cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Long Distance Cyclin D1 Activation in B Cell Malignancies: Role of RNA Polymerase II.

Translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus (IgH) are common in B cell malignancies. One common target gene is cyclin D1, which is deregulated in most patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and approximately 15–20% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Cyclin D1 is not expressed in normal lymphocytes; cyclin D1 expression in B cell malignancies is deregulated by IgH translocations and insertions. We have shown that the cyclin D1 locus, including the promoter and upstream regions, are acetylated and DNA hypomethylated in both malignant and nonmalignant B cells (Liu et al, Blood in press). Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, we have found that RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a) present at the cyclin D1 promoter b) located at regions far upstream of the cyclin D1 gene and c) present at 3′ Cα IgH regulatory elements only in cyclin D1 expressing malignant B cells. Pol II is present at the translocation breakpoint in a MCL cell line, but we do not find Pol II present continuously from the IgH regulatory regions to the cyclin D1 promoter. Confirmatory RT-PCR analyses also do not demonstrate continous evidence of RNA transcripts extending from the IgH regulatory elements to the cyclin D1 promoter. Mutants derived from gene targeting experiments that have lost the translocated chromosome show Pol II binding only at the Eu intronic enhancer, consistent with known promoter acivity and sterile transcripts originating at this location. Our data suggest that Pol II may play a important role in initiating long distance cyclin D1 deregulation by translocated IgH sequences. Analogous to the mouse β-globin gene locus, a polymerase transfer (LPT) model may be invoked, where other proteins such as CTCF effect Pol II transfer from 3′ Cα IgH regulatory sequences to the cyclin D1 promoter and initiate cyclin D1 transcription.
Sustained Benefits of Exercise-based Motivational Interviewing, but Only among Nonusers of Opioids in Patients with Fibromyalgia.

Objective Given the known side effects of opioids and their potential effects on cognition, we sought to evaluate the benefits of motivational interviewing (MI) to promote physical activity on 2 subsets of participants with fibromyalgia (FM): nonusers and users of opioids. Methods This was a secondary data analysis of a 36-week randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of MI to promote physical activity among participants with FM. Participants were randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms: 6 phone-based MI sessions (n = 107) or 6 sessions of FM self-management instructions [attention control (AC), n = 109]. The primary outcomes were changes in physical function (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36), pain severity (Brief Pain Inventory), global FM symptom severity (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire), and the amount of light to moderate physical activity (LMPA) from baseline to each followup visit. At study entry, subjects were categorized as opioid nonusers versus users. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess treatment effects adjusting for potential confounders. Results Of the 216 participants, 145 (67%) were nonusers and 71 (33%) were opioid users. Among nonusers, MI was associated with improved physical function, reduced pain severity, and global FM severity, and increased LMPA at 6-month followup. Among opioid users, there were no significant differences in any outcome measures between the MI and AC groups. Conclusion Exercise-based MI was associated with sustained clinical benefits 6 months after completion of therapy, but only for those who were not taking opioids.
Complex Responsive Leading in Social Sector Organizations

After describing some of the current challenges facing social sector organizations, this chapter presents some of the innovative responses, the way those responses serve as examples of the changing organization and leading constructs, and what skills those in “leadership” positions need to function in this complex and every changing environment. The focus of this chapter is on the different mindset and orientation to organization development these new constructs offer.
Coarsening of Inter- and Intra-granular Proeutectoid Cementite in an Initially Pearlitic 2C-4Cr Ultrahigh Carbon Steel

We have examined spheroidization and coarsening of cementite in an initially pearlitic 2C-4Cr ultrahigh carbon steel containing a cementite network. Coarsening kinetics of spheroidized cementite and growth of denuded zones adjacent to the cementite network were investigated by analyzing particle sizes from digital micrographs of water-quenched steel etched with Nital. Denuded zones grew at a rate proportional to t 1/4–t 1/5. Spheroidization of pearlite was completed within 90 minutes at 1073 K and 1173 K (800 °C and 900 °C), and within 5 minutes at 1243 K (970 °C). Bimodal particle size distributions were identified in most of the samples and were more pronounced at higher temperatures and hold times. Peaks in the distributions were attributed to the coarsening of intragranular and grain boundary particles at different rates. A third, non-coarsening peak of particles was present at 1073 K (800 °C) only and was attributed to particles existing prior to the heat treatment. Particle sizes were plotted vs time to investigate possible coarsening mechanisms. The coarsening exponent for the growth of grain boundary carbides was closest to 4, indicating grain boundary diffusion control. The coarsening exponent was closest to 5 for intragranular carbides, indicating suppression of volumetric diffusion (possibly due to reduced effective diffusivity because of Cr alloying) and control by dislocation diffusion.
Feeling bad can be good?: audience research on Korean reality makeover shows, Get It Beauty and The Body Show

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the feelings of individuals who have been exposed to the continuous demands for managing and beautifying the body. Through audience research on Korean reality shows about body/beauty, Get It Beauty and The Body Show, we attempt to understand how the discourses of body care work at the individual level. Our interviewees’ feelings of being stressed, burdened, and annoyed about the discourses in the shows signify their (un)conscious acknowledgment of the false promises of the self-care rhetoric. However, the discourses of willpower and the embedded voyeuristic pleasure of watching the shows make it difficult to place such feelings in the public domain. We conclude that individuals’ feelings lose their potential as resistant voices when “feeling bad” is discounted as personal, while a feeling of individual achievement is excessively celebrated.
Genome Sequence of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera virus2, a Novel Small RNA Virus of the Western Corn Rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte.

