cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Attributes of Bean Yellow Mosaic Potyvirus Transmission from Clover to Snap Beans by Four Species of Aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Abstract After characterization of the natural spread of necrosis-inducing Bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (family Potyviridae, genus Potyvirus, BYMVN), nonpersistently transmitted from clover, Trifolium repens L., to an adjacent field of snap bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., in western Oregon, we established a study site enabling us to investigate the virus reservoir, to observe en masse transmission of BYMVN to bean plants, and to identify aphid species associated with virus spread. Colonies of Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and Aphis fabae Scopoli associated with virus spread were established in an insectary and shown to vector this virus. Although Nearctaphis bakeri (Cowen) comprised 68% of aphid alatae taken from bean leaves during virus spread, we were unable to show that this species could vector the virus by using the same methods that were successful for the other species. Instead, we found that when two distinct N. bakeri colonies unexpectedly emerged from the roots of T. repens...
Case Scenario: Amniotic Fluid Embolism

MNIOTIC fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but potentially catastrophic obstetric emergency. Despite earlier recognition and aggressive treatment, morbidity and mortality rates remain high. An estimated 5–15% of all maternal deaths in Western countries are due to AFE. 1 Recent retrospective reviews of population-based hospital databases in Canada 2 and the United States 3 found AFE incidences of 6.1–7.7 cases per 100,000 births. The United States cohort used data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization ProjectNationwide Inpatient Sample from 1998 to 2003, which included all hospital admissions in the United States. The Canadian database included three million hospital deliveries from1991to2002.Theonlyprospectivestudyalsoincluded data from three million deliveries in the United Kingdom and reported an incidence of 2.0 per 100,000 births. 4 This cohortusedtheUnitedKingdomObstetricSurveillanceSys
Ancient Admixture in Human History

Population mixture is an important process in biology. We present a suite of methods for learning about population mixtures, implemented in a software package called ADMIXTOOLS, that support formal tests for whether mixture occurred and make it possible to infer proportions and dates of mixture. We also describe the development of a new single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array consisting of 629,433 sites with clearly documented ascertainment that was specifically designed for population genetic analyses and that we genotyped in 934 individuals from 53 diverse populations. To illustrate the methods, we give a number of examples that provide new insights about the history of human admixture. The most striking finding is a clear signal of admixture into northern Europe, with one ancestral population related to present-day Basques and Sardinians and the other related to present-day populations of northeast Asia and the Americas. This likely reflects a history of admixture between Neolithic migrants and the indigenous Mesolithic population of Europe, consistent with recent analyses of ancient bones from Sweden and the sequencing of the genome of the Tyrolean "Iceman."
Confronting mass-varying neutrinos with MiniBooNE

We study the proposal that mass-varying neutrinos could provide an explanation for the LSND signal for ${\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}}_{e}$ oscillations. We first point out that all positive oscillation signals occur in matter and that three active mass-varying neutrinos are insufficient to describe all existing neutrino data including LSND. We then examine the possibility that a model with four mass-varying neutrinos (three active and one sterile) can explain the LSND effect and remain consistent with all other neutrino data. We find that such models with a $3+1$ mass structure in the neutrino sector may explain the LSND data and a null MiniBooNE result for $0.10\ensuremath{\lesssim}{sin﻿}^{2}2{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{x}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.30$. Predictions of the model include a null result at Double-CHOOZ, but positive signals for underground reactor experiments and for ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{e}$ oscillations in long-baseline experiments.
On Ertel's Potential Vorticity Theorem. On the Impermeability Theorem for Potential Vorticity

Abstract Potential vorticity (PV) is usually defined as αω · gradϕ, where α is the specific volume, ω is vorticity, and ϕ is any quantity, usually a conserved one. The most common derivation of the PV theorem therefore uses the component of the vorticity equation normal to the ϕ surfaces. Since PV can also be expressed as α div(u × gradϕ) and α div(ωϕ), alternative derivations of the PV conservation law are introduced. In these derivations the PV conservation theorem is considered as the divergence of the projection (weighted by |gradϕ|) of the equation of motion onto the direction of gradϕ, or, alternately, as the divergence of a ϕ-weighted vorticity equation. The first of these interpretations is closely related to the procedure of considering every ϕ surface as a surface of constraint for the infinitesimal virtual displacements used in variational methods, and therefore it is closely related to a Hamiltonian derivation of the PV theorem. The different expressions are presented using the spatial as well...
Impairment Evaluation in Pain Management Physician, or Attorney in White Coat?

