cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Label and Device Recommendations for Over-the-Counter Pediatric Liquid Medications

OBJECTIVE: To reduce dosing errors when administering orally ingested over-the-counter liquid medications, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Consumer Healthcare Products Association released voluntary recommendations for dosing directions and dosing devices. This study assessed recommendation adherence for national brand name orally ingested over-the-counter liquid pediatric analgesics/antipyretics and cough, cold, and allergy medications available after the FDA guidance was finalized in 2011 to identify and prioritize specific improvements to dosing directions and devices. METHODS: Recommendations were categorized as top tier or low tier based on potential to directly address ≥3-fold dosing errors. Two independent reviewers assessed dosing directions and accompanying dosing devices for adherence to recommendations. RESULTS: Of 68 products, 91% of dosing directions and 62% of dosing devices adhered to all top tier recommendations; 57% of products adhered to every top tier recommendation, and 93% adhered to all or all but one. A dosing device was included with all products. No dosing directions used atypical volumetric units (eg, drams), and no devices used volumetric units that did not appear in dosing directions. Six products used trailing zeros or failed to use leading zeros with decimal doses; eight did not use small font for fractions. Product adherence to low tier recommendations ranged from 26% to 91%. CONCLUSIONS: Products adhered to most recommendations in the final FDA guidance and Consumer Healthcare Products Association guideline, suggesting that these voluntary initiatives promote adherence to recommendations. Improving adherence to recommendations should be prioritized based on potential to reduce harm.
TimeFrequency Analysis Methids with Biomedical Applications

Brimming with top articles from experts in signal processing and biomedical engineering, Time Frequency and Wavelets in Biomedical Signal Processing introduces time-frequency, time-scale, wavelet transform methods, and their applications in biomedical signal processing. This edited volume incorporates the most recent developments in the field to illustrate thoroughly how the use of these time-frequency methods is currently improving the quality of medical diagnosis, including technologies for assessing pulmonary and respiratory conditions, EEGs, hearing aids, MRIs, mammograms, X rays, evoked potential signals analysis, neural networks applications, among other topics. Time Frequency and Wavelets in Biomedical Signal Processing will be of particular interest to signal processing engineers, biomedical engineers, and medical researchers. Topics covered include: Time-frequency analysis methods and biomedical applications Wavelets, wavelet packets, and matching pursuits and biomedical applications Wavelets and medical imaging Wavelets, neural networks, and fractals
Substitution Rates Under Stabilizing Selection

Allelic substitutions under stabilizing phenotypic selection on quantitative traits are studied in Monte Carlo simulations of 8 and 16 loci. The results are compared and contrasted to analytical models based on work of M. Kimura for two and "infinite" loci. Selection strengths of S = 4Nes approximately four (which correspond to reasonable strengths of selection for quantitative characters) can retard substitution rates tenfold relative to rates under neutrality. An important finding is a strong dependence of per locus substitution rates on the number of loci.
Facile fabrication of aloe vera containing PCL nanofibers for barrier membrane application.

AbstractGuided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a widely used method in dental surgical procedures that utilizes a barrier membrane to exclude migration of epithelium and ensure repopulation of periodontal ligament cells at the sites having insufficient gingiva. Commercial GTR membranes are typically composed of synthetic polymers that have had mild clinical success mostly because of their lack of proper bioactivity and appropriate degradation profile. In this study, a natural polymer, aloe vera was blended with polycaprolactone (PCL) to create nanofibrous GTR membranes by electrospinning. Aloe vera has proven anti-inflammatory properties and enhances the regeneration of periodontium tissues. PCL, a synthetic polymer, is well known to produce miscible polyblends nanofibers with natural polymers. Nanofibrous membranes with varying composition of PCL to aloe vera were fabricated, and several physicochemical and biological properties, such as fiber morphology, wettability, chemical structure, mechanical strength...
Predicting Pecan Nut Casebearer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Activity at College Station, Texas

A model to predict pupation, adult emergence, and oviposition of the overwintering generation, and hatch and nut entry by larvae of the first summer generation of pecan nut casebearer, Acrobasis nuxvorella Nuenzig, was developed from an existing data base reported by S. W. Bilsing. Degree-days were calculated, by starting accumulations on a range of days from 1 January to 30 April in 1-day increments, using a base temperature ranging from −17.2 to 21. 1°C in 0.56°C increments, using the formula of average daily temperature – base temperature from the start day to the observed event. Comparisons resulting from various start days and base temperatures were made by using the root mean square error of observed – predicted events in days. The final model used a start day of 12 March and a base temperature of 3.3°C, and predictions of biological events for pecan nut casebearer during 1979 through 1981 were superior to those based on the average calendar date for these events at College Station, Tex.
Experimental Study on Static Electricity Meter Performance with the Permanent Magnet

