cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Macroscopic kink instabilities in toroidal relativistic beams

The interaction of such beams with the shear Alfven modes of the background plasma has been examined and a class of low-frequency instabilities which are similar to the hydrodynamic kink instabilities of the current-carrying plasma have been found. However, for the case of a beam-plasma configuration, the spectrum of the Alfven modes is, in general, complex, which precludes the use of an energy principle. A normal mode approach is employed and both growth rates and real frequencies for n=1, m=1, 2, 3, 4 instabilities for various values of beam energy and nu A/c have been calculated.
Lahar facies of the Mount Dutton Formation (Oligocene-Miocene) in the Marysvale Volcanic Field, southwestern Utah

Lahar facies of the Mount Dutton Formation (Oligocene-Miocene; Marysvale Volcanic Field, Utah) differ in clast-size gradation, presence or absence of a self- supporting clast framework, and, to a lesser extent, thickness. The two most common of these fades (matrix supported and either inversely graded [facies 1A] or nongraded [1B]) are absent from the closest modem analog, Mount St. Helens (MSH), Washington, as are three others (matrix supported normally graded [3], clast supported, inversely graded [5], and clast supported, nongraded [7A]). One common Mount Dutton fades (matrix supported, inversely to normally graded [4]) is the peak-flow overbank and transition lahar fades at MSH. One less common Mount Dutton lahar fades (clast supported, inversely to normally graded [6]) is the sole facies or channel facies at MSH. Mount Dutton facies 2 (thin, matrix supported, nongraded) is present at MSH as the lahar runout facies. Plots of maximum particle size (MPS) versus bed thickness (BTh) show significant positive correlations for seven fades, as expected of debris-flow deposits. Analogy with MSH lahars suggests that Mount Dutton lahars were cohesionless debris flows (grainflows) that formed when turbulent floods or pyroclastic surges "bulked" by eroding material from their bed. Dispersive pressure produced inverse grading where shearing occurred; inverse grading throughout beds is inherited from transient shearing episodes. Normal grading may be inherited from graded suspensions developed during bulking of turbulent flows or may reflect progressive deposition, rather than frictional or cohesive freezing, of a laterally graded flow. Slopes and intercepts of correlation lines for individual facies on an MPS-BTh plot form natural groups. Three groups, comprising facies 5 and 7A, 1A and 1B, and 3 and 4, differ chiefly in the intercept of the correlation line with the MPS axis. This intercept indicates thickness-independent strength, the result of cohesion and possibly other factors. All three groups are stronger in this respect, by a factor of 2 to 100, than a sampling of ancient nonvolcanic debris flows. These three groups correspond to diamictite subfacies of nonvolcanic debris flows from the Permian of Colorado. Facies 6 is unlike other fades of the Mount Dutton Formation but similar to ancient nonvolcanic debris flows in its strength properties. It resembles whaleback bars that formed during nonuniform flow in the North Fork lahars at MSH. Two Mount Dutton fades (2 and 7B [clast supported, normally graded]) do not have a significant positive correlation of MPS and BTh. They are probably deposits of hyper-concentrated fluids, not lahars in the strict sense.
Kidney function in patients undergoing coronary revascularization.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as a major global public health problem. CKD affects 10 to 16% of the adult population in Asia, Australia, Europe and USA, and increases the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease across broad range of populations, that is, general or high-risk populations.1 Patients who underwent coronary revascularization are not an exception. In 2002, Best et al.2 reported that kidney dysfunction significantly increases the risk of death during and in the first few years after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a dose-response manner. Importantly, increased mortality after PCI has been observed even in patients with mildly or moderately reduced kidney function. A few other studies have confirmed the clinical significance of CKD on prognosis after PCI.3, 4
The influence of multiaxial states of stress on the hydrogen embrittlement of zirconium alloy sheet

The ductility of ZIRCALOY *-2 sheets containing 21-615 wt ppm hydrogen has been investigated at room temperature over a range of stress states from uniaxial to equibiaxial tension. Data based on locally determined fracture strains show a decrease in ductility with both increasing hydrogen content and increasing degree of biaxiality of the stress state. Metallographic and fractographic examinations indicate that the embrittlement is a consequence of void nucleation (due to hydride fracture), void growth, and void link-up. The influence of hydrogen content and stress state on each of the sequential stages of ductile fracture is determined. These results indicate that the primary cause for the influence of stress state on the hydrogen embrittlement of the ZIRCALOY sheet is that void link-up is initiated at a much lower critical void density in equibiaxial tension than in uniaxial tension. This appears to be a result of equibiaxial deformation enhancing (a) direct participation of previously unfractured hydrides in providing a fracture path linking up voids and (b) a localized shear instability process which is triggered by the nucleation of voids.
Structuring a Landscape, Structuring a Sense of Place: The Enduring Complexity of Olmsted and Vaux's Brooklyn Parkways

