cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Tandem duplication/deletion in a maternally derived chromosome 9 supernumerary derivative resulting in 9p trisomy and partial 9q tetrasomy.

A 19-week stillborn female fetus with bilateral cleft palate, horseshoe kidney, bicornuate uterus, low-set ears, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was found to have a supernumerary derivative chromosome 9 (der(9)) with an apparent tandem duplication in the long arm. PCR analysis at five polymorphic loci confirmed the duplication and showed an adjacent deletion, while whole chromosome FISH demonstrated only chromosome 9 to be involved. Further FISH studies of der(9) found the 9qh region to be duplicated, telomeric sequences to be intact, and subtelomeric sequences to be absent. Thus, the fetus was determined to be trisomic for 9pter9q12 and 9q34.39qter, tetrasomic for 9q12 9q33, and disomic for 9q339q34.3. These results are consistent with a tandem duplication of 9q129q33 and adjacent distal deletion as designated by the karyotype, 47,XX,+der(9)dup(9)(q12q33)del(9) (q33q34.3).ish der(9)(WCP9+,D9Z1x2,STP9q-, AHT+) de novo. In addition to characterizing der(9), the combined PCR and cytogenetic studies refined the Genome Database Map of three loci (D9S907, D9S155, and D9S302) approximately to the distal 9q33 region. Without the attempt to refine breakpoints by PCR analysis, the deletion in distal 9q would not have been detected. Tandem direct duplication/deletion chromosomes have been reported in fewer cases than inverted duplication/deletions. We propose mechanisms of origin, consistent with those for recurrent inter stitial microdeletion and microduplication syndromes, shown to arise by recombination at homologous, flanking DNA sequences. Am. J. Med. Genet. 93:305–312, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Reconfigurable data converter as a building block for mixed-signal test

A reconfigurable data converter (RDC) that can be configured to a number of ADCs and DACs having different speeds and resolutions for testing mixed-signal systems is proposed. It can be used as a building block in mixed-signal boundary scan or built-in self-test (BIST) techniques. The RDC can also be configured as random noise generators and used as test stimuli in BIST. Since the required area of the proposed RDC is only slightly larger than that of a conventional pipelined ADC, it can be used in many mixed-signal systems.
Qualitative Analysis of the Constituents of an Unknown Natural Product

In chemical studies of natural products the first question the investigator wants to know is which commonly occurring constituents of natural products are present in the preparation. Qualitative analysis has to precede quantitative studies because it demonstrates not only the absence or presence of certain detectable components, but also gives information about the relative amounts of constituents present in the preparation. The presence of unusual components in hydrolysates investigated by paper electro-phoresis or paper chromatography has led in the past to the discovery of many new compounds.
Power Converter With Digital Sensorless Adaptive Voltage Positioning Control Scheme

A digital sensorless adaptive voltage positioning (SLAVP) control method is presented in this paper in order to realize AVP control without the need for load or inductor current sensing and high-resolution high-speed analog-to-digital converter sampling. The SLAVP control law utilizes the readily available error signal of the conventional voltage-mode closed-loop compensated controller or, in other words, the duty cycle of a dc-dc buck converter in order to realize AVP control. The elimination of the need for high-speed and accurate sensing and sampling of currents using the proposed SLAVP control reduces the size and cost of the digital controller, reduces the power losses associated with current sensing and sampling, and simplifies hardware design. Moreover, the SLAVP control can easily be added to controllers with conventional voltage-mode closed-loop control with minimum size and cost increase, and therefore, SLAVP control can be used for a wide range of applications and not only for high-end applications like powering microprocessors. The theoretical SLAVP control law derivation and analysis and SLAVP controller architecture are presented in this paper and verified by experimental results obtained from a proof-of-concept experimental prototype.
Reflections on metapsychology theoretical coherence, hermeneutics, and biology

Unable to correlate clinical findings with contemporary neurophysiology, Freud tried to anchor psychoanalysis within biology through a speculative metapsychology. Recently, epistemological objections have led to abandonment of his proposals qua scientific theory, although many still use them metaphorically. Others deny the need for any general theory of mental functions. Some theorists would espouse a hermeneutic basis for psychoanalysis, outside the boundaries of biology; they purport to confine their purview to mental contents but often use concepts based on metapsychological assumptions. Because the meanings of such contents are difficult to determine, their interpretation should be "constructed" in collaboration with analysands. By contrast, trained observers may reliably collect psychobiological data, accumulating knowledge of cognition, affectivity, communication, and the regulation of behavior--matters Freud encompassed via the economic and structural viewpoints. Hence analytic theory should be correlated with the findings of semiotics, cognitive psychology, and brain science. The hermeneutic focus on dynamics and genetics overlooks crucial data, such as the occurrence of trauma, leading to confusion about processes of pathogenesis, working through, and structural change. These and other biological phenomena (such as functional deficits and repetitive enactments) call for interventions beyond interpreting mental contents; improvement depends on learning better to process these contents. Change implies gradual establishment of alternative neural pathways; this does not automatically follow insight. Hence psychoanalysis must deal with intrapsychic phenomena beyond subjectivity. Intrapsychic conflicts represent efforts to ward off archaic mentality (primitive thought processing). Theories divorced from neurocognitive considerations encourage the theoretical fiction that analysands possess an "intact ego."
Performance Loss Bounds for Approximate Value Iteration with State Aggregation

