cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rates of C, N, P and Si recycling and denitrification at the US Mid-Atlantic continental slope depocenter

Abstract Benthic fluxes of O 2 , titration alkalinity (TA), total inorganic carbon (TIC), Ca 2+ , NO 3 − , NH 4 + , PO 4 3− , and Si(OH) 4 were measured by in situ benthic flux chamber incubations at 13 locations on the North Carolina continental slope. The majority of measurements were made at water depths of approximately 700–850 m, in the previously identified upper slope depocenter. This region is characterized by extremely high organic matter deposition rates and near saturation bottom water oxygen concentrations. Measured benthic fluxes of TA are reasonably correlated with O 2 benthic fluxes. Because bottom waters are supersaturated with respect to calcite and aragonite at these shallow water depths, these results demonstrate the importance of metabolically driven dissolution in this region. Subtraction of the calcium carbonate dissolution contributions from the TIC benthic fluxes suggests rates of organic matter remineralization ranging from 0.97 to 3.9 mol C m −2 yr −1 at the depocenter sites, a factor of 3–10 greater than estimated for the adjacent continental rise and upper slope areas. Because biological primary production in the overlying waters does not follow this pattern, these extremely high values are most likely supported by lateral inputs of highly reactive organic matter. Mass balance calculations indicate that despite the oxygenated bottom water conditions, 68% of the organic nitrogen released during organic matter remineralization processes is ultimately denitrified. The release of PO 4 3− from the depocenter sediments is equivalent to or larger than that predicted from the remineralization of Redfield organic matter. This implies either that PO 4 3− is preferentially released in this setting and that the accumulating sediments must be depleted in PO 4 3− relative to organic carbon or that another, non-organic, phase is contributing PO 4 3− to the system. The molar ratio of the Si benthic flux and organic carbon remineralization rate ranges from 0.30 to 0.86. This is significantly greater than the ratio reported for most pelagic diatoms. Possible reasons for this high ratio include the deposition of benthic diatoms that may have a larger Si : C ratio than pelagic diatoms, the near-bottom lateral input of partially reworked organic matter that may have an elevated Si : C ratio relative to fresh diatoms, preferential loss of carbon in sinking particulates or the release of Si from non-opaline materials.
Elevated systolic blood pressure after trauma: Tolerated in the elderly

Abstract Background We undertook the current study to determine the impact of elevated admission systolic blood pressure (SBP) on trauma patients without severe brain injury. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective review of the Los Angeles County Trauma System database to identify all patients with moderate to severe injuries (injury severity score >9) admitted between 2003 and 2008. Patients with head abbreviated injury score >3 were excluded. We divided the remaining patients into three age cohorts and conducted multivariate regression modeling at increasing SBP thresholds to identify independent predictors of mortality. Results A total of 23,931 patients met inclusion criteria. Overall mortality was 8.6% and it increased with age across the three groups. The admission SBP thresholds associated with significantly increased mortality in the young and middle-aged were >190 mm Hg (AOR 1.5, P = 0.04) and >180 mm Hg (AOR 1.5, P = 0.01), respectively. In the elderly, no admission SBP threshold was associated with significantly increased mortality. Interestingly, several elevated admission SBP thresholds were associated with significantly reduced mortality in the elderly (>150 mm Hg AOR 0.6, P 160 mm Hg AOR 0.6, P 170 mm Hg AOR 0.7, P = 0.02). Conclusions The admission SBP thresholds that predicted higher mortality for the young and middle-aged were >190 mm Hg and >180 mm Hg, respectively. Elderly trauma patients tolerated higher admission SBP than their younger counterparts and multiple elevated SBP thresholds were associated with significantly reduced mortality in the elderly.
Social Activism, Self-Advocacy, and Coping with Hiv Illness

Activist organizations are a relatively unique collective setting for people living with an HIV infection or AIDS. Communication within these organizations includes educational and motivational practices designed to facilitate change for the group and for its individual members. In this study, we examined differences between activist and nonactivist individuals (N = 174) with HIV or AIDS. Results demonstrated that, in comparison with nonactivists, activists (i) used more problem-focused coping and less emotion-focused coping, (ii) had greater knowledge of HIV-treatment information sources, and (iii) had greater HIV social network integration. We speculate that there are two reasons for these differences: (i) there are behavioral and psychological predisposing factors that lead to membership in an activist group, and (ii) the educational and motivational environments established through the relationships of activist group members (i.e., the social tasks of the collective) lead to changes in individuals.
A Low Power, Highly Scalable, Vertical Double Gate MOSFET Using Novel Processes

