cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous involvement in luteinized thecomas with sclerosing peritonitis (LTSP)—A new finding in a rare syndrome

Luteinized thecomas with sclerosing peritonitis (LTSP) is a rare disease characterized by ovarian luteinized thecomas and associated fibrosing peritonitis. Cutaneous involvement has never been reported. We report a case of classical LTSP with skin involvement, outlining the clinical and histopathologic features of this novel presentation of a rare syndrome.
Works for Women Occupations for College Women, a Bibliography

(1930). Works for Women Occupations for College Women, a Bibliography. The Journal of Higher Education: Vol. 1, No. 9, pp. 541-542.
Secure communication over CANBus

In this paper, we propose hardware based secure and trusted communication over CAN bus in the intra vehicle network connecting electronic Control Units (ECUs). CAN bus is an insecure communication channel, connecting resource constraint devices that have limited resources to devote for data security and real-time requirements to meet the safety critical design specifications. We propose a hardware based secure and trusted framework that implements lightweight PUF based mutual authentication and secure encryption over the insecure communication channel. The paper discusses the framework design and implementation details along with the resource utilization and performance analysis of the proposed system.
Bias-Temperature Instabilities in Silicon Carbide MOS Devices

We have investigated bias-temperature instabilities (BTIs) in 4H-SiC transistors and capacitors under a range of stress conditions. The threshold voltage V TH of nMOS transistors decreases for elevated temperature stress under negative bias, when the surface is accumulated. Devices stressed with the surface inverted do not exhibit significant V TH shifts. Similar results are observed for nMOS and pMOS capacitors stressed in accumulation (measurable shift) or inversion (no significant shift). V TH shifts due to BTI stressed under negative bias correlate strongly with the additional ionization of deep dopants in SiC at elevated temperatures. The charge that leads to BTI lies in interface traps that are more than 0.6 eV below the SiC conduction band, nitrogen-related defects, and O vacancies in the SiO2.
Applying an Interorganizational Ecology Perspective to the Global Diffusion of Organizational Forms (WITHDRAWN)

The by-now omnipresent and largely taken-for-granted diffusion of organizational forms thought to advance market formation and socioeconomic development (particularly in transition and new-minted market economies) in various economic regions around the globe is well documented. Yet organizational sociologists lack a systematic framework for assessing the profound impact that these nonnative forms can have on the evolutionary trajectory of the organizational context in the adopting locale. By modelling this organizational dimension of global diffusion processes with concepts and empirical insights from population ecology, an evolutionary process model emerges that theorizes effects of form diffusion on firms that adopt nonnative forms, on the forms themselves and on the adopting organizational context–or, as population ecologists would call it, the community ecology–as a whole.
Mycobacterial Iron Acquisition Mechanisms

In both pathogenic and saprophytic mycobacteria, many of the genes and systems required for high affinity iron acquisition have been identified, including siderophore production, uptake of ferric-siderophores, production of iron storage proteins, and uptake of heme. Production and function of iron uptake mechanisms is controlled by a regulatory protein. Possible low affinity acquisition through multiple function porins also has been described. In pathogenic mycobacteria, most of the high affinity systems appear necessary for maintenance of an infection. Greater definition of the functions of both the identified genes and genes yet to be discovered will refine our understanding of mycobacterial iron acquisition and the interplay between components of the iron systems.
Digitale Strategie in der B2B-Kommunikation – ein Fallbeispiel

Online-Marketing stellt fur ein global agierendes Unternehmen wie Caterpillar Energy Solutions, mit seinen Marken MWM und Cat®, ein unverzichtbares Instrument in der Kundenkommunikation und Akquisition dar. Die umfassenden Erfahrungen im B2B-Online-Marketing haben aufgezeigt, dass insbesondere Online und Social Media ein groses Potenzial in der Kundenansprache und Kundengewinnung darstellen. Im Mittelpunkt der Marketingaktivitaten steht dabei eine gut konzipierte und leistungsfahige Webseite als Hub, die in Design, Funktion und Inhalt State-of-the-Art und damit Grundlage fur funktionierendes digitales Marketing zur Generierung von Leads ist. Denn fur den Vertrieb ist die Gewinnung von qualifizierten Online-Anfragen (Web-Kontakte) eine der essenziellen Voraussetzungen fur den dauerhaften Erfolg eines global agierenden Herstellers von erklarungsbedurftigen Investitionsgutern wie Gasaggregate fur die dezentrale Energieerzeugung. Bei der Neuausrichtung der Online-Strategie ging es um einen kombinierten, sinnvollen Einsatz von klassischen „Offline“-Masnahmen und zielfuhrenden „Online“-Instrumenten. Der direkte, kontinuierliche Dialog mit Kunden, Interessenten und Geschaftspartnern erfordert ein neues Verstandnis von Kommunikation, eine offene Unternehmenskultur und auch eine gewisse Risikobereitschaft, auf gelernte Kontrollmechanismen im Marketing zu verzichten. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt, wie sich Blockheizkraftwerke und Gasaggregate erfolgreich uber Online-Kanale verkaufen lassen.
Oxygen Injection for Emission Reduction in Cement Kilns: An Innovative Technology for Managing Nitrous Oxides and Carbon-Monoxide Emissions

