cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Two Functionally Distinct Forms of the RSC Nucleosome-Remodeling Complex, Containing Essential AT Hook, BAH, and Bromodomains

RSC is an essential 15 protein nucleosome-remodeling complex from S. cerevisiae. We have identified two closely related RSC members, Rsc1 and Rsc2. Biochemical analysis revealed Rsc1 and Rsc2 in distinct complexes, defining two forms of RSC. Genetic analysis has shown that Rsc1 and Rsc2 possess shared and unique functions. Rsc1 and Rsc2 each contain two bromodomains, a bromo-adjacent homology (BAH) domain, and an AT hook. One of the bromodomains, the BAH domain, and the AT hook are each essential for Rsc1 and Rsc2 functions, although they are not required for assembly into RSC complexes. Therefore, these domains are required for RSC function. Additional genetic analysis provides further evidence that RSC function is related to transcriptional control.
Exact Calculation of Light Scattering from a Particle on a Mirror

Exact methods have been developed for calculating light scattering from particles on a perfectly reflecting surface. The computed solutions obey Maxwell's equations and the appropriate boundary conditions. A brief discussion of the theory is followed by a presentation and discussion of selected scattering results. Comparisons are made with the predictions of Young's forward scatter Mie theory model. Under certain conditions, the exact results differ significantly from Mie theory. The exact differential cross sections exhibit large amplitude oscillations that are not predicted by Mie theory. The bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is also calculated using exact scattering theory for both spherical and hemispherical particles that are both absorptive (complex index of refraction) and nonabsorptive (real index of refraction). These exact BRDF results are compared to the predictions of Young's model.
Alexia without agraphia in a right-handed patient with a left field defect and diffuse cerebral atrophy*

A right handed patient with alexia without agraphia, a left visual field deficit, intact color naming and diffuse cerebral atrophy on CT is presented. Neuro-psychological testing supported a diagnosis of dyslexia and right parietal dysfunction. These findings constitute unique observations for the clinical syndrome of alexia without agraphia.
Molecular characterization of smoke from campfire burning of pine wood (Pinus elliottii)

Abstract Although campfires are typically enjoyable events, people are exposed to high concentrations of gaseous and particulate pollutants. The combustion conditions of wood burned in campfires are different from those of indoor wood burning in stoves or fireplaces. Typically, wood logs, twigs, and branches with their leaves or needles are burned in campfires, whereas mostly wood logs are burned in indoor settings. Consequently, the molecular source profiles for organic particulate matter emissions may be different from a campfire. For human exposure assessment, there is a need to fingerprint the organic compound compositions in campfire wood smoke. Here we present the detailed biomarker composition of conifer wood smoke from a campfire. The major biomarkers emitted are dehydroabietic acid, the resin acids (pimaric, iso-pimaric, sandaracopimaric and abietic acids), retene, pimanthrene, methylcyclopentenophenanthrene and β-sitosterol, with levoglucosan and lignin phenolics such as vanillic acid in the polar fraction. PAH are minor components. A marker and PAH profile has been generated which can be utilized for tracing emissions from campfire burning and evaluating personal exposure risk.
Switching cell fates in the developing Drosophila eye

The developing Drosophila ommatidium is characterized by two distinct waves of pattern formation. In the first wave, a precluster of five cells is formed by a complex cellular interaction mechanism. In the second wave, cells are systematically recruited to the cluster and directed to their fates by developmental cues presented by differentiating precluster cells. These developmental cues are mediated through the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and Notch (N) signaling pathways and their combined activities are crucial in specifying cell type. The transcription factor Lozenge (Lz) is expressed exclusively in second wave cells. Here, we ectopically supply Lz to precluster cells and concomitantly supply the various RTK/N codes that specify each of three second wave cell fates. We thereby reproduce molecular markers of each of the second wave cell types in precluster cells and draw three inferences. First, we confirm that Lz provides key intrinsic information to second wave cells. We can now combine this with the RTK/N signaling to provide a cell fate specification code that entails both extrinsic and intrinsic information. Second, the reproduction of each second wave cell type in the precluster confirms the accuracy of the RTK/N signaling code. Third, RTK/N signaling and Lz need only be presented to the cells for a short period of time in order to specify their fate.
CaseMIDAS - A reactive planning architecture for the man-machine integration design and analysis system

MIDAS is a set of tools which allow a designer to specify the physical and functional characteristics of a complex system such as an aircraft cockpit, and analyze the system with regard to human performance. MIDAS allows for a number of static analyses such as military standard reach and fit analysis, display legibility analysis, and vision polars. It also supports dynamic simulation of mission segments with 3d visualization. MIDAS development has incorporated several models of human planning behavior. The CaseMIDAS effort has been to provide a simplified and unified approach to modeling task selection behavior. Except for highly practiced, routine procedures, a human operator exhibits a cognitive effort while determining what step to take next in the accomplishment of mission tasks. Current versions of MIDAS do not model this effort in a consistent and inclusive manner. CaseMIDAS also attempts to address this issue. The CaseMIDAS project has yielded an easy to use software module for case creation and execution which is integrated with existing MIDAS simulation components.
The Arabidopsis E3 SUMO ligase SIZ1 regulates plant growth and drought responses.

