cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
How pressure buildup and CO2 migration can both constrain storage capacity in deep saline aquifers

A promising way to mitigate global warming is to sequester CO2 in deep saline aquifers. In order to determine which aquifers are the best for sequestration, it is helpful to estimate how much CO2 they can store. Currently, this is difficult because both the pressure buildup from injection and the volume of available pore space have been identified as constraints, but have not been compared to determine which is more important. In this study, we evaluate their relative importance using simple, but dynamic models of how pressure rises during injection and how CO2 becomes trapped in the pore space. Our results show that the more important constraint depends on the properties of the aquifer and how the CO2 is injected. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Intergroup Lysis and Transduction by Streptococcal Bacteriophages

Abstract Bacteriophages from streptococci of groups A, E, and G lysed streptococci distributed among serogroups A, C, G, H, and L; propagated in some, but not all, of these; and transduced streptomycin resistance within group A or (by A phages only) from group A to group G streptococci.
From Göttingen to Groningen

In this chapter, the 25-year old Van der Waerden becomes a full professor at Groningen University.
Measuring Narcissism Within Add Health: The Development and Validation of a New Scale

This study reports the development of a measure of narcissism within the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) data set. In Study 1, items were selected from Wave III to form the Add Health Narcissism Scale (AHNS). These were factor analyzed, yielding a single factor comprised of five subscales. We correlated the AHNS and its subscales with constructs within Add Health known to be associated with narcissism. Finally, we used the scale to replicate the relationship between narcissism and violence. In Study 2, a separate sample completed the AHNS, as well as other measures, including the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. These studies confirmed that the AHNS is a valid measure for use in narcissism-related studies employing the Add Health data.
Stroke risk stratification in acute dizziness presentations A prospective imaging-based study

Objective: To estimate the ability of bedside information to risk stratify stroke in acute dizziness presentations. Methods: Surveillance methods were used to identify patients with acute dizziness and nystagmus or imbalance, excluding those with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, medical causes, or moderate to severe neurologic deficits. Stroke was defined as acute infarction or intracerebral hemorrhage on a clinical or research MRI performed within 14 days of dizziness onset. Bedside information comprised history of stroke, the ABCD2 score (age, blood pressure, clinical features, duration, and diabetes), an ocular motor (OM)-based assessment (head impulse test, nystagmus pattern [central vs other], test of skew), and a general neurologic examination for other CNS features. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association of the bedside information with stroke. Model calibration was assessed using low ( Results: Acute stroke was identified in 29 of 272 patients (10.7%). Associations with stroke were as follows: ABCD2 score (continuous) (odds ratio [OR] 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–2.51), any other CNS features (OR 2.54; 95% CI 1.06–6.08), OM assessment (OR 2.82; 95% CI 0.96–8.30), and prior stroke (OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.05–4.57). No stroke cases were in the model9s low-risk probability category (0/86, 0%), whereas 9 were in the moderate-risk category (9/94, 9.6%) and 20 were in the high-risk category (20/92, 21.7%). Conclusion: In acute dizziness presentations, the combination of ABCD2 score, general neurologic examination, and a specialized OM examination has the capacity to risk-stratify acute stroke on MRI.
Relationships Between Bird Density, Vegetation Characteristics, and Grasshopper Density in Mixed-Grass Prairie of Western North Dakota

We monitored the abundance of grassland birds and the density of then-principal prey (grasshoppers, Acrididae) on 20 transects in mixed-grass prairie of western North Dakota from 1987-1990. Bird and grasshopper densities were estimated on 10 occasions during this period, 4 times in 1987 and once in late May and June every year thereafter. Twelve transects were treated for grasshopper control in late June 1987. During all of the census periods except July 1987 and June 1990, there was a negative relationship between grasshopper density and total bird density; the relationship was significant (P>0.05) during June 1987 and May 1989. Of the four most common bird species recorded on the transects, 2 species, western meadowlarks (Sturnella neglecta) and grasshopper sparrows (Ammodramus savannarum) ,were negatively correlated with grasshopper densities during most of the census periods. The relationship was significant for western meadowlarks in June 1987, May 1989, and June 1990. However, density of the other 2 species, horned larks (Eremophila alpestris) and vesper sparrows (Pooecetes gramineus) ,were not correlated with grasshopper density. We explore two possible explanations for the negative relationship between bird abundance and grasshopper abundance: habitat association and bird predation. Available evidence supports both of these nonexclusive hypotheses. However, it is unlikely that bird predation has a significant impact when grasshopper densities are high. Our results suggest that habitat manipulation may be effective in decreasing grasshopper numbers and increasing bird populations in these grasslands.
Effects of Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy on Immediate Tissue Expander and Acellular Dermal Matrix Reconstruction

