cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Using general-purpose graphic processing units for BCI systems

BioMEMS electrode array fabrication techniques are used to develop high-density arrays with hundreds of channels. However, it was previously impossible to process more than a fraction of these channels real-time for online BCI experiments due to computational resource restraints. It is now possible to use graphics processing units (GPUs), which can have several hundred processing cores each, to processes large amounts of data quickly. This paper summarizes advances in using GPUs for BCI processing for EEG, ECoG, and micro-electrode systems, with speedups of more than 30 times that of current state-of-the-art CPU-based BCI implementations.
CyberGIS-BioScope: a cyberinfrastructure-based spatial decision-making environment for biomass-to-biofuel supply chain optimization

Biofuels have gained more attention given its potential contribution to energy independence and rural economic development. The increased demands for biofuel, however, require a new system infrastructure design for biomass-to-biofuel supply chain. Biomass supply chain optimization aims to identify best solutions for biomass feedstock provision, infrastructure investment, and logistic operation. BioScope, a spatially explicit optimization model, was developed to optimize strategic planning decisions for large-scale biomass supply chain [1].
New Directions in Medical Liability Reform

Medical malpractice is the “Rip van Winkle” issue in American health care. However, its periodic awakenings depart from those of its fictional counterpart in an important respect. Neither the participants in the medical malpractice system nor outside observers seem aware that the context for minimizing medical errors, improving legal dispute resolution, and keeping liability insurance available and affordable has changed. This chapter explains why the public policy of medical malpractice is so poorly connected to overall health policy. It examines three aspects of health system change since the 1970s—medical progress, industrialization, and cost containment—that have exposed serious weaknesses in the medical liability system. It suggests ways to convert liability into a general health policy issue, including having the federal government implement a system of error identification, fair compensation, and efficient dispute resolution that would apply to Medicare and Medicaid patients.
American Needle v. NFL: U.S. Professional Clubs are Separate Economic Threads When Jointly Marketing Intellectual Property

One of the most difficult issues regarding the legal regulation of the United States sports industry is whether (and, if so, how) §1 of the Sherman Act, a provision of the U.S. antitrust laws prohibiting concerted action unreasonably restraining trade, applies to professional sports league rules and internal governance decisions (for example, the centralization and exclusive licensing and sale of its member clubs’ intellectual property rights). In American Needle, Inc. v. National Football League, the U.S. Supreme Court recently that the National Football League (NFL) clubs’ grant of an exclusive trademark license to a headwear manufacturer through National Football Club Properties (NFLP), their jointly owned intellectual property marketing and licensing agent, is not immune from judicial scrutiny under §1. The Court resolved a relatively narrow issue, but its ruling suggests that other aspects of a U.S. professional sports league’s cooperative operations and internal governance also are subject to §1. This article initially will briefly describe how the four major U.S. professional sports leagues are structured and internally governed as well as their underlying business models, including revenue sharing among their respective clubs. Next it will provide a historical overview of U.S. professional sports league centralized licensing and internal regulation of intellectual property rights along with antitrust challenges thereto, which set the stage for American Needle. The article then will consider the parties’ arguments and the Supreme Court’s ruling in American Needle and briefly describe the author’s reasons for concluding this case was decided correctly.
Construction of the equivalent potential in born approximation for scattering by particles of unequal mass

In this work the construction of the configuration space equivalent potential in Born approximation is considered for scattering by particles of unequal mass. The potential agrees in essence with the one obtained using the Chew-Frautschi prescription inS-matrix theory,i.e., the range of the exchange force arising from the exchange of a particle of massMp isR0=[Mp2−(MA2−MB2)2/s]−1/2 whereMA,MB are the masses of the particles involved in the scattering ands=(c.m. energy of (A, B))2. This clarifies the confusion in the recent literature regarding this point and sets the stage for determining the importance of the energy dependence of the range parameter in studying the dynamics of strongly interacting particles. The examples considered are K* (890) exchange in πK scattering andOpen image in new window exchange in π scattering. It is shown that the energy dependence of the range parameter is not important in the former and may be crucial in the latter.
Thermodynamics of Intercalation of Bromine in Graphite

The thermodynamics of intercalation of bromine in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite had been studied by determining the pressure-temperature equilibrium diagram for stages 2–4. The standard heat and entropy of reaction for the transformation from stage n to stage n−1 (n=5, 4, 3) were found to be roughly the same, though the enthalpy of reaction became slightly more negative as the stage number increased. The heat and entropy of formation from pure graphite were thus found to be −10.9 kcal mol−1 Br2 and −30.4 cal mol−1 Br2 K−1 respectively for stage 2, −11.32 kcal mol−1 Br2 and −30.6 cal mol−1 Br2 K−1 respectively for stage 3, and −11.5 kcal mol−1 Br2 and −30.6 cal mol−1 Br2 K−1 respectively for stage 4.
Respiratory Exercise for the Patients with Chronic Cervical Cord Injury

