cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
College adults are not good at self-regulation: A study on the relationship of self-regulation, note taking, and test taking

Self-regulation supposedly plays a central role in memory and learning, especially for adults. Research using simple materials has found that adults are skilled self-regulators. Research using difficult materials has found the opposite. Using difficult materials, the authors attempted to improve college students' self-regulation by allowing extended study time before taking a test. The authors also examined whether background knowledge and note-taking strategies would be positively related to self-regulation. Results indicated that college students were not good at self-regulation, background knowledge and note taking were not related to self-regulation, and note taking and background knowledge were generally better predictors of test performance than self-regulation. Results imply that test performance is more related to note taking and background knowledge than to self-regulation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Fyn tyrosine kinase is a downstream mediator of Rho/PRK2 function in keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion

The Rho GTPase and Fyn tyrosine kinase have been implicated previously in positive control of keratinocyte cell–cell adhesion. Here, we show that Rho and Fyn operate along the same signaling pathway. Endogenous Rho activity increases in differentiating keratinocytes and is required for both Fyn kinase activation and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of β- and γ-catenin, which is associated with the establishment of keratinocyte cell–cell adhesion. Conversely, expression of constitutive active Rho is sufficient to promote cell–cell adhesion through a tyrosine kinase- and Fyn-dependent mechanism, trigger Fyn kinase activation, and induce tyrosine phosphorylation of β- and γ-catenin and p120ctn. The positive effects of activated Rho on cell–cell adhesion are not induced by an activated Rho mutant with defective binding to the serine/threonine PRK2/PKN kinases. Endogenous PRK2 kinase activity increases with keratinocyte differentiation, and, like activated Rho, increased PRK2 activity promotes keratinocyte cell–cell adhesion and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of β- and γ-catenin and Fyn kinase activation. Thus, these findings reveal a novel role of Fyn as a downstream mediator of Rho in control of keratinocyte cell–cell adhesion and implicate the PRK2 kinase, a direct Rho effector, as a link between Rho and Fyn activation.
Smartphones vs. laptops: comparing web browsing behavior and the implications for caching

In this work we present the differences and similarities of the web browsing behavior in most common mobile platforms. We devise a novel Operating System (OS) fingerprinting methodology to distinguish different types of wireless devices (smartphone vs laptops) as well as operating system instances (iOS, Android, BlackBerry etc.). We showcase that most of the multimedia content in smartphone devices is delivered via Range-Requests, and a large portion of the video transfers are aborted. We also show that laptop devices have more intelligent browser caching capabilities. We investigate the impact of an additional browser cache, and demonstrate that a 10MB browser cache that is able to handle partial downloads in smartphones would be enough to handle the majority of the savings. Finally, we showcase that caching policies need to be amended to attain the maximum possible savings in proxy caches. Based on those optimizations the emulated proxy cache provides 10%-20% in bandwidth savings.
Test signals for music reproduction systems

Experiments with both long, continuous tones and short, transient tones have shown that the human ear is insensitive to relative phase differences between fundamentals and overtones. Short notes from a piano and from a drum are studied here to show that the phase requirement for music reproduction is that the group velocity of the system be constant in the relatively narrow regions surrounding the fundamentals and overtones. The phase velocity across the audio spectrum does not have to be constant, thus easing the requirements on loudspeakers, crossover networks, and tape recorders. Pulse-testing schemes require minimum-phase behavior of a system for simple interpretation and therefore tend to overtest a music reproduction system. Random noise can be used as a test signal if elaborate processing equipment is available. However, the sinusoid is still the best test signal for determining distortion and relating device performance to theory.
Improved and physics-based model for symmetrical spiral inductors

Recent growth in RF applications has increased the use of spiral inductors and thus demanded a more accurate model for such devices. In this paper, the authors focus on the model development of spiral inductors with symmetrical terminals, but the same approach can be applied readily to asymmetrical inductors. Relevant and important physics such as the current crowding in metal line, frequency-dependent permittivity in oxide, and overlap parasitics are accounted for. Experimental data and results calculated from the existing inductor models are included in support of the model development.
Imaging tissue mechanical properties using impulsive acoustic radiation force

Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging utilizes brief, high energy, focused acoustic pulses to generate radiation force in tissue, and conventional diagnostic ultrasound methods to detect the resulting tissue displacements in order to image the relative mechanical properties of tissue. Parametric images of maximum displacement, the time the tissue takes to reach its peak displacement, and tissue recovery time provide information about tissue material properties and structure. FEM simulations have been developed and validated of tissue mechanical and thermal response to ARFI excitation. Potential clinical applications under investigation include: soft tissue lesion characterization, assessment of diffuse and focal atherosclerosis, and imaging of thermal lesion formation during tissue ablation procedures. In both in vivo and ex vivo data, structures shown in matched B-mode images are in good agreement with those shown in ARFI displacement images. In ex vivo tissue ablation studies (HIFU and RF-ablation), thermal lesion size correlates well with matched pathology images. In vivo breast studies, palpable breast masses exhibit smaller displacements (i.e. they are stiffer) than surrounding tissues. Some malignant masses appear larger in ARFI displacement images than in matched B-mode images, consistent with a desmoplastic reaction; however, this is not the case for all malignant breast masses that have been studied. Benign fibroadenomas, in general, exhibit less contrast than malignant masses in ARFI displacement images. Results from ongoing studies will be presented.
Introducing L2Ork: Linux Laptop Orchestra.

