cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of a receptor for human parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related peptide.

Abstract The human parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor (hPTH1R), containing a 9-amino acid sequence of rhodopsin at its C terminus, was transiently expressed in COS-7 cells and solubilized with 0.25% n-dodecyl maltoside. Approximately 18 μg of hPTH1R were purified to homogeneity per mg of crude membranes by single-step affinity chromatography using 1D4, a monoclonal antibody to a rhodopsin epitope. The N terminus of the hPTH1R is Tyr23, consistent with removal of the 22-amino acid signal peptide. Comparisons of hPTH1R by quantitative immunoblotting and Scatchard analysis revealed that 75% of the receptors in membrane preparations were functional; there was little, if any, loss of functional receptors during purification. The binding affinity of the purified hPTH1R was slightly lower than membrane-embedded hPTH1R (K d = 16.5 ± 1.3versus 11.9 ± 1.9 nm), and the purified receptors bound rat [Nle8,21,Tyr34]PTH-(1–34)-NH2(PTH-(1–34)), and rat [Ile5,Trp23,Tyr36]PTHrP-(5–36)-NH2with indistinguishable affinity. Maximal displacement of125I-PTH-(1–34) binding by rat [α−aminoisobutyric acid (Aib)1,3,Nle8,Gln10,Har11,Ala12,Trp14,Arg19,Tyr21]PTH-(1–21)-NH2and rat [Aib1,3,Gln10,Har11,Ala12,Trp14]PTH-(1–14)-NH2of 80 and 10%, respectively, indicates that both N-terminal and juxtamembrane ligand binding determinants are functional in the purified hPTH1R. Finally, PTH stimulated [35S]GTPγS incorporation into Gαs in a time- and dose-dependent manner, when recombinant hPTH1R, Gαs-, and βγ-subunits were reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. The methods described will enable structural studies of the hPTH1R, and they provide an efficient and general technique to purify proteins, particularly those of the class II G protein-coupled receptor family.
Fibrous histiocytoma simulating congenital fibromatosis: a light-, electron microscopic and tissue culture study.

The unusual occurrence of a fibrous histiocytoma of subcutaneous soft tissues, bones, and viscera is described in a newborn infant. The clinical and radiologie picture simulated a congenital fibromatosis, but histologic, electronmicroscopic and tissue culture studies indicated a malignant tumor with a bimodal cell population resembling immature fibroblasts and histiocytes. Although less mature and more uniform, it essentially parallels the findings in the adult malignant fibrous histiocytomas.
Vibrational Spectra of Trifluorothiolacetic Acid: Hydrogen Bonding and Conformational Effects:

Infrared spectra were obtained for trifluorothiolacetic acid in the vapor, liquid, and solid states, and the Raman spectrum of the liquid was obtained. The spectra have been interpreted in terms of two rotational isomers being present in the liquid state, with the hydrogen atom being either eclipsed with or trans to the oxygen. The solid state spectrum was interpreted to be due to a hydrogen-bonded dimer. The absence of the hydrogen bonding in the liquid indicates a hydrogen bond energy of only a few hundred calories per mole. A vibrational assignment is proposed.
Optimum biasing and design of high performance double gate MOSFET RF mixers

The optimum biasing conditions and structural design parameters for novel nano-scale radio frequency mixers based on single double gate MOSFET is investigated. Our objective is to analyze and identify the correlation of the conversion gain of the mixer circuit with the signal conditions at the local oscillator as well as different device parameters, such as the gate length (L gate ), doping concentration (N A ) and body thickness (t Si ), thus minimizing signal loss and power consumption. The most important figure of merit in the mixer performance is found to be the LO DC bias that determines the level of non-linearity in the transconductance response. Furthermore, we observe that in properly designed double gate MOSFETs (L gate ≥ 3t Si ), L gate and N A have limited impact on the conversion gain of the mixer, while t Si has a more significant role to play. Although the mixing performance of double gate MOSFETs is ultimately limited by the short channel effects perpetrated by any given structural constraint, an optimum body thickness tSi exists in each case to maximize the conversion gain. Thus, we illustrate how 2D and quantum-corrected simulations can identify the optimum body thickness and optimum bias conditions in such compact nano-scale mixers.
Expert database systems: knowledge/data management environments for intelligent information systems

Abstract Expert database systems (EDS) are database management systems (DBMS) endowed with knowledge and expertise to support knowledge-based applications which access large shared databases. The architectures, tools and techniques needed to build such systems are varied, and draw upon such fields as artificial intelligence, database management and logic programming. It is precisely the confluence of ideas from these fields that provides the synergism for new insights and tools for building intelligent information systems. Expertise may reside within the system to improve performance by providing intelligent question-answering, using database semantic integrity constraints for query optimization and combining knowledge-and data-driven search techniques in efficient inference schemes. Conversely, expertise may reside outside the system in knowledge-based application that interpret vast quantities of data and make decision-impelling recommendations to users. Thus the goal of EDS research and development is to provide tools and techniques to make databases “active” agents that can reason, and to allow database systems to support artificial intelligence applications that manage and access large knowledge bases and databases. Expert database systems allow the specification, prototyping and implementation of knowledge-based information systems that represent a vertical extension beyond well-defined, transaction-oriented systems to those with knowledge-directed reasoning and interpretation.
Xanthine oxidase mediates myocardial injury after hepatoenteric ischemia-reperfusion

