cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Travertine deposits of Soda Dam, New Mexico, and their implications for the age and evolution of the Valles caldera hydrothermal system

Uranium-thorium disequilibrium dates and stable isotope analyses of travertine deposits at Soda Dam, New Mexico, have been used to determine the age and to document the evolution of the Valles caldera hydrothermal system. Soda Dam discharges from Paleozoic and Precambrian rocks in San Diego Canyon southwest of the caldera, and the canyon was filled with several hundred metres of Upper Bandelier Tuff during formation of Valles caldera, 1.12 Ma. According to the dates, the Valles hydrothermal system is at least 106 yr old or nearly as old as the caldera. The basic hydrology of the system has thus remained virtually unchanged during this time. Travertine ages indicate pulses in travertine deposition from ∼1.0 to 0.48 Ma, from 0.107 to 0.058 Ma, and from 0.005 Ma to present. The volume of various travertine deposits suggests that the hot-spring system at Soda Dam was once larger than it is today, possibly discharging as much as 5 to 10 times more fluid of Na-HCO3-Cl composition. Stable isotopes of the travertines indicate, however, that the hot-spring system has probably never been more than about 10 °C hotter than the present maximum temperature of 48 °C. Stable isotopes also show that the δ13C of CO2 and δ18O of H2O in hot-spring waters has remained relatively constant for 106 yr. The similar ages between caldera formation and the onset of large-scale hydrothermal circulation and travertine deposition on pre-Bandelier Tuff rocks imply that incision rates by the Jemez River in Bandelier Tuff were relatively rapid. As much as 400 m of tuff were cut by the ancestral Jemez River in 105 yr or less.
Rapid inductance calculation for interconnects containing current returning, grounded, floating conductors

This paper describes an accurate and efficient method to calculate parasitic inductance of complicated interconnects. Whereas the differential/integral equations-based numerical algorithms excel at obtaining accurate representation of parasitic inductance, their inherent numerical approach requires long CPU execution time and thus undermines their otherwise superb parasitic extraction capability. An algorithm capable of rapidly decomposing complicated trace structures using the theory of partial inductance and computes the decomposed structures using established analytical formulas is demonstrated. It is shown that the described technique achieves accuracy comparable to that obtained from a commercial field solver. A realistic package has grounded, floating conductors and current returning conductors. Techniques of extracting inductance of interconnects containing grounded conductors, floating conductors and current returning paths from the inductance matrix generated using the method described earlier are discussed as well.
Current use and potential role of bevacizumab in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers

Angiogenesis is essential for cancer growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key modulator of angiogenesis. In addition, overexpression of VEGF is correlated with advanced disease and poor prognosis. Bevacizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, is the first anti-angiogenic agent approved by Food and Drug Administration for use in treatment of human solid cancers. Although bevacizumab has received most attention for first-line treatment of advanced colorectal and nonsmall-cell lung cancer, there is a rapidly growing body of evidence for its efficacy in treatment of a number of other solid tumors. We present the current status and potential use of bevacizumab therapy in gastrointestinal cancers.
Phospholamban involvement in the maintenance of basal calcium transport in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Phosphorylation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane vesicles by exogenous c-AMP and c-AMP-dependent protein kinase stimulates calcium uptake and Ca2+-dependent ATP hydrolysis by 40–50% and results in the incorporation of 32P into a 22-KDa protein, phospholamban. Treatment of the membrane with DOC (0.0002% or 5 × 10−6 M) solubilizes phospholamban from the membrane and induces a 90% inhibition of basal calcium uptake. This inhibition cannot be attributed to an alteration in vesicle integrity or membrane permeability. The (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase remains associated with the membrane fraction and exhibits optimal levels of Ca2+-stimulated ATP hydrolysis. Phosphorylation prior to DOC treatment allows retention of the phospholamban in the membrane, concomitant with maintenance of the calcium transport activity. The results presented suggest that phospholamban is involved in the maintenance of basal calcium transport function in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum and that its phosphorylation stimulates Ca2+ trans...
Strepsirhine Basicranial Structures and the Affinities of the Cheirogaleidae

With a few exceptions, students of primate evolution have always agreed that the Madagascar lemurs are more closely related to the lorises and galagos than any other living primates. During the 19th century, all these strepsirhine prosimians were usually lumped together as “lemurs,” and some workers (e.g., Gray, 1870; Forbes, 1896) erected subfamilies and tribes that mixed Malagasy and African prosimians together in what now seems a haphazard and undiscriminating fashion. Most recent workers have followed Gregory (1915) in distinguishing a loris-galago group (Lorisiformes) from the Madagascar lemurs (Lemuriformes), denying that any member of either group has special affinities with any or all members of the other.
Association between obesity and coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling.

