cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Novel small Cajal-body-specific RNAs identified in Drosophila: probing guide RNA function.

The spliceosomal small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are modified post-transcriptionally by introduction of pseudouridines and 2′-O-methyl modifications, which are mediated by box H/ACA and box C/D guide RNAs, respectively. Because of their concentration in the nuclear Cajal body (CB), these guide RNAs are known as small CB-specific (sca) RNAs. In the cell, scaRNAs are associated with the WD-repeat protein WDR79. We used coimmunoprecipitation with WDR79 to recover seven new scaRNAs from Drosophila cell lysates. We demonstrated concentration of these new scaRNAs in the CB by in situ hybridization, and we verified experimentally that they can modify their putative target RNAs. Surprisingly, one of the new scaRNAs targets U6 snRNA, whose modification is generally assumed to occur in the nucleolus, not in the CB. Two other scaRNAs have dual guide functions, one for an snRNA and one for 28S rRNA. Again, the modification of 28S rRNA is assumed to take place in the nucleolus. These findings suggest that canonical scaRNAs may have functions in addition to their established role in modifying U1, U2, U4, and U5 snRNAs. We discuss the likelihood that processing by scaRNAs is not limited to the CB.
Application of fiber laser for a Higgs factory

This paper proposes a medium size (∼ 6 km) circular Higgs factory based on a photon collider. The recent breakthrough in fiber laser technology by means of a coherent amplifier network makes such a collider feasible and probably also affordable.
A mechanistic model for estimating VOC emissions from industrial process drains part I: The underlying channel

Recent research has indicated the potential for emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industrial process drains, and a need for better understanding of the mass transfer kinetics associated with such emissions. In this study, a two-zone model was developed in an effort to isolate individual mass transfer mechanisms. Zone 1, described in this paper, consists of the underlying channel in either a sealed or unsealed drain. A series of nine experiments were completed on a laboratory drain system over a range of operating conditions to determine mass transfer parameters. Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients were highly correlated with liquid flowrate for both sealed and unsealed drains. Gas-phase mass transfer coefficients were less predictable, but were relatively constant.
Entropic Disorder: New Frontiers in Environmental Sociology

Environmental sociologists have identified various facets of anthropogenic ecological degradation such as deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, natural resource depletion, and water and land pol...
Post-treatment weight change in oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been increasing. Treatment regimens have evolved. These changes might result in alterations of assumed treatment-related weight changes for HNC patients. We aimed to compare the trajectory of pre- to post-treatment weight changes of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) versus oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) patients and to compare weight changes between patients with primary surgery ± adjuvant therapy to patients with primary radiation and/or chemotherapy. This retrospective cohort study examined adult OPSCC and OCSCC patients with initial definitive treatment at the University of Pennsylvania from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2010. Patient demographics, medical history, treatments, and pre- and post-treatment body weight data were collected from electronic medical records. Mixed-effects modeling was performed. Among 354 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 290 (82 %) survivors were available for inclusion by 24-month follow-up. More than 70 % OPSCC and OCSCC patients were overweight or obese at all pre- and post-treatment time points. The average weight among OPSCC patients was 6.63 kg higher than OCSCC patients at all time points (mean = 6.63, 95 % confidence interval (CI), 2.46–10.79, p = 0.002). After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with primary surgery had significantly more weight gain from pre-treatment to 12–18 month post-treatment follow-up as compared to patients with primary radiation and/or chemotherapy (adjusted mean = 4.01, 95 % CI, 0.16–7.87, p = 0.041). Overweight and obesity may be a new challenge in OPSCC and OCSCC patient care. Further study is needed to evaluate whether exercise and nutritional interventions can improve their survivorship.
Psychoneuroimmunology and innovative behavioral interventions in patients with leukemia.

Purpose/objectives To review current research examining the effects of behavioral interventions on reducing symptom distress and improving quality of life in patients with cancer and to explore the application of behavioral interventions to patients with leukemia who are immunosuppressed by the disease or its treatment. Data sources Published books, journal articles, and personal experiences. Data synthesis Interventions such as relaxation training, guided imagery, attentional/cognitive distraction, and therapeutic touch have been found to reduce pain, anxiety, and chemotherapy-related side effects, to elicit the relaxation response, and to improve several aspects of immune function in patients with cancer. Conclusions A multicomponent, long-term program of behavioral interventions may provide the greatest and most lasting benefit, but it may be very challenging to implement. However, simple relaxation techniques are not difficult to learn, are not particularly time-consuming or costly to practice, and can be used anywhere. Implications for nursing practice Nurses in virtually any setting easily can incorporate behavioral modalities into their practices and help patients with leukemia to reduce their physiologic arousal and symptom distress. Nursing research examining the effects of behavioral interventions on immunocompetence and cancer pain in patients with leukemia is needed.
EDI and EDI Alliances: Implications for the Sales Forecasting Function