Impairment and disability evaluations have become a growth industry in the United States. Impairment evaluation is sometimes termed independent medical evaluation, or IME. So-called independent medical experts are hired guns to provide opposite opinions, similar to attorneys in this case. IME is the practice of medicine on one hand. On the other hand, it is the practice of law in white coats. Impairment is defined as the loss of a physiologic function or of an anatomic structure. Disability, however, is defined as an inability or altered ability to successfully accomplish a given task. For successful implementation of various disability systems, the essential medical/legal interface can be successfully achieved only if the physician has at least a minimum level of understanding of the legal system, and the attorney has an adequate understanding of the medical facts and the limits of medical science. Many physicians approach impairment ratings and disability evaluations by extrapolating from the knowledge and experience gained in their specialties. However, there are numerous fundamental differences between the standard medical evaluation and impairment/disability evaluation. Important aspects of impairment evaluation include medical evaluation, analysis of findings, and comparison of the results. In impairment evaluation, it is crucial to establish causal relationship and decide on maximum medical improvement, apart from providing the impairment rating. This review will discuss various aspects of impairment evaluation.
20-OR : FAVORABLE OUTCOME OF RENAL ALLOGRAFT RECIPIENTS WITH DONOR SPECIFIC HLA ANTIBODIES

Aim The clinical significance of low strength donor specific antibodies (DSA) is not clearly understood. We evaluated the outcome of 322 renal allograft recipients with various degrees of immunologic risk, transplanted from 2009 to 2012. Methods Antibody screening and identification were performed using the One Lambda Single Antigen Bead (SAB) assay. Patients with DSA mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) lower than 5,000 and flow-cytometry T and B cell cross-match channel shift values lower than 150 and 250, respectively, were accepted for transplantation. All patients with DSA received thymoglobulin (total 6 gram) and IVIG (2 gram/kg). To monitor DSA, the SAB assay was performed at 1, 3 and 12 months post-transplantation. Results Patients with pre-tx DSA (N = 54) had on average 1.67 ± 0.83 DSAs with a mean MFI of 2926 ±2904. Mean channel shift for flow cytometry T and B cell cross-match was 136 ± 50 and 162 ± 60, respectively. During a median follow-up of 37 months, there were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of patient and graft survival, acute rejection rate, serum creatinine levels and development of BKV and CMV viremia (Table). Twenty eight patients lost 44 DSA and there was a significant decrease in post-transplant mean number of DSAs (0.69 ± 0.85) and mean MFI (1185 ± 2202) (p Table 1 ]. Conclusions We demonstrate that similar patient and graft survival rates can be achieved in patients with pre-transplant DSA compared to patients without DSA by careful assessment of the immunologic risk prior to transplantation.
Enterography CT without and with water enema in patients with Crohn’s disease: Results from a comparative observational study in comparison with endoscopy

Abstract Objectives CT is nowadays an examination routinely performed in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. However, there are several ways to assess gastro-intestinal tract, in particular colonic segments. Aim of this study is to compare enterography-CT (E-CT), performed after oral administration of polyethylene-glycol solution (PEG-CT) versus enterography-CT performed also with water enema via rectum (ECT-WE) in patients with CD. Methods We have studied 79 patients with CD undergone to enterography-CT (42 evaluated with PEG-CT and 37 with ECT-WE) who have performed a lower endoscopy within 15 days before CT. CT results concerning large bowel were compared with endoscopic findings. Intestinal distension, discomfort of the patients, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were evaluated. Pearson test was used for statistical analysis. Results Degree of abdominal pain was significantly higher in patients underwent to ECT-WE compared to PEG-CT. Distension of the colon was significantly greater in patients studied with ECT-WE compared to those studied with PEG-CT. Values of sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of PEG-CT and ECT-WE were respectively 77, 86.5 and 81%, and 89, 100 and 92% in comparison with endoscopy. Conclusions In patients with CD, ECT-WE allows the evaluation of large bowel in addition to small bowel better than PEG-CT.
Single agent bevacizumab and bevacizumab in combination with docetaxel and cisplatin as induction therapy for resectable IB-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer

18045 Background: Bevacizumab (Bev) improves response and survival in patients with advanced non-squamous lung cancer with chemotherapy however there are limited data as single agent therapy and in...
Applying Context to Systems Integration in AEC

Large-scale capital programs, often involving many concurrent projects with huge amount of investment, multiple years of planning, design and construction and thus great social and economic impact, bear many features of dynamic, or ad-hoc, collaboration mainly due to the fact that they have multiple, volatile yet collaborative organizations, as well as heterogeneous supporting information systems. In order to provide an integrated information base for decision support, many previous studies focused on a strategy of sharing a common semantic model among heterogeneous data sources. Such a strategy has many obvious benefits; however, it works only when it is possible for heterogeneous data sources to share the common semantic model. For collaborating systems that cannot share a common semantic model, a different strategy is needed. This paper, based on the theories and the principles developed in the computer science, discusses the concept of context and its potential applications to AEC (Architecture Engineering Construction)-related systems integration, the dichotomy of semantics and context, and a conceptual solution of using context to assist systems integration. Limitations and future studies will also be discussed.
Molecular Orbital Engineering of a Panchromatic Cyclometalated Ru(II) Dye for p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