PTV was modified accordingly. Cosmesis was scored according to the Harvard scale at the 3 month follow up visit. Results: Since February 2014, ten patients were enrolled on this prospective registry. Median age was 57.4 (range: 42 e 77). Mean PTV volume was 76.4 cc (range: 131 e 54.6 cc), representing a 64% reduction in volume when compared to a conventional PTV margin. Mean time in treatment room was 36 min, of which 15 min was spent on patient set up and MR imaging. 100 online volumetric MR images were available for evaluation. The mean 90% and 95% prescription dose covered 99.7% (range: 99.1-100%) and 97.6% (range: 90.5 e 99.9%) of PTV respectively. Mean inter-fraction standard deviation in 90% and 95% prescription coverage was less than 1% of PTV (90% prescription coverage: 0.26% PTV, and 95% prescription coverage: 0.63% PTV). Evaluation of cine MR during treatment did not demonstrate significant intra-fractional motion. Maximum skin dose was less than prescription in all cases. Nine of the ten patients had 3 month cosmetic data collected per the Harvard scale for breast cosmesis. All nine patients had excellent (7/9) or good (2/9) cosmetic results. Conclusion: Delivery of MR-guided APBI with reduced margins achieved appropriate target coverage based on assessment of actual delivered dose with favorable short term cosmesis. To our knowledge, this is the first series of APBI patients to be treated using MR-IGRT with minimal margins, thereby sparing a greater proportion of normal breast. Efforts to collect local control and long term cosmetic data are currently underway. Author Disclosure: S. Acharya: None. B.W. Fischer-Valuck: None.M.C. Roach: None. R. Kashani: None. L.L. Ochoa: None. M. Yang: None. S. Mutic: Honoraria; Philips Healthcare. Consultant; ViewRay. Travel Expenses; American Association of Medical Dosimetrists, American Association of Physicists in Medicine, American Society for Therapeutic Radiation Oncology. Stock; TreatSafely, Radialogica. I. Zoberi: None. M.A. Thomas: None.
Application of digital technology in the prosthodontic management of a patient with myasthenia gravis: A clinical report

Application of digital technology in the treatment of a patient with myasthenia gravis and an excessively resorbed mandibular residual alveolar ridge is presented. The patient requested replacement of worn maxillary and mandibular prostheses. Treatment involved fabricating a new maxillary complete denture that was similar in appearance to the one being replaced and rebasing the existing and clinically acceptable mandibular fixed framework. The interim phase of treatment involved fabricating a mandibular milled prosthesis similar in morphology to the existing fixed complete denture with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. This facilitated conversion of an interim prosthesis by using an orientation device and eliminated the need for the patient to adapt to an interim removable complete denture.
Abstract 4010: Significant roles of p120 catenin and MUC1 in promoting invasive behavior of pancreatic cancer cells

Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal in part because the tumors have metastasized at the time of diagnosis. We are investigating the hypothesis that interactions between the cell surface mucin MUC1 and p120 catenin (p120ctn) modulate cell adhesion, invasion and metastatic properties of pancreatic cancer cells. MUC1 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and is known to modulate the invasive and metastatic properties of tumor cells by influencing cell surface adhesion properties directly and by signaling through the MUC1 cytoplasmic tail that reprogram transcription of invasion and metastasis associated genes. Downregulation or mislocalization of p120ctn is correlated with high grade and poor survival in human pancreatic cancer. E-cadherin, which is normally stabilized by p120 catenin in the cell membrane, is frequently lost or downregulated in various human cancers, resulting in the emergence of malignant characteristics, such as loss of epithelial morphology, and gain of invasiveness and metastatic potential. We hypothesized that MUC1 competed with binding of E-cadherin to p120ctn, which enhanced E-cadherin internalization, thus promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). We report here that several p120 catenin isoforms are expressed in human pancreatic cancer and that MUC1 cytoplasmic tail interacts with armadillo repeats of p120ctn. Overexpression of MUC1 resulted in alterations in expression of different p120ctn isoforms, increased nuclear localization of p120ctn, and a decrease in p120ctn association with E-cadherin, as detected by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitations, and confocal microscopy analysis of Capan1 and MIAPACA-2 pancreatic cancer cell lines. Our data support the hypothesis that MUC1 overexpression decreases the association of p120 catenin with E-cadherin, which increases E-cadherin turn over. We also detected colocalization of MUC1 and p120ctn in the nucleus, raising the possibility that this association constitutes a novel signaling pathway mediated by MUC1 and p120ctn that contribute to the reprograming of gene expression during EMT, invasion and metastasis. This research provides novel insight that enable opportunities to develop an effective therapy to prevent pancreatic tumor invasion and metastasis. Supported by grant R01CA57362 from the NCI. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4010. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4010
Adsorbate-Induced Anchoring Transitions of Liquid Crystals on Surfaces Presenting Metal Salts with Mixed Anions