ABSTRACT Virginia Tech Department of Music’s Digital Interactive Sound & Intermedia Studio in collaboration with the College of Engineering and School of Visual Arts presents the latest addition to the *Ork family, the Linux Laptop Orchestra. Apart from maintaining compatibility with its precursors and sources of inspiration, Princeton’s PLOrk, and Stanford’s SLOrk, L2Ork’s particular focus is on delivering unprecedented affordability without sacrificing quality, as well as flexibility necessary to encourage a more widespread adoption and standardization of the laptop orchestra ensemble. The newfound strengths of L2Ork’s design have resulted in opportunities in K-12 education with a particular focus on cross-pollinating STEM and Arts, as well as research of an innovative content delivery system that can seamlessly engage students regardless of their educational background. In this document we discuss key components of the L2Ork initiative, their benefits, and offer resources necessary for the creation of other Linux-based *Orks.
Stochastic blockmodeling of relational event dynamics

Several approaches have recently been proposed for modeling of continuous-time network data via dyadic event rates conditioned on the observed history of events and nodal or dyadic covariates. In many cases, however, interaction propensities — and even the underlying mechanisms of interaction — vary systematically across subgroups whose identities are unobserved. For static networks such heterogeneity has been treated via methods such as stochastic blockmodeling, which operate by assuming latent groups of individuals with similar tendencies in their group-wise interactions. Here we combine ideas from stochastic blockmodeling and continuous-time network models by positing a latent partition of the node set such that event dynamics within and between subsets evolve in potentially distinct ways. We illustrate the use of our model family by application to several forms of dyadic interaction data, including email communication and Twitter direct messages. Parameter estimates from the fitted models clearly reveal heterogeneity in the dynamics among groups of individuals. We also find that the fitted models have better predictive accuracy than both baseline models and relational event models that lack latent structure. Appearing in Proceedings of the 16 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 2013, Scottsdale, AZ, USA. Volume 31 of JMLR: W&CP 31. Copyright 2013 by the authors.
Linking seed fate to natural dispersal patterns: factors affecting predation and scatter-hoarding of Virola calophylla seeds in Peru

Natural seed deposition patterns and their effects on post-dispersal seed fate are critical in tropical tree recruitment. Previous research showed that the key dispersal agent of the neotropical tree, Virola calophylla, is the spider monkey (Ateles paniscus). Spider monkeys generate a heterogeneous seed deposition pattern because they scatter-disperse seeds diurnally, whereas they clump-disperse seeds at their sleeping sites. The recruitment consequences of this pattern were investigated using manipulative experiments and observations. Scatter-hoarding by spiny rats (Proechimys spp.) caused little rearrangement of the initial seed deposition pattern because they moved seeds only short distances. Seed survival to the seedling stage depended negatively on conspecific seed density and positively on the distance from the nearest adult V. calophylla female. These effects were likely mediated by two important seed predators, spiny rats and beetles (Scolytidae). Furthermore, spider monkeys' seed deposition patterns influenced seed survival. Scatter-dispersed and experimentally dispersed seeds had the highest survival. Conversely, clump-dispersed seeds at sleeping sites, which are far from V. calophylla females, and non-dispersed seeds had equally low survival, suggesting that conspecific density- and distance-dependence acted independently and did not explain all variation in seed survival. Instead, other characteristics of the seed deposition pattern, such as the multi-specific assemblage of seeds at sleeping sites, also affected post-dispersal seed fates.
Piezoelectric tuner compensation of Lorentz detuning in superconducting cavities

Pulsed operation of superconducting cavities can induce large variations of the resonant frequency through excitation of the mechanical modes by the radiation pressure. The phase and amplitude control system must be able to accommodate this frequency variation; this can be accomplished by increasing the capability of the rf power source. Alternatively, a piezoelectric tuner can be activated at the same repetition rate as the rf to counteract the effect of the radiation pressure. We have demonstrated such a system on the prototype medium beta SNS cryomodule with a reduction of the dynamic Lorentz detuning during the rf pulse by a factor of 3. We have also measured the amplitude and phase of the transfer function of the piezo control system (from input voltage to cavity frequency) up to several kHz.
Elastase-Induced Intracranial Aneurysms in Hypertensive Mice

