cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dipole-Assisted Charge Separation in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Photovoltaic Heterojunctions: Insight from First-Principles Simulations

It has been observed that the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of a hybrid organic/inorganic (P3HT/ZnO) solar cell can be tripled by inserting a monolayer of fullerene (PCBA) at the donor (P3HT) and acceptor (ZnO) interface. First-principles simulations are performed to understand the origin of the increased EQE, offering a complementary perspective to the experiment. The interfacial atomic and electronic structure as well as energy alignment are examined for both the bare and PCBA-modified interface. The presence of PCBA induces an interfacial dipole and shifts up the lowest-unoccupied-molecular-orbital (LUMO) level of P3HT relative to the conduction band edge of ZnO. Interfacial electron dynamics including forward and backward charge transfer time scales are estimated. We find that the two interfaces have similar forward electron transfer rates but their transfer mechanisms differ. The PCBA-modified interface exhibits a weaker adiabatic but a stronger nonadiabatic charge transfer. In contrast, the charge recombination time scale of the modified interface is 20 times slower than that of the bare interface, thanks to reduced donor/acceptor wave function coupling as well as increased donor/acceptor energy offset. By slowing down the charge recombination, the PCBA-modified heterojunction offers the superior performance observed in the experiment.
The interacting effects of coping styles and situational variables in gynecologic settings: Implications for research and treatment

The present paper reviews the determinants of patients’ medical and psychological outcomes in gynecologic contexts. Traditionally, 2 main theoretical perspectives have been proposed to account for these effects: (1) the Situational approach and (2) the Trait approach. The problems and weaknesses of these approaches are documented. An alternative ‘Interactional’ model, the Person By Situation approach, is advanced and its fit to the data is examined. Results show that the interactional framework predicts particularly vulnerable populations when faced with aversive diagnostic procedures. Specifically, high monitors and low blunters (individuals who typically cope by scanning for or failing to distract from threatening cues) show greater physiologic, subjective, and behavioral distress than low monitors/high blunters (individuals who typically cope by ignoring or distracting themselves from threatening cues). Further, individuals generally fare better when the level of preparatory information they receive is...
Lex-Optimal Online Multiclass Scheduling with Hard Deadlines

Online scheduling of unit-length packets with hard deadlines by a single server in slotted time is considered. First, the throughput optimal scheduling policies are characterized. Then multiclass packets are considered in which each packet has an M-bit class identifier, and a new optimality property called lex-optimality (short for lexicographic optimality) is defined for online scheduling policies. Lex-optimality is a hierarchical sequence of M throughput optimality properties. The lex-optimal policies that do not drop packets early are characterized. Both characterizations involve identification of a "no-regret subset" of the set of packets available for scheduling in a given slot. A lex-optimal scheduling algorithm is presented with complexity per packet O(MB), where M is the log of the number of priority classes and B is the maximum buffer size. The algorithm requires no more packets to be buffered than any online, throughput optimal scheduling policy. Simulation results are presented that illustrate that lex-optimality combines elements of pure priority and nested priority scheduling.
Temporal Thresholds for Infarction and Hypothermic Protection in Long-Evans Rats Factors Affecting Apparent ‘Reperfusion Injury’ After Transient Focal Ischemia

Background and Purpose— Some previous studies in Long-Evans rats noted larger infarcts after transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions than after permanent occlusions, interpreted to demonstrate “reperfusion injury.” Recent experiments failed to reproduce this phenomenon, prompting an investigation of the sources of variability in this animal model. Methods— Male Long-Evans rats were subjected to surgical occlusion of the right MCA and ipsilateral common carotid artery. Variables tested included duration of occlusion and halothane anesthesia exposure and targeting of proximal or distal MCA occlusion sites. The temporal window for hypothermic protection was also investigated. Results— MCA occlusions at the level of the rhinal fissure produced graded increases in infarct volume with ischemia duration, and lesion size did not differ between 3-hour and permanent occlusions independent of anesthesia duration. Occlusions at a more distal site produced infarcts of comparable size after transient 3-hour o...
Progesterone receptors in rabbit uterus--II. Characterization and estrogen augmentation.

