cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cortical thickness in neuropsychologically near-normal schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric illness with widespread impairments of cognitive functioning; however, a certain percentage of subjects are known to perform in the normal range on neuropsychological measures. While the cognitive profiles of these individuals have been examined, there has been relatively little attention to the neuroanatomical characteristics of this important subgroup. The aims of this study were to statistically identify schizophrenia subjects with relatively normal cognition, examine their neuroanatomical characteristics relative to their more impaired counterparts using cortical thickness mapping, and to investigate relationships between these characteristics and demographic variables to better understand the nature of cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia. Clinical, neuropsychological, and MRI data were collected from schizophrenia (n = 79) and healthy subjects (n = 65). A series of clustering algorithms on neuropsychological scores was examined, and a 2-cluster solution that separated subjects into neuropsychologically near-normal (NPNN) and neuropsychologically impaired (NPI) groups was determined most appropriate. Surface-based cortical thickness mapping was utilized to examine differences in thinning among schizophrenia subtypes compared with the healthy participants. A widespread cortical thinning pattern characteristic of schizophrenia emerged in the NPI group, while NPNN subjects demonstrated very limited thinning relative to healthy comparison subjects. Analysis of illness duration indicated minimal effects on subtype classification and cortical thickness results. Findings suggest a strong link between cognitive impairment and cortical thinning in schizophrenia, where subjects with near-normal cognitive abilities also demonstrate near-normal cortical thickness patterns. While generally supportive of distinct etiological processes for cognitive subtypes, results provide direction for further examination of additional neuroanatomical differences.
A developmental look at an auditory illusion: The precedence effect

Infants aged 2 and 6 months were tested with the precedence effect, an auditory phenomenon involving sound localization. Each infant was tested with two types of stimuli: sound from a single loudspeaker and precedence-effect sounds produced by the same sound put through two loudspeakers, with one output leading the other by 7 msec. Older infants localized precedence-effect stimuli as they did single-source stimuli, indicating that they perceived this phenomenon as expected. Two-month-olds turned their heads toward single-source sounds, but did not localize precedence-effect sounds, suggesting that that more difficult perceptual task had not been achieved at this age. In general, head-turning toward sound proved far more difficult to elicit in younger infants. A click train was ineffective, but a tape-recorded human voice elicited above-chance low-level turning. The developmental changes in auditory behavior are discussed in terms of the rapid growth of the auditory cortex.
Impairment of red cell viability by exposure to "excess" acid--citrate dextrose.

Collection of blood in "excess" ACD leads to a loss of red cell viability when the blood is transfused back into the donor, even without any appreciable storage period. The mechanism of this loss of viability is not clear. The loss is accentuated by incubation at 37 C.; it is not affected by varying the dextrose concentration of the ACD; it cannot entirely be attributed to change in pH of the final suspension medium; and it is not related to the degree of swelling of the red cells. The loss of viability can completely be corrected by the addition of small amounts of chloride to the ACD. This effect is presumably the same as the "lesion of collection" described by Gibson et al. in relation to viability studies after 28 days of storage.4
In-Flight Alloying of Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Using Suspension Spray to Produce Ultra-Low Thermal Conductivity Thermal Barriers

Previous researchers have shown that it is possible to combine rare-earth oxides with the standard thermal barrier coating material (4.5 mol% Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}-ZrO{sub 2} or YSZ) to form ultra-low thermal conductivity coatings using a standard powder manufacturing route. A similar approach to making low thermal conductivity coatings by adding rare-earth oxides is discussed presently, but a different manufacturing route was used. This route involved dissolving hydrated ytterbium and neodymium nitrates into a suspension of 80 nm diameter 4.5 mol% YSZ powder and ethanol. Suspension plasma spray was then used to create coatings in which the YSZ powders were alloyed with rare-earth elements while the plasma transported the melted powders to the substrate. Mass spectrometry measurements showed a YSZ coating composition, in mol%, of ZrO{sub 2}-4.4 Y{sub 2}O{sub 3}-1.4 Nd{sub 2}O{sub 3}-1.3 Yb{sub 2}O{sub 3}. The amount of Yb{sup 3+} and Nd{sup 3+} ions in the final coating was {approx}50% of that added to the starting suspension. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed a cubic ZrO{sub 2} phase, consistent with the incorporation of more stabilizer into the zirconia crystal structure. The total porosity in the coatings was {approx}35-36%, with a bulk density of 3.94 g/cm{sup 3}. Small-angle X-ray scattering measured an apparentmore » void specific surface area of {approx}2.68 m{sup 2}/cm{sup 3} for the alloyed coating and {approx}3.19 m{sup 2}/cm{sup 3} for the baseline coating. Thermal conductivity (k{sub th}) of the alloyed coating was {approx}0.8 W/m/K at 800 C, as compared with {approx}1.5 W/m/K at 800 C for the YSZ-only baseline coating. After 50 h at 1200 C, kth increased to {approx}1.1 W/m/K at 800 C for the alloyed samples, with an associated decrease in the apparent void specific surface area to {approx}1.55 m{sup 2}/cm{sup 3}.« less
NLX Plus Flash Equals Quick Simulation-Driven Animations

