cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Novel Reconfigurable Mini-Maze Antenna for Multi-Service Wireless Universal Receiver Using RF MEMS

A 75% size reduction of a previously designed maze antenna has been achieved. The newly developed minimaze compact antenna has been designed based on fractal structures and utilizes MEMS switches for reconfiguration. Utilization of the maze antenna structure symmetry has led to a significant reduction of the number of MEMS required for reconfiguration. In this paper, we utilize only two SPST switches to hop over three distinct wireless frequency bands. Modeled and measured results of the newly developed structure, including the effects of the switching elements and its feeding circuits, will be presented here in detail.
Predictors of stethoscope contamination following a standardized physical exam

The relative contribution of stethoscopes in microbial cross-transmission in comparison to the examiners’ hands has not been well described. The aim of this study is to compare stethoscope versus hand contamination following a physical exam and identify predictors of stethoscope contamination.
Microscopic calculation of macroscopic dispersion energy

On the basis of the Drude model, the dispersion energy of an arbitrary distribution of arbitrary molecules is calculated in general order of perturbation. The poles arising in a nondiagonalized treatment of identical dipole oscillators cancel on account of the conservation law for level centers, so that an always finite expression is left. By substituting the polarizabilities of the molecules for the frequency denominators, the dispersion energy becomes an integral over products of these polarizabilities at imaginary frequencies. The dispersion energy between two ensembles A and B of molecules, i.e. two solid bodies A and B, is obtained by adding up the fields induced within these ensembles to macroscopic screened induction fields.
A case study: Using architectural features to improve sophisticated denial-of-service attack detections

Application features such as port numbers are used by Network-based Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs) to detect attacks coming from networks. System calls and the operating system related information are used by Host-based Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDSs) to detect intrusions towards a host. However, the relationship between hardware architecture events and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks has not been well revealed. When increasingly sophisticated intrusions emerge, some attacks are able to bypass both the application and the operating system level feature monitors. Therefore, a more effective solution is required to enhance existing HIDSs. In this paper, we identify the following hardware architecture features: Instruction Count, Cache Miss, Bus Traffic and integrate them into a novel HIDS framework based on a modern statistical Gradient Boosting Trees model. Through the integration of application, operating system and architecture level features, our proposed HIDS demonstrates a significant improvement of the detection rate in terms of sophisticated DoS intrusions.
Limited tumor infiltration by activated T effector cells restricts the therapeutic activity of regulatory T cell depletion against established melanoma

Interference with inhibitory immunological checkpoints controlling T cell activation provides new opportunities to augment cancer immunotherapies. Whereas cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen-4 blockade has shown promising preclinical and clinical results, therapeutic CD4+CD25+ T reg cell depletion has failed to consistently enhance immune-based therapies. Using B16/BL6, a transplantable murine melanoma model, we show a dichotomy between the effects of T reg cell depletion on tumor rejection dependent on whether depletion occurs before (prophylactic) or after (therapeutic) tumor engraftment. Failure to promote rejection with therapeutic depletion is not related to lack of T reg cell depletion, to elimination of CD25+ effector T cells, or to a failure to enhance systemic antitumor T cell responses, but correlates with failure of effector cells to infiltrate the tumor and increase the intratumor ratio of effector T cell/T reg cell. Finally, systemic antitumor responses generated upon therapeutic T reg cell depletion are significantly stronger than those generated in the presence of T reg cells, and are capable of eliciting rejection of established tumors after transfer into immunoablated recipients receiving combination immunotherapy. The data demonstrate a dissociation between measurable systemic responses and tumor rejection during CD25-directed T reg cell depletion, and suggest an alternative, clinically applicable strategy for the treatment of established tumors.
Creating a New Curriculum to Prepare Public Administrators to Effectively Manage Public Works Programs: A Response to Gordon, Little, and Grigg

Public infrastructure is the foundation of modern civilization, and may be the most significant factor in the quality of life for developed and developing nations everywhere. The debate about how to prepare professionals to meet the challenge of adequately managing the public infrastructure has existed at least since the earliest infrastructure was built by the Romans. Over the past 50 years, the public works profession has unsuccessfully attempted to create a system of formal educational programs in colleges and universities across the United States. In recent Public Works Management& Policy issues, Little and others have made compelling arguments for renewing efforts to create an educational curriculum that can provide public administrators and engineers with the skills to protect the public’s investment in public infrastructure. The messages from Gordon, Little, and Grigg should be a wake-up call to both the profession and to educational institutions concerning this unmet need.
Monitoring Feeding Tube Placement

