cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Use of Internet Resources to Support Prolonged Exposure for Combat-Related PTSD

Abstract In vivo exposure as part of Prolonged Exposure (PE) requires the patient and therapist to generate a list of cues that are reminiscent of the trauma and generative of distress. In contrast to civilian trauma, it can be more challenging to build a robust in vivo hierarchy for a combat-related index trauma. Internet resources such as databases that list casualties from different wars, memorial pages of those who died in theater, and lists of unit association memberships and reunions are useful sources for in vivo hierarchies. These materials can provide opportunities for exposure to additional cues reminiscent of the traumatic event, provide information about the traumatic event that the veteran had been unable to recall, and create opportunities for veterans to reestablish relationships with veteran peers. Case illustrations are provided and reasons for caution are discussed.
ELEVATED END-DIASTOLIC WALL STRESS AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PREDICTS ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES AND LONGER HOSPITAL LENGTH OF STAY

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) leads to myocardial damage with consequent adaptive ventricular remodeling. Prior studies showed myocardial wall stress, a composite determinant of afterload, left ventricular size and wall thickness, as a vital parameter of cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The
Exploring the impact of income and race on survival for women with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing primary debulking surgery at a high-volume center

Abstract Objective To evaluate patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC) undergoing primary debulking surgery (PDS) at a high-volume center (HVC), to determine whether socio-demographic disparities in PDS outcome and overall survival (OS) were present. Methods All patients with stages IIIB-IV high-grade OC undergoing PDS at our institution from 1/2001–12/2013 were identified. Patients self-identified race/ethnicity as non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Asian (A), or Hispanic (H). Income level for the entire cohort was estimated using the census-reported income level for each patient's zip code as a proxy for SES. Main outcome measures were PDS outcome and median OS. Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine differences in OS by racial/ethnic and income category, controlling for selected clinical factors. Results 963 patients were identified for analysis: 855 NHW; 43 A, 34H, 28 NHB, and 3 unknown. PDS outcome was not significantly different among NHB and H as compared to NHW. Compared to NHW, Asians were more likely to have >1cm residual (AOR 2.32, 95%CI 1.1–4.9, p =0.03). Median income for the entire cohort was $85,814 (range $10,926–$231,667). After adjusting for significant prognostic factors, there were no significant differences in PDS outcome between income groups ( p =0.7281). Median OS was 55.1mos (95%CI 51.8–58.5) with no significant differences in OS between the income ( p =0.628) or racial/ethnic ( p =0.615) groups. Conclusion Statistically significant socio-demographic disparities in PDS and survival outcomes were not observed among women with advanced OC treated at this HVC. Increased efforts are needed to centralize care to and increase the diversity of pts treated at HVCs.
Design of the 2 Tesla superconducting solenoid for the Fermilab D0 detector upgrade

A thin superconducting solenoid has been designed for an upgrade to the Fermilab DO detector, one of two major hadron collider detectors at Fermilab. The original design of the DO detector did not incorporate a central magnetic field which necessitates a retrofit within the parameters of the existing tracking volume of the detector. The two layer solenoid coil is indirectly cooled and provides a 2 T magnetic field for a central tracking system. To minimize end effects in this no iron configuration, the conductor width is varied thereby increasing current density at the ends and improving field uniformity. This paper summarizes the results of the conceptual design study for the DO superconducting solenoid.
The interface crack with a contact zone

An analytical method is applied to the contact zone model of the finite length interface crack problem. The results are valid for small contact zone lengths due to “interpenetration” of the crack faces. Qualitative results obtained in [1] are confirmed. Also where possible numerical comparisons are made with the work of Comninou et al. [2, 3, 4, 5] and reasonable agreement is obtained.
KP Equations, Strings, and the Schottky Problem

Publisher Summary The key point of the relationship between the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) theory and the characterization of jacobians of algebraic curves is the fact that the set A consisting of linear ordinary differential operators that commute with a given ordinary differential operator is itself a commutative algebra of transcendence degree 1 over the ground field. To prove the commutativity of A, fractional powers of differential operators are introduced, which are pseudo-differential operators. The chapter explains the algebraic structure of commuting ordinary differential operators and various exact solutions of the KP equation. It provides an overview of KP theory, which has many different roots in the long history of mathematics, solved a problem with another long history, and is now giving new dimensions in both mathematics and physics. The Schottky problem is a problem of finding a good characterization of jacobian varieties. As jacobians form an interesting special class of abelian varieties, historically a characterization always meant a characterization among abelian varieties. A natural approach to this problem is to perform a case study for low-genus jacobians. If the genus g is less than 4, then moduli of jacobians are opening dense in those of abelian varieties and there is no difficulty. The actual problem starts at g = 4. But already genus 5 is hard enough.
Parents' and Youths' Solicitation and Disclosure of Information in Today's Digital Age

