cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Peyronie’s Plaque: Surgical Treatment with the Carbon Dioxide Laser and a Deep Dorsal Vein Patch Graft

AbstractWe describe a procedure for ablation of Peyronie’s plaque using the carbon dioxide laser, which allows one to remove all palpable evidence of plaque while at the same time avoiding the creation of a large defect in the tunica albuginea requiring coverage with a large graft. The plaque is removed by making either a longitudinal or transverse incision in the plaque with a focused carbon dioxide laser beam from a hand held probe, and evaporating the plaque substance from the undersurface by tangentially directing the laser beam. It is possible to remove large dystrophic calcifications from within the plaque and to augment the repair in the area of greatest curvature using the deep dorsal vein as a patch graft. In cases of narrow plaques relaxation incisions and venous patch grafting alone are usually sufficient to correct the deformity. Our experience with 12 patients is summarized and 2 cases are reported in detail to illustrate the versatility of the procedure.
120 Mb/s and 240 Mb/s Bit Synchronizer-Signal Conditioners for NASA High Data Rate Applications

Two bit synchronizer-signal conditioners (BSSC) developed for NASA high data rate applications such as earth resources monitoring are described. One BSSC is centered at 120 MB/s and the other at 240 Mb/s. These subsystems are featured out of the total hardware developed because the BSSC is such a key subsystem in determining overall system statistical performance. These units represent an evolution of high data rate BSSC's available at low data rates. Numerous inputs/outputs, control functions, indicators, plus the ability to minimize the effects of various signal perturbations are provided. Examples of allowed perturbations are input level variations, bit rate variance static and dynamic, baseline, transition density, bandlimiting, etc., as well as noise. Emphasis in the past has been primarily concerned only with noise.
Cerebellar Grafting and the Recovery of Function

Evidence for functional recovery after cerebellar transplantation has been obtained in the pcd mouse model of hereditary cerebellar ataxia.1–4 Grafts of embryonic day 11–12 (E11–E12) cerebellar cell suspensions were placed bilaterally into the deep cerebellar nuclei of the host mutants, according to the protocol that places emphasis on reconstructing the corticonuclear γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic projection.5 Vehicle-injected pcd homozygotes were used as controls in the behavioral studies. Animals were tested in a battery of motor tasks six weeks postoperatively to determine the recovery of behavioral responses. Surviving Purkinje cells immunoreactive for 28 kDa Ca2+-binding protein (CaBP) were found in all graft-recipient animals. Counts of CaBP-immunoreactive neurons in histochemical preparations of the transplanted cerebella, combined over both sides, yielded numbers in the range of 1000–6500 surviving Purkinje cells per animal, with a 2865 cell average.2
Aquatic CAM Photosynthesis

CAM photosynthesis in an aquatic plant was first suggested by the observation of marked diel (24 h) changes in malic acid in photosynthetic tissues, but not in nonphotosynthetic tissues, of Isoetes howellii (Lycophyta: Isoetaceae) (Keeley 1981). At the time everyone “knew” that CAM was an adaptation for increasing water-use efficiency in xeric adapted plants, and thus there was some reluctance to accepting the notion of an aquatic CAM plant. Phrases such as “CAM-like” or “aquatic acid metabolism (AAM)” were coined to avoid this apparent paradox (Cockburn 1983).
Modeling Geological Storage of Carbon Dioxide with a Focus on Leakage Risk Assessment

Carbon Capture and Storage, or CCS, is a technology that involves capture of CO2 from large point sources and subsequent injection of the captured CO2 into deep geological formations. This technology has the potential to contribute substantially to carbon mitigation efforts. CCS is the only existing technology that allows continued use of fossil fuels while simultaneously addressing the carbon problem.
Integrating Sociological Perspectives into Obesogenic Research: Associations between Air Pollution Exposure and Obesity Prevalence across U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas:

Obesogenic theories suggests that obesity risk can be influenced by exposure to toxic chemicals present in built and natural environments. Although physical scientists have been on the forefront of...
“A room of our own”: farewell comments on editing the journal of children and media

The Journal of Children and Media (JOCAM) was conceived in 2004 while walking along Liberty Bay, WA in the United States. Peter, my spouse, and I were spending our sabbatical nearby in the quaint v...
Plant invader alters soil food web via changes to fungal resources

