cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Endogenous activity of bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

SummaryThe influence of age of cell suspensions on viability and on the distribution of C14 between growth-labeled cells of Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CO2, and the suspension medium was tested under aerobic and anaerobic starvation conditions at 30°C No direct relationship between the potential amounts of energy available on the basis of C14O2 production or loss of cellular-C14 and survival of the cells could be detected. Each species exhibited somewhat different behaviors as regards endogenous metabolism and decreases in cell-C14, in turbidity or in viable counts of the suspensions. Questions are raised regarding the value of endogenous respiration for survival of the cell.
Retrieval sequencing for unit-load automated storage and retrieval systems with multiple openings

Automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) have made a dramatic impact on material handling and inventory control in warehouses and product systems. A unit-load AS/RS is generic and other AS/RS represent its variations. In this paper, we study a problem of sequencing retrieval requests in a unit-load AS/RS. In a unit-load AS/RS, there are usually multiple openings and a unit-load can be stored in any opening. Given a list of retrieval requests and the locations of openings, this problem seeks a sequence of dual cycles that minimizes total travel time taken by a storage/retrieval machine. Previous researchers believed that this problem is computationally intractable and provided greedy-style heuristic algorithms. In this paper, we present an algorithm that combines the Hungarian method and the ranking algorithm for the assignment problem with tour-checking and tour-breaking algorithms. We show that this algorithm finds either a verified optimal or near-optimal solution quickly for moderate size proble...
On summary measures analysis of the linear mixed effects model for repeated measures when data are not missing completely at random

Subjects often drop out of longitudinal studies prematurely, yielding unbalanced data with unequal numbers of measures for each subject. A simple and convenient approach to analysis is to develop summary measures for each individual and then regress the summary measures on between-subject covariates. We examine properties of this approach in the context of the linear mixed effects model when the data are not missing completely at random, in the sense that drop-out depends on the values of the repeated measures after conditioning on fixed covariates. The approach is compared with likelihood-based approaches that model the vector of repeated measures for each individual. Methods are compared by simulation for the case where repeated measures over time are linear and can be summarized by a slope and intercept for each individual. Our simulations suggest that summary measures analysis based on the slopes alone is comparable to full maximum likelihood when the data are missing completely at random but is markedly inferior when the data are not missing completely at random. Analysis discarding the incomplete cases is even worse, with large biases and very poor confidence coverage.
Quantitative EPR studies of the primary reaction of Photosystem I in chloroplasts

Abstract Quantitative electron paramagnetic resonance studies of the primary event associated with Photosystem I in chloroplasts have been carried out at 25 °K. After illumination of either whole chloroplasts or Photosystem I subchloroplast fragments (D-144) with 715-nm actinic light at 25 °K, equal spin concentrations of oxidized P700 and reduced bound iron-sulfur protein (bound ferredoxin) have been measured. Quantitative determination of the concentration of these two carriers by EPR spectroscopy after illumination at low temperature indicates that Photosystem I fragments are enriched in P700 and the bound iron-sulfur protein as compared with unfractionated chloroplasts. These results indicate that P700 and the bound iron-sulfur protein function as the donor-acceptor complex of chloroplast Photosystem I.
Quasar feedback and the origin of radio emission in radio-quiet quasars

We conduct kinematic analysis of the SDSS spectra of 568 obscured luminous quasars, with the emphasis on the kinematic structure of the [OIII]5007 emission line. [OIII] emission tends to show blueshifts and blue excess, which indicates that at least part of the narrow-line gas is undergoing an organized outflow. The velocity width containing 90% of line power ranges from 370 to 4780 km/sec, suggesting outflow velocities up to 2000 km/sec. The velocity width of the [OIII] emission is positively correlated with the radio luminosity among the radio-quiet quasars. We propose that radio emission in radio-quiet quasars is due to relativistic particles accelerated in the shocks within the quasar-driven outflows; star formation in quasar hosts is insufficient to explain the observed radio emission. The median radio luminosity of the sample of nu L_nu[1.4GHz] = 10^40 erg/sec suggests a median kinetic luminosity of the quasar-driven wind of L_wind=3x10^44 erg/sec, or about 4% of the estimated median bolometric luminosity L_bol=8x10^45 erg/sec. Furthermore, the velocity width of [OIII] is positively correlated with mid-infrared luminosity, which suggests that outflows are ultimately driven by the radiative output of the quasar. As the outflow velocity increases, some emission lines characteristic of shocks in quasi-neutral medium increase as well, which we take as further evidence of quasar-driven winds propagating into the interstellar medium of the host galaxy. None of the kinematic components show correlations with the stellar velocity dispersions of the host galaxies, so there is no evidence that any of the gas in the narrow-line region of quasars is in dynamical equilibrium with the host galaxy. Quasar feedback appears to operate above the threshold luminosity of L_bol=3x10^45 erg/sec.
Temperature-modulated DSC using higher harmonics of the Fourier transform

