cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Self-perceptions of interpersonal and sexual functioning in women with mood disorders: a preliminary report.

Women with mood disorders are faced with the complex interpersonal issues that confront all women, as well as the potential disruption in their interpersonal functioning related to the nature of their disorder and the medical treatment required. The purposes of this study were to describe the self-perceptions of 34 women being treated medically for mood disorders regarding (a) their interpersonal and sexual functioning, (b) the causal explanations for perceived disruptions in interpersonal and sexual functioning, and (c) the effect their mood disorder has had on their functioning in these areas. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct the in-depth interviews. Results indicated that 76.5% (n = 26) of the women perceived that they were experiencing interpersonal disruption, and 55.9% (n = 19) perceived that they were experiencing sexual disruption at the time of the interviews. Moreover, 88.2 % (n = 30) reported that their mood disorder had an effect on their interpersonal relationships, and 79.4% (n...
Analysis of Gravity Anomaly Over Coral-Reef Oil Field: Wilfred Pool, Sullivan County, Indiana

To compare the measured and theoretical gravity anomaly of a typical coral-reef oil field, data were collected from the Wilfred pool, Sullivan County, Indiana. Densities of available core samples from the field were determined and the anomaly was calculated, taking into account the lateral and vertical variation of density and the geologic structure known from core studies and drilling-log records of lithologic types penetrated by the wells. Comparison of the theoretical and actual anomalies indicated a rough correspondence except for several sharp negative anomalies on the flanks of the measured gravity anomaly. Further studies indicated that the negative anomalies are possibly due to fluvial erosion that produced, on the surface of the youngest Pennsylvanian sediments, channels which were later filled with glacial till of lower density than the sediments.
An Adaptive Method for Region of Interest Identification in Images

This paper presents an automatic region of interest (ROI) generation algorithm for images, where the information provided by the wavelets decomposition is re-used to automatically cluster pixels according to their energy values. The clusters are found using the K-means algorithm and then classified as belonging to the ROI depending of their entropy. Results show the benefits of the algorithm.
Angle diversity test using a single aperture dual beam antenna

Performance data for a single-aperture dual-beam antenna operating with a 6 GHz, 135 Mb/s 64-QAM digital microwave system is presented. The test covers six months of operation during which over 900000 seconds of clear-air fading greater than 10 dB was recorded. The test configuration is such that performance of an angle-diversity receiver, space-diversity receiver, and an unprotected receiver are measured simultaneously during the fading events. Based on the test results, it is concluded that angle diversity shows great promise for paths with a history of propagation problems, and locations where space diversity is impractical. >
Differentiating Data Security and Network Security

Data security, since antiquity, relies on cryptography. Cryptography is as good as the inability of a person or a computing machine to "break" the generated cipher code. It has been demonstrated that this inability is temporary because some strong cryptographic methods that were believed to be unbreakable have been broken. Thus, as cryptography is seeking new and more difficult cryptographic venues, cryptoanalysts become increasingly sophisticated in breaking codes. However, both ciphertext and secret keys are transported over the communications network from where, with proper means, they can be harvested for analysis, and furthermore to impersonate a source, or cause service denial. Thus, in addition to hard ciphers for data encryption and sophisticated distribution methods, the network itself needs to be attack-hard and attack-smart. That is, the network should have appropriate mechanisms that monitor and detect attacks, intelligence that discriminates between degradations/failures and attacks, and also protocols for robust countermeasure strategies to outsmart the attacker. Thus, although "data security" deals with ciphering client-originating payload, "network security" deals with the secure transport of data. Because the latter is a relatively new topic, it requires more insight and particularly a thorough understanding of fault/degradation mechanisms and attack scenarios and how they distinguished. In this paper we outline data security and differentiate from network security. Additionally, we describe a method for detecting the channel signature and how it is used to discriminate between degradation/failure and attacks and thus enhance network security. Moreover, we describe a method for attack detection and countermeasure strategies.
Rarity in antpittas: territory size and population density of five Grallaria spp. in a regenerating habitat mosaic in the Andes of Colombia

Between 1995 and 2000, we made a comparative study of ranging patterns of individuals of five sympatric species of antpitta Grallaria spp. that differ in body size and extent of geographical range. Grallaria milleri is restricted to a small area in the central Andes of Colombia, G. rufocinerea is endemic to the Central Cordillera, and G. ruficapilla, G. nuchalis and G. squamigera are widely distributed in the tropical Andes. Using mist-nets, we captured and banded 76 individuals of the five species during the five year study period. We also radio-tracked six individuals for periods of 30-60 days, to obtain estimates of territory sizes. Recapture patterns revealed that antpittas exhibited high site fidelity, remaining in the same patch for documented periods of up to 34 months. However, some individuals were captured only once, and were probably transient through the area. Territory sizes estimated were 0.5-5.4 ha for G. milleri (n = 7), 1.4 and 1.5 ha for G. rufocinerea (n = 2), 1.9 ha for G. ruficapilla (n = 1), 9.3 ha for G. nuchalis (n = 1) and 2 and 4.5 ha for G. squamigera (n = 2). We compared these data with territory estimates of other Neotropical Formicariids. Our results indicated that antpittas had relatively small territories, and had population densities higher than assumed previously for these secretive birds of the forest understorey.
Risky Business Risk Behaviors in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to review risk behaviors and their health consequences in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The existing literature on common risk behaviors in adolescents is ...
Prophylactic Treatment of Pediatric Migraine

