cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Finite element analysis of tissue deformation with a radiofrequency ablation electrode for strain imaging

Recent studies have shown that radiofrequency (R-F) electrode displacement or deformation-based strain imaging can be used as an alternate imaging modality to monitor and to evaluate ablative therapies for liver tumors. This paper describes a biomechanical model used to study RF electrode deformation-based strain imaging, in conjunction with a simulated medical ultrasound linear array transducer. The computer simulations reported here are important steps toward understanding this biomechanical system in vivo, thus providing a basis for improving system design, including the motion tracking algorithm and image guidance for performing RF electrode displacement-strain imaging in vivo
Functional Characterization of Core Components of the Bacillus subtilis Cyclic-Di-GMP Signaling Pathway

Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is an intracellular second messenger that regulates adaptation processes, including biofilm formation, motility, and virulence in Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we have characterized the core components of a c-di-GMP signaling pathway in the model Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Specifically, we have directly identified and characterized three active diguanylate cyclases, DgcP, DgcK, and DgcW (formerly YtrP, YhcK, and YkoW, respectively), one active c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase, PdeH (formerly YuxH), and a cyclic-diguanylate (c-di-GMP) receptor, DgrA (formerly YpfA). Furthermore, elevation of c-di-GMP levels in B. subtilis led to inhibition of swarming motility, whereas biofilm formation was unaffected. Our work establishes paradigms for Gram-positive c-di-GMP signaling, and we have shown that the concise signaling system identified in B. subtilis serves as a powerful heterologous host for the study of c-di-GMP enzymes from bacteria predicted to possess larger, more-complex signaling systems.
2.4.1 Integrating Beyond Capability Maturity Models

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has been successfully pursuing integrated process improvement since 1997 using FAA's integrated Capability Maturity Model® (FAA-iCMM®). FAA-iCMM v1.0 integrated three CMMs: the software, systems engineering, and software acquisition models. Version 2.0 additionally integrates several important improvement approaches including ISO 9001:2000, EIA/IS 731, Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, CMMI, ISO/IEC TR 15504, ISO/IEC CD 15288, and ISO/IEC 12207. By integrating beyond CMMs, the FAA-iCMM now contains guidance for improving business and technical processes ranging from enterprise management to operation and disposal. This paper describes FAA-iCMM v2.0, points out specific contributions from new sources, and illustrates some insights gained from taking a broader perspective - when integrating beyond CMMs. The paper will be of interest to any organization that has been using multiple standards and finds that approach too expensive, confusing, or ineffective. It will also be of interest to organizations that do business with the FAA.
Children of National Guard Troops Deployed in the Global War on Terrorism

This study examined deployment effects in children and spouses of National Guard troops using a longitudinal design to assess 18 children (ages 6 to 17 years) and 13 nondeployed spouses before, during, and after deployment. Both self- and parent reports revealed that children of deployed service personnel experienced emotional and behavioral symptoms during the deployment of their fathers relative to pre- and post-deployment. The children's worry and uncertainty, along with aspects of family interactions, may give rise to ambiguous loss associated with deployment in military families.
Cultivated Plants and Cultural Diffusion in Nuclear America

T HE presence of certain plants in an archaeological deposit gives a reliable clue as to whether a particular people depended upon wild plants or had an economy based upon agriculture. The use of plants in tracing cultural diffusion, however, has not always produced clear-cut resulfs-as indicated, for example, by the controversy over cultural connections between the Pacific Islands and Asia with America (Merrill 1950). Of particular concern in the present paper is the area known as Nuclear America which extends from central Mexico to Peru. According to Willey (1955), "the native agricultural civilizations . . . had their beginnings and highest development" in this area, and "the archaeological records in the Middle American and Peruvian centers support the hypothesis of an early and significant contact between the two areas." Chard (1950), however, has argued that the trade between Central and South America was rather late and not particularly significant. In a later paper Willey (1960) points out that it is not clear whether there was an exchange of plants between the early Peruvian and Meso-American farmers, but that definite connections existed by 700 B.C. when maize appeared in Peru. It is the purpose here to try to assess the plant evidence bearing on connections between the high cultural centers of the new world. Such an attempt is premature in many ways but may serve to emphasize some of the significant gaps in our know!edge. The present task was made immensely easier by the publication of Towle's Ethnobotany of Pre-Columbian Peru (1961). Dressler's (1953) and Carl Sauer's (1950) summaries have also been extremely useful. Unfortunately no published floras are complete for any of the major areas under review. However, Standley and Steyermark's Flora of Guatemala (1946) and Standley's other floras of Central American regions and Macbride's Flora of Peru (1936-) have been of help. Recent monographic treatments of various groups have also been consulted. The plants apparently in cultivation in Meso-America, in South America, or in both areas, in prehistoric times are given in Table 1. The list is not complete, but an attempt has been made to include all of the major plants as well as a representative sample of the minor ones, some of which may be better considered semi-cultivated. Plants apparently domesticated in northern Mexico as well as
A back-to-back horn-antenna quasi-optical amplifier

