cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reduction of carbon dioxide emissions through efficiency improvements in IGCC electrical power generation

Abstract The United States of America, Department of Energy (DOE) is cost sharing with industry a program in excess of $6 billion (US) for the demonstration of coal technologies to advance efficiency and improve environmental performance for the generation of power. Currently, the program consists of over forty (40) projects, demonstrating technologies developed in the USA, Japan, and Europe. These technologies could retrofit or repower existing facilities or be applied in the construction of “greenfield” plants. Using a pulverized coal fired power facility with a scrubber as a reference, the retrofit technologies being demonstrated provide high SO2/NOx removal potential, but offer little efficiency improvement over commercially proven technologies. On the same comparison bases, the integrated coal gasification technologies being demonstrated have the capability of improving the coal to bus bar efficiency as much as to twenty-five percent (25%), resulting in a corresponding reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.
Women’s preferences for specialists who provide cancer screening and general medical care

In order to determine what types of specialists women prefer for medical care, we examined responses from a cross-sectional survey of adult female patients in a health plan of the independent practice association model in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area (n=1,204). The response rate for the survey was 90%. The women expressing a preference (60% of responders) overwhelmingly preferred to see obstetrician-gynecologists for their breast examinations and Pap smears and strongly preferred family physicians or internists for the remainder of their cancer screening and general medical care. Thus, the majority of women expressed preferences for physicians of different specialties to provide their medical care.
Monetary convergence to the Euro

Abstract This special issue of Economic Systems includes seven papers about various aspects of monetary convergence to the Euro. It includes both policy discussion papers examining a wide range of issues and empirical studies evaluating specific areas of monetary convergence. From a policy strategy view, the selected papers examine the ways of combining the two key objectives of monetary convergence, i.e., price stability and exchange rate stability. In addition, the papers analyze the interplay between monetary policies and financial market stability. The findings provide new insights on monetary policy transmission channels, market equilibrium exchange rates, interest rates pass through effects, the importance of real relative to nominal convergence, and other intricacies encountered on the passage toward the Euro.
Binding the book of nature: microscopy as literature

From its ornamental and often bookish exterior to its use as an exegetical tool for understanding the Book of Nature, the 18th-century microscope was socialized as an instrument of letters as well as of science. This essay proposes a reading of the microscope as a literary artifact by examining its bindings, its texts and its illustrations. While the instrument promised to extend human sense perception and to give its user access to invisible worlds, it simultaneously threatened to alter received views concerning both aesthetics and social hierarchy. Nevertheless, the destabilizing effects of the microscopic message entered polite society cloaked in a veil of familiarity in the binding of a good book. The nostalgia-encrusted instrument absorbed the shock of the new.
The perception of biological motion across apertures

To understand the visual analysis of biological motion, subjects viewed dynamic, stick figure renditions of a walker, car, or scissors through apertures. As a result of the aperture problem, the motion of each visible edge was ambiguous. Subjects readily identified the human figure but were unable to identify the car or scissors through invisible apertures. Recognition was orientation specific and robust across a range of stimulus durations, and it benefited from limb orientation cues. The results support the theory that the visual system performs spatially global analyses to interpret biological motion displays.
Kinetics of Cytochrome c Folding Examined by Hydrogen Exchange and Mass Spectrometry

Pulsed hydrogen exchange/mass spectrometry, a new method for studying protein folding, has been used to investigate folding of cytochrome c on the 5 ms to 15 s time scale. Cytochrome c, unfolded in guanidine hydrochloride/D2O, was allowed to refold in a high-speed quenched-flow apparatus and pulse-labeled with protium to identify unfolded regions. Intact, labeled cytochrome c was digested into fragments which were analyzed by HPLC electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to determine the level of deuterium in each fragment. Bimodal distributions of deuterium were found for most segments, indicating that regions represented by these segments were either unfolded or completely folded in the intact polypeptide prior to labeling. This behavior is consistent with cooperative, localized folding which occurs in less than 10 ms in individual molecules. Deuterium levels found in the fragments were normalized to levels found in the same fragments derived from folded cytochrome c, pulse-labeled in the same manner, ...
A W-band photonic array

A four-element W-band linear array with photonic true-time delay beam steering is presented. The array demonstrates the necessary technology leading towards an integrated two-dimensional photonically steered array. Because the antenna elements are photonically fed, only the amplifiers and photodiodes need to be local to the aperture, with all other associated hardware remoted. Wideband operation is demonstrated, showing operation from 75-100 GHz, and beam steering from 84-100 GHz.
External Parasites of Dairy Cattle