Background.—Migraine occurs in 3% to 5% of young children and up to 18% of adolescents. Management requires a tailored regimen of pharmacological and behavioral measures that consider the headache burden and disability. Patients with frequent or disabling attacks (or both) may warrant preventive agents. Objective.—To investigate the patterns of prophylactic treatment of pediatric migraine within one pediatric neurology practice. Methods.—All charts of patients diagnosed with headache (International Classification of Diseases [ICD] code 784.0) and migraine (codes 346.0, 346.1, and 346.2) during January 2001 July 2001 were retrospectively reviewed to identify diagnosis, demographics, medical decision making, rationale for treatment selections, and outcome assessments. Migraine was diagnosed according to the 1997 proposed pediatric migraine revisions to the International Headache Society. Results.—Charts of 250 children and adolescents, aged 3.2 to 18 years (mean, 12), were reviewed. One hundred twenty-six (50%) were prescribed prophylaxis, along with intermittent analgesic agents. Mean age of those provided with daily prophylaxis was 12.4 years (range, 3.9 to 18), and the mean age of those managed with intermittent therapies was 11.5 years. Preventive agents included amitriptyline (n = 73), cyproheptadine (n = 30), propranolol (n = 8), valproic acid (n = 3), naproxen (n = 3), nimodipine (n = 3), imipramine (n = 3), and topiramate (n = 3). Amitriptyline was the most commonly prescribed agent (58%). Ten patients initially treated with other agents were changed to amitriptyline. Fifteen patients required dosing adjustments, 2 stopped treatment, and 7 changed to other agents for lack of efficacy. Mean headache frequency before treatment was 10.9 per month (range, 4 to 15). After treatment, the mean headache frequency decreased to 4.1 per month (range, 0 to 12), a decrease of 62.4% (n = 54). The overall positive response rate was 89%. Cyproheptadine was the second most commonly prescribed agent (mean age, 8.8 years). Thirty patients were initially treated, 5 later changed to cyproheptadine, 6 required dosage changes, 5 changed to other agents for lack of efficacy, and 1 stopped treatment. Mean headache frequency before treatment was 8.4 per month (range, 4 to 15) and following treatment decreased to 3.75 per month (range, 0 to 12), a decrease of 55.3%. The overall positive response rate was 83%. Conclusions.—Fifty percent of patients with migraine were prescribed daily prophylactic medicines, reflecting a referral bias. The most commonly prescribed agents were amitriptyline (preferred for the older patients) and cyproheptadine (preferred for the younger patients). The overall positive response rates were 89% for amitriptyline and 83% for cyproheptadine during a 6-month follow-up. Headache frequencies were reduced with amitriptyline by 62% and with cyproheptadine by 55%. Long-term follow-up of this population is ongoing, and prospective studies are needed.
Changes in genital injury patterns over time in women after consensual intercourse

To date, there are no studies in the literature addressing whether or not microscopic genital injuries change over time or change in appearance during the 72 h time period following intercourse. In this study, women (n=35) had two evidentiary type pelvic examinations to document injuries after consensual intercourse. At Time 1 (within 48 h of consensual intercourse) a: larger total surface area of injury (p=0.02); larger surface area of injury to the posterior fourchette (p=0.02); larger surface area of abrasions (p=0.04); and larger surface area of redness (p=0.04) were found compared to Time 2 (24 h after Time 1). Since this research is exploratory, larger studies are needed to explore the differences in genital injuries based on the time of examination and in women after non-consensual intercourse.
The Isolation of Furfuryl Alcohol from Heated Skimmilk

Summary A method for removing and purifying the ethyl ether-soluble substances of heated skimmilk is presented. Using this method in combination with a vacuum distillation technique, it was possible to isolate furfuryl alcohol in a fairly high state of purity from heated skimmilk. Confirmatory evidence of the presence of furfuryl alcohol is given by the results of qualitative tests and the preparation of suitable derivatives. The control experiment demonstrated that furfuryl alcohol is a compound generated in milk by heat and is not a normal constituent of unheated milk. Although the significance of furfuryl alcohol as an end product of the heat induced chemical reactions in skimmilk is not entirely evident at this time, the knowledge of its presence promises to be valuable in further clarifying the nature of browning and caramelized flavor development in milk and milk products.
Characterization of the IgA1 protease from the Brazilian purpuric fever strain F3031 of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius

Brazilian purpuric fever is a severe vascular disease caused by an invasive clone of Haemophilus influenzae biogroup aegyptius, which normally causes self-limiting eye infections. A previous genome subtraction procedure resulted in the isolation of a DNA fragment, which encodes a putative IgA1 protease, specific to the F3031 Brazilian purpuric fever type strain. Cloning and sequencing of the entire F3031 iga1 gene showed that the subtracted DNA fragment encompasses the iga1 region encoding the active site and the cleavage specificity determinant of the protein, which are different from the cognate regions of the proteases produced by other H. influenzae strains. Western and IgA cleavage assays together with clustering analysis showed that the F3031 IgA1 protease is most similar to the type 2 proteases produced by H. influenzae type c and e strains. Analysis of the promoter region of the F3031 iga1 gene revealed the presence of Fur binding sites. However, real-time PCR analysis and transcriptional fusion assays showed that the expression of iga1 is not regulated by iron or hemin under the conditions tested.
A survey of digital phase-locked loops

The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic survey of the theoretical/experimental work accomplished in the area of digital phase-locked loops (DPLL's) during the period of 1960 to 1980. The DPLL represents the heart of the Building blocks required in the implementation of coherent (all digital) communications and tracking receivers. This survey is particularly motivated by the fact that microprocessor technology is advancing rapidly to the extent that sophisticated and flexible signal processing algorithms for communications and control can be realized in the digital domain. In fact, it is anticipated that the use of this signal processing technology will continue to expand rapidly in the development of advanced communications and tracking receivers, e.g., all digital modems. Consequently, one major purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a survey and an overview of the theoretical and experimental work accomplished to date, thereby offering speedy access to the techniques and hardware developments which have been presented in a scattered literature. In addition, the authors feel that a tutorial article revealing the various theories, their relationships to one another, their shortcomings, their advantages and the assumptions on which each is based, would be of tremendous value to the engineer trying to decide what particular analysis procedure is applicable to his peculiar problem. Consequently, a byproduct of this presentation will be to point out unsolved problems of practical interest. A broad class of digital modulation techniques, viz. I-Q modulations and demodulation, are studied in a rather general way.
Carotid artery aneurysm: Evolution of management over two decades

Introduction Extracranial carotid artery aneurysm (CCA), although uncommon, represents a challenge to treatment strategy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the treatment evolution and clinical outcome of all patients with CCA over a two decade period. Methods Clinical data of all patients diagnosed with CCA who underwent interventions from 1984 to 2004 were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I (1985-1994) and group II (1995-2004) were compared with regards to clinical presentation, treatment modality, and clinical outcome. Results A total of 42 cases of CCA were found during the study period (group I, n=22; group II, n=20). Pulsatile neck mass was the most common presenting symptom (n=39, 93%), followed by neurological symptoms (n=6, 14%). Twenty two (52%) were atherosclerotic aneurysms, fifteen (36%) false aneurysms, and five (12%) posttraumatic aneurysms. Both groups shared similar comorbidities and demographic profiles. All patients in group I underwent operative interventions, which included 12 resection with interposition bypass grafting (55%), six resection with patch angioplasty (27%), and four carotid ligation (18%). In group II, five patients underwent resection with interposition placement (25%) and one carotid ligation (5%). The remaining 14 patients underwent endovascular interventions (70%) which included seven stent-graft exclusions, six carotid stenting with coil exclusions, and one endovascular occlusion. Hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in group II than group I (3.5 vs. 9.4 days, p Conclusions Treatment modality of CCA has largely evolved from operative to endovascular intervention at our institution. Treatment benefits of endovascular modality include shorter convalescent and less procedural-related complications. This evolution reflects the improvement of endovascular devices and increased utility of endovascular applications.
Superstition and Economic Threat: Germany, 1918-1940

Economic threat predicted the level of superstition in Germany for the tumultuous years 1918 to 1940. Indexes of superstition were the number of articles on astrology, mysticism, and cults appearing in a German periodical index. Threat was measured by levels of real wages, unemployment, and industrial production. The economic threat variables significantly predicted level of superstition in two of the three superstition indexes. Experimental and naturalistic evidence concerning situational determinants of superstition are reviewed. These results support Fromm's (1941/1965) thesis that threat produces authoritarianism and corroborate Sales's (1973) investigation of U.S. archival data.
Smallholder Agricultural Expansion in La Amistad Biosphere Reserve: Perceived vs. Real Impacts of Cacao and Cattle

