cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reaction Chemistry in the Afterglow of an Oxygen-Helium, Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma.

The reaction chemistry in the afterglow of a non-equilibrium, capacitive discharge, operated at 600 Torr total pressure with (0.5 to 5.0) × 1017 cm-3 of oxygen in helium, has been examined by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, optical emission spectroscopy, and numerical modeling. The densities of the active species, O(3P), O2(1Δg), O2(1Σg+), and O3, have been determined as a function of the operating conditions. At RF power densities between 6.1 and 30.5 W/cm3 and a neutral temperature of 100 ± 40 °C, the plasma generated (0.2 to 1.0) × 1016 cm-3 of O(3P) and O2(1Δg), (0.2 to 2.0) × 1015 cm-3 of O2(1Σg+), and (0.1 to 4.0) × 1015 cm-3 of O3. After the power was turned off, the singlet-sigma and singlet-delta states decayed within 0.1 and 30.0 ms, respectively. The concentration of oxygen atoms remained constant for about 0.5 ms, then fell rapidly due to recombination with O2 to form O3. It was found that the etching rate of polyimide correlated with the concentration of oxygen atoms in the afterglow, in...
The Mechanical Theory of Earth-Heat

NOTICING the assertion made in NATURE, vol. xx. p. 22, in reference to Prof. Church's article in Silliman's Journal on the Comstock Lode, that “the rock in the lower levels seems to have a pretty uniform temperature of 130° F.,” and remembering what Prof. G. F. Barker, of the University of Pennsylvania, told me, that on a recent visit to those mines he found that there was no uniform temperature, but on the contrary, the most remarkable differences, some of the higher levels being much hotter than some of the lower levels—so that he came to two conclusions:—(1) That the heat was a hot water heat, and (2) that the hot waters were heated mechanically by those continuous movements of the country, so plainly shown both in the mines and at the surface;—it occurs to me to ask the following question:—
Single-Shot Visualization of Evolving Light-Speed Plasma Structures by Multi-Object-Plane Phase-Contrast Imaging

We demonstrate single-shot visualization of evolving, laser-driven structures in tenuous plasma over meter-scale paths. An ultrashort probe crossing the object’s path is phase-modulated, then relay-imaged from multiple object planes to separate detectors.
Core-Plus-Particle Model and the Low-Lying Levels of Cr 53

Experimental energies, spectroscopic factors, and electromagnetic data associated with the low-lying levels of ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{53}$ are fitted by means of a model in which the basis states are taken to be single-particle orbits vector-coupled to states of the ${\mathrm{Cr}}^{52}$ core. Unknown properties of the core states are treated as parameters. A least-squares minimization procedure is used to determine optimum fits to the data. Although most of the low-energy data can be fitted quite successfully, the spectroscopic factors and quadrupole moment are not well reproduced. The observed levels appear to be more highly mixed than is suggested by the model. It is also found to be necessary to introduce an effective charge in order to reproduce the $B(E2)$ data.
Development of Homogeneous Water Condensation Models Using Molecular Dynamics

DOI: 10.2514/1.40360 A condensation phenomenon in free expansion plumes has been observed and studied in the past several decades. To model homogeneous condensation of small, polar molecules produced in the combustion products of chemical propellants, such as water, accurate microscopic cluster models need to be developed. In this work, the molecular dynamics method is used to develop a model of water cluster sizes, cluster–monomer collisions, and sticking probabilities necessary for the study of water homogeneous condensation in a plume expanding to low pressure, space conditions. The molecular dynamics results are integrated into a direct-simulation Monte Carlo simulation andthe simulated Rayleigh scatteringintensities arecompared with experimental datatotest the modelsanddirectsimulation Monte Carlo simulation results.
Menstrual functioning and psychopathology in a county-wide population of high school girls.

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the association between menstrual functioning and depressive disorder symptoms (DDS), obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms (OCDS), and eating disorder symptoms (EDS) in high school girls. Method: Survey data from a county-wide high school population (completion rate 91%) were used. Associations between menstrual indices and scores above clinical cutoff on the Beck Depression Inventory, Leyton Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Child Version, and Eating Attitudes Test were examined by using logistic regression ( N = 2,547 girls). Results: Controlling for chronological age and other risk factors, late menarche was associated with DDS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16–4.18). Gynecological year 1 (GY1) was associated with DDS (OR = 3.13, CI=1.23–7.33), EDS (OR = 3.11, CI=1.00–8.09), and OCDS, both number (OR = 5.75, CI=1.79–15.74) and interference (OR = 12.55, CI=3.20–41.4). Secondary amenorrhea was associated with DDS (OR = 1.94, CI=11.30–2.84) and EDS (OR = 2.32, CI=1.51–3.49); polymenorrhea with EDS (OR = 1.92, CI=1.27–2.86); and irregular cycles with EDS (OR = 1.70, CI=1.11–2.54) and DDS (OR = 1.76, CI=11.21–2.53). Conclusions: In high school girls, late menarche, GY1, and menstrual cycle abnormalities are associated differentially with DDS, OCDS, and EDS.
Landscape context and plant community composition in grazed agricultural systems of the Northeastern United States

