cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Solid-State-NMR-Structure-Based Inhibitor Design to Achieve Selective Inhibition of the Parallel-in-Register β-Sheet versus Antiparallel Iowa Mutant β-Amyloid Fibrils.

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy has been widely applied to characterize the high-resolution structures of β-amyloid (Aβ) fibrils. While these structures provide crucial molecular insights on the deposition of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer’s diseases (AD), ssNMR structures have been rarely used so far as the basis for designing inhibitors. It remains a challenge because the ssNMR-based Aβ fibril structures were usually obtained with sparsely isotope-labeled peptides with limited experimental constraints, where the structural models, especially the side-chain coordinates, showed restricted precision. However, these structural models often possess a higher accuracy within the hydrophobic core regions with more well-defined experimental data, which provide potential targets for the molecular design. This work presents an ssNMR-based molecular design to achieve selective inhibition of a particular type of Aβ fibrillar structure, which was formed with the Iowa mutant of Aβ with parall...
Caregiver perspectives on the social competence of pediatric brain tumor survivors.

Pediatric brain tumor survivors are at risk for significant difficulties related to social competence. Little research has examined factors that contribute to survivor social problems. The current study is grounded in a model of social competence for youth with brain disorder and used qualitative and quantitative methods to obtain caregiver perspectives on survivor social competence and identify pertinent risk and resistance factors. The study occurred in two phases, including focus groups with 36 caregivers of 24 survivors and confirmatory interviews with 12 caregivers of 12 survivors. Qualitative content analyses resulted in three themes that were illustrative of the model of social competence. Themes included (1) the impact of survivor sequelae on social function; (2) the role of family in evaluating and promoting survivor social development; and (3) the match between the survivor’s social context and developmental needs. Quantitative data supported the associations between survivor social skills, survivor executive function, and family functioning. Overall, findings underscore the influence of risk and resistance factors across different systems on survivor social competence and suggest directions for future research and intervention efforts.
Using an elastic magnifier to increase power output and performance of heart-beat harvesters

Embedded piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) systems in medical pacemakers have been a growing and innovative research area. The goal of these systems, at present, is to remove the pacemaker battery, which makes up 60%-80% of the unit, and replace it with a sustainable power source. This requires that energy harvesting systems provide sufficient power, 1-3 μW, for operating a pacemaker. The goal of this work is to develop, test, and simulate cantilevered energy harvesters with a linear elastic magnifier (LEM). This research hopes to provide insight into the interaction between pacemaker energy harvesters and the heart. By introducing the elastic magnifier into linear and nonlinear systems oscillations of the tip are encouraged into high energy orbits and large tip deflections. A continuous nonlinear model is presented for the bistable piezoelectric energy harvesting (BPEH) system and a one-degree-of-freedom linear mass-spring-damper model is presented for the elastic magnifier. The elastic magnifier will not consider the damping negligible, unlike most models. A physical model was created for the bistable structure and formed to an elastic magnifier. A hydrogel was designed for the experimental model for the LEM. Experimental results show that the BPEH coupled with a LEM (BPEH + LEM) produces more power at certain input frequencies and operates a larger bandwidth than a PEH, BPEH, and a standard piezoelectric energy harvester with the elastic magnifier (PEH + LEM). Numerical simulations are consistent with these results. It was observed that the system enters high-energy and high orbit oscillations and that, ultimately, BPEH systems implemented in medical pacemakers can, if designed properly, have enhanced performance if positioned over the heart.
Wall-climbing robot for non-destructive evaluation using impact-echo and metric learning SVM

The impact-echo (IE) acoustic inspection method is a non-destructive evaluation technique, which has been widely applied to detect the defects, structural deterioration level, and thickness of plate-like concrete structures. This paper presents a novel climbing robot, namely Rise-Rover, to perform automated IE signal collection from concrete structures with IE signal analyzing based on machine learning techniques. Rise-Rover is our new generation robot, and it has a novel and enhanced absorption system to support heavy load, and crawler-like suction cups to maintain high mobility performance while crossing small grooves. Moreover, the design enables a seamless transition between ground and wall. This paper applies the fast Fourier transform and wavelet transform for feature detection from collected IE signals. A distance metric learning based support vector machine approach is newly proposed to automatically classify the IE signals. With the visual-inertial odometry of the robot, the detected flaws of inspection area on the concrete plates are visualized in 2D/3D. Field tests on a concrete bridge deck demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed robot system in automatic health condition assessment for concrete structures.
fMRI Data for Human Subjects During Musical Perception and Imagery

This fMRI dataset includes the original stimuli and the BOLD fMRI responses for a musical imagery study.
Highly stable forced optoelectronic oscillators and roadmap to integrated clocks