While aboveground impacts of invasive plants are well documented, their influence on soil food webs remains less understood. Previous research has revealed that bottom-up forces are widespread in soil food webs of woodlands. Thus, an invasive plant that negatively impacts the base of the food web will likely decrease primary consumers as well as their predators. We examined how a North American plant invader, garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), affects arthropod primary (springtails and oribatid mites) and secondary (predaceous mites) consumers of the soil food web via changes to fungal resources. We measured the abundances of plants, soil fungi, fungivores, and predators in garlic mustard-invaded and uninvaded 1-m2 plots in five Midwestern USA woodlands. We then conducted a mesocosm (0.25-m2 plots) experiment to tease apart the direct and indirect effects of garlic mustard by manipulating plant identity (garlic mustard vs. native plant), soil history (invaded vs. uninvaded), and fungicide application (fungicide vs. no fungicide). Our first study revealed that plots without garlic mustard had 2.8 and 1.4 × more fungi and fungivores, respectively. Predator densities did not differ. Fungal composition and structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed the garlic mustard effects on fungivores were correlated with fungal declines. The mesocosm experiment confirmed that the impacts were indirect, as fungicide plots harbored similar fungivore densities, whereas fungivore densities differed according to plant identity and soil history in the fungicide-free plots. Our results reveal that by altering soil fungal abundance, an invasive plant can indirectly affect primary consumers in soil food webs, but this indirect effect does not influence predators.
Excessive Revenue Underforecasting: Evidence and Implications from New York City’s Property Tax

Scholars have consistently found that governments intentionally underforecast revenue, a practice often defended on the grounds that it is created as a hedge against unanticipated revenue losses. Other scholars, though, have noted that variances in the revenue forecast are impounded into future budget levels, a process known as ratcheting. If underforecasting is prudent but has pernicious side effects, it stands to reason that at some point underforecasting will be excessive to the median voter. If underforecasting is excessive and intentional, it would be an instance of fiscal obfuscation, a concept recently given a formal definition as a particular type of fiscal illusion. Because of fiscal obfuscation, the true cost of the forecast error (an increase in tax levels) is not observable to the median voter. This chapter explores the forecasting dynamics of New York City’s property tax in order to demonstrate the tax is excessively and intentionally underforecasted by the mayor’s budgeting agency.
Intercell Transformer (ICT) Design Optimization and Interphase Crosstalk Mitigation of a 100-kW SiC Filter-Less Grid-Connected PV String Inverter

Increasing the specific power and efficiency of a power converter has been the forever-lasting task for power electronics engineers. With the Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor devices, new opportunities and challenges have been found. In this article, a 100-kW SiC grid-connected Photovoltaic (PV) string inverter is proposed. This SiC inverter is free of a grid interface filter, the size, weight, and cost of magnetic components are therefore reduced. In addition, to further achieve high power density high efficiency at 100kW, design aspects including closed-form equation to avoid overdesign passive components, ICT design optimization, and interphase crosstalk mitigation with high switching frequency have been presented. A 100-kW three-phase two-stage prototype has been built in the laboratory, which achieves a specific power of 5 kW/kg, measured peak efficiency of 99.5%, and California Energy Commission (CEC) efficiency of 99.2%.
A review of computational approaches for evaluation of rehabilitation exercises

Abstract Recent advances in data analytics and computer-aided diagnostics stimulate the vision of patient-centric precision healthcare, where treatment plans are customized based on the health records and needs of every patient. In physical rehabilitation, the progress in machine learning and the advent of affordable and reliable motion capture sensors have been conducive to the development of approaches for automated assessment of patient performance and progress toward functional recovery. The presented study reviews computational approaches for evaluating patient performance in rehabilitation programs using motion capture systems. Such approaches will play an important role in supplementing traditional rehabilitation assessment performed by trained clinicians, and in assisting patients participating in home-based rehabilitation. The reviewed computational methods for exercise evaluation are grouped into three main categories: discrete movement score, rule-based, and template-based approaches. The review places an emphasis on the application of machine learning methods for movement evaluation in rehabilitation. Related work in the literature on data representation, feature engineering, movement segmentation, and scoring functions is presented. The study also reviews existing sensors for capturing rehabilitation movements and provides an informative listing of pertinent benchmark datasets. The significance of this paper is in being the first to provide a comprehensive review of computational methods for evaluation of patient performance in rehabilitation programs.
Chapter 7 – ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE

Publisher Summary Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the process where species generated at electrodes undergo electron-transfer reactions to form excited states that emit light. This chapter outlines the principles, history, applications, advantages, limitations, and possibilities for improving the performance of this technology. Electrochemiluminescence is a means of converting electrical energy into light (radiative energy). It involves the production of reactive intermediates from stable precursors at the surface of an electrode. These intermediates then react under a variety of conditions to form excited states that emit light. Traditionally, ECL was generated via annihilation, where the electrontransfer reaction is between an oxidized and a reduced species, both of which are generated at an electrode by alternate pulsing of the electrode potential. Electrochemiluminescence can also be generated in a single potential step utilizing a coreactant. Coreactant ECL has been used in a wide range of analytical applications including clinical diagnostics, chromatography, food and water testing, and biowarfare agent detection. ECL can also be used in the analysis of various species. Furthermore, electrochemiluminescence has also been used to monitor enzymatic reactions. ECL labels have distinct advantages over detection methods as they are sensitive, nonhazardous, inexpensive, diagnostic of the presence of a particular label, linear over a wide range, and incorporate simple and relatively inexpensive equipment.
How Human Head Transplantation Could Alter the Legal Definition of Death

In 2013, Surgical Neurology International published a protocol for the GEMINI procedure, the world’s first human head transplant surgery. With the assumption that head transplants are possible in the future, we introduce a legal thought experiment that calls the current criteria of death under the United States UDDA into question. Utilizing case law and examples of contemporary medical interventions, we analyze how neurological and circulatory systems can be reversed and challenge the UDDA criteria of death. We favor the definition of death that includes the irreversibility of the brain and brainstem, but recommend the Uniform Law Commission strike irreversible respiratory and circulatory functions as indicators of death. We also recommend that a congressional bill should be proposed for the definition of death, allowing Article Six to supersede the current legal landscape.
An Analysis of Outcomes After Transition From Open to Minimally Invasive Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy.

