cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Viable ultraviolet insensitive supersymmetry breaking

It is known that one can add D-term contributions for U(1)Y and U(1)B−L to the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking to make the superparticle spectrum phenomenologically viable. We point out that this can be done without spoiling its important virtue, namely the ultraviolet insensitivity. This framework can be derived from supersymmetry breaking and U(1)B−L breaking on hidden brane(s).
Multifunctional Composites Containing Molybdenum Carbides as Potential Electrocatalysts

The aim of the current study is to determine the feasibility of introducing fuel cell functionality on the surfaces of carbon-based composite materials. This can potentially be achieved by the synthesis of molybdenum carbides on the surfaces of carbon foam, which is a light and rigid material that can be used as structural components in aircrafts and vehicles. The current study employed physical vapor deposition (PVD) to deposit molybdenum on the carbon foam substrate. The ratio of surface molybdenum and surface carbon was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The combination of PVD and in situ XPS allowed for the synthesis of molybdenum-coated carbon foam samples with desirable and reproducible Mo/C ratios. The coated films were then heated in vacuum to promote the reaction between molybdenum and carbon foam to produce surface molybdenum carbides. The carbide-coated samples were further characterized using XPS, near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Platinum metal was also deposited via PVD on carbon foam, both with and without the presence of molybdenum carbide on the foam surface. The electrochemical stability of Pt-coated foams was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV).
Evaluation of the Life Margin of Oscillating Needle Roller Bearings

The life-margin of oscillating caged needle roller bearings is determined in an explicit non-statistical manner. Life-margin is the difference between the first macroscopic evidence of spalling fatigue and the end of useful bearing life. The bearings were life tested under service conditions closely duplicating those in helicopter rotor vertical and horizontal hinge pin locations. Test results are presented for nineteen bearings lubricated with MIL-L-7808 oil. The use of magnetic chip-detectors and spectrometric oil analysis as failure indicating devices are discussed. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASME/ASLE Lubrication Conference hold in Atlantic City, New Jersey, October 8–10. 1968.
Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma derived from actinic keratosis

BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with histologically contiguous actinic keratosis has long been thought of as a tumor with minimal risk for metastasis. The objective of this study was to determine if contiguous actinic keratosis is present in the original tumors of metastatic cutaneous SCC and to describe the histologic features of these tumors. METHODS The primary lesions of 22 patients with metastatic cutaneous SCC were examined using light microscopy. RESULTS Contiguous actinic keratosis was present histologically in 44% of the original lesions of cutaneous SCC that metastasized. The average tumor thickness was 6.6 mm. Greater than 66% of the tumors were well or moderately differentiated. The skin adjacent to the tumors showed solar degeneration in almost all instances. CONCLUSIONS The histologic presence of contiguous actinic keratosis is not a useful predictor of the metastatic behavior of cutaneous SCC. Increased tumor thickness and depth of invasion are the most consistent histopathologic features of cutaneous SCC that metastasize. Cancer 1997; 79:920-3. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Validating Female Psychopathy Subtypes: Differences in Personality, Antisocial and Violent Behavior, Substance Abuse, Trauma, and Mental Health

Recent empirical investigations utilizing male prisoners have begun to validate clinical conceptualizations of primary and secondary psychopathy subtypes. We extended this literature by identifying similar psychopathic subtypes in female prisoners on the basis of personality structure using model-based cluster analysis. Secondary psychopaths (n = 39) were characterized by personality traits of negative emotionality and low behavioral constraint, an early onset of antisocial and criminal behavior, greater substance use and abuse, more violent behavior and institutional misconduct, and more mental health problems including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and suicide attempts. Primary psychopaths (n = 31) exhibited few distinguishing personality features but were prolific criminals especially in regards to non-violent crime, and exhibited relatively few mental health problems despite substantial exposure to traumatic events. The results support alternative etiological pathways to antisocial and criminal behavior that are evident in personality structure as well as gender similarities and differences in the manifestation of psychopathic personalities. Language: en
Cholinergic and dopaminergic alterations in the mouse central nervous system following acute trimethyltin exposure.

