cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Exploring machine learning techniques for identification of cues for robot navigation with a LIDAR scanner

In this paper, we report on our explorations of machine learning techniques based on backpropagation neural networks and support vector machines in building a cue identifier for mobile robot navigation using a LIDAR scanner. We use synthetic 2D laser data to identify a technique that is most promising for actual implementation in a robot, and then validate the model using realistic data. While we explore data preprocessing applicable to machine learning, we do not apply any specific extraction of features from the raw data; instead, our feature vectors are the raw data. Each LIDAR scan represents a sequence of values for measurements taken from progressive scans (with angles vary from 0° to 180°); i.e., a curve plotting distances as a functions of angles. Such curves are different for each cue, and so can be the basis for identification. We apply varied grades of noise to the ideal scanner measurement to test the capability of the generated models to accommodate for both laser inaccuracy and robot motion. Our results indicate that good models can be built with both back-propagation neural network applying Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shannon (BFGS) optimization, and with Support Vector Machines (SVM) assuming that data shaping took place with a [−0.5, 0.5] normalization followed by a principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, we show that SVM can create models much faster and more resilient to noise, so that is what we will be using in our further research and can recommend for similar applications.
Macromolecule synthesis leading to cell division in Tetrahymena pyriformis after replacement of required amino acids

Tetrahymena pyriformis W were brought to a nonmultiplying state by removal of required amino acids from their growth medium. After amino-acid replacement, the incorporation rates of H3-uridine, H3-thymidine and H3-leucine were measured by the autoradiographic method. Following amino-acid replacement, the first response was detected in RNA synthesis, then protein synthesis, then DNA synthesis and, lastly, in cell division. Amino-acid deprived cells showed a 23% net increase in DNA content, a result supporting the view of others that protein synthesis is not necessary for the initiation of DNA synthesis but is necessary for the maintainance of DNA synthesis.
Depot fat mobilization in spinal cord sectioned and restrained rats.

SummaryMale rats were subjected to spinal cord section and restraint during 24-hour fast. Both sham operation and cord section increased movement of fat from epididymal depots. Sham cord section plus restraint resulted in even greater rate of lipid movement; whereas, section plus restraint inhibited fat mobilization.
Marketing in Finland

Many readers will be surprised to learn of the timely marketing practices and institutions which characterize the small nation of Finland.Its “Americana” marketing appearance, exemplified by planne...
End-Member Formulation of Solid Solutions and Reactive Transport

A model for incorporating solid solutions into reactive transport equations is presented based on an end-member representation. Reactive transport equations are solved directly for the composition and bulk concentration of the solid solution. Reactions of a solid solution with an aqueous solution are formulated in terms of an overall stoichiometric reaction corresponding to a time-varying composition and exchange reactions, equivalent to reaction end-members. Reaction rates are treated kinetically using a transition state rate law for the overall reaction and a pseudo-kinetic rate law for exchange reactions. The composition of the solid solution at the onset of precipitation is assumed to correspond to the least soluble composition, equivalent to the composition at equilibrium. The stoichiometric saturation determines if the solid solution is super-saturated with respect to the aqueous solution. The method is implemented for a simple prototype batch reactor using Mathematica for a binary solid solution. Finally, the sensitivity of the results on the kinetic rate constant for a binary solid solution is investigated for reaction of an initially stoichiometric solid phase with an undersaturated aqueous solution.
Parent-Implemented Communication Intervention: Sequential Analysis of Triadic Relationships.

Collaboration with parents and caregivers to support young children’s communication development is an important component to early intervention services. Coaching parents to implement communication...
Disparities in access to preventive health care services among insured children in a cross sectional study

Children with insurance have better access to care and health outcomes if their parents also have insurance. However, little is known about whether the type of parental insurance matters. This study attempts to determine whether the type of parental insurance affects the access to health care services of children.I used data from the 2009-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and estimated multivariate logistic regressions (N = 26,152). I estimated how family insurance coverage affects the probability that children have a usual source of care, well-child visits in the past year, unmet medical and prescription needs, less than 1 dental visit per year, and unmet dental needs.Children in families with mixed insurance (child publicly insured and parent privately insured) were less likely to have a well-child visit than children in privately insured families (odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.76-0.98). When restricting the sample to publicly insured children, children with privately insured parents were less likely to have a well-child visit (odds ratio = 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.73-0.92), less likely to have a usual source of care (odds ratio = 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.67-0.94), and more likely to have unmet dental needs (odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.10-2.58).Children in families with mixed insurance tend to fare poorly compared to children in publicly insured families. This may indicate that children in these families may be underinsured. Expanding parental eligibility for public insurance or subsidizing private insurance for children would potentially improve their access to preventive care.
Molecular Targets of Coffee Phytochemicals Caffeic Acid and Chlorogenic Acid in Chemoprevention