Reducing the discharge of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrous oxides (NOx) from the cement production process is a continual requirement for many cement manufacturers and often involves very expensive end-of-pipe pollution abatement solutions. The injection of highly reactive hot oxygen (O2) is a new approach to lowering emission requirements or complementing underperforming existing solutions. This article discusses an innovative O2 lancing technology that cement manufacturers install in the outlet of the kiln or calciner to remove primarily CO from the system.
Examination of Human Health Impacts Due to Adverse Climate Events Through the Use of Vulnerability Mapping: A Scoping Review

Government officials, health professionals, and other decision makers are tasked with characterizing vulnerability and understanding how populations experience risks associated with exposure to climate-related hazards. Spatial analyses of vulnerable locations have given rise to climate change vulnerability mapping. While not a new concept, the spatial analyses of specific health outcomes remain limited. This review explores different methodologies and data that are used to assess vulnerability and map population health impacts to climate hazards. The review retrieved scholarly articles and governmental reports concerning vulnerability mapping of human health to the impacts of climate change in the United States, published in the last decade. After review, 37 studies were selected for inclusion. Climate-related exposures were distributed across four main categories, including: high ambient temperatures; flood hazards; vector-borne diseases; and wildfires. A number of different methodologies and measures were used to assess health vulnerability to climate-related hazards, including heat vulnerability indices and regression analyses. Vulnerability maps should exemplify how variables measuring the sensitivity and adaptive capacity of different populations help to determine the potential for climate-related hazards to have an effect on human health. Recommendations address methodologies, data gaps, and communication to assist researchers and stakeholders in directing adaptations to their most efficient and effective use.
Family Implicit Rules, Shame, and Adolescent Prosocial and Antisocial Communication Behaviors

This study examined the relationship between implicit family process rules and adolescent prosocial and antisocial communication behaviors. Data came from two-parent families in Wave 5 of the Flour...
Displacive phase-field crystal model

A phase-field crystal model that spontaneously undergoes displacive phase transitions is introduced by explicitly studying a two-component two-dimensional square crystal reminiscent of a perovskite. When the intercomponent free energy is a simple polynomial, the crystal undergoes displacive transitions in the $\ensuremath{\langle}10\ensuremath{\rangle}$ and $\ensuremath{\langle}11\ensuremath{\rangle}$ directions. When the interaction is a correlation function, displacements in any direction can occur. This displacive phase-field crystal (DPFC) model maps to Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) theories for ferroelectrics, and the DPFC and LGD models are compared in terms of phase transitions and domain walls. Dynamical simulations of quadrijunctions were also performed and found stable spiraling quadrijunctions and unstable nonspiraling quadrijunctions. Last, domain coarsening across a small-angle grain boundary demonstrates multiple forms of non-mean-curvature-driven growth.
Role of delamination and damage development on the strength of thick notched laminates

A large, comprehensive program is being conducted at Virginia Tech to study the effect of laminate thickness on the fracture strength of notched laminated composites. Part of this program has been the study of the chracteristics and development of subcritical crack-tip damage prior to failure. The study has concentrated on the center-cracked tension specimen geometry. Subcritical crack-tip damage has been studied using enhanced X-ray radiography and the laminate deply technique. This paper examines he role that delamination plays in affecting the fracture of (0/+ or - 45/90)ns and (0/+ or - 45)ns laminates at various values of n. The study has found that delaminations do occur in thin laminates (n = 1) and affect the strength of the laminate. However, in thick laminates such as (0/+ or 45)90ns, and (0/+ or - 45)20s, there is sufficient constraint to prevent delaminations from occurring in the interior region of he specimen. The final fracture surface is uniform in the interior and self-similar (collinear with the original starter notch), with 'shear-lip' type damage in the form of delaminations and matrix cracking in the first several plies at the surface. These differences in the type of fracture of the thin and thick laminates greatly affect the fracture strength.
Perspectives on the COVID-19 Pandemic: Truth and Trust

When one examines life in various countries of the world regardless of type of government, health system, or even culture, one sees the great diversity of the world but also large areas of commonality among all people and all places. The twentieth century’s history is one of almost constant war, two of those wars having affected the majority of the global population, but only one event parallels today’s pandemic in impact on almost every individual on planet Earth: the great pandemic of 1918, which by various accounts took between 20 to 100 million lives over a three-year period.
Application of procalcitonin in children with sepsis

Sepsis is currently a challenge in the pediatric intensive care unit.Especially septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome have become the main causes of death in patients from pediatric intensive care unit,and the mortality rate is up to 30％ ～ 70％.At present,procalcitonin is undoubtedly the best sepsis indicator.This article summarized the application of procalcitonin in children with sepsis. Key words: Procalcitonin; Sepsis; Children
Signal transduction by the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor; comparison to other receptor tyrosine kinases.

