cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Al/Poly Si specific contact resistivity

Experimental results on the specific contact resistivity of Al/polysilicon are given for Al/1.5-percent Si contacting poly Si implanted with boron or phosphorus, annealed to surface concentrations from 3E18 to 4E20 cm-3. Specific contact resistivities of the interfaces involved were determined using an extrapolation method. Measurements were taken at room temperature, and were conducted both before and after an anneal cycle of 20 min at 450°C in forming gas. Results provide a useful parameter which enables modeling of Al/poly Si contacts.
The idea of history and the history of ideas.

Professional nurses understand that the historian's task is to inquire into the issues and ideas of nursing's past, but may not comprehend the nature and methods of historical research. Although historical research is similar to other qualitative methods, the results are usually presented in the form of "story." The story, called the historical narrative, is intended to enlighten the reader but it may disguise the historian's method and mislead the reader into thinking that historical method is either non-existent, simple or non-important. The purpose of this article is to begin a dialogue which will negate the myths that historical method is neither rigorous nor significant and to encourage other nurse historians into articulating, sharing and teaching others "how historians think."
Cytofluorographic evidence that thymocyte dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD26) activity is altered with stage of ontogeny and apoptotic status

CD26 is a multifunctional molecule implied to have a variety of roles in the immune response including its activity as a membrane exopeptidase (Dipeptidyl peptidase IV) which cleaves several protein molecules. In order to further define the expression and functional activity of CD26 in the developing thymus, we utilized a nondisruptive, cytofluorogenic assay which allowed simultaneous measurement of DPP IV activity with a fluorochrome-conjugated peptide substrate and surface staining of the T lymphocyte lineage antigens CD4 and CD8. Neonatal and adult murine thymi were examined using the three-color assay and significant differences in DPP IV activity were found among the thymocyte subsets defined by their CD4/CD8 phenotype. Single-positive cells bore higher activity than CD4-/CD8- cells and neonates had higher activity than adults. Thymocytes with characteristics consistent with apoptotic cells expressed higher DPP IV activity. Thus, DPP IV appears to be upregulated both as thymocytes mature and among thymocytes which are undergoing programmed cell death. These results suggest that CD26 is ontogenically controlled during T cell maturation and may play a role in thymic deletion of emerging clones.
Incremental Digital Volume Correlation for Large Deformation Measurement of PMI Foam in Compression

We implemented an incremental digital volume correlation (DVC) technique for large nonlinear deformation measurements, and apply the technique for cell deformations in a closed-cell polymethacrylimide (PMI). The DVC technique previously reported in literature has used the natural state as the reference image to calculate all stages of deformation. It does not converge when large nonlinear deformations are involved, as in the case of PMI foam in compression. In this paper, we implemented an incremental DVC technique by updating the reference volume image at the last former stage, in order to achieve the correlation. The incremental DVC technique is verified using simulated rotation test. An unconfined uniaxial compression experiment on a PMI foam was conducted and in-situ microtomography was acquired. The microstructural evolution of the PMI foam was captured during compression; the displacement fields are obtained using the incremental DVC method. The incremental DVC technique can be used to evaluate the microstructural evolution of materials under large nonlinear deformations on images obtained from different 3D imaging techniques, including those from x-ray, laser, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, and neutron sources.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Corticotropin-releasing factor testing reveals a dose-dependent difference in methadone maintained vs control subjects.

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Testing Reveals a Dose-Dependent Difference in Methadone Maintained Vs Control Subjects
Materials Limitations Of The Microchannel Spatial Light Modulator

The fundamental operating characteristics and materials limitations of the optically addressed microchannel spatial light modulator (MSLM) are discussed. The role of secondary electron emission in the operation of the device is stressed and some of the write, cycling and readout modes and their limitations are described. In addition, the limitations of the inherent space-domain image-processing operations of the device are discussed.
HPr: a model protein.

Histidine-containing protein (HPr) is a central component of the bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). This brief review covers recent structure–function studies on the active center of this protein: the role of the active center residues in phosphotransfer; the residues contributing to the phosphohydrolysis properties of HPr; and the contribution residues in HPr make to the pKa of the transiently phosphorylated active-site residue, His 15. As well, the potential for HPr to be used as a model protein for studying problems not directly associated with its function in the PTS is discussed.Key words: phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system, histidine-containing protein, active center, structure–function, model protein.
A forward-genetic screen and dynamic analysis of lambda phage host-dependencies reveals an extensive interaction network and a new anti-viral strategy.