Low phase noise signal generated in a small structure is required for communication and high resolution imaging. Optoelectronic oscillators with their demonstrated low phase noise are popular due to the increasing demand of very clean local oscillator and clock signal sources. Forced techniques of self-injection locking phase locking (SILDPLL) applied on an OEO system reduces the phase noise and suppresses side mode observed in standard OEO with long delays. However, this novel optical feedback technique using self-ILPLL is also employed for phase noise reduction of free-running microwave oscillators. Phase noise reduction of 27 dB at 10 kHz offset has been demonstrated by applying this technique for a 10 GHz state of art DRO, achieving -137 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset. A phase noise prediction of this feedback technique is also presented, which very closely corroborates with experimental results. Analysis of SILPLL using the modeling has shown that further phase noise reductions could be achieved, by reducing the residual phase noise of the long delay lines and microwave amplifiers. In addition, a frequency synthesizer working at K-band is demonstrated using electronically tuned narrowband RF filter in place of fixed narrowband frequency metallic cavity based filters. The synthesizer employs optical transversal filter cascaded with YIG filter to electronically fine and coarse tune the oscillation frequency, as a replacement for fixed frequency high Q metallic filter. Second harmonic generated frequency synthesized signals with close-in to carrier phase noise of -127 dBc/Hz phase noise at 10 kHz are reported by V π operation of a Mach-Zehnder (MZM) over 18 GHz to 22 GHz with frequency tuning step as small as 20 kHz/pm. A 19’’ rack mount system is also constructed and long term stability of 4.5 kHz over 60 min is measured at K-band, while a 3.5 kHz drift is measured for a tabletop realization. A fully integrated version of this forced OEO is also being pursued to enhance size, power consumption, and cost. A fully monolithic DBR based multi-mode laser is considered with mode-locking method to build frequency stabilized and tunable RF signal generator. The number of the output modes from each laser is adjusted using reflecting bandwidth of distributed Bragg reflector and electro-absorption (EA) modulator for amplitude control, while the phase section in integrated laser system provides frequency tuning. Mode-locking of 60 laser modes results in a highly frequency stable 10 GHz RF beat-notes with a calculated phase noise of -150 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset frequency.
Conformal contact: corrections and new results

There has been a mistake in the work presented in the paper ‘Solving conformal wheel–rail rolling contact problems’ [Vollebregt E, Segal A. Solving conformal wheel–rail rolling contact problems. Ve...
Phosphonium-Based Poly(ionic liquid)/Ionic Liquid Ion Gel Membranes: Influence of Structure and Ionic Liquid Loading on Ion Conductivity and Light Gas Separation Performance

The influence of free IL structure and loading level in phosphonium-based poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid (PIL/IL) ion gel composite membranes was studied with regards to their ion conductivity and light gas separation performance. The resulting series of ion gels demonstrated ion conductivity values of 10–7–10–5 S/cm at 25 °C and 10–5–10–3 S/cm at 110 °C. It was found that shorter alkyl chain lengths on the phosphonium cation of the IL resulted in increased thermal stability of the ionic conductivity for the resulting PIL/IL membrane materials with negligible changes in ionic conductivity performance at temperatures up to 110 °C. Further, an increase of free IL loading resulted in an increase in overall ion conductivity and membrane mechanical stability. Similar structure/composition/function relationships were observed for the light gas separation performance of these phosphonium-based PIL/IL ion gel membranes. However, the resulting performance is lower than PIL/IL ion gel membranes based on imidazoliu...
Socio-Economic Mobility of Youth: Factors, Obstacles, and Potential Solutions

In the face of record levels of youth unemployment and starkly unequal opportunities to climb the socioeconomic ladder, young people are facing difficult challenges. From early childhood to young adulthood, there are several key obstacles to socioeconomic mobility that emerge. These include availability of early childhood education, level of peer support during adolescence, secondary school funding and quality, and skills development and job matching as a young adult. This article explores the dynamics of these critical obstacles, analyzes initiatives that are successfully helping young people overcome these obstacles around the world, and makes policy suggestions to create a society in which young people have strong opportunities to fulfill their potentials and advance socioeconomically. The article focuses on the state of socioeconomic mobility of young people in the United States, drawing on examples of successful models from all over the globe.
Evanescent wave based near-wall thermometry utilizing Brownian motion

Evanescent wave-based Particle Image Velocimetry (or nPIV) is known to be an effective tool in estimating near-wall velocity fields. nPIV uses evanescent wave illumination of particle tracers in the fluid within order of O(100nm) from the wall where illumination intensity decays exponentially with distance normal to the wall. Brownian motion of the sub-micron tracer particles used in nPIV is a function of fluid temperature in this region. Monte Carlo simulation of particle movement in this region is used to investigate the possibilities of utilizing this effect for near-wall thermometry. Synthetic nPIV images of the illuminated polystyrene particles of 100nm diameter in the near-wall region are initially generated for different fluid temperature measurement. The spatial distribution of the particles takes into account the forces such as buoyancy, electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction, in addition to the hindered Brownian motion near the walls. The synthetic images were then processed using standard cross-correlation function. The results of the numerical simulation show that the temperature variation causes a change in width and height of the nPIV correlation function. Initial experimental studies are conducted to verify the results of simulations. Keywords-Total Internal Reflection; nPIT; thermometry.
Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of human fingernail clippings reveal multiple location signals

