cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The current status of hydrogen storage in metal–organic frameworks—updated

Hydrogen storage in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), or porous coordination polymers, has been extensively investigated in the last two years and this review is to serve as an up to date account of the recent progress. The effects of MOF sample preparation and activation, functionalization (including post-synthetic), catenation, unsaturated metal sites, metal doping and spillover have been discussed using recent examples. In addition to a condensed reference table of all recently reported MOFs for hydrogen storage, future directions are discussed based on promising new materials and reported computational analyses.
Determination of reducing sugars in French fried potatoes by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid

Abstract Determination of reducing sugars in raw potatoes by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid is well documented. For French fried potatoes, especially if prepared in repetitively used frying oil, higher erratic values occurred as compared with standard. These values were related to oil pigmentation interference with reducing sugars.
Prolonged Natural Deferment of Hatching in Killifish.

The drying up of flooded lowlands stranded eggs of Fundulus confluentus, which were unhatched and viable after as much as 3 months9 exposure. The eggs were found in the moist plant debris on the soil surface. When ovigerous sods were immersed in tap water, normal fish hatched within 15 to 30 minutes.
A temperature‐related homogenization technique and its implementation in the meshfree particle method for nanoscale simulations

A new homogenization technique, the temperature-related Cauchy–Born (TCB) rule, is proposed in this paper with the consideration of the free energy instead of the potential energy. Therefore, temperature effects at the nanoscale can be investigated using continuum approximation with the implementation of the TCB rule. The TCB rule is verified via stress analyses of several crystalline solids. Temperature-related material instability is also studied. In addition, a new hierarchical multiscale method is developed through implementing the TCB rule into meshfree particle methods. Quasicontinuum meshfree particle simulations are conducted to investigate bending of nanobeams, crack propagation in nanoplates and a three-dimensional nanoindentation problem. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Displacement threshold energies in β-SiC

Abstract We have calculated the displacement threshold energies (Ed) for C and Si primary knock-on atoms (PKA) in β-SiC using molecular dynamic simulations. The interactions between atoms were modeled using a modified form of the Tersoff potential in combination with a realistic repulsive potential obtained from density-functional theory calculations. The simulation cell was cubic, contained 8000 atoms and had periodic boundaries. The temperature of the simulation was about 150 K. Our results indicate strong anisotropy in the Ed values for both Si and C PKA. The displacement threshold for Si varies from about 36 eV along [001] to 113 eV along [111], while Ed for C varies from 28 eV along [111] to 71 eV along [111]. These results are in good agreement with experimental observations.
Thomas F. O'Dea, the Harvard Values Project, and the Mormons: Early Lessons on Ethnography among the Literate

The Harvard Comparative Values Project (1949-1955) was an innovative interdisciplinary study of five ethnic communities living in close contact in the vicinity of Ramah, New Mexico. In 1950, Thomas F. O’Dea was the project’s Mormon specialist, responsible for conducting a thorough ethnography of the Mormon community of Ramah. There the Values Project encountered some of the challenges of research among literate subjects that would occupy American anthropologists a generation later. Facing problems of entree and deteriorating rapport in a community suspicious about recent increases in the number of resident researchers, O’Dea managed through a mixture of authoritative testimonial, in-depth personal participation, and gradual disclosure to win almost total cooperation. In the present paper we draw upon O’Dea’s field notes and Values Project correspondence to illustrate the project policies of information control and some of the consequences of those policies. The tendency of Values Project leadership to pra...
Learning “schooled literacy”: The literate life histories of mainstream student readers and writers

This study examines the autobiographical literate life histories of mainstream student readers and writers. The research aim is to explore students’ own developing understandings of their actual experiences reading and writing. The findings suggest that the school context determines to a significant degree students’ understandings of reading and writing as literate activities and of themselves as readers and writers. Specifically, students understand reading and writing as demonstrations of what they know. Their purpose is to give teachers what they want, and their hope is to get an A. More importantly, they begin to believe themselves so incompetent that they no longer enjoy reading and writing; indeed, they read and write as little as possible.
Learning to Accept in Ultimatum Games: Evidence from an Experimental Design that Generates Low Offers

Focusing on responder behavior, we report panel data findings from both low and high stakes ultimatum bargaining games. Whereas Slonim and Roth (1998) find that offers are rejected fairly equally across rounds in both low and high stakes games, we find that learning does take place, but only when there is sufficient money on the table. The disparate results can be reconciled when one considers the added power that our experimental design provides-detecting subtle temporal differences in responder behavior requires a data generation process that induces a significant number of proportionally low offers.
Transposable element Tc1 of Caenorhabditis elegans recognizes specific target sequences for integration.

