cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CO Chemisorption and H2/D2 Isotope Effect on the CO Hydrogénation Reaction on Ni(111) and Ni/TiO2 (100)

Resume Un monocristal de TiO 2 (100) recouvert de Ni (5 A) est utilise comme modele de catalyseur supporte pour etudier les effets de la forte interaction metal-support (FIMS) sur la chimisorption et l'hydrogenation du CO. La chimisorption de CO est 2,5 fois plus faible que sur Ni(111). L'activite specifique vis-a-vis de l'hydrogenation de CO sur Ni/TiO 2 (100) est 3,0–3,5 fois plus elevee que sur Ni(111), alors que l'effet isotopique vis-a-vis des molecules lourdes formees est respectivement inverse et normal sur Ni/TiO 2 (100) et Ni(111). Une explication qualitative est proposee pour rendre compte de la FIMS et de l'effet isotopique. Abstract A TiO 2 (100) single crystal surface covered with 5A Ni was used as a model supported catalyst to study effects of strong metal-support interaction(SMSI) on CO chemisorption and the CO hydrogenation reaction. Auger and C Is peak height measurements showed that CO chemisorption on Ni/TiO 2 (100) is suppressed by 2.5 times compared to that on Ni(111). In situ CO hydrogenation studies o showed that the specific methanation activity from 5A Ni/TiO 2 (100) is ∼3.0–3.5 times that from Ni (111). No H 2 /D 2 isotope effect was found for methane production on both Ni(111) and Ni/TiO 2 (100), while the higher molecular weight product formation showed an inverse isotope effect on Ni(111) and a normal isotope effect on Ni/TiO 2 (100). A qualitative explanation was proposed to account for the SMSI and the isotope effects.
Men at family planning clinics: the new patients?

Using a survey of family planning clinics in the continental United States that received Title X funding conducted by The Urban Institute in 1993 those clinics were identified that had made substantial efforts to serve male clients. The final sample size was 567 clinics. 10% of their clients were men and 31% reported that their male clientele had increased in the previous 5 years. During January through March 1995 follow-up telephone interviews were conducted with 25 selected clinics that reported a 10% male share of clients. The clinics were classified into 5 types: 1) 7 clinics with a family planning focus beginning to provide primary care to attract more men; 2) 7 clinics with a family planning focus using community outreach and the partners of female clients to recruit men for clinic services; 3) 6 primary health care clinics beginning to place more emphasis on male reproductive health; 4) 3 hospital-based clinics providing comprehensive and reproductive health care for young men; and 5) 2 school-based clinics providing sports physicals primary health care and reproductive health services. In Type 1 clinics males made up 10-40% of clients. They also screened for testicular cancer and provided infertility mental health and nutrition counseling services. Type 2 clinics had an average of 10% male clients and offered male infertility services nutrition counseling and specific STD and HIV services for males in the Hispanic and immigrant communities. Type 3 clinics promoted the male role in family planning decision making and STD prevention. A substantial proportion of the clientele was low-income males but men who came for vasectomies tended to have higher incomes. Type 4 clinics catered to 20-40% male clients with outreach programs for gay minority men and sessions on stopping domestic violence male role in family planning and responsible parenthood. Type 5 clinics had 40-45% males and provided mental health counseling HIV risk assessment and screening for testicular cancer.
Institutional Economics and the Theory of What Unions Do

The theory of trade unions is re-examined using principles and ideas of institutional economics. An institutional perspective provides a more balanced and inclusive portrait of what unions do; it also demonstrates flaws and biases in the standard neoclassical account that lead to overly negative conclusions. Unions can either be “monopsony-reducing” or “monopolycreating” in their economic and governance functions and may thus in some situations improve economic performance and welfare but it others harm them. The “optimal” level of union density depends on the breadth and depth of market and governance failures and an assessment of the feasibility, benefits and costs of alternative institutional solutions to labor problems.
The promise of digital government

E-government promises to mark a new era of greater convenience in citizen access to governmental forms, data, and information. Its advocates promise that not only will e-government bring the convenience of online transactions, but it will also reverse citizens' disaffection from government, create dramatic savings, and reinforce rather than erode traditional American freedoms and liberties. E-government, however, is better thought of not as a revolution, but as an attempt to bring the e-business model into the public sector. A component-by-component examination of the e-business model shows that it is fraught with problems, challenges, and limitations as well as opportunities. The promise of digital government will be fulfilled only by a new generation of public managers who are generalists, not technocrats, capable of integrating the disparate fields of consideration, which are necessary aspects of the vision of e-government as a whole.
Do Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Have a Higher Postoperative Risk of Venous Thromboembolism or Do They Undergo More High-risk Operations?

