cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Logistical Factors in Teachers' Motivation

ABSTRACTResearch in education and psychology contributes to an understanding of how educators create contexts for learning that encourage intrinsic motivation and increase academic achievement. In this article, the researcher investigated how teachers themselves define effectiveness and identified what factors influence their motivation, both positively and negatively. The purpose of this study was to explore what factors teachers self-identified as both supporting and hindering their professional motivation. An understanding of what motivates teachers to maintain effectiveness and what contributes to a loss of motivation allows administrators and districts to make professional development, personnel, and curricular decisions that nourish teacher motivation. Data analysis revealed that teacher motivation is influenced by curricular, relational, and logistical factors. Logistical elements that influence teachers' attitudes and effectiveness are discussed here. Findings reveal that the master schedule, orga...
QuickSpot: a video analytics solution for on-street vacant parking spot detection

Vehicles searching for a vacant parking spot on the street can amount to as much as 40 % of the traffic in certain city areas, thus largely affecting mobility in urban environments. For this reason, it would be desirable to create integrated smart traffic management systems capable of providing real-time information to drivers about the location of available vacant parking spots. A scalable solution would consist in exploiting the existing and widely-deployed video surveillance camera networks, which requires the development of computer vision algorithms for detecting vacant parking spots. Following this idea, this work introduces QuickSpot, a car-driven video analytics solution for on-street vacant parking spot detection designed as a motion detection, object tracking and visual recognition pipeline. One of the main features of QuickSpot is its simplified setup, as it can be trained on external databases to learn the appearances of the objects it is capable of recognizing (pedestrians and vehicles). To test its performance under different daytime lighting conditions, we have recorded, edited, annotated and made available to the research community the QuickSpotDB video database for the vacant parking spot detection problem. In the conducted experiments, we have evaluated the trade-off between the accuracy and the computational complexity of QuickSpot with an eye to its practical applicability. The results show that QuickSpot detects parking spot status with an average accuracy close to 99 % at a 1-second rate regardless of the illumination conditions, outperforming in an indirect comparison the other car-driven approaches reported in the literature.
PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems by Successive Random Sign Negation

Successive random sign negation (SRSN) is a simple yet effective PAPR reduction method for OFDM. The symbols to be transmitted by an OFDM block are successively multiplied by a set of randomly generated sign-negating sequences (SNS). The multiplications continue until a resultant PAPR which falls below a predefined threshold is found or all SNS in the set are tried. In the latter case, the resultant sequence with minimum PAPR is selected. The average number of sign-negating sequences tried before finding a suitable one and the overall PAPR performance of the technique are analyzed, with analytical results well supported by simulations. SRSN provides substantial PAPR reductions comparable to some existing approaches with lower complexity.
Imaging Cell–Matrix Interactions in 3D Collagen Hydrogel Culture Systems

3D hydrogels better replicate in vivo conditions, and yield different results from 2D substrates. However, imaging interactions between cells and the hydrogel microenvironment is challenging because of light diffraction and poor focal depth. Here, cryosectioning and vibrating microtomy methods and fixation protocols are compared. Collagen I/III hydrogel sections (20-100 µm) are fixed with paraformaldehyde (2%-4%) and structurally evaluated. Cryosectioning damaged hydrogels, and vibrating microtomy (100 µm, 2%) yielded the best preservation of microstructure and cell integrity. These results demonstrate a potential processing method that preserves hydrogel and cell integrity, permitting imaging of cell interactions with the microenvironment.
Advancing the design and delivery of CRISPR antimicrobials

Abstract CRISPR-Cas systems are prokaryotic immune systems whose RNA-guided nucleases have been co-opted for applications ranging from genome editing and gene regulation to in vitro diagnostics and DNA imaging. Here, we review the current efforts toward repurposing CRISPR nucleases as programmable antimicrobials. Antimicrobial activity is achieved by targeted cleavage of multidrug-resistance plasmids or the bacterial chromosome, resulting in antibiotic sensitivity or cell death. As part of the review, we discuss the different types of nucleases available for CRISPR antimicrobials, the use of bacteriophages as delivery vehicles, and opportunities to enhance antimicrobial activity, delivery, and specificity. Through further advances, these programmable DNA-targeting antimicrobials may help quell the spread of antimicrobial resistance and provide a tool for the manipulation of complex microbial communities.
Production of chemicals using dynamic control of metabolic fluxes

Engineered microbial cell factories are constantly experiencing metabolic imbalance due to nutrients depletion, metabolites buildup, evolutionary pressure or genetic instability. It is important to equip the engineered cell factory with sensor-regulator system to enable cell adjust metabolism and respond to the changing environment. Dynamically allocating cellular resources and optimally controlling pathway expression have proved as promising strategies to manage the tradeoff between cell growth and product formation as well as improve the cost-competitiveness of industrial fermentation. With metabolite-responsive transcriptional factors as basic tools, metabolic engineers are well positioned to engineer robust cell factories that achieve self-adaptation or autonomous control for both biotechnological and biomedical applications. In this review, we present promising dynamic control strategies that have been successfully applied to pathway optimization and chemical manufacturing.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) and Evaluation of Two Controversial Taxonomic Species