Abstract The frequency of movement of Tc1, a 1.6-kilobase transposable element in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, is under genetic control, and Tc1 insertion sites are widely but nonrandomly distributed. The usually high frequency of insertions at multiple sites in the gene unc-22 suggested that this gene might be particularly rich in preferred target sites. To discover the features of Tc1 target sites, we have sequenced the sites of seven independent Tc1 transpositions into unc-22 and three other sites. Our comparison of these and two other sites from the literature indicates that in all cases Tc1 integrates at the dinucleotide T-A when it is flanked both 5' and 3' by particular preferred nucleotides. Our analysis revealed the following consensus target for Tc1 integration: G-A-K-A-T-A-T-G-T, in which K = G or T. This target site sequence specificity has implications both for the mechanism of Tc1 transposition and the use of Tc1 in cloning genes by transposon-tagging.
Epitaxial Stabilization of Face Selective Catalysts

Selective, active, and robust catalysts are necessary for the efficient utilization of new feedstocks. Face-selective catalysts can precisely modify catalytic properties, but are often unstable under reaction conditions, changing shape and losing selectivity. Herein we report a method for synthesizing stable heterogeneous catalysts in which the morphology and selectivity can be tuned precisely and predictably. Using nanocrystal supports, we epitaxially stabilize specific active phase morphologies. This changes the distribution of active sites of different coordination, which have correspondingly different catalytic properties. Specifically, we utilize the different interfacial free-energies between perovskite titanate nanocube supports with different crystal lattice dimensions and a platinum active phase. By substituting different sized cations into the support, we change the lattice mismatch between the support and the active phase, thereby changing the interfacial free-energy, and stabilizing the active phase in different morphologies in a predictable manner. We correlate these changes in active phase atomic coordination with changes in catalytic performance (activity and selectivity), using the hydrogenation of acrolein as a test reaction. The method is general and can be applied to many nanocrystal supports and active phase combinations.
Current Evaluation and Management of Patients With Mitral Stenosis

Case presentation: A 28-year-old woman with known mitral stenosis (MS) who was not taking antibiotic prophylaxis presented with new onset of chest pain, atrial fibrillation, and “heart failure.” She was treated for “heart failure” and converted spontaneously to sinus rhythm. Echocardiographic/Doppler studies showed a mitral valve gradient (MVG) of 7, a mitral valve area (MVA) of 1.2 cm2, 2+ mitral regurgitation (MR), no tricuspid regurgitation, normal left ventricular (LV) size and function, no left atrium (LA) thrombus, and a mitral valve score (University of Southern California [USC] scoring system) of 1, with no calcium in the commissures. At cardiac catheterization, mean pulmonary artery (PA) wedge was 23 mm Hg, mean PA pressure was 25 mm Hg, MVG was 10 mm Hg, and MVA was 1.2 cm2. On exercise, mean PA wedge was 30 mm Hg, mean PA pressure was 55 mm Hg, and MVG was 18 mm Hg. On angiography, the LV end-diastolic volume was 80 mL/m2, ejection fraction was 0.48, and 2+ MR, with normal coronary arteries. After catheter balloon commissurotomy (CBC), the MVA was 2.0 cm2, mean PA wedge was 13 mm Hg, and mean PA pressure was 20 mm Hg, with no MR. Her discharge medications were penicillin V 250 mg twice daily and antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of infective endocarditis. ### Current Evaluations and Management of MS In almost all patients, MS is the result of previous rheumatic carditis with valve involvement. #### Severity of MS The relationship of the MVG as a function of the rate of mitral valve flow per diastolic second for various MVAs is shown in Figure 1. The threshold of onset of pulmonary edema is ∼20 mm Hg. Assuming a normal mean LV diastolic pressure (LVDP) of 5 mm Hg, a mean MVG of 20 mm Hg would be necessary1 to maintain …
"Who Did Archaeology in the United States Before There Were Archaeologists and Why? Preprofessional Archaeologies of the Nineteenth Century." by Thomas C. Patterson. In Processual and Postprocessual Archaeologies, edited by Robert W. Preucel, Center for A

Patterson's paper is a condensation of two he had presented in 1988 and 1989, at conferences previous to the Carbondale Visiting Scholar Conference of 1989. He characterizes the early United States as harboring two contrasting political philosophies, agrarian versus mercantile capitalism. The agrarians, of whom Thomas Jefferson is of course the most illustrious example, followed the physiocrats in believing agricultural land to be the foundation of societies, therefore the manifest destiny of the new Republic was to conquer, and colonize more land. The mercantilists, primarily in Boston, emphasized civilization as the refinement of technologies, social order, and tastes. Both philosophies were cast in Enlightenment terms.
Exchanging care records using HL7 V3 care provision messages