Publisher Summary The colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) receptor (CSF-1R), encoded by the protooncogene c- fms , is the cell surface receptor for the macrophage colony-stimulating factor. It is a member of the tyrosine kinase family of growth factor receptors, which are believed to exert their biological influence through the catalysis of tyrosine phosphorylation of key intracellular substrates. In addition, CSF-1R is a hematopoietic growth factor receptor and its expression is lineage-specific, being confined to monocytes and macrophages and their bone marrow progenitors. It has been found on placental trophoblasts. This chapter discusses the signaling mechanisms utilized by CSF-1R and the similarities and differences when compared to other receptor tyrosine kinases. It discusses the mechanism of ligand-induced kinase activation and the potential biological role of the few intracellular substrates so far identified. What is known to date regarding the biochemical aspects of the function of CSF-1R provides one with only the beginning of an understanding of the biological aspects of its function, that is, its essential role in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of monocytes and macrophages. As more knowledge is accumulated concerning the different components of the intracellular signaling pathways, this gap is certain to be filled in.
Rhetoric and Reality of China’s Global Leadership in the Context of COVID-19: Implications for the US-led World Order and Liberal Globalization

When President Trump-led America abandoned the global leadership, China casted itself as the global leader in response to COVID-19, placing challenges to the US-led world order and liberal globaliz...
Falls Associate with Neurodegenerative Changes in ATN Framework of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background Behavioral markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not included within the widely used amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration framework. Objective To determine when falls occur among cognitively normal (CN) individuals with and without preclinical AD. Methods This cross-sectional study recorded falls among CN participants (n = 83) over a 1-year period. Tailored calendar journals recorded falls. Biomarkers including amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging were acquired within 2 years of fall evaluations. CN participants were dichotomized by amyloid PET (using standard cutoffs). Differences in amyloid accumulation, global resting state functional connectivity (rs-fc) intra-network signature, and hippocampal volume were compared between individuals who did and did not fall using Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Among preclinical AD participants (amyloid-positive), the partial correlation between amyloid accumulation and global rs-fc intra-network signature was compared for those who did and did not fall. Results Participants who fell had smaller hippocampal volumes (p = 0.04). Among preclinical AD participants, those who fell had a negative correlation between amyloid uptake and global rs-fc intra-network signature (R = -0.75, p = 0.012). A trend level positive correlation was observed between amyloid uptake and global rs-fc intra-network signature (R = 0.70, p = 0.081) for preclinical AD participants who did not fall. Conclusion Falls in CN older adults correlate with neurodegeneration biomarkers. Participants without falls had lower amyloid deposition and preserved global rs-fc intra-network signature. Falls most strongly correlated with presence of amyloid and loss of brain connectivity and occurred in later stages of preclinical AD.
Low-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (LF-TMS) in Treating Depression in Patients With Impaired Cognitive Functioning.

Objective Common methodologies for treating depressive symptoms have demonstrated decreased efficacy among individuals with impaired cognitive functioning. While transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been approved to treat major depressive disorder, few studies have analyzed the ability of TMS to treat depressive symptoms among individuals with cognitive impairments. The present study had two objectives: to determine whether low-frequency TMS (LF-TMS) might demonstrate efficacy in treating depressive symptoms among individuals with impaired cognitive functioning; and to determine whether LF-TMS might improve neurocognitive functioning above and beyond depressive symptom improvements. Methods Data were derived from a pre-existing database at Eastern Virginia Medical School. Fifty-three (N=53) participants completed LF-TMS treatment. The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and CNS Vital Signs (CNS-VS) neurocognitive assessment were administered at multiple time points throughout treatment. Participants were classified as impaired cognitive functioning or average cognitive functioning based on baseline CNS-VS scores. Data were analyzed using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) measures-within-persons longitudinal hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) with time-varying covariates. Results LF-TMS produced significant reductions in depressive symptoms for individuals in both cognitive functioning groups; however, a significant group-by-time interaction indicates differential effects between these two groups. Low-frequency TMS produced significant improvements in three neurocognitive domains above and beyond improvements in depressive symptoms; however, the reliability of these changes may be questionable. Conclusions This study adds to the growing body of empirical findings for LF-TMS treatment in improving neurocognitive functioning above and beyond other treatment-related effects.
Picky Pigs Prefer Pigtoes: Evidence for Species-Selective Feral Pig Predation on Freshwater Mussels