ABSTRACT The genome of a novel small RNA virus, tentatively named Diabrotica virgifera virgifera virus 2 (DvvV2), was identified in the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, through transcriptome sequencing and confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR. Here, we report the near-complete nucleotide sequence and the genome organization of DvvV2.
What about the bookstore?: Textbook affordability programs and the academic library-bookstore relationship

If your academic library has yet to implement a Textbook Affordability Project (TAP), odds are it will soon be a topic of discussion on your campus. Sessions on Open Educational Resources (OER) are regular fixtures at library conferences, and participation in formal and informal OER advocacy organizations, such as the Open Textbook Network (OTN) and SPARC Libraries and OER Forum, respectively, is growing rapidly.
Graph-Based Techniques for Visual Analytics of Scientific Data Sets

Transforming generic and powerful visual means into a visual interface for navigating and exploring scientific data sets requires a fully integrated pipeline of data transformation, representation, and visual mapping. This article presents TransGraph for time-varying data visualization and FlowGraph for flow field exploration. Both graph designs are hierarchical, enabling level-of-detail exploration of large scientific data in an adaptive manner.
Examining college students’ differential deviance: A partial test of social structure-social learning theory

College students are engaged in a variety of activities on campus, some of which are deviant and may be criminal. This research investigated 12 activities prohibited on many college campuses (for e...
Basic Statistics: Tools for Continuous Improvement

(1993). Basic Statistics: Tools for Continuous Improvement. Journal of Quality Technology: Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 151-152.
PhytoNumb3rs: An easy-to-use computer toolkit for counting microalgae by the Utermöhl method

Abstract Phytoplankton is recognised as a biological quality element and a biological descriptor in European Directives (WFD, MSFD) and several national laws. To determine the biodiversity and abundance of phytoplankton assemblages, the Utermohl method, using an inverted light microscope, is the most widely used. Nevertheless, the Utermohl method, standardised as UNI EN 15204 (2006), is time-consuming and labour intensive. We developed and tested PhytoNumb3rs, a tool for supporting microscope-based analysis of phytoplankton. PhytoNumb3rs is designed to make cell density calculation easier and to take account of qualitative and quantitative aspects regarding data precision, bias and method sensitivity. Specifically, it makes it possible to assess the performance characteristics of single analyses. PhytoNumb3rs is a user-friendly computing system based on a combination of Excel® spreadsheets. It allows the user to count phytoplankton cells, at various magnifications using various counting strategies, and to obtain the relative cell density, uncertainty and detection limit for each taxon. PhytoNumb3rs enables analysts to adopt a suitable counting strategy, run the analyses and easily perform all the steps associated with conventional microscope-based phytoplankton procedures (counting, data entry, computation, and data storage in a structured database). It allows the user to calculate the performance characteristics associated with the analytical results in accordance with UNI EN 15204 (2006) quality control procedures. Finally, it represents a useful tool for data harmonisation and data standardisation which in turn, are needed in order to increase the quality, comparability and accessibility of intra- and inter-laboratory data over time.
Klinische und EEG-Befunde bei elf Patienten mit insulären Epilepsien

Wir untersuchten die Anfallssemiologie und EEG-Befunde von elf Patienten mit insularen Epilepsien. Alle Patienten hatten Auren, funf hatten epigastrische Auren, vier „Kribbeln im ganzen Korper“, drei psychische, zwei somatosensible und einer komplex visuelle Auren. Die auf die Auren folgende Anfallssemiologie zeigte unterschiedliche Anfallsformen, es traten sieben psychomotorische, funf hypermotorische, zwei autonome Anfalle sowie drei fokal tonisch klonische Anfalle des kontralateralen Arms auf. Im interiktalen EEG fanden sich epilepsietypische Potentiale ipsilateral frontal bei vier, temporal mesial und lateral bei je zwei, zentroparietal und parietal bei je einem Patienten. Vier Patienten hatten keine epilepsietypische Aktivitat interiktal. Iktale Aktivitat trat ebenfalls ausschlieslich ipsilateral zur Lasion auf, temporal bei drei, frontotemporal und frontal bei je zwei, parietal, zentroparietal und diffus bei je einem Patienten. Acht von zehn Patienten zeigten wahrend der Auren keine Anfallsmuster.
Oxidation of Membrane Lipids and Functions of Oxylipins

