cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coming Full Circle: Reflections on a Career as a Dietitian

The connections between people, careers, events, and decisions provide the focus for this lecture, which traces the story of a 38-year career as a dietitian, spanning the country from east to west, through the centre, and back again. The lecture emphasizes the importance of taking inspiration from family and events, developing and maintaining lifelong friendships, and commitments. Finding opportunity in the midst of adversity is also a theme. The author's career begins with a clinical and administrative experience and moves into the community when she becomes a public health nutritionist. While the budget restrictions of the 1990s were challenging, the author recounts opportunities with key issues such as folic acid, prenatal nutrition, and heart health. A provincial food and nutrition plan was created, including a focus on food security and its connection to poverty. This is linked to the roots of the dietetic profession with the Lillian Massey School of Household Science and Art established in the 1890s...
Wegener's granulomatosis autoantigen is a novel neutrophil serine proteinase.

Circulating IgG autoantibodies that produce cytoplasmic immunofluorescence staining of ethanol-fixed normal neutrophils have recently been found in a large percentage of patients with active Wegener's granulomatosis. Such autoantibodies are rarely found in other diseases and are therefore virtually diagnostic of Wegener's granulomatosis. The nature of the neutrophil antigen defined by these autoantibodies is controversial and the roles of the antigen and/or autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of Wegener's granulomatosis are unknown. We studied serum samples that produce the cytoplasmic pattern of staining from 10 patients with a diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. By Western blot analysis, all 10 sera reacted with a 29- Kd neutrophil protein (p29). We generated a mouse monoclonal antibody directed against this antigen. The monoclonal antibody produced the same immunofluorescence staining pattern as the serum autoantibodies and was used to affinity-purify p29. The purified antigen had a novel N- terminal sequence homologous to members of the serine proteinase family and bound to radiolabeled diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). We conclude that the neutrophil antigen responsible for the cytoplasmic staining pattern produced by autoantibodies in patients with active Wegener's granulomatosis is a distinctive serine proteinase.
Arrest of Fetal Brain Development in ALG11-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation

Abstract Background Arrest of fetal brain development and the fetal brain disruption sequence describe a severe phenotype involving microcephaly, occipital bone prominence, and scalp rugae. Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders involved in glycoprotein and glycolipid biosynthesis, which can cause microcephaly and severe neurodevelopmental disability. Methods We report an example of fetal microcephaly diagnosed at 36 weeks' gestation with a history of normal fetal biometry at 20 weeks' gestation. Postnatal genetic testing was performed. Results Fetal magnetic resonance imaging at 36 weeks' gestational age showed severe cortical thinning with a simplified gyral pattern for gestational age, ventriculomegaly, and agenesis of the corpus callosum. The fetal skull had a posterior shelf at the level of the lambdoid suture, characteristic of fetal brain disruption sequence. Postnatal brain magnetic resonance imaging found no brain growth during the interval from the fetal to postnatal study. The infant was found to have biallelic pathologic mutations in ALG11. Conclusions Arrest of fetal brain development, with image findings consistent with fetal brain disruption sequence, is a previously unreported phenotype of congenital microcephaly in ALG11-congenital disorder of glycosylation. ALG11-congenital disorder of glycosylation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of this rare form of congenital microcephaly.
The 2nd YouTube-8M Large-Scale Video Understanding Challenge

We hosted the 2nd YouTube-8M Large-Scale Video Understanding Kaggle Challenge and Workshop at ECCV’18, with the task of classifying videos from frame-level and video-level audio-visual features. In this year’s challenge, we restricted the final model size to 1 GB or less, encouraging participants to explore representation learning or better architecture, instead of heavy ensembles of multiple models. In this paper, we briefly introduce the YouTube-8M dataset and challenge task, followed by participants statistics and result analysis. We summarize proposed ideas by participants, including architectures, temporal aggregation methods, ensembling and distillation, data augmentation, and more.
Linking Big Data and Prediction Strategies: Tools, Pitfalls, and Lessons Learned.

Objectives:Modern critical care amasses unprecedented amounts of clinical data—so called “big data”—on a minute-by-minute basis. Innovative processing of these data has the potential to revolutionize clinical prognostics and decision support in the care of the critically ill but also forces clinicia
Airway Management in Critical Illness: An Update

Expertise in airway management is a vital skill for any provider caring for critically ill patients. A growing body of literature has identified the stark difference in periprocedural outcomes of elective intubation in the operating room when compared with emergency intubation in the ICU. A number of strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with airway management in the critically ill have been described. In this review, we provide an updated framework for airway assessment before direct laryngoscopy and video laryngoscopy, and use of newer pharmacologic agents; comment on current concepts in tracheal intubation in the ICU; and address human factors around critical decision-making during ICU airway management.
THE ESSENCE AND SPECIFIC FEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE FOR SEAFARER SPECIALISTS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES

