cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Risk of Pneumonitis After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Patients With Prior Anatomic Resection

Purpose/Objective(s): Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as a standard treatment option for early stage, medically inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Dosimetric factors including lung volume receiving 20 Gy (V20) >10%and mean lung dose (MLD) >4 Gy are established risk factors for radiation pneumonitis (RP) following SBRT, but limited data evaluate the relative risk of RP in patients undergoing SBRT following prior anatomic lung resection (ALR). This study assessed the incidence of RP and all grade 2+ pulmonary toxicity in patients treated with SBRT for NSCLC following ALR and compare toxicity rates to patients without prior ALR. Materials/Methods: The medical records of 83 consecutive patients with T1-T3 NSCLC treated with 87 courses of SBRT for 93 lung tumors (16 central, 77 peripheral) between January 2007 and September 2013 were reviewed. Sixteen patients with a history of prior ALR were identified, including lobectomy (n Z 12), bilobectomy (nZ 1), and pneumonectomy (n Z 3), with 67 patients without history of prior ALD. The most commonly used fractionation regimen was 50Gy in 5 fractions. Toxicities were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v.4.0. Rates of grade 2+ RP and any grade 2+ pulmonary toxicity were compared between patients with and without prior ALR. Crude rates of RP and all grade 2+ pulmonary toxicity were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Actuarial estimates of freedom from RP (FFRP), in-lobe control (ILC), and overall survival (OS) were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared between cohorts via the log rank method. Results: At a median follow up of 11.9 months (range 1.2 to 81 months), 3 patients developed grade 2+ RP at a median of 4.0 months (range: 1.0-14.8 months). The crude rates of RP were 6.3% and 2.9% for patients with and without prior ALD, respectively (p>0.05). The 2 year Kaplan-Meier estimates of freedom from RP were 86% and 97% (p>0.05). Crude rates of all grade 2+ pulmonary toxicity were 11.8% and 2.9%, respectively, with associated 2 year estimates of 97% and 81%, respectively (p>0.05). The 2 cohorts were well matched by mean lung dose (4.67 Gy vs 4.15 Gy), lung V20 (5.16% vs 4.35%), mean PTV (30.63 cc vs 36.16 cc), and median prescribed dose (50 Gy vs 54) (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions: Observed rates of pulmonary toxicity were low among patients treated by SBRT after ALR. These data provide reassurances that SBRT can be performed safely for patients with prior ALR when conventional lung DVH constraints are utilized. Author Disclosure: J.T. Hayes: None. A.M. Chen: None. M.E. Daly: None.
Stroop interference with long preexposures of the word: Comparison of pure and mixed preexposure sequences

The delay of color naming when the patches are incongruent color names was studied as a function of the duration of a preexposure of the word in black prior to coloration. Individual word and control stimuli were presented in a tachistoscope, and naming latencies were recorded with a voice key. Interference decreased to very low levels at 2 sec of preexposure, then increased to intermediate levels for longer preexposures. Facilitation of color-naming by congruent color names generally paralleled interference effects. Sequences of stimuli in which the preexposure interval varied randomly from trial to trial showed longer color-naming times for short preexposures than did sequences where all stimuli in the sequence used the same preexposure. The utility of this and a related procedure for study of the central activity produced by viewing a written word was discussed.
Failure-rate studies on silicon rectifiers

The magic word semiconductor has been placed upon the lips of almost every electronically minded individual in the United States through untiring publicity efforts by manufacturers and their representatives. In accomplishing this purpose, the sales promoter often has impaired the future value of these new devices with predictions of unlimited life and hopeful claims for operating capabilities. These claims, although corroborated by theory, apparently have not yet been fulfilled in reasonable quantity with present production techniques for low-power silicon rectifiers. Until greater reproducibility can be attained, derating of both forward current and reverse voltage is necessary for a useful low failure rate.
Pharmacology of Agents that Affect Calcium: Agonists and Antagonists

Calcium utilization by smooth muscle is briefly reviewed. A variety of stimulant-evoked calcium mobilization processes exist including utilization of intracellular Ca2+ and translocation of Ca2+ through voltage-sensitive and insensitive channels. The extent of use of these several sources is both stimulant and tissue-dependent and it is probable that most smooth muscle excitation-contraction coupling processes employ more than a single Ca2+ source. A large number of agents have been described as "Ca2+-antagonists" and ideally there would exist antagonists specific for each mobilization process. This does not appear to be the case and the structural diversity of the many antagonists is consistent with multiple modes of action. Prominent among the Ca2+ antagonists are agents as verapamil, D600 and nifedipine which have as one component of their action inhibition of voltage sensitivie Ca2+ channels. However, the mechanisms by which these agents act are unknown and it is also clear that they have important effects at sites other than Ca2+ channels.
Louth crater: Evolution of a layered water ice mound

