cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
University-Based Adaptive Sport Camps as a Model for Engaging Injured Military Veterans in Community Development

As more veterans return home from active duty with injuries or retire with disabilities and seek to reintegrate into the community, adaptive sport programming is an important recreational opportunity. Specifically, improved quality of life, more fluid community reintegration, positive psychosocial outcomes, and overall improved health are all stated benefits of participation in adaptive sport programs for individuals with disabilities. This program engaged veterans or members of the armed forces with disabilities in a unique university-based adaptive soccer camp experience with three main goals in mind: (1) to expose the veterans to the adaptive soccer sports of CP/TBI soccer and blind soccer, (2) to provide U.S. Soccer grassroots coach certification, (3) and to identify talent for the U.S. Soccer Paralympic National Team. In addition to facilitating this experience for veterans, we evaluated the camp program based on three main research questions: (1) How do injured military veterans and professionals serving veterans with disabilities evaluate satisfaction in an importance by performance analysis? (2) To what extent is a university-based VA Adaptive Sport Camp a promising setting for learning soccer related skills? and (3) What do injured military veterans and professionals serving veterans with disabilities identify as barriers to participation? Evaluation findings indicated that veterans wanted more information about coaching, the students, and additional community opportunities and were not concerned about the accommodations or food choices at camp, further highlighting the importance of the adaptive sport nature of the program itself. Veterans identified several camp elements that worked well in a university-based setting such as student interaction, scheduling, and balance between being a participant and learning coaching skills and would encourage other colleagues to attend in the future. Finally, participants identified perceived barriers to future participation were based largely on travel distance and costs. Subsequently, the programmers have sought to provide more programs around the country with partner agencies and in so doing, reduce travel time and costs. Overall, this programming model has significant promise for growth and has already provided results consistent with positive community reintegration and increased veteran participation in soccer-related activities, which can pave the pathway for more in-depth program analysis. Subscribe to JPRA
Formation of secondary organic aerosol from nitrate radical oxidation of phenolic VOCs: Implications for nitration mechanisms and brown carbon formation

Abstract Volatile phenolic derivatives are substantially emitted from biomass burning and produced from photochemistry of atmospheric aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Oxidation of phenolic VOCs at night by nitrate radicals (NO3∙) may represent a significant source of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) formation in the atmosphere. In this study, NO3∙ oxidation of five phenolic derivatives, including phenol, catechol, 3-methylcatechol, 4-methylcatechol and guaiacol are investigated in laboratory experiments. The SOA constituents from the NO3∙ oxidation were analyzed using electrospray ionization ion mobility spectrometry time-of-flight mass spectrometry, which allows for characterization and identification of isomers in the oxidation products. Through these analyses, several classes of nitro-containing products in addition to the well-known nitrophenol compounds were observed, including: (1) the nitrophenol type of products with additional hydroxyl functional groups; (2) non-aromatic/ring-opening nitro-products with lower double bond equivalence; (3) phenol and catechol products from the C7 phenolic VOCs with carbon-containing substitutions; and (4) nitrated diphenyl ether dimers. The present work indicates that new products from previously unrecognized pathways are formed during NO3∙ oxidation of phenolic VOCs and may contribute an important portion of the SOA. Some of these products were also observed in ambient aerosols during biomass burning. We suggest that the ubiquity of the nitrophenol type of products in the SOA derived from phenolic VOC + NO3∙ are responsible for the strong light absorption measured in this study. Therefore, elucidation of these pathways will be critical for understanding the nighttime oxidation and BrC formation mechanisms.
NEW MESUREMENTS OF NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS FROM CCFR/NuTeV

We report on the extraction of the structure functions F2 and from CCFR νμ-Fe and -Fe differential cross sections. The extraction is performed in a physics model independent (PMI) way. This first measuremant for ΔxF3, which is useful in testing models of heavy charm production, is higher than current theoretical predictions. Within 5% the F2 (PMI) values measured in νμ and μ scattering are in agreement with the predictions of Next-to-Leading-Order PDFs (using massive charm production schemes), thus resolving the long-standing discrepancy between the two measurements.
Keep Safe, Keep Learning: Principals' Role in Creating Psychological Safety and Organizational Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Utilizing a sample of 54 interviews from a larger study of traditional public school principals’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, we examined the degree to which principals in 19 states and representing both urban (e.g., intensive, emergent or characteristic) (Milner, 2012) (n=37) and suburban settings (n=17) and across all student levels (i.e., elementary, middle, and high), experienced and engaged in behaviors to create psychological safety during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also sought to understand how various environmental and organizational features may have influenced these conditions and thus the likelihood of learning taking place. We find principals reported varied levels of psychological safety in their schools with associated differing levels of organizational learning and responsiveness to the crisis. However, rather being grounded in environmental conditions (e.g., urbanicity, demographics, etc.), organizational factors and specifically, differences in accountability, principal autonomy, professional culture and teacher decision-making were all key in the degree of psychological safety exhibited. Together, these findings serve to expand understanding of leadership as creating conditions for learning and give insight into the degree our pre-COVID-19 system may have facilitated or stymied the ability or capacity of school leaders in different settings to support transformational learning. In this way, this research may have real and important implications for the types of support leaders and teachers require as we collectively transition into the next phase of uncertainty as many schools continue to try and re-open safely and all that lays ahead.
Comparison of Various Machine Learning Models to Identify Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) Tip Position from Radiology Reports