. The article deals with the issues connected with the essence and characterize the specific foreign language professional competence of future marine specialists in the process of studying English in a professional direction. The analysis of recent publications on the topic is carried out; the basic peculiarities of seafarer specialist foreign language professional competence are revealed. Special attention is paid to implementing the communicative approach to studying foreign languages. In addition to that, the author determines the role of foreign communicative competence in the process of forming a well-qualified seaman. Key components of communicative competence and training methods are defined; factors of cadets’ readiness for future professional activity are characterized. It is determined that foreign professional competence of future seafarers is complex of lexical, grammar, social and cultural and professional knowledge, skills needed for foreign communication in different situations and spheres that are interconnected with fulfillment of professional tasks and functional duties. The essence of a foreign seafarer's professional competence in foreign language is revealed in a certain level of foreign language learning, getting of socio-cultural and professional knowledge, skills and abilities that make it possible to use language appropriately depending on the situation of professional communication. The totality of training with life situations is possible in professional activity, the introduction of a communicative approach in teaching – all these are the undisputed key to becoming a fully developed, capable of high quality work and self-organization of a professional seaman. The main idea which the author wanted to cover in the article is the importance of communicative competence and also foreign communicative approach in forming a comprehensively developed seaman, ready to his professional activities and also to act appropriately in all possible extreme situations which may occur.
Bose-Einstein condensation in a gas of sodium atoms

Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) has been observed in a dilute gas of sodium atoms. A Bose-Einstein condensate consists of a macroscopic population of the ground state of the system, and is a coherent state of matter. In an ideal gas, this phase transition is purely quantum-statistical. The study of BEC in weakly interacting systems which can be controlled and observed with precision holds the promise of revealing new macroscopic quantum phenomena that can be understood from first principles.
Representing the Twenty-First Century Migrant Experience: Adam and Fleutiaux’s Problematic Empathy

In recent years, a trend in French literature has emerged among non-migrant French authors. In her 2018 study, The Migrant Canon in Twenty-First-Century France, Sabo describes this trend as “the emergence of French authors who write about migration” (27). Similarly, Louviot argued that “the drama of migrants dying on Europe’s doorstep has inspired many […] French writers with no postcolonial or (im)migrant background” (6). This article—which focuses on two texts, A l’abri de rien by Olivier Adam (2007) and Destiny by Pierrette Fleutiaux (2016)—examines how non-migrant French authors have attempted to give a voice to illegal migrants in their recent literary works. Each work recounts the story of a French woman who attempts to help one or several migrants as they navigate horrid living conditions (in a Calais-like city in A l’abri de rien and in Paris in Destiny), suffer mental and physical breakdowns, and face French authorities. This study demonstrates that there is an inherent ambivalence at the heart of how these two non-migrant French authors have attempted to voice the plight of today’s illegal migrants in France. While Adam and Fleutiaux’s texts aim to foster empathy toward migrants, they also feature complex altruistic motives that are far from selfless. Adam and Fleutiaux strive to humanize migrants and their trajectories by creating an empathic discourse of care. However, migrant characters are also portrayed as passive objects of fascination becoming pawn-like figures in the lives of the two white female protagonists. The article questions these characters’ altruism by analyzing how their own mental states overpower their empathic drives, thus bringing to light the questionable reasons why these two women become consumed by the need to help migrants. Ultimately, these considerations help build a critique of the problematic empathy Adam and Fleutiaux have constructed and its ethical ramifications.
YAP/TAZ phase separation for transcription.

YAP and TAZ, paralogous mammalian genes, act as the key transcriptional effectors of the Hippo pathway. Two recent reports show that both YAP and TAZ form liquid–liquid phase-separated bodies that promote gene transcription by engaging in super-enhancers.
Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles carrying linezolid improve treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) harbored inside bone cells and biofilms.

Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most prevalent pathogen causing osteomyelitis. The tendency of MRSA to evade standard antibiotic treatment by hiding inside bone cells and biofilms is a major cause of frequent osteomyelitis recurrence. In this study, we developed a lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle loading the antibiotic linezolid (LIN-LPN), and focused on evaluating if this new nanoantibiotic can achieve significant in vitro activities against these intracellular and biofilm-embedded MRSA. The optimal LIN-LPN formulation demonstrated both high linezolid payload (12.0% by weight of nanoparticles) and controlled release characteristics (gradually released the entrapped antibiotic in 120 h). Although it achieved lower activities against bacteria including USA300-0114, CDC-587, RP-62A in planktonic form, it was substantially superior against the intracellular MRSA reservoir inside osteoblast cells. The differences of intracellular activities between LIN-LPN and linezolid were 87.0-fold, 12.3-fold, and 12.6-fold in CFU/ml (p
OP0137 Less healthcare resource utilisation for perforations, ulcers and bleeds with rofecoxib vs. naproxen in the vigour (vioxx gi outcomes research) study

