cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Aurora Kinase A-YBX1 Synergy Fuels Aggressive Oncogenic Phenotypes and Chemoresistance in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Multifunctional protein YBX1 upregulation promotes castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, YBX1 protein abundance, but not its DNA status or mRNA levels, predicts CRPC recurrence, although the mechanism remains unknown. Similarly, the mechanism by which YBX1 regulates androgen receptor (AR) signaling remains unclear. We uncovered the first molecular mechanism of YBX1 upregulation at a post-translational level. YBX1 was identified as an Aurora Kinase-A (AURKA) substrate using a chemical screen. AURKA phosphorylates YBX1 at two key residues, which stabilizes it and promotes its nuclear translocation. YBX1 reciprocates and stabilizes AURKA, thereby initiating a synergistic loop. Notably, phospho-resistant YBX1 is dominant-negative and fully inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition, chemoresistance, drug-resistance and tumorigenesis in vivo. Unexpectedly, we further observed that YBX1 upregulates AR post-translationally by preventing its ubiquitylation, but not by increasing its transcription as reported before. Uncovering YBX1-mediated AR stabilization is highly significant due to AR’s critical role in both androgen-sensitive prostate cancer and CRPC. As YBX1 inhibitors are unknown, AURKA inhibitors provide a potent tool to degrade both YBX1 and AR simultaneously. Finally, this is the first study to show a reciprocal loop between YBX1 and its kinase, indicating that their concomitant inhibition will be act synergistically for CRPC therapy.
Size distribution and lung deposition of particle mass generated by indoor activities

Particle inhalation is associated with adverse respiratory outcomes including death. Particle deposition in the respiratory tract and therefore the type and severity of health outcomes depend on si...
Constrained Differential Games for Secure Decision-Making Against Stealthy Attacks.

The problem of defending cyber-physical systems in noisy environments under malicious, stealthy actuator attacks, is considered. Both the attacker and the defender compute their open-loop policies iteratively over a predefined period. Due to the information asymmetry between the players, their decisions are derived through two separate constrained differential games. In finding optimal strategies, Pontryagin's minimum principle is employed to obtain the defense policy that optimizes the system performance and the attack policy that manipulates the future evolution of the system while optimally exploiting the information asymmetry present in the game.
Divided Parents, Shared ChildrenConflicting Approaches to Relocation Disputes in the USA

Custody relocation disputes pose intractable dilemmas for courts in a highly mobile society. The custodial parent, most often a woman, seeks self-determination, freedom of movement and a continued custodial relationship with the child. The non-custodial parent seeks to preserve a geographically close relationship with the child. Courts must identify the best interests of the children amidst these multiple and conflicting interests. They make decisions that may determine the course of custodial parents lives, affecting remarriage, employment, education, and proximity to family. A narrow doctrinal focus on children's best interests ignores these key aspects of relocation disputes. This article examines the varied legislative and judicial approaches to relocation disputes in the US and proposed principles for resolution of these disputes. It reviews scholarship analyzing relocation disputes from a wide range of perspectives, including: conflicting social science research; competing ideologies of the post-divorce family; alternative dispute resolution; parents' constitutional rights; domestic violence victims; and proposals to eliminate geographic presumptions and remedy the economic effect of restraints on relocation. Relocation doctrine in the US should be realigned to address these complex perspectives. States should also assist post-divorce families to support children through the common experience of relocation.
Measuring the Optical Properties of Ionization Gratings in Air for Control of Femtosecond Lasers

Interference between crossed femtosecond lasers can drive spatially varying ionization, producing a high-flux plasma optic. We measure the plasma and optical properties of an ionization grating in air as it redirects a millijoule-scale probe beam.
Novel Strategies for Evaluating and Improving Plastic Surgery Applicant Selection.

SUMMARY Residency applicant evaluation and selection is a critical part of developing and maintaining a high-quality plastic surgery residency program. Currently, many programs rely on objective measures such as the United States Medical Licensing Exam scores, number of research publications, grade point average, Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society status, or a combination of these objective metrics. However, there is a growing body of literature suggesting that the current means of residency applicant evaluation and selection may not be the best predictive factors of future resident success. The aim of this study was to identify nontraditional means of evaluating plastic surgery residency candidates and discuss how these means have been implemented at the authors' institution. After reviewing industry hiring practices, the authors propose that standardized interviewing and personality testing can help evaluate some of the previously intangible parts of an applicant that may play a role in teamwork, commitment, and dedication to patient care.
A New Cartographer: Rabih Alameddine and An Unnecessary Woman

Rabih Alameddine does not write but traces a peculiar map on which all is arrayed as a series of bodies: body organic, body textual, body sexual, body city. Surveying the various faces of the outside, Alameddine’s narrator, Aaliya Saleh, walks through the streets of Beirut as much as she walks through texts. Beirut’s geographical space actualizes itself in an immanent movement just as if the place took shape at the very moment of the body’s approach. The streets and the alleys of Beirut move so that a whole cartography has to be redrawn. Alameddine presents another map, a different cartography of thought and writing: Alameddine offers a subterranean dimension in which the act of writing is other in the sense that it is in itself resistance to the external world.
Coenzyme Q10 for Heart Failure.