We report that metal salts composed of mixtures of anions of differing coordination strength can be used to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of adsorbate-induced anchoring transitions of liquid crystals (LCs) supported on surfaces decorated with the metal salts. Specifically, the dynamics of anchoring transitions triggered by the adsorbate dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) on surfaces of aluminum(III) salts were analyzed within the framework of a model for mass transport to reveal that the sensitivity of a nitrile-containing nematic LC to DMMP increased from 250 to 25 ppb when the composition of the (counter) anion was changed from 100% perchlorate to 90% nitrate and 10% perchlorate (by mole percent). To provide insight into these observations, polarization-modulation infrared reflectance-absorbance spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) was used to show that the intensity of the absorption band in the IR spectrum corresponding to the coordinated state of the nitrile group (but not the position of the peak) decreased with the increase in the mole fraction of the strongly coordinating anion (nitrate) in the anion mixture, thus suggesting that the addition of the strongly coordinating anion decreased the number of coordination interactions (per unit area of the interface) but not the strength of the individual coordination interactions between the metal cation and the LC. We also measured the incorporation of the nitrate anion into the metal salt to decrease the effect of humidity on the dynamic response of the LC to DMMP, a result that is consistent with weaker interactions between the nitrate anion and water as compared to the perchlorate anion and water. Finally, the bidentate anion acetylacetonate was measured to cause a similar increase in sensitivity to DMMP when mixed with perchlorate in a 1:1 ratio (the resulting sensitivity of the system to DMMP was 100 ppb). Overall, these results suggest that tailoring the identity of the anion represents a general and facile approach for tuning the orientational response of LCs supported on metal salts to targeted analytes.
International Decision: Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 15 June 1962 in the Case Concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear (Cambodia v. Thailand)

This article reviews the 2013 International Court of Justice decision in the case concerning the temple of Preah Vihear, the site of a longstanding territorial feud between Thailand and Cambodia. In 2011, after a series of military clashes, the Cambodian government asked the Court to interpret its 1962 judgment pertaining to Preah Vihear, which awarded the temple to Cambodia but left the status of surrounding territories unclear. The Court agreed to interpret the original judgment, seeking to clarify some of its ambiguities without violating the principle of non ultra petita. Its cautious 2013 interpretation left important questions unanswered and subject to further bilateral negotiation, but the absence of a more decisive ruling has a potential silver lining. It gave each side the capacity to claim partial victory, which may help relieve some of the nationalist pressure that has fueled the dispute.
Bridging Social Innovation and Social Work Balancing Science, Values, and Speed

This article highlights how the social work academy can support innovative research, dissemination, and implementation and is a response to and extension of arguments made by Dr. Marilyn L. Flynn on innovation in social work. It argues that social work researchers need to strike a balance between the often slow and methodical scientific research community and the often rapid and reactive social innovation community to best respond to societal needs. From an emerging scholar’s point of view, it concludes by emphasizing how shifting priorities in social work tenure and promotion processes can broaden the impact of social work research.
What Facilitates the Wait? Lessons Learned from Successful Sexual Abstainers

Religious individuals are more likely than their secular counterparts to abstain, but the explanatory mechanisms for religion’s salutary effects on sexual and other health behaviors are poorly understood. Given that social support and other communicative processes are likely explanations for the religion–abstinence connection, this study was designed to determine what communication processes facilitate the wait for religious individuals. Interviews with 23 abstainers revealed that certain communication practices, such as avoiding temptations, creating networks of like-minded individuals, engaging in communal coping, establishing boundaries, finding role models, making social comparisons, and adhering to and enforcing injunctive norms enabled abstinence.
Love Plots in Menander and his Roman Adapters

It is a well known fact and problem for students of Plautus and Terence that the lack of corresponding Menandrian originals for the comedies known to have been adapted into Latin has forced us to operate with various conjectural theories about the amount and method of change introduced in their adapted plots by the Roman playwrights. We might have expected Donatus to have provided some help here, since he frequently cites the Greek lines that Terence altered in his own way, but Donatus proves remarkably disappointing when it comes to details of plot. There is, however, one passage in Menander's great admirer, Plutarch, which I suggest might be pressed somewhat into service, though cautiously, and it is my purpose here to discuss this passage and its potential utility. Among the questions debated at banquets, Plutarch introduces one which, reviewing what drama and poetry best suit a dinner party, singles out Menander for special praise. His speaker, Diogenianus by name, expresses total admiration for Menander's style, for his excellent mixture of playful and serious, and his appropriate handling of the erotic material of his comedies. I am interested in the last point and the way Diogenianus elaborates upon it. For him, the important point is that, after a reading of Menander at a symposium, male banqueters are put in the right mood to go home to their own wives. I do not wish to pursue that chauvinistic topic, but rather to examine the scheme of Menandrian love plots which Diogenianus develops by way of explaining his thesis that Greek New Comedy possesses a special propriety for the average male banqueter.
CrossCheck: toward passive sensing and detection of mental health changes in people with schizophrenia

