cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Implementing CompacT SelecT Automated Cell Culture in Support of Alzheimer's Disease-Targeted Drug Discovery

The CompacT SelecT is the latest generation automated cell culture system in the SelecT product line allowing incubation of up to 90 T-175 flasks and preparation of 210 assay-ready plates. We have successfully implemented the CompacT SelecT in support of a number of cell-based assays used in our Alzheimer's disease (AD) lead optimization programs. One of the distinguishing features of AD pathology is deposition of two neurotoxic forms of the beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ40 and Aβ42) in the brains of patients. It is thought that specifically lowering Aβ40 and Aβ42 in the brains of patients will halt the progression of the disease. The generation of Aβ requires sequential cleavage of the type-I integral membrane amyloid precursor protein (APP) by two proteases, β-secretase (BACE) then γ-secretase. In the specific examples presented here, we have transitioned two cell lines supporting drug discovery efforts for identifying β- and γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) from manual cell culture protocols to fully automation...
Galectin-3 is a new MerTK-specific eat-me signal.

Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cellular debris is a critical process of maintaining tissue and immune homeostasis. Defects in the phagocytosis process cause autoimmunity and degenerative diseases. Phagocytosis ligands or “eat-me” signals control the initiation of the process by linking apoptotic cells to receptors on phagocyte surface and triggering signaling cascades for cargo engulfment. Eat-me signals are traditionally identified on a case-by-case basis with challenges, and the identification of their cognate receptors is equally daunting. Here we identified galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a new MerTK ligand by an advanced dual functional cloning strategy, in which phagocytosis-based functional cloning is combined with receptor-based affinity cloning to directly identify receptor-specific eat-me signal. Gal-3 interaction with MerTK was independently verified by co-immunoprecipitation. Functional analyses showed that Gal-3 stimulates the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cellular debris by macrophages and retinal pigment epithelial cells with MerTK activation and autophosphorylation. The Gal-3-mediated phagocytosis was blocked by excessive soluble MerTK extracellular domain and lactose. These results suggest that Gal-3 is a legitimate MerTK-specific eat-me signal. The strategy of dual functional cloning with applicability to other phagocytic receptors will facilitate unbiased identification of their unknown ligands and improve our capacity for therapeutic modulation of phagocytic activity and innate immune response.
Wave-current interaction in Willapa Bay

[1] This paper describes the importance of wave-current interaction in an inlet-estuary system. The three-dimensional, fully coupled, Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system was applied in Willapa Bay (Washington State) from 22 to 29 October 1998 that included a large storm event. To represent the interaction between waves and currents, the vortex-force method was used. Model results were compared with water elevations, currents, and wave measurements obtained by the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers. In general, a good agreement between field data and computed results was achieved, although some discrepancies were also observed in regard to wave peak directions in the most upstream station. Several numerical experiments that considered different forcing terms were run in order to identify the effects of each wind, tide, and wave-current interaction process. Comparison of the horizontal momentum balances results identified that wave-breaking-induced acceleration is one of the leading terms in the inlet area. The enhancement of the apparent bed roughness caused by waves also affected the values and distribution of the bottom shear stress. The pressure gradient showed significant changes with respect to the pure tidal case. During storm conditions the momentum balance in the inlet shares the characteristics of tidal-dominated and wave-dominated surf zone environments. The changes in the momentum balance caused by waves were manifested both in water level and current variations. The most relevant effect on hydrodynamics was a wave-induced setup in the inner part of the estuary.
Equilibrium currents in chiral systems with nonzero Chern number

We describe a simple quantum-mechanical approach to calculating equilibrium particle current along the edge of a system with nontrivial band spectrum topology. The approach does not require any a priori knowledge of the band topology and, as a matter of fact, treats topological and nontopological contributions to the edge currents on the same footing. We illustrate its usefulness by demonstrating the existence of ``topologically nontrivial'' particle currents along the edges of three different physical systems: two-dimensional electron gas with spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman magnetic field, surface state of a topological insulator, and kagom\'e antiferromagnet with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We describe the relationship of our results to the notion of orbital magnetization.
SUSTAINING GROUP COGNITION IN A MATH CHAT ENVIRONMENT

