cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reperfusion brain injury Focus on cellular bioenergetics

Energy production for the maintenance of brain function fails rapidly with the onset of ischemia and is reinstituted with timely reperfusion. The key bioenergetic organelle, the mitochondrion, is strongly affected by a cascade of events occurring with ischemia and reperfusion. Enhanced production of reactive oxygen species, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and an inflammatory response are induced by reperfusion and have a profound effect on cellular bioenergetics in reversible stroke. The impact of perturbed bioenergetics on cellular homeostasis/function during and after ischemia are discussed. Because mitochondrial function can be compromised by derangements at more than one of the susceptible sites on this organelle, we propose that a combination therapy is needed for the restoration and maintenance of cellular bioenergetics after reperfusion.
Comparison of Arthroscopic Lavage and Needle Lavage Techniques, and Lavage Volume on the Recovery of Colored Microspheres From the Tarsocrural Joints of Cadaver Horses.

Objective To quantify recovery of colored microspheres from normal cadaver tarsocrural joints using arthroscopic or needle lavage with 1–5 L of fluid. Study Design Ex vivo experimental study. Animals Adult Quarter Horse cadavers (n = 8). Methods After euthanasia, 1.5 × 106 colored microspheres were injected into each tarsocrural joint. Each joint was randomly assigned to receive lavage (5 L 0.9% NaCl) with an arthroscope (dorsomedial arthroscope and dorsolateral egress cannula) or three 14 g needles (dorsomedial ingress, dorsolateral, and plantarolateral egress). Egress fluid from each liter was collected separately over time and the number of microspheres present in each recovered liter determined by spectrophotometry. Results A significant interaction was present between treatment group and liter of fluid (P < .01). The number of microspheres recovered in the first liter of lavage fluid was significantly higher in the needle lavage group than in the arthroscopic lavage group (P < .01). For both groups, the number of microspheres recovered in the first liter of lavage fluid represented a majority of the total microspheres collected and was significantly different from each subsequent liter collected (P < .01). The number of microspheres recovered did not differ between liters 2, 3, 4, and 5 within or between treatment groups. Conclusion In this model, tarsocrural lavage with three 14 g needles was more effective at removing colored microspheres from the joint than arthroscopic lavage, suggesting that the number or placement of portals present may be more important than portal size and flow rate. No difference in microsphere recovery was seen with lavage volumes >1 L.
Optical modeling of media for heat assisted magnetic recording

The validity of effective medium theory for modeling nanocomposite thin films interacting with a plasmonic nanoantenna has been investigated using an optical circuit model and finite-difference time-domain simulations. We show that in the regime where the size of the optical beam generated by the nanoantenna is comparable to the feature size inside the thin film, the effective medium theory is not valid anymore. We demonstrate that using effective medium theory can cause a dramatic error in the performance analysis of applications such as heat assisted magnetic recording that work at this regime. Therefore, we develop a theoretical framework based on circuit theory at optical frequencies to study and design nanocomposite thin films for these applications.
Imputation and Model-Based Updating Techniques for Annual Forest Inventories

The USDAForest Serviceis developingan annual inventorysystem to establish the _=__ capabilityof producing annualestimatesoftimbervolumeandrelatedvariables.The inventory system - features measurementof an annualsample of field plots with optionsfor updatingdata for plots _ p__t. measuredin previousyears.Oneimputationandtwomodel-based updatingtechniquesaredescribed oj_ •and evaluatedwithrespectto the bias and precisionoftheir annualestimatesof basalarea per unit • _ =. area.Theevaluationsindicatethat simpleplot-levelimputationandmodel-basedupdatingtechniques El produceadequatelyunbiasedand preciseestimatesof annualmeanbasalareaperunit areafor large areas. FOR. Scl.47(3):322-330.
Gas-Phase Structure and Dissociation Chemistry of Protonated Tryptophan Elucidated by Infrared Multiple-Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy

We report infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectra of protonated tryptophan, TrpH+, as well as the dissociation products from NH3 loss, [Trp+H−NH3]+, and subsequent CH2CO loss, [Trp+H−NH3−CH2CO]+. These results were obtained using a custom-built mass spectrometer, where the mass-isolated ions were photodissociated by a tunable optical parametric oscillator laser in a reduced-pressure (i.e., 10−5 mbar) “Paul-type” 3D ion trap. A comparison to computed spectra of putative conformations for TrpH+ shows that the protonated amino group, NH3+, interacts with the carboxylic acid carbonyl oxygen and the aromatic indole side chain. Ammonia loss is confirmed to occur via nucleophilic attack from C3 on the indole side chain, as opposed to C2 or C4, resulting in a spirocyclopropane structure with the charge located on the indole side chain. For the consecutive [Trp+H−NH3−CH2CO]+ product, the agreement with theory is slightly less persuasive, even if the qualitative trends are in accordance with the propo...
Captan: A Promising Fungicide for Management of Chalkbrood Diseases in the Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee

Data on the relationship of different doses of Captan, when incorporated into provision, and incidence of chalkbrood and egg mortality of Megachile rotundata (F.) were presented. A dose of about 0.06 g of Captan/g of provision experimentally laden with spores of either Ascosphaera aggregata Skou or A. proliperda Skou, reduced the incidence of chalkbrood disease caused by either fungus from 60 to <10% in the bee larvae tested. Doses of double value or higher were lethal to the first instars.
Infantile subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy. Report of a case.

