cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Targeted myocardial gene expression in failing hearts by RNA sequencing

Myocardial recovery with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) therapy is highly variable and difficult to predict. Next generation ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing is an innovative, rapid, and quantitative approach to gene expression profiling in small amounts of tissue. Our primary goal was to identify baseline transcriptional profiles in non-ischemic cardiomyopathies that predict myocardial recovery in response to LVAD therapy. We also sought to verify transcriptional differences between failing and non-failing human hearts. RNA was isolated from failing (n = 16) and non-failing (n = 8) human hearts. RNA from each patient was reverse transcribed and quantitatively sequenced on the personal genome machine (PGM) sequencer (Ion torrent) for 95 heart failure candidate genes. Coverage analysis as well as mapping the reads and alignment was done using the Ion Torrent Browser Suite™. Differential expression analyses were conducted by empirical analysis of digital gene expression data in R (edgeR) to identify differential expressed genes between failing and non-failing groups, and between responder and non-responder groups respectively. Targeted cardiac gene messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was analyzed in proportion to the total number of reads. Gene expression profiles from the PGM sequencer were validated by performing RNA sequencing (RNAseq) with the Illumina Hiseq2500 sequencing system. The failing sample population was 75% male with an average age of 50 and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 16%. Myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) and interleukin (IL)-6 genes expression were significantly higher in LVAD responders compared to non-responders. Thirty-six cardiac genes were expressed differentially between failing and non-failing hearts (23 decreased, 13 elevated). MYLK, Beta-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) and myosin heavy chain (MYH)-6 expression were among those significantly decreased in failing hearts compared to non-failing hearts. Natriuretic peptide B (NPPB) and IL-6 were significantly elevated. Targeted gene expression profiles obtained from the Ion torrent PGM sequencer were consistent with those obtained from Illumina HiSeq2500 sequencing system. Heart failure is associated with a network of transcriptional changes involving contractile proteins, metabolism, adrenergic receptors, protein phosphorylation, and signaling factors. Myocardial MYLK and IL-6 expression are positively correlated with ejection fraction (EF) response to LVAD placement. Targeted RNA sequencing of myocardial gene expression can be utilized to predict responders to LVAD therapy and to better characterize transcriptional changes in human heart failure.
Ultra-High Molecular Weights via Aqueous Reversible-Deactivation Radical Polymerization

Summary Relying solely on mild UV irradiation of thiocarbonylthio compounds in the presence of vinyl monomers, a new avenue to well-defined ultra-high-molecular-weight (UHMW) polymers has been developed. Through the use of aqueous conditions, well-controlled UHMW polymers that are unprecedented for controlled radical polymerizations have been achieved. This photomediated polymerization approach reaches number-average molecular weights in excess of 8.00 × 10 6 g/mol with degrees of polymerization above 85,000, making these, to our knowledge, the highest-molecular-weight polymers ever achieved via reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. In many cases, well-defined UHMW polymers can be obtained in minutes. The utility of the technique is further demonstrated through the synthesis of block copolymers, enabling access to a new field of well-defined UHMW materials.
Using AHP for Text Book Selection

The selection of an appropriate textbook for a university level course is an important determinant for the success and quality of that course. Unfortunately, the selection process is often perfunctory, with last minute decisions made based on quickly paging through available textbook alternatives. This paper describes an attempt at using a formal procedure for textbook selection, based on the analytic hierarchy process and utilizing the software package Expert Choice. The process described includes the identification of relevant selection criteria, the identification and evaluation of candidate textbooks, and the quest for consensus among multiple decision makers in cases where sections of a course are taught by different instructors. The course used in this case study is a first course in systems analysis and design for third year undergraduate information systems students and involves three decision makers. However, many aspects of the model described apply to other courses in other settings. The hierarchical model was designed in such a way that the course specific part is separable from a more generally applicable part. The experiences in implementing and using the model are discussed.
Arabidopsis fructokinase-like protein associations are regulated by ATP.

The Arabidopsis thaliana fructokinase-like proteins FLN1 and FLN2 are required for the differentiation of plastids into photosynthetically competent chloroplasts. However, their specific roles are unknown. FLN1 and FLN2 localize in a multisubunit prokaryotic-type polymerase (plastid-encoded RNA polymerase) complex that transcribes genes encoding components of photosynthesis-related assemblies. Despite sequence identity with fructokinases, which are members of the pfkB (phosphofructokinase B) family of enzymes, kinase activity of FLN1 and FLN2 has not been demonstrated. Homology modeling using pfkB X-ray structures, sequence comparisons, and mutational analyses suggests that FLN proteins may bind their substrates differently from other pfkB proteins. We provide evidence that purified recombinant FLN1 undergoes an ATP-mediated change in binding affinity with both itself and recombinant FLN2. The ATP-mediated change in the affinity of FLN1 for FLN2 is not affected by mutations in conserved active-site residues known to affect catalysis in active pfkB enzymes. In contrast, recombinant FLN2 hetero-oligomerizes independently of ATP concentration. At ATP concentrations that promote FLN1 homomeric interactions, the FLN1–FLN2 hetero-oligomer is the dominant form in vitro . We further present evidence that FLN1 associates with a large protein complex in chloroplasts independently of ATP. Given that ATP levels fluctuate between light–dark cycles in the 1–5 mM range, we propose that changes in FLN1 and FLN2 interactions are biologically meaningful.
Multi-variable Dynamic Power Management for the GPU Subsystem

