cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Identification and Characterization of the Chlamydia trachomatis L2 S-Adenosylmethionine Transporter

Methylation is essential to the physiology of all cells, including the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia. Never- theless, the methylation cycle is under strong reductive evolutionary pressure in Chlamydia. Only Parachlamydia acanthamoe- bae and Waddlia chondrophila genome sequences harbor homologs to metK, encoding the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) syn- thetase required for synthesis of SAM, and to sahH, which encodes theS-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase required for detoxification of SAH formed after the transfer of the methyl group from SAM to the methylation substrate. Transformation of a conditional-lethal metK mutant of Escherichia coli with a genomic library of Chlamydia trachomatis L2 identified CTL843 as a putative SAM transporter based on its ability to allow the mutant to survive metKdeficiency only in the presence of extracellular SAM. CTL843 belongs to the drug/metabolite superfamily of transporters and allowed E. coli to transport S-adenosyl-L-(methyl- 14 C)methionine with an apparentKmof 5.9M and aVmaxof 32 pmol min 1 mg 1 . Moreover, CTL843 conferred a growth ad- vantage to a pfs E. coli mutant that lost the ability to detoxify SAH, while competition and back-transport experiments further implied that SAH was an additional substrate for CTL843. We propose that CTL843 acts as a SAM/SAH transporter (SAMHT) serving a dual function by allowing Chlamydia to acquire SAM from the host cell and excrete the toxic by-product SAH. The demonstration of a functional SAMHT provides further insight into the reductive evolution associated with the obligate intra- cellular lifestyle ofChlamydia and identifies an excellent chemotherapeutic target. IMPORTANCE Obligate intracellular parasites like Chlamydia have followed a reductive evolutionary path that has made them almost totally dependent on their host cell for nutrients. In this work, we identify a unique transporter of a metabolite essential for all methylation reactions that potentially bypasses the need for two enzymatic reactions in Chlamydia. The transporter, CTL843, allows Chlamydia trachomatis L2 to steal S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from the eukaryotic host cytosol and to likely remove the toxic S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) formed when SAM loses its methyl group, acting as a SAM/SAH transporter (SAMHT). In addition to reflecting the adaptation of Chlamydia to an obligate intracellular lifestyle, the specific and central roles of SAMHT inChlamydia metabolism provide a target for the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of chla- mydial infections.
The Influence of Viscosity Ratio on Mixing Effectiveness in a Two‐fluid Laminar Motionless Mixer

Static mixers, also known as motionless or in-line mixers, constitute a low-cost option for mixing in the chemical process industry. Static mixers offer attractive features such as closed-loop operation and no moving parts, in contrast to continuously-stirred tank reactors (for example, Streiff and Rogers, 1994). The static mixer is a collection of blades which fits inside a pipe carrying the fluids to be blended. The two liquids to be mixed (typically a polymer melt and an additive) are forced through the mixer under high pressure, and they are cut and folded repeatedly as they negotiate the bends and openings within the mixer. The scale of segregation between the liquids is greatly reduced by this process such that eventually diffusion can complete the mixing process. The reduction in the scale of segregation is dependent on the liquid properties and the number and type of mixing elements. Our goal at present has been to investigate the effectiveness of static mixing in an SMX mixer between two miscible liquid streams as a function of viscosity ratio (m) and Reynolds number (Re) in the laminar flow regime. The current study concerns the mixing of viscous fluids in the SMX geometry motionless mixer (Figure 1). The SMX is a common industrial mixer with many advantages. Numerical simulations for six common static mixer types indicate the superior overall performance of the SMX mixer (Rauline et al., 1998) and the greater efficiency of the SMX as compared
A through-wafer interconnect in silicon for RFICs

In order to minimize ground inductance in RFICs, we have developed a high-aspect ratio, through-wafer interconnect (or substrate via) in silicon that features a silicon nitride barrier liner and completely filled Cu core. We have fabricated vias with a nominal aspect ratio of 30 and verified the integrity of the insulating liner in vias with an aspect ratio of eight. The inductance of vias with nominal aspect ratios between three and 30 approach the theoretically expected values. This interconnect technology was exploited in a novel Faraday cage structure for substrate crosstalk suppression in system-on-chip applications. The isolation structure consists of a ring of grounded vias that surrounds sensitive or noisy portions of a chip. This Faraday cage structure has shown noise suppression of 30 dB at 10 GHz and 16 dB at 50 GHz at a distance of 100 /spl mu/m when compared to the reference structure.
Catalyst performance of novel Pt/Mg(Ga)(Al)O catalysts for alkane dehydrogenation

