cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Análisis estructural a través de matrices de contabilidad social: una aplicación a la economía andaluza para el período 2005-2010

En este trabajo se estudia la estructura de la economia andaluza en dos momentos del tiempo, 2005 y 2010, con el fin de analizar los posibles efectos de la crisis economica sobre la estructura productiva y el empleo de esta region espanola. Para ello, se emplea la informacion proporcionada por las Matrices de Contabilidad Social Regionales de ambos anos. Las Matrices de Contabilidad Social (MCS) describen el flujo circular de la renta en una economia y aportan la base estadistica necesaria para el analisis de sus sectores clave, las relaciones entre los mismos y su importancia en la generacion de empleo. La metodologia aplicada sera un modelo MCS lineal a traves del analisis de multiplicadores. De esta forma se identificaran los sectores productivos mas relevantes de Andalucia, se realizara una descomposicion de multiplicadores contables en sus tres efectos (directo, indirecto e inducido), y se analizara la importancia de la region en terminos de empleo. Por ultimo, el analisis comparativo entre los distintos anos, tomando como base la estructura de la economia andaluza en el ano 2005, nos permitira obtener una primera aproximacion a los cambios que hayan podido producirse en la estructura economica regional como consecuencia de la reciente crisis.
An Applied Examination of Methods for Detecting Differential Distractor Functioning

This study applied the odds-ratio (Penfield, 2008), the multinomial logistic regression (Kato et al., 2009), and the standardised distractor analysis (Schmitt and Bleistein, 1987) methods in the examination of differential distractor functioning (DDF) effects. Using data from the administration of one statewide mathematics assessment, these methods were applied to provide insight into two research questions; 1) whether the magnitude and pattern of the DDF effect is constant across all methods; 2) whether the pattern of DDF effects supports differential item functioning (DIF) findings. While some differences in results were found, all three methods present a viable option for use in improving test items included in statewide assessment programmes.
Effect of Sound on Creative Performance

Scores on simple creativity tasks were compared for the following sound conditions: quiet, speech, music, and industrial sound. Ss performed better with the music condition than with the industrial...
Sequence-specific self-stitching motif of short single-stranded DNA on a single-walled carbon nanotube.

The DNA-single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) hybrid molecule has attracted significant attention recently for its ability to disperse and sort SWCNTs according to their chirality. Key for utilizing their unique properties is an understanding of the structure of DNA adsorbed on the SWCNT surface, which we study here using molecular simulations. Using replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD), we explore equilibrium structures formed by single strands of 12-mer oligonucleotides, of varying sequence, adsorbed on a (6,5)-SWCNT. We find a consistent motif in which the DNA strand forms a right-handed helical wrap around the SWCNT, stabilized by “stitches” (hydrogen bonding between distant bases) to itself. Variability among equilibrium populations of DNA self-stitched structures was observed and shown to be directly influenced by DNA sequence and composition. Competition between conformational entropy and hydrogen bonding between bases is predicted to be responsible for the formation of random versus stitched...
Vibrational Analysis of the Human Hand

Investigation of hand-arm vibration by means of mechanical impedance techniques has provided objective evaluation of the observation that most of the higher frequency vibration inputs at the hand are not transmitted into the arm. This is reflected in the impedance curves which show two orders of magnitude decrease in apparent mass as frequency is increased from 50 Hz to 1000 Hz. The system may be modeled as damped spring-mass system containing three masses interconnected by springs and dampers.
Pd(II)/Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective allylic C-H activation for the synthesis of spirocyclic rings.

A Pd(II)/Bronsted acid catalyzed migratory ring expansion for the synthesis of indene derivatives possessing a stereogenic spirocyclic carbon center was developed. This transformation is believed to mechanistically proceed via enantioselective allylic C–H activation with concomitant semipinacol ring expansion to the nascent π-allylpalladium species. Enantioselectivities as high as 98% ee were attainable.
Streptavidin-Biotin Crosslinking of Therapeutic Enzymes With Carrier Antibodies

The streptavidin-biotin system may be used to synthesize immunoconjugates for targeted delivery of drugs, including therapeutic enzymes. The size of antibody-enzyme conjugates, which is controlled by the extent of biotinylation and molar ratio between the conjugate components, represents an important parameter that in some cases dictates subcellular addressing of drugs. This chapter describes the methodology of formation and characterization of polymeric immunoconjugates in the nanoscale range. A theoretical model of streptavidin conjugation based on general principles of polymer chemistry is considered. Factors that influence size and functional characterization of resulting polymer conjugates, as well as advantages and limitations of this approach, are described in detail. The protocols describe the formation of immunoconjugates possessing an antioxidant enzyme, catalase, directed to endothelial cells by anti-platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies. However because of the modular nature of the streptavidin-biotin crosslinker system, the techniques herein can be easily adapted for the preparation of nanoscale immunoconjugates delivering other protein drugs to diverse cellular antigens.
LEGAL ISSUES IN BLOOD BANKING : ELEMENTS OF INFORMED CONSENT