Abstract In this paper, experiments with temperature-modulated calorimetry are described in which use is made of multiple modulation frequencies for the evaluation of the heat capacity. The different harmonics of the Fourier series of the heat-flow rate and heating rate of a single sawtooth-modulation experiment were deconvoluted to extract data pertaining to different frequencies. In the normally employed temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC), one uses only the first harmonic of the Fourier series. In such a typical TMDSC experiment with a period of less than about 150 s, one needs to correct the measurements by extrapolation to zero frequency, utilizing data taken at different frequencies. It is shown that the extrapolation of the heat capacity from the amplitudes of the first and higher harmonics of the Fourier-transforms of heat-flow rate and heating rate permits the evaluation of the correct heat capacity from a single experiment. The number of harmonics which can be used for the correction depends on the chosen period of the sawtooth. In case of the power-compensation calorimeter employed in this study, the upper limit of frequency of the highest harmonic is about 2 π /10 rad s −1 (0.1 Hz), i.e., for modulation with a period of 120 s, up to the eleventh harmonic can be utilized, although the amplitude (and precision) decreases for the higher harmonics.
UCDrive: a new gridded mobile source emission inventory model

Current modeling methods are inadequate for producing gridded mobile source inventories suitable for simulating fine-scale changes in emissions for transportation planning or regulatory control purposes. In this paper, we present a new model that more precisely simulates small-scale emission changes that can arise from, for example, implementation of traffic control measures in transportation networks. The new model, UCDrive, directly interfaces with most travel demand models and with California's regulatory emission factor model EMFAC2001/2002. The model improves the sensitivity of emission estimates to variations in vehicle speeds and uses a theoretically consistent approach to spatially disaggregating mobile emissions. To demonstrate application of the model we use the Sacramento area network to perform a comparison study. We show that regional emissions with the new model replicate regulatory inventories, which is critical for using the model for regulatory purposes. We also show that the new model's results better replicate regulatory totals than those derived with a frequently used gridded emissions inventory model. The new model should improve the ability to better simulate changes in mobile emissions from transportation projects and help to bridge the gap between gridded mobile emission inventories and regional mobile emission inventories.
Older widows' attitudes towards men and remarriage

Abstract Sixty-four older women who had been widowed for several years were interviewed about their attitudes towards men and remarriage. Qualitative and quantitative data are presented. A majority said they are interested in or attracted to men, but a large majority said they are opposed to remarriage or consider it impossible. Number of prior marriages, length and quality of prior marriage, driving, working, persisting grief, other social relationships, prior caregiving, finances, age, and health were investigated as possible determinants of these attitudes. The findings draw attention to factors that vary historically by cohort, in addition to those that are age- and health-related, and support the life-span approach to human development. The attitudes of older widows towards men, courtship, sexuality, and cross-sex relationships are relatively unexplored topics in social gerontology; this investigation contributes significantly to our understanding of older women.
History Matters: United States Policy and Indigenous Early Childhood Intervention

This article discusses the degree to which early childhood practitioners in the United States attend to cultural differences and social injustice in their pedagogy, with a particular reference to indigenous peoples. The article has three major sections. The first describes an indigenous perspective regarding 'improvement' and 'quality' with respect to early childhood programs. Included is a review of United States policy developments regarding indigenous peoples (including an examination of relevant aspects of the Bureau of Indian Affairs) and a discussion of the impact of those policies on indigenous families. The second section discusses the impact of contemporary early childhood policies and practices on indigenous communities. The third section is a review of the dominant research literature and theoretical beliefs.
Calculation of hemoglobin saturation from in vivo human brain tissues using a modified diffusion theory model

During deep brain stimulation, a neurosurgical procedure to relieve tremors, a thin electrode is inserted into deep brain regions to provide stimulation. Accurate electrode placement is crucial to provide tremor suppression without damaging adjacent optical and motor regions. A portable, real-time display fiber optic reflectance probe is used to obtain reflected signals from living, human brain tissues. The optical results are compared to pre-operative MRI scans to confirm anatomical structures and verify electrode placement. In addition to reflectance, tissue oxygen saturation may assist brain tissue identification. A modified diffusion model has been developed and tested using Monte Carlo data for small source-detector separations between 500 to 600 nm for hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels of 100% and 0%. In turn, curve fitting between the spectral curves and the model was performed, producing errors of 5.24% and 5.43%, respectively, for cases of 100% and 0% hemoglobin saturation. Additional validation was performed through in vitro studies. Following validation, the model was then used to extract oxygen saturation values from in vivo reflectance spectra. This method permits calculations for hemoglobin saturation and absorption and scattering coefficients from in vivo tissues. Those parameters may be used as clinical markers for neurological localization in the future.
Stabilization of discrete-time systems with stochastic parameters☆

Abstract This letter presents a solution to the problem of stabilization by a constant feedback of a linear system whose system and control matrices are multiplied by scalar correlated noise sequences.
Indium-111 labeled platelets: Studies on preparation and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo functions

