cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Pulmonary Ventilation Function of Excavation Workers in a Coal Mine

[Objective] To understand pulmonary ventilation function damage among excavation workers,and to identify impact of dust exposure duration on pulmonary function.[Methods]A total of 221 excavation workers in a coal mine were selected as dust exposure group,and 83 workers without dust exposure in the same mine as controls.Unified physical examinations and pulmonary function tests were provided.All results were presented as relative values.Chi-square test and covariance analysis were used for statistical analysis.[Results]Significant differences in abnormal lung function rates were found between subjests having smoking history in the exposure and the control groups(P0.05),but not found between those without smoking history.The rate of abnormality in excavation worker’s pulmonary function was higher than that of the controls(P0.05).In covariance analysis,with smoking as the covariant,forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1.0),peak expiratory flow rate(PEFR),FVC best,FEV1.0 best were significantly lower in the excavation workers than in the controls(P0.05);PEFR and the maximum flow rate at 25% of FVC devided by body height(V25/Ht) were significantly lower in the workers with ≥30 years of work duration than in those with ≥10 years and ≥20 years of work duration;the distributions of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were not significantly different between the exposure and the control groups,and same results were found between the exposure groups with different lengths of work duration.[Conclusion]Excavation worker’s lung function is significantly worse than controls’.The pulmonary ventilation functions reduce with extention of the length of dust exposure.Pulmonary function tests can be used to monitor lung damages in workers exposed to dust.
The Effect of Experience on Perceived Risk in the Context of Organizational Buyer Behavior: Some Conceptual Postulates

This paper sets forth three conceptual postulates relating perceived risk and the experience of organizational buyers. These postulates address the amount of risk perceived by a buyer, the type(s) of risk perceived, and the risk reduction technique(s) used as the experience of a buyer varies.
Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship on Outcomes in Hospitalized Veterans With Pneumonia.

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on outcomes for inpatients with pneumonia, including length of stay, treatment duration, and 30-day readmission rates. Methods A retrospective chart review comparing outcomes of veterans admitted with pneumonia before (2005–2006) and after (2013–2014) implementation of an ASP was conducted; pneumonia was defined according to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes. Infectious diseases physicians and pharmacist in the ASP provided appropriate recommendations to the primary medicine teams. Bivariate analysis of baseline characteristics and comorbid conditions were performed between the time frames. Least squares regression was used to analyze length of stay, time of IV to PO conversions, and duration of antibiotics. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine odds of 30-day readmission and odds of Clostridium difficile infections between time periods. Findings There were 86 patients in the pre-ASP period and 88 patients in the ASP period. Mean length of stay decreased from 8.1 to 6.6 days ( P = 0.02), total duration of antibiotic therapy decreased from 12 to 8.5 days ( P P = 0.0003), before ASP and during ASP, respectively. The odds ratio of 30-day readmission before ASP was 2.78 and 0.36 during the ASP ( P = 0.05). The odds ratios of Clostridium difficile infections before ASP was 2.08 and 0.48 during the ASP ( P = 0.37). Implications The ASP interventions were associated with shorter durations of therapy, shorter lengths of stay, and lower rates of readmission and Clostridium difficile infections within 30 days. Limitations of this study are retrospective cohort design, small study population, limited study population diversity, and non-concurrent cohort times periods.
The Theory of Language

Various sources inform Coleridge’s ‘Theory of Language’, as he calls his broad reflection on the condition of language in an early note. Because he is engaged in an investigation of current ways of thinking about it, quite a lot of his material reflects his reading. From Berkeley’s Neoplatonic ‘language of nature’ he took a lasting sense of language as a transcendental code. More significant for his development of a modern idea of language are the notions of empiricists working in the native grain. John Locke on words and ideas, David Hartley on the association of ideas, and Horne Tooke on etymology provide him with material notions of linguistic process, however limited from a modern point of view. While in Germany he was introduced to philology and hermeneutics; at Gottingen he was exposed to some of the newer thinking about the language of Scripture as well as to early Germanic dialects. On his return to England in 1799, he pursued the idea of language on all fronts.
Celecoxib treatment of fibrous dysplasia (FD) in a human FD cell line and FD-like lesions in mice with protein kinase A (PKA) defects.

