cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of morphine on the transport of dopamine into mouse brain slices

Abstract The effect of various concentrations of morphine on the transport of dopamine (DA) into slices from the mouse brain cortex and diencephalon was investigated. It was observed that sub-analgetic levels of morphine, 3.5 × 10−8M, produced mixed inhibition in the cortex and uncompetitive inhibition in the diencephalon. When the concentration of morphine was increased to within the therapeutic range (3.5 × 10−6), a greater effect on DA affinity rather than reaction velocity was observed in the cortex although the inhibition remained mixed. Only the increase in inhibition of DA transport observed by increasing the morphine concentration from 3.5 × 10−8 to 3.5 × 10−6 M was blocked by the morphine antagonist naloxone. Increasing the morphine concentration in the diecephalon changed the type of inhibition from uncompetitive to mixed kinetics.
Ground-state variability in μ3-oxide trinuclear mixed-valence manganese complexes: Spin frustration

A reexamination of bulk magnetic susceptibility data supplemented by variable-field magnetization and EPR studies definitively established the ground state of the mixed-valence complex [Mn II Mn III 2 O(O 2 CCH 3 ) 6 (py) 3 ](py) (1) as having S=3/2, in contrast to the S=1/2 ground state reported previously. This represents a rare example of a triangular μ 3 -oxide metal complex charaterized as having an intermediate spin ground state (i.e., ground-state spin value other than the minimum available to the system)
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a diagnostic marker of heterotopic ossification in a murine model.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a serious disorder that occurs when there is aberrant bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling in soft tissues. Currently, there are no methods to detect HO before mineralization occurs. Yet once mineralization occurs, there are no effective treatments, short of surgery, to reverse HO. Herein, we used in vivo molecular imaging and confirmatory ex vivo tissue analyses of an established murine animal model of BMP-induced HO to show that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) can be detected as an early-stage biomarker before mineralization. Ex vivo analyses show that active MMP-9 protein is significantly elevated within tissues undergoing HO as early as 48 h after BMP induction, with its expression co-localizing to nerves and vessels. In vivo molecular imaging with a dual-labeled near-infrared fluorescence and micro-positron emission tomography (μPET) agent specific to MMP-2/-9 expression paralleled the ex vivo observations and reflected the site of HO formation as detected from...
Dose Titration of Walleye Dermal Sarcoma (WDS) Tumor Filtrate

Walleyes Stizostedion vitreum were challenged with a topical application of a dilution series of cell-free dermal sarcoma tumor filtrates to determine the minimum dose of virus needed to induce these walleye tumors. A series of six 10-fold dilutions of the filtrate were applied to the side of the fish, which were allowed to develop grossly visible tumors at 15°C for 20 weeks. Quantification of the virus in the filtrates was accomplished by quantitative (real-time) reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. We determined that there are approximately 1010 viral RNA copies in 100 μL of walleye dermal sarcoma inoculum. The minimum dose of walleye dermal sarcoma virus that could induce tumors by the topical challenge method was the 1,000-fold dilution of this 1010 inoculum, or approximately 107 viral RNA copies.
On the rate balance between impingement water evaporation and heat transfer

Abstract An experimental investigation of impingement water evaporation under single and multiple air jets was made. Similar studies of impingement heat transfer from solid surfaces were also carried out; the heat transfer areas were nearly the same as those for evaporation. It is established that evaporative fluxes can be calculated from the rate balance between evaporation and heat transfer via heat-mass transfer analogy.
Some distributional facts about fricatives and a perceptual explanation.

Across and within languages voiced sibilants tend to be disfavored relative to voiceless ones. This paper explores the claim that voicing more adversely affects the distinctive acoustic properties of sibilants than those of nonsibilants. One prediction associated with this claim is that voicing differentially lowers the amplitude of frication noise for sibilants and non-sibiliants so that amplitude differences between the two classes are reduced. Acoustic measurements confirm this prediction. A second prediction is that voicing has a greater negative effect on the identification of sibilants than nonsibilants. Perceptual results from this and previous studies are somewhat variable, but averaged data support this prediction. The findings suggest that voiced sibilants are disfavored in part for perceptual reasons.
Multi-resolution semantic-based imagery retrieval using hidden Markov models and decision trees

This study presents a useful method for semantic-based imagery retrieval. The experiments are made in two parts. In the first part of the experiments, the newly designed one-dimensional hidden Markov models (HMM) in terms of 'observation-sequence' and 'observation-density' manipulation approaches are proposed so as to evaluate the corresponding performance in imagery retrieval accuracy. For the 'observation-sequence' manipulation method, there are totally four neighborhood systems being evaluated, while two neighborhood systems are tested in the 'observation density' manipulation domain. In the second part of the experiments, a C4.5 decision tree is introduced and trained by the HMM likelihoods so as to discover the retrieving rules to further enhance the imagery retrieval accuracy. The test imagery all belong to real-scene military vehicles and are hierarchically pre-processed using wavelet and LAB transforms. The imagery are classified into 'Air-Force', 'Warship', 'Submarine', 'Tank', and 'Jeep', respectively. It is found that using HMM alone can achieve the best accuracy of 68.8%, when decision trees are implemented, the accuracy can be further enhanced up to 78%. The results evidentially show the usefulness of the method, and can be used in intelligent systems in recognizing real-scene objects.
Distribution of sodium and potassium within individual human erythrocytes by pulsed-laser vaporization in a sheath flow.