Background: Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) frequently need peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) to provide medications, parenteral nutrition, and fluids. An upper extremity PICC line tip is optimally positioned “centrally” in the superior vena cava (SVC) or at the SVC-right atrial (RA) junction. Malpositioned PICC lines run the risk of extravasation into surrounding spaces or causing vascular damage due to highly osmolar fluids. PICC line tip position must be confirmed frequently, as the tip may move from its original position, especially for small neonates. Automated detection of …
Binary adaptive semi-global matching based on image edges

Image-based modeling and rendering is currently one of the most challenging topics in Computer Vision and Photogrammetry. The key issue here is building a set of dense correspondence points between two images, namely dense matching or stereo matching. Among all dense matching algorithms, Semi-Global Matching (SGM) is arguably one of the most promising algorithms for real-time stereo vision. Compared with global matching algorithms, SGM aggregates matching cost from several (eight or sixteen) directions rather than only the epipolar line using Dynamic Programming (DP). Thus, SGM eliminates the classical “streaking problem” and greatly improves its accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we aim at further improvement of SGM accuracy without increasing the computational cost. We propose setting the penalty parameters adaptively according to image edges extracted by edge detectors. We have carried out experiments on the standard Middlebury stereo dataset and evaluated the performance of our modified method with the ground truth. The results have shown a noticeable accuracy improvement compared with the results using fixed penalty parameters while the runtime computational cost was not increased.
An empirical study on the granularity of pointer analysis in c programs

Pointer analysis plays a critical role in modern C compilers because of the frequent appearances of pointer expressions. It is even more important for data dependence analysis, which is essential in exploiting parallelism, because complex data structures such as arrays are often accessed through pointers in C. One of the important aspects of pointer analysis methods is their granularity, the way in which the memory objects are named for analysis. The naming schemes used in a pointer analysis affect its effectiveness, especially for pointers pointing to heap memory blocks. In this paper, we present a new approach that applies the compiler analysis and profiling techniques together to study the impact of the granularity in pointer analyses. An instrumentation tool, based on the Intel's Open Resource Compiler (ORC), is devised to simulate different naming schemes and collect precise target sets for indirect references at runtime. The collected target sets are then fed back to the ORC compiler to evaluate the effectiveness of different granularity in pointer analyses. The change of the alias queries in the compiler analyses and the change of performance of the output code at different granularity levels are observed. With the experiments on the SPEC CPU2000 integer benchmarks, we found that 1) finer granularity of pointer analysis show great potential in optimizations, and may bring about up to 15% performance improvement, 2) the common naming scheme, which gives heap memory blocks names according to the line number of system memory allocation calls, is not powerful enough for some benchmarks. The wrapper functions for allocation or the user-defined memory management functions have to be recognized to produce better pointer analysis result, 3) pointer analysis of fine granularity requires inter-procedural analysis, and 4) it is also quite important that a naming scheme distinguish the fields of a structure in the targets.
Facebook IPO Belies Perils of Collegiate Inventors

This essay criticizes university policies that allow institutions to take ownership of their students' inventions. This is an increasingly common occurrence that receives far less attention than it deserves. It is also an important, but virtually unknown, part of the Facebook success story. Stanford made over $300 million by claiming an ownership stake in Google and the University of Illinois almost killed Netscape in its infancy by suing its founders, but Harvard allowed Facebook to grow and thrive without interference. Harvard's hands-off approach has been a boon to both the university and Facebook, and hopefully will serve as an example for universities the world over.
Predicting Recession Using the Yield Curve: An Artificial Intelligence and Econometric Comparison

Normally the yield curve has an upward slope and is slightly convex. There are times when the curve becomes flat or slopes downward, which signals an approaching economic slowdown soon. Although simple, the yield curve has often been more successful at predicting recession than larger and/or more complex econometric models. Using an artificial intelligence methodology called "neural networks" and quarterly data from 1959 to 1997, the purpose of this study was to use the yield curve for forecasting recessions. The results confirm earlier findings that used econometric modelling, and suggest that the yield curve is a very useful tool for the prediction of recession. Furthermore, the results of the out-of-sample simulation imply that the forecast of the artificial intelligence method is more accurate than that of the traditional econometric model.
Rationality and the Good: Critical Essays on the Ethics and Epistemology of Robert Audi