We consider approximate value iteration with a parameterized approximator in which the state space is partitioned and the optimal cost-to-go function over each partition is approximated by a constant. We establish performance loss bounds for policies derived from approximations associated with fixed points. These bounds identify benefits to using invariant distributions of appropriate policies as projection weights. Such projection weighting relates to what is done by temporal-difference learning. Our analysis also leads to the first performance loss bound for approximate value iteration with an average-cost objective.
Achieving the Goals of the Scientist-Practitioner Model:: The Seven Interfaces of Social and Counseling Psychology

Counseling psychology and social psychology have commingled theoretically and empirically for many years, but both fields have much to gain from a more complete integration across seven domains: educational (learning, teaching, and training), professional (relationships between researchers and practitioners), practical (integrated attempts to solve individual and societal problems), methodological (shared empirical procedures and standards), theoretical (attempts to construct conceptual models that span disciplines), metatheoretical (shared assumptions about the phenomena under study), and epistemological (fundamental assumptions held in common about how knowledge is expanded). After estimating the strength of the union between social and counseling psychology on each of these seven planes, suggestions for fortifying the weaker links and enhancing the vitality of the stronger links are offered.
Mitochondrial cholesterol availability during gonadotropin-induced Leydig cell desensitization.

In order to define the early lesion (before pregnenolone formation) of the androgen biosynthetic pathway induced by human CG (hCG) or LH in the Leydig cell, we initially have optimized the use of aminoglutethimide to obtain maximal and sustained inhibition of steroidogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Aminoglutethimide inhibited Leydig cell steroidogenesis in vitro at a dose of 100 μg/ml. The minimal serum concentration of aminoglutethimide necessary for maximal inhibition of testosterone in vivo was also 100 μg/ml (1 h after the ip injection of 20 mg aminoglutethimide). However, testosterone levels were normal 12 h later, coincident with a marked fall in the serum aminoglutethimide levels. The t½ of the circulating aminoglutethimide was 5 ± 0.7 h on the first day of treatment but was reduced to 3.0 ± 0.4 and 2.25 ± 0.35 h at 2 and 3 days of treatment. At the dose eliciting maximal and sustained steroid inhibition (60 mg/day) aminoglutethimide was able to prevent the estradiol-dependent late steroidogenic lesi...
Trends, challenges and promises of rich experience on mobile devices

This article summarizes the observation of trends, methods and challenges to provide rich content interaction on mobile devices in the industry, as part of a panel discussion of usability issues related to rich-content applications. The industry and expectation of human-device interaction changes as new wireless and device technologies evolve to provide higher speed, more continuous interaction, and possibility to consume contents while user is on the move. However, the fundamental differences of user needs and ease to deploy applications to fulfill these needs will eventually determine the market between mobile applications and mobile web.
Freight Traffic Assignment Methodology for Large-Scale Road–Rail Intermodal Networks

A methodology is proposed for freight traffic assignment in large-scale road–rail intermodal networks. To obtain the user–equilibrium freight flows, a path-based assignment algorithm (gradient projection) was proposed. The developed methodology was tested on the U.S. intermodal network by using the 2007 freight demand for truck, rail, and road–rail intermodal from the Freight Analysis Framework, Version 3 (FAF3). The results indicate that the proposed methodology’s projected flow pattern is similar to the FAF3 assignment. The proposed methodology can be used by transportation planners and decision makers to forecast freight flows and to evaluate strategic network expansion options.
Modelling haemophilia epidemiology and treatment modalities to estimate the unconstrained factor VIII demand.

Summary. The article presents a new method for estimating the unconstrained factor VIII (FVIII) demand based on the principles of decision analysis. Epidemiology and treatment modalities were integrated into a model for unconstrained FVIII demand. Assumptions for each variable with impact on the unconstrained FVIII demand were defined and probability estimates for these variables were obtained from the literature and medical experts. The sensitivity of the unconstrained FVIII demand to each of the variables was determined, and the variables with the greatest impact were modelled probabilistically. The probability-weighted average for the unconstrained FVIII demand model was 6.9 units per capita with a 90% uncertainty interval of 2.7–13.6 units per capita. When compared with FVIII usage in countries, only Luxembourg's use of FVIII (7.7 units per capita) exceeded the probability-weighted average for the modelled unconstrained FVIII demand. As better information becomes available, revision of model variables is easily accomplished allowing for a more accurate and dynamic forecast of demand over time. More accurate modelling of the ‘true’ demand longitudinally should help prevent shortages of FVIII concentrates such as those that have occurred in the past. In addition, a more accurate forecast of FVIII demand will allow national health care policy makers to better allocate financial and other resources. Sufficient and consistent supply of FVIII concentrates and appropriate financing of haemophilia care will allow the clinical benefits of more aggressive treatment regimens such as prophylaxis to be realized.
Template to improve glycemic control without reducing adiposity or dietary fat