Latently infecting viruses are an important class of virus that plays a key role in viral evolution and human health. Here we report a genome-scale forward-genetics screen for host-dependencies of the latently-infecting bacteriophage lambda. This screen identified 57 Escherichia coli (E. coli) genes—over half of which have not been previously associated with infection—that when knocked out inhibited lambda phage's ability to replicate. Our results demonstrate a highly integrated network between lambda and its host, in striking contrast to the results from a similar screen using the lytic-only infecting T7 virus. We then measured the growth of E. coli under normal and infected conditions, using wild-type and knockout strains deficient in one of the identified host genes, and found that genes from the same pathway often exhibited similar growth dynamics. This observation, combined with further computational and experimental analysis, led us to identify a previously unannotated gene, yneJ, as a novel regulator of lamB gene expression. A surprising result of this work was the identification of two highly conserved pathways involved in tRNA thiolation—one pathway is required for efficient lambda replication, while the other has anti-viral properties inhibiting lambda replication. Based on our data, it appears that 2-thiouridine modification of tRNAGlu, tRNAGln, and tRNALys is particularly important for the efficient production of infectious lambda phage particles.
Comparative effectiveness of benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin in acne vulgaris.

A controlled, randomized clinical study comparing different commercially available benzoly peroxide gels and tretinoin cream was undertaken by four investigators using similar protocols and case report forms. Results were based on lesion-count reduction over an 8-week period. No significant difference in reduction of total acne lesions was detected between the benzoyl peroxide gels and tretinoin cream. However, benzoyl peroxide was significantly better (P less than .02) in reduction of papules and as good as tretinoin in reduction of comedones. Results of this study suggest that excessive drying and peeling are not essential in the reduction of acne lesions.
Tracheotomy in the unprotected airway.

Purpose Although rare, there are many circumstances in which a secure airway is needed urgently. A newly developed technique is presented for quick and efficient performance of this procedure. Patients and Methods All patients who had tracheotomies performed at a tertiary referral center from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2008, were found by querying the admission database. Three hundred twenty-seven separate procedures performed in 325 patients were identified. Urgent tracheotomies were distinguished from elective and emergent tracheotomies by reading operative reports and excluding elective and emergent procedures. Elective procedures were defined as performed in patients with a secure airway (with an endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway). Urgent tracheotomies were defined as having an intact, unprotected airway. Emergent procedures were performed in a patient with complete airway obstruction. Results Twenty instances of urgent, awake tracheotomies were found in 19 patients, resulting in an incidence of 20 of 327 tracheotomies (6.1%) in 19 of 325 patients (5.8%). Conclusions Tracheotomy is an alternative to cricothyroidotomy as a surgical airway in patients with deteriorating respiratory status who cannot be safely intubated by nonsurgical means.
Reliability of reactor components and systems subject to fatigue and creep

Abstract The operation of nuclear reactors at elevated temperatures involving pressure- and temperature-cycling as well as corrosion and irradiation is associated with the gradual deterioration of the mechanical resistance of their critical components. The rate of deterioration depends not only on the intensity of the loading conditions and the level of the operating variables, but is sensitive to their sequence and interaction. The lack independence that is reflected by the development, under operating conditions, of creep and inelastic cyclic strain, as well by the deterioration of the strength properties accompanying such deformation (creep rupture, fatigue), introduces additional potential failure modes or conditions, consideration of which, in the reliability analysis, shifts the emphasis of this analysis from the catastrophic limiting states of failure under remote extremal conditions, of recurrence periods that are large multiples of the design (service) life of the structural element or system, to states of significant structural failure that seriously affect the operability of the reactor but are repairable, as well as to conditions of relatively minor structural failure of reactor elements during operation that are critical because they might lead to escape of contaminating fission products. After basic consideration of the formulation of structural reliability analysis and risk assessment for major structural failures in nuclear reactor plant systems, a review of the problems of design for creep and fatigue — with interaction between creep and fatigue effects — under reactor operational conditions is given.
The carbonic anhydrase isoforms of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: intracellular location, expression, and physiological roles

Aquatic photosynthetic organisms, such as the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, respond to low CO2 conditions by inducing a CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM). Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are important components of the CCM. CAs are zinc-containing metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible interconversion of CO2 and HCO3 −. In C. reinhardtii, there are at least 12 genes that encode CA isoforms, including three alpha, six beta, and three gamma or gamma-like CAs. The expression of the three alpha and six beta genes has been measured from cells grown on elevated CO2 (having no active CCM) versus cells growing on low levels of CO2 (with an active CCM) using northern blots, differential hybridization to DNA chips and quantitative RT-PCR. Recent RNA-seq profiles add to our knowledge of the expression of all of the CA genes. In addition, protein content for some of the CA isoforms was estimated using antibodies corresponding to the specific CA isoforms: CAH1/2, CAH3, CAH4/5, CAH6, and CAH7. The intracellular location of each of the CA isoforms was elucidated using immunolocalization and cell fractionation techniques. Combining these results with previous studies using CA mutant strains, we will discuss possible physiological roles of the CA isoforms concentrating on how these CAs might contribute to the acquisition and retention of CO2 in C. reinhardtii.
Emotional and cognitive consequences of adult attachment: The mediating effect of the self