Abstract Progesterone-binding protein in uterine, endometrial and myometrial cytosol of normal and estrogen (diethylstilbestrol)-primed, immature rabbits has been characterized using sucrose gradient centrifugation and charcoal adsorption techniques. Estrogen priming daily for five days increased the concentration of uterine progesterone receptors 32-fold as compared to progesterone binding in serum. The number of receptor binding sites in the uterus reached a maximum on day ten of 51,700 per cell. This result compares favorably with the best progestational response, which occurs on days 10 and 11 in McPhail's[1] bioassay. The mean dissociation constant for progesterone and progesterone receptor complexes was estimated at 3.3 × 10 −10 M ( n = 18). We observed a higher concentration of progesterone receptors in myometrial than in endometrial cytosol; both levels were less than that in uterine cytosol. In addition to quantitative changes, we observed a qualitative change in the sedimentation constant of progesterone-binding protein from a 4–5 S to a 5–6 S complex after ten days of estrogen administration; the complex changed irreversibly to the 4–5 S form in the presence of 0.4 M KCl. Among the natural steroids tested, the highest relative binding affinity was observed with 5α-pregnan-3,20-dione (15%) when progesterone was 100%. Synthetic progestational compounds showed a wide range of binding affinities for progesterone receptors.
Acid-catalyzed furfuryl alcohol polymerization: Characterizations of molecular structure and thermodynamic properties

The liquid-phase polymerization of furfuryl alcohol catalyzed by sulfuric acid catalysts and the identities of molecular intermediates were investigated by using Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation. At room temperature, with an acid catalyst, a vigorous furfuryl alcohol polymerization reaction was observed, whereas even at a high water concentration, furfuryl alcohol was very stable in the absence of an acid catalyst. Theoretical studies were carried out to investigate the thermodynamics of protonation of furfuryl alcohol, initiation of polymerization, and formation of conjugated dienes and diketonic species by using the B3LYP level of theory. A strong aliphatic C=C band observed in the calculated and measured Raman spectra provided crucial evidence to understand the polymerization reaction mechanism. It is confirmed that the formation of a conjugated diene structure rather than a diketone structure is involved in the furfuryl alcohol polymerization reaction.
TIMELESS‐dependent positive and negative autoregulation in the Drosophila circadian clock

The timeless protein (TIM) is a central component of the circadian pacemaker machinery of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. Both TIM and its partner protein, the period protein PER, show robust circadian oscillations in mRNA and protein levels. Yet the role of TIM in the rhythm generation mechanism is largely unknown. To analyze TIM function, we constructed transgenic flies that carry a heat shock-inducible copy of the timeless gene (tim) in an arrhythmic tim loss-of-function genetic background. When heat shocked, TIM levels in these flies rapidly increased and initiated a molecular cycle of PER accumulation and processing with dynamics very similar to the PER cycle observed in wild-type flies. Analysis of period (per) mRNA levels and transcription uncovered a novel role for TIM in clock regulation: TIM increases per mRNA levels through a post-transcriptional mechanism. Our results suggest positive as well as negative autoregulation in the Drosophila circadian clock.
Inter-Imperial Relations, the Pacific, and Asian American History

Despite the turn toward diasporic, transnational, global, and comparative perspectives, this article argues that historians of Asian America have largely neglected and need to reflect upon inter-imperial relations—the relations of cooperation, competition, and conflict between empires, including subaltern attempts at creating spaces for maneuver and agency between them. With a focus on the development of the United States as an empire, this article identifies the key inter-imperial relations over time that have shaped the Asian American experience. An awareness of inter-imperial relations helps scholars to account for the political dynamics, the multiple sources of power, and the challenges to existing hegemonies that have structured Asian American lives. An approach sensitive to inter-imperial relations opens up the possibility of recognizing, and comparing, the simultaneous subaltern struggles that cut across nations and immigrant groups.
Electromagnetic reflection and transmission at interfaces involving graded dielectrics with applications to planetary radar astronomy

Reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves at an interface between two homogeneous materials is modified when a transition zone of linearly increasing permittivity is inserted between the half spaces. Mathematical expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients are derived for waves at arbitrary incidence angles and polarized either in or perpendicular to the plane of incidence. Discontinuities in permittivity at the transition zone boundaries are allowed. There is efficient transmission between the two half-spaces for transition zone thicknesses of a wavelength or greater. For sharper changes the matching layer has diminishing effect and the wave-interface interaction is characterized by the difference in properties between the two half-spaces. Examples applicable to lunar radar astronomy and airborne terrestrial remote sensing are used to illustrate the relationship between wavelength and thickness of the transition layer. A lossy transition layer also masks the electrical properties of the far half-space. Using only reflected power it is generally difficult to distinguish between dielectric models which are lossy and those which are gradational. For the lunar case, however, experimental values of attenuation indicate that gradations in soil permittivity should be observable.
Total quality management (TQM) in a non-manufacturing environment

This paper summarizes the expansion of total quality management (TQM) at the Raytheon Electromagnetic Systems Division (RESD) from primarily a manufacturing-related effort to encompass virtually all areas within the Division. It describes some of the early roadblocks and how they were overcome, and presents accomplishments to date. >
Prescription Opioid Duration of Action and the Risk of Unintentional Overdose Among Patients Receiving Opioid Therapy

