cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Assessing Somatization with Asian American Clients

This chapter examines the assessment of somatization with Asian-American clients, who have been traditionally identified as a group that is more likely to present with somatic symptoms as indicators of emotional distress. Somatization refers to physical symptoms that are often manifestations of psychological and emotional distress. In this chapter, we discuss what somatization is, why it occurs among Asian-American clients, and what clinicians can do to assess this symptom presentation. We examine three clusters of somatization: somatoform disorders, culturally bound somatic syndromes, and somatic symptoms. We discuss possible reasons Asian-Americans somaticize including a conceptualization of mind and body as integrated, stigma associated with mental health, and culturally sanctioned values regarding emotional expression. We then examine how to work with clients with these presentations and review assessments created specifically for Asian-American populations as well as more general assessments of somatization normed with Asian-American samples. Finally, we discuss implications for practice and research so as to further develop culturally appropriate assessments and interventions with Asian-American clients.
Shattering the consensus on end-of-life care: Was the Schiavo case palliative medicine's Humpty Dumpty

In October of 2005, a two-day conference, “Controversies in End-of-Life Care: Terri Schiavo's Lessons,” was jointly sponsored by Baystate Medical Center and the Smith College School for Social Work. Both the conference and this special issue of the journal are prompted by recognition that the Schiavo case has clearly generated considerable national attention, and it consequently offers palliative medicine, social work, psychiatry, neurology, and allied disciplines a singular opportunity to reflect on our clinical practices and assumptions about the management of catastrophically ill individuals. At the core of the Schiavo case was a bitter family feud, but before it ended, it became a legal battle, a political fight, a disability rights issue, and a macabre media circus. It is heartbreaking that Congress held a midnight session about the health care of one irreparably brain-damaged woman, Terri Schiavo, while ignoring the health crisis of 40 million uninsured Americans (Friedman, 2005).
A correlation of Salmonella mutagenicity with DNA adducts induced by the cooked-food mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6–6-phenylimidazo[4,5,-b]pyridine

The correlation of bacterial mutagenicity with DNA adducts from the heterocyclic amine cooked-food mutagen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 (uvrB deficient) and TA1978 (uvrB proficient). Bacterial cells were exposed to PhIP using a modification of the Ames/Salmonella microsuspension assay. Half of the cells, generated from a 90 min pre-incubation and washing, were plated for revertant formation while the remaining half was subjected to DNA adduct analysis via 32P-postlabeling. In TA98, DNA adducts were detected at an RAL (relative adduct labeling) of 10 x 10(-7) and 21 x 10(-7) at PhIP concentrations of 5.5 and 17 microM, respectively. This corresponded to 28.8 and 20.9 adducts/revertant, respectively. These values were based on the assumption that only four repeating GC bases within a 75 DNA base region is the gene target site for PhIP induced mutations. In TA1978, no revertants above background were detected at any concentration of PhIP tested. DNA adducts, however, were detected at 11 x 10(-7) and 21 x 10(-7) adducts per nucleotide at 223 and 1116 microM PhIP, respectively. The lack of detectable revertants, but the presence of DNA adducts, suggests pre-mutational lesions did occur during the 90 min pre-incubation. Presumably, when the S9 activating system and PhIP were removed (via washing with phosphate buffered saline) prior to plating, the cells containing an intact uvrB repair system repaired the lesions during the incubation time on the plates. In conclusion, the induction of revertants by adducts appears quite efficient, as approximately 25 adducts are required for one mutational event in the excision repair deficient bacteria.
Competitive 5V-thin and 12V-thick dual gate technology isolated drain LDMOS devices

Integrated power FETs in dc-dc converters should have good CHC rating so the on-resistance of the FETs does not walk outside its guaranteed limits over its intended lifetime thereby increasing the power losses. Planar devices are somewhat limited by CHC physics of gate oxide and drain engineering and not BVdss. The device presented at ISPSD02 was re-engineered in the quest for an isolated FET with BVdss greater than 22V, and meeting the system requirements for a 16V product rating. Data for thin (150 /spl Aring/) and thick gate versions (425 /spl Aring/) of the same device style in a 0.72/spl mu/m technology is presented along with 2D simulation results. The thick gate version shows a slight improvement but not enough to meet the above requirements. Much improved data for a re-engineered device is presented.
Medical complications after lung transplantation