In patients with chronic heart failure, supplementation with coenzyme Q10 may reduce all-cause mortality. Adverse effects are generally mild and may be only slightly increased with coenzyme Q10 supplementation.
Agent-based modeling of porous scaffold degradation and vascularization: Optimal scaffold design based on architecture and degradation dynamics

Abstract A multi-layer agent-based model (ABM) of biomaterial scaffold vascularization is extended to consider the effects of scaffold degradation kinetics on blood vessel formation. A degradation model describing the bulk disintegration of porous hydrogels is incorporated into the ABM. The combined degradation-angiogenesis model is used to investigate growing blood vessel networks in the presence of a degradable scaffold structure. Simulation results indicate that higher porosity, larger mean pore size, and rapid degradation allow faster vascularization when not considering the structural support of the scaffold. However, premature loss of structural support results in failure for the material. A strategy using multi-layer scaffold with different degradation rates in each layer was investigated as a way to address this issue. Vascularization was improved with the multi-layered scaffold model compared to the single-layer model. The ABM developed provides insight into the characteristics that influence the selection of optimal geometric parameters and degradation behavior of scaffolds, and enables easy refinement of the model as new knowledge about the underlying biological phenomena becomes available. Statement of significance This paper proposes a multi-layer agent-based model (ABM) of biomaterial scaffold vascularization integrated with a structural-kinetic model describing bulk degradation of porous hydrogels to consider the effects of scaffold degradation kinetics on blood vessel formation. This enables the assessment of scaffold characteristics and in particular the disintegration characteristics of the scaffold on angiognesis. Simulation results indicate that higher porosity, larger mean pore size, and rapid degradation allow faster vascularization when not considering the structural support of the scaffold. However, premature loss of structural support by scaffold disintegration results in failure of the material and disruption of angiogenesis. A strategy using multi-layer scaffold with different degradation rates in each layer was investigated as away to address this issue. Vascularization was improved with the multi-layered scaffold model compared to the single-layer model. The ABM developed provides insight into the characteristics that influence the selection of optimal geometric and degradation characteristics of tissue engineering scaffolds.
METABOLIC ALTERATIONS AFTER TOTAL-BODY DOSES OF X-IRRADIATION. THE EFFECTS OF X-IRRADIATION ON RAPIDLY LABELED RNA.

Abstract The rapidly labeled RNA fraction was extracted from 24-hour regenerating livers of partially hepatectomized rats. The profiles of optical density and radioactivity of the RNA obtained from nonirradiated animals were compared with those obtained from animals receiving 600, 1000, and 1500 roentgens of whole-body irradiation 6 hours prior to sacrifice. The results demonstrate that X-irradiation interferes with the incorporation of orotic acid-C 14 into the rapidly labeled RNA. These findings were correlated with the effect of X-irradiation on the biosynthesis of thymidylic kinase and DNA polymerase.
Green Infrastructure for Landscape Planning: Integrating Human and Natural Systems

Green infrastructure integrates human and natural systems through a network of corridors and spaces in mixed-use and urban settings. Austin takes a broad look at green infrastructure concepts, research and case studies to provide the student and professional with processes, criteria and data to support planning, design and implementation. Key topics of the book include: The benefits of green infrastructure as a conservation and planning tool Requirements of ecosystem health Green infrastructure ecosystem services that contribute to human physical and psychological health Planning processes leading to robust green infrastructure networks Design of green infrastructure elements for multiple uses. The concept of ecosystem services is extensively developed in this book, including biological treatment of stormwater and wastewater, opportunities for recreation, urban agriculture and emersion in a naturalistic setting. It defines planning and design processes as well as the political and economic facets of envisioning, funding and implementing green infrastructure networks. The book differs from others on the market by presenting the technical issues, requirements and performance of green infrastructure elements, along with the more traditional recreation and wildlife needs associated with greenway planning, providing information derived from environmental engineering to guide planners and landscape architects.
Abstract P3-07-07: Familial risk of breast density in extended Utah pedigrees