慢性期頸髄損傷の呼吸機能状態は、最大吸気量の低下もさることながら、予備呼気量及び努力性呼出流量の著しい低下により肺活量の減少と換気効率の低下を認めていると言える。今回我々は、徒手抵抗による横隔膜強化訓練に加え、胸郭のモビリティー増大に主眼をおくことを考え、徒手胸郭圧迫訓練及び徒手胸郭伸張訓練を毎日それぞれ10回と、プール内にて呼吸訓練を週1回実施した。そして、12週間の経過観察を行なった。その結果は、1)肺活量及び努力性肺活量の増大と呼気時間の延長が明かに認められた。2)肺活量及び努力性肺活量の増大傾向は、訓練当初に比べ、徐々に減少してきた。3)1秒率においては、あまり変化は認められなかった。すなわち、慢性期頸髄損傷患者の呼吸訓練は、胸郭モビリティーを増大させることに重点をおいて行なうことが大切であると言える。
Toward Spectral Classification of Single Photoreceptors by Psychophysics

To learn how signals arising from single photoreceptors combine to yield a percept, we are developing methods to target cones with microstimuli. Our results show that cone spectral class may be identified using threshold psychophysics.
Deflation and monetary policy: Exploring the Causes and Remedies of Japanization

Deflation has replaced inflation as the principal challenge for monetary policy in many countries. But influential voices question whether deflation is properly seen as a problem for economic growth and financial stability. They question whether recent experience with deflation is more than a transitory phenomenon associated with the aftermath of the financial crisis and record-low oil prices. And they doubt whether monetary policy can be used to address the deflation problem without creating even more serious risks. Historical experience as I read it generally confirms that deflation is a problem whose solution should be a priority for central banks. Japan’s experience in particular suggests that deflation problems do not solve themselves. The jury is still out on whether, once deflation is underway, concerted monetary policy action can return inflation to its positive target levels. My own view is that it can. If the policies to date have not achieved their goal, then the central bank or banks in question need to do more. If doing more threatens financial stability, then tools other than monetary policy ― so-called macroprudential tools ― are appropriate for addressing these risks. If a central bank runs out of government securities to buy or worries about dangerously reducing the liquidity of the government bond market, then it can buy other assets.The policy response to deflation is straightforward. The only question is whether the relevant authorities will pursue it.
An Exploration on the Construction of Teaching Staff in Local Colleges under the Credit System

Some measures can be taken to strengthen the construction of teaching staff in local colleges,that is,take the teachers' quality as the core and build a teachers' team with high virtue and quality,take the discipline construction as the lead and strengthen the building of a high-level academic echelon,take the structure optimization as the key and try to improve the academic levels and titles of the teachers,take the reform deepening as the driving force and create a competition and incentive mechanism for the outstanding talents,take the position management reform as the breakthrough and promote vigorously the teacher-focused professional technical position management reform,take the performance-based payment system reform as the opportunity and improve the management system,strengthen the evaluation,standardize the management,and create a good system and policy environment for the faculty.
Structural Basis for KCNQ1 Long-QT Syndrome Disease causing Mutations

The human potassium channel KCNQ1 is a polytopic α-helical membrane protein. KCNQ1 is expressed in both epithelial and heart tissue. In the heart, KCNQ1, in association with KCNE1, mediates the Iks current responsible for the repolarization of the cardiac action potential. Mutations that cause a loss-of-function of KCNQ1 result in a congenital condition known as long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Congenital LQTS predisposes an individual to cardiac arrhythmia and can result in sudden death. While current homology models are sufficient to generate testable structure-function hypotheses, low sequence conservation between KCNQ1 and other potassium channel structures, especially in the voltage-sensing domain, highlight the need for an experimentally determined KCNQ1 structure. Our focus is on the KCNQ1 voltage-sensing domain (Q1-VSD) that mediates the voltage response of the ion channel. Isolated Q1-VSDs exist in equilibrium between an open and closed state, likely favoring the open conformation. To facilitate nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structural investigation of the Q1-VSD, we employ state-locking mutations that provide a homogeneous reference spectrum. Our goal is to develop a biochemical model for the disease mechanism of specific LQTS mutations. The structural effects of specific LQTS disease-causing mutations are being evaluated in two ways (1) by comparison to the Q1-VSD ‘locked’ open- and closed-state NMR reference spectra and (2) in the context of current KCNQ1 homology models. Preliminary comparison of wild type Q1-VSD to a ‘locked’ closed-state construct by NMR in model membranes indicates a global conformational rearrangement. Ultimately we seek to leverage the closed-state stabilizing mutations to facilitate NMR structure determination of the Q1-VSD in its inactive “down” state.
A knowledge capture approach for directly acquiring team mental models

