cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Using Interfacing Technology to Schedule and Deploy Resources

Background: In a healthcare delivery system, labor costs typically represent over 50 percent of a hospital9s total operating expenses. For the typical respiratory therapy (RT) department, work is performed in a cyclical pattern throughout the shift, have seasonal variations, and labor is not necessarily matched to work. A reduction in labor metric swings is an opportunity from a labor management perspective. Methods: The Respiratory Therapy Department at Hershey Medical Center, the flagship hospital for the Penn State Health System, began using a web based scheduling system in 2013. The initial rollout allowed staff to view work schedules, submit requests for time off, and pick up extra shifts on any internet enabled device. In July of 2016, the department developed an RT activity volumes feed, based off of orders from our electronic health record to our scheduling and predictive analytics partner. The volume feed interfaced 5 times per day, with orders placed in to four categories; medications, ventilators/noninvasive devices, high flow oxygen therapy, and non-medication secretion management and hyperinflation therapy. The time associated with each activity is a hybrid of internal time studies and the American Association for Respiratory Care’s (AARC) Uniform Reporting Manual (URM). The weighted time of RT activity are converted into work hours and indicates the number of staff required for each area of the hospital in four hour blocks of time. The volume feed of orders translated into work hours and integrated into our staff scheduling system captures three things: a seamless snapshot of ordered RT activity throughout the organization, a more granular view of activity ordered by unit/floor for resource deployment, and historical data to predict low and high demands for RT resources, adjusting RT staffing needs based off the data. Results: For 12 months prior to July 2016, month to month average percent variance in worked hours/total primary units (WHPU) = 11.27 ± 9.09. For 30 months after the implementation of the volume feed, the variance = 7.51 ± 6.36; P = .184. For the first 10 months of our 2018-2019 fiscal year, the department was under budget on the WHPU metric by 1%. In both FY 2016/2017 and in 2017/2018 we experienced a 5% unfavorable variance. Conclusions: Aligning RT staffing to cyclical patterns of work is a challenge for any department. The use of technology and predictive analytics shows promise in closely aligning staff to when the work happens.
Patients with Gaucher disease display systemic oxidative stress dependent on therapy status

Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in GBA1, which encodes for the lysosomal hydrolase enzyme, β-glucocerebrosidase. The resulting misfolded protein can trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and an unfolded protein response within the affected cells. The enzyme deficiency leads to accumulation of its substrates, glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine, within macrophage lysosomes and with prominent disease manifestations in macrophage rich tissues. Resultant lysosomal pathology and impaired autophagy leads to redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular oxidative stress. Here we have systematically examined a role for oxidative stress in individuals affected by Gaucher disease. We compared multiple oxidative stress biomarkers in plasma and red blood cell samples from patients who are currently untreated, with those who are stable on standard-of-care therapy, and with healthy controls. We found significant differences in key oxidative stress biomarkers in untreated patients compared to healthy control. In treated patients, results generally fell between the controls and the untreated patients. Interestingly, even asymptomatic and minimally symptomatic untreated patients had evidence of significant systemic oxidative stress. We conclude that underlying oxidative stress may contribute to Gaucher disease pathophysiology including long-term adverse outcomes such as Parkinsonism and malignancies. Therapies targeting oxidative stress may prove useful as adjuvant treatments for Gaucher disease and other lysosomal storage disorders.
Broomscapes: racial capitalism, waste, and caste in Indian Railway Stations

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with cleaning workers in the railway stations of Hyderabad, I present a “minor theory of racial capitalism” centring the humble jhadu or broom as a heuristic tool ...
Demographics on Bullying to Turnover Intention: A Case of Korean Kitchen Employees in Upscale Hotels

The primary objective of this research is to identify the relationship between bullying and turnover intentions of kitchen workers. The study further investigates moderating effects of selected demographic variables on turnover intention when employees experience bullying. Cross-sectional survey data was collected from 288 kitchen workers from 12 upscale hotels in Korea. The results of the study identified several important demographic characteristics that determine employees’ intentions to leave. Practical recommendations are outlined for managers involved in human resources management. The study offers valuable insights for prospective employers to develop on-going programs to create a positive working environment within the hospitality industry.
Translational Modeling Identifies Synergy between Nanoparticle-Delivered miRNA-22 and Standard-of-Care Drugs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Abstract The downregulation of miRNA-22 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with upregulation of eukaryotic elongation 2 factor kinase (eEF2K) protein, which regulates tumor growth, chemoresistance, and tumor immunosurveillance. Moreover, exogenous administration of miRNA-22, loaded in nanoparticles to prevent degradation and improve tumor delivery (termed miRNA-22 nanotherapy), to suppress eEF2K production has shown potential as an investigational therapeutic agent in vivo. To evaluate the translational potential of miRNA-22 nanotherapy, we developed a multiscale mechanistic model, calibrated to published in vivo data and extrapolated to the human scale, to describe and quantify the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of miRNA-22 in virtual patient populations. Our analysis revealed the dose-response relationship, suggested optimal treatment frequency for miRNA-22 nanotherapy, and highlighted key determinants of therapy response, from which combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors was identified as a candidate strategy for improving treatment outcomes. More importantly, drug synergy was identified between miRNA-22 and standard-of-care drugs for TNBC, providing a basis for rational therapeutic combinations for improved response.
Preparation of radioxenon and radioargon mixed sources for IFE14

