cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A case of Takayasu arteritis causing subclavian steal and presenting as syncope.

Abstract The American Heart Association website defines syncope as “temporary loss of consciousness and posture.” Syncope is a common presentation to the Emergency Department (ED). Although case reports of subclavian steal syndrome (SSS) from Takayasu arteritis (TA) and of TA causing syncope have been rarely reported in the literature, our MEDLINE search revealed no published description of the three entities of SSS, TA, and syncope presenting simultaneously. We then describe a case of a 48-year-old woman who presented to our ED with syncope and was found to have SSS. We describe the patient's hospital course leading to the diagnosis of TA, which is a rare form of vasculitis. Finally, we briefly discuss TA, explain the mechanism of SSS in TA, and outline the diagnostic criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology for TA.
Culturally Congruent Care: Putting the Puzzle Together

This article presents the 3-D puzzle model of culturally congruent care, defines the levels and constructs employed by this model, presents some assumptions, and lays out some basic propositions as a foundation for further work. There are many extant frameworks and theories of culture and cultural competence in nursing and health care; the model presented here draws heavily from prior work and is an attempt to present a synthesis of concepts and processes in a new way. The ideas presented here build particularly on pioneering work in transcultural nursing by Leininger. Leininger's work specifically focuses on the use of qualitative methods to understand the ways in which culture influences nursing care from an emic, or insider, perspective. The 3-D puzzle model extends Leininger's work to include concrete articulations of constructs relevant to design and implementation of intervention strategies for teaching and measuring competency among nurses and other providers.
Trade-off between latch and flop for min-period sequential circuit designs with crosstalk

Latches are extensively used in high-performance sequential circuit designs to achieve high frequencies because of their good performance and time borrowing feature. However, the amount of timing uncertainty due to crosstalk accumulated through latches could be larger than the benefit gained by time borrowing. In this paper, we show that the trade-off between a latch and a flop can be leveraged in a sequential circuit design with crosstalk, so that the clock period is minimized by selecting a configuration of mixed latches and flops. A circular time representation is proposed to make coupling detection easier and more efficient. Experiments on our heuristic algorithm for finding an optimal configuration of mixed latches and flops showed promising results.
Envelopes for Seismic Response Vectors. I: Theory

In the design or analysis of structures for seismic loads, the effects of forces acting simultaneously in a member must be considered. The most common example is in the interaction of bending moments and axial load in columns. The usual response spectrum method provides the maximum values of individual responses, but the critical combination of these responses may not involve any of these maxima. This paper develops a response-spectrum-based procedure for predicting the envelope that bounds two or more responses in a linear structure. It is shown that, for an assumed orientation of the principal axes along which the ground motion components are uncorrelated, this envelope is an ellipsoid. For the case when the orientation of the principal axes is unknown, a "supreme" envelope is derived, which corresponds to the most critical orientation of the axes. The response envelope can be superimposed on a capacity curve to determine the adequacy of a given design. In a companion paper, the results of a numerical study are presented to illustrate the accuracy and significance of this method.
Characteristics of sports‐based youth development programs

The term "sports-based youth development programs" is coined and defined in the context of the community youth development framework. Sports-based youth development programs are out-of-school-time programs that use a particular sport to facilitate learning and life skill development in youth. Community youth development programs use a community youth development approach to create opportunities for youth to connect to others, develop skills, and use those skills to contribute to their communities. This, in turn, increases their ability to succeed. The authors describe how sports-based youth development programs can be contexts that promote positive youth development. The features of positive developmental settings for youth from the work of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine, as well as the features identified by other researchers, are presented in the context of sports-based youth development programs. For example, a sports program that provides appropriate structure has delineated clear rules, expectations, and responsibilities for youth, parents, coaches, officials, and other organizers.
Percussive foraging : Stimuli for prey location by aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis)

Aye-ayes (Daubentonia madagascariensis) use the thin middle finger to tap on wood in search of subsurface cavities containing insect larvae. When a cavity is located, they gnaw away wood until the prey can be extracted. Previous researchers suggested that acoustical cues reveal cavity location. We designed five studies to identify the cavity features that provide acoustical cues. When cavities were backfilled with gelatin or acoustical foam, excavation was still successful, suggesting that the reverberation of sound in air-filled cavities is not necessary for detection. Moreover, when the density of cavity content was varied, there was no difference in excavation frequency. On the other hand, a one-dimensional break in the subsurface wood was an effective stimulus for excavation. These studies suggest that a simple interface beneath the surface is sufficient to elicit excavation and that neither prey nor cavity nor even small air pockets are necessary to elicit the behavior. These results raise provocative questions as to how the aye-aye manages to forage efficiently.
Loosening and Osteolysis Associated with Metal-on-Metal Bearings: A Local Effect of Metal Hypersensitivity?