Eastern and Ocean Parkways in Brooklyn, New York, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux and built in the 1870s, are exemplars of the American version of the multi-way boulevard street form, a complex street type that allows many diverse activities to exist in close proximity to each other. Their physical form remains today much as originally built, despite changing attitudes toward street design that have worked against street complexity. This paper tells the story of these streets: how they were conceived, how they evolved, how they were managed, how they survived, and the impact they have had on urban form. It also describes how these streets helped create a unique sense of local place, how local place making intersected with larger, non-local forces, and the conflicts over meaning and use that ensued.
Multichemical resistance of the conifer Podocarpus gracilior (Podocarpaceae) to insect attack

Podocarpus gracilior is resistant in nature to insect attack. Apparently, the resistance ofP. gracilior is due to a multichemical defense mechanism. Chemicals identified as potential components of the multichemical defense are four norditerpenedilactones, including nagilactones, C, D, and F, which cause insect feeding deterrent activity ultimately coupled to an insecticidal activity, and podolide, an insecticide; two nonlethal growth-inhibiting biflavones, podocarpusflavone A and 7″,4′″-dimethylamentoflavone; and the ecdysis-inhibiting phytoecdysone, ponasterone A.
Spinodal decomposition of two homopolymers with their block copolymer : A comparison of models

The dynamics of phase separation in the presence of a diblock copolymer have been studied using ternary and quaternary models of spinodal decomposition. The ternary model treats the block copolymer as a third component that is compatible with each of the mutually incompatible homopolymers. The quaternary model treats the block copolymer as a pair of specially constrained homopolymers. Both models predict core-shell morphologies with the copolymer concentrated at the interface. Both models predict larger domain sizes and less sharp phase boundaries in the early stages of spinodal decomposition. In the late stages, domain sizes are largest for the system of homopolymers without copolymer and smallest when a system containing copolymer is modeled as a quaternary blend. The scaling exponent observed for the quaternary model was s = 0.25 ± 0.02 compared to s ≅ 0.3 for the homopolymers without copolymer and for the ternary model. The quaternary model predicts internal phase separation within a pure diblock copolymer, whenever the corresponding homopolymers are sufficiently incompatible. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Simple model for the detection of a particle by a point detector

A model for a one-dimensional quantum particle interacting with a point detector is developed and analyzed. The analysis leads to any simple, intuitively pleasing expression for the final density operator of the particle in terms of the freely propagating particle density operator, a projection operator representing the detector volume, and a probability density for the time at which the detector fires. This probability density is found explicitly to be the presence-time density given by {psi}{sub f} (0,t){sup 2}/{integral}{psi}{sub f} (0,t){sup 2}dt where {psi}{sub f} (0,t) is the free particle wave function evaluated at the detector position (x=0). Moreover, it is shown that the resultant density operator transformation is a nonlinear transformation, not describable as a positive operator valued measure.
The VUV/IR/THz free electron laser program at Jefferson Lab

Jefferson Lab operates a pair of oscillator-based continuous-wave Free Electron Lasers (FELs) as a linac-based next generation light source with pulse repetition rates up to 75 MHz. The facility uses an energy recovered linac design for efficiency of operation. Recent advances in superconducting technology have been implemented to produce higher acceleration gradients in the linac to produce higher electron beam energies that result in higher photon energies. Thus, while the system originally operated only in the IR, it now covers the photon energy range from the UV to THz, with harmonics upwards of 10 eV with an average spectral flux that is calculated to be 5x1017 photons/sec/0.1%BW. Pulse lengths are in the sub-picosecond regime, and the fully coherent nature of the source, both transversely and longitudinally, results in peak and average brightness values that are several orders of magnitude higher than storage rings. The system provides an R&D test-bed for studies of electron beam dynamics in a regime appropriate for next generation light sources operating at MHz repetition rates.
The Relationship of Recruiting Sources and Pre-Hire Outcomes: Examination of Yield Ratios and Applicant Quality

The study reported in this paper examined the relationship between 5 recruiting sources (college placement offices, newspaper advertisements, employee referrals, direct applicants, and job fairs) and several important but neglected pre-hire outcomes (e.g., percentage of qualified applicants generated, percentage of applicants who were hired). As hypothesized, applicants who applied directly for jobs and those who were referred by current employees were more likely to receive job offers and to become employees than were applicants recruited via other sources. Unexpectedly, recruiting sources were not related to the measures of applicant quality used in this study.
Primary Care of the Patient with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease—Part 4: Understanding the Clinical Manifestations of a Progressive Disease

