cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Correlation between meteorological factors and incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Kunshan

Objective To study the correlation between meteorological factors and incidence of Hand- foot- mouth disease(HFMD) in Kunshan. Methods Totally 5 160 HFMD cases were diagnosed and data on meteorological factors(temperature, barometric pressure, relative humidity, total amount of precipitation and sunlight, wind speed and dew point) from January 2009 to December 2012 in Kunshan were used. Univariate and multivariate linear regression were performed to analyze the correlation between meteorological factors and incidence of HFMD. Results HFMD occurred throughout the year, most occurred during summer followed by spring, and the least in winter. The incidence of HFMD positively correlated with temperature and dew point(r0, P0.05), but inversely correlated with barometric pressure(r0, P0.05). However, no correlation was found between incidence of HFMD and relative humidity, wind speed, and total amount of precipitation and sunlight, respectively. Conclusions Obvious seasonal variation was observed in the incidence of HFMD in Kunshan. Further investigation on the correlation of meteorological factors with incidence of HFMD is warranted regarding the establishment pre-warning system of HFMD and subsequent control measures.
Concepts of preemptive analgesia for postoperative pain.

BACKGROUND The predictable relationship between surgical injury responses and the ensuring postoperative pain has led to the development of the concept of preemptive analgesia, with its potential to improve the quality of the postoperative period. METHODS A review of publications concerning the studies of the physiology of pain and the development of clinical strategies toward the prevention of postoperative pain was undertaken. RESULTS Clinical studies using various methodologies indicate that preemptive analgesia may, in some circumstances, attenuate postoperative pain. Unfortunately, these studies were not always reproducible. Preemptive analgesia in these studies failed to prevent or attenuate postoperative pain. CONCLUSION Techniques directed toward reducing and/or eliminating postoperative pain are still being developed, and their clinical utility is yet to be fully evaluated.
76-Year-Old Man With Abdominal Pain, Fever, and Maculopapular Rash.

ation, dvisor nd terMayo A 76-year-old man with a history of vasovagal syncope and diverticulitis presented to his local urgent care center with abdominal pain, fever, and maculopapular rash of 1 day’s duration after receiving the influenza vaccine. Before this illness, he was in his usual state of health. Initially, an acute viral illness was believed to be the cause. His medical team recommended symptomatic treatment. Four days later, he returned to his primary care physician because of fever as high as 38 C, tachycardia, nausea, decreased appetite, and abdominal pain. History taken at that time revealed travel to Central America 2 weeks before his presentation. Laboratory evaluation revealed the following (reference ranges provided parenthetically): white blood cell count (WBC), 29.5 10/L (3.5-10.5 10/L) with elevated neutrophil and eosinophil counts; alkaline phosphatase, 262 U/L (45-115 U/L); aspartate aminotransferase, 35 U/L (8-48 U/L); alanine aminotransferase, 132 U/L (7-55 U/L); bilirubin, 6.9 mg/dL ( 1.2 mg/dL) (predominantly direct); international normalized ratio (INR), 1.7 (0.81.2); ammonia, 68 mmol/L ( 30 mmol/L); and C-reactive protein, 50.4 mg/L ( 8.0 mg/L). The patient was hospitalized, and ampicillin-sulbactam was initiated. Results of abdominal ultrasonography were inconclusive for biliary obstruction. Subsequent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed no evidence of extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The patient continued to have abdominal pain, nausea, and jaundice of unknown etiology. Given concern for a drug reaction, his antibiotics were changed to ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and doxycycline. With his recent travel history, serologic evaluation for Ehrlichia, viral hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, Babesia, Lyme disease, and malaria was performed but returned negative results.
Use of “Corn Picker for Silage” to Evaluate Corn Silage Hybrids

and Implications “Corn Picker for Corn Silage” is an Excel spreadsheet program that more accurately determines a superior corn silage hybrid based on all relevant costs and returns that affect corn silage and dairy nutrition. It can be localized to specific farm situations or one can use a standard set of costs such as “Estimated Costs of Crop Production in Iowa-2009” FM-1712 and “Livestock Enterprise Budget for Iowa-2009” FM-1815. Both are available from ISU County Extension Offices. Ranking of hybrids for total farm net profit gives considerably different results than using “Milk2006” per acre.
Integrative Review on Adherence in Haitians With Diabetes

In light of a marked increase in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes in the United States in recent years with associated health costs totaling $245 billion for 2012, diabetes has become a major health and fiscal concern. Haitian Americans as a cultural group have unique obstacles to effective treatment and management of diabetes. This paper analyzes recent studies relevant to these challenges in anticipation of new research pertaining to this population. Although medication compliance is generally referred to as adherence, it is a complex concept and key challenge in diabetes care. Accordingly, this paper will further define adherence by describing its relevance in effective treatment and management. It will also analyze key theoretical perspectives in diabetes care, summarize recent research, and make recommendations for effective future research on the impact of diabetes education in Haitian Americans.
Nonmuscle Myosin IIA Regulates Platelet Contractile Forces Through Rho Kinase and Myosin Light-Chain Kinase