Preface 1: Rational Action and the Good PART ONE: Problems and Prospects for Intuitionist Ethics 2: Walter Sinnott-Armstrong: Reflections on Reflection in Robert Audi's Moral Intuitionism 3: Roger Crisp: Intuitionism and Disagreement 4: Hugh J. McCann: Metaethical Reflections on Robert Audi's Moral Intuitionism 5: Bernard Gert: Two Conceptions of Morality 6: Thomas Hurka: Audi's Marriage of Ross and Kant 7: Accounting for Duties: A Critical Assessment of Robert Audi's The Good in the Right PART TWO: Knowledge, Justification, and Acceptance 8: Laurence BonJour: Are Perceptual Beliefs Properly Foundational? 9: Elizabeth Fricker: Audi on Testimony 10: Timothy Williamson: On Being Justified in One's Head 11: William P. Alston: Audi on Nondoxastic Faith PART THREE: Intention, Self-Deception, and Reasons for Action 12: Fred Adams: Trying with Hope 13: Alfred R. Mele: Self-Deception and Three Psychiatric Delusions: On Robert Audi's Transition from Self-Deception to Delusions 14: Raimo Tuomela: Motivation Reasons for Action PART FOUR: Reason and Intuition in Thought and Action: Replies and Extensions 15: Robert Audi Part I. Intuition, Reflection, and Justification Part II. Justifying Grounds, Justified Beliefs, and Rational Acceptance Part III. Belief, Intention, and Reasons for Action
Diurnal variation of ghrelin, leptin, and adiponectin in Standardbred mares.

Twelve Standardbred mares underwent blood sampling for 24 h to test the hypothesis that there is diurnal variation of humoral mediators of peripheral energy balance including active ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, glucose, insulin, and cortisol. The experiment was conducted under acclimated conditions. Grass hay and pelleted grain were provided at 0730 and 1530. Plasma concentrations of active ghrelin and leptin concentrations both peaked (47.3 +/- 6.5 pg/ mL and 5.9 +/- 1.1 ng/mL, respectively; P 0.05) after the morning feeding. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations increased (P < 0.05) in response to feeding; however, the morning responses (glucose = 96.9 +/- 2.6 mg/dL; insulin = 40.6 +/- 7.3 uIU/mL) were greater (P < 0.05) than the afternoon responses (glucose = 89.9 +/- 1.8 mg/dL; insulin = 23.2 +/- 4.3 uIU/mL at 180 and 60 min after feeding, respectively). Cortisol concentrations increased (P < 0.05) during the morning hours, but did not respond to feeding, whereas adiponectin concentrations remained stable throughout the study. Hence, active ghrelin and leptin may be entrained to meal feeding in horses, whereas adiponectin seems unaffected. We concluded that there seems to be a diurnal variation in glucose and insulin response to a meal in horses. Furthermore, elevated glucose and insulin concentrations resulting from the morning feeding may be responsible for the increase in leptin concentration in the afternoon.
Abstract W P323: Factors Influencing Perception of Quality of Life Following Stroke

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability and reduction in quality of life, but little is known about the social, demographic, clinical and functional elements that contribute to perceived quality of life after stroke. Objective: To determine the factors associated with patient perception of the effect that stroke has on quality of life. Methods: The STEP-South Carolina Project surveyed 162 stroke survivors one year after their event, assessing clinical and functional outcomes and patient perceptions of the magnitude of the impact of stroke on their quality of life (“no effect”, “some effect”, or “great effect”). Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the relationship between the patients’ perceived effect of stroke on quality of life and demographic features, functional abilities, stroke severity, and medical comorbidities. Results: Multivariate analyses showed no difference in age, race, gender or insurance status. As shown in the table, multivariate analyses (adjusted for NIH...
CA 19-9 as a serum biomarker in cancer