The purpose of this literature review is to describe currently available bedside methods to determine feeding tube placement. Described first are methods used at the time of blind insertion to distinguish between gastric and respiratory placement and gastric and small-bowel placement. Discussed next are methods used after feedings are initiated to determine if the tube has remained in the desired position in the gastrointestinal tract. Some of the methods are research-based, whereas others are opinion-based. The level of accuracy of the methods discussed in the review varies widely. No sure non-radiographic method exists to differentiate between respiratory, esophageal, gastric, and small bowel placement of blindly inserted feeding tubes in the fed or unfed state. However, a combination of some of the simpler and more accurate methods may be used to guide feeding tube placement during insertion and help identify the point at which an abdominal radiograph is most likely to confirm the desired location. In addition, methods described in this review can help determine when a radiograph is needed to confirm that a feeding tube has remained in the correct position after the initiation of feedings. Minimizing the number of radiographs taken to assure correct tube placement is important, especially in young children and in the critical care setting where the need for radiographs for other reasons is common.
Estimation of size of hidden layer on basis of bound of generalization error

For the class of functions with regularity expressed in terms of its Fourier transform, a simple algorithm is suggested for estimation of the size of single hidden layer feedforward neural network for approximating a function from the given class. We applied this algorithm to the architecture of the single hidden layer neural network, namely the random version of the functional-link net (FLN). Discussion of generalization capabilities of the FLN is presented. The algorithm is based on the bound, derived by Barren (1993), for the mean integrated squared error between the network estimate and the target function. It determines the estimate of the minimal number of nodes sufficient to guarantee that the error be less than a prescribed level, if this level of error is achievable for the given training data. In the opposite case the algorithm finds estimate of the size of the network which guarantees that the error be within a small interval containing the minimal achievable value of the error. An iterative procedure of the algorithm allows one to avoid the need for involved calculations of the constants contained in the bound.
Entrepreneurship, finance and employment

Despite the vast existing literature on entrepreneurship, much remains to be learned. This special issue starts with a review article surveying the previous studies on entrepreneurship and macroeconomics. It then moves to empirical papers that use various data sets to ask key questions about entrepreneurship such as: how do new entrepreneurs start a business? How do entrepreneurs manage risk by choosing both their legal organization and their portfolios, and how high are the returns compensating for such risks? Are some entrepreneurs discriminated against because of their race? Does financial market deregulation relax the entrepreneurs’ borrowing constraints?
Density of eosinophils reflects activity of disease in allergic asthmatic children

Summary Background Low density eosinophils are more prominent in asthmatic patients compared with healthy subjects, LDH are metabolically more active and produce more tissue-injuring and spasmogenic proteins than normal cosinophils. Objective and methid With a method providing information about eosinophils of 12 different densities we were able to study eosinophil density characierislics in 24 young patients in detail with allergic asthma in a stable phase, and in 21 patients after a bronchial allergen challenge. Results Study of the eosinophil density profile of patients and healthy controls revealed two density populations. Patients had more low density eosinophils than controls. In the patients eosinophil density characteristics and in particular the number of low density eosinophils correlated strongly with both FEV1% predicted (ρ=−0.66, P < 0.001) and REV1/FVC (ρ=−0.47, P < 0.01) as well as with bronchial responsiveness to histamine (ρ=−0.68, P < 0.001) and house dust mite (ρ=−0.37, P < 0.05). Allergen induced bronchial reactions were associated with an increase in the number (P < 0.001) and percentage (P < 0.05) of low density eosinophils. A selective rise in the number of eosinophils collected from fractions with a low density accounted for the observed rise in the total number of eosinophils, Density changes did not differ between patients with an isolated early reaction and patients with both an early and a late reaction, nor was there a relation between the severity of the late reaction and the shift in eosinophil density. Conclusion In conclusion, peripheral blood eosinophil density characteristics and in particular numbers of low density eosinophils are closely related with indicators of the asthma severity under stable conditions. Allergen inhalation induces a further shift towards lower density suggesting additional activation of the eosinophils.
Relative kindling effect of readmissions in alcoholics.

To determine if there is an increase in the risk of seizure activity when patients experience recurrent alcohol detoxification, the histories of 360 alcoholics who had at least two admissions for alcohol detoxification, between November 1987 and August 1992, were reviewed retrospectively. All subjects were treated with tapering doses of chlordiazepoxide as required, to control symptoms/signs of alcohol withdrawal. Subjects with a seizure history were prophylactically treated with tapering doses of chlordiazepoxide. No seizures were observed during detoxification in any of these subjects. In this group of readmitted subjects, there was no correlation between self-reported duration of alcohol consumption or average daily intake of alcohol. A significant correlation was observed between seizure history and number of detoxificatio n admissions and neurological admissions, but not for other medical/surgical admissions, nor for admissions for rehabilitation At the time of initial admission, laboratory parameters did not distinguish those subjects with seizures from those without. At the time of readmission, mean corpuscular volume and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, both markers of alcohol consumption, were higher in the group with seizures.
Experience Informs Spanning Three Decades with the Neuman Systems Model