Abstract Osteochondromyxomas (OMX) in the context of Carney complex (CNC) and fibrous dysplasia (FD)-like lesions (FDLL) in mice, as well as isolated myxomas in humans may be caused by inactivation of PRKAR1A , the gene coding for the type 1a regulatory subunit (R1α) of cAMP–dependent protein kinase (PKA). OMXs and FDLL in mice lacking Prkar1a grow from abnormal proliferation of adult bone stromal cells (aBSCs). Prkar1a and Prkaca (coding for Cα) haploinsufficiency leads to COX2 activation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production that, in turn, activates proliferation of aBSCs. Celecoxib is a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor. We hypothesized that COX-2 inhibition may have an effect in FD and FDLL. In vitro treatment of a human cell line prepared from a FD patient with Celecoxib resulted in decreased PGE2 and cell proliferation. Treatment of mice haploinsufficient for R1α and Cα with 1500 mg/kg Celecoxib led to decreased PGE2 and proliferation and increased apoptosis, with a corresponding gene expression profile, resulting in dramatic reduction of tumor growth. Furthermore, the treatment improved the organization of cortical bone that was adjacent to the tumor. We conclude that, in vitro and in vivo , Celecoxib had an inhibitory effect on FD cell proliferation and in mouse FDLL structure, respectively. We speculate that COX-2 inhibitors offer an attractive alternative to current treatments for benign tumors such as OMX and FD that, apart from tumor suppression, may mechanically stabilize affected bones.
Special Disease Considerations in the Neonate

Neonates are not simply small adults and the neonatal hematologic system is complex and carefully balanced. The likelihood of hematologic abnormalities in neonates varies from fairly common (anemia) to rare (coagulopathy and polycythemia), but understanding both the differences in reference ranges for neonates and the common causes is important to help guide transfusion practice. A basic definition of each of the hematologic problems from neonatal anemia to coagulopathy is presented as well as a brief description of common mechanisms of pathophysiology and guidelines for transfusion practice. Particular attention is directed to fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and neonatal alloimmune neutropenia as well as to the common themes in neonatal hematology.
Impact of PV inverter generation on voltage profile and power loss in medium voltage distribution systems

With an increasing number of photovoltaic (PV) generators at the distribution system, the impact on the distribution system is no longer negligible. This paper presents a comparison among PV generators of different capacities, different injection locations, and different reactive power control modes, to determine their impact on the system voltage profile and power loss. Voltage sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the impact of PV injection on system voltage profile quantitatively. Further, it is shown that sensitivity matrices are irrelevant from system operation state, but closely related to the system topology and impedances. The accuracy of these sensitivity indices is proven by calculation results from MATLAB and simulation results from PSS/E. Guidelines are formed for utility to manage PV injection locations and regulate PV generator reactive power control to avoid voltage profile problems and reduce power losses. In comparing different PV injection locations, there is a tradeoff between voltage regulation and power loss minimization.
Listener Supported: The Culture and History of Public Radio by Jack W. Mitchell Westport, CT: Praeger, 2005. 219 Pp.

(2005). Listener Supported: The Culture and History of Public Radio by Jack W. Mitchell Westport, CT: Praeger, 2005. 219 Pp. American Journalism: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 111-112.
Physical properties of the soils of Georgia.

Abstract In article is generalized such indexes as water permeability, bulk density, particle density, total porosity, capillary porosity, non-capillary porosity, capillary water capacity, saturation water content, field capacity, permanent wilting point, hydroscopic water content, productive water, pores with air. This indexes were determined in main soils of Georgia: Red (Ferralic Nitisols, Haplic Nitisols), Yellow (Ferric Luvisols), Bog (Dystric Gleysols, Eutric Gleysols, Histosols), Yellow Yellow podzolicic (Stagnic Acrisols, Ferric Acrisols), Yellow brown forest (Stagnic Luvisols, Mollic Luvisols, Humic Luvisols, Ferric Luvisols), Brown forest (Humic Cambisols, Ferric Cambisols, Eutric Cambisols, Dystric Cambisols), Raw carbonate (Rendzic Leptosols), Grey cinnamonic (Calcic Kastanozems, Vertic Kastanozems), Meadow grey cinnamonic (Haplic Kastanozems, Gleyic Kastanozems, Vertic Kastanozems), Cinnamonic (Chromic Cambisols, Calcaric Cambisols, Humic Cambisols, Eutric Cambisols), Meadow cinnamonic (Chromic Cambisols, Calcaric Cambisols, Gleyic Cambisols, Eutric Cambisols), Black (Haplic Vertisols), Chernozems (Voronic Chernozems, Calcaric Chernozems), Mountain meadow (Hyperdistric Umbrisols), Saline soils (Vetric Solonchaks, Mollic Solonetz), Alluvial (Gleyic Fluvisols, Eurtic Fluvisos, Dystric Fluvisols).
Protein Inhibitors of CRISPR-Cas9

Bacteria are under constant predation from viruses, called bacteriophages (phages). This threat has driven the evolution of multiple defense systems, including the CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR associated genes) immune pathway. Phages are not passive bystanders in their CRISPR-mediated demise, however, as many have developed potent protein inhibitors of the bacterial adaptive immune system. Here, I review the work that led to the discovery of many distinct “anti-CRISPR” proteins. Furthermore, I outline how understanding their mechanisms of action has provided a suite of specific and high-affinity reagents to modulate and study CRISPR-Cas applications.
Using Complex Integration to Figure Inverse Laplace Transform

The process of figuring inverse Laplace transform is the counterpart of that of figuring the transform itself! In the latter we integrate the function against e−st but over time. In the former we integrate the Laplace transform against the function e st but now over the complex frequency s = σ + jω. In carrying on the integration we must pick a σ and then integrate over the jω −axis. Most of the time the resulting integral is non-integrable by conventional means. To accomplish we first convert the linear integral to a contour one, ensure that the arc-part of the integral dies out, and then utilize and harness the Cauchy residue theorem. This theorem ties the contour integral (which is essentially the inverse transform) to the residues residing within the integral. Finding the residues is systematic and depends on the order of the poles. We demonstrate this whole process with a few examples and illustrate the particulars of the contour integration. We cover the cases of real and complex poles and for all cases compare resulting time signal to expected one.
The FOSSIL Study: FLAG or standard 7+3 induction therapy in secondary acute myeloid leukemia.