Mechanisms of formation and growth of intracranial aneurysms are poorly understood. To investigate the pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysms, an animal model of intracranial aneurysm yielding a high incidence of large aneurysm formation within a short incubation period is needed. We combined two well-known clinical factors associated with human intracranial aneurysms, hypertension and the degeneration of elastic lamina, to induce intracranial aneurysm formation in mice. Roles of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in this model were investigated using doxycycline, a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, and MMP knockout mice. Hypertension was induced by continuous infusion of angiotensin II for 2 weeks. The disruption of elastic lamina was achieved by a single stereotaxic injection of elastase into the cerebrospinal fluid at the right basal cistern. A total of 77% of the mice that received 35 milliunits of elastase and 1000 ng/kg per minute of angiotensin II developed intracranial aneurysms in 2 weeks. There were dose-dependent effects of elastase and angiotensin II on the incidence of aneurysms. Histologically, intracranial aneurysms observed in this model closely resembled human intracranial aneurysms. Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, reduced the incidence of aneurysm to 10%. MMP-9 knockout mice, but not MMP-2 knockout mice, had reduced the incidence of intracranial aneurysms. In summary, a stereotaxic injection of elastase into the basal cistern in hypertensive mice resulted in intracranial aneurysms that closely resembled human intracranial aneurysms. The intracranial aneurysm formation in this model appeared to depend on MMP activation.
Serials on Optical Disks: A Library of Congress Pilot Program

The Optical Disk Pilot Program of the Library of Congress is described. The characteristics and differences between analog videodisks and optical digital disk technology are defined. The benefits of the optical digital disk, material selection, and the system configuration are discussed. It is concluded that this technology offers promise as a method of document preservation and retrieval.
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of boron nitride using polymeric cyanoborane as source

The plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of boron nitride films was studied using polymeric cyanoborane, (CNBH2)n, a material previously examined by thermally activated CVD. The PECVD procedure yields boron nitride coatings containing ≅20 wt% paracyanogen as a contaminant. This impurity can be removed by heat treatment under vacuum or in an ammonia atmosphere. The boron nitride coatings are hexagonal and appear to be boron deficient. The PECVD process takes place at 300°C, measured at the backside of the substrate, as compared with 600°C in the thermally activated CVD process.
Effects of urbanization on flowering phenology in the metropolitan phoenix region of USA: Findings from herbarium records

Phenological studies have become more prominent recently because of rising interests in understanding how plants, communities, and ecosystems respond to global climate change and urban climate modifications. Herbarium records of plants can be a particularly useful source of information for studying historical trends in phenology in areas where long-term phenological records do not exist. In this study, we used herbarium records to examine the historical patterns of flowering phenology of 87 shrubs and ephemerals in the Phoenix metropolitan region in the southwestern United States from 1902 through 2006. We found that 19% of plant species examined either advanced or delayed their flowering. Also, the flowering responses of 28% of the species examined showed significant differences between urban and non-urban areas: 24% advanced in urban areas and 5% delayed. Our study indicates that urbanization may have a significant effect on the flowering phenology of a small but substantial proportion of plants, which will likely affect native biological diversity and ecosystem services due to potential changes in population and community dynamics.
Thermodynamics of the Trp-cage miniprotein unfolding in urea

The thermodynamic properties of unfolding of the Trp-cage mini protein in the presence of various concentrations of urea have been characterized using temperature-induced unfolding monitored by far-UV circular dichroism spectroscopy. Analysis of the data using a two-state model allowed the calculation of the Gibbs energy of unfolding at 25°C as a function of urea concentration. This in turn was analyzed by the linear extrapolation model that yielded the dependence of Gibbs energy on urea concentration, i.e. the m-value for Trp-cage unfolding. The m-value obtained from the experimental data, as well as the experimental heat capacity change upon unfolding, were correlated with the structural parameters derived from the three dimensional structure of Trp-cage. It is shown that the m-value can be predicted well using a transfer model, while the heat capacity changes are in very good agreement with the empirical models based on model compounds studies. These results provide direct evidence that Trp-cage, despite its small size, is an excellent model for studies of protein unfolding and provide thermodynamic data that can be used to compare with atomistic computer simulations.
The Pleasant Events Schedule-AD: Psychometric Properties and Relationship to Depression and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease Patients

The Pleasant Events Schedule-AD (PES-AD) has been described as a useful tool for identifying pleasant activities for Alzheimer's disease patients. The current investigation provides psychometric data on the PES-AD, introduces a shortened, 20-item version, and examines the relationship between pleasant events, cognitive functioning, and depression. Both versions of PES-AD had good reliability and were significantly correlated with each other and with other relevant measures. As hypothesized, both depression and decreased cognitive functioning were associated with reduced frequency of enjoyable activity, and the reduction was significantly greater in AD patients who were depressed than in those who were not depressed, regardless of cognitive level.
Realizing Rec. 2020 color gamut with quantum dot displays

