cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Decay of Ni 56

The radioactive decay of Ni/sup 56/ to Co/sup 56/ (half life, 6.10 450 deg C in a 0.02) was investigated using scintillation gamma-ray spectrometers, both singly and in coincidence. The seectra revealed gamma rays of 0.164 450 deg C in a 0.003(99.3 450 deg C in a 6.6), 0.272 450 deg C in a 0.004(31.5 450 deg C in a 5.2), 0.484 450 deg C in a 0.004(34.6 450 deg C in a 2.0), 0.755 450 deg C in a 0.003(48.0 450 deg C in a 3.2), 0.820 450 deg C in a 0.003(84.9 450 deg C in a 8.3), 0.982 450 deg C in a 0.010(1.2 450 deg C in a 1), and 1.57 450 deg C in a 0.01(14.1 450 deg C in a 0.9) Mev. The intensities of the gamma rays (number per 100 decays) appear in parentheses. The data were consistent with an upper limit of 1 per 100 decays for the intensity of any positron emission. Coincidence spectra, angularcorrelation measurements, and delayed-coincidence measurements permitted the construction of a decay scheme with energy levels at 0.00(4/sup +/), 0.164(3/sup +/), 0.984(2/sup +/), 1.47(1/ sup -/ 2), and 1.74(1/sup +/) Mev. The level scheme is compared with othermore » recent work concerning the energy levels of Co/sup 56/. (auth)« less
Nitric oxide selectively amplifies FGF-2-induced mitogenesis in primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells

Fibroblast growth factor is present in blood vessels and is thought to play an important role in promoting vascular cell proliferation in vivo. In the current study, we show that three agents that activate the guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) system, including the nitric oxide-generating agents S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1) as well as the stable cGMP analogue 8-bromo-cGMP, increased fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2; basic fibroblast growth factor)-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation by severalfold in primary cultures of rat aortic smooth muscle cells. SNAP increased the efficacy, but not the potency, of FGF-2. The stimulatory effect of SNAP was selective for FGF-2-induced mitogenesis as shown by the lack of a significant effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation induced by several other growth factors. Consistent with thymidine incorporation experiments, SNAP amplified the increase of the cellular DNA content induced by FGF-2 as well as the proliferation of cells. A selective inhibitor of cGMP phosphodiesterases, zaprinast, potentiated the comitogenic effect of SNAP and its ability to increase cGMP levels, supporting the involvement of cGMP as second messenger. Consistent with previous results, and opposite to that found in primary and early subculture, SNAP decreased mitogen-induced [3H]thymidine incorporation in cells in later subculture. Because macrophage- and vascular smooth muscle-derived nitric oxide is likely to be present in relatively large concentrations after vascular injury, we speculate that endogenous nitric oxide may amplify the activity of FGF-2 in vivo.
Introduction: Science in Its Social Setting

Our recent past is strewn with landmarks commemorating recent swift cultural developments: political events like the Cold War, the Hungarian revolt, and Khrushchev’s Speech culturally considered; space probes and walks and travels taken technologically, scientifically, poetically, and politically; truth in packaging and the Suez crisis in British politics and the Watergate crisis; the eruption of black liberation and women’s liberation and the sexual revolution and student revolts, and the New Left enter and exit before you could assess their worth and impact on science, on campus style of life, on international politics and on the new ecological fashions; with, finally, the Viet Nam War and its impact on cultural life in general, on politics, on ideology, on the social sciences and on social philosophy, perhaps even on scientific research.
Historical Points of Organization Change

This paper tracks the development of organizational change and leadership styles. Findings suggest that no single leadership style is best. Successful leadership is correlated with the type of organizational change (i.e., revolutionary vs. evolutionary).
Management of Pregnant Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Consequences of Fetal Programming in Their Offspring

The obesity epidemic has fueled an epidemic of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women of childbearing age. This paper examines the state of the science on preconception and pregnancy management of women with type 2 diabetes to optimize outcomes for the women and their infants. In addition, the consequence of fetal programming as a result of suboptimal maternal glycemic control is discussed. The paper focuses on type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes. Management of women with type 2 diabetes includes preconception counseling, preconception weight management and weight loss, proper weight gain during pregnancy, self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, medication, medical nutrition therapy, and exercise.
Poplar Clonal Preferences of the Cottonwood Leaf Beetle

The relative susceptibilities of 33 poplar clones to Chrysomela Scripta F. were measured in 1977 during a season of heavy infestation of this insect in a clonal orchard at Ames, Iowa. Damage to trees was estimated by using the criteria of shoots no longer usable for cuttings and leaf area lost to beetle feeding. Of the 3 clones showing little or no damage in either category, 2 had Populus alba L. parentage. Other than P. alba , parentage had little influence on beetle preference. Although most clones resumed growth during the season, shoot height growth was reduced as much as 80% in severely defoliated clones.
Automated Three-Piece Digital Dental Articulation

