cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Searching for the Source: Bacteremia with Marked Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis.

PRESENTATION Serious illness did not impede a 65-year-old woman’s daily activities—until she developed an infection that was difficult to pinpoint. The patient presented with a 1-week history of fatigue and confusion. She had a 20-year history of autoimmune disease and related immunosuppressive therapy, beginning with a diagnosis of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis in the late 1990s. This was associated with Sjogren’s syndrome, confirmed by positive tests for anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies. Control of her disease required a series of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs that, over time, included prednisone, methotrexate, leflunomide, etanercept, rituximab, and abatacept. Five years before admission, the patient had a right axillary mass that was diagnosed as large B cell lymphoma. She was treated with a regimen known as R-CHOP, which consisted of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. Two years before admission, she reported severe left hip pain, determined to be a consequence of Salmonella septic arthritis. She underwent debridement and intravenous antibiotic therapy, and ultimately, a prosthetic hip was placed. Six months before presentation, she received simeprevir and sofosbuvir for hepatitis C infection. Despite her medical comorbidities, the patient lived alone and took care of her own finances, shopping, and driving. She enjoyed spending time with her grandchildren, and she was highly functional, independently traveling out of town by bus to visit her family 1 month earlier. One week before presentation, she began to experience fatigue so overwhelming that she was falling asleep during the day—even during conversation. This
The evolution of non-reproductive workers in insect colonies with haplodiploid genetics

Eusociality is a distinct form of biological organization. A key characteristic of advanced eusociality is the presence of non-reproductive workers. Why evolution should produce organisms that sacrifice their own reproductive potential in order to aid others is an important question in evolutionary biology. Here, we provide a detailed analysis of the selective forces that determine the emergence and stability of non-reproductive workers. We study the effects, in situations where the queen of the colony has mated once or several times, of recessive and dominant sterility alleles acting in her offspring. Contrary to widespread belief based on heuristic arguments of genetic relatedness, non-reproductive workers can easily evolve in polyandrous species. The crucial quantity is the functional relationship between a colony's reproductive rate and the fraction of non-reproductive workers present in that colony. We derive precise conditions for natural selection to favor the evolution of non-reproductive workers.
Orthobaric Densities of He 3 1.3°K to 3.2°K

Saturated liquid and vapor densities of ${\mathrm{He}}^{3}$ have been measured by a direct method in the temperature range of 1.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to 3.2\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The experimental data are represented by an empirical equation to probable errors of 0.1 percent for the liquid phase and of 1.3 percent for the vapor phase.
The Value of Information and Control

Using a simple example, this short note demonstrates how to place a monetary value on information and control. The monetary value is the change in expected monetary value doe to the change in some action taken by the decision maker.
Phase II trials of cetuximab (CX) plus cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and radiation (RT) in immunocompetent (ECOG 3205) and HIV-positive (AMC045) patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC): Safety and preliminary efficacy results.

4030 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and HPV infection are common in SCAC. We therefore initiated 2 phase II studies to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the EGFR inhibitor CX given concurrently with CDDP/5-FU/RT in HIV-positive (AMC045) and immunocompetent (E3205) patients with SCAC. Methods: All patients received CX (400 mg/m2 loading, then 250 mg/m2/wk IV x 6-8 wks) plus CDDP (75 mg/m2 IV q28 days x 2) and 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/day IV infusion days 1-4 q 28 days x 2) concurrently with RT (45-54 Gy) beginning with CX dose 2. Patients in E3205 also received 2 cycles of CDDP/5-FU alone prior to CX/CDDP/5-FU/RT; this was discontinued on recommendation of the NCI Anorectal Task Force after 28 patients. Both trials were powered to detect a reduction in 3-year local-regional failure (LRF) rate from 35% to 17.5% (alpha=0.10, beta=0.10), the primary end point. Other endpoints included progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The results below include complete toxici...
A Study of Ram Combustor Performance Using 1D and 3D Numerical Simulations

I. Abstract Detailed three-dimensional and one-dimensional simulations in support of the Direct Connect Combustor experiment (DCC) are presented. The one-dimensional approach, based on empirical isolator and combustor models, solves area averaged one-dimensional flow in the combustor with equilibrium chemistry. The three-dimensional simulations are performed using a RANS solver with a finite-rate chemistry model for ethylene. Isolator unstart and ignition were two major difficulties encountered in the threedimensional simulations. Despite these issues, reasonable agreement exists between the one-dimensional and three-dimensional computations.
Rheology optimization of particle modified consolidants