We report on observations made of the ∼36 km diameter crater, Louth, in the north polar region of Mars (at 70° N, 103.2° E). High-resolution imagery from the instruments on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft has been used to map a 15 km diameter water ice deposit in the center of the crater. The water ice mound has surface features that include roughened ice textures and layering similar to that found in the North Polar Layered Deposits. Features we interpret as sastrugi and sand dunes show consistent wind patterns within Louth over recent time. CRISM spectra of the ice mound were modeled to derive quantitative estimates of water ice and contaminant abundance, and associated ice grain size information. These morphologic and spectral results are used to propose a stratigraphy for this deposit and adjoining sand dunes. Our results suggest the edge of the water ice mound is currently in retreat.
INFLUENCE OF SOMATOTROPHIN AND CORTISONE ON THE INSULIN SENSITIVITY OF RATS12

INSULIN sensitivity, i.e., the magnitude of the hypoglycemic response to a test dose of insulin, is influenced by a multitude of factors, including other hormones. Since the discovery of Houssay and Magenta (1925) and Lewis (1923) that hypophysectomized or adrenalectomized animals are abnormally sensitive to insulin, much evidence has accumulated regarding the identity of the hormones which affect insulin sensitivity. According to currentviews, the most important of these are the adrenal glucocorticoids and somatotrophin (de Bodo and Sinkoff, 1953a), both of which have been repeatedly shown to possess anti-insulin activity. The most systematic studies of endocrine factors that affect insulin sensitivity (de Bodo and Sinkoff, 1953a and b, de Bodo and Altszuler, 1955) were performed on dogs and comparably exhaustive studies on rats have not been published. The present paper deals with the effects of STH and cortisone separately and in combination on the insulin sensitivityof intact, hypophysectomized, adren...
Neuroscientific challenges to free will and responsibility

Recent developments in neuroscience raise the worry that understanding how brains cause behavior will undermine our views about free will and, consequently, about moral responsibility. The potential ethical consequences of such a result are sweeping. I provide three reasons to think that these worries seemingly inspired by neuroscience are misplaced. First, problems for common-sense notions of freedom exist independently of neuroscientific advances. Second, neuroscience is not in a position to undermine our intuitive notions. Third, recent empirical studies suggest that even if people do misconstrue neuroscientific results as relevant to our notion of freedom, our judgments of moral responsibility will remain largely unaffected. These considerations suggest that neuroethical concerns about challenges to our conception of freedom are misguided.
On-Line Serials Control System in a Large Biomedical Library. Part II. Evaluation of Retrieval Features.

The on-line serials control system in use at UCLA Biomedical Library utilizes an inverted file for its primary retrieval technique. The correct title is reached with a single entry about 80% of the time by using an average of three title words. A detailed profile of title structure and search scheme is given. The major determinants of the scheme are evaluated on a performance and cost basis.
Affective Responses of Overseas Student Teachers

Universities offering teacher education degrees are finding the world to be significantly smaller than did previous generations. Increasingly, American students are completing their required student teaching in foreign contexts. The present research study used rigorous qualitative methods in order to appraise the affective experiences from a sample of 13 students who completed their student teaching overseas. Results showed, affectively, students experienced a bell-shaped curve phenomenon. Particularly, they underwent stages of excitement when entering the teaching experience, followed by significant dysphoria, and then completed their student teaching with a positive emotional set.
Functional evidence for the presence of nitric oxide synthase in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

Abstract Background & Aims Histochemical studies indicate that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase, the nitric oxide synthase-related enzyme, is present in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus of the cat. We have previously shown in vitro that NO synthase is present in this nucleus in the rat and that the excitatory effect of N -methyl-d-aspartate on these neurons is in part caused by NO formation. The aim of this study was to obtain functional evidence for the presence of NO synthase in the cat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Methods l-Glutamate, l-arginine, d-arginine, the NO donor S -nitroso- N -acetyl-penicillamine, and the NO synthase inhibitor N G -nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester were unilaterally microinjected into the rostral dorsal motor nucleus of anesthetized cats, and antral and pyloric motility were monitored using extraluminal force transducers. Results Microinjection of l-arginine increased gastric motility, whereas d-arginine had no effect. Vagotomy eliminated the l-arginine-induced increases. Microinjection of S -nitroso- N -acetylpenicillamine increased antral motility. N G -Nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester prevented l-arginine from exerting an effect on gastric motility. Conclusions Motility increases obtained after microinjection of l-arginine into the dorsal motor nucleus and prevention of these motility increases with microinjection of a NO synthase inhibitor provide functional evidence for the presence of NO synthase in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in the cat.
Correlation of Human Metal Model and Transmission Line Pulsing Testing