: Male mice were given a single oral dose of 0, 1 or 3 mg/kg TMT-hydroxide and sacrificed 48 hrs, 1 and 2 weeks later. Brain areas were removed, dissected and frozen for later analysis of neurotransmitter receptor binding by filtration techniques and determination of concentrations of monoamines and their metabolites by HPLC/EC. Muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding was measured over a [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) concentration range of 0.02 to 2.0 nM. Two days after TMT treatment, affinity of [3H]-QNB binding in frontal cortex increased. Gradual return to control binding affinity was seen over the next 2 weeks. The number of receptors decreased only at high dose after 1 week. In hippocampus, a similar increase was seen only at the 3 mg/kg dose after 1 and 2 weeks. Homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentrations were significantly decreased in the caudate nucleus 2 weeks after TMT treatment; concentrations of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were unaltered, nor was there a change in dopamine receptors as measured by [3H]-spiroperidol binding in the caudate nucleus or frontal cortex. To determine if TMT altered monoamine turnover or metabolite efflux, mice were dosed with 0 or 3 mg/kg TMT; 2 weeks later, pargyline (75 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) was administered and the mice sacrificed 0, 30 and 60 min. later. Monoamines and their metabolites were measured in caudate nucleus. The HVA elimination rate was unchanged. The data suggests that the lower concentrations of dopamine metabolites observed 2 weeks after TMT treatment were due to a decrease in dopamine turnover. The decrease in muscarinic receptor affinity in frontal cortex and hippocampus and the decrease in the rate of dopamine turnover in the caudate nucleus indicate that these 2 systems are affected by TMT and may participate in the expression of its toxicity.
Nomogram to predict the likelihood of upgrade of atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed on a core needle biopsy in mammographically detected lesions

Aims To estimate the likelihood of the upgrade for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) diagnosed on a core needle biopsy of a mammographically detected lesion. Methods and results A total of 203 consecutive ADH cases diagnosed on core biopsy in mammographically detected lesions and having subsequent surgical excision were reviewed. The pathological features of ADH were assessed with multivariable logistic regression to predict the likelihood of upgrade for these patients. A nomogram was created using statistically significant variables. A corresponding formula was created to calculate the risk of upgrade. This risk was divided further into low, intermediate and high. A total of 57 (28.1%) cases had upgrade. A nomogram was created that included age, menopausal status, hormone therapy status, personal history of breast cancer, number of involved cores, solid growth pattern, size of largest focus and mammographic mass versus calcifications. The nomogram had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.775. Conclusions We have developed a user-friendly nomogram that uses easily recognized variables to calculate the likelihood of upgrade for ADH. The nomogram could assist the treating surgeon in decision-making, particularly when the patient is at risk for surgical intervention.
Surgical Management of Recurrent Craniopharyngiomas

Recurrence is the most common complication of all forms of treatment of craniopharyngioma. Reoperation is the preferred treatment for unsuspected residual tumor after primary radical resection. Surgical resection can be curative in the majority of recurrences, especially those with solid tumor. Scarring from previous surgery, particularly following primary radical removal, may increase the technical difficulty of surgery. Although most patients will have a reasonable functional outcome, the morbidity following operation for recurrence is greater than primary surgery with some degree of new deficit being common. Adjuvant irradiation, interstitial irradiation or bleomycin, and serial aspiration of cystic tumors have lower cure rates than surgical resection but may have lower morbidity in selected patients. They are potential adjuvant or second-line treatments for subsequent recurrence.
Corrosion properties of nanocrystalline Co-Cr coatings.

Nanocrystalline and conventional Co-Cr ~ASTM F75! coatings were prepared by plasma spraying for possible orthopedic implant applications. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the macrostructure and microstructure of the resultant sprayed coat- ings. The corrosion resistance was characterized by an in vitro potentiodynamic anodic polarization technique in a pseudo- physiological solution. The nanocrystalline coating has higher porosity, lower corrosion current density, and less localized damage than that of the conventional one, demonstrating better application potential for orthopedic implants. A change in the atomic compositional difference between the grain interior and the grain boundary, the presence of residual strain in the grain interiors, and a change in the repassivation kinetics are dis- cussed as possible explanations for the enhanced corrosion be- havior observed. © 2001 Biomedical Engineering Society. @DOI: 10.1114/1.1397790#
Fragmentation of mixed-symmetry excitations in stable even-even tellurium nuclei

The lowest six excited ${2}^{+}$ levels of the even-even $^{122\ensuremath{-}130}\mathrm{Te}$ nuclei have been investigated using \ensuremath{\gamma}-ray spectroscopy following inelastic neutron scattering. These levels have been identified and their decay properties have been characterized from \ensuremath{\gamma}-ray excitation functions and \ensuremath{\gamma}-ray angular distributions; additionally, lifetimes of these levels have been deduced using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. Electromagnetic transition rates and $E2/M1$ multipole mixing ratios from the ${2}_{x}^{+}[x=2\text{\ensuremath{-}}6]\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{2}_{1}^{+}$ transitions have been examined to identify the lowest mixed-symmetry states in these nuclei. In each nucleus, the mixed-symmetry strength appears to be fragmented between more than one level. The summed $M1$ strength from the ${2}_{x}^{+}$ [$x=2\text{\ensuremath{-}}6$] states to the ${2}_{1}^{+}$ level agrees rather well with neutron-proton interacting boson model predictions in the U(5) or O(6) limits for these Te nuclei.
SOME MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR EFFECTS OF HEAVILY IONIZING RADIATIONS

