cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Regulation by 3'-Untranslated Regions.

3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) are the noncoding parts of mRNAs. Compared to yeast, in humans, median 3′-UTR length has expanded approximately tenfold alongside an increased generation of alternative 3′-UTR isoforms. In contrast, the number of coding genes, as well as coding region length, has remained similar. This suggests an important role for 3′-UTRs in the biology of higher organisms. 3′-UTRs are best known to regulate diverse fates of mRNAs, including degradation, translation, and localization, but they can also function like long noncoding or small RNAs, as has been shown for whole 3′-UTRs as well as for cleaved fragments. Furthermore, 3′-UTRs determine the fate of proteins through the regulation of protein–protein interactions. They facilitate cotranslational protein complex formation, which establishes a role for 3′-UTRs as evolved eukaryotic operons. Whereas bacterial operons promote the interaction of two subunits, 3′-UTRs enable the formation of protein complexes with diverse compositions. ...
The use of Singapore flaps for vaginal reconstruction in women with vaginal stenosis with obstetric fistula: a surgical technique.

Gynecologic and plastic surgeons collaborate to improve vaginal reconstruction for women with vaginal stenosis and obstetric fistula. As these cases occur typically in low-resource settings, the Singapore flap is a useful technique given its reliability, safety, ease of dissection, and minimal need for additional supplies. The fasciocutaneous flap maintains cutaneous innervation and vasculature and does not require stenting. The surgical collaboration has made it possible to provide functional vaginal reconstruction as a part of the overall care of obstetric fistula patients. The technique shows promise for improving sexual function for women with obstetric fistula and may also enhance healing. Tweetable abstract Gynecologic & plastic surgeons collaborate to improve vaginal reconstruction for women with obstetric fistula.
Composition as pattern

I argue for patternism, a new answer to the question of when some objects compose a whole. None of the standard principles of composition comfortably capture our natural judgments, such as that my cat exists and my table exists, but there is nothing wholly composed of them. Patternism holds, very roughly, that some things compose a whole whenever together they form a “real pattern”. Plausibly we are inclined to acknowledge the existence of my cat and my table but not of their fusion, because the first two have a kind of internal organizational coherence that their putative fusion lacks. Kolmogorov complexity theory supplies the needed rigorous sense of “internal organizational coherence”.
The physical significance of the reciprocal lattice of crystals.

Since the discovery of Laue in 1912, the diffraction of X rays through crystals has been considered as an interference effect of waves, controlled by the Laue and Bragg rules for the direction of the diffraction maxima and supplemented by rules connecting the relative intensity of the maxima with the Fourier wave analysis of the matter distribution within the basic lattice cell. In spite of the great success of the classical wave theory it must not be forgotten, however, that the quantum theory considers waves only as a one-sided working hypothesis opposed by the hypothesis of mechanical particles. The uncertainty principle delimits the applicability of the classical theories in microscopic dimensions. There are many large-scale phenomena, however, among them the diffraction of a broad ray of light (or a cathode ray) through a large-sized crystal, which may be derived from either classical hypothesis. A mechanical theory of X-ray diffraction, resting on a re-appraisal of the Bragg reflection rule (section 1, below), was first established in 1923 by P. Duane. A similar re-interpretation of the Laue interference rules (section 2) lends a new physical significance to the concept of the reciprocal lattice of a crystal. The latter is usually considered as an abstract geometrical construction in spite of its wide usage in structural analysis. If the present article should contribute to lifting the reciprocal lattice from its abstract mathematical pedestal to a more realistic position in the physics of crystals, it will have attained its goal.
Distribution and Prevalence of Myxobolus cerebralis in Postfire Areas of Plumas National Forest: Utility of Environmental DNA Sampling

Myxobolus cerebralis is a myxozoan parasite and the etiological agent of whirling disease in salmonids. The parasite's life cycle involves waterborne spores and requires both a salmonid fish and the benthic freshwater oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex (Oligochaeta: Tubificidae). Wildfires can lead to the erosion of fine sediments into stream channels and have been implicated as promoting environmental conditions that are suitable for the survival and success of T. tubifex, whose presence in turn can affect the prevalence of M. cerebralis. Analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) has the potential to be a powerful tool for evaluating the presence of microorganisms, for which direct observation is impossible. We investigated the presence of M. cerebraliseDNA in river water and river sediment samples collected from areas affected by recent fire activity in Plumas National Forest, California. We compared eDNA loads in the environment to M. cerebralis infection in T. tubifex and sentinel-exposed Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and the presence of T. tubifex lineages in the same environment. For the latter, we developed a multiplex quantitative PCR assay for detection of T. tubifex lineages I, III, and V. Lineage IIIT. tubifex and M. cerebralis (eDNA as well as DNA extracted from fish and worm tissues) were detected only in samples obtained from areas affected by the Moonlight wildfire. The association between M. cerebralis infection in sentinel-exposed fish and eDNA detection in environmental samples only approached significance at a P-value of 0.056. However, given the difference in relative effort between the two sampling methods (host versus nonhost environment), our data suggest that eDNA sampling of water and substrate is a promising approach for surveillance of myxozoan fish parasites.
Nitroso-oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease

Vascular oxidant stress accompanies the development of many vascular diseases. Promoted by inflammation and thrombosis, vascular oxidant stress decreases bioavailable nitric oxide and leads to endothelial dysfunction. In this presentation, I will discuss the role of vasoprotective mechanisms involving the selenoproteins, glutathione peroxidase-1 and glutathione peroxidase-3, and their beneficial actions in minimizing nitroso-oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. Using a combination of genetic, molecular, biochemical, animal, and human data, I will demonstrate the importance of redox regulation in modulating bioavailable nitric oxide in the vasculature and minimizing the consequences of oxidative stress for the preservation of endothelial and vascular function.
Contact Angle and Wetting Properties

This chapter highlights a variety of techniques that are commonly used to measure contact angles, including the conventional telescope-goniometer method, the Wilhelmy balance method, and the more recently developed drop-shape analysis methods. The various applications and limitations of these techniques are described. Notably, studies of ultrasmall droplets on solid surfaces allow wetting theories to be tested down to the nanometer scale, bringing new insight to contact angle phenomena and wetting behavior.
An Exploration of Group Information Security Compliance: A Social Network Analysis Perspective

In the information age, the failure of an organization to make employees comply with its information security policies is regarded as a key threat. For this reason, investigating employees’ information security policy violations has been a major concern in information security research. In most previous studies, information security compliance behavior was investigated at the individual level. The mechanism of information security compliance from a group perspective is not well known, either to practitioners or researchers. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the impact of group characteristics on information security compliance from a social network perspective. For empirical validation, the survey research method is adopted, and data collection is conducted from 3 organizations in Korea. The results show there are significant connections between group security compliance intention and centrality compliance motivator alignments. Several theoretical contributions and managerial implications are discussed.
Imaging of Posterior Element Axial Pain Generators: Facet Joints, Pedicles, Spinous Processes, Sacroiliac Joints, and Transitional Segments

The role of the posterior elements in generating axial back and neck pain is well established; the imaging detection of posterior element pain generators remains problematic. Morphologic imaging findings have proved to be nonspecific and are frequently present in asymptomatic patients. Edema, inflammation, and hypervascularity are more specific for sites of pain generation, but are often overlooked by imagers if physiologic imaging techniques such as fat-suppressed T2 or contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, radionuclide bone scanning with single-photon emission computed tomography (CT), or (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with CT are not used.
Diagnosis and management of retinoblastoma.

Background: Retinoblastoma is a highly malignant tumor of the eye that manifests most often in the first 3 years of life. Methods: Published articles were reviewed to evaluate the clinical features and current methods of diagnosis and to assess the trends in management. Results: This malignancy leads to metastatic disease and death in 50% of children worldwide but in less than 5% of children in the United States and other developed nations with advanced medical care. Over the past decade, there has been a trend away from enucleation and external beam radiotherapy and toward chemoreduction followed by focal therapies. This is largely due to more effective chemotherapeutic regimens, improved focal treatment modalities, and the desire to avoid loss of the globe and/or exposure to radiotherapy. Chemoreduction and focal therapies are most successful for eyes with minimal to moderate retinoblastoma, with enucleation needed in less than 15% of cases. Eyes with very advanced retinoblastoma require enucleation in approximately 50% of cases. Conclusions: Progress in the clinical recognition and management of retinoblastoma has led to high survival rates. Improved methods of treatment using chemoreduction and focal treatments without the need for external beam radiotherapy allow preservation of the eye in some cases, often with visual function. The clinical features, current methods of diagnosis, and trends in management for retinoblastoma in children are reviewed.
Megaripple/Flat Bed Transition in Rip Current Channels