We analyze how to realize Rec. 2020 wide color gamut with quantum dots. For photoluminescence, our simulation indicates that we are able to achieve over 97% of the Rec. 2020 standard with quantum dots by optimizing the emission spectra and redesigning the color filters. For electroluminescence, by optimizing the emission spectra of quantum dots is adequate to render over 97% of the Rec. 2020 standard. We also analyze the efficiency and angular performance of these devices, and then compare results with LCDs using green and red phosphors-based LED backlight. Our results indicate that quantum dot display is an outstanding candidate for achieving wide color gamut and high optical efficiency.
Seismic Risk Analysis of Infrastructural Systems

This paper discusses the quantitative evaluation of seismic damage and risk for lifelines and other infrastructural systems. The central subject is the determination of the likelihood of attaining various Levels of system impairment, due to earthquakes, and what to do with that information. Seismic damage is measured in terms of system global response to damaging events. Possible parameters to describe global response are mentioned though not discussed at length (references are given). The emphasis is placed in the philosophy of using such parameters as seismic damage measures. The general structure of the algorithms, the assumptions to be made, and the modeling techniques to implement the analysis are discussed. Risk analysis, using the concepts of reliability and expected performance, is addressed. It is concluded that the required analysis techniques are currently founded on a great deal of uncertain and subjective information or both. Nevertheless, these methods do provide a very valuable insight into the seismic performance of infrastructural systems.
Editorial: ACM TOMS Replicated Computational Results Initiative

The scientific community relies on the peer review process for assuring the quality of published material, the goal of which is to build a body of work we can trust. Computational journals such as the ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software (TOMS) use this process for rigorously promoting the clarity and completeness of content, and citation of prior work. At the same time, it is unusual to independently confirm computational results.ACM TOMS has established a Replicated Computational Results (RCR) review process as part of the manuscript peer review process. The purpose is to provide independent confirmation that results contained in a manuscript are replicable. Successful completion of the RCR process awards a manuscript with the Replicated Computational Results Designation.This issue of ACM TOMS contains the first [Van Zee and van de Geijn 2015] of what we anticipate to be a growing number of articles to receive the RCR designation, and the related RCR reviewer report [Willenbring 2015]. We hope that the TOMS RCR process will serve as a model for other publications and increase the confidence in and value of computational results in TOMS articles.
Neutrino Production of Dimuons

Neutrino interactions with two muons in the final state have been studied using the Fermilab narrow band beam. A sample of 18v μ like sign dimuon events withP μ>9 GeV/c yields 6.6±4.8 events after backgroud subtraction and a prompt rate of (1.0±0.7)×10−4 per single muon event. The kinematics of these events are compared with those of the non-prompt sources. A total of 437v μ and 31 $$\bar v_\mu $$ opposite sign dimuon events withP μ>4.3 GeV/c are used to measure the strange quark content of the nucleon: $$\kappa = {{2s} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{2s} {\left( {\bar u + \bar d} \right) = 0.52_{ - 0.15}^{ + 0.17} \left( {or\eta _s \frac{{2s}}{{u + d}} = 0.075 \pm 0.019} \right) for 100< E_v< 230 GeV\left( {\left\langle {Q^2 } \right\rangle = {{23 GeV^2 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{23 GeV^2 } {c^2 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {c^2 }}} \right)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\left( {\bar u + \bar d} \right) = 0.52_{ - 0.15}^{ + 0.17} \left( {or\eta _s \frac{{2s}}{{u + d}} = 0.075 \pm 0.019} \right) for 100< E_v< 230 GeV\left( {\left\langle {Q^2 } \right\rangle = {{23 GeV^2 } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{23 GeV^2 } {c^2 }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {c^2 }}} \right)}}$$ using a charm semileptonic branching ratio of (10.9±1.4)% extracted from measurements ine + e − collisions and neutrino emulsion data.
Quill barbed sutures in body contouring surgery: a 6-year comparison with running absorbable braided sutures.

Background: Body contouring operations are concluded with suture closure of long incisions under tension. While an expeditious and secure repair without complications is the objective, wound closure typically consumes a substantial percentage of the operative time and too often leads to delayed wound healing and other problems. Objectives: The authors evaluate suture-line wound healing for body contouring operations with barbed suture wound closure compared with absorbable running suture closure. Methods: In this retrospective study, wound-healing complications for a 228 consecutive-patient cohort with barbed sutures over a period of 4 years were compared with those for a prior 132 consecutive-patient cohort with absorbable running sutures over a period of 2 years. Complications were classified according to severity: grade 1 (mild), grade 2 (moderate), and grade 3 (severe). The preferred suture techniques for the closure of either thick or thin subcutaneous tissue under tension are described. The authors’ clinical impressions are also presented. Results: Patients whose wounds were closed with absorbable running sutures had a significantly greater incidence of complications at all severity grades of severity than did those with barbed suture closures, with the exception of grade 3 (severe) complications in thighplasty. Logistical regression was <1, and the confidence interval was also <1, in support of these results. Conclusions: Proper barbed suture selection and 2-layer technique led to a statistically significant lower rate of wound-healing complications as compared with prior experience with traditional running braided absorbable sutures. Other benefits were more rapid speed of closure, adequate security of the wound closure, and increased surgeon satisfaction. Level of Evidence: 3
Selling and Sales Promotion in Wholesale Field

