cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INTERACTION BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL VARIABLES IN THE FLOTATION OF LOW RANK COALS

Relatively large amounts of hydrocarbons such as fuel oils are often needed in the flotation of low rank coals. The amount of oil can be decreased considerably by using surfactants as promoters. The reagents that are good candidates as surfactants to promote hydrophobicity can also act as emulsifying and wetting agents. Because the physical and chemical variables influence various subprocesses in different ways, their influence on the performance parameters is complex. The results of laboratory tests are presented to show that the dual role of reagents can be judiciously exploited to increase both the recovery and grade of the clean coal. The mode and order of reagent addition is critical in enhancing their efficacy as flotation promoters. The results demonstrate the benefits of proper conditioning of the pulp prior to flotation.
Physical Activity in Parks: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using Community Engagement

Background Physical inactivity is an important health risk factor that could be addressed at the community level. Purpose The goal of the study was to determine whether using a community-based participatory approach with park directors and park advisory boards (PABs) could increase physical activity in local parks. Whether involving PABs would be more effective than working with park directors alone was also tested. Design An RCT intervention from October 2007 to April 2012 was used, with partial blinding of observers to the condition. All data were analyzed in 2012. Setting/participants Of 183 eligible parks in the City of Los Angeles, 50 neighborhood park/recreation centers serving diverse populations participated. Parks were randomized to three study arms: (1) park-director intervention (PD-only); (2) PAB intervention (PAB/PD); and (3) a control arm. Physical activity in each park was systematically observed, and park users and residents living within 1 mile of the park were interviewed. Intervention(s) The intervention included assessing park use, obtaining feedback from park users and community residents, training on outreach and marketing, and giving each intervention park $4000 to increase park-based physical activity. The PAB/PD arm required participation and concurrence on all purchases by the PAB. Main outcome measure(s) Change in the number of park users and change in the level of park-based physical activity, expressed as MET-hours. Results Relative to control parks where physical activity declined, in both the PD-only and PAB/PD parks, physical activity increased, generating an estimated average of 600 more visits/week/park, and 1830 more MET-hours of physical activity/week/park. Both residents and park users in the intervention arms in the intervention arms reported increased frequency of exercise. No differences were noted between the PD-only and PAB/PD study arms. Conclusions Providing park directors and PABs with training on outreach and marketing, feedback on park users, and modest funds increased the amount of physical activity observed in parks.
Eosinophilia as the presenting sign in pancreatic cancer: an extremely rare occurrence

A case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosed following work up for eosinophilia is reported. A 68-year-old female was referred to our Hematology clinic for an absolute eosinophil count of 1869 per microliter. No allergic signs or symptoms were reported. Laboratory studies for parasitic infestations autoimmune disease and collagen vascular disease were negative. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a mass in the neck of the pancreas with fine needle aspiration biopsy consistent with adenocarcinoma. The patient received one cycle of modified FOLFIRINOX with complete resolution of the eosinophilia. There are rare case reports of tumor-associated blood eosinophilia in solid malignancies. The finding may be indicative of rapid disease progression and poor prognosis. Our case is the third in published English literature with eosinophilia being the initial finding in pancreatic cancer.
The Pan-Deacetylase Inhibitor Panobinostat Downregulates HIF-1α and VEGF and, Synergizes with Everolimus In Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines

Abstract Abstract 2851 Deacetylases (DAC) inhibitors are promising new class of anticancer agents. Panobinostat (LBH589) is a pan-DAC inhibitor with evidence of clinical activity in patients with relapsed classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). However the mechanisms of action of this new drug are not completely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of antiproliferative effect induced by LBH589 in HL-derived cell lines. Experiments were performed in HL derived-cell lines (HDLM-2, KM-H2 and L-428). Cells were treated with 0.01–1μM of LBH589 alone or in combination with 0.01–1μM of everolimus (RAD001), an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), for 24–72 hours. Growth inhibition and apoptosis were analyzed in response to treatment using MTS assay, Western blotting and flow cytometric analyses. Effect of panobinostat on a panel of 30 cytokines and chemokines was assayed on cells after incubation of 24 hours using a multiplex assay. Panobinostat demonstrated antiproliferative activity in HL cell lines in a dose-and time-dependant manner with an IC50 ranging between 20 and 40nM at 72 hours. The antiproliferative activity was associated with downregulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3, cleavage of Poly ADP Ribosome polymerase (PARP) and induction of apoptosis. In addition, panobinostat downregulated the level of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) a major regulator of tumor cell adaptation to hypoxic stress. Furthermore, panobinostat decreased the level of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an HIF-1α target gene, in the cell culture supernatants.The combination of panobinostat and everolimus had synergistic antiproliferative activity in the cells lines. This synergy was due to reciprocal inhibition of negative feedback loops induced by mTOR inhibitor and panobinostat therapy. Collectively, our data demonstrate that panobinostat induces apoptosis in HL cell lines by modulating several survival pathways. Furthermore, the observed synergy between panobinostat and everolimus provides rationale for combining these two active agents in a phase I/II clinical trial in patients with relapsed HL. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Affect bleeds in feminist networks: an “essay” in six parts

