cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Power System Simulation in Peer-to-Peer Computing Environment

In order to solve the computational bottleneck of centralized and large-scale computing systems, improve the response speed and reliability of electric power simulation, and make full use of idle computing resources, a peer-to-peer(P2P) based computing platform for power system simulation was built. The feasibility of the integration of power system simulation with P2 P technology was analyzed. By using the hybrid P2 P structure, an overall architecture of simulation platform was designed. According to the specific requirements of electric power simulation platform, a P2 P communication protocol was stipulated and its syntax and semantics were analyzed in detail. Moreover, a distributed storage system based on P2 P structure was studied, which can be applied to the simulation platform with PSD-BPA program.Experimental results show that the platform has a greater superiority in solving large-scale computing problems, and has a broad range of application prospects.
Drug-Induced Erythema Multiforme: A Possible Immunologic Pathogenesis:

A 37-year-old female developed erythema multiforme 17 days after beginning carbamazepine for complex partial seizures. The carbamazepine was discontinued and phenytoin begun. A new rash developed and phenytoin therapy was stopped. In vitro immunologic studies were conducted in an effort to understand the pathogenesis of the rashes. Enhancement of stimulated in vitro lymphocyte proliferation from the patient occurred in the presence of carbamazepine and phenytoin. Neither drug had an enhancing effect on lymphocyte proliferation from a control subject. These data, together with clinical data, strongly suggest an immunologic pathogenesis for drug-induced erythema multiforme.
Algorithms for k -median Clustering over Distributed Streams

We consider the k-median clustering problem over distributed streams. In the distributed streaming setting there are multiple computational nodes where each node receives a data stream and the goal is to maintain an approximation of a function of interest at all time over the union of the local data at all the nodes. The approximation is maintained at a coordinator node which has bidirectional communication channels to all the nodes. This model is also known as the distributed functional monitoring model. A natural variant of this model is the distributed sliding window model where we are interested only in maintaining approximation over a recent period of time.
Circular Dichroism and Fluorescence Spectroscopy Studies of Wheat Germ Protein Synthesis mRNA Cap Binding Protein

In eucaryotic protein synthesis an important regulatory step is the recognition of the 5’ terminal end of mRNA. This region contains a unique “cap” structure which is a guanosine residue methylated in the 7 position linked through a 5’-5’ triphosphate linkage to the first residue of the mRNA. This cap structure occurs in all normal eucaryotic mRNA. Recognition of the cap occurs mainly through binding of the cap binding protein, eIF-4F. In wheat germ an isoform of this protein eIF-(iso)4F exists in addition to eIF-4F. eIF-4F consists of a small subunit between 26–28 kDa which specifically recognizes the cap structure and a larger subunit. Detailed structural information from crystallography is not available and so we have used a variety of spectroscopic techniques to obtain structural information and correlate this information with functional properties of the protein. We have investigated the conformation of this protein using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. This protein shows an unusual conformational change with either pH or binding of cap residues. Analysis of the CD data using the SELCON program yielded estimates of the secondary structure content. At either acidic or basic pH the protein has a high alpha helix content in the absence of cap residue (~40%).
Effect of aerosolized antipseudomonals on Pseudomonas positivity and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation.

Purpose To describe the effects of aerosolized antipseudomonals (AAPs) on Pseudomonas (PS) culture positivity, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), and acute cellular rejection (ACR) in lung transplant recipients (LTRs). Methods Single-center, retrospective cohort study was performed of adult LTRs treated with either AAP for ≥28 days vs no AAP therapy or AAP therapy <28 days, indexed to a matched median date post lung transplantation (LT). Primary outcome was freedom from PS positivity by positive bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial wash at 1 year. Secondary outcomes were freedom from BOS or BOS progression and ACR burden (defined by the novel composite rejection standardized score. Normality was assessed, and univariate and multivariate parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to assess baseline characteristics and outcomes, where appropriate. Freedom from events was compared using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank conversion and risk was assigned using multivariable Cox proportional hazards (PH) modeling. Results In total, 293 LTRs (105 with AAP, 188 with no AAP) were included. Median ages in AAP and control cohorts were 51 (30-63) and 62 (54-67) years (P<.01). Median AAP duration was 198 (interquartile range 94-395) days. Time to median positive PS culture was similar between AAP (median 1.02 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.74-1.22] years) and control (median 0.96 [95% CI 0.72-1.21] years). Log-rank test for time-to-PS positivity was similar for both groups (log-rank P=.26). Incidence of PS culture positivity at 1 year was similar in APP vs controls (59.0% vs 54.8%, P=.48). In the non-cystic fibrosis (CF) subgroup, AAP use was protective against PS recurrence on univariate Cox PH model (hazard ratio [HR] 0.55, 95% CI 0.38-0.83) and on multivariate Cox PH adjusting for age and induction (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38-0.83). Incidence of new-onset BOS or BOS progression in APP vs control at 1 (17.1% vs 14.9%, P=.61) and 3 (38.1% vs 37.8%, P=.96) years was similar. CRSS was similar in APP vs control group at 1 year (0.42 vs 0.33, P=.41). Conclusion AAP use was not associated with less PS positivity, BOS, or ACR in all LTRs. In the non-CF subgroup analysis, treatment with AAPS was associated with protection against recurrent PS. Limitations include retrospective design, heterogeneous AAP therapy among LTRs, and potential convenience sampling of LTRs receiving AAPs for >28 days at our center. Larger assessments and better controlled analyses are required to further define efficacy of AAPs after LT.
LONG TERM OUTCOMES AFTER THE FONTAN PROCEDURE IN PATIENTS WITH SINGLE VENTRICLE: A META-ANALYSIS