Background The VIGOUR Study was a randomised, double-blind, clinical trial assessing the GI safety of rofecoxib 50 mg. once daily (n = 4047) versus naproxen 500 mg twice daily (n = 4029) in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The mean age was 58 years; 80% of patients were female; 8% had a prior history of a GI ulcer or bleed; 82% reported NSAID use at baseline; 21% reported dyspepsia within 14 days prior to baseline; the treatment groups were not different in these respects. The median duration of follow-up 9.0 months, the maximum was 13 months. Objectives To compare the rates of hospitalisation and mean number of outpatient healthcare contacts associated with upper GI perforation, ulcer, or bleeding (PUB) in patients treated with rofecoxib, a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor, vs. naproxen in the VIGOUR Study. Methods The proportions of patients with hospitalizations for PUB in the two treatment groups were compared for all randomised patients. All PUBs were confirmed by an outside adjudication committee. The proportions of patients hospitalised for PUB, and the rates of PUB hospitalisation (per 100 patient-years, and based on the Kaplan-Meier method) were compared between treatment groups. Additional analyses compare proportions of PUB patients hospitalised and the mean number of outpatient contacts given a PUB event. Results The incidence of confirmed PUBs, the primary endpoint in VIGOUR, was significantly lower with rofecoxib compared to naproxen (2.1 vs 4.5% per year; p Conclusion In the VIGOUR Study, RA patients treated with the highly selective COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib for up to 13 months had significantly fewer PUBs and required fewer hospitalizations for PUBs than patients treated with naproxen.
Development of 2,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one inhibitors of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A (ALDH1A) as potential adjuncts to ovarian cancer chemotherapy.

Abstract There is strong evidence that inhibition of one or more Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A (ALDH1A) isoforms may be beneficial in chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer and other tumor types. While many previous efforts have focused on development of ALDH1A1 selective inhibitors, the most deadly ovarian cancer subtype, high-grade serous (HGSOC), exhibits elevated expression of ALDH1A3. Herein, we report continued development of pan-ALDH1A inhibitors to assess whether broad spectrum ALDH1A inhibition is an effective adjunct to chemotherapy in this critical tumor subtype. Optimization of the CM39 scaffold, aided by metabolite ID and several new ALDH1A1 crystal structures, led to improved biochemical potencies, improved cellular ALDH inhibition in HGSOC cell lines, and substantial improvements in microsomal stability culminating in orally bioavailable compounds. We demonstrate that two compounds 68 and 69 are able to synergize with chemotherapy in a resistant cell line and patient-derived HGSOC tumor spheroids, indicating their suitability for future in vivo proof of concept experiments.
Marketing and communicating sustainability through college athletics: the effects of pro-environmental initiatives on the belief-attitude-intention hierarchy

This study examines the psychological mechanism of consumers’ environmentally responsible behaviors in college sport. The research is guided by a belief-attitude-intention (B-A-I) hierarchy model. ...
Silencing indigenous pasts: critical Indigenous theory and the history of psychedelics

In this manuscript, I reflect on how Critical Indigenous theory offers white historians like myself powerful conceptual tools to combat the underlying, historically-rooted colonial assumptions prev...
How Digitized Strategy Impacts Movement Outcomes: Social Media, Mobilizing, and Organizing in the 2018 Teachers’ Strikes:

Explaining digital impacts on social movements requires moving beyond technological determinism by addressing two underdeveloped questions: How does political strategy shape the use of information ...
PCB126 Induced Toxic Actions on Liver Energy Metabolism is Mediated by AhR in Rats.

Abstract The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in the regulation of biological responses to more planar aromatic hydrocarbons, like TCDD. We previously described the sequence of events following exposure of male rats to a dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener, 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126), that binds avidly to the AhR and causes various types of toxicity including metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and disruption of energy homeostasis. The purpose of this study was, to investigate the role of AhR to mediate those toxic manifestations following sub-acute exposure to PCB126 and to examine possible sex differences in effects. For this goal, we created an AhR knockout (AhR-KO) model using CRISPR/Cas9. Comparison was made to the wild type (WT) male and female Holtzman Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were injected with a single IP dose of corn oil vehicle or 5 µmol/kg PCB126 in corn oil and necropsied after 28 days. PCB126 caused significant weight loss, reduced relative thymus weights, and increased relative liver weights in WT male and female rats, but not in AhR-KO rats. Similarly, significant pathologic changes were visible which included necrosis and regeneration in female rats, micro- and macro-vesicular hepatocellular vacuolation in males, and a paucity of glycogen in livers of both sexes in WT rats only. Hypoglycemia and lower IGF1, and reduced serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) was found in serum of both sexes of WT rats, low serum cholesterol levels only in the females, and no changes in AhR-KO rats. The expression of genes encoding enzymes related to xenobiotic metabolism (e.g. CYP1A1), gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and fatty acid oxidation were unaffected in the AhR-KO rats following PCB126 exposure as opposed to WT rats where expression was significantly upregulated (PPARα, females only) or downregulated suggesting a disrupted energy homeostasis. Interestingly, Acox2, Hmgcs, G6Pase and Pc were affected in both sexes, the gluconeogenesis and glucose transporter genes Pck1, Glut2, Sds, and Crem only in male WT-PCB rats. These results show the essential role of the AhR in glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fatty acid oxidation, i.e. in the regulation of energy production and homeostasis, but also demonstrate a significant difference in the effects of PCB126 in males verses females, suggesting higher vulnerability of glucose homeostasis in males and more changes in fatty acid/lipid homeostasis in females. These differences in effects, which may apply to more/all AhR agonists, should be further analyzed to identify health risks to specific groups of highly exposed human populations.
Abstract TP427: Comparison of Clinical Characteristics of Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Acute Ischemic Stroke

