cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ovarian veins: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in an asymptomatic population

Purpose To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) venographic appearance of the ovarian veins in a healthy population, correlated with surgical findings. Our data can be used as a basis for comparison to patients with suspected pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed exams of 22 women who had MR angiography for potential renal donation evaluation (age range, 19.3–60.5 years; mean, 38 years). We evaluated the diameter of the ovarian veins on dynamic multiphasic postcontrast coronal images, the phase of contrast appearance in these veins, the apparent direction of flow, and the presence of ovarian or pelvic varices. Surgical correlation was obtained in 12 patients. Clinical charts were reviewed and patients were asked about symptoms of chronic pelvic pain and the number of their children. Results Of the 22 exams, 21 left gonadal veins were identified. Passive reflux from the left renal vein into the left gonadal vein was suggested in eight exams (38%). These veins had a mean diameter of 6.4 ± 1.6 mm, significantly larger than 4.5 ± 1.3 mm for the other 13 left gonadal veins without reflux (P < 0.005). The right gonadal vein was identified in 8 of 22 women, with a mean diameter of 4.4 ± 0.5 mm. No patient reported symptoms of chronic pelvic pain. Conclusion Passive reflux from the left renal vein to the left gonadal vein can occur in asymptomatic women. Diagnosis of PCS depends heavily on appropriate clinical history. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;15:551–556. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
ESR study of a novel fluorinated nitroxide biradical

Abstract The ESR spectrum of the fluorinated, nitroxide biradical, CF 3 N(O·)CF 2 CF 2 -N(O·)CF 3 , “PDHD,” has been obtained on the pure liquid and in solution. When the pure liquid is rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen, it forms a purple glass and its spectrum shows the ΔM s ± 2 and ΔM s ± 1 transitions of the triplet state. Upon warming, the sample undergoes a phase transition at −140°C to a yellow, polycrystalline solid which is diamagnetic. The change in color and loss of paramagnetism is attributed to the formation of dimers upon crystallization. Upon melting, the yellow solid reverts to the purple paramagnetic liquid. In dilute solution, PDHD exhibits an anomalous ESR spectrum and nonlinear behavior with dilution. These results are explained by proposing that the biradical undergoes association in solution to form oligomers in which the two unpaired electrons act independently.
Nuclear safety, legal aspects and policy recommendations for space nuclear power and propulsion systems

Abstract This paper represents a chapter of the International Astronautical Academy's Cosmic Study on safety, legal and policy aspects of advanced (specifically nuclear) power and propulsions systems; it is divided into several sections. The first section covers a series of findings and develops a set of recommendations for operations of space reactor systems in a safe, environmentally compliant fashion. The second section develops a generic set of hazard scenarios that might be experienced by a space nuclear system with emphasis on different methods under which such a system could be engaged, such as surface power, in-space nuclear electric or nuclear thermal propulsion. The third section develops these into test and analysis efforts that would likely be conducted. Risk areas with engineering judgment set toward frequency and consequences. The fourth section identifies what probable technology limits might be experienced by nuclear propulsion systems and the exploration limitations these technology restrictions might impose. Where the IAA recommends a change, the IAA leadership should be prepared to work with national and international bodies to implement the desired modifications.
Posttraumatic enlargement of the spleen: A possible sign of delayed rupture

This report describes a bluntly, traumatized patient whose spleen underwent significant enlargement, as documented by serial computed tomographic scans before splenic rupture. It is proposed that posttraumatic splenic enlargement is a possible sign of impending splenic rupture.
Newer antidepressants and other nonhormonal agents for the treatment of hot flashes.

The reluctance to use estrogen in breast cancer survivors with hot flashes has extended to its use in healthy women since the 2002 publication of the Women’s Health Initiative study. This article reviews the clinical development of nonhormonal agents as alternatives to hormonal therapy for the management of hot flashes.
Optimizing Movement Speed for Acquisition across Levels of Intelligence

Three movement speeds (400, 800, and 1200 msec.) were examined to ascertain the optimal condition under which differing intellectual and developmental groups might acquire an arm-movement task. Parallel acquisition was observed only at the two slower speeds (800 and 1200 msec.), hence the faster of these (800 msec.) was deemed to be most optimal for expanded investigation.
Abstract A82: Understanding disparities in acute leukemia: A national study

Background: Disparities in solid tumors have been well studied. However disparities in hematologic malignancies in adults remain relatively unexplored. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between race/ethnicity and mortality from acute leukemia among adults. Methods: All patients with acute leukemia (Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)) were identified in the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, 1998–2008. Kaplan Meier curves were generated to reflect mortality by race/ethnicity. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard of mortality by race with adjustment for individual covariates (age, gender) and specific chromosomal translocations (11q23 and 15;17q24;q21). Results: A total of 40,951 patients with acute leukemia were included in the study. Overall, there was a disparity in mortality in acute leukemia for Blacks (HR 1.17, p Conclusions: Overall, disparities in acute leukemia mortality exist for Blacks and Hispanics compared with NHWs. While incidence and mortality are consistently increased among Hispanics with acute leukemia, Blacks suffer from a low incidence but higher mortality paradox as is seen in other solid tumors such as breast cancer. Further investigation is needed to understand the drivers of poor outcomes in these populations. Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011;20(10 Suppl):A82.
Computer separation of unitary spikes from whole-nerve recordings.