A sub-45-nm body thickness, vertical-channel, double-gate MOSFET (VDFET) is fabricated on a bulk silicon substrate. The process, in principle, is scalable down to sub-5-nm body thicknesses. It is realized that using very coarse lithography (~1 mum resolution) does not require chemical-mechanical polarization (CMP), and is capable of being integrated with a planar CMOS flow. It relies on the following key, novel, unit processes: (1) a spacer process capable of thickness down to 5 nm; (2) an additional self-aligned process for obtaining a thicker bottom/corner oxide, thus, minimizing leakage and parasitic capacitance; (3) a novel drain contact process including etch stop and implant. Each unit process, by itself, exhibits the versatility to be used in other applications too. Various implant conditions, order of implant step, and starting substrate dopings are studied, and best conditions identified through TSUPREM4 simulations, and later, through experiments to ensure process robustness and dopant tunability for the thin-body vertical double-gate MOSFETs (VDFETs). Drain was implanted separately for better channel length control. Excellent electrical properties in terms of Id - Vds,Id - Vgs, and Ig - Vgs are measured. Electrical results show excellent short-channel effect (SCE) immunity and close to an ideal subthreshold slope (64 mV/dec), resulting in a very high ION-IOFF ratio. In addition, the impact of body thickness and the drain contact area on I-V curves and the impact of the Si3N4 etch-stop layer on channel current enhancement are studied.
Medulloblastoma presenting as consecutive esotropia after successful lateral rectus muscle recession for infantile exotropia

Comitant infantile exotropia is a rare entity and is far less common than infantile esotropia. It has been shown to be highly correlated with intracranial pathology. We report a case of a medulloblastoma in a child in whom it presented as an incomitant esotropia after surgical correction for comitant infantile exotropia.
CASH FLOWS, CURRENCY RISK, AND THE COST OF CAPITAL

Currency fluctuations can affect firms' cash flows. There is evidence that cash flows are related to a covariance risk factor in global stock markets. Taken together, these two lines of research suggest that the underlying link between currency movements and stock returns may be the cash flow. We test this transmission mechanism with the mimicking portfolio approach. Empirically, we find that our test assets have significant exposure to the currency factor-mimicking portfolio and this factor carries a significant and positive risk premium.
Ad-hoc nodes and Internet connectivity using pseudo-wire interfaces

An increasing interest in supporting the nomadic nature of mobile nodes has lead to interesting ideas towards the deployment of Internet access to ad-hoc nodes. Most of the proposed solutions using mobile IP assume that the mobility agent is located adjacent to the ad-hoc domain. The current work differs from others in that it assumes a separation between the ad-hoc domain and the mobility agent. Mobile IP requires establishing layer-2 connectivity between the mobile device and the mobility agent to provide mobility support. This paper proposes using a gateway and a layer 2 tunneling protocol version 3 (L2TPv3) based tunnel between the ad-hoc domain and the mobility agent to provide Internet connectivity. The analysis of the proposed approach shows that it is more scalable with respect to other approaches.
Ethnography and Measurement in Mental Health: Qualitative Validation of a Measure of Continuity of Care (CONNECT)

Ethnography contributes to measure development by enhancing validity and providing a basis for qualitative validation. Validating research measures means making cases for their "trustworthiness." The authors argue for the trustworthiness of CONNECT, a measure of continuity of care, by presenting the interpretive logic through which they elaborated continuity for measure construction purposes. They used category construction methods to identify mechanisms of continuity in ethnographic data. Mechanisms suggested five measurement domains: (a) knowledge, (b) flexibility, (c) availability, (d) coordination, and (e) transitions. Validation rationales summarize the ethnographic evidence and explain how the domain relates to continuity. In making explicit the data and the reasoning used, the authors argue for the trustworthiness of their interpretation. The arguments for trustworthiness demonstrate a qualitative validation process.
Material behavior changes in underfill encapsulants exposed to isothermal aging

Silica filled epoxy encapsulants used for microelectronic packaging are known to exhibit evolving properties that change significantly with environmental exposures such as isothermal aging and thermal cycling. Most aging effects are typically exacerbated at higher temperatures at or above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the encapsulant. Such extremes are often used during the high temperature dwells present in thermal cycling qualification tests for harsh environment electronic packaging. In this work, the first measurements of material behavior changes occurring in flip chip underfill encapsulants exposed to isothermal aging at temperatures near the Tg of the material have been performed. A microscale tension-torsion testing machine was used to evaluate the uniaxial tensile stress-strain and creep behaviors of an underfill material at several temperatures, after various durations of isothermal aging at 125 degC. A method has been developed to fabricate underfill uniaxial test specimens so that they accurately reflect the encapsulant layer present in flip chip assemblies. Using the developed specimen preparation procedure, samples were prepared and then aged for up to 500 hours at 125 degC. Stress-strain and creep tests have been performed on both non-aged and aged samples, and the changes in mechanical behavior were recorded for various durations of isothermal exposure. The obtained results showed an obvious degradation of the underfill mechanical properties and creep behavior as a function of the duration of the prior aging/preconditioning at 125 degC. Both the elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength decline monotonically with the amount of isothermal aging. The observed trends suggest that this underfill will eventually lose all rigidity and cohesion if aged appropriately long at 125 degC
Power optimization of memoryless wireless media systems with space-time block codes