In recent years, the field of lung transplantation has seen incremental advances in surgical technique and medical management, resulting in improved graft survival and an overall increase in the number of lung transplants performed worldwide. Lung transplantation is now performed in older patients with greater comorbidities and more pulmonary dysfunction prior to transplant than in past eras. Consequently, we have greater knowledge of the significant medical complications that occur after lung transplant including cardiovascular disease, renal insufficiency, gastroesophageal reflux, blood dyscrasias, neurologic disease, and malignancies. This article focuses on noninfectious, nonpulmonary medical complications seen postoperatively and discusses their impact on overall morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation.
Head and Neck Cancer Radiation Therapy With and Without Chemotherapy May Result in Decreased Health-related Quality of Life Followed by a Return to Baseline Over a 1-year Period

Article Title and Bibliographic Information Health related quality of life in head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy: a systematic review. Klein J, Livergant, J, Ringash J.Oral Oncol 2014;50(4):254-62. Reviewers Walter J. Psoter, DDS, PhD, Maria Lucia Aguilar, DDS, MSD, MSc Purpose/Question The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSSC) in non-surgical patients whose treatment consisted of radiotherapy with and without chemotherapy. Source of Funding Information not available Type of Study/Design Systematic review Level of Evidence Level 2: Limited-quality patient-oriented evidence Strength of Recommendation Grade B Limited-quality patient-orientated evidence
STUDIES IN THE SEROLOGY OF SYPHILIS V. THE CAUSE OF THE GREATER SENSITIVITY OF THE ICE BOX WASSERMANN; THE ZONE PHENOMENON IN COMPLEMENT FIXATION

Serum, in concentrations greater than 1:25, causes a marked inhibition of complement fixation in general and of the Wassermann reaction in particular. The serum protein is probably adsorbed by the colloidally dispersed lipoid-reagin complexes, forming a protective film which prevents the fixation (adsorption) of complement. This inhibition explains the zone phenomenon in complement fixation: a weakly positive serum may give a completely positive reaction in e.g., 1:5 dilution, and yet, because of this serum inhibition, may appear completely negative when tested as whole serum. The greater sensitivity of the ice box test is due (1) to the fact that the serum inhibition just described is less marked at lower temperature; (2) to the prolonged incubation time, making for greater specific fixation; (3) to a more marked non-specific destruction of complement by antigen; and (4) a spontaneous deterioration in the longer ice box test. Because of the inhibition by serum protein in high concentration, a quantitative Wassermann technique involving the use of graded quantities of serum is worthless when carried out at 37°C. Even the ice box test, which is less susceptible to this inhibiting effect, will yield a positive reaction with whole serum only when the circulating reagin exceeds a surprisingly high threshold (six to ten times the quantity which could be detected in dilute serum). It is well known that a negative Wassermann, even by a very sensitive test, does not exclude syphilis: it now appears that a negative Wassermann does not exclude circulating reagin.
Classic Buckling of Three-Dimensional Multicolumn Systems under Gravity Loads

The elastic stability of three-dimensional ~3D! multicolumn systems under gravity loads is analyzed in a condensed manner using the classical Timoshenko stability functions. The characteristic equations corresponding to multicolumn systems with sidesway uninhibited, partially inhibited, and totally inhibited are derived. Using the transcendental equations of the proposed method, the effective length K factor for each column and the total critical axial load of an entire story can be determined directly. The proposed method is applicable to 3D framed structures with rigid, semirigid, and simple connections. It is shown that the elastic stability of framed structures depends on: ~1! the axial load pattern on the columns; ~2! the variation in size and height among the columns; ~3! the plan layout of the columns; ~4! the overall floor-torsional sway caused by any asymmetries in the loading pattern, column layout, and column sizes and heights ~all of which reduce the flexural-buckling capacity of multicolumn systems !; ~5! the end restraints of the columns; and ~6! the bracings along the two horizontal and rotational directions of the floor plane. The proposed method solves the classical bifurcation stability of 3D frames directly without complex matrix solutions, however, it is limited to frames made up of columns of doubly symmetrical cross section with their principal axes parallel to the global axes. Examples are presented that show the effectiveness of the proposed method and the results compared with those obtained by complex matrix methods.
The effect of γ‐irradiation on slow crack growth in polyethylene

HDPE was γ-irradiated at room temperature. The resistance to slow crack growth (SCG) was measured in single edge notched tensile specimens under constant load as a function of the dose. The resistance to SCG initially decreased to a minimum value at a dose between 0.05 and 0.10 Mrd. The minimum value was 45% less than for the undosed state. For doses greater than 0.10 Mrd, the resistance to SCG increased up to a dose of 50 Mrd, where its value had increased by a factor of 102. The gel point occurred at 1–3 Mrd. MI and the crack opening displacement exhibited maximum values at a dose of 0.1 Mrd. The behaviors of SCG, MI and crack opening displacement were consistent with the explanation that chain scission dominated for doses less than 0.1 Mrd, and cross-linking dominated at the higher doses. For doses beyond 50 Mrd, the resin became so brittle that it cracked during the loading of the specimen. Beyond the gel point the density increased from 0.9694 to 0.9716 g/cm3 at a dose of 160 Mrd. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measurement of osmolality in kidney slices using vapor pressure osmometry

