cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic transmural entry into pancreatic fluid collections using a dedicated aspiration needle without endoscopic ultrasound guidance: success and complication rates

Background Endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) is performed with increasing frequency. A variety of techniques for performing transmural entry have been described. However, data are lacking on the technical success and safety of transmural entry using a single technique. The authors describe the largest experience in transmural entry of PFCs without endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance using a dedicated aspiration needle.
Them and Us: Hidden Ideologies-Differences in Degree or Kind?

This article looks at three measuring instruments-the Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale, the Social Dominance Orientation Scale, and the Attitudes About Reality Scale-used to examine covert ideology and its relationship to social and political beliefs and behaviors. These scales share similar ideological components involving abdication of moral responsibility to an outside agent, belief that one's own ideology represents the only form of truth, and negative beliefs about individuals who are not members of one's own group. Evidence is provided to suggest that radical fundamentalists and some groups within U.S. society share ideological beliefs that differ in degree rather than kind. These beliefs make it easy for them to divide the world into "us" and "them" and exacerbate the present conflict.
Center Tracking Quadrature Demodulation for a Doppler Radar Motion Detector

Quadrature direct-conversion microwave Doppler radar enables accurate remote detection of cardiopulmonary activity. One challenge for such detection is DC offset resulting from receiver imperfections and clutter. In the paper we propose a novel DC offset compensation method that takes into account all clutter signals including those from stationary parts of the human subject. This techniques was proven effective for detection of heart rate with a high degree of accuracy for a stationary subject. In addition, same technique was used for successful demodulation of large motion, including a subject walking with two meters of total displacement.
FTIR product study of the self-reaction of CH2ClCH2O2 radicals in air at 295 K

Abstract Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to identify and quantify products of the self-reaction of chloroethylperoxy radicals, CH2ClCH2O2, formed in the photolysis of Cl2/C2H2 mixtures in 700 Torr total pressure of synthetic air at 295 K. From these measurements, branching ratios for the reaction channels (1a) and (1b), CH2ClCH2O2 + CH2ClCH2O2 → 2CH2ClCH2O + O2 and CH2ClCH2O2 + CH2ClCH2O2 → CH2ClCHO + CH2ClCH2OH + O2, respectively, of k1a/(k1a + k1b) = 0.69 and k1b/(k1a + k1b) = 0.31 were established together with an upper limit for the rate of the reaction CH2ClCH2O2 + HO2 → CH2ClCH2O2H + O2. Additionally, using the relative rate technique, the rate constant for the reaction of Cl atoms with CH2ClCH2OH has been determined to be (3.01 ± 0.22) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1.
Resting U wave inversion as a marker of stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery

Resting 12-lead electrocardiographic records from 849 patients who underwent coronary cineangiographic studies were reviewed for U wave negativity without knowledge of the clinical data or angiographic results. In order to evaluate U wave negativity as an independent electrocardiographic sign, patients with significant Q waves in the anterior leads were excluded from the final data analysis leaving 760 patients. Twenty-seven patients had U wave negativity in leads I, aVL or V4 through V6. For the study population, the prevalence of coronary artery disease was 64 percent (484 or 760); the prevalence of significant left anterior descending or left main coronary artery stenosis was 46 percent (350 of 760); and the prevalence of angiographic left ventricular dysfunction was 41 percent (309 of 754). Among 27 patients with resting U wave negativity the prevalence of coronary artery disease was 89 percent (24 of 27); the prevalence of left anterior descending or left main disease was 89 percent (24 of 27); and the prevalence of angiographic left ventricular dysfunction was 80 percent (20 of 25). Among patients selected for coronary cineangiographic study, U wave negativity was a significant predictor (p < 0.001) of greater than or equal to 75 percent stenosis of the left anterior descending or left main coronary artery and of left ventricular dysfunction (p < 0.001).
Electrorheological fluids — structure and dynamics

Electrorheological fluids are colloidal suspensions that solidify under the influence of electric fields, due to the fact that electric fields induce interactions between particles arising from either the dielectric or the conductivity response of the particles. These interactions are principally dipolar at long distances. However, because of the image forces induced by constant potential electrodes, the long range dipolar repulsion is suppressed. It follows that the ground state of the system consists of a macroscopic phase separation into regions of high and low particle concentrations. The mechanism by which the suspension approaches this phase separation may be strongly dependent on thermal fluctuations. In hydrodynamical flows, these suspensions behave as shear-thinning “Bingham plastics”.
Brand experience and brand implications in a multi-channel setting

