cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Superconducting Filaments Formed During Nonvolatile Resistance Switching in Electrodeposited δ-Bi2O3

We show that electrodeposited films of δ-Bi2O3 in a Pt/δ-Bi2O3/Au cell exhibit unipolar resistance switching. After being formed at a large electric field of 40 MV/m, the cell can be reversibly swi...
High-Pressure Measurements of Hydrogen Phase IV Using Synchrotron Infrared Spectroscopy

Phase IV of dense solid hydrogen has been identified by its infrared spectrum using high-pressure synchrotron radiation techniques. The spectrum exhibits a sharp vibron band at higher frequency and lower intensity than that for phase III, indicating the stability of molecular H(2) with decreased intermolecular interactions and charge transfer between molecules. A low-frequency vibron having a strong negative pressure shift indicative of strongly interacting molecules is also observed. The character of the spectrum is consistent with an anisotropic, mixed layer structure related to those recently predicted theoretically. Phase IV was found to be stable from 220 GPa (300 K) to at least 340 GPa (near 200 K), with the I-III-IV triple point located. Infrared transmission observed to the lowest photon energies measured places constraints on the electronic properties of the phase.
Within-Person Depleting and Replenishing Effects of Justice Behaviors

The justice literature has paid considerable attention to the beneficial effects of fair behaviors for recipients of such behaviors. It is possible, however, that exhibiting fair behaviors may come at a cost for actors. In this paper we integrate ego depletion theory with organizational justice research in order to examine the consequences of fairness behaviors for actors. We utilized an experience sampling method in a large sample of professional and managerial employees to examine the relations of performing procedural and interactional justice behaviors with subsequent changes in actors’ regulatory resources. Our results indicate that procedural justice behaviors are draining whereas interactional justice behaviors are replenishing for actors. Extraversion, neuroticism, and interdependent identity were found to moderate some of these relations. We conclude by discussing implications and avenues for future research.
Dermatological manifestations of infective endocarditis

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a relatively rare infectious disease with considerable morbidity and mortality of around 20%.1 Classic dermatological manifestations suggestive of septicaemia have been described in IE. These findings can often lead to the diagnosis but can be difficult to distinguish from other non-specific lesions. A 49-year-old woman presented with fever and skin lesions for 10 days and weakness of her left arm …
Improving the method of detecting cholesterol in food by UPLC

Objective The aim was to improve the method of determination of cholesterol in food by HPLC national standard GB / T 22220—2008 and establish a method to determination cholesterol by ultra high performance liquid chromatography in food. Methods The mixture of samples were saponified with alkaline- alcohol solution in the constant temperature oscillator of60℃ for an hour and extracted. Adjusted the p H value to neutral with acetic acid; the analyte was quantitatively analyzed by UPLC. Using DIKMA Endeavorsil C18 chromatographic column( 50 mm × 2. 1 mm,1. 8 μm),methanol as mobile phase,PDA detector at wavelength 205 nm. Results The linear relation was good at the range of 10. 0 μg / ml- 300 μg / ml with correlation coefficients( r) 0. 999 9. The detection limit was 35. 4 μg / g. The recovery rate of cholesterol in pork samples and in yolk at three additive level were 107. 8%,101. 8%,103. 0% and 101. 7%,101. 8%,102. 4%,respectively. The relative standard deviation( RSD) in pork and egg were 3. 25%,3. 47%,respectively. Conclusion Using this method and the national standard GB / T 22220—2008 at the same time to detect the cholesterol in meat and egg,this method was accurate,fast,reproducible and suitable for the determination of cholesterol in food.
C1q Assay for the Detection of Complement Fixing Antibody to HLA Antigens

Solid phase Luminex(®) and flow cytometric single antigen bead assays offer exquisite sensitivity and specificity for HLA antibody detection. Unlike the historical complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) method, these assays do not distinguish complement fixing from non-complement fixing antibody, the former of which are considered the most clinically relevant in the peri-transplant period. This chapter describes a novel solid phase C1q binding assay to distinguish HLA antibodies that can bind the first component of complement (C1q). These antibodies have the capacity to initiate the complement cascade irrespective of whether that actually occurs. The C1q assay detects many more complement fixing antibodies than are observed by the less sensitive and less specific CDC assay.
A Survey of Strategies to Modulate the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling Pathway: Current and Future Perspectives

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute the largest subdivision of the TGF-β family of ligands and are unequivocally involved in regulating stem cell behavior. Appropriate regulation of canonical BMP signaling is critical for the development and homeostasis of numerous human organ systems, as aberrations in the BMP pathway or its regulation are increasingly associated with diverse human pathologies. In this review, we provide a wide-perspective on strategies that increase or decrease BMP signaling. We briefly outline the current FDA-approved approaches, highlight emerging next-generation technologies, and postulate prospective avenues for future investigation. We also detail how activating other pathways may indirectly modulate BMP signaling, with a particular emphasis on the relationship between the BMP and Activin/TGF-β pathways.
No Pets Allowed: Discrimination, Homelessness, and Pet Ownership

This brief is the first to address the particular challenges faced by pet owners experiencing homelessness, particularly as they relate to treatment by society at large, law enforcement practices, and access to housing and services. Researchers estimate that up to 25 percent of people experiencing homelessness own pets, yet these pet owners face constant attention, harassment, and scrutiny by both passersby and law enforcement officers. The brief observes how laws and policies regulating these behaviors not only stem from bias and discrimination against visible poverty, but also encourage poor policy outcomes and inhumane practices.
Pharmacologic provocation combined with endoscopy in refractory cases of GI bleeding.