Drugs that improve chronic hyperglycemia independently of insulin signaling or reduction of adiposity or dietary fat intake may be highly desirable. Ad36, a human adenovirus, promotes glucose uptake in vitro independently of adiposity or proximal insulin signaling. We tested the ability of Ad36 to improve glycemic control in vivo and determined if the natural Ad36 infection in humans is associated with better glycemic control. C57BL/6J mice fed a chow diet or made diabetic with a high-fat (HF) diet were mock infected or infected with Ad36 or adenovirus Ad2 as a control for infection. Postinfection (pi), systemic glycemic control, hepatic lipid content, and cell signaling in tissues pertinent to glucose metabolism were determined. Next, sera of 1,507 adults and children were screened for Ad36 antibodies as an indicator of past natural infection. In chow-fed mice, Ad36 significantly improved glycemic control for 12 wk pi. In HF-fed mice, Ad36 improved glycemic control and hepatic steatosis up to 20 wk pi. In adipose tissue (AT), skeletal muscle (SM), and liver, Ad36 upregulated distal insulin signaling without recruiting the proximal insulin signaling. Cell signaling suggested that Ad36 increases AT and SM glucose uptake and reduces hepatic glucose release. In humans, Ad36 infection predicted better glycemic control and lower hepatic lipid content independently of age, sex, or adiposity. We conclude that Ad36 offers a novel tool to understand the pathways to improve hyperglycemia and hepatic steatosis independently of proximal insulin signaling, and despite a HF diet. This metabolic engineering by Ad36 appears relevant to humans for developing more practical and effective antidiabetic approaches.
Multitoning using generalized projections and the DCT

A new method of JPEG optimization is presented which allows JPEG to be optimized for the minimum visual distortion compression of multitoned images. Projections are done between the closed nonconvex set of possible multitoned images and the closed convex set of images which are allowed when certain frequency domain constraints are applied. This allows the higher frequencies to be adjusted for more efficient JPEG compression with minimum visual distortion. This method may be applied to monochrome images or to individual color planes. >
Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Negative Body Image in Obese Women

Negative body image is a major concern of overweight persons, yet current obesity treatment programs have not addressed this problem. In the present study, 51 obese women were randomly assigned to cognitive behavioral body image therapy (CBT) or no-treatment. Patients were treated in small groups for 8 two-hour sessions. Therapy included information to challenge negative stereotypes of obesity, modification of intrusive thoughts of body dissatisfaction and overvalued beliefs about physical appearance, exposure to avoided body image situations, and elimination of body checking. No assistance was provided to change eating or exercise behaviors. CBT subjects showed significantly improved body image. Psychological symptoms, self-esteem, overeating, and eating guilt also improved. Weight was unchanged for most subjects and unrelated to treatment outcome overall.
Conjugation of 4-hydroxynonenal by largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) glutathione S-transferases.

The glutathione S-transferases (GST) are a major group of conjugative enzymes involved in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds and products of oxidative stress. We have previously described the kinetics of hepatic GST conjugation in largemouth bass using a variety of synthetic GST reference substrates. In the present study, we investigated the ability of largemouth bass hepatic GSTs to conjugate 4-hydroxynon-2-enal (4HNE), a mutagenic and cytotoxic α-β-unsaturated aldehyde produced during oxidative injury. Hepatic cytosolic fractions from largemouth bass rapidly catalyzed GSH-dependent 4HNE conjugation, with the rate of GST-4HNE conjugation in bass liver exceeding those of several other mammalian and aquatic species. No apparent sex-related differences in GST-4HNE activity were observed among adult bass. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis of GSH affinity-purified bass liver cytosolic GST revealed the presence of two major GST subunits of approximately 30 and 27 KDa that exhibited slight cross-reactivity when probed with a rat alpha class GST antibody, but not to rat mu, pi or theta class GST. The rapid conjugation of 4HNE by hepatic GST suggests an important role for GSTs in protecting against peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in bass liver.
Environmental and Growth Phase Regulation of the Streptococcus gordonii Arginine Deiminase Genes