The efficacy of the Neuman systems model as a guiding framework for curriculum development of a baccalaureate program is examined. Insights from lessons learned provide directions for nursing theory-based curriculum change and program development. Challenges and opportunities during curriculum development are explored. Recommendations and strategies that contribute to consensus building are reported.
Limits on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon interactions from the cryogenic dark matter search

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) is an experiment to detect weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which may constitute the universe’s dark matter, based on their interactions with Ge and Si nuclei. We report the results of an analysis of data from the first two runs of CDMS at the Soudan Underground Laboratory in terms of spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon interactions on 73 Ge and 29 Si. These data exclude new regions of WIMP parameter space, including regions relevant to spin-dependent interpretations of the annual modulation signal reported by the DAMA/NaI experiment.
Mapping posttranscriptional regulation of the human glycome uncovers microRNA defining the glycocode

Cell surface glycans form a critical interface with the biological milieu, informing diverse processes from the inflammatory cascade to cellular migration. Assembly of discrete carbohydrate structures requires the coordinated activity of a repertoire of proteins, including glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. Little is known about the regulatory networks controlling this complex biosynthetic process. Recent work points to a role for microRNA (miRNA) in the regulation of specific glycan biosynthetic enzymes. Herein we take a unique systems-based approach to identify connections between miRNA and the glycome. By using our glycomic analysis platform, lectin microarrays, we identify glycosylation signatures in the NCI-60 cell panel that point to the glycome as a direct output of genomic information flow. Integrating our glycomic dataset with miRNA data, we map miRNA regulators onto genes in glycan biosynthetic pathways (glycogenes) that generate the observed glycan structures. We validate three of these predicted miRNA/glycogene regulatory networks: high mannose, fucose, and terminal β-GalNAc, identifying miRNA regulation that would not have been observed by traditional bioinformatic methods. Overall, our work reveals critical nodes in the global glycosylation network accessible to miRNA regulation, providing a bridge between miRNA-mediated control of cell phenotype and the glycome.
Geometric Separator for d-dimensional ball graphs

We study the graph partitioning problem on ddimensional ball graphs in a geometric way. Let B be a set of balls in d-dimensional Euclidean space with radius ratio ! and " -precision. We prove that it can be partitioned into three sets BS,BI,BE such that the intersection of BI and BE is empty, and for some constant # , the volume of BI and BE is less than # portion of volume of B, and the volume of BS is of size O($ /" ,(µ(B)) 1" 1 d), where µ(B) is the volume of B. We also provide a randomized algorithm to find such a partition in linear time.
The Third English Civil War: David Peace's "Occult History" of Thatcherism

political questions. It explores GB84's representation of the cruel paradoxes of government in the Orwellian year of 1984?a critical moment in Britain's transition between welfare-corporatist and neoliberal versions of statehood, when Thatcherism's character istic oscillation between liberal and authoritarian modes was espe cially visible. What GB84 does, in its poetic but brutal way, is work at the contradiction in what Stuart Hall dubbed Thatcher's "authoritar ian populism"?that is, the way that while Thatcherism represented itself as antistatist "for the purposes of populist mobilization," it nonetheless remained "highly state-centralist" in its orientation toward power ("Authoritarian Populism" 117). GB84 deals with this history, I suggest, by showing us a world full of political combat but bereft of meaningful parliamentary activity It therefore presents the miners' strike as a betrayal of the political agonism that, in the lan guage that Chantai Mouffe has appropriated from Carl Schmitt, is the best guarantee that violent conflict does not overwhelm the plu ralist values and institutions of democratic states like the United
1.x-Way architecture-implementation mapping

A new architecture-implementation mapping approach, 1.x-way mapping, is presented to address architecture-implementation conformance. It targets maintaining conformance of structure and behavior, providing a solution to architecture changes, and protecting architecture-prescribed code from being manually changed. Technologies developed in this work include deep separation of generated and non-generated code, an architecture change model, architecture-based code regeneration, and architecture change notification.
Aqueous Vernomia amygdalina extracts alter MCF-7 cell membrane permeability and efflux.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths of women in the United States. Several treatment strategies have been developed over the past decade to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality rates. While mortality rates have declined in some ethnic populations, the overall cancer incidence continues to grow. Hence, chemotherapeutic agents are needed to improve cancer treatment outcome. Previous studies show that low concentrations (microgram/ml) of water-soluble leaf extracts of a Nigerian edible plant, V. amygdalina (VA), potently retard the proliferative activities of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) human breast cancerous cells (MCF-7) cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent fashion. The anti-proliferative activities of VA are extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERKs 1/2)-dependent. Cell culture and animal model studies, conducted by other investigators using other plant extracts, have also revealed that plant extract components called thionins may be responsible for their anticancer activities. These thionins are believed to interact with the cells in ways that compromise membrane potential/permeability resulting in the alteration of efflux, cytosolic activities, and subsequent cell death. Therefore, we hypothesized that VA exposure may compromise cell membrane as another mode of action to elicit its anticancer activities in MCF-7 cells. The exposure of cells to VA decreased [3H]thymidine uptake in a concentration-dependent (0, 30, and 100 μg/ml VA) manner (p < 0.05) but increased [3H]thymidine release, expressed as percent of [3H]thymidine incorporated, into the medium (p < 0.05). The amount of [3H]thymidine released into the medium was 1.7, 7.4, and 11.0 % for 0, 30, and 100 μg/ml VA respectively. Thus suggesting the membranes in VA-treated cells were compromised in a concentration-dependent fashion.
Effect of the fine-scale structure of pheromone plumes: pulse frequency modulates activation and upwind flight of almond moth males.

