cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A cross-domain authentication protocol based on hypercube

In this article, we present a cross-domain protocol model based on hypercube, analysis of the theorem and simulation results. Utilizing the structural features of hypercube, the model supports mutual authentication between the entities in different trust domains. Compared with traditional cross-domain authentication model, the proposed model reduces the register workload among authentication servers and simplifies the distributed and management of shared keys among authentication servers. The model could also avoid network bottleneck and single point collapse problems. Analysis shows that the protocol model is secure and reliable. Therefore, the application servers can effectively carry out access control to ensure network security.
An inter-professional approach to personalized medicine education: one institution's experience

Personalized medicine offers the promise of better diagnoses, targeted therapies and individualized treatment plans. Pharmacogenomics is an integral component of personalized medicine; it aids in the prediction of an individual's response to medications. Despite growing public acceptance and emerging clinical evidence, this rapidly expanding field of medicine is slow to be adopted and utilized by healthcare providers, although many believe that they should be knowledgeable and able to apply pharmacogenomics in clinical practice. Institutional infrastructure must be built to support pharmacogenomic implementation. Multidisciplinary education for healthcare providers is a critical component for pharmacogenomics to achieve its full potential to optimize patient care. We describe our recent experience at the Mayo Clinic implementing pharmacogenomics education in a large, academic healthcare system facilitated by the Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine.
Fluid Retention with Minoxidil

Excerpt To the editor: In their discussion of resistant hypertension in a recent issue (1), Drs. Gifford and Tarazi state that fluid retention accompanying minoxidil treatment is "barely controllab...
Technology management degree programs: Meeting the needs of employers

A profound need exists for employees with expertise in technology management in today's rapidly changing technologically-based environment. The competencies, skills, and abilities of graduates of technology management programs should reflect and meet the needs of the employers of these graduates. It is imperative that the design and development of technology management curricula consider the needs of business and industry, yet very little research has addressed this aspect. The author conducted a study using a purposive sample population of technology-managers from four industry sectors (business services, education, government, and manufacturing) in addition to economic developers. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the core curricular elements of effective undergraduate technology management academic programs. The relative perceived importance of each of the following eight core-competency areas were addressed in the study: (a) technology project management, (b) management of technological change, (c) information and knowledge management, (d) management of organizational change, (e) strategic management of technology, (f) assessment and evaluation of technology, (g) quality management of technology, and (h) innovation and product development. The results of this study demonstrated that inclusion of specific technology management core competencies in undergraduate technology management programs is essential in order to meet the needs of employers.
Characterization of biofilm-like structures formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a synthetic mucus medium

The accumulation of thick stagnant mucus provides a suitable environment for the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus within the lung alveoli of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. These infections cause significant lung damage, leading to respiratory failure and death. In an artificial mucin containing medium ASM+, P. aeruginosa forms structures that resemble typical biofilms but are not attached to any surface. We refer to these structures as biofilm like structures (BLS). Using ASM+ in a static microtiter plate culture system, we examined the roles of mucin, extracellular DNA, environmental oxygen (EO2), and quorum sensing (QS) in the development of biofilm-like structures (BLS) by P. aeruginosa; and the effect of EO2 and P. aeruginosa on S. aureus BLS. Under 20% EO2, P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 produced BLS that resemble typical biofilms but are confined to the ASM+ and not attached to the surface. Levels of mucin and extracellular DNA within the ASM+ were optimized to produce robust well developed BLS. At 10% EO2, PAO1 produced thicker, more developed BLS, while under 0% EO2, BLS production was diminished. In contrast, the S. aureus strain AH133 produced well-developed BLS only under 20% EO2. In PAO1, loss of the QS system genes rhlI and rhlR affected the formation of BLS in ASM+ in terms of both structure and architecture. Whether co-inoculated into ASM+ with AH133, or added to established AH133 BLS, PAO1 eliminated AH133 within 48–56 h. The thick, viscous ASM+, which contains mucin and extracellular DNA levels similar to those found in the CF lung, supports the formation of biofilm-like structures similar to the aggregates described within CF airways. Alterations in environmental conditions or in the QS genes of P. aeruginosa, as occurs naturally during the progression of CF lung infection, affect the architecture and quantitative structural features of these BLS. Thus, ASM+ provides an in vitro medium in which the effect of changing levels of substances produced by the host and the bacteria can be analyzed to determine the effect on such structures and on the susceptibility of the bacteria within the BLS to various treatments.
Effect of lung lavage on the stress relaxation of the respiratory system

To test the hypothesis that lowering the concentrations of surfactant molecules at the gas-liquid interface increases viscoelastic dissipation in the lungs, the amplitude and time course of stress relaxation were quantified before and after lavage of the lungs with warm saline in five newborn and five 8-wk-old anesthetized piglets. Stress relaxation was separated from other dissipative pressure losses by fitting the pressure decays that follow airway occlusions performed during a period of constant inspiratory flow to a double-exponential regression. The amplitude of stress relaxation (defined by the term of the regression with the longest time constant) related linearly to the changes in respiratory system volume and elastic recoil preceding the occlusions both before and after the lavage. Lung lavage increased the slope of both relationships without altering the time course of the relaxations. In addition to being consistent with the proposed hypothesis, these results suggest that viscoelastic pressure ...
Are Functional Guilds More Realistic Management Units Than Individual Species for Restoration?1

