cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of Action of Antisecretory Drugs: Studies on Isolated Canine Fundic Mucosal Cells

Cellular mechanisms underlying the actions of antisecretory agents were studied with dispersed canine fundic cells; aminopyrine accumulation monitored parietal cell (PC) function. Canine PC have pharmacologically typical histamine (H) H2 and muscarinic (M) receptors. PC also have gastrin (G) receptors, which were selectively blocked by gastrin/CCK antagonists. Potentiating interactions occurred between secretagogues, one of the components of the interdependency between regulatory pathways. Prostaglandins (PG) E2 inhibited H-stimulated PC function. Treatment of PC with pertussis toxin (PT), which inactivates the inhibitory GTP-binding protein of adenylate cyclase (Gi), markedly reduced PG inhibition, indicating PG action via Gi. PC function can also be directly inhibited by H+/K+-ATPase inhibitors, such as omeprazole. When canine mucosal cells were studied, stimulatory G and inhibitory M receptors were present on fundic somatostatin (S) cells. Histamine was localized to canine fundic mast cells, which lacked G or M receptors, a conclusion that may not pertain to fundic histamine cells in other species. Nonparietal cell receptors may be important modulators of the regulation of acid secretion.
Clostridium septicum growth from a total knee arthroplasty associated with intestinal malignancy: a case report

Background Previous reports of infection with Clostridium septicum have identified an unexpected association with concurrent malignancy. The reported rate of associated malignancy has been found to be as high as 81 percent. The purpose of this case report was to present a case of a total knee arthroplasty infected with C. septicum and the subsequent finding of an occult colonic malignancy.
Fundamental tradeoffs in vehicular ad hoc networks

Due to their advantages in terms of safety, efficiency and comfort, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have recently drawn the attention of researchers from among a wide spectrum of engineering fields. Although transportation and communications engineers have independently delved into issues related with vehicular networks, analyzing them from their own perspectives; the void of a more comprehensive study which blends the theory of the two and seeks to address their mutual dependencies, is evident in the current literature. In this paper we initiate this surge by studying the interactions of traffic flow, safety and communications capacity within a simple transportation system. To that end we first render mathematical realizations for such criteria and study how the new technology can affect them and their mutual interactions. More specifically, the tradeoffs inherent in the capacity-flow and flow-safety relations have been analyzed. Our study helps foresee the effect of the gradual introduction of communications-enabled vehicles on the safety and efficiency of transportation networks before their actual deployment.
The role of medical education in reducing health care disparities: the first ten years of the UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program.

BACKGROUND The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)/Charles R. Drew University Medical Education Program was developed to train physicians for practice in underserved areas. The UCLA/Drew Medical Education Program students receive basic science instruction at UCLA and complete their required clinical rotations in South Los Angeles, an impoverished urban community. We have previously shown that, in comparison to their UCLA counterparts, students in the Drew program had greater odds of maintaining their commitment to medically disadvantaged populations over the course of medical education.
Tribochemical Study of Hydrogenated Carbon Coatings With Different Hydrogen Content Levels in Ultra High Vacuum

Hydrogenated carbon films (CH x ) with different hydrogen content percentages have been examined. Drag tests on CH x coated disks, using 50 percent Al 2 O 3 /TiC sliders, with and without carbon coating on the slider air bearing surfaces (ABS), were conducted in an ultra high vacuum chamber equipped with a mass spectrometer. Mass fragments of lubricant released from the head disk interfaces were recorded in real time along with friction measurements. The results show that a higher hydrogen content in the carbon overcoat can improve wear durability by reducing the friction coefficient and affecting the chemical reactions between the sliders and the lubricant. A carbon overcoat on the slider ABS can protect Z-dol lubricant from catalytic reaction with the Al 2 O 3 in the slider material. The wear durability at the head disk interface is controlled by combined mechanical and chemical factors, which are defined by the atomic structures of the contacting surfaces.
The many guises of victim impact evidence and effects on jurors' Judgments

Abstract Victims of crime are frequently given the opportunity to describe the impact of that crime at the sentencing hearings of their offenders. This information (typically referred to as victim impact evidence) may convey the physical, psychological, and/or financial impact of the crime on victims or survivors, victims' or survivors' opinions about the crime and the offender, and, in murder cases, information about the personal qualities of the deceased. There is heated debate about the use of victim impact statements in capital cases: proponents reason that jurors should know the extent of the harm caused by the offender; critics argue that this evidence infuses the trial with highly emotional and prejudicial information. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of various forms of victim impact evidence on mock jurors in a capital case. Results showed that different forms of victim impact evidence exert subtle and differential influences on jurors' sentiments about the victim and the victi...
Medical culture and communication

