cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rapid resolution of first episodes of mania : sleep related ?

Background While sleep deprivation has been observed to precipitate mania, the relationship between sleep and resolution of mania is less well understood. We observed a rapid reversal of manic symptoms in several patients hospitalized for mania who slept many hours on Night 1 of hospitalization. We therefore undertook to study this relationship more systematically. Method Charts for all patients admitted with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, manic within a 2-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were assigned to a group called "rapid responders" if improvement in symptoms, as described in progress notes, was moderate by Day 2 of hospitalization. Patients were "nonrapid responders" if improvement in symptoms was minimal or mild by Day 2. Sleep records, medications, and demographic data were obtained by researchers blind to the patients' response status on Day 2 of hospitalization. Results Compared with the 27 patients who did not have a rapid response, the 7 rapid responders were significantly more likely to (1) be in a first manic episode, (2) have a stressor associated with the onset of mania, (3) sleep more hours the first night of hospitalization, and (4) spend fewer days in the hospital. Conclusion The possibility is raised that sleep restoration might induce a rapid antimanic response in patients experiencing their first episode of mania. The clinical implications of a rapid reversal of mania--including a reduction in number of hospital days--are discussed.
Das Modul DOS

Dieses Modul stellt verschiedene Betriebssystem-Routinen zur Verfugung (Interrupt-Vektoren verandern, Datei-Handhabung, Abfrage von System-Zeit und -Datum ...).
Hydrolysis of Electrolyte Cations Enhances the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 over Ag and Cu

Electrolyte cation size is known to influence the electrochemical reduction of CO2 over metals; however, a satisfactory explanation for this phenomenon has not been developed. We report here that these effects can be attributed to a previously unrecognized consequence of cation hydrolysis occurring in the vicinity of the cathode. With increasing cation size, the pKa for cation hydrolysis decreases and is sufficiently low for hydrated K+, Rb+, and Cs+ to serve as buffering agents. Buffering lowers the pH near the cathode, leading to an increase in the local concentration of dissolved CO2. The consequences of these changes are an increase in cathode activity, a decrease in Faradaic efficiencies for H2 and CH4, and an increase in Faradaic efficiencies for CO, C2H4, and C2H5OH, in full agreement with experimental observations for CO2 reduction over Ag and Cu.
Designing Social Protection Programs: Using Theory and Experimentation to Understand How to Help Combat Poverty

Abstract “Antipoverty” programs come in many varieties, ranging from multifaceted, complex programs to more simple cash transfers. Articulating and understanding the root problem motivating government and nongovernmental organization intervention are critical for choosing among many antipoverty policies or combinations thereof. Policies should differ depending on whether the underlying problem is about uninsured shocks, liquidity constraints, information failures, or some combination of all of the above. Experimental designs and thoughtful data collection can help diagnose the root problems better, thus providing better predictions for what antipoverty programs to employ in specific conditions and contexts. However, the more complex theories are likewise more challenging to test, requiring larger samples, and often more nuanced experimental designs, as well as detailed data on many aspects of household and community behavior and outcomes. We provide guidance on these design and testing issues for social protection programs, from how to target programs, to who should implement the program, and to whether and what conditions to require for program participation. In short, careful experimentation-designed testing can help provide a stronger conceptual understanding of why programs do or not work, thereby allowing one to ultimately make stronger policy prescriptions that further the goal of poverty reduction.
The Effects of Specialization and Sex on Anterior Y-Balance Performance in High School Athletes.

Background:Sport specialization and movement asymmetry have been separately discussed as potential risk factors for lower extremity injury. Early specialization may lead to the development of movem...
Semitic Loan Words in the Gospel of John: Elements of Antilanguage or Points of Contact?

This article analyzes sociolinguistic as pects of three Semitic words used in the Gospel of John. Since all these words had wellestablished Hellenistic equivalents in the time of John's writing, their use may be interpreted as a deliberate attempt to establish additional points of contact with nonbelieving Jewish readers. In that case, the use of the convergent forms [~abbi,], [Messi,aj], and [~Wsanna,] in the Fourth Gos pel does not support the hypothesis of “antilanguage” in John and makes one reconsider the results of the research based on that concept.
Vaginal Urinary Calculi Formation Secondary to Vaginal Mesh Exposure with Urinary Incontinence.

Background. Vaginal stones may form in the setting of mesh exposure with urinary incontinence. This report serves to help understand the presentation, evaluation, and management of vaginal urinary stones. Case. A 68-year-old female presented with a vaginal calculus. She had a history of anterior and posterior polypropylene mesh placement for prolapse 7 years earlier and urinary incontinence. The stone was identified on a portion of exposed mesh and removed in office. Pathology confirmed urinary etiology. The exposed mesh resolved with topical estrogen. Cystourethroscopy excluded urinary fistula and bladder mesh erosion. Conclusions. When identified, a vaginal calculus should be removed and evaluated for composition. Cystourethroscopy should be performed to assess potential urinary tract fistulas and mesh erosion. Additional imaging should be considered.
Resident Choice: A Nursing Home Staff Perspective on Tensions and Resolutions.