The glycerolipids that make up the thylakoid bilayer contain exceptionally high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These fatty acids are very susceptible to oxidation, and the activated oxygen species generated as biproducts of photosynthesis will accelerate the initiation of peroxidation. Fortunately, the chloroplast is well protected from damage caused by fatty acid oxidation (as well as other oxidation reactions) by several antioxi-dant systems. Despite these systems, chemical peroxidation does occur — particularly after tissue damage from wounding or pathogen infection. The oxylipin compounds produced, including reactive electrophile species (RES), contribute to the induction of defense-gene expression and also act directly in defense against insects and microbes. Plants have evolved enzymatic pathways to facilitate the synthesis of particular oxylipin products, including several that are not synthesized by the chemical peroxidation reactions. The best known of these is the defense hormone, jasmonate, which acts through a specific signaling pathway to regulate plant responses. Jasmonate has additional roles in plant development and metabolic regulation. The recent discovery of a family of repressor proteins, the JAZ proteins that are targets of jasmonate signaling provide new tools to understand the mechanism of jasmonate action.
Specifying multimedia access control using RDF.

The Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) [Aya01] is an W3C [W3C03] specification for authoring multimedia documents. Although SMIL has XML like syntactic constructs, unlike XML, SMIL compositions have an intended semantics stemming from intuitive notions of playing out many media streams relative to each other. Although there are many excellent models for XML access control [DdVPS00, DdVPS02, BCF01, BCFM00, SF02, KH00, GB02, KW02, GF03], they do not respect the intended meaning of multimedia constructs. To remedy this, we propose a model for controlling accesses to SMIL documents by decorating them with appropriate RDF statements that respect these semantics. Using this model, we show how such documents can be fetched by secure runtimes from secure multimedia servers.
Import and export price trends in 2006

Import prices rose for the fifth consecutive year, and export prices experienced their largest increase in 18 years; the rise in corn and soybean prices led the increase in export prices, while the continued rise in costs for energy and metals influenced overall increases in both the import and export price indexes
Subjective Cognitive Decline Correlates With Depression Symptoms and Not With Concurrent Objective Cognition in a Clinic-Based Sample of Older Adults.

Objectives Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is common in older adults; however, its utility in clinic-based samples remains controversial given its strong associations with mood symptoms. Methods Five hundred nineteen individuals aged 60-95 with a wide range of cognitive performance scores were referred by community health clinics for brief screening of cognitive complaints. Linear regression models examined the cross-sectional associations between SCD (5-item self-reported questions), symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]), and concurrent objective cognitive performance (Cognitive Composite) adjusting for demographics. Results There was not a significant association between SCD and concurrent objective cognition after adjusting for demographics and depression. In contrast, there was a significant association between SCD and depression after adjusting for demographics and objective cognition. There was also a consistent association between SCD and depression, but not between SCD and objective cognition, in those with high and low levels of SCD reporting, in all ranges of cognitive performance, and in those with mild to moderate depression. Discussion Results are consistent with previous findings and suggest that SCD does not accurately reflect concurrent cognitive performance in a clinic-based sample of older adults. Clinical interpretation of SCD should account for the role of depression.
CS-09 Contraceptive documentation in systemic lupus erythematosus patients at a safety net hospital

Background Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) predominately affects reproductive aged women. Contraceptive counseling is an important quality indicator in SLE patient care. Here we evaluate current practice in the documentation of contraceptive use amongst reproductive aged women with SLE cared for at a large safety net hospital. Methods Using ICD 10 codes for SLE (M32, M320, M321, M328, M329), we identified reproductive aged (ages 16–50) female SLE patients, who presented to the outpatient rheumatology clinic at Parkland Hospital between 07/01/17 and 10/31/17. We performed a retrospective chart review of the documentation of contraception use. We also assessed medication use including potential teratogenic medications. Results Among 112 clinic encounters, contraceptive use was documented in 60% of encounters. Amongst those women prescribed a potentially teratogenic medication, documentation of contraception was present in 68% of clinic notes. In our patient population, the most commonly prescribed potentially teratogenic medication was mycophenolate mofetil followed by methotrexate. The average age of women who were on potentially teratogenic medicine and had documented contraception was younger (mean 31, SD 7.2) than those in whom contraception was not documented (mean 38, SD 8.6). Greater than 50% of those patients on potentially teratogenic medicine used less reliable contraceptive methods: abstinence or condoms. Providers rarely documented other information in regard to reproductive health such as pregnancy planning and the desire to have children. Conclusions Contraceptive use documentation amongst reproductive aged women with SLE in a safety net hospital is often lacking even amongst those on potentially teratogenic medication. Documentation of contraception is more common in younger women. Identifying barriers to contraceptive use documentation and implementing interventions to facilitate documentation is a future goal.
Territorial claims, territorial attachment, and political tolerance: evidence from India