Sherman, D.J., 2018. Megaripple/flat bed transition in rip current channels. In: Shim, J.-S.; Chun, I., and Lim, H.S. (eds.), Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2018 (Busan, Republic of Korea). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 85, pp. 246–250. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Megaripple and flat bed conditions are common bed configurations in energetic nearshore environments. Their existence is controlled by shear stresses associated with wave orbital motion, superimposed net flows, and water depth, representing flow regimes. This is based on the premise of a characteristic set of flow conditions associated with particular bed configurations. A simple flow regime sequence for surf zones is ripples, megaripples (or dunes), and flat bed. Each of these bed configurations may include several secondary characteristics. Despite the importance of understanding flow regime ranges and transitions, there have been few detailed studies for characteristic megaripple and flat bed conditions. This paper presents the results of a field experiment designed to acquire flow, sedimentological, and bedform data from rip current feeder channels in an inner surf zone of a barred nearshore. Waves and water depths were measured with pressure transducers, and currents were measured with bidirectional current meters. Sand samples were gathered and bed configurations were measured and photographed by divers. Analysis indicates that the mobility number, as calculated with a number of characteristic velocities, provides first-order bedform discrimination. Observations indicate that bedform transitions can occur over sub-hour time spans, although the response times are slower as combined wave and current velocities are reduced. Under the latter conditions, especially, non-equilibrium configurations may persist.
An integration and assessment of multiple covariates of nonstationary storm surge statistical behavior by Bayesian model averaging

Abstract. Projections of coastal storm surge hazard are a basic requirement for effective management of coastal risks. A common approach for estimating hazards posed by extreme sea levels is to use a statistical model, which may use a time series of a climate variable as a covariate to modulate the statistical model and account for potentially nonstationary storm surge behavior (e.g., North Atlantic Oscillation index). Previous works using nonstationary statistical approaches to assess coastal flood hazard have demonstrated the importance of accounting for many key modeling uncertainties. However, many assessments have typically relied on a single climate covariate, which may leave out important processes and lead to potential biases in the projected flood hazards. Here, I employ a recently developed approach to integrate stationary and nonstationary statistical models, and characterize the effects of choice of covariate time series on projected flood hazard. Furthermore, I expand upon this approach by developing a nonstationary storm surge statistical model that makes use of multiple covariate time series, namely, global mean temperature, sea level, the North Atlantic Oscillation index and time. Using Norfolk, Virginia, as a case study, I show that a storm surge model that accounts for additional processes raises the projected 100-year storm surge return level by up to 23 cm relative to a stationary model or one that employs a single covariate time series. I find that the total model posterior probability associated with each candidate covariate, as well as a stationary model, is about 20 %. These results shed light on how including a wider range of physical process information and considering nonstationary behavior can better enable modeling efforts to inform coastal risk management.
Robotic Pericardial Cyst/Mass Resection

Pericardial lesions are particularly accessible for resection and biopsy by the video-assisted technique. However, with the numerous arcs of mobility and with limited motion at the chest wall and the surgeon-controlled 3-D view particularly provides assistance in the evaluation of diagnosed and undiagnosed pericardial lesions. This chapter provides the indications and a detailed approach to the pericardial cyst or mass.
The Right Social Media Platform for Your Library

Abstract This chapter provides advice on how to evaluate social media platforms in order to determine which one is best for your academic library. The author explains his methodology for decision-making, which includes considering one’s institutional context, identifying intended outcomes or goals for social media, taking stock of current social media commitments, and understanding the benefits and drawbacks of each social media application under consideration. This chapter explains why Instagram was the best fit for the author’s institution after briefly evaluating that platform along with Blogger, Facebook, Twitter, and Tumblr. The guidelines provided will help librarians work through the decision-making process with regard to social media regardless of specific social media platform or institutional identity.
Novel Algorithm for Variable Speed Limits and Advisories for a Freeway Corridor with Multiple Bottlenecks

Most previous algorithms for variable speed limit and variable speed advisory (VSL-VSA) for bottleneck flow maximization are local and occupancy measurement–based. Some algorithms for freeway netwo...
Lytic infection with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 activates host and viral RNA polymerase III-dependent promoters to enhance non-coding RNA expression