RATIONALE Strontium isotope ratios (87 Sr/86 Sr) in human fingernail keratin tissues have been underexplored for region of origin and travel history reconstruction studies. Here we investigated 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in fingernail keratin to establish baseline measurements in a resident group and to examine how 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios changed with relocation. METHODS Fingernail clippings were collected from resident (n = 10) and non-resident/traveler groups (n = 4 and n = 4) that were part of a larger study in Salt Lake City (UT, USA) from 2015 to 2016. Strontium abundance and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios were determined via multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). 87 Sr/86 Sr and oxygen (δ18 O) isotope ratios from the traveler participants were compared to examine temporal patterns. RESULTS Strontium abundance and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios in fingernails from the resident group established a baseline against which we could evaluate potential differences in non-resident/traveler groups. Resident 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios remained constant over the study period and were consistent with previously measured tap waters for the area. 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio changes in non-resident/traveler groups were rapid and reflected the current location of the individual within 4-5 weeks of arrival. Lastly, δ18 O and 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of the same fingernail clippings did not exhibit similar temporal patterns, since fingernail δ18 O ratios required more time to attain values characteristic of the new environment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that strontium is incorporated into fingernail tissues differently from hair and this could be advantageous to forensic investigations. We found that 87 Sr/86 Sr and δ18 O ratios of the same fingernail clippings revealed two different time points reflecting an individual's residence over short- (4-5 weeks, 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios) and long-term (3-5 months, δ18 O values) time scales. It is likely that the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios of fingernail clippings reflect exogenous signals that are incorporated through bathing waters and that these signals change rapidly with movement to a new location. Our results may aid future forensic studies in the determination of region of origin in unidentified remains.
Association of minority-serving hospitals with lower resources for cancer care.

6547Background: Disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) are longstanding. Previous studies show links between minority use of low quality hospitals, suggesting a role for location of care in dispari...
Thickness controlled nanostructure formation in RF sputtered WS2 thin film

Large area high quality WS2 nanostructured thin films are grown on silicon at 350 °C substrate temperature using RF sputtered technique. XRD results show that the films are highly crystalline in nature with the observation of significance of 002 peak located ~13°. FESEM images confirm that, the surface morphology can be modified easily by controlling the thickness and growth temperature of the films. Interestingly, the planar films slowly transform to nanostructure with increase of the film thickness which is also observed by AFM results. The observation of two strong Raman peak further conform the formation of WS2 film on Si substrate. Temperature dependent I–V curve behaves the films are pure semiconducting in nature and resistivity of the sample is decreased by increasing temperature. This exciting finding encourages WS2 based metal-chalcogenide is a potential candidate for its use in several semiconductor and other electronic devices.
Edge of InsanityTony MacAlpine and Black Virtuosity

In this essay, I mean to re-examine the notion of virtuosity, which has been characterized as a Romantic reaction to bourgeois rationalism that mobilizes virtuoso musical technique in the service of critiquing bourgeois understandings of art. Furthermore, most critics accuse virtuosos of providing vulgar spectacle in place of sober execution linked to questionable ethics. Pace those assessments, I mean to argue that virtuosity represents, at least in the hands of a black American guitarist such as MacAlpine, a liberatory strategy, that despite being rooted in Romantic notions of autonomous art, challenges a critical stance which views black artistry as merely expressive. I argue that MacAlpine does not simply seek the discursive legitimacy that performing classical music (or in a “classical” style) can give a heavy metal musician but, as a black American guitarist, uses the kind of virtuosity that is linked to the European concert tradition as a means for transcending the stereotypes of black musicians as intuitive talents who draw on reserves of emotional excess, rather than as thoughtful musicians whose abilities have been trained and crafted by diligent study and practice.
Age and Gender Measurement Noninvariance of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale Screener:

Objective: The nature and form of demographics-related differences in ADHD self-reported symptoms across adulthood is currently poorly understood. This study explored the psychometrics of the Adult...
Digital Compatible Synthesis, Placement and Implementation of Mixed-Signal Time-Domain Computing

Mixed-signal time-domain computing (TC) has recently drawn significant attention due to its high efficiency in applications such as machine learning accelerators. However, due to the nature of analog and mixed-signal design, there is a lack of a systematic flow of synthesis and place & route for time-domain circuits. This paper proposed a comprehensive design flow for TC. In the front-end, a variation-aware digital compatible synthesis flow is proposed. In the back-end, a placement technique using graph-based optimization engine is proposed to deal with the especially stringent matching requirement in TC. Simulation results show significant improvement over the prior analog placement methods. A 55nm test chip is used to demonstrate that the proposed design flow can meet the stringent timing matching target for TC with significant performance boost over conventional digital design.
Monitoring the effect of some insecticides for corn stem borer control, at Deir Ez-Zor region, Syria.

