cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Delivering Chaplaincy Services to Veterans at Increased Risk of Suicide

The present study quantitatively examines the delivery of chaplaincy services to Veterans at increased risk of suicide as well as how chaplains collaborate with other healthcare providers. An on-line survey was distributed to the nationwide network of U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs chaplains, yielding a response rate of 11.91% (N = 118). Most chaplains reported some form of training in suicide prevention, approximately half were involved in safety planning, and the majority reported not engaging in firearm safety counseling. Chaplaincy services were usually delivered through in-person, group, and phone consultations. Respondents were generally satisfied with their collaboration with other healthcare providers, most often collaborating with psychologists, social workers, and counselors. As a descriptive study, the findings serve to inform the delivery of chaplaincy services to at-risk Veterans. Recommendations include expanding service delivery options, developing competency in safety planning and cou...
Cascade Annulation Reactions To Access the Structural Cores of Stereochemically Unusual Strychnos Alkaloids

A new cascade annulation reaction has been developed to access the core structures of a novel family of strychnos alkaloids with a unique stereochemical arrangement. The new annulation cascade is facilitated by the development of a robust reaction sequence to access extremely sensitive N-acyliminium ions. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Robust nonlinear motion control for AUVs

We show how an efficient nonlinear controller for a general model of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) dynamics, with uncertainties and external disturbances, can be designed by means of Lyapunov techniques. The control task we consider consists of tracking a given reference trajectory. As part of the design strategy, both model uncertainties and external disturbances physically corresponding to the effect of an underwater current are represented as a bounded perturbation of a nominal model of the vehicle dynamics.
Aligned Carbon Nanotube Polymer Composites

Carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer nanocomposites are promising new materials with a unique combination of mechanical and transport properties. As physical properties such as mechanical behavior, dielectric relaxation, thermal and electrical conductivities depend strongly on morphological structures of composites, we illustrate in this study the structure/property relationship in vertically aligned CNT (VACNT)/polymer nanocomposites. We have prepared VACNT/polystyrene composites and characterized their morphologies and properties. We have reported previously the continuous variation of alignment order along the height of CNT, which remain unaltered upon forming composites as revealed by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Nanoindentation shows that both the elastic modulus and hardness vary along the CNT growth direction due to the varying tube density, alignment order and entanglement.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
An Empirical Exploration of the Occupational Satisfaction of Counselor Educators: The Influence of Gender, Tenure Status, and Minority Status

In higher education, occupational satisfaction is influenced by the environment as well as by the dispositional variables explored for occupational satisfaction in general. Within the context of counselor education, there are no empirical studies that explore the occupational satisfaction of counselor educators. This article provides an overview of the empirical research exploring group differences based on gender, tenure status, and minority status in occupational stress, coping strategies, and personal strain ratings for counselor educators. Implications for counselor education and future research are discussed.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant for normal karyotype AML: indirect evidence of selection for adverse molecular profile

Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant for normal karyotype AML: indirect evidence of selection for adverse molecular profile
In-Situ Phase Mapping and Direct Observations of Phase Transformations During Arc Welding of 1045 Steel

In-situ spatially resolved X-ray diffraction (SRXRD) experiments were performed during gas tung-sten arc (GTA) welding of AISI 1045 C-Mn steel. Ferrite (α) and austenite (γ) phases were identified and quantified in the weld heat-affected zone (HAZ) from the real time SRXRD data. The results were compiled with weld temperatures calculated using a coupled thermal fluids model to create a phase map of the HAZ. Kinetics of the α → γ transformation during weld heating and the reverse γ → α transformation during weld cooling were extracted from the map. Superheating as high as 250 °C above the A3 temperature was observed for the α → γ phase transformation to reach completion at locations near the fusion zone (FZ) boundary. The SRXRD experiments revealed that the newly created γ phase exists with two distinct lattice parameters, resulting from the inhomogeneous distribution of carbon and manganese in the starting pearlitic/ferritic microstructure. During cooling, the reverse γ → α phase transformation was shown to depend on the HAZ location. In the fine-grained region of the HAZ, the γ → α transformation begins near the A3 temperature and ends near the A1 temperature. In this region, where the cooling rates are below 40 °C/s, the transformation occurs by nucleation and growth of pearlite. In the coarse-grained region of the HAZ, the γ → α transformation requires 200 °C of undercooling for completion. This high degree of undercooling is caused by the large grains coupled with cooling rates in excess of 50 °C/s that result in a bainitic transformation mechanism.
“How Common Culture Shapes the Separate Lives”: Sexuality, Race, and Mid-Twentieth-Century Social Constructionist Thought

