cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Daily meaning salience and physical activity in previously inactive exercise initiates.

OBJECTIVE Individuals living with more experienced meaning, or meaning salience, may be more likely to engage in health behaviors including physical activity. This study examined daily meaning salience and physical activity in previously inactive exercise initiates. METHOD Inactive adults (N = 80, 78% female, Mage = 43 years, SD = 11 years) intending to increase physical activity participated in a daily diary study. At baseline, participants completed self-report questionnaires of demographics, global meaning and purpose, depressive symptoms, and motivation. Fitness center attendance was extracted from the member database. Participants self-reported meaning salience, positive mood, negative mood, and physical activity (duration in minutes; intensity in ratings of perceived exertion) daily for the first 28 days. Multilevel and multiple regression analyses were used. RESULTS Multilevel models revealed that controlling for demographics, mood, and motivation, for every standard deviation increase in meaning salience, participants were 44% more likely to visit the fitness center, odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, 95% CI [1.24,1.68], p < .001. Further, increases in meaning salience above average were positively related to physical activity duration, β = .19, p < .001, and intensity, β = .13, p < .001. Global meaning and purpose were not significantly related to physical activity duration, physical activity intensity, or fitness center visits over the 28 days. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that increased meaning salience, but not global meaning or purpose, is associated with physical activity participation in previously inactive exercise initiates, and may be a proximal predictor of physical activity behavior. Future research should use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) designs to examine the relationship within days and over longer intervals. (PsycINFO Database Record
From Expectation to Actual Perception after Experience: A Longitudinal Study of the Perceptions of Student Response Systems

Interactive student response systems (SRSs) are becoming popular as many instructors at the tertiary level education institutions adopt the systems to transform traditional passive lectures into interactive classes. Despite the popularity and numerous benefits of SRSs, there is conflicting evidence regarding the current levels of perceptions and actual performances before and after use the systems. We believe the inconsistent result stems from the differences between the level of expectation and the level of actual perceptions after they use the systems. Students’ beliefs and attitudes are key perceptions toward the information technology (i.e., SRSs) usage. However, these perceptions may change over time as they gain direct experience with the technology. In this study, therefore, we test students’ expectations and perceptions of the technology and provide a comparative result from a longitudinal perspective. More specifically, in this study, we examine students’ perceptional differences in terms of well-known technology acceptance constructs such as perceived usefulness, ease of use, enjoyment, and intention to use the systems before and after they actually use the systems. The results confirm that there are differences between the levels of expectations and actually perceptions of cognitive beliefs across three-stage of experience. However, there are no differences of students’ perceptions between initial usage and second-time usage. In other words, the very first direct experience of students will become a salient determinant of their perception of cognitive beliefs and behavioral intention, but the second experience does not provide the same level of impact as much the first one does. We believe that the result of the study will provide solid understanding of the gap between the levels of expectations and actual perceptions of a technology before and after usage, which will explain the inconsistent results related to the SRSs. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Demonstration of Ion Exchange Column Chromatography of Amino Acids

Ion exchange may take place between the ionic components of a solvent and the counter ions of a solid phase. Such materials occur in nature, but synthetic ion exchange resins with far greater capacity have been developed and made commercially available. Cross-linked high polymers, having -OH, -SO3H, -COOH, -N = (CH3)2, etc. groups are able to bind cations. One of the best known groups of cation exchangers comprises the sulfonated polystyrene derivatives. Other polymers having amino groups in their structure will bind anions. These resins, coming into contact with a solution containing another cation or anion, may release their loosely held counter ions and pick up another from the solution. For example, Dowex 50 cationic exchanger having bound H+ ions will release hydrogen and pick up sodium if it makes contact with sodium chloride solution. The released hydrogen forms hydrochloric acid with the chlorine anions. If such a HCl-containing filtrate is mixed with an anion exchange resin, such as Dowex 1 in OH- form, the chlorine will be exchanged with OH- and the filtrate of this mixture is salt-free neutral water.
Basal Cell Carcinoma with Matrical Differentiation

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer. Many variants are acknowledged, but the presence of matrical differentiation (recapitulating the follicular hair matrix) is exceedingly rare. Description of the entity is limited to single case reports or small case series.
High Density Lipoprotein Particles