Ethyl silicate-based consolidants are used to restore strength to degraded stones. One of the limitations of strength development using these products is their reported cracking behavior during drying. Particle Modified Consolidants (PMC) consist of a silicate matrix plus colloidal oxide particles. The presence of particles physically limits the silicate network from shrinking under capillary pressures, and thereby reduces strength loss during drying. In addition, the network maintains a higher permeability, because the dried consolidants remains porous. When the particles used are pigments, it is also conceivable to adjust the consolidant color. Moreover, a careful choice of particles should allow matching the thermal dilatation of the consolidant to that of the stone. An important limitation to further development of PMC has been the ability to avoid particle agglomeration in the dispersion. When agglomerates are present, not only do they increase the viscosity but they also can block pore entrances, preventing consolidant fromentering the stone. In this work we demonstrate the feasibility of adsorbing nano-silica particlesonto pigment particles to create a steric barrier to agglomeration. Rheology and density measurements confirm that the resulting dispersion is fluid and stable against settling. The consolidant readily penetrates Ohio Massilian sandstone, providing improved strength, stiffness, and salt resistance, compared to a commercial silicate consolidant.
Vocabulary Size and Auditory Word Recognition in Preschool Children

Recognizing familiar words quickly and accurately facilitates learning new words, as well as other aspects of language acquisition. This study used the visual world paradigm with semantic and phonological competitors to study lexical processing efficiency in 2- to 5-year-old children. Experiment 1 found this paradigm was sensitive to vocabulary-size differences. Experiment 2 included a more diverse group of children who were tested in their native dialect (either African American English or mainstream American English). No effect of stimulus dialect was observed. The results showed that vocabulary size was a better predictor of eye gaze patterns than was maternal education, but that maternal education level had a moderating effect; as maternal education level increased, vocabulary size was less predictive of lexical processing efficiency.
Ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of benzoic acid in soy sauce

Proteins and other interfering substances are precipitated from soy sauce, using sodium tungstate under acidic conditions. After centrifugation, the supernate is successively extracted with ethyl ether to isolate the benzoic acid in the organic solvent. The ethyl ether extract is washed with dilute HCl. Benzoic acid is then quantitatively determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Recovery of sodium benzoate added to soy sauce ranged from 94 to 104%.
Spontaneous activity of the fetal bladder

Spontaneous fetal bladder activity was examined in fetal sheep (116 to 120 days' gestation) by injection of radioactive substances directly into the bladder or intravenously. In all fetuses, spontaneous micturition could be demonstrated, contrary to a recent study with fetal dogs. The present work suggests the fetal bladder has an active role in the contribution of fetal urine to amniotic fluid formation.
Reputation-based service migration for moving target defense

As a proactive security approach, service migration can be used as a mechanism for moving target defense. By strategically moving services to different platforms, the system changes the service locations and the underlying platform configurations so that potential attackers cannot identify and target those services. This form of moving target increases the barriers for the attackers and make the system more unpredictable for outsiders. In this paper, we present a reputation-based service migration scheme to select the destination platform for each service to migrate periodically or on-demand. In a system where the platforms have different levels of security, quality, reliability, and communication capability to support user services, it is pertinent to choose the appropriate platform for each service as the new hosting infrastructure. The ability and quality of each platform to support user services is reflected on its reputation as evaluated by a set of agents in the system. The reputation of a platform is assessed based on a set of categorical factors. For each factor, a category reputation is determined from the perspective of that factor. We use a transferable belief-based model to combine multiple agents' opinions towards a platform's category reputation. Those category reputations are then aggregated to the overall reputation of the platform. Given the reputations of different platforms in the system, a service is to migrate to a platform with a high level of reputation.
New storage facility at Southern Illinois University

Face a l'accroissement des collections de la bibliotheque Marret rattachee a l'universite du sud de l'Illinois, un bâtiment de stockage de documents a ete construit a Carbondale avec une capacite de l'ordre de 1,5 millions de volumes. Les differentes etapes de construction sont decrites ici, ainsi que l'equipement utilise et les problemes de cout et de transfert des collections
Highlights from PHENIX

Abstract This talk presents highlights from the PHENIX experiment. These include results from the beam energy scan at s N N = 7.7 to 200 GeV, yield and anisotropy of low p T direct photon emission in Au+Au, results on the e + e − pair continuum measured with the hadron blind detector (HBD), separation of charm and bottom energy loss using the PHENIX vertex tracker (VTX), and evidence for strongly coupled matter in small systems.
Exciting Changes Coming to LSHSS! You Are Invited to Participate!