Passing voltage levels measured from the human metal model tester are correlated with the failure current levels obtained from the transmission line pulsing (TLP) tester for electrostatic discharge protection devices fabricated in 0.18- and 0.35-μm MOS technologies. Various relevant TLP parameters, including the holding voltage and on -state resistance, are accounted for in the improved correlation formula developed in this study.
PtidyOS: A Lightweight Microkernel for Ptides Real-Time Systems

Ptides, a programming model for distributed real-time embedded systems, was proposed previously. In this work, we focus on a work flow that applies Ptides in a single-CPU environment using model-based design techniques. Our work flow starts with a programming environment where a real-time application is expressed as a Ptides model. The model captures both the functionality of the system and the desired timing of interactions with the environment. The Ptides simulator supports simulation of both of these aspects. Once the designer is satisfied with the design, a code generator can be used to glue together the application code with a real-time operating system called PtidyOS. To ensure the responsiveness of the real-time program, PtidyOS's scheduler combines Ptides semantics with the earliest-deadline-first policy. To minimize scheduling overhead associated with context switching, PtidyOS uses a single stack for event scheduling and execution, while still enabling event preemptions. We demonstrate the Ptides work flow through a motion control application. The automatically generated code running on PtidyOS is compared with a manual C implementation running on bare silicon. We discuss the trade offs in functionality and performance between these two implementations.
Excretion of urinary steroids in pre- and postpartum female baboons

Steroid hormones are important regulators of a wide variety of reproductive and behavioral functions. We investigated the ability to track sex steroids and glucocorticoids in urine samples collected noninvasively from pre- and postpartum female baboons. Paired plasma and urine samples were collected every 2 weeks prior to and following birth in 10 females. Changes in concentrations of plasma steroids (estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol) were reflected in changes in urinary metabolite excretion (estrone conjugates, pregnanediol conjugates, and cortisol; r’s > 0.36, p’s < 0.001). A low correlation between prepartum plasma and urinary cortisol may reflect late-gestational changes in the production and/or metabolism of glucocorticoids. Steroid excretion profiles in a large sample of females giving birth and caring for healthy infants (n ¼ 108) were compared with profiles obtained from females with poor maternal–fetal outcomes (late-term stillbirth, n ¼ 14) and from females with significant postpartum problems with maternal care (n ¼ 20). Mothers giving birth to stillborn infants had lower prepartum levels of urinary estrone conjugates and cortisol, suggesting reduced placental steroidogenesis. Mothers with postpartum behavioral difficulties had higher concentrations of prepartum estrone excretion, lower cortisol excretion, and elevated E/P ratios throughout the peripartum period. Noninvasive sample collection and enzyme immunoassay, therefore, have predictive utility regarding circulating steroid concentrations and can identify important endocrine correlates of physiological and behavioral abnormalities in baboons.
Conformal P-N junctions for low energy electro-optic switching

We show that a conformal pn junction can reduce the switching energy of resonant devices to below 100 aJ.
Inter-Relationships Between Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation

It has been appreciated for a long time that atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation have a clinical relationship. Now, with the technological advances that permit more sophisticated electrophysiological studies, especially mapping studies, we have significantly advanced our understanding of this interrelationship. Regarding the relationship at atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter: Atrial fibrillation of variable duration (very brief to prolonged episodes) precedes the onset of atrial flutter in most instances. It seems that during the period of atrial fibrillation, the functional components of the atrial flutter reentrant circuit are formed. This is principally a line of block between the venae cavae. If this line of block does not form, classical atrial flutter does not form. And if this line of block shortens or disappears, classical atrial flutter disappear as well. In fact, it might be said that the major difference in whether classical atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation develops is whether a line of block forms between the venae cavae. Regarding the relationship of atrial flutter to atrial fibrillation: Studies have demonstrated that a driver (a single focus or reentrant circuit of very short cycle length) can be responsible for causing atrial fibrillation by producing fibrillatory conduction to the rest of the atria. In experimental models and now beginning to be demonstrated in patients, this driver may be a stable reentrant circuit of very short cycle length, i.e., a fast form of atrial flutter, if you will. In fact, there is probably a spectrum of these short cycle lengths that depend, in part, on where the reentrant circuit (i.e., "atrial flutter") exists. When the stable reentrant circuit is of sufficiently short cycle length, it will only activate small portions of the atria in a 1 : 1 manner. The rest of the atria will be activated irregularly, resulting in atrial fibrillation. Unstable reentrant circuits can also do the same thing. In short, it appears that there are several mechanisms of atrial fibrillation, one of which is due to a form of very rapid atrial flutter.
Crofelemer, a novel agent for treatment of non-infectious diarrhea in HIV-infected persons

