cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Do English and ESL faculty differ in evaluating the essays of native English-speaking and ESL students?

Abstract This study investigates the degree to which differences exist in the rating of two NES and two ESL essays by 32 English and 30 ESL professors in the English Department of CUNY's Kingsborough campus. The two faculty groups were divided into subgroups, one rating the four essays holistically on a 1 to 6 scale and the other rating them on a 1 to 6 scale but in light of 10 specifically categorized features, 6 comprising rhetorical and 4 language features. The results indicated that in holistic evaluation, English and ESL faculty raters differed significantly, with English faculty assigning higher scores to all four essay samples. In analytic evaluation, the two groups did not evidence significant differences in rating the specifically categorized features. Raters with more years of experience in teaching and holistic evaluation tended to be more lenient in their holistic evaluation, whereas with respect to analytic evaluation, experience in the two areas was not an influencing factor. Also, in holistic evaluation, English faculty seemed to give greater weight to the overall content and quality of the rhetorical features in the writing samples than they did to language use.
Controlled observations on patterns of activity, attention, and impulsivity in brain-damaged and psychiatrically disturbed boys.

Objective measurements taken from boys with and without a conduct disorder and with and without associated brain injury suggest that overactivity is a function of psychiatric disturbance rather than of an abnormality of the central nervous System. Very few of the children studied were consistently overactive or inattentive. Mothers' reports of overactivity tallied with a measure of conduct disturbance but not with objective measurements of activity or attention.
Vaccinia Virus D4 Mutants Defective in Processive DNA Synthesis Retain Binding to A20 and DNA

Genome replication is inefficient without processivity factors, which tether DNA polymerases to their templates. The vaccinia virus DNA polymerase E9 requires two viral proteins, A20 and D4, for processive DNA synthesis, yet the mechanism of how this tricomplex functions is unknown. This study confirms that these three proteins are necessary and sufficient for processivity, and it focuses on the role of D4, which also functions as a uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) repair enzyme. A series of D4 mutants was generated to discover which sites are important for processivity. Three point mutants (K126V, K160V, and R187V) which did not function in processive DNA synthesis, though they retained UDG catalytic activity, were identified. The mutants were able to compete with wild-type D4 in processivity assays and retained binding to both A20 and DNA. The crystal structure of R187V was resolved and revealed that the local charge distribution around the substituted residue is altered. However, the mutant protein was shown to have no major structural distortions. This suggests that the positive charges of residues 126, 160, and 187 are required for D4 to function in processive DNA synthesis. Consistent with this is the ability of the conserved mutant K126R to function in processivity. These mutants may help unlock the mechanism by which D4 contributes to processive DNA synthesis.
Monomorphic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated large B-cell posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder presenting as a tongue ulcer in a pancreatic transplant patient

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders are a group of lymphoid proliferations and lymphomas that develop as a consequence of immunosuppression in recipients of solid organ or bone marrow allografts. We describe an unusual oral presentation of posttransplant Epstein-Barr virus-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a 45-year-old woman after pancreatic transplant.
Partial scan selection for user-specified fault coverage

With current approaches to partial scan, it is difficult, and often impossible, to achieve a specific level of fault coverage without returning to fill scan. In this paper, we introduce a new formulation of the minimum scan chain assignment problem and propose an effective covering algorithm and test sequence generator SCORCH (Scan Chain Ordering with Reduced Cover Heuristic) to solve it. SCORCH uses a combinational test generator not only to optimize the scan chain assignment, subject to maintaining a user-specified level of fault coverage, brit also as a basis for the test sequence generation. We report experimental results with minimized partial scan assignment and 100% fault coverage for a set of large benchmarks.
Contrasts in Scheduling of Molt and Migration in Eastern and Western Warbling-Vireos

Using museum specimens, we determined that Eastern (Vireo gilvus) and Western (V. swainsonii) warbling-vireos have contrasting schedules for their prebasic molt relative to fall migration. Adult gilvus replace their primaries rapidly (38 days) and complete prebasic molt after breeding but while still on the breeding grounds. In contrast, adult swain- sonii that breed north of Mexico begin prebasic body molt on the breeding grounds and ap- pear to continue it during migration. These birds leave the United States and Canada before initiating remigial molt, and our data suggest that many of them stop in northwestern Mex- ico to begin replacing flight feathers. Adult swainsonii take longer to replace their primaries (55 days) than do adult gilvus, presumably because most or all of their migration has been accomplished prior to the initiation of molt. Hatching-year swainsonii that breed north of Mexico remain in the United States and Canada until their first prebasic molt (body only) is completed, and thus are present long after adults have left. Both species undergo a preal- ternate molt of body plumage, and occasionally innermost secondaries and the innermost pair of rectrices, on the wintering grounds. Our results, along with previous studies of molt and migration, highlight the importance of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico to the nonbreeding biology of several species of passerines that breed in western North America. Received 21 January 1997, accepted I July 1997.
Nonlinear Knowledge in Kernel Approximation