Aim: Neurogenic stunned myocardium (NSM) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is well known, but there is paucity of data regarding its occurrence following acute ischemic stroke. The aim of this study is to contrast the characteristics of NSM in SAH and acute stroke. Methods: An electronic literature search was performed with Medline and Google Scholar, for English-language articles using the terms “subarachnoid hemorrhage” along with “stunned myocardium” or “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy”. The search revealed 35 articles, from which 10 studies were selected based on the following criteria: prospective studies, non-traumatic SAH, N >25 patients and documentation of regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA). For studies from the same institutional database, the one with most comprehensive documentation of cardiac parameters was selected. Another search was conducted using the terms “acute ischemic stroke” along with “stunned myocardium” or “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy” resulted in only 7 case reports/series. Results: In this descriptive study, 98 out of 504 SAH patients had NSM, evidenced by RWMA (23%). The mean age was 54.8 years and 68% of patients were females, mean Hunt Hess grade was 2.5 and mean LVEF was 55.8%. The mean troponin level was 1.24. The most commonly involved segments were mid-ventricular, basal and apical, in that order. A significant improvement in LVEF occurred in 70.4% of patients. Among stroke patients, the mean age for NSM was 72.5 years and 77% were females. Insular cortex was involved in 46% of cases. Mean troponin elevation was 0.64 and mean LVEF was 34.4%. Regarding outcomes, 84.6% of patients had significant improvement in LVEF, with full recovery in 53.8%. Conclusion: NSM was more common in females, with favorable prognosis. Mid-ventricular segment was most commonly involved in SAH. The mean troponin was twice higher in SAH, raising the possibility that sympathetic overdrive is stronger in these patients. Only half the patients with NSM following stroke had insular involvement, implying other structures may be involved in the neuro-cardiac axis. Lack of prospective studies in stroke patients, and reports only describing Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, which selectively involves apical segments, are limiting factors.
Implications of the Therapist’s Own Health

A therapist’s illness brings up fears of separation and abandonment. When the ill therapist cancels sessions, patients may fantasize that the therapist will never return. Or if he does, he will not be able to handle a full practice. And patients may wonder if they will be among those chosen or eliminated in the reduced case load.
Multifunctional Roles of αB-Crystallin in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Homeostasis and Disease

αB-Crystallin, or HspB5, is a small molecular-weight heat shock protein expressed highly in cardiac and skeletal muscle with multifaceted cellular roles including, chaperone function towards essential myofibrillar components. Insights into protective roles played by αB-crystallin, as well as mutations in the gene encoding αB-crystallin, CRYAB, which resulted in human pathologies, have highlighted the critical functions of αB-crystallin in both skeletal and cardiac muscle, inter alia. Various human mutations in CRYAB appear to have tissue-specific effects, with loss of αB-crystallin only impacting skeletal muscle under basal conditions. This review aims to highlight the roles of αB-crystallin in skeletal and cardiac muscle homeostasis as well as under conditions of stress and disease, drawing insights from human pathologies resulting from CRYAB mutations, and to discuss the potential of using induced pluripotent stem cells to model αB-crystallin-opathies in vitro.
The Art of Using Your Voice

This chapter highlights the art of using voice. Speakers' success suffers when they read papers aloud because they are forced to bend their heads to look at the paper. This not only prevents the audience from seeing their facial expression but it constricts their throats so that their voices are harder to understand. The final sadness is that when speakers read to an audience, they usually hide behind a podium or table. Standing behind a table or podium is always a disadvantage because it signals that the speaker wants distance from the audience. Although, linguists and dictionaries have not yet agreed upon exact pronunciations, but they usually agree on placement of stress. So whatever English accent one use, one should always treat voice like the magnificent musical instrument. However, nervousness can also invite one to speak too rapidly; one should not forget that successful speaking at a conference requires speech that is slower and clearer than occurs in normal conversation.
DL-3,3-difluoroglutamate: an enhancer of folylpolyglutamate elongation.

