cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
HIV-Associated Hodgkin Lymphoma

A 43-year-old man presented with a two month history of intermittent fevers and diarrhea. He was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and over the ensuing seven years had not been regularly compliant with his highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Past medical history was significant for hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and a poorly defined seizure disorder.
Subtype‐Specific Interactions and Prognosis in Cardiac Amyloidosis

Background Light chain (AL) and transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis have a similar effect on myocardial function but very different disease trajectories and survival. However, limited data are available evaluating subtype‐specific predictors of outcomes in a large contemporary cohort. Methods and Results We retrospectively investigated 360 patients at the time of initial diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (191 AL and 169 ATTR) from 2002 to 2014. Clinical, laboratory, electrical, and morphologic covariates were evaluated based upon amyloid subtype. ATTR etiology was associated with older age, more chronic medical conditions, and the use of standard heart failure medical therapy. Left ventricular mass index and electrocardiographic voltage were higher in ATTR, while there was no difference in ejection fraction or markers of diastology between subtypes. A multivariable Cox model was generated using previously identified predictors of negative outcomes in cardiac amyloidosis and analyzed after stratification for subsequent amyloid‐specific treatment. An AL etiology was the most predictive variable (hazard ratio 3.143, P P =0.015). The magnitude of effect of other variables on mortality did not significantly differ between subtypes. Conclusions Clinical, morphological, electrical, and biomarker data do not significantly interact with amyloid subtype in its association with mortality, despite the fact that the prognosis in each subtype differs greatly. This suggests an additional factor or factors (such as light chain toxicity) contributing to poorer outcomes in AL amyloid.
Experimental and Numerical Studies of Spectral Radiation Reabsorption on CO 2 Diluted Flames

*† ‡ The effects of spectral radiation absorption on the flame speed at normal and elevated pressures were experimentally and numerically investigated using the CO2 diluted outward propagating CH4-O2-He flames. Experimentally, the laminar burning velocities of CH4-O2He-CO2 mixtures at both normal and elevated pressures (up to 5 atm) were measured by using a pressure-release type spherical bomb. The results showed that radiation absorption with CO2 addition increases the flame speed and extends the flammability limit. In addition, it was also shown that the increase of pressure augments the effect of radiation absorption. Computationally, a fitted statistical narrow-band correlated-k (FSNB-CK) model was developed and validated for accurate radiation prediction in spherical geometry. This new radiation scheme was integrated to the HLLC Riemann solver for radiation prediction in a compressible reactive flow. The comparison between experiment and computation showed a very good agreement. The results showed that the flame geometry had a significant impact on radiation absorption and that the one-dimensional planar radiation model was not valid for the computation of the flame speed of a spherical flame. It was clearly demonstrated that the effect of radiation absorption increases with the pressure and flame size. An effective Boltzmann number was extracted from numerical simulation. Furthermore, the FSNB-CK model was compared with the grey band SNB model. It was shown that the grey band SNB model over-predicts the radiation absorption. It is concluded that any quantitative prediction of flame speed and flammability limit of CO2 diluted flame requires accurate spectral dependent radiation model.
Spectroscopic and Microscopic Investigation of Gold Nanoparticle Formation: Ligand and Temperature Effects on Rate and Particle Size

We report a spectroscopic and microscopic investigation of the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with average sizes of less than 5 nm. The slow reduction and AuNP formation processes that occur by using 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) as a reducing agent enabled a time-dependent investigation based on standard UV–vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. This is in contrast to other borohydride-based syntheses of thiolate monolayer protected AuNPs which form particles very rapidly. We investigated the formation of 1-octadecanethiol (ODT) protected AuNPs with average diameters of 1.5–4.3 nm. By studying the progression of nanoparticle formation over time, we find that the nucleation rate and the growth time, which are interlinked with the amount of ODT and the temperature, influence the size and the size dispersion of the AuNPs. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) analyses also suggest that the nanoparticles are highly single crystalline throughout the synthesis and appear to b...
Research Design on the Automatic Loading Device for Seismic Charge

The overall structure of an automatic loading device was presented based on the analysis for the filling-in process of powder seismic charge and demands for quality and security consideration.Several key structures such as gauging and laying-off unit,cam split unit,grabbing pipe unit,vibrating and compacting unit were studied and constructed through the employment of the constant capacity charging and the partial pressure charging ideologies.The experimental results showed that the partial pressure charging can effectively ensure the consistency and the homogeneity of loading density,a weight precision of powder charge of(1000±35)g,a density precision of powder charge of(1±0.05)g/cm3,which meet the requirement of the continuous and automatic manufacture process of powder seismic charge.
Integral Inequalities Over A Symmetric Convex Set

Two fundamental inequalities with greater generality will be studied in this chapter. Basically they involve the probability content of a convex set that is symmetric about the origin. The first inequality was obtained by Anderson (1955), and we have already seen a special case of it (Lemma 2.2.2) when applied to multivariate normal distribution. Generalizations of this inequality will be discussed in Section 4.2. The second inequality, due to Das Gupta, Eaton, Olkin, Perlman, Savage, and Sobel (1972), represents a generalization of an inequality of Sidak (see Theorem 2.2.5) and yields a number of new interesting results for the normal, t, chi-square, and F distributions.
Luteinizing hormone, testosterone, growth and carcass responses to sexual alteration in the ram.