A method is described for the measurement of tissue fluid osmolality in intact kidney slices using a vapor pressure osmometer (Wescor). The intact tissue slices were placed directly into the equilibration chamber of the instrument. A high degree of accuracy and reproducibility were obtained for both renal cortical and medullary tissue when care was taken to adhere to specific requirements for tissue slice geometry and size. The measurements proved to be technically easier than using the freezing point depression method, and better spatial resolution was obtained.
Assessing Item-Level Fit for the DINA Model.

This research focuses on developing item-level fit checking procedures in the context of diagnostic classification models (DCMs), and more specifically for the “Deterministic Input; Noisy ‘And’ gat...
What happens when health care providers ask about intimate partner violence? A description of consequences from the perspectives of female survivors.

Objective To describe positive and negative consequences of health care screening for intimate partner violence from the perspectives of female survivors. Method We conducted 7 semistructured focus group interviews with 41 women in battered women's shelters or intimate partner violence support groups. Results Positive consequences of screening included: recognizing that the violence was a problem, decreased isolation, and feeling that the medical provider cared. Negative consequences included: feeling judged by the provider, increased anxiety about the unknown, feeling that the intervention protocol was cumbersome or intrusive, and disappointment in the provider's response. Conclusion We found that both positive and negative consequences can result from screening for intimate partner violence and that they are related to provider behavior. The positive consequences described by the participants reflect changes in their attitudes, thoughts, and feelings that may precede help seeking. A better understanding of consequences can help providers tailor screening approaches and interventions for intimate partner violence.
Ventricular Arrhythmias: Clinical Recognition and Management

The recognition that patients at high risk for sudden cardiac death can be identified raises our enthusiasm to eliminate some of these risk factors and thus our hope to prevent sudden cardiac death. Although this effect is yet to be shown in cooperative, well-controlled clinical trials, data exist to suggest that this result will be achieved. Thus, the use of antiarrhythmic agents in chronic ventricular ectopy, particularly in patients with left ventricular dysfunction, seems to be warranted, and new and more potent agents to be used for this end will be available in the future.
Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residents From 2006 to 2015.

Purpose Substance abuse in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) training programs is an important and under-represented topic in the literature. This study's purpose was to assess the prevalence of substance abuse in OMS training programs in the United States during a 10-year period and to determine the substances most abused by OMS residents. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted by sending an online questionnaire to program directors and chairpersons of all OMS graduate training programs accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation. The content- and validity-tested survey asked respondents to report on substance abuse cases at their program from 2006 to 2015. Auxiliary questions asked opinions on substance abuse. To analyze the data, percentages were calculated, including the estimated prevalence of abuse; results were presented as bar charts. Results Forty-six of the 101 OMS training programs (45.5%) responded. Sixteen of the responding 46 programs (34.8%) reported at least 1 suspected or encountered incident of substance abuse. The 2 most abused substances were alcohol and narcotics. During the decade studied, the prevalence of resident substance abuse was estimated to be 1.2%. Conclusion The estimated prevalence of resident substance abuse has gone unchanged since Rosenberg's initial study in 1986 (J Oral Maxillofac Surg 44:458, 1986). With the introduction of new drugs and despite more stringent protocols, substance abuse continues to be a germane issue for OMS requiring ongoing attention clinically and in the literature.
Sliding mode control of DSP based power converters for electric vehicles and energy applications

In this paper, a simple MATLAB-SIMULINK based Digital Signal Processor(DSP) implementation for a Sliding Mode Control(SMC) is presented for power converters in electric vehicles and renewable energy applications. This proposed control and program can be used a Power Factor Corrected(PFC) converter and a bi-directional converter in those applications. Design procedures of SMC for a Power Factor Corrected converter, boost and buck converters are explained in detail. To validate the SMC controls in those power converters, a computer simulation using PSIM is performed, and a prototype test-bed is built and tested using a DSP. The results show that the simple implementation can be achieved, and be applicable for energy (fuel cell/wind/solar) and electric vehicle applications.
Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Clinical Practice

Over half of patients diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) develop relapsed or refractory disease. Traditional chemotherapy salvage is inadequate, and new therapies are needed. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is a novel, immunologic approach where T cells are genetically engineered to express a CAR conferring specificity against a target cell surface antigen, most commonly the pan-B-cell marker CD19. After infusion, CAR T cells expand and persist, allowing ongoing tumor surveillance. Several anti-CD19 CAR T cell constructs have induced high response rates in heavily pre-treated populations, although durability of response varied. Severe toxicity (cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity) is the primary constraint to broad implementation of CAR T cell therapy. Here, we review the experience of CAR T cell therapy for ALL and ongoing efforts to modify existing technology to improve efficacy and decrease toxicity. As an anti-CD19 CAR T cell construct may be FDA approved soon, we focus on issues relevant to practicing clinicians.
Contingent valuation: Flawed logic?

