cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A new model to predict remission status in AML patients based on day 14 bone marrow biopsy

Although bone marrow evaluation on day 14 after initiation of induction chemotherapy (D14 BM) is a widely accepted practice in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it has suboptimal predictive value for predicting complete remission. We retrospectively analyzed pretreatment characteristics and post-induction response in a cohort of AML patients to determine if adding clinical and laboratory characteristics can improve the predictive value of the D14 BM evaluation. Among 297 patients treated for AML at the single institution 183 patients (61%) had leukemia-positive D14 BM. Of those, 94 were given reinduction chemotherapy and 89 were not. Of the 89 patients who did not receive reinduction, 32 (36%) subsequently achieved complete remission (CR) or complete remission with incomplete count recovery (CRi), and 57 (64%) had persistent disease. Persistent disease after positive D14 BM was more likely associated with higher percentage of D14 myeloblasts, a history of relapsed disease before induction, and higher risk disease compared to patients who subsequently achieved CR. Age, diagnostic white blood cell count, and the D14 BM cellularity did not influence the subsequent likelihood of achieving remission in patients with a positive D14 BM. A new mathematical equation was created and resulted in a positive predictive value of 83%, negative predictive value 90% and accuracy 88% for correctly identifying remission status after positive D14 BM in AML. The accuracy of predicting response using these additional parameters was significantly higher than without (0.88 vs. 0.80, P=0.002). Our new model provides better accuracy for predicting the likelihood of achieving remission and if validated in future studies may be useful for managing AML patients.
Effect of Generating Unit and Grid Coordination in Modern Electric Power System(Serialization)

The electric power system consists of generator and power grid of both the relationship is inseparable.The generator is the source for providing electricity,supporting grid voltage,adjusting and keeping stability of the system while the grid is to connect customers and all units for forming a stable dynamic system.It is necessary to realize extensive coordination and correct interaction between generating unit and grid for ensuring common safety and stability.Among mass famous blackout accidents in the world,there are examples of inconsistence of generating unit and grid.Modern power grid is tremendous with complicated structure and equipments,meanwhile,it is complex in aspects of voltage and power angle stability,coordination of equipment safety and protection automatic device which definitely comes up with higher requirements for generating unit and grid coordination.This paper summarizes and analyzes affect,role and significance of generating unit and power grid coordination for modern power grid from the angle of global electric power system as far as possible.It states comments,development,theoretical foundation,action principles and application of generating unit and grid coordination in order to provide conference and help to study and improve problems of generating unit and grid coordination.
Using Semantic Language Resources to Support Textual Inference for Question Answering

The paper presents an experiment aiming at verifying whether the rich connectivity of two Italian Language Resources, ItalWordNet and CLIPS, can be exploited to support inference for Question Answering. The methodology for the creation of primitive inferential rules from the ItalWordNet and CLIPS semantic relations is described. We also introduce some preliminary results about the usefulness of such inferential rules for QA.
The association between exposure to “Tips” and smoking-related outcomes among adolescents in the United States

The Tips From Former Smokers ("Tips") campaign in the United States primarily targets adult smokers, but considers adolescents an important secondary audience. This study examines the association between exposure to Tips and smoking outcomes in the adolescent population in the United States. We analyzed data from the 2013 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of middle- and high-school students in the United States (n = 18 406). Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationships between exposure to Tips advertisements and quitting intentions among current smokers and smoking susceptibility among experimenters and never smokers. Among current smokers, exposure to one Tips ad (versus no exposure) was positively associated with intending to quit. Similar associations also emerged for higher levels of exposure but did not reach significance. Among never smokers, exposure to four and more ads (versus no exposure) was associated with lower smoking susceptibility. Exposure to Tips ads was unrelated to smoking susceptibility among experimenters. The associations observed in the study suggest an intricate, and generally favorable, relationship between campaign exposure and smoking-related outcomes among current smokers and never smokers. Close monitoring of the Tips' impact on the adolescent population is needed.
Innovation, Inclusion, and Institutions: East Asian Lessons for Latin America?

Latin American countries have made substantial progress with respect to some socioeconomic indicators in recent decades. Indeed, many countries in the region now enjoy middle-income status within the international context. This progress was accelerated by the “commodity super-cycle” during the ten years from around 2003 to 2012, as China’s demand for commodities led to price and volume increases for many Latin American exporters of those products. Now the region faces two kinds of challenges. On the one hand, the commodity cycle is over for the foreseeable future, so another kind of strategy must be sought to maintain high growth rates. On the other hand, the commodity boom did not resolve all of Latin America’s socioeconomic problems and may even have exacerbated some of them. Thus, the gap increased between nations, regions, and social groups that benefitted and those that did not. Moreover, productivity failed to rise in line with international trends.
A 45-year-old female with a history of dyspnoea

A 45-year old female originally presented in January 2001 with a 25 pack-year history of tobacco use, a 2-year history of dyspnoea on exertion, fatigue and polycythaemia. Right heart catheterisation showed a pulmonary artery pressure of 54/26 mmHg (mean 37) with a cardiac index of 2.3 L·min-1·m-2. An open lung biopsy was performed and the samples from histopathological examination are shown in figure 1.
Expression of sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter 1 (NaDC1/SLC13A2) in normal and neoplastic human kidney.