A case of an uncommon neuropathological disorder in a 3 years 11 months old girl is reported. The parient presented a gradually progressive course manifested by an initial feeding difficulty and subsequent failure of normal growth and development, neurological signs and symptoms, and eventual death.
ARNAUT, Ana Paula. Post-Modernismo no romance português contemporâneo. Fios de Ariadne. Máscaras de Proteu.

ARNAUT, Ana Paula. Post-Modernismo no romance portugues contemporâneo. Fios de Ariadne. Mascaras de Proteu.
Epidemiological survey of hypertension among residents in a community in Shengli oil field

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among residents in a community in Shengli Oil Field.Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to collect a total of 3 471 residents over the age of 18 years for a self-designed questionnaire survey from the mining groups,community hospitals,community administrative units and food service units governed by Shengli Oil Field from September to November in 2010.The data were standardized according to the demographic data from China Statistical Yearbook 2010.χ2test was used for count data,multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis for related factors,the result of P0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results For community residents,the prevalence of hypertension was 15.04%,and the standardized prevalence rate was 14.99%(26.04% for males and 6.77% for females).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that male gender(OR=1.67,95%CI 1.16-2.40), advanced age(OR=2.07,95%CI 1.78-2.42),drinking(OR=1.96,95%CI 1.43-2.67),inadequate intake of fruits(OR=1.54,95%CI 1.16-2.06) and obesity(OR=1.58,95%CI 1.43-1.73) were risk factors for hypertension among residents in this community.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is relatively lower among residents in this community.Male gender,advanced age, drinking,inadequate intake of fruits and obesity are risk factors for hypertension.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: Clinical Complexities of Aberrant Coagulation

When the critically ill patient's clinical course is complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), significant physiologic disequilibrium and life-threatening multisystem events ensue. DIC occurs when an underlying pathologic condition triggers overstimulation of the normal coagulation mechanism resulting in a perplexing clinical picture of disseminated coagulation and excessive fibrinolysis. This article presents a review of normal coagulation physiology and the alterations producing the physiology derangements in DIC. Diagnostic and clinical assessment parameters and therapeutic management goals for the critically ill DIC patient also are included. The critical care nurse's role in knowledgeable assessment, rapid intervention, and ongoing evaluation of the patient's therapeutic responses are essential to maximize positive outcomes for the DIC patient.
The Lesbian Daughter

Palko offers a comparative reading of Michelle Cliff’s No Telephone to Heaven and Emma Donoghue’s Hood that explores how Irish and Caribbean literatures focus on the lesbian daughter first prior to considering maternal subjectivities. She contextualizes this reading by considering Irish and Caribbean cultural attitudes toward lesbianism. Cliff and Donoghue write the lesbian into their respective canons, in a fraught entry that requires the daughter to name and accept her own daughterless status. Palko draws on the work of Nancy Chodorow to understand how, by positioning the new lesbian protagonist as daughter, these novels create an erotic triangle between daughter–mother–lover; in this narrative formulation, the lesbian love relationship facilitates the daughter’s reconciliation with the mother at the price of the renunciation of her own (potential) maternity.
Misclassifications of Hispanics Using Fordisc 3.1: Comparing Cranial Morphology in Asian and Hispanic Populations†

It has been brought to the attention of the authors of Fordisc 3.1 that Hispanic samples will often misclassify as Japanese when Asian population samples are included. This study examined this problem in an effort to better document the occurrence and deduce possible causes via comparative analyses. Asian and Hispanic samples were first compared utilizing the existing samples from the University of Tennessee's Forensic Data Bank. Additional modern Japanese, Thai, and Korean samples collected by the first author that have previously not been utilized in analyses were subsequently included. Results of this study confirm frequent rates of misclassification among Hispanic and Japanese groups. Furthermore, a close morphological relationship is identified through further group comparisons and the addition of data used in conjunction with Fordisc samples. Similarities identified among Hispanic and Japanese crania may stem from similar population histories reflected in ancestral Native American and East Asian populations.
Assessing environmental inequalities in the city of Santiago (Chile) with a hierarchical multiscale approach