Platelet contractile forces play a major role in clot retraction and help to hold hemostatic clots against the vessel wall. Platelet forces are produced by its cytoskeleton, which is composed of actin and nonmuscle myosin filaments. In this work, we studied the role of Rho kinase, myosin light-chain kinase, and myosin in the generation of contractile forces by using pharmacological inhibitors and arrays of flexible microposts to measure platelet forces. When platelets were seeded onto microposts, they formed aggregates on the tips of the microposts. Forces produced by the platelets in the aggregates were measured by quantifying the deflection of the microposts, which bent in proportion to the force of the platelets. Platelets were treated with small molecule inhibitors of myosin activity: Y-27632 to inhibit the Rho kinase (ROCK), ML-7 to inhibit myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), and blebbistatin to inhibit myosin ATPase activity. ROCK inhibition reduced platelet forces, demonstrating the importance of the assembly of actin and myosin phosphorylation in generating contractile forces. Similarly, MLCK inhibition caused weaker platelet forces, which verifies that myosin phosphorylation is needed for force generation in platelets. Platelets treated with blebbistatin also had weaker forces, which indicates that myosin's ATPase activity is necessary for platelet forces. Our studies demonstrate that myosin ATPase activity and the regulation of actin-myosin assembly by ROCK and MLCK are needed for the generation of platelet forces. Our findings illustrate and explain the importance of myosin for clot compaction in hemostasis and thrombosis.
Constraints on Multiple Object Tracking in Williams Syndrome: How Atypical Development Can Inform Theories of Visual Processing

The ability to track moving objects is a crucial skill for performance in everyday spatial tasks. The tracking mechanism depends on representation of moving items as coherent entities, which follow the spatiotemporal constraints of objects in the world. In the present experiment, participants tracked 1 to 4 targets in a display of 8 identical objects. Objects moved randomly and independently (moving condition), passed behind an invisible bar (occluded condition), or momentarily disappeared by shrinking (implosion condition). Scholl and Pylyshyn (1999) found that adults can track entities under the moving and occluded conditions, but not under implosion. This finding suggests that the tracking mechanism is constrained by the spatiotemporal properties of physical objects as they move in the world. In the present study, we adapt these conditions to investigate whether this constraint holds for people with severe spatial impairments associated with Williams syndrome (WS). In Experiment 1, we compare the perfo...
Formula choice calculus

The choice calculus is a simple metalanguage and associated theory that has been successfully applied to several problems of interest to the feature-oriented software development community. The formal presentation of the choice calculus essentially restricts variation points, called choices, to vary based on the inclusion or not of a single feature, while in practice variation points may depend on several features. Therefore, in both theoretical applications of the choice calculus, and in tools inspired by the choice calculus, the syntax of choices has often been generalized to depend on an arbitrary propositional formula of features. The purpose of this paper is to put this syntactic generalization on more solid footing by also generalizing the associated theory. Specifically, after defining the syntax and denotational semantics of the formula choice calculus (FCC), we define and prove the soundness of a syntactic equivalence relation on FCC expressions. This effort validates previous work which has implicitly assumed the soundness of rules in the equivalence relation, and also reveals several rules that are specific to FCC. Finally, we describe some further generalizations to FCC and their limits.
Ultrasound-Guided Peristyloid Steroid Injection for Eagle Syndrome

The styloid process arising from the temporal bone is normally about 2.5 cm in length. For various reasons, including trauma and inflammation, it may become elongated. This elongated styloid process, when symptomatic with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of local compression or neuropathic pain, is termed Eagle syndrome. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is characterized by intermittent shooting sharp pain in the jaw, throat, tongue, and ear. Conservative management includes anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory agents. Interventional and surgical options are pursued when these fail. Fluoroscopy is usually used to position the needle adjacent to the styloid process for injecting steroid and or local anesthetic. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with Eagle syndrome who failed conservative management and subsequently underwent an ultrasound-guided peristyloid steroid injection with short-duration pain relief.
Software Support Inside and Outside Solid-State Devices for High Performance and High Efficiency

In the past decade, flash memory has been in the spotlight across a variety of research communities from circuits to computer systems, and significant progress has been accomplished. This has enabled flash memory to become increasingly pervasive across the entire information technology infrastructure, from consumer electronics to cloud and supercomputing. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey on the important advancements and milestones in the domains across flash translation layer (FTL), operating systems, and applications. As the storage device hardware has been quickly commoditized, software becomes increasingly important to tap the potential of flash memory to its full extent. Therefore, a comprehensive survey with a focus on software aspects will be very valuable to the research community and industry. It is our hope that this survey paper will serve as a good reference for system practitioners and researchers.
Dendrite-Suppressed Lithium Plating from a Liquid Electrolyte via Wetting of Li3N