We report a panchromatic cyclometalated Ru(II) complex, denoted as O18, which shows intense metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions in the visible to near-IR region with the absorption tail extending to 800 nm. The panchromatic spectra response and enhanced molar extinction coefficient (e = 1.9 × 104 M–1 cm–1 at 593 nm in solution) of O18 are attributed to the stabilization of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the increased absorption cross section via rationally extending the π-conjugated system of 2,2′-bipyridyl (bpy) ligands. As a result, NiO solar cells sensitized with O18 show short-circuit currents up to 3.43 mA cm–2 and efficiencies up to 0.104%, which are the best among all cyclometalated-Ru(II)-sensitized p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals decreased geminate recombination across the O18–NiO interface by 1 order of magnitude compared to our previous report.
Dépistages des maladies métaboliques en pédiatrie

Le depistage des maladies metaboliques en pediatrie comprend le depistage neonatal systematique de cinq maladies rares et graves, chez tous les nouveau-nes. Les evolutions technologiques recentes de la spectrometrie de masse en tandem permettent egalement le diagnostic de plus de vingt maladies hereditaires du metabolisme, a partir d’une seule tache de sang deposee sur papier.
Abstract B87: Analgesics use increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC): Results from a large up-to-date meta-analysis

Introduction: Analgesics have been linked to an increased risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but the evidence is mixed. Using a meta-analysis design of all available studies, we investigated the association between analgesic use and RCC risk. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE database to identify eligible case-control or cohort studies published in English from 1966 to July 1, 2011 for 3 categories of analgesics: acetaminophen, aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Study-specific effect estimates were pooled to compute an overall relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), using a random effects model, for each category of the analgesics. Analyses were conducted according to regular/any use and high dose or long-duration of use, separately. Results: We identified 18 studies (12 for acetaminophen, 12 for aspirin, and 5 for other NSAIDs) that were performed in 6 countries. Regular/any use of acetaminophen and other NSAIDs were each associated with an increased risk of RCC: pooled RR, 1.33 (95% CI 1.18–1.49) for acetaminophen and 1.26 (95% CI, 1.09–1.44) for other NSAIDs, respectively. For use of aspirin, we found no significant increased risk (pooled RR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.98–1.33]). Similar risk trends were seen with high dose of analgesics intake. No significant difference in associations was found by study design (case-control vs. cohort), type of controls in case-control study (population based vs. hospital based), outcome (RCC vs. kidney cancer), and gender (male vs. female). There was no indication of publication bias for the 3 analgesics. Conclusions: In this meta-analysis of analgesics use and RCC risk, we found that use of acetaminophen and non-aspirin NSAIDs was associated with a significant increased risk of developing RCC. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2011;4(10 Suppl):B87.
Tribbles in normal and malignant haematopoiesis

The tribbles protein family, an evolutionarily conserved group of pseudokinases, have been shown to regulate multiple cellular events including those involved in normal and malignant haematopoiesis. The three mammalian Tribbles homologues, Trib1, Trib2 and Trib3 are characterized by conserved motifs, including a pseudokinase domain and a C-terminal E3 ligase-binding domain. In this review, we focus on the role of Trib (mammalian Tribbles homologues) proteins in mammalian haematopoiesis and leukaemia. The Trib proteins show divergent expression in haematopoietic cells, probably indicating cell-specific functions. The roles of the Trib proteins in oncogenesis are also varied and appear to be tissue-specific. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which the Trib proteins preferentially regulate these processes in multiple cell types.
Study on preparing pharmaceutical-grade potassium chloride with control speed crystallization technology

A technology of preparing pharmaceutical-grade potassium chloride at room temperature by controlling growth speed of crystallization was introduced.The technology took potassium chloride crystallized from sea salt brine as raw material,and inducted crystallization recombination process.The technology had the merit of succession,stabilization and being easy to put into industrialization and more.
Energy Crops vs. Forest Biomass for Meeting the Renewable Fuel Standard: Implications for Land Use and GHG Emissions

Increasing concerns about energy security and climate change mitigation have led to significant policy support for biofuels, particularly for cellulosic biofuels. This paper examines the short- and long-run effects of Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) on the mix of agricultural and forest biomass, food, fuel and wood markets and land use change by using an economic model that integrates the agriculture, forest and transportation fuel sectors. Our results show that RFS would lead to the production of about 1600 billion liters of corn ethanol over the 2010-2035 periods, which could constitute a maximum of two-thirds of the cumulative biofuel production; the remaining mandate is met by advanced biofuels. The logging residues are the primary initial providers of biomass feedstocks. After year 2025, energy crops and crop residues will play the leading role in cellulosic feedstocks production. Producing these biofuels will not cause significant land use change between and within agricultural and forest sector as compared to the business-as-usual (BAU) case. The total annual GHG flux under RFS in 2035 is improved by 6.9% and social welfare increases by 4% relative to BAU.
Convergent Synthesis of a Metal–Organic Framework Supported Olefin Metathesis Catalyst