Abstract A central component of person-centered care, resident choice in daily life, has received little research attention in the U.S. context. This study investigated nursing home staff experiences in realizing resident choice. Twenty-six qualitative staff interviews were conducted in an opportunistic sample from two Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Community Living Centers (CLCs, i.e., nursing homes) implementing the Green House Model. Thematic content analysis surfaced several key tensions at the intra-personal, inter-personal, and organizational levels. Most salient were staff mental models within the intra-personal level. Staff conveyed a lack of clarity on how to realize resident choice when faced with varying tensions, especially the competing goal of resident medical and safety needs. Staff-employed resolutions to resident choice-related tensions also emerged (e.g., preventive practices, staff reinforcement, and staff deliberation). This study offers specific and concrete insights on how resident choice in daily life, and thus resident quality of life, can be advanced.
Minimizing occupational exposure to pesticides: techniques for establishing safe levels of foliar residues.

Field workers hand harvesting, stripping, thinning, disbudding, pruning, and pinching crops come into contact with toxic organophosphate residues on foliage. These residues inhibit Cholinesterase activity, causing dizziness, pinpoint pupils, nausea, headache, and other symptoms which, if severe enough, lead to hospitalization and/or loss of work. To reduce these hazards, the California Department of Agriculture in 1971 established reentry intervals for 16 organophosphate1 insecticides. This list has been expanded over the last eight years to include 21 organophosphate insecticides used on vine and tree fruits as indicated in Table I.
Weibo and the making of Chinese networked publics: Witness, debates and expertise:

Through the analysis of the online discourses about Weibo in the past and present, this article examines how the platform has taken part in the shaping of Chinese networked publics and public parti...
Office Practice Risk Management

Risk management can be viewed as preventative, and medical malpractice can be viewed as compensatory once an adverse event has occurred. Unfortunately, risk management has come to mean an attempt to avoid medical malpractice lawsuits. That is an unrealistic goal on its face and misses the real value of risk management. Risk management and medical malpractice center on undesired outcomes in the delivery of healthcare. Some undesired outcomes occur by the very nature of chance and illness, which make them unavoidable. Other undesired outcomes result from preventable causes. Risk management focuses on limiting the occurrence of preventable undesired outcomes. Medical malpractice, while ostensibly existing to compensate monetarily for negligent outcomes, acts as a means of attempting to derive compensation for both avoidable and unavoidable undesired outcomes. A more equitable system could be achieved if there was a means of compensating injured parties where the injury was from unavoidable undesired outcomes and medical malpractice was reserved for those situations where true negligence exists. That seems highly unlike to occur anytime soon, if ever, so today’s physician must deal with the system as it exists today.
Explanatory Style as a Mediator Between Childhood Emotional Abuse and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

For this study the researchers recruited a random sample of college men and women (N = 390) and examined whether a pessimistic explanatory style mediated the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and frequency of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in the past year. The study found that pessimistic explanatory style was positively associated with NSSI and that pessimistic style functioned as a partial mediator of the childhood emotional abuse-NSSI relation. Clinical implications for mental health counselors are discussed.
A Comparison of Options, Restricted Stock, and Cash for Employee Compensation

Using a detailed data set of employee stock option grants, we compare observed stock-option-based pay plans to hypothetical cash-only or restricted-stock-based plans. We make a variety of assumptions regarding the possible benefits of options relative to cash or stock, and then use observed option grants to make inferences regarding firms' decisions to issue options to lower-level employees. If the favorable accounting treatment is the sole reason underlying firms' choices of options over cash-only compensation, then we estimate that the median firm in our data set incurs $0.64 in real costs in order to increase reported pre-tax income by $1. This figure is several times larger than the willingness-to-pay for earnings reported by Erickson, Hanlon and Maydew (2002), who study firms that (allegedly) commit fraud in order to boost earnings. If, on the other hand, firms' option-granting decisions are driven by economic-profit maximization, then observed stock option grants are most consistent with explanations involving attraction and retention of employees.
Political Scientists in Polite Company: Talking Politics with Family Members

AbstractAlthough we may not always know how best to approach sensitive issues in the classroom, our responsibilities to our students are fairly straightforward. By enrolling in our classes, student...
The influences of temperature, humidity, and O2 on electrical properties of graphene FETs