AbstractThis essay is one of many attempts to document and process a year-plus long feminist digital media project: ev-ent-anglement. The essay has an irregular construction in six sections to hold and honor the practices, concerns, and findings of the project that all aim to mark the power and violence left usually unregarded after the common and willy-nilly, usually corporate-abetted, movement of digital fragments of ourselves. The ev-ent-anglement, including this essay as one iteration, attempts to mark that every simple cut/paste in a digital environment has an unseen but sometimes felt consequence: a violence and a power. It asks: could this gesture have different meanings or purposes in other formats, environments, and communities? Is affect in Montreal similar to #affect in #Montreal? The essay suggests that perhaps with a dataset made with and for feminist social networks, with a dataset made to feel, our cut/pastes might maintain and pass on some of their original affect. That is to say, principl...
Retinoic acid-resistant HL-60 cells exclusively contain mutant retinoic acid receptor-alpha

Sequence analysis of the retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RAR alpha) gene from a subline of HL-60 cells (RA-res) stably resistant to all-trans retinoic acid (RA) disclosed a single-base change in codon number 411, the same C to T transition previously reported in an independently selected HL-60 RA resistant clone by Robertson et al (Blood 80:1885, 1992). This mutation eliminates a FokI restriction endonuclease site. Using primers framing this mutation in exon 9 of the RAR alpha gene, we showed that polymerase chain reaction products amplified from either mRNA or genomic DNA templates from the RA-res subline were completely resistant to FokI digestion whereas those from wild-type (wt) HL-60 cells could be digested to completion. The lack of a normal allele in the RA-res cells was confirmed by mixing experiments and hybridization analyses. Southern blot analysis of DNA from the RA-res and wt cells versus control placental DNA indicated that the RAR alpha gene is not haploid. The independent isolation of the same RAR alpha mutation in different laboratories suggests either that the mutation exits in a small subpopulation in the wt line or that this is a mutational “hot spot.” Furthermore, the results indicate that if a dominant negative mode of resistance is involved in the RA-res subline, this must involve interference with the function of heterologous receptor proteins such as the retinoid X receptors. The lack of any normal RAR alpha in this subline may facilitate studies of the mode of action of retinoids.
Effect of flushing boron during a boiling water reactor anticipated transient without scram

This paper reports on an accident sequence in a boiling water reactor in which there is a large reactivity insertion caused by the flushing of borated water from the core. This sequence can occur during an anticipated transient without scram after the injection of borated water from the standby liquid control system. The boron shuts down the power, but if there is a rapid depressurization of the vessel (e.g. because of the inadvertent actuation of the automatic depressurization system), large amounts of low-pressure, relatively cold, unborated water enters the vessel causing a rapid dilution and cooling. This study determines whether the reactivity addition caused by this flushing could lead to a power excursion that is sufficient to cause catastrophic fuel damage.
PACC Guideline Statements

An interdisciplinary expert panel convenes every few years (2000, 2003, 2007, 2012) at the Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC) to make recommendations on safe and efficacious use of intrathecal analgesics. The panel will be publishing new guidelines in 2017 to discuss updates in the treatment of nociceptive and neuropathic pain through intrathecal drug delivery. This chapter briefly overviews 2012 algorithms and dosing guidelines to improve outcomes and safety.
Abstract 10647: Importance of Volumetric Analysis as an Indicator of Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Chronic Severe Mitral Regurgitation

Background: The timing of surgery for patients with severe chronic mitral regurgitation (MR) remains controversial. Despite current guideline recommendations, postoperative left ventricular (LV) dy...
Direct amplification of biological evidence and DVI samples using the Qiagen Investigator 24plex GO! Kit

Abstract Omitting DNA extraction and quantitation can save valuable time in criminal investigations and disaster victim identification (DVI) efforts. In this study, we applied different collection methods and a combination of direct amplification and lysis to various sample types in combination with the Qiagen Investigator 24plex GO! Kit. This "megaplex" kit was designed for direct PCR of DNA references, and validated with Investigator STRGO! lysis buffer. Preliminary experiments resulted in different approaches for each sample type. Missing person reference and/or post-mortem samples like hair roots, toothbrush bristles, muscle tissue and bone shavings could be successfully typed after a Proteinase K lysis step with 2mL of the volume as PCR input. Blood and saliva stains, touched fabrics and fingerprints on glass were tested with direct PCR after collection using tape lifts, cuttings, and various swab types. Using COPAN microFLOQ swabs is the most convenient collection method, but other methods, like tape lifts and small swab cuttings work as well. The two quality standards incorporated in the Qiagen 24plex kits are helpful for trouble shooting. This is especially important in the absence of Q-PCR data. Several samples, e.g. paper tissue cuttings and surface swabs from fingerprints, eye glasses and razors showed inhibition. The PCR may have been affected by the loss of reaction volume through absorption by the swab. Sources of inhibitors could have been the swab or tissue substrate, or the items, e.g. make-up on eye glasses.
Armstrong, Robert Gelston (1917–1987)