ABSTRACT RNA polymerase III (pol III) transcribes multiple non-coding (nc) RNAs that are essential for cellular function. Pol III-dependent transcription is also engaged during certain viral infections, including the gammaherpesviruses (γHVs), where pol III-dependent viral ncRNAs promote pathogenesis. Additionally, several host ncRNAs are upregulated during γHV infection and play integral roles in pathogenesis by facilitating viral establishment and gene expression. Here we sought to investigate how pol III-dependent transcriptional activity was regulated during gammaherpesvirus infection, using the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68) system. To compare the transcriptional regulation of host and viral pol III-dependent ncRNAs, we analyzed a series of pol III-dependent promoters using a newly-generated luciferase reporter optimized to measure pol III activity. We measured promoter activity from these constructs at the translation level via luciferase activity and at the transcription level via RT-qPCR. We further measured endogenous ncRNA expression at single cell-resolution by flow cytometry. These studies demonstrated that lytic infection with γHV68 increased the transcriptional activity of multiple host and viral pol III-dependent promoters, and further identified the ability of accessory sequences to influence both baseline and inducible promoter activity after infection. These studies highlight how lytic gammaherpesvirus infection alters the transcriptional landscape of host cells to increase pol III-derived transcription, a process that may further modify cellular function and enhance viral gene expression and pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE Gammaherpesviruses are a prime example of how viruses can alter the host transcriptional landscape to establish infection. Despite major insights into how these viruses modify RNA polymerase II-dependent generation of messenger RNAs, how these viruses influence the activity of host RNA polymerase III remains much less clear. Small non-coding RNAs produced by RNA polymerase III are increasingly recognized to play critical regulatory roles in cell biology and virus infection. Studies of RNA polymerase III dependent transcription are complicated by its use of multiple promoter types and diverse RNAs with variable stability and processing requirements. Here, we established a reporter system to directly study RNA polymerase III-dependent promoter responses during gammaherpesvirus infection and utilized single-cell flow cytometry-based methods to reveal that gammaherpesvirus lytic replication broadly induces pol III activity to enhance host and viral non-coding RNA expression within the infected cell.
Visualizing a protonated RNA state that modulates microRNA-21 maturation

MicroRNAs are evolutionarily conserved small, noncoding RNAs that regulate diverse biological processes. Due to their essential regulatory roles, microRNA biogenesis is tightly regulated, where protein factors are often found to interact with specific primary and precursor microRNAs for regulation. Here, using NMR relaxation dispersion spectroscopy and mutagenesis, we reveal that the precursor of oncogenic microRNA-21 exists as a pH-dependent ensemble that spontaneously reshuffles the secondary structure of the entire apical stem-loop region, including the Dicer cleavage site. We show that the alternative excited conformation transiently sequesters the bulged adenine into a noncanonical protonated A+-G mismatch, conferring a substantial enhancement in Dicer processing over its ground conformational state. These results indicate that microRNA maturation efficiency may be encoded in the intrinsic dynamic ensemble of primary and precursor microRNAs, providing a potential means of regulating microRNA biogenesis in response to environmental and cellular stimuli.
Activatable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles scavenge reactive oxygen species in macrophages and endothelial cells

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key markers of inflammation, with varying levels of superoxide indicating the degree of inflammation. Inflammatory diseases remain the leading cause of death in the developed world. Previously, we showed that interpolymer complexed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IPC-SPIOs) are capable of decomplexing and activating T2 magnetic resonance (MR) contrast in superoxide-rich environments. Here, we investigate the ability of IPC-SPIOs to scavenge ROS in immune and endothelial cells which should activate the superparamagnetic core. In exogenously generated superoxide, ROS scavenging by the nanoparticles was concentration dependent and ranged from 5% to over 50% of available ROS. A statistically significant reduction in ROS was observed in the presence of IPCSPIOs compared to poly(ethylene glycol)-coated SPIOs (PEG-SPIOs). During in vitro cellular assays, a reduction in ROS was observed in macrophages, monocytes, and human endothelial cells. Macrophages and endothelial cells experienced significantly higher ROS reduction compared to monocytes. ROS scavenging peaked 12 hours post-exposure to IPC-SPIOs in most studies, with some cell samples experiencing extended scavenging with increasing IPC-SPIO concentration. At the tested concentrations, particles were not cytotoxic, and confocal imaging showed localization of particles within cells. These findings demonstrate the potential of IPC-SPIOs as activatable MR contrast agents capable of activating under inflammation-induced cellular redox conditions as reporters of inflammatory disease severity or staging.
A Comparative Examination of How Program Design Components Influence Youth Leadership-Skill Development

A growing interest in how adolescents can prepare for the workforce has contributed to the development of positive youth development (PYD) programs focused on youth leadership. This study explored what mechanisms and design components support leadership skill development among youth participating in 3 different PYD leadership programs. All of these programs involve high school students, have a focus on leadership, and emphasize college and workforce readiness. The aims of the study were to (a) examine what commonalities and differences in program design components contribute to skill development, (b) identify what leadership skills youth develop by participating in PYD leadership programs, and (c) explore what underlying mechanisms youth perceive contribute to their skill development over time. A total of 3 focus groups were conducted, each lasting 90 minutes, with a total of 18 youth (i.e., 6 youth per program). Nvivo, a qualitative software, and thematic analysis were used to distill common and differential themes related to the program design components the participants recognized as integral parts of the programs that contributed to their leadership skill development. Common skills developed across all 3 programs included working in groups, public speaking, and problem solving, yet differences in skills were also reported and linked to differences in program design. Additional findings showed several underlying mechanisms supported leadership skill development among youth participants. Findings can inform the development of effective youth leadership PYD programs, thereby further supporting youth in achieving their goals; avoiding harmful behaviors; and developing the competencies, confidence, and values youth need to successfully transition to adulthood.
Factors Modifying the Amount of Neuroanatomical Overlap between Languages in Bilinguals-A Systematic Review of Neurosurgical Language Mapping Studies.

