cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Research Development of Quenching-induced Residual Stress of Aluminum Thick Plates

The forming mechanism and distribution of the quenching-induced residual stress of aluminum alloy thick plates are summarized.The development of research using FEM is also introduced.According to the results of ex- periment and numerical simulation,a local balanced stress and strain shift model for explaining the formation mecha- nism and distribution laws of quenching-induced residual stress in the aluminum alloy thick plates is proposed.Further- more,the main existing problems in research and the study direction are also pointed out.
The use of lipoplasty in contouring and debulking of flaps.

The authors report that lipoplasty can be used to contour and debulk flaps of various designs if fat is available in the flap or if a prominence of subcutaneous fat results from a buried flap. The technique, which is analogous to that used to treat localized fat deposits for aesthetic reasons, is presented here.
Pituitary Tumor (Adenoma)

The patient with pituitary adenoma presents himself initially because of endocrine manifestations and later, when the tumor extends beyond the sella turcica, because of pressure symptoms on the neighboring structures, foremost of which is the optic chiasm. The goal of any operative intervention is to relieve the pressure on the optic nerves and chiasm and the remaining functioning pituitary tissue. The patient in the case illustrated presented with an unusually large tumor causing indentation into the floor of the third ventricle which could lead to obstruction of the intraventricular pathways (Figs. 99 and 100). Surgery is, in addition, intended to open these pathways. Such large suprasellar extensions are more frequently seen in craniopharyngiomas (see Chapter V).
Personalization in practice

Last month, an advisory committee released recommendations for recruiting at least 1 million individuals to participate in the U.S. National Institutes of Health's Precision Medicine Initiative. This bold approach to disease treatment and prevention seeks to account for an individual's genes, environment, and lifestyle to improve health outcomes. The ability to collect, integrate, analyze, and model relevant data streams is central to this effort. Moving beyond “just” massive data collection will require structured convergence among various disciplines. So, how should data be gathered? Here, computational modeling can be a useful guide. Modeling at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organismal level will be essential to identify the molecular interactions that underlie progressive diseases and to generate a comprehensive and dynamic picture of the individual.
Attitudes Toward Language: A Review of Speaker-Evaluation Research and a General Process Model

Language attitudes are typically inferred from hearers evaluative reactions to speech variations. Although they are central to human communication, their social scientific study has been reported mainly in journals outside of the communication discipline. This chapter first reviews the multidisciplinary work in the area that has looked to evaluations of speakers as a means of assessing language attitudes. Although this research has resulted in pragmatically interesting generalizations, more recent research and theorizing suggests that such generalizations may be limited due to assumptions and methodologies that neglect the complex process through which language attitudes reveal themselves. An emergent understanding of the speaker-evaluation process is discussed herein and represented by a recently developed model. Our assessment of the area concludes with suggested directions for future research.
The Female Athlete Triad and Abnormal Pubertal Development

The female athlete triad is a medical condition that occurs in exercising adolescent females and consists of three factors: energy availability, menstrual function, and bone health. These interrelated factors exist on spectrums from optimal health to dysfunction. Underlying the triad is low energy availability which can be the result of inadvertent undereating, purposeful undereating, or an eating disorder. The resulting low energy availability directly impacts bone health as well as menstrual function. Menstrual irregularity or amenorrhea also has a direct impact on bone health and should not be viewed as a normal consequence of exercise, but instead a pathologic response to low energy availability. In combination, the female athlete triad can lead to long-term health consequences such as poor bone health, infertility, and endothelial dysfunction as well as more immediate health consequences such as stress fractures and musculoskeletal injury. Awareness of the components and health consequences of the female athlete triad is low among athletes and coaches and education may improve early identification of adolescents at risk for the condition and its associated health consequences. A non-pharmacologic approach to restoration of optimal energy availability is the key to treatment of the female athlete triad and a multidisciplinary team including the athlete, coach, dietician, health care provider, and mental health professional, if needed, should be utilized in any treatment plan.
Barriers to seeking care for accidental bowel leakage: a qualitative study

Introduction and hypothesis Fewer than 50 % of women with urinary incontinence (UI) and 30 % of women with accidental bowel leakage (ABL) seek care. We sought to describe barriers to care seeking for ABL to inform development of an instrument to measure these barriers.
A Self-Adaptive Optimal Fragmentation Protocol for Multi-Channel Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks

In multi-channel cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs), packet fragmentation is impacted by new factors besides those in traditional wireless networks due to the unique CR functions. For example, spectrum handoff is the technique for a secondary user (SU) to continue its transmission when a primary user (PU) reoccupies its current transmitting channel. Then, a short frame is less likely to be affected by PU activities, which leads to a lower probability of retransmission. However, with the same header size, a long frame can convey more data than a short frame. In addition, the optimal fragmentation in terms of maximizing the throughput is also related to the spectrum handoff delay, node mobility, and the original packet size of the SU. More importantly, all these factors may vary with time and location, which makes this issue extremely challenging. In this paper, by mathematically modeling these impacts and dynamically mining the related parameters, we propose a self-adaptive protocol guiding the SU to derive the up-to-date optimal packet fragmentation. The proposed protocol is based on practical assumptions and taking other necessary CR functions into account such as spectrum sensing, channel hopping, and spectrum handoff. Simulation results validate our probabilistic model and the optimality of the fragmentation we derived. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first practical fragmentation protocol for multi-channel CRAHNs.
Emotional and Behavioral Correlates of Persisting Specific Learning Disabilities in Written Language During Middle Childhood and Early Adolescence

Parents completed the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition: Parent Rating Scale (BASC2 PRS) while their children (94 boys, 61 girls; M = 11 years 11 months) were given tests. Evi...
Rivaroxaban Causes Missed Diagnosis of Protein S Deficiency but Not of Activated Protein C Resistance (Factor V Leiden).

Context.— Rivaroxaban causes a false increase in activated protein C resistance (APCR) ratios and protein S activity. Objective.— To investigate whether this increase masks a diagnosis of factor V Leiden (FVL) or protein S deficiency in a “real-world” population of patients undergoing rivaroxaban treatment and hypercoagulation testing. Design.— During a 2.5-year period, we compared 4 groups of patients (n = 60): FVL heterozygous (FVL-HET)/taking rivaroxaban, wild-type/taking rivaroxaban, FVL-HET/no rivaroxaban, and normal APCR/no rivaroxaban. Patients taking rivaroxaban were tested for protein S functional activity and free antigen (n = 32). Results.— The FVL-HET patients taking rivaroxaban had lower APCR ratios than wild-type patients (P < .001). For FVL-HET patients taking rivaroxaban, mean APCR was 1.75 ± 0.12, versus 1.64 ± 0.3 in FVL-HET patients not taking rivaroxaban (P = .005). Activated protein C resistance in FVL-HET patients fell more than 3 SDs below the cutoff of 2.2 at which the laboratory r...
39-P: INCREASING MFI CUTOFFS FOR UNACCEPTABLE ANTIGENS INCREASES ACCESS TO ACTUAL DECEASED DONOR CROSSMATCHES FOR THE SENSITIZED RECIPIENT

Aim Low level antibodies may not always produce a positive flow crossmatch and increase the risk for transplant. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of increasing the MFI cutoff for listing the unacceptable antigens (UA) in UNET. UA are use in virtual crossmatches and exlude recipients without performing crossmatches. Methods Antibody detection was performed by One Lambda LABScreen Single Antigen HLA Class I and II beads. The normalized MFI was used to calculate the cutoff. The MFI cutoff for a positive result was increased from 1,500 to 3,000. T and B cell crossmatches were performed by flow cytometry with pronase treated cells and reported as MCS. The T cell cutoff for positive was 61 and B cell was 93 which is 3 standard deviations above our negative control serum. The ten highest ranking recipients on the kidney runs from the first 8 deceased donor workups following the change were studied. Results Fifty six of the 126 actively listed patients from CTHH had UA entered in UNET. Low level UA were removed from 50/56 recipients. After the modification, eight recipients fell below and 21 stayed above 80% CPRA. The remainder had a CPRA range from 5-73%. 48 of the top 80 recipients on recent kidney match runs were from CTHH and further studied. 14/48 (29%) had low level antibodies present. 3/14 (21%) were flow T and B cell negative and the DSA was to DQ7 in all three crossmatches. Eleven were T and/or B cell positive. Four of the positive crossmatches were due to Cw, DQA, or DP antibodies which are not reported as UA. Three were due to low levels of multiple antibodies producing a cumulative effect. One was due to Bw6 antibody that reacted with all Bw6 beads on the Luminex assay but reacted below 3,000 MFI. The remaining four positive crossmtaches were due to historically higher MFI values. Conclusions Low level antibodies should not be added as unacceptable antigens and automatically rule out a recipient for kidney transplantation. Some crossmatches will be negative.
Trends in Interventional Radiology Through the Eye of the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology: A 27-Year History.

Abstract Purpose To report the quantity, manuscript types, geographic distribution of publications, and published content trends in a major interventional radiology journal over 27 years. Materials and Methods Available publication data from the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology was collected via Scopus from November 1990 to November 2017. Quantity, manuscript type, geographic distribution, number of citations, and publication content were analyzed. Results 6925 papers were published in JVIR during the study period. The number of publications increased by 234% from an average of 103 publications/year in the first 5 years to 344 publications/year in the last 5 years. Manuscript types included 4891 original articles (70.6%), 987 letters (14.3%), 360 review articles (5.2%), 324 notes (4.7%), 167 conference papers (2.4%), 102 editorials (1.5%), 61 errata (0.9%), 23 articles in press (0.3%), and 10 short surveys (0.1%). The majority of publications originated in the United States with 3945 articles (57.0%), followed by Canada with 366 articles (5.3%), and Japan and South Korea with 360 (5.2%) and 340 articles (4.9%), respectively. As for article content, arterial disease and interventions were discussed in 2256 publications (32.6%), followed by venous (1237; 17.9%), miscellaneous (1072; 15.5%), oncology (1006; 14.5%), genitourinary (758; 10.9%), portal (337; 4.9%), neurovascular (253; 3.7%), gastrointestinal (232; 3.4%), biliary (210; 3.0%), pediatric (130; 1.9%), clinical trials (119; 1.7%), and guideline development (119; 1.7%). Conclusion There has been a marked increase in the number of publications in JVIR over 27 years. JVIR has shown continued growth since its inception and has strengthened its international reputation with more global research than ever before.
Transient Kinetic Selectivity in Nanotubes Growth on Solid Co–W Catalyst