Extensive research has identified parental monitoring to be a protective factor for youth. Parental monitoring includes parents’ solicitation of information from their child and the child’s voluntary disclosure of information. In today’s digital society, parental monitoring can occur using technology, such as text messaging, email, and social networking sites. The current study describes parents’ and youths’ communication technology use explicitly to solicit and share information with each other in a sample of 56 parent–youth dyads from the same family (youth were 13 to 25 years old). We also examined associations between in-person parental monitoring, parental monitoring using technology, parental knowledge, and youth substance use initiation. Results revealed great variability in frequency of parental monitoring using technology, with a subgroup of parents and youth reporting doing these behaviors very frequently. Parental monitoring using technology was not associated with greater parental knowledge or youth substance use initiation after controlling for youth age group (adolescent or emerging adult) and gender composition of dyads. However, in-person communication between youth and parents remained an important variable and was positively associated with parental knowledge. Youth workers could empower parents to focus on in-person communication, and not rely solely on communication using technology.
An Automated Approach for Ranking Journals to Help in Clinician Decision Support

Point of care access to knowledge from full text journal articles supports decision-making and decreases medical errors. However, it is an overwhelming task to search through full text journal articles and find quality information needed by clinicians. We developed a method to rate journals for a given clinical topic, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). Our method enables filtering of journals and ranking of journal articles based on source journal in relation to CHF. We also obtained a journal priority score, which automatically rates any journal based on its importance to CHF. Comparing our ranking with data gathered by surveying 169 cardiologists, who publish on CHF, our best Multiple Linear Regression model showed a correlation of 0.880, based on five-fold cross validation. Our ranking system can be extended to other clinical topics.
Rapid Prototyping of a Tunable and Compact Microstrip Antenna by Laser Machining Flexible Copper Tape

Design and rapid prototyping of a tunable and compact microstrip antenna for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band applications is presented in this paper. Laser machining is introduced as a fast and accurate method for the antenna fabrication. The antenna, with an overall dimension of 65×46×0.125 mm, was fabricated by sandwiching a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate, with a dielectric constant of 3.5, between two flexible copper tapes, as the radiative patch and ground plane, respectively. The radiative patch was patterned in a meander configuration, with three slots, demonstrating the capability to reduce the resonant frequency of the microstrip antenna from 2.4 GHz to 900 MHz, without increasing the overall dimension of the antenna. Copper tape, with a thickness of 0.03 mm was selected, not only for its ease of use but also for its flexibility in tuning the antenna response to achieve the exact simulated results during the antenna experiment and eliminating the unavoidable differences between simulation and measurement outputs.
Gigabit Broadband, Interconnection, Propositions and the Challenge of Managing Expectations

How should market and regulatory expectations evolve as broadband access speeds increase toward Gigabit speeds? Because the FCC only increased its benchmark speed for broadband from 4Mbps to 25Mbps in January 2015 and average access speeds are below 20Mbps for most subscribers in the United States, some might think such an inquiry premature. We disagree. Evolving consumer preferences shape the broadband offerings while the regulatory sphere is codifying acceptable behavior of network operators. These consumer expectations and regulatory decisions have the potential to either facilitate or hinder the deployment of an Internet with very high-speed connectivity. This paper explores both technical and policy questions premised on a future in which a significant share of broadband subscribers in all types of markets have access to and are increasingly likely to subscribe to connectivity offerings with access speeds ranging from 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps. This transition will pose significant challenges for balancing expectations about access and end-to-end performance; for expectations about appropriate provisioning for interconnection capacity and other complementary Internet infrastructure and services; for pricing and recovery of shared costs; for performance measurement; and for regulatory policies. Current expectations will need to be more nuanced and allow for more limited expectations regarding the relationship between peak and average data rates and the consistency of performance over time, applications, and Internet destinations. More nuanced expectations will require further enhancements to performance measurement tools.
Exosomes as Markers Of Therapeutic Response In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Objective Exosomes are virus-size (50-100 nm) double membrane-bound microvescicles formed within the endocytic compartments and released into the extracellular space via the fusion of multivescicles bodies with the cell membrane. While all cells release exosomes under physiologic conditions, tumor cells are avid exosome producers. In this study, we isolated exosomes from plasma of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients at diagnosis, during and after chemotherapy and studied their protein and TGF-β1 content. The hypothesis was tested that these exosomal components may serve as biomarkers of response to chemotherapy in AML. Methods Exosome fractions were isolated from plasma by exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G50 columns followed by ultracentrifugation. Exosome protein content was determined and expressed in μg protein/mL plasma. Exosome-associated TGF-β1 was measured by ELISA following exosome sonication/acidification and expressed in pg/exosome protein/mL plasma. Results Exosomes isolated from AML patients’ plasma (n=16) at diagnosis and prior to any treatment had a higher mean protein content (55.2 ± 13.8 μg protein/mL) than those isolated from sera of normal controls (n=7), (13.1 ± 2.4 μg protein/mL, p 2 years after completing consolidation therapy) normalized to the levels which were not different from those of normal controls. Levels of active TGF-β1 carried by exosomes obtained at AML diagnosis were high and then decreased ( p <0.005) following induction chemotherapy. Similar to protein levels, TGF-β1 levels in plasma-derived exosomes were elevated ( p <0.004) during consolidation chemotherapy. In AML patients in long-term remission, TGF-β1 levels carried by exosomes normalized, approaching levels seen in exosomes of normal controls. Conclusions Our results indicate that exosomal protein and TGF-β1 levels in AML plasma could serve as biomarkers of response to chemotherapy and might reflect the presence/absence of residual disease after therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
No Se vende (Not for sale). An anti-gentrification grassroots campaign of Puerto Ricans in Chicago