Branding scholars have been deeply engaged in the identification of different interactions between brand and consumer. Additionally with the evolution of the internet, increasing research has focused on which brand relationships translate to the on-line environment. The current research advances the examination of these relationship constructs in particular brand experience, brand identification, brand community, and behavioral loyalty through the simultaneous examination of the relationships in the off and on-line channels. To add clarity, the context of the study utilizes single-brand retailers to explore relationship dynamics, providing less brand noise than a multi-brand retailer. Our results demonstrate the effect of channel as a moderator among these brand and consumer relationships providing valuable insight into brand management in multi-channel settings. Additionally the benefits from the single-brand retailer setting are highlighted.
Numerical Simulation of Biomagnetic Fluid in a Channel with Thrombus

Biomagnetic fluid dynamics is the study of the interaction of biological fluids with an applied steady magnetic field. Recently, several medical applications begin to utilize magnetic labeling of specific cells and targeted drug delivery using magnets. The magnetically labeled cells and the drug encapsulates are usually loaded in the blood stream and are directed toward a specific site by use of a magnet. In this paper, numerical simulation of biomagnetic fluid in the presence of a thrombus when exposed to magnetic field is presented. The finite analytic method is used to obtain the numerical simulation. It is found that the magnetic force causes a drastic change in the fluid behavior and the friction coefficient increases as the magnetic field strength increases.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT: Children's Knowledge About the Mind

▪ Abstract This chapter reviews theory and research on the development of children's knowledge about the mental world, focusing especially on work done during the past 15 years under the rubric of theory-of-mind development. The three principal approaches to explaining this development—theory theory, modular theory, and simulation theory—are described first. Next comes a description of infant precursors or protoforms of theory-of-mind knowledge in infancy, including a beginning awareness of the intentionality and goal-directedness of human actions. This discussion is followed by a summary of the postinfancy development of children's understanding of visual perception, attention, desires, emotions, intentions, beliefs, knowledge, pretense, and thinking. Briefly considered next are intracultural, intercultural, and interspecies differences in theory-of-mind development. The chapter then concludes with some guesses about the future of the field.
Folded loop antenna for mobile hand-held units

The vertical folded loop antenna, modeled as wire and printed radiating element mounted on a conducting box, simulating a cellular telephone with and without dielectric coating, is analyzed. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is used to calculate radiation patterns and input impedance. The results are compared with measurements and with NEC data. Very good agreement is obtained in all cases. Parasitic loading is used to enhance the bandwidth of the printed element. The antenna meets the design requirements for existing and future mobile communication systems.
Latency effects of system level power management algorithms

A power management algorithm for an embedded system reduces system level power dissipation by shutting off parts of the system when they are not being used and turning them back on when they are required. Algorithms for this problem are online in nature since they must operate without knowledge of the arrival time or service requirements of future requests. In this paper, we present online algorithms to manage power for embedded systems. We perform an empirical analysis of these algorithms and give theoretical justification for the empirical results. Effective power management strategies have an adverse impact on the latency of the system for which the strategy is designed. Typically, the more aggressive the power management scheme, the greater the increase in the latency of the system. In this paper, we prove an upper bound on the additional latency of the system introduced by power management strategies. Moreover, we show that this upper bound occurs each time the system is shutdown and hence is an important system design parameter. In addition, service time and latencies have an effect on power management strategies since they alter the length and occurrences of idle periods which. We study this phenomenon experimentally, by modeling the disk drive of a laptop computer as an embedded system. The results show that if service times of arriving requests are modeled, the relative performance of algorithms can change leading to non-adaptive algorithms performing better than adaptive ones. We compare the performance of adaptive and non-adaptive power management algorithms. In particular, our experimental results show that an "immediate" shutdown strategy that shuts down the system whenever it encounters an idle period performs surprising better than sophisticated adaptive algorithms suggested in the literature. We provide an analytical explanation for the effectiveness of power management strategies.
An algorithm for parallel discrete event simulation using common memory

Most work on parallel discrete event simulation has been based on a distributed model of computation in which processes can only communicate through message passing. Here we study parallel discrete event simulation under a common memory model of computation. An algorithm for parallel discrete event simulation is developed based on the assumption that every process has direct access to the state of any other process. The objective is to avoid the high overhead associated with null messages and request messages in distributed algorithms. This algorithm is then compared to distributed synchronization algorithms.
Head modeling and cortical source localization in epilepsy

In this study, we developed numerical methods for investigating the dynamics of epilepsy from multi-scale EEG recordings acquired simultaneously from the scalp (sEEG) and intracranial subdural and/or depth electrodes (iEEG) in patients undergoing pre-surgical evaluation at the epilepsy center of the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN). The data are analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA), which identifies and isolates independent signal components from multi-channel recordings. A realistic individual head model was constructed for a patient undergoing pre-surgical evaluation. The forward problem of electro-magnetic source localization was solved using the Boundary Element Method (BEM). Using this approach, we investigated the relationships between noninvasive and invasive source localization of human electrical brain data sources. A difference of about 1 cm was observed between sources estimated from sEEG and iEEG measurements.
AN INTRODUCED PREDATOR ALTERS ALEUTIAN ISLAND PLANT COMMUNITIES BY THWARTING NUTRIENT SUBSIDIES