Objective This paper describes Health Level 7 (HL7) V.3 Care Transfer, Care Record Query, and Care Record messages. This is the core of the Care Provision Domain in the HL7 standard which became normative at the end of 2012 and is an American National Standards Institute (ANSI)-approved HL7 standard. Background and significance Using a message is somewhat different from the approach offered in the current HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA). The overall advantage is human-to-human communication and system-to-system processing of structured data through electronic messages, supporting continuity of care and interactive structured data exchange through querying. Materials and methods The Care Provision Domain Model in HL7 was developed based on use cases from several projects internationally. Use case and information analysis, model building, HL7 consensus methods (eg, working group meetings), conference calls, balloting, a draft standard for trial use, pilot implementations, and subsequent evaluation were applied. Results The membership and pilot implementers gave feedback to improve the draft standard. After the formal ballot process, HL7 membership accepted it as a normative standard and it is now ANSI approved. The Care Provision Domain Model defines the structure (data exchanged) and dynamics (workflow and communications) of the Care Record, Care Record Query, and Care Transfer. Discussion and conclusions The HL7 V3 Care Provision Domain differs from the HL7 CDA regarding support of the dynamics of care (eg, for continuity of care) as provided through a series of interactions and queries, but is similar with respect to the data and their organization.
An algal carbon budget for pelagic‐benthic coupling in Lake Michigan

A budget for algal carbon was constructed to quantify the magnitude and major pathways of pelagicbenthic coupling at a site in southeastern Lake Michigan. The flux of algal C to the benthos and the rate of carbon burial were estimated from sediment traps and dated sediment cores, respectively. Assimilation and respiration rates of Diporeia sp., an abundant benthic amphipod, and of sediment microheterotrophs were measured in a microcosm study with 14C-labeled algae (Melosira italica). Melosira (italica and islandica) accounted for 53% of the algal C flux to the sediments. Radionuclide concentrations indicated no net sediment burial of organic C. Of the total C assimilated by Diporeia, 60% was respired, 35% was incorporated into biomass, and 5% was accounted for as soluble dissolved organic compounds. The areal rate of Diporeia respiration (29 nmol C cm 2 d-l) was 23 times greater than that for sediment bacteria (1.3 nmol C cm--2 d- I). Release of radioisotope in the form of dissolved organic compounds was much lower than that incorporated and respired for both Diporeia and sediment bacteria. Of the 61 mmol C m-2 of algal C estimated to be deposited during the spring bloom, Diporeia assimilation accounted for 6 l%, significantly more than the 2% observed for microbially mediated algal decomposition. These observations support the hypothesis of a strong pelagic-benthic energy coupling between the spring diatom bloom and Diporeia in Lake Michigan.
Role of Dietary Fat in Ultraviolet LightÃ¢ÂÂInduced Carcinogenic Expression

The indictment of fat as a dietary constituent that potentiates carcinogenesis arose from a study of Watson and Mellanby in 1930 [1]. Animal diets containing high levels of butterfat (12.5-25%) were shown to enhance coal tar-induced skin tumor formation. After this seminal observation, intense investigations of the effects of dietary fat on chemically-induced carcinogenesis were conducted during the 1930s through the 1950s. There were several conclusions from these studies that are noteworthy [2]. These, however, must be tempered by the fact that many of these early studies failed to control for major dietary parameters, e.g., caloric density. And although much of the exacerbation of fat on tumor formation reported in these early studies could be explained on the basis of increased caloric intake, fat, per se, increased the rate of tumor formation, particularly when total caloric intake was restricted. Also, much of the exacerbation by fat on tumor formation occurred during the post initiation stage of carcinogenesis.
Global stability for a class of nonlinear nonautonomous delay equations

It is easy to imagine that more realistic models for single species growths should take into account both the changing of the environment and the effects of time delay. Thus, it is neces- sary and interesting to study the following general nonlinear nonautonomous delay equation, x’(t) = -(l + x(t)) i s
Background digital calibration of successive approximation adc with adaptive equalisation

An equalisation-based digital background error-correction technique for successive approximation analogue-to-digital converters (SA-ADCs) is presented. This technique enables the size of the sampling capacitors to be scaled down to the kT/C limit without matching concerns. Therefore, for SA-ADCs with resolutions of 10 bits and above, the proposed low-cost, power-efficient digital calibration technique indicates a large power saving and scalability improvement in deeply scaled CMOS technology. Computer simulation validates the effectiveness of this technique for a SA-ADC with 12-bit resolution and 10% mismatch in its digital-to-analogue converter component. The effective number of bits is improved from 4.8 to 12.
Hydrological response to climate change in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA

Abstract The hydrological response due to potential CO− 2 forced climate change in the Black Hills of South Dakota was investigated using modelling techniques that include variations to atmospheric CO2, temperature, and precipitation. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to model the 427 km2 Spring Creek basin hydrology and simulate the impact of potential climate change. As expected, modelling results of precipitation and temperature change demonstrated that increased temperature caused a decrease in water yield while increased precipitation caused an increase in water yield. Increased CO2 and precipitation caused the largest increase in yield. Modelling results of increased atmospheric CO2 indicate that average annual water yield increased by 16%. This increase is attributed to a suppression of transpiration processes due to increased levels of atmospheric CO2. Simulation results demonstrate that increased concentrations of atmospheric CO2 act to dampen water yield loss due to the effects ...
Revisiting wavelet & fuzzy-based denoising of medical images from ultrasound-mammography