Simultaneous determination of the amounts of Na and K inside single human erythrocytes was accomplished by laser vaporization and monitoring the atomic emission produced. By using a modified sheath-flow arrangement, detection of 8 fg (0.35 fmol) of Na is possible with one laser pulse. By using Poisson statistics, one can obtain single-cell information even when multiple cells are vaporized per laser pulse. The intracellular contents for a given individual were found to vary significantly. The [+-]55% and [+-]155% variations for Na and K, respectively, cannot be explained by changes in cell volume. There is only a weak correlation between the Na and K contents in single cells. The results reflect the age distribution of erythrocytes in the sample. Presumably, the enzymes regulating ion transport lose their activities in the older cells. 28 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.
SHEAR STRENGTH AND CONSOLIDATION CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM ILLITE

ABSTRACT In recent soil mechanics literature attempts have been made to explain the engineering properties of clays in terms of surface chemical theories, particularly the Gouy-Chapman theory. Experimental confirmation of these theoretical predictions have been restricted almost exclusively to studies performed on fine grain size fractions of montmorillonite. It seemed desirable to determine experimentally the effect of physico-chemical variables on the engineering properties of a more typical engineering material. The A study was made of the effect of variations in the pore water electrolyte concentration on the engineering properties of homoionic Ca- and Mg-illite. Pore water electrolyte concentrations ranged from 1 N down to about 10–4 N. Engineering tests included Atterberg limits, one-dimensional consolidation tests, and effective stress triaxial tests. The electrolyte concentration was found to have only a small effect on the Atterberg limits, the maximum limits occurring at electrolyte concentrations between 0.01 N and 0.1 N. For virgin consolidation the soil seemed strongest at about the same range in electrolyte concentrations but the effect was not large. Electrolyte concentration had almost no effect on the position of the rebound (swelling) curves. The most important effect of electrolyte concentration seemed to be its effect on the geometric arrangement of the particles for samples that were sedimented from dilute suspension. The geometric arrangement of particles seems to be a more significant variable than the osmotic repulsion between particles. There still appears to be merit in the old mechanical approach where the compression characteristics are explained by elastic bending (reversible), slippage (partially reversible), and rupture (irreversible) of particles. Double layer phenomena seem to exert a much smaller influence on the engineering properites of nonexpanding lattice clay minerals than is commonly inferred in the literature.
AGENESIS OF THE DISTAL PHALANX IN A MULE

Agenesis of the distal phalanx of a mule foal is documented. The condition was identified when the foal was 14 days old and supported by follow-up radiographs obtained at four months of age.
Parallel distributed gradient descent and ascent methods

Summary form only given, as follows. A parallel distributed processing architecture called an entropy machine (EM) is proposed. This machine, which is based on an artificial neural network composed of massive neurons and interconnections, is used for solving a variety of NP-complete optimization problems. The EM performs the parallel distributed gradient descent method or gradient ascent method to search for minima or maxima. >
Management and Outcomes of Renal Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Background Contemporary trends in the management and outcomes of chronic kidney disease patients who develop an acute myocardial infarction have not been adequately described, particularly from the more generalizable perspective of a population-based investigation. Methods The study population consisted of 6219 residents of the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area who were hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction in 6 annual periods between 1995 and 2005. Patients were categorized as having preserved kidney function (n=3154), mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (n=2313), or severe chronic kidney disease (n=752) at the time of hospital admission. Results Patients with chronic kidney disease were more likely to be older, to have a greater prevalence of comorbidities, and to experience significant in-hospital complications or die during hospitalization in comparison with patients with preserved kidney function. Although patients with chronic kidney disease were less likely to receive effective cardiac medications or undergo coronary interventional procedures than patients without kidney disease, we observed a marked increase in the use of effective cardiac medications and coronary interventional procedures in patients with chronic kidney disease during the period under study. In-hospital death rates declined over time among patients with chronic kidney disease, whereas these death rates remained unchanged among persons with normal kidney function. Conclusion The results of this study in residents of a large New England metropolitan area provide insights into changing trends in the treatment and impact of chronic kidney disease in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction.
Matrix-embedded cells control osteoclast formation

To date, the dogma in the field has been that RANKL, an essential cytokine in osteoclast maturation, is released by osteoblasts as a way to coordinate bone growth and bone loss during adult bone remodeling. Now, Hiroshi Takayanagi and colleagues, as well as Charles O'Brien and colleagues, have independently found that osteocytes are the predominant source of RANKL in the adult mouse. As RANKL signaling is a key target in treating osteoporosis, these results have potentially important implications for disease management.
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV is expressed in spermatids and targeted to chromatin and the nuclear matrix.