Abstract Patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) have poor outcomes, with CR/CRi rates of 25–35% with standard 7 + 3 induction chemotherapy, while single center non-comparative analyses suggest promising outcomes with FLAG. We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study assessing outcomes in treatment-naive patients with sAML treated with fludarabine, high-dose cytarabine, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (FLAG, n = 40) compared with 7 + 3 (n = 66). Median patient age was 63 years (range: 27–82) in the FLAG group and 60 years (range: 21–76) in the 7 + 3 group (P = 0.968). Patients treated with FLAG achieved higher overall response rates (CR + CRi + MLFS) compared to 7 + 3 (70% vs. 48%, P = 0.043). FLAG was well tolerated, with only one induction death (30-day mortality rate, 3% vs. 8%, P = 0.405) and no cases of cerebellar toxicity. Duration of neutropenia was significantly shorter with FLAG (median 16 vs. 23 days, P
The Use of U.S. Geological Survey Digital Geospatial Data Products for Science Research

The development of geographic information system (GIS) transformed the practice of geographic science research. The availability of low-cost, reliable data by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) supported the advance of GIS in the early stages of the transition to digital technology. To estimate the extent of the scientific use of USGS digital geospatial data products, a search of science literature databases yielded numbers of articles citing USGS products. Though this method requires careful consideration to avoid false positives, these citation numbers of three types of products (vector, land-use/land-cover, and elevation data) were graphed, and the frequency trends were examined. Trends indicated that the use of several, but not all, products increased with time. The use of some products declined and reasons for these declines are offered. To better understand how these data affected the design and outcomes of research projects, the study begins to build a context for the data by discussing digital cartographic research preceding the production of mass-produced products. The data distribution methods used various media for different system types and were supported by instructional material. The findings are an initial assessment of the affect of USGS products on GIS-enabled science research. A brief examination of the specific papers indicates that USGS data were used for science and GIS conceptual research, advanced education, and problem analysis and solution applications.
A transfected c-myc oncogene inhibits mouse erythroleukemic differentiation.

Cellular differentiation is a complex process for which the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. One useful model for the study of differentiation is the Friend virus derived (Friend 1971) mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cell lines. These transformed early erythroid precursors can be induced to terminally differentiate into mature erythroid cells by a variety of seemingly unrelated agents including dimethyl, sulfoxide (DMSO) (Marks 1978). Following DMSO induction, the majority of cells become irreversibly committed to differentiation, undergoing several rounds of cell division before ceasing to replicate (Gusella 1976; Fibach 1977). These terminally differentiated cells express high levels of hemoglobin (Boyer 1972; Ostertag 1972). After DMSO induction of MEL cells there is a biphasic decline in steady state levels of c-myc (Lachman 1984; Kirsch 1985) and c-myb mRNAs (Kirsch 1985). We sought to determine if the down regulation of c-myc mRNA is a necessary step for DMSO induced differentiation. Our experiments indicate that expression of a transfected human c-myc gene inhibits the terminal differentiation of MEL cells.
Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Pathophysiology, neuropathology, and clinical features.

The four major varieties of intracranial hemorrhage occurring in the neonatal period are examined. With the introduction of newer diagnostic techniques, such as computerized tomography of the cranium, earlier recognition of the hemorrhage and its sequelae is possible, which may lead to more successful therapy.
Algorithms for Biproportional Apportionment

For the biproportional apportionment problem two algorithms are discussed, that are implemented in the Augsburg BAZI program, the alternating scaling algorithm and the tie-and-transfer algorithm of Balinski and Demange (1989b). The goal is to determine an integer-valued apportionment matrix that is “proportional to” a matrix of input weights (e.g. vote counts) and that at the same time achieves prespecified row and column marginals. The alternating scaling algorithm finds the solution of most of the practical problems very efficiently. However, it is possible to create examples for which the procedure fails. The tie-and-transfer algorithm converges always, though convergence may be slow. In order to make use of the benefits of both algorithms, a hybrid version is proposed.
Navigating the ‘retail apocalypse’: A framework of consumer evaluations of the new retail landscape