From the late 1920s into the early 1950s, a loose network of social scientists, known as the "culture-and-personality school," collaborated in an epistemic shift in social thought that reverberated tbrough the rest of the twentieth century. They explicitly rejected biological tbeories of race and investigated instead bow different "cultures" produced diverse patterns of human behavior. In the past two decades, some historians, including Elazar Barkan, Lee D. Baker, and John P. Jackson, have applauded the liberalism of the culture-and-personality vision of race, while others, including Peggy Pascoe, Daryl Michael Scott, and Alice O'Connor, have critiqued it. In either case, historians agree that the cultural approach shaped the intellectual and legal history of race and the civil rights movement. For example, culture-and-personality theorists had direct and indirect roles in the writing of Gunnar Myrdal's An American Dilemma (1944), the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) statement on race (1950), and the Brown v. Board of Education U.S. Supreme Court decision (1954).'
The association of testosterone with nicotine use in young adult females

This pilot laboratory study examined the relationship of testosterone levels, carbon monoxide (CO) levels, current and adolescent nicotine use, and histories of pubertal onset in 30 young adult female smokers. These females had completed questionnaires regarding nicotine use in the 7th through 10th grades, and again at age 21 as part of a cohort study of drug use. In addition, history of pubertal onset was obtained at age 21, as were testosterone and CO levels. Testosterone levels were positively correlated with cigarette use in the last 30 days (P≤.01), CO levels (P≤.05), cigarette use reported in the 7th and 10th grades (P≤.05), and negatively correlated with age of pubertal onset (P≤.001). The relationship of testosterone to nicotine will be discussed.
A Chandra Survey of Early-Type Galaxies. I. Metal Enrichment in the Interstellar Medium

We present a Chandra study of the emission-weighted metal abundances in 28 early-type galaxies, spanning ~3 orders of magnitude in X-ray luminosity (LX). We report constraints for Fe, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, and Ni. We find no evidence of the very subsolar Fe abundance (ZFe) historically reported, confirming a trend in recent observations of bright galaxies and groups, nor do we find any correlation between ZFe and luminosity. Excepting one case, the ISM is single-phase, indicating that multitemperature fits found with ASCA reflected temperature gradients that we resolve with Chandra. We find no evidence that ZFe (ISM) is substantially lower than the stellar metallicity estimated from simple stellar population models. In general, these quantities are similar, which is inconsistent with galactic wind models and recent hierarchical chemical enrichment simulations. Our abundance ratio constraints imply that 66% ± 11% of the ISM Fe was produced in SNe Ia, similar to the solar neighborhood, indicating similar enrichment histories for elliptical galaxies and the Milky Way. Although these values are sensitive to the considerable systematic uncertainty in the supernova yields, they are in agreement with observations of more massive systems. This indicates considerable homology in the enrichment process operating from cluster scales to low-to-intermediate-LX galaxies. The data uniformly exhibit low ZO/ZMg ratios, which have been reported in some clusters, groups, and galaxies. This is inconsistent with standard SN II metal yield calculations and may indicate an additional source of enrichment, such as Population III hypernovae.
Male-Female Spacing, Territorial Replacement, and the Mating System of Pikas (Ochotona princeps)

Etude du placement de mâles et des femelles de O. princeps pour tester l'hypothese selon laquelle les comportements sociaux influencent le positionnement des territoires d'individus du meme sexe. Le systeme de reproduction de cette espece est examine
Electron-donating properties of p-phenylene phosphine imides: an electrochemical and spectroscopic investigation.

Electronic properties of phosphine imide based organic electron donors have been investigated. N,N‘-p-Phenylenebis(triphenyl)phosphine imide (Ph3PNC6H4NPPh3, 1) has two reversible single-electron oxidations (0.04 and 0.53 V vs SCE). Spectroscopic investigations of poly(p-phenylene phosphine imide)s (2) are similar to those of polymer model compounds, suggesting formation of localized radical cations on the polymer chains and electronically insulating phosphorus atoms.
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III): the inability of the validity conditions to detect random responders.

The effectiveness of the MCMI-III Validity scale, Scale X, and the Clinical Personality Pattern scales to detect random responding is put to the test. The binomial expansion and Monte Carlo techniques were used. If the examiner is willing to interpret tests of questionable validity, then 50% of the random responders will not be detected. Scale X and the Clinical Personality Pattern scales were useless in detecting random responders.
Cellular oxidant stress and advanced glycation endproducts of albumin: caveats of the dichlorofluorescein assay.