The present status of macromolecular research with heavy ions and a comparative account of the cellular effects are described. Effects of heavy ions on macromolecules were studied via enzyme inactivation, the dose-effect relation for which was usually found to be exponential. Radiosensitivity modification in macromolecules is discussed. Cellular effects of heavy ions are reviewed in terms of linear energy transfer. (H.M.G.)
Attributions of Female and Male Adolescents for Real-Life Failure Experiences

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether female subjects demonstrate learned helplessness in their attribution patterns to a greater extent than male subjects when they describe failures they actually have experienced. Subjects were 1,462 ninth- and twelfth-grade students (697 boys, 765 girls) from representative rural, urban, and inner-city high schools in the Midwest. The subjects recalled failure experiences from a wide range of achievement domains: school, sports, aesthetics, family, social, and work. The dependent variables were four failure attributions: lack of ability, lack of effort, lack of luck, and lack of cooperation. Sex and achievement domain differences accounted, respectively, for 2% and 18% of the variance in attribution responses. Both boys and girls recalled a substantial and comparable proportion of school-related failures. The strongest differences between boys and girls was in their choice of salient achievement domains outside of school; girls recalled more family...
The primary structure of a plasma membrane guanylate cyclase demonstrates diversity within this new receptor family.

Abstract Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) binds directly to a plasma membrane form of guanylate cyclase (GC-A), stimulating the production of the second messenger cyclic GMP. We show that a second guanylate cyclase/receptor (GC-B) exists, with distinctly different specificities for various natriuretic peptides. A cDNA clone encoding GC-B was isolated by low-stringency screening of a rat brain cDNA library using GC-A cDNA as a probe. The deduced amino acid sequence of GC-B is 78% identical with GC-A within the intracellular region, but 43% identical within the extracellular domain. Cyclic GMP concentrations in cells transfected with GC-A were half-maximally elevated at 3 nM ANP, 25 nM brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and 65 nM atriopeptin 1, while 25 μM ANP, 6 μM BNP, and >100 μM atriopeptin 1 were required for half-maximal stimulation of GC-B. The potencies of natriuretic peptides on GC-A and GC-B activity are therefore markedly different; furthermore, despite the specificity of GC-B for BNP, the relatively high BNP concentration required to elicit a response suggests the possible presence of a more potent, unidentified natural ligand.
Selective adsorption of HMF on porous carbons from fructose/DMSO mixtures

Abstract 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important intermediate chemical for producing valuable chemicals from biomass and can be synthesized with high yield from the dehydration of fructose in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Here, we investigate the room temperature separation of HMF from DMSO for a cost effective recovery of the product from the reaction mixture that contains unreacted fructose. BP2000, Norit1240, BP1300, BP880 and XC72 were tested as sorbents. BP2000 and Norit1240 exhibit selectivity and capacity for HMF. Depending on relative concentrations, HMF/fructose separation factors up to 45 for BP2000 and 13 for Norit1240 were obtained. Under certain conditions, by increasing the concentration of fructose in the solution, HMF adsorption increased significantly.
Weak ideal invariance and orders in artinian rings: Corrigendum

Let R be an associative ring with identity element which has Krull dimension on the left (see [3] for the relevant definitions). For any ordinal α, and any module R X , let τ α ( X ) denote the sum in. X of all cyclic submodules of Krull dimension less than α. (The Krull dimension of a module X will be denoted by |x|.) It is clear that if X ' is a submodule of X , then τα( X ) = X ' ∩ τα( X ) and that f[τ α (X)] ⊆ τ α ( Y ) for any R -homomorphism f: X → Y . Thus τ α defines a torsion preradical.
SYNCHYTRIUM FULGENS IN RELATION TO OTHER SPECIES ON ONAGRACEOUS HOSTS

SYNCHYTRIUM FULGENS was first described by Schroeter (1873) as a parasite of Oenothera biennis in Germany, and since that time it has been reported from Switzerland, Ecuador, Japan and the United States of America on the same host and on other species of Oenothera as well as Epilobium and Clarkia. From specimens present in herbaria in the U.S.A. and elsewhere, it is evident that it has been collected on additional species of the Onagraceae in other localities also. Until recently, S. fulgens was believed to be the only long-cycled species on members of this family, and nearly all herbarium specimens bear this label. However, in 1954 and 1955, the author found that what had been reported as S. fulgens on Oenothera laciniata (Cook, 1945) and an unidentified species on Epilobiuzm francissicum were quite different from Schroeter's species in that the initial cell of the so-called summer cycle functions as a prosorus instead of sorus. Accordingly, for this and for other reasons he named these species S. brownii and S. epilobii, respectively. The discovery of prosori in these species raised the question whether or not they might be present in the summer cycle of S. fulgens also and had been overlooked by Schroeter and Kusano (1930a, b). To answer this question it was necessary to study carefully collections of S. fulgens from various parts of the world where it has been reported to occur. Accordingly, specimens labeled as S. fulgens were obtained from several herbaria, soaked thoroughly in water, fixed in a vacuum to remove air, embedded, sectioned, and stained. Although such specimens are unfavorable for study of developmental stages because of their dried and shrunken condition, sections of sporangial galls usually reveal evidence of the presence or absence of prosori. As the author (1955a, b) has shown, for many species with prosori, a clearly recognizable plug of densely stainable material is deposited in the former exit pore between the empty prosorus and sorus of sporangial galls and persists as long as the remainder of the herbarium specimens do. The presence of this plug indicates that the initial cell has functioned as a prosorus, although the latter may be empty, collapsed and hardly recognizable as such in herbarium material. The presence of a prosorus is very difficult to detect by dissection of dried herbarium specimens, and cytological tech-
Budding of alphaviruses