Abstract Platelets have been labeled with a lipid soluble complex of the radionuclide indium-111. The complex is formed with 8-hydroxyquinoline and extracted in chloroform which is then evaporated to dryness. The residue is dissolved in 50 μl of ethanol and diluted to 200 μl with normal saline. Platelets are separated by differential centrifugation, washed and suspended either in Tyrodes-albumin solution or in normal saline. The solution of 111 In-complex is added to separated platelets and more than 95% of the radioactivity is incorporated with the platelets. The function of the labeled platelets has been studied by their aggregability using adenosine diphosphate and collagen as the stimulating agents. No adverse effects have been observed. The survival of the indium-labeled platelets was similar to that observed with chromium-51 labeled platelets. Labeled canine platelets have been administered to dogs in whom venous thrombi had been induced by alteration of the intima by an electric current. The thrombi were detected by imaging 50 minutes after administration of the labeled platelets. Twenty-four hours later the thrombi were removed and had 20–50 times the radioactivity of an equal weight of blood. Accumulation of large amounts of radioactivity in surgical wounds has also been observed. Damage of the intima of carotid arteries in animals by a balloon catheter demonstrated 8 to 20 times more activity in the damaged artery than in the normal artery. Results indicate that In-111 labeled platelets have potential both for platelet survival studies and for evaluation of vascular damage.
A CNS specific proteoglycan associated with astrocytes in rat optic nerve.

Abstract A novel CNS specific keratan sulfate proteoglycan is identified by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) TED15. The antibody recognizes a carbohydrate epitope that is removed from the core protein following keratanase digestion. The relative molecular weight of the glycoprotein is not altered following digestion with heparinase, heparitinase or chondroitinase ABC. By immunoblot analysis, the TED15 antigen is differentially distributed in diencephalic derivatives, being present in the optic nerve but absent from the retina. Within the optic nerve, the TED15 antigen is associated with astrocytes, while in the retina no labeling of astrocytes or Muller cells is observed.
Selective dry etching of (Sc2O3)x(Ga2O3)1-x gate dielectrics and surface passivation films on GaN

(Sc2O3)x(Ga2O3)1−x films grown by molecular beam epitaxy show promise for use as surface passivation layers and gate dielectrics on GaN-based high electron mobility transistors. Completely selective, low-damage, dry etching of (Sc2O3)x(Ga2O3)1−x films with respect to GaN can be achieved with low-power inductively coupled plasmas of CH4/H2/Ar with etch rates in the range 200–300 A/min. The incident ion energies are of order 100 eV, and no roughening of the underlying GaN was observed under these conditions. Similar etch rates were obtained with Cl2/Ar discharges under the same conditions, but GaN showed rates almost an order of magnitude higher.
Beware of the Weaker Sex: Don't Get Too Close to Your Twin Brother

In a previous article,1 we added to a chronicle of studies lamenting about the risk of being an infant boy, especially one who is very low in birth weight. We also suggested that “nature's intent” with respect to what we had described as a natural “process biased against boys (an early culling of less adaptable or fit progenitors), or an affirmative action for girls (an early sparing of that segment of the population most important for birthing and nurturing the next generation)” would remain obscure until the biological mechanisms that contribute to the phenomenon are elucidated. To this end, in this month's Pediatrics Electronic Pages Shinwell et al2 have made a provocative contribution to the literature by presenting data derived from the circumstance of twinning. Their results suggest that the male fetus brings it on himself and can, in the situation of twinning, also bring it on his innocent partner in the womb, even if it is a girl. However, in our view, the report is ultimately difficult to interpret, which makes accepting its conclusions less than easy. Although the study was population based, the sample did not include all pregnancies; in fact, the sample was based on birth weight instead of gestational age (twin pairs were excluded whenever either infant weighed 1500 g). Using birth weight as the only criterion results in overrepresentation of small-for-age infants and a selection bias … Address correspondence to David K. Stevenson, MD, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 750 Welch Rd, Suite 315, Palo Alto, CA 94306. E-mail: dstevenson{at}stanford.edu
Application of low-angle polishing for rapid assessment of the texture and morphology of thick film Y1Ba2Cu3O7 superconducting tapes

Abstract Metallographic polishing was used for the rapid assessment of the texture quality of 2 μm thick YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (YBCO) layers deposited on oxide buffered RABiTS ™ metal substrates. The YBCO films were grown using the barium fluoride ex situ process. The method is based on partial removal of the YBCO layer by mechanical polishing, resulting in the formation of a 200–300 μm wide wedge of YBCO material with an approximately linear thickness profile. Due to the linearity of the thickness profile of the wedge, the depth below the film surface, of any visible structural detail in the wedge area, can be determined by simply measuring the lateral distance from the detail of interest to the film surface/wedge intersection. In this study the wedge area was inspected by optical microscopy for changes in morphology, twin plane pattern, and YBCO grain size. It is demonstrated how X-ray diffraction, combined with low-angle polishing can help establish the origins of YBCO texture degradation in the sub-surface layers of thick YBCO films. It is concluded that homogeneous nucleation is responsible for the appearance of random texture in sub-surface YBCO layers.
Efficient generation of blue light in oligothiophene chromophores doped in polymer films and fiber