Recent additions to the Adobe Flash library of functions implement data transfers between Flash and Java or Javascript. Using these functions, we linked Flash graphics to the NumberLinX (NLX) architecture for rapid construction of interactive simulations in Web pages. Calculated variables in an NLX model drive attributes in a Flash graphic during a simulation to change coordinates, sizes, shapes, or colors. The result is a simulation driven animation suitable for learning, entertainment, or business. With the NLX Model Builder wizard and integration of NLX into Adobe Dreamweaver, building an interactive graphic animation in a Web page -- from model equation entry to visual layout -- can be accomplished without coding in Java, Javascript, or HTML.
Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin as an adhesin for Muc1 mucin

We reported previously that Muc1 mucin on the epithelial cell surface is an adhesion site for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Lillehoj EP, Hyun SW, Kim BT, Zhang XG, Lee DI, Rowland S, and Kim KC. Am J Phy...
Trends in the Study of North Korea

ORTH KOREAN LEADER KIM Jong Il can be criticized for many failings, but if one of his goals has been keeping his country in the global media spotlight, he has been wildly successful. Of course, North Korea gets this international attention for all the wrong reasons: military provocations, a clandestine nuclear program, a bankrupt economy, an atrocious record on human rights, and an eccentric if not deranged leadership. Some of the accusations leveled against North Korea in the Western media and popular press may have a basis in fact, others are more questionable. But until recently, substantive knowledge of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) was notable mainly for its absence. Before the 1990s, little was written about the DPRK beyond official North Korean propaganda and its opposite, anti-North Korean propaganda from the South. Much of this has changed, both because of new sources of information (including material from North Korea’s former communist allies), but more importantly because of the growing interest in the subject after South Korean democratization in the late 1980s and the first US-North Korean nuclear crisis of the early 1990s. The study of North Korea is no longer terra incognita in the Englishlanguage world, and over the past decade there has been a significant outpouring of books published about the DPRK. Little of this can be considered “scholarship,” if by this term we mean intellectually rigorous, evidence-based work grounded in original research and produced by professional academics or independent scholars. By this definition, the number of high-quality Englishlanguage scholarly books on North Korea published in the last ten years can easily be counted on the fingers of two hands, if not one. Still, if we are to include books by journalists, defectors, memoirists, former diplomats, travelers, and the occasional cartoonist and tour guide, the recent boom in North Korean studies has produced a diverse body of analyses and observations useful for scholars, teachers, students, and the general reader interested in getting a glimpse of the DPRK beyond the superficiality and stereotypes of the mass media. Some of this work is more reliable than others, of course, and what follows is a rough guide
Inverted papilloma: A report of 112 cases

Inverted papilloma is a benign sinonasal tumor which is locally aggressive and has a significant malignant potential. This report updates the experience of the two senior authors, who have treated 112 patients with inverted papilloma at the Mount Sinai Medical Center over a 20-year period. As clinical examination often underestimates tumor extent, preoperative radiographic assessment is of paramount importance in guiding selection of surgical therapy. Complete en bloc excision via lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy was the method of treatment in the majority of patients (84%). In selected patients with limited disease, or in patients who refused en bloc excision, conservative therapy employing intranasal or transantral ethmoidectomy was performed. The recurrence rates for the two groups were 14% and 20%, respectively. Recurrent disease developed throughout the paranasal sinuses, with the maxillary antrum and ethmoid labyrinth constituting the major sites. In two patients presenting with anterior skull base erosion, craniofacial resection was undertaken to eradicate disease. The latter cases underscore the aggressive nature of the tumor if left untreated. The overall rate of squamous carcinoma in this series was 5%. Given the predilection for local recurrence, multicentricity, and the possibility of malignancy, the authors continue to recommend lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy as the standard therapy for the majority of cases. Management principles as well as a review of the literature are discussed
Validation of Self-Report of Literacy among Periurban Women in Bolivia

Many surveys ask women to rate their literacy level, but the validity of these self-reports is not usually evaluated. In this study of infant health, conducted in Cochabamba, Bolivia, maternal literacy was assessed by the mother herself and by the interviewer, based on the mother's reading a short text aloud. The two ratings were highly correlated (P < 0.001). This finding suggests that maternal self-reports of literacy are very reliable.
Transition metal ion complexes of thiosemicarbazones derived from 2-acetylpyridine. Part 6. The chemical and antifungal properties of 2-acetylpyridine4N-diethyl- and4N-dipropylthiosemicarbazones and their copper(II) complexes