Regulated dicarboxylate transport is critical for acid-base homeostasis, prevention of calcium nephrolithiasis, regulation of collecting duct sodium chloride transport, and the regulation of blood ...
Spatial Hadamard encoding of J‐edited spectroscopy using slice‐selective editing pulses

A new approach for simultaneous dual-voxel J-difference spectral editing is described, which uses spatially selective spectral-editing pulses and Hadamard encoding. A theoretical framework for spatial Hadamard editing and reconstruction for parallel acquisition (SHERPA) was developed, applying gradient pulses during the frequency-selective editing pulses. Spectral simulations were performed for either one (gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA) or two molecules (glutathione and lactate) simultaneously detected in two voxels. The method was tested in a two-compartment GABA phantom, and finally applied to the left and right hemispheres of 10 normal control subjects, scanned at 3 T. SHERPA was successfully implemented at 3 T and gave results in close agreement with conventional MEGA-PRESS scans in both the phantom and in vivo experiments. Simulations for GABA editing for (3 cm)3 voxels in the left and right hemispheres suggest that both editing efficiency losses and contamination between voxels are about 2%. Compared with conventional single-voxel single-metabolite J-difference editing, two- or fourfold acceleration is possible without significant loss of SNR using the SHERPA method. Unlike some other dual-voxel methods, the method can be used with single-channel receiver coils, and there is no SNR loss due to unfavorable receive-coil geometry factors.
De-escalating and escalating surgery in the management of early breast cancer

In the setting of increased awareness regarding the need to address potential overtreatment in the management of breast cancer patients with favorable-prognosis disease, this article reviews three relevant instances in which the extent of surgery has been safely decreased: margin width in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ; axillary management in clinically node-negative women undergoing primary breast-conserving surgery; and the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by sentinel node biopsy for patients presenting with node-positive breast cancer. The management of the axillary nodes over the past decade highlights the potential to de-escalate surgery in the era of multimodality therapy. Similar opportunities exist for the use of radiotherapy. To fully realize the potential of de-escalating surgery, new communication strategies must be developed to convince patients that bigger is not necessarily better.
Arquitectura rural, espacio doméstico y masculinidad en varios poemas de Francisco de Quevedo

La representacion de la vivienda y el espacio domestico en varias composiciones de Francisco de Quevedo revelan preocupaciones relacionadas con la perdida de virilidad debido al paso del tiempo, como es el caso del conocido soneto "Mire los muros de la patria mia", asi como con la crisis de masculinidad causada por el lujo excesivo y las modas afeminadas de los nobles, que han desatendido sus obligaciones militares. Dichas metaforas resultan utiles no solo para un recuento del desarrollo del sujeto masculino de la temprana modernidad, sino tambien para la expresion de un codigo de comportamiento que colabore en la solucion de la decadencia politica del Imperio. Mientras que en el soneto "A la huerta del duque de Lerma", se destaca la ejemplaridad de su dueno que se convierte en paradigma de conducta masculina, en "Dichoso tu que alegre en tu cabana", el poeta propone un giro hacia la interioridad como resistencia al excesivo autoritarismo de la Monarquia de los Austrias. Esta nocion se desarrolla con mayor intensidad en el soneto "Faltar pudo a Scipion Roma opulenta", asi como en otros poemas compuestos por Quevedo durante su encerramiento en la Torre de Juan Abad.
Understanding the Initiation of Marijuana Use

A social psychology of problem behavior was employed in a longitudinal study of high school youth to predict time of onset of marijuana use. Measures of 19 personality, perceived environment, and behavioral variables among nonusers of marijuana in 1970 were shown to account for a significant amount of the variance in time of onset of use over the subsequent 2-year period (R = .61 for males and .44 for females). More important perhaps, “growth curves” of the measures plotted over the study years show that the trajectory of social-psychological development varies depending on whether and on when onset of marijuana use occurs. The findings support the importance of the concept of deviance or transition proneness in the social-psychological framework as identifying a disposition toward development and change among adolescents.
Bullying reduction and subjective wellbeing: The benefits of reduced bullying reach far beyond the victim

