cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Kinetically Controlled Cellular Interactions of Polymer-Polymer and Polymer-Liposome Nanohybrid Systems

Although bioactive polymers such as cationic polymers have demonstrated potential as drug carriers and nonviral gene delivery vectors, high toxicity and uncontrolled, instantaneous cellular interactions of those vectors have hindered the successful implementation In Vivo. Fine control over the cellular interactions of a potential drug/gene delivery vector would be thus desirable. Herein, we have designed nanohybrid systems (100-150 nm in diameter) that combine the polycations with protective outer layers consisting of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) or liposomes. A commonly used polycation polyethylenimine (PEI) was employed after conjugation with rhodamine (RITC). The PEI-RITC conjugates were then encapsulated into (i) polymeric NPs made of either poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA); or (ii) PEGylated liposomes, resulting in three nanohybrid systems. Through the nanohybridization, both cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of the nanohybrids were kinetically controlled. The cytotoxicity assay using MCF-7 cells revealed that liposome-based nanohybrids exhibited the least toxicity, followed by PEG-PLGA- and PLGA-based NPs after 24 h incubation. The different kinetics of cellular uptake was also observed, the liposome-based systems being the fastest and PLGA-based systems being the slowest. The results present a potential delivery platform with enhanced control over its biological interaction kinetics and passive targeting capability through size control.
Approximate mode I velocity correction factors for 90° unidirectional fibre composites

Abstract A static Mode III isotropic/Mode I orthotropic analogy is developed for 90° highly orthotropic fibre composites. This static analogy is extended to the dynamic regime and velocity correction factors are obtained for the dynamic energy release rate and the dynamic stress intensity factor. The complete dynamic analogies are given. The approximate 90° orthotropic velocity correction factors are compared with various isotropic velocity correction factors and are shown to be equal to the approximate 0° orthotropic velocity correction factors which were derived via a similar analogy. The Mode I velocity correction factors for orthotropic composites which do not satisfy the ‘highly orthotropic’ requirement are discussed also.
Dual Diagnosis Patients in the Urban Psychiatric Emergency Room

Substance abuse among the mentally ill has become increasingly prominent. This article describes the problems presented by dual diagnosis patients in the urban, publicly funded, psychiatric emergency room. When such patients become acutely ill, neither the public health system nor the mental health clinician is adequately prepared to provide care. The inability to effectively treat these patients has become strikingly clear in recent years. In 1986, the Psychiatric Emergency Service at San Francisco General Hospital began to overflow with patients who required overnight stays. The intoxicated substance abusers with acute psychiatric complaints were the most difficult to manage clinically and administratively. Suggestions are offered for innovative approaches to this group of public patients: dual training of clinicians, flexible treatment programs prepared to deal with the whole person, and public funding that reflects patients' needs rather than clinicians' preferences.
The effect of anti-phase domain size on the ductility of a rapidly solidified Ni3Al-Cr alloy

Tensile tests on splat-quenched Ni 3 Al-Cr alloys showed a sharp decrease in ductility with long-time annealing. The growth of the initially very-fine size anti-phase domains showed a tenuous correlation with ductility up to a critical size, where ductility was lost. The grain size was relatively unaffected by these annealing treatments, but the grain-boundary curvature decreased, implying less toughness. An important observation was that for the longest annealing time a chromium-rich precipitate formed, which our data indicate could be a boride. Miniaturized tensile tests were performed on samples which were all obtained from the same splat-quenched foil, and the various domain sizes were controlled by subsequent annealing treatments.
The economics of operator participation in automatic testing

After briefly considering some of the factors which should be considered when installing automatic test equipment, the paper gives detailed consideration to ways in which the degree and nature of operator participation affects the cost of operation. The area of machine interface is significant and a field test console developed for testing of Army radio equipment is quoted as an example where a well designed interface significantly reduces the overall test time, lowers the level of skill required to operate the equipment and generally increases the integrity of testing.
A temperature-stable clock using multiple temperature-compensated micro-resonators

In this work, we propose a multi-resonator system capable of achieving a temperature-stable frequency output across a wide temperature range. This system utilizes three temperature-compensated MEMS oscillators whose frequency output undergoes two stages of multiplication and mixing to generate a stable clock signal. In contrast with other circuit compensation techniques, this implementation obviates the need for accurate temperature sensing of the resonator and power hungry ovenization circuits and makes the output stable across the entire calibration range. A system consisting of three temperature-compensated MEMS Pierce oscillators based on AlN-on-silicon ring resonators is implemented and serves as a proof of concept verification for the presented algorithm. A total frequency shift of +/- 8 ppm is seen across the temperature range of -40 °C to +60 °C.
Delinquency and Crime Among Youths in the Philippines: A Test of Legal Cynicism

The construct of legal cynicism is gaining currency in the United States and other western developed countries in explaining why people break the law. This construct is viable in societies with strong economies and mature political and criminal justice institutions. This paper asks whether the construct of legal cynicism is applicable in societies with differing economic, political and social conditions. Specifically, the paper investigates whether legal cynicism can explain the delinquent behaviors of youths in the Philippines. Despite diligent efforts to duplicate the measures of legal cynicism, the paper finds that this construct is a weak predictor of youth delinquent behaviors. This contradictory finding is explained by looking at the historical and sociopolitical conditions of the country.
Making philosophy of economics relevant

Reiss' book is an important contribution to philosophy of economics, and in many ways it is a paradigm of how I believe philosophy of economics can fruitfully be done. I want to first discuss its g...
Exposure to cadmium during gestation and lactation decreases cocaine self-administration in rats.