AbstractMiscommunication among providers more frequently contributes to medical error than lack of skill or knowledge. The consequences of miscommunication are well documented, but there is less knowledge about what factors contribute to physicians’ miscommunication. The purpose of this study was to explore if cultural communication variables found in other populations were evident in data obtained from a sample of physicians. Measurement of medical culture variables that contribute to physicians’ communication provides greater knowledge of potential sources of miscommunication among physicians. The variables were measured with survey data collected from a sample of anesthesiologists and surgeons. Fifty-nine respondents participated in this exploratory study of cultural communication variables. Confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, and independent sample t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results suggested that there is evidence of cultural communication variables in the sample of a...
CONTROL OF PROLONGED, BENIGN, RENAL HEMATURIA BY SILVER NITRATE INSTILLATION

Four patients with protracted benign hematuria underwent silver nitrate instillation of the upper collecting system. The doses varied from 10 ml. of 0.25 per cent silver nitrate to 14 ml. of 1 per cent silver nitrate. In all 4 cases the hematuria resolved within four days without significant complications. At follow-up extending from three to twenty-four months there have been no recurrences of gross hematuria. Silver nitrate instillation appears to be a safe and effective method of treating benign renal hematuria, thus obviating the need for extirpative surgery.
Forced Oscillations of a Damped Korteweg-de Vries Equation in a Quarter Plane

Laboratory experiments have shown that when nonlinear, dispersive waves are forced periodically from one end of an undisturbed stretch of the medium of propagation, the signal eventually becomes temporally periodic at each spatial point. It is our purpose here to establish this as a fact at least in the context of a damped Korteweg-de Vries equation. Thus, consideration is given to the initial-boundary-value problem For this problem, it is shown that if the small amplitude, boundary forcing h is periodic of period T, say, then the solution u of (*) is eventually periodic of period T. More precisely, we show for each x > 0, that u(x, t + T) - u(x, t) converges to zero exponentially as t → ∞. Viewing (*) (without the initial condition) as an infinite dimensional dynamical system in the Hilbert space Hs(R+) for suitable values of s, we also demonstrate that for a given, small amplitude time-periodic boundary forcing, the system (*) admits a unique limit cycle, or forced oscillation (a solution of (*) without the initial condition that is exactly periodic of period T). Furthermore, we show that this limit cycle is globally exponentially stable. In other words, it comprises an exponentially stable attractor for the infinite-dimensional dynamical system described by (*).
A comparative market survey of liquid crystal displays: the United States, Japan and Europe

Abstract The earliest LCD principle to find commercial application was the dynamic scattering mode (DSM) based on ideas proposed by an American group of scientists in 1968. Three years later a Swiss group succeeded in making a vital contribution to the prosperity of the LCD industry by suggesting field effect-twisted nematic (TN)LCCDs, which eventually created a large-volume LCD market. In the meantime, Japan introduced both DSM and TN LCD technologies and now supplies a major proportion of the world's LCD market. But for chemical compounds, it is the Europeans who have long dominated, almost exclusively, the international market of basic LC materials. With stable markets, most LCD manufacturers are now putting a lot of emphasis on their research into dot matrix technology and colour-— mainlyguest-host —LCDs.
Cooperative Setting for Long-Range Linkage of Ca2+ Bindingand ATP Synthesis in the Ca2+ ATPase

Abstract High-affinity and cooperative binding of two Ca 2+ per ATPase (SERCA) occurs within the membrane-bound region of the enzyme. Direct measurements of binding at various Ca 2+ concentrations demonstrate that site-directed mutations within this region interfere selectively with Ca 2+ occupancy of either one or both binding sites and with the cooperative character of the binding isotherms. A transition associated with high affinity and cooperative binding of the second Ca 2+ and the engagement of N796 and E309 are both required to form a phosphoenzyme intermediate with ATP in the forward direction of the cycle and also to form ATP from phosphoenzyme intermediate and ADP in the reverse direction of the cycle. This transition, defined by equilibrium and kinetic characterization of the partial reactions of the enzyme cycle, extends from transmembrane helices to the catalytic site through a long-range linkage and is the mechanistic device for interconversion of binding and phosphorylation potentials.
Development of active oxide catalysts for the direct oxidation of methane to formaldehyde

Abstract Formaldehyde is currently produced from methane by a three-step process involving H2/CO synthesis gas and methanol as intermediates, and development of a single-step process would have great economic incentive for producing this commodity chemical. A historical perspective is presented here in regard to the research carried out with heterogeneous metal oxide catalysts in attempts to achieve selective oxidative conversion of methane to formaldehyde. The concepts employed, both chemical and engineering, are described, and these include dual redox promoters and double-bed catalysts. More recent work in this laboratory has found V2O5/SiO2 catalysts to be very active partial oxidation catalysts. The space-time yield of and selectivity toward formaldehyde are improved by the presence of steam in the methane/air reactant mixture, and an attractive feature of the product mixture is the low quantity of carbon dioxide produced. Space-time yields of >1.2 kg CH2O/kg catalyst per h have been achieved.
Stereo person tracking with adaptive plan-view templates of height and occupancy statistics

