cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methods for the fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins. The chapter focuses on preparative-scale methods for the fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins. The fractionation approaches are surveyed, and then QAE-Sephadex chromatography of nonhistone chromosomal proteins is focused on. One approach to fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins has been to extract classes of these molecules with various concentrations of salt and urea—the urea being used to facilitate extraction of tenaciously bound molecules and to maintain extracted proteins in a soluble state. The nonhistone chromosomal proteins can be isolated as a total class of macromolecules and then fractionated. Such procedures require separation of DNA from the total chromosomal proteins as an initial step, followed by fractionation of the total chromosomal proteins into histones and nonhistone chromosomal proteins. The method used for fractionation of nonhistone chromosomal proteins is the ion-exchange chromatography on QAE-Sephadex. The objective of nonhistone chromosomal protein fractionation is to isolate classes, and individual species that are directly involved in the regulation of specific genetic sequences.
Treatment of a hot carotid: More fuel is needed to clarify the best treatments.

The majority of patients presenting with a stroke or TIA receive imaging for carotid stenosis. Treatment of symptomatic carotid stenosis is familiar to most neurologists since high-profile clinical trials have been conducted in the past. The most well-known in North America is the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial (NASCET).1 NASCET and additional analysis by Rothwell et al.2 led to the recommendation that if the patient is an otherwise suitable candidate for carotid endarterectomy (CEA), then performing the operation within 2 weeks of the last symptomatic event is desirable.
Transfemoral PCI skill: Use it or lose it.….But #RadialFirst

Despite, earlier concerns, is the article by Badri et al., there was no apparent increase in the rate of vascular complications with transfemoral percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) associated with increasing levels of adoption of transradial PCI by individuals initially identified as primarily femoral operators (> 90% of PCI's via the femoral artery). Compared with the 2010-2011 period, patients undergoing PCI in the United States in 2014-2015 tended to be generally sicker. This fact, coupled with a liberalization in bleeding definition, likely led to an overall increase in the observed rate of vascular complications post-transfemoral PCI (from 1.3 to 1.64%) across the study time period. Despite the extensive body of evidence supporting the use of transradial over transfemoral PCI access, the vast majority (>80%) of primarily femoral operators in the United States have remained low radial adopters and the overall proportion of PCIs performed transradially across this time period by primarily transfemoral operators increased significantly, yet modestly (from 1.3 to 17.8%).
Optimal team composition for tool‐based problem solving

In this paper, we construct a framework for modeling teams of agents who apply techniques or procedures (tools) to solve problems. In our framework, tools differ in their likelihood of solving the problem at hand; agents, who may be of different types, vary in their skill at using tools. We establish baseline hiring rules when a manager can dictate tool choice and then derive results for strategic tool choice by team members. We highlight three main findings: First, that cognitively diverse teams are more likely to solve problems in both settings. Second, that teams consisting of types that master diverse tools have an indirect strategic advantage because tool diversity facilitates coordination. Third, that strategic tool choice creates counterintuitive optimal hiring practices. For example, optimal teams may exclude the highest ability types and can include dominated types. In addition, optimal groups need not increase setwise. Our framework extends to cover teamwork on decomposable problems, to cases where individuals apply multiple tools, and to teams facing a flow or set of problems.
Mining Regional Imaging Genetic Associations via Voxel-wise Enrichment Analysis

Brain imaging genetics aims to reveal genetic effects on brain phenotypes, where most studies examine phenotypes defined on anatomical or functional regions of interest (ROIs) given their biologically meaningful annotation and modest dimensionality compared with voxel-wise approaches. Typical ROI-level measures used in these studies are summary statistics from voxel-wise measures in the region, without making full use of individual voxel signals. In this paper, we propose a flexible and powerful framework for mining regional imaging genetic associations via voxel-wise enrichment analysis, which embraces the collective effect of weak voxel-level signals within an ROI. We demonstrate our method on an imaging genetic analysis using data from the Alzheimers Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, where we assess the collective regional genetic effects of voxel-wise FDG-PET measures between 116 ROIs and 19 AD candidate SNPs. Compared with traditional ROI-wise and voxel-wise approaches, our method identified 102 additional significant associations, some of which were further supported by evidences in brain tissue-specific expression analysis. This demonstrates the promise of the proposed method as a flexible and powerful framework for exploring imaging genetic effects on the brain.
How protein - protein interactions contribute to pyrenoid formation in Chlamydomonas.