Insects such as stable flies, house flies, horn flies, face flies, mosquitoes, horse flies, deer flies, cattle grubs, and lice as well as ticks and mites are the major external parasites of dairy animals in the United States. These pests cause obvious discomfort to livestock and economic effects of heavy populations usually are discerned easily. However, research efforts to date have failed to establish reproducible losses caused by specific ectoparasites. Research efforts involving a multidisciplinary systems approach are necessary to provide the data needed to develop total dairy management programs.
Repeat Aortic Root Replacement

Background. Aortic root replacement in patients who have undergone previous aortic root replacement presents a formidable technical challenge, which may lead to increased surgical mortality. Methods. We reviewed our experience from January 1989 through November 1995. Seven consecutive patients (6 men and 1 woman) underwent eight repeat aortic root replacements. Mean follow-up was 19 months. Previous root replacement had been performed with homograft in 1 patient, with a bioprosthetic valve composite graft in 1 patient, and with a mechanical valve composite graft in 6 patients. The techniques used at the previous procedures were the Cabrol technique (2 patients), Bentall technique (3 patients), and the coronary button technique (3 patients). Reoperation was indicated for pseudoaneurysm formation in 4 patients and for endocarditis in the others. Results. Aortic homografts were implanted in all patients with endocarditis and mechanical valve composite grafts were used in the others. In all reoperations, the coronary button technique was used. No procedures were done emergently. Concomitant procedures were performed in 2 patients, including mitral valve replacement and aortic arch aneurysm repair. One patient had recurrence of his endocarditis 36 months after operation because of continued intravenous drug use requiring a second successful homograft root replacement. There were no early deaths and one late death at 16 months after operation. Conclusions. Repeat aortic root replacement, even in the setting of endocarditis, can be done with low mortality.
Improving Latino, English language learners' reading fluency: The effects of small‐group and one‐on‐one intervention

Reading fluency is a critical yet commonly neglected component of early reading instruction. For the large percentage of English language learners (ELLs) who are struggling with or at risk for reading difficulties, there is insufficient research available to help educators implement timeefficient interventions with these students. Using an experimental design common in field-based research, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the differential effects of a one-on-one (1/1) and small-group (SG) reading fluency intervention, both implemented with Spanish-speaking ELLs. Using three forms of data-analytic strategies (visual analysis, standard error of measurement, and randomization tests), results showed that nearly all students benefitted from the 1/1 intervention, and two students clearly benefitted from the SG intervention. Standardized reading assessments also demonstrated the positive impact of students receiving the interventions. Implications of these findings are primarily discussed with respect to school-based practice. C � 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enabling multilingual information access to digital collections: an investigation of metadata records translation

We conducted a research project exploring machine translation performance on digital metadata records. This short paper reports the background, research purposes, research design, experiments, and evaluation results.
Cryopreservation of embryos of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

ABSTRACT Embryos of Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), the green blowfly, were successfully cryopreserved by vitrification in liquid nitrogen and stored for 8 yr. Embryos incubated at 19°C for 17 h after oviposition were found to be the most appropriate stage to cryopreserve. Removal of the embryonic surface water was done using 2-propanol before the alkane treatment to permeabilize the embryo. Exposure to 2-propanol for >10 s caused necrotic tissue damage in the embryos. Among the alkanes used, hexane was found to be a superior permeabilizing solvent compared with heptane or octane, with embryo hatching rates on par with the controls. Treatment with the vitrification solution for <12 min was insufficient to vitrify the embryos. Treatment time in the solution beyond 15 min reduced embryo viability. However, the percentage of embryos vitrifying upon exposure to liquid nitrogen vapor remained constant after 12 min of treatment. Long-term storage was initiated in 2004, and the me...
ATIC-ALK: A novel variant ALK gene fusion in anaplastic large cell lymphoma resulting from the recurrent cryptic chromosomal inversion, inv(2)(p23q35)

The subset of CD30-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) with the NPM-ALK gene fusion arising from the t(2;5)(p23;q35) forms a distinct clinical and prognostic entity. Recently, various cytogenetic, molecular, and protein studies have provided evidence for the existence of several types of variant ALK fusions in up to 20% of ALK+ ALCL, of which only one, a TPM3-ALK fusion resulting from a t(1;2)(q25;p23), has so far been cloned. A cryptic inv(2)(p23q35) has been described as another recurrent cytogenetic alteration involving ALK and an unidentified fusion partner in some ALCL. In a screen for variant ALK gene fusions, we identified two ALCL that were negative for NPM-ALK by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, but were positive for cytoplasmic ALK with both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to the ALK tyrosine kinase domain, consistent with ALK deregulation by an alteration other than the t(2;5) Case 1 was a T-lineage nodal and cutaneous ALCL in a 52-year-old woman, and Case 2 was a T-lineage nodal ALCL in a 12-year-old girl. FISH analysis confirmed ALK rearrangement in both cases. An inverse polymerase chain reaction approach was then used to identify the ALK translocation partner in Case 1. We found an in-frame fusion of ALK to ATIC, a gene previously mapped to 2q34-q35. We then confirmed by DNA polymerase chain reaction the localization of ATIC to yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) 914E7 previously reported to span the 2q35 break in the inv(2)(p23q35). FISH analysis in Case 1 confirmed rearrangement of YAC 914E7 and fusion to ALK. The ATIC-ALK fusion was confirmed in Case 1 and also identified in Case 2 by conventional reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using ATIC forward and ALK reverse primers. ATIC encodes an enzyme involved in purine biosynthesis which, like other fusion partners of ALK, is constitutively expressed and appears to contain a dimerization domain. ATIC-ALK fusion resulting from the inv(2)(p23q35) thus provides a third mechanism of ALK activation in ALK+ ALCL.
Concomitant Pulmonary Thromboembolism and Metallic Mercury Embolism: A Diagnostic Dilemma