Abstract In order to better study team behavior and performance, much attention has focused on obtaining team members' mental models for the purposes of analysis and prediction. This paper describes a knowledge capture approach and a supporting graphical tool that together allow for direct acquisition of team mental models in the form of conceptual graphs. We performed acquisition experiments on over one hundred teams where team members used the tool to specify their team process. In addition to acquiring team members' models, non-team observers created “expert” models of the team process for comparison. We obtained good results on accepted measures of recall and precision compared to the “expert” models.
Selenoprotein K and Protein Palmitoylation in Regulating Immune Cell Functions

While it has been recognized that dietary selenium (Se) levels can affect immune responses by modulating immune cell functions, mechanisms by which this occurs have not been fully understood. Our early work identified selenoprotein K (SELK) as a selenoprotein that is enriched in immune cells and its levels are influenced by dietary Se intake. Recently, experiments with mice and cell lines revealed that SELK functions as a partner for an enzyme, DHHC6 (where each letter represents an amino acid in the catalytic domain), to carry out the post-translational addition of palmitic acid to certain proteins. This palmitoylation reaction is an important post-translational modification that stabilizes the expression of proteins like the inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R), CD36, and likely others. This represents an important molecular mechanism by which dietary Se regulates immunity.
Performance modeling of in situ rendering

With the push to exascale, in situ visualization and analysis will continue to play an important role in high performance computing. Tightly coupling in situ visualization with simulations constrains resources for both, and these constraints force a complex balance of trade-offs. A performance model that provides an a priori answer for the cost of using an in situ approach for a given task would assist in managing the trade-offs between simulation and visualization resources. In this work, we present new statistical performance models, based on algorithmic complexity, that accurately predict the run-time cost of a set of representative rendering algorithms, an essential in situ visualization task. To train and validate the models, we conduct a performance study of an MPI+X rendering infrastructure used in situ with three HPC simulation applications. We then explore feasibility issues using the model for selected in situ rendering questions.
Detailed Echocardiographic Phenotyping in Breast Cancer Patients: Associations With Ejection Fraction Decline, Recovery, and Heart Failure Symptoms Over 3 Years of Follow-Up.

Background:Cardiovascular disease in patients with breast cancer is of growing concern. The longitudinal effects of commonly used therapies, including doxorubicin and trastuzumab, on cardiac remode...
Family History of Alzheimer’s Disease is Associated with Impaired Perceptual Discrimination of Novel Objects

Early detection may be the key to developing therapies that will combat Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been consistently demonstrated that one of the main pathologies of AD, tau, is present in the brain decades before a clinical diagnosis. Tau pathology follows a stereotypical route through the medial temporal lobe beginning in the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices. If early pathology leads to very subtle changes in behavior, it may be possible to detect these changes in subjects years before a clinical diagnosis can currently be made. We aimed to discover if cognitively normal middle-aged adults (40-60 years old) at increased risk for AD due to family history would have impaired performance on a cognitive task known to challenge the perirhinal cortex. Using an oddity detection task, we found that subjects with a family history of AD had lowered accuracy without demonstrating differences in rate of acquisition. There were no differences between subjects' medial temporal lobe volume or cortical thickness, indicating that the changes in behavior were not due to significant atrophy. These results demonstrate that subtle changes in perceptual processing are detectable years before a typical diagnosis even when there are no differences detectable in structural imaging data. Anatomically-targeted cognitive testing may be useful in identifying subjects in the earliest stages of AD.
Carboplatin and short-infusion paclitaxel in high-risk and advanced-stage ovarian carcinoma.

PURPOSE To present tolerance and toxicity information on previously untreated high-risk early-stage and advanced-stage primary epithelial ovarian cancer patients treated with adjuvant 3-hour paclitaxel and carboplatin. PATIENTS AND METHODS Consecutive patients with high-risk early-stage and advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer underwent maximal surgical debulking and/or staging. Paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) was infused over 3 hours followed by a 30-minute carboplatin infusion (area under the plasma concentration time curve = 7.0-7.5 mg/mL/min) for a planned six (q 21 day) courses. RESULTS Twenty-two patients underwent 132 cycles and were evaluable for toxicity. Myelosuppression was dose-limiting. Grade 4 granulocytopenia occurred in 31% of the cycles. Grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia was uncommon (5%, 1%) and predictable. Delay in administration was necessary in 10 of 132 (7.6%) cycles (5 of 22 patients). Eight of these 10 delays were 7 days. Seventeen of 22 (77%) patients completed therapy without a delay. Non-hematologic toxicity was mild. A significant individual weight gain of 2.5 kg was noted. Among 19 patients with advanced disease, 16 had a complete clinical remission after six cycles of therapy. Nine patients with stage IIB-IV disease have undergone reassessment procedures (four pathologic complete responses, three microscopic positive, two macroscopic positive). Sixteen of 22 (77%) have no evidence of disease, four have no evidence of disease following a secondary therapy, one is under therapy with salvage chemotherapy, and one is dead of disease. Median follow-up is 14 months (range: 6-30 months). Comparatively, the mean carboplatin dose administered was 440 mg/m2 (95% CI, 428-486 mg/m2). CONCLUSION Paclitaxel and carboplatin administered in this design are well tolerated, with predictable and acceptable hematologic and nonhematologic toxicity. Dose-limiting toxicity is granulocytopenia with relative platelet sparing. Outpatient administration is safe.
The Economics of Academic Advancement Within Surgery.