Abstract Categorizing species according to their functional traits, such as spatial and temporal patterns of resource use, effects on ecosystems, and responses to environmental perturbations, can facilitate successful restoration of plant communities. Functional guilds condense species lists by grouping species according to similarities in characteristics we believe to be important in a particular context. These groupings can allow us to (1) ensure community and ecosystem structural and functional attributes, (2) increase competitiveness of the community to deter the establishment of undesirable species, (3) simplify and test models of community assembly including resistance to invasion, succession, and species coexistence, and (4) facilitate cross-site comparisons. As useful as functional guilds can be, we must not overlook the potentially important roles of individual species. In restoration, including multiple species that represent each functional type within a target community may provide a buffer ag...
Näherungsweise Bestimmung der Grenzfrequenz von zylindrischen Hohlleitern beliebigen Querschnitts

Wir betrachten einen zylindrischen, metallisch begrenzten verlust-freien Hohlleiter nach Fig. 14.1, in dem sich elektromagnetische Wellen langs der Zylinderachse z fortpflanzen. Die Theorie der Wellenausbreitung in solchen Hohlleitern setzen wir in ihren Grundtatsachen als bekannt voraus; wir werden im folgenden Abschnitt die benotigten rechnerischen Beziehungen kurz rekapitulieren **).
AN EVALUATION OF THE COMMUNITY-BASED CARE AND SUPPORT SERVICES FOR OLDER PERSONS IN A SPECIFIC COMMUNITY

Community-based care and support services for older persons aim at enhancing their quality of life and keeping them in their communities for as long as possible. The aim of this study was to evaluate these services in a specific community, namely the Motheo District, Free State Province. The views of three groups of participants were obtained, namely management committee members from organisations for older persons, older persons benefiting from these services, and social workers involved in these services. Findings from the three groups of participants were triangulated throughout the study and some recommendations were made for enhancing these services.
Cooperative Pest Detection and Monitoring System: a Realistic Approach

Pest management of agricultural crops and natural resources is a systems management of pest-oriented ecosystems. An ecosystem may be conceived as an interacting whole, in which man plays a dominant role, of co-acting organisms and their environment in a steady state developed through time. Pest management as a manipulation procedure on the agro ecosystem must be developed on the basis of economic, ecological, technical and societal considerations, and requires accurate assessment of pest populations and their interactions with other components in the agro ecosystem.
A Method for Using Historical Ground Delay Programs to Inform Day-of-Operations Programs

While each day in the National Airspace System is unique, even the most challenging traffic flow management situations are likely to have some historical precedent. Unfortunately, traffic managers today are mostly limited to their ownpast experiences, and cannot leverage the experiences of others. This paper describes a novel approach for leveraging such “lessons learned” by making past control actions in similar situations available to the decision maker, specifically in the context of potential ground delay programs. By reviewing the response in similar situations, the decision maker is better informed as to whether a ground delay program would be needed, and if so, what the duration, scope, and rates could be. In the work presented here, methods for searching a combined historical archive of weather, traffic and operational actions for comparable conditions are evaluated. Multiple Weather Impacted Traffic Indices, describing both observations and forecasts, are used to characterize the operational situation. The control action response is extracted from the National Traffic Management Log and posted advisories. We evaluate several schemes for finding relevant past situations by their ability to retrieve situations with the same control action as was ultimately chosen by the traffic managers. All but one scheme exceeded baseline performance in each retrieval category, with an average improvement of 10% on the range of the metrics we used, suggesting that an appropriate decision support tool could inform decisions on ground delay programs.
Condensation of Ultrafine Silica from a Laser-Induced Plume

The different silica-phase morphologies formed in synthesizing silica-metal matrix composites layers have been studied, using a new evaporation technique, involving rapid condensation of silica from a laser beam induced-ceramic plume. This process occurs within a reactive gas environment (98.5% hydrogen, 1.5% methane), with a heated tungsten filament in proximity to the laser beam-material interaction zone. The silica phase in the composite layers deposited on a nickel substrate exhibited different metastable morphologies, namely, nanometer-size amorphous fibers or linear-chain shape aggregates. There appeared to be a correlation between the morphology of the deposits and the position of the heated tungsten filament. When the tungsten filament was absent, silica was deposited in the form of clusters. In this case, depending on the beam-ceramic target interaction times, there was a shift in the Si-O stretching vibration characteristics. The laser beam-ceramic target interaction and the formation of the laser-induced ceramic plume are briefly discussed. Characterization techniques involved FTTR, X-ray diffraction, Auger and microprobe analysis, EDX and WDX analysis, SEM and TEM.
Recognizing the Political in Implementation Research