In this research article, we present an analytical solution to the problem of power control in wireless media systems with multiple transmit antennas. We formulate an optimization problem aimed at minimizing total power consumption of wireless media systems subject to a given level of quality of service (QoS) and an available bit rate. Our formulation takes into consideration the power consumption related to source coding, channel coding, and transmission of multiple transmit antennas relying on the H.263 source coding standard, Rayleigh fading channels along with the Bernoulli loss model, and space-time block codes respectively.
Effwct of temperature on the circular dichroism spectra of polypeptides in the extended state

The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of poly-L-proline and of poly-L-glutamic acid and poly-L-lysine in their charged states have been studied as a function of temperature. The variation of CD spectra with temperature is inconsistent with the assignment of the spectrum of such charged polypetides to an unordered chain conformation, but does support our earlier assignment to a locally ordered structure—what we have called the extended helix conformation. These results also strengthen our previous assignment of the CD spectrum of an unordered chain, and indicate that three conformational states (α-helix, extended helix, and unordered) should be incorporated in our thinking about conformational transitions in polypeptides.
Prenatal Organophosphate Metabolite and Organochlorine Levels and Performance on the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale in a Multiethnic Pregnancy Cohort

Prenatal exposures to organophosphate pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls have been associated with abnormal neonatal behavior and/or primitive reflexes. In 1998-2002, the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Center (New York City) investigated the effects of indoor pesticide use and exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls on pregnancy outcome and child neurodevelopment in an inner-city multiethnic cohort. The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale was administered before hospital discharge (n = 311). Maternal urine samples were analyzed for six dialkylphosphate metabolites and malathion dicarboxylic acid. A random subset of maternal peripheral blood samples from the entire cohort (n = 194) was analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls and 1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene. Malathion dicarboxylic acid levels above the limit of detection were associated with a 2.24-fold increase in the number of abnormal reflexes (95% confidence interval: 1.55, 3.24). Likewise, higher levels of total diethylphosphates and total dialkylphosphates were associated with an increase in abnormal reflexes, as was total dimethylphosphates after paraoxonase expression was considered. No adverse associations were found with polychlorinated biphenyl or 1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene levels and any behavior. The authors uncovered additional evidence that prenatal levels of organophosphate pesticide metabolites are associated with anomalies in primitive reflexes, which are a critical marker of neurologic integrity.
Mechanisms for Initiating Cellular DNA Replication

The initiation of DNA replication represents a committing step to cell proliferation. Appropriate replication onset depends on multiprotein complexes that help properly distinguish origin regions, generate nascent replication bubbles, and promote replisome formation. This review describes initiation systems employed by bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, with a focus on comparing and contrasting molecular mechanisms among organisms. Although commonalities can be found in the functional domains and strategies used to carry out and regulate initiation, many key participants have markedly different activities and appear to have evolved convergently. Despite significant advances in the field, major questions still persist in understanding how initiation programs are executed at the molecular level.
Isolation of an embryogenic line from non-embryogenic Brassica napus cv. Westar through microspore embryogenesis

Brassica napus cultivar Westar is non-embryogenic under all standard protocols for induction of microspore embryogenesis; however, the rare embryos produced in Westar microspore cultures, induced with added brassinosteroids, were found to develop into heritably stable embryogenic lines after chromosome doubling. One of the Westar-derived doubled haploid (DH) lines, DH-2, produced up to 30% the number of embryos as the highly embryogenic B. napus line, Topas DH4079. Expression analysis of marker genes for embryogenesis in Westar and the derived DH-2 line, using real-time reverse transcription-PCR, revealed that the timely expression of embryogenesis-related genes such as LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1), LEC2, ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3, and BABY BOOM1, and an accompanying down-regulation of pollen-related transcripts, were associated with commitment to embryo development in Brassica microspores. Microarray comparisons of 7 d cultures of Westar and Westar DH-2, using a B. napus seed-focused cDNA array (10 642 unigenes), identified highly expressed genes related to protein synthesis, translation, and response to stimulus (Gene Ontology) in the embryogenic DH-2 microspore-derived cell cultures. In contrast, transcripts for pollen-expressed genes were predominant in the recalcitrant Westar microspores. Besides being embryogenic, DH-2 plants showed alterations in morphology and architecture as compared with Westar, for example epinastic leaves, non-abscised petals, pale flower colour, and longer lateral branches. Auxin, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA) profiles in young leaves, mature leaves, and inflorescences of Westar and DH-2 revealed no significant differences that could account for the alterations in embryogenic potential or phenotype. Various mechanisms accounting for the increased capacity for embryogenesis in Westar-derived DH lines are considered.
The Invention of Modern Moral Philosophy A Review of The Invention of Autonomy by J. B. Schneewind