SUMMARY A total of 130 ram lambs were used in a study to determine the effects of sex alteration on serum hormone levels, growth rate and carcass traits. Sex alteration included no treatment (intact rams), scrotal ablation to alter normal testicular secretion (short scrotum rams) and castration to completely remove influences derived from the testes (wethers). Although these data suggest that scrotal ablation at birth did not produce complete azoospermia in Finncrossbred rams, reduction (P<.01) in testicular weight did produce significant results. Serum testosterone in short scrotum and intact rams was similar, whereas castration resulted in considerably lower concentrations of this steroid (P<.01). On the other hand, serum luteinizing hormone was increased (P<.01) threefold in short scrotum rams and 12-fold in wethers as compared to that of intact rams. Because these results cannot be fully explained by changes in serum testosterone, it is speculated that changes in secretory products of the testis which accompany degeneration of the germinal epithelium are responsible for elevated luteinizing hormone. Post-weaning average daily gain (P(.01) and feed efficiency were highest in intact and short scrotum rams indicating that testosterone (or testis) may be beneficial. Although dressing percentage and adjusted backfat were highest
The Initial Embrace of Keynesianism in Australia

By placing the emergence and subsequent practice of Keynesianism into its historical and theoretical perspective, we may very well be able to fathom how it became unravelled.1 The present discussion, however, is not exclusively a focus on the extent or nature of the Keynesian consensus;2 more pertinent is the connection between the context of the acceptance and prominence of Keynesian social democracy, on the one hand, and the problems encountered and foreseen at the time in the new enterprise, on the other. If there is to be an insight into why there was abandonment — or at least substantial revision — of the Keynesian experiment, it is necessary for there to be an appreciation of the factors which brought it into being in the first place.
Maximizing the Supported Bilayer Phenomenon: Liposomes Comprised Exclusively of PEGylated Phospholipids for Enhanced Systemic and Lymphatic Delivery.

Traditional liposomes degrade into lower-order micelles when PEGylated to even minor degrees (6–7 mol %) and therefore can offer only limited steric exclusion against opsonization during in vivo delivery. In this work, we present for the first time a liposome coated exclusively by PEGylated phospholipids, utilizing lipid-coated calcium phosphate (CaP) cores of diverse sizes (10–15 nm, 30–40 nm) as well as varying polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain lengths (350–5000 Da). Such fully-PEGylated liposome calcium phosphate (LCP) particles exhibit a PEG chain length-dependent circulation longevity and robust immune evasion, while facilitating both strong accumulation within solid tumors upon intravenous injection and a more rapid and extensive lymphatic drainage upon subcutaneous administration. Further, these fully-PEGylated liposomes remain amenable to active targeting strategies which facilitate improved degrees of focused distribution and nanoparticle uptake, represent a lipid packing density commensurate with ...
Breast Cancer Before 40

Approximately 6 % of women with breast cancer are diagnosed before the age of 40, and this disease accounts for more than 40 % of all cancers in women in this age group. Historically, survival rates are worse for younger women when compared to older women; younger age has proven to be an independent predictor of adverse outcome in multivariate analysis. While the basic principles of chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery between younger and older women with breast cancer remain similar, endocrine therapy recommendations for pre- and postmenopausal patients have evolved quite substantially over the past 5 years. When planning local and systemic therapies for young women with breast cancer, the late effects of treatment (i.e., bone health) should be carefully considered. Other factors important to the optimal care of young women with breast cancer include risk of premature menopause, managing the risk of future infertility, impact of therapy on sexual and psychological health, and the implications of inherited cancer syndromes, specifically BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Internal curing of concrete using lightweight aggregates