Abstract As the cost of computing per-pixel depth imagery from stereo cameras in real time has fallen rapidly in recent years, interest in using stereo vision for person tracking has greatly increased. Methods that attempt to track people directly in these ‘camera-view’ depth images are confronted by their substantial amounts of noise and unreliable data. Some recent methods have therefore found it useful to first compute overhead, ‘plan-view’ statistics of the depth data, and then track people in images of these statistics. We describe a new combination of plan-view statistics that better represents the shape of tracked objects and provides a more robust substrate for person detection and tracking than prior plan-view algorithms. We also introduce a new method of plan-view person tracking, using adaptive statistical templates and Kalman prediction. Adaptive templates provide more detailed models of tracked objects than prior choices such as Gaussians, and we illustrate that the typical problems with template-based tracking in camera-view images are easily avoided in a plan-view framework. We compare results of our method with those for techniques using different plan-view statistics or person models, and find our method to exhibit superior tracking through challenging phenomena such as complex inter-person occlusions and close interactions. Reasonable values for most system parameters may be derived from physically measurable quantities such as average person dimensions.
Flexibility of single-stranded DNA: use of gapped duplex helices to determine the persistence lengths of Poly(dT) and Poly(dA)

The forces responsible for the formation and stabilization of secondary and higher-order nucleic acid structure can be more fully understood once the sequence-dependent properties (e.g. intrinsic rigidity, effective rise) of the component single-stranded species are well-defined. Knowledge of the conformations of the single-stranded polymers is also important for the development of better polyelectrolyte models for various structural or strand-dissociation reactions. However, there is at present little quantitative information regarding the sequence dependence of either rise or rigidity in single-stranded DNA or RNA polymers. To address this issue, we describe a form of transient electric birefringence (TEB) measurement in which the rotational decay times (taugap) of DNA molecules possessing central, single-stranded regions (gaps) are compared with the corresponding times (taudplx) for duplex control molecules of the same length (in nucleotides per strand) as the continuous strand in the "gapped duplex". For magnesium ion concentrations above 1-2 mM, the tau ratios ( identical withtaugap/taudplx) for the gapped duplexes reach plateau values, above which no further change in tau ratio is observed; values for the persistence length (P) and internucleotide spacing (h) of the gap sequences are obtained from the experimental tau ratios. For dTn, the permissible ranges of P and h are 20-30 A and 5-7 A per nucleotide (nt), respectively, with optimal values of 31 A (P) and 5. 2 A/nt (h). For dAn, the persistence length for the low temperature (4 degreesC), stacked form is 78 (+/-8) A for a helix rise of 3.2 A/nt. One significant advantage of the current method over previous approaches is the use of short (80-100 nt) molecules, thus facilitating the production of various gap sequences through synthetic means.
Effects of level of meditation experience on attentional focus: is the efficiency of executive or orientation networks improved?

The present investigation examined the contributions of specific attentional networks to long-term trait effects of meditation. It was hypothesized that meditation could improve the efficiency of executive processing (inhibits prepotent/incorrect responses) or orientational processing (orients to specific objects in the attentional field). Participants (50 meditators and 10 controls) were given the Stroop (measures executive attention) and Global-Local Letters (measures orientational attention) tasks. Results showed that meditation experience was associated with reduced interference on the Stroop task (p < 0.03), in contrast with a lack of effect on interference in the Global-Local Letters task. This suggests that meditation produces long-term increases in the efficiency of the executive attentional network (anterior cingulate/prefrontal cortex) but no effect on the orientation network (parietal systems). The amount of time participants spent meditating each day, rather than the total number of hours of m...
A sensitive bioassay for spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) repellency: a double bond makes a difference

Choice bioassays were used to determine repellency of homologous n-alkanes (C8H18–C21H44) to spider mites. When tested at 400 μg/cm2, the C15–C19 alkanes were highly repellent; the C16 n-alkane, n-hexadecane, was most repellent. Subsequently the EC50 values, the concentration at which 50% of the mites were repelled, were determined for the C15–C19 n-alkanes and their analogous 1-n-alkenes (C15H30–C19H38). The EC50 value for 1-heptadecene, the C17 1-n-alkene, was the lowest observed. Except for the 17-carbon hydrocarbons, the EC50 values for the n-alkanes were less than those for their analogous 1-n-alkenes. Depending on the compounds evaluated, there was as much as a six-fold difference of repellency between an n-alkane its analogous 1-n-alkene. Thus, the bioassay has sufficient sensitivity to detect behavioral differences associated with the presence or absence of a single double bond. The EC50 values for the most repellent hydrocarbons were similar to that reported for 2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, a naturally occurring repellent isolated from trichome secretions of a wild tomato, Solanum habrochaites, and also were similar to concentrations used to evaluate arthropod repellents. Consequently, this bioassay may be useful for providing a better understanding of the relationships between structures and activities of natural products that are repellent to spider mites.
Pathways by which SES and ethnicity influence cardiovascular disease risk factors.