The ramifying effects of top predators on food webs traditionally have been studied within the framework of trophic cascades. Trophic cascades are compelling because they embody powerful indirect effects of predators on primary production. Although less studied, indirect effects of predators may occur via routes that are not exclusively trophic. We quantified how the introduction of foxes onto the Aleutian Islands transformed plant communities by reducing abundant seabird populations, thereby disrupting nutrient sub- sidies vectored by seabirds from sea to land. We compared soil and plant fertility, plant biomass and community composition, and stable isotopes of nitrogen in soil, plants, and other organisms on nine fox-infested and nine historically fox-free islands across the Aleu- tians. Additionally, we experimentally augmented nutrients on a fox-infested island to test whether differences in plant productivity and composition between fox-infested and fox- free islands could have arisen from differences in nutrient inputs between island types. Islands with historical fox infestations had soils low in phosphorus and nitrogen and plants low in tissue nitrogen. Soils, plants, slugs, flies, spiders, and bird droppings on these islands had low d 15 N values indicating that these organisms obtained nitrogen from internally derived sources. In contrast, soils, plants, and higher trophic level organisms on fox-free islands had elevated d 15 N signatures indicating that they utilized nutrients derived from the marine environment. Furthermore, soil phosphorus (but not nitrogen) and plant tissue ni- trogen were higher on fox-free than fox-infested islands. Nutrient subsidized fox-free islands supported lush, high biomass plant communities dominated by graminoids. Fox-infested islands were less graminoid dominated and had higher cover and biomass of low-lying forbs and dwarf shrubs. While d 15 N profiles of soils and plants and graminoid biomass varied with island size and distance from shore, after accounting for these effects differences between fox-infested and fox-free islands still existed. Fertilization over four years caused a 24-fold increase in graminoid biomass and a shift toward a more graminoid dominated plant community typical of fox-free islands. These results indicate that apex predators can influence plant productivity and composition through complex interaction web pathways involving both top-down forcing and bottom-up nutrient exchanges across systems.
Stereochemistry of epoxide carbonylation using bimetallic Lewis acid/metal carbonyl complexes*

The stereochemistry of epoxide carbonylation using bimetallic (Lewis acid) + (Co(CO) 4 ) - complexes is reported. The achiral complex ((salph)Al(THF) 2 )(Co(CO) 4 ) stereospecifically carbonylates cis- and trans-2-butene oxide to the trans- and cis-β-lac- tones, respectively. Preliminary experiments regarding the carbonylative kinetic resolution of racemic trans-2-butene oxide using the enantiomerically pure complex ((R,R-salcy)Al(THF) 2 )(Co(CO) 4 ) are also reported.
The automorphism group of a completely positive cone and its Lie algebra

Abstract Given a closed cone C in R n , we consider the corresponding completely positive (convex) cone K generated by { uu T : u ∈ C } in S n . Under certain conditions on C , we describe the automorphism group of K and its corresponding Lie algebra in terms of those of C ∪ - C and/or C . In particular, we show that when C is a (closed convex) proper cone, the automorphism groups of C and K are isomorphic and their corresponding Lie algebras are isomorphic.
Understanding the effect of ferroelectric polarization on power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices

It is demonstrated that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaic devices can be increased by inserting an ultrathin film of a ferroelectric co-polymer, poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), at the metal–organic interface, due to an enhancement of the charge extraction efficiency. Specifically, the effect of P(VDF-TrFE) crystallinity on its function in ferroelectric organic photovoltaic (FE-OPV) devices has been studied by several methods. Highly crystalline and amorphous P(VDF-TrFE) films have been prepared by the Langmuir–Blodgett method and spin-coating from acetone solution, respectively. The polymer solar cell devices with a crystalline P(VDF-TrFE) interfacial layer at the cathode have larger PCE than the structures with amorphous P(VDF-TrFE) and have the unique feature of switchable diode polarity and photovoltaic performance controlled by external applied voltage pulses. The obtained results confirm that the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE) layer is responsible for the enhancement of PCE in FE-OPV devices and that a highly crystalline ferroelectric polymer film is required to observe the enhancement of PCE. Amorphous P(VDF-TrFE) films act as regular dielectric layers with a little poling effect on device PCE. The polarization of P(VDF-TrFE) is shown to be stable, and the photogenerated charges could be collected efficiently by the cathode rather than being compensated.
Future HIV Prevention Options for Men Who Have Sex with Men: Intention to Use a Potential Microbicide During Anal Intercourse