Prior knowledge over arbitrary general sets is incorporated into nonlinear kernel approximation problems in the form of linear constraints in a linear program. The key tool in this incorporation is a theorem of the alternative for convex functions that converts nonlinear prior knowledge implications into linear inequalities without the need to kernelize these implications. Effectiveness of the proposed formulation is demonstrated on two synthetic examples and an important lymph node metastasis prediction problem. All these problems exhibit marked improvements upon the introduction of prior knowledge over nonlinear kernel approximation approaches that do not utilize such knowledge
Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab

A new experiment at Fermilab will measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with a precision of 140 parts per billion (ppb). This measurement is motivated by the results of the Brookhaven E821 experiment that were first released more than a decade ago, which reached a precision of 540 ppb. As the corresponding Standard Model predictions have been refined, the experimental and theoretical values have persistently differed by about 3 standard deviations. If the Brookhaven result is confirmed at Fermilab with this improved precision, it will constitute definitive evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. The experiment observes the muon spin precession frequency in flight in a well-calibrated magnetic fi eld; the improvement in precision will require both 20 times as many recorded muon decay events as in E821 and a reduction by a factor of 3 in the systematic uncertainties. This paper describes the current experimental status as well as the plans for the upgraded magnet, detector and storage ring systems that are being prepared for the start of beam data collection in 2017.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR EVALUATING COALBED METHANE INFILTRATION POND SITES BASED ON SITE STUDIES IN THE POWDER RIVER BASIN OF MONTANA AND WYOMING 1

Significant volumes of ground water are produced in association with coalbed-methane (CBM) production in the Powder River Basin in Montana and Wyoming. This water must be managed in a manner that is both economical and sensitive to the semi-arid agricultural area of southeastern Montana and northeastern Wyoming. Infiltration ponds are one of the primary methods of handling production water and have been in use in Montana and Wyoming for several years. A solid conceptual framework of the parameters that control water quality and flow allows for the selection of infiltration pond sites which maximize impoundment life and minimize impacts. The ponds have several advantages in that they require a low initial investment and can help recharge the shallow ground-water system, which makes the production water available for future uses. However, as the infiltrated water moves through the shallow weathered bedrock, a series of chemical reactions typically take place (primarily dissolution and oxidation) which temporarily increase the total dissolved solids (TDS) due primarily to increases in Mg, Na, and SO4. As the available salts are removed along the ground-water flow path through the bedrock, the concentrations of dissolved constituents in the ground water tend to decrease. Preliminary interpretations of data suggest that saturated paste extract (SPE) analyses and lithologic investigations may be used to predict the types of changes in water quality that can occur. The fate and transport of the dissolved salts is controlled to a great extent by the rate of infiltration and the duration of saturated flow from the ponds. The rate of infiltration can be severely reduced as the clays in the pond floor and underlying material are exposed to the high SAR produced water, which causes dispersion and reduced vertical hydraulic conductivity. Order-of-magnitude decreases in vertical hydraulic conductivity have been observed, which represent a trade-off. First, the changes will effectively decrease the volume of water that can be managed via an individual pond. Secondly, the mobilized salts may be effectively sequestered by reduced ground-water flow; substantially reducing the temporal and geographic extent of impacts.
Trouble in Paradise: Unmeasured Confounding in Registry-based Studies of Etiologic Factors.

In the new era of big data, population scientists usingNordic registries can be regarded as pioneers. Using a unique personal identification number to readily link demographics, health care utilization, and disease outcomes— not only for individuals but also across generations—has offered unparalleled opportunities to pursue public health research. In fact, some have coined the Nordic countries ‘‘a paradise for epidemiologists.’’ As well as describing patterns in disease incidence, mortality, and health care costs, registry linkage studies have been effectively used to address disease etiology. In the cancer realm, Nordic registry studies have helped to clarify the enigmatic origins of stomach cancer by investigating risks associated with duodenal and gastric ulcers [1]; have played an instrumental role in identifying the inverse association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colorectal cancer [2]; and have helped to uncover the heritability of cancer risk through twin studies [3]. Ultimately, the appeal of these large studies comes down to their ability to estimatemoremodest causal effects with a greater degree of certainty. But the threat of unmeasured confounding looms large even in big data. In this issue of European Urology, Pottegard et al [4] capitalize on the availability of Danish registry data to test the hypothesis of an inverse association between statin use and renal cell cancer. Smaller previous studies identified positive, null, and inverse associations. With 4606 histologically confirmed cases and 46 060 cancer-free controls, the authors have sample size on their side. When adjusting for covariates available through the registry, primarily other prescription drugs and health conditions, the authors encounter evidence of substantial confounding of the crude
Molecular Imaging