A quasi-optical amplifier suitable for Gaussian-beam applications is presented. The amplifier is based on the integrated horn antenna and uses polarization duplexing to isolate the output beam from the input beam. A prototype hybrid amplifier with a measured gain of 10.6 dB at 6 GHz is reported. The amplifier design is uniplanar and compact, and is compatible with the fabrication process of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) at millimeter-wave frequencies. The design is single-moded and therefore can be used in existing mm-wave systems as a low-noise amplifier stage before the RF mixer or as an amplifier stage in the transmitting circuit. >
Android forensics: Automated data collection and reporting from a mobile device

In this research, a prototype enterprise monitoring system for Android smartphones was developed to continuously collect many data sets of interest to incident responders, security auditors, proactive security monitors, and forensic investigators. Many of the data sets covered were not found in other available enterprise monitoring tools. The prototype system neither requires root privileges nor the exploiting of the Android architecture for proper operation, thereby increasing interoperability among Android devices and avoiding a spyware classification for the system. An anti-forensics analysis on the system was performed to identify and further strengthen areas vulnerable to tampering. The contributions of this research include the release of the first open-source Android enterprise monitoring solution of its kind, a comprehensive guide of data sets available for collection without elevated privileges, and the introduction of a novel design strategy implementing various Android application components useful for monitoring on the Android platform.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF EMISSIONS FROM FUEL-RICH COMBUSTION OF PULVERIZED POLYSTYRENE

This is an investigation on the formation of products of incomplete combustion (PIC) of waste poly(styrene) (PS). Pulverized PS was steadily injected into an externally-heated drop-tube laboratory furnace and burned therein in fuel-rich conditions, corresponding to a bulk equivalence ratio of approximately 2.5. Iso-kinetic and iso-axial sampling with a probe was performed at five different heights along the centerline of the furnace. The goal has been to investigate the evolution of fixed product gases, unburned light volatile organic compounds (VOC) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC), with emphasis to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), along the reaction zone of the furnace. The magnitude of species therein and their respective trends were assessed. The centerline gas temperature was measured by suction thermometry. Moreover, the flow field and gas temperature distribution in the furnace were computed with a 3-dimensional model using the CFD code Fluent. Results showed that of the measured l...
Prostaglandin E2 mediates proliferation and chloride secretion in ADPKD cystic renal epithelia

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contributes to cystogenesis in genetically nonorthologous models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, it remains unknown whether PGE2 induces th...
Swim bladder and posterior lateral line nerve of the nurseryfish, Kurtus gulliveri (Perciformes: Kurtidae).

The morphology of the swim bladder and inner ear of the nurseryfish, Kurtus gulliveri, appear adapted for enhanced pressure wave reception. The sac- cule is enlarged and surrounded by very thin bone and two large fontanelles that would present reduced resistance to pressure waves. The swim bladder is elaborate, with six dorsolaterally projecting pairs of lobes that are tightly encased in ribs and an additional caudally projecting pair of lobes encased in the first hemal spine. The ribs and musculature surrounding the swim bladder laterally are very thin, so that four or five "rib windows" are readily apparent on back-lit specimens. This swim bladder-rib configuration would also present reduced resistance to pressure waves to enhance function as a peripheral audi- tory structure. However, high-resolution X-ray computed tomography and dissection reveal no anterior projections of the swim bladder that could serve as a mechanical coupling to the inner ear. The posterior lateral line nerve is well developed and lies directly over the tips of the ribs encasing the swim bladder lobes. This nerve is not, how- ever, associated with a lateral line canal and a lateral line canal is absent on most of the body. We hypothesize that the posterior lateral line nerve transmits mechanosensory information from the swim bladder. J. Morphol. 260: 193-200, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Quantifying crosstalk among interferon-γ, interleukin-12, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways within a TH1 cell model.