In this work, we present a control-theoretic algorithm to improve the energy efficiency of the GPU targeting deadline-driven graphics applications. Our algorithm dynamically controls multiple power knobs within the GPU (DVFS and number of active slices) that have different control time granularities. We developed a multi-rate predictive control to overcome the time granularity constraints in the control variables and reduce runtime overhead. To enable predictive control, we developed runtime analytical predictive models for performance and power of the GPU, that take input from hardware counters and temperature sensor readings. We evaluated our approach on the latest generation of Intel Core i5 platform. Our experimental results demonstrate significant average GPU energy savings of 25% compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm at negligible performance overhead.
Altered regulation of cardiac ankyrin repeat protein in heart failure

Abstract Background Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have revolutionized and improved the care of the sickest heart failure (HF) patients, and it is imperative that they receive appropriate ventricular unloading. Assessing this critical parameter with current methodologies (labs, imaging) is usually suboptimal in this patient population. Hence it is imperative to elucidate the molecular underpinnings involved in ventricular unloading. We have previously identified the cytoskeletal protein βII spectrin as an essential nodal protein involved in post-translational targeting and βII spectrin protein levels are significantly altered in multiple forms of human and animal HF. We therefore hypothesized that the βII spectrin pathway would play a critical role in LVAD remodeling. Methods Human heart failure samples were obtained from patients undergoing heart transplantation. Wild type (WT) mice and our previously validated βII spectrin conditional knock out (βII cKO) mice were used for animal experiments. Transaortic constriction (TAC) was performed on WT mice. Protein expression was assessed via immunoblots, and protein interactions were assessed with co-immunoprecipitation. Transcriptome analysis was performed using isolated whole hearts from control adult WT mice (n = 3) compared to βII cKO spectrin mice (n = 3). Results We report that hearts from mice selectively lacking βII spectrin expression in cardiomyocytes displayed altered transcriptional regulation of cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP). Notably, CARP protein expression is increased after TAC. Additionally, our findings illustrate that prior to LVAD support, CARP levels are elevated in HF patients compared to normal healthy controls. Further, for the first time in a LVAD population, we show that elevated CARP levels in HF patients return to normal following LVAD support. Conclusion Our findings illustrate that CARP is a dynamic molecule that responds to reduced afterload and stress, and has the potential to serve as a prognostic biomarker to assess for an adequate response to LVAD therapy.
Solution of Electromagnetic Scattering Problems Involving Three-Dimensional Homogeneous Dielectric Objects by the Single Integral Equation Method

The problem of electromagnetic scattering by a homogeneous dielectric object is usually formulated as a pair of coupled integral equations involving two unknown currents on the surface S of the object. In this paper, however, the problem is formulated as a single integral equation involving one unknown current on S. Unique solution at resonance is obtained by using a combined field integral equation. The single integral equation is solved by the method of moments using a Galerkin test procedure. Numerical results for a dielectric sphere are in good agreement with the exact results. Furthermore, the single integral equation method is shown to have superior convergence speed of iterative solution compared with the coupled integral equations method.
Prediction of Violence in Psychiatric Inpatients

Assaultive behavior in psychiatric inpatients presents a major problem, Besides the obvious physical danger to the victims among patients and staff, it impairs the effectiveness of treatment programs, and has a negative impact on staff morale. The frequency of occurrence of assaultive behavior depands on its definition, method of reporting, patient characteristics, and many other factors (Tardiff, 1983). The best available estimate is that 8% of patients commit at least one aggressive act physically directed toward another person (an assault) over a period of three months (Tardiff & Sweillam, 1982).
Introduction To the Use of Non-Crystallographic Symmetry in Phasing

The methodology is reviewed with particular attention to developments since prior review, and to aspects most important to the improvement and extension of crudely approximated initial phases as might be encountered in ab initio structure determinations. The fundamental similarity between symmetry and multiple crystal averaging is emphasized.
A Note on the Development of a Nonlinear Axisymmetric Reentrant Jet Cavitation Model

The boundary integral method is formulated for the problem of the fully nonlinear, axisymmetric potential flow past a body of revolution. A model is devised for the exact formulation of the reentrant jet cavity closure condition. It is demonstrated that the solution obtained is essentially independent of the length selected for the jet. Results obtained using the reentrant jet cavity closure model are compared with those obtained using the Riabouchinsky-type cavity closure model used by Uhlman (1987, 1989) and with experimental results. The agreement between the two cavity closure models is seen to be excellent, with the Riabouchinsky wall results deviating only slightly at short cavity lengths. The agreement of the reentrant jet model with the experimental data is also excellent, although the addition of the viscous component of drag is seen to be required for cavitating cones of sufficiently small half-angle.
Radiotracer studies on metabolism, degradation, and mode of action of insecticide chemicals.