In the past, informed consent in pathology was confined chiefly to autopsies. Changes in both consent law and pathology practice led to consent being important in a broader sense in the laboratory. Areas discussed in this article include blood transfusion, tissue specimens, fine needle aspiration, and phlebotomy.
Biomedical Applications of Acoustical Microscopy

Even from the beginnings of acoustical microscopy in the mid-1970’s, biomedical problems were thought to be an important application area for this new technology. In fact, some of the first acoustical microscopy images produced by both Quate at Stanford and Kessler at Zenith were of biological structures. Unfortunately, over the past two decades the wide application of acoustical microscopy to biomedicine never developed as initially predicted. Recently, however, a new generation of biomedical scientists have rediscovered acoustical microscopy and are applying this tool to a myriad of applications in both the basic sciences as well as diagnostic medicine. Biologists are beginning to apply acoustical microscopy to the study of living cells, including cellular development and biochemical processes, in a way simply not possible with any other imaging modality. Pathologists are beginning to use acoustical microscopy to develop a new gold standard by which tissue changes and disease processes may be defined. Medical scientists are developing new tools, based on acoustical microscopy technology, for the noninvasive and minimally invasive diagnosis of tissue state.
Simultaneous hyperparameter estimation and Bayesian image reconstruction for PET

The authors present a new iterative algorithm for Bayesian PET image reconstruction that simultaneously estimates the PET image and the global hyperparameter /spl beta/ of a Gibbs prior. True maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of /spl beta/ is intractable for the PET reconstruction problem due to the complexity and high dimensionality of the probability densities involved. The new algorithm replaces the true likelihood function for the hyperparameter with an approximation in which the marginalization with respect to the image sample space is reduced to the product of a set of one dimensional integrals; one per image pixel. The approximation is closely related to the mean field theory of statistical mechanics. In essence, this reduction in complexity is achieved by approximating the influence of the neighbors of each pixel over their entire sample space with their estimated posterior modes. A preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm is used to iteratively compute a MAP estimate of the image. At periodic intervals, the most recent image generated by this iterative procedure is used as an estimate of the posterior mode in the approximate marginalized log likelihood for the data given /spl beta/, which in turn is used to update the ML estimate of /spl beta/. The procedure is repeated until convergence of both the MAP image estimate and the ML estimate of /spl beta/. Results of a validation study using Monte Carlo simulations are presented. >
Intravenous use of intranasal naloxone: A case of overdose reversal

ABSTRACTBackground: Opioid overdose is a growing concern in the United States and internationally. Prehospital or pre–medical personnel (layperson) administration of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, to reverse overdose, is an expanding mode of harm reduction. Recently, community clinics, methadone clinics, needle exchanges, some pharmacies, and other health care facilities have made naloxone available to the community. Case: This case describes heroin overdose reversal of a 28-year-old male who had been using about a gram of heroin intravenously for 3 years but recently reduced frequency of use in an attempt to stop. He was seen initially 1 week prior to a buprenorphine induction in our clinic. After the initial intake, he used intravenous heroin, a larger amount than over the past several weeks in anticipation of abstinence, lost consciousness, and was difficult to arouse. A friend with him noted the patient's respirations to become shallow and administered naloxone nasal spray that the patient had obtain...
Characterization Of Beta Tubulin Isotypes During Foam Cell Formation

Foam cells contribute to the development of a cardiovascular condition called atherosclerosis. They arise when monocytes become engorged and lipid-laden after exposure to native low-density lipoproteins (Falk, 2006). It is assumed that the cytoskeleton is responsible for the morphological changes observed during foam cell formation. Beta tubulin and alpha tubulin are proteins that dimerize and polymerize to form microtubules, which are an important component of the cytoskeleton (Joshi, 1998). Little is known regarding the changes in cytoskeletal composition, particularly that of beta tubulins, throughout foam cell induction. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the expression patterns of beta tubulin isotypes 1-4 in human THP-1 monocytes throughout foam cell formation and to determine what relationship exists between beta tubulin expression and foam cell lipid aggregation. Levels of beta tubulin 1-4 were measured by western blot and immunofluorescence throughout the stages of foam cell differentiation, and beta tubulin isotypes were manipulated by siRNA to determine the effects of diminished beta tubulin expression on foam cell formation. Regardless of isotype, beta tubulin was always present in the highest amounts in monocytes. Levels of beta tubulin-1 and -4 were significantly decreased in macrophage and foam cells relative to monocytes (p
Navigating Knots: Negotiating the “Original” and Its Embedded Layers of Translations Across Cultural Boundaries

This chapter examines the relationship between author and translator by focusing on the power relations generated by cultural as well as gender differences. Throughout the work of translating the ecocritical essay collection titled Knots Like Stars: The ABCs of the Ecological Imagination in Our Americas by Roberto Forns Broggi, Rauch came to perceive the translation process as re-performance of the text as she and the author collaborated to create a new artifact in English. Rauch employs one of the principal metaphors of her translation project—the Incan khipu, a color-coded system of cords—to envision translation as a visual art that does not distance itself from the notion of voice.
Chemical Interrogation of LuxR-type Quorum Sensing Receptors Reveals New Insights into Receptor Selectivity and the Potential for Interspecies Bacterial Signaling.

