cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Method for iodine determination in water with ferric thiocyanate-nitrite Catalytic Spectrophotometry

Objective To study a new catalytic spectrophotometry methodfor iodine determination in water,i. e with ferric thiocyanate-nitrite instead ofextremely toxic substance( AS2O3). Methods In dilute nitric acid,the suitable for the conditions of iodine catalytic reaction of ferric thiocyanate was worked out,and the catalytic spectrophotometric determination of iodine in water was developed,the standard curve,linear range,detection limit,determination precision and accuracy was calculated. Results The linear range was 6 ~ 100μg /L,the linear correlation coefficient r =-0. 9997,the detection limit was 1. 77 μg /L iodine( sample 1mL,1. 77 ng iodine),the recovery was 97. 20% ~ 99. 95%. Conclusion The precision and accuracy of this method is equal to the As( III)-Ce4 +catalytic spectrophotometry,but without the use of highly toxic arsenic trioxide as well as reducing the risk of detection personnel health and environmental pollution.
Reliability analysis of self-reported health questionnaire based on generalizability theory of residents in Beijing

Objective To assess the reliability of self-reported health questionnaire of Beijing residents and to improve the questionnaire.Methods Through a cross-sectional survey, we conducted the questionnaire survey of self-reported health among residents in 18 districts, established a database and obtained 5030 cases for survey. The reliability was assessed through analyzing the reliability index(generalized coefficient Eρ2) and index of dependability(Φ). Results The estimated value of interaction effects variance component was 0.287 9 with 58.62% of the total variance, and it was the main source of variance. On decision study, the relative error variance was 0.028 8, and the generalized coefficient Eρ2 was 0.855 0. Conclusion The questionnaire is of good reliability,but the number of items needs to be reduced.
Deletion of Cytoplasmic Gating Ring Alters Voltage Dependent Activation of BK Channels

Ion channels sense physiological stimuli and then open to conduct ions across cell membrane. Thus the activation of ion channels involves sensing of stimuli by sensors, coupling from sensor to the activation gate, and opening of the gate. Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BK channels) sense both membrane voltage and intracellular Ca2+ to open the activation gate. The channel is formed by a central pore across the membrane with transmembrane voltage sensors and a cytoplasmic gating ring to act as Ca2+ sensor. How the voltage and Ca2+ sensors influence the common activation gate and interact with each other are unknown. A previous study (Budelli et al. PNAS 110:16657-62, 2013) showed that the BK channel core lacking the entire cytoplasmic gating ring (CORE-MT) could be activated by voltage. In this study, we measured the voltage sensor activation (gating currents) and pore opening (ionic currents) of this CORE-MT channel at various voltages. We found that voltage sensor activation in this truncated channel is similar as in the WT BK channel with a similar number of total gating charges and a small ∼20mV leftward shift for the charge-voltage (Qon-V) relation. However, the coupling between voltage sensor activation and the activation gate was reduced as indicated by a rightward shift in the (G/GMax-V) relation. These results suggest that the gating ring, in addition to its requirement for Ca2+ dependent activation, also enhances the effective coupling between voltage sensors and the activation gate. We also found that the removal of the gating ring alters modulation of the channels by β1 and β2 subunits of BK channels.
The History of Surgery for Movement Disorders

Treatment of movement disorders by interruption of pathways within the nervous system has been a goal of neurosurgeons for the past century. When human stereotactic surgery was introduced 50 years ago, a major advance was made in surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease and other disorders of the motor system. Since then, the field has experienced a period of progressive growth, then abrupt decline, and now is more active than ever before and continuing to grow rapidly. Recent progress in computer science, imaging techniques, neurophysiology, and stereotactic targeting has provided the fuel for future progress.
Vitrification of in vitro-produced and in vivo-recovered equine blastocysts in a clinical program.

Abstract There is a clinical demand for cryopreservation of both in vivo-recovered and in vitro-produced (IVP) equine embryos. We previously reported successful vitrification of expanded equine blastocysts in fine-diameter microloader pipette tips (MPTs) after blastocoel collapse, in a research setting. Here, we report the results of clinical application of the MPT vitrification technique for both in vivo-recovered and IVP blastocysts. In vivo-recovered blastocysts were obtained by referring veterinarians on Days 6 to 8 after ovulation, and shipped 1 to 10 hours to the laboratory before vitrification. IVP blastocysts ( 0.1). In experiment 2, the MPT was cut lengthwise to form an open vitrification device, designated “Sujo”. Research IVP blastocysts were vitrified at 1, 2, or 3 embryos per Sujo (n = 34 embryos), or singly on a commercial open device (Cryolock; n = 11). After warming, 97% and 91% of embryos, respectively, grew in culture. Similarly, culture of two in vivo-recovered large blastocysts after collapse and vitrification on Sujos both resulted in embryo growth. However, transfer of four in vivo-recovered expanded blastocysts after collapse, vitrification on Sujos, and warming resulted in only one foal. These data indicate that vitrification of equine IVP embryos and small in vivo-recovered embryos is efficient under clinical conditions. Collapse and vitrification of in vivo-recovered large blastocysts in MPT under our clinical conditions resulted in a 45% foaling rate. While numbers are low, use of an open vitrification system did not appear to improve results for these embryos.
Optical emission spectroscopy measurements of quiescent atmospheric plasmas created via dielectric barrier discharge actuators