. The effects of plume intermittency and volume on behavioural and flight responses to pheromone of male Cadra cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Phycitinae) were investigated in a pulling wind tunnel. The fine-scale structure of turbulent pheromone plumes was mimicked and manipulated using a pulser device that generated continuous ribbon plumes or intermittent plumes with defined pulse frequency and volume. As pulse frequency increased from 0.6 to 5 Hz and injected volume increased from 0.5 to 5 mls-1, males flew progressively higher air and ground speeds, turned less frequently, and steered smaller course angles, resulting in straighter flight tracks. The faster the frequency of pulses and the greater the volume of the plume, the higher the proportion of males responding, the shorter their latencies, and the less time spent in the behaviour. Flight tracks of male C.cautella to point sources of pheromone depend on the frequency of filaments encountered.
Abstract PL06-02: Interventions to increase accrual to cancer therapeutic trials: What do we know? What do we need to know?

Certain populations are often underrepresented in NCI-funded cancer clinical trials, namely racial/ethnic minorities, older adults, adolescents, populations who are geographically isolated, and populations of low socioeconomic status. Since 1993, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has required that all sponsored clinical trials ensure that women and members of minorities and their subpopulations be included in all human subjects research. The NIH has sponsored several efforts to recruit women and minorities into cancer clinical trials and other types of studies. However, more than fifteen years following the institution of this NIH requirement, enrollment of vulnerable populations into cancer clinical trials remains inadequate. The purpose of this study is to report on the evidence related to interventions designed to increase accrual to cancer clinical trials. An updated systematic review of the literature was conducted to determine the barriers to and promoters of participation among vulnerable populations in cancer prevention or treatment trials. This review revealed much heterogeneity in the studies9 designs. We will review the evidence on methods used to study intervention strategies, and discuss opportunities for improving designs of studies whose goals are to test these intervention strategies to increase minority recruitment to cancer-related trials. We will also discuss issues associated with recruitment at multiple levels - the individual, provider, and institutional.
An Approach for Nonlinear Uncertainty Propagation: Application to Orbital Mechanics

An approach for nonlinear propagation of orbit uncertainties is discussed while making use of the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov Equation (FPKE). The central idea is to replace evolution of initial conditions for a dynamical system with the evolution of a probability density function (pdf) for state variables. The transition pdf corresponding to dynamical system state vector is approximated by using a nite Gaussian mixture model. The mean and covariance of dierent components of the Gaussian mixture model are propagated through the use of an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). Furthermore, the unknown amplitudes corresponding to dierent components of the Gaussian mixture model are found by minimizing the FPKE error over the entire volume of interest. This leads to a convex quadratic minimization problem guaranteed to have a unique solution. The two-body problem model with non-conservative atmospheric drag forces and initial uncertainty will be used to show the ecacy of the ideas developed in this paper.
Inactivation and lysis of oncornaviruses by human and primate complement.

Oncornavirus genomes, viral antigens and infectious viruses have been shown to be present in malignant and normal tissues and sera of many animal species including avian, murine, feline, bovine, ovine and recently primates by molecular hybridization, immunologically and by virus isolations. To date, there is no clear evidence of isolation or the presence of oncornaviruses in man. The long history of failures to isolate oncornaviruses from human leukemias and sarcomas, indicates that these viruses do not play a prominent role in these malignancies. Although oncornaviruses are antigenic in man, at least Rauscher murine leukemia virus, antibodies to viral antigens, have only infrequently been found in serum of patients with leukemias and in normal individuals. However, as many negative results have been reported, using same techniques for antibodies detection i.e., radio immuno assays.
Preparation Carbon Nanofibers and Characterization

Carbon nanofibers(CNFs) were prepared by the stabilization and carbonization of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) nanofibers which were obtained by electrostatic spinning technique.The carbon nanofibers under different temperatures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,FT-IR,XRD,Raman,respectively.The activation of the surface of CNFs and several of functional groups growth on CNFs were obtained.
Effect of distinctive feature pretraining in phoneme discrimination learning.