Background: Though there are numerous single center reports of Fontan outcomes, there is lack of comprehensive survival data. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the long-term outcomes following Fontan operation and to assess risk factors for mortality. Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web
Parsing Related Tags Networks from Flickr® to Explore Crowd-Sourced Keyword Associations

With the broad popularization of content-sharing social media platforms, researchers have developed methods to extract information from social related metadata. One approach is to extract related tags networks from freeform “folk” tags (keywords) used to describe imagery from Flickr®. These tag networks, graphed at 1, 1.5, and 2 degrees, show co-occurrence of related tags (above a certain threshold) to a target seeding tag. This work describes how these networks may be acquired and different ways that the extracted data may be used analytically in a digital humanities context.
Multicenter phase 2 study of combination therapy with ruxolitinib and danazol in patients with myelofibrosis.

Myelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that is characterized by splenomegaly, profound symptom burden, and cytopenias. JAK inhibitor therapy offers improvements in splenomegaly, symptom burden, and potentially survival; however, cytopenias remain a significant challenge. Danazol has previously demonstrated improvements in myelofibrosis-associated anemia. We conducted a phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy with ruxolitinib, an oral JAK inhibitor, and danazol. Fourteen intermediate or high-risk MF patients were enrolled at 2 institutions. Responses per IWG-MRT criteria were stable disease in 9 patients (64.2%) clinical improvement in 3 (21.4%) all of which were spleen responses, partial response in 1 (7.1%) and progressive disease in 1 (7.1%). Despite limited IWG-MRT response, stabilization of anemia and thrombocytopenia was demonstrated. In JAK inhibitor naive patients, 4/5 (80%) had stable or increasing hemoglobin. Of the 9 patients on prior JAK inhibitor, 5 patients (55.5%) and 8 patients (88.9%) had stable or increasing hemoglobin or platelet levels, respectively. Adverse events possibly related included grade 3 or greater hematologic toxicity in ten patients (71.4%) and non-hematologic toxicity in two patients (14.3%). Although combination therapy did not lead to increased hematologic response per IWG-MRT criteria, hematologic stabilization was observed and may be clinically useful.
Low-Frequency and Broadband Vibration Energy Harvesting Using Base-Mounted Piezoelectric Transducers

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters often consist of a cantilevered beam composed of a support layer and one or two piezoelectric layers with a tip mass. While this configuration is advantageous for maximizing electromechanical coupling, the mechanical properties of the piezoelectric material can place limitations on harvester size and resonant frequency. Here, we present numerical and experimental results from a new type of piezoelectric energy harvester in which the mechanical properties and the resonant frequency of the cantilever beam resonator are effectively decoupled from the piezoelectric component. Referred to as a base-mounted piezoelectric (BMP) harvester in this paper, this new design features a piezoelectric transducer mounted beneath the base of the cantilevered beam resonator. The flexibility in the material choice for the cantilever beam resonator means that the resonant frequency and the beam dimensions are essentially free parameters. A prototype made with a 1.6 mm $\times4.9$ mm $\times20.0$ mm polyurethane beam, a PZT-5H piezoelectric transducer, and an 8.36-g tip mass is shown to produce an average power of 8.75 and $113~\mu \text{W}$ at 45 Hz across a 13.0- $\text{M}\Omega $ load under harmonic base excitations of constant peak acceleration at 0.25 and 1.0-g, respectively. We also show an increase in full-width half-maximum bandwidth approximately from 1.5 to 5.6 Hz using an array of four individual BMP harvesters of similar dimensions with peak power generation of $10.38~\mu \text{W}$ at 37.6 Hz across a 1.934- $\text{M}\Omega $ load at 0.25-g peak base excitation. Finite elements-based numerical simulations are shown to be in reasonable agreement with experimental results, indicating that the harvester behaves like a damped mass–spring system as proposed in this paper. Fabricated using casting and laser machining techniques, this harvester shows potential as a low-cost option for powering small, low-power wireless sensor nodes and other low-power devices.
Sharp Bounds for Exponential Approximations of NWUE Distributions