Cell–cell signaling between bacteria, including quorum-sensing (QS) communication systems, may play a role in the establishment and maintenance of polymicrobial communities. To better understand and model these interactions, we must uncover the degree to which neighboring species recognize each another’s signals. In the current study, we tested the likelihood of whether the QS systems of two opportunistic pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) that frequently arise in polymicrobial infections would be affected by the QS signals of neighboring species. Through the synthesis and screening of a library of native and non-native N-acyl l-homoserine lactones (AHLs), we found that the AbaR LuxR-type receptor protein of A. baumannii is highly selective for its native AHL signal. However, a homologous LuxR-type receptor in P. aeruginosa, LasR, is far more promiscuously activated by AHLs relative to AbaR, suggesting that LasR-regulated QS could be more susceptible to activation by neighborin...
Prediction of novel stable Fe-V-Si ternary phase

Abstract Genetic algorithm searches based on a cluster expansion model are performed to search for stable phases of Fe-V-Si ternary. We identify a new thermodynamically, dynamically and mechanically stable ternary phase of Fe5V2Si with 2 formula units in a tetragonal unit cell. The formation energy of this new ternary phase is −36.9 meV/atom below the current ternary convex hull. The magnetic moment of Fe in the new structure varies from −0.30–2.52 μB depending strongly on the number of Fe nearest neighbors. The total magnetic moment is 10.44 μB/unit cell for new Fe5V2Si structure and the system is ordinarily metallic.
Association of Higher Daptomycin Dose (7 mg/kg or Greater) with Improved Survival in Patients with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

tudy Objective Current guidelines recommend higher daptomycin doses than the daptomycin label dose of 6 mg/kg for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia; however, the evidence supporting this recommendation is from in vitro and case series studies. This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of the daptomycin label dose versus higher daptomycin doses in patients with MRSA bacteremia. Design Retrospective national cohort study. Setting Veterans Affairs medical centers. Patients A total of 371 adults with MRSA bacteremia who were admitted between 2002 and 2015 and treated initially with vancomycin within 24 hours of initial culture collection and then switched to daptomycin therapy within 7 days; 138 patients (37.2%) received daptomycin doses higher than the daptomycin label dose (7 mg/kg or greater), and 233 (62.8%) received the daptomycin label dose (6 mg/kg). Measurements and Main Results Clinical outcomes were compared among those who received the daptomycin label dose and those who received the higher dose using propensity score–matched Cox proportional hazards regression models. To identify dose partitioning associated with optimal survival, classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was used among patients, controlling for confounding with a 30-day mortality disease risk score. Propensity score–matched 30-day mortality was 8.6% (6/70 patients) among the higher dose group versus 18.6% (13/70 patients) among the label dose group (hazard ratio 0.31, 95% confidence interval 0.10–0.94). No significant differences were observed in inpatient mortality, length of stay, 30-day readmission, or 30-day S. aureus reinfection between groups. CART analysis resulted in doses of 7 mg/kg or greater providing benefit only among patients with higher (more than 51%) predicted probabilities of 30-day mortality (p<0.001). Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first comparative effectiveness study of daptomycin doses in patients with MRSA bacteremia. Survival benefits were observed with doses higher than the daptomycin label dose (7 mg/kg or greater) for the treatment of MRSA bacteremia. These data suggest that higher doses than the daptomycin label dose may be preferred over the label dose for improving clinical outcomes in patients with MRSA bacteremia.
Biosynthesis of Glycosaminoglycans and Proteoglycans

The class of polysaccharides known as glycosaminoglycans consists of repeated disaccharides, usually containing a sulfated hexosamine and uronic acid. As abundant constituents of extracellular matrices, most work on glycosaminoglycans has focused on their roles in cartilage, bone, and synovial fluid, where they are thought to be important for tissue turgor and hydration, ion binding and buffering, and tensile strength and resiliency. Early interest in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans was generated by the discovery of lysosomal storage diseases and disorders of connective tissue metabolism such as arthritis.
Second order parabolic equations and weak uniqueness of diffusions with discontinuous coefficients