Over the last several years, many orthopaedic surgeons have embraced so-called alternative bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty, largely on the basis of the hypothesis that a reduction in the volumetric wear rates afforded by these improved articulating couples will reduce the prevalence of osteolysis and aseptic loosening, which in turn will improve implant survivorship. The articles by Korovessis et al.1 and Milosev et al.2 in this issue of The Journal provide valuable new data on the intermediate-term performance of one metal-on-metal-bearing hip-replacement system. These studies show that this particular metal-on-metal system is not immune to osteolysis and aseptic loosening and further suggest that osteolysis and aseptic loosening may be mediated, at least in part, by an adaptive immune response (metal hypersensitivity) independent of, or in concert with, the relatively well-characterized innate immune response (particle-stimulated macrophage, fibroblast, and osteoblast-mediated inflammatory bone loss) typically associated with periprosthetic osteolysis3. Metal hypersensitivity-induced osteolysis and aseptic loosening represent underappreciated and incompletely understood mechanisms of implant failure. How strong is the evidence that the failures in these two cohorts at the time of intermediate-term follow-up (at a mean of seventy-seven months and eighty-five months) were due to metal hypersensitivity? It should be clearly understood that, at present, the evidence linking osteolysis and aseptic loosening with metal …
The preparation of t-butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, and styrene block copolymers by atom transfer radical polymerization: Precursors to amphiphilic and hydrophilic block copolymers and conversion to complex nanostructured materials

Atom transfer radical polymerization conditions with copper(I) bromide/pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (CuBr/PMDETA) as the catalyst system were employed for the polymerization of tert-butyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, and styrene to generate well-defined homopolymers, diblock copolymers, and triblock copolymers. Temperature studies indicated that the polymerizations occurred smoothly in bulk at 50 °C. The kinetics of tert-butyl acrylate polymerization under these conditions are reported. Well-defined poly-(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA; polydispersity index = 1.14) and poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA; polydispersity index = 1.03) homopolymers were synthesized and then used as macroinitiators for the preparation of PtBA-b-PMA and PMA-b-PtBA diblock copolymers in bulk at 50 °C or in toluene at 60 or 90 °C. In toluene, the amount of CuBr/PMDETA relative to the macroinitiator was important; at least 1 equiv of CuBr/PMDETA was required for complete initiation. Typical block lengths were composed of 100-150 repeat units per segment. A triblock copolymer, composed of PtBA-b-PMA-b-PS (PS = polystyrene), was also synthesized with a well-defined composition and a narrow molecular weight dispersity. The tert-butyl esters of PtBA-b-PMA and PtBA-b-PMA-b-PS were selectively cleaved to form the amphiphilic block copolymers PAA-b-PMA [PAA = poly(acrylic acid)] and PAA-b-PMA-b-PS, respectively, via reaction with anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid in dichloromethane at room temperature for 3 h. Characterization data are reported from analyses by gel permeation chromatography; infrared, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR spectroscopies; differential scanning calorimetry; and matrix-assisted, laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The assembly of the amphiphilic triblock copolymer PAA 90 -b-PMA 80 -b-PS 98 within an aqueous solution, followed by conversion into stable complex nanostructures via crosslinking reactions between the hydrophilic PAA chains comprising the peripheral layers, produced mixtures of spherical and cylindrical topologies. The visualization and size determination of the resulting nanostructures were performed by atomic force microscopy, which revealed very interesting segregation phenomena.
Protein Translocation Across the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane

Proteins to be secreted from eukaryotic cells are delivered to the extracellular space after trafficking through a secretory pathway composed of several complex intracellular compartments. Secretory proteins are first translocated from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), after which they travel by vesicular trafficking via various intermediate destinations en route to the plasma membrane where they are released from the cell by exocytosis. By sharp contrast, secretion in prokaryotes involves the translocation of proteins directly across the plasma membrane. While these two systems are superficially dissimilar, they are evolutionarily and mechanistically related. This relationship between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems of secretion forms the backdrop for this chapter focused on protein translocation into the ER. In the first part of this chapter, the essential steps and core machinery of ER translocation are discussed relative to evolutionarily conserved principles of protein secretion. The last section then explores the concept of regulation, a poorly understood facet of translocation that is argued to be evolutionarily divergent, relatively specific to the ER, and likely to be most highly developed in metazoans.
CLINICAL JUDGMENT AND CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES

Clinicians make judgments under conditions of uncertainty. Decision research has shown that in uncertain situations individuals do not always act rationally, coherently, or to maximize their expected utility. Advocates of clinical guidelines believe that these guidelines will eliminate some of the cognitive biases that the practitioner may introduce into the medical decision-making process in an attempt to reduce its uncertainty. Other physicians have grave doubts about guidelines' application in practice. Guideline implementation lags well behind their development. Studies of practicing physicians and a survey of clinicians in one specialty and setting indicate that experienced clinicians may be implementing guidelines selectively. Many clinicians are concerned that guidelines are based on randomized trials and do not reflect the complexity of the real world, in which a decision's context and framework are important. Their reluctance also may be due to the difficulty of applying general guidelines to specific clinical situations. The problem will only increase in the future. The patients of the 21st century will be older and have more complex disease states. Physicians will have more patient-specific therapies and need to exercise more sophisticated clinical judgment. They may be more willing to use guidelines in making those judgments if research can demonstrate guidelines' effectiveness in improving decision making for individual patients.
Tunnel diode integrated circuits

Summary form only given, as follows. The promise of the tunnel diode has long been the advantages of economy and speed. Device performance, circuit simulations and circuit demonstrations continue to show the utility of the tunnel diode when incorporated into a transistor process. This talk will review what has been accomplished and discuss what can be expected of the tunnel diode in the coming years.
Synchrony's double edge: transient dynamics and the Allee effect in stage structured populations

In populations subject to positive density dependence, individuals can increase their fitness by synchronizing the timing of key life history events. However, phenological synchrony represents a perturbation from a population's stable stage structure and the ensuing transient dynamics create troughs of low abundance that can promote extinction. Using an ecophysiological model of a mass-attacking pest insect, we show that the effect of synchrony on local population persistence depends on population size and adult lifespan. Results are consistent with a strong empirical pattern of increased extinction risk with decreasing initial population size. Mortality factors such as predation on adults can also affect transient dynamics. Throughout the species range, the seasonal niche for persistence increases with the asynchrony of oviposition. Exposure to the Allee effect after establishment may be most likely at northern range limits, where cold winters tend to synchronize spring colonization, suggesting a role for transient dynamics in the determination of species distributions.
Exploiting single photon vacuum ultraviolet photoionization to unravel the synthesis of complex organic molecules in interstellar ices

Abstract Complex organic molecules (COM) such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides are ubiquitous in the interstellar medium, but traditional gas phase astrochemical models cannot explain their formation routes. By systematically exploiting on line and in situ vacuum ultraviolet photoionization coupled with reflectron time of flight mass spectrometry (PI-ReTOF-MS) and combining these data with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we reveal that complex organic molecules can be synthesized within interstellar ices that are condensed on interstellar grains via non-equilibrium reactions involving suprathermal hydrogen atoms at temperatures as low as 5 K. By probing for the first time specific structural isomers without their degradation (fragment-free), the incorporation of tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization allows for a much greater understanding of reaction mechanisms that exist in interstellar ices compared to traditional methods, thus eliminating the significant gap between observational and laboratory data that existed for the last decades. With the commission of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA), the number of detections of more complex organic molecules in space will continue to grow ⿿ including biorelevant molecules connected to the Origins of Life theme ⿿ and an understanding of these data will rely on future advances in sophisticated physical chemistry laboratory experiments.
O. I. Borzenko. Sentymental'na “provintsiia” (Nova ukrains'ka literatura na etapi stanovlennia).

O. I. [Oleksandr Ivanovych] Borzenko. Sentymental'na “provintsiia” (Nova ukrains'ka literatura na etapi stanovlennia) [The Sentimental “Province” (The Emerging New Ukrainian Literature)]. Kharkiv: Kharkivs'kyi natsional'nyi universytet im. V. N. Karazina, 2006. 321 pp. E-book. .
INTRAVITREAL DEXAMETHASONE IMPLANTATION FOR BIRDSHOT CHORIORETINOPATHY.

PURPOSE Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a rare form of posterior uveitis. This article reports a case series of patients with HLA-A29+ birdshot chorioretinopathy managed with intravitreal dexamethasone implants. METHODS Retrospective case report. RESULTS Three patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy (6 eyes) were seen from 2013 to 2015 and managed with dexamethasone intravitreal implant; there was an average of 6 months between implants. All 3 experienced control of ocular inflammation and macular edema with intravitreal dexamethasone and achieved best-corrected visual acuity of at least 20/25 during the course of treatment. Two patients tolerated serial dexamethasone implants for over a year without glaucoma or cataract surgery. Dexamethasone implantation was not repeated in one patient with preexisting uveitic glaucoma because of persistently elevated intraocular pressure. In this series, all patients had improvement in visual acuity, macular edema, intraocular inflammation, and quality of life, and no patients developed visually significant cataracts. Only one eye with preexisting uveitic glaucoma exhibited an increased intraocular pressure requiring discontinuation of therapy. CONCLUSION Intravitreal dexamethasone implant can be an effective alternative in the management of birdshot chorioretinopathy.
Targeted tracer kinetic modeling improves the accuracy of fluorescence-guided surgery in a rat glioblastoma multiforme model