Abstract This investigation examined the effects of perinatal cadmium exposure on subsequent self-administration of cocaine during the adult cycle. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were gavaged daily with 0.0 (14% sucrose solution, w/v) or 5.0 mg cadmium chloride (dissolved in 14% sucrose solution, w/v) for 30 days prior to breeding with non-exposed males. Dams continued to experience cadmium exposure through gestation and until pups were weaned at postnatal day (PND) 21. On PND 70, offspring were anesthetized and chronic indwelling jugular catheters were implanted. Following recovery, test subjects were trained in operant chambers to self-administer 0.500 mg/kg infusion (inf) intravenous cocaine on a fixed-ratio (FR) 2 schedule of reinforcement. Following acquisition, self-administration rates were tested for saline, 0.030, 0.060, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.500 mg/kg inf cocaine. Rats exposed developmentally to cadmium self-administered significantly less than controls at saline, 0.030, and 0.060 mg/kg inf cocaine. These data indicate that early-life cadmium exposure, a common exposure vector of which is the use of tobacco products, may affect cocaine sensitivity.
Phenomenology and City Planning

Finding an ideal procedure for planning has always preoccupied theorists. The urgency of this task arguably has increased as imperatives and participants have diversified over the last half-century...
Absolute position total internal reflection microscopy with an optical tweezer

A noninvasive, in situ calibration method for total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM) based on optical tweezing is presented, which greatly expands the capabilities of this technique. We show that by making only simple modifications to the basic TIRM sensing setup and procedure, a probe particle’s absolute position relative to a dielectric interface may be known with better than 10 nm precision out to a distance greater than 1 μm from the surface. This represents an approximate 10× improvement in error and 3× improvement in measurement range over conventional TIRM methods. The technique’s advantage is in the direct measurement of the probe particle’s scattering intensity vs. height profile in situ, rather than relying on assumptions, inexact system analogs, or detailed knowledge of system parameters for calibration. To demonstrate the improved versatility of the TIRM method in terms of tunability, precision, and range, we show our results for the hindered near-wall diffusion coefficient for a spherical dielectric particle.
Potential of focused ultrasound in epilepsy surgery

The minimally invasive nature of FUS makes it an excellent candidate technology for epilepsy surgery. The limitation of currently available FUS systems is that the lesion must be deep in the brain to avoid bone heating. Thus, it is best suited for “subcortical” epilepsies, i.e. epilepsy resulting from lesions below the cortex. It is also desirable that the lesion be relatively small volume to avoid long treatment times and not be in eloquent cortex. Previous reports of seizure freedom after laser ablation of hypothalamic hamartomas and radiofrequency ablation of single subcortical nodules have been reported. Thus, we designed the Focused Ultrasound Subcortical Epilepsy (FUSE) study with these principles in mind.
Calcination of Be0 from Basic Acetate‐Derived Be(OH)2

X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and irfrared spectroscopy were used to study the changes in BeO powders produced by the calcination of basic acetate-derived Be(OH)2. Weight loss, hydroxyl ion cortent, particle configuration, and crystallite growth were observed as a function of increasing calcination temperature. Lowtemperature calcining (<360 deg C) yielded a BeO product that showed incomplete weight loss, very small crystallite size, and appreciable water contert. Calcining at high temperatures (7375 deg C) formed BeO showing the theoretically predictable weight loss and very little wnter presert. The size of the beryllia crystallites increased with increasing calcination temperature, but the size and shape of the particles remained constant. Basal-plane stacking faults were observed in the calcined BeO.
Agricultural seed biomass for migrating and wintering waterfowl in the Southeastern United States.