Abstract Even though the health benefits and risks of coffee consumption have been debated for decades, epidemiological and animal studies are contradictory. Coffee includes a complex mixture of compounds, including various highly active phenols. Carcinogenesis is a complicated process involving hundreds of genes and gene products that regulate innumerable cellular functions. An emerging opinion is that cancer might be prevented with small molecules that target specific or multiple cancer genes or signaling proteins. Promising small molecule inhibitors include dietary factors—hence the interest in coffee and its role in chemoprevention. However, developing dietary factors or phytochemicals as anticancer agents is based on discovering specific molecular targets. We have shown that phytochemicals with defined mechanisms of action based on molecular target identification can be linked to successful drug discovery. This review chapter focuses on the anticancer effects and molecular targets of coffee, especially the caffeoylquinic acids and their phenolic degradation products.
Cilia and Nuclear Pore Proteins: Pore No More?

Nuclear pore proteins at the base of cilia were thought to regulate transport into cilia. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Del Viso et al. (2016) challenge this view, showing instead that pore proteins localize to ciliary basal bodies and that their perturbation leads to congenital heart disease.
Nutrition Education Resources in North Carolina-Based Head Start Preschool Programs: Administrator and Teacher Perceptions of Availability and Use.

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to provide new insight into common barriers to the availability and use of nutrition education (NE) resources in Head Start preschool programs based on administrator and teacher perceptions. Methods In-depth, semistructured phone interviews (n = 63) were conducted with administrators (n = 31) and teachers (n = 32) from North Carolina–based Head Start programs. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed qualitatively using content analysis to identify common themes. Results Five emergent themes were identified within the areas of NE resource availability and use and barriers to NE resource availability and use. Participants expressed desire for greater organization of existing NE material resources, increased community support, and professional development opportunities for teachers specific to NE. Funding and time constraints were reported as affecting NE resources. Conclusions and Implications Creative strategies for addressing NE resource availability and use and barriers (eg, NE integration with educational standards) in Head Start are needed.
A High-Performance Multi-Match Priority Encoder for TCAM-Based Packet Classifiers

This paper introduces a high-speed and low power multi-match priority encoder design applicable in many computer and networking systems. We propose a scalable multi-match prioritizer logic circuitry that can successively find all or the first r matched inputs in a set. The design is well suited for multi-match packet classification tasks that utilize content addressable memories as the search engine. We use a data partitioning scheme to efficiently reorganize input data for further performance improvement. A VLSI implementation of our design in 0.18?m technology can achieve speed that outperforms the conventional multi-match packet classifier design by more than an order of magnitude. Overall power consumption is reduced by more than 40% using innovative partitioning which limits the search to a small portion of TCAM cells.
Keynotes: From geo-referenced pixels to knowledge

Our planet is photographed on a daily basis by dozens of imaging satellites, hundreds of airplanes and drones, and thousands of cars collecting street-level imagery. This imagery is critical to consumer products such as Google Earth or Google Street View, which let users travel virtually and explore any destination around the world. In addition, it is used by governments and commercial entities to make financial decisions, drive policy, or enforce laws, among other use cases. Increasingly though, it is not the geo-referenced pixels themselves that are consumed by end-users, it is knowledge that has been derived from these pixels. For example, searching for an address on Google Maps translates into calling a geocoding service whose geographic index of addresses is increasingly derived from Street View pixels house numbers observed in Street View's accurately geo-referenced panoramas are used to generate this index, yet these panoramas do not need to be shown to users as a result of their search. In this talk, I will give an overview of Google's efforts to capture and organize high-quality, fresh geographic imagery where it matters most. I'll then explain how recent advances in computer vision and deep learning in particular are trans-forming the way this imagery is being used to derive map data, local data, business intelligence, and power new consumer and business use cases.
Predicaments of Territorial Democracy and Statecraft in Europe: How European Democracies Regiment Migratory Movements

Once viewed as minor irritants, asylum seekers, refugees, and immigrants in the broadest sense are increasingly seen as sources of change and transformation for the places they affect.2 Scholars and policymakers alike seem to concur on this point, though arriving at different interpretive conclusions as to the nature of changes spurred by refugees and immigrants. Most governmental commentaries on the issue see adverse or deleterious consequences in human movements. The Political Committee of the North Atlantic Assembly, for example, calls immigration and asylum "a shortand medium-term security risk" requiring both prompt policy responses and long-term developmental solutions. Rudolf Seiters, the German interior minister in 1993, speaks of population movements as representing a threat to political stability in the whole of Western Europe. Echoing the same theme, Kenneth Clarke, then the British home secretary, intimates that "good race relations and a healthy sense of community depend on an effective system of strict immigration control." "Illegal immigration and asylum threaten the nation-state as a source of identity and cohesion," says Charles Pasqua, the former French interior minister.3 In the academic realm, an increasing number of scholars4 agree on the significance of international migration in its varying forms for
Next steps to improve disparities in lung cancer treatment clinical trial enrollment.

