cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 10A has differential effects on dopamine D1 and D2 receptor modulation of sensorimotor gating.

Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A), an enzyme highly expressed in medium spiny neurons of the mammalian striatum, enhance activity in direct (dopamine D1 receptor-expressing) and indirect (D2 receptor-expressing striatal output) pathways. The ability of such agents to act to potentiate D1 receptor signaling while inhibiting D2 receptor signaling suggest that PDE10A inhibitors may have a unique antipsychotic-like behavioral profile differentiated from the D2 receptor antagonist-specific antipsychotics currently used in the treatment of schizophrenia. To evaluate the functional consequences of PDE10A inhibitor modulation of D1 and D2 receptor pathway signaling, we compared the effects of a PDE10A inhibitor (TP-10) on D1 and D2 receptor agonist-induced disruptions in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating disrupted in patients with schizophrenia. Our results indicate that, in rats: (1) PDE10A inhibition (TP-10, 0.32–10.0 mg/kg) has no effect on PPI disruption resulting from the mixed D1/D2 receptor agonist apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg), confirming previous report; (2) Yet, TP-10 blocked the PPI disruption induced by the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg); and attenuated apomorphine-induced disruptions in PPI in the presence of the D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 (0.005 mg/kg). These findings indicate that TP-10 cannot block dopamine agonist-induced deficits in PPI in the presence of D1 activation and suggest that the effect of PDE10A inhibition on D1 signaling may be counterproductive in some models of antipsychotic activity. These findings, and the contribution of TP-10 effects in the direct pathway on sensorimotor gating in particular, may have implications for the potential antipsychotic efficacy of PDE10A inhibitors.
Factors associated with reduced fertility and implantation rates in females mated to acrylamide-treated rats.

A series of studies was conducted to examine the role of copulatory dysfunction, spermatotoxicity, and/or impaired fertilization in the reduced rates of fertility and implantation observed in females mated to acrylamide-treated male rats. In initial experiments, males were gavaged with 0, 5, 15, 30, 45, or 60 mg/kg acrylamide (ACR) for 5 days and then mated serially to naive females. ACR treatment reduced fertility and increased pre- and post-implantation loss, primarily over the first 3 weeks post-treatment. The effects at Week 1 appeared to result from an interference in sperm transport as demonstrated by the absence of sperm in the uteri of females following a single ejaculation by ACR-treated male rats. The effect however was transient, with recovery of fertility in all but the 60 mg/kg group by Week 2. Attempts to explain the reduced rate of implantation concentrated on characterizing changes in measures of ejaculated sperm count and various motility parameters and evaluating sperm fertilizing ability. Males were again dosed acutely with ACR (p.o.). ACR produced statistically significant, but modest, alterations in sperm motility at Week 3. More prominent was the marked decrease in the number of fertilized ova recovered from females mated to ACR-treated males at Week 3. These data suggest that events critical to the fertilizing ability of the sperm appear to play a major role in the reduced reproductive competence associated with ACR treatment in male rats.
Immature Thymocytes Employ Distinct Signaling Pathways for Allelic Exclusion versus Differentiation and Expansion

T cell receptor (TCR) beta chain allelic exclusion occurs at the thymocyte CD4- 8- (double-negative, or DN) to CD4+ 8+ (double-positive, or DP) transition, concurrently with differentiation and cellular expansion, and is imposed by a negative feedback loop in which a product of the first rearranged TCRbeta allele arrests further recombination in the TCRbeta locus. All of the major events associated with the development of DP cells can be induced by the introduction of TCRbeta or activated Lck transgenes. Here, we present evidence that the signaling pathways that promote thymocyte differentiation and expansion of RAG-deficient DN cells but not those that suppress rearrangements of endogenous TCRbeta genes in normal DN cells are engaged by activated Ras. We propose that TCRbeta allelic exclusion is mediated by effector pathways downstream of Lck but independent of Ras.
Whose Probabilities? Predicting Climate Change with Ensembles of Models

Today’s most sophisticated simulation studies of future climate employ not just one climate model but a number of models. I explain why this “ensemble” approach has been adopted—namely, as a means of taking account of uncertainty—and why a comprehensive investigation of uncertainty remains elusive. I then defend a middle ground between two camps in an ongoing debate over the transformation of ensemble results into probabilistic predictions of climate change, highlighting requirements that I refer to as ownership, justification, and robustness.
Experimental measurement of accelerated erosion in a slurry pot tester

LBL-10044 Preprint LAWRENCE SE'RKELEY ' ~8()RA-r'()R)' JUL 9 Submitted to. i-!I3RARY ANL WEAR EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT OF ACCELERATED EROSION IN A SLURRY POT TESTER W. Tsai, J.A.C. Humphrey, I. Cornet and A. Levy April TWO-WEEK L y N This is a Library Circulating Copy which may be borrowed For a personal two weeks. copy, call Tech. Info. Division, Ext. 6782. Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48
Characters of finite quasigroups V: linear characters