Objectives: To determine if myocardial injury results from hepatoenteric ischemia-reperfusion. We also proposed to determine if this remote heart injury is mediated by a xanthine oxidase-dependent mechanism. Design: Randomized, controlled animal study. Setting: University-based animal research facility. Subjects: Thirty-six New Zealand white male rabbits, weighing 1.8 to 3 kg. Interventions: Anesthetized rabbits were randomly assigned to one of four groups (n = 9 per group): a) a sham-operated group; b) a sham-operated group pretreated with sodium tungstate (xanthine oxidase inactivator); c) an aorta occlusion group; and d) an aorta occlusion group pretreated with sodium tungstate. Descending thoracic aorta occlusion was maintained for 40 mins with a 4-Fr Fogarty embolectomy catheter, followed by 2 hrs of reperfusion. Measurements and Main Results: Myocardial injury, manifested by increased circulating creatine kinase-MB fraction activity, was significantly associated with aortic occlusion and reperfusion (p < .05). Sodium tungstate pretreatment significantly (p <.05) reduced circulating and myocardial xanthine oxidase activity. Xanthine oxidase inactivation by sodium tungstate significantly decreased circulating creatine kinase-MB fraction activity after hepatoenteric ischemia-reperfusion (p <.05). Finally, circulating creatine kinase-MB fraction activity was significantly associated with circulating xanthine oxidase activity (r 2 =.85; p <.001). Conclusions: We conclude that remote myocardial injury is caused by hepatoenteric ischemia-reperfusion. The pathoetiology of this myocardial injury involves a xanthine oxidase-dependent mechanism.
Bringing the mountain to Mohammed: developing a faculty multimedia program

Just as information technology has made a tremendous impact in business and with researchers around the world, so too can it impact the learning process in the college classroom by improved conveyance of information, promotion of new insights, customizing the learning environment for each student, and freeing the mind from traditional methodologies. However, most classes are still taught with traditional lectures and traditional tools such as blackboards and chalk, essentially unchanged since the Middle Ages. The highest technical level seen in many classrooms is the use of overhead projectors and plastic foil transparencies.Faculty members have not been bringing the multimedia technologies available today into the classroom. The most pressing reason for this is that faculty members in general do not receive recognition or reward for their teaching skills or teaching related publications. Faculty members at Tulane and at many other Universities receive their primary rewards (tenure, salary and promotion) for superior research efforts resulting in research related publications. Another reason for the slow trickling of high tech into the classroom is that resources are often not available to faculty members who desire to bring information technology into the classroom. The faculty member may not have adequate access to the local computing facilities for the preparation of computer-based materials and information. Some faculty members are inexperienced with computers and will find it difficult to begin learning to use computers. Faculty members are unfamiliar with what sorts of educational purposes computer technology might be good for within their own fields. And faculty members who spend so much time on the rewarding endeavor of doing good and valuable research do not have much time to develop ordinary lecture materials, much less information technology based multimedia lecture materials.
FIRST- AND SECOND-CLASS CONSTRAINTS IN SUPER-BRST

Using the recently obtained supersymmetric Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin transformations, we derive BRST- and supersymmetry-invariant equations which consist of the usual first- or second-class constraints plus ghost contributions. The ghost additions to the second-class constraints make them first-class.
Interictal Behavioral Changes in Epilepsy

Common behavioral alterations associated with epilepsy include increased interest in philosophical and religious concerns, increased and extensive writing of a cosmic or philosophical nature, changes in sexual behavior, and aggressiveness. Psychological stress, the effects of anticonvulsant therapy, and the actual occurrence of seizures or convulsions can be ruled out as possible causes of the syndrome. It is speculated that these behavioral alterations are the result of an intermittent spike focus in the temporal lobe that leads to an alteration in the responsiveness of the limbic system. Thus, there is a heightened emotional response to many stimuli as well as a decrease in sexual responsiveness. In an effort to discover the cause of the high incidence of sexual alterations, abnormalities in response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were found in a group of patients with partial complex seizures, some of whom had no overt sexual dysfunction and had never received anticonvulsant therapy.
Identification of a specific binding protein for sex steroids in the plasma of the male little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus lucifugus.

