cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spouse burnout syndrome

In married couples, chronic illness in one partner can result in increased responsibilities for the spouse and lead to spouse burnout. Burnout has been described as a syndrome encompassing both physical and emotional symptoms. The literature has addressed the burnout syndrome experienced by health care professionals but few articles have addressed burnout in spouses of chronically ill persons. During a preliminary study of 30 chronically ill persons and their spouses, the following two questions were raised: Were the manifestations of the spouses similar to the indications of burnout exhibited by health professionals? and What factors in the home where one member was chronically ill contributed to the spouse's burnout? The three stages of burnout were examined. The emotional and physical symptoms of burnout in the first and second stages were very similar to symptoms identified in the spouses of our preliminary study. The spouses in our study did not exhibit signs or symptoms of the third stage. Three home situations were extrapolated from the study group in order to examine in depth specific examples of spouse burnout. Nurses have a responsibility to care for the spouse caregiver as well as the patient. The nurse must recognize behaviour which may be indicative of burnout syndrome. With this knowledge, the nurse is then better prepared to assist the spouse in prevention and/or early recognition and plan interventions accordingly.
Demonstration of Antigenic Difference between the American Bison (Bison bison) and Domestic Cattle (Bos taurus)

THERE are reports1–4 demonstrating that antiserum produced against the erythrocytes of one species which react with the cells of a closely related species may be made specifically reactive with the homologous cells by absorption with cells of the related species. Hence, one might expect that this method should differentiate the cells of all, or nearly all, related species.
Imminent policy considerations in the design and management of national and international computer networks

Policy questions in network operation that must be addressed, including privacy, export policy, and access policy, are discussed. Concerns about the adequacy of the existing policy-setting mechanisms and a number of legal issues that are cropping up as networks expand are considered. Existing systems, such as the telephone system, the highway network, and the Internet computer network, are briefly investigated to assess how these systems handle policy issues in order to obtain insight into resolving policy questions related to future networks. >
Complications ischémiques du cathétérisme percutané de l'artère fémorale

Les complications ischemiques apres catheterisme percutane de l'artere femorale sont rares mais peuvent compliquer l'utilisation des dispositifs de fermeture vasculaire (DFV). Le but de notre etude etait de comparer retrospectivement les complications ischemiques et hemorragiques du catheterisme de l'artere femorale et d'identifier les facteurs associes aux complications ischemiques. Les registres operatoires des chirurgiens vasculaires d'un hopital academique et de deux hopitaux communautaires ont ete etudies retrospectivement pour identifier toutes les complications du catheterisme arteriel femoral necessitant une intervention chirurgicale. Les donnees concernant la demographie, les aspects cliniques, la procedure, les donnees operatoires et les resultats ont ete compares entre les malades ayant des complications ischemiques et hemorragiques. De Janvier 2001 a Decembre 2006, 95 malades ont du etre operes pour des complications en rapport avec un catheterisme de l'artere femorale, 40 d'entre eux ayant des complications ischemiques (groupe 1) et 55 des complications hemorragiques (groupe 2). Par rapport aux complications hemorragiques, les complications ischemiques etaient observees plus frequemment en cas de jeune âge, de tabagisme, de mise en place d'un DFV et, si l'on controlait les donnees en fonction de l'utilisation d'un DFV, du sexe feminin. La duree avant la presentation etait egalement significativement plus longue chez les malades ayant des complications ischemiques. Les complications ischemiques sont reconnues de facon croissante apres catheterisme de l'artere femorale. Les chirurgiens vasculaires doivent s'attendre a de nouveaux types de lesions apres catheterisme de l'artere femorale, necessitant souvent une reconstruction arterielle complexe.
Protein−Ligand Mediated Aggregation of Nanoparticles: A Study of Synthesis and Assembly Mechanism

Two difunctional, asymmetric PEG linkers were synthesized and utilized to prepare water-soluble, biotinylated CdS@SiO2 particles with various surface contents of the biotin groups. Aqueous dispersions of these particles were prepared, and upon addition of avidin, aggregation was observed using DLS, TEM, and SEM analysis. The resulting aggregates were dense but also had fractal shapes. It was shown that single-angle DLS measurements at 90° were sufficiently accurate for quickly measuring the size of the aggregates as it evolved with time. Initial aggregation rates were measured as a function of surface biotin content of the nanoparticles and initial avidin concentration. The initial rates displayed bell-shaped curve responses to variations in the avidin-to-particle ratio and biotin-to-avidin ratio, the shapes of which were attributed to the stoichiometric balance/imbalance of the avidin-to-biotin ratio in the system and to intraparticle and interparticle bridges that could sterically block avidin from reac...
Translating Empire: Emulation and the Origins of Political Economy. By Sophus A. Reinert. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011. Pp. xii, 438. $55.00.)

This is a splendid book. It is well written, immensely learned, provocative in argument, and novel in approach. Sophus A. Reinert sets out to convince the reader that the standard intellectual hist...
Rods and cones project to the inner plexiform layer during development.