Lithium metal is an ultimate anode material to provide the highest energy density for a given cathode by providing a higher capacity and cell voltage. However, lithium is not used as the anode in commercial lithium-ion batteries because electrochemical dendrite formation and growth during charge can induce a cell short circuit that ignites the flammable liquid electrolyte. Plating of lithium through a bed of Li3N particles is shown to transform dendrite growth into a 3D lithium network formed by wetting the particle surfaces; plating through a Li3N particle is without dendrite nucleation. The Li3N particles create a higher overpotential during Li deposition than that with dendrite growth in galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. The characteristic overpotential increase is correlated with the morphological changes and a more isotropic growth behavior. The Li3N-modified Li electrode shows a stable cycling performance at 0.5 and 1.0 mA cm−2 for more than 100 cycles. The origin of the bonding responsible for wetting of the Li3N particles by lithium and for plating through a Li3N particle is discussed.
Survey of Veterinarians Using a Novel Physical Compression Squeeze Procedure in the Management of Neonatal Maladjustment Syndrome in Foals

Horses are a precocious species that must accomplish several milestones that are critical to survival in the immediate post-birth period for their survival. One essential milestone is the successful transition from the intrauterine unconsciousness to an extrauterine state of consciousness or awareness. This transition involves a complex withdrawal of consciousness inhibitors and an increase in neuroactivating factors that support awareness. This process involves neuroactive hormones as well as inputs related to factors such as cold, visual, olfactory, and auditory stimuli. One factor not previously considered in this birth transition is a yet unreported direct neural reflex response to labor-induced physical compression of the fetus in the birth canal (squeezing). Neonatal maladjustment syndrome (NMS) is a disorder of the newborn foal characterized by altered behavior, low affinity for the mare, poor awareness of the environment, failure to bond to the mother, abnormal sucking, and other neurologically-based abnormalities. This syndrome has been associated with altered events during birth, and was believed to be caused exclusively by hypoxia and ischemia. However, recent findings revealed an association of the NMS syndrome with the persistence of high concentrations of in utero neuromodulating hormones (neurosteroids) in the postnatal period. Anecdotal evidence demonstrated that a novel physical compression (squeeze) method that applies 20 min of sustained pressure to the thorax of some neonatal foals with this syndrome might rapidly hasten recovery. This survey provides information about outcomes and time frames to recovery comparing neonatal foals that were given this squeeze treatment to foals treated with routine medical therapy alone. Results revealed that the squeeze procedure, when applied for 20 min, resulted in a faster full recovery of some foals diagnosed with NMS. The adjunctive use of a non-invasive squeeze method may improve animal welfare by hastening recovery and foal-mare interactions that minimize health problems. This would also avoid or reduce costs arising from hospitalization associated with veterinary and nursing care that sometimes leads owners to elect for euthanasia.
Music therapy and intimacy behaviors of hospice family caregivers in South Korea: A randomized crossover clinical trial

ABSTRACTFamily caregivers may experience emotional and relational distress due to decreased intimacy and communication with their loved one at end-of-life. The purpose of the study was to examine intimacy behaviors in a family–patient relationship at the end-of-life with the central research question: Is there a difference in frequency of family caregivers’ intimacy acts, defined and recorded as verbal intimacy, affective intimacy, and physical intimacy with their dying loved one when comparing music therapy and chaplaincy? Ten patient and family caregiver dyads participated in both a 15-min music therapy session, and a 15-min chaplaincy session in a randomized controlled crossover trial with AB/BA design. Sessions were video recorded and analyzed using the Family Intimacy Observation Scale, a researcher-developed tool. Intimacy behaviors were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test. Music therapy resulted in statistically significant higher affective intimacy and physical intimacy behaviors toward a...
Microstructures, Tensile Properties and Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of the Zirconium Modified 2024 Alloys Processed by Liquid Dynamic Compaction