The main goal of this paper is to further our understanding about the relationship between territorial conflict and political tolerance. Previous studies have demonstrated that external territorial...
Error Estimation for the Particle Filter

The particle filter is a popular algorithm for solving the state-space problem for its easy implement. Many previous studies have been conducted to study the asymptotical behavior of particle filters. In our previous works, we divided the error of particle filter into two parts. By using Lindeberg’s central limit theorem, we showed that one of them is asymptotically normal. However, it’s hard to estimate the covariance matrix of it’s converged distribution. This paper aims at giving a computable estimator for the covariance matrix.
Moving away from opportunity? Social networks and access to social services:

Strong social connections often deter residential mobility beyond reach of the social network. A missing link in the body of research on this subject is the significance of the role of social netwo...
New locality information for fifteen Philippine mosses (Bryophyta) from Luzon and Mindanao islands with one new record

One new record and new locality information for fifteen species of Philippine mosses are reported for Luzon and Mindanao islands. Of these Physcomitrium eurystomum Sendtn. and Syrrhopodon prolifer var. albidus Schwagr. are new records for Luzon island. The former taxon is also new for the Philippines. The remaining taxa: Barbella convolvens (Mitt.) Broth., Chaetomitrium pseudoelongatum Broth., Clastobryum caudatum, M. Fleisch., Distichophyllum osterwaldii, M. Fleisch., D. tortile Dozy & Molk. ex Bosch & Sande Lac., Gemmabryum exile (Dozy & Molk.) J.R. Spence & H.P. Ramsay, Macrothamnium hylocomioides M. Fleisch., Meteoriella soluta (Mitt.) S. Okamura, Plagiomnium integrum (Bosch & Sande Lac.) T. J. Kop., Racomitrium subsecundum (Hook. & Grev.) Mitt. & Wilson, Rhamphidium dixonii E.B. Bartram, Schlotheimia mac-gregorii Brroth. & Geh., Scopelophila cataractae (Mitt.) Broth., and Taxithelium planissimum Broth. are new records for Mindanao island.
To tPA or Not to tPA: Two Medical-Legal Misadventures of Diagnosing a Cerebrovascular Accident as a Stroke Mimic

We present two recent successfully litigated malpractice cases in which patients with cerebrovascular accidents were misdiagnosed as stroke mimics. The first was diagnosed as a hemiplegic migraine, which occurs in only 0.01% of the population. The second was diagnosed as a conversion disorder, which ultimately has a neurologic etiology in 4% of cases. In both cases, issues of poor patient communication and poor documentation were paramount in the legal outcome. We discuss caveats of stroke mimics, tissue plasminogen activator administration liability, and pitfalls in patient and family interactions.
Nonreciprocal acoustic propagation and leaky-wave radiation in a waveguide with flow

Isolators, devices with unidirectional wave transmission, are integral components in computing networks, enabling a one-way division of a large system into independent subunits. Isolators are created by breaking the inversion symmetry between a source and a receiver, known as reciprocity. In acoustics, a steady flow of the background medium in which sound travels can break reciprocity, but significant isolation is typically achieved only for large, often impractical speeds. This article proposes acoustic isolator designs enabled by duct flow that do not require large flow velocities. A basic isolator design is simulated based on the acoustic analogue of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, with monomodal entry and exit ports. The simulated device footprint is then reduced by using bimodal ports. Further, a nonuniform velocity profile combined with a grating to induce phononic transitions is considered, which, combined with filters, can provide significant isolation. By coupling a waveguide with flow to free space through an array of small apertures, largely nonreciprocal leaky-wave radiation is demonstrated, breaking the symmetry between reception and transmission patterns of an acoustic linear aperture array. These investigations open interesting pathways towards efficient acoustic isolation, which may be translated into integrated acoustic and surface acoustic waves, as well as phononic technology.
Stress-Induced Shock: Favorable Outcomes With Mechanical Circulatory Support.

Mohammedzein et al. [(1)][1] describe the clinical case of a 90-year-old female patient who suffered cardiogenic shock (CS) secondary to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The patient had ejection fraction (EF) of 20% to 25% and a left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient of 100 mm Hg with systolic
Improving Surgical Start Times by Improving Wayfinding

Abstract Purpose This performance improvement project was undertaken to reduce costly delays in first-case, operating room (OR) start times. Design Two Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) cycles. Methods In PDSA 1, student nurses observed 30 patients' paths of travel from hospital entrance to OR and documented time spent at key stopping points. Directional signs were placed after PDSA 1. PDSA 2 consisted of an electronic medical record (EMR) review of pre- and postsignage cases (n = 492 and n = 538 respectively). Findings In the initial PDSA cycle (n = 30), one reason for delay was the time patients spent finding the preoperative area (POA). Signage was placed at strategic points noted to confuse patients. PDSA cycle 2 found median presignage POA arrival times (34 minutes) were significantly higher than postsignage POA arrival times (20 minutes) (U = 51,618.0, z = −16.934, P Conclusions Delayed wayfinding contributed to delayed OR starts but improved with appropriate signage.
Facial emotion recognition and mood symptom course in young adults with childhood-onset bipolar disorder.