Dr. Phelps's research interests are in the areas of biological imaging and neurosciences. His research focuses on the merger of biology and imaging to provide the means to examine molecular and cellular function in tissue cultures, as well as integrated organ function in animals and humans. These biological imaging assays are developed and integrated into biology and pharmacology based problems. Autoradiographic studies of cerebral metabolism, protein synthesis and gene expression are used in animals to study brain maturation, neuronal plasticity and compensatory reorganization to disease or injury. The anatomical expression of novel connections due to brain lesions promoting compensatory reorganization of the brain is determined by anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques, and their neurotrophic basis by in situ hybridization and gene knock-out techniques. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is employed to map out gene expression, metabolic maturation, responses to select stimuli and learning, as well as compensatory reorganization of the brain in mice, monkeys and children. PET is also used to study the biological basis of human disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, as well as alterations in neurochemical function by cocaine and methamphetamine.
PROPHYLACTIC IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR IN CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS: SAVE A LIFE, COST A JOB?

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a granulomatous disease that could result in life threatening arrhythmias. Recent HRS expert consensus statement recommends prophylactic ICD implantation in patients with CS who requires a pacemaker implantation for high degree AV block. A 55-year-old Caucasian
Effect of Temperature, Moisture, and Photoperiod on Termination of Diapause in the Pink Bollworm

The relationship of temperature, moisture, and photoperiod was studied under laboratory conditions relative to termination of diapause in Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). Field conditions occurring at Mesa, Arizona, for the midmonth periods of March, April, and May were simulated in environmental chambers, and diapausing larvae were subjected to these temperature conditions in both wet (contact moisture) and dry (ca. 50% RH) environments. Diapausing larvae were also subjected in constant-temperature cabinets to mean temperatures of the 3 monthly periods. Both studies indicated that conditions occurring during mid-April were most favorable for pupation and survival. Constant-temperature studies indicated that 13.9°C is below the threshold of development under both wet and dry conditions and that only under wet conditions is the 15.6°C temperature favorable. Temperatures of 17.8°C and 20.0°C were less favorable than 22.2°C under dry conditions for pupation and adult emergence, but little difference was noted between 20.0°C and 22.2°C under wet conditions, except for delayed pupation at the lower temperature. A limited study of photoperiod effects comparing a 14-h with a 10-h day indicated that a slightly higher rate of pupation occurs in the day-long regime. This was more evident under constant-temperature conditions than under fluctuating conditions.
Diffraction Studies of the Atomic Structure of Grain Boundaries

The application of diffraction techniques to study the atomic structure of grain boundaries is reviewed. The determination of the projected structure of a large angle [001] twist boundary is described. The influence of f.c.c. metal type and bonding type on boundary structure is examined. Generalizations are made concerning the structure of large angle [001] twist boundaries based on the results of the diffraction studies.
Sex Pheromones of the Pacific Coast Wireworm, Limonius canus

Females of the Pacific Coast wireworm, Limonius canus LeConte, were found to contain 2 sex pheromones. One was identified as hexanoic acid. The other is a branched, unsaturated carboxylic acid, probably containing 10 carbon atoms.
A generalized Reed model with application to wildfire risk in even-aged Southern United States pine plantations

We develop a generalized Reed model to incorporate the risk of wildfires on optimal management of slash pine (Pinus elliotti var. elliotti) in the southern United States. Comparative static analyses are conducted to determine the impacts of the probability of increasing and constant wildfire risk as forest stand ages, and portion of stand that is salvageable following a wildfire, on slash pine harvest decisions. Our results reveal that increasing the current risk of wildfire damage would shorten the current optimal slash pine harvest age, while increasing the future risk of wildfire losses would lengthen the current optimal harvest age. We also compare the impacts of different wildfire arrival paths (rising and constant arrival rate with stand age) on the optimal forest management of slash pine. Under the generalized model, increases in future rising wildfire risks have less impact than increases in future constant wildfire risks on the optimal harvest ages for the current crop. Increases in the current rising risk of wildfires have a similar impact on the optimal harvest age compared to increases in the current constant risk of wildfires.
ICHNOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR ENDOBENTHIC RESPONSE TO THE K–PG EVENT, NEW JERSEY, U.S.A.