Numerous studies have revealed the relationship between bullying and an increased risk of depression, and suicidal ideation (Nansel, Overpeck, Saluja & Ruan, 2004; Card & Hodges, 2008; Harris, 2009; Wang, Iannotti, & Nansel, 2009: Lenci & Matuga, 2010). The World Health Organization’s longitudinal, multi-national study of children’s subjective wellbeing found that school climate and the quality of children’s relationships are the most significant factors in predicting wellbeing (Klocke, Clair, & Bradshaw, 2014). Decades of research have revealed the benefits of healthy levels of subjective wellbeing (SWB). One of the major factors affecting subjective wellbeing is the quality of an individual’s social interactions (Diener, 2016). This three-year study of 1218 4th and 5th-grade students in 16 classrooms within eight suburban/urban schools assessed changes in students’ subjective wellbeing or happiness before and after implementation of a bullying prevention/intervention program. Three subgroups were identified: bullies, victims, and bystanders. As bullying declined in all of the three subgroups, significant positive prosocial pretest to posttest changes were identified on two Centers for Disease Control Bullying Compendium Modified Aggression Subscales (the Bullying Subscale and the Cooperative Caring Subscale). Statistically significant gains in subjective wellbeing were found within the largest group: the bystander (witness) student group, during each year of the three-year study. Although there were positive changes in measures of SWB in bullies and victims during the three-year study, the changes were not statistically significant.
A Cost-effectiveness Analysis of an Adjuvanted Subunit Vaccine for the Prevention of Herpes Zoster and Post-herpetic Neuralgia.

Background Herpes zoster (HZ) develops in up to 50% of unvaccinated individuals, accounting for >1 million cases annually in the United States. A live attenuated HZ vaccine (LAV) is Food and Drug Administration approved for those age 50 years or older, though Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations are only for those age 60 years or older. LAV efficacy is ~70% for persons 50-59 years of age, with lower efficacy in older adults. A new 2-dose adjuvanted subunit vaccine (SUV) has >95% efficacy in persons 50-69 years of age and remains ~90% efficacious in persons vaccinated at age 70 years. Methods To estimate the relative cost-effectiveness of SUV, LAV, and no vaccination (NoV) strategies, a Markov model was developed based on published data on vaccine efficacy, durability of protection, quality of life, resource utilization, costs, and disease epidemiology. The perspective was US societal, and the cycle length was 1 year with a lifelong time horizon. SUV efficacy was estimated to wane at the same rate as LAV. Outcomes evaluated included lifetime costs, discounted life expectancy, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results For individuals vaccinated at age 50 years, the ICER for LAV vs NoV was $118 535 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY); at age 60 years, the ICER dropped to $42 712/QALY. SUV was more expensive but had better ICERs than LAV. At age 50, the ICER was $91 156/QALY, and it dropped to $19 300/QALY at age 60. Conclusions Vaccination with SUV was more cost-effective than LAV in all age groups studied. Vaccination with SUV at age 50 years appears cost-effective, with an ICER <$100 000/QALY.
Impact of reinforcements on heat stress in structural firefighter turnout suits

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of additional textile layer reinforcements on garment heat loss and the physiological comfort of the firefighter. Four structural firefighte...
On the Classification Problem of Embedded Lines in Characteristic p

Publisher Summary This chapter explains the classification problem of embedded lines. The main technique of the proof of a theorem by Abhyankar–Moh is the theory of approximate roots, which has been simplified and generalized. The chapter presents the Nagata's example, the principal one that illustrates the characteristic p phenomena. The nonexistence of the said automorphism is due to van der Kulk's theorem on the automorphism group of the affine plane. There are several simple ways to see the parametrized curve is indeed an embedded line.
Convection Model for Laminar Flow in Pipes

When a vessel is long enough, then the dispersion or tanks-in-series models well describe its flow behavior. But how long is “long enough?” For packed beds and for turbulent flow in pipes, just about any vessel length is long enough; however, for laminar flow in pipes we may be in other flow regimes, in particular, that of the pure convection model.
Chapter Twenty – Spectroscopy of Atoms

Publisher Summary This chapter explains atomic spectroscopy, which is primarily used for the determination of trace metals in many types of samples composed of organic or inorganic matrices. The techniques used for this purpose are atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The chapter discusses the basis for the observation of atomic emission and atomic absorption. In emission, the atoms of interest are vaporized by the input of thermal energy by either combustion or electrical discharge. The emission intensity, which is observed in the form of line spectra, is proportional to concentration and is dependent on the temperature of the system. In absorption radiation, the incident on the metal vapor causes electronic transitions from the ground state to selected excited states. The measurement of the ratio of the transmitted power to the incident power is proportional to concentration. The chapter also explains atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. In this method, radiation impinging on a vapor metal sample causes the promotion of electrons into excited states.
Observation and Modeling

In this chapter we discuss the means by which CMEs are observed and modeled. We begin with a very brief review of Thomson scattering and move onto in-situ instruments and the importance of measurements made with those, and we spend some time discussing the latest CME-detection instrument called the heliospheric imager. In the second part of this chapter we discuss the modeling efforts that have been made in attempts to describe the onset and evolution of CMEs.
Clinical significance of discordant findings between pre-therapy 123I and post-therapy 131I whole body scan in patients with thyroid cancer