The fields of intermediary metabolism and detoxication mechanisms were largely rewritten after the advent of radiotracer approaches. The same is true for the areas of insecticide metabolism and degradation, and, in small part, also for their mode of action. Radiotracer studies on metabolism and fate of pesticides are no longer just a means of satisfying academic curiosity on compounds which are already in use; on the contrary, they are now generally a necessary and critical step in understanding the persistence and action of a pesticide before it enters actual use. These investigations usually are designed to provide a total accounting, or balance sheet, of the physical and chemical fate of the compound, and frequently they are done under conditions simulating those involved in actual use. Thus, they involve studies on metabolic fate in plants, mammals, and pest species and on photodegradation, in addition to mode of action studies concerning combination or reaction at the site of physiological disruption. Radioanalysis usually can be achieved at nanogram levels of the labeled compound, and the specificity of analysis depends largely on the degree of separation and clean-up before scintillation counting or radioautography. Fortunately, these techniques are, in most instances, adequately developed so that the limiting factor is the experimental design.
Reciprocity and the Regulatory Function of International Investment Law

Jason Yackee has proposed two important, attractive, and politically plausible reforms to the international investment law system: (i) a "notice and comment" style procedure to allow states to comment on draft tribunal awards before they are issued, and (ii) a "legislative veto" procedure by which state constituents could annul the legal or precedential value of tribunal decision. This response critiques Yackee's administrative agency analogy and argues that we are more likely to find profitable institutional insights from multijurisdictional common law tort systems. But it endorses his proposals on alternative theoretical grounds and argues that they offer an attractive response to the slow-burn crisis of legitimacy that has dogged the regime for more than a decade.
Using LiDAR to develop high-resolution reference models of forest structure and spatial pattern

Abstract Successful restoration of degraded forest landscapes requires reference models that adequately capture structural heterogeneity at multiple spatial scales and for specific landforms. Despite this need, managers often lack access to reliable reference information, in large part because field-based methods for assessing variation in forest structure are costly and inherently suffer from limited replication and spatial coverage and, therefore, yield limited insights about the ecological structure of reference forests at landscape scales. LiDAR is a cost-effective alternative that can provide high-resolution characterizations of variation in forest structure among landform types. However, managers and researchers have been reluctant to use LiDAR for characterizing structure because of low confidence in its capacity to approximate actual tree distributions. By calculating bias in LiDAR estimates for a range of tree-height cutoffs, we improved LiDAR’s ability to capture structural variability in terms of individual trees. We assessed bias in the processed LiDAR data by comparing datasets of field-measured and LiDAR-detected trees of various height classes in terms of overall number of trees and estimates of structure and spatial pattern in an important contemporary reference forest, the Sierra de San Pedro Martir National Park, Baja California, Mexico. Agreement between LiDAR- and field-based estimates of tree density, as well as estimates of forest structure and spatial pattern, was maximized by removing trees less than 12 m tall. We applied this height cutoff to LiDAR-detected trees of our study landscape, and asked if forest structure and spatial pattern varied across topographic settings. We found that canyons, shallow northerly, and shallow southerly slopes were structurally similar; each had a greater number of all trees, large trees, and large tree clumps than steep southerly slopes and ridges. Steep northerly slopes supported unique structures, with taller trees than ridges and shorter trees than canyons and shallow southerly slopes. Our results show that characterizations of forest structure based on LiDAR-detected trees are reasonably accurate when the focus is narrowed to the overstory. In addition, our finding of strong variation of forest structure and spatial pattern across topographic settings demonstrates the importance of developing reference models at the landscape scale, and highlights the need for replicated sampling among stands and landforms. Methods developed here should be useful to managers interested in using LiDAR to characterize distributions of medium and large overstory trees, particularly for the development of landscape-scale reference models.
The Psychology of the Handmaid: Margaret Atwood’s Novel Parables of the Possessed Canadian Character