Abstract Environmental inequalities are a common characteristic of urban areas. Environmental inequality is the unequal spatial distribution of environmental risks and goods among social groups. As environmental inequalities are inherently a spatial matter the choice of scale is essential for correctly understanding inequality issues and for designing proper and effective mitigation policies. However, the potential effects of scale of analysis on inequalities results have largely been underestimated in the assessment of environmental inequalities, leading to contradictory results from different studies. In this study we assess the patterns of environmental inequalities and associated scale issues in the city of Santiago (Chile) using a hierarchical multiscale approach. Our approach focuses on the analysis of spatial relationships between three environmental (i.e., surface temperature, air pollution, vegetation cover) and two socio-demographic variables (i.e., household wealth, population density) on multiple grain sizes and extents. We used census data, remote sensing data, and air pollution monitoring stations to generate raster layers at five grain sizes and five nested extents. We tested for inequalities through Pearson correlation analysis resulting in a total of 1530 assessed relationships. Our results show that environmental inequalities are a prevalent phenomenon in the city of Santiago, but the details of these inequalities are highly scale dependent. Changing the grain size and extent of analysis do not only affect the strength of relationships between socio-demographic and environmental variables, but also the spatial distribution of environmental inequalities across the urban landscape. Therefore, due to the scale-dependence of assessment results, researchers and decision-makers should be extremely careful when interpreting their findings and translating them into policy making. If the scale dependency of environmental inequalities is not taken into account, policy interventions may be largely ineffective because the scale at which interventions are designed may not match the scale at which inequalities are generated.
The novel asymmetric entry intermediate of a picornavirus captured with nanodiscs

Many nonenveloped viruses engage host receptors that initiate capsid conformational changes necessary for genome release. Structural studies on the mechanisms of picornavirus entry have relied on in vitro approaches of virus incubated at high temperatures or with excess receptor molecules to trigger the entry intermediate or A-particle. We have induced the coxsackievirus B3 entry intermediate by triggering the virus with full-length receptors embedded in lipid bilayer nanodiscs. These asymmetrically formed A-particles were reconstructed using cryo-electron microscopy and a direct electron detector. These first high-resolution structures of a picornavirus entry intermediate captured at a membrane with and without imposing icosahedral symmetry (3.9 and 7.8 A, respectively) revealed a novel A-particle that is markedly different from the classical A-particles. The asymmetric receptor binding triggers minimal global capsid expansion but marked local conformational changes at the site of receptor interaction. In addition, viral proteins extrude from the capsid only at the site of extensive protein remodeling adjacent to the nanodisc. Thus, the binding of the receptor triggers formation of a unique site in preparation for genome release.
Tinker: Generating Custom Memory Architectures for Altera's OpenCL Compiler

Tools for C/C++ based-hardware development have grown in popularity in recent years. However, the impact of these tools has been limited by their lack of support for integration with vendor IP, external memories, and communication peripherals. In this paper we introduce Tinker, an open-source Board Support Package generator for Altera's OpenCL Compiler. Board Support Packages define memory, communication, and IP ports for easy integration with high level synthesis cores. Tinker abstracts the low-level hardware details of hardware development when creating board support packages and greatly increases the flexibility of OpenCL development. Tinker currently generates custom memory architectures from user specifications. We use our tool to generate a variety of architectures and apply them to two application kernels.
Animula: What the Simple Soul Knows, or “Living first in the silence after the viaticum”

Among the similarities of Animula to The Cultivation of Christmas Trees is their fundamental form: both are essays. The essay-poem Animula traces changes in “the little soul.” It “progresses” from child-like to both offending and perplexed, thence to “irresolute and selfish, misshapen, lame, / Unable to fare forward or retreat.” It thus misses (out on) “the warm reality,” the good that is available to and for it, for it denies “the importunity of the blood.” The poem also suggests that “the little soul” comes to live first “after the viaticum,” the final words of the Last Rites, at that point sent on its “way,” its “journey,” born in and with death.
Communicating About Choices in Transplantation (COACH): Results of a Pilot Test Using Matched Controls

Introduction:Previous research highlights the difficulties patients with end-stage renal disease awaiting kidney transplant experience while attempting to manage both the logistical and the content...
Teach Access: Preparing Computing Students for Industry (Abstract Only)