Distinctive stimuli pretraining procedures were used to teach difficult sound discrimination contrasts to first and second grade children. The subjects first learned an easy discrimination and then...
TU-FG-204-03: An Overview of the CT Protocol Optimization Team at The University of Washington

The role of a medical physicist involved with clinical CT activities is changing rapidly. No longer is the physicist responsible for simply ensuring scanner QA. This shift is evident by looking at the trend to regulate more and more aspects of what activities must be performed to keep a CT practice within compliance. In this symposium, new guidelines from the ACR, Joint Commission, and several states will be addressed. An overview of these regulations will be provided. Then, three speakers will provide an in-depth account of how their CT protocol Optimization team functions. Lastly, a representative from the Joint Commission will provide recent surveyor education, experience, and trend information. Learning Objectives: 1.Understand the ACR, Joint Commission, and aspects of several state regulations/guidelines related to the clinical practice of CT. 2.Learn how a CT protocol optimization is organized and what tasks physicists perform from the perspective of four different institutions. T. Szczykutowicz, TPS provides CT protocols to GE Healthcare under a license agreement. TPS receives grant support from GE Healthcare.
Are There Stages of Development with a New Group

The stages of development and group process are not the same. Stages of development are the changes that your group progresses through as it develops over time. Group process is present throughout all stages of a group’s development. Every single part of group process must be interwoven throughout your entire group program. The stages of development should engage every single aspect of group process: cohesive interaction, the stages of adjustment for change, intrinsic motivation, rebuilding self-efficacy, and the 11 therapeutic factors of therapy. If your group does not achieve a degree of positive group cohesion, the chances are slim that you will actually fulfill each of the stages of development. Most groups without cohesion bog down in frustration and failure. Interaction is essential, from beginning to end, if you want your prevention program to be successful. Without interaction, you do not have a group prevention program. The training session for this chapter gives two case studies and shows how to develop a new group program.
Theoretical models for diffusion in glassy polymers

A model is derived which incorporates and unifies many of the diverse observations occurring in diffusion in glassy polymers. This unification is made possible by explicitly formulating the common property of a glassy polymer in all its various modes, namely the finite relaxation time due to its slow response to changing conditions. The application and use of the model in various situations is discussed.
Advanced Normalization Tools for Cardiac Motion Correction

We present our submission to the STACOM 2014 MoCo challenge for motion correction of dynamic contrast myocardial perfusion MRI. Our submission is based on the publicly available Advanced Normalization Tools (ANTs) specifically tailored for this problem domain. We provide a brief description with actual code calls to facilitate reproducibility. Time plots and \(K^{trans}\) values, based on the validation methodology of [11], are also provided to determine clinically relevant performance levels.
Temporal Lobe Volume Decrements in Psychosis Spectrum Youths

Structural brain abnormalities have been amply demonstrated in schizophrenia. These include volume decrements in the perirhinal/entorhinal regions of the ventromedial temporal lobe, which comprise the primary olfactory cortex. Olfactory impairments, which are a hallmark of schizophrenia, precede the onset of illness, distinguish adolescents experiencing prodromal symptoms from healthy youths, and may predict the transition from the prodrome to frank psychosis. We therefore examined temporal lobe regional volumes in a large adolescent sample to determine if structural deficits in ventromedial temporal lobe areas were associated, not only with schizophrenia, but also with a heightened risk for psychosis. Seven temporal lobe regional volumes (amygdala [AM], hippocampus, inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, and entorhinal cortex [EC]) were measured in 386 psychosis spectrum adolescents, 521 adolescents with other types of psychopathology, and 359 healthy adolescents from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopment Cohort. Total intracranial and left EC volumes, which were both smallest among the psychosis spectrum, were the only measures that distinguished all 3 groups. Left AM was also smaller in psychosis spectrum compared with healthy subjects. EC volume decrement was strongly correlated with impaired cognition and less robustly associated with heightened negative/disorganized symptoms. AM volume decrement correlated with positive symptoms (persecution/special abilities). Temporal lobe volumes classified psychosis spectrum youths with very high specificity but relatively low sensitivity. These MRI measures may therefore serve as important confirmatory biomarkers denoting a worrisome preclinical trajectory among at-risk youths, and the specific pattern of deficits may predict specific symptom profiles.
On minimum time and fuel orbital transfer

Orbital transfer of maneuverable spacecraft with limited thrust capability, discussing motion equations and optimization problem
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prostate Cancer Assessment