This article reviews the main factors influencing the pathophysiology, symptoms, and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including dynamic hyperinflation, exacerbations, and comorbid illness. Key clinical trials and reviews were identified. After formal presentations to a panel of pulmonary specialists and primary care physicians, a series of concepts, studies, and practical clinical implications related to COPD progression were integrated into this article, the last in a 4-part mini-symposium. The main points of roundtable consensus were as follows: (1) COPD is characterized by declining pulmonary function as classically measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)), but the complex pathophysiology and the rationale for bronchodilator therapy are actually better understood in terms of progressive hyperinflation, both at rest (static) and worsening during exercise (dynamic) and exacerbations; (2) although COPD progression is often thought of as inevitable and continuous, the clinical course is actually quite variable and probably influenced by the frequency of exacerbations; (3) preventing exacerbations with pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic care can influence overall morbidity; (4) comorbidities such as lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and skeletal muscle dysfunction also contribute to declining patient health; and (5) surgical lung volume reduction and lung transplantation should be considered for selected patients with very severe COPD. We conclude that the concept of COPD as a gradual but relentlessly progressive illness that is best monitored via FEV(1) is outdated and likely compromises patient care. Many patients now being managed in primary care settings will benefit from an earlier, broad-based, and aggressive approach to management.
The linear multi-objective R&D project selection problem

A multi-objective model of the project-selection problem is described. The model departs from an earlier goal-programming formulation of the problem, which suggested Delphic methods for selection of priorities and aspiration levels. It is shown that the multiobjective formulation yields multiple nondominated solutions for the same problem solved by goal programming, whereas the goal-programming formulation revealed only one solution, and that the goal-programming solution is sensitive to choice of aspiration levels. The multiobjective model is recommended as a more general approach to the research and development project-selection problem, since it will develop a set of all nondominated solution. Subjective methods (such as the Delphic technique) can then be called for at a later point in the analysis to choose among alternative nondominated solutions. >
Complications of epilepsy surgery in the first 8 years after neurosurgical training

Abstract Background Surgery is the most effective means of eliminating or reducing seizures in cases of medically refractory epilepsy. As elective surgery, however, there is little tolerance for complications. We have reviewed the early operative experience of a single epilepsy surgeon to identify the presence or absence of a surgical learning curve. Methods All phase II (diagnostic) and phase III (therapeutic) procedures for epilepsy surgery during the surgeon's first 8 years of practice were retrospectively reviewed. Complications were analyzed and subdivided into major or minor. Trends in complication rates were evaluated. Results During the first 8 years, there were 96 phase II and 94 phase III cases. Complications occurred in 26 (14%) of 190 cases, including 16 major (8%) and 10 minor (5%) complications. There was a decline in both the number and severity of complications associated with temporal lobectomy over time. Complications involving subdural grids shifted, over time, from those attributed to surgical technique or experience to those felt to be unavoidable risks of the procedure itself. Over time there was a decline in the proportion of major vs minor complications, but the overall complication rate remained stable. Conclusions There appears to be a surgical learning curve for epilepsy surgery involving complications associated with removal of medial temporal lobe structures, which lessen as the surgeon's experience increases.
Proposed approach for combining distributed sensing, robotic sampling, and offline analysis for in-situ marine monitoring

An approach for coordinated, distributed, in situ sensing is proposed. An example application is chosen (offshore marine monitoring) and the approach is described in the context of the example. Three major research challenges are discussed, (1) coordinated sensing and triggering, (2) localization and time synchronization, and (3) micro mobility.
Restrictive Versus Permissive Money: Two Is-Lm Views of Pure Fiscal Action:

Analyzing pure fiscal actions in an IS-LM setting is a common exercise in current macromonetary textbook literature. As far as the role these analyses Abstract assign to the monetary sector is concerned, this literature offers two contradictory portrayals. One describes thefiscal action's initial impact on aggregate demand as independent of monetary adjustments. The monetary sector in this view is relegated to a secondary restrictive role. The other view depicts the initial impact of the fiscal action as being grounded in a simultaneous and supportive monetary disequilibrium. This disequilibrium, moreover, is seen as persisting throughout the multiplier process. Little attention has been directed to this contradiction, even though fundamentally different perspectives on the role played by monetary adjustments are involved. This paper contains an outline of the nature of the contradiction and a discussion ofthefactors important in its resolution.
Diffraction theory of nanotwin superlattices with low symmetry phase: Application to rhombohedral nanotwins and monoclinic M A and M B phases

The Brillouin zone-dependent conditions for coherent and adaptive diffractions are formulated. Adaptive diffraction phenomenon of nanotwins is analyzed. Extraordinary Bragg reflection peaks appear and adaptively shift along the conventional twin peak splitting vectors, whose positions are determined by lever rule according to twin variant volume fractions. Analysis of rhombohedral nanotwins shows that the nanotwin superlattices of rhombohedral phase with {l_brace}001{r_brace} and {l_brace}110{r_brace} twin planes diffract incident waves just like monoclinic M{sub A} and M{sub B} phases, respectively, whose lattice parameters are intrinsically related to that of rhombohedral phase. Crystallographic analysis of rhombohedral nanotwins by nanodomain averaging gives the same monoclinic M{sub A} and M{sub B} phases.
An investigation of the factors influencing the number of Kanbans required in the implementation of the JIT technique with Kanbans