Radioactive therapy with (131)I (RAI) is commonly used during the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of discordant findings between pre-RAI whole body scan (WBS) with (123)I and post-RAI WBS in the management of DTC. We retrospectively evaluated 342 individuals between 2002 and 2008 who had a diagnosis of DTC and underwent RAI. All had WBS one day before RAI and WBS one week after RAI. Patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) RAI-naive subjects without known distant metastatic disease (M1); 2) patients with history of prior RAI and persistent disease (except M1); and 3) patients with known M1. In Group 1 (n=311), 7% of patients (n=22) had discordant scans, but in only 4 of these cases did this represent true disease (3 unsuspected lung and 1 mediastinal node metastasis). In the remaining 18 patients, discordant findings corresponded to physiologic or other benign causes. In group 2 (n=23), 7 subjects (30%) had discordant findings and all of the discrepant sites consisted of loco-regional nodal disease in the neck/upper mediastinum (n=6) and M1 in lung (n=1). In group 3 (n=8), 5 patients (62%) showed discordant uptake in lung and bone which corresponded to the locations of known M1. A total of 12 patients with iodine-avid M1 were identified on post-RAI WBS (3.5% of entire cohort). Pre-RAI WBS was only concordant in 3 of these cases (25%). In conclusion, the significance of pre and post-RAI WBS is highly influenced by the clinical setting. Unsuspected distant metastatic disease is infrequent in RAI-naive patients without known M1, where most discordant findings are usually due to benign explanations, and represent false positive findings in this group. In contrast, in patients with history of previous RAI or known M1, discordant results likely correspond to true disease. In our study, pre-RAI scans showed a low yield to detect iodine-avid distant metastatic disease when compared to post-RAI scans.
Antenna Decoupling with a 3D Printed Tapered Ribbed Structure

An analytical approach introduced in 1960 by Russian scientist Tereshin [1]–[2], for decoupling two antennas using an impedance surface is presented. An impedance surface expression is practically realized using corrugations of varied depth onto a cylindrical RF repeater platform and fabricated using 3D-printing. The coupling is measured and obtained results show that the impedance structure decreases the coupling by 11 dB over a wide range in KiKa-band.
Honey as a Treatment in Otorhinolaryngology: A Review by Subspecialty.

Objectives:To provide an up-to-date review of honey’s effectiveness and potential applications in otorhinolaryngology.Methods:A literature search of the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochran...
An investigation of environmental concentrations of atrazine, chlorothalonil, and fipronil in a Mississippi River-influenced marsh in southern Louisiana

Abstract The pesticides atrazine, chlorothalonil, and fipronil are common surface water contaminants due to their high rates of application and their chemical properties. This study investigates the introduction of contaminants into coastal wetlands via the Bayou Lamoque Mississippi River control structure in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana; results serve as a model for future studies regarding contaminant introduction from freshwater diversions aimed at Gulf Coast restoration. A protocol for environmental sampling using Continuous Low-level Aquatic Monitoring (C.L.A.M.) C-18 disks is described, along with effective solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methodology for the determination of atrazine, chlorothalonil, and fipronil in surface water. Average concentrations of atrazine and chlorothalonil inside the Bayou Lamoque freshwater diversion structure for the months of June – October 2016, were 33.3 ng l−1 and 3.5 ng l−1, respectively. Fipronil was not detected in concentrations exceeding its method detection limit of 1.26 ng l−1. The detected concentrations are innocuous to non-target organisms based on current ecotoxicity data, and are likely a result of runoff from nearby upstream agricultural and residential land.
Adaptive Intervention Designs in Substance Use Prevention

An adaptive preventive intervention design approach is an intervention design that uses baseline or ongoing information about an individual to make subsequent preventive intervention decisions. Often, the individuals and families served by substance use preventive interventions are widely heterogeneous both in background (e.g., initial risk prior to intervention) and in response to the intervention (e.g., intervention adherence or engagement, or change in risk). Adaptive preventive interventions have the potential to reduce the risk of substance use and abuse for a greater number of individuals, relative to one-intervention-for-all approaches to prevention, because they respond to this heterogeneity. An important framework in prevention science distinguishes between universal, selective, and indicated intervention tiers or components. The first contribution of this chapter is to illustrate different types of adaptive preventive interventions and describe how they fit within the universal, selective, and indicated framework. Specifically, we will illustrate, via four examples, how adaptive preventive interventions may lead to a sequence of interventions within or across these categories. The second contribution of this chapter responds to the growing interest in the use of sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) designs as a tool for addressing open scientific questions that prevention scientists confront when developing adaptive preventive interventions.
Modeling the role of carrier and mobile herds on foot-and-mouth disease virus endemicity in the Far North Region of Cameroon.