Background The success of an academic surgeon’s career is often viewed as directly related to academic appointment; therefore, the sequence of promotion is a demanding, rigorous process. This paper seeks to define the financial implication of academic advancement across different surgical subspecialties. Study Design Data was collected from the Association of American Medical College’s 2015 report of average annual salaries. Assumptions included 30 years of practice, 5 years as assistant professor, and 10 years as associate professor before advancement. The base formula used was: (average annual salary) × (years of practice [30 years − fellowship/research years]) + ($50,000 × years of fellowship/research) = total adjusted lifetime salary income. Results There was a significant increase in lifetime salary income with advancement from assistant to associate professor in all subspecialties when compared to an increase from associate to full professor. The greatest increase in income from assistant to associate professor was seen in transplant and cardiothoracic surgery (35% and 27%, respectively). Trauma surgery and surgical oncology had the smallest increases of 8% and 9%, respectively. With advancement to full professor, the increase in lifetime salary income was significantly less across all subspecialties, ranging from 1% in plastic surgery to 8% in pediatric surgery. Conclusion When analyzing the economics of career advancement in academic surgery, there is a substantial financial benefit in lifetime income to becoming an associate professor in all fields; whereas, advancement to full professor is associated with a drastically reduced economic benefit.
New evidence for surface water ice in small‐scale cold traps and in three large craters at the north polar region of Mercury from the Mercury Laser Altimeter

The Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA) measured surface reflectance, r(sub s), at 1064 nm. On Mercury, most water-ice deposits have anomalously low r(sub s) values indicative of an insulating layer beneath which ice is buried. Previous detections of surface water ice (without an insulating layer) were limited to seven craters. Here we map r(sub s) in three additional permanently shadowed craters that host radar-bright deposits. Each crater has a mean r(sub s) value greater than 0.3, suggesting that water ice is exposed at the surface without an overlying insulating layer, bringing the total to ten large craters that host exposed water ice at Mercury’s north pole. We also identify small-scale cold traps (less than 5 km in diameter) where r(sub s) greater than 0.3 and permanent shadows have biannual maximum surface temperatures less than 100 K. We suggest that a substantial amount of Mercury's water ice is not confined to large craters, but exists within micro-cold traps, within rough patches and inter-crater terrain.
The type of dietary carbohydrate consumed during pregnancy and lactation determines copper status of the fetus and the neonate rat.

The type of dietary carbohydrate consumed during the post-weaning stages of development greatly determines the severity of copper deficiency (Fields, et al., 1983, 1984, 1986; Redman et al., 1988). The feeding of a diet containing fructose or sucrose exacerbates the severity of copper deficiency and results in numerous pathological changes that eventually lead to the mortality of the rat (Fields et al., 1983, 1984, 1986; Redman et al., 1988). In contrast, the consumption of a copper deficient diet containing starch ameliorates the severity, the animals are protected against the symptoms associated with the deficiency and they survive (Fields et al., 1983, 1984, 1986; Redman et al., 1988).
Inhibitory Neural Regulation of the Ca 2+ Transients in Intramuscular Interstitial Cells of Cajal in the Small Intestine.

Gastrointestinal motility is coordinated by enteric neurons. Both inhibitory and excitatory motor neurons innervate the syncytium consisting of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and PDGFRα+ cells (SIP syncytium). Confocal imaging of mouse small intestines from animals expressing GCaMP3 in ICC were used to investigate inhibitory neural regulation of ICC in the deep muscular plexus (ICC-DMP). We hypothesized that Ca2+ signaling in ICC-DMP can be modulated by inhibitory enteric neural input. ICC-DMP lie in close proximity to the varicosities of motor neurons and generate ongoing Ca2+ transients that underlie activation of Ca2+-dependent Cl- channels and regulate the excitability of SMCs in the SIP syncytium. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) caused inhibition of Ca2+ for the first 2-3 s of stimulation, and then Ca2+ transients escaped from inhibition. The NO donor (DEA-NONOate) inhibited Ca2+ transients and Nω-Nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) or a guanylate cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) blocked inhibition induced by EFS. Purinergic neurotransmission did not affect Ca2+ transients in ICC-DMP. Purinergic neurotransmission elicits hyperpolarization of the SIP syncytium by activation of K+ channels in PDGFRα+ cells. Generalized hyperpolarization of SIP cells by pinacidil (KATP agonist) or MRS2365 (P2Y1 agonist) also had no effect on Ca2+ transients in ICC-DMP. Peptidergic transmitter receptors (VIP and PACAP) are expressed in ICC and can modulate ICC-DMP Ca2+ transients. In summary Ca2+ transients in ICC-DMP are blocked by enteric inhibitory neurotransmission. ICC-DMP lack a voltage-dependent mechanism for regulating Ca2+ release, and this protects Ca2+ handling in ICC-DMP from membrane potential changes in other SIP cells.
Der pigmentierte Spindelzelltumor, Typus Reed