To suppress the use of all kinds of magnetic interference electric energy meter for stealing electricity,this paper analyzes the permanent magnet character captured from the suspect in the lab conditions and the interferential test is carried on static electricity meters which are used widely with these magnets.Experiments show that the permanent magnet for electric energy metering performance have a great effect.On the basis of experiments,the electric energy meter is developed,which can detect a constant magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field interference and has the real time alarm function.The meter has ran for more than a year to get great benefits.
The Charismatic Body Politics of President Putin

Vladimir Putin's image and brand make sophisticated, culturally embedded use of his biography, martial arts expertise, and idiolect, with his physical self strongly privileged in the modes of his self-presentation. As a politically marketable product, his public persona enjoyed broad appeal among Russian voters in the period 2000–2011, when he and his United Russia party operated in an electorally uncompetitive environment. Since the urban protests of 2011–2012, Russia's political scene has become much more dynamic. Having initially configured himself as a charismatic leader whose very body symbolized a new and confident Russia, during his third presidential term, which began in 2012, Putin finds himself facing new presentational challenges that he may or may not be equipped to meet.
Perceptual Motor and Sensory Integrative Therapy for Learning Disabilities

The effects of sensory integrative therapy (SI), perceptual motor training (PM) and no treatment (NT) were compared in 103 children with learning disabilities at the Department of Paediatrics, Division of Neurology and Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada.
Quasiclassical Model of Impurity Shielding by Quantum Plasma in Magnetic Field

A “quasiclassical model” of the quantum plasma in a magnetic field is discussed here. This model is predicated on the assumption that the internal dynamics of the quantum plasma are essentially classical: However, the distribution function which weights statistical averages is taken to be the appropriate quantum distribution function which takes account of both the Pauli principle and Landau quantization of energy levels in a magnetic field.
Racial Differences in Aortic Stiffness in Children

Objective To investigate racial differences in central blood pressure and vascular structure/function as subclinical markers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in children. Study design This cross-sectional study recruited 54 African American children (18 female, 36 male; age 10.5 ± 0.9 years) and 54 white children (27 female, 26 male; age 10.8 ± 0.9 years) from the Syracuse City community as part of the Environmental Exposures and Child Health Outcomes study. Participants underwent blood lipid and vascular testing on 2 separate days. Carotid artery intima-media thickness and aortic stiffness were measured by ultrasonography and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, respectively. Blood pressure was assessed at the brachial artery and estimated in the carotid artery using applanation tonometry. Results African American children had significantly higher pulse wave velocity (4.8 ± 0.8 m/s) compared with white children (4.2 ± 0.7 m/s; P P Conclusions Racial differences in aortic stiffness are present in childhood. Our findings suggest that racial differences in subclinical cardiovascular disease occur earlier than previously recognized.
Sound Studies and Music Education

This article explores how sound studies, an interdisciplinary field that draws upon the social sciences and the humanities in researching a broad array of topics related to sound and music, holds promise for research in music education. Defining the field using recent publications, it discusses the varied disciplines that contribute to sound studies. Key texts are reviewed, with a focus on methodological models and conclusions of importance to music educators. Three questions concerning the value and importance of establishing connections between sound studies and music education are addressed: First, in what ways can music educators benefit by engaging with sound studies? Second, in what ways can sound studies benefit by embracing music educators? Third, what might music educators contribute to sound studies? After detailing some recent publications that reconnect music education with sound studies, the article proposes ways for music education and sound studies to enhance educational practice.
OrpheusDB: A Lightweight Approach to Relational Dataset Versioning

We demonstrate OrpheusDB, a lightweight approach to versioning of relational datasets. OrpheusDB is built as a thin layer on top of standard relational databases, and therefore inherits much of their benefits while also compactly storing, tracking, and recreating dataset versions on demand. OrpheusDB also supports a range of querying modalities spanning both SQL and git-style version commands. Conference attendees will be able to interact with OrpheusDB via an interactive version browser interface. The demo will highlight underlying design decisions of OrpheusDB, and provide an understanding of how OrpheusDB translates versioning commands into commands understood by a database system that is unaware of the presence of versions. OrpheusDB has been developed as open-source software; code is available at http://orpheus-db.github.io.
The 'Gift' of Liberty: Testamentary Manumission in New Jersey - 1791-1805

This paper explores the process of manumission by will in Early Republic New Jersey between 1791 and 1805. The paper reviews the legal mechanisms available for manumission in New Jersey during this period, and places New Jersey's manumission process in context with its sister states of New York and Pennsylvania. The primary focus of the paper is a detailed analysis of the various schemes of manumission employed by testators, as well as geographical and gender differences in detecting patterns for manumission.
Particle-Size-Dependent Triboelectric Charging in Single-Component Granular Materials: Role of Humidity