Crofelemer is the first US FDA-approved drug for symptomatic relief in HIV-infected persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) who have non-infectious diarrhea. With the availability of ART, there is increased survival and decrease in gastrointestinal opportunistic infections. However, diarrhea secondary to ART and HIV enteropathy is common in HIV-infected persons. Crofelemer is manufactured from the red latex sap of the Croton lechleri tree in South America. It has a unique mechanism leading to inhibition of chloride ion secretion by blocking chloride channels in the gastrointestinal lumen. This reduces efflux of sodium and water, which in turn reduces the frequency and consistency of diarrhea. Crofelemer is well tolerated due to minimal systemic absorption and has a good safety profile. The availability of crofelemer will likely have a positive impact on the quality of life in HIV-infected persons and also increase compliance to ART.
Accounting for cellular heterogeneity is critical in epigenome-wide association studies

Epigenome-wide association studies of human disease and other quantitative traits are becoming increasingly common. A series of papers reporting age-related changes in DNA methylation profiles in peripheral blood have already been published. However, blood is a heterogeneous collection of different cell types, each with a very different DNA methylation profile. Using a statistical method that permits estimating the relative proportion of cell types from DNA methylation profiles, we examine data from five previously published studies, and find strong evidence of cell composition change across age in blood. We also demonstrate that, in these studies, cellular composition explains much of the observed variability in DNA methylation. Furthermore, we find high levels of confounding between age-related variability and cellular composition at the CpG level. Our findings underscore the importance of considering cell composition variability in epigenetic studies based on whole blood and other heterogeneous tissue sources. We also provide software for estimating and exploring this composition confounding for the Illumina 450k microarray.
Nasal Administration of Recombinant Osteopontin Attenuates Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background and Purpose—Neuronal apoptosis is a key pathological process in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)–induced early brain injury. Given that recombinant osteopontin (rOPN), a promising neuroprotectant, cannot pass through the blood–brain barrier, we aimed to examine whether nasal administration of rOPN prevents neuronal apoptosis after experimental SAH. Methods—Male Sprague–Dawley rats (n=144) were subjected to the endovascular perforation SAH model. rOPN was administered via the nasal route and neurological scores as well as brain water content were evaluated at 24 and 72 hours after SAH induction. The expressions of cleaved caspase-3, phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and phosphorylated Akt were examined using Western blot analysis. Neuronal cell death was demonstrated with terminal deoxynucleotid transferase-deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling. We also administered FAK inhibitor 14 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, Wortmannin, prior to rOPN to establish its neurop...
SARCOMAS UTERINOS: MANEJO ACTUAL

RESUMENSarcomas uterinos son un grupo raro, heterogeneo y agresivo de neoplasias que conduce frecuente-mente a una diseminacion y muerte temprana. En ausencia de trabajos prospectivos randomizados faseIII las recomendaciones de tratamiento para pacientes con sarcoma uterino son basadas en resultados deestudios retrospectivos lo que dificulta su manejo clinico. El tratamiento principal es la cirugia, teniendo lostratamientos adyuvantes un rol controversial. La presente revision analiza estudios clinico-patologicos,factores pronosticos y el manejo actual de sarcomas uterinos.PALABRAS CLAVES: Sarcoma uterino, tumores mesodermicos mixtos, leiomiosarcoma,sarcoma estroma endometrial, manejoSUMMARYUterine sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of neoplasm, with an aggressive behavior leadingto an early dissemination and death. In the absence of phase III, prospective randomized studies, treatmentrecommendations for patients with uterine sarcoma must be based on the results of retrospective studiesmaking their management difficult. The principal treatment is surgery with a controversial role of the adjuvanttherapy. The present review analyzes clinic-pathologic studies, prognostic factors and current managementof uterine sarcomas.KEY WORDS: Uterine sarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, endometrial stromal sarcomas,mixed mesodermal tumors, management
Adhesion and friction between individual carbon nanotubes measured using force-versus-distance curves in atomic force microscopy

The adhesion and friction between individual nanotubes was investigated in ambient using a dynamic atomic force microscope AFM operating in force-calibration mode to capture force-versus-distance curves. A multiwalled carbon nanotube MWNT tip attached to a conventional AFM probe was brought into contact with and then ramped in vertical direction against a single-walled carbon nanotube SWNT bridge suspended over a2 -m-wide trench. The interaction between nanotubes altered the oscillation amplitude, phase lag, and average deflection of AFM cantilever, from which the interacting forces between nanotubes are quantitatively derived. During ramping, a stick-slip motion was found to dominate the sliding between the nanotubes. The stick was attributed to the presence of high-energy points, such as structural defects or coating of amorphous carbon, on the surface of the MWNT tip. The coefficients of static friction and shear strength between nanotubes were evaluated to be about 0.2 and 1.4 GPa, respectively. They are about 2 orders of magnitude larger than the kinetic counterparts. The kinetic values are on the same order as that measured previously by sliding a MWNT tip across a SWNT bridge in lateral direction.
Long-term effects of single prescribed fires on hardwood regeneration in oak shelterwood stands