ABSTRACTInternal cured concrete (ICC) has been recently used in the local and international construction markets. ICC contains surplus amount of water to compensate the shrinkage of the mix and the volumetric changes which result in early-age cracking of concrete. Concrete cracking is a direct result of the shrinkage of the water–cement paste during early stages of the hydration process and continues for a significant amount of time during the life span of the concrete section. Early-stage shrinkage, prior to the concrete hardening, is associated with volumetric changes, until final setting is achieved. Afterward, the reduction in cement paste particle size results in increased voids within the concrete structure. These voids result in increased permeability, additional sulfate and chloride attacks on steel reinforcement, and internal tensile stresses in concrete, which result in significant cracking. ICC uses the additional water added to the mix in counteracting the reduced volume of the concrete. Sever...
Chromatin landscapes and genetic risk in systemic lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system, complex disease in which the environment interacts with inherited genes to produce broad phenotypes with inter-individual variability. Of 46 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) shown to confer genetic risk for SLE in recent genome-wide association studies, 30 lie within noncoding regions of the human genome. We therefore sought to identify and describe the functional elements (aside from genes) located within these regions of interest. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing to identify epigenetic marks associated with enhancer function in adult neutrophils to determine whether enhancer-associated histone marks were enriched within the linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks encompassing the 46 SNPs of interest. We also interrogated available data in Roadmap Epigenomics for CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells to identify these same elements in lymphoid cells. All three cell types demonstrated enrichment of enhancer-associated histone marks compared with genomic background within LD blocks encoded by SLE-associated SNPs. In addition, within the promoter regions of these LD blocks, all three cell types demonstrated enrichment for transcription factor binding sites above genomic background. In CD19+ B cells, all but one of the LD blocks of interest were also enriched for enhancer-associated histone marks. Much of the genetic risk for SLE lies within or near genomic regions of disease-relevant cells that are enriched for epigenetic marks associated with enhancer function. Elucidating the specific roles of these noncoding elements within these cell-type-specific genomes will be crucial to our understanding of SLE pathogenesis.
Non-destructive Quality Testing of Battery Separators☆

Abstract The growing demand and new fields of application compel battery manufacturers to higher product quality. As the battery separator is the main safety element of a battery cell, defect-free separators are a prerequisite for safe lithium-ion batteries. Hence, typical production defects have to be reliably detected by 100-percent inspection methods. For that reason, this paper presents the design of a non-destructive inspection approach for battery separator quality testing. Based on a requirements analysis the most appropriate test method is selected. Subsequently, a detailed implementation concept is derived and proven within a real production scenario.
Mitochondria link metabolism and epigenetics in haematopoiesis

Due to their varied metabolic and signalling roles, mitochondria are important in mediating cell behaviour. By altering mitochondrial function, two studies now identify metabolite-induced epigenetic changes that have profound effects on haematopoietic stem cell fate and function.
Energy-Proportional Computing: A New Definition

A new energy-proportional computing model extends Barroso and Holzle's original definition for fixed-resource systems to aid in the design of more efficient modern systems with reconfigurable resources that can be varied at runtime.
Anticancer Activity of Ganoderic Acid DM: Current Status and Future Perspective.

Ganoderma lucidum is a mushroom that has a long history of medicinal use in the Far East countries as this mushroom is revered for its supposed miracle cures and life improving properties. Recently, this mushroom has come under scientific scrutiny to examine the possibility of finding biologically active compounds that may have an impact on human physiology. The main category of biologically active compounds produced in the G. lucidum, are the triterpenoids, which are known as Ganoderic Acids. In this review, we discuss one Ganoderic Acid in particular known as Ganoderic Acid-DM (GA-DM) that is extracted from the Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. We will discuss GA-DM as a potential therapeutic candidate for treating a number of diseases yet will focus on the potential to be used as an alternative or supplemental therapeutic agent in regards to various cancer types. The urge for this promising therapeutic agent is that GA-DM is capable of inducing cell death in cancer cells while exhibiting minimal toxicity to normal bystander cells. Furthermore, this review will look at GA-DM’s ability to stimulate an immune response in the tumor environment to potentially provide long-term protection from the malignant tumors. We will also discuss the known routes of administration of GA-DM and pose the advantages and disadvantages of each route in a comparative manner. Finally, we will cover current status of the roles GA-DM may have as a therapeutic agent in respect to different cancer types as wells as discuss about its future perspective as a therapeutic candidate in other diseases as well.
The CAD/NDE Interface — Designing for Inspectability

The push for higher reliability of structures requires that components be adequately inspected for critical flaws. In this computer age, however, it is becoming ever easier to design and develop high performance components with little regard for their inspectability. Time worn inspection “rules of thumb” often are just not good enough to assure the inspectability of a structure which embodies a combination of new geometries and new materials. What is needed is an on-line, analytical tool for the designer which provides quantitative assessment of inspectability levels and predicts the sensitivity of inspectability measures to NDE (nondestructive evaluation) system and component design parameters.
Using Peer Support to Reduce Fault-Tolerant Overhead in Distributed Shared Memories

We present a peer logging system for reducing performance overhead in fault-tolerant distributed shared memory systems. Our system provides fault-tolerant shared memory using individual checkpointing and rollback. Peer logging logs DSM modification messages to remote nodes instead of to local disks. We present results for implementations of our fault-tolerant technique using simulations of both TreadMarks, a software-only DSM, and Cashmere, a DSM using memory mapped hardware. We compare simulations with no fault tolerance to simulations with local disk logging and peer logging. We present results showing that fault-tolerant Treadmarks can be achieved with an average of 17% overhead for peer logging. We also present results showing that while almost any DSM protocol can be made fault tolerant, systems with localized DSM page meta-data have much lower overheads.
Confidentiality and consent in adolescent substance abuse: an update.