: Little is known about pathways by which socioeconomic status (SES) translates into individual differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Because the socioeconomic structure is not the same for all ethnic subgroups, the pathways that lead to the development of CVD risk factors may vary by both SES and ethnicity. We used data from a large national survey to examine the independent associations of two indicators of SES (education and income) and ethnicity with six primary CVD risk factors. We then used data on smoking that reflected a temporal sequence to examine the extent to which SES and ethnicity influenced smoking at three different time points, from smoking onset, to a serious quit attempt, to successful quitting. These analyses provide an understanding of the relationships between SES, ethnicity, and CVD risk factors and suggest that if the timing, focus, and content of intervention programs take pathways into account they will result in more successful outcomes.
Small polypeptide components of the Bacillus thuringiensis parasporal crystalline inclusion.

Abstract The bipyramidal protein crystals isolated from sporulated Bacillus thuringiensis cells can be solubilized in 8M urea-0.5% dithiothreitol to yield components of very low molecular weight. The principal fraction of the solubilized crystal protein elutes from Sephadex G-15 after bacitracin (mol. wt. 1.4 × 103). Sedimentation equilibrium experiments indicate a molecular weight of approximately 1.4 × 103. Electrophoresis of the solubilized crystal protein on 7% polyacrylamide gels containing 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate reveals two major bands, one which migrates slightly behind bromophenol blue and a secondary band which moves slightly ahead of the dye front.
Predictive and diagnostic tests of renal failure: A review

Postoperative acute renal insufficiency is a discouraging complication with a mortality rate that remains persistently high, despite improved techniques of dialysis and advances in the perioperative management of hemodynamic, metabolic, and infective complications. A complete understanding of the role of renal hemodynamics in the pathophysiology of acute renal failure still has not emerged. Serial determination of creatinine clearance is currently the most sensitive test for predicting the onset of perioperative renal dysfunction; however, the test is not practical for measuring renal function under operating room conditions. Furthermore, testing creatinine clearance is time-consuming, labor intensive, and may cause significant delay in identifying the onset of renal dysfunction. That early therapy modifies the prognosis of renal dysfunction remains an untested hypothesis until a measurement that predicts renal outcome is found that is sensitive, specific, and easily obtainable. The ability to measure intrarenal blood flow distribution may offer promise for improving our predictive and diagnostic abilities to assess perioperative acute renal failure. Methodologic constraints, however, limit the practicality of this measurement in the perioperative setting at this time. Instead, we rely on indirect variables that do not bear a reliable relationship to glomerular filtration rate and renal function.
Cost and profit optimization of Integrated wind­ thermal system by dynamic dispatch using swarm intelligence

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to find optimal dispatch for minimizing cost and maximizing profit of conventional units integrated with renewable power. Non-conventional energy sources, such as wind, are highly uncertain in nature. Generation of wind power depends on the wind speed. The uncertainty of wind power in cost model is considered by taking a dynamic dispatch model. This paper considers six conventional thermal generator units taken from IEEE US-bus test system with wind turbines. The model includes all practical constraints like ramp rate limits and valve point loading effects of thermal generating units. Min-max limits are modified by ramp rate limits of generating systems. Optimization problem includes practical constraints with non­ linearity and non-convexity. For convex cost case, the results are validated using the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm but unfortunately, the conventional gradient based optimization methods are unsuitable for non-convex cases. On the other hand the swarm intelligence based models guarantee stable convergence to near best solution for such cases. Keywords-Dynamic wind-thermal optimal dispatch; Profit maximization; valve point loading; ramp rate limits; PSO; SQP
STATIC SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION EFFECTS IN SEISMIC-ISOLATED BRIDGES

In this paper, the effect of soil–structure interaction on the seismic performance of seismic-isolated bridges is studied. For this purpose, two typical seismically isolated bridges are selected. The selected bridges have distinct features to represent those bridges with: (1) Heavy superstructure and light substructure and (2) light superstructure and heavy substructure. Detailed structural models of both bridges excluding and including the soil–structure interaction effects are first constructed. Iterative multimode response spectrum analyses of the bridges are then conducted considering the nonlinear behavior of the isolation bearings. The analyses results have revealed that soil–structure interaction effects may be neglected in the seismic analysis of seismic-isolated bridges with heavy superstructure and light substructure constructed on stiff soil. However, the soil–structure interaction effects need to be considered for bridges with light superstructure and heavy substructures regardless of the stif...
A time series of photosynthetically available radiation at the ocean surface from SeaWiFS and MODIS data