Abstract Japanese production environments exhibit a number of characteristics not present in many American firms that contribute to the success of the just-in-time (JIT) system with Kanbans. However, because of the advantages of a JIT system with Kanbans many firms have attempted implementation without the existence of the appropriate production environment to do so. The purpose of this paper is first to identify those factors that will influence the number of Kanbans required at a workcentre for the production manager implementing a JIT system in an uniquely American production environment. The factors that will be identified include the throughput velocity (i.e. the rate at which items flow through a workcentre machine), the coefficient of variation in processing times (i.e. the degree of variability of processing times), the machine utilization (i.e. the availability of slack time on a machine), and, autocorrelation of processing times (the degree to which successive processing times on a specific mach...
Parathyroid hormone-related protein is a positive regulator of keratinocyte growth factor expression by normal dermal fibroblasts

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), an important factor in the pathogenesis of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, is produced by many normal tissues, including the skin, where it regulates keratinocyte growth and differentiation and dermal fibroblast function. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, is a secretory product of stromal cells and functions as a mediator of epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Phenotypes of the skin in several transgenic mouse models, in which the KGF and PTHrP genes have been overexpressed or disrupted, suggest that these two factors interact in vivo to regulate homeostasis of the skin. In this study, we investigated the effects of KGF on PTHrP secretion and expression by normal human foreskin keratinocytes (NHFK) and the effects of PTHrP on KGF secretion and expression by normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) in vitro. N-terminal PTHrP(1-36) increased KGF secretion, protein expression and mRNA expression by NHDF in a dose-dependent manner, however, KGF did not regulate PTHrP expression and secretion by NHFK. By flow cytometry, PTHrP also increased the percentage of NHDF producing KGF. Our results indicate that PTHrP produced by keratinocytes is a potential paracrine regulator of KGF expression by dermal fibroblasts in vivo. This paracrine regulation may explain, in part, the epidermal atrophy seen in the PTHrP null mice and epidermal hyperplasia seen in transgenic mice overexpressing PTHrP in their basal keratinocytes. Our results also suggest that PTHrP is an important mediator for the healing of skin wounds and growth of neoplasms of squamous origin.
A note on natural production functions

Abstract Two techniques are presented for estimation of natural animal populations, both of which may incorporate the effect of pollutants on populations. Both techniques assume specific underlying population dynamics which may not be applicable to certain species or ecosystems. However, both techniques allow for testing the hypothesis that the population dynamics specified is applicable. The techniques are used to criticize two recent empirical investigations of fisheries.
Aspects of paper abrasivity

Abstract The mechanism of wear by paper is reviewed, and it is established as being primarily abrasive. The severity of this type of wear is compared with other wear processes and shown to be relatively mild. In addition, new data regarding the effects of paper damage, paper debris and moisture on the abrasivity of paper are presented. In general, it is shown that the individual and combined effects of these factors reduce the abrasivity by as much as one to two orders of magnitude under certain conditions.
Cytokine gene expression by Kupffer cells in experimental alcoholic liver disease

Kupffer cell-derived cytokines are believed to play pivotal paracrine roles in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). To evaluate this hypothesis, Kupffer cell gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) were directly examined in the rat model of ALD. Kupffer cells were isolated from the model after 10 and 17 weeks of intragastric ethanol infusion. These two durations resulted in focal hepatocellular injury and liver fibrogenesis, respectively. Oxidative stress as assessed by the hepatic level of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, was evident at 10 weeks but more pronounced at 17 weeks. The steady state messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the cytokines were examined by Northern blot analysis using RNA samples from freshly isolated Kupffer cells, and the release of the cytokines was quantitated ex vivo using a 3-day culture. The mRNA levels of TNFα and TGFβ1 were significantly increased by 183% and 204% at 10 weeks and 231% and 295% at 17 weeks in the ethanol-fed rats, respectively. Ex vivo release of TNF activity by control Kupffer cells was undetectable or very low (<2U/105 cells/18 hours) at both time points, but the cells from the ethanol-fed animals secreted appreciably more TNF (27.8 ± 7.6 U at 10 weeks and 40.4 ± 10.3 U at 17 weeks). The release of the latent TGFβ1 protein was also coordinately increased by 143% at 10 weeks and 238% at 17 weeks. IL- 6 mRNA expression was minimal at 10 weeks, but enhanced most prominently (790%) at 17 weeks, with the ex vivo release of this cytokine increased 4-fold at the latter time point. These results show coordinate induction of TNFα, TGFβ, and IL-6 expression by Kupffer cells in progression of experimental ALD and support their paracrine roles in the ALD pathogenesis. In particular, the marked induction of Kupffer cell IL-6 gene expres sion at 17 weeks suggests its possible role in alcoholic liver fibrogenesis.
On general distributed source coding of correlated Gaussian remote sources