In craniomaxillofacial CMF surgery, a critical step is to reestablish dental occlusion. Digitally establishing new dental occlusion is extremely difficult. It is especially true when the maxilla is segmentalized into 3 pieces, a common procedure in CMF surgery. In this paper, we present a novel midline-guided occlusal optimization MGO approach to automatically and efficiently reestablish dental occlusion for 3-piece maxillary surgery. Our MGO approach consists of 2 main steps. The anterior segment of the maxilla is first aligned to the intact mandible using our ergodic midline-match algorithm. The right and left posterior segments are then aligned to the mandible in sequence using an improved iterative surface-based minimum distance mapping algorithm. Our method has been validated using 15 sets of digital dental models. The results showed our algorithm-generated 3-piece articulation is more efficient and effective than the current standard of care method. The results demonstrated our approach's significant clinical impact and technical contributions.
An Instantaneous Eigenstructure Quasivelocity Formulation for Nonlinear Multibody Dynamics

A novel method is presented to solve the equations of motion for a large class of constrained and unconstrained dynamical systems. Given an analytic expression for the system mass matrix, quasivelocity equations of motion are derived in a manner that generates equations analogous to the dynamics/kinematics partitioning in Eulerian rigid body dynamics. This separation is accomplished by introducing a new quasivelocity vector η which yields a dynamical system with an identity mass matrix. The problem of inverting a complex mass matrix is replaced by the problem of solving two first-order differential equations for the mass matrix eigenfactors. Dynamic constraint equations are incorporated directly into the new η differential equation, forgoing any need to solve the algebraic constraint equations simultaneously with the differential equations of motion.
Economic costs of neoplasms, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes in the United States.

Substantial economic resources are used for treatment of neoplasms, arteriosclerotic diseases, and diabetes (direct costs), and substantial productivity is lost due to morbidity and mortality (indirect costs). Costs of these disease groups in the U.S. in 1993 are estimated from national health expenditures from the Health Care Financing Administration and survey data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Based on primary diagnosis, direct costs are $37 billion for neoplasms, $126 billion for arteriosclerosis, and $15 billion for diabetes, and indirect costs are $70, $83, and $5 billion respectively. Costs would be higher, particularly for diabetes ($92-138 billion), if based on primary and secondary diagnosis.
The Rural Population

A physician establishes a new rural clinic. What kinds of people can be expected to walk in the door? Will patients differ significantly from those seen in an urban area? Will their health problems differ from those seen among urban populations? Will their cultural or economic characteristics significantly affect how they interact with the physician?
Association Between Metabolic Syndrome Components and Polyneuropathy in an Obese Population.

Importance Past studies have shown an association between metabolic syndrome and polyneuropathy, but the precise components that drive this association remain unclear. Objectives To determine the prevalence of polyneuropathy stratified by glycemic status in well-characterized obese and lean participants and investigate the association of specific components of metabolic syndrome with polyneuropathy. Design, Setting, and Participants We performed a cross-sectional, observational study from November 1, 2010, to December 31, 2014, in obese participants (body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared] of 35 or more with no comorbid conditions or 32 or more with at least 1 comorbid condition) from a weight management program and lean controls from a research website. The prevalence of neuropathy, stratified by glycemic status, was determined, and a Mantel–Haenszel χ 2 test was used to investigate for a trend. Logistic regression was used to model the primary outcome of polyneuropathy as a function of the components of metabolic syndrome after adjusting for demographic factors. Participants also completed quantitative sudomotor axon reflex testing, quantitative sensory testing, the neuropathy-specific Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders instrument, and the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Exposures Components of metabolic syndrome (as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III), including glycemic status (as defined by the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus). Main Outcomes and Measures Toronto consensus definition of probable polyneuropathy. Secondary outcomes included intraepidermal nerve fiber density and nerve conduction study parameters. Results We enrolled 102 obese participants (mean [SD] age, 52.9 [10.2] years; 48 men and 54 women; 45 with normoglycemia [44.1%], 31 with prediabetes [30.4%], and 26 with type 2 diabetes [25.5%]) and 53 lean controls (mean [SD] age, 48.5 [9.9] years; 16 men and 37 women). The prevalence of polyneuropathy was 3.8% in lean controls (n = 2), 11.1% in the obese participants with normoglycemia (n = 5), 29% in the obese participants with prediabetes (n = 9), and 34.6% in the obese participants with diabetes (n = 9) ( P Conclusions and Relevance The prevalence of polyneuropathy is high in obese individuals, even those with normoglycemia. Diabetes, prediabetes, and obesity are the likely metabolic drivers of this neuropathy. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT02689661.
A review for clinicians: Prostate cancer and the antineoplastic properties of metformin