In the early days of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it was used strictly as a staging tool for biopsy-proven prostate cancers prior to surgery. It was not until the late 1990s that the potential of MRI to localize tumors within the prostate was recognized. In the last decade, MRI has evolved to include a combination of anatomical and functional MR sequences, creating the so-called multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). When used in combination with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) for MRI-fusion-guided targeted biopsies, this method has shown higher detection of clinically significant cancers and reduced detection of clinically insignificant cancers in patients after a prior negative systematic TRUS-guided biopsy. These promising results have led to increased application of mpMRI in the management of patients suspected of prostate cancer after negative systematic biopsies and in defining candidates for active surveillance.
Automatic Quantification of the Veracity of Suicidal Ideation in Counseling Transcripts

Crisis intervention and suicide prevention organizations have saved lives through the use of their phone, instant messaging, and text massaging intervention services. With the increased use of social media and internet-based chat, many people post about their suicidal ideation on websites like Twitter and Facebook. Our study aims to contribute to the literature of identifying suicidal ideation in text by using a corpus of publicly available counseling transcripts from Alexander Street categorized by symptom, applying sentiment analysis with the help of Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) Receptiviti Application Programming Interface, and performing experiments to predict if a transcript describes a suicidal patient based on sentiment analysis data. Our initial results appear promising, and we hope this research can be used in conjunction with those analyzing social media text to improve the efforts of technology-based suicide prevention.
The Language of Feeling and the Feeling of Anxiety: Contributions of the Behaviorisms Toward Understanding The Function-Altering Effects of Language

This article presents a review and critical analysis of the verbal basis of emotional phenomena from two behavioral perspectives: Paradigmatic Behaviorism (Pb) and Radical Behaviorism (Rb). Pb has explained the acquisition of verbal-emotive functions from a respondent semantic conditioning perspective, whereas Rb describes similar emotive functions from an operant perspective. Both approaches, however, have remained largely adversarial. The basis for this adversarial relationship stems largely from different and yet related behavioral traditions. This review attempts to provide some points of synthesis between both behaviorisms by highlighting their commonalities, limitations, and differences in the context of understanding anxiety-related phenomena. Both positions maintain that language behavior is at the core of an adequate account of emotional phenomena in humans. Each position has also addressed how people come to know their feelings, the functions that emotions serve, and how they can be changed or modified in therapy. Some avenues for synthesis are suggested that span experimental, conceptual, and therapeutic areas. We conclude that differences between Pb and Rb are far outweighed by their respective contributions toward addressing how people come to know their feelings and how emotional dysfunction can be changed in language-based cognitive-behavioral therapies.
On the Use of a Damage-Specific DNA Binding Protein to Probe Lesions in DNA

I never really intended to study a DNA-binding protein at all. I originally set out to purify a pyrimidine dimer-specific endonuclease from human cells, but when the fractions were all collected what I found myself with was a DNA binding protein which bound UV-irradiated, but not nonirradiated, double-stranded DNA. To my surprise, I found that the protein bound perfectly well to photo-reactivated UV-DNA, which indicated that it was recognizing some lesion other than the pyrimidine dimerl. This conclusion was confirmed by studies on the photochemistry of damage introduction. Irradiation of DNA with 313nm light in the presence of acetophenone, a treatment which should result only in triplet state thymine-derived photoproducts (e.g. thymine dimers), yielded essentially no protein-recognizable damage. However, irradiation of either DNA or poly d(A-T) in the presence of acetone, whose triplet state is sufficiently energetic to give energy transfer to all four bases, did give a substrate for the binding protein2. These data seemed to suggest that the protein was recognizing a triplet state-derived adenine (or purine) photoproduct. Life, alas, is never quite that simple.
You Don’t Have to Live Like a Refugee: Consumer Culture at the Nineteenth-Century Refugee Village at Tikal, Guatemala

In the mid-nineteenth century Maya refugees fleeing the violence of the Caste War of Yucatan (1847–1901) briefly reoccupied the ancient ruins of Tikal. Unlike the numerous Yucatec refugee communities established to the east in British Honduras, those who settled at Tikal combined with Lacandon Maya, and later Ladinos from Lake Peten-Itza to form a multiethnic village in the sparsely occupied Peten jungle of northern Guatemala. This chapter discusses the analysis of the mass-produced nineteenth century consumer goods found at Tikal. The historic inhabitants of Tikal were well connected to exchange networks of the societies encircling the Peten, reaching the world through the global markets emanating from nearby British Honduras. This small village was poised to renegotiate social and economic relationships with peripheral societies from deep within the frontier zone and may be demonstrating consumer behavior observed in refugee populations in the modern era.
Single-cell analyses demonstrate that a heme–GATA1 feedback loop regulates red cell differentiation