Learning takes place over long periods of time that are hard to study directly. Even the learning experience involved in solving a challenging math problem in a collaborative online setting can be spread across hundreds of brief postings during an hour or more. Such long-term interactions are constructed out of posting-level interactions, such as the strategic proposition of a next step. This paper identifies a pattern of exchange of postings that it terms math proposal adjacency pair, and describes its characteristics. Drawing on the methodology of conversation analysis, the paper adapts this approach to investigating mathematical problem-solving communication and to the computer-mediated circumstances of online chat. Math proposals and other interaction methods constitute the collaborative group as a working group, give direction to its problem solving and help to sustain its shared meaning making or group cognition. Groups sustain their online social and intellectual work by building up longer sequences of math proposals, other adjacency pairs and a variety of interaction methods. Experiences of collaboration and products of group cognition emerge over time.
Physical Structure and the Electrochromic effect in Tungsten Oxide Films

In all previous studies of tungsten oxide films it has been implicitly assumed that the film is uniform except for grain boundaries in polycrystalline films. In this study we show that amorphous tungsten oxide thin films contain highly anisotropic void networks which not only dominate their physical structure but also control their electrochromic behaviour. The void network structure is controlled primarily through ion bombardment of the growing film during deposition while the film stoichiometry HyWO3−x is controlled by the reactive sputtering processes of tungsten in Ar/O2/H2 atmospheres. The evolutionary growth model of physical structure was studied in detail by both transmission and scanning electron microscopy. On the basis of physical structure-property correlations we are able to consistently explain the basic electrochromic characteristics and chemical stability of the films. Such information leads to better understanding of the problems and limitations inherent in thin film electrochromic devices.
The use of a factory simulation to evaluate a flexible control structure for integrated manufacturing

Once a control structure for an integrated manufacturing system is decided upon, manufacturing activities are limited by that structure. A flexible control structure is presented as an approach for accommodating a variety of manufacturing activities, without being limited to a single control structure. A flexible control structure is one that allows multiple types of control structure in the manufacturing process. The definition and the properties of a flexible control structure are discussed from the point of view of graph theory. The flexible control structure and the alternative control structures are demonstrated with a factory simulation of an automated on-line/post-process inspection system. All the control schemes are evaluated with respect to their fault tolerance characteristics, operability, and expandability. The results of this research indicate that flexible control may be cost effective when a large variety of manufacturing activities must be accommodated, but further research is needed to confirm precisely how wide a range and what types of activities would justify this approach. >
Regulation of NHE3, NKCC2, and NCC abundance in kidney during aldosterone escape phenomenon: role of NO

Escape from aldosterone-induced renal NaCl retention is an important homeostatic mechanism in pathophysiological states in which plasma aldosterone levels are inappropriately elevated, e.g., in pri...
Oral Contraceptives and Ovulatory Causes of Delayed Fertility

The return of fertility for women who discontinue oral contraceptives takes longer as compared with women who discontinue other methods of contraception. It remains unclear, however, whether subsequent fertility differs according to duration or age at first use. The authors performed a nested case-control study within a cohort of 116,686 female registered nurses residing in 14 US states. Baseline information was reported on mailed questionnaires in 1989. Cases comprised 1,917 married nurses without previous pregnancy who were unable to become pregnant for at least 1 year and were subsequently diagnosed with primary ovulatory infertility. Controls comprised 44,521 married parous nurses with no history of infertility and no pregnancies lasting less than 6 months. After allowing for 2 years of suppressed fertility following discontinuation of oral contraceptive use and excluding women with signs of menstrual or hormonal disorder, the authors found that the multivariate relative risk for ovulatory causes of delayed fertility was 1.2 (95% confidence interval 0.7-1.9) for ever users. There was no statistically significant trend of increasing risk with increasing duration of use and younger age at first use. The fact that 88 percent of cases reported an eventual pregnancy by 1993 suggests that absolute fertility was not impaired.
The traveling-wave v-antenna and related antennas

An investigation was made of the traveling-wave V-antenna, which is a combination of a traveling-wave antenna and a V-antenna. This paper includes a description of the antenna, a discussion of the effect on the radiation patterns of variations in such quantities as the loading resistance R , the apex angle \Delta , the length h of the traveling-wave section and the length h_{T} of the standing-wave section. Tests were also made on traveling-wave V-antennas with more than one set of resistors. An excellent agreement between the theory and experiments of the radiation patterns was obtained.
Planning For Your Second Accounting Job

