cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Flow Regime Identification in a Bubble Column Based on both Kolmogorov Entropy and Quality of Mixedness Derived from CAERPT Data

Computer-automated radioactive particle tracking (CARPT) data obtained in a 0.162 m air-water bubble column operated at ambient pressure have been analysed. The superficial gas velocity (U g ) has been varied in the range 0.02-0.12 m/s under constant liquid height 1.04 m. A perforated plate (82 holes O 0.4 mm, free plate area 0.05%) distributor has been used. The Kolmogorov entropy (KE) vs. U g allows identification of the transition velocity (U trans =0.064 m/s) between bubbly and transition regimes. KE models for both regimes have been also developed. The quality of mixedness (QM) concept shows that QM(upper zone).QM(lower zone) at U trans = 0.064 m/s.
Participation in Workplace Health Promotion Programs: The Contribution of Health and Organizational Factors

Interest in workplace health promotion programs has raised important questions regarding these programs' ability to attract participants. Typically, participation has been examined as a function of personal characteristics of employees. But participa tion in a workplace health promotion program may be influenced as much by organi zational characteristics as by health-related characteristics of employees. This prelimin ary study, conducted at AT&T Communications, used path analysis, a statistical technique for controlling for the effects of causally prior variables, to develop a model of participation. The influence of three sets of factors was detected: (1) Sex of em ployee was significant, with women more likely than men to participate in the pro gram, (2) Increased perceived risk of illness led to decreased health satisfaction which in turn led to increased intention to change health habits culminating in increased participation, and (3) The organizational climate factor of perceived supportiveness of t...
Compatibility of Cephalosporins and Aminogl Ycosides in Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid

Often dialysis -associated peritonitis is treated before the results of cultures are known with a cephalosporin and an aminoglycoside in combination. Because there may be antagonism between the ind...
Computational Assessment of the Dominant Factors Governing the Mechanism of Methanol Dehydration over H-ZSM-5 with Heterogeneous Aluminum Distribution

A van der Waals (vdW) corrected density functional theory (DFT) study of the methanol-to-DME reaction on H-ZSM-5 is conducted for both the associative and dissociative pathways. Calculations are performed for four different active site locations corresponding to Al sitings in sinusoidal and straight channels, and their intersections in the MFI zeolite framework. The Gibbs free energy landscape along the reaction paths computed for a typical set of conditions shows that the associative route is preferred, regardless of Al siting, but a transition in the mechanism from associative to dissociative is observed at higher temperatures. The crossover temperature, however, is not identical for the various active site locations, resulting in a temperature range over which both mechanisms are active. This observation may explain why methoxy, which is the key intermediate along the dissociative pathway, has been observed spectroscopically, whereas kinetic analysis points to dominant contributions of the associative ...
Three-Dimensional Averaged Flow Around Rigid Flapping Wings

The flow over a Zimmerman wing flapping to approximately ±45 is investigated using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry. Velocity snapshots are taken at various phases of the wing for 12 different chordwise locations while flapping at 5 Hz. These snapshots are divided into 50 different phases and the flow at the same phase and location is averaged to create a three-dimensional average flow field. The phase-averaged velocity fields are used to calculate the phase-averaged vorticity of which iso-surfaces are presented. At the chordwise location of the wing tip and the two closest chordwise locations, velocity field measurements were also acquired at a flapping frequency of 10 Hz. The wing is then moved in the y-direction to show the flow further away from the wing, and snapshots are taken at both 5 and 10 Hz at the three chordwise locations just mentioned. The phaseaveraged results of the snapshots taken at both y-locations are then combined to show how vorticity is created by acceleration/deceleration of the wing and spread through diffusion and convection.
Ion Irradiated Amorphous Silicon: A Model Approach to Dynamics of Defect Creation and Annihilation

The dynamics of defect annihilation and creation in amoiphous silicon (a-Si) are measured in detail using defect-related changes in the electrical conductivity of a-Si. A model is proposed which for the first time can track the complete time evolution of defect population across the activation energy spectrum with explicit dependence on irradiation and annealing parameters. The model is based upon experimental activation energy spectrum, bimolecular recombination kinetics, and on the notion of a maximum density of defect states beyond which no additional defects can be supported. The new model predicts transient dynamics in defect population and describes structure of the defect population in detail. Its predictions are in good qualitative agreement, and in reasonable quantitative agreement with experimental data.
A Librarian's Guide to the Securities and Exchange Commission's Filings

This article is intended to enlighten reference librarians on the major Securities and Exchange Commission filings. It is by no means a comprehensive overview of the 200 plus filings a company can make to the SEC. It discusses the documents which contain items such as executive remuneration, income statement, balance sheet, and President's letter to the shareholders. It also contains links to web sites and value-added services. Although the way in which companies will be filing may be different in the not too distant future, this article is intended to document the way things were filed. It is a guide to the present and historical filings.
Searching for Peace in New Places