Low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol have been associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. In this chapter, we discuss the compositional and functional heterogeneity of HDL particles. We briefly describe different approaches to HDL particle characterization (by size, by apolipoprotein content, by protein content) and concentrate specifically on characterization by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and image analysis. We describe the presence of distinct apolipoprotein A-I containing HDL particles and their major apolipoprotein compositions. These particles include very small, discoidal preβ-1 precursor HDL, very small discoidal α-4 HDL, small semi-spherical α-3 HDL, medium spherical α-2 HDL, and large spherical α-1 HDL. In addition, we review recent findings related to HDL proteomics and to possible new functions of HDL. In addition to reverse cholesterol transport, HDL has a large variety of other functions, as evidenced by the discovery of a large number of complement proteins, proteases, coagulation proteins, and proteins associated with HDL and involved in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, oxidation, and hemoglobin metabolism. These observations suggest an important role for HDL particles in the immune response, proteolysis, coagulation, angiogenesis, and other processes.
Cannabimimetic Indoles, Pyrroles, and Indenes: Structure–Activity Relationships and Receptor Interactions

A number of years ago it was found that 1-aminoalkyl-3-aroylindoles have affinity for the canabinoid receptor that is expressed in the central nervous system (CB1 receptor). More than 100 of these aminoalkylindoles were prepared and structure–activity relationships (SARs) were developed for these compounds. Subsequently it was found that the aminoalkyl substituent could be replaced by a straight chain alkyl group of four to six carbon atoms without loss of affinity for the CB1 receptor. One of these indoles, 1-propyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole was found to have relatively high affinity for the cannabinoid receptor that is expressed in the periphery (CB2 receptor), but with little affinity for the CB1 receptor. In order to explore the SAR for these cannabimimetic 3-(1-naphthoyl)alkylindoles a number of compounds have been synthesized, some of which have very high affinity for the CB1 receptor and others which are highly selective for the CB2 receptor.
Chromosomal Abnormalities in Leukemia and Lymphoma: Clinical and Biological Significance

Cytogenetic analysis of human tumors is one of the most rapidly progressing and exciting areas of cancer research. Major advances in our understanding of the specificity of some of the abnormalities observed have occurred within the last 10 years with the application of both chromosome banding techniques and improved methods of cell culture. Thus, the hypothesis put forward by Boveri at the turn of the century, that an abnormal chromosome pattern was intimately associated with the malignant phenotype of the tumor cell, can now be tested with the substantial hope of obtaining a valid answer (Boveri, 1914).
Nonlinear Higher-Dimensional Representations

Apart from the extended formulations discussed in Chap. 5, a number of authors have proposed nonlinear higher dimensional constructions that provide tighter relaxations of convPI.
Giant Retinal Tears

Giant retinal tears with an inverted retinal flap are difficult to treat successfully (Fig. 1). The principle of unfolding the inverted flap by preoperative (1, 2) or intraoperative (2, 3) positioning of the patient and/or by use of an intravitreal bubble and postoperative rotation of the patient (4, 5) has been widely accepted. However, only since development of modern vitreous surgery methods has it been possible to effectively unfold the inverted retinal flap in the majority of cases. Vitreous surgery provides capabilities to: 1) relieve vitreoretinal traction and traction due to epiretinal tissue, and 2) to create a large fluid-filled space in the vitreous cavity that permits effective use of an intraocular bubble to unfold the retinal flap during (6, 7) or after surgery (7, 8).
Situs inversus: Report of three cases and a review of the literature

Summary Situs inversus per se is a relativelyrare and harmless condition, the incidence of which is unknown. This congential malformation was discovered three times in 51,246 admissions to Hubbard Hospital (1:17,000). Its clinical significance arises in the fact that it suggests the presence of other congenital malformations which may be seriously handicapping, and because it can on occasion explain otherwise bizarre findings during acute abdominal episodes. Three cases are presented in femaleinfants, all of whom died during the first year of life. Of these, one patient was found to have levocardia.
APPROPRIATE USE OF ECHOCARDIOGRAM IN SYNCOPE: A GUIDELINE-BASED EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION DID NOT IMPACT ORDERING TENDENCIES

In patients with syncope that have an unremarkable cardiac history and normal electrocardiogram (ECG), routine use of echocardiography (TTE) has a low diagnostic yield. This study sought to improve the appropriate use of TTE in the workup of syncope at a large, community-based teaching hospital. An
Trends in Blood Urea Nitrogen to Creatinine Ratio between Listing and Heart Transplant are Associated with Poor Post-Transplant Outcomes