The concomitant occurrence of mercury emboli and thromboemboli of the lung has not been previously reported. We describe the case of an intravenous drug abuser with chest pain and newly discovered mercury emboli in the lung who was found to have a thromboembolus in the right pulmonary artery. An echocardiogram showed metallic density in the right ventricle, which has not been demonstrated previously.
Classification of Finite Completions of a Class of Locally D 8 Amalgams, II

Let &#x1d49c; = (A 1, A 12, A 2) be a locally D 8 amalgam with a finite completion G. Suppose that A 1 ∈ Syl 2(G). We show that under these conditions |A 1| ≤25, or N A 1 (A 12) is Abelian. As applications of our results, we determine all the finite completions G, up to O(G), in the case where N A 1 (A 12) is non-Abelian.
Myths of digital technology in Africa : Leapfrogging development?

Many multi- and bilateral agencies have integrated the promotion of information and communication technologies in Africa into their programmes. Along with African NGOs, they strongly advocate the use of ICTs by government offices, private enterprises, schools and the public. In general, groups and actors involved in such efforts share a set of dispositions and worldviews which are highly ‘modernist’ and technocentrist and characterized by a propensity to view and act in favour of exogenous ‘technological’ solutions to development problems. One of the main characteristics of this rhetoric is that it accords no importance to existing social conditions, assuming that equipping people with computers will suffice to leapfrog them into the technological world of economic opportunities. This article critically reviews the main ideas presented by the proponents of this position in Africa and shows why there is a need for a more cautious approach to the question, without rejecting the promises of ICTs.
Cotton sector reform in Mali: explaining the puzzles*

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the cotton sector reform process in Mali from 2000 to 2011, explaining reform delays and ambiguities in terms of the wider political and socio-economic context and aid relationships. Contrary to arguments pointing to lack of state commitment and ownership, domestic stakeholders increasingly worked towards finding an acceptable and consensual reform package. The process encountered quite serious obstacles, however, due to divergent actors' incentives, and the existence of opposing philosophies about what a restructured cotton sector should look like. As a consequence of donors' misjudgement of the political and social realities underlying the Malian cotton sector, dialogue among stakeholders was difficult and polarised, forcing the government to spend considerable time and resources to find a suitable compromise. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the merits and limits of pursuing consensual policy processes against the constraints posed by divergent donors' policy paradigms.
Reappraisal of DL/V4 Boundaries Based on Connectivity Patterns of Dorsolateral Visual Cortex in Macaques

We placed injections of 3-5 distinguishable tracers in different dorsolateral locations in the visual cortex of four macaque monkeys to help define the extent of the dorsolateral visual complex (DL) commonly known as area V4. Injections well within DL/V4 region labeled neurons in V2, V3, MT, IT, and sometimes V1. In contrast, injections in caudal area 7a dorsal to current descriptions of DL/V4 produced a different pattern of labeled neurons largely involving posterior parietal and adjoining occipital cortex, as well as cortex of the medial wall. Injections placed in the dorsal prelunate cortex (DP), near the expected location of the dorsal border of DL/V4, labeled neurons in a third pattern, including regions of the posterior parietal and occipital cortex, inferior temporal (IT) cortex, and sometimes parts of dorsal area V2, DL/V4 complex and MT. Injections placed near or ventral to previous estimates of the ventral border of the rostral divisions of DL (DLr) and near the expected rostroventral border of V4 with TEO labeled cells in a pattern distinctively different from either central DL/V4 injections or those dorsal to DL/V4. Injections placed rostroventral to DL/V4 labeled neurons over a large extent of the IT cortex, while failing to label neurons in V1, V2 and MT. Injections that partially involved the rostroventral border of DL/V4 produced a similar pattern of labeled neurons, but also labeled a few cells in ventral V1 and V2, as well as many in DL/V4. Dorsal and rostroventral injections also labeled different regions of the prefrontal cortex, but only DL/V4 injections that included area DP labeled neurons in the prefrontal cortex. The results revealed contrasting and transitional connection patterns for four regions of the dorsolateral visual cortex, and they provided evidence for the locations of dorsal and rostroventral borders of the DL/V4 complex.
596: Determinants of invasion in human trophoblast cells