Purpose In this editorial, the Editor of Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools (LSHSS) describes important changes coming to LSHSS and all ASHA journals and calls for readers to voice their opinion regarding important topics and formats they would like to see included in future LSHSS volumes.
How Community Involvement Affects Editors' Role

The majority of editors surveyed indicated some degree of community involvement, but such involvement does not seem to have substantial effect on their watchdog role.
Robust Estimation for Uncertain Models in a Data Fusion Scenario

Abstract This paper formulates and solves a parameter estimation problem that shows how to combine, in a certain optimal and robust manner, measurements that arise from a finite collection of uncertain models. This scenario occurs, for example, in data fusion applications and in cases that involve systems that can operate under different failure conditions. An example in the context of macroscopic diversity in wireless cellular systems is considered.
Towards high-yield lignin monomer production

Depolymerizing lignin into lignin monomers has been extensively studied as a pathway to valorize lignin biopolymer. However, low monomer yields and selectivities pose a significant disadvantage in process economics when technical lignins (referring to lignin separated or extracted from biomass pretreatment or fractionation) are used as feedstocks. While it is widely recognized that low monomer yields are the result of lignin condensation occurring during biomass fractionation, research efforts to minimize such condensation to improve the monomer yield is limited. In this article, we analyze the causes of the low monomer yield and present a perspective of achieving high-yield monomer production using methods compatible with the conventional biorefinery concept—biomass fractionation followed by lignin hydrogenolysis. After a mechanistic analysis of lignin condensation and a comparative analysis of the state-of-the-art of avoiding lignin condensation, a lignin stabilization stragegy is suggested for minimizing lignin condensation during biomass fractionation and seperating uncondensed lignin stream for mild-temperature continuous upgrading.
An assay for the mitogenic activity of phytohemagglutinin preparations.

The addition of increasing levels of phytohemagglutinin to amethopterin-treated cultures of human lymphocytes results in the induction of DNA synthesis which can be measured by the incorporation of exogenous radioactive thymidine. The graded nature of this response permits the assay of mitogenic activity of such preparations as well as the assessment of antimitogenic factors in sera.
Interactive GenJam: Integrating Real-time Performance with a Genetic Algorithm

This presentation will describe and demonstrate recent enhancements to GenJam, an interactive genetic algorithm jazz improviser. The most significant enhancement incorporates a pitch-to-MIDI capability, which allows GenJam to integrate human improvisations into its own improvisations. Specifically, when GenJam “trades fours” with a human, it listens to the human’s last four measures, maps what it hears to its chromosome representation, mutates the chromosomes, and plays the result as its next four. In other words, GenJam evolves what it “hears” into what it will play in real time. Other recent enhancements are also discussed.
Normal Versus Pathological Mood: Implications for Diagnosis

Is there a clear line between normal and abnormal mood? Studies of manifest and latent structure provide strong support for a continuum that extends from asymptomatic to subsyndromal to syndromal cases of increasing severity. Subsyndromal symptoms are impairing, predict syndrome onset and relapse, and account for more doctor's visits and suicide attempts than the full syndromes, yet they are not recognized in the current classification. For most research and some clinical activities, dimensional diagnoses are recommended, and examples are offered for how such diagnoses could be made. For clinical activities requiring decisions, a multithreshold model is proposed in which both lower (e.g., mild depression, capturing subsyndromal cases) and upper (e.g., major depression, capturing clinically significant cases) diagnostic categories are used to inform clinical care. Beyond its implications for diagnosis, the dimensionality of depression and anxiety has implications for etiology and for research aimed at understanding how emotions become disrupted in psychopathology.
Fast SST error growth in the southeast Pacific Ocean: comparison between high and low-resolution CCSM4 retrospective forecasts

Sea surface temperature errors that develop after 1 week are investigated as a function of resolution using retrospective forecasts from the Community Climate System Model. One version resolves the ocean and atmosphere to approximately 1° while the second version resolves the ocean to 0.1° and the atmosphere to 0.5°. The forecasts are initialized on January 1 from 1982 to 2003. The spatial pattern of the Pacific basin sea surface temperatures errors after 1 week is mostly similar at both resolutions, with the exception of the coast of South America. The coastal ocean surface cools within the higher-resolution simulations but warms within the lower-resolution simulations. The difference in the ocean surface temperature is instead attributed to differing changes in the upwelling. Coastal upwelling increases within the higher-resolution simulation, increasing the lower tropospheric stability and encouraging the cloud cover. In contrast, the upwelling decreases within the lower-resolution simulations at 27°S, allowing the ocean surface to warm in spite of cooling from the atmosphere. In both simulations, the northward winds and surface currents weaken, because the South Pacific sea level pressure high moves westward. The increased oceanic upwelling in the high-resolution simulation is instead attributed to an increase in the westward zonal currents. The high-resolution model resolves the narrow Humboldt current, while the low-resolution model does not. This study demonstrates that the processes responsible for SST errors in eastern upwelling boundary current regions change when the oceanic grid spacing becomes fine enough to allow resolution of the oceanic boundary currents.
Rapid preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) using a handheld, nanopore-based, DNA sequencer