Mature rod and cone photoreceptor cells extend terminals to the outer plexiform layer (OPL), where they form characteristic spherules or pedicles, synapsing with the second-order neurons of the inner nuclear layer (INL). The present study demonstrates that, prior to the formation of this connectivity, immature rods and cones in the ferret extend processes beyond the level of the horizontal cells and future OPL, reaching the inner plexiform layer (IPL). The number of processes extending to the IPL increases steadily as the population of photoreceptor cells expands postnatally, reaching a maximum 2 weeks after birth. These processes are immunopositive for synaptophysin, and they terminate in two strata occupied by the dendrites of amacrine cells and ganglion cells. The frequency of these processes declines rapidly during the third postnatal week, and they are no longer detectable by the fourth postnatal week. Their loss is neither a consequence of photoreceptor cell death nor is it due to selective protein trafficking mechanisms that render them immunonegative. Rather, these processes retract to the level of the OPL during this period, coincident with the maturation of bipolar and horizontal cell processes. These results demonstrate that, despite the clear presence of environmental signals presaging the formation of the OPL, photoreceptor terminals initially ignore them to grow beyond this level of the retina. Rather, they detect and respond to signals within the IPL during this period, terminating in proximity to the processes of other cells in the inner retina, where they may contribute to transient retinal circuitry during early development.
Stop Saying No: Start Empowering Copyright Role Models

The Excelsior College Library is turning fearful faculty members into empowered copyright role models. Geared towards institutions operating without a copyright policy or department, this article outlines a three-step process for fostering faculty collaboration surrounding copyright practices: (1) Give faculty and course developers the tools and confidence necessary for making responsible copyright decisions. In addition to providing quick guides about fair use and the TEACH Act, we also promote the use of library resources and other rights-cleared materials such as those with Creative Commons licenses, (2) Reinforce the library's recommendations by hosting periodic professional development sessions that emphasize the faculty member's responsibility in making balanced and fair copyright decisions, and (3) Share specific examples of how to model good copyright behaviors in online courses. The authors emphasize that by simply modeling copyright responsibly, faculty can help students learn how to avoid plagi...
The effect of fraction size on control of early glottic cancer

A retrospective analysis of 600 patients treated for head and neck malignancy at the Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center was undertaken. Patients who had surgical intervention (excluding biopsy) were withdrawn from this review. Fifty-eight patients with Stage I Glottic Laryngeal Carcinoma were identified and constitute the basis of this report. Various parameters were analyzed to assess their impact on local control. These include age, sex, serum hemoglobin, tumor bulk, differentiation, field size, total dose, total treatment time, and fraction size. Overall local control was 87% with a median follow-up of 63 months. The only factor that influenced local control was fraction size. Of 28 patients treated with 180 cGy fractions, seven (25%) had a local recurrence within 3 years. Twenty-eight patients treated with 200 cGy or greater fractions have had no failures to date. The difference in control rate when comparing the two treatment schema was significant (p < 0.01). The median dose in the controlled 180 cGy group was 6660 cGy (range, 6300–7020 cGy). In the patients who failed in the 180 cGy group the median dose was 6660 cGy (range, 6480–6840 cGy). The patients receiving 200 cGy fractions or greater had a median dose of 6600 cGy (range, 6000–6950 cGy) and an average dose of 6507 cGy. The mean NSD in the 180 cGy group failing was 1787 RET (range, 1735–1843 RET). Patients who were controlled and received 180 cGy fractions had a median NSD of 1796 RET (range, 1743–1868). The mean NSD in the 200 cGy group was 1847 RET. The median TDF in the 180 cGy group of patients controlled was 102. Those failing also had a TDF of 102 (range, 101–105). Patients receiving 200 cGy fractions or greater had a median TDF of 109. It appears from this data that fraction size is a highly significant factor in our ability to control glottic laryngeal cancer.
Effect of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol on the immune response in mice.

Abstract The effect of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) on the immune system was investigated. Mice were exposed to DES through maternal dosing (0.1 mg/kg body wt) on Day 16 of gestation. Parameters of cell-mediated and humoral immune function were evaluated between 7 and 9 weeks of age. DES slightly suppressed cellmediated immune function in both males and females. In contrast, a sex specificity was noted in humoral immune function with enhanced antibody responses to a T-independent antigen in males and either no effect or slight suppression in females.
Formal fibers and birational extensions

Suppose (R, m) is a local Noetherian domain with quotient field K and m-adic completion Ȓ. It is well known that the fibers of the morphism Spec(Ȓ) ₒ Spec(R), i.e., the formal fibers of R, encode important information about the structure of R. Perhaps the most important condition in Grothendieck’s definition of R being excellent is that the formal fibers of R be geometrically regular. Indeed, a local Noetherian ring is excellent provided it is universally catenary and has geometrically regular formal fibers [G, (7.8.3), page 214]. But the structure of the formal fibers of R is often difficult to determine. We are interested here in bringing out the interrelatedness of properties of the generic formal fiber of R with the existence of certain local Noetherian domains C birationally dominating R and having C/m C is a finite R-module.
Cystic orbital metastasis from endometrial carcinoma.