Solid Co–W catalysts have been shown to yield single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) with high selectivity, simplistically attributed to CNT-catalyst symmetry match for certain chiral indices (n,m). Here, based on large-scale first-principles calculations combined with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we show instead that such selectivity arises from a complex kinetics of growth. The solid Co7W6 catalyst strongly favors a restructured, asymmetric CNT edge which entails preferential nucleation of tubes with 2m < n but much faster growth of chiral tubes with n ⩽ 2m. We uncover a tendency of interface defects formation that, although rare, drive CNT type change from smaller to larger chiral angles (zigzag to armchair). Being both least prone to defects and fast growing, the (12,6) CNT appears as a transient, kinetics-selected type reaching highest abundance.
Experience with 118 consecutive patients undergoing operation for the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Between July 1, 1980, and April 1, 1985, 118 patients underwent operation for correction of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. There were 72 male and 46 female patients with ages ranging from 9 months to 70 years (mean 28 +/- 6 years). The major indications for operation were medical refractoriness or drug intolerance (60%) and previous cardiac arrest (14%). Associated abnormalities included Ebstein's anomaly (12%), other arrhythmias (34%), coronary artery disease (6%), cardiomyopathy (6%), and congenital heart disease other than Ebstein's anomaly (22%). Two patients had undergone operations for Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome previously at other institutions. Twenty percent of patients had multiple (two to four) accessory pathways, a total of 149 pathways being present in the 118 patients. Distribution of the accessory pathways was as follows: 58% left free wall, 24% posterior septal, 13% right free wall, and 5% anterior septal. The surgical technique employed previously for the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and for the first 10 patients in the present series was modified in August, 1981, to include 2.5 power optical magnification, exclusive use of the endocardial approach under cardioplegic arrest, wider margins of surgical dissection, sharp dissection of the involved valve anulus, division of only the ventricular insertion of the accessory pathway, and internal identification of the ventricular epicardial peel in all regions of dissection. Of the 149 accessory pathways present, 148 were successfully divided in the 118 patients and, by means of the above modifications, 137 of 137 accessory pathways have been divided successfully in the last 108 patients in the series. The surgical results in these patients document an increase in the success rate for division of accessory pathways from 86% to 99.3%, a decrease in the reoperation rate from approximately 15% to 0%, and a decrease in the incidence of permanent complete heart block from 10.5% to 0.8%. The mortality was 5.0% in the entire series, but only one death occurred following elective operation in the absence of associated cardiac abnormalities (0.8%). Using the present surgical technique, these results suggest that surgical therapy is a conservative alternative to a lifetime of medical therapy in young, otherwise healthy patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Development, reliability, and piloting of a wheelchair caster failure inspection tool (C-FIT).

Introduction: Wheelchair casters fail frequently in the field causing multiple user consequences and wheelchair breakdowns. To inform caster design improvement, there exists no validated tools that...
"Rebuilding what has eroded": a descriptive, survey-based study of near-peer instructors' experiences in a critical pedagogy-based sociomedical course.

Purpose: Near-peer assisted learning has been deployed in numerous settings within medical education with promising results. However, there is very little experience utilizing near-peers in sociomedical or cultural competency training. We recently described a novel model for sociomedical learning based on Introduction to Medicine and Society (IMS), a critical pedagogy-based course at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (PSOM). Near-peer facilitation, by senior medical students, is central to this model. The aim of this descriptive study is to examine how facilitating within this curriculum impacts senior medical students’ self-reported attitudes toward course content, medical education, as well as self-care and medical practice. Methods: At the conclusion of the course, near-peer facilitator attitudes were assessed in three key domains through an anonymous survey. Attitudes were rated according to a 5-point Likert scale. Data from subgroups were analyzed using standard two-tailed t-tests. Optional narrative data were also collected. Results: Twenty six of 34 (76%) eligible facilitators completed the survey. Strong majorities of facilitators felt that their experience facilitating IMS had a favorable effect on attitudes related to course content (sociomedical issues and communication skills). A majority also endorsed favorable changes in their attitudes toward teaching and medical education. Large proportions of facilitators endorsed positive changes in a number of domains linked to trainee resilience. Conclusions: Our descriptive data suggest that acting as a near-peer facilitator as a senior medical student within a critical pedagogy-based course could help to fill multiple important curricular gaps at the transition from medical school to residency. Moreover, we find that a sociomedical facilitation experience during this important transition may increase enthusiasm for careers in medical education and undo some of the negative impacts of clinical training during medical school.
Food Consumption and Food Activism in Italy