Let F be an NWUE distribution with mean 1 and G be the stationary renewal distribution of F. We would expect G to converge in distribution to the unit exponential distribution as its mean goes to 1. In this paper, we derive sharp bounds for the Kolmogorov distance between G and the unit exponential distribution, as well as between G and an exponential distribution with the same mean as G. We apply the bounds to geometric convolutions and to first passage times.
Production of D0 meson in pp and PbPb Collisions at √SNN = 5.02 TeV with CMS

Heavy flavour mesons are used as powerful tools for the study of the strongly interacting medium in heavy ion collisions as heavy quarks are sensitive to the transport properties of the medium. In these proceedings, D 0 nuclear modification factors, comparing the yields in PbPb and pp collisions, and azimuthal anisotropies in PbPb collisions are reported. Prompt D 0 mesons and their antiparticles have been measured with the CMS detector via the hadronic decay channels D 0 → K − π + and D 0 → K + π − in PbPb and pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. Nonprompt D 0 from b quark decays are subtracted. The D 0 results are compared to inclusive charged particles, non-prompt J/ ψ mesons from b decays and B + mesons in order to reveal possible meson mass dependence of the observables.
Scaling relations for dark matter annihilation and decay profiles in dwarf spheroidal galaxies

Measuring the dark matter distribution in dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) from stellar kinematics is crucial for indirect dark matter searches, as these distributions set the fluxes for both dark matter annihilation (J-Factor) and decay (D-Factor). Here we produce a compilation of J and D-Factors for dSphs, including new calculations for several newly-discovered Milky Way (MW) satellites, for dSphs outside of the MW virial radius, and for M31 satellites. From this compilation we test for scaling relations between the J and D-factors and physical properties of the dSphs such as the velocity dispersion ($\sigma_{\mathrm{los}}$), the distance ($d$), and the stellar half-light radius ($r_{1/2}$). We find that the following scaling relation minimizes the residuals as compared to different functional dependencies on the observed dSphs properties $J(0.5 {\rm deg}) = 10^{17.72} \left(\sigma_{\mathrm{los}}/5\,{\rm km \, s^{-1}}\right)^4 \left(d / 100\,{\rm kpc}\right)^{-2}\left( r_{1/2}/100 \,{\rm pc} \right)^{-1}$. We find this relation has considerably smaller scatter as compared to the simpler relations that scale only as $1/d^2$. We further explore scalings with luminosity ($L_V$), and find that the data do not strongly prefer a scaling including $L_V$ as compared to a pure $1/d^2$ scaling. The scaling relations we derive can be used to estimate the J-Factor without the full dynamical analysis, and will be useful for estimating limits on particle dark matter properties from new systems that do not have high-quality stellar kinematics.
The Structure of Psychiatric Internships in 1977 and in 1983—A Comparative Study

The authors compare national survey data about type and length of rotations offered in psychiatric internships. More than half of the programs offered six months or less of non-psychiatric rotations in both 1977 and 1983. Inpatient rotations were offered by 62% of the programs for the psychiatric portion of the internship in 1977. The inpatient offering increased to 80% of the programs in 1983. The authors comment on the desirability of a relatively large appropriation of time in non-psychiatric rotations and psychiatric rotations in interface areas where psychiatry and other medical specialties interact during this first post graduate year.
ION DISSOCIATION REACTIONS IN THE MASS SPECTROMETER

The essential assumptions of the quasi-equilibrium theory of mass spectra are presented and the quantitative applications of the theory mentioned. The smaller amount of H–D exchange in deuterated butanal parent-ions relative to that in deuterated butane parent-ions is discussed. A time-of-flight mass spectrometer in which the time between ionization and mass analysis can be varied over the range 1 to 100 μsec. is briefly described. Preliminary data obtained with this instrument on propane are discussed. Studies at low electron energies demonstrate directly the occurrence in the ionization chamber of the reactionC2H5+→C2H3++H2.C2H5+→C2H3++H2.
Discrete-Parameter Martingales

In this chapter we develop the basic theory of multiparameter martingales indexed by a countable subset of ℝ + N , usually or ℕ N . As usual, ℕ 0 N . As usual, ℕ= {1, 2,…}, ℕ0 = {0,1, 2,…}, and N denotes a fixed positive integer.
Learning culture-specific dialogue models from non culture-specific data

We build culture-specific dialogue policies of virtual humans for negotiation and in particular for argumentation and persuasion. In order to do that we use a corpus of non-culture specific dialogues and we build simulated users (SUs), i.e. models that simulate the behavior of real users. Then using these SUs and Reinforcement Learning (RL) we learn negotiation dialogue policies. Furthermore, we use research findings about specific cultures in order to tweak both the SUs and the reward functions used in RL towards a particular culture. We evaluate the learned policies in a simulation setting. Our results are consistent with our SU manipulations and RL reward functions.
Psychosocial Factors and Health Status in Women With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Predictive Models