Agricultural expansion by smallholder producers has been identified by management agencies as one of the main threats to the eco- logical integrity of La Amistad Biosphere Reserve, in Panama and Costa Rica. Promotion of cacao agroforestry has been proposed as a way to re- duce the need for farmers to clear new land within the reserve. In order to realize this goal, the larger cultural, economic, and political forces that motivate agricultural expansion need to be examined, looking beyond the smallholder practices that are the immediately apparent causes of ecological degradation. The four main assumptions behind the proposal to promote smallholder cacao production in the buffer zone are ex- plored: (1) cacao agroforestry is an ecologically benign agricultural sys- tem; (2) if cacao production were more financially viable, ecologically degrading activities, such as cattle grazing, would decrease; (3) migrants from other areas are primarily responsible for clearing land on the east- ern side of the park; and (4) direct intervention at the smallholder level is the most effective means of preventing agricultural expansion. Our anal-
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF MOLE CRABS (HIPPIDAE: EMERITA)

Mole crabs of the genus Emerita (Family Hippidae) inhabit many of the temperate and tropical sandy beaches of the world. The nine described species of this genus are rarely sympatric, and most are endemic to broad biogeographic regions. The phylogenetic relationships among the species have not yet been investigated. Based on presumed morphological synapomorphies, it has been suggested that the species inhabiting the New World constitute a monophyletic group, as do the species inhabiting the Old World. The relationships within the New World species were previously studied using sequence data from Cytochrome Oxidase I and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes; the results strongly suggested that one of the species, Emerita analoga, was very divergent from the other taxa examined. This observation prompted uncertainty about monophyly of the New World species. The goal of the present study was to elucidate the relationships among the species within the genus Emerita. Partial sequences for the mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA genes for all nine species of the genus (and several outgroups) were examined. Phylogenetic analyses suggest thatE.analoga is closer to the Old World taxa than to the other New World species; thus the New World Emerita species do not constitute a monophyletic group.
Evolution of segmented strings

I explain how to evolve segmented strings in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spaces of any dimension in terms of forward-directed null displacements. The evolution is described entirely in terms of discrete hops which do not require a continuum spacetime. Moreover, the evolution rule is purely algebraic, so it can be defined not only on ordinary real de Sitter and anti-de Sitter, but also on the rational points of the quadratic equations that define these spaces. For three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, a simpler evolution rule is possible that descends from the Wess-Zumino-Witten equations of motion. In this case, one may replace three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space by a non-compact discrete subgroup of SL(2,R) whose structure is related to the Pell equation. A discrete version of the BTZ black hole can be constructed as a quotient of this subgroup. This discrete black hole avoids the firewall paradox by a curious mechanism: even for large black holes, there are no points inside the horizon until one reaches the singularity.
CANN They? International Internet Governance and the ICANN Case

The Internet is a component of global telecommunications infrastructure that has proven especially significant, far-reaching, and often challenging for traditional market economics and geopolitics. In particular, the nature and functionality of the Internet has inhibited its integration into existing institutions and the global hegemony of communication policy. Consequently, new efforts and models have arisen to address this mis-alignment, creating a new landscape of governance that is decentralized and reactionary. This paper conducts a critical examination of international internet governance, focusing specifically on the Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) in efforts to understand its role and implications for the internet, geopolitics, and international telecommunications regulation. Unlike prior studies, this research focuses specifically on the organizational and inter-organizational structure of ICANN to understand the networked model of governance in this context, identify noteworthy stakeholders, parse strategies, objectives, and outcome discrepancies that may exist.
In-Situ X-ray Scattering Study of Continuous Silica−Surfactant Self-Assembly during Steady-State Dip Coating

Inorganic mesoporous thin-films are important for applications such as membranes, sensors, low-dielectricconstant insulators (so-called low dielectrics), and fluidic devices. Over the past five years, several research groups have demonstrated the efficacy of using evaporation accompanying conventional coating operations such as spin- and dip-coating as an efficient means of driving the self-assembly of homogeneous solutions into highly ordered, oriented, mesostructured films. Understanding such evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) processes is of interest for both fundamental and technological reasons. Here, we use spatially resolved 2D grazing incidence X-ray scattering in combination with optical interferometry during steady-state dipcoating of surfactant-templated silica thin-films to structurally and compositionally characterize the EISA process. We report the evolution of a hexagonal (p6 mm) thin-film mesophase from a homogeneous precursor solution and its further structural development during drying and calcination. Monte Carlo simulations of water/ethanol/surfactant bulk phase behavior are used to investigate the role of ethanol in the self-assembly process, and we propose a mechanism to explain the observed dilation in unit cell dimensions during solvent evaporation.
An abstract theorem in nonlinear analysis and two applications

Abstract We prove abstract multiplicity theorems for a class of nonlinear equations on the Hilbert space L 2 ( Ω ) . Then we use these theorems to deduce new results for two different types of nonlinear boundary value problems.
Measured Matters: The Use of 'Big Data' in Employee Benefits

