cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
COMPREHENSIVE RELATIONS FOR HADRON NUCLEUS INELASTIC EXCITATIONS IN TERMS OF ELASTIC SCATTERING

We obtain closed form asymptotic approximations to the eikonal form for inelastic hadron-nucleus scattering to strongly excited nuclear states. These forms exploit the dominance of the nuclear geometry recently used by us to obtain the elastic scattering amplitudes. Our forms agree well with the data. We find that the inelastic scattering can be written in terms of the elastic scattering cross section. These data-to-data forms agree remarkably well with experiment and serve to emphasize the geometric unity of the reactions. The simplicity of these expressions and relations should make them useful in medium energy phenomenology.
County committee to county record office? The National Register of Archives and the growth of the county archive network

This article explores the parallel relationship between the newborn National Register of Archives and the growing network of local record offices in England between 1945 and 1959. It examines the potential for conflict, collaboration, and co-operation between the central Register staff operating a county-based structure and the variety of arrangements providing for the preservation and access of collections at local level. In discovering the potential of the county committee files (HMC8), the article exposes a rich source for the early history of the record office network.
Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2010

AbstractThe 2010 Atlantic hurricane season was marked by above-average tropical cyclone activity with the formation of 19 tropical storms. A total of 12 of the storms became hurricanes and 5 became major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale). In addition, there were two tropical depressions that did not reach storm strength. These totals were well above the long-term averages of 11 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 2 major hurricanes. The areas most affected by the 2010 storms were eastern Mexico, Central America, and the island nations of the western Caribbean Sea, where multiple strikes occurred. In addition, two hurricanes struck eastern Canada. Despite the high level of activity, no hurricanes made landfall in the United States in 2010. The death toll from the 2010 Atlantic tropical cyclones was 189.A verification of National Hurricane Center official forecasts during 2010 is also presented. The 2010 mean track errors were slightly larger than the previous 5-yr ave...
Some Observations on the Consistency of Cream and Ice Cream Mixtures

Summary 1. The yield value and consistency of cream increased with fat content, aging, and homogenization and decreased by heating. 2. Ice cream mixtures of average composition were shown to vary considerably in yield value and consistency. 3. Some of the difficulties which may arise if plastic substances are treated as viscous were shown. 4. Attention is called to some of the difficulties in relating the “viscosity” of ice cream mixtures to their freezing properties.
Signaling complexes of the FERM domain-containing protein GRSP1 bound to ARF exchange factor GRP1

GRP1 is a member of a family of proteins that contain a coiled-coil region, a Sec7 homology domain with guanosine nucleotide exchange activity for the ARF GTP-binding proteins, and a pleckstrin homology domain at the C terminus. The pleckstrin homology domain of GRP1 binds phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5) trisphosphate and mediates the translocation of GRP1 to the plasma membrane upon agonist stimulation of PI 3-kinase activity. Using a 32P-labeled GRP1 probe to screen a mouse brain cDNA expression library, we isolated a cDNA clone encoding a GRP1-binding partner (GRSP1) that exists as two different splice variants in brain and lung. The GRSP1 protein contains a FERM protein interaction domain as well as two coiled coil domains and may therefore function as a scaffolding protein. Mapping experiments revealed that the interaction of GRP1 and GRSP1 occurs through the coiled coil domains in the two proteins. Immunodepletion experiments indicate that virtually all of the endogenous GRSP1 protein exists as a complex with GRP1 in lung. When co-expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the human insulin receptor, both proteins display a diffuse, cytoplasmic localization. Acute translocation and co-localization of GRSP1 and GRP1 to ruffles in the plasma membrane was evident after insulin stimulation. These results identify GRSP1 as a novel member of GRP1 signaling complexes that are acutely recruited to plasma membrane ruffles in response to insulin receptor signaling.
Comparative effects of disulfiram and N-methyltetrazolethiol on spermatogenic development in young CD rats