In this study, Liquid Dynamic Compaction (LDC) was used to develop rapidly solidified 2024 aluminum alloys modified with small additions of zirconium. Three concentrations of zirconium (0.12, 0.28 and 0.53 wt%) were selected to examine the effect of zirconium on the microstructures, tensile properties and fatigue crack growth behavior of the modified 2024 alloys. The results show that all as-spray deposited materials have acceptable densities (91–95%) and fine equiaxed microstructures with uniform distribution of fine secondary phases, mainly Al2Cu. Additions of zirconium (0.12 to 0.53 wt%) to the LDC 2024 alloy significantly refined the grain structures. The LDC-produced fine microstructures were retained during the subsequent hot rolling and T4 treatment when the Zr content was greater than about 0.28%. The increase in Zr concentration from 0.12 to 0.28 and 0.53 wt% significantly increased the tensile strength of the modified 2024 alloys. A small amount of Zr (< 0.3 wt%) also improved the ductility. The zirconium modified LDC 2024 alloys exhibited fatigue crack growth resistance superior to those for standard 2024-T3 and experimental LDC 7150-FS, a 7150 alloy with a relatively high concentration of Fe and Si. These beneficial effects are believed to come mainly from the additional precipitation of fine, stoichiometric Al3Zr particles and refinement of microstructures.
History and Formation of the Analects

This chapter examines the Analects in light of textual criticism, asking what the relevance of such criticism is to the modern reader. In the process, it also raises challenges to conventional hermeneutical practices relating to the text. It begins by examining the earliest historical accounts of the creation of the Analects. These records indicate that related texts were reconfigured for different purposes and transmitted along diverging paths, suggesting that the Analects may not have begun as a fixed and complete text, and that even earliest historians had different ideas about its origins. Turning to later theories of the text formation, scholars portray a layered Analects that was the result of the combination and accretion of various elements. Most recently, excavated texts provide examples of Han Dynasty versions of the Analects, as well as older Warring States period parallels with passages from the text. The post-canonical lack of variation in the former provide a stark contrast to the fluid and dynamic nature of the latter. Additionally, some sayings attributed to Confucius in the text circulated as unattributed aphorisms, suggesting that the formation of Analects was inseparable from the historical process of identifying elements of a common stock of sayings with Confucius because of his cultural authority. The chapter concludes that today’s hermeneutics of the Analects should not disregard questions raised by historical examinations of the text, because a critical understanding of the text must take account of the conditions of its formation in early China.
Co-combustion and Gasification of Coal and Cattle Biomass: a Review of Research and Experimentation

Large confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs), including cattle feedlots and dairies, have been cited as major point sources for air, soil, and water pollution. Subsequent land application of manure solids and the usage of liquid manure (> 90 % moisture) as irrigation water on nearby crop fields have been sited as non-point sources for soil and water pollution, particularly with respect to phosphorus overloading in local watersheds and streams [1]. For example, annual average phosphorus concentrations in the North Bosque River Watershed, in Texas, USA are limited to between 15 and 50 μg/L [2]. American Agriculture has become an increasingly mechanized and specialized system capable of growing more food on less land. Consequently, many smaller, family oriented farms that tended to grow a variety of crops and keep a diverse population of animals have disappeared. In order to stay competitive, most farmers have had to specialize in one or two crops or keep many of one type of animal. Growing single monocultures and keeping one animal type allows farms to produce more food, more efficiently [3–5].
A Quick Introduction to Future Possibilities

This chapter presents a survey of some of the plans and predictions of the people who have been developing and building networks and arrays. Predictions 10, 20, or 50 years into the future are extremely dangerous in a field that is advancing as rapidly as computer science, with so many potential new developments and applications of major, sometimes revolutionary, importance not yet even contemplated. In the case of parallel networks, there are several basic factors that are known with a good deal of assurance. One would need large arrays and networks, both to handle large problems and to handle problems with severe real-time constraints that must be solved far more quickly than is possible with only one, or even a few, processors.
SynthNotes: A Generator Framework for High-volume, High-fidelity Synthetic Mental Health Notes

One of the key, emerging challenges that connects the "Big Data" and the AI domain is the availability of sufficient volumes of training data for AI/Machine Learning tasks. SynthNotes is a framework for generating standards-compliant, realistic mental health progress report notes at the very large, population-level scale, and in a strict privacy-preserving manner. Our framework, inspired by the needs to explore, evaluate, and train computational methods for the emerging mental health crisis in the US, is useful for benchmarking, optimization, and training of biomedical natural language processing, information extraction, and machine learning systems intended to operate at "Big Data" scale (billions of notes). The free text notes generated by SynthNotes are based on the literature and public statistical models allowing for realistic, natural language representation of a patient, and his or her mental health characteristics. Additionally, SynthNotes can partially simulate stylistic, grammatical, and expressive characteristics of a licensed mental health professional. SynthNotes is modular and flexible, allowing for representation of variety of conditions, incorporation of alternative foundational models, and parametrization of the variability of the structure, content, and size of the synthetically generated corpus. In this paper, we report on the initial use and performance characteristics of our SynthNotes framework and on the ongoing work for inclusion of content planning and deep learning-based generative methods trained on real data.
Abstract 231: Identification of a Titin Enhancer using hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes and CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a disorder that occurs in 1:250 individuals, is associated with rates of mortality of 20% within 5 years of diagnosis and is a leading cause for heart failure and card...
Influence of aggregates angularity on the locking point of asphalt mixtures