Abstract In order to understand the mechanism by which advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) elicit oxidative stress, macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells were exposed to various AGE-albumins, and oxidant stress was estimated from the fluorescence of oxidized dichlorofluorescein using the microtiter plate assay. Strongest fluorescence was observed with methylglyoxal modified albumin (MGO–BSA) compared with native albumin. Similar effects that were prevented by arginine coincubation were seen with phenylglyoxal-BSA. MGO–BSA had increased affinity for Cu 2+ and Ca 2+ , but was conformationally similar to native albumin. Surprisingly, the mere addition of unmodified albumin to cells suppressed the fluorescence of oxidized DCF. While, several site-directed mutants of human serum albumin (HSA), including C34S and recombinant domains II and III retained fluorescence suppressing activity, proteolytic digests, recombinant domain I, and several nonalbumin proteins failed to suppress. Kinetic and ANS binding studies suggested albumin quenches DCF fluorescence by binding to hydrophobic pockets in domains II and III and that MGO–BSA is less hydrophobic than BSA. Finally, BSA also prevented H 2 O 2 catalyzed DCF fluorescence more potently than MGO–BSA. These studies reveal important caveats of the widely used dichlorofluorescein assay and suggest methods other than the microtiter plate assay are needed to accurately assess cellular oxidant stress in presence of native or modified albumin.
IS 19. Using non-invasive brain stimulation to study cerebellar contributions to motor learning

The cerebellum is a crucial structure involved in motor control and learning processes. Although imaging and studies in patients with cerebellar disease have helped understand the cerebellar role in different motor behaviors, little is known about the neurophysiological changes occurring in the cerebellum during human motor learning. In this talk, I will present a series of recent studies that assessed cerebellar neurophysiological contributions to learning and how manipulation of cerebellar excitability affects motor learning processes. First, I will describe how cerebellar excitability is specifically modulated in association to motor learning. Then, I will show that it is possible to modulate cerebellar excitability in humans using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Finally, I will present 2 studies that found that enhancing cerebellar excitability with anodal tDCS improves learning of a hand and a locomotor behavior. These investigations indicate that it is possible to determine neurophysiological processes underlying behaviors that involve the cerebellum, that we can up-and down-regulate cerebellar excitability using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, and that this modulation has an impact in behavior. These results are promising not only to advance our understanding of the role of the cerebellum in motor control, but also to develop strategies to enhance performance, learning and possibly recovery in patients with brain lesions.
Surface-enhanced Raman study of the solid/liquid interface: Conformational changes in adsorbed molecules

Abstract Surface-enhanced Raman scattering was seen from 1-hexadecane thiol adsorbed on silver-island films. The adsorbed amphiphile in contact with air and water exhibited similar trans, or solid-like structures. In contact with chloroform which wets the thiol-coated film, there was a decrease in the number of trans conformations.
Relationship of CRP, IL-6, and fibrinogen with right ventricular structure and function: the MESA-Right Ventricle Study.

Abstract Background/objectives Inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of disease associated with the left ventricle (LV); yet, our understanding of the effect of inflammation on the right ventricle (RV) is quite limited. Methods and results The relationships of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen with RV morphology and function (from cardiac MRI) were examined in participants free of clinical cardiovascular disease (n=4009) from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)-RV study. Multivariable regressions (linear, quantile [25th and 75th] and generalized additive models [GAM]) were used to examine the independent association of CRP, IL-6 and fibrinogen with RV mass, RV end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), RV end-systolic volume (RVESV), RV stroke volume (RVSV) and RV ejection fraction (RVEF). Unadjusted and adjusted analyses revealed strong inverse associations between both CRP and IL-6 with RV mass, RVEDV, RVESV and RVSV (all p Conclusion Levels of CRP and IL-6 are independently associated with RV morphology even after adjustment for the respective LV measure in this multi-ethnic population free of clinical cardiovascular disease. Systemic inflammation may contribute to RV structural changes independent of effects on the LV.
Finite Element Simulation of an Automotive Brake Rotor With Metallic Damping Inserts

A finite element method is developed for simulating the performance of an automotive brake rotor with metallic inserts that are used to dampen the vibration and radiated noise response. The metallic inserts are located in slots that are cast at the edge of the rotor circumference between the two rotor surfaces. Three different rotor configurations are evaluated: (a) an undamped solid rotor, (b) a damped rotor with an unconstrained press-fit metallic insert, and (c) a damped rotor with a constrained cast-in coated metallic insert. Comparisons of the predicted versus measured rotor surface vibration and radiated sound pressure are made to evaluate the effect of the insert and the accuracy of the finite element method. The comparisons show that significant modal damping of the rotor vibration and radiated noise can be achieved through the use of the coated metallic insert. A methodology is developed and applied to evaluate the damping of different metallic inserts and coatings from only the radiated sound pressure response.Copyright © 2010 by General Motors
A cryogenic associative memory