The linear basic characters of a finite, non-empty quasigroup are all shown to come from the derived quotient. Under multiplication, they form an abelian group which acts on the non-linear basic characters. Aspects of the structure of quasigroups with a unique non-linear basic character are investigated.
Field-reversed configuration research at Los Alamos

Exploratory field-reversed-configuration (FRC) experiments, initiated at Los Alamos in the midseventies, demonstrated FRC lifetimes substantially longer than predicted from MHD stability theory. Subsequent experimental and theoretical advances have provided considerable understanding of FRC stability physics, the characteristics of the configuration loss processes, and the particle confinement scaling with size. The critical FRC physics issues, which directly relate to the development of an FRC fusion reactor and need to be addressed in a new generation of experiments, have been clearly identified.
Reinventing the will: A philosophy of the elements of the human mind

Stephen A. Tyler. The Said and the Unsaid; Mind, Meaning, and Culture. New York: Academic Press, 1978. xii + 487 pp.
An MLC-based linac QA procedure for the characterization of radiation isocenter and room lasers' position.

We have designed and implemented a new stereotactic linac QA test with stereotactic precision. The test is used to characterize gantry sag, couch wobble, cone placement, MLC offsets, and room lasers' positions relative to the radiation isocenter. Two MLC star patterns, a cone pattern, and the laser line patterns are recorded on the same imaging medium. Phosphor plates are used as imaging medium due to their sensitivity to red light. The red light of room lasers erases some of the irradiation information stored on the phosphor plates enabling accurate and direct measurements for the position of room lasers and radiation isocenter. Using film instead of the phosphor plate as imaging medium is possible, however, it is less practical. The QA method consists of irradiating four phosphor plates that record the gantry sag between the 0 deg.and 180 deg.gantry angles, the position and stability of couch rotational axis, the sag between the 90 deg.and 270 deg.gantry angles, the accuracy of cone placement on the collimator, the MLC offsets from the collimator rotational axis, and the position of laser lines relative to the radiation isocenter. The estimated accuracy of the method is {+-}0.2 mm. The observed reproducibility of the method is aboutmore » {+-}0.1 mm. The total irradiation/illumination time is about 10 min per image. Data analysis, including the phosphor plate scanning, takes less than 5 min for each image. The method characterizes the radiation isocenter geometry with the high accuracy required for the stereotactic radiosurgery. In this respect, it is similar to the standard ball test for stereotactic machines. However, due to the usage of the MLC instead of the cross-hair/ball, it does not depend on the cross-hair/ball placement errors with respect to the lasers and it provides more information on the mechanical integrity of the linac/couch/laser system. Alternatively, it can be used as a highly accurate QA procedure for the nonstereotactic machines. Noteworthy is its ability to characterize the MLC position accuracy, which is an important factor in IMRT delivery.« less
Differential effect of ATP on RNA and DNA release from nuclei of normal and neoplastic liver.

Abstract Nuclei isolated from differentiated normal liver, moderately differentiated Hepatoma 5123 and poorly differentiated Novikoff hepatoma have been compared with respect to ATP-dependence of messenger-like RNA release and resistance to lysis (DNA release) in a cell-free system containing homologous cytosol. The release of RNA from the nuclei of liver, Hepatoma 5123D and the Novikoff hepatoma was totally ATP-dependent, partially ATP-dependent and ATP-independent, repectively. The sensitivity of the nuclear RNA transport in the presence of ATP to beryllium nitrate, an inhibitor of a nuclear pore phosphatase, paralleled their ATP-dependence. Although RNA release from the nuclei of both liver and Novikoff hepatoma has an absolute requirement for cytosol proteins, the structural integrity of liver, but not Novikoff hepatoma nuclei in the presence of ATP, is dependent on macromolecules in the cytosol.
Orthogonal locality preserving indexing

We consider the problem of document indexing and representation. Recently, Locality Preserving Indexing (LPI) was proposed for learning a compact document subspace. Different from Latent Semantic Indexing which is optimal in the sense of global Euclidean structure, LPI is optimal in the sense of local manifold structure. However, LPI is extremely sensitive to the number of dimensions. This makes it difficult to estimate the intrinsic dimensionality, while inaccurately estimated dimensionality would drastically degrade its performance. One reason leading to this problem is that LPI is non-orthogonal. Non-orthogonality distorts the metric structure of the document space. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called Orthogonal LPI. Orthogonal LPI iteratively computes the mutually orthogonal basis functions which respect the local geometrical structure. Moreover, our empirical study shows that OLPI can have more locality preserving power than LPI. We compare the new algorithm to LSI and LPI. Extensive experimental results show that Orthogonal LPI obtains better performance than both LSI and LPI. More crucially, it is insensitive to the number of dimensions, which makes it an efficient data preprocessing method for text clustering, classification, retrieval, etc.
Strategies to prevent biofilm-based tympanostomy tube infections