We attribute the complexity of establishing peace to the interlocking webs of influence, institutions, and relationships of security, economy, and cultural diversity that make up our world today. However, in this article I wish to explore that this complexity is not just “out there” but is part of the life of each Christian and each minister in the church. Postmodern life plunges us into new forms of social living. These new forms shift what Charles Taylor calls our “social imaginaries,” or how we imagine our social existence (Taylor, 25). This article will suggest that such shifts call us to redefine and refocus how we imagine our moral commitment to peace and how we understand the multiple contexts for doing so. People today find addressing social issues like peace difficult because they distrust both the information they receive regarding the world and the leaders who provide it. Few people believe that world leaders really mean what they say. On a less global level, people of good will often feel this same loss of clarity regarding what it means to “do the truth.” Before the complexity of modern living, the questions of how to be faithful and how to establish credibility before the multiple expectations of modern society are taunted by a feeling there is really nothing that can be done. This attitude gives rise to a decision not to address problems beyond the routines of the expected. Since the truth is one of the important
Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Mumps in Sujiatun District of Shenyang City from 2005 to 2010

[Objective]To learn the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Sujiatun district of Shenyang city,provide the accurate basis for developing the control measures and evaluating the implementation effect. [Methods]The epidemic data of mumps in this district were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. [Results]From 2005 to 2010,the average annual reported incidence of mumps was 62.46/lakh,and there was significant difference in annual reported incidence among different years(P0.005).The cases occurred in January,November and December accounted for 41.54% of all cases,which indicated that there was an obvious season peak.The average annual reported incidence in males and females was 76.22/lakh and 48.34/lakh respectively(P0.005),and the male-to-female ratio was 1.62∶1.Student and kindergarten children respectively accounted for 58.16% and 27.23% of all cases,which showed an obvious occupational peak.85.40% of cases were children aged 3~14 years old,which indicated that there was an obvious age peak. [Conclusion]It is necessary to strengthen the organization to implement the prevention and control measures,carry out health promotion and health education to improve the mumps vaccination in right age population,strengthen the early warning to discover the epidemic situation,and implement the emergency treatment of outbreaks to control the intensity of outbreaks.
Expression of HERV-K proviruses in human leukocytes

HERV-K is a 50-copy, human endogenous, class 1 retroviral element that contains some polycistrons with gag, pol, and env open reading frames. Although expression of HERV-K proviruses has been shown in cultured human cell lines, expression of these elements has not been shown in human blood leukocytes. Using both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and ribonuclease protection techniques, we show HERV-K pol gene expression in human blood leukocytes. Expression in blood leukocytes from 7 normal individuals was from a variety of different HERV-K proviruses, while restricted expression was observed in blood cells of 5 leukemia patients and 3 polycythemia vera patients. Evidence is presented suggesting that the restricted expression in leukemia blood cells is a result of gene regulation, not gene amplification.
Analysis of surveillance of iodine deficiency disorders between township and rural areas in Gansu province

为了解全民食盐加碘实施10年后甘肃省碘缺乏病防治状况及进程,评价乡村两级人群碘营养状况,为今后甘肃省实现科学补碘和可持续消除碘缺乏病提供科学依据,于2005年开展了乡村两级碘缺乏病调查。
Pediatric intraocular immature teratoma associated with sacrococcygeal teratoma: case report and review of the literature

Abstract Intraocular teratomas are rare neoplasms with only three previously reported cases. We present the fourth case of intraocular teratoma and the second associated with sacrococcygeal teratoma. While the nature of the association between intraocular teratomas and sacrococcygeal teratomas is unclear it suggests a need for careful ophthalmologic follow-up of infants with congenital sacrococcygeal teratomas.
May-Thurner syndrome presenting as spontaneous left iliac vein rupture.

Spontaneous iliac vein rupture resulting in a retroperitoneal hematoma is extremely rare and can present as a life-threatening emergency. There is often a delay in diagnosis with no established treatment recommendations. We report the case of a 39-year-old woman who presented with hypovolemic shock, a large left retroperitoneal hematoma, and left lower extremity phlegmasia in the setting of a previously asymptomatic May-Thurner syndrome. She was successfully treated with a combined open and endovascular approach. We also reviewed the literature on the evolution of diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition and present our recommendations for management.
Custom 16-channel, 12-bit, 500MHz ADC module for the KOTO experiment at J-PARC

This paper presents a 16-Channel, 12-Bit, 500 MHz ADC/Data Processing Module, designed for the KOTO Experiment at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Few hundreds of this 6U VME board will receive signals from various detectors of the apparatus, and will be the digitizing modules in the Experiment's Data Acquisition System (DAQ). In KOTO, the main ADC/DAQ system runs at a 125 MHz simultaneous sampling rate, provided by one low jitter system clock. The 500 MHz ADC Module receives this system clock and multiplies its frequency by four with an internal PLL. The 16 analog input pulses are passed to 8 dual channel ADC chips (ADS5407). After sampling, data are processed locally with two Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). The module is equipped with a pipeline up to 40us (20,480 samples) long, where digitized values are stored, awaiting the system Level 1 trigger. After the trigger, data are packed and buffered for readout. The readout can be performed via the VME32/64 backplane, or via the two front panel QSFPs at rates of up to 48Gbps. Designed specifically for the KOTO Experiment, this module can also be used in many other Physics applications. The design and preliminary test results will be described.
Quasi-DC electrical discharge characterization in a supersonic flow