Background: Mammographic breast density (MBD) and family history are consistently associated with breast cancer risk, and breast density may account for a proportion of susceptibility to this disease. MBD has been shown to correlate in small cohort studies of twins and siblings. However, MBD has not been studied on a large scale in multi-generation families. We investigated the familial relative risk of MBD in the Utah population, as clustering of breast density in extended relatives may provide evidence for the role of genetics in breast density and inform screening recommendations. Methods: Using the Utah Population Database (UPDB), an extensive genealogical database linked to medical records) we identified 189,812 women ages 35-85 with pedigree information, who underwent digital mammography between 2005-2012, with no history of breast/ovarian cancer and no indication of tamoxifen/aromatase inhibitor use. Individuals with unusually frequent screening (>1/yr) or with inconsistent MBD assessments were not included. Subjects were categorized according to Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®) composition classification at index mammogram available in radiology records of Intermountain Healthcare and University of Utah Healthcare systems, representing the majority of mammograms in Utah, as: (I) 0-25% fibroglandular densities (mostly fat); (II) 26-50% fibroglandular (scattered densities); (III) 51-75% fibroglandular (heterogeneously dense); or, (IV) >75% fibroglandular densities (extremely dense). Familial recurrence risks of MBD classification and breast cancer were estimated using Cox regression models in relatives (mothers, daughters, and sisters or 1st-degree; aunts, nieces, grandmothers, and granddaughters or 2nd-degree; first- and second-cousins) of probands classified as BI-RADS I (N=18,170) or BI-RADS IV (N=11,787), compared to those in the most common classifications, BI-RADS II (N=79,825) and III (N=80,030) combined. Women in the comparison group were randomly selected and matched 5:1 to probands on birth year. Results: Relatives of women with a history of extremely dense breasts (BI-RADS IV) were at increased relative risk (RR) of extremely dense breasts compared to women in BI-RADS II/III: 1st-degree, RR=2.3 (95%CI 2.0-2.7, P Conclusions: BI-RADS composition categories available from radiology records in the UPDB appear to be useful in assessing familial risk of MBD at the population level. Our results may inform screening guidelines in more distant as well as close relatives of women with a history of extremely dense breasts, whose families may be more susceptible to breast cancer. Citation Format: Karen Curtin, Leigh Neumayer, Matthew B Morgan, Matthew A Stein, Nicola J Camp, Geraldine P Mineau, Kerry G Rowe, Saundra S Buys. Familial risk of breast density in extended Utah pedigrees [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-07.
Implementation and performance of GaAs digital signal processing ASICs

The feasibility of performing high speed digital signal processing in GaAs gate array technology has been demonstrated with the successful implementation of a VLSI communications chip set for NASA's Deep Space Network. The techniques developed to solve some of the technology and implementation problems associated with large scale integration of GaAs gate arrays are described. >
The Seiberg-Witten theory of homology 3-spheres

In this thesis we study the Seiberg-Witten theory of an oriented homology 3-sphere. The goal is to extract topological invariants - the Seiberg-Witten invariants - by counting the solutions to the Seiberg-Witten equations on the manifold. The first question we consider is whether the Seiberg-Witten invariants depend on the geometric or analytic data involved in their definition. In the first main result of this thesis, we completely determine the dependence of the Seiberg-Witten invariants on the data involved in their definition. In particular, we show that even for the simplest manifold, the 3-sphere $S^3$, the Seiberg-Witten invariants take infinitely many different values. The rest of this thesis is devoted to understanding the Seiberg-Witten invariants in a specific geometric setting - the surgery setting. In that context we prove a gluing formula, which identifies the Seiberg-Witten invariants as certain ``homological intersection numbers''.
Adaptive interference suppression for DS-CDMA with impulsive noise

We develop an adaptive interference suppression scheme for DS-CDMA systems in the presence of impulsive noise. This scheme is realized by deriving an infinitesimal perturbation analysis based stochastic gradient algorithm that minimizes the average probability of error for such systems. The resulting detector outperforms the conventional matched filter detector for such systems.
Endometrial polypoid fibrosarcoma

Abstract This report is given for two reasons. First, there was a distinct discrepancy in the clinical diagnosis and the microscopic report in a case of recurring endometrial polyposis. As proved eventually, at the time of removal of the uterus, the clinical diagnosis of sarcoma was correct. Second, we feel that we are dealing with a definite clinical and anatomic picture which, apparently, is not sufficiently known. From the experience in our own laboratory, corroborated by the relative paucity of reported observations similar to ours, this disease, which clinically may be designated best as recurring massive endometrial polyposis of elephantiastic character, apparently is relatively rare. It was not until the uterus was removed that the clinical diagnosis of sarcoma could be confirmed histologically. At the same time, in spite of reported recurring endometrial polyps over a period of three and one-half years, there was no clear gross evidence of any actual invasive growth of this endometrial sarcoma into the myometrium. Even in the polypous tumor material removed in fair-sized pieces two months previous to the extirpation of the uterus, a definite diagnosis of sarcoma could not be made from a large number of sections taken from different parts. Our diagnosis was confirmed by Robert Meyer who was kind enough to lend us his most valuable support. We are in the fortunate position of being able to correlate all histologic findings secured at different times over a period of three and one-half years, with the final picture taken from the extirpated uterus.
NovA: Automated Analysis of Nonverbal Signals in Social Interactions