Background The morbidity and mortality remain relatively high for transthoracic esophagectomy with open thoracotomy. We compared a total laparoscopic and thoracoscopic minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (M-ILE) cohort with a propensity score–weighted cohort of open Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (O-ILE) cases. Methods This is a retrospective review of 259 patients diagnosed with esophageal carcinoma who underwent M-ILE (n = 173) or O-ILE (n = 86) from April 2009 to March 2019. The postoperative morbidity and mortality were reported for each group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) adjustment was used to balance the baseline characteristics between study groups. Recurrence-free and overall survival rates were compared on an intention-to-treat basis. Results The IPTW cohort included 249 patients with esophageal carcinoma who underwent M-ILE (n = 163) or O-ILE (n = 86). The overall rate of postoperative adverse events was significantly higher after IPTW adjustment in the O-ILE group (54.2% vs 39.02%; P = .039). The median hospital length of stay was 8.0 (interquartile range, 7.0-9.0) days for the M-ILE group compared with 10.0 (interquartile range, 8.0-14.0) days for the O-ILE group (P Conclusions The M-ILE approach demonstrated short-term clinical outcomes that were superior to O-ILE at our institution. The survival rate and recurrence-free survival rate for M-ILE were not significantly different from O-ILE for esophageal carcinoma.
A comparison of inventory policies for perishable goods

Abstract Past research on inventory management of perishables introduced models in which demand is sensitive to the age of the product. For such models, we prove that a fixed-order quantity policy is optimal under certain conditions and show that its expected cost is closer to optimal than that of the base-stock level policy when there is demand for units of all ages. We also show numerically when substituting older products to fulfill the demand for new (or vice versa) is beneficial.
Gestational weight gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes by pre-pregnancy BMI category in women with chronic hypertension: A cohort study

Abstract Objectives It is important to understand relationships of gestational weight gain with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic hypertension, given their high baseline risk of adverse outcomes. We assessed associations of gestational weight gain with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic hypertension by pre-pregnancy body mass index categories. Study design We identified 14,369 women with chronic hypertension using electronic health records from 3 integrated health care delivery systems (2005–2014). Gestational weight gain-for-gestational age charts were used to calculate gestational weight gain z-scores, which account for gestational age. Modified Poisson regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to calculate relative risks and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for sociodemographic and medical characteristics. Main outcome measurements Preeclampsia, preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, neonatal intensive care unit admission, birthweight (extracted from the electronic health record). Results In women with normal weight or overweight, low gestational weight gain (z-score 1) was associated with 40–90% greater risk of preeclampsia and 59–113% greater risk of large-for-gestational age birthweight. In women with obesity, low gestational weight gain was associated with 27–54% lower risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia and cesarean delivery. Conclusions In women with chronic hypertension and normal weight or overweight, moderate gestational weight gain may confer the lowest risk of adverse outcomes. In women with chronic hypertension and obesity, low gestational weight gain may be necessary for the lowest risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Analyzing children’s computational thinking through embodied interaction with technology: a multimodal perspective

The purpose of this paper is twofold. We first present a methodological framework for the analysis of embodied interaction with technology captured through video recording. The framework brings together a social semiotic approach to multimodality with the philosophical and theoretical roots of embodied cognition. We then demonstrate the application of the framework by exploring how the computational thinking of two fifth grade learners emerged as an embodied phenomenon during an educational robotics activity. The findings suggest that, for young children, computational thinking was extended to include the structures in the environment and guided by their embodiment of mathematical concepts. Specifically, the participants repeatedly used their bodies to simulate different possibilities for action while incorporating both perceptual and formal multiplicative reasoning strategies to conceptualize the robot’s movements. Implications for the design of embodied educational robotics activities and future application of the methodological framework are discussed.
Alternate Mitochondrial Pathways Compensate for Loss of LC3-Mediated Mitophagy