Since “big data” is changing so many aspects of the business world, how is it affecting the way health and retirement benefits are provided to private-sector workers? This paper summarizes the presentations and discussion at the Dec. 11, 2014, EBRI policy forum held in Washington, DC, on the topic, “Measured Matters: The Use of ‘Big Data’ in Employee Benefits:” the use of massive amounts of data and computer-driven data analytics to determine how people behave when it comes to health and retirement plans, which programs work or do not, and how to get better results at lower cost. EBRI’s 75th biannual policy forum last December delved into both the status and promise of this trend before an audience of about a hundred benefits professionals and policymakers. Two panels of experts -- one focusing on health and the other on retirement -- provided an overview of what employers, researchers, and data analysts are currently doing, what they hope to be doing, and what seems to be working so far. Speakers included employers, research and analytic experts, health and retirement plan executives, and consultants. Among the broad areas of agreement: Employers and researchers are making a major commitment to capturing and analyzing the vast amount of health and retirement data in their benefit plans; the health sector is considerably farther down the road than the retirement sector in using data analytics in benefits plan design and management, but both fields are in the very early stages of using big data; many workers are already seeing the results of this trend, such as the rapidly growing use of electronic medical records and their ability to access their own health records online; the science of applied mathematics seems destined to dominate the art of employee benefits.
Dam Threatens Mekong Ecology

The News of the Week story “Megadam gets green light” (9 November, p. [726][1]) seems to provide strong support for the cautionary Letter by B. Gong et al. (“Limits to religious conservation efforts,” 9 November, p. [1740][2]) arguing that while Buddhism may be a powerful resource for conservation, it cannot replace strong environmental governance and policy. The Xayaburi Dam is a very bad idea and clearly represents a massive threat to the ecology of the Mekong River and its people. Yet it proceeds with the support of at least two predominantly Buddhist countries, Laos and Thailand, where protests by Buddhist citizens have gone unheeded ([ 1 ][3]). The environmental governance and policy offered by Laos and Thailand to support the dam is especially dangerous in that it sets a bad precedent that will most certainly affect the construction of at least 11 additional dams planned for the Mekong River ([ 2 ][4]). The decision to build the dam is based on a seriously flawed environmental impact assessment ([ 3 ][5]) and totally ignores an earlier agreement in 2011 ([ 4 ][6]) with Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam that would extend the decision-making process until major gaps in the current knowledge about the environmental and social impacts of the Xayaburi Dam are reconciled. When those knowledge gaps are filled with factual information, it will be abundantly clear that the Xayaburi dam should not be built. ![Figure][7] Mekong River. CREDIT: AP PHOTO/INTERNATIONAL RIVERS, PIAPORN DEETES 1. [↵][8] “Thai government supports Xayaburi Dam,” Bangkok Post, 11 June 2012. 2. [↵][9] 1. M. Osborne , Asia Pacific J. (11 January 2010); [www.japanfocus.org/-Milton-Osborne/3286][10]. 3. [↵][11] 1. G. R. Lanza , “Review of the Ch. Karnchang public company limited environmental impact assessment (EIA) report to the Mekong River Commission” (International Rivers, Berkeley, CA, 2011); [www.internationalrivers.org/files/attached-files/lanza\_water\_quality_final.pdf][12]. 4. [↵][13] Mekong River Commission, “Lower Mekong countries take prior consultation on Xayaburi project to ministerial level” (2011); [www.mrcmekong.org/news-and-events/news/lower-mekong-countries-take-prior-consultation-on-xayaburi-project-to-ministerial-level/][14]. [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.338.6108.726-b [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/338/6114/1740.1.full [3]: #ref-1 [4]: #ref-2 [5]: #ref-3 [6]: #ref-4 [7]: pending:yes [8]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text" [9]: #xref-ref-2-1 "View reference 2 in text" [10]: http://www.japanfocus.org/-Milton-Osborne/3286 [11]: #xref-ref-3-1 "View reference 3 in text" [12]: http://www.internationalrivers.org/files/attached-files/lanza_water_quality_final.pdf [13]: #xref-ref-4-1 "View reference 4 in text" [14]: http://www.mrcmekong.org/news-and-events/news/lower-mekong-countries-take-prior-consultation-on-xayaburi-project-to-ministerial-level/
Atomically Precise Graphene Nanoribbon Heterojunctions for Excitonic Solar Cells

By mixing pure precursor monomers and nitrogen-doped equivalents, atomically sharp wiggle-edged heterojunctions can be obtained via the combined action of Ullmann coupling followed by cyclodehydrogenation [Cai et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 2014, 9, 896]. We used first-principles density functional theory and the many-body GW approach to establish the role of doping (boron and nitrogen) in a variety of graphene nanowiggles displaying a range of band gaps. The substitution of C atoms located at the edges of the structures does not significantly affect the magnitude of the band gaps, but leads to their relative upshift or downshift depending on the dopant. This shift is found to vary quasi-linearly as the concentration of dopant increases. Consequently, tunable type-II staggered band alignments are formed in graphene nanowiggle heterojunctions. We predict that these type-II heterojunctions can provide ultrathin solar cells with power conversion efficiencies up to 22.0%.
African American parents' racial and emotion socialization profiles and young adults' emotional adaptation.