A 1,026-bp open reading frame sharing significant similarity with queA, which encodes a predicted S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase responsible for queosine modification of tRNAs, was found immediately 5′ of the gene for the transcriptional activator (ArcR) of the arginine deiminase system (ADS) operon of Streptococcus gordonii. The role of QueA in bacterial physiology is enigmatic, but loss of QueA has been shown to compromise stationary-phase survival or virulence in certain enteric bacteria. Interestingly, S. gordonii appears to be unique among ADS-positive bacteria in the linkage of queA with the ADS genes. A putative σ70 promoter (pqueA; TTGCCA-N21-TATAAT) was mapped 5′ of queA by primer extension, and queA and arcR were shown to be cotranscribed. The expression from pqueA was found to be constitutive under all conditions tested, but the expression of parcA, which drives the expression of the arc structural genes, was enhanced in stationary phase and could be induced by low pH and arginine. QueA and CcpA acted repressively on arc transcription, but neither QueA-deficient strains nor CcpA-deficient strains showed significant differences in arginine deiminase enzyme activities compared with the wild-type strain. The growth rate of a QueA-deficient strain did not differ significantly from that of the parental strain, but the QueA-deficient strain did not compete well with the wild-type during serial passage. In addition to the finding that ADS expression can be regulated separately by growth phase and pH, a significant linkage between the ADS, translational efficiency modulated by QueA, and post-exponential-phase survival of S. gordonii was found.
Grading Handicapped Pupils: Review and Position Statement

A review of grading issues, philosophies, and recommendations is provided with implications and specific suggestions for grading mainstreamed handicapped pupils at the secondary level. A synthesis of available literature examines the wide range of viewpoints regarding optimal grading practices for general students and for remedial and handicapped pupils. A position statement related directly to grading secondary mainstreamed handicapped pupils concludes the paper.
Pressure dependence of the β molecular relaxation process and dielectric properties of polyvinylidene fluoride

The effects of hydrostatic pressure to 20 kbar on the β molecular relaxation process of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and on the dielectric properties in the neighborhood of this relaxation have been investigated. This relaxation has a strong influence on the electrical and mechanical properties of PVDF. Pressure causes a large shift to higher temperatures (∼ 10K/kbar) of the dielectric relaxation peak and a decrease in the width of the distribution of relaxation times. This slowing down of the relaxation process is discussed in terms of the Vogel–Fulcher equation and related models, and it results from an increase in both the energy barrier to dipolar motion and the reference temperature (T0) for the kinetic relaxation process which represents the “static” dipolar freezing temperature for the process. The general applicability of the Vogel–Fulcher equation to relaxional processes in polymers and other systems is briefly discussed. The pressure dependence of the dielectric constant both above and below the relaxation peak temperature (Tmax) is found to be dominated by the change in polarizability. The effect is larger above Tmax because of the relatively large decrease in the dipolar orientational polarizability with pressure.
All in the family Nesting symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models

Abstract This paper develops a parametric family of models of generalized autoregressive heteroskedasticity (GARCH). The family nests the most popular symmetric and asymmetric GARCH models, thereby highlighting the relation between the models and their treatment of asymmetry. Furthermore, the structure permits nested tests of different types of asymmetry and functional forms. Daily U.S. stock return data reject all standard GARCH models in favor of a model in which, roughly speaking, the conditional standard deviation depends on the shifted absolute value of the shocks raised to the power three halves and past standard deviations.
Effects of Positive and Negative Social Exchanges with Various Sources on Depressive Symptoms in Younger and Older Adults

Addressing a previous gap in the gerontological literature, the present study examined the effects of both positive and negative social exchanges within key relationships (spouse, children, and other relatives/friends) on the depressive symptoms of younger (28 to 59 years old) and older (60 to 92 years old) men and women. Separate analyses were carried out on younger adults (N = 452) and older adults (N = 849) who were respondents in the Americans' Changing Lives study. In both age groups, positive and negative social exchanges with the same source were significantly (p < .001), inversely related (rs range from -.23 to -.43); and positive social exchanges exerted stronger net effects on depressive symptoms than negative social exchanges. For older adults, some buffering effects were found when negative and positive social exchanges were associated with different sources; for younger adults, buffering effects were found when negative and positive social exchanges were associated with the same source. These buffering effects were not conditioned by gender. The findings of the present study highlight the importance of taking into account the age of the recipient and the provider-recipient relationship when studying the joint influence of negative and positive social exchanges on adults' depressive symptoms.
Phage Therapy is Effective in Protecting Honeybee Larvae from American Foulbrood Disease

American foulbrood disease has a major impact on honeybees ( Apis melifera ) worldwide. It is caused by a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium, Paenibacillus larvae . The disease can only affect larval honeybees, and the bacterial endospores are the infective unit of the disease. Antibiotics are not sufficient to combat the disease due to increasing resistance among P. larvae strains. Because of the durability and virulence of P. larvae endospores, infections spread rapidly, and beekeepers are often forced to burn beehives and equipment. To date, very little information is available on the use of bacteriophage therapy in rescuing and preventing American foulbrood disease, therefore the goal of this study was to test the efficacy of phage therapy against P. larvae infection. Out of 32 previously isolated P. larvae phages, three designated F, WA, and XIII were tested on artificially reared honeybee larvae infected with P. larvae strain NRRL B-3650 spores. The presence of P. larvae DNA in dead larvae was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene-specific polymerase chain reaction amplification. Survival rates for phage-treated larvae were approximately the same as for larvae never infected with spores (84%), i.e., the phages had no deleterious effect on the larvae. Additionally, prophylactic treatment of larvae with phages before spore infection was more effective than administering phages after infection, although survival in both cases was higher than spores alone (45%). Further testing to determine the optimal combination and concentration of phages, and testing in actual hive conditions are needed.
Efficiency Re-Climbing in High-Current Droop Regime for Gallium-Nitride-based Light-Emitting Diodes