Objective To determine the relative or combined effects of Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and the operation performed on postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) to better guide recommendations on extended VTE prophylaxis. Summary background data There is growing evidence to suggest patients with inflammatory bowel disease have an increased risk of postoperative VTE, but prior studies have not accounted for the operation performed nor acknowledged differences between CD and UC. Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database from 2005 to 2016 was queried for patients with a diagnosis of CD, UC, malignancy, or benign disease (diverticular disease, Clostridium difficile) undergoing major abdominal surgery. Operations with a VTE rate >3% were designated high risk. Operation-specific univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results A total of 231,718 operations were analyzed with 4426 patients experiencing a VTE (1.9%). The overall rate of VTE ranged widely based on the operation performed from 0.7% for enterostomy closure to 5.3% for open subtotal colectomy. Seven operations met our threshold of 3% to be considered high risk. For each operation, postoperative VTE rates were similar regardless of diagnostic indication when performed in the elective setting. However, when performed emergently, the same operations had significantly higher VTE rates. Compared with the malignancy and benign disease groups, neither CD nor UC was associated with increased odds of VTE after any operation. Conclusions Postoperative VTE risk varies widely by the operation performed, and a diagnostic indication of CD or UC does not play a role. Extended duration VTE prophylaxis should be considered in all patients undergoing high-risk operations, regardless of their underlying diagnosis.
Comparing turbulent mixing of atmospheric oxidants across model scales

Abstract Vertical mixing processes as simulated by atmospheric models affect the prediction of vertical profiles of reactive trace gases and oxidants and our understanding of atmospheric chemistry throughout the boundary layer. Specifically, the vertical transport of these oxidants is important for understanding where in situ chemistry occurs. Simulations of the vertical transport are influenced by many factors, including the horizontal and vertical grid resolution, planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes, and the use of cumulus parameterization to represent sub-grid scale cloud processes. Here, we compare simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) with the NCAR Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model and the NASA P-3B measurements over the Baltimore-Washington region to evaluate the performance of WRF-Chem in simulating vertical mixing of chemical oxidants in the PBL. For two different PBL schemes, WRF-Chem simulates a weaker convective environment and lower PBL height than LES. Comparing WRF simulations, the Yonsei University (YSU) PBL scheme simulates higher and drier PBL than the Mellor-Yamada-Janjic (MYJ) PBL scheme. The stronger vertical mixing in the LES model simulates higher concentrations of chemical oxidants aloft than WRF-Chem, leading to a constant O3 vertical profile up to the top of the LES domain (4.8 km). Weaker vertical mixing in WRF-Chem prohibits upward transport of the key chemical precursors, therefore resulting in low in situ chemical production of O3 and OH aloft in the WRF-Chem simulations with both PBL schemes and reducing the oxidative capacity in the buffer or cloud layer.
Readmission Following Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Institutional Cohort.

Purpose Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most common joint replacement surgery performed in the United States. Given the aging and increasingly comorbid patient populations undergoing these procedures, complication rates and the need for subsequent hospital readmission are only expected to rise. It is, therefore, crucial to investigate the risk factors leading to readmission in order to improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this study is to identify significant risk factors for readmission following revision TKA procedures. Methods Patients undergoing revision TKA were identified at our institution from 2006-2017. The primary outcome was hospital readmission after revision TKA. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between readmitted and non-readmitted patients. Results Forty-five (26.2%) of the 171 cases were readmitted following revision TKA. The leading diagnoses at readmission varied from arthrofibrosis in 28.9% of patients, implant infection in 22.2% of patients, and implant failure in 20.0% of patients. Male gender was found to be a significant independent variable for readmission. This study also found that 51.1% of all readmitted patients continued to have complaints that required additional hospital readmissions. The average number of total readmissions was 2.1 per readmitted patient. Conclusion This study was successful in identifying variables associated with readmission following revision TKA, as well as presenting information regarding the diagnoses associated with readmission. Our data also showed that if a patient was readmitted after revision TKA, it was likely that they would be admitted again. Due to the increasing prevalence and cost of these procedures, further studies are needed to better understand the risk factors and comorbidities leading to readmission in order to improve the perioperative care of these patients.
Postoperative care in an intermediate-level medical unit after head and neck microvascular free flap reconstruction.