The current study aimed to identify parents’ profiles of racial and emotion socialization practices, to determine if these profiles vary as a function of family income and young adult child gender, and to examine their links with young adults’ emotional adaptation. Participants included 192 African American young adults (70% women) who ranged in age from 18 to 24 years (M = 19.44 years). Four maternal profiles emerged: cultural-supportive (high cultural socialization and supportive responses to children’s negative emotions), moderate bias preparation (moderate preparation for bias, promotion of mistrust, and nonsupportive responses to negative emotions), high bias preparation (high preparation for bias, promotion of mistrust, and nonsupportive responses), and low engaged (low across racial and socialization constructs). Three paternal profiles emerged: multifaceted (moderate across racial and emotion socialization constructs), high bias preparation, and low engaged. Men were more likely to have mothers in the high bias preparation and to have fathers in the multifaceted or high bias preparation profiles. Individuals with higher income were more likely to have mothers in the cultural-supportive profile and to have fathers in the multifaceted profile. Young adults whose mothers fit the cultural-supportive profile or the moderate bias preparation profile had lower levels of depressive symptoms than young adults whose mothers fit the high bias preparation profile.
The pharmacy computer system at the New England Medical Center.

The pharmacy computer system developed and implemented at the New England Medical Center (NEMC) is described. The system was developed to improve the department's fiscal performance and operations. It operates on NEMC's large mainframe system and has the following components-order entry, unit dose/patient profile, i.v. admixture, and financial/management. The system was designed to interface with the admissions and census system and use the pharmacy department's drug data file. It accepts medication orders from pharmacy satellites and then processes the orders according to the requirements for the i.v. admixture or unit dose procedures. Financial data are collected as a routine part of all medication order processing. The system allows for the entry of multiple medication orders on one cathode ray tube (CRT) screen, thus facilitating order entry. The use of programmed system defaults is described. Order entry, dose selection, and patient profiles are displayed on a CRT. An active order list is printed once daily at midnight to serve as a back-up for the system. The computer system has had a positive impact on the department's operational, clinical, and management functions. Future enhancements of the NEMC system are discussed.
Evaluation of minoxidil

The chemistry, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, clinical studies, adverse effects, toxicology, indications, contraindications, drug interactions, and dosing of minoxidil, a recently approved antihypertensive agent, are reviewed. Minoxidil is an orally effective vasodilator that selectively relaxes peripheral arteriolar smooth muscle, Reflex tachycardia, renin stimulation, and sodium retention occur when minoxidil is used and so it requires the concomitant use of a diuretic and a sympathoplegic agent, usually a beta blocker. Hirsutism and pericardial effusions are additional adverse effects. Minoxidil is indicated in the management of severe hypertension in patients who do not respond to standard antihypertensive agents. In controlled and unctrolled studies, minoxidil was effective in patients with hypertension secondary to renal or renovascular disease and in patients with essential hypertension. Minoxidil is a potent antihypertensive agent with adverse effects that limit its use to patients resistant or intolerant to other drugs.
Development of a Portable Near Infrared Camera for Early Detection of Diabetic Ulcers

Venous blood accumulation, or high levels of deoxygenated blood within a tissue, can indicate poor blood circulation and increased risk of ulceration. This condition is associated with Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease, or diabetic foot ulceration, which is classified as the most common cause for lower extremity amputation in the modern, industrialized world. Neuropathy, associated with lack of protective sensation allows patient to apply repetitive stress leading to the formation of ulcers without their knowledge. Regular inspection of the afflicted area by a physician is the best prevention method for this condition. This process requires increased scrutiny by physicians and more frequent visits by the patients. To simplify and reduce the costs of the process of examination, a low cost system for skin self-monitoring by patients was developed. A near infrared camera was built utilizing a Raspberry Pi 2.0 System in conjunction with optical filters, and image analysis tools to detect venous blood in tissues using differences in optical spectra of oxygenated versus deoxygenated blood in the near infrared (NIR) region. Tests to optimize the best wavelength of light and the best imaging conditions are being conducted to determine the optimal settings for the device. Image analysis will be used to more accurately measure the amounts of inflammation. Further development also includes the development of an interface to allow for data sharing between patients and physicians of the images and the results.
Physiologic, biochemical, and coronary adaptation to exercise conditioning.

Although more studies need to be done, particularly using sensitive nuclear techniques in humans, the data available demonstrate that conditioning has multiple salutary effects on the heart and suggest that exercise training may be an important adjuvant therapy for a variety of clinical disorders
WEAK INTERACTIONS OF PIONS AND MUONS.