Degree of bioturbation, Thalassinoides isp. morphology, and diameters were compared across the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary interval at three localities along the New Jersey coastal plain. Within this regionally extensive ichnoassemblage, mean burrow diameters decrease abruptly by 26–29% (n = 1767) at the base of the Main Fossiliferous Layer (MFL) or laterally equivalent horizons. The base of the MFL has been previously interpreted as the K–Pg boundary based on the last occurrence of Cretaceous marine reptiles, birds, and ammonites, as well as iridium anomalies and associated shocked quartz. Along with the mean, the maximum and minimum burrow diameters exhibit a negative shift, which indicates that the changes are the result of a directional reduction in diameter, rather than an artifact of decreased variance. As a proxy for the size of the tracemaker, a change in burrow diameter indicates a decrease in thalassinid crustacean body size. We interpret this shift as dwarfing within the endobenthic community as detrital food sources became scarce following the mass extinction. Despite the difference in size, there is no change in framework geometry. Ichnofabric indices generally increase up-section at each site across the K–Pg chronostratigraphic boundary, indicating a regional reduction in sedimentation rate, which is supported by a gradual increase in glauconite maturity. Overall, the ichnological evidence at these localities suggests that a prolonged period of negative feedback followed a short-term positive endobenthic response across the K–Pg boundary.
Study on Blowout Effect on Surrounding Wells and Gas Gathering Station after Ignition

This paper carries out 18 group blowout flow field numerical simulation calculation based on the boundaries of 3 different initial pressure,wind speed and 2 different diameters using CFD software. It also analyzes the simulation results and its effect on surrounding facilities. The results show:when the boundary condition is 10 MPa pressure,6 mm hole diameter and 1 m/s wind speed,blowout speed exceeds 400 m/s,fire surface temperature exceeds 1 500 K,jet fire damage to the surrounding building is more than 65 m. Only if it is more than 104 m far,there is no damage.
Cardiopulmonary bypass and the blood-brain barrier. An experimental study.

The diffuse inflammation produced by cardiopulmonary bypass might disrupt the blood-brain barrier and lead to the transient neurologic dysfunction occasionaUy seen after cardiac operations. To evaluate this possibility, blood-brain barrier integrity was measured by carbon 14-aminoisobutyric acid tracer technique after 2 hours of cardiopulmonary bypass in piglets. Six animals were cooled to 28° C on cardiopulmonary bypass and then rewarmed to 38° C before carbon 14-aminosisobutyric acid was injected intraarteriaUy. A control group of six animals underwent median sternotomy and heparinization but were not placed on cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood-to-brain transfer coefficients for carbon 14-aminosisobutyric acid were calculated for multiple brain regions; higher coefficients reflect greater flux of carbon 14-aminosisobutyric acid and suggest loss of blood-brain barrier integrity. The brain regions examined and their transfer coefficients (cardiopulmonary bypass versus control mean ± standard error of the mean m1/gm/min) were middle cerebral artery territory cortex (0’()o32 ± 0.0002 versus 0.0030 ± 0.0002; p = 0.42), diencephalon (0.0031 ± 0.0003 versus 0.0029 ± 0.0002; p = 0.50), midbrain (0.0028 ± 0.0002 versus 0.0027 ± 0.0002; p = 0.86), cerebeUum (0.0036 ± 0.0003 versus 0.0029 ± 0.0002; p =0.22), and spinal cord (0.0035 ± 0.0003 versus 0.0041 ± 0.0008; p =0.48). There were no significant differences in transfer coefficients between animals placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and control animals in any brain region examined. The pituitary gland lacks a blood-brain barrier and had a correspondingly high coefficient in control animals and those undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (0.077 ± 0.012 versus 0.048 ± 0.008; p = 0.07). Two hours of moderately hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass does not disrupt the blood-brain barrier. (J THORAC CARDIOVASC SURG 1992;104:1110-5)
Cognitive effects of estradiol after menopause: A randomized trial of the timing hypothesis.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that effects of estrogen-containing hormone therapy on cognitive abilities differ between postmenopausal women near to, and further from, menopause. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, healthy women within 6 years of menopause or 10+ years after menopause were randomly assigned to oral 17β-estradiol 1 mg/d or placebo. Women with a uterus received cyclic micronized progesterone vaginal gel or placebo. The primary outcome assessed at 2.5 and 5 years, compared between treatment groups, was change in a standardized composite of neuropsychological test scores assessing verbal episodic memory. Secondary outcomes assessed executive functions and global cognition. Results: A total of 567 women were included in modified intention-to-treat analyses after a mean treatment duration of 57 months. For verbal memory, the mean estradiol minus placebo standardized difference in composite scores (−0.06, 95% confidence interval −0.22 to 0.09) was not significant (2-tailed p = 0.33). Differences were similar in early and late postmenopause groups (2-tailed interaction p = 0.88). Interactions between postmenopause groups and differences between treatment groups were not significant for executive functions or global cognition. Conclusions: Estradiol initiated within 6 years of menopause does not affect verbal memory, executive functions, or global cognition differently than therapy begun 10+ years after menopause. Estradiol neither benefits nor harms these cognitive abilities regardless of time since menopause. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that estradiol initiated within 6 years of menopause does not affect cognition at 2.5 years differently than estradiol initiated 10+ years after menopause.
Relationship between hemodynamics and hemorrheology in chronic cor pulmonale