The corn stem borers larvae (species Sesamia cretica Led., Sesamia nonagrioides Lef. and Os-trinia nubilalis (Hubner)) are considered the major pests attacking Zea mays L. The larvae bore into stems and ears which cause a significant decrease of both quantity and quality of yield. This research was completed at Eastern region of Syria during 2004 and 2005 corn growing season, aiming to control these corn borer species with some insec-ticides; Avaunt 150SC (Indoxacarb 150 g / L),Sumialpha 5EC (Esfenvalerate 50 g / L), Proclaim 05SG (Emamectin benzoate 50 g / Kg), Comply 25WP (Fenoxycarb 205 g / Kg) and Agerin 6.5WP (Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki 32000 IU / Mg). The results showed that in corn attacked by Sesa-mia cretica, Sesamia nonagrioides and Ostrinia nubilalis the infested rate reached up to 38 % on stems and 18.5 % on ears at control plots. Results also showed high efficacy of insecticides Avaunt 150SC, Sumialpha 5EC, Proclaim 05SG, Comply 25WP and Agerin 6.5WP in reducing the infested rate in stems to about 6, 8.1, 11.5, 13.5 and 21.2 %, respectively. And to about 4.5, 6.1, 7.2, 7.9 and 11.1 % in ears by Avaunt 150SC, Sumialpha 5EC, Proclaim 05SG, Comply 25WP and Agerin 6.5WP, respectively. These results gave rise to a positive increase in the yield of corn seeds.
Automated synthesis of [18F]Raltegravir through [18F]fluorobenzylamine

669 Objectives: Raltegravir (Isentress, MK-0518) is the first integrase inhibitor approved by the FDA. It interferes with HIV viral replication when used in combination with antiretroviral therapy. The impetus for this project was to develop an automated synthesis for the preparation of previously labeled [18F]Raltegravir while optimizing the synthesis time, yield, and overall production method [1] to support first-in-human radiopharmacokinetic studies. In order to achieve this, a more robust preparation of [18F]fluorobenzylamine ([18F]FBA) employing improved reduction conditions was developed and microwave coupling reaction conditions needed to be replaced with conventional heating in the Sofie Biosciences ELIXYS FLEX/ CHEM module. Methods: The 4-[18F]fluorobenzylamine ([18F]FBA) chemistry was first automated on the Sofie Biosciences ELIXYS FLEX/ CHEM module. [18F]FBA was synthesized by reacting the 4-N, N, N- trimethylammoniumbenzonitrile triflate with [18F]fluoride ion to form [18F]fluorobenzonitrile. This intermediate was concentrated on a C18 SepPak and then eluted with THF through an in-house formed borohydride exchange reducing resin [2] to yield [18F]FBA that is subsequently trapped on a second C18. THF eluted [18F]FBA was dried in the presence of HCl and the salt was reacted with the Raltegravir precursor with various solvents and bases for various times. Results: The optimized reaction sequence (Figure) has been automated. Facile reduction of the benzonitrile intermediate afforded eluted [18F]FBA (from starting [18F]fluoride ion) in 41 ± 6% yield (n = 15). HCl addition was essential to dry the FBA without substantial evaporative loss. The dried [18F]FBA•HCl was neutralized with DMAP in MeOH and successfully coupled to the Raltegravir precursor at 85 °C for 45 minutes to give the [18F]Raltegravir in 4.61 ± 0.37% yield (n = 2) in a total synthesis time of 135 minutes. Conclusions: Concentrating [18F]FBA with HCl salt also enabled reaction of the complete labeled prosthetic batch as opposed to an aliquot as previously described [2]. The dry down step removes any unreacted [18F]fluorobenzonitrile which is observed in the original synthesis [1] thus leading to a cleaner HPLC chromatogram. This automated process facilitated the successful qualification of [18F]Raltegravir for human imaging studies. Acknowledgements: Funding for this project was granted by Merck. We thank Wenping Li and Michael Klimas for insightful chemistry discussions. References: [1] W. Li, W. Thompson, T. Fisher, J. Wai, D. Hazuda, H. Burns, T. Hamill. J Labelled Comp. Radiopharm. 2009, 53, 517-520 [2] J. Way, F. Wuest . Nucl. Med. Biol. 2013, 40, 430-436
A taxonomically broad metagenomic survey of 339 species spanning 57 families suggests cystobasidiomycete yeasts are not ubiquitous across all lichens.

PREMISE Lichens are fungi that enter into obligate symbioses with photosynthesizing organisms (algae, cyanobacteria). Traditional narratives of lichens as binary symbiont pairs have given way to their recognition as dynamic metacommunities. Basidiomycete yeasts, particularly of the genus Cyphobasidium, have been inferred to be widespread and important components of lichen metacommunities. Yet, the presence of basidiomycete yeasts across a wide diversity of lichen lineages has not previously been tested. METHODS We searched for lichen-associated cystobasidiomycete yeasts in newly generated metagenomic data from 413 samples of 339 lichen species spanning 57 families and 25 orders. The data set was generated as part of a large-scale project to study lichen biodiversity gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains Biodiversity Hotspot of southeastern North America. RESULTS Our efforts detected cystobasidiomycete yeasts in nine taxa (Bryoria nadvornikiana, Heterodermia leucomelos, Lecidea roseotincta, Opegrapha vulgata, Parmotrema hypotropum, P. subsumptum, Usnea cornuta, U. strigosa, and U. subgracilis), representing 2.7% of all species sampled. Seven of these taxa (78%) are foliose (leaf-like) or fruticose (shrubby) lichens that belong to families where basidiomycete yeasts have been previously detected. In several of the nine cases, cystobasidiomycete rDNA coverage was comparable to, or greater than, that of the primary lichen fungus single-copy nuclear genomic rDNA, suggesting sampling artifacts are unlikely to account for our results. CONCLUSIONS Studies from diverse areas of the natural sciences have led to the need to reconceptualize lichens as dynamic metacommunities. However, our failure to detect cystobasidiomycetes in 97.3% (330 species) of the sampled species suggests that basidiomycete yeasts are not ubiquitous in lichens.
Message from the incoming Editor-In-Chief: editorial