A specific sex steroid-binding protein (SBP) was identified in the plasma of the male little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus lucifugus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Electrophoresis of bat plasma in 5% polyacrylamide gels yielded an active molecular species with a mobility distinctly different from albumin. This protein had high binding affinities for 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol, and testosterone but low or negligible affinities for estrone, progesterone, androstenedione, or cortisol. The association constant for binding with DHT was calculated by Scatchard analysis to be 5.77 × 109 M−1. Using a DEAE-cellulose filter assay, the concentrations of SBP (mean ± SE) measured in males collected during the summer spermatogenic period were (i) 3.07 ± 0.43 × 10−7 M (early July), (ii) 1.64 ± 0.21 × 10−7 M (late July), and (iii) 2.07 ± 0.22 × 10−7 M (mid-August). The presence of SBP in the plasma of Myotis l. lucifugus, a species which has a wide seasonal variation in plasma testosterone levels with an extremely high summer peak, could provide valuable information on the physiological role of SBP. Previously, SBP has not been demonstrated in Chiroptera.
Career Process and Advising: Tools for the Advisor

The author provides a user-friendly, seven-step model for the career-decision process. Advisors can use it to help students make career and academic choices. Practical guidelines for discussions be...
A new synthetic route to enhance polyaniline assembly on carbon nanotubes in tubular composites

In tubular nanocomposites prepared from carbon nanotubes and polyaniline, carbon nanotubes can improve the structural ordering, compactness, delocalization of charges and carrier mobility. Such properties are very much critical in the case of organic semiconducting materials for electronics applications. In this paper we describe the synthesis of a nanotubular composite of polyaniline and carbon nanotube using p-phenylenediamine functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. This functionalization helped to disperse the nanotubes well in acidic solution. The in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of these well dispersed nanotubes gave rise to a new tubular composite of carbon nanotubes having a uniform encapsulation of doped polyaniline. It also improved the structural order, molecular packing and delocalization of the charges in the material.
Moisture diffusion properties of HFPE‐II‐52 polyimide

Moisture diffusion properties of the polyimide HFPE-II-52 were determined using weight gain, weight loss, and swelling experiments over a temperature range of 25–200°C. Below 100°C, diffusivity was measured using standard weight loss and weight gain methods. Above 100°C, diffusivity is found by weight loss experiments performed by placing moisture saturated samples in an oven and recording weight loss dynamically. The diffusivity of the polyimide was found to obey the Arrhenius relation over the entire range of temperature. Weight gain experiments were performed to determine the equilibrium level of moisture absorbed by the polyimide as a function of relative humidity. Swelling experiments were performed to measure swelling strain as a function of moisture absorption. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3471-3479, 2006
Resistance to ultraviolet-induced mutagenesis in Proteus.

A survey of the mutagenic activity of UV-irradiation in 20 bacterial strains of theProteus group indicated that resistance to UV-mutagenesis is characteristic of these organisms.
Levels of self-awareness after acute brain injury: How patients' and rehabilitation specialists' perceptions compare

Abstract Abreu BC, Seale G, Scheibel RS, Huddleston N, Zhang L, Ottenbacher KJ. Levels of self-awareness after acute brain injury: how patients' and rehabilitation specialists' perceptions compare. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:49-56. Objective: To examine self-awareness regarding performance on 4 daily living tasks and to test theoretical predictions for a model of self-awareness in persons with acquired brain injury. Design: A comparative design examining the level of self-awareness recorded by patients and actual patient performance as judged by rehabilitation clinicians. Setting: A community-based residential center providing comprehensive rehabilitation services to persons with acquired brain injury. Participants: Fifty-five persons with acquired brain injury and the identified potential to return to independent function in the community. Ten subjects without brain injury provided comparison data. Intervention: Information was collected by using patient self-report, clinician rating of patient performance, patient rating of non-brain-injured subjects, and clinician rating of non-brain-injured subjects. Main Outcome Measures: Three self-awareness criteria were examined: intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory. Self-awareness was rated for 3 tasks: dressing, meal planning, and money management. Results: Statistically significant differences (p
Superparamagnetic relaxation of Fe deposited on MgO(001).

Superparamagnetic behavior is investigated for Fe grown at 700 K onto MgO(001) to a thickness equivalent to that of a ten monolayer film. Two such Fe deposits separated by a 200-A deposit of MgO exhibit a ferromagnetic response with no hysteresis at either 300 or 150 K, but with identical reduced magnetization curves {ital M}({ital H}/{ital T}) which confirms the existence of superparamagnetism. {ital M}({ital H}) data at 300 K were fitted to a Langevin function to yield an average particle size of 100 A diameter. {ital M}({ital T}) for field-cooled and zero-field-cooled samples shows behavior characteristic of superparamagnetic particles with a distribution in particle size. Time-dependent remanent magnetization data measured over a 20 h period at various temperatures show nonexponential decay attributed to the distribution in particle size and interactions among the particles.
Selective-diffusion regularization for enhancement of microcalcifications in digital breast tomosynthesis reconstruction.

Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to improve mass detection. Detection of microcalcifications is more challenging because of the large breast volume to be searched for subtle signals. The simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) was found to provide good image quality for DBT, but the image noise is amplified with an increasing number of iterations. In this study, the authors developed a selective-diffusion (SD) method for noise regularization with SART to improve the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of microcalcifications in the DBT slices for human or machine detection. Methods: The SD method regularizes SART reconstruction during updating with each projection view. Potential microcalcifications are differentiated from the noisy background by estimating the local gradient information. Different degrees of regularization are applied to the signal or noise classes, such that the microcalcifications will be enhanced while the noise is suppressed. The new SD method was compared to several current methods, including the quadratic Laplacian (QL) method, the total variation (TV) method, and the nonconvex total p-variation (TpV) method for noise regularization with SART. A GE GEN2 prototype DBT system with a stationary digital detector was used for the acquisition of DBT scans at 21 angles in 3° increments over a ±30° range. The reconstruction image quality without regularization and that with the different regularization methods were compared using the DBT scans of an American College of Radiology phantom and a human subject. The CNR and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the line profiles of microcalcifications within the in-focus DBT slices were used as image quality measures. Results: For the comparison of large microcalcifications in the DBT data of the subject, the SD method resulted in comparable CNR to the nonconvex TpV method. Both of them performed better than the other two methods. For subtle microcalcifications, the SD method was superior to other methods in terms of CNR. In both the subject and phantom DBT data, for large microcalcifications, the FWHM of the SD method was comparable to that without regularization, which was wider than that of the TV type methods. For subtle microcalcifications, the SD method had comparable FWHM values to the TV type methods. All three regularization methods were superior to the QL method in terms of FWHM. Conclusions: The SART regularized by the selective-diffusion method enhanced the CNR and preserved the sharpness of microcalcifications. In comparison with three existing regularization methods, the selective-diffusion regularization was superior to the other methods for subtle microcalcifications.
Decomposition of Mercuric Chloride and Application to Combustion Flue Gases

Environmental Context. The toxicity of the volatile metal mercury is well known; this Hg0 form accounts for about 99% of atmospheric mercury and the remainder the water-soluble oxidized (Hg+, Hg2+) form. The release of mercury from the atmosphere is measurable by a drop in the Hg0 levels, but to establish realistic scientific and regulatory standpoints the rate in which Hg0 converts to the oxidized forms needs to be understood. Conversely, from an industrial standpoint, understanding the rate at which the oxidized forms convert to Hg0 allows for better waste-scrubbing processes. Abstract. Theoretical rate constants and activation energies are predicted for the decomposition of mercuric chloride through the use of relativistic pseudopotentials for mercury at the B3LYP level of theory. The method and basis set combinations are validated through a comparison of theoretically determined geometries, frequencies, and reaction enthalpies to experimental values found in the literature. In addition, the theoretically predicted rate constants are compared to rate constants that have been predicted through combustion modelling of this reaction.
Perspectives on Cholera Pandemics in Africa

Review of: Africa in the Time of Cholera: A History of Pandemics from 1817 to the Present ; Myron Echenberg; (2011). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 232 pages.
Common components of patch-clamp internal recording solutions can significantly affect protein kinase A activity

Common components of whole-cell internal recording solutions were tested both in vitro and in patch-clamp experiments for their effects on the activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Potassium fluoride (KF), 440 mM trimethylamine chloride and exclusion of bovine serum albumin (BSA) decreased the activity of the enzyme, while ethylene glycol-bis (β-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and the potassium salts of aspartate, gluconate, methylsulfate and monobasic phosphate increased its activity. Addition of KF to the internal solution produced a hyperpolarizing shift in the V1/2 of Ih channel activation, consistent with the KF-induced reduction of protein kinase A activity. Therefore, consideration of the composition of internal solutions is warranted when studying channel physiology by patch-clamp techniques.
Transcriptional control regions of the adenovirus VAI RNA gene.

Abstract By constructing deletion mutations in cloned adenovirus types 2 and 5 VAI genes and measuring the ability of altered templates to direct transcription of VAI RNA in HeLa cell extracts, we have located two transcriptional control regions. The first is an intragenic region located between positions +9 and +72 relative to the 5′ end of the VAI(A) RNA. Those deletions examined within these sequences abolished the transcription of mutant templates in HeLa cell extracts. The second control region includes 5′ flanking sequences which abut the VAI coding region. Mutations here can reduce the efficiency with which the VAI gene is transcribed. Nucleotide sequence similarities were noted on comparison of the VAI intragenic control region to tRNA sequences, which lead us to speculate that the transcriptional regulation of these two types of genes may be quite similar; the adenovirus VA genes may even have evolved from a tRNA gene(s).
PRAME gene expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The gene PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma) was found to be expressed at high levels in a large fraction of different tumors and adult leukemias. Since PRAME is only expressed at low levels in a few normal tissues and encodes an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes, it might be a good candidate for tumor immunotherapy. In this study, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to measure PRAME gene expression in 50 children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Nine patients were also analyzed in relapse. Overexpression of PRAME was found in 42% (N = 21) of the patients. In accordance with our findings in acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients, the rate of disease-free survival was higher and white blood cell counts at diagnosis were lower in patients with an overexpression of PRAME. However, in our group of ALL patients these findings were not statistically significant. The levels of expression at diagnosis corresponded well with those at relapse (P = 0.017). Although overexpression of PRAME was less frequent than in children with AML (62%) our results suggest that PRAME could be a useful target for immunotherapy in some children with ALL.
Toxicity variations of Gymnodinium breve cultures.