Abstract A practical and efficient off-line computer technique is described for automatically separating unitary waveforms from multiunit whole-nerve spike train data with no a priori knowledge about the number of units or their waveforms. The procedure requires two recording electrodes which provide 3 measures on each putative unit: (1) peak-to-peak amplitude on the proximal channel, (2) amplitude on the distal channel, and (3) temporal offset (depends on conduction velocity) between proximal and distal spikes. On the basis of these 3 measurements, individual unitary spikes are automatically separated into clusters according to empirically-determined limits of variability. The results of the program are displayed in 3-D plots of the 3 measures on each unitary spike and in plots of superimposed waveforms from each cluster. These plots can be used to interactively correct clustering errors. The procedure is illustrated with a 1-min segment of spike train data recorded in vivo from the siphon nerve of a freely-behaving Aplysia. We routinely obtain about 10 relatively well-isolated units in such segments. By utilizing the average waveforms and conduction velocities for individual clusters, it may eventually be possible to separate unitary spikes from compound waveforms resulting from simultaneous firing of two or more units.
Dynamic spherical cavity expansion in brittle ceramics

Abstract In this paper we derived the pressure required to open a spherical cavity in an infinite brittle ceramic at a constant speed. The ceramic material is assumed to crack upon reaching its elastic limit. Subsequent failure of the cracked material due to compressive failure renders pulverization of the material. The pulverized material is assumed to follow a Mohr–Coulomb type constitutive behavior. The results show that at high cavity expansion speeds the comminuted region outruns the cracked region, i.e. the cracked region disappears. At very high cavity expansion speeds the comminuted zone propagation speed saturates at a level slightly below the longitudinal wave speed. Limited comparison with experimental penetration resistance shows reasonable agreement between theory and experiment.
Deletion mapping of endocrine tumors localizes a second tumor suppressor gene on chromosome band 11q13

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome (MEN1, MIM 131100), an autosomal dominant disease, is characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas. These tumors also occur sporadically. Both the familial (MEN1) and the sporadic tumors reveal loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for chromosome band 11q13 sequences. Based on prior linkage and LOH analyses, the MEN1 gene was localized between PYGM and D11S460. Recently, the MEN1 gene (menin) has been cloned from sequences 30-kb distal to PYGM. We performed deletion mapping on 25 endocrine tumors (5 MEN1 and 20 sporadic) by using 21 polymorphic markers on chromosome band 11q13. Of these, two (137C7A, 137C7B) were derived from PYGM-containing BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome-137C7) sequences, one from INT2-containing cosmid sequences and the marker D11S4748, a (CA)20 repeat marker that was developed by us. The LOH analysis shows that the markers close to the MEN1 (menin) gene were not deleted in three of the tumors. These tumors, however, showed LOH for distal markers. Thus, the data suggest the existence of a second tumor suppressor gene on chromosome band 11q13. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 22:130–137, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
You want us to support WHAT?!? negotiation, delivery and cultivation: the gateway to excellent service deployment

In 2009, the Campus Information Technologies and Educational Services (CITES) Help Desk at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign began taking a more active role in supporting many of the services provided by CITES. The introduction of new services is inevitable. Providing excellent support requires collaboration from the early planning stages through implementation and beyond.The Help Desk experienced varied results during the integration of new services. Join us as we explore the importance of communication and collaboration between service managers and the Help Desk. We will discuss our successes and failures, past and present.Our approach contains requirements that must be satisfied before the Help Desk takes on support responsibilities. We are the face of the organization. We must be an advocate for our customers.We have a vision of how this organic process should work. Gaining trust and cooperation will be the foundation of a world-class institution.
Internet Service Providers and Search Warrants

Abstract Internet service providers (ISPs) offer a key role in cyberspace, providing Internet capabilities and e-mail services to the public, government, and industry. The courts are still refining the legal status of ISPs. A recent column (ISS, November/December 2002) discussed the role of an ISP when its subscribers write libelous materials about outside parties. This column evaluates how an ISP must react when the activities of one of its customers are subject to the terms of a court-ordered search warrant.
Human immunodeficiency virus gp120-induced apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells in the absence of CXCR4 internalization

