cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The potential of social media for luxury brand management

Purpose – Driven by functional theories of attitude and addressing the emerging themes of luxury brands and social media, the purpose of this paper is to explore the marketing potential of social media for luxury brand management.Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted to prompt participants to explore Louis Vuitton's Facebook page and complete a questionnaire designed to measure their satisfaction with the luxury brand's Facebook page and various endogenous variables.Findings – Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses uncovered dynamic relationships among consumers’ perceptions of value‐expressive and social‐adjustive functions of luxury brands, satisfaction with a luxury brand's (Louis Vuitton) Facebook page, attitudes toward the brand, intentions to utilize the brand's social media (Facebook and Twitter) for online shopping, and intentions to research online and purchase offline (ROPO).Originality/value – This paper marks an exploratory step toward our understanding of the dynamic roles...
A time-space tradeoff for Boolean matrix multiplication

A time-space tradeoff is established in the branching program model for the problem of computing the product of two n*n matrices over a certain semiring. It is assumed that each element of each n*n input matrix is chosen independently to be 1 with probability n/sup -1/2/ and to be 0 with probability 1-n/sup -1/2/. Letting S and T denote expected space and time of a deterministic algorithm, the tradeoff is ST= Omega (n/sup 3.5/) for T 0. The lower bounds are matched to within a logarithmic factor by upper bounds in the branching program model. Thus, the tradeoff possesses a sharp break at T= Theta (n/sup 2.5/). These expected case lower bounds are also the best known lower bounds for the worst case. >
Silent Looms: Women and Production in a Guatemalan Town.

Silent Looms: Women and Production in a Guatemalan Town. TRACY BACHRACH EHLERS. Boulder: Westview, 1990. xiv + 177 pp., photos, tables, references, index. $34.50 (cloth), $15.95 (paper). ISBN 0-8133-7581-9, ISBN 0-8133-1183-7.
Combined prophylactic β-blocker and behavioural migraine management improves 30-day migraine outcomes compared with either strategy alone, or optimised acute treatment only

Commentary on: KA Holroyd, CK Cottrell, FJ O’Donnell, et al.. Effect of preventive (beta blocker) treatment, behavioural migraine management, or their combination on outcomes of optimised acute treatment in frequent migraine: randomised controlled trial.BMJ2010;341:c4871.
Expression and potential function of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides in dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor

Objectives: This study was designed to characterize the role of the human cathelicidin LL-37 in fungal skin infections such as dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor. Methods: The in vitro antimicrobial activity of synthetic antimicrobial peptides including the human cathelicidin LL-37 against Malassezia furfur and several dermatophytes was determined. Immunostaining was performed to determine expression of cathelicidin in skin biopsies from patients with tinea pedis, tineacorporisand tineaversicolor. Cathelicidinpeptideexpressionwasevaluated bywesternblottingand mRNA expression was studied in keratinocytes exposed to M. furfur or Trichophyton rubrum. Results:LL-37inhibitsthegrowthoffungiwithanMICof20–30mMforM.furfurand12.5mMforTrichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. LL-37 also shows fungicidal activity with a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 12.5 and 25 mM for T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum, respectively. An increase in cathelicidin expression was observed in human skin tissue infected with fungi compared with healthy skin. Western blotting of skin scrapings demonstrated that human cathelicidin is processed from its precursor into an active peptide in both healthy and infected plantar skin.
Thermodynamics of nearly‐ideal systems

The industrial importance of mixtures of closely similar substances is out of proportion to their relatively small numbers due to their frequent occurrence and the difficulty of their separations. A procedure specially designed for the general prediction of their properties, particularly relative volatility, over a wide range of state variables is needed. Such a procedure is developed in this work for convenient application to multicomponent systems with the use of generalized functions. The relative volatility of a nearly ideal system is decomposed into ideal solution factors and nonideality factors. The first order perturbation thory of Longuet-Higgins is adopted for the calculation of the nonideality factor. The validity of the procedure for the quantitative description of real mixtures is demonstrated with the system propane/propylene for which extensive data are available. The required pure fluid properties for the general application of the procedure are reviewed. System parameters are evaluated for 15 binary systems of industrial interest.
The Role of Segmentation in Phonological Processing: An fMRI Investigation