Abstract Objective To review the potential contributory role of biofilms to post-tympanstomy tube otorrhea and plugging as well as the available interventions currently utilized to prevent biofilm formation on tympanostomy tubes. Data sources A literature review was performed utilizing the MEDLINE/Pubmed database from 1980 to 2013. Review methods Electronic database was searched with combinations of keywords “biofilm”, “tympanostomy tube”, “ventilation tube”, and “post-tympanostomy tube otorrhea”. Results Two of the most common sequelae that occur after tympanostomy tube insertion are otorrhea and tube occlusion. There is an increased evidence supporting a role for biofilms in the pathogenesis of otitis media. In this review, we have shown a multitude of novel approaches for prevention of biofilm associated sequelae of otitis media with effusion. These interventions include (i) changing the inherent composition of the tube itself, (ii) coating the tubes with antibiotics, polymers, plant extracts, or other biofilm-resistant materials, (iii) tubal impregnation with antimicrobial compounds, and (iv) surface alterations of the tube by ion-bombardment or surface ionization. Conclusion Currently, there is not one type of tympanostomy tube in which bacteria will not adhere. The challenges of treating chronic post-tympanostomy tube otorrhea and tube occlusion indicate the need for further research in optimization of tympanostomy tube design in addition to development of novel therapies.
Synthesis and properties of mono- and poly-methylene-diphosphonic acids and esters

Abstract A series of methylenediphosphonic acids, (HO)2OP(CH2)nPO(OH)2, (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 10) have been prepared by hydrolysis of the corresponding tetra-ethyl esters. The esters with n ⩾ 3 were obtained by either a Michaelis-Becker or an Arbuzov-Michaelis type reaction. For n = 1 or 2, a modified Michaelis-Becker reaction was utilized. The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts as well as the infra-red spectra show that as n increases the effect of the two end phosphorus atoms on one another decreases, and becomes very small for n > 3. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the diphosphonic acids are reported.
Maternity assignment and queen replacement in a social wasp

Assigning offspring to parents is important for understanding the evolution of reproductive conflicts and cooperation, particularly in the model systems represented by social insects. Molecular genetic markers are often used to exclude, and occasionally used to assign, candidate parents. However, their use in social insects has been unsatisfactory so far because candidate mothers are often highly related and candidate fathers are unknown. Here, we show that microsatellite loci can be scored from each mother's stored sperm permitting effective maternity assignment. The theoretical power of this method is huge, and we demonstrate its practical utilization in this large-scale study of the wasp, Polistes annularis. All 219 genotyped daughters were either assigned to a unique mother or shown to be the progeny of an uncollected dead mother. The data reveal an unexpectedly high number of changes in reproductive dominance. Maternity assignments using this method should help solve many difficult questions in social evolution.
Processing and characterization of barium zirconate coated alumina fibers/alumina matrix composites

Abstract In an earlier work, we identified barium zirconate, BaZrO3, as a candidate material for interfacial coating for alumina fiber/alumina matrix composites. That work involved making laminates of barium zirconate and alumina. During processing at 1475°C, the alumina and barium zirconate reacted to form a series of thermally stable layers, which led to crack deflection, mainly at the BaZrO3/ZrO2 interface. In the present work, a sol–gel method was used to apply a barium zirconate coating to alumina fibers (Saphikon™ and Nextel™ 610). The coated fibers were embedded in alumina powder and hot pressed at 1400°C at 24 MPa for 30 min to produce alumina fiber/alumina matrix composites. Indentation cracks were produced on polished cross sections to investigate the potential for crack blunting and/or deflection. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and optical microscopy were used to characterize the coatings.
Making gender visible: Extending feminist critiques of technology to technical communication

Technical communicators are becoming increasingly involved in product development, often playing important roles on design teams. This shift brings with it the possibility for technical communicators to play more critical roles in balancing gender biases in technology. Feminist critiques of technology offer a range of perspectives for both educators and practitioners. Because discussion of feminism and technology in relation to technical communication is relatively new, the possibilities for applications of these theories are broad.
A comparison of two methods of measuring dark adaptation

Summary The results of dark adaptation tests obtained with the biophotometer and with the Hecht-Schlaer adaptometer on the same subject have been compared. It was found that the biophotometer does not use a bright enough bleach light to bleach the cones, so that cone adaptation is absent from the biophotometer curve. When the intensity of the bleach light is increased, however, the cone adaptation may be measured with the biophotometer. Within the limits of error, the rod adaptation as measured with the biophotometer and the Hecht-Schlaer adaptometer is identical. The first reading obtained after the bleach period with the biophotometer is felt to represent the final cone threshold as determined with the Hecht-Schlaer instrument. Consequently, it is, felt that the continued use of the biophotometerin the study of vitamin A deficiency is valid, giving a true picture of dark adaptation. It is suggested that measurements of dark adaptation be continued for fifteen or twenty minutes following the bleach period in the biophotometer test.
Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II (HEMPAS): characterization of aberrant intracellular organelles by immunogold electron microscopy

