cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hot Spot Mutation in TP53 (R248Q) Causes Oncogenic Gain-of-Function Phenotypes in a Breast Cancer Cell Line Derived from an African American patient

African American (AA) breast cancer patients often have triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) that contains mutations in the TP53 gene. The point mutations at amino acid residues R273 and R248 both result in oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF) phenotypes. Expression of mutant p53 (mtp53) R273H associates with increased cell elasticity, survival under serum deprivation conditions, and increased Poly (ADP ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) on the chromatin in the AA-derived TNBC breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. We hypothesized that GOF mtp53 R248Q expression could stimulate a similar phenotype in the AA-derived TNBC cell line HCC70. To test this hypothesis we depleted the R248Q protein in the HCC70 cell line using shRNA-mediated knockdown. Using impedance-based real-time analysis we correlated the expression of mtp53 R248Q with increased cell deformability. We also documented that depletion of mtp53 R248Q increased PARP1 in the cytoplasm and decreased PARP1 on the chromatin. We conclude that in the AA-derived TNBC HCC70 cells mtp53 R248Q expression results in a causative tumor associated phenotype. This study supports using the biological markers of high expression of mtp53 R273H or R248Q as additional diagnostics for TNBC resistant subtypes often found in the AA community. Each mtp53 protein must be considered separately and this work adds R248Q to the increasing list of p53 mutations that can be used for diagnostics and drug targeting. Here we report that when R248Q mtp53 proteins are expressed in TNBC, then targeting the gain-of-function pathways may improve treatment efficacy.
Ocean Wave Forces on A Subsurface Sphere

There is an absence of field data for the surface wave-induced forces on a submarine, spherical structure. An ocean test site was established in 25 ft of water to measure the time histories of force exerted on an 8 in. sphere and the wave pressure interpretation of the surface elevation above the sphere. The data were recorded on shore and from the charts obtained drag coefficients were derived for 72 separate waves. Since the drag forces outweighed the estimated inertia forces for the waves processed, inertia coefficients could not be estimated from the records. It was found that the maximum total force range for the processed waves could be predicted with a correlation coefficient of 0.94 by using third-order theory to determine the water particle kinematics and by employing a single value of 0.69 for the drag coefficient, as estimated from the data, and a supposed value of 1.15 for the inertia coefficient.
The Inclusion of Science in Early Childhood Classrooms

Science education, an integral part of national and state standards for early childhood classrooms, encompasses content-based instruction as well as process skills, creativity, experimentation, and problem-solving. By introducing science in developmentally appropriate ways, we can support young children’s sensory explorations of their world and provide foundational knowledge and skills for lifelong science learning as well as an appreciation of nature. This chapter emphasizes the significance of teaching science in early childhood classrooms, describes the purpose and rationale for the book, and provides the organization and overview of the chapters.
Brandenburg and Incitement in a Digital Era

The Internet has revolutionized communication by making it possible for ordinary people to directly communicate with each other. Prior to its invention, many people were forced to use much more primitive communications methods (e.g., giving speeches or distributing printed circulars). While more sophisticated communications technologies (e.g., newspapers, radio and television stations) were available, most of those technologies were subject to "gatekeepers" (e.g., editors, reporters, producers) who controlled access to the technology, and who could limit the ability of ordinary individuals to mass communicate.' In order to access these technologies, individuals must first convince the gatekeepers that their ideas are worthy of dissemination. The Internet, coupled with the development of personal computers, has largely freed people from the constraints of gatekeepers, and allowed them to directly communicate with each other. The political and social consequences of this newfound freedom have transformed communication. Using devices like e-mail, listservs, websites and blogs, not to mention Twitter and Facebook, private individuals now have the capacity to directly communicate with each other on a broad scale. Individually, as well as through organizations like MoveOn.org and the Tea party, people are using the Internet to communicate much more broadly, and are beginning to reshape society and the political process.
Magnetic and electronic properties of LiMnO 2 s

Local spin density approximation calculations are used to elucidate the electronic and magnetic properties of layered ${\mathrm{LiMnO}}_{2}$ . An insulating ground state with magnetic high spin Mn is found, consistent with the distortion of the O octahedra. However, there is Mn 3d--O 2p hybridization, which reduces the spin moment considerably from the nominal Hund's rule value. The magnetic coupling within the ${\mathrm{MnO}}_{2}$ trilayers is antiferromagnetic and frustrated, while the coupling between trilayers is very weak. This may result in a suppression of long range order down to low temperatures despite the strong intralayer magnetic interactions and resulting magnetic correlations. The results imply that these will be largely one dimensional along the b-axis Mn chains.
IBD Candidate Genes and Intestinal Barrier Regulation