Phonological processes map sound information onto higher levels of language processing and provide the mechanisms by which verbal information can be temporarily stored in working memory. Despite a strong convergence of data suggesting both left lateralization and distributed encoding in the anterior and posterior perisylvian language areas, the nature and brain encoding of phonological subprocesses remain ambiguous. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the conditions under which anterior (lateral frontal) areas are activated during speech-discrimination tasks that differ in segmental processing demands. In two experiments, subjects performed "same/ different" judgments on the first sound of pairs of words. In the first experiment, the speech stimuli did not require overt segmentation of the initial consonant from the rest of the word, since the "different" pairs only varied in the phonetic voicing of the initial consonant (e.g., dip-tip). In the second experiment, the speech stimuli required segmentation since "different" pairs both varied in initial consonant voicing and contained different vowels and final consonants (e.g., dip-ten). These speech conditions were compared to a tone-discrimination control condition. Behavioral data showed that subjects were highly accurate in both experiments, but revealed different patterns of reaction-time latencies between the two experiments. The imaging data indicated that whereas both speech conditions showed superior temporal activation when compared to tone discrimination, only the second experiment showed consistent evidence of frontal activity. Taken together, the results of Experiments 1 and 2 suggest that phonological processing per se does not necessarily recruit frontal areas. We postulate that frontal activation is a product of segmentation processes in speech perception, or alternatively, working memory demands required for such processing.
Analysis of numerical errors in large eddy simulation using statistical closure theory

This paper develops a dynamic error analysis procedure for the numerical errors arising from spatial discretization in large-eddy simulation. The analysis is based on EDQNM closure theory, and is applied to the LES of decaying isotropic turbulence. First, the effects of finite-differencing truncation error, aliasing error and the dynamic Smagorinsky model are independently considered. The time-evolution of kinetic energy and spectra predicted by the analysis are compared to actual LES using the Navier-Stokes equations, and good agreement is obtained. The analysis is then extended to simultaneously consider all sources of error in a second-order discretely energy conserving, central-difference LES solver. Good agreement between the analysis and actual LES is obtained. The analysis is used to compare the contribution of the subgrid model to that of numerical errors, and it is shown that the contribution of the subgrid scale model is much higher than the numerical errors. The proposed one-dimensional EDQNM-LES model shows potential as a more general tool for the analysis of numerical error, and SGS model in simulations of turbulent flow.
Cell geometry effect on IGT latch-up

The effect of the emitter cell geometry on insulated gate transistor (IGT) performance has been investigated. The three-dimensional well resistances (emitter shunting resistance) of the square, circular, stripe, and multiple surface short (MSS) have been calculated. The MSS cell geometry has the lowest emitter shunting resistance. As a result, MSS cell has the highest latch-up current capability. It has been experimentally proven that the stripe cell has extremely high latch-up current, and the MSS cell design is current limited. The IGT's with circular and square cell have the lowest latch-up current capability.
A Summary of the Third Global Interferon-γ Release Assay Symposium

Studies over the past several decades have dramatically increased our understanding of the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and advances in proteomics and genomics have led to a new class of immune-diagnostic tests, termed interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs), which appear to obviate many of the problems encountered with the tuberculin skin test (TST). Worldwide, 2 IGRAs are currently commercially available. QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (Cellestis) is a third-generation product that uses an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure IFN-γ generated in whole blood stimulated with M. tuberculosis–specific antigens. T-Spot-TB (Oxford Immunotec) employs enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot technology to enumerate the number of purified lymphocytes that respond to M. tuberculosis–specific antigens by producing IFN-γ. These in vitro tests measure the host immune response to M. tuberculosis–specific antigens, which virtually eliminates false-positive cross reactions caused by bacillus...
The impact of regular lifestyle behavior in migraine: a prevalence case–referent study

Regular lifestyle behaviors (RLBs) of sleep, exercise, mealtime pattern and hydration status independently affect migraine occurrence. We aimed herein to evaluate the differences in migraine occurrence among participants who do and do not maintain the RLB triumvirate. Cases of chronic migraine (CM) and referents of episodic migraine (EM) ≥ aged 15 years with charts regularly documenting RLB notes were continuously enrolled from a retrospective case-referent cohort study performed on electronic chart review from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2015 at the Stanford Headache and Facial Pain Program. Association between RLB prevalence and migraine occurrence was studied. 175 CM and 175 EM patients were enrolled (mean age 44.4 years, 22 % males). Migraine was diagnosed according to the ICHD-3 beta criteria, and was confirmed by a Headache Specialist attending the Clinic. The CM cohort (22 %) exhibited less RLB than the EM cohort (69 %), with crude odds ratio of 0.13 (95 % confidence interval or CI 0.08-0.21). The adjusted odds ratio and adjusted relative risk between RLB+, Meds+ (those taking medication) and CM were 0.67 (95 % CI 0.32-1.40) and 0.74 (95 % CI 0.43-1.28), indicating no significant effect modification. Engaging in regular lifestyle behavior helps quell chronic migraine.
Models for the Metal Transfer Complex of the N-Terminal Region of CusB and CusF.