In their Policy Forum “Putting a value on injuries to natural assets: The BP oil spill” (21 April, p. [253][1]), R. C. Bishop et al. discuss a study designed to assign monetary value to the assets harmed in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill ([ 1 ][2]). In the study, survey respondents were asked
Backward Rho Production in π - p Reactions at 2.3 BeV/c

In a sample of 8300 events of the type ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ and 6800 events of the type ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}p$ obtained with 2.3-BeV/c incident ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, substantial backward ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ production is seen. The decay angular distribution of these backward ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ events was found to be anisotropic. The $u$ distribution for the backward ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}'\mathrm{s}$ is compared with the theoretical predictions of the strong-cut Reggeized absorption model. A small amount of backward ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ production is also seen.
Iris verification using correlation filters

Iris patterns are believed to be an important class of biometrics suitable for subject verification and identification applications. Earlier methods proposed for iris recognition were based on generating iris codes from features generated by applying Gabor wavelet processing to iris images. Another approach to image recognition is the use of correlation filters. Correlation filter methods differ from many image-based recognition approaches in that two-dimensional Fourier transforms of the images are used in this approach. In correlation filter methods, normal variations in an authentic iris image can be accommodated by designing a frequency-domain array (called a correlation filter) that captures the consistent part of iris images while deemphasizing the varying parts. Correlation filters also offer other benefits such as shift-invariance, graceful degradation and closed-form solutions. In this paper, we discuss the basics of correlation filters and show how they can be used for iris verification.
Using Theory to Support Classroom Teachers as Physical Activity Promoters

Recently, there has been growing attention on the importance of the staff involvement component of a comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP). In particular, classroom teachers (CTs) ...
Inter and intraspecific comparisons of the skeletal Mg/Ca ratios of high latitude Antarctic echinoderms

Echinoderms are vulnerable to ocean acidification because of their high magnesium calcite skeletons. Here, skeletal Mg/Ca ratios were examined within and between individuals of 20 Antarctic echinoderms representative of the asteroids, ophiuroids and echinoids. The highest mean Mg/Ca ratios occurred in the discs and arms (0.111 and 0.110, respectively) of brittle-stars and the lowest in the spines (0.010) of cidaroid sea urchins. Many taxa (11 of 14 species) from the collection sites showed no intraspecific differences in Mg/Ca ratios between given skeletal components. Exceptions were the spines of two regular sea urchins and the skeletal ossicles of the combined arms and disc of a brittle-star. The relationship between skeletal magnesium content and latitude was further evaluated and an inverse correlation was found between Antarctic echinoderm taxa skeletal magnesium content and latitude across 62° to 76°, indicating that the relationship occurs over relatively narrow latitudes. Upon examination of an even narrower range (70–76° latitude), a region where the mineralogy of echinoderm skeletons has not been investigated, the predicted inverse relationship between Mg/Ca ratio and latitude was still observed in sea-stars, but not in brittle-stars or sea urchins.
Vivre Ici: Space, Place and Experience in Contemporary French Documentary

Vivre Ici invites the reader on a journey through the vast viewing landscape of contemporary French documentary film, a genre that has experienced a renaissance in the past twenty years. The films explored are connected not just by a general interest in engaging the "real," but by a particular attention to French space and place. From farms and wild places to roads, schools, and urban edgelands, these films explore the spaces of the everyday and the human and non-human experiences that unfold within them. Through a critical approach that integrates phenomenology, film theory, eco-criticism and cultural history, Levine investigates the notion of documentary as experience. She asks how and why, in the contemporary media landscape, these films seek to avoid argumentation and instead, give the viewer a feeling of "being there." As a diverse collection of filmmakers, both well-known and lesser-known, explore the limits and possibilities of these places, a collage-like, incomplete, and fragmented vision of France as seen and felt through documentary cameras comes into view. Venturing beyond film analysis to examine the production climate for these films and their circulation in contemporary France, Levine explores the social and political consequences of these "films that matter" for the viewers who come into contact with them.
Age-related lipid oxidation in human lenses.