A fluorescence-guided surgery method is presented using tracer kinetics to exploit contrast in differential molecular expression of EGFR in glioblastoma multiform. Results suggest kinetic analysis can improve resection over traditional intensity FGS.
Equilibrium Shapes for Grain Boundaries and Surfaces with Anisotropic Surface Tension Functions

The geometric configuration of grain boundaries and surfaces seems to play a significant role in phase transformations and surface phenomena. Determining the equilibrium configurations of such boundaries for a given surface tension function γ is additionally an interesting mathematical problem; it reduces in the case of isotropic surface tension to the minimal surface problem. A framework is given here for determining such configurations in the other extreme case, where the equilibrium shape of a crystal of fixed volume (the Wulff shape) is a polyhedron. Some results obtained within this framework are outlined.
Chapter 3.: Evidenced-Based Treatment of Depression in the College Population

This review explores evidence-based treatment for depression within the college and university population. Treatments for depression in adults are among the most rigorous studied treatment modalities in the psychotherapy literature, providing consistent evidence for the efficacy of at least two treatments, cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for depression, but the evidence for use of these therapies within the college population is sparse and inconclusive. The length of psychotherapy, diagnostic purity, and lack of adherence to specific theoretical models may be important elements contributing to the lack of treatment research on this population. More research should be focused on developing and evaluating specific treatments, which might address some of the unique stresses and dynamics within the college population.
(Re)Negotiating Our Relationship: How Contradictions Emerge in Sibling Privacy Boundaries

ABSTRACTSibling relationships go through a period of change when one or both of the siblings becomes an emerging adult and moves out of the family home. Through a communication privacy management lens, we can begin to understand how communication during this transition period is (re)negotiated and used to deidentify from the family while still maintaining a sense of connection with the family unit. Sibling communication during this life stage provides greater understanding for how siblings are choosing to communicate once the relationship has become more voluntary in nature. Through an interpretive analysis, several patterns related to how siblings negotiate privacy rules emerged. The themes we identified—rules, co-ownership, and permeable boundaries—all represented ways in which siblings communicated privacy negotiation as being contradictory. These contradictions provide a foundation for more closely examining how siblings are using privacy management and communicating in ways that highlight the extent ...
The Muddied Waters of Columbus, New Mexico

There is neither lake nor river in Columbus, New Mexico, now nor was there on March 9, 1916, when it was raided by Mexican bandits. The muddied waters are those of history as the events that took place over 59 years ago are almost as cloudy today as the day they occurred. Many questions about the raid remain unanswered: Was Pancho Villa at Columbus? If so, did he enter the town? How many Mexicans took part in the raid? However, the question that has concerned the amateur and professional historian of Mexico, the United States, and Germany is why did the raid take place? What was the greater importance of the raid? Most of these questions cannot be adequately answered without an examination of the political and military career of Francisco Villa, the recent and contemporary American viewpoint of Villa, and some salient events that preceded March 9, 1916.
Octreotide reduces perception of rectal electrical stimulation by spinal afferent pathway inhibition

Octreotide reduces perception of rectal distension in normal volunteers and irritable bowel patients. To localize octreotide's site of action, perceptual and evoked potential responses to rectal electrical stimulation were tested in seven normal volunteers after double-blind octreotide (100 micrograms 2) or placebo. After octreotide, the currents needed to elicit threshold perception of square-wave impulses delivered to the rectum were 29% higher than after placebo. When electrical stimulation was delivered at constant currents 50% above threshold, rectal perception scores were significantly reduced after octreotide compared with placebo. Rectal electrical stimulation led to characteristic and reproducible cerebral evoked potentials. Octreotide had no effect on latencies, but reduced peak-to-peak amplitudes by 35% compared with placebo. Rectal electrical stimulation also led to characteristic and reproducible spinal evoked potentials. Octreotide had no effect on spinal latencies, but reduced peak-to-peak amplitudes by 51%. In conclusion, octreotide reduces perception of rectal electrical stimulation, which is associated with inhibition of cerebral and spinal evoked potential amplitude, indicating effects on spinal afferent pathways.
Surveillance and risk assessment of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in Nanchang city

Objective To grasp the population distribution,seasonal dynamic of mosquitoes,the occurrence and risk assessment of mosquito-borne diseases.Methods The lamp-trapping method was used to mosquito monitoring.Mosquito-borne diseases were conducted by the method of special monitoring program.And risk assessment was completed using the method proposed by ZENG Xiao-peng.Results Culex fatigans and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus were the dominant populations in urban and rural area respectively.The average density of mosquito was 5.73 insect/(lamp·hour).The peak period was from June to September.During 2008-2010,the incidence of Malaria increased year after year.While there were no epidemic encephalitis B and Dengue during 2007-2010,no imported Dengue case either.Conclusion The occurrence risk of malaria,epidemic encephalitis B and dengue are negligible 1 1evel,but the monitoring of mosquito-borne diseases should be strengthened and improved.
Growth and transovarial transmission of chandipura virus (Rhabdoviridae: Vesiculovirus) in Phlebotomus papatasi

