The Impact of 20q Deletion on Clinical Presentation, Treatment Response and Survival in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Experience

Abstract Background: Karyotype classification is one of the strongest independent prognostic indicators in AML. The majority of recurring chromosomal aberrations are associated with an individual prognosis, other less frequent like the Del (20q), have been minimally evaluated and classified as intermediate risk in AML. Multiple studies established isolated 20q deletion as a good prognostic marker in MDS, with lower AML transformation rates and longer median overall survival (OS) in comparison with complex 20q deletion. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and the impact on outcome of 20q deletion alone or with additional cytogenetic abnormalities in adult patients with AML. Patients and Methods: AML patients with chromosome 20 abnormalities were identified between 2000 and 2012 through the MD Anderson Cancer Center AML database (n=1741). Collected data included baseline demographics, number and type of additional cytogenetic abnormalities, disease characteristics, treatment and outcome. OS was defined as time from hematological diagnosis to death or last follow-up and relapse-free survival (RFS) was measured from time of hematological response to relapse. The Kaplan-Meier product limit method was used to estimate overall survival and the log-rank tests were employed for statistical comparisons between the OS curves. Results: From a total of 1741 adult AML patients, we identified 35 with Del (20q), representing 2% of our cohort. The distribution of cytogenetic abnormalities was as follows: isolated Del (20q) in 5 (14%), +8 in 3 (9%), +8 complex in 2 (6%), -5 complex in 8 (23%), -7 complex in 5 (14%), -7 not complex in 1 (3%), -5 and -7 complex in 6 (17%), other complex in 1 (3%), and other not complex in 4 (11%). Patients with Del (20q) were older (p=0.04), with lower bone marrow blast numbers (p Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that Del (20q) occurs in 2% of previously untreated AML patients, with around 63% of these patients showing complex karyotype. Patients with Del (20q) have lower response rate and worse outcome, similar to patients with unfavorable cytogenetics. Table 1 . Clinical descriptors, hematologic parameters and outcome of each set of patients Del 20q in Karyotype All others non-Del 20q P N = 35 N = 1706 Age (y), median (range) 65 (35-83) 61 (12-89) 0.04 Baseline hematologic data median (range) WBC × 109/L 2.7 (0.7-32.6) 5.8 (0.3-433) 0.001 Hemoglobin, g/dL 8.1 (5.6-14.2) 8.7 (2-93.3) 0.29 Platelet count, × 109/L 40 (7-254) 49 (2-676) 0.21 Neutrophil 29 (4-88) 16 (0-94) PB blasts 9 (0-50) 16 (0-99) 0.02 BM blasts 30 (7-98) 47 (0-99) Treatment Response and Survival Prior Chemo/XRT 7 301 0.72 CR 13 (37%) 990 (58%) 0.01 CRp 3 (9%) 88 (5%) 0.03 Cri 0 18 (1%) - RFS median, mo (95% CI) 17.22 (16.81-17.62) 25.59 (25.56-25-62) 0.55 OS median, mo (95% CI) 7.49 (7.26-7.73) 13.47 (13.45-13.49) 0.01 Download : Download high-res image (78KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Chahoud: American Society of Hematology (ASH): Other: 2015 HONORS Award recipient. Off Label Use: Inotuzumab.. Cortes: Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; BerGenBio AS: Research Funding; Teva: Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astellas: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ambit: Consultancy, Research Funding; Arog: Research Funding; Celator: Research Funding; Jenssen: Consultancy.