Neurosurgery on individuals with lesions around language areas becomes even more complicated when the patient is bilingual. It is thus important to understand the principles that predict the likelihood of convergent versus separate neuroanatomical organization of the first (L1) and the second language (L2) in these individuals. We reviewed all English-language publications on neurosurgical language mapping in bilinguals before January 2020 in three databases (e.g., PubMed). Our search yielded 28 studies with 207 participants. The reviewed data suggest several principles of language organization in bilingual neurosurgical patients: (1) separate cortical areas uniquely dedicated to each language in both anterior and posterior language sites are the rule rather than occasional findings, (2) In cases where there was a convergent neuroanatomical representation for L1 and L2, two factors explained the overlap: an early age of L2 acquisition and a small linguistic distance between L1 and L2 and (3) When L1 and L2 diverged neuroanatomically, more L1-specific sites were identified for early age of L2 acquisition, high L2 proficiency and a larger linguistic distance. This work provides initial evidence-based principles predicting the likelihood of converging versus separate neural representations of L1 and L2 in neurosurgical patients.
Governing for Revolution: Social Transformation in Civil War

Prevailing views suggest rebels govern to enhance their organizational capacity, but this book demonstrates that some rebels undertake costly governance projects that can imperil their cadres during war. The origins for this choice began with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the Chinese Civil War. The CCP knowingly introduced challenging governance projects, but nevertheless propagated its strategy globally, creating a behavioural model readily available to later rebels. The likelihood of whether later rebels' will imitate this model is determined by the compatibility between their goals and the CCP's objectives; only rebels that share the CCP's revolutionary goals decide to mimic the CCP's governance fully. Over time, ideational and material pressures further encouraged (and occasionally rewarded) revolutionary rebels' conformity to the CCP's template. Using archival data from six countries, primary rebel sources, fieldwork and quantitative analysis, Governing for Revolution underscores the mimicry of and ultimate convergence in revolutionary rebels' governance, that persists even today, despite vast differences in ideology.
Business Enterprise Value in Shopping Malls: An Empirical Test

This paper discusses the economic basis for the existence of business enterprise value in a shopping mall. The existence of business enterprise value in a mall is then tested by examining the rent paid by existing tenants on a lease renewal vs. that paid by new tenants for otherwise identical space. The hypothesis that there is no difference in rents between renewals and new tenants can be rejected. This suggests that with each lease renewal there is a marginal increase in business enterprise value component of the rents. Proposed federal regulations for the appraisal of federally related transactions, the uniform standards of professional appraisal practice, and real property tax law call for separation of the value of intangibles (which include business value) from tangible personal property and from real property. Thus the business value portion of the mall rental should not be capitalized into the value of the real estate. Because income from lease renewals includes business value, the leases must be ...
Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, Production Diets: Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal

Abstract The replacement of fish meal with soybean meal in fish diets has met with varying degrees of success. Quite often, poor responses to high soybean meal diets are due to a reduced palatability of the diet when fish meal is removed. Recent work has demonstrated that poultry by-product meal can be used as a substitute for fish meal in practical diets for juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), indicating it may have favorable palatability characteristics for this species. The present research was designed to evaluate the replacement of menhaden fish meal with solvent-extracted soybean meal in practical diets containing 20% poultry by-product meal and formulated to contain 44% protein and 10% lipid. Test diets were adjusted for phosphorus and methionine content to ensure that minimal dietary requirements were maintained. The response of red drum (mean initial weight 179 g) to diets containing fish meal ranging from 40 to 5% of the diet, as well as the response to a low fish meal diet supplemented wit...
Abstract P5-15-04: Prognostic understanding and associations with mood and quality of life in patients with metastatic breast cancer