Let me begin with a brief summary of the present status of weak interaction theory. The basic interaction is described in terms of charged currents $${{H}_{W}}=\frac{G}{\sqrt{2}}{{g}_{\lambda }}{{g}_{\lambda }}^{+}$$ (1) $${{g}_{\lambda }}={{\overline{v}}_{\mu }}{{\gamma }_{\lambda }}\left( 1+{{\gamma }_{5}} \right)\mu +\overline{{{v}_{e}}}{{\gamma }_{\lambda }}\left( 1+{{\gamma }_{5}} \right)e+{{J}_{\lambda }}$$ (2) where J is the hadronic current assumed to be of the Cabibbo form $${{J}_{\lambda }}=\cos \theta \left( {{J}_{\lambda }}^{1}+i{{J}_{\lambda }}^{2} \right)+\sin \theta \left( {{J}_{\lambda }}^{4}+i{{J}_{\lambda }}^{5} \right)$$ (3) where the superscripts define components of an SU3 octet. Here we will be interested only in the strangeness-conserving current cosθ(Jλ 1 + iJλ 2) where 1,2 are isospin indices. Beyond the assumed isovector property we desire to specify the hadronic current as com-pletely as possible. This is much harder than in the case of the leptonic current (the first two terms of Eq.(2)) because we do not know what elementary particles to use to describe the current. A standard assumption is that this current has the basic properties described by the quark representation $$\cos \theta \left( {{J}_{\lambda }}^{1}+i{{J}_{\lambda }}^{2} \right)\equiv {{V}_{\lambda }}+{{A}_{\lambda }}\propto \overline{p}{{\gamma }_{\lambda }}\left( 1+{{\gamma }_{5}} \right)n$$ (4) where p,n are the field operators of the quarks. Unfortunately, this leads to very few conclusions without a knowledge of the strong interactions of quarks.
Evolving to Personalized Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is an expensive public health problem threatening society at many levels. Despite many advances in classification of diabetes, we're still in early stages of developing an etio-pathologic ontology of diabetes. Recognizing the various biologic and social determinants of disease outcomes, precision medicine applies to medical interventions as well as psychosocial measures, nutrition, and exercise that may also affect individuals differently. Using this highly personalized approach, one hopes to achieve cost-effective care. The striking evolution in generating "Big Data," Biomarker Fingerprints, and the Internet of Things will force all clinicians to be familiar with the terminology and understand the clinical relevance.
Time reversal beamforming of guided waves in pipes with a single defect

Structural health monitoring of buried pipelines is an important application for aging infrastructures. Ultrasonic guided wave inspection is an attractive tool, due to the long propagation of guided waves in the wall of a hollow cylinder. However, guided waves present a unique environment with heavily multi-modal signal propagation and complex dispersion (frequency-dependent propagation speeds). In order to alleviate these challenges, conventional techniques rely on high-voltage excitation with complex transducer arrays, but these systems are not conducive to a monitoring solution. Instead, they require periodic excavation and testing. In prior work, we have shown that Time Reversal allows for reliable detection with relatively simple antenna arrays that can be operated in low-power. This paper focuses on localization of these defects. We utilize a beamforming approach that makes use of theoretical dispersion curves to generate fault images. We show through simulations that Time Reversal Beamforming achieves high-resolution localization of a fault in the presence of strong dispersion and heavily multi-modal propagation.
Abstract 2149: Unusual expression of HPRT on the surface of the colorectal cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, affecting nearly 1.2 million people in the United States alone. The aim of this study is to investigate the salvage pathway enzyme HPRT as a possible biomarker in two colorectal cancer cell lines: HT29 and SW620. HPRT is a transferase in the purine salvage pathway that functions primarily by catalyzing the conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate. Because of its role in proliferation and cell cycle regulation, we hypothesized an increase in HPRT expression within cancer cells, which could potentially lead to presentation on the surface of the cell. HPRT surface localization was assessed utilizing confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy. These techniques allowed us to visualize HPRT on the plasma membrane and quantify expression. There was statistically significant expression of HPRT on the surface of both HT29 and SW620 cells with a 28% and 58% fluorescent shift in the population, respectively. Confocal microscopy images revealed overlap between cells stained with a membrane dye and anti-HPRT FITC antibody, which indicates a direct relationship between HPRT and the plasma membrane of SW620 cells. To visualize the location of HPRT on the plasma membrane, anti-HPRT antibodies were labelled with gold and protein presence was quantified using an electron microscope, which measured the gold elemental weight percentage of each sample. When exposed to anti-HPRT antibody, the gold weight percentage of the samples significantly increased with 12.4% gold in SW620 cells and 11.2% gold in HT29 cells, indicating significant HPRT surface presence. The observed localization of HPRT to the plasma membrane was variable between the two different cancer cell lines. SW620 cells, which are faster growing and more aggressive, had significantly higher HPRT presentation that HT29 cells. These data collectively suggest that HPRT may be a possible biomarker target for the identification and possible treatment of colorectal cancer cells. Citation Format: Evita G. Weagel, Michelle H. Townsend, Michael D. Anderson, Edwin J. Velazquez, K Scott Weber, Richard A. Robison, Kim L. O9Neill. Unusual expression of HPRT on the surface of the colorectal cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2149. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2149
Planetary gentrification, by Loretta Lees, Hyun Bang Shin, and Ernesto Lopez-Morales