Abstract Objectives Metformin has numerous antineoplastic effects including an AMP-activated protein kinase–dependent mechanism, AMP-activated protein kinase–independent mechanisms, alteration of insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways, and suppression of androgen signaling pathways that trigger prostate cancer growth and proliferation. In contrast to other malignancies that are associated with increased incidence among patients with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), epidemiological studies suggest that obesity and T2DM may impart a protective effect on prostate cancer incidence by creating a set of metabolic conditions that lower androgen levels. Methods and materials The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms “prostate cancer,” “metformin,” “antineoplastic,” “antitumorigenic,” and “diabetes” up to the first week of August 2016. Articles regarding metformin’s antineoplastic properties on prostate cancer were reviewed. Results Treating T2DM with metformin may reverse the metabolic conditions that suppress androgen levels, thereby enabling higher levels of androgens to stimulate prostate growth, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Thus, the antineoplastic properties of metformin may not be appreciable in the early stages of prostate cancer development because metformin corrects for the metabolic conditions of T2DM that impart a protective effect on prostate cancer. These findings, although inconclusive, do not support the use of metformin as a preventive agent for prostate cancer. However, the future appears bright for metformin as either a monotherapy or an adjunct to androgen deprivation therapy, external-beam radiation therapy, prostatectomy, or chemotherapy. Support for this includes meta-analyses that suggest a mortality benefit to patients with prostate cancer on metformin, a clinical trial that demonstrates metformin leads to significant improvement in metabolic syndrome parameters for patients with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy, and a clinical trial that shows metformin has modest activity in the treatment of some patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration–resistant prostate cancer. Conclusions This review summarizes the literature regarding the antineoplastic mechanisms, clinical implications, and future trajectory of clinical research for metformin in prostate cancer.
ANALYZING INTELLIGENCE ON WMD ATTACKS USING THREADED EVENT-BASED SIMULATION

Data available for intelligence analysis is often incomplete, ambiguous and voluminous. Also, the data may be unorganized, the details overwhelming, and considerable analysis may be required to uncover adversarial activities. This paper describes a simulation-based approach that helps analysts understand data and use it to predict future events and possible scenarios. In particular, the approach enables intelligence analysts to find, display and understand data relationships by connecting the dots of data to create network of information. The approach also generates alternative storylines, allowing analysts to view other possible outcomes. It facilitates the automation of reasoning and the detection of inconsistent data, which provides more reliable information for analysis. A case study using data from the TV series, 24, demonstrates the feasibility of approach and its application to intelligence analysis of WMD attacks against the critical infrastructure.
Defectivity and Yield Impact From the AMC Inside the FOUP in Advanced Technologies

Historically, much attention has been given to the unit processes and the integration of those unit processes to improve product yield. Less attention has been given to the wafer mini environment, either during processing or post processing. This paper contains a detailed discussion on how particles and airborne molecular contaminants (AMCs) from the wafer mini environment interact and produce undesired effects on the wafer which in turn cause devices to fail. Sources of wafer environmental contamination are the processes themselves, ambient environment, outgassing from wafers, and front open unified pod (FOUP) contamination. Establishing a strategy that reduces contamination inside the FOUP mini environment will decrease defect variability and thus increase yield. In manufacturing ecosystem, changing the FOUP or moving the wafers faster or purging with nitrogen to reduce the impact from mini environment is not always an option. Alternative to having a stop gap, it is desired to understand the AMCs and thus exploring sustainable solutions to minimize them below certain thresholds that would cause impact on wafer. NH3-based contamination, extensively discussed in this paper, is observed to cause wafer defects. Thus, explicit knowledge of AMC type is critical, as the most optimized methodology to control various AMCs might not always be the same. Three primary variables that greatly impact this strategy are FOUP contamination mitigation, FOUP material, FOUP metrology, and cleaning method.
Black performance on the outskirts of the left: a history of the impossible

In a sequence of richly textured performance analyses, Malik Gaines ‘argues for performance as a radical act and pursues the possibility that performances of blackness have been capable, sometimes,...
Fatal attraction: explaining variation in the attractiveness of Islamic State propaganda:

Why do different Islamic State propaganda products receive different numbers of views? This article relies on a dataset of 1700 Islamic State photo essays to examine this question. It finds that vi...
Translating Standardized Effects of Education Programs into More Interpretable Metrics

Evaluators report effects of education initiatives as standardized effect sizes, a scale that has merits but obscures interpretation of the effects’ practical importance. Consequently, educators an...
Monitoring spatial and temporal variation of dissolved oxygen and water temperature in the Savannah River using a sensor network.