The tripartite CusCFBA pump in Escherichia coli is a very effective heavy metal extrusion system specific for Cu(I) and Ag(I). The N-terminal region of the membrane fusion protein CusB (CusB-NT) is highly disordered, and hence, experimentally characterizing its structure is challenging. In a previous study, this disorder was confirmed with molecular dynamics simulations, although some key structural elements were determined. It was experimentally shown that CusB-NT is fully functional in transferring the metal from the metallochaperone CusF. In this study, we docked these two entities together and formed two representative metal coordination modes, which consist of residues from both proteins. In this way, we created two potential CusB-NT/CusF complexes that share coordination of Cu(I) and thereby represent structural models for the metal transfer process. Each model complex was simulated for 4 μs. The previously observed structural disorder in CusB-NT disappeared upon complexation with CusF. The only dif...
Finite Production Rate Inventory Models with Increasing Production Cost

This paper investigates the dynamic inventory model for the case when production in a period is restricted to a finite set of specified values. The model allows the production rate to be any value in the set (0, P, 2P, ..., mP), where m is a non-negative integer. It is assumed that the setup cost is paid only once for a production block and the holding cost is monotonically or linearly increasing. Efficient planning horizon procedures have been developed for this model.
Near-boundary velocity and turbulence in depth-varying stream flows

This research examined the temporal distribution of turbulent structure near a streambank toe through the progression of a flood wave in West Run (Morgantown, WV, USA). Three-dimensional velocities and water depths were measured through a 17-h flood event. Turbulence characteristics were examined: Reynolds stresses, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulence intensities. On average, near-boundary velocity during the rising stage was less than the falling stage, likely due to the measurement location and local roughness. The velocity vectors shifted from towards bed before the flood wave to toward the streambank during progression of the flood wave. Turbulent kinetic energy increased with increasing water depth during the rising stage. Reynolds stress, τxz, increased with increasing water depth during the rising stage, but the majority of the stresses were negative through the storm event. Reynolds stress, τxy, was positive throughout the event and did not vary with depth. This work is among the first to evaluate turbulence during depth-varying flows in the field.
American Media Coverage of the Assassination of Durham White Stevens

On March 23, 1908 Chang In-hwan assassinated Durham White Stevens in San Francisco. Chang, a Korean nationalist, blamed Stevens, a pro-Japanese advisor to the Korean government, for the increasing Japanese presence in Korea. The Stevens assassination set off a firestorm of news coverage that examined the Korean independence movement, exposed Stevens` activities in Korea, and reignited debates surrounding Asian immigration to the United States. This article analyzes 19 major newspapers throughout the United States to reveal American public sentiments toward the Korean nationalist movement. Specifically, the tone and bias found in most newspaper articles exemplified the hostile social climate Korean-American faced community in California.
Heterogeneous Reduction Pathways for Hg(II) Species on Dry Aerosols: A First-Principles Computational Study

The atmospheric lifetime of mercury is greatly impacted by redox chemistry resulting from the high deposition rate of reactive mercury (Hg(II)) compared to elemental mercury (Hg(0)). Recent laboratory and field studies have observed the reduction of Hg(II), but the chemical mechanism for this reaction has not been identified. Recent experimental work has shown that the reduction reaction is heterogeneous and can occur on iron and sodium chloride aerosol surfaces. This study explores the use of density functional theory calculations to discern the reduction pathways of HgCl2, HgBr2, Hg(NO3)2, and HgSO4 on clean Fe(110), NaCl(100), and NaCl(111)(Na) surfaces. Potential energy surfaces were prepared for the various reduction pathways, indicating that the reduction pathway leading to the production of gas-phase elemental mercury is highly favorable on Fe(110) and NaCl(111)(Na). Moreover, the Fe(110) surface requires an external energy source of ∼0.5 eV to desorb the reduced mercury, whereas the NaCl(111)(Na) surface requires no energy input. The results indicate that a number of mercury species can be reduced on metallic iron and sodium chloride surfaces, which are known aerosol components, and that a photochemical reaction involving the aerosol surface is likely needed for the reaction to be catalytic.
B. Psychogeriatric program in a public housing setting

The potential range, richness, and reach that can be achieved with mental health services for the elderly in the community should be apparent from the above discussion. Once one recognizes (1) the differentiation between mental disorder and normal aging in later life, (2) the fact that many older people and their families want mental health and aging services if they are accessible, and (3) the findings that older people can and do benefit from such treatment, then the sense of optimism and responsibility for improving the development and delivery of mental health care for the elderly in general increases. Opportunities for effective mental health interventions within senior housing projects offer a case in point.
Physical Abuse of Children.