Background: Data suggest that patients with metastatic cancer who understand their prognosis are more likely to prefer and receive care concordant with their wishes. Despite the importance of prognostic information for patients’ decision-making, there are no current data describing prognostic understanding in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The aims of this study were to describe prognostic understanding in patients with MBC and to explore its associations with mood, distress, and quality of life (QOL). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 50 patients who were receiving first- or second-line chemotherapy for MBC. Participants completed a series of questionnaires. We used a 13-item questionnaire to assess patients’ perceptions of their prognosis and goal of therapy. We evaluated mood, level of distress, and QOL using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Distress Thermometer (DT), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B), respectively. Results: The majority of patients (92%) reported it was at least somewhat important to know details about their prognosis. 19/47 (40%) patients reported that the primary goal of treatment was to cure their cancer, and 21/46 (46%) patients reported that the chance of cure was at least somewhat likely (≥25% chance of cure). 24/49 (49%) patients viewed themselves as terminally ill. There was a high prevalence of psychological morbidity in our patient cohort. 24/48 (50%) patients screened positive for distress (distress thermometer ≥4), 17/50 (34%) patients reported significant anxiety symptoms (HADS-Anxiety ≥ 8), and 11/50 (22%) patients reported significant depression symptoms (HADS-Depression ≥ 8). Distress, depression, and anxiety were each associated with lower QOL scores (93.0 vs. 114.0, p Conclusion: Although the majority of patients with MBC receiving first- or second-line chemotherapy feel it is important to know detailed information about their prognosis, many incorrectly perceive that their cancer is curable. Accurate prognostic understanding was associated with increased depression symptoms. This study highlights the need to develop interventions to enhance patients’ prognostic understanding while providing adequate psychosocial support. Citation Format: Amanda Parkes, Jennifer A Shin, Helen Knight, Stephen M Schleicher, Areej El-Jawahri, Lara Traeger, Jennifer S Temel. Prognostic understanding and associations with mood and quality of life in patients with metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-15-04.
Caregiver Burden in South Asian Families

Abstract Systems theory has been extensively used by social work practitioners to conceptualize an array of social and psychological problems at the level of clinical practice. Systems theory is complex and this complexity is believed to be advantageous for investigating the roots of social and familial problems. This paper presents results from a study of caregiver burden among a sample of 118 Indian/Pakistani caregivers in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metropolitan area. Systems theory is used to predict the correlates of caregiver burden. In this study the authors found that elder behavior problems, elder health problems, extended support network, and identification with filial piety norms explained caregiver burden among South Asian families. The practice implications of the findings are also presented.
Assessment of quality of life before and after surgery for severe obesity.

The assessment of physical activity and energy needs is discussed with particular reference to elderly subjects. The only practical method of determining physical activity in epidemiological research remains a retrospective questionnaire. Attitude measurements may nevertheless help in assessing those individuals prone to exaggerate participation, while personal activity monitors and measurement of individual fitness levels may contribute to the refinement of questionnaires. Particular problems in applying questionnaires to elderly subjects can include poor vision, hearing, and recent memory, coupled with slow understanding and garrulousness. The design of forms should be as simple and unambiguous as possible, and timely. Attempts to distinguish occupational form leisure or household chores and to explore seasonal variations merely seem likely to cause confusion.
Narratives of Resistance: Space, Place, and Identity in Latino Migrant Activism

In the August 2013 edition of ACME , Andy Walter offers a geographic analysis of scholarly work on the Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW), describing the movement as a ‘cartographic project’ aimed at ‘up-scaling’ local disputes to national and global attention (Walter 2013). Spatial changes in the CIW’s politics, Walter argues, can be interpreted as “a commitment to a relational sense of space that involved, but went beyond, the jump in scale observed in the academic literature on the CIW” (2013, 399). Contemporary popular accounts of migrant activism also showcase the CIW’s rise to prominence as a ‘bottom-up’ representation of the confluence of economic, cultural, and global concerns that Walter highlights. Yet in both scholarly and popular conceptions, little attention has been given to why the CIW’s example is equally compelling to academics, activists, and political commentators alike. In our paper, we position ourselves as a critical supplement to Walter’s analysis by asking what it means to ‘go beyond scale’ as a political and spatial strategy. We find that the CIW’s example is especially vibrant due to its ability to draw on the experiences of migrant laborers as narratives of resistance , linking affect and discourse to the political re-configuration of labor-space.
PERCEIVED SOCIAL CLASS AND GENDER-APPROPRIATENESS OF PERSONAL NAMES '

For 60 boys' and girls' personal names, respectively, rs were .33 and .77 for gender-appropriate means when rated as higher in social class status. For all subjects r = .43.
II: Another Jewish Point of View

(1953). II: Another Jewish Point of View. Religious Education: Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 140-144.
Cox11p Is Required for Stable Formation of the CuBand Magnesium Centers of Cytochrome c Oxidase