Generating an atmospheric plasma as a form of flow control is a relatively novel technique for controlling boundary layer losses, reducing drag, and increasing overall airflow efficiency of immersed bodies in fluids. One method for achieving flow control through the use of atmospheric plasma is via a pulsed-dc dielectric barrier plasma actuator. The goal of this work is to measure and calculate the plasma temperature and electron density of the atmospheric plasma generated via a pulsed-dc actuator and using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in quiescent air conditions.
Multi-Center Experience of Vedolizumab Effectiveness in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background:Though vedolizumab has received regulatory approval for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in adults, there is increasing off-label use in children.Aims:To describe the experience with vedolizumab in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients at 3 t
Effect of deadrise angles on hydrodynamic performance of a stepped hull

Stepped planning hulls are commonly used on fast planning boats and water-based aircraft, but numerical means for simulating their hydrodynamics are rather limited. In this study, a panel method involving hydrodynamic sources has been applied for modeling a stepped planning hull and accounting for water surface deformations in the air-ventilated cavity and surrounding water domain. Parametric calculations have been carried out for a selected hull with variable deadrise angles and at two speed regimes. Results are shown for the boat attitude, lift–drag ratio, and drag components. The variations of the wetted surfaces on two bodies of a stepped hull are also presented and related to variations in hydrodynamic characteristics of the hull.
Selective non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde and hydrogen on highly dilute NiCu alloys

Abstract The non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde has long been considered as an important method to produce acetaldehyde and clean hydrogen gas. Although monometallic Cu nanoparticles have high activity in the non-oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol, they quickly deactivate due to sintering of Cu. Herein, we show that adding a small amount of Ni (Ni0.01Cu − Ni0.001Cu) into Cu to form highly dilute NiCu alloys dramatically increases the catalytic activity and increases their long-term stability. The kinetic studies show that the apparent activation energy decreases from ∼70 kJ/mol over Cu to ∼45 kJ/mol over the dilute NiCu alloys. The improved performance is observed both for nanoparticles and nanoporous NiCu alloys. The improvement in the long-term stability of the catalysts is attributed to the stabilization of Cu against sintering. Our characterization data show that Ni is atomically dispersed in Cu. The comparison of the catalytic performance of highly dilute alloy nanoparticles with nanoporous materials is useful to guide the design of novel mesoporous catalyst architectures for selective dehydrogenation reactions.
Speaker commitments: Presupposition

The view that presuppositions are a variety of speaker commitment is supported by showing that deviance results from presupposing something while undertaking incompatible commitments. Similarities and differences in projection patterns of presuppositions and conversational implicatures, which are not speaker commitments, reveal the ease with which projected conversational implicatures can be mistaken for presuppositions and also the importance of not confounding the two. Some predictions of recent proposals for a unitary account of all projective content (Simons et al. 2010, 2015) are examined, and criticism of some predictions is presented along with some counterevidence. The conclusion is that any theory of presupposition must respect the fact that presuppositions are speaker commitments.
Peptide and Protein-Based Therapeutic Agents

Abstract Peptides and proteins are naturally occurring large molecules that perform different functions and events to ensure proper functioning of the body. Peptides and protein therapeutics have gained much attention in recent years. Although peptide and protein therapeutics possess high impact in the health industry, delivery of these molecules is limited due to several factors such as large size, hydrophilic nature, and enzymatic cleavage. In this chapter various peptide and protein therapeutics have been debated. Moreover, challenges associated with the delivery of these macromolecules have been provided. Effect of glycosylation, mannosylation, and PEGylation on protein and peptides is also included. Finally, different colloidal delivery systems that may be used to deliver macromolecules have been discussed.
Damaged Mitochondrial DNA as a Potent Inducer of Lung Inflammation