Abstract The influences of temperature, humidity, and O2 to the gas sensing characteristics of graphene field effect transistors (FETs) have been studied as these environmental factors are often encountered in practical gas sensing applications. Both empirical results and theoretical analyses are characterized for heated graphene FET gas sensors from room temperature to 100 °C under a wide range of applied gate voltages. It is found that at a constant applied gate voltage of −20 V with respect to the gate voltage at the neutrality point, the sensitivity of the device to humidity decreases; while the sensitivity to O2 decreases first, and increases afterwards as the operation temperature increases. These phenomena are explained by using the physisorption and chemisorption models between gases and the graphene surface. Furthermore, devices operate in the hole regime (the majority carrier is hole in the prototype devices) result in lower sensitivity to humidity and O2 as compared to those results of gas sensors operating in the electron regime due to the p-type doping effects of moisture and O2. As such, this work provides good foundations for graphene-based FET gas sensors in practical application environments under the influences of ambient air, temperature, and humidity.
Model-based pain and function outcome trajectory types for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty: a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial

Summary Objective Knee arthroplasty (KA) is an effective surgical procedure. However, clinical studies suggest that a considerable number of patients continue to experience substantial pain and functional loss following surgical recovery. We aimed to estimate pain and function outcome trajectory types for persons undergoing KA, and to determine the relationship between pain and function trajectory types, and pre-surgery predictors of trajectory types. Design Participants were 384 patients who took part in the KA Skills Training randomized clinical trial. Pain and function were assessed at 2-week pre- and 2-, 6-, and 12-months post-surgery. Piecewise latent class growth models were used to estimate pain and function trajectories. Pre-surgery variables were used to predict trajectory types. Results There was strong evidence for two trajectory types, labeled as good and poor, for both Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain and Function scores. Model estimated rates of the poor trajectory type were 18% for pain and function. Dumenci's latent kappa between pain and function trajectory types was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61–0.80). Pain catastrophizing and number of painful body regions were significant predictors of poor pain and function outcomes. Outcome-specific predictors included low income for poor pain and baseline pain and younger age for poor function. Conclusions Among adults undergoing KA, approximately one-fifth continue to have persistent pain, poor function, or both. Although the poor pain and function trajectory types tend to go together within persons, a significant number experience either poor pain or function but not both, suggesting heterogeneity among persons who do not fully benefit from KA.
Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America), 2003 and request for interpretation of the judgment of 31 March 2004 in the case concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America), 2008

Between 1998 and 2008, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) heard a trio of cases on the application of the 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR),2 in the context of the arrest, trial and sentencing of foreign nationals by the US: the Breard case brought in 1998 by Paraguay,3the LaGrand case brought in 1999 by Germany,4 and the Avena case brought in 2003 by Mexico.5
On Bells and Rebellion: The Auditory Imagination and Social Reform, Medieval and Modern

Using T. S. Eliot’s notion of the “auditory imagination” as a frame, this chapter examines three interconnected treatments of song and chant to show how authors across time have explored the capacity of the voice to facilitate both social cohesion and mob mentality. The so-called rebel letters associated with the Peasant’s Revolt of 1381 highlight how embodied textual engagement was a key aspect of lay literacy in late-medieval England—one that the rebels employed as part of their efforts to build resistance to established power structures. William Langland’s treatment of song in the Prologue to Piers Plowman is more ambivalent, warning that an embodied experience of language can overtake conscious thought even as he suggests that such engagement is a crucial means to make sense of his own poetry. Finally, in his utopian novella, A Dream of John Ball, the late nineteenth-century scholar and craftsman William Morris, who was familiar with both the rebel letters and Piers Plowman, found an idealized understanding of the communal elements of song was well-suited to his socialist ideology.
Tracking Transmission Line Parameters in Power Grids Observed by PMUs

The paper presents a method to estimate the parameters of transmission lines using a minimum number of synchronized measurements. Considering the noise in the measured bus voltages and line currents, a phasor-only static state estimation is employed first to estimate the states. Then, the parameters of transmission lines are tracked dynamically by a Kalman filter. State estimation and parameter tracking are iteratively carried out to reduce the uncertainties that exist in the estimation function. A PMU placement algorithm is developed to ensure that all system parameters can be tracked accurately. Several tests are carried out on IEEE 14 bus system. Results of these simulations are provided to illustrate how the proposed approach can successfully track line parameters under a variety of operating conditions.
Se(VI) reduction by continuous-flow reactors packed with Shigella fergusonii strain TB42616 immobilized by Ca2+-alginate gel beads