Abstract A conjugated oligothiophene chromophore with large linear and nonlinear absorption cross-sections that emits light in the blue region is studied. Here measurements of the one- and two-photon absorption and fluorescence of an oligothiophene chromophore doped in polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) polymer is presented. It was observed that oligothiophene/PMMA fluoresces strongly and through amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), is an efficient source of blue light around 460 nm. Using these materials, a polymer fiber-based blue ASE light source is demonstrated. Blue emitting molecules (mainly in PMMA) are tabulated for comparison.
Contribution of Membrane-Binding and Enzymatic Domains of Penicillin Binding Protein 5 to Maintenance of Uniform Cellular Morphology of Escherichia coli

Four low-molecular-weight penicillin binding proteins (LMW PBPs) of Escherichia coli are closely related and have similar dd-carboxypeptidase activities (PBPs 4, 5, and 6 and DacD). However, only one, PBP 5, has a demonstrated physiological function. In its absence, certain mutants of E. coli have altered diameters and lose their uniform outer contour, resulting in morphologically aberrant cells. To determine what differentiates the activities of these LMW PBPs, we constructed fusion proteins combining portions of PBP 5 with fragments of other dd-carboxypeptidases to see which hybrids restored normal morphology to a strain lacking PBP 5. Functional complementation occurred when truncated PBP 5 was combined with the terminal membrane anchor sequences of PBP 6 or DacD. However, complementation was not restored by the putative carboxy-terminal anchor of PBP 4 or by a transmembrane region of the osmosensor protein ProW, even though these hybrids were membrane bound. Site-directed mutagenesis of the carboxy terminus of PBP 5 indicated that complementation required a generalized amphipathic membrane anchor but that no specific residues in this region seemed to be required. A functional fusion protein was produced by combining the N-terminal enzymatic domain of PBP 5 with the C-terminal β-sheet domain of PBP 6. In contrast, the opposite hybrid of PBP 6 to PBP 5 was not functional. The results suggest that the mode of PBP 5 membrane anchoring is important, that the mechanism entails more than a simple mechanical tethering of the enzyme to the outer face of the inner membrane, and that the physiological differences among the LMW PBPs arise from structural differences in the dd-carboxypeptidase enzymatic core.
Impediments to Timely Delivery of New Products at an Industrial Products Firm

Identifies and discusses sources of delay in the new product development process at an industrial products firm. Data were collected during 11 bi‐weekly project review meetings at which 42 different projects were discussed. The highest priority projects were designs for a new venture into European markets. The study suggests that manager selection, vendor monitoring, attention to physical engineering design, and bureaucratic checkpoints contribute more to project delays than do most other internal problems such as resource bottlenecks and miscommunications.
Histamine receptors in primate gallbladder.

The effect of intravenous histamine on intragallbaladder pressure (GBp) and subsequent modification of the histamine response by H1-and H2-antagonists was investigated in an awake baboon model. Responses to specific H1-and H2-agonists were also examined in order to further elucidate gallbladder histamine responses. Gallbladder volume (GBv) was arbitrarily set at 60–70% of observed resting GBv, and drugs were then infused intravenously with continuous monitoring of GBp. Histamine administration resulted in a logarithmic dose-response curve with a maximal increase in GBp equal to 31.7 mm Hg at a dose of 0.0625 mg of histamine. Infusion of the H1-antagonist diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Benadryl) resulted in a decreased GBp response to histamine when compared to preblocker response at all doses studied. On the other hand, histamine response following administration of the H2-antagonist metiamide was significantly greater than the preblocker histamine response. Infusion of the H1-agonist 2-pyridylethylamine resulted in a dose-dependent increase in GBp similar to the histamine curve, while infusion of the H2-agonist dimaprit resulted in consistent decreases in GBp. These results extend previous observations in subprimate preparations and demonstrate the presence of both stimulatory H1-receptors and inhibitory H2-receptors in anin situ primate model.
Clinical neuroimaging using arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging

The two most common methods for measuring perfusion with MRI are based on dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and arterial spin labeling (ASL). Although clinical experience to date is much more extensive with DSC perfusion MRI, ASL methods offer several advantages. The primary advantages are that completely noninvasive absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements are possible with relative insensitivity to permeability, and that multiple repeated measurements can be obtained to evaluate one or more interventions or to perform perfusion-based functional MRI. ASL perfusion and perfusion-based functional MRI methods have been applied in many clinical settings, including acute and chronic cerebrovascular disease, CNS neoplasms, epilepsy, aging and development, neurodegenerative disorders, and neuropsychiatric diseases. Recent technical advances have improved the sensitivity of ASL perfusion MRI, and increasing use is expected in the coming years. The present review focuses on ASL perfusion MRI and applications in clinical neuroimaging.
Indirect shader domain rendering