Pulmonary epithelial cells are key effectors and targets in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases. Oxidative stress in airways has been implicated as an early event in development of lung injury during asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome and other lung diseases. Highly oxygenated tissues such as lungs are particularly prone to oxidative stress injury. Although mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly susceptible to oxidant-induced damage, the pathogenic role of mtDNA damage has not been investigated in connection to the lung epithelial cell injury. Our hypothesis is that damaged mtDNA acts as a novel sentinel molecule at the earliest phase of the induction of inflammatory response in pulmonary epithelial cell. We developed model of various level of mtDNA-specific damage (mild, moderate and severe) in normal lung epithelial cells (BEAS 2B). We mesaured gradual and selective release of exosomes containing fragments of the mtDNA but not of the nuclear DNA in response to oxidative stress, which was not associated with cell death. We detected significant increase in expression of cytokines/chemokines (IL1a, IL6, IL8, Gm-CSF, VEGF) in response to mtDNA-specific damage. Also mtDNA-specific damage resulted in remodeling of oxidative phosphorylation. Severe level of the mtDNA damage resulted in depletion of BEAS 2B cells from mtDNA (rho0) with impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics. Intracellular DNA receptor, Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), interacts with damaged mtDNA at the earliest stages of inflammatory response. Finally, treatment of BEAS 2B cells with damaged mtDNA cause inflammatory response. Our current efforts focus on understanding the autocrine/paracrine signaling pathway mediated by damaged mtDNA various in vivo models.
The impact of the lifetime depression history on alcohol consumption in male and female alcoholics

Background Psychiatric co-morbidities and alcohol craving are known contributors to differences in alcohol consumption patterns. Methods Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association and interactions between the Inventory of Drug Taking Situations (IDTS) negative, positive and temptation sub-scale scores, sex, as well as co-morbid depression and anxiety determined by Psychiatric Research Interview of Substance and Mood Disorders (PRISM) with alcohol consumption measured by Time Line Follow Back (TLFB) during preceding 90 days in 287 males and 156 females meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence. Results IDTS positive, negative and temptation scores were strongly associated with increased alcohol consumption measures including the number of drinks per day and number of drinking days per week (P 0.05). In men, lifetime history of depression was associated with fewer drinking days (P = 0.0084) and fewer hazardous drinking days (P = 0.0214) but not with differences in daily alcohol consumption. In women, depression history was not significantly associated with alcohol consumption measures. Post-hoc sex-stratified analyses suggested that the association of the negative IDTS score with total amount of alcohol consumed by men may be modified (decreased) by lifetime depression history. We found no associations of alcohol consumption measures with anxiety or substance-induced depression. Discussion Decreased frequency of drinking in male alcoholics with lifetime depression history is unexpected. This finding emphasizes the complex relationships between alcoholism and depression, which require further investigation.
Identifying data-manipulators in power system mode estimation loops with noisy measurements

We develop an algorithm that can detect the identity of false data-injection attackers in distributed optimization loops for estimating oscillation modes in power system models when the measurements used for the estimation are noisy. The fundamental set-up for the optimization is based on a distributed version of total least-squares (TLS) executed via Alternating Direction Multiplier Method (ADMM). The algorithm is implemented via message passing between a set of local estimators and a central coordinator. Some of these local estimators are assumed to be compromised by malicious attackers that send incorrect values of their local estimates to the coordinator. We show that if the central supervisor, instead of computing the average of the local estimates as is the usual approach in ADMM, employs a deterministic ordered Round-Robbin technique to generate the consensus variable, then it is possible to catch the identity of the manipulators by simply observing the evolution of the consensus variable. We also show that choosing the right order based on the TLS estimates can amplify the attack signatures, which helps in reducing false alarms in presence of noise. We illustrate the results using simulations of the IEEE 68-bus power system model.
A hybrid solar radiation modeling approach using wavelet multiresolution analysis and artificial neural networks

Abstract Assessment of solar potential over a location of interest is an important step towards the successful planning of renewable energy projects. However, solar data are not available for every point of interest due to the absence of meteorological stations and sophisticated solar sensors, so solar radiation has to be estimated using models. This paper presents a hybrid technique to improve the performance of a widely used modeling technique i.e. artificial neural network (ANN). Four different architectures of ANN, namely: multilayer perceptron (MLP), Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), Nonlinear autoregressive recurrent exogenous neural network (NARX), and generalized regression neural networks (GRNN), are used in this study. A wavelet multiresolution analysis is applied to decompose the complex meteorological signals into relatively simple parts, wavelet sub-series, using discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) algorithm. The wavelet sub-series are modeled by the ANN models and reconstructed to estimate the original signal. Hence, enhancing the learning process of these models. Four meteorological parameters, namely: temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), and sunshine duration (SSD), are used to mode the global horizontal irradiation (GHI) over Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates. The proposed approach is compared to standalone ANN models and validated using well-known statistical validation metrics including coefficient of determination (R 2 ), root mean square error (RMSE), mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and t -statistics. In addition, wavelet cross spectrum (WCS) is used as a visual indicator of the model performance in time, frequency, and phase domains. The results show that using the proposed strategy considerably improves the modeling performance of the ANN with a maximum improvement of 6.84% in R 2 for MLP. In addition, minimum RMSE of 2.78% is observed for GRNN.
Initial Public Offering Database: Audio of Presentation