Early detection of mental health changes in individuals with serious mental illness is critical for effective intervention. CrossCheck is the first step towards the passive monitoring of mental health indicators in patients with schizophrenia and paves the way towards relapse prediction and early intervention. In this paper, we present initial results from an ongoing randomized control trial, where passive smartphone sensor data is collected from 21 outpatients with schizophrenia recently discharged from hospital over a period ranging from 2-8.5 months. Our results indicate that there are statistically significant associations between automatically tracked behavioral features related to sleep, mobility, conversations, smart-phone usage and self-reported indicators of mental health in schizophrenia. Using these features we build inference models capable of accurately predicting aggregated scores of mental health indicators in schizophrenia with a mean error of 7.6% of the score range. Finally, we discuss results on the level of personalization that is needed to account for the known variations within people. We show that by leveraging knowledge from a population with schizophrenia, it is possible to train accurate personalized models that require fewer individual-specific data to quickly adapt to new users.
Indo-Pacific Variability on Seasonal to Multidecadal Time Scales. Part II: Multiscale Atmosphere–Ocean Linkages

AbstractThe coupled atmosphere–ocean variability of the Indo-Pacific domain on seasonal to multidecadal time scales is investigated in CCSM4 and in observations through nonlinear Laplacian spectral analysis (NLSA). It is found that ENSO modes and combination modes of ENSO with the annual cycle exhibit a seasonally synchronized southward shift of equatorial surface zonal winds and thermocline adjustment consistent with terminating El Nino and La Nina events. The surface winds associated with these modes also generate teleconnections between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, leading to SST anomalies characteristic of the Indian Ocean dipole. The family of NLSA ENSO modes is used to study El Nino–La Nina asymmetries, and it is found that a group of secondary ENSO modes with more rapidly decorrelating temporal patterns contributes significantly to positively skewed SST and zonal wind statistics. Besides ENSO, fundamental and combination modes representing the tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO) are found to ...
Optimizing a Multiple Right-Hand Side Dslash Kernel for Intel Knights Corner

There is a significant interest in the computational physics community to perform lattice quantum chromodynamics (LQCD) simulations, which can run into the trillions of operations. LQCD computations solve a sparse linear system using a Wilson Dslash kernel, which has an arithmetic intensity of 0.88–2.29. This makes Dslash memory bandwidth-bound on most architectures, including Intel Xeon Phi Knights Corner (KNC). Most research optimizing the Dslash operator has been focused on single right-hand side (SRHS) linear solvers. There is a class of LQCD computations which aims to solve systems with multiple right-hand sides (MRHS), presenting additional opportunities for data reuse and vectorization. We present two approaches to MRHS Dslash: a vector register blocking approach and one using the software package QPhiX with a custom code generator for low-level intrinsics. We observed significant speedups using our approaches, with sustained performance of over 700 GFLOPS (single precision) in one instance. We achieved up to 29 % of theoretical peak performance compared to a maximum of 13 % obtained by the previous SRHS method using QPhiX.
Forces of Economic Change in the Asian Steel Industry

1. Steel consumption in Asian countries other than Japan will continue to grow at a relatively rapid rate. But the absolute growth measured in tons will be large compared with industrialized regions. In addition, the growth rate of the production of steel in Asia will keep pace with the growth rate in consumption, and Australia has the potential to become an important supplier of steel to Asian nations. Japanese planners have anticipated these developments, and there appears to be a definite effort on their part to participate in new steelmaking ventures (via loans, technical assistance, and particularly equipment sales) and to attach increasing importance to indirect steel exports. 2. The Japanese steel industry has become very strong and very competitive, especially the segment composed of large producers. Expansion of production facilities and research and development efforts show no letup. The rapid growth of steel consumption in Japan is likely to continue, but the timing and the magnitude of the inevitable reduction in the rate of growth is a matter of conjecture. 3. Japanese steelmen can weather temporary interruptions in the growth of demand because of a system that permits export cartels, agreements on capital expenditure allocations among producers, complete freedom in pricing, and a lack of pressure by stockholder groups. 4. There is considerable publicity concerning a substantial over-capacity in world steelmaking capacity. The measurement of capacity may or may not be accurate, and documenting the portion that represents a dangerous surplus would be difficult if not impossible. Thus, it is easy to view with alarm the continued vigorous expansion of Japanese steelmaking capacity. It is virtually certain to be increasingly troublesome to other major steel-producing countries in the future. an
The Extent of the Marketplace for Tests