effects of beta-blockers to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29: 229–236. 6. Exner DV, Dries DL, Waclawiw MA, Shelton B, Domanski MJ. Betaadrenergic blocking agent use and mortality in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a post hoc analysis of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:916 – 923. 7. Aronow WS. Prevalence of presenting symptoms of recognized acute myocardial infarction and of unrecognized healed myocardial infarction in elderly patients. Am J Cardiol 1987;60:1182. 8. Roberts WC. Sudden cardiac death: definitions and causes. Am J Cardiol 1986;57:1410–1413.
MPOA flow classification design and analysis

We propose a framework for the performance analysis and flow classification design of multi-protocol over ATM (MPOA) network. The study based on the real Internet/intranet traces shows that even at high cost with long delay for each shortcut setup, MPOA can offer significant performance gain over the traditional routed network in an inter ELAN communication environment. In comparison, the MPOA performance gain in an Internet backbone environment is much less significant, mainly because of the dominant short-lived flows contributed by both d.n.s. and h.t.t.p. applications. We also propose a flow classification algorithm, which substantially reduces the implementation complexity while achieves the same level of performance as compared to the default flow classification algorithm proposed by MPOA standard. A simple timeout mechanism is also introduced to the flow cache table management for significant performance improvement. We further develop a stable, adaptive flow classification algorithm, which achieves a near-optimal solution to minimize the constrained MPOA resource utilizations.
Differential induction of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human skin by recombinant cytokines

We examine the effects of the recombinant epidermal cytokines interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), and the effect of the lymphokine gamma interferon (gamma-IFN) on the expression of ICAM-1 in short term organ cultures of newborn human foreskins. In normal skin, ICAM-1 was detected immunohistochemically exclusively on endothelial cells. In addition to enhanced ICAM-1 expression by endothelial cells (at 1 h) and keratinocytes (by 6 h) exposed to gamma-IFN, increased endothelial cell expression also resulted at 24 h after exposure to IL-6 and GM-CSF and at 48 h to M-CSF. Dermal dendritic cell reactivity for ICAM-1 was observed at 24 h after supplementation with IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6, and at 48 h with GM-CSF and M-CSF. Incubation with culture medium alone or with IL-3 resulted in no change in baseline ICAM-1 expression on any cell type, and incubation with TNF resulted in enhanced ICAM-1 expression only by endothelial cells. Thus, in skin explants (as opposed to isolated cell in culture), ICAM-1 is induced on various cell types by a wide range of epidermal cytokines, including IL-6, GM-CSF, M-CSF, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to Field Monitoring and Control in Mass and Alpha Energy Spectrometry

Nuclear magnetic resonance instrumentation was applied to mass spectrometers in several arrangements of magnet field stabilization and control and as a monitor of the relative fields of paired magnet systems. Precise measurements of the magnetic field of an alpha spectrometer were made in determining alpha particle energies by monitoring the resonance frequency with an accurate frequency meter.
Potato virus m in bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) in New York State.

Potato virus M (PVM) was detected in upstate New York in two plants of the widely naturalized, weedy perennial Solanum dulcamara. The virus was detected with a macroarray assay for potato viruses (1). Amplified, complimentary DNAs from the two isolates hybridized to 5 and 7 of the 15 oligonucleotide probes for PVM. Testing of the samples by double-antibody sandwich-ELISA using PVM-specific antibodies (Agdia, Elkhart, IN) showed a clear positive result. Sequence information for a 118-bp genomic region was obtained by amplification using carlavirus-specific primers (2) (GenBank Accession No. HQ446853). Comparison with a reference PVM genome (GenBank Accession No. NC_001361) showed that the sequence corresponded to nucleotide positions 8418 to 8533 with 86% identity. The infected plants were symptomless and collected from two sites, 50 miles apart. One site was a weedy roadside location in Tompkins County in 2009, while the second was from a hedgerow in a (non-potato) vegetable production area of Ontario County in 2010. The virus could be detected throughout the growing season in this perennial host. PVM was reported from S. dulcamara L. in Hungary and described as being found frequently from a diversity of habitats (3). Importantly, the virus was transmitted via tubers and by Myzus persicae with low efficiency (3). These results suggest that the virus may be endemic in S. dulcamara in the northeastern United States and this host may serve as a reservoir for the virus from which it could move into potato. To our knowledge, PVM has not been reported in this host in North America. References: (1) B. Agindotan and K. L. Perry. Plant Dis. 92:730, 2008. (2) J. Badge et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 102:305, 1996. (3) P. Salamon. Eur. Assoc. Pot. Res. Virol. Sect. Meet. 42:121, 2006.
Agent causation and the problem of luck

: On a standard libertarian account of free will, an agent acts freely on some occasion only if there remains, until the action is performed, some chance that the agent will do something else instead right then. These views face the objection that, in such a case, it is a matter of luck whether the agent does one thing or another. This paper considers the problem of luck as it bears on agent-causal libertarian accounts. A view of this type is defended against a recent and challenging version of the argument from luck.
The FASB and Accounting for Economic Reality

The proposal by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in 2002 to produce principles‐based accounting standards is an explicit commitment to use its conceptual framework to improve financi...
Drugs effectively used in problems of the eye.