Physicians should honor confidentiality whenever possible when screening and treating adolescents for sensitive health conditions such as substance abuse. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.
Heritable Conditions Affecting Tissues of the Oral Cavity

The oral cavity is made up of complex and diverse tissues that provide a variety of highly specialized functions ranging from nuerosensory (e.g., taste) to nutritional/digestive functions (e.g., salivary digestion and mastication). Not surprisingly there is a substantial portion of the human genome used in making these unique diverse structures and allowing them to function appropriately. Consequently there are hundreds of conditions affecting the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Some of these conditions affect primarily or only the oral cavity, although others are associated with significant somatic manifestations. This chapter reviews some of these conditions providing the reader a framework for understanding hereditary pathologies of the oral cavity.
Survival of Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 on Inoculated Almonds after Commercial Fumigation with Propylene Oxide

Propylene oxide (PPO) is commonly used to reduce microbial populations in U.S. bulk raw almonds, but the process has not been validated for reduction of foodborne pathogens. The reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type (PT) 30 inoculated onto almonds was evaluated after exposure to a standard commercial PPO treatment. Almonds were inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 to approximately 8.0 log CFU/g after drying. Inoculated almonds were placed in bags designed for gaseous sterilization and positioned in the center of 900-kg bins or 22.7-kg boxes of warmed almonds. Almonds were further warmed to an initial temperature of 23 to 34°C, treated with PPO (0.5 kg/m3 for 4 h), and held for 0 or 2 days at 38 to 43°C followed by storage for 2 to 5 days at 15 to 18°C. Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 was recovered by vigorously shaking 100 g of almonds in 100 ml of Butterfield's phosphate buffer, plating onto tryptic soy or bismuth sulfite agar, and incubating at 35°C for 24 or 48 h, respectively. Population...
Hysteresis friction and nonlinear viscoelasticity of rubber composites

Abstract Evaluation of tire friction is essential from the perspective of enhancing vehicle performance and improving its safety. Earlier investigations have identified rubber adhesion and hysteresis as two fundamental mechanisms underlying tire friction. This contribution aims at analyzing the effect of nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of tire treads on their hysteresis friction coefficient. Tire tread is a composite material made of synthetic or natural rubber reinforced with particles such as carbon black or silica. Hysteresis that refers to energy dissipation during a cyclic deformation is an essential feature of mechanical behavior of rubber composites. The effect of nonlinear viscoelasticity of filled rubbers on the hysteresis friction of tire treads is not well understood. In this contribution, we use an analytical model to predict the hysteresis friction of filled rubbers sliding on a rough surface. The model accounts for the nonlinear viscoelasticity of the slider subjected to finite strains. It will be shown that the kinetic coefficient of friction directly correlates with the magnitude of strain. Comparison of model results against the experimental measurements for tire tread materials reveals that the predicted friction coefficients become comparable with experimental data at large strains (8–10%). This study suggests that the nonlinear viscoelasticity of tire treads needs to be taken into account in order to have a more realistic assessment of frictional performance of tires.
Continuity of Infant Well Care in a Community Health Center Resident Clinic.

Achieving patient continuity in resident continuity clinic is challenging. Patients, residents and primary care providers (PCP) benefit from this ongoing relationship. We examined rates of continuity of infant well care for first year pediatric residents (PL1) and associated factors in three clinics (W, E and K) in a community health center system. We collected the number of infants who had PL1 PCPs for academic years 2010, 2011 and 2012 and patient demographic data. We measured continuity using the usual provider of care method. We assessed rates of continuity, total numbers of infants and factors associated with continuity and medical home by Chi Square, ANOVA, Student’s t test and multivariate linear regression (SPSS version 21). 115 patients had a PL1 PCP and attended 408 visits with 19 residents. The mean number of infants seen per PL1 in each clinic was W 7.8 ± 2.2, E 3.8 ± 1.5 and K 3.7 ± 2.9 (p < .01). PL1 continuity percentage was 66% at W, 47% at E and 54% at K (p < .01). Total continuity of care for all providers at W was 70%, E 65% and K 60% (p < .01 W vs. K only). In multivariate linear regression, only continuity of care for all providers was associated with mean PL1 continuity with β of 2.24 (95% CI 1.13–3.34), p < .001. PL1 continuity differed significantly between clinic sites. The only predictor of PL1 well care continuity was total clinic continuity of care. Maximizing continuity through the Medical Home practice was significantly associated with increased resident continuity of care.
Characterizing the Impact of Women in Academic IR: A 12-Year Analysis.