Purpose Non-dialysis dependent patients with renal impairment undergoing heart transplantation (HT) alone are at higher risk of mortality and poor renal outcomes compared to those undergoing heart-kidney transplantation (HKT). It remains unclear what parameters might identify patients who may benefit from HKT compared to HT. We investigated whether interval changes in blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio (BCR) between listing and transplant in those with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30 - 59 ml/min/1.73 m2) are associated with higher risk of post-HT death or worsening renal function (WRF). Methods We identified 159 patients undergoing HT at our institution between 1/2009 and 2/2018. Absolute changes in BCR between listing and transplant were categorized as improved (BCR decreased) or worsened (BCR increased). Next, the following groups were created: Group 1 - improved BCR and BCR ≤ 21 at HT, Group 2 - worsened BCR but remained ≤21 at HT, Group 3 - worsened BCR and BCR >21 at HT, and Group 4 - improved BCR but remained >21 at HT. WRF was defined as a decrease in eGFR by >25% or need for dialysis between HT and 1-year follow up. One-year composite risk of death or dialysis was our primary outcome of interest; WRF in survivors was our secondary outcome of interest. Results By 1 year, a total of 14 patients died and 43 had WRF, including 15 who needed dialysis. The BCR improved in 98 patients (62%) and worsened in 61 (38%); BCR was >21 at HT in 25 patients (16%). Group 4 incurred highest risk of both the primary and secondary outcomes (see figure) with adjusted hazard ratio of 3.81 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.45-10.00; p Conclusion High BCR at listing that remained >21 at HT despite interval improvement was associated with increased risk of death or dialysis and WRF. These findings warrant further pathophysiologic explanation.
Proposed Sources of Hadean Zircons

Any successful geodynamic or environmental model for early Earth must be consistent with ten robust lines of evidence derived from geochemical and petrologic observations of Hadean Jack Hills zircons. These are: (1) a zircon sub-population enriched in 18O and depleted in 30Si relative to mantle values; (2) low crystallization temperatures; (3) the presence of primary hydrous mineral inclusions; (4) the predominance of magmatic muscovite, quartz, and biotite inclusions; (5) zircon formation in relatively low heat flow environments; (6) sub-chondritic initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios consistent with source isolation as early as 4.50 Ga; (7) fission Xe isotope compositions indicating variable fractionation of Pu from U; (8) the absence of ultra-high pressure mineral inclusions; (9) zircon formation under a wide range of redox conditions; and (10) geochemical signatures diagnostic of felsic continental crust. Numerous models have been proposed to explain these characteristics, including an origin similar to Icelandic rhyolites or lunar KREEP terranes, crystallization from mafic igneous rocks, formation in impact melts or sagduction, plate boundary and heat pipe tectonic environments, and multi-stage scenarios involving several of these mechanisms. While an origin of Jack Hills Hadean zircons in felsic and intermediate granitoids in a plate-boundary-type setting is consistent with all ten geochemically-derived constraints, competitor models are either only partially consistent or inconsistent with the evidence.
Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Pilot Study.

Objectives/hypothesis Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sickle cell disease (SCD) represent two complex disease processes. Current guidelines recommend that children with SCD receive polysomnography (PSG) after presenting with signs or symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Recent studies suggest a disproportionately elevated prevalence of SDB in the population of children with SCD, and traditional risk factors may not be evident within these patients. Further objective testing might be needed to screen all pediatric patients with SCD, even in the absence of overt signs or symptoms of OSA to prevent complications of both conditions. Study design Prospective cohort study. Methods Institutional review board approval was obtained. An eight-question OSA risk assessment screening questionnaire was presented prospectively to 100 consecutive patients with SCD in the pediatric hematology clinic regardless of complaints of SDB. Results Out of 100 patients, 51 were female. The average age, body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile, and I'M SLEEPY score of the entire cohort were 3.97 years, 15.97%, 55.4%, and 1.63%, respectively. Nineteen patients had a positive sleep apnea screening score and were referred for PSG. The average age BMI, BMI percentile, and I'M SLEEPY score for those 19 patients were 3.77%, 16.67%, 65%, and 3.95%, respectively. Ten patients completed PSG, with seven diagnosed with OSA. Conclusions This pilot study demonstrates a higher incidence of SDB and OSA in children with SCD relative to the general pediatric population. Although more PSG reports and further testing is needed to determine whether the results hold, preliminary data indicate that children with SCD should at least undergo OSA screening in the office regardless of overt symptoms. Level of evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 131:E1022-E1028, 2021.
Method to decompose uncertainties in LCA results into contributing factors