The development of new ocular medications has led to great changes in ocular therapeutics, and to the virtual disappearance of some previously common ocular diseases. However, these same drugs have led to a whole new series of diseases. The author emphasizes the need for physicians to know the value of the drugs available, as well as their limitations and the complications they may cause.
Photoperiodic Response of Chickens

Abstract PHOTOPERIODISM was established as the principal environmental stimulus for reproduction in birds many years ago. Wetham’s (1933) suggestion that light stimulates the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland to produce gonadotrophins resulted in many experiments with the domestic fowl to determine how reproduction could be controlled and enhanced by artificial illumination. Reproduction (flowering) in plants was shown to be stimulated by dark periods rather than light periods by Hamner and Bonner (1938). Plants are now classified as short-day if they flower when the dark period is longer than critical value, and long-day if they flower in cycles containing dark periods shorter than critical value (Bonner, 1959). Wild bird s (bob-white quail, slate colored juncos, and white-throated sparrows) have been the object of research to learn the relationships of light and dark in controlling gonadal stimulation. Kirkpatrick and Leopold (1952), Jenner and Engles (1953) and Wolfson (1959) have demonstrated that light…
Theoretical Evaluation of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficients in Conjugated Problems Using the Second Law of Thermodynamics

The Tissue Convective Energy Balance Equation (TCEBE) is a recently derived, general bio-heat transfer equation from which a derivation of Pennes BHTE can be obtained. To accurately implement the TCEBE it is necessary to obtain expressions for the values of the overall heat transfer coefficients between the blood vessels and the tissue. One of the requisite steps in evaluating the overall heat transfer coefficients is to estimate convective heat transfer coefficients between the blood vessels and the tissue. To achieve this goal, a new technique is presented using the second law of thermodynamics to estimate convective heat transfer coefficients in conjugated problems at steady state. One dimensional results obtained are qualitatively similar to two dimensional results from the analytical solution for conjugated problems.© 2002 ASME
Quantitative Biological Assay of Bacterial Endotoxins

SummaryThe administration of AM-D simultaneously with typhoid endotoxin to mice reduced the 7-day LD50 of the latter approximately 550 to 20,000-fold. This system was used to quantitate the endotoxin contents of minute amounts of purified meningococcal LPS as well as broth culture super nates and cell bodies of these organisms. Small quantities of endotoxin were detected in one meningococcal polysaccharide preparation but not in another which was nonpyrogenic in rabbits.
Targeted Memory Reactivation during Sleep Depends on Prior Learning.

Study objectives When sounds associated with learning are presented again during slow-wave sleep, targeted memory reactivation (TMR) can produce improvements in subsequent location recall. Here we used TMR to investigate memory consolidation during an afternoon nap as a function of prior learning. Participants Twenty healthy individuals (8 male, 19-23 y old). Measurements and results Participants learned to associate each of 50 common objects with a unique screen location. When each object appeared, its characteristic sound was played. After electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes were applied, location recall was assessed for each object, followed by a 90-min interval for sleep. During EEG-verified slow-wave sleep, half of the sounds were quietly presented over white noise. Recall was assessed 3 h after initial learning. A beneficial effect of TMR was found in the form of higher recall accuracy for cued objects compared to uncued objects when pre-sleep accuracy was used as an explanatory variable. An analysis of individual differences revealed that this benefit was greater for participants with higher pre-sleep recall accuracy. In an analysis for individual objects, cueing benefits were apparent as long as initial recall was not highly accurate. Sleep physiology analyses revealed that the cueing benefit correlated with delta power and fast spindle density. Conclusions These findings substantiate the use of targeted memory reactivation (TMR) methods for manipulating consolidation during sleep. TMR can selectively strengthen memory storage for object-location associations learned prior to sleep, except for those near-perfectly memorized. Neural measures found in conjunction with TMR-induced strengthening provide additional evidence about mechanisms of sleep consolidation.
Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Cars and Rooms: Trend Comparisons Among Subpopulations of Nonsmoking U.S. Middle and High School Students

Introduction Young people in the United States are exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) primarily in 2 settings: homes and cars. Recently, researchers reported that the prevalence of U.S students exposed to SHS in cars decreased from 2000 to 2009; however, comparisons of trends across school levels, gender, and racial/ethnic groups were not assessed. Moreover, no studies have examined trends of exposure to SHS in rooms. Methods We used data from the 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2009 waves of the National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of U.S. middle and high school students. For SHS in cars and rooms, we identified exposure trends among nonsmokers from 2000 to 2009 and compared trends across subpopulations with binary logistic regression. Results We identified significant downward linear trends in SHS in cars and rooms for nearly all measured subpopulations of nonsmoking students from 2000 to 2009. SHS exposure in cars and rooms declined at a significantly greater rate for males than for females. SHS exposure in cars declined at a significantly greater rate for non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks than for NH Whites. SHS exposure in rooms declined at a significantly greater rate for NH Whites than for Hispanics and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders. Conclusions Although prevalence of exposure to SHS in cars and rooms among nonsmoking U.S. middle and high school students has declined from 2000 to 2009, the rates of decline were not equal across genders and racial/ethnic groups. Identification of these differing rates of exposure can help the public health community advocate for interventions focused on reducing adolescent SHS exposure.
Use of an Electrostatic Sprayer for Cotton Insect Control