The chemokine receptor CXCR4 functions as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 coreceptor and is involved in acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) neuropathogenesis. CXCR4 is expressed by most cell types in the brain, including microglia, astrocytes, and neurons. Studies have shown that the HIV envelope protein gp120 binds to neuronal CXCR4 and activates signal transduction pathways leading to apoptosis. However, the natural CXCR4 ligand (CXCL12) has been referred to induce both neuronal survival and death. Here the authors used flow cytometry to determine whether gp120 and CXCL12 differ in their ability to induce CXCR4 internalization in the human neuroblastoma cells SH-SY5Y, which constitutively express CXCR4. As expected, increasing concentration of CXCL12 reduced surface expression of CXCR4 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Conversely, gp120IIIB (monomeric or oligomeric, in presence or absence of soluble CD4) did not change CXCR4 membrane levels. Similar results were obtained in a murine lymphocyte cell line (300-19) stably expressing human CXCR4. Nevertheless, gp120IIIB was still able to activate intracellular signaling and proapoptotic pathways, via CXCR4. These results show that gp120IIIB toxicity and signaling do not require CXCR4 internalization in SH-SY5Y cells, and suggest that the viral protein may alter normal CXCR4 trafficking thus, interfering with activation of prosurvival pathways.
Lateral mobility of class I histocompatibility antigens in B lymphoblastoid cell membranes: modulation by cross-linking and effect of cell density.

We have studied the lateral mobility of class 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins in the membranes of human Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells using fluorescence photobleaching recovery. Class I MHC antigens were labeled with either W6/32 monoclonal antibody or its Fab fragment directly conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate. The diffusion coefficient of class I antigens labeled with Fab fragments of W6/32 was identical to that of a lipid analogue, fluorescein phosphatidylethanolamine, and was 10-fold greater than that of antigens labeled with intact W6/32. Furthermore, antigens labeled with Fab fragments but not with intact W6/32 had fractional mobilities identical to that of the lipid probe. The lateral mobility of class I antigens was dependent on the time of incubation with fluorescent antibody and on the presence of antibody microaggregates. Finally, class I MHC proteins labeled with intact W6/32 but not with Fab fragments were immobilized in the membranes of most cells grown in suspension at high cell density. These results suggest that, in the unperturbed state, class I MHC antigens diffuse as rapidly as membrane lipid, i.e., without cytoskeletal constraint. Cross-linking with bivalent ligand and growth to high cell density may trigger membrane events leading to slowing and immobilization of these proteins.
Neurotoxic insecticides inhibit GABA-dependent chloride uptake by mouse brain vesicles.

Abstract The neurotoxic insecticides endrin, dieldrin, aldrin, lindane (γ-1,2,3,4,5,6,-hexachlorocyclohexane) and deltamethrin inhibited γ-aminobutyric acid-dependent 36 Cl − uptake by mouse brain vesicles. Of the insecticides examined, the chlorinated cyclodienes endrin and dieldrin were the most potent, producing 50% inhibition at 2.8 and 13.9 μM, respectively. Lindane and deltamethrin were less effective, and with deltamethrin the effect was incompletely stereospecific. These results demonstrate the disruption of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor-chloride ionophore function in mammalian brain by neurotoxic insecticides and provide evidence that this complex is the principal site of cyclodiene action.
Splicing of 5′ Introns Dictates Alternative Splice Selection of Acetylcholinesterase Pre-mRNA and Specific Expression during Myogenesis

Splicing of alternative exon 6 to invariant exons 2, 3, and 4 in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) pre-mRNA results in expression of the prevailing enzyme species in the nervous system and at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle. The structural determinants controlling splice selection are examined in differentiating C2-C12 muscle cells by selective intron deletion from and site-directed mutagenesis in the Ache gene. Transfection of a plasmid lacking two invariant introns (introns II and III) within the open reading frame of the Ache gene, located 5′ of the alternative splice region, resulted in alternatively spliced mRNAs encoding enzyme forms not found endogenously in myotubes. Retention of either intron II or III is sufficient to control the tissue-specific pre-mRNA splicing pattern prevalent in situ. Further deletions and branch point mutations revealed that upstream splicing, but not the secondary structure of AChE pre-mRNA, is the determining factor in the splice selection. In addition, deletion of the alternative intron between the splice donor site and alternative acceptor sites resulted in aberrant upstream splicing. Thus, selective splicing of AChE pre-mRNA during myogenesis occurs in an ordered recognition sequence in which the alternative intron influences the fidelity of correct upstream splicing, which, in turn, determines the downstream splice selection of alternative exons.
Identification of coding polymorphisms in human circadian rhythm genes PER1, PER2, PER3, CLOCK, ARNTL, CRY1, CRY2 and TIMELESS in a multi-ethnic screening panel.