We carry out experiments to investigate the triboelectric charging due only to particle–particle collisions as a function of humidity. At low humidity, we find that large particles tend to charge positive and small particles tend to charge negative, in agreement with previous studies. However, at high humidity, we find no significant particle-size dependence for the particle charging. To explain these results, we apply a theoretical model based on charge carriers trapped in nonequilibrium surface states characteristic of electrically insulating materials. Monte Carlo simulations show that collisions between particles enable the charge carriers to reach lower energy states on other particles. These nonequilibrium dynamics lead to an accumulation of charge carriers on small particles, and if the charge carriers are negative (electrons or negative ions), the small particles would tend to charge negatively. We propose that humidity leads to conductive layers on the surface of particles that act as a sink for ...
Genomic And Systems Biological Methods In Psychiatry

Abstract Advances in technology have facilitated genome-wide analysis of genetic variants associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia (SCZ), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability. These findings have revealed a complex multi-factorial pattern of risk, with common variants, rare variants, and de novo mutations in up to 1,000 genes being responsible for the observed phenotypes. Furthermore, few, if any, of these factors are fully penetrant complicating analysis in model organisms. Translating these known genetic risk factors into an understanding of neuropathology presents a major challenge. One strategy to overcome this hurdle is to consider how the genetic risk factors converge on biological functions in the human brain through systems analyses. Successful examples of this method include highlighting the importance of synaptic pruning in SCZ and the role of glutamatergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex during mid-fetal development in ASD. To perform these systems analyses students need to develop bioinformatics, genomic, and statistical skills to handle large datasets and appropriately evaluate them in the context of psychiatric disorders. We propose to teach methods of data analysis including exome sequencing, RNA sequencing and ChIP sequencing, and systems analysis including experimental design, identifying suitable datasets and appropriate statistical tools. The session will also include examples that the students can access to gain familiarity with these important methods. Educational Objectives 1) Best practices in exome sequencing analysis, RNA-Seq, ChIP-Seq 2) To be able to evaluate the quality of data sets used as an input for systems biological analyses 3) Estimate of the power required for the different genomic analyses 4) Common methods of systems analysis 5) Best practices to avoid spurious results in systems analysis
The Inference Problem and Pervasive Computing

The promise of pervasive computing systems, which flood an environment with sensors and smart devices, has been diminished by an inability to adequately address privacy concerns. Measurements of privacy demonstrate a high level of public concern, yet designers of pervasive computing systems do not find these measurements relevant to the use of their systems. This has led designers to distrust reports of privacy unease. A potential solution to this impasse may be found in a privacy condition from the data mining literature known as the inference problem. The inference problem occurs in data mining when confidential information can be derived by released data. Privacy issues within pervasive computing systems are most acute when they involve a variation of the inference problem. This paper will discuss methods used in data mining to limit the inference problem, and discuss their application to pervasive computing. Finally, a research agenda will suggest how to identify instances of the inference problem within pervasive computing systems.
Microwave sintering of metal powders

Abstract: This chapter deals with an overview and current status of the application of microwave energy to the processing of metallic materials for various applications including steel making. The chapter especially focuses on the sintering aspect of some important selected metal powders. Microwave energy has emerged as the most versatile form of energy applicable to numerous diverse fields: communication, chemistry, rubber vulcanization, drying, food processing, medical treatment and diagnosis, and a variety of materials processing fields. The latest application of microwave energy has been to the sintering of metallic powders very effectively. In the last few years many researchers have reported sintering, melting, joining and brazing of metallic materials.
The US News Media, Polarization on Climate Change, and Pathways to Effective Communication

The news media are a central source of information about climate change for most people. Through frames, media transmit information that shape how people understand climate change as well as the ac...
Manipulating the one-dimensional topological edge state of Bi bilayer nanoribbons via magnetic orientation and electric field

Despite the superiority of two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs) over their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts in various aspects and the essential distinction between them in structural symmetry, the variation of the topological one-dimensional (1D) edge states upon magnetic interaction and their application for spintronic devices have not been sufficiently illuminated. Here, we reveal that 1D edge states of 2D TIs have a unique magnetic response never observed in 2D surface states of 3D TIs, and using this exotic nature we propose a way to utilize the spin-polarized channel for spintronic applications. We investigate the effects of width and magnetic decoration on the 1D topological edge state of Bi bilayer nanoribbons (BNRs). Through the Zak phase, we find that the zero-energy states are enforced at the magnetic domain boundaries in the Cr-decorated BNR and directly examine their robustness using short-range magnetic domain structures. We also demonstrate that 1D edge states of BNRs can be selectively and reversibly controlled by the combination of magnetic reorientation and electric field without compromising their structural integrity. Our work provides a fundamental understanding of 1D topological edge states and shows the opportunity of using these features in spintronic devices.
Self-Assembled Peptide and Protein Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications

Abstract Spontaneous organization of small-molecule building blocks into highly ordered structures, commonly referred to as “self-assembly,” is receiving increasing interest for fabricating functional biomaterials. Self-assembly is ubiquitous in nature. Understanding the molecular interactions that mediate self-assembly in nature enables rational design of synthetic biomolecules, which can organize into biomaterials with specific nanoscale arcitechtures. In this chapter, we survey recent advances in designing peptides and proteins that self-assemble into high-aspect ratio fibers with nanoscale features.
Tipping Points of Diehards in Social Consensus on Large Random Networks

We introduce the homogeneous pair approximation to the Naming Game (NG) model, establish a six dimensional ODE for the two-word NG. Our ODE reveals how the dynamical behavior of the NG changes with respect to the average degree of an uncorrelated network and shows a good agreement with the numerical results.We also extend the model to the committed agent case and show the shift of the tipping point on sparse networks.
Filters to estimate water storage variations from GRACE

We examine the problem of obtaining average surface mass load changes in a local area (for example, water content in a river basin) from time-variable Stokes coefficients available from the GRACE mission. A basin function is unity inside a defined geographical region, and zero outside, and can be represented exactly only if Stokes Coefficients of all degrees and orders are available. GRACE Stokes coefficients will contain errors that generally increase with degree, and will be of limited degree range, perhaps to 100 or so. Load variations within a basin should be estimated by minimizing some quantity that accounts for both GRACE measurement error, and leakage error, associated with a finite degree range. To understand this problem, we use Fourier series, the 1-D equivalent to spherical harmonics. The solution of this problem is not unique, and we examine several different approaches. We use Monte Carlo experiments to test the performance of various methods derived. Time series of gridded soil moisture, snow, ocean bottom pressure, atmospheric surface pressure and Gaussian random noise are utilized in an experiment to recover load variations within the Nile basin.
Secure Authentication Scheme Using Dual Channels in Rogue Access Point Environments

The ubiquitous deployment of Rogue Access Points (RAPs) presents security issues in Wireless LAN (WLAN) environments. Therefore, authentication plays a crucial role in protecting mobile users in WLAN communications. Some implementations of the existing wireless authentication schemes rely on weak authentication methods such as a username and password. Other vulnerable implementations of wireless authentication schemes do not resist rogue access point attacks such as man-in-the-middle attacks and phishing attacks. In addition, the risk of these attacks is high since they could cause sensitive information disclosure for mobile users. In this paper, we introduce a new authentication scheme using mutual authentication that leverages two different communication channels to thwart various attacks. Our scheme uses a novel approach based on dual channels that add an extra security level to the authentication process. The proposed scheme utilizes the idea of Call before visiting which could prevent many different security attacks. This paper argues that the proposed design mitigates or removes several popular security attacks that are claimed to be effective in the existing wireless authentication schemes. Furthermore, the proposed method does not require any major modification in the wireless network architecture or any computational device to be used and deployed.
Glucose kinetics and hepatic gluconeogenesis in ketotic and fasted steers

Both 1,3-butanediol, which causes ketonemia, and phlorizin, which induces glucosuria, were given to steers in an attempt to simulate lactation ketosis and to determine effects of ketonemia and glucosuria on plasma metabolite concentrations and on kinetics of glucose metabolism. Four steers received four treatments (control; 1,3-butanediol mixed with the control ration; control plus phlorizin given by subcutaneous injection; and control plus 1,3-butanediol and phlorizin) in a Latin square design. Each treatment lasted 14 days. All steers received a 30% grain, 70% forage ration in equal portions at 2-h intervals. Plasma and urine metabolite concentrations and kinetics of glucose metabolism were measured on each of the last 3 days of each treatment period. Carbon-14 glucose, given by single injection, was used to measure glucose kinetics. Compared with controls, 1,3-butanediol increased glucose pool size. Phlorizin caused glucosuria, decreased plasma glucose, increased plasma free fatty acids, increased glucose irreversible loss, decreased glucose total entry rate, and decreased glucose recycling. Treatment with 1,3-butanediol plus phlorizin caused glucosuria and ketonuria, decreased plasma glucose, increased blood ketone
Immunological activities associated with milk.

Milk is a complex biological fluid which has been viewed primarily as a food that provides energy and essential nutrients for optimal health, growth and development of the young mammal. However, it is now realized that milk also contains a variety of bioactive components, usually occurring in small quantities, that includes a mix of cells, bioactive proteins, hormones, growth factors, and other immunological factors. Typically, these immunological components are found in greater concentrations in colostrum and early milk and in decreasing concentrations throughout the course of lactation. It is, of course, not coincidental that these longitudinal changes in the levels of immunoactive compounds parallel the development of the immune system of the newborn animal, which is functionally immature at birth and undergoes extensive differentiation and reorganization during the early postnatal period (Xanthou, 1993). For example, levels of complement components, neutrophil activity, macrophage activation by interferon-y, production of secretory IgA (sIgA), numbers of T cells displaying the CD45RO effector/memory phenotype and production of IgG antibody to T cell-dependent immunogens all are low during early infancy (Chhedaet al. 1996; Goldmanet al. 1998). In addition, relative to adults, newborn infants produce lower quantities of cytokines, e.g., granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interleukin(IL)-3 IL-4, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)- α Consequently, the capacity of infants to respond to an infectious challenge is low, and provision of immune and immunomodulating factors by way be critical to the health and survival of the newborn offspring.
Community profiling of the urinary microbiota: considerations for low-biomass samples