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV and calspermin are two proteins encoded by theCamk4 gene. Both are highly expressed in the testis, wherein situ hybridization studies in rat testes have demonstrated that CaMKIV mRNA is localized to pachytene spermatocytes, while calspermin mRNA is restricted to spermatids. We have examined the expression patterns of both CaMKIV and calspermin in mouse testis and unexpectedly find that CaMKIV is expressed in spermatogonia and spermatids but excluded from spermatocytes, while calspermin is found only in spermatids. CaMKIV and calspermin expression in the testis are stage-dependent and appear to be coordinately regulated. In germ cells, we find that CaMKIV is associated with the chromatin. We further demonstrate that a fraction of CaMKIV in spermatids is hyperphosphorylated and specifically localized to the nuclear matrix. These novel findings may implicate CaMKIV in chromatin remodeling during nuclear condensation of spermatids.
Orientation Priming of Novel Shapes in the Context of Viewpoint-Dependent Recognition

Can visual similarity between shapes facilitate orientation priming? Five experiments are reported in which this possibility was explored by using novel two-dimensional shapes that formed homogeneous stimulus classes. After training on individual shapes in a canonical view, the recognition of these shapes was tested in several picture-plane orientations. In experiments 1 and 2 an identification task was used to replicate the classic finding obtained with the mirror-judgment task—that prior orientation cueing does not reduce the magnitude of orientation dependence in processing rotated shapes. The results of experiment 3, however, indicate that blocking trials by orientation is one condition in which orientation priming may be obtained. Experiment 4 builds on this result, and it is suggested that awareness of the blocking manipulation is not required to obtain orientation priming. In experiment 5 the mechanisms underlying this finding are explored, and evidence is offered that orientation priming is a cons...
Surface reconstructions in two and three dimensions: In on Si(111)

The surface reconstructions of indium (In) grown on Si(111) at coverages above one monolayer (ML) were studied by low-energy electron microscopy. Two-dimensional well-ordered In layers were prepared by deposition at room temperature on the Si(111)-(√3 × √3)-R30°-In surface because room temperature growth of indium on clean Si(111)-(7 × 7) substrate is disordered. Three new surface reconstructions were observed when the thickness of the In layer increases from 1 to 2 ML: (2 × 1); (1.5√3 × 1.5√3)-R30° and a mixture of (√7 × √3) and '(1 × 1)-R30°'. On the double layer In grows at room temperature epitaxially in the form of three-dimensional crystals with predominant (100) orientation. The In(100) surface on top of these three-dimensional crystals is reconstructed in the same manner as found in an earlier low-energy electron diffraction study of the (100) surface of bulk In crystal. The preferred (100) orientation can be explained very well by the fact that the (√7 x √3) phase of the double layer has a centered square unit mesh that has a very small misfit with the centered unit mesh of the reconstructed In(100) surface. With increasing temperature the In(100) surface of the three-dimensional microcrystals deconstructs at ∼120 °C. At the same temperature the (√7 × √3) structure of the two-dimensional In layer undergoes a reversible transition to a (1 × 1) pattern that is attributed to disordering of the In double layer. At low temperatures a third monolayer of In with a packing density of a slightly compressed In(111) plane grows on the double layer.
Experimental Evaluation of UMTS and Wireless LAN for Inter-Vehicle Communication

The rapid development of mobile communication technologies in recent years allows their application for inter-vehicle communication (IVC). In this paper, we evaluate the suitability of two wireless technologies for IVC, namely Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). We analyze the communication properties of these technologies and point out the requirements of applications for IVC. We present a series of practical experiments to evaluate the eligibility of each technology for applications of IVC. To obtain comparable results, we performed measurements based on IP-unicast communication, since the lower layers of the two communication technologies differ drastically. Based on the recorded data of radio coverage, latency and throughput, we draw conclusions on currently feasible and infeasible applications for each technology.
Role of Carbon Monoxide in Blood Pressure Regulation

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless, tasteless gas that is generated in the environment as the result of combustion from stoves and engines among other sources. Approximately 500 people per year in the United States are victims of nonfire-associated CO poisoning according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CO poisoning is often fatal because of its interaction with hemoglobin, which renders it incapable of carrying oxygen-causing organs to become severely hypoxic. CO inhalation is believed to be fatally toxic at concentrations as little as 800 parts per million (ppm) or 0.08% in the air. Despite the lethal nature of this gas, several recent studies suggest that CO inhalation at low doses (≤250 ppm), as well as increases in CO levels using CO releasing molecules (CORMs), offers protection against ischemic injury in the heart, liver, and kidney.1–4 CO is endogenously produced in the body as a result of the metabolism of heme by heme oxygenase (HO), as well as from lipid peroxidation.5,6 The catabolism of heme by HO also produces an equimolar amount of biliverdin, which is rapidly converted in the cell to bilirubin by the enzyme biliverdin reductase.7 There are 2 major isoforms of HO responsible for CO production. HO-1 is expressed at very low levels under normal conditions but is highly induced by several stimuli, including heavy metals, ultraviolet light, endotoxin, shear stress, hypoxia, and oxidants.8 HO-2 is the constitutively expressed form of the enzyme with the highest levels observed in the brain and testes.9 Experimental evidence has demonstrated that systemic induction of HO has several beneficial actions on the cardiovascular system, including lowering of blood pressure, protection against myocardial infarction, and prevention of atherosclerosis.10–12 Although the cardiovascular actions of HO induction have been established, the role of CO in …
Prehispanic Warfare during the Early Horizon and Late Intermediate Period in the Huaura Valley, Perú