Background and Aims The source of GI bleeding may elude us despite exhaustive testing in some cases. Bleeding in these cases is often related to a vascular lesion that is discernible only when actively bleeding. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopy combined with the administration of antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant agents to stimulate bleeding in order to define a source. Methods A retrospective review of a database of device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) procedures was completed to identify cases in which provocation with antiplatelet or anticoagulant agents was used as part of a GI bleeding evaluation. Procedures were divided into 3 groups based on the method of provocation: patients with a history of bleeding associated with an antiplatelet/anticoagulant ( provocation-experienced ); patients naive to these medications ( provocation-naive ); and cases of recurrent, overt GI bleeding in which a combination of clopidogrel and intravenous heparin was administered for provocation ( Lousiana State University [LSU] protocol ). Results A review of 824 DAE procedures was completed to identify a total of 38 instances in which provocation was attempted in 27 patients. These cases were subdivided into 13 provocation-experienced procedures, 18 provocation-naive procedures, and 7 LSU protocol procedures. The diagnostic yield of provocative testing per procedure was 53% in the provocation-experienced group, 27% in the provocation-naive group, and 71% in the full protocol group. Provocative testing was revealing in 15 of 27 patients; angioectasias and Dieulafoy lesions were the most common pathologies. Provocative testing was not beneficial in 4 patients who were eventually diagnosed with bleeding caused by intestinal angioectasias (3) and an aorto-enteric fistula (1). There were no adverse events. Conclusions Provocative testing combined with endoscopy can be justified as an option in the diagnostic algorithm of complex cases of GI bleeding when intermittent bleeding related to a vascular lesion, such as an angioectasia or Dieulafoy, is suspected. However, this novel technique should be considered only after standard management has failed to define a bleeding source, and bleeding continues to recur. This is the first reported case series of provocative testing combined with endoscopy.
A Photoswitchable Fluorophore for the Real-Time Monitoring of Dynamic Events in Living Organisms

This study reports the synthesis of a photoactivatable fluorophore with optimal photochemical and photophysical properties for the real-time tracking of motion in vivo. The photoactivation mechanism designed into this particular compound permits the conversion of an emissive reactant into an emissive product with resolved fluorescence, under mild illumination conditions that are impossible to replicate with conventional switching schemes based on bleaching. Indeed, the supramolecular delivery of these photoswitchable probes into the cellular blastoderm of Drosophila melanogaster embryos allows the real-time visualization of translocating molecules with no detrimental effects on the developing organisms. Thus, this innovative mechanism for fluorescence photoactivation can evolve into a general chemical tool to monitor dynamic processes in living biological specimens.
General GI Motility Disorders

This chapter encompasses general GI motility disorders which are common entities, and for which there are many possible etiologies. Many are considered to be functional. Because of the lack of knowledge relating to the underlying mechanisms, much of the treatment is directed towards symptomatic relief. This chapter will review pharmacological therapies recommended for their treatment, and assumes that specific treatable causes have been excluded.
Utilizing supercapacitors for resiliency enhancements and adaptive microgrid protection against communication failures

Abstract Islanded microgrids do not have sufficient resources to contribute enough fault current to legacy protection devices to continue operation. Therefore, when a fault happens in an islanded microgrid, relays with high fault current setting will fail to detect and clear the fault. Contemporary adaptive protection schemes rely on communication technologies to adjust the relay settings to adapt to the microgrids’ modes of operation; grid-connected or islanded. However, the risk of communication link failures and cyber security threats such as denial-of-service represent major challenges in implementing a reliable adaptive protection scheme. In order to address this issue, this paper proposes an adaptive protection scheme which utilize super capacitive energy storage to enhance resiliency against communication outages. This paper also introduces an autonomous control algorithm developed for the super-capacitor’s AC/DC converter. The proposed control is capable of deciding upon charging, discharging of the super-capacitor, and whether or not to feed fault currents in the AC side, based on direct voltage and frequency measurements from its connection point with the microgrid. This eliminates the need for a control command to be sent from the point of common coupling of the microgrid with main grid to adjust the controller’s mode of operation and thus reducing the risk of controller failure due to cyber-attacks or other communication issues. Additionally, the paper proposes a solution to avoid installing a larger super-capacitor by temporarily disconnecting the uncritical pulsed load during the fault instant. The proposed protection scheme was investigated through simulation for various fault types and showed successful results using the proposed scheme in eliminating the aforementioned faults when the communication were available or attacked.
MRI findings in Collet-Sicard syndrome