Purpose: To describe a rare orbital metastasis with atypical presentation. Design and Methods: Retrospective case report. Results: The patient presented with a rapid onset of a cystic orbital lesion after a presumptive diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma that had been completely excised eight months ago. This was the initial presentation of widespread metastasis. Conclusions: Endometrial carcinomas can metastasize to the orbit and may have a very atypical presentation.
Education in medical documentation in West Germany

Education in medical documentation and information processing in Germany is characterized by three principal levels of training: (1) The Documentation Assistant, (2) The Diploma (Degree) in Medical Informatics or a degree in Informatics (computing) with medical applications and medi cine with computer applications, and (3) The Certificate of The GMDS, a professional recognition conferred by a learned society.
Collisional excitation of CO by 2.3 eV H atoms

Vibrational and rotational distributions of CO excited by collisions with 2.3 eV H atoms have been obtained by monitoring the products with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) laser induced fluorescence. Translational‐to‐vibrational (T→V) transfer is dominated by the dynamics of collisions occurring in the two wells on the H+CO potential energy surface, one characterizing the HCO radical and the other characterizing COH. The measured vibrational distributions agree well with the results of trajectory calculations performed on the ab initio potential energy surface of Bowman, Bittman, and Harding (BBH). The measured rotational distributions show two significant differences from the calculated ones. First, for v=0 the experiments find more population in J<15 than predicted. This discrepancy may be due to errors in the repulsive part of the BBH surface that is outside the HCO and COH wells, but inside the van der Waals well. Second, for v=1, the experimental distribution is flat from J=0 to J=10, whereas the calculated...
Sa1542 Evolving Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound Before Surgery After Medical Down-Staging of Pancreaticobiliary Cancers

has been already applied as a minimally invasive, palliative therapy in hepatic and thyroid lesions. In a previous study we assessed the feasibility of EUS Nd: YAG LA on normal pancreatic tissue performed in-vivo in a porcine model. Aims: to confirm the feasibility and to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of EUS Nd:YAG LA on normal pancreatic tissue of in-vivo porcine model. Material and Methods: Six healthy farm swines, weighted 40-50 Kg, underwent pancreas LA under EUS control during general anaesthesia. Pancreatic gland was punctured with a 19-gauge needle through transgastric approach. A 1.064-nm wavelenght Nd:YAG laser was used. Output power of 2 and 3 W with a total delivered energy of 1000 J was supplied in continuous mode, as used in our previous pilot study. Serum levels of amylase, lipase and transaminase were obtained at baseline, after three hours of the endoscopic treatment, and before the euthanizing of the animals. After the endoscopic treatment the animals were observed for clinical signs of pancreatitis (loss of appetite, altered consciousness and irritability). After 1 month the animals were sedated and then euthanized by i.v. injection of pento-barbital (100mg/Kg). The EUS-LA target organ was excised and placed in formalin. Histological examination of the specimens was performed by a single pathologist. Results: All pancreatic specimens showed histological signs of coagulative necrosis. The ablation volume ranged from a mean of 357 to 590 mm3. No histochemical signs of pancreatitis were found at pathologic examination. All the pigs survived at 1 month. During the follow-up no pigs showed clinical signs of pancreatitis and biochemical parameters were normal. No other complications were detected at necropsy. Conclusions: EUSguided Nd:YAG LA of pancreas performed in vivo in a porcine model is feasible and safe. Nd:YAG laser creates a time-dependent ablation volume. Furthermore other studies are needed to apply this mini-invasive approach to human pancreatic lesions.
Predictable Casting for Dimensional Shrinkage of Fast-cast Post-and-cores

Clinical Relevance A cast post-and-core needs to be slightly smaller than the space created for it. This paper looks at three methods to cast post-and-cores and evaluates the predictability of dimensional shrinkage for the three methods. The use of a phosphate investment with an accelerated technique can produce shrinkage with consistency in dimensional stability.
Anesthetic implications of Larsen syndrome

In this article I present two children with Larsen syndrome who required anesthetic care during surgical procedures of the ear-nose-throat (ENT) region. The anesthetic implications of this disorder are discussed. Larsen syndrome consists of multiple joint dislocations and a characteristic facies. Associated orthopedic abnormalities include cervical spine vertebral body hypoplasia and hemivertebrae, which may lead to cervical kyphosis and compromise of cervical cord function. Of prime importance to the anesthesiologist are the associated defects of the airway including laryngotracheomalacia, which may predispose the patient to perioperative respiratory compromise. Associated cardiac defects have also been described including atrial and ventricular septal defects.
In Search of Structure: The Nonlinear Dynamics of Power Transitions

Power Transitions (PT) anticipates interstate conflict or cooperation by examining dynamic changes in the distribution of power across the international system, as well as each nation's (or politic...
On Scanning the Trail Ahead: Comment on “The Pennsylvania Practice Research Network and Future Possibilities for Clinically Meaningful and Scientifically Rigorous Psychotherapy Effectiveness Research”

In this commentary I discuss the context within which the concept of science practice collaboration in practice research networks developed. I then outline some of the potential difficulties in obtaining large-scale participation of practitioners in naturalistic research. Finally, suggestions for an improved understanding of practitioners' perspectives are offered.
Job stressors and job satisfaction in a major metropolitan public EMS service.