The present study examined the relations between adult attachment orientations and both emotional intelligence and cognitive fragmentation. Authentic self, which refers to a genuine sense of the self, was proposed as a mediator of such relations. One hundred and fifteen undergraduate students participated in the study. Applying Structural Equation Modeling, the results showed that degree of authentic self mediated the relations between attachment dimensions and either emotional intelligence or cognitive fragmentation. Specifically, a higher score on the secure attachment dimension was associated with a greater degree of authentic self, which in turn, was associated with greater levels of emotional intelligence and having fewer fragmented cognitive concepts about the self and romantic relationships. On the other hand, a higher score on the anxious-ambivalent attachment dimension was associated with lower degree of authentic self, which in turn, was associated with a lower level of emotional intelligence and having more fragmented cognitive concepts about the self and romantic relationships. Findings highlight the importance of the self for clearly understanding how the internal working models of attachment are manifested emotionally and cognitively.
Effects of the allosteric modulator SCH-202676 on adenosine and P2Y receptors

The G protein-coupled receptor allosteric modulator SCH-202676 (N-(2,3-diphenyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-(2H)-ylidene)methanamine), which affects a wide range of structurally unrelated G protein-coupled receptors, has highly divergent effects on purine receptors. SCH-202676 inhibited radioligand binding to human adenosine A(1), A(2A), and A(3) receptors (IC(50) = 0.5-0.8 microM) and affected dissociation kinetics, but at the human P2Y(1) nucleotide receptor it had no effect. SCH-202676 (10 microM) selectively accelerated agonist dissociation at adenosine A(3) receptors and either slowed (adenosine A(1) receptors) or accelerated (adenosine A(2A) receptors) antagonist dissociation. Thus, SCH-202676 differentially modulated A(1), A(2A), and A(3) receptors as well as agonist- and antagonist-occupied receptors.
The dialectical uses of ideal-types

1. For a number o1 years now, dating at least from the social upheaval and turmoil of the 1960's, American sociology has been experiencing a revival of sorts in the increasingly widespread recognition of the need for rigorous and critically-informed evaluations of prevailing social arrangements. The rapid growth of the sociology of sociology and the renewal and expansion of the muckraking tradition in the guise of radical sociology are clear reflections of this revived concern with analyzing and eradicating social injustices. While both of these developments have done much to undermine the value-free presumptions of conventional sociology, they have contributed little to indeed, it may be argued that they have impeded - the formation of a critical sociology. The sociology of sociology, by demonstrating the inevitable connection between values and sociological research, justifies the explicit valueladen posture assumed by radical sociologists, but the justification it provides does not go far enough. Except for a vague commitment to the idea of moral culpability and a better society, this justification neglects to specify which values should be used in conjunction with empirical investigation. The relativism embedded in value-free sociology is sustained in the "paradigms" and "domain assumptions" of radical sociology. In the absence of a generally acceptable set of evaluative principles, what currently passes for critical sociology is in fact a loose connection of critical sociologies. Both the liberating tendencies contained in society and the most adeauate means for actualizing these tendencies are assessed in terms of a variety of normative prescriptions - some based on the position of the working class, old and new, others on the interests of women or blacks, and still others derived from the tenets of philosophical humanism or natural law doctrine. Personal preference appears to be the major factor determining which of these somewhat incongruent sets of normative standards ultimately informs a particular analysis.
Representations and cohomology for Frobenius–Lusztig kernels

Abstract Let U ζ be the quantum group (Lusztig form) associated to the simple Lie algebra g , with parameter ζ specialized to an l -th root of unity in a field of characteristic p > 0 . In this paper we study certain finite-dimensional normal Hopf subalgebras U ζ ( G r ) of U ζ , called Frobenius–Lusztig kernels, which generalize the Frobenius kernels G r of an algebraic group G . When r = 0 , the algebras studied here reduce to the small quantum group introduced by Lusztig. We classify the irreducible U ζ ( G r ) -modules and discuss their characters. We then study the cohomology rings for the Frobenius–Lusztig kernels and for certain nilpotent and Borel subalgebras corresponding to unipotent and Borel subgroups of G . We prove that the cohomology ring for the first Frobenius–Lusztig kernel is finitely-generated when g has type A or D , and that the cohomology rings for the nilpotent and Borel subalgebras are finitely-generated in general.
Novel Internal Controls For Real-Time PCR Assays