Technological advances in the large scale analysis of human genetics have generated profound insights into possible genetic contributions to chronic diseases including the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. To date, 163 distinct genetic risk loci have been associated with either Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, with a substantial degree of genetic overlap between these 2 conditions. Although many risk variants show a reproducible correlation with disease, individual gene associations only affect a subset of patients, and the functional contribution(s) of these risk variants to the onset of IBD is largely undetermined. Although studies in twins have demonstrated that the development of IBD is not mediated solely by genetic risk, it is nevertheless important to elucidate the functional consequences of risk variants for gene function in relevant cell types known to regulate key physiological processes that are compromised in IBD. This article will discuss IBD candidate genes that are known to be, or are suspected of being, involved in regulating the intestinal epithelial barrier and several of the physiological processes presided over by this dynamic and versatile layer of cells. This will include assembly and regulation of tight junctions, cell adhesion and polarity, mucus and glycoprotein regulation, bacterial sensing, membrane transport, epithelial differentiation, and restitution.
Postsplinting x-rays of nondisplaced hand, wrist, ankle, and foot fractures are unnecessary

Abstract Background Acute nondisplaced fractures (NDFs) are common in the emergency department (ED), and providers often obtain postsplinting x-rays to identify displacement that potentially occurs during the splinting process. Our objectives are to (1) determine how often x-rays are obtained after splinting of NDFs, (2) identify if postsplinting x-rays change treatment management in the ED, and (3) identify if there are medical complications at follow-up. Methods A retrospective chart review of ED patients who were discharged with hand, wrist, ankle, or foot fractures was conducted to determine patients with definite NDFs that were verified by a radiologist, underwent splinting, and either had postsplint x-rays or not. Bone displacement during the splinting procedure was determined by the postsplint x-rays in the ED. Internal movement of bones or management change was also determined for patients who did not undergo postsplint x-rays in the ED but had obtained an x-ray at their follow-up visit (in-network providers only). Results Our results demonstrate that no patients required further manipulation or operative management due to the splinting that occurred in the ED. These results take into account both patients who had postsplint x-rays conducted in the ED (27 patients) and those who received x-rays in follow-up consults (179 patients). There was minimal incidence of interval movement in the latter group (14 patients), none of which resulted in management change. Conclusion These data conclude that postsplinting x-rays of NDFs are unnecessary. Removal of this procedure from routine practice will help decrease patient and hospital cost, time, and radiation exposure.
Targeted therapy for cancer: asking the right questions.

Our knowledge of how to best develop and use targeted therapies for cancer remains nascent, and optimizing the use of such treatments will likely require answering one other question that I have paraphrased from the Passover Haggadah: How is this tumor different from all other tumors?
The Impact of Personal and Program Characteristics on the Placement of School Leadership Preparation Program Graduates in School Leader Positions

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of personal and program characteristics on the placement of graduates of principal preparation programs in assistant principal, principal...
Ontology Pattern Modeling for Cross-Repository Data Integration in the Ocean Sciences: The Oceanographic Cruise Example

EarthCube is a major effort of the National Science Foundation to establish a next-generation knowledge architecture for the broader geosciences. Data storage, retrieval, access, and reuse are central parts of this new effort. Currently, EarthCube is organized around several building blocks and research coordination networks. OceanLink is a semantics-enabled building block that aims at improving data retrieval and reuse via ontologies, Semantic Web technologies, and Linked Data for the ocean sciences. Cruises, in the sense of research expeditions, are central events for ocean scientists. Consequently, information about these cruises and the involved vessels is of primary interest for oceanographers, and thus, needs to be shared and made retrievable. In this paper, we report the use of a design pattern-centric strategy to model Cruise for OceanLink data integration. We provide a formal axiomatization of the introduced pattern using the Web Ontology Language, explain design choices and discuss the planned deployment and application scenarios of our model.
Zusammenfassung der freien Vorträge: „Neues in der Chirurgie der Hernien I“

1. Shouldice-Technik im direkten prospektiven Vergleich der Bassini-Methode uberlegen. 2. Tageschirurgische Operationen in Lokalanasthesie setzen sich zunehmend durch, Thromboseprophylaxe unnotig. 3. Doppelseitige Leistenhernien sollten zweizeitig operiert werden, nur unter stationaren Bedingungen einzeitig. 4. Re-Rezidive und doppelseitige Hernien konnen mit sehr niedrigen Rezidivraten nach Stoppa operiert werden. 5. Der laparoskopisch kontrollierte transcutane Leistenkanal-Verschlus kann noch nicht gewertet werden. 6. Fruhkomplikationen sind auch nach Entlassung bis uber 7% moglich. 7. Thromboseprophylaxe nach Leistenhernien-Operation sollte in den kontralateralen Oberschenkel appliziert werden.
Making a Fetish of "CPR" Is Not in the Patient's Best Interest.