The widely publicized opposition to the implementation of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) is in marked contrast to its relatively uncontroversial development and adoption—a contrast that points to the importance of understanding how the politics of enactment differs from the politics of implementation. In this article, we draw on the research literatures on enactment, implementation, and policy feedback to outline the reasons that the politics of policy implementation may look quite different from the politics of enactment, and we argue that education researchers need to pay as much attention to the political sustainability of reforms as to their implementation into school-level practice. This essay is an exercise in retrieval and construction, looking back to early implementation studies that featured political factors as key components of their analytical frameworks but also building on the insights from newer research that uses policy feedback as its theoretical lens. In arguing why the analysis...
Serum concentrations of substance P in cholestasis

Substance P (SP) is an excitatory neuropeptide that acts via the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1) in the nervous system. Pruritus, a complication of cholestasis, is a nociceptive stimulus; thus, we hypothesized that cholestasis would be associated with increased neurotransmission via SP as evidenced, in part, by increased serum concentrations of this neuropeptide. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the serum concentration of SP in patients with pruritus secondary to cholestasis and in the serum of rats with cholestasis secondary to bile duct resection (BDR). The mean serum SP concentration of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and pruritus was 9.09 pg/mL SD +/- 6.5, significantly higher than 0.74 pg/mL SD +/- 0.77, the mean serum concentration of SP from patients with CLD without pruritus (p = 0.0001), and from that of the control group, which was 0.65 pg/mL SD +/- 0.37 (p = 0.0001). The mean serum SP concentration from six rats with cholestasis secondary to BDR six and fourteen days after surgery was 57.9 pg/mL, SD +/- 17.3, and 56.3 pg/mL, SD +/- 21.4, respectively, as compared to the concentration from the sham resected control group, which was 3.5 pg/mL SD +/- 0.59 (p = 0.002) at six days post surgery. In conclusion, in cholestasis, there is increased availability of SP. These data provide a rationale for the study of SP release and metabolism in cholestasis, and in the mediation of the pruritus.
Multi-view Recognition Using Weighted View Selection

In this paper, we present an algorithm for multi-view recognition in a distributed camera setting that learns which viewpoints are most discriminative for particular instances of ambiguity. Our method is built on top of 2D recognition algorithms and casts view selection as the problem of optimizing kernel weights in multiple kernel learning. The main contribution is a locality-sensitive meta-training step to learn a disambiguation function to select the relative weighting of available viewpoints needed to classify a 2D input example. Our method outperforms related approaches on benchmark multi-view action recognition data sets.
Adrenal Tumors: Involvement of the Inferior Vena Cava

AbstractWe report 3 cases of adrenal neoplasms with extension of tumor thrombus into the vena cava. Preoperative documentation of the presence and extent of vena caval involvement is mandatory before surgical extirpation of adrenal tumors.
The exploration of genetic resources of Portuguese cabbage and kale for resistance to several Brassica diseases

Twenty three accessions of nine Portuguese cabbage and kale land races from different geographic origins were tested at the seedling stage for resistance to several important brassica diseases. Resistance to downy mildew (Peronospora parasitica), expressed as necrosis of the cotyledon mesophyll, was found in all the accessions. Type A resistance to cabbage yellows (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans race 1) was present in most of the landraces. Resistance to clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae race 6) was found in one accession of the Portuguese tree kale. High resistance to blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) and white rust (Albuco candida) was not detected, although several accessions showed 20 to 30% of plants with intermediate expression of resistance. All Portuguese cole accessions were susceptible to blackrot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris).
Satellite Laser Altimetry

In the thirty years since the launch of the Skylab radar altimeter, satellite-based altimetry has proven to be a powerful tool to map the Earth and other planets. In order to fully exploit an orbiting altimeter, it is necessary to calibrate certain parameters not only before launch, but also after the altimeter is in orbit. Over the years, techniques have been worked out for on-orbit calibration of radar altimeters. Our use of Earth-orbiting satellite laser altimetry began in 1996 with the Shuttle Laser Altimeter. Although laser altimetry presents unique opportunities, it also requires new on-orbit calibration techniques. These techniques are still evolving and include the integration of multiple tracking data types with planned pointing maneuvers over oceans and waveform analysis. This paper describes on-orbit calibration techniques for the several missions that have flown laser altimeters to date and for laser altimeter missions which will launch in the near future.
Stuck on options and implementation in Hampton Roads, Virginia: an integrated conceptual framework for linking adaptation capacity, readiness, and barriers