The Integrated Field Exercise (IFE14) was conducted from November 3, 2014 through December 9, 2014 in Jordan. This was an exercise to test the capabilities for On-Site Inspection (OSI) as part of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. One important OSI technology is the measurement of noble gasses that are produced within a nuclear explosion. To support IFE14, radioxenon samples and radioargon samples were created at The University of Texas at Austin TRIGA reactor facility. The goal was to produce a mixed sample containing 131mXe, 133Xe, and 37Ar in activity ratios consistent with the nuclear explosion scenario defined for the exercise.
Predictability of shapes of intraday price curves

Summary We develop a statistical framework, based on functional data analysis, for testing the hypothesis of the predictability of shapes of intraday price curves. We derive test statistics based on signs of the scores of the functional principal components. We establish its asymptotic properties under the null and alternative hypotheses, and demonstrate via simulations that it has excellent finite sample properties. A small empirical study shows that the shapes of the intraday price curves of large US corporations are not predictable.
Familial paroxysmal choreoathetosis of Mount and Reback; study of a second family in which this condition is found in association with epilepsy.

A case is described of familial paroxysmal choreoathetosis identical to that described by Mount and Reback. This patient also had attacks of petit mal. There was a history of epilepsy in other members of the family and a maternal aunt had seizures similar to those of the case described herein. It appears that this disease may be related to epilepsy.
Reconsidering Mark Twain's Literary "Offenses" in "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer among the Indians"

Since the publication in 1969 of "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer among the Indians" (c. 1884), scholars have sought to explain why Mark Twain failed to complete this sequel to Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). Critical consensus holds that Twain ultimately came to view the manuscript as irreparably flawed. Scholars such as Walter Blair, Wayne R. Kime, Axel Knoenagel, and Peter Stoneley variously contend that the fragment lacks thematic complexity, is devoid of any well-developed character, and wants a moral ethos consistent with the genteel sensibilities of Twain's nineteenth-century readership. In this study, I reconsider these three areas of critical focus in order to offer a different interpretation of "Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer among the Indians," one that concentrates not on the faults of an unedited and unfinished novel, but on the strengths of a significant—albeit incomplete—literary work. In particular, I assert that Twain effectively blurs and subverts traditional boundaries of genre (parody/frank social commentary) and race (white/Indian) in this wellconceived tale of universal human iniquity.
A Review of “Learning Science in Informal Environments: People, Places, and Pursuits”

There is growing interest in informal science learning and particularly in the role it may be able to play to complement formal science education. Learning Science in Informal Environments: People,...
On the Axiomatic Treatment of Concurrency

This paper describes a semantically-based axiomatic treatment of a simple parallel programming language. We consider an imperative language with shared variable concurrency and a critical region construct. After giving a structural operational semantics for the language we use the semantic structure to suggest a class of assertions for expressing semantic properties of commands. The structure of the assertions reflects the structure of the semantic representation of a command. We then define syntactic operations on assertions which correspond precisely to the corresponding syntactic constructs of the programming language; in particular, we define sequential and parallel composition of assertions. This enables us to design a truly compositional proof system for program properties. Our proof system is sound and relatively complete. We examine the relationship between our proof system and the Owicki-Gries proof system for the same language, and we see how Owicki's parallel proof rule can be reformulated in our setting. Our assertions are more expressive than Owicki's, and her proof outlines correspond roughly to a special subset of our assertion language. Owicki's parallel rule can be thought of as being based on a slightly different form of parallel composition of assertions; our form does not require interference-freedom, and our proof system is relatively complete without the need for auxiliary variables. Connections with the “Generalized Hoare Logic” of Lamport and Schneider, and with the Transition Logic of Gerth, are discussed briefly, and we indicate how to extend our ideas to include some more programming constructs, including conditional commands, conditional critical regions, and loops.
Technical change and the demand for skills by US industries

A good match between the demand for skills and their supply is a prerequisite for any well functioning economy. This is no simple matter, particularly in the current period of rapid changes in the technology and organisation of production, since new skills and capabilities usually require both considerable time to develop and costly personal and institutional adjustments. The widely perceived inadequacy of education and job training in the US has become an increasing source of concern for policy makers, but before better training processes can be designed, a necessary first step is to anticipate future demands for skills in the workplace. Whether this can be done very well depends in part on our ability to describe and explain recent trends in skill composition. Previous econometric studies of inter-industry differences in skills and skill growth have focused on the effects of factor prices and capital-intensity on indices of schooling attainment. The results of these tests have been interpreted to provide strong support for the standard factor substitution model and the capital-skill complementarity hypothesis (Hammermesh, 1986), but these studies rarely considered the effects of technical change and other structural characteristics on the demand for skills. In another strand of the
Linking a Hepatology Clinical Service Line to Quality Improvement