This data set is comprised of all initial public offerings filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from June 1996 through 2006, excluding spin-offs, mutual funds, REITs, and so-called small business IPOs.
Siberia in the Late Glacial and Early Postglacial

The problems of the peopling of Siberia and those of the peopling of the New World are one and the same. Regardless of when or how many times humans pressed north and east across this vast region, the successful solution to the adaptive problems they faced was an absolute precondition to their entry into the Western Hemisphere. During the last Glacial Maximum and spanning the late Glacial periods, lowered sea levels had united Asia and America at Beringia. Northern Asia experienced no continental glaciation, whereas northern North America was virtually locked in ice from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. Large areas of eastern Beringia (Alaska and the northern part of the Yukon Territory) remained ice-free and may have been connected at times to interior North America through an ice-free corridor. But for all practical purposes, the unglaciated regions of northwest North America had become an extension of Asia and were virtually cut off from the rest of North America.
Functions with Restricted Transforms

The Fourier transforms of functions in signal processing systems typically have support in certain fixed regions within the frequency domain. Such band-limited functions are constrained in ways that are perhaps surprising at first. The sampling theorem provides a method for recovering functions of one variable that are band-limited to an interval from a discrete set of samples. This motivates a more general study of functions whose Fourier transforms have restricted support. Further light is shed on this phenomenon by the fact that such one-variable band-limited functions are entire functions satisfying certain integral and pointwise growth conditions. In fact, the Paley-Wiener theorem actually characterizes functions band-limited to an interval by these conditions. It is another indication that band-limited functions are somewhat rigid in their structure. Also of extreme importance, are the constraints on the number of linearly independent band-limited functions that can be ‘packed’ into a given time interval. A rigorous exploration, due to Landau, Slepian and Pollak, of this time-bandwidth intuition will be given in the last section of this chapter.
Fetal Head and Neck Masses: MRI Prediction of Significant Morbidity.

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to determine which MRI parameters of fetal head and neck masses predict high-morbidity neonatal outcomes, including ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) pro...
Applications to Natural Resources

The increase in world population is causing a corresponding increase in the demand for consumption of natural resources. As a consequence the optimal management and utilization of natural resources is becoming increasingly important. There are two main kinds of natural resource models: those involving renewable resources such as fish, food, timber, etc., and those involving nonrenewable or exhaustible resources such as petroleum, minerals, etc.
Plutonium-239 half life determined by isotope dilution mass spectrometric measurement of grown-in uranium-235

Abstract As part of an inter-laboratory effort, the half life of 239 Pu has been measured on a shared 239 Pu metal material. Grown-in daughter 235 U was measured after intervals of 1.4 and 1.7 yr by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. The detemined half life is 24,164yr with an associted standard deviation of 14yr and 95% confidence limits of ±34yr. Experimental uncertainties at all stages of measurement and their statistical treatment are discussed in detail.
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF HEATH CARE PROFESSIONALS ON OPIOID-INDUCED ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY

Objective: Opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency (OIAI) is reported in up to 29% of chronic opioid users through suppression of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Unrecognized adrenal insufficiency leads to increased morbidity and potentially death; thus, healthcare provider (HCP) awareness of OIAI is crucial. The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge and current practices of HCPs regarding OIAI and to identify factors associated with decreased awareness. Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional, anonymous survey of HCPs in internal medicine specialties that prescribe or care for patients taking chronic opioids. Results: Of 91 (30%) participants who completed the survey, 51 (56%) were men and 52 (57%) were in training. Most responders were general internal medicine providers (n = 33, 36%), followed by endocrinologists (n = 13, 14%) and various other specialties (n = 45, 49%). While 61 (67%) of respondents prescribed opioids, only 17 (19%) were comfortable in their knowledge of opioid side effects. Among nonendocrine providers, 53 (68%) identified adrenal insufficiency as a known opioid-induced endocrinopathy. Compared to other providers, endocrinologists were more likely to recognize opioid-related endocrinopathies (69% versus 24%, P = .01) and to identify the correct symptoms for OIAI (38% versus 9%, P <.001). One in four nonendocrine providers reported discomfort in managing glucocorticoid replacement therapy. The majority (60%) of providers indicated that online resources and continuing medical education lectures would improve knowledge of OIAI. Conclusion: Our study identified several deficiencies in HCP knowledge of opioid-induced endocrine effects, especially in nonendocrine providers. As many symptoms of OIAI overlap with those of underlying conditions, OIAI could be potentially missed, highlighting the need to further educate providers about opioid-induced endocrinopathies. Abbreviations: ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone; AI = adrenal insufficiency; CME = continuing medical education; HCP = healthcare professional; OIAI = opioid-induced adrenal insufficiency.
Functional Differential Equations