Serum biomarkers in cancer diagnosis or prognosis continue to be part of an evolving field and have been a promising noninvasive tool that may aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease in a number of different cancers. Serum carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA 19‐9) is a biomarker that found utility mainly in biliary tract and pancreatic malignancies as a prognostic marker in monitoring response to treatment and as an indication of disease recurrence. Unfortunately, CA 19‐9 levels may lack specificity given that other cancers originating from the ovaries, stomach, colon, and lung may be associated with elevated levels. There are also many benign conditions that are associated with higher levels of CA 19‐9. The antigen was discovered in the 1970s and has been studied extensively in various malignancies to validate its utility as a screening, prognostic, or diagnostic tool. CA 19‐9 has been used most commonly as a biomarker in pancreatic cancer as a prognostic and predictive tool and less commonly in other malignancies. This chapter will focus mainly on utility of CA 19‐9 in pancreatic cancer and biliary tract cancers. List of Abbreviations AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer CA 19‐9 Carbohydrate Antigen 19‐9 CEA Carcinoembryonic Antigen CI Confidence Interval CRC Colorectal Cancer CRT Chemoradiation DFS Disease Free Survival FIGO International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics IPMN Intrapancreatic Mucosal Neoplasm IU/mL International Units/Milliliter Le antigen Lewis Antigen mOS Median Overall Survival mTTP Median Time to Progression NCCN National Comprehensive Cancer Network ng/mL Nanogram/Milliliter NSCLC Non-small Cell Lung Cancer PD Pancreaticoduodenectomy *Email: Tanios.Saab@osumc.edu Biomarkers in Cancer DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7744-6_17-1 # Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
Utilizing data mining to influence maintenance actions

For Aircraft Launch and Recovery Equipment (ALRE), the goal is to get planes in the air and ensure they land safely. Consequently, a high operational availability (Ao) is crucial to ALRE operations. In order to ensure high Ao, it is crucial that the amount of maintenance, both corrective and preventative, is kept to a minimum. Historically, improvements have been reactive in nature to satisfy the Fleet's needs of the moment and are never implemented across the Fleet. One approach to improving maintenance practices is to use historical data in combination with data mining to determine where and how maintenance procedures can be changed or enhanced. For example, if a maintenance manual says to remove three electronics boxes based on a built-in test (BIT) code, but historically, the data shows that removing and replacing two of the boxes never fix the problem, then the maintainer can be directed to first remove and replace the box which the data suggests is the most-likely cause of failure. This type of improvement is where data mining can be used to enhance or modify maintenance procedures. The Integrated Support Environment (ISE) team and the Integrated Diagnostics and Automated Test Systems (IDATS) team of NAVAIR Lakehurst are jointly investigating the use of data mining as an important tool to enhance ALRE systems and to potentially decrease preventive maintenance on-board Navy vessels, thereby reducing the total cost of ownership. The authors' approach is to use maintenance actions, system performance data, and supply information to draw a clear picture of the failures, diagnoses and repair actions for specific components of ALRE systems. The authors are using a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) data mining suite, called SPSS Clementine, alongside custom software tools to detect the meaningful, yet hidden, patterns within the mountain of data associated with ALRE systems. SPSS Clementine is one of the data mining industry's premier tools, allowing rapid development of models for data mining. Additionally, ALRE subject matter experts (SMEs) were consulted to ensure the validity of the teams' findings. The combination of modern data mining practices and expert knowledge of ALRE systems will be leveraged to improve the maintenance performed at the O-level and to possibly understand why the failure happened in the first place. This paper will describe the forthcoming investigation exemplifying how the data warehouse holding various sources of data about ALRE systems will be utilized to improve the education of maintainers and to enhance maintenance practices, to understand the cause of component failures, as well as provide solutions to diagnose these failures. Utilizing the knowledge and expertise of database systems and data mining which the ISE team provides, combined with SME knowledge, non-trivial solutions to ALRE maintenance practices shall be uncovered to improve the maintenance environment on-ship
Blood Glutathione Peroxidase-1 mRNA Levels Can Be Used as Molecular Biomarkers to Determine Dietary Selenium Requirements in Rats

Transcript (mRNA) levels are increasingly being used in medicine as molecular biomarkers for disease and disease risk, including use of whole blood as a target tissue for analysis. Development of b...
Hydroxychloroquine use predicts complete renal remission within 12 months among patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil therapy for membranous lupus nephritis.

The objective of this study was to identify clinical predictors of response to initial mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) therapy for membranous lupus nephritis (MLN). We observed the clinical outcomes of patients in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort within the first year of initiation of treatment with MMF therapy for newly diagnosed MLN, classified according to the new International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 classification. Complete renal remission was defined as proteinuria less than 500 mg/24 hours. Demographic, clinical, treatment and laboratory data were examined for their association with renal remission. Twenty-nine MLN patients treated with MMF were identified. Eleven (38%) patients achieved complete renal remission by 12 months. Of those taking hydroxychloroquine, 7/11 (64%) were in remission within 12 months compared to only 4/18 (22%) of those not on hyroxychloroquine (P 0.036 based on a log-rank test). This association persisted after controlling for the presence of anti-ds...
Temperature Dependence of Strength and Brittleness of Some Quartz Structures

The temperature dependence of the microhardness of the quartz structures of both SiO2 and the isomorphous compounds AlPO4, GeO2, and LiAlSiO4 has been examined. Particular attention has been given to the effects of the high-low inversion, which has been found to be anomalous relative to the behavior of other polymorphic transformations. The high quartz structure has been found to be much harder and more brittle than low quartz, despite their very close structural similarity.
A bidirectional associative memory explanation of posttraumatic stress disorder