Abstract Gymnodinium breve was cultured in two different artificial media. In some cultures rapid growth was attained and in others reproduction was much slower. In seeking a method of evaluating the lethality of these cultures, an attempt was made to correlate toxicity with numbers of organisms. Bio-assay methods by a standard ld 50 procedure were found preferable to the ‘mouse unit’ concept, as has been previously proposed. The cultures were extracted with ether, evaporated, emulsified with water and injected into mice. Data on 10 different cultures are presented and demonstrate a significant correlation between the cell count and the lethality of the culture in the NH-15 medium; however, this was not true with the NT-33 medium. Until a chemical or physical method for the estimation of the toxin produced by G. breve is developed, the method of choice remains the bio-assay procedure.
Fe-catalyzed single-walled carbon nanotube synthesis within a flame environment

Abstract Flame synthesis of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) is demonstrated using Fe nanoparticles [introduced by nebulization of an iron (III) nitrate salt solution] within a pyrolysis flame configuration. The roles of the nebulized solution solvent, metal nitrate concentration, pyrolysis flame gas composition, and the surrounding flame gas composition are interpreted as reflecting suitable concentrations of reactants without excessive pyrolysis products or deactivating species. The preferential reactivity of the catalyst particle toward CO and not toward C2H2 is understood as reflecting nanoparticle restructuring, interactions between co-adsorbates and reactant pyrolysis products. Fe is found to exhibit preferential reactivity toward CO for SWNT catalysis with this reactivity being strongly dependent upon catalyst particle size within our flame conditions. H2 appears to moderate the dissociative adsorption through electronic interactions with co-adsorbates, mediated by the catalyst nanoparticle and by maintaining a catalytically clean particle surface.
Application of the ratio method of EXAFS analysis to disordered systems

Abstract When moderate disorder is present, the cumulant expansion/ratio method approach to EXAFS data analysis offers an attractive alternative to nonlinear least-squares fitting of the data. Analysis by nonlinear fitting, moment expansion, and cumulant expansion are compared, and useful formulae are derived. k-dependent mean free path is also treated.
Elastic‐wave velocities in sandstones with non‐load‐bearing clay

The elastic moduli (and acoustic velocities) of shaley sandstones strongly depend on the amount of clay as well as on its position among sand grains. In many cases clay may fill pores without noticeably affecting the stiffness of the rock. Such clays are non-load-bearing. Here, the stiffness of the rock is determined primarily by the load-bearing quartz frame. We examine several data sets and show that in this case a simple unique relation exists between the acoustic velocity and the porosity of the load-bearing frame of the rock. This porosity can be calculated as the sum of the effective porosity (total porosity minus microporosity inside clay) and the volumetric fraction of clay in the rock. Also, it is the sum of the total porosity and the volumetric fraction of solid clay particles in the rock.
Quantitative 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy in normal beagles

This study was done to investigate the validity of published canine thyroid/salivary (T/S) ratios of approximately 1 in normal dogs and to determine thyroid uptake of 99mTc-pertechnetate (pertechnetate) measured as percent uptake of injected dose. These parameters were evaluated in 13 Beagle dogs over a 4 hour period. Mean +/- standard deviation (SD) and median T/S ratios of 1.2 +/- 0.3 and 1.1 were essentially the same at twenty minutes and 1 hour. T/S values ranged from 0.9 to 2.2 at 20 minutes and from 0.8 to 2.4 at 1 hour. T/S ratio values progressively declined over the subsequent time intervals with mean +/- SD and median values of 0.6 +/- 0.2 and 0.6, respectively, measured at 4 hours. The mean +/- SD maximum percent dose uptake of pertechnetate within the thyroid gland was 0.55% +/- 0.15% with a range of 0.28% to 0.90%. The mean +/- SD time interval from injection of pertechnetate to maximum uptake within the thyroid gland was 160 +/- 55 minutes with a range 31-240 minutes. The data derived from this study of normal dogs may be useful in the evaluation of dogs with thyroidal diseases including hypothyroidism.
Influence of Residual Nitrogen and Tillage on White Lupin