Objective The need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation after head and neck microvascular free flap reconstructive surgery remains controversial. Our institution has maintained a longstanding practice of immediately taking patients off mechanical ventilation with subsequent transfer to intermediate, non-ICU level of care with specialized otolaryngologic nursing. Our objective was to describe postoperative outcomes for a large cohort of patients undergoing this protocol and to examine the need for routine ICU transfer. Materials and methods We performed a retrospective review of 512 consecutive free flaps treated with a standard protocol of immediate postoperative transfer to an intermediate-level care unit with specialized otolaryngology nursing. Outcome measures included ICU transfer, ventilator requirement, flap failure, postoperative complications, and length of stay. Predictors of ICU transfer were identified by multivariable logistic regression. Results The vast majority of patients did not require intensive care. Only a small fraction (n = 18 patients, 3.5%) subsequently transferred to the ICU, most commonly for respiratory distress, cardiac events, and infection. The most common complications were delirium/agitation (n = 55; 10.7%) and pneumonia (n = 51; 10.0%). Sixty-five cases (12.7%) returned to the OR, most commonly for hematoma/bleeding (n = 41; 8.0%) and anastomosis revision (n = 20; 3.9%). Heavy alcohol consumption and greater number of medical comorbidities were significant predictors of subsequent ICU transfer. Conclusions Among head and neck free flap patients, routine cessation of mechanical ventilation and transfer to intermediate-level care with specialized ENT nursing was found to be safe with infrequent subsequent ICU transfer and low complication rates. Routine transfer to intermediate-level care in this population may prevent unnecessary ICU utilization and facilitate the delivery of high-value, disease-centered care. Level of evidence 3b.
Report of the committee on dynamics of streams, 1935–36

A number of organizations have recently been quite active in fields closely related to that of the Committee on Dynamics of Streams. Among these are some recently organized groups having fairly clear-cut purposes in view. The International Association for Hydraulic Structures Research was founded in September 1935, with the objective of promoting international cooperation of persons interested in research related to hydraulic structures and to enable an exchange of views. It is apparent from the membership forming the nucleus of the Association that primary attention is likely to be given to the application of hydraulic models to the solution of various stream-dynamics problems such as the regulation of rivers, the design of dams, harbors, etc. Largely because of the geographical distribution of its members throughout the world the Association unquestionably will do much toward accelerating the development of methods of analyzing river-regulation problems.
Behaviorally Disordered Youth in Correctional Settings: Prevalence, Programing, and Teacher Training.

Youth with behavioral disorders are prominent in correctional settings. Due to a number of circumstances, their educational needs are not being adequately addressed. This article discusses issues r...
On-road Stress Analysis for In-car Interventions During the Commute

This paper focuses on the larger question of when to administer in-car just-in-time stress management interventions. We look at the influence of driving-related stress to find the right time to provide personalized and contextually-aware interventions. We address this challenge with a data driven approach that takes into consideration driving-induced stress, driver (cognitive) availability, and indicators of risky driving behavior such as lane departures and high steering reversal rates. We ran a study with sixteen commuters during morning and evening traffic while applying an in-situ experience sampling. During 45 minutes of driving through various scenarios including city, highway, and neighborhood roads we captured physiological measurements, video of participants and surroundings, and CAN bus driving data. Initial review of the data shows that stress levels changed greatly between 2 and 9 (out of a 0-min to 10-max scale). We conclude with a discussion on how to prepare the data to train supervised algorithms to find the right time to intervene stress while driving.
Remembrance of Things Past : Long-Term B Cell Memory After Infection and Vaccination

The success of vaccines is dependent on the generation and maintenance of immunological memory. The immune system can remember previously encountered pathogens, and memory B and T cells are critical in secondary responses to infection. Studies in mice have helped to understand how different memory B cell populations are generated following antigen exposure and how affinity for the antigen is determinant to B cell fate. Additionally, such studies were fundamental in defining memory B cell niches and how B cells respond following subsequent exposure with the same antigen. On the other hand, human studies are essential to the development of better, newer vaccines but sometimes limited by the difficulty to access primary and secondary lymphoid organs. However, work using human influenza and HIV virus infection and/or immunization in particular has significantly advanced today's understanding of memory B cells. This review will focus on the generation, function, and longevity of B-cell mediated immunological memory (memory B cells and plasma cells) in response to infection and vaccination both in mice and in humans.
Individual differences in acoustic-prosodic entrainment in spoken dialogue

Abstract The tendency of conversation partners to adjust to each other to become similar, known as entrainment, has been studied for many years. Several studies have linked differences in this behavior to gender, but with inconsistent results. We analyze individual differences in two forms of local, acoustic-prosodic entrainment in two large corpora between English and Chinese native speakers conversing in English. The few previous studies of the effect of non-nativeness on entrainment that exist were based on much smaller numbers of speakers and focused on perceptual rather than acoustic measures. We find considerable variation in both degree and valence of entrainment behavior across speakers with some consistent trends, such as synchronous behavior being mostly positive in direction and somewhat more prevalent than convergence. However, we do not find entrainment to vary significantly based on gender, native language, or their combination. Instead, we propose as a hypothesis for further study, that gender mediates more complex interactions between sociocultural norms, conversation context, and other factors.
The Mark of a Good Informant

Edward Craig and Michael Hannon agree that the function of knowledge is to enable us to identify informants whose word we can safely take. This requires that knowers display a publicly recognizable mark. Although this might suffice for information transfer, I argue that the position that emerges promotes testimonial injustice, since the mark of a good informant need not be shared by all who are privy to the facts we seek. I suggest a way the problem might be alleviated.
Large deviations in one-dimensional random sequential adsorption.