Abstract Purpose To determine the representation of female interventional radiology (IR) investigators and elucidate possible gender-specific disparities. Materials and Methods We analyzed 4,884 original, peer-reviewed articles from 2006–2017 in the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology and CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology . Data abstraction and statistical analysis were performed for first and senior author gender, citations, and grants. Results We found that 84% of first authors and 91.4% of senior authors were male ( P .01). No significant difference was observed versus expected in terms of author gender collaboration combinations ( P = 1.00). Each year reflected a 0.3%–0.4% increase in articles published by women (first author: B-value: 0.3, P = .05; senior author: B-value: 0.4, P = .01). No difference was observed in citations or grants received between genders. Female authors received increasing citations and grants each year (citations: first author: B-value: 0.24, P = .05; senior author: B-value: 0.16, P = .15; grants: B-value: 0.88 , P = .02). Conclusions Women are equally as productive as men as determined by metrics such as number of publications, citations, and grants and are proportionally represented in the literature. No data indicating collaborative or citation/grant discrimination were observed, suggesting that the academic IR community is inclusive of its female constituents and equally respects their research contributions. Based on the statistically significant increases in female authorship observed in this 12-year study, this article reports encouraging trends for the future of women in interventional radiology.
Recent trends in nutrient and sediment loading to coastal areas of the conterminous U.S.: Insights and global context.

Abstract Coastal areas in the U.S. and worldwide have experienced massive population and land-use changes contributing to significant degradation of coastal ecosystems. Excess nutrient pollution causes coastal ecosystem degradation, and both regulatory and management efforts have targeted reducing nutrient and sediment loading to coastal rivers. Decadal trends in flow-normalized nutrient and sediment loads were determined for 95 monitoring locations on 88 U.S. coastal rivers, including tributaries of the Great Lakes, between 2002 and 2012 for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sediment. N and P loading from urban watersheds generally decreased between 2002 and 2012. In contrast, N and P trends in agricultural watersheds were variable indicating uneven progress in decreasing nutrient loading. Coherent decreases in N loading from agricultural watersheds occurred in the Lake Erie basin, but limited benefit is expected from these changes because P is the primary driver of degradation in the lake. Nutrient loading from undeveloped watersheds was low, but increased between 2002 and 2012, possibly indicating degradation of coastal watersheds that are minimally affected by human activities. Regional differences in trends were evident, with stable nutrient loads from the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico, but commonly decreasing N loads and increasing P loads in Chesapeake Bay. Compared to global rivers, coastal rivers of the conterminous U.S have somewhat lower TN yields and slightly higher TP yields, but similarities exist among land use, nutrient sources, and changes in nutrient loads. Despite widespread decreases in N loading in coastal watersheds, recent N:P ratios remained elevated compared to historic values in many areas. Additional progress in reducing N and P loading to U.S. coastal waters, particularly outside of urban areas, would benefit coastal ecosystems.
The Law Goes to Broadway

The article reviews the contributions that the law and lawyers have made to the world of theatre and to Broadway in particular.
Demobilization as Defection in Interventions against the Lord's Resistance Army

In response to the Lord's Resistance Army's tactic of kidnapping youth and conscripting them to fight, many different efforts have been made to convince these rebel abductees to surrender. Demobilization "come home" radio messages have helped encourage rebels to surrender for more than a decade. In recent years, however, international actors have begun framing these demobilization efforts as "defection messaging." This paper explores the linguistic and institutional shift and the effects of this type of thinking as demobilization programs travel further outside of Uganda.
Simulating surface energy fluxes using the variable-resolution Community Earth System Model (VR-CESM)

Recent advances in variable-resolution (VR) global models provide the tools necessary to investigate local and global impacts of land cover by embedding a high-resolution grid over areas of interest in a seamless and computationally efficient manner. We used two eddy covariance tower clusters in the Eastern USA to evaluate surface energy fluxes (latent heat, λE; sensible heat, H; net radiation, Rn; and ground heat, G) and surface properties (aerodynamic resistance to heat transfer, raero; Bowen ratio, β; and albedo, α) by uncoupled point simulations of the land-only Community Land Model (PTCLM4.5) and two coupled land–atmosphere Community Earth System Model (CESM1.3) simulations. The CESM simulations included a 1° uniform grid global simulation and global 1° simulation with a 0.25° refined VR grid over the Eastern USA. Tower clusters included the following plant functional types—broadleaf deciduous temperate (hardwood) forest, C3 non-Arctic grass (grass), a cropland, and needleleaf evergreen temperate (pine) forest. During the growing season, diurnal cycles of λE and H for grass and the cropland were simulated well by PTCLM4.5 and VR-CESM1.3; however, λE (H) was biased low (high) at the hardwood and pine forested sites, contributing to biases in β. Growing season Rn was generally well simulated by CLM4.5 and VR-CESM1.3; however, modeled elevated albedo (indicative of snow cover) persisted longer in winter and spring leading to large biases in Rn and α. The introduction of a VR grid does not adversely impact surface energy fluxes compared to 1° uniform grids and highlights the usefulness of this approach for future efforts to predict land–atmosphere fluxes across heterogeneous landscapes.
Peer Assisted Supervision and Support and Providers’ Use of Triple P- Positive Parenting Program