Previous studies have shown that the success of interpersonal interaction depends not only on the contents we communicate explicitly, but also on the social signals that are conveyed implicitly. In this paper, we present NovA (NOnVerbal behavior Analyzer), a system that analyzes and facilitates the interpretation of social signals conveyed by gestures, facial expressions and others automatically as a basis for computer-enhanced social coaching. NovA records data of human interactions, automatically detects relevant behavioral cues as a measurement for the quality of an interaction and creates descriptive statistics for the recorded data. This enables us to give a user online generated feedback on strengths and weaknesses concerning his social behavior, as well as elaborate tools for offline analysis and annotation.
Developmental Trends in Visual Scanning

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a review of the developmental literature on visual scanning, identifying some general changes in scanning, which occur during the preschool and elementary years. Data from numerous studies have demonstrated age differences in performance on tasks that require scanning. Eye movement data, both independently and in conjunction with other dependent variables, provide the most precise information on visual scanning. However, data on developmental changes in eye movement patterns are still quite limited, perhaps because of the difficult and restricting nature of eye movement recording and the time-consuming analyses required of these records. The chapter identifies six developmental trends on visual scanning. The trends are stated in general terms here, and their scope and exceptions are discussed. Comparing data from a variety of experimental contexts serves to highlight the importance of the relationships among the child's knowledge and strategies, the specific stimulus materials, and the difficulty of the experimental tasks.
Bayesian aspects of trouble shooting behavior.

Thirty-nine Navy technician trainees filled out a symptom-malfunction matrix on a blocking oscillator circuit. The technicians then attempted to solve six troubleshooting problems in the same oscillator circuit. The particular sequence of checks used by each man on each problem was combined with his symptom-malfunction matrix, via a Bayesian algorithm, to yield computer estimates of failure likelihoods for each component. The computer program predicted actual parts-replacement behaviors in about half of the cases. Those technicians who start out with valid symptom-malfunction matrices are more likely to resemble the Bayesian processor.
Error Producing Conditions in the Intensive Care Unit

Up to 98,000 patients die annually in U.S. hospitals due to human error. One of the areas where error occurs frequently is the Intensive Care Unit. Despite the impact of error, there is very little...
Topical N-acetyl cysteine and genistein prevent ultraviolet-light-induced signaling that leads to photoaging in human skin in vivo

Human skin is exposed to solar ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet radiation damages human skin and results in an old and wrinkled appearance, called photoaging. We have previously reported that molecular mechanisms by which ultraviolet light causes photoaging involve activation of growth factor and cytokine receptors in keratinocytes and dermal cells. They lead to downstream signal transduction through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-jun N-terminal protein kinase, and p38) pathways. These signaling pathways converge in the nucleus of cells to form an activated complex of transcription factor activator protein 1 (cFos/cJun), which induces matrix metalloproteinases that degrade skin connective tissue. In addition to cell surface receptor activation, generation of reactive oxygen species by ultraviolet radiation is believed to be critical in triggering mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. We investigated the ability of (i) ultraviolet irradiation to generate reactive oxygen species in human skin in vivo; and (ii) genistein, which possesses both tyrosine kinase inhibitory and antioxidant activities, and n-acetyl cysteine, which can be converted into the endogenous antioxidant glutathione, to impair responses to ultraviolet light that eventuate in photoaging in human skin in vivo. Ultraviolet irradiation caused a rapid and significant increase in hydrogen peroxide levels in human skin in vivo. Pretreatment of human skin with genistein inhibited ultraviolet-induced epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity, whereas n-acetyl cysteine did not. Genistein inhibited ultraviolet induction of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cJun N-terminal protein kinase activities. n-Acetyl cysteine inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase but not cJun N-terminal protein kinase activation. Both genistein and n-acetyl cysteine prevented ultraviolet induction of cJun protein. Consistent with this, genistein and n-acetyl cysteine blocked ultraviolet induction of cJun-driven enzyme, collagenase. Neither genistein nor n-acetyl cysteine acted as sunscreens as they had no effect on ultraviolet-induced erythema. These data indicate that compounds similar to genistein and n-acetyl cysteine, which possess tyrosine kinase inhibitory and/or antioxidant activities, may prevent photoaging.
Comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty as initial treatment strategies.

Abstract Early and late resulte of primary nonemergency coronary artery bypass grafting in 1,000 consecutive patients and primary nonemergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty performed concurrently in 389 patients were retrospectively compared. The coronary bypass population was significantly older and more symptomatic and had more prior myocardial infarctions, more left main and multiple-vessel coronary artery disease, and poorer ventricular function. Hospital mortality rates for coronary bypass grafting and angioplasty were 0.4% and 0.5%, respectively, and infarction rates were 1.7% and 5.1%, respectively ( p p = 0.04), freedom from myocardial infarction was 94.6% versos 88.1% ( p p p p p
Expression of Apolipoprotein A-I in Rabbit Carotid Endothelium Protects Against Atherosclerosis