Posttranslational modifications of proteins by small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMOs) regulate protein degradation and localization, protein–protein interaction, and transcriptional activity. SUMO E3 ligase functions are executed by SIZ1/SIZ2 and Mms21 in yeast, the PIAS family members RanBP2, and Pc2 in human. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains only one gene, SIZ1, that is orthologous to the yeast SIZ1/SIZ2. Here, we show that Arabidopsis SIZ1 is expressed in all plant tissues. Compared with the wild type, the null mutant siz1-3 is smaller in stature because of reduced expression of genes involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis and signaling. Drought stress induces the accumulation of SUMO-protein conjugates, which is in part dependent on SIZ1 but not on abscisic acid (ABA). Mutant plants of siz1-3 have significantly lower tolerance to drought stress. A genome-wide expression analysis identified ∼1700 Arabidopsis genes that are induced by drought, with SIZ1 mediating the expression of 300 of them by a pathway independent of DREB2A and ABA. SIZ1-dependent, drought-responsive genes include those encoding enzymes of the anthocyanin synthesis pathway and jasmonate response. From these results, we conclude that SIZ1 regulates Arabidopsis growth and that this SUMO E3 ligase plays a role in drought stress response likely through the regulation of gene expression.
Reciprocal affiliation among adolescent rats during a mild group stressor predicts mammary tumors and lifespan.

Objective: Although the detrimental physical health effects of social isolation have been known for three decades, the answers to how and why social relationships generally improve health remain elusive. Social relationships are not always beneficial, and we examined a structural dimension that may bring about their salubrious effects: affiliative reciprocity during a stressor. Methods: In a lifespan study, female rats lived with their sisters and were tested for temperament, affiliative reciprocity during an everyday stressor at puberty, corticosterone response to a stressor, mammary tumor development and diagnosis, and death. Results: Rats that affiliated more reciprocally during a mild group stressor survived longer (p = .0005), having exhibited a lower corticosterone peak in response to an acute novel stressor in late adulthood (p = .0015), and longer time to the development of spontaneous mammary tumors (p = .02). These effects could not be explained solely by the number of affiliative interactions or individual temperament. Indeed, affiliative reciprocity and neophobia were independent and predicted mortality additively (p = .0002). Conclusions: Affiliative reciprocity during a stressor, a structural quality of social interactions, protected females from early mammary tumor development (the primary pathology in Sprague-Dawley rats) and early all-cause mortality. Conversely, lack of reciprocity (whether disproportionately seeking or receiving attempted affiliation) was as potent a risk factor as neophobia. Thus a social role increased risk additively with individual temperament. Our data indicate that affiliative reciprocity functions as a buffer for everyday stressors and are likely mediated by attenuated reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Characterization of Polyquinoline Block Copolymer Using Small Angle Scattering

To determine the compatibility between the rigid rod and the flexible chain polyquinolines, both small angle x-ray and neutron scattering measurements were conducted on a sample containing deuterated flexible components. The scattering intensities from both x-ray and neutron were reduced to absolute scale in order to remove the scattering contribution from microvoids which tended to overshadow the signal of molecular origin. Quantitative information regarding the extent of molecular segregation in a polyquinoline multi-block copolymer was obtained, the result indicated that the material was strongly associated but not segregated into single component phases.
The Association Between Parent PTSD/Depression Symptoms and Child PTSD Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis

OBJECTIVE: The present article presents a meta-analysis of studies examining the association between parent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)/depression symptoms and child PTSD symptoms (PTSS) after a child's exposure to a traumatic event while considering multiple moderating factors to explain heterogeneity of effect sizes. METHODS: 35 studies were included: 32 involving the association between parent and child PTSS and 9 involving the association between parent depression and child PTSS. RESULTS: Across existing studies, both parent and child PTSS (r = 0.31) and parent depression and child PTSS (r = 0.32) yielded significant effect sizes. Parent gender, assessment type (interview vs. questionnaire), differences in assessment type for parents and children, and study design (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal) moderated the relationship between parent and child PTSS. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings confirm the associations between parental posttraumatic responses and child PTSS and highlight important moderating factors to include in future studies of child PTSS. Language: en
Written in Blood: AIDS Prevention and the Politics of Failure in France