Complexes of stoichiometry [CuLX] where X=Cl, Br and L=2-acetylpyridine4N-diethyl- and4N-dipropylthiosemicarbazone, HL4DE and HL4DP, respectively, have substantially more activity againstAspergillus niger andPaecilomyces variotii than the uncomplexed thiosemicarbazones. Spectral data (i.e., i.r., u.v.vis., and e.s.r) of the complexes are presented along with thermodynamic data for the thiosemicarbazones.
Analysis of a dual, non-similar, screen FSS using simple cascading procedures

A dual-screen, four-frequency FSS (frequency selective surface) has been proposed for use in the CRAF/Cassini mission to Saturn and its satellites. A numerical experiment was conducted with the goal of determining the conditions under which a simple zeroth-order scattering (S) matrix can be used to model the dual-screen FSS accurately. Using a zeroth-order S-matrix, the unit cell periodicity dependence of the scattering parameters is eliminated, thus allowing the use of simple circuit-type techniques to analyze the dual-screen system. In order to verify the results of the numerical experiments, a breadboard model of the system was constructed. It was found that the numerical predictions using the zeroth-order S-matrix were in good agreement with the measured results. It was also found that the two FSS systems could be cascaded without disturbing the desired frequency responses of the individual screens. >
THE MOSSES OF KENT ISLAND,NEW BRUNSWICK

Thirty-nine moss species occur on Kent Island, New Brunswick. Two-thirds of the moss species found on the island have mainly boreal ranges, which reflects the cool growing season and generally boreal character of the Bay of Fundy's vegetation. One species, Rhytidiadelphus loreus, has been recorded only once previously in the province. Most moss species showed distinctive habitat distributions. Percent cover of the 12 com- monest species was highest in spruce-fir forest and lowest in mountain ash stands. Sporophyte production was relatively low in all species and varied between habitats. Sporophytes were observed in fewer than 1% of 25 x 25 cm quadrats during the months of June and July. The low species richness of mosses on Kent Island relative to mainland habitats is presumably due to the island's small size, isolation from the mainland, low elevation, relatively simple plant community, and harsh physical environment.
State Spaces and Initial Estimates in Minimum Relative-Entropy Inversion with Application to Spectrum Analysis and Image Enhancement

The principles of maximum entropy (ME) and minimum relative entropy (MRE) are information-theoretic methods for estimating unknown probability distributions based on information about their expected values [Elsasser, 1937; Jaynes, 1957; Kullback, 1959; Csiszar, 1975; Shore and Johnson, 1980]. MRE differs from ME by taking into account an initial estimate of the unknown distribution. Both ME and MRE are used in a variety of successful applications, but widespread use has been hindered by some unresolved issues. One issue is the choice of state space in which to express problems and their solutions. Another issue is the choice and interpretation of initial estimates for MRE. A third issue is the identity of the “correct” expression to use for entropy when ME is applied to spectrum analysis and image enhancement. This paper shows that these issues are interrelated, and presents results that help to resolve them.
New Framework for Risk-Based Inspection of Highway Bridges

This paper presents a new methodology for determining bridge inspection intervals and procedures. The methodology was developed using established risk-based methodologies with the goals of improving bridge safety and serviceability and optimizing the use of resources for bridge inspection. Current inspection intervals are calendar based and generally require routine inspections at a maximum interval of 24 months. This uniform, calendar-based approach results in the same inspection interval for new bridges and aging and deteriorated bridges. The uniform inspection interval does not consider the inspection needs for a given bridge based on age, condition, materials, environment, etc., and as a result, inspection resources may not be utilized most effectively. Using the methodology described in this paper, a bridge owner performs a simple risk-based assessment of bridges in his or her inventory to identify those for which shorter inspection intervals are needed and those for which longer intervals are more appropriate. This assessment identifies likely damage modes and associated consequences in terms of safety and serviceability of a bridge. A simple risk matrix is used to identify the appropriate inspection interval for bridges. The new, risk-based approach represents a new paradigm for bridge inspection that could transform traditional, uniform, and calendar-based inspection approaches and improve the allocation of resources for bridge inspection to improve the reliability and safety of bridges.
Measuring the two-Higgs doublet model scalar potential at LHC14

After the extraordinary discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC, the next goal is to pin down its underlying dynamics by measuring the Higgs self-couplings, along with its couplings to gauge and matter particles. As a prototype model of new physics in the scalar sector, we consider the Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) with CP-conservation, and evaluate the prospects for measuring the trilinear scalar couplings among the CP-even Higgs bosons $h$ and $H$ ($\lambda^{hhh}$, $\lambda^{hhH}$, $\lambda^{hHH}$) at LHC14. The continuum and resonant production of CP-even Higgs boson pairs, $hh$ and $hH$, offer complementary probes of the scalar potential away from the light-Higgs decoupling limit. We identify the viable search channels at LHC14 and estimate their expected discovery sensitivities.
Production of Three He 4 Nuclei by the Direct Interaction of Li 6 with Li 6