One of the arguments against using prescribed fire to regenerate oak (Quercus spp.) forests is that the improvement in species composition of the hardwood regeneration pool is temporary and multiple burns are necessary to achieve and maintain oak dominance. To explore this concern, I re-inventoried a prescribed fire study conducted in the mid-1990s to determine the longevity of the effects of a single prescribed fire on hardwood regeneration. The initial study was conducted in three oak shelterwood stands in central Virginia, USA. In 1994, each stand was divided into four treatments (spring, summer, and winter burns and a control) and the hardwood regeneration was inventoried before the fires. During the burns, fire intensity was measured and categorized in each regeneration sampling plot. Second-year postfire data showed marked differences in species mortality rates, depending on season-of-burn and fire intensity: oak and hickory (Carya spp.) regeneration dominated areas burned by medium- to high-intensity fire during the spring and summer while yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and red maple (Acer rubrum) seedlings dominated unburned areas and all areas treated with low-intensity fire regardless of season-of-burn. The treatments were re-inventoried in 2006 and 2007 to determine whether these fire effects were still present. The new data show that the species distributions by season-of-burn and fire intensity found in 1996 still existed 11 years after the treatments. The fact that fire effects in oak shelterwood stands can last at least a decade has important management implications for resource professionals interested in sustaining oak forests in the eastern United States.
Epitopes of adhesion-perturbing monoclonal antibodies map within a predicted alpha-helical domain of the integrin beta 1 subunit

Several recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of various domains of the beta 1 integrin subunit in ligand binding. Thus, specific amino acids have been shown to be important in divalent cation binding, and others have been implicated by peptide crosslinking to play an intimate role in integrin-ligand interactions. Added to these data are previous observations that a group of adhesion-blocking anti-chicken beta 1 antibodies mapped within the first 160 amino acid residues of the subunit. These observations suggested that this region plays a critical role in integrin ligand recognition. In order to further define the domain in which the epitopes for these antibodies are clustered, a series of mouse/chicken chimeric beta 1 constructs were examined for their reactivity with each of these antibodies. Most of the antibodies recognize a region between residues 124 to 160 of the chicken beta 1 subunit. Computer modeling predicted a possible amphipathic alpha-helical configuration for the region between residues 141 to 160. Consistent with this prediction, circular dichroism and NMR analysis revealed a tendency for a synthetic peptide containing these residues to form an alpha-helix. The significance of this structural characteristic was demonstrated by a mutation at residue 149 that disrupted the alpha-helix formation and resulted in a loss of the ability to form heterodimers with alpha subunits, localize to focal contacts, or be transported to the cell surface. The direct involvement of residues 141 to 160 in ligand binding was supported by the ability of a peptide with this sequence to elute integrins from a fibronectin affinity column. Thus, our data suggest that residues 141 to 160 of the integrin beta 1 subunit, when arranged in an alpha-helix configuration, participate in ligand binding.
Calculation of strong ground motion due to an extended earthquake source in a laterally varying structure

Abstract Lateral heterogeneity of the crust combined with the complexity of an extended earthquake source may account for observations of strong ground motion not easily explained by simplified source models in a laterally homogeneous medium. Both the effects of an extended source and lateral heterogeneity can be examined using a forward modeling technique that combines distributed, nonuniform slip on a fault plane with dynamic ray tracing in a three-dimensional medium. Using this technique, velocity seismograms are calculated at ranges less than 10 km for a finite source, which occurs in a wedge-shaped zone of low velocity. This structure is chosen to approximate the structure of fault zones found in reflection and refraction surveys across active faults in California. Iterative paraxial ray tracing is used to solve the two-point ray tracing problem. The low velocity zone surrounding the fault causes arrivals in the laterally varying structure to be delayed and rays to leave the fault more closely to the fault normal. At most locations examined, the effect of the three-dimensional structure on isochrone velocity is small compared to the effects on geometric spreading and radiation pattern. Because rays are bent substantially in the near-source region, the seismograms calculated for the laterally varying structure vary substantially in amplitude and polarity from seismograms calculated for the laterally homogeneous structure.
Cosine lobe based relighting from gradient illumination photographs

Image-based relighting is a powerful technique for synthesizing images of a scene under novel illumination conditions, based on a set of input photographs. While successful relighting methods exist, they either require many photographs [Debevec et al. 2000], or operate on a limited class of materials or illumination conditions [Ma et al. 2007][Ramamoorthi 2006].
Fewer Ups and Downs: Daily Stressors Mediate Age Differences in Negative Affect