Waterfowl frequently acquire high-energy agricultural seeds in harvested and unharvested croplands during migration and winter. Estimates of agricultural seed biomass in harvested and unharvested corn, soybean, and grain sorghum fields do not exist or are outdated for the southeastern United States. Therefore, we estimated seed biomass in 105 harvested and 59 unharvested corn, soybean, and grain sorghum fields across 4 climate regions in Tennessee, USA, from September through January 2006 and 2007. We also used estimates of seed biomass to calculate duck-energy days (DEDs) in December and January when migratory waterfowl abundance peaks in the southeastern United States. Mean biomass of corn, soybean, and grain sorghum seed in harvested fields declined 239 kg/ha to 39 kg/ha, 118 kg/ha to 26 kg/ ha, and 392 kg/ha to 19 kg/ha, respectively, from postharvest to January. Continuous monthly rates of decline were 64% for corn, 84% for soybean, and 74% for grain sorghum. Agricultural seed biomass in harvested corn and grain sorghum fields dropped below the waterfowl giving-up density (i.e., 50 kg/ha) in 3 months; soybean dropped below this threshold 1 month postharvest. Mean DEDs/ha in harvested corn, soybean, and grain sorghum fields were low (274, 90, and 27, respectively) in January, and DEDs were zero in .85% of fields. In unharvested corn, soybean, and grain sorghum fields, mean DEDs/ha in January were high (69,000, 18,000, and 26,000, respectively), and continuous rates of decline (3%, 7%, and 18%, respectively) were much lower than for harvested crops. Waterfowl biologists in the Southeast should use our estimates of agricultural seed biomass in DED calculations. We also recommend that biologists provide unharvested grain fields and natural wetlands for migrating and wintering waterfowl because seed resources are low in harvested agricultural fields.
Effect of Dietary Hypercholesteremia on Host Immune Response

Although the concept of immunonutrition as a subject area and its use (Calder & Kew, 2002) is a relatively recent one, Hippocrates recognized a linkage between nutrition and good health in the following: “If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment, and exercise, not too little and not too much, we would have found the safest way to health.” Many have documented the specific connection between nutrition host resistance and immunity (Field, 2000; Field, Johnson, & Schley, 2002).
The Impact of Energy Efficient House Construction on Homeownership Costs: A Comparative Study in Gainesville, Florida

The goal of this study was to determine whether the Energy Star home program, as implemented in Gainesville, Florida, is reducing energy use and therefore costs relative to other homes and the extent of the savings. Analysis of Energy Star qualified houses found the savings were appreciable and statistically significant. The indicated energy savings for the average Energy Star household were $180 per year, which was capitalized to indicate a value increase of the average housing unit of $4,500 and the ability to afford a mortgage of $2,255 more than in the absence of the energy savings. The financial implications of these savings suggest that affordable housing policy needs to factor in continuing ownership costs in addition to the cost of the structure (the “first cost”) associated with purchasing a home. If the operating costs can be reduced, then the ability of a household to afford homeownership is improved.
Focal semiologic and electroencephalographic features in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Summary: Purpose: A few reports have described focal electroencephalographic or clinical features or both of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), but without video-EEG documentation. We examined focal clinical and EEG features in patients with JME who underwent video-EEG monitoring. Methods: Twenty-six patients (nine males and 17 females) who had seizures recorded during video-EEG monitoring were included. Age at seizure onset was 0 to 22 years (mean, 12.3 years), and age at monitoring was 12 to 44 years (mean, 26.5 years). In one patient with left parietooccipital epilepsy, primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures developed after resection of the parietal tumor. Two patients had both temporal lobe epilepsy and JME. Videotaped seizures in each patient were analyzed. Interictal and ictal EEG also were analyzed for any focal features. Results: Focal semiologic features were observed in 12 (46%) of 26 patients. Six patients had focal myoclonic seizures, and two had Figure 4 sign: one with version to the left, and another had left version followed by Figure 4 sign, and left arm clonic seizure. Their ictal EEGs were generalized at onset but with a lateralized evolution over the right hemisphere. The patient who had both JME and left parietooccipital epilepsy, right arm clonic seizure, and Figure 4 sign was seen during a generalized EEG seizure. Interictally, one patient had temporal sharp waves, and another had run of spikes in the right frontal region. Conclusions: Fourteen (54%) of 26 patients with JME exhibited focal semiologic or electroencephalographic features or both. Video-EEG was essential in reaching a correct diagnosis and choosing an appropriate antiepileptic drug regimen.
Patterns of School Functioning Over Time Among Students Served in a System of Care

Systems of care can be used to help coordinate and direct resources both external and internal to a school, thereby providing critical supports for students with emotional and behavioral challenges that historically have not been available to educators. In this study, hierarchical linear modeling was used to longitudinally examine school functioning change trajectories for a sample of students who participated in the Dawn Project system of care in Indianapolis, Indiana. The investigation was driven by the hypotheses that improvements in school functioning would be associated with improvements in clinical functioning over time and also that demographic characteristics would not be associated with such changes in school functioning. In general, the findings supported these hypotheses. Specifically, school functioning was found to significantly improve between the time students enrolled in the system of care and up to 36 months postenrollment. Moreover, longitudinal improvements in school functioning were si...
Using Drosophila melanogaster Data to Discover Disease-Related Protein Interactions in Humans