Abstract A new associative memory system composed of persistent-current bit-cells is developed. Each word of the memory system is associated with a selection and control network which is made up of only seven cryotrons. In the proposed system both reading and writing circuits are derived from three-terminal networks with complementary outputs. The write-selection lines are not connected in series, nor are the read-selection lines. Inductance of the circuit for reading or writing a word is made independent of the total number of word positions in the memory. Logic equations describing the reading, writing and comparison circuits are discussed. In this system the processes of comparison, including enabled and enabled-masked operations, sequential nondestructive reading or single individual word destructive reading, and automatic sequential writing, are performed in a simple manner. Furthermore, the matching condition of comparison and the termination of sequential writing and reading processes can be readily indicated.
Proficiency theory of adult learning

Abstract The author's theory of adult learning and teaching uses proficiency as a unifying concept to relate acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes to improved performance, which motivates much adult learning. Proficiency is the capability to perform given the opportunity. An interest in enhanced proficiency encourages adults to engage and persist in learning activities. Effective adult learning is transactional and developmental, with periodic assessment of discrepancies between current and desired proficiency to assess needs, set objective, organize learning activities, and evaluate progress. Experience, learning effectiveness, sense of proficiency, and commitment to enhance proficiency affect the adult's search for meaning which entails acquisition of new learnings and reorganization of old. Effective teaching-learning transactions encourage adult learners to assume major responsibility for objectives and pacing, combine an overview of content with emphasis on important aspects, and contain a sequence of activities that encourages persistence in learning activities and use of new learnings.
Misconceptions of Gender: Sex, Masculinity, and the Measurement of Crime

Gender is a widely used variable within criminological literature. Unfortunately, most researchers attempt to measure gender with a single item on a survey. Most often this item simply asks respond...
Abstract 273: Exosome targeted receptor activation (ExTRAcrine) signaling: A new mode of EGF receptor ligand signaling

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands have been shown to act in an autocrine, paracrine and juxtacrine manner. We report a new mode of signaling - via exosomes. Exosomes are 30-100 nm nano-vesicles that are produced by intralumenal budding into multivesicular bodies (MVB); they are released from many cell types after fusion of the MVB with the plasma membrane. Our studies showed that human breast and colorectal cancer cell lines differ in the composition of EGFR ligands in exosomes isolated from conditioned medium by established methods. By fluorescent-activated vesicle sorting (FAVS; Mol Cell Proteomics 7: 1651-1667, 2008), we show that a single HCA-7-derived exosome contains TGF-α, amphiregulin (AR) and HB-EGF. Ligands localized in exosomes are signaling competent with the ectodomains presented on the outside and cytoplasmic tails on the inside, and exist as stable transmembrane proteins. To explore the biological function of individual ligands, we isolated exosomes from MDCK cells individually stably expressing TGF-α, AR or HB-EGF. We assessed the invasive capacity of these exosomes by incubating them with a breast cancer-derived cell line (LM2-4175) in a Boyden chamber assay and measured the number of invading cells 72 hours later. Exosomes purifed from MDCK cells singly expressing AR induced invasion of LM2-4175 recipient cells 4-fold more than TGF-α or HB-EGF exosomes and 15-30-fold more than recombinant ligands TGF-α, HB-EGF or AR). The number of invading cells exposed to AR exosomes was significantly inhibited by an AR neutralizing antibody, suggesting that the invasive capacity of recipient cells is dependent upon exosomal AR engagement with recipient cell EGFR. Fixed and live cell imaging by confocal microscopy showed that AR exosomes are internalized by recipient cells. Further analysis showed that exosomes isolated from mutant KRAS DLD-1 colon cancer cells increased invasion of LM2-4175 cells 5-fold more than exosomes isolated from cells in which mutant KRAS was eliminated by homologous recombination (DKs-8 cells) and this correlated with increased levels of exosomal AR present in DLD-1 cells compared to DKs-8 cells. We provide the first evidence that EGFR ligands are present in exosomes and demonstrate that AR exosomes confer a greater invasive effect on recipient cells than TGF-α and HB-EGF exosomes or recombinant EGFR ligands. We propose ExTRAcrine signaling as a novel mode of EGFR ligand signaling with important diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 273.
Head, Neck, and Spines: A Role for LIMK-1 in the Hippocampus

LIM kinase 1 regulates actin filament dynamics through inhibition of ADF/cofilins. Surprisingly, nervous system development in LIM kinase 1 knockout mice is grossly normal, but the animals have deficits in spatial learning, alterations in LTP, and abnormalities in hippocampal dendritic spine structure. The findings are consistent with a role for LIMK-1 in synapse formation and function.
Properties of inclusive hadron production in deep inelastic scattering on heavy nuclei at low x