This review essay assesses the significance of J. B. Schneewind's The Invention of Autonomy for the history of moral thought in general and for religious ethics in particular. The essay offers an overview of Schneewind's complex argument before critically discussing his four central themes: the primacy of Immanuel Kant, the fundamentality of conflict, the insufficiency of virtue, and community with God. Whereas Schneewind argues that an impasse between modern natural law and perfectionist ethics revealed irresolvable tensions withing Christian ethics and thus encouraged the emergence of secular moral thought, this author suggests that these tensions were specific to a voluntarist strand of Christian moral thought form which even antivoluntarists of the modern period were unable to break free.
Expanding Access to Health Care: It Takes More than Money

Recent efforts to expand access to health care for nearly 50 million uninsured Americans have focused on expanding access to Medicaid and private health insurance. Extending coverage to uninsured individuals is obviously necessary, but it is not sufficient because access to health insurance does not necessarily mean access to health care.
Biodistribution and Radiation Dosimetry Estimates of 1-(2′-Deoxy-2′-18F-Fluoro-1-β-d-Arabinofuranosyl)-5-Bromouracil: PET Imaging Studies in Dogs

This study reports on the biodistribution and radiation estimates of 1-(2′-deoxy-2′-18F-fluoro-1-β-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-bromouracil (18F-FBAU), a potential tracer for imaging DNA synthesis. Methods: Three normal dogs were intravenously administered 18F-FBAU and a dynamic PET scan was performed for 60 min over the upper abdomen followed by a whole-body scan for a total of 150 min. Blood samples were collected at stipulated time intervals to evaluate tracer clearance and metabolism. Tissue samples of various organs were analyzed for tracer uptake and DNA incorporation. Dynamic accumulation of the tracer in different organs was derived from reconstructed PET images. The radiation dosimetry of 18F-FBAU was evaluated using the MIRD method. Results: At 60 min after injection, blood analysis found >90% of the activity in unmetabolized form. At 2 h after injection, 18F-FBAU uptake was highest in proliferating tissues (mean SUVs: marrow, 2.6; small intestine, 4.0), whereas nonproliferative tissues showed little uptake (mean SUVs: muscle, 0.75; lung, 0.70; heart, 0.85; liver, 1.28). Dynamic image analysis over 60 min showed progressive uptake of the tracer in marrow. Extraction studies demonstrated that most of the activity in proliferative tissues was in the acid-insoluble fraction (marrow, 83%; small intestine, 73%), consistent with incorporation into DNA. In nonproliferative tissue, most of the activity was not found in the acid-insoluble fraction (>84% for heart, muscle, and liver). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that 18F-FBAU was resistant to metabolism, readily incorporated into DNA in proliferating tissues, and showed good contrast between organs of variable DNA synthesis. These findings indicate that 18F-FBAU may find use in measuring DNA synthesis with PET.
"They Will Post a Law about Playing Soccer" and Other Ethnic/Racial Microaggressions in Organized Activities Experienced by Mexican-Origin Families.

Organized activities have been found to provide positive experiences for Latino adolescents to develop confidence and learn critical life skills; however, these programs are sometimes a context where youth encounter negative experiences related to ethnic/racial microaggressions (ERMs). This qualitative study explores the types of ERMs that Mexican-origin parents and adolescents encountered in their organized activities experience. Parents were mainly concerned about SB-1070 and the associated law enforcement practices that posed a threat to transporting their children to and from the organized activity site. Adolescents reported that they encountered overt (e.g., ethnic teasing) as well as covert forms of discriminatory behavior (e.g., implicit ethnic stereotypes) from peers and adult leaders. Attention to the processes of ERM is critical to helping practitioners promote positive intergroup relations so that more Latinos will participate and stay active in organized activities.
A study of alteration phases on glass-bonded zeolite and sodaiate using the vapor hydration test

This paper focuses on the reaction of glass-bonded zeolite and sodalite ceramic waste forms, naturally occurring sodalite, and their respective alteration phases that formed after reaction in a Vapor Hydration Test (VHT). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the glass-bonded zeolite and sodalite samples indicate that NaCI is the major alteration phase present, along with KCI, Na-Al-Si, and Na-K-Ca-Al-Si phases. The order of precipitation of salt crystals from ceramic waste form occurred in the sequence NaCl ⇒ KCl ⇒ CaCl2 and MgCl2. We also found aluminum silicate phases containing Ca, Mg, K-Na-Ca, K-Mg, Na-K-Mg, K-Ca-Na-Mg, as well as CaCO3, SiO2. The ratio of Si/Al in the alteration phases was noted to increase from approximately 1.5 to 5 during the progressive alteration of the samples. This trend indicates a relative increase in the contribution of silicon from the relatively Si-rich glass regions of the samples over time. Phases enriched in Cs, Ba and rare earth elements (RE) were also observed on the altered samples. Alteration phases initially appeared along the micro-fractures during the early stages of alteration. The number of micro-fractures, density of alteration phase cover, and grain size of alteration phases increased with reaction time and temperature.
3D-measurement of Micro Structure of Surface and the Application in Manufacture