Erythropoiesis is the complex, dynamic, and tightly regulated process that generates all mature red blood cells. To understand this process, we mapped the developmental trajectories of progenitors from wild-type, erythropoietin-treated, and Flvcr1-deleted mice at single-cell resolution. Importantly, we linked the quantity of each cell’s surface proteins to its total transcriptome, which is a novel method. Deletion of Flvcr1 results in high levels of intracellular heme, allowing us to identify heme-regulated circuitry. Our studies demonstrate that in early erythroid cells (CD71+Ter119neg-lo), heme increases ribosomal protein transcripts, suggesting that heme, in addition to upregulating globin transcription and translation, guarantees ample ribosomes for globin synthesis. In later erythroid cells (CD71+Ter119lo-hi), heme decreases GATA1, GATA1-target gene, and mitotic spindle gene expression. These changes occur quickly. For example, in confirmatory studies using human marrow erythroid cells, ribosomal protein transcripts and proteins increase, and GATA1 transcript and protein decrease, within 15 to 30 minutes of amplifying endogenous heme synthesis with aminolevulinic acid. Because GATA1 initiates heme synthesis, GATA1 and heme together direct red cell maturation, and heme stops GATA1 synthesis, our observations reveal a GATA1–heme autoregulatory loop and implicate GATA1 and heme as the comaster regulators of the normal erythroid differentiation program. In addition, as excessive heme could amplify ribosomal protein imbalance, prematurely lower GATA1, and impede mitosis, these data may help explain the ineffective (early termination of) erythropoiesis in Diamond Blackfan anemia and del(5q) myelodysplasia, disorders with excessive heme in colony-forming unit-erythroid/proerythroblasts, explain why these anemias are macrocytic, and show why children with GATA1 mutations have DBA-like clinical phenotypes.
On a Micromechanical Basis of Stochastic Constitutive Laws

A procedure for derivation of stochastic constitutive laws is outlined on the basis of graph-representable linear elastic microstructures. Central to the procedure is the concept of a scale dependent representative volume element, which leads to two response tensors convergent from above and below to the effective moduli of an infinite microstructure. In a given boundary value problem these response tensors are to be used to bound the effective solution at a given scale of resolution.
Isoelastic PEEK Implants for Total Joint Replacement

Abstract For many years, the pursuit of isoelastic hip implants has been a Holy Grail for implant designers. The quest for isoelasticity has been fraught with setbacks for hip stems. Today, isoelastic hip implants are a clinical reality, but it must be emphasized that they required decades of development and remain in the intermediate stages of clinical evaluation. Polymer composites, including composites fabricated using polyetheretherketone (PEEK), have been instrumental in achieving the goal of isoelasticity in orthopedic prostheses. This chapter summarizes the historical development of isoelastic prostheses for total joint replacement. The initial setbacks encountered with early polymer-metal composites are reviewed to provide the historical context for modern hip stems. The development and clinical history of the Epoch femoral stems, a pioneering implant of this class, is summarized, along with other PEEK stem designs. In addition to hip stems, the principles of isoelasticity can also be extended to other orthopedic implant designs. This chapter includes an example of an innovative carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (CFR-PEEK), compliant acetabular component, engineered around the concept of pelvic isoelasticity.
Old Media, New Narratives: Repurposing Inconvenient Artifacts for the National Museum of Qatar

In 1959, a Danish anthropological expedition to Qatar created hundreds of photographs and a 16-minute film depicting the diversity of Qatari lifestyles, which included strong evidence of a Bedouin ...
Robustness of the Quadratic Antiparticle Filter forRobot Localization

Robot localization using odometry and feature measurementsis a nonlinear estimation problem. An efficient solutionis found using the extended Kalman filter, EKF. The EKFhowever suffers from diverge ...
Insurance Coverage Type Impacts Hospitalization Patterns Among Patients with Hepatopancreatic Malignancies.

Disparities in health and healthcare access remain a major problem in the USA. The current study sought to investigate the relationship between patient insurance status and hospital selection for surgical care. Patients who underwent liver or pancreatic resection for cancer between 2004 and 2014 were identified in the National Inpatient Sample. The association of insurance status and hospital type was examined. In total, 22,254 patients were included in the study. Compared with patients with private insurance, Medicaid patients were less likely to undergo surgery at urban non-teaching hospitals (OR = 0.36, 95%CI 0.22–0.59) and urban teaching hospitals (OR = 0.54, 95%CI 0.34–0.84) than rural hospitals. Medicaid patients were less likely to undergo surgery at private investor-owned hospitals (OR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.38–0.73) than private non-profit hospitals. In contrast, uninsured patients were 2.2-fold more likely to go to government-funded hospitals rather than private non-profit hospitals (OR = 2.19, 95%CI 1.76–2.71). Insurance status was strongly associated with the type of hospital in which patients underwent surgery for liver and pancreatic cancers. Addressing the reasons for inequitable access to different hospital settings relative to insurance status is essential to ensure that all patients undergoing pancreatic or liver surgery receive high-quality surgical care.
Energetics of porous amorphous low-k SiOCH dielectric films