Chandipura virus multipled in sand flies (Phlebotomus papatasi) following intrathoracic inoculation. Within 24 hours, mean virus titers in infected flies increased approximately 4 logs. Experimentally infected P. papatasi transmitted the virus by bite to newborn mice and by transovarial transmission to their progeny. Eight percent of the F1 offspring of experimentally infected female parents were infected with Chandipura virus.
European Integration and Developing Countries: A Survey of International Students

In this exploratory study, we report the attitudes of international MBA students form the developing nations about their concerns over EC 1992 program and the measures they would advocate to their governments for appropriately responding to the EC 1992 developments. The results of the study indicate student concerns involve detrimental effects on their countries’ exports and the unfavorable marketing environment in the EC markets. To mitigate those effects, the students expect their governments undertaking long range export promotion programs and developing political linkages with the trading partners in EC. The paper discusses theoretical underpinnings of the findings, providing directions for the future research.
Aminoalkanoic Acids as Alternatives to Mercaptoalkanoic Acids for the Linker-Assisted Attachment of Quantum Dots to TiO2.

Linear aminoalkanoic acids (AAAs) and mercaptoalkanoic acids (MAAs) were characterized as bifunctional ligands to tether CdSe QDs to nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films and to mediate excited-state electron transfer (ET) from the QDs to TiO2 nanoparticles. The adsorption of 12-aminododecanoic acid (ADA) and 12-mercaptododecanoic acid (ADA) to TiO2 followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Surface adduct formation constants (Kad) were ∼104 M–1; saturation amounts of the ligands per projected surface area of TiO2 (Γ0) were ∼10–7 mol cm–2. Both Kad and Γ0 differed by 20% or less for the two linkers. CdSe QDs adhered to ADA- and MDA-functionalized TiO2 films; data were well modeled by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and Langmuir kinetics. For ADA- and MDA-mediated assembly values of Kad were (1.8 ± 0.4) × 106 and (2.4 ± 0.4) × 106 M–1, values of Γ0 were (1.6 ± 0.3) × 10–9 and (1.2 ± 0.1) × 10–9 mol cm–2, and rate constants were (14 ± 5) and (60 ± 20) M–1 s–1, respectively. Thus, the thermodynamics and kinetics ...
New insights into atmospherically relevant reaction systems using direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS)

Abstract. The application of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), which is finding increasing use in atmospheric chemistry, to two different laboratory model systems for airborne particles is investigated: (1) submicron C3–C7 dicarboxylic acid (diacid) particles reacted with gas-phase trimethylamine (TMA) or butylamine (BA) and (2) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles from the ozonolysis of α-cedrene. The diacid particles exhibit a clear odd–even pattern in their chemical reactivity toward TMA and BA, with the odd-carbon diacid particles being substantially more reactive than even ones. The ratio of base to diacid in reacted particles, determined using known diacid–base mixtures, was compared to that measured by high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-ToF-AMS), which vaporizes the whole particle. Results show that DART-MS probes ∼ 30 nm of the surface layer, consistent with other studies on different systems. For α-cedrene SOA particles, it is shown that varying the temperature of the particle stream as it enters the DART-MS ionization region can distinguish between specific components with the same molecular mass but different vapor pressures. These results demonstrate the utility of DART-MS for (1) examining reactivity of heterogeneous model systems for atmospheric particles and (2) probing components of SOA particles based on volatility.
Hybridoma growth, metabolism, and product formation in HEPES-buffered medium: I. Effect of passage number

Shake flask studies with a murine hybridoma cell line show drastically increased cell yields per mL of culture medium as function of passage number (“cell age”), whereas the maximum antibody concentrations at the end of batch growth decreased from 180 μg/mL to 75 μg/mL after 10 months of serial propagation in flasks. The results are presented in the light of differences in cell metabolism with glucose, lactate, ammonia, glutamine, and selected amino acids being monitored.
Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) and RARS with thrombocytosis (RARS-T): 2017 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management.