The protagonists of Atwood’s novels are most often both Canadian and female, and their stories feature a common struggle for possession of themselves and their bodies, given various colonizing forces. In relation to her other novels, which I will explore in this essay, the handmaid is a symbol for Canada in relation to the U.S, which stands for “yet another” imperial power infringing upon the lives of Canadians. Atwood herself has stated that the States are extreme in philosophy, while Canadians are more middle-of-the-road. This middle-of-the-road-ness of her main characters gets them into trouble and makes them vulnerable to outside forces. Her protagonists are typically female because the female body itself is particularly open to possession—by pregnancy, rape, cancer, and the physicality of sex. Women in Atwood’s novels are also possessed by spiritual forces, including gods of the wilderness; by men who represent different nations and woo the female “territory”; and by women who represent distinct national traditions or, increasingly, the new Multicultural Canada that is displacing the British-French one. Atwood repeatedly depicts her characters as territories of others, refugees, trespassers, foreigners even on their home ground, and internally divided entities that are inhabitable by others and inaccessible even to the self. They harbor repressed memories that are foreign to their own psyches. Thus Atwood’s novels undercut the Canadian nationalist project that she embarked upon with her 1972 book on a unified Canadian literature. Her novels essentially suggest that, ironically, the uniqueness of the Canadian character lies in its propensity to be possessed.
TMPRSS2-ERG fusions confer efficacy of enzalutamide in an in vivo bone tumor growth model

Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) is an advanced disease resistant to systemic traditional medical or surgical castration, and resistance is primarily attributed to reactivation of AR through multiple mechanisms. TMPRSS2-ERG fusions have been shown to regulate AR signaling, interfere with pro-differentiation functions, and mediate oncogenic signaling. We have recently shown that ERG regulates intra-tumoral androgen synthesis and thereby facilitates AR function in prostate cancer cells. We hypothesize that enzalutamide treatment will be more effective in cells/tumors with TMPRSS2-ERG translocations because these tumors have increased AR signaling. ERG knockdown was performed with VCaP cells using lentiviral infections to generate VCaP ERGshRNA cells and control VCaP scr cells with scrambled shRNA. Cell-growth analysis was performed to determine the effect of enzalutamide. Reverse transcription, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression of AR responsive genes. Luciferase tagged VCaP scr and shRNA infected cells were used in an intra-tibial animal model for bone tumor growth analysis and enzalutamide treatment used to inhibit AR signaling in bone tumors. Western blotting analyzed VCaP bone tumor samples for ERG, AR, AKR1C3 and HSD3B1 and HSD3B2 expression. Enzalutamide inhibited the growth of VCaP scr cells more effectively than shERG cells. Analysis of AR responsive genes shows that Enzalutamide treatment at 5 micromolar concentration inhibited by 85–90% in VCaP Scr cells whereas these genes were inhibited to a lesser extent in VCaP shERG cells. Enzalutamide treatment resulted in severe growth inhibition in VCaP scr shRNA cells compared to VCaP shERG cells. In bone tumor growth experiment, VCaP ERG shRNA cells grew at slower than VCaP scr shRNA cells. Androgen biosynthetic enzyme expression is lower VCaP shERG bone tumors compared to VCaP scr shRNA bone tumors and enzalutamide inhibited the enzyme expression in both types of tumors. These data suggest that ERG transcription factor regulates androgen biosynthetic enzyme expression that enzalutamide treatment is more effective against VCaP bone tumors with an intact ERG expression, and that knocking down ERG in VCaP cells leads to a lesser response to enzalutamide therapy. Thus, ERG expression status in tumors could help stratify patients for enzalutamide therapy.
Risks in the Banking Industry

Banks incur substantial risk, such as using a high amount of leverage, investing in assets riskier than the liability positions funding them and maintaining minimal liquidity positions. The following are the most common types of risks banks are exposed to: (i) credit risk, (ii) liquidity risk, (iii) interest rate risk, (iv) market risk, (v) off-balance sheet risk, (vi) foreign exchange risk, (vii) country or sovereign risk, (viii) technology risk, (ix) operational risk, and (x) insolvency risk.
Populist multiculturalism: Are there majority cultural rights?:

Theories of multiculturalism explore whether minority cultural groups have rights and claims that limit the nation-building aims of the modern state and that protect a space in which minorities can...
Attentional prioritization in dual-task walking: Effects of stroke, environment, and instructed focus.

Abstract Background The impact of high distraction, real-world environments on dual-task interference and flexibility of attentional prioritization during dual-task walking in people with stroke is unknown. Research question How does a real-world environment affect dual-task performance and flexible task prioritization during dual-task walking in adults with and without stroke? Methods Adults with stroke (n = 29) as well as age-, gender-, and education-matched adults without stroke (n = 23) participated. Single and dual-task walking were examined in two different environments (lab hallway, hospital lobby). Two different dual-task combinations were assessed (Stroop-gait, speech-gait). Each dual-task was performed first without explicit instruction about task prioritization (no-priority) and then with gait-priority instruction and Stroop/speech-priority instruction in randomized order. Results People with stroke had significantly slower dual-task gait speed (Stroop only) in the lobby than the lab, but the effect was not clinically meaningful. Stroop reaction time for all participants was also slower in the lobby than the lab. All participants slowed their walking speed while generating spontaneous speech, but this effect was not influenced by environment. The dual-task attention allocation strategy was generally inflexible to instructed prioritization in adults with and without stroke in both environments, however, the volitional attention allocation strategy differed for the two dual-task conditions such that speech was prioritized in the speech-gait dual-task and gait appeared to be prioritized in the Stroop-gait dual-task. Significance Although dual-tasking slows walking speed and verbal responses to auditory stimuli in people with stroke, the effects are not considerably impacted by a more complex, distracting environment. Adults with and without stroke may have difficulty overriding the preferred attention allocation strategy during dual-task walking, especially for habitual dual-tasks such as walking while speaking. It may also be that the cognitive control strategy governing task prioritization is influenced by degree of cognitive engagement.
Dramatic Cytokine Storm Reversal with an Over the Counter NMN Cocktail

