cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Impossibility of Expecting the Unexpected: Identity, Exchange, and a General Model of Transferred Expectations in Forensic Evidence Handling

Expectancy effects in evidence handling pose a serious threat to the validity of analyses conducted by forensic examiners. This critical compromise creates an impasse regarding key assumptions of law regarding the admissibility of scientific evidence and testimony. The history of rules of law governing the use of scientific evidence are detailed, followed by a review of experimenter effects, observer effects, and a model that integrates them into a general theory of transferred expectations. Social exchange and identity are explored as factors that contribute to the existence of expectancy effects and their transfer. The general model posits that expectancy effects are communicated from observer to target (experimenter effect), and then are manifested between target and object (observer effect), when the analysis of an object impacts both the target and the original observer. Related subtopics of role theory, and conformity, norms, and deviance, further explain the maintenance of expectancy effects.
Physics-based compact modeling of charge transport in nanoscale electronic devices

Physics-based compact models of transistors play two complementary roles. First, they establish an analytical mathematical description of the device, which helps interpret measurements or detailed simulations and make predictions; second, they form the basis of models used in circuit simulators. Historically, as Si MOSFETs matured, the value of compact models in understanding devices, which was preeminent fifty years ago when such models were first developed, diminished and "compact models" became synonymous with circuit simulation models with the emphasis shifting to the faithful reproduction of fitted data, often at the expense of the solid physics underpinnings of at least some of the model equations and parameters. More recently, as silicon MOSFETs started approaching quasi-ballistic (QB) operation and new channel materials have emerged, interest has shifted back to physics-based models for exploring the limits of nanoscale FET performance [1-2]. In this paper, we argue that the key to the usefulness of such physics-based compact models is strict minimization of the number of model parameters, while still maintaining the capability to embed the model in a circuit simulator. We do this by using the VS compact model [3] for FETs and its adaptation to materials beyond silicon as example. While originally developed for silicon nanotransistors, the MIT Virtual Source (MVS) model has evolved considerably to describe transport in a variety of channel materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, GaN, InGaAs) and device topologies (bulk-Si, ETSOI MOSFETs, III-V and III-N HEMTs.) With only a limited number of parameters, most of which are physical and can be extracted through device characterization, the MVS model is especially attractive for test-driving new devices in a relatively straightforward manner and also for technology benchmarking.
The Application of Pro/E in the Complex Modeling Design of Curved Surface

Using the powerful curved surface modeling function of Pro/E, complex curved surface can be designed conveniently.In addition , thought the use of proper analytical method and adjustment for curved surface, it can make the structure of curved surface more beautiful and smoothly.
Development of Automatic Calibration System for Displacement and Strain Type Sensors

The principle for the automatic calibration system for displacement and strain type sensors is described.A high-precision electric control platform sensor automatic calibration device component is described.The development process of the whole device is introduced from high-precision electronic control platform,closed loop control circuit,sensor clamping structure and automatic calibration software.The experiments indicate that the automatic calibration device of the technical indexes meets the design requirements,and the calibration precision of the automatic calibration system is higher and the efficiency of the calibration instrument is higher.It can replace the manual calibration system of sensor automatic calibration.
The epidemiological analysis of Japanese Encephalitis in Xinyang City in 2007-2011

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese Encephalitis in 2007-2011 in Xinyang city and provide data for prevention and control strategy.Methods Epidemiological characteristics and related factors of Japanese Encephalitis cases in Xinyang form 2007-2011 were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method and Japanese Encephalitis IgM antibodies of the serum were detected by ELISA.Results From 2007 to 2011,a total of 583 cases of Japanese Encephalitis and 13 dead cases occurred in Xinyang.The annual average morbidity and fatality rate are 1.79 / 100.000 and 2.23 %.347 cases were accounted in XiXian,Gushi and Huaibin.It was accounted for 59.57 % of total of the cases.Season distribution is from June to September and high peak period is from July to August,Cases of children age 15 account for 97.08 %.Children of decentralization resident population account for 65.18 % an students account for 27.79 %.Conclusion In Japanese Encephalitis popular season,strengthen the monitoring Japanese Encephalitis cases,improving the rate of Japanese Encephalitis vaccination especially the children age 15.is the most important measures to reduce the incidence of Japanese Encephalitis in Xinyang.
Determination of seventeen food additives in spice and drink by high performance liquid chromatography

Objective:To develop a method for simultaneous determination of seventeen food additives in spice and drink by high performance liquid chromatography.Methods: Sample was extracted with water,and the analysis was performed on a Zorbax Eclipse C18 column using methanol-0.04 mol/L ammonium acetate as the mobile phase with a gradient elution with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and column temperature of 35℃.Results: All the food additives had a good linear relationship(r0.999).The detection limits(LOD) were in range of 0.013 mg/kg～0.101 mg/kg(s/n=3).The average recoveries for spice and drink samples ranged from 90.1%～105% with relative standard deviations(RSD) less than 5.1%.Conclusion: The method is simple,rapid,repeatable and which could be applied for the analysis of food additives in spice and drink.
Implementation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics within a Large Health System: From Electronic Health Record Decision Support to Consultation Services