Temperate humid grazing lands are an important component of the landscape of the northeastern United States, as well as of the economy of this region. Unlike their European counterparts, little is known about the basic ecology of managed grasslands in this region. During an 8-year survey of 28 farms across the northeastern United States, we sampled the vegetation on 95 grazed plots, identifying 310 plant species, and collected data on topography, climate and soils. Landscape structure data were obtained from the National Land Cover Data (NLCD) 2001 for six radii (250–2,000 m) surrounding each site. The 500-m radius was most strongly related to plant community composition. Planned species composition was related only to site factors, while associated species were influenced by both site factors and landscape pattern. Species richness was unrelated to landscape structure for either group. Differing management effects on planned and associated species may explain the variation in their responses. Managed grasslands are a critical part of the interconnected landscape of the northeastern United States, and both affect and are affected by their surroundings.
Isaac Watts's Education for The Dissenting Ministry: A New Document

Dr. Williams' Library in London has a copy of Bishop John Wilkins's Ecclesiastes , interleaved with pages on which the divine and hymn-writer Isaac Watts made hundreds of notes — concerning the books he studied at Thomas Rowe's Dissenting academy in London, the comments of leading figures in London's nonconformist circles, and his own maturing opinions and judgments. Dates on various notes range from 1690 to 1709. The document should be of interest to all students of English religious nonconformity in the seventeenth century; it is in effect a manuscript record of an education for the Dissenting ministry, written by one of the foremost ministers of the age, which further reveals the influence of that education on his thinking and his pastoral activities in the most active years of his public leadership. Through a combination of circumstances, Watts' copy of Wilkins has remained obscure, unidentified and virtually untouched in the Dr. Williams archives for well over a century. Now that it has come to light again,2 and has been identified as Watts's,3 perhaps it can gain the attention it merits
Repeat cerebral pan-angiography in subarachnoid hemorrhage of unknown etiology

Cerebral pan-angiography was repeated in 24 patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage confirmed by spinal fluid or computed tomography evidence after the initial pan-angiography was negative. Recent, long-term follow-up was also conducted. The pan-angiography was technically adequate and did not show vasospasm, both being causes of aneurysmal nonvisualization. No etiology was demonstrated on repeat study in all 24 patients. An additional three patients had only one study, but autopsy later confirmed lack of etiology for subarachnoid hemorrhage despite gross and microscopic serial sections. The mean duration of follow-up was 18.1 years and outcome was favorable. Our results suggest that repeat cerebral pan-angiography may not be indicated in the patient who has no further bleeding episodes and in whom the initial study was normal, technically adequate, and complete without evidence of vasospasm. Nonvisualization of a cerebral aneurysm is commonly proposed as the most likely cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage when angiography is normal following nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Our results suggest this conclusion is no longer accurate if the angiogram is technically adequate with the absence of vasospasm.
Developmental regulation of juvenile hormone esterase in Trichoplusia ni: Its multiple electrophoretic forms occur during each larval ecdysis

Abstract Juvenile hormone esterase activity has been found during the intramoult period of each larval stadium in Trichoplusia ni. The activity is indistinguishable from that occurring during the final larval stadium, on the basis of its four isoelectric forms and kinetic data. The 4th- to 5th-instar intramoult peak in activity also occurs in other Lepidoptera (Heliothis virescens, Spodoptera exigua, Manduca sexta and Hyphantria cunea). Further, the final species also possessed a peak of activity during the intramoult period to the penultimate larval instar. The findings have important implications for the current concept that the function of juvenile hormone esterase is, by reason of its anti-juvenile hormone action, an enzyme of the last larval instar which enables metamorphosis to begin.
Cloning and expression of human TAFII250: a TBP-associated factor implicated in cell-cycle regulation.

BASAL transcription by human RNA polymerase II requires the coordinate action of several ancillary factors (TFIIA-J)1 and can be regulated by various promoter-specific DNA binding proteins. An additional class of factors, called coactivators, are dispensable for basal transcription but are indispensable for regulation by transcriptional activators2–4. Biochemical studies established that some coactivators are associated with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) to form the TFIID complex3–6. We therefore set out to define the relationship between TBP and these TBP-associated factors (TAFs). Here we describe the cloning, expression and properties of the first human TAF, hTAFII250. The hTAFII250 gene is identical to a gene, CCG1 (refs 7, 8), implicated in cell-cycle progression. Recombinant hTAFII250 binds directly to TBP both in vitro and in yeast, and participates in the formation of the TFIID complex. This largest TAF may therefore play a central role in TFIID assembly by interacting with both TBP and other TAFs, as well as serving to link the control of transcription to the cell cycle.
Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Evaluation of Selected Construction Features1

The effects of selected construction techniques upon the flammability of certain fabrics used in the manufacture of children's sleepwear are reported. Investigations include all combinations of seven fabrics and five construction variables. Construction variables reported include: self-fabric ruffles, embroidered insertion trim, and edge-finished seams using three thread types. For each flame retardant (FR) fabric tested, the addition of embroidered insertion trim resulted in a flammability failure and the presence of a cotton seam was accompanied by an increase in char length. A residual flame was noted for FR acetate/polyester tricot with the addition of a self-ruffle, a cotton seam, or an embroidered insertion.
Inappropriate fiddling with statistical analyses to obtain a desirable p-value: tests to detect its presence in published literature.