While literature has noted EDI’s effect on channel management, one overlooked area is how EDI may impact the sales forecasting function. This oversight is surprising since EDI helps to reduce uncertainty between the customer and supplier to improve demand prediction, which is a primary responsibility of sales forecasting. This article discusses EDI’s implications for the sales forecasting function, as well as how channels entirely linked via EDI might diminish the need for the tactical sales forecasting function. Propositions are developed to outline implications, stimulate thinking, and encourage further study by practitioners and researchers alike.
Cup containment and orientation in cemented total hip arthroplasties

We reviewed the radiographs of 864 Charnley and STH (Zimmer) cemented total hip arthroplasties with a mean follow-up of seven years (maximum 16 years). Survivorship analysis was used to assess the correlation between radiographic performance and the bony containment or the coronal orientation of the acetabular cup. The cup orientation and containment were interrelated; all vertically oriented cups were completely contained, whereas 25% of more horizontal cups were only partially contained. Completely contained cups had significantly lower incidences of complete cement-bone radiolucency (p = 0.02) and of wear (p = 0.09). Vertically oriented cups had a lower incidence of continuous radiolucency than neutrally oriented cups, but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.25). Our results confirm the importance of complete bony containment, and also indicate that it is better to accept vertical orientation and obtain full bony coverage than to have a more horizontal orientation with partial containment.
The uptake and incorporation of leucine and cystine by the mycelial and yeastlike phases of Blastomyces dermatitidis.

Uptake and incorporation of L-leucine-C14 and L-cystine-S35 was studied in the mycelial [MP] and yeastlike [YP] phases of the dimorphic fungal pathogen,Blastomyces dermatitidis. Both amino acids entered the cells of the two morphological forms ofB. dermatitidis by a permease-like system at low external concentrations of substrate. At high substrate levels, the amino acids entered the cells by a simple diffusion-like process in addition to the permease-like system. Michaelis-Menten constants [Km] for L-leucine was found to be 1.1×10−5 M and 4.4×10−5 M for the MP and YP phases, respectively. The Km for L-cystine was found to be 1.0×10−5 M for the MP and 0.5×10−5 M for the YP. A requirement for energy supplied by metabolic activity was demonstrated by the inhibition of uptake and incorporation of the amino acids by cells incubated with either 2,4-dinitrophenol or sodium azide. Amino acid uptake was broadly tolerant of hydrogen ion concentration, but definite optima were demonstrated at pH 7.0 to 7.5.
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Species Differences in the Disposal of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)

SummaryCatalase and the glutathione system containing GPX and GR offer the PMN two mechanisms for disposal of peroxide during phagocytosis. Catalase requires peroxide as substrate whereas GPX requires peroxide and reduced glutathione which is regenerated by GR and NADPH from the HMP shunt. Impairment of either system may lead to accumulation of toxic amounts of peroxide potentially affecting phagocytic function. The activities of catalase compared to GPX and GR were reciprocally related in four mammalian species. Rat and mouse PMNs had negligible catalase activities and enhanced HMP shunt activity reflecting their relative dependence on the more active GPX and GR enzyme systems compared to human and guinea pig PMN which depend more heavily on the cytoplasmic catalase for disposal of peroxide.
Templated Formation of Ordered Metallic Nano-Particle Arrays

We have used interference lithography to create surfaces with di-periodic topography with periods less than 400 nm and formed gold particle arrays on these substrates through the dewetting of thin solid films. Under appropriate conditions, we have found that dewetting of gold films on di-periodic arrays of {111} bound pits in silicon leads to periodic square arrays of particles with very narrow size distributions. In addition, we find that topography can significantly reduce the diameter of particles formed by the dewetting process. We present a mechanism for this self-organization process based on modulation of the local curvature of a conformal film on topography.
Are offshore phytoplankton susceptible to Karenia brevis allelopathy

The bloom-forming dinoflagellate Karenia brevis produces a suite of allelopathic compounds that inhibit the growth of several phytoplankton competitors in laboratory experiments. However, it is less clear how allelopathy affects competition in the field, including whether allelopathic compounds impact K. brevis bloom dynamics. We investigated the extent to which phytoplankton species typically found offshore in the Gulf of Mexico, where K. brevis blooms initiate, are sensitive to K. brevis allelopathy. Natural assemblages of offshore phytoplankton dominated by diatoms were largely resistant to K. brevis allelopathy, even experiencing slight stimulation of growth from exposure to K. brevis exudates. When tested in pair-wise laboratory experiments, four diatom species often found offshore in the Gulf of Mexico exhibited varying degrees of resistance to K. brevis similar to that observed with field assemblages, although some competitors displayed a trend toward growth inhibition. In concurrent pair-wise laboratory experiments, four diatom species whose nearshore habitats frequently experience dense K. brevis blooms also demonstrated a range of responses to K. brevis allelopathy, from strong sensitivity to resistance. Overall, Gulf of Mexico phytoplankton that co-occur with K. brevis blooms in both nearshore and offshore environments respond variably to K. brevis allelopathy.
Investigation into Seasonal Scavenging Patterns of Raccoons on Human Decomposition