Rosoff and Schneiderman's essay “Irrational Exuberance: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation as Fetish” (2017) raises an issue first posed by the then Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, Alan Greenspan...
Electric-dipole-coupled H2O@C60 dimer: Translation-rotation eigenstates from twelve-dimensional quantum calculations.

We report on variational solutions to the twelve-dimensional (12D) Schrodinger equation appertaining to the translation-rotation (TR) eigenstates of H2O@C60 dimer, associated with the quantized "rattling" motions of the two encapsulated H2O molecules. Both H2O and C60 moieties are treated as rigid and the cage-cage geometry is taken to be fixed. We consider the TR eigenstates of H2O@C60 monomers in the dimer to be coupled by the electric dipole-dipole interaction between water moieties and develop expressions for computing the matrix elements of that interaction in a dimer basis composed of products of monomer 6D TR eigenstates reported by us recently [P. M. Felker and Z. Bacic, J. Chem. Phys. 144, 201101 (2016)]. We use these expressions to compute TR Hamiltonian matrices of H2O@C60 dimer for two values of the water dipole moment and for various dimer geometries. 12D TR eigenstates of the dimer are then obtained by filter diagonalization. The results reveal two classes of eigenstates, distinguished by the leading order (first or second) at which dipole-dipole coupling contributes to them. The two types of eigenstates differ in the general magnitude of their dipole-induced energy shifts and in the dependence of those shifts on the value of the water dipole moment and on the distance between the H2O@C60 monomers. The dimer results are also found to be markedly insensitive to any change in the orientations of the C60 cages. Finally, the results lend some support for the interpretation that electric dipole-dipole coupling is at least partially responsible for the apparent reduced-symmetry environment experienced by H2O in the powder samples of H2O@C60 [K. S. K. Goh et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, 21330 (2014)], but only if the water dipole is taken to have a magnitude close to that of free water. The methodology developed in the paper is transferable directly to the calculation of TR eigenstates of larger H2O@C60 assemblies, that will be required for more extensive modeling of crystalline H2O@C60.
Categorizing hardware failure in large scale cloud computing environment

Cloud computing environments are growing in complexity creating more challenges for improved resilience and availability. Cloud computing research can benefit from machine learning and data mining by using data from actual operational cloud systems. One aspect that needs in-depth analysis is the failure characteristics of cloud environments. Failure is the main contributor to reduced resiliency of applications and services in cloud computing. This work presents a categorizing method to identify machines removed from the system based on failure or due to maintenance. Our experiments are targeting large scale cloud computing environments and experimental data consists of 25 million submitted tasks on 12500 severs over a 29 day period. The parameters of categorizing are CPU and memory utilization. Also, this work developed a support vector machine (SVM) model for learning and prediction of machine failure. The devolved model achieved 99.04 % accuracy. Precision and Recall curves demonstrate that the model is consistent with varying data size. The model has very good consistency with max difference from theoretical data by only 0.008%.
Latino caregivers are less assertive with family and friends about their child's beverage consumption

Caregiver behavioral skills are key to changing children’s eating habits. The relationship between demographic characteristics and caregiver assertiveness with family and close friends regarding th...
Towards a characterization of localization performance in networks with random geometries

This paper introduces a paradigm shift in the way localization performance in wireless networks is analyzed. Currently, localization performance in networks is commonly benchmarked using the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB), given a fixed geometry of anchor nodes and a target. By contrast, we consider networks with random geometries for which the CRLB itself becomes a random variable, and we seek a tractable expression for its distribution. The ultimate goal is to derive a complete statistical characterization of localization performance throughout an entire network via analysis, rather than resorting to simulation. This paper presents an initial step towards achieving this goal by using an approximation of the CRLB based on angles between anchor nodes. This facilitates the derivation of an accurate approximation of the distribution of the CRLB, conditioned on the number of hearable anchors.
Viral communities of the human gut: metagenomic analysis of composition and dynamics

The numerically most abundant biological entities on Earth are viruses. Vast populations prey on the cellular microbiota in all habitats, including the human gut. Here we review approaches for studying the human virome, and some recent results on movement of viral sequences between bacterial cells and eukaryotic hosts. We first overview biochemical and bioinformatic methods, emphasizing that specific choices in the methods used can have strong effects on the results obtained. We then review studies characterizing the virome of the healthy human gut, which reveal that most of the viruses detected are typically uncharacterized phage - the viral dark matter - and that viruses that infect human cells are encountered only rarely. We then review movement of phage between bacterial cells during antibiotic treatment. Here a radical proposal for extensive movement of antibiotic genes on phage has been challenged by a careful reanalysis of the metagenomic annotation methods used. We then review two recent studies of movement of whole phage communities between human individuals during fecal microbial transplantation, which emphasize the possible role of lysogeny in dispersal. Methods for studying the human gut virome are improving, yielding interesting data on movement of phage genes between cells and mammalian host organisms. However, viral populations are vast, and studies of their composition and function are just beginning.
A Hierarchical Model for Device Placement