Importance The unprecedented increase in unintentional overdose events that has occurred in tandem with escalating sales of prescription opioids over the past 2 decades has raised concerns about whether the therapeutic use of opioids has contributed to increases in overdose injury. Few controlled studies have examined the extent to which ecologic measures of increases in opioid prescribing and overdose injuries reflect risk among patients prescribed opioids, let alone whether some opioid regimens are safer than others. Objective To examine whether the risk of unintentional overdose injury is associated with the duration of opioid action (ie, long-acting vs short-acting formulations). Design, Setting, and Participants A propensity score–adjusted cohort study was conducted using population-based health care utilization data from the Veterans Administration Healthcare System. The patients were veterans with chronic painful conditions who began therapy with opioid analgesics between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2009. Main Outcomes and Measures Unintentional overdoses that are explicitly coded using International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision codes as drug or medication poisonings of accidental intent (E850.x-860.x) or undetermined intent (E980.x or drug poisoning [960.x-980.x] without an accompanying external cause of injury code). Results A total of 319 unintentional overdose events were observed. Patients initiating therapy with long-acting opioids were more than twice as likely to overdose compared with persons initiating therapy with short-acting opioids. After adjustment for age, sex, opioid dose, and other clinical characteristics, patients receiving long-acting opioids had a significantly higher rate of overdose injury than did those receiving short-acting opioids (hazard ratio [HR], 2.33; 95% CI, 1.26-4.32). The risk associated with long-acting agents was particularly marked during the first 2 weeks after initiation of treatment (HR, 5.25; 1.88-14.72). Conclusions and Relevance To our knowledge, the findings of the present study provide the first evidence that the risk of unintentional overdose injury is related to the prescribed opioid’s duration of action. If replicated in other cohorts, our findings suggest that clinicians weighing the benefits and risks of initiating different opioid regimens should consider not only the daily dose prescribed but also the duration of opioid action, favoring short-acting agents whenever possible, especially during the first 2 weeks of therapy.
THz generation by quantum interference in optically excited Zinc-Blende quantum wells

We show theoretically that one can generate substantial ballistic currents and THz radiation in the unbiased zinc-blende quantum via quantum interference of the absorption for two components of an elliptically polarized beam.
The Effects of Information Presentation Format on Judgment and Decision Making: A Review of the Information Systems Research

ABSTRACT: This paper reviews the information systems and accounting information systems research on the effects of information presentation format on judgment and decision making. We limit our review to static (noninteractive) formats only, where the user cannot manipulate or change the characteristics of the task, including information presentation format. We provide a conceptual framework, describing the role of information presentation in individual decision making. Additionally, we develop an integrated model of information presentation research based upon the theory of cognitive fit, and use the model to summarize the prior literature and provide suggestions for future research.
Cranial injuries as evidence of violence in prehistoric southern California

Crania from the Channel Island area of southern California were examined for evidence of traumatic injuries. Well-healed depressed fractures in the outer table of the cranial vault are common in skeletal remains from the northern Channel Islands (18.56% n = 598) but rare in those from the mainland coast (7.5% n = 146). This prevalence of traumatic injuries among the islanders may be a result of intense competition over resources in a geographically circumscribed environment. The frequency of cranial injuries increases significantly between the early and late prehistoric periods on the Channel Islands. This temporal variation appears to reflect changes in patterns of violence associated with population growth and environmental instability.
Collapse of the Cooper pair phase coherence length at a superconductor-to-insulator transition

We present investigations of the superconductor-to-insulator transition (SIT) of uniform a-Bi films using a technique sensitive to Cooper pair phase coherence. The films are perforated with a nanohoneycomb array of holes to form a multiply connected geometry and subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field. Film magnetoresistances on the superconducting side of the SIT oscillate with a period dictated by the superconducting flux quantum and the areal hole density. The oscillations disappear close to the SIT critical point to leave a monotonically rising magnetoresistance that persists in the insulating phase. These observations indicate that the Cooper pair phase coherence length, which is infinite in the superconducting phase, collapses to a value less than the interhole spacing at this SIT. This behavior is inconsistent with the gradual reduction of the phase coherence length expected for a bosonic phase-fluctuation-driven SIT. This result starkly contrasts with previous observations of oscillations persisting in the insulating phase of other films implying that there must be at least two distinct classes of disorder-tuned SITs.
Comment on Manuel Lacunza (1731–1801)

For about twenty years, I have been trying to get someone interested in examining the work of Immanuel Lacunza and its influence. I had encountered him both in terms of the influence of his The Coming of the Messiah in Glory and Majesty amongst such Catholic millenarians as the Abbe Henri Gregoire, and early nineteenth-century Jansenists, and amongst the Seventh Day Adventists. Almost a decade ago, I was visiting my older daughter in El Salvador, when she was the assistant director of the Human Rights Institute at the Jesuit University of Central America [this is the institution where six Jesuit leaders, including her boss, were slaughtered by government troops during the civil war there]. I was introduced to a leader of the Liberation Theology movement, and was discussing its history with him. I asked him about what figures in Catholic history were those in which they found their intellectual ancestors. He replied by naming first Joachim de Fiore, then Antonio Vieira and next Immanuel Lacunza, and then a list of nineteenth- and twentieth century thinkers. On the other side, the most recent editions of Lacunza’s work have been put out by Seventh Day Adventists in Europe, the U.S. and South America.
Polymerase-chain-reaction-based detection of individual polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase phaC1 and phaC2 genes.