THE wholesaler's success in developing a successful and profitable operation depends on handling a sufficient volume of business at satisfactory margins. The objective of the well-managed wholesale enterprise is to sell a budgeted volume of goods at competitive prices with costs which leave a satisfactory profit. The cost factor is particularly important in certain wholesale lines, although not unimportant in any line. The small margins in the sale of staple goods necessitate reducing the unit costs of selling, of commodity handling, and of orderfilling in order to secure a net optimum over-all cost. Furthermore, to the extent that wholesalers depend upon franchise lines, they may find that minimum volume requirements are, for all practical purposes, established by his suppliers. In wanted lines, manufacturers may set quotas which wholesale distributors are often constrained to accept. The general line wholesaler in groceries, drugs, or hardware, may be dependent for a large portion of his business upon no single manufacturer; although even such concerns have secured special important franchises from manufacturers. Generally, however, the sales goal has been set by the general requirements of the business, but that sales goal rarely is one which does not require some selling effort. The industrial distributor may distribute many lines but his desire is to have not only a satisfactory total of sales but also to sell enough of the special lines which he handles to stand well with the manufacturers, either for purposes of profit or prestige. The optimum goal of
Curative surgical resection of adrenocortical carcinoma: Determining long-term outcome based on conditional disease-free probability

Objective:To evaluate conditional disease-free survival (CDFS) for patients who underwent curative intent surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC).Background:ACC is a rare but aggressive tumor. Survival estimates are usually reported as survival from the time of surgery. CDFS estimates may be more
Abstract 4464: Ciclopirox Olamine alters PEAK-1-mediated cytoskeleton organization and invasion of metastatic cancer cells

The majority of cancer patients die from metastatic disease because there are no drugs available to prevent the spread of cancer and eradicate metastases in patients. The antimycotic drug ciclopirox olamine (CPX) is under investigation as a repositioned drug candidate which has anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis activity in experimental models. Because CPX has been FDA tested and shows exceptionally low side effects in patients even at high doses, it has significant potential as both a therapeutic to prevent cancer recurrence after surgical resection and for the long term systemic treatment of cancer patients with overt metastatic disease. However, CPX has not yet been tested for its ability to inhibit metastatic cell function. In this study we examined the ability of CPX to inhibit metastatic cancer cell migration, invasion, and proliferation, and evaluated the signal transduction pathways that regulate these processes. Interestingly, CPX was observed to inhibit the expression of the tyrosine kinase, pseudopodium-enriched atypical kinase 1 (PEAK1), which is necessary for proper remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dynamics in metastatic cancer cells (PNAS, 107(24), 10920-5). Associated with the decrease in PEAK1 expression by CPX was decreased total cellular tyrosine phosphoprotein content, pseudopodium protrusion, cancer cell spreading, movement, and proliferation on extracellular matrix proteins. Collectively, our findings indicate that at therapeutic doses, CPX potently alters cytoskeletal signaling, cancer cell movement, and proliferation by modulating PEAK1 activity. These findings are important in light of the fact that PEAK1 amplification and cytoskeleton modulation have been linked to anchorage-independent cell growth, cell migration, and tumor progression in human gastrointestinal cancers. The exceptional safety record of CPX and our findings support the notion that CPX has significant potential as a repositioned therapeutic agent to combat cancer recurrence and spread in patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4464. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4464
The Oxford Handbook of Food History

We are in the midst of an explosion in scholarly and popular interest in food and its relation to society, culture, health, and the environment. Vital work in food studies has been conducted across...
Clinical Observation of WANG Chong-ren Archiater Treating 56 Pediatric Pneumonia Asthma

Objective:To observe the WANG Chong-ren instructor treat Pediatric pneumonia asthma by principle of"slightly bitter and slightly hot can eliminate the evils".Methods :56 diagnosed patiens were treadted by principle of"slightly bitter and slightly hot can eliminate the evils,"Major herbs :Ephedra ;Perilla ;Almond ;Peucedanum ;Fritillaria ;Loquat Laef ;Scutellaria ;Kikyo.According to symptom to adding or reducing herbs.Result :52 patients were completely recovered ;the condition of 4 patients were improved ;and 0 patiens didn't answer to the treatment,the cure rate is 92.86%.Conclusion :The principle of" slightly bitter slightly hot",can disperse and descend lung-qi,and achieve the purpose of Sputum-resolving and Asthma-relieving,so this principle in treating pediatric pneumonia asthma in remarkable curative effect.
Joint Conditional Simulation of an Iron Ore Deposit Using Minimum or Maximum Autocorrelation Factor Transformation