For many accounting students the focus of their fourth or fifth years is finding a job to start them on an exciting and financially rewarding career. Colleges provide significant guidance and direction to these students in the form of internship assistance, resume writing workshops, interview practice, networking events and career guidance. At most campuses public accounting firms are the most visible representative’s students encounter and these firms provide many students their internship and first full-time opportunities. Since Colleges strive to meet the needs of their customers much of the Career Planning focus is on public accounting and certification as a CPA. However, most students are faced with careers that span 40 years or more and few new graduates spend an entire career with their first employer. At some point they find themselves in the job market because of a desire to relocate, to pursue better opportunities, to achieve a better work/life balance or because of corporate reorganizations. Being in the job market with the wrong set of credentials will limit an individuals employment opportunities and lengthen the time required to find an appropriate job. To get a sense of the skills that may be in demand in the future it is helpful to know the degrees and certifications employers are looking for today. Using the on-line job search data bases in four major markets (New York City, Dallas, Los Angeles and Denver) we tabulated the credentials and advanced degrees most often referenced in employment advertisements. These four markets are each serviced by a major newspaper that provides job seekers with free on-line access to jobs advertised in their paper. In addition, these cities are located in states that have implemented the 150 hour requirement (New York and Texas) and in states that have not yet implemented the 150 hour requirement (Colorado and California). The search results can serve as a guide for students and educators who want to be aware of the most sought after credentials and certifications in the current job market. This information may be useful in curriculum decisions and career planning guidance. Information on the most sought after certifications including links to the organization that sponsors the certification, requirements of certification and experience and continuing education requirements is also provided.
The Impact of State Income Taxes on Low-Income Families in 2005

The authors write that the number of states that tax poor families has increased since 2004 because states have not increased their provisions that protect low-income families to keep up with inflation.
The Role of International Law in Canada-United States Relations

This paper explores the role of international law in Canada-US relations. It concludes that, while international legal considerations are only one among many types of factors that influence Canadian or US government policies and decisions, their relations must necessarily be carried out in the context of a broad network of essentially legal arrangements, institutions and procedures. Consequently, any student of Canada-US relations who seeks a comprehensive and realistic understanding of how the two countries deal with each other cannot afford to ignore the role played by international law. More specifically the paper discusses a number of significant ways in which international law helps to shape and order the two countries' mutual relations. These include: (1) the core of basic legal principles, such as the inviolability of borders and sanctity of treaty that form the infrastructure of their relations; (2) the network of more than 200 treaties and agreements as well as many more informal arrangements and understandings which structure and facilitate the millions of transactions that occur and each year between the two countries and their citizens and businesses; (3) the important joint commissions, such as the historically innovative Canada-US International Joint Commission which play a major role in dealing with shared water, boundary, pollution and other problems; and (4) the NAFTA and other trade agreements between the two countries which structure for their trade and investment relations. The paper also suggests that international law may have a special relevance for Canada-US relations and ways of dealing with each other due to such factors as: (1) their common legal culture and close relations between their legal communities; (2) their shared practical "common law" approach to problem-solving; and (3) the two countries' innovative development of a variety of "dispute-avoidance" mechanisms, principally through commitments to advance notification and consultation regarding emerging problems - commitments that are now pervasive in Canada-US agreements and understandings. Indeed, the paper suggests that this principle of advance notification and consultation may be on its way to becoming an expected and relied upon type of behavior - effectively a rule of local customary law - in the way the two countries deal with each other. This paper was delivered at the Inaugural Conference of the Arthur Caplan Research Group in Canada - U.S. Studies at University College, University of Toronto.
A Rejection Technique for the Generation of Random Variables with the Beta Distribution

A new rejection technique is presented for generating beta variates when both parameters are less than one. The method is more efficient and faster than previously published methods when the sum of the parameters is greater than one.
DIFFERENCES IN LEVELS OF CIRCULATING VASOPRESSOR MATERIALS IN DOGS WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC RENAL HYPERTENSION.

SummarySmall amounts of plasma from dogs with acute renal hypertension were shown to contain easily detectable amounts of a vasopressor substance for approximately the first 2 weeks after renal artery constriction. This is consistent with the view that a humoral mechanism plays a role in the origin of the high blood pressure. With our technique the vasopressor material tended to disappear from the blood between 1 and 3 weeks after renal artery clamping and thereafter all assays of plasma for vasopressor activity were negative. Thus, in the dog as in the rat, and for reasons not clear, the acute and chronic stages of experimental renal hypertension differ sharply in respect to recovery of circulating pressor substance. While this finding does not necessarily exclude a humoral system from participating in the pathogenesis of chronic renal hypertension, it indicates that the level per se of circulating vasopressor material is not the critical factor in sustaining the high blood pressure in this stage.
Does Field Reliability for Static-99 Scores Decrease as Scores Increase?