After 25 years, there is a broad though sometimes superficial awareness of state responses to HIV/AIDS in the global South, where the spread of disease is said to be fueled by inept or failed states, those so poor or whose officials are so indifferent that they lack public health services or even a minimal health care infrastructure. But this narrative ignores the failed responses among states struck in the first wave of the pandemic in the early 1980s. In the long run, generally between 1986 and 1990, the industrialized democracies where a new illness was first identified did implement comprehensive disease prevention, blood safety, and treatment and care regimes specifically targeting AIDS; in the short run, these same countries struggled over—and more often then not failed to implement—appropriate measures to stem the spread of the epidemic. And in the long run, tens of thousands contracted HIV and died.Michael J. Bosia, Assistant Professor at Saint Michael's College in Vermont, has been an activist and policymaker (mbosia@smcvt.edu). He thanks the Fulbright fellowship program, a Blaine J. Yarrington Fellowship from Northwestern University, and Saint Michael's College for financial support.
A Treatment Protocol of the Acute Asthma Patient in a Pediatric Emergency Department

A treatment protocol for pediatric patients with acute asthma from 8 months to 15 years of age was utilized in an urban pediatric emergency department. In a three month period, 682 children were evaluated with acute asthma with 566 (83.0%) initially discharged and 116 (17.0%) admitted. There were no deaths. Treatment included aerosol inhalation in 682 patients (100%) and both intravenous steroids and aminophylline in 247 (36.2%) patients. Medical care was rendered by housestaff physicians supervised by full-time attending physicians. Of the 566 patients discharged, 131 (21.1%) patients had received intravenous aminophylline and steroids. Of those discharged 14 (2.5%) were admitted during the subsequent 48 hours for status asthmaticus. Of the 247 patients who received intravenous medications, chest radiographs consistent with pneumonia were noted in 15 (6.2%). The routine use of this protocol has been effective in the short term emergency department management of pediatric patients with acute asthma and had been accepted by the housestaff and attending physicians.
The primary target of let-7 microRNA

The let-7 miRNA (microRNA) is an essential regulator of development from nematode worms to humans. Altered expression of let-7 results in larval arrest or lethality in Caenorhabditis elegans. Likewise, under- or over-expression of let-7 in human cells can result in cellular overproliferation or halted cell division respectively. Thus the biogenesis of this critical miRNA is controlled at multiple levels. An unexpected mechanism for regulating the initial processing of let-7 was recently found to involve the let-7 miRNA itself. The mature let-7 miRNA along with its effector protein, Argonaute, were shown to bind to a site in the primary transcripts produced by the let-7 gene. This interaction enhances processing through a novel auto-regulatory feedback loop. This discovery highlights a new role for the miRNA complex in regulating miRNA biogenesis and enriches the classes of RNAs targeted by Argonaute. Abbreviations: ALG-1, Argonaute-like gene 1; CLIP, cross-linking and immunoprecipitation; DGCR8, DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8; HBL-1, hunchback-like 1; hnRNPA1, heteronuclear ribonucleoprotein A1; miRNA, microRNA; miRISC, miRNA-induced silencing complex; pri-let-7, primary let-7; RBP, RNA-binding protein; XPO5, exportin 5
A component-based scheduling architecture for the enterprise domain

The scheduling paradigm offers an alternative execution model for services and applications, which is of particular interest for the enterprise domain. Therefore, task scheduling is considered as an integral part of many contemporary information systems and service platforms. In this paper we present, the architectural aspects of an integrated scheduling framework, targeted to the mobile applications market along with an implementation prototype, which was also developed with the purpose of demonstrating its capabilities and identifying its limitations
The thiamine kinase (YcfN) enzyme plays a minor but significant role in cobinamide salvaging in Salmonella enterica

Cobinamide (Cbi) salvaging is impaired, but not abolished, in a Salmonella enterica strain lacking a functional cobU gene. CobU is a bifunctional enzyme (NTP:adenosylcobinamide [NTP:AdoCbi] kinase, GTP: adenosylcobinamide-phosphate [GTP:AdoCbi-P] guanylyltransferase) whose AdoCbi kinase activity is necessary for Cbi salvaging in this bacterium. Inactivation of the ycfN gene in a cobU strain abrogated Cbi salvaging. Introduction of a plasmid carrying the ycfN allele into a cobU ycfN strain substantially restored Cbi salvaging. Mass spectrometry data indicate that when YcfN-enriched cell extracts were incubated with AdoCbi and ATP, the product of the reaction was AdoCbi-P. Results from bioassays confirmed that YcfN converted AdoCbi to AdoCbi-P in an ATP-dependent manner. YcfN is a good example of enzymes that are used by the cell in multiple pathways to ensure the salvaging of valuable precursors.
Curriculum development in archival education: a proposal

Professional archival education has matured considerably during the past decade, but much remains to be done. Archival education remains trapped in a workshop mentality that treats topics summarily, fails to integrate them, and emphasizes practical at the expense of theoretical considerations. Archival educators need to promote the development of courses that have genuine intellectual substance. The author suggests seven curriculum areas that archival education should cover and discusses how courses could be developed in these areas.
Structures of EccB1 and EccD1 from the core complex of the mycobacterial ESX-1 type VII secretion system