An FMC electrostatic sprayer was compared with a conventional John Deere high-clearance sprayer for insect control and yield on 120 ha (60 ha each) of cotton in Lee County, S.C., in 1979. The electrostatic sprayer provided adequate insect control with no significant yield loss at about one-half the insecticide cost for the conventional sprayer. The savings amounted to ca. $50/ha in reduced insecticide costs during the season.
Structure of a Clostridium botulinum C143S Thiaminase I/Thiamin Complex Reveals Active Site Architecture,

Thiaminases are responsible for the degradation of thiamin and its metabolites. Two classes of thiaminases have been identified based on their three-dimensional structures and their requirements for a nucleophilic second substrate. Although the reactions of several thiaminases have been characterized, the physiological role of thiamin degradation is not fully understood. We have determined the three-dimensional X-ray structure of an inactive C143S mutant of Clostridium botulinum (Cb) thiaminase I with bound thiamin at 2.2 A resolution. The C143S/thiamin complex provides atomic level details of the orientation of thiamin upon binding to Cb-thiaminase I and the identity of active site residues involved in substrate binding and catalysis. The specific roles of active site residues were probed by using site directed mutagenesis and kinetic analyses, leading to a detailed mechanism for Cb-thiaminase I. The structure of Cb-thiaminase I is also compared to the functionally similar but structurally distinct thiaminase II.
The matter of design

AbstractThis paper combines notes for the opening debate, ‘In the future design will be very important designers less so’ of the Design Research Society conference, Designing the Future, University of Umea, Sweden, 12–14 June 2014 with closing comments for the symposium Matter/Matter(ing) by Design at Parsons School of Design, NYC, 10–11 April 2015.
Quantitative evaluation of the relation between the early diastolic average peak velocity of the mitral annulus and left ventricular diastolic and systolic function using DTI in patients with old myocardial infarction

Objective:To investigate the value of the early diastolic average peak velocity at 6 sites of the mitral annulus(?MA)for evaluating left ventricular diastolic and systolic function in patients with old myocardial infarction(OMI) Method:In 38 patients with OMI and 30 normal subjects,?MAwas measured by DTI and the end diastolic volume(EDV),the end systolic volume(ESV)and the left ejection fraction(EF)were examined with conventional echocardiography.These parameters of two groups subjects were analyzed quantitatively.?MA of patients with OMI was compared with EDV,ESV and EF.Results:In patients with OMI,?MA was significantly lower than that of normal subjects,P0 0001;EDV and ESV were significantly larger than these of normal subjects,both P0 0001;EF was significantly lower than that of normal subjects,P0 0001.In patients with OMI,?MA significantly negatively correlated with EDV and ESV,both P0 01;?MA significantly positively correlated with EF,P0 01;?MA was not significantly correlated with age.Conclusion:This study indicates that ?MA is index of left ventricular diastolic function and provides important information regarding left ventricular function in late systole to early diastole.
Generation and real-time implementation of high-speed controlled maneuvers using an autonomous 19-gram quadrotor

We present a new experimental method for the generation and real-time implementation of high-speed aerobatic maneuvers, including multiple flips, on a 19-gram autonomous quadrotor. A key element in the proposed approach is the design and experimental tuning of a gain scheduling control strategy in which two linear time-invariant (LTI) controllers are alternatingly activated and deactivated to switch between a normal flight mode and an aerobatic mode, enabling the flyer to perform consecutive multiple flips in a robustly stable manner. The implementation of the controllers is done using on-board power, sensors and computing capabilities, so that the quadrotor remains fully autonomous during flight. Notably, the attainment of autonomy, using real-time control, is made possible by the development of a new method for speed planning based on cubic functions, the geometric generalization of the notion of multi-flip and the empirical identification of the flyer's dynamics, required for trajectory generation and controller synthesis. Compelling experimental results demonstrate the suitability of the proposed approach. In particular, we present maneuvers that include consecutive single, double, and triple flips about the flyer's roll principal axis and a non-principal axis. To the best of our knowledge, to this date, the flyer used in this research is the smallest controlled quadrotor to have autonomously accomplished three consecutive flips while remaining stable.
Fellow As Teacher Curriculum: Improving Rheumatology Fellows' Teaching Skills During Inpatient Consultation.