The number of clinically relevant gene-based guidelines and recommendations pertaining to drug prescribing continues to grow. Incorporating gene-drug interaction information into the drug-prescribing process can help optimize pharmacotherapy outcomes and improve patient safety. However, pharmacogenomic implementation barriers exist such as integration of pharmacogenomic results into electronic health records (EHRs), development and deployment of pharmacogenomic decision support tools to EHRs, and feasible models for establishing ambulatory pharmacogenomic clinics. We describe the development of pharmacist-managed pharmacogenomic services within a large health system. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for HLA-B*57:01-abacavir, HLA-B*15:02-carbamazepine, and TPMT-thiopurines (i.e., azathioprine, mercaptopurine, and thioguanine) were systematically integrated into patient care. Sixty-three custom rules and alerts (20 for TPMT-thiopurines, 8 for HLA-B*57:01-abacavir, and 35 for HLA-B*15:02-anticonvulsants) were developed and deployed to the EHR for the purpose of providing point-of-care pharmacogenomic decision support. In addition, a pharmacist and physician-geneticist collaboration established a pharmacogenomics ambulatory clinic. This clinic provides genetic testing when warranted, result interpretation along with pharmacotherapy recommendations, and patient education. Our processes for developing these pharmacogenomic services and solutions for addressing implementation barriers are presented.
Variation in the lexical distribution and implementation of phonetically similar phonemes in Catalan

Abstract In some Romance languages with two pairs of mid vowel phonemes, it is acknowledged that these contrasts are somewhat unstable. We analyze the distribution and realization of the anterior and posterior mid vowels in Catalan to test claims (mostly based on anecdotal evidence) that these contrasts exhibit inter- and intraspeaker variability. Participants produced target words containing stressed mid vowels and, later, judged vowel height (/e/ vs. /ɛ/; /o/ vs. /ɔ/) in the same words. The results indicate that, even intradialectally, the distribution of mid vowels is somewhat variable, with speakers showing only moderate agreement in the distribution of phonemic vowels. In addition, speakers are not always consistent in their realization of mid vowels when they produce the same word (probably indicating weak phonolexical representations). Interspeaker variation was also observed in the phonetic implementation of the contrasts. The results indicate that the Catalan mid vowel contrasts, like those in other Romance languages, are weaker and less stable than other phonological oppositions.
Isolated sciatic neuropathy as an initial manifestation of a high grade B-cell lymphoma: A case report and literature review

Sciatic nerve neuropathy due to infiltrating of a high grade B-cell lymphoma is a very rare situation and has not often been reported. We report a case with a previous history of indolent lymphoma who presented with isolated sciatic nerve neuropathy and was found to have diffuse large B cell lymphoma involving the sciatic nerve. Although the current case is not a primary sciatic nerve lymphoma given the systematic involvement shown on MRI and PET/CT scan, the case represents a neurolymphomatosis of the sciatic nerve given the direct invasion of the lymphoma cells into the sciatic nerve. Due to the rarity of this condition, we subsequently reviewed related literatures.
A Survey of Archaeological Sites Near Guaymas, Sonora

ABSTRACTAn archaeological survey of the Guaymas, Sonora vicinity revealed 27 aboriginal habitation sites representing at least three occupation patterns. The sites yielded surface remains of masonry structures, pottery, ground stone, and chipped stone. A Gypsum Cave point and a possible Borax Lake point were collected. This is substantially farther south than either point type has previously been reported. The sites and artifacts indicate a long continuous occupation of the area by peoples not in the mainstream of Meso-American and Southwestern influence.
Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Outcomes in Patients with Concurrent Brain Metastases.