Based on the applied machining technology and a established evaluation system,up to now 2D-measurement of micro structure of surface for parts is still in a main position.But recently the 3D-measurement of micro structure of surface is applying practical process with the new technology of laser structuring applied more and more important process.Taking car engines which are characterized by mass production for example this article describes typical application of 3D-measurement and introduces relative evaluation parameters.
A Synthesized Model of Short Selling Constraints and Their Impact on Stock Returns

This paper presents a synthesized model explaining the returns of short-sale constrained stocks. We combine short-sale constraints that were previously treated individually or in pairs into a more fully specified model. The model is also specified in generally falling versus generally rising markets, and in consideration of relative effects for large/mid-cap versus small/micro-cap firms. There is evidence that a more fully specified model provides additional insight with less factor omission bias than prior models. Additionally, our results also indicate pricing differences between least versus most short-sale constrained stocks.
Current status of pancreas transplantation.

Data on pancreas transplantation results from Pancreas Transplant Registry and from one institution (respectivly 1394 and 210 pancreas transplantations) has been noted. Survival rates and courses of prexexisting complications of diabetes are reported in terms of surgery procedures and association of kidney transplantation
Simultaneous Ultrasensitive Subpopulation Staining/Hybridization In Situ (SUSHI) in HIV-1 Disease Monitoring

The field of virology is undergoing a revolution as diagnostic tests and new therapies are allowing clinicians to treat, monitor, and predict outcomes of viral diseases. The majority of these techniques, however, destroy the factory of viral production and the information inherent in the reservoir - the cell. In this chapter, we describe a technique that combines cell surface immunophenotyping (to unequivocally identify cell types) and ultrasensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization (U-FISH) for HIV-1 to detect productively infected cells. Identification of virus and host (cells) allows earlier detection of changes in viral production and viral suppression but most importantly allows clinicians to monitor response to anti-viral therapy on a cell-by-cell and tissue-by-tissue basis taking into account the fact that the human body consists of very different, distinct compartments with unique selection pressures exerted on the viral life cycle.
Holy feigning in the Apophthegmata Patrum

The purpose of this article is to uncover the meaning of holy feigning in the late-antique Christian text the Apophthegmata Patrum , or Sayings of the Desert Fathers [and Mothers] . Whereas stories in this text depict demonic feigning as a regular occurrence (demons often appearing in the guise of a fellow desert dweller), what I call ‘holy feigning’ depicts one desert Christian expressing empathy for the situation of another – and helping the other to change. By looking at two stories that are paradigmatic of holy feigning, I show that exemplary deceptive behaviour, though explicitly defying the otherwise consistent rhetoric of ‘radical self-honesty’ in the Apophthegmata Patrum , paradoxically marks out the person who feigns as holy, discerning and imitative of Christ. In this article, I offer several suggestions for accounting for this seeming contradiction in the desert literature and propose how a spirituality of holy feigning might remain meaningful to readers of this literature today.
Impact of Scribes on Billed Relative Value Units in an Academic Emergency Department.

Abstract Background Scribe use throughout health care is becoming more common. There is limited peer-reviewed literature supporting this emerging role in health care despite rapid uptake of the role. Objectives Our study assesses impact of scribes on relative value units (RVUs) in adult and pediatric emergency departments (EDs). Methods A prospective cohort study was developed in a tertiary academic ED. Charts were coded by an external billing and coding company, then returned and mapped by International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision diagnostic codes. After training by a staff member with significant experience in implementing scribe programs, scribes provided 1-to-1 support to a provider as staffing allowed. Comparisons were made between scribed and nonscribed visits. Results There were 49,389 patient visits during the study period (39,926 adult [80.84%] and 9463 pediatric [19.16%] visits), of which 7865 (15.9%) were scribed. For adults, scribed visits produced 0.20 additional RVUs per patient ( p p p p = 0.007). ESI score had no effect on RVUs. The impact of scribes on pediatric diagnostic groupings was inconsistent. Conclusions Scribes had a positive impact on RVUs in adult but not pediatric patients. Among adults, scribes led to higher RVUs in ESI 2 and 3 but not 4 and 5 patients, perhaps suggesting a limitation to improve revenue capture on lower-acuity patients.
Field Quality and Fabrication Analysis of HQ02 Reconstructed Nb3Sn Coil Cross Sections