Understanding uncertainty is essential in using life cycle assessment (LCA) to support decisions. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is widely used to characterize the variability in LCA results, be them life cycle inventory (LCI), category indicator results, normalized results, or weighted results. In this study, we present a new method to decompose MCS results into underlying contributors using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) decomposition method with a case study on natural gas focusing on two impact categories: global warming and USETox human health impacts. First, after each run of MCS, the difference in simulated and deterministic results is decomposed using the LMDI decomposition method, which returns the contribution of each factor to the difference of the run. After repeating this for 1000 MCS runs, the statistical properties of the contributions by each factor are analyzed. The method quantifies the contribution of underlying variables, such as characterization factors and LCI items, to the overall variability of the result, such as characterized results. The method presented can decompose the variabilities in LCI, characterized, normalized, or weighted results into LCI items, characterization factors, normalization references, weighting factors, or any subset of them. As an illustrative example, a case study on natural gas LCA was conducted, and the variabilities in characterized results were decomposed into underlying LCI items and characterization factors. The results show that LCI and characterization phases contribute 65% and 35%, respectively, to the uncertainty of the characterized result for global warming. For the human health impact category, LCIs and characterization factors contribute 32% and 68%, respectively, to the overall uncertainty. In particular, methane emissions in LCI contributed the most to the overall uncertainties in global warming impact, while the characterization factor of chromium was identified as the main driver of the overall uncertainties in human health impact of natural gas. Using this approach, LCA practitioners can decompose the overall variability in the results to the underlying contributors under the MCS setting, which can help prioritize the parameters that need further refinement to reduce overall uncertainty in the results. The method reliably estimates the uncertainty contributions of the variables with large variabilities without the need for large computational resources, and it can be applied to any stage of an LCA calculation including normalization and weighting, or to other fields than LCA such as material flow analysis and risk assessment.
Convergent antibody responses associated with broad neutralization of hepatitis C virus and clearance of infection

Abstract Early development of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein E2 is associated with spontaneous clearance of infection, so induction of bNAbs is a major goal of HCV vaccine development. However, much remains to be learned at a molecular level about protective E2-reactive antibodies, since HCV infection persists in some individuals despite early development of broadly neutralizing plasma. To examine B cell repertoire features associated with broad neutralization and viral clearance, we performed RNA sequencing of the B cell receptors (BCRs) of HCV E2-reactive B cells of people with cleared or persistent HCV, including subjects with high or low plasma neutralizing breadth in both clearance and persistence groups. We identified many E2-reactive public BCR clonotypes, which are antibody clones with the same V and J-genes and identical CDR3 sequences, shared among subjects grouped by either clearance or neutralization status. The majority (89) of these public clonotypes were shared by two subjects with broad plasma neutralizing activity and cleared infection, but not found in subjects with high plasma neutralizing breadth and persistent infection. We cloned a potent, cross-reactive neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) by pairing the most abundant public heavy and light chains from these two subjects, providing evidence that broadly E2-reactive public clonotypes arise in a subset of individuals with broadly neutralizing plasma and spontaneous clearance of infection. Further characterization of the molecular features and function of these antibodies can inform HCV vaccine development.
"Do Not Disturb": A Micro-Macro Examination of Intrusions at Work

Intrusions, or interruptions by others, are a common phenomenon in the modern workplace (Grove, 1983; Jett & George, 2003), particularly in the computing and information-technology (CIT) industry, as cross-specialty, and cross-team collaborations become more common (Beck et al., 2001). The present study examines the relationship between day-to-day intrusions (measured Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday) and strain reactions and perceived job performance over the week (measured on Thursday) among 150 CIT employees. Using a number of resource-based theories (i.e., Conservation of Resources, Ego Depletion Model, Cognitive Fatigue Model), I hypothesize that participants experiencing more frequent intrusions on a day-to-day basis will experience greater levels of overall strain reactions (i.e., fatigue, self-regulation failure, and cognitive failure), and lower levels of overall perceived job performance for the week. To test these hypotheses, I applied a micro-macro multi-wave design, such that intrusions were measured at the end of three consecutive workdays (Level-1 Predictors) and strain reactions and performance measured on the fourth day (Level-2 Outcomes). Using Structural Equation Modeling and the technique put forth by Croon and van Veldhoven (2007), I specified four models to test my hypotheses, wherein level-1 variables (i.e., dayto-day intrusions) predicted level-2 outcomes (i.e., week-level fatigue, self-regulation failure, cognitive failure, and perceived performance). I found that day-to-day intrusions were significantly positively associated with fatigue, self-regulation failure, and perceived performance. However, day-to-day intrusions were not significantly associated with cognitive failure. These results suggest DO NOT DISTURB ii that intrusions may consume time and self-regulatory resources but may not consume cognitive resources, and that although intrusions cause impairment from a physical and self-regulatory perspective, they may not inhibit cognitive functioning. Future research should further investigate the relationship between intrusions and cognitive functioning. The present study is one of the first to explicitly study intrusions and recognize it as a stressor that influences both strain and performance variables. This is critical as intrusions become a more prominent fixture in the American workplace. This study also contributes to our understanding of the use of micro-macro approaches to statistical analyses, and provides additional insight into how occupational health psychologists can test long-held assumptions; namely day-to-day stressors contribute to long-term strain.
Making the Market Force Work: The E-rated Appliances Programme

