cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Production protocol development for greenhouse cut Linaria, Lupinus, and Papaver flowers

Abstract Linaria maroccana Hook. f. Ann., ‘Lace Violet’, Lupinus hartwegii ssp. cruikshankii Lindl. ‘Sunrise’ and Papaver nudicaule L. ‘Meadow Pastels’ seeds were directly sown into 105 cell plug trays and received either ambient light or supplemental high intensity discharge (HID) lighting. For each species, a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial was used with two light intensities during propagation, three transplant stages, and three night temperatures. Seedlings were transplanted at the appearance of 2–3, 5–6, or 8–9 true leaves. Transplanted Linaria and Papaver seedlings were placed at 5/11, 10/16, or 15/21 ± 1 °C night/day temperatures and Lupinus seedlings were placed at 15/24, 18/25, or 20/26 ± 2 °C night/day temperatures. For this study, the optimum production temperature for Linaria was 10/16 °C as the cut stems produced at 15/21 °C were unmarketable and production time was excessively long at 5/11 °C. At 10/16 °C, Linaria seedlings should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage to maximize stem number, stem length and profitability. For Lupinus the optimum temperature was 15/24 °C due to long stems and high profitability per plant. Lupinus seedlings should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage when grown at 15/24 °C to obtain the longest and thickest stems; however, $/m2 week was higher for plants transplanted at the 8–9 leaf stage due to less time in finishing production space. For Papaver, the 15/21 °C temperature was optimal as that temperature produced the longest stems in the shortest duration, resulting in the highest $/m2 week. At 15/21 °C Papaver plants should be transplanted at the 2–3 leaf stage. Supplemental HID lighting had no effect on any of the species.
Analysis of mitral inertance: a factor critical for early transmitral filling.

The upslope of the transmitral E wave depends on the combined influence of the rate of change of the atrioventricular gradient and the inertial mass of blood within the mural apparatus (inertance). To use observed transmitral velocity to predict the atrioventricular pressure (Δp) difference requires knowledge of the magnitude of mural inertance (M, inertial mass divided by effective orifice area), closely related to the length over which blood accelerates and decelerates on passing through the valve. To define the magnitude and determining factors for mitral inertance in typical valvular geometries, we used an in vitro model in which a known atrioventricular gradient (Δp, range 3.8 to 39 mm Hg) was applied instantaneously to orifices (areas of 0.5,1,1.5, 2, and 2.5 cm 2 ) and conduits (volume 2.5 to 24 ml). Continuous wave Doppler spectra were recorded and the slope (dv/dt) of the tangent to the upslope was measured manually. From slope and pressure difference, inertance was calculated as Δp/(dv/dt). In 103 combinations of pressure gradients and orifices or conduits, inertance ranged between 1.9 and 12.7 gm/cm 2 . Linear regression showed that inertance M was highly correlated with orifice diameter D (M = 3.17 D; r = 0.84; p r = 0.87; p
Moral responsibility and the continuation problem

Typical incompatibilists about moral responsibility and determinism contend that being basically morally responsible for a decision one makes requires that, if that decision has proximal causes, it is not deterministically caused by them. This article develops a problem for this contention that resembles what is sometimes called the problem of present (or cross-world) luck. However, the problem makes no reference to luck nor to contrastive explanation. This article also develops a solution.
Smoking during the night: prevalence and smoker characteristics.

We report on the smoking patterns and characteristics of individuals who smoke at night. We also explore the relationship between night smoking, nicotine dependence, and cessation outcomes. Participants (N=691) were heavy smokers enrolled in cessation research clinics. Data were from three studies. Using ecological momentary assessment, participants monitored their smoking (ad libitum, day and night) on electronic diaries (EDs) during a 2-week baseline period and for 4 weeks following a target quit day. A total of 41% of smokers recorded at least one episode of night smoking. Within this group, night smoking occurred on 26% of nights, averaging two episodes per night. ED data correlated with a single self-report item assessing the frequency of night smoking. Night smoking was associated with greater nicotine dependence and daily caffeine consumption. It also predicted risk for lapsing beyond traditional measures of nicotine dependence. Night smoking is common, is associated with nicotine dependence, and it represents additional risk for cessation failure. People who smoke at night may need nicotine replacement therapy overnight. Future research should determine whether treatments that improve sleep quality also improve cessation outcomes in night smokers.
THYMOSIN-INDUCED INCREASE IN E-ROSETTE- FORMING CAPACITY OF LYMPHOCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS

Thymosin, a thymic hormone, restores decreased cellular immunity under various experimental conditions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thymosin on the E-rosette-forming capacity in cancer patients. Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from eight patients with various malignant neoplasms were examined. One of these patients received thymosin intramuscularly; his E-rosette formation was examined serially. Eight normal adults served as controls. Patients with advanced stages of malignant tumors showed decreased E-rosette-forming capacity, which increased significantly under the influence of thymosin. Patients with less-advanced tumors, as well as normal adults, demonstrated normal E-rosette formation without further effects by thymosin. The in vivo administration of thymosin to one patient was followed by a marked increase of the E-rosette-forming capacity. These results suggest that the administration of thymosin, both in vivo and in vitro, significantly increases the circulating T-lymphocyte levels and/or functions in patients with advanced malignant neoplasms. Cancer 36:974-976, 1975.
Rate-Dependent Premature Beats in Man

Ventricular premature beats (VPBs) appeared in a patient after pacemaker insertion for complete heart block secondary to acute myocardial infarction. Contrary to expectations, the frequency of VPBs was directly related to the basic pacemaker rate. The VPBs are either reentrant beats or represent VPBs arising from pacemaker cells with "slow-response" characteristics, which have been shown to become more automatic with increasing rates of electrical stimulation. This case documents the phenomenon of rate dependency of VPBs in man and discusses its practical importance.
Policy-capturing in the field: The nuclear safeguards problem☆

Abstract In order to understand the nuclear safeguards problem underlying the judgment policy research described in this report, it must first be discussed in a very broad context. Most informed people today realize that introduction of any major technological innovation may entail new problems and uncertainties equal to, or greater than, those which the innovation is supposed to resolve. This report concerns a particular type of technological innovation which has emerged in connection with what may be called the world electricity dilemma.
Increasing Coordination Demands and the Impact on CIO Rank

There are a number of forces that have intensified the coordination demands in large, multi-business firms in recent years. This study considers the organizational response of the information technology function to meet those demands for coordination throughout the large firm. We utilize a unique measure, CIO Rank, to highlight an increase in the prominence of the IT function and specifically the top IT executive over the fifteen year period, 1993 to 2007. Data representing 186 Fortune 1000 firms was used to test hypotheses that the demand for coordination influences the CIO Rank and firms that address high demands for coordination with an elevated role for the IT function perform better. While the empirical evidence of an increasingly prominent role for IT is strong, the evidence is mixed regarding the contingent effect of coordination demands on the role of the IT function and subsequent firm performance.
Structure−Activity Relationships of Diverse Annonaceous Acetogenins against Multidrug Resistant Human Mammary Adenocarcinoma (MCF-7/Adr) Cells

Fourteen structurally diverse Annonaceous acetogenins, representing the three main classes of bis-adjacent, bis-nonadjacent, and single-THF ring(s), were tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of adriamycin resistant human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7/Adr) cells. This cell line is resistant to treatment with adriamycin, vincristine, and vinblastine and is, thus, multidrug resistant (MDR). Among a series of bis-adjacent THF ring acetogenins, those with the stereochemistry of threo-trans-threo-trans-erythro (from C-15 to C-24) were the most potent with as much as 250 times the potency of adriamycin. A spacing of 13 carbons between the flanking hydroxyl of the THF ring system and the γ-unsaturated lactone seems to be optimum with a spacing of 11 and 9 carbons being significantly less active. Several single-THF ring compounds were also quite potent with gigantetrocin A (11) being the most potent compound tested. The acetogenins may, thus, have chemotherapeutic potential, especially with regard to MDR...
Flux-based contaminant transport in a GIS environment

A computationally efficient method for predicting contaminant mass flux to a specified boundary is presented. The method combines streamlines calculated using the analytic element method with a first-passage-time (residence time) approach to calculating mass flux. Computations exploit convolution in Laplace space with numerical inversion. The technique is carried out in a geographic information system (GIS) that takes full advantage of widely available digital hydrologic data. The flux-based estimations allow efficient coupling of contaminant mass across hydrologic interfaces. This combined approach is useful for rapid but approximate transport computations either at the local or regional scale. We demonstrate the approach by considering nitrogen-loading to surface water due to surface application of animal feedlot waste. Nitrogen is predicted to migrate through ground-water, resulting in a long-term loading to nearby streams. The object-oriented implementation of this modeling approach improves integration between the GIS and the transport modeling, allowing transport results to be returned to the database.
Variations in articulatory movement with changes in speech task.

Studies of normal and disordered articulatory movement often rely on the use of short, simple speech tasks. However, the severity of speech disorders can be observed to vary markedly with task. Und...
Peroxynitrite exposure of cells cocultured with macrophages.

Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidant that is formed endogenously from NO and O2 −. One approach for studying its toxicity involves the coculture of activated macrophages (producers of NO and O2 −) with “target cells” (which make O2 − but not NO). Because peroxynitrite concentrations in such experiments are too small and localized to measure, reaction-diffusion models were developed for situations ranging from isolated cells to many cells randomly distributed on a plate. In these models the macrophage population created a constant NO concentration in and near all cells, whereas fluxes of O2 − into the media from individual macrophages led to localized extracellular formation of peroxynitrite. Target cells were found to have no effect on the peroxynitrite concentrations in other cells, whereas the macrophage effects were additive. The average concentration inside randomly distributed target cells increased with increasing macrophage number density, as entry of extracellular peroxynitrite grew in importance relative to intracellular formation. For high cell densities, large peroxynitrite membrane permeabilities, and low rates of intracellular synthesis, the surrounding macrophages were calculated to double or triple the peroxynitrite concentration in an average target cell. It was estimated that a macrophage enveloping a target cell could cause as much as a 10-fold increase in the concentration inside that target cell.
Normal and aberrant functions of integrins in the adult central nervous system.

Abstract Integrins are heterodimeric proteins mediating cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesive connections (Springer T.A., 1990, Nature 346 , 425–434) and signal transduction across the plasma membrane. The important roles of integrins in neural development and cancer, where they subserve process outgrowth and cell migration, are well documented, but information on integrins in the adult central nervous system has been slower to arrive. Now that strong evidence, both molecular biological and immunocytochemical, has been collected, it is useful to speculate on what these interesting proteins may be doing in the adult central nervous system. Suggestive data now points to roles in functions characterized in part by morphological rearrangements, such as learning and memory, and injury responses.
Repatriate moves as career transitions

Abstract This article examines repatriate job changes from a career development perspective. The article proposes a set of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the repatriation process. In addition, it identifies the key factors that facilitate adjustment to, and performance in, repatriate job assignments. The article also suggests the roles that career development programs can play in managing repatriate job changes.
Positive effects of a psycho-educational group intervention for children with a chronic disease: First results

Abstract Objective To determine the effectiveness of a psycho-educational group intervention for chronically ill children. Methods Based on principles from cognitive behavior therapy and information from previous research about children's experiences with coping with a chronic disease we developed an intervention to be used for children with different chronic diseases. The program, called Op Koers (OK), with six sessions for different age groups, was evaluated by standardised and researcher-developed psychological measures. Results A total of 109 patients participated in the study on the effects of the psycho-educational intervention. Improvements in behavioral–emotional outcomes, social competence, information seeking, relaxation and positive thinking were found both in short and medium term. Additionally, the sessions received positive appraisals. Conclusions The program appears to have a significant and positive impact on chronically children. Further research is needed to establish the effects of the intervention. Practice implications Beneficial effects can be expected from the implementation of a psycho-educational group intervention for children with heterogeneous chronic health conditions.
Propionibacterium infection associated with bovine pericardium dural allograft: Case report

Propionibacteria are known to play a part in postneurosurgical infections, primarily those involving ventricular shunts. Nevertheless, little is known about the association between dural allografts and propionibacterium infections. Two patients underwent craniotomy for supratentorial meningiomas and each received a dural allograft. Both patients subsequently presented with delayed epidural fluid collections several weeks after surgery. Propionibacterium species was cultured in samples from both patients. The allografts were removed and the patients were treated with appropriate antibiotic agents; one patient underwent an interval craniectomy. Both patients demonstrated neuroimaging and clinical improvement after surgery and antiobiotic therapy. These cases demonstrate the association of propionibacterium infections with dural allografts. Furthermore, in patients with latent and indolent infections, Propionibacterium spp. should be suspected and treated appropriately.
Microbiological parameters as indicators of compost maturity

S.M. TIQUIA. 2005. Aims: The objectives of this study were to determine the changes of microbial properties of pig manure collected from pens with different management strategies and composted using different turning and moisture regimes; relate their association with humification parameters and compost temperature; and identify the most suitable microbial indicators of compost maturity. Methods and Results: Six different microbial parameters, including total bacterial count, oxygen consumption rate, ATP content, dehydrogenase activity, and microbial biomass C and N, along with humification parameters [humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and HA : FA ratio] and compost temperature were monitored during composting. Significant positive correlations were found between temperature and microbial properties, including O2 consumption rate, ATP content, dehydrogenase activity, and microbial biomass N. The humification parameters also showed significant correlations with microbial properties of the manure compost. For instance, HA contents of pig manures was positively correlated with total aerobic heterotrophs, and microbial biomass N and C; and negatively correlated with O2 consumption rate, ATP content, and dehydrogenase activity. Among the six microbial parameters examined, dehydrogenase activity was the most important factor affecting compost temperature and humification parameters. Composting strategies employed in this study affected the speed of composting and time of maturation. If the moisture content is maintained weekly at 60% with a 4-day turning frequency, the pig manure will reach maturity in 56 days. Conclusions: The composting process went through predictable changes in temperature, microbial properties and chemical components despite differences in the initial pig manure and composting strategies used. Among the six microbial parameters used, dehydrogenase activity is the most suitable indicator of compost maturity. Compared with respiration rate, ATP content and microbial biomass procedures, dehydrogenase activity is the simplest, quickest, and cheapest method that can be used to monitor the stability and maturity of composts. Significance and Impact of the Study: The results presented here show that microbial parameters can be used in revealing differences between composts and compost maturity. The statistical relationship established between humification parameters and microbial parameters, particularly dehydrogenase activity, demonstrates that it is possible to monitor the composting process more easily and rapidly by avoiding longer and more expensive analytical procedures.
Name those quantities.