Author(s): Holik, EF; Ambrosio, G; Carbonara, A; Dietderich, DR; Dimarco, J; Pong, I; Sabbi, GL; Santini, C; Schmalzle, J; Wang, X | Abstract: The U.S. LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) quadrupole HQ02 was designed and fully tested as part of the low-beta quad development for Hi-Lumi LHC. HQ02's design is well documented with full fabrication accounting along with full field analysis at low and high current. With this history, HQ02 is an excellent test bed for developing a methodology for measuring turn locations from magnet cross sections and comparing with CAD models and measured field. All four coils of HQ02 were cut in identical locations along the magnetic length corresponding to magnetic field measurement and coil metrology. A real-time camera and coordinate measuring equipment was used to plot turn corners. Measurements include systematic and random displacements of winding blocks and individual turns along the magnetic length. The range of cable shifts and the field harmonic range along the length are in agreement, although correlating turn locations and measured harmonics in each cross section is challenging.
Impact of Nutrition on Treatment Outcome in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia of Childhood in Developing Country

Abstract 4744 Malnutrition is a major problem in children with cancer. All conventional modalities of anti cancer therapy interfere with normal nutrition. In this study we retrospectively analyzed 331 children of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) being intensively treated by National cancer Institute protocol (MCP 841) during period from August, 2000 to December, 2010 in a tertiary cancer institute of the country. Our aim was to determine the nutritional status of children with ALL at diagnosis and to study the influence of nutrition on complete remission, disease free survival (DFS) and toxicity of chemotherapy. The variables studied were height for age, weight for age and serum albumin levels. The height for age and the weight for age were taken as normal if they were between 3 rd and 97 th percentile curve of the growth chart as recommended by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). The albumin level was considered normal if the value was equal to or more than 3 gm%. It was seen that 16.9% children were low weight for age and 10.3% were of low height for age at diagnosis. Low weight for age (p value We conclude that malnutrition is having much impact on prognosis of ALL in developing countries like ours. The major nutrition indicators are height for age, weight for age and serum albumin. The patients with malnutrition have less DFS duration, more chances of relapse and more toxicity during therapy as compared to well nourished children. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Multi-cycling instrumented nanoindentation of a Ti-23Nb-0.7Ta-2Zr-1.2O alloy in annealed condition

Abstract In this study, depth-dependent mechanical properties ( i.e. hardness, elastic modulus, and indentation size effect) as well as strain rate sensitivity of a new class of titanium based alloys, Ti-23Nb-0.7Ta-2Zr-1.2O, are considered. To this end, local deformation micro-mechanisms of this alloy are investigated systematically through a constant-strain rate (CSR) instrumented nanoindentation testing technique. The CSR nanoindentation tests were performed at ambient (room) temperature with nominal indentation depths of 100–2000 nm and strain rates of 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 s −1 using a Berkovich pyramidal indenter. Nanoindentation is a particularly reliable tool for studying elastic/plastic behavior of metallic alloys. Large strain gradients around the indenter should reveal and help clarify the thermally activated mechanisms contributing to the plastic deformation processes which can quantitatively be interpreted by examining the rate sensitivity index, m , and activation volume. Indentation results show that the strain rate sensitivity and activation volume, Burger’s vector times activation area, are depth-dependent phenomena revealing different controlling plastic deformation mechanisms.
On-chip characterization of scale-factor of a MEMS gyroscope via a micro calibration platform

This paper reports characterization of a micro actuation and sensing platform for on-chip scale factor measurement and calibration of generic MEMS inertial sensors. The platform has a unique 6-DOF-motion capability that is used to deliver calibration stimuli with minimum off-axis motion, simultaneous excitation of multiple calibration axes, and on-chip measurement of acceleration sensitivities of the tested IMU. The microsystem is demonstrated to provide rotational calibration references with less than 15–30 ppm short-term instability for characterization of scale factor of a commercial gyroscope load in its full sensing range.
Commentary: Some Aspects of Optimal Control Theory

Abstract The five papers to be presented at the Optimal Control Theory session of the 5th World Congress of the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) are motivated by realistic problems. They broaden the applicability potential of control theory and simplify implementation of near-optimal control laws.
An H2S‐Sensing/CO‐Releasing Flavonol That Operates via Logic Gates

Signaling molecules, including H2S and CO, are involved in a complex interplay within cells to maintain cellular homeostasis. In order to investigate the intracellular interplay of different gasotransmitters, new molecular tools are needed that combine the sensing and release capabilities of different small molecules in a single, multifunctional, and highly regulated molecular platform. This report gives the first example of a combined H2S-sensor/CO-releasing molecule. This flavonol-based molecular tool operates intracellularly via a highly regulated AND logic gated input–output sequence and provides fluorescent feedback for the H2S detection and CO release steps. This linear sequence can be combined with a fluorescent molecular sensor for CO detection via a third distinct emission. Overall, this is the first molecular framework that can combine the sensing of H2S with the controlled release of CO, two gaseous molecules that are known to exhibit reciprocal regulation and have overlapping targets in cellular environments.
Annotated face model-based alignment: a robust landmark-free pose estimation approach for 3D model registration