A distinguishing feature of ordinary differential equations is that the future behavior of solutions depends only upon the present (initial) values of the solution. Numerous physical, economic, biological, and social systems, though, exhibit hereditary dependence. That is, the future state of the system depends not only upon the present state, but also upon past states. Models of such systems must take into account this hereditary effect. We illustrate this with some examples.
A novel synthesis of 5‐acylaminooxazoles

1,2-Diacylamino-1,2-di(benzotriazol-1-yl)ethanes 2, easily prepared from the condensation of 1,2-di(benzotriazol-1-yl)ethane-1,2-diol (1) and primary amides, were converted to 5-acylaminooxazoles in good to moderate yields via intramolecular cyclization upon treatment with sodium hydride.
MCM Passivation Studies for Enhanced Producibility and Reliability

This paper presents the research activities of the Florida Institute of Technology in the area of advanced electronic packaging. A number of research projects have been conducted all aimed at increasing producibility and reliability of multichip modules. The primary concentration of effort has been on improved passivation processes. Data is reported on silicone gels as well as silicon nitride for protective overcoat on integrated circuits.
The Ghost of Tom Joad: Property, Guns, and the Law

As contemporary Americans grapple with divided politics, mistreatment of displaced people, and, in particular, the challenges posed by gun violence, The Grapes of Wrath -- one of the most widely read and burned books in the U.S. -- provides a vital political text. Contemporary gun narratives claim that armed citizens thwart tyrannical government and injustice. Yet Steinbeck tells a very different story about individual gun ownership. Despite almost universal ownership of guns among male farmers, guns are rendered impotent and irrelevant for protest. Instead, guns are the instruments of power that sustain corporate agriculture by intimidating workers, discouraging unionization, and enforcing laws that limit the movement, health, survival, and dignity of the dispossessed migrants. In the context of corporate agriculture and large-scale property ownership, privately and publicly deployed guns erode the legitimacy of the police, rule of law, and government -- triggering collective rebellion.
Emotional Communication in Advanced Pediatric Cancer Conversations.

Abstract Context Cancer is a life-changing diagnosis accompanied by significant emotional distress, especially for children with advanced disease. However, the content and processes of discussing emotion in advanced pediatric cancer remain unknown. Objectives To describe the initiation, response, and content of emotional communication in advanced pediatric cancer. Methods We audiorecorded 35 outpatient consultations between oncologists and families of children whose cancer recently progressed. We coded conversations based on Verona Coding Definitions of Emotional Sequences. Results About 91% of conversations contained emotional cues, and 40% contained explicit emotional concerns. Parents and clinicians equally initiated cues (parents: 48%, 183 of 385; clinicians: 49%) and concerns (parents: 51%; clinicians: 49%). Children initiated 3% of cues and no explicit concerns. Emotional content was most commonly related to physical aspects of cancer and/or treatment (28% of cues and/or concerns, present in 80% of conversations) and prognosis (27% of cues and/or concerns, present in 60% of conversations). Clinicians mostly responded to emotional cues and concerns implicitly, without specifically naming the emotion (85%). Back channeling (using minimal prompts or words that encourage further disclosure, e.g., uh-huh) was the most common implicit response that provided space for emotional disclosure (32% of all responses). Information advice was the most common implicit response that reduced space for further emotional disclosure (28%). Conclusion Emotional communication in advanced pediatric cancer appears to be a subtle process where parents offer hints and clinicians respond with non-emotion-laden statements. Also, children were seldom engaged in emotional conversations. Clinicians should aim to create an environment that allows families to express emotional distress if and/or when ready.
Leveraging Electronic Health Records and Administrative Datasets to Understand Social Determinants of Health: Opportunities and Challenges

BackgroundElectronic health records (EHRs) are ubiquitous in modern health care systems and contain granular detail about an individual’s medical care. EHRs, however can be extremely limited in the amount of information about the patient’s socioeconomic status and other non-clinical factors that relate to social determinants of health (SDOH). As increasing evidence supports the role of socioeconomic and environmental factors having a greater impact on overall health than health care services, it is important to create novel data analysis methods that can improve our understanding of SDOH factors for each patient and the greater population a health system cares for. Main AimTo demonstrate the feasibility and value of linking EHRs with administrative datasets to produce SDOH insights and better support research, quality improvement initiatives and operational decision making. Methods/ApproachWe linked EHR’s at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, between 2015-2019, with administrative datasets including the US Census and the American Community Survey Datasets for over 40,000 pediatric patients. This required the validation of geocoding addresses and spatial join techniques to provide clinical insight into the individual patient along with SDOH insights into their neighborhood environment. We then conducted several studies that combined individual clinical factors and neighborhood socioeconomic risk factors to improve our understanding and care pathways for patients. ResultsLinking EHR data and administrative datasets required novel methods with unique challenges. Challenges included conducting such analysis with concern for the protection of patient privacy, overcoming technical data linkage challenges, and understanding the limitations of administrative dataset granularity when compared to detailed granularity of individual medical records. Presentation of results to further ensure patient confidentiality and privacy was also critical to our analysis. ConclusionEHRs and administrative datasets can be successfully linked together to leverage the strength of both traditional clinical data and SDOH factors. While there can be technical and privacy related challenges, there are many benefits of using administrative datasets to provide unique multidimensional insights into socioeconomic and environmental impacts of health.
Linguotectal contact patterns in the dental and retroflex stops of Hindi