Although raccoons are known as one of the most common scavengers in the U.S., scavenging by these animals has seldom been studied in terms of forensic significance. In this research, the seasonal pattern of raccoon scavenging and its effect on human decomposition was investigated using 178 human cadavers placed at the Anthropological Research Facility (ARF) of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK) between February 2011 and December 2013. The results reveal that (i) the frequency of scavenging increases during summer, (ii) scavenging occurs relatively immediately and lasts shorter in summer months, and (iii) scavenging influences the decomposition process by hollowing limbs and by disturbing insect activities, both of which eventually increases the chance of mummification on the affected body. This information is expected to help forensic investigators identify raccoon scavenging as well as make a more precise interpretation of the effect of raccoon scavenging on bodies at crime scenes.
The Selection of Appropriate Satellite Sources of Impervious Surface Information for Urban Hydrology

Impervious surface is a basic parameter used in hydrologic studies, particularly in urban watersheds. The availability of a new generation satellite image collection systems providing data with a high spatial resolution, in digital format, comparable to what is obtained from aerial photographs, creates a new source of data available to civil engineers involved in hydrologic or stormwater projects. Aerial photography provides a spatial resolution (less than 0.5 m for a large scale photo) that is higher than what can be obtained from civilian satellites (i.e., 0.6 to 4.0 m range), however, there are a number satellite image characteristics that make them a preferred source of impervious data for some applications. The major advantages of satellite images over aerial photographs are the capability (1) to provide up-to-date information for an area of interest, (2) to allow for digital data processing and integration with other digital datasets and (3) to produce color displays. This paper presents results of the use of medium and high spatial resolution satellite image data to estimate the impervious surface areas in Springfield, Columbia and Ashland, Missouri and Overland Park, Kansas urban watersheds. The results provide an important overview of quality of the results that can be expected for urban watersheds characterized by different development patterns, building densities and varying amounts of vegetation (trees and grass). The results provide guidance on the use of satellite image data to produce impervious surface estimates required by most hydrologic studies. The results of this study are valuable to the profession because existing regulatory programs such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) National Flood Insurance Program and the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Phase I and Phase II storm water regulations require proactive actions to measure the impact of land use/land cover and storm water runoff on water quantity and quality. The results presented in this paper are a contribution to the state-of-the-art methodology applicable to urban hydrology projects by formulating guidelines to determine what satellite data sources are appropriate for a given application or modeling effort.
The Acquisition of Political Information

Downs (1957) first noted the twin enigmas of democracy: that it is not in the self interest of citizens either to vote or to become informed about politics. Much attention has been given to the voting problem, but less attention has been given to the second enigma. Herein, I focus upon the question of why individuals acquire political information. I argue that the inclusion of weak altruism solves the information enigma. I present a formal, decision-theoretic analysis of information acquisition, which produces informed voters. The model offers an instrumental explanation, as opposed to the expressive and civic duty explanations, which now dominate the literature. I then test three hypotheses which follow from the comparative statics that: weak altruism, income and knowledge all increase the incentive of an individual to acquire political information. The evidence presented herein supports all the hypotheses from my analysis. By contrast, the central prediction of the consumption theories is that independent voters will acquire more information than partisans. The evidence rejects this prediction.
Challenges and opportunities in the care of Asian American patients.

In cases such as this, patients are often told, “You don't need treatment now,” but they only hear, “You are fine.” Subsequent failure to follow up may result from a combination of issues related to health literacy, educational attainment, linguistic barriers, and cultural differences.
Coexistence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Peninsular Florida Two Decades After Competitive Displacements.