Registering a 3D facial model onto a 2D image is important for constructing pixel-wise correspondences between different facial images. The registration is based on a 3 $$\times $$ 4 dimensional projection matrix, which is obtained from pose estimation. Conventional pose estimation approaches employ facial landmarks to determine the coefficients inside the projection matrix and are sensitive to missing or incorrect landmarks. In this paper, a landmark-free pose estimation method is presented. The method can be used to estimate the matrix when facial landmarks are not available. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms several landmark-free pose estimation methods and achieves competitive accuracy in terms of estimating pose parameters. The method is also demonstrated to be effective as part of a 3D-aided face recognition pipeline (UR2D), whose rank-1 identification rate is competitive to the methods that use landmarks to estimate head pose.
Incorporating Google Trends Data in Predicting Consumer Confidence in Sri Lanka

The paper employs a spike-and-slab technique to select Google Trends categories into an augmented autoregressive model to nowcast Sri Lanka’s consumer confidence. The paper then examines the benefits of incorporating Google Trends data in predicting consumer confidence in Sri Lanka: i. Increasing prediction accuracy: The Central Bank of Sri Lanka is able to forecast consumer confidence with greater certainty. ii. Reducing time lag: The Central Bank is able to make real-time prediction of consumer confidence. The first benefit results from the ability of using Google search queries to reflect consumer confidence. Google Inc. classifies search queries into categories via Google Trends service. Incorporating Google Trends data increases the predictive power of the forecast model, compared to AR(1) baseline. The second benefit arises because Google Trends data are available in real time. Economic time series, like consumer confidence, are reported infrequently, often monthly or quarterly. Using Google Trends data reducing the time lag of consumer confidence reporting.
Impedance spectroscopy study of SrTiO3 pulse laser deposited photoelectrodes

Abstract Strontium titanate (STO) is an oxide that has found application in several technological areas and is a candidate electrode for photoelectrochemical cells (PECs). In this study, STO thin films were prepared via pulsed laser deposition to function as PEC electrodes. Effects of post-deposition annealing in a reducing environment on the photocatalytic activity of these electrodes are characterized by measurements of optical and electrochemical properties of the films. These observations are used to obtain insight into how the crystal and electronic properties of these electrodes are affected by the annealing process. Low annealing temperatures produce non-crystalline STO films that exhibit low photocatalytic activity. Annealing at 500 °C and higher allowed the formation of crystalline STO, which showed substantially higher ultraviolet-driven photocurrent densities. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals large decreases in charge transfer resistance that is associated with improved performance of these films. Oxygen evolution at these electrodes was confirmed with a rotating ring-disk electrode setup. Porous versions of the STO films were investigated to evaluate the effect larger surface area can have in enhancing the water oxidation performance.
Natural variation at qHd1 affects heading date acceleration at high temperatures with pleiotropism for yield traits in rice

Rice is highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Recently, the frequent occurrence of high temperature stress has heavily influenced rice production. Proper heading date in specific environmental conditions could ensure high grain yield. Rice heading greatly depends on the accurate measurement of environmental changes, particularly in day length and temperature. In contrary to the detailed understanding of the photoperiod pathway, little has been known about how temperature regulates the genetic control of rice heading. Near isogenic lines that were segregated for qHd1, were developed from a cross between indica rice varieties Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and Milyang 46 (MY46). Using a five sowing-date experiment in the paddy field, we observed the involvement of qHd1 in temperature responses. With the gradual increase of temperature from Trial I to V, heading date of MY46 homozygotes continued to decrease for about 5 d per trial from 76 to 58 d, while that of ZS97 homozygotes was promoted at the same rate from Trial I to III and then stabilized at 69 d. This thermal response was confirmed in a temperature-gradient experiment conducted in the phytotron. It is also found that tolerance of the ZS97 allele to heading acceleration at high temperature was associated with higher grain weight that resulted in higher grain yield. Then, by qRT-PCR and RNA-seq, we found the pathway OsMADS51-Ehd1-RFT1/Hd3a underlying the qHd1-mediated floral response to temperature. By sequence comparison, OsMADS51 for qHd1 displayed a 9.5-kb insertion in the 1st intron of the ZS97 allele compared to the MY46 allele. Furthermore, this large insertion is commonly found in major early-season indica rice varieties, but not in the middle- and late-season ones, which corresponds to the requirement for high-temperature tolerance during the heading and grain-filling stages of early-season rice. Beneficial alleles at qHd1 confer tolerance to high temperatures at the heading and grain-filling stages, playing a significant role in the eco-geographical adaptation of early-season indica rice during modern breeding. These results, together with the underlying OsMADS51-Ehd1-RFT1/Hd3a floral pathway, provide valuable information for better understanding the molecular mechanism of temperature responsive regulation of heading date and yield traits in rice.
Quality of life and affect in later life.