This study focuses on challenges to adaptation to sea level rise (SLR) on a regional and multi-sectoral scale. We develop, test, and deploy a survey instrument that asks regional stakeholders to assess adaptation readiness and identify barriers to regional adaptation. Informed by the work of Ford and King (Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Chang 20:505–526, 2015) and Moser and Ekstrom (Proc Natl Acad Sci 107:22,026–22,031, 2010), this study operationalizes a conceptual framework for diagnosing barriers to adaptation readiness and applies it to the specific case of SLR adaptation in the Hampton Roads region of southeastern Virginia. In doing so, this work offers insights from three understudied aspects: (1) barriers to adaptation readiness, (2) a regional focus, and (3) a multi-sectoral perspective. Our survey results indicate that the key barriers to adapting to SLR occur during the planning phase of the adaptation process and the transition into the managing phase of the process. Almost 60 % of survey respondents identified implementation as one of the three most challenging phases of regional adaptation. Fifty-one percent and 36 % identified development of options and selection of options, respectively, as most challenging. Some barriers to implementation identified in the survey include conflicting mandates, lack of consensus, and lack of financial resources. We examine and discuss these barriers and how they can be overcome, allowing us to identify and characterize overarching factors essential for creating an enabling environment for adaptation. In proposing an integrated conceptual framework linking capacity, readiness, and barriers, our study thus provides an analytical and practical approach for determining adaptation readiness at the regional level, offering implications for regional governance and the practice of adaptation that spans multiple sectors.
The cloning of mammals: what are the problems?

I want to talk about a topic which is of public interest, the cloning of mammals. When you look at the media, for example the New York Times Magazin’s cover a couple of months ago, what emerges is the issue of the mad scientist, of out of space sects which believe that life came to earth by cloning, and so on. I think this is a ludicrous debate and I am not going to go further into that. There are rather serious and interesting issues behind this and these issues have been raised already half a century ago, in the seminal experiments with frogs done by Briggs and King, Gurdon, DiBernardino and by others. The principal questions which were posed then were: Does differentiation involve loss of nuclear potency, and is there nuclear differentiation? Can a nucleus of a terminally differentiated cell be reprogrammed to participate in development of an animal and the differentiation of all lineages. These are essentially the same questions we ask now, in one way or the other, and I will discuss these questions. In the second part of my talk I will actually bridge the topics of this institute. I will talk about immunology, including B and T cells.
A new insular, endemic frog of the genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, 1838 (Anura: Microhylidae) from Tioman Island, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia

A new insular, endemic species of microhylid frog of the genus Kalophrynus is described from Tioman Island, off the southeastern coast of Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Kalophrynus tiomanensis sp nov. can be differentiated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: SVL 21.4–26.3 mm; reduced webbing on toes; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; large, black inguinal spot and unique markings on dorsum. This discovery increases the number of endemic species of amphibians on Tioman Island to at least three.
Bleeding manifestations in a patient with amyloidosis

A woman aged 67 years with a history of multiple myeloma who was receiving chemotherapy was admitted to the medical intensive care unit with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. She denied having any family history of bleeding diathesis. Her laboratory studies showed a normal platelet count and coagulation profile, whereas her serum-free lambda light chain level was elevated at 183.25 mg/dL (reference: 0.57–2.63). She underwent gastric endoscopy …
Six Years of Teaching Mobile Computing: What We Have Learned

This paper is a follow-up to presentations made in 2010 and 2014. Since 2008, the Apple iOS devices have become an integral part of student learning experiences at Abilene Christian University (ACU). This paper shares the experiences of the authors from teaching an undergraduate introductory course on mobile computing at ACU since 2009 to the present. Discussed within this paper are the authors' experiences meeting the challenges of the rapidly developing landscape of mobile app dev. The paper concludes with a direction for future courses in mobile computing.
Evaluation of drag correlations using particle resolved simulations of spheres and ellipsoids in assembly

Abstract Particle-resolved simulations are performed to study the momentum transfer in flow though fixed random assembly of non-spherical particles. Ellipsoidal particles with sphericity ( ψ = 0.887) are investigated in a periodic cubic domain to simulate an infinite assembly. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved using the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM). Pressure and viscous force on each particle are calculated based on the resolved flow field. Flow through an assembly of spherical particles is tested, and predicted drag forces are compared with previous particle resolved simulation results to validate the current framework. The assembly of ellipsoidal particles is simulated for solid fraction between 0.1 and 0.35 using 191 to 669 particles, respectively, at low to moderate Reynolds numbers (10 ≤ Re ≤ 200). The simulation results show that the drag force of ellipsoidal particles is 15% to 35% larger than equal volume spherical particles. Widely used drag force correlations are evaluated based on the current simulation results. The comparisons show that for ellipsoidal particles over the range of parameters investigated in the present study, the combination of Tenneti et al.'s correlation with Holzer's single non-spherical particle drag model has the best performance with an average difference of 7.15%.
Venture Labor| Foreword to Critical Commentary on Venture Labor