The discovery and understanding of functional relationships amongst genes and their gene products are fundamental to our understanding of human disease. Data regarding protein-protein interactions in humans are not complete and computational techniques along with data provided from other organisms can be used to better inform relationships in humans. We demonstrate the utility of using genome scale data from Drosophila melanogaster to predict protein-protein relationships for human proteins specific to disease. To find the most likely candidates for protein-protein interaction, the predicted relationships are tested against human protein interaction and known disease data, then ranked through a support vector machine. An illustrative example related to hBrm and hSNF5 shows the validity of our approach
Personal identities and disordered eating behaviors in Mexican American women

Eating disorder behaviors are prevalent in Latina populations. This study tested Schwartz's (2006) theoretical view that a broad array of personal identities serves as an internal resource during acculturation and prevents internalization of dysfunctional weight related beliefs. Sixty-six Mexican American women completed measures of personal identities, fat self-definition, eating disorder symptoms and acculturation. Results show that few positive and many negative personal identities predict higher eating disorder scores and effects are mediated through the fat self-definition. Characteristics of personal identities may influence internalization of cultural values related to weight. Interventions focused on overall identity may prevent eating disorders in Latinas.
The neural code for taste in the brain stem: response profiles.

In the study of the neural code for taste, two theories have dominated the literature: the across neuron pattern (ANP), and the labeled line theories. Both of these theories are based on the observations that taste cells are multisensitive across a variety of different taste stimuli. Given a fixed array of taste stimuli, a cell's particular set of sensitivities defines its response profile. The characteristics of response profiles are the basis of both major theories of coding. In reviewing the literature, it is apparent that response profiles are an expression of a complex interplay of excitatory and inhibitory inputs that derive from cells with a wide variety of sensitivity patterns. These observations suggest that, in the absence of inhibition, taste cells might be potentially responsive to all taste stimuli. Several studies also suggest that response profiles can be influenced by the taste context, defined as the taste stimulus presented just before or simultaneously with another, under which they are recorded. A theory, called dynamic coding, was proposed to account for context dependency of taste response profiles. In this theory, those cells that are unaffected by taste context would provide the signal, i.e., the information-containing portion of the ANP, and those cells whose responses are context dependent would provide noise, i.e., less stimulus specific information. When singular taste stimuli are presented, noise cells would provide amplification of the signal, and when complex mixtures are presented, the responses of the noise cells would be suppressed (depending on the particular combination of tastants), and the ratio of signal to noise would be enhanced.
The Use of Social Stories to Promote Independent Behaviors in Novel Events for Children With PDD-NOS:

This study investigated a previously undocumented use for Social Stories (Gray, 1994, 2000): preparation for a novel event. Three children With pervasive developmental disorder—not otherWise specif...
Coagulation effects of low molecular weight heparin compared with heparin in dogs considered to be at risk for clinically significant venous thrombosis.

Objective – Compare the effects of 3 anticoagulation protocols on anti-factor Xa activity (AXa). Design – Prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Setting – University veterinary teaching hospital. Animals – Eighteen dogs considered to be at risk for venous thrombosis. Interventions – Each dog was randomly assigned to 1 of the following 3 groups (n=6/group) and was treated for 24 hours: low-dose heparin (LDH), high-dose heparin (HDH), and dalteparin (DP). Dogs in the LDH group received a constant rate infusion (CRI) of unfractionated heparin (UFH) at 300 U/kg/d, the HDH group received a bolus of 100 U/kg of UFH IV, then a CRI of 900 U/kg/day, and the DP group received 100 U/kg DP SC at 0, 12, and 24 hours. Measurements and Main Results – A total of 54 samples for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and AXa assays were collected at 0, 4, and 28 hours. Six samples had an AXa >0.1 U/mL, 5 of those were from the HDH group at hour 4. Two samples from the HDH group at hour 4 had a prolonged aPTT (93 and 200 seconds) and the highest AXa (0.6 and 1.0 U/mL, respectively). Four additional dogs in the HDH group did not complete the study due to hemorrhage; none of the dogs completing the study showed signs of hemorrhage. Conclusions: Neither DP nor LDH increased AXa to values considered therapeutic in humans (0.5–1 and 0.35–0.75 U/mL, respectively), and both protocols appear to be inadequate to increase AXa in dogs with clinical illness. HDH increased AXa to this range in 2 of 6 dogs, but had unpredictable effects on aPTT and resulted in hemorrhage in some dogs.
Role of dose selection in successful interleukin-2 immunotherapy: solving the Goldilock’s Complex

Meeting abstracts The results of multiple IL-2 clinical trials (using a range of doses) have shown similar trends, in which IL-2 immunotherapy leads to an objective response in 15-20% of patients and complete response in 5-10%. Importantly, the majority (> 80%) of patients with a complete response
Reduction of foodborne micro-organisms on beef carcass tissue using acetic acid, sodium bicarbonate, and hydrogen peroxide spray washes