This work considers a distributed source coding (DSC) problem where L encoders observe noisy linear combinations of K correlated remote Gaussian sources with K ≤ L, and separately transmit the compressed observations to the decoder to reconstruct the remote sources subject to a sum-distortion constraint. This DSC problem can be viewed as a generalization of the quadratic Gaussian CEO problem with only one remote source; it is also an extension of Oohama's latest work with correlated Gaussian remote sources, where the number of remote sources equals the number of observations. For our new DSC problem, we first provide general inner and outer rate regions, followed by a tighter outer rate region when the transform matrix between the sources and the encoders is semi-orthogonal. We then give a sufficient condition - in the form of capping the target distortion under certain threshold - for our inner and outer rate regions to match. When K = 1, both our inner and outer regions specialize to known result for the Gaussian CEO problem; with K = L and identity transform, our inner and outer regions degenerate to those provided by Oohama, however, our sufficient condition is more relaxed in the sense of allowing more matching cases1.
Minerals of carcass soft tissue and bone of serially slaughtered cattle as affected by biological type and management

Mineral concentrations of soft tissue and bone were measured in carcasses from cattle slaughtered serially across a wide weight range. Seventy-four small framed Angus steers and 71 Holstein steers were selected to represent diverse mature types. Cattle were individually fed ad libitumeither a maize grain or maize silage diet, housed inside a barn or in outside pens and slaughtered over five weights within breed. After slaughter, a half-carcass was separated into soft tissue (lean and fat) and bone. Tissues were ground, freeze-dried and K, P, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn were measured. Concentrations of minerals were analysed by covariance analysis, using carcass weight as a covariate.The relationships between carcass weight and concentrations of all soft tissue minerals except Na and Zn were not affected by diet, breed or type of housing. Concentration of Na decreased with increasing carcass weight and at a slower rate in soft tissue of grain-fed cattle than in soft tissue of silage-fed cattle. Concentration of Zn increased with increased carcass weight in Angus, while in Holsteins it decreased. Soft tissue of Angus and Holsteins had similar concentrations of Fe and Mn. Holsteins had higher concentrations of the other minerals in soft tissue than Angus, possibly because they were at an earlier stage of maturity at the same carcass weight. Carcass weight had no effect on K, Ca, Fe or Cu content of soft tissue.Diet influenced concentrations of P, Ca and Na in bone and affected the relationship of bone Fe to carcass weight. Due to their later stage of maturity at the same carcass weight, Angus had less K and more Ca, Na and Zn in bone than Holsteins. Carcass weight had no influence on K, P, Mg, Na, Cu or Mn content of bone.These data provide baseline values for future studies, show that breed mature size differences in mineral concentrations of soft tissue and carcass bone may exist and that diet may influence concentration of soft tissue Na and some bone minerals.
Absorbing Boundary Conditions

Absorbing boundary conditions for computational aeroacoustics (CAA) are reviewed. Commonly used absorbing zonal techniques, such as sponge layers and buffer zones, as well as perfectly matched laye...
Conserved structural domains among species and tissues-specific differences in the mitochondrial phosphate-transport protein and the ADP/ATP carrier.

Peptide maps were generated of the CNBr-digested mitochondrial phosphate-transport protein and ADPATP carrier from bovine and rat heart, rat liver and blowfly flight muscle. Total mitochondrial proteins from the same sources plus pig heart were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The peptide maps and the total mitochondrial proteins were electroblotted onto nitrocellulose membranes and reacted with rabbit antisera raised against the purified bovine heart phosphate-transport protein and the ADPATP carrier. On the basis of antibody specificity, mobility in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and peptide maps the following was concluded. (1) Phosphate-transport protein α and phosphate-transport protein β (pig and bovine heart) react equally with the first and also with the second of two independent phosphate-transport protein-antisera. (2) Tissue-specific structural domains exist for both the phosphate-transport protein and the ADPATP carrier, i.e., one phosphate-transport protein-antiserum reacts with the phosphate-transport protein from all assayed sources, the other only with the cardiac phosphate-transport protein. These differences may reflect tissue-specific regulation of phosphate and adenine nucleotide transport. (3) Homologies among the different species are found for the phosphate transport protein and the ADPATP carrier, except for the flight muscle ADPATP carrier. These conserved structural domains of the phosphate-transport protein may relate directly to catalytic activity. (4) Alkylation of the purified phosphate-transport proteins and the ADPATP carriers by the transport inhibitor N-ethylmaleimide affects electrophoretic mobilities but not the antibody binding. (5) Neither of the two phosphate-transport protein-antisera nor the ADPATP-carrier antiserum react with both phosphate transport protein and ADPATP carrier, even though these two proteins possess similarities in primary structure and function. Possible mechanisms for generating tissue-specific structural differences in the proteins are discussed.
Partially linear models with missing response variables and error-prone covariates