Oral nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with boosters may naturally trigger anti-inflammation immune systems able to arrest and reverse cytokine storm. A COVID-19 positive case is described with a strong temporal relationship between NMN cocktail use and clinical improvement - more remarkably this case exhibits an unusually rapid and thorough clinical turnaround. Oral NMN with boosters deserve further study in COVID-19 associated cytokine storm.
Methodological strategies to engage young black and Latino heterosexual couples in sexual and reproductive health research.

Approaches that move beyond individuals and target couples may be an effective strategy for reducing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities among adolescents and young adults (AYA). However, few researchers have attempted to recruit couples due to feasibility and methodological issues. This study aims to enhance implementation and methodological approaches to successfully engage heterosexual Black and Latino adolescent and young adult (AYA) couples in sexual reproductive health (SRH) research. We developed a four-step approach to systematically engage AYA couples in a qualitative study examining factors that influence uptake of combination HIV prevention methods: 1) understanding barriers and facilitators to engaging AYA couples, (2) identifying AYAs living in geographic areas of HIV vulnerability, (3) recruiting and screening AYA couples, and (4) scheduling and completion of the interview session. Black and Latino youth aged 16 to 24 and their opposite sex romantic were recruited in the South Bronx, New York from September 2017–May 2018. Three hundred and seventy-two men and women completed screening procedures to determine eligibility for the index participant; 125 were eligible and enrolled into the study. Forty-nine nominated partners (NPs) participated in screening procedures and enrolled into the study. A total of 49 couples enrolled into the study; 23 couples completed study activities. Developing a systematic recruitment plan aided in successfully engaging Black and Latino heterosexual youth. Nevertheless, barriers to study enrollment remained including locating eligible IPs and screening of the NP. Targeting both young men and women was an effective recruitment strategy. Moreover, dyadic strategies that allow for simultaneous interaction with both couple members may be a beneficial strategy to couples’ study enrollment and completion of study activities.
The Secret Life of Roman Fountains

Katherine W. Rinne The Secret Life erf Eleanor Clark, i n Rome and a Villa, has rightly observed that the fountains of Rome have a visceral pull on our attention and emotions, equaled only by that of dreams and sex. She understood that fountains too, can be flamboyant, invigorating and life affirming; that they are immediate and physi­ cal; that they make us glad to be alive. PLACES12:2
View factor estimation of hot spot velocities in inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments at the National Ignition Facility suffer from asymmetries in the x-ray drive, which degrade capsule performance compared to expectations for a symmetric one-dimensional implosion. Mode 1, or pole-to-pole, drive asymmetry can reduce confinement and implosion efficiency, driving a bulk motion of the hot spot that is detectable by neutron diagnostics. Understanding and removing sources of mode 1 asymmetry in ICF implosions is important for improving performance, and the three-dimensional nature of the problem makes high-resolution radiation-hydrodynamic modeling extremely computationally expensive. This work describes a reduced order view factor model that calculates the drive asymmetry induced by beam-to-beam variations in laser delivery and Hohlraum diagnostic windows along the equator. The capsule response is estimated by coupling to a Green's function that relates final hot spot velocity to the applied time-varying mode 1 asymmetry. The model makes several predictions about the impact of mode 1 drivers such as laser delivery and target misalignment and achieves good agreement in both the magnitude and the vector direction for several shots in three families of high-performance platforms. However, notable discrepancies suggest that other potential sources of mode 1 asymmetry not captured by the model are also at play.
Born Criminal: Matilda Joslyn Gage, Radical Suffragist

Review of: Born Criminal: Matilda Joslyn Gage, Radical Suffragist, by Angelica Shirley Carpenter.
Neural Holographic Display and Image Synthesis

Holographic displays promise unprecedented capabilities for direct-view displays as well as virtual and augmented reality applications. We develop Neural Holography, an algorithmic computer-generated holography (CGH) framework that uses camera-in-the-loop training to achieve unprecedented image fidelity and real-time framerates.
Is Labor Arbitration Lawless