1. Jill C. Glick, MD* 2. Michele A. Lorand, MD† 3. Kristen R. Bilka, MMS, PA-C‡ 1. *Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago; Medical Director, Child Advocacy and Protective Services, University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL. 2. †Division of Child Protective Services, Department of Pediatrics; Medical Director, Chicago Children's Advocacy Center, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL. 3. ‡Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago; Physician Assistant, Child Advocacy and Protective Services, University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL. This article stresses the importance of the “sentinel injury,” a physical injury that is unusual for the age of the child and may herald more serious injuries, thereby necessitating further evaluation. Joseph A. Zenel, MD Editor-in-Chief Before receiving a diagnosis of child abuse, 25% to 30% of abused infants have “sentinel” injuries, such as facial bruising, noted by clinicians or caregivers. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6) Although easily overlooked and often considered minor, such injuries are harbingers warning clinicians that pediatric patients require further assessment. Appropriate intervention is critical, and the clinician plays a major role in identifying children who present with signs or symptoms concerning for child physical abuse by ensuring appropriate and expeditious medical evaluations and reports to child protective services. After completing this article, the reader should be able to: 1. Identify which injured children require a child abuse evaluation. 2. Recognize subtle signs and nonspecific symptoms of major trauma in infants. 3. Understand sentinel injuries and their significance. 4. Know which laboratory and imaging studies to obtain when child physical abuse is suspected. 5. Understand the legal obligation to report children with injuries that are suspicious for physical abuse and develop a thoughtful approach to informing parents of this legal obligation. A private practice pediatrician receives a phone call from a community emergency department (ED) physician regarding one of her patients, a 4-month-old infant being treated for bronchiolitis. The ED physician informs her that the baby’s chest radiograph has revealed multiple posterior rib fractures in different stages of healing, and physical examination shows a cluster of small bruises on her cheek. The …
Acculturation and quality of life in urban, African American caregivers of children with asthma.

AbstractObjective: Racial/ethnic minority caregivers of children with asthma are at risk for low levels of quality of life (QOL). Limited research has identified factors that contribute to lower QOL among African American caregivers. This study examined associations between acculturation (e.g., engaging in values/beliefs traditional of one's culture versus adopting mainstream cultural views) and caregiver QOL in low-income, urban African American families of children (7–12 years) with persistent asthma. We also investigated the association between caregiver QOL and child emergency department (ED) use. Methods: Fifty-five caregivers and their children completed interview-based questionnaires in a single research session. Caregivers completed the Pediatric Asthma Caregiver Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ), the African American Acculturation Scale-Revised (AAAS-R), and reported on child asthma variables. Children completed items assessing asthma control. Results: Higher overall QOL and emotional functi...
José Ruiz Mas, María Antonia López-Burgos del Barrio, and Eroulla Demetriou, eds., Women’s Travel Writings in Iberia

Review by Primavera Cuder (Florida International University) of Jose Ruiz Mas, Maria Antonia Lopez-Burgos del Barrio, and Eroulla Demetriou, eds., Women’s Travel Writings in Iberia . Chawton House Library Series. London: Pickering & Chatto, 2013. Vol. 1. Pp. xxx-258; Vol. 2. Pp. 270; Vol. 3. Pp. xii-422; Vol. 4. Pp. 431; and Vol. 5. Pp. xvii-459. £425. ISBN 9781851966479.
Changes in the esophagus in 1,000 autopsy specimens.

A series of 1,000 specimens of the esophagus was examined grossly and microscopically. The most interesting finding was three instances of carcinoma in situ. A leiomyoma was found in 5 per cent, dilated veins in 20 per cent, acute esophagitis in 27 per cent, and chronic esophagitis in 76 per cent. In a collateral study of 200 esophagi from newborn infants, one was found to be lined by columnar epithelium.
Non-Resonant Third Order Optical Non-linearities of Phthalocyanines

Organic materials with conjugated, highly delocalized π electron systems show considerable promise as useful non-linear optical materials. The third order optical susceptibility of simple linear polyenes with 1 dimensional delocalized π systems, is understood reasonably well. The susceptibility scales as the delocalization length to a high power.1 We are investigating chemical approaches to further enhance the non-linear optical susceptibilities of organic systems.
Social Costs Attributed to Poor Housing: A Review

Observations on the relationship between personal or social disorders and inadequate housing have given great impetus to government intervention throughout the world. Indeed, presumed social consequences of bad housing and its clusters in slum areas have furnished much if not most of the rationale for programs to augment the provision of adequate low-rent dwellings over and above the market supply. In a positivistic frame of mind, one might say that the discovery of pathological effects of poor housing has helped raise the levels of both housing consumption and housing investment. The question posed here is whether the discovery produced valid findings.
Exploring the read-write genome: mobile DNA and mammalian adaptation

The read-write genome idea predicts that mobile DNA elements will act in evolution to generate adaptive changes in organismal DNA. This prediction was examined in the context of mammalian adaptations involving regulatory non-coding RNAs, viviparous reproduction, early embryonic and stem cell development, the nervous system, and innate immunity. The evidence shows that mobile elements have played specific and sometimes major roles in mammalian adaptive evolution by generating regulatory sites in the DNA and providing interaction motifs in non-coding RNA. Endogenous retroviruses and retrotransposons have been the predominant mobile elements in mammalian adaptive evolution, with the notable exception of bats, where DNA transposons are the major agents of RW genome inscriptions. A few examples of independent but convergent exaptation of mobile DNA elements for similar regulatory rewiring functions are noted.
Pinch-Weld Method for Sealing of Large-Bore Tubes Suitable for Work from Ultravacuum to High Pressure