Development of an effective rectal microbicide holds promise for HIV prevention. This study examined men's personal efficacy standards (i.e., preferences about product efficacy) for a future rectal microbicide and intentions to use it during anal intercourse. Three hundred eighty-five men who have sex with men, sampled in West Hollywood, completed a behavioral questionnaire, read a detailed description of a potential rectal microbicide gel, and expressed their preferences about product efficacy and intended use. On average, participants wanted a microbicide gel to be 84% effective in preventing HIV infection before they would use it as the only means of protection during anal intercourse; 53% of the men wanted the gel to be at least 95% effective. In multivariate analyses, intention to use the gel by itself was associated with higher efficacy standards for the microbicide, negative attitudes about using condoms, and a history of unprotected anal intercourse. Thirty-seven percent of the men who always used a condom during anal sex in the past year said they would be more likely to use a microbicide gel than a condom in the future; however, 85% of this subgroup wanted the gel to offer protection comparable to a condom before they would use it alone. In conclusion, an effective rectal microbicide may have a sizable public health benefit because it provides an alternative for men who dislike condoms.
Sexual Frequency and Salivary Immunoglobulin A (IgA)

112 college students reported the frequency of their sexual encounters and were divided into four categories: none, infrequent (less than once a week), frequent (one to two times per week), and very frequent (three or more times per week). Participants also described their overall sexual satisfaction. Saliva samples were collected and assayed for salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA). Individuals in the frequent group showed significantly higher levels of IgA than the other three groups, which were comparable. Data on length of relationship and sexual satisfaction were not related to the group differences.
The development and performance characteristics of mixed flowing gas test environment

Three flowing mixed gases have been developed to achieve realistic simulation through the synergistic effects of (1) low concentrations of relevant pollutants, (2) humidity, and (3) temperature. The authors have demonstrated the importance of incorporating the sulfide-chloride synergisms into reproduced indoor field environments in order to simulate the observed corrosion response. By adjusting these variables, large differences can be found in materials reaction rates, corrosion mechanisms, and chemistries. Data were taken that demonstrate the effects of critical variables on corrosion processes. Relative humidity, reactive chloride concentration, and reactive sulfide concentration were consistently identified as the most important in all cases. Temperature, gas velocity, and NO/sub 2/ concentration were found to be far less critical. Sulfur dioxide was relatively unimportant for either indoor, field, or laboratory mixtures. It is concluded that three-component mixtures based on low levels of H/sub 2/S, NO/sub 2/, and Cl/sub 2/ can be used to simulate all reactive environment classes. >
Impact of agricultural diversification on the insect community of cruciferous crops

Numerous studies have examined the responses of pest and beneficial arthropods to plant diversification in ephemeral cropping habitats. Cruciferous crops, mainlycabbage and broccoli, are probablythe most studied plants with respect to evaluating the impact of plant mixtures on insect population dynamics. This review examines the mechanisms influencing arthropod responses to floral diversification, specificallyfocusing on cruciferous crops. In manyinstances, mechanisms accounting for herbivores and natural enemyresponses to plant mixtures are not thoroughlytested. Biological parameters of herbivores impacted bycrop diversification were mainlyrelated to the behavior of the insects studied. Mechanisms accounting for herbivore responses to plant mixtures include reduced colonization, reduced adult tenure time in the marketable crop, and oviposition interference. Tactics used for choosing companion plants, and the future perspective for mixed-crucifer crops usage are discussed. Manipulative studies involving cruciferous crops provide some evidence that habitat manipulation techniques (e.g., intercropping, undersown nonhost plants, vegetation borders) impact crop growth. However, the indirect role habitat manipulation plays in the population dynamics of insect pests and natural enemies still remains unclear in manysy stems. Quantitative data are needed to determine the level of change in plant qualitybrought about bycompanion planting that alters arthropod behavior. r 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Resource Teacher Perceptions of the Prevalence of Social Dysfunction Among Students with Learning Disabilities

The purpose of this survey was to determine the prevalence of social dysfunction among students with learning disabilities as perceived by resource teachers. The results indicate that up to 38% of this student population was in need of social skills intervention but that relatively few were actually receiving the needed interventions.
TULA‐family proteins: A new class of cellular regulators

Proteins of the UBASH3/STS/TULA family recently emerged as potent regulators of cellular functions. They are characterized by a unique architecture, featuring at least three functional domains. One of them is a histidine phosphatase domain, which mediates the protein tyrosine phosphatase activity of these proteins. Recent studies demonstrated that UBASH3/STS/TULA-family proteins play a key role in down-regulating receptor-mediated signal transduction and physiologic responses of T cells and platelets in vitro and in vivo. The Syk-family protein tyrosine kinases Syk and Zap-70 were identified as major targets of TULA-2 in full agreement with the suppressive effect of this phosphatase in systems where Syk and Zap-70 carry out the essential early steps of signal transduction. In spite of significant similarity between TULA and TULA-2, there are also considerable functional differences between them. Thus, TULA-2 is expressed ubiquitously in mammalian tissues and exhibits high phosphatase activity, whereas TULA is expressed specifically in lymphocytes and exhibits low phosphatase activity. However, TULA also functions as a down-regulator of cellular responses, and therefore its role may be mediated by dephosphorylation of yet-unknown substrates or by promoting T-cell apoptosis (the latter activity is unique for this UBASH3/STS/TULA family member). The down-regulatory role of TULA and TULA-2 revealed in experimental systems is consistent with the recently discovered association of several autoimmune diseases with certain risk alleles encoding for these proteins. .
PurF-Independent Phosphoribosyl Amine Formation in yjgF Mutants of Salmonella enterica Utilizes the Tryptophan Biosynthetic Enzyme Complex Anthranilate Synthase-Phosphoribosyltransferase