Labor arbitration is often viewed as a more peaceful, productive, and private alternative to workplace strikes and violence. On the other hand, statutory laws are intended to protect all workers, and contract law default rules and rules of interpretation often serve a protective role that could be harmful if ignored in this private dispute resolution setting. To provide more insight into how arbitrators decide labor disputes, we utilize our newly crafted data set of hundreds of labor arbitration awards spanning a decade. Unlike prior data sets, our data are more inclusive: they include both published and unpublished awards as well as cases decided by non-AAA arbitrators and industrial boards, enabling a fuller—and thus potentially more credible—study of differing types of labor arbitration. We find—counter to previous research—that the vast majority of awards do not cite to external authority such as statutes, administrative authorities, or case law, or to secondary sources. Yet, our awards provide little evidence that arbitrators explicitly declined to address a statutory issue raised by one of the parties. These findings indicate there is perhaps much more room for labor arbitrators to refer to external authority in their decision- making. Our results also indicate that reference to governing law depends on factors like attorney representation and service provider guidance. If so, our study has potential implications for the structure and desirability of arbitration for labor disputes as well as for other types of arbitration, including employment, consumer, and securities arbitrations. The inherent tension between peaceful, quick, private dispute resolution and the risks of potential lawlessness might be greater for the resolution of statutory claims, and if so, our study has implications for the desirability and structure of the arbitration of such claims. For example, examination of external authority and written reasoning could be required for the binding resolution of statutory claims in labor arbitration. Moreover, our more inclusive study indicates that there remains an inherent tension between peaceful, quick dispute resolution and the risks of potential lawlessness. More broad studies are warranted.
Recommendations for Integrating Evidence-Based, Sustainable Diet Information into Nutrition Education

The adoption of more sustainable diets (SD) has the capacity to meet the needs of individuals without compromising future generations’ abilities to do the same. Nutrition educators are ideal candidates for delivering SD education to consumers, yet evidence-based recommendations for the profession have not been crafted. The results of a thorough, narrative review of the literature performed in 2021 suggest there are five well-supported recommendations nutrition educators should consider incorporating in their work. They are (1) shift towards a plant-based diet, (2) mitigate food waste, (3) limit consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), (4) engage in local food systems, and (5) choose sustainable seafood. Each recommendation is discussed below in detail, to provide nutrition educators with a nuanced scope of the issue, after which suggestions for the inclusion of these recommendations, using an example of the authors’ experiences from the US Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP), are provided.
Vitamin K: Structure and Function

Vitamin K is a cofactor specific to the vitamin K-dependent γ-glutamyl carboxylase and the formation of the amino acid γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla). Numerous Gla-containing proteins have been identified to date, including those involved in blood coagulation, but there are still significant gaps in knowledge about the physiological roles of many of these proteins. Keywords: vitamin K; γ-carboxyglutamic acid; warfarin; metabolism
Oxidative lipidomics of programmed cell death.

Oxidized phospholipids play an important role in execution of the mitochondrial stage of apoptosis and clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Therefore, the identification and quantification of oxidized phospholipids generated during apoptosis are very important. These can be achieved successfully by a newly developed approach—oxidative lipidomics, including a combination of electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) and fluorescence high‐performance liquid chromatography techniques. Using oxidative lipidomics allows the quantification of specific phospholipids and their hydroperoxides. We characterized selective oxidation of two anionic phospholipids: cardiolipin (CL) in mitochondria and phosphatidylserine (PS) outside of mitochondria. ESI‐MS analysis of cytochrome c/H2O2‐driven tetralinoleoyl‐CL (TLCL) oxidized molecular species demonstrated accumulation of products monohydroxy‐TLCL; monohydroxy‐monohydroperoxy‐TLCL, monohydroxy‐dihydroperoxy‐TLCL, monohydroxy‐trihydroperoxy‐TLCL; and monohydroxy‐tetrahydroperoxy‐TLCL. We explored the application of oxidative lipidomics in a number of conditions in both in vitro and in vivo models where there is a known contribution of apoptosis and/or inflammation. Accumulation of CL hydroperoxides, originated from molecular species of CL containing C22:6 after experimental traumatic brain injury, was shown. ESI‐MS analysis of intestine CL in mouse after γ‐irradiation detected several CL oxidized molecular species: (C18:2)3/(C18:2+OOH); (C18:2)2/(C18:2+OOH)2; (C18:2)1/(C18:2+OOH)3; and (C18:2+OOH)4. ESI‐MS analysis and tandem MS/MS experiments revealed that PS with oxidized C22:6 [m/z866 (C18:0/C22:6+OOH) originated from the ion at m/z 834 (C18:0/C22:6)] was the major oxidized molecular species in the tested models in vitro and in vivo, including (1) cytochrome c/H2O2 catalyzed oxidation of rat brain PS; (2) after experimental traumatic rat brain injury in rats, (3) in postmortem brain samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease, and (4) in the small intestine in γ‐irradiated mouse. We conclude that oxidative lipidomics is a powerful technique to study lipid oxidation and its role in cell death across a spectrum of tissues and insults.
Thermocapillary Bubble Migration - An Oseen-Like Analysis of the Energy Equation