We introduce a hierarchical model for efficient placement of computational graphs onto hardware devices, especially in heterogeneous environments with a mixture of CPUs, GPUs, and other computational devices. The algorithm learns to assign graph operations to groups and to allocate those groups to available devices. The grouping and device allocations are learned jointly. The proposed algorithm is trained by a policy gradient method and requires no human intervention. Experiments with widely-used computer vision and natural language models show that our algorithm can find optimized, non-trivial placements for TensorFlow (TF) computational graphs with over 80,000 operations. In addition, our approach outperforms placements by human experts as well as a previous state-of-the-art placement method based on deep reinforcement learning. Our method achieves reductions in runtime of up to 60.6% per training step when applied to models such as Neural Machine Translation.
Percutaneous Instrumentation of a Complex Lumbar Spine Fracture with Bilateral Pedicle Dissociation: Case Report and Technical Note.

Background and Study Objective Complex traumatic lumbar spine fractures are difficult to manage and typically occur in younger patients. Surgical immobilization for unstable fractures is an accepted treatment but can lead to future adjacent-level disease. Furthermore, large variations in fracture morphology create significant difficulties when attempting fixation. Therefore, a surgical approach that considers both long-term outcomes and fracture type is of utmost importance. We present a novel technique for percutaneous fixation without interbody or posterolateral fusion in a young patient with bilateral pedicle dissociations and an acute-onset incomplete neurologic deficit. Case Description A 20-year-old man involved in a motorcycle accident presented with unilateral right lower extremity paresis and sensory loss with intact rectal tone and no saddle anesthesia. Lumbar computed tomography (CT) demonstrated L2 and L3 fractures associated with bilateral pedicle dislocations. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed draping of the conus medullaris/cauda equina anteriorly over the kyphotic deformity at L2 with minimal associated canal stenosis at L2 and L3. He was treated with emergent percutaneous fixation of the fracture segment without interbody or posterolateral fusion. Decompression was not performed because of the negligible amount of canal stenosis and high likelihood of cerebrospinal fluid leakage due to dural tears from the fractures. Surgical fixation of the L2 vertebra was achieved by cannulating the left pedicle with an oversized tap while holding the right pedicle in place with a normal tap and then driving screws into the left and right pedicles, respectively, thus reducing the free-floating fracture segment. At 18 months after surgery, a follow-up CT demonstrated good cortication across the prior pedicle fractures, and the instrumentation was removed without any obvious signs of instability or disruption of the alignment at the thoracolumbar junction. Conclusion We present a novel technique for percutaneous reduction and fixation of bilateral pedicle fractures with significant dissociation from the vertebral body, associated neural compression from the kyphotic deformity, and minimal spinal canal stenosis. Furthermore, we argue that early fixation and reduction of the fracture prevented irreversible neurologic compromise, and the absence of interbody or posterolateral fusion ultimately preserved the spinal mobility of the patient once the hardware was removed.
Acoustic Discrimination by the Toadfish with Comments on Signal Systems

The oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau, produces two basic sounds which have a variety of properties. The grunt is made by both sexes, but more frequently by males during aggressive encounters in the reproductive season. The boatwhistle call is produced by males in long spontaneous sequences on their nests. They do so most often at the beginning of the mating season. Individual grunts are sometimes spontaneously interspersed between boatwhistles. It is thought by Fish (this volume) and Winn (1967) that some of these are incomplete boatwhistles. Males increase their boatwhistle calling when boatwhistles are played back at certain rates (Winn, 1967). It was this response that was utilized by Fish (this volume) to elucidate the properties of pattern, interval, cycle time, and antiphony in O. tau. Here I will describe the physical parameters of the boatwhistle call, such as frequency, amplitude, rate, and duration, that result in vocal facilitation. These will be generally discussed in relation to the development of acoustic signal systems in fishes.
Modern Approaches to Evacuating Intracerebral Hemorrhage