Objective: To determine if a handheld, nanopore-based DNA sequencer can be used for rapid preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Academic medical center. Patient(s): Amplified genomic DNA from euploid and aneuploid trophectoderm biopsy samples (n=9) that was also tested using traditional next generation sequencing (NGS). Intervention(s): Short-read DNA library preparation and nanopore-based sequencing using a hand-held MinION sequencer. Main outcome measure(s): Comparison of cytogenetic testing result from NGS and nanopore-based sequencing and the time required for library preparation and sequencing. Result(s): Multiplexed short-read DNA library preparation was completed in 45 minutes. Sequencing times varied from 1 to 2 hours. These times compare favorably with NGS library preparation (>3.5 hours) and sequencing (>12 hours) times. Whole-chromosome aneuploidy screening results obtained from nanopore-based sequencing were identical to those obtained using NGS. Conclusion(s): Methods for PGS of embryos have evolved from FISH to microarrays and most recently to NGS. Here we report the first application of nanopore-based sequencing for PGS on trophecoderm biopsy samples using a rapid multiplex short-read nanopore sequencing library preparation. Aneuploidy screening could be performed on 5 samples in one nanopore flowcell with 1 to 2 hour sequencing times. Overall, nanopore sequencing is a promising tool to perform rapid PGS assay onsite with a rapid turnover time, enabling same day testing and embryo transfer thus obviating the need for complex, large and expensive DNA sequencers or frozen embryos.
Self-report Measures of Resilience in Children and Youth

Resilience is widely believed to represent a positive and highly desirable attribute in children and adolescents. Generally defined as the dynamic process of coping adaptively with traumatic life events or chronic stress, resilience researchers emphasize different aspects of the construct, leading to variance in measurement tools. No known studies address technical adequacy of self-report assessments of the construct for school-age youth. A systematic review of published literature identified 68 potential instruments; six met inclusion criteria for measuring resilience via the self-report of school-age children and adolescents in the USA. Discussion of psychometric properties and availability information for each instrument is provided.
Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) for fetal neck masses: A tertiary center experience and literature review

Abstract Objective Currently no established criteria exist to guide use of ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) for fetal neck mass management. This study aims to correlate prenatal radiographic findings with incidence of ex utero intrapartum treatment and necessity of airway intervention at delivery. Methods We reviewed our EXIT experience between 2012 and 17. Furthermore, we performed a literature review of articles reporting incidences of fetal neck masses considered for EXIT. Articles that were included (1) discussed prenatal radiographic findings such as size, features, and evidence of compression and (2) reported extractable data on delivery outcomes and airway status. Results Ten cases at our institution were reviewed. Another 137 cases across 81 studies met inclusion criteria. These studies showed aerodigestive tract compression to be significantly associated with neck masses undergoing EXIT. Additionally, there was significantly higher incidence of airway intervention in cases where polyhydramnios, anatomic compression, and solid masses were seen on prenatal diagnostic imaging, while mass location and size did not correlate with airway intervention. Conclusion With this data, we propose that any neck mass with anatomic compression on fetal imaging in the 3rd trimester should be considered for EXIT. When radiographic findings do not show compression but do display polyhydramnios or a solid neck mass (regardless of polyhydramnios), an airway surgeon should be available for perinatal airway assistance.
Evaluation of cytology and histopathology for the diagnosis of feline orbital neoplasia: 81 cases (2004-2019) and review of the literature.

Objective To provide an updated overview of feline orbital neoplasia, to compare diagnostic utility of cytology and histopathology, and to evaluate minimally invasive sampling modalities. Procedures A medical records search was performed to identify cats with orbital neoplasia. Data were collected regarding signalment, diagnosis, vision status, imaging modalities, and sample collection methods. A reference population with orbital neoplasia was also identified via literature search for comparison with regard to final diagnosis. Results Eighty-one cats met selection criteria and 140 cases were identified in the literature. In the study and reference populations, respectively, diagnoses were grouped as follows: round cell tumors 47% and 24%, epithelial tumors 38% and 40%, mesenchymal tumors 14% and 34%, and neurologic origin tumors 1% and 2%. The most common diagnoses in both groups were lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Feline restrictive orbital myofibroblastic sarcoma (FROMS) was common in the reference population but not diagnosed in the study population. Cytology results were available for 41 cats; histopathology results were available for 65 cats. Both cytology and histopathology results were available for 25 cats, in 44% of which cytologic results were overturned. No significant complications were associated with any sampling method. Lack of cats with multiple samples available for histopathology limited comparison between tissue sampling methods. Conclusions Orbital neoplasia is common in cats, with round cell and epithelial tumors diagnosed most commonly in the study population. Histopathology is superior to cytology in providing a definitive diagnosis. Minimally invasive tissue biopsy techniques appear to be safe and effective.
Founder takes more: Interspecific competition affects range expansion of North American mammals into deglaciated areas