In the 19 years since the first descriptions of the PCR (1), nucleic acid amplification methods have made the transition from research to clinical laboratories. Molecular diagnostics are now firmly established as part of laboratory medicine, with applications in genetics, oncology, pharmacology, and infectious disease. Routine diagnostic applications of these methods have been made possible by the thoughtful use of controls coupled with laboratory practices intended to reduce false-positive and -negative results (2)(3)(4). Nucleic acid amplification assays are prone to inhibition by a variety of substances found in clinical samples. Although the identities and biochemical mechanisms of action of many inhibitors remain unclear, bile salts and complex polysaccharides in feces (5), heme in blood (6), and urea in urine(7) have all been shown to inhibit PCR, probably through interference with the binding and/or polymerization activity of DNA polymerases. Carryover of reagents used for isolation of nucleic acids from clinical specimens can also inhibit amplification reactions. Other causes of false-negative results include target nucleic acid degradation, sample processing errors, thermal cycler malfunction, and in reverse transcription-PCR, failure of the reverse transcription step. A simple approach to detect inhibitors is to add the target nucleic acid to a separate aliquot of the sample after processing. Addition of the external control to a separate reaction, however, doubles the cost of the assay, and the approach may be unworkable if batch sizes are large. Moreover, addition of the control after sample processing is complete cannot detect sporadic …
The safety and efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in patients undergoing primary endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial†

Background: Ketorolac (KT) is an intravenous (IV) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for acute, moderate pain. KT is safe, but may be linked to increased risk of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. The safety and efficacy of KT following primary endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is unknown. Methods: All patients underwent primary ESS and septoplasty. Patients randomly received either IVKT 30 mg or IV fentanyl (IVF) 25 μg postprocedure. Postoperative pain was recorded at 0, 30, and 60 minutes via visual analog scale (VAS), and patients received as needed fentanyl and hydrocodone/acetaminophen for additional pain. Postoperative bleeding questionnaires were completed on postoperative days 1 and 7 (POD 1 and POD 7). Preoperative and POD 7 hemoglobin was assessed. Results: A total of 34 patients enrolled in the study over 1 year. Sixteen patients received IVKT and 18 patients received IVF. The average time of administration was 23 ± 6 minutes postprocedure. There were no significant differences in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels between groups and bleeding assessments. There were no incidences of postoperative hemorrhage. There was no significant difference in pain VAS between the IVKT and IVF groups (3.5, 3.2, 2.1 vs 3.0, 4.4, 3.8 at 0, 30, and 60 minutes, respectively). There was no significant difference between the number of doses of supplemental analgesics for the IVKT and IVF groups (2.0 vs 3.4 doses IV; 1.0 vs 1.4 doses orally, respectively). Conclusion: In this study, IVKT was a safe analgesic in the setting of primary ESS. There was no increased risk of hemorrhage or acute blood-loss anemia. IVKT did not appear to offer statistically significant pain control over IVF. © 2012 ARS-AAOA, LLC.
The role of the PCM in reducing oxidative stress induced by radical initiated photoencapsulation of chondrocytes in poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels.

Summary Objective The objectives for this study were to determine whether radical initiated photopolymerizations typically employed for cell encapsulations lead to oxidative stress incurred by chondrocytes and whether the development of a pericellular matrix (PCM) decreases this oxidative stress and has longer-term benefits on chondrocyte function. Methods Freshly isolated bovine chondrocytes were encapsulated in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels devoid of a PCM or with a PCM, confirmed by immunocytochemistry (IC), and cultured for up to 2 weeks. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and damage to cell membrane by lipid peroxidation were accomplished using carboxy-2,7-difluorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (carboxy-H 2 DFFDA) and by malondialdehyde (MDA) content, respectively. Gene expression and proteoglycan synthesis were analyzed using reverse transcription (RT)-quantitative PCR (qPCR) and 35 SO 4 incorporation, respectively. Results The photopolymerization reaction, which alone generates radicals and extracellular ROS, led to oxidative stress in chondrocytes evidenced by increased intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation. The presence of a PCM decreased intracellular ROS and abrogated membrane lipid peroxidation, improved aggrecan, collagen II and collagen VI expression, and enhanced proteoglycan synthesis. Conclusions The development of the PCM prior to photoencapsulation in PEG hydrogels reduces oxidative stress and improves chondrocyte anabolic activity. Our data suggest this reduction occurs by decreased ROS diffusion into the cell and decreased membrane damage. Our findings suggest that minimizing oxidative stress, such as through the presence of a PCM, may have long-term beneficial effects on tissue elaboration when employing photopolymerizations to encapsulate chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications.
This is Heaven's waiting room: end of life in one nursing home.