Network theory is a relatively recent explanatory development to improve our understanding of emotions and emotional disorders. Connectionist neural networks are introduced as mathematically well-defined network theories that have been suggested as PTSD models, partly because of their ability to form and retrieve memories. Explanatory requirements that a comprehensive PTSD theory must have are reviewed. A connectionist neural network system called the bidirectional associative memory (BAM) is extended to encode emotion and cognition and is then shown to satisfy all PTSD explanatory requirements and consequently constitutes a comprehensive PTSD theory. Empirical work pertaining to a fundamental assumption that learning alters brain structure in ways that can be detected by neuroimaging is reviewed. Novel predictions are made, and relevance to neuroscience is discussed.
The Limitations of “Limitations”

It is heartening to see the authors of “Limitations” (Levine et al. 2004) lamenting that, as a salient concept in research ethics, vulnerability has been a mess. The conventional wisdom that has do...
Situation Boards and Scribes: Lessons from Brady v. Maryland

A recurring question among some crisis negotiators has revolved around the issue of retaining notes and any other forms of documentation and communication arising from the negotiation process. This article begins with a review of the facts of Brady v. Maryland. After discussing the legal questions raised and the decision of the court, the ramifications of the case are put into the context of crisis negotiations. The article concludes with recommendations about how negotiators can comply with the court's decision by using today's technology.
Generational boundary distortions by adult children of alcoholics: Child-as-parent and child-as-mate

Abstract The present study examined whether adult male and female children of alcoholic and nonalcoholic parents (N=30/group) differentially exhibit generational boundary distortions. On an objective parentification measure, the female adult children of alcoholics showed significant signs of having assumed excessive caretaking responsibilities in their families-of-origin. A subsample was also administered a projective measure of boundary distortions (child-as-parent and child-as-mate). Significantly more male and female adult children of alcoholics exhibited distortions than the comparison group. Differential results for male and female adult children of alcoholics on the objective and projective indices of boundary distortions are discussed.
Severe accident source terms for a sodium-cooled fast reactor

Abstract In order to support the demonstration of a risk-informed approach to the design optimization of a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), it was necessary to make realistic estimates of the consequences of severe accident scenarios. This paper describes the database, models, and assumptions used to estimate the offsite consequences of characteristic severe accident scenarios. As required for comparison with the NRC’s technology neutral framework limit curve, the offsite dose at one mile from the plant boundary is calculated using conservative meteorology. The reference plant design is a 1000 MWt pool-type design with metallic fuel. Because an integrated analysis tool comparable to MELCOR does not exist for SFR accident scenario analysis, it was necessary to write a computer code that would assess release of radionuclides from the fuel and transport within the reactor primary system and to link those analyses with results from existing computer codes that assess the dynamic response of the reactor, containment thermal–hydraulics, and radionuclide transport processes within the containment. The analyses indicate that the offsite source terms for SFR severe accident scenarios tend to be small because of the low melting temperature of the fuel, likelihood of significant retention of fission products within the sodium pool, augmentation of containment deposition processes by interaction with sodium oxide aerosols, and small driving force for release from the containment to the environment. A number of major sources of modeling uncertainty are identified as requiring further development effort. An integrated modeling capability, similar to the MELCOR code, is required to direct further research and ultimately to support the licensing of an SFR.
USING COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY TO REDUCE THE BACK‐OUT RATE IN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS APPLICATIONS

Schools of Business are interested in improving the quantity and quality of their undergraduate enrollments. For this reason, they often contact applicants who have been accepted in order to make them feel welcome. Telephone calls, follow-up letters and other devices are employed. Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that these should have a positive effect on the percentage of applicants who follow through and actually attend classes, but no empirical evidence exists to prove or disprove this hypothesis. This study reports on the results obtained when two dissonance reducing techniques, a follow-up letter and a copy of a school of business newsletter, were used to increase the percentage of applicants matriculating for the fall semester. These techniques were not successful in achieving this objective and, instead, may have been counter productive.
Synthesis of kinetic structure of reaction mixtures of irreversible first‐order reaction

A synthesis method for the kinetically consistent structure of reaction mixtures is developed based on elementary structures of reaction mixtures and rate expressions for product lumps of nth order. Knowledge of product lumps and experimental kinetic data on each of the lumps are required for the synthesis of kinetic structure. Rate constants for all reaction paths and initial lumps from which all the product lumps originate can be determined.
An experimental soft-release of oil-spill rehabilitated American coots (Fulica americana): I. Lingering effects on survival, condition and behavior.