In random sequential adsorption (RSA), objects are deposited randomly, irreversibly, and sequentially; attempts leading to an overlap with previously deposited objects are discarded. The process continues until the system reaches a jammed state when no further additions are possible. We analyze a class of lattice RSA models in which landing on an empty site in a segment is allowed when at least $b$ neighboring sites on the left and the right are unoccupied. For the minimal model ($b=1$), we compute the full counting statistics of the occupation number. We reduce the determination of the full counting statistics to a Riccati equation that appears analytically solvable only when $b=1$. We develop a perturbation procedure which, in principle, allows one to determine cumulants consecutively, and we compute the variance of the occupation number for all $b$.
Preservice special education teachers’ perceptions of mixed-reality simulation experiences

Special educators are expected to implement High-Leverage Practices to support diverse learners. This article describes the findings from a mixed-reality simulation project structured around the fr...
A Program for the Antitrust Division

In two previous articles, I have criticized a number of facets of current antitrust enforcement policy, ranging from the attitudes of the enforcers toward their role, at one extreme, to specific provisions in merger guidelines issued by the Antitrust Division, at the other, and covering a good many points in between.' The articles are not wholly negative; they suggest both new enforcement mechanisms and new substantive policies. But they do not attempt to present a rounded program of antitrust enforcement. The present piece, drawing on the earlier suggestions but with a good many additions and some revisions, outlines such a program. For the sake of brevity, I limit my attention to the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice, and I take its existing powers and resources as a given. Within these limits I have tried to be practical and specific, as well as reasonably comprehensive, and to consider philosophical as well as practical objections to the suggested program. Necessarily, many important details of the program have been omitted. Presumptuous as such an exercise may seem, it is at least timely. It is fashionable nowadays to exhort institutions to re-examine the priorities under which they operate. Never has the Antitrust Division had greater reason to heed this exhortation. The rapid growth of the economy in recent years has not brought a corresponding increase in the resources of the Division.2 At the same time, the Supreme Court's virtual abandonment of antitrust law to the discretion of the enforce-
Agroecological benefits from weeds.

We begin by stating a basic premise: that weed science must be fundamentally concerned, like all of agricultural science, with the imperative of sustainability. This concern underlies the mounting questions about the profitability, long-term efficacy, and environmental safety of the discipline’s historical focus: herbicidal management of weeds (i.e., “plants out of place”). Herbicide-based approaches are currently relied upon in managed ecosystems of many sorts: e.g., farms, forests, and waterways (Cousens and Mortimer, 1995; Sheley et al., 1997). Our own assessment is that economically, ecologically, and agronomically sustainable weed management systems cannot be attained by current concepts and means of weed management. In addition to concerns for agricultural sustainability, there is rapidly-growing recognition that biological invasions by plants are a troublesome component of global change (i.e., large-scale detrimental changes in ecological systems that provide “life-support” functions to humanity; Daily, 1997; Mack et al., 2000). Weed scientists are actively considering how they can contribute to the scientific and social response to this problem. The challenge is to expand the scope of weed science from current emphases on herbicides and field-crop agroecosystems to the larger work of coping with invasive plants in ecosystems of all kinds, including areas that are managed to preserve their “natural” qualities. Below, we argue that progress towards more expansive and sustainable notions of weed management will require new theories of weeds and weed management that are based on a broader view of the agroecological roles of weeds.
Δ2-Isopentenylpyrophosphate: Transfer Ribonucleic Acid Δ2-Isopentenyltransferase from Escherichia coli PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE ENZYME

Δ2-Isopentenylpyrophosphate:tRNA Δ2-isopentenyltransferase, which catalyzes the synthesis of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl) adenosine in tRNA, has been purified 550-fold from cell-free extracts of Escherichia coli. The enzyme requires tRNA, Δ3-isopentenylpyrophosphate, isopentenylpyrophosphate isomerase, Mg2+, and 2-mercaptoethanol for activity. The enzyme will react only with a suitable tRNA substrate, i.e. one lacking the isopentenyl modification normally present in vivo. The tRNA modified in vitro contains N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenosine adjacent to the 3′ end of the anticodon in the sequence AAAΨ, the sequence normally modified in vivo.
Particle dynamics and effective temperature of jammed granular matter in a slowly sheared three-dimensional Couette cell