The purpose of this study was to describe the end of life in one midwestern nursing home from the perspective of residents who are chronically ill and declining, their family caregivers, and staff. Qualitative methods, including formal and informal interviews, participant observation, and health record abstraction, were used to describe the end of life for 13 nursing home residents. One dominating pattern, conflict, and five themes (i.e., communication, quality of life, staff education, teamwork, work environment) emerged as factors that influenced end-of-life care. The results of this study illustrate where and how problems within the nursing home industry, the participating nursing home, and between staff and residents influence and challenge care provided to dying residents.
The time dependent correlation function of an impenetrable Bose gas as a Fredholm minor. I

We study the two field correlator of an Impenetrable Bose gas. Lenard [1] proved that the equal time correlator can be represented as a Fredholm minor. We generalize this representation to the time dependent correlator.
Deconvoluting the effects of P-glycoprotein on intestinal CYP3A: a major challenge

Metabolism by cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux are two important biochemical barriers to drug absorption from the intestine. CYP3A, the most important family of drug-metabolizing enzymes, shares many substrates with the efflux transporter P-gp. Although the individual impact of these two systems on drug disposition is routinely assessed, the effect of both systems acting together during intestinal absorption is difficult to ascertain. Pharmacokinetic theory predicts that the effect of efflux on overall metabolism depends on substrate concentrations relative to the respective kinetic parameters of these processes (i.e. affinities for transport and metabolism, as well as the capacities of these processes). Researchers have published conflicting findings on how efflux affects metabolism. Furthermore, the in vitro parameters that have been used to explain or predict this interation are more relevant for describing overall changes in extraction efficiency of the system (intestinal epithelium), rather than deconvoluting the effect of P-gp on CYP3A-mediated metabolism. Developing a more refined way to understand this interplay and its potential relevance to drug absorption is an important goal, as a large proportion of marketed drugs and many modern drug discovery candidates are known to be affected by one or both of these proteins.
Dynamics of an Introduced and Unexploited Lake Whitefish Population in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho

AbstractTo evaluate biological potential of a commercial fishery for an unexploited Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis population in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho, we estimated population parameters related to production and yield. The length frequency based on trap-netting in autumn 2005 was normal with a mean of 448 mm TL, whereas the length frequency based on gillnetting in spring 2006 was bimodal with a mean of 390 mm TL. Sex composition was skewed toward females (0.66) during autumn trap-netting. Shape parameters β of weight–length models for females (β = 3.38) and males (β = 3.45) were similar to those of other unexploited populations. Instantaneous growth rates K for females (K = 0.144 per year) and males (K = 0.153 per year) were among the lowest for unexploited populations across the species’ range. Age at 50% maturity (females: 6.5 years; males: 6.0 years) and length at 50% maturity (females: 390 mm TL; males: 378 mm TL) were high for unexploited populations. The natural mortality rate M (0.149 pe...
Effects of 3,4-Dimethoxyphenylethylamine in Man

FOUR laboratories have reported finding 3,4-dimethoxy-phenylethylamine (DMPEA) in the urine of schizophrenic patients1–4. Evidence for its occurrence in some patients with this disorder seems well established despite a single negative report5. As the compound is quite closely related chemically to mescaline, the latter possessing an additional methoxy-group in the 5-position, it is conceivable that DMPEA might have similar activity in humans.
Energetics of Reproduction in Large-Littered Cotton Rats (Sigmodon Hispidus)

Energy costs of reproduction were measured in the laboratory for individual large- littered (x = 7.0) cotton rats, Sigmodon hispidus, from Kansas, and less extensively for individual small-littered (x = 4.7) cotton rats from Texas. These estimates were compared with previously studied small-littered (x = 5.0) S. hispidus from Tennessee. Reproductive Kansas S. hispidus (KSh) increased ingestion above nonreproductive rates by 19% during pregnancy and 111% during lactation. This represents extra ingestion of 766 kJ during 26 d of pregnancy and 2111 kJ during 12 d of lactation. Extra ingestion throughout reproduction was depen- dent on litter size. Total extra ingestion cost per 12-d-old KSh offspring was 415 kJ, a constant unaffected by litter size. Digestive efficiency of KSh rats fed a commercial standard lab chow was 85% and did not change as a result of pregnancy and lactation. Metabolic rate of reproductive KSh rats was not significantly different from that of nonreproductive rats. The average body mass of KSh females on the day of conception was 175 g, vs. 169 g at the end of 12 d of lactation, a loss of 6 g. This loss of body mass during reproduction increased with increasing litter size: KSh females giving birth to litters of eight to ten young lost an average of 19 g below conception mass, while females giving birth to five to seven young gained an average of I g. KSh young averaged 6.8 g at birth and 21.7 g at 12 d of age. Reproductive Texas S. hispidus (HSh) increased ingestion over nonreproductive rates by 22% during pregnancy and 70% during lactation. This represents extra ingestion of 854 kJ during pregnancy and 1161 kJ during lactation. Total extra ingestion cost per 12-d-old offspring was 434 kJ for HSh litters. The average body mass of females on the day of conception was 134 g and, at the end of 12 d of lactation, averaged 138 g. HSh young averaged 6.7 g at birth and 18.2 g at 12 d of age. Kansas cotton rats produced relatively large litters and large individual young primarily by mark- edly increasing ingestion and drawing upon maternal storage during lactation. Both of these responses were probably facilitated by the KSh female's large body size. These results and comparisons among similarly studied species suggest the importance of the common constraints and correlated responses associated with changes in body size and litter size when considering energy utilization during repro- duction.
A new investment strategy based on data mining and Neural Networks