Abstract The trend toward dimension reduction in electronic devices has driven the research and development of low dielectric constant materials to solve resistance capacitance delays and power consumption issues. Amorphous porous hydrogenated silicon oxycarbides form a class of materials that have even lower dielectric constants than other silicon oxycarbides, achieved by introducing organic functional groups as well as porosity to alter the structure and decrease the density of conventional silica. However, these films tend to decompose to SiO2 during thermal annealing and nano-electronic fabrication processes. This apparent instability leads to the need to investigate how porosity can change the fundamental thermodynamic stability of this class of materials. We used high temperature oxidative molten salt solution calorimetry and cryogenic heat capacity measurements to directly determine enthalpies of formation, heat capacities, and standard entropies of a series of well-characterized porous SiOCH films. Thus, a full thermodynamic dataset has been obtained for these porous low-k films. All of these samples are either found to be unstable or metastable at or even below 298.15 K with respect to their crystalline counterparts and gaseous products. Thus, there appears little chance of forming thermodynamically stable amorphous porous SiOCH films and their persistence in fabrication and use is controlled by kinetic rather than thermodynamic factors.
A thermodynamic basis of plasticity

TheColeman-Noll approach to the thermodynamics of materials is applied to the case of plasticity. The essential constitutive property is that the dependent thermodynamic variables are functions of the deviators of both the stress and strain, but are otherwise independent of time in the same sense as elastic substances. The conclusion is then deduced, from the second law, that for such materials the loading and unloading stress-strain relations must be different; thus the essential feature of plasticity is deduced in a rational way. The second law is also shown to imply a material stability which is formally of theDrucker type.
Evolution of a Student-Centered Biology Class: How Systematically Testing Aspects of Class Structure Has Informed Our Teaching

After years of teaching our large enrollment, nonmajors biology class in a traditional lecture-based manner, we redesigned the class to be student-centered. Inspired by the concept of scientific teaching, we made changes over several years and systematically tested the results by measuring student learning outcomes and attitudes towards learning science. We found that using an extensive amount of Active Learning pedagogies, compared to a moderate amount, increased student content learning and produced a more expert view of science. Since group work was a key component of our class, we also experimented with forming groups. We found that when students were grouped by competence, low-competence students performed best when they were in heterogeneous groups, while mid- and high-competence students performed equally well in heterogeneous and homogeneous groups. We also found that we could proactively form heterogeneous groups by using demographic factors and measures of prior achievement that correlate with competence in biology. Finally, we found that heterogeneous groups were formed when we allowed students to self-select their group. However, students in the self-selected class had lower learning gains compared to students in the demographic class in which the instructor assigned groups. As a result of these studies, we currently teach nonmajors biology as a highly structured class with instructor-formed, heterogeneous groups.
High throughput image labeling on chest computed tomography by deep learning.

When mining image data from PACs or clinical trials or processing large volumes of data without curation, the relevant scans must be identified among irrelevant or redundant data. Only images acquired with appropriate technical factors, patient positioning, and physiological conditions may be applicable to a particular image processing or machine learning task. Automatic labeling is important to make big data mining practical by replacing conventional manual review of every single-image series. Digital imaging and communications in medicine headers usually do not provide all the necessary labels and are sometimes incorrect. We propose an image-based high throughput labeling pipeline using deep learning, aimed at identifying scan direction, scan posture, lung coverage, contrast usage, and breath-hold types. They were posed as different classification problems and some of them involved further segmentation and identification of anatomic landmarks. Images of different view planes were used depending on the specific classification problem. All of our models achieved accuracy >99 % on test set across different tasks using a research database from multicenter clinical trials.
WORK DESIGN IN AN INTEGRATED ROBOT WORK CELL FOR N/C MACHINING

An integrated robot work cell consists of a robot working in conjunction with one or more production machines such that the activities are co-ordinated by a central unit. This paper describes the work design aspects of such a work cell for machining metal parts in small to medium lot sizes. The “before” and “after” approach shows the work design modifications and improvements resulting from robotization.
The Neural Mechanisms Underlying Processing Speed Deficits in Individuals Who Have Sustained a Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study.

Our objective was to determine differences in brain activation during a processing-speed task in individuals with SCI compared to a group of age-matched healthy controls and to a group of older healthy controls. Ten individuals with cervical SCI (C3–C5), 10 age-matched healthy controls and 10 older healthy controls participated in a cross-sectional study in which performance on neuropsychological tests of processing speed and brain activation were the main outcome measures. The brain areas used by the individuals with SCI during the processing-speed task differed significantly from the age-matched healthy controls, but were similar to the older control cohort, and included activation in frontal, parietal and hippocampal areas. This suggests that individuals with SCI may compensate for processing-speed deficits by relying on brain regions that classically support control cognitive processes such as executive control and memory.