Much has been written regarding p-values below certain thresholds (most notably 0.05) denoting statistical significance and the tendency of such p-values to be more readily publishable in peer-reviewed journals. Intuition suggests that there may be a tendency to manipulate statistical analyses to push a “near significant p-value” to a level that is considered significant. This article presents a method for detecting the presence of such manipulation (herein called “fiddling”) in a distribution of p-values from independent studies. Simulations are used to illustrate the properties of the method. The results suggest that the method has low type I error and that power approaches acceptable levels as the number of p-values being studied approaches 1000.
Depressive deficits in word identification and recall

Abstract Depressed and nondepressed adults rated positive, negative, and neutral nouns for their emotional value or their physical curvature. Next, they tried to identify previously rated and unrated words that were presented quite briefly and masked. Depressed subjects' identification showed a reduced effect of prior exposure in the curvature task but no deficit when words had been rated for emotion. On a subsequent test of free recall, both a depressive deficit and a rating effect obtained. These results suggest that depressed people are less likely to process beyond the requirements of the task.
MyD88-dependent pathways in leukocytes affect the retina in diabetes.

Background Previous studies by us and other have provided evidence that leukocytes play a critical role in the development of diabetic retinopathy, suggesting a possible role of the innate immune system in development of the retinopathy. Since MyD88 is a convergence point for signaling pathways of the innate immune system (including Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1s (IL-1s)), the purpose of this study was to assess the role of MyD88 and its dependent pathways on abnormalities that develop in retina and white blood cells related to diabetic retinopathy.
Tell me a story: Using creative writing in introductory accounting courses to enhance and assess student learning

Abstract Low student motivation, apprehension and anxiety towards accounting, and diversity in learning styles are a few incentives for employing non-traditional tools for teaching introductory accounting courses. Three modes of storytelling – fairy tales, fables, and poetry – are used in financial and managerial accounting courses to enhance and assess student learning. We find the storytelling exercises give us good insight as to whether students genuinely understand course content. Students indicate that storytelling helps them to understand accounting concepts and make the course more fun. Assignment outcomes have been used at conferences and campus events and have generated conversations about accounting beyond business faculty.
Immunohistochemical pitfalls in the diagnosis of hepatocellular adenomas and focal nodular hyperplasia: accurate understanding of diverse staining patterns is essential for diagnosis and risk assessment

Immunohistochemical pitfalls in the diagnosis of hepatocellular adenomas and focal nodular hyperplasia: accurate understanding of diverse staining patterns is essential for diagnosis and risk assessment
Schistosomatium douthitti: carbohydrate metabolism in the adults.

Abstract Pathways of carbohydrate metabolism in the adults of Schistosomatium douthitti : were investigated. Histochemical reactions for adenosinetriphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.8), lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27, 1.1.2.3) isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41), succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37), cytochrome oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1), and adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3) were found in the adult worms. Glycogen deposits occurred in the parenchyma. Low oxygen tension immobilized the worms. Tartar emetic, sodium cyanide reduced adult motility in vitro . Manometric experiments demonstrated a respiratory quotient of approximately one. Oxygen uptake was completely inhibited by tartar emetic and partially inhibited by sodium fluoracetate and sodium cyanide. Inhibition by sodium fluoroacetate was partially counteracted by citric acid in the medium. Adults demonstrated an oxygen debt following anaerobic incubation. A maximum of 52% of the glucose consumed under aerobic conditions was excreted as lactic acid. Under anaerobic conditions the amount of lactic acid excreted increased. Acids other than lactic acid were also released. Results indicate that although glycolysis is the major pathway, two additional aerobic pathways also exist, one which is cyanide sensitive and the other cyanide insensitive.
STUDYING INTERCLUSTER GALAXY FILAMENTS THROUGH STACKING gmBCG GALAXY CLUSTER PAIRS

We present a method to study the photometric properties of galaxies in filaments by stacking the galaxy populations between pairs of galaxy clusters. Using Sloan Digital Sky Survey data, this method can detect the intercluster filament galaxy overdensity with a significance of ~5σ out to z = 0.40. Using this approach, we study the g – r color and luminosity distribution of filament galaxies as a function of redshift. Consistent with expectation, filament galaxies are bimodal in their color distribution and contain a larger blue galaxy population than clusters. Filament galaxies are also generally fainter than cluster galaxies. More interestingly, the observed filament population seems to show redshift evolution at 0.12 < z < 0.40: the blue galaxy fraction has a trend to increase at higher redshift; such evolution is parallel to the "Butcher-Oemler effect" of galaxy clusters. We test the dependence of the observed filament density on the richness of the cluster pair: richer clusters are connected by higher density filaments. We also test the spatial dependence of filament galaxy overdensity: this quantity decreases when moving away from the intercluster axis between a cluster pair. This method provides an economical way to probe the photometric properties of filament galaxies and should prove useful for upcoming projects like the Dark Energy Survey.
Child psychopathic traits moderate relationships between parental affect and child aggression.