Meconopsis is a genus native to the high elevation habitats that range from the western Himalaya eastward to the Hengduan Mountains (China). The genus has been the subject of several taxonomic treatments and monographs by generations of botanists, which has led to a long and confusing taxonomic history with inconsistent species concepts and conflicting interpretations of relationships among named taxa. In the present study, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of Meconopsis utilizing four chloroplast markers (rbcL, matK, ndhF and the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS). Incongruence found between the cpDNA and nrITS trees was investigated to detect reticulate evolution, using the approximately unbiased (AU) method. Based on the evolutionary patterns revealed by our resultant phylogenies, we evaluated the species delimitations of the two most controversial “species” (Meconopsis horridula and Meconopsis napaulensis) in the genus and the inconsistency among their previously published treatments. As a result, we provide taxonomic suggestions for these species that include the proposal of a M. horridula species complex.
Response to Lisovski et al.

Summary Lisovski et al. [1] describe the widely recognized limitations of light-level geolocator data for identifying short-distance latitudinal movements, recommend that caution be used when interpreting such data, intimated that we did not use such caution and argued that environmental shading likely explained the Golden-winged Warbler ( Vermivora chrysoptera ) movements described in our 2015 report [2]. Lisovski et al. [1] conclude that the bird movements we reported could not be disentangled from estimation error in stationary animals caused by environmental shading. We argue that, to the contrary, these hypotheses can easily be disentangled because the premise that environmental shading caused synchronous and parallel error among geolocators is false. With their assertion that our location estimates could be biased by >3,500 km on a day with no observable local sources of shading, Lisovski et al. [1] have taken a position of incredulity toward all geolocator-based animal movement data published to date.
Physical properties of nanocomposite polylactic acid films prepared with oleic acid modified titanium dioxide

Abstract When incorporated into polymers, TiO2 nanoparticles improve toughness, barrier properties, impart opaqueness, and have antibacterial and UV light protecting effects. However, due to low compatibility between hydrophilic TiO2 nanoparticles and hydrophobic polymers, the added TiO2 nanoparticles tend to agglomerate and form large clusters, reducing their effectiveness. Modification of TiO2 surfaces with oleic acid to make them nonpolar is expected to improve compatibility between polylactic acid (PLA) and TiO2. The objective of this study was to compare properties of nanocomopsite PLA films with oleic acid-modified TiO2 (OT-PLA) and unmodified TiO2 (T-PLA) with PLA films without TiO2. OT-PLA, T-PLA and PLA films were prepared using solvent casting. Morphology, mechanical strength, UV–vis absorbance, O2 permeability, and H2O vapor barrier properties were determined. Scanning electron microscopy images showed aggregation of TiO2 in T-PLA, but not in the OT-PLA films. Oxygen permeability and water vapor permeability of 1% OT-PLA were reduced by 29% and 26% compared to PLA. Flexibility of OT-PLA was higher than T-PLA, and Young’s modulus of OT-PLA was lower than T-PLA or PLA. OT-PLA had higher transparency than T-PLA but provided better light blocking in UVA and UVB regions than PLA. TiO2 modification with oleic acid improved dispersion of TiO2 in the PLA. The OT-PLA may have a potential to be used as transparent, functional and environmentally friendly food packaging films.
Diarrheal Diseases: New Challenges and Emerging Opportunities

In keeping with the central theme, “Global Medicine: Current Status and Directions for the Twenty-First Century,” a discussion of diarrheal diseases is particularly relevant, as diarrheal diseases constitute a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality and provide a useful “barometer” of health. Indeed, health is one of the most universal human values, transcending all cultural, political and geographic boundaries; everyone would rather be healthy than sick. In only this century has some measure of health, like education, become an attainable goal for most, with existing societal resources. Despite this potential, growing disparity threatens global health and perhaps civilization itself. Diarrheal diseases provide a useful barometer of health or neglect of a people, as well as a poignant example of the tremendous potential that public health and recent scientific advances have for alleviating human suffering. We must dare to consider the possibility of a world with a certain minimum level of health for all, with food and energy potentially freely available by molecular biologic or other methods, such as engineered E. coli or cyanobacteria to produce carbohydrates for food and hydrocarbons for energy.
Status of Experimental Tests of the IBA

This review will survey the status of experimental tests of the IBA including a discussion of both IBA-1 and IBA-2. Overall, to date, the IBA has enjoyed enormous success, both in individual nuclei and as a general scheme for the unified treatment of entire regions. As the number of tests of the model has grown recently, the first significant discrepancies have also appeared and will be discussed in some detail. The review is limited to even-even nuclei. Even so, it is impossible to discuss all relevant work within the short space available. The growing pace of experimental work in this area is attested by the rather different contents of this review and an earlier one1 this year: the reader is, therefore, also referred to that review where it was possible to treat some of the relatively smaller number of tests in more detail and also for its survey of tests of the IBA for odd mass nuclei.
Effects of Source Nutrient Concentrations and Nutrient Regeneration on Production of Organic Matter in Coastal Upwelling Centers