Introduction Health status, and consequently productivity and quality of life, depends on a multitude of factors. Numerous psychosocial factors have been associated with the concurrent health status of individuals with chronic disease. Previous studies have examined the relationship between singular psychosocial factors and health status in rheumatoid arthritis. This study evaluated the simultaneous interrelationships among selected psychosocial variables and health outcomes using data from a study of younger women diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The hypothesized models were examined using data from a survey of 185 women with a mean age of 43 years, diagnosed with RA for an average of 6.6 years. Participants in the study completed the following measures: (1) Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales,(2) Multidimensional Pain Inventory, (3) Daily Hassles Scale, (4) Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and (5) Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Results Using path analysis, the information provided by the LISREL program, and extant theory, two models were tested. The data provided support for all but two of the hypothesized relationships in the model predicting physical functioning. Pain severity and self-efficacy emerged as important variables in understanding individual variations in perceived physical functioning. In the second model, using perceived well-being as the outcome, two bidirectional relationships were noted: one between affective distress and social support, and the second between perceived well-being and daily stress. Conclusions The models evaluated in this study support the provision of multifaceted interventions aimed at enhancing a woman’s ability to manage her pain and stress while also enhancing her beliefs in her own abilities.
Role of nephrectomy in metastatic kidney cancer.

Overall, 30-50% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) will eventually develop metastatic cancer at some point during their illness. Approximately 20–30% of patients present with metastatic disease, while 20 to 40% undergoing nephrectomy for clinically localized RCC will develop clinically detectable metastases during postoperative surveillance.L1,2 Common sites of metastases are the lung, liver, bone, brain, and adrenal gland, with case reports detailing this cancer’s capacity to manifest itself almost anywhere in the body. Metastatic RCC predicts a dismal prognosis, with a median survival of only 6 to 10 months and a 2-year survival of 10 to 20%3(Table 1).
Longitudinal assessment of patient-reported cumulative symptom burden as an indicator of chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer: A joint report of the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE) and the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS).

10571Background: Adult survivors of childhood cancer experience a high cumulative burden of therapy-related chronic health conditions (CHCs). However, longitudinal evaluation of patient-reported sy...
2-D MUSIC Algorithm Based on Uniform Triangular Array

Smart antenna has been widely used in many applications such as radar, sonar and wireless communication systems; they can increase system capacity and reduce cochannel interference for deployment and implementation of information and communication technologies in the Smart Cities. In this article expounds in detail how to obtain Direction of Arrival (DOA) information using Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm with Uniform Circular Arrays (UCA) based on theoretical analysis of receiving spatial signal by reconstruction of the data matrix. A number of simulation results were carried using MATLAB and compared with the experimented one. The comparison show that proposed MUSIC algorithm is more accurate and stable.
The Ethical Necessity of Politics: Why Kierkegaard Needs Marx

When it comes to politics, Soren Kierkegaard is generally considered to be either apolitical or politically conservative. This conclusion is largely based on very limited comments that Kierkegaard ...
Method for Stimulation of Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Transient Microneedle Insertion

Brief stereotaxic insertion and removal of a microneedle into the hippocampus of mice result in stimulation of hippocampal neurogenesis. This approach has been previously applied to a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (Song et al., Cell Transplant 25:1853-1861, 2016). Further studies of fundamental cellular mechanisms of the brain's response to micro-injury will be useful for investigation of potential neuroprotective and deleterious effects of targeted microlesions and deep brain stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases.
Inverse Spectral Geometry

Determining the spectral properties of the Laplacian on a given Riemannian manifold is a “forward” spectral problem. The corresponding “inverse” problem is to deduce geometric properties from some knowledge of the spectrum. In the case of a surface with hyperbolic ends, the input data could include the resonance set, the scattering phase, perhaps even the scattering matrix for a particular set of frequencies.
Role of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Regulating Downstream Signal Transduction Cascades

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) regulates a broad swathe of proteins critical for normal and pathological cell function. One major class of regulated proteins are signal transduction molecules, such as the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK), G Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR) regulatory kinases, and similar. Hsp90 regulates these signaling proteins by promoting proper folding and protein stability, however, Hsp90 also regulates signaling activation and association/targeting of mature proteins during the course of acute signal transduction. As these signaling proteins are ubiquitously expressed in most cells and are downstream of numerous different receptor systems, Hsp90 regulation of signaling proteins is strongly and broadly impactful. In this chapter, we will discuss the main themes of signaling protein regulation by Hsp90, and highlight several crucial signaling protein families. We will discuss the impact of Hsp90 on signaling downstream of multiple receptor systems, and subsequent effects on physiology and pathophysiology. We will also suggest means to manipulate these regulatory relationships to improve clinical therapy, and future directions for the field of Hsp90 signaling regulation.
Recent advancements in rational design of non-aqueous organic redox flow batteries