This study examined the field reliability of Static-99 (Hanson & Thornton, 2000) scores among 21,983 sex offenders and focused on whether rater agreement decreased as scores increased. As expected, agreement was lowest for high-scoring offenders. Initial and most recent Static-99 scores were identical for only about 40% of offenders who had been assigned a score of 6 during their initial evaluations, but for more than 60% of offenders who had been assigned a score of 2 or lower. In addition, the size of the difference between scores increased as scores increased, with pairs of scores differing by 2 or more points for about 30% of offenders scoring in the high-risk range. Because evaluators and systems use high Static-99 scores to identify sexual offenders who may require intensive supervision or even postrelease civil commitment, it is important to recognize that there may be more measurement error for high scores than low scores and to consider adopting procedures for minimizing or accounting for measurement error.
The Complex Web of Health: Relationships among Chronic Conditions, Disability, and Health Services:

Objectives. A critical issue in health-care reform concerns how to realign health-care delivery systems to manage medical care services for people with ongoing and costly needs for care. We examined the overlapping health-care needs of two such population groups among the U.S. working-age population (those aged 18–64 years): people with chronic medical conditions and people with disabilities. Methods. Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2002–2004), we examined differences in health status, service use, and access to care among and between working-age adults reporting disabilities and/or one or more chronic conditions. We also analyzed people with three key chronic conditions: arthritis, diabetes, and depression. Results. More than half of working-age people with disabilities reported having more than one chronic condition. Among those with activities of daily living or instrumental activities of daily living limitations, 35% reported four or more chronic conditions at a time. We found considerable variability in access problems and service use depending on how we accounted for the overlap of multiple conditions among people with arthritis, diabetes, and depression. However, disability consistently predicted higher emergency department use, higher hospitalization rates, and greater access problems. Conclusions. The overall prevalence of chronic conditions among the U.S. working-age population, coupled with the high concentration of multiple chronic conditions among those with disabilities, underscores the importance of reforming health-care delivery systems to provide person-centered care over time. New policy-relevant measures that transcend diagnosis are required to track the ongoing needs for health services that these populations present.
Analysis of cigarette smoking status and its influence factors for college students in Nanjing

Objective To study the status and influencing factors of smoking among college students in Nanjing,and provide basis for drawing interventional measures.Methods A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 183 students,who were chosen from five universities in Nanjing by using stratified cluster multistage sampling.Results The college students’smoking rate was 13.9%,and the rate for male students(24.4%)was siguificanthy higher than female students(4.1%)(P0.01),the rate of smoking every day and occasional cigarette smoking were 3.6%and 10.3%respectively.Gender,school type and per month consumption in an average was found as the main factors of affecting college students’smoking by using multivariable logistic regression analysis.Conclusion College students’smoking rate is high.Various forms of smoking interventions in campus should be taken to control smoking behavior.
The application of USB to intelligent instruments

This paper presents a new applied scheme of the USB interface technology,in order to solve the problem of the conventional RS232 communication in intelligent instrument by taking the C8051F340 MCU with USB function controller as hardware platform.The hardware structure and the working principle of the USB interface technology are described.The design process of a firmware program for the USB system is also given.The paper gives a brief introduction about the designing of both the USB driver and the application program.
Design and Outcomes of a Comprehensive Care Experience Level System to Evaluate and Monitor Dental Students' Clinical Progress

A Comprehensive Care Experience Level (CCEL) system that is aligned with Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) standards, promotes comprehensive care and prevention, and addresses flaws observed in previous Relative Value Units (RVU)-based programs has been implemented at the School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University since 2011. The purpose of this article is to report on the design, implementation, and preliminary outcomes of this novel clinical evaluation system. With the development of the CCEL concept, it was decided not to award points for procedures performed on competency exams. The reason behind this decision was that exams are not learning opportunities and are evaluated with summative tools. To determine reasonable alternative requirements, production data from previous classes were gathered and translated into CCEL points. These RVU points had been granted selectively only for restorative procedures completed after the initial preparation stage of the treatment plan, and achievement of the required levels was checked at multiple points during the clinical curriculum. Results of the CCEL system showed that low performing students increased their productivity, overall production at graduation increased significantly, and fluoride utilization to prevent caries rose by an order of magnitude over the RVU system. The CCEL program also allowed early identification and remediation of students having difficulty in the clinic. This successful implementation suggests that the CCEL concept has the potential for widespread adoption by dental schools. This method also can be used as a behavior modification tool to achieve specific patient care or clinical educational goals as illustrated by the way caries prevention was promoted through the program.
Tunable Liaisons: eEF-2K, CaM, and Calcium

In this issue of Structure, Lee et al. (2016) perform NMR analysis of calmodulin (CaM) binding to the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF-2K). They find that eEF-2K interacts mainly with the C lobe of CaM in a Ca2+-tunable manner, revealing a high level of control in cellular homeostasis.
Identifying the role technologists may play in meeting compliance with the PET PROS Elements of PET/CT Reporting guidelines.