We present a comprehensive study of inclusive hadron production in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at low $x$. Properties of the hadron spectrum are different in different kinematic regions formed by three relevant momentum scales: photon virtuality ${Q}^{2}$, hadron transverse momentum ${k}_{T}$ and the saturation momentum ${Q}_{s}(x)$. We investigate each kinematic region and derive the corresponding asymptotic formulas for the cross section at the leading logarithmic order. We also analyze the next-to-leading-order corrections to the Balitski\ifmmode \breve{\imath}\else \u{\i}\fi{}-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov kernel that are responsible for the momentum conservation. In particular, we establish the asymptotic behavior of the forward elastic dipole-nucleus scattering amplitude at high energies deeply in the saturation regime and a modification of the pomeron intercept. We study the nuclear effect on the inclusive cross section using the nuclear modification factor and its logarithmic derivative. We argue that the later is proportional to the difference between the anomalous dimension of the gluon distribution in nucleus and in proton and thus is a direct measure of the coherence effects. To augment our arguments and present quantitative results we performed numerical calculations in the kinematic region that may be accessible by the future DIS experiments.
The effects of tropical cirrus clouds on the abundance of lower stratospheric ozone

The distribution of many chemical constituents of the atmosphere (e.g., ozone) is at least partially determined by the distribution of net radiative heating in the atmosphere. In this paper, we demonstrate the significant effect of high cirrus clouds on the net radiative heating of the tropical lower stratosphere. A model of tropical lower stratospheric ozone is then used to demonstrate the sensitivity of calculated ozone to the varying cloud cover used in the model. We conclude that calculated ozone is sensitive to the inclusion of clouds in models and that models of the atmosphere should include a realistic description of tropical cirrus clouds in order to accurately simulate the chemical composition of the atmosphere.
Influence of daylength on gibberellin metabolism and stem growth in Silene armeria.

When radioactive gibberellin A5 (3H-GA5) was applied to the apices and surrounding young leaves of the long-day plant Silene armeria, it was partially converted to at least two other acidic substances. One of them was similar to GA3 in chromatographic, but not in biological properties. The other metabolite was more polar than GA3 and inactive in the dwarf d-5 corn assay.
Estradiol or Diarylpropionitrile Decrease Anxiety-Like Behavior of Wildtype, but Not Estrogen Receptor Beta Knockout, Mice

Clinical and basic studies demonstrate that estrogen (E-sub-2)-based therapies influence anxiety and mood, but the receptor targets (e.g., a or ss isoform of the estrogen receptor, ER) for these effects requires further investigation. To address the specificity of E2's anxiolytic-like effects through ERss, anxiety, motor, and nociceptive behavior of ovariectomized, wildtype (WT), and ERss knockout (ssERKO) mice was examined. Mice were administered oil vehicle or ER agonists, 17ss-E2 (E2; 0.1 mg/kg; similar affinity for ERa and ERss), and a selective ER modulator, diarylpropionitrile (DPN; 0.1 mg/kg; greater affinity for ERss than ERa). Performance of mice in anxiety (open field, elevated plus maze, elevated zero maze, social interaction), motor activity (activity monitor) and nociception (tailflick, pawlick) measures was compared. Results supported our hypothesis that ERss is important in modulation of anxiety-like behavior by E2 in some tasks. Administration of E2 or DPN to WT, but not ssERKO, mice increased open field central entries, plus maze open arm time, zero maze open quadrant time, and social interaction. This pattern was neither seen in motor activity nor pain threshold measures. Thus, actions of ERss may be important for modulating anxiety-like behavior of mice.
Effects of lithium environment on the fatigue properties of ferritic and austenitic steels

Abstract Low-cycle fatigue data have been obtained on HT-9 alloy and Type 304 stainless steel at 755 K in a flowing lithium environment of controlled purity. The results show that the fatigue properties of these materials are strongly influenced by the concentration of nitrogen in lithium. For HT-9 alloy, the fatigue life in lithium containing 1000–1500 wppm nitrogen is a factor of 2 to 5 lower than that in lithium with 100–200 wppm nitrogen. The reduction In fatigue life in high-nitrogen lithium can be attributed to internal corrosive attack of the material. The specimens tested in high-nitrogen lithium show considerable surface corrosion, internal corrosive attack, secondary cracks, and partial intergranular fracture mode. This behavior is not observed in specimens tested either in low-nitrogen lithium or a sodium environment.
Downregulation of connexin43 by microRNA-130a in cardiomyocytes results in cardiac arrhythmias