This chapter examines the role of food consumption in food activism in Italy. Using data from ethnographic fieldwork in Florence (Tuscany) in the 1980s and Cagliari (Sardinia) in the 2010s, it ponders how three specific characteristics of Italian food consumption habits contribute to people’s willingness and ability to resist the agro-industrial food system: the centrality of commensality, the devotion to taste and sensory pleasure, and the commitment to local and seasonal foods. These provide strong motives for some people to practice food activism and pursue what the Slow Food movement calls “good, clean and fair food” through consumption choices. I consider the role of class in food activism and the possible limits of a middle-class activism that centers principally on changing consumer practices. By highlighting how activism emerges from Italian food culture, I also hope to advance understanding of Italianicity, which is grounded in and expressed through foodways.
A pilot study of multifamily therapy group for young adults with anorexia nervosa: Reconnecting for recovery

Objective We tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect sizes on outcome measures of Reconnecting for Recovery (R4R) Multifamily Therapy Group for young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN). Method Ten participants (mean age = 23 years, SD = 3.6) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition criteria for a restrictive eating disorder (AN or other specified feeding and eating disorder) and 14 family members received 16 R4R outpatient sessions over 26 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated by recruitment and retention rates and patient/family member suitability scores. Outcomes were determined utilizing the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), weight (body mass index), and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Results All participants and 12 family members were retained, and the majority found R4R acceptable. EDE global score and lack of emotional awareness improved significantly from baseline (BL) to end-of-treatment (EOT) and BL to 6-month follow-up (6MFU) with moderate to large effect sizes (0.47-1.41). Limited access to emotion regulation strategies (LAERS) improved significantly from BL to 6MFU (moderate effect size; 0.57). Improvements in LAERS from BL to EOT (0.32) and weight from BL to EOT and BL to 6MFU were not significant (effect sizes 0.16-0.22). Discussion Findings provide preliminary evidence that R4R is feasible, acceptable, and produces clinically significant changes in targeted outcomes.
Wanting More: Queer Theory and Education

This chapter serves as the introduction to our edited volume Queer Pedagogies: Theory, Praxis, Politics. Here we discuss the unfinished and necessary work of queer theory/studies in education situated within an analysis of broader sociocultural and political progressive change and backlash as regards LGBTQ+ issues. Within this discussion, we also elaborate on some of the challenges moving forward within the field of queer theory/studies in education, and specifically within the context of knowledge production about the meaning and practice of queer pedagogies. In this way, the chapter essays in the collection provide ample opportunities for scholars, educators, and activists to critically engage with ongoing questions of theory, praxis, and politics.
Practices, Perceptions, and Attitudes in the Evaluation of Critically Ill Children for Bacteremia: A National Survey*

Objectives:Sending blood cultures in children at low risk of bacteremia can contribute to a cascade of unnecessary antibiotic exposure, adverse effects, and increased costs. We aimed to describe practice variation, clinician beliefs, and attitudes about blood culture testing in critically ill childr
Security through block vault in a blockchain enabled federated cloud framework

The survivability of any organization in the event of disaster or attack could greatly depend on its offsite data recovery. But which provider could offer secure and resilient cyber security protection to offsite data is a major problem for individuals, businesses and organizations. In recent times, cyber-attacks are strategic and tactical. Adversaries are advanced with capability to access sensitive business digital assets. Their nefarious actions have exposed devastating flaws in many access controls at different levels, and are now security risk to systems, data storages and resources. In this paper, we present a Blockchain enabled federated cloud computing framework, to secure storage for offsite digital assets. Our framework is designed with a great degree of efficiency, privacy, scalability and restricted access control. It addresses authentication flaws and improve early detection of data breaches, by continuously evaluating subject’s access control and interaction with resources, using operation cost for monitoring and accountability. Evaluation showed proof of concept that our design and approach outperforms the traditional approaches.
Early behavioral and developmental interventions in ADNP‐syndrome: A case report of SWI/SNF‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately one in 59 children. Variants in the activity-dependent neuroprotector homeobox ADNP (OMIM #611386) gene may be one of the most common single-gene causes of syndromic ASD. Most patients diagnosed with ADNP syndrome have ASD as a comorbidity, and all patients have mild-to-severe intellectual disability. Methods/case report We present a case report of a patient diagnosed with ADNP syndrome at 2.5 years of age. The patient has many of the key features of the syndrome, including ASD, global developmental delay, behavioral problems, congenital heart defect, early tooth eruption, and vision problems. The patient's initial presentation included congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), which has not been previously reported in this condition. Results The patient exhibited frequent behavioral outbursts and was initiated on antipsychotic medication with near-complete resolution of symptoms allowing her to engage more fully in early intervention therapies leading to progress in language acquisition. Conclusion This short report provides guidance for antipsychotic medication dosing to improve early intervention outcomes. This is the first report of CDH in this syndrome.
Reproductive performance, calf growth, and milk production of first-calf heifers sired by seven breeds and raised on different levels of nutrition