Objective Previous studies show that children with psychopathic traits may be less responsive to parenting. Although harsh/inconsistent parenting is associated with increased problem behaviors in children low on psychopathic traits, children high on psychopathic traits show consistently high levels of problem behavior regardless of negative parenting. Moderating effects of child psychopathic traits on positive dimensions of parenting have not been explored. Method We applied multi-level regression models to test for interactions between child psychopathic traits and both positive and negative parental affect on individual differences in both reactive and proactive aggression, in a community-based sample of 1,158 children aged 9 through 10 years of age. Results There were significant associations between child psychopathic traits and positive and negative parental affect with both forms of aggression. Child psychopathic traits also moderated effects of positive and negative parental affect. Children low on psychopathic traits showed decreasing reactive aggression as positive parental affect increased, and increasing levels of reactive aggression as negative parental affect increased, but children high on psychopathic traits showed more stable levels of reactive aggression regardless of levels of parental affect. Proactive aggression was more strongly associated with negative parental affect among children with higher levels of psychopathic traits. Conclusions In a community sample of preadolescent children, child psychopathic traits were shown to moderate the effects of parental affect on aggression. Reactive aggression in children high on psychopathic traits appears less responsive to variations in either positive or negative parenting. In contrast, child psychopathic traits may exacerbate the effects of high levels of negative parental effect on proactive aggression.
Penile paraffinoma: self-injection with mineral oil.

We present a 64-year-old patient with a 9-cm firm, irregular penile mass associated with phimosis, erectile dysfunction, and voiding difficulty. After he reluctantly admitted to multiple penile mineral oil self-injections for enlargement, surgical excision was performed. Pathologic examination was consistent with mineral oil granuloma (paraffinoma). Within several weeks after surgery, his erectile dysfunction and voiding complaints resolved. Paraffinomas have been encountered with the use of various oily substances injected for cosmetic purposes. Despite early warnings, these agents continued to be used to treat conditions ranging from hemorrhoids to wrinkles and even baldness. Fortunately, most of these fads have been abandoned by medical professionals, but the complicating lesions have been documented as having lag times as long as 30 years. Complete surgical excision remains the treatment of choice to prevent recurrence. Increased public awareness is needed for the prevention of this physically and psychologically debilitating problem. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;45:S222-4.)
Managers’ Corporate Entrepreneurial Actions and Job Satisfaction

Through the development and extension of theories and scholars’ subsequent empirical analyses of significant, theoretically grounded research questions, the knowledge about corporate entrepreneurship (CE) and its successful use continues to advance. Moreover, the literature suggests important relationships between the corporate environment, managers’ entrepreneurial behavior and successful implementation of corporate entrepreneurship actions. In an attempt to test some of those relationships, we describe an empirical study of 523 managers that examines the relationships among the antecedents to managers’ entrepreneurial behavior, a decision to implement entrepreneurial actions, and resulting job satisfaction and reinforcement practices.
Steady-state potentials in ovarian follicles of a moth, Hyalophora cecropia

Abstract Ion substitutions and ion-selective microelectrodes were used to study the steady state potential (Em) between the oocyte and the medium surrounding ovarian follicles in Hyalophora cecropia, a system developing in a high K + low Na + haemolymph. Potassium channels were affected by the osmolarity of the medium, being maximally open at 300 mOsm, the osmolarity of the native haemolymph. In a 300 mOsm medium, Em changed 26 mV/decade change in [K+]0, and was slightly positive to Ek (1.9 mV; P = 0.035). In most follicles, Em did not vary with changes in [Cl−]0. Follicles with small Em (−20 to −30 mV), by contrast, included some that depolarized on removal of external Cl−; after several minutes, these follicles subsequently hyperpolarized spontaneously and at the same time adopted the more common Cl− impermeable state. Under physiological conditions, with K+ channels open and Cl− permeability low, protons also contributed to Em, which changed at a rate of 14 mV/pH unit change; when K+ channels were blocked with tetraethylammonium/Ba2+, this slope increased to >40 mV/pH unit. Since the cytosolic pH of follicles incubated in the standard pH 6.5 incubation medium averaged 7.3, EH is very positive to Em. Calculations from chord conductance theory indicated that the measured Em would be achieved if gk = 49·gH. Together, H+ and K+ accounted for up to 69% of the measured steady state potential; chilling the cells mimicked previously reported treatment with azide or vanadate, and confirmed that one-third to one-half of the steady state potential is metabolically maintained.
Evaluation of a high-speed signal-averager for sensitivity enhancement in radio frequency Fourier transform electron paramagnetic resonance imaging