Introduction: Behavioral and social science research suggests that job satisfaction and job performance are positively correlated. It is important that Emergency Medical Services managers identify predictors of job satisfaction in order to maximize job performance among prehospital personnel. Purpose: Identify job stressors that predict the level of job satisfaction among prehospital personnel. Methods: The study was conducted with in a large, urban Emergency Medical Services (Emergency Medical Services) service performing approximately 60,000 Advanced Life Support (Advanced Life Support) responses annually. Using focus groups and informal interviews, potential predictors of global job satisfaction were identified. These factors included: interactions with hospital nurses and physicians; on-line communications; dispatching; training provided by the ambulance service; relationship with supervisors and; standing orders as presently employed by the ambulance service. These factors were incorporated into a 21 item questionnaire including one item measuring global job satisfaction, 14 items measuring potential predictors of satisfaction, and seven questions exploring demographic information such as age, gender, race, years of experience, and years with the company. The survey was administered to all paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians (Emergency Medical Technicians s) Results of the survey were analyzed using univariate and multivariate techniques to identify predictors of global job satisfaction. Results: Ninety paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians participated in the study, a response rate of 57.3%. Job satisfaction was cited as extremely satisfying by 11%, very satisfying by 29%, satisfying by 45%, and not satisfying by 15% of respondents. On univariate analysis, only the quality of training, quality of physician interaction, and career choice were associated with global job satisfaction. On multivariate analysis, only career choice (p = 0.005) and quality of physician interaction (p = 0.05) were predictive of global job satisfaction Conclusion: Quality of career choice and interactions with physicians are predictive of global job satisfaction within this urban emergency medical service (Emergency Medical Technicians). Future studies should examine specific characteristics of the physician-paramedic interface that influence job satisfaction and attempt to generalize these results to other settings.
Fair Round-Robin: A Low Complexity Packet Schduler with Proportional and Worst-Case Fairness

Round robin based packet schedulers generally have a low complexity and provide long-term fairness. The main limitation of such schemes is that they do not support short-term fairness. In this paper, we propose a new low complexity round robin scheduler, called Fair Round Robin (FRR), that overcomes this limitation. FRR has similar complexity and long-term fairness properties as the stratified round robin scheduler, a recently proposed scheme that arguably provides the best quality-of-service properties among all existing round robin based low complexity packet schedulers. FRR offers better short-term fairness than stratified round robin and other existing round robin schedulers.
Membrane repair and immunological danger

Antigens are able to elicit productive immune responses only when second signals are provided by adjuvant molecules. It is well established that exogenously acquired, pathogen-associated molecular patterns fulfil this adjuvant role when recognized by specific receptors on antigen-presenting cells. Recent evidence points to the existence of another class of adjuvant, which is apparently released from injured cells. Such endogenous adjuvants, referred to as ‘danger’ signals, could alert the immune system to situations that cause cell damage, but not necessarily those that involve infections. Endogenous adjuvants provide a good explanation for immune responses generated against tumours and autologous tissues, but it has been difficult to explain how a constant activation of the immune system is avoided, considering the frequency at which cells are injured in vivo. Here, we suggest that the efficiency with which cells reseal wounds in their plasma membrane might be an important factor in the balance between tolerance and autoimmunity. Recent observations in synaptotagmin-VII-deficient mice suggest that defective membrane repair could lead to autoimmunity in tissues that are more susceptible to mechanical injury.
Doppler ultrasonographic findings on hepatic arterial vasospasm early after liver transplantation

Objective Hepatic arterial vasospasm has not been well recognized clinically as a post-liver transplant vascular complication because of the lack of sufficient data and diagnostic standards. The goal of this study was to provide new evidence and a diagnostic model for the clinical appreciation of hepatic arterial vasospasm and evaluate the role of ultrasonography in the diagnostic process. Methods Nine post-orthotopic liver transplant cases were retrospectively reviewed. Multiple clinical measurements were analyzed. Routine Doppler ultrasonography was performed within 24 hours, and additional ultrasonographic examinations were conducted as indicated. Each of the 9 patients was given a single 10 mg dose of nifedipine sublingually and monitored by ultrasonography when vasospasm was suspected on the basis of the Doppler ultrasonographic results. Results Doppler ultrasonography showed high-resistance hepatic arterial flow with absence of antegrade flow and even reversal of flow during diastole both extrahepatically and intrahepatically in all cases. Ten to 45 minutes after administration of the vasodilator, antegrade diastolic flow was observed along the course of the main hepatic artery and its intrahepatic branches with the resistive indices decreasing on average from 1.0 to 0.76. In addition, the peak systolic velocities increased from 57 cm/s before nifedipine administration to 77 cm/s after administration. Conclusions High-resistance hepatic arterial flow (resistive index = 1) early after liver transplantation is indicative of hepatic arterial vasospasm if it responds to vasodilators. Doppler ultrasonography is a useful tool for the diagnosis of this vascular complication.
Associative Anaphora Resolution: A Web-Based Approach