Synthesis of a metal–organic framework (MOF)-supported olefin metathesis catalyst has been accomplished for the first time following a new, convergent approach where an aldehyde-functionalized derivative of Hoveyda’s recently reported ruthenium catecholate olefin metathesis catalyst is condensed with an amine-functionalized IRMOF-74-III. The resulting material, denoted MOF-Ru, has well-defined, catalytically active ruthenium centers confined within channels having a ca. 20 A diameter. MOF-Ru is a recyclable, single-site catalyst for self-cross-metathesis and ring-closing metathesis of terminal olefins. Comparison of this heterogeneous catalyst with a homogeneous analogue shows different responses to substrate size and shape suggestive of confinement effects. The MOF-Ru catalyst also displays greater resistance to double-bond migration that can be attributed to greater catalyst stability. For the preparation of well-defined, single-site heterogeneous catalysts where catalyst purity is essential, the conver...
The Stage for Final Status

As Ahtisaari's appointment was being finalized in November 2005, the members of the Contact Group (France, Germany, Italy, Russian Federation, the UK, and the United States) issued ten “Guiding Principles for a settlement of the Status of Kosovo” to support Ahtisaari's efforts. These principles stated that any settlement should strengthen regional security and stability, ensure Kosovo's multiethnicity, provide for protection of the cultural and religious heritage in Kosovo, and enable Kosovo to cooperate effectively with international organizations and international financial institutions. They declared partition of Kosovo or its annexation to any other state unacceptable. The Contact Group position was popularly characterized as expressing “three no's”: no partitioning of Kosovo, no going back to the status before 1999, and no merging with other states. In recruiting Ahtisaari for the special envoy position, the Quint had not yet officially committed itself to the goal of independence for Kosovo – and Russia, as the sixth member of the Contact Group, certainly had not. On the other hand, everyone including Ahtisaari agreed that there was no way that Kosovo could be folded back under Serbian control, and they also agreed that the status quo of international administration was not viable. Within the Contact Group, Britain and the United States were pushing hardest for some clear resolution of Kosovo's status and knew that independence would be the outcome.
Air Pollution in the “Urban Ecosystem”

The lone pioneer who set the pattern of America’s fuel economy had no need to worry about waste disposal. He used some of his fireplace residues to make fertilizer and soap. The rest he carted some convenient distance from his cabin for free venting to the forest ecosystem. Gaseous effluents and light particulates went up the flue with lost heat, as the very physics of energy conversion performed an ostensibly free clean-up service.
Convective Cooling in the Transitional Rarefied Flow Regime

Convective heat transfer in the transitional rarefied flow regime is evaluated both numerically using the ES-BGK collision model and experimentally for freely suspended silicon beams. Results are compared to both empirically derived continuum correlations as well as analytical free-molecule solutions, demonstrating a monotonic nonlinear transition between the two regimes. Both horizontal and vertical orientations were explored in an effort to evaluate the potential influence of buoyancy on heat transfer performance. Results demonstrate that such effects are largely insignificant for transitional rarefied flows and convective thermal dissipation is instead driven by thermal creep phenomena.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
A new predictive model for continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea

Numerous mathematical formulas have been developed to determine continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) without an in-laboratory titration study. Recent studies have shown that style of CPAP mask can affect the optimal pressure requirement. However, none of the current models take mask style into account. Therefore, the goal of this study was to develop new predictive models of CPAP that take into account the style of mask interface. Data from 200 subjects with attended CPAP titrations during overnight polysomnograms using nasal masks and 132 subjects using oronasal masks were randomized and split into either a model development or validation group. Predictive models were then created in each model development group and the accuracy of the models was then tested in the model validation groups. The correlation between our new oronasal model and laboratory determined optimal CPAP was significant, r = 0.61, p < 0.001. Our nasal formula was also significantly related to laboratory determined optimal CPAP, r = 0.35, p < 0.001. The oronasal model created in our study significantly outperformed the original CPAP predictive model developed by Miljeteig and Hoffstein, z = 1.99, p < 0.05. The predictive performance of our new nasal model did not differ significantly from Miljeteig and Hoffstein’s original model, z = −0.16, p < 0.90. The best predictors for the nasal mask group were AHI, lowest SaO2, and neck size, whereas the top predictors in the oronasal group were AHI and lowest SaO2. Our data show that predictive models of CPAP that take into account mask style can significantly improve the formula’s accuracy. Most of the past models likely focused on model development with nasal masks (mask style used for model development was not typically reported in previous investigations) and are not well suited for patients using an oronasal interface. Our new oronasal CPAP prediction equation produced significantly improved performance compared to the well-known Miljeteig and Hoffstein formula in patients titrated on CPAP with an oronasal mask and was also significantly related to laboratory determined optimal CPAP.
Influence of Factors on Clothing Sales and its Future Trend