In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art advancements made in organic redox flow batteries (ORFBs) with special emphasis on non-aqueous (NAq) electrolytes. ORFBs utilize earth-abundant and potentially cost-effective organic redox-active molecules (ORMs), and have rapidly gained scientific interest. Transitioning from aqueous (Aq) solvents to NAq electrolytes expands the stable electrochemical windows available in ORFBs, thus offering great potential to increase both power density and energy density. To combine the advantages of ORMs and NAq electrolytes, non-aqueous organic redox flow batteries (NAqORFBs) have emerged. Recent advances in NAqORFBs have focused on the development of ORMs with large redox potential differences, multi-electron transfer capabilities, improved solubility, and stability. Strategies for preventing the crossover of redox-active species have also been documented. Collectively, these studies potentiate NAqORFBs as an important approach for sustainable energy storage. Still greater opportunities to further increase the battery performance through increased energy density, energy efficiency, and cycling lifetime can be realized by molecular engineering of ORMs and rational design of battery cells. We, therefore, review the critical principles that need to be considered in engineering NAqORFBs, and conclude with a discussion of emerging possibilities in these areas.
Subclinical manic symptoms predict social cognitive impairment mediated by deficits in executive functioning in older adults with mood disorders

Introduction Bipolar disorder can impair executive functioning and social cognition which refers to the cognitive processes involved in understanding social cues (this includes theory of mind). However, little is known about the degree to which subclinical manic symptoms can impact social cognition in older adults and the role of executive functioning in this interaction. This cross-sectional study examined if transdiagnostic subclinical manic symptoms in older adults with mood disorders were related to impaired social cognition and if this relationship was mediated by executive functioning. Methods Ninety-five mood disorder patients (43 patients with bipolar disorder, 50 with major depressive disorder, 2 with schizoaffective disorder) ages 55 and above completed a battery of neuropsychological tests, mood and anxiety rating scales, clinical rating scales, functional and medical assessments. Total scores from the Mind in the Eyes task were used to assess social cognition. Executive functioning was assessed using the total correct scores from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST). The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) were used to assess mood and anxiety symptoms. Results All participants had subclinical manic symptoms based on the YMRS scores independent of their diagnosis. We used linear regressions to test mediation following the Baron and Kenny (1986) method. We found that greater subclinical manic symptoms (YMRS) were related to reduced executive functioning (path a, p=.043), and lower social cognitive functioning (Mind in the Eyes task), when controlling for depression and anxiety symptoms (path c, p = .002). The association between manic symptoms and social cognition was fully mediated by performance on an executive functioning task (the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task total correct scores, path b, p=.010, path c’ p= .375). Mood diagnosis, depression and anxiety symptoms were not significantly related to performance on social cognitive or executive functioning tasks. Conclusions Executive functioning could explain social cognitive impairment related to subclinical manic symptoms. Our findings shed some light into the neuropsychological features of subclinical manic symptoms in older adults. Funding The Rogers Family Foundation
Determining the impact of age and sex on the psychophysical and neurophysiological response to thermal pain across the adult lifespan

Aims Determine sex- and age-associated psychophysical and neurophysiological differences in the processing of pain across the adult lifespan. Design Preliminary, exploratory, cross-sectional study. Methods Using psychophysics (to measure intensity and unpleasantness) and functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygenation level dependent methods (to measure stimulus-evoked brain activation), we will examine sex- and age-associated differences in thermal pain processing and their underlying neurophysiology in a broad range of healthy adults (ages 30-89). We will acquire resting state functional connectivity data for secondary analyses exploring whether resting state connectivity predicts psychophysical and neurophysiological responses to thermal pain. To examine the effects of altered blood flow, we will acquire resting-state arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging data to quantify resting cerebral blood flow. We will interpret findings in the context of a proposed neural model of pain, ageing, and sex. Study funding was received in June of 2014. Ethical approval was obtained from the Vanderbilt University IRB prior to study initiation. Conclusion Exploring the biological reasons for age- and sex-associated differences in pain processing will increase our understanding of pain in older adults. The paucity of neurobiological evidence to support best practice pain management in older adults places these individuals at risk for poor pain management. Impact Poorly treated pain in older adults is a critical public health problem associated with a poor quality of life and increased healthcare costs. Understanding how age and sex have an impact on central processing of pain across the lifespan is a critical step toward improving personalized pain medicine.
Antenatal Bartter syndrome: a new compound heterozygous mutation in exon 2 of KCNJ1 gene.

A 30+6/7-week infant was born by vaginal delivery to a 21-year-old primigravida with pregnancy complicated by polyhydramnios. The infant developed polyuria and significant weight loss in the first 2 weeks of life despite appropriate fluid management. He developed hyponatraemia, hypochloraemia, transient hyperkalaemia and prerenal azotaemia with metabolic acidosis. On further evaluation, he had elevated plasma renin and aldosterone levels. Bartter syndrome was considered in the differential diagnosis. Bartter syndrome gene panel revealed a rare compound heterozygous mutation in exon 2 of the KCNJ1 gene (Lys186Glu/Thr71Met), suggesting antenatal Bartter syndrome (type 2). The infant developed late-onset hypokalaemia and metabolic alkalosis by week 4 of life. He regained birth weight by week 3 of life but failed to thrive (10-20 g/kg/day) despite high caloric intake (140 kcal/kg/day). His electrolyte abnormalities gradually improved, and he was discharged home without the need for electrolyte supplements or medications.
Alcoholism and Drug Abuse