The dehydrogenation of ethane and propane using a Pt catalyst supported on a novel Mg(Ga)(Al)O mixed oxide support was investigated. Catalyst performance is strongly dependent on Ga content in the support, a peak in activity for both ethane and propane dehydrogenation occurs at Ga/Pt = 1.4–5.4, and selectivity is a monotonic function of Ga/Pt, reaching nearly 100% at Ga/Pt = 5.4. The addition of hydrogen to the feed resulted in a peak in activity with respect to H2/alkane. The increase in dehydrogenation rate with H2 addition is attributed to H-atom-assisted dehydrogenation of alkyl species formed upon dissociative adsorption of the reactant alkane. Beyond the peak in activity with H2 addition, a further increase in H2 feed concentration contribute to alkene hydrogenation, thereby reducing the net rate of dehydrogenation. Hydrogen addition to the feed, however, had relatively little effect on alkene selectivity, which remained near 100%. The presence of Ga also suppressed coke formation. Interestingly, less coke was formed during propane dehydrogenation than ethane dehydrogenation, and no correlation was found between coke formation and catalyst deactivation. Thus, the extent of deactivation was lower for ethane than propane dehydrogenation, whereas the amount of coke deposited was higher in the former case. Since the amount of carbon deposited as coke is higher than the amount of exposed Pt, it is concluded that most of the coke resides on the support, and that only a small amount resides on the Pt particles. The higher level of deactivation seen during propane versus ethane dehydrogenation is attributed to a higher coverage of Pt by coke precursors derived from propane than ethane.
Subjective experiment and modeling of whole frame packet loss visibility for H.264

Whole frame losses are introduced in H.264 compressed videos which are then decoded by two different decoders with different common concealment effects. The videos are seen by human observers who respond to each glitch they spot. We found that about 38% of whole frame losses of B frames are not observed by any of the subjects, and well over 58% of the B frame losses are observed by 20% or fewer of the subjects. Using simple predictive features which can be calculated inside a network node with no access to the original video and no pixel level reconstruction of the frame, we developed a model which can predict the visibility of whole frame losses in B frames. This model could be useful for designing an intelligent frame dropping approach for use at a router during congestion.
Dispute Resolution in the Oil and Gas Industries

Most commercial contracts are completed without problem. But when difficulties arise, the contractual provisions for dispute resolution become important. How is the dispute to be resolved? And where? This article looks at some of the types of disputes which can arise in the oil and gas industries and the methods of dispute resolution in use, including litigation in the national courts, ADR and expert determination. The article concludes with short case studies illustrating the types of dispute listed and some of the dispute resolution processes considered.
Molecular cloning and analysis of the scon-2 negative regulatory gene of neurospora crassa

The sulfur regulatory system of Neurospora crassa is composed of a group of highly regulated structural genes (e.g., the gene encoding arylsulfatase) that are under coordinate control of scon+ (sulfur controller) negative and cys-3+ positive regulatory genes. In scon-1 (previously designated sconC) and scon-2 mutants, there is constitutive expression of sulfur structural genes regardless of the sulfur level available to the cells. The scon-2+ gene was cloned by sib selection screening of a cosmid-based gene library. The screening was based on the use of chromate, a toxic sulfate analog, which is transported into scon-2 cells grown on high sulfur but is not transported into cells that have regained normal sulfur regulation. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to confirm that the cloned segment mapped to the proper chromosomal location. In wild-type cells, Northern (RNA) blot analysis showed that a 2.6-kilobase scon-2+ transcript was present at a substantial level only under sulfur-derepressing conditions. Kinetic analysis showed that scon-2+ mRNA content increased as the cells became sulfur starved. Further, scon-2+ RNA was detectable in a nuclear transcription assay only under derepressing conditions. In scon-1, the levels of scon-2+ mRNA were found to be constitutive. In the cys-3 regulatory mutant, there was a reduced level of scon-2+ transcript. cys-3+ and ars-1+ mRNAs were present under both derepressing and repressing conditions in the scon-2 mutant. Repeat-induced point mutation-generated scon-2 mutants were identical in phenotype to the known mutant.
The early years, 1939–1953: Garfinkel at North Carolina, Harvard and Princeton

The years 1939–1953 were important both for the development of Garfinkel’s ideas and for the discipline of sociology more generally. But very little is known about Garfinkel’s work during this period of rapid disciplinary change – or of his close relationship then with many intellectual leaders in sociology, psychology, philosophy and economics. Filling in details of his work during this period promises to improve the understanding of his important contribution.
Forever Young: A Health Promotion Focus on Sexuality and Aging

Sexuality is one of the least understood aspects of aging, and society often seems to imply that sexuality does not have a place in the lives of older people. This article provides an overview of sexuality and aging, including myths and common physical, emotional, and social concerns. It offers suggestions as to how health-care professionals can take a prevention, or health promotion, focus that emphasizes education toward maintaining quality of life for this growing population group, and as a result, help them optimize their sexual quality of life to the fullest extent during the “golden years” of their lives.
COMPLEMENTARY PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF RENAL FUNCTION AND CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE IN PATIENTS WITHOUT KNOWN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: UP TO 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

Long-term prognostic value of renal function and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in symptomatic patients without known coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. Renal function and CACS was assessed in patients without known CAD who presented with chest pain to our emergency room. Chronic
Leukotriene E4 elicits respiratory epithelial cell mucin release through the G-protein–coupled receptor, GPR99

Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs), leukotriene C4 (LTC4), LTD4, and LTE4 are proinflammatory lipid mediators with pathobiologic function in asthma. LTE4, the stable cysLT, is a weak agonist for the type 1 and type 2 cysLT receptors (CysLTRs), which constrict airway smooth muscle, but elicits airflow obstruction and pulmonary inflammation in patients with asthma. We recently identified GPR99 as a high-affinity receptor for LTE4 that mediates cutaneous vascular permeability. Here we demonstrate that a single intranasal exposure to extract from the respiratory pathogen Alternaria alternata elicits profound epithelial cell (EpC) mucin release and submucosal swelling in the nasal mucosa of mice that depends on cysLTs, as it is absent in mice deficient in the terminal enzyme for cysLT biosynthesis, LTC4 synthase (LTC4S). These mucosal changes are associated with mast cell (MC) activation and absent in MC-deficient mice, suggesting a role for MCs in control of EpC function. Of the three CysLTRs, only GPR99-deficient mice are fully protected from EpC mucin release and swelling elicited by Alternaria or by intranasal LTE4 GPR99 expression is detected on lung and nasal EpCs, which release mucin to doses of LTE4 one log lower than that required to elicit submucosal swelling. Finally, mice deficient in MCs, LTC4S, or GPR99 have reduced baseline numbers of goblet cells, indicating an additional function in regulating EpC homeostasis. These results demonstrate a novel role for GPR99 among CysLTRs in control of respiratory EpC function and suggest that inhibition of LTE4 and of GPR99 may have therapeutic benefits in asthma.
Ambulatory surgery. Care of the special needs patient

This article discusses common pre-existing medical conditions seen in ambulatory surgical patients. Defining characteristics of the diseases are provided, etiology and treatment are described, and implications for perioperative nursing care are explained.
Longitudinal fistula of the colon in diverticulitis.

A case is described of diverticulitis with a longitudinal fistula of the sigmoid colon longer than 10 cm. When paracolonic fistula are longer than 10 cm in length they cannot be considered pathognomonic of granulomatous colitis. Distinction from the fistulae due to granulomatous colitis can be made on the basis of other radiological features and the findings on colonoscopy.
On Acquiring a Worldview

One day I found myself in the library searching back and forth between the QP and R sections for the P books. Finally, in desperation, I asked the two student librarians: ‘Where have you put “P”?’ ‘Try the floor below!’ they replied. To their great amusement, I wandered off, repeating the alphabet to myself. Until we become senile (or have a temporary lapse of memory), the alphabet and simple arithmetic are part of our mental furniture that we automatically use to make sense of the world. Everyone shares these mental images, and we communicate on that assumption. It is ridiculous, laughable, not to know them. Yet in Moscow, my problem would not have arisen; the Cyrillic alphabet contains no ‘que’ to confuse with ‘pje’(π). In China, there is no alphabet at all. Characters in Chinese dictionaries are listed under the 200 or so different sound symbols they contain, followed by the number of brush strokes needed to write the character.1
Efficient near-field inductive wireless power transfer for miniature implanted devices using strongly coupled magnetic resonance at 5.8 GHz

In this paper, an efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) design using near-field inductive 4-coil strongly-coupled-magnetic-resonance (SCMR) for powering up miniature biosensors at the ISM band of 5.8 GHz is proposed and analyzed. The miniature device has a tiny square planar inductor of size 110 × 110 µm as a receiver (RX) coil integrated on a standard silicon substrate. Another planar coil of 3 mm in diameter is designed on a FR4 substrate as the transmitting (TX) coil, which is fixed at 1 mm away from the RX coil in this study. The corresponding 4-coil SCMR system has the same TX and RX coils but with two relay coils between them, where the closest distance from the relay coil to the RX coil is also fixed at 1 mm. Analytic equations are used to describe the design for both scenarios, and 3-Dimensional (3-D) S-parameter and B-Field electromagnetic (EM) simulations show that the optimized 4-coil system consistently outperforms the optimized 2-coil WPT system by ∼6–7 dB, reaching an impressive inductive power coupling of ∼ −20.2 dB (i.e., ∼ 1% power transfer efficiency) unto the tiny RX coil for potentially powering up novel implantable and other miniature devices without bulky batteries.
Zero field relaxation measurements in magnetic recording media

Thermal relaxation of the magnetization is a critical issue in ultra-high density recording media. The thermal stability is typically characterized by measuring the time dependence of the coercivity or by measuring the magnetization decay as a function of the reverse field after saturation. The relaxation is usually given in terms of a magnetic viscosity coefficient. The viscosity is usually greatest near the coercivity, and for large thermal stability factors, it is usually very small in zero applied field. We have recently reported zero field relaxation (ZFR) measurements in a variety of films, including longitudinal media, perpendicular media, and particulate films The measurements were made in zero field as a function of the initial remanent magnetization obtained after applying a saturation-reverse-zero field sequence.
Coupled graph tensor factorization