No Se Vende (Not for Sale) is a grassroots campaign that claims that Puerto Ricans, even those who are renters, are the legitimate owners of Humboldt Park, Chicago. In this assertion, legitimacy and ownership are one and the same, regardless of the legal status of “homeowner”. No Se Vende then contradicts the original meaning that inspired the legal code, property that can be bought and sold which is not based on “use” values. Legality, to some extent, has lost its legitimacy in the eyes of these activists and, therefore, they have decided to claim their rights thought the symbology of language. In this sense, the idea of Puerto Ricans renting in Humboldt Park or simply deciding to stay has become an instrumental right of resistance to the perceived oppression. The campaign has played a key role in the construction of a new sense of legitimacy in the recent housing struggles after the financial housing crisis. This paper employs a single case study through participant observation, ethnography, and Participatory Action Research (PAR). Keywords: renters; owners; gentrification; Puerto Ricans; Chicago; activism; No Se Vende campaign
Hands-On Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Undergraduate Biochemistry Students: Peptide Identification by Ladder Sequencing

Mass spectrometers are ever-increasingly powerful, user-friendly, and affordable. Thus, the addition of mass spectrometry experiments into the undergraduate laboratory curriculum is now both feasib...
Sire Variation in the Severity of the Ham Halo Condition

A study was conducted to examine genetic variation in the ham halo condition. The distal portion of the biceps femoris was sampled by taking cores (2.54-cm diameter) from progeny (n = 1,016) from a Duroc meat quality–focused line. Commission Internationale de l Eclairage (CIE; “International Commission on Illumination”) color-space values (L*, a*, and b*) and myoglobin concentration were measured on the halo (“Halo”) and inside (“Inside”) portion of each core. The Halo portion of the biceps femoris had greater L* and b* and lesser a* and myoglobin content (all P < 0.001) than the Inside portion. Sires with 11 or more progeny were compared. The sire × muscle-location interaction affected (P < 0.001), L*, a*, and myoglobin concentration. Sire progeny groups differed for each trait in both portions of the muscle, but differences in the Halo portion of the muscle were not mirrored in the Inside portion of the muscle. Similarly, sire group affected the magnitude of the difference in L* (P = 1.4 × 10−4) and a* (P = 9.0 × 10−6) between the Halo and Inside portions of the muscle and tended (P = 0.08) to affect myoglobin content. However, the largest sire-group differences were not necessarily seen in the sires with the highest means for these attributes. Thus, selecting for myoglobin concentration, L*, or a* content in the Halo portion of the biceps femoris muscle would be an effective strategy for reducing the severity of the ham halo condition.
Oil price dynamics and airline earnings predictability

Abstract This study examines the effect of oil price dynamics on quarterly earnings and their predictability with a sample of 30 airlines for 1994–2017. First, we document a significantly positive impact of demand-driven oil shocks on airline earnings, suggesting that the revenue effect from shifting air travel demands dominates the cost effect of aviation fuels. Regarding earnings predictability, we find evidence of deterioration in oil-volatile quarters as indicated by both the earnings variability based on common benchmarks and the quality of analyst forecasts issued early in the quarter. We further show that supply-driven oil shocks have a more detrimental impact on earning predictability than demand-driven oil shocks. Finally, we do not find supporting evidence for the possible moderating effect of hedging.
Tuning properties of silver nanoclusters with RNA nanoring assemblies