Abstract Selenium at high levels may cause adverse health effects on human beings and endanger aquatic lives due to its toxicity. Se(VI) reduction in continuous-flow reactors packed with Shigella fergusonii strain TB42616 immobilized by Ca2+-alginate gel beads was investigated under various hydraulic retention times (HRT) and influent Se(VI) concentrations. Removal efficiency up to 98.8 % was achieved after 96 days operation under an HRT of 5 days and an influent Se(VI) concentration of 400 mg/L. The results showed that the overall selenium removal efficiency was affected by the HRT and the bed height of the reactor but not the influent Se(VI) concentration. The steady-state data were analyzed using a mathematical model and Monod-type kinetics. Biokinetic parameters of half-velocity constants and maximum specific reduction rates were optimized using steady-state data obtained under a range of HRTs (0.73–5.0 days) at a constant influent Se(VI) concentration of 50 mg/L. The model was validated using steady-state data obtained under influent Se(VI) concentrations ranging from 10 to 400 mg/L while maintaining the HRT at 5.0 days. The high correlation coefficients between model calculated Se(VI) and Se(IV) concentrations and the experimental data indicate that the model is robust to predict the performance of the continuous-flow bioreactor.
Tensions in Enacting a Design Philosophy in UX Practice

Design culture is increasingly present within organizations, especially with the rise of UX as a profession. Yet there are often disconnects between the development of a design philosophy and its translation in practice. Students preparing for UX careers are positioned in a liminal space between their educational experience and future practice, and are actively working to build a bridge between their developing philosophy of design and the translation of that philosophy when faced with the complexity of design practice. In this study, we interviewed ten students and practitioners educated within design-oriented HCI programs, focusing on their design philosophy and evaluating how their philosophical beliefs were shaped in practice. Building on prior work on flows of competence, we thematically analyzed these interviews, identifying the philosophical beliefs of these designers and their trajectories of development, adoption, or suppression in industry. We identify opportunities for enhancements to UX educational practices and future research on design complexity in industry contexts.
Stifled by freedom of expression: The “Statue of a Girl of Peace” and the legacy of colonialism and historical revisionism in Japan

This essay provides a closer look at the controversy over the shutdown of an art exhibit titled “After ‘Freedom of Expression?’” at the 2019 Aichi Triennale in Japan. While heated debates over free...
The endothelium as a target for bacterial infection: challenges at the bedside

Abstract The endothelium is the inner lining of the vascular network—a complex system made up of arteries, capillaries, and vein and consists of a single layer of flat cells. Initially considered inert and designated as the “cellophane wrapper” of the vascular tree, with the job of maintaining selective permeability to water and electrolytes, the vascular endothelium is now well recognized as an interactive interface which performs a number of important functions in order to maintain adequate blood supply to vital organs. These functions include (1) prevention of coagulation and thrombosis; (2) regulation of vascular tone in the form of vasodilation and vasoconstriction; (3) orchestration of the migration of immune cells or diapedesis by the expression of adhesion molecules; and (4) regulation of permeability and production of chemoattractant compounds. These functions necessitate that the endothelium possess intact machinery for adherence and onset of an inflammation response.
Graduate Medical Education in Otolaryngology: Making Dollars and Sense of Reform:

Graduate medical education (GME) is funded by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services through both direct and indirect payments. In recent years, stakeholders have raised concerns about the ...
Quantified invariant generation using an interpolating saturation prover

Interpolating provers have a variety of applications in verification, including invariant generation and abstraction refinement. Here, we extended these methods to produce universally quantified interpolants and invariants, allowing the verification of programs manipulating arrays and heap data structures. We show how a paramodulation-based saturation prover, such as SPASS, can be modified in a simple way to produce a first-order interpolating prover that is complete for universally quantified interpolants. Using a partial axiomatization of the theory of arrays with transitive closure, we show that the method can verify properties of simple programs manipulating arrays and linked lists.
The mediator of cellular immunity. X. Interaction of macrophages and specifically sensitized lymphocytes.

Abstract Specifically sensitized lymphocytes have a focusing influence on mononuclear phagocytes that is expressed in the local accumulation and division of macrophages in bacteria-induced exudates. This was demonstrated by injecting Listeria monocytogenes into the peritoneal cavity of normal rats immediately before the animals were transfused with thoracic duct lymphocytes from either Listeria -immune donors or donors that had been infected with the unrelated parasite, Francisella tularensis . Sensitized lymphocytes originally present in the intravenous inocula were found later in the exudates. The arrival in the inflamed peritoneal cavity of specifically sensitized lymphocytes was associated with an exuberant influx of newly formed host cells and a local proliferative response that involved both immunoblasts and macrophages. These cytokinetic observations provide a plausible explanation of the delayed inflammatory response induced by the parasite, and imply that sensitized lymphocytes contribute to the host's defence by encouraging the prompt and purposeful deployment of monocyte-derived macrophages in centers of infection. In addition to their focusing influence on mononuclear phagocytes, specifically sensitized lymphocytes or their products can enhance the metabolic and microbicidal activity of macrophages. This activation process was revealed in the ability of rats infected with L. monocytogenes or BCG to control the growth of F. tularensis at a challenge site in the testis. But resistance was expressed only when the challenge organisms were injected with killed bacteria against which the recipients had been specifically immunized. The results accord with the view that macrophages are functionally activated by an immunological mechanism, and imply that the process is triggered locally by sensitized lymphocytes which are recruited from the blood.
An Adaptive Solution for Large-Scale, Cross-Video and Real-Time Visual Analytics