We prove the unique solvability of parabolic equations with discon- tinuous leading coefficients in W 1,2 p ((0, T ) × R d ). Using this result, we establish the uniqueness of diffusion processes with time-dependent discontinuous coeffi-
Cell-to-Cell Communication and Development

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses cell-to-cell communication and development. Cell-to-cell communication can be defined as the transfer of low-molecular weight substances from cell-to-cell via a specialized low-resistance pathway. The low-resistance pathway appears to be a cell surface membrane specialization that is called the gap junction or nexus. In essence, junctional pathways are established between cells to permit the exchange of small cytoplasmic molecules or to facilitate the propagation of an action potential from cell-to-cell. The chapter presents a few examples of this modulation that have been studied in laboratory. There has been considerable progress in defining the property of cell-to-cell communication in many different tissues and organisms. Although most of the information has been descriptive, it provides an overall framework for beginning to understand the potential regulatory role of communication in development and differentiation. Recent studies focused on the communication patterns during specified events in differentiation provide access to understanding the way by which communication might perform its functions and the way by which it may be modulated. Cell-to-cell communication property appears to be expressed by almost all cells in both vertebrate and invertebrate organisms.
Evolving changes in M-protein (M), quantitative involved immunoglobulin (Ig), and hemoglobin (Hb) to identify patients (pts) with ultra high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (UHR-SMM).

8004Background: There are limited data on the impact of evolving changes in SMM biomarkers on risk of progression to multiple myeloma (MM). We aimed to utilize such changes to identify an UHR-SMM s...
Representing species distributions in spatially-explicit ecosystem models from presence-only data

Abstract Spatially-explicit ecosystem models are increasingly considered for informing fisheries management. The inputs of these models that determine species distributions in the modeled system are critical. There is a need for methods to estimate species distributions in spatially-explicit ecosystem models from presence-only data. To address this need, we used a method relying on binomial generalized additive models integrating environmental covariates. This method allows for the production of distribution maps for ecosystem models such as Atlantis models, and of preference functions for Ecospace models; preference functions define the preferences of species groups for certain environmental parameter values and are employed by Ecospace to allocate species group biomasses spatially. The key step of the method we used is the objective generation of pseudo-absences for each month, by sampling with replacement the centroids of the cells of fine-scale spatial grids defined for each month. To demonstrate the method, we applied it to the diving bird and surface-feeding bird groups represented in the Atlantis model for the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), and to the seabird group represented in the Ecospace model for the West Florida Shelf. We also employed the distribution maps we constructed to provide a basis for a hypothetical marine protected area (MPA) planning scenario aiming to secure food for seabirds. Specifically, we produced a hotspot map for seabirds for the U.S. GOM from the distribution map of the species group, and then combined the hotspot map for seabirds with a hotspot map for their main prey, forage fish (Clupeidae and Exocoetidae), to determine where the hotspots of seabirds and forage fish overlap. This analysis suggested that, to secure forage fish for seabirds in the U.S. GOM, hypothetical MPAs should be implemented primarily within the coastal regions of the Louisiana-Texas shelf, within the coastal region of West Florida located between Sarasota and Naples and/or within Apalachee Bay, Florida.
A model of decision-making with sequential information-acquisition (part 1)

Abstract While most real-life decisions are of necessity made with less than perfect information, there is usually some opportunity to acquire additional information regarding the problem at hand before a final decision is made. It is, of course, the recognition of this fact which has led to the importance now attached to the field of Decision Support Systems. On the other hand, the formal analysis of the sort of decision problem for which Decision Support Systems can be useful appears to have lagged behind the developments in applications. In this paper we develop a model of decision-making in which there is available a variety of informational sources (experiments) which can reduce (though generally not eliminate) the uncertainty associated with the final decisions. Since the informational sources are available only at some cost (either monetarily or in terms of time, or both), the decision-maker must solve two conceptually distinct problems: (1) developing an optimal information-gathering strategy, and (2) developing an optimal final decision strategy, conditional upon the information obtained during the information-gathering process. A theoretical framework is developed here for the analysis of this general problem, and fairly complete solutions are obtained for some interesting special cases; most notably the computer file search problem.
The role of SSeCKS/gravin/AKAP12 scaffolding proteins in the spaciotemporal control of signaling pathways in oncogenesis and development .