A commercially available high-speed, digital signal-averager is integrated into an existing time-domain radio frequency (rf) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer/imager. Sensitivity enhancement by the integrated system is estimated by coherent averaging of free induction decay signals, obtained from narrow-line EPR spin probes, and its performance is compared with that of an existing custom-built averager. For the existing custom-built “Analytek” averager, the minimum realizable trigger rate was 50 kHz, whereas for the commercial EG&G 9826 system, due the spectrometer constraints, we set the retrigger rate to 133 kHz. Very short summing and down loading times of the latter enable good temporal resolution in phantom as well as in vivo rf Fourier transform EPR images, obtained by the single point imaging (SPI) modality. For two-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging using the SPI mode, a saving of time by a factor of >2 could be achieved with the EG&G system compared with the Analytek.
The evidence for the effectiveness of action learning

For the past 50 years, organizations and individuals around the world have reported success in their use of action learning programs to solve problems, develop leaders, build teams and transform their corporate cultures. However, very little rigorous research has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of action learning. The authors reviewed 21 refereed articles, theses and dissertations that quantitatively and/or qualitatively measured the impact of action learning and to determine the success factors in action learning programs. The evidence elicited from these studies support the following: (1) action learning develops broad executive and managerial leadership skills, particularly collaborative leadership and coaching skills; (2) action learning improves the ability of managers to develop integrative, win/win solutions to conflict situations; (3) governing variables that were consistently identified as critical to the success of action learning include questioning, taking action, learning from g...
Growth and properties of tin oxide nanowires and the effect of annealing conditions

Luminescence data obtained in the visible region from the SnO2 nanowires are used to determine the defect levels within the bandgap responsible for the strong orange emission, and a shift in the orange luminescence is seen at low temperatures. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) in the UV region shows the merging of the various emission lines at low temperature into a single broad UV peak with increasing temperatures. Investigations of PL and transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (TEM-XEDS) from wires of different diameters show that the luminescence in the gap originates from surface states and thinner wires have more oxygen vacancies compared to thicker ones. Nanowires post rapid thermal annealing in two different ambients viz. oxygen and nitrogen are compared, using Raman, photoluminescence (PL) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as characterization tools. Our data demonstrate that annealing in oxygen improves the crystalline quality of the nanowires due to the decrease in the oxygen vacancies.
Biplanar Radiofrequency Coil Design

Abstract A novel geometry for radiofrequency coil design is described. In this geometry, longitudinal wires of the coil lie on two parallel planes. The currents in the wires of one plane run in the direction opposite to those of the other plane. An analytic solution is provided for the field produced by infinite surface currents running in the biplanar geometry. For the case of discrete wires, computer-generated field maps imply that the homogeneity and sensitivity of the biplanar design are superior to those of a saddle coil, but worse than those obtained in an equivalent discrete cosine or birdcage coil design. Optimization of this coil design was performed using computer simulations. The measured B1 map of an optimized, single-tuned biplanar coil compares favorably to that of an equivalent discrete cosine coil, demonstrating excellent homogeneity in the central region of the coil. A 30 × 24 × 40 cm biplanar coil has been coupled to a 1.5 T imaging system. Images of the human abdomen generated with this coil demonstrate a high degree of homogeneity across nearly all of the sensitive region of the coil.
Distribution of fibroblast growth factor 5 mRNA in the rat brain: an in situ hybridization study

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are potent growth factors with roles in the brain ranging from development to adult plasticity. FGF-5 is a newly described member of the fibroblast growth factor family. In order to evaluate a possible role of FGF-5, we have examined the locus of synthesis of FGF-5 in the rat brain. We have used in situ hybridization of 35S-labelled RNA probe complementary to FGF-5 mRNA. FGF-5 mRNA was present in neurons in select regions of the rat brain. FGF-5 mRNA expression was particularly intense in the olfactory bulb within periglomerular elements and the mitral cell layer. The primary olfactory cortex also showed a robust expression of FGF-5 mRNA mostly within layer II. In the hippocampal formation, the greatest labelling of FGF-5 mRNA occurred in hippocampal pyramidal cells within subfields CA3 and secondarily within subfields CA1, CA2 and CA4. The dentate gyrus granule cells displayed a modest hybridization signal. The cerebral cortex (neocortex) showed a light labelling throughout its rostro-caudal extent mostly within external layers. The entorhinal cortex showed a higher FGF-5 mRNA expression as compared to the neocortex and signal appeared more intense in layer II. In general, FGF-5 mRNA was shown to be localized mostly in limbic structures, suggesting that FGF-5 may play a role in limbic system function or dysfunction.
Interpretive repertoires as mirrors on society and as tools for action: reflections on Zeyer and Roth’s A mirror of society