A Quasi-DC (Q-DC) electrical discharge generates a highly transient filamentary plasma in high-speed airflow. Major specific properties of this type of discharge are realized due to a strong coupling of the plasma to the moving gas. The plasma, supplied by a DC voltage waveform, demonstrates a pulsed-periodic pattern of dynamics significantly affecting the flow structure. In this study, the dynamics and plasma parameters of the Q-DC discharge are analyzed in the Supersonic Test Rig (SBR-50) at the University of Notre Dame at Mach number M = 2, stagnation pressure P 0 = (0.9–2.6) × 105 Pa, stagnation temperature T 0 = 300 K, unit Reynolds number ReL = 7–25 × 106 m−1, and plasma power W pl = 3–21 kW. The plasma parameters are measured with current–voltage probes and optical emission spectroscopy. An unsteady pattern of interaction is depicted by high-speed image capturing. The result of the plasma-flow interaction is characterized by means of pressure measurements and schlieren visualization. It is considered that the Q-DC discharge may be employed for active control of duct-driven flows, cavity-based flow, and for effective control of shock wave–boundary layer interaction.
Moving On From Permanent Supportive Housing: Facilitating Factors and Barriers Among People With Histories of Homelessness

This study explored factors promoting and impeding formerly homeless permanent supportive housing tenants from moving into more independent community housing. Interviews were conducted with 10 current and 11 former residents. Facilitators included support received during supportive housing tenure, a focus on set goals, supportive housing as a stepping-stone, and a willingness to fight for what they hope to accomplish. Barriers included lack of affordability and rental assistance, fear of becoming homeless again, unacceptability of available housing, and limited help facilitating the transition. Permanent supportive housing residents may benefit from expanded use of support received during tenure. Affordability will likely remain a barrier. Given federal disinvestment in rental subsidies, growth in locally funded programs and other strategies will likely be required.
Parenting Stress through the Lens of Different Clinical Groups: a Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis

Research has demonstrated an association between parenting stress and child behavior problems, and suggested levels of parenting stress are higher among parents of children at risk for behavior problems, such as those with autism and developmental delay (ASD/DD). The goal of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of parenting stress and child behavior problems among different clinical groups (i.e., ASD/DD, chronic illness, with or at-risk for behavioral and/or mood disorders). We also examined demographic and methodological variables as moderators and differences in overall levels of parenting stress between the clinical groups. This systematic review documents a link between parenting stress and child behavior problems with an emphasis on externalizing behavior. One-hundred thirty-three studies were included for quantitative analysis. Parenting stress was more strongly related to child externalizing (weighted ES r = 0.57, d = 1.39) than internalizing (weighted ES r = 0.37, d = 0.79) problems. Moderation analyses indicated that the association between parenting stress and behavior problems was stronger among studies which had mostly male and clinic-recruited samples. Overall, parenting stress levels were higher for parents of children with ASD/DD compared to parents of children from other clinical groups. Findings document the association between parenting stress and child behavior problems and highlight the importance of assessing parenting stress as part of routine care and throughout behavioral intervention programs, especially for groups of children at high risk for behavior problems, such as children with ASD/DD, in order to identify support for both the parent(s) and child.
Solvent Degradation and Emissions from a 0.7MWe Pilot CO 2 Capture System with Two-Stage Stripping

Abstract The UKy-CAER team successfully tested an advanced 0.7 MWe post-combustion CO 2 capture system on a coal-fired power plant using a heat integration process combined with two-stage stripping to enhance the CO 2 absorber performance. One of the unique feature of the UKy-CAER integrated process is a two-stage stripping unit for solvent regeneration. The secondary stripper is empowered by the heat rejection from a conventional steam-heated (primary) stripper. The secondary stripper outlet stream at the commercial scale can be used as boiler secondary combustion air, consequently enriching the flue gas with CO 2 , resulting in less energy penalty required by the CO 2 capture system. The primary goal of this study was to form an initial assessment of the impact on the amine solvent from coal combustion flue gas contaminants and the potential higher oxygen content in the solvent due to incorporation of the secondary air stripper into the conventional amine scrubber/stripper system. The overall oxidative degradation was comparable to previous reports with 30 wt% MEA solvent at similar flue gas run hours. This suggests that the addition of the secondary air stripper appears to be negligible with regards to solvent oxidation.
γ-Aminobutyric Acid and µ-Opioid Receptor Localization and Adaptation in the Basal Forebrain