As health care delivery reform continues in the United States, the need for care integration is increasingly obvious. Long-term mitigation of cost trends will likely require care coordination of patients with multiple comorbidities, since about 5% of patients account for almost 50% of health care costs. Successful care coordination of this type of patient begins with accurate patient identification and then tracking of selected patients across the care continuum, both dependent on an all-inclusive health system electronic medical record. This month’s Practice Management article describes innovative work at Yale University School of Medicine and Yale New Haven Hospital. There, clinicians worked with experts in the hospital’s Cost and Value Department to identify all patients with liver disease and then track their clinical care and resource use over a 12-month period. These data then were used to categorize patients into medically logical subpopulations where targeted clinical interventions could be applied to affect patient and financial outcomes.
Review of the Empirical Evidence for a Theoretical Model to Understand the Sexual Problems of Women with a History of CSA

ABSTRACT Introduction Sexual problems in women with a history of child sexual abuse (CSA) are relatively common but only a few studies have attempted to explain the mechanisms of these problems. Given the potential for a variety of factors associated with sexual problems in CSA survivors, the field needs a theoretical model to explain these difficulties. Aim The main aim of this article was to illustrate a theoretical model to understand sexual problems in CSA survivors. Sexual problems are here grouped into hyposexual and hypersexual. A review of empirical studies that support this model is presented. A second aim was to discuss the definition of CSA adopted in research projects. Methods Results from studies targeting psychophysiologic, affective, and cognitive sexual responses are discussed. Main Outcome Measures Vaginal photoplethismography, sexual self-schemas, and implicit sexual associations to sexual stimuli were the focus of the studies reviewed. Results These studies showed that during the exposure to sexual stimuli, CSA survivors experienced more inhibitory responses and less excitatory responses than women in the comparison groups. On the other hand, in situations when sexual stimuli were not present, CSA survivors showed a greater excitation of sexual responses than women in the comparison groups. Additionally, CSA survivors showed a potential difficulty inhibiting intrusive sexual thoughts. Conclusions The model shows promising qualities to adequately explain the hypo- and hypersexuality of CSA survivors. The advantages of this model over others include the ability to guide the selection of cognitive and behavioral interventions for patients presenting for treatment. Rellini A. Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the sexual problems of women with a history of CSA.
Factors Affecting Utilization of Health Services and Home- and Community-Based Care Programs by Older Taiwanese in the United States

This article examines factors that affect the utilization of health care services and home- and community-based care (HCBC) programs by older Taiwanese, a rapidly growing and newly arrived immigran...
Effect of polyvinyl phosphonates and ethane hydroxy diphosphonate on mineralization of ectopic bone

Abstract The effects of polymeric polyphosphonate and of ethane hydroxydiphosphonate on the development of ectopic bone were compared at different stages of bone development. The diphosphonate affected bone development at different stages, as reflected by alkaline phosphatase and aryl sulphatase activities, as well as by the creation of calcium ions by bone and on its readiness to undergo isotopic exchange. The polymeric polyphosphonate (mol. wt., 3500–8000), on the other hand, did not exhibit any of these effects, although it did inhibit the activity of the enzymes in vitro to an extent comparable with that of the diphosphonate. The results corroborate the assumption that the effects of polymeric polyphosphonates on hard tissues are confined to the extracellular space while the effects of diphosphonates on bone development are due to intracellular activity and not to sequestering of extracellular calcium.
Acculturation and Functional Disability among Older Vietnamese-Americans

This study examined the association between acculturation and functional disability among Vietnamese-Americans ages 65 and older. Data came from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 of the U.S. Census data. This sample consisted of 2,610 older Vietnamese-Americans representing 5.2% of Vietnamese-Americans from the 2000 U.S. Census data. We examined three alternative structural equation models depicting the association between acculturation and functional disability while controlling for possible influences of selected covariates: age, sex, education, income, and length of residence in the United States. Findings indicated that the model depicting the effect of acculturation on functional disability had a better fit than the model depicting the effect of functional disability on acculturation. The non-recursive model, which tested the reciprocal association between acculturation and functional disability, provided strong evidence for the effect of acculturation on functional disability. ...
Total fundoplication is the operation of choice for patients with gastroesophageal reflux and defective peristalsis.