Abstract Strong signals exist for a permanent restructuring of retailḍing, where traditional physical retailers may not fully recover. Such transformation will have vast implications for consumers, the industry, and society in general. This study explores U.S. consumers’ evaluations of these profound changes sometimes referred to as the ‘retail apocalypse.’ Two studies, a content analysis of reader comments in response to articles featuring reports on large-scale store closures, and structured online consumer interviews, provide insights into consumers’ perspectives. We include consumer-derived explanations for the decline in physical retail, and the growth of online shopping, as well as anticipated consequences for both, individual consumers and society in general, in a conceptual framework. We find many consumers lamenting the disappearance of physical retailers. Most expect negative consequences for themselves and society. However, many consumers also describe physical retailers as often unable to deliver on basic retail functions, and many are accepting of a future with very few physical stores. Based on these findings, we develop practical implications for the retail industry and public policy, as well as future research opportunities.
Resource availability and the potential for bison introduction in a landscape mosaic.

The tallgrass prairie ecosystem was historically maintained through the interaction of climate, fire, and grazing by large ungulates. Efforts are being made to return large ungulates (bison) back into prairie landscapes, but successful introductions can be constrained by suitable habitat as determined by resource availability (plant biomass, forage quality of the plant biomass, and soil carbon and nitrogen), particularly given some of these tracts are former arable land that has been restored to tallgrass prairie. The objective of this study was to quantify whether plant biomass (available forage) differs between prairie types, if forage quality varies across native prairie remnants and restored prairies, and if these differences are related to carbon and nitrogen storage in soil. We sampled native prairie remnants, low seeded-diversity older restored prairies, and high seeded-diversity younger restored prairies at Nachusa Grasslands, Illinois during July 2014. Total plant biomass differed between the three prairie types, with the high seeded-diversity younger-restored prairies having almost twice that of the low seeded-diversity older-restored prairies and more than twice that of the remnant prairies. In regard to forage quality, the percentage of crude protein in dry matter was greater in the remnant prairies compared to both of the restored prairie types. The high seeded-diversity younger restored prairies had the highest lignin concentration in the forage. The fat content of forage was highest in the high seeded-diversity younger restored prairies. Total soil carbon and nitrogen did not differ between the three prairie types at either the 0–10 cm or 10–20 cm depth. The preliminary findings of this study suggest bison grazing within the introduction unit at Nachusa Grasslands will be more intensive within restored prairies as compared to remnants.
Nudges, Agency, and Abstraction: A Reply to Critics

This essay has three general themes. The first involves the claim that nudging threatens human agency. My basic response is that human agency is fully retained (because nudges do not compromise freedom of choice) and that agency is always exercised in the context of some kind of choice architecture. The second theme involves the importance of having a sufficiently capacious sense of the category of nudges, and a full appreciation of the differences among them. Some nudges either enlist or combat behavioral biases but others do not, and even among those that do enlist or combat such biases, there are significant differences. The third general theme is the need to bring various concerns (including ethical ones) in close contact with particular examples. A legitimate point about default rules may not apply to warnings or reminders. An ethical objection to the use of social norms may not apply to information disclosure. Here as elsewhere, abstraction can be a trap. We continue to learn about the relevant ethical issues, about likely public reactions to nudging, and about differences across cultures and nations. Future progress will depend on a high level of concreteness, perhaps especially in dealing with the vexing problem of time-inconsistency.
On the Sparse Percolation of Damage in Finite Non-synchronous Random Boolean Networks

Abstract We present an inventory of non-synchronous updating schemes and their effect on the sparse percolation (SP) of damage in finite random Boolean networks (RBNs). Synchronous update is the most thoroughly studied updating scheme, but many non-synchronous updating schemes have not been explored to the same depth. To our knowledge, this work is the first to study the sparse percolation of damage specifically in the context of non-synchronous updating schemes. In a previous study of finite synchronous RBNs (Rohlf et al. 2007), a characteristic point K s was discovered, for which the expectation of damage propagation from a single node was observed to be finite and independent of N . The existence of such a K s has implications for task-solving and robustness. We search for a similar characteristic point K s using nondeterministic and deterministic asynchronous schemes and cascading schemes. We find that asynchronous schemes do not admit such a point, but cascading schemes do admit one. Our results contribute to better understanding the robustness and information processing capabilities of complex systems with more biologically-plausible updating schemes.
Sequence of same-day upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy does not affect total procedure' time or medication use: A randomized trial.