The spread of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) eastward in the mid-1980s from its initial establishment in Houston, TX, was associated with rapid declines and local disappearances of Aedes aegypti (L.) in Gulf Coast states and Florida where annual larval surveillance during the early 1990s described temporal and spatial patterns of competitive displacements in cemeteries and tire shops. Approximately 20 yr later in 2013-2014, we re-visited former collection sites and sampled aquatic immatures of these two species from tire shops in 10 cities on State Route 441 and from 9 cemeteries from Lakeland to Miami in southwest Florida. In the recent samples Ae. aegypti was recovered from three central Florida cities where it had not been detected in 1994, but its northern limit on Rte. 441, Apopka, did not change. Other evidence, such as trends at a few cemeteries, suggested a moderate resurgence of this species since 1994. Cage experiments that exposed female progeny of Ae. aegypti from recent Florida collection sites to interspecific mating by Ae. albopictus males showed that females from coexistence sites had evolved resistance to cross-mating, but Ae. aegypti from sites with no Ae. albopictus were relatively susceptible to satyrization. Habitat classifications of collection sites were reduced by principal component (PC) analysis to four variables that accounted for > 99% of variances; PCs with strong positive loadings for tree cover and ground vegetation were associated with collection sites yielding only Ae. albopictus Within the coexistence range of the two species, the numbers of Ae. aegypti among total Aedes collected were strongly correlated in stepwise logistic regression models with two habitat-derived PCs, distance from the coast, and annual rainfall and mean maximum temperatures at the nearest weather station. Subtle increases in the range of Ae. aegypti since its previous displacements are interpreted in the context of the evolution of resistance to mating interference, realized versus fundamental niches of the two species, and persisting competition with Ae. albopictus.
Jesuit thalassology reconsidered: the Mediterranean and the geopolitics of Jesuit missionary aims in seventeenth-century Ethiopia

During the second half of the sixteenth century, the Society of Jesus relied heavily on Portuguese trade routes in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans in order to reach Ethiopia. However, geopolitical shifts, particularly the rise of Ottoman sea power in the Indian Ocean and the Spanish conquest of Portugal in 1580, ended this route’s viability for the Jesuits. In order to sustain Jesuit connections with Ethiopia, Father General Mutio Vitelleschi decided in 1627 to abandon the Portuguese and send four Jesuits with French passports through Ottoman territory and up the Nile, whence they would travel overland into Ethiopia. After arriving in Egypt, however, the Jesuits were arrested, interrogated and expelled by the Ottoman governor, who suspected that they were Habsburg spies. The course of this failed Jesuit effort to reach Ethiopia has three important implications for our understanding of the Mediterranean and its relationship with other sea spaces in terms of early modern empire building and Catholic evangeli...
Big Cat Coalitions: A Comparative Analysis of Regional Brain Volumes in Felidae

Broad-based species comparisons across mammalian orders suggest a number of factors that might influence the evolution of large brains. However, the relationship between these factors and total and regional brain size remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between relative brain size and regional brain volumes and sociality in 13 felid species in hopes of revealing relationships that are not detected in more inclusive comparative studies. In addition, a more detailed analysis was conducted of 4 focal species: lions (Panthera leo), leopards (Panthera pardus), cougars (Puma concolor), and cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). These species differ markedly in sociality and behavioral flexibility, factors hypothesized to contribute to increased relative brain size and/or frontal cortex size. Lions are the only truly social species, living in prides. Although cheetahs are largely solitary, males often form small groups. Both leopards and cougars are solitary. Of the four species, leopards exhibit the most behavioral flexibility, readily adapting to changing circumstances. Regional brain volumes were analyzed using computed tomography (CT). Skulls (n=75) were scanned to create three-dimensional virtual endocasts, and regional brain volumes were measured using either sulcal or bony landmarks obtained from the endocasts or skulls. Phylogenetic least squares (PGLS) regression analyses found that sociality does not correspond with larger relative brain size in these species. However, the sociality/solitary variable significantly predicted anterior cerebrum (AC) volume, a region that includes frontal cortex. This latter finding is despite the fact that the two social species in our sample, lions and cheetahs, possess the largest and smallest relative AC volumes, respectively. Additionally, an ANOVA comparing regional brain volumes in 4 focal species revealed that lions and leopards, while not significantly different from one another, have relatively larger AC volumes than are found in cheetahs or cougars. Further, female lions possess a significantly larger AC volume than conspecific males; female lion values were also larger than those of the other three species (regardless of sex). These results may reflect greater complexity in a female lion’s social world, but additional studies are necessary. These data suggest that within family comparisons may reveal variations not easily detected by broad comparative analyses.
Leisure-time, occupational, household physical activity and insulin resistance (HOMAIR) in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) national study of adults.

Abstract Physical activity is a critical cornerstone of successful diabetes prevention and management. Current U.S. physical activity guidelines do not differentiate among physical activity for leisure, work, or other purposes, effectively implying that physical activity in any domain confers the same health benefits. It is currently unknown whether physical activity performed in different domains (leisure-time physical activity = LTPA, occupational physical activity = OPA, and household physical activity = HPA) is associated with insulin resistance. The associations between LTPA, OPA, HPA, and insulin resistance (indexed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance = HOMAIR) were determined in the MIDUS (Midlife in the U.S.; 1995–2006) national study (N = 1229, ages 34–84). Not meeting physical activity guidelines with LTPA was associated with a 34% higher HOMAIR among participants with diabetes, 42% higher HOMAIR among participants with prediabetes, and 17% higher HOMAIR among participants with normal glucoregulation. These associations were slightly attenuated but remained significant after further adjusting for obesity status, education, smoking, and alcohol intake. There was no evidence that engaging in OPA or HPA was significantly associated with HOMAIR. These results confirm the health-promoting role of LTPA and suggest that LTPA may provide unique glucoregulatory benefits, as opposed to HPA and OPA. Physical activity domain is an important dimension that potentially belongs in the guidelines, similarly to intensity, frequency, duration, and type.
Crafting the news