OBJECTIVE Enhancing rheumatology fellows' teaching skills in the setting of inpatient consultation may have a broad positive impact. Such efforts may improve fellows' clinical skills and overall patient care. Most importantly, effective resident-fellow teaching interactions may not only increase residents' knowledge of rheumatology but may influence their career choice. However, a number of barriers to the resident-fellow teaching interaction have been identified, including fellows' teaching skills. We developed the Fellow As Clinical Teacher (FACT) curriculum in order to enhance fellows' teaching skills during inpatient consultation. METHODS The FACT curriculum was delivered in two 45-minute workshops during the 3-day Winter Symposium of the Carolinas Fellows Collaborative. We evaluated its effect with self-assessment surveys and fellow performance on the objective structured teaching exercise (OSTE) before and after participation in the curriculum. RESULTS Nineteen fellows from 4 rheumatology training programs participated in the pre- and post-curriculum OSTEs and 18 fellows completed pre- and post-curriculum surveys. OSTE scores improved on 5 of the 8 items assessed, and the total OSTE score improved as well (34.7 versus 29.5; P < 0.01) after the FACT curriculum. Fellows' self-assessment of their teaching skills and intent to teach during consultation also increased after participation in the curriculum. CONCLUSION The FACT curriculum, focused on teaching during consultation, improved fellows' teaching skills and attitudes toward teaching. Improving and increasing fellow teaching, particularly in the consultation setting, may impact patient care, resident and fellow learning, and teaching skills of future faculty, and could potentially influence residents' career choice.
Alpha-defensin-dependent enhancement of enteric viral infection

The small intestinal epithelium produces numerous antimicrobial peptides and proteins, including abundant enteric α-defensins. Although they most commonly function as potent antivirals in cell culture, enteric α-defensins have also been shown to enhance some viral infections in vitro. Efforts to determine the physiologic relevance of enhanced infection have been limited by the absence of a suitable cell culture system. To address this issue, here we use primary stem cell-derived small intestinal enteroids to examine the impact of naturally secreted α-defensins on infection by the enteric mouse pathogen, mouse adenovirus 2 (MAdV-2). MAdV-2 infection was increased when enteroids were inoculated across an α-defensin gradient in a manner that mimics oral infection but not when α-defensin levels were absent or bypassed through other routes of inoculation. This increased infection was a result of receptor-independent binding of virus to the cell surface. The enteroid experiments accurately predicted increased MAdV-2 shedding in the feces of wild type mice compared to mice lacking functional α-defensins. Thus, our studies have shown that viral infection enhanced by enteric α-defensins may reflect the evolution of some viruses to utilize these host proteins to promote their own infection.
Data Collection in Massively Multiplayer Online Games: Methods, Analytic Obstacles, and Case Studies

Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) occupy a unique position in the videogaming landscape. While multiplayer computer games are certainly not new (Spacewars, in 1962, was already designed for two players), MMOGs have gone much farther than any other genre in their attempts to encourage social interactions between large groups of players. This is all the more interesting when considering that most of the activities offered in a MMOG, such as killing monsters, leveling up a character, gaining more powerful abilities and gear, etc., are all already available in single-player games: from an individual standpoint, one could have a strikingly similar experience playing a MMOG like World of Warcraft (Blizzard, 2004), for instance, and a single-player role-playing game (RPG) like Dragon Age (Electronic Arts, 2009). Therefore, what makes MMOGs so unique and interesting is their social architecture: the way each game world is designed to maximize opportunities for player-to-player interactions. In turn, it is these repeated player interactions that keep subscribers coming back – and paying their monthly fee: as previous studies have shown “it is the players that are addictive [in MMOGs], not the game itself (Lazarro 2004).” Understanding the nature and structure of player behaviors and interactions in online games is therefore not only an interesting (and fun) sociological question: it is also potentially a very lucrative one, since a better understanding of player behavior could lead to improved social architectures with even higher attractiveness to the players and a corresponding increased retention (and profit).
Characterization of anti-stiction coatings for MEMS applications

Anti-stiction coatings are frequently deposited onto MEMS surfaces to prevent moving structures from getting stuck. Therefore, in order to resolve stiction issues during MEMS production, it is important to characterize the anti-stiction coating effectively. Time-of-Flight SIMS was found to be very useful to this purpose, where the C 2 F 4 signal from the perfluoro-decyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) anti-stiction coating was useful in studying the thermal degradation of the material. This was successfully employed in the failure analysis of stiction issues involving MEMS motion sensors.
Resilient Disaster Recovery: The Role of Health Impact Assessment

Health Impact Assessments (HIAs) offer an important way of improving infrastructure decision-making during the post-disaster recovery period. Although increasingly used in support of non-emergency planning decisions HIAs have not yet been widely adapted for disaster recovery contexts. The growing acceptance of broader definitions of health and the setting of future health goals, informed by lay preferences and perspectives as well as expert ones, are assisting the transition to new more holistic policies. Experience in New Jersey, following Hurricane Sandy, provides illustrations of infrastructure impacts and the challenges they pose to local communities. Traditional definitions of physical infrastructure are expanding to include categories like “green infrastructure” and “economic infrastructure”; experts and laypersons are also making different assessments of both the character and the salience of infrastructure needs. Multiple competing priorities for attention by survivors further constraint the degree to which infrastructure issues can be addressed by individual survivors and their families. Opportunities and barriers for the use of HIAs in disaster recovery are identified and explored. The coproduction of policies that capture varieties of knowledge and preferences about infrastructure among experts and laypeople is encouraged.
A case of intra-arterial thrombolysis with alteplase in a patient with hypothenar hammer syndrome but without underlying aneurysm.