A semi-nested PCR method for the specific and individual amplification of type II phaC1 and phaC2 subgenomic fragments containing the catalytically important lipase box-like sequence and the phosphopantetheine binding site was developed. Direct sequencing of these ΔphaC1 and ΔphaC2 fragments is possible, thus greatly facilitating the characterization of these genes. The method was used to show that three strains of Pseudomonas oleovorans harbor different pha loci, while five strains of P. corrugata contain identical ΔphaC1 and ΔphaC2 subgenomic fragments.
Too Much “Research” on Parallel Numerical Algorithms

In the early 1970’s, there were a few isolated pockets of research activity focused on parallel algorithms. The advent of the Illiac IV stirred some additional interest but it remained for two events of the 1980’s to cause the explosion of interest that we see today. One of these events was the availability of relatively inexpensive parallel hardware such as the Intel iPSC. The other, spurred on by numerous federally supported research studies, was the advent of agency funds for parallel computing research.
A phase sensitive parametric seismometer

abstract The steady-state response characteristics of a seismometer do not depend on the phase of the input. A phase-dependent response is obtained by parametric excitation of the seismometer, which is achieved with an electromagnetic spring. A theory is developed for this device and comparisons are made with experimental data. The construction of the seismometer and its application are discussed.
Under the Hatches: American Coolie Ships and Nineteenth Century Narratives of the Pacific Passage

This article constitutes part of a multi-part series. In this article, The Sea Witch chapters on the coolie trade serve as a basis for examining the nature and experience of "coolie passage." Laing's vision of the coolie passage is one of inhumanity and exploitation that flourishes under the powerful desire for profit and capital. Besides his critical eye towards labor's relationship with capital, Laing was preoccupied with the degree of veracity in his representation of the clipper's history. At the beginning of his text, he inserted an author's note: "A foreword, for those interested in the historic origins of this tale, will be found where such matters below: at the end of the book.-A.L." At the end of the book, the author provided a list of sources and took pains to clarify the historicity of his text. With this, Laing signaled his preoccupation with the "facts" of his text versus the "fiction." The larger argument regarding genre ("what is fiction" and "what is history") could be engaged in here.
Interleukin-7 treatment of PML in a patient with idiopathic lymphocytopenia

Objective: To describe the compassionate use of interleukin-7 (IL-7) for treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in the setting of idiopathic CD8+ greater than CD4+ lymphocytopenia. Methods: A 66-year-old HIV-seronegative man presented with progressive language dysfunction. MRI showed hyperintense lesions in the left hemispheric white matter with mild contrast enhancement. A brain biopsy performed 4 months after symptom onset established the diagnosis of PML. The patient had profound lymphocytopenia with absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at 168 cells/μL, 87 CD4+ T cells/μL, and 7 CD8+ T cells/μL. There was no evidence of hematologic malignancy or rheumatologic disease. Results: The patient received 3 intramuscular injections of IL-7 at a dose of 10 μg/kg per week with no adverse effects. ALC peaked at 595 cells/μL, CD4+ T cells at 301 cells/μL, and CD8+ T cells at 34 cells/μL 3 weeks after completion of treatment. His lesions on MRI stabilized and neurologic examination mildly improved. JCV-specific T-cell responses measured by intracellular cytokine staining were not altered after treatment with IL-7 but there was a marked increase in regulatory T cells. Conclusion: This case further supports the investigational use of IL-7 in patients who develop PML in the setting of ICL. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence that for patients with ICL and PML, IL-7 improves PML-related-outcomes. The study is rated Class IV because it is a case report.
Prevention of cardiovascular disease in women