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) yield and forage quality depend on the tillage and residual N from a previous crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of winter white lupin seeded in two tillage systems [strip-till (ST) and conventional (CT)] to four N rates applied to a previous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) crop (0,67, 134, and 202 kg ha -1 ). The experiment was conducted in 1995-1996 and 1996-1997 growing seasons. The influence of residual N from a previous cotton crop on white lupin dry matter and grain yields, and silage N concentration varied from year to year. Residual N did not influence silage in vitro organic matter digestion (IVOMD), neutral detergent fiber on a dry matter (DM) basis (NDFt), or neutral detergent fiber ash-free (NDFaf). However, the weight of 1000 lupin seeds increased by 0.07 g for every 1 kg N applied to a previous cotton crop. Dry matter and grain lupin yields were 15 and 31% greater from ST than CT, respectively. Silage NDFt and NDFaf from ST were 6% greater than that from the CT system. However, the IVOMD, N, and P concentrations were 2, 11, and 27% greater from CT than ST, respectively. The results of this study indicate that greater dry matter and grain yields, NDFt, and NDFaf, and lesser IVOMD, N, and P concentration may be obtained from ST than CT. However, the influence of residual N on dry matter and grain yields of white lupin needs to be further defined.
An ARMs Prepayment Model: A Parsimonious Approach

This research provides evidence that a parsimonious prepayment speed model, using publicly available resources, can reasonably project prepayment speeds for single-family one-year Fannie Mae ARMs. Two incentives to refinance appear to be the two strongest predictors of projected prepayment speeds for the 1997–2001 period. A 100 basis point increase in the ARM-to-ARM incentive to refinance variable increased prepayment rates by 2.8%, holding other model variables constant. A 100 bp increase in the incentive to refinance from an adjustable-rate mortgage to a fixed-rate mortgage increased the prepayment rate of Fannie Mae-issued single-family ARMs by 2.3%. A limited approach to modeling adjustable-rate mortgages may thus be a cost-effective alternative to costlier and more sophisticated models.
Apparent seasonal variations in iron photoreduction in acidic discharge from a former pyrite mine, Oakland, California

Abstract This study investigates a watershed influenced by acid mine drainage emanating from the former Leona Heights Sulfur Mine, located in Oakland, California. The primary factors that temporally controlled the magnitude of iron photoreduction included initial iron concentration, incident ultraviolet radiation, water temperature, biotic oxidation, flow rates, and the Fe(III) species present. Vegetation was not expected to seasonally influence the amount of incoming solar radiation reaching the water surface as the tree canopy contained significant cover during both the April and July monitoring events. Accordingly, it was anticipated that iron photoreduction would be greatest during the summer when both incoming ultraviolet radiation and dissolved iron were at a maximum. This was, however, not the case. A substantial decline in the apparent magnitude of iron photoreduction occurred during the summer/dry season (July) with respect to measurements taken during the spring/wet season (April). The primary reasons for the observed phenomenon were attributed to factors which may seasonally control the physical presence of iron oxidizing bacteria at the site and water temperature, which influences the optimum rate of bacterially mediated iron oxidation.
Dynamical mass enhancement in CeAl3

Abstract The correlations that enhance the thermodynamic quantities are particularly strong in CeAl 3 . Renormalized parameters are also observed in transport, and we will report measurements of the conductivity and dielectric constant at millimeter wave frequencies demonstrating these effects. A narrow zero-frequency mode develops at low temperatures whose oscillator strength is consistent with a dynamical mass m ∗ of order 10 3 m e . As expected, the relaxation time τ ∗ is also v ery large.
A direct analytic contribution to the understanding of postpartum psychosis.

The deficiencies in our present knowledge of postpartum psychosis seem to be due to the inadequate consideration which has been given to the fantasy structures which underlie the traumatic impact of childbirth.
Interactive office documents: a new face for web 2.0 applications

As the world wide web transforms from a vehicle of information dissemination and e-commerce transactions into a writable nexus of human collaboration, the Web 2.0 technologies at the forefront of the tranformation may be seen as special cases of a more general shift in the conceptual application model of the web. This paper recognizes the conceptual transition and explores the connections to a new class of interactive office documents that become possible by tighter integration of the Open Document Format with the W3C's next generation web forms technology (XForms). The connections transcend simple provisioning of office document editing and persistence capabilities on the web. Rather, the advantages of office documents as self-contained entities that flow through a collaborative network or business process are combined with web application qualities such as intelligent behavioral interaction, in-process web service access, and control of server submission content. An office document mashup called 'Dual Forms' is presented to demonstrate the feasibility of office document centric web applications.
Numerical modeling of fluid flow and oxygen isotope exchange in the Notch Peak contact-metamorphic aureole, Utah