Hemodynamics, hemorrheology and blood gases were studied in 20 patients with stable chronic cor pulmonale. Blood viscosity was affected by hematocrit and blood gases, which acted on pulmonary pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance and right cardiac output. Blood viscosity was measured in the shear stress rate of 5.75, 11.5, 23, 46, 115 and 230 s-1. The decrease in plasma pH and PaO2 elevated high shear stress blood viscosity, pulmonary arterial pressure, total pulmonary vascular resistance and decreased right cardiac output, O2 administration decreased in high shear stress blood viscosity, but increased in low shear stress blood viscosity. Blood viscosity was positively correlated with hematocrit, which varied in different shear stress rate, the relative coefficient was the highest when the shear stress rate was in 11.5 s-1 (r = 0.9288 P less than 0.001). Pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were positively correlated with high shear stress blood viscosity but uneffected by low shear stress blood viscosity. The increasing in high shear stress blood viscosity decreased the right cardiac output. Rigidity of red blood cell may play an important role in regulating pulmonary circulation and right heart function.
Theor y of a Symmetry-Breaking Phase-Transition in a Surface-Layer of Nematic Liquid-Crystal

For a surface interaction linear in the order parameter and favoring an orientation in which liquid crystalline molecules lie parallel to the surface (but which is independent of whether the orientation is uniaxial or isotropic in the bounding plane), a symmetry-breaking phase transition in a surface layer is possible at temperatures above that of the bulk isotropic to nematic transition. At the surface transition, the high-temperature in-plane isotropic state becomes unstable with respect to a biaxial phase, the transition being continuous and therefore of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type. It is expected to occur for intermediate surface couplings but not at very weak or very strong couplings. The bulk phase always remains disordered
DNMT1 Cxxc Domain Can Functionally Substitute In An MLL Fusion Protein

Abstract 4193 The MLL gene encodes a multi-domain protein that is involved in the maintenance of Hox gene expression during development and hematopoiesis, and was first identified through its involvement in chromosome translocations that cause leukemia. The CXXC domain of MLL, which is retained in leukemic MLL fusion proteins, is a cysteine rich DNA binding domain, with specificity for binding nonmethylated CpG-containing DNA, and is essential for MLL fusion proteins9 oncogenic properties. We performed domain swap experiments in which CXXC domains from other proteins were swapped in to replace MLL9s CXXC domain in the context of an oncogenic MLL fusion. CXXC domains from DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), CpG binding protein (CGBP), and methyl-CpG binding domain protein 1 (MBD1), as well as a methyl binding domain (MBD) from MBD1 were swapped into the MLL-AF9 fusion. These particular domains were chosen because their described CpG DNA binding capacity is either similar or different from that described for MLL. In vitro colony assays on isolated murine bone marrow progenitor cells infected with domain swapped or wild type MLL-AF9 fusion genes were performed in order to determine whether CpG binding domains from other proteins would affect the ability of MLL-AF9 to give an enhanced proliferative capacity to bone marrow progenitor cells. In vivo murine studies determined whether the different CpG binding domains alter the ability of MLL fusion proteins to cause leukemia. We predicted that the different CpG binding domains would change the strength or specificity of MLL binding to DNA, which would affect the ability of MLL-AF9 to cause leukemia. The results of both in vitro replating assays and in vivo leukemogenesis experiments have shown significant differences between the ability of various CpG DNA binding domains to function in the context of an MLL-AF9 fusion protein. MLL-AF9 containing the DNMT1 CXXC domain shows robust in vitro colony forming activity and in vivo leukemogenesis activity, similar to the oncogenic MLL-AF9 fusion. However, MLL-AF9 containing either the CXXC domain from CGBP or MBD1, or the MBD domain of MBD1 all show reduced colony forming ability and leukemogenicity in vivo. In vitro DNA binding experiments are currently being performed to directly measure and compare the DNA binding affinity of the CXXC domain from MLL to the other domain swap proteins. Preliminary data suggests that MLL CXXC has a stronger DNA binding affinity to non-methylated DNA compared to the other CXXC domains. Furthermore, the DNMT and CGBP CXXC domains both show lower affinity DNA binding compared to MLL CXXC, but they have different effects in MLL-AF9. This suggests that CXXC domain properties in addition to DNA binding affinity, perhaps including protein recruitment, also contribute to an MLL fusion protein9s leukemogenic properties. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
LITERATURA COLOMBIANA Y DE LOS COLOMBIANOS (COLONIA Y SIGLO XIX).