Mitochondria are critical metabolic and signaling hubs and dysregulated mitochondrial homeostasis is implicated in many diseases. Degradation of damaged mitochondria by selective GABARAP/LC3-dependent macro-autophagy (mitophagy) is critical for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. To identify alternate forms of mitochondrial quality control that functionally compensate if mitophagy is inactive, we selected for autophagy-dependent cancer cells that survived loss of LC3-dependent autophagosome formation caused by inactivation of ATG7 or RB1CC1/FIP200. We discovered rare surviving autophagy-deficient clones that adapted to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis after gene inactivation and identified two co-opted mechanisms including enhanced mitochondrial dynamics and enhanced mitochondrial derived vesicles (MDVs). To further understand the mechanism behind MDV formation, we utilized a novel technique to quantify MDVs via flow cytometry and confirmed an SNX9-mediated mechanism necessary for flux of MDVs to lysosomes. We show that the autophagy-dependent cells acquire novel dependencies on these processes, indicating that these alternate forms of mitochondrial homeostasis compensate for loss of autophagy to maintain mitochondrial health.
Laparoscopy in Llamas and Alpacas

Accurate differentiation of medical and surgical lesions in the abdomen of camelids often is difficult because of their stoic nature. Peritoneal fluid samples are difficult to obtain and changes in peritoneal fluid constituents may not be specific to surgical or medical conditions. Laparoscopy may provide a rapid method for examination of the abdomen with reduced morbidity compared to that for exploratory celiotomy. Routine laparoscopy for evaluation of reproductive structures in llamas and alpacas appears to be a safe procedure; however, systemic effects of laparoscopy have not been objectively evaluated. Surgical approach for laparoscopy and laparoscopic anatomy have been described in cattle, horses, and llamas. Abdominal anatomy in camelids is markedly different from horses and cattle. In the context of this article, the term "camelid" is used to refer to procedures equally applicable to llamas and alpacas. When specific differences are notable, the term llama or alpaca is used.
Size-Dependent Filtration Efficiency of Alternative Facemask Filter Materials.

The use of facemasks is proven to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus and other biological agents that cause disease. Various forms of facemasks, made using different materials, are being used extensively, and it is important to determine their performance characteristics. The size-dependent filtration efficiency and breathing resistance of household sterilization wrap fabrics, and isolation media (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)- and non-ASTM-rated), were measured in filter-holder- and mannequin-in-chamber-based systems, focusing on particles sizes between 20 nm and 2 μm. Double-layer MERV-14 (Minimum Efficiency Reporting Values with rating 14) showed the highest filtration efficiency (94.9–73.3%) amongst household filter media, whereas ASTM-rated isolation masks showed the highest filtration efficiencies (95.6–88.7) amongst all the masks considered. Filtration efficiency of 3D-printed masks with replaceable filter media was found to depend on the degree of sealing around the media holder, which depended on the material’s compressibility. Filtration efficiencies of triple-layer combinations (95.8–85.3%) follow a profile similar to single layers but with improved filtration efficiencies.
TREATMENT VERSUS SECURITY ADVERSARIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TREATMENT FACILITATORS AND CORRECTIONAL OFFICERS

Abstract The traditional “custodial” goal of correctional institutions is often seen as antithetical to the rehabilitative “treatment” goal of inmate programs. This paper reports on interviews that probed the interaction between treatment program staff and the custodial staff of a promising institutional substance abuse treatment program. The interviews suggest that the differing goals of the two factions and their problems in communication facilitated an adversarial “we versus them” relationship, a conclusion that was not altogether unexpected. A number of recommendations aimed at improving intergroup relations, most of which were suggested by the participants, are presented.
A Comparison of Anisole and Formanilide Binding to Chymotrypsin by Potentiometric Difference Titrimetry

Abstract The protons released or taken up by α-chymotrypsin when it binds anisole or formanilide have been measured over the pH range 3.0 to 9.5 at 20°. The data have been analyzed to yield the pK shifts responsible for the observations. In a mixture of 0.1 m KCl and 0.02 m CaCl2, anisole binding causes the pK shifts 6.7 to 6.4 and 8.6 to 9.1, and formanilide binding causes the shifts 5.3 to 5.0 and 8.8 to 9.5. In 2 m urea, 0.1 m KCl, and 0.02 m CaCl2, anisole binding causes the pK shifts 7.3 to 7.2 and 8.7 to 9.0, and formanilide binding causes the shift 8.8 to 9.3. In 4 m urea, 0.1 m KCl, and 0.02 m CaCl2, anisole binding causes the pK shift 8.9 to 9.4, and formanilide binding causes the shift 8.7 to 8.9. In 2 m KF, anisole binding causes the pK shift 9.4 to 11.2, and formanilide binding causes the shift 9.2 to 10.1. In 0.25 m NaClO4, anisole binding causes the pK shifts 7.3 to 6.8 and 8.4 to 9.1, and formanilide binding causes no shifts. The data are interpreted as supporting, in part, the hypothesis that anisole binding induces in the enzyme a binding site and a catalytic site.
Advanced Techniques and Algorithms for Reservoir Simulation, II: The Multiblock Approach in the Integrated Parallel Accurate Reservoir Simulator (IPARS)

A parallel computational portal IPARS for modeling multi-phase, multiphysics flow in porous media has been developed. IPARS allows coupling of different domains and models using either a mortar or dual formulation.
The Tenacity of the Intentional Prior to the Genealogy