Expression of atheroprotective genes in the blood vessel wall is potentially an effective means of preventing or reversing atherosclerosis. Development of this approach has been hampered by lack of a suitable gene-transfer vector. We used a helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vector to test whether expression of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in the artery wall could retard the development of atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Carotid arteries were infused with an HDAd expressing rabbit apoA-I or a “null” HDAd and harvested 2 and 4 weeks later. ApoA-I mRNA and protein were detected only in HDAdApoAI arteries. Lesion size, lipid and macrophage content, and adhesion molecule expression were similar in both groups at 2 weeks. Between 2 and 4 weeks, most of these measures of atherosclerosis increased in HDAdNull arteries, but were stable or decreased in HDAdApoAI arteries (P ≤ 0.04 for all end points in 4-week HDAdApoAI versus HDAdNull arteries). A longer-term study in chow-fed rabbits revealed persistence of HDAd vector DNA and apoA-I expression for ≥48 weeks, with stable vector DNA content and apoA-I expression from 4 to 48 weeks. Expression of apoA-I in arterial endothelium significantly retards atherosclerosis. HDAd provides prolonged, stable expression of a therapeutic transgene in the artery wall.
Central values of fuzzy numbers—defuzzification

Abstract Axioms for defining a central value of a fuzzy set are developed. Various proposed central values are examined. Implications for defuzzification are discussed.
A comparison of the former Soviet Union dust sampler to the U.S.A. high-volume (TSP) sampler

The particulate collection efficiency of the Former Soviet Union airborne dust sampler was assessed by operating it in parallel with the standard U.S. high-volume (TSP) sampler at University of Washington campus in Seattle, Washington. The overall collection efficiencies of the two samplers were compared. At the test site, the Former Soviet Union sampler underestimated the concentration of urban airborne particulate matter by a factor of three as measured by the colocated U.S. TSP sampler.
Ten Myths About Decision-Making Capacity

As a matter of practical reality, what role patients will play in decisions about their health care is determined by whether their clinicians judge them to have decision-making capacity. Because so much hinges on assessments of capacity, clinicians who work with patients have an ethical obligation to understand this concept. This article, based on a report prepared by the National Ethics Committee (NEC) of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), seeks to provide clinicians with practical information about decision-making capacity and how it is assessed. A study of clinicians and ethics committee chairs carried out under the auspices of the NEC identified the following 10 common myths clinicians hold about decision-making capacity: (1) decision-making capacity and competency are the same; (2) lack of decision-making capacity can be presumed when patients go against medical advice; (3) there is no need to assess decision-making capacity unless patients go against medical advice; (4) decision-making capacity is an "all or nothing" phenomenon; (5) cognitive impairment equals lack of decision-making capacity; (6) lack of decision-making capacity is a permanent condition; (7) patients who have not been given relevant and consistent information about their treatment lack decision-making capacity; (8) all patients with certain psychiatric disorders lack decision-making capacity; (9) patients who are involuntarily committed lack decision-making capacity; and (10) only mental health experts can assess decision-making capacity. By describing and debunking these common misconceptions, this article attempts to prevent potential errors in the clinical assessment of decision-making capacity, thereby supporting patients' right to make choices about their own health care.
Faculty practice and roles of staff nurses and clinical faculty in nursing student learning

The perceptions of staff nurses and clinical nurse faculty on the roles they play in nursing student learning were examined. The study also sought to explore how faculty practice status affected these perceived roles. Nursing schools with generic baccalaureate nursing programs in the middle Atlantic region composed the study population. A convenience sample of two schools that expected their undergraduate clinical faculty to engage in faculty practice and two schools that did not expect faculty practice participated in the study. Clinical faculty members (15) and nursing education administrators (4) from each school participated, as well as staff nurses (22) and nursing service administrators (4) from each school's related hospital. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted. Manifest and latent content analyses were used to examine the issues. Staff nurses who worked with practicing faculty reported fewer instances of role overload, conflict, and ambiguity than when they worked with nonpracticing faculty. Lack of clear communication and delineation of expectations among administrators, staff, faculty, and students were cited as major factors in perceived role problems. Administrators, faculty, and staff nurses viewed high student/faculty ratios as a causative factor in the faculty's inability to meet all teaching objectives with students.
Baryogenesis at the MeV era

Abstract The addition of a single operator to the minimal low-energy supergravity theory allows baryogenesis to occur at the end of inflation. The reheat temperature is between an MeV and GeV and there is no gravitino problem. The model can be tested by searching for baryon number violation in e+e- collisions.
Hypersonic Turbulent Skin-Friction and Boundary-Layer Profiles on Nonadiabatic Flat Plates