Background Partial fundoplication has traditionally been indicated for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who have defective peristalsis (DP). Because partial fundoplication had been reported to be a less effective means of controlling acid reflux than total fundoplication, in 1997 we stopped performing partial fundoplication for patients with DP and switched to a floppy total fundoplication. This study analyzes the results of our new strategy and compares it to our former approach.
A multiscale hybrid evolutionary algorithm to obtain sample-based representations of multi-basin protein energy landscapes

The emerging picture of proteins as dynamic systems switching between structures to modulate function demands a comprehensive structural characterization only possible through an energy landscape treatment. Only sample-based representations of a protein energy landscape are viable in silico, and sampling-based exploration algorithms have to address the fundamental but challenging issue of balancing between exploration (broad view) and exploitation (going deep). We propose here a novel algorithm that achieves this balance by combining concepts from evolutionary computation and protein modeling research. The algorithm draws samples from a reduced space obtained via principal component analysis of known experimental structures. Samples are lifted from the reduced to an all-atom structure space where they are then mapped to nearby local minima in the all-atom energy landscape. From an algorithmic point of view, this paper makes several contributions, including the design of a local selection operator that is crucial to avoiding premature convergence. From an application point of view, this paper demonstrates the utility of the proposed evolutionary algorithm to advance understanding of multi-basin proteins. In particular, the proposed algorithm makes the first steps to answering the question of how sequence mutations affect function in proteins at the center of proteinopathies by providing the energy landscape as the intermediate explanatory link between protein sequence and function.
Biochemical Phenotypes Associated with the Myosin Essential Light Chain Mutations

To investigate the effects of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) mutations in the ventricular myosin essential light chain (ELC) we have exchanged the human ventricular wild type (WT) and two FHC ELC mutants (A57G, E143K) for the endogenous porcine ELC in isolated and purified pig cardiac myosin.To elucidate the importance of the long N-terminus of cardiac myosin ELC for the actin-myosin interaction, we also exchanged the N-terminal truncation mutant ELC-Δ43 into native porcine myosin. The phenotype associated with the A57G mutation consists of a classic asymmetric hypertrophy with varying pathology and disease progression including sudden cardiac death (SCD) (Lee, et al. (2001) Am Heart J141, 184-9). The E143K mutation is associated with a restrictive cardiomyopathy and SCD phenotype (Olson et al. (2002) Circulation105, 2337-40). We hypothesized that FHC ELC mutants may bind to the myosin heavy chain with a lower affinity than ELC-WT, thus affecting the structural integrity of the thick filaments in muscle. SDS-PAGE demonstrated that indeed the A57G mutation yielded lower percent exchange in cardiac porcine myosin compared to WT. We further hypothesized that as a consequence the interaction of ELC-mutant myosin with actin will be affected. All ELC-mutant myosins were tested for their ability to bind actin using fluorescence spectroscopy and pyrene-labeled F-actin. We observed a significantly decreased binding affinity for both FHC mutants while the binding of the ELC-Δ43 mutant myosin to F-actin was stronger than WT. The latter supports the hypothesis that the N-terminus of ELC acts as a molecular constrain inhibiting the actin-myosin interaction. Lower binding affinity of myosin containing the A57G and E143K mutations might be responsible for the development of the pathologic cardiac phenotype observed in patients carrying these FHC mutations. Supported by NIH HL071778 and NIH HL090786.
Posttraumatic pseudo-Zenker's diverticulum (with videos)

Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD) is the posterior pulsion diverticulum below the esophageal introitus. We describe a case of posttraumatic pseudo-ZD, its etiology and management. A 57-year-old man with schizophrenia complained of sore throat and dysphagia. He believed that he had a foreign body (FB) in his throat and routinely swallowed various objects trying to push it down. As a result of repeated trauma, he was found to have an active laryngeal ulcer, a pseudo-ZD with a large fibrous polyp and a linear ulcer along the posterior upper esophagus. Intervention included endoscopic polypectomy within the diverticulum, removing sharp objects, and behavioral modifications. Two months later, his sore throat and dysphagia resolved. Repeat endoscopy revealed complete ulcer healing. Unfortunately, he still believes that there is an FB inside his throat. The potential complications related to repeated traumatic injury in the larynx and esophagus include perforation, ulceration, formation of pseudo-ZD and reactive fibrous polyps.
Vapor heat capacities and enthalpies of vaporization of six organic compounds

Abstract Experimental values of vapor heat capacity for the real gas and enthalpy of vaporization, determined by vapor-flow calorimetry, are reported for cyclohexanethiol, 2-methyl-1-butanethiol, tetrahydrofuran, oxetane, 4-methylpyridine, and hexafluorobenzene. The results were used to derive values of Cpo, the heat capacity in the ideal-gas state, and to obtain information about the state properties of the gas in the region of low relative temperature and pressure.
Significance of c /sqrt2 in relativistic physics

In the description of relative motion in accelerated systems and gravitational fields, inertial and tidal accelerations must be taken into account, respectively. These involve a critical speed that in the first approximation can be simply illustrated in the case of motion in one dimension. For one-dimensional motion, such first-order accelerations are multiplied by (1 − V2/V2c), where is the critical speed. If the speed of relative motion exceeds Vc, there is a sign reversal with consequences that are contrary to Newtonian expectations.
Homonucleotide expansion and contraction mutations of PAX2 and inclusion of Chiari 1 malformation as part of renal-coloboma syndrome.