Considering the multivariable deposits that consist of various attributes that are frequently spatially correlated, the uncertainty associated with the grade-tonnage curves is assessed through the joint conditional simulation techniques. This paper presents the joint simulation of five attributes using the Minimum/Maximum Autocorrelation Factors (MAF). The methodology for joint simulation is three-fold: (1) MAF is used to transform the attributes to non-correlated factors; (2) the variograms for each MAF are computed and modelled; (3) the independent MAFs are individually simulated and back-transformed to the original data space. The methodology is demonstrated in an iron ore deposit in Western Australia, where the attributes of an iron ore deposit are successfully decorrelated and simulated independently. The grade-tonnage curves for each realisation are plotted and compared with the generated one by the kriging estimate. The MAF approach proves itself to be an efficient method for joint simulation of multivariable deposits.
Gut microbiota are linked to increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis in low-aerobic-capacity rats fed an acute high-fat diet

Poor aerobic fitness is linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and increased all-cause mortality. We previously found that rats with a low capacity for running (LCR) that were fed an acute high-fat diet (HFD; 45% kcal from fat) for 3 days resulted in positive energy balance and increased hepatic steatosis compared with rats that were highly aerobically fit with a high capacity for running (HCR). Here, we tested the hypothesis that poor physiological outcomes in LCR rats following acute HFD feeding are associated with alterations in cecal microbiota. LCR rats exhibited greater body weight, feeding efficiency, 3 days of body weight change, and liver triglycerides after acute HFD feeding compared with HCR rats. Furthermore, compared with HCR rats, LCR rats exhibited reduced expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Cecal bacterial 16S rDNA revealed that LCR rats had reduced cecal Proteobacteria compared with HCR rats. Microbiota of HCR rats consisted of greater relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae and unassigned genera within this family, suggesting increased reduction of endogenous mucins and proteins. Although feeding rats an acute HFD led to reduced Firmicutes in both strains, short-chain fatty acid-producing Phascolarctobacterium was reduced in LCR rats. In addition, Ruminococcae and Ruminococcus were negatively correlated with energy intake in the LCR/HFD rats. Predicted metagenomic function suggested that LCR rats had a greater capacity to metabolize carbohydrate and energy compared with HCR rats. Overall, these data suggest that the populations and metabolic capacity of the microbiota in low-aerobically fit LCR rats may contribute to their susceptibility to acute HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and poor physiologic outcomes.
Guidelines for Privacy Protection in Dutch Health Care

At the time of writing this paper, in the Netherlands a data protection (privacy) act is still in preparation. It is to be expected that the introduction will take some more time and that such an act will not provide for specific measures in health care concerning acquisition, handling and retrieval of medical (patient related) data.
Abstract NS 4: Non-Invasive Oscillometric Blood Pressure Monitoring in tPA Treated Patients: Is Mean Arterial Pressure Associated with Patient Outcomes?

Background: Blood pressure (BP) parameters for management of tPA treated patients are well known among experienced stroke clinicians, and violation of systolic and diastolic BP limits have previous...
Factors Affecting Governors’ Decisions to Issue Executive Orders:

Executive scholars suggest that unilateral action is used for two reasons: to circumvent a hostile legislature and in response to delegation from the legislature as a means of expediting action. Ex...
Pure posterior communicating artery occlusion treated with mechanical thrombectomy

There has been no report of mechanical thrombectomy for a pure posterior communicating artery (PComA) occlusion. Here, we report the case of an 87-year-old woman with a disturbance of consciousness and left hemiparesis diagnosed with a right PComA occlusion. The patient was successfully treated using mechanical thrombectomy in combination with a stent retriever and the Penumbra system. A CT perfusion image showed cerebral blood flow reduction in the ipsilateral occipital lobe and thalamus. A CT angiography supported the diagnosis of an occlusion of fetal type PComA. The PComA could not be detected by internal carotidangiogram, but after deployment of stent retriever, the PComA was recanalised and distal embolus at the right posterior cerebral artery was visualised. The thrombus was then removed using the Penumbra system. Although the treatment for a PComA occlusion requires further investigation, the present case supports a thrombectomy as an effective rescue strategy for PComA occlusions.
Constrained Cramér–Rao Lower Bound in Errors-In Variables (EIV) models: Revisited

Abstract The Constrained Cramer–Rao Lower Bound (CCRB) works only for an unbiased estimator. The CCRB of Stoica and Ng (1998) is revisited and generalized. The bound is applied to two applications in the nonlinear EIV models.
Simulation of inextensible elasto-plastic beams based on an implicit rate type model