This article comments on: Atkinson N, Velanis CN, Wunder T, Clarke DJ, Mueller-Cajar O, McCormick AJ. 2019. The pyrenoidal linker protein EPYC1 phase separates with hybrid Arabidopsis-Chlamydomonas Rubisco through interactions with the algal Rubisco small subunit . Journal of Experimental Botany, 70, 5271–5285.
การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบพลังสุขภาพจิตก่อนและหลังการฝึกปฏิบัติการพยาบาลสุขภาพจิตและจิตเวชของนักศึกษาพยาบาลชั้นปีที่ 3 วิทยาลัยนานาชาติเซนต์เทเรซา

บทคดยอ พลงสขภาพจตเปนความสามารถของบคคลในการเผชญปญหาและฟนฝาอปสรรค ทเกดขนในชวต ประกอบดวยพลง 3 ดานไดแก ดานความมนคงทางอารมณ ดานกำลงใจ และดาน การจดการกบปญหา ซงเปนคณลกษณะทจำเปนของนกศกษาพยาบาลในการใหความชวยเหลอ ผทมความเจบปวยทางจต วตถประสงคของการศกษาในครงนเพอวดระดบพลงสขภาพจตของ นกศกษาพยาบาล และศกษาเปรยบเทยบพลงสขภาพจตของนกศกษาพยาบาลทงกอนและหลงการฝก ปฏบตฯ โดยกลมตวอยางเปนนกศกษาพยาบาลชนปท 3 คณะพยาบาลศาสตร วทยาลยนานาชาต เซนตเทเรซา จำนวน 65 คน ทขนฝกปฏบตการพยาบาลสขภาพจตและจตเวช โดยมกระบวนการ จดการเรยนการสอนทมงเนนการพฒนาตนเอง การเรยนรผานประสบการณชวต และทกษะ การเผชญปญหาและการแกไขปญหาชวต มการเกบขอมลกอนและหลงการฝกปฏบตฯ โดยใช แบบประเมนพลงสขภาพจตของกรมสขภาพจต วเคราะหขอมลโดยสถตเชงพรรณนา ไดแก คารอยละ คาเฉลย สวนเบยงเบนมาตรฐาน และPared-Sample T Test ผลการวจยพบวา 1. ระดบพลงสขภาพจตในภาพรวมและรายดานของนกศกษากอนและหลงการฝกปฏบต การพยาบาลสขภาพจตและจตเวช อยในเกณฑปกต 2. พลงสขภาพจตดานความมนคงทางอารมณและดานกำลงใจของนกศกษาพยาบาลม การเปลยนแปลงไปในทศทางทเพมขนภายหลงการฝกปฏบตฯอยางมนยสำคญทาง สถตทระดบ.001 สวนพลงสขภาพจตดานการจดการกบปญหาของนกศกษาพยาบาลมการเปลยนแปลงไปในทศทาง ทเพมขนภายหลง การฝกปฏบตฯ อยางมนยสำคญทางสถตทระดบ.05 3. พลงสขภาพจตของนกศกษาพยาบาลหลงการฝกปฏบตการพยาบาล สขภาพจตและจตเวช สงกวากอนการฝกปฏบตฯอยางมนยสำคญทางสถตทระดบ .001 Abstract Resilience Quotient (RQ) refers to an individual’s capacity to spring back in the face of adversity. It consists of 3 aspects; emotional stability, willpower, and problem-solving skills. This is a feature necessary for nursing students to assist people with mental illness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of resilience quotient and comparison of RQ among the third year nursing students before and after the Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Practicum. The three focuses of teaching-learning for this subject were self-development, learning through life’s experiences, and coping and solving problem skills. The sample was composed of 65 the third year nursing students, Faculty of Nursing Science, St Theresa International College. Data were collected by using RQ Questionnaire of Mental Health Department and were analyzed by descriptive statistics: percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Paired-Sample t-test. The results revealed that: 1. The overall view and each aspect of the RQ level among nursing students, before and after their Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Practicum were within norms; 2. After the practicum of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Practicum, the RQ in term of emotional stability and increased willpower among nursing students was statistically significant higher than before their practicum (แ < .001) and the RQ in term of problem-solving skills among nursing students was statistically significant higher than before their practicum (แ < .05); 3. After the practicum of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Practicum, the RQ among nursing students was statistically significant higher than before their practicum (แ < .001).
Cryo-EM structures reveal a multistep mechanism of Hsp90 activation by co-chaperone Aha1

Abstract Hsp90 is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that facilitates the folding and maturation of hundreds of cellular “client” proteins. The ATP-driven client maturation process is regulated by a large number of co-chaperones. Among them, Aha1 is the most potent activator of Hsp90 ATPase activity and thus dramatically affects Hsp90’s client proteins. To understand the Aha1 activation mechanism, we determined full-length Hsp90:Aha1 structures in six different states by cryo-electron microscopy, including nucleotide-free semi-closed, nucleotide-bound pre-hydrolysis, and semi-hydrolyzed states. Our structures demonstrate that the two Aha1 domains can each interact with Hsp90 in two different modes, uncovering a complex multistep activation mechanism. The results show that Aha1 accelerates the chemical step of ATP hydrolysis like a conventional enzyme, but most unusually, catalyzes the rate-limiting large-scale conformational changes of Hsp90 fundamentally required for ATP hydrolysis. Our work provides a structural framework to guide small molecule development targeting this critical modulator of client protein maturation.
The Organizational Improvisation Landscape: Taking Stock and Looking Forward:

Over the past 25 years, scholars have produced a wide variety of organizational improvisation (OI) scholarship from multiple fields that has improved our understanding of the OI phenomenon. However...
X-Ray Variability as a Probe of Advection-dominated Accretion in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei

As a class, LINERs and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) tend to show little or no significant short-term variability (i.e., with timescales less than a day). This is a marked break from the trend of increased variability in Seyfert 1 galaxies with decreased luminosity. We propose that this difference is due to the lower accretion rate in LINERs and LLAGNs, which is probably causing the accretion flow to be advection-dominated. This results in a larger characteristic size for the X-ray-producing region than is the case in "normal" AGNs. Short-term variability may be caused by a localized instability or occultation events, but we note that such events would likely be accompanied by broadband spectral changes. Since the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) is more compact in a Kerr metric, it is possible that the X-ray emission from ADAFs around rotating black holes would be more variable than X-ray emission from ADAFs in a Schwarzschild metric. Similar variability arguments also apply to other wavelengths, and accordingly multiwavelength monitoring of LLAGNs could serve to "map" the ADAF regions.
Directional infrasound sensing using acoustic metamaterials

Natural and anthropogenic infrasound may travel vast distances, making it an invaluable resource for monitoring phenomena such as nuclear explosions, volcanic eruptions, severe storms, and many others. Typically, these waves are captured using pressure sensors, which cannot encode the direction of arrival—critical information when the source location is not known beforehand. Obtaining this information therefore requires arrays of sensors with apertures ranging from tens of meters to kilometers depending on the wavelengths of interest. This is often impractical in locations that lack the necessary real estate (urban areas, rugged regions, or remote islands); in any case, it requires multiple power, digitizer, and telemetry deployments. Here, the theoretical basis behind a compact infrasound direction of arrival sensor based on the acoustic metamaterials is presented. This sensor occupies a footprint that is orders of magnitude smaller than the span of a typical infrasound array. The diminutive size of the unit greatly expands the locations where it can be deployed. The sensor design is described, its ability to determine the direction of arrival is evaluated, and further avenues of study are suggested.
Breadfruit in the Wake: Imagining Vegetal Mutiny in Derek Walcott's "The Bounty"

I examine Derek Walcott’s portrayal of the journey of the breadfruit in “The Bounty,” which intertwines the history of the species’ transplantation with an elegy for the poet’s own mother. In its depiction of the mutiny on the Bounty, Walcott’s poem opens up a moment of Glissantian detour in the plants’ path from Tahiti to Jamaica when they are cast asea. I center the jettisoned plants rather than the crew or captain of the ship to explore how the interpretation of the event might change if we imagine the florae themselves to be the real mutineers. Invoking Christina Sharpe’s notion of “wake work,” I argue that the bobbing breadfruit specimens perform a wake for those who have perished in the waters of the Atlantic and the plantations of the West Indies as the plants wake up to the process of their commodification and absorption into the plantation system. For Walcott, the trajectory of the breadfruit also reflects the journey of his own mother after her death, so that its appearance in Saint Lucia implies not only that the plant has been successfully imported, but also that she has arrived at her ultimate destination in the afterlife. Feeding on the nutrients of her body, the breadfruit tree reincarnates the forms of its perished human and nonhuman predecessors, becoming a vegetal afterlife to the histories of colonial importation and plantation slavery.
Endometrioid sarcoma (“stromal endometriosis”)

Abstract "Endometrioid sarcoma" is the proposed designation of a rare neoplasm of the endometrial stroma commonly called "stromal endometriosis." It occurs most frequently in the fifth decade of life but its onset may be earlier or later. The clinical features are not diagnostic; rather they suggest other commoner pelvic neoplasms. The lesion has a readily identifiable and diagnostic gross and histologic appearance, which, once seen and identified, can scarcely be confused with any other lesion of the pelvic organs. The initial treatment should be surgical, preferably total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Intravascular extensions should be sought and removed if found. The concept that this condition is benign is erroneous. This malignant neoplasm is directly responsible for death in perhaps 25 per cent of cases, usually after a protracted course.
Control flow reversal for adjoint code generation

We describe an approach to the reversal of the control flow of structured programs. It is used to automatically generate adjoint code for numerical programs by semantic source transformation. After a short introduction to applications and the implementation tool set, we describe the building blocks using a simple example. We then illustrate the code reversal within basic blocks. The main part of the paper covers the reversal of structured control flow graphs. We show the algorithmic steps for simple branches and loops and give a detailed algorithm for the reversal of arbitrary combinations of loops and branches in a general control flow graph
Rod Photoreceptor Cells: Soma and Synapse☆

The rod photoreceptor is responsible for vision at night over the range of starlight through moonlight to twilight. Its structure is specialized to maximize photon capture, optimize metabolic efficiency and sustain continual synaptic activation. Rods are depolarized in the darkness, the light signal induced by capture of photons consists of a hyperpolarization that lowers the concentration of intracellular calcium ions within the rod terminal and suppresses release of the rod neurotransmitter glutamate. Mutations that change rod morphology, calcium signaling and/or glutamate release may compromise their viability and cause blindness.
Internet Adoption and Advertising Expenditures on Traditional Media: An Empirical Analysis Using a Panel of Countries