Facial emotion recognition deficits are common in bipolar disorder (BD) and associated with impairment. However, the relationship between facial emotion recognition and mood course is not well understood. This study examined facial emotion recognition and subsequent mood symptoms in young adults with childhood-onset BD versus typically developing controls (TDCs). The sample included 116 young adults (ages 18–30, 58% male, 78% White) with prospectively verified childhood-onset BD (n = 52) and TDCs (n = 64). At baseline, participants completed a facial emotion recognition task (Diagnostic Analysis of Non-Verbal Accuracy-2) and clinical measures. Then, participants with BD completed mood symptom assessments every 6 months (M = 8.7 ± 5.2 months) over two years. Analyses included independent-samples t tests and mixed-effects regression models. Participants with BD made significantly more recognition errors for child expressions than TDCs. There were no significant between-group differences for recognition errors for adult expressions, or errors for specific child or adult emotional expressions. Participants had moderate baseline mood symptoms. Significant time-by-facial emotion recognition interactions revealed more recognition errors for child emotional expressions predicted lower baseline mania and stable/consistent trajectory; fewer recognition errors for child expressions predicted higher baseline mania and decreasing trajectory. In addition, more recognition errors for adult sad expressions predicted stable/consistent depression trajectory and decreasing mania; fewer recognition errors for adult sad expressions predicted decreasing depression trajectory and stable/consistent mania. Effects remained when controlling for baseline demographics and clinical variables. Facial emotion recognition may be an important brain/behavior mechanism, prognostic indicator, and intervention target for childhood-onset BD, which endures into young adulthood and is associated with mood trajectory.
Investigating a Substance Abuse Screening in a Trauma Setting.

INTRODUCTION Drug and alcohol consumption are often associated with trauma-related injuries. Various studies have been conducted which have shown the benefits of screening and brief intervention (SBI) tools for alcohol consumption. Despite their success, there are few SBI tools utilized for substance use and minimal reports of computerized versions. We hypothesized that a computerized SBI tool for drug use would be effective at identifying patients at risk of substance abuse in a trauma setting. METHODS This was a prospective evaluation of a computerized alcohol and drug screening and brief intervention survey derived from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The survey was given to all eligible trauma patients at UCI's Level 1 trauma facility between February 2019 and March 2020. Based on self-reported answers, a substance involvement (SI) score was generated which classified a patient's drug abuse risk as none (0), low (1-3), moderate (4-26), or high (27+). Statistical tests were then used to examine associations between demographic variables and risk categorization. RESULTS A total of 1801 patients completed the entire survey. Of those, 346 (19.3%) patients reported use of illicit drugs: 10 for non-medical prescription use (.6%), 308 (17.1%) for non-prescription drug use, and 28 (1.6%) for both. Secondary analysis revealed a greater number of males were eligible for further SI assessment (25.1% vs 11.0%, P 85 years old (37.0% vs .5%, P < .001). In contrast to the self-reported data, there was an overall positive rate of toxicology of 48.51%. CONCLUSION The analysis shows that the electronic survey identifies patients at risk of drug abuse, allowing for real-time intervention. Furthermore, it is granular enough to specify at-risk groups. However, a lower self-reported rate, as expected, was elucidated. Further studies to evaluate for improved screening and targeted intervention are warranted.
The changing retail landscape for tobacco: dollar stores and the availability of cheap cigarettes among tobacco-related priority populations

Introduction Dollar stores are rapidly altering the retail landscape for tobacco. Two of the three largest chains sell tobacco products in more than 24 000 stores across the USA. We sought to examine whether dollar stores are more likely to be located in disadvantaged neighbourhoods and whether dollar stores charge less for cigarettes than other tobacco retailers. Methods Data were collected from a statewide random sample of licensed tobacco retailers in California (n=7678) in 2019. Logistic regression modelled odds of a census tract containing at least one dollar store as a function of tract demographics. Linear mixed models compared price of the cheapest cigarette pack by store type, controlling for tract demographics. Results Census tracts with lower median household income, rural status and higher proportions of school-age youth were more likely to contain at least one dollar store. The cheapest cigarette pack cost less in dollar stores compared with all store types examined except tobacco shops. Estimated price differences ranged from $0.32 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.51) more in liquor stores and $0.39 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.57) more in convenience stores, to $0.82 (95% CI: 0.64 to 1.01) more in small markets and $1.86 (95% CI: 1.61 to 2.11) more in stores classified as ‘other’. Conclusions Dollar stores may exacerbate smoking-related inequities by contributing to the availability of cheaper cigarettes in neighbourhoods that are lower income, rural and have greater proportions of youth. Pro-equity retail policies, such as minimum price laws and density reduction policies, could mitigate the health consequences of dollar stores’ rapid expansion.
Democratizing Inequalities: Dilemmas of the New Public Participation