The projection from the nucleus accumbens to ventral pallidum has been functionally implicated in the integration of motivation and locomotion, since the limbic system and the extrapyramidal motor system interconnect in this projection (Mogenson et al., 1980). The nucleus accumbens receives innervation from dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra (Fallon and Moore, 1978; Gerfen et al., 1987) and projects topographically onto the ventral pallidum (Conrad and Pfaff, 197 6; Nauta et al., 1978; Mogenson et al., 1983; Groenewegen and Russchen, 1984). The projection from nucleus accumbens to ventral pallidum appears to contain γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and enkephalin. Electrolytic lesions of the nucleus accumbens significantly decreased glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the synthetic enzyme for GABA, in the ventral pallidum (Walaas and Fonnum, 1979) and ibotenic acid lesions of the nucleus accumbens significantly decreased enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the ventral pallidum (Zaborszky et al., 1985).
Rethinking Causality in Biological and Neural Mechanisms: Constraints and Control

Existing accounts of mechanistic causation are not suited for understanding causation in biological and neural mechanisms because they do not have the resources to capture the unique causal structure of control heterarchies. In this paper, we provide a new account on which the causal powers of mechanisms are grounded by time-dependent, variable constraints. Constraints can also serve as a key bridge concept between the mechanistic approach to explanation and underappreciated work in theoretical biology that sheds light on how biological systems channel energy to actively respond to the environment in adaptive ways, perform work, and fulfill the requirements to maintain themselves far from equilibrium. We show how the framework applies to several concrete examples of control in simple organisms as well as the nervous system of complex organisms.
Brief Report: Control in Highly Focused Top-Spinning

used in studies of early play, master-motivation; and self-instruction in typical and atypical children (Berkson, 1993, pp. 188-191, 215, 304-306). This paper reports the results of three studies that analyzed stimulus feedback and Control aspects of one object stereotypy, top-spinning. The first study explored feedback from spinning tops, while the second and third emphasized the Control concept.
Strategic Analysis of Nonprofit Production

Despite their importance as providers of services and social goods, nonprofit organizations have not been well-integrated into strategic analysis. A lack of clarity about nonprofit objectives and m...
Modeling associations between chemosensation, liking for fats and sweets, dietary behaviors and body mass index in chronic smokers.

Chronic smokers have a greater risk for altered chemosensation, unhealthy dietary patterns, and excessive adiposity. In an observational study of chronic smokers, we modeled relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, smoking-associated dietary behaviors, and body mass index (BMI). Also tested in the model was liking for sweet electronic cigarette juice (e-juice). Smokers (n = 135, 37 ± 11 years) were measured for: Taste genetics (intensity of 6-n-propylthiouracil—PROP); taste (NaCl and quinine intensities) and olfactory (odor identification) function; liking for cherry e-juice; and weight/height to calculate BMI. Smokers survey-reported their food liking and use of smoking for appetite/weight control. Structural equation models tested direct and indirect relationships between chemosensation, fat/carbohydrate liking, dietary behaviors, and BMI. In good-fitting models, taste intensity was linked to BMI variation through fat/carbohydrate liking (greater PROP intensity→greater NaCl intensity→greater food liking→higher BMI). Olfactory function tended to predict sweet e-juice liking, which, in turn, partially mediated the food liking and BMI association. The path between smoking-associated dietary behaviors and BMI was direct and independent of chemosensation or liking. These findings indicate that taste associates with BMI in chronic smokers through liking of fats/carbohydrates. Future research should determine if vaping sweet e-juice could improve diet quality and adiposity for smokers.
McDermott, Lydia M. Liminal Bodies, Reproductive Health, and Feminist Rhetoric: Searching the Negative Spaces in Histories of Rhetoric. Lanham, Lexington Books, 2016. 173 pp. $80.00 (hardback), $76.00 (paperback). ISBN-13: 978-1-4985-1339-5.

In Liminal Bodies, Lydia M. McDermott challenges readers to contemplate what constitutes rhetoric by theorizing what has been missing in scholarly conversations dating back to the Sophists more tha...
Flexible and practical parallel implementation for coupled elastoplastic geomechanics and non-isothermal flow

Abstract We develop a parallel code for coupled non-isothermal flow and elastoplastic geomechanics. We mainly focus on flexible and pragmatic parallel code development and its scalability. Specifically, beginning with uncoupled individual serial codes of non-isothermal flow and geomechanics, we primarily implement MPI (Message Passing Interface) for matrix assembly and parallel solvers, particularly using the PETSc library codes while using OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) for other miscellaneous subroutines to prevent significant overheads. We consider various matrix decomposition schemes for preconditioning parallel solvers as well as assigning computation loads to different CPU cores. For the coupled simulation, we take the fixed-stress sequential method, which allows the coupling between two simulators with least efforts of code development. As a result, the parallel code can easily be developed within a short period of time. In numerical experiments, we take more than one million cells to investigate parallel performance. For both flow and geomechanics, the parallelization largely reduces the overall simulation execution time with scalable speedups. The matrix decomposition methods have effects on execution time and solver performance, which implies that appropriate matrix decomposition is important for computational efficiency and scalability. We also find that the scalability of the parallel coupled simulator by the sequential method can honor the scalability of individual parallel simulators. Still, plasticity can cause imbalance in the parallel environment of geomechanics simulation.
“Something Like a Whole”: The Utopian Promise of Queer Retrosexuality