Courses: This activity could be used in a basic public-speaking course to demonstrate messaging and the development of the three pillars of public speaking: content, organization, and delivery. In a basic communication course, this activity would help illustrate the process of communication (sender, receiver, feedback, channel, etc.). A mass communication class can use this activity to discuss the power of news outlets and social media while digging into mass communication theory (agenda setting, computer mediated communication, framing, etc.).Objectives: Through collaboration with teammates, small groups of students will develop a three- to five-minute news segment that will be posted on YouTube upon completion. Through social-media distribution of the YouTube link, this news clip must attract a certain number (the final number can be determined by the instructor) of viewers in a specified time limit. Student participants will be responsible for identifying valid sources and compiling credible informatio...
Prevalence of Protective Shielding Utilization for Radiation Dose Reduction in Adult Patients Undergoing Body Scanning Using Computed Tomography

Abstract Purpose: Ionizing radiation is implicated in nearly 2% of malignancies in the United States; radiation shields prevent unnecessary radiation exposure during medical imaging. Contemporary radiation shield utilization for adult patients in the United States is poorly defined. Therefore, we evaluated the prevalence of protective shielding utilization in adult patients undergoing CT scans in United States' hospitals. Materials and Methods: An online survey was sent to established radiology departments randomly selected from the 2015 American Hospital Association Guide. Radiology departments conducting adult CT imaging were eligible; among 370 eligible departments, 215 departments accepted the study participation request. Questions focused on shielding practices during CT imaging of the eyes, thyroid, breasts, and gonads. Prevalence data were stratified per hospital location, size, and type. Main outcomes included overall protective shielding utilization, respondents' belief and knowledge regarding ra...
Area acoustic and electromagnetic emissions monitoring of 3-phase motors

Equipment malfunction in electric power plant may lead to catastrophic losses which can lead to significant economic losses, as well as harm to the reputation of the utility who is operating the power plant. Therefore, it is desirable to detect anomalous behavior in equipment, that in the future, might lead to damage or failure of that or other connected equipment. Equipment damage can increase operations and maintenance costs as well as result in lost revenue for power producers. A robust and sophisticated monitoring program is likely to avoid such incidences. However, due to the heterogeneity of equipment in an electric power plant, it may be difficult and costly to implement a comprehensive monitoring program. A cost-effective approach is to develop a non-invasive, area-wide monitoring system that, from a distance, can collect signals emitted from a variety of electrical and mechanical equipment and perform data analysis that can reveal potential anomalies or provide an early indication of developing malfunctions. Sensing changes in the acoustic and electromagnetic (AEM) signatures of equipment using sensors that monitor sound pressure (acoustic signature) and electromagnetic data (electromagnetic signature) can be incorporated at a particular angle and distance from the equipment to trend changes in equipment performance, and indicate a potential failure. This type of monitoring is simple, cost-effective, and can survey a large area for the purpose of improving equipment reliability.
Repetitive behaviors in autism are linked to imbalance of corticostriatal connectivity: a functional connectivity MRI study.

The neural underpinnings of repetitive behaviors (RBs) in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), ranging from cognitive to motor characteristics, remain unknown. We assessed RB symptomatology in 50 ASD and 52 typically developing (TD) children and adolescents (ages 8-17 years), examining intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of corticostriatal circuitry, which is important for reward-based learning and integration of emotional, cognitive and motor processing, and considered impaired in ASDs. Connectivity analyses were performed for three functionally distinct striatal seeds (limbic, frontoparietal and motor). Functional connectivity with cortical regions of interest was assessed for corticostriatal circuit connectivity indices and ratios, testing the balance of connectivity between circuits. Results showed corticostriatal overconnectivity of limbic and frontoparietal seeds, but underconnectivity of motor seeds. Correlations with RBs were found for connectivity between the striatal motor seeds and cortical motor clusters from the whole-brain analysis, and for frontoparietal/limbic and motor/limbic connectivity ratios. Division of ASD participants into high (n = 17) and low RB subgroups (n = 19) showed reduced frontoparietal/limbic and motor/limbic circuit ratios for high RB compared to low RB and TD groups in the right hemisphere. Results suggest an association between RBs and an imbalance of corticostriatal iFC in ASD, being increased for limbic, but reduced for frontoparietal and motor circuits.
Endovascular management of an acute type B aortic dissection in a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia.