Scaffolding proteins are thought to facilitate the efficiency and specificity of enzyme/substrate reactions by coordinating their interaction along a cytoskeletal infrastructure in a spacial and temporal manner. Rodent SSeCKS, and its human orthologue, Gravin, seem to function as tumor suppressors and regulators of mitogenesis, inflammatory response, development and differentiation via novel scaffolding functions involving the selective binding of key G1-->S phase signaling proteins such as protein kinase C (PKC), PKA, calmodulin, cyclins and beta-adrenergic receptors. The association of SSeCKS/Gravin with the actin-based cytoskeleton as well as to plasma membrane sites via N-terminal myristylation places these proteins at the junction of signaling and cytoskeletal pathways. The following review describes the regulatory and scaffolding functions of SSeCKS and Gravin and how mitogen-induced phosphorylation modulates their ability to regulate cell adhesion, signaling, mitogenesis and oncogenesis.
Metabolic outcomes after total pancreatectomy followed by islet autotransplantation (TPIAT): Mixed blessings

Abstract The metabolic outcomes of successful total pancreatectomy followed by autoislet transplantation (TPIAT) involve longitudinal assessment of levels of plasma glucose and HbA1c, as well as pancreatic islet β-cell and α-cell function. Successful prevention of diabetes requires approximately 350,000 islets or > 5000 islets/kg body weight. In a large series from the University of Minnesota, use of this quantity of islets can achieve HbA1c levels of
Lumbar drain complications in patients undergoing fenestrated or branched endovascular aortic aneurysm repair: Development of an institutional protocol for lumbar drain management.

Abstract Objective Lumbar drain placement with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is an effective adjunct for reducing the risk of spinal cord ischemia in patients undergoing complex aortic aneurysm repair. However, lumbar drain placement is a challenging procedure with potential for significant complications. We sought to characterize complications of lumbar drain placement in a large, single-center experience of patients who underwent fenestrated or branched endovascular aneurysm repair (F/BEVAR). Methods All patients who underwent F/BEVAR and attempted lumbar drain placement from 2010 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. All lumbar drains were placed by four cardiovascular anesthesiologists who compose the complex aortic anesthesia team. Lumbar drain placement was guided by a set protocol and used whenever the aortic stent graft coverage was planned to extend more proximal than 40 mm above the celiac artery. Details relating to lumbar drain placement, management, and frequency and type of associated complications were characterized. Results During the study period, 256 patients underwent F/BEVAR, of whom 100 (39%) were planned for lumbar drain placement. Successful placement occurred in 98 (98%) of the cases. All lumbar drains were placed before induction of general anesthesia, using fluoroscopy guidance in 28 cases (28%). The most common level of placement was L4-5 (n = 42 [42%]). The majority (n = 82 [82%]) were left in place ≤48 hours; 21% were removed during the first 24 hours, and 61% were removed between 24 and 48 hours. Nonfunctionality was the most common complication, occurring in 16 (16%) patients. Catheter dislodgment or fracture, CSF leak, and postdural puncture headache were observed in 4 (4%), 7 (7%), and 4 (4%) patients, respectively. The most common bleeding complication was the presence of asymptomatic blood in the CSF (n = 11 [11%]), whereas subarachnoid hemorrhage combined with intraventricular hemorrhage occurred in three patients (3%); none of these patients required surgical drainage or intervention. No infectious complications were observed. Conclusions Lumbar drain placement for CSF drainage is a commonly employed adjunct to prevent spinal cord ischemia in F/BEVAR. Our experience demonstrates that lumbar drain placement can be performed successfully but is associated with a significant rate of nonfunctionality and a diverse range of complications that, fortunately, do not commonly have significant long-term sequelae.
Infected Nonunion of the Clavicle

Infections after operative treatment of fractures can complicate the treatment of a nonunion and should always be considered with an appropriate workup. Infected nonunions are often treated with a two-stage surgical protocol including: aggressive surgical debridement with intraoperative cultures, temporary stability depending on the anatomic region, optional local antibiotic at the site of nonunion, and an appropriate course of targeted systemic antibiotics. Presumed aseptic nonunions with an unanticipated infection can be treated in a single-staged procedure at the time of surgery with nonunion debridement and repair with fracture fixation and optional bone grafting, followed by a course of systemic antibiotics. In the setting of previous infection, high rates of union can still be achieved in a single procedure or staged fashion. The decision for hardware removal after fracture union should be made by the surgeon with appropriate consultation.
Kansas State University Department of Statistics

The Department of Statistics at Kansas State University came into being under the authorization of the Kansas Board of Regents on July 1, 1959. Holly C. Fryer was named the initial head and there were five faculty members in the department. The department continues to be a vibrant and active entity today, with 14 faculty members, nearly 60 graduate students, and 3 staff positions.
Anti-measles antibody levels in healthy people in Jinshan District of Shanghai