Background and Aim Same-day double upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy is frequently performed due to overlapping indications. However, it is unclear whether an upper-lower (U-L) or lower-upper (L-U) sequence is optimal. We analyzed the effect of sequence on total procedure time and sedation use. Methods A total of 100 patients scheduled for same-day double endoscopy were randomized to the U-L or L-U sequence arm. Primary outcomes, mean total procedure time, and sedative dosages were compared using a t-test. We also explored associations of the primary outcomes with patient-related and procedure-related factors. Results Comparing U-L and L-U sequences, mean total procedure time was 41.9 (16.2) versus 43.0 (14.5) min (P = 0.73), diphenhydramine dose 5.5 (15.4) versus 4.5 (14.0) mg (P = 0.74), fentanyl dose 71.5 (119.3) versus 77.6 (164.02) μg (P = 0.83), midazolam dose 1.6 (2.5) versus 1.4 (2.7) mg (P = 0.69), and propofol dose 437.4 (351.4) versus 444.5 (256.0) mg (P = 0.91), respectively. Total procedure and upper endoscopy times were significantly longer with trainee presence (P = 0.0002) and shorter with conscious sedation (P = 0.003). Upper endoscopy time was longer with higher body mass index (P = 0.001), and lower endoscopy time was longer in patients with cirrhosis or chronic kidney disease (P = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively). Time between procedures was significantly longer in the L-U sequence (7.4 [2.9] vs 5.3 [1.1] min, [P < 0.001]). The study had 80% power to detect an 8 min difference in total procedure time. Conclusions The sequence of same-day double gastrointestinal endoscopy does not affect total procedure time or medication use. Longer total procedure and upper endoscopy times were associated with trainee presence and use of conscious sedation.
Low-K LTCC Dielectrics: Novel High-Q Materials for 5G Applications

Low dielectric constant LTCC materials have been designed with low dielectric loss (high Q) in the GHz frequency range for use in 5G and Internet-of-Things applications. The low dielectric constant and dielectric loss enable low latency devices with enhanced performance as compared to current materials on the market. The Ferro k6.5 – ERS3684 has the lowest dielectric losses on the market (Df =0.00078 at 69 GHz), while the Ferro k3.8 – ERS3702 has the lowest dielectric loss for a material having a k < 4. The electrical and physical characteristics of these compositions make them attractive candidates for a number of high-frequency LTCC applications.
Adhesion and Particle Removal from Surface-Tethered Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Coatings Using Hydrodynamic Shear Forces

Thermally responsive coatings of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), or poly(NIPAAm), have a volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) near 32 °C. Below this temperature, the coating imbibes water and swells. Above this temperature, the coating rejects water and collapses. Herein, a spinning disk method is used to determine the hydrodynamic shear stress necessary to remove 10 μm polystyrene (PS) microspheres capped with either carboxylic acid (COOH) functionality or immunoglobulin (IgG) proteins from the coatings as a function of coating thickness and temperature. In the case of the PS-COOH, the hydrodynamic shear stress necessary to remove the microspheres was consistently larger below the VPTT than above the VPTT of the poly(NIPAAm) coating. In the case of PS-IgG, the trend was reversed, in which the hydrodynamic shear stress necessary to remove the microspheres was consistently smaller below the VPTT than above the VPTT. Simple scaling relationships were developed to explain the findings within the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model of contact mechanics, which illustrates the delicate interplay between the pull-off force and contact radius (as determined by the coating shear modulus) in governing particle removal from soft surfaces with hydrodynamic forces.
Revealing transactions data to third parties: Implications of privacy regimes for welfare in online markets

We examine the effects of privacy policies regarding transactions (e.g., price/quantity) data on online shopping platforms. Disclosure of transactions data induces consumer signaling behavior that affects merchant pricing decisions and the welfare of platform participants. A profit‐maximizing platform prefers the disclosure policy that maximizes total welfare. Although this policy benefits sophisticated consumers, it harms unsophisticated (myopic) consumers. Consequently, the welfare effects of alternative privacy policies, data breaches, deceptive privacy policies, and opt‐in/opt‐out requirements can differ sharply, depending on the level of consumer sophistication and on other factors such as the prevailing status quo.
DMFTwDFT: An open-source code combining Dynamical Mean Field Theory with various density functional theory packages

Abstract Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT) is a successful method to compute the electronic structure of strongly correlated materials, especially when it is combined with density functional theory (DFT). Here, we present an open-source computational package (and a library) combining DMFT with various DFT codes interfaced through the Wannier90 package. The correlated subspace is expanded as a linear combination of Wannier functions introduced in the DMFT approach as local orbitals. In particular, we provide a library mode for computing the DMFT density matrix. This library can be linked and then internally called from any DFT package, assuming that a set of localized orbitals can be generated in the correlated subspace. The existence of this library allows developers of other DFT codes to interface with our package and achieve the charge-self-consistency within DFT+DMFT loops. To test and check our implementation, we computed the density of states and the band structure of well-known solid-state correlated materials, namely LaNiO 3 , SrVO 3 , and NiO. The obtained results are compared to those obtained from other DFT+DMFT implementations. Program summary Program title: DMFTwDFT CPC Library link to program files: https://doi.org/10.17632/y27fngtkdw.1 Licensing provisions: GNU General Public License 3 Programming language: Python2/3, C++, and FORTRAN External routines: MPI, FFTW, BLAS, LAPACK, Numpy, Scipy, mpi4py, Glib, gsl, weave, PyProcar, and PyChemia Subprograms used: Wannier90 (v3.0), Siesta (v4.1-b4), VASP (v5.4.4), Quantum Espresso (v6.5), CTQMC Nature of problem: Need for a simple, efficient, higher-level, and open-source package to study strongly correlated materials interfacing to various DFT codes regardless of basis sets used in DFT. Solution method: We present an open-source Python code which can be easily interfaced with Wannier90 and different DFT packages and perform a full charge-self-consistent DFT+DMFT calculation using a modern continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo (CTQMC) impurity solver.
Genealogy of Colonial Land Registration and State Land in Portuguese Timor