Renal-Coloboma syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by colobomatous eye defects, vesicoureteral reflux, and abnormal kidneys, results from mutations in PAX2. The purpose of this study was to identify mutations in PAX2 and understand the associated patient phenotypes. We report a severely affected girl and a mildly affected mother and daughter, all of whom have PAX2 homoguanine tract (7 G) missense mutations. The mother and daughter have optic nerve colobomas and the daughter has vesicoureteral reflux. The severely affected girl developed renal failure and has bilateral colobomatous eye defects. Additionally, this girl developed hydrocephalus associated with platybasia and a Chiari 1 malformation. We examined genomic DNA from these individuals by SSCP and sequencing. The mother and daughter had a novel mutation: a contraction in a string of 7 G's to 6 G's in one allele of PAX2, leading to a premature stop codon two amino acids downstream. The severely affected girl had an expansion to 8 G's, leading to a premature stop codon 27 amino acids downstream. The 8 G expansion has been found in other patients without brain anomalies and has occurred spontaneously in a mouse model, PAX2(1Neu). We expand the known phenotype associated with mutations in PAX2 to include brain malformations. The homoguanine tract in PAX2 is a hot spot for spontaneous expansion or contraction mutations and demonstrates the importance of homonucleotide tract mutations in human malformation syndromes.
Hypothalamic Hamartoma in Association with a Suprasellar Arachnoid Cyst: A Case Report

A 5-year-old female presented with a history of precocious puberty and increased height. MRI of the brain revealed a nonenhancing hypothalamic mass and associated suprasellar arachnoid cyst. The patient underwent a right frontal craniotomy with orbital osteotomy for wide fenestration of the cyst. Intraoperatively, it was clear the mass represented a hamartoma with a very smooth glistening surface. For this reason, no biopsy of the wall was performed. Postoperatively, the patient remains neurologically intact and without any medication dependence. This case highlights the occurrence of a suprasellar arachnoid cyst in association with a hypothalamic hamartoma.
A Cross-national Comparison of Generalist Physician Workforce Data: Evidence for US Supply Adequacy

Objective. —To assess the adequacy of the US generalist physician workforce using population-based, cross-national physician workforce data. Design. —A comparative analysis of physician workforce data obtained from primary sources in Canada in 1991 and from England and Germany in 1993. Methods. —Generalist physician-to-population ratios were calculated for each country and the results compared in the context of how primary care services are delivered. The findings were used to create a framework for analyzing the adequacy of the generalist physician workforce of the United States. Main Outcome Measure. —The comparability of the number of primary care providers per 100 000 population in the US physician workforce with the number in Canada, England, and Germany. Results. —On a population basis, the size of the full-time US generalist physician workforce is larger than that of England, similar to that of Germany, and smaller than that of Canada. These size differences are largely reconciled when one takes into account differences in the way primary care services are delivered, the degree to which nurse practitioners are employed in each country, and the degree to which nongeneralist physicians provide primary care services. Conclusions. —The size of the US generalist physician workforce is currently adequate to meet the needs of the population. Policies designed to greatly expand the size of the US generalist physician workforce are ill-conceived. ( JAMA . 1995;274:692-695)
Host reactions in Biomphalaria glabrata to Schistosoma mansoni miracidia, involving variations in parasite strains, numbers and sequence of exposures.

Abstract M-line Biomphalaria glabrata snails are susceptible to Puerto Rican (PR-1) strain of Schistosoma mansoni , but are resistant to a St. Lucian (LC-1) strain. 10-R2 B. glabrata snails are resistant to both strains of S. mansoni . When 10-R2 snails were exposed repeatedly to PR-1 S. mansoni miracidia for 5 consecutive days, all of the sporocysts were encapsulated and destroyed by the snails. Thirty-four per cent of sporocysts examined in M-line snails with similar exposures were also degraded. In double concurrent infections of M-line B. glabrata with [ 3 H]leucine-labeled and unlabeled PR-1 and Lc-1 S. mansoni , the incompatible Lc-1 miracidia were selectively attacked and destroyed. This destruction occurred irrespective of the sequence of exposure of the 2 strains of miracidia, and whether or not the miracidia were labeled. Successful superinfection of M-line B. glabrata with homologous S. mansoni miracidia was obtained at least 4 days after the primary exposure to the miracidia.
Definition and Characterization of Geoffrion Proper Efficiency for Real Vector Optimization with Infinitely Many Criteria