Bibliographic notes on image denoising are introduced. Focusing on methods based on wavelet & fuzzy theories, examples of applications to ultrasound-mammography imaging modalities are given. Lastly, Internet-based denoising systems are mentioned too.
A cellular investment of bone marrow

We describe a method for clearly separating the cell layers at the bone-marrow interface, which reveals that the myeloid tissue is invested by an epithelial-like layer of specialized squamous cells we call the marrow sac. The scanning electron microscope showed that the sac was fenestrated and that some of its cells pass as perivascular elements with the marrow capillaries that penetrate the bony cortex. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed that the cells comprising the marrow sac are less than 0.1 micrometer thick, overlap at their margins without specialized cell junctions, and are more electron dense than the reticular or fibroblastic cells of the marrow stroma. The fenestrations in the sac were intercellular and were usually occupied by cells having an ultrastructure compatible with an osteoprogenitor cell (OPC) lineage. The observation of a close proximity between the cells of the marrow sac and the osteogenic cells that line the endosteal surfaces of bone suggest that the sac cells, along with the OPCs of the superficial marrow stroma, should be included in any morphological or functional definition of an endosteum.
Anodic Titania Nanotube Arrays Sensitized with Mn- or Co-Doped CdS Nanocrystals

Abstract The use of doped luminescent nanocrystals or quantum dots have mainly been explored for imaging applications; however, recently they have gained interest in solar energy conversion applications due to long electron lifetimes, tunable band gaps and emission by compositional control. In this study, we have examined the application of Mn or Co doped CdS nanocrystals as a sensitizing layer over titania nanotubular arrays synthesized via electrochemical anodization in photoelectrochemical applications. The doped and undoped CdS nanocrystals were simultaneously synthesized and deposited onto the titania surface by adoption of a successive ion layer adsorption-reaction (SILAR) method. Various characterization methods indicate lattice incorporation of the dopant within CdS. The addition of dopants to CdS was found to improve the photoelectrochemical performance by increasing the depletion width of the CdS nanocrystals and reducing recombination losses of charge carriers.
Laser microfabrication technology and its application to high speed interconnect of gate arrays

Nickel and doped polysilicon lines can be written at speeds exceeding 1000 microns/sec using laser direct-write deposition. We explore the roles of gas pressure, composition, and laser power in determining writing speed and line morphology. The use of a surface layer of amorphous silicon provides optical absorption, thermal and electrical insulation which help to maintain high, relatively stable, surface temperature. Laser direct-write deposition is used to interconnect CMOS gate arrays by means of computer controlled laser pantography. Complex circuits, such as an array of five 16-stage shift registers and one 16-stage counter have been successfully fabricated and tested.
Risk Adjustment Methods Can Affect Perceptions of Outcomes

When comparing outcomes of medical care, it is essential to adjust for patient risk, including severity of illness. A variety of severity measures exist, but perceptions of outcomes may differ depending on how severity is defined. We used two severity-adjustment approaches to demonstrate that comparisons of outcomes across subgroups of patients can vary dramatically depending on how severity is assessed. We studied two approaches: model 1 was the admission MedisGroups score; model 2 was computed from age and 12 chronic conditions defined by diagnosis codes. Although common summary measures of model performance (R-squared and C) both suggested that model 1 is a better predictor of in-hospital death than model 2, the weaker model consistently produced more accurate expectations by payer class and age group. Using model 1 for severity adjustment suggested that Medicare patients did substantially worse than expected and Medicaid patients substantially better. In contrast, use of model 2 found Medicare patients doing as expected, but Medicaid patients faring poorly.
Semantic role parsing: adding semantic structure to unstructured text

There is an ever-growing need to add structure in the form of semantic markup to the huge amounts of unstructured text data now available. We present the technique of shallow semantic parsing, the process of assigning a simple WHO did WHAT to WHOM, etc., structure to sentences in text, as a useful tool in achieving this goal. We formulate the semantic parsing problem as a classification problem using support vector machines. Using a hand-labeled training set and a set of features drawn from earlier work together with some feature enhancements, we demonstrate a system that performs better than all other published results on shallow semantic parsing.
The United States Supreme Court and the Civil Commitment of Sex Offenders

In Minnesota ex rel. Pearson v. Probate County of Ramsey County, Kansas v. Hendricks, Seling v. Young, and Kansas v. Crane, the U.S. Supreme Court decided cases pertaining to civil commitment of sex offenders to mental institutions. At first, the earliest case involved whether an offender, classified as a psychopathic personality, could be committed from the streets to a mental institution. More contemporary cases posed the question of whether a prisoner, diagnosed as a violent sexual predator or having an antisocial personality disorder, could be civilly committed to a mental health facility after this prisoner had served his entire sentence and was about to be released. For both questions, the Court answered in the affirmative. The Court’s rulings that incarcerated sex offenders nearing release may be civilly committed to a mental health facility have potentially ominous implications for both mental health and criminal justice policy.
Adaptive replication and access control of multimedia data in a P2P environment

This paper explores some of the ideas and solutions related to replication and access control of multimedia data in a hierarchical P2P environment. We provided overview of the techniques to generate multiresolution of multimedia data and explored error recovery and access control issues.
Rapid identification of Phytophthora ramorum using PCR-SSCP analysis of ribosomal DNA ITS-1.