Im Jahre 1975 machte Richard Reed auf eine Variante der Pigmentzellengeschwulste aufmerksam, die er als pigmentierten Spindelzelltumor bezeichnete [1]. Er beschrieb die klinischen und histologischen Eigenheiten dieser Entitat, die bis dahin kaum Eingang in die Literatur gefunden hatte. Dabei betonte er die Moglichkeit der Fehlinterpretation des etwas beunruhigenden Bildes durch unerfahrene Pathologen. Gartmann berichtete 1981 uber 28 eigene Falle und kam zu dem Schlus, das diese Lasion zu selten diagnostiziert wird [2]. Schlieslich arbeiteten Sagebiel und Mitarb, weitere 90 Falle im Jahre 1984 auf [3]. Sie betonten die Gutartigkeit des Tumors ebenso wie die haufige Fehldiagnose als malignes Melanom.
Impact Of Risk Adjustment For Socioeconomic Status On Medicare Advantage Plan Quality Rankings.

Sociodemographically disadvantaged patients have worse outcomes on some quality measures that inform Medicare Advantage plan ratings. Performance measurement that does not adjust for sociodemographic factors may penalize plans that disproportionately serve disadvantaged populations. We assessed the impact of adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic factors (sex, race/ethnicity, dual eligibility, disability, rurality, and neighborhood disadvantage) on Medicare Advantage plan rankings for blood pressure, diabetes, and cholesterol control. After adjustment, 20.3 percent, 19.5 percent, and 11.4 percent of Medicare Advantage plans improved by one or more quintiles in rank on the diabetes, cholesterol, and blood pressure measures, respectively. Plans that improved in ranking after adjustment enrolled higher proportions of disadvantaged enrollees. Adjusting quality measures for socioeconomic factors is important for equitable payment and quality reporting. Our study suggests that plans serving disadvantaged p...
The Significance of Protein Intake and Catabolism

Diet and nutrition are integral to the management of individuals with renal disease. Uremia engenders anorexia, nausea, meat aversion, and emesis, disturbances that ultimately reduce appetite and cause weight loss and malnutrition. Protein restriction can alleviate these uremic symptoms and improve patient health and vigor, but overly zealous protein restriction may, itself, produce malnutrition. This is particularly likely when energy intake is restricted by either design or anorexia. End-stage renal disease patients require renal replacement therapy for survival, and although dialysis is life sustaining, it neither replaces normal kidney function nor obviates the need for dietary management. In this setting of controlled, persistent uremia, undernutrition can develop surreptitiously. Dialysis physicians have long regarded malnutrition as a sign of uncontrolled uremia and failing health. This supposition has now been validated by epidemiologic studies demonstrating that serum albumin and protein catabolic rate (PCR) discriminate between dialysis patients at high and low risk of death or illness. This correlation of undernutrition with health and survival persists across wide ranges of age, medical diagnoses, and dialysis prescriptions. Because PCR is readily measured using urea kinetic analyses, it has been promoted as a patient monitoring tool and under steady-state conditions it is a reliable method of determining protein intake. Although a single PCR measurement does not integrate day-to-day dietary and metabolic fluctuations and contains an inherent uncertainty of +/- 20%, sequential measurements can be used to assess changes in an individual's dietary protein intake. PCR defines nitrogen losses and, when normalized to a realistic index of metabolic activity (metabolically active body size), it can disclose subtle individual variances in nitrogen utilization. These normalized protein catabolic rates (NPCR) do not, however, measure or describe overall nutrition. The normalization schemes employed are based on population averages and only approximate an individual's true metabolic activity. Thus, using NPCR to define nutritional needs can result in overfeeding obese and underfeeding wasted subjects. Instead, nutritional adequacy should be defined by clinical inspection and comparison with defined standards. Once that state is defined, and desirable protein and calorie intakes are determined, NPCR can be used to monitor the patient's ability to maintain homeostasis.
“Men of Bad Faith”: Political Conflict, Denunciations, and Local Justice in Córdoba, Argentina during the Rosas Era

ABSTRACTThis article examines the shifting views among Argentina’s leaders on political informing during the civil wars of the early nineteenth century. During the late 1830s and early 1840s, several Unitarian rebellions threatened Juan Manuel de Rosas, the governor of Buenos Aires, and his Federal allies within the interior of the country. One of the most significant of these occurred in Cordoba, Argentina’s second largest province, in late 1840. The Federals defeated the Unitarian uprising and unleashed local campaigns of repression, or what some scholars have called the Terror. Federals actively encouraged communities under their jurisdictions to assist their efforts in pursuing Unitarian suspects by accepting political denunciations. However, problems began to emerge as jurists realized that personal motives more often crept into allegations of political misconduct. In addition, some of the accused fought back and challenged their accusers’ claims. These problems cast doubt on the idea of relying on c...
Salvage treatment in recurrent endometrial cancer of the pelvis and peritoneal cavity.