The current study sought to contribute to the literature by examining a possible method to promote use of an evidence-based parenting intervention, Triple P, in a large-scale implementation effort. The study was designed to examine (a) the association between attendance at Peer Assisted Supervision and Support (PASS) sessions and use of Triple P with parents among providers in a state-wide adoption of Triple P and (b) characteristics of providers most likely to attend peer supervision. In addition, we examined fidelity to the PASS model and providers’ perceived fit of Triple P with typical services as moderators of the link between attendance at supervision sessions and providers’ use of Triple P. Two hundred seventy-six Triple P accredited providers from seven county or county clusters across North Carolina completed a 19-question survey about their experiences with Triple P, including their use of the intervention, perceived fit of the intervention to their clients’ needs, fidelity to the Triple P peer assisted supervision and support (PASS) model, and attendance at peer support sessions. Correlational analyses revealed that providers who more often attended peer support sessions used Triple P with more parents. Results of hierarchical linear regression models indicated that fidelity to the PASS model and providers’ perceived fit were not significant moderators. This study highlights the potential importance of attending PASS sessions in terms of using Triple P to serve families. Implications of the findings for implementation of Triple P and other evidence-based parenting interventions and suggestions for further studies are provided.
Simply Small Men? Examining Differences Between Females and Males Radicalized in the United States

From Leila Khaled to women who joined the Islamic State, it seems clear that radical ideologies know no gender bounds. Despite this history of women’s involvement in terrorist movements and a growing amount of research on women and political violence, there have been few attempts to contrast radicalized females from their male counterparts, either in terms of broad demographic characteristics or more specifically according to ideological orientation. We remedy this shortcoming in two steps. First, we examine previous work to understand both how females may differ from males in terms of their recruitment and radicalization process but also how these differences may manifest across various ideologies. Second, using the Profiles of Individual Radicalization in the United States database, we compare radicalized U.S. females to radicalized U.S. males both as an aggregate group and across different ideological groupings. This work provides simple but important insights for scholars and policy makers examining t...
ENVIRONMENTALLY-DOMINATED FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH MODEL FOR ALLOY 718

ABSTRACT This paper presents a quantitative model to predict fully time-dependent fatigue crack growth behavior of Alloy 718 at 650°C. This model is based on the concept of incremental grain boundary ductility decohesion by the chemical-mechanical interaction along the predominant intergranular path at the crack tip. In this, the influence of oxygen on forming selective oxides resulting in the decrease of grain boundary ductility is balanced by the viscoplastic strain field exerted on this boundary due to external forces. These problems have been modelled through the simultaneous use of the two-stage crack tip oxidation concept (Andrieu, 1987) and the small scale yielding approach by Riedel and Rice (1980). The model is examined by applying it to predict crack growth rate due to loadings with and without hold time at minimum load level. Good agreement is observed between predicted results and those experimentally obtained. The model is then simplified into a closed form equation in which the coefficient and exponent display dependency on the loading frequency. The form of this equation conforms to published models that have been developed purely on the basis of experimental observations. It was concluded that the model is capable of correctly reflecting the characteristic of the fatigue crack-growth process within the oxidation-dominated domain.
Culture builders: A historical anthropology of middle-class life

(1991). Culture builders: A historical anthropology of middle-class life. History of European Ideas: Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 817-824.
Ethnic Differences in the Association Between Pain and Social Support in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans

OBJECTIVE Although past research has identified differences in pain between non-Latino white (NLW) and Latino persons, few studies have focused on the influence of social support. The purpose of the present study was to determine if the association between the number of social support sources and ratings of pain intensity and pain interference differed as a function of ethnicity. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System. SUBJECTS Participants were NLW (N = 389) and Latino (N = 207) Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. METHODS Linear regression analyses were used to examine the interaction between ethnicity and number of social support sources on pain intensity and pain interference as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pain inventory. RESULTS The association between number of social support sources and pain intensity and interference significantly differed by ethnicity (P < 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). Among NLW veterans, there was a significant negative association between number of social support sources and pain intensity. Among Latino veterans, there was a significant positive association between number of social support sources and pain intensity and interference. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest important differences between NLW and Latino Iraq and Afghanistan veterans in the association between social support and pain. Future research should examine ethnic differences in pain-specific support received from the social environment.
Negotiating Conflict in Lebanon: Bordering Practices in a Divided Beirut: by Mohamad Hafeda, I.B. Taurus & Co. Ltd, 2019, $ 22.58 US (pbk) and $ 69.18 (hbk), ISBN 978-1-83860-377-9

Border studies are no longer confined to recognizing physical borders at international boundaries, as the field has moved into recognizing non-traditional conceptions of boundaries; immaterial, eph...
A retrospective qualitative report of symptoms and safety from transcranial focused ultrasound for neuromodulation in humans.