T helper (T H ) cells integrate biochemical cues present in the tissue microenvironment and produce cytokines that orchestrate immune responses. Previous discoveries have revealed a qualitative understanding of how T H cells process this biochemical information; however, the lack of methods to quantify how well these depictions apply to a particular cell type limits our ability to translate our knowledge of the immune response from one biological system to another. We used model-based inference methods and quantitative flow cytometric analysis in mouse T H 1 cells to determine the relative contributions of different putative branches in the signaling network that responds to the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12), which links innate and adaptive immunity. The response of T H 1 cells to IL-12 exhibited hysteresis because it depended on both current and past exposure and engaged a positive feedback mechanism through the direct activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. The hysteresis in the dose-response curve to IL-12 created a transient “memory” by sustaining cytokine secretion after the withdrawal of the stimulus. In summary, this combined experimental and computational approach illustrates how model-based inference can be used to better understand how cells process and act upon biochemical cues present in the tissue microenvironment.
On the behaviour of dumped dredger spoil

Abstract Observations carried out on the dredger dumping grounds at Lowestoft have shown that fine particulate dredger spoil consists of two phases, one semi-fluid and the other a solid. Once introduced into the marine environment these two phases behave differently. The solid phase falls directly to the bed where it forms a persistent deposit with a localized effect while the semifluid phase is carried by the prevailing currents in the form of a turbid cloud. The possible significance of this twin-phase behaviour is discussed.
The Role of Affect in Agenda Building for Public Relations: Implications for Public Relations Outcomes

Grounded in an agenda-building framework, this experiment manipulated two dimensions of affective attributes—valence and arousal—from a corporate blog message to examine their influence on corporat...
Supporting creativity: investigating the role of computer-supported awareness in distributed collaboration

My dissertation research investigates the design and evaluation of activity awareness to support creativity in small groups working on a long-term, collaborative scientific activity in a distributed setting.
Comparing different attitude statements in latent class models of stated preferences for managing an invasive forest pathogen

To better interpret preference data, environmental economists often measure two different types of attitudes: general environmental attitudes, and attitudes specific to an issue. Although methods such as joint latent class modeling can relate these measures to stated preference data, economics literature offers limited guidance on important details, including the relative merits of the two attitude types. This paper analyzes survey data about the management of the invasive, non-native fungus that causes the lethal disease white pine blister rust in high-elevation forests, a problem characterized by long time scales and potentially costly interventions of uncertain efficacy. The paper uses novel techniques for comparing across latent class model specifications to evaluate the relative contribution of general and specific attitude measures to the analysis of contingent valuation data. These demonstrate insights from investigating heterogeneity in respondents' perspectives and superior model performance with specific attitude statements versus with general attitude statements. In addition to the practical content, these results offer novel insight into ongoing debate on the meaning of stated preference valuation measures.
Chromosomes of Eukaryotes

In bacteria and certain other unicellular organisms, the entire genetic material exists in the form of a DNA ring. Such organisms are typically haploids and within the cell there exists no sharp demarcation between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. These organisms are called prokaryotes.
Systemic Chemotherapy and White Matter Integrity in Tracts Associated with Cognition Among Children With Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Background Children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are predisposed to both brain tumors and cognitive deficits. While changes in white matter integrity after multimodal therapy are associated with cognitive dysfunction, the effect of isolated chemotherapy in NF1 is unknown. To determine whether chemotherapy is associated with white matter microstructural changes, we examined diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in NF1 subjects. Procedure We reviewed DTI measures in tracts associated with cognition but free from tumor in 24 children with NF1-associated optic pathway gliomas unexposed to surgery or radiation. Twelve age-matched pairs were identified based on exposure to chemotherapy. A paired t-test was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) in tracts of interest between subjects with and without chemotherapy exposure. Results On paired t-test, FA was significantly lower in the corpus callosum (P = 0.015) and cerebellothalamic (P = 0.038) tracts of subjects exposed to chemotherapy. There was no effect of age or time from chemotherapy on the difference between groups. In multivariable analysis, FA of these tracts was associated with chemotherapy exposure after adjusting for age, tumor location, and DTI acquisition. In longitudinal measures, FA decreased after chemotherapy exposure while FA increased with age in unexposed subjects. Conclusions Exposure to low-intensity chemotherapy in NF1 is associated with changes in white matter microstructure in tracts associated with cognition. Future studies should determine whether these changes are associated with cognitive decline. While chemotherapy may spare cognition relative to radiation and surgery, children with NF1 exposed to chemotherapy may benefit from early cognitive testing to allow for earlier intervention.
Working toward a Paperless Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Teaching Laboratory

The use of electronic formats for obtaining, recording, analyzing, and disseminating data is becoming ubiquitous in classrooms, teaching laboratories, research laboratories, and industry. The undergraduate physical chemistry teaching laboratory provides an excellent opportunity to ensure that upper-division chemistry students gain experience in using electronic means of recording and presenting the results of their experiments. To facilitate this action, computers are used in as many aspects of the course as possible: obtaining introductory material, preparing pre-lab reports, recording data in a simulated electronic lab notebook, and submitting final lab reports. Since the physical chemistry laboratory is an advanced undergraduate course, the students are also given increased responsibility for the experiment, creating their own procedure from papers, textbooks, and other additional information.
Think outside the sieve element