Although Robert G. Armstrong began his research career as an anthropologist with a strong Marxist bent, he attenuated his theoretical concerns over time to become a fairly locally oriented researcher, restricting his scholarship after his thesis and subsequent events to Nigeria, where his contributions were considerable and probably underappreciated. The major focus of his work was on the Idoma people and their language, and he published significant works on Yoruba, Idoma, and related languages and cultures.
Some remarks on Chomsky’s reading of Saussure

El punto de partida de este trabajo es una referencia desconcertante a Saussure en el libro de Chomsky intitulado Conocimiento del lenguaje (Chomsky 1986). Tomada a primera vista, essta referencia parece invertir dramaticamente la anterior evaluacion negativa de Chomsky de un aspecto central del pensamiento saussureano. Sin embargo, ostengoque,orrectamente interpretada, la cita no encarna de hecho una evaluacion cambiada de Saussure por parte de Chomsky. A lo largo delcamino que lleva a mi conclusion, inevitablemente surgiran preguntas acerca de la compatibilidad de las concepciones de Saussure con las de Chomsky. Me ocupo de tales cuestiones de una manera un tanto dispersa, porque la relacion (historica e intelectual) entre las ideas de Saussure y las de Chomsky es demasiado dificil y demasiado abierta para una comunicacion corta como esta. Para Chomsky, por lo menos, tenemos una trayectoria ininterrumpida de articulos de por lo menos sesenta anos, que documenta sus posiciones y su evolucion historica. Pero determinar cual era la posicion de Saussure sobre una variedad de cuestiones centrales es quiza un reto insuperable, ya que publico muy poco y sus notas personales (que siguen siendo descubiertas) son a menudo demasiadofragmentarias para permitir una interpretacion inequivoca.
How Does Prior Knowledge Influence Eye Fixations and Sequences of Cognitive and Metacognitive SRL Processes during Learning with an Intelligent Tutoring System

The goal of this study was to use eye-tracking and log-file data to investigate the impact of prior knowledge on college students’ (N = 194, with a subset of n = 30 for eye tracking and sequence mining analyses) fixations on (i.e., looking at) self-regulated learning-related areas of interest (i.e., specific locations on the interface) and on the sequences of engaging in cognitive and metacognitive self-regulated learning processes during learning with MetaTutor, an Intelligent Tutoring System that teaches students about the human circulatory system. Results revealed that there were no significant differences in fixations on single areas of interest by the prior knowledge group students were assigned to; however there were significant differences in fixations on pairs of areas of interest, as evidenced by eye-tracking data. Furthermore, there were significant differences in sequential patterns of engaging in cognitive and metacognitive self-regulated learning processes by students’ prior knowledge group, as evidenced from log-file data. Specifically, students with high prior knowledge engaged in processes containing cognitive strategies and metacognitive strategies whereas students with low prior knowledge did not. These results have implications for designing adaptive intelligent tutoring systems that provide individualized scaffolding and feedback based on individual differences, such as levels of prior knowledge.
Analytical solutions of transient hygrothermal stresses in elastic bodies

The nonuniform distribution of moisture and temperature causes differential expansion or contraction from one point to another in a solid. This sets up a state of internal stresses even with no application of any external mechanical forces. Under transient conditions, the stresses may undergo reversals changing from tension to compression or vice versa. If the stress or deformation gradients are assumed to have no feedback that is exerting no influence on the diffusion process, then the moisture and temperature distribution can be determined independently from the stress analysis. Moreover, as long as the solid deforms within the linear elastic range, the stress field resulting from the diffusion of moisture and temperature can be superimposed upon that from the field of external loading which is well-known in any textbook on elasticity. This Chapter considers the transient character of hygrothermal stresses in several problems that are solved analytically in closed form.
The Doomsday Argument Adam & Eve, UN++, and Quantum Joe

The Doomsday argument purports to show that the risk of the human species going extinct soon has been systematically underestimated. This argument has something in common with controversial forms of reasoning in other areas, including: game theoretic problems with imperfect recall, the methodology of cosmology, the epistemology of indexical belief, and the debate over so-called fine-tuning arguments for the design hypothesis. The common denominator is a certain premiss: the Self-Sampling Assumption. We present two strands of argument in favor of this assumption. Through a series of thought experiments we then investigate some bizarre prima facie consequences – backward causation, psychic powers, and an apparent conflict with the Principal Principle.
Appendix 2: Carbonized Botanical Remains from Sites in Purén and Lumaco