Study objective: In this study, the exonic regions of the circadian rhythm genes PER1, PER2, PER3, CLOCK, ARNTL, CRY1, CRY2 and TIMELESS were re-sequenced and coding changes identified in a panel of 95 individuals varying in ethnicity.Study participants: DNA screening panel consisting of 95 DNA samples (17 American Caucasians, 17 African Americans, 8 Ashkenazi Jews, 8 Chinese, 8 Japanese, 5 Mexican Indians, 8 Mexicans, 8 Northern Europeans, 8 Puerto Ricans, and 8 South Americans) selected from the Coriell Institute Human Variation Panel.Results: In addition to coding changes already identified in the database dbSNP, novel coding changes were identified, including PER1: Pro37Ser, Pro351Ser, Gln988Pro, Ala998Thr; PER2: Leu83Arg, Leul57Leu, Threl74Ile, Phe400Phe, Pro822Pro, Ala828Thr, Ala861Val, Phe876Leu, Val883Met, Val903Ile, Ala923Pro; PER3: Pro67Pro, Val90Ile, His638His, Ala820Ala, Leu929Leu; ARNTL: Argl66Gln, Ser459Phe; CLOCK: Ala34Ala, Ser208Cys, Phe233Phe, Ser632Thr, Ser816Ser; TIMELESS: Met870Val and...
The MITLL NIST LRE 2009 language recognition system

This paper presents a description of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory language recognition system submitted to the NIST 2009 Language Recognition Evaluation (LRE). This system consists of a fusion of three core recognizers, two based on spectral similarity and one based on tokenization. The 2009 LRE differed from previous ones in that test data included narrowband segments from worldwide Voice of America broadcasts as well as conventional recorded conversational telephone speech. Results are presented for the 23-language closed-set and open-set detection tasks at the 30, 10, and 3 second durations along with a discussion of the language-pair task. On the 30 second 23-language closed set detection task, the system achieved a 1.64 average error rate.
Context-dependent hidden control neutral network architecture for continuous speech recognition

The authors present a context-dependent, phoneme and function work based, hidden control neutral network (HCNN-CDF) architecture for continuous speech recognition. The system can be seen as a large vocabulary extension of the word-based HCNN system proposed by E. Levin (1990). Two main extensions towards a large vocabulary speech recognition system are presented and discussed, i.e., the context-dependent HCNN phoneme model and the context-dependent HCNN function word model. When compared to the linked predictive neural network (LPNN) system of, J. Tebelskis (1990) significant savings in resource requirements and computational load for the HCNN-CDF implementation can be achieved. In speaker-dependent recognition experiments with perplexity 111, the current versions of the LPNN and HCNN-CDF systems achieve 60% and 75% word recognition accuracies, respectively. >
Ultrasonic Guided Waves For NDE of Adhesively Bonded Structures

A rather sophisticated guided wave technology is introduced to solve a practical aging aircraft problem of delaminations and/or corrosion detection in either a lap splice joint or a tear strap. A Double Spring Hopping Probe is designed to achieve excellent contact on a curved aircraft structures. A guided wave resonance tuning concept for frequency is also discussed with respect to attaining reliable bond integrity measurements. A variety of experiments are discussed including experiments performed during the field trial on a Boeing 737-222 aircraft.
Relation of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors between Parents and Children.

Objectives To explore the relations of parent-child cardiometabolic risk factors and assess the influence of adiposity on these associations. Study design Associations of adiposity, blood pressure (BP), lipids, fasting insulin and glucose, and a risk factor cluster score (CS) were evaluated in a cross-sectional study of 179 parents and their children (6-18 years, N = 255). Insulin resistance was assessed by euglycemic clamp in parents and children aged 10 years or older. Metabolic syndrome in parents was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. CSs of the risk factors were created based on age-specific z-scores. Analyses included Pearson correlation and linear regression, adjusted for parent and child age, sex, race, and body mass index (BMI), accounting for within-family correlation. Results We found positive parent-child correlations for measures of adiposity (BMI, BMI percentile, waist, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat; r = 0.22-0.34, all P ≤ .003), systolic BP (r = 0.20, P = .002), total cholesterol (r = 0.39, P Conclusions Although adiposity is strongly correlated between parents and children, many cardiometabolic risk factors correlate independent of parent and child BMI. Adverse parental cardiometabolic profiles may identify at-risk children independent of the child's adiposity status.
Which online channel is right? Online auction channel choice for personal computers in the presence of demand decay

Electronic commerce has become a viable marketing channel for many companies as they take advantage of the ease of electronic markets to move merchandise quickly and inexpensively. Researchers have investigated the use of an e-commerce channel in conjunction with traditional channels, but less research has been dedicated to choosing which e-commerce channel to use. In this study, we examine the choices made by Dell, a computer manufacturer, about whether to utilize their own proprietary auction site to sell computers or to use eBay, a popular and well-established third-party auction site, to move excess merchandise. We find that Dell receives a price premium over other vendors of Dell computers, and that DellAuction.com receives a price premium over eBay.com auctions. This price premium is drastically reduced as technology ages and is made obsolete by newer technology-based products. We further find that there is little to no price premium for extremely new technology, which is consistent with a contention that the online auction demand is so high for new technology that Dell cannot realize much of a price premium making a more popular third-party channel a more viable option.
The new forestry biofuels sector