Cancer treatment clinical trials provide access to cutting-edge treatments. Treatment trial results are often used to guide clinical recommendations, decision-making, policies, and further intervention development to treat cancer patients in both academic centers and the community. In the USA, adults enroll in cancer treatment trials at very low rates and participants do not represent the USA cancer population (1). Because their primary objective is to assess efficacy, oncology clinical trials have stringent enrollment criteria. Compared to the general population of adults with cancer, patients that enroll in cancer treatment trials are disproportionately younger, male, physically fit, and are less likely to be from minority racial and ethnic groups (2,3). Assuring representative population heterogeneity in clinical trials is critical to assessing treatment safety and efficacy across diverse patients and assuring subsequent effectiveness among all members of the broader population. With the current trend toward personalized medicine, emerging treatments are often tailored for specific genotypes making enrollment of racially diverse groups particularly salient (4). As lung cancer is the leading cause of USA cancer deaths, lung cancer treatment trials stand to make a huge contribution in improving population cancer mortality.
Availability of datasets for digital forensics And what is missing

This paper targets two main goals. First, we want to provide an overview of available datasets that can be used by researchers and where to find them. Second, we want to stress the importance of sharing datasets to allow researchers to replicate results and improve the state of the art. To answer the first goal, we analyzed 715 peer-reviewed research articles from 2010 to 2015 with focus and relevance to digital forensics to see what datasets are available and focused on three major aspects: (1) the origin of the dataset (e.g., real world vs. synthetic), (2) if datasets were released by researchers and (3) the types of datasets that exist. Additionally, we broadened our results to include the outcome of online search results. We also discuss what we think is missing. Overall, our results show that the majority of datasets are experiment generated (56.4%) followed by real world data (36.7%). On the other hand, 54.4% of the articles use existing datasets while the rest created their own. In the latter case, only 3.8% actually released their datasets. Finally, we conclude that there are many datasets for use out there but finding them can be challenging.
ImageJ and Fiji

Software is an essential tool for the scanning electron microscopist and X-ray microanalyst (SEMXM). In the past, software was an important optional means of augmenting the electron microscope and X-ray spectrometer, permitting powerful additional analysis and enabling new characterization methods that were not possible with bare instrumentation. Today, however, it is simply not possible to function as an SEMXM practitioner without using at least a minimal amount of software. A graphical user interface (GUI) is an integral part of how the operator controls the hardware on most modern microscopes, and in some cases it is the only interface. Even many seemingly analog controls such as focus knobs, magnification knobs, or stigmators are actually digital interfaces mounted on hand-panel controllers that connect to the microscope control computer via a USB interface.
Trauma and transfusion in the geriatric patient.

Purpose of review The percentage of people over the age of 65 is growing rapidly and anesthesiologists must develop a medical understanding that is comprehensive to meet the unique medical needs of this population. The changing physiology of an elderly population makes them extremely vulnerable to trauma and the administration of blood products. Although most of these cases involve orthopedic attention, it is not less dangerous as a blunt trauma case. Recent findings This article addresses some of the main concerns for the anesthesiologists of providing a hemostatic resuscitation in the geriatric population. Should blood that is new lead to better outcomes than blood that was collected more than 14 days from the injury? What role does patient frailty have in trauma and transfusion outcomes? Is the massive transfusion protocol safe for the geriatric population? As this subset of the population grows, the number of patients on anticoagulation therapy will grow. Knowledge of the bone marrow plays an important role in geriatric trauma. How does head trauma in the elderly differ from the younger patient? Summary The information in this article is by no means comprehensive. Nongeriatric trauma protocols are far from being validated. Applying these protocols to the geriatric protocols must be investigated in terms of safety and benefits.
The future of behavioral pharmacology

This issue of Federation Proceedings contains the papers given at the 2-day symposium, Current Status of Behavioral Pharmacology, which took place at the Federation meetings in 1974. We have here a survey of many of the most exciting fields of this discipline, from some of its most significant practitioners. The readers will also see that the word “future” in the title of this introductory essay is most suitable, since the issues and approaches that appear in the succeeding pages surely will dominate behavioral pharmacology for at least the next few years.
Communicative Principle and Communication