We observed evidence of predation on freshwater mussels during a field experiment. Mussels within the stream reach and experimental enclosures were dislodged from the sediment and shells were crushed whole, and the substrate and enclosures were extensively disturbed. Of the 12 mussel species detected in pre-experiment sampling, a Jacob's electivity index suggested that only two species (Fusconaia cerina and Elliptio arca) were positively selected for by the predator, with F. cerina being strongly preferred; other dominant species were avoided. We estimated that 1% of the mussel community and 6% of the F. cerina population was predated. We found that 70% of the experimental enclosures were disturbed, but those containing F. cerina were disturbed at a higher rate than other treatments. Water depth was a significant factor predicting disturbance of enclosures, and disturbance was not as severe for enclosures in deeper water. Based on characteristics of the event, we suggest that feral pigs (Sus scrofa) were responsible for the predation and disturbance. While only a small portion of the mussel community was predated, continued species and spatial selection could shift community structure and distribution. Feral pigs also may pose an indirect threat to mussel populations because substrate disturbance by rooting could decrease sediment stability.
Stress-Induced Neural Plasticity Mediated by Glial GPCR REMO-1 Promotes C. elegans Adaptive Behavior.

Summary Animal nervous systems remodel following stress. Although global stress-dependent changes are well documented, contributions of individual neuron remodeling events to animal behavior modification are challenging to study. In response to environmental insults, C. elegans become stress-resistant dauers. Dauer entry induces amphid sensory organ remodeling in which bilateral AMsh glial cells expand and fuse, allowing embedded AWC chemosensory neurons to extend sensory receptive endings. We show that amphid remodeling correlates with accelerated dauer exit upon exposure to favorable conditions and identify a G protein-coupled receptor, REMO-1, driving AMsh glia fusion, AWC neuron remodeling, and dauer exit. REMO-1 is expressed in and localizes to AMsh glia tips, is dispensable for other remodeling events, and promotes stress-induced expression of the remodeling receptor tyrosine kinase VER-1. Our results demonstrate how single-neuron structural changes affect animal behavior, identify key glial roles in stress-induced nervous system plasticity, and demonstrate that remodeling primes animals to respond to favorable conditions.
A software environment for effective reliability management for pulsed power design

Abstract The reliable design of magnetically insulated transmission lines (MITLs) for very high current pulsed power machines must be accomplished in the future by utilizing a variety of sophisticated modeling tools. The complexity of the models required is high and the number of sub-models and approximations large. The potential for significant analyst error using a single tool is large, with possible reliability issues associated with the plasma modeling tools themselves or the chosen approach by the analyst to solve a given problem. We report on a software infrastructure design that provides a workable framework for building self-consistent models and constraining feedback to limit analyst error. The framework and associated tools aid the development of physical intuition, the development of increasingly sophisticated models, and the comparison of performance results. The work lays the computational foundation for designing state-of-the-art pulsed-power experiments. The design and useful features of this environment are described. We discuss the utility of the Git source code management system and a GitLab interface for use in project management that extends beyond software development tasks.
Body mass index, not race, may be associated with an alteration in early embryo morphokinetics during in vitro fertilization

To assess the relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and embryo morphokinetics on time-lapse microscopy (TLM). Retrospective cohort study. All IVF cycles between June 2015 and April 2017 were reviewed. Female BMI prior to egg retrieval was collected through chart review. BMI (kg/m2) classification included underweight (< 18.5), normal weight (18.5–25), overweight (25–30), and obese (≥ 30). Embryos’ morphokinetic parameters were assessed with TLM and included time to syngamy, 2-cell, 3-cell, 4-cell, and 8-cell. A generalized linear mixed model was used to control for potential confounders and multiple embryos resulting from a single IVF cycle. A total of 2150 embryos from 589 IVF cycles were reviewed and included in the analysis. Classification based on BMI was as follows: underweight (N = 56), normal weight (N = 1252), overweight (N = 502), and obese (N = 340). After adjusting for race and use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection, the mean time to the 8-cell stage in the underweight group was 4.3 (95% CI: − 8.31, − 0.21) h less than in the normal weight group (P = 0.025) and 4.6 (95% CI: − 8.8, − 0.21) h less than in the obese group (p = 0.022). No significant difference was noted between race and TLM after controlling for possible confounders. Embryos from underweight women were demonstrated to have a faster time to the 8-cell stage than normal weight or obese women. No significant difference was noted for race. This study demonstrates that weight can be a factor contributing to embryo development as observed with TLM.
Few-body methods : principles and applications : proceedings of the International Symposium on Few-Body Methods and their Applications in Atomic, Molecular & Nuclear Physics, and Chemistry, Nanning, People's Republic of China, August 4-10, 1985