The seawater found at the center of an upwelling plume appears to come from relatively shallow depths. Since these depths correspond approximately to the depths of the pycnocline, small changes in the depth of the source water can result in large changes in the concentrations of nutrients at the surface. The depth of source water varies on seasonal and shorter time scales as a function of both the large-scale circulation and the local wind and topography driven scale, therefore concentration and ratios of nutrients show variations on the same time scales. These two factors are important both in determining biological production rates at upwelling centers and in determining species composition. For example, in Peru weak upwelling results in silicate limitation of primary production with the possibility that poorly silicified diatom frustules are produced at the outside edges of the plume. With strong upwelling, the ratio of silicate to nitrate increases, more of the nitrate is used and ‘new production’ may increase. These changes are likely to affect the pattern of sedimentation.
Competitive ability is linked to rates of water extraction : A field study of two aridland tussock grasses.

The relative competitive abilities of Agropyron desertorum and Agropyron spicatum under rangeland conditions were compared using Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis transplants as indicator plants. We found A. desertorum to have substantially greater competitive ability than A. spicatum as manifested by the responses of Artemisia shrubs that were transplanted into nearly monospecific stands of these grass species. The Artemisia indicator plants had lower survival, growth, reproduction, and late-season water potential in the neighborhoods dominated by A. desertorum than in those dominated by A. spicatum. In similar, essentially monospecific grass stands, neutron probe soil moisture measurements showed that stands of A. desertorum extracted water more rapidly from the soil profile than did those of A. spicatum. These differences in extraction rates correlate clearly with the differences in indicator plant success in the respective grass stands. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in Artemisia tissues suggested these nutrients were not limiting indicator plant growth and survival in the A. desertorum plots.
Derived esterase activity in Drosophila sechellia contributes to evolved octanoic acid resistance.

The dietary specialist fruit fly Drosophila sechellia has evolved resistance to the secondary defence compounds produced by the fruit of its host plant, Morinda citrifolia. The primary chemicals that contribute to lethality of M. citrifolia are the medium-chain fatty acids octanoic acid (OA) and hexanoic acid. At least five genomic regions contribute to this adaptation in D. sechellia and whereas the fine-mapped major effect locus for OA resistance on chromosome 3R has been thoroughly analysed, the remaining four genomic regions that contribute to toxin resistance remain uncharacterized. To begin to identify the genetic basis of toxin resistance in this species, we removed the function of well-known detoxification gene families to determine whether they contribute to toxin resistance. Previous work found that evolution of cytochrome P450 enzymatic activity or expression is not responsible for the OA resistance in D. sechellia. Here, we tested the role of the two other major detoxification gene families in resistance to Morinda fruit toxins - glutathione-S-transferases and esterases - through the use of the pesticide synergists diethyl maleate and tribufos that inhibit the function of these gene families. This work suggests that one or more esterase(s) contribute to evolved OA resistance in D. sechellia.
Experimental and computational studies of monovalent metal cation-peptide interactions in [M·GlyGlyHis]+ (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ag) complexes.

[M·GlyGlyHis]+ (M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ag) complexes were generated using the electrospray ionization method and were subjected to collision-induced dissociation. Metal ion loss is the primary dissociation channel for [Cs·GlyGlyHis]+ whereas other complexes yield metal-bound peptide sequence ions and dehydrated ions as the main products. [Li·GlyGlyHis]+ and [Ag·GlyGlyHis]+ also generate product ions that are not observed for other complexes. Density functional theory calculations suggest that metal ion-peptide ligand interaction occurs through covalent interactions in [Li·GlyGlyHis]+ and [Ag·GlyGlyHis]+, and through electrostatic attraction in [Na·GlyGlyHis]+, [K·GlyGlyHis]+, [Rb·GlyGlyHis]+, and [Cs·GlyGlyHis]+. The calculations also suggest that fragmentation behavior of these complexes is affected by charge transfer to the ligand and ion-ligand interaction energy, and to a lesser extent by the ion size.
Implementation of a pregnancy screening protocol prior to chemotherapy for women of childbearing potential.

246Background: Many cancer therapies currently available are teratogenic in nature. Several patients cared for within our community ambulatory oncology infusion center are women of childbearing pot...
Primary linitis plastica of the rectum: report of a case.