Hypothenar hammer syndrome is a cause of symptomatic ischemia of the hand secondary to the formation of aneurysm or thrombosis of the ulnar artery in the setting of a complete or incomplete palmar ...
Tumors of the Eye

Retinoblastoma is the principal intraocular neoplasm of infancy and childhood originating from the retina of one or both eyes as a single mass or multifocal tumors. Although it is relatively infrequent in the pediatric age group overall as compared to other neoplasms, it is responsible for morbidity and mortality during the first year of life [1–7]. Retinoblastoma occurs in fetuses and infants, and far advanced disease may be present already at birth [1, 2, 8–12]. The tumor is detected in utero by ultrasound as early as 21 weeks gestation [8].
Role of annealing atmosphere on the crystal structure and composition of tetrahedrite–tennantite alloy nanoparticles

Tetrahedrite–tennantite (TET–TEN, Cu12Sb4S13–Cu12As4S13) nanoparticle (NP) alloys spanning the entire Sb–As composition range were synthesized using a hot-injection method without any detectable impurities. Thin films of TET–TEN NPs were prepared from colloidal NP inks and heat treated in sulfur vapor, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen atmospheres. Under sulfur, the TET–TEN films were oxidized to tetragonal famatinite–luzonite (Cu3As1−xSbxS4). Heat treating under a reducing hydrogen sulfide atmosphere stabilized the mixed TET–TEN alloy compositions, though the endmember compositions partially decomposed via loss of volatile pnictogen sulfides. Losses of pnictogen and sulfur atoms were most significant when heat treating under an inert nitrogen atmosphere. Collectively, these results suggest that TET–TEN materials can be reversibly interconverted to famatinite–luzonite by selecting an appropriate annealing atmosphere. Our work serves as the foundation for both the synthesis and production of device-quality TET–TEN and related chalcogenide NP thin films.
Crystal structure of a human ubiquitin E1–ubiquitin complex reveals conserved functional elements essential for activity

Ubiquitin (Ub) signaling plays a key regulatory role in nearly every aspect of eukaryotic biology and is initiated by E1 enzymes that activate and transfer Ub to E2 Ub-conjugating enzymes. Despite Ub E1's fundamental importance to the cell and its attractiveness as a target for therapeutic intervention in cancer and other diseases, its only available structural information is derived from yeast orthologs of human ubiquitin-like modifier–activating enzyme 1 (hUBA1). To illuminate structural differences between yeast and hUBA1 structures that might be exploited for the development of small-molecule therapeutics, we determined the first crystal structure of a hUBA1–Ub complex. Using structural analysis, molecular modeling, and biochemical analysis, we demonstrate that hUBA1 shares a conserved overall structure and mechanism with previously characterized yeast orthologs, but displays subtle structural differences, particularly within the active site. Computational analysis revealed four potential ligand-binding hot spots on the surface of hUBA1 that might serve as targets to inhibit hUBA1 at the level of Ub activation or E2 recruitment or that might potentially be used in approaches such as protein-targeting chimeric molecules. Taken together, our work enhances our understanding of the hUBA1 mechanism, provides an improved framework for the development of small-molecule inhibitors of UBA1, and serves as a stepping stone for structural studies that involve the enzymes of the human Ub system at the level of both E1 and E2.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 3′‐Difluorovinyl Taxoids.

A series of 3′-difluorovinyl taxoids (I) with C10 modifications, as well as those with C2 and C10 modifications, are designed and synthesized.
White Paper: A Multidimensional Understanding of Effective University and College Counseling Center Organizational Structures

ABSTRACTEstablished in 1950, the Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors (AUCCCD) is an international organization comprising universities and colleges (https://www.auccc...
It’s Complicated: Patient and Informal Caregiver Performance of Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy-Related Tasks:

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) requires patients and caregivers to infuse antimicrobials through venous catheters (VCs) in the home. The objective of this study was to perform a...
STEM Identity Exploration through an Immersive Learning Environment