In Salmonella enterica, the biosynthetic pathways for the generation of purines and the essential cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate branch after sharing five enzymatic steps. Phosphoribosyl amine (PRA) is the first intermediate in the common portion of the pathway and is generated from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate and glutamine by the PurF enzyme (phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase). A null mutation in yjgF allows PurF-independent PRA formation by an unknown mechanism. The tryptophan biosynthetic enzyme complex anthranilate synthase-phosphoribosyltransferase, composed of the TrpD and TrpE proteins, was shown to be essential for PRA formation in strains lacking both yjgF and purF. The activity generating PRA in a yjgF mutant background has features that distinguish it from the TrpDE-mediated PRA formation shown previously for this enzyme in strains with an active copy of yjgF. The data presented here are consistent with a model in which the absence of YjgF uncovers a new catalytic activity of TrpDE.
Stability analysis of multidimensional (m-D) direct realization digital filters under the influence of nonlinearities

A stability test of m-D direct realization digital filters with nonlinearities such as quantization, overflow, saturation, etc., is presented. The method presented reduces a given nonlinear m-D system to a nonlinear 1-D system such that the stability of the latter is sufficient for the stability of the former. To check stability of the nonlinear 1-D system, some new results on 1-D recursive systems with positive coefficients are applied. The case of multiple nonlinearities in multidimensions is also addressed. Examples are given illustrating the application of the method. >
Current Trends in Occupational Health and Hygiene — General Considerations I

In the United States in 1979, close on one hundred and fifty thousand new cases of occupational illness were experienced by workers in the private sector. This is probably a low estimate. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is playing a central role in reduction of these hazards including development of standards, a consultation service and training and education.
Correlated responses of chickens to selection for production of antibodies to sheep erythrocytes

A bidirectional selection experiment was conducted to measure 5-day antibody titers to sheep erythrocytes in White Leghorn chickens. There was an immediate response to selection with significant differences between lines for the selected trait found in the S1 and all subsequent generations. Comparisons of S6, S7 and S8 generation females revealed differences between lines in disease resistance and in certain reproductive traits such as age at first egg, percentage hen-day egg production, percentage fertility and duration of fertility. The implications of these correlated responses are important to selection programs for general disease resistance.
Bound Quiver Algebras

A bound quiver algebra is the quotient of a path algebra kQ by an ideal I which is required to satisfy a certain admissibility condition. Bound quiver algebras play a central role in representation theory, since, for any finite-dimensional algebra A over an algebraically closed field k, the category mod A is equivalent to the category mod kQ∕I, for some bound quiver algebra kQ∕I.
Algebraic Bethe ansatz for the elliptic quantum group Eτ,η(sl2)

Abstract To each representation of the elliptic quantum group E τ , η ( sl 2 ) is associated a family of commuting transfer matrices. We give common eigenvectors by a version of the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. Special cases of this construction give eigenvectors for IRF models, for the eight-vertex model and for the two-body Ruijsenaars operator. The latter is a q -deformation of Hermite's solution of the Lame equation.
RECESS: Research and Development of a Behavior Management Package for Remediating Social Aggression in the School Setting

The RECESS program is a comprehensive behavior-management package for use with socially negative/aggressive children in grades K-3. “RECESS” is an acronym for “Reprogramming Environmental Contingencies for Effective Social Skills.”
Obstacles to Social Service Collaboration in Response to the Great Recession: The Case of the Contra Costa County Safety Net Initiative

This case study examines the experiences and dynamics of the Safety Net Initiative, a multisector collaboration in Contra Costa County, California. The Great Recession hit social services in Contra Costa County especially hard, and local stakeholders launched the Safety Net Initiative in an effort to repair and reimagine the county’s understaffed and underfunded safety net. The case study is based on 14 stakeholder interviews and extensive document review to address 2 questions: (a) What are the challenges to social services collaboration that are unique to suburban jurisdictions such as Contra Costa County? (b) What were the interpersonal and interagency dynamics that facilitated or hindered the collaboration’s process? Findings are reported within the context of four major themes or tensions (short-term vs. long-term; awareness vs. action; process-focus vs. outcome-focus; centralized vs. decentralized authority). Practice implications for social service collaboration in suburban jurisdictions are also i...
Integrating views of properties in models of unit manufacturing processes