The thermocapillary migration of a bubble in a liquid possessing a temperature gradient is analyzed in the limit of large Reynolds and Marangoni numbers. Crespo and Manuel (1983) performed an analysis in this limit wherein energy conduction is completely neglected and obtained the bubble migration velocity using energy dissipation arguments. In the present analysis, performed in a coordinate system moving with the bubble, the velocity field in the convection term in the energy equation is approximated in an Oseen-like manner by replacing it by the velocity field far away from the bubble (i.e., the migration velocity of the bubble). Conduction is retained to satisfy the zero conductive heat flux boundary condition on the bubble surface. An approximate solution has been obtained for the Oseen-like energy equation. The bubble velocity obtained using energy dissipation considerations is in agreement with the result of Crespo and Manuel. The solution shows the thermal boundary layer and wake structure in the vicinity of the bubble. The Oseen-like analysis, however, has inherent limitations, as the flow penetrates the bubble surface. These issues are discussed and the result are compared to those in the literature.
Serotonin synthesis with rat brain synaptosomes: Effects of serotonin and monoamineoxidase inhibitors

Abstract Synthesis of serotonin from tryptophan was measured in synaptosomes isolated from rat brainstem and diencephalon. Incubation with exogenous seroton adds only to small decreases in the rate of serotonin synthesis. Of several monoamine oxidase inhibitors examined only pheniprazine appeared to inhibit serotonin synthesis. This effect of pheniprazine was probably not mediated by monoamine oxidase inhibition and secondary feed-back inhibition by elevated levels of end-product. It is suggested that pheniprazine can inhibit the formation of both serotonin and catecholamines at the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase step.
The Effects of Crushing Speed on the Energy-Absorption Capability of Composite Tubes

The energy-absorption capability as a function of crushing speed was determined for Thornel 300/Fiberite 934 (Gr/E) and Kevlar-49/Fiberite 934 (K/E) composite material. Circular cross section tube specimens were crushed at quasi-static, 6 m/sec, and 12 m/sec speeds. Ply orientations of the tube specimens were (0/+ or - theta) sub 2 and (+ or - theta) sub 3 where theta=15, 45, and 75 degress. Based on the results of these tests the energy-absortion capability of Gr/E and K/E was determined to be a function of crushing speed. The crushing modes based on exterior appearance of the crushed tubes were unchanged for either material. However, the interlaminar crushing behavior changed with crushing speed.
Evidence for non-velocity redshifts

Evidence for non-cosmological redshifts is reviewed. It is shown that all current statistical tests favor association of QSRs with galaxies close by, in distance, to our own. It is possible that all QSRs originate from galaxies of much lower redshift. It is shown that in the four cases where QSRs fall projected closest to bright galaxies, that in all four cases the galaxies show evidence of physical interaction. Evidence for high redshift, compact and peculiar companion galaxies is reviewed. From the individual associations of high redshift QSRs and companions, an empirical continuity of observed characteristics is shown between compactness (youth) and excess redshift. Some theoretical explanations for intrinsic redshifts are mentioned.
An Experimental Examination of Perceptions of Fairness on Transfer Pricing Decisions and Firm Profit

Transfer pricing is an important managerial decision in a decentralized firm. Analytical research has proposed that different transfer pricing methods are better for different information circumstances in a firm. For example, when information asymmetry is high, the information advantage of the negotiated method generates higher firm profits than the cost-based method. But, when information asymmetry is low, the cost-based method provides more firm profits. Yet so far little empirical evidence exists that identifies when a particular scheme performs better than others in practice. The main challenge remains that it is difficult to apply analytical prescriptions without proper considerations of managerial behavior issues. For example, perceptions of fairness may influence a manager’s decisions, willingness to trade and thus the firm’s performance. This study develops a model that examines the potential influences on willingness to trade (transfer pricing method, information asymmetry and perceived fairness) and then the influence of willingness to trade on company profit. Overall, we find that transfer pricing methods, information asymmetry and perceived fairness influence willingness to trade and that willingness to trade is positively associated with company profit. Finally, perceived fairness was a significant variable when perceptions of fairness, willingness to trade, transfer pricing method and information asymmetry were regressed on firm profits, indicating that perceptions of fairness had the most significant influence on firm profits in this study.
The Drivers and Pricing of Liquidity in Interest Rate Option Markets