Using the technique of electropalatography, linguotectal contact patterns were obtained during the production of Hindi dental and retroflex stops /t/–/d/ and /ʈ/–/ɖ/. Nonsense words of the form /bi-ib/, /bu-ub/ and /ba-ab/ containing these stops in symmetrical vocalic context were spoken in a carrier sentence by a native speaker of Hindi. Overall contact was greater for the retroflex than for the dental stops, though the central constriction was narrower for the former than for the latter. In both the retroflex and the dental stops, the central constriction was narrower for the voiced than for the voiceless stops. Vowel context affected the retroflex stops more than the dentals, perhaps indicating that exact place of contact is not critical for the retroflex but is for the dental stops. The present results, along with other articulatory studies of Hindi–Urdu, suggest that the traditional articulatory descriptions of the dental and retroflex stops are phonetically inaccurate, and that retroflex stops do not form a single invariant category in terms of previously proposed distinctive features.
Heat-treatment effects on a bimetallic additively-manufactured structure (BAMS) of the low-carbon steel and austenitic-stainless steel

Abstract A bimetallic additively-manufactured structure (BAMS) is a type of functionally-graded multi-material structure used for achieving different complementary material properties within the same structure as well as cost optimization. Wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) offers the capability to fabricate the BAMS in a simultaneous or sequential way. To fully utilize the benefits of the BAMS, the interfacial joint should be strong, and each of the constituents should have reasonable mechanical integrity. For this, a BAMS of low-carbon steel and austenitic-stainless steel was fabricated using a gas-metal-arc-welding (GMAW)-based WAAM process. Then, the BAMS was heat-treated at a range of 800 °C to 1100 °C and 30 min to 2 h. This resulted in 35% and 250% increases in the ultimate tensile strength and elongation, compared to the as-deposited BAMS. After the heat-treatment, the failure location moved from the low-carbon-steel to the stainless-steel side. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAx), and the Vickers hardness test were used to characterize the BAMS. In this paper, it is experimentally validated that heat-treatment at 950 °C-1 h is the near-optimal condition for the BAMS.
Development of tunable longwave infrared filters based on guided-mode resonance

We describe development of spectrally tunable micro-engineered filters operating in the longwave infrared (LWIR) region from 8 to 12 μm based on using the guided-mode resonance (GMR) effect. The device structure consists of a subwavelength dielectric grating on top of a homogeneous waveguide using high index dielectric transparent materials, i.e., germanium (Ge) with a refractive index of 4.0 and zinc selenide (ZnSe) substrate with refractive index of 2.4. The filters are designed to reflect the incident broadband light at one (or more) narrow spectral band while fully transmitting the rest of the light. The tuning of the reflection wavelength is achieved by changing the angle of incidence of light by mechanically tilting the filter. Filters based on one-dimensional gratings are polarization dependent and those based on two-dimensional gratings are polarization independent at normal incidence of light. Both 1-D and 2-D gratings were designed and characterized. Anti-reflection coatings were applied on substrate interfaces to improve transmission over the entire spectral region. We carried out transmission measurements of these filters using an automated tunable room temperature quantum cascade laser (QCL) system operating from 7.3 to 12.9 μm, and a modified Fourier Transform Spectrometer with a custom designed chamber for normal incidence of light on the sample. We present detailed characterization experiments and compare the theoretical and experimental results.
Development and psychometric validation of the Dispositional Recovery and Dysfunction Inventory: a tool to assess for positive and negative cognitions following trauma exposure.

BACKGROUND Recovery from trauma can be naturally occurring or facilitated through psychotherapy. Few brief measures exist to provide clinicians with dispositional, empirical assessments of patient's sentiments during psychotherapy. AIMS This manuscript presents the Dispositional Recovery and Dysfunction Inventory (DRDI), a measure created to assist clinicians in evaluating patient's treatment progress during psychotherapy, as well as evaluate its factor structure, reliability estimates, measurement invariance, and correlates. METHOD The DRDI was created based on feedback from experts with experience treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and was structurally validated in two distinct populations. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted in sample 1 consisting of (n=401) university students. Confirmatory factor analysis, measure validity and structure validation were then conducted in sample 2 (n=249) composed of 49% individuals with clinically significant PTSD symptoms. RESULTS Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the DRDI was best represented by a two-factor correlated traits model representing sentiments related to dispositional recovery and dysfunctional cognitions. The recovery subscale exhibited relationships with convergent measures including authenticity and psychological hardiness (r values of .30 to .60). The dysfunctional beliefs subscale exhibited relationships with convergent measures: PTSD, depression, suicidality and stress (r values of .55 to 80). Measurement invariance across gender and PTSD status was observed. CONCLUSION Initial findings indicate that the DRDI has the potential to be a useful tool to assess individuals' beliefs about their propensity to recover from and thrive through adversity.
Kāvya’s Repeat Performances: Intersections of Aesthetics, yoga-parikarma-bhāvanā, and the Logic of Medium-Specificity in Daśarūpaka’s Discussion of śāntarasa