DRENNAN, ADRIAN PLATTS, AMELIA LINNEMAN, GRAHAM JOHNSON, STEPHEN KRAWETZ, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, Wayne State University, Obstetrics and Gynecology & Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Detroit, Michigan, Wayne State University, Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Detroit, Michigan, Wayne State University, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Detroit, Michigan OBJECTIVE: Abnormal trophoblast invasion is responsible for many clinically important obstetric diseases ranging from preeclampsia to placenta accreta. Establishing a laboratory model for invasion will be invaluable to the further characterization of this process. To date, one of the most commonly used models has been HTR-8/SV-neo (HTR) cells, a transformed human cytotrophoblast cell line previously shown to display a non-invasive phenotype when grown on fibronectin coated plates and an invasive phenotype when grown on Matrigel. The objective of this study is to establish a model for trophoblast invasion by evaluation of the transcriptome produced under invasive and non-invasive conditions. STUDY DESIGN: HTR cells were grown on either fibronectin (HTRF) or Matrigel (HTRM). The RNA was extracted, amplified, and then hybridized to Illumina Human Refseq8 v2 microarrays. A greater than 2 fold difference in expression between replicate groups after cubic spline normalization and elimination of transcripts with a low level of expression was considered significant. The results were analyzed with a range of standard bioinformatic tools including the NIH DAVID suite for ontology pathway and functional analysis, and Pubmed/Genomatix BiblioSphere TM for bibliographic analysis. RESULTS: HTR cells grown under the two conditions demonstrated highly correlated transcriptomes (r2 0.98). Removal of genes with low expression levels left only 19 transcripts with significantly different expression profiles. Analysis of these results revealed differences which corresponded to proteins previously unreported with respect to trophoblast invasion. CONCLUSION: At the transcriptome level differences between cells grown in HTRF and HTRM media were remarkably low. Nonetheless a small set of novel genes potentially involved in invasion was indicated. This result suggests that splicing variation, translational or post-translational modifications may play a role in the development of an invasive phenotype in human trophoblasts. Further analysis of this model by proteomic approaches is suggested.
Evaluation of biocides for treatment of polyvinyl chloride film

The results of a study to determine the biological stability of clear, colorless, biocide-treated PVC film are presented. With the exception of a resistant control, all the PVC film samples tested contained a plasticizer susceptible to biological deterioration. Biocide-treated and control PVC film samples were subjected to biological attack in soil burial. Portions of each sample were exposed to leaching and to weathering in a weatherometer followed by soil burial to test the stability of each biocide to loss by water and weathering exposure. Of the 32 biocide preparations tested only 2, N-(trichloromethylthio) phthalimide and copper 8-quinolinolate, a known effective reference compound, were found to provide good protection for treated film in direct soil burial and in soil burial following leaching and weatherometer exposure. Natural weathering outdoors confirmed the results found with weatherometer exposed samples. The N-(trichloromethylthio) phthalimide was less effective than the reference compound in suppressing surface growth. In addition, N-(trichloromethylthio) phthalimide may not be compatible with all PVC formulations.
Financial Risk Management in e-commerce Using Executable Business Process Modeling Notation

In e-commerce systems like online auction houses or online stores, there are financial transactions involving buyers and sellers. At large payment processing firms, there is significant risk of fraud upto 0.9 %. This fraud can be prevented before the actual transaction phase through risk scoring models. In the post transactions phase, measures like withholding or reserving funds of the seller, or asking for additional supporting material from the seller to release the funds can be done. There are numerous variations based on different geographies or different seller classes or different holding mechanisms of these measures. It was found that the software being developed for a payment system was combining both infrastructural software database, queue, logs as well the actual risk business process.i¾źSubsequently, prototypes were created for different risk measures in the post transaction phase using executable BPMN2 using Activiti engine. For example, a certain amount of money may be withheld from the seller for a configurable time period which can be edited in the graphical BPMN2. In this paper, we discuss the numerous types of transactions, the numerous measures for financial risk and how BPMN2, can be used to model the same and at the same time form a performant executable component reducing development time. It is also possible that such models can be standardized and exchanged in the industry.
Precision Alignment Packaging for Microsystems With Multiple Fluid Connections