I respond to Zeyer and Roth’s (Cultural Studies of Science Education, 2009) paper on their use of interpretive repertoire analysis to explicate Swiss middle school students’ dialogic responses to environmental issues. I focus on the strategy of interpretive repertoire analysis, making sense of the stance Zeyer and Roth take with this analysis by synthesizing their argument and comparing their analysis with other researchers that have also used this analytic tool. Interpretive repertoires are discourse resources, including mores, tropes, and metaphors that can be evoked by speakers in support of a tenuous claim. So interpretive repertoires have rhetorical character and function. Interpretive repertoire analysis requires looking for patterns in the contradictions in the speech of a collective of participants that can be codified as interpretive repertoires. Interpretive repertoires provide insight into macro-structures that frame, and are used to justify participants’ behavior. My response to Zeyer and Roth’s argument might also be thought to be contradictory but I think defensible. In this paper, I outline why I am excited by the possibilities I can image for this type of analysis in areas of science education research. However, I also felt the need to identify possible limitations of Zeyer and Roth’s exclusive focus on environmental issues to the neglect of other issues, such as those associated with gender, embedded in participants’ discourse. I argue that a critical and historical focus, in conjunction with interpretive repertoire analysis, offer a rich strategy for analysis in science education research, especially in the study of macrostructures, such as gender, race, identity and power.
Communicating With School Nurses About Sexual Orientation and Sexual Health: Perspectives of Teen Young Men Who Have Sex With Men

Black and Latino young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are at disproportionate risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV. This study informs school-centered strategies for connecting YMSM to health services by describing their willingness, perceived safety, and experiences in talking to school staff about sexual health. Cross-sectional data were collected from Black and Latino YMSM aged 13-19 through web-based questionnaires (N = 415) and interviews (N = 32). School nurses were the staff members youth most often reported willingness to talk to about HIV testing (37.8%), STD testing (37.1%), or condoms (37.3%), but least often reported as safe to talk to about attraction to other guys (11.4%). Interviews revealed youth reluctance to talk with school staff including nurses when uncertain of staff members' perceptions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) people or perceiving staff to lack knowledge of LGBTQ issues, communities, or resources. Nurses may need additional training to effectively reach Black and Latino YMSM.
Observations of visual sensations produced by Cerenkov radiation from high-energy electrons.

Abstract Ten cancer patients whose eyes were therapeutically irradiated with 6–18 MeV electrons reported visual light sensations. Nine reported seeing blue light and one reported seeing white light. Controls reported seeing no light. Additionally, tests with patients ruled out the x-ray contamination of the electron beam as being important. The photon yield due to Cerenkov radiation produced by radium and its daughters for both electrons and gamma rays was calculated; it was found to account for a turn-of-the-century human observation of the “radium” phosphene. We conclude that the dominant mechanism of this phosphene is Cerenkov radiation, primarily from betas. From our own patient data, based on the color seen and the Cerenkov production rates, we conclude that the dominant mechanism is Cerenkov radiation and that high-energy electrons are an example of particle induced visual sensations.
A finite temperature twisted Eguchi-Kawai model

Abstract We introduce a finite temperature version of the twisted Eguchi-Kawai model and study it at low temperature via Monte Carlo calculations. The model reproduces the results previously obtained by Gonzalez-Arroyo and Okawa.
EVALUATION OF FOUR VOLUME-BASED IMAGE REGISTRATION ALGORITHMS

We evaluated 4 volume-based automatic image registration algorithms from 2 commercially available treatment planning systems (Philips Syntegra and BrainScan). The algorithms based on cross correlation (CC), local correlation (LC), normalized mutual information (NMI), and BrainScan mutual information (BSMI) were evaluated with: (1) the synthetic computed tomography (CT) images, (2) the CT and magnetic resonance (MR) phantom images, and (3) the CT and MR head image pairs from 12 patients with brain tumors. For the synthetic images, the registration results were compared with known transformation parameters, and all algorithms achieved accuracy of submillimeter in translation and subdegree in rotation. For the phantom images, the registration results were compared with those provided by frame and marker-based manual registration. For the patient images, the results were compared with anatomical landmark-based manual registration to qualitatively determine how the results were close to a clinically acceptable registration. NMI and LC outperformed CC and BSMI, with the sense of being closer to a clinically acceptable result. As for the robustness, NMI and BSMI outperformed CC and LC. A guideline of image registration in our institution was given, and final visual assessment is necessary to guarantee reasonable results.
Selenium in Swiss chard grown on sewage sludge-cement kiln dust amended soil

Abstract A liming material is now being applied to agricultural land consisting of cement dust mixed with sewage sludge. Cement dust contains appreciable amounts of fly ash resulting from coal combustion during cement manufacture. Fly ash contains selenium which has been shown to be available to plants. Swiss chard was grown on soil amended with a sewage sludge-cement dust mixture. The plants absorbed significantly higher concentrations of selenium than control plants grown on unamended soil.
Form-finding and analysis of prestressed nets and membranes