Contents Part II Participation and the Reproduction of Inequality 2 Civic-izing Markets: Selling Social Profits in Public Deliberation 27 3 Workers' Rights as Human Rights? Solidarity Campaigns and the Anti-Sweatshop Movement 46 4 Legitimating the Corporation through Public Participation 66 Part III The Production of Authority and Legitimacy 5 No Contest: Participatory Technologies and the Transformation of Urban Authority 83 6 The Fiscal Sociology of Public Consultation 102 7 Structuring Electoral Participation: The Formalization of Democratic New Media Campaigning, 2000 - 2008 125 8 Patient, Parent, Advocate, Investor: Entrepreneurial Health Activism from Research to Reimbursement 143 Part IV Unintended Consequences and New Opportunities 9 Spirals of Perpetual Potential: How Empowerment Projects' Noble Missions Tangle in Everyday Interaction 165 10 Becoming a Best Practice: Neoliberalism and the Curious Case of Participatory Budgeting 187 11 The Social Movement Society, the Tea Party, and the Democratic Deficit 204 12 Public Deliberation and Political Contention 222 Part V Conclusion 13 Realizing the Promise of Public Participation in an Age of Inequality 247
Environment-A ware Trusted Data Delivery in Multipath Wireless Protocols

Current multipath protocols for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks (MWNs) use hop-count as the default route selection criteria. Route selection should also consider network and link conditions. We propose a network-environment-aware trust-based route selection framework for MWNs that makes informed and adaptive route-selection decisions. A node quantifies trust values for its neighboring nodes and for the routes that pass through it. The trust metric adjusts to varying network conditions and quick convergence of the protocol implies it works well in mobility scenarios. Glomosim simulations demonstrate throughput improvement over conventional multipath protocols under congestion, link failure and route unreliability scenarios.
The Essential Guide to Telecommunications

Your complete, up-to-the-minute telecom/Internet briefing! Whatever your role in telecom or Internet services, you'll be more effective if you understand the basics of telecommunications technology and the realities of the fast-changing telecom business. With The Essential Guide to Telecommunications, Second Edition, you will get this understanding-even if you have no technical background at all. In this book, leading consultant Annabel Z. Dodd teaches you everything you must know to understand the telecommunications industry. You'll find up-to-the-minute coverage of today's hottest technologies, including: Convergence: what it means, what to expect, and how to see through the hype Revolutionary new IP networking applications: telephony, virtual private networks, streaming media, call centers, PBXs, and beyond High-speed Internet access alternatives: cable modems, DSL, and more Frame relay, ATM, ISDN, wireless and other business communications alternatives Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM): the new revolution in fiber optics Dodd presents crystal-clear explanations of the fundamentals everyone in the business assumes you know: what bandwidth is, types of digital cellular services, what multiplexing and compression are, the differences between analog and digital, the role of the public network, the evolution of the Internet, and much more. Most important, she offers crucial insights into the fast-changing competitive landscape, including local competition, Internet access and the impact of new technologies. The Essential Guide to Telecommunications, Second Edition provides an easy to read, comprehensive understanding of what's hot in the telecommunications industry.
Dental insurance and dental service use by U.S. women of childbearing age

Objectives: Oral health has a significant effect on health, and for women, poor oral health can lead to poor birth outcomes and can affect their child's health. Nursing interventions to improve the oral health of at-risk women have the potential to increase maternal and child systemic and oral health. The identification of women at a high risk for poor oral health is a necessary to develop and evaluate these interventions. Design and Sample: This study examined the factors related to dental insurance and dental service use for women of childbearing age in the United States. A secondary analysis of the 2003–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was completed to examine the predisposing, enabling, and need variables associated with dental insurance status and dental service use in a representative random sample of 1,071 women. Results: The results showed that over 40% of women had no dental insurance. Women with less education, lower income, and dental need were significantly less likely to have dental insurance. Dental utilization by the uninsured was low and a racial/ethnic disparity was noted. Conclusion: A lack of dental insurance and dental service utilization is a significant concern. Nurses working with low-income women should educate the population about oral health and advocate for policies to increase dental insurance coverage.
Opiates Stimulate Low Km GTPase in Brain

Low Km GTP hydrolysis in rat brain is stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner by the opiate alkaloid etorphine, and by the opioid peptide D-Ala2-leucine-enkephalinamide. The opiate antagonist naloxone inhibits the maximal D-Ala2-leucine-enkephalinamide stimulation of the GTPase, also with concentration dependency. The magnitude of maximally stimulated, opioid-sensitive, GTP hydrolysis is differentially distributed across brain regions. Opioid-stimulated GTPase may represent one means of identifying a specific type of opioid receptor.
Molecular basis of lymphoid and myeloid diseases