AIM: I assess the impact of interspecific competition on species' post‐glacial range expansions into previously glaciated areas. I hypothesize that expansion of one species (the founder) after the last glacial maximum (LGM) into areas that were glaciated has hindered expansion of its competitor (the latecomer). If true, I predict that range and niche sizes of two congeners are more disproportionate within the previously glaciated areas (i.e. the areas of post‐glacial expansion) than within areas that were not glaciated. I also predict that niche partitioning is reduced within previously glaciated areas. If true, range and climatic niche overlap of two congeners is smaller in the previously glaciated areas than in non‐glaciated areas. LOCATION: North America. TAXON: Non‐volant mammals. METHODS: I calculate species range size for 87 congeneric species pairs and climatic niche hypervolume for 71 pairs, separately for areas that were and were not glaciated during the LGM. I then compare (a) range and climatic niche size ratio and (b) range and climatic niche overlap for each species pair between areas that were and were not glaciated using a paired t test. RESULTS: Congeneric species pairs exhibit more disproportionate range areas and climatic niche hypervolumes, and smaller range and climatic niche overlap within previously glaciated areas, in comparison with areas that were not glaciated during the LGM. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Interspecific competition has likely hindered post‐glacial range expansion of some species into deglaciated areas. Similarly to the founder effect documented on the intraspecific level, the founder species may hinder the expansion of the latecomer. Consequently, one species may expand over very large areas whereas its competitor may expand very little or not at all. Additionally, niche partitioning within the deglaciated areas may be reduced as the founder expands and fills biotopes that would otherwise be utilized by its competitor.
Spectral Analysis of Non-Hermitian Matrices and Directed Graphs

Abstract We generalize classical results in spectral graph theory and linear algebra more broadly, from the case where the underlying matrix is Hermitian to the case where it is non-Hermitian. New admissibility conditions are introduced to replace the Hermiticity condition. We prove new variational estimates of the Rayleigh quotient for non-Hermitian matrices. As an application, a new Delsarte-Hoffman-type bound on the size of the largest independent pair in a directed graph is developed. Our techniques consist in quantifying the impact of breaking the Hermitian symmetry of a matrix and are broadly applicable.
Uncertainty Quantification 360: A Holistic Toolkit for Quantifying and Communicating the Uncertainty of AI.

In this paper, we describe an open source Python toolkit named Uncertainty Quantification 360 (UQ360) for the uncertainty quantification of AI models. The goal of this toolkit is twofold: first, to provide a broad range of capabilities to streamline as well as foster the common practices of quantifying, evaluating, improving, and communicating uncertainty in the AI application development lifecycle; second, to encourage further exploration of UQ's connections to other pillars of trustworthy AI such as fairness and transparency through the dissemination of latest research and education materials. Beyond the Python package (\url{this https URL}), we have developed an interactive experience (\url{this http URL}) and guidance materials as educational tools to aid researchers and developers in producing and communicating high-quality uncertainties in an effective manner.
Cataloguing Culture: Legacies of Colonialism in Museum Documentation (Turner)

This work is a book review considering the title Cataloguing Culture: Legacies of Colonialism in Museum Documentation by Hannah Turner.
Analysis of Heat Input Effects in Passive Thermographic NDE

The use of digital imaging techniques for analysing and enhancing IR video frames in thermographic NDE [1–6] allows some improvement in resolution of surface temperature contrast. Of equal importance, however, to the magnitude and longevity of the generated contrast is the magnitude and length of the function governing the input heating rate and source impedance [7], In thermogaphic testing the limiting factor is usually the maximum temperature rise (or drop) over a given time span that the heated (cooled) face of the sample can be subjected to without damage occuring. In this study single step and profiled radiative heat pulses have been assessed numerically and experimentally and compared to contact heating (as with a hot liquid in a flexible bag). The detrimental effects of convective and radiative surface heat losses have been examined and their significance to the testing of low and high diffusivity materials assessed. All results presented here are for the two-sided testing configuration although, in principle, the results are applicable to single sided testing also.
Enhanced Coordination in Sensor Networks through Flexible Service Provisioning

Many applications operate in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which represent a challenging programming environment due to the wide range of device capabilities. Servilla addresses this difficulty in developing applications by offering a new middleware framework based on service provisioning. Using Servilla, developers can construct platform-independent applications over a dynamic and diverse set of devices. A salient feature of Servilla is its support for the discovery and binding to local and remote services, which enables flexible and energy-efficient in-network collaboration among heterogeneous devices. Furthermore, Servilla provides a modular middleware architecture that can be easily tailored to devices with a wide range of resources, allowing resource-constrained devices to provide services while leveraging the capabilities of more powerful devices. Servilla has been implemented on TinyOS for two representative hardware platforms (Imote2 and TelosB) with drastically different resources. Microbenchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of Servilla's implementation, while an application case study on structural health monitoring demonstrates the efficacy of its coordination model for integrating heterogeneous devices.
Introduction to Lists and Tables