This paper investigates the potential advantages and difficulties of integrating predictive model equations in models of unit manufacturing processes. The method described uses metamodels and semantic web technology to relate equations, as objects, to downstream activities. The potential advantages of this include enhanced knowledge refinement and reuse, traceability, model verification and agility in production activities. In an example usage, the authors apply the method to the development and downstream usage of predictive models of a selective laser sintering process. Use of equations as objects enables linking them with supporting evidence, property definitions and dimensions in an engineering notebook paradigm. Model-based interpretation of the equations enables composition in trade studies and mapping to downstream process parameter optimisation.
Ramping Rate Flexibility of Residential HVAC Loads

Residential air conditioners (ACs), refrigeration units, and forced air heating loads are candidates for providing ancillary services to the grid. Motivated by the need for resources with high ramping rate capability, we investigate the ramping rate flexibility of such loads and show that a collection of residential heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) loads can provide regulating reserve service with certain ramping rate bound that is a result of enforcing a no-short-cycling requirement. A load is called short-cycled if it is switched on and off quicker than a certain allowed time. We support our proposed bounds and theorems with illustrative simulations.
Doctor-Patient Communication: Guidelines for Improvements

Effective communication between patients and their healthcare providers is essential to positive health outcomes. Older adults may be at a disadvantage during communication exchanges due to age-related sensory declines and cognitive changes. Understanding the role of these age-related changes may lead to interventions that will ameliorate the disadvantages older adults face in the health communication process. Twenty-four older adults were interviewed to obtain an understanding of the difficulties older adults face during health communication. The findings suggest that older adults do have health communication problems. They are, however, able to generate strategies to solve these problems when problems are presented in hypothetical scenarios. Based on the findings, a brochure was developed to provide strategies and guidelines to help anticipate and resolve health communication problems.
African Americans in the Spanish Civil War: “;This Ain't Ethiopia, But It'LL Do.” Edited by Danny Duncan Collum. Victor A. Berch, chief researcher. New York: G.K. Hall and Co., 1992. 234 pp.

(1995). African Americans in the Spanish Civil War: “;This Ain't Ethiopia, But It'LL Do.” Edited by Danny Duncan Collum. Victor A. Berch, chief researcher. New York: G.K. Hall and Co., 1992. 234 pp. The Oral History Review: Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 145-146.
Abstract 4343: X-ray detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using gold nanoparticles conjugated to HCC-specific SF25 antibodies

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC There is widespread concern among health care professionals regarding the increase in HCC and the lack of optimal detection methods that lead to early diagnosis and treatment. It is hoped that early diagnosis may improve the prognosis of this almost uniformly fatal disease. There are substantial issues with false/negatives and false/positives and better, more specific and sensitive detection methods are urgently needed. For this reason, we aimed to design a novel detection method that is based on phase-sensitive x-ray imaging of gold nanoparticles, conjugated with HCC specific antibodies. Our laboratory has previously established various liver cancer specific antibodies by screening antigens that were uniquely present in the FOCUS hepatocellular carcinoma cell line. In the current study we used the SF25 antibody that is known to cross-react with a 125 kDa cell surface antigen. 10 nm gold nanoparticles were coated with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), followed by conjugation with the SF25 antibody. The specificity of our antibody was confirmed in vitro by Western-blotting and immunoflurescence using FOCUS and NIH/3T3 cells (negative control). The gold labeling did not interfere with the immunofluorescent detection of SF25 antigen. The cellular localization of the SF25 protein was further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. A labeling density of 10^4 gold particles per HCC cell was achieved. Given the sensitivity of the phase contrast imaging modality, this labeling density was also sufficient to enhance noticeably the density of subcutaneously raised HCC xenografts in vivo relative to healthy tissue. 10^7 cells were injected in the flanks of athymic nude mice. 1 week after inoculation the tumors were in vivo labeled by gold nanoparticle-conjugated SF25 antibodies. The gold content of these tumors were further quantified by x-ray fluorescence (XRF), which revealed gold fluorescence lines in the x-ray spectrum. These findings suggest that this imaging technique holds high in vivo potential for early detection of HCC. We envision that besides tumor detection, our x-ray imaging modality using nanoparticle-immunolabels will be useful for observing the delivery of drugs attached to or enclosed in nanoparticles. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4343.
Relative Toxicity of Certain Pesticides to Lagenidium giganteum (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales), a Fungal Pathogen of Mosquito Larvae