The icosahedral structures of alphaviruses and of the external shell of the viral nucleocapsid have been defined to very high resolutions, revealing details of the interactions between the glycoproteins to form trimeric spikes, and between the spikes and the nucleocapsid. The structural studies complement biochemical and molecular genetic studies showing that a sequence-specific interaction between the cytoplasmic domains of the glycoproteins and the nucleocapsid drives budding.
Nonlinear mixed effects pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of the anticonvulsant ameltolide (LY201116) in a canine seizure model

The anticonvulsant ameltolide (LY201116) is a novel potential therapy for the treatment of canine epilepsy. Eight dogs were administered five different oral doses of ameltolide and clinical scoring of the maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizures at 3 and 24 h postdosing were determined in two separate crossover design studies. Plasma ameltolide concentrations were determined at the time of seizures in all dogs and complete plasma concentration-time profiles were also determined in a separate study. A nonlinear mixed effects PK/PD model was fit to the resulting data. A one compartment open model with first order absorption was determined to best fit the ameltolide pharmacokinetics. An effect compartment with a cumulative logistic regression equation was used to establish the PK/PD relationship. The mean bioavailability normalized volume of distribution and the elimination half-life were estimated at 1.20 L/kg and 5.46 h, respectively. The fitted model estimated that from 2 to 15 h following a single 3 mg/kg oral ameltolide dose the mean probability of obtaining a 1 unit reduction in the seizure clinical score severity was greater than 0.80. The utilized PK/PD analysis combined with the canine MES model allowed for the rapid and efficient determination of the plasma ameltolide concentration-anticonvulsant relationship preclinically in dogs.
A Multi-Scale System Analysis and Verification for Improved Contact Fatigue Life Cycle of a Cam-Roller System

Surface distress in the form of contact fatigue is encountered in cam-roller systems. The contact fatigue appears to be initiated at micrometer-scale subsurface region. High stress is a result of the macro-scale requirement on the cam-roller motion event that produces high contact loads due to inertia of the roller and its follower link. Sliding of the roller and its impact onto the cam surface further compounds the detrimental effect of contact load. While conventionally a Hertz contact stress analysis can be used in ascertaining contact stress and maximum subsurface von Mises stress, it generally underestimates the stress when compared to the micrometer-scale subsurface stresses due to the presence of surface roughness. Contact analyses of cam and roller with rough surfaces are performed to examine the effects of two surface treatments. These involve surface finishing process in which a surface is rendered smooth, and the addition of a coating to the roller surface. Measurements of such cam and roller surfaces are used in micro-contact analysis module of a Surface Distress Analytical Toolkit to examine the effect of surface finish and coating on maximum subsurface stress. It is found that smooth surface provides a 53% reduction in maximum subsurface stress. The analysis also shows that the addition of coating further reduces subsurface stress nearly 7%. The impact of the combined treatment of the surface is an increase in contact fatigue life of the cam-roller system by nearly two orders of magnitude. The above findings are confirmed by laboratory tests using six rollers with various degrees of finishing processes, and with and without addition of coating to the surfaces. Examination of the rollers indicates a general improvement in roller performance due to addition of coating. Most notably, the combination of finishing process and coating was found to provide the best contact fatigue life since the corresponding rollers showed no observable wear even after testing for 2161 h, or the same number of cycles accumulated over about 500,000 truck miles. DOI: 10.1115/1.2540572
Dissociation of Recombinant Prion Protein Fibrils into Short Protofilaments: Implications for the Endocytic Pathway and Involvement of the N-Terminal Domain

Fibril dissociation is necessary for efficient conversion of normal prion protein to its misfolded state and continued propagation into amyloid. Recent studies have revealed that conversion occurs along the endocytic pathway. To better understand the dissociation process, we have investigated the effect of low pH on the stability of recombinant prion fibrils. We show that under conditions that mimic the endocytic environment, amyloid fibrils made from full length prion protein dissociate both laterally and axially to form protofilaments. About 5% of the protofilaments are short enough to be considered soluble and contain ~100–300 monomers per structure; these also retain the biophysical characteristics of the filaments. We propose that protonation of His residues and charge repulsion in the N-terminal domain trigger fibril dissociation. Our data suggest that lysosomes and late endosomes are competent milieus for propagating the misfolded state not only by destabilizing the normal prion protein, but by accelerating fibril dissociation into smaller structures that may act as seeds.
INTRACLASS GROUPING WITH A WHOLE‐LANGUAGE THRUST