A global, 13-year record of photo-synthetically available radiation (PAR) at the ocean surface (9-km resolution) has been generated from SeaWiFS, MODIS-Aqua, and MODIS-Terra data. The PAR values are essentially obtained by subtracting from the solar irradiance at the top of the atmosphere (known) the solar energy reflected by the oceanatmosphere system (satellite-derived) and absorbed by the atmosphere (modeled). Observations by individual instruments, combinations of two instruments, and three instruments are considered in the calculations. Spatial and temporal biases between estimates from one, two, or three instruments are determined and corrected, resulting in a consistent time series for variability studies. Uncertainties are quantified on daily, weekly, and monthly time scales for the various instrument combinations from comparisons with in situ measurements. The correlative behavior of PAR, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll concentration in the Equatorial Pacific is examined. PAR monitoring will continue with current and future satellite ocean-color sensors, in particular VIIRS, and the methodology will be extended to generating UV-A and UV-B irradiance.
Serum antibodies to gangliosides in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

To determine whether antibodies to acidic glycolipids of nervous tissue are present in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), sera from patients with GBS and appropriate control subjects were tested by a thin-layer chromatogram overlay technique. Chromatograms on which the whole ganglioside fractions from peripheral nerve and brain had been separated were overlaid with appropriate dilutions of the patients' sera (1:100 or greater), and antibody binding was revealed with a radiolabeled or peroxidase-labeled second antibody. Antibodies to ganglioside antigens were detected in 5 of 26 patients with GBS. IgG antibodies in 1 patient reacted strongly with LM1 (sialosyl paragloboside), the major ganglioside of human peripheral nervous system myelin, and its hexaose analog (sialosyl lactosaminyl paragloboside), a minor ganglioside of human peripheral nervous system myelin. The antibody titer in this patient fell 8-fold over 6 weeks coincident with clinical improvement. IgG from 2 other patients with GBS reacted with GD1b ganglioside, and the antibody titers in these patients also decreased substantially with clinical improvement. IgM antibodies in the sera from 2 other patients reacted with GD1a and GT1b gangliosides, which have a shared terminal carbohydrate sequence. Antibodies to gangliosides were not detected in the sera from 19 patients with other neurological diseases or from 10 normal subjects, and the frequency with which antiganglioside antibodies occurred in the patients with GBS was significantly greater than that in the combined control subjects (p less than 0.01). The results demonstrate relatively high levels of antibodies to gangliosides in some GBS patients.
Preservice Elementary Teachers' Knowledge of Observable Moon Phases and Pattern of Change in Phases

The purpose of this study was to describe selected content knowledge held by 52 preservice elementary teachers about the observable phases of the moon and the monthly pattern of change in observable phases. Data were obtained from participants in a physics course before and after they received inquiry-based instruction designed to promote intentional learning of the cause of moon phases and the observable pattern of change in moon phases. Results indicated that, prior to instruction, most preservice teachers had major deficiencies in knowledge of observable moon phases and the pattern of monthly change in the phases. Fortunately, participants who completed the instruction were likely to show evidence of having addressed the deficiencies.
Scalable Loop Self-Scheduling Schemes Implemented on Large-Scale Clusters

Loops are the largest source of parallelism in many scientific applications. Parallelization of irregular loop applications is a challenging problem to achieve scalable performance on large-scale multi-core clusters. Previous research proposed an effective Master-Worker model on clusters for distributed self scheduling schemes that apply to parallel loops with independent iterations. However, this model has not been applied to large-scale clusters. In this paper, we present an extension of the distributed self-scheduling schemes implemented in a hierarchical Master-Worker model. Our experiments with different self-scheduling schemes demonstrate good scalability when scaling up to 8, 192processors.
Investment in Competitive Equilibrium: The Optimality of Myopic Behavior

There is an extensive literature on the optimal irreversible investment strategy of a solitary firm facing an exogenous price process. This paper shows that the investment strategies that this literature derives may be optimal in competitive equilibrium even though the price process is now endogenous. This provides a simple means for computing equilibrium investment strategies.
Fields of an infinite plane of color

We introduce a pair of coupled nonlinear differential equations which determine the potentials above an infinite plane of "color" in classical Yang-Mills theory. Solutions are classified according to their asymptotic behavior, and computer results are presented. An exact solution is given, in the form of an infinite series.
System Analysis of the Flow/Pressure Response of Rotodynamic Blood Pumps

: Design of a rotodynamic blood pumping system to have a suitable, controllable output is a key configuration issue. This study evaluates the benefits of selecting the impeller running specific speed, motor speed-torque line, and pump operating logic to jointly combine into a suitable characteristic. In this study, a “constant” flow for a given choice of control parameter value was the selected objective. The operating condition selected for analysis was chosen to be typical of an implanted, chronic support pump. Open-loop operation, fixed torque, fixed power, and fixed power/rpm2 ratio were combined with choices of impeller diameter and speed and motor speed-torque line. It was found that setting the running specific speed at a higher value than that associated with the best efficiency point resulted in a much more controllable pump. Overall efficiency was only slightly penalized for the model impeller chosen. Power/rpm2 control followed by torque control were most effective. With these control modes, motor characteristics were not critical.
P37: Gastrojejunal anastomotic complications using 45mm versus 60mm linear stapler in over 500 patients undergoing laparoscopic RYGB