P . K O N G , C . X . H O N G , P . W . T O O L E Y , K . I V O R S , M . G A R B E L O T T O A N D P . A . R I C H A R D S O N . 2004. Aims: The primary objectives of this study were to determine if a single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis can be used for rapid identification of Phytophthora ramorum, an important quarantine plant pathogen worldwide, and to further assess the potential of the SSCP technique as a taxonomic tool for the genus Phytophthora. Methods and Results: SSCP of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 was characterized for 12 isolates of P. ramorum, using a recently reported protocol. The SSCP patterns of this species then were compared with those of 18 closely related Phytophthora species. Phytophthora ramorum had a unique pattern and was easily distinguished from genetically, morphologically and ecologically close relatives. Conclusion: An immediate benefit of this study is provision of a highly effective and efficient identification tool for P. ramorum in the quarantine process. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study also provides additional evidence demonstrating that the SSCP is an ideal DNA marker for species differentiation within the genus Phytophthora.
Long-Term Relationships: the Complicated Interplay between the Host and the Developmental Stages of Toxoplasma gondii during Acute and Chronic Infections

Toxoplasma gondii represents one of the most common parasitic infections in the world. The asexual cycle can occur within any warm-blooded animal, but the sexual cycle is restricted to the feline intestinal epithelium. T. gondii is acquired through consumption of tissue cysts in undercooked meat as well as food and water contaminated with oocysts. Once ingested, it differentiates into a rapidly replicating asexual form and disseminates throughout the body during acute infection. After stimulation of the host immune response, T. gondii differentiates into a slow-growing, asexual cyst form that is the hallmark of chronic infection. One-third of the human population is chronically infected with T. gondii cysts, which can reactivate and are especially dangerous to individuals with reduced immune surveillance. Serious complications can also occur in healthy individuals if infected with certain T. gondii strains or if infection is acquired congenitally. No drugs are available to clear the cyst form during the chronic stages of infection. This therapeutic gap is due in part to an incomplete understanding of both host and pathogen responses during the progression of T. gondii infection. While many individual aspects of T. gondii infection are well understood, viewing the interconnections between host and parasite during acute and chronic infection may lead to better approaches for future treatment. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of what is known and unknown about the complex relationship between the host and parasite during the progression of T. gondii infection, with the ultimate goal of bridging these events.
Retigabine holds KV7 channels open and stabilizes the resting potential

The anticonvulsant Retigabine is a KV7 channel agonist used to treat hyperexcitability disorders in humans. Retigabine shifts the voltage dependence for activation of the heteromeric KV7.2/KV7.3 channel to more negative potentials, thus facilitating activation. Although the molecular mechanism underlying Retigabine’s action remains unknown, previous studies have identified the pore region of KV7 channels as the drug’s target. This suggested that the Retigabine-induced shift in voltage dependence likely derives from the stabilization of the pore domain in an open (conducting) conformation. Testing this idea, we show that the heteromeric KV7.2/KV7.3 channel has at least two open states, which we named O1 and O2, with O2 being more stable. The O1 state was reached after short membrane depolarizations, whereas O2 was reached after prolonged depolarization or during steady state at the typical neuronal resting potentials. We also found that activation and deactivation seem to follow distinct pathways, suggesting that the KV7.2/KV7.3 channel activity displays hysteresis. As for the action of Retigabine, we discovered that this agonist discriminates between open states, preferentially acting on the O2 state and further stabilizing it. Based on these findings, we proposed a novel mechanism for the therapeutic effect of Retigabine whereby this drug reduces excitability by enhancing the resting potential open state stability of KV7.2/KV7.3 channels. To address this hypothesis, we used a model for action potential (AP) in Xenopus laevis oocytes and found that the resting membrane potential became more negative as a function of Retigabine concentration, whereas the threshold potential for AP firing remained unaltered.
Latensification in Radiographic Emulsions

Latensification by means of post-exposures to selected wavelengths of light or near infra-red will provide as much as three-fold enhancement of response of some commercial X-ray emulsions to ionizing photons. The sensitivity can be similarly enhanced by special development procedures. A combination of these techniques permits a five- or six-fold increase in sensitivity in the low-density region, for some emulsions. Spectral sensitivity changes in the X- and γ-ray response are small; no rate dependence is observed; variations in total density, however, are found with differences in delay period between exposure and post-exposure and between post-exposure and processing. The effects may be explained by the change in the size and location of development cent res resulting in an improvement of development activity, and therefore in a larger number of developed grains. In some instances, there may be an increase in developed grain size.
Bounds on mutual visibility algorithms