Abstract The aim of this paper is to show that it is possible to model the elasto-plastic behavior of an inextensible beam undergoing finite bending by using a novel implicit rate type response relation directly between the bending moment, curvature, and their rates. This is in contrast to conventional approaches that require the integration of elasto-plastic stress–strain relations across the thickness of the beam at each time step. The model proposed here (a) is rate independent and exhibits hysteresis, (b) requires no notion of plastic strain and no integration across the thickness, and (c) does not have a sharp yield point and instead transits smoothly between nominally elastic and inelastic response. The governing equations are solved numerically as a set of first order differential equations with very low order interpolation functions for quasi-static response and are capable of modeling both hardening and softening behavior as well as the formation of plastic hinges, etc. Since there is no yield function, there is no necessity to use a return mapping algorithm that was developed specifically for use in elasto-plasticity with sharp yield functions. This simplifies the numerical algorithm also. The simulations for an elastic perfectly plastic beam are compared with elasto-plastic models in ABAQUS TM , and they show good agreement at a fraction of the computational time. Moreover we have compared simulations of large deformations of an aluminum alloy bar subject to three point bending experiments. The simulations also match the experimental results very well. We demonstrate that it is possible to incorporate frictionless sliding contact (which is needed for the three point bending comparison) in a relatively straightforward manner without the complexity that arises when it is handled in a full three-dimensional (3D) model.
Silyl Triflate-Initiated Ring-Opening Polymerizations of Cyclosiloxanes

Polymer yields between 70 and 85% form in ring-opening polymerizations of trimeric cyclosiloxanes initiated with trimethylsilyl triflate in the presence of a selective scavenger for protic acids, 2,6-di-t-butylpyridine. Examples include the polymerization of 1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-tris(3′,3′,3′-trifluoropropyl)cyclotrisiloxane (F3) and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3). Siloxane bond redistribution is essentially absent and data are presented establishing a nonterminating polymerization giving an average of roughly one trimethylsilyl group per chain. The present observations contrast with other work that suggests that the presence of free triflic acid is required for initiation with trimethylsilyl triflate.
Race and Ethnicity: Understanding Difference in the Genome Era

The Human Genome Diversity Project and International Haplotype Map Project introduced a unique set of questions regarding race in genetics. Race and ethnicity are complex concepts, consisting of much more than a simple biological definition. Differences in drug metabolism and drug susceptibility among races seem to imply that race is biological, and thus treatment should vary. However, evidence shows that environmental factors may contribute more to health disparities than any genetic difference. Studies investigating the effects of race often use self-identification. Though this method is more efficient than individual tests, it leads to inaccuracies and gives credence to ideas of biological difference. Furthermore, the use of self-identified race encourages neglect of important environmental factors. Race-based pharmaceuticals reify biological difference while creating a niche market. Attempts to regulate the use of race in genomics research promise future scholarly debate on the roles of race and ethnicity in genetics.
Nurturing Life with Dreams: Therapeutic Dream Work with Cancer Patients

This paper describes the use of dream work as a component of individual counseling for cancer patients. Motivated by the work of experts in the field, who use dream work with their clients facing life-threatening illness and corroborated by a review of the literature, this therapeutic modality was introduced with cancer patients at a social service agency. The clinical work seems to indicate that the use of dreams helps create a safe environment for therapy by encouraging clients to discuss the emotional aspects of their disease and introducing topics, like death and dying, which are normally difficult to discuss.
Comparative Immunology of the Phycobilisome Linker Polypeptides

Since the discovery of linker polypeptides by Tandeau de Marsac and Cohen-Bazire (1), these proteins have been found in all cyanobacterial and red algal phycobi 1 isome (PBsomes) examined. They are critical to the ordered assembly of this very efficient light harvesting antenna. They can be grouped into those polypeptides essential for the assembly of the PBsome rods and rod to core attachment and those needed for the association of allophycocyanin (APC) into the core and its attachment to the thylakoid (2,3). We have identified the function of these linker polypeptides in Nostoc sp. These PBsomes, not atypical of other cyanobacteria, are composed of an APC core, phycoerythrin- (PE) and phycocyanin- (PC) containing rods and five additional polypeptides of 95, 34.5, 34, 32 and 29 kD. The 95 kD polypeptide anchors the PBsome to the thylakoid membrane and is the direct mediator of excitation energy transfer from the PBsome to chl a (4); the 29 kD polypeptide attaches the rods to the core (5). in cells grown in cool white fluorescent light, the 32 kD polypeptide links two PE hexamers, and the 34 kD polypeptide mediates association of PE and with PC hexamers. in red light adapted cells, levels of PE and the associated 32 and 34 kD polypeptides are much reduced; in their stead are rods composed of PC and a 34.5 kD polypeptide which serves to link PC hexamers (6).
Fourier Analysis and Wavelets

In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the theory of Fourier analysis and wavelets. Fourier analysis is a large branch of mathematics, and it is useful in a wide spectrum of applications, such as in solving differential equations arising in sciences and engineering, and in signal processing. The first three sections of the chapter will be devoted to the Fourier series, the Fourier transform, and the discrete Fourier transform, respectively. The Fourier transform converts a function of a time or space variable into a function of a frequency variable. When the original function is periodic, it is sufficient to consider integer multiples of the base frequency, and we are led to the notion of the Fourier series. For a general non-periodic function, we need coefficients of all possible frequencies, and the result is the Fourier transform.
Indomethacin therapy in the treatment of symptomatic polyhydramnios.