The present review aims to discuss the recent advances in surgical management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgical techniques, and the existing evidence supporting their use. Newer surgical techniques, collectively referred to as minimally invasive surgery (MIS), have been evaluated and studied in management of ICH. Stereotactic evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage using aspiration-irrigation technique has showed significant reductions in the hematoma volume with minimal intra-operative bleeding. Catheter-based evacuation in combination with use of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) produces lysis and drainage of spontaneous ICH and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) rapidly with minimal major adverse events. Recent advances in the management of spontaneous ICH highlights potential advantages including safety and efficacy in clot lysis and reduction in hematoma volume especially with image-guided catheter-based drainage and concurrent use of rt-PA. Controlled trials are required to conclusively establish standard surgical techniques and rt-PA dosage, before incorporating minimally invasive surgery plus rt-PA, as a standard of care in patients with spontaneous ICH.
WHAT IS META-COGNITIVE SKILL? KINDLING A CONVERSATION BETWEEN CULADASA AND CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY OF PSYCHOLOGY

I explore affinities and tensions between Culadasa’s model of meta-cognitive skill, in his recent The Mind Illuminated, and theories of skill and meta-cognition in contemporary philosophy of psycho...
Reliable preparation of agarose phantoms for use in quantitative magnetic resonance elastography

Agarose phantoms are one type of phantom commonly used in developing in vivo brain magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) sequences because they are inexpensive and easy to work with, store, and dispose of; however, protocols for creating agarose phantoms are non-standardized and often result in inconsistent phantoms with significant variability in mechanical properties. Many magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound studies use phantoms, but often these phantoms are not tailored for desired mechanical properties and as such are too stiff or not mechanically consistent enough to be used in MRE. In this work, we conducted a systematic study of agarose phantom creation parameters to identify those factors that are most conducive to producing mechanically consistent agarose phantoms for MRE research. We found that cooling rate and liquid temperature affected phantom homogeneity. Phantom stiffness is affected by agar concentration (quadratically), by final liquid temperature and salt content in phantoms, and by the interaction of these two metrics each with stir rate. We captured and quantified the implied relationships with a regression model that can be used to estimate stiffness of resulting phantoms. Additionally, we characterized repeatability, stability over time, impact on MR signal parameters, and differences in agar gel microstructure. This protocol and regression model should prove beneficial in future MRE development studies that use phantoms to determine stiffness measurement accuracy.
Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Body Composition in NCAA Division I Athletes: Exploration of Mass Distribution:

Background:Body composition assessment is frequently used in sports medicine and athletic performance environments to assess change in response to strength training and nutrition programs. However,...
Biomarkers for recurrent pressure injury risk in persons with spinal cord injury.

Objective: To investigate potential linkages between pressure injury (PrI) recurrence following spinal cord injury (SCI) and muscle-based and circulatory biomarkers, specifically fatty metabolites ...
A Classroom Financial Market Experiment

This computerized web experiment immerses students in an environment where they are in the role of bank managers, complementing existing experiments in which they act as depositors. The experiment is programmed to run on a variety of devices, including student’s phones and is suitable for use in intermediate macroeconomics or money and banking courses. Students learn the basic elements of bank balance sheets, the tradeoffs a bank makes when it hedges against liquidity risk, and the macroeconomic implications of the network aspects of the banking system. Key parameters are chosen by the instructor, and all results are saved as a spreadsheet data file. Early trials show that a team's performance is positively correlated with its success in managing interbank deposits
Are We Losing Our Profession Through the Loss of Leadership

Individually, each of us must accept responsibility to be effective, ethical leaders. We have to continually learn to be better leaders, just as we continually learn to be technically better surgeons. Organizationally, ISAKOS and all professional entities must work diligently to create cultures that are unwaveringly committed to leadership education and support ethical leadership competencies. We need to intentionally emphasize, just as we emphasize surgical technique education, educational offerings on leadership competencies such as teamwork and emotional intelligence, which will lead to better patient care. We need to create patient-centered cultures that promote selfless service and are steadfast in upholding integrity. If we do not intentionally commit to patient-centered, ethical leadership, then we become technicians answering to managers, and my greatest concern will be realized—there will no longer exist a Sports Medicine profession to lead.
J-WAVE SYNDROMES WITH OVERLAPPING PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION MIMICKING BRUGADA SYNDROME AND EARLY REPOLARIZATION SYNDROME

Careful evaluation of the ECG and a stepwise diagnostic approach in sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) survivors has important implications for diagnosis and treatment. A 20-year-old Hispanic female presented after a witnessed aborted SCA from ventricular fibrillation. Post-arrest ECG showed atrial
Abstract 186: Telestroke Networks Provide a Halo Effect for Non-Stroke Service Lines

Introduction: Hub-and-spoke TS networks link tertiary and community hospitals, typically resulting in increased stroke transfer rates between them. We hypothesized that such linkages may create a “...
Exploring the Impact of Involvement on Black Collegians’ Degree Aspirations

Educators, policy makers, and researchers continue to focus on addressing needs of Black students by associating financial status with social, cultural, and academic deficiencies. The purpose of this study was to explore socioeconomic status (SES) differences in the relationship between Black college students’ involvement and their educational outcomes. Results show statistically significant differences between Black students in different SES quartiles and their involvement, educational expectations, and statistically significant differences between different forms of involvement and educational expectations. This study also found that although students from the high SES quartile had higher educational expectations and greater mean involvement composite scores, this finding did not apply consistently for all SES quartiles. There are significant implications for policy and practice based on findings that can improve efforts to support Black students’ collegiate outcomes.
Revisiting the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 1221 Hypothesis: Treatment for Stage III/IV HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Cancer.