I have argued elsewhere that the psychological aspects of Nietzsche’s later works are best understood from a psychodynamic point of view. Nietzsche holds a view I dubbed the tenacity of the intentional (T): When an intentional state loses its object, a new object replaces the original; the state does not disappear entirely. In this article I amend and clarify T to T``: When an intentional state with a subpropositional object loses its object, the affective component of the state persists without a corresponding object, and that affect will generally be redeployed in a state with a distinct object. I then trace the development of the tenacity thesis through Nietzsche’s early and middle works. Along the way, I discuss a number of related topics, including the scope of the tenacity thesis (does it apply to all intentional states?), the reflexive turn one often finds in Nietzsche’s examples (why does he so often say the new object is oneself?), and the relations among will to power, drives, and the tenacity of the intentional. Any tolerably pleasing young woman who had listened and seemed to feel for him would have received the same compliment. He had an affectionate heart. He must love somebody. —Jane Austen, Persuasion , chap. 18 I was angry with my friend: I told my wrath, my wrath did end. I was angry with my foe: I told it not, my wrath did grow. —William Blake, “A Poison Tree”
LEITURA E TEXTO LITERÁRIO NA ESCOLA: LITERATURA INFANTIL EM QUESTÃO

Este ensaio procura apontar de modo objetivo o contexto de ensino de leitura da literatura, discutindo relacoes entre leitura, literatura e escola. Destaca o texto literario poetico e o ensino de poesia na escola assim como o cruzamento entre representacao da infância e literatura. O estudo sublinha a necessidade de fazer do ato de leitura na escola nao so uma atividade para a interpretacao do mundo e para a humanizacao, mas tambem para a percepcao do elemento ludico do texto, a identificacao entre texto e leitor e o alargamento da capacidade inventiva do discente.
"Estudiar el estado" en State in Society: Studying How States and Societies Transform and Constitute One Another, Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001

Over the course of the twentieth century, comparative political scientists’ core questions have changed very little. From Weber and Gramsci to Almond, Verba and Skocpol, their concerns have centred on why people obey and on what sorts of structures and cultures facilitates obedience and conformist behaviour. The elements that political scientists have singled out for investigation as the key to understanding obedience and conformity have included the usual suspects: parliaments, Bureaucracies, governmental leadership, courts and law, and police and military. These form the constituent part and parameters of that complex and somewhat elusive structure called the modern state —the mountain that all political scientists sooner or later must climb.
Vitamin D augments house dust mite-mediated Th2 responses in human pulmonary dendritic cells (HYP6P.267)

Low serum levels of vitamin D (VD3) have been implicated in multiple immune disorders including atopic asthma. Other studies have shown that VD3 promotes monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MDDC) differentiation into tolerogenic DCs, which in turn induce regulatory T cells. However, we have found that VD3 actually augments allergen-induced Th2 cytokines. Specifically, cells isolated from human lung draining lymph nodes produced more IL-13 when treated with a combination of VD3 and the common allergen house dust mite (HDM) than either treatment alone. Similarly, when peripheral blood-derived MDDCs were co-treated with VD3 and HDM, these cells were able to induce less IFNγ, but more IL-4, from allogeneic CD4 T cells in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. In both MDDCs and pulmonary DCs, co-treatment with VitD and HDM led to a phenotype distinct from either treatment alone, as the DCs expressed both the stimulatory molecules HLA-DR and CD86 as well as the VD3-induced molecule thrombomodulin (CD141). Additionally, while the inhibitory receptors ILT3 and ILT4 are induced in MDDCs by VD3, we found that HDM was able to block this induction. Interestingly, the ILT4 ligand HLA-G was increased in this population. Future studies will explore the role of DC-expressed HLA-G and its receptors on DC function. Together, these data indicate that while VD3 may induce markers of tolerance, common allergens abrogate this response in DCs to augment the induction of a Th2 response.
Retrospective Review of Patients with Sciatic Nerve Palsy after Total Joint Arthoplasty (P7.116)

OBJECTIVE: To compare predisposing factors of patients with sciatic nerve palsy after total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus total knee arthroplasty (TKA). BACKGROUND: Sciatic nerve palsy is a well described complication of both THA and TKA with incidence ranging from 0.08% to 7.6% after THA and 0.3% to 1.3% after TKA. There have been multiple reported predisposing factors although no single risk factor has been identified and some patients develop sciatic nerve palsy with no known risk factors. DESIGN/METHODS: HSS performs almost twice the number of THRs and TKRs performed at any other U.S. hospital yearly. We retrospectively identified 38 patients who underwent THA and 22 patients who underwent TKA and were diagnosed with a motor deficit while still inpatient as identified by ICD-9 code at the Hospital for Special Surgery between 2007 and 2012. The charts were reviewed and data was recorded in an original data base. We compared various predisposing factors between the two groups. RESULTS: The use of cement was significantly associated with a sciatic nerve palsy in the TKA patients (18/21 TKA patients versus 11/36 THA patients, p<0.001). The continued use of an epidural PCA on post-operative day 2 was associated with sciatic nerve palsy in the TKA patients (9/22 TKA patients versus 5/38 THA patients, p<0.05). Females predominated in both groups. There was no difference between the groups in age, BMI, history of neuropathy, blood loss, type of anesthesia used during surgery, use of an epidural PCA on POD 1, and whether a hematoma was seen on imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Many factors thought to be associated with sciatic nerve palsy after total joint arthroplasty are similar between THA and TKA. However, cement use and continued use of an epidural PCA on POD 2 was significantly associated with more sciatic nerve palsy in TKA patients. Further chart analysis as well as the identification of a control group is underway to further determine risk factor differences. Disclosure: Dr. Shetty has nothing to disclose. Dr. Manning has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cummings has nothing to disclose. Dr. Villegas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Voigt has nothing to disclose. Dr. Singer has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose.
Effect of inspired CO2 on ventilation and perfusion heterogeneity in hyperventilated dogs.