The production of three ${\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ nuclei directly, as well as via intermediate ${\mathrm{Be}}^{8}$ states, was observed for the reaction ${\mathrm{Li}}^{6}$ + ${\mathrm{Li}}^{6}$ at bombarding energies between 2.0 and 13.0 MeV. The large peaks attributed to direct effects in the energy spectra were fitted using a simple model which assumed an $\ensuremath{\alpha}+d$ cluster structure for the ${\mathrm{Li}}^{6}$ nuclei and an interaction potential acting only between the deuterons.
Mean-velocity profile of smooth channel flow explained by a cospectral budget model with wall-blockage

A series of recent studies has shown that a model of the turbulent vertical velocity variance spectrum (Fvv) combined with a simplified cospectral budget can reproduce many macroscopic flowproperties of turbulent wall-bounded flows, including various features of the mean-velocity profile (MVP), i.e., the “law of the wall”. While the approach reasonably models the MVP’s logarithmic layer, the buffer layer displays insufficient curvature compared to measurements. The assumptions are re-examined here using a direct numerical simulation (DNS) dataset at moderate Reynolds number that includes all the requisite spectral and co-spectral information. Starting with several hypotheses for the cause of the “missing” curvature in the buffer layer, it is shown that the curvature deficit is mainly due to mismatches between (i) the modelled and DNS-observed pressure-strain terms in the cospectral budget and (ii) the DNS-observed Fvv and the idealized form used in previous models. By replacing the current parameterization for the pressure-strain term with an expansive version that directly accounts for wall-blocking effects, the modelled and DNS reported pressure-strain profiles match each other in the buffer and logarithmic layers. Forcing the new model with DNS-reported Fvv rather than the idealized form previously used reproduces the missing buffer layer curvature to high fidelity thereby confirming the “spectral link” between Fvv and the MVP across the full profile. A broad implication of this work is that much of the macroscopic properties of the flow (such as the MVP) may be derived from the energy distribution in turbulent eddies (i.e., Fvv) representing the microstate of the flow, provided the link between them accounts for wall-blocking.
From Adaptation to Appropriation: Framing the World Through News Translation

Terminological issues are problematic in the analysis of translation processes in news production. In the 1980s, Stetting coined the term “transediting”, which has been widely used in the translation studies literature, but “translation” itself becomes contentious in communication studies, a discipline closely related to news translation research. Only a few communication scholars have specifically dealt with the linguistic and cultural transformations of source texts, but they tend to regard translation as word-for-word transfer, unusual news production. More productive for the study of news translation seems to be the application of the concept of framing, widely used in communication studies. Framing considers the linguistic and paralinguistic elements of news texts in the promotion of certain organizing ideas that the target audience can identify with. In news translation, this entails the adaptation of a text for the target readership, a process can lead to appropriation of source material. Two examples are mentioned to illustrate this point: the appropriation of the US Department of State cables by the Wikileak organisation, and the pro-Romanian slogans produced by the Gandul newspaper as a response to Britain’s anti-immigration campaigns. The final section relates news adaptation to adaptation of other text types, such as literary and historical works.
Assessing the Feasibility of Passive and BAP RFID Communications on Construction Site Scenarios

In order to efficiently manage construction operations, assessing the current status of both engineered components and the field processes making use of those components is regarded as critical. To date, active radio-frequency identification (RFID) technologies are slowly becoming adopted on construction sites by the owners and contractor organizations in order to track unique engineered components and the processes making use of those components. Although the construction industry has shown a strong interest in adopting active RFID tags due to their potential to innovate and streamline existing processes, such active RFID adoption and usage is regarded as costly and hence advances at a very slow pace. To date, there has not yet been a thorough study on passive and battery-assisted passive (BAP) tags to assess their feasibility to effectively communicate within construction sites. Construction sites are characterized by clustered scenarios under varying, unpredictable, and harsh conditions. In this paper, we report on our analysis and experimental results about the feasible utilization of passive and BAP tags to track the identification of construction components under clustered project site conditions. We modified an EPC RFID monitoring system to leverage and monitor the performance and characteristics of RFID communications in a clustered heating plant. Such communications were then compared with those monitored with the same technologies in an ideal laboratory environment with a clear free-air line-of-sight. The results indicate that, due to multipath effects in metal-crowded scenarios, tags can actually perform better in such scenarios.
Very near-nozzle shear-layer turbulence and jet noise