A new method for pinching tubes, followed by arc welding, is described which does not have diameter intrinsic limitations, nor require the tube to be made of a ductile material. This non-contaminant permanent seal is suitable for both ultra-vacuum and high-pressure applications.
Cellular Electron Cryotomography: Toward Structural Biology In Situ

Electron cryotomography (ECT) provides three-dimensional views of macromolecular complexes inside cells in a native frozen–hydrated state. Over the last two decades, ECT has revealed the ultrastructure of cells in unprecedented detail. It has also allowed us to visualize the structures of macromolecular machines in their native context inside intact cells. In many cases, such machines cannot be purified intact for in vitro study. In other cases, the function of a structure is lost outside the cell, so that the mechanism can be understood only by observation in situ. In this review, we describe the technique and its history and provide examples of its power when applied to cell biology. We also discuss the integration of ECT with other techniques, including lower-resolution fluorescence imaging and higherresolution atomic structure determination, to cover the full scale of cellular processes.
Developing Family Options: Outcomes for mothers with severe mental illness at twelve months of participation

ABSTRACTFamily Options is a psychiatric rehabilitation intervention for parents with severe mental illness and their children who work with family coaches to set and achieve goals. The objective of this study is to compare changes in well-being, functioning, and supports and resources achieved from enrollment to 12 months by mothers participating in Family Options (N = 22) with changes from enrollment to 6 months. Mothers’ scores are compared on standardized measures of psychological distress, trauma symptom severity, mental and physical health status, social support, and the number of services needed but not received from enrollment to 6 months, and from enrollment to 12 months. Data were also obtained about help received and satisfaction with Family Options. Mothers achieved significant improvements in well-being at 12 months, as measured in terms of reductions in psychological distress and symptom severity scores. Significant improvements in social support and services received were reported at 6 month...
Cost Variation of Anterior Cervical Fusions in Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective database review. OBJECTIVE To determine how demographics and comorbid diagnoses influence hospital costs during admission for anterior cervical fusions (ACFs) in the elderly Medicare population. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Elective ACFs to treat degenerative cervical pathology are extremely common within the elderly population. Although it is well known that every patient has a significantly different medical profile that guides treatment and postoperative care, little information is available regarding how hospital costs vary from patient to patient. METHODS Medicare records from the PearlDiver database (2011-2012) were retrospectively queried to select all 65- to 84-year-old patients who underwent primary, 1 to 2 level ACF (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification: 81.02) for either cervical spondylosis or cervical disc disease. All patients with corpectomies, posterior cervical fusions, and all other same-day spine fusion surgeries were excluded. The primary outcome of this study was Medicare reimbursement from the full inpatient stay as associated with the selected International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision procedure code. The relative contributions of year, age, sex, region, myelopathy diagnosis, and various comorbidities to the total cost were determined with both univariate statistics and multivariate analysis. For all analyses, P < 0.001 was determined to be significant. RESULTS In total, 21,853 patients were selected for analysis. The average reimbursement for the full cohort was $13,648 ± $7306. On multivariate analysis, advanced age ($1083), diagnosis of myelopathy ($2150), diabetes mellitus ($1019), obesity ($651), congestive heart failure ($1523), chronic kidney disease ($1962), and chronic pulmonary disease ($489) were all factors that increased costs. Of note, sex, smoking history, and prior liver disease were not associated with changes in cost. CONCLUSION Medicare reimbursements provide a value means by which determinants of cost can be elucidated. Although multiple comorbidities, older age, and myelopathy diagnosis could be theorized to contribute to increased costs, there is still some uncertainty regarding their relative costs. These data are informative to practicing physicians as health care as a whole transitions to a more value-based approach. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
Generation of Magnesium Pentafluoropropen-2-olate from Hexafluoroisopropanol and Synthesis of 2,2,4,4,4-Pentafluoro-3,3-dihydroxyketones

2,2,4,4,4-Pentafluoro-3,3-dihydroxyketones are valuable precursors to difluoroenolates following fragmentation during the release of trifluoroacetate; however, there are few synthetic strategies to prepare this unique class of compound. We addressed this issue and report a mild, two-step synthesis of 2,2,4,4,4-pentafluoro-3,3-dihydroxyketones from aldehydes. Specifically, aldehydes are treated with pentafluoropropen-2-olate, generated from a new fragmentation of hexafluoroisopropanol with a mixed Mg/Li amide, to give pentafluoroalcohols. A subsequent oxidation with Dess–Martin periodinane provides the targets in good isolated yields.
Human-motion based transmission power control in wireless body area networks