ObjectiveIn 2014, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 1221 trial was initiated to analyze whether surgery with risk-based radiation therapy or chemoradiation therapy was superior to chemoradiation...
Expository & survey paper: Multiplier methods: A survey

The purpose of this paper is to provide a survey of convergence and rate of convergence aspects of a class of recently proposed methods for constrained minimization-the, so-called, multiplier methods. The results discussed highlight the operational aspects of multiplier methods and demonstrate their significant advantages over ordinary penalty methods.
Stakeholder sentiment in service supply chains: big data meets agenda-setting theory

With growing reluctance to store and disseminate sensitive data throughout a supply chain network, there is a need to understand sentiment of big data and ways of control to achieve greater economic viability in the service-oriented supply chain which reflect a greater focus on knowledge sharing from traditional supply chains. Social network data were collected after referencing a focal corporate media (CM) document. This study provides causal inference by first conducting a CM document search and then a social network post web scrape of postings that reference the CM document while controlling for time and other demographic variables. This study finds salience of the big data topic positively impacts stakeholder sentiment but not when future applications are discussed.
Factors associated with anti-seizure medication utilization for eclamptic seizures: 1995-2015.

OBJECTIVE We sought to ascertain the drivers of the use of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) other than magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in seizure management in a cohort of pregnant and postpartum women with eclamptic seizure. METHODS Cases of seizure activity attributed to eclampsia from 1995-2015 at 2 large urban academic medical centers were identified and reviewed by a neurologist and an obstetrician. Analyses focused on patterns of ASM utilization among women according to timing, recurrence, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and specialty consultation with additional sub-analysis focusing on recurrent seizures only. RESULTS 93 cases of eclampsia were identified. 100% of subjects received MgSO4. 52% of women received an ASM in addition to MgSO4. Subjects with seizures occurring post-partum, with >1 seizure, or who had a formal neurology consult were more likely to receive an ASM in addition (risk ratio [RR] 3.05 [95% confidence interval [CI] [1.30-7.11], RR 3.01 [95% CI 1.29-7.02], and RR 6.29 [2.37, 16.71] respectively). Postpartum recurrent seizures or those receiving a neurology consult were also more likely to be treated with ASMs compared to recurrent or comanaged seizures occurring before delivery (RR 1.55 [1.02, 2.37] and 1.65 [1.02, 2.69]). CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective cohort, patients with atypical seizure presentation (e.g., postpartum and/or recurrent) and women who were comanaged with a neurologist were more likely to receive an ASM other than MgSO4.
Art or the Aesthetic? The Relevance of the Classical Sociology of Art for the Current Sociology of Culture

Classical sociological theories of art proceed from a shared insight: although cultures have always produced objects of esthetic beauty and symbolic significance, the emergence of art as a secular, commodified, and institutionalized practice is distinct to modernity. Because art was viewed as novel and historically specific, these theories took the study of art as an especially direct means of understanding the process of modernization itself. The classical accounts have notable limitations: they took a very narrow, exclusionary view of what merited study as art, gave little attention to local and subjective aspects of esthetic experience, and underemphasized the state’s investment in art. The contemporary sociology of art arose from a strong reaction against these classical theories during the late twentieth century. The resulting sociology of art is more inclusive and flexible, but lacks compelling theoretical grounds for studying certain cases over others. The chapter concludes by suggesting two ways that reviving the classical impulse may be of value for the current sociology of art: it could drive an empirical research agenda focused on new institutional arrangements in art, or could inform an effort to develop a general social theory grounded in esthetic experience.
Jaan Valsiner: A Ganzheitspsychologist?