2826 Objectives Guidelines have been recommended by the SNMMI for PET/CT imaging via the PET PROS (PET Professional Resources & Outreach Services), outlining information that should be included in a PET/CT report. There are 22 elements which are categorized into the headings of clinical history, procedure, comparison, and findings. Of these headings, a technologist should provide all the information in the procedure section (13/22 elements) via some type of technologist form a physician can use during reading. The purpose of this study was to identify compliance of 7 PET/CT imaging sites in the St. Louis metropolitan area to the 13 Technologist influenced PET PROS elements of PET/CT Reporting guidelines. Methods A blank PET/CT patient history form and a de-identified PET/CT patient report were collected from each of the 7 sites. This included: gov’t(1), academic (2), community(3), and mobile PET/CT sites (1). From the PET PROS guidelines, we identified 13 / 22 elements that a technologist plays a vital role in collecting and transmitting to reading physicians for report dictation . The patient history forms and anonymous PET/CT reports were analyzed from each site to determine if any of the elements from the guidelines were absent. Results Upon review of the documents and comparison to the PET PROS guidelines, 4/7 (57%) of the sites reviewed were in full compliance of technologist reporting. Of the remaining 3 sites (43%), 2 sites failed to report uptake time and several sites had scattered deficiencies in CT contrast reporting (noncontrast, iodinated i.v. contrast type and amount, and oral contrast type and amount). Conclusions Overall, 100% adherence to the PET POS reporting guidelines was noted in only 4/7 (57%) St. Louis PET/CT sites. Potentially vital information such as uptake times and contrast administration details were absent in 3/7 (43%) of reviewed sites. Identifying deficiencies and educating both technologists and physicians on its importance in PET/CT reporting can lead to improved communication and accuracy in PET/CT reporting.
Participant retention practices in longitudinal clinical research studies with high retention rates

There is a need for improving cohort retention in longitudinal studies. Our objective was to identify cohort retention strategies and implementation approaches used in studies with high retention rates. Longitudinal studies with ≥200 participants, ≥80% retention rates over ≥1 year of follow-up were queried from an Institutional Review Board database at a large research-intensive U.S. university; additional studies were identified through networking. Nineteen (86%) of 22 eligible studies agreed to participate. Through in-depth semi-structured interviews, participants provided retention strategies based on themes identified from previous literature reviews. Synthesis of data was completed by a multidisciplinary team. The most commonly used retention strategies were: study reminders, study visit characteristics, emphasizing study benefits, and contact/scheduling strategies. The research teams were well-functioning, organized, and persistent. Additionally, teams tailored their strategies to their participants, often adapting and innovating their approaches. These studies included specialized and persistent teams and utilized tailored strategies specific to their cohort and individual participants. Studies’ written protocols and published manuscripts often did not reflect the varied strategies employed and adapted through the duration of study. Appropriate retention strategy use requires cultural sensitivity and more research is needed to identify how strategy use varies globally.
Access disparities to Magnet hospitals for patients undergoing neurosurgical operations.

Abstract Background Centers of excellence focusing on quality improvement have demonstrated superior outcomes for a variety of surgical interventions. We investigated the presence of access disparities to hospitals recognized by the Magnet Recognition Program of the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) for patients undergoing neurosurgical operations. Methods We performed a cohort study of all neurosurgery patients who were registered in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database from 2009 to 2013. We examined the association of African-American race and lack of insurance with Magnet status hospitalization for neurosurgical procedures. A mixed effects propensity adjusted multivariable regression analysis was used to control for confounding. Results During the study period, 190,535 neurosurgical patients met the inclusion criteria. Using a multivariable logistic regression, we demonstrate that African-Americans had lower admission rates to Magnet institutions (OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.58–0.67). This persisted in a mixed effects logistic regression model (OR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.70–0.83) to adjust for clustering at the patient county level, and a propensity score adjusted logistic regression model (OR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.69–0.82). Additionally, lack of insurance was associated with lower admission rates to Magnet institutions (OR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.68–0.73), in a multivariable logistic regression model. This persisted in a mixed effects logistic regression model (OR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.69–0.74), and a propensity score adjusted logistic regression model (OR 0.72; 95% CI, 0.69–0.75). Conclusions Using a comprehensive all-payer cohort of neurosurgery patients in New York State we identified an association of African-American race and lack of insurance with lower rates of admission to Magnet hospitals.
Diversifying counsellor education: a case study of U.S. students of colour