We present a novel approach to solving definite descriptions in unrestricted text based on searching the web for a particular type of lexico-syntactic patterns. Using statistics on these patterns, we intend to recover the antecedents for a predefined subset of definite descriptions occurring in two types of anaphoric relations: identity anaphora and associative anaphora. Preliminary results obtained with this method are promising and compare well with other methods.
Timing of Lethality From Gastrointestinal Syndrome in Mice Revisited

The standard time assay for mice lethality from the gastrointestinal (GI) vs. bone marrow (BM) syndrome after whole body radiation (WBR) has recently been an issue of debate in conjunction with studies that have provided a new mechanistic understanding of the radiation-induced damage to the intestinal mucosa (1). Mice exposed to 8–20 Gy, single-dose WBR succumb to depletion of the bone marrow stem cell/hematopoietic progenitor pool (resulting in the BM syndrome) (2), the intestinal crypt stem cell clonogen compartment (resulting in the GI syndrome) (3), or both. An early report by Mason et al. (4) defined the kinetics of BM and GI lethality in pathogen-free C3Hf/Sed/Kam mice. When exposed to doses resulting in lethality of 10% (LD10) to 90% (LD90) from pure BM failure (8.3–9.4 Gy), death occurred within 14–17 days after WBR. At the LD100, the animals died at a median of 13 days. As the dose was escalated to$14 Gy WBR, the GI syndrome predominated, effecting mouse lethality at significantly shorter times. Mice exposed to 14.7 Gy (LD10 for GI lethality) died at a median of 12 days, and at the LD90 level (17.95 Gy), death occurred at 8 days. These observations were confirmed by Terry and Travis (5), who reported that >90% of C3Hf/Sed/ Kam mice who developed the GI syndrome were dead by the 10th day after WBR, with a peak incidence at Day 8. According to these data, an endpoint of 10 days after WBR has been widely accepted as an indirect indicator of GI lethality. Although these data have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of the GI syndrome progresses rapidly during Days 6–10 after WBR, the studies also showed that a process of BM damage occurs concomitantly (4, 5). Inhibition of the marrow component by syngeneic BM transplantation at 12–24 hours after WBR, or attenuating BM damage by restricting the treatment fields to total abdominal irradiation (TAI), shifted the dose– lethality curve by 3–4 Gy (4, 5). Lethality occurred in these BM-protected mice after $19 Gy, with >90% of the animals
Rrp2, a σ 54-dependent transcriptional activator of Borrelia burgdorferi, activates rpoS in an enhancer-independent manner

Rrp2 is the sole σ54-dependent transcriptional activator present in the Borrelia burgdorferi genome. We showed that recombinant Rrp2 binds to DNA in a sequence-nonspecific manner. During infection, Rrp2 activates σ54-dependent rpoS expression without an apparent upstream enhancer element commonly associated with other σ54-dependent transcriptional activators.
Own-gender imitation activates the brain's reward circuitry

Imitation is an important component of human social learning throughout life. Theoretical models and empirical data from anthropology and psychology suggest that people tend to imitate self-similar individuals, and that such imitation biases increase the adaptive value (e.g., self-relevance) of learned information. It is unclear, however, what neural mechanisms underlie people’s tendency to imitate those similar to themselves. We focused on the own-gender imitation bias, a pervasive bias thought to be important for gender identity development. While undergoing fMRI, participants imitated own- and other-gender actors performing novel, meaningless hand signs; as control conditions, they also simply observed such actions and viewed still portraits of the same actors. Only the ventral and dorsal striatum, orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala were more active when imitating owncompared to other-gender individuals. A Bayesian analysis of the BrainMap neuroimaging database demonstrated that the striatal region preferentially activated by own-gender imitation is selectively activated by classical reward tasks in the literature. Taken together, these findings reveal a neurobiological mechanism associated with the own-gender imitation bias and demonstrate a novel role of reward-processing neural structures in social behavior.
Measurement of retinoids and carotenoids in breast adipose tissue and a comparison of concentrations in breast cancer cases and control subjects.