We report experimental measurements of particle dynamics on slowly sheared granular matter in a three-dimensional Couette cell. A closely packed ensemble of transparent spherical beads is confined by an external pressure and filled with fluid to match both the density and refractive index of the beads. This allows us to track tracer particles embedded in the system and obtain three-dimensional trajectories [r(t),theta(t),z(t)] as a function of time. We study the probability distribution function of the vertical and radial displacements, finding Gaussian and exponential distributions, respectively. For slow shear rates, the mean-square fluctuations in all three directions are found to be dependent only on the angular displacement of the Couette cell, Delta theta e, (Delta z 2) approximately Delta theta e, (Delta r2) approximately Delta theta e alpha, Delta theta 2 approximately Delta theta e beta, where alpha and beta are constants. With Delta theta e proportional to the time between measurements, the values of the constants, alpha and beta , are found to be subdiffusive and superdiffusive, respectively. ThFe linear relation between (Delta z 2) and angular displacement implies a diffusive process, from which we can calculate an "effective temperature," T eff, in the vertical direction, through a fluctuation-dissipation relation. It is of interest to determine whether these systems can be described by analogous equilibrium statistical mechanics concepts such as "effective temperature" and "compactivity." By studying the dynamics of tracer particles, we find the effective temperature defined by the Stokes-Einstein relation to be independent of the tracer particle characteristic features, such as density and size, and dependent only on the packing density of the system. For slow shear rate, both the diffusivity and mobility of tracer particles are proportional to the shear rate, giving rise to a constant effective temperature, characteristic of the jammed system. We finally discuss the significance of the existence of T eff for a statistical mechanics formulation of granular matter.
Persephone and the Pigs in William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury

Twice in the second section of William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury ( 1929) Quentin thinks of pigs rushing, "running the beast with two backs and she blurred in the winking oars running the swine of Euboeleus running coupled within how many Caddy," and "I could hear whispers secret surges smell die beating of hot blood under wild unsecret flesh watching against red eyelids the swine untethered in pairs rushing coupled into die sea." Faulkner compresses two important allusions, one classical, one biblical, into these passages. The combined associations focus Quentin's ambivalence toward sexuality and his longing for death. While several critics have mentioned the classical allusion to Euboeleus, they have ignored die New Testament source. And Uiey have further missed the comfort which Quentin derives from his vision of pigs.
Abstract 1909: Identification and characterization of microRNA-134 as a novel receptor tyrosine kinase-regulated tumor suppressive hub in glioblastoma

Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are co-deregulated in a majority of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and most deadly brain tumor. In this study, we uncovered microRNA-134 (miR-134) as a novel tumor suppressive hub that is co-regulated by multiple RTKs via MAPK and KLF4 and that acts via regulation of KRAS and STAT5B expressions. Using microRNA microarrays and qRT-PCR, we screened for microRNAs that are co-regulated by multiple RTKs in GBM. We found that miR-134 was one such microRNA that is downregulated by the activation of MET, EGFR, and PDGFR, the three most commonly deregulated RTKs in GBM. Using a combination of pharmacology, promoter analysis, transcription factor functional and rescue approaches and ChIP/qPCR, we uncovered the MAPK pathway and the transcriptional repressor KLF4 as mediators of the effects of RTKs on miR-134 repression. We then measured the expression of miR-134 and found that it was downregulated in human GBM tumors and GBM stem cells (GSCs) and that it inversely correlated with the activation levels of MET, EGFR, and PDGFR in the tumors. We demonstrated that miR-134 inhibits GBM cell and GSC proliferation, survival, and in vivo xenograft growth, as well as GSC self-renewal and stemness. We uncovered the oncogenes KRAS and STAT5B as direct targets of miR-134 with immunoblots and 3′UTR reporter assays, and showed with rescue experiments that they mediate miR-134 tumor suppressive effects. Thereafter, using a series of molecular and functional assays we established direct links and dependencies between RTKs, KLF4, miR-134, KRAS/STAT5B and malignancy in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, we also found that miR-134 induction is required for the anti-tumor effects of small molecule RTK inhibitors. Altogether, our extensive study identified miR-134 as a novel RTK-regulated tumor-suppressive hub that mediates RTK and RTK-inhibitor effects on GBM malignancy by controlling KRAS and STAT5B. These findings shed new light onto the molecular and functional interactions between RTKs and microRNAs and uncover opportunities for exploiting these interactions for therapeutic purposes. Citation Format: Ying Zhang, Jungeun Kim, Adam C. Mueller, Bijan Dey, Yanzhi Yang, Daehee Lee, Jan Hachmann, Sanjo Finderle, Deric M. Park, James Christensen, David Schiff, Benjamin Purow, Anindya Dutta, Roger Abounader. Identification and characterization of microRNA-134 as a novel receptor tyrosine kinase-regulated tumor suppressive hub in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1909. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1909
Magnetic phase diagrams of diluted fcc antiferromagnets Co p Mg 1 − p O and Eu p Sr 1 − p Te