Establishing territorial control was one of the primary activities of colonial presence on Timor from the late nineteenth century. In Portuguese Timor as elsewhere in Southeast Asia, the colonial s...
The Intersection of Divorce and Tort Law in Utah

In the world of Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, texts, emails and other social media, electronic information is a reservoir of evidence that may trouble a litigant in a divorce action. Not only will this evidence serve to substantiate claims in a divorce action, the evidence may support a separate tort action. Utah law bar joinder of a tort and divorce action due to complications that do not promote judicial economy. However, Utah law does permit trial courts to consider torts in a divorce action. This paper explores the connection between divorce and tort actions and the extend a court should be free to address torts in a divorce actions, especially in light of technological advances. This paper also proposes tips for practitioners.
Reaction-induced phase transitions with block copolymers in solution and bulk

Reaction-induced phase transitions (RIPTs) encompass a broad range of synthetic strategies that use chemical reactions to drive the organization of macromolecules into complex, nanoscale morphologies. A diverse set of chemical reactions are now available which can alter a polymer's composition and can provide access to a rich landscape of tailorable morphologies in both solution and bulk. In this review, we highlight advances in RIPTs that rely upon functionalization, deprotection, conjugation, chain-scission, grafting, and polymerization to induce disorder-to-order or order-to-order phase transitions in situ. To date, polymerization-induced self-assembly is the most well-established RIPT, but only represents one of a broader family of reactions for inducing macromolecular organization. This contribution explores the wider field of chemical reactions for inducing macromolecular self-assembly or reorganization and takes a comprehensive look at significant and recent developments in this flourishing area of research.
Abstract PO066: Effect of radiation on oral cancer cell viability and anti-tumor T-cell responses

Background: Oral cancer is a malignant, neoplastic disorder most commonly presenting as squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is responsible for nearly 300,000 new diagnoses and 145,000 deaths globally each year, and in the United States alone, approximately one person will die from oral cancer every hour every day in 2020. Although primary surgical resection remains the standard of care for these patients, tumor recurrence is common (40%) and late stage five year survival rate is low ( Methods: A metastatic mouse HNSCC cell line, LY2, was seeded and exposed to increasing doses of ionizing radiation (0, 20, 50, 100 200 Gy) generated via an RS2000 Irradiator, a ten minute exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, freeze/thaw cycling, or a combination of these treatments. Following exposure, cells were cultured for 96 hours. Cell viability was assessed by microscopic imaging using a Leica microscope, and analysis was performed in ImageJ. Proteins were extracted from the cells, and protein concentration was quantified using a BCA assay. Next, single cell suspensions from the lymph nodes of LY2 tumor bearing, immunocompetent BALB/c mice were obtained and stimulated using various concentrations (0, 1.6, 8, and 40 µg) of proteins obtained from the LY2 cells. Antigen specific T cell proliferative responses, as determined by Alamar Blue assay, were compared between different concentrations of irradiated LY2 protein as well as the different exposure types. Cell supernatants were also harvested for analysis of the T cell specific cytokines, IL-4, IL-2, and IFNg. Results: LY2—HNSCC showed reduced viability in response ionizing radiation in a dose-dependent manner. The ideal, immunogenic range for harvested protein between 1.6µg and 8µg elicited an optimal T cell immune response. Additionally, Alamar Blue assay analysis demonstrated that LY2 proteins harvested from cells exposed to ionizing radiation or freeze/thaw cycling exhibited a proliferative response that was both dose-dependent and antigen specific, while cells exposed to UV light displayed no significant T cell proliferation. Conclusion: These results confirm a dose-dependent, cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation on HNSCC cells. Proteins from cells exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation and freeze/thaw cycles can be successfully extracted with preserved antigenic profiles. Future work will allow characterization of the cellular response and enhance the study of the anti-tumor immune mechanisms in new and exciting ways. Citation Format: Travis Pero, Nathan Ryan, Kelvin Anderson, Steve Oghumu. Effect of radiation on oral cancer cell viability and anti-tumor T-cell responses [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Virtual Special Conference: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2020 Oct 19-20. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2021;9(2 Suppl):Abstract nr PO066.
MDSP - a Multichannel Digitizer and Spectral Processor for Smallsat Radiometer Applications