If the nineteenth century in Great Britain was characterized as “the age of examinations,” recent decades in the United States might well be called “the age of testing.” As Gregory Anrig, president of the Educational Testing Service (ETS), has observed, “There’s an old Army saying, ‘If it moves, salute it.’ Today some reformers seem to be saying, ‘If it moves test it.’. . . American schools are going test crazy” (Fiske, 1988, p. 17). It appears that not just schools, but also politicians and policy makers are going test crazy, for 1991 saw numerous proposals for new national tests and testing systems as means of reforming schools and renewing American competitiveness in the international marketplace. In chapters 7 and 8 of this volume we recap and discuss these recent developments, but here in chapter 3, we seek to document the current extent of the market for tests and the way in which it has grown in recent years.
Injuries to the Abdomen from Explosion

Explosions are a realistic threat in contemporary society. The intent of the following review was to exploit the salient lessons learned from recent military operations and large-scale civilian terrorist explosion events as a basis to inform and improve care of this severely injured population. Explosions create complex and demanding clinical circumstances at multiple levels from the pre-hospital care realm to the overarching trauma care system. Most intentional explosive events generate multiple casualties. Furthermore, these incidents are associated with a significant rate of injury with most casualties sustaining injuries to >3 body regions. Fragmentation injuries to the abdomen/torso are particularly challenging due to their attendant risk for hemorrhage and high associated mortality. Outcomes of patients with traumatic coagulopathy and massive hemorrhage can be improved utilizing the damage control philosophy. The management of torso injury from explosion is optimized by understanding the mass casualty paradigm, the rate and pathophysiology of specific injury patterns, and utilizing current evidence-based evaluation and management techniques
MRI-guided cryoablation of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve for the treatment of neuropathy-mediated sitting pain

Neuropathy of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve may manifest as pain and paresthesia in the skin over the inferior buttocks, posterior thigh, and popliteal region. Current treatment options include physical and oral pain therapy, perineural injections, and surgical neurectomy. Perineural steroid injections may provide short-term pain relief; however, to our knowledge, there is currently no minimally invasive denervation procedure for sustained pain relief that could serve as an alternative to surgical neurectomy. Percutaneous cryoablation of nerves is a minimally invasive technique that induces a sustained nerve conduction block through temporary freezing of the neural layers. It can result in long-lasting pain relief, but has not been described for the treatment of neuropathy-mediated PFCN pain. We report a technique of MR-guided cryoablation of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve resulting in successful treatment of PFCN-mediated sitting pain. Cryoablation of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve seems a promising, minimally invasive treatment option that deserves further investigation.
Integrated Design, Manufacturing and Analysis of Airfoil and Nozzle Shapes in an Undergraduate Course☆

Abstract To strengthen student interest in aerospace engineering including manufacturing and utilize the known benefits of active, project- based learning, a new undergraduate course on airfoil and nozzle design and manufacturing is under development at the University of California Davis. The course will demonstrate the air flow around airfoils at high speeds by using a water table experiment. The water table utilizes the hydraulic analogy and is a much simpler and cheaper setup than a wind tunnel. The students will learn about computational design of airfoils and nozzles, sustainable manufacturing, and experimental testing with self-made models. These models highlight capabilities of different manufacturing processes (in particular turning, milling, water jet cutting, and wire extrusion as additive manufacturing process) to produce specific shapes, dimensions and surface qualities. Special regard is given to process planning, costing, energy, post-processing and waste. The dimensional accuracy will impact the results in the water table experiments. From this, the students can understand that both analytical modeling and experimentation are necessary to solve engineering problems.
Standard Descriptive Vocabulary and Archaeology Digital Data Collection

Archaeology has embraced the shift to digital technology for collecting, analyzing, and sharing data. Digital repositories are now recognized as essential for data stewardship and are setting standards for data deposition. These new technologies and systems support the scientific need for reproducible results through intra-cultural as well as cross-cultural hypothesis testing. Methods of digital data collection in the field, however, are often site specific, restricted by the limited availability of digital technologies, or not well suited for creating systems that support the requirements of the new digital information paradigm. As a small science project, the Chau Hiix Project in Belize will provide examples of the pitfalls in and insights about shifting to digital technology to make its primary data shareable and reusable. These experiences suggest the need for an international collaborative agenda that develops digital data description standards based on controlled vocabulary, facet analysis, and crosswalks implemented at the analog point of collection.
Manoeuvre to aid Endoscopic division of aryepiglottic folds (Aryepiglottoplasty)

Laryngomalacia, a congenital malformation of larynx is the commonest cause of stridor in young infants. Ninety percent of cases resolve by the age of 2 years without any active intervention (1).The most consistent abnormality seen in non-resolving cases is shortening of the aryepiglottic folds (picture 1).(2) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
A review of clinical studies of Bropirimine immunotherapy of carcinoma in situ of the bladder and upper urinary tract