The application of microfluidic Microsystems to solve real world problems depends on effective packaging techniques. In this paper, we report on packaging methods that allow the connection of multiple fluid lines to a microfluidic chip. Eight different fluid connections are made in a 5 mm square area (100 connections possible) using a flip chip aligner/bonder with precise alignment on the order of 10 microns between holes (1 micron precision possible). The critical fluid connections are made using 0.002 inch thick double sided adhesive tape and are shown to hold greater than 20 atm of pressure without leaking. The packaging flow manifold and assembly methods are suitable for inexpensive mass production and are compatible with existing electronics packaging technologies.
Concentration gradient electrophoresis of plasma from patients with hyperbetalipoproteinemia

A modification of the Pratt and Dangerfield tech- nique of acrylamide gel concentration gradient electrophoresis has been used to study low density lipoproteins from fasting human beings. Prestained plasma from normal subjects and from patients with Fredrickson's type I1 hyperbetalipopro- teinemia was electrophoresed in continuous gradient gel columns (approximately 3.5-8%). Reproducible low density lipoprotein patterns were obtained, and two major bands of low density lipoproteins as well as trace amounts of two to five other low density lipoproteins were seen in normal plasma. Plasmas from patients with hyperbetalipoproteinemia were more heterogeneous. Abnormal plasmas showed as many as six major low density lipoprotein bands and six minor bands. Patterns were constant for an individual but varied between patients. The major bands frequently had obviously different mobilities from those in normal plasma. Extensive experi- ments, using a large number and variety of mixed plasmas (normal, type 11, and others) or plasmas run separately in divided gel columns, led to a numbering system of the low density lipoproteins comprised of 15 discrete bands. In addi- tion to the changes seen in the low density lipoproteins in patients with hyperbetalipoproteinemia, reduced amounts of high density lipoproteins were consistently found.
A call for collaboration: the evolving heart failure apprenticeship network.

“If everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” —Henry Ford [(1)][1] The landscape of research in cardiovascular medicine has changed dramatically from the days of lone scientists working in secluded ivory towers. Effective clinical research today thrives on
Seascape-level variation in turbulence- and wave-generated hydrodynamic signals experienced by plankton

Abstract Plankton exhibit diverse and dramatic responses to fluid motions, and these behaviors are likely critical for survival and fitness. Fluid motions can be generated by organisms or by physical processes, including turbulence and surface gravity waves. Physical processes vary geographically in their intensity and generate hydrodynamic signals experienced by plankton as fluid forces on their sensory receptors. In this synthesis, we review how turbulence and waves vary in space, the scales and statistics of their motions, and the forces exerted on plankton. We then quantify the hydrodynamic signals produced by turbulence and waves in four seascape types – surf zones, inlets and estuaries, the continental shelf, and the open ocean – using published dissipation rates, wind and wave data from buoys, and observations from two coastal sites in Massachusetts, USA. We relate these geographic patterns in signals to the observed behaviors of example species and to the forces sensed by typical plankters with different receptor types. Turbulence-generated shears are largest in the surf zone, inlets and estuaries, while wave-generated accelerations are larger offshore; as a result, each seascape exhibits some range of combined shears and accelerations that is distinct. These signals generate forces on plankton that vary among habitats and with plankton size and swimming speed. Spatial patterns in fluid forces create a potential mechanism for dispersing larvae to distinguish habitats by their hydrodynamic signatures. However, turbulence can be strong in all seascapes and may cause widespread interference in signaling among predators and prey. Plankton with a single receptor type could identify nearshore habitats, while those with multiple receptor types potentially could distinguish inshore vs. offshore seascapes or decode signals produced by physical processes and by other organisms.
Connecting Young Children with the Natural World: Past, Present and Future Landscapes

Although contemporary practices in early childhood education may be focusing attention away from children’s connections with the natural world, a number of lessons can be derived historically from early childhood experiences with nature and science. This chapter explores the rich inclusion of authentic nature experiences in programs for young children and also presents contemporary research surrounding practices that continue to connect young children to the local environment. In this chapter we highlight a growing body of research that offers different perspectives and contexts through which to consider the transformative power of nature in the lives of young children. By examining practices such as gardening, citizen science, place-based science, forest schools, adventure playgrounds, and mindfulness, we propose innovative and interdisciplinary explorations that will foster opportunities for young children to develop a respect and care for all life and its diversity. We conclude with a reflection on how opportunities for young children to experience nature in their early years can contribute to the development of the kind of mindfulness and hybrid thinking that continues into their adult lives.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia impairs L-type amino acid transporter-1 expression in human and baboon lung.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an inflammatory lung disorder common in premature infants who undergo mechanical ventilation with supplemental oxygen. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) has been used to prevent experimental and clinical BPD. Earlier studies showed that NO effects in alveolar epithelial cells (AEC) are mediated by S-nitrosothiol uptake via L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1). Because LAT1 expression could influence the efficacy of iNO therapy, we sought to determine whether pulmonary LAT1 expression is altered in preterm baboons with experimental BPD and in human newborns susceptible to developing BPD. Using fixed lung obtained from 125 d to 140 d gestation baboon models of BPD, LAT1 immunostaining was measured in control and BPD animals. In adult controls and in 140 d gestational controls (GC), LAT1 was expressed in both type I and type II AECs. In 140 d BPD lungs, LAT1 expression density in alveolar tissue was decreased. In 125 d GC baboons, LAT1 immunostaining was largely confined to cuboidal AECs, whereas animals given 14 d of mechanical ventilation exhibited diminished alveolar septal LAT1 Labeling. The pattern in adult human donor lung was comparable to that observed in adult baboons. LAT1 was expressed in lungs obtained from some but not all very premature newborns at autopsy. In human and baboon lung, adult and newborn, pulmonary vascular cells expressed LAT1. In summary, LAT1 is expressed in AECs and pulmonary vascular cells in baboons and humans. Experimental BPD in premature baboons decreases pulmonary LAT1 expression and alters its spatial localization. Heterogeneity of functional LAT1 could affect S-nitrosothiol importation, which could impair iNO therapy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1048-1056. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On an Extension of the Theorem of Hausdorff-Young