The use of special functions, and in particular Airy functions, is rather common in physics. The reason may be found in the need, and even in the necessity, to express a physical phenomenon in terms of an effective and comprehensive analytical form for the whole scientific community. However, for the past twenty years, many physical problems have been resolved by computers. This trend is now becoming the norm as the importance of computers continues to grow. As a last resort, the special functions employed in physics will have to be calculated numerically, even if the analytic formulation of physics is of primary importance.Airy functions have periodically been the subject of many review articles, but no noteworthy compilation on this subject has been published since the 1950s. In this work, we provide an exhaustive compilation of the current knowledge on the analytical properties of Airy functions, developing with care the calculus implying the Airy functions.The book is divided into 2 parts: the first is devoted to the mathematical properties of Airy functions, whilst the second presents some applications of Airy functions to various fields of physics. The examples provided succinctly illustrate the use of Airy functions in classical and quantum physics.
Methanogenesis in a Thermophilic (58°C) Anaerobic Digestor: Methanothrix sp. as an Important Aceticlastic Methanogen

Aceticlastic methanogens and other microbial groups were enumerated in a 58°C laboratory-scale (3 liter) anaerobic digestor which was fed air-classified municipal refuse, a lignocellulosic waste (loading rate = 1.8 to 2.7 g of volatile solids per liter per day; retention time = 10 days). Two weeks after start-up, Methanosarcina sp. was present in high numbers (105 to 106 CFU/ml) and autofluorescent Methanosarcina-like clumps were abundant in sludge examined by using epifluorescence microscopy. After about 4 months of digestor operation, numbers of Methanosarcina sp. dropped 2 to 3 orders of magnitude and large numbers (most probable number = 106 to 107/ml) of a thermophilic aceticlastic methanogen morphologically resembing Methanothrix sp. were found. Methanothrix sp. had apparently displaced Methanosarcina sp. as the dominant aceticlastic methanogen in the digestor. During the period when Methanothrix sp. was apparently dominant, acetate concentrations varied between 0.3 and 1.5 μmol/ml during the daily feeding cycle, and acetate was the precursor of 63 to 66% of the methane produced during peak digestor methanogenesis. The apparent Km value obtained for methanogenesis from acetate, 0.3 μmol/ml, indicated that the aceticlastic methanogens were nearly saturated for substrate during most of the digestor cycle. CO2-reducing methanogens were capable of methanogenesis at rates more than 12 times greater than those usually found in the digestor. Added propionate (4.5 μmol/ml) was metabolized slowly by the digestor populations and slightly inhibited methanogenesis. Added n-butyrate, isobutyrate, or n-valerate (4.5 μmol/ml each) were broken down within 24 h. Isobutyrate was oxidized to acetate, a novel reaction possibly involving isomerization to n-butyrate. The rapid growth rate and versatile metabolism of Methanosarcina sp. make it a likely organism to be involved in start-up, whereas the low Km value of Methanothrix sp. for acetate may cause it to be favored in stable digestors operated with long retention times. Images
The Structure of EC Agriculture: Implications for CAP Reform and GATT

Statistics demonstrate the diversity of EC agriculture. Agriculture in southern Europe is characterized by many small farms, most of which emphasize crop production. In northern Europe, farms are larger and more likely to emphasize livestock production. More than 70 percent of all EC farms are in southern Europe, but northern Europe accounts for more than 60 percent of all agricultural production and public expenditures on agriculture. The proposed Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform would reduce agricultural support prices and impose additional supply control measures. Small-scale producers would be exempt from supply control provisions and would receive direct payments to compensate for reduced market returns. Large-scale producers would receive compensation payments on only a portion of their production. Given the distribution of land and livestock in the European Community, less than 10 percent of all farms are too large to receive full compensation, but these farms account for approximately 50 percent of all crop acreage and 40 percent of dairy and beef animals. These large farms are concentrated in northern Europe, which helps explain the opposition of several northern European agricultural ministers to the reform proposal.
Electrohydrodimerization Reactions II . Rotating Ring‐Disk Electrode, Voltammetric and Coulometric Studies of Dimethyl Fumarate, Cinnamonitrile, and Fumaronitrile

The reduction of the activated olefins dimethyl fumarate, cinnamonitrile, and fumaronitrile in tetra‐n‐butylammonium iodide‐dimethylformamide solutions at a platinum electrode has been studied by rotating ring‐disk electrode (RRDE) voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and coulometry. The results indicate that each compound undergoes a one‐electron reduction to the anion radical which then undergoes a dimerization reaction. Rate constants for this dimerization reaction were found to be 110 (dimethyl fumarate), 880 (cinnamonitrile), and . Evidence of some bulk polymerization reaction was obtained from the coulometric results.
Correlates and variance decomposition analysis of heparin dosing for maintenance hemodialysis in older US patients