Background The ESX-1 type VII secretion system is an important determinant of virulence in pathogenic mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This complicated molecular machine secretes folded proteins through the mycobacterial cell envelope to subvert the host immune response. Despite its important role in disease very little is known about the molecular architecture of the ESX-1 secretion system.
Elections and Distributive Politics in Mubarak's Egypt: Elections and the Muslim Brotherhood

The Society of Muslim Brothers was founded in 1928 as a religious organization created for the promotion of Muslim values and the building of mosques and Islamic schools. The focus of the group was “not limited to the establishment of a charitable group or association for the undertaking of social services, but was a broader and more comprehensive organization to reach society in its entirety” (al-Bishri 1983). The goal, therefore, was not to create a Muslim state, per se, but rather to Islamize Egyptian society in a way that reflected a reform of the political, economic, and social life of the country (Mitchell 1969; el-Ghobashy 2005). The contemporary Muslim Brotherhood defies classification as it combines aspects of a religious movement, social movement, charitable association, and political party. There are a number of excellent books and studies that have focused on the history, ideology, and tactics of the Muslim Brotherhood over time. This chapter is meant to serve as a complement to these studies by specifically focusing on a few narrow aspects of Brotherhood activity that are particularly related to the issue of electoral participation. My primary objective is to discuss Muslim Brotherhood electoral participation with an eye toward answering three questions: Why does the Muslim Brotherhood participate in parliamentary elections that are, as I have argued, key to maintaining the stability of the authoritarian regime? What are the electoral bases of Muslim Brotherhood support?
Notes on Dubiraphia (Coleoptera: Elniidae) with Descriptions of Five New Species

Because of the brevity of original descriptions, the status of Dubiraphia east of the Rocky Mountains has been confused, with D. vittata (Melsheimer) and D. quadrinotata (Say) frequently being considered synonyms. Only D. bivittata (LeConte) was being correctly identified. A study of the genitalia revealed that the vittata-quadrinotata complex in the Central United States also included, as new species, D. brevipennis, D. browni, D. minima, D. parva , and D. robusta , in addition to D. quadrinotata and D. vittata . Descriptions and a key to the 8 species in the Central United States are presented to permit their separation, and genitalia of the 10 species known to occur in the United States are figured.
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERMAGNESEMIA AND QTC PROLONGATION

Hypomagnesemia is thought to be associated with acquired long QT syndrome. We examined a quantitative relationship between serum magnesium (Mg) levels and QTc interval. We included 8,512 consecutive patients admitted to the coronary care unit at a single medical center from 2004 to 2013. The mean
A rare cause of hip pain characterized by an inability to walk or bear weight.

With no history of trauma, a middle-age man experiences severe pain in his left hip and buttock. After common conditions are excluded, an unusual diagnosis is finally made.
Presque Isle Peninsula: A Case Study in Beach Cementation

Attempts to resupply the beaches of the Presque Isle Peninsula, Pennsylvania with new sand have resulted in problems with undesirable cementation of artificial beach nourishment material. Cementation of this material has resulted in the formation of high (8 ft), steep banks which are dangerous to beach-goers, inhibit access to the beach and are susceptible to undercutting and collapse. This phenomenon was investigated by evaluating the fines (–#200 sieve size) content of the material, the composition of the sand particles, availability of ground water, lake water, and precipitation, and construction practices at the project site. Calcareous coarse and fine materials were disclosed in source materials examined and were found to react with available sources of water to precipitate fine-grained carbonate cement in pore spaces of the previously unconsolidated material. Suggested remediation of this cementation problem requires a reduction in the percentage of fines and reduction in the amount of carbonate material available for dissolution and reprecipitation.
Chapter 13 – Streamflow Data

Streamflow data are vital for a variety of water-resources issues, from flood warning to water supply planning. The collection of streamflow data is usually an involved and complicated process. This chapter serves as an overview of the streamflow data collection process. Readers with the need for the detailed information on the streamflow data collection process are referred to the many references noted in this chapter.
Study on identification of Clonorchis sinensis and Haplorchis taichui by analysis of Egg ITS-2 sequence

Objective To establish an identification method basis on molecular biology techniques for Clonorchis sinensis and Haplorchis taichui.Methods Adult flukes of C.sinensis and H.taichui were collected from Clonorchiasis endemic areas and the eggs were separated from the worms under stereomicroscope.Roundworm,Whipworm,Hookworm and Pinworm were served as control species,all kinds of eggs were divided into five experimental groups according to the species and the number of eggs.DNA from each group was extracted and amplified the sequence of ITS-2,and amplified products were sequenced and homology analyzed ensure that the products were the target fragments.The species of insect were determined according to the electrophoresis of PCR products.Results The electrophoresis of PCR products of C.sinensis and H.taichui display a distinct band at around 400bp,500bp,respectively; electropherogram in PCR products of mixture DNA of two species eggs showed two obvious bands at around400bp and 500bp.The two nucleotide sequencing which had sequenced were compared to Blast,show that both of the sequences are highly homologous with C.sinensis and H.taichi in GenBank,respectively.The PCR products with four kinds of Heligmosomoides polygyrus eggs have no other bands except the objective strips.Conclusion This method can be used to identify C.sinensis and H.taichui,and the results are not affected by four kinds of Heligmosomoides polygyrus eggs,is an identification method for Clonorchis sinensis and Haplorchis taichui with high sensitivity and specificity.
Epidemiological study of metritis in Michigan dairy cattle