A 44-year-old woman presented with 4 weeks of increasing neck pain and newly arising dysphagia and hoarseness. Examination was remarkable for left tongue atrophy and fibrillations, tongue deviation to the left, left vocal cord paralysis, and trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscle wasting (figure) (Collet-Sicard syndrome, CN IX-CNXII paralysis1,2). Workup revealed a partially calcified left cervical glomus jugulare tumor extending from the jugular foramen into the parapharyngeal space (figure, A). The tumor encased the left internal carotid artery, CNXI, and CNXII. The inoperable lesion was treated with external beam radiation therapy (45 Gy, 25 fractions). Her neurologic syndrome remains stable with improved pain.
High-dose versus standard-dose rituximab with BEAM in autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) for relapsed aggressive b-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL).

7524Background: High-dose rituximab (HD-R) combined with carmustine, cytarabine, etoposide, and melphalan (BEAM) and SCT was effective and tolerable in a single-arm study for relapsed/refractory (R/R) aggressive B-cell NHL. This is the first prospective, randomized phase 2 study comparing efficacy and safety of HD-R vs. standard-dose rituximab (SD-R) combined with BEAM in R/R-NHL. Methods: Patients with R/R-NHL (44 DLBCL, 49 others) were randomized to HD-R or SD-R using Bayesian adaptive algorithm. HD-R (1000 mg/m2) or SD-R (375 m2) were administered on days +1 and +8 after stem cell infusion. Primary endpoint: disease-free survival (DFS), defined as time from SCT to disease progression or death. Overall survival (OS) and safety analysis were secondary endpoints. Based on an intention-to-treat analysis, Kaplan-Meier estimator (DFS & OS) and Cox proportional hazards regression (multivariate analysis) were used. Results: A total of 93 patients (29% females) with a median age of 63 years (6-75) were randomiz...
At the crossroads of art and science: Neuroaesthetics begins to come into its own

Creativity is a highly variable and individual trait, but can it be measured? And if it can, what does that tell us? Both scientists and artists have worked on the question for years, but there has been no consensus on the answers, or even on what questions to ask. However, technological advances and a burgeoning interest from funding agencies suggest the field may be beginning to coalesce. An international conference held in Cancun, Mexico, addressed the intersection of the arts and neuroscience, how to promote creativity and innovation, and the need to find common ground.
Nitric Oxide: Synthesis and Action

Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic radical implicated in a variety of pathways including vascular homeostasis, neurotransmission and immune defence. NO is produced endogenously by three nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and can also be formed from nitrates and nitrites. Several mechanisms regulate NOS function, including protein–protein interactions, posttranslational modifications, cell localization, calcium levels, substrate availability, and the cell redox status. Picomolar NO concentrations activate guanylyl cyclase to increase cGMP levels and lead to vasodilation and memory formation. Excess NO concentrations cause posttranslational modifications of cellular components and formation of peroxynitrite leading to inflammation and cell death. Due to its involvement in multiple pathways and high reactivity with a myriad of downstream targets, tight regulation of NO production is crucial to maintain cellular function. Major advancements in understanding NO chemistry, production and downstream signalling have provided new avenues to target this pathway for the treatment of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases. Key Concepts Nitric oxide is produced endogenously by three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isozymes. Low NO levels mediate cell signalling, while high NO levels mediate the immune response and defence against pathogens. A tight regulation of NO production is necessary to maintain cellular function. The guanylyl cyclase enzyme (GC1) is the primary receptor of NO in smooth muscle cells and mediates vasorelaxation. Better understanding of NO/GC1 signalling will lead to novel drugs targeting this pathway for improved cardiovascular health. Nitrite, a product of nitrate reduction via oral bacteria, is a biologically relevant source of NO under hypoxic and acidic conditions. Dysfunction in NO synthesis due to oxidative damage leads to NOS uncoupling and increased output of ROS, a well-known trait of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Keywords: nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; guanylyl cyclase; nitrate; nitrite; cardiovascular diseases
Agreement of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound and Clinical Assessment of Shoulder Impairment in Manual Wheelchair Users With Various Duration of Spinal Cord Injury.