The development of a transmission power control (TPC) protocol for wireless body area networks (WBANs) is proposed. The WBAN consists of wireless sensors attached to the user. Each sensor has a transceiver and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to measure user's motion. The TPC protocol increases the WBAN's lifetime by reducing the power consumption of the transceiver. The protocol is based on a mathematical model of the human motion performed by the user. It uses the model to determine the minimum transmission power required to achieve a packet delivery ratio (PDR). The TPC protocol uses the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to characterize the channel. It uses IMU measurements to determine the parameters of the model and then decide on transmission-power levels. Also, the TPC protocol includes a method to reduce the complexity of the human-motion model to reduce the calculations the wireless sensor has to perform. The TPC protocol is implemented and tested real-time on a Shimmer2r wireless sensor. Experimental results on a bicep-curl movement show that the average power per packet decreased from 31.3mW to 19.0mW, which is a reduction of 39%, while maintaining the PDR within a 4% difference from the target PDR.
Coda: The Election of Donald J. Trump as Spectacle

This chapter is devoted to understanding the rise of Donald J. Trump as a spectacular candidate who was able to utilize spectacle to overcome political opposition from within the Republican Party and from the Democratic Party and become elected President of the United States in 2016. It contends that Trump’s previously established personas within popular culture served to create and retain a loyal following that allowed him to overcome political candidates with significantly more conventional experience. Through a use of popular culture, social media, and a capacity to defy political norms, the Trump campaign deployed spectacle to significant political advantage.
International Wetland Policy and Management Issues

Wetlands are among the world’s most important environmental resources; yet remain among the world’s least understood and most seriously abused assets. Of all global systems, wetlands are the source of some of today’s most contentious, difficult, and politically sensitive environmental and social questions. Increasingly, in both the developed world and developing world, the future of wetlands seems to depend on economic, social, and political development trends and the outcomes of litigation, and legislative/administrative debate rather than natural processes. Yet natural processes result in ecosystem functions that have real economic value to society which can be expressed in terms of yield over time, such as fisheries production, maintenance of water quality, and flood damage aversion. The purpose of this book is to examine the international environmental policy implications of wetland use and management conflicts.
Electronic structure and optical properties of ZnGeN2

The electronic band structure, structural and bonding, and some linear and nonlinear optical properties are calculated for a new ternary nitride compound ZnGeN2 using first-principles methods. Good agreement is obtained with crystallographic data and with absorption data on the band gap. The prospects for use as nonlinear optical material are discussed.
Vitamin D status contributes to the antimicrobial activity of macrophages against Mycobacterium leprae

Background The immune system depends on effector pathways to eliminate invading pathogens from the host in vivo. Macrophages (MΦ) of the innate immune system are armed with vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial responses to kill intracellular microbes. However, how the physiological levels of vitamin D during MΦ differentiation affect phenotype and function is unknown. Methodology/principal The human innate immune system consists of divergent MΦ subsets that serve distinct functions in vivo. Both IL-15 and IL-10 induce MΦ differentiation, but IL-15 induces primary human monocytes to differentiate into antimicrobial MΦ (IL-15 MΦ) that robustly express the vitamin D pathway. However, how vitamin D status alters IL-15 MΦ phenotype and function is unknown. In this study, we found that adding 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D3) during the IL-15 induced differentiation of monocytes into MΦ increased the expression of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin, including both CAMP mRNA and the encoded protein cathelicidin in a dose-dependent manner. The presence of physiological levels of 25D during differentiation of IL-15 MΦ led to a significant vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial response against intracellular Mycobacterium leprae but did not change the phenotype or phagocytic function of these MΦ. These data suggest that activation of the vitamin D pathway during IL-15 MΦ differentiation augments the antimicrobial response against M. leprae infection. Conclusions/significance Our data demonstrates that the presence of vitamin D during MΦ differentiation bestows the capacity to mount an antimicrobial response against M. leprae.
Embryo–Uterine Interactions during Implantation: Potential Sites of Interference by Environmental Toxins

Synchronous development of the embryo to the blastocyst stage and its communication with the receptive uterus is crucial to successful implantation. The process of embryo implantation involves a complex series of molecular dialogues between the embryo and the uterus. Estrogen plays an essential role for the onset of embryo–uterine interactions during implantation and involves molecular interplay of numerous growth and differentiation regulating signaling molecules, but the hierarchical molecular relationships downstream of estrogen signaling remain poorly understood. It is well established that any aberration of normal signaling by estrogenic mimics (xenoestrogens) poses a major threat to the process of implantation and therefore the pregnancy outcome. In this review, we highlight our current knowledge about estrogen (or its mimics) regulated molecular events in implantation and in general uterine signaling, and the future challenges of the field. Basic understanding of estrogen-mediated signaling mechanisms during the onset of implantation will help alleviate problems of infertility, develop novel contraceptives, and to better manage uterine cancer problems.
The spine: Congenital and developmental conditions