Many studies have shown that the urinary tract harbours its own microbial community known as the urinary microbiota, which have been implicated in urinary tract disorders. This observation contradicts the long-held notion that urine is a sterile biofluid in the absence of acute infection of the urinary tract. In light of this new discovery, many basic questions that are crucial for understanding the role of the urinary microbiota in human health and disease remain unanswered. Given that the urinary microbiota is an emerging area of study, optimized techniques and protocols to identify microorganisms in the urinary tract are still being established. However, the low microbial biomass and close proximity to higher microbial biomass environments (for example, the vagina) present distinct methodological challenges for microbial community profiling of the urinary microbiota. A clear understanding of the unique technical considerations for obtaining and analysing low microbial biomass samples, as well the influence of key elements of experimental design and computational analysis on downstream interpretation, will improve our ability to interpret and compare results across methods and studies and is relevant for studies profiling the urinary microbiota and other sites of low microbial abundance.
A First Report of Shell Disease Impacting Cancer borealis (Jonah Crab) in the Bay of Fundy

Abstract Several shell diseases are impacting a variety of decapod crustaceans in southern New England, but have rarely been reported in the colder waters of the eastern Gulf of Maine. Here we document a possible outbreak of shell disease impacting Cancer borealis (Jonah Crab) on Kent Island, NB, Canada. On low tides of 31 August 31–3 September 2017 we found hundreds of Jonah Crabs stranded above the tide line and resting on top of the dense canopies of fucoid algae. Closer inspection of exoskeletons revealed the clinical signs of classical shell disease: dark circular patches and lesions that penetrated the cuticle. A sample of 30 stranded Jonah Crabs revealed that 28 (93%) were adult females. On the next low tide, we found the same pattern of exposed Jonah Crabs and observed numerous instances of Larus smithsonianus (Herring Gull) predation. Continuous monitoring of shallow-water temperatures over the last 3 years revealed that average daily summer temperatures have been regularly exceeding a shell-dise...
CHAPTER 142 – Regulation of Intracellular Calcium through Hydrogen Peroxide

The changes in Ca 2+ homeostasis need not be entirely due to the modification of Ca 2+ transporters (channels, pumps, and exchangers) but may also arise indirectly from the modification of other proteins. Candidates for such modification include protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and PTEN. H 2 O 2 production, as a result of normal metabolism, environmental factors, and ligand-receptor interactions, is generally associated with an increase in cytoplasmic Ca 2+ concentration. This Ca 2+ increase can be attributed partly to the fact that H 2 O 2 causes selective oxidization of certain reactive cysteine residues of the ryanodine receptor and the inositol (1,4,5)P 3 receptor, leading to enhanced Ca 2+ channel activity of these two receptors. The Ca 2+ elevation may also arise indirectly from inactivation of protein tyrosine phosphatase and PTEN, both of which contain an essential cysteine residue that is especially sensitive to H 2 O 2 -dependent oxidation.
Betting with house money: reverse line movement based strategies in college football totals markets

This article tests the efficient market hypothesis and the profitability of a simple betting strategies in NCAA college football. We examine all games that have a total, or over/under, from September 2005 through January 2016. We investigate whether betting based on “reverse line movement” in an effort to follow the actions of “sharps,” or professional bettors, is profitable over the time period. We find that, in general, following reverse line movement is not a profitable strategy with regard to the totals markets in college football.
The Joint Counterterrorism Awareness Workshop Series (JCTAWS): Integrating disciplines for enhanced capabilities during a complex coordinated attack.

Evolving threats, such as Complex Coordinated Terrorist Attacks (CCTAs) and other High-Threat Active Violence Incidents, require a comprehensive “Whole of Community” approach to enhance readiness within the emergency management mission. Engaging all community stakeholders, inclusive of the private sector, public safety organizations, and the health and healthcare communities, is essential for risk reduction by preventing and limiting consequences from such critical incidents. The Joint Counterterrorism Awareness Workshop Series (JCTAWS) is a unique interdisciplinary table-top exercise sponsored by the Department of Homeland Security/Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and National Counterterrorism Center, and is designed to test plans and capabilities surrounding a CCTA. JCTAWS focuses on response integration between and across disciplines and jurisdictions. The workshop stimulates participant identification of best practices and gaps so that plans can be refined and resources realigned to improve response coordination for CCTAs.
Mining Disaggregase Sequence Space to Safely Counter TDP-43, FUS, and α-Synuclein Proteotoxicity.