Factorization of a single matrix or tensor has been used widely to reveal interpretable factors or predict missing data. However, in many cases side information may be available, such as social network activities and user demographic data together with Netflix data. In these situations, coupled matrix tensor factorization (CMTF) can be employed to account for additional sources of information. When the side information comes in the form of item-correlation matrices of certain modes, existing CMTF algorithms do not apply. Instead, a novel approach to model the correlation matrices is proposed here, using symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization. The multiple sources of information are fused by fitting outer-product models for the tensor and the correlation matrices in a coupled manner. The proposed model has the potential to overcome practical challenges, such as missing slabs from the tensor and/or missing rows/columns from the correlation matrices.
The Monkey is Amused to Death : Roger Waters’ Masterpiece and its Commercial Failure

Despite the compelling concept, music, and the scope of Roger Waters’ 1992 solo album Amused to Death, the critics and the public received it negatively. In fact, Waters’ polemical approach to the cultural and social consequences of the technological developments demonstrated a poor commercial performance, compared with Pink Floyd’s projects such as Dark Side of the Moon, or The Wall. Disputing the opinions of the pundits and the fans, in this paper I argue that the foremost reason for the negative reception of Amused to Death was Waters’ unprecedented socio-political criticism of the mass media and warfare, where he articulates that the broadcasting of war has become a form of entertainment in the television news. Following his path in writing Pink Floyd’s seminal concept albums, in Amused to Death Waters declares his harshest and gloomiest pacifistic and socialistic messages, which have evoked the adverse reactions to it. He not only denounces the superficial entertainment industry, but also tears apart the idea of war. Exploring Waters’ conceptual, lyrical, and compositional genius, as well as album’s Grammy-winning mix and sound-effects, I assert that Amused to Death stands out as Waters’ highest achievement both in the musical content and its extra-musical manifesto.
Population health in an era of rising income inequality: USA, 1980-2015

Summary Income inequality in the USA has increased over the past four decades. Socioeconomic gaps in survival have also increased. Life expectancy has risen among middle-income and high-income Americans whereas it has stagnated among poor Americans and even declined in some demographic groups. Although the increase in income inequality since 1980 has been driven largely by soaring top incomes, the widening of survival inequalities has occurred lower in the distribution—ie, between the poor and upper-middle class. Growing survival gaps across income percentiles since 2001 reflect falling real incomes among poor Americans as well as an increasingly strong association between low income and poor health. Changes in individual risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and substance abuse play a part but do not fully explain the steeper gradient. Distal factors correlated with rising inequality including unequal access to technological innovations, increased geographical segregation by income, reduced economic mobility, mass incarceration, and increased exposure to the costs of medical care might have reduced access to salutary determinants of health among low-income Americans. Having missed out on decades of income growth and longevity gains, low-income Americans are increasingly left behind. Without interventions to decouple income and health, or to reduce inequalities in income, we might see the emergence of a 21st century health-poverty trap and the further widening and hardening of socioeconomic inequalities in health.
Modeling of a Back-Gated Monolayer MoS 2 FET by Extraction of an Accurate Threshold Voltage and Gate-Bias-Dependent Source/Drain Resistance

Fabrication and characterization of MOSFETs having monolayer channels comprised of the transition metal dichalcogenide molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are active areas of research. In this paper, we show that a simple and traditional MOSFET model, when including an accurate threshold voltage and gate-bias-dependent source/drain resistance, achieves a good visual fit to our measured data, in the linear regime, for a back-gated monolayer MoS2 FET. A four-point probe measurement technique is utilized to extract the accurate threshold voltage and gate-bias-dependent source/drain resistance implemented in the model.
Microhabitat use in the amblypygid Paraphrynus laevifrons

Amblypygids (Order: Amblypygi) can be found across different habitat types, each with very different microhabitat structure, including rainforests, deserts, and caves in the tropics and subtropics. Most prior studies on amblypygid microhabitat use have focused on characteristics of trees and their relationship with amblypygid abundance, though many species regularly occupy refuges away from trees. Here we explore microhabitat use in the amblypygid Paraphrynus laevifrons Pocock, 1894 through mark-recapture surveys conducted along creeks and trails in a secondary forest in southeastern Costa Rica. We identified (1) microhabitat characteristics associated with abundance of P. laevifrons and (2) resighting ratio—the likelihood of finding individual P. laevifrons over multiple nights, potentially in association with a particular area (a putative territory). We measured four microhabitat characteristics: (i) number of visible refuges, (ii) surface area of vertical substrate, (iii) estimated plant cover of substrate, and (iv) presence/absence of an overhang. We found that the number of P. laevifrons sighted did not differ across wet and dry seasons, but P. laevifrons were sighted in greater numbers in creeks than trails. The abundance of P. laevifrons was positively affected by the presence of overhangs, there was no effect of plant cover, and the positive effect of number of refuges was stronger in trails, where overhangs were less common, than in creeks. Our results support earlier studies showing that amblypygids can be found more abundantly in areas with greater available refuges and potential shelter, suggesting that predation may be a strong source of selection on amblypygid microhabitat use.
Anxiety sensitivity moderates the painful effects of feeling burdensome to others.