Abstract Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) is an RNA virus that infects cloven-hoofed animals, often produces either epidemic or endemic conditions, and negatively affects agricultural economies worldwide. FMDV epidemic dynamics have been extensively studied, but understanding of drivers of disease persistence in areas in which FMDV is endemic, such as most of sub-Saharan Africa, is lacking. We present a spatial stochastic model of disease dynamics that incorporates a spatial transmission kernel in a modified Gillespie algorithm, and use it to evaluate two hypothesized drivers of endemicity: asymptomatic carriers and the movement of mobile herds. The model is parameterized using data from the pastoral systems in the Far North Region of Cameroon. Our computational study provides evidence in support of the hypothesis that asymptomatic carriers, but not mobile herds, are a driver of endemicity.
Explore the Export Behavior of Textiles and Apparel “Made in the USA”: A Firm-Level Analysis

This study intends to explore the export behavior of textiles and apparel “Made in the USA” based on an analysis of micro firm-level data. The results indicate that export has become a critical growth engine supporting the development and expansion of T&A “Made in the USA” in today’s global economy. The results also confirm the unique significance of Western Hemisphere to the economic prosperity of U.S. T&A firms and their export performance.
A CASE OF RECURRENT HIGH-GRADE UNDIFFERENTIATED CARDIAC SARCOMA WITH INVOLVEMENT OF PULMONARY VEINS REQUIRING CARDIAC AUTOTRANSPLANTATION

Primary cardiac sarcoma has poor prognosis, but it occurs rarely with an autopsy incidence of 0.001% to 0.003%. The surgical resection of the tumor can relieve symptoms and extend survival. A 59-year-old male presented with mild dyspnea. His TEE and cardiac MRI revealed a large multi-lobar mass.
Numerical investigation of starting turbulent buoyant plumes released in neutral atmosphere

A fundamental study has been conducted to understand the mean and turbulence characteristics and their role in mixing processes of starting turbulent plumes initiated by a heated area source and released into a neutral atmosphere. Large eddy simulation has been performed in a domain of size 7 km (vertical) and is the source diameter), and which is capped with an unsteady head region that actively entrains fluid due to instabilities at the plume interface. Formation of vortex rings and instability mechanisms are linked to the entrainment process. Unsteady entrainment has been calculated using first principles, and the results revealed that entrainment, though negligible initially, initiates with the growth of the instabilities in the head region of the plume, and it correlates with the local Reynolds number in the head region.
Calculations of Nuclear Astrophysics and Californium Neutron Cross Section Uncertainties using ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF-3.1.2, JENDL-4.0 and Low-Fidelity Covariances

Nuclear astrophysics and californium neutron spectrum cross sections and their uncertainties for ENDF materials have been calculated. Absolute values were deduced with Maxwellian and Mannhart spectra, while uncertainties are based on ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF-3.1.2, JENDL-4.0 and Low-Fidelity covariances. These quantities are compared with available data, independent benchmarks, EXFOR library, and analyzed for a wide range of cases. Recommendations for neutron cross section covariances are given and implications are discussed.
Association between anti-interferon-alpha autoantibodies and COVID-19 in systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract Objectives Anti-type I interferon (IFN) autoantibodies have been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recently, an association of these autoantibodies with severe COVID-19 was reported in the general population. We assessed whether having pre-existing anti-IFNα autoantibodies was associated with COVID-19 infection in SLE patients. Methods Patients with SLE who developed COVID-19 between April 1st to October 1st, 2020 were studied. Biobanked pre-COVID-19 plasma from these SLE subjects and healthy controls were tested for anti-IFNα IgG autoantibodies by ELISA. The ability of plasma anti-IFNα autoantibodies to block signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) phosphorylation by recombinant human IFNα in vitro was assessed by flow cytometry. Results Ten SLE subjects with COVID-19 were identified. A 40% of these subjects had stable autoantibodies against IFNα for up to three years preceding COVID-19 diagnosis. A 50% of the subjects with these autoantibodies neutralized IFNα induced STAT1 phosphorylation.None of the other SLE samples blocked IFNα signaling. Conclusions We noted an increased prevalence of pre-existing anti-IFNα autoantibodies in SLE patients with COVID-19 compared to the reported prevalence in lupus patients and the general population with severe COVID-19. Autoantibodies against IFNα in SLE patients may be pathogenic and patients with them maybe at-risk of developing COVID-19. Key Messages What is already known about this subject? -Anti-type I interferon (IFN) autoantibodies have been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and have recently been associated with severe COVID-19 in the general population. What does this study add? -SLE subjects with COVID-19 had an increased prevalence of pre-existing anti-IFNα autoantibodies compared to the reported prevalence in lupus patients and the general population with severe COVID-19. -Plasma from 50% of subjects with these autoantibodies were able to block in vitro activity of IFNα. -SLE patients with pre-existing anti-IFNα autoantibodies had more severe COVID-19 manifestations. How might this impact on clinical practice or future developments? -Anti-IFNα autoantibodies may be pathogenic and could prove to be a helpful prognostic marker to predict which SLE patient may develop COVID-19 and inform preventive measures and management of this subset of patients.
Toward Wireless Health Monitoring via an Analog Signal Compression-Based Biosensing Platform