This chapter covers what it has been like for the author to study under Jaan Valsiner and the kind of research that ensued. Volkerpsychologie and Ganzheitspsychologie as separate disciplines are addressed. The case is made that at the core, Valsiner’s approach to twenty-first-century cultural psychology takes on the general orientation of Genetic Ganzheitspsychologie from the second Leipzig school of psychology. The difference between Valsiner and the early advocates of Genetic Ganzheitspsychologie is merely that Valsiner has long expanded upon the early doctrine. That is, he refined the theoretical perspective not only by merging ideas with those by other theorists but also by spending much more time with new, necessary methodological approaches aimed at capturing both the developmental and holistic criteria of psychological phenomena. In doing so, Valsiner has set a new benchmark for what could now be called Ganzheitpsychologie V2.0.
Architectural Mining: The Other Side of the MDD

A back-of-the-envelope calculation suggests that - very, very conservatively - the world produces well over 33 billion lines of new or modified code every year. Curiously, the moment that code springs into being and is made manifest in a running system, it become legacy. The relentless accretion of code over months, years, even decades quickly turns every successful new project into a brownfield one. Although software has no mass, it does have weight, weight that can ossify any system by creating intertia to change and deadly creeping complexity. It requires energy to make such a system simple, and to intentionally apply that energy requires that one be able to reason about, understand, and visualize the system as built. Considerable research and labor has been invested in model-driven development for the purposes of transforming models into running systems, and while these efforts have yielded some useful results they have not led to the revolution that some expected. Similarly, considerable work has been undertaken in static and dynamic analysis and design pattern discovery, and while they too have yielded some useful results, these efforts have been rather scattered. Still, we believe that there is much more that can be done. One of the explicit goals we made in the early years of the UML was that it be a language for reasoning about a system, and so in this presentation, we'll reexamine that early goal. In particular, we'll look at efforts to consider the other side of MDD, the mining of the architecture of an as-built system from its source code and its execution.
Promoting Language and Literacy in Young Dual Language Learners: Research, Practice, and Policy

Abstract— Research evidence supports the importance of a high-quality early education to foster young children’s school readiness and success. In particular, programs that focus on eliminating the readiness gap for young minority children, including dual language learners (DLLs), have increased in importance given the current demographic shifts in the United States and the need to promote learning in the early years. This article discusses current knowledge about effective instructional strategies for promoting language and literacy development among young DLLs. It presents a brief summary of research on the relationship between oral language and literacy development, reviews instructional practices and language of instruction approaches, and concludes with recommendations for policy and future research.
Abnormal Papanicolaou smears: Evaluation by colposcopy, biopsies, and endocervical curettage☆

Abstract A prospective study of 76 patients with persistently abnormal Papanicolaou smears was performed. Histologic comparison of colposcopically directed punch biopsies and endocervical canal curettings and conization was carried out in all patients. Forty-eight patients had hysterectomy after conization. The results indicated that, when the endocervical canal curettings do not contain neoplastic tissue, colposcopically directed biopsies are sufficiently accurate in determining the cause of the abnormal Papanicolaou smear without the need for conization. Of additional significance, no patient without disease in the endocervical canal as proved by endocervical curettage had invasive carcinoma.
Chapter 11 Kondo effect: Alloys and compounds

Publisher Summary The chapter discusses the Kondo effect. The interaction between impurity ions with partially filled d or f electron shells and the conduction electrons of a metallic host can lead to variations in certain physical properties with temperature and magnetic field that have come to be associated with the “Kondo effect.” In zero magnetic field, these temperature dependent anomalies in the physical properties scale with a characteristic temperature TK, the Kondo temperature, above which the matrix impurity system behaves magnetically and below which the matrix-impurity system behaves nonmagnetically. The physical properties that exhibit anomalies attributable to the Kondo effect include the electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, thermoelectric power, specific heat; and, in systems where appropriate, superconducting properties such as the critical temperature Tc and the jump in specific heat that occurs at Tc. Because of the wide range of magnetic character displayed by the lanthanide metallic systems reviewed in the chapter, they provide a rich testing ground for the concepts and theories that have been advanced to account for Kondo-like anomalies in the physical properties of these systems. The chapter briefly discusses a number of models, which have been proposed to describe the systems that exhibit Kondo-like behavior in their physical properties.
Multimedia servers-design and performance

Examines multimedia servers that are used to store and play back large quantities of data for a large number of simultaneous users. Data files tend to be very long and are presented in the form of streams which must be maintained in synchronism with the display. The authors describe a generalized multimedia server architecture which consists of a distributed network of storage elements, control elements and network interface elements interconnected with a wideband switch fabric. They then describe a number of strategies for allocating video files to the storage elements in this server architecture and present the results of computer simulations describing the performance of the server under different assumptions of user demand.
Fatherhood Alters Behavioural and Neural Responsiveness in a Spatial Task