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that in RYGB, the gastrojejunal anastomotic (GJA) complication rates are higher for smaller diameter EEA-stapled anastomoses (21mm 25mm). Our technique changed from a 45mm to a 60mm stapled anastomosis after anecdotally noting an increasing number of patients requiring dilation. The purpose of this study was to define 45 mm and 60 mm linear stapled GJA complication rates in RYGB. Methods: Between August 2002 and June 2007, 523 patients underwent laparoscopic RYGB at a single institution (45mm n 412 cases; 60mm n 111). Only one patient was lost to follow up (mean f/u 22 mo). Data was retrospectively collected from a prospectively maintained database. Statistical analysis was done using Fisher’s Exact Test and T-test. Results: There were 82 total anastomotic complications with the 45 mm (19.9%) and 22 with the 60 mm (19.8%) (p N.S.). Total complications are listed in Tables #1 & #2. Groups were analyzed for early ( 30d) and late ( 30d) complications. There was no significant difference for either total complications or any specific complication. There was a trend toward increased weight loss in the 45mm group with a BMI reduction -9.28 vs -8.11(p 0.052). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in overall anastomotic complications between the 45mm and 60mm linear staplers. However, there was a nonsignificant trend toward better weight loss with the 45mm stapler suggesting a possible advantage to using the 45 mm stapler for GJ anastomosis in RYGB.
Identification of an 8S Androgen Receptor-Promoting Factor that Converts the 4.5S Form of the Androgen Receptor to 8S*

A protein has been identified that reconstitutes the 4.5S androgen receptor to the classical 8S form on sucrose gradients of low ionic strength (25 mM KC1 and 50 mM Tris). Rat prostate Dunning tumor (R3327) cytosol labeled with [3H]dihydrotestosterone was chromatographed on phosphocellulose to separate the 4.5S receptor from this protein, which we refer to as 8S androgen receptor-promoting factor. The 8S promoting factor has the following physicochemical properties: heat labile (60 C; 30 min), Stokes radius of 58 A, molecular weight of 170,000 or more, precipitates in 40% saturated (NH4)2SO4, elutes from DEAE-Sepharose in 0.1 M KC1, and elutes from phosphocellulose in 0.1 M KC1. The reconstituted 8S receptor complex is similar to the native 8S receptor in that it is labile to heat and physiological salt concentrations, has a Stokes radius of 91 A, and has a molecular weight of approximately 326,000. The 8S promoting factor is present in mature male rat serum, but is undetectable in sera of male rats 16 da...
The Color of the Undergraduate Experience and the Occupational Attainment of Blacks and Whites: Evidence from Longitudinal Data

This study examines the impact of attendance at colleges with higher black enrollment on occupational attainment. The unique multipopulation LISREL models focus on blacks and whites, specify income and occupational self-direction as distinct dimensions of labor market accomplishment, and adjust for the possible confounding influence of college selectivity and precollege self-appraisals. Data from the NLS-72, augmented by selectivity and black enrollment data from other sources, are utilized. Findings largely support the hypothesis of within-race parity in occupational attainment. Black enrollment exerts nonsignificant effects on income among blacks and occupational self-direction in both races and slightly enhances income among whites.
Effect of quark masses on the perturbative thrust

We study the effect of quark masses on the thrust to O(..cap alpha../sub s/) in QCD. We find the mass corrections to be significant and show that they reduce the estimated nonperturbative effects. They also allow realistic limits to be placed on the parameter ..lambda...
Updating rate of Jacobi singular value decomposition (SVD) arrays and data nonstationarity

An effective updating algorithm for singular value decomposition, based on Jacobi rotations, has recently been proposed. This algorithm is composed of two basic steps: QR updating and rediagonalization. By proper interleaving these two operations, parallel implementations with very high updating rates are possible. In this paper, we are concerned with the behavior of this algorithm for nonstationary data, and the effect of the pipeline rate on tracking accuracy. In order to overcome the trade-off between accuracy and updating rate intrinsic in the original algorithm, we proposed two schemes which improve the overall performance when the rate of change of the data is high. In the `variable rotational rate' scheme, the number of Jacobi rotations per update is dynamically determined. The alternative approach is to make the forgetting factor variable and data-dependent. Behavior and performance of both schemes are discussed and compared.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Computer Mediated Communication and Publication Productivity among Faculty.