This chapter reports on the botanical remains recovered from two sites, PU-165 and LU-69. These sites occur at an elevation of 200 masl and are associated with artificial agricultural systems, domestic sites, and ceremonial mounds in the floodplain of the Puren and Lumaco Valley. Radiocarbon dates from raised agricultural platforms in the area indicate a period of occupation from about AD 1220 to 1420. Diagnostic ceramics from the raised fields, associated mounds, and habitation sites date to ca. AD 400 and 1750. The sites, themselves and associated botanical remains, date from the Archaic period to the early Hispanic period in the area.
A subgrid projection method for relaxation of non-attainable differential inclusions

We propose a subgrid projection method which is suitable for computing microstructures describing non-attainable infima of variational integrals. We document that a descent method in combination with the proposed method yields relaxing sequences which converge in weak-* topology as well as in the sense of approximate Young measures. We show that a sufficient condition for our method to work is to asymptotically form white noise. We present an example which shows that this requires symmetry in the target function.
Analytical and Numerical Modeling of a Double Well Capture Zone

Closed-form steady-state analytical solutions for capture times are derived considering both pumping–injecting and pumping–pumping double-well systems. Numerical simulations are used to obtain capture times and the numerical results agree with analytical solutions. The influences of regional flows upon the capture zones are analyzed numerically. In a heterogeneously stratified aquifer, the mean and the variance of the capture time are calculated. It is found that hydraulic conductivity distribution plays an important role in determining the mean and the variance of the capture time.
Superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: A study of seven cases in Memphis, Tennessee

Superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, defined as carcinoma with invasion limited to the mucosa or submucosa regardless of the presence of lymph node metastasis, is being increasingly recognized. We found 7 cases (13%) of this entity among 54 cases of esophageal squamous cancer resected between 1981 and 1984 in Memphis, Tennessee. Three patients presented with dysphagia, 1 with odynophagia, and 3 with nonesophageal symptoms. Barium esophagram demonstrated the tumor in 2 cases. Endoscopically, four lesions were identified as tumor and three were attributed to inflammation. Two tumors were nodules, three were plaques, one was polypoid, and one was grossly inapparent. Two patients died without evidence of disease. One patient with lymph node metastasis died of disease at 17 mo. Four patients have survived from 16 to 52 mo after resection without evidence of disease. Timely diagnosis of this early form of esophageal neoplasia provides the opportunity for curative resection.
Actively Listening: The Not-So-Secret Ingredient for Journal Innovation.

* Abbreviation: AAP — : American Academy of Pediatrics Actively listening to our patients and their families is central to the work that we do as clinicians. As editors, we also endeavor to actively listen to your needs and respond accordingly. As we look back over the past 10 years of overseeing the editorial content of our journal, many of the changes were based on ideas you offered to expand the journal’s content and improve its accessibility. We have published peer-reviewed content on the topics you said would help you improve the care of patients and their families. If you look over the content of our journal in 2018, we included studies on improving vaccination rates, evaluating risks associated with electronic cigarettes and marijuana usage by teenagers, bullying, assessing for and addressing toxic stress, narrowing gaps in social determinants of health, and addressing firearm storage. We published extensively on myriad mental health issues, including autism and depression, and shared studies that help promote the health and well-being of older children and adolescents who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and of other sexualities. Many of these topics have now been organized into Pediatrics Collections to help you quickly discover articles on topics of relevance (www.aappublications.org/pediatriccollections). This past year, we developed a special Pediatrics Collection to address toxic stress in response to concerns from the … Address correspondence to Lewis R. First, MD, MS, Pediatrics Editorial Office, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Courtyard S250, Burlington, VT 05405. E-mail: lewis.first{at}uvm.edu
Novel Speedup Techniques for Parallel Singular Value Decomposition

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is a fundamental problem in linear algebra and it has applications in many fields. For example, as a data reduction technique, SVD is widely used for Principal Component Analysis (PCA). It also has extensive applications in the machine learning domain. For example, it is widely used in feature selection, data clustering, classification, and regression. Traditional sequential SVD algorithms take cubic time which may not be affordable especially when the input matrix is large. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop efficient sequential and parallel SVD algorithms. Jacobi iteration, as one of the most common SVD algorithms, has attracted a lot of attention. Among many algorithms that have been proposed, there are some relaxation schemes that have been proven to be very effective in parallel Jacobi-SVD computing. Such relaxation schemes are platform and architecture independent. In this paper, we propose some novel techniques to further generalize and speedup these relaxation schemes. Theoretical analysis proves the efficiency of our algorithms. Experimental results also show that our algorithms outperform the existing ones.
Expression, purification, and characterization of a human complement component C3 analog that lacks the C-terminal C345c domain.