In this paper, we present a new investment strategy for optimal gains on investments in the stock market. Neural Network (NN)-based framework is used for trading prediction and forecasting. To this end, statistical measures based on return and volatility are used to filter out low performing sectors in the stock market. A simple but effective method based on price Simple Moving Averages (SMAs) is used to measure volatility for a given stock. The proposed NN-based system uses the strongest performing indices for stock market forecasting. In addition to predicting investment decisions such as Buy or Sell, the proposed framework also aims at maximizing investment gains (or returns). The proposed NN-based framework rely on historical data and provides investors investing strategies for optimal trading. Training data is extracted extracted from historical weekly data (from the Yahoo Finance). Simulation results indicate that the proposed framework can help investors making investment decisions and increasing their trading profitability.
Longitudinal studies of the duplication form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth polyneuropathy

This study presents a longitudinal comparison of motor nerve conduction velocities (MCVs) in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A with proven duplication of a segment of chromosome 17p11.2p12. Results were compared for 8 CMT1A duplication patients from one family whose MCV measurements were taken 22 years apart (1967 and 1989). Measurements from a total of seven median motor and five peroneal motor MCVs were compared. Median MCVs showed a slight reduction that averaged 2.2 m/s, and peroneal MCVs showed an average decrease of 3.0 m/s. In addition, mild objective increase in limb weakness was seen in only 1 of 8 patients and subjective symptoms of gradual worsening of leg strength were noted in half the patients over the same period. In this study of a small group of CMT1A patients with proven segmental duplication of chromosome 17p11.2p12, the motor conduction velocities and clinical motor exam did not change significantly over 22 years.
Slow viscous motion of a sphere parallel to a plane wall—II Couette flow

Abstract Using bipolar co-ordinates, an exact solution of Stokes equations is obtained for the translational and rotational velocities of a neutrally buoyant sphere moving in proximity to a single plane wall under the influence of a simple shearing flow. The solution, valid for small shear Reynolds numbers, applies for all ratios of sphere radius to distance of its center from the wall. This formal solution is supplemented by two asymptotic solutions: (i) a lubrication-theory-like approximation applicable to the case where the sphere is very near to the wall; (ii) a “method of reflections” approximation, valid for the opposite case. Agreement with limited experimental data currently available in the literature is shown to be good, though the question of the true, limiting behavior of a sphere “touching” a wall remains unresolved.
Battered women: Implications for social control

This paper examines battered women as a systemic problem of social control, involving three structural phases: structure, deconstruction and reconstruction. At the first phase, woman battering occurs in a context of dependency, including economic, social, political, and emotional subordination that maintains the traditional, male-centered family structure. During phase two, or deconstruction, broad societal changes, including the feminist movement, contributes to altered gender definitions and the emergence of a battered women's movement and practice. During this phase feminists served as the chief reform catalyst, introducing protective legislation, educating the public and organizing women's shelters. Phase three, reconstruction, entails the state's direct involvement in the violent relationship in a series of coercive netwidening actions, including arrest of the offender, forcible separation of the couple, and formal sentencing. On the one hand, state intervention substantially reduces the incidence of violence against women in the home. On the other hand, the power of arrest and detention extends state power into new spheres, as the state exploits social problems and weakened social structures in line with its expanding control agenda. Overbureaucratization during this phase also affects feminist practice, as shelters increasingly take on a social provision, sometimes anti-feminist, orientation that further constrains who can be served. The paper raises questions about the extent to which the reconstruction phase, operating in the interests of dominant groups, contributes to the revictimization of battered women.
Analysis of amino acid phenylthiohydantoins by high speed liquid chromatography

Summary A high speed liquid chromatography (HSLC) method has been developed which permits the analysis of all the PTH amino acids in the subnanomolar range on a single column in about 30 min. Although resolution of some derivatives is not entirely satisfactory at this stage of development the HSLC method appears to be well-suited for the analysis of multiple samples produced by the automated protein sequencer particularly when used in conjunction with the gas chromatographic procedure.
Ribosomal proteins L1, L17 and L27 from Escherichia coli localized at single sites on the large subunit by immune electron microscopy.