A case of primary linitis plastica of the rectum has been presented and this may be the first case reported in medical literature. In this paper the literature on the subject is reviewed briefly.
Dualities and Ambiguities: Mad Men’s Use of the Beatles, Nancy Sinatra, and Judy Collins in Seasons Five and Six

As a television series, Mad Men is a show consistently constructed with the utmost attention to detail. Nothing about the show is accidentally chosen, including the musical choices. There have been many poignant and important uses of both period and contemporary music throughout Mad Men’s seven seasons, from Peggy dancing to ‘The Twist’ in 1.8 ‘The Hobo Code’ to the ‘getting dressed for work’ montage set to The Decembrists’ ‘The Infanta’ in 2.6 ‘Maidenform’.
Identification and Evaluation of the Patient with Lung Disease

Preoperative pulmonary evaluation and optimization improves postoperative patient outcomes. Clinicians frequently evaluate patients with pulmonary disease before surgery who are at increased risk for pulmonary and nonpulmonary perioperative complications. Postoperative pulmonary complications are as common and costly as cardiac complications. In this article, the evaluation of patients with the most common conditions encountered in the preoperative setting, including unexplained dyspnea, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and cigarette use, are discussed. Risk stratification for postoperative pulmonary complications and strategies to reduce them for high-risk patients are also discussed. From the available literature, high-risk patients and those patients for whom a multidisciplinary collaboration will be most helpful can be accurately identified.
Risk Factors for Prolonged Length of Stay and Readmission After Parathyroidectomy for Renal Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Population-based analyses of 30-day outcomes after parathyroidectomy for renal secondary hyperparathyroidism are limited. We sought to identify risk factors associated with prolonged length of stay (LOS) and readmission in this patient population. Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy were reviewed in the ACS-NSQIP database (2011–2016). Patients were identified by ICD codes specific to secondary hyperparathyroidism of renal origin and the ACS-NSQIP variable for current preoperative dialysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent factors associated with prolonged LOS and 30-day readmission after parathyroidectomy. The cohort included 1846 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism on dialysis who underwent parathyroidectomy. There were 416 (22.5%) patients classified under the prolonged LOS group. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with prolonged LOS included elevated preoperative alkaline phosphatase [OR 3.13 (95%-CI 2.09–4.70), p < 0.001], decreased preoperative hematocrit [OR 1.83 (95%-CI 1.25–2.68), p = 0.002], unplanned reoperation (OR 5.02 [95%-CI 2.22–11.3], p < 0.001) and any postoperative complication [OR 6.12 (95%-CI 3.31–11.3), p < 0.001]. The overall 30-day readmission rate was 15.0%. Hypocalcemia and hungry bone syndrome accounted for 47.0% (n = 93/198) of readmissions. On multivariable analysis, patients with a history of hypertension and those undergoing unplanned reoperation were at risk of readmission [2.16 (95%-CI 1.21–3.87), p = 0.009, and 2.40 (95%-CI 1.15–5.02), p = 0.020, respectively], whereas reoperative parathyroidectomy was inversely associated with readmission (OR 0.24, 95%-CI 0.07–0.80, p = 0.021). In patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for renal secondary hyperparathyroidism, several readily available preoperative biochemical markers, including those of increased bone turnover and anemia, are associated with prolonged postoperative LOS. Unplanned reoperation was predictive of both increased LOS and readmission.
Differences in health behaviors related to overweight/obesity by race/ethnicity in a diverse urban commuter college.

To examine health behaviors associated with overweight/obesity by race/ethnicity at a diverse urban college. Participants: 270 undergraduates (77.0% female; 26.7% non-Hispanic white) and median bod...
Doxepin in Children and Adolescents with Insomnia: A Single Center Experience (1560)

Objective: Pediatric insomnia is a widespread problem and especially difficult to manage in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. There are currently no FDA-approved medications to use once first line therapy fails. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of doxepin in pediatric patients. Background: Approximately 20% to 30% of infants and toddlers and up to 5% of school-aged children are affected by behavioral insomnia of childhood. Doxepin is FDA-approved at low doses for use in transient or chronic sleep maintenance insomnia in adults. To our knowledge, there are currently no clinical trials and limited data available regarding its use in pediatric insomnia. Design/Methods: This is a retrospective single center chart review of children and adolescents (2–17 years of age) whose sleep failed to improve with behavioral intervention and melatonin who were then trialed on doxepin. Treatment was initiated at a median starting dose of 2mg and slowly escalated to a median maintenance dose of 10mg. Improvement in sleep was recorded using a 4-point Likert scale reported by parents on follow up visits. Results: Total of 37 patients were included in analysis. Mean follow-up duration was 6.32 months (SD ±3.5). Out of 37 patients, 4 (10.8%) patients discontinued doxepin due to lack of efficacy or side effects. 12 (32.4%) patients showed significant improvement in insomnia, 12 (32.4%) showed moderate, 10 (27%) showed mild and 3 (8.1%) showed minimal to no improvement on treatment with Doxepin. Only two patients (5.4%) experienced non life-threatening mild adverse effects. Conclusions: Our data suggests that doxepin is effective, safe and well-tolerated in the treatment of sleep initiation and maintenance insomnia as well as psychophysiological insomnia in child and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It is also an effective, safe, and well-tolerated alternative in healthy children suffering from chronic persistent insomnia. Disclosure: Dr. Shah has nothing to disclose. Dr. Stringel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pavkovic has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kothare has nothing to disclose.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion: A review of current devices, clinical evidence, patient selection, and post procedural antithrombotic management