The chapter initially discusses normal spinal development and variants. Pathology is addressed first in terms of general structural vertebral anomalies. These are then applied to congenital scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis, as well as anomalies involving the craniovertebral junction. Discussion of spinal dysraphism follows, including tethered filum terminale, hydrosyringomyelia, and diastematomyelia. Congenital intraspinal tumors are briefly reviewed. Klippel-Feil syndrome and caudal regression are presented, as well as spine manifestations of neurofibromatosis and several other syndromes. Idiopathic scoliosis is discussed in detail, including curve measurement, imaging techniques, and treatment options. Neuromuscular scoliosis is briefly reviewed. The chapter concludes with juvenile kyphosis.
Fundamentos teóricos para la exploración epistemológica del aprendizaje operatorio de la historia

El articulo se aboca a la construccion de un encuadre teorico, de corte psicogenetico, para el estudio epistemologico del aprendizaje de la historia; desde las operaciones infralogicas al pensamiento profundo (propio de las operaciones formales). Para ello, se toma como referente basico las estructuras, esquemas y procesos mentales que se articulan en torno a las nociones de espacio y tiempo historico; y se parte del supuesto de que el aprendizaje comprensivo de la historia, al ser una necesidad imperiosa de laspersonas y sus sociedades, se torna un compromiso etico para la educacion formal.
Are 2-Year Colleges the Key? Institutional Variation and the Gender Gap in Undergraduate STEM Degrees

ABSTRACTStudies of gender gaps in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) higher education have rarely considered 2-year colleges, despite the fact that most enrollees are women. S...
A randomized controlled trial of lorcaserin and lifestyle counselling for weight loss maintenance: changes in emotion- and stress-related eating, food cravings and appetite.

Anti-obesity medication may help people maintain diet-induced reductions in appetite. The present exploratory analysis assessed the effects of lorcaserin on changes at 24 weeks post-randomization in emotion- and stress-related eating, food cravings and other measures of appetite (i.e. binge eating, cognitive restraint, disinhibition, hunger, preoccupation with eating and fullness). The parent study investigated the efficacy of combined lorcaserin and behavioural treatment in facilitating weight loss maintenance (WLM) in 137 adults (mean age = 46.1 years, 86.1% female, 68.6% black) who had lost ≥5% of initial weight during a 14-week, low-calorie diet (LCD) run-in. Participants were randomly assigned to lorcaserin or placebo and were provided with group WLM counselling sessions. Emotion- and stress-related eating, food cravings and appetite were measured at the start of the LCD (week -14), randomization (0) and week 24. From randomization, lorcaserin-treated participants had significantly greater improvements in emotion- and stress-related eating compared to placebo-treated participants (P = 0.04). However, groups did not differ significantly after randomization in changes in the frequency of food cravings, binge eating or other measures of appetite (Ps > 0.05). Compared to placebo, lorcaserin may improve emotion- and stress-related eating.
Assessment of Reported Trial Characteristics, Rate of Publication, and Inclusion of Mandatory Biopsies of Research Biopsies in Clinical Trials in Oncology

Importance Research biopsies are frequently incorporated within clinical trials in oncology and are often a mandatory requirement for trial enrollment. However, limited information is available regarding the extent and completeness of research biopsy reporting. Objectives To determine the rate of research biopsy reporting for clinical trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and determine the clinical trial factors that correlated with research biopsy reporting. Design, Setting, and Participants ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG) was searched for all oncologic therapeutic clinical trials with completion dates between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2015, with end point category terms includingbiopsy,biopsies, ortissue. The date of the final publication search was March 12, 2018. Trials conducting only diagnostic biopsies or trials using bone marrow biopsies or liquid biopsies were excluded. Credit for biopsy reporting was given for any mention of performing or results from tissue biopsies in publications. Clinical trials were compared with the highest level of corresponding publication or registry report. Fisher exact test was used for analysis. Results A total of 301 clinical trials were identified, with a median of 37 patients (range, 1-1310 patients) enrolled per trial. After a median follow-up time of 5.8 years from trial completion, 244 of 301 trials (81.1%) reported results: publications in 195 (64.8%) and CTG registry in 49 (16.3%). Reporting of trial results was associated with later-stage trials (phase 2/3) (137 of 153 [89.5%] for phase 2/3 vs 107 of 148 [72.3%] for phase 1 or 1/2 trials;P Conclusions and Relevance Despite ethical obligations to report research biopsies, only 50.8% of all trials that included a research biopsy–related end point in CTG reported on these biopsy-related results. Improved efforts are needed to report results obtained from research biopsies.
Sensor-Based Safety Performance Assessment of Individual Construction Workers.