Wireless all-analog biosensor design for the concurrent microfluidic and physiological signal monitoring is presented in this paper. The key component is an all-analog circuit capable of compressing two analog sources into one analog signal by the analog joint source-channel coding (AJSCC). Two circuit designs are discussed, including the stacked-voltage-controlled voltage source (VCVS) design with the fixed number of levels, and an improved design, which supports a flexible number of AJSCC levels. Experimental results are presented on the wireless biosensor prototype, composed of printed circuit board realizations of the stacked-VCVS design. Furthermore, circuit simulation and wireless link simulation results are presented on the improved design. Results indicate that the proposed wireless biosensor is well suited for sensing two biological signals simultaneously with high accuracy, and can be applied to a wide variety of low-power and low-cost wireless continuous health monitoring applications.
Physical Education, Recreation, the Environment and Our Quality of Life: 體育、康樂、環境與優質人生的關係

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.This paper examines the role of physical educators in promoting an environmental ethic in individuals by expanding the traditional model of body, mind and spirit to include the environment.本文章以傳統的「身心靈」概念，探討體育工作者在推動環境保護中的個人道德行為。
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of the Romaine Lettuce Phylloplane Mycobiome.

Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an important staple of American agriculture. Unlike many vegetables, romaine lettuce is typically consumed raw. Phylloplane microbes occur naturally on plant leaves; consumption of uncooked leaves includes consumption of phylloplane microbes. Despite this fact, the microbes that naturally occur on produce such as romaine lettuce are for the most part uncharacterized. In this study, we conducted culture-based studies of the fungal romaine lettuce phylloplane community from organic and conventionally grown samples. In addition to an enumeration of all such microbes, we define and provide a discussion of the genera that form the “core” romaine lettuce mycobiome, which represent 85.5% of all obtained isolates: Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Filobasidium, Naganishia, Papiliotrema, Rhodotorula, Sampaiozyma, Sporobolomyces, Symmetrospora and Vishniacozyma. We highlight the need for additional mycological expertise in that 23% of species in these core genera appear to be new to science and resolve some taxonomic issues we encountered during our work with new combinations for Aureobasidiumbupleuri and Curvibasidium nothofagi. Finally, our work lays the ground for future studies that seek to understand the effect these communities may have on preventing or facilitating establishment of exogenous microbes, such as food spoilage microbes and plant or human pathogens.
A Standardized Approach Improves Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Postcardiotomy Shock

Postcardiotomy shock (PCS) has historically been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Mortality at discharge is reportedly more than 60%. We investigated the outcomes of our standardized approach to veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) management for PCS. We retrospectively reviewed 60 consecutive PCS patients who required ECMO following major cardiac surgery from January 2017 to September 2019. Index surgery included CABG (n = 10), valve (n = 23), valve and CABG (n = 12), root surgery (n = 10), and other (n = 5). Median lactate level, systolic blood pressure, and mean pulmonary artery pressure before ECMO were 4.0 mmol/L, 80 mm Hg, and 29 mm Hg, respectively. Fifty-nine patients (98%) were on two vasopressors, and 54 (90%) were on at least two inotropes. Vasoactive-Inotropic Score was 30 (IQR, 25-49). Eighty percent of patients received peripheral ECMO. Median ECMO flow index was 1.61 (IQR, 1.4-2.0) L/min/m2. Anticoagulation was not given in 12 (20%) patients during ECMO support. Major adverse events included chest re-exploration (15%), stroke (6.7%), renal replacement therapy (22%), and limb ischemia (5%). In-hospital mortality was 33%. This study suggests that a standardized approach with a dedicated ECMO team is feasible and may improve outcomes of PCS.
Assessment of Emergency Medicine Resident Performance in a Pediatric In Situ Simulation Using Multi-Source Feedback.