Aggregate angularity plays a critical role in the performance of asphalt mixtures. Current asphalt mix design methods do not specify compaction effort according to aggregate angularity or locking p...
Coparenting Negotiation During the Transition to Parenthood: A Qualitative Study of Couples’ Experiences as New Parents

AbstractCoparenting – how couples relate to one another in their joint roles as parents – is predictive of a wide variety of family and child outcomes. The current study used a qualitative, phenome...
Th e National Council of Negro Women, Human Rights, and the Cold War

In May 1945 Mary McLeod Bethune, founder and president of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW), wrote to Council members from San Francisco where she was attending the landmark conference called to establish the United Nations. When, in the course of her lengthy and informative letter Bethune remarked that, “I have been wonderfully received as the only Negro woman consultant to the International Conference,” she spoke volumes about the way the international community and the United States valued women of color in planning the post-war world.1 Th e reality behind the comment, that the world’s leaders did not think these women’s voices mattered, served as the basis for one of the NCNW’s most signifi cant goals in the post-war era. Th ey endeavored through a variety of approaches to ensure that African American women and women of color from around the world, especially those living under the yoke of colonial oppression, had a say in shaping the new world order and had an opportunity to experience the full fl owering of human rights that had been promised in the United Nations Charter. Th e NCNW, founded just ten years earlier to advocate for African American women’s economic and social concerns within the United States, was now determined to serve an integral role in building a new global order grounded in the principles of economic and social justice, racial and gender equality, and respect for human rights. Leaders of the organization did this by advocating for blackwomen’s inclusion, and where appropriate, leadership in discussions about peace and justice taking place in international women’s organizations, in the U.S. State Department, and the United Nations.
Get Rich or Die Trying: Unpacking Revenue Model Choice Using Machine Learning and Multiple Cases

While revenue models are gaining strategic importance, related research is incomplete. Thus, we ask the phenomenon-driven question: “When should particular revenue models be used?” We use a novel t...
Update on k-truss Decomposition on GPU

In this paper, we present an update to our previous submission on k-truss decomposition from Graph Challenge 2018. For single k k-truss implementation, we propose multiple algorithmic optimizations that significantly improve performance by up to 35.2x (6.9x on average) compared to our previous GPU implementation. In addition, we present a scalable multi-GPU implementation in which each GPU handles a different ‘k’ value. Compared to our prior multi-GPU implementation, the proposed approach is faster by up to 151.3x (78.8x on average). In case when the edges with only maximal k-truss are sought, incrementing the ‘k’ value in each iteration is inefficient particularly for graphs with large maximum k-truss. Thus, we propose binary search for the ‘k’ value to find the maximal k-truss. The binary search approach on a single GPU is up to 101.5 (24.3x on average) faster than our 2018 k-truss submission. Lastly, we show that the proposed binary search finds the maximum k-truss for “Twitter“ graph dataset having 2.8 billion bidirectional edges in just 16 minutes on a single V100 GPU.
The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and Opportunities to Expand Access to and Use of Financial Services

The Global Findex database is the world's most comprehensive set of data on how people make payments, save money, borrow and manage risk. Launched in 2011, it includes more than 100 financial inclu...
Predictors of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Risks