We consider partially linear models of the form Y = X(T)beta + nu(Z) + epsilon when the response variable Y is sometimes missing with missingness probability pi depending on (X, Z), and the covariate X is measured with error, where nu(z) is an unspecified smooth function. The missingness structure is therefore missing not at random, rather than the usual missing at random. We propose a class of semiparametric estimators for the parameter of interest beta, as well as for the population mean E(Y). The resulting estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal under general assumptions. To construct a confidence region for beta, we also propose an empirical-likelihood-based statistic, which is shown to have a chi-squared distribution asymptotically. The proposed methods are applied to an AIDS clinical trial dataset. A simulation study is also reported.
Bridge across the Hudson

A bridge across the Hudson River opposite Manhattan Island was a dream that started in the early 19th century. Many giants of civil engineering, including Gustav Lindenthal and Othmar Ammann, were involved in planning such a bridge but it was not until 1931 that Ammann’s George Washington Bridge crossed the river. This paper covers the period from 1805 to 1935.
Abstract 4755: The role of a pair of cysteine residues in the redox properties of human ribonucleotide reductase small subunits hp53R2 and hRRM2

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is a cell cycle protein regulating intracellular redox state, which is a critical mediator and metabolic modulator of cellular functions such as cell signaling, gene expression, proliferation, and apoptosis. Human RNR has two small subunits hp53R2 and hRRM2, which by themselves play important roles in regulating cellular redox state. Our previous studies have shown that hRRM2 and hp53R2 have different redox properties, where hp53R2 is an antioxidant defending oxidative stress while hRRM2 tends to be an oxidant. Many proteins consist of cysteine residues which have a sulfhydryl group with a labile proton, making it an ideal “receptor” through the reversibility of the thiol/disulfide redox couple. In this work we have found human RNR small subunits possess a conserved CXXXC motif, C270XXXC274 in hRRM2 and C232XXXC236 in hp53R2, close to Tyr162-hRRM2/Tyr124-hp53R2. Our mutagenesis study indicated this motif is linked with the redox properties of hp53R2 and hRRM2. The cysteines were mutated to serine and alanine respectively and the redox state of the mutants were monitored by the fluorescence assays of carboxy-H2DCFDA oxidation. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and enzyme activity assays were also carried out for the radical stability and enzyme activity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4755. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4755
An approach for solving the discrete alternatives multicriteria problem

A method for solving the discrete alternative multicriteria problem extending the results of Korhonen, Wallenius, and Zionts is outlined. It uses pairwise comparisons of alternatives, and generates dominance cones which are used to eliminate alternatives. A special approach is used to accelerate the identification of the optimal solution. A potential application is discussed.
Analysis of conduction heat transfer problems in steady, 2D regions with circular holes using a special boundary integral method

Abstract A special boundary integral method developed for two-dimensional regions containing circular holes is used to calculate temperature and heat transfer on the boundaries of several selected regions. The geometrical configuration of the region is arbitrary and convective boundary conditions are assumed. An important feature of the method is analytic representation of temperature and its normal derivative on the interior circular holes in the form of a harmonic series. This makes the application of the boundary integral method convenient and free from conditioning problems associated with small interior boundaries. Heat transfer from circular isothermal interior holes are calculated for several illustrative examples using three terms of the harmonic series representation for heat transfer at each of the circular boundaries. The results are presented and discussed.
Harmful effects of clinical training upon students' personalities.

On a listing task in which 72 Nepalese informants in Kathmandu and Arubari were asked to provide the names of colors, females consistently listed more terms than did males. It is suggested that sex differences in verbal fluency and in the importance of color may be responsible.
GeoSTAR Performance Demonstration

Ground based tests of the GeoSTAR (geostationary synthetic thinned array radiometer) demonstrator instrument are reported which simulate the view of the Earth from geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). The test used a 4-meter target disk mounted on a tower above the instrument to simulate the brightness of the earth with a contrasting cold background. Continuous observations at 50.3 GHz for over 100 hours, along with simultaneous atmospheric measurements from independent radiometers, yielded an excellent data set with which to test all aspects of the GeoSTAR calibration. This paper presents a preliminary look at these data, and presents an algorithm to remove the aliased background from the synthesized image.
Popular Fiction Collections in Academic and Public Libraries

SUMMARY Popular fiction collections are found in public and academic libraries, serving the needs of scholars, students, and recreational readers. Interdisciplinary research into the interaction of reader and text underscores the appeal of popular and genre fiction and emphasizes its value. Selectors should have background knowledge in the structure and characteristics of the body of popular fiction, an understanding of the reader, and expertise in all aspects of library service. Strategies for selecting and acquiring popular fiction include developing policy grounded in the library's mission, sharing knowledge with patrons and colleagues, analyzing pertinent in-house data, and using standard and specialized bibliographies and review sources.
Analysis of orthotropic laminated plates subjected to torsional loading