Appropriate screening and lifestyle modification are the foundations of effective cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in women. All adult women should undergo a cardiovascular risk assessment, including family history, smoking, diet, and exercise assessments, and measurement of fasting lipid profile, waist and hip dimensions, and blood pressure. Women should be advised of their 10-year estimated risk of developing a cardiovascular event using the Framingham risk calculator as recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program. Based on the level of risk, women should receive counseling on dietary modification, physical activity, weight loss, and the need for pharmacologic intervention for blood pressure, lipid, and diabetes management. In addition, women who are overweight, have a history of gestational diabetes, or family history of diabetes should have a fasting glucose measured. Women who smoke should receive advice, encouragement, and assistance for smoking cessation. Postmenopausal hormone therapy should not be considered a treatment option for primary or secondary prevention of CVD. Women and their families should be advised of the possible signs of CVD and the need to seek immediate medical attention in the event of prolonged, new, or severe symptoms. Women with coronary artery disease especially need close attention to their risk factor levels and should receive intensive intervention to achieve optimal control.
Loss of sexual isolation in a hybridizing stickleback species pair

One approach to understand the importance of reproductive barriers to the speciation process is to study the break- down of barriers between formerly distinct species. One reproductive barrier, sexual isolation, reduces gene flow between species through differences in mate preferences and mating signals and is likely important for species formation and maintenance. We measure sexual isolation in two limnetic-benthic threespine stickleback species pairs (Gasterosteus spp.). One species pair main- tains strong reproductive isolation while the other species pair has recently collapsed into a hybrid swarm. We compare the strength of sexual isolation in the hybridizing pair to the currently isolated pair. We provide the first evidence that sexual isolation has been lost in the hybridizing pair and show furthermore that preferences females have for conspecific mates and the traits they use to distinguish conspecific and heterospecific males contribute to this loss. This work highlights the fragility of reproductive isolation between young species pairs and considers the role of sexual isolation in speciation (Current Zoology 59 (5): 591−603,
Proteins, Enzymes and Biological Catalysis

In their simplest form, proteins essentially comprise unbranched polymer chains formed as a result of chemical bonding that takes place between the amino acid building blocks.
Palliative Care Specialist Consultation Is Associated With Supportive Care Quality in Advanced Cancer.

Abstract Context Although recent randomized controlled trials support early palliative care for patients with advanced cancer, the specific processes of care associated with these findings and whether these improvements can be replicated in the broader health care system are uncertain. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of palliative care consultation and its association with specific processes of supportive care in a national cohort of Veterans using the Cancer Quality ASSIST (Assessing Symptoms Side Effects and Indicators of Supportive Treatment) measures. Methods We abstracted data from 719 patients' medical records diagnosed with advanced lung, colorectal, or pancreatic cancer in 2008 over a period of three years or until death who received care in the Veterans Affairs Health System to evaluate the association of palliative care specialty consultation with the quality of supportive care overall and by domain using a multivariate regression model. Results All but 54 of 719 patients died within three years and 293 received at least one palliative care consult. Patients evaluated by a palliative care specialist at diagnosis scored seven percentage points higher overall (P Conclusion Early palliative care specialist consultation is associated with better quality of supportive care in three advanced cancers, predominantly driven by improvements in information and care planning. This study supports the effectiveness of early palliative care consultation in three common advanced cancers within the Veterans Affairs Health System and provides a greater understanding of what care processes palliative care teams influence.
The Movement of Skilled Labour and Knowledge across Borders

The movement of peoples across borders influences the acquisition and transfer of skills in both apparent and indirect ways. Universities host and seek students from a wide range of countries. Companies look globally in search of the best, and perhaps cheapest, talent. Needless to say, this movement of peoples leads also to the movement of ideas, cultural expression, and norms that invigorate, but also challenge the host country.1 The movement of people to acquire and transfer skills is particularly challenging to nation-states given the global environment of competition to increase economic growth and well-being under international norms and standards.2 When harmonized and strengthened intellectual property rights are a critical part of these norms and standards, the national challenges of accommodating and controlling the movement of skilled labor require policymakers and scholars to address the normative foundations for migration and intellectual property.3
Swept-Gain Superradiance: Evolution from the Superradiant State

There are contrasts and similarities between swept-gain superradiance1 and Dicke superradiance2, and these have been discussed3,4. The main characteristics of the pulses radiated under conditions supportive of Dicke superradiance are quite similar to those predicted1 and observed5 for swept-Cain superradiance. The main distinction lies in the propagation analysis. Comparison of the conditions for observation of these two distinct phenomena was presented and discussed earlier4, for uniform, plane wave analysis.
Victimization and spillover effects in Mexico

Using several rounds of nationally representative victimization survey data, this study examines the determinants of municipality level property crime rates in Mexico and the potential effects of spatial dependence. Baseline results suggest that population size, self protection rates, and prior victimization rates are the strongest predictors of municipality level property crime. Spatial model results present statistical evidence of spatial dependence in municipality property crime rates. Different specifications suggest that property crime rates are significantly and positively related to crime rates in neighboring municipalities. These effects appear to be growing stronger in more recent years, suggesting increasing spillover effects for property crime in Mexico.
Comparison of congruence judgment and auditory localization tasks for assessing the spatial limits of visual capture