Objectives: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an emerging technique for maximizing tumor and pain control in selected patients with spinal metastases. Outcomes for those with concurrent brain metastases (CBM) have not been well-described previously. The goal of this study was to compare outcomes for patients with or without CBM treated with spine SBRT. Methods: Records of all patients treated with SBRT for spine metastases at our institution from January 2008 to January 2014 were reviewed. Chi-square analyses and the Mann-Whitney test were used to assess the association of CBM (defined as brain metastasis present prior to or at the time of spinal SBRT) with potential covariates. The log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the impact of CBM on overall survival and local control from the time of the first course of spine SBRT. Results: Seventy-eight patients and a total of 86 SBRT lesions were treated. Median patient age was 60 years (range: 38-84 years); 28.2% had radioresistant histologies. A single fraction was used in 91.0% of treatments. One-year local control was 89.4%, and one-year overall survival was 45.8%. A total of 19 patients (24.4%) had CBM. Among these CBM patients, 18 (94.7%) underwent intracranial radiosurgery and nine (47.4%) were diagnosed synchronously with their spine metastases. Local control was not significantly different between patients with or without CBM on univariable (median: 58 months vs. not reached, p = 0.53) or multivariable analyses (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.06-4.33). Overall survival was also not significantly different between patients with or without CBM on univariable (median: 7 vs. 11 months, log-rank p = 0.12) or multivariable analyses (HR 1.62, 95% CI 0.87-3.03). Conclusions: Patients with CBM do not appear to have a statistically significant detriment in clinical outcomes, suggesting that CBM should not necessarily be considered a contraindication for spine SBRT. Although our study is limited by significant heterogeneity in tumor type within our series, future work should focus on the development of reliable survival prognosticators for patients undergoing spinal radiosurgery. Nearly half of the patients with CBM were diagnosed synchronously with their spine metastases, emphasizing the usefulness of obtaining a brain MRI for complete staging prior to spine SBRT.
Administering Successful Conferences in Health Education

Administering conferences remains a common health education strategy especially for those functioning in leadership and administrative positions. To date, very little has been written about these events which have the potential to impact large intended audiences when successfully implemented. This paper addresses several important administrative practices that can help ensure a successful conference. These practices include but are not limited to using a health education planning model, organizing and holding committee planning meetings, preparing a budget, visiting potential conference sites, negotiating contracts for hotel and meeting facilities, corresponding with conference participants, and preparing conference materials.
Integrative Analysis of Sex-Specific microRNA Networks Following Stress in Mouse Nucleus Accumbens

Adult women are twice as likely as men to suffer from affective and anxiety disorders, although the mechanisms underlying heightened female stress susceptibility are incompletely understood. Recent findings in mouse Nucleus Accumbens (NAc) suggest a role for DNA methylation-driven sex differences in genome-wide transcriptional profiles. However, the role of another epigenetic process—microRNA (miR) regulation—has yet to be explored. We exposed male and female mice to Subchronic Variable Stress (SCVS), a stress paradigm that produces depression-like behavior in female, but not male, mice, and performed next generation mRNA and miR sequencing on NAc tissue. We applied a combination of differential expression, miR-mRNA network and functional enrichment analyses to characterize the transcriptional and post-transcriptional landscape of sex differences in NAc stress response. We find that male and female mice exhibit largely non-overlapping miR and mRNA profiles following SCVS. The two sexes also show enrichment of different molecular pathways and functions. Collectively, our results suggest that males and females mount fundamentally different transcriptional and post-transcriptional responses to SCVS and engage sex-specific molecular processes following stress. These findings have implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of stress-related disorders in women.
Freedom Above Things: Nietzsche and the Artistic Critique of Capitalism:

This article has two analytical objectives: to read Nietzsche’s thought as an instance of the ‘artistic critique of capitalism,’ as theorized by Boltanski and Chiapello; and to connect that reading...
The Role of Civic Literacy and Social Empathy on Rates of Civic Engagement among University Students.

Civic engagement is pivotal to the health of communities. Through engagement in civic activities, people from diverse backgrounds come together to address community problems. Recent studies report declining rates of civic engagement among Americans. In particular, young Americans engage less frequently in activities central to democracy, such as voting and influencing legislation. This article examines the relationships between civic engagement, civic literacy, and social empathy among students enrolled at a public university in the western United States. Findings from this study indicate that increased civic literacy and social empathy correlate to higher rates of civic engagement among university students.
The early effects of tendon transfers and open capsulorrhaphy on glenohumeral deformity in brachial plexus birth palsy. Surgical technique.

BACKGROUND Persistent muscle imbalance and soft-tissue contractures can lead to progressive glenohumeral joint dysplasia in patients with brachial plexus birth palsy. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the effects of tendon transfers and open glenohumeral reduction on shoulder function and dysplasia in patients with preexisting joint deformity secondary to brachial plexus birth palsy. METHODS Twenty-three patients with preexisting glenohumeral deformity underwent latissimus dorsi and teres major tendon transfers to the rotator cuff with concomitant musculotendinous lengthening of the pectoralis major and/or subscapularis and open glenohumeral joint reduction for the treatment of internal rotation contracture and external rotation weakness. Shoulder function was assessed with use of the modified Mallet classification system and the Active Movement Scale. Glenoid version and humeral head subluxation were quantified radiographically, and glenohumeral deformity was appropriately graded. The mean duration of clinical and radiographic follow-up was thirty-one and twenty-five months, respectively. RESULTS Clinically, all patients demonstrated improved global shoulder function, with the mean aggregate Mallet score improving from 10 points preoperatively to 18 points postoperatively (p < 0.01). The mean modified Mallet score for external rotation improved from 2 to 4 (p < 0.01). Similarly, the mean Active Movement Scale score for external rotation improved from 3 to 6 (p < 0.01). The mean Mallet hand-to-spine score improved from 1 to 2 (p < 0.01). The mean Active Movement Scale score for internal rotation remained constant at 6. Radiographically, the mean glenoid version improved from -39 degrees preoperatively to -18 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.01). The mean percentage of the humeral head anterior to the middle of the glenoid similarly improved from 13% to 38% (p < 0.01). The mean glenohumeral deformity score improved from 3 to 2 (p < 0.01). Nineteen (83%) of the twenty-three patients demonstrated glenohumeral remodeling; one patient had progressive worsening of glenohumeral deformity. CONCLUSIONS Tendon transfers to the rotator cuff, combined with musculotendinous lengthenings and open reduction of the glenohumeral joint, improve global shoulder function and lead to glenohumeral joint remodeling in the majority of selected patients with mild-to-moderate preexisting glenohumeral dysplasia secondary to brachial plexus birth palsy. Future study of the long-term outcomes of these procedures will help to clarify the ultimate effect on glenohumeral joint function.
Compellence in Counterinsurgency Warfare: The Uses of Force in Dhofar, Oman, and El Salvador