The complement system consists of a series of soluble and cell-surface proteins that serve numerous roles in innate immunity, development, and homeostasis. Despite its many functions, the central event in the complement system is the proteolytic activation of the 185 kDa complement component 3 (C3) into its opsonin and anaphylatoxin fragments known as C3b (175 kDa) and C3a (10 kDa), respectively. The C3 protein is comprised of thirteen separate structural domains, several of which undergo extensive structural rearrangement upon activation to C3b. In addition to this, the C-terminal C345c domain found in C3, C3b, and the terminal degradation product, C3c (135 kDa), appears to adopt multiple conformations relative to the remainder of the molecule. To facilitate various structure/function studies, we designed two C3 analogs that could be activated to a C345c-less, C3c-like state following treatment with Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) protease. We generated stably transfected Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines that secrete approximately 1.5 mg of the highest-expressing C3 analog per liter of conditioned culture medium. We purified this C3 analog by sequential immobilized metal ion affinity and size exclusion chromatographies, activated the protein by digestion with TEV protease, and purified the resulting C3c analog by a final size exclusion chromatography. The conformations and activities of our C3 and C3c analogs were assessed by measuring their binding profiles to known C3/b/c ligands by surface plasmon resonance. Together, this work demonstrates the feasibility of producing a C3 analog that can be site-specifically activated by an exogenous proteolytic enzyme.
Stochastic antagonism between two proteins governs a bacterial cell fate switch

Cell fate decision circuits must be variable enough for genetically identical cells to adopt a multitude of fates, yet ensure that these states are distinct, stably maintained, and coordinated with neighboring cells. A long-standing view is that this is achieved by regulatory networks involving self-stabilizing feedback loops that convert small differences into long-lived cell types. We combined regulatory mutants and in vivo reconstitution with theory for stochastic processes to show that the marquee features of a cell fate switch in Bacillus subtilis-discrete states, multigenerational inheritance, and timing of commitments-can instead be explained by simple stochastic competition between two constitutively produced proteins that form an inactive complex. Such antagonistic interactions are commonplace in cells and could provide powerful mechanisms for cell fate determination more broadly.
Formulae for the geometrical propagation of a beam of light

The geometrical propagation of a beam of light is treated in this paper using aberration theory. Stop shifting on the aberration function and on the irradiance function provides insight into how the geometrical field changes as it propagates in free space. The formulae discussed in this paper give as a function of the field and aperture of an optical system, and to the sixth order of approximation, the wavefront deformation and, to the fourth order, the irradiance at the exit pupil plane of the system. The use of the formulae is illustrated with a lens design for uniform illumination that is nearly insensitive to the location of the illuminated surface.
Expert-based Risk Level Assessment Model for Microtunneling Projects

Trenchless technologies provide the technology necessary to install underground conduits without open excavation. Microtunneling is a multifaceted non-channel digging method. This technology has the capability to reduce environmental impacts. Therefore, the risk assessment of this process will ease the improvements and modeling of the forthcoming projects of microtunneling. A real data set of thirty-five microtunneling projects was collected through a questionnaire to obtain the agent's and agents' mass which is directed to experts. A risk level prediction model has been developed using the Clustering Analysis technique, Regression Analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to consider the effect of the qualitative factors involved in the microtunneling process. The model has been validated, which shows satisfactory results with 84.79% Average Validity Percent.
A Multicenter VA Study of the Format and Content of Internal Medicine Morning Report

There are more than five hundred internal medicine residency programs in the USA, involving 27,000 residents. Morning report is a central educational activity in resident education, but no recent studies describe its format or content. To describe the format and content of internal medicine morning reports. Prospective observational study of morning reports occurring between September 1, 2018, and April 30, 2019, in ten different VA academic medical centers in the USA. Report format, number and type of learner, number and background of attending, frequency of learner participation, and the type of media used. Content areas including quality and safety, high-value care, social determinants of health, evidence-based medicine, ethics, and bedside teaching. For case-based reports, the duration of different aspects of the case was recorded, the ultimate diagnosis when known, and if the case was scripted or unscripted. A total of 225 morning reports were observed. Reports were predominantly case-based, moderated by a chief resident, utilized digital presentation slides, and involved a range of learners including medicine residents, medical students, and non-physician learners. The most common attending physician present was a hospitalist. Reports typically involved a single case, which the chief resident reviewed prior to report and prepared a teaching presentation using digital presentation slides. One-half of cases were categorized as either rare or life-threatening. The most common category of diagnosis was medication side effects. Quality and safety, high-value care, social determinants of health, and evidence-based medicine were commonly discussed. Medical ethics was rarely addressed. Although a wide range of formats and content were described, internal medicine morning report most commonly involves a single case that is prepared ahead of time by the chief resident, uses digital presentation slides, and emphasizes history, differential diagnosis, didactics, and rare or life-threatening diseases.
Corneal Classics: The Most-Cited Article in the 36-Year History of Cornea.