Guifang Li, the new Editor-in-Chief of Advances in Optics and Photonics, outlines his vision for the Journal.
Cultural Considerations in the Context of Establishing Rapport: A Contextual Behavioral View on Common Factors

Common factors have been a central topic in psychotherapy and behavioral health literature for many decades. Following the perspective of contextual behavioral science (CBS), this chapter will discuss common factors that are particularly relevant to cultural considerations in the context of rapport building. To do so, we will start with a literature review of common factors and cultural considerations, which is then followed by a brief summary of CBS and its key underlying assumptions, theories, and practices. Subsequently, we will elucidate how common factors and cultural considerations in the context of rapport building are conceptualized and synthesized using the CBS framework of behavioral health and behavior change. Finally, we will present practical examples of how principles derived from CBS may be applied to rapport building in practice.
Compressive Sensing Based Data Acquisition Architecture for Transient Stellar Events in Crowded Star Fields

Compressive sensing (CS) is a mathematical technique for simultaneous data acquisition and compression. In this work, we show a CS based architecture for acquiring and reconstructing transient astrophysical events. This architecture reconstructs a differenced image, eliminating the need for any sparse domain transforms, otherwise required for traditional CS reconstruction. The resulting reconstructed differenced image is of importance as the information required for generating time- series photometric light curves is best obtained from an image differenced with a reference image. This architecture eliminates the need to 1.) transform an image to a sparse domain, 2.) reconstruct a dense field, and then apply differencing on the image to obtain the time-ordered photometry. We study the case of gravitational microlensing in which a distant source star in a crowded field is briefly magnified by the passage of a mass through the line of sight between the source star and observer. Our results show that this architecture is able to reconstruct the light curve for magnification factors greater than 1 with error less than 2% using only 10% of the Nyquist rate samples.
Synthesis of trifluoromethyl substituted nucleophilic glycine equivalents and the investigation of their potential for the preparation of α-amino acids

Abstract The synthetic preparation of several Ni(II) complexed Schiff Bases of glycine will be introduced, as well as investigations into their reactivity and utility. Key to these investigations is the incorporation of electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups within the framework of the conjugated system that stabilizes the enolate derived from the glycine component. Reactivity was evaluated for each of the complexes under phase transfer catalyzed alkylations with hydroxide bases, as well as the DBU catalyzed Michael Additions of optically active 3′-substituted-2-oxazoladinone amides of unsaturated carboxylic acids. It was found that the trifluoromethyl containing nucleophilic glycine equivalents were more reactive than their non-trifluoromethyl analogues in both reaction types. Therefore, the application of these modified Ni(II) complexes of glycine Schiff Bases are useful for the preparation of α-amino acids through phase transfer catalyzed alkylation as well as the preparation of optically pure β-substituted pyroglutamic acid precursors.
Abstract 333: A Prospective Study of the Incidence of Intracranial Hemorrhage in Survivors of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) is an important cause of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), yet there are no United States (US), European, or Australian prospective studies examinin...
Fluid Flow With Three Upstream Configurations in Freezing Tubes

The flow and stability of liquid through a tube at subfreezing temperature can be modified by the upstream flow conditions. A simplified model for the dynamics is used to show behavior 3 different ...
Short Stories by Mário Andrade, Lima Barreto, and Monteiro Lobato. 3 vols. U Estadual de Campinas 2020.

Dada a conhecida escassez de obras de autores brasileiros em traducao, e de se comemorar a publicacao destes tres pequenos e bem cuidados volumes bilingues de contos de Lima Barreto, Monteiro Lobato e Mario de Andrade. E verdade que recentemente duas novas traducoes de Machado de Assis e uma de Graciliano Ramos tambem chegaram ao mercado anglofono, na companhia de um ou outro livro de escritores brasileiros contemporâneos. Mas a amplitude e diversidade da literatura brasileira do presente e do passado continuam palidamente representadas no catalogo de traducoes para o ingles, o que certamente limita que os autores do Brasil sejam mais lidos e estudados.
The Dynamics of Cultural Change in Northeastern Poland: The Role of Ethnicity in Local Activism

In this case study of a current artist-led initiative, Ośrodek Pogranicze, in the town of Sejny, Poland, Janine Holc excavates the cultural meanings that denizens are carving out of the realities of borderland pluralities of the region known as the Suwalki Triangle. Such excavation incorporates physical structures such as religious meeting houses, unused and deteriorating across the communist era. Meeting one another across diverse ethnic, religious, and language backgrounds, these artists confront nationalisms through educational and performative exchanges. Through thick descriptions of the Ośrodek Pogranicze activities and aspirations, this chapter reflects on the productive possibilities of such efforts, as well as the potential undersides if certain histories are not addressed. The backdrop to the rich displays of cultural particularities is one of segregation, inequality, and political opportunism.
Remediation of GenX from water by amidoxime surface-functionalized electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous adsorbent.