One of the greatest public health problems in the United States today is alcoholism and drug abuse. Alcoholism alone is responsible for more morbidity than all the cancers and respiratory diseases combined. The lifetime incidence of alcoholism has been estimated at approximately 10% for men and 3% for women. There is a strong familial trend for the disease evidenced by the two times or greater risk for the identical twin of an alcoholic to share the disease as compared to a fraternal twin. Adoption studies demonstrate a fourfold increase in the incidence of alcoholism in children of alcoholic biological parents adopted at birth as compared to adopted children of nonalcoholic biological parents.1,2 Not only is the disease a major one today, but its prevalence appears to be increasing. It is estimated that the consumption of alcohol in the United States has increased by 30% during the last 20 years resulting, in the current mean consumption per year by Americans over the age of 14 of 2.75 gallons of absolute ethanol.3
Observed changes in a-Si:H cell characteristics due to long term temperature stress

Determination of thermally induced degradation mechanisms affecting thin film amorphous silicon solar cells through the use of laboratory accelerated stress testing requires acquisition of specially constructed, individually addressable test cells and the development of highly repeatable instrumentation which is not influenced by short-term reversible optical effects. This paper illustrates these considerations by describing accelerated temperature stress procedures and test results for one type of a-Si:H cell. Observed electrical characteristic changes indicate that two types of stress induced mechanisms are operating - one of which is self limiting and can be observed at lower temperatures and one which continues to complete degradation. The self limiting mechanism can result in a dramatic improvement to cells having initially low Voc values.
Quantification of Colonic Lamina Propria Cells by Means of a Morphometric Point- Counting Method

Abstract The lamina propria of colonic mucosa normally contains eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and a few neutrophils. If the number of such cells is judged to be increased, colonic inflammation is said to be present. However, the number of cells present in normal mucosa has not been clearly established. Mild abnormalities are difficult to identify, yet might be associated with colonic dysfunction. We therefore developed a morphometric point-counting method to quantitatively analyze the areas occupied by different structures in the mucosa of the human colon. A computer was used to move a dot in a rectilinear pattern over the × 400 magnified image of biopsy specimens obtained from throughout the colon by colonoscopy. The structure on which the dot landed was identified and tabulated by a pathologist. In preliminary studies, we established counting parameters that would yield the most representative results. Based on statistical analysis, it was decided to count 98 points in each of seven regions of six biopsy specimens, i.e., over 4000 points per subject. Results were expressed as percentages of counts landing on a given item, and represented the area of the biopsy specimen covered by that item. Using this method, we determined the range of normal in healthy volunteers. The sensitivity of this method was tested by studying patients with chronic diarrhea previously diagnosed as having or not having mild to moderate mucosal inflammation. In the patient group, colonic fluid absorption measured by a perfusion technique was directly correlated with epithelial cell counts and inversely correlated with lamina propria cellularity and with the counts of lamina propria neutrophils and plasma cells. We conclude that morphometric analysis of colon biopsy specimens can be used to quantitate histologic features of colonic mucosa and to accurately identify even mild abnormalities, and that it can be a useful clinical research tool.
Deregulatory Takings and the Regulatory Contract: The Competitive Transformation of Network Industries in the United States

Preface 1. The nature of the controversy 2. Deregulation and network pricing 3. Quarantines and quagmires 4. The regulatory contract 5. Remedies for breach of the regulatory contract 6. Takings and the property of the regulated utility 7. Just compensation for deregulatory takings 8. The efficient component-pricing rule 9. The market-determined efficient component-pricing rule 10. Answering the critics of efficient component-pricing 11. The equivalence rule 12. TSLRIC pricing and the fallacy of forward-looking costs 13. Deregulatory takings and efficient capital markets 14. Limiting principles for stranded cost recovery 15. Deregulation and managed competition in network industries 16. The tragedy of the telecommons References Indices.
Second Malignancies After Treatment of Early-Stage Breast Cancer: Lumpectomy and Radiation Therapy Versus Mastectomy

PURPOSE: To determine the risk of second malignancies after lumpectomy and radiation therapy (LRT), and to compare it with that in a similar cohort of early-stage breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy without radiation (MAST). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1970 and December 1990, 1,029 breast cancer patients at our institution underwent LRT. A cohort of 1,387 breast cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment by mastectomy (MAST), and who did not receive postoperative radiation during the same time period, served as a comparison group. Second malignancies were categorized as contralateral breast versus nonbreast. In the cohort of patients undergoing LRT, a detailed analysis was carried out with respect to age, disease stage, smoking history, radiation therapy technique, dose, the use of chemotherapy or hormone therapy, and other clinical and/or pathologic characteristics. RESULTS: As of March 1999, the median follow-up was 14.6 years for the LRT group and 16 years for the MAST group. T...
Myocardial perfusion imaging with low energy high resolution collimators in comparison to SMARTZOOM collimators