Kāvya’s Repeat Performances. Intersections of Aesthetics, yoga-parikarma-bhāvanā, and the Logic of Medium-Specificity in Daśarūpaka’s Discussion of śāntarasa Largely left underexplored in rasa studies has been an implication made in the middle of the tenth century that śāntarasa eludes theorization with respect to the theater (nāṭya) but may function within an exclusive theory of poetry (kāvya). A discussion in the Daśarūpaka (“The Ten Dramatic Forms”) and its commentary cryptically imply in the fourth chapter of that work that if śāntarasa is viable at all as a genre of rasa theory, it is medium-specific to kāvya and not possible in nāṭya. Though śāntarasa is a dubious category for theater theory and pragmatics, they seem to argue, it may be acceptable in poetry through a synergy of two theoretical schemas: poetics and Yoga psychology. Reviewing these arguments opens up a larger conversation about the significance of medium to rasa theory and the inherent limitations for conceiving unified theories of art.
PIGO: A Parallel Graph Input/Output Library

Graph and sparse matrix systems are highly tuned, able to run complex graph analytics in fractions of seconds on billion-edge graphs. For both developers and researchers, the focus has been on computational kernels and not end-to-end runtime. Despite the significant improvements that modern hardware and operating systems have made towards input and output, these can still become application bottlenecks. Unfortunately, on high-performance shared-memory graph systems running billion-scale graphs, reading the graph from file systems easily takes over 2000× longer than running the computational kernel. This slowdown causes both a disconnect for end users and a loss of productivity for researchers and developers.We close the gap by providing a simple to use, small, header-only, and dependency-free C++11 library that brings I/O improvements to graph and matrix systems. Using our library, we improve the end-to-end performance for state-of-the-art systems significantly—in many cases by over 40×.
‘We were turned into Jews’: space, subjectivation, and resistance in occupied Paris

Recent geographical scholarship has shown that the persecution and extermination of European Jews during the Holocaust was associated with profound spatial transformations at every scale, from the ...
Stereotactic radiosurgery with immunotherapy is associated with improved overall survival in patients with metastatic melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer: a National Cancer Database analysis

Immunotherapy is now a first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanomaQuery. It is important to understand the relationship between immunotherapy and radiation to the brain. The aim of this study was to assess the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or WBRT in addition to immunotherapy in patients with melanoma or NSCLC metastatic to the brain. Using the National Cancer Database, 2951 patients with NSCLC and 936 patients with melanoma treated with immunotherapy were identified. Patients were classified as having received immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy with SRS, or immunotherapy with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Kaplan–Meier, multivariate Cox regression analyses, and propensity matching were performed to evaluate the impact of adding SRS to immunotherapy on overall survival (OS). Immortal survival bias was accounted for by only including patients who received radiation before immunotherapy and time zero was defined as the start of immunotherapy. 205(6.9%) and 75(8.0%) patients received immunotherapy with no radiation, 822(27.9%) and 326(34.8%) received SRS and immunotherapy, and 1924(65.2%) and 535(57.2%) received WBRT and immunotherapy for NSCLC and melanoma, respectively. Adding SRS to immunotherapy was associated with improved OS in multivariate analyses (NSCLC HR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.66–0.99, p = 0.044; melanoma HR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.45–0.90, p = 0.011). The addition of WBRT to immunotherapy did not improve OS in patients with melanoma nor NSCLC. This analysis suggests that treatment with SRS and immunotherapy is associated with improved OS compared to immunotherapy alone for patients with melanoma or NSCLC metastatic to the brain.
CHAPTER 287 – Transcriptional Regulation via the cAMP Responsive Activator CREB

Phosphorylation constitutes a predominant mechanism by which transcription factors are regulated in response to extracellular signals. The first phosphorylation-dependent activator to be described, the cAMP responsive factor CREB, belongs to the basic region/leucine zipper family of activators, which includes, among others, jun, fos, and myc. CREB binds as a homodimer to a conserved cAMP responsive element (CRE), which often appears as a palindromic sequence (TGACGTCA), but also occurs as a lower affinity half site (TGACG). Treatment with cAMP agonist stimulates cellular gene expression by promoting phosphorylation of CREB at Ser133. The amplitude of target gene expression achieved in response to cAMP agonist is proportional to signal strength. CREB behaves as a constitutive activator when assayed with crude nuclear extracts on a naked DNA template; and Ser133 phosphorylation has only marginal effects on transcription. CREB behaves as a constitutive activator when assayed with crude nuclear extracts on a naked DNA template; and Ser133 phosphorylation has only marginal effects on transcription.
Thyroxine-binding Prealbumin CONFORMATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