Low intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a promising method of non-invasive neuromodulation that uses mechanical energy to affect neuronal excitability. LIFU confers high spatial resolution and adjustable focal lengths for precise neuromodulation of discrete regions in the human brain. Before the full potential of low intensity ultrasound for research and clinical application can be investigated, data on the safety of this technique is indicated. Here, we provide an evaluation of the safety of LIFU for human neuromodulation through participant report and neurological assessment with a comparison of symptomology to other forms of non-invasive brain stimulation. Participants (N = 120) that were enrolled in one of seven human ultrasound neuromodulation studies in one laboratory at the University of Minnesota (2015–2017) were queried to complete a follow-up Participant Report of Symptoms questionnaire assessing their self-reported experience and tolerance to participation in LIFU research (Isppa 11.56–17.12 W/cm2) and the perceived relation of symptoms to LIFU. A total of 64/120 participant (53%) responded to follow-up requests to complete the Participant Report of Symptoms questionnaire. None of the participants experienced serious adverse effects. From the post-hoc assessment of safety using the questionnaire, 7/64 reported mild to moderate symptoms, that were perceived as ‘possibly’ or ‘probably’ related to participation in LIFU experiments. These reports included neck pain, problems with attention, muscle twitches and anxiety. The most common unrelated symptoms included sleepiness and neck pain. There were initial transient reports of mild neck pain, scalp tingling and headache that were extinguished upon follow-up. No new symptoms were reported upon follow up out to 1 month. The profile and incidence of symptoms looks to be similar to other forms of non-invasive brain stimulation.
Career Counselors Self-Disclosing to First-Generation College Students: A Grounded Theory Study

Financial security is cited among reasons why first-generation college students (FGCS) pursue higher education, yet the literature advocating the pursuit of a bachelor’s degree for its perceived va...
Longer electromechanical delay in paretic triceps surae muscles during voluntary isometric plantarflexion torque generation in chronic hemispheric stroke survivors

Electromechanical delay (EMD) is the time delay between the onset of muscle activity and the onset of force/joint torque. This delay appears to be linked to muscular contraction efficiency. However, to our knowledge, limited evidence is available regarding the magnitude of the EMD in stroke-impaired muscles. Accordingly, this study aims to quantify the EMD in both paretic and non-paretic triceps surae muscles of chronic hemispheric stroke survivors, and to investigate whether the EMD is related to voluntary force-generating capacity in this muscle group. Nine male chronic stroke survivors were asked to perform isometric plantarflexion contractions at different force levels and at different ankle joint angles ranging from maximum plantarflexion to maximum dorsiflexion. The surface electromyograms were recorded from triceps surae muscles. The longest EMD among triceps surae muscles was chosen as the EMD for each side. Our results revealed that the EMD in paretic muscles was significantly longer than in non-paretic muscles. Moreover, both paretic and non-paretic muscles showed a negative correlation between the EMD and maximum torque-generating capacity. In addition, there was a strong positive relationship between the EMD and shear wave speed in paretic muscles as well as a negative relationship between the EMD and passive ankle joint range of motion. These findings imply that the EMD may be a useful biomarker, in part, associated with contractile and material properties in stroke-impaired muscles.
Paramilitarism without paramilitaries: 'Tres Caínes' and the representation of paramilitarism on Colombian TV screens

The goal of this article is to analyse the representation of the Colombian armed conflict in the controversial TV series Tres Caines (2013), which dramatizes the history of paramilitarism in Colombia through a biographical story of the lives of the three brothers Castano Gil, the leaders and founders of Colombia’s biggest paramilitary group, the Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (AUC). I argue that Tres Caines represents the war through a rhetoric that is close to human rights and transnational justice perspectives, portraying its characters according to a dichotomy between victim and victimizer. Although the series purports to take a neutral position in the conflict, and condemns individual paramilitary leaders, it simultaneously salvages the ideology of paramilitarism, and thereby indirectly supports the political project of Alvaro Uribe Velez. Because of this, despite apparently taking a pacifist stance, the series constitutes a cultural product that works against peace in Colombia, and is an example of how humanitarian discourse can be easily exploited in the service of warmongering and reactionary messaging.
The Natural Born Citizen Clause as Originally Understood