PURPOSE To describe the most cited article in the 36 year history of Cornea. METHODS All articles from Cornea in the past 36 years were reviewed to find the the article with the greatest number of citations. RESULTS Descemet-Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty by Mark S. Gorovoy, MD, Cornea 2006;25:886-889 was found to have the greatest number of citations. CONCLUSION This study led to the single greatest change of cornea transplant going from Penetrating Keratoplasty to Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty.
The Effect of Open Information on Employees’ Response to Controls

Prior research provides evidence that behavioral controls imposed in individual settings have a negative effect on trust between employees and managers as well as on employee effort. This study investigates the effect of behavioral controls imposed in a group setting and whether that effect depends on employees’ knowledge of coworker effort. I find that both knowledge of high and knowledge of low coworker effort decrease employees’ perceptions of trust when a control is imposed, though each for different reasons. Knowledge of high coworker effort decreases perceived autonomy, while knowledge of low coworker effort decreases perceived fairness. I further find that these perceptions carry forward to negatively affect employee effort in response to the control. These results suggest that social cues present in group settings play an important role in employees’ response to controls.
Proxy Variable Estimation of Multi-Product Production Functions

Productivity studies that use proxy variable estimators routinely specify single-output production functions despite most firms producing multiple outputs. This is usually accomplished by aggregating the firm's outputs using total revenue. Such a formulation rarely provides an adequate representation of the multi-product firm's production: (i) it cannot identify technological cross-output trade-offs along the production possibilities frontier, (ii) it unrealistically assumes perfect output substitutability which, if misspecified, produces biased estimates. We develop a new methodology for estimating multi-product production functions that addresses these limitations without requiring information beyond that which is available in most datasets and showcase it on Norwegian dairy-and-beef farming.
Framework to Develop Time- and Voltage-Dependent Building Load Profiles Using Polynomial Load Models

The power consumption of buildings over the course of each minute, hour, day and season plays a major role in how this load influences the Electric Power System voltage and frequency, and vice versa. This consumption is based on the building’s load component types, efficiencies, and how they consume power and react to changes in real time. Due to this complexity, standard full-building load models are typically voltage-invariant. This paper proposes a novel framework to transform these voltage-invariant building load models into fully time- and voltage-dependent load profiles using available data on the voltage sensitivity of individual load components. While a voltage-dependent building model could theoretically be generated from static load models of every component in a building, this approach faces two challenges: first, load models representing all load components are impractical to develop for all possible load component types; second, building energy consumption is never measured or modeled at the individual component level. The proposed framework compiles available component data in the form of static ZIP load model parameters, and maps them into the end use categories utilized by standard building modeling programs. The voltage sensitivity of each end use category is then bounded by the extrema of the component models within it. This framework is applied to a load profile case study representing the aggregate U.S. residential building stock. In addition to the minimum/maximum conditions, a load profile based on typical load composition and weighted ZIP parameters is generated for the same building stock. The results show that for a 10% drop in voltage, using the least sensitive ZIP parameters, active power is expected to be 3% to 14% lower than nominal, depending on the season and time of day. Using the most sensitive ZIP parameters, the active power is expected to be 9% to 20% lower than nominal, also depending on the season and time of day.
OGR1-dependent regulation of the allergen-induced asthma phenotype

The proton-sensing receptor, ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor (OGR1) has been shown to be expressed in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and capable of promoting ASM contraction in response to decreased extracellular pH. OGR1 knockout mice (OGR1KO) are reported to be resistant to asthma features induced by inhaled allergen. We recently described certain benzodiazepines as OGR1 activators capable of mediating both pro-contractile and pro-relaxant signaling in ASM cells. Here we assess the effect of treatment with the benzodiazepines lorazepam or sulazepam on the asthma phenotype, in wild type (WT) and OGR1KO mice subjected to inhaled house dust mite (HDM; Dermatophagoides pteronyssius) challenge for three weeks. In contrast to previously published reports, both WT and OGR1KO mice developed significant allergen-induced lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In WT mice, treatment with sulazepam (a Gs-biased OGR1 agonist), but not lorazepam (a balanced OGR1 agonist), prevented allergen-induced AHR, although neither drug inhibited lung inflammation. The protection from development of AHR conferred by sulazepam was absent in OGR1KO mice. Treatment of WT mice with sulazepam also resulted in significant inhibition of HDM-induced collagen accumulation in the lung tissue. These findings suggest OGR1 expression is not a requirement for development of the allergen-induced asthma phenotype, but OGR1 can be targeted by the Gs-biased OGR1 agonist sulazepam (but not the balanced agonist lorazepam) to protect from allergen-induced AHR, possibly mediated via suppression of chronic bronchoconstriction and airway remodeling in the absence of effects on airway inflammation.
Anomaly detection in moving object