Recent pragmatic theories agree that the decisive feature of human verbal communication is its inferential nature. Out of the three main elements of inferential intention-recognition: meaning of utterances, contextual and background assumptions, and communicative principles, the latter has generated most debate. Cooperation and relevance have emerged as a possible basis for a communicative principle that regulates verbal communication. According to Grice and neo-Gricean researchers, inferential intention-recognition is governed by a cooperative principle and maxims, which speakers are expected to observe. the supporters of the relevance theory argued that cooperation is not essential to communication, and suggested a reduction of Grice's maxims to a single principle of relevance. According to their view, a rational speaker will choose an utterance that will provide the hearer with a maximum number of contextual implications in a minimum processing effort.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MEANINGFUL CONSERVATION EQUATIONS IN RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS FOR THE SOURCES OF CLASSICAL FIELDS

Relativistic quantum theory for a free particle, such as the Dirac theory, yields continuity equations for tensor bilinear densities that lead to conservation laws for the physical properties of that particle. It is shown here that the same continuity equations serve as the source equations for classical fields produced by the particle and described by the Clifford algebra C4. The continuity equations must yield physically meaningful conservation laws in order to produce classical fields which also are physically meaningful and correct. Specifically, the charge-current conservation equation leads directly to the correct classical Maxwell electromagnetic equations if the sign of the charge is indefinite. Similarly, the energy-momentum conservation equation leads to a classical theory of gravity if the sign of the energy tensor is positive-definite. The equations obtained, although very different from those of general relativity, agree with all the current gravitation experiments.
Vom Rechner zum Computernetz

Computer waren zunachst nur einzelne programmgesteuerte Maschinen zur automatischen Datenverarbeitung. Bis in die 60er Jahre waren sie nur von einem Experten zu bedienen, der nacheinander grose Datenmengen abarbeiten lies. Seit den 70er Jahren konnten mehrere Experten gleichzeitig an einer Maschine arbeiten (‚Time Sharing‘). Die Mikroprozessorentechnik der 80er Jahre erlaubte es, die Zentraleinheit eines Rechners auf einem einzigen Chip unterzubringen. Damit wurden kleine und preiswerte Arbeitsplatzrechner moglich, deren Rechenzeit nicht mehr auf mehrere Nutzer verteilt werden muste. Zudem sorgte eine verbesserte Benutzeroberflache fir eine massenhafte Verbreitung. Mit zunehmender Vernetzung verwandeln sich Computer seit den 90er Jahren in Kommunikationssysteme. Steigerung der Rechenleistungen macht zudem multimediale Nutzung und den Einstieg in die komplexen Datenraume virtueller Realitat moglich. Mit Parallelrechner und Supercomputer gelingen immer komplexere Computersimulationen. Die Datenbanken der Computernetze sind das Gedachtnis der Wissensgesellschaft.
Continuous Phase Estimation for Phase-Locked Neural Stimulation Using an Autoregressive Model for Signal Prediction*

Neural oscillations enable communication between brain regions. Closed-loop brain stimulation attempts to modify this activity by stimulation locked to the phase of concurrent neural oscillations. If successful, this may be a major step forward for clinical brain stimulation therapies. The challenge for effective phase-locked systems is accurately calculating the phase of a source oscillation in real time. The basic operations of filtering the source signal to a frequency band of interest and extracting its phase cannot be performed in real time without distortion. We present a method for continuously estimating phase that reduces this distortion by using an autoregressive model to predict the future of a filtered signal before passing it though the Hilbert transform. This method outperforms published approaches on real data and is available as a reusable open-source module. We also examine the challenge of compensating for the filter phase response and outline promising directions of future study.
The Role of Visual Feedback and Age When Grasping, Transferring and Passing Objects in Virtual Environments

ABSTRACTVisual feedback about one’s own movements can be important for effective performance in natural and computer-generated environments. Previous work suggested that, for young adults, performa...
Examining a novel firefighter exercise training program on simulated fire ground test performance, cardiorespiratory endurance, and strength: a pilot investigation.