Abstract Regional recurrence of endometrial cancer is a challenging yet potentially curable group of patients without defined standard of care. Our aim is to determine optimal methods of salvage therapy for regionally recurrent endometrial cancer. Twenty-two cases of nodal, pelvic, or peritoneal cavity recurrences of endometrial cancer were identified from a single institution database. Univariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of a second recurrence or death. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to estimate the probability of progression free survival and overall survival among patients in three cohorts: Multimodality therapy (surgery, chemotherapy, and external beam radiotherapy [EBRT] +/− vaginal brachytherapy), non-surgery (chemotherapy or EBRT, or both), and surgery cohort (surgery +/− chemotherapy OR EBRT). Thirteen recurrences (59%) were regional including the pelvic and paraaortic nodes, while nine recurrences (41%) were abdominal. For the entire cohort, the probability of progression free survival at 2 years was 51% (95% CI, 26% - 72%). The 2-year probability of progression free survival was 62% in the multimodality cohort, 40% in the non-surgery cohort, and 38% in the surgery cohort. The 2-year probability of overall survival was 69% (95% CI, 38% - 86%) across our population. At 40 months of follow up, the only living patients belonged to the multimodality cohort. We found no significant association of a definitive salvage regimen for recurrent endometrial cancer of the pelvis and peritoneal cavity. Aggressive use of multimodality therapy with surgery followed by tumor-directed radiotherapy and chemotherapy offers potentially curative therapy for these patients.
National and State Estimates of Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States.

Importance Information on the economic burden of cancer mortality can serve as a tool in setting policies and prioritizing resources for cancer prevention and control. However, contemporary data are lacking for the United States nationally and by state. Objective To estimate lost earnings due to death from cancer overall and for the major cancers in the United States nationally and by state. Design, Setting, and Participants Person-years of life lost (PYLL) were calculated using numbers of cancer deaths and life expectancy data in individuals aged 16 to 84 years who died from cancer in the United States in 2015. The annual median earnings in the United States were used to assign a monetary value for each PYLL by age and sex. Cancer mortality and life expectancy data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics and annual median earnings from the US Census Bureau’s 2016 Current Population Survey’s March Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Data analysis was performed from October 22, 2018, to February 25, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Lost earnings due to cancer death, represented as estimated future wages in the absence of premature death. Results A total of 8 739 939 person-years of life were lost to cancer death in persons aged 16 to 84 years in the United States in 2015, translating to lost earnings of $94.4 billion (95% CI, $91.7 billion-$97.3 billion). For individual cancer sites, lost earnings were highest for lung cancer ($21.3 billion), followed by colorectal ($9.4 billion), female breast ($6.2 billion), and pancreatic ($6.1 billion) cancer. Age-standardized lost earning rates per 100 000 were lowest in the West and highest in the South, ranging from $19.6 million (95% CI, $19.1 million-$20.2 million) in Utah to $35.3 million ($34.4 million-$36.3 million) in Kentucky. Approximately 2.4 million PYLL and $27.7 billion (95% CI, $26.9 billion-$28.5 billion) in lost earnings (29.3% of total that occurred in 2015) would have been avoided in 2015 if all states had the same age-specific PYLL or lost earning rates as Utah. Conclusions and Relevance Our findings indicate large state variation in the economic burden of cancer and suggest the potential for substantial financial benefit through delivery of effective cancer prevention, screening, and treatment to minimize premature cancer mortality in all states.
Menstrual Cycle Fluctuations of Progesterone and the Effect on Sleep Regulation

Women of reproductive age experience higher rates of sleep disturbance than their male counterparts, leading to lack of restorative sleep and increasing risk for chronic disease. The objective of this review is to overlay the menstrual cycle with sleep regulation to develop an evidence-based theoretical model that directs clinical interventions for improved sleep in affected women. Utilizing the basic mechanisms for sleep and the menstrual cycle, in addition to evidence for sleep and hormonal dysregulation, hormonal fluctuations are mapped to variations in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), melatonin, and cortisol levels. Effective interventions that may be included in individualized treatment plans – varying based on the scope of practice for each practitioner – are presented, along with the impetus for future research to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and sleep regulation.
Variation in Management and Outcomes of Children Hospitalized With Severe Cutaneous Reactions

BACKGROUND: Stevens Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare yet life threatening conditions resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES: Characterize the current management and outcomes of SJS and TEN across U.S. children’s hospitals. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Forty-Seven U.S. freestanding children’s hospitals PATIENTS: Children less …
Rethinking the Role of the State in Employment Relations for a Neoliberal Era

Over the past 30 years, state intervention to reshape employment relations has become a generalized feature of contemporary capitalism. A broad neoliberal reconstruction of the market order has gon...
Building a Law-and-Political-Economy Framework: Beyond the Twentieth-Century Synthesis