Erythrocytes are reticulocytes obtained from peripheral blood of a congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type II patient were examined by immunoelectron microscopy using anti-band 3 and anti-glycophorin A antibodies. Vacuoles which have membranous structures inside were stained heavily by these antibodies, indicating the presence of band 3 and glycophorin A in these vacuoles. Empty vacuoles which open to the cell surface and those present in cytoplasm were also stained by these antibodies at the inside of the wall. These observations suggest that the vacuoles are functioning for trapping and discarding the defective plasma membranes. On the other hand, small vesicles and ferritin-loaded vacuoles were not stained by these antibodies. In these experiments, peripheral cisternae and most of the intracellular membranous structures at blebs and clefts were not stained by the antibodies. Therefore, they are probably part of the endoplasmic reticulum or are derived from intracellular organelles but not from the plasma membranes.
Surface reactions on MOS structures

The morphology of surface reactions for Au/SiO2/Si structures has been studied as a function of environment. It was found that the reaction between thin gold film dots and thermally oxidized Si was strongly influenced by the partial pressure of oxygen. When samples are held at elevated temperatures (above 500 °C) in the dynamic vacuum, an apparent decomposition of the oxide film with subsequent migration of Au along the exposed silicon surface was observed. The migration was found to follow the crystallographic directions of the silicon. Reduction of the oxide was dependent on the presence of the Au layer as regions free of Au remained intact. The reaction as a function of time, temperature, SiO2 thickness, and ambient conditions has been studied using optical microscopy as well as electron microprobe, microscopy, and diffraction techniques.
EXISTENCE OF A SURFACE LAYER ON THE SHEATH OF VOLVOX1,2

SUMMARY The sheath of Volvox possesses a surface layer which hits not previously been described. The application of new staining techniques enhances its visualization.
Z. Todd, B. Nerlich, S. McKeon, & D. D. Clarke (Eds.). Mixing Methods in Psychology: The Integration of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Theory and Practice. NY: Psychology Press/Taylor & Francis, 2004, 251 pages, $31.95 (paperback).

Client-centered practices and participant-centered research approaches are kindred spirits. U.S. psychology, however, has been loath to wholeheartedly adopt qualitative research methods (Fish, 2000...
The use of RNA labeled in vitro with iodine-125 in molecular hybridization experiments.

Abstract 1. In vitro iodination with high specific activity 125I was found to be a simple and useful technique for the preparation of radioactive RNA for use in nucleic acid hybridization experiments. Specific activities as high as 2.2 · 105 cpm/μg have been achieved with 30-min reaction times. 2. Several hybridization parameters, including thermal stability and sequence specificity of hybrid formation, were found not to be detectably altered by introduction of the 125I label into RNA.
Effects of water level, shade and time on germination and growth of freshwater marsh plants along a simulated successional gradient

Summary 1 We examined the effect of soil organic content (1.4, 3.6, 7.2% soil C), water level (+2, −1, −4 cm from soil surface) and duration (13 or 33 days) on 10 species that varied in abundance during succession in freshwater marshes. We also determined the effect of shade (0, 40, 80% shade) and soil organic content (1.4 and 7.2% soil C) on germination of six species over 62 days with water 0.5 cm below the soil surface. 2 Water level consistently affected species germination on both dates. Above-ground biomass was generally higher with increasing organic content of soil, but shade had little effect on germination or height. 3 The hydrologic zone in which species were found in the field was a good indicator of the response of germination to hydrology. Both early successional species and species widespread across the successional gradient show similar germination on all organic contents, while later successional species appear to germinate best at higher organic contents. 4 Successional changes in soils are capable of affecting plant community development, independent of disturbance.
Worlds Apart: Pictorial Semantics in the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres

The dominant view in neuropsychology fails to consider that the hemispheric "functional division of labor" in terms of language versus non-language reflects but one dimension of hemispheric differences. That is, specialization of language in the left hemisphere and of spatial orientation in the right represent only specific aspects of the general underlying hemispheric meaning systems. Indeed, we have found that there can be two full-blown meaning systems, one in the left and one in the right, which can operate separately and simultaneously in the normal brain. ~
Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach

No company, organization, or individual whose livelihood depends on public reaction can afford to function without a crisis management/communications plan. Yet, many large fully-staffed corporations still have no such plans. Management and public relations in these companies are likely to say they acknowledge the need for such a plan; however, they either lack the manpower or the expertise to develop a crisis plan. So, they think positively and hope that the inevitable will never occur until the economy improves and they can hire someone with crisis planning expertise. Various public relations and crisis communication theories suggest attributes and characteristics of programs that are likely either to prevent crises or enable organizations to recover from crises more swiftly than organizations without those characteristics. In fact, negative thinking is the appropriate stance in crisis management. This book shows that if an organization's leaders think and plan for the worst case scenario, they will come out of a crisis in better condition than they would otherwise. It shows individuals how to prepare themselves and their organizations to cope with crises that may occur, and offers strategies and tactics to be used during a crisis. It provides this information via examinations of the experiences of public relations professionals in crises -- what they did, what they wished they had done, and what hampered their progress. This volume of case studies demonstrates problems that can turn into crises, and crises, if not handled effectively, that can become catastrophes. The chapters include: * descriptions of the skills needed to communicate effectively in a crisis; * a how-to manual on developing and implementing a crisis communication plan; * some causes of crises -- rumor, sensationalized and irresponsible news coverage, and the non-expert expert; * tips on how to work with -- rather than in conflict with -- the media and lawyers; and * narrated case studies of how public relations professionals used communication in several kinds of crises.
Calcitonin therapy of children with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Two children, ages 13 2/12 and 2 6/12 years, with osteogenesis imperfecta were treated with salmon calcitonin. During the course of therapy the older child developed calcitonin dose-related hypomagnesemia on two occasions. The younger child, coincident with otitis media and vomiting, developed hypomagnesemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia, and hypokalemia. Since rib biopsies obtained before and after one year of treatment with salmon calcitonin failed to demonstrate any histologic changes, therapy was discontinued because of the induced metabolic consequences of calcitonin therapy.
On the generalized jackknife and its relation to statistical differentials

SUMMARY The flexibility of the definition of the first-order generalized jackknife is exploited so that its relation to the method of statistical differentials can be seen. The estimators presented have the same bias reduction and asymptotic distributional properties as the usual generalized jackknife. A limiting case produces an infinitesimal jackknife which represents a generalization of statistical differentials.
Heat Transfer in Nanostructures for Solid-State Energy Conversion

Solid-state energy conversion technologies such as thermoelectric and thermionic refrigeration and power generation require materials with low thermal conductivity but good electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, which are difficult to realize in bulk semi-conductors. Nanostructures such as superlattices, quantum wires, and quantum dots provide alternative approaches to improve the solid-state energy conversion efficiency through size and interface effects on the electron and phonon transport. In this review, we discuss recent research and progress using nanostructures for solid-state energy converxion. The emphasis is placed on fundamental issues that distinguish energy transport and conversion between nanoscale and macroscale, as well as heat transfer issues related to device development and property characterization.
Vascular gelation: a general response phenomenon following infection

Vascular gels that coat the walk and fill the lumina of infected vessels were found in nine species of plants that had been inoculated with non-host-specific forms of Verticillium dahliae Kleb, or with Fusarium oxysporum Snyd. & Hans. Gel formation is therefore a general phenomenon and represents one factor in the response of plants that provides for resistance to vascular infections. Gels arise from perforation plates, end-walls and pit membranes by a process of distension of primary wall and middle lamella constituents. Swelling of these pre-formed constituents can account for complete occlusion of vessel lumina. A protective wall layer located between the plasmalemma and the pit membranes was observed in parenchyma cells that lined the perimeter of infected vessels in several species of plants.
Food patterns of two-parent, two-child households of urban South Louisiana

Food patterns of 105 two-parent, two-child households in South Louisiana were studied. A survey questionnaire was used for data collection. Age of youngest child was a highly significant factor in determining nutritional adequacy of family dietaries as measured by servings from the basic four food groups. Families with young children prepared more fruit and vegetables. Educational level of the spouse was an important factor in breakfast patterns; those with partial college educations served more meat. Part-time employed homemakers served more breakfast meals and used more convience feeds.
Electronic Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra of Matrix-Isolated CoCl 2 Molecules

The absorption spectrum of CoCl2 molecules isolated in a nitrogen matrix and the fluorescence spectrum of CoCl2 molecules isolated in an argon matrix have been measured at liquid helium temperatures in the range 4000–50 000 cm−1. The absorption and fluorescence spectra in the 4000–25 000 cm−1 region were not mutually observable in the same host. Interpretations of the spectra are given, based on axial ligand field calculations for a 3d7 configuration including spin-orbit coupling interactions.
Prostate cancer screening: Clinical applications and challenges☆☆

Prostate cancer is a serious illness warranting appropriate screening measures. However, current screening tests that include prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination must be proven to save lives to be considered truly legitimate and appropriate public health tools. Even though these tests are associated with the diagnosis of disease, important questions remain as to how well these tests identify all disease and whether screening leads to interventions that save lives. Prostate cancer is undoubtedly a killer, yet there appear to be large numbers of detectable prostate cancers that are of little threat to life. Some men with this grade of cancer receive curative treatment, even though their disease does not require treatment. Some studies suggest that more than three of four men with screen-detected localized disease may not need treatment. One of the great challenges of cancer communications is how to convey the hope of prostate cancer screening while adequately acknowledging the boundaries of our knowledge. The current absence of an appropriate informed consent tool points to the necessity to develop an easy to understand informed consent that allows men to evaluate screening decisions with a clear understanding of what is known, what is not known, and what is believed to be true about prostate cancer screening.
On the matrix equation Am = λJ

Abstract In this paper, we will study the h -circulants which satisfy the matrix equation A m = λJ of n × n matrices. We will determine all the (0, 1) h -circulant solutions for 0 h n so that h m ≡ 0 (mod n ).
Atrial fibrillation associated with anaphylaxis during venom and pollen immunotherapy.