Discussions of prehispanic warfare entail treatment of the relationship between ritual and war, and inform on interpretations of indigenous fortifications. Ten radiocarbon dates from recent excavations at the fortress of Acaray in the Huaura Valley, Peru, confirm the site was used during two periods: the Early Horizon (ca. 900–200 BC) and the Late Intermediate Period (ca. AD 1000–1470). These two periods are characterized by the construction of fortifications in neighboring valleys on the north coast and in the central highlands. The 23‐ha site of Acaray is one of the largest fortified sites known in the near‐north‐coast area, and it holds significant potential for exploring these two widely separated periods of conflict on the coast of Peru. This paper presents spatial and material data in light of the new radiocarbon dates. Site function during the two occupations is considered given our state of knowledge of regional dynamics and new excavations at Acaray. The early and late fortresses were built in re...
A Review of the Toxicity of HIV Medications II: Interactions with Drugs and Complementary and Alternative Medicine Products.

For many patients today, HIV has become a chronic disease. For those patients who have access to and adhere to lifelong antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, the potential for drug-drug interactions has become a real and life-threatening concern. It is known that most ARV drug interactions occur through the cytochrome P450 (CYP) pathway. Medications for comorbid medical conditions, holistic supplements, and illicit drugs can be affected by CYP inhibitors and inducers and have the potential to cause harm and toxicity. Protease inhibitors (PIs) tend to inhibit CYP3A4, while most non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) tend to induce the enzyme. As such, failure to adjust the dose of co-administered medications, such as statins and steroids, may lead to serious complications including rhabdomyolysis and hypercortisolism, respectively. Similarly, gastric acid blockers can decrease several ARV absorption, and warfarin doses may need to be adjusted to maintain therapeutic concentrations. Illicit drugs such as methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “ecstasy”) in combination with PIs lead to increased toxicity, while the concomitant administration of sedative drugs such as midazolam and alprazolam in patients taking PIs can result in prolonged sedation, delayed recovery, and increased length of stay. Even supplements like St. John’s Wort can alter PI concentrations. In theory, any drug that is metabolized by CYP has potential for a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction with all PIs, cobicistat, and most NNRTIs. When adding a new medication to an ARV regimen, use of a drug-drug interaction software and/or consultation with a clinical pharmacist/pharmacologist or HIV specialist is recommended.
Fabrication and characterization of single mode annealed proton exchanged waveguides in -x-cut lithium niobate

Abstract Lithium niobate is a key, well-known material in optical communication that maintains its importance due to its high speed in electro-optical modulators and other optical devices. Using a benzoic acid proton exchange method and annealing in wet O 2 , we have fabricated waveguides along the y -axis of -x-cut lithium niobate substrate. We have optimized proton exchange and annealing time to make waveguides with the highest transmission we observed to date. The optical transmission was measured in waveguides between 3 μm and 7 μm in width, and 10 mm in length. The near-field mode properties of the waveguides were also examined. In addition, we discovered that the transmission through waveguides is reduced by the surface residues which are underestimated in most fabrication processes. This paper outlines the full fabrication process as well as characterization methods in detail, including a supercontinuum laser source.
Coping with Parametric Variation at Near-Threshold Voltages

Near-threshold voltage computing (NTC) promises significant improvement in energy efficiency. Unfortunately, when compared to conventional, super-threshold voltage computing (STC), NTC is more sensitive to parametric variation. This results in not only slower and leakier cores, but also substantial speed and power differences between the cores in a many-core chip. NTC's potential cannot be unlocked without addressing the higher impact of variation. To confront variation at the architecture level, the authors introduce a parametric variation model for NTC. They then use the model to show the shortcomings of adapting state-of-the-art STC techniques for variation mitigation to NTC. Finally, they discuss how to tailor variation mitigation to NTC.
ECG computer program developed for a retrospective and prospective study of the Pardee T wave

The use of a computerized electrocardiogram (ECG) database system to determine the prevalence of Pardee T waves and to correlate with significant coronary artery disease in a hospital-based population is discussed. The criteria of a Pardee T wave were defined as minimal ST segment elevation at onset and midportion >or=0.02 mV above baseline followed by T wave inversion >or=0.06 mV in one of the precordial leads V1-V6. In a retrospective study, the computerized ECG system was programmed to search for these ECGs in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory database. >
Copyright and Distance Education: The Impact of the Technology, Education, and Copyright Harmonization Act