We studied the effect of inspired CO2 on ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) heterogeneity in dogs hyperventilated under two different tidal volume (VT) and respiratory rate conditions with the use of the...
Learning about tool categories via eavesdropping.

Prior research has found that toddlers will form enduring artifact categories after direct exposure to an adult using a novel tool. Four studies explored whether 2- (N = 48) and 3-year-olds (N = 32) demonstrate this same capacity when learning by eavesdropping. After surreptitiously observing an adult use 1 of 2 artifacts to operate a bell via a monitor, 3-year-olds returned to the demonstrated kind of tool as “for” the task and avoided it for an alternative task over 2 days. Two-year-olds performed similarly after eavesdropping on someone with more discriminable artifacts via the method of a window rather than a monitor. These results demonstrate that toddlers can acquire enduring artifact categories after less than 40 s of surreptitious observation.
CCK Elicits and Modulates Vagal Afferent Activity Arising from Gastric and Duodenal Sites

We have begun to identify and characterize the locations and response profiles of vagal afferent fibers sensitive to CCK in the rat upper gastrointestinal tract. We found gastric and duodenal vagal afferent fibers that respond to CCK and to intraluminal loads. CCK both sensitizes and amplifies the response to loads in these fibers but may do so through separate transduction mechanisms. Thus, meal-related signals arising from the presence of gastroduodenal loads and the release of endogenous CCK can be integrated at the level of the peripheral afferent vagus nerve. These findings are consistent with behavioral results, demonstrating that combinations of gastric loads and exogenous CCK are more effective in suppressing food intake than is either stimulus presented alone. Our findings that both gastric and duodenal vagal afferent fibers are sensitive to CCK suggest that meal-related CCK may act at a range of peripheral neural sites linking the upper gastrointestinal tract to the central nervous system substrates underlying the control of food intake. The mode of activation of gastric vagal afferent by endogenously released CCK may be an endocrine action of intestinally derived CCK. Alternatively, the novel finding of duodenal load-sensitive vagal afferents close to a site of CCK release provides a potential for local paracrine actions of endogenous CCK in the mediation of satiety.
Capitalist spirits and connection to place

In this paper I examine the connections between an animating capitalist spirit as articulated by Virgil Storr in Understanding the Culture of Markets and the physical places in which those animating spirits are generated, reinforced, and sometimes intentionally cultivated.
Bayes estimation of the binomial parameter n

Bayes estimation of the binomial parameter n based on a general prior distribution for n is studied. As special cases improper prior and Poisson prior (which is a natural choice) are considered, and formulae for the marginal and posterior distributions are obtained. It is shown that the assumption of improper priors in both p and n leads to implausible results.
Observations on the construction of covers using permutation voltage assignments

In the usual treatment of covering spaces, the algebraic object associated with a cover is a conjugacy class of subgroups of the fundamental group of the target space. For finite degree covers, one could as easily choose the algebraic object to be a class of homomorphisms from the fundamental group of the target space to the symmetric group on n letters, where n is the degree of the cover. A description of the representation of covering spaces is given in this paper. Then the permutation voltage assignment used in the permutation voltage construction of graph and surface covers described in [6] is viewed as a means of defining one such homomorphism. Using this view, methods are given for counting the number of connected components in the constructed cover and for determining the orientability of the surface cover. In addition, it is observed that every branched surface cover can be constructed by permutation voltage assignments.
Parenthood, Childlessness, and Well-Being: A Life Course Perspective.