Objective To detect the levels of anti-measles antibody in a healthy population in Jinshan District of Shanghai and to provide references for making a better immunization strategy against measles in this area. Methods Stratified sampling was used to collect 390 serum sample in 12 age groups with an equal number of males and females as well as resident and floating population. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the concentrations of IgG antibody against measles in different groups. Results The overall positive rate and protective rate of anti-measles antibody were 78.21% and 41.28%, respectively. No significant difference in the positive rates of antibody was found between males and females, or resident and floating population (P>0.05). Antibody levels varied significantly among different age groups (χ2=191.214, P 0.05). Conclusion The average level of anti-measles antibody was high in Jinshan District in 2015, indicating that the people in that area had a relatively high immunity to measles, but the positive rate of antibody needed to be further improved. Infants under 8 months old and people 10 to 39 years old were the main susceptible groups. It is suggested that measles vaccination efforts should be focused on susceptible population and women of childbearing age to improve herd immunity. Key words: Measles; Antibody level; Positive rate
Dancing Barefoot and Politicizing Dance at the White House: Eleanor Roosevelt and Martha Graham’s Collaboration During the Rise of Fascism in Europe

Focusing on the collaboration between Eleanor Roosevelt and the modern dancer Martha Graham, the chapter analyzes the former First Lady’s intricate, courageous, and innovative relationship with American arts and American cultural diplomacy during a very sensitive and complicated historical time. Eleanor Roosevelt invited Martha Graham to perform “American Document” at the White House in 1937. Like in the case of Marion Anderson’s invitation, Graham’s performance of modernism and American art was not only a social event but a political statement. Most importantly, Mrs. Roosevelt’s innovative melange of arts and politics took place during a time when Americans did not believe yet in the power of the arts in making (and unmaking) political and diplomatic statements. Eleanor Roosevelt’s visionary involvement in the development of American cultural diplomacy continued during the 1950s; now a recognized politician and diplomat, she helped Martha Graham during her first tour in Europe. Even more so, when Mrs. Roosevelt’s old friend, Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, visited Hyde Park in 1952, she orchestrated the Queen’s meeting with Graham in New York City. Thus, on the occasion of Graham’s second European tour, in 1954, the Queen attended one of her performances. It was an unprecedented success for the dancer and American public diplomacy in Europe, on the background of which Eleanor Roosevelt played a major role.
Comparative Analysis of Mission Planning and Execution Times Between the Microsoft HoloLens and the Surface Touch Table

In this paper, we present results of an investigation comparing two visualization technologies: the Microsoft HoloLens and the Microsoft Surface Touch Table. Two-person teams (dyads) played the role of commander’s staff tasked with planning the most efficient and safest mission route for a squad of soldiers to extract a repository of intelligence documents from the ruins of a building located in enemy territory. Quantitative and qualitative measures of performance were collected. We focused on two performance measures: total mission planning time and mission execution time (the planned route run in a simulated execution mode). Surprisingly, there was a significant decrease in planning time when using the Surface Touch Table. The dyads needed on average 86% more time to plan the mission using the HoloLens. Additionally, this increase in mission planning time associated with the HoloLens did not produce a more optimal mission solution. In a search for understanding the unexpected results, a content analysis of a preferred visualization questionnaire is described. Analysis results suggested: a more realistic scene invited unnecessary exploration instead of focused time on task; becoming familiar with the HoloLens spilled over into task time; collaborative and communication difficulties stemmed from the HoloLens being designed as a single-user device.
Chile's 2019 October Protests and the Student Movement: Eventful Mobilization?

Entre octubre y diciembre de 2019 una ola de protestas masivas (en ocasiones violentas) remecio Chile, abriendo nuevas posibilidades politicas para el pais. Este articulo investiga en que medida dichos eventos afectaron la organizacion, identidad y estrategias del movimiento estudiantil: un actor crucial en el ciclo de movilizacion de octubre y un protagonista importante de la politica chilena de las ultimas dos decadas. Con base en un analisis cualitativo de cobertura de prensa y entrevistas en profundidad a importantes figuras estudiantiles, el trabajo argumenta que aun cuando el ciclo de protesta genero un momento de inflexionnacional, este no constituyo necesariamente una coyuntura historica de cambio para el movimiento estudiantil. En el proceso de explicar esta paradoja, el articulo confirma que el impacto transformativo de la protesta en los movimientos sociales depende de su fortaleza organizativa y del caracter de sus repertorios de protesta. El articulo destaca asimismo que algunos factores no considerados por la literatura de movimientos sociales —incluyendo el impacto de movilizaciones precedentes y el sitio de la protesta— median el impacto que eventos de protesta tienen en los movimientos sociales involucrados.
Latest results of the LUX dark matter experiment

LUX (Large Underground Xenon) was a dark matter experiment, which was housed at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in South Dakota until late 2016, and previously set world-leading li...
Long-term trends in concentrations and sources of PM2.5–bound metals and elements in central Los Angeles