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as critical regulators of diverse physiological and pathological processes; however, studies of miRNAs and arrhythmogenesis remain sparse. Connexin43 (Cx43), a major cardiac gap junction protein, has elicited great interest in its role in arrhythmias. Additionally, Cx43 was a potential target for miR-130a as predicted by several computational algorithms. This study investigates the effect of miR-130a overexpression in the adult heart and its effect on cardiac rhythm. Using a cardiac-specific inducible system, transgenic mice demonstrated both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. We performed ventricular-programmed electrical stimulation and found that the αMHC-miR130a mice developed sustained ventricular tachycardia beginning 6weeks after overexpression. Western blot analysis demonstrated a steady decline in Cx43 after 2weeks of overexpression with over a 90% reduction in Cx43 levels by 10weeks. Immunofluorescent staining confirmed a near complete loss of Cx43 throughout the heart. To validate Cx43 as a direct target of miR-130a, we performed in vitro target assays in 3T3 fibroblasts and HL-1 cardiomyocytes, both known to endogenously express miR-130a. Using a luciferase reporter fused to the 3'UTR of Cx43, we found a 52.9% reduction in luciferase activity in 3T3 cells (p<0.0001) and a 47.6% reduction in HL-1 cells (p=0.0056) compared to controls. Addition of an antisense miR-130a inhibitor resulted in a loss of inhibitory activity of the Cx43 3'UTR reporter. We have identified an unappreciated role for miR-130a as a direct regulator of Cx43. Overexpression of miR-130a may contribute importantly to gap junction remodeling and to the pathogenesis of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
Financial Restatements, Cost of Debt and Information Spillover: Evidence From the Secondary Loan Market

: In this paper, we investigate the effect of financial restatements on the debt market. Specifically, we focus on the secondary loan market, which has become one of the largest capital markets in the US, and ask the following: (1) whether financial restatements increase restating firm's cost of debt financing and (2) whether the information about restatements arrives at the secondary loan market earlier than at the stock market? Using 176 restatement data, we find significant negative abnormal loan returns and increased bid-ask spreads around restatement announcements. Furthermore, this negative loan market reaction is more pronounced when the restatement is initiated by either the SEC or auditors, and when the primary reason for restatement is related to revenue recognition issues. Additionally, we find restatement information arrives at the secondary loan market earlier than at the equity market, and that such private information quickly flows into the equity market. We also show that stock prices begin to decline approximately 30 days prior to the restatement announcements for firms with traded loans. However, we do not find such informational leakage for firms without traded loans. Collectively, the results of this paper suggest: (1) increased cost of debt financing after restatements and (2) superior informational efficiency of the secondary loan market to the stock market.
Enhancement of the photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency of nanotubular TiO2 photoanodes using nitrogen plasma assisted surface modification

A synergistic combination of nanostructure synthesis and plasma surface modification was used to enhance the photoelectrochemical activity of titania (TiO2) anodes. Titania nanotubular photoanodes were synthesized by electrochemical anodization of Ti thin foils. Nitrogen plasma was used to dope N at the surface of the photoanodes while removing chemisorbed species. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed an increase in the surface concentration of nitrogen. The photocurrent density of plasma treated samples was approximately 80% higher than that of the control. The open circuit potential of the plasma treated samples was more negative compared to that of the control, implying a favorable energetics for water splitting. This increase in photoactivity could be ascribed to: (1) increased absorption of visible light due to bandgap reduction, (2) minimization of charge carrier traps, (3) optimal oxygen vacancies, and (4) increased surface area for enhanced optical absorption and improved charge carrier generation.
Multimodal question answering for mobile devices

This paper introduces multimodal question answering, a new interface for community-based question answering services. By offering users an extra modality---photos---in addition to the text modality to formulate queries, multimodal question answering overcomes the limitations of text-only input methods when the users ask questions regarding visually distinctive objects. Such interface is especially useful when users become curious about an interesting object in the environment and want to know about it---simply by taking a photo and asking a question in a situated (from a mobile device) and intuitive (without describing the object in words) manner. We propose a system architecture for multimodal question answering, describe an algorithm for searching the database, and report on the findings of two prototype studies.
Comments on the reflection of electrons from standing light waves

Abstract Certain discrepancies in a recent paper purporting to describe the successful observation of an effect predicted by Kapitza and Dirac are discussed. It is concluded that the claims for success are inadequately supported by the evidence.
Millimeter-wave Backscatter Measurements Of Various Snow Forms

With the advent of radars and remote sensing systems operating at millimeter wavelengths, the scattering properties of snow surfaces are of special interest. In this paper, we present NRCS measurements of various snow profiles for VV, VH, HH and HV polarizations at 215 GHz. A combined backscatter model calculations based on surface and volume scattering theory, together with shadowing rorrections, is seen to agree with the measured data reasonably well.
Quantification of protein solutions with trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid.

Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) may be used for quantifying dilute solutions of protein. The trinitrophenyl protein—sulfite complexes resulting from reaction of TNBS with protein in the presence of sulfite are highly colored and exhibit maximum spectral absorbance at 420 nm. The TNBS protein—sulfite complex is formed by a simple two-stage condensation and complexation reaction. Protein in concentrations as low as 20 µg may be detected by the reaction. The method devised for protein quantification compares favorably with an ultraviolet spectrophotometric method and the conventional biuret procedure. Bilirubin and hemoglobin interference with the TNBS method is negligible. The procedure is useful for measuring total protein and globulin in serum and cerebrospinal fluid and also for measuring minor serum protein components. Procedural parameters and factors affecting the measurement of protein by the TNBS—sulfite reaction are presented.
Boundary-layer theory for blast waves

It is profitable to consider the blast wave as a flow field consisting of two regions: the outer, which retains the properties of the inviscid solution, and the inner, which is governed by flow equations including terms expressing the effects of heat transfer and, concomitantly, viscosity. The latter region thus plays the role of a boundary layer. Reported here is an analytical method developed for the study of such layers, based on the matched asymptotic expansion technique combined with patched solutions.
Modeling high-pressure char oxidation using langmuir kinetics with an effectiveness factor

The global nth order rate equation has been criticized for lack of theoretical basis and has been shown to be inadequate for modeling char oxidation rates as a function of total gas pressure. The simple Langmuir rate equation is believed to have more potential for modeling high pressure char oxidation. The intrinsic Langmuir rate equation is applied to graphite flake oxidation data and agrees well with reaction rates at three temperatures over the entire range of oxygen pressure (1–64 atm). It also explains the change of reaction order with temperature. In this work, the intrinsic Langmuir rate equation is combined with (1) an effectiveness factor to account for pore diffusion effects and (2) a random pore structure model to calculate effective diffusivity. The resulting model is able to predict the reaction rates of large (ca. 8 mm) coal char particles as a function of gas velocity, total pressure, oxygen partial pressure, oxygen mole fraction, initial particle size, and gas temperature. This approach is also able to correlate the particle burnouts of pulverized (70 lm) coal char particles in a drop tube reactor as a function of total pressure, oxygen mole fraction, gas and wall temperatures, and residence time. The ability of the model to correlate data over wide range of temperature and pressure is promising.
Anti-relaxin and relaxin on prolactin and gonadotropin secretion in vitro from porcine pituitary cells

This study examines the possibility of a feedback interaction between gonadal relaxin and the pituitary by investigating the impact of exogenous relaxin and ablation of endogenous with relaxin anti-relaxin serum on pituitary hormone secretion in vitro. Three wells were assigned to treatments: 0, 100 and 1000 ng ml−1 of relaxin, 1:100, 1:1000 and 1:10000 titer of anti-relaxin. Relaxin significantly enhanced prolactin (PRL) secretion (P < 0.05) in long-term culture but had no effect on luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone secretion. Relaxin anti-serum stimulated a dose dependent increase (P < 0.05) in gonadotropin secretion at 48, 72 and 96 h. Luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone increased two-fold in 48 h cultures in response to 1:100 anti-relaxin serum in comparison with untreated controls. Anti-relaxin serum at 1:100 completely suppressed PRL secretion after either 48, 72, and 96 h of culture. At 48 h all levels of anti-relaxin serum completely suppressed PRL secretion. These results indicate that endogenous relaxin may be involved at the adenohypophysial level in modulating gonadotropin and PRL release in the pig.
Transfusion-associated noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Although noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) is a recognized complication of blood transfusion, the precise etiology is not well understood. NCPE may be secondary to complement-mediated pulmonary capillary injury initiated by either donor or recipient anti-leukocyte antibodies. It is not caused by simple volume overload. Recent blood banking texts and published case reports continue to suggest diuretics as part of the initial therapy for this complication. We report a case of transfusion-associated NCPE in which empirical diuretic therapy clearly was detrimental and suggest that the use of diuretics for treatment of this condition is not warranted. Reversal of progressive hypoxemia is the mainstay of therapy. Hemodynamic monitoring is important in differentiating NCPE from pulmonary edema secondary to cardiac failure or volume overload and should be used as a guide for further therapy.
Safety and efficacy of ticagrelor for neuroendovascular procedures. A single center initial experience

