Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

1. Michael S. Foreman, MD* 2. Tammy Camp, MD* 1. *Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 1. 1. Boles RG, 2. Lovett-Barr MR, 3. Preston A, 4. Li BU, 5. Adams K Treatment of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome with Co-enzyme Q10 and Amitriptyline, a Retrospective Study. Boles RG, Lovett-Barr MR, Preston A, Li BU, Adams K. BMC Neurol. 2010;10:10 [OpenUrl][1][PubMed][2] 2. 1. Lee LY, 2. Abbott L, 3. Mahlangu B, 4. Moodie SJ, 5. Anderson S The Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Lee LY, Abbott L, Mahlangu B, Moodie SJ, Anderson S. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;24(9):1001–1006 [OpenUrl][3][CrossRef][4][PubMed][5] 3. 1. Li BU, 2. Lefevre F, 3. Chelimsky GG, 4. et al North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Consensus Statement on the Diagnosis and Management of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome. Li BU, Lefevre F, Chelimsky GG, et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2008;47(3):379–393 [OpenUrl][6][CrossRef][7][PubMed][8][Web of Science][9] 4. 1. Pareek N, 2. Fleisher DR, 3. Abell T Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: What a Gastroenterologist Needs to Know. Pareek N, Fleisher DR, Abell T. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102(12):2832–2840 [OpenUrl][10][CrossRef][11][PubMed][12] Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is characterized by recurring, intense episodes of nausea and vomiting lasting hours to days, separated by weeks to months of symptom-free, normal health. The prevalence of CVS is approximately 1% to 2%, and it affects multiple ethnicities and ages, most frequently white school-aged children. From the onset of symptoms, diagnosis can be delayed by an average of 1 to 4 years. Episodes result in approximately a month’s worth of missed school days annually and an estimated $17,000 in yearly health-care costs, multiple emergency department visits, and repetitive testing. Cyclic vomiting syndrome and migraines seem to be linked in both pathophysiology and treatment, and familial history of migraine is often noted. Several etiologic hypotheses exist, but none are proved. The potential causative factors include mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms/variants, excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropin-releasing factor, dysmotility of the gastrointestinal system, and autonomic (particularly sympathetic) nervous system dysregulation. With approximately 90% specificity, the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition has published a consensus statement that includes the criteria to … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMC%2Bneurology%2B%255Belectronic%2Bresource%255D%26rft.stitle%253DBMC%2BNeurol%26rft.aulast%253DBoles%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%2BG.%26rft.volume%253D10%26rft.spage%253D10%26rft.epage%253D10%26rft.atitle%253DTreatment%2Bof%2Bcyclic%2Bvomiting%2Bsyndrome%2Bwith%2Bco-enzyme%2BQ10%2Band%2Bamitriptyline%252C%2Ba%2Bretrospective%2Bstudy.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F20109231%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=20109231&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F39%2F2%2F100.atom [3]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DEuropean%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bgastroenterology%2B%2526%2Bhepatology%26rft.stitle%253DEur%2BJ%2BGastroenterol%2BHepatol%26rft.aulast%253DLee%26rft.auinit1%253DL.%2BY.%26rft.volume%253D24%26rft.issue%253D9%26rft.spage%253D1001%26rft.epage%253D1006%26rft.atitle%253DThe%2Bmanagement%2Bof%2Bcyclic%2Bvomiting%2Bsyndrome%253A%2B%2Ba%2Bsystematic%2Breview.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1097%252FMEG.0b013e328355638f%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F22634989%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/MEG.0b013e328355638f&link_type=DOI [5]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=22634989&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F39%2F2%2F100.atom [6]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Bpediatric%2Bgastroenterology%2Band%2Bnutrition%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BPediatr%2BGastroenterol%2BNutr%26rft.aulast%253DLi%26rft.auinit1%253DB.%2BU.%26rft.volume%253D47%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D379%26rft.epage%253D393%26rft.atitle%253DNorth%2BAmerican%2BSociety%2Bfor%2BPediatric%2BGastroenterology%252C%2BHepatology%252C%2Band%2BNutrition%2Bconsensus%2Bstatement%2Bon%2Bthe%2Bdiagnosis%2Band%2Bmanagement%2Bof%2Bcyclic%2Bvomiting%2Bsyndrome.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1097%252FMPG.0b013e318173ed39%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F18728540%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [7]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1097/MPG.0b013e318173ed39&link_type=DOI [8]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=18728540&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F39%2F2%2F100.atom [9]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000258788500024&link_type=ISI [10]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DThe%2BAmerican%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Bgastroenterology%26rft.stitle%253DAm%2BJ%2BGastroenterol%26rft.aulast%253DPareek%26rft.auinit1%253DN.%26rft.volume%253D102%26rft.issue%253D12%26rft.spage%253D2832%26rft.epage%253D2840%26rft.atitle%253DCyclic%2Bvomiting%2Bsyndrome%253A%2Bwhat%2Ba%2Bgastroenterologist%2Bneeds%2Bto%2Bknow.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1111%252Fj.1572-0241.2007.01549.x%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F18042112%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [11]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01549.x&link_type=DOI [12]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=18042112&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F39%2F2%2F100.atom