To facilitate identity exploration and career interest among underrepresented racial and gender minorities, a week-long Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) summer camp was designed in alignment with Projective Reflection’s (PR) theory of identity exploration and Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). The camp included the choice between three different space themed STEM tracks: astroengineering, astrophysics, and astrobiology which embedded project-based pedagogy with collaborative, hands-on experiences that immersed the students into STEM roles. Eighteen middle school students’ data including surveys, focus group interviews, observation notes, student journals, and artifacts were collected and analyzed using a concurrent mixed-methods design. The data was organized and analyzed in three time points “starting self”, “exploring possible selves” and “new self” using the four constructs of PR. The results showed no significant change in the survey due to the small sample size but meaningful mean changes in constructs of PR which were further supported by qualitative findings. The qualitative findings were also in line with previous research in which the interest is a mediator in developing identities toward STEM careers. The type of activities and the design features of the curriculum were also shown to be effective in developing integrated identity exploration.
Mental health benefits of nature-based recreation: a systematic review

The demand for mental health services around the world has risen dramatically. Many researchers and practitioners are looking for alternative mental health treatments, including nature-based recrea...
EFFECTS OF IMAGE PROCESSING UPON RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGE QUALITY

Background There is evidence that capture and processing of the digital radiographic images may contain artifacts that could reduce the diagnostic value of dental radiographs. This phenomenon has been reported through various case reports. However, its effect on radiographic image quality has not been studied. Objective(s) The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of image processing on the quality of dental digital radiographs using the most common type of filter—sharpening. Study Design Three imaging modalities (2 complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS], 1 photostimulable phosphor [PSP]) were used to image a DDQA imaging phantom (Digital Dental Quality Assurance phantom) and to create a flatfield radiograph. Contrast resolution, spatial resolution, dynamic range, and radiographic noise were assessed for image quality. Overshoot artifact was also assessed. Each image was sharpened and then highly sharpened. Images were compared using Friedman's 2-way nonparametric analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Image sharpening significantly affected spatial resolution and noise. Conversely, dynamic range and contrast resolution were not significantly affected by image sharpening. Overshoot artifact increased with image sharpening. Discussion/Conclusions Image sharpening can create artifacts that could be misinterpreted. Although image sharpening significantly affects spatial resolution, no significant effect was seen on dynamic range or contrast resolution.
Twisted-Rod Quartic Metamaterials

We introduce a novel type of metamaterials composed of twisted layers of metal rods. We show that these metamaterials, composed of quadric components, are quartic and exhibit magnetoelectric coupling.
Gaining Accuracy for Gene Expression Data by Parsimonious Models

Abstract Gene expression data must be accurate in order to promote extensive, reliable, and repeatable results and to compare treatments with few false positives and false negatives. One way to gain accuracy is by advanced experimental techniques, and another is by good experimental design, including replication. But these may not be enough to achieve even one significant digit, as shown by an example using oat data. This article introduces an additional opportunity to increase accuracy that involves parsimonious models, which has not yet been implemented in the gene expression literature to the best of our knowledge. Basically, a parsimonious model gains accuracy by selectively recovering signal in its model while selectively relegating noise to a discarded residual. Typically, this accuracy gain is equivalent to averaging over several times as many replications, but its cost is trivial, merely some computation. Consequently, this neglected way to gain accuracy is quite cost effective. For gene expression research, accuracy gain by parsimonious models should be a standard component of best practices.
Comparison of efficacy of propofol given by closed-loop infusion for surgery in pediatric patients of different ages

Objective To compare the efficacy of closed-loop infusion of propofol for surgery in pediatric patients of different ages. Methods Forty-five pediatric patients of both sexes, weighing 10-63 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective urologic surgery under general anesthesia, were divided into 3 groups (n=15 each) according to the age: infant group (1-3 yr), pre-school group (4-6 yr) and school-age group (7-12 yr). The bispectral index (BIS) monitor was connected to the closed-loop anesthesia delivery system, and the system automatically regulated the target plasma concentration of propofol to achieve a target BIS value of 45-55 during maintenance of anesthesia.Remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion at a target plasma concentration and rocuronium was intravenously injected when necessary during surgery.BIS40-60 time percentage (percentage of time of BIS value maintaining at 40-60 in time of closed-loop infusion), median performance error (MDPE), median absolute performance error (MDAPE), wobble and global score were recorded.The consumption of propofol, mean target plasma concentration and regulating frequency and consumption of remifentanil and rocuronium were recorded during surgery.Extubation time or laryngeal mask airway removal time, time to eye-opening and time of regaining consciousness were recorded. Results The BIS40-60 time percentage was significantly higher, MDPE, MDAPE, wobble and global score were lower in pre-school and school-age groups than in infant group (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in the consumption of propofol, mean target plasma concentration, regulating frequency, consumption of rocuronium, extubation time or laryngeal mask airway removal time, time to eye-opening or time of regaining consciousness among the 3 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Closed-loop infusion of propofol produces better stability for surgery in pre-school and school-age children than in infants. Key words: Propofol; Drug dilivery systems; Child
The Critique of Real Abstraction: From the Critical Theory of Society to the Critique of Political Economy and Back Again