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has created a number of radiation protection quantities since its Publication 26 appeared in 1977. The ensuing years have brought chaos in the form of multiple definitions and symbols for the same and similar quantities, conflicting definitions, mathematical absurdities, and a proliferation of terms. Despite this, the most commonly used radiation protection quantities in the USA and in the International Atomic Energy Agency's Basic Safety Standards have not been named or clearly defined by the ICRP. This paper proposes the names "total effective dose" for the prospective quantity, and "total personal effective dose" for the quantity pertaining to an exposed individual.
Requirement for BAFF and APRIL during B Cell Development in GALT

The effects of B cell-activating factor belonging to the TNF family (BAFF) on B cell maturation and survival in the mouse are relatively well understood. In contrast, little is known about the role of BAFF in B cell development in other mammals, such as rabbits, that use GALT to develop and maintain the B cell compartment. We examined the expression and requirement of BAFF and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) during peripheral B cell development in young rabbits. By neutralizing BAFF and APRIL in neonates with a soluble decoy receptor, transmembrane activator calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor-Fc, we found a marked reduction in the number of peripheral B cells, but found no change in the bone marrow (BM) compartment. In the appendix, the size and number of proliferating B cell follicles were greatly reduced, demonstrating that although BAFF/APRIL is dispensable for B cell development in BM, it is required for B cell development in GALT. We found that all rabbit B cells expressed BAFF receptor 3, but did not bind rBAFF, suggesting that the BAFF-binding receptors (BBRs) are bound by endogenous soluble BAFF. Further, we found that B cells themselves express BAFF, suggesting that the soluble BAFF bound to BBRs may be endogenously produced and stimulate B cells in an autocrine fashion. Additionally, we propose that this chronic occupancy of BBRs on B cells may provide a tonic and/or survival signal for the maintenance of peripheral B cells in adults after B lymphopoiesis is arrested in BM.
Corpus-independent history compression for stochastic turn-taking models

Stochastic turn-taking models use a truncated representation of past speech activity to specify how likely a speaker is to talk at the next instant. An unanswered question in such modeling is how far back to extend the conditioning context. We study this question using Switchboard (English, telephone) and Spontal (Swedish, face-to-face) conversations. We also explore whether to trade off precision with range when moving backward in the history. We find that (1) a nearly logarithmic compression of history is optimal, for both speaker and interlocutor; (2) the absolute duration of the conditioning context is at least 7 seconds; and (3) the compression scheme generalizes remarkably well across the two different corpora.
Management of severe anemia secondary to menorrhagia in a Jehovah's Witness: a case report and treatment algorithm

We report a 44 year old nulligravida Jehovah's Witness with a known fibroid uterus who presented with menorrhagia and life-threatening anemia. Adamant in her refusal of blood products and deemed too unstable for surgical management, the patient was managed conservatively by a multidisciplinary team.
Jottings from the business intelligence jungle

This paper examines some of the big hitting issues in the business intelligence world and shows how APL remains a key component in the resolution of these issues. It also suggests areas where APL could fill new voids that require flexible development environments. Like in the film 'Tron', where APL played a quiet but key role, in business intelligence you can see it still plays a quiet but key role.
The mammalian family of sterile 20p-like protein kinases

Twenty-eight kinases found in mammalian genomes share similarity to the budding yeast kinase Ste20p. This review article examines the biological function of these mammalian Ste20 kinases. Some of them have conserved the Ste20p function of transducing extracellular signals to mitogen-activated kinases. Others affect ion transport, cell cycle, cytoskeleton organization, and program cell death. A number of molecular details involved in the activation of the kinases are discussed including autophosphorylation, substrate recognition, autoinhibition, dimerization, and substrate binding.
A multiplexed microfluidic impedance sensor for high throughput analysis of microparticles