Abstract Thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) has a molecular weight of 54,000 in aqueous solution and dissociates into 4 subunits of identical size in 6 m guanidine. From the far ultraviolet circular dichroic spectra, about half of the peptide groups were estimated to form β structures and the other half to be essentially unordered. The internal organization of TBPA appears not to change between pH 12 and 3.5. There is a structural transition between pH 3.5 and 2.5 which involves exposure of all of the buried aromatic chromophores. TBPA is not dissociated in strong acid or alkali or in 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Air-stable solution-processed n-channel organic thin film transistors with polymer-enhanced morphology

N,N′-1H,1H-perfluorobutyl dicyanoperylenecarboxydiimide (PDIF-CN2) is an n-type semiconductor exhibiting high electron mobility and excellent air stability. However, the reported electron mobility based on spin-coated PDIF-CN2 film is much lower than the value of PDIF-CN2 single crystals made from vapor phase deposition, indicating significant room for mobility enhancement. In this study, various insulating polymers, including poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(alpha-methylstyrene) (PαMS), are pre-coated on silicon substrate aiming to enhance the morphology of the PDIF-CN2 thin film, thereby improving the charge transport and air stability. Atomic force microscopy images reveal that with the pre-deposition of PαMS or PMMA polymers, the morphology of the PDIF-CN2 polycrystalline films is optimized in semiconducting crystal connectivity, domain size, and surface roughness, which leads to significant improvement of organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) performance. Particularly, an...
Monitoring the Middle School Movement: Are Teachers In Step?

A descriptive study examined the degree to which middle level teachers in grades 6-8 in three states accept the tenets of the middle school philosophy. The guiding questions were: (1) Does a cross difference in variables exist among teachers from different organizational settings or grade configurations in respect to the teacher’s acceptance of the tenets of the middle school philosophy? (2) Does a cross difference in variables exist among teachers who hold different types of certification or licensure in respect to the teacher’s acceptance of the tenets of the middle school philosophy? Based on the overall data, the middle school movement appears to be making steady progress. Data in this study suggest substantial teacher acceptance of the middle school philosophy across the various organizational settings. Pearson chi square values denoting significant differences across building configurations were revealed for eight of the 20 survey questions. A greater sense of uniformity existed across certification or licensure types with significant differences uncovered for four of the 20 questions.
Ranking gene regulatory network models with microarray data and bayesian network

Researchers often have several different hypothesises on the possible structures of the gene regulatory network (GRN) underlying the biological model they study. It would be very helpful to be able to rank the hypothesises using existing data. Microarray technologies enable us to monitor the expression levels of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously. Given the expression levels of almost all of the well-substantiated genes in an organism under many experimental conditions, it is possible to evaluate the hypothetical gene regulatory networks with statistical methods. We present RankGRN, a web-based tool for ranking hypothetical gene regulatory networks. RankGRN scores the gene regulatory network models against microarray data using Bayesian Network methods. The score reflects how well a gene network model explains the microarray data. A posterior probability is calculated for each network based on the scores. The networks are then ranked by their posterior probabilities. RankGRN is available online at [http://GeneNet.org/bn]. RankGRN is a useful tool for evaluating the hypothetical gene network models’ capability of explaining the observational gene expression data (i.e. the microarray data). Users can select the gene network model that best explains the microarray data.
Integrating Emotionally Focused Therapy, Self-Compassion, and Compassion-Focused Therapy to Assist Shame-Prone Couples Who Have Experienced Trauma:

Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) for couples in which one or both partners have a history of trauma and are shame prone presents unique challenges that can potentially impede the therapeutic proce...
Algorithms to take advantage of hardware prefetching

Cache-oblivious and cache-aware algorithms have been developed to minimize cache misses. Some of the newest processors have hardware prefetching where cache misses are avoided by predicting ahead of time what memory will be needed in the future and bringing that memory into the cache before it is used. It is shown that hardware prefetching permits the standard Floyd-Warshall algorithm for all-pairs shortest paths to outperform cache-oblivious and cache-aware algorithms. A simple improvement to the standard simple dynamic programming algorithm yields an algorithm that takes advantage of prefetching, and outperforms cache-oblivious and cache-aware algorithms. Finally, it is shown that variants of standard FFT algorithms exhibit good prefetching performance.
The Unknown World of the Mobile Home

John Fraser Hart, Michelle J. Rhodes, and John T. Morgan. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 2002. 142 pp., maps, photos, biblio., and appendix. For over three decades, the manufactured...