This paper presents an indirect shader domain rendering techinque to combine different shader rendering effects to visualize the investigating data. Multiple shaders are associated with the geometries or voxels in volumetric data. The shader is resolved at run time to be selected for rendering. Our indirect shader synthesizer provides a novel method to control the appearance of the rendering over multi-shaders. We demonstrate an interactive shader painting technique using our indirect shader synthesizer to generate highly informative images from both geometric and volumetric datasets.
A Zuni Artist looks at Frank Hamilton Cushing: Cartoons by Phil Hughte, Pueblo of Zuni Arts and Crafts, Zuni, New Mexico

This book is a very unique look into the legacy of Frank Hamilton Cushing at Zuni and his influence on the Zuni people by the Zuni cartoonist Phil Hughte. This volume of Hughte's cartoons depicts Cushing at various periods and important moments of his career at Zuni. Although Hughte's cartoons selected Cushing moments at Zuni require no words to express Cushing's influence on the pueblo, Hughte provides captions to each of his cartoons designed to explain what Cushing was doing to the reader who is not intimately knowledgeable about Cushing's work.
Obesity Is Associated With a Lower Resting Oxygen Saturation in the Ambulatory Elderly: Results From the Cardiovascular Health Study

BACKGROUND: The contribution of obesity to hypoxemia has not been reported in a community-based study. Our hypothesis was that increasing obesity would be independently associated with lower SpO2 in an ambulatory elderly population. METHODS: The Cardiovascular Health Study ascertained resting SpO2 in 2,252 subjects over age 64. We used multiple linear regression to estimate the association of body mass index (BMI) with SpO2 and to adjust for potentially confounding factors. Covariates including age, sex, race, smoking, airway obstruction (based on spirometry), self reported diagnosis of emphysema, asthma, heart failure, and left ventricular function (by echocardiography) were evaluated. RESULTS: Among 2,252 subjects the mean and median SpO2 were 97.6% and 98.0% respectively; 5% of subjects had SpO2 values below 95%. BMI was negatively correlated with SpO2 (Spearman R = −0.27, P < .001). The mean difference in SpO2 between the lowest and highest BMI categories (< 25 kg/m2 and ≥ 35 kg/m2) was 1.33% (95% CI 0.89–1.78%). In multivariable linear regression analysis, SpO2 was significantly inversely associated with BMI (1.4% per 10 units of BMI, 95% CI 1.2–1.6, for whites/others, and 0.87% per 10 units of BMI, 95% CI 0.47–1.27, for African Americans). CONCLUSIONS: We found a narrow distribution of SpO2 values in a community-based sample of ambulatory elderly. Obesity was a strong independent contributor to a low SpO2, with effects comparable to or greater than other factors clinically associated with lower SpO2.
Development of hydrogenated amorphous silicon sensors for diagnostic X-ray imaging

Signal measurements with diagnostic-quality X-rays have been performed on photosensitive diodes fabricated from hydrogenated amorphous silicon. Such diodes exhibit high light collection and conversion efficiency and excellent radiation damage resistance and thus are candidates for X-ray imaging. Results of an examination of the linearity of the output signal with respect to X-ray exposure rate and of the signal size normalized to exposure rate are reported for various X-ray energies and phosphor screens. The leakage current was small in magnitude relative to the signal current, and the signal current displayed linearity over a large range of exposure rates. Such photodiodes are being incorporated in two-dimensional arrays of addressable sensors for real-time medical imaging. >
Destination image: a meta-analysis of 2000-2007 research.

Determining destination image is a complex task, and the construct is often subjectively assessed. No standardized system of analysis exists to determine destination image and its related components, resulting in a variety of techniques and strategies being used. This study provides a comprehensive review of conceptual and empirical research on destination image published between January 2000 and October 2007 with the aim of identifying current and emerging trends in the area of destination image studies. Meta-analysis of 152 articles that discuss various strategies for destination image assessment summarizes the state of destination image research and examines new destination image assessment approaches. The findings are contrasted to earlier destination image reviews where appropriate.
The herpes simplex virus type 1 strain 17+ γ34.5 deletion mutant 1716 is avirulent in SCID mice

Laboratory animal models are important tools for the identification of avirulent herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strains which have potential for use in humans as vaccine strains or gene therapy vectors. We have studied an HSV-1 17+ variant, 1716, that has a deletion in the γ34·5 gene and which replicates poorly in the footpads of mice and is unable to grow in the mouse central nervous system or dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the peripheral nervous system following peripheral inoculation. However, 1716 is known to be capable of establishing latent infections in the DRG of mice. Here we show that 1716 is avirulent after ocular infection and has low virulence after intracranial inoculation in SCID mice. Since SCID mice are much more sensitive to HSV-1 infection than immunocompetent mice, our results clearly demonstrate the drastically reduced virulence of the variant 1716 and provide additional support for the hypothesis that this variant would be avirulent in humans.
MobileFirst: mobile development and runtime challenges for today and tomorrow (keynote)