This article comments on: Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport in plants: how does phloem physiology affect plant ecology?
Abstract W P85: Immediate Balloon Assistance Leads to Improved Outcomes Following Intraprocedural Aneurysmal Ruptures

Introduction: Aneurysms are balloon-like outpouchings of weakened arterial walls which can rupture and cause severe complications in patients, including subarachnoid hemorrhaging and hydrocephalus. Current treatment for cerebral aneurysms include surgical clipping or interventional radiology procedures using coiling or stenting. Aims: Our study aimed to (1) note the vital sign changes leading up to an intraprocedural aneurysmal rupture and (2) determine whether or not patients who received immediate balloon assistance upon rupture fared better than those who did not. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that 1) there will be significant spikes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure upon rupture and that (2) patients receiving immediate balloon assistance fared better post-procedurally. Methods: A single institution retrospective analysis of all intraprocedural aneurysmal ruptures from July of 2009 to present day at the Medical University of South Carolina was utilized. Results: In this time period, 13 intraprocedural aneurysmal ruptures occurred in 8 female and 5 male patients. In 9 cases, rupture was directly attributable to aneurysm perforation via coil or microcatheter. Heart rate spikes immediately upon rupture averaged -1.63 bpm +/- 10.8 while systolic blood pressure spikes averaged 12.7 mmHg +/- 11.6. Balloon assistance was available for 10 ruptures. Balloon inflation was the sole method of rupture treatment for 4 patients, 1 was treated via protamine injection to reverse heparinization, and 5 were treated with a combination of these. Of the 5 patients whose CT scans remained unchanged from baseline rather than indicating an increase in hemorrhage or hydrocephalus, all had a balloon available for immediate inflation and all were discharged with no need for a ventriculostomy and no neurological deficits. Conclusions: Our limited sample size suggests that a significant heart rate and systolic blood pressure spike does not appear to consistently occur upon aneurysmal rupture. A larger sample size is necessary to further explore vital sign changes. Balloon assisted embolization procedures tend to produce better clinical outcomes in instances of intraprocedural rupture. Future directions will involve expanding to more institutions.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V: Mill-annealed versus direct metal laser melted alloys

Abstract Additive manufacturing processes such as direct metal laser melting (DMLM) are known to produce highly anisotropic microstructures. The present work compares the microstructure and mechanical properties of DMLM Ti–6Al–4V with that of mill-annealed alloys. Results show that the yield and hardening response of DMLM Ti–6Al–4V does not depend on the testing direction relative to the build direction, while the response of mill-annealed Ti–6Al–4V strongly depends on the testing direction. These results are discussed in light of the microstructure, texture, and polycrystal plasticity modeling.
A Reduced Order Micro-polar Model of a Space Antenna with torsional joints

The presented work is intended to develop a geometrically reduced order (homogenized) model for a large antenna space structure with flexible joints. An energy equivalence concept is employed to find the continuum model for the system. The kinetic and strain energy expressions of the fundamental elements are found based on the assumptions of the micro-polar elasticity theory. Necessary assumptions are made to reduce the order of the strain variables while retaining the effects of the micro-rotations that are coupled to the primary strain terms. As a result, a micro-polar-based continuum model is found for the structure with torsional stiffness joints. The vibrations equations of motion and natural frequencies for various coordinates of vibrations are presented.
Art library services in public libraries

The mixed fortunes of art, and of subject specialisation, in British public libraries in recent years is compared to the situation in Denmark where librarianship in the service of art has as its main focus the good of the people. The principles which give art librarianship its own integrity are reiterated and the gradual invasion of public library services by the commercial ethic is rejected. Art librarianship can still achieve new successes, and some of these are noted. The scope for new initiatives which the public library service offers is recognised and new areas for development are suggested, modelled on the international network of Music Information Centres.
Efficient Algorithms for Clustering Polygonal Obstacles

Clustering a set of points in Euclidean space is a well-known problem having applications in pattern recognition, document image analysis, big-data analytics, and robotics. While there are a lot of research publications for clustering point objects, only a few articles have been reported for clustering a given distribution of obstacles. In this thesis we examine the development of efficient algorithms for clustering a given set of convex obstacles in the 2D plane. One of the methods presented in this work uses a Voronoi diagram to extract obstacle clusters. We also consider the implementation issues of point/obstacle clustering algorithms.
Human mini-guts: new insights into intestinal physiology and host–pathogen interactions