Long‐term ability grouping can have a major negative impact on poor readers. Theorists, researchers, and practitioners have found that this grouping procedure tends to reduce low‐ability groups' interest in learning, diminish their academic self‐concept, and provide them with fewer opportunities for reading connected text. Interestingly, some evidence suggests that whole‐language educators may be so dissatisfied with the traditional three‐group plan that they emphasize only whole‐class or individual activities. These findings as well as common sense support the need for expanding teachers' repertoire of intraclass grouping formats. Thus, five grouping patterns are presented: shared reading, sharing meetings, literature circles, skill groups, and strategy groups. These patterns provide children with flexibility and complement other approaches to organizing instruction.
Differentiation in personality descriptions of the self and others

Abstract Previous studies of the tendency to describe one's own personality or the personality of another in a differentiated, nuanced way have assessed differentiation in terms of number of ascribed traits. Findings have been inconsistent and conclusions compromised by failure to consider a key component of differentiation—the relationships between attributed characteristics. In the two studies reported in this article, the magnitude of the correlations between personality scale descriptions of a target was taken as an inverse indicator of differentiation. In both Study 1, which employed scales from the Personality Research Form (Jackson, 1974), and Study 2, which employed scales from the NEO PI-R (Costa and McCrae, 1992), participants showed greater differentiation in descriptions of themselves than of others and greater differentiation in descriptions of liked than of disliked persons. Participants also revealed a tendency to describe familiar persons in a less differentiated way than persons whom they knew less well. This pattern of findings is well-accommodated by Berscheid et al.'s (1976) ‘outcome dependency’ formulation which proposes that the more vulnerable our welfare to another person's influence, the greater our motivation to construe that person's behavior in dispositional terms.
Proposal for combining Bradyrhizobium spp. (Aeschynomene indica) with Blastobacter denitrificans and to transfer Blastobacter denitrificans (hirsch and muller, 1985) to the genus Bradyrhizobium as Bradyrhizobium denitrificans (comb. nov.)

The symbiotic bradyrhizobia of Aeschynomene indica and the aquatic budding bacterium Blastobacter denitrificans have much in common and this study broadens the characters that are shared between the two. The 23S rRNA gene sequences of the bradyrhizobial isolates were most similar to each other and to the sequence of Bl. denitrificans. Evidence for the presence of photosynthetic genes in the genome of Bl. denitrificans was obtained by PCR using primers to the conserved M subunit (pufM) of the photosynthetic reaction center present in purple sulfur and purple nonsulfur bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequences of the partial PufM protein of Bl. denitrificans and the corresponding sequences obtained from the bradyrhizobial isolates were identical. Both the bradyrhizobial isolates and the type strain of Bl. denitrificans shared the ability to propagate by budding, demonstrated by electron microscopy. Even though many interspecific characters were shared among the bradyrhizobial isolates including Bl. denitrificans, it was evident from Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analysis that genomic variation existed among the collection that was examined. Variation among bradyrhizobial isolates and Bl. denitrificans also was established in carbon and nitrogen source utilization and the ability to grow at elevated temperature. Based on these results and previously reported evidence it is suggested that the type strain for Bl. denitrificans and the bradyrhizobial isolates from nodules of A. indica belong to a common group of bacteria. Therefore, it is proposed that they be combined into the genus Bradyrhizobium and that LMG 8443 be transferred to this genus as the type strain for B. denitrificans.
Vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder with tripping wires

Thin wires are attached on the outer surface and parallel to the axis of a smooth circular cylinder in a steady cross-stream, modelling the effect of protrusions and attachments. The impact of the wires on wake properties, and vortex-induced loads and vibration are studied at Reynolds numbers up to 4.6 × 104, with 3.0 × 104 as a focus point. For a stationary cylinder, wires cause significant reductions in drag and lift coefficients, as well as an increase in the Strouhal number to a value around 0.25–0.27. For a cylinder forced to oscillate harmonically, the main observed wire effects are: (a) an earlier onset of frequency lock-in, when compared with the smooth cylinder case; (b) at moderate amplitude/cylinder diameter (A/D) ratios (0.2 and 0.5), changes in the phase of wake velocity and of lift with respect to motion are translated to higher forcing frequencies, and (c) at A/D = 1.0, no excitation region exists; the lift force is always dissipative.The flow-induced response of a flexibly mounted cylinder with attached wires is significantly altered as well, even far away from lock-in. Parameterizing the response using nominal reduced velocity Vrn = U/fnD, we found that frequency lock-in occurs and lift phase angles change through 180° at Vrn [thkap ] 4.9; anemometry in the wake confirms that a mode transition accompanies this premature lock-in. A plateau of constant response is established in the range Vrn = 5.1–6.0, reducing the peak amplitude moderately, and then vibrations are drastically reduced or eliminated above Vrn = 6.0. The vortex-induced vibration response of the cylinder with wires is extremely sensitive to angular bias near the critical value of Vrn = 6.0, and moderately so in the regime of suppressed vibration.
Multi-attribute sequential decision problem with optimizing and satisficing attributes