In an attempt to control beef carcass contamination, a search for effective carcass washing treatments has become a major focus in the area of microbiological meat safety. Spraywash treatments utilizing 1·0% acetic acid, 3% hydrogen peroxide, 1% sodium bicarbonate, alone or in combination, were performed to evaluate their efficacy in reducing numbers of Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua and Salmonella wentworth. The fascia surface of lean and adipose tissue was inoculated with sterilized fecal slurry containing the designated bacteria to obtain 5 log10 cfu cm -2 . A pilot scale model carcass washer was used to apply the spray treatment (80 psi, 15 s, 25°C). Control samples received no spray treatments. Following treatments, lean and adipose samples were immediately analyzed or held for 24 h at 5°C for analysis of the treatments, for residual bacterial populations, surface pH, color analysis, and residual hydrogen peroxide. The combination wash of acetic acid/3% hydrogen peroxide (AAHP) resulted in the greatest reductions of 3·97 and 3·69 log10 cfu cm -2 for E. coli on lean or adipose tissue, respectively. Spray washes with AAHP reduced L. innocua by 3·05 log10
Specialized brain cooling in humans

Humans, compared to other species, have exceptional capability for dissipation of heat from the entire skin surface. We can secrete more than two liters per hour of sweat, indefinitely. The corresponding potential for evaporative cooling is near a thousand watts, sufficient to compensate for the extreme high levels of heat production during exercise. Also, the blood vessels of our skin have exceptional capability to dilate and deliver heat to the body surface. These are our special adaptations for thermal stress. They allow prolonged heavy exercise with modest elevations in the temperature of the fluid that cools all the internal organs, not just the brain-arterial blood. The vascular architecture of the human head is radically different from that of animals that exhibit SBC. These species have special adaptations that reflect their dependence on respiratory evaporation, particularly the limitation imposed on capability to dispose of heat produced during exercise. The increase in blood temperature in an i...
Embryogenic callus, cell suspension and protoplast cultures of cereals

Cereals constitute the most important source of calories and protein for man since more than 52% of our food is derived from grains such as wheat, rice, maize, barley, millets, etc. Cereals, therefore, are an obvious and important target for genetic manipulation by modern biotechnological methods which require efficient regeneration of plants from cultured tissues and cells, and genetic transformation, two important and interacting components of plant biotechnology. In addition, owing to the serious problems still being faced in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cereals, the development of a reliable protoplast regeneration system for direct DNA delivery is also a necessity.
Small Angle X-Ray Scattering Technique for the Particle Size Distribution of Nonporous Nanoparticles

Nanoparticles are small particles whose sizes are less than 100 nm. They have many industrial applications due to their unique properties. Their properties are often size-dependent; thus the accurate determination of nanoparticle sizes is important for quality assurance of nanoparticle production processes. A small angle X-ray scattering technique is a promising method used for characterizing nanoparticle sizes. It has distinctive advantages over other techniques such as electron microscope techniques. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art methods for determining the sizes of nanoparticles with small angle X-ray experiments and discuss the advantages and limitations of the state-of-the-art methods.
Sexual Harassment Versus Workplace Romance: Social Media Spillover and Textual Harassment in the Workplace

“Textual harassment”—sending offensive or inappropriate text messages to coworkers—is on the rise (Baldas, 2009; Hunton & Williams LLP, 2009; Parker-Pope, 2011). Contemporary social media technologies (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, blogs, Instagram, Foursquare) carry numerous risks associated with personal and professional connectivity, privacy, and intimacy, and these risks require a new look at policy formulation concerning the boundaries of workplace romance versus harassment in the Internet age. This article includes a review of the relevant literature on workplace romance and sexual harassment policies, and discusses evolving social media policies, legal perspectives, and privacy issues. We advocate the concept of “love contracts” to aid human resource professionals, legal experts, and romantic couples concerning the risks of social media spillover and harassment from romance in the office.
Abundance, Diversity, and Activity of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Oak-Dominated Mixed Appalachian Forests Treated with Microbial Pesticides

This study is part of a long-term analysis of nontarget effects of microbial pesticide application in the George Washington (Augusta County, VA, USA) and Monongahela National Forests (Pocahontas County, WV, USA). Ants were collected using pitfall traps to assess the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner variety kurstaki (Foray 48 F) and gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gypchek) application on ant communities. Ant samples were also compared by sampling years. Pitfall traps were operated for 45 wk during summers of 1995–1997. A total of 31,732 ants was collected from pitfall traps; they belonged to four subfamilies, 17 genera, and 31 species. The ant species richness, diversity, abundance, and species composition did not change as a result of the treatments. Further tests of ant abundance were suggested because the test power was low. Comparisons between sampling years showed a very similar species composition and species evenness. There was a significant decrease in ant abundance in the third year of sampling, which might have been caused by over-trapping. Some rare species did not appear in the second and third year of sampling.
Dissonant Lineages: Adorno, Beckett, Blanchot, Kafka, Rosenzweig