The current study examined age differences in daily stressors, positive events (uplifts), and their associations with emotional experience among healthy older women. Women (N = 101, 63-93 years old) reported their daily experiences across 1 week. Older age was related to fewer stressors and less frequent negative affect. However, the association between negative affect and age was no longer significant after accounting for the occurrence of daily stressors. Older age was not significantly related to positive affect, although positive uplifts were reported less frequently with age. Findings provide a contextual explanation for emotional experience in very late life, where reduced exposure to stressors partially explains age-related reductions in negative affect.
On dual topological theorems of linear active networks

Based on the work of Chen (1984, 1991), it is shown that in a network with current-controlled voltage sources (CCVS) the sum of the products of the impedances of the tree branches and their driving-point admittances plus the sum of the products of the controlling parameters of the current-controlled voltage source (CCVS) and their associated transfer admittances equals the sum of the products of the admittances of the co-tree links and their driving-point impedances. In a network with voltage-controlled current source (VCCS), the sum of the products of the admittances of co-tree links and their driving-point impedances plus the sum of the products of the controlling parameters of the VCCS and their associated transfer impedances equals the sum of the products of the impedances of tree branches and their driving-point admittances.
Azimuthal Single-Spin Asymmetries of Charged Pions in Jets in s = 200 GeV p↑p Collisions at STAR

Single spin asymmetry measurements (AUT) of the azimuthal distribution of charged pions inside jets produced in transversely polarized proton collisions are sensitive to the transversity distribution and the Collins fragmentation function. The STAR Detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is well suited for these types of measurements as it is capable of full jet reconstruction and charged pion identification in the mid-rapidity region ( |η | < 1). We report here the first observation of Collins AUT asymmetries in s = 200 GeV p↑p collisions.
Exposure to Justice Alters Moral Word Detection

Prominent models of moral psychology have largely ignored the relationship between morality and perception. Yet, moral judgment and decision-making often requires that people detect the presence of morally relevant information. The current research examines whether the detection of moral words can be shaped by top-down motives. In two experiments, we examined whether satiating (vs. activating) justice needs diminishes detection of moral words. People who saw a CrimeStoppers advertisement in which a majority (vs. minority) of wanted murderers had been brought to justice exhibited reduced detection of moral words (Experiment 1). Similarly, people who read that an assailant was arrested (vs. escaped punishment) exhibited reduced detection of moral words (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that satiating (vs. activating) justice motives can reduce the frequency with which moral (vs. non-moral) words reach the threshold for per-ceptual awareness. Implications for models of moral psychology, particularly the role of percep-tion in morality, are discussed.
Low-pressure crystallization of a volatile-rich lunar basalt: A means for producing local anorthosites?

The presence of anorthosite in the lunar highlands containing plagioclase that is compositionally less calcic than plagioclase in the ferroan anorthosites cannot be readily explained by the current lunar paradigm in which lunar anorthosite was produced as a floatation cumulate in the lunar magma ocean. Phase-equilibrium experiments were conducted to investigate whether such anorthosite could arise locally from crystallization of aluminous magma at shallow levels within the lunar crust. The experiments were conducted on a synthetic analog of Cl-, F-, and S-bearing aluminous highland basalt 14053 at pressures of approximately 1 bar and f O 2 at ~QIF. Pyroxene and plagioclase (An 93–89 ) saturation occurs early, and with continued crystallization, the residual liquid evolves to a silica-poor, halogen-, Fe-, and Ti-rich melt with a computed density of >3.1 g/mL. This liquid remains higher in density than the plagioclase over the crystallization interval, providing the possibility of plagioclase/melt separation by liquid draining. A model is proposed in which “alkali” anorthosite, consisting of sodic anorthite or bytownite, coupled with underlying pyroxenite (or harzburgite) is produced locally during crystallization of plagioclase from “Al-rich” magmas at or within roughly a kilometer of the lunar surface. In this model, segregation of plagioclase would be attained by settling of ferromagnesian minerals to the bottom of a shallow magma chamber, and draining of low-viscosity, low-silica, Fe-Ti-K-REE-P-enriched residual basaltic melt to deeper regions of the crust, or into topographic lows. Such residual melt may be represented by magma compositions similar to some of the intermediate- to high-Ti mare basalts. This model would provide a mechanism that can account for the more “alkali” anorthosite identified in widespread isolated locales on the Moon and allow for variable ages for such anorthosite that may extend to ages of the mare basalts.
The Hidden Dimension of the National Energy Plan: Executive Policy Direction in Nuclear Waste Management