With recent advances in sensory and mobile computing technology, many interesting applications involving moving objects have emerged. One of them is identification of suspicious movements: an important problem in homeland security. The objects in question can be vehicles, airplanes, or ships; however, due to the sheer volume of data and the complexities within, manual inspection of the moving objects would require too much manpower. Thus, an automated or semi-automated solution to this problem would be very helpful. That said, it is challenging to develop a method that can efficiently and effectively detect anomalies. The problem is exacerbated by the fact that anomalies may occur at arbitrary levels of abstraction and be associated with multiple granularity of spatiotemporal features.
The Interaction Between Knowledge and Practice in the Acquisition of Cognitive Skills

The role of prior knowledge in skill acquisition is to enable the learner to detect and to correct errors. Computational mechanisms that carry out these two functions are implemented in a simulation model which represents prior knowledge in constraints. The model learns symbolic skills in mathematics and science by noticing and correcting constraint violations. Results from simulation runs include quantitative predictions about the learning curve and about transfer of training. Because constraints can represent instructions as well as prior knowledge, the model also simulates one-on-one tutoring. The implications for the design of instruction include a detailed specification of the content of effective feedback messages for intelligent tutoring systems.
Effects of COER‐Verapamil on Circadian Pattern of Forearm Vascular Resistance and Blood Pressure

Controlled-onset extended-release verapamil (COER-V) is designed so drug concentrations rise sharply in the early morning to coincide with the peak incidence of cardiovascular events. The primary objective of this study was to compare the diurnal pattern of forearm vascular resistance (FVR) between hypertensives and normotensives and to determine the effect of COER-V on FVR's diurnal pattern. The authors also studied the effects of COER-V on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and the early morning blood pressure rise. Baseline 24-hour ABP was recorded, and FVR was determined by venous occlusion plethysmography at 7 a.m., 2 p.m., and 9 p.m. in 23 untreated hypertensives; FVR was also determined in 10 matched, normotensive controls. Plethysmography studies and 24-hour ABP were repeated and S- and R-verapamil concentrations determined over 24 hours by HPLC following > or = 4 weeks of therapy. The diurnal pattern of FVR differed between hypertensives and normotensives, with normotensives exhibiting an FVR decline between 2 p.m. and 9 p.m., while FVR rose at 9 p.m. in hypertensives. COER-V appeared to minimize the diurnal variation in FVR in hypertensives, although there were no significant differences at any single time point (baseline 7 a.m.: 58 +/- 24; 2 p.m.: 48 +/- 13; and 9 p.m.: 55 +/- 19 vs. COER-V at 7 a.m.: 51 +/- 23; 2 p.m.: 51 +/- 17; and 9 p.m.: 54 +/- 17 mmHg/ml/min/100 g). COER-V effectively reduced ABP throughout the 24-hour period (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the slopes of the early morning rise in BP or change in morning trough-to-peak BP at baseline and on the drug. The data suggest that hypertension alters the normal diurnal pattern in FVR and that COER-V minimizes the diurnal variation in this parameter. In addition, the authors conclude that COER-V is an effective antihypertensive that lowers BP throughout a 24-hour period, but it does not blunt the early morning rate of BP rise despite peak S-verapamil concentrations in the early morning.
Quantifying the Multi-level Nature of Tiling Interactions

Optimizations, including tiling, often target a single level of memory or parallelism, such as cache. These optimizations usually operate on a level-by-level basis, guided by a cost function parameterized by features of that single level. The benefit of optimizations guided by these one-level cost functions decreases as architectures tend towards a hierarchy of memory and of parallelism. We have identified three common architectural scenarios where a single tiling choice could be improved by using information from multiple levels in concert. For the first two scenarios, we derive multi-level cost functions which guide the optimal choice of tile size and shape, and quantify the improvement gained. We give both analysis and simulation results to support our points. For the third scenario, we summarize our findings.
The Dynamics of Self-Esteem: A Growth-Curve Analysis

Research on adolescent self-esteem has been inconsistent regarding development patterns and processes, with some scholars concluding that self-esteem is a static construct and others concluding that it is a dynamic construct. A potential source of this inconsistency is the lack of attention to intraindividual changes in self-esteem across adolescence and to gender-specific developmental patterns. Building on previous research, we use a growth-curve analysis to examine intraindividual self-esteem changes from early adolescence to early adulthood. Using 7 years of sequential data from the Family Health Study (762 subjects ages 11–16 in Year 1), we estimated a hierarchical growth-curve model that emphasized the effects of age, life events, gender, and family cohesion on self-esteem. The results indicated that age had a curvilinear relationship with self-esteem suggesting that during adolescence self-esteem is a dynamic rather than a static construct. Furthermore, changes in self-esteem during adolescence were influenced by shifts in life events and family cohesion. These processes were different for males and females, particularly during early adolescence.
Mulheres negras: moldando a teoria feminista