Copyright in the United states can be traced back to the U.s. Constitution in 1787. To encourage authorship of creative works, Congress created a limited monopoly in §106 of the Copyright Act of 1790. in order to balance this monopoly, Congress drafted §107 which provides public access to creative works through fair use. revisions were necessary due to new information technologies. However, these revisions created an imbalance between traditional and distance education classrooms. in 2002, this imbalance was addressed through the Technology, Education, and Copyright Harmonization Act (TEACH). in an effort to make copyright law friendlier towards internet-based distance education, Congress modified §110(2), performances and displays, and §112(f), digitization of analog materials. Discussion of the TEACH Act and compliance recommendations for first-time online instructors are addressed. since the advent of Johannes Gutenberg’s printing of the Bible with his revolutionary printing press in 1455, copyright issues have been debated, laws enacted, and then revised over the course of centuries. The first trace of the concept of ownership by authors and fixed term limitations occurred in 1710 when the British Parliament enacted the statute of Anne. This statute allowed for the protection of creative works for a period of fourteen years with the option of another fourteen years if the author was alive upon expiration (Association of
Introduction to Materials Processing in Large Centrifuges

This volume represents the proceedings of The Second International Workshop on Materials Processing at High Gravity, hosted by Clarkson University in June of 1993. Evidence continues to demonstrate the unique and advantageous features of centrifugation during materials processing.
Resistance to alternatives to hospitalization.

Hospitalization has endured as the predominant form of psychiatric treatment for serious mental illness, despite accumulated evidence that outpatient treatment, ranging from halfway houses to day programs to traditional clinics, is equal or superior to inpatient treatment. Reasons for the apparent reluctance to use alternatives to the hospital include social prejudice against community treatment, economic disincentives, administrative chaos, training, professional sociology, and the countertransference meanings of hospitalization. Policy goals and treatment objectives must be explicit, and the realities of the treatment system must be brought into alignment with them.
Impulse acoustics based ejection of ferrofluid grains from a ferrofluid: the blueprint of a concept for a nozzle-free inkjet printer

We present numerical simulations to demonstrate that it may be possible to eject ferrofluid grains from a ferrofluid using non-linear acoustic impulses. The study considers a container with some dilute ferrofluid that is placed in a strong, vertical, homogeneous magnetic field. The field induces the formation of magnetic dipoles into vertical chains that approximately span the region between the base and the surface of the container. We use particle dynamical simulations to show that an impulse generated at the base of any chain, will typically travel as a weakly dispersive bundle of energy. When the impulse magnitudes are appropriate (typically ~60 m/s or more) the ferrofluid grain nearest to the surface of the liquid may be ejected by the impulse. Since all ferrofluid grains possess a coating of the liquid host, the ejected grain can be used as an ink-drop, with typical diameter of 15 or so nanometers. The velocities of the ejecting grains can be controlled and hence the method, if experimentally feasible, may have wide ranging applications. One of these applications is likely to be in designing special-purpose nozzle-free inkjet printers of unprecedented resolution.
Epidural- und Spinalanästhesie

Toxische Lokalanasthetika-Plasmaspiegel beeintrachtigen vor allem das Zentralnervensystem und in zweiter Linie den Kreislauf. Toxische Gewebereaktionen werden im Zusammenhang mit Spinal-und Epiduralanasthesie ebenfalls beschrieben (siehe dazu auch Abb. 36, Seite 78).
Healing of rotator cuff tendons using botulinum toxin A and immobilization in a rat model

Background We evaluated effects of botulinum toxin A (Botox) and cast immobilization on tendon healing in a rat model. Injection of Botox into rat supraspinatus was hypothesized to reduce muscle active force and improved healing.
Objectivity and history : A critical discussion

Presentation de l'ouvrage de P. Kitcher intitule «The advancement of science: science without legend, objectivity without illusions» (1993) qui repond a la notion de revolution scientifique developpee par T. Kuhn. Examinant la notion philosophique d'objectivite en rapport avec l'histoire de la science mathematique moderne, Kitcher innove dans le domaine de la sociologie de la science
Electroconvulsive therapy in the spotlight.