Due to limited research on the experiences of students of colour in counselling programmes, counsellor educators are ill-equipped to implement strategies to promote the graduation of students of co...
Antipsychotic augmentation for major depressive disorder: A review of clinical practice guidelines

Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are seen as the gold standard of evidence-based care. Because of their influence, these guidelines can have profound legal and economic effects. Despite their proliferation and influence, the trustworthiness and quality of guidelines have been seriously questioned and they have been implicated as drivers of overtreatment. In the U.S, augmentation with second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) is becoming an increasingly common strategy for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) when initial antidepressant treatment does not result in remission of symptoms. However, there is debate about the evidence for augmentation and whether this strategy is a form of overtreatment. We conducted a systematic search to identify treatment guidelines for MDD. Fourteen international guidelines met inclusion criteria and we reviewed them to determine: 1) if augmentation with SGAs was recommended for patients who did not respond to antidepressant medication; 2) what evidence was cited for the recommendation for or against augmentation; 3) the extent to which the guidelines addressed risk/benefit concerns when making their recommendations. There was significant variation among the CPGs regarding the recommendation to augment with antipsychotic medication for Major Depressive Disorder. Seven guidelines explicitly recommended augmentation with antipsychotics; 1 guideline reviewed the evidence but neither recommended for nor against; 1 guideline did not make a clear recommendation; 2 guidelines explicitly recommended against augmentation; and 3 guidelines did not address augmentation with antipsychotics as a potential treatment strategy. There was wide variation in terms of attention to risk/benefit issues and to the conditions under which augmentation should be considered. The results are discussed in terms of the implications for risk management and informed consent practices.
Iridium Catalysts for Acceptorless Dehydrogenation of Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids: Scope and Mechanism

We introduce iridium-based conditions for the conversion of primary alcohols to potassium carboxylates (or carboxylic acids) in the presence of potassium hydroxide and either [Ir(2-PyCH2(C4H5N2))(COD)]OTf (1) or [Ir(2-PyCH2PBu2t)(COD)]OTf (2). The method provides both aliphatic and benzylic carboxylates in high yield and with outstanding functional group tolerance. We illustrate the application of this method to a diverse variety of primary alcohols, including those involving heterocycles and even free amines. Complex 2 reacts with alcohols to form the crystallographically characterized catalytic intermediates [IrH(η1,η3-C8H12)(2-PyCH2PtBu2)] (2a) and [Ir2H3(CO)(2-PyCH2PtBu2){μ-(C5H3N)CH2PtBu2}] (2c). The unexpected similarities in reactivities of 1 and 2 in this reaction, along with synthetic studies on several of our iridium intermediates, enable us to form a general proposal of the mechanisms of catalyst activation that govern the disparate reactivities of 1 and 2, respectively, in glycerol and formic ...
Mathematical Programming Techniques for Designing Minimum Cost Pipeline Networks for CO2 Sequestration

Publisher Summary This chapter describes a mathematical model for a pipeline infrastructure for CO2 sequestration and utilizes various mathematical programming techniques to find minimum cost strategies for building and operating this pipeline network. The greenhouse gas emissions from direct combustion of fuels can be greatly reduced if they are replaced with hydrogen produced from fossil sources, and if hydrogen production is coupled with capture and secure sequestration of the resulting CO2 at storage sites such as aquifers and depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. The transportation of CO2 from fossil hydrogen plants to sequestration sites can be accomplished via a pipeline network. The design of this pipeline is an important aspect of the overall energy network. It has been proposed that the CO2 produced at sources such as fossil energy conversion facilities and industrial process plants could be captured, compressed to supercritical pressures, transported via pipelines, and stored in underground geologic formations such as depleted oil and natural gas reservoirs and deep saline aquifers. A nonlinear model of the CO2 pipeline system is described, with appropriate constraints, and the lowest cost system is found using a state-of-the-art nonlinear optimization software called LOQO. The chapter also presents ways to model the behavior of the system over time, and to model the impact of uncertainties.
Co Interferometric Maps of CIT 6 and CRL 618