Three-dimensional locations have been determined for Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins L1, L17 and L27 by immune electron microscopy using antibodies directed against these proteins. From the positions of immunoglobulin G attachment, observed in two characteristic projections, it was determined that these three proteins are located at single sites in different regions on the surface of the large subunit. In the quasisymmetric projection, L1 maps on the side opposite the “L7L12 stalk,” named the L1 ridge; protein L17 maps at the base of the subunit opposite the “central protuberance” (toward the L7L12 side of the subunit); and protein L27 is found on the central protuberance (on the side distal to the L7L12 stalk). In the asymmetric projection, proteins L1 and L27 are found on the surface of the subunit contracting the small subunit and protein L17 is on the surface of the subunit distal to the small subunit; i.e. on the cytoplasmic surface of the large subunit. Antibody binding at all three sites was eliminated when the immunoglobulin G molecules were preabsorbed with their specific proteins.
Is It Time To Upgrade My Credentials

I am a clinical nurse specialist with a master's degree in critical care obstetrics. Available roles for advanced practice nurses in perinatal care are expanding to including perinatal clinical nurse specialists, perinatal nurse practitioners, and others. Would you explain the different advanced practice roles and the educational background required for each?
Particle eddy diffusivities and deposition velocities for isothermal flow and smooth surfaces

Abstract The turbulent deposition of aerosol particles from an air stream on to a surface is one means by which airborne particulates are removed from the polluted atmosphere. Aerosol particles will deposit on a surface due to the action of the turbulent air motion of the carrying stream. The rate of turbulent deposition can be significantly greater than the deposition rates due to effects of gravity, Brownian motion, electrical charge, diffusiophoresis, and thermophoresis. In each case, the turbulent air eddies impart a directed motion to the particles. In the present paper the combined effect on particle motion of eddy diffusion and particle inertia is described by an “effective” eddy diffusion coefficient, ṫ, directed toward the surface. Of principal concern is the evaluation of this eddy diffusion coefficient in the region very close to a surface in which the turbulence scale and intensity decrease rapidly as the surface surface is approached. These eddy diffusion coefficients are predicted from particle deposition velocity measurements through the use of a model which describes particle deposition in terms of eddy diffusion, Brownian diffusion, and the terminal settling velocity. Experimentally, particle deposition has been determined separately for both the ceiling and floor of a wind tunnel surface. These are the first data that permit reasonable estimates of the effect of gravity on the particle diffusivity.
Fully vectorizable block preconditionings with approximate inverses for non‐symmetric systems of equations

We used a conjugate gradient type method, with preconditioning, to solve the sparse linear systems arising from the discretization of PDEs. With such methods, the main obstacles for complete vectorization have been the preconditioning calculation and its application step within the iteration: for the matrices obtained using 5- or 9-point discretization operators, some well known existing preconditionings (like ILU) require a block-recursive procedure which prevents vectorization. Preconditioners based on nested incomplete factorization, which require the calculation of approximate inverses of tridiagonal matrices, allow complete vectorization of the application step. We present a formulation of such a preconditioning, using a Frobenius norm minimization to calculate the inverses, which also allows complete vectorization of the inverses' calculation, thus making the iterative solver completely vectorizable. Numerical experiments show that the method is robust over a range of symmetric and non-symmetric problems, and up to 4 times faster than other existing methods, such as ILU, depending on the computer and compiler being used. We also show the importance of diagonal scaling used in conjunction with other preconditionings and present some theoretical results concerning the approximate inverses of tridiagonal matrices, calculated using the Frobenius norm minimization.
The password allocation problem: strategies for reusing passwords effectively

Each Internet user has, on average, 25 password-protected accounts, but only 6.5 distinct passwords[webhabits]. Despite the advice of security experts, users are obviously re-using passwords across multiple sites. So this paper asks the question: given that users are going to re-use passwords across multiple sites, how should they best allocate those passwords to sites so as to minimize their losses from accidental password disclosures?We provide both theoretical and practical results. First, we provide a mathematical formulation of the Password Allocation (PA) problem and show that it is NP-complete with a reduction via the 3-Partition problem. We then study several special cases and show that the optimal solution is often a contiguous allocation -- i.e., similar accounts share passwords. Next, we evaluate several human- and machine-computable heuristics that have very good performance and produce solutions that are reasonably close to optimal. We find that the human-computable heuristics do not perform nearly as well as the machine-computable heuristics, however, they provide a useful and easy to follow set of guidelines for re-using passwords.
Inhibition of subtilisin by boronic acids, potential analogs of tetrahedral reaction intermediates.