This essay explores linguistic dissonance in Adorno and Beckett as a dismantling of “Sprachontologie,” and the excavation of buried lineage as a principle of literary influence in Molloy. The first section exposes the connections between Adorno's notes for his “Unnamable” essay and his 1933 Singspiel, “The Treasure of Indian-Joe,” with its pre-Beckettian vision of the canon formed through plunder that “gives birth astride a grave.” The second section reads the multiple lineages of Molloy that explode any single national or literary origin for language and identity. The “langue d'Oc” Moran hears as “Oc” in “Molloy,” as well as the “oy” that suggests the vibrancy of Yiddish, are treated as part of Molloy's redemption of the expelled expressions of other languages that have been swallowed, though not entirely forgotten. This “Dissonanz”—as Beckett's “German Letter” calls it—enabled the French Beckett, as a precursor figure for Adorno, to parody linguistic ontology: using Blanchot, Kafka, Rosenzweig, and othe...
Voluntary Disclosure of the Components of Revenue Growth

In this study we examine the valuation implications for different sources of growth. Specifically, we investigate whether supplemental information provided by firms to assist financial statement users in understanding the sources of growth is reflected in a premium to those firms. We examine a unique sample of firms that voluntarily choose to provide detail about their levels of organic revenue growth. Results indicate that firms that are larger, with lower research and development expenditures, and with higher intangible assets are those more likely to provide detailed disclosures about revenue growth components, all characteristics consistent with incentives to provide additional transparency regarding revenue growth. In regressions of returns on earnings disaggregated into revenue growth and costs, we find evidence that there is indeed a valuation premium to organic growth relative to non-organic growth. These findings are consistent with investors viewing the organic growth component of revenues as more persistent than the non-organic component of growth. Consistent with this interpretation, we document significant persistence of organic revenue across periods and a notable lack of such persistence for non-organic revenue growth.
Delayed occurrence of an LH surge after HCG administration during ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins: effect of LHRH treatment

Previous studies have shown the appearance of a spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge after human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration in human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG)/HCG-stimulated menstrual cycles. In this report we investigated the effect of leuprolide acetate, a long-acting luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist, on the occurrence of these post-HCG rises in serum LH. Two groups of patients were included. Group 1: 10 patients receiving HCG as a part of an HMG/HCG protocol for induction of follicular development in an IVF/GIFT program and Group II: 10 patients treated as Group I, but receiving the LHRH agonist leuprolide acetate to inhibit gonadotrophin secretion prior to and during ovarian stimulation. In Group I, none of the patients showed a surge prior to HCG administration. However, an LH surge following HCG treatment was apparent in four patients (40%). Pregnant patients (2/10) had low mean levels (less than or equal to 2.5 mIU/ml LH) in the follicular phase and showed no LH surge after HCG. In Group II, baseline levels of serum LH were reduced significantly (mean, 1.4 +/- 0.1 mIU/ml; P less than 0.001) compared to Group I. No patient showed an LH surge either before or after HCG administration and the occurrence of pregnancy was higher (6/9 transfers) than in Group I. In spite of the differences in pregnancy rates, the combined therapy versus HMG therapy showed no significant difference in number of oocytes collected or serum oestradiol levels. This suggests that high levels of serum LH, whether prior to or after HCG administration, may have a detrimental effect on the establishment of pregnancy despite adequate follicular growth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Parting Crowds: Characterizing Divergent Interpretations in Crowdsourced Annotation Tasks

Crowdsourcing is a common strategy for collecting the “gold standard” labels required for many natural language applications. Crowdworkers differ in their responses for many reasons, but existing approaches often treat disagreements as "noise" to be removed through filtering or aggregation. In this paper, we introduce the workflow design pattern of crowd parting: separating workers based on shared patterns in responses to a crowdsourcing task. We illustrate this idea using an automated clustering-based method to identify divergent, but valid, worker interpretations in crowdsourced entity annotations collected over two distinct corpora -- Wikipedia articles and Tweets. We demonstrate how the intermediate-level view provide by crowd-parting analysis provides insight into sources of disagreement not easily gleaned from viewing either individual annotation sets or aggregated results. We discuss several concrete applications for how this approach could be applied directly to improving the quality and efficiency of crowdsourced annotation tasks.
Conscious Capitalism Firms: Do They Behave as Their Proponents Say?:

Proponents of the Conscious Capitalism (CC) movement claim that CC firms should demonstrate a lower gross margin, a higher profit margin, a lower SG&A, and a lower marketing expense than their non-CC comparable firms. Using a sample of industry-year-size matched control firms as the CC firms' benchmark, this article shows that empirical evidence largely disagrees with these conjectures. It further shows that in contrast to the implications of the CC movement, CC firms neither demonstrated superior stock performance relative to the S&P 500 in recent years, nor do they respond less to the pressures from the equity market.
PANEL FLUTTER AND AERODYNAMIC NOISE ATTENUATION THROUGH AERO-SERVO-VISCOELASTIC CONTROLS 1