A micromachined eight-channel Coulter counting device to achieve high throughput detection and counting of microparticles is reported. The design, fabrication and testing of the multichannel device is presented. The detection was implemented by measuring the resistance change of each individual microfluidic channel. The use of grounded isolation electrodes eliminates crosstalk among channels and thus allows simultaneous particle detection without crosstalk. Preliminary testing results using Juniperus Scopulorum (Rocky Mountain Juniper) pollen particles demonstrated the throughput of the device was significantly improved by simultaneously detecting particles through its parallel channels. This detection principle can be extended to a larger number of channels to further improve the detection throughput.
The Toxicity of Cyclopiazonic Acid in Weaned Pigs

Five- to six-week-old crossbred pigs weighing 5 to 14 kg were given purified cyclopiazonic acid at dosages of 10, 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. Clinical signs observed by day 7 in pigs given 10 mg/kg body weight were weakness, inactivity, anorexia, rough hair coats, and reduced body weights. These pigs also developed diarrhea during week 2 of the experiment. The pigs given 1.0 mg/kg body weight had rough hair coats and were moderately inactive during the second week of the experiment. At necropsy, lesions were observed only in pigs given 10 and 1.0 mg/kg body weight of cyclopiazonic acid. Lesions were gastric ulcers, mucosal hyperemia, and hemorrhage throughout the small and large intestine in pigs given 10 mg/kg body weight of cyclopiazonic acid. The pigs also had yellow, fibrononecrotic material in the lumen of the small intestine and pale livers. One pig given 1.0 mg/kg body weight had gastric ulceration. Microscopic lesions in pigs given 10 mg/kg body weight were necrotizing gastroenteritis, focal hepatocellular necrosis, hepatic peripheral lobular fatty change, and focal renal tubular nephrosis with focal suppurative tubulointerstitial nephritis. Pigs given 1.0 mg/kg body weight of cyclopiazonic acid had necrotizing gastritis and villous blunting in the jejunum and ileum.
Biosynthesis of lipid resorcinols and benzoquinones in isolated secretory plant root hairs

The primary functions of root hairs are to increase the root surface area and to aid plants in water and nutrient uptake. However, some root hairs also have secretory functions and exude bioactive secondary metabolites. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) root hairs release a substantial amount of phenolic lipids including sorgoleone, a 3-pentadecatriene benzoquinone. The activity of the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of lipid resorcinols and benzoquinones was measured directly in isolated root hair preparations obtained from 6-d-old roots. The purified root hair preparation readily converted long-chain acyl-CoA starter units to their corresponding lipid resorcinols and decanoyl-CoA was the best substrate, yielding a 5-n-nonyl-resorcinol. The isolated root hair preparation also had high S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent O-methyltransferase activity, which catalyses the methylation of several 5-n-alkyl-resorcinols. Optimum activity was with 5-n-pentyl-resorcinol. Isolated root hairs also exhibited hydroxylase activity (putatively a P450 mono-oxygenase) that reacted with the lipophilic 5-pentadecyl-resorcinol substrate. The in situ hydroxylase activity was low relative to the other enzymes studied, but was still detectable in isolated root hairs. Thus, sorghum root hairs possess the entire metabolic machinery necessary for the biosynthesis of lipid resorcinols and benzoquinones. This will have implications for the genetic engineering of bioactive lipid resorcinols and benzoquinones in sorghum and in other plant species. It also demonstrates that some root hairs can function as specialized cells for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites.
The Role of Gender Identity Threat in Perceptions of Date Rape and Sexual Coercion

We experimentally investigated the effects of gender identity threat on men's and women's perceptions of date rape and sexual coercion. Results showed that men whose masculinity was threatened responded by blaming the victim and exonerating the perpetrator more, while threatened women respond by blaming male perpetrators more and placing less blame on female victims. Men's response to threats was more pronounced than women's, an asymmetry we attribute to the cultural devaluation of femininity. Our findings highlight the significance of masculinity concerns in perceptions of sexual violence and, more generally, the importance of perceiver context in views of violence against women.
Knowledge of Alzheimer’s Disease, Feelings of Shame, and Awareness of Services Among Korean American Elders

Objective: To explore predictors of knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), feelings of shame if a family member were to have AD, and awareness of AD-related services among Korean American elders. Method: Using data from 675 Korean American elders (mean age = 70.2, SD = 6.87), the study estimates hierarchical linear or logistic regression models. Results: Greater knowledge of AD is predicted by higher levels of education and acculturation. Feelings of shame associated with family members having AD are more likely to be reported by individuals with lower levels of education, acculturation, and knowledge of AD. Those who are married have greater levels of education and acculturation, and those who have a family member with AD are more aware of AD-related services. Discussion: The study findings underscore the pivotal role of education and acculturation in predicting knowledge of AD, feelings of shame, and awareness of AD-related services.
Foreign-Body Inclusion Cyst Presenting on the Lateral Nasal Sidewall 1 Year After Rhinoplasty