Abstract Objectives To determine (1) agreement of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK-US) findings of shoulder pathology and related shoulder special test results in individuals with varied durations of manual wheelchair (MWC) use after spinal cord injury (SCI); and (2) whether shoulder musculoskeletal impairments, per MSK-US and clinical examination, differed in individuals with SCI and varying durations of MWC use. Design Cross-sectional cohort study. Setting Laboratory setting. Participants Adult volunteers (N=23) with SCI who used an MWC for community mobility. Individuals were stratified into 3 groups based on duration of MWC use: 15 years. Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures Special tests for shoulder impingement and bicipital tendonitis were performed. Bilateral shoulder MSK-US was performed, with the Ultrasound Shoulder Pathology Rating Scale (USPRS) quantifying biceps tendon, supraspinatus tendon, and greater tuberosity cortical surface impairments. Results No agreement was found between MSK-US and related special tests. Special tests failed to identify impairment in 33.3% to 100% of those identified on MSK-US. The total USPRS score was highest in those with >15 years' MWC use. A higher proportion of dynamic impingement (supraspinatus and biceps) was found in those with >15 years' MWC use, with other MSK-US items having moderate effect sizes among duration-use groups. Conclusions MSK-US identified shoulder impairments more frequently than commonly used special tests. A significant increase in the presence of MSK-US shoulder impairments was identified in the longest-duration group. This was not the case for special tests or pain. MSK-US is an easily administered, low-cost, noninvasive method for determining shoulder impairments and should be used in routine screening of individuals who use an MWC after SCI.
Molecular Simulation of Clay Minerals

Abstract Molecular simulation is a practical method of obtaining structural and dynamical information about clay minerals and their aqueous interfaces, especially given the difficulty in characterizing the atomic dispositions and crystal structures using experimental methods. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the basics of classical simulations as well as a review of force field development specific to clay minerals. Several applications are also provided, including clay mineral swelling, interlayer structure and dynamics, and solute adsorption.
ACIS A Clinical Information System

ACIS is a file generating system in which a compiler, using a simple data definition and schema language, accepts a description of the data and structures that are to be applied to this data and generates a series of PL/1programs. These programs are immediately available for use or can be user modified. This is far more powerful than providing the user with the conventional subroutine links.
Prevention of Developmental Disorders

In this chapter we will consider prevention of four representative developmental disabilities: infantile autism, developmental dysphasia, developmental dyslexia, and attention deficit disorder. Among these syndromes there are acquired or symptomatic forms secondary to some known etiological factor. When these secondary cases have been identified by appropriate differential diagnostic procedures, there remains an unexplained set of core syndromes, each characterized by a unique set of disabilities which, with respect to our current state of knowledge, must be considered developmental and cannot at the moment be attributed to any specific cause. These syndromes or sets of behavior are considered developmental; they appear to be inborn, with antecedents dating from the time of pregnancy, delivery, or shortly after birth; and they are modified with the maturation of the child in whom they occur. Being developmental in this sense, and of unspecified etiology, there is little that can be done in terms of primary prevention. Primary prevention is the prevention of the occurrence, or at least the expression, of the disability; secondary prevention is something less ambitious. Consequently, when we speak of prevention of these developmental disabilities, we are considering secondary prevention. Secondary prevention can be understood to be concerned with the prevention of secondary effects of these disorders, that is, complications, side effects, and preventable exacerbations of the primary disability. Complications and side effects may include distress and discomfort, not only to the child but also to his family and to society at large, including the educational system, in which the child grows and develops.
A CMOS Time to Digital Converter with Analog Memory for High Energy Physics Particle Detectors

A data driven TDC (Time to Digital Converter) has been designed and fabricated in HP’s 1.2 μm nwell CMOS process. The circuit was designed to work with the straw tube electronics of the Superconducting Supercollider (SSC), where we wish to measure the arrival time of electrons at a sense wire. The TCCAMU (Time to Charge Converter with an Analog Memory Unit) measures the time between an edge of the system clock and the leading edge of an asynchronous signal, and then gives a digital output representing that time measurement. Analog data sparsification occurs before the digitization with the help of an analog Level 1 / Level 2 storage system; Level 1 to Level 2 data transfers are virtual, in the sense that one swaps capacitor addresses instead of moving charge.
Iron-Molybdenum Cofactor and its Complementary Protein from Mutant Organisms

In 1977, Shah and Brill isolated a stable iron- and molybdenum-containing cofactor (called FeMoco) from nitrogenase.1 This discovery has opened up new possibilities for the chemists who seek to synthesize a catalyst for N2 reduction, the biochemists who seek to understand the structure and reactivity of nitrogenase and the geneticists who wish to modify the nitrogenase system. This article reviews both the sequence of events leading up to the successful isolation of FeMoco and what has been learned subsequently about this entity and its complementary protein from mutant organisms.
Defects in yolk sac hematopoiesis in Mll-null embryos