The efficiency droop in GaInN/GaN blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) usually commences at current density around 10 A/cm2 and the efficiency decreases monotonically after the droop onset. GaN-based LEDs suffer seriously, at typical operating current densities (10–100 A/cm2), by the efficiency droop. Efficiency re-climbing is observed in the typical droop regime at cryogenic temperatures below 125K. The “efficiency re-climbing” coincides with a distinct increase in device conductivity, which is mainly attributed to an enhancement in p-type conductivity due to field ionization of acceptors. The “efficiency re-climbing” phenomenon implies an approach of solving efficiency droop by enhancing hole injection by external electric field.
Office Depot E-Business

This case is an excellent illustration of offline/online integration. Office Depot used its supuply chain, systems integration and existing offline channel strengths to overcome competitive online threats from pure internet players and other office products categories players. Students get to consider the critical strategic options for overall strategy, pricing, product line, promotion and business integration.Other materials: Teaching Outline, Student Assignment Questions, Spreadsheet - Financial Impact of Options
Electrical Fatigue in Organic Layered Photoconductors

The relevance of photochemistry in the electrical fatigue of organic layered photoconductors is discussed. A hole transport molecule DEH undergoes a photocyclization reaction in the charge transport layer to an indazole derivative, causing residual surface charges to persist during light decay. A dye chlorodiane blue, in the presence of DEH, initiates photochemistry at the hole transport/carrier generation interface resulting in chemical consumption of the dye. An activation energy of 15–20 kcal/mol is reported for the dye bleaching reaction.
Defence Standard 00-56 Issue 3

This paper is a powerpoint presentation on the Defence Standard 00-56 Issue 3. The presentation includes the history of the defence standard - also known as the DefStan 00-56, its philosophy, structure, principles and requirements of safety management. (8 pages)
Dipole Polarizabilities of the 2 3 S 1 and 2 1 S 0 States of He and Li

Variational calculations of the dipole polarizabilities of the two lowest excited states $2 ^{3}S_{1}$ and $2 ^{1}S_{0}$ of He and ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$ are made with 72-term variational wave functions. Because of the slow convergence for the He $2 ^{1}S_{0}$ state, the wave function for this system is extended to include 96 terms. The polarizabilities are determined from the interaction energy of the atomic system with a uniform external electric field. The most complete calculations gave 315.63 atomic units and 801.95 a.u. for He, and 46.88 a.u. and 98.19 a.u. for ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$, for the $2 ^{3}S_{1}$ and $2 ^{1}S_{0}$ states, respectively. The only previous calculations are those for helium, in which Dalgarno and Kingston used theoretical oscillator strengths. They obtained 313 and 788 a.u. for the $2 ^{3}S_{1}$ and $2 ^{1}S_{0}$ states, respectively. The ground states are also calculated as a check on the method used. Excellent agreement with the previous calculations and with experiment is obtained for the ground states of ${\mathrm{H}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, He, and ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$.
Frozen Autologous Platelet Transfusion for Patients with Leukemia

Platelets were removed from 25 patients with leukemia during remission and were frozen for subsequent transfusion. With 5 per cent dimethyl sulfoxide as a cryoprotective agent, we froze 3 to 5 units of pooled platelet concentrate by simply placing the platelets in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer. Ninety-one transfusions of platelets stored for 13 to 400 days were administered. The mean freeze-thaw loss was 13 percent, and the corrected one-hour increment in platelet count was 13,700 per microliter, corresponding to a recovery of 53 per cent of the predicted value. In many patients most or all of the transfusion requirements were met with frozen platelets. Our results indicate that frozen platelets can circulate and function hemostatically. Autologous frozen platelets are of particular value in the management of alloimmunized patients and have become an integral part of our transfusion support program.
Identification of novel protein tyrosine phosphatases of hematopoietic cells by polymerase chain reaction amplification.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions were used to amplify cDNAs that encode putative protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) from a murine interleukin-3-dependent myeloid cell line. Primers for the reactions were based on conserved sequences of the catalytic domain that are shared among all known PTPs. Sequencing of 100 PCR-amplified cDNA clones identified seven different cDNA sequences. Two of these sequences were identical to the murine PTP genes Ly5/CD45/LCA and LRP/R- PTP-alpha. Two of the cDNA sequences were 95% identical to human PTP epsilon (HPTP epsilon) and rat brain PTP (PTP1B), respectively, and are likely to represent their murine homologs. Three of the cDNA sequences encoded novel potential PTPs. One of the putative PTPs was ubiquitously expressed while a second was predominantly expressed in brain, kidney, and liver and at much lower levels in a variety of other cell tkpes and tissues. The third novel putative phosphatase was expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells and tissues in a pattern that was comparable with Ly5/CD45/LCA. Further characterization of these novel PTPs will provide insights into the growth regulation of hematopoietic cells.
Integrated FLIR/CO2 Laser Rangefinder