The concept and characterization of proper efficiency is of significant theoretical and computational interest, in multiobjective optimization and decision-making, to prevent solutions with unbounded marginal rates of substitution. In this paper, we propose a slight modification to the original definition in the sense of Geoffrion, which maintains the common characterizations of properly efficient points as solutions to weighted sums or series and augmented or modified weighted Tchebycheff norms, also if the number of objective functions is countably infinite. We give new proofs and counterexamples which demonstrate that such results become invalid for infinitely many criteria with respect to the original definition, in general, and we address the motivation and practical relevance of our findings for possible applications in stochastic optimization and decision-making under uncertainty.
The Group Dynamics Instructor as Boundary Manager

The instructor of a group dynamics course (or any management course) is more than an instructor; she or he is also the manager of a complex system. Teaching well requires assuming an active boundary management role. Using a systems perspective (the model that drives much of the group dynamics course), instructors can harness the concept of boundaries (task, structural, psychological, to name several kinds) to make decisions in course planning and implementation.
Non-surgical management of hormone-secreting pituitary tumors

Hormone-secreting pituitary tumors account for about 30% of all pituitary tumors. Successful long-term management of patients with these tumors frequently requires a multimodality team approach. Given that the role and efficacy of neurosurgical resection of hormone-secreting pituitary tumors is well described, we focus this review on the other important treatment modalities that are becoming increasingly crucial in the management of acromegaly, Cushing's disease and prolactinomas. Medical management with standard and novel drugs as well as the role and effectiveness of radiation therapy and radiosurgery are discussed in detail.
Bicrossproduct Structure of the Quantum Weyl Group

Abstract The quantum Weyl group [formula] associated to a complex simple Lie algebra g consists of the quantum group Uq(g) with certain "quantum simple reflections" w i, adjoined. Let kW be the group algebra of the standard covering W of the Weyl group of g. Here k = C [[ħ]]. We show that [formula] has the structure of a cocycle bicrossproduct, [formula] = kWψ⋈α,χUq(g). It consists as an algebra of a cocycle semidirect product by a cocycle-action α of kW on Uq(g), defined with respect to a certain non-Abelian cocycle χ. It consists as a coalgebra of an extension by a non-Abelian dual cocycle ψ. The dual of [formula] is also a bicrossproduct and consists as an algebra of an extension of the dual of Uq(g) by the commutative algebra of functions on W via a cocycle ψ*.
PENTOXIPHYLLINE (PENT) AND HYPOTHERMIA (HT) REDUCE THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HYPOXIA IN ANESTHETIZED DOGS

Hypothermia (HT) has been used to reduce O2 consumption (VO2) in critically ill children. HT, however, does not reduce the critical level of PaO2 required to maintain VO2, because cardiac output (CO) and O2 extraction (O2 ext) are also decreased. We hypothesized that PENT, by increasing RBC deformability and vasodilation, would increase CO and O2 ext during HT, reducing the critical levels of O2 delivery (DO2) and PaO2. 15 adult beagles were exposed to hypoxic hypoxia during normothermia (38°C), HT (30°C) and PENT plus HT. We measured Hb, %sat, pO2, CO, blood viscosity and VO2, and calculated DO2 (CO·CaO2), SVR, PVR, O2 ext and critical DO2 and PaO2. Because of its effects on CO and O2 ext, HT alone did not reduce critical PaO2. PENT reversed HT-induced changes in CO and O2 ext without changing VO2, allowing reductions in critical DO2 and PaO2. When combined, PENT and HT reduce the susceptibility to hypoxia in dogs by reducing VO2 while maintaining DO2 and O2 ext. PENT and HT may be useful in severe, intractable hypoxemia. Supported by HL 07633.
Review of current wound-care protocol and dressing choice in equine veterinary practice

ABSTRACT:A 2010 national equine wound-care study was undertaken to report on – and clarify – current wound management theories, and review product usage in equine veterinary practice; with an initial report and review of current human wound-care practices transposable to equine veterinary practice.Results indicate wide-ranging product usage between practices but a small range within practices. Many well-established wound-care products are favoured over newer, successful human wound-care practices including: topical negative pressure; the wound healing, infection and exudate continuums; and many of the active products.Further research is required, especially in terms of case studies and the potential inclusion of recently developed human products. The requirement for independent product and wound healing guidance in veterinary practice is highlighted.
Landau theory of long-range orientational order

Abstract The most general quartic Landau free energies are constructed for orientational order parameters which transform like L = 2, 4, and 6 irreducible representations of SO(3). In each case a complete phase diagram is determined using group theoretical techniques in conjunction with the linear programming method. The accessible low-symmetry phases for L = 6 representation are D ∞ , Y , O , and D 6 . For L = 4 they are D ∞ , O , and D 4 . D ∞ is accessible for L = 2. In the cases L = 6 and 4 it is found that the phase diagram is dominated by the icosahedral and octahedral symmetries, respectively. The bond densities in the low-symmetry phases are also analyzed.
Clinical course of neuropsychological functioning after chronic exposure to organic and inorganic lead