Forecasting is crucial for many industries. Sales forecasting for retail is critical to understand the volatile product demand and supply chain lifecycle. This paper is a study conducted on clothing store sales with data of previous 20 years. Variables such as GDP, GDP per capita, population, marriage rates and their effect on clothing store sales were studied. Regression analysis, ARIMA model for time series analysis with JMP software were used to forecast sales for the next 20 and 50 years. Keywords: Sales forecasting, clothing stores, Regression analysis, ARIMA
The unique genomic landscape surrounding the EPSPS gene in glyphosate resistant Amaranthus palmeri: a repetitive path to resistance

The expanding number and global distributions of herbicide resistant weedy species threaten food, fuel, fiber and bioproduct sustainability and agroecosystem longevity. Amongst the most competitive weeds, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats has rapidly evolved resistance to glyphosate primarily through massive amplification and insertion of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene across the genome. Increased EPSPS gene copy numbers results in higher titers of the EPSPS enzyme, the target of glyphosate, and confers resistance to glyphosate treatment. To understand the genomic unit and mechanism of EPSPS gene copy number proliferation, we developed and used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library from a highly resistant biotype to sequence the local genomic landscape flanking the EPSPS gene. By sequencing overlapping BACs, a 297 kb sequence was generated, hereafter referred to as the “EPSPS cassette.” This region included several putative genes, dense clusters of tandem and inverted repeats, putative helitron and autonomous replication sequences, and regulatory elements. Whole genome shotgun sequencing (WGS) of two biotypes exhibiting high and no resistance to glyphosate was performed to compare genomic representation across the EPSPS cassette. Mapping of sequences for both biotypes to the reference EPSPS cassette revealed significant differences in upstream and downstream sequences relative to EPSPS with regard to both repetitive units and coding content between these biotypes. The differences in sequence may have resulted from a compounded-building mechanism such as repetitive transpositional events. The association of putative helitron sequences with the cassette suggests a possible amplification and distribution mechanism. Flow cytometry revealed that the EPSPS cassette added measurable genomic content. The adoption of glyphosate resistant cropping systems in major crops such as corn, soybean, cotton and canola coupled with excessive use of glyphosate herbicide has led to evolved glyphosate resistance in several important weeds. In Amaranthus palmeri, the amplification of the EPSPS cassette, characterized by a complex array of repetitive elements and putative helitron sequences, suggests an adaptive structural genomic mechanism that drives amplification and distribution around the genome. The added genomic content not found in glyphosate sensitive plants may be driving evolution through genome expansion.
Forewarned Is Forearmed- Comparison of Southern Network on Adverse Reactions (SONAR) Versus an FDA-Mandated Prospective Observational Registry Assessment of Gemtuzumab Ozogamycin-Associated Sinusoidal Obstructive Syndrome

Abstract Gemtuzumab ozogamycin (GO) received initial approval in 2000 from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients age 60 and older suffering with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. After 10 years of administering GO-containing combination chemotherapy regimens, the drug was voluntarily removed from the commercial market in 2010 amid reports of unexpected development of sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS); which has the potential to be fatal. Four months after the initial approval for marketing in 2000, SONAR initiated an investigation of GO-associated SOS. SONAR reported an incidence rate of 38% among allogeneic stem-cell transplants and 16% among autologous stem-cell transplant (SCT) patients. Ultimately, there was an overall incidence rate of 3% when single-agent GO was administered as directed by the FDA. In 2007, as a result of the examination of the reports from clinical trials and observational studies; data mining of interim reports from the manufacturer’s Prospective Observational Registry and the FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System was undertaken. In 2013, the pharmaceutical manufacturer reported results from its FDA-mandated prospective observational study. Major differences between the SONAR report and the mnaufacturer’s report include: timing of publication (2007 versus 2013); inclusion of information on allogeneic stem cell versus autologous stem cell transplantation prior to GO administration (in our reports only) and identification of risk factors associated with higher rates of SOS (SCT within 3 months of GO administration, off-label administration of high doses of GO, and concomitant administration of 6-TG in our analysis versus no identified risk factors in the manufacturer’s analysis). The incidence of SOS was 9.1% among 482 patients at 54 centers in the manufacturer’s registry. Table 1: . Comparison of gemtuzumab ozogamycin (GO) safety reports analyses between SONAR and manufacturer SONAR Pharmaceutical Investigation # of pts who received GO 1071 482 # of pts with SOS 99 44 DATA METHODS # of centers involved 50 centers (US and UK) 54 centers (US only) Interim analysis Not done Yes (2002 and 2005) Concomitant chemo given 67% 41% # of pts with concomitant HCT 26% 0% % with prior alloSCT 2.6% Not reported % with prior autoSCT 3.9% Not reported % with prior HSCT 6.5% 18.3% % with subsequent alloSCT 1.2% 0% % with subsequent autoSCT 2.0% 0% Publication Date* 2007 2013 * Gemtuzumab ozogamycin voluntarily removed from market in 2010 by the pharmaceutical manufacturer Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog (Amphibia, Craugastoridae, Pristimantis) from high elevations of the Pui Pui Protected Forest in central Peru.