Stroke is a major driver of increased morbidity and mortality in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). While systemic oral anticoagulation (OAC) continues to be the mainstay for stroke reduction therapy in patients with NVAF, several barriers prevent the sustained long-term use of OAC, including increased risk of bleeding, non-compliance, cost, drug-drug interactions, and the need for ongoing laboratory testing. Given the need for continued stroke reduction therapies in patients who are intolerant of or non-compliant with OAC, percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as a nonpharmacologic alternative to OAC. The development of percutaneous LAAO techniques is based on data suggesting that more than 90% of thrombi in patients with NVAF originate in the LAA. Two percutaneous LAAO devices are currently in widespread clinical use: Watchman (United States and Europe) and the Amplatzer type of devices (Europe); randomized trial data exist only for the Watchman device. Multiple randomized and nonrandomized trials and registries have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of LAAO in patients who are suitable for short-term anticoagulation using a variety of post-procedural antithrombotic strategies. Ongoing randomized clinical trials on LAAO are focused on OAC-ineligible patients to compare efficacy of LAAO devices against a multitude of antithrombotic options. This review aims to discuss the rationale and evidence for LAAO and post procedural antithrombotic strategies and opportunities for research examination. In addition, we discuss the need for continued investigation of LAAO in populations not well represented in clinical trials or registries, including women, older patients, and underrepresented racial and ethnic groups.
Wavelet-based Diagnostics

In a real data analysis, an essential component is a thorough graphical study of the data. It is not uncommon for graphical data analysis to turn up some interesting (even vital!) aspect of the data set that might be completely overlooked by applying some canned “black box” statistical inference procedure.
Knowledge consistent user simulations for dialog systems

We propose a novel model to simulate user knowledge consis- tency in tutoring dialogs, where no clear user goal can be de- fined. We also propose a new evaluation measure of knowledge consistency based on learning curves. We compare our new simulation model to real users as well as to a previously used simulation model. We show that the new model performs simi- larly to the real students and to the previous model when evalu- ated on high-level dialog features. The new model outperforms the previous model when measured on knowledge consistency. Index Terms: spoken dialog, user simulation, evaluation mea- sures, knowledge consistency
A regulatory role for Fcγ receptors CD16 and CD32 in the development of murine B cells

Early in development, murine B-lineage progenitor cells express two classes of IgG Fc receptors (FcgammaR) designated as FcgammaRII (CD32) and FcgammaRIII (CD16), but mature B lymphocytes only express FcgammaRII (CD32), which functions as an inhibitor of B-cell activation when it is induced to associate with mIgM. The functions of CD16 and CD32 on B-lineage precursor cells have not previously been investigated. To search for FcgammaR functions on developing B-lineage cells, normal murine bone marrow cells were cultured in the presence of 2.4G2, a rat monoclonal antibody that binds to CD16 and CD32, or in the presence of control normal rat IgG, and then the B-lineage compartment was analyzed for effects. Cultures that contained 2.4G2 showed enhanced growth and differentiation of B-lineage cells compared with control cultures. The enhancing effect of 2.4G2 also occurred when fluorescence-activated cell-sorted B-cell precursors (B220(+), sIgM-, HSAhigh, FcgammaR+) from normal bone marrow were cocultured with BMS2, a bone marrow stromal cell line, but not when they were cultured in BMS2-conditioned media. The enhancement of B-lineage development induced by 2.4G2 was CD16-dependent and CD32-dependent, because 2.4G2 did not effect B-lineage growth or differentiation in cultures of bone marrow from mice in which either the gene encoding CD16 or CD32 had been disrupted. Analysis of fresh bone marrow from the CD16 gene-disrupted mice showed normal numbers and distribution of cells within the B-cell compartment, but in CD32 gene-disrupted mice, the B-cell compartment was significantly enlarged. These experiments provide several lines of evidence that the FcgammaR expressed on murine B-cell precursors can influence their growth and differentiation.
Psychotic features in major depression. Is mood congruence important

We studied outcome and family history in 203 patients with psychotic depression. Patients whose psychotic features were mood-incongruent were significantly younger and had a slightly poorer outcome. Morbid risks for affective disorder and schizophrenia among relatives distinguished these mood-incongruent patients from patients with non-psychotic depression but not from patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, depressive probands with mood-congruent psychotic features resembled probands with non-psychotic depression and differed significantly from schizophrenia probands in terms of family history. While depressed patients with mood-congruent psychotic features experienced poorer short-term outcome relative to non-psychotic depressed patients, a 40-year follow-up has shown that these differences disappear over time. Moreover, these two groups are quite similar according to family history data. Both family history and short-term outcome data suggest that major depression with mood-incongruent psychotic features cannot be classified altogether with either affective disorders or schizophrenia. More definite conclusions must await the results of long-term outcome and family studies of these patients presently underway.
Magnetization scaling of single-crystal Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 below Tc.