Mobile technologies are revolutionizing our personal lives and transforming the way we do business. This talk addresses both the technology and business transformations taking place, and ex-plains how they are encouraging organizations to rethink the way they do business. The ensuing changes affect the internal business processes related to employees and the external customer facing systems that use front office digitization. The large variety of heterogeneous platforms, form factors, native vs. hybrid applica-tions are among the many challenges associated with developing and managing mobile applications. This challenge is further inten-sified by omni-channel requirements, which are driving the need for businesses to present customers with a single, transparent system—rather than multiple channels with separate inventory, processing, and delivery systems. This talk introduces new tech-nologies from IBM Research that tackle these hurdles and address the entire application lifecycle. These innovations include: tools that help non-programmers create mobile applications, advanced services for functional and performance testing, security analysis and certification, and application usability and usage analytics. This technology transformation underlines the need for new mid-dleware capabilities that are delivered as Mobile Back-end as a Service (MBaaS). These services can include capabilities such as location, push, cloud code, and data synchronization; all these can be delivered as part of a comprehensive API management system. In addition to platform challenges, this talk shares a peek at some new mobile solutions, including advanced authentication services, urban mobility, education, healthcare, patient centered care, and more.
Molecular Information from ESR Spectra: Transition Metal Molecules

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy at low temperatures can provide detailed electronic and magnetic properties of reactive molecules, such as their multiplicities, zero-field splittings, and hyperfine interaction constants. This has proved to be particularly valuable in the study of small transition metal molecules and clusters where ab initio theory is also being applied. A review of the experimental and theoretical knowledge of those molecules is brought up to date.
Better Parents, More Stable Partners: Union Transitions among Cohabiting Parents.

Data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 1,702 couples) are employed to examine the association between mother- and father-reported parenting characteristics (father involvement and coparenting) and transitions out of cohabitation through marriage or separation in the 5 years after a child is born. Father involvement and coparenting may be signs of commitment and investment among couples without the legal bonds of marriage. Both the level and change in father involvement and coparenting are associated with a decreased likelihood of separation, although neither is associated with greater odds of marriage. These results suggest that higher levels of father involvement and a positive coparenting relationship may keep couples together, which allows children to spend their early years with both biological parents in the household.
Towards Understanding Assessments of the Big Five: Multitrait‐Multimethod Analyses of Convergent and Discriminant Validity Across Measurement Occasion and Type of Observer

Multitrait-multimethod analyses were used to examine the degree of convergent and discriminant validity of the Big Five. Phase 1 examined self-reports of the Big Five across three measurement occasions. Self-reports of the Big Five traits were stable, but were moderately intercorrelated. Phase 2 examined assessments of the Big Five across different types of informants (self, peer, and parent). Assessments converged across types of informants and, importantly, there was no evidence of correlation between the Big Five traits across the perspectives of different types of informants. The present results suggest that the degree of orthogonality of the Big Five traits depends on the source of the data. A single informant produces Big Five traits that are intercorrelated, whereas diverse informants tend to produce a much more orthogonal structure. Discussion focuses on methodological considerations in examining levels of convergent and discriminant validity and the theoretical implications for understanding personality assessments and the relationship between three-and five-factor models of personality.
Thermal resistance of an eddy

By experimental means a relation is obtained between the thermal resistance of an eddy and its angular momentum. The eddy is stationary, and no extraneous motion is present. The secondary motion which may develop in the annulus between concentric rotating cylinders is used to obtain the eddies. The fluid motion is well defined at all times and at all points of space. Heat is passed through the eddies, and the Nusselt number is obtained, which varies linearly with the angular momentum. Both Nusselt number and angular momentum vary linearly with the peripheral velocity of the inner rotating cylinder, which can be interpreted in terms of a Reynolds number associated with fluid flow perpendicular to a cylinder.
Confining Fatherhood Incarceration and Paternal Involvement Among Nonresident White, African American, and Latino Fathers

The authors examine the consequences of incarceration for nonresident White, Latino, and African American fathers' contact with children and their formal and informal child support agreements. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, they found that fathers' current incarceration presented serious obstacles to maintaining contact with children and interfered with the establishment of informal financial support agreements with mothers. Recent and past incarceration were strongly and negatively associated with how often non-Latino White fathers saw their children but had a considerably smaller effect for African American and Latino fathers. A similar pattern of racial and ethnic differences was observed with respect to mothers' trust of fathers to take care of their children. Findings suggest the continued need for fathering programs in prisons and for reentry programs for fathers in communities following their release.
Hydrogen solubilities and permeabilities in un-oxidized and partially internally oxidized fcc Pd–Fe and (Pd0.77Ag0.23)1−xFex alloys (393–523 K)