Eight gravidas with symptomatic polyhydramnios were managed with maternal indomethacin therapy. The mean gestational age at presentation was 28.6 +/- 3.5 weeks. Only patients requiring serial amniotic fluid decompressions for rapid amniotic fluid reaccumulation were enrolled in the study. An initial amniotic fluid decompression was performed and, when a second decompression was required, indomethacin was initiated. Amniotic fluid volume was measured with a para-amino hippuric acid dilution technique before and during indomethacin therapy. Fetal urine output, studied by serial bladder dimension ultrasonography, declined significantly during indomethacin therapy (P less than .05). Only one patient required further amniotic fluid decompression while on indomethacin. The mean (+/- SD) amniotic fluid volume was 1529 +/- 1070 mL after the initial amniocentesis, and was 2355 +/- 820 mL at the second amniocentesis just before indomethacin therapy. The mean amniotic fluid volume during indomethacin therapy was 1608 +/- 914 mL. We recommend initial amniotic fluid decompression followed by indomethacin therapy for the management of symptomatic polyhydramnios as an alternative to serial amniotic fluid decompressions.
Benchmarking Semiempirical Methods To Compute Electrochemical Formal Potentials

Computational methods to predict and tune electrochemical redox potentials are important for the development of energy technologies. Here, we benchmark several semiempirical models to compute reduction potentials of organic molecules, comparing approaches based on (1) energy differences between the S0 and one-electron-reduced D0 states of the isolated molecules and (2) an orbital energy shift approach based on tuning the charge-transfer triplet energy of the Ag20-molecule complex; the second model enables explicit modeling of electrode–molecule interactions. For molecules in solution, the two models yield nearly identical results. Both PM7 and PM6 predict formal potentials with only a slight loss of accuracy compared to standard density functional theory models, and the results are robust across several choices of geometries and implicit solvent models. PM6 and PM7 show dramatically improved accuracy over older semiempirical Hamiltonians (MNDO, AM1, PM3, and INDO/S). However, our recently developed INDO p...
Estudio contrastivo intercultural de las funciones retóricas de las citas: la producción de textos académicos en el nivel de posgrado escritos en español e inglés

El objetivo principal que persigue nuestra investigacion es el de descubrir cuales son las funciones retoricas que desempenan las citas en la escritura de un trabajo de investigacion universitario de master realizado por 8 estudiantes espanoles y 8 estadounidenses en su lengua nativa. Para estudiar este fenomeno se utilizo la metodologia del analisis textual computarizado de las funciones retoricas de las citas (Petric, 2007). Los resultados obtenidos en la investigacion mostraron que las diferentes convenciones culturales en la composicion de las memorias estudiadas apuntan unas tendencias generales en el numero mas elevado de las citas y en la longitud mayor de las secciones de la Introduccion y la Conclusion en los textos escritos en ingles con respecto al grupo espanol nativo. Por otro lado, los informantes estadounidenses utilizaron un estilo mas dialogico que los espanoles en el uso de la citacion.
How the brain composes morphemes into meaning.

Morphemes (e.g. [tune], [-ful], [-ly]) are the basic blocks with which complex meaning is built. Here, I explore the critical role that morpho-syntactic rules play in forming the meaning of morphol...
Effects of increased minimum wages by unemployment rate on suicide in the USA.

Background Social welfare policies such as the minimum wage can affect population health, though the impact may differ by the level of unemployment experienced by society at a given time. Methods We ran difference-in-differences models using monthly data from all 50 states and Washington, DC from 1990 to 2015. We used educational attainment to define treatment and control groups. The exposure was the difference between state and federal minimum wage in US$2015, defined both by the date the state law became effective and lagged by 1 year. Models included state and year fixed effects, and additional state-level covariates to account for state-specific time-varying confounding. We assessed effect modification by the state-level unemployment rate, and estimated predicted suicide counts under different minimum wage scenarios. Results The effect of a US$1 increase in the minimum wage ranged from a 3.4% decrease (95% CI 0.4 to 6.4) to a 5.9% decrease (95% CI 1.4 to 10.2) in the suicide rate among adults aged 18–64 years with a high school education or less. We detected significant effect modification by unemployment rate, with the largest effects of minimum wage on reducing suicides observed at higher unemployment levels. Conclusion Minimum wage increases appear to reduce the suicide rate among those with a high school education or less, and may reduce disparities between socioeconomic groups. Effects appear greatest during periods of high unemployment.