The Internet can affect advertising expenditures through various channels. This paper quantifies the relationships between Internet adoption and changes in advertising expenditures on traditional offline media types. I use a panel of 11 years of data at the country level that contains information on advertising expenditures by medium and Internet penetration for more than 80 countries. I find that increases in Internet penetration are negatively correlated with changes in advertising expenditures on newspapers, magazines, and television, but I do not find conclusive results for the correlation between Internet adoption and changes in advertising expenditures on radio.
Aerogel derived catalysts

Aerogels area class of colloidal materials which have high surface areas and abundant mesoporous structure. SiO{sub 2} aerogels show unique physical, optical and structural properties. When catalytic metals are incorporated in the aerogel framework, the potential exists for new and very effective catalysts for industrial processes. Three applications of these metal-containing SiO{sub 2} aerogels as catalysts are briefly reviewed in this paper--NO{sub x} reduction, volatile organic compound destruction, and partial oxidation of methane.
Solution to the gauge-Higgs analyticity paradox

The Fradkin-Shenker theorem proves analyticity in a region that connects Higgs to confinement regimes, precluding a phase transition. This conflicts with a simpler analyticity argument applicable to any symmetry-breaking phase transition that requires the phase diagram to be bifurcated. A flaw in the Fradkin-Shenker and related OsterwalderSeiler proofs is found which removes this paradox. Higgs and Confinement regions are everywhere separated by a phase boundary. A new order parameter allowing this transition to be traced with Monte-Carlo simulations without gauge fixing is introduced.
Damage Awards in Perspective: Behind the Headline-Grabbing Awards in Exxon Valdez and Engle

This article suggests that increases in awards in one area of law should not be evaluated in isolation from all other areas of law. Comparing the time trend in awards in federal torts and products liability cases with the trend in federal contracts cases yields a useful perspective on increases in damages awards in torts and products liability cases. For example, the finding that contract awards have risen faster than tort awards has important implications for the source of torts awards increases. The article then tries to put two headline-grabbing punitive awards in perspective. By showing the relation between the Exxon Valdez punitive award and the mass of punitive awards, it suggests that the Exxon award, though headline-grabbing because of its size, fits in the larger, sober mass of awards. The article suggests that the Ninth Circuit's opinion in Exxon Valdez incorrectly quantified the harm against which the punitive award should be measured. The largest punitive award, that against the tobacco industry in Engle, can best be understood against the background of the tobacco industry's national settlement of actions brought by the state attorneys general.
Lipoteichoic Acid, a Major Amphiphile of Gram-Positive Bacteria That Is Not Readily Extractable

Commonly used procedures effected the extraction of only 10% of the lipoteichoic acid of stationary-phase cells of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus faecium, unless the cells were first disrupted.
Lightning channel length and flash energy determined from moments of the flash area distribution

A widely used approach in observational and modeling studies of NOx produced by lightning is to relate NOx production to the number of flashes, without regard for the distribution of lightning flash sizes. Recent studies have begun to consider channel length and flash size, which is now observable with VHF Lightning Mapping Array data. This study uses a capacitor model for flash energy based on the flash coverage area, which defines a size scale. This flash area is then filled with channel using a fractal method and compared to other methods that estimate length directly from the VHF source locations. In the presence of instrument measurement errors, area- and fractal-based estimates are shown to be more stable estimators of flash length than connect-the-dots approaches and therefore are better suited for comparison to NOx production. A geometric interpretation of using vertical profiles of VHF source density to weight the altitude distribution of total channel length is developed. An example of the time series of moments of the lightning flash size distribution is shown for an example case, and some meteorological interpretation is given.
Treating gout in kidney transplant recipients.

ObjectiveTo review the etiology, treatment, and preventive strategies of hyperuricemia and gout in kidney transplant recipients.Data SourcesPrimary literature was obtained via Medline (1966-June 20...
Structure of a T4 hairpin loop on a Z-DNA stem and comparison with A-RNA and B-DNA loops☆

Abstract The synthetic DNA oligomer C-G-C-G-C-G-T-T-T-T-C-G-C-G-C-G crystallizes as a Z-DNA hexamer, capped at one end by a T4 loop. The crystals are monoclinic, space group C2, with a = 57.18 A , b = 21.63 A , c = 36.40 A , β = 95.22 ° , and one hairpin molecule per asymmetric unit. The structure of the z-hexamer stem was determined by molecular replacement, and the T4 loop was positioned by difference map methods. The final R factor at 2.1 A resolution for hairpin plus 70 water molecules is 20% for 2σ data, with a root-mean-square error of 0.26 A. The (C-G)3 stem resembles the free Z-DNA hexamer with minor crystal packing effects. The T4 loop differs from that observed on a B-DNA stem in solution, or in longer loops in tRNA, in that it shows intraloop and intermolecular interactions rather than base stacking on the final base-pair of the stem. Bases T7, T8 and T9 stack with one another and with the sugar of T7. Two T10 bases from different molecules stack between the C1-G12 terminal base-pairs of a third and fourth molecule, to simulate a T · T “base-pair”. Distances between thymine N and O atoms suggest that the two thymine bases are hydrogen bonded, and a keto-enol tautomer pair is favored over disordered keto-keto wobble pairs. The hairpin molecules pack in the crystal in herringbone columns in a manner that accounts well for the observed relative crystal growth rates in a, b and c directions. Hydration seems to be most extensive around the phosphate groups, with lesser hydration within the grooves.
Role of Procalcitonin in Managing Adult Patients With Respiratory Tract Infections