This chapter theorizes the relationship between queer of color critique and the politics of utopia through a framework of “queer retrosexuality”: the narrative return to historical primal scenes of pre-Stonewall persecution that subtend post-Stonewall literary and cultural LGBT productions. What motivates this return to the wounds and bruises of history? In what sense can this return be paradoxically theorized as reparatively utopian and thus a hopeful critical practice that promises pleasure-seeking possibilities? Theorizing these questions in relation to Samuel Delany’s memoir, The Motion of Light in Water (1988) as emblematic of queer of color critique, the chapter attends to the complex historiographical possibilities that become available when the intersecting vectors of race and sexuality frame our theorizations of utopian political and historical projects.
Omental Lymph Node Transfer for Lymphedema Patients: A Systematic Review.

Lymph node transfer is a surgical treatment that is becoming more prevalent. The lymph nodes from the groin and neck are most frequently used. Iatrogenic lymphedema can be a consequence of the dissection of the groin nodes; thus, some surgeons prefer to use the neck as a donor site. Literature reporting surgical algorithms for the treatment of lymphedema is scarce. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of vascularized omentum lymph node transfer (VOLT) in patients with lymphedema to provide more information about this increasingly common procedure. We hypothesize that the analyzed studies will show that VOLT has positive outcomes. Two reviewers (G.J.C., D.B.) performed independent searches using the PubMed database without timeframe limitations initially through title and abstract descriptions and then by full-text review. The search was done using the following keywords: Breast cancer lymphedema OR lymphedema AND lymph node transfer OR lymph node flap OR lymph node graft AND omental OR omentum OR gastroepiploic. Eligibility criteria included publications evaluating patients with lymphedema in the upper extremity and lower extremity, who underwent VOLT. Our search yielded 35 potential papers in the literature, but only six studies fulfilled the study eligibility criteria. The total number of patients was 137. Three studies described single VOLT, two studies described double VOLT and one study described two cohort patients, one that was treated with single VOLT and another one that was treated with double VOLT. Postoperative reduction of arm circumference, arm volume, and symptoms of the upper extremity were reported in all patients. Nonetheless, in one study, seven patients did not notice any extremity circumference reduction during the follow-up period and four patients noticed an increase in arm volume. Flap loss was reported by two authors in a total of two patients. Overall, patients experienced successful lymphedema treatment with VOLT. All authors presented results with reduced circumferential size of the affected upper and lower limbs, as well as reduction of the infectious intercurrences, such as cellulitis, with a small incidence of associated complications.
The Effect of Dispatch Strategy on Maintaining the Economic Viability of PV-based Microgrids

Utilizing Photovoltaic (PV) energy generation within smart microgrids, where these resources and nearby loads are efficiently controlled, is one of the best methods to allow higher penetrations of PV energy. The ultimate goal of this study is to economically allow the utilization of higher penetrations of PV energy within microgrids despite any diesel price reduction. Recent global reductions in PV systems prices enabled the economic superiority of PV-based microgrids over conventional diesel- based microgrids [2], In this paper the effect of diesel price drop on the economic optimality of these PV-based microgrids is studied. Then, the benefit of varying the dispatch strategy used by the microgrid controller in maintaining the techno-economic optimum configurations of these microgrids as PV-utilizing microgrids, is proven.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Testbed Vulnerabilities and Attacks

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems have been in use for many years. They are used to remotely monitor and control Industrial Control Systems (ICS) such as gas pipelines, power plants, train systems, and water treatment plants. In recent years, SCADA systems have been targets of malicious cyber-attacks. The standard communication protocol used within many SCADA systems, Modbus TCP/IP, is not secure. In this paper, we conduct cyber-attacks on a pre-implemented SCADA Testbed which uses the Modbus TCP/IP protocol to show the possible effects on real-world SCADA systems.
Successful transition from bortezomib subcutaneous to generic intravenous bortezomib: Cost savings initiative with global economic impact.

e19375Background: It is estimated that the U.S. will spend $370 billion in 2019 on pharmaceuticals and by 2020 the cost of cancer care will be approximately 158 billion. Cost containment strategies...
Adolescent Cannabis Use and Perceived Social Norm Trends Pre- and Post-Implementation of Washington State’s Liberalized Recreational Cannabis Policy: Healthy Youth Survey, 2008–2018