Purpose To quantify age-related changes in products of lipid oxidation in human lenses and to relate these changes to membrane hydrocarbon chain structure. Deviation from a well-defined membrane-lipid composition and structure could result in alterations in membrane function and disruption of the homeostasis of the cell. Methods Infrared spectroscopy was used to detect lipid compositional and structural changes in human lens membranes associated with age and cataracts. Results Lipid oxidation increased linearly threefold relative to total phospholipids in subjects ranging in age between 1 and 85 years, as was evident by increases in trans double bonds, lipid carbonyls, and secondary products. There was no statistical difference between the levels of lipid oxidation in the cortex or nucleus. Lipid hydrocarbon chain order (rigidity) increased from approximately 40% at birth to 70% at 80 years of age. Changes in lipid order correlated with changes in the relative content of membrane phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, and with the level of lipid oxidation. Conclusions Lipid oxidation increased linearly and uniformly throughout the human lens with age. The change in lipid oxidation with age correlated to a change in lipid order.
MULTIPROCESSORS FOR POWER SYSTEMS—SOME PROGRAMMING AND RESEARCH ISSUES

Abstract Power systems are a major application area for control and automation theory. Emerging multiprocessor technologies can greatly aid some control and automation problems. Crucial questions are: which problems and what sorts of multiprocessors are best suited to them? To answer these questions will take a good deal of work. Tis paper discusses the needed work and identifies profitable research directions.
Cell Internalization SELEX: In Vitro Selection for Molecules That Internalize into Cells

Aptamer technology allows for the selection of nucleic acids that can bind to and enter cells. By establishing conditions during the selection that eliminate cell-surface binders as well as non-internalizing RNAs, only extremely tightly bound aptamers or aptamers that have internalized are recovered. We describe a general scheme for selecting RNA molecules that are capable of internalizing into cells and discuss the factors that can affect a successful selection. Much like standard cell-surface selections, these types of selections should be possible independent of detailed knowledge of the cell surface.
Automated ergonomic risk monitoring using body-mounted sensors and machine learning

Abstract Workers in various industries are often subject to challenging physical motions that may lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). To prevent WMSDs, health and safety organizations have established rules and guidelines that regulate duration and frequency of labor-intensive activities. In this paper, a methodology is introduced to unobtrusively evaluate the ergonomic risk levels caused by overexertion. This is achieved by collecting time-stamped motion data from body-mounted smartphones (i.e., accelerometer, linear accelerometer, and gyroscope signals), automatically detecting workers’ activities through a classification framework, and estimating activity duration and frequency information. This study also investigates various data acquisition and processing settings (e.g., smartphone’s position, calibration, window size, and feature types) through a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation framework. Results indicate that signals collected from arm-mounted smartphone device, when calibrated, can yield accuracy up to 90.2% in the considered 3-class classification task. Further post-processing the output of activity classification yields very accurate estimation of the corresponding ergonomic risk levels. This work contributes to the body of knowledge by expanding the current state in workplace health assessment by designing and testing ubiquitous wearable technology to improve the timeliness and quality of ergonomic-related data collection and analysis.
Modeling and Fabrication of Timed-Development-and-Thermal-Reflow (TDTR) Process for Microlens

This paper presents modeling and fabrication of timed-development-and-thermal-reflow (TDTR) process for various plano-convex/concave type microlenses on a single substrate. A partial development called a timed development in microlithography determines a remaining amount of uncrosslinked photoresist on the non-UV-exposed photoresist area. The baking process turns the solid uncrosslinked photoresist into the liquid state, to be called as a thermal reflow process, and creates a smooth meniscus to the UV-exposed crosslinked side wall. The proposed TDTR process was modeled on the relationship between a polymer-dissolving rate as a function of development time and a lateral dimension of the chemical contact area. The longer it develops, the deeper trench forms. Given the same development time, trenches with wider lateral dimensions show deeper patterns. This relationship was expressed as the depth and the surface profile of the developing time and the lateral dimension were modeled by the nonlinear regression analysis and verified by the experimental data. To demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed fabrication process, various plano-convex microlenses with different heights on a single substrate were successfully fabricated.
EFFECT OF CUSTOM DUTY INCENTIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EPZ FIRMS IN KENYA

Purpose : the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of custom duty Incentive on the performance of EPZ firms in Kenya. Methodology : This research used correlation research design. Sample size of all the 86 registered EPZs firms was used in this study. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires. Secondary data from the registered firms was collected on; ROA, number and value of jobs and the length of stay of the firms. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics to conduct data analysis. Results : The results of study revealed that at 5% significance level, custom duty incentives had a significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using ROA. The results further revealed that at 5% significance level, custom duty incentives were found to have a significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the total number of workers in Kenya. The results also revealed that at 5% significance level, custom duty incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the number of years in operation Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy : Based on the study findings, the study recommended that the government should offer increased excise duty incentives in order to cut down on imports and in that way promoting the growth of demand for domestic products in the country. The government could pursue this strategy in order to curb smuggling and also to promote the growth of the tourism industry. The study further recommends that policy makers should adopt strategic incentive plans or targeted incentive scheme that targets specific industry or a strategic tax incentive that add value or contribute positively to the economy and are in line with the country’s vision 2030.
Adolescent Depression: A Guide for Parents, 2nd ed.