At the International Communication Association’s 2014 conference in Seattle, Washington, along with other panelists, Laura Robinson, Jeremy Schulz, Alice E. Marwick, Nicole S. Cohen, C. W. Anderson, Michelle Rodino-Colocino, Enda Brophy, and Gina Neff presented their work across two panels, respectively entitled “Venture Labor: Work and ‘The Good Life’” and “Laboring for the ‘Good (Part of Your) Life.’” After the conference, panelists synthesized their conclusions. Critical commentary was invited from a range of prominent international scholars: Paul Hirsch, Sarah Banet-Weiser, Ofer Sharone, Barry Wellman, Dimitrina Dimitrova, Tsahi Hayat, Guang Ying Mo, Beverly Wellman, and Antonio Casilli.
The Effects of Agro-clusters on Rural Poverty: A Spatial Perspective for West Java

ABSTRACTNeighbouring economies are likely to influence one another. The concentration of farming activities referred to as an agro-cluster generates opportunities for income and employment in a given region and its surrounding area. We analyse the link between poverty rates and agro-clusters by accounting for spatial perspective. To quantify agro-clusters, we employ one input and one output oriented measure. The analysis applies six spatial econometric specifications. We focus on the 545 sub-districts of West Java, where about 10% of the population live in poverty. The concentration of agricultural employment significantly reduces poverty in a sub-district as well as in neighbouring regions. Specialisation in primary crop outputs is associated with positive impacts on poverty. Localisation externalities are more fundamental in agriculture’s success. These findings imply that policy interventions may be applied in a spatially selective manner because they will generate spatial spillover effects on poverty ...
Abstract 563: Enhanced Renal Angiotensinogen Upregulation Under High Glucose Condition is Mediated by TRPA1

Clinical and basic studies have revealed that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays crucial roles in the development of kidney injury during progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) whereas the activity of systemic RAS is suppressed in T1DM. Thus, intrarenal RAS is increasingly being recognized as an important factor in the development of diabetic nephropathy. We recently demonstrated expression of TRPA1, an oxidative stress-sensitive calcium channel, in renal proximal tubular cells (PTC) and TRPA1 mediates angiotensinogen (AGT) augmentation in the cells. However, regulation and function of the intrarenal TRPA1 in T1DM have not been elucidated. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate intrarenal TRPA1 expression and its contribution to AGT augmentation under high glucose condition. Streptozotocin (STZ, 200 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected to male C57BL/6 mice. Intrarenal TRPA1 expression, kidney AGT, urinary AGT, urinary 8-isoprostane, a maker of oxidative stress, and blood glucose levels were determined one week after STZ injection. Furthermore, contribution of TRPA1 to AGT regulation was tested by using mouse PTC which was cultured with normal (1.0 g/L) or high (4.5 g/L) glucose media. Under these conditions, PTC was treated with 100 μM hydrogen peroxide. Blood glucose and urinary 8-isoprostane levels were higher in the STZ-treated mice compared with control mice. TRPA1 mRNA levels were augmented in the kidney of STZ-treated mice (2.26 ± 0.2, ratio to control mice) accompanied by increases in kidney AGT and urinary AGT levels. TPRA1 upregulation was also observed in PTC which was cultured with the high glucose medium (1.55 ± 0.11, ratio to the normal glucose). Hydrogen peroxide stimulated AGT expression in PTC. The AGT elevation was enhanced in the cultured cells with the high glucose (1.52 ± 0.13-fold in the normal glucose medium vs. 1.97 ± 0.29-fold in the high glucose medium). Treatment with a TRPA1 antagonist attenuated the enhanced AGT augmentation in PTC. These results demonstrate that intrarenal TRPA1 mediates enhanced AGT upregulation under high glucose condition and suggest that intrarenal TRPA1 is implicated in intrarenal RAS activation leading to the development of T1DM-associated diabetic nephropathy.
A Matter of gravity ndash mechanotransduction how mechanical forces influence biological materials

Transduction of mechanical energy into chemical energy represents the means by which biological tissues have adapted to life in a gravitational field One pathway associated with collagen based mechanotransduction involves integrins a family of cell surface macromolecules embedded proteins that provide a link between the extracellular environment and intracellular elements While increased stress as a result of the presence of pressure from an implant or suturing can have a negative effect on tissue stability up regulation of mechanotransduction appears to occur when tensional loads are applied to tissues Tension appears to have positive effects on wound healing in a number of studies resulting in macromolecular synthesis and cell division The purpose of this mini review is to summarize recent studies that examine factors that influence integrin mediated mechanotransduction and how these influences affect implants wound healing and other important biological processes
Inter-group mass transfer modeling in the two-group two-fluid model with interfacial area transport equation in condensing flow