We evaluated heifers crossbred from seven breeds of sires (Hereford, Angus, Belgian Blue, Piedmontese, Brahman, Boran, and Tuli) and three breeds of dams (Angus, Hereford, and MARC III [four-breed composite]). Heifers were mated to Red Poll sires to calve at 2 yr of age. Heifers were placed in two treatments from weaning to breeding and raised on a high nutrition level (15.8 Mcal ME/d) or on 80% of the high nutrition level (12.6 Mcal ME/d). Breeds differed in the age of the heifers at parturition (P = .03). Birth weights of calves differed by maternal grandsire (P < .001) but not by heifer treatment (P = .91) or maternal grandam (P = .19). Heifers differed in their postpartum interval to estrus by sire breed (P = .001). Calf age at weaning (P = .02), calf ADG (P < .001), and 205-d weight (P < .001) differed between breeds of maternal grandsires. Milk production from 50 to 200 d of lactation was greatest for heifers of Belgian Blue (1,070 +/- 30 kg) and Brahman (1,029 +/- 38 kg) sires. Milk production did not differ with treatment group (P = .84). This study suggests that over a diverse group of breeds, accelerated rates of gain during the postweaning period within the ranges of this study do not result in increased production efficiency of the cows.
Chapter 13 – Strategic Leadership: Setting Priorities

Developing a strategy or strategies is one of the most important tasks for a leader. These need to be data driven and need to be evaluated regularly with updating when appropriate. However, perhaps even more important are the associated tasks of setting priorities and implementing tactics. These are often the keys to achieving your strategic objectives. Success or failure in this regard is one of the defining features of a great leader—the ability to determine what is important and then to do the important things well. First, find the mission critical things to focus upon and then figure out how to get them done well and in a timely fashion.
IsoDAR cyclotron capable of producing high currents due to three breakthroughs in accelerator technology

1000 Objectives: IsoDAR cyclotron capable of producing high currents due to three breakthroughs in accelerator technology: The use of H2+ to limit space charge, direct beam injection via radio frequency quadrupole to increase transmission and utilizing vortex motion to control the beam profile. The high current of this machine opens several applications. One major application is for neutrino physics. This high proton current can be used to generate a massive neutrino flux. When placed near a detector, a high neutrino flux increases statistics used in a beyond the standard model neutrino experiments. The IsoDAR cyclotron’s high energy and current make it a perfect cyclotron for the mass production of rare medical isotopes. Ac225 and Ge68/Ga68 have had several exciting results in treatment and theranostics; however, these isotopes remain prohibitively expensive and difficult to produce. At full power, IsoDAR cyclotron would be able to produce multiple Ci of each isotope per day, and in doing so lessen their cost by approximately a factor of one thousand. One challenge is the power management of the target. The 600 KW of power will overwhelm most modern medical isotope targets. However, because the IsoDAR cyclotron emits an H2+ beam, it is possible to break up the beam into several parts. One could image the beam going to a station with a dipole and electron stripping foil. The stripping foil converts a portion of the beam to protons, causing it to separate in the dipole magnet before colliding with a target. The remainder of the beam may continue down the beamline. This process may be iterated until the full beam power is diffused over multiple targets. This allows the full power of the beam to be used, while not overpowering any targets. The target paradigm can also be shifted. The high-power beam may be used to develop new high-power targets. The thermal processes and nuclear chemistry that for isotope target design is very complex, and so a beam capable of being split into multiple high-power beams enables a testbed for their development. This may increase the rate of targetry research and development by providing new infrastructure.
LHC and the ATLAS Detector

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [1] is a two-ring superconducting hadron accelerator and collider located at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) center at the French-Switzerland border. The LHC is installed in the 27 km tunnel constructed for the Large Electron Positron Collider (LEP) experiment [2] which lies between 45 and 170 m below ground. In 1996, the construction of a 14 TeV LHC was approved [3]. The LEP experiment ran from 1989 to 2000 when it was closed to liberate the tunnel for the LHC. While the LEP experiment collided electrons and positrons, the LHC primarily collides bunches of protons at four interaction points around the ring where four independent experiments are located: ATLAS [4], CMS [5], LHCb [6], and ALICE [7]. ATLAS and CMS are general purpose detectors aiming to run at high luminosities, with peak luminosity of \(L = 2\times 10^{34} \text { cm}^{-2}\text { s}^{-1}\). LHCb is designed to study b-hadrons with peak luminosity of \(L = 2\times 10^{32} \text { cm}^{-2}\text { s}^{-1}\) and ALICE is designed to study heavy ion collisions with peak luminosity of \(L = 2\times 10^{27} \text { cm}^{-2}\text { s}^{-1}\). The LHC complex and the four experiments are shown in Fig. 3.1.
Evaluation of anti-factor VIII antibody levels in patients with haemophilia A receiving immune tolerance induction therapy or bypassing agents