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) established ENERGY STAR® Partnerships to help speed the market introduction and increase the market penetration of highly efficient building equipment, including appliances, using voluntary programs.
Talking Out Of School: Notes On The Transmission Of Intellectual Capital From The Legal Academy To Public Tribunals

This Article proposes some conventions for law professors who render opinions in the course of public debate, arguing that when academics offer public opinions in their professional capacities they should use the same care and have the same expertise called for in their published work, or else should disclose that they are adhering to a lesser standard. Equivalently, they should not sign documents unless they would be ready to defend them orally in the tribunals to which the documents are being presented. Part I sketches the nature of the collective action problem created by academics who sign opinion letters and petitions indistinguishably on the basis of different levels of expertise, analogizing this practice to abuse of a trademark (here the "law professor" mark) that is likely to lead either to consumer confusion or dilution of the mark. Part II demonstrates that some contributions of academic opinion to a tribunal are more valuable than others, even if the academics making the contributions are equally confident that what they are saying is correct; there are important differences in value between contributions made by generalists and specialists, and contributions made on the basis of "hard" expertise (involving factual representations) and "soft" expertise (involving normative judgments). Part III applies these distinctions to the law professors' letter to Congress opposing the impeachment of President Clinton. Part IV discusses the proposed convention for legal academics to follow in deciding whether to sign an opinion addressed to a court or legislature. It also adds a few notes on the problem of partisanship, arguing that academics should not take public positions on questions unless they would be equally ready to make the same arguments publicly when they are helpful to their political enemies - unless, again, they disclose that they are serving as advocates for one side or the other.
Cardiac Surgery in the Elderly

The elderly population is the most rapidly expanding sector of the US population, with an estimated 13 million citizens over the age of 75, including 1.6 million nonagenarians and 72,000 centenarians; these figures are expected to quadruple over the next half century (1). Based on population studies, life expectancy at the age of 80 years is 8.5 years, and at the age of 85 and over, it is 6.3 years (2). These striking demographics are, in large part, believed to be the result of improvements in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young and middle-aged adults, leading to improved survival and the delayed onset of disease until later years. Consequently, there has been a marked increase in the incidence and prevalence of cardiac disease in older adults (3,4), making CVD the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Despite advances in medical therapies for CVDs, however, the morbidity and mortality of cardiac disease in older individuals remain high (5, 6, 7, 8). Hence, cardiac surgery, a well-established means of increasing survival and improving the quality of life in many patients under the age of 70 years, is becoming increasingly common in septuagenarians, octogenarians, and even nonagenarians (9).
On the Security of Password Manager Database Formats

Password managers are critical pieces of software relied upon by users to securely store valuable and sensitive information, from online banking passwords and login credentials to passport- and social security numbers. Surprisingly, there has been very little academic research on the security these applications provide.
Mother's littlest helpers

Commensal bacteria underlie, in part, our nutritional status, immune function, and psychological well-being. The trillions of beneficial microbes within our intestinal tract convert dietary nutrients, inhibit pathogen colonization, regulate immune processes, and produce neural signals ( 1 , 2 ). Advances in our understanding of the importance of microbes have motivated the commercial development of products intended to boost “good” commensals and confer health benefits. Probiotic dietary supplements contain live beneficial microbes hoped to subsequently colonize the gut. Prebiotic nutrients are thought to enhance good gastrointestinal microflora by preferentially nourishing beneficial microbes. Even “psychobiotics” are being explored to ameliorate symptoms of psychiatric illness. These live organisms influence the brain through metabolites and neuroactive compounds in rodent models and preliminary human studies ( 3 ). How to most effectively be the landscape architects of our microbial community, however, often remains unclear. An opportunity to gain insights into how natural selection has shaped the coevolution of hosts and microbes can be found in mammalian mother-infant dyads, as our microbiota are ecologically engineered by mothers and breastmilk. Such insights can be leveraged to improve clinical management and nutritional technologies, enhancing human health not just in infancy, but across the life course ( 4 , 5 ).
Neurospora discreta as a model to assess adaptation of soil fungi to warming