Dissolved oxygen is a critical component of river water quality. This study investigated average weekly dissolved oxygen (AWDO) and average weekly water temperature (AWT) in the Savannah River during 2015 and 2016 using data from the Intelligent River® sensor network. Weekly data and seasonal summary statistics revealed distinct seasonal patterns that impact both AWDO and AWT regardless of location along the river. Within seasons, spatial patterns of AWDO and AWT along the river are also evident. Linear mixed effects models indicate that AWT and low and high river flow conditions had a significant impact on AWDO, but added little predictive information to the models. Low and high river flow conditions had a significant impact on AWT, but also added little predictive information to the models. Spatial linear mixed effects models yielded parameter estimates that were effectively the same as non-spatial linear mixed effects models. However, components of variance from spatial linear mixed effects models indicate that 23–32% of the total variance in AWDO and that 12–18% of total variance in AWT can be apportioned to the effect of spatial covariance. These results indicate that location, week, and flow-directional spatial relationships are critically important considerations for investigating relationships between space- and time-varying water quality metrics.
Simulated annealing in protein folding

Proteins are the fundamental molecules of living cells. They are roughly linear chains of subunits called amino acids. There are 20 biologically interesting amino acids, and thus a protein molecule can be thought of as a word constituted from 20-letter alphabet. In a living cell there are different types of proteins, performing different tasks. Proteins are created by a genetic code determined by the DNA of the cell. The DNA molecules are located in the cell nucleus. A messenger RNA carries the code for a particular type of proteins from the nuclear DNA, and it acts as a template for the formation of that protein, assembling (by catalytic reactions) the protein chain from amino acids in the cell. Each amino acid in the protein chain is associated to a triple of DNA base pair. The linear chain of a protein is called the primary structure. These chains actually fold into complicated 3-dimensional structures called secondary and tertiary structures. The folded structure is highly sensitive to the particular amino acids present; it invariably holds the key to the biological functions of the protein.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Patterns of Molecular Differentiation during Oogenesis, Embryogenesis, and Organogenesis in Mammals

Two central goals for investigations of modem developmental biology are (1) an understanding of the mechanisms by which genomic information is selectively retrieved, processed, and expressed as the structural proteins and enzymes that ultimately define cell phenotype and function and (2) a characterization of the events controlling normal and abnormal differentiation. Studies of translational patterns during early embryogenesis have been particularly useful in this respect because they have provided not only “stage-related” molecular markers associated with cellular development and differentiation but also have suggested insights into mechanisms by which genomic information may be retrieved and selectively expressed during embryogenesis.
The Medical Library Association Consumer Health Reference Service Handbook.

Librarians are confronting new challenges in providing consumer health information because of dramatic changes in the health care field, widespread use of Internet, and wide variation in the quality of Web resources. The Barclay-Halsted book is designed to meet those challenges and serve as a primer for librarians and others who help the general public locate consumer health information. The book is divided into three sections, with the first part, titled “Consumer Health Essentials for Librarians,” addressing fundamentals of health care information. The section includes a chapter on basic terminology, a chapter with brief descriptions of the major health conditions of concern to the public, and a chapter exploring complementary and alternative medicine. This section is particularly useful to librarians with limited background in present day health care issues. Part two has three chapters devoted to “Consumer Health Resources for Librarians.” The chapter on Websites discusses the criteria for selecting notable sites. The individual listings have a standardized format that includes privacy policy, advertisements, special features, and date of evaluation. Links to the selected sites are included on the CD-ROM accompanying the text. The chapter on recommended health print sources offers considerations for selecting books for collections and then provides major health conditions and annotations for the selected titles. A separate chapter contains resources for and about children that includes print and electronic formats. These resource lists in no way match the comprehensive coverage of Alan Rees's Consumer Health Information Source Book [1] or Cecilia Durkin's Consumer Health: A Guide to Internet Information Resources [2] but are starting points for small and medium-sized consumer health collections. Part three focuses on “Consumer Health Services for Libraries.” Chapter seven in this part addresses various aspects of library service for health consumers, including collaboration between public and medical libraries, reference interviews, malpractice, and marketing. Considering the importance and difficulties of health-related reference interviews, this section is less informative than expected. Chapter eight discusses evaluating resources for users and identifies resources with information about practitioners and health care institutions. A chapter is devoted to creating print consumer health publications, and another is devoted to building a consumer health Website. The CD-ROM includes templates for a model Website. These last two chapters contain unique information of value for consumer health services beyond the usual inhouse services. This book fills the criteria of a handbook for public librarians and is highly recommended for that purpose. For the health sciences librarian, the last two chapters have valuable details for enhancing consumer health services.
Nerve Growth Factor Effects on CNS Cholinergic Neurons In Vivo

Levi-Montalcini’s discovery of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) some 40 years ago has inspired dramatic changes in our perception of the nervous system as a highly regulated cell society. The concept that specific proteins (designated as neuronotrophic factors, or NTFs) are required for survival, growth and function of selected neuronal populations in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) during its development is being increasingly extended to the central nervous system (CNS) as well as to adult neurons in both PNS and CNS (Varon et al 1984; 1987a-d). If adult CNS neurons do depend throughout life on appropriately supplied NTFs, then it is possible to speculate that i) conditions leading to a deficient or defective NTF supply may be responsible for certain involutive or pathologic situations (Varon, 1975; Appel 1981), and/or ii) administration of exogenous NTFs could protect CNS neurons against such a deficit or alleviate their functional impairments.
Reconceptualizing church-based mental health promotion with African Americans: A social action theory approach