This lightning talk will introduce Teach Access (www.teachaccess.org) an initiative comprised of technology industry professionals and educators working together to make accessibility foundational to higher education degrees. Technology companies dedicated to accessibility have faced the common challenge of hiring designers, engineers and researchers with accessibility knowledge/experience that are prepared to build inclusive products and services. Similarly, academic programs in design, engineering and HCI are seeking ways to better prepare students for jobs in industry that require them to address accessibility and the needs of society's diverse populations. Given this shared challenge, industry, academia and advocacy have come together through the Teach Access initiative to create new models for teaching and training students of technology to create accessible experiences. Teach Access membership includes companies such as Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Yahoo and several other tech leaders, as well as leading academic institutions like the University of Washington, Stanford, MIT, CMU, the Cal State System and more. Teach Access has successfully launched an accessibility tutorial for public consumption as well as submitting comments to ABET addressing the inclusion of accessibility in accreditation. Our participation in SIGCES is important to evangelize our efforts and build a cohesive community between industry and education.
Curriculum Mapping Models and Other Processes That Might Work for Nonprofit and Philanthropy Accreditation

In this paper, I examine the multidisciplinary nature of nonprofit and philanthropy education and use three disciplines, business, public administration, and social work, that currently have established accreditation standards for purposes of illustration and comparison. I then explain the accreditation standards that cover curriculum mapping and give examples that would be relevant or transferable to the NACC accreditation curriculum mapping process.
More Evidence Linking Smoke-Free Legislation and Lower Risk of Prematurity and Low Birth Weight.

Premature and low birth weight infants have increased mortality and morbidities including chronic respiratory symptoms, neurocognitive deficits, feeding difficulties, and retinopathy of prematurity. These sequelae often result in prolonged hospitalizations, frequent readmissions, and need for subspecialty care. Direct and indirect costs for the care of these children can be significant. Reduction of maternal secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy has been identified as a modifiable risk factor for both preterm and low birth weight infants. The most recent US Surgeon General’s report on secondhand smoke noted a causal relationship between maternal exposure to secondhand smoke and a reduction in birth weight as well as a suggestive relationship between the same exposure and preterm delivery,1 underscoring the … Address correspondence to Karen M. Wilson, MD, MPH, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1198, New York, NY 10029. E-mail: karen.wilson{at}mssm.edu
Identifying Core Concepts of Cybersecurity: Results of Two Delphi Processes

This paper presents and analyzes results of two Delphi processes that polled cybersecurity experts to rate cybersecurity topics based on importance, difficulty, and timelessness. These ratings can be used to identify core concepts–cross-cutting ideas that connect knowledge in the discipline. The first Delphi process identified core concepts that should be learned in any first course on cybersecurity. The second identified core concepts that any cybersecurity professional should know upon graduating from college. Despite the rapidly growing demand for cybersecurity professionals, it is not clear what defines foundational cybersecurity knowledge. Initial data from the Delphi processes lay a foundation for defining the core concepts of the field and, consequently, provide a common starting point to accelerate the development of rigorous cybersecurity education practices. These results provide a foundation for developing evidence-based educational cybersecurity assessment tools that will identify and measure effective methods for teaching cybersecurity. The Delphi results can also be used to inform the development of curricula, learning exercises, and other educational materials and policies.
Identification of Germline Variants in Tumor Genomic Sequencing Analysis.

This Correspondence relates to the article by Li et al (Standards and Guidelines for the Interpretation and Reporting of Sequence Variants in Cancer: A Joint Consensus Recommendation of the Association for Molecular Pathology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the College of American Pathologists. J Mol Diagn 2017, 19:4-23).
Distributed sensing in capacitive conductive composites

In this paper, we describe a capacitance-based strain field sensor. The device is interrogated at a single location, and uses multiple excitation frequencies to resolve the spatial distribution of strain. The system we model is representative of a capacitor composed of a graphite-based conductive elastomer composite in a silicone binder with a silicone dielectric layer. We utilize an artificial neural network to reconstruct the strain based on the magnitude of the measured impedance. Our analysis uses finite element simulation to demonstrate the concept in a onedimensional application. We demonstrate that multiple elements can be interrogated using a single electrical interface, reducing the complexity of high deformation sensor arrays.
Modeling and Parameter Estimation of Ultrasonic Backscattered Echoes

Ultrasonic backscattered echoes represent not only the impulse response of the ultrasonic transducer, but also contain information pertaining to the inhomogeneity of the propagation path, effect of frequency dependent absorption and scattering, dispersion effect, and geometric shape, size and orientation of reflectors. Therefore, a well-defined modeling of the backscattered echoes leading to the estimation of arrival time, echo skewness, center frequency, and bandwidth is highly desirable for the nondestructive evaluation of materials [1]. In this paper, we model the backscattered echoes, assuming that all parameters describing the shape of the echo are unknown. Then, iterative parameter estimation techniques such as the Gauss-Newton method [2] or Simplex-Search method [3] have been applied to estimate echo parameters. These algorithms have been evaluated in terms of rate of convergence, sub-optimal estimation due to local minima, and presence of noise.
Hospital-Based Approach to the Management of Venous Thromboembolism