Abstract Hydrogen solubilities have been measured for a series of Pd–Fe alloys in the temperature range from 393 to 523 K. From these equilibrium data the standard partial thermodynamic parameters at infinite dilution of H, Δ H H ° and Δ S H ° have been obtained and the former becomes less negative, and the latter more negative, with increase of X Fe . H diffusion parameters have been determined in the Pd–Fe alloys (393–523 K). D H decreases and E D increases with X Fe while the pre-exponential factors D H ° do not change significantly. The dependence of D H and E D on H content have been determined for several of the Pd–Fe alloys and the former decreases and the latter increases with the H contents.
Tribochemical synthesis of nano-lubricant films from adsorbed molecules at sliding solid interface: Tribo-polymers from α-pinene, pinane, and n-decane

Abstract The mechanochemical reactions of adsorbed molecules at sliding interfaces were studied for α-pinene (C 10 H 16 ), pinane (C 10 H 18 ), and n-decane (C 10 H 22 ) on a stainless steel substrate surface. During vapor phase lubrication, molecules adsorbed at the sliding interface could be activated by mechanical shear. Under the equilibrium adsorption condition of these molecules, the friction coefficient of sliding steel surfaces was about 0.2 and a polymeric film was tribochemically produced. The synthesis yield of α-pinene tribo-polymers was about twice as much as pinane tribo-polymers. In contrast to these strained bicyclic hydrocarbons, n-decane showed much weaker activity for tribo-polymerization at the same mechanical shear condition. These results suggested that the mechanical shear at tribological interfaces could induce the opening of the strained ring structure of α-pinene and pinane, which leads to polymerization of adsorbed molecules at the sliding track. On a stainless steel surface, such polymerization reactions of adsorbed molecules do not occur under typical surface reaction conditions. The mechanical properties and boundary lubrication efficiency of the produced tribo-polymer films are discussed.
Continuous Emulsion Polymerization

Abstract The theories presented can be used for prediction of particle size, particle formation, rate of polymerization, and molecular weight for the emulsion polymerization of styrene in continuous stirred-tank reactors. The incorporation of Stockmayer's modification of the Smith-Ewart theory into Gershberg's continuous reactor model has helped to account for the formation of fewer but larger particles when the reactor is operated at long mean residence times. The use of a different particle generation relation by Nomura and coworkers has led to better agreement between theory and experiment for particle number and polymerization rate at low values of mean, residence time. Their model also fits transient data better than Gershberg's. However, the prediction that free-radical movement into particles is independent of particle size is not very satisfactory. Perhaps the better agreement between theory and experiment results because of the introduction of an additional experimentally determined parameter. Da...
Globally Diverse USA Top Management Teams: A Growing Trend

This theoretical paper makes a contribution to a not so commonly researched extension of upper-echelon theory, as it is internationalization of Top Management Teams. Literature review has suggested that social, and economic pressures are forcing US corporations to begin to embrace globally diverse executives. I have identified four factors in the literature that are expected to encourage a more globally diverse USA top management teams: The degree of the firm international diversification, the firm reputation, an incumbent globally diverse CEO and an incumbent globally diverse Board of Directors. Corporations who embrace diversity, in general, learn how to manage it and make the right choices will reap the benefits, while minimizing the costs.
Testing a Model of Perceived Information Adequacy and Uncertainty Reduction in Physician-Patient Interactions

Abstract This study, guided by information theory and uncertainty reduction theory, proposed and tested a model of perceived information adequacy and uncertainty reduction in doctor‐patient interactions. Fifty‐six patients in a cardiology clinic participated in the study which included a pre‐visit and a post‐visit survey. The results confirmed the existence of illness uncertainty, relational uncertainty, and medical setting uncertainty as perceptually related, but relatively distinct constructs. Results also indicated that perceived information adequacy is a valid predictor of post‐visit illness uncertainty. The model generally was supported. In addition, this study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of scales that were developed to measure sources of uncertainty and perceptions of information adequacy in doctor‐patient interactions. Discussion highlights consideration of practical implications, limitations, and directions for future research.
Cancer in Families With Xeroderma Pigmentosum

In 31 families of xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) patients, significantly more blood relatives than spouse controls had had nonmelanoma skin cancer. These family data support the hypothesis that heterozygosity for XP genes may predispose persons to skin cancer, particularly in association with substantial exposure to sunlight.
REDOX REACTIONS OF ANTIMONY(III) O,O-DISUBSTITUTED PHOSPHORODITHIOATES WITH FERRIC CHLORIDE