Computational biomechanics via finite element analysis (FEA) has long promised a means of assessing patient-specific abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture risk with greater efficacy than current clinically used size-based criteria. The pursuit stems from the notion that AAA rupture occurs when wall stress exceeds wall strength. Quantification of peak (maximum) wall stress (PWS) has been at the cornerstone of this research, with numerous studies having demonstrated that PWS better differentiates ruptured AAAs from non-ruptured AAAs. In contrast to wall stress models, which have become progressively more sophisticated, there has been relatively little progress in estimating patient-specific wall strength. This is because wall strength cannot be inferred non-invasively, and measurements from excised patient tissues show a large spectrum of wall strength values. In this review, we highlight studies that investigated the relationship between biomechanics and AAA rupture risk. We conclude that combining wall stress and wall strength approximations should provide better estimations of AAA rupture risk. However, before personalized biomechanical AAA risk assessment can become a reality, better methods for estimating patient-specific wall properties or surrogate markers of aortic wall degradation are needed. Artificial intelligence methods can be key in stratifying patients, leading to personalized AAA risk assessment.
Provider perspectives of implementation of an evidence-based insomnia treatment in Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care: barriers, existing strategies, and future directions.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a highly effective nonpharmacological intervention that is widely considered the gold standard for insomnia treatment. Insomnia is a prevalent and debilitating public health concern. Up to one third of the general population struggles with chronic insomnia, greatly increasing the risk for chronic pain and inflammation, depression and suicide, and cognitive decline. Over the last 10 years, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) evidence-based psychotherapy training program has trained nearly 1000 providers to deliver CBT-I in hospitals and clinics nationwide. Despite increased access, most patients with insomnia receive sleeping medications instead of CBT-I. This is particularly concerning for vulnerable populations, like older adults, who may be at increased risk of harms from medications. The goal of this study was to obtain a broad range of perspectives on CBT-I implementation from providers who commonly utilize and deliver CBT-I. This work identifies barriers and successful strategies used to overcome these barriers to guide future implementation efforts promoting evidence-based sleep care. Semi-structured interviews, using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) as a guide, were conducted with 17 providers from five Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities (8 primary care physicians, 4 primary care psychologists, and 5 CBT-I coordinators). We used a thematic analysis approach in which common ideas were identified across interviews and then grouped into larger conceptual themes. Data were concurrently collected and analyzed with rapid assessment process (RAP) techniques. Findings suggested implementation barriers and facilitators related to the CFIR constructs of intervention characteristic (e.g., providers unfamiliar with primary evidence of CBT-I effectiveness), inner setting (e.g., sleep as a low relative priority in primary care), and outer setting (e.g., lack of external incentives for increasing CBT-I use), as well as several successful strategies, including use of local champions and supportive opinion leaders. These findings suggest promising opportunities to improve implementation of CBT-I, especially at facilities with less well-established CBT-I programs. Formal implementation trials are needed to systematically determine the real-world impact of strategies such as enlisting CBT-I champions, informing opinion leaders about CBT-I services, and promoting network weaving among primary care, mental health, and sleep clinics.
TMEM41B is a host factor required for the replication of diverse coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2

Antiviral therapeutics are a front-line defense against virally induced diseases. Because viruses frequently mutate to escape direct inhibition of viral proteins, there is interest in targeting the host proteins that the virus must co-opt to complete its replication cycle. However, a detailed understanding of the interactions between the virus and the host cell is necessary in order to facilitate development of host-directed therapeutics. As a first step, we performed a genome-wide loss of function screen using the alphacoronavirus HCoV-229E to better define the interactions between coronaviruses and host factors. We report the identification and validation of an ER-resident host protein, TMEM41B, as an essential host factor for not only HCoV-229E but also genetically distinct coronaviruses including the pandemic betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2. We show that the protein is required at an early, but post-receptor engagement, stage of the viral lifecycle. Further, mechanistic studies revealed that although the protein was not enriched at replication complexes, it likely contributes to viral replication complex formation via mobilization of cholesterol and other lipids to facilitate host membrane expansion and curvature. Continued study of TMEM41B and the development of approaches to prevent its function may lead to broad spectrum anti-coronavirus therapeutics.
The Effects of 'Real' Projects: Developing Students’ Competencies Through Service Learning Projects

Business scholars promote service-learning projects as tools for improving student engagement and increasing the level of student achievement in gaining business competencies. This research analyzes pre- and post-survey data and written reflections from students who completed a semester-long service-learning project through which they planned a developmental recreational retreat for military veterans. The results demonstrate how service-learning projects improve students’ competencies in various business disciplines including business writing, advance student perception of the value of civic engagement for business professionals, and result in student perceived improved career readiness after completing the project.
Efficiency of Liquid Nitrate Production by Nonequilibrium Plasma in Atmospheric AIR

Synthesis of nitrates with water, air, and electricity is potentially attractive for local production of fertilizers free from the disadvantages of the Haber-Bosch cycle such as the use of natural gas as a raw material, production of ammonia, and generation of carbon monoxide and dioxide as byproducts. To become commercially viable, the energy cost of plasma production of liquid nitrate should be minimized, and the output maximized.
Repeatability of the Accommodative Response Measured by the Grand Seiko Autorefractor in Children with and without Amblyopia and Adults.

Abstract Purpose To assess test-retest repeatability of the accommodative response (AR) in children with and without amblyopia and adults using the Grand Seiko autorefractor. Design Prospective Reliability Assessment Methods Test-retest of accommodation was obtained while participants viewed 20/150 sized letters at 33 cm using the Grand Seiko autorefractor of children 5 to Results The 95% LOA of the AR was greatest in the amblyopic eyes (-1.25 D, 1.62 D) of children with amblyopia. The 95% LOA were similar between the fellow eyes (-0.88 D, 0.74 D) of children with amblyopia and both eyes of the children without amblyopia (Eye 1: -0.68 D, 0.71 D; Eye 2: -0.59 D, 0.70 D) and the adults (Eye 1: 95% LOA = -0.49 D to 0.45 D; Eye 2: LOA = -0.66 D to 0.67 D). ICC revealed the Grand Seiko autorefractor as a reliable instrument for measuring AR. Conclusions The Grand Seiko autorefractor was more repeatable and reliable when measuring the AR in children and adults without amblyopia than in the amblyopic eye in children with amblyopia. It is recommended that multiple measures of the AR is obtained in amblyopic eyes to improve the precision of measures.
How to Get the Most from Your Host: Risks and Rewards of Intellectual Property Terms in Governmental Prize Competitions