Introduction Multi-source feedback (MSF) is an evaluation method mandated by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). The Queen's Simulation Assessment Tool (QSAT) has been validated as being able to distinguish between resident performances in a simulation setting. The QSAT has also been demonstrated to have excellent MSF agreement when used in an adult simulation performed in a simulation lab. Using the QSAT, this study sought to determine the degree of agreement of MSF in a single pediatric (Peds) simulation case conducted in situ in a Peds emergency department (ED). Methods This Institutional Review Board-approved study was conducted in a four-year emergency medicine residency. A Peds resuscitation case was developed with specific behavioral anchors on the QSAT, which uses a 1-5 scale in each of five categories: Primary Assessment, Diagnostic Actions, Therapeutic Actions, Communication, and Overall Assessment. Data was gathered from six participants for each simulation. The lead resident self-evaluated and received MSF from a junior peer resident, a fixed Peds ED nurse, a random ED nurse, and two faculty (one fixed, the other from a dyad). The agreement was calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Results The simulation was performed on 35 separate days over two academic years. A total of 106 MSF participants were enrolled. Enrollees included three faculty members, 35 team leaders, 34 peers, 33 ED registered nurses (RN), and one Peds RN; 50% of the enrollees were female (n=53). Mean QSAT scores ranged from 20.7 to 23.4. A fair agreement was demonstrated via ICC; there was no statistically significant difference between sources of MSF. Removing self-evaluation led to the highest ICC. ICC for any single or grouped non-faculty source of MSF was poor. Conclusion Using the QSAT, the findings from this single-site cohort suggest that faculty must be included in MSF. Self-evaluation appears to be of limited value in MSF with the QSAT. The degree of MSF agreement as gathered by the QSAT was lower in this cohort than previously reported for adult simulation cases performed in the simulation lab. This may be due to either the pediatric nature of the case, the location of the simulation, or both.
Observational Study of Thrombotic Events in a Random Cohort of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients at a Community-Based Hospital of New York City During the Beginning of the 2020 Pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose an unprecedented challenge for the entire world and the healthcare system. Different theories have been proposed elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms attributing to high mortality and morbidity in COVID-19 infection. Out of them, thrombosis and procoagulant state have managed to earn the maximum limelight. We conducted an observational study based on data from randomly selected 349 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in a community-based hospital in New York City during the first wave of the COVID-19 viral surge in March 2020. The main objective of our study was to assess the risk and occurrence of thrombotic events (both venous and arterial) among the hospitalized patients including the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU admissions with confirmed COVID-19 infection. The primary outcome in our study was defined as the thrombotic events that included myocardial infarction (MI), deep venous thrombosis (DVT), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), and pulmonary embolism (PE). The study correlated the association of thrombotic events with the level of biomarkers of interest: D-dimer >1000 ng/ml, troponin-I >1 ng/ml, or both. The association of D-dimers and troponin-I with thrombotic events was measured using both univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard (PH) regression analysis. Out of a total of 349 patients, 78 patients (22.35%) were found to have elevated biomarkers (D-dimer >1000 ng/ml and/or troponin-I >1 ng/ml) and were categorized as a high-risk group. Eighty-nine patients developed thrombotic complications (evidence of more than one thrombotic event was found in several patients). Two-hundred seventy-one (77.65%) patients had no documentation of thrombosis. The incidence of thrombotic events included myocardial infarction (MI; N=45; 12.8%), cerebrovascular accidents (CVA; N=16; 4.5%), deep venous thrombosis (DVT; N=16; 4.5%), and pulmonary embolism (PE; N=9; 2.57%).
Mattering: Serving The Whole Student In Online Learning Communities

Location: JC Room C Nancy Schlossberg (1989) introduced the concepts of marginality and mattering as a way to get educators thinking about HOW we involve students on campus, make them feel included, and share with them the capacity for building community and growing as learners. Given the anonymity and social/personal distance that often comes with online coursework, making students feel as though they matter and that they are seen as whole people is critical. As such, adopting a holistic student development model that focuses on the cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal dimensions of our students serves as a blueprint for engagement and community-building. I strive each day to connect students to the content through cognitive approaches, to each other and to me through interpersonal practices and engagement, and to themselves via self-understanding. I believe that students can sense an instructor's care for them and their learning even over the digital divide. In this workshop I aim to engage with participants on core elements of the cognitive, interpersonal, and intrapersonal "whole student" dimensions. Specific examples/curriculum strategies of each dimension that will be discussed are the following: Cognitive: Students as collaborators and feedback partners Interpersonal: Community-building practices and mentoring/connection Intrapersonal: self-reflection and understanding self
13 – Induced Abortion

Focusing on the United States, this chapter provides an overview of abortion services, the reasons women seek induced abortions, and the characteristics of women who obtain abortions. Legal induced abortions in the United States are provided in various health care settings, including hospitals, freestanding surgical centers, abortion clinics, and private physicians' offices. The traditional concentration of abortion facilities in urban areas has become more pronounced in the 1990s. Although a small proportion of planned pregnancies end in induced abortion because of maternal and fetal health problems or changes in the woman's circumstances, it is estimated that most pregnancies ending in induced abortion were unplanned. Most women who responded to Alan Guttmacher Institute's 1987 survey reported that multiple factors contributed to their decision to obtain an abortion. The majority of respondents (76%) reported that having a baby would interfere with work, school, or other responsibilities. Between 1973 and 1995, women obtaining abortions were mostly young, white, unmarried, and of low parity, and most of them had their abortions performed by suction curettage at 12 weeks of gestation or earlier. The characteristics of women obtaining abortions have changed over time; most the of women seeking abortion are 25 years or older, unmarried, nonwhite, and have had one or more live births.
Organometallic Radical Anions