Current crises of economic inequality and eroding democracy require us to move beyond legal orientations that prioritize efficiency, neutrality, and apolitical governance. We suggest new orientations and questions for scholarship on “law and political economy” that instead foregrounds realities of power, aspires toward equality, and is committed to democracy.
Study on the differences of glycoprotein gene between rabies virus epidemic strains from Guizhou province and vaccine strains

Objective To study the differences of glycoprotein gene (G gene) between rabies virus epidemic strains of Guizhou province in recent years and vaccine strains,and to provide scientific basis for the development of rabies vaccine and establishment of effective control and prevention measures.Methods RT-PCR assay was used to amplify the G gene of rabies positive brain tissues samples of human and dog derived from Guizhou province in recent years.The amplification products were sequenced and comparatively analyzed with that of vaccine strains by using bioinformatics software.Results Eight full-length G gene sequences were obtained by RT-PCR amplification,sequencing and splicing.The homogeny of G gene between 8 epidemic strains of Guizhou province and 9 vaccine strains were 82.0％-94.1％ and 87.6％-97.5％ on nucleotide and deduced amino acid level,respectively,and the highest homogeny were found with the human vaccine strain CTN (87.0％-94.1％ for nucleotide and 93.7.％-97.5％ for amino acid) among the 6 human rabies vaccine strains,while highest homogeny were found with strain Flury (83.9％-84.6％ for nucleotide and 91.1％-93.0％ for amino acid) among the three animal vaccine strains.Besides,among the 8 epidemic strains from Guizhou province,strain GZ09 collected in the year of 2005 was of the highest homogeny with human rabies vaccine strain CTN and animal rabies vaccine strain Flury,while strain GZ30 collected in the year of 2010 was of lowest homogeny with human rabies vaccine strain CTN and animal rabies vaccine strain Flury.Moreover,phylogenetic analysis based on the G gene indicated that the relationship of 8 epidemic strains derived from Guizhou,the 9 vaccine strains and genotype 1 Lyssavirus were clustered to a same branch.Vaccine strain CTN among the 9 vaccine strains was closest to the 8 epidemic strains,and the other 8 vaccine strains were relatively more distant from the epidemic strains of Guizhou province.In addition,phylogenetic analysis indicated that among the 8 epidemic strains from Guizhou province,strain GZ09 collectcd in the year of 2005 was of closest evolutionary relationship to CTN,while the other 7 epidemic strains were relatively more distant from CTN.Conclusion This study confirmed on the G gene level that rabies virus strains circulated in Guizhou province in recent years and the vaccine strains used in China belonged to rabies virus genotype 1,and the virus strains circulated in Guizhou province in recent years is of smallest difference with the human vaccine strain CTN and animal vaccine strain Flury.Besides,as time goes on,the difference between the epidemic strain and the vaccine strains becomes more and more obvious.The results of this study will provide scientific basis for the development of rabies vaccine and establishment of effective control and prevention measures. Key words: Rabies virus; Glycoprotein gene; Vaccine strain; Differences
Prior Problem Behaviors Do Not Account for the Racial Suspension Gap

At the end of 2018, Obama-era disciplinary guidance aimed at reducing the use of suspensions in schools (especially for minorities and students with disabilities) was revoked by the U.S. Department...
Computational Study of Temperature Effects on MOSFET Channel Material Benchmarking

Temperature ( ${T}$ ) effects on MOSFET channel material benchmarking are explored using atomistic quantum and Monte Carlo simulation. Performance metrics such as OFF-current, maximum supply voltage ( ${V} _{\text {DD,max}}$ ), and effective inverter drive current ( ${I} _{{eff}}$ ) for novel channel materials (InGaAs and Ge nMOS) are compared with those of Si nMOS at 27 °C vs. 101 °C. For novel channel materials, leakages from source-to-drain or band-to-band tunneling may become significant, while their ${T}$ -dependence is much lower than in thermal leakage. This may have significant impact on the benchmarking analysis results, such as the increased ${V} _{\text {DD,max}}$ of novel channel materials at high ${T}$ , which allows one to exploit the boosted ${I} _{{eff}}$ in a wider range of supply voltage with leakage power still matching Si. This illustrates the importance of considering operating ${T}$ ’s of actual circuits when assessing individual transistors, especially for novel channel materials.
Examining determinants of adherence to peace journalism: Empathy, reporting efficacy, and perceived journalistic roles:

This study examines the practice of peace journalism by Nigerian journalists and how factors including empathy, reporting efficacy, perceived journalistic roles, and training may promote adherence ...
Relapsed Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Current Management, Recent Progress, and Future Directions.