Firefighting is a dangerous occupation with high rates of injuries and fatalities, with the majority of line of duty fatalities due to cardiovascular events. Additionally, firefighters struggle with poor health/low levels of fitness, including high (> 80%) rates of overweight and obesity. Limited resources exist for fire departments that are tailored to the culture and work requirements of these “tactical athletes”. Though there has been increasing interest in high intensity functional training (HIFT) programs, research data are lacking among firefighters and few studies have focused on training recruits. The purpose of this pilot investigation was to examine a novel HIFT program (TF20) on fire academy recruits’ health, fitness, and performance as determined by a simulated fire ground test (SFGT), as well as determining the program’s acceptability and feasibility. Thirteen participants were recruited from an entry level fire academy and were randomly assigned to the control (CG, n = 6) or HIFT group (TF20, n = 7). The CG was asked to continue current exercise habits. TF20 was provided a 10-week online based training program that included periodized workouts, nutritional information, and mental readiness education. Due to attrition within the first two weeks of the study, 10 male fire recruits (23 ± 3 years) completed the study (CG, n = 3, TF20, n = 7). All 10 participants completed baseline and follow-up assessments. The TF20 group showed improvement on numerous outcome measures including SFGT (40% passing at baseline, 86% passing post-intervention). TF20 participants significantly increased estimated VO2max (p = 0.028), improved body composition (p = 0.028), and improved grip strength (p = 0.018). The CG did not experience any significant changes. The TF20 group completed approximately 75% of the assigned workouts. While TF20 participants showed significant fitness gains, the small sample size limited direct comparisons to the CG. TF20 was well-received although there may be a better way to implement the intervention to increase participation. This investigation provides promising outcomes, useful information about implementation, feasibility, and acceptability for the TF20 HIFT program among firefighter recruits. IRB #8063 APPROVED 01/04/2016. NCT03319394 . Registered 28 September 2014. Retrospectively registered.
Adverse Surgical Outcomes Associated with Robotic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection Among Patients with Testicular Cancer.

Abstract Surgery for metastatic testicular disease has been an essential factor in the long-term cure rates for men with testicular germ cell tumors. Robotic approaches to retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (R-RPLND) have been proposed as an alternative to open surgery with few if any adverse events reported. We report the clinical course for five recent patients referred to our center for recurrences after R-RPLND, focusing on recurrence patterns, treatment burden, and treatment-related morbidity and mortality. The median time to recurrence after R-RPLND was 259 d. The recurrence patterns after R-RPLND were aberrant from our past experience in managing recurrences after open RPLND. One man experienced an in-field recurrence located in close proximitry to an undivided lumbar vessel. Four patients had out-of-field recurrence in abnormal locations: pericolic space invading the sigmoid colon, peritoneal carcinomatosis with a perinephric mass, large-volume liver lesions with suprahilar disease extending into the retrocrural space, and lymph nodes in the celiac axis. The treatment burden was high: the five men were subjected to 12 different chemotherapy regimens and three underwent additional surgeries. Three patients developed significant cisplatin-induced toxicity. One patient died due to progression of testicular cancer after failing all chemotherapy and surgical options. Patient summary We report our initial experience in managing patients with testicular cancer referred to our institution after robotic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND). We found that the recurrences were highly variable and in unusual locations and were associated with a high treatment burden. We conclude that further investigation into the safety and long-term oncologic efficacy of robotic RPLND is necessary before widespread implementation.
Discussion: Local Actions with Global Consequences

This chapter discusses the results obtained in this research with a focus on the national scale and attempts to fit this analysis into wider research themes based around commodification of land use, livelihood change due to LULC-change, and the human-dimensions of LULC-change. Following the results summary, the chapter discusses a period of recent mangrove forest expansion revealed in the analysis and expands upon the potential reason for this mangrove forest increase and the future monitoring of this increase that will be required to ascertain if it is an actual trend or merely a data anomaly. The chapter then raises the possibility of a potential convergence of numerous factors at differing scales that likely offer the potential to reverse the decades-long clearing of mangrove forests that are revealed in this analysis. Next, the chapter discusses how and why Cayapas-Mataje managed to preserve its mangrove forest in the face of such substantial and rapid declines elsewhere along the coast of Ecuador. Finally, some policy recommendations and forward-looking methodological observations are made to close out the discussion.
Estimation of evapotranspiration and its parameters for pine, switchgrass, and intercropping with remotely-sensed images based geospatial modeling