Abstract The two-group two-fluid model with interfacial area transport equation is analyzed in gas-dispersed condensing flow. Past work on the inter-group mass transfer model, required for closure of the dispersed phase conservation equations and interfacial area transport equations, has only considered the condition of expansion of group-1 bubbles to group-2 bubbles with inter-group transfer from group-2 to group-1 only through group-2 breakup. However, in condensing flows, the condensation of large group-2 bubbles provide a significant source of mass and interfacial area to group-1 bubbles. Therefore, the inter-group mass transfer model is revisited in this work to derive a more general form suitable to any heat transfer and pressure change condition. The resulting model requires a second inter-group transfer coefficient. In analogy to the original model, a general case of the group distributions is considered to describe a preliminary treatment of the new inter-group transfer coefficients. The simulation employs a coupled calculation of the void transport equations and interfacial area transport equations for both bubble groups. Validation against existing data shows results consistent with the physics of the flow field.
Response to Gutstein Generalized - A Philosophical Debate

It is a pleasure, challenge, and an honor to respond to the thoughtful and innovative debate started by Braver, Micklus, Bradley, van Spronsen, Allen, & Campbell on teaching mathematics for social justice. They take seriously the issues in, and raise many interesting views about, my article, Teaching and Learning Mathematics for Social Justice in an Urban Latino School (JRME, January, 2003). I would like to respond to (connected) two points in particular: the relationship of functional to critical literacies, and the relationship of “critical thinking” in mathematics to learning mathematics for social justice. However, I would first like to clarify certain points about my article.
Impedance of Pistons on a Two–Layer Medium with Inviscid Homogeneous Flow

An integral transform technique is used to develop a general solution for the impedance of two-dimensional pistons acting on a two-layer medium. The medium consists of a semi-infinite fluid with homogeneous subsonic flow above a viscoelastic layer in a rigid infinite baffle. The stresses acting on the planar baffle and piston, as a result of piston motion, are determined using linear elasticity theory and the pressures in the fluid are determined using the convected wave equation. The case of a rigid piston of length L is considered. The derived expression for impedance is evaluated by direct numerical integration of the wavenumber transformed solution. Numerical results over a range of flow speeds and layer thicknesses are compared with classical impedance functions. At low frequencies (k0L < 2), the impedances vary significantly from the classical piston impedance functions due to the shear properties of the viscoelastic medium and flow Mach number. These deviations from the classical piston impedance occur for both resistance and reactance. It was also found that with increasing Mach number, the reactive component of impedance transitions from negative (spring-like) to positive (mass-like) in the low frequency range. At higher frequencies, the influence of Mach number is secondary to layer thickness.
Repeated cross‐sectional study of Trypanosoma cruzi in shelter dogs in Texas, in the context of Dirofilaria immitis and tick‐borne pathogen prevalence

BACKGROUND: Vector‐borne diseases have an adverse impact on health of dogs, and infected dogs can be sentinels for human infection. Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi, an agent of Chagas disease, causes fatal heart disease in dogs across the southern United States but has been neglected from wide‐scale prevalence studies. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of exposure to T. cruzi, Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi, and infection with Dirofilaria immitis among dogs in shelters across Texas and to identify risk factors for T. cruzi seropositivity. ANIMALS: Six hundred and eight dogs. METHODS: This repeated cross‐sectional study was performed by collecting blood from ~30 dogs during each of the 3 visits to 7 shelters. We tested serum for antibodies to T. cruzi using 2 tests in series and for antibodies to Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., and B. burgdorferi and D. immitis antigen using the IDEXX SNAP 4DX Plus point‐of‐care test. DNA was extracted from blood clots and tested for T. cruzi DNA and strain type via quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR). We used logistic regression to assess risk factors. RESULTS: One hundred ten (18.1%) of 608 dogs were seropositive for T. cruzi. Prevalence of exposure to the other vector‐borne agents was: Ehrlichia spp. 3.6%; Anaplasma spp. 6.9%; B. burgdorferi 0.2%; and D. immitis infection 16.0%. Six of 559 (1.1%) dogs were qPCR‐positive for T. cruzi. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: T. cruzi seroprevalence was comparable to D. immitis prevalence and higher than seroprevalence of the tick‐borne pathogens. T. cruzi is an underrecognized health threat to dogs across Texas and possibly other southern states where triatomine vectors are endemic.
Neuropathic symptoms, physical and emotional well-being, and quality of life at the end of life.

The purpose of this cross-sectional, descriptive study was to assess differences in neuropathic symptoms, physical and emotional well-being, and quality of life in cancer patients at the end of life compared to those without neuropathic symptoms. Neuropathic symptoms were defined as numbness and tingling in the hands and/or feet. A secondary analysis of data from two hospices in Central Florida was performed. Adults (n = 717) with a cancer diagnosis, an identified family caregiver, and who were receiving hospice services, were eligible. The prevalence of numbness/tingling in the hands or feet was 40% in this sample of hospice patients with cancer. Participants with neuropathic symptoms of numbness/tingling had a significantly higher prevalence of pain (76.7% vs. 67.0%; p = .006), difficulty with urination (29.4% vs. 20.3%; p = .007), shortness of breath (64.9% vs. 54.1%; p = .005), dizziness/lightheadedness (46.0% vs. 28.2%; p < .001), sweats (35.5% vs. 20.3%; p < .001), worrying (50.7% vs. 37.3%; p = .001), feeling irritable (38.5% vs. 28.7%; p = .008), feeling sad (48.2% vs. 37.8%; p = .008), and difficulty concentrating (46.2% vs. 32.5%; p < .001). They also reported significantly higher overall symptom intensity and symptom distress scores (p = < .001), higher pain severity (p = .001) and pain distress (p = .002), and decreased quality of life (p = .002) compared to those without numbness/tingling. Neuropathic symptoms are emotionally distressing at the end of life and associated with higher symptom burden and diminished quality of life.
Real-Time Synthesis Approach for Simultaneous Radar and Spatially Secure Communications from a Common Phased Array