Publisher Summary This chapter addresses the research literature on psychological well-being, quality of life (QOL), and affect, as they apply to older people and suggests a new way of accounting for their interrelationships. The literature on affect experience examines the relation to Helson's adaptation level (AL) theory. QOL is asserted to represent a subjective processing of the overall duration and intensity of affect states over a self-chosen period of time augmented by stable personality characteristics and cognitive affective schemata built up over variable periods of time. The person tends to select the reference time period in such a way as to optimize the excess of positive over negative affect. The connection between events and QOL is clearly mediated by affect and the hedonic integral of these states. Events may be protracted in time, as in the case where the event of residential location in turn creates, or allows the person to form, an ongoing set of new daily events. In contexts that are ongoing and relatively stable, the person's familiarity and sense of personal competence in living in that context contribute to the mild sense of positive affect (PA) that constitutes most people's baseline level of QOL. Intrusions of negative events are more likely as personal competence decreases and as contexts become imposed rather than chosen. Internally focused affect management processes, such as adaptation and cognitive control come into play at that point. Thus, the continuing motivation to remain proactive, together with the use of reactive affect management mechanisms, accounts for the surplus of PA over negative affect (NA) states.
The Synthesis and the Synthetic Theory

Commentators on the evolutionary synthesis frequently identify that event with the formulation of the “synthetic theory.” According to the simplest such characterization of the synthesis, Mendelian genetic theory and Darwinian evolutionary theory — once considered irreconcilable — were eventually reconciled in the theory of population genetics, which is the core of the synthetic theory. That reconciliation itself constituted the much-heralded synthesis.1
Clinician Self-Care

Self-care is a core competency for all clinicians that strengthens professional and personal satisfaction, enhances connections with patients and clinical effectiveness, and protects against the risk of burnout. Burnout is a prevalent occupational hazard in health care that is defined by physical and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a loss of feelings of efficacy. Burnout can have a significant impact on the health of clinicians, the care they provide, and even their ability to continue in their chosen profession. Clinicians can learn to recognize its early signs and develop strategies that protect against burnout and build resilience to assure a satisfying professional and personal life. Just as the palliative approach to patient care emphasizes supporting all aspects of personhood, our approach to self-care also encompasses care of the physical, emotional/social, mental, and spiritual parts of oneself. In this chapter we discuss a variety of strategies to promote self-care and build positive practices and habits.
Abstract B50: The role of CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling in triple-negative breast cancer progression

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and is difficult to treat. There is a major health disparity associated with TNBC; the number of fatalities associated with this disease is significantly higher in African American women compared to their Caucasian counterparts. The mechanisms behind these differences have not been entirely elucidated. There are no targeted therapies for TNBC; instead, standard therapy for this disease includes a combination of chemotherapeutic drugs: doxorubicin (DOX), paclitaxel (TAX), and/or cyclophosphamide (CTX). Even more troubling, the efficacy of standard TNBC therapies is marginal and patients eventually become resistant to this intervention. TNBC patients suffer from chemoresistance and metastasis and ultimately succumb to this disease. Understanding TNBC and its health disparity requires a better understanding of the race-specific differences in breast tumor biology, molecules leading to breast inflammation, and the mechanisms associated with TNBC chemoresistance. Chemokines and their receptors play a significant role in TNBC. Our laboratory was the first to show that CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling mediates prostate cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and survival (1-3). We also demonstrated that CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling induces cancer progression signaling pathways PI3K, AKT, ERK, and Jun (1;4). These preliminary and published findings provide the rationale or scientific premise in support of our hypothesis that CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling promotes TNBC progression migration, invasion, proliferation, and chemoresistance. To determine whether CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling induces TNBC, the expression profile of CXCL13 and CXCR5 RNA, associated miRNAs, and cancer progression genes (epithelial mesenchymal transition [EMT] markers) will be correlated with disease-free and overall survival of TNBC patients in silico using RNA-seq datasets from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). Fastq data set files were downloaded from SRA, checked for quality control, aligned, and normalized using open-source platforms. Hierarchical clustering, gene set enrichment analysis, disease progression analysis, and statistics were conducted using Partek Genomic Suite. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using Ingenuity Pathway Studios. Overall, CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling is implicated in TNBC progression, migration, and invasion. Citation Format: Courtney D. Dill, Adaugo Okoro, Dongquan Chen, James W. Lillard, Jr.. The role of CXCL13-CXCR5 signaling in triple-negative breast cancer progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B50.
The Hall/Van de Castle System of Content Analysis

The first task for a dream content coding system, as for any content analysis, is the formulation of a set of categories encompassing the relevant aspects of dream reports in a reliable and useful way. In an abstract sense, the categories in a system of classification can be either theoretical or empirical. A theoretical category is one derived from a theory of personality and applied to a dream report. For example, a category derived from Jung’s theory of archetypes or Freud’s theory of the castration complex is a theoretical category. An empirical category, on the other hand, is one developed in a trial-and-error fashion from a reading of numerous dream reports with no theoretical intentions in mind. “Friends,” “aggressive interactions,” “physical activities,” “misfortunes,” and “successes” are examples of empirical categories in the Hall/Van de Castle system.