Abstract An exact elasticity solution is obtained for the torsion of rectangular laminated plates. The laminate geometries considered consist of arbitrary numbers of layers which are either isotropic or orthotropic with axes of material symmetry parallel to the plate axes. Example problems are presented for both symmetric and unsymmetric laminates. A comparison is made between solutions generated from the exact elasticity analysis and two laminated plate theories incorporating transverse shear deformation. These two theories differ in the manner in which the transverse shear constitutive relations are developed. Comparisons include the relationship between torque and angle of twist, and through-the-thickness distributions of both the in-plane and interlaminar shear stresses.
Becoming Free in the Cotton South – By Susan Eva O'Donovan

Like many scholars who have been involved with the Freedmen and Southern Society Project at the University of Maryland, Susan Eva O'Donovan writes about the transition from slavery to freedom. Her ...
Ultrastructural features of the adult hermaphrodite gonad of Caenorhabditis elegans: relations between the germ line and soma.

Abstract Genetic and embryological experiments have established the Caenorhabditis elegans adult hermaphrodite gonad as a paradigm for studying the control of germline development and the role of soma–germline interactions. We describe ultrastructural features relating to essential germline events and the soma–germline interactions upon which they depend, as revealed by electron and fluorescence microscopy. Gap junctions were observed between oocytes and proximal gonadal sheath cells that contract to ovulate the oocyte. These gap junctions must be evanescent since individual oocytes lose contact with sheath cells when they are ovulated. In addition, proximal sheath cells are coupled to each other by gap junctions. Within proximal sheath cells, actin/myosin bundles are anchored to the plasma membrane at plaque-like structures we have termed hemi-adherens junctions, which in turn are closely associated with the gonadal basal lamina. Gap junctions and hemi-adherens junctions are likely to function in the coordinated series of contractions required to ovulate the mature oocyte. Proximal sheath cells are fenestrated with multiple small pores forming conduits from the gonadal basal lamina to the surface of the oocyte, passing through the sheath cell. In most instances where pores occur, extracellular yolk particles penetrate the gonadal basal lamina to directly touch the underlying oocytes. Membrane-bounded yolk granules were generally not found in the sheath cytoplasm by either electron microscopy or fluorescence microscopy. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry was used to confirm and characterize the appearance of yolk protein in cytoplasmic organelles within the oocyte and in free particles in the pseudocoelom. The primary route of yolk transport apparently proceeds from the intestine into the pseudocoelom, then through sheath pores to the surface of the oocyte, where endocytosis occurs. Scanning electron microscopy was used to directly visualize the distal tip cell which extends tentacle-like processes that directly contact distal germ cells. These distal tip cell processes are likely to play a critical role in promoting germline mitosis. Scanning electron microscopy also revealed thin filopodia extending from the distal sheath cells. Distal sheath filopodia were also visualized using a green fluorescent protein reporter gene fusion and confocal microscopy. Distal sheath filopodia may function to stretch the sheath over the distal arm.
Cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and 24‐hour infusion of cis‐diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in the management of patients with advanced head and neck neoplasms

Twenty-eight patients with measurable or evaluable, regionally advanced or metastatic head and neck cancer received the combination of cyclophosphamide (C), adriamycin (ADR), and a 24-hour infusion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (P). Most patients had received extensive prior surgery and radiation therapy, but only two had prior chemotherapy. We observed a 46% response rate (13/28) which included five complete responders and eight partial responders. Nine of the 13 patients responded within the initial month of treatment. The median response duration for the 13 responding patients was 7.5 months. Moderate to severe nausea and vomiting, and alopecia were the most significant toxicities. Myelosuppression (WBC less than 4,100 cells/mm3) occurred in 90% of patients but there were no episodes of sepsis, nor did we detect any meaningful impairment in renal function.
In vitro complementation of Tdp1 deficiency indicates a stabilized enzyme-DNA adduct from tyrosyl but not glycolate lesions as a consequence of the SCAN1 mutation