Respiratory infections remain the most common reason why patients seek medical care in ambulatory and hospital settings, and they are the most frequent precursor of sepsis. In light of the limitations of clinical signs and symptoms and traditional microbiologic diagnostics for respiratory infections, blood biomarkers that correlate with the presence and extent of bacterial infections may provide additional useful information to improve diagnostic and prognostic efforts and help with therapeutic decisions in individual patients. A growing body of evidence supports the use of procalcitonin (PCT) to differentiate bacterial from viral respiratory diagnoses, to help risk stratify patients, and to guide antibiotic therapy decisions about initial need for, and optimal duration of, therapy. Although still relatively new on the clinical frontier, a series of randomized controlled trials have evaluated PCT protocols for antibiotic-related decision making and have included patients from different clinical settings and with different severities of respiratory infection. In these trials, initial PCT levels were effective in guiding decisions about the initiation of antibiotic therapy in lower-acuity patients, and subsequent measurements were effective for guiding duration of therapy in higher-acuity patients, without apparent harmful effects. Recent European respiratory infection guidelines now also recognize this concept. As with any other laboratory test, PCT should not be used on a stand-alone basis. Rather, it must be integrated into clinical protocols, together with clinical, microbiologic data and with results from clinical risk scores. The aim of this review is to summarize recent evidence about the usefulness of PCT in patients with lower respiratory tract infections and to discuss the potential benefits and limitations of this marker when used for clinical decision making.
Variation in severity of cardiac disease in Holt‐Oram syndrome

We describe a family with Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS) with variable hand and cardiac manifestations. One affected relative had complex congenital malformations of the heart consisting of an endocardial cushion defect and hypoplasia of the left ventricle. The literature from 1974 to 1995 is reviewed. Atrial septal defect is the most common cardiac abnormality (60.3% of 189 cases) occurring singly or in combination with other malformations. Thirty-three individuals (17.5% of literature cases) have more complex congenital malformations of the heart requiring complicated medical management and extensive cardiac surgery. Many genetic reference sources of HOS indicate that single or less severe cardiac malformations are expected in this disorder. It is important to provide more information about the occurrence and spectrum of severity of malformations of the heart to individuals and families where HOS is present. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Some New Aspects of the Application of Maximum Likelihood to the Calculation of the Dosage Response Curve

Abstract The estimation of the parameters of dosage response curves by the standard probit method is an iterative process beginning with approximations to the parameters and using one or more cycles of computations to “improve” these estimates until they converge. The present paper gives a table and method for computing the maximum likelihood solution which converges more rapidly than the standard probit method. A procedure is presented for obtaining more accurate initial approximations, and the problem of the bias of the maximum likelihood estimates in small samples is considered.
Rat major acute-phase protein: biosynthesis and characterization of a cDNA clone

Abstract The major acute-phase protein ( α 1 -MAP) of rat serum is induced in response to inflammation. This induction may be attributed to a corresponding increase in the level of translatable mRNA for the protein. Using in vitro and in vivo systems, various biosynthetic processing intermediates of this glycoprotein have been isolated. α 1 -MAP is translated in a rabbit reticulocyte system as a preprotein with an amino-terminal signal peptide and an apparent molecular weight of 51,000. Translation of rough microsomes yields a product with a mass of 57,000 Da, representing the core glycosylated form of α 1 -MAP. Cotranslational glycosylation appears to occur in a stepwise fashion, since three glycosylated forms of α 1 -MAP (51,000, 54,000, and 57,000 Da) were detected in polysome translations; these products were digested by endoglycosidase H to a 48,000-Da protein. Two intracellular forms of α 1 -MAP were observed in vivo , a 57,000-Da (core carbohydrate sidechains) and a 66,000-Da protein (mature complex carbohydrate side-chains); the latter was the only component secreted into the culture medium. To extend our studies on this protein, a cDNA clone specific for α 1 -MAP was isolated. The recombinant was positively identified by hybrid selection procedures and contains a 1.55-kb insert. Partial radiosequence analysis of the primary translation product indicated the distribution of Leu, Ile, Cys, and Met in the amino-terminal region of this protein. To relate the location of these amino acids with the nucleotide sequence, cDNA was analyzed by the method of Maxam and Gilbert. These results indicate that the cDNA insert contains the 3′ poly(A) tail, and alignment of the 5′ end of the cDNA with the available amino acid sequence of the primary translation product corroborated that the insert encodes the entire α 1 -MAP protein except for the first four amino acids of the signal peptide.
Multiple behavioral techniques in severe separation anxiety of a twelve-year-old.