This paper analyzes the uses of force in two successful counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns to delineate under what conditions the use of military force serves the state’s strategic ends, and under what conditions it hinders them. The conventional wisdom prescribes the strictly limited use of force in COIN. Historically, however, successful states have used considerable force, including massive force and including the targeting of civilians. I argue that successful counterinsurgency requires using force selectively: to punish and deter, for denial, and to show resolve. Further, I sketch the conditions under which each type of force is likely to achieve state political ends, and under what conditions it is not. The cases are the British-led campaign in Dhofar, Oman, 1965-1976, and the U.S.-backed campaign in El Salvador, 1979-1992.
Spectral Properties of Fluorogenic Thiophene‐derived Triarylmethane Dyes

Spectral properties and fluorogenic behaviors of five novel thiophene variants of malachite green (MG), termed MGTs, were determined. Appreciable changes as a function of homologation and substitution pattern, including absorption band positions and intensities and fluorescence quantum yields were observed. In particular, the shorter wavelength y-band absorption was found to shift over a nearly 200 nm range based on aryl group variation, allowing fine-tuning of the excitation wavelength for these dyes. In addition, the fluorescence intensity of some MGTs increased significantly (up to 4600-fold) when the dye was bound to a cognate protein partner, which is potentially useful for cell imaging studies.
Understanding the Nature and Implications of Romantic Relationships Among Criminally Involved Individuals with Mental Illness

This study explores the role romantic relationships play for individuals who live with significant mental illness and are involved in the criminal justice system. Life-course researchers have long ...
Argumentative Competence in Friend and Stranger Dyadic Exchanges

This manuscript investigates the role of argumentative competence in interpersonal dyadic exchanges. Specifically, this study examined the two sub-dimensions of competence, argumentative effectiveness and appropriateness, and their connections with argumentative traits, situational features, and argument satisfaction. In addition, self-perceived versus observed argumentative competence were compared. Participants in the study (N = 282, 141 dyads) completed measures before and after a face-to-face argumentative discussion with another person about one of two possible topics (student athlete pay and texting while driving). Results revealed that argumentation traits had little effect on argumentative competence, but competence was predicted by one’s knowledge about the topic. Argument satisfaction depended only on arguers’ own competence, not their partners’. Finally, a perceptual bias existed regarding argument effectiveness (but not appropriateness) in that participants rated themselves higher than did observers.
Characterization of Mycoplasmatales virus DNA

Abstract The DNA of the group L1 Mycoplasmatales virus, MVL51, was analyzed using alkaline sucrose velocity sedimentation, neutral and alkaline CsCl isopycnic sedimentation, and treatment of the DNA with nucleases. These treatments show that the viral chromosome is a covalently linked single-stranded DNA circle of molecular weight 2×106 daltons.
Leading a Design-Based Research Team Using Agile Methodologies to Build Learner-Centered Software

Using an autobiographical approach, the author reports on over 30 years of designing software to promote learner-centered instruction. She describes what she learned about organizing her teams, first to emulate a scientific lab and, later, to leverage agile software development approaches. She recommends an agile approach as a means to plan and coordinate complex design activities and to emphasize active involvement by all members in the research process. The approach can improve team creativity and productivity.
An assessment of the potential impacts of climate change on freshwater habitats and biota of Indiana, USA