A case-control study of the associations of reti- noids and specific carotenoids with breast cancer using concentra- tions of these nutrients in breast adipose tissue was conducted among women attending a breast clinic in the Boston area in 1989-1992. Breast adipose tissue was collected during breast biopsy. Cases (n = 46) were women whose biopsies revealed invasive or in situ breast cancer; control subjects (n = 63) were women whose biopsies revealed benign disease. We observed inverse associations between breast adipose concentrations of reti- noids and carotenoids and risk of breast cancer, although not all were statistically significant. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio comparing women above the median value of the control group for retinol with those below or equal to the median was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.26, 1.93; NS); corresponding odds ratios were 0.61 (95% CI: 0.23, 1.64; NS) for retinyl palmitate, 0.30 (95% CI: 0.1 1, 0.85) for /3-carotene, 0.32 (95% CI: 0. 1 1, 0.94) for lycopene, and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.27, 1.73; NS) for lutein/zeaxanthin. There was a nonsignif- icant positive correlation (r = 0.23, P = 0. 15) between breast adipose tissue concentrations of retinol and dietary intake of pre- formed vitamin A, including supplements measured by using a food-frequency questionnaire. No correlation was found between breast adipose concentrations of carotenoids and intake of dietary carotenoids. These data suggest that higher breast adipose concen- trations of retinoids and some carotenoids may be associated with decreased risk of breast cancer and that further examination of these relations is warranted. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66:626-32.
A diagnostic approach for electro-mechanical actuators in aerospace systems

Electro-mechanical actuators (EMA) are finding increasing use in aerospace applications, especially with the trend towards all all-electric aircraft and spacecraft designs. However, electro-mechanical actuators still lack the knowledge base accumulated for other fielded actuator types, particularly with regard to fault detection and characterization. This paper presents a thorough analysis of some of the critical failure modes documented for EMAs and describes experiments conducted on detecting and isolating a subset of them. The list of failures has been prepared through an extensive Failure Modes and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) reference, literature review, and accessible industry experience. Methods for data acquisition and validation of algorithms on EMA test stands are described. A variety of condition indicators were developed that enabled detection, identification, and isolation among the various fault modes. A diagnostic algorithm based on an artificial neural network is shown to operate successfully using these condition indicators and furthermore, robustness of these diagnostic routines to sensor faults is demonstrated by showing their ability to distinguish between them and component failures. The paper concludes with a roadmap leading from this effort towards developing successful prognostic algorithms for electromechanical actuators.
Evidential Reasoning in a Computer Vision System

Abstract This paper presents an efficient adaptation and application of the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence, one that can be used effectively in a massively parallel hierarchical system for visual pattern perception. It describes the techniques used, and shows in an extended example how they serve to improve the system's performance as it applies a multiple-level set of processes.
Effects of Third-Order Nonlinearities on the Fourier Representation of Deterministic Wave Trains

The accurate estimation of extreme responses for offshore platforms and supply vessels is critical to the design process. Long time Monte Carlo-type simulations can theoretically capture extreme responses, but this type of simulation is not feasible in the early design process due to the extreme computational expense. An alternative is to use shorter simulations that are tailored to create statistically equivalent extreme responses. The latter requires judicious specification of expected extreme sea conditions.Extreme responses can be estimated using a variety of processes, including the Design Loads Generator (DLG). Assuming a vessel response is Gaussian, stationary, and ergodic, a given response can be approximated as a sum of Fourier amplitudes with random phase angles. The DLG is a process that can calculate innumerable sets of random phase angles that result in a given extreme response or design event. Using linear-systems theory, the corresponding incident-wave phase angles are calculated from the response phase angles and the incident-wave-train profile is determined.A fundamental question that must be answered is how can a nonlinear seaway that produces an extreme event be described such that a wave maker or numerical wave boundary condition be controlled to recreate the nonlinear and extreme seaway. A common practice employs linear wave theory to shift the design event in space and time. The shifted phase angles can then be used to drive a wavemaker with the intent of producing the desired wave train at a given point. However, nonlinearities in wave propagation result in an inaccurately generated design wave train. This paper focuses on the role of wave nonlinearity in the evolution of the wave system and how this can be accounted for in the control of a physical or virtual wave maker.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
HTS/III-V Hybrid Microwave Circuits

Application of high temperature superconductor (HTS) thin films in microwave systems may require a range of microwave devices and the hybrid integration of these devices with III-V semiconductors. To demonstrate the utility of HTS microwave technology, we have developed several prototype HTS/III-V hybrid devices including wide band amplifiers, narow band amplifiers, and very low phase noise oscillators. C-band amplifiers designed to function at cryogenic temperatures show a 3 dB gain over those at room temperature. Low phase noise oscillators stabilized by HTS half wavelength resonators with loaded Q value of 3 × 103 or a sapphire loaded HTS resonator cavity with a loaded Q value of 1.2 × 106 at 80 K have been fabricated and tested. The phase noise at 70 K of the sapphire loaded HTS resonator cavity was below -125 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz off-set and limited by the test equipment This is the lowest phase noise yet reported for such an HTS stabilized oscillator.
Dynamic Surface Tension of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions

Abstract A quantitative theory of the dynamic surface tension with a constant diffusion coefficient is developed for diffusion-controlled and diffusion-convective-controlled adsorption. The effect of the convective transfer is estimated in an analytical form for the short-time and large-time approximations. It is concluded that the dynamic surface tension can be described by the diffusion-convective controlled model. It is shown that the equation of F(γ,(t)) = log[(γ0 - γ(t))/(γ(t) - γe)] = n log(t/t) is valid over a wide range of time. The phenomenological approach of Rosen and co-workers is shown to be asymptotical correlation n equals one-half. The simple formula is derived to calculate the parameters n, t, D (diffusion coefficient), and the dynamic surface tension over a wide range of time for adsorption isotherms of different types (linear, Langmuir, and Freundlich).
Some Recent and Emerging Topics on Seismic Wave Methods for Geotechnical Site Characterization

New developments in surface-based seismic wave methods are described around three significant themes: 1) array signal processing, 2) numerical methods for solving the equations of wave propagation, and 3) global optimization methods for solving the inverse problem. These themes are illustrated via examples from surface wave, refraction-based travel time, and full waveform inversion techniques. Based on concepts from array signal processing, inversion of the combined dispersion curve from a non-uniform active-source surface wave array and a 2D passive-source array yielded a significantly deeper shear wave velocity profile for a site in Florida than produced using dispersion data from a sledgehammer source uniform array and ReMi. A new technique is presented to invert refraction-type first-arrival times using the multistencils fast marching method finite-difference solution of the Eikonal equation and simulated annealing global optimization. A comparison of inversion results utilizing the new technique to analyze data collected simultaneously within a borehole and along the ground surface against inversion results developed using just the surface data suggests that significant additional resolution of inverted profiles at depth are obtained, and uncertainties are significantly reduced with the addition of a borehole. Lastly, techniques are presented to invert full waveforms using two global optimization methods, a genetic algorithm and simulated annealing. The inversion scheme is based on a finite-difference solution of the 2D elastic wave equation in the time-distance domain. It is demonstrated that these inversion techniques are capable of characterizing both lowand high-velocity layers in laterally inhomogeneous profiles, and that full waveform inversion is computationally practical.
Tunable homodyne detection using nonlinear optical signal processing to automatically lock a “local” pump laser to an incoming 20-to-40-Gbaud QPSK data signal

We propose and demonstrate tunable homodyne detection using nonlinear optical signal processing to automatically lock a “local” pump laser to an incoming 20-to-40-Gbaud QPSK data signal. Open eyes are obtained for both in-phase and quadrature components of the signal after ~200km transmission over SMF-28 and DCF fibers. The BER performance of the proposed homodyne detection scheme is also compared with the conventional intradyne receiver.
Etoricoxib: a new non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug

Etoricoxib,a new non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID),is a selective COX-2 inhibitor.It can be used for the treatment of osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,acute gout,chronic musculoskeletal pain,acute dental surgery pain and primary dysmenorrheal pain.In this paper,pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,clinical assessments,adverse reactions,and drug interactions of etoricoxib were reviewed.
Gadolinium encephalopathy after intrathecal gadolinium injection.

Background Gadolinium-induced encephalopathy is a well documented complication due to the inadvertent entrance of a high dose of gadolinium into the intrathecal compartment. In lab animals, injecting gadolinium into the intrathecal compartment resulted in neurotoxicity and seizures. It is also well recognized that the presence of autologous blood in the intrathecal compartment can cause a broad range of neurological changes that can include seizures and mental status changes. At the time of writing this report, there were no references in the literature of simultaneous injection of gadolinium and blood into the subarachnoid space. Case We present a case of a patient who received a high dose of gadolinium in the epidural space for needle placement confirmation during a fluoroscopically-guided epidural steroid injection for the treatment of lumbar radiculopathy. The injection was complicated by a wet tap necessitating an epidural blood patch for post-dural puncture headache. Shortly after the injection of the autologous blood, the patient developed grand-mal seizures and mental status changes requiring endotracheal intubation and admission to an intensive care unit. We describe the clinical course and management, as well as brain MRI findings and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes. The patient made a complete recovery and was discharged. Conclusion This case reinforces the need for using a low dose of gadolinium for the confirmation of needle placement in the epidural space, especially in procedures that carry the risk of inadvertent intrathecal injection. We attribute these findings to inadvertent simultaneous intrathecal injection of high dose gadolinium and autologous blood. A literature review of the cases of gadolinium-induced encephalopathy is provided followed by discussion.
The Muscle-Bone Connection