2711 Objectives Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in the US and Nuclear Medicine is an important diagnostic tool for this disease. In 2010 Siemens introduced the IQ-SPECT system. This new system is expected to improve efficiency of myocardial perfusion imaging by using a SMARTZOOM collimator. The goal is to find optimal acquisition time when using a SMARTZOOM collimator while still maintaining equal or superior image quality in comparison to a LEHR collimator. Methods When scanning for myocardial perfusion, acquisition time was compared using both a standard LEHR collimator and a SMARTZOOM collimator. The radiopharmaceutical used was 99mTc-Sestamibi. The general dosage range for this procedure is 8mCi-12mCi for rest imaging and 25-30mCi for stress imaging. The camera configuration when using the LEHR collimator was a 90-degree detector configuration, and the scan range was 180 degrees. The camera mode was step and shoot, and used a non-circular orbit. The SMARTZOOM collimator used during the stress images had a 104-degree detector configuration; a scan range of 208 degrees and the camera mode was step and shoot with a cardio-centric orbit. After obtaining the images using the LEHR collimator and the SMARTZOOM collimator the images were applied to specific calculations and compared to determine the optimal dose and acquisition time. Results The SMARTZOOM collimator focused on the heart and collected up to four times more counts than the LEHR collimator. The cardio-centric orbit acquisition ensures that heart is always in the SMARTZOOM collimators magnification zone as opposed to the gantry’s mechanical center using a LEHR collimator. The IQ SPECT allowed completion of a scan in just five minutes, which included patient setup time, scan, and CT based attenuation correction. Scans performed with LEHR collimators took 16-20 minutes. Conclusions Using an IQ-SPECT for myocardial perfusion imagining significantly reduced the acquisition time. Both patients and technologists benefit from this decreased image time.
Bis­(pyridin‐2‐yl­methano­lato‐κ2N,O)­bis­(tri­fluoro­acetato)­nickel(II)

The NiII atom in the title compound, [Ni(C2F3O2)2(C6H7NO)2], is located on an inversion centre and is in an irregular coordination environment. Two tri­fluoro­acetate ions and two pyridin-2-yl­methanol mol­ecules coordinate to the NiII atom. The pyridin-2-yl­methanol ligand coordinates via its pyridyl N atom and its methanol O atom, resulting in a five-membered chelate ring. The ring is puckered in an envelope conformation, with the methanol O atom as flap. The tri­fluoro­acetate ions coordinate via one O atom only. The second O atom accepts a strong hydrogen bond from the methanol hydroxy group.
Structures That Delineate Orphanin FQ and Dynorphin A Pharmacological Selectivities

Abstract Strict pharmacological selectivity in families of structurally related ligands and receptors may result from a key process in evolution aiming at increasing diversity in neurotransmission. An intriguing example of such exclusive specificity can be found in the newly discovered orphanin FQ (OFQ) system when it is compared with the opioid system. Both OFQ and its receptor share a high degree of sequence similarity to the opioid peptides and their corresponding receptors, respectively. However, OFQ does not activate opioid receptors, nor do the opioid peptides elicit biological activity at the OFQ receptor. We have therefore investigated the basis for the inherent selectivity of the primary structures of OFQ and dynorphin A, its closest counterpart. A series of truncated and/or chimeric peptides led to the conclusion that both peptides contain domains which establish their pharmacological selectivity. In the OFQ molecule we could delineate a domain that prevents its ability to activate the κ-opioid receptor by apparently repelling its binding. In both peptides the selectivity-generating domains are composed of single residues in key positions together with short stretches of amino acids which do not overlap. To prove this concept, we designed a universal agonist and found it active at both the OFQ receptor and the κ-opioid receptor. Our observations suggest that a coordinated mechanism of evolution has separated the orphanin FQ system from the opioid system.
Preparation and Crystal Structure Analysis of Ba2BiGa11O20

Abstract X-ray structure investigations of ternary BaO–Ga2O3crystals grown in a Bi2O3flux led to discovery of a quaternary compound of ideal composition Ba2BiGa11O20. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates a monoclinic unit cell with parametersa=14.9283(14) A,b=11.7046(8) A,c=5.1170(5) A, andβ=91.137(7)°. The structure is similar to that of Ba3TiAl10O20and related compounds. Three different refinement trials were completed, involving different treatments of positioning of bismuth or gallium atoms shifted from normal barium and gallium sites. The refinement selected as representing the best model has only one bismuth atom positioned near a barium site at a displacement of 0.495 A. A crystal chemical analysis based on the X-ray data suggests that the displacement of bismuth atoms is due to the stereochemical activity of the 6s2lone pair. X-ray refinement was carried out by full-matrix least squares onF2on all data, to giveR1=0.0689 andwR2=0.1802 for 104 parameters and 1361 independent reflections. The final position assignments were analyzed via bond valence sum calculations. Other crystal data:M=1570.58, space groupI2/m(No. 12),V=893.92(14) A3,Z=2,Dc=5.835 g cm−3, MoKα=0.71073 A,μ=30.506 mm−1, 2θmax=59.98°.
Thermal fluctuations of electric field and solute density in biological cells