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the molecular basis of lymphoid and myeloid diseases. Disorders of lymphocytes include deficiency of lymphocytes (lymphopenia) and over proliferation of lymphocytes. Over proliferation of lymphocytes is due to either reactive proliferation of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) or to neoplastic problems. On the other hand, myeloid disorders include anemia, neutropenia, and Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS). Anemia is a condition in which the blood contains a lower than normal number of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) or RBCs that do not contain enough hemoglobin. Neutropenia may occur as chronic idiopathic neutropenia or severe congenital neutropenia. Chronic idiopathic neutropenia is defined as any RBC destruction. MDS are diagnosed at a rate of 3.6/100,000 people in the United States. It occurs primarily in older patients (>60 years), but occasionally in younger patients. Anemia, bleeding, easy bruising, and fatigue are common and splenomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly may occasionally be present. The MDS are characterized by abnormal bone marrow and blood cell morphology. It is classified according to cellular morphology, etiology, and clinical features. The morphological classification is largely based on percent myeloblasts in the bone marrow and blood, the type of myeloid dysplasia, and the presence of ringed side-roblasts. Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases have features of both myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders. The three main types of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases are Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML), Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML), and Atypical Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (aCML).
The preclinical pharmacology of WP1066, a potent small molecule inhibitor of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway

4853 The Stat3 pathway, constitutively activated in many cancers, is associated with the regulation of many survival proteins including survivin, Mcl-1, and the Bcl family. Inhibition of Stat3 signaling leads to an inhibition of cancer cell growth and to the induction of apoptosis. A number of attempts have been made to abrogate Stat3 activity, including the use of ligands to inhibit upstream signaling events or silencing Stat3 with oligonucleotides, none of which have been successful in vivo. We report here on the first potent small molecule inhibitor of Stat3 with demonstrated in vivo activity. Studies of WP1066 in our laboratories demonstrated proapoptotic and antiproliferative activity at concentrations of 3-5 μM, in vitro, in a variety of tumor cell types. In order to determine the utility of this compound in vivo we examined the tissue stability, pharmacokinetics, drug distribution, and bioavailability in CD1 mice. Briefly, animals (10 per timepoint) were administered WP1066 (10 and 40 mg/kg) as an IV bolus and sacrificed at various out to 24 hours post-dose. Tissues were harvested and following extraction analyzed for WP1066 content using tandem LC/MS. In vitro studies were also conducted to determine the overall stability of this molecule in rodent plasma. For oral bioavailability studies animals were dosed by gavage with 40 mg/kg and samples obtained over the same 24 hour period. The mean achieved peak plasma concentrations following 10 and 40 mg/kg IV doses were 1.05 and 4.31 μM respectively. Mean drug half life was 4.5 hours and terminal concentrations measured at 12 and 18 hours were 0.03 and 0.13 μM, at the low and high doses, respectively. Tissue stability studies demonstrated an in vitro plasma half-life of 2.6 hrs. Preliminary oral bioavailability studies yielded mean peak plasma concentrations of > 1 μM and an estimated bioavailability of 0.2. Studies of U87 tumor bearing mice given drug by IV bolus demonstrated an accumulation of WP1066 in tumor tissue many fold greater than the simultaneously measured plasma concentration. These studies coupled with our in vivo efficacy studies indicate that WP1066 is the first small molecule inhibitor of Stat3 capable of achieving and maintaining tissue concentrations associated with drug activity in vivo.
Swirl effects on mixing and flame evolution in a research DI diesel engine

An optically accessible, DI diesel engine was used to investigate the effect of swirl on fuel-air mixing and flame evolution. Quiescent and swirling conditions were studied at three different fuel-air ratios at an engine speed of 900 RPM. For the mixing studies, performed with nitrogen to prevent combustion, a mirrored piston was used to permit double pass shadowgraph imaging within the combustion chamber. high speed shadowgraph cincematography, using an Argon ion laser, yielded insight into the temporal evolution of the fuel jet and permitted the calculation of penetration speeds and area of the fuel jet as a function of time. With swirl, the penetration rate of the fuel jets was reduced, and the area of the over which fuel was observed increased by 25 percent. Combustion phenomena were studied using backlighting so that the spray and visible light from combustion could be recorded on high speed video. For the combustion studies, the engine was configured to permit the entire combustion volume, including the squish region, to be observed. The evolution of the fuel jets and the visible flame in the combustion chamber were significantly altered by swirl in manners which were consistent with the mixing effects observed in the shadowgraphmore » study. With swirl, the emergence of the visible flame into the squish region was slower and its maximum radius was reduced by approximately fifteen percent compared to the quiescent condition at the same fuel-air ratio.« less
Momentum Distributions in Liquid Helium

Helium is unique among the elements in that it remains liquid even at T=0 due to its light mass and weak attractive interactions. Consequently, the zero point motion is very large and the atomic wavefunctions of the helium atoms have a large overlap. This leads to many interesting properties in the liquid that depend on the quantum mechanical statistics of the particles. For example, the superfluid properties of liquid 4He are a consequence of the Bose statistics obeyed by 4He atoms. Alternately, the Fermi liquid behavior and the low temperature superfluid phase of liquid 3He are a direct consequence of the Fermi statistics obeyed by 3He atoms.
Autonomous power subsystem design for an outer planet spacecraft