African Americans are at risk for poor mental health outcomes and disparities in treatment. Because of the importance of religion in the lives of many African Americans Church-Based Health Promotio...
Modeling Temporality of Human Intentions by Domain Adaptation

Categorizing patient’s intentions in conversational assessment can help decision making in clinical treatments. Many conversation corpora span broaden a series of time stages. However, it is not clear that how the themes shift in the conversation impact on the performance of human intention categorization (eg., patients might show different behaviors during the beginning versus the end). This paper proposes a method that models the temporal factor by using domain adaptation on clinical dialogue corpora, Motivational Interviewing (MI). We deploy Bi-LSTM and topic model jointly to learn language usage change across different time sessions. We conduct experiments on the MI corpora to show the promising improvement after considering temporality in the classification task.
Fernand Braudel and the Structures in Everyday Life

In his book, Fernand Braudel turns our attention, as historians, from kings, conquerors, and other “great men,” and diplomacy to the everyday lives of ordinary people and such things as their bread consumption and eating habits. That is, he is interested in the “little things one hardly notices” that play such an important, but generally neglected (by historians), role in history. The passage by Hedrick Smith on the role of vodka is used as an example of how seemingly unimportant topics can reveal a great deal about Russian everyday life, character, and culture.
Music, blackness, and black identity in Cuba

For Cuban music scholars constructs of race and nation constitute intersecting and often clashing elements in discussions about the origins and character of major popular music expressions, whether...
Can Media Literacy Education Increase Digital Engagement in Politics

ABSTRACTOnline environments are now central to political life, especially for young people. They are prominent contexts for activities that include: fundraising, political debate, sharing political perspectives, mobilizing individuals and groups to act, and applying pressure to governments, corporations, and nonprofits. Much of this online politically focused activity occurs within a broader media ecology that can be characterized as a participatory culture (Jenkins, H., R. Purushotma, K. Clinton, M. Weigel, and A. J. Robison. [2009]. Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century. Occasional Paper on Digital Media and Learning. Chicago: John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation). Many have argued that media literacy efforts are needed for youth to fully leverage these digital opportunities, but rigorous studies of such educational efforts are just beginning to emerge. Drawing on an original panel survey, this paper examines whether efforts to promote digital...
Pletismografía en pacientes con bronquiectasias secundarias a tuberculosis en un hospital público de Lima, Perú

Objetivo: determinar las caracteristicas de las pruebas de funcion pulmonar en pacientes con Bronquiectasias secundarias a Tuberculosis pulmonar en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (Lima, Peru) durante los anos 2015 – 2016. Materiales y metodos: se realizo un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se recolecto informacion de historias clinicas de pacientes con diagnostico de bronquiectasias secundarias a tuberculosis pulmonar con pruebas de funcion pulmonar y otros variables asociadas. Resultados: se revisaron 76 historias clinicas de pacientes con pruebas de funcion pulmonar. En espirometria encontramos que el 40.8% tenia patron obstructivo y el 22.3% patron restrictivo. En pletismografia se determino que 61.8% tenia criterios de atrapamiento aereo por volumen residual > 120% y que 9.2% tenia criterios de hiperinflacion pulmonar por capacidad pulmonar total > 120%. Asimismo, se pudo encontrar cambios estadisticamente significativos en los valores de pletismografia luego del uso del broncodilatador. Conclusiones: el patron mas frecuente fue el obstructivo con atrapamiento aereo sin hiperinflacion pulmonar.
Central Nervous System Effects

Children and adolescents are vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of radiation and chemotherapy, which can include disruption of normal brain development. Children with central nervous system malignancies and those who have received cranial radiation therapy are at particularly high risk. However, neurological and cognitive impairments have also been observed in other disease groups even in the absence of cranial radiation therapy. Toxicities may be acute, subacute, or long-term. Contributing factors include the type (location, volume, dosage) of radiation therapy administered, cumulative dosage of neurotoxic chemotherapy agents, mode of chemotherapy delivery (intrathecal), age at exposure, gender, and inherited factors. Affected survivors struggle with educational attainment, emotional-behavior difficulties, and other aspects of quality of life. Therfore, children and adolescents exposed to neurotoxic therapies benefit from surveillance and early intervention for neurological and cognitive late effects.
Transport of dispersed oil compounds to the seafloor by sinking phytoplankton aggregates: A modeling study