Abstract This case series describes the clinical course (12- to 28-month follow-up) of neuropsychological functioning in 23 workers who had chronic occupational exposure to a mixture of organic and inorganic lead. Significant improvement in performance was seen in 1 23 tests and deterioration in 3 23 tests. However, there was no significant change in the majority of tests ( 19 23 ). Tests that showed deterioration were all tests of psychomotorlmotor speed. In addition, 10 of 13 workers who completed a symptom checklist twice reported more frequent physical, cognitive, and affective symptoms at follow-up. This increase in symptoms was associated with psychomotorlmotor slowing as compared to initial test performance. Many workers subjectively reported an increased frequency of memory and concentration problems at follow-up, although this change could not be documented objectively. Individual worker demographic and exposure characteristics were not predictive of changes in neuropsychological performance at retest. We propose a psychosocial mechanism to explain the increase in symptom severity and the psychomotorlmotor slowing because environmental levels of lead declined during the inter-test interval.
Stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans L.) and the behavior of grazing beef cattle

Abstract A change-over design with complete balance for first residual effects was used with a tethered grazing technique to evaluate the effects of arthropod ectoparasites on the behavior of adult Angus beef cows ( Bos taurus ) (body weight (BW), 465 ± 30 kg) grazing vegetative tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cultivar ‘Kentucky 31’). The three treatments were: T 1 , open grazing plots with exposure to natural ectoparasite populations; T 2 , grazing plots with exclosures (5 m × 5 m × 2 m) to minimize natural ectoparasite populations; T 3 , similar enclosures containing 2500 laboratory-reared adult stable flies ( Stomoxys calcitrans L.). At the start of grazing, herbage dry matter (DM) mass (> 5 cm) of the 25 cm sward was 2882 kg ha −1 and the herbage DM allowance (> 5 cm) was 1.0 kg (100 kg BW) −1 h −1 . Nine flies alighted on cows in open plots (T 1 ), very few ( 2 ) and 108 stable flies alighted on cows in the enclosures (T 3 ). Of the latter, there were 67 on front legs, 30 on hind legs and seven on the trunk. Stable fly populations on the body surfaces of cows declined logarithmically during grazing meals. During the first part of grazing meals, stable flies induced cows (in T 3 ) to move their heads (8 times per minute), and to lift their front legs (8 times per minute) and hind legs (3 times per minute). Stable flies also induced ear movements (12 per minute), tail movements (69 per minute) and skin twitches (25 per minute). Rates of stable fly-induced behavior declined logarithmically during grazing meals. Cows in T 1 , T 2 and T 3 visited 4.2, 3.9 and 3.1 feeding stations per minute, respectively, but rates of herbage DM intake were not affected by the presence of stable flies ( P > 0.05) and averaged 0.35 kg (100 kg BW) −1 h −1 . In the absence of stable flies (T 2 ), rates of biting of cows declined logarithmically from 46 to 30 bites min −1 . Cows subjected to stable flies (T 3 ), however, started grazing at 19 bites min −1 and ended grazing meals at 26 bites min −1 . Mean herbage DM intakes per bite were 833, 694 and 1011 mg for T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively.
A Mechanical Evaluation of the Resistance of Various Interfragmentary Wire Configurations to Torsion

Fourteen interfragmentary orthopedic wire configurations were tested in torsion using a transverse fracture polyvinylchloride pipe model. These models included single and double Kirschner pins with and without orthopedic wire added to the configuration. The orthopedic wire was applied in either an encircling, figure-of-eight (skewer pin), or cruciate pattern. Double Kirschner pins were applied in a mono- or biplanar fashion. An external fixator model was also tested. Stiffness, yield load, safe load, and energy of absorption were measured and calculated for each model. Orthopedic wire added to any configuration increased stiffness. All single pin configurations with orthopedic wire and the external fixator had the highest stiffness. Two Kirschner pins had a higher torsional yield load and safe load than single pin configurations with or without orthopedic wire. The external fixator model had the highest torsional yield load, safe load and energy of absorption of all configurations tested. However, the external fixator was only significantly different in safe load from the 90° biplanar configurations with wire and the cross pin configuration with encircling wire. The 90° biplanar configurations with wire and the cross pin configuration with encircling wire were equally as effective as the external fixator model in yield load and energy of absorption.
Viktor Trkal, Beltrami fields, and Trkalian flows

A 1919 contribution of Viktor Trkal on Beltrami fields is contextualized and shown to be of significance in fluid mechanics, time-harmonic electromagnetism and astrophysics.
Resolution of oral hairy leukoplakia during treatment with azidothymidine

This report presents a case of oral hairy leukoplakia that has completely disappeared during treatment with azidothymidine. The reason for the resolution of the lesions in this case is not certain, but the outcome may be due to the action of the drug on the agent or agents causing the lesion.
Protein Stability as Revealed by Ultracentrifugal Analysis