AbstractPerceived burdensomeness (PB), the perception of being a burden to others, is associated with pain and physical symptoms. Anxiety sensitivity (AS), the fear of arousal-related sensations, arising from beliefs that the sensations may have adverse personal consequences (physical, cognitive, and social), may increase risk for pain responding, particularly in anxiety-provoking (e.g. socially threatening) contexts. Accordingly, individuals high in AS may have a stronger pain response when experiencing PB than those low in AS. Undergraduate participants (n = 262) completed the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3), and then were randomly assigned to re-live an experience when they were either burdensome to others (burdensome condition) or contributed equally to a group (control condition). Both social and physical self-reported pain were assessed post-manipulation. Those high in AS reported significantly higher pain ratings in the burdensome condition than the control condition; for those low in AS, pain di...
HealthNewsReview.org: Criteria for Excellence in Health and Medical Journalism.

Ten criteria for how the media should report on new health care ideas or new claims for old health care ideas are examined. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.
Utopías libertarias y sueños de igualdad: Mario Vargas Llosa y Flora Tristán

espanolEste articulo analiza la reconstruccion ficcional que Mario Vargas Llosa realiza de Flora Tristan, tomando en cuenta diversas rearticulaciones historico-literarias de los siglos XIX y XX. A diferencia de otras escrituras con respecto a la famosa escritora franco-peruana, la de Vargas Llosa en El paraiso en la otra esquina (2003) articula un mundo posible y coherente desde una perspectiva alternativa y disidente, sin la religiosidad, el fervor nacionalista o la actitud paternalista que hallamos en otros trabajos sobre Flora Tristan, la intelectual que lucho por alcanzar una utopia socialista de igualdad para las mujeres y los obreros oprimidos. Para realizar este analisis de reconstruccion historica, el critico analiza el ensamblaje feminista de Flora Tristan en la novela de Vargas Llosa, a la luz de varios de sus ensayos con respecto al mundo de la ficcion y el poder politico de la literatura. EnglishThis article analyzes Mario Vargas Llosa’s fictional reconstruction of Flora Tristan, taking into account a variety of 19th –and 20th– century historical and literary rearticulations. Unlike other writings on the famous Franco-Peruvian author, Vargas Llosa’s El paraiso en la otra esquina (2003) articulates a possible and coherent world from an alternative and dissident perspective, without the religiosity, nationalist passion, and paternalistic attitude that we find in other works on Flora Tristan, the intellectual who fought for a socialist utopia of equality for women and the oppressed workers. In order to carry out this historical reconstruction, the critic analyzes Flora Tristan’s feminist fabrication in Vargas Llosa’s novel, in view of his own essays in regards to the world of fiction and the political power of literature.
Heterotopic ossification around the knee after tibial nailing and ipsilateral antegrade and retrograde femoral nailing in the treatment of floating knee injuries

Floating knee injuries are relatively uncommon injuries. We report the prevalence, location, and severity of heterotopic ossification (HO) around the knee in patients treated with antegrade tibial intramedullary nailing and ipsilateral antegrade versus retrograde femoral intramedullary nailing as well as how the severity of HO around the knee affects knee range of motion (ROM). From 2004 to 2014, 26 floating knee injuries were included. Radiographs were reviewed to determine presence, location, and severity of HO. Post-operative knee ROM was determined. A significantly higher prevalence of HO around the knee was detected in the retrograde group (90%) compared to the antegrade group (43%) (p = 0.028). There was a trend for more HO into the patellar tendon occurring in 29% of patients in the antegrade group and 74% in the retrograde group (p = 0.069). The severity of HO was higher for the retrograde group 1.6 ± 1.0 compared to the antegrade group 0.4 ± 0.5 (p = 0.004). There was poor correlation between HO severity and knee ROM. Treatment of floating knee injuries with a retrograde femoral nail was demonstrated to result in a greater likelihood of developing HO and a greater severity of HO around the knee than if treated with an antegrade femoral nail. However, this increased severity of HO is unlikely to affect ROM. Level of evidence: III.
Impact of a New York City Supportive Housing Program on Housing Stability and Preventable Health Care among Homeless Families.

Objective To assess the impact of a New York City supportive housing program on housing stability and preventable emergency department (ED) visits/hospitalizations among heads of homeless families with mental and physical health conditions or substance use disorders. Data sources Multiple administrative data from New York City and New York State for 966 heads of families eligible for the program during 2007-12. Study design We captured housing events and health care service utilization during 2 years prior to the first program eligibility date (baseline) and 2 years postbaseline. We performed sequence analysis to measure housing stability and compared housing stability and preventable ED visits and hospitalizations between program participants (treatment group) and eligible applicants not placed in the program (comparison group) via marginal structural modeling. Data collection/extraction methods We matched electronically collected data. Principal findings Eighty-seven percent of supportive housing tenants experienced housing stability in 2 years postbaseline. Compared with unstably housed heads of families in the comparison group, those in the treatment group were 0.60 times as likely to make preventable ED visits postbaseline (95% CI = 0.38, 0.96). Conclusions Supportive housing placement was associated with improved housing stability and reduced preventable health care visits among homeless families.
The Violence Profile: Five Decades of Cultural Indicators Research