A prospective study using the Michigan National Animal Health Monitoring System was conducted to determine factors that affect the incidence of metritis in Michigan dairy herds. Data on herd management, disease, and environmental risk factors were collected from a stratified random sample of 97 herds with 7,835 cows for 12 months. Linear and logistic regression models were developed to assess the association between metritis and factors at the herd and cow level. Significant factors included retained placenta, dystocia, routine post partum examinations, herd size, and parity. Implications on the interpretation and use of results from herd- and cow-based analyses are discussed.
Recombinant tumor necrosis factor enhances the proliferative responsiveness of murine peripheral macrophages to macrophage colony-stimulating factor but inhibits their proliferative responsiveness to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a protein produced by activated macrophages in response to endotoxin. The effect of recombinant murine TNF (rMuTNF) on the growth of murine tissue-derived macrophage colony- forming units (CFU-M) which are responsive to both macrophage and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (M-CSF and GM-CSF), was studied. TNF alone did not stimulate macrophage proliferation but did prolong their survival in vitro. The proliferative response of CFU- M to M-CSF, however, was greatly enhanced by the presence of TNF. The enhancement effect of TNF is dose-dependent, reaching a maximum at approximately 50 U/mL. In contrast, the proliferative responsiveness of CFU-M to GM-CSF was inhibited by the concurrent addition of rMuTNF. Both effects appear to be caused directly by rMuTNF, rather than by the secondary factor(s) produced by TNF-treated macrophages. TNF treatment also induced a transient downmodulation of M-CSF receptors in cultured macrophages and accelerated their uptake and use of exogenous M-CSF, which may account for, at least in part, the enhanced proliferative activity in response to M-CSF. Short-term treatment (24 hours) was not sufficient to induce either an enhancing or an inhibitory effect upon CFU-M. This study suggests an autoregulatory role for TNF in the production of mature tissue macrophages by selectively enhancing their proliferative response to lineage specific growth factor, M-CSF.
Quantum materials: Kitaev's exact solution approximated.

For 25 years of condensed matter science, physicists have searched for a material that realizes a macroscopic quantum state of matter: the quantum spin liquid. Recent experiments show that a necessary interaction may be found in a family of hexagonal ruthenium-based materials.
Modernization and the Starbucks Initiative

The arrival of Sir Christopher Meyer to Washington, DC, as HM Ambassador in 1997 signaled the last great revitalization of the alumni society. Like many in his era of service, Meyer’s advocacy of a close Anglo-American accord originated in the shadowy uncertainty of the Cold War piste. As the Foreign Office spokesman from 1984 to 1988, he had “a ringside seat” to the “[US–UK] handling the Soviet Union and the emergence of Gorbachev.” A fellowship at Harvard 1 year later—which included homestays in Oklahoma, Texas, and Louisiana—brought him even closer to the fore of American education. To Meyer, the Marshall, as a form of educational and cultural diplomacy, was “feed corn” for the transatlantic partnership. He quickly became a close ally of the AMS and helped it to build on the institutional groundwork laid by previous eras, to elevate its programming, and to modernize for the twenty-first century as it had fallen, just as in the early 1980s, into a state of relative languor.
“Failure Is a Major Component of Learning Anything”: The Role of Failure in the Development of STEM Professionals

The term failure typically evokes negative connotations in educational settings and is likely to be accompanied by negative emotional states, low sense of confidence, and lack of persistence. These negative emotional and behavioral states may factor into an individual not pursuing a degree or career in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM). This is of particular concern considering the low number of women and underrepresented minorities pursing and working in a STEM field. Utilizing interview data with professionals across STEM, we sought to understand the role failure played in the persistence of individuals who enter and pursue paths toward STEM-related careers. Findings highlighted how participants’ experiences with failure (1) shaped their outlooks or views of failure, (2) shaped their trajectories within STEM, and (3) provided them with additional skills or qualities. A few differences based on participants’ sex, field, and highest degree also manifested in our analysis. We expect the results from this study to add research-based results to the current conversation around whether experiences with failure should be part of formal and informal educational settings and standards-based practices.
Unbounded evidence accumulation characterizes subjective visual vertical forced-choice perceptual choice and confidence.