Purpose Heparin is commonly used to anticoagulate the hemodialysis (HD) circuit. Despite the bleeding risk, no American standards exist for its administration. We identified correlates and quantified sources of variance in heparin dosing for HD. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of patients aged 67 years or older who underwent HD with heparin on one of two randomly chosen days in 2008 at a national chain of dialysis facilities. Using a mixed effects model with random intercept for facility and fixed patient and facility characteristics, we examined heparin dosing at patient and facility levels. Results The median heparin dose among the 17 722 patients treated in 1366 facilities was 4000 (25th–75th percentile: 2625–6000) units. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, higher weight, longer session duration, catheter use, and dialyzer reuse were significantly associated with higher heparin dose. Dose also varied considerably among census divisions. Of the overall variance in dose, 21% was due to between-facility differences, independent of facilities' case mix, geography, size, or rurality; 79% was due to differences at the patient level. The patient and facility characteristics in our model explained only 25% of the variance at the patient level. Conclusions Despite the lack of standards for heparin administration, we noted patterns of use, including weight-based and time-dependent dosing. Most of the variance was at the patient level; however, only a quarter of it could be explained. The high amount of unexplained variance suggests that factors other than clinical need are driving heparin dosing and that there is likely room for more judicious dosing of heparin. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constructing a taxonomy of media attributes for research purposes

An observer unfamiliar with the intricacy of media research might decide, on the basis of recent critical reviews, that it has enjoyed a brief and inglorious history. These reviews of media research (e.g., Saettler, 1968; Snow & Salomon, 1968; Gordon, 1970; Allen, 1971; Campeau, 1974; and Olson, 1974) generally conclude that we have produced very little in the way of useful research questions or a body of generalizable knowledge. In this article, I examine some of the problems with previous research on the use of various types of media in instruction, with an emphasis on research that has hypothesized interactions between various attributes of media and individual differences of subjects. This review of research
Two cellular proteins bind specifically to a purine-rich sequence necessary for the destabilization function of a c-fos protein-coding region determinant of mRNA instability

The c-fos proto-oncogene mRNA is rapidly degraded within minutes after its appearance in the cytoplasm of growth factor-stimulated mammalian fibroblasts. At least two functionally independent sequence elements are responsible for the lability of c-fos mRNA. One of these determinants is located within a 0.32-kb sequence present in the protein-coding region. We demonstrate by gel mobility shift experiments and UV cross-linking that at least two protein factors specifically interact with a 56-nucleotide purine-rich sequence located at the 5' end of the 0.32-kb coding region determinant of mRNA instability (CRDI). One protein is predominantly associated with the polysomes, while the other is detected in the post-ribosomal supernatant. Sequence comparison of members of the fos gene family revealed that the high purine content of the protein-binding region is conserved through evolution. Deletion of this region from the 0.32-kb CRDI severely impedes its function as an RNA-destabilizing element. Our results suggest that binding of the two proteins to the purine-rich sequence may participate in the rapid mRNA decay mediated by this 0.32-kb c-fos CRDI.
Formation of highly organized skeletal muscle fibers in vitro : comparison with muscle development in vivo

Two methods were developed in which long-term cultures of quail skeletal muscle were established so that all of the muscle fibers develop in a highly oriented manner. The muscle fibers became spontaneously and vigorously contractile and established strong connections with the extracellular matrix at their ends that closely duplicate the structure of the myotendinous junction. A continuous basal lamina was formed around each muscle fiber that contained type IV collagen, laminin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan. With one of the methods, an extensive extracellular matrix developed around each muscle fiber that was highly organized with the formation of a distinctive epimysium, perimysium and endomysium. Analysis of the cultures by both methods for different isoforms of myosin showed expression of an adult form of myosin by some of the muscle cells. The results therefore demonstrate that muscle development in the present culture systems proceeds extensively for several weeks. It will now be possible to investigate directly the structure of the connections between muscle fibers and the extracellular matrix.
Inducible System for the Utilization of β-Glucosides in Escherichia coli II. Description of Mutant Types and Genetic Analysis

Two types of mutants obtained by treating β-gl+ cells with nitrosoguanidine are described. One type, β-gl+c, is constitutive for the biosynthesis of the aryl β-glucoside splitting enzyme(s) and for the β-glucoside permease; the other (β-gl+sal−) has lost the capacity to ferment salicin, but has retained the capacity to ferment arbutin and other aryl β-glucosides. By two successive mutational steps, β-gl+sal−c double mutants can be obtained. Determinations of the enzymatic splitting of salicin and p-nitrophenyl β-glucoside by β-gl+sal− cells and extracts showed that these mutants have lost the capacity to split salicin but do split p-nitrophenyl β-glucoside; they possess the β-glucoside permease, and in them salicin is a gratuitous inducer for enzyme and permease biosynthesis. Studies on a β-gl+ strain, which splits salicin as well as p-nitrophenyl β-glucoside, have shown that the splitting of salicin is more temperature-sensitive than that of p-nitrophenyl β-glucoside and other β-glucosides. Other properties of the two activities are similar. Interrupted mating experiments and cotransduction with P1kc phage showed that the genetic determinants of the β-glucoside system map between the pyrE and ile loci. Three distinct mutational sites were found and are presumed to have the following functions: β-glA, a structural gene for an aryl β-glucoside splitting enzyme; β-glB, either the structural gene for the β-glucoside-permease or a regulatory gene; and β-glC, a regulatory gene (or site). Escherichia coli wild-type strains are of the genotype A+ B− C+. The β-gl+ mutation determining the ability to ferment β-glucosides is considered to be a permease or regulatory mutation, and the resulting genotype is A+ B+ C+. The β-gl+sal− phenotype results from a mutation in the β-glA gene (genotype A′ B+ C+), and the constitutive phenotype results from a mutation in the β-glC gene, the genotypes A+ B+Ca and A′ B+Ca corresponding to the phenotypes β-gl+c and β-gl+sal−c.
The Validity of the Ammons' Quick Test of Intelligence