The effect of 3,3-difluoroglutamate (F2Glu) on the reaction catalyzed by rat liver folypolyglutamate synthetase was investigated. F2Glu was a potent, concentration-dependent inhibitor of poly(gamma-glutamylation) using [3H]Glu and either methotrexate (4-NH2-10-CH3PteGlu) or tetrahydrofolate as substrates. It was determined that F2Glu acted as an alternate substrate, but in contrast to the previously characterized alternate substrate 4-fluoroglutamate (McGuire, J.J., and Coward, J.K. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 6747-6754), it did not terminate polyglutamate chain elongation. Instead, F2Glu promoted chain elongation. Thus, synthesis of products from [3H]methotrexate containing 1 and 2 additional amino acid residues occurred at a substantially higher rate in the presence of F2Glu when compared to identical reactions in the presence of Glu; this was more pronounced for the product containing 2 additional residues. Identities of the products were established by their respective chromatographic elution positions and by limit digestion with gamma-glutamyl hydrolases. Ligation of Glu to 4-NH2-10-CH3PteGlu-gamma-(3,3-difluoroglutamate) was also enhanced. These results are consistent with F2Glu enhancing the synthesis of poly(gamma-glutamate) metabolites at the level of either the incoming amino acid (glutamate analog) or the gamma-glutamyl acceptor species. F2Glu is thus the first glutamate analog which enhances chain elongation catalyzed by folypolyglutamate synthetase.
It Might Just Take a Partnership...

Traditional colleges of teacher education are now being required to define themselves in new ways. In this article, the authors describe the status of education in Arizona and offer a solution that is not found in the next wave of innovation, but rather the successful application of centuries old wisdom – the recognition that we cannot solve social problems individually, but rather collectively, via educational partnerships. Authors survey the needs of their 13 high-needs, district partners across the state to engage in more mutual and respectful educational partnerships, ultimately to help them better help their students. District partners’ collective and individualized needs are presented herein as are the broader implications drawn from the results.
Ultra-high core-density cable with multicore fiber

A method to improve the multicore-fiber cable core density is presented. A cable with a core density of 6 cores/mm2 was fabricated. Further improvements in cable core density using a few-mode multi-core fiber are discussed.
The effects of methadone on the social behavior and activity of the rat

Pairs of 80-day-old female rats were given SC injections of either 0, 1, 2.5, or 4 mg/kg of methadone hydrochloride on each of 6 days. Both animals of the pair received the same dose. One hour postinjection, each pair was observed in a circular arena for a five minute period during which the following dependent measures were recorded: total time in contact, latency to initial contact, frequency of aggressive grooms, and locomotor activity. The results indicated that the rats treated with methadone spent less time in contact, took longer to contact, and aggressively groomed each other less frequently than rats treated with a saline vehicle. Also, the results suggested that the disruption of social behavior produced by methadone was not a reflection of decreased activity levels.
Prediction of Baking Characteristics of Hard Winter Wheat Flours Using Computer-Analyzed Mixograph Parameters

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to determine whether computer-analyzed (objective) mixograph parameters could replace conventional mixograph parameters in the evaluation of flour quality. The 642 hard winter wheat flours, collected from federal regional performance nurseries in 1995 and 1996, were analyzed by a conventional and computerized mixograph. Mixograph bandwidths at 6 min (BW6) showed the most significant linear correlation with subjective mixing tolerance scores (r = 0.81, P < 0.1%, n = 642). Prediction models of conventional and experimental baking parameters were developed by continuum regression using computer-analyzed mixograph parameters of a calibration set (n = 282). The developed models could estimate conventional mixograph mixing time and tolerance scores, baking water absorption and mixing time, and bread loaf volume, showing R2 values of 0.86, 0.74, 0.68, 0.80, and 0.51, respectively, for a validation set (n = 380). These results indicated that computer-analyzed mixograph ...
The I-Aβb region (65–85) is a binding site for the superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin A

Abstract Ia antigen is a receptor for the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). Peptides I-Aβb(30–60), I-Aβb(50–70), I-Aβb(65–85), and I-Aβb(80–100) of the MHC class II antigen β chain on mouse (H-2b) accessory cells were synthesized. Only I-Aβb(65–85) inhibited SEA binding to the mouse B-cell lymphoma line, A20 (H-2d) and the human Burkitt's lymphoma line, Raji (HLA-DR). The I-Aβb(65–85) sequence is a predicted α-helix along the hypothetical antigen binding cleft of the Ia molecule. I-Aβb(65–85) also directly and specifically bound both the intact SEA molecule and its Ia binding site, represented by the peptide SEA(1–45). The results suggest that I-Aβb region (65–85) is a necessary site for Ia molecular interaction with the superantigen SEA. Further, the data suggest that the same helical region of other Ia antigens binds SEA irrespective of haplotype and species.
Simulations of schedule-controlled behavior

A computer model that simulates the patterns of responding of infrahuman subjects under several schedules of reinforcement is described. The model is dynamic in that it continuously assesses the values of several interacting variables that are, in turn, affected by simulated environ-mental events that are scheduled by a procedure program. The data generated by the computer model, including cumulative records, closely conform to reported experimental data. The results indicate that computer simulations are a very useful tool for developing quantitative theories of operant behavior.
In vitro translation of oogenetic messenger RNA of sea urchin eggs and picornavirus RNA with a cell-free system from sarcoma 180.