The variations of observed t=${T}_{N}$(p)/${T}_{N}$(1) with p are compared for two fcc antiferromagnetic systems ${\mathrm{Co}}_{\mathrm{p}}$${\mathrm{Mg}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{p}}$O (${J}_{2}$/${J}_{1}$\ensuremath{\simeq}5) and ${\mathrm{Eu}}_{\mathrm{p}}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{p}}$Te (${J}_{2}$/${J}_{1}$\ensuremath{\simeq}-2), where ${J}_{1}$ and ${J}_{2}$ are the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor exchange interactions, respectively. For pg0.45, the geometrical percolation dominates as the t vs p variations are remarkably similar. However, for 0.13lpl0.45, significant differences are observed in the t-vs-p variations of the two systems.
Design and control of ball wheel omnidirectional vehicles

A new class of ball wheel mechanisms for omnidirectional vehicles is presented. This ball wheel mechanism can be designed to yield fully mobile vehicles that are not only free of any kinematic singularity but are configuration invariant in kinematic behavior. Invariant kinematics greatly simplifies the control of smooth and precise vehicle motion. Multiple displacement sensors are easily incorporated into each ball wheel mechanism. This unique feature enables the detection of slip between tires and the floor and also indicates at which tire the slip occurs. This allows traction control to be implemented to fully exploit the available floor friction while accurate dead reckoning navigation continues from two non slipping tires. A prototype vehicle with three ball wheel mechanisms is implemented. Smooth motion and precise dead reckoning are accomplished.
U.S. Women's Intended Sources for Reproductive Health Care.

Abstract Introduction: The current sociopolitical climate and context of the Affordable Care Act have led some to question the future role of family planning clinics in reproductive health care. We explored where women plan to get their future contraception, pelvic exam/pap smears, and sexually transmitted infection testing, with a focus on the role of family planning clinics. Methods: Data were drawn from a study of United States adults conducted in January 2013 from a national online panel. We focused on English-literate women aged 18–45 years who answered items on intended sources of care (private office/health maintenance organization [HMO], family planning clinic, other, would not get care) for reproductive health services. We used Rao-Scott F tests to compare intended sources across sociodemographic groups, and logistic regression to model odds of intending to use family planning clinics. Probability weights were used to adjust for the complex sampling design. Results: The response rate was 61% (n =...
Career Commitments of American Women: The Issue of Side Bets

The side bets of career commitment in the form of education, occupational preparation, employer selection, full-time involvement, role-conflict avoidance, incorporation of the career into the self-concept and the building of a relatively congruent construction of reality are examined for a sample of metropolitan women aged 25 to 54. The most committed select a specific occupation, obtain appropriate education and job training and organize their role cluster, generalized self and construction of reality around being career women or at least paid workers. It is possible, however, that some of these side bets are very difficult to establish in the conservative climate of current America.
Non-invasive measurement of laboratory rat's cardiorespiratory movement using a 60-GHz radar and nonlinear Doppler phase modulation

A non-invasive and non-contact monitoring system for measuring laboratory rat's cardiorespiratory movement is demonstrated. The system uses a 60-GHz CMOS radar integrated with antennas in a flip-chip package. Utilizing the harmonics generated in radar-detected signal due to the nonlinear phase modulation, the system can measure the displacements of respiration and heartbeat in addition to their frequencies. This is the first time that the simultaneous measurement of both displacements and frequencies of both respiration and heartbeat movements, by using a continuous-wave (CW) radar, is reported. Capable of measuring variations of both displacements and frequencies of respiration and heartbeat over time, the system can be useful for monitoring laboratory rat's vital signs without using implant devices.
Distribution of DARPP-32 in the basal ganglia: an electron microscopic study.

DARPP-32, a dopamine and cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein, has been studied by light and electron microscopical immunocytochemistry in the rat caudatoputamen, globus pallidus and substantia nigra. In the caudatoputamen, DARPP-32 was present in neurons of the medium-sized spiny type. Immunoreactivity for DARPP-32 was present in dendritic spines, dendrites, perikaryal cytoplasm, most but not all nuclei, axons and a small number of axon terminals. Immunoreactive axon terminals in the caudatoputamen formed symmetrical synapses with immunolabelled dendritic shafts or somata. Neurons having indented nuclei were never immunoreactive. In the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata, DARPP-32 was present in myelinated and unmyelinated axons and in axon terminals. The labelled axon terminals in these regions formed symmetrical synaptic contacts on unlabelled dendritic shafts or on unlabelled somata. These data suggest that DARPP-32 is present in striatal neurons of the medium-sized spiny type and that these DARPP-32-immunoreactive neurons form symmetrical synapses on target neurons in the globus pallidus and substantia nigra. The presence of DARPP-32 in these striatal neurons and in their axon terminals suggests that DARPP-32 mediates part of the response of medium-size spiny neurons in the striaturn to dopamine D-l receptor activation.
Feeding preference of the southern green stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on tomato fruit