Society's increasing demand for transportation fuels has assured a viable future for the development of renewable fuels. Although first-generation biofuels are dependent on starches, sugars and vegetable oils, the need to generate higher volumes of biofuels at lower cost has shifted the research focus to cellulosic ethanol. The utilization of lignocellulosics for the sustainable manufacturing of biofuels is critically dependent on the chemical constituents of the starting biomass and the desired fuel properties. This review examines the major chemical constituents of biomass and the recent advances in their conversion to biofuels, with a special emphasis on the forest residues and woody-energy crops to bioethanol. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Factors in Adolescent Drinking/Driving: Binge Drinking, Cigarette Smoking, and Gender

During three consecutive years, 3,137 high school seniors from three graduating classes in one Michigan county were surveyed. The primarily White sample reported their use of alcohol and cigarettes, driving experience, and drinking/driving experience. Survey data were linked with state driver history records. Fully one-third of the high school seniors reported driving after drinking in the past six months. To identify factors associated with self-reported drinking/driving, correlation and regression analyses were conducted. Frequent binge drinking and riding with a drinking driver were consistent factors in driving after drinking frequency. Being male, smoking cigarettes, having frequent use of a motor vehicle, having a driving offense on record, and number of years licensed were important correlates, varying by year of graduation. Comprehensive interventions to moderate drinking, smoking, and driving after drinking are needed.
Novel methods of enhanced endoscopic imaging.

Endoscopy has become an essential part of the practice of gastroenterology. Techniques exploiting previously unused properties of light have demonstrated the potential to enhance the ability to make clinical diagnoses without removing tissue as has been standard practice for decades. The term used for many of these techniques is “optical biopsy” and, although not yet widely available, enthusiasm for such techniques has grown as has research in their potential clinical utility.
Congenital Heart Disease: Entering a New Era of Human Genetics

Congenital heart disease (CHD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood and is the most common human birth defect, affecting nearly 1% of all live births worldwide. The morphogenetic events that are disrupted during cardiogenesis that lead to CHD are now partially understood, as are many of the molecular networks that guide normal heart development. Studies of rare Mendelian forms of familial CHD, as well as CHD associated with stereotypic syndromes, have revealed numerous single-gene mutations that cause CHD. However, mutations in these genes are infrequent in the more common sporadic form of CHD. Despite epidemiological evidence for an inherited component in sporadic CHD, the contribution of inherited variants or de novo mutations in the setting of CHD has been unclear. A recent landmark article in Nature begins to tackle this question by using modern genetic approaches and suggests that roughly 10% of sporadic CHD cases have de novo mutations that contribute significantly to the disease process.
Altered NF-κB gene expression and collagen formation induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids

Abstract Inability to control collagen formation in vital organs (e.g., fibrosis) or stimulate healthy collagen production (CP) in connective tissues (e.g., ligaments) is a major cause of death and disability. This study tested the hypothesis that arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) influenced CP in 3T3-Swiss fibroblasts by altering gene expression in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. 3T3-Swiss fibroblasts were grown in medium containing either AA or EPA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to activate NF-κB, and parthenolide was used to block it. Cells treated with EPA had increased expression of genes in the NF-κB pathway when exposed to LPS and also produced more collagen. Parthenolide blocked NF-κB activation to a greater extent in EPA-treated cells and also decreased CP induced by NF-κB activation. Genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway that had increased expression in EPA-treated cells included the toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), adaptor proteins [TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (Traf6), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88], signal transduction kinases (NF-κB-inducing kinase, inhibitors of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer isoforms), inhibitor protein (I-κB alpha chain), transcription factors (nuclear factor of kappa light chain gene enhancer, p105 and NF-κB subunit p100), DNA binding proteins (cAMP response element binding protein) and response genes known to affect CP [interleukin 6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), monocyte chemotactic protein-1]. This study raises the possibility that fatty acids may be used as adjuvants in combination with other therapies (e.g., selective targeting of the NF-κB pathway) to control collagen formation.
Particle resuspension during the use of vacuum cleaners on residential carpet.

Vacuuming is generally considered to be an important activity with respect to the cleanliness of indoor environments but may lead to short-term resuspension of particulate matter and elevated particle mass in indoor air. Because resuspended particles often contain toxicants, such as lead and pesticides, or consist of biological agents that can trigger allergic reactions, it is important to understand the role of vacuuming on short-term variations in indoor particulate matter concentrations. The inhalation of particles during vacuuming events may affect adversely those whose occupation requires them to clean a wide range of indoor environments, from homes to schools and offices, as well as those who occupy those environments. In response, a series of 46 experiments was completed to determine time-variant concentrations of both PM 10 and PM 2.5 during various vacuuming activities in 12 separate apartments. Experiments involved the use of two different non-HEPA vacuum cleaners and were completed with a vacuu...
Management of dentin dysplasia and facial disharmony.