This paper aims at a new challenge caused by a specific type of real-life problems that require to not only process tremendous videos, dig out cross-video information, but also guarantee a real-time responsiveness to the user. Moreover, users want to adapt the resources to the actual amount of visual objects, rather than to the number of videos, in order to better match resource consumption to the true business needs. All the state-of-the-art solutions cannot meet these requirements altogether, while this paper developed a series of techniques to address each specific problem, and then proposed a new adaptive solution for large-scale, cross-video, and real-time visual analytics.
Classical Mechanics and Quantum Mechanics

The discussion begun in the preceding chapters raises the further question of how quantum mechanics is related to classical mechanics. We have insisted that quantum mechanical variables are differently defined from those of classical physics, not only because of the noncommutation of operators, but also because quantum mechanics includes in an organic way the functions of both a deterministic and statistical classical theory. Quantum and classical physics, and the variables appropriate to each are analogous to one another. We shall now examine the analogues which exist between these two branches of physics, and explain in what way classical mechanics is a limiting case of quantum mechanics.
Multistage neural network for pattern recognition in mammogram screening

A novel multistage neural network (MSNN) is proposed for locating and classification of micro-calcification in digital mammography. Backpropagation (BP) with Kalman filtering (KF) is used for training the MSNN. A new nonlinear decision method is proposed to improve the performance of the classification. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of this classification/detection is 100% with the false positive detection rate of less than 1 micro-calcification clusters (MCCs) per image. The proposed methods are automatic or operator independent and provide realistic image processing times as required for breast cancer screening programs. Full clinical analysis is planned using large databases. >
The Food Companions: cinema and consumption in wartime Britain, 1939–45

The Food Companions: cinema and consumption in wartime Britain, 1939–45 RICHARD FARMER Manchester and New York, Manchester University Press, 2011 xvi+256 pp., illus., index, bibliography, $95.00 (c...
Going Beyond Citizen Data Collection with Mapster: A Mobile+Cloud Real-Time Citizen Science Experiment

Citizens have always played an important role in emergency management such as urban flooding response. New information and communication technologies such as smart phones and computer-based social networks have great potential to transform the roles of citizens in emergency management. However, current digital citizen science projects are usually limited in three areas: 1) limited one-way citizen participation, 2) no processing and integration of citizens' reports with other existing infrastructure sensing data, 3) no personalized near-real-time spatiotemporal visualization tools for citizens to instantly view aggregated data to gain updated situational awareness. We developed a Mapster application that specifically addresses these issues. First, we leveraged Twitter's geo-referenced tweets functionality to design a customized smart phone application for citizens to report a set of events that have been identified in past urban flooding situations such as "basement flooding" and "powerline down" etc. Second, a Cloud-based semantic streaming data harvesting and processing tool was developed to fetch and process both the Twitter feeds and other infrastructure sensing data such as US National Weather Service's radar data. Third, a user can instantly explore the heterogeneous data processed and provided by the Cloud service through a map-based spatiotemporal animation tool on the smart phone to see how all the events evolve before, during, and after a storm. Such a two-way information flow significantly improves citizen participation and their sense of situational awareness. We present our architecture, implementation, and discussion of issues on citizen science data collection platforms, integration of heterogeneous data sources and future work plan.
Long-term (18 years) performance of a residential solar heating system

Abstract The long-term performance of a residential solar heating system has been determined for a system which has been operating continuously since 1957 with no maintenance. This residential solar heating system is the Colorado Solar House located in Denver, Colorado, designed and operated by George O. G. Lof. The performance of this system was determined during the 1959–1960 heating season, and the results were publised. The performance of this system was redetermined during the 1974–1975 heating season so that changes in performance occurring over a period of 15 yr could be determined. The collector is an Overlapped-Glass Plate Solar-Air Heater. The system is completely automatic with provision for water heating in addition to space heating. Solar heat is stored in a rock bed of primarily granitic rock approximately 1.3–2.5 cm in diameter. The ratio of useful collected solar heat divided by the total solar radiation on the collector dropped to 71.8 per cent of its original value in 15 yr. For both seasons, the useful collected solar heat was correlated with the ratio of degree days per month divided by the total solar radiation on the collector. For the same value of this ratio, less useful collected solar heat was delivered during the latter season. Additional work that will be published at a later date includes the detailed performance of the hot water heating system.
Colonial Law and Cultural Difference: Jurisdictional Politics and the Formation of the Colonial State