We investigated the macroscale fluid flow and oxygen isotope exchange in contact-metamorphic aureoles by using two-dimensional finite-element modeling. The model parameters are assigned according to geologic observations in the Notch Peak metamorphic aureole, Utah. The results show that fluid flow in contact aureoles depends strongly on time and space, unlike the commonly assumed uniform and unidirectional fluid flow in previous studies. In an aureole with homogeneous permeability, a simple convection cell develops in the inner aureole, causing δ 1 8 O values to decrease in the inner aureole and increase in the upper outer aureole. However, when the horizontally layered permeability structure of the Notch Peak aureole is represented in the model, the resulting fluid flow is concentrated within high-permeability aquifers, and local convection cells develop near the contact within each aquifer. Sub-horizontal down-temperature flow and up-temperature flow can coexist in the same aquifer. The up-temperature flow in the lower part of each aquifer mainly causes depletion of 1 8 O in the inner aureole. Release of magmatic fluid significantly enhances the depletion of 1 8 O in the inner aureole at early stages, although sub-horizontal up-temperature flow at later stages tends to reduce the effects of the early-stage exchange. The isotopic features of the Notch Peak aureole are best explained by (1) infiltration of magmatic fluid having a δ 1 8 O value of 8‰, (2) ∼10% of the wall rocks involved in the oxygen isotope exchange with fluids, (3) no isotope exchange below 250 °C and during retrograde cooling, and (4) enhanced permeability in the inner aureole in addition to the litho-logically layered permeability structure.
Rearrangement of allyl hexafluoroisopropyl sulfides [1]

Abstract The rearrangement of terminal allylic hexafluoroisopropyl sulfides to the internal olefinic sulfide occurs under either photochemical or thermal conditions. In the case of the formation of E and Z isomers, the E isomer was predominant. The rearrangement is suggested as a unimolecular, associative radical mechanism, via kinetic studies, use of inhibitors, or radical initiator.
The reduction of amides and silyl esters with trichlorosilane-t-amines

Abstract It is demonstrated that the trichlorosilane-t-amine combination is capable of reducing aromatic tertiary amides. As is customary in such reductions, the carbonyl moiety of the amide grouping is replaced by the elements of H⋯SiCl 2 . The intermediates in these reductions have been identified and characterized. A one-pot, two step synthesis has been developed for reducing aromatic tertiary amides to the corresponding benzylamines. Unexpectedly, aromatic esters proved resistants to reduction by tichlorosilane-t-amine, despite the fact that aromatic acids are readily reduced. On the other hand, silicon esters reduce with remarkable ease. The reason for the dramatic differences in rate of reduction of these carbonyl derivatives is not understood.
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis associated with bullous erysipelas

We report the case of a 65-year-old women with history of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hyperparaproteinemia kappa (IgM) who was admitted to the Dermatology Department of Rabin Medical Center because of painful erythema of the left leg associated with high fever (39 °C), which developed approximately 2 weeks before admission, and purpuric lesions over the lower extremities, which developed approximately 3 days before admission. Biopsy obtained from one of the purpuric lesions revealed changes characteristic of leukocytoclastic vasculitis, and DIF from the purpura revealed perivascular precipitates of C3; antistreptolysin antibody titer was 1 : 400. HBV, HCV serology, C3, C4, ANA and cryoglobulins were within normal limits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report indicating an association between erysipelas and leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
Reply to letter to the editor: Critically assessing the Haiti earthquake response and the barriers to quality orthopaedic care.

We thank Dr. Moyad for his constructive criticism and service to the Haitian people. His positive experience providing care in the wake of this natural disaster is testament to the power of volunteerism in resource-poor countries. After the earthquake, many medical and surgical volunteers sacrificed to provide the highest quality care to disaster casualties. These stories and tremendous worldwide response should give all of us hope regarding our international capacity for relief. Nevertheless, the intention of the publication was to provide our readership with a perspective that has remained largely elusive. Although many publications regarding the orthopaedic response to the Haiti earthquake document the quantity of procedures performed and the personal stories of the volunteers, there are few systematic documentations of the failures. Our systematic method of data collection and analysis has many weaknesses highlighted in the publication, but it provides an important window into potential ways in which we can improve and devise measures of disaster care. Many of the anecdotes associated with poor-quality care, we believe, were preventable with training. From our interviews, for example, we discovered that ill-prepared physicians such as ophthalmologists and pediatricians were performing orthopaedic surgeries without adequate training. In addition, to address Dr. Moyad’s specific point regarding fasciotomies, there is documentation to suggest that this procedure should be reconsidered in the acute muscle-crush compartment syndromes commonly found in earthquake zones. The muscle in these limbs usually is already dead and in these resource-poor settings, when damage-control orthopaedics is necessary, there is limited time for repeated operations that risk limb-threatening infection [2]. Although we will never know the specific nature of every injury treated, there clearly is room for debate and greater need for better documentation and further study of disaster response. A substantial report from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) discusses the overall lack of organization and chaotic pattern of the relief effort [1]. The foreword of the report states that the response, “included a number of wholly unprepared or even incompetent health actors who bypassed the overburdened coordination mechanisms”. For these reasons, the PAHO report highlights the need for accreditation and training in disaster response, a matter about which we disagree with Dr. Moyad. Regardless of the outcome, training courses provide volunteers with the opportunity to share stories, exchange knowledge, build expert opinion, and prepare for a variety of patient-care possibilities. We hope that formal training courses are cultivated to continue to improve the care provided to patients most in need.
Caring for women living with Sjögren's syndrome.