This study examines violence in prime-time broadcast network television programs aired between 1967 and 2015. The data show that violence has been a consistent and central part of programming, although levels vary by genre. Violence decreased in the 1990s, due mostly to the greater prominence of sitcoms and crime-related procedurals (such as Law & Order and CSI), which feature fewer explicit acts of violence. However, violence is making a serious comeback on prime time, with four of the five measures we examined reaching historically high levels in the 2010s. The percentage of characters involved in violence remains lower than in earlier years. Despite some ebbs and flows over the years, and dramatic institutional and technological changes, even at its lowest points violence on television is never far from the scene and remains difficult for the heavy viewer to avoid.
Abstract 244: Myocardial Infarction Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice

Objective: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to accelerated atherosclerosis after a myocardial infarction (MI). Approach and Results: Human studies suggest that atherosclerosis is accelerated following MI. Although, this has been recapitulated in apolipoprotein E deficient (apoE -/- ) mice, the mechanisms by which MI-accelerated atherosclerosis have not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that, similar to apoE -/- mice, MI accelerates atherosclerosis in high-fat diet-fed LDLr -/- mice. We fed high-fat diet (21% saturated fat, 0.15% cholesterol) to LDLr -/- mice for 1 week prior to coronary artery ligation (CAL) or sham surgery. After surgery, LDLr -/- mice were maintained on high-fat diet and sacrificed after 3 weeks. Total serum cholesterol (Sham: 1349.0 ± 50.09 and CAL: 1355 ± 20.09, p = 0.19) and triglycerides (Sham: 394.6 ± 32.4 and MI 421.1 ± 6.27, p =0.48) were comparable between sham and CAL mice. Examination of aortic sinus by oil red O-stained cross-sections revealed an increase in atherosclerotic lesion area in LDLr -/- that received an MI (CAL: 78,465 ± 15,239 microm 2 /section and sham 42,697 ± 4757 microm 2 /section, p= 0.03). Additionally, we found a statistically significant increase in the number (sham: 17,943 ± 7762, n=8 and CAL: 58,129 ± 13,444, n=6, p = 0.017) and percentages (sham: 2.2 ± 0.41, n=8, CAL: 5.32 ± 1.105, n=6, p = 0.01) of Ly6G + neutrophil infiltrate in para-aortic lymph nodes in LDLr -/- mice that received MI versus sham surgery. Analysis of cellular composition in atherosclerotic lesions is ongoing. Conclusion: Atherosclerosis is accelerated following an MI in high-fat fed LDLr -/- mice.
City logistics: a review and bibliometric analysis

This paper presents a review and bibliometric analysis of city logistics based on the papers published in the Procedia - Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences for the years 2010 to 2016. Key aspects examined are analysis of network of keywords and paper, network of keywords and Procedia, network of keywords and keywords used in a paper, citation network of authors and collaboration network of authors. These five networks are examined to identify the most cited authors, major collaborators, major keywords used by authors in Procedia for last seven years in the field of city logistics. Citation, collaboration and keyword patterns are found based on trends observed in the data. Novel practitioners in the field can use the results of the study to seek the authors for citation and collaboration as well as emerging fields in this area. Exploring these networks indicated how 'city logistics' has evolved over time and identified niche research areas in the field.
High-Tech French Fries

French fries are the most popular cooked food sold in the United States and play an important role in the obesity epidemic there and in other countries as well. Statistics show the average American eats close to 30 pounds of French fries a year—about a half a pound a week. In this chapter, the semiotician Roland Barthes is quoted on the cultural significance of “frites” to French culture and the psychoanalyst and marketing expert Clotaire Rapaille is quoted on how food preferences are imprinted on children as they grow up in a particular country.
Geographical Distributions and Spatial Equilibrium in Historical Epidemics of the United States

This research examines the geographical distributions of several historical epidemics in the United States and investigates whether they reached a geographical equilibrium, however briefly. An equilibrium distribution over a geographical area, as the end state of a diffusion or spatial contagion process, has definitive mathematical properties. These permit qualitative and quantitative tests that may confirm an equilibrium and identify its characteristics. The analysis uses United States state-level data for several common infectious diseases of the 1950s, and results show geographical equilibrium distributions for several epidemics. These are not predicted by the most commonly used epidemiological models but are consistent with observed geographical disparities in disease prevalence that continued over a number of years in spite of recurrent epidemic cycles and long-term trends.
A hierarchy of migratory keratinocytes maintains the tympanic membrane