The primary goal of venous thromboembolism (VTE) management is to prevent fatal pulmonary embolism (PE). It has long been recognized that venous thrombi in the deep veins of the legs are the source of more than 90% of fatal pulmonary emboli [1,2]. Thrombi that develop in the proximal deep leg veins (i.e. the iliofemoral system) are particularly prone to embolize. One of the great challenges confronting clinicians in hospital-based practice is that the clinical diagnosis of VTE is not speci~c. VTE is clinically suspected in approximately 600,000 patients each year, but is con~rmed in only one third [3]. Further increasing the diagnostic challenge, a clinical diagnosis of VTE is not sensitive [4]. Only one in three patients with clinically signi~cant VTE are clinically suspected (Figure 1). Even physicians who are aware of the dangers of VTE must struggle to identify high-risk patients and to make a ~rm diagnosis. The potential public health impact of VTE is considerable, with the potential for overuse of diagnostic tests, on the one hand, and high morbidity and mortality, on the other. Clearly, the identi~cation of high-risk patients and the institution of effective preventive strategies are vital in the comprehensive management of VTE[5]. The odds of acute proximal DVT vary widely from 1:2000 in the general population to 1:3 in hospitalized patients with VTE signs and symptoms (e.g., calf or thigh pain, leg swelling, unexplained dyspnea; Table 1). While VTE signs and symptoms are generally not suf~ciently speci~c to form a basis for treatment decisions, they are suf~cient to justify an order for objective tests. Because a majority of patients with VTE do not have clinical signs or symptoms, including patients with proximal thrombi involving the iliofemoral system (i.e., those most likely to embolize) and patients who die from PE [6], a high index of suspicion must be maintained in hospitalized patients. Particular attention should be given to patients with recognized VTE risk factors (Table 2).
Language Matters: Developing Educators’ Expertise for English Learners in Linguistically Diverse Communities

The population of English learners (ELs) continues to grow in schools across the United States and around the world. In this article, we share one urban university’s collaborative approach to build...
Surrogate Testimony After Williams: A New Answer to the Question of Who May Testify Regarding the Contents of a Laboratory Report

The Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the accused the right “to be confronted with the witnesses against him.” However, for the past few years, the Supreme Court has struggled to determine just how this right applies to reports produced by forensic laboratories. On the one hand, forensic laboratories make mistakes. Sometimes, they even engage in fraudulent science. It seems clear that defendants should have some means of assessing the credibility of these laboratories’ reports, and the method that the Constitution prescribes is cross-examination. On the other hand, however, scientific reports are quite different from statements made by lay witnesses. There are already a number of procedures in place to ensure the reliability of scientific evidence. Is cross-examination still necessary? More importantly, a report produced by a laboratory is usually created by a number of laboratory workers. This presents a crucial question: Which individual must testify in order for a report to be introduced as evidence in a trial? In the Court’s most recent decision on the issue, Williams v. Illinois, the Court provided no clear answer to this important question. The Court held that the witness in that case could testify to a conclusion based on a report received from a different laboratory, and make some references to that report in the process, without any person from the other laboratory testifying. But there was no single majority rationale in the case. Nonetheless, the plurality seemed to consider a number of factors in reaching its decision. This Note draws on some of the factors that the plurality seemed to focus on in Williams (although the plurality did not explicitly consider these factors as a part of any test) to propose a new answer to the question of who must testify. Specifically, this Note proposes that a witness who did not observe or participate in the testing process should nonetheless be allowed to testify regarding the contents of a
Analysis and improvement of the Security Capability of Bluetooth System

The security capability is a very important matter of the Bluetooth system. The factors that can affect the security of the system are manifold. The author of this paper makes a detail on the security capability of the Bluetooth system and analyzes the potential problems with the system. The author points out that because of the small value space of the initial key, it is vulnerable to the brute attack and that its key exchange protocol is very susceptible on the beginning phrase to the DOS attack due to time delay in the channel. Finally, the author proposed that the public key scheme introduced to solve the problem in the Bluetooth system.
MicroRNAs in Endocrine Diseases

MicroRNAs are noncoding single-stranded 18- to 24-nt long RNAs that regulate diverse cellular processes, including cell death and proliferation.1 Production and function of microRNA requires a set of proteins.2.
Adenoviral transduction of EGFR into pregnancy-adapted uterine artery endothelial cells remaps growth factor induction of endothelial dysfunction.