Assembly of the core subunits of theaa 3-type cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria and aerobic bacteria such as Rhodobacter sphaeroides requires the association of three subunits and the formation of five to seven metal centers. Several assembly proteins are required for the late stages of oxidase assembly in eukaryotes; some of these are also present in Rb. sphaeroides. To investigate the role of one of these proteins, Cox11p, the mitochondrial-like oxidase of Rb. sphaeroides was overexpressed and purified from cells that lacked cox11, the gene for Cox11p. The oxidase that assembled in the absence of Cox11p lacked CuBat the active site and contained greatly reduced amounts of metal at the magnesium/manganese-binding site between subunits I and II. This inactive oxidase, however, did contain hemes a anda 3, CuA, and all three subunits. These results indicate that Cox11p is required at a late, perhaps final, step in the assembly of cytochrome oxidase, most likely the insertion of CuB. Oxidase which assembled in a strain with a low copy number of cox11 appeared nearly wild type, suggesting that Cox11p is required in substoichiometric amounts for its role in oxidase assembly.
SIMULTANEOUS ABSORPTION OF AN ACID GAS (H2S) AND A BASIC GAS (NH3) IN A SCRUBBING DEVICE

H2S and NH3 are major contaminants in many synfuel process gas streams. The H2S is frequently removed by dissociation and reaction in scrubbers using alkaline scrubbing liquids. Some of the NH3 is ...
Perceived barriers to careers involving math and science: The perspective of medical school admissions officials

The medical community has become increasingly sensitive to the need to expand minority representation in the health professions, given that members of minority populations have poorer health status and use fewer health‐care resources relative to their needs. It has been argued that increased minority representation in the health professions may result in improved access to health care or increased willingness to seek needed care. Recent views suggest that such efforts must begin early in the students’ academic lives. This study solicited perceptions of medical school admissions officials regarding the preparation of students across four ethnic groups. Results suggest two distinct patterns of perceptions distinguishing different combinations of ethnic groups. The predominant discriminant function reflected a generalized perception that Blacks and Hispanics are receiving differentially poorer advisement, assessment, academic preparation, and access to educational resources relative to nonminority students. ...
Organizational integration and the use of telecommunication technologies for internal links: an empirical investigation

Abstract The strategic potential of telecommunications is now widely acknowledged. Telecommunication links can be strategically deployed for internal integration as well as interorganizational systems. However, much of the research on telecommunication use has concentrated on interorganizational systems. Little empirical research has been conducted on internal use of telecommunication and its impact on organizational performance. This paper examines the effects of five key variables—environmental uncertainty, size of the organization, value chain information intensity, product information intensity, and information system (IS) maturity—on organizational integration, internal telecommunication use, and the impact of telecommunication links on organizational performance. Nine hypotheses concerning these relationships are proposed and empirically tested. Data for the study were collected from two mail surveys and some secondary sources. Results show that organizational integration is positively associated with both environmental uncertainty and the size of the organization. Internal telecommunication use was found to be positively related to product information intensity and IS maturity. Finally, the impact of telecommunication links on organizational performance was associated with IS maturity and the interaction of organizational integration and internal telecommunication use. Some implications for future research and practice are examined.
Supernova graphite in the NanoSIMS: Carbon, oxygen and titanium isotopic compositions of a spherule and its TiC sub-components

Presolar graphite spherules from the Murchison low-density separate KE3 contain a large number of internal TiC crystals that range in size from 15 to 500 nm. We have studied one such graphite grain in great detail by successive analyses with SEM, ims3f SIMS, TEM and NanoSIMS. Isotopic measurements of the 'bulk' particle in the ims3f indicate a supernova origin for this graphite spherule. The NanoSIMS measure- ments of C, N, O and Ti isotopes were performed directly on TEM ultramicrotome sections of the spherule, allowing correlated studies of the isotopic and mineralogical properties of the graphite grain and its internal crystals. We found isotopic gradients in 12 C/ 13 C and 16 O/ 18 O from the core of the graphite spherule to its perimeter, with the most anomalous compositions being present in the center. These gradients may be the result of isotopic exchange with isotopically normal material, either in the laboratory or during the particle's history. No similar isotopic gradients were found in the 16 O/ 17 O and 14 N/ 15 N ratios, which are normal within analytical uncertainty throughout the graphite spherule. Due to an unusually high O signal, internal TiC crystals were easily located during NanoSIMS imaging measurements. It was thus possible to determine isotopic compositions of several internal TiC grains independent of the surrounding graphite matrix. These TiC crystals are significantly more anomalous in their O isotopes than the graphite, with 16 O/ 18 O ratios ranging from 14 to 250 (compared to a terrestrial value of 499). Even the most centrally located TiC grains show significant variations in their O isotopic compositions from crystal to crystal. Measurement of the Ti isotopes in three TiC grains found no variations among them and no large differences between the compo- sitions of the different crystals and the 'bulk' graphite spherule. However, the same three TiC crystals vary by a factor of 3 in their 16 O/ 18 O ratios. It is not clear in what form the O is associated with the TiC grains and whether it is cogenetic or the result of surface reactions on the TiC grains before they accreted onto the growing graphite spherule. The presence of 44 Ca from short-lived 44 Ti (t1/2 60y) in one of the TiC subgrains confirms the identification of this graphite spherule as a supernova condensate. Copyright © 2005 Elsevier Ltd
Gwendolyn Brooks's Black Aesthetic of the Domestic