On October 15, 1978, Congress finally passed a National Energy Act, ending a long and tortuous struggle that began with President Carter's April 1977 declaration of a "moral equivalent of war." Frustration led Secretary of Energy James Schlesinger to remark in late 1978 that he now knew what hell was: endless sessions with the Natural Gas Conference. The importance of intergovernmental lobbying in shaping, directing, and supporting various aspects of the National Energy Act is a major federalism story in itself, and the substantial energy policy roles which state governments and their representatives won for themselves will become more apparent as the nation moves to implement the National Energy Act this year.' Policy makers of the fifties would have been shocked to find that the nation's "comprehensive" energy act contained not a word about nuclear energy. Postwar euphoria about the use of atoms for peace has yielded to today's view that "the nuclear option is barely alive."2 Although President Carter sought to tie his energy proposals together in one legislative package, he decided in 1977 not to include nuclear power reforms in an already controversial National Energy Act. His nuclear reforms were
Preparation and Application of Monoclonal Antibodies of Infections Bovine Rhinofracheitis Virus(BHV-l)

318 hybridoma cell lines have been obtained by using improved fusion method. These cell lines screened by ELISA are the secreted specific antibodies reacting to BHV-1 virus antigen. 26 hybridoma cell lines were cloned to produce specific monoclonal antibodies to the virus antigen. The characteristics of monoclonal antibodies were identified with ELISA, RlPA. SDS-PAGE, Immunoblot and Virus Neutralization test. The major BHV-1 structural peptides were analysed by monoclonal antibodies.
Clinical Reasoning in the Assessment and Intervention Planning for a Reading Disability.

The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with insight into the clinical reasoning process involved in the assessment and intervention planning for a child with a reading disability. A Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theoretical/neuropsychological approach shall serve as the foundational theoretical framework for this case study, and Flanagan, Ortiz, and Alfonso’s Dual Discrepancy/Consistency Operational Definition of Specific Learning Disabilities will serve as the decision-making model for diagnosis. The reader will be guided through the author’s conceptualization of this case and suggestions for intervention will be discussed.
How Can Visual Psychophysics Help Us

There is perhaps no field in the human biosciences that approaches as closely the physical sciences, in terms of rigor of hypothesis testing and exactitude of measurement, as does visual psychophysics. This has been its tradition since its birth in the last century with Purkinje, Weber, Helmholtz, Hering, and Sherrington. If for no other reason than their rigor and discipline, it is essential that visual psychophysicists become deeply involved in the noninvasive study of the clinical phenomenology of strabismus. Thus far, the number of psychophysicists involved has been small but their contributions have been of major importance. It is not my purpose to review these here in detail. Suffice it to say that reading their work has convinced me of the need to engage them more fully in our clinical problem, strabismus.
Large-Vessel Vasculopathy in Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Infarct Topography and Focal Atrophy.

Abstract Background Large-vessel vasculopathy (LVV) increases stroke risk in pediatric sickle cell disease beyond the baseline elevated stroke risk in this vulnerable population. The mechanisms underlying this added risk and its unique impact on the developing brain are not established. Methods We analyzed magnetic resonance imaging and angiography scans of 66 children with sickle cell disease and infarcts by infarct density heatmaps and Jacobian determinants, a metric utilized to delineate focal volume change, to investigate if infarct location, volume, frequency, and cerebral atrophy differed among hemispheres with and without LVV. Results Infarct density heatmaps demonstrated infarct "hot spots" within the deep white matter internal border zone region in both LVV and non–LVV hemispheres, but with greater infarct density and larger infarct volumes in LVV hemispheres (2.2 mL versus 0.25 mL, P Conclusion Large-vessel vasculopathy in sickle cell disease appears to increase ischemic vulnerability in the borderzone region, as demonstrated by the increased frequency and extent of infarction within deep white matter, and increased risk of focal atrophy. Scattered infarctions across the LVV–affected hemispheres suggest additional stroke etiologies of vasculopathy (i.e., thromboembolism) in addition to chronic hypoxia-ischemia.
Geriatric education utilizing a palliative care framework

The dramatic growth of persons older than age 65 and the increased incidence of multiple, chronic illness has resulted in the need for more comprehensive health care. Geriatrics and palliative care are medical specialties pertinent to individuals who are elderly, yet neither completely addresses the needs of older adults with chronic illness. Interprofessional faculty developed Geriatric Education Utilizing a Palliative Care Framework (GEPaC) to teach an integrated approach to care. Interactive online modules use a variety of instructional methods, including case-based interactive questions, audio-visual presentations, reflective questions, and scenario-based tests. Modules are designed for online education and/or traditional classroom and have been approved for Continuing Medical Education. Pre- and posttest scores showed significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Participants were highly satisfied with the coursework's relevance and usefulness for their practice and believed that GEPaC prepared them to address the needs of older adults for disease and symptom management, communicating goals of care, and supportive/compassionate care.
Managing Multiple Incompatible Uses: Why the Forest Service’s Livestock Grazing Policy Fails to Protect Native American Archeological Sites

The United States Forest Service’s current approach to natural and cultural resource protection allows livestock grazing on and around Native American archaeological sites throughout the American southwest. The damage caused by thousands of cattle moving through these sites each year is irreparable and will continue unless the Forest Service changes its approach to resource management or Congress amends the statutes that have allowed these incompatible dual uses to occur coextensively. This Paper will explain the historical evolution of the Forest Service’s approach to natural and cultural resource management, the statutory bases guiding its current planning practices, and ultimately, it will explain how the Forest Service’s current land management planning practices erroneously assume that livestock grazing, per se, does not adversely impact native archaeological sites. Finally, this Paper will offer suggestions by which Congress or the Forest Service could amend the current livestock grazing program on national forest lands to better protect archaeological sites.
Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease: Is the Glass Now Half-Full?