IN the course of sedimentation velocity studies with serum protein mixtures, it has been noted from time to time that the concentrations of the different molecules calculated from the sedimentation diagram differ from those determined analytically1. The substance sedimenting at the higher rate decreases in amount to form units of a lower apparent sedimentation constant, even though it has appeared to be perfectly stable under the same conditions when it is present alone. It has been concluded that these changes are caused by some medium effect produced by the action of one protein upon the other. It was then reasoned that it should be possible to produce this effect by means of such lower molecular substances as amides, amino-acids, polypeptides, and protamines. The action of such dissociating compounds is found to be highly specific. Thus an amino-acid which acts strongly upon a certain protein may have no effect upon another, and vice versa, and the effect may depend upon the presence or absence of salt2,3.
Hydrographic properties and circulation of the North Carolina shelf and slope waters

Abstract Processes affecting the renewal of the North Carolina Shelf Waters are discussed on the basis of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, runoff and wind data collected during 1965–1967. These consist of horizontal advection near the coast from the north, meanders of the Gulf Stream, subsurface intrusion, cascading and runoff. The wind-driven Virginia Water transport past Cape Hatteras may markedly reduce the temperature and salinity, and accelerate the freshwater exchange. The runoff from the watershed north of Cape Hatteras, when driven south by northerly winds, especially during the peak period in early spring, has a much greater influence on the circulation in Raleigh and Onslow Bays that does that from the adjacent rivers south of Cape Hatteras. Meanders in the Gulf Stream may renew the shelf waters with warm, saline water. Intrusion of subsurface Caribbean Water on to the outer part of the shelf takes place most frequently during the late summer following a period of southerly winds. It is postulated that during the cold part of the year when the surface layers are only partly stratified, such an intrusion may lead to upwelling near the shelf break. Cascading from the shelf down the slope may occur during the cold season following periods of low air temperature. Intrusion of subsurface water replenishes nutrients in the area, while cascading reduces the available supply of nutrients.
Is enhanced bank prestige a possible motive for bank mergers

Abstract Most financial researchers utilize the shareholder wealth maximization model to explain corporate managerial behavior. It is empirically demonstrated that such a model cannot explain the degree of merger activity by banks—regulated entities— during a recent period. Empirical results suggest, however, that there is a link between degree of bank merger activity and bank prestige. Perhaps financial researchers could improve their explanatory models by incorporating “social wealth” factors along with “economic wealth” factors.
DNA and RNA Derivatives to Optimize Distribution and Delivery

Synthetic, complementary DNA single strands and short interfering RNA double strands have been found to inhibit the expression of animal, plant, and viral genes in cells, animals, and patients, in a dose dependent and sequence specific manner. DNAs and RNAs, however, are readily digested in biological systems. Hence, chemists are obliged to design and synthesize nuclease-resistant analogs of normal DNA (Fig. 1).
Family wages: The roles of wives and mothers in U.S. working-class survival strategies, 1880–1930

The common image of a female wage earner in the U.S. in the decades around the turn of the 20th century is that of a young, single woman: the daughter of her family. However, the wives and mothers of these families also made important economic contributions to their families' economies. This paper argues that we need to rethink our evaluation of the economic roles played by ever-married women in working-class families. Using a range of government reports as well as IPUMS, I document three ways in which working-class wives and mothers strove to bring cash into their family units: through formal workforce participation; through home work of various sorts; and through selling subsistence, providing in-home services to nonfamily members in exchange for cash. Unlike earlier works which focused on single locations or ethnic or racial groups or female occupations, I tell a national story of ever-married women's cash-producing work. Working-class wives and mothers filled in the economic gaps existing in the inter...
The Effect of Gaps on the Impact Response of a Cask Closure Lid

During an impact event, gaps between the various components of a spent fuel transportation cask may create secondary impacts that result in higher dynamic loads than would have occurred if the gaps had not been present. A condition of particular interest is the gap that may exist between the cask internal contents (fuel assemblies) and cask closure lid, and the effect this gap may have on amplifying the response of the closure lid during an impact. Through the use of a simple dynamic model this paper investigates the effect of a secondary impact due to a gap between the cask internals and the cask closure lid on the response of the closure lid during a 30 foot end drop. The dynamic model consists of five components: (1) The equivalent mass of the internal contents, (2) the gap between the contents and cask lid, (3) the stiffness of the cask lid, assumed to be a simply supported circular plate, (4) the equivalent mass of the lid and finally, (5) an impact limiter that applies a constant deceleration force to the cask overpack during impact. In addition, the dynamic model assumes elastic behavior. This is consistent with the Standard Review Plan (NUREG-1617), which recommends that the closure lid bolts and closure lid system within the region of the lid bolts remain elastic in order to demonstrate leak-tightness by finite element analysis. The response results are presented in terms of the Dynamic Load Factor (DLF) for the closure lid. Response is shown to be a nonlinear function of the impact limiter deceleration, gap size and closure lid diameter, thickness and inertial properties. These results provide valuable insights into the parameters that affect response and show the conditions under which gaps of sufficient size may significantly influence response.