The development of indefinitely propagating human 'mini-guts' has led to a rapid advance in gastrointestinal research related to transport physiology, developmental biology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology. These mini-guts, also called enteroids or colonoids, are derived from LGR5+ intestinal stem cells isolated from the small intestine or colon. Addition of WNT3A and other growth factors promotes stemness and results in viable, physiologically functional human intestinal or colonic cultures that develop a crypt-villus axis and can be differentiated into all intestinal epithelial cell types. The success of research using human enteroids has highlighted the limitations of using animals or in vitro, cancer-derived cell lines to model transport physiology and pathophysiology. For example, curative or preventive therapies for acute enteric infections have been limited, mostly due to the lack of a physiological human intestinal model. However, the human enteroid model enables specific functional studies of secretion and absorption in each intestinal segment as well as observations of the earliest molecular events that occur during enteric infections. This Review describes studies characterizing these human mini-guts as a physiological model to investigate intestinal transport and host-pathogen interactions.
From Gene to Brain

At the moment of ejaculation, muscular spasms propel a grayish viscous fluid from a male’s body into a female. The fluid is called semen and can contain more sperm than there are people in the United States (about 250 million). Semen is another of nature’s marvelous formulas. Only 2% is sperm. Another 90% is water. The remaining 8% contains various chemicals. Some neutralize the foreign acidity of the female’s vaginal fluids making the new environment more hospitable for its sperm; others trigger spasms in the walls of the vaginal tunnel catapulting sperm onward. Still others bathe sperm in enzymes to give them energy for the arduous race ahead. And it is arduous, make no mistake about it.
Clinical Torture: Drifting in the Atrocity Triangle

English Abstract: So as to immunize the Bush White House against cases involving the abuse of detainees held under the war on terror, its legal advisors warped laws prohibiting torture. More recently, evidence reveals that the CIA colluded with the American Psychological Association (APA) to rewrite an ethics policy that would enable psychologists to participate in harsh interrogations as well as torture. The shift from consultant to that of a hands-on operational psychologist marks a significant development in what is described herein as clinical torture. Moreover, the adoption of a new role in the interrogation and torture program demonstrates the dynamics of drift in the atrocity triangle that features perpetrators, victims, and bystanders. Specifically, psychologists progress from bystanders to becoming perpetrators in ways that abandon their obligation to do no harm. This article explores the nuances of the atrocity triangle and the atrocity-producing situation set forth by Stanley Cohen and Robert Jay Lifton. Implications to the prosecution of group offenders are discussed throughout.Spanish Abstract: Con el objetivo de inmunizar la Casa Blanca de Bush frente a los casos relacionados con abusos a detenidos desarrollados en el marco de la guerra contra el terrorismo, sus asesores legales pervirtieron las leyes que prohibian la tortura. Mas recientemente, se ha demostrado que la CIA confabulo con la Asociacion Americana de Psicologia, para reescribir su codigo de conducta etica y permitir a psicologos participar en interrogatorios agresivos y en torturas. El cambio de consultor a psicologo operacional directamente implicado marca un importante desarrollo en lo que se describe en este articulo como tortura clinica. Ademas, la adopcion de un nuevo rol en el programa de interrogacion y tortura demuestra la dinamica del rumbo del triangulo de atrocidad en el que estan implicados responsables, victimas y testigos. Los psicologos en concreto pasan de ser testigos a convertirse en responsables, dejando de lado su obligacion de no danar. Este articulo analiza los matices del triangulo de atrocidad y la situacion de crear atrocidad, expuestos por Stanley Cohen y Robert Jay Lifton. A lo largo del texto se analizan las implicaciones en los juicios a criminales pertenecientes a bandas organizadas.
Interpolated FIR based practically perfect reconstruction filter bank

A new filter bank structure or channelizer is developed, named the IFIR-FB, as it is the result of combining the concepts of interpolated FIR filters (IFIR) and filter banks (FB). The filter design procedures for the IFIR-FB are developed and explained. The resulting IFIR-FB structure is shown to be competitive with the state-of-the-art non-maximally-decimated filter bank, in terms of the number of multiplications required per input sample and overall distortion introduced by the system when operating with Nyquist prototype filters.
Risk Factors for Hospital Admission After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose To determine patient and surgical risk factors for admission after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database. Methods All instances of ACLR from 2005 to 2014 from the ACS NSQIP prospective database were analyzed. Both univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed to determine which patient demographics and medical comorbidities were associated with admission after surgery. Results Of the 9,146 patients undergoing ACLR, 1,197 (13.1%) required admission. Univariate analysis found that the following variables were associated with the need for admission: decreased age, Hispanic ethnicity, higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, use of an epidural anesthesia, longer operative times, prior operation within 30 days, dyspnea, smoking, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous cardiac surgery, hypertension, previous revascularization procedure, and a known bleeding disorder. Independent predictors of admission on multivariate analysis included Hispanic ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] 8.9), use of epidural anesthesia (OR 6.3), known bleeding disorder (OR 4.02), increased body mass index (OR 1.03), longer operation time (OR 1.012), and younger age (OR 1.008). Conclusions Our study identifies Hispanic ethnicity, use of epidural anesthesia, and history of bleeding disorder as major independent risk factors for admission after ACLR. Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective comparative study.
A distributed graph approach for pre-processing linked RDF data using supercomputers