This article reviews recent research (1999 – 2009) on the effects of parenthood on wellbeing. We use a life course framework to consider how parenting and childlessness influence well-being throughout the adult life course. We place particular emphasis on social contexts and how the impact of parenthood on well-being depends on marital status, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. We also consider how recent demographic shifts lead to new family arrangements that have implications for parenthood and well-being. These include stepparenting, parenting of grandchildren, and childlessness across the life course.
An application of the Gibbs' adsorption theory to films at oil-water interfaces

Abstract From interfacial tension measurements of the system water-benzene + third component, viz., an alcohol, fatty acid, or ester, together with the necessary freezing point depression data, calculations have been made of the surface concentrations of the third component. It is shown that the assumptions necessary to calculate these concentrations, depending on the extra-thermodynamic interpretation of surface film structure, affect very considerably the numerical values of the surface concentrations.
Preparation of yttrium–iron-garnet nanocrystals dispersed in nanosize-pore glass

Abstract Amorphous yttrium–iron-garnet (YIG) nanoparticles were dispersed in kerosene solvent and these colloids were introduced into the nanosize pores of controlled pore glass (CPG). After heat treatment, a YIG nanocrystal-dispersed glass was obtained and observed by electron microscopy. The compounds prepared with different pore size CPG under different heat treatment conditions were identified by X-ray diffraction. For samples with a 292-nm-pore-size CPG matrix which were calcined for 2 h, only YIG was observed up to a 800°C calcination temperature. However, at a heat treatment of 2 h at 900°C, the YIG particles decomposed and many kinds of iron and yttrium silicate compounds were formed. In a 16 h treatment at 675°C, yttrium silicate was also prepared besides YIG. On the other hand, only YIG nanocrystals formed when a rapid temperature rise up to 890°C was followed by immediate cooling. It was also found that iron and yttrium silicates decomposed and iron oxide and yttrium oxide formed by high-temperature treatment at 1200°C. A very rare iron oxide e-Fe2O3 was also found in some samples.
Pheromone action regulates G-protein alpha-subunit myristoylation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract Myristic acid (C14:0) is added to the N-terminal glycine residue of the alpha subunits of certain receptor-coupled guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins). The G alpha subunit (GPA1 gene product) coupled to yeast pheromone receptors exists as a pool of both myristoylated and unmyristolyated species. After treatment of MATa cells with alpha factor, the myristoylated form of Gpa1p increases dramatically, and the unmyristoylated form decreases concomitantly. This pheromone-stimulated shift depends on the function of STE2 (alpha-factor receptor), STE11 (a protein kinase in the response pathway), and NMT1 (myristoyl-CoA:protein N-myristoyltransferase) genes and uses the existing pool of fatty acids (is not blocked by cerulenin). Myristoylated Gpa1p persists long after pheromone is removed. Because myristoylation is essential for proper G alpha-G beta gamma association and receptor coupling, pheromone-dependent stimulation of Gpa1p myristoylation may be an important contributing factor in adaptation after signal transmission.
Transfer ribonucleic acids from eleven immunoglobulin- -secreting mouse plasmacytomas. Constant and variable chromatographic profiles compared with the myeloma protein sequences.

Abstract In order to test the concepts that aminoacyl-tRNAs in plasmacytomas may on the one hand modulate the protein synthesized or on the other hand reflect the structure of the synthesized protein, the RPC-5 chromatographic profiles of aminoacyl-tRNAs for all 20 amino acids were studied in tRNA prepared from normal mouse liver and 11 plasmacytomas. The patterns of isoaccepting tRNA were compared with the structure of the myeloma protein being synthesized. The elution profiles of aminoacyl-tRNAs for nine of the amino acids were constant, i.e. they were the same for liver and all plasmacytomas. Significant variability was observed in the profiles of the other 11 families of aminoacyl-tRNAs: asparagine, serine and tryptophan, had peaks of isoaccepting tRNAs found in tumors and not in liver; glutamic acid, histidine and lysine, had different patterns of aminoacyl-tRNAs in plasmacytomas which could be distinguished from the elution profile of liver; and isoleucine, proline, threonine and tyrosine, showed pattern variability in only a few of the tumors. Valyl-tRNA uniquely had one isoacceptor present in liver but absent in the tumors. This variability is thought to be associated with different posttranscriptional modification of the tRNAs rather than regulation of individual tRNA genes in response to particular amino acid sequences in secreted myeloma proteins. Similarily, the lack of correlation of isoacceptors with sequence differences makes the modulation of protein fine structure by tRNA availability unlikely.
The solubilization of an aliphatic hydroxyoxime by dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid reversed micelles

Abstract Vapor pressure osmometry (VPO) was used to investigate the aggregation behavior of dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid (HDNNS), 5,8-diethyl-7-hydroxy-6-dodecanone oxime (HL, the active reagent in the commercial metal extractant LIX63), and their mixtures in hexane at 37°C. The results indicate that HDNNS is present as a heptamer in the concentration range of 1.0×10 −3 −1.5×10 −1 mol dm −3 . In the case of the hydroxyoxime, the aggregation yields a mixture of monomers, dimers and trimers for the reagent range of 1.25×10 −3 −1.0×10 −1 mol dm −3 . In a hexane solution containing 1.O×10 −2 mol dm −3 HL and variable concentrations of HDNNS, the VPO data suggest that HDNNS reversed micelles solubilize the hydroxyoxime to give mixed reversed micelles, which may be represented as (HDNNS) 7 · s HL, where 7 ⩾ s ⩾ 0.6 for 2×10 −3 mol dm −3 ⩽ [HDNNS] T ⩽ 1.5×10 −1 mol dm −3 .
The dynamic stability of a uniform straight column excited by a pulsating load