Introduction Bleeding episodes in patients who have haemophilia A (HA), a hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in factor VIII (FVIII), are treated or prophylactically prevented with infusions of exogenous FVIII. Neutralizing antibodies, referred to as inhibitors, against infusion products are a major complication experienced by up to 30% of patients who have severe HA. Bypassing agents (BPA), a class of therapeutics given to patients who have inhibitors, bypass the need for FVIII in the coagulation cascade, and long-term inhibitor eradication is accomplished using immune tolerance induction therapy (ITI). Data examining the antibody levels in patients receiving BPA and ITI are limited. Aim Measure anti-FVIII antibody levels in specimens from patients receiving ITI or BPA in order to evaluate the anti-FVIII antibody response in those patients. Methods Specimens were tested using the CDC-modified Nijmegen-Bethesda assay (NBA) and the CDC fluorescence immunoassay (FLI) for anti-FVIII IgG1 and IgG4 . Results NBA-negative specimens from patients undergoing ITI or receiving BPAs have a higher frequency of anti-FVIII IgG4 positivity compared with the previously published level for NBA-negative HA patients. Analysis of anti-FVIII antibody levels in serial samples from patients undergoing ITI reveals that antibodies can persist even after the patient's NBA result falls into the negative range. Conclusions Measurement of anti-FVIII antibodies may be a useful means to better contextualize NBA results in specimens from patients receiving BPA or ITI. In addition, assessment of anti-FVIII antibody levels has the potential to improve inhibitor surveillance and clinical decision-making related to the progress of ITI.
Gröbner methods for representations of combinatorial categories

Given a category C of a combinatorial nature, we study the following fundamental question: how does the combinatorial behavior of C affect the algebraic behavior of representations of C? We prove two general results. The first gives a combinatorial criterion for representations of C to admit a theory of Grobner bases. From this, we obtain a criterion for noetherianity of representations. The second gives a combinatorial criterion for a general “rationality” result for Hilbert series of representations of C. This criterion connects to the theory of formal languages, and makes essential use of results on the generating functions of languages, such as the transfer-matrix method and the Chomsky–Schutzenberger theorem. Our work is motivated by recent work in the literature on representations of various specific categories. Our general criteria recover many of the results on these categories that had been proved by ad hoc means, and often yield cleaner proofs and stronger statements. For example: we give a new, more robust, proof that FI-modules (originally introduced by Church–Ellenberg–Farb), and a family of natural generalizations, are noetherian; we give an easy proof of a generalization of the Lannes–Schwartz artinian conjecture from the study of generic representation theory of finite fields; we significantly improve the theory of ∆modules, introduced by Snowden in connection to syzygies of Segre embeddings; and we establish fundamental properties of twisted commutative algebras in positive characteristic.
Relations Between Child Temperament and Adolescent Negative Urgency in a High-Risk Sample.

Abstract Negative urgency, rash action during negative mood states, is a strong predictor of risky behavior. However, its developmental antecedents remain largely unstudied. The current study tested whether childhood temperament served as a developmental antecedent to adolescent negative urgency. Participants (N = 239) were from a longitudinal study oversampled for a family history of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Negative emotionality (anger and sadness reactivity) and effortful control were measured in childhood (5–8) and negative urgency in adolescence (13–18). Childhood anger reactivity was uniquely related to later negative urgency above and beyond sadness reactivity. Effortful control was not related to later negative urgency; however, a latent variable capturing the shared variance between childhood effortful control and anger reactivity was related to later negative urgency.
Rhetoricity of borders: whiteness in Latinidad and beyond

The politics of visibility and whiteness are multifaceted, complicated, and nuanced in how Latinidad is perceived, represented, and stereotyped. For U.S. Latino/a/x folks, Latinidad is often identi...
Guillain-Barré Syndrome After Acute Hepatitis E Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