Hemostasis and decreased risk of synechiae formation are benefits of nasal packing after sinus surgery; however, these must be weighed against the possible complications, which can include devastating toxic shock syndrome. Nasal packing is often impregnated with an ointment that allows for a less traumatic placement into and removal from the nasal cavity, as well as providing some antibiotic coverage for nasal bacterial flora. Orbital complications secondary to the petroleum-based packing have been reported. When sinus surgery is performed in conjunction with a rhinoplasty, there is a possibility of petroleum ointment migrating into intranasal incisions or osteotomy sites. A 15-year-old girl was examined 1 year after endoscopic sinus surgery combined with an open rhinoplasty had been performed at another institution. Physical examination showed a widened nasal dorsum with an open-roof deformity and a 1-cm firm mass lateral to her lateral nasal sidewall. The pathological examination after removal of the cyst showed a foreign-body inclusion cyst or lipogranuloma. The cyst contained a petroleum-based substance.
Thyroid Hormone Deposition in Avian Eggs and Effects on Embryonic Development

Studies to date indicate that thyroid hormones are present in the eggs of chickens and quail and that those hormones are primarily in the yolk. Quail hens deposit thyroid hormones into eggs in proportion to their own thyroid status, but appear to show some regulation of this process. Indirect studies suggest that thyroid hormones are transferred into oocytes bound to lipoproteins and transthyretin, both of which are taken up by receptor-mediated processes. Thyroid hormones bound to yolk lipoproteins may enter embryos with yolk that is taken up by non-specific endocytosis or they may be transported into the embryo by specific carriers. To date most of these ideas about thyroid hormone transport into egg yolk and from egg yolk into embryos have not been investigated directly. In quail, very high T4 content of eggs is associated with accelerated differentiation and growth of embryonic pelvic cartilage, a thyroid hormone-responsive tissue. We evaluate these effects on embryonic tissues and the changes in yolk hormone content during incubation in relation to the timing of thyroid development and studies of the capability for tissue responses to thyroid hormones during early embryonic life
An Analytical Solution for the Normal Force in Linear Actuators

Some electromagnetic planar and linear motors rely on a mover with permanent magnets and a stator with armature windings mounted around a ferromagnetic armature core. In such devices, the mover can develop movement through a straight line by means of a propulsion force. Furthermore, a normal force is also present. It acts as an attraction force between the permanent magnets and armature ferromagnetic cores. As a result, it loads bearings and shafts that must support the mover and can affect the mobility of the latter. The present work proposes and validates an analytical model for that normal force. Theoretical and experimental results show a good agreement
Simulation of the exclusion/extraction InSb MOSFETs

A methodology for simulation of InSb MOSFETs in standard drift-diffusion simulators is presented. Due to its low bandgap and high mobility, InSb shows promise as a material for extremely high frequency active devices operating at very low voltages. Material complexities, such as non-parabolicity, degeneracy, mobility and Auger recombination/generation are explained, and physics based models are developed. This methodology is then applied to the examination of the leakage current, transconductance and maximum unity current gain frequency of the exclusion/extraction MOSFET. Its scaling properties down to 0.15 /spl mu/m are also analyzed.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV8) in primary effusion lymphoma: ultrastructural demonstration of herpesvirus in lymphoma cells

Recent molecular evidence suggests an association with a new herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8), and primary effusion lymphomas (PELs). PELs have a characteristic morphology, phenotype, and clinical presentation, with malignant effusions in the absence of a contiguous solid tumor mass. We have established a cell line (KS-1) from a KSHV-positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patient with pleural cavity-based lymphoma that was passaged into triple-immunodeficient BNX mice. In contrast to cell lines from body cavity-based lymphomas derived from HIV-positive individuals that contain both KSHV and Epstein Barr viral genome, these cells contain only KSHV, allowing for uncontaminated virologic studies. Ultrastructural examination identified malignant cells with features of late differentiating B cells (immunoblasts). Cells with viral cytopathic effect contained typical 110-nm intranuclear herpesvirus nucleocapsids and complete cytoplasmic virions, confirming the association of PEL with KSHV.
Survey of multi-agent systems for microgrid control

Multi-agent systems (MAS) consist of multiple intelligent agents that interact to solve problems that may be beyond the capabilities of a single agent or system. For many years, conceptual MAS designs and architectures have been proposed for applications in power systems and power engineering. With the increasing use and modeling of distributed energy resources for microgrid applications, MAS are well suited to manage the size and complexity of these energy systems. The purpose of this paper is to survey applications of MAS in the control and operation of microgrids. The paper will review MAS concepts, architectures, develop platforms and processes, provide example applications, and discuss limitations.
Darcy kelley: pioneering the frontiers of science education.