Abstract Up to 20% of the oil spilled as a result of the Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 was deposited as degraded oil compounds on the seafloor. Much of that deposition was likely due to dispersed oil compounds having been integrated into fast-sinking aggregates, which transported it effectively to depth. Understanding the details of this oil transport mechanism, and predicting its potential magnitude, is important for the management and mitigation of future oil spills. The 1-D model described here simulates a) a diatom bloom and the resulting formation of aggregates via coagulation of cells, b) the scavenging of dispersed oil compounds by these aggregates as they sink through the water column, c) the degradation of diatom carbon and oil carbon during transit, and d) the ultimate deposition of aggregates and oil compounds to the seafloor. The model is parameterized using primarily field- and laboratory-collected data and the model results are compared to sediment trap data. Specifically, one large diatom sedimentation event observed shortly after the Deepwater well was capped was modeled. The comparison of simulation results to field data assesses the model’s ability to explain the observed sedimentation event and tests our understanding of the main mechanisms driving such an event. The model results indicate that diatom carbon and oil compounds captured in the trap were linked to a sedimentation event that reached peak intensity just before the trap was deployed. The model simulations predict the measured sedimentation rates of oil compounds and organic carbon reasonably well, indicating that the key mechanisms driving this process were captured by the model. In the baseline case, which simulates the sedimentation of a large Skeletonema bloom in late August 2010, about 10% of the dispersed oil compounds lingering in the water were deposited to the seafloor. The ability of a sinking diatom bloom to scavenge dispersed oil compounds from the water column and deposit them to depth is a robust result of the model over a range of parameter variations. These results suggest that a model that combines satellite data on phytoplankton blooms with water column dispersed oil concentrations to estimate potential oil compound deposistion rates may be able to provide decision makers with guidance during an oil spill. However, additional, independent validation of the model is necessary before it can be adapted for use in an operational setting.
Liposomal Daunorubicin/Cytarabine As a Bridge to Second Allogeneic Transplant for Early Relapses after First Allograft for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia/Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Introduction Liposomal daunorubicin/cytarabine (Vyxeos® or lipo-CD) is a dual drug liposomal encapsulation, delivering these drugs at a fixed 1:5 synergistic ratio for a longer therapeutic period. Compared to standard 7+3, lipo-CD pts had improved survival and remission rates in a pivotal phase III study, with more reaching allogeneic transplantation (HCT), with lower post-HCT mortality and improved survival. With its enhanced pharmacokinetics, lipo-CD may provide a potent bridge to second transplant for early relapses after HCT. Here, we report our experience. Methods We retrospectively reviewed recipients of lipo-CD at our institution since FDA approval 8/2017. Of 23 pts, 8 relapsed Results Median age was 60 yrs. They received 1-4 lines of therapy (median 2) prior to first HCT with 5/8 pts having received 7+3 (cytarabine 100-200mg/m2 × 7 days + dauno 60-90mg/m2 × 3 days). 6 had adverse cytogenetics/genomic profiles. 7/8 had AML and 1 high grade MDS. Pts relapsed at 2 to 7 mo (median 4 mo) after first HCT, and all 8 received full lipo-CD induction (dauno 44 mg/m2 and cytarabine 100 mg/m2 on Days 1, 3, and 5) as outpatient therapy. [Table] 7/8 had Day 14 bone marrow biopsies: 3 were clear, 2 had >80% cytoreduction, and 2 had similar blast count. 3 with persistent disease underwent re-induction with lipo-CD (Days 1 and 3). All successfully proceeded to second transplant at 15-70 days after lipo-CD: 7 with same donor after melphalan 140mg/m2, and 1 from a different donor after busulfan/fludarabine. Tacrolimus was started on day + 7 and discontinued at day + 28 if no GVHD. 4/8 remain alive. 2 relapsed at 3 and 6 months post-HCT and are remarkably in CR at 19 and 16 mo after second transplant despite isolated CNS relapses, which were successfully treated. The other two relapsed at 2 and 3 mo post-HCT and are alive after second transplant. Conclusion Outpatient lipo-CD as a bridge to second transplant is feasible and effective in treating AML/MDS with early relapse after first HCT. While preliminary, survival appears favorable to that reported (14-23% at 1 year) in this very poor risk group, including those with adverse cytogenetics. Prospective multi-center trials are planned.
Study of DABCO as a Possible Two-Photon Laser–Population Dynamics and Absorption Spectrum of the Excited Ã State

We have recently been investigating the possibility that an amplifier of picosecond light pulses based on two-photon stimulated emission (TPSE) can be realized in triethy- lenediamine (DABCO) vapor. Our scheme centers on using the one-photon-forbidden, two-photon-allowed A → X ˜ [3s(+) →n,(+)] transition of this molecule.1 Two-photon amplifying transitions could possibly occur between the zero vibrational level of the A state to several thermally unoccupied (symmetric) vibrational levels of the X ˜ state. The half frequencies for these transitions are all in the Rhodamine 6G dye-laser range, making it relatively convenient for obtaining the ~1-mJ ~5-psec pulses that we estimate are required to start a two-photon cascade.
Bone Morphogenic Proteins Are Immunoregulatory Cytokines Controlling FOXP3+ Treg Cells.