L'A. soutient que l'ordre juridique colonial etait par nature un ordre juridique pluriel, divise en differentes juridictions instables, changeant sous la pression des politiques juridictionnelles des colonisateurs et des colonises. Il tente de montrer que cette politique juridictionnelle a contribue a une hierarchisation du systeme juridique, et a renforcer le role de l'Etat en tant qu'arbitre ultime dans les conflits juridiques d'une part et, d'autre part, en tant qu'arbitre des identites politiques, en favorisant l'instrumentalisation de la difference culturelle dans le domaine legal. Il etudie d'abord les changements juridiques qui ont affecte l'Inde sous le regime colonial britannique, mettant en evidence le passage d'un systeme pluriel menageant un espace pour l'autorite legale autochtone, vers un systeme domine par les sources et procedures juridiques britanniques. A partir de l'etude de cas d'un conflit gere par la British East India Company en 1776, il montre comment les tensions entre l'autorite coloniale et les parties autochtones ont ete exarcerbees des le debut de la colonisation. Il discute ensuite les similitudes structurelles avec d'autres contextes coloniaux, comparant notamment les politiques coloniales francaise, espagnole, et hollandaise.
Forming Effective Teams from Agents with Diverse Skill Sets

Many complex problems can be solved through an effective organization of human experts connected by a human computation network where each node contributes a unique skill set needed to enable a higher order problem solving capability of the group. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) architecture is one of the examples in this group problem solving space, having demonstrated successful applications for well-defined domains such as military planning and trading auctions. Recent work in crowd sourcing applications based on enterprise social networks (e.g. People Cloud) showed that the group problem solving approach can be extended to enterprise and potentially Internet-wide scales. However, systems operating at such scales assume that candidate group participants make decisions about which groups to join based on limited connectivity and local information. This paper focuses on the relationship between network adaptation for candidate group participants and performance of problem solving groups. We demonstrate that systems that expect to form groups (e.g. crowd sourcing) by engaging participants equipped with diverse skill sets require more sophisticated network adaptation strategies than what can be expected based on previous research. To address this need, we evaluate a set of network adaptation algorithms for crowd sourcing and present some empirical results from a simulation based study.
A matrix continued fraction algorithm for the multiserver repeated order queue

This paper describes a multiserver repeated order queue with an unlimited number of sources, for which the underlying queueing process can be represented as a level-dependent quasi-birth-and-death process. For calculating its steady-state probabilities, a recursive method is proposed, which generalizes the notion of a continued fraction to sequences of matrices. In addition, rigorous proofs of the ergodicity and transience condition are given.
AN ACTIVITY NETWORK APPROACH TO INTRODUCING ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Abstract This paper investigates an incremental, cost-effective transition process from an existing transportation system to some improved system. The goal of the process is to speed introduction and transition, compared to gradual evolutionary change, by identifying technologies and feasible pathways. A graphical technique is outlined that combines engineering benefit/cost analysis and precedence diagrams from project management. The approach defines and evaluates potential technologies and relationships among the technologies. The introduction of each technology can be broken into development, implementation, and market growth activities, which are represented on activity networks along with activities for other related technologies. The resulting activity networks can be used to plan and evaluate transition pathways. A market range can be calculated for each technology, based on expected benefits and costs, showing when the technology should be deployed and when it should be replaced. Since each activity has associated time, cost, and resource estimates for completion, scaled activity networks can also be drawn. The most useful diagrams are two-dimensional, with time on the horizontal axis and market level on the vertical axis. These scaled precedence activity network (SPAN) diagrams show the market range for each technology and how soon each technology can be deployed. Logical strategies for introduction, which span the expected market range by using a combination of several technologies, can then be identified from the SPAN diagrams. These deployment strategies, selected by matching the level of deployment of technologies with the market level, provide a means of reducing the investment risk of introducing alternative systems.
Clunkers or Junkers? Adverse Selection in a Vehicle Retirement Program

Abstract Vehicle retirement programs have become popular tools of public policy for reducing pollution. The efficacy of these programs is difficult to measure, as it is difficult to tell how much a...
Operative management of periprosthetic femur fractures in the elderly using biological fracture reduction and fixation techniques

Summary Treatment of periprosthetic femur fractures often requires deviation from standard fixation techniques due to the presence of associated arthroplasty components, however, the use of adjuvant bone grafts and bone graft substitutes remain controversial. 59 patients (average age, 74 years) with either a periprosthetic femoral shaft about an arthroplasty stem ( n = 29) or supracondylar fracture above a total knee arthroplasty ( n = 30) were treated with biological open-reduction internal-fixation techniques without the use of bone grafts or bone-graft substitutes. All except one patient healed after the index procedure. Three patients had progressive malalignment associated with failed screw fixation but all healed without further surgical intervention. 49 out of the 59 patients returned to their baseline level of function. These results indicate that use of adjuvant bone graft materials may not be routinely necessary when treating periprosthetic femur fractures using lateral plates and biological reduction and fixation techniques.
IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy in Gastric MALToma