Prize competitions, or innovation tournaments, incentivize the participation of various perspectives with the possibility of winning a prize from the host. The host invites external participation but retains control over the competition to balance its liability risks and intellectual property rewards. In theory, these competitions are high-risk, high-reward. Therefore, both an effective host and competitor should account for the risks and rewards inherent in the contract terms and the structure of the competition. Whether intentionally or inadvertently, hosts employ one of four values: persuasive, possessive, prudent, or passive. The host’s approach to acquiring intellectual property rights through the competition and its defenses to protect itself from liability determine its distinct legal strategy in prize competitions. Accordingly, hosts structure their competitions to reflect their views while using intellectual property rights as a motivator. For example, the values and constraints of passive governmental hosts, as opposed to persuasive private hosts, enable the competitor to benefit by retaining more of its rights. Therefore, competitors should identify the host’s motivations and know about their intellectual property rights in jeopardy throughout the competition to compete effectively. Governmental competitions may offer lower-reward opportunities than private competitions, but the competition structure and terms of governmental competitions provide competitors with lower-risk opportunities enabling a broad competitor market to compete effectively. Thus, public-sector prize competitions are likely more advantageous to risk-averse competitors, whereas risk-taking competitors with more capital may take on the higher-risk and higher-reward private sector prize competitions.
The Ghost of John Hart Ely

The ghost of John Hart Ely haunts the American liberal constitutional imagination. In spite of the failure long ago of any progressive constitutional vision in an increasingly conservative Supreme Court, Ely’s conjectures about the superiority of judges relative to legislatures in the protection of minorities and the policing of the democratic process remain second nature. Indeed, they have been credible enough among liberals to underwrite an anxious or even hostile attitude toward judicial reform. In order to exorcise Ely’s ghost and lay it to rest, this Article challenges his twin conjectures. First, the Article argues that there is little historical and no theoretical basis for the belief that courts will outperform legislatures in overcoming even deeply entrenched historic discrimination against deserving minorities — even as courts act to entrench the power of undeserving ones, like the powerful and wealthy today. Second, the Article contends that Ely’s almost complete failure to anticipate the inaction of the judiciary in policing the democratic process — except when judges assist their own ideological allies — is devastating for his theory, which depended precisely upon an empirical prediction. Ely’s conjecture about the comparative superiority of judges in policing the democratic process has proved untrue because he ignored ideological affiliation (focusing exclusively on personal self-interest) in supposing that, with their independence and life tenure, judges are less likely to act in self-dealing fashion than politicians. And the deepest reason for the ideological affiliation of judges, who often exacerbate what many take to be the worst pathologies of democratic exclusion, is that identifying what arrangements count as more rather than less democratic is itself a matter of intense ideological division. If Ely’s two conjectures fail, nothing remains to support the conclusion that judges deserve excess countermajoritarian power, leaving democracy’s shortcomings to be remedied within democratic politics — which is, in turn, the most desirable future of liberal constitutionalism.
Semi-empirical branching fractions of the 3s23p2–3s3p3 J = 2 transition array in P II11This article is part of a Special Issue on the 10th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas.

A semi-empirical method is used to characterize the 3s23p2–3s3p3 J = 2 transition array in P II. In this method Slater, spin–orbit, and radial parameters are fitted to experimental energy levels to obtain a description of the array in terms of LS-coupling basis vectors. The intermediate coupling (IC) and configuration interaction (CI) amplitudes so obtained are then used to predict the branching fractions of transitions within the array. These two configurations are particularly interesting because the 3s23p2 has been shown to be virtually free of CI, but affected by IC, whereas the 3s3p3 is virtually free of IC, but affected by CI.
The Purification and Characterization of Escherichia coli Enolase

Enolase has been purified from aqueous extracts of Escherichia coli acetone powder by (a) heat treatment, (b) fractionation with acetone, (c) TEAE-cellulose chromatography, (d) Sephadex G-100 chromatography, and (e) crystallization. The purified, crystalline enzyme migrates as a single band in disc gel electrophoresis and is homogeneous by ultracentrifugal analysis. The molecular weight of the enzyme is approximately 90,000, as determined by sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium experiments. The subunit molecular weight estimated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate is 46,000, suggesting that the enzyme is composed of two subunits of equal size. Functionally there are many similarities between E. coli enolase and other enolases studied. Thus, the dependence on Mg2+ for activity and the inhibition by fluoride in the presence of phosphate are quantitatively very similar for all enolases. Other catalytic parameters (Km, Vmax, and pH optimum) are also similar, but minor quantitative distinction indicates that E. coli enolase is more closely related to yeast enolase than to enolases from vertebrate muscle.
Abstract 3589: Adipose stem cell-derived interferon gamma alters breast epithelial stem cell hierarchy