Background Electrographic changes after insect stings have been reported both with and without systemic symptoms. To our knowledge, however, there have been no reported cases of arrhythmias in the maintenance phase of venom or pollen immunotherapy. Objective We report a case of a patient who developed paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after receiving venom and pollen immunotherapy. This patient was initially evaluated in an outpatient setting, and the events described occurred at an allergist's private office. We believe this is an atypical presentation and would be very pertinent to the practicing allergist. Methods This patient was under the care of a clinical allergist in a private practice with associations to a teaching hospital. Interventions were as described in the body of the paper, more specifically venom and pollen maintenance immunotherapy followed by two doses of 0.3 mL of 1:1,000 concentration epinephrine intramuscularly. Results Patient was found to be in atrial fibrillation along with systemic symptoms immediately after administration of immunotherapy. After epinephrine administration, patient converted back to normal sinus rhythm and systemic symptoms resolved. Conclusions Atrial fibrillation is an atypical presentation of a systemic reaction to immunotherapy.
VASCULAR PATTERN CHANGE CAUSED BY A NEMATODE, MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA, IN THE LATERAL ROOTS OF GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERR.

Nematodes in the bases of lateral root primordia of Glycine max (L.) Merr. caused abnormal vascular connection development. All lateral roots with single infections at their points of origin in the primary root-the sample included 28 specimens from 2.0-25.0 cm in length-were triarch. The control lateral root sample contained one triarch and 36 tetrarch roots. Affected lateral roots had a peculiar orientation of the xylem poles. Up to 600-700 ,um from the infection site the three xylem poles were oriented at 90Q, 900, and 180? angles. Distally the angle between xylem poles shifted to 1200. All control and infected primary roots were tetrarch. Statistical compariso'i of three parameters, root diameter, vascular cylinder diameter, and primary xylem cross-sectional area showed that only xylem cross-sectional area was significantly different between normal tetrarch and affected triarch lateral roots.
Improving sensor data analysis through diverse data source integration

Daily sensor data volumes are increasing from gigabytes to multiple terabytes. The manpower and resources needed to analyze the increasing amount of data are not growing at the same rate. Current volumes of diverse data, both live streaming and historical, are not fully analyzed. Analysts are left mostly to analyzing the individual data sources manually. This is both time consuming and mentally exhausting. Expanding data collections only exacerbate this problem. Improved data management techniques and analysis methods are required to process the increasing volumes of historical and live streaming data sources simultaneously. Improved techniques are needed to reduce an analysts decision response time and to enable more intelligent and immediate situation awareness. This paper describes the Sensor Data and Analysis Framework (SDAF) system built to provide analysts with the ability to pose integrated queries on diverse live and historical data sources, and plug in needed algorithms for upstream processing and filtering. The SDAF system was inspired by input and feedback from field analysts and experts. This paper presents SDAF's capabilities, implementation, and reasoning behind implementation decisions. Finally, lessons learned from preliminary tests and deployments are captured for future work.
Waiting time phenomena of the Hele-Shaw and the Stefan problem

In this paper we investigate the waiting time phe- nomena for the one-phase Hele-Shaw and Stefan problems. For the Hele-Shaw problem we identify a general criterion on the growth rate of the initial data, which determines the occurrence of a waiting time. For the Stefan problem we show that the wait- ing time phenomena depend on the balance between the initial data and the geometry of the initial positive phase.
An Insatiable Desire for Tofu: A Case of Restless Legs and Unusual Pica in Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency is common and can present with a myriad of neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms. Thus, it is important for psychosomatic medicine physicians, taking care of complex medical patients, to be aware of this condition, itsmanifestations, and its possible underlying pathophysiology. In this article, we present a case of a vegetarian lung transplant recipient referred to the department of psychiatry for anxiety and insomnia, who on further evaluation was determined to have restless leg syndrome (RLS), unusual pica, and microcytic anemia, all due to iron deficiency anemia (IDA).
A kinetic study of infection of chick embryo cells in vitro by Rous sarcoma virus.