Objectives: Bropirimine has been shown to have activity against carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder in a previous phase-I trial. A review of three completed clinical trials as well as ongoing studies is presented to provide a current update. Methods: Details of the initial phase-I trial are reviewed, as are findings of a subsequent phase-II trial in bladder CIS and a multicenter study in upper tract CIS. All have used a dose of 3 g/day for 3 consecutive days each week, repeated weekly for up to I year. Cytology must be positive prior to treatment, and both biopsies and cytology must be negative after therapy for the patient to be considered a complete response. Results: In the phase-II trial in bladder CIS, 20 (61%) of 33 patients had a complete response. Responders included patients with prior bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy, uni-and multifocal CIS, and primary and secondary CIS. Responses were seen in 10 (48%) of 21 evaluable patients with upper tract CIS. Toxicities in both studies were manageable in most patients. Trials underway include bropirimine in BCG-failed CIS, a randomized comparison to BCG in previously untreated patients, and a trial of the two together. Conclusion: Bropirimine does have activity against both bladder and upper tract CIS on the dose schedule used to date.
Deep learning algorithm for data-driven simulation of noisy dynamical system

Abstract We present a deep learning model, DE-LSTM, for the simulation of a stochastic process with an underlying nonlinear dynamics. The deep learning model aims to approximate the probability density function of a stochastic process via numerical discretization and the underlying nonlinear dynamics is modeled by the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network. It is shown that, when the numerical discretization is used, the function estimation problem can be solved by a multi-label classification problem. A penalized maximum log likelihood method is proposed to impose a smoothness condition in the prediction of the probability distribution. We show that the time evolution of the probability distribution can be computed by a high-dimensional integration of the transition probability of the LSTM internal states. A Monte Carlo algorithm to approximate the high-dimensional integration is outlined. The behavior of DE-LSTM is thoroughly investigated by using the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process and noisy observations of nonlinear dynamical systems; Mackey–Glass time series and forced Van der Pol oscillator. It is shown that DE-LSTM makes a good prediction of the probability distribution without assuming any distributional properties of the stochastic process. For a multiple-step forecast of the Mackey–Glass time series, the prediction uncertainty, denoted by the 95% confidence interval, first grows, then dynamically adjusts following the evolution of the system, while in the simulation of the forced Van der Pol oscillator, the prediction uncertainty does not grow in time even for a 3,000-step forecast.
Die Arthroplastik des Metakarpophalangealgelenkes mit Pyrocarbonimplantaten

Auf der Suche nach alternativen Materialien fur die Endoprothetik an den Handen ist man in den 1970er Jahren auf Pyrocarbon gestosen. Pyrocarbon hat im Einsatz bei der Herzklappenprothetik eine hohe Biokompatibilitat und sehr gute Abriebeigenschaften gezeigt. Daneben entspricht der Elastizitatsmodulus in etwa demjenigen von kortikalem Knochen. Erste Versuche von Fingerimplantaten an Primaten erbrachten interessante Resultate mit guter Gewebevertraglichkeit und guten Funktionsergebnissen. Als Oberflachenersatzprothese wurde dann eine erste Patientenserie fur den arthroplastischen Ersatz der Grundgelenke durchgefuhrt. Die klinischen und radiologischen Resultate waren auch im Langzeitverhalten sehr gunstig. Inzwischen hat sich dieser Prothesentyp, als Alternative zu den Silikonimplantaten etabliert. Weitere Indikationen und Prothesentypen sind in der Entwicklung.
Assessing Cancer Pain in the Adult Patient

The high prevalence of pain in the cancer population underscores why pain management is integral to comprehensive cancer care. How well pain is controlled can have a profound effect on the cancer experience for both patient and family. The goals of pain assessment are to prevent pain if possible, and to identify pain immediately should it occur. This can be facilitated by standardized screening of all cancer patients for pain, on a routine basis, across care settings. A comprehensive assessment of pain follows if a patient reports pain that is not being adequately managed. Oncology nurses play a huge role in pain assessment and management throughout the course of a patient's disease. A basic understanding of the types of pain seen in the cancer population as well as inferred neurophysiologic pain mechanisms and temporal patterns of pain can help focus the pain assessment. This in turn will lead to targeted pain management strategies
Non-canonical Targets Mediating the Action of Drugs of Abuse: Cocaine at the Sigma-1 Receptor as an Example

In addition to acting on traditionally recognized receptors or transporters on the plasma membrane, several drugs of abuse, including amphetamine, methamphetamine, nicotine, opioid, cocaine, ketamine, and cannabinoid, have been shown to exert their effects by acting on additional molecular targets either on the plasma membrane or inside a cell. These targets are usually nascent receptors or proteins that can cause downstream signaling or molecular events, leading to altered physiological outcomes favoring addictive processes. However, those "non-canonical" targets of drugs of abuse, in general, have not been widely recognized in drug abuse research. This perspective diverts attention to those underrecognized targets, in the hope of promoting a more complete understanding of the action of drugs of abuse.
Utilization of thromboelastography and a low molecular weight heparin anti-Xa assay for guidance in apixaban reversal: A case report