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the relative toxicity of certain insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides to the vegetative growth and zoospore production in North Carolina (NC) and Louisiana (LA) isolates of Lagenidium giganteum. Zoospore production in both isolates was less tolerant than mycelial growth to most of the pesticides tested and, thus, the IC50 values (inhibition concentration) for mycelial growth rate on agar underestimated toxicity. The most toxic pesticides to one or both isolates of L. giganteum were captan, gamma-BHC. DDT. toxaphene. chlorpyrifos, and fenthion. These pesticides produced at least 10% inhibition of mycelial growth rate or completely inhibited zoospore production at concentrations below 5 parts per million (ppm). The least toxic pesticides caused a 10% inhibition in mycelial growth rate and failed to inhibit zoospore production at concentrations greater that 50 ppm. These were diflubenzuron. permethrin. temephos. and propoxur (LA isolate only). Pesticides of intermediate toxicity were: malathion, carbaryl, methoprene, alachlor, and atrazine. The two isolates differed substantially in their tolerance of the following pesticides: malathion, chlorpyrifos, toxaphene, carbaryl. propoxur. permethrin. and methoprene. At their recommended rates of application for control of mosquito larvae, methoprene, fenthion, malathion, and temephos would probably be compatible with both isolates of L. giganteum.
A Note on the Numerical Combination of Probability Series

(1930). A Note on the Numerical Combination of Probability Series. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 37, No. 10, pp. 533-534.
Anticonvulsants Based on the α-Substituted Amide Group Pharmacophore Bind to and Inhibit Function of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors.

Although the antiepileptic properties of α-substituted lactams, acetamides, and cyclic imides have been known for over 60 years, the mechanism by which they act remains unclear. I report here that these compounds bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and inhibit its function. Using transient kinetic measurements with functionally active, nondesensitized receptors, I have discovered that (i) α-substituted lactams and cyclic imides are noncompetitive inhibitors of heteromeric subtypes (such as α4β2 and α3β4) of neuronal nAChRs and (ii) the binding affinity of these compounds toward the nAChR correlates with their potency in preventing maximal electroshock (MES)-induced convulsions in mice. Based on the hypothesis that α-substituted amide group is the essential pharmacophore of these drugs, I found and tested a simple compound, 2-phenylbutyramide. This compound indeed inhibits nAChR and shows good anticonvulsant activity in mice. Molecular docking simulations suggest that α-substituted lactams...
Gait disorders in multiple sclerosis.

Purpose of ReviewAmbulation, and more broadly mobility, is frequently affected by multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose of this review is to present recent developments regarding the impact, outcome measures, and management of gait disorders in MS.Recent FindingsRecently published surveys have confir
DOES THE PRESENCE OF WYETHIA MOLLIS AFFECT GROWTH OF PINUS JEFFREYI SEEDLINGS

Regeneration of Pinus jeffreyi in the Sierra Nevada is often limited on sites dominated by Wyethia mollis . Allelopathic chemicals and competition for soil moisture have been suggested as possible mechanisms for limiting regeneration. We tested the hypothesis that soil chemical and microbial properties from sites in different stages of succession influence seedling growth of Pinus jeffreyi . Soil was collected from an early-seral site dominated by Wyethia mollis , a mid-seral site dominated by the shrubs Arctostaphylos patula, Ceanothus prostratus, C. velutinus , and Purshia tridentata , and a late-seral site dominated by mature Pinus . These sites were compared for nutrient content, Pinus seedling growth capacity, and microbial population size. Soil (0-33 cm) from the early-seral site had the lowest C, microbial biomass, and fungal and bacterial populations. There were no consistent trends in soil nutrient content among sites. The early-seral site had the lowest soil Ca and Mg contents but also had a lower C/N ratio and more than twofold greater P content than either the mid- or late-seral site. Pinus seedling growth and foliar nutrient concentrations were compared at 3 harvest dates (220, 314, and 417 days after germination) in a greenhouse bioassay. The treatment design was a 3 × 2 factorial with soil from each of the 3 sites either with or without Pinus seedlings. Pots without seedlings were used as controls to assess the effects of seedlings on microbial biomass. Seedling growth in the early-seral soil was initially suppressed in comparison to growth in the mid-seral soil, but by the final harvest total seedling weight was similar between these 2 treatments. The most obvious treatment effect was a reduction in growth for seedlings planted in lateseral soil, probably due to a nutrient imbalance in the soil. Seedlings grown in late-seral soil had Fe and Al levels that were nearly twice those of seedlings grown in early- and mid-seral soils. Microbial biomass followed a temporal pattern similar to that found for seedling growth. Differences in microbial biomass between the early- and mid-seral soils, although initially large, were not detected by the final harvest. We interpret these results to indicate that allelopathy or soil nutrient deficiencies resulting from the presence of Wyethia are unlikely to be responsible for limited growth of Pinus seedlings in Wyethia -dominated stands.
The Worlds the Shawnees Made: Migration and Violence in Early America