Thermal fluctuations of ionic densities in a biological cell's electrolyte creates random electric fields and solute density fluctuations. Using two common models of cellular components, the capacitor-resistor membrane model and the uniform electrolyte cytoplasm model, we determine the RMS values of these random variables and their frequency and wave number spectra by including independent variations of both anion and cation densities. In the membrane, the inequality of ionic mobilities skews the frequency spectra to much lower frequencies characteristic of solute transport, rather than current transport, through the membrane. In the cytoplasm electrolyte, the electric field wave number spectrum declines approximately exponentially with increasing wave number, leading to an algebraically declining spatial correlation function; the time correlation function also declines algebraically. The cytoplasm solute density fluctuations behave normally, with exponential spatial and algebraic temporal correlation functions. The RMS electric field of the cytoplasm is estimated at $\ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7}$ V/m, about a factor of ${10}^{3}$ higher than that of the membrane.
Nomenclatural Changes Resulting from the Transfer of Nesaea and Hionanthera to Ammannia (Lythraceae)

Abstract Generic delimitations and understanding of relationships among the herbaceous Afro-Asian genera Ammannia L., Hionanthera A. Fern. & Diniz, and Nesaea Comm. ex Kunth were long elusive due to the extensive similarity in their habit and floral morphology. Recently, studies based on morphological and molecularbased evidence found the three genera forming a strongly supported monophyletic clade. The need for taxonomic unification as a result of this finding is satisfied here by formal nomenclatural recognition of a single genus under the earliest available name, Ammannia, and new synonyms Hionanthera and Nesaea. To accommodate the required nomenclatural changes, 77 new combinations are proposed. Seven new names are provided for replaced synonyms: Ammannia brevistyla S.A.Graham & Gandhi, A. fernandesiana S.A. Graham & Gandhi, A. grayi S.A. Graham & Gandhi, A. involucrata S.A. Graham & Gandhi, A. mauritiana S.A.Graham & Gandhi, A. parvula S.A. Graham & Gandhi, and A. pauciramosa S.A. Graham & Gandhi. Le...
Are business schools studying and teaching the right things

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of the importance of services as a subject for scientific research and teaching. Services represent the majority of the world economy but universities and business schools have not generally considered services to be an appropriate subject for scientific research and teaching. With the help of industry, universities and business schools need to bring together a variety of current academic disciplines, including engineering, statistics, management theory, and human psychology, to develop a formal, interdisciplinary curriculum around service science. It is imperative that we do this to drive much needed service innovation and to equip graduates for the jobs of tomorrow.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on first‐hand experience of working with over 50 universities from around the world which are developing service science as an academic discipline and research topic.Findings – The paper finds that the number of business schools and univ...
Extrudate swell and extrusion pressure loss of polymer melts flowing through rectangular and trapezoidal dies

A theoretical and experimental study of pressure losses and extrudate swell of flow through dies with complex crosssections is presented. The range of utility of models based on one-dimensional shearing on pressure loss-extrusion rate behavior is indicated. A procedure to predict extrudate profiles emerging from complex dies is developed. This is based on consideration of the idea of unconstrained elastic recovery from long dies. The theoretical predictions are contrasted with experiments on polystyrene and polypropylene.
INHIBITION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR ACTIVITY BY HISTONE DEACETYLASE 4 THROUGH RECEPTOR SUMOYLATION

The transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR) is regulated by both ligand binding and post-translational modifications, including acetylation and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known to catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from both histones and non-histone proteins. In this study, we report that HDAC4 binds to and inhibits the activity of the AR. This inhibition was found to depend on the SUMOylation, instead of deacetylation, of the AR. Consistently, HDAC4 increases the level of AR SUMOylation in both whole-cell and cell-free assay systems, raising the possibility that the deacetylase may act as an E3 ligase for AR SUMOylation. Knock down of HDAC4 increases the activity of endogenous AR and androgen induction of prostate-specific antigen expression and prostate cancer cell growth, which is associated with decreased SUMOylation of the receptor. Overall, the studies identify HDAC4 as a positive regulator for AR SUMOylation, revealing a deacetylase-independent mechanism of HDAC action in prostate cancer cells.
The Social Networks of Leaders in More or Less Viable Communities Six Years Later: A Research Note1

Using 1995 data, this study re-examines the social networks of leaders in five more and less viable rural communities in Missouri which were originally studied in 1989 (O'Brien et al. 1991; O'Brien and Hassinger 1992). In the six year period between the 1989 and 1995 surveys, four of the five communities were impacted by major events, including the introduction of corporate hog production in two places and flooding in two others. However, despite these events, there is a high degree of continuity in the relative viability scores of the five places in the two surveys. Leaders in more viable places continue to work with a larger number of fellow leaders and to be more involved in community development organizations than their counterparts in less viable places. These findings show the importance of social capital for rural community viability.