The FDA's Neurological Devices Advisory Panel recently recommended keeping electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) devices in class III, the highest risk category. The FDA's regulatory decisions about the devices could determine the future of ECT in the United States.
“I Will Not Keep Her Book in My Home”: Representing Religious Meaning among Bauls

Anthropologists have long been concerned with issues of representation and the problematic structures of power that characterize the relationship of researcher and subject. This article takes field work confrontations and anxieties as opportunities through which to examine some of the challenges of representing religious lives in comprehensible and meaningful ways, not simply to scholars but also—perhaps especially—to those from within the tradition we’re studying. Drawing on work that emphasizes dialogical processes of knowledge production and its ethical implications, the author considers moments of transformation during and resulting from fieldwork as a model for moving forward.
The Genus Cumminsiella

The genus Cumminsiella was established by Arthur (1) to segregate from the genus Uropyxis those species having subepidermal spermagonia and aecidioid aecia. The species transferred by Arthur were Uropyxis texana (Holw. & Long) Arth., Uropyxis wootoniana Arth. and Uropyxis sanguinea Arth., the last-named rust being chosen as the type of the new genus. Subsequent to Arthur's publication a new species of Cumminsiella was described by Cummins (2). In the present paper two additional species are added by the transfer of Uropyxis antarctica (Speg.) Lindquist and Uropyxis stolpiana (Diet & Neg.) Magn. Cumminsiella resembles Puccinia in having subepidermal spermagonia and aecidioid aecia, but differs in having 2 pores in each cell of the teliospore. The latter character indicates relationship with Uropyxis. With regard to spermagonial and aecial characters Cumminsiella is distinct from Uropyxis, which has subcuticular spermagonia and uredinoid aecia. Paraphysate uredia occur in one of the six known species of Cumminsiella. In two of the species sporogenous basal cells are present in the uredia. The urediospores in Cumminsiella are relatively thick-walled, with pores in zones or scattered. The urediospore wall bears closely set, conical, sharp-pointed tubercles, a type of sculpturing herein described as verrucose-echinulate. In the teliospore, as pointed out by Magnus (6), there is some variability in the position of the pores, particularly in the upper cell, in which one of the pores may be apical. All six species of Cumminsiella known at present occur on the Berberidaceae in North America, South America and Europe. The single species reported from Europe, Cumminsiella mirabilissima (Pk.) Nannf.,
(E)-3,3',4,4',7,7',8,8'-Octa-methyl-2H,2'H-1,1'-bi(cyclo-penta-[fg]acenaphthyl-enyl-idene)-2,2',5,5',6,6'-hexa-one dichloro-methane monosolvate.

The title compound, C36H24O6·CH2Cl2, is a dimer of two essentially planar (r.m.s., deviations of fitted plane of 14 pyracene C atoms = 0.0539 and 0.0543 A) tetra­cyclic pyracene frameworks (each with four methyl groups and three carbonyl groups on the peripheral carbon atoms) twisted along a central C=C bond with an angle of 50.78 (3)° at 90 K. There are notably long Csp2—Csp2 bonds associated with the carbonyl groups, the longest being 1.601 (3) A between two carbonyl C atoms. There are also intermolecular carbonyl⋯carbonyl interactions of both parallel and antiparallel types, with C⋯O distances in the range 3.041 (3) to 3.431 (2) A. This compound is of inter­est with respect to the synthesis of fullerene fragments, such as corannulene and semibuckminsterfullerene derivatives (or `buckybowls'), and is a side product of the previously reported oxidation reaction. Structural details, such as planarity analysis of fused rings, out-of-plane deviation of substituents, inter­molecular inter­actions, and longer than typical bond lengths, will be discussed as well as comparisons to structurally related compounds.
Tracking dissociation dynamics of strong-field ionized 1,2-dibromoethane with femtosecond XUV transient absorption spectroscopy

Using femtosecond time-resolved extreme ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, the dissociation dynamics of the haloalkane 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE) have been explored following strong field ionization by femtosecond near infrared pulses at intensities between 7.5 × 10(13) and 2.2 × 10(14) W cm(-2). The major elimination products are bromine atoms in charge states of 0, +1, and +2. The charge state distribution is strongly dependent on the incident NIR intensity. While the yield of neutral fragments is essentially constant for all measurements, charged fragment yields grow rapidly with increasing NIR intensities with the most pronounced effect observed for Br(++). However, the appearance times of all bromine fragments are independent of the incident field strength; these are found to be 320 fs, 70 fs, and 30 fs for Br˙, Br(+), and Br(++), respectively. Transient molecular ion features assigned to DBE(+) and DBE(++) are observed, with dynamics linked to the production of Br(+) products. Neutral Br˙ atoms are produced on a timescale consistent with dissociation of DBE(+) ions on a shallow potential energy surface. The appearance of Br(+) ions by dissociative ionization is also seen, as evidenced by the simultaneous decay of a DBE(+) ionic species. Dicationic Br(++) products emerge within the instrument response time, presumably from Coulomb explosion of triply charged DBE.
Effect of neomycin, carbadox and length of adaptation to calorimeter on performance, fasting metabolism and gastrointestinal tract of young pigs.