One of the principal challenges in the prediction and design of low-noise nozzles is accounting for the near-nozzle turbulent mixing layers at the high Reynolds numbers of engineering conditions. Even large-eddy simulation is a challenge because the locally largest scales are so small relative to the nozzle diameter. Model-scale experiments likewise typically have relatively thick near-nozzle shear layers, which potentially hampers their applicability to high-Reynolds-number design. To quantify the sensitivity of the far-field sound to nozzle turbulent-shear-layer conditions, a family of diameter nozzles is studied in which the exit turbulent boundary layer momentum thickness is varied from up to for otherwise identical flow conditions. Measurements include particle image velocimetry (PIV) to within of the exit plane and far-field acoustic spectra. The influence of the initial turbulent-shear-layer thickness is pronounced, though it is less significant than the well-known sensitivity of the far-field sound to laminar versus turbulent shear-layer exit conditions. For thicker shear layers, the nominally missing region, where the corresponding thinner shear layer would develop, leads to the noise difference. The nozzle-exit momentum thickness successfully scales the high-frequency radiated sound for nozzles of different sizes and exhaust conditions. Yet, despite this success, the detailed turbulence statistics show distinct signatures of the different nozzle boundary layers from the different nozzles. Still, the different nozzle shear-layer thicknesses and shapes have a similar downstream development, which is consistent with a linear stability analysis of the measured velocity profiles.
Investigation of the Pest Status of Lygus hesperus in Cotton in Central California

For more than 10 years an infestation level of 10 Lygus hesperus Knight per 50 net sweeps (1 nymph equal to 2 adults) has been used as the economic threshold for this pest on cotton in California. In 1968, population levels of 5, 10, and 15 L. hesperus per 50 sweeps were maintained and compared with a check until Aug. 15. In the check, a mean of 10 L. hesperus per 50 sweeps was exceeded on 6 occasions to a high of 19.8 per 50 sweeps during the periods of peak squaring and bloom. At harvest, significantly more seed cotton per acre was produced in the check and 15-level than in the 5 and 10 levels. In 1969, the levels per 50 sweeps maintained were: 5 L. hesperus until an average of 5 blooms per 13-row-feet occurred; and 5, 10, and check, to Aug. 18. In the check during the periods of maximum square load and peak bloom the average densities of L. hesperus exceeded 10 per 50 sweeps on 8 sampling dates to a high of 34.3 per 50 sweeps. Significantly less seed cotton was produced by the check in the first picking, but it gained sufficiently in the second picking to obscure the differences. A comparison of the check plots for the 2-year study showed that in 1969 L. hesperus populations were higher, while 35-40% less blooms were produced. The results demonstrated (1) the importance of assessing L. hesperus populations in relation to the fruiting capacity of the plant, and (2) sustained infestation levels during the periods of peak square load and maximum bloom substantially in excess of 10 per 50 sweeps had little or no effect on yield and fiber quality. In both studies L. hesherus densities were regulated with toxaphene-DDT.
Sheep Ectoparasite Control. I. Insecticides and Application Methods for Keds and Biting Lice

Effectiveness of insecticides and application methods was evaluated by ability to eradicate sheep ked, Melophagus ovinus (L.), and sheep biting louse, Bovicola ovis (L.), from farm flocks, criterion being absence for at least 1 year following treatment. Sheep ked eradication was achieved by high-pressure sprays of 1-1½ gallons per sheep of 0.25% DDT or malathion; 0.1% dieldrin, ronnel, or coumaphos; 0.03% diazinon, and 0.015% diazinon. Sheep ked eradication was achieved by ordinary garden sprinkler-can application of 0.5% ronnel (1.3 pints per sheep) , 0.25% ronnel (1.0 to 2.0 pints) , 0.1% ronnel (2.4 pints) , 0.06% diazinon (0.7 to 1.3 pints) , and 0.03% diazinon (0.9 to 2.0 pints). Low-volume spraying was similarly effective using 0.03% or 0.06% diazinon at as low as 0.8 pints per sheep, 0.25% ronnel (1.5 pints), or 0.1% dieldrin (2.3 to 3.5 pints). 0.5% DDT, 2.6 to 3.4 pints per sheep, did not eradicate keds. Only 0.5% DDT high-volume spray (1 gallon per sheep) and 0.5% ronnel sprinkler-can treatment (1 quart per sheep) resulted in eradication of sheep biting lice in all flocks treated. 0.03% and 0.06% diazinon low-volume spray or sprinkle eradicated lice from 4 of 8 flocks treated.
Remote Sensing: Past and Present

The use of remote sensing perhaps goes all the way back to prehistoric times when the early man stood on a platform in front of his cave and glanced at the surrounding landscape (late Robert N. Colwell, UC Berkeley). These humans were remotely sensing the features in the landscape to determine the best places to gather food and water and how to avoid becoming a food for the other inhabitants of the landscape. The term “photography” is derived from two Greek words meaning “light” (phos) and “writing” (graphein) (late John E. Estes, UC Santa Barbara). All cameras and sensors utilize the same concept of light entering a camera or a sensor and being recorded on a film or on a digital media.
Improvement of Solar and Wind forecasting in southern Italy through a multi-model approach: preliminary results

Abstract. The improvement of the Solar and Wind short-term forecasting represents a critical goal for the weather prediction community and is of great importance for a better estimation of power production from solar and wind farms. In this work we analyze the performance of two deterministic models operational at ISAC-CNR for the prediction of short-wave irradiance and wind speed, at two experimental sites in southern Italy. A post-processing technique, i.e the multi-model, is adopted to improve the performance of the two mesoscale models. The results show that the multi-model approach produces a significant error reduction with respect to the forecast of each model. The error is reduced up to 20 % of the model errors, depending on the parameter and forecasting time.
Study on the Genetic Effects of Grain Shape Traits of Brown Rice and Head Rice of indica Materials in Different Environments