Investigates whether faculty who use computer mediated communication (CMC) achieve greater scholarly productivity as measured by publications and a higher incidence in the following prestige factors: receipt of awards; service on a regional or national committee of a professional organization; service on an editorial board of a refereed journal; service as a principal investigator on an externally funded project; or performance of other research on an externally funded project. Also investigates whether faculty who use CMC at less research‐oriented institutions realize disproportional benefit from their use of CMC. Data were collected in Fall 1994. A positive relationship was found between the frequency of use of CMC and publications, including coauthored publications. CMC users also had a higher incidence of prestige factors. In addition to statistically significant relationships between CMC use and productivity measures, faculty judged CMC to be of some utility to their productivity. Nevertheless, there did not appear to be a “democratizing effect” which would yield disproportionate benefit to those from less research‐oriented institutions.
Distributed timely-throughput optimal scheduling for wireless networks

Recent advance in distributed scheduling algorithms mainly focuses on designing CSMA-type protocols to achieve maximum network throughput in a fully distributive manner. However, it is inherently difficult for distributed scheduling algorithms to promise high throughput while maintaining low delay. To encounter this, a new scheduling algorithm, namely timely-throughput optimal algorithm, is introduced, which distributively determines the optimal transmission times for network users so that the largest set of traffic rates of network users can be supported, while ensuring timely data delivery within hard deadlines. More specifically, the maximum network capacity region that timely-throughput optimal scheduling algorithms can achieve is first derived, which characterizes the closure of the set of all arrival rate vectors under which there exists an viable scheduling algorithm to guarantee that all network users can meet the delay deadlines. Then, a distributed scheduling algorithm is proposed, which allows every user to make optimal transmission decision locally based on its incoming traffic rate, virtual debts, and previous channel sensing results. Finally, it is proven that the proposed algorithm is timely-throughput optimal in the sense that it can guarantee reliable data delivery before deadlines as long as the incoming traffic rates are within the derived maximum network capacity region.
Succession in a Jurassic marine cavity community and the evolution of cryptic marine faunas

A cavity-dwelling fauna from the Middle Jurassic of the Western Interior shows a succession controlled by increasing restriction of the cavities, most likely by sediment infilling. The succession proceeds from large and ubiquitous bivalves to smaller serpulids, cyclostome bryozoans, and thecideidine brachiopods; there is a concurrent decrease in biomass and percent cover. This Jurassic fauna demonstrates that marine cavity-dwelling faunas were specifically adapted to their environments at least 160 m.y. ago.
Band-edge photoluminescence degradation in GaAs

This paper reports on the degradation of the band-edge photoluminescence (PL) signal seen in various types of GaAs samples during low-power argon laser irradiation. This degradation was observed to take place over a period of minutes and was found to be a function of the position on the wafer as well as the temperature of the wafer and laser power. The decrease in PL intensity did not recover after several hours with the laser off. Surface, thermal and system parameters were eliminated as possible sources of the PL degradation seen. We propose that the observed PL degradation is partly due to a bulk material parameter, and that the method of measuring PL degradation could be used as a more reliable and reproducible method of whole-wafer characterization than the current procedure of mapping PL intensities.
Musical instruments of indonesia: An introductory handbook

This publication was originally intended as a handbook for the exhibition of Indonesian musical instruments held at Melbourne, in August, 1985 by the Indonesian Arts Society in association with the...
Seasat Low-Rate Data System

The Seasat low-rate data system is a distributed, nonreal-time, magnetic-tape system for information processing. Its function is to apply the necessary calibrations, corrections, and conversions to yield geophysically meaningful products from raw spacecraft telemetry data. It also provides a remotely accessible catalog of satellite data.
A factorial study of fluency in writing.

A factorial study of fluency was undertaken to test an hypothesis that at least two fluency abilities would be measured by a battery composed both of word fluency tests used by Thurstone and tests of fluency described by several British investigators. Twenty-eight tests, including ten reference tests for five primary mental abilities, were administered to 181 high-school seniors. Ten centroid factors were extracted, a simple structure was found, and eight factors were interpreted. Five factors defined were the following reference abilities: memory (M), number (N), reasoning (R), verbal comprehension (V), and perceptual speed (P), the last one being somewhat tentatively identified. The main finding is the analysis of fluency into two factors: word fluency (W) and ideational fluency (F). Word fluency is defined as a facility in producing single, isolated words that contain one or more formal restrictions, without reference to the meaning of the words. Ideational fluency is described as a facility in expressing ideas by the use of words and their meanings. Another verbal ability indicated is tentatively interpreted as verbal versatility, the ability to express essentially the same idea by means of several different words or combinations of words.
Enzyme immunoassay for the quantitation of human immunoglobulin G specific for the glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae

Abstract An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is reported that quantitates human immunoglobulin (Ig)G specific for the glycolipid (Re-GL) of Salmonella minnesota Re 595. Re-GL was adsorbed to polystyrene microcuvettes, and 100 μl of appropriately diluted lots of human plasma or affinity-purified rabbit anti-Re-Gl IgG was added to the cuvettes. The cuvettes were incubated, washed, and then reacted with Staphylococcus aureus protein A-peroxidase. After a final wash the substrate 2,2′-azino-di(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)sulfonic acid (ABTS) was added to yield a blue-green color with a maximum absorption at 405 nm. Using the affinity-purified rabbit anti-Re-IgG as standard, it was possible to quantitate specific levels of anti-Re-GL. The EIA was rapid (2 hr), with an absolute sensitivity of 5 ng of specific anti-Re-GL IgG and an interassay coefficient of variation of 24%. On a unit-mass basis, rabbit anti-Re-GL IgG had 10-fold greater activity than comparable affinity-purified human anti-Re-GL IgG from normal donor plasma. When a rabbit standard was used, the mean level of specific anti-Re-GL IgG in lots of pooled human plasma, which consisted of 18,330 liters, was 1.1 ± 0.28 μ g/ml. of 237 individual donors tested, 24 (10%) had levels of anti-Re-GL IgG that were 10-fold or greater than the mean of 1.1 μg/ml. The EIA provided a rapid, reproducible method for accurate quantitation of specific anti-Re-GL IgG in the screening of large volumes of human plasma.
Does amyloid deposition produce a specific atrophic signature in cognitively normal subjects

The objective of our study was to evaluate whether cognitively normal (CN) elderly participants showing elevated cortical beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition have a consistent neuroanatomical signature of brain atrophy that may characterize preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). 115 CN participants who were Aβ-positive (CN +) by amyloid PET imaging; 115 CN participants who were Aβ-negative (CN −); and 88 Aβ-positive mild cognitive impairment or AD participants (MCI/AD +) were identified. Cortical thickness (FreeSurfer) and gray matter volume (SPM5) were measured for 28 regions-of-interest (ROIs) across the brain and compared across groups. ROIs that best discriminated CN − from CN + differed for FreeSurfer cortical thickness and SPM5 gray matter volume. Group-wise discrimination was poor with a high degree of uncertainty in terms of the rank ordering of ROIs. In contrast, both techniques showed strong and consistent findings comparing MCI/AD + to both CN − and CN + groups, with entorhinal cortex, middle and inferior temporal lobe, inferior parietal lobe, and hippocampus providing the best discrimination for both techniques. Concordance across techniques was higher for the CN − and CN + versus MCI/AD + comparisons, compared to the CN − versus CN + comparison. The weak and inconsistent nature of the findings across technique in this study cast doubt on the existence of a reliable neuroanatomical signature of preclinical AD in elderly PiB-positive CN participants.
A Naturalistic, Reflexive Dispositional Approach to Perception

This paper will investigate the basic question of the nature of perception, as theoretically approached from a purely naturalistic standpoint. An adequate theory must not only have clear application to a world full of pre-existing biological examples of perception of all kinds, from unicellular perception to conscious human perception, but it must also satisfy a series of theoretical or philosophical constraints, as enumerated and discussed in Section 1 below. A perceptual theory invoking reflexive dispositions--that is, dispositions directed toward the very same worldly perceived objects or properties that caused them--will be defended as one legitimate such naturalistic theory.
Determination of iodine-131 in urine.

SummaryA method for the determination of Iondine-131 in urine is described. A dipping counter mounted on a modified microscope base using a blackened test tube with a sample large enough to cover the sensitive area of the tube was used. Counting of gamma radiations is quite reproducible by this procedure.
Prepubertal Expansion of Dark and Pale Type A Spermatogonia in the Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Results from Proliferation During Infantile and Juvenile Development in a Relatively Gonadotropin Independent Manner

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether dark and pale type A spermatogonia (Ad and Ap, respectively) are mitotically active during prepubertal development and whether proliferation of these germ cells during this protracted phase of primate development occurs predominantly during infancy before gonadotropin secretion is arrested. Four neonate (1–2 days of age), four infant (4–5 mo of age), and four juvenile (14–17 mo of age) rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were castrated 2 h after receiving an i.v. bolus of 5-bromo2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU, 33 mg/kg body weight). Tissue was fixed in Bouin solution, and 5-lm paraffin sections were cut. Using periodic acid-Schiff reagent/Gill hematoxylin staining, the number per testis of Ad and Ap spermatogonia were determined. BrdU Sphase-labeled nuclei were identified using immunofluorescence. Conservative criteria were employed for classifying cell types, and this resulted in a fraction of A spermatogonia remaining unclassified. Ad, Ap, and the unclassified A spermatogonia each showed an approximately 4-fold increase over the 5-mo period from birth to infancy, and a similar increase was observed over the 10-mo period between infancy and the juvenile stage of development. Both Ad and Ap (and unclassified A spermatogonia) exhibited robust and similar S-phase labeling at the three stages of development. We conclude that the prepubertal expansion of Ad and Ap spermatogonia is achieved by mitotic proliferation that is relatively gonadotropin independent. This conclusion raises the question of the nature of the signal that arrests the cell cycle of Ad in adult testis. developmental biology, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, male reproductive tract, testis