Recent climate-driven, physico-chemical changes documented in aquatic systems throughout the world are expected to intensify in the future. Specifically, changes in key environmental attributes of aquatic systems, such as water quantity, clarity, temperatures, ice cover, seasonal flow regimes, external loading, and oxygen content, will undoubtedly have a broad set of direct and indirect ecological consequences. Some anticipated impacts may be similar across different aquatic ecosystems, while others may be system-specific. Here, we review the potential effects of climatic changes for different freshwater habitats within the state of Indiana, USA, a Midwestern state with diverse land and water features. Given this heterogeneity and that the state is among the southernmost states of the US Midwest, evaluation of freshwater habitats of Indiana provides a useful perspective on potential impacts of climate change. In our study, we first review expected or anticipated changes to physico-chemical and habitat conditions in wetlands, lotic systems, small glacial lakes and Lake Michigan. We then highlight anticipated responses of select aquatic biota to these changes. We describe how climatic changes may interact with other anthropogenic stressors affecting freshwater habitats and consider the potential for evolutionary adaptation of freshwater aquatic organisms to mediate any responses. Given anticipated changes, we suggest aquatic ecosystem managers take a precautionary approach broadly applicable in temperate regions to (a) conserve a diversity of aquatic habitats, (b) enhance species diversity and both inter- and intra-population genetic variation, and (c) limit stressors which may exacerbate the risk of decline for aquatic biota.
Improving Healthcare Responses to Obstetric Hemorrhage: Strategies to Mitigate Risk

Obstetric hemorrhage, with its related complications, remains a significant and often preventable cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The medical community has made strides in beginning to address the impact of obstetric hemorrhage as a cause of maternal morbidity and mortality with standardized bundles outlining key elements for hospitals to address in order to optimize hemorrhage prevention and management. Changes in definitions, an expansion of the spectrum of causes, variation in interventions and guidelines and lack of innovation are some of the issues that pose ongoing challenges for meaningful risk reduction. Opportunities to support risk reduction include helping to secure necessary resources, building team training and simulation programs, developing interventions targeted at minimizing cognitive biases, and facilitating patient and family support program development.
Randomized pilot trial for the efficacy of the MMF07 foot massager and heat therapy for restless legs syndrome.

Background Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor condition with a wide range of severity. Symptoms negatively affect sleep and quality of life. Pharmacologic options are not universally effective and side effects are common. Objective data regarding non-pharmacologic treatment is limited. The study objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the MMF07 foot massager and heat therapy on the severity of RLS symptoms. Methods In this pilot randomized controlled trial, twenty-eight patients with diagnosed, bothersome RLS were randomized to four treatment arms: no active intervention (n = 7), foot massager (n = 8), heat therapy (n = 6), and foot massager plus heat therapy (n = 7). Participants completed the RLS Severity Scale, RLS Quality of Life questionnaire, and the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep scale at the baseline visit and at the 4-week follow up visit. Results Four weeks post randomization, participants in the massager group had significant improvement in the RLS severity score (average difference: -9.0, 95% CI: -16.3, -1.7, p = 0.017) and sleep scale (average difference: -22.0, 95% CI: -36.5, -7.5, p = 0.005) compared to the no intervention group. The heat alone group had a significant improvement in the sleep scale compared to the no-intervention group (average difference: -17.4, 95% CI: -32.5, -2.3, p = 0.026). Quality of life improved in the massage only group compared to control (average difference 25.3, 95% CI: -2.4, 53.0, p = 0.072). Conclusions Results suggest that the MMF07 foot massage device and heat therapy may be feasible and effective treatment options to improve RSL symptoms.
Diuretic and renal effects of spironolactone and heart failure hospitalizations: a TOPCAT Americas analysis.

AIMS It is unclear whether spironolactone reduced heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial through potential diuretic or other effects. We examined the effects of spironolactone on weight, diuretic use, and renal function, and their subsequent impact on outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed data from TOPCAT Americas (1767 patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction; 886 in spironolactone, 881 in placebo arm). We used mixed-effects models for serial data and shared frailty models to identify determinants of recurrent HF hospitalizations among baseline and serial parameters. There were 800 HF hospitalizations after a median of 3.0 years. Despite more weight loss with spironolactone initially, weight trajectories overlapped after 12 months. Daily furosemide dose (time-averaged Δ: -4.8% vs. +11.6%, P < 0.001) and thiazide use (-4.3% vs. +1.7%; P = 0.003) decreased with spironolactone; however, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use decreased also (-13.1% vs. -7.3%; P = 0.004). Serum creatinine increased more with spironolactone (+12.5% vs. +3.5%; P < 0.001). In time-updated models, loop diuretic dose [hazard ratio (HR) per doubling 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.32; P < 0.001], creatinine (HR per doubling 1.28; 95% CI 1.04-1.40; P = 0.019), and ACEI/ARB use (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.67-1.00; P = 0.048) were associated with HF hospitalizations. However, the effect of spironolactone on HF hospitalizations persisted (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.62-0.96; P = 0.021) in these models. Results were similar for cardiovascular mortality and time to first HF hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS In TOPCAT Americas, the benefit of spironolactone on outcomes could not be solely attributed to potential diuretic effects, suggesting the presence of non-diuretic mechanisms.
Report of the 2019-2020 AACP Student Affairs Standing Committee.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The 2019-2020 Student Affairs Standing Committee addressed charges related to professional identity formation (PIF) in order to set direction and propose action steps consistent with Priority #3.4 of the AACP Strategic Plan, which states “Academic-practice partnerships and pharmacist-involved practice models that lead to the progress of Interprofessional Practice (IPP) are evident and promoted at all colleges and schools of pharmacy.” To this end, the committee was charged to 1) outline key elements of PIF, 2) explore the relationship between formal curricular learning activities and co- or extra-curricular activities in supporting PIF, 3) determine the degree to which there is evidence that strong PIF is embedded in student pharmacists’ educational experience, and 4) define strategies and draft an action plan for AACP’s role in advancing efforts of schools to establish strong PIF in pharmacy graduates. This report describes work of the committee in exploring PIF and provides resources and background information relative to the charges. The committee offers several suggestions and recommendations for both immediate and long-term action by AACP and members to achieve goals related to integrating PIF into pharmacy education. The committee proposes a policy statement relative to the committee charges. Furthermore, the report calls upon the profession to develop a unified identity and incorporate support for PIF into pharmacy education, training, and practice.
Parallel Chemoselective Profiling for Mapping Protein Structure