By using genetic models including genotype × environment(GE) interaction effects for quality traits of endosperms in cereal crops,the genetic effects of grain shape traits,including grain length(GL),grain width(GW),grain thickness(GT),ratio of length to width of grain(GLW),brown rice length(BRL),brown rice width(BRW),brown rice thickness(BRT),ratio of length to width of brown rice(BLW),head rice length(HRL),head rice width(HRW),head rice thickness(HRT),ratio of length to width of head rice(HLW),of indica rice materials in different environments were analyzed.The results indicated that all shape traits except for GT and BRT were mainly controlled by the genetic main effects,and GT and BRT were mainly influenced by genotype × environment interaction effects.Among the genetic main effects,seed additive effects were the principal components for GL,GW,GLW,BRL,BRW, BLW,HRL,HRL,HRT and HLW.Among genotype× environment(GE) interaction effects,maternal additive × environment interaction was the principal component for GT and BRT.The general heritability was the main part for all shape traits except for GT and BRT.The interaction heritability was more important for GT and BRT.GT and BRT were more influenced by environmental interactive effects,while shape traits of head rice were less influenced than those of the grain and the brown rice.The predicted genetic effects indicated that Jinxiang 1A,Jinxiang 2A,Jin 2A,N45 and Jinhui34 were better parents for improving shape traits.The predicted genetic effects indicated that Jinxiang 1A showed the most stable genetic effects of shape traits in different environments and is,therefore,recommended for shape trait improvement.
The Ethical Compass Truth and Consequences: What Should a Mediator Ethically Disclose About Her Mediation Style? How Might a Mediator's Style Compromise a Mediator's Neutrality?

Mediation transparency includes the ethical obligation of mediators to disclose in a meaningful and comprehensible way precisely how that mediator will conduct the mediation. Mediation consumers have an ethical right to such information so that they may then make informed decisions about which mediator to select. This column raises the challenges of complying with this sometimes daunting mediator disclosure.
American University and Research Library Holdings in African Literature

American scholars doing research in African literature sometimes have trouble locating the books they need. It is easy enough to get one's hands on African literary works published in England or America, but how does one get hold of material published in Africa -- e.g., Onitsha market chapbooks, early Lovedale or Morija press publications, or works in vernacular languages published by literature bureaus and small mission presses? Fortunately, for the older titles once can search through several published library catalogs -- Library of Congress (1942-1952), UCLA (1963), Berkeley (1963), the Schomburg Collection of the New York Public Library (1962), the African collection in the Moorland Foundation at Howard University (1958), Northwestern University's African collection (1962) -- and for the newer titles one can consult the National Union Catalog or the Joint Acquisitions List of Africana issued since 1961 by the Northwestern University Library. However, because these reference works do not list the older titles which libraries have acquired in recent years, one can never be certain that a particular African literary work is unavailable in the United States.
Spine Infection Mimics

1. To introduce and describe several pathologic entities with imaging manifestations in the spine that simulate spine infection 2. To learn to identify and discriminate these mimics from spine infection 3. To understand the utility of image-guided percutaneous spine biopsy when indicated to assess for possible spine infection
Assessment trends among neuropsychologists conducting sport-related concussion evaluations

Neuropsychologists regularly conduct sport-related concussion (SRC) evaluations, although research has not tracked these assessment practices. As part of a survey of neuropsychological test usage, we analyzed data from 215 neuropsychologists who conduct SRC evaluations. Only 15% reported conducting baseline assessments of athletes as part of a sports program and 92% evaluate athletes' post-concussion without baseline data. The majority of respondents use a full battery, considered the most reliable approach for assessing concussion symptoms in athletes. Only 6% use computerized tests exclusively (>50% ImPACT). We discuss the implications of these results and address challenges faced by neuropsychologists who perform SRC evaluations.
CO Oxidation on Metal Oxide Supported Single Pt atoms: The Role of the Support

Supported metal single atoms have demonstrated excellent catalytic performance for many chemical transformations. The effects of support on the catalytic performance of supported single metal atoms, however, have not been clearly elucidated. We carried out a systematic investigation of the effects of supports on CO oxidation by single Pt (Pt1) atoms dispersed on different metal oxides: highly reducible Fe2O3, reducible ZnO, and irreducible γ-Al2O3. It was found that Pt1 atoms on three metal oxides are active for CO oxidation, and the chemical properties of supports determine the catalytic performance of Pt1 single-atom catalysts (SACs). Both the presence of −OH groups on support surfaces and the addition of H2O significantly modify CO oxidation on three SACs and reduce the effects of supports on their catalytic performances. We conclude that the interaction between single metal atoms and support as well as surface properties of supports control the catalytic behavior of SACs.
Nancy Fraser and the Left: A Searching Idea of Equality