Abstract During pregnancy, uterine vascular vasodilation is enhanced through adapted Ca2+ signaling, facilitated through increased endothelial connexin 43 (Cx43) gap junctional communication (GJC). In preeclampsia (PE), this adaptive response is missing. Of note, the angiogenic factor VEGF can also act via Src and ERK to close Cx43 gap junctions. While VEGFR2 is necessary for such closure, a role VEGFR1 is less clear. We reasoned if VEGFR2 is acting alone, then substituting another growth factor receptor with VEGFR2-like signaling should have the same effect. In uterine artery endothelial cells derived from pregnant sheep (P-UAEC), endogenous EGFR expression is very low. When we used adenovirus to raise EGFR, we also dose-dependently induced EGF-sensitive Cx43 phosphorylation mainly via ERK, and corresponding loss of Ca2+ bursts, but eliminated VEGF effects on phosphorylation of Cx43 or loss of Ca2+ bursting. This surprising observation suggests that while activated EGFR may indeed substitute for VEGFR2, it also sequesters a limited pool of effector molecules needed for VEGFR2 to phosphorylate Cx43. Thus, low endogenous EGFR expression in P-UAEC may be a necessary strategy to allow VEGFR-2 control of GJC, a first step in initiating angiogenesis in healthy pregnancy. Of further note, trophoblasts are rich in EGFR, and we have demonstrated shed PLAP+/EGFR + extracellular vesicles in maternal circulation in first trimester plasma samples using nanoscale high resolution flow cytometry. Collectively our data suggest that placenta derived exosomes positive for EGFR should be further considered as a possible cause of endothelial dysfunction in women with PE.
H2NDN: Supporting Connected Vehicle Applications with Hierarchical Hyperbolic NDN

Connected vehicle (CV) has emerged as a new computing and networking paradigm recently that can enable many beneficial CV applications. In this paper, we argue that Named Data Networking (NDN) presents a good synergy with the needs of CV applications. This drives us to propose an NDN based CV application framework with a distributed data service model. However, the fast mobility and vast moving area of vehicles lead to significant challenges on the efficiency and scalability of the underlying NDN backbone in the framework. To handle this issue, we propose a novel hierarchical hyperbolic NDN architecture (H2NDN). By taking advantage of the location dependency of CV applications, we design a hierarchical router topology and the associated namespace. This enables Interest packets from CV applications to be forwarded towards Data (cache) holders efficiently through static FIB configuration. However, the resultant hierarchical routing can easily overload high-level routers. Thus, we further integrate hyperbolic routing into the architecture through carefully designed hyperbolic planes in the hierarchical topology. As a result, the load is better balanced to ensure the overall scalability. Finally, extensive NDNsim based simulation with real traffic data proves the efficiency and scalability of the proposed H2NDN architecture.
EFFECT OF CHAIR YOGA ON FRAILTY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH LOWER EXTREMITY OSTEOARTHRITIS: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

This study examined whether chair yoga (CY) could reduce severity of frailty in community-dwelling older adults with lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA). Participants were randomly assigned to CY or health education program (HEP) at each of two sites and attended twice-weekly 45-minute sessions for 8 weeks. Data were collected at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks. For primary analysis, followed by Rockwood’s suggesiton, 97 deficits/variables measuring OA symptoms, physical function, balance, fatigue, depression, social activities, and life satisfaction were used to construct a frailty index, ranging from 0 to 1. Fewer deficits/variables were used to construct three alternative versions of the index. Linear mixed-effects models with random intercept were used to analyze longitudinal repeated outcome measures. A total of 112 participants (n = 63 CY, n = 49 HEP; 75.3[7.5] years; 76% female, 46% Hispanic) completed the study. After adjusting for site, cohort effect, and baseline of frailty, there was no significantly greater decline in frailty in the CY group compared to the HEP group (between-group difference, -0.019; 95% CI, -0.063 to 0.025) or the trend of changes in the index (p for interaction = .489). Additional adjustment for baseline characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, living alone, health status, pain medication) did not change results substantially. Secondary analysis of three alternative versions of the index indicated similar nonsignificant changes. Thus, an 8-week CY intervention did not reduce severity of frailty in older adults with lower extremity OA. A longer duration of CY with a larger sample size is needed.
Effects of conditioned media from murine lung cancer cells and human tumor cells on cultured myotubes

Factors secreted from tumors/tumor cells are hypothesized to cause skeletal muscle wasting in cancer patients. We examined whether cancer cells secrete factors to promote atrophy by evaluating the ...
Cyto-histo correlations of plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of high-grade urothelial carcinoma: do they fit well in The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology?