Efficient RDF, graph based queries are becoming more pertinent based on the increased interest in data analytics and its intersection with large, unstructured but connected data. Many commercial systems have adopted distributed RDF graph systems in order to handle increasing dataset sizes and complex queries. This paper introduces a distribute graph approach to pre-processing linked data. Instead of traversing the memory graph, our system indexes pre-processed join elements that are organized in a graph structure. We analyze the Dbpedia data-set (derived from the Wikipedia corpus) and compare our access method to the graph traversal access approach which we also devise. Results show from our experiments that the distributed, pre-processed graph approach to accessing linked data is faster than the traversal approach over a specific range of linked queries.
New data on Neodiplostomum americanum Chandler and Rausch, 1947 (Digenea: Diplostomidae), in the Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Gmelin, 1788 and the Eastern Screech Owl Megascops asio Linnaeus, 1758 in Mississippi, USA

Neodiplostomum americanum Chandler and Rausch, 1947 has been reported from six species of owls in North America. At present, there are no molecular data for this species and gene sequence data from Neodiplostomum Railliet, 1919 are limited. A freshly deceased specimen of the Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Gmelin, 1788 and a freshly deceased specimen of the Eastern Screech Owl Megascops asio Linnaeus, 1758 were collected in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Neodiplostomum americanum were recovered from both hosts. Herein, updated morphological descriptions are supplemented with gene sequence data from conserved (18S, ITS1-5.8S, ITS2, and 28S rRNA) and fast-evolving (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mtDNA) regions. Preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequence data supports the placement of N. americanum within a discrete phylogroup of the family Diplostomidae. The life history of N. americanum is unknown and currently limited to the description of the adult stage in avian hosts. The molecular data generated in this study offer insight into the phylogenetic placement of N. americanum within the Diplostomatidae and will aid in identifying different life stages in putative intermediate hosts.
Hybrid phase-space–Fock-space approach to evolution of a driven nonlinear resonator

We analyze the quantum evolution of a weakly nonlinear resonator due to a classical near-resonant drive and damping. The resonator nonlinearity leads to squeezing and heating of the resonator state. Using a hybrid phase-space--Fock-space representation for the resonator state within the Gaussian approximation, we derive evolution equations for the four parameters characterizing the Gaussian state. Numerical solution of these four ordinary differential equations is much simpler and faster than simulation of the full density matrix evolution, while providing good accuracy for the system analysis during transients and in the steady state. We show that steady-state squeezing of the resonator state is limited by 3 dB; however, this limit can be exceeded during transients.
Facilitating Home Hospice Transitions of Care in Oncology: Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacists' Interventions, Hospice Program Satisfaction, and Patient Representation Rates.

Background:The importance of medication reconciliation and the pharmacist’s role within the interdisciplinary team at the point of transition to home hospice is understudied. A transitions of care ...
Pediatric Pain Management

The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage (Cunliffe and Roberts, Curr Anaesth Crit Care 15(4–5):272–283, 2004). The application of the word “pain” is a learned response based on experiences related to injury early in life. Professionals caring for children need to be aware that children are a vulnerable group, and give appropriate consideration and treatment to a child reporting pain to avoid long-term consequences. This chapter will address the neurobiology of pain in children, assessment tools for quantifying pain in children, and approaches to pharmacology of treating pain in children.
Topical Fluorides: Development and Clinical Trials

The aim of topical fluoride therapy is the deposition of fluoride into the surface layer of tooth enamel to form fluorapatite, so as to decrease the caries susceptibility of the tissue.
Inpatient Psychiatric Management

Key principles of inpatient management of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are consistent with many basic lessons from other levels of care. First, it is important to hospitalize reluctantly, differentiating nonlethal from true suicidal intent and searching for the least restrictive safe option. Decision to hospitalize should ideally involve the patient (clearly presenting risk of destabilization) and outpatient team. When hospitalization is recommended, shorter stays are almost always preferable to longer term, which may easily become regressive. It can be helpful to point out the unconscious desire to be cared for, in the safety provided by the structured holding environment. Taking responsibility for patients' needs in times of crisis may inadvertently undermine their capacity to care for themselves. The goals may include keeping the patient safe, exploring incident antecedents, providing education, evaluating current treatment (approach as well as medication regimen), planning transition to aftercare, and including the patient and family in the various steps. Challenges often present themselves around team splitting, family contact, and increasing anxiety while approaching discharge. Helping patients modulate emotions through this process should aim at generalizing behaviors they can use outside of the hospital.
Dynamic Disorder Dominates Delocalization, Transport, and Recombination in Halide Perovskites