The objectives of this paper are to examine the effect of liquidity on interest rate option prices, and to determine whether it is driven by a common systematic factor. Using daily bid and ask prices of euro (¬) interest rate caps/floors, we document a negative effect of liquidity on option prices illiquid options trade at higher prices relative to liquid options, after controlling for the volatility smile and term structure variables. This is opposite to the evidence for other assets such as equities, bonds and currency options. We also identify a systematic common factor that drives liquidity, across option maturities and strike rates. This liquidity factor is driven by the changes in uncertainty in the equity and fixed income markets. Our results have important implications for the pricing and hedging of liquidity risk in derivatives markets.
Aberrant maturation of the immune response to the thymus-independent antigen DNP-Lys-Ficoll by New Zealand black mice

Abstract The maturational features of immune responses to DNP-Lys-Ficoll, a thymus-independent antigen, were compared in immunologically abnormal NZB mice and the normal C3H strain. Competitive inhibition PFC assays, employing DNP-lysine, were used to assess relative antibody affinity and the heterogeneity of antibody affinities at the level of the antibody-secreting B lymphocyte. The primary anti-DNP response of control C3H mice exhibited a progressive temporal increase in relative antibody affinity and a concomitant restriction in the heterogeneity of binding affinities. In the contrasting anti-DNP immune response of NZB mice, mean antibody affinity progressively decreased, a change accompanied by a decrease in the heterogeneity of antibody affinities. These results are consistent with the clonal selection of cells secreting low-affinity antibody in NZB mice. Analyses of plaque diameters in uninhibited and DNP-lysine-inhibited assays demonstrated a preferential neutralization of large PFC in C3H mice, but of small PFC in NZB mice. This maturational defect of NZB mice appears to result from a relative paucity of B cells with high-affinity receptors for antigen and/or the failure of such cells to proliferate after exposure to antigen.
Influence of Acute Changes in Blood Pressure on the Distribution of Fibrinogen.

SummaryThe fibrinogen level of plasma and blood of large veins and arteries declines sharply and then gradually returns toward the preinjection level immediately after intra-vascular injection of histamine. The quantitative changes in fibrinogen are independent of those in other plasma proteins. They parallel the acute drop and gradual return in blood pressure referable to peripheral capillary alterations. This movement of fibrinogen is independent of anesthesia, splenectomy and cord transsection. It is not specific for histamine but occurs with other vasodepressors as well. With vasopressor agents a reversed movement of fibrinogen follows. The sudden changes in size of the capillary bed seem to be coordinated with the fibrinogen content of the circulating blood.The two methods used for the estimation of fibrinogen yielded qualitatively similar but quantitatively differential values.
Culture of Mammalian Cells on Single Crystal SiC Substrates

Crystalline silicon carbide (SiC) has the potential to become an important biomaterial and a versatile interface between the electronic and biological world. In this work, single crystal SiC biocompatibility is investigated by culturing mammalian cells directly on SiC substrates. The cell morphology and the quality of the cell adhesion have been studied using fluorescence microscopy, while MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays have been performed to quantify cell viability and number. Standard culture-wells and silicon (Si) substrates were used as controls in the final assessment of crystalline SiC biocompatibility.
Note on the Interpretation of Wood's Iodine Resonance Spectrum

The paper describes a re-analysis of the resonance series described by Mecke, using the formulas developed by Kratzer and Sudholt. The series are correlated with the absorption bands near the exciting mercury line. The recomputed values of the moment of inertia for the normal state ($n=0$) and for the excited electronic level ($n=26 \mathrm{to} 29$) are 8.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}38}$ gm. ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and 12.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}38}$ gm. ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ respectively. The origin of these bands is very close to the head, the value of ${m}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}$ for the head being 1.81.
SU-GG-I-85: Tumor Shape Analysis Using Poisson's Equation

Purpose: The role that tumor shape plays in disease treatment, progression, and outcome is not well understood. This work investigates the quantification of shape information required for the statistical analysis of tumors.Method and Materials: The statistical shape characterization method proposed by Haidar et al. 2006 that utilizes Poisson's equation is adapted for tumor shape parameterization. An extensive algorithm using finite differences and software toolset has been developed for efficient computation of the solution to Poisson's equation for three‐dimensional tumor volumes as well as general anatomic features. A characteristic plot that is unique to a given shape is generated. The statistical framework of this method utilizes a permutation test to establish significance between sets of characteristic plots. The method has been thoroughly tested for 2D and 3D test datasets that include simple geometric shapes as well as contoured volumes from images of the human brain.Results: This method is able to distinguish subtle differences in simple 2D and 3D phantoms as well as human brainanatomy. Such differences are difficult to quantify and often do not correlate to volume. Scale and translation insensitivity of the method are also proved. Imaging studies show that tumor geometries that are closely related have notably similar shape characteristics that correlate to p‐values less <0.5. Conclusion:Tumor shape can be statistically modeled by a metric based on a 3D solution to Poisson's equation to allow full analysis of morphology. This method yields a model by which tumors can be studied independent of translation or scale. Future work through a clinical trial aims to predict outcome based on shape‐related cues that are volume independent. Research supported in part by Varian Medical Systems.