Solution-based structural techniques complement high-resolution structural data by providing insight into the oft-missed links between protein structure and dynamics. Here, we present Parallel Chemoselective Profiling, a solution-based structural method for characterizing protein structure and dynamics. Our method utilizes deep mutational scanning saturation mutagenesis data to install amino acid residues with specific chemistries at defined positions on the solvent-exposed surface of a protein. Differences in the extent of labeling of installed mutant residues are quantified using targeted mass spectrometry, reporting on each residue's local environment and structural dynamics. Using our method, we studied how conformation-selective, ATP-competitive inhibitors affect the local and global structure and dynamics of full-length Src kinase. Our results highlight how parallel chemoselective profiling can be used to study a dynamic multi-domain protein, and suggest that our method will be a useful addition to the relatively small toolkit of existing protein footprinting techniques.
REACH+: Extending the Reachability of Encountered-type Haptics Devices through Dynamic Redirection in VR

Encountered-type haptic devices (EHDs) face a number of challenges when physically embodying content in a virtual environment, including workspace limits and device latency. To address these issues, we propose REACH+, a framework for dynamic visuo-haptic redirection to improve the perceived performance of EHDs during physical interaction in VR. Using this approach, we estimate the user's arrival time to their intended target and redirect their hand to a point within the EHD's spatio-temporally reachable space. We present an evaluation of this framework implemented with a desktop mobile robot in a 2D target selection task, tested at four robot speeds (20, 25, 30 and 35 cm/s). Results suggest that REACH+ can improve the performance of lower-speed EHDs, increasing their rate of on-time arrival to the point of contact by up to 25% and improving users? self-reported sense of realism.
Soft-Switching Solid-State Transformer With Reduced Conduction Loss

Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are a promising solution photovoltaic (PV), wind, traction, data center, battery energy storage system (BESS), and fast charging electric vehicle (EV) applications. The traditional SSTs are typically three-stage, i.e., hard-switching cascaded multilevel rectifiers and inverters with dual active bridge (DAB) converters, which leads to bulky passives, low efficiency, and high electromagnetic interference (EMI). This article proposes a new soft-switching solid-state transformer (S4T). The S4T has full-range zero-voltage switching (ZVS), electrolytic capacitor-less dc link, and controlled dv/dt , which reduces EMI. The S4T comprises two reverse-blocking current-source inverter (CSI) bridges, auxiliary branches for ZVS, and transformer magnetizing inductor as a reduced dc link with 60% ripple. Compared with the prior S4T, an effective change on the leakage inductance diode is made to reduce the number of the devices on the main power path by 20% for significant conduction loss saving and retain the same functionality of damping the resonance between the leakage and resonant capacitors and recycling trapped leakage energy. The conduction loss saving is crucial, being the dominating loss mechanism in SSTs. Importantly, the proposed single-stage SST not only holds the potential for high power density and high efficiency but also has full functionality, e.g., multiport dc loads integration, voltage regulation, and reactive power compensation, unlike the traditional single-stage matrix SST. The S4T can achieve single-stage isolated bidirectional dc–dc, ac–dc, dc–ac, or ac–ac conversion. It can also be configured input-series output-parallel (ISOP) in a modular way for medium-voltage (MV) grids. Hence, the S4T is a promising candidate for the SST. The full functionality, e.g., voltage buck–boost, multiport, etc., and the universality of the S4T for the dc–dc, dc–ac, and ac–ac conversion are verified through the simulations and experiments of two-port and three-port MV prototypes based on 3.3 kV SiC mosfet s in dc–dc, dc–ac, and ac–ac modes at 2 kV.
Research updates of vaccines against avian influenza virus