Abstract The reaction of antimony(III) tris-(O,O-diethylphosphorodithioate) with three equivalents of ferric chloride in ether solution has been found to give ferrous chloride, bis-(O,O-diethylthiophosphoryl) disulfide and dichloroantimony O,O-diethyl phosphorodithioate as the major products. However, a relatively low yield of bis-(O,O-diethylthiophosphoryl) trisulfide was also obtained. The structures of these products were established by independent syntheses. Several additional antimony(III) tris-(O,O-disubstituted phosphorodithioates) were prepared, and the major organic product obtained by reaction of each of these compounds with three equivalents of ferric chloride was the corresponding bis-(O,O-disubstituted thiophosphoryl) disulfide. A mechanism for this reaction has been suggested, and evidence in support of the mechanism has been presented. The various antimony(III) tris-(O,O-dialkyl phosphorodithioates) are passivating agents used in petroleum refining. The results reported in this and in our p...
The Frequency Response on the Super-Meniscus EQCM for Dissolution Modeling of Platinum at PEFC Cathode

The electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique was used to analyze the dissolution behavior of the Nafion®-coated platinum electrode completely or partially immersed in an acidic media. A bare smooth Pt/QC electrode and the one coated with a 0.77 μm Nafion® thin film were used as the working electrodes. The frequency changes in the Nafion®-coated Pt/QC electrodes, which were partially immersed in 0.5 M H2SO4 at 298K, were similar to those of the completely immersed Pt/QC electrodes during potential sweeps. These results indicated that the frequency change in the Nafion®-coated Pt/QC electrode was successfully applied to modeling and analyzing Pt dissolution at the actual PEFC cathode, and we called the new analytical method the “super-meniscus EQCM technique”.
Ayn Rand and american conservatism in the cold war era

An American conservative movement developed rapidly after World War II. It brought together intellectuals and politicians opposed to the New Deal in domestic policy and Soviet communism in foreign policy. The movement's first presidential candidate, Barry Goldwater, lost the election of 1964 but its second, Ronald Reagan, won the election of 1980. It has remained an influential force in American life up to the present, despite strong internal contradictions, which include disagreements about centralized power, about religion, about tradition, about elites, and about the free market. To some of the movement's early luminaries, such as Russell Kirk, free-market capitalism was the antithesis of conservatism since it required perpetual innovation and the sweeping away of traditional forms. To others, such as Ayn Rand, capitalism was the heart and soul of conservatism because it alone preserved the dignity and freedom of the individual.
Negotiating in the Press: American Journalism and Diplomacy, 1918–1919 by Joseph R. Hayden Louisiana State University Press, 2010, 320 Pp.

(2010). Negotiating in the Press: American Journalism and Diplomacy, 1918–1919 by Joseph R. Hayden Louisiana State University Press, 2010, 320 Pp. American Journalism: Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 125-126.
Analysis on Aluminum Contamination in Flour-made Food Sold in Markets of Shenzhen in 2007～2008

Objective To investigate the aluminum contamination in flour-made food sold in the markets of Shenzhen. Methods The food samples collected from supermarkets,restaurants,stalls,and collective canteens in Shenzhen were detected and hygienically evaluated. Results Totally 103 samples in 7 groups of food were detected,82 samples were up-to-standard,the qualified rate was 79.6%,in which the qualified rate of fried bread sticks was only 16.7%. The up-to-standard rate of fried bread sticks was 12.1% in 2007. Conclusions Aluminum is abused severely in some flour-made food sold in the markets of Shenzhen,so the relevant departments should pay more attention to it.
Ontología de la vulnerabilidad y políticas del duelo en Judith Butler

Received: 14/11/14 • Accepted: 02/08/15 This article aims to analyze the way in which Judith Butler presents an Ontology of Vulnerability, based on the concept of “life” as a life worth mourning, as well as its political consequences. We shall analyze why Butler resorts to the category of Ontology and how she incorporates the notion of “life” in her analysis. One of the objectives of this work is to show that this Ontology does not represent a breach in the previous work of Butler: her analyses about gender and sex, but rather that this reflection on vulnerability and precariousness springs from what the author calls “abject bodies”.
Advances in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy of the bile ducts that carries high morbidity and mortality. Patients with CCA typically present with obstructive jaundice, and associated complications of CCA include cholangitis and biliary sepsis. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a valuable treatment modality for patients with CCA, as it enables internal drainage of blocked bile ducts and hepatic segments by using plastic or metal stents. While there remains debate as to if bilateral (or multi-segmental) hepatic drainage is required and/or superior to unilateral drainage, the underlying tenant of draining any persistently opacified bile ducts is paramount to good ERCP practice and good clinical outcomes. Endoscopic therapy for malignant biliary strictures from CCA has advanced to include ablative therapies via ERCP-directed photodynamic therapy (PDT) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA). While ERCP techniques cannot cure CCA, advancements in the field of ERCP have enabled us to improve upon the quality of life of patients with inoperable and incurable disease. ERCP-directed PDT has been used in lieu of brachytherapy to provide neoadjuvant local tumor control in patients with CCA who are awaiting liver transplantation. Lastly, mounting evidence suggests that palliative ERCP-directed PDT, and probably ERCP-directed RFA as well, offer a survival advantage to patients with this difficult-to-treat malignancy.