The validity of the Quick Test was shown to be robust even though test administrators were relatively untrained.
What can quantum logic and fuzzy logic teach each other

ABSTRACT This work began with our consideration of the question: "Does fuzzy logic help us understand quantummechanics?" In arriving at a positive answer, we had to posit a nondeterministic defuzzifying rule. We suggest here that such a rule may be useful in fuzzy operations, especially fuzzy control. It is oftenpossible to construct an optical quantum computer which directly implements nondeterministic defuzzification by quantum indeterminacy. Thus our attempt to use fuzzy logic to understand quantummechanics leads to a system which uses quantum mechanics to implement fuzzy logic. I. PLAN OF PRESENTATION We plan to present a summary (Part II ofthis paper) of a longer paper submitted elsewhere (1) whichconsiders a fuzzy quantum metaphysics. The purpose is to show why we arrived at what we call "quantum defuzzification." Then, in Part Ill, we show that quantum defuzzification may be useful in conventional applications of fuzzy reasoning such as fuzzy control. In Part IV, we show that we can make quantumoptics isomorphic with quantum defuzzification, so generating the defuzzified quanta is an easy task foroptical computing.
Boyhood femininity, gender identity disorder, masculine presuppositions, and the anxiety of regulation.

This paper details the diagnostic discourse that has accumulated around feminine boys, including the traditional presuppositions of Gender Identity Disorder (GID). The GID discourse is examined for the ways in which it is built upon unquestioned beliefs about masculinity. Distinct from most modern considerations of gender, no effort has been made to critically theorize gender when thinking about feminine boys; masculinity is as masculinity was. Consequently, we are left with modes of diagnosis and treatment that are out of synch with modern social life, and a set of ideas that do not proceed from an adequate understanding of the range that is masculinity. New sustaining ideals are in play, and in accord with these ideals an argument is made for a new mode of psychotherapeutic address. The traditional individual trauma explanation for GID is questioned. Particular emphasis is given to the ways in which this traditional GID discourse fails to reckon with how masculinity is held in place by the strong arm of...
High resolution, two-dimensional imaging, microchannel plate detector for use on a sounding rocket experiment

We discuss a high resolution microchannel plate (MCP) imaging detector to be used in measurements of Doppler-shifted hydrogen Lyman-alpha line emission from Jupiter and the interplanetary medium. The detector is housed in a vacuum-tight stainless steel cylinder (to provide shielding from magnetic fields) with a MgF2 window. Operating at nominal voltage, the four plate configuration provides a gain of 1.2 x 10 exp 7 electrons per incident photon. The wedge-and-strip anode has two-dimensional imaging capabilities, with a resolution of 40 microns FWHM over a one centimeter diameter area. The detector has a high quantum efficiency while retaining a low background rate. A KBr photocathode is used to enhance the quantum efficiency of the bare MCPs to a value of 35 percent at Lyman-alpha.
Development of a methodology for non-contacting strain measurements in fluid environments using computer vision

Abstract Using first order, ray optics theory, a method has been developed and experimentally verified for measurement of surface strains on structures immersed in fluid environments. The methodology utilizes an imaging system that is contained within an air environment and separated from the fluid media by an optical quality, transparent window. Theoretical considerations demonstrate that non-contacting strain measurements in fluid systems are somewhat sensitive to the relative orientation of the transparent window, providing insight into the system setup required to make accurate strain measurements in fluid environments. Underwater experimental measurements using a laboratory-based system are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions, demonstrating that the proposed methodology is both viable and capable of measuring strains accurately.
Basement membrane collagen in the kidney: Regional localization of novel chains related to collagen IV