Abstract We deal with the multi-attribute decision problem with sequentially presented decision alternatives. Our decision model is based on the assumption that the decision-maker has a major attribute that must be “optimized” and minor attributes that must be “satisficed”. In the vendor selection problem, for example, the product price could be the major factor that should be optimized, while the product quality and delivery time could be the minor factors that should satisfy certain aspiration levels. We first derive the optimal selection strategy for the discrete-time case in which one alternative is presented at each time period. The discrete-time model is then extended to the continuous-time case in which alternatives are presented sequentially at random times. A numerical example is used to analyze the effects of the satisficing condition and the uncertainty on the optimal selection strategy.
Bad neighbors: urban habitats increase cankerworm damage to non-host understory plants

Plants growing in vegetationally diverse habitats or near taxonomically distinct neighbors often experience less herbivory than plants in more simple habitats. When plants experience more herbivory in these situations it is called associational susceptibility and is most common when herbivores spill from their preferred plant host onto neighboring plants. Cankerworms are common pests of urban trees that have been shown in forests to disperse from preferred to less preferred hosts. I found that two common characteristics of urban habitats, low vegetational diversity and exotic plants, affect cankerworm herbivory of non-host understory plants. In an urban landscape I measured cankerworm herbivory on native dogwood trees growing in the open and below cankerworm host and non-host trees. Herbivory of native dogwoods was ten times greater below cankerworm hosts than on trees below non-hosts or in the open. At an arboretum I measured herbivory of native and exotic plants growing below cankerworm hosts in simple landscape plantings and in natural forests. Associational susceptibility of native dogwoods and Rhododendron spp. disappeared when they were growing in complex natural forests even though cankerworm hosts were more abundant. Cankerworms consistently preferred native plant species more than exotic congeners in laboratory experiments. As such, exotic plants experienced very little herbivory regardless of habitat. Herbivorous pests are often more abundant on urban plants than plants in natural habitats. My research shows that, although some plants experience more herbivory when growing near cankerworm hosts, increasing urban habitat complexity could reduce pest damage overall.
Concentration of measure for block diagonal matrices with repeated blocks

The theoretical analysis of randomized compressive operators often relies on the existence of a concentration of measure inequality for the operator of interest. Though commonly studied for unstructured, dense matrices, matrices with more structure are often of interest because they model constraints on the sensing system or allow more efficient system implementations. In this paper we derive a concentration of measure bound for block diagonal matrices where the nonzero entries along the main diagonal are a single repeated block of i.i.d. Gaussian random variables. Our main result states that the concentration exponent, in the best case, scales as that for a fully dense matrix. We also identify the role that the signal diversity plays in distinguishing the best and worst cases. Finally, we illustrate these phenomena with a series of experiments.
Oxcarbazepine-Induced Immunoglobulin Deficiency

We are reporting the first case of oxcarbazepine-induced immunoglobulin deficiency. Although this is known to be a rare adverse reaction to various pharmacologics ([1][1], [4][2], [5][3]), including the anticonvulsant carbamazepine ([3][4], [6][5], [10][6], [11][7]), it has not been previously
FELINE HYPERTHYROIDISM: EFFICACY OF TREATMENT USING VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR RADIOIODINE DOSE CALCULATION

Hyperthyroidism was diagnosed in 80 cats with thyroid scintigraphy using technetium pertechnetate. These cats were subsequently treated with radioiodine using a modified fixed dose method based on the volume of hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue calculated from the pertechnetate scans. The medical records and thyroid scintigrams were evaluated retrospectively. Follow-up was obtained on the cats to evaluate treatment success. Several parameters were evaluated in an attempt to identify a difference between treatment success and failure. Cats that failed to become euthyroid after one dose of radioiodine had a significantly higher pretreatment serum thyroxine level, had a significantly larger volume of hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue on scintigrams, and cats receiving oral versus intravenous radioiodine were over represented. Based on our results we conclude: 1) the administration of a dose of radioiodine based solely on the volume of hyperfunctioning thyroid tissue as estimated from the pertechnetate scan may be inadequate for those patients with extremely elevated serum thyroxine levels or large thyroid glands, and 2) oral administration of radioiodine is not recommended for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism.
Degrees of isolation and the Von Restorff effect in serial learning