(1973). On an Extension of the Theorem of Hausdorff-Young. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 80, No. 6, pp. 667-669.
Abstract A28: Apoptosis induction with the MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and BH3 mimetic ABT-737 in melanoma.

Over sixty percent of patients with melanoma have the activating B-RAFV600E mutation leading to increased activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The downstream effects of MAPK pathway activation are increased proliferation, invasiveness, and survival through the regulation of down-stream targets such as the pro-apoptotic protein BIM. Prior studies have shown that inhibiting MAPK kinase (MEK), downstream of constitutively active B-RAF, can up-regulate BIM, leading to increased apoptosis in melanoma cell lines. However, single agent MEK inhibition has had limited effectiveness in the clinical setting for late-stage melanoma patients, likely due to an inadequate induction of apoptosis. We hypothesized that combining the clinically relevant MEK inhibitor, AZD6244 (ARRY142886) with a BCL-2 inhibitor, ABT-737, would lead to increased apoptosis over single agent therapies in melanoma cells via BIM activation and pan-BCL-2 inhibition. We compared single treatments of AZD6244 and ABT737 to the combination of these agents in a panel of melanoma tumor cell lines chosen by mutational status in both a monolayer system and an anchorage independent system. The combination of AZD6244 and ABT-737 had a synergistic effect on decreasing cell viability and increasing apoptosis compared to single agent treatments regardless of B-RAF mutational status. Western blotting revealed dramatic increases in cleaved caspase 3 and PARP with combinational treatment compared to single agent therapy. These early pre-clinical experiments indicate that AZD6244 combined with ABT-737 may be an effective combination therapy for patients with late-stage melanoma. Currently, we have plans to conduct in vivo studies to translate these results into the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2011 Nov 12-16; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2011;10(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A28.
Age at Primary Malignancy Determines Survival in Adolescent and Young Adults That Develop a Secondary Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: Second malignancy status is a risk factor for death in adolescent and young adults (AYAs) (ages 15–39) with thyroid cancer (TC). This study investigates whether age at primary malignancy (PM) is an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) for AYA patients diagnosed with secondary TC who have survived ≥5 years from their PM. Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program (SEER) multiple-primary session (SEER-9 [1973–2010] and SEER-13 [1992–2010]) identified all secondary TCs in patients <40 years of age who were also 5-year survivors. Patients with a thyroid second malignant neoplasm (SMN) diagnosed as an AYA were categorized by age at PM (pediatric <15 years vs. AYA). Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional analysis determined OS. Results: Four hundred twenty-eight cases of secondary AYA TCs in 5-year cancer survivors were identified; 71 had a pediatric PM and 357 an AYA PM. Median OS after a pediatric PM was 35.76 years and 33.22 years after an AYA-PM (p = 0.023); only one death was...
Working-class women in academic spaces: finding our muchness

In the Burton, T., dir. [2010. Alice in Wonderland (Film). Burbank: Walt Disney Pictures] cinematographic reimagining of Alice in Wonderland, there is a moment when the Mad Hatter looks sincerely at Alice and tells her that inside her, something is missing – that she used to be much more muchier – that she has somehow lost her muchness. Seeing middle-class upward mobility within academia as a precarious space in which I must negotiate my own muchness, I explore and theorise the phenomenon of muchness through an autoethnographic lens that focuses on events in my and my mother's lives and analyse these events through theories of new materialism.
When Dissident Citizens Are Militant Mamas: Intersectional Gender and Agonistic Struggle in Welfare Rights Activism