We describe a new species of Pristimantis from upper montane forests and high Andean grasslands of the Pui Pui Protected Forest and its close surroundings, Region Junin, central Peru. The description of the new species is based on 34 specimens found at elevations between 3400 and 3936 m a.s.l. Pristimantis attenboroughisp. n. is characterized by a snout-vent length of 14.6-19.2 mm in adult males (n = 21), 19.2-23.0 mm in adult females (n = 10), and is compared morphologically and genetically with other taxonomically and biogeographically relevant species of Pristimantis. The new species is characterized by having narrow digits that lack circumferential grooves, irregularly shaped, discontinuous dorsolateral folds, and absence of both tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus. The high similarity in morphology between P. attenboroughisp. n. and members of the Andean genera Phrynopus and Bryophryne provides an example for convergent evolution, and highlights the importance of using molecular data to justify generic assignment. Pristimantis attenboroughisp. n. is most similar to Phrynopus chaparroi from the Region Junin, suggesting that the generic placement of this species needs to be revised. Phylogenetically the new species belongs to the Pristimantis danae species Group, a clade that includes several Pristimantis species distributed in the montane forests of central Peru, including P. albertus, P. aniptopalmatus, P. ornatus, and P. stictogaster.
CANCIAN, Francesca M. and Stacey J. OLIKER, THE GENDER LENS: CARING AND GENDER.

CANCIAN, Francesca M. and Stacey J. OLIKER, THE GENDER LENS: CARING AND GENDER. Thousand Oaks, California: Pine Forge Press, 2000,183 pp.; $21.95 softcover. This book explores the dimensions of caregiving from a sociological perspective. According to Cancian and Oliker, caring is highly valued in American culture in some ways and devalued in others. The problem with caregiving is that it has traditionally and continues today to be seen as women's work and has been a basis of inequality. The different forms of caregiving discussed in the book are: caregiving in families of various structures and forms, paid caregiving outside families, caregiving in communities through voluntary associations, and government caregiving. One of the main themes is that caregiving has been viewed as natural rather than skilled work and as a result the domain of women. This is not to say that caregiving is unimportant. To the contrary, the authors argue that it is important and that we should value it more than we do because we should be a caring society. However, it should not be relegated solely to women and it should not be underpaid and undervalued. Cancian and Oliker challenge the belief of the naturalness of women as caregivers through first examining historical portraits of families in America. Early families had many functions and caregiving as we think of it today was not the same. The way people cared for each other and expressed affection were limited by economic hardship, by high death rates among children and adults, and by religious beliefs that stressed the importance of teaching children self-control, obedience, and piety. There were variations in caregiving between European Americans, Native Americans and enslaved African Americans. Changes in the economy relegated separate gender spheres and caregiving came to be seen as solely women's work. This view carried over into the employment sector. Through tracing the process of the professionalization of Nursing, Cancian and oliker illustrate how caregiving was viewed by society as natural for women, rather than a skill. Cancian and Oliker explore the myth of the self-sufficient nuclear family. They argue that this idea encourages people to oppose government programs that support families that deviate from this myth. This cultural belief does not take into account the outside forces such as the availability of jobs, the wage rate, violence in the streets, or the quality of education that impinge upon the sufficiency of families. …
Oxidation State Discrimination in the Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Oxides

We describe the use of a vanadium 3+ precursor for atomic layer deposition (ALD) of thin films that span the common oxidation states of vanadium oxides. Self-limiting surface synthesis of V2O3, VO2, and V2O5 are realized through four distinct reaction mechanisms accessed via judicious choice of oxygen ALD partners. In situ quartz crystal microbalance and quadrupole mass spectrometry were used to study the reaction mechanism of the vanadium precursor with O3, H2O2, H2O/O2, and H2O2/H2. A clear distinction between nonoxidative protic ligand exchange and metal oxidation is demonstrated through sequential surface reactions with different nonmetal precursors. This synergistic effect provides greater control of the resultant metal species in the film, as well as reactive surface species during growth. In an extension of this approach, we introduce oxidation state control through reducing equivalents of H2 gas. When H2 is dosed after H2O2 during growth, amorphous films of VO2 are deposited that are readily cryst...
Accuracy of Grading and Staging Prostate Cancer

At least 40 different grading systems for prostate carcinoma have been proposed. Only a few of these have been demonstrated to be reproducible (1–3).
Unique Cannulation Technique and Atrioventricular Valve Excision for HeartWare HVAD in the Small Fontan Patient