Reversal of oral factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors, such as apixaban, remains a controversial topic. However, the controversy goes beyond what reversal agent to utilize. Often times these patients present with an acute major bleed and are difficult to assess whether reversal is warranted or not. Furthermore, it is difficult to assess whether reversal was successful in a timely manner. A paucity of literature exists regarding the utilization of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) anti-Xa assays and thromboelastography for identifying coagulopathies associated with oral FXa inhibitors. We report a case of apixaban induced coagulopathy utilizing thromboelastography and a LMWH anti-Xa assay as a guide for reversal.
“Kindergarten isn’t fun anymore. Isn’t that so sad?”: Examining how kindergarten teachers in the US made sense of the changed kindergarten

Abstract This article investigates how kindergarten teachers made sense of the purpose and processes of the changed kindergarten, and how they would like to alter kindergarten if it did not reflect their understandings of schooling. These findings reveal these teachers’ concerns, provide insight into how they would like to reform kindergarten further to improve their and their students’ experiences and highlights their worries about whether such change is even possible. This work also illuminates ways in which teacher educators can work with practicing teachers and their teacher education students so that they can thrive as professionals in these changed teaching contexts.
Computing local properties in the trivial phase

A translation-invariant gapped local Hamiltonian is in the trivial phase if it can be connected to a completely decoupled Hamiltonian with a smooth path of translation-invariant gapped local Hamiltonians. For the ground state of such a Hamiltonian, we show that the expectation value of a local observable can be computed in time $\text{poly}(1/\delta)$ in one spatial dimension and $e^{\text{poly}\log(1/\delta)}$ in two and higher dimensions, where $\delta$ is the desired (additive) accuracy. The algorithm applies to systems of finite size and in the thermodynamic limit. It only assumes the existence but not any knowledge of the path.
Modeling enhancement and suppression of vibrational Feshbach resonances in positron annihilation on molecules

Experiments have shown that positrons can attach to molecules via vibrational Feshbach resonances. This leads to increased annihilation rates, the magnitudes of which depend upon molecular structure. Presented here is a simplified rate-equation model to describe the competition between annihilation while the positron is attached to the molecule, positron ejection from the entrance state, and diffusion of the vibrational energy to multimode states followed by similar ejection due to vibrational deexcitation. The latter ejection process can involve vibrations more strongly coupled to the positron continuum, producing suppression of the annihilation, or those more weakly coupled to the continuum, resulting in enhanced annihilation rates. This model elucidates the role that mode coupling can play in determining resonant annihilation amplitudes. Simple limits are obtained and compared with experimental results for selected molecules.
Time and cost constrained design of a simple step-stress accelerated life test under progressive Type-I censoring

With the engineering technology and manufacturing processes continuously improving, modern products and devices are becoming more sophisticated and reliable. On the other hand, conducting tradition...
The Best Disparity, or Lack Thereof, That Money Can Buy:

This research examines the complex interactions underlying disparity studies. While communities do frequently encounter disparity in public procurement, the commissioning of a disparity study may n...
Impact of bariatric surgery on surveillance and treatment outcomes of Barrett's esophagus: A stage-matched cohort study.

Abstract Background Obesity could increase the risk of Barrett’s esophagus (BE). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) could alter the natural course of BE. Data on BE progression after RYGB are scarce. Objectives To study endoscopic surveillance and endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) outcomes of BE in post-RYGB patients versus controls with obesity. Setting Academic referral centers, a retrospective cohort study. Methods Patients who underwent RYGB with biopsy-proven BE or intramucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma (IM-EAC) with an endoscopic follow-up of at least 12 months were identified from a prospectively maintained database between January 1992 and February 2019 at 3 tertiary care centers. RYGB patients were matched 1-to-2 to patients with obesity (body mass index > 30 kg/m2) by the initial BE stage at diagnosis. Surveillance and EET outcomes were compared. Results A total of 147 patients were included (49 RYGB and 98 BE stage-matched controls with obesity). For endoscopic surveillance, the rate of disease progression to high-grade dysplasia /IM-EAC was significantly lower in the RYGB patients than controls (2.6% versus 40.2%, respectively; P Conclusion RYGB appears to be a protective factor for disease progression to neoplastic BE during endoscopic surveillance. However, disease progression was still observed after RYGB, warranting continuing endoscopic surveillance. EET appeared to be equally effective between RYGB patients and controls with obesity.
Identifying the Severity of Road Accident Impact on Traffic Flow by Ensemble Model