Summary We investigate the origins of exceptionally long charge-carrier lifetimes of halide perovskites by using temperature-dependent and time-resolved mid-infrared spectroscopy. We report direct observations of large polarons through their distinct mid-infrared electronic transitions and quantitatively correlate their formation with enhancement of electron-phonon coupling that quenches photoluminescence. The temperature-dependent study reveals a branching between free-carrier and large-polaron states in association with thermally induced dynamic disorder of the anharmonic inorganic framework, which is examined through local vibrational modes of the perovskite films. This dynamic disorder localizes charge carriers and enhances electron-phonon coupling, which both quenches photoluminescence and promotes large-polaron formation. Fortunately, such localization extends the charge recombination lifetime by nearly an order of magnitude. This work highlights the interplay between charge-carrier mobility and lifetime and suggests design rules about how cation and anion substitution can be used to tune the structural dynamics that underpin their relationship.
Expression of tissue factor and factor VIIa/tissue factor inhibitor activity in endotoxin or phorbol ester stimulated U937 monocyte-like cells

Previously, unstimulated cells of the human monocytic tumor cell line U937 have been shown to possess a negligible cell-surface tissue factor (TF) activity, and to secrete a small amount of factor VIIa/tissue factor (VIIa/TF) inhibitor activity. On stimulation with endotoxin or with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), TF of these cells is known to be increased approximately fourfold. In this report, we demonstrate that VIIa/TF inhibitor is also increased on stimulation of U937 cells with endotoxin (approximately equal to threefold) or with PMA (approximately equal to 20-fold). Notably, the secretion of the inhibitor persisted after the cell surface TF had started to decline. Further, when serum- free media from PMA stimulated cells was electrophoresed on a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel, we eluted two inhibitor activity peaks corresponding to Mr approximately equal to 47,000 and Mr approximately equal to 36,000. The molecular weights of these peaks are similar to those obtained earlier from human plasma for this inhibitor(s).
Versuchsergebnisse an einer Eisanlage und deren Umrechnung

Zur weiteren Aufklarung uber die Verwendung der Entropietafel bei der Auswertung von Versuchen soll uber Abnahmeversuche berichtet werden, die im Marz 1923 an einer Eisanlage unter der Kontrolle des Verfassers stattgefunden haben.
Total synthesis of Punicagranine

Abstract This communication details the first total synthesis of Punicagranine, a new pyrrolizine alkaloid isolated from the peels of the pomengranate, Punica granatum, the basis for traditional Chinese medicine, with anti-inflammatory activity. Two concise, 4–5 step routes were developed to rapidly prepare Punicagranine in 10.7–12.1% overall yields. One route features an intramolecular Heck reaction, while the other relies on a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The latter route proceeds on scale to support future biological studies.
Enhanced Recovery Pathway Improves Colorectal Surgery Outcomes in Private and Safety-Net Settings.

Abstract Background Enhanced recovery pathways (ERPs) can decrease length of stay (LOS) and improve colorectal surgery outcomes in private health care; however, their efficacy in the public realm, comprised largely of underserved and uninsured patients, remains uncertain. Materials and methods An ERP without social interventions was implemented at a private hospital (PH) and a safety-net hospital (SNH) within a large academic medical center in 2014. Process and outcome metrics from 100 patients in the 18 mo before ERP implementation at each institution were retrospectively compared with a similar group after ERP implementation. Primary outcomes were LOS, 30-d readmission, and reoperation . Results Post-ERP groups were older than pre-ERP (P = 0.047, 0.034), with no difference in sex or body mass index. Rate of open versus minimally invasive was similar at the SNH (P = 0.067), whereas more post-ERP patients at PH underwent open surgery (P = 0.002). Ninety six percentage of PH patients were funded through private insurance or Medicare, verses 6% at the SNH. LOS at PH decreased from 8.1 to 5.9 d (P = 0.028) and at SNH from 7.0 to 5.1 d (P = 0.004). There was no change in 30-d all-cause readmission (PH P = 0.634; SNH P = 1) or reoperation (PH P = 0.610; SNH P = 0.066). Conclusions ERP reduced LOS in both private and safety-net settings without addressing social determinants of health. Readmission and reoperation rates were unchanged. As health care moves toward a bundled payment model, ERP can help optimize outcomes and control costs in the public arena.
Prescription Opioid Misuse and Risky Adolescent Behavior