Abstract Results of studies on the early stages of infection of chick embryo cells by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) in vitro are reported. Progeny infectious virus is first detected at about 12 hours after infection and the final rate of virus release of 1 focus-forming unit (FFU) per cell per 5–10 hours is reached at about 40 hours after infection. The ability of a cell to produce RSV is transmitted to its progeny as an intracellular event, the number of Rous sarcoma cells doubling every 15–20 hours. Direct observation of isolated cells in microdrops shows that a cell can release virus and then divide. The capacity of infected cells to release virus following X-irradiation was studied as a function of time after infection. An increase of 30–100 times in the radioresistance of the capacity to produce virus was found in some cells 5 hours after infection and in all cells by 15–20 hours after infection. The time at which the capacity of a cell to produce virus becomes radioresistant depends on the original multiplicity of infection—the higher the multiplicity, the shorter the time.
Development of the TraPPE-UA force field for ethylene oxide

A united-atom force field for ethylene oxide (oxirane) is presented. Parameters for both the dispersive and electrostatic interactions are simultaneously determined by fitting to the experimentally determined critical point, the normal boiling point and two vapor pressures. Vapor and liquid coexistence densities, heats of vaporization and vapor pressures are determined with histogram-reweighting Monte Carlo simulations in the grand canonical ensemble. NpT simulations are used to determine the heat capacity and isothermal compressibility.
An experimental investigation of temperature changes during electroporation

Electroporation uses short, pulsed electric fields to induce a cellular transmembrane potential that results in increased cellular permeability. When performed irreversibly, it results in cell death while leaving the extracellular matrix and other sensitive structures intact. These electric fields result in thermal effects to the affected tissues due to resistive heating. We measure this heating extent in an ex-vivo canine brain by recording temperature changes in real time. Temperatures were measured at three locations near the electrodes. Thermal damage was evaluated using the Arrhenius equation. This study experimentally shows that typical electroporation protocols result in negligible thermal damage.
Phase-matching in isotropic and homogeneous materials via Talbot effect

We suggest a method for obtaining phase-matching of harmonic generation processes in homogeneous isotropic materials. The intensity of the pump beam is modulated along the direction of propagation giving rise to QPM-like signal generation.
Scoped identifiers for efficient bit aligned logging

Detailed diagnostic data is a prerequisite for debugging problems and understanding runtime performance in distributed wireless embedded systems. Severe bandwidth limitations, tight timing constraints, and limited program text space hinder the application of standard diagnostic tools within this domain. This work introduces the Log Instrumentation Specification (LIS), which provides a high level logging interface to developers and is able to create extremely compact diagnostic logs. LIS uses a token scoping technique to aggressively compact identifiers that are packed into bit aligned log buffers. LIS is evaluated in the context of recording call traces within a network of wireless sensor nodes. Our evaluation shows that logs generated using LIS require less than 50% of the bandwidth utilized by alternate logging mechanisms. Through microbench-marking of a complete LIS implementation for the TinyOS operating system, we demonstrate that LIS can comfortably fit onto low-end embedded systems. By significantly reducing log bandwidth, LIS enables extraction of a more complete picture of runtime behavior from distributed wireless embedded systems.
Ionizing radiation during pretransplant evaluation: time to reconsider the evaluation process.

Patients with CKD presenting for evaluation for renal transplant often undergo an extensive pretransplant assessment. The purpose of the evaluation is to detect underlying medical conditions that pose potential perioperative risk to the patient. Although kidney transplant prolongs life expectancy
Adaptive backstepping control of a micro-needle micro-pump integrated insulin delivery system for diabetes care

This paper presents a dynamic model and corresponding control strategy for a micro-needle micro-pump integrated system proposed for subcutaneous insulin injection for diabetes care. The system consists of a piezoelectric micropump, multiple silicon micro-needles, insulin reservoir, wireless telemetry and remote control components. The piezoelectric micro-pump is remotely controlled through wireless telemetry. The dynamic model can be used to analyze dynamics of the integrated micro-device and develop feedback control strategy. An adaptive backstepping control with nonlinear observer is developed based on the dynamic model.
Orbit Determination of the Dawn Spacecraft with Radiometric and Image Data

The orbit of the Dawn spacecraft around asteroid 4 Vesta has been reconstructed using radiometric measurements and image control points. Image control points are introduced as a new measurement type because they constrain the orbit in the along- and crosstrack directions, whereas radiometric measurements provide a stronger constraint in the radial direction. Image control points are available whenever two image footprints on the surface overlap. The measurement uncertainty of images is limited by pixel scale that, in the case of the Dawn mission at Vesta, is between 20 and 150 m/pixel. The obtained image constraint residual root mean square is approximately the pixel scale for all mission phases. Radiometric residual root mean square spanned from 0.07 to 0.44 mm/s for Doppler and from 0.7 to 1.5 m for range measurements. Radiometric and image constraint residual root-mean-square values are comparable to those reported by the Dawn Science Team using independent software and processing methodology. Improv...
A highly manufacturable integration technology of 20nm generation 64Gb multi-level NAND flash memory