We found that choice confidence data show dynamics consistent with evidence accumulation for a forced-choice subjective visual vertical task. We also found that the evidence accumulation appeared u...
Race, Empire, and English Language Teaching: Creating Responsible and Ethical Anti-Racist Practice. Suhanthie Motha, 2014, New York, NY: Teachers College Press, 208 pp., $41.95 (paperback), $80.00 (hardcover)

Rarely does a piece of scholarly writing hold on to immense complexity without muting one or more of the important components. Especially in book-length projects, many authors struggle to manage th...
Turn-Taking and Chatting in Collaborative Music Live Coding

Co-located collaborative live coding is a potential approach to network music and to the music improvisation practice known as live coding. A common strategy to support communication between live coders and the audience is the use of a chat window. However, paying attention to simultaneous multi-user actions, such as chat texts and code, can be too demanding to follow. In this paper, we explore collaborative music live coding (CMLC) using the live coding environment and pedagogical tool EarSketch. In particular, we examine the use of turn-taking and a customized chat window inspired by the practice of pair programming, a team-based strategy to efficiently solving computational problems. Our approach to CMLC also aims at facilitating the understanding of this practice to the audience. We conclude discussing the benefits of this approach in both performance and educational settings.
T786C Polymorphisms of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (eNOS3) in basketball players

Genetic factor plays important role in athlete’s performance. This study was aimed at the improve fact that the eNOS3-786 T/C polymorphism is a candidate to explain individual variability in athletic performance. The Endothelial Nitric Oxide synthesis gene variants have been studied. The T786C polymorphism of eNOS gene studied in power and endurance sport. We compared genotypic and allelic frequencies of the NOS3 T786c polymorphism in basketball players with the control group. DNA extracts from 35-men players basketball and 40 healthy men as a control. The T 786C polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The frequency of the T allele was significant for basketball players compared to control group (60% vs. 42.5%, P= 0.334). While genotypes disruption there is no statically significant among basketball player (40% TT,40% TC,20% CC) compared with control (30% TT,25% TC, 45% CC), (p=0.365, 0.167, 0.069 respectively). It was concluded the T allele associated with the status of being an elite basketball players and it has a beneficial effect on performance parameters but it needed further study. Keywords: Endothelial Nitric Oxide synthase; T786C polymorphism; PCR.
"Trabajando nuestros campos historicos": An Autoethnographic Approach to (Re)imagining the Possibilities of Story.

In this introspective piece, the author reflects on his own journey as an emerging academic by tracing ancestral histories and examining critical life experiences that have shaped and informed his ...
Verifying Radiation Treatment in Proton Therapy via PET Imaging of the Induced Positron-Emitters

Abstract Positron Emission Topography (PET) is a promising technique to verify the dose distribution from proton therapy, a precise treatment modality increasingly used in radiation oncology because its radiation pattern conforms more closely to the configuration of a tumor than does that from X-ray radiation, thereby sparing normal healthy tissue. Proton therapy produces positron-emitting isotopes along the beam’s path, allowing PET to image the distribution of therapeutic energy, viz., a form of quality assurance of the treatment. This ability is especially important when treating heterogeneous organs, such as the lungs or the head-and-neck, where calculating the expected dose distribution for treatment is complex. Here, we present the findings from our Monte Carlo simulations of the yield of positron emitters produced by proton beams of up to 250 MeV, followed by our statistically realistic Monte Carlo simulation of the images expected from a clinical PET scanner. Our emphases lay in predicting accurately the distribution of positron emitters, and in determining the quality of the PET signal near the Bragg peak that is critical to the success of PET imaging for verifying the proton beam’s location and dosimetry. We also demonstrate that the results depend strongly on the accuracy of the available nuclear reaction cross section data. Accordingly, we quantify the differences in the calculated positron-emitter yields from four different sets of such data, comparing them to the simulated distributions of positron-emitter production and absorbed proton energies.
The Utility of Frame Averaging for Automated Algorithms in Analyzing Retinal Vascular Biomarkers in AngioVue OCTA

Purpose This study proposes an optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) frame-averaging method and investigates the effects of the number of frames acquired and averaged on metrics quantifying the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vessel morphology, and parafoveal intercapillary area (PICA). Methods Ten OCTA frames were acquired for each of the 19 subjects without known retinal disease using the AngioVue OCTA system. For each subject, acquired frames were ranked by an image quality metric. A subset of frames was then registered and averaged. The effects of the number of frames acquired and averaged on FAZ segmentation and metrics of FAZ geometry, vessel morphology, and PICA were analyzed. Results Frame averaging increased the accuracy of the automatically segmented FAZ region; for example, the absolute error in FAZ area decreased from 0.026 mm2 (1 frame) to 0.005 mm2 (5 frames). Averaging multiple frames exponentially decreased the estimated number of vessel endpoints and increased the average vessel length with a 32% decrease in number of endpoints and 14% increase in average vessel length when averaging five frames compared with one. Frame averaging also improved the precision of PICA estimates. Conclusions Averaging multiple OCTA frames using the Optovue AngioVue system reduced error in FAZ segmentation and improved the robustness of OCTA vessel morphology and perfusion metrics. The study demonstrated limited benefit in acquiring and averaging more than five frames. Translational relevance Averaging multiple OCTA frames improved the robustness of OCTA foveal biomarkers with limited benefit when averaging more than five frames.
Interaction of race and pathology for neuroendocrine tumors: Epidemiology, natural history, or racial disparity?