OBJECTIVES: Misuse of opioid medications (ie, using opioids differently than how a doctor prescribed the medication) is common among US adolescents and associated with preventable health consequences (eg, severe respiratory depression, seizures, heart failure, and death).1 New guidelines and recommendations have made providers more attuned to overprescribing and more vigilant about screening for opioid misuse.2 We hypothesized that youth who misused prescription opioids were more likely to report engaging in a broad range of other risky behaviors. METHODS: We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (n = 14 765), a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of high school students. Students were sampled by using a 3-stage random cluster design. We conducted weighted logistic regressions to determine the strength of the association between our independent variable, ever misusing prescription opioids, and 22 dependent variables in the following categories: risky driving behaviors (4 variables), violent behaviors (3 variables), risky sexual behaviors (4 variables), substance use (10 variables), and suicide attempt (1 variable). RESULTS: In 2017, 14% of US adolescents reported ever misusing opioids. Those who misused prescription opioids were significantly more likely to have engaged in all 22 risky behaviors (adjusted odds ratios ranged from 2.0 to 22.3; P CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents reporting ever misusing prescription opioids were more likely to have engaged in a broad range of risky behaviors. Health care providers screening for prescription opioid misuse may be ideally positioned to identify these high-risk youth and initiate early interventions.
Abstract TP134: Effects of Strict Anesthesia Management in a Trial of Surgical Revascularization for Intracranial Atherosclerosis

Introduction: Specific aspects of anesthesia management in clinical trials for cerebrovascular diseases have not been systematically addressed. As part of the EDAS Revascularization for Intracrania...
Pattern and Etiology of Growth Disturbance in Turner Syndrome and Outcomes of Growth-Promoting Treatments

The growth pattern of untreated girls with Turner syndrome (TS) is one of inexorable growth failure from intrauterine life to the early 20s resulting in average adult height around 143–146 cm, which is about 20 cm shorter than women in the general population. The growth disturbance of TS appears to be multifactorial, due to combined effects of haploinsufficiency of the SHOX gene and disturbances of estrogen secretion and GH/IGF-I physiology. The goal of growth hormone (GH) treatment is to preserve height potential; prevent ongoing growth failure; optimize height during childhood, adolescence, and adulthood; and allow puberty (either spontaneous or induced) to proceed at an age similar to girls without TS. Randomized, controlled trials and observational studies of GH treatment demonstrate average adult height of treated groups around 148–150 cm, but there is wide variation in the range of attained adult heights for individual patients (~136–164 cm). Factors associated with taller adult height following GH treatment include younger age and taller height at start of treatment, taller parental heights, and greater GH dose.
C-reactive Protein Levels Predict Right Ventricular Failure and Mortality in Patients Undergoing Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Assist Device Implantation: An INTERMACS Analysis

Purpose Whether C-reactive protein (CRP) levels prior to left ventricular assist device implantation (LVAD) are predictive of post-implantation outcomes is not well established. Current data are limited to small, single-center studies. Methods 5,183 adult recipients of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices with pre-implant CRP measurement were identified from INTERMACS. Patients were divided into three groups based on pre-implant CRP levels: CRP of 0 to 10 mg/L (low), 11 to 30 mg/L (intermediate), and >30 mg/L (high). Outcomes of interest were mortality, gastrointestinal bleeding, device thrombosis, infection, stroke, and right heart failure. Analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and Cox proportional hazards models. Results Patients with higher pre-implant CRP were younger (55.3 vs 56.5 vs 57.8 yrs), had sicker INTERMACS profiles (Class I: 33.7% vs 22.6% vs 9.5%); higher use of IABP (34.1% vs 26.0% vs 14.5%) and ECMO (12.0% vs 6.9% vs 2.1%) compared to patients with intermediate and low CRP levels (all p Conclusion Higher CRP levels indicate comorbidity prior to LVAD implantation and predict higher risk of post-implant right heart failure and mortality. These findings suggest that baseline CRP may be a useful predictor of clinical outcome after LVAD implantation.
Rethinking “Village” at Mogollon Village (LA 11568): Formal Chronological Modeling of a Persistent Place

In the U.S. Southwest, large pithouse sites are often referred to as “villages,” implying a continuous settlement of contemporary households. But determining pithouse contemporaneity at these sites is challenging, even when relying on radiocarbon dates. Using a Bayesian chronological framework, I examine the overall chronology and occupational histories of individual pithouses at Mogollon Village (LA 11568), a large pithouse site in western New Mexico. The results presented here suggest Mogollon Village occupation began at least by cal AD 5–130 and ended around cal AD 895–990. The modeled dates suggest only a few pithouses were inhabited at any given time throughout the site's occupation. Given these findings, Mogollon Village is best understood as a persistent place—a place of repeated, transient occupation—rather than a village. This study demonstrates that Bayesian modeling can be used to reassess an existing chronological framework, shed light on the contemporaneity of structures at a site, and change our understanding of a site's nature.