We consider the fundamental Mutual Visibility problem for a set of n identical autonomous point robots (n is not known to the robots) that operate following Look-Compute-Move cycles starting from arbitrary distinct positions in the Euclidean plane under obstructed visibility { a robot ri can see robot rj;rj 6 ri; if and only if there is no other robot in the line segment joining their positions. The objective is to determine a schedule to reposition these robots without collisions such that they reach in nite time a conguration where they all see each other. In the recently proposed so-called robots with lights model, Di Luna et al. [15] gave two deterministic algorithms Contain and Shrink for this problem; however, no runtime bounds were given except the proof that they terminate in nite time. In this paper, we rst study the runtime bounds of these algorithms in the fully synchronous setting showing that Contain is tight (( n) rounds) and Shrink needs ( n 2 ) rounds in the worst-case. We then present a new deterministic algorithm, called Modied Shrink, for fully synchronous setting that solves this problem in O(n logn) rounds, improving signicantly over Shrink. We also show that Modied Shrink has the lower bound of ( n) rounds.
Development and analysis of prognostic equations for mesoscale kinetic energy and mesoscale (subgrid scale) fluxes for large-scale atmospheric models

Generated by landscape discontinuities (e.g., sea breezes) mesoscale circulation processes are not represented in large-scale atmospheric models (e.g., general circulation models), which have an inappropiate grid-scale resolution. With the assumption that atmospheric variables can be separated into large scale, mesoscale, and turbulent scale, a set of prognostic equations applicable in large-scale atmospheric models for momentum, temperature, moisture, and any other gaseous or aerosol material, which includes both mesoscale and turbulent fluxes is developed. Prognostic equations are also developed for these mesoscale fluxes, which indicate a closure problem and, therefore, require a parameterization. For this purpose, the mean mesoscale kinetic energy (MKE) per unit of mass is used, defined as E-tilde = 0.5 (the mean value of u'(sub i exp 2), where u'(sub i) represents the three Cartesian components of a mesoscale circulation (the angle bracket symbol is the grid-scale, horizontal averaging operator in the large-scale model, and a tilde indicates a corresponding large-scale mean value). A prognostic equation is developed for E-tilde, and an analysis of the different terms of this equation indicates that the mesoscale vertical heat flux, the mesoscale pressure correlation, and the interaction between turbulence and mesoscale perturbations are the major terms that affect the time tendency of E-tilde. A-state-of-the-art mesoscale atmospheric model is used to investigate the relationship between MKE, landscape discontinuities (as characterized by the spatial distribution of heat fluxes at the earth's surface), and mesoscale sensible and latent heat fluxes in the atmosphere. MKE is compared with turbulence kinetic energy to illustrate the importance of mesoscale processes as compared to turbulent processes. This analysis emphasizes the potential use of MKE to bridge between landscape discontinuities and mesoscale fluxes and, therefore, to parameterize mesoscale fluxes generated by such subgrid-scale landscape discontinuities in large-scale atmospheric models.
COLOR CAPITAL, WHITE DEBT, AND THE PARADOX OF STRONG WHITE RACIAL IDENTITIES

This article examines how meaning is made of White racial identity by comparing two White racial projects assumed antithetical—White nationalists and White antiracists. While clear differences abound, they make meaning of Whiteness and racial “others” in surprisingly similar ways. Racial identity formation is structured by understandings of Whiteness as dull, empty, lacking, and incomplete (“White debt”) coupled with a search to alleviate those feelings through the appropriation of objects, discourses, and people coded as non-White (“Color capital”). Drawing from in-depth semi-structured interviews, fourteen months of ethnographic observations, and content analysis, this article demonstrates how the prevailing meanings of Whiteness, not their antithetical political projects or material resources, enable racial identity management. By examining seemingly antithetical White formations, the article illuminates not only striking differences but how divergent White actors similarly negotiate the dominant expectations of Whiteness.
Attitudes Toward Dying and Death: A Comparison of Recreational Groups among Older Men

Previous research reports examining the relationship between attitudes toward dying, death, and involvement in death-related occupations have provided mixed findings as no clear pattern has been identified. Examination of the relationship between attitudes toward dying, death, and recreational activity has not received much attention. The current study examined attitudes toward dying and death of older men categorized into four groups defined by recreational activities. The groups included skydivers (high death risk), nursing home residents (high death exposure), volunteer firefighters (high death risk and high death exposure), and a control group. The analyses found that skydivers reported the least fear of death, while nursing home residents reported the highest level. In addition, skydivers and firefighters had higher death acceptance scores than nursing home residents and the control group for the confrontation dimension, whereas skydivers had higher death acceptance scores than all groups, and firefi...
Effects of NOM on oxidative reactivity of manganese dioxide in binary oxide mixtures with goethite or hematite.