All of Nancy Fraser’s work can be seen as a response to the crisis of the Left, which emerged in the 1960s and climaxed after 1989. In this article, Zaretsky situates Fraser’s work in relation to the Left, and to the evolution of critical theory, by combining his expertise as historian of the Left with his privileged observatory position as Nancy Fraser’s partner.
The β-NAD + salvage pathway and PKC-mediated signaling influence localized PARP-1 activity and CTCF Poly(ADP)ribosylation

// David J.P. Henderson 1 , JJ L. Miranda 2 and Beverly M. Emerson 1 1 The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA 2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology , University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Correspondence to: Beverly M. Emerson, email: // Keywords : Poly(ADP)ribosylation, CTCF, NMNAT-1, β-NAD+, PARP-1 Received : April 12, 2017 Accepted : July 06, 2017 Published : August 03, 2017 Abstract Poly(ADP)ribosylation (PARylation) of the chromatin architectural protein CTCF is critical for CTCF-dependent regulation of chromatin boundary and insulator elements. Loss of CTCF PARylation results in epigenetic silencing of certain tumor suppressor genes through destabilization of nearby chromatin boundaries. We investigated the metabolic and mechanistic processes that regulate PARP-1-mediated CTCF PARylation in human cancer cell lines and discovered a key role for the expression and activity of β-NAD+ salvage enzymes, NAMPT and NMNAT-1. These enzymes are downregulated in cells that exhibit reduced CTCF PARylation, resulting in a decreased concentration of nuclear β-NAD+. In these cells, decreased NMNAT-1 expression is enforced by a proteasome-mediated feedback loop resulting in degradation of NMNAT-1, transcriptional repression of NAMPT, and suppression of PARP-1 activity. Interestingly, dePARylated CTCF is associated in a stable protein complex with PARP-1 and NMNAT-1 in cancer cells harboring silenced tumor suppressor genes. Although the metabolic context in these cells favors suppression of PARP-1 activity, CTCF PARylation can be restored by Protein Kinase C (PKC) signaling. PKC induces dissociation of the catalytically inactive PARP-1/NMNAT-1/CTCF protein complex and phosphorylation of NMNAT-1, which stimulates its proteasome-mediated degradation. Our findings suggest that CTCF PARylation is underpinned by a cellular metabolic context engendered by regulation of the β-NAD+ salvage pathway in which NMNAT-1 acts as a rheostat to control localized β-NAD+ synthesis at CTCF/PARP-1 complexes.
Measuring achievement goal motivation, mindsets and cognitive load: validation of three instruments’ scores

Objective Measurement of motivation and cognitive load has potential value in health professions education. Our objective was to evaluate the validity of scores from Dweck's Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale (ITIS), Elliot's Achievement Goal Questionnaire-Revised (AGQ-R) and Leppink's cognitive load index (CLI). Methods This was a validity study evaluating internal structure using reliability and factor analysis, and relationships with other variables using the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Two hundred and thirty-two secondary school students participated in a medical simulation-based training activity at an academic medical center. Pre-activity ITIS (implicit theory [mindset] domains: incremental, entity) and AGQ-R (achievement goal domains: mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, performance-avoidance), post-activity CLI (cognitive load domains: intrinsic, extrinsic, germane) and task persistence (self-directed repetitions on a laparoscopic surgery task) were measured. Results Internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was > 0.70 for all domain scores except AGQ-R performance-avoidance (alpha 0.68) and CLI extrinsic load (alpha 0.64). Confirmatory factor analysis of ITIS and CLI scores demonstrated acceptable model fit. Confirmatory factor analysis of AGQ-R scores demonstrated borderline fit, and exploratory factor analysis suggested a three-domain model for achievement goals (mastery-approach, performance and avoidance). Correlations among scores from conceptually-related domains generally aligned with expectations, as follows: ITIS incremental and entity, r = −0.52; AGQ-R mastery-avoidance and performance-avoidance, r = 0.71; mastery-approach and performance-approach, r = 0.55; performance-approach and performance-avoidance, r = 0.43; mastery-approach and mastery-avoidance, r = 0.36; CLI germane and extrinsic, r = −0.35; ITIS incremental and AGQ-R mastery-approach, r = 0.34; ITIS incremental and CLI germane, r = 0.44; AGQ-R mastery-approach and CLI germane, r = 0.48 (all p < 0.001). We found no correlation between the number of task repetitions (i.e. persistence) and mastery-approach scores, r = −0.01. Conclusions ITIS and CLI scores had appropriate internal structures and relationships with other variables. AGQ-R scores fit a three-factor (not four-factor) model that collapsed avoidance into one domain, although relationships of other variables with the original four domain scores generally aligned with expectations. Mastery goals are positively correlated with germane cognitive load.
Deformation of magnesium single crystals by nonbasal slip