Abstract As a short-chain PFAS, GenX has gained increasing attention in recent years as a hazardous and emerging contaminant in water bodies. However, there is only limited research outcome up to date to address GenX remediation from water. In this research, we investigated amidoxime surface-functionalized PAN nanofibrous material from electrospinning as adsorbent to remove GenX from water. The nanofibrous adsorbent from 10 min treatment of electrospun PAN nanofibrous material in hydroxylamine (ASFPAN10) realized 35% GenX removal from a 100 mg/L aqueous solution at pH = 4 and 0.24 g/L loading after a simple one-time filtration with a GenX removal capacity of ~0.6 mmol/g. The mechanism study indicated that the GenX adsorption on PAN nanofibrous adsorbent could be mainly ascribed to hydrophobic interaction and dipole-dipole interaction between C N and C–F while the GenX adsorption on ASFPAN10 nanofibrous adsorbent could be mainly attributed to coulomb force between positive-charged C N+(OH)–H from ASFPAN10 and negative-charged COO− from GenX. Compared to that of PAN, the more hydrophilic surface of ASFPAN10 facilitated water access to the nanofibrous adsorbent surface and also contributed to the higher GenX removal efficiency. For the first time, this research pointed out a direction to use common economic materials for effective remediation of short-chain PFAS from water bodies especially at relatively high PFAS centration.
What a birth mother wants paediatricians to know about diagnosing a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

In England and Scotland, 24% of adults regularly drink over the chief medical officer’s low-risk guidelines, and 27% of drinkers in Great Britain binge drink on their heaviest drinking days.1 A recent article2 suggests 41.3% of pregnant women in the UK consume alcohol at some point during pregnancy, which can be extrapolated to a modelled estimate prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) of 3.2%. Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is the leading preventable cause of intellectual and developmental disabilities in the world.3 FASDs result from PAE. The shame and stigma of drinking during pregnancy and the fear of losing their children often prevent women from honestly disclosing their usage histories with their child’s paediatrician. Keeping these ‘secrets’ about alcohol consumption makes it difficult to make a correct diagnosis in children and can lead to relapse, stress, depression, anxiety and an escalation in drinking.4 Women should not be blamed or shamed when they expose a pregnancy to alcohol or other substances.4 > Hearing the words ‘Your daughter has fetal alcohol syndrome’ hit me like a tsunami. I was drowning in waves of grief, disbelief, horror and remorse. In 1984, my daughter was born full-term weighing 5 lbs 12 oz. I went home from the hospital with a small but perfectly normal baby. The first two years we experienced many delayed milestones: she crawled, walked, and talked late. Her first pediatrician used to tell me ‘there is something not quite right about her, but I just can’t put my finger on it’. That used to bother me so much because to me she was simply perfect. > > When I took her to the new doctor for her 2-year check-up, I was asked all the typical milestone questions which I answered honestly. At one point, the pediatrician asked me if …
Online Bipartite Matching with Predicted Degrees.

We propose a model for online graph problems where algorithms are given access to an oracle that predicts the degrees of nodes in the graph (e.g., based on past data). Within this model, we study the classic problem of online bipartite matching. An extensive empirical evaluation shows that a greedy algorithm called MinPredictedDegree compares favorably to state-of-the-art online algorithms for this problem. We also initiate the theoretical study of MinPredictedDegree on a natural random graph model with power law degree distribution and show that it produces matchings almost as large as the maximum matching on such graphs.
After Tragedy and Triumph: Essays in Modern Jewish Thought and the American Experience

The story of American Jewry is inextricably entwined with the awesome defeat of the Holocaust and the rebirth of the state of Israel. However, for Michael Berenbaum, and others of his generation, whose adult consciousness included the war in Lebanon and the Palestinian Uprisings, the tale is more anguished, for the Jewish people is now divided, uncertain about the implications of the past and the direction of its future.Berenbaum explores the Jewish identity of this generation, the first to mature after tragedy and triumph. He probes the Holocaust's impact on Jewish consciousness and the imprint of American culture on Jewish identity. While demonstrating that the security of victory is one step from the anguish of victims, even when the victors have recently emerged from the fire, Berenbaum holds out the hope of liberation for Judaism, maintaining that five thousand years of history, with its chapter of Holocaust and empowerment, provide a unique foundation upon which to build a future.
Public Health and Water Quality Significance of Viral Diseases Transmitted by Drinking Water and Recreational Water