SUMMARY Patients with unusual congenital dental anomalies are often referred to the hospital dentistry team for evaluation and treatment recommendations. Communication between oral surgeon, orthodontist, pedodontist, periodontist, and prosthodontist after a combined single examination may simplify the treatment alternatives and save the patient the frustration and confusion of seeking treatment from a number of specialists. When necessary, com- bined treatment can be efficiently coordinated at the original consultation appointment. The recommendations of each specialist are then recorded together in the hospital record. This' simplifies follow-up treatment and allows for easy transfer of information should the patient move to another location. In complex treat- ment cases, the pooling of dental specialist re- sources may permit conservatism and answer the patient's needs with lifetime perspectives.
Similarities and Contrasts in the Creative Processes of the Sciences and the Arts

ABSTRACT The author describes his experiences as first a scientist and later an early digital artist, which led him to recognize both similarities and contrasts in the thinking and practice of art and science.
Deep Cerebral Infarcts Extending to the Subinsular Region

Background and Purpose— We sought to determine the clinical and radiological features and pathogenesis of deep cerebral infarcts extending to the subinsular region (DCIs). Methods— We defined DCIs as subcortical infarcts extending between the lateral ventricle and the subinsular region with a paraventricular extent >1.5 cm and a subinsular extent of at least one third of the anteroposterior extent of the insula. We identified patients by review of imaging records and noted the clinical information, risk factors, and investigations. We compared risk factors and clinical features between DCIs and “internal border zone” infarcts restricted to the paraventricular region. Results— Eight patients were studied. The typical clinical features of DCIs were hemiparesis, aphasia, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Aphasia was seen in 3 of 5 patients with left-sided infarcts. Six of 8 patients (75%) had hypoperfusion as a possible pathogenetic factor (carotid occlusion in 4, surgical clipping of MCA in 1, low ejection fractio...
Fostering Monetary and Financial Cooperation in East Asia

Since the Asian financial crisis of 1997-1998, there has been a deep and abiding desire on the part of Asian policy makers and opinion makers to enhance the region’s economic, monetary and financial self-sufficiency - or at least to ring-fence the region against financial instability and give it a louder voice in global financial affairs. There has been progress in these directions, notably in the form of the Chiang Mai Initiative of financial supports and the Asian Bond Market Initiative to build a single Asian financial market. But progress is hindered by disagreements among the principal national governments - Japan, China and South Korea - and resistance to the development of an Asian bloc from both Europe and the United States.This volume considers these issues from a number of different national and analytical perspectives. Scholars from all the relevant regions and countries are represented: Japan, China, Korea, Europe and the United States. While there have been a few previous books and articles concerned with the issue of Asian integration, this is one of the first volumes to successfully draw together top contributors from these different countries and regions to address the issues in a rigorous but relatively accessible way.
Motion of an Unarticulated Helicopter Blade

This paper investigates the bending oscillation perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the unarticulated helicopter blade. The motion is comparable to the flapping of the hinged rotor blade. Two differential equations of motion are written in terms of two of the natural modes of the blades. The solutions of the equations are a pair of infinite Fourier series in terms of the position of the blade in azimuth. The series are approximated by their constant and first harmonic terms. Six simultaneous linear algebraic equations written in terms of flight and blade parameters give the six Fourier coefficients. A sample problem is carried through, beginning with thephysical characteristics of a blade and yielding the bending motion at a specific flight condition. The method can be expanded both to include a larger number of natural modes and to achieve a closer approximation to the infinite series solutions. There are included a sufficient number of variables to describe blades of current design.
Impact of Cancer Therapy-Related Exposures on Late Mortality in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Survival of children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer has improved dramatically in recent decades, but the substantial burden of late morbidity and mortality (i.e., more than 5 years after cancer diagnosis) associated with pediatric cancer treatments is increasingly being recognized. Progression or recurrence of the initial cancer is a primary cause of death in the initial postdiagnosis period, but as survivors age, there is a dramatic shift in the cause-specific mortality profile. By 15 years postdiagnosis, the death rate attributable to health-related causes other than recurrence or external causes (e.g., accidents, suicide, assault) exceeds that due to primary disease, and by 30 years, these causes account for the largest proportion of cumulative mortality. The two most prominent causes of treatment-related mortality in childhood cancer survivors are subsequent malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular problems, the incidence of which can be largely attributed to the long-term toxicities of radiation and chemotherapy exposures. These late effects of treatment are likely to increase in importance as survivors continue to age, inspiring continued research to better understand their etiology and to inform early detection or prevention efforts.
Real-time indicators and targeted supports: using online platform data to accelerate student learning