Abstract A cell-free protein-synthesizing system prepared from mouse sarcoma 180 was characterized by use of RNA from mengo virus and sea urchin egg. In the presence of exogenous mammalian transfer RNA, total sea urchin egg RNA and mengo RNA direct incorporation of [3H]leucine into acid-insoluble material. The system is extremely efficient in that a stimulation of 100-times over background can be obtained. Studies with formylmethionyl-transfer RNA, as well as with inhibitors of initiation, indicate that multiple initiation occurs; further, 85-90% of all chains made in vitro are subsequently released from ribosomes. An average translation time of 3.5 min was determined with messenger RNA of sea urchin egg, and product analysis indicates that high-molecular-weight products (greater than 50,000 molecular weight) are being made in vitro. Sequences of sea urchin egg RNA containing poly(A) act as messenger RNA.
Studies in refractive index. III

In this paper experiments are described which indicate by direct interferometric measurements the distance of penetration of light into the second medium at total reflection. The intensity of the superficial wave is greater in the case when the electric vector of the incident light is in the plane of incidence than when it is perpendicular to this plane, as is required by theory. A method of multiple reflection was devised whereby the reflection coefficients in the two cases could be photometrically compared when the second medium is absorbing. The absorption coefficient and the refractive index of the liquid were measured in layers of the order of 10−3 cm thick and the values compared with the values deduced from the theoretical equations for the reflection coefficients. The results indicate that, for a saturated aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, the solvent is preferentially adsorbed at the surface, giving rise to smaller absorption of the superficial wave than would be expected from measurements of the absorption coefficient in the bulk.
Microstructural study of the theta-alpha transformation in alumina scales formed on nickel-aluminides

AbstractLuminescence spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy have been used to study the transformation from theta-Al2O3 to alpha-Al2O3 on the surface of platinum-modified nickel aluminide, (Ni,Pt)Al, bond coats on superalloys during initial stages of oxidation at 1,000-1,200°C. The transformation can proceed in a number of ways, depending on the surface roughness, leading to different microstructures of the stable alpha-alumina scale. The use of the luminescence method makes it possible to correlate microstructural features of the oxide with the local stress through piezospectroscopic shifts of both alpha- and theta-alumina optical spectra.
Pigment variability in larval Sebastes jordani off central California

Atypical pigment was observed in pre-flexion, flexion and post-flexion larval Sebastes collected off central California in 1991 and 1992 that otherwise resembled Sebastes jordani. Atypical pigment occurred on the axillary region at the base of the pectoral fin (most prominent on the inner edge of the pectoral fin base adjacent to the gut), on the median and distal regions of the pectoral fin and on the median and distal regions of the pelvic fin. In addition, lower and upper jaw pigment was observed at a much smaller size in these specimens than previously described in the literature. Identifications of these atypical specimens as S. jordani were confirmed using meristic and otolith characters as well as mitochondrial DNA sequence data. The ontogenetic variability of S. jordani is described. Specimens collected north of Point Conception were more pigmented than larval S. jordani described in the literature (collected predominately south of Point Conception), suggesting geographic variation in pigment development during the larval stage.
Producing “Society-Ready” Foresters: A Research-Based Process to Revise the Bachelor of Science in Forestry Curriculum at Stephen F. Austin State University

Go to section... Go to section... Journal of Forestry ISSN: 0022-1201 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5849/jof.13-098 Volume 112, Issue 4, pages 354-360 Copyright © 2014 Society of American Foresters Producing “Society-Ready” Foresters: A Research-Based Process to Revise the Bachelor of Science in Forestry Curriculum at Stephen F. Austin State University Steven H. Bullard; Pat Stephens Williams; Theresa Coble; Dean W. Coble; Ray Darville; Laurie Rogers 1: Steven H. Bullard (bullardsh@sfasu.edu), Stephen F. Austin State University.; 2: Pat Stephens Williams (stephensp@sfasu.edu), Stephen F. Austin State University.; 3: Theresa Coble (tcoble@sfasu.edu), Stephen F. Austin State University.; 4: Dean W. Coble (dcoble@sfasu.edu), Stephen F. Austin State University.; 5: Ray Darville (rdarville@sfasu.edu), Stephen F. Austin State University.; 6: Laurie Rogers (lrogers318@yahoo.com), Stephen F. Austin State University, Nacogdoches, TX. “Society-ready” foresters are capable of dealing effectively with the complex economic, ecological, and social issues involving forestry in the 21st century. To assess the knowledge areas, skill sets, abilities, and behaviors needed by society-ready, entry-level foresters today, we surveyed 800 forestry employers and forestry alumni from Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU), and we also conducted focus group sessions with a total of 58 forestry employers. Important areas of knowledge on emerging issues for society-ready Bachelor of Science in Forestry (BSF) graduates included climate change, water availability and quality, and dealing with invasive plants, pathogens, and insects. However, the skill sets and abilities that involve dealing effectively with people were ranked highest in terms of areas in which the BSF curriculum at SFASU should be strengthened. This basic message—the need to improve people skills while maintaining strength and relevance in technical skills—is consistent with reports, studies, and conferences on forestry education in the United States since the early 1900s. At SFASU, we are revising the BSF curriculum to address the results of our research-based process, and we are also targeting research and outreach to address the century-old, chronic issue of how to measurably improve the knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors needed for foresters to work most effectively with people. In our research and application of results, we learned that the process of curriculum revision is just as important as the product: learning from our process will help guide other program leaders in forestry and natural resources to evaluate and revise undergraduate curricula. When done well, we believe work of this type will strengthen both the rigor and relevance in a curriculum, and the process will also strengthen relationships with alumni, employers, and other key constituents.
USA‐Russia library materials exchanges: past, present and future