Combining atomically resolved DNA-templated silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) with nucleic acid nanotechnology opens new exciting possibilities for engineering bioinorganic nanomaterials with uniquely tunable properties. In this unforeseen cooperation, nucleic acids not only drive the formation of AgNCs but also promote their spatial organization in supra-assemblies. In this work, we confirm the feasibility of this approach using programmable RNA rings to control formation and optical properteis of six individual AgNCs. “Red” (λEXC/λEM = 565/623 nm) and “green” (λEXC/λEM = 440/523 nm) emitting AgNCs are templated on cytosine-rich DNA fragments embedded into the RNA rings. Optical properties of the AgNCs formed on the RNA rings are characterized in detail. While all “red” species passively transition to “green” emitters with time, the initial fluorescent properties and relative stabilities of “red” AgNCs can be regulated by altering the relative orientation of AgNCs within the RNA rings. As such, the oxidative stability increases dramatically for AgNC positioned towards the center of the RNA rings rather than facing outward. Overall, our findings expand the existing AgNC fluorescent toolkit while uncovering the complexity of the AgNC electronic structures with the abundance of possibilities for controlling de-excitation processes.
CYP2D6 genotype may moderate measures of brain structure in methamphetamine users

Chronic methamphetamine use is linked to abnormalities in brain structure, which may reflect neurotoxicity related to metabolism of the drug. As the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) enzyme is central to the metabolism of methamphetamine, genotypic variation in its activity may moderate effects of methamphetamine on brain structure and function. This study explored the relationship between CYP2D6 genotype and measures of brain structure and cognition in methamphetamine users. Based on the function of genetic variants, a CYP2D6 activity score was determined in 82 methamphetamine-dependent (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition [DSM-IV] criteria) and 79 healthy-control participants who completed tests of cognitive function (i.e., attention, memory, and executive function); most were also evaluated with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (66 methamphetamine-dependent and 52 controls). The relationship between CYP2D6 activity score and whole brain cortical thickness differed by group (interaction p = 0.024), as increasing CYP2D6 activity was associated with thinner cortical thickness in the methamphetamine users (β = -0.254; p = 0.035), but not in control subjects (β = 0.095; p = 0.52). Interactions between CYP2D6 activity and group were nonsignificant for hippocampal volume (ps > 0.05), but both hippocampi showed trends similar to those observed for cortical thickness (negative relationships in methamphetamine users [ps 0.50]). Methamphetamine users had lower cognitive scores than control subjects (p = 0.007), but there was no interaction between CYP2D6 activity score and group on cognition (p > 0.05). Results suggest that CYP2D6 genotypes linked to higher enzymatic activity may confer risk for methamphetamine-induced deficits in brain structure. The behavioral consequences of these effects are unclear and warrant additional investigation.
The Effect of Language Barriers at Discharge on Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy Outcomes and Healthcare Contact

Objective:Effective delivery of discharge instructions and access to postoperative care play a critical role in outcomes after pediatric surgery. Previous studies in the pediatric emergency departm...
Tribute to Curtis J. Berger

As he did with so many people, Curt Berger touched my life in many different ways. Curt was my teacher, my mentor, my colleague, and my friend. My first exposure to Curt was in the classroom. Although Curt was well known as an expert large-classroom teacher, I feel extremely fortunate that my class, a graduate seminar on Law and Urban Planning that he taught as a visitor at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, had only nine students. I was one of four college juniors with a fledgling interest in urban policy who enrolled in the course. Curt taught us in the same style he used for his large classes, pacing around the tiny seminar room, using a humane, yet rigorous Socratic method, and beginning the first class with his renowned watch trick.
A quasi-static continuum model describing interactions between plasmons and non-absorbing biomolecules

Interactions between the plasmons of noble metal nanoparticles and non-absorbing biomolecules forms the basis of the plasmonic sensors, which have received much attention. Studying these interactions can help to exploit the full potentials of plasmonic sensors in quantification and analysis of biomolecules. Here, a quasi-static continuum model is adopted for this purpose. We present a boundary-element method for computing the optical response of plasmonic particles to the molecular binding events by solving the Poisson equation. The model represents biomolecules with their molecular surfaces, thus accurately accounting for the influence of exact binding conformations as well as structural differences between different proteins on the response of plasmonic nanoparticles. The linear systems arising in the method are solved iteratively with Krylov generalized minimum residual algorithm, and the acceleration is achieved by applying precorrected-Fast Fourier Transformation technique. We apply the developed method to investigate interactions of biotinylated gold nanoparticles (nanosphere and nanorod) with four different types of biotin-binding proteins. The interactions are studied at both ensemble and single-molecule level. Computational results demonstrate the ability of presented model for analyzing realistic nanoparticle-biomolecule configurations. The method can provide comprehensive study for wide variety of applications, including protein structures, monitoring structural and conformational transitions, and quantification of protein concentrations. In addition, it is suitable for design and optimization of the nano-plasmonic sensors.
Gauss sums and Kloosterman sums over residue rings of algebraic integers

Let O denote the ring of integers of an algebraic number field of degree m which is totally and tamely ramified at the prime p. Write ζq = exp(2πi/q), where q = pr. We evaluate the twisted Kloosterman sum ∑ α∈(O/qO)∗ χ(N(α))ζ T (α)+z/N(α) q , where T and N denote trace and norm, and where χ is a Dirichlet character (mod q). This extends results of Salie for m = 1 and of Yangbo Ye for prime m dividing p− 1. Our method is based upon our evaluation of the Gauss sum ∑ α∈(O/qO)∗ χ(N(α))ζ T (α) q , which extends results of Mauclaire for m = 1.
Effect of pregnancy, lactation and a high-fat diet on adipose tissue in Osborne-Mendel rats.