Statway® is one of the Community College Pathways initiatives designed to promote students' success in their developmental math sequence and reduce the time required to earn college credit. A recent causal analysis confirmed that Statway dramatically increased students' success rates in half the time across two different cohorts. These impressive results were also obtained across gender and race/ethnicity groups. However, there is still room for improvement. Students who did not succeed in Statway often did not complete the first of the two-course sequence. Therefore, the objective of this study is to formulate a series of indicators from self-report and online learning system data, alerting instructors to students' progress during the first weeks of the first course in the Statway sequence.
Analysis Fire Hazard and Genesis in Public Entertainment Places and Fire Safety Management Countermeasure

In recent years,places of public entertainment place of injury incidents on the rise,to the society and the families of the victims to bring a very bad effect,for the comprehensive regulation of public places of entertainment of fire safety management and fire agencies,government every year for public entertainment to carry out fire safety special rectification work.From across the country on the places of public entertainment for inspection of the exposed problems and continuously to our fire accident alarm,do not pay attention to fire safety for public place of entertainment work easily lead to heavy fire accidents and deaths malignant fire accident,prevention and strengthen public places of entertainment of fire safety management work has been crunch time.
Analysis of the pediatric operation of electronic nursing records defects and countermeasures

Nursing documents is an important part of medical records and have legal effects,therefore,the nurses should complete such documents formally,objectively,faithfully,accurately,promptly and completely.The key to improve the quality of nursing documents lies in process quality control.Through implement the three-level real-time quality control and establish a long-term management mechanism,we can effectively improve the overall quality of operation of electronic nursing records.
Assessing the Falsity of the INDSCAL Model’s Data Assumptions: An Empirical Study of Retail Store Perceptions

This study has sought to assess the falsity of the INDSCAL model's data assumptions using data generated on perceptions of retail stores. The results of a COSPA (common space analysis) application revealed the meeting of the common space assumption and the non-meeting of the INDSCAL model's diagonality condition, The latter violation is indicative of meaningless subject weights and other than dimensional invariance. The implications of this finding are in turn discussed.
Genetic effects for reproductive traits in beef cattle and predicted performance.

Reproductive data were collected on 4,595 cow exposures and subsequent calvings over four generations in a rotational crossbreeding study involving Angus, Brahman, Charolais and Hereford breeds. Direct and maternal additive (Ig and Mg) and nonadditive (Ih and Mh) genetic effects were estimated for calving rate, calf survival, weaning rate, calving assistance and calf birth date. Genetic effects were estimated by regressing individual animal response on the proportion of genes from breed of origin and gene combinations expected for the four breeds in offspring and in dams. Breed direct and maternal additive and nonadditive genetic effects were expressed as a deviation from the least squares mean. Brahman Ig effects decreased calving and weaning rate (-9.5 +/- 4.0 and -11.8 +/- 4.4%) but Mh effects for weaning rate that included Brahman were positive, ranging from 16.5 +/- 6.7% for Angus-Brahman to 27.8 +/- 6.9% for Brahman-Hereford. The Brahman Ig effect delayed calf birth date (9.8 +/- 2.1 d; P less than .01), whereas Angus and Hereford Ig effects influenced earlier calf birth dates (-4.3 +/- 1.9 and -4.1 +/- 1.9 d; P less than .05). Brahman combination Mh effects also influenced earlier calf birth dates (P less than .01). The Charolais Ig effect for calving assistance was positive (4.3 +/- 1.9%; P less than .05), whereas Angus-Brahman and Brahman-Charolais Mh effects for calving assistance were negative (-6.5 +/- 3.2 and -7.0 +/- 3.2%; P less than .05) and more desirable. Predicted reproductive traits for rotational mating systems were intermediate between predicted reproductive traits for two- and three-breed terminal crosses. Predicted calving and weaning rates were maximized when Brahaman first-cross and Charolais-Hereford cows were used in three-breed cross mating systems.
Randomizing Social Networks: a Spectrum Preserving Approach.