A discussion of the research materials exchanges between the US and Russian libraries which provides the reader with both a history of these exchanges and a perspective on what the future holds for these programs.
Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,4-Diketones Via the Michael-Stetter Reaction

Abstract The cyanide catalyzed 1,4-Michael addition of aldehydes to α, β-unsaturated ketones has been examined with regard to substituent effects. Adjustment of the donor/acceptor relationship allows for the synthesis of multisubstituted diaryl 1,4-diketones.
Robust stabilization for T-S Fuzzy control systems with parametric uncertainties via LMI approach

In this paper, the problem of relaxed robust quadratic stability condition for a class of uncertain nonlinear system is considered. The uncertain nonlinear systems are represented by T-S fuzzy model with uncertainties and a new quadratic robust stability condition is obtained by designing state feedback controller. The condition is represented in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and it has less conservative. The new method in this paper considers the interactions among all fuzzy subsystems by substitute the closed-loop fuzzy system into three parts. Finally, the T-S fuzzy model of the numerical system, which has complex nonlinearity, is developed as a test bed. The validity and applicability of the proposed approach are successfully demonstrated through simulations for the continuous-time nonlinear system.
A laboratory study to determine the effect of surface area and bead diameter on NMR relaxation rates of glass bead packs

A laboratory study was conducted to explore the relationship between pore size, pore surface-areato-volume ratio and NMR relaxation rates and to determine which geometric parameter best predicts the average NMR relaxation rate. NMR relaxation measurements were collected on watersaturated glass beads with controlled sets of bead diameters and surface areas. Four sets of beads were used with average diameters ranging from 55–1125 μm. The surface areas of the glass beads were altered by chemically treating the beads with a weak acid, a strong base and a cream commonly used to etch glass surfaces. Following the chemical treatments, the surface areas of the beads were quantified with krypton BET gas adsorption measurements. It was found that, for the range of bead diameters used in this study, relaxation did not strictly occur in the fast diffusion regime and, as such, the relaxation time associated with the peak of the largest mode in the distribution was found to more accurately represent the pore-scale geometry than the mean log relaxation time. Using the relaxation time associated with this peak, the results from this study show that the pore surface-area-to-volume ratio is a significantly better predictor of the surface relaxation rate than the mean grain radius (p = 0.014).
Investigation of the mechanism of ρ-induced four-nucleon pick-up reactions

Abstract In the first part of this paper, the α-transfer character of the (τ, 7 Be) reaction which is shown to be direct is examined in the light of two particular experimental features: (i) the variation of the cross section with the mass of the target nucleus, and (ii) the hindrance of ΔT ≠ 0 or ΔS ≠ 0 transitions. The experimental evidence indicates that the dominant mechanism in the (τ, 7 Be) reaction to low-lying states is a direct α-transfer. However, in the second part of the paper we investigate the possibility of a mechanism in which the two protons and two neutrons transferred are in a T = 1 state through an experimental study of the analogue process, the transfer of a 4 H-like fragment. The corresponding reaction, (τ, 7 Li), is found to proceed through a direct mechanism at forward angles. It is concluded, for the 19 F(τ, 7 Be) 15 N ground state transition, that the magnitude of the T = 1 transfer amplitude is approximately √0.2 times the total transition amplitude. A simple estimate of the (τ, 7 Li) and (ρ, 7 Be) reaction strengths. D 0 , suggests that 2p+2n, T = 1 clustering in light and medium nuclei is less probable than T = 0 α-clustering by almost two orders of magnitude.
To feel what others feel: two episodes from 18th century medicine

In the late 18th century two medical fashions—Mesmerism in France and the Perkins ‘tractor’ in the USA and England—appealed to the principle that a single universal force acts on all of us and is responsible for health and illness. This principle served both fashions well, as it made it all the easier for those who came within their force fields to experience the sort of sensations that other subscribers to the fashion also seemed to feel. The first research on what is now known as the placebo effect was in connection with these two movements. The propensity to feel what we suppose or imagine that others like us feel remains even now one of the channels of the placebo effect.
Educational webtool illustrating groundwater age effects on contaminant trends in wells.