Abstract Intercropping switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) with pine can increase bioenergy feedstock production without land opportunity costs but can potentially alter water budgets. Measuring evapotranspiration (ET) and its parameters (stomatal conductance (gs), leaf area index (LAI), canopy temperature (Tc), and soil moisture (SM)) across cropping systems is costly and time-consuming. However, interpretation of remotely-sensed data can facilitate the effective assessment of relative ET demands among competing forest landuses. This study develops and tests geospatial models informed by a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), vegetation vigor index (VVI), and other spectral information to estimate ET and its parameters, which are measured on experimental watersheds with young pines and natural understory (YP), switchgrass only (SG), and young pine intercropped with switchgrass (IC). The treatment watersheds were replicated on three sites located across the Southeastern U.S. in Carteret, NC; Calhoun, MS; and Greene, AL. Despite the growth inconsistency for the SG only treatment, remote modeling estimation of ET parameters yielded an acceptable R2 > 0.70, and the ET model yielded R2 of 0.50 and a standard error of prediction of 0.94. However, ET and ET parameter model estimation for the IC performed somewhat less satisfactorily, with an R2 of 0.47, 0.59, 0.56, 0.81, and 0.57 for ET, LAI, gs, Tc, and SM, respectively, potentially due to inconsistencies in Landsat image pixel size and landuse homogeneity. Moreover, ET parameter models for the YP site performed rather poorly, with R2 = 0.28, 0.63, and 0.76 for LAI, gs, and Tc, respectively. Additionally, image analysis automation was created with Python scripting and geospatial models. The findings from this study suggest that inclusion of more spatial variability, sound data mining, ultra-high resolution imagery and advanced image processing approaches to account for potential modeling uncertainties can enhance the predictive capability of models to remotely estimate environmental parameters including ET. Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) based models provided promising results for estimating ET and ET parameters using remotely-sensed digital information when they are prepared with advanced data mining, but it is likely that laypersons may find these models difficult to use. However, forest managers with access to neural network software can use our devised RBFN training models for estimating those forest hydrologic parameters with better accuracy.
Megalin-targeting liposomes for placental drug delivery

Abstract Every year, complications during pregnancy affect more than 26 million women. Some of those diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, as is the case of preeclampsia, the main cause of maternal deaths globally. The ability to improve the delivery of drugs to the placenta upon administration to the mother may offer new opportunities in the treatment of diseases of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to develop megalin-targeting liposome nanocarriers for placental drug delivery. Megalin is a transmembrane protein involved in clathrin-mediated endocytic processes, and is expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast (SynT), an epithelial layer at maternal-fetal interface. Targeting megalin thus offers an opportunity for the liposomes to hitchhike into the SynT, thus enriching the concentration of any associated therapeutic cargo in the placental tissue. PEGylated (2 KDa) lipids were modified with gentamicin (GM), a substrate to megalin receptors as we have shown in earlier studies, and used to prepare placental-targeting liposomes. The ability of the targeting liposomes to enhance accumulation of a fluorescence probe was assessed in an in vivo placental model - timed-pregnant Balb/c mice at gestational day (GD) 18.5. The targeting liposomes containing 10 mol% GM-modified lipids increased the accumulation of the conjugated fluorescence probe in the placenta with a total accumulation of 2.8% of the initial dose, which corresponds to a 94 fold increase in accumulation compared to the free probe (p
“The Fabric of Our Lives”?: Cotton, Pesticides, and Agrarian Racial Regimes in the U.S. South

This article examines the shifting ways in which the dispossessive and toxic effects of agricultural chemicals have been encoded as agrarian best practices. I develop the concept of agrarian racial...
Free to move, free to stay, free to return: border rhetorics and a commitment to telos

This essay presents an abolitionist vision for the study of borders in the fields of Rhetoric and Critical Communication Studies. I argue that the critical study of border(ing) rhetorics should ope...
Mentored implementation to initiate a diabetes program in an underserved community: a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Community clinics often face pragmatic barriers, hindering program initiation and replication of controlled research trial results. Mentoring is a potential strategy to overcome these barriers. We piloted an in-person and telehealth mentoring strategy to implement the Telehealth-supported, Integrated Community Health Workers (CHWs), Medication-access, group visit Education (TIME) program in a community clinic. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Participants (n=55) were low-income Latino(a)s with type 2 diabetes. The study occurred in two, 6-month phases. Phase I provided proof-of-concept and an observational experience for the clinic team; participants (n=37) were randomized to the intervention (TIME) or control (usual care), and the research team conducted TIME while the clinic team observed. Phase II provided mentorship to implement TIME, and the research team mentored the clinic team as they conducted TIME for a new single-arm cohort of participants (n=18) with no previous exposure to the program. Analyses included baseline to 6-month comparisons of diabetes outcomes (primary outcome: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)): phase I intervention versus control, phase II (within group), and research-run (phase I intervention) versus clinic-run (phase II) arms. We also evaluated baseline to 6-month CHW knowledge changes. RESULTS: Phase I: compared with the control, intervention participants had superior baseline to 6-month improvements for HbA1c (mean change: intervention: -0.73% vs control: 0.08%, p=0.016), weight (p=0.044), target HbA1c (p=0.035), hypoglycemia (p=0.021), medication non-adherence (p=0.0003), and five of six American Diabetes Association (ADA) measures (p<0.001-0.002). Phase II: participants had significant reductions in HbA1c (mean change: -0.78%, p=0.006), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.004), body mass index (0.012), weight (p=0.010), medication non-adherence (p<0.001), and six ADA measures (p=0.007-0.005). Phase I intervention versus phase II outcomes were comparable. CHWs improved knowledge from pre-test to post-tests (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A novel, mentored approach to implement TIME into a community clinic resulted in improved diabetes outcomes. Larger studies of longer duration are needed to fully evaluate the potential of mentoring community clinics.
ECG Classification for Heart Arrhythmia Using Deep Machine Learning