Abstract In spring 1995, we studied survival, condition and behavior of 37 oiled/rehabilitated (OR) American coots ( Fulica americana ) (RHB) and compared them to 38 wild-caught, non-oiled and non-rehabilitated coots (REF). All coots were wing-clipped to prevent long-range dispersal, mixed equally and randomly and soft-released into two fenced marshes. Twenty RHB+20 REF coots were subjected to handling and sampling four times during the 4-month study and the remainder were left undisturbed. The study ended before any coots dispersed following remige regrowth. Overall survival was significantly lower for RHB coots, regardless of the way survival was viewed (four Chi 2 tests varied between p p p p p >0.10), indicating that non-surviving RHB coots were unable to gain or maintain body condition for about 2–3 months following their oiling/rehabilitation experience. Throughout the experiment, RHB coots preened more on water and on land, bathed more, slept less during the day, and exhibited feeding and drinking behaviors more frequently or of greater duration than REF coots (all statistical tests with Bonferroni-corrected p
Effect of Specularly Reflecting Gray Surface on Thermal Radiation Through a Tube and From Its Heated Wall

Specular radiation exchange within a circular tube subject to thermal radiation at the tube ends and a uniform heat flux at the walls
Towards low area overhead ARQ based soft error tolerant data paths for SRAM-based Altera FPGAs

The SRAM-based FPGA, due to their high performance, has become a popular choice in today's electronic systems and are used in large number of applications. But in radiation harsh environment these FPGAs require some additional mechanism to cope up with soft errors. Modern FPGAs are built in 28nm technologies, where even combinational circuits are substantially vulnerable to soft errors. Such designs require soft error mitigation circuits in their data paths. Conventional soft error mitigation techniques such as triple modular redundancy are robust but their area overhead is three times as compared to normal design. In this paper a variant of automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol is proposed, along with delayed redundancy to reduce area overhead. Synthesis results show an improvement of 9.1 and 10% in latency for Cyclone II and Stratix II FPGAs, respectively, with a 1.94 times improvement in resource utilization. Our synthesis results show that our implementation is not only better in terms of area overhead but if a soft error occurs once in 10 clock cycles the overall system throughput is better for the proposed architecture compared to TMR. To our knowledge this is the first work to implement ARQ based protocol utilizing delayed redundancy to mitigate soft errors in SRAM-based FPGAs.
Effect of interfacial tension on flow of fluorochemicals in the vasculature of the lung: a theoretical and experimental study.

Perfluorocarbons can be selectively imaged using magnetic resonance. When introduced in the vasculature they do not flow beyond a certain level. This level depends on the driving pressure. We consider here such flow stoppage in the case of the vascular bed of rat lung. A theoretical analysis based on the assumption that interfacial tension is primarily responsible for this phenomenon leads to a formula that predicts a “critical” radius of the vessels at where the flow stops. This radius depends on the driving pressure. The predicted result was verified experimentally using direct measurements on histological sections and was found to confirm the hypothesis.
Next-Generation Wireless Sensor Networks Infrastructure Development for Monitoring Applications

Abstract In this paper, a development of sensor node for environment monitoring is described. The Reconfigurable System-On-chip (RSOC) technology is used to integrate the node's main components on Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip. The main components required to support the environmental applications such as pixels sensor, reconfigurable processing core, and a tiny solar unit for recharging node's battery, are implemented on the node. The use of FPGA chips has made such nodes consume large power. Therefore, nodes are provided with tiny rechargeable unit to recharge the nodes’ batteries. The nodes should be installed at well-setting environmental applications, where nodes are carefully distributed over the environmental applications field to be exposed to daylight, which will help recharge nodes’ batteries. Applications such as border control and forest fire monitoring can use such nodes at their wireless sensor networks.
Effects of frame rate on two-dimensional speckle tracking-derived measurements of myocardial deformation in premature infants.

Background Frame rate (FR) of image acquisition is an important determinant of the reliability of 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE)-derived myocardial strain. Premature infants have relatively high heart rates (HR). The aim was to analyze the effects of varying FR on the reproducibility of 2DSTE-derived right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) longitudinal strain (LS) and strain rate (LSR) in premature infants. Methods RV and LV LS and LSR were measured by 2DSTE in the apical four-chamber view in 20 premature infants (26 ± 1 weeks) with HR 163 ± 13 bpm. For each subject, 4 sets of cine loops were acquired at FR of 130 frames/sec. Two observers measured LS and LSR. Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis, coefficient of variation, and linear regression. Results Intra-observer reproducibility for RV and LV LS was higher at FR >110 frames/sec, and optimum at FR >130 frames/sec. The highest inter-observer reproducibility for RV and LV LS were at FR >130 and >110 frames/s, respectively. The highest reproducibility for RV and LV systolic and early diastolic LSR was at FR >110 frames/sec. FR/HR ratio >0.7 frames/sec per bpm yielded optimum reproducibility for RV and LV deformation imaging. Conclusions The reliability of 2DSTE-derived RV and LV deformation imaging in premature infants is affected by the FR of image acquisition. Reproducibility is most robust when cine loops are obtained with FR/HR ratio between 0.7 and 0.9 frames/sec per bpm, which likely results from optimal myocardial speckle tracking and mechanical event timing.
Some labor market effects of labor supply responses to transfer programs