376Background: The prognostic value of pathologic variables is not consistent for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). We previously demonstrated a limited prognostic role of ly...
Beam me up Scotty

Although transporting a starship crewmember onto the surface of an alien planet is clearly science fiction, quantum state teleportation is not, and has been observed in various systems over the last few decades. Now, electron-spin teleportation has been observed in a carefully designed molecular system, paving the way for such behaviour to be tailored through molecular engineering.
Scholar Plot: Design and Evaluation of an Information Interface for Faculty Research Performance.

The ability to objectively assess academic performance is critical to rewarding academic merit, charting academic policy, and promoting science. Quintessential to performing these functions is first the ability to collect valid and current data through increasingly automated online interfaces. Moreover, it is crucial to remove disciplinary and other biases from these data, presenting them in ways that support insightful analysis at various levels. Existing systems are lacking in some of these respects. Here we present Scholar Plot (SP), an interface that harvests bibliographic and research funding data from online sources. SP addresses systematic biases in the collected data through nominal and normalized metrics. Eventually, SP combines synergistically these metrics in a plot form for expert appraisal, and an iconic form for broader consumption. SP’s plot and iconic forms are scalable, representing equally well individual scholars and their academic units, thus contributing to consistent ranking practices across the university organizational structure. In order to appreciate the design principles underlying SP, in particular the informativeness of nominal versus normalized metrics, we also present the results of an evaluation survey taken by senior faculty (n=28) with significant promotion and tenure assessment experience.
Robotic partial nephrectomy: The current status.

Introduction: Since its introduction, robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) has become increasingly popular, in part as a result of several advances in technique. The purpose of this paper is to review these techniques as well as the perioperative, functional, and oncologic outcomes after RPN and compare these outcomes to those after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and open partial nephrectomy (OPN). Methods: A literature review was performed to identify papers and meta-analyses that compared outcomes after RPN to OPN or LPN. All meta-analyses were included in this review. Results: Technical advances that have contributed to improved outcomes after RPN include the first-assistant sparing technique, the sliding clip technique, early unclamping, and selective arterial clamping. All five meta-analyses that compared LPN to RPN found that RPN was associated with a shorter warm ischemia time (WIT), but that there were no differences in estimated blood loss (EBL) or operative times. Those meta-analyses that compared intraoperative and postoperative complications, conversion to open or radical nephrectomy, length of stay (LOS), and postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) either found no difference or favored RPN. Four meta-analyses compared RPN to OPN. All four found that EBL, LOS, and postoperative complications favor RPN. There were no significant differences in intraoperative complications, conversion to radical nephrectomy, or positive surgical margin rates. One meta-analysis found that eGFR was better after RPN. Operative time and WIT generally favored OPN. Conclusions: Several techniques have been described to improve outcomes after RPN. We believe that the literature shows that RPN is as good if not better than both LPN and OPN and has become the preferred surgical approach.
Antibody Response to the Furin Cleavable Twenty-Seven Amino Acid Peptide (p27) of the Fusion Protein in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infected Adult Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Recipients

Background: Cleavage of the inactive precursor fusion protein (F0) of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at two furin-recognition sites is required for membrane fusion activity, and the cleavage releases the twenty-seven amino acid peptide (p27). However, a recent study shows that p27 was an immunodominant epitope in RSV infected children, indicating that p27 was recognized as an immunogen. In the present study, we investigated the immunogenicity of p27 in an immunocompromised population of adults by measuring serum and mucosal antibody responses to p27 in samples from adult hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Methods: We prospectively enrolled a cohort of RSV infected HCT recipients. Serum and nasal-wash samples were obtained within the first week of RSV infection (acute) and 3 to 5 weeks post-infection (convalescent). We quantified the serum and mucosal IgG and IgA anti-p27 antibodies by a RSV/A p27 peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum and mucosal p27 like antibodies (P27LA) by a p27 competitive antibody (P27CA) assay. Results: The lower limit of detection for the ELISA and P27CA assays was 0.2 and 50 ng/mL, respectively with no cross-reaction detected with a panel of monoclonal antibodies targeting pre-fusion and post-fusion antigenic sites. P27 antibodies were detected at nanogram concentration in sera and nasal washes in the majority of RSV infected HCT recipients. However, there was no significant difference in the geometric mean antibody concentrations between the acute and convalescent sera (except for serum P27LA), between HCT recipients who shed RSV <14 days and ≥14 days, as well as between RSV/A and RSV/B infected HCT recipients. In addition, approximately 30% of HCT recipients had a 4-fold or greater decrease in mucosal IgG and IgA anti-p27 antibodies during viral clearance. Conclusion: In conclusion, in RSV naturally infected adult HCT recipients, the antibodies against p27 were detectable in both serum and nasal wash samples with higher concentration in serum than that in nasal washes. However, nearly 30% of RSV infected HCT recipients had a significant decrease in their mucosal anti-p27 antibody, suggesting that IgG and IgA anti-p27 antibodies were binding to either free viruses or RSV infected cells containing p27, and that anti-p27 antibodies in the respiratory tract were part of the mucosal antibody response in controlling RSV infection.
Biochar for Maintaining Soil Health