Darcy Kelley, a professor at Columbia University, has been a HHMI Professor since 2002. The HHMI Professors are innovative individuals recognized for their dedication to making science education more rewarding for undergraduates. Dr. Kelley recently entertained and educated attendees of the 2007 Symposium for Young Neuroscientists & Professors of the Southeast (SYNAPSE). Before her engaging keynote address, I had the privilege of asking Dr. Kelley about her career as a scientist, including her development of Frontiers in Science, a required course for first-year Columbia undergraduates. The course covers current research and major issues in science (such as evolution and the beginning of the universe) to give incoming students an exciting first look at the field. Ultimately, Dr. Kelley is dedicated to reaching undergraduates with the message that “science is cool.”
Abstract 65: Racial Disparities in Outcomes Following Nonshockable In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background: Black patients have previously been shown to have worse outcomes from ventricular arrhythmias. This discrepancy was largely explained by individual patient characteristics and racial clustering by hospital. However, the vast majority of in-hospital cardiac arrests are due to pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and asystole and little is known about the relationship between race and outcomes in this patient group. Methods: We analyzed PEA and asystolic in-hospital cardiac arrests in the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation (GWTG-R) database from 2000 to 2009. A generalized estimating equation model was used to estimate the average survival difference between black and white patients in the study population. Multilevel conditional fixed effects logistic regression models were then used to estimate the relationship between race and survival to discharge and ROSC, sequentially controlling for hospital, patient demographics, comorbidities, arrest characteristic, process measures and interventions in place at the time of arrest. Results: We identified 76,385 eligible index arrests with a presenting rhythm of PEA or asystole, of which 19,236 (25%) were black. Black patients were younger on average (63 vs 71 years, p Conclusion: Black patients have significantly lower survival rates after in-hospital PEA and asystolic arrests. Hospital, patient demographics, event characteristics, and co-morbidities as measured in the GWTG-R database failed to explain this discrepancy. Furthermore, the consistency between the outcomes differences in ROSC and survival to discharge suggest that there are unmeasured intra-arrest and/or pre-arrest racial differences present. This is in contrast to shockable cardiac arrests in the same database, in which the disparity was greatly reduced after accounting for measured confounders.
Production of Intestinal Ulcers by Active Gastric Juice.

Gastric mucosa has1 a strong natural immunity against corrosion by gastric juice, and wounds made artificially in it tend to heal readily. Mann,2, 5 Dragstedt and Vaughan,3 Morton,4 and others have shown that when other tissues such as kidney, spleen, mucosas of various portions of the intestinal tract with an intact blood supply are implanted into defects made in the stomach wall, they tend to remain sound and healthy without erosion or ulceration, even though exposed to the normal stomach contents. Mann and Williamson,6, 7 after draining the duodenal juices into the lower ileum, anastomosed the upper jejunum to the stomach, ulcers formed in the jejunum. These ulcers were interpreted as due to the corrosive action of acid gastric contents on a sensitive intestinal mucosa now unprotected by the alkaline duodenal juices, plus the “motor drive” mechanical effect of the stomach contents being ejected forcibly against the spot on the intestinal wall where the ulcer was supposed to form. Ivy and Pauley8 point ...
Micro-blog Information Collection and Group Behaviors Analysis

With the rapid development on online social relationship network,millions of people present or comment or share their topics on this new ly platform everyday. It is necessary to mine and analyze this domain by means of the perception,collection,storage and analysis of the social relationship big data. It is hard for a traditional w eb page craw ler to craw l micro-blog data as usual,as there are more differences on micro-blog' s login,display or data processing. We present an algorithm on modelling on micro-blog data craw ler based on simulating brow sers' behaviors. This needs to analyze the simulated brow sers' behaviors in order to obtain the relevant information. The experimental results and the analysis show the feasible of the approach. On the basis of the craw led micro-blog data,w e present the group behaviors analysis.
The Clinical Interpretation and Application of Drug Concentration Data

As the popularity of drug concentration monitoring has grown, the clinical interpretation and application of pharmacokinetic principles has not kept pace with advances in technology. Misinterpretation of these drug measurements can result in ineffective or possibly harmful therapeutic decisions. A practical guide to obtaining and interpreting commonly used drug concentrations is provided.
Rural Lives and Landscapes in Late Byzantium: Art, Archaeology, and Ethnography

This is the first book to examine the late Byzantine peasantry through written, archaeological, ethnographic and painted sources. Investigations of the infrastructure and setting of the medieval village guide the reader into the consideration of specific populations. The village becomes a micro-society, with its own social and economic hierarchies. In addition to studying agricultural workers, mothers and priests, lesser-known individuals, such as the miller and witch, are revealed through written and painted sources. Placed at the center of a new scholarly landscape, the study of the medieval villager engages a broad spectrum of theorists, including economic historians creating predictive models for agrarian economies, ethnoarchaeologists addressing historical continuities and disjunctions, and scholars examining power and female agency.
Deriving the properties of space time using the non-compressible solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations

Recent observations of gravitational waves by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has confirmed one of the last outstanding predictions in general relativity and in the process opened up a new frontier in astronomy and astrophysics. Additionally the observation of gravitational waves has also given us the data needed to deduce the physical properties of space time. Bredberg et al have shown in their 2011 paper titled From Navier-Stokes to Einstein, that for every solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in p + 1 dimensions, there is a uniquely associated dual" solution of the vacuum Einstein equations in p + 2 dimensions. The author shows that the physical properties of space time can be deduced using the recent measurements from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory and solutions from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation.
Assessment method of grid-connection performance for distributed voltage source converters

Considering grid-connected performance under various typical working conditions, a grid-connected performance assessment method based on measured data is proposed in this paper. First, Three level index system of grid-connected performance evaluation is established, the acquisition condition and data processing method of the measured data are analyzed. Then, the calculation and feature extraction methods of each individual index under multi conditions are presented. And then using analytic hierarchy process, weight of the same level of indicators and the relationship between the upper and lower levels, based on improved membership function, fuzzy mathematical model for grid-connected performance indexes of distributed converters is built. Finally, the grid-connected performance of 132kW distributed voltage source converters in Nanjing is evaluated, the effectiveness and practicality of method presented in this paper are verified.
Alaska nurse practitioners' barriers to use of prescription drug monitoring programs

Background and purpose:Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) have begun to demonstrate themselves as useful tools in enhancing safe and responsible prescription of controlled substances. The purpose of this project was to describe current practice, beliefs, and barriers of Alaska nurse pract
Disparities in receipt of care for high-grade endometrial cancer: A National Cancer Data Base analysis

Abstract Purpose To examine patterns of care and survival for Hispanic women compared to white and African American women with high-grade endometrial cancer. Methods We utilized the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to identify women diagnosed with uterine grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma, carcinosarcoma, clear cell carcinoma and papillary serous carcinoma between 2003 and 2011. The effect of treatment on survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Factors predictive of outcome were compared using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results 43,950 women were eligible. African American and Hispanic women had higher rates of stage III and IV disease compared to white women (36.5% vs. 36% vs. 33.5%, p p p Conclusions Among women with high-grade endometrial cancer, African American women have lower all-cause survival while Hispanic women have higher all-cause survival compared to white women after controlling for treatment, sociodemographic, comorbidity and histopathologic variables.
The Politics of the Abendland: Christian Democracy and the Idea of Europe after the Second World War

This article traces the deep cultural and experiential foundations that animated Christian Democratic Europeanism between the mid-1940s and the birth of the European Economic Community in the late 1950s. It shows how the language of Europeanness, generated in a period of multiple and intense crisis, congealed around symbolisms of Christianity and spirituality. More specifically, it connects the post-Second World War Christian Democratic vision of Europe to the 1920s German-Catholic articulation of the Abendland (the Christian West), understood as a supranational and symbolic space alternative to the Soviet Union and the United States and imbued with anti-materialist, anti-socialist and anti-liberal principles. The argument here is that, in mutated form and in context of the Cold War, this view sustained the political reconstruction of Western Europe after the horrors of the Second World War, the ‘European’ thought and language of Christian Democracy and the commitment to the project of European integration.
Jasmonates, Salicylic acid and Brassinosteroids

Until recently jasmonic acid (JA) and its fragrant methyl ester, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), had been studied only modestly since their discovery in plants over 30 years ago. Early research focused primarily on their potential role in plant growth and development. However, after jasmonate was shown to increase the expression of genes involved in plant defense, there was a surge in activity aimed at clarifying the function of these potentially important signaling molecules. Although considerable work remains, increasing evidence supports the hypothesis that jasmonate is involved in signaling stress responses in plants.
ClinVar Is a Critical Resource to Advance Variant Interpretation

In this Letter to the Editor, potentially flawed conclusions of a recent study are discussed.
Formation of matter-wave soliton trains by modulational instability

Solitons are localized wave packets whose dispersion is compensated by a nonlinearity. Solitons are observed in many wave settings including optics, fluids, plasmas, and matter-waves. Bright matter-wave solitons were first created by quenching the interactions in a quasi-one dimensional atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) from repulsive to attractive [1, 2]. Under some conditions a train of up to 10 solitons was formed [2]. Neighboring solitons were observed to repel one another, an effect that was attributed to an alternating π-0-π phase distribution. There has been a theoretical debate whether this phase structure is inherent to the formation of the train, or if it evolves through a series of mergers and annihilations between neighboring solitons that are in-phase, and hence attractive.