Disease Overview Ring sideroblasts (RS) are erythroid precursors with abnormal perinuclear mitochondrial iron accumulation. Two myeloid neoplasms defined by the presence of RS, include refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS), now classified under myelodysplastic syndromes with RS (MDS-RS) and RARS with thrombocytosis (RARS-T); now called myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T). Diagnosis MDS-RS is a lower risk MDS, with single or multilineage dysplasia (SLD/MLD), <5% bone marrow (BM) blasts and ≥15% BM RS (≥5% in the presence of SF3B1 mutations). MDS/MPN-RS-T, now a formal entity in the MDS/MPN overlap syndromes, has diagnostic features of MDS-RS-SLD, along with a platelet count ≥ 450 × 10(9)/L and large atypical megakaryocytes (similar to BCR-ABL1 negative MPN). Mutations and Karyotype Mutations in SF3B1 are seen in ≥80% of patients with MDS-RS-SLD and MDS/MPN-RS-T, and strongly correlate with the presence of BM RS; MDS/MPN-RS-T patients also demonstrate JAK2V617F, ASXL1, DNMT3A, SETBP1, and TET2 mutations; with ASXL1/SETBP1 mutations adversely impacting survival. Cytogenetic abnormalities are uncommon in both diseases. Risk stratification Most patients with MDS-RS-SLD are stratified into lower risk groups by the revised-International Prognostic Scoring System (R-IPSS). Disease outcome in MDS/MPN-RS-T is better than that of MDS-RS-SLD, but worse than that of essential thrombocythemia. Both diseases have a low risk of leukemic Treatment Anemia and iron overload are complications seen in both and are managed similar to lower risk MDS and MPN. Aspirin therapy is reasonable in MDS/MPN-RS-T, especially in the presence of JAK2V617F, but the value of platelet-lowering drugs is uncertain.
To Copy or Not to Copy: Making In-Memory Databases Fast on Modern NICs

When databases resided primarily on disks, the problem of data layout was focused on structures that enabled efficient reads and writes from that medium, as well the as effective use of main memory as a cache. With in-memory databases, this part of the I/O problem is largely gone, but that does not mean that I/O considerations can be completely ignored. We argue for the importance of considering the “other” side of the I/O equation—network communication with clients—when designing in-memory databases.
Automotive radar technologies for all vehicle segments

Automotive radar systems have been in production for around ten years, although the technology — like other Driver Assistent Systems (DAS) are still in their infancy. With the number of traffic fatalities remaining high and consequent future legislation from the EU, manufacturers are faced with developing active safety systems at reduced cost while meeting regulatory. With a wealth of experience in the radar market, TRW currently off two radar sensors which address a range of customer and market requirements.
Beyond the food label itself: How does color affect attention to information on food labels and preference for food attributes?

Abstract Other than the food attribute/quality information, the design of food labels involves many other essential factors, such as color that may affect consumer choice decision. How food label color affects the decision process, cognitive effort, and preference when consumers shop for food products remains unknown. This study examined the impact of label colors (red or blue) on consumers' cognitive effort and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for food label attributes when they made choices among products carrying multiple attribute information. Conducting two versions of surveys that feature two different colors of product labels, this study found that red labels led to longer response time in decision-making than do blue labels. While a red label might exert extra cognitive effort on consumers, it also induced consumers to consider more attributes and maintain a relatively stable attendance level when they were faced with many choice tasks. Results also revealed that color significantly affected WTP estimates for certain attribute on food labels. The findings of this study bear important implications regarding food label color design for food retailers and policymakers when they are developing food label programs.
Creation and Annihilation of Charge Traps in Silicon Nanocrystals: Experimental Visualization and Spectroscopy

Recent studies have shown the presence of an amorphous surface layer in nominally crystalline silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) produced by some of the most common synthetic techniques. The amorphous surface layer can serve as a source of deep charge traps, which can dramatically affect the electronic and photophysical properties of SiNCs. We present results of a scanning tunneling microscopy/scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STM/STS) study of individual intragap states observed on the surfaces of hydrogen-passivated SiNCs deposited on the Au(111) surface. STS measurements show that intragap states can be formed reversibly when appropriate voltage–current pulses are applied to individual SiNCs. Analysis of STS spectra suggests that the observed intragap states are formed via self-trapping of charge carriers injected into SiNCs from the STM tip. Our results provide a direct visualization of the charge trap formation in individual SiNCs, a level of detail which until now had been achieved only in theoretical studies.
Negotiating Science and Engineering: An Exploratory Case Study of a Reform-Minded Science Teacher.

ABSTRACTEngineering has been slowly integrated into K-12 science classrooms in the United States as the result of recent science education reforms. Such changes in science teaching require that a science teacher is confident with and committed to content, practices, language, and cultures related to both science and engineering. However, from the perspective of the science teacher, this would require not only the development of knowledge and pedagogies associated with engineering, but also the construction of new identities operating within the reforms and within the context of their school. In this study, a middle school science teacher was observed and interviewed over a period of nine months to explore his experiences as he adopted new values, discourses, and practices and constructed his identity as a reform-minded science teacher. Our findings revealed that, as the teacher attempted to become a reform-minded science teacher, he constantly negotiated his professional identities – a dynamic process tha...
Experiences with Undergraduate Honors Theses in Computer Engineering Education