The hormones and experiences of pregnancy, parturition and lactation have been shown to dramatically remodel the female rat’s hippocampus, potentially enhancing behaviours critical for meeting the increased demands of motherhood. Previous work in our laboratory has also suggested that pup exposure, apart from pregnancy and lactation, constitutes an important influence on ancillary maternal behaviour (e.g. foraging behaviour). In the present study, we press the parental model further by examining the effect of pup exposure on the hippocampus of males from a biparental mouse species, the California mice (Peromyscus californicus). Males were either Fathers (i.e. first-time fathers housed with a female from mating until 7 days after parturition), pup-exposed virgins (PEV; i.e. sexually naive males briefly exposed to pups daily for 7 days) or Virgins (i.e. never exposed to females or pups). A dry-land maze (DLM), as used for assessing spatial learning, was employed to determine the foraging abilities of the males. The results indicated that, on the most challenging day of testing (i.e. acquisition day), California mouse Fathers demonstrated superior memory for the task compared to PEVs and Virgins. In addition to the behavioural data, significantly more fos-immunoreactivity was observed in the CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampi of Fathers than PEVs or Virgins in response to the probe trial. Additionally, a trend for altered performance on the DLM was observed in the PEVs on the last day of testing, which was accompanied by the highest levels of nestin-immunoreactivity, an indicant of neuroplasticity, of the three groups. In summary, these data suggest that, in accordance with previous observations of maternal rats, the paternal brain is similarly influenced by parental experience, as demonstrated by accompanying modifications to relevant neurobiological and behavioural responses.
Selecting information technology for physicians' practices: a cross-sectional study

Many physicians are transitioning from paper to electronic formats for billing, scheduling, medical charts, communications, etc. The primary objective of this research was to identify the relationship (if any) between the software selection process and the office staff's perceptions of the software's impact on practice activities. A telephone survey was conducted with office representatives of 407 physician practices in Oregon who had purchased information technology. The respondents, usually office managers, answered scripted questions about their selection process and their perceptions of the software after implementation. Multiple logistic regression revealed that software type, selection steps, and certain factors influencing the purchase were related to whether the respondents felt the software improved the scheduling and financial analysis practice activities. Specifically, practices that selected electronic medical record or practice management software, that made software comparisons, or that considered prior user testimony as important were more likely to have perceived improvements in the scheduling process than were other practices. Practices that considered value important, that did not consider compatibility important, that selected managed care software, that spent less than $10,000, or that provided learning time (most dramatic increase in odds ratio, 8.2) during implementation were more likely to perceive that the software had improved the financial analysis process than were other practices. Perhaps one of the most important predictors of improvement was providing learning time during implementation, particularly when the software involves several practice activities. Despite this importance, less than half of the practices reported performing this step.
Decomposition of formic acid on copper, nickel, and copper-nickel alloys: II. Catalytic and temperature-programmed decomposition of formic acid on CuSiO2, CuAl2O3, and Cu powder

Abstract Turnover rates for the catalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid (HCOOH) on Cu SiO 2 , Cu Al 2 O 3 , and Cu powder between 380 and 500K are reported. The turnover rate is independent of HCOOH partial pressure between 1.5 and 6 kPa, concentration of decomposition products, metal loading (0.33–19.2%), metal dispersion (0.03–22%), and the nature of the support. HCOOH adsorption on Cu at room temperature leads to the formation of surface formate. Its decomposition rate constant agrees with that reported for the catalytic decomposition of HCOOH on Cu, and the decomposition of HCOOH preadsorbed on Cu(110) at low coverage.
Multistream and Monte Carlo calculations of the sun's aureole

The scattered UV intensities in the sun's aureole are calculated using both a multi-stream scattering method and a Monte Carlo approach. Angular distributions for both Rayleigh and aerosol scatterings are obtained with a realistic atmospheric model. Moderate- and sharply-forward-peaked phase functions of aerosol scattering, corresponding to realistic analytic size distributions, are incorporated. Results from the two independent calculations are in reasonable agreement for a realistic atmospheric model. The results indicate that the scattered UV intensity in the sun's aureole is about four orders smaller than the transmitted intensity while the scattered intensity for pure Rayleigh scattering is only 1-10 millionths times that of the transmitted sun. Based on these intensity ratios, we estimate that the integrated scattered contributions from the aureole to a well-collimated sun photometer of acceptance aperture 2-3 deg are below about 1% of the direct contribution.
Prototyping Nanorod Control: A DNA Double Helix Sheathed within a DNA Six-Helix Bundle

The control of the structure of matter is a key goal of nanoscience. DNA is an exciting molecule for control because it forms programmable intermolecular interactions. Stiff DNA structures, such as the double crossover motif, the tensegrity triangle, and the six-helix bundle (6HB) have been used to produce periodic arrays of DNA components. The 6HB motif consists of six DNA double helices flanking an inner cavity whose diameter is similar to that of a double helix. This motif appears to be an excellent candidate to sheathe and control nanorods by inserting them into the cavity, and then to control the placement and orientation of the rod by controlling the DNA sheath. Here, we prototype this kind of control by using a seventh DNA double helix as the nanorod and fixing it inside the 6HB motif.