Patients with pediatric heart failure requiring mechanical circulatory support present unique challenges. The devices employed in pediatric patients, including the HeartWare HVAD, were originally developed for adults. Proper fit and function of the device often requires creative cannulation strategies and other operative techniques due to the small size and varying anatomy of children with circulatory failure. A novel cannulation strategy that is applicable in select patients is right atrial cannulation. This location can be utilized in both univentricular and biventricular hearts. Also, excision of the systemic atrioventricular valve, including the subvalvar apparatus, is one strategy to prevent inflow obstruction to the ventricular assist device in smaller sized hearts. This technique is applicable with either apical or atrial cannulation, and in both univentricular and biventricular hearts.
Cyber disruption detection in linear power systems

There are many kinds of cyber disruptions in smart grids. In order to address these issues, dynamic state estimation is utilized. These estimators are able to efficiently capture the power system dynamics because of their fast update rate. Contrary to its undue influence, unknown input disruptions and their detection methods have not attracted many researchers' attentions. Cyber malfunction and faults can be emerged as unknown input disturbances in power systems. These interruptions can endanger the stability and security of the power system; therefore, in this paper an accurate detection method is proposed to address this serious problem. Additionally, one dynamic state observer is applied to a case study to estimate this system's states and the unknown input. This case study is load frequency of a single area power system. According to results, this proposed method is successfully able to estimate the states.
Modelo lingüístico proporcional de la población chicana

No hay acuerdo sobre que modelo sociolinguistico resulta adecuado para explicar las variedades linguisticas utilizadas por los chicanos, en particular sobre las variedades del ingles empleadas por este grupo etnico. El desacuerdo es resultado de distintos presupuestos, a veces equivocados, de los investigadores. Tampoco existe un modelo que represente las proporciones demograficas de las distintas variedades linguisticas. En este articulo, despues de analizar dos modelos, nos apoyamos en uno que contiene criterios linguisticos y demograficos. Para el efecto, nos servimos de cinco graficas, cuatro de estados estadunidenses y una de toda la poblacion chicana. Dichas graficas se fundamentan en principios linguisticos y sociolinguisticos explicitos y en datos demograficos del censo nacional de 1980. ABSTRACT An agreement as to which sociolinguistic method is adequate in explaining the linguistic varieties used by Chicanos, particularly in regards to the varieties of English employed by this ethnic group is nonexistent. This disagreement is the result of the different and sometimes wrong assumptions of researchers. A model representing the demographic proportions of the different linguistic varieties is also nonexistent. In this paper, after criticizing the established models, I present a model that contains both linguistic and demographic criteria. 1 also present five charts, of four different American states and one of the whole Chicano population. These charts are founded on explicit linguistic and sociolinguistic principles and demographic data taken from the 1980 national census.
Enhancing clot properties through fibrin-specific self-cross-linked PEG side-chain microgels.

Abstract Excessive bleeding and resulting complications are a major cause of death in both trauma and surgical settings. Recently, there have been a number of investigations into the design of synthetic hemostatic agents with platelet-mimicking activity to effectively treat patients suffering from severe hemorrhage. We developed platelet-like particles from microgels composed of polymers carrying polyethylene glycol (PEG) side-chains and fibrin-targeting single domain variable fragment antibodies (PEG-PLPs). Comparable to natural platelets, PEG-PLPs were found to enhance the fibrin network formation in vitro through strong adhesion to the emerging fibrin clot and physical, non-covalent cross-linking of nascent fibrin fibers. Furthermore, the mechanical reinforcement of the fibrin mesh through the incorporation of particles into the network leads to a ∼three-fold decrease of the overall clot permeability as compared to control clots. However, transport of biomolecules through the fibrin clots, such as peptides and larger proteins is not hindered by the presence of PEG-PLPs and the altered microstructure. Compared to control clots with an elastic modulus of 460+/−260 Pa, PEG-PLP-reinforced fibrin clots exhibit higher degrees of stiffness as demonstrated by the significantly increased average Younǵs modulus of 1770 +/±720 Pa, as measured by AFM force spectroscopy. Furthermore, in vitro degradation studies with plasmin demonstrate that fibrin clots formed in presence of PEG-PLPs withstand hydrolysis for 24 h, indicating enhanced stabilization against exogenous fibrinolysis. The entire set of data suggests that the designed platelet-like particles have high potential for use as hemostatic agents in emergency medicine and surgical settings.
Considerations on the use of radioisotopes in human nutrition research

Tracer methodology using radioisotopes in human nutrition and metabolism research has been very productive but its use has been the object of unjustified limitations because of modeling decisions without adequate consideration of new data. These limitations have encumbered research studies in the metabolism of micro- and macronutrients particularly where nutritional deficiencies are prevalent. Even though stable isotope methodologies in human research are very useful in specific applications they are expensive and are often fraught with serious pitfalls, when compared to studies for the same purposes using radioisotopes. We have been developing safe radioisotopic methods to study the absorption and metabolism of micronutrients, especially iron and zinc, that can be applied to populations in the developing world. These and other applications of radioisotopes should allow scientists to conduct research diminishing the dependence on stable isotopes and on facilities and laboratories existing only in selected sites in the industrial world, and thus should enhance productive local and collaborative research. All radioisotopic research must be subjected to strict safety criteria, based on scientific evidence of risk, but should not be hampered by exaggerated fears of unfounded risk. Examples on the use of radio and stable isotopes to study iron and zinc absorptions are given including the radiation exposure and risk calculations.
National trends in opioid-related hospitalizations among patients with cancer.