This study examined trends in adolescent perceptions of social norms pertaining to adolescent cannabis use, in relation to past 30-day adolescent cannabis use, and was interpreted in light of Washington State’s liberalized recreational cannabis policy (LRCP: 2012). Data come from Washington’s Healthy Youth Survey (HYS), collected during even-numbered years between 2008 and 2018, with methods-stabilized surveys of school-attending youths in grades 8, 10, and 12. This study used an aggregate state census sample of n = 325,723. Year-specific social norms and cannabis use proportions were estimated, stratified by grade. Regression analyses assessed associations between social norms and recent cannabis use. The proportion of recent adolescent cannabis use during the initial years post-LRCP in Washington State remained relatively stable or trended downward slightly; however, 2018 data may indicate a slight upward trend for 10th and 8th graders. Cannabis use by a close friend consistently paralleled adolescent cannabis use trends. The proportion of youth reporting parental acceptance of, and overall community acceptance of, adolescent cannabis use trended slightly upward in 2014 (post-LRCP implementation) but, since, has remained stable or declined slightly. Adolescent self-acceptance of youth cannabis use increased steadily for high school students between 2008 and 2014, edged downward in 2016, and then trended back upward for 8th and 10th graders in 2018. Perceived parental acceptance remained statistically associated with adolescent cannabis use across grades and years, with the strength of associations edging up. Ongoing monitoring of substance use and related risk factor trends will be needed to understand the impacts of LRCPs.
Experimental approaches to tracking mobile genetic elements in microbial communities

Horizontal gene transfer is an important mechanism of microbial evolution and is often driven by the movement of mobile genetic elements between cells. Due to the fact that microbes live within communities, various mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer and types of mobile elements can co-occur. However, the ways in which horizontal gene transfer impacts and is impacted by communities containing diverse mobile elements has been challenging to address. Thus, the field would benefit from incorporating community-level information and novel approaches alongside existing methods. Emerging technologies for tracking mobile elements and assigning them to host organisms provide promise for understanding the web of potential DNA transfers in diverse microbial communities more comprehensively. Compared to existing experimental approaches, chromosome conformation capture and methylome analyses have the potential to simultaneously study various types of mobile elements and their associated hosts. We also briefly discuss how fermented food microbiomes, given their experimental tractability and moderate species complexity, make ideal models to which to apply the techniques discussed herein and how they can be used to address outstanding questions in the field of horizontal gene transfer in microbial communities.
Mineralogical differences in populations of Thais lapillus Linné (Gastropoda: Prosobranchiata).

Auf Grund des Verhaltnisses Calcit/Aragonit in den Schalen vonThais lapillus konnen die 5 Populationen aus den Gewassern von New England in 2 Gruppen (5.99–6.77 und 14.50–18.25) aufgeteilt werden, was mit den morphologischen Eigenschaften dieser Schneckenschalen korreliert ist. Das Alter des Gastropods und die Wassertemperatur scheinen keinen Einfluss auf das Verhaltnis Calcit/Aragonit der vorliegeneden Art zu haben. Ob andere Umweltfaktoren dabei beteiligt sind, bedarf noch weiterer Untersuchungen.
MDPET: A Unified Motion Correction and Denoising Adversarial Network for Low-Dose Gated PET

In positron emission tomography (PET), gating is commonly utilized to reduce respiratory motion blurring and to facilitate motion correction methods. In application where low-dose gated PET is useful, reducing injection dose causes increased noise levels in gated images that could corrupt motion estimation and subsequent corrections, leading to inferior image quality. To address these issues, we propose MDPET, a unified motion correction and denoising adversarial network for generating motion-compensated low-noise images from low-dose gated PET data. Specifically, we proposed a Temporal Siamese Pyramid Network (TSP-Net) with basic units made up of 1.) Siamese Pyramid Network (SP-Net), and 2.) a recurrent layer for motion estimation among the gates. The denoising network is unified with our motion estimation network to simultaneously correct the motion and predict a motion-compensated denoised PET reconstruction. The experimental results on human data demonstrated that our MDPET can generate accurate motion estimation directly from low-dose gated images and produce high-quality motion-compensated low-noise reconstructions. Comparative studies with previous methods also show that our MDPET is able to generate superior motion estimation and denoising performance. Our code is available at https://github.com/bbbbbbzhou/MDPET .
Experimental tests of rotation sensitivity in Cosserat elasticity and in gravitation

Experimental tests of rotation sensitivity in elastic materials and in empty space are surveyed. Pioneers in the theory for each field of study were aware of the other field. Sensitivity to rotation has been demonstrated experimentally in elastic solids but tests for rotation gradient sensitivity in gravity have found no such effects. Insight from comparison of experimental approaches may lead to new experimental protocols.
SUPPORT-AF IV: Supporting use of AC through provider prompting about oral anticoagulation therapy for AF clinical trial study protocol

Background Six million Americans suffer from atrial fibrillation (AF), a heart rhythm abnormality that significantly increases the risk of stroke. AF is responsible for 15% of ischemic strokes, which lead to permanent disability in 60% of cases and death in up to 20%. Anticoagulation (AC) is the mainstay for stroke prevention in patients with AF. Despite guidelines recommending AC for patients, up to half of eligible patients are not on AC. Clinical decision support tools in the electronic health record (EHR) can help bridge the disparity in AC prescription for patients with AF. Objective To enhance and assess the effectiveness of our previous rule-based alert on AC initiation and persistence in a diverse patient population from UMass-Memorial Medical Center and University of Florida at Jacksonville. Methods/Results Using the EHR, we will track AC initiation and persistence. We will interview both patients and providers to determine a measure of satisfaction with AC management. We will track digital crumbs to better understand the alert's mechanism of effect and further add enhancements. These enhancements will be used to refine the alert and aid in developing an implementation toolkit to facilitate use of the alert at other health systems. Conclusion If the number of AC starts, the likelihood of persisting on AC, and the frequency alert use are found to be higher among intervention vs control providers, we believe such findings will confirm our hypothesis on the effectiveness of our alert.
On the electrical passivity of astrocyte potassium conductance.