Abstract The parametrically excited transverse oscillations of a uniform straight column whose ends are pinned are investigated. The ends of the column are considered to be subjected to a pulsating load whose time graph is a square wave. By the use of matrix algebra, an expression giving the regions of instability is obtained. The effects of more general boundary conditions are studied and a nonlinear differential equation to account for the limitation of the amplitude of the oscillations is developed.
Estimation of land vehicle roll and pitch angles

In this article, two kinematics-based observers are proposed to estimate the vehicle roll and pitch angles by using an inertial measurement unit. The observers are mathematically proven to be stable if the vehicle yaw rate is not zero. With a design variation of the observer gains, the estimated roll or pitch angle is shown to further asymptotically converge to the true value, eliminating possible errors caused by the biases of the acceleration signals. Simulation results show that accurate estimation of both pitch and roll angles can be achieved without the help of external sensors such as global positioning systems, either by using the accelerometer-based reference pitch or roll angle as the maneuver varies, or by using an observer with zero steady-state error property.
The operator-valued Feynman-Kac formula with noncommutative operators☆

Let X(t) be a right-continuous Markov process with state space E whose expectation semigroup S(t), given by S(t) φ(x) = Ex[φ(X(t))] for functions φ mapping E into a Banach space L, has the infinitesimal generator A. For each x ϵ E, let V(x) generate a strongly continuous semigroup Tx(t) on L. An operator-valued Feynman-Kac formula is developed and solutions of the initial value problem ∂u∂t = Au + V(x)u, u(0) = φ are obtained. Fewer conditions are assumed than in known results; in particular, the semigroups {Tx(t)} need not commute, nor must they be contractions. Evolution equation theory is used to develop a multiplicative operative functional and the corresponding expectation semigroup has the infinitesimal generator A + V(x) on a restriction of the domain of A.
Radiotherapy for isolated serum prostate specific antigen elevation after prostatectomy for prostate cancer.

Purpose: Elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) may be the initial and only indication of disease recurrence after prostatectomy for prostate cancer. External beam radiotherapy may be given...
Non-clottable, protamine sulfate precipitable protein of blood. Studies on its in vitro generation and incorporation into the fibrin clot

Abstract Protamine sulfate (PS) was shown to precipitate a plasma protein which is thrombin unclottable, contains only 2.2% of fibrinogen-related antigen, but becomes incorporated into the fibrin clot. Experiments with a PS precipitable protein fraction isolated from plasma showed that as much as 40% of the fibrin clot protein could be composed of the PS precipitable fraction rather than fibrin itself. Incubation at 37° C for 24 hours of blood from normal subjects resulted in a doubling of the volume of PS precipitable material as well as a slight increase in fibrin clot protein. The presence of intact red cells was found to be necessary for the observed in vitro generation phenomenon. Blood from patients with active arterial disease contained significantly higher baseline levels of PS precipitable protein than normal subjects. It is speculated that a portion of fibrin clot protein in certain diseases may represent PS precipitable protein rather than fibrinogen.
Surface Degradation of Ductile Metal in Elevated Temperature Gas-Particle Streams

The mechanisms and rates of erosion and combined erosion-corrosion of 9CrlMo steel and 310SS at elevated temperatures were investigated to better understand the behavior of piping steels in fluidized bed combustor environments. Tests were performed in a partially inert gas atmosphere to study erosion behavior and in an air atmosphere to study combined erosion-corrosion behavior. It was determined that the erosion rate remained constant or decreased with temperature in nitrogen until a temperature was reached at which the tensile strength v.s. temperature curve of the alloy markedly changed its negative slope. Above this temperature the erosion rate increased rapidly with temperature. In an erosion-corrosion environment corrosion was the dominant mechanism at all test conditions. At higher temperatures and velocities the material loss mechanism changed from low loss rate chipping of the scale to high loss rate periodic spalling. The continuous scale formed on 9CrlMo steel in air appeared to protect the metal surface, decreasing its loss rate in ..cap alpha..=30/sup 0/ tests compared to that of 310SS tested at the same conditions in nitrogen where a continuous scale did not form.
Validating an Instrument for Assessing Workforce Collaboration

The community college has always played an integral role in job training but never more so than following the 1998 Workforce Investment Act (WIA) that significantly increased the community colleges' opportunity to join with others in the provision of job training services. With this, however, came demand for high levels of collaboration between the state's community colleges and Workforce Investment Network (WIN) Job Centers, as WIA-mandated partnering agencies. In this study, an instrument developed by Mattessich and Monsey (1992) for measuring inter-agency collaboration was used in surveying community college personnel and WIN Job Center personnel. There were two major goals of this research effort, the first of which was the validation of the instrument, the Wilder Collaboration Factor Inventory. The second goal was to determine the level of collaboration between Mississippi's 15 community colleges and the Mississippi Department of Employment Security's 45 comprehensive WIN Job Centers. The results of ...