Dynamic responses of linear viscoelastic flat panels (plates) un- der the influence of aerodynamic noise are formulated and examined. Three modes of potential failures are considered, namely panel flutter, creep buckling and material failure such as composite fiber delamination. Dierential, inte- gral or proportional servo-controlers are added in order to stabilize the system and extend its lifetime. Parametric studies of servo-controllers led to no gen- eral conclusion because of the highly complicated phase relations. However, the simulations indicate that an increase in servo control parameters does not necessarily lead to an increase in flutter velocity.
Renaissance humanism and modern philosophy

Professor Rubini's excellent study, The Other Renaissance: Italian Humanism Between Hegel and Heidegger, contends that modern Italian philosophy is a philosophy self-consciously constructed by an a...
Resource-Based Analysis of the Survival of Independent Web-Native News Ventures:

Independently owned news websites are an emerging but understudied part of the changing news business. This study applied resource-based theory to an analysis of the longevity of these mostly small-scale entrepreneurial ventures. The results show that as an aggregate sample, the sites do not fit the theory’s expectations. Disaggregating the sample by the sites’ basic business model uncovered clear differences between for-profits and nonprofits in the effect of resources on their longevity. The sharpest difference was for “product reputation,” which had inverse effects between the two groups.
Therapeutic Effects of Qingre Sanwen Oral Liquid on Children with Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease

Objective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Qingre Sanwen oral liquid on children with hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD).Method: Ninety-four patients with HFMD in our out-patient department were randomly divided into two groups.Forty-eight patients were treated with Qingre Sanwen oral liquid(5-10 mL,tid),forty-six patients were treated with ribavirin(10-15 mg · kg-1 · d-1).The treatment lasted for 3 days.Result: The marked effect rates were 63.82% and 56.81% in the observation group and in the controls accordingly without significant difference.The total effect rates were 93.64% and 86.36% in the observation group and in the controls respectively without significant difference.The observation group showed no adverse reaction.The control group had diarrhea in four cases and vomiting in 3 cases.Conclusion: Qingre Sanwen oral liquid has a good therapeutic effect on children with HFMD,and no adverse reactions.
Immunoreactivity of Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Specific Antisera with Platelet Granule Constituents

Utilizing polyclonal antisera directed against APP amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal epitopes, we have found the presence of APP species in the membrane and saline soluble fractions of unstimulated platelets, and in the conditioned medium of thrombin-stimulated platelets. Five signals ranging in molecular weight from 105 kD to 140 kD were detected. The largest species detected was isolated solely from platelet membranes and reacted with both amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal specific antiseras. Thrombin stimulation of platelets abrogated this reactivity. None of the non-membrane associated forms reacted with the carboxyl-terminal specific antisera. The existence of a membrane bound form of APP in platelets suggests that APP may be produced by cells of megakaryocyte lineage and/or sequestered from the plasma. Processing of APP for release may then occur via successive carboxyl-terminal truncations, as well as by the release of an intact form. Our results also suggest that proteolysis of these molecules may precede, as well as be a result of, degranulation. Elucidation of APP-speciflc proteases in thrombocytes may provide insight into the pathogenesis of AD and beta amyloid diseases.
Dupuit—Forchheimer Flow

This chapter is devoted to the development of elementary solutions to Dupuit-Forchheimer flow. The Dupuit-Forchheimer approximation, is based on the condition that the length of a flow line is large as compared to the aquifer thickness. This condition is frequently met in groundwater flow problems associated with water resources issues. Prolific aquifers are usually relatively thin, varying in thickness between a few feet and one or two hundred feet. Sand and gravel aquifers several hundred feet thick are an exception, while the distances between streams are often measured in miles. Groundwater flow in such aquifers is sometimes referred to as shallow flow, a term which may cause confusion, as it may equally well occur in deep confined aquifers. The Dupuit–Forchheimer approximation leads to one of the most dramatic simplifications of real-world groundwater flow problems: reducing 3D flow problems to those of 2D horizontal flow.
Role of mRNA structure in the control of protein folding

Specific structures in mRNA modulate translation rate and thus can affect protein folding. Using the protein structures from two eukaryotes and three prokaryotes, we explore the connections between the protein compactness, inferred from solvent accessibility, and mRNA structure, inferred from mRNA folding energy (ΔG). In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the ΔG value of the most stable 30 nucleotide segment of the mRNA (ΔGmin) strongly, positively correlates with protein solvent accessibility. Thus, mRNAs containing exceptionally stable secondary structure elements typically encode compact proteins. The correlations between ΔG and protein compactness are much more pronounced in predicted ordered parts of proteins compared to the predicted disordered parts, indicative of an important role of mRNA secondary structure elements in the control of protein folding. Additionally, ΔG correlates with the mRNA length and the evolutionary rate of synonymous positions. The correlations are partially independent and were used to construct multiple regression models which explain about half of the variance of protein solvent accessibility. These findings suggest a model in which the mRNA structure, particularly exceptionally stable RNA structural elements, act as gauges of protein co-translational folding by reducing ribosome speed when the nascent peptide needs time to form and optimize the core structure.
Secretly Asymmetric Dark Matter