Congenital heart defects are present in 1% of all live births and are a significant burden on the parents and family, healthcare system, and overall community. Congenital heart defects (CHD) are also identified in 10% of still births and are presumed to be a substantial cause of early fetal demise. With advances in prenatal diagnosis, corrective strategies, and longitudinal care, infant mortality has substantially declined. Today >75% of CHD children who survive the first year of live will enter into adulthood. Elucidating the cause of an offspring’s CHD is greatly valued by parents, providing comfort that the defect was because of genetic randomness beyond their control and that certain problems arise from the same underlying genetic issue and not from preventable errors.1 As Helen Taussig stated 50 years ago “Our next great step forward will come in the field of cause and prevention of malformations.”2 Causes of CHD are often divided into genetic and nongenetic influences. The advantage of contemporary genomic technologies including single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays, next-generation sequencing, and copy-number variant platforms are accelerating the discovery of genetic causes of CHD. Importantly, these tools enable the study of sporadic cases, the most common presentation of CHD. A review article summarizing this field entitled the “Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease: The Glass Half-Empty” previously highlighted the limitations of genetic technologies for assigning causality.3 Articles such as the present one in this journal entitled “Genome-Wide Association Studies and Meta-analysis for Congenital Heart Defects”4 are important studies performed using distinct patient cohorts from multiple sites. We are now looking for the complex multigenetic explanations for CHD in a multifactorial scheme, including epigenetic and environmental factors. There is renewed optimism in the field such that today we would see the genetics of CHD but hopefully now with the …
News media, movies, and anti-Muslim prejudice: investigating the role of social contact

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between Indian non-Muslim adolescents’ Western and Indian news media use, exposure to Hollywood and Bollywood movies, and their prejudice against Muslim minorities. Based on contact hypothesis, the moderating roles of out-group contact were tested within this framework. Multivariate analyses revealed that Western news media use and exposure to Hollywood movies were significant predictors of anti-Muslim prejudice, while frequent, enriched contact with Muslims reduced out-group prejudice. The relationship between Indian news media use and prejudice was statistically insignificant. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
The impact of the affordable care act's Medicaid expansion on dental care use through 2016

Objective To examine the impact of the Affordable Care Act on dental care use among low-income adults ages 21-64. Methods Our analysis uses national survey data from the 2010-2016 Gallup Wellbeing-Index. We use a differences-in-differences analysis to assess changes since the end of 2013 in dental care use among low-income adults. We compare changes in states that expanded Medicaid and offer adult Medicaid dental benefits versus changes in other states. Results Relative to the pre-reform period and other states, in Medicaid expansion states with adult dental benefits, dental care use increased 3-6 percentage points in 2016. Conclusions In Medicaid expansion states with adult dental benefits, evidence suggests that low-income adults have greater access to dental care.
Molecular diagnosis of CYP21 mutations in congenital adrenal hyperplasia: implications for genetic counseling.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited disorder of steroid biosynthesis most often attributable to mutations in CYP21 (also termed CYP21A2) encoding the active steroid 21-hydroxylase enzyme. This review focuses on clinical and genetic aspects of CAH, and updates the reader on current methodology and applications for molecular genetic diagnosis.
HEMORRHAGIC OCCLUSIVE RETINAL VASCULITIS AFTER INTRACAMERAL VANCOMYCIN USE IN CATARACT SURGERY AFTER INTRAVENOUS EXPOSURE.

Purpose:To report a case of hemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis after cataract surgery.Methods:A 74-year-old woman presented with blurry vision and distorted vision, which started 2 days after an uncomplicated cataract surgery in the left eye. Intracameral vancomycin was injected during the cas
Assessment of hepatic insulin extraction from in vivo surrogate methods of insulin clearance measurement

Hyperinsulinemia, accompanied by reduced first-pass hepatic insulin extraction (FPE) and increased secretion, is a primary response to insulin resistance. Different in vivo methods are used to esti...
Mental Health Among Incarcerated Women: An Examination of Factors Impacting Depression and PTSD Symptomology

Female offenders experience mental health symptoms at a higher rate than male offenders and females in the community. The current study investigated individual characteristics and experiences that ...