We present CO (1–0) interferometer maps of carbon star, CIT 6, and carbon rich proto-planetary nebula, CRL618. Both objects were mapped with the BerekeleyIllinois-Maryland millimeter array (BIMA). The resulting resolution is ~ 4”; and structure larger than ~ 1’ is completely filtered out. Two velocity resolutions were employed; 0.4 km s-1 and 0.8 km s-1 permitting a velocity coverage of 52 and 104 km s-1. We find evidence for non-spherical expanding envelopes in both objects. The interferometer detected all the single dish CO flux in CRL618 (840 Jy km s-1), and 70% of the CO flux in CIT 6 (or 1030 Jy km s-1). For CIT 6, we obtained single dish maps at the NRAO 12m to measure the zero spacing flux distribution. We measure an envelope diameter of 90” (2.6 × 1017 at 190 pc) for CIT 6 and 15” (4.5 × 1017 at 2 kpc) for CRL 618 and expansion velocities of 17 km s-1 for both. The small scale structure seen by the interferometer in CIT 6 has a core and an elongation to the SW. We interpret this elongation as the beginning of an equatorial density enhancement and predict that that CIT 6 will evolve into a bipolar planetary nebula. In CRL 618, the elongated structure seen in CO is perpendicular to the optical reflection nebula, which has an east-west orientation. Hence the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) wind appears as an expanding waist band around this bipolar nebula giving credence to the idea that equatorial density enhancements in AGB winds produce bipolar planetary nebulae (Balick 1987).
Health Systems and Policymaking as the “Price Is Right”

A popular example of public deliberations is the game show with audience participation. In order for a decision to be labeled dynamic, the cliff hanger decisions are made in “real time” and are dependent on previous actions (guesses). Social-based decisions are influenced by people such as advocates, the ecstatic contestants, as they await their chance to bid on a policy. The policy cannot be imposed upon a public without acknowledging that a public will reuptake or deflect based on valued judgments and decisions. The public wants to be heard but the balance between public sentiment and political plausibility is often at odds.
Der ideale Kreisprozeβ in der Kälteanlage

Bei den warmetechnischen Vorgangen sind nicht nur die Veranderungen von Druck, Temperatur und Volumen von Wichtigkeit, sondern auch das Verhalten einer weiteren Zustandsgrose, die von Clausius den Namen Entropie (Verwandlungswert) erhalten hat.
Molly Bloom’s nostalgic reverie: a phenomenology of Modernist longing

ABSTRACTI propose to reverse the prevailing understanding of the novel’s concluding episode, “Penelope,” as affirming and optimistic, and instead situate it as the wellspring of Modernist nostalgia...
Compliance of Maternal Health Educational Intervention in Urban Slums in India

India contributes one fifth to the global burden of maternal mortality, which is a mostly preventable health outcome. The government of India and the city legislators of Mumbai have been working to reduce the number of maternal and infant deaths in the urban poor communities by innovative governmental health programs and improving of the healthcare system, yet due to the low female literacy rate of 65% in the nation just population based programs combat only some aspects of the program. The Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Action (SNEHA), a Mumbai based non-profit, aims to work with women in vulnerable communities through one on one home-based educational intervention through local community workers. Literature reviews on educational intervention and health promotion stressed on the success of community health worker programs.This thesis aims to study the factors that lead to maternal compliance or non-compliance to educational intervention by the community workers in SNEHA. This was done through qualitative interviews with a random set of beneficiaries of the SNEHA’s Maternal and Newborn Health promotion program. The beneficiaries were asked questions about compliance of medical check ups, vaccination, and other factors of maternal and infant health. The conclusions of the thesis show that increased maternal compliance is related to better relationships with thecommunity organizers, and the negative perceptions of the public medical providers leads to lower compliance of medical check-ups.
Physical medicine and rehabilitation. Lecture 21. Exercise, 3.

Postural training will be wasted unless the exercises are repeated until correct posture becomes automatic. Training in coordination should be under the direct control of a therapist who can correct errors before they become part of the motor pattern.
TCTAP C-030 Crack then Break

### Patient Initials or Identifier Number CWT ### Relevant Clinical History and Physical Exam This 54-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease status post-percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation. He suffered from intermittent chest
Asymptotique des nombres de Betti des vari\'et\'es arithm\'etiques

We study the question of the growth of Betti numbers of certain arithmetic varieties in tower of congruence coverings. In fact, our results are about Siegel varieties and varieties associated to orthogonal groups. We explain how a theorem of Waldspurger can be used to obtain lower and upper bound. Our results are in the direction of conjectures made by Sarnak and Xue.
An intelligent protection scheme to deal with extreme fault currents in smart power systems