Although the conductive function of the tympanic membrane (TM) is critical for hearing, it is unknown how the organ maintains cellular homeostasis. Using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing, lineage tracing, whole-organ explant, and live-cell imaging, we demonstrate that the stem cells of the TM epidermis reside in a distinct location at the superior portion of the TM and, as progeny migrate inferiorly, Pdgfra+ fibroblasts maintain a niche supporting proliferation of committed progenitors, while keratinocytes distal from the niche differentiate. Thus, the TM has a three dimensional differentiation hierarchy of keratinocytes distinct from that at other epidermal sites. The TM represents a physiological context where, in the absence of injury, keratinocytes both transit through a proliferative committed progenitor state and exhibit directional lateral migration. This work forms a foundation for understanding common disorders of the TM and introduces a new model system for the understanding of keratinocyte biology.
Effective Provision of Educational Services to Latino-American Children With Special Needs and Gifts

This section of Multiple Voices capitalizes on the oral tradition common to many cultures. In this tradition, history and cultural values are transmitted from one generation to another by word of mouth. In some cultures a specific person carries the responsibility of learning and telling the history of people. This is the fourth and final article in this series."In the Oral Tradition" presents interviews with eminent scholars and community leaders in the education of culturally and linguistically diverse exceptional learners. These "elders" of the education community share their perspectives and prognostications on pertinent issues. The "elders" interviewed for this article are two Latina women who are leaders in the field of special education.
Complications of Serious Pediatric Conditions in the Emergency Department: Definitions, Prevalence, and Resource Utilization.

Objectives To define and measure complications across a broad set of acute pediatric conditions in emergency departments using administrative data, and to assess the validity of these definitions by comparing resource utilization between children with and without complications. Study design Using local consensus, we predefined complications for 16 acute conditions including appendicitis, diabetic ketoacidosis, ovarian torsion, stroke, testicular torsion, and 11 others. We studied patients under age 18 years using 3 data years from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Statewide Databases of Maryland and New York. We measured complications by condition. Resource utilization was compared between patients with and without complications, including hospital length of stay, and charges. Results We analyzed 27 087 emergency department visits for a serious condition. The most common was appendicitis (n = 16 794), with 24.3% of cases complicated by 1 or more of perforation (24.1%), abscess drainage (2.8%), bowel resection (0.3%), or sepsis (0.9%). Sepsis had the highest mortality (5.0%). Children with complications had higher resource utilization: condition-specific length of stay was longer when complications were present, except ovarian and testicular torsion. Hospital charges were higher among children with complications (P Conclusions Clinically meaningful complications were measurable and were associated with increased resource utilization. Complication rates determined using administrative data may be used to compare outcomes and improve healthcare delivery for children.
Sexual and gender minority intimate partner violence and childhood violence exposure

Limited research on female-assigned-at-birth sexual and gender minorities (FAB SGM) suggests that their risk of psychological, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration may be linked to childhood violence exposure (CVE), such as experiencing child abuse, or witnessing sibling or interparental abuse. That said, there is a dearth of research in this population examining whether there is typically a violence type match between CVE and IPV (e.g., physical CVE predicting physical IPV), a gender match between those involved in CVE and later IPV (e.g., witnessing the abuse of female parents predicting IPV among women), or an increase in IPV risk commensurate with the number of different CVE types experienced. Addressing these gaps, this article draws on the baseline survey data of FAB400, a merged cohort accelerated longitudinal study of 488 FAB SGM adolescents and young adults. Analyses focused on the subsample of 457 participants with prior intimate relationship experience. Findings revealed that each assessed form of CVE-parental verbal abuse victimization, parental physical maltreatment victimization, childhood sexual abuse victimization, witnessing sibling abuse, and witnessing interparental violence-predicted risk of IPV perpetration and victimization, without evidence of violence type match. Witnessing interparental violence was associated with IPV irrespective of the abused parent's gender. In addition, exposure to a greater number of forms of CVE was associated with an increased risk of all types of IPV victimization and perpetration. Results offer preliminary evidence that the intergenerational transmission of violence is an applicable framework for FAB SGM, and as such this should be considered when screening and intervening for childhood, family, and partner violence in this population. Suggestions for future directions are discussed.
Coping with diabetes stress among adults in rural Dominican Republic: "I don't think about it".

ObjectivesAs type 2 diabetes prevalence increases across Latin America, understanding local approaches to coping with diabetes stress is essential to providing care that incorporates patients’ valu...
Anomalous Termination of Coronary Arteries

Coronary artery fistulas are anomalies of termination of the coronary arteries. Coronary artery fistulas are defined by a direct precapillary connection between a branch of a coronary artery and the lumen of a chamber of the heart or great vessel, typically pulmonary artery or inferior vena cava (IVC). These fistulas more commonly terminate in a lower pressure chamber of the heart such as the right ventricle or right atrium or a low-pressure great vessel such as the pulmonary artery or IVC. The coronary fistula to the right ventricle is most common (41%) [1] with termination into the right atrium accounting for 26% and pulmonary artery 17% [1].
Seeing without self: Discovering new meaning with psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy

New research in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy merits a reexamination of the neurobiology and phenomenology of psychedelic states. First person accounts of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy ar...
Structural Properties of the Stability of Jamitons