Adult Osborne-Mendel female rats were fed either stan dard laboratory or high-fat diets during the course of pregnancy and lactation. Animals were killed on day 20 of pregnancy and 20 days postpartum after nursing either 0, 4, 8 or 14 pups. High-fat feeding increased total carcass fat, adipose depot weights and fat cell size by two to three fold. Pregnancy also increased carcass fat but the distribution was not uniform; in both dietary groups the parametrial depot was unchanged. The subscapular and retroperitoneal depots increased in pregnant standardfed rats while the subscapular and omental depots increased in pregnant high-fat-fed rats. Increased fat cell size accounted for almost all pregnancyrelated fat deposition. Postpartum depot weights and fat cell size of those standard-fed animals nursing 0 or 4 pups remained near pregnancy values. In contrast, those nursing 8 or 14 pups depleted fat uniformally to onethird the weight at term. High-fat-fed animals lost three times more ab solute fat than standard-fed rats during lactation with disproportionate mobilization from the subscapular and omental depots. Thus, high-fatfeeding, which promoted fat deposition in nonpregnant animals and further exaggerated the fat accretion during pregnancy, did not prevent the ex tensive fat mobilization accompanying normal lactation. It is hypothesized that during lactation hormonally induced metabolic changes in adipose tissue may favor fat mobilization and hence promote weight loss even when a diet which normally induces triglycA©ridestorage is fed. J. Nutr. 120: 600-609, 1980. INDEXING
P300 Based Brain Computer Interfaces: A Progress Report

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) are the only means of communication available to patients who are locked-in, that is for patients who are completely paralyzed yet are fully conscious. We focus on the status of the P300-BCI first described by Farwell and Donchin (1988). This system has now been tested with several dozen ALS patients and some have been using this approach for communication at a very extensive level. More recently, we have adapted this BCI (in collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Rajiv Dubey) to the control of a robotic arm. In this presentation we will discuss the special problems of human computer interaction that occur within the context of such a BCI. The special needs of the users forced the development of variants of this system, each with advantages and disadvantages. The general principles that can be derived from the experience we have had with this BCI will be reviewed.
Immunological Properties of Two Polypeptides of Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus

Two polypeptides were isolated from the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MP-MV). The polypeptides, designated MP-MV p26 and MP-MV p15, were 26,000 and 15,000 molecular weight, respectively, based on gel filtration chromatography in the presence of 6 M guanidine hydrochloride. Radioimmunoassays developed for MP-MV p26 and p15 were, respectively, 10 and 100 times more sensitive than immunodiffusion and 1 and 10 times more sensitive than micro-complement fixation for the detection of MP-MV. Antigens of other reverse transcriptase-containing RNA viruses did not cross-react in either MP-MV radioimmunoassay. Further, antisera against these other viruses did not react with the radioiodine-labeled MP-MV polypeptides. The MP-MV radioimmunoassays should be useful in studying the natural occurrence of this virus and its relationship to primate tumors.
CT diagnostic features of Alzheimer disease: importance of the choroidal/hippocampal fissure complex.

Neuropathologic changes in the temporal lobe, including focal atrophy of the subiculum and entorhinal cortex, have been described in association with Alzheimer disease. We studied the usefulness of detecting temporal-lobe structural changes on CT in making the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. The dementia imaging protocol we use includes thin-section (5 mm) cuts of the temporal lobe oriented 20 degrees negative (caudal) to the plane of the canthomeatal line. Thirty-four patients with suspected Alzheimer disease and 20 normal elderly control subjects, all between 65 and 80 years old, were studied with a standard protocol that also included neurologic and medical examinations and detailed psychometric testing. All the temporal-lobe evaluations of the five variables measured were significantly associated with the presence or absence of Alzheimer disease. Almost all Alzheimer patients showed evidence of mild or greater severity of overall temporal-lobe atrophy. The absence of temporal-lobe atrophy, seen in approximately one half the normal cases, identified normal individuals with a high degree of specificity (95%). The presence of characteristic hippocampal lucency, apparently due to enlargement of the choroid and hippocampal fissures, showed the highest sensitivity and classification accuracy of all the variables tested (82 and 80% respectively; p less than .001), correctly identifying 82% of Alzheimer patients and 80% of Alzheimer patients and control subjects. These results indicate that CT detection of structural changes in the temporal lobe and hippocampus strongly support the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. A temporal-lobe imaging protocol for CT, and by extension for MR, is suggested for the evaluation of patients with the clinical diagnosis of a dementing disorder.
Measurement of the Spin-Glass Order Parameter in Amorphous Gd 0.37 Al 0.63