Random Processes," Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 49, No. 1, Jan. 1971, pp. 556-583. 3 Bolotin, V. V., "Nonconservative Problem of the Theory of Elastic Stability," Pergamon Press, New York, 1963, pp. 280-285. 4 Chu, H. and Herrman, G., "Influence of Large Amplitude on Free Flexural Vibration of Rectangular Elastic Plates," Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 23, No. 4, Dec. 1956, pp. 532-540. 5 Bull, M. K., "Wall-Pressure Fluctuation Associated with Subsonic Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 28, Pt. 4,1967, pp. 719-754. 6 Bull, M. K., Wilby, J. F., and Blackman, D. R., "Wall Pressure Fluctuation in Boundary Layer Flow and Response of Simple Structure to Random Pressure Fields," A.A.S.U. Rept. 243, Univ. of Southampton, 1963, pp. 1-28. 7 Strawderman, W. A., "Turbulent-Induced Plate Vibrations, An Evaluation of Finite and Infinite Plate Models," Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1969, pp. 1294-1307. 8 Maestrello, L., "Measurement and Analysis of the Response Field of Turbulent Boundary Layer Excited Panels," Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 2, 1965, pp. 270-292.
Structural basis for the molecular memory of imprinted proteins in anhydrous media.

Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used to quantitatively examine the secondary structure of imprinted (i.e., lyophilized in the presence of multifunctional ligands followed by removal of the latter) proteins in anhydrous media. Lysozyme, chymotrypsinogen, and bovine serum albumin, imprinted with L-malic acid, all exhibited significant differences in the secondary structure compared to that of their nonimprinted counterparts. A rise in the {beta}-sheet content, which invariably occurs upon lyophilization, is substantially lower for imprinted proteins. Alterations in the {alpha}-helix contents of these proteins have also been observed upon imprinting, although these changes are specific to the protein. A structural explanation has been obtained herein for other previously observed aspects of the protein imprinting phenomenon, including the effects of the ligand and the solvent and the lack of enantioselectivity. Exposure to aqueous solution, but not to anhydrous solvents, results in the disappearance of imprinting-induced changes in the secondary structure of proteins.
Prediction of extreme windspeeds by sector

Abstract The elliptical normal distribution has been used for the analysis of extreme surface windspeeds by sector. The marginal distributions of windspeeds, and hence the extremal order statistics, are derived for each sector. These order statistics are applied to some hourly mean wind data, and it is shown how the resulting variations in the goodness of fit from sector to sector may be related to surface roughness differences. A recently proposed model of wind structure is then used to convert surface to upper winds rationally by the use of gust-factor data. Re-analysis of the converted data indicates that upper-air winds can be described by elliptical normal distributions which are, in fact, nearly circular. It is shown that the conversion of windspeeds from surface to upper levels via measured gust factors is, unfortunately, extremely ill-conditioned.
Antibaryon production and high-energy oscillations☆

Abstract We employ multiperipheral models to investigate the proposal that the experimentally observed production of antibaryons can account for most or all of the rise in the pp total cross section at ISR energies. Our models support the proposal, and furthermore predict that this rise is the first part of a long-wavelength damped oscillation as a function of energy. We find that a variety of models accommodate the antibaryon effect, and show that these all lead to total cross sections consistent with present data and displaying an oscillation at higher energies. We attempt to understant the antibaryon cross section itself within the special case of the ABFST model, and find that the observed energy threshold emerges naturally, but that the predicted magnitude is somewhat small. The oscillations are simply parametrized in terms of complex Regge poles, and one of the models studied suggests that the leading complex pole be identified with the P′.
Humoral immunologic abnormalities in workers exposed to asbestos cement dust.

Abstract Serum specimens from 144 workers exposed to asbestos cement dust were examined for the presence of ANA, RF, immunoglobulins, and IC. These immunologic findings were compared with chest radiographic changes. A high percentage of workers had polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and there was a statistically significant association between elevated levels of IgC and IgM and radiographic classification. Although a significant number of workers had an increased prevalence of ANA and elevated levels of IC, there was no correlation between these parameters and chest radiographs. These findings support B cell hyperactivity in workers exposed to asbestos and suggest that autoantibody production and IC are not directly involved in disease pathogenesis.
Polarization and Differential Cross Section for Neutron Scattering from Silicon

The polarization of neutrons scattered from Si and the unpolarized differential cross section for the process are measured at 5 angles and at neutron energies from 0.2 to 0.7 Mev. The differential cross sections in the present work, together with previously measured cross sections, are analyzed in terms of the properties of the resonance levels seen in ${\mathrm{Si}}^{29}$ (${\mathrm{Si}}^{28}$+$n$) by means of the $R$-function formalism of Lane and Thomas. The levels in ${\mathrm{Si}}^{29}$ at neutron energies of 0.536 Mev and 0.571 Mev are assigned to be ${D}_{\frac{5}{2}}$ and ${P}_{\frac{3}{2}}$, respectively. The phase shifts obtained from this analysis are used to predict the polarization in the scattering from ${\mathrm{Si}}^{28}$. The predicted values agree well with the measured polarization in scattering from natural Si. However, the rapid variation of the polarization with energy limits the usefulness of Si as an analyzer near the resonance energies. At neutron energies below 0.4 Mev and above 0.65 Mev the polarization is practically zero. The agreement between calculated and measured polarizations gives added confirmation of previous measurements of the polarization of the neutrons in the ${\mathrm{Li}}^{7}(p, n){\mathrm{Be}}^{7}$ reaction, which has been used as the neutron source in the present study.
The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Treatment