Short-term experiments have indicated that warmer temperatures can alter fungal biomass production and CO2 respiration, with potential consequences for soil C storage. However, we know little about the capacity of fungi to adapt to warming in ways that may alter C dynamics. Thus, we exposed Neurospora discreta to moderately warm (16 °C) and warm (28 °C) selective temperatures for 1500 mitotic generations, and then examined changes in mycelial growth rate, biomass, spore production, and CO2 respiration. We tested the hypothesis that strains will adapt to its selective temperature. Specifically, we expected that adapted strains would grow faster, and produce more spores per unit biomass (i.e., relative spore production). In contrast, they should generate less CO2 per unit biomass due to higher efficiency in carbon use metabolism (i.e., lower mass specific respiration, MSR). Indeed, N. discreta adapted to warm temperatures, based on patterns of relative spore production. Adapted strains produced more spores per unit biomass than parental strains in the selective temperature. Contrary to our expectations, this increase in relative spore production was accompanied by an increase in MSR and a reduction in mycelial growth rate and biomass, compared to parental strains. Adaptation of N. discreta to warm temperatures may have elicited a tradeoff between biomass production and relative spore production, possibly because relative spore production required higher MSR rates. Therefore, our results do not support the idea that adaptation to warm temperatures will lead to a more efficient carbon use metabolism. Our data might help improve climate change model simulations and provide more concise predictions of decomposition processes and carbon feedbacks to the atmosphere.
Multi-state Multireference Rayleigh–Schrödinger Perturbation Theory for Mixed Electronic States: Second and Third Order

The formalism for multi-state multireference configuration-based Rayleigh-Schrodinger perturbation theory and procedures for its implementation for the second-order and third-order energy within a multireference configuration interaction computer program are reviewed. This formalism is designed for calculations on electronic states that involve strong mixing between different zero-order contributions, such as avoided crossings or mixed valence-Rydberg states. Such mixed states typically display very large differences in reference-configuration mixing coefficients between the reference MCSCF wave function and an accurate correlated wave function, differences that cannot be reflected in state-specific (diagonalize-then-perturb) multireference perturbation theory through third order. A procedure described in detail applies quasidegenerate perturbation theory based on a model space of a few state-averaged MCSCF functions for the states expected to participate strongly in the mixing, and can be characterized as a “diagonalize-then-perturb-thendiagonalize” approach. It is similar in various respects to several published methods, including an implementation by Finley, Malmqvist, Roos, and Serrano-Andres [Chem. Phys. Lett. 1998, 288, 299–306].
Pulmonary support on day of life 30 is a strong predictor of increased 1 and 5-year morbidity in survivors of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Abstract Purpose Pulmonary support (PS) on day-of-life-30 (DOL-30) has been shown to be the strongest predictor of subsequent morbidity and in-patient mortality in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We hypothesized that PS on DOL-30 can also predict long-term outcomes in CDH survivors. Methods We analyzed records of 201 CDH survivors followed by a single multidisciplinary clinic (1995–2010). Follow-up was 83 and 70% at 1 and 5years respectively. PS was defined as: (1) invasive support ( n =44), (2) noninvasive support ( n =54), or (3) room air ( n =103). Logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted association of PS on DOL-30 with outcomes at 1 and 5-years. Results Use of PS on DOL-30 was significantly associated with pulmonary and developmental morbidities at 1 and 5-years. Even after adjusting for defect-size and presence of ventilation/perfusion mismatch, greater PS on DOL-30 was associated with a significantly increased odds of requiring supplemental oxygen and developmental referral at 1-year, and asthma and developmental referral at 5-years. Conclusion CDH survivors continue to have significant long-term pulmonary and developmental morbidities. PS on DOL-30 is a strong independent predictor of morbidity at 1 and 5-years and may be used as a simple prognostic tool to identify high-risk infants.
The diagnosis of hereditary pancreatitis by pancreatography

Hereditary pancreatitis is an uncommon disorder in which the diagnostic contributions of radiography have been minimal. When utilizing plain films, which show large, peripherally dense pancreatic calculi in approximately three-quarters of patients, and pancreatic ductography, which will define an elongated, dilated duct with large intraductal lithiasis, accurate and early diagnosis is possible.
Heat-induced Changes in Angel Food Cakes Containing Egg-white Protein or Whey Protein Isolate

ABSTRACT: Angel food cakes made from egg white or whey protein foams were compared. Cakes were evaluated based on final volume, dynamic volume change, and rheological transitions during baking. Cake expansion during baking was a function of protein concentration regardless of protein type. Cakes containing whey proteins had a lower ability to prevent collapse once starch gelatinization started during baking. Heat-treating whey proteins or adding xanthan gum increases cake volume, but not to the extent of egg-white proteins. Cakes containing egg-white proteins became more elastic at 60 to 85 °C than those containing whey proteins, indicating physical differences in the heat-set protein foam network associated with protein type.
A dynamical symmetry scheme with triplets of integral charge

Abstract We consider a dynamical S O 24 symmetry scheme based on two triplets of integral charge and hypercharge (termed trions); it is a dynamical extension of the symplectic symmetry scheme of Bacry, Nuyts and Van Hove. The normal baryons are assigned to the completely symmetric 2576 and the normal mesons to the 299 and 276 . The electromagnetic properties of these baryons and mesons are discussed. Some differences between the predictions of schemes built on trions and those built on quarks are pointed out.
Phoenix Risen: The Resurrection of Global Finance