Hsp104 is an AAA+ protein disaggregase, which can be potentiated via diverse mutations in its autoregulatory middle domain (MD) to mitigate toxic misfolding of TDP-43, FUS, and α-synuclein implicated in fatal neurodegenerative disorders. Problematically, potentiated MD variants can exhibit off-target toxicity. Here, we mine disaggregase sequence space to safely enhance Hsp104 activity via single mutations in nucleotide-binding domain 1 (NBD1) or NBD2. Like MD variants, NBD variants counter TDP-43, FUS, and α-synuclein toxicity and exhibit elevated ATPase and disaggregase activity. Unlike MD variants, non-toxic NBD1 and NBD2 variants emerge that rescue TDP-43, FUS, and α-synuclein toxicity. Potentiating substitutions alter NBD1 residues that contact ATP, ATP-binding residues, or the MD. Mutating the NBD2 protomer interface can also safely ameliorate Hsp104. Thus, we disambiguate allosteric regulation of Hsp104 by several tunable structural contacts, which can be engineered to spawn enhanced therapeutic disaggregases with minimal off-target toxicity.
Collision Induced Far Infrared Absorption in Argon-Helium Mixtures and Nitrogen at High Pressure

The simplest kind of collision induced far infrared absorption occurs for binary mixtures of rare gases, such as for instance, in an equimolar mixture of argon and helium. In collisions of such unlike atoms, under high pressures for instance, the respective electron clouds of the atoms are deformed and an induced dipole moment persists during the time the two atoms are sufficiently close to each other. The presence of this dipole moment leads to a strong far infrared absorption which is associated with pure translational transitions and this was first reported on by Bosomworth and Gush [1] for various inert gas mixtures.
Identification and expression patterns ofkif3az during the zebrafish embryonic development

I am reporting the identdficiation, expression patterns, and possible biological functions of zebrafishkif3a (kif3az) encoding 116 aminoacids. Kif3az contains various domains, such asthe kinesin motor domain, catalytic domain, KISc domain, and two coiled coil domain. Phylogenic analysis shows that kif3az shares high homology with the amphibian andmammalian homologues, suggesting that it is anevolutionary well conserved gene playing an essential biological role. Spatiotemporal expression studiesofkif3az found that itwas expressed maternally and zygotically.kif3az transcripts were evenly distributedin the blastomeres at 2-cellstage. Its ubiquitous expression throughouttheblastomerescontinuedtill40% epiboly. However,kif3az transcripts became restricted to the shield area,the structure corresponding toSpemann’s organizer of Xenopus embryos. At 80% epiboly stage, its transcripts were present in the distal forerunner cells.kif3az transcripts were found in Kupffer’s vesicle of the embryos at tailbud and 6 somite stages. At 13 somite stage,kif3az transcripts were present in the telencephalon,diencephalon, trigeminal placode, and somites. Such expression pattern was intensified in the telencephalon, diencephalons, hind brain, pronephric ducts, optic vesicles, and spinal cord neurons in the 23 somite stage embryos, and last till 24 hpf. I discussed possible functions of Kif3az in the vertebrate embryonic development.
Single muscle fibre contractile characteristics with lifelong endurance exercise.

KEY POINTS A hallmark trait of ageing skeletal muscle health is a reduction in size and function, which is most pronounced in the fast muscle fibres. We studied older men (74 ± 4 years) with a history of lifelong (>50 years) endurance exercise to examine potential benefits for slow and fast muscle fibre size and contractile function. Lifelong endurance exercisers had slow muscle fibres that were larger, stronger, faster and more powerful than young exercisers (25 ± 1 years) and age-matched non-exercisers (75 ± 2 years). Limited benefits with lifelong endurance exercise were noted in the fast muscle fibres. These findings suggest that additional exercise modalities (e.g. resistance exercise) or other therapeutic interventions are needed to target fast muscle fibres with age. ABSTRACT We investigated single muscle fibre size and contractile function among three groups of men: lifelong exercisers (LLE) (n = 21, 74 ± 4 years), old healthy non-exercisers (OH) (n = 10, 75 ± 2 years) and young exercisers (YE) (n = 10, 25 ± 1 years). On average, LLE had exercised ∼5 days week-1 for ∼7 h week-1 over the past 53 ± 6 years. LLE were subdivided based on lifelong exercise intensity into performance (LLE-P) (n = 14) and fitness (LLE-F) (n = 7). Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were examined for myosin heavy chain (MHC) slow (MHC I) and fast (MHC IIa) fibre size and function (strength, speed, power). LLE MHC I size (7624 ± 2765 μm2 ) was 25-40% larger (P LLE > YE; P < 0.05) in normalized power among OH (16.7 ± 6.4 W L-1 ), LLE (13.9 ± 4.5 W L-1 ) and YE (12.4 ± 3.5 W L-1 ). The LLE-P and LLE-F had similar single fibre profiles with MHC I power driven by speed (LLE-P) or force (LLE-F), suggesting exercise intensity impacted slow muscle fibre mechanics. These data suggest that lifelong endurance exercise benefited slow muscle fibre size and function. Comparable fast fibre characteristics between LLE and OH, regardless of training intensity, suggest other exercise modes (e.g. resistance training) or myotherapeutics may be necessary to preserve fast muscle fibre size and performance with age.
Evaluation of the landslide susceptibility map obtained by a GIS matrix method: a case of Al Hoceima city (northern Morocco)