Introduction Plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) exhibit unique histologic morphology and very aggressive clinical behavior. However, the morphology of these 2 variants in urinary cytology is not well studied and evaluated using The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology. Materials and methods A database search was performed in all patients with the diagnosis of plasmacytoid or micropapillary HGUC. A total of 5 patients with positive urinary cytology cases were identified. The cytomorphology of every urinary cytology case was correlated with the histologic features in the surgical specimens from the same patient. Results One urine and 4 bladder washings were evaluated. Cytologically, plasmacytoid HGUCs are characterized by single, large tumor cells with hyperchromasia, irregular nuclear membranes, and vacuolated cytoplasm. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio was less than 0.5 in many of the malignant cells due to the abundant cytoplasm. The cytology features of micropapillary HGUC include the presence of micropapillae of tumor cells with no fibrovascular core. Individual high-grade urothelial cells were also identified in all 4 cases, but 1 (25%) of these had only rare cells meeting The Paris System criteria for HGUC due to abundant cytoplasm and lack of hyperchromasia in most malignant cells. Conclusions Plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of HGUC have unique cytomorphologic features in urinary cytology specimens, which are reflective of the corresponding histological findings. These 2 clinically aggressive variants of HGUC may not be as readily interpreted as malignant using The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology, creating potential diagnostic pitfalls.
UNSTABLE $sub 1$H$sup 4$ FRAGMENT FROM THE CAPTURE OF A $Sigma$/sUP -/ HYPERON

A 10\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}15\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}5 cm stack of Ilford G-5 emulsion was exposed to the 3.0-Bev ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-meson beam of the Berkeley Bevatron. A number of events involving $K$-mesons, hyperons, and hyperfragments have been observed. One interesting case is discussed here. A nine prong star is produced by a ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ meson, from which a ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ hyperon emerges. This in turn produces a star with three visible prongs, one of which is a $_{1}\mathrm{H}^{4}$-hyperfragment decaying into two visible colinear tracks, one of which has been identified as a ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ meson. This ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ meson was followed to the end of its range, and its energy was determined to be 51\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1 Mev, making it possible to calculate a reliable value for the binding energy of the ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}^{0}$ in the fragment. The result yielded 3.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1 Mev. Analysis of the particles emerging from the ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ star showed that momentum balance could be achieved by assuming emission of a high-energy neutron, whose calculated energy of 41 Mev agrees well with the energy of 42 Mev for a neutron produced in the postulated elementary interaction ${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}^{0}+n+Q$.
Holographic subdiffusion

We initiate a study of finite temperature transport in gapless and strongly coupled quantum theories with charge and dipole conservation using gauge-gravity duality. In a model with non-dynamical gravity, the bulk fields of our model include a suitable mixed-rank tensor which encodes the boundary multipole symmetry. We describe how such a theory can arise at low energies in a theory with a covariant bulk action. Studying response functions at zero density, we find that charge relaxes via a fourth-order subdiffusion equation, consistent with a recently-developed field-theoretic framework.
An Integrated State-Space Model For Grid Feeding and Grid Forming Inverters

As the penetration of power electronic-based resources increases, the power grid dynamics changes. The impact of the phase-locked loop (PLL) and hierarchical controllers used in grid feeding and grid forming voltage source inverters (VSI) can cause stability issues based on energy resource dynamics and grid conditions (weaker or stronger). To understand the stability conditions and design appropriate control methods to reduce the oscillations, there is a need to develop an integrated closed-loop model especially to capture the integrated dynamics on the inverter modes of operation (grid-forming and grid feeding). In this digest, we demonstrate a method to develop a state-space mathematical framework that can capture the closed-loop system dynamics of VSI in both modes of operation as well as during the transition. The proposed model is verified with time-domain simulations under different perturbation scenarios and used for controller tuning.
Parcel Tax in California: Findings from New Data Sources

This article examines parcel taxes in California counties, cities, and special districts. Unique to California, the parcel tax is commonly known as a lump-sum tax applied to parcels of real property to finance local public services. Some scholars and practitioners argue that the parcel tax can be a good source of local revenue because of its simplicity. Since the 1980s, parcel tax adoption has grown, despite requiring two-thirds approval in a local referendum. In 2018 alone, California had about 100 parcel tax elections. Despite the increase in adoption, scholars and practitioners have not had a good understanding of the nature and use of the parcel tax. I fill this gap by collecting and analyzing parcel tax ballot measures from 1995 through 2018. Since 2016, the state has mandated that local governments submit parcel tax financial reports, which I also use. I find that parcel tax structure is far more fragmented across local governments than previously understood.
Prognostic Factors for Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma

Although surgical treatment is often curative for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), about 20–30% of those with localized disease at presentation will recur after initial treatment. Many clinical, histologic, and molecular factors have been identified that place patients with localized RCC at greater risk for recurrence or death. In this chapter, factors affecting RCC prognosis in patients with localized disease, including patient and tumor characteristics, as well as integrated prognostic algorithms developed for use prior to or after nephrectomy are reviewed. These prognostic tools allow for more accurate counseling of patients regarding their likely clinical course, help to classify patients with greatest potential to benefit from adjuvant treatments, and facilitate ongoing cancer surveillance.
Urinary Kininogen: A Possible Regulator of Kinin Formation in Normal Individuals and Subjects with Essential Hypertension, End-Stage Renal and Liver Disease