Predominant expression of leak-type K+ channels provides astrocytes a high membrane permeability to K+ ions and a hyperpolarized membrane potential that are crucial for astrocyte function in brain ...
CDKN2A loss-of-function predicts immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) improves outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) though most patients progress. There are limited data regarding molecular predictors of progression. In particular, there is controversy regarding the role of CDKN2A loss-of-function (LOF) in ICB resistance. We analyzed 139 consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent NGS prior to ICB initiation to explore the association of CDKN2A LOF with clinical outcomes. 73% were PD-L1 positive (≥ 1%). 48% exhibited high TMB (≥ 10 mutations/megabase). CDKN2A LOF was present in 26% of patients and was associated with inferior PFS (multivariate hazard ratio [MVA-HR] 1.66, 95% CI 1.02–2.63, p = 0.041) and OS (MVA-HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.21–3.49, p = 0.0087) when compared to wild-type (WT) patients. These findings held in patients with high TMB (median OS, LOF vs. WT 10.5 vs. 22.3 months; p = 0.069) and PD-L1 ≥ 50% (median OS, LOF vs. WT 11.1 vs. 24.2 months; p = 0.020), as well as in an independent dataset. CDKN2A LOF vs. WT tumors were twice as likely to experience disease progression following ICB (46% vs. 21%; p = 0.021). CDKN2A LOF negatively impacts clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC treated with ICB, even in high PD-L1 and high TMB tumors. This novel finding should be prospectively validated and presents a potential therapeutic target.
Sonographic Evaluation of Ureterectasis in Children: The Significance of Peristalsis

AbstractThe presence or absence of ureteral peristalsis was noted during real-time sonography of 61 dilated ureters in children. The findings were correlated with diagnoses established using standard radiographic and radionuclide imaging techniques. Of the 47 dilated ureters that exhibited peristalsis 44 were classified as not obstructed when assessed with standard imaging and functional studies. The most frequent etiology for ureteral dilatation associated with peristalsis was high grade vesicoureteral reflux (31 ureters). Three peristaltic ureters were shown to be mildly to moderately obstructed. Absence of peristalsis was noted in 14 ureters: 13 were severely obstructed, while in 1 the involved kidney had no function. In the pediatric age group the demonstration of peristalsis in a dilated ureter is frequently associated with vesicoureteral reflux and is seldom associated with obstruction. Obstruction, if present, usually is mild. Aperistaltic ureterectasis implies severe obstruction or poor renal func...
Computing an approximate jam/fold equilibrium for 3-player no-limit Texas Hold'em tournaments

A recent paper computes near-optimal strategies for two-player no-limit Texas hold'em tournaments; however, the techniques used are unable to compute equilibrium strategies for tournaments with more than two players. Motivated by the widespread popularity of multiplayer tournaments and the observation that jam/fold strategies are nearoptimal in the two player case, we develop an algorithm that computes approximate jam/fold equilibrium strategies in tournaments with three --- and potentially even more --- players. Our algorithm combines an extension of fictitious play to imperfect information games, an algorithm similar to value iteration for solving stochastic games, and a heuristic from the poker community known as the Independent Chip Model which we use as an initialization. Several ways of exploiting suit symmetries and the use of custom indexing schemes made the approach computationally feasible. Aside from the initialization and the restriction to jam/fold strategies, our high level algorithm makes no poker-specific assumptions and thus also applies to other multiplayer stochastic games of imperfect information.
Differential expression of F-actin in in utero fetal wounds.

Fetal skin possesses the capacity to heal a wound by a process of regeneration rather than repair, resulting in the absence of scar formation. The actin cytoskeleton may be involved in this process of scar-free wound healing. The effect of wounding on the expression of contractile filamentous actin (F-actin) was investigated in utero in mice between embryonic day 16 (E16) and embryonic day 18 (E18). Increased F-actin staining in the epidermis of the E16 fetal wounds was observed as early as 3 hours post-wounding, peaking in intensity after 24 hours. By 48 hours the intensity of staining had returned to background levels. In marked contrast, E18 fetal wounds did not show increased epidermal F-actin fluorescence, instead increased staining was observed in cells lying perpendicular to the wound margin within the dermis. This developmental switch from epidermal actin expression in “scar-free” fetal wounds to dermal actin expression in late “scar-forming” gestation wounds may be important in fetal wound contraction and scar-free wound repair.
Fine motor and self-care milestones for individuals with Down syndrome using a Retrospective Chart Review.