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses electron transfer processes, properties of anion radicals, and alkenyl and alkynyl derivatives. Phenyllithium, n -butyllithium, or benzyllithium reacts with sterically hindered olefins––such as 1,2,3,4-tetraphenyl-butadiene or tetraphenylethylene––to form olefin radical anions. Some interesting electron-transfer reactions of sodium naphthalide have recently been reported. The trimethylsilyl radical produced either rapidly dimerizes or reacts with solvent so that very clean electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of the radical anion––with minimum interactions with the counterion––can be obtained. Alkenyl and alkynyl derivatives of the Group IV elements react readily with alkali metals at low temperatures in donor-type solvents to give radical anions. Triphenyl silane and triphenyl-(1-propenyl)silane undergo coupling at the carbons β to silicon, whereas trimethyl(trans-β-styryl)silane couples at the carbons α to silicon, consistent with the anticipated relative stabilization of the intermediate radical anions. Aryl group IV derivatives are readily reduced in donor solvents, using either alkali metals or electrochemical reduction. The electron-exchange phenomenon is not limited to organometallic radical anions. As methyl groups on silicon are replaced by hydrogen, the electron-withdrawing effect of the silyl substituent increases to the extent that the spin distribution in the p -silyl- N , N -dimethylaniline radical anion approaches that for the p-nitro- N , N -dimethylaniline radical anion.
Architectural implications of core grooming in a 46-node USA optical network

Summary form only given. Analyzing the different implementations for an optical layer in the context of different traffic loads, we observe limited transparency domains: Deg 3+ OEO, offers the most "cost" effective solution for 1+1 protection scheme. Network capacity was reduced by 45% even with a large traffic load of 8 Tb/s (1+1). With optical cross-connects (OXCs) at degree 3 or higher nodes, shared mesh can offer additional savings. The primary impact in capacity savings was due to improved bandwidth utilization of the transport layer indicating that core grooming is a critical component of cost effective and flexible optical network design.
Unique hue loci differ with methodology.

Background: Studies investigating the effect of rods on unique hue loci in the peripheral retina generally obtain measures at two time points associated with the dark adaptation function ― the cone plateau and the rod plateau. In comparison, this study used a color-naming procedure to identify the loci of unique green and unique yellow as a function of time associated with the entire dark adaptation function. The unique hue loci derived by this procedure were then compared to those obtained directly with a staircase procedure. Method: Hue-scaling functions were obtained for monochromatic stimuli for four observers using the '4 + 1' procedure. Data were collected every 4 min following extinction of a bleaching stimulus. These hue-scaling functions were then converted to uniform appearance diagrams (UADs) to derive unique green and unique yellow loci. Unique green and unique yellow loci were also obtained from the same observers via a staircase procedure at 4―9 min post-bleach (minimal rod input) and after 28 min dark adaptation (maximal rod input). Measurements were made in the peripheral retina at 10° temporal retinal eccentricity and at the fovea. Results: Unique green loci derived from UADs are at longer wavelengths compared to those measured directly with the staircase procedure. In addition, unique green loci derived from UADs show a progressive shift to longer wavelengths as time post-bleach increases; whereas, unique green loci obtained from the staircase procedure differ little between the rod-bleach and no-bleach conditions. Unique yellow loci are similar across both experimental procedures. Conclusion: Unique green loci derived from UADs are not the same as those measured with traditional psychophysical procedures. These differences may be due to the different response criteria used by observers in the color-naming and staircase procedures. The unique green loci obtained from UADs indicate that rod signals shift unique green loci to longer wavelengths as time post-bleach increases. More direct methods need to be employed to determine if this rod effect is valid.
Nanoparticle‐based PARACEST agents: the quenching effect of silica nanoparticles on the CEST signal from surface‐conjugated chelates

Silica nanoparticles of average diameter 53 ± 3 nm were prepared using standard water-in-oil microemulsion methods. After conversion of the surface Si–OH groups to amino groups for further conjugation, the PARACEST agent, EuDOTA–(gly)4− was coupled to the amines via one or more side-chain carboxyl groups in an attempt to trap water molecules in the inner-sphere of the complex. Fluorescence and ICP analyses showed that ~1200 Eu3+ complexes were attached to each silica nanoparticle, leaving behind excess protonated amino groups. CEST spectra of the modified silica nanoparticles showed that attachment of the EuDOTA–(gly)4− to the surface of the nanoparticles did not result in a decrease in water exchange kinetics as anticipated, but rather resulted in a complete elimination of the normal Eu3+-bound water exchange peak and broadening of the bulk water signal. This observation was traced to catalysis of proton exchange from the Eu3+-bound water molecule by excess positively charged amino groups on the surface of the nanoparticles. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.