This chapter presents elementary operations on lists and tables. The examples used to illustrate the various commands are taken from calculus, business, and engineering applications. Lists are defined in a variety of ways. Lists may be completely typed in or they may be created by the Table command. Mathematica displays a list, like other output, on successive lines that may sometimes be difficult to read or interpret. The commands TableForm and MatrixForm are used to display lists in traditional row/column form. The elements of lists can be numbers, ordered pairs, functions, and even other lists. For example, Mathematica has built-in definitions of many commonly used special functions. Consequently, lists of special functions can be quickly created. The use of lists and tables are quite useful in economic applications, which deal with interest rates, annuities, and amortization. Mathematica is, therefore, of great use in these types of problems through its ability to show the results of problems in tabular form. Also, if a change is made in the problem, Mathematica can easily recompute the results. A common problem in economics is the determination of the amount of interest earned from an investment.
The Obama-Tribe 'Curvature of Constitutional Space' Paper is Crackpot Physics

The Harvard Law School professor Laurence Tribe published a paper entitled "The Curvature of Constitutional Space," wherein he argued that the strict constructionist interpretations of the U.S. Constitution were obsolete, being based on a Newtonian world-view, and need to be replaced by a more modern relativistic and quantum mechanical world-view. I shall show on the contrary that in using general relativity and quantum mechanics, we have never left the Newtonian world-view. It was shown in 1923 by the greatest geometer of the twentieth century, Elie Cartan, that in Newtonian theory, gravity is curvature just as it is in general relativity. The greatest twentieth century theoretical physicist in Poland, Andrzej Trautman, showed in 1966 that the equations of general relativity are mathematically equivalent to Newtonian gravitational field equations interacting with the luminiferous ether. Physics Nobel Prize winner Lev Landau showed in the 1930's that the Schrodinger equation, the basic equation of quantum mechanics, is a special case of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, proven in 1837 to be the most powerful formulation of Newtonian mechanics. Erwin Schrodinger himself proved that his equation had nothing to do with probabilities or fundamental uncertainties. Since it was demonstrated mathematically decades ago that twentieth century physics is Newtonian mechanics, then by Laurence Tribe's own argument, it follows that all objections to strict constructionism are without merit. Tribe's physics is not post-Newtonian but pre-Newtonian, the physics of Aristotle, in which the arbitrary will of the powerful is the dominant influence in reality. Tribe's politics is, like his physics, profoundly reactionary, replacing unalterable law with the ever changing personal preferences of judges. As I shall demonstrate, the recent Boumedienne vs. Bush decision is a particularly egregious example of such replacement. Furthermore, Tribe's main books on Constitutional law are adversely influenced by his bad physics.
SU-E-T-652: Quantification of Dosimetric Uncertainty of I-125 COMS Eye Plaque

Purpose: To compare dosimetrically three plan calculation systems (Plato, Varian Brachytherapy, and in-house-made Excel) available for I-125 COMS eye plaque treatment with measurement. Methods: All systems assume homogeneous media and calculations are based on a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates, Plato and Brachytherapy Planning are based on AAPM TG-43 and the in-house Excel program only on inverse square corrections. Doses at specific depths were measured with EBT3 Gafchromic film from a fully loaded and a partially loaded 16 mm plaque (13 and 8 seeds respectively, I-125, model 6711 GE, Oncura). Measurements took place in a water tank, utilizing solid water blocks and a 3D-printed plaque holder. Taking advantage that gafchromic film has low energy dependence, a dose step wedge was delivered with 6 MV photon beam from a Varian 2100 EX linac for calibration. The gray-scale to dose in cGy was obtained with an Epson Expression 10000 XL scanner in the green channel. Treatment plans were generated for doses of 2200 cGy to a depth of 7 mm, and measurements were taken on a sagittal plane. Results: The calculated dose at the prescription point was 2242, 2344, and 2211 cGy with Excel, Brachyvision and Plato respectively for a fully loaded plaque, for the partially loaded plaque the doses were 2266, 2477, and 2193 cGy respectively. At 5 mm depth the doses for Brachyvision and Plato were comparable (3399 and 3267 cGy respectively), however, the measured dose in film was 3180 cGy which was lower by as much as 6.4% in the fully loaded plaque and 7.6% in the partially loaded plaque. Conclusion: Careful methodology and calibration are essential when measuring doses at specific depth due to the sensitivity and rapid dose fall off of I-125.
Adolescents preference of source to obtain contraceptive information.