Multi-level NAND flash memories with a 20nm design rule have been successfully developed for the first time. A 20nm rule wordline (WL) and bitline (BL) direction have been realized by Spacer Patterning Technology (SPT) of ArF immersion lithography. Key integration technologies include WL airgap with separate gate etch process and optimized control gate (CG) poly deposition process. In addition, many physical and electrical challenges are successfully demonstrated to overcome scaling limit of 20nm technology.
Improvements in Diabetes Processes of Care and Intermediate Outcomes: United States, 1988–2002

statistically significant increase of 21.9% (CI, 12.4% to 31.3%). Mean LDL cholesterol level decreased by 0.5 mmol/L (18.8 mg/ dL). Although mean hemoglobin A1c did not change, the proportion of persons with hemoglobin A1c of 6% to 8% increased from 34.2% to 47.0%. The blood pressure distribution did not change. Annual lipid testing, dilated eye examination, and foot examination increased by 8.3% (CI, 4.0% to 12.7%), 4.5% (CI, 0.5% to 8.5%), and 3.8% (CI, 0.1% to 7.7%), respectively. The proportion of persons reporting annual influenza vaccination and aspirin use improved by 6.8 percentage points (CI, 2.9 percentage points to 10.7 percentage points) and 13.1 percentage points (CI, 5.4 percentage points to 20.7 percentage points), respectively.
Mutator genes for suppression of gross chromosomal rearrangements identified by a genome-wide screening in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Different types of gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs), including translocations, interstitial deletions, terminal deletions with de novo telomere additions, and chromosome fusions, are observed in many cancers. Multiple pathways, such as S-phase checkpoints, DNA replication, recombination, chromatin remodeling, and telomere maintenance that suppress GCRs have been identified. To experimentally expand our knowledge of other pathway(s) that suppress GCRs, we developed a generally applicable genome-wide screening method. In this screen, we identified 10 genes (ALO1, CDC50, CSM2, ELG1, ESC1, MMS4, RAD5, RAD18, TSA1, and UFO1) that encode proteins functioning in the suppression of GCRs. Moreover, the breakpoint junctions of GCRs from these GCR mutator mutants were determined with modified breakpoint-mapping methods. We also identified nine genes (AKR1, BFR1, HTZ1, IES6, NPL6, RPL13B, RPL27A, RPL35A, and SHU2) whose mutations generated growth defects with the pif1Δ mutation. In addition, we found that some of these mutations changed the telomere size.
A self-catalyzing hydrogen-storage material.

Conventional (e.g. MgH2) and complex hydrides (e.g. alanates, borohydrides, and amides) are the two primary classes of solid-state hydrogen-storage materials. Many of these “high-density” hydrides have the potential to store large amounts of hydrogen by weight (up to 18.5 wt% for LiBH4) and/or volume (up to 112 gL 1 for MgH2), values that are comparable to the hydrogen content of gasoline (15.8 wt%, 112 gL ). However, all known hydrides are inadequate for mobile storage applications due to one or more of the following limitations: a) unfavorable thermodynamics (they require high temperatures to release hydrogen), b) poor kinetics (low rates of hydrogen release and uptake), c) decomposition pathways involving the release of undesirable by-products (e.g. ammonia), and/or d) an inability to reabsorb hydrogen at modest temperatures and pressures (i.e. “irreversibility”). In spite of these drawbacks, renewed interest in complex hydrides has been stimulated recently by substantial improvements in their kinetics and reversibility provided by catalytic doping (e.g. TiCl3-doped NaAlH4), [7,8] and by thermodynamic enhancements achieved through reactive binary mixtures such as LiNH2/MgH2, [10,11] LiBH4/MgH2, [12] and LiNH2/LiBH4. [13,14] These compositions, previously termed “reactive hydride composites”, represent the state-of-the-art in hydrogen-storage materials; compared to their constituent compounds, they exhibit improved thermodynamic properties, higher hydrogen purity, and, in some cases, reversibility. The desorption behavior of these previously studied composites is illustrated in Figure 1a. It is evident from the hydrogen desorption profile (top panel) that the composites generally desorb hydrogen at significantly lower temperatures than their individual components. For example, the lowest temperature reaction, which involves a
Factors Affecting the Emergence of New Pathogens and Research Strategies Leading to their Control

Control of foodborne emerging or reemerging microbial pathogens has proven to be difficult. Even the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) approach is intended to manage known hazards. We propose that each change occurring in the food chain – encompassing human, technological, and environmental factors – creates a new selection pressure that drives microbial adaptation and emergence potential. Escherichia coli O157:H7 is examined here, as a case study, to illustrate the multidimensional nature of pathogen emergence. While future emergence or reemergence events are expected, the fundamental questions of what, where, who, when, and how such events will unfold are unknown. Contingency planning can provide responses to probable hazard scenarios, with a goal of developing practical controls. Examples of potential microbial hazards and changes in the food chain are presented. Once a hazard, associated food, locale, and at-risk population are identified, critical acute research questions need to be answered. Longer term research will improve our ability to respond to the next inevitable emergence event. Such coordinated endeavors will permit rapid modification and deployment of a science-based hazard management system that will prevent or minimize human risks.
Metabolic probes for imaging endosymbiotic bacteria within toxic dinoflagellates

Fluorescence microscopy offers an important tool for the study of complex biological phenomena such as symbiosis. Here we identify a strategy that adapts the unique differences between the secondary metabolism in host and guest symbiotic species to selectively image endosymbiotic organisms. The method is demonstrated by application to the complex symbiotic relationships in toxic marine dinoflagellates.