This article advises nurses about providing care to women who are living with Sjogren's syndrome. A chronic, autoimmune condition, Sjogren's syndrome affects mostly women and leads to visual, vocal, and vaginal problems related to dryness. A review of the literature indicates that not many women are aware of Sjogren's, and when diagnosed, are not informed about the possibility that they will have the vaginal dryness associated with the condition. Nursing implications include interventions that involve pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods to moisturize women's eyes, mouth, and vagina, increasing the comfort of those with Sjogren's syndrome.
Desensitization of adenosine A2 receptors in the striatum of the rat following chronic treatment with diazepam

Abstract Following prolonged treatment (7 days) with diazepam (10 mg/kg/day, using ALZET mini-osmotic pumps) in rats, the function of adenosine receptors was assessed in specific structures of the brain, using both agonist ligand binding and adenylate cyclase assays. Binding to A1 receptors was quantitified using [ 3 H ]N 6 -[( R )-1- methyl -2- phenylethyl ] adenosine, a selective ligand at A1 receptors. Differences in the binding of this ligand and that of [ 3 H ]5'-N- ethylcarboxamide adenosine, which binds to both A1 and A2 subtypes of receptors with similar affinities, were used to quantify A2 receptors. Treatment with diazepam failed to alter the binding of [ 3 H ]-N 6 -[( R )-1- methyl -2- phenylethyl ] adenosine in all areas of the brain studied. However, the binding of A2 receptors and A2 receptor-mediated stimulation of adenylate-cyclase were significantly attenuated in striatal membranes from diazepam-treated rats. Thus, the present study indicated that functional adenosine A2 receptors were desensitized after prolonged treatment with diazepam, since decreased agonist binding to A2 receptors paralleled an attenuation in the stimulation by adenosine of the activity of adenylate cyclase, an effect mediated by the A2 receptor. These results further indicate that the changes in adenosine A2 receptors correlated with significant short-lasting alterations in the sleep-wake cycle during the withdrawal of diazepam. The alterations in sleep-wakefulness did not correlate with the effect of diazepam on benzodiazepine receptors since no changes were observed in the binding of benzodiazepine receptors.
Properties of Molybdenum Nitride Thin Film Deposited by Reactive Sputter Deposition

Molybdenum nitride thin film was deposited on silicon wafer with the reactive sputter deposition. γ-Mo2N thin film was obtained with nitrogen content in sputtering gas varying from 10% to 30%. An amorphous structure was observed in the thin film deposited at 50% nitrogen. Crystallinity of Mo-N thin film decreased as the total sputtering gas pressure increased. SEM examinations showed that the surface morphology of Mo-N thin films varies with the nitrogen content in the sputtering gas. The sheet resistivity of as deposited thin film increases with increasing nitrogen content in sputtering gas. The amorphous thin film deposited at 50% nitrogen survived 700°C/5min thermal annealing without obvious crystallization but failed after 800°C/5min thermal annealing, in which the crystalline γ-Mo2N and h-MoSi2 phases were observed. Sheet resistivity measurement showed a decrease in thin film resistivity with increasing thermal annealing temperatures.
Finding Meaning in Loss: The Mediating Role of Social Support Between Personality and Two Construals of Meaning

Dimensions of personality may shape an individual's response to loss both directly and indirectly through its effects on other variables such as an individual's ability to seek social support. The mediating effect of social support on the relationship between personality (i.e., extraversion and neuroticism) and 2 construals of meaning (i.e., sense-making and benefit-finding) among 325 bereaved individuals was explored using path analysis. Supporting our hypotheses, social support mediated the relationship between personality and construals of meaning. Neuroticism was negatively and indirectly associated with both sense-making and benefit-finding through social support. Extraversion had a significant positive relationship to social support, which, in turn, mediated the impact of extraversion on both sense-making and benefit finding. The model explained 35% of the variance in social support, 19% of the variance in sense-making, and 25% of the variance in benefit-finding. Implications are discussed in light of existing theories of bereavement and loss.
Evaluation of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) method for the detection and identification of STEC O104 strains from sprouts.

Protocols for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) typically focus on the detection and recovery of E. coli O157:H7; however, the prevalence of outbreaks associated with non-O157 STEC are increasing and the efficacy of current testing strategies have not been fully evaluated. Non-O157 STEC are a very diverse group whose pathogenic characteristics and clinical significance have not been well established. During an outbreak situation, the rapid dissemination of specific strain characteristics can provide information needed to verify standard laboratory methodology and identify potentially effective tests to detect and recover the outbreak strain from foods. This study validated the use of a standard method to detect and recover two strains of E. coli O104 STEC at a level of approximately 1 CFU/g from sprouts. The use of additional serotype-specific real-time PCR assays and supplemental chromogenic media to assist the detection and recovery of these organisms were also evaluated.