A review of the available information from case and outbreak reports and the results of prospective and retrospective studies revealed that the potential for the spread of viral diseases by the use of fecally contaminated drinking and recreational water has only been realized for infectious hepatitis and viral gastroenteritis. These two, however, are the most serious and prevalent, respectively, of the water-related diseases. A model is described for predicting the beach specific, swimming-associated rates and annual number of cases of gastroenteritis. The inputs are the swimming-associated, gastroenteritis rate-bathing water enterococcus density regression equation developed from the USEPA prospective epidemiologic-microbiologic studies and the distribution of enterococcus density estimates and annual number of swimmers at the beach in question. In general, the gastroenteritis rates predicted from the enterococcus model were less than those from the corresponding E. coli model. Detectable rates at the 75 percentile level and rates approaching or exceeding 5/1000 swimmers at the 90 percentile level were predicted for 7 and 14, respectively, of the 87 sampling station-beach associations. All but one of the fourteen stations were potentially impacted by known municipal wastewater discharges and two of the associated beaches were posted as unsafe for swimming. The inapplicability of the model to beaches impacted with small, immediate sources of fecal wastes or stormwater run-off is noted. The limitations in the use of findings from the analysis of outbreak reports in the evaluation and establishment of water quality criteria and, hence, the need for prospective, drinking water and shellfish epidemiological studies is discussed. The need for such studies also derives from the results of the bathing beach study in that they suggest that cases of gastroenteritis are occurring with acceptable drinking and shellfish growing waters. The need for tissue culture enumerative methods for the viral gastroenteritis agents and methodology for determining the biological decay coefficients for these agents and their indicators is noted.
Handbook of the Equity Risk Premium

Edited by Rajnish Mehra, this volume focuses on the equity risk premium puzzle, a term coined by Mehra and Prescott in 1985 which encompasses a number of empirical regularities in the prices of capital assets that are at odds with the predictions of standard economic theory.
Specific Insulin Binding to Purified Na,K-ATPase Associated with Rapid Activation of the Enzyme

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an experimental study on specific insulin binding to purified Na, K–ATPase associated with rapid activation of the enzyme. The first observations of insulin interaction with highly purified Na, K–ATPase is reported in the chapter. The enzyme was prepared by the method of Jorgensen from dog renal outer medulla. The chapter shows the initial stimulation of a function of insulin concentration. Analysis of 66 test experiments with 100 controls showed a highly significant stimulation of the specific activity, although the sensitivity to insulin was rather variable. Specific insulin binding to the Na, K–ATPase preparations was measured by the techniques of filtration and centrifugation.
A proton magnetic resonance study of the association of lysozyme with monosaccharide inhibitors.

It has been shown that the acetamido methyl protons of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine undergo a chemical shift to higher fields in their proton magnetic resonance spectrum when the inhibitor is bound to lysozyme. The observed chemical shift in the presence of the enzyme is different for the agr- and s-anomeric forms of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose indicating either a difference in the affinity of the anomeric forms for lysozyme or different magnetic environments for the methyl protons in their enzyme-bound state. That the agr- and s-anomeric forms of GlcAc bind to lysozyme in a competitive fashion was indicated by observing the proton magnetic resonance spectra in the presence of 2-acetamido-d3-2-deoxy-agr-d-glucopyranose. The methyl glycosides, methyl-agr-GlcAc and methyl-s-GlcAc, were also shown to bind competitively with both anomers of GlcAc. Quantitative analysis of the chemical shift data observed for the association of GlcAc with lysozyme was complicated by the mutarotation of GlcAc between its agr- and s-anomeric forms. However, in the case of the methyl glucosides, where the conformation of each anomer is frozen, it was possible to analyze the chemical shift data in a straightforward manner, and the dissociation constant as well as the chemical shift of the acetamido methyl protons of the enzyme-inhibitor complex was determined for both anomers. The results indicate that the two anomers of methyl-GlcAc bind to lysozyme with slightly different affinities but that the acetamido methyl groups of both anomers experience identical magnetic environments in the enzyme-inhibitor complex.
Knowledge based activity recognition with dynamic bayesian network

In this paper, we propose solutions on learning dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) with domain knowledge for human activity recognition. Different types of domain knowledge, in terms of first order probabilistic logics (FOPLs), are exploited to guide the DBN learning process. The FOPLs are transformed into two types of model priors: structure prior and parameter constraints. We present a structure learning algorithm, constrained structural EM (CSEM), on learning the model structures combining the training data with these priors. Our method successfully alleviates the common problem of lack of sufficient training data in activity recognition. The experimental results demonstrate simple logic knowledge can compensate effectively for the shortage of the training data and therefore reduce our dependencies on training data.
Human p190A RhoGAP binds eIF3A and exists in a complex with the 48S translational pre-initiation complex (1013.8)