The Adolescent Study performed as part of the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS) included an interview in which the adolescents were asked to respond to questions on social and family planning. The adolescents responses to 1 particular question of this interview regarding the place or person to whom the adolescent would go for information on pregnancy prevention appears to be of particular pertinence in relation to the current issues regarding "Parental Notification Regulations." Recently the federal government adopted the regulation that agencies receiving funds under Title 10 of the Public Health Service Act must notify a parent or guardian of an unemancipated minor (17 years of age or younger) within 10 days after a prescription contraceptive drug or device has been issued. The regulation has been opposed by major medical associations and has been challenged in court in a lawsuit brought by the Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc. resulting in a permanent injunction barring the government from enforcing or implementing the regulation. The government has appealed this decision. The main focus of the Adolescent Study was on blood pressure measurements of adolescents and their mothers. The study also included anthropometric and spirographic measurements health interviews and behavioral and attitudinal questionnaires of adolescents and their mothers. 31.4% of the 15 year old girls chose their mother as the person they would be most likely to go to for more information on pregnancy or pregnancy prevention. This proportion was 23.0% for 16 year old girls and 20.5% among the 17 year olds. The choice of father and mother was reduced from 5.6% for 15 year old girls to 1.8% for the 17 year olds. Father exclusively was never mentioned by the girls. For the boys both parents were preferred by about 10% of the boys and father alone or mother alone about equally by 7-8% of the boys. The single 1st choice most often mentioned was birth control clinics increasing for girls from 20% at 15 years to 34% at 17 years. For boys the percentage was more constant by age at about 26%. A doctor was mentioned as the primary source of information by about 10% of the aodlescent boys and girls. Besides these choices either another relative or an adult friend or as a friend of the same age was mentioned by about 30% of the adolescents. The data suggest that even if family relationships are favorable the majority of adolescents intend to seek advice on conception and contraception primarily outside the family.
HEPATITIS B VIRUS CORE ANTIGEN HAS TWO NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SEQUENCES IN THE ARGININE-RICH CARBOXYL TERMINUS

Expression of the hepatitis B virus core antigen (HBcAg) in mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts has been shown previously (A. McLachlan et al., J. Virol. 61:683-692, 1987) to result in the nuclear localization of this polypeptide. Since the carboxyl terminus of HBcAg contains four clusters of arginine residues which resemble nuclear localization sequences identified in other nuclear proteins, a series of carboxyl-terminus-truncated HBcAg polypeptides were expressed in mouse fibroblasts to examine the role of these sequences in the cellular localization of HBcAg. By immunofluorescence and cell fractionation analysis, it was demonstrated that regions of the HBcAg polypeptide including the most carboxyl-terminal (cluster 1) and amino-terminal (cluster 4) clusters of arginine residues represent distinct and independent nuclear localization sequences for this polypeptide. Substitution of a threonine residue for the second arginine residue in cluster 4 inactivates the nuclear localization signal in this region of the HBcAg polypeptide, demonstrating the importance of this residue to this signal sequence. However, HBcAg fails to accumulate in the nucleus only when both nuclear localization signal sequences are simultaneously deleted or disrupted by mutation. The possible significance of the nuclear localization sequences identified in the HBcAg polypeptide is discussed in the context of the role of the nucleocapsid in the hepatitis B virus life cycle.
Effusive-constrictive pericarditis.

![Figure][1] A 15-year-old boy developed cough, low-grade fever, and extreme lethargy over 4 weeks that was unresponsive to a short course of macrolide antibiotic. Laboratory workup was notable for a negative Epstein-Barr virus early antigens antibody, monoslide test, and normal complete
Ejected-electron spectrum in low-energy proton-hydrogen collisions

The behavior of the ejected electron spectra resulting from low-energy ion-atom collisions relevant to momentum imaging experiments is explored and the origin of the oscillatory structures these spectra display as a function of collision energy is discussed. This is aided by consideration of the time-dependent, electronic Sch\"odinger equation that is solved at a fixed impact parameter for 1--25 keV proton impact of atomic hydrogen utilizing the lattice, Fourier collocation technique and split-operator time propagation. At a large internuclear separation after the collision the bound states of the target and projectile are projected out for $nl4$ and the resulting continuum wave function is examined. Techniques, such as multigridding, are investigated to extend the propagation of the wave function to significantly larger final distances.
Longevity of acid discharges from underground mines located above the regional water table.