Five sets of littermate gilts (8.2 +/- .19 kg average initial weight) were randomly assigned within litter to a 16% protein corn-soybean meal basal diet (B), B + .308% neomycin, or B + 55 ppm carbadox. Each set was equally-fed individually once daily for 16 d in metabolism cages and 5 d in calorimeters. The average daily feed intake for 21 d was 276 g. Oxygen consumption and CO2 production were measured during an 8- to 24-h postprandial period on d 16, 19, 20 and 21, and during a 32- to 48-h postprandial period after the d 21 feeding. Pigs were killed 50 h postprandially for gastrointestinal tract measurements. Dietary supplementation of antimicrobial agents (neomycin and carbadox) resulted in improvements (P less than .01) in daily gain and efficiency of feed utilization and lower (P less than .05) small intestinal mass in pigs. There was no difference (P greater than .05) in daily gain, feed efficiency or small intestinal mass between pigs fed neomycin- or carbadox-supplemented diets. Whole-animal fasting O2 consumption and CO2 production measured during the 8- to 24-h or 32- to 48-h postprandial period were not affected (P greater than .05) by the supplementation or the source of dietary antimicrobial agents. There were no differences (P greater than .05) in 8- to 24-h fasting O2 and CO2 measurements determined on d 16, 19, 20 and 21, indicating that adaptation to calorimeters was not needed by the pigs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Organically Templated Vanadium Oxide Phases: Synthesis and Structures of [H3NCH2CH2NH3][V2O6] and [HN(CH2CH2)3NH][VV2VIV4O14]·H2O

The synthesis and crystal structures of [H3NCH2CH2NH3][V2O6] (1) and [HN(CH2CH2)3NH][VV2VIV4O14]·H2O (2) are described. The structure of the oxidized compound 1 consists of parallel stacks of vanadium oxide chains of corner sharing {VO4} tetrahedra. The chains are stabilized by extensive hydrogen bonding involving oxide ligands of the chains and ethylenediammonium ions which fill the space between the stacks of chains. The structure of compound 2 consists of vanadium oxide layers separated by doubly protonated 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane and lattice water. The vanadium oxide layers, containing mixed-valence vanadium (VV and VIV) centers, are composed of zigzag ribbons of edge-sharing {VO5} square pyramids interconnected by {VO4} tetrahedra. Crystal data. C2H10N2O6V2 , 1: monoclinic, space group P21/c (No. 14), a=5.5359(5), b=12.9430(12), c=5.6856(5) A, α=90, β=97.460(2), γ=90°, V=403.93(6) A3, Z=2. A total of 2506 reflections (θmax=27.89°) was collected, of which 954 were used to resolve the structure. The structure was solved by direct methods and least-squares refinement converged at R=0.0592. C6H16N2O15V6, 2: monoclinic, space group C2 (No. 5), a=19.303(4), b=6.667(2), c=7.579(2) A, α=90, β=111.31(2), γ=90°, V=908.4(4) A3, Z=2. A total of 1779 reflections was collected, of which 1591 unique reflections were used for structural elucidation. The structure was solved by direct methods and least-squares refinement converged at R=0.0314.
Effect of Tapering on Morphology and Interfacial Behavior of Diblock Copolymers from Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Tapered diblock copolymers are AB diblock copolymers modified by adding a gradient region between the blocks in which composition varies smoothly from one species to the other. This gives additional control parameters, the length of the taper and its direction, to control the microphase separation behavior. Using tapers can also increase the accessibility of the bicontinuous gyroid phase, potentially of interest in transport applications. Recently, the phase diagram of these systems was predicted using self-consistent field theory (SCFT). In this study, we perform coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate both the structural and dynamic properties of tapered diblock copolymers. The MD results are consistent with the SCFT phase diagram, and the density profiles are also similar as a function of taper length and direction. We additionally compute mean-squared displacements and end-to-end relaxation times of lamellar systems and observe individual polymer conformations. Increasing tap...
GaAs/AlGaAs heterojunction Pnp bipolar transistors grown on (100) Si by molecular beam epitaxy

GaAs/AlGaAs Pnp heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) were fabricated and tested on (100) Si substrates for the first time. A common-emitter current gain of β=8 was measured for the typical devices with an emitter area of 50×50 μm^2 at a collector current density of 1×10^(4) A/cm^2 with no output negative differential resistance up to 280 mA, highest current used. A very high base-collector breakdown voltage of 10 V was obtained. Comparing the similar structures grown on GaAs substrates, the measured characteristics clearly demonstrate that device grade hole injection can be obtained in GaAs on Si epitaxial layers despite the presence of dislocations.
Denosing Noisy Images with Noise

This paper presents a novel application of the phenomenon of noise enhanced systems (PHONES) in image processing. Potential enhancement of image denoising systems via the addition of noise is investigated. Two systems are considered, one where a single noise realization is used and the other where multiple noise realizations are employed to enhance image denoising performance. Image denoising performance is shown to improve when suitable noise is added.
PRKD2 Serine-Threonine Kinase, a Downstream Effector Of GABP, Plays Essential Roles For The Maintenance Of HSCs