Of all the many changes of the world economy since World War II, few have been nearly so dramatic as the resurrection of global finance. A review of five recent books suggests considerable diversity of opinion concerning both the causes and the consequences of financial globalization, leaving much room for further research. Competing historical interpretations, stressing the contrasting roles of market forces and government policies, need to be reexamined for dynamic linkages among the variables they identify. Likewise, impacts on state policy at both the macro and micro levels should be explored more systematically to understand not just whether constraints may be imposed on governments but also how and under what conditions, and what policymakers can do about them. Finally, questions are also raised about implications for the underlying paradigm conventionally used for the study of international political economy and international relations more generally.
Support and influence in the context of diabetes management: Do racial/ethnic differences exist?

This study examined the sources and frequency of, and dietary behavioral responses to, health-related social support and control in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of 1,361 adults with type 2 diabetes. Spouses were the most frequently reported sources of support/control for all racial/ethnic groups examined. Mexican Americans and Vietnamese Americans received more support/control compared to non-Hispanic whites. All types of social involvement were associated with good dietary behavior for Mexican Americans, whereas only support was associated with good dietary behavior for non-Hispanic whites. The findings underscore the importance of considering racial/ethnic differences in examining social network members’ involvement in chronic disease management.
Synovial fluid hyaluronate in rheumatoid arthritis.

By several analytic methods, the hyaluronate hexosamine concentration of synovial fluid was found low in the joint effusions of rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to normal synovial fluid. An increase in nonhyaluronate hexosamine was observed in rheumatoid synovial fluid of increased volume. Relative viscosity measurements after equilibrating hexosamine Concentration by dilution revealed few differences between rheumatoid and normal fluid. Plure methodos analytic monstrava basse concentrationes de hexosamina hyaluronate in le effusiones de liquido synovial de patientes con arthritis rheumatoide, comparate con normal liquido synovial. Esseva observate un augment de hexosamina non-hyaluronate in rheumatoide liquido synovial de volumine supranormal. Mesurationes de viscositate post equilibration del concentration de hexosamina per dilution non revelava multe differentias inter liquido rheumatoide e normal.
Rare variant density across the genome and across populations

Next-generation sequencing allows for a new focus on rare variant density for conducting analyses of association to disease and for narrowing down the genomic regions that show evidence of functionality. In this study we use the 1000 Genomes Project pilot data as distributed by Genetic Analysis Workshop 17 to compare rare variant densities across seven populations. We made the comparisons using regressions of rare variants on total variant counts per gene for each population and Tajima’s D values calculated for each gene in each population, using data on 3,205 genes. We found that the populations clustered by continent for both the regression slopes and Tajima’s D values, with the African populations (Yoruba and Luhya) showing the highest density of rare variants, followed by the Asian populations (Han and Denver Chinese followed by the Japanese) and the European populations (CEPH [European-descent] and Tuscan) with the lowest densities. These significant differences in rare variant densities across populations seem to translate to measures of the rare variant density more commonly used in rare variant association analyses, suggesting the need to adjust for ancestry in such analyses. The selection signal was high for AHNAK, HLA-A, RANBP2, and RGPD4, among others. RANBP2 and RGPD4 showed a marked difference in rare variant density and potential selection between the Luhya and the other populations. This may suggest that differences between populations should be considered when delimiting genomic regions according to functionality and that these differences can create potential for disease heterogeneity.
Low-cost wireless corrosion and conductivity sensors

Prototype sensors have been developed to detect the onset of corrosion in steel reinforced concrete using non-invasive techniques. These sensors are designed to be extremely simple and low cost. The sensors are embedded in the concrete and are powered and interrogated through the use of inductively coupled magnetic fields. A new conductivity sensor is proposed, based on the design of the corrosion sensor. The conductivity sensor design is examined using circuit simulations and initial experimental results. Both sensors could be used together in a corrosion monitoring system.
Electron compositeness limits in e- e- collisions

Electron compositeness limits from an e−e− collider are calculated and compared with the limits from an e+e− collider. We find that the e−e− collider gives significantly better limits than the e+e− collider for all center-of-mass energies if the e−e− and e+e− colliders have the same luminosity.
Effects of actinomycin D, mitomycin C, and 5-Bromodeoxyuridine on the in vitro anamnestic response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin

Abstract One μg of actinomycin D (AD) inhibited the in vitro anamnestic antibody response of primed lymph node cells to KLH completely and nucleic acid synthesis by 85–95%. In contrast, 0.00001 μg of AD stimulated antibody synthesis. Addition of 1 μg of AD to primed cells 48 hr after KLH did not alter the antibody response during the following 24 hr, but then antibody synthesis ceased abruptly. Twenty-five μg of mitomycin inhibited antibody synthesis completely and the synthesis of nucleic acids by over 90%. Addition of mitomycin to cells 24 hr after KLH allowed 60% of the antibody synthesis observed in control cultures. 5-Bromodeoxyuridine inhibited the antibody response 50%, the incorporation of 14 C-thymidine into DNA 90% and RNA synthesis not at all. The dynamics of generation of the information required for the secondary antibody response is discussed.
Ethnic Group Differences in Substance Use, Depression, Peer Relationships, and Parenting Among Adolescents Receiving Brief Alcohol Counseling

This study examined differences in substance use and related risk factors in a matched sample of Hispanic and White non-Hispanic adolescents receiving brief alcohol counseling. Findings revealed that the White non-Hispanic adolescents reported smoking a higher number of cigarettes per day. The Hispanic adolescents reported perceiving less acceptance from the neighborhood environment in which they live, whereas their parents reported monitoring their teens less than the parents' of White non-Hispanic adolescents. Consistent with the findings found in community samples, the overall findings of this study suggest that Hispanic and White non-Hispanic adolescents enrolled in this alcohol intervention have similar baseline characteristics.
Tiebout bias on the demand for local public goods

Abstract Empirical work estimating the demand for local public goods has been based upon the median voter model. It has generally proceeded with little consideration given to the possibility of Tiebout-type migration emphasized in the property value literature. In this paper we raise the question of how valid the typical cross section demand estimation procedures are when possible Tiebout-like migration among jurisdictions is taken into account. We find that such procedures are not in fact consistent with a model in which people vote with their feet as well as with ballots. We also show that, if a full Tiebout equilibrium has been achieved in a set of communities, there is a simple and obvious way to estimate demands for local public goods which is different from the median voter approach. This technique has not, to our knowledge, been used in existing studies, and, moreover, has some practical as well as theoretical advantages. If the workings of the Tiebout process are not taken into account, more is involved than just impracticality: we show that the estimated effects of personal characteristics will generally be biased, and that that direction of the bias can usually be determined.
On group actions on groups and associated series

1. Introduction . In this paper we consider Q -groups; that is, Q is a group and we consider groups N endowed with a Q -action, meaning a homomorphism of Q into the group of automorphisms of N . In (4) a lower central Q-series was defined for such a Q -group, N , generalizing the lower central series of a group, and results were obtained relating to the localization of such a series. Since the ideas in that paper were inspired by the homotopical localization theory of nilpotent spaces (see (6)), the main body of results in (4) was concerned with the case in which N is nilpotent, and perhaps also the group Q and the action of Q on N (in the sense that the lower central Q -series terminates after a finite number of steps with the trivial group {1}). We now adopt a broader view-point and only restrict ourselves to the nilpotent case when our results appear to require us to do so; thus the spirit of this paper is much more that of general group theory as presented in [(8), especially ch. VI]. Thus, while there is some overlap of results, the methods used are not the same and many results (for example, Theorem 3·1) are far more general than any obtained in (4). Moreover, the methods also appear to us to be more appropriate in that essential appeal was made in (4) to a sophisticated theorem of Norman Blackburn on nilpotent groups, whereas here we merely use homological methods, the construction of the semidirect product and, in section 4, some very classical facts of the commutator calculus.
Oxymorphone: a review.

Oxymorphone (oxymorphone hydrochloride) (14-hydroxy-dihydromorphinone), a semisynthetic μ-opioid agonist, was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1959. Oxymorphone is considered a more potent opioid than its parent compound, morphine. Recently, an immediate-release and long-acting oral formulation of this drug was developed that makes oxymorphone a new option in treating moderate to severe pain. This article reviews the pharmacodynamics, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy for this new option in treating moderate to severe pain.
Alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine and memory: state-dependency and memory failure.

The effects of α-methyl-p-tyrosine on memory of a single-trial inhibitory avoidance response in mice were evaluated. MPT does not prevent the establishment of memory storage nor does it prevent retrieval of either short-term memory or long-term memory. MPT does produce a statedependency, however, such that a mismatch between the drug state during training and the drug state during retention testing produces an apparent amnesia.
Crisis management and its impact on destination marketing: a guide for convention and visitors bureaus.

Abstract This paper analyzes the crisis management procedures utilized by four specific Convention and Visitors Bureaus in a variety of disaster situations and locations across the United States. The crises studied are representative of both man-made and natural disasters, and occurred in destinations in which tourism plays a significant role. From these case studies, a comprehensive set of crisis management procedures was compiled for the benefit of Convention and Visitors Bureaus nationwide. Such standardized crisis management procedures will presumably contribute to a faster and more efficient recovery for any destination after a crisis, as these procedures have been used in actual crisis situations.