This paper is the result of a 7-year long experiment by the author that was initiated in 1989 as an attempt to integrate the tradition of undergraduate honors research at Brown University with the emerging ABET requirement of engineering design in the computer engineering program. The Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology recognizes the practical component or design as a key ingredient of any successful engineering program and mandates its inclusion in every engineering curricula. However, many educators feel that the undergraduate engineering program should concentrate on the theories and principles and that the focus on engineering design takes the students away from the fundamental concepts. Also, many educators are deeply concerned that the current faculty reward structure in the US universities focus primarily on grants and publications which, in turn, tend to emphasize research in graduate programs over teaching in undergraduate programs. The paper presents the philosophical principles, the underlying assumptions and goals of the experiment, and the character of the experiences learned at the conclusion of the experiment. The experiment involves a total of 17 students between 1989 and 1995, all of whom successfully complete their honors thesis and most of the theses have been published in refereed conferences and journals. Key experiences gained by the author include the realization that every student, regardless of their prior grades in the conventional courses, holds unlimited potential. This potential may be manifested in the form of high quality research by encouraging independent and creative thoughts in the students, providing constant challenges, a close one-on-one working relationship, and instilling in them trust and self-confidence. This experiment witnesses the development of an amazingly sincere motivation and superior commitment when the advisor demonstrates his genuine belief in their capabilities and expresses his gratitude to them for the value of their work and for the opportunity to collaborate.
Particle and Energy Pair and Triplet Correlations in Liquids and Liquid Mixtures from Experiment and Simulation.

Recent advances in fluctuation solution theory (FST) have provided access to information concerning triplet fluctuations and integrals, in addition to the established pair fluctuations and integrals, for liquids and liquid mixtures using both experimental and simulation data. Here, FST is used to investigate pair and triplet correlations for (i) pure water as provided by experiment and simulation using both polarizable and nonpolarizable water models, (ii) liquid mixtures of methanol and water as provided by experiment and simulation, and (iii) native and denatured states of proteins as provided by simulation. The last application is particularly powerful, as it provides exact equations for the volume, enthalpy, compressibility, thermal expansion, and heat capacity of a single protein form provided by a single simulation. In addition, a discussion of the quality of the integrals obtained from experiment and simulation is provided. The results clearly illustrate that FST can be a powerful tool for the anal...
Radiation therapy and delayed emesis

Not all clinical trials need to be large randomized comparisons to add to our ability to care for patients. The study of Ganesh et al. in this issue (1), coupled with an earlier report by this group (2), provide useful findings advancing knowledge about radiation induced nausea and vomiting (RINV).
Diet and the Disease of Civilization

In Diet and the Disease of Civilization (2018), the American cultural critic Adrienne Rose Bitar offers food studies scholars specifically, and academics broadly, a new way of reading and understan...
STIM1 moonlights as an anchor for STING

Activation of STING requires its translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the Golgi to vesicles, but the mechanisms that control its localization have been unclear. The ER calcium sensor STIM1 acts as an ER-retention factor that anchors STING on the ER and limits STING signaling.
400.08 Iatrogenic Right Bundle Branch Block After Alcohol Septal Ablation Does Not Negatively Impact Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Pressures

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) treated with alcohol septal ablation (ASA) often results in right bundle branch block (RBBB). The effect of RBBB-induced dyssynchrony on cardiac function has not been well described. We sought to determine the effect of ASA-induced RBBB on RV function
A cooperative multi-agent deep reinforcement learning framework for real-time residential load scheduling

Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabled monitoring and control capabilities are enabling increasing numbers of household users with controllable loads to actively participate in smart grid energy management. Realizing an efficient real-time energy management system that takes advantage of these developments requires novel techniques for managing the increased complexity of the control action space in resolving multiple challenges such as the uncertainty in energy prices and renewable energy output along with the need to satisy physical grid constraints such as transformer capacity. Addressing these challenges, we develop a multi-household energy management framework for residential units connected to the same transformer and containing DERs such as PV, ESS and controllable loads. The goal of our framework is to schedule controllable household appliances and ESS such that the cost of procuring electricity from the utility over a horizon is minimized while physical grid constraints are satisfied at each scheduling step. Traditional energy management frameworks either perform global optimization to satisfy grid constraints but suffer from high computational complexity (for example Integer Program, Mixed Integer Programming frameworks and centralized reinforcement learning) or perform decentralized real-time energy management without satisfying global grid constraints (for example multi-agent reinforcement learning with no cooperation). In contrast, we propose a cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework that i) operates in real-time, and ii) performs explicit collaboration to satisfy global grid constraints. The novelty in our framework is two fold. Firstly, our framework trains multiple independent learners (IL) for each household in parallel using historical data and performs real-time inferencing of control actions using the most recent system state. Secondly, our framework contains a low complexity knapsack based cooperation agent which combines the outputs of ILs to minimize cost while satisfying grid constraints. Simulation results show that our cooperative MARL approach achieves significant cost improvement over centralized reinforcement learning and day-ahead planning baselines. Moreover, our approach strictly satisfies physical constraints with no apriori knowledge of system dynamics while the baseline approaches have occasional violations. We also measure the training and inference time by ranging the number of households from 1 to 25. Results show that our cooperative MARL approach scales best among various approaches.
Expedient total syntheses of preclathridine A and clathridine A