MnO2 typically coexists with iron oxides as either discrete particles or coatings in soils and sediments. This work examines the effect of Aldrich humic acid (AHA), alginate, and pyromellitic acid (PA) as representative natural organic matter (NOM) analogues on the oxidative reactivity of MnO2, as quantified by pseudo-first-order rate constants of triclosan oxidation, in mixtures with goethite or hematite. Adsorption studies showed that there was low adsorption of the NOMs by MnO2, but high (AHA and alginate) to low (PA) adsorption by the iron oxides. Based on the ATR-FTIR spectra obtained for the adsorbed PA on goethite or goethite + MnO2, the adsorption of PA occurred mainly through formation of outer-sphere complexes. The Fe oxides by themselves inhibited MnO2 reactivity through intensive heteroaggregation between the positively charged Fe oxides and the negatively charged MnO2; the low solubility of the iron oxides limited surface complexation of soluble Fe3+ with MnO2. In ternary mixtures of MnO2, Fe...
Effect of Acidified Versus Frozen Storage on Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration and Isotopic Composition

Author(s): Walker, BD; Griffin, S; Druffel, ERM | Abstract: The standard procedure for storing/preserving seawater dissolved organic carbon (DOC) samples after field collection is by freezing (-20°C) until future analysis can be made. However, shipping and receiving large numbers of these samples without thawing presents a significant logistical problem and large monetary expense. Access to freezers can also be limited in remote field locations. We therefore test an alternative method of preserving and storing samples for the measurement of DOC concentrations ([DOC]), stable carbon (δ13C), and radiocarbon (as δ14C) isotopic values via UV photooxidation (UVox). We report a total analytical reproducibility of frozen DOC samples to be [DOC]±1.3 μM, δ14C±9.4‰, and δ13C±0.1‰, comparable to previously reported results (Druffel et al. 2013). Open Ocean DOC frozen versus acidified duplicates were on average offset by δDOC±1.1 μM, δδ14C± -1.3‰, and δδ13C± -0.1‰. Coastal Ocean frozen vs. acidified sample replicates, collected as part of a long-term (380-day) storage experiment, had larger, albeit consistent offsets of δDOC±2.2 μM, δδ14C±1.5‰, and δδ13C± -0.2‰. A simple isotopic mass balance of changes in [DOC], δ14C, and δ13C values reveals loss of semi-labile DOC (2.2±0.6 μM, δ14C=-94±105‰, δ13C=-27±10‰; n=4) and semi-recalcitrant DOC (2.4±0.7 μM, δ14C=-478±116‰, δ13C=-23.4±3.0‰; n=3) in Coastal and Open Ocean acidified samples, respectively.
Catalytic Oxygen Evolution from Manganese Complexes with an Oxidation-Resistant N,N,O-Donor Ligand

There is great interest in developing Mn water-splitting catalysts due to their low cost, abundance, and relevance to the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). Three ligands with highly donating pyridine alkoxide moieties, including 2-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-2-ol (pyalkH), 2,2'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(propan-2-ol) (py-dialkH2 ), and 2-[(2,2'-bipyridin)-6-yl]propan-2-ol (bipy-alkH), have been screened with Mn for oxygen-evolution catalysis. Complexes with the ligand bipy-alkH were shown to evolve O2 when driven by Oxone (potassium peroxymonosulfate). The catalytic mixture generated from the precursor complex [Mn(bipy-alkH)Cl2 ] retained activity in unbuffered solution beyond 160 h.
Approach to the diagnosis of shoulder pain using physical exam and ultrasound: an evidence-based approach

The differentiation and diagnosis of shoulder pain is a complex process. Developing an evidence-based approach to shoulder pain can provide the clinician focused, validated physical exam maneuvers and imaging modalities to promote timely and accurate diagnosis. In this paper, we will attempt to provide an evidence-based approach to three common causes of shoulder pain (Subacromial impingement, rotator cuff pathology, and adhesive capsulitis) and the diagnostic strength of physical exam and ultrasound for these pathologies. The current body of literature shows a mixed landscape of evidence with regard to physical exam maneuvers. Musculoskeletal ultrasound is a well-validated tool in the evaluation of extra articular shoulder pathology and when combined with plain film radiographs may be sufficient to characterize a majority of shoulder pathology. Developing an evidence-based approach to the evaluation of shoulder pain helps to focus the physical exam, imaging, and eventual management. The current literature shows no single exam maneuver as being perfectly sensitive or specific for differentiating pathology. Utilizing selected combinations of physical exam tests that individually provide either high sensitivity or specificity may yield a more targeted diagnosis. Additionally, incorporating MSK-US as a routine extension of the physical exam can expedite diagnosis and allow for the timely initiation of appropriate treatments.
Impact of ranolazine on coronary microvascular dysfunction (MICRO) study