Sixty college students learned by the study-recall method a serial list of 11 CVCs with the central item isolated in different degrees of perceptual enhancement: shape (Eb), shape and color (Ea), or shape, color, and size (E1); the middle three items isolated (E3); the middle five items isolated (E5); or none isolated (C) to a criterion of two consecutive errorless trials. Compared to the corresponding control items, significant facilitation of isolated item (I) occurred in all experimental conditions: The magnitude of facilitation of the I (sixth item) increased as (1) the degree of perceptual enhancement increased and (2) the number of surrounding Is decreased. The item immediately following I(s) was also significantly facilitated. The findings were accounted for in terms of Gibson’s concepts of generalization and differentiation in verbal learning.
Theory of Three-Circuit Transformers

The characteristics of three-circuit transformers, the literature of which is very meager, are discussed here in considerable detail. The features of the scheme of treatment are as follows: 1. The scope and general aspects of the problems of three-circuit transformers are reviewed. 2. Some peculiar phenomena of considerable theoretical interest are cited. 3. An electrical network equivalent to the magnetically interlinked circuits of a three-circuit transformer is developed, useful in visualizing the problem and in predicting by inspection a number of its characteristics. 4. Two physical interpretations of the equivalent network are given to assist the understanding of its principle and its applications. 5. The case of auto transformers interconnecting three circuits is interpreted so that the formulas developed for three-circuit transformers become universally applicable regardless of the presence or absence of metallic interconnection among the three circuits inside the case. 6. Formulas are developed for the calculation of regulation with various loads in the different windings. 7. Formulas are developed for the division of load between two primary circuits, or two secondary circuits in parallel. 8. Formulas are developed for the equivalent effective impedance for short circuits. 9 The behaviour of a three-circuit transformer operating in parallel with a two-circuit transformer is analyzed so as to determine the flow or distribution of load kv-a. in the network. 10.
Closet buddy: dressing the visually impaired

There are approximately 180 million persons in the world today that are blind. Although there have been a multitude of advancements in the field of optometry and surgery, most of these visually impaired persons will never see an improvement in their condition. The Closet Buddy system was designed to allow visually-impaired users to select outfits and find the appropriate clothing in their closet. Utilizing an interface designed for the visually-impaired, users will be picking out their own clothes and dressing to impress in no time.
Bioassay of thyrotropin in chicks with simultaneous estimation of gonadotropin.

Abstract Simultaneous determinations of thyrotropin and gonadotropin content of anterior pituitary extracts and anterior pituitary glands was made utilizing White Leghorn cockerels 12–24 hr after hatching. The uptake of 32P per milligram wet weight of thyroids or testes provided an excellent end point for estimation of hormone activity. A 5-hr treatment with hormone coupled with a 1-hr uptake of 0.3 μCi to 1.0 μCi of 32P proved to be an effective procedure. An exposure to 32P for as little as 15 min was adequate for thyroid responses, but this interval was not satisfactory for differential testes reactions. Excellent estimations of activity were obtained with milliunits of thyrotropin especially with a 3 × 3 factorial assay design. Marked differences were noted in thyrotropic and gonadotropic titers when National Institutes of Health thyrotropin (NIH-TSH) was compared with Nutritional Biochemicals Co. thyrotropin (NBC-TSH) and with Sigma Chemical Co. thyrotropin (Sigma-TSH). Pretreatment with thiourea improved the precision of the assay but responses to TSH were much lower. Assays for the thyrotropic activity of NIH-LH and NIH-FSH preparations demonstrated that appreciable TSH activity was present in the LH but not in the FSH. The relative amounts of thyrotropin present in the two gonadotropin preparations agreed closely with the estimations stated in the NIH specifications for the two hormones. Anterior pituitary glands of 28-day-old and 62-day-old cockerels contained equivalent amounts of thyrotropic activity per milligram of gland. The pituitaries of the younger birds, however, had a gonadotropin titer which was twice as great as that of the older cockerels.
Differences and Similarities in Humans' Perceptions of the Thinking and Feeling of a Dog and a Boy

College students' perceptions of companion dog mentality were systematically compared with perceptions of human child mentality. Independent groups of respondents rated capacities of a dog or a boy on 12 categories of thinking and 30 items of remorseful feelings for misbehavior. The boy received superior ratings for so-called "complex" (but not "simple") thinking categories and "upper level" (but not "lower level") remorse items. Even so, there were strong associations between dog and boy means across all 12 thinking categories (r = .74) and all 30 remorse items (r = .72). Thus elements of thinking and feeling that were judged likely (or not) for the boy were also relatively likely (or not) for the dog. These several comparisons were taken to indicate that whereas the dog and boy were perceived by subjects as having mentalities that were quantitatively different, those respective mentalities were nevertheless viewed as qualitatively similar. Findings were discussed in terms of social-cognition theories of anthropomorphism.
Bacteriology of the freshwater environment: Implications for clinical therapy