Abstract We report the case of a 44-year-old woman who developed an acute type B aortic dissection caused by an entry tear from an aneurysmal left common iliac artery that extended retrograde to the proximal descending thoracic aorta. She experienced refractory chest pain despite optimal medical management, thereby indicating repair. Endovascular aortic repair was subsequently performed. Intraoperatively, fibromuscular dysplasia was diagnosed by the characteristic appearance of her renal arteries. The patient tolerated the procedure and had resolution of her chest pain. In summary, we present a highly unusual case of type B aortic dissection resulting from a retrograde common iliac artery tear in a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia.
Complex Representations of Metacyclic Groups

(1979). Complex Representations of Metacyclic Groups. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 86, No. 1, pp. 47-48.
The Roles of Social Complexity Belief and Perceived Contact Characteristics in Cultural Intelligence Development Among Individuals Receiving Contact-Based Training:

Contact-based cross-cultural training (CCT) is essential in cultural intelligence (CQ) development; however, little is known about how individual differences and training characteristics influence ...
Non-Commutative Geometry and Mathematical Physics

However, the flow of knowledge in the reverse direction, from mathematics to physics, has been more limited. There has been a prejudice among physicists that modern mathematics is unnecessary for the future evolution of physics. In the early 1960's, Res Jost introduced a series of lectures with the observation that for many physicists, an appropriate knowledge of mathematics comprised, "a familiarity with the Greek and Latin alphabets." This reference to the study of perturbation theory reflected the enormous distance between the mathematics and physics communities, just 30 years ago. To put quantum field theory on a logical level, mathematics has been developed over these 30 years in the areas of partial differential equations, in probability theory, in analysis, and in geometry of infinite dimensional manifolds. In other words, one developed tools to study functions on the infinite dimensional configuration space or phase space of the quantum fields. This work was carried out by the "traditional" community of mathematical physicists, but it was more or less ignored by the majority of theoretical physicists. Eventually, theoretical physicists themselves began to take an interest in abstract mathematics. Beginning with the mathematical study of gauge theories in the late 1970's, and carried on in a widespead way due to the popularity of string theory among theoretical physicists in the mid 1980's, the mathematical methods used by physicists became more sophisticated. Through string theory, links were made between problems worked on by physicists and frontier problems in algebraic geometry, number theory, and representation
PREHISTORIC SHELLFISH USE AT GREENWICH COVE

Shellfishing has been well established at Greenwich Cove. Although at least seven species were represented in the midden, only three—quahog, soft-shelled clam, and oyster—had major economic significance during prehistoric times. The fourth most abundant species, that is, bay scallop never represented more than 2.4% of the individuals recorded for any single occupation. A detailed analysis of the remains in the shell midden at Greenwich Cove revealed a number of interesting patterns, among them a change in the relative importance of the various species during the Woodland occupation. In comparison with many other species of bivalves, the soft-shelled clam can tolerate substantial environmental fluctuations, a tolerance that may in part account for its persistence as an important food source throughout the period represented in the Greenwich Cove midden.
Introduction to the 50th Anniversary of 12 Angry Men

I have had the opportunity to organize two academic panels on the subject of this Symposium, The 50th Anniversary of 12 Angry Men. Each panel included several of the contributors to this Symposium. The first panel was held at the Association of American Law Schools (“AALS”) Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., in January 20071 and the second panel was held at the Law & Society Association Annual Meeting in Berlin, Germany, in July 2007.2 As the organizer of these two panels, I felt that I owed it to the audiences to address at least two questions: Why this movie? Why now? These two questions are also a useful starting point for this Symposium.
Glycogenated Squamous Epithelial Cells as a Marker of Foreign Body Penetration in Sexual Assault

Nonconsensual insertion of a foreign object into the vagina, anus, or mouth in some judicial jurisdictions is synonymous with rape, and elsewhere may constitute some degree of sexual assault or battery. Few techniques, however, are available to assist the criminalist in determining whether an object has been criminally inserted. Glycogenated epithelial cells have been used as a marker for vaginal epithelium, and as such, may indicate vaginal insertion if recovered from an object. This hypothesis was tested by studying orally and vaginally inserted objects from 42 volunteers and 20 rectally inserted objects recovered from cadavers. Glycogen positivity was assayed from smears of object swabbings stained with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique. More than 75 glycogen positive cells were recovered from 39 of 42 vaginally inserted objects. Glycogenated cells were recovered from 8 of 20 rectally inserted objects (5 with more than 100 positive cells). Of 42 orally inserted objects, 32 also contained glycogen positive cells, but none with more than 28 positive cells. No glycogen positive cells were seen in skin exposed but not inserted objects. Large numbers of glycogen cells were seen in dried saliva drops. Amylase activity was not seen on 5 of 20 orally inserted shields, and thus the possibility of noninsertional saliva contamination could not be ruled out with shields yielding only small numbers of positive cells. Recovery of large numbers of glycogenated cells from foreign objects is strongly suggestive of either vaginal or anal insertion assuming amylase negativity. Glycogen positive cells are not seen secondary to glabrous skin exposure.
Watch Your Distance: The Role of Laser Fiber Working Distance on Fragmentation When Altering Pulse Width or Modulation.