Abstract Purpose:To propose a theory for the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovary syndrome that explains the endocrinologic abnormalities of the syndrome and provides a rational approach to therapy...
Local existence theorems for the first and second initial-boundary value problems for a weakly non-newtonian fluid

We prove an existence and uniqueness theorem for three-dimensional motions of a certain class of simple, incompressible materials. The constitutive equation is assumed to have, in addition to a Newtonian part, a viscoelastic part given by a smooth, bounded functional of the history of the displacement gradient. Both displacement and traction boundary conditions are considered.
Constraints on ion outflow speeds and electron distribution function in the corona derived from sumer electron temperatures and SWICS ion fractions

Abstract It has been a puzzle for quite some time that spectroscopic measurements in the inner corona indicate electron temperatures far too low to produce the ion fractions observed in the in situ solar wind. In the present paper we show that in order to reconcile the two sets of measurements, a number of conditions have to exist in the inner corona: 1) the electron distribution function has to be Maxwellian or close to Maxwellian close to the coronal base; 2) the non-Maxwellian character of the distribution has to develop rapidly as a function of height and has to reach close to interplanetary properties inside of a few solar radii; 3) ions of different elements have to flow with significantly different speeds to separate their “freezing-in” distances sufficiently so they can encounter different distribution functions. We chose a set of observationally constrained coronal plasma parameters to demonstrate that these conditions are general requirements if both coronal electron temperatures and in situ ion fractions are correct. However, the details of the required distribution functions are very sensitive to the exact electron temperature, density and ion flow speed profiles in the region of the corona where the ions predominantly form.
Relation of the köster effect to low-temperature internal friction peaks in deformed copper

Abstract A study is made to determine the relationship between the Koster effect, i.e. the modulus defect due to dislocations which is present in a freshly deformed sample and which subsequently anneals out, and the various low temperature relaxation peaks which have been observed. It is shown that the Koster modulus defect at room temperature is made up of several parts. The largest fraction corresponds to dislocation motion which contributes to the high-temperature side of the Bordoni peak and also to the subsidiary Niblett—Wilks peak. About 40% of the Koster modulus defect is still present at 5°K. The significance of the present results to the interpretation of the Bordoni relaxation is discussed. In particular, it is shown that these results are consistent with a mechanism for which the relaxation time depends on a power of the dislocation loop length.
Simultaneous incorporation of carbonate and fluoride in synthetic apatites: Effect on crystallographic and physico-chemical properties

The mineral in bone is an impure hydroxyapatite, with carbonate as the chief minor substituent. Fluoride has been shown to stimulate osteoblastic activity and inhibit osteoclastic resorption in vitro. CO(3)- and F-substituted apatite (CFA) has been considered as potential bone graft material for orthopedic and dental applications. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of simultaneously incorporated CO(3) and F on the crystallographic physico-chemical properties of apatite. The results showed that increasing CO(3) and Na content in apatites with relatively constant F concentration caused a decrease in crystallite size and an increase in the extent of calcium release; increasing F content in apatites with relatively constant CO(3) concentration caused an increase in crystallite size and a decrease in the extent of Ca release. These findings suggest that CFAs as bone graft materials of desired solubility can be prepared by manipulating the relative concentrations of CO(3) and F incorporated in the apatite.
Dynamic crushing and energy absorption of regular, irregular and functionally graded cellular structures

The in-plane dynamic crushing of two dimensional honeycombs with both regular hexagonal and irregular arrangements was investigated using detailed finite element models. The energy absorption of honeycombs made of a linear elastic-perfectly plastic material with constant and functionally graded density were estimated up to large crushing strains. Our numerical simulations showed three distinct crushing modes for honeycombs with a constant relative density: quasi-static, transition and dynamic. Moreover, irregular cellular structures showed to have energy absorption similar to their counterpart regular honeycombs of same relative density and mass. To study the dynamic crushing of functionally graded cellular structures, a density gradient in the direction of crushing was introduced in the computational models by a gradual change of the cell wall thickness. Decreasing the relative density in the direction of crushing was shown to enhance the energy absorption of honeycombs at early stages of crushing. The study provides new insight into the behavior of engineered and biological cellular materials, and could be used to develop novel energy absorbent structures.
Beyond Sowing and Growing: The Relationship of Sex Typing To Socialization, Family Plans, and Future Orientation1