Vaccination is still one of the most effective ways to control and prevent influenza virus infections. To date, there are four types of commonly-used vaccination strategies: emergency vaccination, preventive vaccination,systematic vaccination, and alternative vaccination. The major types of avian influenza vaccines include inactivated vaccines, subunit vaccines, recombinant virus vector vaccines, DNA vaccines, virus-like particle vaccines and universal vaccines. The factors that influence the efficacy of vaccines include selection of immunogens, combinational use of adjuvants, viral antigenic variations, response speed from decision-makers, coverage of vaccination, quality and stability of vaccines, genetic make-up and immune status, as well as prime-boost strategies. Traditional avian influenza vaccines cannot provide cross-protection against different subtypes of avian influenza viruses and the mutant strains of avian influenza viruses. The oil-formulated vaccines induce more side effects, and cause relatively severe damage to animals. More research should be focused on development of novel adjuvants with improved safety and immunity as well as other safe, effective and novel vaccines to compensate for the weakness of currently used avian influenza vaccines.
Non-fatal gun violence and community health behaviors: A neighborhood analysis in Philadelphia

Research shows that community violence is associated with an array of negative health outcomes, yet no study has examined the specific association between different types of gun violence and collective health behaviors in local neighborhoods. Using data from neighborhoods in the city of Philadelphia, this study examines the association between total, fatal, and non-fatal gun violence and measures of physical inactivity, obesity, sleep, and smoking. We find the rate of non-fatal shootings is associated with a composite measure of health behaviors, net of all neighborhood-level covariates and general community violence. Ancillary analyses show that non-fatal shootings are particularly associated with physical inactivity and obesity. Notably, fatal shootings are not associated with any behavioral health measure after accounting for nonlethal shootings. The results support improved data collection efforts to measure non-fatal shootings across the U.S. and greater attention to the collective health consequences of gun violence in local communities.
Association of guideline-concordant initial systemic treatment with clinical and economic outcomes among older women with metastatic breast cancer in the United States.

Abstract Purpose We examined guideline-concordant initial systemic treatment among women with metastatic breast cancer, its predictors, and if guideline-concordant treatment was associated with mortality, healthcare utilization and Medicare expenditures. Methods This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results-Medicare linked database. Women aged 66–90 years diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer during 2010–2013 (N = 1282) were included. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network treatment guidelines were used to determine the guideline-concordant initial systemic treatment following cancer diagnosis. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine significant predictors of guideline-concordant treatment. Generalized linear regressions were used to examine the association between guideline-concordant treatment and healthcare utilization and average monthly Medicare expenditures. Results About 74% of the study cohort received guideline-concordant initial systemic treatment. Women who received guideline-concordant treatment were significantly more likely to be comparatively younger (p Conclusion One fourth of the study cohort did not receive guideline-concordant initial systemic treatment. Guideline-concordant initial treatment was associated with reduced mortality, and lower healthcare utilization and Medicare expenditures in women with metastatic breast cancer.
Social integration in recovery living environments: A dynamic network approach.

Oxford Houses (OHs) are a large network of self-run community-based settings for individuals with substance use disorders. This present study explored a model based on conceptualizing recovery home social systems as dynamic multirelational (multiplex) social networks. The model is developed from data obtained from 42 OH recovery homes in three parts of the US, addressing whole networks of friendship, close friendship, and willingness to loan money. Findings indicated that close friend and loan relationships mutually reinforced each other over time as they coevolved. These types of insights can help community psychologists to better understand complex network dynamics in community-based settings.
Consumer perception of ice cream and frozen desserts in the "better-for-you" category.

ABSTRACT The consumption of ice cream and frozen desserts in the “better-for-you” (BFY) category has grown rapidly over the past few years, even as traditional ice cream sales remain stagnant. To better understand consumer preferences within the BFY category, an online survey (n = 1,051) was conducted with ice cream and frozen dessert consumers, followed by consumer acceptance testing of commercial BFY frozen dairy desserts. Consumers of BFY frozen desserts (n = 578) completed an adaptive choice-based conjoint survey and MaxDiff exercise to identify the attributes that drive purchase of BFY frozen desserts. MaxDiff exercises were also used to determine which attributes all frozen dessert consumers (n = 1,051) perceived to make a frozen dessert BFY and which stabilizers or emulsifiers were most attractive on an ice cream or frozen dessert label. Subsequently, a consumer acceptance test (n = 186) was conducted using 4 commercial vanilla-flavored frozen dairy desserts made with different sweetening systems (sugar, sucralose + acesulfame K, monk fruit + allulose, and stevia + erythritol). Half of consumers were primed or informed with the sweeteners and basic nutritional information for the frozen desserts before tasting, and the other half of consumers evaluated samples blinded, where they were only informed that they were tasting a vanilla-flavored frozen dessert. Sweetener type and base (dairy vs. plant) were the most important attributes to BFY consumers when selecting a BFY frozen dessert (n = 578). For all ice cream and BFY dessert consumers (n = 1,051), sweetener-related claims (naturally sweetened, reduced sugar, no added sugar), along with “all natural” and a short ingredient list, were the top attributes that contributed to perception of a “healthier” frozen dessert. When BFY frozen desserts were tasted by consumers, purchase intent decreased after tasting, suggesting that frozen desserts made with natural non-nutritive sweeteners did not meet consumer expectations. Flavor of BFY frozen desserts remains more important than perceived healthiness. Consumers perceive frozen desserts, even those in the BFY category, as an indulgence. Frozen dessert manufacturers should focus on naturally sweetened, dairy-based desserts with minimal sweetener-related flavor defects when designing products for the BFY category.
1,2‐Cyclodecanediol