Trends in concentrations of nonpoint-source contaminants in wells, springs, and streams are related to the history of contamination in groundwater recharge and the age distribution in the groundwater discharge. The age distribution in discharge depends on the groundwater age distribution in the aquifer and the subset of flowpaths that are sampled by the discharge. Groundwater travel times from recharge to discharge are variable; consequently, responses at discharge locations to changing contaminant loading in recharge can include delayed initial responses, dilution of peak concentrations, and prolonged flushing times. These effects are well understood in principle and have important consequences for water resource management (Eberts et al. 2013), but their implications may not be easy to visualize or communicate.
Application and assessment of ultrasonic inspection methods for flaw detection and characterization of manganese steel frogs

Ultrasonic nondestructive examination (NDE) has a long and successful history of application across a wide array of industries, including nuclear, aerospace, and transportation sectors. In coarse-grained, cast Manganese (Mn) steel frog components, NDE/inspection challenges are encountered both in-field (after the frogs have been installed on a rail line) and at the manufacturing facilities during post-fabrication QA/QC activities. Periodically inherently flawed frogs are received from a manufacturer, and put into service, as most railroad operators do not have a means to conduct pre-service examinations on received components. Accordingly, there is a need for a pre-service inspection system that can provide a rapid, cost-effective and non-intrusive inspection capability for detection of defects, flaws, and other anomalies in frog components, in order to avoid premature initiation of cracks or failures of these components during service. This study focused on evaluating use of a volumetric phased-array ultrasonic testing (PA-UT) method to monitor fabrication quality assurance. In this preliminary assessment of using PA-UT, data were acquired at a frequency of 2.0 MHz on a known, flawed Mn steel frog component directly from a manufacturing facility. The component contained flaws commonly found as a result of the manufacturing process of these cast rail components. The data were analyzed and the anomalies were detected, localized and characterized. Results were compared against baseline radiographic data. A detection metric was reported in the form of signal-to-noise values.
Distribution of A-δ and C-fiber receptors in the cervical facet joint capsule and their response to stretch

Background: It has been proposed that cervical facet joint capsules are a major source of whiplash pain. However, there is a paucity of neurophysiologic data to support this hypothesis. The purposes of this study were to determine the distribution of A-δ and C-fiber sensory receptors in the facet jo
III: Unveiling the past: Recent literature on national memory in the Czech republic

Zdenek Hojda and Jiri Pokorný, Pomniky a zapomniky (Monuments and Forgetting). Prague: Paseka, 1996, 280 pp. + illustrations. Vladimir Macura, Masarykove boty (Masaryk's Shoes). Prague, 1993, 99 pp. Jiri Rak, Bývali Cechove, Ceske historicke myty a stereotypy (Once Upon a Time, The Czechs Were. Czech Historical Myths and Stereotypes). Prague: Nakladatelstvi H & H, 1994, 149 pp. + illustrations. Vit Vinas, Jan Nepomucky,Ceska Legenda (Jan of Nepomuck. Czech Legend). Prague: Nakladadelstvi Mlada Fronta, 1993, 283 pp. + bibliography, chronology, illustrations.
12-Step Involvement and Treatment Outcomes Among Young Women With Substance Use Disorders

The extent to which young women with substance use disorders (SUDs) affiliate with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or other 12-Step groups is currently unclear. This administrative data analysis examined 12-Step involvement and its impact on outcome during the first 6 months following treatment among a sample of young adults attending 12-step–based residential treatment. Young women were just as likely as similar-aged young men to attend 12-Step meetings and engage in prescribed 12-Step practices like getting a sponsor. Frequency of meeting attendance predicted abstinence status and number of drinking days at 6 months in women, whereas 12-Step experiences (e.g., getting a sponsor, considering oneself an AA member) predicted drinking days in men. The results contribute to knowledge of SUDs and their treatment among women in their late teens and early twenties, a population that has been quite understudied in the literature.
Calcium absorption from milk in lactase-deficient and lactase-sufficient adults.

To determine whether lactose influences the absorption of calcium, the uptake of calcium from lactose-hydrolyzed milk and from unhydrolyzed milk was measured in 20 adults: 10 were lactase-deficient and 10 were lactase-sufficient as defined by breath hydrogen test, plasma glucose determination after oral lactose dose, and presence or absence of symptoms after lactose ingestion. On different days, each subject received either lactose-hydrolyzed or unhydrolyzed milk. Calcium absorption was measured by a double-isotope technique. In the lactase-deficient group, the mean absorptions were 33.5% from hydrolyzed milk and 36.2% from the same volume of unhydrolyzed milk (P>0.30). In the lactase-sufficient group, mean absorptions were 24.2% from hydrolyzed milk and 25.7% from unhydrolyzed milk. The mean calcium absorption from both lactose-hydrolyzed milk and unhydrolyzed milk was significantly greater (P<0.01) in the lactase-deficient group compared to the lactase-sufficient group, presumably reflecting lower dietary calcium intake in the former. These data indicate that, in lactase-deficient subjects, malabsorption of lactose does not affect calcium absorption.