Simultaneous single-aperture radar and communication is an inherently real-time application. Coexistence and spectrum sharing in unpredictable, dynamic 5G environments require the agility of a real-time solution. Physically securing information in communications against recovery by unintended receivers is also of interest. This work describes the computational basis of a real-time system for simultaneous radar and spatially secure communication. Uniform linear array excitation synthesis uses zero-forcing directional modulation and Barker code sequencing. System security and radar performance are simulated and discussed.
Intrapartum Group B Streptococcus Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Penicillin Allergic Pregnant Women.

Objectives To estimate the prevalence of and identify modifiable risk factors for alternative antibiotics for group B Streptococcus (GBS) prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic women. Methods Retrospective cohort study of pregnant women within a health care network from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2017. Included women were GBS colonized, delivered at ≥ 37 weeks' gestation, and reported penicillin/cephalosporin allergy. The primary outcome was the use of alternate antibiotics GBS prophylaxis, defined per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines as antibiotics other than penicillin, ampicillin, or cefazolin. Results We identified 190 GBS-colonized pregnant women self-reporting a penicillin/cephalosporin allergy; 5% reported anaphylaxis, 44% high-risk symptoms (isolated hives, shortness of breath, swelling, or vomiting), and 51% low-risk symptoms (isolated rash, itching, or nausea). Two-thirds (63%) had alternative antibiotic prophylaxis. In adjusted analyses, nonwhite race (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–4.94) and high-risk allergic reaction (aOR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.30–4.49) were associated with higher odds of alternative antibiotics prophylaxis compared with low-risk allergic reaction. Low-risk allergic reaction group was less likely to receive alternative antibiotic prophylaxis (aOR: 0.36; 95 CI%: 0.19–0.66). Conclusion Alternative antibiotic use for GBS prophylaxis is frequent with penicillin/cephalosporin allergies. Efforts to confirm allergy and perform penicillin hypersensitivity testing may increase compliance with guidelines for antibiotic administration.
Primary yolk sac tumour of the prostate mimicking small round blue cell tumour

Prostatic yolk sac tumour is a germ cell tumour with a wide range of age of occurrence, unusual anatomic locations, diverse morphologic patterns, and aggressive biologic behavior, posing challenges both to diagnosis and clinical management. We report a rare case of primary yolk sac tumour of the prostate with extensive local and liver metastasis, the latter of which exhibited sheets of small blue cells expressing CD99 and focal sall4 on biopsy. Positivity for CD99 and gata3 in the initial biopsy raised the differential diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The primary tumour demonstrated an admixture of solid and glandular growth patterns and occasional Schiller-Duval bodies. A panel of immunohistochemical stains showing positivity for AE1/3, sall4, cdx2, and focal alpha-fetoprotein, and negativity for oct-4, facilitated the diagnosis. A thorough review of the literature and our current report indicate that a large tumour load, incomplete tumour resection, limited response to preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and late stage of the disease are predictive factors for a poor clinical outcome.
Introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City area

ABSTRACT New York City (NYC) has emerged as one of the epicenters of the current SARS-CoV2 pandemic. To identify the early events underlying the rapid spread of the virus in the NYC metropolitan area, we sequenced the virus causing COVID19 in patients seeking care at the Mount Sinai Health System. Phylogenetic analysis of 84 distinct SARS-CoV2 genomes indicates multiple, independent but isolated introductions mainly from Europe and other parts of the United States. Moreover, we find evidence for community transmission of SARS-CoV2 as suggested by clusters of related viruses found in patients living in different neighborhoods of the city.
Transparent thermal insulation silica aerogels

Silica aerogels have received much attention due to their unique nanoporous networks, which consist of nanoscale connective silica particles and high-volume nanoscale pores. This lightweight superinsulation solid materials are synthesized by a ‘sol–gel’ process involving precursor preparation, gelation, aging and drying. By controlling their synthesis and processing, silica aerogels demonstrate good thermal and acoustic insulation, mechanical strength and optical transparency. In recent years, incorporating transparent and thermal insulation silica aerogels in energy-saving windows is of great interest for both scientific and technological applications. This review introduces the basic principles of thermal and optical properties of silica aerogels and highlights their tunability via synthetic and processing control. In addition, the use of silica aerogels in transparent thermal insulation windows is discussed.
Hyperhemolysis Syndrome in a Patient with Sickle Cell Disease: A Case Report.