La necesidad de revisar y estudiar el aporte de los colombianos, durante todaslas epocas a la literatura tanto nacional como extranjera, es imperante; ya que, alo largo de los siglos se forjaron gradualmente las bases de lo que es en laactualidad la literatura colombiana. Nuestros antepasados lucharon denodamentepor establecer los cimientos de nuestro presente, pero infortunadamente la falta deinvestigaciones sobre el quehacer intelectual que ellos realizaron permite que laliteratura colombiana se vea a lo largo del tiempo como constituida solo por algunoshombres. Para subsanar en parte esta carencia, se hara una lectura breve detextos de tres escritores colombianos: dos novelistas: Pedro de Solis y Valenzuelay Felix Manuel Tanco y Bosmeniel, y un ensayista: Juan Garcia del Rio.
Leucemia in childhood

E U C E M I A in childhood is a fatal systemic disease affecting chiefly the blood forming oreans'~ of the body. At some time during the course of the disease, abno,rmal leucocytes can be demonstrated in the peripheral blood, the bone marrow, or both. The cause of the disease is not known but it is generally accepted that Ieueemia is related to the neoplastic group of conditions. The purpose o f this paper is to present a review of the clinical and roentgenographie findings in a large series of cases off leucemia occurring in infants and children. IV[ATERIAL
Classification of biological and bioinspired aquatic systems: A review

Abstract Robotic systems capable of aquatic movement has increased exploitation in recent years due to the diverse range of missions that can be performed in otherwise hostile environments. These aquatic unmanned vehicles (AUVs) have begun to transition to systems that replicate biological animals as they are already extremely efficient at moving in aqueous environments. The result is the abandonment of inefficient propeller based locomotion for a biological locomotion type suitable for the specific mission. There is a diverse range of biological locomotion's available with animals that give a range of criteria to follow. In this review, existing aquatic animals and found AUVs are classified. How the bioinspired systems compare to the animals in their locomotion is investigated and discussed. Then, it is discussed what makes these systems bioinspired and biomimetic, and the AUVs that fall into these distinctive categories. Limitations and future recommendations on possible improvements for these systems are offered.
A Conceptual Framework for Assessment Literacy: Opportunities for Physical Education Teacher Education

ABSTRACTAlthough more nuanced understandings of assessment have been proposed in the physical education literature, assessment practices remain relatively underdeveloped, and when used, tend to focus on traditional, summative evaluations of learning. However, physical education teacher education programs can be used as an intervention to help pre-service teachers develop assessment knowledge and skill. Toward this end, the purpose of this article is to propose an evidence-based framework for helping pre-service teachers develop assessment literacy that is rooted in occupational socialization theory. The framework provides a four-phase approach to integrating assessment into teacher education, and includes suggestions for how physical education teacher educators can progressively help build pre-service teachers’ assessment knowledge in line with the focus given to instruction and planning. These suggestions acknowledge the technical and sociocultural aspects of learning to use assessment. Implications are ...
The Biochemistry of Imaginal Disk Development

The extensive developmental studies conducted by Ernst Hadorn, his students and his colleagues, and reviewed in this volume, have made imaginal disks of Drosophila one of the most extensively characterized embryonic tissues known. Through numerous investigations on determination, trans determination and differentiation imaginal disks have emerged as not only convenient tissues for biological studies, but also for molecular studies. Many important requirements for molecular biological investigations on development are met by disks. First, Drosophila melanogaster is by far the best genetically characterized multicellular organism and therefore the important advantages supplied by genetic techniques are available. Furthermore, most of the known mutants of Drosophila affect disks or structures derived from disks. Thus, mutants are available which affect viability of specific cells within disks (Fristrom, 1969a; Spreij, 1971), the viability of all disks (El Shatoury and Waddington, 1957; Stewart et al. , 1972), the developmental fate of disks (Lewis, 1964; Gehring, 1966; Ouweneel, 1969 a, b), growth of disks (Gateff and Schneiderman, 1969; Stewart et al., 1972), and possibly the capacity of disks to differentiate at metamorphosis (Stewart et al., 1972). Additionally the systematic recovery and use of temperature sensitive mutants (Suzuki, 1970) offers an important tool both to the developmental and the molecular biologist. The characteristics of imaginal disk differentiation during the prepupal period (which we call “disk metamorphosis” in this monograph) are also noteworthy.
The Economic Value of Genetic Diversity for Crop Improvement: Theory and Application

It is often argued that maintaining genetic diversity is a valuable insurance policy against crop failure. In this paper the economic value of diversity is related to the scarcity of genetic resources. Different modes of analysis are proposed for qualitative and quantitative genetic attributes, although both approaches can be related to the theory of order statistics. Economic value is “value on the margin.” While the total worth to society of agricultural genetic resources is immeasurable, the marginal value is typically much smaller. Additional biological diversity for use in agricultural improvement may be thought of as more “draws” to be taken from a random sample of potential outcomes in which only the best is chosen for cultivation. Value on the margin is then the expected improvement in the welfare realized from the best in the sample. When the numbers of potential progenitors available for agricultural improvement is large, the marginal value of additional biodiversity can become quite small. These principles are illustrated with an example from a teak forestry improvement program.
A Precision Low Temperature X-Ray Camera