Abstract Introduction: The Moses technology for the Ho:YAG laser introduces a pulse-shape modulation that optimizes energy delivery through water and can be utilized for lithotripsy at a distance f...
The Effects of Financing Frictions in Investment-Grade Debt Markets

We show that investors reach for yield by taking more duration risk along with more credit risk. The two types of risk-taking behavior have opposite effects on borrowing firms. Higher credit risk-taking increases credit supply to riskier firms. Higher duration risk-taking by investors pushes firms to extend issuance maturity and pay higher interest rates to obtain capital. These firms reduce borrowing and investment as a result. The underlying mechanism is the presence of supply-side frictions in investment-grade corporate debt markets. The results suggest that policymakers should take investor risk choice into account when evaluating the stimulative benefits of low interest rates.
Sarcoidosis Uveitis Mimicking the Presentation of Intraocular Lymphoma

We aimed to report a case of sarcoidosis presenting with atypical clinical findings that mimicked intraocular lymphoma. A 73-year-old female presented with flashes and decreased vision in her left eye over a 2-week period. The patient had no previous ocular medical history. Initial fundal examination revealed vitritis (vitreous inflammation) with retinal hemorrhage and subretinal yellowish lesions in the left eye. All tests were negative for infectious causes. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was normal. Flow cytometric analysis of vitreous showed a suspicious CD4 + T lymphoid population missing CD7 surface antigen and an elevated CD4/CD8 ratio. Chest CT showed hilar lymphadenopathy. Clinical findings to this point raised the suspicion of lymphoma. Hilar lymph node biopsy demonstrated granulomatous inflammation, confirming the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis presenting with uveitis in an elderly patient may pose a diagnostic challenge due to variable presentation and absence of diagnostic criteria. Retinitis and subretinal infiltrates can be a misleading clinical finding of sarcoidosis masquerading as an intraocular oncologic process such as lymphoma. J Med Cases. 2019;10(1):4-7 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jmc3190
Hamlet’s Tears

This essay begins by asking whether the grieving Hamlet weeps when he makes his wish ‘that this too, too sullied flesh would melt / Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew’ (1.2.133–134). Cognizant of the fact that critics are more often concerned with whether Hamlet actually says ‘sullied’, ‘sallied’, ‘solid’, or ‘grieved and sallied’ than whether or not he sheds tears as he says it, this essay argues nonetheless that Hamlet expresses not just a death wish in the first soliloquy—a temptation to suicide—, but also that he actively seeks Ovidian transformation in the form of a watery metamorphosis. Indeed, the desire to weep becomes a powerful engine of tragic catharsis despite the period’s profound reservations about mourning.
Thank you reviewers- CytoJournal 2006

The Editorial Board of CytoJournal devotes significant efforts, time, and resources to review numerous manuscripts. As it is impossible to include all the experts on the editorial board, there is always a need for additional peers who are requested to join periodically to act as 'academic editors' and reviewers. We take this opportunity to thank all the reviewers and academic editors who offered their time and efforts by participating in peer-review process for CytoJournal manuscripts. We request their continued enthusiasm to support this important academic exercise.
Small is Necessary: Shared Living on a Shared Planet

Small is Necessary: Shared Living on a Shared Planet is a well-researched book that documents the ways in which societies can improve housing affordability and sustainability. Anitra Nelson present...
Adverse effects of early bilateral oophorectomy on body composition: Results from a nationally representative sample of United States women.

1568Background: Prior studies suggest that bilateral oophorectomy (BO), a common cancer prevention strategy, may be associated with adiposity. However, the impact of BO on lean mass, a potential ma...
Sigma-1 receptor ligand PD144418 and sigma-2 receptor ligand YUN-252 attenuate the stimulant effects of methamphetamine in mice