By regulating the actin cytoskeleton Rho GTPases control biological processes such as cell migration, adhesion and polarity. p190A RhoGAP is an important yet poorly understood Rho GTPase regulator. To shed further light on the functions of p190A RhoGAP, we performed mass spectroscopic analysis of associated proteins. Here we report that human p190A, but not its related paralog p190B, forms a stable complex with multiple subunits of the 48S translational pre-initiation complex. Complex formation involves a direct interaction between the first FF domain of p190A and the PCI/PAM domain of eIF3A. This interaction does not appear to be regulated by Y308 phosphorylation, previously found to control the p190A directed cytoplasmic sequestration of TFII-I, but may instead by controlled by phosphorylation of S296 by an as yet unknown protein kinase. Although other reasons for the detected interaction cannot be ruled out, we speculate that p190A RhoGAP may serve as an anchoring protein allowing the localized transla...
Acute respiratory distress syndrome: estimated incidence and mortality rate in a 5 million-person population base

Various estimates of the incidence and mortality rate of the acute (adult) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been published. The studies that led to those estimates were based on relatively small patient populations and employed variable diagnostic identifiers of ARDS. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of ARDS and its mortality rate from a large database to which refined diagnostic criteria were applied. We conducted a retrospective review of all hospital discharges over a 4-year period, using screening criteria designed to select patients with ARDS. Discharges from all acute care hospitals in the state of Maryland were reviewed using a computer database from the Health Services Cost Review Commission (HSCRC). Patients ≥ 12 years of age were included. Screening criteria consisted of ICD-9 codes 518.5 and 518.82 cross-referenced with procedural codes for ventilatory support (96.70, 96.71 and 96.72). Data were normalized to the number of cases per 100,000 people. During the 4-year study period there were 2,501,147 hospitalizations. Applying the ICD-9 ARDS criteria yielded lower and upper limits of 159-205, 439-568, 531-694 and 529-720 cases of ARDS for 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995, respectively. Normalizing for a population of 5 million yields yearly lower and upper limit rates of 3.2-4.2, 8.8-11.4, 10.6-13.8 and 10.5-14.2 cases of ARDS per 100,000 people. Mortality upper and lower limit rates based upon the same duration, admissions and population were 38-49%, 39-52%, 36-47%, and 36-49%, respectively. The incidence of ARDS in Maryland is in the range of 10-14 cases per 100,000 people. The ARDS mortality rate is 36% to 52%, similar to that calculated in previous studies.
Timely Initiation of Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Cardiac Arrest: A Resident-Driven Quality Improvement Project (P4.284)

OBJECTIVE: To promote earlier initiation of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest using a resident-driven QI project. BACKGROUND: Therapeutic hypothermia favorably impacts neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest, and earlier cooling is likely associated with improved outcomes. At our institution, neurology residents assess these patients and help determine eligibility for cooling. Once a patient is deemed eligible, it can be challenging to begin cooling measures quickly. To encourage early initiation of cooling, our department utilized a hospital-supported resident financial incentive program for quality improvement measures. Our goal was to initiate cooling in 80% of eligible patients within 30 minutes of consultation. If cooling was initiated in the field, a decision regarding continuation of cooling would be made within 30 minutes. DESIGN/METHODS: Pilot data was collected over 3 months, and primary data collection occurred over 11 months. Residents documented the times at which consults were called and at which therapeutic hypothermia was initiated. Residents were educated on the importance of early cooling and on strategies for decreasing the time to cooling using systems-based solutions. RESULTS: Between July 2012 and May 2013, 22 consults were called for therapeutic hypothermia. Of those patients who arrested outside of the hospital, 8 had cooling initiated in the field. In 20 out of 22 eligible patients, cooling was initiated or continued within 30 minutes of the time when the consult was called, compared to 3 out of 7 patients in our pilot dataset (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Under the financial incentive system, residents successfully decreased the median time to initiation or continuation of cooling in patients following cardiac arrest. Residents reported that having a stated time-based goal empowered them to be more aggressive in advocating for early initiation of cooling measures in real time. Disclosure: Dr. Rosow has nothing to disclose. Dr. Josephson has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Annals of Neurology and Journal Watch Neurology.
Exploring Identity and Assimilation: Research and Interpretive Poems

Indem traditionelle qualitative Daten und Gedichte prasentiert werden, sollen in diesem Beitrag die Assimilationserfahrungen einer indianische Frau mit ihrer bikulturellen Herkunft untersucht werden. Daten werden dabei auf dreifache Weise aufbereitet, jede mit unterschiedlichen Implikationen fur qualitative Forschung und fur an kunstlerischen Ausdrucksformen orientierte Methoden. Zunachst geht es um ein Tiefeninterview und um interpretative Kommentare zu diesem Interview. In einem nachsten Schritt wird ein forschungsnahes Gedicht vorgestellt, das die exakte Sprache der Untersuchungspartnerin in verdichteter Form nutzt. Hiernach folgen zwei interpretative Gedichte, die der Bemuhung der Autorin und des Autors geschuldet sind, die Essenz der subjektiven Erfahrung der Untersuchungspartnerin in literarischer Form auf den Punkt zu bringen. Starken und Schwachen jeder dieser Vorgehensweisen werden skizziert, und Implikationen, die mit dem Einbezug von Gedichten und anderen kunstlerischen Ausdrucksformen in den Forschungsprozess verbunden sind, werden diskutiert. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs040254