INTRODUCTION Guillain-Barre syndrome precipitated by hepatitis E virus infection is rare, yet its incidence is increasing. CLINICAL FINDINGS A 57-year-old man was transferred from another facility with fatigue, orange urine, and progressive weakness over 4 to 6 weeks. Initial laboratory results included total bilirubin, 9.0 mg/dL; direct bilirubin, 6.4 mg/dL; aspartate aminotransferase, 1551 U/L; alanine aminotransferase, 3872 U/L; and alkaline phosphatase, 430 U/L. Immunoglobulin M and quantitative polymerase chain reaction test results were positive for hepatitis E virus. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine showed no gross abnormalities. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture revealed the following (reference values in parentheses): total white blood cell count, 15/μL (0-5/μL), with 33% neutrophils and 54% lymphocytes; protein, 0.045 g/dL (0.015-0.045 g/dL); and glucose, 95 mg/dL (within reference range). Neurological examination revealed weakness in both upper extremities, with proximal strength greater than distal strength. The patient could not elevate either lower extremity off the bed and had areflexia and reduced sensation throughout all extremities. DIAGNOSIS Guillain-Barre syndrome secondary to acute hepatitis E virus infection was diagnosed on the basis of clinical characteristics, serum and cerebrospinal fluid analyses, and nerve conduction studies. CONCLUSIONS Nurses and clinicians should obtain a thorough history and consider hepatitis E virus infection as a precipitating factor in patients with sensory and motor disturbances consistent with Guillain-Barre syndrome. The case gives insight into the diagnostic process for Guillain-Barre syndrome and highlights the vital role of bedside nurses in evaluating and treating these patients.
Evaluation of the Febrile Patient

The presence of fever in patients in the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) demands prompt attention because infection, often heralded by an elevation in core body temperature, is the leading cause of death in this patient population (1). Fever is defined as “a state of elevated core temperature,” and is present when the oral temperature is higher than 99°F (>37.3°C) in the early morning or higher than 100°F (>37.8°C) at any time during the day. This frame of reference is obviously of limited value when applied to seriously ill patients in the SICU, some of whom may exhibit an absent or blunt response to infection and others who are not candidates for oral temperature measurements. Most authorities consider the thermistor of a pulmonary artery catheter to be the most accurate device for measuring core temperature. However, when pulmonary artery catheters are not in place, most believe that electronic probes, placed in the rectum or external auditory canal, are acceptable alternatives. Measurements from the axilla are unreliable and should not be used (2).
Measuring Performance, Efficiency of Allied & Muslim Commercial Banks Before after Privatization Period

This research investigates the comparative analysis of the performance, Efficiency of Allied & Muslim Commercial Bank before and after Privatization period. The primary resource of data for empirical analysis is the balance sheets of target years collected from the different branches of Allied bank and Muslim Commercial Bank in Khairpur and Sukkur. The balance sheets along with the income statements of those banks were also collected. For secondary source, year wise reports from various library sources were collected and studied. The reports from the State Bank of Pakistan were also brought to the analysis to see the comparison and impact of privatization and role of the central bank in the process of privatization. The comparative analysis and efficiency levels were measured by using nonparametric statistical tests, regression analysis, and the Reliability model. The reliability model used for the first time in management sciences research has unique features. The model predicted the life of components of the banking business. The expected success and failure of the indicators before and after privatization are assessed by using the reliability model. In nonparametric statistical tests applied were the Chi-square, Sign Test, Sign rank test and Wilcoxon and Hotelling’s T tests. Means were compared by using t-test.
Social Practices: A Wittgensteinian Approach to Human Activity and the Social

Abbreviations Preface and acknowledgements 1. The emergence of practice 2. Mind/action/body 3. The social constitution of mind/action and body 4. Social practices 5. Dimensions of practice theory 6. Practices and sociality Postscript: individual and totality Notes References Index.
Attempted Medical Management of Suspected Ascending Colon Displacement in Horses

Objective To determine the success of medical management of suspected displacement of the ascending (large) colon in horses. Study Design Retrospective case series. Animals Horses (n = 127) with suspected large colon displacement. Methods Medical records (January 1998–September 2008) of horses admitted for colic were reviewed. Suspected large colon displacement was diagnosed from clinical examination and in some cases, subsequent surgical examination. Medically managed horses were exercised and administered intravenous fluids and analgesia. Horses with suspected left dorsal displacement (LDD) of the large colon were also administered phenylephrine. Results Medical management had a high success rate for treatment of suspected right dorsal displacement (RDD) (64%) and LDD (76%) of the large colon; 4 horses died (1) or were euthanatized (3) and 36 horses had surgery. Of 127 horses treated medically or surgically for a colon displacement, 94% survived to hospital discharge. Conclusions Horses with suspected RDD or LDD of the large colon may respond to medical management including exercise.
Fast test for the durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts

ETek Pt/C catalyst was used as standard materials to develop a new test protocol for fast screening durable catalyst for PEM fuel cells. Potential step (Pstep) method with the upper potential of 1.4V and the potential-static (Pstat) holding at 1.4 V or 1.2V are used to degrade the catalyst. The degradation in the electrochemical surface area (ESA) for Pt/C under Pstep conditions is greatly accelerated as compared with other conditions. The durability of Pt/Vulcan and Pt/CNT were studied using the new protocol with the electrochemical stressing of Pstep(1.4V/0.6V), which provided the same results as those tested using conventional protocols: Pt/CNT is more durable than Pt/Vulcan. This confirms that the new protocol works well in screening catalyst in terms of durability. The new protocol can differentiate the durability of electrocatalysts by shortening the test time to several hours. It is reliable and time-efficient.
Use of transgenic mice to infer the biological properties of small intestinal stem cells and to examine the lineage relationships of their descendants