How does a frustrated parent distinguish between a normal sulky, temperamental teenager and one suffering from a legitimate, clinical mood disorder? What if there are illicit drugs in the picture? ...
Phenotypic heterogeneity associated with germline GATA2 haploinsufficiency: a comprehensive kindred study

GATA2 is a zinc finger transcription factor that plays a critical role in hematopoiesis, lymphangiogenesis, and leukemogenesis [1]. GATA2 haploinsufficiency can occur with somatic or germline aberr...
Interim decisions in oncology trials.

e12530 Background: Interim analyses are commonly performed in oncology clinical trials. For a phase III trial, interim monitoring rules are in general pre-specified for an independent data monitori...
Changes in Weight Status and the Intestinal Microbiota Among College Freshman, Aged 18 Years.

Abstract Purpose The transition to college is a vulnerable period for weight gain and the onset of obesity. Gut microbes differ in obese compared with lean individuals, but gut microbiota in adolescent-aged college freshmen during a known period of weight gain have never been studied. This pre–post observational pilot study assessed associations between intestinal microbiota changes and weight-related outcomes in healthy adolescent college freshmen living in on-campus dormitories at Arizona State University (n = 39). Methods We measured anthropometrics (waist circumference [WC], height, weight, and body mass index [BMI]) and collected fecal samples at the beginning and end of the 2015–2016 academic year. Fold changes in species-level microbes across time were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and used in correlation and multivariate regression analyses. Results A total of 24 female and 15 male adolescents (aged 18.54 ± .67 years) participated in this study. Over the academic year, BMI and WC increased by .97±1.28 kg/m2 and 2.64±4.90 cm, respectively. Correlation analyses indicated a significant negative association between Akkermansia muciniphila and both percentage WC change and percentage BMI change (r = −.66, p Conclusions As this was the first study in a university-based adolescent population to show a relationship between A. muciniphila and weight-related outcomes, further research is needed to explore these findings.
Praxi: Cloud Software Discovery That Learns From Practice

With today's rapidly-evolving cloud software landscape, users of cloud systems must constantly monitor software running on their containers and virtual machines (VMs) to ensure compliance, security, and efficiency. Traditional solutions to this problem rely on manually-created rules that identify software installations and modifications, but these require expert authors and are often unmaintainable. More recent automated techniques leverage knowledge of packaging practices to aid in discovery without requiring any pre-training, but these practice-based methods cannot provide precise-enough information to perform discovery by themselves. Other approaches use machine learning models to facilitate discovery of software present in a training corpus, but prior approaches have high runtime and storage requirements. This demonstration features Praxi, a new software discovery method that builds upon the strengths of prior approaches by combining the accuracy of learning-based methods with the efficiency of practice-based methods. We demonstrate Praxi's training and detection process in real time while allowing laptop-equipped participants to follow along using a provided remote virtual machine.
“A Whole Habit of Mind”: Revelation and Understanding in the Christology of St. Cyril of Alexandria