The duration of acid mine drainage flowing out of underground mines is important in the design of watershed restoration and abandoned mine land reclamation projects. Past studies have reported that acid water flows from underground mines for hundreds of years with little change, while others state that poor drainage quality may last only 20 to 40 years. More than 150 above-drainage (those not flooded after abandonment) underground mine discharges from Pittsburgh and Upper Freeport coal seams were located and sampled during 1968 in northern West Virginia, and we revisited 44 of those sites in 1999-2000 and measured water flow, pH, acidity, Fe, sulfate, and conductivity. We found no significant difference in flows between 1968 and 1999-2000. Therefore, we felt the water quality data could be compared and the data represented real changes in pollutant concentrations. There were significant water quality differences between year and coal seam, but no effect of disturbance. While pH was not significantly improved, average total acidity declined 79% between 1968 and 1999-2000 in Pittsburgh mines (from 66.8 to 14 mmol H + L -1 ) and 56% in Upper Freeport mines (from 23.8 to 10.4 mmol H + L -1 ). Iron decreased an average of about 80% across all sites (from an average of 400 to 72 mg L -1 ), while sulfate decreased between 50 and 75%. Pittsburgh seam discharge water was much worse in 1968 than Upper Freeport seam water. Twenty of our 44 sites had water quality information in 1980, which served as a midpoint to assess the slope of the decline in acidity and metal concentrations. Five of 20 sites (25%) showed an apparent exponential rate of decline in acidity and iron, while 10 of 20 sites (50%) showed a more linear decline. Drainage from five Upper Freeport sites increased in acidity and iron. While it is clear that surface mines and below-drainage underground mines improve in discharge quality relatively rapidly (20-40 years), above-drainage underground mines are not as easily predicted. In total, the drainage from 34 out of 44 (77%) above-drainage underground mines showed significant improvement in acidity over time, some exponentially and some linearly. Ten discharges showed no improvement and three of these got much worse.
Set and temporal integration

An experiment was conducted to explore the temporal structure of set formation in a complex reaction time (RT) task. On each trial an instruction [I-event] was given telling Ss whether identity of color or form on a separately presented alternative display (A-event) was the dimension relevant on that trial. The A-event consisted of a pattern of four colored forms. The two forms on one side were matched for color and on the other side for form. S’s task was to depress one of two keys. The correct key was homolateral to the matched relevant dimension. The basic independent variable was the time interval separating the I- and A-events (ISI). At short ISIs, RT wasa linear function oflSI with slope equal to -0.5. RT was independent of the order in which the events occurred at short ISIs, although at longer ISIs (3 sec) RT was longer when the A-event followed the I-event. Also, RT was shorter at short ISIs when color was the relevant dimension rather than form. although this difference disappearedat longer ISIs. The results were discussed in relation to information processing models and previous research dealing with partialadvance information.
Stability of the 6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine analgesics: Acid-catalyzed rearrangement of buprenorphine

Buprenorphine (I), a member of the 6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine series of analgesics, undergoes an acid-catalyzed rearrangement reaction when exposed to acid and heat. The product was shown by 1H-NMR and GC-MS to have undergone overall elimination of a molecule of methanol with concurrent formation of a tetrahydrofuran ring at C(6)-C(7) of I. Short-term stability studies across a wide range of pH and temperature conditions indicate that I is stable in aqueous solution at pH > 3 for 24 h at 36-38°C. Under the more extreme conditions of the autoclave, significant loss of I occurred. Long-term stability studies (10 weeks) of I in aqueous solution (pH 1 and pH 5) at 0-4°C and 26-28°C indicate only minor conversion (4%) to the rearrangement product. Eight other 6,14-endo-ethanotetrahydrooripavine derivatives were subjected to extremes of acid (pH 0) and temperature (autoclave) to determine if similar rearrangement reactions occur. GC-MS indicated that hydrolysis products were produced whose spectra were consistent with the proposed rearrangement structures.
The importance of the stomach in gastrin-induced hypocalcemia in the rat.

Hypocalcemia following gastrin administrationoccurs in thyroparathyroidectomized(TPTX) as well as thyroid intact rats. Hypophosphatemiadoes not accompany the hypocalcemiainduced by gastrin. These data suggest that amechanism other than release of calcitonin from thethyroid gland may be involved in this response inthe rat. Neither adrenalectomy, nephrectomy, nor excisionof the pancreas and small and large intestinealtered the hypocalcemic response to gastrin. Gastrectomy,however, eliminated all hypocalcemiafollowing administration of this polypeptide in boththyroid intact and TPTX rats. Removal of theantrum of the stomach did not influence thehypocalcemic response to gastrin. Resection of theproximal 75% of the stomach, however, inhibitedthe hypocalcemic response to gastrin as did totalgastrectomy. Thus, in the rat, the proximal stomachappears to play an important role in mediating thisresponse (Endocrinology 96: 1217, 1975)
Coagulation and growth of a multicomponent aerosol

Analytical solutions to the coagulation equation in the absence and presence of particle growth for a multicomponent aerosol are presented. From the general solutions corresponding to a class of initial composition distributions, four cases are considered in an attempt to elucidate the effects of coagulation and growth on the evolving composition distribution.