199Background: Cancer patients are routinely prescribed opioids for cancer-related pain. With recent attention to the opioid epidemic, we sought to identify risk factors and to describe the inciden...
What leisure? Surfeminism in an era of Trump

Powerful new feminisms are challenging the rise of the Global Right through mass mobilization, demands for accountability, and innovative opposition, such as #MeToo, the Global Women’s Marches, and #Feminism4the99. The international forum Signs: A Journal of Women and Culture has urged feminist scholars to meet the moment by bridging academic and larger feminist publics and attending to creative, new feminist movements. This paper showcases one such example, surfeminism, a theory and action project working between publics of academia and global surfing. Surfeminism is a worldwide network connecting people, ideas, particular coastal geographies, online and real-time communities and microeconomies in surf industry, with activisms focused on protests of sexism in surf media, access to ocean spaces, environmental health, and women’s racial, economic, and reproductive justice. The paper lays out surfeminist publics through discussion of the Institute for Women Surfers (IWS), a public humanities project in grassroots political education emphasizing relationships, cross-geography alliances, and critical thought. One of the more important and complex claims of surfeminism is for women and girls’ leisure as a feminist political need. A discussion of leisure and its relation to authoritarianisms, as well as ideologies of so-called postfeminism closes the paper.
Reduction in Cardiac Arrhythmias Within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program in Colorectal Surgery

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal perioperative care pathway designed to achieve early recovery by preserving preoperative organ function and minimizing the stress response following surgery. Few studies have assessed the association between ERAS and postoperative cardiac complications. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of ERAS on postoperative cardiac complications. A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of colorectal patients who underwent surgery at a tertiary colorectal cancer referral center was carried out. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors including demographics, comorbidities, medications, and fluid administration were recorded. The primary outcome was postoperative cardiac arrhythmia, and secondary outcomes included other postoperative complications. A total of 800 patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery were identified. Four hundred seventeen patients (52%) were in the control group and 383 patients (48%) were in the ERAS group. Patients in both groups were similar with regard to demographics and clinical characteristics. There were significantly higher rates of cardiac arrhythmia in the control group (5.3%) compared with the ERAS group (1.8%), p = 0.009. Multivariable analysis revealed that ERAS was an independent predictor of decreased postoperative cardiac arrhythmia (OR 0.30, 95%CI 0.17–0.55, p < 0.001) while older age was an independent predictor of increased postoperative cardiac arrhythmia (OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.02–1.13, p = 0.008). Patients receiving lower amounts of intravenous fluids had significantly decreased postoperative cardiac arrhythmia (OR = 0.25, 95%CI 0.09–0.67, p = 0.006). ERAS and goal-directed fluid therapy are associated with significant reductions in postoperative cardiac arrhythmias.
Quantifying the Similarity between Different Project Types Based on Their Pay Item Compositions: Application to Bundling

AbstractSimilarity between project types is an important consideration in several contexts of construction management, including contract development, contractor selection, and project bundling. Pr...
Development and initial validation of the alcohol-induced blackout measure

Abstract Background Blackouts are common among young adults and predict alcohol-related harm. However, existing measures do not capture the range of alcohol-induced memory impairment involved in blackout experiences and do not differentiate between fragmentary and en bloc blackouts. This study aimed to develop and validate a brief, reliable measure of alcohol-induced blackouts among young adults. Methods College students reporting alcohol-induced memory impairment in the past year were recruited via Qualtrics to participate in an online survey (N = 350, 56% female). A subsample (n = 109, 67% female) completed a one-month follow-up. Principal component analysis was used to determine the structure of the Alcohol-Induced Blackout Measure (ABOM), which was designed to reflect two components (fragmentary and en bloc blackouts). The reliability and validity of the total ABOM score was assessed. Results The final five items fit in a two-component scale structure; however, a single principal component accounted for 73% of variance in blackout items, all of which demonstrated high component loadings and communalities. The total blackout score demonstrated strong internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and convergent and incremental validity. ABOM scores predicted alcohol-related consequences at baseline and one-month follow-up. Conclusions The ABOM is a brief and reliable, self-report measure that quantifies the frequency of a range of blackout experiences in the past 30 days. Accounting for this range of experiences improved predictive validity over single-item blackout measures. Blackout frequency is a strong, unique predictor of alcohol-related problems.