In this article, I argue that contemporary theories of agonistic democracy offer provocative insights into democratic activism and protest but require a more robust account of intersectional gender to adequately theorize the challenges of disruptive dissent. To this end, I propose an agonistic and feminist account of “dissident citizenship,” the democratic practices of disruption used to problematize and disturb the status quo when formal channels of democratic change are inadequate. My account foregrounds how intersectional gender formations pervade dissident practices, including activists’ ongoing struggles with their critics over their democratic standing and performances of disruption. I illustrate these theoretical claims through a case study of dissident citizenship drawn from U.S. politics, the welfare rights movement of 1966–75. Intersectional gender formations assisted welfare activists in claiming democratic standing as loving, hardworking mothers and in becoming bold dissidents. It was nonetheless exceedingly difficult for the poor, usually minority “militant mamas” to remain intelligible as full citizens when critics rejected their claims as the greediness of “breeders” and “cheaters” and dismissed their democratic disruptions as offensive, violence-causing disorders. Attending to intersectional gender dynamics highlights critical dimensions of democratic contestation that agonistic theories must address more carefully.
The histopathologic classification of cutaneous lymphomas.

A review of the classification of cutaneous lymphomas is made from historic descriptions to the current working formulation for clinical usage. Histologic features including cytomorphology, epidermotropism, and immunologic phenotype are discussed relative to the clinical course of these lymphoid neoplasms.
Complexities of follicle deviation during selection of a dominant follicle in Bos taurus heifers

Follicle deviation during a follicular wave is a continuation in growth rate of the dominant follicle (F1) and decreased growth rate of the largest subordinate follicle (F2). The reliability of using an F1 of 8.5 mm to represent the beginning of expected deviation for experimental purposes during waves 1 and 2 (n = 26 per wave) was studied daily in heifers. Each wave was subgrouped as follows: standard subgroup (F1 larger than F2 for 2 days preceding deviation and F2 > 7.0 mm on the day of deviation), undersized subgroup (F2 did not attain 7.0 mm by the day of deviation), and switched subgroup (F2 larger than F1 at least once on the 2 days before or on the day of deviation). For each wave, mean differences in diameter between F1 and F2 changed abruptly at expected deviation in the standard subgroup but began 1 day before expected deviation in the undersized and switched subgroups. Concentrations of FSH in the wave-stimulating FSH surge and an increase in LH centered on expected deviation did not differ among subgroups. Results for each wave indicated that (1) expected deviation (F1, 8.5 mm) was a reliable representation of actual deviation in the standard subgroup but not in the undersized and switched subgroups; (2) concentrations of the gonadotropins normalized to expected deviation were similar among the three subgroups, indicating that the day of deviation was related to diameter of F1 and not F2; and (3) defining an expected day of deviation for experimental use should consider both diameter of F1 and the characteristics of deviation.
Bulk and nanoscale polypeptide based polyelectrolyte complexes

Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed using polypeptides have great potential for developing new self-assembled materials, in particular for the development of drug and gene delivery vehicles. This review discusses the latest advancements in PECs formed using polypeptides as the polyanion and/or the polycation in both polyelectrolyte complexes that form bulk materials and block copolymer complexes that form nanoscale assemblies such as PEC micelles and other self-assembled structures. We highlight the importance of secondary structure formation between homogeneous polypeptide complexes, which, unlike PECs formed using other polymers, introduces additional intermolecular interactions in the form of hydrogen bonding, which may influence precipitation over coacervation. However, we still include heterogeneous complexes consisting of polypeptides and other polymers such as nucleic acids, sugars, and other synthetic polyelectrolytes. Special attention is given to complexes formed using nucleic acids as polyanions and polypeptides as polycations and their potential for delivery applications.
New Orleans Rhythm and Blues in Contemporary Perspective

When I asked my respondents to tell me what they would call the music that they played, many of them were reluctant to categorize it. Similarly a number of them balked at my question about the distinctive characteristics of New Orleans rhythm and blues. In either instance, they would explain that they simply did not think in such terms. They saw little point in putting labels on an ineffable thing such as music and, to the extent that they might want to engage in categorization, notions of “feel” or “groove” were quite sufficient. To these (initially) reluctant respondents, my only retort was that theirs was the luxury of a musician: their job is to make music. I, on the other hand, was attempting to write about it. Could I get away with telling a reader that New Orleans R&B involves a certain “feel” or “groove” and leave it at that? I would then point out the obvious: “That’s why I am asking for your help”. Invariably, this plea would be met with sympathetic understanding, and once-reluctant respondents would open up every bit as much as those who had addressed these questions straightaway when first they were put to them.
Models, Models and More Models