Abstract The paper describes procedures for the form-finding, analysis and fabrication patterning of wide span cable net and prestressed membrane roofs. The procedures are based on the Dynamic Relaxation (D.R.) method with kinetic damping. The features of this method which are particularly useful for interactive design are as follows. 1. 1. The process is a simultaneous vector method in which equilibrium and compatibility conditions are numerically de-coupled. This enables, for example, complex material properties, slip links and on/off non-linearities to be easily accounted for, and simplifies the alteration of topology without entailing a complete resetting of the analysis. 2. 2. The kinetic damping process ensures stability in the event of suddenly imposed high residuals following changes in topology, support geometry or specified stresses during form-finding. When these changes are local, disturbances are rapidly dissipated without propagation through the entire surface structure.
RELAY NETWORK DESIGN IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Abstract This paper provides techniques, heuristics, and algorithms for the location of a minimal number of relay points on a highway network that satisfies the driver-distance constraint––a driver leaving a distribution center does not travel for more than t miles before which he/she returns back to the originating point or rests before moving on further. Straight Route and Detour versions are considered. Empirical evaluations of the proposed heuristics on road networks are performed. The results indicate that the Straight Route version is computationally efficient but locates a larger number of relay points than the Detour versions.
A sensitivity assessment of millimeter-wave polarimetry for measurement of magnetic fluctuations associated with microtearing modes in NSTX-U

Recent nonlinear gyrokinetic calculations have indicated that microtearing modes are driven unstable in NSTX (National Spherical Torus experiment) and may account for the observed anomalous electron thermal transport (Guttenfelder et al 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 155004). In order to study magnetic fluctuations of both coherent and incoherent modes, a 288?GHz (????1?mm) polarimeter is under development (Zhang et al 2012 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 10E321) for NSTX-U (NSTX-Upgrade) (Menard et al 2012 Nucl. Fusion 52 083015). The system will utilize a retro-reflective geometry and view the plasma along the major radius close to the midplane. In order to assess whether the system will have sufficient sensitivity to observe microtearing modes in NSTX-U, a synthetic diagnostic code is developed and utilized to determine the expected phase fluctuation level. The fluctuating profiles for density and magnetic field generated by the non-linear gyrokinetic simulation are used as input to the code. Results indicate that the polarimeter phase fluctuation level due to the modeled microtearing modes is ?2?. Utilizing the same model, it was also established that the calculated phase fluctuations are dominated by magnetic, not density fluctuations. This was especially true when the horizontal viewing chord was close (within ?5?cm) to the plasma midplane. These results indicate that the polarimeter planned for NSTX-U should have sufficient sensitivity to observe magnetic fluctuations associated with microtearing modes.
Male parental care and reproductive success in the burying beetle,Nicrophorus orbicollis

Etude de l'effet du comportement attentif et protecteur parental du scarabee N.o. vis-a-vis de sa couvee. Influence des soins maternels ou paternels au niveau du succes reproducteur
Bidirectional effects of aversive learning on perceptual acuity are mediated by the sensory cortex

Although emotional learning affects sensory acuity, little is known about how these changes are facilitated in the brain. We found that auditory fear conditioning in mice elicited either an increase or a decrease in frequency discrimination acuity depending on how specific the learned response was to the conditioned tone. Using reversible pharmacological inactivation, we found that the auditory cortex mediated learning-evoked changes in acuity in both directions.
A practical approach to torsade de pointes

Summary: The term torsade de pointes refers to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that occurs in the setting of an abnormally long QT interval. While the most common cause is treatment with QT prolonging drugs, torsade de pointes also occurs in the congenital long QT syndromes and in the setting of acquired heart block or severe electrolyte disturbance, notably hypokalemia. Among QT prolonging drugs that cause torsade de pointes, both antiarrhythmics and “noncardioactive” drugs have been recognized. The electrocardiographic features of torsade de pointes include labile QT intervals, prominent U waves, and a “pause-dependent” onset of the arrhythmia. Treatment consists of recognition of the syndrome, correction of underlying electrolyte abnormalities, and withdrawal of any offending drugs. Magnesium, isoproterenol, or cardiac pacing provides specific antiarrhythmic therapy in torsade de pointes.
PERINEURAL INVASION AS A PREDICTOR OF BIOCHEMICAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY FOR SELECT MEN WITH CLINICALLY LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER

Purpose: The presence of perineural invasion on the prostate needle biopsy specimen has been suggested to be an independent predictor of prostate specific antigen (PSA) outcome following radical prostatectomy. We evaluated the clinical use of perineural invasion at biopsy for predicting time to PSA failure following radical prostatectomy after controlling for established prognostic factors.Materials and Methods: A prospective evaluation using a Cox regression multivariate analysis of 750 men with clinically localized or PSA detected prostate cancer was performed to evaluate the ability of PSA, biopsy Gleason score, perineural invasion on the needle biopsy specimen and the percent of positive prostate biopsies to predict PSA outcome following radical prostatectomy.Results: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the presence of perineural invasion on the needle biopsy specimen provided additional information regarding 5-year PSA outcome (82% versus 95%, p = 0.04) for patients who were in the low risk group...
Tolerance to the behavioral effects of marihuana in chimpanzees.