Abstract This study describes a case of severe separation anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder which had previously been unsuccessfully treated along psychoanalytic lines as a school phobia. The subject was a 12-year-old male junior high school student who, over a period of two years and five months, had either not attended school or had attended under duress and fled for home. Procedures included relaxation, systematic desensitization, in vivo desensitization, positive reinforcement and graduated reduction of ritual behaviors. After 88 sessions the patient was able to attend school without anxiety. Follow-up two years later indicated that all gains had been maintained.
Resource Availability and Parasitoid Abundance in the Analysis of Host-Parasitoid Data

Population models have suggested that host regulation by natural enemies is achieved by the densitydependent response of natural enemies to temporal and spatial changes in host density. However, surveys of insect host-parasitoid systems (Morrison and Strong 1980, Dempster 1983, Stiling 1987) indicate that few field studies provide unambiguous evidence of densitydependent relationships. It has been argued that density dependence may be obscured by various behavioral and stochastic elements involved in the interaction, rendering our methods for its detection inadequate (Morrison and Strong 1980, Stiling and Strong 1982, Hassell 1985, Lessels 1985, Morrison 1986, Stiling 1987, Price 1988). Hassell (1985) has suggested that the regulatory role of natural enemies may be detected by examining the relationship between the per capita searching efficiency and parasitoid density. The per capita searching efficiency is calculated as:
History of Midwifery in New Mexico: Partnership Between Curandera‐parteras and the New Mexico Department of Health

Curandera-parteras (traditional Hispanic midwives) have been in northern New Mexico since before its statehood. In the 1930s, the New Mexico Department of Health began a valuable relationship with the curandera-parteras through the Midwife Consultant Program. This article describes the relationship between the curandera-parteras and the New Mexico Department of Health originating in the 1920s. The amenable and effective working relationship achieved between curandera-parteras and public health during this time period helped create the positive support for midwifery that is apparent in New Mexico today.
The strain hardening of zinc single crystals in alternating tension and compression

Abstract Zinc single crystals oriented for basal glide were strained in tension-compression between the strain limits ± 1 per cent in order to determine the nature of the strain hardening under these conditions. At room temperature, rapid hardening occurs for only a few cycles, the rate becoming low and constant out to accumulated strains of more than 3000 per cent. At −52°C, strain hardening continues through 100 or more cycles (400 per cent total strain) and, under a favorable gripping arrangement, to an unusually high stress level of more than 5000 lb/in 2 . The curve shape is approximately linear, like that of a tensile hardening curve in the stress range where data for the latter exists, up to 500 lb/in 2 , and is insensitive to orientation. Above 2000 lb/in 2 , the hardening rate decreases, becoming essentially zero at the termination of the test. This result exhibits, for the first time, the existence of dynamic recovery in zinc at low temperature, showing that it occurs with great difficulty. The hardening behaviour is interpreted in terms of an “irreversible” mechanism involving the motion and cross glide of screw dislocations. The high stresses attainable in zinc by cyclic straining and the previously reported difficulty of fatigue fracture are believed related by a common mechanism, namely the difficulty of dynamic recovery in this material. During fatigue at a constant stress amplitude, the steady state plastic strain is small; thus fatigue cracks grow at a low rate.
AVD-LV: an accessible player for captioned STEM videos

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires online lecture creators to caption the videos for deaf and hard of hearing students, or for deaf and low vision (DLV) students who request these accommodations. While current captioned lecture video interfaces are usually accessible to deaf students, it is more challenging to provide full accessibility to DLV viewers who have restricted vision, as they cannot see both the lecture and captions simultaneously. We present an enhanced interface for YouTube lectures (Accessible View Device interface for Low Vision) that provides more accessibility for DLV viewers. This interface provides the ability to pause either the video or the captions with a single key-press, so that the viewer can follow simultaneous audio and video information. This interface is available to anyone and can be used with any captioned lecture on YouTube.
An improved transformation vector for the lignin-degrading white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium.

Abstract In this study, a lignin peroxidase-encoding gene ( LIP ) of Phanerochaete chrysosporium was disrupted by inserting into its coding region the kanamycin-resistance determinant from Tn903. The resulting recombinant plasmid, pU GLG1: kan , was transformed into P. chrysosporium with the expectation that the disrupted gene might replace the homologous LIP gene in the chromosome. However, the results showed that pU GLGl: kan sequences do not integrate into the chromosome; instead, the plasmid is maintained intact in the transformants in an extrachromosomal state. Our data also show that pU GLGl: kan undergoes replication in P. chrysosporium , is maintained as a circular element, is recoverable from meiotic and mitotic progeny, although at a low frequency, and can be recovered intact by Escherichia coli transformation. These results suggest that the GLG1 component of pU GLG1: kan contains as yet unidentified sequences that allow its autonomous replication in P. chrysosporium transformants.
Management of Traumatic Coronary Artery Injuries: Advantages of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass

Coronary artery injuries are rare but highly lethal. Debate exists as to the best treatment for this complex set of injuries, with historical treatment favoring arterial ligation. Although conventional coronary artery bypass grafting using cardiopulmonary bypass has been used somewhat successfully, enthusiasm for off-pump CABG (OPCAB) has grown more recently. We report two unique cases of left anterior descending coronary arterial injuries managed successfully with OPCAB.
ESTIMATION OF SPECIES RICHNESS: MIXTURE MODELS, THE ROLE OF RARE SPECIES, AND INFERENTIAL CHALLENGES

We examine the role of rare species in the problem of estimating within- habitat species richness based on sampling data. Richness estimation can be modeled re- alistically for abundance-based and incidence-based data using Poisson or binomial mix- tures, respectively. The problem can be reduced to estimation of the odds of the probability of a species remaining undetected in the sample or sample set. Within this rigorous statistical framework, we explore existing methods of richness estimation and assess their limitations. We do this by modeling the addition of increasing numbers of rare, undetected species to a reference assemblage, assessing the power of different methods to distinguish the modified species assemblages from the reference assemblage. (We use empirical example data sets for birds, seeds, and beetles as reference assemblages.) By considering the contributions of rare species and the role of undetected species for a fixed sampling effort, we show why the problem of richness estimation is so difficult, and we discuss what statistical models can provide.
A model for recentralization of computing: (distributed processing comes home)

Distributed systems commonly contain heterogencity at all lcvels of systems structure, differentiated by function (special servers), operating systems and architecture within a single system. On the other hand, large mainframes tend to be more homogeneous in their structures, even when they are multiprocessors. This paper explores a way of using the models of heterogeneous distributed computing within a mainframe. The argument is that appropriate restructuring of the mainframe can achieve a convergence of network oriented and mainframe oriented models of computing and show that a mainframe is just a special case of a distributed system that happens to exist in a box rather than be distributed across wider distances. While there are different views about how many of the "aspects" of distributed processing such a system would have, it would potentially have the advantage of putting large frames on the same power and price/performance curves as collections of distributed nodes. And it would add some attractive features to mainframes.A key concept is that computer structures scale up and down an communications becomes less of a barrier. When looking at a map of a coastline, it is necessary to have reference points to know whether the shape is a few miles, a few hundred miles or a few thousand miles. The analogy for computing is that in the future it will be true that in regarding a population of processors one will need a reference point to know whether the population exists within a frame, within a room, within a building, or spans greater geographical distances.A new structure for mainframes and their relationships to endpoint devices is presented. The author feels that this structure reflects a realistic interpretation of a number of technology trends and information management concerns.It is tremendously important for the reader to remember that a paradigm of computing dominating thinking at the beginning of a decade need not be the paradigm that actually emerges, Historically we move quickly from one pardigm to another. It took just 5 years to move from concepts of highly centralized MULTICS driven computer utilities to complete decentralization of computing, and on to various images of distributed processing. Current paradigms that stress agglomerations of small machines may be just as ephemeral and our notions of where to place enduser interface functions may well not yet be mature.
Bringing critical theory and ethical considerations to definitions of a “public”

Abstract Utilizing recent moves in contemporary rhetorical criticism, this article offers perspectives on understanding an often neglected issue in public relations inquiry—the conceptualization and definition of a “public.” Within the critical position of cultural studies, the articulation model of interpretation offers unique insights into notions of “meaning” and “audience,” which, in turn, inform the public relations concept of public . In addition, employing ethnography as research method facilitates the cultural studies perspective that privileges meaning in the receiver. This article discusses the possibilities of utilizing theories of contemporary rhetorical criticism and the ethnographic method to lend more understanding to the concept of public; a hypothetical case study that demonstrates how critical theories can introduce unique insights into defining publics is also presented. My purpose here is twofold: to recognize and privilege the publics' participation in the public relations process and, following Olasky (1989) and Pearson (1989), in turn, call attention to the institutional paradigm that directs public relations research and grant the publics' role in the communication dialogue that is, inherently, part of the process of public relations. This “problematizing” of unquestioned, absolute allegiance to the organization supports recognition of the publics we communicate to, in turn, encouraging ethical responsibility to the persons we communicate to and to the environment we all inhabit.
Nanoporous carbon membranes for separation of nitrogen and oxygen: Insight from molecular simulations

Abstract Here we summarize some of our recent work on using molecular simulations to understand the key mechanism that result in large differences in the reported permeation rates of O 2 and N 2 in nanoporous carbon membranes. Two different representation of the amorphous nanoporous membrane structure are used; the hypothetical C 168 Schwarzite and a single wall carbon nanotube with a constriction. By comparing the results obtained from empirical planar graphite potential and an ab initio-based potential, the effect of carbon curvature and the presence of non-hexagonal carbon rings in C 168 Schwarzite is also investigated. It is found using either force field, that the energetic effect alone cannot explain the experimental observations. However, simulations performed using carbon nanotube with a constriction show that the size or entropic effect can be dominant. In particular, it is shown that an appropriate size constriction can result in large transport resistance to nitrogen while letting oxygen to pass through at a much higher rate, even though these gases have very similar molecular sizes and interaction energetics.
Genetic conversion of G.C base-pairs to A.U base-pairs in a transfer RNA.