Magnesium single crystals, oriented to suppress (0002) basal slip and {1012} twinning, were strained in tension parallel to the basal plane, in a direction, at four temperatures (—190°, 25°, 150°, and 286°C) and at two strain rates. Microscopic and X-ray evidence shows that at —190° and 25°C slip occurred primarily on {1010} prism planes. At 150° and 286°C, X-ray asterism shows rotations indicating {1011} pyramidal slip as the major slip process. The critical resolved shear stresses have been evaluated at each temperature.
Anemia in Long-Term Care

Long-term care refers to a heterogeneous spectrum of facilities and health-related services that range from home nursing services to residential care and skilled nursing facilities, so-called nursing homes. Although the services eligible for Medicare coverage are defined by CMS, the clinical and demographic mix in facilities, even of the same level of care, is highly variable. The shifting health care environment has led to a shift towards increasing acuity in skilled facilities and rising levels of dependency in nonskilled assisted and supported living facilities and housing. In general, nursing homes provide two kinds of reimbursable Medicare service: subacute rehabilitation and skilled nursing. In both instances, admission to a nursing facility must have occurred within 30 days of hospitalization. It represents both the absence of adequate home supports and an illness-related decline in functional status. The goal is to return the patients to their previous level of function. However some proportions are never able to return to unsupported living. Increasingly, nursing homes have become the site of terminal care for patients without the resources for home hospice. Patients who are not Medicare eligible or have stayed beyond the 90 period must have another payor, usually it is Medicaid, some are self-pay. Thus, the nursing home describes a transient and variable population. National figures support dividing this population into short-stay and longstay residents. Indeed, the quality indicators reporting system that tracks nursing home performance distinguishes between long-term and short-term residents who totaled about 1.6 million people among greater 2 million admissions to nursing home. The average length of stay for current (1999) residents in nursing facilities was 892 days, or about 2 ⁄2 years. Medicaid Chapter 6
Random anion distribution in MSxSe2-x (M = Mo, W) crystals and nanosheets

The group VIb dichalcogenides (MX2, M = Mo, W; X= S, Se) have a layered molybdenite structure in which M atoms are coordinated by a trigonal prism of X atoms. Ternary solid solutions of MSxSe2−x were synthesized, microcrystals were grown by chemical vapor transport, and their morphologies and structures were characterized by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement, DIFFaX simulation of structural disorder, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Double aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy was used to determine the anion distributions in single-layer nanosheets exfoliated from the microcrystals. These experiments indicate that the size difference between S and Se atoms does not result in phase separation, consistent with earlier studies of MX2 monolayer sheets grown by chemical vapor deposition. However, stacking faults occur in microcrystals along the layering axis, particularly in sulfur-rich compositions of MSxSe2−x solid solutions.
Tracking Radioactive Sources through Sensor Fusion of Omnidirectional LIDAR and Isotropic Rad-Detectors

Tracking radioactive sources in large spaces has applications for homeland security, airport and port surveillance as well as military and security uses. Unfortunately, source localizing radiological detectors are extremely expensive, and those with low prices are isotropic - i.e. they integrate radiation from a sphere of directions centered at the sensor. In this paper, we show that omnidirectional depth sensors and isotropic radiological detectors have complementary strengths and can enable many applications. We model the source strength of radiological sources and integrate these with LIDAR measurements and a Kalman filter tracker. This enables applications such as tracking behind walls and detecting multiple radiological sources in the same scene.
How I treat myelofibrosis after failure of JAK inhibitors

The introduction of JAK inhibitors, leading to regulatory approval of ruxolitinib, represents a major therapeutic advance in myelofibrosis (MF). Most patients experience reduction in splenomegaly and improved quality of life from symptom improvement. It is a paradox, however, that, despite inhibition of signaling downstream of disease-related driver mutations, JAK inhibitor treatment is not associated with consistent molecular or pathologic responses in MF. Furthermore, there are important limitations to JAK inhibitor therapy including development of dose-limiting cytopenias and/or nonhematological toxicities such as neuropathy or opportunistic infections. Over half of the patients discontinue treatment within 3 years of starting treatment. Although data are sparse, clinical outcome after JAK inhibitor “failure” is likely poor; consequently, it is important to understand patterns of failure to select appropriate salvage treatment(s). An algorithmic approach, particularly one that incorporates cytogenetics/molecular data, is most helpful in selecting stem cell transplant candidates. Treatment of transplant-ineligible patients relies on a problem-based approach that includes use of investigational drugs, or consideration of splenectomy or radiotherapy. Data from early phase ruxolitinib combination studies, despite promising preclinical data, have not shown clear benefit over monotherapy thus far. Development of effective treatment strategies for MF patients failing JAK inhibitors remains a major unmet need.
The Rationality and Eisenstein Series

We employ the symbols Q and Qab defined in §0.1, which are the algebraic closure of Q in C and the maximal abelian extension of Q in Q