Vision typically has better spatial accuracy and precision than audition and as a result often captures auditory spatial perception when visual and auditory cues are presented together. One determinant of visual capture is the amount of spatial disparity between auditory and visual cues: when disparity is small, visual capture is likely to occur, and when disparity is large, visual capture is unlikely. Previous experiments have used two methods to probe how visual capture varies with spatial disparity. First, congruence judgment assesses perceived unity between cues by having subjects report whether or not auditory and visual targets came from the same location. Second, auditory localization assesses the graded influence of vision on auditory spatial perception by having subjects point to the remembered location of an auditory target presented with a visual target. Previous research has shown that when both tasks are performed concurrently they produce similar measures of visual capture, but this may not hold when tasks are performed independently. Here, subjects alternated between tasks independently across three sessions. A Bayesian inference model of visual capture was used to estimate perceptual parameters for each session, which were compared across tasks. Results demonstrated that the range of audiovisual disparities over which visual capture was likely to occur was narrower in auditory localization than in congruence judgment, which the model indicates was caused by subjects adjusting their prior expectation that targets originated from the same location in a task-dependent manner.
Erik Lunding, Strömungen und Strebungen der modernen Literaturwissenschaft, “Acta Jutlandica, Aarsskrift for Aarhus Universitet,” XXIV, 1, Humanistisk Serie 37: Aarhus: Universitetsforlaget, 1952. Pp. 89.

(1953). Erik Lunding, Stromungen und Strebungen der modernen Literaturwissenschaft, “Acta Jutlandica, Aarsskrift for Aarhus Universitet,” XXIV, 1, Humanistisk Serie 37. The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory: Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 300-301.
Myelopathy in Primary Spinal Epidural Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Mantle cell lymphoma was regarded as a variant of intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma that proliferated as wide mantles around non-neoplastic appearing germinal centers. It is a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma can affect the central nervous system (CNS) either primarily or with late stage when the disease behavior is aggressive and widespread.
Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy, prenatal 25(OH)D levels, race, and subsequent asthma or recurrent wheeze in offspring: Secondary analyses from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial

Background Nutrient trials differ from drug trials because participants have varying circulating levels at entry into the trial. Objective We sought to study the effect of a vitamin D intervention in pregnancy between subjects of different races and the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25[OH]D) levels in pregnancy and the risk of asthma/recurrent wheeze in offspring. Methods The Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial is a randomized trial of pregnant women at risk of having children with asthma randomized to 4400 international units/d vitamin D or placebo plus 400 international units/d vitamin D. Asthma and recurrent wheezing until age 3 years were recorded. Results African American (AA) women (n = 312) had lower initial levels of 25(OH)D (mean [SD], 17.6 ng/mL [8.3 ng/mL]) compared with non-AA women (n = 400; 27.1 ng/mL [9.7 ng/mL], P P for interaction = .77). Having an initial level of greater than 30 ng/mL and being randomized to the intervention group was associated with the lowest risk for asthma/recurrent wheeze by age 3 years compared with having an initial level of less than 20 ng/mL and receiving placebo (adjusted odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19-0.91). Conclusions We did not find differences between AA and non-AA mothers in the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation and asthma/recurrent wheeze in offspring at 3 years. Maternal supplementation of vitamin D, particularly in mothers with initial 25(OH)D levels of greater than 30 ng/mL, reduced asthma/recurrent wheeze in the offspring through age 3 years, suggesting that higher vitamin D status beginning in early pregnancy is necessary for asthma/recurrent wheeze prevention in early life.
Addressing metabolic heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

460Background: Dysregulated lipid and glucose metabolism has been implicated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression. Pre-operative tissue-based assessment of tumor metabolic alterations is challenging due to the characteristic heterogeneity of ccRCC. Non-invasive prediction of metabolic alterations in the whole tumor with an imaging method would be appealing for optimal patient management and possibly selection of targeted neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: In this IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant study, 43 patients (34 M, 9 F) with pathologically confirmed primary ccRCC underwent pre-surgical MRI to quantify whole-tumor intra-tumoral lipid accumulation (% fat fraction, FF) and tumor enhancement (% enhancement) with Dixon-based MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, respectively. All patients signed informed consent. Quantitative MRI measures were also obtained from targeted regions of interest within tumors and correlated to lipid accumulation (Oil Red O, ORO) and mass spectrometry-based lipidomi...
Distinct histopathologic features of radiation‐induced chronic sinusitis