We report magnetization M(H,T) measurements on a superconducting ${\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Sr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{CaCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{8}$ single crystal (${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$\ensuremath{\simeq}85 K) for H\ensuremath{\parallel}c, with 5 K\ensuremath{\le}T\ensuremath{\le}90 K and 5 kG\ensuremath{\le}H\ensuremath{\le}50 kG. The reversible data show a scaling behavior M(H,T)=m(H)A(T) below \ensuremath{\simeq}70 K and above the irreversibility temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{irr}}$\ensuremath{\simeq}30 K. This unexpected result shows that the upper critical field ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}2}$ is nearly independent of T over this T range, consistent with a T-independent order parameter found recently from other measurements below \ensuremath{\simeq}70 K. Unusual T dependences of the parameters \ensuremath{\kappa} and ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{c}}$ are also inferred from the data.
Introduction to Stated Preference Methods

Stated preference approaches to nonmarket valuation rely on answers to carefully worded survey questions. Those answers—in the form of monetary amounts, choices, ratings, or other indications of preference—are scaled following an appropriate model of preference to yield a measure of value. Two common, and one not so common, stated preference methods are discussed in the next three chapters.
A Spatiotemporal GIS Framework Applied to the Analysis of Changes in Temperature Patterns

This research develops a new temporal Geographic Information System (GIS) framework and applies it to compare General Circulation Model (GCM) products and reanalysis datasets in order to discern differences in patterns and locations of change as a proof of concept. The proposed framework incorporates the concept of kinematics to represent the movement of isolines as advection displacement vectors. Comparison of displacement vectors from the four datasets shows differences in isotherm shifts for both median values and interquartile ranges along with several prominent, well defined difference regions across the globe. Among the four datasets used in the study, the two reanalysis datasets have the smallest median difference in displacement vectors indicating the least spatiotemporal difference. As both reanalysis datasets are based on actual observations, this result validates the displacement vector representation. The CNRM CM3 20C3M dataset contains an Antarctic Cooling that led to most of the differences in displacement vectors against the other datasets. The research shows the effectiveness of GIS enabled displacement vectors analysis to elicit spatial differences in climate patterns among GCM data and reanalysis data. While temperature data were used in the case study, the proposed method is based on concepts applicable to other isolines of geographic variables (such as isobars or isohyets).
Probabilistic multimodeling in zero-sum differential games

A theory of existence and characterization of equilibria is developed for stochastic zero-sum differential games when the players operate under different (probabilistic) models for the underlying system and measurement processes. The authors identify salient features of such an extended formulation for zero-sum stochastic differential games with noisy measurements, and analyze the equilibria that emerge from possible inconsistent modeling. After a general discussion on the implications of subjective probabilistic modeling on saddle-point equilibria, the authors study the class of zero-sum differential games where the players have a common (noisy) measurement of the state, but different (subjective) statistics on the system measurement noise processes. The author obtains a characterization of the equilibrium solution in the presence of such a discrepancy and studies the structural consistency of the solution and its convergence to the saddle-point solution of the nominal game as the discrepancy becomes (in some norm) vanishingly small. >
Construction and operation of a 3 m × 1 m drift chamber

Abstract A description of a large area drift chamber used at LAMPF and currently in use at Fermilab is given. Chamber construction is presented, and electronics for both LAMPF and Fermilab are described. Parameters relating to both areas of operation are presented.
Vortex pair annihilation in Taylor wavy‐vortex flow

We have made precision measurements of the vortex pair size and wavy mode amplitude of vortices in wavy Taylor–Couette vortex flow. These results are compared to a model advanced by Park and Crawford to account for expulsion of vortex pairs as the Reynolds number is increased in the wavy‐vortex regime.
Synthesis and structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical characterization of benzo[c]quinolizinium and its 5-aza-, 6-aza, and 5,6-diaza analogues

Abstract Four heterocyclic salts 1a–d were prepared by Ca2+-assisted cyclization of fluoro derivatives 3, and investigated by spectroscopic (NMR and UV), electrochemical, and computational (DFT and MP2) methods. The mechanism for the formation of the cations was investigated at the DFT level of theory. 2-D NMR spectroscopy for 1[ClO4] in DMSO­d6 aided with DFT results permitted the assignment of 1H and 13C NMR signals in cations 1. The molecular and crystal structures for 1a[ClO4] [C13H10ClNO4 triclinic, P−1, a=9.6517(12) A, b=11.0470(13) A, c=12.2373(15) A, α=67.615(1)°, β=78.845(2)°, γ=87.559(2)°; V=1183.0(2) A3, Z=4] and 1d[ClO4] [C12H9ClN2O4 triclinic, P−1, a=5.9525(6) A, b=8.3141(9) A, c=12.2591(13) A, α=73.487(1)°, β=83.814(1)°, γ=83.456(1)°; V=576.07(10) A3, Z=2] were determined by X-ray crystallography and compared with results of DFT and MP2 calculations. Electrochemical analysis gave the reduction potential order (1b>1c∼1d>1a), which is consistent with computational results.
Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 106