Translocations involving the mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL), the human homolog of the Drosophila gene trithorax, are one of the most common genetic alterations in human acute leukemias. Each translocation involving MLL results in loss of one functional copy of MLL and the generation of a chimeric fusion protein with potential dominant negative or neomorphic activity. Mll is a positive regulator of Hox genes, which have been implicated in both axial skeleton patterning and hematopoietic development. Previous studies indicated that Hox gene expression is altered in Mll heterozygous (+/-) and homozygous (-/-) deficient mice. To study the role of Mll in hematopoiesis and to obtain insights into leukemogenesis, we have examined the effects of haplo-insufficiency or absence of Mll by in vitro differentiation of Mll +/+, +/-, and -/- yolk sac progenitor cells. Mll -/- colonies were fewer in number, took longer to develop, and contained fewer cells than their wild-type and heterozygous counterparts. Formation of colony-forming unit-granulocyte, erythroid, macrophage, megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM), colony-forming unit-macrophage (CFU-M), and burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E) was markedly decreased in Mll -/- cultures, while numbers of colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E), colony-forming unit-granulocyte (CFU-G), and colony-forming unit-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) were essentially unaffected. Despite the decreased numbers of colonies present, Mll -/- cultures showed all cell types without morphologic evidence of maturation arrest. These studies indicate that Mll is required for normal numbers of hematopoietic progenitors and their proper differentiation, especially along the myeloid and macrophage pathways.
Lobular Carcinoma in Situ

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) differs in important ways from duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Most importantly, LCIS is not considered an early stage of breast cancer, but rather a marker of risk for subsequent cancer development, equal in either breast and requiring lifetime follow-up. Options include (1) close follow-up, including monthly breast self-examinations, examination by a physician every 4 to 6 months, and annual mammography; (2) ipsilateral total mastectomy, with or without contralateral biopsy; (3) bilateral total mastectomy, with or without immediate reconstruction; and (4) radiotherapy or systemic treatment as indicated. Prevention trials with tamoxifen and other agents are and will be under way. A large patient accrual and long-term follow-up are required to assess results.
A Study on Off-State Losses in Silicon-Carbide Schottky Diodes

Among HF/VHF rectifiers, SiC Schottky diodes exhibit larger losses compared to those captured in simulation, with additional off-state losses stemming from energy dissipation during the charging and discharging of the $C_{J}$ . Because these losses are not included in manufacturer simulation models nor have they been well-studied for SiC Schottky diodes, we experimentally measured them using the Sawyer-Tower circuit and compared the losses across manufacturer, current rating, generation, voltage rating, and packaging. Furthermore, we analyzed the performances of these devices on a class-DE rectifier and compared their power dissipation from the simulation and experimental measurements.
Detecting Electronic Nematicity by the Angle-Resolved Transverse Resistivity Measurements

The observation of nonzero voltage transverse to the current flow, in zero magnetic field, is a sensitive indication of the nematic order in cuprate superconductors. But this effect should be carefully identified and differentiated from various conceivable experimental artifacts. Here we discuss in detail the five types of artifacts commonly encountered in transport experiments and explain how we rule out these possibilities by decisive experimental evidence.
The Politics of the Core Leader in China: Culture, Institution, Legitimacy, and Power

The desire for the 'core' leader has been imbedded in the ruling philosophy of the Chinese Communist Party. As the role of the 'core' leader and his interactions with other ruling elite are important in understanding Chinese politics, this book attempts to focus on the role of the party chief and how he could become the 'core' of the leadership. Xuezhi Guo provides the most detailed and comprehensive scrutiny of the 'core' of the Chinese Communist Party leadership and meticulously analyses the cultural, philosophical, and ideological origins as well as its evolution throughout the party's history. This study introduces an eclectic approach that integrates the most useful analytical perspectives and insights from Chinese political history, philosophy, and mainstream Western methodologies in order to explain the consistent patterns of elite politics and the behavior of the party's high-ranking leaders during times of cooperation and conflict from Mao Zedong to Xi Jinping.
Nuts and Bolts of Interventional Radiology: A Valuable Adjunct for the Care of the ACS Patients in the ICU

Interventional radiology (IR) has a lot to offer acute care surgical patients in the intensive care unit. IR techniques are predicated on the use of a needle to access a body compartment, organ or vessel, followed by the use of a catheter to deliver an intervention. Such techniques can be used both as definitive management and also to bridge patients to alternative definitive management. Broadly, IR can be employed for the drainage of fluid collections as well as abdominal visceral and endovascular intervention. The use of IR procedures can reduce the overall physiological insult of intervention, but patients must be adequately resuscitated prior to any intervention in order to reduce complications.
Entanglement transitions from holographic random tensor networks

Universal features in patterns of entanglement of quantum states provide valuable information-theoretical insights into complex quantum many-body phases and dynamics. This work uncovers a novel class of phase transition between weakly- and strongly- entangled quantum states, described holographically at the boundary of a random tensor network. The univeral scaling structure of these transitions is explored via an exact mapping onto a classical spin model, which also opens the door to efficient numerical methods to study these complex quantum phenomena.
A Review of the Pharmacist as Vaccinator.