Abstract Background Patients with angina and coronary microvascular dysfunction, without evidence of structural or epicardial coronary disease (Type I CMVD) remain without evidence based treatment options. Previous work has demonstrated that ranolazine can improve angina frequency and stability among patients with Type 1 CMVD; however, the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this pilot project was to assess the impact of ranolazine on Type I CMVD as measured using an invasive tool to measure global resistance (index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR)). Methods Patients with Type 1 CMVD diagnosed using IMR were enrolled and treated with ranolazine 1000mg BID. Coronary angiography and IMR were performed at baseline and on treatment after four weeks. The primary outcome measure was change in IMR pre- and post-treatment. Secondary outcome measures, improvement in angina and activity level, were assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) and Metabolic equivalent for Task (MET) scores. Results A total of 7 patient were enrolled and completed the study. Mean age was 57.6±7.5, 43% were female and 43% were Hispanic. Mean baseline IMR was 37.25±16.27 which decreased to 19.48±5.69 ( p =0.02; (−48% Δ) after treatment with ranolazine. Four of the five SAQ domains improved on treatment with significant improvement in physical limitation ( p =0.001), angina frequency ( p =0.04), angina stability ( p =0.05) and disease perception ( p =0.001). Non-significant improvements in activity were also seen in both the DASI and MET scores. Conclusion Among patients with Type 1 CMVD, our pilot data suggest favorable changes in IMR, anginal symptoms and activity status with ranolazine treatment. These findings support further evaluation of the effects of ranolazine on microcirculatory function and angina symptoms in a larger cohort of patients with Type 1 CMVD.
Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty With a Monoblock Splined Tapered Grit-Blasted Titanium Stem.

Abstract Background In revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), proximal femoral bone loss creates a challenge of achieving adequate stem fixation. The purpose of this study was to examine the outcomes of a monoblock, splined, tapered femoral stem in revision THA. Methods Outcomes of revision THA using a nonmodular, splined, tapered femoral stem from a single surgeon were reviewed. With a minimum of 2-year follow-up, there were 68 cases (67 patients). Paprosky classification was 3A or greater in 85% of the cases. Preoperative and postoperative Harris Hip Scores (HHS), radiographic subsidence and osseointegration, limb length discrepancy, complications, and reoperations were analyzed. Results The Harris Hip Score improved from 37.4 ± SD 19.4 preoperatively to 64.6 ± SD 21.8 at final follow-up (P Conclusion Although complications were significant, revision for femoral aseptic loosening occurred in only 3 patients. Given the ability of this monoblock splined tapered stem to adequately provide fixation during complex revision THA, it remains a viable option in the setting of substantial femoral bone defects.
Abstract 17955: Hurricane Katrina and Acute Myocardial Infarction: Ten Years After the Storm

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate the incidence and contributing factors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in New Orleans ten years after Hurricane Katrina. Methods: This is a single-center, re...
Suspected Vitamin E and Selenium Deficiency in a Veiled Chameleon, Chamaeleo calyptratus

ABSTRACT Nutritional myopathy was diagnosed in an adult male veiled chameleon, Chameleo calyptratus. The chameleon presented with a 1-yr history of progressive inability to use tongue, followed by profound weakness and circling. Histopathologic examination revealed generalized, subacute to chronic skeletal myopathy consistent with vitamin E and selenium deficiency seen in mammals.
Continuous Project Altered Daily: The Writings of Robert Morris

Robert Morris is best known for his contributions to minimalist sculpture and antiform art, as well as for a number of influential theoretical writings on art. This collection of his essays from the 1960s to the 1980s addresses wide-ranging intellectual and philosophical problems of sculpture, raising issues of materiality, size and shape, anti-illusionism and perceptual conditions. Included are the influential "Notes on Sculpture", which in four parts articulates the shifting terrains of sculpture during the 1960s, tracing its movement from the gestalt-driven unitary forms of minimalism, through permutable pieces, to the formally dispersed process-oriented antiform art that appeared later in the decade. Morris's landmark essay on "Anti Form", which marked a departure from art as object is also featured. In the later essays, Morris looks at modern art's development in America, based on a framework of strategies produced by Duchamp, Pollock, and other key figures. And in a refiguration of an interview with Roger Denson, Morris acts out a subtle mockery of himself and his art, collapsing the high seriousness of the intended format into a playful scheme.
Phase Contours of Scattering Amplitudes. II. Crossing Symmetry, Resonance Poles, and High-Energy Behavior

Phase contours are used to study consistency conditions for a symmetric scattering amplitude having a given high-energy behavior. The latter is taken to correspond to dominance by Regge poles that have continuously rising trajectories. By means of crossing symmetry we deduce the existence of a sequence of real zeros of the amplitude that lie along lines of symmetry in our model, $s=u$, in $tl0$, for example. The leading zero in this sequence is related to the scattering length. Under quite general conditions these zeros may be related, via complex surfaces of zeros, to the zeros of Regge residues below threshold. By considering complex sections of phase-contour surfaces, we show that these zeros may also be related to a sequence of zeros at complex points that are due to interference between resonance poles on unphysical sheets above threshold.