Review of: "The Worlds the Shawnees Made: Migration and Violence in Early America," by Stephen Warren
Integrated surface/subsurface permafrost thermal hydrology: Model formulation and proof‐of‐concept simulations

The need to understand potential climate impacts and feedbacks in Arctic regions has prompted recent interest in modeling of permafrost dynamics in a warming climate. A new fine-scale integrated surface/subsurface thermal hydrology modeling capability is described and demonstrated in proof-of-concept simulations. The new modeling capability combines a surface energy balance model with recently developed three-dimensional subsurface thermal hydrology models and new models for nonisothermal surface water flows and snow distribution in the microtopography. Surface water flows are modeled using the diffusion wave equation extended to include energy transport and phase change of ponded water. Variation of snow depth in the microtopography, physically the result of wind scour, is also modeled heuristically with a diffusion wave equation. The multiple surface and subsurface processes are implemented by leveraging highly parallel community software. Fully integrated thermal hydrology simulations on the tilted open book catchment, an important test case for integrated surface/subsurface flow modeling, are presented. Fine-scale 100-year projections of the integrated permafrost thermal hydrological system on an ice wedge polygon at Barrow Alaska in a warming climate are also presented. Finally, these simulations demonstrate the feasibility of microtopography-resolving, process-rich simulations as a tool to help understand possible future evolution of the carbon-rich Arcticmore » tundra in a warming climate.« less
Parameter Optimization of PEMFC with Genetic Algorithm

This paper provides a review of recent research in the application of genetic algorithms to proton exchange membrane fuel cell parameter optimization.
Images of Play Experiences through a Child's Lens: An Exploration of Play and Digital Media with Young Children.

This research documents the use of digital media by young children in outdoor play spaces. The research was conducted at a child care center on an urban university campus in the southeastern USA. The research employed a participatory design and used a qualitative, reflexive approach to include the child’s voice, ideas, and understandings of their play through the use of child-created, digital images. Four forms of digital imagery were evident: performance imagery in which an image or scene was orchestrated; live action imagery in which a playful experience was created so that the photographer or videographer would appear on film; documentary imagery in which the camera became a tool to capture or describe an everyday image or event; and mobile image audiencing in which the original photographer or videographer was unintentionally captured in the digital record or intentionally recorded by other children as the original artist paused to review, edit, or display their work to others. Children displayed a sophisticated understanding of how they could construct or co-construct knowledge, culture, and identity through the use of digital media. This research provides insight into children’s spontaneous play and their roles as creators and consumers of digital media and imagery.
The Politics and Management of Agencies

The countries of Central and Eastern Europe have not been immune to the appeal of the agency model, and this approach to public governance has now been widely diffused among these countries. These reforms, like all others, must be institutionalized to be effective and the autonomy created by agencies may require subsequent reforms. This introductory article describes the agency approach within the contest of Central and Eastern Europe, and discusses the political and administrative consequences of these reforms.
Dipolar phonons and electronic screening in monolayer FeSe on SrTiO 3

Monolayer films of FeSe grown on ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ substrates exhibit significantly higher superconducting transition temperatures than those of bulk FeSe. Interaction of electrons in the FeSe layer with dipolar ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ phonons has been suggested as the cause of the enhanced transition temperature. In this paper we systematically study the coupling of ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ longitudinal-optical phonons to the FeSe electron, including also electron-electron Coulomb interactions at the random phase approximation level. We find that the electron-phonon interaction between FeSe and ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ substrate is almost entirely screened by the electronic fluctuations in the FeSe monolayer, so that the net electron-phonon interaction is very weak and unlikely to lead to superconductivity.
Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part XIII. Status of Afrotropical subgenera of Euconnus: Cephaloconnus , Cerviconnus , Ursoconnus and Nodoconnus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)

Status of four Afrotropical subgenera of Euconnus Thomson is clarified. Examination of the type species of Cephaloconnus Franz, Cerviconnus Franz, Ursoconnus Franz and Nodoconnus Franz led to the following conclusions: i) Cephaloconnus and Cerviconnus are placed as junior synonyms of Napochus Thomson; ii) Ursoconnus is placed as a junior synonym of Euconophron Reitter; iii) Nodoconnus is maintained as a valid name and a subgenus of Euconnus . An emended diagnosis and redescription of Nodoconnus is given, and the lectotype is designated for its type species, Euconnus gomyanus Franz.
Toolpath allocation and scheduling for concurrent fused filament fabrication with multiple extruders

Fused filament fabrication, like most layer-wise additive manufacturing processes, is hindered by low production rates and scalability issues. Concurrent fused filament fabrication mitigates these ...
Healthcare provider perceptions of the role of interprofessional care in access to and outcomes of primary care in an underserved area.

To meet the needs of an aging population who often have multiple chronic conditions, interprofessional care is increasingly adopted by patient-centred medical homes and Accountable Care Organisatio...