Over the last decade, researchers have explored various technologies and methodologies to enhance worker safety at construction sites. The use of advanced sensing technologies mainly has focused on detecting and warning about safety issues by directly relying on the detection capabilities of these technologies. Until now, very little research has explored methods to quantitatively assess individual workers’ safety performance. For this, this study uses a tracking system to collect and use individuals’ location data in the proposed safety framework. A computational and analytical procedure/model was developed to quantify the safety performance of individual workers beyond detection and warning. The framework defines parameters for zone-based safety risks and establishes a zone-based safety risk model to quantify potential risks to workers. To demonstrate the model of safety analysis, the study conducted field tests at different construction sites, using various interaction scenarios. Probabilistic evaluation showed a slight underestimation and overestimation in certain cases; however, the model represented the overall safety performance of a subject quite well. Test results showed clear evidence of the model’s ability to capture safety conditions of workers in pre-identified hazard zones. The developed approach presents a way to provide visualized and quantified information as a form of safety index, which has not been available in the industry. In addition, such an automated method may present a suitable safety monitoring method that can eliminate human deployment that is expensive, error-prone, and time-consuming.
Abstract # 3193 Oral microbiome composition associations with neuroimmune processes and depressive symptomatology in healthy adults

Interactions between gut microbiota and the host immune system play an important role in CNS and metabolic function. However, the role of the oral microbiome remains unexplored. We examined associations between oral microbial diversity, cellular inflammation, and depressive symptomatology in 67 men and women (20–65 years). Saliva was collected using salivettes at 5 time-points throughout a single day (waking, 1000, 1200, 1600, 1900). Beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated inflammation control (BARIC) was assessed by co-incubating blood leukocytes with lipopolysaccharide and isoproterenol for monocyte TNF production, using flow cytometry. Depressive symptoms, using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and plasma TNF levels were assessed. Following 16S rRNA sequencing, microbial closed-reference operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and assignments were obtained using QIIME2 v.2018.4. An average of 30,958 ± 14,491 sequences per sample (N = 317) mapped onto 3116 unique OTUs. Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age, BMI, sex, and time, indicated that richness (ACE) was significantly increased among individuals with lower BARIC (b = 2.56, t = 2.34, p 0.024). Alpha-diversity (Shannon) was associated with more depressive symptoms (b = 0.18, t = 2.13, p = 0.039). Beta-diversity analysis (PERMANOVA) of weighted UniFrac distances indicated significant associations with BMI (F = 2.76, R2 = 0.021, p 0.005) and BARIC (F = 4.78, R2 = 0.019, p 0.005), and with BDI scores (F = 2.04, R2 = 0.008, p = 0.048). These preliminary findings indicate that the oral microbiome may be related to host neuro-inflammatory processes and mood differences, warranting its further exploration as a biomarker of neuropsychological or immune status.
Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM SIGSOFT international symposium on Foundations of software engineering

It is my distinct pleasure to also welcome you to the Eighteenth ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE-18). We have assembled a highquality technical program that I hope will leave many of you inspired to build upon the results presented to further the state-of-the-art in our field. This year, FSE received 170 submissions, one of which was withdrawn by the authors shortly before the reviewing period commenced. Each of the remaining papers was reviewed by three members of the program committee, with a subset of 74 papers discussed in detail at the program committee meeting that was held in Cape Town, South Africa, after ICSE 2010. Through one-anda- half days of careful deliberations, 34 papers were selected for presentation at the conference and publication in the conference proceedings. Unfortunately, one of these papers was later found to exhibit self-plagiarism, as a result of which the program consists of 33 high-quality papers for an acceptance rate of 20%. I am particularly excited about the breadth of topics covered by the submissions and, indeed, the papers that were ultimately selected for inclusion in the conference. The conference has sessions on distributed systems, concurrency, code similarities, empirical studies of systems, empirical studies of people, verification, replay, web services, testing, dependencies, and analysis, as well as one miscellaneous session that groups papers on combined hardware and software instrumentation to classify program executions, synthesis of life behavior models, and locating need-to-translate constant strings in web applications. This breadth is representative of the diverse interests of our community, and shows how FSE serves as a home for all of this work. I deeply appreciate the many hours that each of the members of the volunteer program committee spent reading the submissions, providing detailed feedback in the reviews, discussing the papers at the program committee meeting, and dealing with various other aspects concerning the program. It was particularly heartening to witness a very positive program committee meeting, with a desire to admit papers rather than to reject them. On a number of papers, this attitude made a difference, and the program only benefitted.
On the correlation between Boolean functions of sequences of random variables

In this paper, we establish a new inequality tying together the effective length and the maximum correlation between the outputs of an arbitrary pair of Boolean functions which operate on two sequences of correlated random variables. We derive a new upper-bound on the correlation between the outputs of these functions. The upper-bound is useful in various disciplines which deal with common-information. We build upon Witsenhausen's [2] bound on maximum-correlation. The previous upper-bound did not take the effective length of the Boolean functions into account. One possible application of the new bound is to characterize the communication-cooperation tradeoff in multi-terminal communications. In this problem, there are lower-bounds on the effective length of the Boolean functions due to the rate-distortion constraints in the problem, as well as lower bounds on the output correlation at different nodes due to the multi-terminal nature of the problem.
PTHrP(12-48) for the diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastasis.

e21039 Background: Bone metastasis of breast cancer significantly compromises patient morbidity and mortality. Currently, no reliable methods detect or predict patients at increased risk for develo...