Summary Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) cytokine family promoting differentiation, homeostasis, and self-renewal of multiple tissues. We show that signaling through the bone morphogenic protein receptor 1α (BMPR1α) sustains expression of FOXP3 in Treg cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues. BMPR1α signaling promotes molecular circuits supporting acquisition and preservation of Treg cell phenotype and inhibiting differentiation of pro-inflammatory effector Th1/Th17 CD4+ T cell. Mechanistically, increased expression of KDM6B (JMJD3) histone demethylase, an antagonist of the polycomb repressive complex 2, underlies lineage-specific changes of T cell phenotypes associated with abrogation of BMPR1α signaling. These results reveal that BMPs are immunoregulatory cytokines mediating maturation and stability of peripheral FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and controlling generation of iTreg cells. Thus, we establish that BMPs, a large cytokine family, are an essential link between stromal tissues and the adaptive immune system involved in sustaining tissue homeostasis by promoting immunological tolerance.
A Polymeric Delivery System Enables Controlled Release of Genipin for Spatially-Confined In Situ Crosslinking of Injured Connective Tissues.

Abstract An emerging approach toward repair of connective tissues applies exogenous crosslinkers to mechanically augment injured structures in vivo. One crosslinker that has been explored for this purpose is the plant-derived small molecule genipin. However, genipin's high reactivity to primary amines in proteins, small size, and high diffusion coefficient necessitate localizing and controlling its delivery to avoid off-target or adverse effects. In this study, genipin-loaded polymers were evaluated for sustained local administration. Insoluble polymers comprising subunits of α-, β-, or γ-cyclodextrin, cyclic oligosaccharides possessing increasing cavity sizes, were compared to polymers comprising subunits of the non-cyclic polysaccharide dextran. Polymers made from β-cyclodextrin showed prolonged genipin release for over ten times longer than polymers made from α- or γ-cyclodextrins or dextran, indicating that genipin possesses molecular affinity for the β-cyclodextrin cavity. Modeling of complexation between genipin and cyclodextrin hosts supported this finding. Genipin released from all polymers was confirmed to be functional by exogenous collagen crosslinking through fluorometric and mechanical readouts. Co-incubation of genipin-loaded polymers with bovine tendon explants showed genipin crosslink-mediated coloration that was confined to the sites of exposure. Altogether, results indicate that host-guest interactions within a polymeric delivery vehicle can help to control and confine genipin release.
A multidimensional generalization of Shukla's 8-psi-8 summation

We give an r-dimensional generalization of H. S. Shukla's very-well-poised 8-psi-8 summation formula. We work in the setting of multiple basic hypergeometric series very-well-poised over the root system A_{r-1}, or equivalently, the unitary group U(r). Our proof, which is already new in the one-dimensional case, utilizes an A_{r-1} nonterminating very-well-poised 6-phi-5 summation by S. C. Milne, a partial fraction decomposition, and analytic continuation.
Orbital optimisation in the perfect pairing hierarchy: applications to full-valence calculations on linear polyacenes

ABSTRACTWe describe the implementation of orbital optimisation for the models in the perfect pairing hierarchy. Orbital optimisation, which is generally necessary to obtain reliable results, is pursued at perfect pairing (PP) and perfect quadruples (PQ) levels of theory for applications on linear polyacenes, which are believed to exhibit strong correlation in the π space. While local minima and σ-π symmetry breaking solutions were found for PP orbitals, no such problems were encountered for PQ orbitals. The PQ orbitals are used for single-point calculations at PP, PQ and perfect hextuples (PH) levels of theory, both only in the π subspace, as well as in the full σπ valence space. It is numerically demonstrated that the inclusion of single excitations is necessary also when optimised orbitals are used. PH is found to yield good agreement with previously published density matrix renormalisation group data in the π space, capturing over 95% of the correlation energy. Full-valence calculations made possible b...
MATLAB package for discrete dipole approximation by graphics processing unit: Fast Fourier Transform and Biconjugate Gradient

Abstract A MATLAB package describing discrete dipole approximation (MPDDA) is introduced to calculate the optical properties of arbitrary shaped plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs). The polarizability function, induced dipoles, and dipole interaction matrix are discussed. To calculate the dipole moments, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Biconjugate Gradient (BCG) were used to reduce the computational time and memory. To further accelerate the computational procedure, we used MATLAB functions and toolboxes supported by the graphics processing unit (GPU) and execute them on GPU by supplying a “gpuArray” argument. Using the GPU, the computation cost significantly decreased when compared to the CPU. We also simulated the optical properties of plasmonic NPs, such as extinction, absorption, and scattering efficiencies, electric field enhancement around monomeric and dimeric structures using this package. The accuracy and capabilities of the code have been confirmed by comparing with Mie theory (exact solution) and ADDA code (a DDA package developed in C).
It is my turn: Involuntary transgenerational succession in a South African family business