This paper describes the overall design of the Thermoelectric Outer Planet Spacecraft (TOPS) power subsystem. It discusses the implementation of spacecraft requirements into a fault-tolerant design in which an on-board self-test and repair computer is utilized to provide autonomous operation. Development of a protected bus concept is discussed whereby electrical power supplied to essential spacecraft loads is maintained in the event of major on-board power blackouts. Particular attention is given to describing the interfaces and operation of the power subsystem with the spacecraft control computer subsystem. Autonomous power management operations are discussed where the on-board computer adjusts the spacecraft load demand to provide maximum utilization of source power for a given mission mode.
Control with Distributed Sensing and Processing

This paper summarizes a design procedure for control systems that use distributed sensing and processing. The procedure is applied to the problem of damping vibrations of a simply supported beam.
Dependability analysis of a fault-tolerant processor

Advances in semiconductor technology have improved the performance of integrated circuits, in general, and microprocessors, in particular, at a dazzling pace. Although, smaller transistor dimensions, lower power voltages and higher operating frequencies have significantly increased the circuit sensitivity to transient and intermittent faults. In this paper we present the architecture of a fault-tolerant processor and analyze its dependability with the aid of a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) model. The effect of transient and intermittent faults is evaluated. It is concluded that fault tolerance mechanisms, usually employed by custom designed systems, have to be integrated into commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices, in order to mitigate the impact of higher rates of occurrence of the transient and intermittent faults.
Antimicrobial Evaluation of 1-Methyl-3-Nitro-1-Nitrosoguanidine

1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine was shown to have in vitro antimicrobial activity against fungi and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; it was also shown to have in vivo activity in mice experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli comparable to that observed with penicillin or streptomycin sulfate.
Positron tomography of breast cancer in a community hospital: A case study of advanced disease using a coincidence gamma camera

Until recently PET scanning has been available only at major universities or teaching hospitals possessing the necessary resources and expertise to operate a research PET facility. Most dedicated PET centers cost several millions of dollars, and include a cyclotron, a radiochemistry laboratory to synthesize PET radiopharmaceuticals, a multicrystal dedicated PET camera, advanced computer facilities and a staff of many researchers, radiochemists, physicists, computer programmers, physicians and technologists. Because of the extensive staff requirements, operating costs have also been in the millions of dollars, and as a result, Canada has only a handful of PET centers.
Experimental pressure solution of Halite by an indenter technique

An indenter technique is used to study pressure solution of halite immersed in brine. Two types of dissolution features are observed involving dissolution around or under the indenter: (1) free-face pressure solution driven by elastic and plastic strain energy; and (2) water-film diffusion controlled by normal stress. These different types of dissolution features are related to changes in the initial saturation of the brine. Free-face pressure solution is only observed at slightly undersaturated initial conditions. Under fully saturated conditions, a linear relation of displacement rate versus stress is obtained confirming that the major driving force is the normal stress. However, both types of pressure solution mechanisms (and the associated pressure solution creep laws) can be expected to occur in natural deformation as various conditions of temperature, pressure and fluid composition change during progressive deformation.
Conditioned placebo dose reduction: a new treatment in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder?

ABSTRACT:Objective:This study examined if pairing a placebo with stimulant medication produces a placebo response that allows children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to be maintained on a lower dose of stimulant medication. The primary aim was to determine the efficacy, side ef
The effects of annotated web documents, using context highlighting, on quiz performance and preparation time

Highlighting is an annotation method frequently used to indicate importance. This document introduces context highlighting of web documents and demonstrates that passive readers may benefit from summaries produced by context/keyword highlighting. HighBrow, a prototype browser developed to enable active readers to create context/keyword summaries from web documents, is introduced. This document provides the results of an experiment using three groups of passive readers: the first group reading an entire document; the second group reading a context/keyword summary provided by HighBrow; and the third group reading a keyword only summary (provided by a modified version of HighBrow). The experiment was developed to measure quiz performance, preparation time, and efficiency (quiz score divided by time).
A high-order incompressible flow solver with WENO

A numerical method for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with a 5th-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme is presented. The method is not based on artificial compressibility and is free of tunable parameters such as the artificial compressibility parameter. The method makes use of the fractional-step method in conjunction with the low-dissipation and low-dispersion Runge-Kutta (LDDRK) scheme to improve temporal accuracy of the scheme. The use of a WENO scheme makes it possible to obtain stable solutions for discontinuous initial data and resolve difficult applications with strong shear such as Kelvin-Helmholtz instability or turbulence. Good convergence rate is established for the velocity variables and numerical solutions of the present method compare well with exact solutions and other numerical results.