Eyesafe CO2 Laser Rangefinders have been fabricated and field tested utilizing common module FLIRs as the receivers. This approach eliminated the necessity of an additional set of cooler, detector, preamp, and receiver optics required with a stand alone CO2 laser rangefinder and allows total integration into some sights such as the M6 OA3 tank thermal sight wherein the visible channel optics are shared with the transmitter.
Common medications used by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: what are their effects on the lipid profile?

Dyslipidemia is the most fundamental risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In clinical practice, many commonly prescribed medications can alter the patient’s lipid profile and, potentially, the risk for ASCVD—either favorably or unfavorably. The dyslipidemia observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can be characterized as both ominous and cryptic, in terms of unrecognized, disproportionately elevated atherogenic cholesterol particle concentrations, in spite of deceptively and relatively lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Several factors, most notably insulin resistance, associated with the unfavorable discordance of elevated triglyceride (TG) levels and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), have been shown to correlate with an increased risk/number of ASCVD events in patients with T2DM. This review focuses on known changes in the routine lipid profile (LDL-C, TGs, and HDL-C) observed with commonly prescribed medications for patients with T2DM, including antihyperglycemic agents, antihypertensive agents, weight loss medications, antibiotics, analgesics, oral contraceptives, and hormone replacement therapies. Given that the risk of ASCVD is already elevated for patients with T2DM, the use of polypharmacy may warrant close observation of overall alterations through ongoing lipid-panel monitoring. Ultimately, the goal is to reduce levels of atherogenic cholesterol particles and thus the patient’s absolute risk.
Non-Archimedean Valued Fields

In the classical settings of the field of complex numbers \( \mathbb{C} \) and the field of real numbers \( \mathbb{R} \), the absolute value plays an important role in the Topology and in the Analysis on objects over these fields. In this chapter, we generalize the absolute value by introducing the notion of valuation on a general field \( \mathbb{K} \). As we shall see, this notion of valuation allows one to have a natural topology on the field itself and also on objects that are defined over the field. Analysis on the field and on these objects follows naturally. As it turns out, there are two kinds of valuation, one is the archimedean valuation, as in the cases of \( \mathbb{C} \) and \( \mathbb{R} \), and the other is the non-archimedean valuation. In this book, our focus will be on the non-archimedean valuation. More specifically, we will work on free Banach spaces over non-archimedean valued fields and Operator theory on them. In this chapter we shall first develop the theory of valuation and then we shall give many examples to illustrate the theory. This chapter will mostly serve as background for the theory of operators that will be developed later in the book. Most of the results are well-known and we gather only those that will serve our purposes.
The Politics of “Being”: Faculty of Color Teaching to Social Justice in the College Classroom

Because of their physicality, faculty-of-color who are visible minorities are imagined, in part, to represent an important aspect of social justice, i.e., inclusion and representation. Students may also assume that issues of social justice are more important to faculty-of-color than to their White counterparts. These professors, regardless of disciplinary affiliation, can capitalize on these perceptions by creating learning environments that forward the cause of social justice. Choosing course materials that highlight the talents and contributions of non-White scholars, creating respectful and inclusive learning environments, and becoming academic activists are strategies that will ultimately teach to social justice and make positive impacts on adult students’ learning and development.
MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES IN REPTILIAN SKIN

ABSTRACT The paper extends earlier investigations of the mucopolysaccharide (MPS) content of amphibian skin, where the occurrence of MPS is related to water storage requirements, to the Reptilia. Among 172 species belonging to 21 families, variation in presence or absence of dermal MPS deposits was found to be much greater than in the Amphibia. Differences went by orders rather than by ecological factors and the mode of distribution of ground substance concentrations differed fundamentally from that in the Amphibia. The most abundant deposits were found in the Ophidia but even here not exclusively in those species where water storage would seem to be a most imperative prerequisite for survival.
D292V Actin Mutation Stabilizes Tropomyosin in the Off-State of the Thin Filament

A cluster of basic residues on the surface of actin (K326, K328 and R147) are needed for F-actin to bind to acidic residues on tropomyosin in the blocked- and closed-states of the muscle thin filament (Li et al., 2011; Lehman et al., 2013; Orzechowski et al., 2013; Fischer et al., 2016). However, the binding of tropomyosin to actin is necessarily weak so that regulatory transitions across actin can proceed at low-energy cost. We propose that negatively charged actin residue D292 lying adjacent to residues K326, K328 and R147 is required to temper the binding of actin to tropomyosin allowing regulatory-switching.
Modelling audiovisual integration of affect from videos and music.