This paper presents the MDSP, a modular, scalable spectrometer baseband processing unit appropriate for use in general smallsat (∼3U) missions. Currently, THz and GHz radiometers have one RF front-end and one back-end spectrometer. Modern technological advances have permitted the front-end receivers to be extremely compact and operate non-cryogenic. However, to meet the needs of Ionospheric Thermospheric Mesopheric (ITM) and Magnetospheric-Ionospheric (M-I) coupling sciences, one needs multiple THz and GHz sensors, making a scalable Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) profile a key factor for resource-limited missions. To meet this need, we propose an integrated, scalable, multichannel, spectrometer baseband processing unit that accepts multiple down-converted RF signals from several independent front-end receivers and processes them to obtain multiple radiance spectra simultaneously with minimum amounts of power. We present the formulated requirements for the low SWaP scalable spectrometer back-end, followed by the derived architecture and design. A brief discussion of parts selection is followed by presentation of a prototype hardware/firmware solution and test results. A concluding discussion of alternative uses for the multi-channel integrated base-band receiver design are presented as well.
Development of a Framework for the Culture of Scientific Research.

This article describes the development of a framework identifying 31 cultural aspects of scientific research categorized as either Practices, Norms/Expectations, or Values/Beliefs. The framework wa...
Holistic Nursing in the Genetic/Genomic Era

Holistic nursing practice is an ever-evolving transformative process with core values that require continued growth, professional leadership, and advocacy. Holistic nurses are required to stay current with all new required competencies, such as the Core Competencies in Genetics for Health Professional, and, as such, be adept at translating scientific evidence relating to genetics/genomics in the clinical setting. Knowledge of genetics/genomics in relation to nursing practice, policy, utilization, and research influence nurses' responsibilities. In addition to holistic nursing competencies, the holistic nurse must have basic knowledge and skills to integrate genetics/genomics aspects. It is important for holistic nurses to enhance their overall knowledge foundation, skills, and attitudes about genetics to prepare for the transformation in health care that is already underway. Holistic nurses can provide an important perspective to the application of genetics and genomics, focusing on health promotion, caring, and understanding the relationship between caring and families, community, and society. Yet there may be a lack of genetic and genomic knowledge to fully participate in the current genomic era. This article will explore the required core competencies for all health care professionals, share linkage of holistic nurses in practice with genetic/genomic conditions, and provide resources to further one's knowledge base.
The Mars and Venus Effect: The Influence of User Gender on the Effectiveness of Adaptive Task Support

Providing adaptive support to users engaged in learning tasks is the central focus of intelligent tutoring systems. There is evidence that female and male users may benefit differently from adaptive support, yet it is not understood how to most effectively adapt task support to gender. This paper reports on a study with four versions of an intelligent tutoring system for introductory computer programming offering different levels of cognitive (conceptual and problem-solving) and affective (motivational and engagement) support. The results show that female users reported significantly more engagement and less frustration with the affective support system than with other versions. In a human tutorial dialogue condition used for comparison, a consistent difference was observed between females and males. These results suggest the presence of the Mars and Venus Effect, a systematic difference in how female and male users benefit from cognitive and affective adaptive support. The findings point toward design principles to guide the development of gender-adaptive intelligent tutoring systems.
Measuring the Public's Familiarity With Recreation Areas

Improving our understanding of the role of information in leisure choices and more fully utilizing information as a recreation management and marketing tool will require documentation of what infor...
The NIST Smart Space and Meeting Room projects: signals, acquisition annotation, and metrics

Pervasive computing devices, sensors, and networks, provide infrastructure for context aware smart meeting rooms that sense ongoing human activities and respond to them. This requires advances in areas including networking, distributed computing, sensor data acquisition, signal processing, speech recognition, human identification, and natural language processing. Open interoperability and metrology standards for the sensor and recognition technologies can aid R&D programs in making these advances. The NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Smart Space and Meeting Room projects are developing tools for data formats, transport, distributed processing, and metadata. We are using them to create annotated multi modal research corpora and measurement algorithms for smart meeting rooms, which we are making available to the research and development community.
Forecasting Changes in Copper Futures Volatility with GARCH Models Using an Iterated Algorithm

There is a gap in the literature regarding the out-of-sample forecasting ability of GARCH-type models applied to derivatives. A practitioner-oriented method (iterated cumulative sum of squares) is applied to detecting breakpoints in the variance of two copper futures series. Short-, intermediate-, and long-term out-of-sample forecasts of copper future series are compared to forecasts from a benchmark random walk model for each series. Not only do the GARCH-type models dominate the random walk model, but the relative improvement is fairly consistent across series, forecast horizon, and GARCH-type model. The evidence makes clear that, with few exceptions, the forecast improvement of the GARCH-type models over the RW model lies somewhere between 20–30%. It is particularly true that for the long-term close to close forecasts, there is great coherence among the forecasts. These all fall within a fairly narrow range.
Common Random Numbers

By far the simplest and most widely used variance reduction technique (VRT) for stochastic simulations is simply to use the same sets of common random number streams (CRNs) to generate random variables when running simulations at different input factor settings. This is the default, or is easily implemented, in many commercial simulation software packages. However, this potentially powerful VRT should be used differently depending on how random variables are generated, how these random variables are used when running the simulation model to generate output data, and how the output data is used in analysis. Keywords: simulation; variance reduction techniques; common random numbers
Investigating effects of changes in power market regulations on demand-side resources aggregators