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a commonly observed sequela after radiation therapy to the paranasal sinuses. The histopathologic features of radiation-induced CRS have yet to be determined and may have major implications in disease management. Methods A structured histopathology report was utilized to analyze sinus tissue removed during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Histopathology variables, Lund-Mackay score (LMS), and 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) scores were compared among patients with radiation-induced CRS (CRSr), CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Results Fifteen CRSr, 43 CRSsNP, and 56 CRSwNP patients who underwent FESS were analyzed. Compared with CRSsNP, CRSr cases had increased squamous metaplasia (40.0% vs 9.3%, p < 0.013) and subepithelial edema (53.3% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.001). Compared with CRSwNP, CRSr cases had fewer eosinophils per high-power field (20.0% vs 50.0%, p < 0.034), less basement membrane thickening (33.3% vs 76.8%, p < 0.002), and fewer eosinophil aggregates (0.0% vs 30.4%, p < 0.009). CRSr had significantly greater mean LMS (13.47 ± 5.13 vs 7.07 ± 4.79, p < 0.001) compared with CRSsNP. Conclusion Radiation-induced CRS patients exhibited greater squamous metaplasia and subepithelial edema when compared with a cohort of patients with CRSsNP, and decreased eosinophilia and basement membrane thickening compared with a cohort of CRSwNP patients. CRSr cases demonstrated no difference in eosinophilia or neutrophilia compared with CRSsNP, and decreased eosinophilia compared with CRSwNP, lending further credence to the unique nature of radiation in the development of CRS in this patient group. These findings may have major implications with regard to extent of surgical intervention and medical management.
Prevalence of Anemia 10 Years After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in a Single Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

This database review evaluates the prevalence of anemia 10 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and whether bariatric follow-up influences anemia rates in a population of veterans.
Effects of moisture absorption on damage progression and strength of unidirectional and cross-ply fiberglass–epoxy composites

Abstract. Fiber-reinforced-polymer composites (FRPs) possess superior mechanical properties and formability, making them a desirable material for construction of large optimized mechanical structures, such as aircraft, wind turbines, and marine hydrokinetic (MHK) devices. However, exposure to harsh marine environments can result in moisture absorption into the microstructure of the FRPs comprising these structures and often degrading mechanical properties. Specifically, laminate static and fatigue strengths are often significantly reduced, which must be considered in design of FRP structures in marine environments. A study of fiberglass epoxy unidirectional and cross-ply laminates was conducted to investigate hygrothermal effects on the mechanical behavior of a common material system used in wind applications. Several laminates were aged in 50 ∘ C distilled water until maximum saturation was reached. Unconditioned control and the saturated samples were tested in quasi-static tension with the accompaniment of acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. Cross-ply laminates experienced a 54 % reduction in strength due to moisture absorption, while unidirectional laminate strengths were reduced by 40 %. Stress–strain curves and AE activity of the samples were analyzed to identify changes in damage progression due to aging.
Netmetrics: Exploring Estimation Bias, Efficiency and Inference in Partial Political Networks

Advanced analytics are an integral inferential component for knowledge discovery and dissemination. We employ network metrics on relational variables of interest to control for econometric estimation bias, inefficiency and inferential problems from non-spherical, network induced disturbances in sampled, unknown political networks. Our analysis follows a two-step procedure to establish a conceptual baseline and then integrate real-world data and questions pertinent for statistical inference. First, artificial networks are generated using two well-known graph models, Erdos-Renyi and Barabasi-Albert. Simulated, synthetic data is created across a range of graph sizes with multiple node-level network attributes and estimation bias at different sample sizes. This gives a picture of bias, efficiency and consistency across network metrics, controlling for varied true-population sampling ratios. Second, we generate artificial networks across a broad range of graph model types compared to real networks from Correlates of War dyadic trade data. We then examine the consistency of each chosen metric across a wider range of possible network-creation processes. This information is visualized against one known and one potentially unknown statistic, R2 and node sample size. Our unique approach provides analytical and estimative insights for opaque and dynamic real world political networks with strategic, adaptive human behavior.
A District-Wide Qualitative Study of Yoga in the Schools: Outcomes and Challenges

Yoga programs to enhance student well-being are being integrated into school settings at increasing rates. Addressing the issues and challenges of implementing yoga programs in schools is essential for effective program delivery and outcomes. Prior literature has identified the need for further qualitative research from major stakeholders that sheds light on these challenges. For this study, researchers interviewed school personnel and affiliates (N = 32) at an elementary school district in California. Data was analyzed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Through an iterative process, two core constructs and their major themes and subthemes emerged: district level rollout and tips for districts. Under district level rollout, major themes included: initial phase of district-wide yoga program implementation; practical aspects of yoga implementation; creation of yoga curriculum; delivery of yoga implementation challenges; district climate regarding yoga program; opting out of yoga; upper grade and gender challenges; and parent concerns. Under tips for districts, themes identified actionable practices useful for districts considering implementing yoga. Overall, findings of this study detail the outcomes and challenges of the implementation of a district-wide yoga program and provide recommendations for development of yoga programs in schools. Suggestions for future research and limitations of this study are discussed.
iDetector: automate underground forum analysis based on heterogeneous information network