The feeding preference of the southern green stink bug (SGSB), Nezara viridula (L.), for size and maturity of tomato fruit, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., was studied using stylet sheaths as indicators of feeding frequency. Among green fruit of varying sizes, SGSB fed less frequently on fruit of intermediate size. The number of stylet sheaths per square centimeter of fruit surface was inversely proportional to the size of the fruit. The average number of stylet sheaths deposited daily by individual SGSB ranged from 7.9 to 9.8 in laboratory and field choice feeding experiments, with the exception of one laboratory experiment. Among mature green and red tomatoes of the same size, SGSB significantly preferred green fruit to red fruit and fed longer and more frequently on green than on red fruit. Mean feeding time and mean duration of proboscis insertion were similar in both sexes.
Evaluation of current awareness service for physics and astronomy literature

An evaluation of a current awareness service in Physics and Astronomy at The University of Texas at Austin is presented. The service is provided currently to over 130 physicists and astronomers; about half of them participated in the evaluation. The computer-produced printouts were derived from the monthly SPIN tapes of the American Institute of Physics. It was found that 67% rated the current awareness printouts favorably and 20% unfavorably. Participants tended to use SPIN to supplement their usual literature needs. The primary complaints about the effectiveness of the service were the broadness of the classification scheme, insufficient journal coverage, and slowness in receipt of abstracts on the tapes. A retrospective search facility is available but not heavily used at the present time, due to the short time span covered by the tapes.
Fiber Optic Infrastructure for Wireless Communication Networks

It is clear that to meet the new demands of wireless customers, conventional cellular service providers and upcoming Personal Communication Service (PCS) providers for conventional phone service and high bandwidth wireless LAN must upgrade their networks to provide complete radio coverage. This evolution has motivated the need for low-cost systems that transport radio signals to and from areas of poor signal coverage. The most important area where this problem must be solved is inside of buildings, since this is where people spend most of their time. Unfortunately, the in-building enviroment is also the ost challenging area to provide radio coverage due to severe attenuation and multi-path effects. The problem must be tackled from the viewpoint of optimization of performance/cost ratio of the network. In this paper, we describe a system-level approach to tackle this problem. We demonstrate how one can trade-off hardware performance, which represent cost, with proper choice of system architecture which includes, among other factors, in-buiding radio environment, to arrive at an optimum network solution technically and economically.
Electromechanical Modeling and Nonlinear Analysis of Axially Loaded Energy Harvesters

To maximize the electromechanical transduction of vibratory energy harvesters, the resonance frequency of the harvesting device is usually tuned to the excitation frequency. To achieve this goal, some concepts call for utilizing an axial static preload to soften or stiffen the structure (Leland and Wright, 2006, "Resonance Tuning of Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Scavenging Generators Using Compressive Axial Preload, " Smart Mater. Struct., 15, pp. 1413-1420; Morris et al., 2008, "A Resonant Frequency Tunable, Extensional Mode Piezoelectric Vibration Harvesting Mechanism, " Smart Mater. Struct., 17, p. 065021). For the most part, however, models used to describe the effect of the axial preload on the harvester's response are linear lumped-parameter models that can hide some of the essential features of the dynamics and, sometimes, oppose the experimental trends. To resolve this issue, this study aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of energy harvesting using axially loaded beams. Specifically, using nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, an electromechanical model of a clamped-clamped energy harvester subjected to transversal excitations and static axial loading is developed and discretized using a Galerkin expansion. Using the method of multiple scales, the general nonlinear physics of the system is investigated by obtaining analytical expressions for the steady-state response amplitude, the voltage drop across a resistive load, and the output power. These theoretical expressions are then validated against experimental data. It is demonstrated that in addition to the ability of tuning the harvester to the excitation frequency via axial load variations, the axial load aids in (i) increasing the electric damping in the system, thereby enhancing the energy transfer from the beam to the electric load, (ii) amplifying the effect of the external excitation on the structure, and (iii) enhancing the effective nonlinearity of the device. These factors combined can increase the steady-state response amplitude, output power, and bandwidth of the harvester.
A comparison of the effect of epidural, general, and no anesthesia on funic acid-base values by stage of labor and type of delivery