Water and animal tissue samples were obtained from sources in Tennessee, California, and Florida. Purified bacterial colonies were isolated and organisms identified. Fifty-eight isolates were recovered. Twenty-seven Gram-negative isolates were identified. Gram-positive organisms were of the coryneform group or Bacillus species. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that Aeromonas species were relatively resistant to a wide variety of anti-microbials, which included trimethoprim, cefazolin, and ampicillin. Antibiotics effective against more than 90% of Gram-negative isolates included ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Freshwater Gram-positive organisms did not display any unexpected susceptibility features. Recommendations for treatment are based on sensitivity in culture and the potentially serious nature of infections caused by Aeromonas species.
PCAOB gets tough with new audit quality review standard

The author discusses the requirements of the recently proposed Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) auditing standard (AS 7) requiring the review and approval of a second audit partner of each audit. The PCAOB intended to get tough—the standard is designed to be rigorous. Unfortunately, the additional costs of implementing it might exceed any benefit. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Experimental, numerical, and analytical results for buckling and post-buckling of orthotropic rectangular sandwich panels

Abstract Rectangular orthotropic sandwich fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) panels were tested for buckling in uniaxial compression. The panels, with either balsa or linear PVC foam cores, were tested in two sizes: 183 cm ×92 cm ( 72 in. ×36 in. ) and 122 cm ×92 cm ( 48 in. ×36 in. ) for aspect ratios of 2.0 and 1.3, respectively. The sandwich panels were fabricated using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique. The two short edges of the sandwich panels were clamped, while the two long edges were simply supported. The experimental elastic buckling loads of panels with an aspect ratio of 1.3 were 400 kN (90 klb) for balsa core panels and 267 kN (60 klb) for foam core panels. For balsa and foam core panels with an aspect ratio 2.0, the experimental buckling loads were 334 kN (75 klb) and 240 kN (54 klb), respectively. Experimental buckling results for balsa core panels of both sizes differed by 5–8% from numerical and analytical results. Differences in experimental and predicted buckling loads for foam core panels ranged between 15% and 23%. Post-buckling collapse of balsa and foam core panels with an aspect ratio of 1.3 were 694 kN (156 klb) and 347 kN (78 klb), respectively. For balsa and foam core panels with an aspect ratio of 2.0, post-buckling collapse occurred at 592 kN (133 klb) and 334 kN (75 klb), respectively. A numerical post-buckling analysis qualitatively followed that of the experimental results.
Upstream influence and separation scales in fin-induced shock turbulent boundary-layer interaction

An experimental study has been made of the effects of leading-edge geometry on the upstream influence and separated flow length scales in fin-induced shock wave turbulent boundary-layer interaction. The fins used had wedge-shaped, hemicylindrical and elliptic leading edges and were tested under adiabatic conditions at Mach 4.9. The primary objective was to determine if the length scales generated by different leading edges could be understood within a common framework. To a first approximation the normalized centerline length scales correlate with fin leading-edge drag coefficient. Attempts to correlate additional data at Mach 1.98 and 2.48 from other studies resulted in a reasonable correlation for upstream influence, but that for the separation length showed a clear influence of Mach number. The fact that the upstream influence can be reasonably well correlated in this form lends further support to the view that large-scale three-dimensional vortical separated flows of this type may be largely inviscid dominated.
Right ventricular strain before and after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background Right ventricular (RV) function is significantly impaired in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Two-dimensional speckle tracking RV strain and strain rate are novel methods to assess regional RV systolic function in CTEPH patients before and after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE). Our goal was to (1) assess baseline longitudinal strain and strain rate of the basal RV free wall in CTEPH and (2) measure early changes in RV strain and strain rate after PTE. Methods We performed echocardiography on 30 consecutive patients with CTEPH referred for PTE with adequate pre- and post-PTE strain imaging. Strain and strain rate were assessed 6.4 ± 4.5 days before and 9.1 ± 3.9 after PTE. Results Basal RV free wall strain and time to peak strain—but not basal RV strain rate and time to peak strain rate—changed significantly after PTE. Unexpectedly, basal RV strain became less negative, from −24.3% to −18.9% after PTE (P = 0.005). Time to peak strain decreased from 356 to 287 msec after PTE (P < 0.001). Preoperatively, RV strain correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) but this relationship was not evident postoperatively. Furthermore, the change in RV strain did not correlate with the change in mPAP or PVR. Conclusions In patients with CTEPH, RV basal strain paradoxically became less negative (i.e., relative systolic shortening decreased) following PTE. This change in RV strain could be due to intraoperative RV ischemia and/or postoperative stunning. Thus, RV basal strain cannot be used as a surrogate marker for surgical success early after PTE.