Amorphous films of composition ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{0.37}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{0.63}$ are found to exhibit a transition to a spin-glass state below 16 K. The magnetic properties show thermal hysteresis and relaxation below the spin-glass transition. The susceptibility maximum at 16 K, when measured in dc fields \ensuremath{\le}10 Oe, sharpens into an asymmetric cusp, consistent with the Edwards-Anderson picture of the transition as one into a random, but rigid, state. Using the theory of Sherrington and Kirkpatrick, we extract the spin-glass order parameter from the observed cusp, and find deviations from simple mean-field behavior.
Primary language spoken at home and children's dental service utilization in the United States.

Objective Language barriers have been well documented as a contributing factor to disparities in the receipt of medical services, especially for Hispanic children. However, there is a paucity of information on the effect of language barriers on children's dental service utilization. We examined the association of primary language spoken at home with the receipt of preventive and routine dental care for children in the United States. Methods We analyzed data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (2002-2004), which contains data on 21,049 children weighted to represent 75.8 million children nationally. Results Among children aged 1-18 years, 13 percent spoke a language other than English at home. Whites, females, children between the ages of 7 and 12 years, and those whose parents spoke English at home had the highest marginal rates of preventive and routine dental visits. However, the large marginal effect of language, even among Hispanics, was not significant after adjusting for other covariates. Parental education and having a primary provider were the strongest predictors of preventive and routine dental visits. Conclusion Children that did not speak English at home were less likely to receive preventive or routine dental care. However, after adjusting for other socio-economic factors, our study suggests that language barriers may not play as pronounced a role in the receipt of dental care as that documented for medical services.
A Brief History of the FTC’s Bureau of Economics: Reports, Mergers, and Information Regulation

Although there are numerous histories of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), there has been little focus on sub-organizations of the FTC. While this history of one sub-organization, the Bureau of Economics, is a description of the role of economists in antitrust and consumer protection, it also provides an example of an entity that serves an economic staff function for a larger organization run largely by attorneys. That arrangement is not uncommon in the federal government, since many government agencies utilize economists and only one, the Federal Reserve, is run by economists. Despite this organizational structure, economists at the FTC have had a significant role since its 1914 founding, and in the most recent 40 years, those economists have produced work that not only made the FTC a more efficient and effective regulator, but also enhanced the knowledge of economists generally in areas of FTC specialty.
Psychosexual Dysfunction in Males With Genital Anomalies: Late Adolescence, Tanner Stages IV to VI

ABSTRACT Objective To assess psychosexual function in adolescent males with genital anomalies. Method Fourteen consecutive males with bladder exstrophy-epispadias, 14 to 19 years old, Tanner stages IV to VI, were assessed along with their parents, using a developmental questionnaire, Hollingshead socioeconomic status rating, Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self-Report, semistructured psychiatric interview, detailed sexual history, and 5 written, open-ended questions. Results All subjects showed psychosexual dysfunction in terms of genital satisfaction and genital touching; only 2 had ever undressed in front of anyone; only 2 had ever masturbated and only after age 16; 8 had few friends and only 5 considered any girls as friends; all expressed heterosexuality but only 4 had dated, 1 at age 17 and 2 after age 18; only the two 19-year-olds had experienced sexual intercourse, at the age of 19. All had an anxiety disorder. Half had experienced a major depressive disorder. Conclusions Psychosexual dysfunction and anxiety were universal and chronic in these males with genital anomalies, leading to social and sexual developmental impairment. Half had a mood disorder. Implications for adulthood as well as for children with other genital anomalies are unclear but deserve further study. Males with genital anomalies should be evaluated for psychosexual developmental impairment.
The relationship between international trade and economic growth in Mexico

Abstract The available empirical evidence on the relationship between international trade and economic growth in Mexico is not conclusive. This article first identifies the contributions and shortcomings of previous empirical work. Then several new econometric approaches are pursued using data for 1960–1991. Modern time-series methods and improved data are used to replicate previous Granger causality tests and single-equation regressions. Then, a simultaneous equation time-series regression model is used to confirm hypothesis that trade and growth are directly related. A direct test of the relationship between trade and total factor productivity is also carried out using a simultaneous-equations model. A positive relationship is again confirmed. The Lucas critique reminds us, however, that we cannot use econometric results, based on data from the past, to justify Mexico's new “outward-oriented” economic policies. Nevertheless, the results appear supportive when we consider that the sample period includes two decades of import substitution policies; the econometric results are likely to understate the actual strength of the trade-growth relationship under Mexico's current open trade regime.
International Forest Deliberations, Processes and Civil Society: An Historical Account (1992–2007)*