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the source of all blood lineages, and HSCs must balance quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation to meet lifelong needs for blood cell development. GABP is an ets-related transcription factor that controls critical genes in myeloid and lymphoid development, and has been implicated in control of HSC growth. GABP is an obligate multimeric transcription factor that includes the DNA-binding ets component, GABPa, along with various GABPb partner proteins. We conditionally deleted Gabpa in mouse bone marrow and found that Gabpa cells have a profound growth disadvantage due to cell cycle arrest in HSCs. We identified Protein Kinase D2 (PRKD2) as a candidate effector of GABP. PRKD2 is a diacyl glycerol- and Protein Kinase C-activated serine-threonine kinase, because deletion of Gabpa markedly reduced PRKD2 expression in normal HSCs and progenitor cells. In a Prkd2 ki/ki mouse model, in which two functionally essential phosphorylation serines were inactivated genetically, their bone marrow long term HSCs reduced dramatically and the short term HSCs increased accordingly. Mice transplanted with a 1:1 mixture of Prkd2 ki/ki and wild type bone marrow cells demonstrated the decreased proportion of the Prkd2 ki/ki bone marrow cells with the corresponding increase of the wild type cells. Although ectopic expression of the human Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) fusion oncogene BCR-ABL in wild type bone marrow cells induced rapid CML development, expression of BCR-ABL in Prkd2 ki/ki bone marrow cells failed to develop CML in transplanted recipient mice. Analysis of the peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen of these mice revealed that the BCR-ABL + , Prkd2 ki/ki cells did not express myeloid or lymphoid specific cell surface antigens CD11b, Gr1, B220, or CD3e. They demonstrated an immature blast-like microscopic morphology, and recipient mice transplanted with these cells died before the onset of CML development. We conclude that the phosphorylation activated Prkd2 is required for the maintenance of HSC pool and the development of mature hematopoietic lineages from HSCs. These findings suggest that PRKD2 kinase mediate key downstream events of both PKC and transcription factor GABP, and that PRKD2 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in leukemia. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Virtual Safe: Unauthorized movement detection for mobile devices

The prevalence and monetary value of mobile devices, coupled with their compact and, indeed, mobile nature, lead to frequent theft due to a lack of proper anti-theft mechanisms. Currently there only exist damage control efforts such as remote wiping the device's memory or GPS tracking, but nothing to notify users of theft while it takes place. We propose such a mechanism which utilizes the unique motion patterns inherent to humans and differentiate our work from other motion behavior studies by using it as first-order authentication and developing matching methods fast enough to act as an actual anti-theft system. We test our system with the aid of 45 volunteers and demonstrate detection of unauthorized movement within 10 to 20 steps with an accuracy of 96.4% to 97.5%, while simultaneously distinguishing owners as themselves with 97.8% accuracy.
Is Supply Chain Management Replacing Operations Management in the Business Core Curriculum

This study reviews the core requirements in 447 business departments accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) in order to understand the current status and changes of Operations Management and Supply Chain Management offerings in the business core. The field of SCM continues to grow in the 21st century in terms of both industry demand and academic offerings. After the 2000s, many institutes of higher education realized the importance of SCM and the demand for trained individuals in the area. SCM became a common elective course for many business schools. This study is interested in exploring the next stage of implementing SCM into business education curriculum. This study seeks to determine if SCM is becoming a core business class for the majority of the business schools, or, more dramatically, if SCM is on the path of replacing OM. We report our survey results in order to understand the motivation for the changes related to SCM in the business core curriculum, the student and faculty reaction to these changes, and its effect on student enrollment, internships and employment.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE 5.6 μm TO 7.6 μm WATER VAPOR MEASUREMENTS FROM THE GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE METEOSAT

Analyses of the digitized radiance measurements from the water vapor (WV) channel (5.6 μm to 7.6 μm) on METEOSAT provide the first quantitative study of changing four-dimensional fields of upper tropospheric water vapor. The striking photographs from the sensor have been subjected to physical interpretation as calibrated sensors are used in a tri-spectral approach for interpreting the measurements on the CSU ADVISAR, computer-interactive system. This paper presents initial phenomenological results and notes potential research opportunities.
Empirical path loss model for vehicle-to-vehicle IoT device communication in fleet management

Vehicle fleet management systems can monitor and provide accurate vehicle management information, such as location, idle time, speed, and mileage (among others). This information can be transmitted using direct communication between cars and base stations. However, this concept assumes that vehicles are served by a cellular base station at all times, which is not always the case. In order to fulfil the vision of Internet-of-Things (IoT), where “things” self-manage themselves, there needs to be a mechanism for vehicles to transmit important information in cases where base stations are not available. In these cases, IoT sensing devices can be used to establish device-to-device mesh communication networks between vehicles where no cellular service is available and act as routers to deliver information to destination nodes available within cellular coverage. In these cases, design and deployment of such systems rely on proper modeling and characterization of signal propagation between the in-vehicle-to-in-vehicle communication of IoT devices. This study proposes models that can be used for such design and in similar environments with the end goal of improving the quality of service of these systems and get them closer to the vision of selfmanagement. The proposed models are compared with theoretical models which deviate by 6 to 23%.