The increasing number of approved therapies for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) provides patients effective treatment options, with increasing complexity in prioritization and sequencing of these therapies. Chemo-immunotherapy remains widely used as frontline MCL treatment with multiple targeted therapies available for relapsed disease. The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib achieve objective responses in the majority of patients as single agent therapy for relapsed MCL, but differ with regard to toxicity profile and dosing schedule. Lenalidomide and bortezomib are likewise approved for relapsed MCL and are active as monotherapy or in combination with other agents. Venetoclax has been used off-label for the treatment of relapsed and refractory MCL, however data are lacking regarding the efficacy of this approach particularly following BTKi treatment. Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have emerged as highly effective therapy for relapsed MCL, with the CAR-T treatment brexucabtagene autoleucel now approved for relapsed MCL. In this review the authors summarize evidence to date for currently approved MCL treatments for relapsed disease including sequencing of therapies, and discuss future directions including combination treatment strategies and new therapies under investigation.
The Ultimate Insurance Policy: Autonomous Vehicles and Artificial Intelligence, a Statutory Proposal for a Complicated Product

Self-driving cars could make the roads a lot safer for our friends, our families, and ourselves. They could free up time we would have been driving to do other things. But, before the technology is perfected, car accidents will hinder the progress. Products liability standards will have a difficult time compensating the injured: the technology will be the best available for its time, even though not safe enough. Negligence, the test used for traditional car accidents, is not compatible either, because the operating system is driving, not a distracted driver. Therefore, during the period of trial and error, I propose a federally mandated insurance policy to indemnify injured passengers and third parties on a no fault system, so long as they can prove involvement in a self-driving car accident. Self-driving car companies will fund this policy. Structured as a compromise, like workers’ compensation, those companies will have to pay a lower amount of damages per injury, only the plaintiff’s economic damages. The policy will help avoid the litigation process, guarantee that every injured person gets something, and facilitate the long term benefits of a likely usefully technology.
Effects of COVID‐19 on a CMOS fabrication course: An integrated design experience

In the CMOS fabrication course described herein, the lecture component provides the theoretical background for semiconductor materials and integrated circuit fabrication processes. The laboratory component provides the hands‐on experience required to fabricate and electrically characterize CMOS circuits in a one‐semester format. A strong semiconductor device process design thread is achieved in the course by integrating the laboratory experience and process simulation/modeling and theoretical calculations. The risks associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic have forced significant course modifications. The lecture is switched to a remote learning format, including pre‐recorded content and weekly advanced Q&A sessions. The laboratory provides both in‐person and remote sessions. Approved social distancing and cleaning protocols are practiced in the facility for in‐person learning. Complementary remote learning resources are made available to all the students such as pre‐recorded laboratory instructions, live video‐based laboratory sessions, and web‐based supplementary information. Compared to pre‐pandemic semesters, the average students' GPA of the pandemic period has increased, attributed to larger and archived volumes of instructional material. Overall student comments related to course changes necessitated by the pandemic are mixed with both positive and negative feedback. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of the Society for Information Display is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Ode to Karl Marx

learnt to operate. So the machine it once connected to just accelerates & each new rap dance video's a perfect image of this, bodies going faster and faster, still dancing on the spot. At the moment tho' this set up works for me, being paid to sit and write & smoke, thumbing through Adorno like New Idea on a cold working day in Ballarat, where adult unemployment is 22% & all your grand schemata of intricate cause and effect work out like this: take a muscle car & wire its accelerator to the floor, take out the brakes, the gears the steering wheel & let it rip. The dumbest tattooed hoon ?mortal diamond hanging around the Mall? knows what happens next. It's fun unless you're strapped inside the car. I'm not, but the dummies they use for testing are.
Instructional development as a social movement: An illustration of analogical theorizing

Instructional development, a service activity in which a faculty member and an instructional designer work in close cooperation to redesign an existing course or to design a new one. represents the typically elusive subject of educational research: a human process. This article examines the application of naturalistic inquiry to such a research topic and suggests that such inquiry needs to be informed by research traditions in sociology and anthropology that have long used these methods. Drawing on social-movement theory, an example is presented of analogical theorizing, illustrating how socialmovement theory developed in other areas can be applied to the exploration of instructional development.
Technology and a Safe Workplace

While policy analysts have put forth several rationales for federal occupational safety and health regulation, the American workplace has steadily become much safer, diminishing any such rationale. This has been aided by the macroeconomic effects of technology on increasing productivity and real income per capita, changes that have implications for the nature of work and worker safety. Also, we can observe effects of technology in specific industries and the fact that technology advances the viability of resolving safety issues by private, voluntary means. In 1960, the United States government spent very little on regulating the health and safety of American workers. Today, four decades later, regulatory efforts have expanded exponentially, with a whole new bureaucracy, notably the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), created to enforce workplace practices. In the related area of worker standards and benefits, government spending also has risen sharply in real terms. These efforts, however, appear to have had little impact on worker safety. In this study, two major themes are developed. First, by any measure, occupational safety and health were improving rapidly in the era before the major increase in government regulation. Economic growth that reflected technological change and capital formation was reducing the very problem that regulation was designed to solve. Second, while the trend toward greater safety has continued, it reflects in large part shifts in the nature of work rather than regulatory success. Technologically-induced structural change has solved many of the problems envisioned at the time of OSHA's creation in 1970.