A significant role of power market regulator is increasing market efficiency by considering constraints of power system. Thus, a power market regulator implements several regulations to achieve this target. However, the changes in regulations may have undesirable effects on some emerging market players. In this study, effects of changes in spinning reserve market regulations on behavior of demand-side resources aggregators such as responsive loads aggregator and plug-in electric vehicles aggregator are investigated. In this study, a hybrid method based on multi-agents and dynamic game theory considering supply function equilibrium model for bidding strategy is proposed to simulate behavior of the market players from regulator's point of view. The results demonstrate that smart aggregators can convert threats to opportunities and enhance their own profit, their customers' income and even the market efficiency.
Too Many Muons from Cosmic Accelerators

The evidence for both surface and underground muons produced by radiation from Cyg X3 is reviewed. The number of surface muons if real require impossibly large muon to electron ratios if they are produced by gammas from Cygnus. The underground muons, because of their number, angular spread, and implied energy from depth form such a contradictory set of circumstances that rule out atmospheric production by gammas or any other particle! The facts suggest the muons have low energy and are produced close to the detectors. Light particles called cygnets with electron-like masses and cross sections σ = 10 − 100μb are conjectured as responsibile for both the surface and underground muons. Models, using associated production, heavy parents, or endothermic mechanism as escapes are presented to reconcile cygnets with beam dump experiments. The difficulties associated with new particle interpretations of Cygnus muons are substantial!
The neuropathology of HIV.

Publisher Summary HIV-associated neuropathology focuses on the mechanism of HIV-associated dementia. The prime neuropathological cause of HIV dementia and less severe neurocognitive changes is HIV encephalitis. HIV encephalitis is a subacute inflammatory response in the brain that occurs in association with an overt infection of brain cells by HIV-1. When other infectious central nervous system (CNS) pathogens are present in the brain, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Toxoplasma gondii , the diagnosis can be difficult to make. When no other pathogen is present that can provoke a subacute inflammatory picture, the diagnosis of HIV encephalitis is made much more readily. HIV-1 infects the cells of the CNS in all infected people, but in HIV encephalitis, virus replication may be accelerated and proinflammatory changes are produced. HIV encephalitis is diagnosed histologically based upon the presence of a reasonably characteristic constellation of changes. A unique change is the presence of multinucleated giant cells, which is considered a hallmark lesion. Another histological change usually present in HIV encephalitis is multiple microglial nodules.
Metabolic Requirements of Red Drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, for Protein and Energy Based on Weight Gain and Body Composition

Precise formulation of diets that meet but do not greatly exceed nutritional requirements should assist in lowering feed costs for commercial aquaculture of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. In this study, protein and energy requirements of red drum for maintenance and maximum gain were determined by feeding a diet containing digestible protein (DP) at 36.5% and 14.2 kJ digestible energy (DE) per gram at various rates for 8 wk in two separate experiments. Changes in weight and whole-body energy and protein were measured and regressed against protein or energy fed using a nonlinear procedure. In the first experiment, juvenile fish [ approximately 3. 4 g initial body weight (BW)] were either starved or fed at one of the following g/(100 g BW.d): 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8. The second experiment utilized larger red drum (approximately 5.5 g initial weight), fed 0.75, 1.5, 3, 5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 or 7 g/(100 g BW.d) to confirm and refine results from the first experiment. Based on maintenance of body weight in both experiments, red drum had a protein maintenance requirement of 1.5 and 2.5 g DP/(kg BW.d) whereas estimates based on maintenance of whole-body protein were 0.5 and 2.2 g DP/(kg BW.d). Energy requirements for maintenance of weight and body energy ranged from 58 to 93 and 92 to 97 kJ DE/(kg BW.d), respectively. Protein requirements for maximum weight gain and change in body protein ranged from 20 to 25 g DP/(kg BW.d), whereas energy requirements for maximum weight gain and whole-body deposition ranged from 776 to 958 and 914 to 985 kJ DE/(kg BW.d), respectively. These requirements for maintenance and maximum gain of red drum should assist in formulation of diets for a variety of desired feeding strategies.
The Role of Residual Stress Measurement in the Development of Laser Peening

This paper provides a summary of residual stress measurements performed in the development of a specific application of laser peening. Laser peening is an emerging surface treatment for metals that imparts compressive residual stress near the surface by introducing cold work. Since residual stress is a key outcome of the process, its measurement is an important process diagnostic. The first part of this work demonstrates the effects of specific laser peening process variations on the residual stress profile imparted to a corrosion-resistant nickel alloy (Alloy 22, UNS N06022). The second part of this work demonstrates measurements of a two-dimensional spatial distribution of the weld-direction residual stress component for a thick welded joint in the as-welded and laser peened conditions.