Two experiments examined how affective values from visual and auditory modalities are integrated. Experiment 1 paired music and videos drawn from three levels of valence while holding arousal const...
Melting of superheated molecular crystals.

Melting dynamics of micrometer scale, polycrystalline samples of isobutane, dimethyl ether, methyl benzene, and 2-propanol were investigated by fast scanning calorimetry. When films are superheated with rates in excess of 105 K s−1, the melting process follows zero-order, Arrhenius-like kinetics until approximately half of the sample has transformed. Such kinetics strongly imply that melting progresses into the bulk via a rapidly moving solid-liquid interface that is likely to originate at the sample’s surface. Remarkably, the apparent activation energies for the phase transformation are large; all exceed the enthalpy of vaporization of each compound and some exceed it by an order of magnitude. In fact, we find that the crystalline melting kinetics are comparable to the kinetics of dielectric α-relaxation in deeply supercooled liquids. Based on these observations, we conclude that the rate of non-isothermal melting for superheated, low-molecular-weight crystals is limited by constituent diffusion into an ...
Heterogeneous surface-to-air missile defense battery location: a game theoretic approach

In the context of an air defense missile-and-interceptor engagement, a challenge for the defender is that surface-to-air missile batteries often must be located to protect high-value targets dispersed over a vast area, subject to which an attacker may observe the disposition of batteries and subsequently develop and implement an attack plan. To model this scenario, we formulate a two-player, extensive form, three-stage, perfect information, zero-sum game that accounts for, respectively, a defender’s location of batteries, an attacker’s launch of missiles against targets, and a defender’s assignment of interceptor missiles from batteries to incoming attacker missiles. The resulting trilevel math programming formulation cannot be solved via direct optimization, and it is not suitable to solve via full enumeration for realistically-sized instances. We instead adapt the game tree search technique Double Oracle, within which we embed either of two alternative heuristics to solve an important subproblem for the attacker. We test and compare these solution methods to solve a designed set of 52 instances having parametric variations, from which we derive insights regarding the nature of the underlying problem. Enhancing the solution methods with alternative initialization strategies, our superlative methodology attains the optimal solution for over 75% of the instances tested and solutions within 3% of optimal, on average, for the remaining 25% of the instances, and it is promising for realistically-sized instances, scaling well with regard to computational effort.
Shooting the Messenger: The Ethics of Attacks on Environmental Representation

Although there is considerable scholarship about a lawyer's duty to represent repugnant clients and about the moral nonaccountability of lawyers for the deeds of their clients, there has been limited discussion of attacks by attorneys on those who represent unpopular or controversial clients, and even less analyzing the ethics of such attacks. Articles on the ethics of environmental law practice make no more than passing reference to a lawyer's duty to respect the need for all points of view to be heard, and make no attempt to analyze the role of attorneys in attacks on providers of environmental representation. This article documents and challenges the propriety of attacks by attorneys on other lawyers providing environmental representation. The article begins by identifying some of the attacks and the justifications often given for such assaults. Because the attorneys making such attacks and others who have supported these tactics appear not to have considered the propriety of their behavior, the article then analyzes the legal ethics of such attacks by focusing on the formal rules of professional conduct. The article concludes by setting forth proposals for amending rules of professional conduct and law school policies to deter attacks on providers of environmental representation.
Paleo: A Performance Model for Deep Neural Networks

Although various scalable deep learning software packages have been proposed, it remains unclear how to best leverage parallel and distributed computing infrastructure to accelerate their training and deployment. Moreover, the effectiveness of existing parallel and distributed systems varies widely based on the neural network architecture and dataset under consideration. In order to efficiently explore the space of scalable deep learning systems and quickly diagnose their effectiveness for a given problem instance, we introduce an analytical performance model called Paleo. Our key observation is that a neural network architecture carries with it a declarative specification of the computational requirements associated with its training and evaluation. By extracting these requirements from a given architecture and mapping them to a specific point within the design space of software, hardware and communication strategies, Paleo can efficiently and accurately model the expected scalability and performance of a putative deep learning system. We show that Paleo is robust to the choice of network architecture, hardware, software, communication schemes, and parallelization strategies. We further demonstrate its ability to accurately model various recently published scalability results for CNNs such as NiN, Inception and AlexNet.
Thermodynamics of Counterion Release Is Critical for Anion Exchange Membrane Conductivity

As the field of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) employs an increasing variety of cations, a critical understanding of cation properties must be obtained, especially as they relate to membrane ion conductivity. Here, to elucidate such properties, metal cation-based AEMs, featuring bis(norbornene) nickel, ruthenium, or cobalt complexes, were synthesized and characterized. In addition, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to probe counterion exchange thermodynamics in order to understand previously reported differences in conductivity. The ion conductivity data reported here further demonstrated that nickel-complex cations had higher conductivity as compared to their ruthenium and cobalt counterparts. Surprisingly, bulk hydration number, ion concentration, ion exchange capacity, and activation energy were not sufficient to explain differences in conductivity, so the thermodynamics of metal cation–counterion association were explored using ITC. Specifically, for the nickel cation as compared to the...
Luminescence properties of CaWO4 and CaWO4:Eu3+ nanostructures prepared at low temperature