It is known that inhomogeneous second-order macroscopic traffic models can reproduce the phantom traffic jam phenomenon: whenever the sub-characteristic condition is violated, uniform traffic flow is unstable, and small perturbations grow into nonlinear traveling waves, called jamitons. In contrast, what is essentially unstudied is the question: which jamiton solutions are dynamically stable? To understand which stop-and-go traffic waves can arise through the dynamics of the model, this question is critical. This paper first presents a computational study demonstrating which types of jamitons do arise dynamically, and which do not. Then, a procedure is presented that characterizes the stability of jamitons. The study reveals that a critical component of this analysis is the proper treatment of the perturbations to the shocks, and of the neighborhood of the sonic points.
Integrating psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for treatment of major depressive disorder. Current status and future considerations

The treatment of depression with psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is one of the best-studied areas, yet much controversy exists about the relative merits of these treatments, singly and in combination. The author suggests that a combination of these therapies is not routinely indicated for uncomplicated major depressive disorder and provides some examples in which combined therapy can have a profound and cost-effective impact.
Feasibility of Attachment-Focused Self-Hypnosis to Change Insecure God Attachment

Secure God attachment is related to less psychological distress and greater well-being, while insecure God attachment is associated with higher levels of psychological distress and various forms of...
Dinner in the Desert Kitchen: Reflections on Experiential Learning Through Food, Art, and Social Practice

Socially engaged art (SEA) is inherently experiential in nature, and the realm of art as social practice has a history of using food as a means to achieve both social connection and critical commentary. For this reason, my collaborators, community partners and I have chosen food as a catalyst to enact learning around topics ranging from race and social equity to immigration and sustainability. Since the 2014 formation of Desert Kitchen Collective, a loose collection of artists, educators, students, and advocates across Dayton, Ohio, my students and I have partnered with local food-related organizations in the creation of artworks that raise awareness of food justice in general and Dayton’s food insecurity in particular. My chapter will detail an annual student-organized, multidisciplinary event that uses project-based and community-based EL to produce Dinner in the Desert Kitchen, an art exhibition, fundraiser, and dinner performance that raises money for local food organizations, including a foodbank and a member-owned grocery cooperative in a food desert. I will briefly situate the project within current SEA theory and criticism while also discussing our particular transdisciplinary and pedagogical approaches. I will address key challenges and successes within and beyond the classroom, which include establishing collaborations across academic disciplines, managing course assessment, and sustaining equitable partnerships with individuals and organizations outside the university.
Distinguishing the Effect on the Rate and Yield of Aβ42 Aggregation by Green Tea Polyphenol EGCG

Deposition of Aβ42 aggregates in the form of amyloid plaques is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. A desired avenue of intervention is the inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main polyphenol in green tea, has been generally considered an inhibitor of Aβ aggregation. However, previous experiments focused on the reduction of the amount of Aβ42 aggregates, while the effect of EGCG on the rate of Aβ42 aggregation was not critically analyzed. Here we performed an experimental evaluation of Aβ42 aggregation kinetics in the absence and presence of EGCG at a wide range of concentrations. We found that EGCG reduced thioflavin T fluorescence in an EGCG concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that EGCG reduced the amount of Aβ42 fibrils. The effect of EGCG on the rate of Aβ42 aggregation appears to be bimodal. We found that higher EGCG-to-Aβ42 ratios promoted the rate of Aβ42 aggregation, while lower EGCG-to-Aβ42 ratios inhibited the aggregation rate. To confirm that the reduction of thioflavin T fluorescence is due to the lowered aggregate quantity, but not due to perturbation of thioflavin T binding to Aβ42 fibrils, we probed the effect of EGCG on Aβ42 aggregation using site-directed spin labeling. Electron paramagnetic resonance of spin-labeled Aβ42 aggregates suggests that high EGCG-to-Aβ42 ratios led to a greatly reduced amount of Aβ42 fibrils, and these aggregates adopt similar structures as the fibrils in the no-EGCG sample. Potential implications of this work in designing prevention or therapeutic strategies using EGCG are discussed.
EXISTENCE AND COMPACTNESS THEORY FOR ALE SCALAR-FLAT KÄHLER SURFACES

Our main result in this article is a compactness result which states that a noncollapsed sequence of asymptotically locally Euclidean (ALE) scalar-flat Kahler metrics on a minimal Kahler surface whose Kahler classes stay in a compact subset of the interior of the Kahler cone must have a convergent subsequence. As an application, we prove the existence of global moduli spaces of scalar-flat Kahler ALE metrics for several infinite families of Kahler ALE spaces.
Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) and its Role in Liver Pathobiology.

Integrin linked kinase (ILK) is a vital signaling protein ubiquitously expressed throughout the body. It binds to intracellular integrins to help promote signaling related to cell adhesion, apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and a plethora of other common cellular functions. In this review, ILK’s role in the liver is detailed. Studies have shown ILK to be a major participant in hepatic ECM organization, liver regeneration, insulin resistance, and hepatocellular carcinoma.