Autologous adipose stem cell transplantation is increasingly being used for soft tissue reconstruction, particularly after mastectomy. However, a recent study demonstrated recurrence of invasive ductal carcinoma in the breast within four months of autologous fat grafting. Previous studies have documented how cancer cells commandeer adipose stem cells (ASC) to support their survival by altering extracellular matrix composition and stiffness. This study focused on delineating the effects of ASCs on the self-renewal capacity of breast epithelial cells. The immortalized breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A, MCF-10A overexpressing Slug, and MCF-10A overexpressing SRC were examined using a mammosphere assay and flow cytometry for the effects of ASCs on their self-renewal and stem-luminal progenitor-differentiated cell surface marker profile. MCF-10A-Slug cells provided a unique model system to study breast epithelial cell dedifferentiation as Slug functions downstream of the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 and is a major suppressor of progenitor cell lineage commitment and differentiation. Interestingly, results with these established cell lines were reproduced in primary breast epithelial cells isolated from a high-risk patient. We show that secreted factors from ASCs promote self-renewal of all cell types examined. ASC co-culture or treatment with ASC conditioned media (CM) altered the number of CD49fhigh/EpCAMlow stem-like and CD49fmedium/EpCAMmedium luminal progenitor cells in 2D culture and mammosphere assays. ASCs secrete Interferon gamma (IFNγ), CD40 ligand, IL-23 and SERPINE1. Among these factors, only IFNγ treatment altered stem cell hierarchy; while MCF-10A-Slug cells displayed only luminal progenitor phenotype, cells treated with IFNγ contained a distinct stem-like cell population. These results suggest that paracrine activity of adipose stem cell-derived factors can either enhance dedifferentiation and promote proliferation of dormant tumor cells or predispose normal cells to transformation by blocking differentiation. Financial support: Susan G. Komen For the Cure SAC110025 and Zeta Tau Sorority (HN) Citation Format: Manjushree Anjanappa, Riesa M. Burnett, Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss, William A. Wooden, Keith L. March, Sunil Tholpady, Harikrishna Nakshatri. Adipose stem cell-derived interferon gamma alters breast epithelial stem cell hierarchy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3589. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3589
Demand for money in developing countries: Some theoretical and empirical results

Abstract This paper examines the role of credit restraint variables in the demand for money function for developing countries where interest rates are inoperative. A simultaneous equation model is proposed to allow for the interaction between these variables and the supply of money. Statistical results indicate that credit restraint variables in the demand for money function have stronger explanatory power than either the inflation rate or the real rate of return on money. The paper also deals with partial demand adjustment and adaptive expectations mechanisms with particular reference to the existence of credit rationing and substitution between money and real assets.
Visualizing Group Differences in Outline Shape: Methods from Biometrics of Landmark Points

This paper concerns the visualization of group differences in the shapes of outlines without landmarks. Two helpful normalizations, Procrustes registration and the thin-plate spline, are available from the biometrics of landmarks. In this new context, the associated displays have both advantages and disadvantages of legibility or interpretation. I introduce a filter design intended to compromise among the many roles such visualizations are expected to serve. These concerns are illustrated using shapes of the corpus callosum in midsagittal images of the human brain, a data set of some relevance for the neurobiology of schizophrenia.
Fatty acid desaturase mutants of yeast: growth requirements and electron spin resonance spin-label distribution.

Two respiratory-sufficient and one respiratory-deficient (nuclear petite) strains of yeast Δ 9 -desaturase mutants were analyzed to determine which fatty acids would serve as replacements for the naturally occurring fatty acids, 16:1 Δ 9 cis and 18:1 Δ 9 cis . The requirement can be satisfied by several fatty acids differing in double-bond position, steric configuration, chain length, and degree of unsaturation. The features common to growth-supporting fatty acids are presented and the effects of varying the carbon source and temperature are considered. In addition, we illustrate several pitfalls encountered in membrane studies which exploit lipid-requiring organisms. Since the membrane fatty acid composition of these mutants can be modified readily, electron spin resonance spectroscopy is used to compare membranes of mutant strains enriched for different fatty acids. The lipid distribution pattern of the most commonly employed electron spin resonance spin-label, 12-nitroxide stearate, was ascertained and compared to that of 18:1 Δ 9 cis .