Readers may ask, do we really need another book-length study of gentrification? Planetary Gentrification may or may not yield a satisfying answer, but its intellectual proportions are heroic in the...
High-Intensity Variable Stepping Training in Patients With Motor Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series.

Background and Purpose:Previous data suggest that large amounts of high-intensity stepping training in variable contexts (tasks and environments) may improve locomotor function, aerobic capacity, and treadmill gait kinematics in individuals poststroke. Whether similar training strategies are tolerat
Spatial and spectral mapping of optical scattering phase function, p(θ,φ; x,y,λ), from layered tissues (Conference Presentation)

Optical scattering properties in tissue are diagnostic markers, ingredients to increasingly sophisticated models, and undergird many optical imaging modalities. Advances in all these areas hinge on obtaining high fidelity scattering measurements. A new optical scattering goniometry method is discussed which measures scattering into 4π sr from small (~100um) tissue regions in flat-mounted samples. This novel tissue scattering gonoimeter images the back focal plane of two opposing microscope objectives to collect light in the forward and backward direction and has several key advantages: (1) scanning the incident angle allows measurement of scattering over 4π steradians to determine the complete scattering phase function of tissue, (2) specificity of measuring scattering from small ~50um regions combined with obliquely sectioned tissue allows mapping of layered tissue, (3) spectral characterization through tuning illumination wavelength, (4) concurrent measurement of scattering coefficient. This opens up the prospect of a new level of detail in the characterization of optical scattering from tissue, including distinguishing properties of thin layers. A tissue system of particular interest and an excellent candidate on which to apply this new goniometry method is the retina. Existing measurements are limited to bulk retina properties or inferred from methodologies that do not have access to transmitted scattering. Scattering coefficient and anisotropy measurements are presented for the various retinal layers. These novel measurements may be used to model light transport and scattering in the retina. Examples of modeling imaging modalities based on scattered light are discussed.
Response to critiques and new research questions

I would like to start this response essay by expressing my deep thanks to the three reviewers for their excellent comments and critiques. As I discuss below, their contributions not only drive me t...
Kinetic Imagery in Movement Psychotherapy

In 1974 I coined the term “movement psychotherapy” to refer to a form of therapy that integrates movement, imagery, and verbalization through a single unified process and where the practitioner is formally trained as a dance-movement therapist as well as a psychotherapist (Dosamantes-Alperson, 1974, 1976, 1980a), Because the type of movement psychotherapy I practice is closely related to Gendlin’s experiential philosophy and theory, it is referred to as “Experiential Movement Psychotherapy” (Gendlin, 1973).
Lines and Planes

Calculus III usually starts with a unit on lines and planes in R 3. Let’s work two standard problems from such a unit.
Combination spray washes of saponin with water or acetic acid to reduce aerobic and pathogenic bacteria on lean beef surfaces.

Saponins are naturally occurring compounds known as triterpenoid glycosides found in a variety of plant species. Saponins are approved for use in the food industry as foaming agents. When combined with water or organic acid in spray treatments, saponins' foaming property may improve carcass decontamination. In the first experiment of this study, lean beef carcass surfaces were experimentally inoculated with a fecal slurry containing antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium. Spray-washing treatments with 1% saponin followed by a water wash, or 1% saponin followed by 2% acetic acid, were more effective for reducing aerobic bacteria than saponin, water, or 2% acetic acid washes alone. However, 1% saponin followed by a either a water or 2% acetic acid wash was no more effective than a 2% acetic acid wash for reducing populations of E. coli O157:H7 or Salmonella typhimurium. In the second experiment, experimentally inoculated beef surfaces were subjected to spray treatments with water followed by another water wash, water followed by a 2% acetic acid wash, 1% saponin followed by a water wash, or 1% saponin followed by a 2% acetic acid wash. When examined for effectiveness against all bacterial populations, 1% saponin followed by a water wash and 1% saponin followed by a 2% acetic acid wash were as effective as two water washes or a water wash followed by 2% acetic acid for reducing aerobic bacteria, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella typhimurium from beef surfaces. Under the conditions described, reductions associated with combination spray washes may be attributed to the physical removal of bacteria during the spraying process, not to any specific action of saponin.