Abstract This paper utilizes a large-scale micro-simulation computer model to examine whether adverse effects on work effort initially resulting from implementation of a new income transfer plan might be partially offset through “second-round” responses by employers and by unemployed transfer recipients. The findings suggest that employer responses to shifts in labor supply curves that follow introduction of a transfer program have little potential for offsetting reductions in hours worked. Under certain circumstances, however, responses by the unemployed do offer a potential offset, particularly if in the absence of the program there would have been considerable excess supply of labor within the economy.
RFID Practices for Competitive Inventory Management Systems: Case Studies in Healthcare and Voice-Recognition Industries

Although on the cutting edge of business technologies, RFID proves to be a difficult process to implement and achieve, despite recent efforts. Two Pittsburgh-based companies were showcased in this case study, namely Mobile Aspects, Inc., a recognized leader in the integration of RFID-related technologies in inventory management processes of large acute care, and Vocollect, Inc., which is especially noted for its voice-recognition software and small hardware platforms used warehousing and partially automated inventory systems. The firmsâ€™ goals for implementing inventory management, specific inventory recommendations and changes, comparison of inventory management processes, and selected measures for ensure the quality and security of data transmitted via RFID-based technologies and lessons learned were discussed.
Socialization and family correlates of mental health outcomes among Hispanic and Anglo American children: consideration of cross-ethnic scalar equivalence

Recently there has been concern over the need for developmental research within ethnic minority populations and interest in socialization and family variables within, and variability across, ethnic groups. This study reports analyses designed to: compare several socialization, family, and mental health variables among Hispanic and Anglo American 8–14-year-old children and mothers; examine the regression equations predicting mental health indicators with the socialization and family variables; and evaluate the cross-ethnic scalar equivalence of these socialization and family measures. The findings indicate that there are ethnic differences in several socialization and family variables; several of the socialization and family variables are related to the mental health variables, and these relations are very similar across ethnic groups; and the socialization and family measures appear to have sufficient cross-ethnic scalar equivalence for English-speaking, largely Mexican American Hispanic samples. Further, these findings suggest some caution regarding the use of the Child Depression Inventory in Hispanic samples.
Effect of Acute Cocaine Administration on the QTc Interval of Habitual Users

The proarrhythmic effects of cocaine may be mediated in part by its effects on cardiac repolarization properties. This study evaluated the acute effects of smoking cocaine 25 mg on the electrocardiograms of 14 habitual cocaine users during a 12-minute observation period. After cocaine administration, heart rate increased by a mean of 22 beats/min (p <0.0001). One patient developed accelerated junctional rhythm, and 5 had nonspecific ST-T-wave abnormalities. The electrocardiograms revealed significant prolongation of the QTc interval (p <0.001) after cocaine administration. In addition, T-wave amplitude decreased and U-wave amplitude increased in response to cocaine use (p <0.05). QRS duration was unchanged by cocaine, whereas the PR interval shortened slightly. The repolarization changes observed after cocaine use were similar to those reported for other sympathomimetic agents and may be a contributing factor in the association between cocaine use and ventricular arrhythmias.
Nanocrystal technology for drug formulation and delivery

With the development of modern technology like high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry and computer aid drug design, the drug discovery process has been dramatically accelerated. However, new drug candidates often exhibit poor aqueous or even organic medium solubility. Additionally, many of them may have low dissolution velocity and low oral bioavailability. Nanocrystal formulation sheds new light on advanced drug development. Due to small (nano- or micro- meters) sizes, the increased surface-volume ratio leads to dramatically enhanced drug dissolution velocity and saturation solubility. The simplicity in preparation and the potential for various administration routes allow drug nanocrystals to be a novel drug delivery system for specific diseases (i.e. cancer). In addition to the comprehensive review of different technologies and methods in drug nanocrystal preparation, suspension, and stabilization, we will also compare nano- and micro-sized drug crystals in pharmaceutical applications and discuss current nanocrystal drugs on the market and their limitations.
The fatty acids of degras