Abstract In modern power systems, the generation capacity is increasing significantly for responding to high electric energy demands. This generation expansion directly affects the level of short circuit in transmission systems and increases the fault current magnitude, which may pass the breaking capacity of circuit breakers. To deal with extreme fault currents in power systems, an intelligent protection scheme is proposed in this paper, which removes the necessity of installing expensive fault current limiters. This protection scheme uses communication capabilities defined in IEC 61850 to design smart cascading switching actions to isolate the faulty part of the system. In fact, it is a supervisory protection algorithm in addition to the conventional distance protection, which is the main protection of HV transmission systems. This protection is activated if the fault current is higher than breaking capacity of circuit breakers; otherwise, the conventional distance protection is responsible to clear the fault. Numerical results obtained from implementing the proposed protection algorithm in a 400 kV system demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in terms of fault clearing time, stability margin improvement and power system economy.
Improved control over polymer nanofiber deposition with a programmable 3-axis electrospinning apparatus

Abstract We built an electrospinning apparatus that integrates conventional electrospinning components with an FDM 3D-printing configuration, including real-time 3-axis control to improve accuracy and precision in nanofiber deposition over conventional far-field electrospinning. We motion-synced the spinneret needle and ground needle, incorporated a silver-coated stabilizer on the spinneret needle, and placed an aluminum-surfaced disc on the ground needle. Tests were executed to optimize accurate and precise, dry nanofiber collection at a typical flow rate and applied voltages. Our computer-controlled prototype maintained typical nanofiber characteristics obtained with far-field electrospinning while demonstrating it is capable of accurate stationary deposition and dynamic geometric patterning.
The reproduction of reproduction: theorizing reproductive (im)mobilities

Through a reading of the articles gathered in this special issue, this commentary seeks to assess how critical research on reproductive processes, spatialities, temporalities, and assemblages can p...
Initial Potential-based Time Domain Surface Integral Equations for Dielectric Regions

The A-Φ formulation has been proposed as a new paradigm for deriving computational electromagnetics methods with no low frequency breakdown, and that are more directly applicable to coupling into quantum physics problems of interest. This formulation utilizes equations developed in terms of the magnetic vector potential (A) and electric scalar potential (Φ), which are deemed more fundamental quantities for quantum applications than the electric and magnetic fields. Further, computational electromagnetics solvers developed from the A-Φformulation have been successful at overcoming many of the inherent multiscale limitations that exist for field-based solvers. This has been shown in recent work, where time domain integral equations (TDIEs) applicable to perfect electric conductor (PEC) objects were shown to be stable and accurate over broad frequency ranges. However, many quantum electromagnetics applications of interest are pursued at optical frequencies where approximating metals as PEC is no longer acceptable. Instead, these regions are more appropriately described with a Drude-Lorentz-Sommerfeld model; and so computational electromagnetics solvers applicable to multiscale geometries that can analyze these regions over very broad frequency ranges are needed. This current work begins to address this need by presenting for the first time in either frequency or time domain a set of A-Φ formulation surface integral equations applicable to simple, loss-free dielectric regions. To do this, we derive TDIEs based on recently developed integral representation of solutions to the wave equations for A and Φ. A rigorous functional framework that was used to analyze the stability of the PEC A-Φ formulation TDIEs is leveraged to determine appropriate combinations of integral equations and unknowns so that stable marching-on-in-time discretization approaches for the dielectric TDIEs can be developed here. The result is a set of A-Φ formulation TDIEs with appropriate discretization guidelines that can accurately and stably analyze dielectric regions at middle frequencies. Although not applicable at very low frequencies, these equations provide an essential step toward this goal by determining a baseline for combinations of equations and unknowns for dielectric regions within this formulation.
Cigarette smoke induction of S100A9 contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) is elevated in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and aging enhances S100A9 expre...
Cardiac Biventricular Metastasis From Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Secondary cardiac tumors are much more common than primary tumors. Cardiac metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare and can present many years after the patient has been disease-free. We report the case of a 64-year-old man who had been treated for recurrent metastatic RCC. He presented with shortness of breath, and TEE (transthoracic echocardiography) revealed new biventricular hypertrophy and small-to-moderate circumferential pericardial effusion. Cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrated multiple lesions in both the ventricular walls, highly suspicious for metastasis. A tissue biopsy was obtained, which was inconclusive due to the small sample size. The patient's disease progressively worsened, and, subsequently, he died from cardiac and respiratory failure secondary to the underlying advanced metastatic disease. Cardiac metastasis from RCC is rare and has a wide range of presentations. Metastatic RCC tends to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Systemic therapy (immunotherapy, molecularly targeted agents) and surgery may have a role in these patients depending on the extent of disease and sites of involvement.