Abstract The 1960 version of the Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 106 has been revised based on data received before June 1974. All literature containing nuclear structure data pertaining to A = 106 has been reviewed and evaluated, resulting in the use of ≈ 150 references. Nine nuclei, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, and Sn(?) are assigned as members of the mass chain.
Reaction of difluorocarbene with small bicyclic molecules

Abstract Difluorocarbene reacts with 1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo [1.1.0] butane to give the product of two bond cleavage, 1,1-difluoro-3,3,4-trimethyl-1,4-pentadiene in 3% yield. Bicyclo [2.1.0]pentane is even less reactive, yielding 1,1-difluorohexa-1,5-diene in ca. 0.5% yield. Bicyclo [3.1.0] hexane does not react with difluorocarbene. Theoretical descriptions of these reactions are discussed.
Platelet thrombopathy in asthmatic patients with elevated immunoglobulin e.

Abstract Abnormalities of second-wave platelet aggregation were demonstrated in 17 of 33 asthmatic patients in whom drug and diet intake were controlled in the hospital. Mean abnormal responses were significantly greater after epinephrine- (p 250 U/ml as compared to patients without immunologic factors and/or normal controls. Mean pollen-specific radioallergosorbent (RAST) binding was also significantly higher in patients with abnormal aggregation as compared to normal platelet responders (p = 0.02). Release of serotonin generally reflected abnormal aggregation patterns in asthmatic patients. Platelet factor 4 release was significantly decreased in the same groups of patients. These results suggest that the allergic state may affect platelet membrane responsiveness to multiple aggregating agents.
Genetics of somatic cell surface antigens. III. Further analysis of the AL marker.

The AL antigen present on the surface of various human somatic cells, and on those hybrids of human and Chinese hamster ovary cells which have retained human chromosome number 11, has been resolved into at least two separate antigenic activities, a1 and a2. Specific antisera active against each antigen separately have been prepared. By treatment of the original AL+ hybrid with mutagenic agents and selection in particular antisera, stable clones are preparable whose phenotypic behavior corresponds to the antigenic compositions a1+ a2−, a1− a2+, and a1− a2−. The adsorption behavior of these variants for specific antisera is consistent with their phenotypic assignments.
Leveraging Academic-Service Partnerships: Implications for Implementing the RWJ/IOM's Recommendations to Improve Quality, Access, and Value in Academic Medical Centers

Transformation of the current healthcare system is critical to achieve improved quality, safety, value, and access. Patients with multiple, chronic health conditions require integrated care coordination yet the current health care system is fragmented and complex. Nursing must play a key role in constructing a system that is value based and patient focused. The Robert Wood Johnson/Institute of Medicine (RWJ/IOM) report on the future of nursing outlines strategic opportunities for nursing to take a lead role in this transformation. Partnerships across academic institutions and health care systems have the potential to address issues through mutual goal setting, sharing of risks, responsibilities, and accountability, and realignment of resources. The purpose of this paper is to present Stony Brook University Medical Center's (SBUMC) academic-service partnership which implemented several of the RWJ/IOM recommendations. The partnership resulted in several initiatives that improved quality, safety, access, and value. It also characterized mutual goal setting, shared missions and values, and a united vision for health care.
Analysis of crosstalk between single-mode rectangular optical waveguides

We present an improved computation of crosstalk between single-mode rectangular optical waveguides for application to planar lightguide circuit design, and apply our analysis to several doped silica waveguide examples of practical importance. The results are compared with previous calculations of crosstalk as well as with the results obtained from a simulation (beam propagation) program.
Argon laser treatment of hemangiomas in children

Summary Argon laser photocoagulation has become the treatment of choice for vascular cutaneous lesions of the head and neck. In children under age 12 years the results have been poor in more than 50% of cases. This is the result of limited response and increased risk of hypertrophic scarring. Except for infants with complications of capillary hemangiomas of infancy we would not recommend argon laser treatment in children under the age of 12.
SIMDIS for Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Visualization of Rocket Systems.