Abstract A homozygous H493R mutation in the active site of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (TDP1) has been implicated in hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1), an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease. However, it is uncertain how the H493R mutation elicits the specific pathologies of SCAN1. To address this question, and to further elucidate the role of TDP1 in repair of DNA end modifications and general physiology, we generated a Tdp1 knockout mouse and carried out detailed behavioral analyses as well as characterization of repair deficiencies in extracts of embryo fibroblasts from these animals. While Tdp1−/− mice appear phenotypically normal, extracts from Tdp1−/− fibroblasts exhibited deficiencies in processing 3′-phosphotyrosyl single-strand breaks and 3′-phosphoglycolate double-strand breaks (DSBs), but not 3′-phosphoglycolate single-strand breaks. Supplementing Tdp1−/− extracts with H493R TDP1 partially restored processing of 3′-phosphotyrosyl single-strand breaks, but with evidence of persistent covalent adducts between TDP1 and DNA, consistent with a proposed intermediate-stabilization effect of the SCAN1 mutation. However, H493R TDP1 supplementation had no effect on phosphoglycolate (PG) termini on 3′ overhangs of double-strand breaks; these remained completely unprocessed. Altogether, these results suggest that for 3′-phosphoglycolate overhang lesions, the SCAN1 mutation confers loss of function, while for 3′-phosphotyrosyl lesions, the mutation uniquely stabilizes a reaction intermediate.
Densities of Eggs and Nymphs and Percent Parasitism of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Common Weeds in West Central Florida

The density of eggs and nymphs of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B and the percent parasitism of the nymphs were measured from specimens collected on nine species of weeds, commonly found in west central Florida during the spring and summer of 2012 and 2013. The weeds were direct seeded in 2012 and grown as transplants in 2013 for Randomized Complete Block design experiments. The leaf area of each whole-plant sample was measured and the B. tabaci density parameters were converted to numbers per 100 cm2. In June and July, 2013, whole-plant samples became too large to examine entirely, thus a representative portion of a plant totaling about 1000 cm2 was sampled. Egg and nymph densities and percent parasitism varied greatly among weed species, and were higher overall in 2012 than in 2013. The highest densities of eggs and nymphs were measured on Abutilon theophrasti, Cassia obtusifolia and Emilia fosbergii each year. Lower densities of immature B. tabaci were measured on most dates for Amaranthus retroflexus, Bidens alba, Ipomoea lacunosa, Sesbania exaltata and Sida acuta. Nymph to egg ratios of 1:4 were observed on A. theophrasti and S. exaltata in 2012, while less than one nymph per ten eggs was observed overall on A. retroflexus, E. fosbergii and I. lacunosa. In 2012, parasitism rates of 32.3% were measured for B. alba, 23.4% for C. obtusifolia and 17.5% for S. acuta. Of the 206 parasitoids reared out over two seasons, 96.6% were Encarsia spp. and the remainder Eretmocerus spp. The role of weeds in managing B. tabaci is discussed.
Influence of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling functions on the Dst index

[1] In this paper we investigate the role of different solar wind magnetosphere coupling functions on the Dst index calculated by the low-order nonlinear dynamical WINDMI model. In our previous work we have shown that the geotail current dynamics has a significant role in the two-phase decay of the Dst index. During that investigation we used the rectified solar wind electric field vxBz as a baseline for the simulations and analysis. Here we include an evaluation of four other coupling functions in addition to the rectified vBs. These coupling functions emphasize different physical mechanisms to explain the energy transfer into the magnetosphere due to solar wind velocity, dynamic pressure, magnetic field, and Mach number. One coupling function is due to Siscoe, another by Borovsky, and two by Newell. Our results indicate that for a majority of cases, at most only vx, By, and Bz are needed to sufficiently account for the supply of energy to the ring current and geotail current components that contribute to the Dst index. The more complex coupling functions sometimes perform extremely well on storm data sets but at other times do not reproduce the Dst index faithfully. The AL index was used as an additional constraint on the allowable geotail current dynamics and to further differentiate between coupling functions when the Dst performance was similar. The solar wind dynamic pressure contribution appears to be correctly accounted for through the calculation of the Dmp formula of Burton et al. (1975). The degree to which the By component affects the Dst index is not entirely clear from our results, but in most cases its inclusion slightly overemphasizes the ring current contribution and slightly underemphasizes the geotail current contribution.
Recovery from hypoxia with and without sulfide in Saduria entomon: potassium, ATP and behavior

Abstract The contribution of potassium pumping, tissue ATP levels and locomotory activity to the oxygen debt was studied in the Baltic brackish water isopod Saduria entomon recovering from hypoxic and sulfidic conditions. The isopods were exposed (8 h; 9°C; salinity 10 ppt) to hypoxia (0.3 kPa) and to hypoxia (1 kPa) with sulfide (45 µM) and allowed to recover from hypoxia (8 h) and sulfide (28 h). When exposed to hypoxia the hemolymph and tissue K+ concentrations decreased significantly. When allowed 8 h recovery, normoxic K+ concentration was restored in the tissue but not in the hemolymph. After exposure to sulfide the hemolymph K+ was not different from the normoxic level but tissue K+ decreased significantly. When allowed 28 h of recovery the tissue K+ concentration was restored but the hemolymph K+ was significantly decreased as compared to the normoxic value. The ATP level in the normoxic control showed a significant decrease with time, indicating a general decrease in metabolic activity. The ATP l...