Previous research indicates that the selective sigma-1 receptor ligand PD144418 and the selective sigma-2 ligands YUN-252 can inhibit cocaine-induced hyperactivity. The effects of these ligands on other stimulants, such as methamphetamine, have not been reported. The present study examined the effects of PD144418 and YUN-252 pretreatment on methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity after acute treatment. Mice (n = 8–14/group) were injected with PD144418 (3.16, 10, or 31.6 μmol/kg), YUN-252 (0.316, 3.16, 31.6 μmol/kg), or saline. After 15 min, mice injected with 2.69 μmol/kg methamphetamine or saline vehicle, where distance traveled during a 60-min period was recorded. Additionally, the effect of PD144418 on the initiation and expression of methamphetamine sensitization was determined by treating mice (n = 8–14/group) with PD144418, methamphetamine or saline repeatedly over a 5-day period, and testing said mice with a challenge dose after a 7-day withdrawal period. Results indicate that both PD144418 and YUN-252, in a dose-dependent manner, attenuated hyperactivity induced by an acute methamphetamine injection. Specifically, 10 μmol/kg or 31.6 μmol/kg of PD144418 and 31 μmol/kg of YUN-252 suppressed methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity. In regard to methamphetamine sensitization, while 10 μmol/kg PD144418 prevented the initiation of methamphetamine sensitization, it did not have an effect on the expression. Overall, the current results suggest an intriguing potential for this novel sigma receptor ligand as a treatment for the addictive properties of methamphetamine. Future analysis of this novel sigma receptor ligand in assays directly measuring reinforcement properties will be critical.
Needlework: Forging Pedagogical Spaces Through Fabric Patterns, Mapping, and Childbirth

I've become part of a group of women, brought together by the accident of common interest, who care deeply about each other, who share concerns and support each other emotionally. Our commitment to...
P70 Hands-On Culinary Education Program for Youth Improves Cooking Skills, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, Behaviors, and Food Preferences

Objective Evaluate the impact of a revised version of the Illinois Junior Chefs (IJC) program using pre- and post-intervention surveys and observational assessments of hands-on cooking skills. Use of Theory or Research To date, evaluations of nutrition education and cooking programs in youth have been limited to self-reported assessments of cooking skills. Along with using an established IJC survey, this study developed a novel observational protocol to assess hands-on cooking skills in youth. Target Audience Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - Education (SNAP-Ed) eligible youth (n = 591) aged 8-13. Program Description IJC is a hands-on culinary and nutrition education program implemented by the University of Illinois Office of Extension and Outreach. IJC is taught over five 2-hour lessons which include nutrition education, culinary skill building activities, recipe preparation, and food tastings. Evaluation Methods Pre- and post-intervention evaluations assessed hands-on cooking skills (observational assessment, n = 37) and psychosocial predictors of dietary behaviors (IJC survey, n = 591). Results Analyses of surveys indicated participants experienced significant improvements pre- to post-intervention in cooking self-efficacy (t(590) = 18.63, P Conclusions IJC participants experienced significant improvements in cooking self-efficacy, attitudes, behaviors, and food preferences. The observational assessment was established as a feasible data collection method which demonstrated significant improvements in youth participants’ cooking skills. Funding SNAP-Ed, USDA, EFNEP, 4-H Foundation.
Innovative forms of rehabilitation: Enhancing communities of practice through the art of drumming

ABSTRACTCommunities of place, practice, and interest have historically been impacted by mind and mood-altering substances for quite some time. The development and strength of informal social bonds ...
New-Onset Diabetes, Longitudinal Trends in Metabolic Markers, and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer in a Heterogeneous Population.

Background & Aims Observational studies of predominantly white populations have found new-onset diabetes to be associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. We sought to determine whether this relationship applies to other races or ethnicities and to identify metabolic profiles associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Methods We conducted a population-based cohort study of Asian, black, Hispanic and white patients from Kaiser Permanente Southern California from 2006 through 2016 (n = 1,499,627). Patients with diabetes were identified based on glucose and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurements. We used Cox regression to assess the relationship between diabetes status and duration and pancreatic cancer. For patients with recent diagnoses of diabetes (1 year or less) we compared longitudinal changes in glucose, HbA1c, and weight, from time of diabetes diagnosis through 3 years prior to the diagnosis, in patients with vs without pancreatic cancer. Results We identified 2,002 incident cases of pancreatic cancer from nearly 7.5 million person-years of follow-up. Compared to patients without diabetes, individuals who received a recent diagnosis of diabetes had an almost 7-fold increase in risk of pancreatic cancer (relative risk, 6.91; 95% CI, 5.76–8.30). Among patients with a recent diagnosis of diabetes, those who developed pancreatic cancer had more rapid increases in levels of glucose (Δslope: cases, 37.47 mg/dL vs non-cases, 27.68 mg/dL) and HbA1c (Δslope: cases, 1.39% vs non-cases, 0.86%) in the month preceding the diagnosis of diabetes, and subtle weight loss in the prior years (slope: cases –0.18 kg/interval vs non-cases 0.33 kg/interval). These longitudinal changes in markers of metabolism were stronger for specific race and ethnic groups. Conclusions In a study of a large ethnically diverse population, we found risk of pancreatic cancer to be increased among patients with a diagnosis of diabetes in the past year among different races and ethnicities. Weight loss and rapid development of poor glycemic control were associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer in multiple races.