Healthcare professionals commonly use Electrocardiogram (ECG) as a low-cost diagnostic tool for monitoring heart electrical signals. Arrhythmia, which is an abnormal heart signal, can be dangerous and cause death. The arrhythmia can be categorized in various types including tachycardia, bradycardia, supraventricular arrhythmias, and ventricular. The automated monitoring of arrhythmia and classification with ECG is very helpful for doctors. In this research we use deep machine learning for automated arrhythmia classification with the focus on the recent trends in arrhythmia classification. Using St. Mary’s University Deep Learning Platform, we conducted heavy and complex simulations to measure the performance of the various arrhythmia classification and detection models. Finally, we present the accuracy of the proposed deep learning algorithms, which surpasses the performance of the existing algorithms in precision and sensitivity.
SU-E-T-264: Development of Dose Response Analysis Program for Basic Radiobiological Modeling

Purpose: To verify and quantify various dose responses including estimated survival fraction(SF) through clonogenic assay, estimated model parameters and its uncertainty, and relative biological effectiveness(RBE) and its uncertainty for each model. Methods: An user-friendly program, dose response analysis program(DREAP, ver.2.0) was developed by using Matlab. The program can provide two types of calculation modes at present. First, the “calculation of SF” mode is designed for giving estimated SF curves, model parameters, and its uncertainty at specific confidence level. it provides five types of established SF models such as linear quadratic(LQ), universal survival curve(USC), multi-target single-hit(MTSH) model, and repair kinetics models including repair mis-repair(RMR) and lethal potentially-lethal(LPL) model. Second, the “calculation of RBE” mode is made for giving estimated RBEs at a broad range of survival levels and its uncertainty at 95 percent confidence level. This mode gives three established SF models except for repair kinetics models. All the modes include basic analysis and comparison tools for each mode. And, all relevant and quantitative results can be easily exported to excel format by one mouse-click. Results: The “calculation of SF” mode can give SF curve through clonogenic assay data, and its uncertainty for each five SF models. Also, the “calculation of RBE” mode can provide RBE and its uncertainty for each three SF models. Since these modes have a feature of interactive and user-friendly structure, the user can easily quantify and access to a variety of dose responses results. Conclusion: The program can provide an easy way to access dose response results with interactive graphical user interfaces(GUIs). The features stated above will make the program practical to use for particle therapy center which needs to collect expected model parameters and its uncertainty, and manage meaningful RBE database.
Equivalent weight loss for weight management programs delivered by phone and clinic.

Objective Face-to-face (FTF) weight management is costly and presents barriers for individuals seeking treatment; thus, alternate delivery systems are needed. The objective of this study was to compare weight management delivered by FTF clinic or group conference calls (phone). Design and Methods Randomized equivalency trial in 295 overweight/obese men/women (BMI = 35.1±4.9, Age = 43.8±10.2, Minority = 39.8%). Weight loss (0-6 months) was achieved by reducing energy intake between 1,200 and 1,500 kcal/day and progressing physical activity (PA) to 300 min/week. Weight maintenance (7-18 months) provided adequate energy to maintain weight and continued 300 min/week of PA. Behavioral weight management strategies were delivered weekly for 6 months and gradually reduced during 7-18 months. A cost analysis provided a comparison of expenses between groups. Results Weight change from baseline to 6 months was −13.4 ± 6.7% and −12.3 ± 7.0% for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. Weight change from 6-18 months was 6.4 ± 7.0% and 6.4 ± 5.2%, for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. The cost to FTF participants was $789.58 more per person. Conclusions Phone delivery provided equivalent weight loss and maintenance and reduced program cost. Ubiquitous access to phones provides a vast reach for this approach.
Three test problems for the comparison of lossy transmission line algorithms

In this note, three models are provided for the analysis of lossy transmission lines in support of the papers in the special session (IEEE 11th Topical Meeting on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging, 2002). The models are used for a one-to-one comparison between the transmission line transient analysis techniques presented in the papers in this session.
Mechanical and surface coagulation: VI. Differential surface coagulation in two-component colloidal solutions

Surface coagulation is brought about by increasing the liquid—air interface of colloidal systems by shaking or stirring or by bubbling gases through them. The degree of surface coagulation that can be achieved is larger the lower the natural stability of a colloidal system; the Zeta potential is often a useful yardstick. On mixing two colloidal solutions differing in natural stability, different degrees of surface coagulation were expected for the two components. This was tested with positive results on mixtures of TiO2 sols, CuO sols, and α-FeOOH sols. The fractionation, by this new principle, of colloidal solutions containing two or more inorganic components was found, in the preliminary study reported here, to be strongly dependent on pH.
A Classroom Demonstration of Garlic Extract and Conventional Antibiotics' Antimicrobial Activity.