The speculation, appearing frequently in the birth-planning and population literature, that family-size desires are associated with sex-role norms, was empirically investigated with the Bem (1974) Sex Role Inventory. Forty college students in a 2 (sex-typed vs. androgynous) × 2 (male or female) design responded to a demographic and future-plans inventory. Results indicated that androgynous females, as compared with sex-typed females, (a) moved frequently during childhood (p < .02); (b) were raised in larger communities (p < .02); (c) had fathers (p < .03) and mothers (p < .003) of higher occupational status; (d) tended toward higher educational aspiration (p < .09); (e) desired fewer children (p < .05); and (f) placed more importance on competence at work (p < .004). Male responses were not generally related to the sex-typing variable. Results were discussed in terms of implications of sex-role socialization for the problem of overpopulation.
A Low-Power UWB-IR Transmitter by Tapered Nonlinear Transmission Lines

We present a low-power transmitter for the ultra-wide-band impulse radio utilizing tapered nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) designs. As the energy in each pulse scales with the inverse of frequency, the tapered NLTL achieves up to 40% energy improvement over a uniform NLTL transmitter. We fabricated three 10 GHz transmitters with different tapering factors in 0.13 $\mu$ m RF-CMOS technology and demonstrated 15 pJ of energy consumption per pulse.
Potentiometric pH measurements in high subcritical and supercritical aqueous solutions

Abstract An operational electrochemical thermocell is proposed for potentiometric pH measurements in high subcritical and supercritical aqueous solutions. The thermocell consists of the silver–silver chloride flow-through external pressure-balanced reference electrode (FTEPBRE) and the flow-through platinum–hydrogen pH sensor. Using this thermocell, we have measured the potentials of the thermocell for a few HCl(aq) and NaOH(aq) solutions of different concentrations and derived the corresponding pH differences (ΔpH) over a wide range of temperatures from 25 to 400°C at pressures between 27.5 and 33.8 MPa. Comparison of the experimentally derived and theoretically calculated ΔpH values clearly demonstrates an ability of the thermocell to measure pH with accuracy better than ±0.1 units, and this result in turn demonstrates the viability of the FTEPBRE as a versatile reference electrode for use at high subcritical and supercritical temperatures.
A steady-state method for computation of myocardial blood volume with the intravascular contrast agent Ablavar

Our proof of principle results show the feasibility of quantifying myocardial blood volume (MBV) with the intravascular contrast agent MS-325. For severe stenoses in a canine model, stenosis zone MBV was higher than remote MBV at rest, and lower than remote during vasodilation.
Separation of the stereoisomers of a homologeous series of bis-amides on chiral stationary phases

A homologeous series of stereoisomericbis-amides derived from racemic N-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyl)leuchine and various α,ω-diamines has been chromatographed on chiral stationary phases (CSP) derived from N-(2-naphthyl)alanine. Plots of α, the separation factor for enantiomers, versus N, the number of methylene groups in the α,ω-diamines, are convex in shape and show a maximum in α when N=B. This maximum is attributed to optimal “bridging” between adjacent binding sites on the CSP. “Bridging” is simultaneous interaction of the two ends of thebis-derivative with sites on the CSP. Separation factors for thebis-analytes are approximately the square of those of correspondingmono-amides.
CORRELATED HARTREE-FOCK ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ZNO AND ZNS

Abstract The band structures of ZnO and ZnS have been calculated by an all-electron Hartree-Fock method including correlation corrections. The goal is to evaluate the applicability to polar semiconductors of this highly efficient computational method, which was originally designed for closed-shell ionic systems, and to study the role of Zn 3 d -band states in the electronic and optical properties of these materials. Comparison is made to the results of other calculations and to optical and photoemission data.
One Still Face, Many Visions

Tronick, Cohn, and Muir and Lee have strengthened and extended our history of the still-face procedure by reflecting on important theoretical and methodological issues in the current literature, and by looking to the future of how the still face can inform and guide further investigations. These commentaries provide a wonderful illustration of how the use of a shared, if not fully standardized, paradigm can continue to inspire ever more sharing of ideas.
Parallel algorithms to a parallel hardware: Designing vision algorithms for a GPU

A GPU becomes an affordable solution for accelerating a slow process on a commercial system. The most of achievements using it for non-rendering problems are the exact re-implementation of existing algorithms designed for a serial CPU. We study about conditions of a good parallel algorithm, and show that it is possible to design an algorithm targeted to a parallel hardware, though it may be useless on a CPU. The optical flow estimation problem is investigated to show the possibility. In some time-critical applications, it is more important to get results in a limited time than to improve the results. We focus on designing optical flow approximation algorithms tailored for a GPU to get a reasonable result as fast as possible by reformulating the problem as change detection with hypothesis generation using features tracked in advance. Two parallel algorithms are proposed: direct interpolation and testing multiple hypotheses. We discuss implementation issues in the CUDA framework. Both methods are running on a GPU in a near video rate providing reasonable results for the time-critical applications. These GPU-tailored algorithms become useful by running about 240 times faster than the equivalent serial implementations which are too slow to be useful in practice.