Resumo Este texto de bell hooks teve um papel central na discussao contemporânea sobre os limites do feminismo para levar em conta as posicoes sociais e as experiencias das mulheres negras. A critica a visao de que existe um coletivo “mulheres”, bastante presente na literatura posterior, e feita por hooks a partir da exclusao das mulheres negras do conhecimento e da politica feministas. Ela chama atencao para as relacoes de opressao e dominacao entre mulheres e, nelas, para o silenciamento das mulheres negras. O ponto de vista dessas mulheres, em contraposicao a um “nos” baseado na experiencia das mulheres brancas e de classe media, e destacado na construcao da teoria feminista e de um projeto politico feminista radical. Palavras-chave: teoria politica feminista; raca; dominacao; mulheres; poder. Abstract This essay by bell hooks has played a central role in contemporary discussions about the limits of feminism to consider black women’s social positions and experiences. The criticism to the understanding that there is a collective subject such as “women”, very frequent in later literature, is produced by hooks considering the exclusion of black women from feminist knowledge and politics. She underlines oppression and domination among women and that they prevent black women from speaking. The perspective of those women, as opposed to a “we” based on the experience of white middle class women, becomes central in building feminist theory and a radical feminist political project. Keywords: feminist political theory; race; domination; women; power.
In Other Words: Redoing and replaying

Introduction We began this book with a collection of examples illustrating what could be innovative, new, and different in language as opposed to fixed, old, and the same. After suggesting that an expanded and extended version of variation analysis could help us understand two different arenas of language use in which these oppositions appear – reference and narrative – we analyzed variation within both arenas by focusing on what happens when either recurs in ‘second position.’ Each recurrence was different in some way from the first, if only because it was the second ‘doing’ of something that had already appeared in discourse. Sometimes the same concept or meaning reappeared in other words. Other times, the same word reappeared in different texts, in constellations of different words. Sites of second position varied by type and distance, ranging from a word repeated immediately after its completion to a life story narrative told more than ten years apart. My review in this concluding chapter of redoing referrals (Section 9.2) and replaying narratives (Section 9.3) addresses several topics and themes that crosscut both areas of research. I close with general comments about how the analyses are related to several key constructs drawn from different approaches to discourse (Section 9.4). Redoing referrals Referrals are communicative attempts by a speaker to evoke a referent (the idea a speaker has of something in the world) through a referring expression. Accomplishing a referral requires interactive coordination between speaker production and hearer interpretation.
Natural classes in cooccurrence constraints

Natural classes are typically defined by some shared phonetic property, though the segments within such a class may differ substantially along other dimensions. This paper explores two such classes in Quechua: the class of [spread glottis] segments, aspirates and [h], and the class of [constricted glottis] segments, ejectives and [ʔ]. While aspirates and ejectives pattern with their glottal counterparts in the cooccurrence phonotactics of the language, nonce word tasks only find weak evidence of these natural classes. Instead, there is evidence for strong phonotactic restrictions on aspirates and ejectives to the exclusion of their glottal counterparts. It is proposed that the preference for classes of laryngeally marked stops is phonetically based, deriving from the salience of the phonetic properties unique to stops.
Interconnect planning with local area constrained retiming [logic IC layout]

We present a framework that considers global routing, repeater insertion, and flip-flop relocation for early interconnect planning. We formulate the interconnect retiming and flip-flop placement problem as a local area constrained retiming problem and solve it as a series of weighted minimum area retiming problems. Our method for early interconnect planning can reduce and even avoid design iterations between physical planning and high level designs. Experimental results show that our method can reduce the number of area violations by an average of 84% in a single interconnect planning step.
Case Study of an Intervention to Enhance Maternal Sensitivity in Adolescent Mothers

The purpose of this case study was to examine the efficacy of a teen parenting home intervention on maternal sensitivity in one teen mother/infant dyad by exploring the changes from pre- to postintervention in parenting stress, depression, and social support, all of which influence maternal sensitivity. Levels in all four variables of interest changed postintervention as predicted. Assessment and intervention related to maternal sensitivity should be incorporated into care of adolescent mothers in all settings.
OPTIMAL TIMING AND ROUTE OF AMIODARONE FOR PREVENTION OF POST OPERATIVE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY -A NETWORK REGRESSION META-ANALYSIS

There is no conclusive agreement on the optimal route or timing of peri-operative amiodarone administration for prevention of post operative atrial fibrillation(POAF). We attempted to evaluate if an oral only regimen was as effective in preventing POAF after cardiac surgery, in comparison to a