The most proper intellectual relation to God is personal address, yet theology is required to think and speak God in the third person. How to span that gap between the first person order of revelation and the third person order of hermeneutics? St. Cyril of Alexandria’s path of negotiating this difficulty involves discerning the implications for human rationality of faith’s encounter with Christ, the “Image of the invisible God,” in Scripture and liturgy. Through an examination of his “kenotic” Christology, this article endeavours to understand St. Cyril’s exemplary path of negotiation between hermeneutics and revelation in order to recommend it to contemporary theology.
Pediatric ambulatory catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs): Incidence, risk factors, and patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) occur frequently in pediatric inpatients, and they are associated with increased morbidity and cost. Few studies have investigated ambulatory CAUTIs, despite at-risk children utilizing home urinary catheterization. This retrospective cohort and case-control study determined incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of pediatric patients with ambulatory CAUTI. DESIGN Broad electronic queries identified potential patients with ambulatory urinary catheters, and direct chart review confirmed catheters and adjudicated whether ambulatory CAUTI occurred. CAUTI definitions included clean intermittent catheterization (CIC). Our matched case-control analysis assessed risk factors. SETTING Five urban, academic medical centers, part of the New York City Clinical Data Research Network. PATIENTS Potential patients were age <22 years who were seen between October 2010 and September 2015. RESULTS In total, 3,598 eligible patients were identified; 359 of these used ambulatory catheterization (representing186,616 ambulatory catheter days). Of these, 63 patients (18%) experienced 95 ambulatory CAUTIs. The overall ambulatory CAUTI incidence was 0.51 infections per 1,000 catheter days (1.35 for indwelling catheters and 0.47 for CIC; incidence rate ratio, 2.88). Patients with nonprivate medical insurance (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.3) were significantly more likely to have ambulatory CAUTIs in bivariate models but not multivariable models. Also, 45% of ambulatory CAUTI resulted in hospitalization (median duration, 3 days); 5% resulted in intensive care admission; 47% underwent imaging; and 88% were treated with antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric ambulatory CAUTIs occur in 18% of patients with catheters; they are associated with morbidity and healthcare utilization. Ambulatory indwelling catheter CAUTI incidence exceeded national inpatient incidence. Future quality improvement research to reduce these harmful infections is warranted.
Driving change: Advancing policies to address the escalating complexities and costs of family care

Abstract Approximately 41 million family caregivers in the United States provide an estimated 34 billion hours of unpaid care to an adult with limitations in daily activities. AARP continues to support family caregivers and those for whom they care in a number of ways. This chapter describes the findings of the seminal Home Alone report. This research revealed that family caregivers are called on to perform complex medical/nursing tasks in addition to assisting with ADLs and IADLs and providing care management. Family caregivers perform these complex medical/nursing talks with limited instruction or support from health care providers. In response to the report, AARP developed model state legislation—the CARE (Caregiver Advise, Record, Enable) Act. AARP also created the Home Alone Alliance to help bridge the gap between what family caregivers are expected to do and the limited instruction they receive. The Home Alone Alliance has developed how-to videos and resources that are available on the AARP website. Because most family caregivers work outside the home in addition to caring for ill family members, AARP is encouraging employers to offer workplace flexibility options, such as paid family leave and allowing workers to use sick leave to care for ill family members. This chapter details state efforts in these areas as well as state programs to relieve the financial strain of caregiving through a tax credit for family caregivers as well as other mechanisms. On the federal side, AARP is supporting implementation of the 2018 RAISE (Recognize, Assist, Include, Support and Engage) Family Caregivers Act. As strategy is developed, AARP will continue to encourage coordination among federal, state, and local partners and stakeholders.
Testing the Use of a Social Networking App for American Indians Recovering from Addiction

Objectives: American Indians (AIs) have higher rates of addiction than most other groups. Social networking mobile apps are growing in popularity but their use has not been studied among AIs specifically. Methods: This paper describes a pilot program in which 27 AIs recovering from addiction were given access to a mobile app to support addiction recovery (Sober Grid) for up to six months. They completed a technology acceptability survey, monthly surveys of cravings, social connectedness, and quality of life, and a follow-up survey. Their use of the app was also tracked. Findings: We found that individuals in the sample often lacked initial technology access but were widely accepting and trusting of technology use in their recovery. No significant changes were noted in cravings, social connectedness, or quality of life but this was likely due to low initial cravings ratings and the small sample size. We found that the participants varied widely in the features of the app they used most (i.e. adding friends, making posts, commenting on the posts of others, etc.). Conclusions: This pilot indicates that mobile apps to support addiction recovery may be well-accepted by AI individuals. App usage data indicate that apps will be most successful in recovery support if they provide a variety of ways users can interact with others. Larger studies conducted over a longer period of time would be needed to determine how mobile apps can support addiction recovery and help prevent relapses.
Microwave Quantification of Porosity Level in 3D Printed Polymers

Additive manufacturing (or 3D printing) of polymers is a powerful technique for rapid prototyping and production of functional parts. However, these techniques, and in particular the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process, can result in parts with relatively large volume of porosity (i.e., distributed air voids). Such undesired levels of porosity can be potentially detrimental to the integrity of a printed part and ultimately limit its use. Microwave material characterization techniques are great candidates for evaluating such porosity, particularly for polymers (i.e., dielectric materials), with the ultimate potential of use for inline process control. In this work the well-known completely-filled waveguide technique is used to measure the complex permittivity of several printed samples with varying controlled porosity levels. Subsequently, two existing dielectric mixing models are used to correlate permittivity to this parameter for quantification purposes.
Concise stereoselective and stereodivergent syntheses of (±)-melicolones A and B