Abstract In this study, we investigated long-term trends in the ambient concentrations and sources of redox-active metals and trace elements in central Los Angeles over the period of 2005–2018. Mass concentrations of PM2.5-bound metals and crustal elements were obtained from the Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) database provided by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). The recorded metal concentrations showed considerable variations throughout the study period, but they generally followed a descending trend from 2005 to 2018. The decline in annual average concentration of metals was more pronounced for V and Ni. In order to further investigate and interpret the observed decreasing trends, this dataset of 2005–2018 was employed in the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to determine the contribution of different sources to the total metals’ concentrations and their trends over time. Four major sources were identified by the PMF model, including mineral dust, re-suspended road dust, combustion, and tire wear. Mineral dust (50 ± 8%) and re-suspended road dust (38 ± 13%) were the dominant contributors to total metal concentrations, followed by combustion emissions (9 ± 8%) and tire wear (2 ± 1%). While the PMF results showed generally consistent contributions of mineral dust to total metals concentration throughout the investigation period, the contribution of re-suspended road dust to total metals increased from 2013 to 2018 probably due to the increased road traffic (expressed in the form of vehicle miles traveled, VMT) as well as the growing use of electric vehicles (EVs) (which increases resuspension of road dust particles due to their heavy weight) in the area during the same period. In contrast, the contribution of combustion emissions decreased by almost 88% from 2005 to 2018. Using the PMF-resolved factor profiles, we investigated the contribution of the four identified sources to selected individual metals (i.e., Ba, Br, Fe, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, and Zn). The observed decrease in the mass concentration of V and Ni over time was attributed to the reduction in combustion sources and particularly industrial emissions, further corroborating the effectiveness of aftertreatment and air quality policies in reducing the levels of redox-active metals across Los Angeles.
A Review of Forensic Medicine

Forensic Medicine is an encyclopedic work addressed to all who are interested and involved in medicolegal matters. This book differs significantly from other books in forensic medicine and pathology in that much of it is devoted to the examination, evaluation, and treatment of the living person, injured in either the medical or legal sense, rather than primarily to postmortem studies.
The effect of lead on the metabolism of a nuclear matrix protein which becomes prominent in lead-induced intranuclear inclusion bodies.

Abstract The influence of lead and calcium on the metabolism of a nuclear matrix protein has been studied in mouse neuroblastoma 2a (Nb2a) cells. This protein, p32/6.3, has an unusual distribution in that it is relatively abundant only in normal neural tissues and in intranuclear inclusion bodies induced in kidney tubule-lining cells of chronically lead-intoxicated animals (Egle, P. M., and Shelton, K. R. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 2294-2298). The mechanism(s) whereby lead increases p32/6.3 content are of interest, but its slow accumulation in intact animals over a period of weeks to months precludes studies with metabolic inhibitors. However, the enriched levels of p32/6.3 in mouse neuroblastoma 2a (Nb2a) cells permit these studies. The relative abundance of this protein was found to increase in mouse Nb2a cells after 1- and 3-day exposures to lead. This increase could be attributed to a decreased rate of degradation rather than either increased transcription or increased translation. A role for calcium in p32/6.3 regulation was also explored. Although neither increased extracellular calcium nor calcium ionophores had an effect, treatment of the cells with the calcium chelator [ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)]tetraacetic acid decreased p32/6.3 levels in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting a role for calcium in the normal metabolism of the protein.
Bony Targets of Non-“skeletal” Hormones

Even the most superficial review of the older literature in endocrinology quickly reveals that there was a time when skeletal changes were considered to be among the important features expected in any endocrine disorder. It seemed obvious, for example, that changes in skeletal growth should be a prominent if not central feature of disturbances of pituitary function and growth hormone secretion. Thus, as the effects of other endocrine glands — thyroid, adrenal, gonads — began to be explored it was not surprising that the list of organ systems examined almost always included the skeleton. Thanks to this broad view a considerable number of empiric observations about hormonal effects on bone gradually accumulated (Silberberg and Silberberg, 1956; Asling and Evans, 1956). In some instances this search for skeletal effects was richly rewarded, as in the case of the parathyroids. In others, the effect could only be clearly shown in certain species as for example the marked influence of female sex hormones on avi an bone (Kyes, 1934). In still another group — the thyroid and adrenals are good examples — while effects on the skeleton were seen these were far less dramatic than the effects observed in other organs and systems.
Hepatic hemangiomas: Pitfalls in scintigraphic detection

Abstract The evaluation of solitary hepatic lesions detected on scintiscans is a common clinical problem. It is usually assumed that radionuclide rapid sequence flow studies and blood pool images are reliable and accurate methods of demonstrating the vascularity of hepatic lesions. Our recent experience with 3 patients with angiographically proven hepatic hemangiomas indicates that radionuclide techniques may fail to detect the vascularity of hemangiomas. We speculate that blood flow within a hepatic hemangioma may be sluggish and its vascularity may be appreciated only by arteriography. Therefore, we alert the clinician to assess the vascularity of solitary hepatic tumors by angiography before percutaneous liver biopsy and thereby avert the possibility of life-threatening exsanguination, as occurred in one of our patients.
Detention, deportation, devolution and immigrant incapacitation in the US, post 9/11