This work presents a method for preparing landslide susceptibility maps based on an analysis between past movements and predisposing factors. The proposed methodology for determining susceptibility is an adaptation of the matrix method in the territory of the city of Al Hoceima (Northern Morocco). The data needed to evaluate vulnerability has based on the landslide inventory and the available cartographic documents. These data were prepared and integrated into a GIS. This phase of the data preparation has followed by assessment and susceptibility mapping. The obtained map was validated and compared with an independent landslide dataset than the one used to develop the model. The results of the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve demonstrate the good predictive ability (AUC = 0.94). We can deduce that the map correlates well with the existing terrain conditions. The successfully validated prediction will enable decision-makers to offer handy information for infrastructure construction and urban planning in the future or other areas with similar situations
Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Patients: Experience at a Tertiary Center in the First 11 Months of the Pandemic.

This study aimed to evaluate the experience of tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients in a Southern Europe tertiary hospital. Retrospective observational study in tracheostomized patients from April 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021. Data related to tracheostomy were evaluated in patients with and without COVID-19, including infections in healthcare professionals involved in patient care. Forty-two tracheostomies were performed in COVID-19 patients aged 68.4 ± 11.1 years, predominantly men (71%) and caucasians (81%). They had at least 1 comorbidity (93%), on average 3. The most frequent were heart disease (71%), age > 65 years (67%) diabetes (40%) and obesity (33%). The greater number of comorbidities was associated with the lesser probability of the patient's recovery (p = .001). Age (p = .047) and renal failure (p = .013) were associated with higher mortality. Patients were tracheostomized by prolonged endo-tracheal intubation (50%), pneumonia (33%) and extubation failure (10%). Ventilation time before the tracheostomy (22.9 ± 6.5 days) was higher than ventilation time after the tracheostomy (7.1 ± 15.1 days) (p < 0.001). No differences were found in ventilation time (p = 0.094) and tracheostomy time (p = 0.514) in the different indications. There were 3 minor complications (7.1%), 25 discharges (60%) and 11 deaths (26%). During the same period 49 tracheostomies were performed in patients without COVID-19, with a homogeneous gender and age distribution, 31% without comorbidities, with an average of 1 comorbidity per patient and higher mortality (43%). Tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients proved to be a safe procedure for both patients and healthcare professionals and improves the clinical outcome of patients with severe infection. The 21-day procedure timing seems adequate. Comorbidities played an essential role in patient´s recovery. Age and renal failure are associated with a worse vital prognosis.
Utilizing a Community Dance to Hold STD Testing for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in High-Risk Adolescents.

Introduction Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in adolescents are a major public health concern, particularly in underserved communities. While STD screening is recommended by the United States Preventive Services Task Force, limited access remains one of a number of barriers. Community-based approaches may provide greater access and enhance screening rates. This study occured in a nationally recognized hot spot for STDs. We used a unique approach of hosting supervised dances at a community venue, during which free STD screening was offered at an attached health care clinic. Methods A series of six Friday night dances was held at one community center sponsored by a nonprofit, girl-focused organization from 2018 to 2019. Dance participants could access an on-site health clinic for self-collected screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Treatment was provided for detected STDs. STD screening was also available to area youth at the on-site clinic during regular daytime clinic hours. Results A total of 118 adolescents were screened during the school year, and were predominantly female (88.13%) and African American (85.6%). More than half of the total STD screenings (51.7%) were administered during the dances, doubling the total number of STD screenings when compared to those administered during regular clinic hours. A significantly younger cohort were screened at the dances (mean age 14.8 years) compared to those screened at the regular clinic (mean age of 18.9 years). Conclusion A youth-centric event utilizing community resources can be used to facilitate and enhance screening rates for STDs in youth in an underserved, high-risk community.
DACA Funds of Knowledge: Testimonios of Access to and Success in Higher Education:

Using testimonios, we highlight six current university Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) students’ funds of knowledge, or the lived experiences and culturally developed skills, specific...
Structural response to detonation loading in 90-degree bend