Abstract The cloverleaf stem segments of the suppressor gene of bacteriophage T4 tRNAGln contain ten G · C and ten A · U base-pairs. To gain a better appreciation of the G · C base-pair requirement, we isolated multiple mutants of this suppressor gene in which base-pairs of G · C were replaced by A · U. One active suppressor gene contained only A · U base-pairs on the anticodon stem, indicating that G · C base-pairs in this region of tRNAGln are not essential for function. In contrast, replacement was not possible at two base-pairs on the D stem and at one base-pair on the T stem.
Optimal conditions for detection of reverse transcriptase activity in human placentas

Optimal conditions for detecting reverse transcriptase activity in human placental extracts are described. They vary with the state of the placenta at birth and are influenced by relative amounts of detergent, monovalent cation, and protein in the reaction mixture. Demonstrating activity of the placental enzyme requires detergent, but the enzyme is sensitive to high detergent concentrations. This sensitivity can be be altered by lowering the monovalent cation concentration from 0.154 to 0.034 M and by adding protein to the reaction mixture. The detection of reverse transcriptase in Rauscher murine leukemia virus and baboon endogenous type C virus, but not in the Mason-Pfizer monkey type D virus, shows similar requirements.
Factor Analysis of the WAIS and Twenty French-Kit Reference Tests.

Over a 3-year period, 20 reference tests were given to 114 undergraduate students ranging in age from 18 to 46. The WAIS was given to 107 of the students. Maximum likelihood factor analysis was performed on the 31-variable correlation matrix formed by the 11 WAIS subscales and 20 reference tests. A maximum likelihood test of significance supported the hypothesis of 10 factors. Significant split-sample factor reliabilities and WAIS subscale loadings were found on all 10 factors. The rotated factors in order of explained variance were Verbal Comprehension, Visualization, Memory Span, Syllogistic Reasoning, General Reasoning, Induc tion, Mechanical Knowledge, Number Facility, Spa tial Orientation, and Associative Memory. The apparent contradictions between many previous analyses of the WAIS are discussed and a unified interpretation is presented.
A randomized trial of ritodrine tocolysis versus expectant management in patients with premature rupture of membranes at 25 to 30 weeks of gestation

Expectant management was compared with similar management plus ritodrine tocolysis in a randomized controlled trial in patients with premature rupture of membranes at 25 to 30 weeks of gestation. In the tocolysis group intravenously administered ritodrine was instituted at the onset of labor and then changed to the oral form if successful. Tocolysis was discontinued or not instituted after 31 weeks of gestation. Seventy-nine patients were randomized over a 4-year period, 39 in the tocolysis group and 40 in the expectant group. Twenty-three patients in the tocolysis group actually received ritodrine. No difference between the two groups was demonstrated in the interval between premature rupture of membranes and delivery or in reaching 32 weeks of gestation. No statistical difference was seen in maternal morbidity. Birth weights and gestational ages at delivery were similar between the two groups as were the incidences of neonatal morbidities caused by prematurity and infection and in the duration of neonatal hospital stays. Despite being conducted in those gestational ages in which prolongation of pregnancy might be expected to be of most benefit, no difference could be demonstrated with the addition of tocolytic therapy over expectant management alone.
The complex scaled multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree-Fock method for studying resonant states: application to the 2 s2 He Feshbach resonance.

The complex scaled multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree-Fock method (CMCTDHF also called the complex scaled multiconfigurational linear response method) is used to study the doubly excited He 2s2 Feshbach resonance energy and lifetime. Various even-tempered Gaussian basis set/complete active space (CAS) combinations are examined. The results are compared with the complex scaled full configuration interaction (FCI) [P. R. Zdanska and N. Moiseyev, J. Chem. Phys. 123, 194105 (2005)], complex-scaled equation-of-motion coupled-cluster method with single and double substitutions [K. B. Bravaya, D. Z. Zuev, E. Epifanovsky, and A. I. Krylov, J. Chem. Phys. 138, 124106 (2013)], and exact numerical calculations [Y. K. Ho, Phys. Rev. A 23, 2137 (1981); E. Lindroth, Phys. Rev. A 49, 4473 (1994); A. Burgers, D. Wintgren, and J.-M. Ross, J. Phys. B 28, 3163 (1995); and N. Elander, S. Levin, and E. Yarevsky, Phys. Rev. A 67, 062508 (2003)]. It is shown that CMCTDHF is able to provide highly accurate resonance par...
What Poincaré Knew

In this comprehensive intellectual biography, Gray surveys the wide range of Poincare9s contributions and impact.
Structure-activity studies of CTL inhibitory peptides derived from HLA class I molecules

Abstract A series of dimeric peptides derived from a conserved HLA Class I hexapeptide sequence have been synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit T cell-mediated lysis and to disrupt membranes. Structure-activity studies of the C-N/N-C dimer show that activity is especially sensitive to substitution of isoleucine residues. The results further define and delimit the basis for activity by HLA-derived peptides.