Online underground forums have been widely used by cybercriminals to trade the illicit products, resources and services, which have played a central role in the cybercrim-inal ecosystem. Unfortunately, due to the number of forums, their size, and the expertise required, it's infeasible to perform manual exploration to understand their behavioral processes. In this paper, we propose a novel framework named iDetector to automate the analysis of underground forums for the detection of cybercrime-suspected threads. In iDetector, to detect whether the given threads are cybercrime-suspected threads, we not only analyze the content in the threads, but also utilize the relations among threads, users, replies, and topics. To model this kind of rich semantic relationships (i.e., thread-user, thread-reply, thread-topic, reply-user and reply-topic relations), we introduce a structured heterogeneous information network (HIN) for representation, which is capable to be composed of different types of entities and relations. To capture the complex relationships (e.g., two threads are relevant if they were posted by the same user and discussed the same topic), we use a meta-structure based approach to characterize the semantic relatedness over threads. As different meta-structures depict the relatedness over threads at different views, we then build a classifier using Laplacian scores to aggregate different similarities formulated by different meta-structures to make predictions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to use structural HIN to automate underground forum analysis. Comprehensive experiments on real data collections from underground forums (e.g., Hack Forums) are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our developed system iDetector in cybercrime-suspected thread detection by comparisons with other alternative methods.
PAP Therapy is Challenging for Epilepsy Patients (P1.285)

Objective: Investigate whether epilepsy patients with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are more likely to be nonadherent to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy than adults with OSA but without epilepsy. Background: OSA is common in epilepsy patients, and treatment adherence issues are confronted daily. PAP adherence may be even more challenging for epilepsy patients than those who are healthy, but this has not been examined systematically. Design/Methods: This study included 19 epilepsy patients diagnosed with OSA and a group of 19 control subjects who did not have epilepsy but were matched for age, sex, and severity of OSA. All participants started PAP treatment, and subject’s adherence was continuously recorded electronically, including hours and days of use, pressure received, and any residual respiratory events. Comparisons were made at 1-month, 3-month, and 1-year following PAP initiation, and predictors to poor adherence were evaluated. Results: Patients with epilepsy were less adherent to PAP than OSA control subjects during the 1-year follow-up period, although the difference in compliance rates was most robust at 1-month (37% vs 74%, p =0.02). During this first month interval, average PAP use was lower in epilepsy patients (4.7 ± 2.2 hours) relative to controls (6.0 ± 1.0 hours, p =0.02). Despite PAP use, epilepsy patients showed on average a higher residual apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) at all study endpoints and were five times more likely than controls to have residual AHI ≥ 5. However, no clinical characteristics could significantly predict poor PAP adherence in patients. Conclusions: Epilepsy patients are less likely to be adherent to PAP therapy, as compared to adults with OSA. Moreover, PAP therapy could not sufficiently reduce AHI in up to 70% of patients. These findings highlight the need for careful monitoring of PAP use in epilepsy patients, as untreated OSA may worsen seizure burden. Study Supported by: Canadian Institutes of Health Research (scholarship). Disclosure: Dr. Latreille has nothing to disclose. Dr Bubrick has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pavlova has nothing to disclose.
Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux

Reflux disease can be overt (with vomiting) or silent. A range of symptoms affecting the aero-digestive tract can be attributed to GORD. This chapter highlights that range of symptoms and the range of associated medical conditions that lead to GORD. Treatment involves considering associated cow’s milk allergy in young infants and treatment with antacids.
Students’ problem behaviors and teachers’ warmth and demand as predictors of students’ classroom instructional experiences in first grade

Abstract The present study utilized both classroom- and student-level observation methods to investigate the relations among first grade students’ (N = 533) problem behaviors and their classroom instructional experiences. Additionally, the role of teachers’ (N = 57) warm demander characteristic, a combination of warmth and responsiveness and classroom control and demand, was considered. Multilevel modeling revealed a positive association between problem behaviors and student time in both teacher-facilitated small-group instruction and off-task, and to less time in types of instruction where students were expected to manage themselves. Interaction effects further indicated that the positive association between problem behaviors and time in teacher-facilitated, small-group instruction only existed when students with more problem behaviors were in classrooms with teachers who were high or average in warm demander characteristic, whereas the opposite pattern existed for students of teachers low in warm demander characteristic. In addition, students of teachers who were high in warm demander characteristic spent less time in disruption/waiting (a main effect), and for these students a positive association between problem behaviors and students’ time in disruption/waiting existed (an interaction effect). Implications for policy, practice, and future research are discussed.