Abstract A short and operationally simple total synthesis of two Leucetta -derived marine alkaloids has been developed, which rely on position specific halogen–metal exchange to introduce the benzyl-substituted side chain. Introduction of the C2 amine group by lithiation and trapping with tosyl azide provides preclathridine A on catalytic hydrogenation, which can be converted to clathridine A by a procedure described in the literature.
Simulation of fluid mixing in acceleration driven instabilities

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a numerical study of two fluid interface instabilities, the gravity-driven Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability, and the shock-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability, using the front tracking method. It compares the numerical solutions with tracked and untracked algorithms and explains the quantitative difference of the acceleration rate in the RT instability. The chapter also compares the difference of the numerical solutions with conservative and nonconservative tracking algorithms in the RM instability along with the study on the growth rate of RT mixing through a high-resolution front-tracking method. Earlier front-tracking simulations of multimode RT instability achieved bubble envelope growth rates, ɑ, in agreement with experiment. The chapter also presents a theory that is well supported by diagnostics, explaining the main cause for the discrepancy between bubble growth rates obtained by experiments and those of diffusive simulations. The compressible fluids in the RT and RM instabilities are modeled by the Euler equations for conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. This system of nonlinear hyperbolic equations allows discontinuous solutions, such as contact surfaces and shocks.
Performance-Based Road Contracts in Zambia

Public infrastructure procurement involves significant incentive problems because contracts are often incomplete. Output- and performance-based road contract (OPRC) is an innovative contractual scheme that has been developed in the road sector. Unlike traditional input-based procurement methods, contractors can freely design, invest in, and maintain roads to deliver an agreed level of road functionality, which helps to ensure the sustainability of road maintenance. Using data from Zambia, this paper shows that major reconstruction works under OPRC arrangements are effective at increasing agricultural production. In particular, small-scale farmers who currently use only a few advanced inputs, can benefit from improved connectivity from improved roads. The results also indicate the possibility of improved accessibility, which allows new economic opportunities for farmers who currently do not participate in market transactions.
Coreflood on a chip: Core-scale micromodels for subsurface applications

Abstract Fluid injection experiments in rocks, commonly referred to as corefloods, are widely used to study and understand fluid flow in the subsurface. However, visual inspection of flow in cores requires computed tomography machines which may not be widely accessible. We introduce a novel micromodel that is as long as a typical core (40 cm), has adjustable pore structure, and includes 2.5D pore throats that can be used to conduct fluid displacements analogous to those in cores. Flow can be visualized inexpensively in the micromodel with an optical microscope. We performed standard coreflood tests in our micromodel including a tracer test and a steady state permeability test. We also conducted multiphase displacements by injecting aqueous solutions at varying glycerol concentrations to displace oil from the micromodel and observed the effect of the viscosity ratio on macro-scale recovery efficiency. When the injected aqueous solution was less viscous than the resident oil, it fingered through the oil. Fingering was not observed in the cases where the injected glycerol solution was more viscous than the oil. Moreover, as the viscosity of the injected glycerol solution increased, oil was recovered more rapidly. Additionally, we performed surfactant and glycerol floods in short (2.4 cm) and long (40 cm) micromodels that show long chips capture scale dependent physics, such as oil banking, that small chips do not capture. The novel micromodel shows promise as a screening tool for chemical EOR because it captures phase banks that are desirable in corefloods.
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, SERS for Aerosol Point Detection

A SERS technique is developed for potential in situ detection, chemical identification and dynamics study of individual aerosol particles. Our technique involves generating and trapping aerosols containing analyte molecules and metallic nanoparticles that demonstrates 105 enhancement.
Thomas Kuhn revisited: Near-death studies and paradigm shifts

Near-death studies can be viewed within a theoretical framework of “paradigms” and “paradigm shifts” as explicated by Thomas Kuhn (1962). Assuming the validity of Kuhn's model, I hypothesize that the paradigm of today's “normal science” is shifting to a new paradigm to accommodate data from near-death studies.
The Use of Hemostatic Agents to Decrease Bleeding Complications in Breast Cancer Surgery.

IntroductionFollowing breast cancer surgery, patients often require adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy for locoregional and systemic disease control. These procedures may result in postoperative c...