Introduction Although platelet response testing is controversial, up to one-third of neuroendovascular patients are ‘resistant’ to clopidogrel and are at risk for in stent thrombotic complications and may require alternative antiplatelet therapy. Ticagrelor is a new reversible ADP P2Y12 platelet receptor inhibitor with no known resistance. We describe the clinical experience with ticagrelor for neuroendovascular procedures as an alternative in clopidogrel P2Y12 platelet resistant patients. Methods We reviewed our cerebrovascular database for all patients who were non-responders to clopidogrel, defined as P2Y12% inhibition Results 18 patients were non-responders to clopidogrel; 10 (56%) were men, eight (44%) were women, with a median age of 61 years (range 38–84). All patients received loading doses of at least 600 mg of clopidogrel and showed P2Y12 levels below 20% prior to ticagrelor administration. Patients were loaded with 180 mg of ticagrelor, and all but one patient showed an initial P2Y12 response above 60%. 11 patients underwent stenting, two underwent coiling, and five underwent treatment by pipeline embolization device. No patient experienced any adverse effects in the postoperative period related to the use of ticagrelor. Conclusions Ticagrelor offers an effective alternative to clopidogrel non-responders. All of our patients showed immediate platelet inhibition after a loading dose of 180 mg of ticagrelor, with no adverse effects. The cost of medication, patient compliance (twice a day doses), and reversible inhibition should be taken into consideration when using ticagrelor.
Estimating tools to support multipath agility in electronics manufacturing

The changing needs of the modern customer are driving electronics manufacturing systems to produce smaller quantities of identical products, put with a higher level of customization. The increased customization, and the subsequent adoption of concurrent engineering practices driven by the significance of the product time-to-market and compounded by the distributed nature of enterprises, makes it very difficult to accurately estimate the product manufacturing cost and the cycle time for new products. The importance of these measures has only increased with the smaller profit margins that are typical in today's highly competitive markets. The increasing levels of intangible factors whose effects are difficult to quantify, such as the in-house information and communication systems, and that substantially affect these measures has also made the task of estimating these more involved. This paper discusses conceptual methodologies to address the issues of cost and cycle time estimation in an agile manufacturing environment.
Patient-reported care coordination: associations with primary care continuity and specialty care use.

PURPOSE Care coordination is increasingly recognized as a necessary element of high-quality, patient-centered care. This study investigated (1) the association between care coordination and continuity of primary care, and (2) differences in this association by level of specialty care use. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of Medicare enrollees with select chronic conditions in an integrated health care delivery system in Washington State. We collected survey information on patient experiences and automated health care utilization data for 1 year preceding survey completion. Coordination was defined by the coordination measure from the short form of the Ambulatory Care Experiences Survey (ACES). Continuity was measured by primary care visit concentration. Patients who had 10 or more specialty care visits were classified as high users. Linear regression was used to estimate the association between coordination and continuity, controlling for potential confounders and clustering within clinicians. We used a continuity-by-specialty interaction term to determine whether the continuity-coordination association was modified by high specialty care use. RESULTS Among low specialty care users, an increase of 1 standard deviation (SD) in continuity was associated with an increase of 2.71 in the ACES coordination scale (P CONCLUSIONS High use of specialty care may strain the ability of primary care clinicians to coordinate care effectively. Future studies should investigate care coordination interventions that allow for appropriate specialty care referrals without diminishing the ability of primary care physicians to manage overall patient care.
Linear and Nonlinear Spatial Models in Agricultural Competition, Land Use, and Production Potential

the analysis of land-use patterns, interregional competition, supply potential, and other spatial aspects of the agricultural industry. The landuse studies of the 1930's [15], studies of interregional competition in the dairy industry in the same decade [11], and the capacity studies during World War II [7] are all early examples of this interest. Because of lack of data and limited computational capacity, these early studies were unable either to include all relevant competitive products and important producing areas or to incorporate enough simultaneous regional interdependencies. Data deficiencies (both quantitative and qualitative) still impose limitations, but modern computers have eliminated many of the computational restrictions. In the mid-1950's, for example, we had difficulty finding a computer which could solve a problem with only 210 restraints and 310 real variables. Now, thanks to improved computers and decomposition algorithms, a model with 4,000 restraints and 37,000 variables does not exhaust computer capacity. Unfortunately, there has been no comparable improvement in the supply of data. Although other types of models are used, most spatial models, linear or nonlinear, and most supply-response (representative-farm) models are activity-analysis models. Spatial models use a region as the basic producing unit; supply-response models use an individual (representative or typical) farm. Supply-response models try to predict market supply under a given set of market conditions-ignoring, for the most part, interactions between farms in different regions or, for that matter, between farms in the same region. Spatial models try to take account of interregional competitive forces by explicitly including demand restraints and permitting interregional commodity shipments. Insofar as they are inconsistent with regional
Do voters demand responsive governments? Evidence from Indian disaster relief☆

Abstract Using rainfall, public relief, and election data from India, we examine how governments respond to adverse shocks and how voters react to these responses. The data show that voters punish the incumbent party for weather events beyond its control. However, fewer voters punish the ruling party when its government responds vigorously to the crisis, indicating that voters reward the government for responding to disasters. We also find evidence suggesting that voters only respond to rainfall and government relief efforts during the year immediately preceding the election. In accordance with these electoral incentives, governments appear to be more generous with disaster relief in election years. These results describe how failures in electoral accountability can lead to suboptimal policy outcomes.