Objective: The aim of this study is to review literature about how the pharmacist’s role as vaccination providers has been financially and clinically measured. Methods: A broad literature search was conducted up to May 2016 to identify economic or clinical data on pharmacy vaccinations. MEDLINE® and PUBMED databases were searched for publications useful or potentially useful for this review. The NIH and CDC websites were also searched for relevant materials. Search terms included vaccination, pharmacist, economic, pharmacoeconomics, cost, benefits cost-effectiveness, physicians, immunizations, vaccinations, pharmacy vaccines, cost, physician vaccines, financial, benefit, ambulatory pharmacist vaccination, clinical pharmacist, economics, pharmacist vaccine impact. Results: The search yielded a total of 68 articles of which 12 met the criteria to be included in this review. After examining articles for relevance to pharmacy vaccinations, two tables were created to highlight the clinical and economic advantages of the pharmacist as a vaccinator. Conclusion: Pharmacists who administer vaccines are an underutilized provider. This literature review reveals a pattern among studies measuring the pharmacist’s impact on vaccination rates, patient preferences, and cost savings. Pharmacists have a history of demonstrated dependability, accuracy, and cost effectiveness. State laws, collaborative agreements, and health plans have continued to prevent patients from using the pharmacy to receive the CDC recommended vaccines. These barriers ultimately delay the Healthy People 2020 goals. Article Type: Review
Synthesis of water-soluble Ni(II) complexes and their role in photo-induced electron transfer with MPA-CdTe quantum dots

Photocatalytic water splitting using solar energy for hydrogen production offers a promising alternative form of storable and clean energy for the future. To design an artificial photosynthesis system that is cost-effective and scalable, earth abundant elements must be used to develop each of the components of the assembly. To develop artificial photosynthetic systems, we need to couple a catalyst for proton reduction to a photosensitizer and understand the mechanism of photo-induced electron transfer from the photosensitizer to the catalyst that serves as the fundamental step for photocatalysis. Therefore, our work is focused on the study of light driven electron transfer kinetics from the quantum dot systems made with inorganic chalcogenides in the presence of Ni-based reduction catalysts. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of four Ni(II) complexes of tetradentate ligands with amine and pyridine functionalities (N2/Py2) and their interactions with CdTe quantum dots stabilized by 3-mercaptopropionic acid. The lifetime of the quantum dots was investigated in the presence of the Ni complexes and absorbance, emission and electrochemical measurements were performed to gain a deeper understanding of the photo-induced electron transfer process.
Improving Interdisciplinary Communication via Text-paging Communication

Background: When caring for patients, communication between health care providers is key. When communication and collaboration are optimized between members of the healthcare team, job satisfaction as well as patient care improves. Maintaining this communication in larger institutions can be a challenge and may rely on text-paging technology. In order to maintain efficient workflow and timely patient care, we attempted to change the previous culture of sending a “four digit” call back number only pages, to a culture of message text pages. Aim Statement: Within 10 months, 25% …
Impact of Size and Shape of Equine Femoral Subchondral Bone Cysts With a Transcondylar Screw on Predicted Bone Formation Area in a Finite Element Model

Equine subchondral bone cysts (SBCs) develop most often in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) of yearlings intended for performance. SBCs often cause lameness and can cause secondary injuries to the meniscus and tibial cartilage. A novel surgical technique using a transcondylar lag screw (TLS) across an MFC SBC has shown success in lameness resolution and radiographic healing of MFC SBC. In a previous study using finite element analysis, our lab showed that a TLS stimulated bone formation on the inner surface of the SBC and altered third principal stress vectors to change the direction of surface compression to align with the screw axis. This work extended the previous study, which was limited by the use of only one idealized SBC. Our objective was to test SBCs of several sizes and shapes in a newly developed equine stifle FEM with a TLS to determine how cyst size affects bone formation stimulation. This study found that a transcondylar screw is most effective in stimulating bone formation in cysts of greater height (proximal-distal). The TLS increases stress stimulus in the bone around the cyst to promote bone apposition and directs compression across the cyst. If full penetration of the screw through the cyst is possible, it is recommended that the transcondylar screw be used to treat subchondral bone cysts. For the treatment of smaller cysts that are not accessible by the current screw surgical approach, future work could study efficacy of a dual-pitch headless screw that that may reach smaller cysts.
Demandas sísmicas de corte en columnas de marcos de hormigón armado incluyendo efectos dinámicos