Abstract Transgenes, composed of elements of the 5' nontranscribed region of the liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) gene linked to various reporters, have previously been used to explore the cellular, regional, and temporal differentiation of the mouse intestinal epithelium. In this report, we have analyzed a pedigree of L-FABP/human growth hormone (hGH) transgenic mice that display a stable, heritable, mosaic pattern of reporter expression: wholly hGH-positive or hGH-negative populations of differentiating enterocytes arise from hGH-positive or hGH-negative crypts, respectively, and migrate as vertical coherent bands up the villus producing striped (polyclonal) villi. The ability of enteroendocrine cells within a given villus stripe to support hGH expression coincides with the enterocytic reporter phenotype, suggesting that these two terminally differentiated cells arise from a common multipotent stem cell. hGH-negative crypts are nonrandomly distributed around each villus and their frequency increases along the duodenal-to-ileal axis. Statistical analysis of the observed villus striping pattern suggests that transgene expression is not independently determined in individual crypts but rather in multicrypt "patches." The intact endogenous mouse L-FABP gene (Fabpl) exhibits a similar striped villus pattern of expression in a portion of the distal small intestine. These studies indicate that Fabpl and L-FABP/hGH transgenes represent sensitive markers for exploring the biological properties of gut stem cells and how positional information is encoded in this rapidly and continuously renewing epithelium.
Phosphatidylserine Is Involved in the Ferrichrome-induced Plasma Membrane Trafficking of Arn1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Arn1 is an integral membrane protein that mediates the uptake of ferrichrome, an important nutritional source of iron, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the absence of ferrichrome, Arn1p is sorted directly from the trans-Golgi network to the vacuolar lumen for degradation. In the presence of low levels of ferrichrome, the siderophore binds to a receptor domain on Arn1, triggering the redistribution of Arn1 to the plasma membrane. When extracellular ferrichrome levels are high, Arn1 cycles between the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles. To further understand the mechanisms of trafficking of Arn1p, we screened 4580 viable yeast deletion mutants for mislocalization of Arn1-GFP using synthetic genetic array technology. We identified over 100 genes required for trans-Golgi network-to-vacuole trafficking of Arn1-GFP and only two genes, SER1 and SER2, required for the ferrichrome-induced plasma membrane trafficking of Arn1-GFP. SER1 and SER2 encode two enzymes of the major serine biosynthetic pathway, and the Arn1 trafficking defect in the ser1Δ strain was corrected with supplemental serine or glycine. Plasma membrane trafficking of Hxt3, a structurally related glucose transporter, was unaffected by SER1 deletion. Serine is required for the synthesis of multiple cellular components, including purines, sphingolipids, and phospholipids, but of these only phosphatidylserine corrected the Arn1 trafficking defects of the ser1Δ strain. Strains with defects in phospholipid synthesis also exhibited alterations in Arn1p trafficking, indicating that the intracellular trafficking of some transporters is dependent on the phospholipid composition of the cellular membranes.
The emergence of a relational cultural paradigm for vocational psychology

An inclusive paradigm that emphasizes the nature and inevitable cultural shaping of meaning-making through relationships is represented as the relational cultural paradigm for vocational psychology presented in this article. This paradigm represents a phenomenological worldview or meta-theory for understanding meaning and mattering in worklife. The concept of worklife represents the nexus of work (unbound by dichotomous distinctions such as labour market and personal work), relationships, and culture (including the cultural construction of gender). Narratives are identified as a tool for understanding the meanings people construct.
VHDL Implementation of the Fast Wavelet Transform

In this paper, a VHDL implementation of a decomposition unit based on Mallat's fast Wavelet Transform, which utilizes a two-channel subband coder, is described. The units were simulated, synthesized, and optimized using Mentor® design tools. The final design was verified with VHDL test benches and Matlab image processing tools. Results of the decomposition for color images validate the design. Utilizing a clock frequency of 25 MHz, a time period of 45 ms was estimated for the decomposition process of a 640 × 480 color image, which makes it feasible for real time video compression. The size of the layout was found to be within 2.5 × 2.5 mm, which suggests a 40 pin-package tiny frame.
Assessing asymmetry: the life course of a research project

This article describes the evolution of a project examining the impact of encounters on public confidence in the police. It reviews the background of the research, the central puzzle that drove the project, and the events that led to its discovery. I was surprised by my initial inability to confirm the expected relationship between encounters and confidence. Rather than encouraging confidence, encounters that people themselves rated positively did not seem to increase satisfaction with police, and for many actually made things worse. Here I discuss how I confronted this puzzle, what I concluded, and what other researchers have since done with the findings. I conclude with some notes on the research agenda implied by all of this research, and how the entire process accords with the ways in which scientific research proceeds.