Author(s): Kalter, Joshua A.; Ranju, Gupta; Greenberg, Marna Rayl; Miller, Andrew J.; Allen, Jamie | Abstract: Introduction: Hyperhemolysis syndrome (HHS) is a rare complication of repeat blood transfusions in sickle cell disease (SCD). This can occur acutely or have a delayed presentation and often goes unrecognized in the emergency department (ED) due to its rapid progression and similarity to acute chest syndrome and other common complications of SCD. Case Report: We present a case of a 20-year-old male with SCD who presented to the ED with pain and tenderness in his lower extremities one day after discharge for a crisis. Unbeknownst to the ED team, during his admission he had received a blood transfusion. On presentation he was noted to have hyperkalemia, hyperbilirubinemia, anemia, and uncontrolled pain, and was admitted for sickle cell pain crisis. Over the next 36 hours, his hemoglobin dropped precipitously from 8.9 grams per deciliter (g/dL) to 4.2 g/dL (reference range: 11.5-14.5 g/dL), reticulocyte count from 11.7 % to 3.8% (0.4-2.2%), and platelets from 318,000 per cubic centimeter (K/cm3) to 65 K/cm3 (140-350 K/cm3). He also developed a fever, hypoxia, transaminitis, a deteriorating mental status, and severe lactic acidosis. Hematology was consulted and he was treated with methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, two units of antigen-matched red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, and cryoprecipitate. He was transferred to an outside hospital for exchange transfusion and remained hospitalized for 26 days with acute liver failure, bone marrow necrosis, and a fever of unknown origin. Conclusion: Because of the untoward outcomes associated with delay in HHS diagnosis and the need for early initiation of steroids, it is important for emergency providers to screen patients with hemoglobinopathies for recent transfusion at ED presentation. Asking the simple question about when a patient’s last transfusion occurred can lead an emergency physician to include HHS in the differential and work-up of patients with sickle cell disease complications.
Accelerating approximate aggregation queries with expensive predicates

Researchers and industry analysts are increasingly interested in computing aggregation queries over large, unstructured datasets with selective predicates that are computed using expensive deep neu...
Epidemiological Study of Outpatients in Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Clinics - Tianjin Municipality, China, 2020.

What is already known on this topic? Rabies remains a serious public health problem in China. The only way to prevent the fatal disease was through timely and adequate post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). What is added by this report? Among all the 126,133 cases visited Tianjin PEP clinics during 2020, more than 90% of the patients were injured by domestic dogs or cats, and about 70% of the animals received vaccination. Most outpatients have knowledge of rabies and show high compatibility with PEP. What are the implications for public health practice? To better control rabies, we need to pay more attention to people who lack knowledge of rabies and help them gain awareness of PEP.
Synonymies and Notes on the Reichenbachia of Eastern North America (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae)

New synonymies of Reichenbachia Leach from eastern North America are presented: LeConte (= R. pattersoni Park). Male genitalia are figured for the species that have not been previously illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for R. subsimilis Casey, R. borealis Casey, B. complectens LeConte, R. furtiva Casey, B. gracilis Casey, and R. peregrinator Casey. The 33 species of Reichenbachia from eastern North America are listed with state and provincial records and are placed in the groups of Bowman, and R. rubricunda (Aube) is placed as incertae sedis.
A two-parameter “Bergman space” inequality

For f E L1 ([O, 1] X [0, 1]), define AR (f, h(R)), where h(R) (x, y) = h(I) (x) * h(j) (y) is a tensor product of one-parameter Haar functions. Let 1 2. We prove a sufficient condition, which is close to necessary, on double sequences of weights {AtR}R and non-negative v E L1([0, 1] x [0, 1]), which ensures that the inequality ( JA )q (|R If IP V dx) R [0,]x [0,1] holds for all f E L1([O, 1] x [0,1]). We extend our result to an inequality concerning two-parameter wavelet families. If I c [0, 1] is a dyadic interval, we may set [ III-1/2 if x C IL, h(I)(x) = III-1/2 if x C IR, 0O if x ? I, where IL and IR are respectively the left and right halves of I, and denotes Lebesgue measure. The function h(i) is the Haar function supported on I. It is well known (and easy to prove) that {h(I) }I is an orthonormal system in L2 ([0, 1]). If f c L1 [0, 1], we define the Haar coefficients A, of f by: AI = (f, h(I)) = j f (x) h(I) (x) dx. The numbers A, are "discrete" analogues of wavelet coefficients. They measure, very crudely, how much of the frequency jI-1 the function f has on the interval I. It is easy to see how a single Haar coefficient is controlled by the size of f, and in particular how it is affected by small perturbations in f. It is more difficult to see how a weighted average of a (possibly infinite) collection of AI's is so affected. To better understand this dependence, it is natural to consider weighted norm Received by the editors February 7, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 42B25, 42B30, 42C10.