Understanding the general properties of real social networks has gained much attention due to the proliferation of networked data. The nodes in the network are the individuals and the links among them denote their relationships. Many applications of networks such as anonymous Web browsing require relationship anonymity due to the sensitive, stigmatizing, or confidential nature of the relationship. One general approach for this problem is to randomize the edges in true networks, and only disclose the randomized networks. In this paper, we investigate how various properties of networks may be affected due to randomization. Specifically, we focus on the spectrum since the eigenvalues of a network are intimately connected to many important topological features. We also conduct theoretical analysis on the extent to which edge anonymity can be achieved. A spectrum preserving graph randomization method, which can better preserve network properties while protecting edge anonymity, is then presented and empirically evaluated.
Deconstructing Decisions to Initiate, Maintain, or Discontinue Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Mixed-Methods Study.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) has been shown to improve survival in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer survivors, but as many as half do not complete recommended treatment. Management of medication-related side effects and engagement with providers are two potentially modifiable factors, but their associations with adherence are not well understood. The aims were to build on survey results to qualitatively explore survivors' experiences with prescribed AET to (a) describe appraisal and management of AET side effects and (b) deconstruct decisions to initiate, discontinue, or maintain AET. . RESEARCH APPROACH The authors used a mixed-methods explanatory sequence research design with a qualitative emphasis. . SETTING Survivors were recruited from a clinical cancer registry maintained at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, which includes the Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center (National Cancer Institute-designated), in Dallas. . PARTICIPANTS 452 survivors completed a survey, and 30 took part in telephone interviews. . METHODOLOGIC APPROACH Qualitative methods were used in which the authors recorded and transcribed interviews for analysis and used open coding to reduce data into themes. . FINDINGS Among adherent survivors, the themes of tolerance of side effects and perseverance were strong. Nonadherent survivors expressed more difficulty managing side effects and perceived fewer benefits when side effects were bothersome. The most common side effects mentioned by all survivors were menopausal symptoms and joint pain; less common side effects were cognitive decline and cardiac distress. Some sought advice from their oncology team. Nonadherent survivors appeared initially motivated to maintain AET but identified a tolerance limit for side effects after which a provider's recommendation was less influential in their decision to maintain or discontinue AET. . INTERPRETATION This study elucidated adherence as a complex continuum of behaviors, appraisals, and decision points. These insights may be particularly useful in counseling survivors taking AET and promoting timely delivery of clinical interventions to enhance adherence. . IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses should be involved in the planning and implementation of clinical interventions to manage side effects and other barriers to AET adherence.
Near-Infrared Cyanine Dyes: A New Approach to an Old Problem

The design and synthesis of new heterocyclic end-groups for NM cyanine dyes based on the annelation of the pyrrole and benz[c,d]indole nucleus have been developed. The main principle used was the inclusion of the polymethine chain of the dye into a molecule of the condensed heterocycle thus achieving the deepest absorption of the cyanine dye with the minimum length of polymethine chain and in such a manner to increase the stability of the resulting compound.
COMPARISON OF COMPUTER SIMULATIONS AND BILLING DATA ENERGY USE IN SIXTY-THREE PASSIVE SOLAR HOMES IN CALIFORNIA

ABSTRACT Detailed building parameters including house plans and billing data were collected during visits to sixty-three passive solar houses located throughout California. These data were collected using the Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI) Class C questionnaire forms. Using these data, inputs for DOE 2.1 and CALPAS 3.01 Computer Codes were prepared and the predicted monthly energy use and indoor temperatures were obtained. The energy use predicted by the codes was compared to the energy use obtained from the billing data. The observed and predicted Building Performance Index (BPI) for each house was calculated using the billing data and the simulated performance. The DOE 2.1 results were generally closer to the billing data results. The data were also analyzed to see if there were systematic indications of the suitability of various passive system type for different climates. The preliminary analyses show no correlation between the system type and climate.
Melancholy and the body in the eighteenth century: the example of Samuel Johnson

Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), the great lexicographer and essayist, suffered from melancholy all his life. He believed that the disorder was congenital and that it afflicted his mind. To some degree, he saw the problem as arising in his abnormally large and partially disabled body. Locating the source of melancholy in his body, gave Johnson a way to deal with it, and it partially relieved him of the guilt and shame he felt concerning the disease. Johnson’s greatest fear concerning his condition was that it touched not only his mind but also his soul. In the form of scruples and spiritual torpor, melancholy weighed Johnson down and stimulated his fears of death and damnation. As a physical body, Johnson was perhaps deformed, but he was courageous. No physical danger frightened him, but he trembled for the life of his soul, and his melancholy, even if it was psycho-somatic (avant la lettre), was his greatest threat.
Electrochemical Detection of Acetaminophen with Silicon Nanowires

Acetaminophen (APAP) is an antipyretic, analgesic agent, the overdose of which during medical treatment poses a risk for liver failure. Hence, it is important to develop methods to monitor physiological APAP levels to avoid APAP. Here, we report an efficient, selective electrochemical APAP sensor made from depositing silicon nanowires (SiNWs) onto glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs). Electrocatalytic activity of the SiNW/GCE sensors was monitored under varying pH and concentrations of APAP using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA). CV of the SiNWs at 0.5 to 13 mmol dm-3 APAP concentrations was used to determine the oxidation and reduction potential of APAP. The selective detection of APAP was then demonstrated using CA at +0.568 V vs Ag/AgCl, where APAP is fully oxidized, in the 0.01 to 3 mmol dm-3 concentration range with potentially-interfering species. The SiNW sensor has the ability to detect APAP well within the detection limits for APAP toxicity, showing promise as a practical biosensor.
Mathematics of Philosophy or Philosophy of Mathematics

This article examines recent attempts to gain insight into philosophical paradoxes through using NDS models employing iterated difference equations and resulting phase portraits and escape time diagrams. The temporal nature of such models is contrasted with an alternative approach based on the a-temporal and non-dynamical construct of a lattice. Finally, there is a discussion of how such strategies for understanding paradox transcend the realm of empirical research and enter territory in the philosophy of mathematics.