Article II of the Constitution requires that the President be a “natural born Citizen.” The phrase is derived from English common law, and the Supreme Court requires examination of that law to ascertain the phrase’s definition. This piece presents the pertinent English sources, combined with statements by early American jurists. Based on a reading of these materials, the article concludes that, in the eyes of the Framers, a presidential candidate must be born within the United States. The article is important because there has been a candidate who “pushed the envelope” on this question in many elections over the last 50 years, and no article in the last century has correctly explained the common law definition. This article is timely because there is again such a candidate for president as Sen. Ted Cruz was born in Canada.
Neonatal Outcomes after Uterus Transplantation: Dallas Uterus Transplant Study.

Objective Limited data are available on the outcome of infants born after uterus transplantation. Our aim was to describe the hospital course and laboratory findings in the first 2 months of life of the 12 infants born in the Dallas UtErus Transplant Study (DUETS). Study Design Based on the trial protocol, information about infants was collected in a prospective fashion, including infant demographics, hospital course, and laboratory values. Results Twelve infants were delivered, all by cesarean section, from 11 mothers who had undergone uterus transplantation (one mother had two pregnancies and delivered two babies). All pregnancies were singleton. The mothers received immunosuppressive therapy, and one had a rejection episode that was detected during pregnancy. The rejection episode resolved after steroid treatment. The infants had a median gestational age of 366/7 weeks (range: 306/7–380/7 weeks) and median birth weight of 2,920 g (range: 1,770–3,470 g). The lowest Apgar's score at 5 minutes was 8. All infants were appropriate size for gestational age. Two infants presented with bandemia but negative blood cultures. At 2 months of age, all infants achieved the developmental and behavioral milestones outlined by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Conclusion The 12 infants born from mothers with uterus transplants had a neonatal course that reflected the gestational age at delivery. No baby was born with an identified malformation or organ dysfunction. Longer follow-up and a larger number of infants are needed to confirm these observations. Key Points
Quantum limits on noise for a class of nonlinear amplifiers

Nonlinear amplifiers such as the transistor are ubiquitous in classical technology, but their quantum analogs are not well understood. We introduce a class of nonlinear amplifiers that amplify any normal operator and add only a half quantum of vacuum noise at the output. In the large-gain limit, when used in conjunction with a noisy linear detectors, these amplifiers implement ideal measurements of the normal operator.
The Acute and Persisting Impact of COVID-19 on Trajectories of Adolescent Depression: Sex Differences and Social Connectedness.

Abstract Background : The COVID-19 era is a time of unprecedented stress, and there is widespread concern regarding its short- and long-term mental health impact. Adolescence is a sensitive period for the emergence of latent psychopathology vulnerabilities, often activated by environmental stressors. The present study examined COVID-19’s impact on adolescent depression and possible influences of different domains of social connectedness (loneliness, social media use, social video game time, degree of social activity participation). Methods : A community sample of 175 adolescents (50.1% boys, mean age=16.01 years) completed questionnaires once before and twice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Piecewise growth modeling examined the acute (7 weeks) and persistent (8 months) effects of COVID-19 on depressive symptoms, and differences across sex and social connectedness. Results : Significant increases in depressive symptoms followed pandemic onset for boys and girls. However, this increase was earlier and more pronounced among girls than boys, whose depression only increased significantly during the persistent period and to a lesser degree. Trajectories of depression were influenced by loneliness and social connections. Limitations : Most participants had economic stability and minimal exposure to the virus. Exacerbation of depressive symptoms may be more severe in higher risk populations. Conclusions : Adolescent depression levels have increased during COVID-19, and are higher for girls and those who are lonely. Enhanced screening and management for adolescent depression and social connectedness could play a critical role in mitigating the negative mental health fallout of COVID-19 and future pandemics within this population.
Gotcha: Working memory prioritization from automatic attentional biases.

Attention is an important resource for prioritizing information in working memory (WM), and it can be deployed both strategically and automatically. Most research investigating the relationship between WM and attention has focused on strategic efforts to deploy attentional resources toward remembering relevant information. However, such voluntary attentional control represents a mere subset of the attentional processes that select information to be encoded and maintained in WM (Theeuwes, Journal of Cognition, 1[1]: 29, 1–15, 2018). Here, we discuss three ways in which information becomes prioritized automatically in WM—physical salience, statistical learning, and reward learning. This review integrates findings from perception and working memory studies to propose a more sophisticated understanding of the relationship between attention and working memory.
On Sandwich Theorems Results for Certain Univalent Functions Defined by Generalized Operators

In this present paper, we obtain some differential subordination and superordination results, by using generalized operators for certain subclass of analytic functions in the open unit disk. Also, we derive some sandwich results.