Abstract The first total syntheses of the epimeric (±)-melicolones A and B, which are bioactive constituents isolated as racemates from the leaves of Melicope ptelefolia, were achieved in 12.3% combined overall yield. The divergent approach to these unusual natural products is remarkably concise and required a longest linear sequence of only nine steps (11 total steps) from commercially available starting materials. The significant synthetic challenge posed by the unique and densely functionalized polycyclic framework characteristic of the melicolones was addressed by a novel and highly regioselective (16:1) and diastereoselective (15:1) dipolar cycloaddition to deliver the oxabicycloheptane core. This pivotal reaction featured an innovative combination of an unsaturated vinylogous ester dipolarophile with a carbonyl ylide that was generated by an unusual cyclization of the carbonyl oxygen atom of an aliphatic aldehyde with a rhodium carbenoid. Stereoselective prenylation of the ketone enolate derived from this bicyclic core gave an intermediate that was processed via a one-pot O-demethylation cycloaldolization sequence to give the penultimate intermediate. The synthesis was completed by a bioinspired tandem epoxidation of the prenyl substituent followed by a regioselective, acid-catalyzed cyclization to deliver (±)-melicolones A and B. This approach may be applicable to the syntheses of other melicolones having a tetracyclic core.
New Data Supporting an Obligatory Role for Lipid Peroxidation in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Loss of Aminopyrine Demethylase, Cytochrome P450, and Glucose-6-phosphatase

An attractive theme running through the work of many authors is the idea that drug-induced cellular injury may involve covalent binding of drug metabolites to functionally important structures of the cells that are injured. This idea has been widely discussed, especially rather recently, and it has been the central conceptual frame of reference for a considerable body of work (1–5). No attempt to review this idea in its entirety is intended here. Rather, this chapter presents new data which bear directly on part of the problem. An outline of the main idea, as applied to acute toxic hepatocellular necrosis, is given in Fig. 1, which was constructed from the text as given by Gillette et al. (2). It is postulated that a potentially toxigenic therapeutic agent or foreign chemical is first converted to an active metabolite. The latter reacts with a so-called action site on a tissue macromolecule, and is covalently bound there. The covalent binding of the active metabolite then, in some way, leads to hepatocellular necrosis. It was pointed out (2) that various factors would be expected to affect the severity of the ultimate lesion. One set of such factors could be thought of as controlling the rate of formation of and reactivity of active metabolites, e.g., more or less absorption, more or less excretion, more or less monooxygenase activity. Another set of factors could be thought of as those which come into play after covalent binding of the active metabolite to tissue macromolecules has taken place. It was pointed out that little is known of the latter set of factors. Thus, although great gaps in our current knowledge are recognized, the cornerstone of the central conception is the idea that covalent binding of active metabolites is the key event leading eventually to cellular necrosis.
Dynamics-based selective 2D 1H/1H chemical shift correlation spectroscopy under ultrafast MAS conditions

Dynamics plays important roles in determining the physical, chemical, and functional properties of a variety of chemical and biological materials. However, a material (such as a polymer) generally has mobile and rigid regions in order to have high strength and toughness at the same time. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the role of mobile phase without being affected by the rigid components. Herein, we propose a highly sensitive solid-state NMR approach that utilizes a dipolar-coupling based filter (composed of 12 equally spaced 90° RF pulses) to selectively measure the correlation of 1H chemical shifts from the mobile regions of a material. It is interesting to find that the rotor-synchronized dipolar filter strength decreases with increasing inter-pulse delay between the 90° pulses, whereas the dipolar filter strength increases with increasing inter-pulse delay under static conditions. In this study, we also demonstrate the unique advantages of proton-detection under ultrafast magic-angle-spinning conditions to enhance the spectral resolution and sensitivity for studies on small molecules as well as multi-phase polymers. Our results further demonstrate the use of finite-pulse radio-frequency driven recoupling pulse sequence to efficiently recouple weak proton-proton dipolar couplings in the dynamic regions of a molecule and to facilitate the fast acquisition of 1H/1H correlation spectrum compared to the traditional 2D NOESY (Nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy) experiment. We believe that the proposed approach is beneficial to study mobile components in multi-phase systems, such as block copolymers, polymer blends, nanocomposites, heterogeneous amyloid mixture of oligomers and fibers, and other materials.
Reference and Denotation

The interpretation of model-theoretic semantics proposed in Chapter 13 differs from the interpretation of predicate calculus found in many A.I. applications.1 We motivated the level of literal meanings by the desire to model spontaneous reference to new objects by the robot, and by the necessity to distinguish between the literal meaning of expressions and the speaker meaning of utterances.