This contribution maps the development of the critique of real abstraction from its origins to the present. The first section discusses the ambiguous status of the critique of real abstraction in Marx. The second section provides an overview of the development of the critique of real abstraction as a critical theory of capitalist society in Sohn-Rethel, Adorno and Lefebvre. The third section looks at their reception in the New Reading of Marx and the New Reading’s systematization of the theory of real abstraction in the critique of political economy. The fourth section compares the new theories of real abstraction in Toscano/Bhandar, Endnotes and Moore with Lotz and Bonefeld. The conclusion points to several ways the new reading of the critical theory of real abstraction can be furthered developed.
Ludic Ubuntu in the Search for Transformative Justice

The 1990s Truth and Reconciliation Commission uniquely popularized a Southern African ethical principle: Ubuntu which has been translated as shared humanity. In particular, it was championed by the TRC's chair Archbishop Desmond Tutu to encourage perpetrators of political crimes to "confess" or take responsibility and to press upon victims' families to forgive for the sake of reconciliation. This philosophy has been popularized around the globe in restorative justice contexts as well as transitional justice practices, from Indigenous Sentencing Circles to Rwanda's recent gacaca court proceedings. I will present a five-stage model, moving from "negative" Ubuntu (stage 1) to "positive" Ubuntu (stage 5), which I call a ludic Ubuntu (criminal justice) ethics. I focus on criminal justice contexts, but the model of ludic Ubuntu ethics could easily be mobilized beyond conflict resolution of the most serious kind, namely, in day-to-day human interactions. Stage 5 presents a glimpse into the utopian ideal of unconditional forgiveness and transformative justice. At this stage, play is non-violent (win-win) and a realization between parties settles in that sanctions are obsolete. Ubuntu ethics signifies the enduring yet fragile interconnectedness of life.
The Utilization of the Feynman Technique in Paired Team Teaching Towards Enhancing Grade 10 ANHS Students’ Academic Achievement in Science

Several scholars in the field of science instruction suggested that various challenges can hinder an individual in learning (Chin et al. [1]; Drinkwater et al. [2]; Huang et al. [3]). Furthermore, the help of other people enhances learning. This study applied the Feynman Technique and the practice of paired team teaching to identify the challenges of students in understanding the concept of evolution in a high school Biology class. The researchers tested 20 students from a Grade 10 Adult Night High School class of a private school in the Philippines. The control group took the class without the intervention while the experimental group was introduced to the intervention. Purposive sampling was used based on the student’s class standing before the experiment. A ten-item assessment on the evolution of horses was done after the experiment. The study revealed that there is not enough evidence to prove the existence of a significant difference in the results of the control group (M=6.646, SD=17.9) and the experimental group (M=6.653, SD=3.71) for the administered assessment; t (15) =1.75, p=0.05. It is recommended that the intervention should be tested in a larger population, regardless of grade level and a science subject. This is to validate what other variations of inputs can be created from the Feynman Technique.
Effectiveness of angiotensin-neprilysin inhibitor treatment versus renin-angiotensin system blockade in older adults with heart failure in clinical care.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade alone in older adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods We conducted a cohort study using US Medicare fee-for-service claims data (2014–2017). Patients with HFrEF ≥65 years were identified in two cohorts: (1) initiators of ARNI or RAS blockade alone (ACE inhibitor, ACEI; or angiotensin receptor blocker, ARB) and (2) switchers from an ACEI to either ARNI or ARB. HR with 95% CI from Cox proportional hazard regression and 1-year restricted mean survival time (RMST) difference with 95% CI were calculated for a composite outcome of time to first worsening heart failure event or all-cause mortality after adjustment for 71 pre-exposure characteristics through propensity score fine-stratification weighting. All analyses of initiator and switcher cohorts were conducted separately and then combined using fixed effects. Results 51 208 patients with a mean age of 76 years were included, with 16 193 in the ARNI group. Adjusted HRs comparing ARNI with RAS blockade alone were 0.92 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.00) among initiators and 0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.85) among switchers, with a combined estimate of 0.84 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.89). Adjusted 1-year RMST difference (95% CI) was 4 days in the initiator cohort (−1 to 9) and 12 days (8 to 17) in the switcher cohort, resulting in a pooled estimate of 9 days (6 to 12) favouring ARNI. Conclusion ARNI treatment was associated with lower risk of a composite effectiveness endpoint compared with RAS blockade alone in older adults with HFrEF.
Dynamic optical filters via mechanical reconfiguration of liquid crystalline materials

Electrochromic devices have found widespread use in automotive, aerospace, and architectural implementations. This talk will detail our recent research of liquid crystalline compositions in which the selective reflection can be tuned, broadened, and switched. This distinctive electro-optic control is enabled by polymer stabilization of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase. Enabled by recent advancements in the preparation of liquid crystalline elastomers, we also detail the thermal and electrical adjustment of reflection in fully solid optical elements.