Background Developmental milestone markers for fine motor and self-care skills among children with Down syndrome (DS) are either minimal, anecdotal or out-of date. Our goal was to produce normative expectations for the development of fine motor and self-care milestones specific to children with DS. Method A cross-sectional retrospective chart review was completed on 274 children with DS seen at a specialty clinic that ranged in age from 4 months to 18 years. Specific skills were assessed at occupational therapy assessments as either present or absent, including fine motor, handwriting, scissor usage, self-feeding and clothing management. Results Fine motor milestones describing when 10-30% ('early achievers') and 75-95% ('representative achievement') of children with DS had mastered each skill were developed based upon descriptive review. As the fine motor and self-care skills advanced in complexity, the range of ages for documented skill acquisition was observed to increase. Conclusions Age ranges for the mastery of fine motor developmental milestones for early and representative achievement were developed based upon descriptive analysis of cross-sectional retrospective clinical chart reviews. That the age range for mastering fine motor and self-care skills broadens as children with DS get older is in agreement with what is identified in the DS behavioural phenotype with regard to variable motor skills overall. These fine motor and self-care developmental milestone markers contribute to the field by informing parents, caregivers and healthcare providers of potential fine motor and self-care outcomes and describing normative development for children with DS.
Discrete-Time LQR and H 2 Damping Control of Flexible Payloads Using a Robot Manipulator With a Wrist-Mounted Force/Torque Sensor

This paper presents robust and optimal control methods to suppress vibrations of flexible payloads carried by robotic systems. A new improved estimator in discrete-time H2 optimal control design based on the Kalman Filter predictor form is developed here. Two control design methods using state-space models, LQR and H2 Optimal Design, in discrete-time domain are applied and compared. The manipulator joint encoders and the wrist-mounted six-degree-of-freedom force/torque sensor provide the control feedback. A complete dynamic model of the robot/payload system is taken into account to synthesize the controllers. Experimental verifications of both methods are performed using a Mitsubishi five-degree-of-freedom robot manipulator that carries a flexible beam. It is shown that both methods damp out the vibrations of the payload very effectively.
Fungi Eucalyptorum Novazelandiae: Septoria pulcherrima sp. nov. and Trimmatostroma bifarium sp. nov.

Abstract Two new leaf-spot fungi, Septoria pulcherrima on Eucalyptus nitens and Trimmatostroma bifarium on E. regnans are described. S. pulcherrima produces characteristic bright cannine spots on leaves and has conidia measuring 30–60 × 3–4 μ-m with an obtuse apex and a truncate base. T. bifarium is characterised by its conidia (measuring 12–24 × 6–14 μ-m) with 2, parallel and discrete to laterally fused, rows of cells (3–5 cells per row) arising from a common, thickened base.
On the Duality of Information-Centric and Activity-Centric Models of Business Processes

Most of the work in modeling business processes is activity-centric. Recently, an information-centric approach to business process modeling has emerged, where a business process is modeled as the interacting life cycles of information entities. The benefits of this approach are documented in a number of case studies. The goal of this paper is to formalize the information-centric approach and derive the relationships between the two approaches. We do this by formally defining the notion of a business entity from first principles and using this definition to derive an algorithm that generates an information-centric process model from an activity-centric model. We illustrate the two models using a real-world business process and provide an analysis of the respective strengths and weaknesses of the two modeling approaches.
A stereo matching process for the recovery of depth information

The authors present a stereo matching method that matches the Walsh coefficients for the recovery of the depth information in two-dimensional images. In this method, a stereo pair of images is transformed into the Walsh series and then decomposed into a pair of strings, carrying the first eight coefficients of the Walsh series as attributes. In order to explicitly integrate the uniqueness and the ordering constraints into the matching process, a string-to-string matching technique is applied to bring the two strings into correspondence. The experimental results obtained show that this method presents a very effective approach to the recovery of the depth information. >
Channel masking synthesis for efficient on-chip test compression

The effectiveness of on-product test compression methods is degraded by the capture of unknown logic states ("X-states") by the scan elements. This work describes a simple but cost-effective solution called channel masking that masks the X-states and allows test compression methods to be widely deployed on a variety of designs. It also discusses various aspects of the channel masking hardware and the synthesis and validation methodology to support its use in a typical design flow. Results are presented to show its effectiveness on some large industrial designs.
Doppler images of abundance features on θ Aurigae

Doppler images of the silicon and chromium distribution on the magnetic Ap star θ Aurigae are presented. The silicon distribution consists of a small depleted spot which is at latitude + 50° and is coincident in longitude with the negative magnetic pole. There is also a ring-like enhanced feature of radius 50°-90° and centered on the depleted spot. This ring is apparently located near the magnetic equator. This distribution is that expected from selective diffusion of silicon in the presence of a predominantly dipolar magnetic field.