In many fields of cryogenic work the design of the equipment depends solely on the low temperature requirements and in many cases where actual physical measurements are required, the method of measurement can readily be adapted to the low temperature design. However, this is not the case in measuring lattice parameters by the Debye-Scherrer powder method as the X-ray optical requirements of the instrument must remain, in essence, the same as those of conventional room temperature cameras. In general it is best to consider the problem as one of adapting a conventional room temperature design to take in low temperatures as well. The basic problem is therefore one of locating and rotating a specimen, of accurately controlled and measured temperature, in a collimated X-ray beam with provision for recording the diffracted X-ray beams over nearly the whole angular field of diffraction.
Involuntary Civil Commitment: Concerning the Grounds of Ethics

The essays contained in this book are about power. They are about the power of concepts, about the power of words, and the power of institutions, and the power of persons. But the power in each case is not merely the power of a bulldozer, for a bulldozer’s power is physical. The power of psychiatrists and judges is of a different kind, because they are empowered and empower. In other words, theirs is a social power. To a large extent, the issues which motivate the collection of the essays in this volume concern the proper scope and limits of social power. But social power is ethereal when it is possessed and exercised without physical powers. Thus, limitations on power are sometimes physical, if, say, the carburetor on a bulldozer is not working right, but sometimes questions of limitations arise about whether power should be compromised or contained — whether anyone could or should have the authority to order and use physical power to enforce anything as dubious as involuntary civil commitment, for example. Thus, beyond being about power, the essays in this book are also about social rationality. They concern themsevles with understanding rationality and its opposites (e.g., insanity) both in terms of what they mean and in terms of how such meanings do and should shape society.
Predictors of progression in patients with high-grade appendiceal or colorectal adenocarcinoma after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

e14573 Background: High-grade peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) secondary to appendiceal or colorectal cancer is marked by short progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. Treatment include...
Sit-in as argument and the perils of misuse

AbstractThis essay focuses on the sit-in as an argument enacted by social and labor movement activists. Informed by earlier research, I discern a general argument of the sit-in and isolate a recent...
Depression and Infection Rates in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients

Introduction and Objectives Clinical and epidemiological data suggest that depression may increase the risk for infection. Infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We investigated the impact of depression on infection rates in patients undergoing autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant at a single center. Methods We analyzed data from University of California San Diego's Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant program to compare outcomes after autologous (n= 472) and allogeneic (n= 259) transplants in patients with hematologic malignancies and with an existing diagnosis of depression versus no depression. Using chi-square testing, we compared the infection rates between patients with or without depression. Results The study included 162 (22.2%) patients with depression versus 568 (77.9%) without depression who underwent allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplant between 2012 and 2017. Using Pearson Chi-square testing, patients with depression had a higher rate of infections (55.6%) versus patients without depression (41%, p=0.001). Depression was associated with multiple infection sites (25% vs 17%, p=0.029), increased risk for bacterial infection (44% versus 28.5%, P Conclusion In our retrospective analysis depression was associated with higher rates of overall infection, bacterial, and fungal infection among hematopoietic transplant patients. Depression was also associated with increased risk for both acute and chronic graft versus host disease. If our observation is confirmed prospectively, then interventions aimed at depression, might improve infection rates in transplant patients.
Professional sports as economic activity magnets: Some evidence from employment microdata

Proponents of subsidies for professional sports argue that new sports facilities can revitalize neighborhoods, because they attract large crowds of people and thereby act as magnets of economic act...
Design for Reliability with Early Design Approach

With increasing demand of IoT device and Autonomous driving technology, the need for high performance designs to perform reliably under extreme conditions has become an absolute necessity. In addition to the harsh conditions, the devices must be able to work at high speeds to meet the performance demands. This means the hardware must work in very high temperatures and harsh environmental conditions quickly and reliably. This causes increasing challenges in Reliability verification of hardware designs to ensure the machine is both robust and reliable. There are various reliability aspects such as latch-up, electrostatic discharge (ESD), hot carrier effects and electromigration that are observed in IC design. Several factors impact the reliability verification of design such as process technology used, library design, routing, frequency, voltage and the usage conditions. In order to model all of this correctly, Sign off RV is run in final stages of design when all the layout and design collaterals have stabilized and this effort spent on fixing RV has an impact on Time to Market. In this paper we mainly show how some of the electromigration challenges can be addressed in design early on through correct by construction approach.
Metastatic brain tumor models and drug brain penetration analysis

Abstract Among the adult brain tumors, metastatic brain tumors are the most frequently observed in the United States. The high mortality of metastatic brain tumors is partly due to poor drug accumulation in the brain, accounting for persistent treatment failure. The three critical elements for successful selection of novel drugs for the treatment of metastatic brain tumors are effective drug carriers for blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration, sensitive measurement of drug uptake in the brain, and relevant mouse metastatic brain tumor models. In this chapter, we discuss various animal models for metastatic brain tumor investigation, functions of the BBB, measurement of drug intake in brain and drug carriers for drug BBB penetration and brain accumulation. We believe that with the advancement and improvement of technology, new drugs with high BBB penetration and strong anticancer activity will be more readily available for treatment of human metastatic brain tumors.
Use of novel therapies in the treatment of light chain amyloidosis

Immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare life-threatening disease caused by light chains that are toxic to vital organs such as the heart, kidneys, liver and peripheral nervous system, and that misfold and assemble as amyloid fibrils and deposit both in affected organs and systemically in the vasculature and other tissues. Patients afflicted by this disease have B-cell disorders, almost always related to clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, the burden of which can range from small clones involving 5% or less of marrow cells to frank multiple myeloma. The goal of therapy is to eliminate the clonal plasma cells producing these toxic light chains to halt and possibly reverse symptomatic organ damage. While autologous stem cell transplantation can be a very effective treatment modality in AL, it has a limited role due to the frailty of this particular population. Conservative treatment in the form of chemotherapy has become the backbone of therapy. Bortezomib combined with alkylators has proven quite successful in inducing hematologic responses. However, despite these advances, tolerability and resistance continue to be an ongoing issue. Novel anti-plasma cell therapies such as ixazomib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide and pomalidomide are actively being combined and evaluated in clinical trials for efficacy and toxicity in this challenging patient population. Other approaches, such as monoclonal antibodies targeting surface proteins and amyloid deposits, are being tested and combined with novel agents. In this review, we will provide an overview of the clinical trials that have led to current treatment algorithms and will also discuss monoclonal antibodies currently under investigation and in various stages of clinical development.
Endogenous activity modulates stimulus and circuit-specific neural tuning and perception

Abstract Perception reflects not only input from the sensory periphery, but also the endogenous neural state when sensory inputs enter the brain. Whether endogenous neural states influence perception only through global mechanisms, such as arousal, or can also perception in a neural circuit and stimulus specific manner remains largely unknown. Intracranial recordings from 30 pre-surgical epilepsy patients showed that endogenous activity independently modulated the strength of trial-by-trial neural tuning of different visual category-selective neural circuits. Furthermore, the same aspect of the endogenous activity that influenced tuning in a particular neural circuit also correlated with reaction time only for trials with the category of image that circuit was selective for. These results suggest that endogenous activity may influence neural tuning and perception through circuit-specific predictive coding processes.
Understanding lung cancer screening behaviour using path analysis.

ObjectiveUnderstanding lung cancer screening behaviour is crucial to identifying potentially modifiable factors for future intervention. Qualititative work has explored attitudes and beliefs about ...
Effect of Fosamax combined with Hyperbaric Oxygen on knee osteoarthritis in elderly patients

Objective Effect of Fosamax combined with HBO on knee osteoarthritis in elderly patients.Methods Eighty-two elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into 2 groups:the first group was administered with Fosamax combined with HBO for two weeks,the second group simply received Fosamax for two weeks,with each group consisting of 41 patients.And all the patients received the same physical rehabilitation exercise instructions.Pain scores,quadriceps muscle strength and range of motion were evaluated at week 2,4,12 and 72 respectively.Results Fosamax combined with HBO could obviously relieve pain and improve muscle strength and range of motion of the patients.Significant differences could be noted,when comparisons were made between the 2 groups.Conclusions Fosamax combined with HBO seemed quite effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in elderly patients. Key words: Hyperbaric oxygen; Fosamax; Knee arthritis; Elderly; Effect
Antisocial Behavior: the Impact of Psychopathic Traits, Heart Rate Variability, and Gender

Psychopathic traits and emotion regulation (ER) deficits increase vulnerability to engage in antisocial behavior (ASB), even in community contexts (e.g., college students engaging in risky driving, plagiarism, assaults, etc.). These behaviors are often illegal and risk harm to others, motivating research to understand and manage them. However, the potential moderating role of ER on the relationship between psychopathy and ASB, and how this may vary by gender, is unknown. The present study examined this question using vagally mediated high frequency heart rate variability (HRV) as an autonomic nervous system correlate of ER. We hypothesized that meanness and disinhibition traits influence on ASB would be buffered by high resting HRV, and further vary by gender. Undergraduate students (n = 122, 65% female, ages 18–24 years, 71% Caucasian) reported on psychopathic traits and ASB prior to baseline HRV assessment. Psychopathic disinhibition uniquely predicted ASB in men and women. The role of meanness was qualified by gender and HRV. Specifically, high HRV in women buffered against high meanness expression as ASB, while the relationship was not significant for men. Findings suggest that expression of certain psychopathic traits as ASB may depend upon one’s gender and cardiac vagal ER processes. Thus, it may be helpful to consider biological factors in assessment and treatment of personality traits and antisocial behavior.
Patients Perceptions of Telemedicine Visits Before and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Purpose: This study sought to determine whether the necessitated use of telemedicine due to coronavirus disease 2019, and limited choice of both the provider and patient, impacts the perceptions of...