Abstract Two experiments were conducted in which adult chimpanzees were first trained to respond under time-based reinforcement schedules that required a temporal spacing of successive responses. The chimpanzees were then given 14 consecutive daily doses of either a totally synthetic Δ 9 - trans -tetrahydrocannabinol ( Δ 9 -THC) or a marihuana extract containing a known amount of Δ 9 -THC. In Experiment 1 the drug dose was increased from 1 mg/kg to 4 mg/kg Δ 9 -THC. The amount of drug repeatedly administered in Experiment 2 was 3 mg/kg Δ 9 -THC. In both experiments the first administration of Δ 9 -THC produced a significant behavioral change from nondrug control responding which was followed in subsequent sessions by the rapid development of tolerance. That is, the behavioral effects intially produced by Δ 9 -THC progressively decreased with repeated drug administrations. Consistent but temporary departures from control responding occurred during postdrug sessions. The possibility that the development of tolerance to marihuana may be, in part, due to the learning of responses which compensate for marihuana-produced behavioral effects was discussed.
Mosaic Evolution of Silk Genes in Aliatypus Trapdoor Spiders (Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae)

Spider silk genes are composed mostly of repetitive sequence that is flanked by non-repetitive terminal regions. Inferences about the evolutionary processes that influenced silk genes have largely been made from analyses using distantly related taxa and ancient silk gene duplicates. These studies have relied on comparisons across the conserved non-repetitive terminal regions to determine orthologous and paralogous relationships, as well as the influence of selection on silk genes. While the repetitive region heavily influences silk fiber mechanical properties, few molecular evolutionary analyses have been conducted on this region due to difficulty in determining homology. Here, we sample internal repetitive and carboxy terminal regions from all extant species of the trapdoor spider genus, Aliatypus. Aliatypus spiders are highly dispersal limited and rely on their silk lined burrow for protection. We determine positional homology across species for the carboxy terminal regions and relative positional homology for the internal repetitive regions. Gene trees based on each of these regions are in good agreement with the Aliatypus species tree, which indicates we sampled single spidroin orthologs in each species. In addition, we find that purifying selection and concerted evolution have acted to conserve Aliatypus spidroin internal repetitive regions. In contrast, selection testing identifies evidence of sites that evolved under positive selection and amino acid replacements that result in radical physicochemical changes in the carboxy terminal region. These findings indicate that comparison of spidroin orthologs across a comprehensive sample of congenerics reveal molecular evolutionary patterns obscured from studies using higher-level sampling of silk encoding genes.
Selected Online Resources for Teaching about Alternative Energy

A collection of energy-related online resources is presented. The topics covered begin with energy basics and extend to alternative energy, including solar energy, fuel cells, wind energy, and biomass energy. Links to the resources are included.
Are there still roles for exocrine bladder drainage and portal venous drainage for pancreatic allografts

Purpose of reviewControversy remains regarding the best methodology of handling exocrine pancreatic fluid and pancreatic venous effluent. Bladder drainage has given way to enteric drainage. However, is there an instance in which bladder drainage is preferable? Also, hyperinsulinemia, as a result of
Nicotine fading, behavioral contracting, and extended treatment: Effects on smoking cessation

Abstract Twenty-eight subjects were randomly allocated to either a nicotine fading or a maintenance condition. The maintenance condition utilized behavioral contracting and extended treatment in addition to the nicotine fading to improve treatment outcome and avoid relapse. The maintenance condition achieved superior outcome on smoking measures at post-treatment and follow-up periods for self-reported smoking levels. Carbon monoxide levels were significantly lower for the maintenace condition at post-treatment, three month and six month follow-up. Saliva thiocyanate levels were significantly lower for the maintenance condition at the three month follow-up. Changes in health functioning indicated significantly lower diastolic and systolic blood pressure at six month follow-up for the maintenance condition. Additional research on nicotine regulation during nicotine fading and thiocyanate levels during experimental smoking would be useful. The use of behavioral contracting to enhance maintenance without therapeutic support warrants further research as well.
Infrared spectrometer: liquid-helium-cooled rocketborne circular-variable filter.

An ir spectrometer used to obtain atmospheric emission spectra from a rocket at altitudes between 45 km and 200 km in the ICECAP Auroral Measurements Program is described. The instrument continuously scans the 6.75-23.2-microm spectral region at the rate of 2 scans/sec. The spectral resolution of the instrument, which employs a circular-variable interference filter (CVF), ranges from 3% to 4%. The entire optical subsection, silicon-arsenic detector, CVF, Irtran 6 lens, baffle, and removable cold cover are cooled below 10 K in a high-vacuum Dewar system. The noise equivalent spectral radiance (NESR) of the spectrometer at 22 ,microm is better than 1 x 10(-11) (W cm(-2)sr(-1)microm(-1)). The dominant high altitude atmospheric emission features observed on two rocket flights were 9.6-microm O(3) and 15-microm CO(2).