Soil, like human, must have good health to function well. This condition can only be achieved when its biological, chemical, and physical aspects are in their optimal capacity and in balance. Such requirements could be partially met by using biochar as a soil amendment. More specifically, biochar is a solid material, high (>50%) in organic carbon (C) content, and is produced by heating biomass, such as wood scraps, crop residues, or animal wastes, in an environment of elevated temperature (350–900 °C) with low or no oxygen. First, with properties such as large surface areas, numerous pores, and variable pore size, biochar can improve soil physical attributes, including aggregate stability, water holding capacity, root penetration, and reduced erosion. Second, given commonly alkaline pH value, abundant reactive surface functional groups, relatively high CEC, ash content, and labile C (5–10% of total fixed C), biochar can enrich soil fertility and soil organic matter. Lastly, with those desirable characteristics, application of biochar to soils, especially highly weathered, nutrient-poor, and/or acidic soils, has been proven to enhance soil microbial abundance, diversity, and activity. On the other hand, since climate and time also affect biochar properties and performance via oxidation by water and oxygen, long-term field experiments with different soil types and biochars should be actively conducted, keeping in mind that interactions between biochar and soil are inevitable, complex, and difficult to predict. Thus, biochar properties should be clearly characterized, and standardized, including pyrolysis process (e.g., fast, slow, highest treatment temperature, residence time); also feedstock (e.g., wood, crop residues, animal manure) should be clearly identified and publicized. Such clear specifications would help strengthen the use of biochar as a soil amendment to maintain and enhance soil health.
Refinement and Validation of the Head and Neck Lymphedema and Fibrosis Symptom Inventory

Purpose Lymphedema and fibrosis (LEF) are common yet overlooked late effects of head and neck cancer and its therapy. Lack of reliable and valid measures of head and neck LEF is a critical barrier to the timely identification and management of head and neck LEF. To fill this gap, we developed and pilot tested a 64-item patient-reported outcome measure ( Lymphedema Symptom Intensity and Distress Survey-Head and Neck, LSIDS-H&N). This article aims to report the process of further validation and refinement of the tool. Methods and Materials A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted, and 120 patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer were recruited. Participants completed the LSIDS-H&N at pretreatment, end of treatment, and every 3 months up to 12 months after treatment. SAS PROC VARCLUS was used to generate preliminary clusters of item responses. Internal consistency of the item responses within each cluster was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results A total of 117 patients completed the study. The participants reported that the LSIDS-H&N was easy to understand and captured their symptoms and medical conditions. However, >50% of participants indicated that the survey was burdensome due to length. Thus, we proceeded with item reduction, and the shortened tool (33-item) was named Head and Neck Lymphedema and Fibrosis Symptom Inventory (HN-LEF Symptom Inventory). The subsequent exploration of symptom clusters identified 7 symptom domain clusters (eg, soft tissue and neurologic toxicity), all of which demonstrated good internal consistency. Conclusions The HN-LEF Symptom Inventory has been carefully developed and refined to allow clinicians and researchers to capture LEF-associated symptom burden and function impairments. Additional rigorous psychometric testing of the tool is ongoing to further validate the strength and internal validity of this tool.
Experimental investigation of automated system for twitter sentiment analysis to predict the public emotions using machine learning algorithms

Abstract This paper introduces an automated twitter sentiment analysis system for predicting public emotions using machine learning algorithms. Sentiment analysis prediction is an innovative technique to analyze the emotions of the people with their suggestions uploaded in their personal media. One novel idea is a research study of the behavioral attributes of individuals in social networks. Such type of characteristics may be found on other social networking websites viz Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, Flickers etc. So the social networking site is the best way to find actions of people, thought style, mood, selfish networks, and opinions etc. Here, we are dealing with machine learning algorithms to predict users' online social activity which provides an opportunity to actively identify the positive and negative emotion rates. The experimental evaluation shows positive and negative emotion rate for both proposed and existing algorithms DAN, DAN2, SVM and SVM-of. The proposed system gives better results with 95.9% accuracy. The experimental investigation can be found that machine learning algorithms are a good choice for predicting public sentiments using twitter data.