Road accidents are one of the prime reasons for traffic congestions and delays. Predicting the severity of traffic congestions caused by road accidents can help to prepare travelers and traffic managers for the delays and re-routings. This study constructs a Stacked Ensembled Classifier model (SEC) by combining three ensemble machine learning algorithms Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) and Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM). Severity of the impact of a road accident on the current traffic flow is predicted based on time, weather, distance, location, road conditions, traffic signal and other points of interests. These three ensemble models are chosen because they achieved higher accuracies than other baseline models. The results indicate that our stacked classifier outperforms individual performance of the ensemble algorithms by up to 3.2%. Additionally, the average daily traffic count on each road segment, whose data is obtained from Virginia department of transportation, is introduced here as a new input feature. Inclusion of this feature improves the prediction accuracy up to 4.6%.
Osteoprotegerin activates osteosarcoma cells that co-express RANK and RANKL

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive and often fatal cancer that afflicts over 1000 humans and 10,000 dogs per year in the United States. Recent evidence suggests deregulation in the signaling triad, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK), its activating ligand (RANKL), and the RANKL inhibitor, osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of OS. This study investigated the expression of RANK and RANKL in osteosarcoma tumors and cell lines and describes an activating effect of OPG on OS cells in vitro . Results Canine OS tumors and cell lines co-express mRNA for both RANK and RANKL. Expression of these proteins in OS cell lines was confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Expression of the soluble form of RANKL was not detected in media from OS cells. OPG-Fc incubation increased the phosphorylation status of ERK, AKT and the p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and induced NFκB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in canine OS cells. OPG increased proliferation in both canine and human derived OS cell lines. Conclusion RANKL is produced by OS tumors and cell lines that also express RANK. This data provides preliminary evidence for a potential autocrine and or paracrine activation pathway in canine OS. An activating effect of exogenous OPG on signal transduction proteins, NFκB and proliferation in OS is described. These data provide new information concerning aberrant signaling in OS and could be important to those considering OPG as a therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma.
The Passing of Eden: Pomona, California

There are foxes on this hill, friend, and rattlesnakes. But deer also wander dreamily among the palms, persimmons, and cypresses and appear at Kellogg mansion to browse on the lawn and even come down at night when no one's near to the dreamless beds below where, filling the night air, bloom roses on roses, all year long, but which, for some time past, thieves, or perhaps vandals, not prizing the long stems ?from mere meanness was the common view ? have been ripping off. I read today it's becoming clear who the culprits are. But oh the deer?I saw one close by but fugitive, without peer for remoteness ?know nothing of the passing of Eden or the price of roses here. Still, whenever I linger absently in the garden now, I wonder, will I hear the whispers of hooves, as light as sighs, among the roses? What can we do when the deer, half-visions all day, steal down at night from the hill and eat the roses and disappear?
Is a robot an appliance, teammate, or friend? age-related differences in expectations of and attitudes towards personal home-based robots

Future advances in technology may allow home-based robots to perform complex collaborative activities with individuals of different ages. Two studies were conducted to understand the expectations of and attitudes toward home-based robots by younger and older adults. One study involved questionnaires sent to 2500 younger adults (aged 18-28) and 2500 older adults (aged 65-86) in the Atlanta Metropolitan area. One hundred and eighty questionnaires were completed and returned by individuals in the targeted age groups. For the questionnaire, participants were asked to imagine a robot in their home and then to answer questions about how well characteristics matched their imagined robot. Participants' technology and robot experience, demographic information, and health information were also collected. In conjunction with the questionnaire study, twelve younger adults (aged 19-26) and twenty-four older adults in two sub-age groups (younger-older, aged 65-75, and older-older aged 77-85) were interviewed about their expectations of and attitudes toward a robot in their home. They were asked to imagine a robot in their home and answer numerous questions about the tasks their envisioned robot would perform, the appearance of the robot, and other general questions about their interaction with the robot. The results of the studies suggest that individuals have many different ideas about what a robot in the home would be like. Mostly, they want a robot to perform mundane or repetitive tasks, such as cleaning, and picture a robot as a time-saving device. However, individuals are willing to have a robot perform other types of tasks, if they see benefits of having the robot perform those tasks. The ability of the robot to perform tasks efficiently, with minimal effort on the part of the human, appears to be more important in determining acceptance of the robot than its social ability or appearance. Overall, individuals both younger and older seem to be very open to the idea of a robot in their home...as long it is useful and not too difficult to use.
A structure for dependability arguments

How should a software system be verified? Much research is currently focused on attempts to show that code modules meet their specifications. This is important, but bugs in code are not the weakest link in the chain. The larger problems are identifying and articulating critical properties, and ensuring that the components of a system - not only software modules, but also hardware peripherals, physical environments, and human operators - together establish them. Another common assumption is that verification must take system design and implementation as given. I’ll explain the rationale for, and elements of, a new approach to verification, in which design is driven by verification goals, and verification arguments are structured in a way that exposes the relationship between critical properties and the components that ensure them.