Degras contains a complex mixture of lipids comprised of branched and normal chain fatty acids, hydroxy acids, sterols, sterol esters and long chain wax esters. There are no glycerides in degras. This paper is a report on the composition of the branched and normal chain fatty acids. Preparative techniques of thin-layer chromatography were used to isolate the fatty acids from the other lipid classes. Gas chromatography was used on three different stationary phase separations of the fatty acid methyl esters. Identifications of the composition were based on a combination of techniques and known standards.
Sdf Control Of Correlation Plane Structure For 3-D Object Representation And Recognition

The efficient representation and synthesis of 3-D object information using new synthetic discriminant functions (SDFs) is discussed. The use of SDFs in a correlator for shift-in-variant and distortion-invariant discrimination of 3-Dobjects is detailed and experimental data is provided. The new SDF3 described control the peak intensity and the structure and statistics of the correlation plane pattern.
Parahemophilia: New Insights into Factor V Deficiency

Blood coagulation factor V (FV) plays a pivotal role in blood coagulation. It is found in both plasma and in platelets and has a profound impact on thrombin generation. Deficiency of this clotting factor due to inherited or acquired conditions results in a broad spectrum of bleeding symptoms. Surprisingly however, some patients with undetectable levels of FV experience relatively mild bleeding. The aim of this review is to highlight this rare coagulation factor disorder and touch upon its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Furthermore, recent advances that shed new light on the importance of platelet FV and other modifiers which influence bleeding tendencies in severe FV deficiency will be discussed.
Implications of recent experimental results for modeling reactions in turbulent flows

The general subject of this paper is turbulent mixing, chemical reactions, and combustion in fully developed shear layers and jets. More specifically, the purpose is to review the results of a series of experiments that seems to us to have important implications for understanding and modeling of these flows, with possible implications for dealing with turbulent transport in general. A comprehensive review of all important and useful recent experiments on the subject will not be undertaken; instead, attention is focused on some experiments that have, in our opinion, revealed new features of the mixing and combustion processes in turbulent shear flows. The recognition of the importance of the large-scale organized structure (e.g., Ref. 1) in turbulent shear flows has given new directions to research in this field. While there is no doubt that the existence of the large structures has been recognized for some time (see, for example, Refs. 2 and 3), it was believed that their main effect on turbulent transport was the convolution at low wavenumbers of the turbulent/nonturbulent interface in the flow, which could be accounted for through the notion of intermittency. Much of the recent work, both theoretical and experimental, has had the objective of clarifying the fluid mechanics. For the purposes of the present discussion, our interest is in the implications for turbulent transport and diffusion of scalars, where the role of the large-scale organized motions is perhaps clearer. A complete theory would, of course, deal with the momentum and scalar equations simultaneously, but since it is likely to be some time before such a theory is available, it seems worthwhile to see what can be deduced from the evidence already at hand.
Limiting Labor: Business Political Mobilization and Union Setback in the States

The 1940s were heady times for the American labor movement. The tight wartime labor market and the backing of the federal government in defense industries facilitated impressive membership gains for both AFL and CIO unions. By 1945, labor unions represented almost 35 percent of the workforce—a more than fivefold increase from the early 1930s. What is more, union membership gains penetrated previously unorganized and resistant regions like the South. Unions indeed appeared on the verge of recruiting millions of new members and establishing a truly national social movement. Critics and supporters alike viewed unions as the most powerful institutions of the day. Following the war, Fortune Magazine foresaw little resistance to unionism and to the postwar southern labor organizing drives, while sympathetic scholars like C. Wright Mills viewed labor leaders as the “new men of power.”
Fuel Cell Stacks Based on Micro Fuel Cell Units for a Substantially Increased Power Density

This paper introduces a bio-inspired fuel cell stack that has a substantially increased specific reactive surface area. The fuel cell stack is based on micro fuel-cell units that generally has a circular shape and an effective diameter on the order of 1 mm. A number of fuel cell units are arranged to form a fuel cell module, and then these modules are stacked one over another and electrically connected to form a fuel cell stack. An evaluation on the stack indicates that the specific reactive surface area may be increased by more than 10 fold compared to a conventional bipolar plate based fuel cell stack. A fuel cell stack that has such a substantially increased specific reactive surface area may enable a substantially increased power density, a substantially reduced fuel cell stack size, and an improved energy utilization efficiency. Additionally, the present fuel cell stack eliminates the fuel sealing problem in a planar fuel cell stack and allows a much higher operating pressure difference between the fuel and air streams.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Adrenocortical carcinoma with delayed cutaneous metastasis

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon and aggressive malignancy. Patients often have metastatic disease at initial presentation, with the most common sites being the liver, local lymph nodes, lungs, peritoneum and bone. Despite a high frequency of metastases, there are only isolated reports of ACC that have metastasized to the skin. Herein, we report a case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with a cyst-like lesion on her back, which on biopsy proved to be ACC metastatic from a primary tumor diagnosed 30 years previously.