Transgenerational succession remains one of the most often-studied topics in the family business literature. Despite this attention, little is known about a particular type of succession, one in wh...
Tragedy Unremarked: Empty Spots in Human Connection and Law

In Sand and Blood: America’s Stealth War on the Mexico Border, John Carlos Frey shows the reader a story about life, death, and a void in the reach of law to human need. Frey tells of a government-orchestrated disaster, shocking but unseen, that has been under way at the Southern border for decades. As a journalist of Mexican origin and paternally derived U.S. citizenship, Frey delivers a vivid and partly personal account of the human tragedy purposefully and soundlessly inflicted on poor Hispanic arrivals—a tragedy that should sear a vivid image of horror into our collective memory. For many years, Americans have known of the grudging welcome extended to our Southern neighbors but little of the corresponding human consequences. The result has been a void in both cultural awareness and legal doctrine. Over time, a public theater of immigration control, balancing the needs of politicians, business interests, and law enforcement, has shunted aspiring immigrants into a dystopia, planned by bureaucrats but given effect and form by human desperation, avarice, and menace.
Laughing Alone with Salad: Nutrition-Based Inequity in Women’s Diet and Wellness Media

Nutritionism creates hegemonic norms for eating and defining subjectivity, but this chapter demonstrates the specifically gendered effects of this ideology. Examining how diet and wellness media communicate stereotypical ideas about gender through salad, the chapter analyses a variety of source material, including the photo essay “Women Laughing Alone with Salad”, the Men’s Health and Women’s Health websites, Instagram images, and numerous food and “wellness” trends. Such sources create nutritionism’s subjects in ways closely aligned with existing dynamics of patriarchy, whiteness, affluence, and bodily ability and size. This analysis demonstrates how the refrain “salad is feminine” endorses and reinforces notions of identity, power, and inequity through specifically nutricentric means that permeate women’s diet and wellness media.
Abstract NS13: Road to Recovery after Stroke: Understanding Predictors of Discharge Destination, Functional Independence, and Quality of Life after Hospital Discharge

Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability and affects 795,000 people in the U.S. each year. This study was conducted to enhance knowledge of outcomes during recovery and the options for participating in rehabilitation and preventive care during patients’ transitions to the community. Comprehensive Stroke Certification charges hospitals with the task of expanding knowledge of functional and quality of life outcomes for all stroke patients through the continuum examining effects of stroke severity, functional impairment, and patient characteristics on discharge destinations, functional independence, and quality of life after discharge. Methods: Retrospective analysis of an acute stroke quality improvement database which includes measures collected by MedTel Outcomes LLC on all stroke patients one month after discharge. Included, is the Functional Independence Measure and standardized quality of life and participation measures. In the database are standardized measures from the medical record such stroke type, Modified Rankin score, and acute functional independence measure score for 719 patients with a 30-day follow-up phone assessment for functional and quality of life measures from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2012. Preliminary Findings: Over 75% of patients had hemiparesis, & over 90% survived 30-days post discharge and were living in the community. At follow-up, mostwere independent in self-care, and half were independent in mobility excluding stairs. Those with right brain involvement had a complicated, slower recovery. Those with left brain involvement,had lower functional scores and a higher percentage of them were not living in the community, rather, living in institutions. Conclusions: All patients experiencing a stroke should have evidence-based information on their options & what to expect during their recovery during their transitions into the community. The data base is useful as a source of outcome data for comparative effectiveness and to build a regional collaborative outcomes database for Comparative Effectiveness Research and quality benchmarking. Findings can be used to understand the functional trajectory of recovery based on severity of stroke and other factors.
The eating and exercise behavior questionnaire: a validity assessment.

(1988). The Eating and Exercise Behavior Questionnaire: A Validity Assessment. Health Education: Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 6-11.
Why would an ASIC foundry accept anything less than full scan

A key force behind IBM's growth in the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) market is the ability to sign off on multi-million-gate designs without requiring test vectors, presenting a savings in both time and money to customers. Once a customer ensures (via formal verification and/or functional simulation) that the design functions as required, static tinting analysis (STA) ensures that the design achieves the required performance targets. Extensive model-to-hardware correlation assures correctness of the timing analysis models, enabling IBM to assure that the design can be manufactured to the required performance targets. Through a combination of full-scan and boundary-scan design-for-test (DFT) structures, the IBM ASIC methodology ensures that automatically generated test patterns will run correctly on test equipment; typically achieving 99+% stuck-fault coverage. In the case of a repeatable manufacturing defect, full-scan-based diagnostic software isolates the problem without customer involvement.