In this paper we examine perhaps the most significant shift in US immigration enforcement since the militarisation of the US–Mexico border in the late 1980s and early 1990s – the now decade-long transformation of immigration enforcement from an outwards-looking power, located at the territorial margins of the state, into also an inwards-looking power focused on resident immigrant everydays. In large measure this shift in the geography of immigration policing is due to an unprecedented devolution of a once exclusively federal power to regulate immigration to non-federal law enforcement agencies operating in non-border spaces in the post-9/11 environment. We argue that the result of this shift in the ‘where’ of immigration enforcement amounts to a spatialised tactic of immigrant ‘incapacitation’.
Recognizing Vicarious Traumatization: A Single Session Group Model for Trauma Workers

Social workers and other human service professionals who work with clients affected by traumatic life events such as sexual assault, domestic violence, and child abuse run the risk of experiencing vicarious traumatization (VT). This article will report on a single-session VT group model for agency-based trauma workers. This psychoeducation group model emphasized mutual aid, confidentiality, context, case vignettes, and self care strategies. Implications for social work are discussed.
Optimal Scheduling for Parallel CBR Video Servers

Parallel video servers are necessary for large-scale video-on-demand and other multimedia systems. This paper addresses the scheduling problem of parallel video servers. We discuss scheduling requirements of constant bit rate (CBR) video streams. Optimal algorithms are presented for conflict-free scheduling, delay minimization, request relocation, and admission control. With these algorithms, video streams can be precisely scheduled for Quality of Service requirements. Performance of these algorithms is also presented.
Terminal Disinfection in Hospitals with Quaternary Ammonium Compounds by Use of a Spray-Fog Technique

Spray-fogging of hospital rooms with a quarternary ammonium disinfectant was found to be an effective means of reducing the number of detectable airborne and surface bacteria. The level of bacterial contamination in hospital rooms was determined before and after fogging by means of the gravitational fallout method, the petri dish swab technique, and volumetric air-sampling procedures. Rooms vacated by patients infected with staphylococci, streptococci, pseudomonads, and salmonellae were tested and found to be effectively decontaminated of most of the detectable organisms by the fogging procedure.
Two Integrated Experimental and Modeling Approaches to Study Strain Distributions in Nickel and Nickel‐Base Superalloy Polycrystals

This work presents two integrated experimental and modeling approaches for examining polycrystals at different length scales, which utilize different experimental techniques but the same elasto-crystal plasticity based finite element model (CPFEM). The goal of this work is to calibrate modeling approaches through experimental data, and then use the models to gain insight into the mechanics of deformation in nickel and nickel-base superalloy polycrystals. The first study utilized a micro-tensile test specimen of pure nickel with 259 grains, where the CPFEM simulations were initiated with the explicit 3D microstructure as measured with 3D-Electron Back Scattering Detection (EBSD) serial sectioning and compared with surface deformations measured with Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The second study utilized a larger polycrystalline nickel-base superalloy specimen with approximately 50,000 grains, where the CPFEM simulation results are compared with lattice strain data obtained through high energy x-ray diffraction utilizing a synchrotron x-ray source. In both cases the simulations are compared with different aspects of the experimental strain information (surface strain or lattice strain), and then the simulations are used to explore aspects of the heterogeneous nature of the deformation that are difficult or impossible to measure experimentally.
Lactose permease mutants which transport (malto)-oligosaccharides.

Lactose permease mutants, which were previously isolated in sugar specificity studies, were screened for their abilities to transport the trisaccharide maltotriose. Six multiple mutants (e.g., five double mutants and one triple mutant) were identified as forming fermentation-positive colonies on maltotriose MacConkey plates and were also shown to grow on maltotriose minimal plates. All of these multiple mutants contained a combination of two or three amino acid substitutions at position 177, 236, 306, or 322 within the permease. In contrast, none of the corresponding single mutants at these locations were observed to exhibit an enhanced rate of maltotriose transport. In whole-cell assays, the multiple mutants were shown to transport relatively long alpha-nitrophenylglucoside (alpha NPG) molecules. In certain cases, alpha NPG molecules containing up to four glucose residues in addition to the nitrophenyl group were shown to be transported to a significant degree. Overall, the abilities of lactose permease mutants to transport maltotriose and long alpha NPGs are discussed with regard to the dimensions of the sugar and the mechanism of sugar transport.
The Park Chung Hee Era: The Transformation of South Korea – Edited by Byung‐Kook Kim and Ezra F. Vogel

South Korea's spectacular rise from among the poorer new nations of the post‐1945 era to a wealthy, dynamic member of the developed world has been the subject of a sizable literature. Much of it ha...