An 80-year-old male with a 3-year history of IgM kappa paraproteinemia and a presumed diagnosis of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) presented as a new patient to establish care. He had initially presented 3y ears ago with 6 months of intermittent fevers and chills occurring approximately twice monthly. Diagnostic work-up at that point had included positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and MRI, both of which were negative. No esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed as part of the work-up. Blood work revealed an IgM paraproteinemia of 492 mg/dl. He was further evaluated by hematology and rheumatologyphysicians who gavea diagnosis of WM for his paraproteinemia and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) for his intermittent fevers and chills. The FMF was clinically diagnosed after demonstrating symptom resolutionwith a trial of colchicine. Gene testing was not performed. With the resolution of the fever and chills, management consisted of interval trending of the IgM paraproteinemia. Over a 3-year
Uterine cyclic AMP formation: biphasic effect of estrogen on catecholamine sensitivity.

Abstract Female, ovariectomized rats were treated with estradiol and then, after various time periods, given an intravenous injection of isoproterenol or epinephrine. 30 seconds later uteri were frozen in situ and assayed for cyclic AMP and glycogen phosphorylase. The cyclic AMP response to catecholamines was significantly depressed as early as 30 minutes after estrogen and at 6, 12 and 24 hours was 50% of that in non-estrogen-treated controls. Catecholamine-induced glycogen phosphorylase activation was unchanged until 24 hours after estrogen when it was significantly increased over controls. At 48 hours of estrogen both the cyclic AMP and phosphorylase responses to catecholamines were greater than controls. Estrogen regulates uterine β-adrenergic sensitivity but the time courses of estrogen effects on the cyclic AMP and glycogen phosphorylase response changes are different. Catecholamine-induced uterine cyclic AMP formation is biphasic: suppression during the first 24 hours of estrogen followed by recovery and finally augmentation by 48 hours. Catecholamine-induced glycogen phosphorylase activation shows only augmentation after 24–48 hours of estrogen. It is concluded that estrogen has independent effects on the β-adrenergic-glycogen phosphorylase activation pathway at two different points; one prior to cyclic AMP formation and another after cyclic AMP formation.
Ozark Superstitions As Geographic Documentation

(1972). Ozark Superstitions As Geographic Documentation. The Professional Geographer: Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 223-226.
De novo aneurysm formation and regression after brain arteriovenous malformation embolization: case report

Background: The formation of de novo aneurysms is a known complication of vessel occlusion (Wright RL, Sweet WH. Carotid or vertebral occlusion in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms: value of early and late readings of carotid and retinal pressures. Clin Neurosurg 1962:9;163-92). Aneurysms most commonly develop on newly formed primary collateral routes as a result of increased flow through these collaterals. Development of aneurysms is not commonly seen in vessels whose flow has been directly decreased by therapeutic or natural occlusion. Case Description: A 53-year-old woman with an intracerebral hemorrhage underwent cerebral angiography which demonstrated a right parietal AVM. An enlarged right ACA gave rise to 3 direct feeding pedicles. Leptomeningeal collaterals from the right MCA as well as the right PCA also gave collateral supply to the AVM. The lesion had superficial drainage into the superior sagittal sinus and deep venous drainage into the right posterior pericallosal vein. No feeding artery aneurysms or intranidal aneurysms were present. Treatment plan included preoperative embolization followed by surgical resection. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a de novo aneurysm forming and regressing in an artery hemodynamically related to an embolized AVM. The short timescale of its development (6 weeks) is also noteworthy. The spontaneous regression suggests that at least some aneurysms forming in vessels after abrupt decrease in distal runoff may have a self-limited course. Such lesions may do best if not subjected to direct endovascular or surgical treatment.
The impact of asthma risk factors on home management of childhood asthma.