The Kirby-Bauer method is regularly used to test bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics, and is often employed in the classroom for teaching this concept. In this exercise, additional materials and instructions were given to students for the preparation of garlic extract and loading on blank BBL paper discs. They were further instructed to test the efficacy of the extract as compared with conventional antibiotics against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The conventional antibiotics used were kanamycin, novobiocin, neomycin, erythromycin and tetracycline on BBL paper discs.After 48 hours of incubation, students measured the diameters of inhibition zones. Garlic was rated as being equal to, or less in inhibition than the antibiotics. A survey administered after the exercise showed that students gained a better awareness of garlic extract’s potency as an antimicrobial agent. Students also became enthusiastic about searching for additional sources of antimicrobial substances to in light of antibiotic resistance.
Smoothness of in vivo spectral baseline determined by mean-square error.

Purpose A nonparametric smooth line is usually added to the spectral model to account for background signals in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The assumed smoothness of the baseline significantly influences quantitative spectral fitting. In this paper, a method is proposed to minimize baseline influences on the estimated spectral parameters. Methods The nonparametric baseline function with a given smoothness was treated as a function of spectral parameters. Its uncertainty was measured by root-mean-square error (RMSE). The proposed method was demonstrated with a simulated spectrum and in vivo spectra of both short echo time and averaged echo times. The estimated in vivo baselines were compared with the metabolite-nulled spectra and the LCModel-estimated baselines. The accuracies of estimated baseline and metabolite concentrations were further verified via cross-validation. Results An optimal smoothness condition was found that led to the minimal baseline RMSE. In this condition, the best fit was balanced against minimal baseline influences on metabolite concentration estimates. Conclusion Baseline RMSE can be used to indicate estimated baseline uncertainties and serve as the criterion for determining the baseline smoothness of in vivo MRS. Magn Reson Med 72:913–922, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of endogenous hyperglucagonemia on lower esophageal sphincter pressure and gastric acid secretion.

Lower esophageal sphincter function and gastric acid secretion were studied in a patient with endogenous hyperglucagonemia due to a functioning islet cell carcinoma. Complete resection of the tumor resulted in a fall of the serum concentration of immunoreactive glucagon to a normal level. Pre- and postoperative resting lower esophageal sphincter pressures and lower esophageal sphincter pressure responses to administration of pentagastrin, edrophonium, and bethanechol were unchanged. After surgery, preoperative immunoreactive glucagon concentrations were reproduced by intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection of exogenous glucagon. Lower esophageal sphincter resting pressures and responses to agonists were unchanged. In contrast, glcuagon administered at 36 μg/kg/hr, which produced a serum concentration of immunoreactive glucagon (32,000 pg/ml) much greater than observed preoperatively (1200 pg/ml), diminished resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure and sphincter responses to pentagastrin, edrophonium, and bethanechol. Similarly, pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion was unaffected by tumor resection or low-dose glucagon infusion but was decreased at a glucagon infusion rate of 36 μg/kg/hr. This series of observations supports the thesis that endogenous glucagon plays no physiological role in the regulation of lower esophageal sphincter pressure or gastric acid secretion.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTINUOUS FETAL HEART RATE PATTERNS AND APGAR SCORE IN THE NEWBORN

Summary The relationship between the continuous fetal heart rate pattern in the first stage of labour and the one-minute Apgar score of the newborn was examined in 714 patients. The highest incidence of fetal depression (one-minute Apgar score less than 7) was observed with the late deceleration pattern and with variable deceleration associated with an abnormal baseline. Variable deceleration with a normal baseline and loss of beat-to-beat variation, both complicated and uncomplicated, were associated with infants with a low Apgar score to a greater degree than were the other patterns.
The semantic differential as a measure of individual differences in mediated generalization

Summary Ninety-five S s rated ten synonyms on the Semantic Differential. On the basis of empirical facts derived from testing intralist similarity and stimulus generalization, it was hypothesized that S s who differentiate greatly between those synonyms in their rating on the Semantic Differential should do better in learning that list serially, than those who differentiate little. The present experiment failed to find any relation between similarity ratings on the Semantic Differential and the rate at which S s learned the rated materials. The results of a control group who learned nonsimilar material suggests that these results are not due to superior general learning ability in S s who are low in D scores. These results were discussed in terms of their implications for a theory of acquired equivalence of cues.