The structural response due to detonation propagation through a 90-degree bend in a circular tube was experimentally examined. Hoop strain measurements were obtained at key locations along the tube to measure elastic deformation. Dynamic pressure signals at the same locations were also recorded to track the detonation wave and record the peak pressure. Of particular interest are the effects of the bend on the magnitude of the pressure and strain in the material when compared to the straight tubes. These geometrical effects are due to the excitation of multiple modes: a short period detonation driven mode and longer period bending modes within the structure not seen in the straight tubes. The excitation of these bending modes serves to increase the maximum strain observed, which translates to greater hazards for industrial piping systems.
A Recombinant OspA and OspB Based Lyme Disease Vaccine

Lyme borreliosis is a tick borne infection caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi (1). Disease is often marked by a skin rash (erythema migrans), and can progress through several stages to cause arthritis, carditis or neurologic symptoms (2). The initial tick bite and skin rash can be difficult to identify, therefore, an effective vaccine should prove useful in endemic areas.
Using BY-2 Cells to Investigate Agrobacterium-Plant Interactions

The tobacco BY-2 cell system is an excellent tool for investigating Agrobacterium-plant interactions. The cells are relatively homogeneous and can be synchronously infected with high transformation efficiency. These attributes have made it useful for investigating cell biology problems associated with Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation. In conjunction with Arabidopsismutants, BY-2 cells will continue to offer many advantages to scientists investigating this interesting aspect of plant-microbe interactions.
Experimental investigation on fracture of viscoelastic materials under biaxial-stress fields.

Fracture behavior of viscoelastic materials under various biaxial stress fields, determining total strain energy at fracture
‘Evolutionary’ Theories of the X-ray Background

It is unclear whether evolutionary effects must be invoked to account for the intensity of the X-ray background, nor whether the background could all be due to unresolved X-ray sources of the types already known. Intensity fluctuations on small angular scales are probably on the threshold of detectability. Future studies of these fluctuations — with improved sensitivity — should help to elucidate the nature of the background. The interpretation of such studies is discussed.
Profiling Procedures for Long-Range Medication Efficacy in Double-Blind Trials

Statisticians working in biological investigatory trials are quite often faced with inferences obtained in long-range experiments which do not fit within the general framework of time-indexed designed studies. The initial response of patients in long-term studies is usually depicted within the first six months of the trial; the remaining part of the trial being confined to patient monitor of dropouts, survival rates and adverse effects. The objective of the present paper is to describe two computerized profiling methods developed by the present author for maximizing contrastive differences between medications.The first method analyzes the consistency of successive observations on a patient-by-patient basis, yielding cumulative increment scores which is used as a decision rule for a time-indexed response. The method is reminiscent of sequential medical trial procedures applied to data from a given patient. Using this procedure, patients are categorized as “responders” or “non-responders” depending upon the...
Formation of the yeast mitochondrial membrane. 1. Effects of inhibitors of protein synthesis on the kinetics of enzyme appearance during glucose derepression.

Amino acid incorporation in vitro by isolated yeast mitochondria could be supported by either an external ATP-regenerating system or by the respiratory-chain-linked synthesis of ATP. However, the incorporation rates obtained with ATP and succinate were almost double those obtained with the ATP-regenerating system and were inhibited by either antimycin A or oligomycin. In either system, addition of chloramphenicol, erythromycin or ethidium bromide caused an 80–90% inhibition of incorporation, actinomycin D and cordycepin caused a 20% inhibition, while rifamycin or cycloheximide had no effect. The rate of amino acid incorporation in vitro by isolated mitochondria was not subject to glucose derepression. In contrast, the rate of cycloheximide-insensitive protein synthesis into mitochondrial membranes in vivo was lowered over 90% in repressed cells. Analysis of the labeled mitochondrial membranes by sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis indicated that the products of mitochondrial protein synthesis were qualitatively identical, but quantitatively different, in glucose-repressed and derepressed cells. For example, a two-fold increase in labeling into both the two peaks of highest molecular weight as well as the peak of lowest molecular weight was observed in mitochondrial membranes obtained from repressed cells as compared to mitochondrial membranes obtained from partially and fully derepressed cells. The rate of amino acid incorporation in vitro as well as the labeling of mitochondrial membranes in vivo was stimulated 50—100% in partially derepressed yeast cells which had been grown in medium containing chloramphenicol for three hours, washed, and allowed to grow for one hour in fresh medium without chloramphenicol. The stimulation of labeling in vivo resulted in a threefold increase of labeling into the peak of lowest molecular weight with a concomitant decrease of labeling into the peaks of high molecular weight suggesting that the accumulation of mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm, when chloramphenicol is present in the medium, may stimulate the synthesis of certain specific mitochondrial proteins. Furthermore, growth of the cells in the presence of cycloheximide, which would result in a depletion of the pool of mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm, followed by growth in fresh medium without cycloheximide, resulted in a 50% decrease in the incorporation rate in vitro.