There have been few studies of childhood asthma among families who live in nonmetropolitan settings. This work is part of the baseline assessment conducted before implementing a health education program to study the impact of asthma risk factors (gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, asthma severity) on home asthma management. Data analysis yielded no significant differences in home asthma management performed by parents or children with asthma based on the child's gender, ethnicity, asthma severity, or family socioeconomic status. Factors that define the child's experienced asthma pattern, such as activity limitations, number of allergens, and school absenteeism, were associated with the parent's work of asthma management. Trends in the data for the different ethnic and gender subgroups that have implications for clinical practice were identified. Future directions for research to address questions that emerged in this analysis are discussed.
60-nm GaN/AlGaN DH-HEMTs with 1.0 Ω·mm R on , 2.0 A/mm I dmax , and 153 GHz f T

GaN-based HEMTs offer a unique combination of high electron velocity and high breakdown field making them t he prime candidate for the highest performance millimeter-wave solid-state power am plifiers (PAs). Recently, we have demonstrated GaN MMIC PAs with an output power of 500 mW at W-band frequency range [1]. The device high frequency performance has been significantly im proved during the past y ears through vertical epitaxial scaling with double-hetero (DH) HEMT structures using an AlGaN back barrier [2] and reduction of gate length (L g ) down to 30 nm [3]. One of technical challenges for further device scaling is reduction of parasitic resistances. Various approaches including alloyed contact to an n+-GaN cap layer, ion implantation, and a multi-channel structure were attempted. However, a resulting on- resistance (R on ) is typically larger than 1.6 Ω·mm.
Componentes sociais da migração: experiências da Província Sul, Zâmbia

As suposicoes comuns atribuem causas economicas e ambientais as decisoes de migracao. Este trabalho revela a importância das estruturas do poder local – ao nivel da comunidade e da familia – para entender a migracao. Sao examinados os processos migratorios na Provincia Sul da Zâmbia por meio do uso de informacoes coletadas de dois projetos de pesquisa qualitativa. Ate recentemente, quando a seca e as doencas bovinas comecaram a devastar a area, a Provincia Sul era conhecida por suas condicoes ideais para agropecuaria. Ate os ultimos anos de 1980, os agricultores da Provincia Sul comecaram a migrar para areas da fronteira norte, onde ha terra e chuva em abundância. Contextos locais economicos e ambientais eram os fatores decisorios na migracao das populacoes; o controle sobre os recursos da zona rural e a habilidade de mobilizar as redes de apoio social nos vilarejos tambem demonstraram influenciar as decisoes para deslocar-se. As informacoes apresentadas nesse trabalho sao do Projeto de Pesquisa longitudinal Gwembe Tonga (GTRP) e de um estudo de dois anos sobre emprego e mercados de trabalho na Provincia Sul, liderados pelo Centro de Estudos sobre Desenvolvimento da University of Bath, Inglaterra.
The Tumor Suppressor Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding Protein 5 (CHD5) Remodels Nucleosomes by Unwrapping

Although mutations or deletions of chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 5 (CHD5) have been linked to cancer and implicate CHD5 in tumor suppression, the ATP-dependent activity of CHD5 is currently unknown. In this study, we discovered that CHD5 is a chromatin remodeling factor with a unique enzymatic activity. CHD5 can expose nucleosomal DNA at one or two discrete positions in the nucleosome. The exposure of the nucleosomal DNA by CHD5 is dependent on ATP hydrolysis, but continued ATP hydrolysis is not required to maintain the nucleosomes in their remodeled state. The activity of CHD5 is distinct from other related chromatin remodeling ATPases, such as ACF and BRG1, and does not lead to complete disruption or destabilization of the nucleosome. Rather, CHD5 likely initiates remodeling in a manner similar to that of other remodeling factors but does not significantly reposition the nucleosome. While the related factor CHD4 shows strong ATPase activity, it does not unwrap nucleosomes as efficiently as CHD5. Our findings add to the growing evidence that chromatin remodeling ATPases have diverse roles in modulating chromatin structure.
Structural response and relative strength of a laminated composite hip prosthesis: effects of functional activity.

To obtain a better appreciation for the structural performance of a laminated composite hip prosthesis (CP), we examined in situ prosthesis structural response and relative strengths as a function of walking and stair climbing using our previously developed analysis guidelines. Accordingly, we examined overall prosthesis structural response utilizing a global continuum level modeling approach and prosthesis relative strengths using a local microstructural (or ply-level) modeling approach. As a reference and control, we examined the structural performance of the intact natural femur (NAT) and a titanium alloy (Ti) based hip prosthesis. In terms of the overall structural response, i.e., the femur/prosthesis deformational response, stem/bone interfacial stress transfer, and calcar strain energy density restored, the performance of the CP prosthesis was moderately improved over that of the control Ti prosthesis and better approximates the NAT response. In terms of relative strength, we found that the neck of the CP prosthesis failed for all activities with the exception of the mid-stance phase of level walking. However, the prosthesis appears to have sufficient relative strength for function at positions distal to the neck of the prosthesis. While these results dampen enthusiasm for consideration of laminated composite hip prostheses designed with a shape based on a metal alloy implant, they indirectly support consideration of alternate hip prosthesis structural designs such as using a better supported prosthesis neck or utilizing metal/composite hybrid constructions. Importantly, our simulation and analysis approach could be utilized in the design of other laminated composite biomedical structural components.