The subtilisin Carlsberg-catalyzed hydrolysis of N -acetyl- l -tyrosine ethyl ester is competitively inhibited by 2-phenylethaneboronic acid, benzeneboronic acid, and methaneboronic acid as well as by hydrocinnamamide, benzamide, 2-phenylethanesulfonic acid, and benzenesulfonic acid. The dissociation constants ( K i ) of the enzyme-inhibitor complexes have been determined as a function of pH over the pH range 6.25–8.70. 2-Phenylethaneboronic and benzeneboronic acids bind most tightly to the form of subtilisin in which the histidine-64 residue at the active site exists as the free base ( K i ⋍2.6 and 0.8m m , respectively, at pH 8). 2-Phenylethanesulfonate and benzenesulfonate bind most tightly to the form of the enzyme in which histidine-64 is protonate ( K i =0.34 and 0.42 m , respectively, at pH 8) while the state of ionization of the imidazole does not appreciably affect the binding of either hydrocinnamamide ( K i =about 0.15 m ), benzamide ( K i =about 0.12 m ), or methaneboronic acid ( K i =about 0.20 m ) between pH 6 and 9. These observations are consistent with the present theory of the mechanism of action of subtilisin, the crystal structure studies of subtilisin, and the reported effect of 2-phenylethaneboronic acid on chymotrypsin, and suggest a possible structure for the boronic acid-enzyme complex. A negatively charged tetrahedral adduct between the boronic acid and serine-221 of subtilisin could be considered an analog of the metastable tetrahedral reaction intermediates for the acylation and deacylation which occur during subtilisin-catalyzed hydrolysis.
15 N magnetic resonance spectroscopy—XI. Nitrogen-proton spin-spin coupling as source of proton resonance line broadening in amino acids

The geminal ^(15)N—H coupling constant in some amino acids was found to increase with pH and this increase can account for the reported broadening of the α proton resonances of the corresponding ^(14)N amino acids with increasing pH.
Bis(N-methyl-N-phenyl-carbamo-yl)disulfane.

The title compound, C16H16N2O2S2, has been synthesized by several different high-yield routes, and has been encountered as a co-product in a number of reaction pathways, ever since it became of inter­est to our research program over 30 years ago. We now confirm the proposed mol­ecular structure in which the mol­ecule exhibits a twofold axis of symmetry through the mid-point of the S—S bond and the two planes defined by the (carbamo­yl)sulfenyl moieties are essentially perpendicular to each other [dihedral angle = 81.55 (14)°].
Crossing the Rabbit Hole Autoethnographic Life Review

This series of autoethnographic narratives addresses vulnerability and reflexivity in coping with loss. The stories took place during two months of summer 2011 at a log cabin in the North Carolina mountains where the author spends her summers with her partner and two dogs. Representative of the kinds of losses that regularly happen to all of us, these stories are extraordinary only to those who must live and manage them. The author concludes with a consideration of autoethnographic writing as a form of continual life review. Unlike traditional oral life reviews, the narratives told here are written and revised literary accounts that focus on particular events of daily living in the near rather than remote past. They offer a way to incorporate loss into the whole of life and contemplate a future, rather than a focus on the past in preparation for one’s death.
Structural Geology of the Sierra de la Gavia, Coahuila, Mexico

Sierra de la Gavia, in east-central Coahuila, Mexico, is one of a number of northwesterly aligned, mountain-forming anticlinal structures which constitute part of the Coahuila Marginal Folded province of northeastern Mexico. This province, an uplifted segment of the southwestern limb of the Rio Grande Embayment, lies north and east of the folds of the Sierra Madre Oriental. It includes several geologic elements: the Parras and Sabinas Basins, the paleogeographic Coahuila and Tamaulipas Peninsulas, and fold belts east of the Coahuila Platform and north of the Tamaulipas Arch. The fold, roughly 60 miles in length, rises abruptly out of bolson plains which border its northeast and southwest flanks. Lower-Upper Cretaceous-Quaternary rocks exposed within the Sierra include several thousand feet of detrital and chemico-detrital sedimentary rocks. Lower Cretaceous formations (Barril Viejo, Patula, La Mula, Taraises-Cupido, La Pena, Aurora-Cuesta del Cura), which are more than 7000 feet thick, form the major part of the mountain mass. Upper Cretaceous rocks (Indidura) and alluvial debris, together more than 500 feet thick, constitute minor mappable units. Younger Cretaceous units (Parras, Difunta), largely obscured by alluvium, form flanking outcrops, and generally occupy synclinal areas between Gavia and adjacent structural highs. In gross aspect, the axis of the structure is doubly inclined, striking generally northwest-southeast and plunging in both these directions. Areal mapping, however, discloses the presence of five separate areas of closure. Inclinations of the axial plane vary markedly along strike. Large-scale drag folding modifies both northeast and southwest limbs of the structure in certain areas. Minor en echelon normal (?) faults, thought to be shear fractures, occur at the structural culmination of the fold. It is suggested that Sierra de la Gavia and similarly aligned structures in the Coahuila Marginal Folded province owe their origin initially to movement of recurrent nature occurring along a suggested wrench fault of regional magnitude—a fault expressed at the surface in the abrupt change in strike and character of the frontal folds of the Sierra Madre Oriental between Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, and Torreon, Coahuila. Local northeast overturning on the southwest flank of Gavia, near its northwest end, is thought to be a surface reflection of the buttressing mass of the northeast edge of the Coahuila Peninsula.