The Navigation, Guidance, and Control (NGC) Department at Sandia National Laboratories needed a sustainable replacement for a difficult-to-maintain home-grown hardware-in-the-loop simulation visualization tool for spin-stabilized and thrust vector controlled (TVC) rocket system projects. Created and maintained by the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), SIMDIS, or Simulation analysis and Display), has the capability to display, both as a playback and in real-time, the simulation output of HWIL simulations. Although the playback of simulation data is mostly out-of-the box, real-time display required a custom plugin to be developed and several plugin data flow configurations were explored and the configuration that produced the best results found. Displaying both HWIL simulation truth data and navigational telemetry data side-by-side is possible, and by leveraging SIMDIS display capabilities such as these, the NGC Department has accelerated the flight software development, debugging, and verification and validation (V&V) processes.
Group motion graphs

We introduce Group Motion Graphs, a data-driven animation technique for groups of discrete agents, such as flocks, herds, or small crowds. Group Motion Graphs are conceptually similar to motion graphs constructed from motion-capture data, but have some important differences: we assume simulated motion; transition nodes are found by clustering group configurations from the input simulations: and clips to join transitions are explicitly constructed via constrained simulation. Graphs built this way offer known bounds on the trajectories that they generate, making it easier to search for particular output motions. The resulting animations show realistic motion at significantly reduced computational cost compared to simulation, and improved control.
Molecular mechanisms of the effect of Herpesvirus saimiri protein StpC on the signaling pathway leading to NF-κB activation

Abstract Herpesvirus saimiri (Saimiriine herpesvirus-2) causes lethal T lymphoproliferative diseases in the susceptible species and transforms T lymphocytes to continuous growth in vitro. H. saimiri-induced transformation of T cells is becoming an important experimental tool of biomedical research. Two proteins of H. saimiri subgroup C, Tip and StpC, are essential for T cell transformation by this virus. It has been shown previously that StpC transforms fibroblasts, activates NF-κB, and binds to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins, but the molecular mechanism of its action remains insufficiently understood. This study further characterized the effect of StpC on NF-κB. First, StpC activates NF-κB via the consensus pathway involving activation of I-κB kinase and subsequent phosphorylation and degradation of I-κB in both T lymphoid and epithelial cells. Second, triggering of this pathway by StpC in both T lymphoid and epithelial cells is dependent on the presence of functional NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK). Third, StpC physically interacts with TRAF in epithelial cells, and the effect of StpC on NF-κB activity in these cells requires the presence of functional TRAF. Finally the effect of StpC is completely independent of TNF-α, a well described stimulus of NF-κB activity. Moreover it appears that StpC uncouples stimulation of NF-κB activity from TNF-α stimulation. Overall these results argue that the effect of StpC on NF-κB is similar to the effects of other viral proteins, “usurping” the TRAF/NIK/I-κB kinase pathway, and reinforce the notion that the role of StpC in cell transformation by H. saimiri may be mediated by signaling that results in NF-κB activation.
Using Learning Objects to Affect Educational Outcomes

Used in a stand-alone mode or embedded in larger applications such as online e-learning courses, learning objects offer an innovative technology that can have a significant effect on student learning outcomes.
Geographic Variation in Cranial Morphology of Short-beaked Common Dolphins (Delphinus delphis) from the North Atlantic

As part of an examination of the population structure of short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in the North Atlantic, I tested if there were systematic differences in cranial morphology, in relation to geographic location, for common dolphins both within the western North Atlantic (wNA; n = 141) and between the wNA and eastern North Atlantic (eNA; n = 106). Cranial specimens from the wNA were obtained between Nova Scotia, Canada, and Florida. Those from the eNA came from the Irish Sea and the coasts of Ireland and the United Kingdom. A Wilks' λ canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was performed on the within-groups covariance matrix to test whether significant differences in group centroids (multivariate means) existed between putative population units separately for males and females. In addition, the CDA was used to reclassify each dolphin into a geographic group based on the discriminant function. The CDA of 35 cranial variables found no evidence (males: Wilks' λ = 0.603, P = 0.286; females: Wilks' λ = 0.145, P = 0.08) of population structure below the species level within the wNA. Thus, the 1-population model for this region was supported. CDAs revealed significant differences between the eNA and wNA for both males and females (males: Wilks' λ = 0.371, P < 0.0001; females: Wilks' λ = 0.260, P < 0.0001). Cross-validated reclassification rates for males were 78.8% (eNA) and 87.6% (wNA) and for females were 90.6% (eNA) and 81.4% (wNA). Measurements associated with the rostrum were important discriminating variables that might reflect differences in feeding habits between these areas.
Warning and response in two hazardous materials transportation accidents in the U.S.

Abstract Warning system effectiveness is critically important in selecting an appropriate emergency warning system to alert to public to potential danger. This
The Infertility Resilience Model: Assessing Individual, Couple, and External Predictive Factors

Resilience in couples experiencing infertility is critical to decrease the impact of infertility-related stress and sustain positive interactions and collective perceptions in couples. The Infertility Resilience Model (IRM) presented in this article provides a framework within which various individual, couple, and external factors that influence resilience can be understood. Although numerous approaches have been applied to infertility, few of them have examined resilience and the interconnections between individual, couple, and external influences. The concepts and connections within the model can be used by clinicians for assessment and interventions when working with couples facing infertility.