SUMMARY International discussions on forest issues emerged in the 1980s, mostly due to the activism of environmental NGOs. Forest negotiations proved particularly contentious in the Rio Summit. The post-Rio period witnessed a gradual dynamism towards the development of consensus. The consensus-building process at the UN led to the establishment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Forests. The process was further pursued through the establishment of the Intergovernmental Forum on Forests and the United Nations Forum on Forests. The present paper sheds light on international forest negotiations from 1992 to 2007. The paper, drawing also on the personal experiences and reflections of the author, posits that effective pursual and implementation of international agreements on forests will depend on the continued active engagement of the NGOs and other stakeholders involved. It is further suggested that genuine multilateralism calls for political will, meaningful engagement of all stakeholders, and the provision ...
Comparison of gadoxetic acid and gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI for HCC detection: prospective crossover study at 3 T:

BackgroundGadoxetic acid and gadopentetate dimeglumine are gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) with an established role in HCC detection and characterization.PurposeTo compare gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for image quality and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection/conspicuity.Material and MethodsIn this IRB approved cross-over pilot prospective study, 12 patients (all men; mean age, 56 years) with chronic liver disease at risk of HCC underwent two repeat MRI examinations using gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadoxetic acid (mean interval between studies, 5 days). Two independent observers analyzed images for image quality and HCC detection/conspicuity. Per-lesion sensitivity, positive predictive value, quantitative enhancement, and lesion-to-liver contrast ratio were calculated for both contrast agents.ResultsThere was no significant difference in image quality scores between both GBCAs (P = 0.3). A total of 20 HCCs were identified with refer...
Reactivation of herpes simplex virus keratitis after initiating bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma

Abstract PURPOSE: To report a case of herpes simplex virus reactivation after starting bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: A 66-year-old woman had a herpes simplex keratouveitis reactivation that occurred within 1 month after starting bimatoprost. The herpes simplex had been inactive for more than 10 years. RESULTS: Bimatoprost and prednisolone acetate 0.12% were discontinued; oral acyclovir, ofloxacin, and betaxolol 0.25% were initiated. Two weeks later, prednisolone acetate 1% was added. The reactivation resolved, and 1 month later, the best corrected visual acuity improved to 20/40. CONCLUSION: Caution should be used in prescribing bimatoprost for patients with a history of herpes simplex virus keratitis.
Selected perceptual determinants of pharmacy students' expected job satisfaction: a pilot study

Abstract Objectives To investigate selected perceptual determinants of pharmacy students' expected job satisfaction. Such determinants included: (1) Students' perceptions of the effects of demands upon pharmacists' job satisfaction, (2) students' perceptions of the effects of other health care providers' demands upon pharmacists' job satisfaction, and (3) students' perceived professional image upon pharmacists' job satisfaction. Material and methods This research makes use of the personal survey questionnaire method for measuring perceptions of job satisfaction. Subjects for the study were fifth-year professional students in an entry-level Doctor of Pharmacy program class of 192 students. Surveys were returned by 107 students (55.7% of those asked to participate), of which 103 were complete enough to use in the analysis using job satisfaction assessment. Results Stepwise linear regression within this sample found job satisfaction perceptions of students were best predicted by their beliefs in the encounters they will have with physicians and other health care providers ( p = .0016) and by the professional image they perceive the pharmacy profession to have ( p = .0015). Patient demands had no statistically significant predictive value in this sample of students' perceptual job satisfaction scores on overall job satisfaction ( p = .2496). Conclusion These results have important implications for human resource managers and administrators of pharmaceutical care delivery systems whose major concerns are to retain as well as recruit sufficient numbers of young job seekers who are pursuing pharmacy as a career.
Effects of propofol containing EDTA on mineral metabolism in medical ICU patients with pulmonary dysfunction.