Most previous studies have not significantly correlated urinary kallikrein to urinary kinins. We investigated whether urinary kininogen might influence kinin formation within the urine. On an ad-lib diet the 24 hour excretion of total and intact kininogen, kinins and kallikrein was determined in 24 control subjects, 20 untreated essential hypertensives, 12 vith end-stage renal disease and 8 subjects with liver disease. Kallikrein and kinins were measured by a direct radioimmunoassay. Total kininogen was determined from the sum of preformed kinins and kinins generated after trypsin (intact kininogen), Cross reactivity between purified human low molecular weight kininogen and bradykinin antiserum was 3%. Total and intact kininogen were significantly correlated with kinins in controls, essential hypertension and liver disease. In essential hypertension, end-stage renal and liver diseases kinins were significantly decreased. This was associated with a reduction in kininogen but not kallikrein in essential hypertension and liver disease, and a reduction in kallikrein but not kininogen in end-stage renal disease. Thus, renal kinin generation in various states may be affected by either or both kininogen and kallikrein.
GaN electronic devices for future systems

There is an extensive effort to develop GaN and the related alloys for electronic device applications. The primary focus is the development of microwave power devices, and in this area, AlGaN/GaN HEMTs have demonstrated record output power densities. The motivation for pursuing GaN for microwave power applications and the current status of the GaN electronic device technology are presented.
The Jurisprudence of Poetic License

Whatever its contribution to the corpus of first amendment law, Chief Justice Rehnquist's dissent in Texas v. Johnson 1 provides a dismaying example of the use of history as a rationale for decision. Legal historians have long felt compelled to justify, or at least explain, the reasons for bothering to inquire into law's musty attic. Predictably, those explanations have assumed a variety of forms. One popular version is to the effect that the study of legal history will provide a guide to formulate present and future legal policy.2 Opposed to this notion is the idea that knowledge of legal history "explain[s], and therefore lighten[s], the pressure that the past must exercise upon the present, and the present upon the future. Today we study the day before yesterday, in order that yesterday may not paralyze today, and today may not paralyze tomorrow."3 In this view, "[1]aw must grow through re-interpretation of the past,"4 whether by exposing past error, pointing out prior foundational postulates now rejected, or simply by making clear the particular and contingent quality of legal reasoning over time.5 Related to this latter perspective is the contention that history never can fully answer our
Plac1 (placenta-specific 1) is widely expressed during fetal development and is associated with a lethal form of hydrocephalus

BACKGROUND Plac1 is an X-linked gene essential for normal placental development. Plac1 ablation is associated with placentomegaly and intrauterine growth retardation. Additionally, Plac1-null mice exhibit reduced postnatal viability. This study was conducted as part of our ongoing examination of the postnatal phenotype associated with Plac1 ablation. METHODS Plac1 was deleted in murine embryonic stem cells and bred against a C57BL/6 background. Mutant mice were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction–based strategy. Embryonic Plac1 expression was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and β-galactosidase expression. RESULTS A total of 20% of the surviving Xm-Y (knockout) males as well as 10–15% of the Xm-X females (mutant maternal allele) developed lethal hydrocephalus at 4–8 weeks. By contrast, XXp- hets (paternal null allele) did not. Plac1 mRNA expression was detected in the fetal brain that markedly decreased after birth. Plac1 mRNA expression localized to the hindbrain and lateral ventricles of wild-type embryos. Additionally, Plac1 expression was observed throughout the fetus including the fetal lungs, kidney, intestine, liver, and heart. Embryonic Plac1 expression was paternally imprinted with partial escape of the paternal allele from complete inactivation. The Plac1 protein localized to the apical surface of the epithelial cells lining the developing airways of the lung and proximal renal tubules, consistent with its localization in the differentiated syncytiotrophoblast. CONCLUSION Plac1 is expressed in the brain in a developmentally regulated manner and its absence is linked to increased risk for hydrocephalus. It is also widely expressed in fetal tissues expanding the existing paradigm to include direct tissue-specific roles during development. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 97:571–577, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Level Set Approach for the Numerical Simulation of Dendritic Growth

In this paper, we present a level set approach for the modeling of dendritic solidification. These simulations exploit a recently developed second order accurate symmetric discretization of the Poisson equation, see l12r. Numerical results indicate that this method can be used successfully on complex interfacial shapes and can simulate many of the physical features of dendritic solidification. We apply this algorithm to the simulation of the dendritic crystallization of a pure melt and find that the dendrite tip velocity and tip shapes are in excellent agreement with solvability theory. Numerical results are presented in both two and three spatial dimensions.
Times are changing: Parliamentarians' attitudes about press freedom in Zambia

(1999). Times are changing: Parliamentarians' attitudes about press freedom in Zambia. Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies: Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 62-79.