The endocrine nature of bones and skeletal muscles has become evident with the identification of several secreted molecules from these tissues. Cell based studies have demonstrated that conditioned media from one tissue can beneficially influence the other. Animal models of bone and muscle research have further supported the bone-muscle biochemical connection. This knowledge, in light of the tight developmental and genetic coupling of these tissues, large bivariate GWAS studies that have identified potentially pleiotropic bone-muscle genes, and the concurrence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia in older adults justifies a closer examination of the biochemical crosstalk between bones and muscles. In-depth understanding of the bone-muscle connection could pave the way to new treatments for musculoskeletal diseases.
100-mV 44-µW 2.4-GHz LNA in 16 nm FinFET technology

To achieve both ultra-low-voltage (ULV) and ultra-low-power (ULP), we adopted the sub-threshold design on gate and near-triode design on drain terminals. The proposed low-noise amplifier (LNA) achieves a power gain of 6.9 dB and a noise figure (NF) of 3.0 dB at 2.4 GHz. The PDC is 44 µW under a VDD of 100 mV. The input and output matching are −10.4 dB and −5.7 dB, respectively. The LNA is fabricated in TSMC FinFET Plus CMOS technology.
GPU-based Design for Fingerprint Matching

Fingerprint matching with latent prints and Image recognition using partial information are few of the significant problems in current forensic and computer vision research. Computer vision research has the important role in medical, robotics, economics, and forensic (crime-related) areas. In the crime scene, complete fingerprint or image (caught by the camera) is usually not available. The full image of a fingerprint or partial image is typical in most of the crime data. The crime branch identifies the related match of criminal's data with the help of collected images including partial image data. In this research, we introduce the fingerprint background, classification, and deep learning artificial neural network model to identify the closest match image (print) for a given fingerprint image data using MATLAB tool. The model uses the digits to train and test the data. Later, we replaced the digits with fingerprint images to train the network. The test results are satisfactory. We did not use the GPU-based model in the current implementation. We are working on the GPU-based model using NVIDIA Caffe/Digits to recognize the actual fingerprint using latent print
Note on the Use of Diametrical Compression to Determine Tablet Tensile Strength.

The diametrical compression (DC) test, as defined in United States Pharmacopeia and in American Society for Testing and Materials testing standard D 3967, has been used extensively to derive the tensile strength (TS) of pharmaceutical tablets from the measured breaking force. DC-derived TSs provide a good approach to measuring the consistency of tablet mechanical properties from one batch to the next. For these quality control type applications, method precision is required, but accuracy is not. In addition, DC has been used to calibrate parameters of the Druker Prager Cap model, a yield criterion expressing the failure of a powder compact under arbitrary 3D loading conditions. For this application, the DC method must not only provide suitable precision but also provide accuracy. In this work, we explore the accuracy of the DC method by comparing TS results to those of the 3-point bend test method (also defined in United States Pharmacopeia ). We conclude that the true TS of a powder compact is approximately double the DC-derived value. Although historical literature assumes that tablets fracture under tension along the centerline of the tablet, analysis of the stress state suggests that tablets are likely to fracture under shear. The impact of this ∼50% error should be considered when accuracy of the TS result is required.
A measure of plastic anisotropy for hexagonal close packed metals: Application to alloying effects on the formability of Mg

Abstract Mg is inherently plastically anisotropic and, over the years, alloying development efforts have sought to reduce the plastic anisotropy in order to enhance formability. To understand the relationship between alloy type and plastic anisotropy, we use a visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal plasticity model to relate the macroscopic constitutive response to the underlying slip and twinning mechanisms in pure Mg and several Mg alloys. In the calculations, the influence of alloy type is represented by the differences in the CRSS values among the basal, prismatic, pyramidal slip and tensile twin systems. We show that for the same initial texture, this microscopic-level CRSS anisotropy can have a significant effect on the macroscopic indicators of formability, namely the anisotropy of the post-deformation polycrystal yield surface, tension-compression yield asymmetry, and Lankford coefficients. A plastic anisotropy (PA) measure is formulated to quantify the degree of single crystal plastic anisotropy acquired by the dissimilarities in the CRSS values of the slip and twinning modes for a given alloy. We demonstrate a strong correlation between the PA measure with the formability indicators mentioned above for multiple initial textures commonly enountered in processing. We find that alloys can be classified into two groups, those with a PA value below 2, which are more formable, less twinnable, and less sensitive to initial texture, where PA ∼2 for pure Mg, and those with a PA value above 2, which possess the opposite deformation response.
Determination of Fracture Toughness of Unidirectionally Fiber-Reinforced Composites

The fracture phenomena in orthotropic composite plates are examined and compared with the fracture in isotropic plates. The extent to which the principles of linear fracture mechanics are applicable to orthotropic plates is studied. It is shown that fracture toughness of unidirectional composites is independent of crack length but dependent on crack-fiber orientation. For experimental verification of the above principles, unidirectional glass epoxy material (Scotchply 1002) was used. The fracture toughness of Scotchply 1002 for different crack-fiber orientations is obtained by utilizing Solid Sap finite element program and compact tension specimens. An empirical formula relating the fracture toughness of the material for different crack-fiber orientation is found.