We study a mechanism where the dark matter number density today arises from asymmetries generated in the dark sector in the early Universe, even though the total dark matter number remains zero throughout the history of the Universe. The dark matter population today can be completely symmetric, with annihilation rates above those expected from thermal weakly interacting massive particles. We give a simple example of this mechanism using a benchmark model of flavored dark matter. We discuss the experimental signatures of this setup, which arise mainly from the sector that annihilates the symmetric component of dark matter.
Consequences of a nectar yeast for pollinator preference and performance

Summary 1.Pollinators utilize floral resources that vary in color, scent, and reward quality. Variation in such traits, including nectar rewards, in addition to cues associated with their quality, can influence pollinator foraging decisions with consequences for pollinator reproductive success. Nectar is commonly subject to colonization by microorganisms capable of affecting a suite of traits important for pollinator attraction and fitness; yet, links between microbial presence and changes in pollinator preference and performance remain few. 2.Here, we evaluated the effects of a nectar-inhabiting microorganism on pollinator foraging behavior and reproduction using the common eastern bumble bee Bombus impatiens and the cosmopolitan nectar yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii. Using a combination of choice and no-choice behavioral and feeding assays, we manipulated the presence and viability of M. reukaufii in nectar and assessed bumble bee foraging and reproductive responses. 3.Bombus impatiens workers responded positively to the presence of yeasts. Foragers trained to associate nectar presence with flower color visited a significantly greater proportion of flowers inoculated with yeasts when subject to a color discrimination test. Moreover, foragers naive to nectar yeasts incorporated more yeast-inoculated flowers into initial foraging bouts when presented with a novel floral array. In addition, bees spent significantly longer foraging on yeast-inoculated flowers compared to yeast-free flowers. However, when we manipulated yeast presence and metabolic activity in microcolonies of queenless workers, we found no effect of yeast on components of bumble bee reproduction, such as initiation of egg laying and number of eggs laid. This lack of an effect of yeast persisted even under conditions of pollen limitation. 4.Taken together, these results suggest that nectar yeasts can enhance floral signaling as well as alter pollinator foraging behavior at individual flowers, though they may not directly affect pollinator performance. Thus, nectar yeasts may play a significant role in mediating pollinator foraging behavior, with consequences for plant fitness and evolution of floral traits. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Molecular Simulations of Hydrogen Bond Cluster Size and Reorientation Dynamics in Liquid and Glassy Azole Systems

We simulated the dynamics of azole groups (pyrazole, imidazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, and tetrazole) as neat liquids and tethered via linkers to aliphatic backbones to determine how tethering and varying functional groups affect hydrogen bond networks and reorientation dynamics, both factors which are thought to influence proton conduction. We used the DL_Poly_2 molecular dynamics code with the GAFF force field to simulate tethered systems over the temperature range 200–900 K and the corresponding neat liquids under liquid state temperatures at standard pressure. We computed hydrogen bond cluster sizes; orientational order parameters; orientational correlation functions associated with functional groups, linkers, and backbones; time scales; and activation energies associated with orientational randomization. All tethered systems exhibit a liquid to glassy-solid transition upon cooling from 600 to 500 K, as evidenced by orientational order parameters and correlation functions. Tethering the azole...
Hispanic/Latino Disparities in Living Donor Kidney Transplantation: Role of a Culturally Competent Transplant Program.

UNLABELLED Hispanic Americans face disparities in access to kidney transplantation, particularly living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). This study compared characteristics of LDKT recipients before and after implementing the Hispanic Kidney Transplant Program (HKTP) at Northwestern Medicines (NM) and other centers. METHODS The NM HKTP, initiated in December 2006, delivers culturally and linguistically competent and congruent care. Program-specific data were used to compare the mean ratios of Hispanic to non-Hispanic white LDKTs between pre-HKTP (2001-2006) and post-HKTP (2008-2013), and to compare the characteristics of NM's adult LDKT patients between pre-HKTP and post-HKTP. The same ratio was calculated for transplant centers in regions with a significant Hispanic population (≥25%) and performing in the top tertile of total LDKT volume in the pre-HKTP period. The number of Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients added to the waiting list were compared between pre-HKTP (2001-2006) and post-HKTP (2008-2013) as a proxy for increased patient referrals and a pathway by which the HKTP may increase LDKTs. RESULTS The ratio of Hispanic to non-Hispanic white LDKTs significantly increased by 70% after the implementation of NM's HKTP (pre-HKTP mean = 0.20, post-HKTP mean = 0.34; P= 0.001). None of the other transplant centers experienced a similar increase in their ratio of Hispanic to non-Hispanic white LDKTs. The NM waiting list additions grew by 91% among Hispanics, but grew only 4% for non-Hispanic whites. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the development and implementation of a culturally congruent transplant program can positively affect Hispanic LDKT and thereby reduce Hispanics disparities in LDKT rates. Further studies are needed to prospectively evaluate the generalizability of implementing such culturally competent interventions at other transplant programs.