Basement membrane collagen in the kidney: Regional localization of novel chains related to collagen IV. Variability in the collagen chain composition of renal basement membranes was demonstrated by immunofluorescent microscopy using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies and correlating with imaging of the glomerular basement membrane by phase microscopy. Antibodies toward the globular domains of alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) collagen chains, triple helical and 7S domains of collagen IV bind within the glomerulus to mesangial matrix, along the subendothelial region of the glomerular capillary wall, and to all tubular and vascular basement membranes. The portion of glomerular basement membrane corresponding to the phase dense image is not reactive with these antibodies (pattern 1). A different binding pattern is seen with antibodies against two novel globular regions of basement membrane collagen chains which bind to the phase dense aspect of glomerular basement membrane and to Bowman's capsule (pattern 2). Human tubular basement membrane is not reactive, except along portions of the distal tubule, whereas bovine tubular basement membrane is diffusely reactive; mesangial matrix and extraglomerular vascular basement membranes are not reactive. Although a possible explanation for the regional distribution of basement membrane collagen antigens in the glomerulus may relate to antigen exposure, a more likely reason is that collagen chains are regionally expressed. The staining patterns suggest that the novel collagen chains have a selective tissue distribution compared with alpha 1(IV) and alpha 2(IV) chains and that the glomerular cells of origin of these collagen IV chains may differ.
Social learning augmented by social media: creating better organizations for a better world

Purpose – Social media provides a modern approach to working and learning with people across vast distances as easily as if they were side by side. The new tools foster a new type of social learning, offering leaders an opportunity to transform their organizations into rich learning labs where new knowledge and innovative practices emerge in real-time. Design/methodology/approach – Based on my book published in 2010, and the work I have done with more than 100 companies on social media’s use for fostering social learning. Findings – Social technologies should be used to replace outmoded education programs with more effective and mobile means. With these tools, learners can reframe learning from a passive activity done to learners to an active and very human activity that enables people to build upon their individual and collective potential. Originality/value – Written for this publication, yet based on the learnings since and research done originally for The New Social Learning.
Peptidergic and nitrinergic denervation in congenital esophageal stenosis.

Congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) is a rare disorder with narrowed esophageal lumen that presents as dysphagia from childhood and that is often associated with tracheobronchial remnants or webs. The pathogenesis of CES is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the histological and immunohistochemical features of CES. Esophagi from 2 young adults with CES and 3 controls with no motility disorders underwent routine H&E staining, trichrome staining for collagen, and detailed immunocytochemical studies for general neuronal markers (protein gene product 9.5, neuron-specific enolase, and S-100) and neurotransmitters (vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, substance P, and galanin) and nitric oxide synthase by β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase and a specific NO synthase antibody. Quantitative experiments compared the numbers of myenteric neurons and amounts of fibers at the circular muscle. CES esophagi showed infiltration of neutrophils in the myenteric plane, without any increase in collagen. NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry showed a significant reduction of myenteric nitrinergic neurons (7 ± 3.4 vs. 2.7 ± 1.8 neurons per high-power field) and fibers at the circular muscle. Other peptidergic neurons studied were not significantly reduced in CES. The specific total lack of NO inhibitory innervation may be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of stenosis and aperistalsis of the esophagus in this disorder.
Simulated biomass and soil carbon of loblolly pine and cottonwood plantations across a thermal gradient in southeastern United States

Abstract Changes in biomass and soil carbon with nitrogen fertilization were simulated for a 25-year loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantation and for three consecutive 7-year short-rotation cottonwood (Populus deltoides) stands. Simulations were conducted for 17 locations in the southeastern United States with mean annual temperatures ranging from 13.1 to 19.4 °C. The LINKAGES stand growth model, modified to include the “RothC” soil C and soil N model, simulated tree growth and soil C status. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased cumulative cottonwood aboveground biomass in the three rotations from a site average of 106 to 272 Mg/ha in 21 years. The equivalent site averages for loblolly pine showed a significant increase from 176 and 184 Mg/ha in 25 years with fertilization. Location results, compared on the annual sum of daily mean air temperatures above 5.5 °C (growing-degree-days), showed contrasts. Loblolly pine biomass increased whereas cottonwood decreased with increasing growing-degree-days, particularly in cottonwood stands receiving N fertilization. The increment of biomass due to N addition per unit of control biomass (relative response) declined in both plantations with increase in growing-degree-days. Average soil C in loblolly pine stands increased from 24.3 to 40.4 Mg/ha in 25 years and in cottonwood soil C decreased from 14.7 to 13.7 Mg/ha after three 7-year rotations. Soil C did not decrease with increasing growing-degree-days in either plantation type suggesting that global warming may not initially affect soil C. Nitrogen fertilizer increased soil C slightly in cottonwood plantations and had no significant effect on the soil C of loblolly stands.
Myxosarcoma of the pulmonary valve.

A patient is described who had myxosarcoma originating from the anterior cusp of the pulmonary valve and extending into both proximal pulmonary arteries. The malignant nature of the tumor was not recognized at time of surgery; therefore, subtotal resection was performed to preserve the pulmonary valve. The tumor recurred rapidly, radical resection was performed and the right ventricular outflow tract and proximal pulmonary arteries were reconstructed.