Abstract The synthesis of luminescence nanostructures is always related with complicated procedures, and it is still challenging to control their luminescence properties by a facile method. In this work, CaWO4:Eu3+ nanostructures with different morphology, structures and sizes were prepared at low temperatures (2 °C), and the luminescence properties of the prepared nanostructures were studied. The nanostructure growth can be controlled by pH values of the precursor, reaction temperatures and Eu3+ doping concentrations. Low temperature (2 °C) synthesis is believed to control the nanocrystal growth easily due to slow growth process caused by the low temperature. The pH values of the precursor have a significant impact on the structure of CaWO4, leading to the formation of self-assembled microstructures and isolated nanoparticles. CaWO4:Eu3+ nanowires were produced as the Eu3+ doping concentration is 10%. The luminescence properties show that the reaction temperatures and pH values play an important role in the luminescence of CaWO4 host and the energy transfer from the host to Eu3+ leading to the tunable luminescence color from CaWO4:Eu3+. The method developed in this paper is believed to be beneficial for large-scale synthesis of luminescence nanostructures toward white light emitting diode phosphors.
Seventh Colorado Mathematical Olympiad: April 27, 1990

In August 1989 I taught at the International Summer Institute in Long Island, New York. A fine international contingent of gifted high school students for the first time included a group from the Soviet Union. Some members of this group turned out to be mathematics Olympiad “professionals,” winners of the Soviet Union National Mathematics and Physics Olympiads. There was nothing in the Olympiad genre that they did not know. There was no point in teaching these kids problem solving. Instead I offered them – and everyone else – an introduction to certain areas of combinatorial geometry. We quickly reached the forefront of mathematics, full of open problems.
British South Asian women’s feminist aesthetics in ‘Bombay1 cinema talk’1

Bollywood1 popular culture creates a feeling and talking interpretive community2 that produces a shared symbolic and cultural language for diasporic South Asians. Combining feminist cultural studie...
Reproducibility of academic preclinical translational research: lessons from the development of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors to treat cancer

Academic translational research is growing at a great pace at a time in which questions have been raised about the reproducibility of preclinical findings. The development of Hedgehog (HH) pathway ...
Ability of the Khorana score to predict recurrent thromboembolism in cancer patients with ischemic stroke

Abstract Cancer patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are high-risk for recurrent thromboembolic events (RTE). Currently, no risk stratification model exists to predict RTE in this population. We tested the hypothesis that the Khorana score, a validated risk model for predicting venous thromboembolism in cancer patients, can effectively classify RTE risk in cancer patients with AIS. We retrospectively identified adults with active solid or hematological cancer diagnosed with AIS at a tertiary-care cancer center from 2005 to 2010. The Khorana score at the time of index stroke was calculated. The primary outcome was arterial or venous RTE. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of the Khorana score and its individual components with RTE. Harrell’s c-statistic was used to calculate the score’s discriminatory ability. Among 263 AIS patients, median survival was 84 days (IQR 24–149 days) and 90 (34%) had RTE. The median Khorana score was 2 (IQR 1–2, range 0–5). Cumulative rate of RTE was 28% among patients who scored 0, 36% with scores of 1–2, and 32% with scores of 3–6. The overall Khorana score was marginally associated with RTE (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.28). Of its individual components, only leukocytosis was associated with RTE (HR adjusted for other components, 1.45; 95% CI 1.11–1.90). The score’s c-statistic for predicting RTE was 0.57. In this study, the Khorana score had poor discriminatory ability for predicting RTE in cancer patients with AIS. Future research is needed to identify better methods for predicting RTE in this high-risk population.
Current Collection Enhancement in Ultra-thin CdTe Photovoltaic Device by Implementation of Plasmonic Back Reflectors

Plasmonic back reflectors are a promising technique for incorporating light trapping into thin film photovoltaic (PV) devices. In this paper, plasmatic back reflectors for use in Cite devices are investigated. Theoretical calculations based on the Mie theory were performed for several types of dielectric media that are relevant for Cite PV devices. Incorporation of these reflectors into devices show improvements in current collection associated with plasmatic profile of reflector layers. Using transfer matrix method and the angular dependence of the nanoparticle scattering, a simulation method was developed to further investigate the effect of plasmatic back reflectors in current collection for a wider range of nanoparticle size and distribution parameters.
Integrating tumor genomics into studies of the microbiome in colorectal cancer

Although the gut microbiome has been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC) development, associations of microbial taxa with CRC status are often inconsistent across studies. We have recently shown that...