espanolEste articulo presenta un estudio numerico sobre las demandas de corte sufridas por columnas de marcos de hormigon armado sujetas a acciones sismicas. El trabajo examina procedimientos bien establecidos de diseno al corte por capacidad que incluyen efectos de amplificacion dinamica mediante el factor ων que multiplica la fuerza de corte estatica asociada al desarrollo de la resistencia en flexion de las vigas. Tambien revisa los requisitos de la norma neozelandesa NZS3101 que requiere usar ων = 1.3 para columnas de pisos intermedios. Usando los resultados de analisis dinamicos no-lineales de un modelo que representa una de las direcciones principales de un edificio de 12 pisos estructurado con muros y marcos de hormigon armado disenados segun NCh433 y ACI318, el articulo muestra los valores calculados de ων para distintos tipos de columnas y pisos, cuando es sometido a un set de 13 registros sismicos. Los resultados indicaron que 1.0 EnglishThis article presents a numerical study on the shear force demands suffered by columns of reinforced concrete (RC) frames subjected to seismic actions. The paper examines well established capacity-based design procedures which account for dynamic amplification effects via the dynamic magnification factor ων, which multiplies the static shear demands resulting from the development of the beam flexural strengths. It also reviews the prescriptions of the New Zealand Standard NZS3101, which requires ων = 1.3 for columns of intermediate storeys. Using the results of nonlinear dynamic analyses (NLDA) of a model representing one of the main directions of a 12-storey building structured with RC walls and special moment resisting frames designed per NCh433 and ACI318, the paper shows the calculated values of ων for different column types and storey level, as subjected to a set of 13 earthquake records. The results show that 1.0
Investigating the relationship between parental weight stigma and feeding practices.

Abstract Promoting a healthy diet in children remains a prominent public health priority. Parents have been shown to be a major influence on their children's eating behaviors, but limited research has been devoted to exploring the factors that lead parents to select certain feeding practices over others. Past research has demonstrated a link between weight stigma (i.e., prejudicial attitudes or discriminatory behavior targeted at individuals who carry excess weight) and an individual's own weight-related behaviors and outcomes, but no study has examined how parental levels of weight stigma maybe associated with a parent's preferred feeding practices. The primary objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional associations between parental levels of weight-based stigmatization with parental feeding practices. Responses were collected on Amazon's Mechanical Turk website for n = 406 parents who 1) had at least one child aged 5–10 and 2) perceived themselves to be overweight or obese. After adjusting for relevant covariates, parental weight stigma was shown to be significantly associated with restrictive feeding practices, and verbal modeling of eating behaviors (all ps
Tips and tricks gained from years of experience with GE Tracerlab FXC Pro

1038 Objectives: The GE Tracerlab FXC Pro is a commonly used synthesis unit for the synthesis of C-11 PET radiopharmaceuticals. It has integrated C-11 methyl iodide and C-11 methyl triflate synthesis along with the ability to label, purify and formulate the PET radiopharmaceutical using either reactor or loop labeling methods. Below we describe our experience gained over the past 8 years with the GE Tracerlab FXC Pro in optimizing the system for routine C-11 PET radiopharmaceutical synthesis in a cGMP environment. Methods: We have been operating two GE Tracerlab FXC Pros with a GE PETtrace 880 cyclotron with standard GE C-11 cyclotron target since 2010 routinely in a cGMP environment for an average of three C-11 synthesis per day. We routinely synthesize C-11 PiB, C-11 Raclopride, C-11 MeNER (C-11 methylreboxetine), C-11 Altropane and C-11 Methionine for clinical research studies. To optimize the FXC Pro to allow routine labeling with either C-11 methyl iodide or C-11 methyl triflate as well as between either the HPLC loop or reactor, we have modified the FXC plumbing as detailed in Figure 1 to allow the different labeling without replumbing the unit between synthesis. Through our years of experience, we have determined optimal replacement cycles for the valves, tubing and consumables and they are highlighted in Figure 1. Results: The HPLC loop on the FXC Pro was enlarged from 1 to 3mL by adding a 2mL loop connected with unions, which allows the insertion of an injection port at the union for loading precursor onto the HPLC loop. The product collect vial lamp was removed and re-purposed to control two additional valves (L1 & L2) to allow flow through or bypass of the silver triflate column. We found that successfully maintaining reproducible low level carrier mass was gained through routine use of the FXCs, as well as conditioning of the cyclotron target and FXC prior to use. CO2 traps (NaOH) were previously used on the grade 6 gas for the cyclotron target (1% oxygen in nitrogen), helium and hydrogen gas supply line, but found to slightly suppress the specific activity of the PET radiopharmaceuticals. Impact of gas tank changeover on specific activity was minimized using automated gas tank changeover panels equipped with one-way and purge valves to prevent intrusion of CO2 into the gas supply. The average specific activities of our routinely produced C-11 PET radiopharmaceuticals are detailed in Table 1. We found that the molecular sieves/shimalite nickel in the methane oven as well as the Carboxen in the methane trap began to lose effectiveness after about 18 months of use, therefore, we placed them on a 1-year replacement cycle. We found that the Porapak Q column, as long as protected from iodine, and the silver triflate column, protected from reaction/cleaning solvents, would last several years without any noticeable drops of effectiveness. Conclusions: Through some simple modifications and a routine maintenance plan, the FXCs and the newer generation FX2Cs can be stable and reproducible for routine cGMP production of PET radiopharmaceuticals.
Book Review | Mobile Subjects: Transnational Imaginaries of Gender Reassignment, by Aren Z. Aizura (Duke University Press, 2020)

Book Review of Mobile Subjects: Transnational Imaginaries of Gender Reassignment, by Aren Z. Aizura (Duke University Press, 2020)
The principle and applications of bioelectrochemical systems

Bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a unique technology that uses microorganisms to covert the chemical energy stored in biodegradable materials to direct electric current. Compared to traditional chemical and environmental technologies, BES offers a flexible platform for both oxidation and reduction reaction oriented processes, because any biodegradable substrate, especially waste materials, can be oxidized in the anode chamber, and the generated current can be directly harvested as electricity or used to produce value-added chemicals, desalinate salt water, and remediate contaminants. This chapter reviews the microbiological and technological principles of the BES technology and discusses the different functions and recent developments of systems.
Graded sequential therapy in the menopause: A double-blind study

Abstract A sequential formulation of estrogen and progestogen was graded in dosage to mimic the natural ovarian cycle and tested in menopausal patients. Three preparations, one containing 1,400 mcg. of mestranol in a 28 day cycle, one containing 700 mcg. of mestranol in a 28 day cycle, one containing only a placebo, and all three looking exactly alike, were compared with the use of a carefully controlled double-blind technique. This innovative and logical approach to estrogen relacement therapy was found to be effective in relieving vasomotor symptoms and was well tolerated. The lower-dosage formulation and nervousness. The higher dosage caused a significant in relieving hot flushes and nervousness. The higher dosage caused a significant increase in breast soreness. Withdrawal bleeding simulated normal menstruation with both dosage levels. Breakthrough bleeding was rare in both. Although the two regimens increased corticosteroid-binding globulin, the effect on this plasma protein was slight with the lower estrogen level. Our lower-dosage, graded, sequential estrogen-progestogen formulation seems acceptable for physiologic replacement therapy in the menopausal woman.
Gastric Electrical Stimulation on Gastric Motility in Dogs

Aims: The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate and compare the effects of synchronized dual-pulse gastric electrical stimulation (SDPS) and conventional gastric electrical stimulation (CGES) on antral contractions, gastric tone, and autonomic functions. Methods: Seven female hound dogs implanted with four pairs of electrodes on gastric serosa were studied in two separate experiments. The first experiment was designed to investigate the effects of SDPS/CGES on gastric tone and heart rate variations. The second experiment was performed to study the effects of SDPS/CGES on antral contractions. Results: 1) SDPS induced gastric antral contractions in the fasting state, whereas CGES at the intrinsic or a tachygastrial frequency had no effects on fasting antral contractions. 2) SDPS enhanced postprandial antral contractions impaired by glucagon; however, CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibited postprandial antral contractions. In addition, CGES at the intrinsic frequency of the stomach had no effects on postprandial antral contractions. 3) SDPS or CGES at the intrinsic frequency of the stomach had no effects on gastric tone, but CGES at a tachygastrial frequency reduced gastric tone. 4) SDPS excited vagal activity, but CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibited vagal activity. Conclusions: SDPS improves antral contractions but does not affect gastric tone and thus may have potential for treating gastric motility disorders. CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibits gastric tone and contractions and may be applicable for treating obesity. The excitatory or inhibitory effects of SDPS/CGES on gastric motility may be mediated via vagal pathway.
Sound Propogation Outdoors

In problems of sound propagation outdoors it is usually assumed that the ground is infinitely hard, and that sound from a point source spreads in the space above the ground according to the inverse square law. At large distances molecular absorption plays a significant role. Because sound levels at ranges greater than a few hundred feet are often 10 or 15 dB less than expected, from the mechanisms so far mentioned, sound levels are often reduced empirically by this amount in prediction schemes and attributed to a "terrain effect", or some such name. Meteorological effects, caused by gradients of wind or temperature are more difficult to allow for, and are often ignored. These gradients and related instabilities also result in turbulence, which causes fluctuations in the sound levels that are quite significant, depending on sound frequency, even a few hundred feet from the source. There is much relevant material in the technical literature that has not yet been applied to the practical problems of outdoor sound propagation; but which can be very significant for such things as the standard testing of motor vehicles or snowmobiles at ranges of 25 or 50 feet, and at longer ranges are important for the prediction of airport or highway noise at distances of a mile or two. Precise mathematical theory of wave propagation in near-horizontal directions over a surface of finite impedance goes back to Sommerfeld in 1909 and was extensively developed by about 1940 at least for electromagnetic waves. The theory was put into acoustical form about 1950 by both Ingard and Rudnick, and the latter also confirmed the main features experimentally in the laboratory. In the last twenty years there have been several experimental studies outdoors, whose principal strength has been the careful reporting of results rather than the discussion of mechanisms. The reasons most of this is not yet applied are twofold: firstly the scarcity of measurements of ground impedance particularly for the near-grazing angles of incidence that are of practical importance; and secondly the complexity caused by several phenomena that usually coexist, although sometimes one or another can predominate. This paper briefly summarizes some of this un-applied experimental knowledge, with a view to replacing parts of the present widely used empirical prediction methods by more quantitative schemes.