Objective: To determine whether the addition of disodium edetate (EDTA) to propofol significantly alters mineral metabolism, adverse events, and outcome in critically ill medical patients with acute pulmonary dysfunction. Design: Multicentre, double-randomised, double-blind, comparative trial. Setting: Medical intensive care units of 5 health centres. Patients: A total of 85 haemodynamically stable men and women aged 18–81 years who had pulmonary dysfunction or adult respiratory distress syndrome as a primary diagnosis or complication and who were expected to require at least 48 hours of sedation and mechanical ventilation. Interventions: Patients were randomised to receive propofol with or without EDTA and then to 1 of 2 sedation levels: light (Modified Ramsay Sedation Scale [MRSS] score of 2 to 3) or deep (MRSS score of 4 to 5). Propofol was administered by continuous infusion at an initial rate of 5 μg/kg per min and titrated as needed. Measurements and Results: Approximately 63 % of patients had a high severity of illness as indicated by an Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score ≥ 19. As expected, these patients had a higher mortality rate but did not require a higher dose of propofol or propofol with EDTA. Extensive evaluation of cation homeostasis showed that ionised calcium and magnesium concentrations remained remarkably stable during treatment. Total calcium concentration was low as a result of hypoalbuminemia. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration was elevated in both study groups at baseline, on day 4, and at the end of sedation. There were no significant differences in electrolyte levels and no progression to renal dysfunction. There were also no significant differences in haemodynamic or adverse-event profiles. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 5 patients in each group; 4 of these (in 3 patients receiving propofol and 1 patient receiving propofol with EDTA) were considered serious. Because a large percentage of patients experienced a change in sedation level, no analyses were performed using sedation level. Conclusions: The addition of EDTA to propofol does not alter calcium and magnesium homeostasis in critically ill patients with acute pulmonary dysfunction. The reason for the elevation in PTH concentrations in such patients is not known.
The impact of computers on learning: Research on in-school and out-of-school settings

THIS REPORT PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW of the literature on the influence of computers on learning in formal classroom and informal out-of-school contexts. Following these overviews, the authors turn to a consideration of the primary policy considerations related to the diffusion of computer technology. The report concludes with the suggestion that through technology traditional boundaries between home and school, between formal- and informal-learning contexts, can be overcome. This process of extending learning experiences beyond the traditional classroom would expand opportunities for workforce development and provide alternatives for an educational system stretched to its limits.
An Introduction to Gerald Sterns' "The Pineys"

Hazley describes the historical and cultural background for Gerald Sterns' poem about the New Jersey Pine Barrens and its inhabitants, known as "The Pineys."
Crystallisation of purified thyroxine-binding alpha globulin

Summary Purified thyroxine-binding alpha globulin has been crystallised for the first time. Crystals have also been grown from a solution containing thyroxine-binding alpha globulin and L-thyroxine in a 1:2 molar ratio. With four iodine atoms in thyroxine, a crystalline thyroxine-binding alpha globulin-thyroxine complex could be valuable in the structure determination of thyroxine-binding alpha globulin.
Growth of GaAs millimeter wave impatt diode material using low temperature vapor phase epitaxy

Abstract Chloride transport vapor phase epitaxy has been one of the most widely used techniques for the epitaxial growth of GaAs for microwave device applications. Unfortunately, this technique has been limited to the growth of relatively low frequency (
Descriptive Models of Peasant Society: A Reconciliation from Southern Italy

Among the many healthy controversies in modern anthropology, few have generated more verve for defending rival positions than that concerning the nature of peasant societies and cultures. Nor are many fields of investigation more relevant to the important task of explaining, predicting, and perhaps guiding the uneasy future course of preindustrial societies. Several schools of thought have participated in the dispute, two of which seem predominant. The first was launched by Robert Redfield in his early study of Tepoztlan, wherein the picture drawn was of a relatively homogeneous and well-integrated society in which the individuals enjoyed an intense attachment to native soil, a high level of general contentment, and a sober, individual restraint in favor of the collective utility.
Lamotrigine high-dose tolerability and safety in patients with epilepsy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, eleven-week study

Summary: Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the dose tolerability and safety of a chronic ascending twice-daily (b.i.d.) dosage regimen of 700 mg/day larnotrigine (LTG) and to include determination of the LTG pharmacokinetic profile at doses 500 mg/day in patients receiving concomitant enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Methods: Twelve adult male epileptic patients treated with enzyme-inducing AEDs received 700 mg/day (b.i.d.) oral LTG (n = 8) or placebo (controls, n = 4). For 3 weeks, as outpatients they had their LTG dosage increased from 100 to 400 mg/day. Then, in a clinical research study unit, patients received regimens of 500, 600, and 700 mg/day for 1 week each. Controls received matching placebo in the same sequence. At study end, dosages were tapered in 2 weeks. Follow-up evaluations were made 7 days later. Results: Five LTG patients tolerated 700 mg/day for 1 week. LTG was reduced to 600 mg/day in a patient with mild diplopia and to 500 mg/day in a patient with mild oscillopsia and diplopia. One patient discontinued 300-mg/day therapy with a moderately intense diffuse papular skin rash, attributed to LTG. Headache, drowsiness, faintness, and diplopia, the common adverse events (AEs), were mild to moderate in intensity and occurred in 50–75% of patients in both groups (except for diplopia, occurring only with LTG). Concomitant AED plasma concentrations were not markedly changed by LTG. LTG pharmacokinetics were linear over the range of 500–700 mg/day. Conclusions: LTG doses 700 mg/day can be tolerated in patients receiving concomitant enzyme-inducing AEDs.