This chapter investigates the main approaches used to analyze competition for investment through investment incentives. We begin with general approaches to assessing the use of incentives, including Prisoners’ Dilemma, models in the Tiebout (1956) tradition, incentives as necessary to generate spillovers and the global vs. local efficiency matrix. Next, we move to a consideration of game theoretic models more complex than Prisoners’ Dilemma, either relaxing its assumptions or using a more general ‘subsidy game’. After that, the spotlight turns to statistical analyses of the effects of tax and incentives on investment. Finally, we survey significant case studies from both developed and developing countries.
A 10GHz CMOS RX frontend with spatial cancellation of co-channel interferers for MIMO/digital beamforming arrays

An architecture for low-noise spatial cancellation of co-channel interferer (CCI) at RF in a digital beamforming (DBF)/MIMO receiver (RX) array is presented. The proposed RF cancellation can attenuate CCI prior to the ADC in a DBF/MIMO RX array while preserving a field-of-view (FoV) in each array element, enabling subsequent DSP for multi-beamforming. A novel hybrid-coupler/polyphase-filter based input coupling scheme that simplifies spatial selection of CCI and enables low-noise cancellation is described. A 4-element 10GHz prototype is implemented in 65nm CMOS that achieves >20dB spatial cancellation of CCI while adding <1.5dB output noise.
Imaging correlates of a pediatric case with 3 kidneys

1261 Objectives (1) To provide background information about supernumerary kidneys, a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital system consisting of 蠅 3 kidneys [1,2]. (2) To describe a pediatric case of supernumerary kidneys with imaging correlates including nuclear medicine renogram, renal ultrasound, and abdominal/pelvic CT [3,4,5,6]. Methods Medical record and PACS system review of a pediatric case with emphasis on image description of supernumerary kidneys through various modalities including nuclear medicine, ultrasound, and CT. Results Nuclear medicine renogram shows one pelvic and two orthotopic kidneys. Both orthotopic kidneys demonstrate decreased perfusion and function. Right kidney shows physiologic stasis post furosemide administration. Left kidney shows dilated renal pelvis without excretion, suggesting obstruction. Midline pelvic kidney demonstrates normal function and excretion(Image 1). Renal ultrasound shows 3 kidneys. Right and left orthotopic kidneys are small in size for age. Right kidney grossly unremarkable. Left kidney shows severe hydronephrosis (Image 2). Midline pelvic kidney demonstrates duplicated collecting system without hydronephrosis. Abdomen/pelvic CT shows 3 discrete kidneys (Image 3). Right kidney is small. Left kidney has a high-grade UPJ obstruction (Image 4). Pelvic kidney is midline with duplicated collecting system (Image 5). Contrast extends from the orthotopic left ureter toward the left pelvic kidney collecting system. No left-sided ureter seen entering the bladder on delayed imaging. Retrocaval right ureter from the orthotopic right kidney extends toward and becomes confluent with the right ectopic pelvic kidney collecting system. A right ureter extends from the ectopic pelvic kidney toward the right lateral aspect of the bladder. Conclusions Supernumerary kidneys are often accompanied by other urinary tract anomalies with resultant pathologies such as hydronephrosis, as in our case. Management depends on symptoms, function, and anatomy of the renal moieties [7]. Urology intervention was performed in this case to help preserve the left renal function. RESEARCH SUPPORT:
P162 Unexpected positive flow crossmatch with a deceased donor organ: Timing of autologous flow crossmatch?

We describe two recipients of deceased donor organs who had a positive flow crossmatch despite being negative for donor specific antibodies (DSA), as determined by single antigen beads (SAB; LabScreen, One Lambda). The first patient, a 56 year old male, was offered a kidney from a deceased donor. The positive allogeneic flow crossmatch results are shown in Table 1. Interestingly, a recent SAB was negative for DSA. To facilitate clinical interpretation, an autologous flow crossmatch was immediately performed, which demonstrated significant auto-reactivity. Therefore, the positive allogeneic flow crossmatch was interpreted as most likely due to auto-reactive antibodies and the medical decision was to proceed with transplantation. The second patient, a 60 year old female, was offered a kidney from a deceased donor. The positive allogeneic flow crossmatch results are shown in Table 1. A recent SAB was negative for any antibodies greater than mean fluorescence intensity of 300. An autologous flow crossmatch was immediately performed, which demonstrated significant, although somewhat attenuated, auto-reactivity. Concerned that auto-antibodies didn’t explain all the reactivity seen, an additional two random donors were flow crossmatched using this recipient’s serum and identified similar B-cell reactivity. Ultimately the medical decision was to proceed with transplantation. In conclusion, an autologous flow crossmatch is our first step to evaluate an unexpected positive allogeneic flow crossmatch. As illustrated in our second patient, the results of the autologous flow crossmatch may require further testing to fully explain results and make the best possible transplant decision. We have modified our protocol to perform an upfront autologous flow crossmatch for potential recipients of deceased donor organs. This practice change has decreased turn-around-time and improved communication with surgical colleagues. Download : Download high-res image (38KB) Download : Download full-size image