The effect of epidural anesthesia on neonatal acid-base status, before, during, and after labor, was determined by review of funic blood-gas values from 142 women with normal term pregnancies and normal fetal heart rate patterns. Funic acid-base parameters were compared by type of anesthesia when stratified by mode of delivery (vaginal, cesarean section in the active phase of labor, or elective cesarean section). Use of epidural analgesia for vaginal delivery was associated with significantly longer labor, lower umbilical arterial pH, higher arterial PCO2 and arterial bicarbonate values. In women who had cesarean section in the active phase of labor, use of epidural anesthesia was associated with significantly lower arterial and venous PO2 values when compared with women who received general anesthesia. Patients who had elective cesarean section with epidural anesthesia had funic acid-base values similar to women who had general anesthesia. Epidural analgesia-anesthesia offers no clear advantage to the uncompromised term fetus.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty as Current Treatment for Ankle Arthritis

Arthritis of the ankle can cause pain, joint incongruence, diminished motion, and functional disability. The traditional surgical treatment for ankle arthritis that has failed nonsurgical management is joint arthrodesis. However, ankle arthrodesis is not without shortcomings, which include the development of gait dysfunction and adjacent joint arthritis. Such problems promoted interest in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) as early as the 1970s. In contrast to arthrodesis, TAA can have a wider variety of complications rather than ones that are worse. It is critical to view the shortcomings of modern TAA with a careful analysis of the literature. Several studies suggest that surgeon factors may play a role in certain complications. Other texts conclude that patient characteristics may be related to certain difficulties with TAA. These factors include age and pre-operative deformity. In an appropriate patient population, TAA performed by experienced surgeons reliably provides high clinical scores and satisfaction. Modern TAA is highly predictable in providing good to excellent clinical results that are as good, if not better, than ankle arthrodesis. TAA offers patients significantly improved function and decreased pain with high satisfaction rates. By conserving ankle motion, TAA approximates more of a normal gait pattern than arthrodesis. TAA also reliably decreases stresses on joints adjacent to the ankle such as the subtalar joint. For the right patient, ankle arthroplasty rather than arthrodesis is the better treatment option.
A brief note on minimax optimal trees

Abstract The paper addresses the problem of finding doubly-chained tree structures for data storage which are best in the sense of minimizing maximum search time as opposed to the usual objective of minimizing average search time. The feasibility of pursuing the latter invariably rests upon assuming a uniform distribution of inquiries, which is often not a valid assumption. As a result, some situations might be treated more appropriately by seeking solutions that minimize maximum search times. It is shown that for the case of equally costly horizontal and vertical search steps, the solution found for minimizing the average is at the same time a minimax solution. In the more general case, that is not necessarily so, but a minimax solution is easily found.
Fast determination of tetracycline antibiotics in different media by high-performance liquid chromatography

The use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the identification and determination of tetracycline antibiotics is reviewed. HPLC chromatograms provide fast identification by retention time, tR, and precise quantitation by measurement of peak height or peak area. For separation of tetracycline compounds, most HPLC methods use reversed-phase C18 or C8 columns and UV detection. The HPLC solvent system should have a pH of about 6 to prevent steric changes in the tetracycline molecule. For accurate quantitation it is necessary to avoid tailing and this is accomplished by adding a zwitter ion to the solvent system. Methanol and acetonitrile are frequently used as organic modifiers in these solvent systems. In a single analysis, HPLC methods can be used to separate as many as nine or ten commercially used tetracycline compounds and to determine four to five tetracyclines in commercial tetracycline preparations or in biological fluids.
Termination of pseudopregnancy in the rat alters the response to progesterone, chlordiazepoxide, and MK-801 in the elevated plus-maze

Rationale Allopregnanolone, a neurosteroid-reduced metabolite of progesterone, is a well-documented positive modulator of the γ-aminobutyric type A (GABAA) receptor. As has been reported for other positive modulators of the GABAA receptor, chronic exposure to neurosteroids is hypothesized to decrease GABAA receptor function. Drawing from the literature on chronic exposure to benzodiazepines or alcohol, putative changes in N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function are also expected after chronic neurosteroid exposure.
Availability of dissolved oxygen in interstitial waters of a sandy creek

Dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity and alkalinity of surface and subsurface interstitial waters were investigated at Mill Creek (a small, rural, predominantly sandy stream in east Texas).
A Microprocessor Based CAMAC Data Acquisition System for Use in High Energy Physics

A high energy physics CAMAC data acquisition system is described which consists of a Motorola 68000 microprocessor monoboard system interfaced to two Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) UNIBUSes. The system can be replicated any number of times (n) as a peripheral device on a host UNIBUS. This allows for n parallel channels of DMA data acquisition on n auxiliary UNIBUSes each with a CAMAC branch driver and 256 Kbytes of memory. Thus, the system reduces the time required to acquire data by a factor of ~n and simultaneously increases the total memory buffer available to the host UNIBUS by a factor of n. Such a technique is useful at fixed target particle accelerators where data is collected at a high instantaneous rates for a small fraction (10-25%) of the overall cycle time.