Gwendolyn Brooks has an undeniable influence on the work of late twentiethand early twenty-first century African American women poets. Honoree Jeffers dedicates her poem “One Morning Soon” (2007) to Brooks. In interviews, Harryette Mullen regularly mentions Brooks’s writings, especially Maud Martha (1953), as shaping her prose poetry (“Conversation”; “Not”; “Solo” 192, 201-02) and lists Brooks among the “literary ancestors” whom she “claims” (“Interview” 206). Nikky Finney also cites Brooks’s influence (“Art,” Lecture). At the 2012 National Book Festival, an audience member asked Finney, “What are the books you read over and over that you love?” She replied, “Anything by Gwendolyn Brooks. Anything.” Evie Shockley regularly calls Brooks an influence on her poetry and devotes a chapter of her scholarly book Renegade Poetics: Black Aesthetics and Formal Innovation in African American Poetry (2011) to Brooks. Poet and scholar Elizabeth Alexander includes two essays on Brooks in The Black Interior (2004). Moments celebrating and engaging Brooks erupt so frequently in contemporary African American women’s poetry that they are too numerous to name here. Brooks is such a central influence that Mullen’s statement “I’m very much influenced by Gwendolyn Brooks, to the extent that sometimes I forget to even mention her” (“Conversation”) might describe Brooks’s presence in the work of many black women poets writing today. To “mention” and make visible Brooks’s influence, I consider here one of her important contributions to the African American literary tradition: a black aesthetic of the domestic. In her early and mid-career writing, Brooks depicts individual, private experience as a sphere of black agency with broad communal implications. Surprisingly, forceful practices of community occur mostly in domestic space: the protagonist of Maud Martha spares the life of a mouse while thinking through the meanings of motherhood; the old couple in “The Bean Eaters” (1960) raise questions of hunger and poverty; Pepita, dead under a cot in “In the Mecca” (1968), points to the dangers of the world for girls; “A Bronzeville Mother
Potato Peel Waste: Stability and Antioxidant Activity of a Freeze-Dried Extract

Aqueous extracts of potato peel waste were freeze-dried, high performance liquid chromatography (PLC) of the freeze-dried extracts revealed that chlorogenic (50.31%), gallic (41.67%), protocatechuic (7.81%), andcaffeic (0.21%) acids were the major phenolics. During 15 days storage of the freeze-dried extract, no degradation of phenolics occurred. After 4 days storage at 63 o C, 5.00g of sunflower oil containing either the freeze-dried extract (200 ppm) or butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (200 ppm) reached peroxide values (PV) of 37.38 and 37.47 meq kg -1 respectively. L-ascorbic acid-6-palmitate was the best antioxidant (PV=10.65 meq kg -1 ) but the freeze-dried extract was as good as BHA
Posttraumatic ulnar translation of the carpus

Ulnar translation of the carpus is a rare posttraumatic carpal instability pattern, in which the entire carpus is displaced ulnarward on the radioulnar surface. No previous formal reports of this problem have been located although it has been described in general discussions of wrist instability. Seven men and one woman were diagnosed with this condition although the diagnosis was delayed from 2 to 23 months, an average of 7.3 months. Three patients were treated surgically before diagnosis; the other five patients were treated conservatively before diagnosis. At the time of definitive diagnosis the radiographs showed an ulnar translation of the carpus, which was quantified on the radiographs in all eight patients by the method of Chamay. Four patients had an attempt to repair the radiolunate and radiocapitate ligaments. One patient had a ligamentous augmentation of the radiocapitate ligament complex. Two patients had ligamentous repairs of a scapholunate dissociation; one of these had simultaneous radiocarpal ligamentous augmentation. The eighth patient had a radiolunate arthrodesis. Follow-up averaged 32 months. Three patients had formal wrist arthrodeses at 10, 13, and 26 months after initial ligamentous repair, which were considered treatment failures. In the remaining five patients, four had partial recurrent ulnar shift, which was seen radiographically. Of these, three patients rated the result as good, with near normal strength and returned to full activities while two obtained fair results, with minimal pain but decreased range of motion and decreased strength. One patient has shown progressive degenerative radiocarpal changes and may become a candidate for a limited or formal wrist arthrodesis.