1,2-Cyclodecanediol product: cis-1,2-cyclodecanediol product: trans-1,2-cyclodecanediol Keywords: reduction, CO CHOH; catalysts, metal, copper chromite; filter aids; hydrogenation apparatus
Comparison of Quantum and Bayesian Inference Models

The mathematical principles of quantum theory provide a general foundation for assigning probabilities to events. This paper examines the application of these principles to the probabilistic inference problem in which hypotheses are evaluated on the basis of a sequence of evidence (observations). The probabilistic inference problem is usually addressed using Bayesian updating rules. Here we derive a quantum inference rule and compare it to the Bayesian rule. The primary difference between these two inference principles arises when evidence is provided by incompatible measures. Incompatibility refers to the case where one measure interferes or disturbs another measure, and so the order of measurement affects the probability of the observations. It is argued that incompatibility often occurs when evidence is obtained from human judgments.
Acridine orange-sensitized photoinactivation of T4 bacteriophage. II. Genetic studies with photoinactivated phage.

Abstract The extent of multiplicity reactivation is very much smaller in T4o1 phage inactivated by visible light (λ > 410 mμ) in the presence of the dye acridine orange than in UV-inactivated phage. The rII+ and am+ markers of such dye-light treated phage can be cross reactivated with an efficiency which is appreciable, though less than for UV. The rII+ A and B cistrons are also more sensitive to inactivation by dye-light than to UV. The adsorption to sensitive host cells of a 32P-labeIed phage population is not affected by more than 100 phage lethal hits of dye-light. The bacterial host-killing ability is inactivated at about the same initial rate by dye-light as by UV. It is concluded that there are at least two components to the acridine orangevisible light damage in phage T4o1 one is localized “genetic” damage and another may be equivalent to injection damage.
The Longwood Medical Area Network

The Longwood Medical Area Network (LMAnet) is a high speed fiber optic network that connects several patient care, research and educational organizations in Boston's Longwood medical area. The author describes the architecture of the network, current and potential future uses of the network, network costs and administration and management issues associated with the use of LMAnet. LMAnet is connected to the Harvard University campus network. This network provides a gateway NERNet, a subnet of Internet. >
Timing of Optical Pulses from the Crab Nebula Pulsar

Timing the arrival of optical pulses from NP 0532 is a potentially important tool for studying the physics of this fascinating object. However, there are some difficulties in interpreting the data in terms of physical models. Some progress has been made on understanding the largest effect — the pulsar braking mechanism. The glitch of late September, 1969 can be interpreted as the speed-up, and subsequent relaxation, of the rotation of a neutron star crust. An alternate explanation is that of a planet in an eccentric orbit. Both models fit the rather meager data near the event. A small sinusoidal effect is indicated in a relatively quiet period of the data.
- Ros: c-Ros protein-tyrosine kinase (vertebrates)

Ros is a receptor-type PTK whose ligand remains unknown. Ros has been speculated to be involved in early development of kidney collecting tubules and intestinal villi in mouse and chicken, and perhaps their mature function as well in chicken. Ros shares closest homology in sequence and structural hierarchy with Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster )Sev. After Sev, the PTK domain of Ros is most similar to those of insulin receptor InsR and insulin-like growth factor I receptor IGFR. Ros contains a very large extracellular domain with 37 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and eight fibronectin type III repeats, which are spatially conserved in D. melanogaster Sev. Overall, the Ros EC domain is 20% identical in sequence with that of Sev. A Cys-rich sequence close to the N-terminus is present in chicken, human, and rat Ros. The kinase domain of chicken Ros is 58% identical with that of Sev. The PTK domain contains a unique 5-6 residue insertion, and a characteristic cluster of three tyrosine residues, which are the major autophosphorylation sites and are shared among Ros, InsR, IGFR, and Sev. The enzyme is assayed by autophosphorylation, or by phosphorylation of exogenous substrates, such as denatured enolase, casein, or bacterial lysozyme.