N-Methyltetrazolethiol (NMTT) and NMTT-containing cephalosporin antibiotics cause characteristic testicular lesions in young but not adult rats. In addition, NMTT-containing cephalosporins inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase and have been associated with a disulfiram-like reaction in humans and animals. Therefore, the potential testicular toxicity of disulfiram (10, 30, or 100 mg/kg) was evaluated in 37-day-old rats given oral doses on Postpartum Days 6 through 36, and was compared to the toxicity induced by NMTT (100 mg/kg). NMTT and each dose of disulfiram caused a decrease in testes weight. By DNA flow cytometry, testicular cell suspensions from rats given 100 mg/kg of NMTT had a 40% reduction in spermatids while those from rats given 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg of disulfiram had reductions of 52, 61, or 89%, respectively. Microscopically, the testes of rats given either NMTT or disulfiram had qualitatively similar changes, characterized by delayed maturity of the leading waves of germinal cells which had reached early maturation phase in control animals. Moderate to severe reduction occurred in the total number of spermatids with complete absence of acrosome phase and maturation phase spermatids. There was also a prominent reduction in the number of spermatocytes. Reduction in number of spermatogonia was minimal. While the mechanism of toxicity is not known for either compound, it is possible that the toxicity was related to the enzyme-inhibitory effects which both compounds possess. By defining the mechanism of testicular toxicity for compounds which cause a NMTT-like testicular toxicity in rats, biological differences in the spermatogenic process between the young and adult rat may be further understood. Direct extrapolation of the testicular effects in neonatal rats to man is not possible because of the substantial differences in initiation of spermatogenesis between rodents and humans.
Structural parameters, vibrational spectra and centrifugal distortion constants of F(CN)CNX (X = H, F, Cl, Br) and CH3(Y)CNH (Y = H, CN)

Abstract Ab initio calculations with full electron correlation by the perturbation method to second order and hybrid density functional theory calculations by the B3LYP method utilizing a variety of basis sets have been carried out for the F(CN)C NX (X = H, F, Cl, Br) and CH 3 (Y)C NH (Y = H, CN) molecules. From these calculations, force constants, vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, Raman activities, depolarization ratios, and structural parameters have been determined and compared to the experimental quantities when available. By combining previously reported rotational constants for F(CN)C NBr with the ab initio MP2/6-311+G(d) predicted parameters, adjusted r 0 parameters have been obtained. The structural parameters are: distances (A) (N−Br) = 1.865(3); (C N) = 1.270(3); (C−F) = 1.327(3); (C−C) = 1.437(3); (C N) = 1.160(3); and angles (°) ∠ BrNC = 114.4(5); ∠ NCF = 127.4(5); ∠ NCC = 119.7(5). These reported parameters have much lower uncertainties than those previously reported from the microwave data. Similar theoretical calculations have been carried out for CH 3 (Y)C NH (Y = H, CN) and r 0 structural parameters have been obtained for both the cis and trans conformers of ethylidenimine, CH 3 (H)C NH, and for cis iminopyruvonitrile, CH 3 (CN)C NH utilizing previously reported microwave rotational constants. For CH 3 (H)C NH the determined r 0 heavy atom parameters for the cis [trans] form are: distances (A) (C N) = 1.276(3) [1.275(3)]; (C−C) = 1.500(3) [1.508(3)]; angles (°) ∠ (HN C) = 109.4(5) [108.8(5)]; ∠ (N CC) = 121.2(5) [127.2(5)]; ∠ (HCC) = 116.2(5) [116.4(5)]. Centrifugal distortion constants have been obtained for all of the molecules from the ab initio predicted force constants and the values are compared to the experimentally determined values when available. The results of these studies are compared to the corresponding quantities of some other similar molecules.
Cytology of fine-needle aspiration of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) is a rare spindle cell neoplasm with a relatively indolent course. Its morphology may be confused with both reactive processes and/or malignant neoplasms on FNA specimens. Herein we discuss the cytologic features and IHC studies of IMT. The archives of the Department of Pathology at the Johns Hopkins Hospital were searched for IMT. A total of 257 cases were identified over a period of 11 years. Among them, 20 cases had cytology material. The patients' ages ranged from 7 to 81 years old with a median age of 54 years. The locations of the tumor in descending order were: liver (9/20, 45%), lung (8/20, 40%), abdomen (1/20, 5%), pelvis (1/20, 5%), and kidney (1/20, 5%). On FNA, the majority of tumors consisted of bland spindle cells with oval nuclei and small prominent nucleoli in a background of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Focal cytological atypia and "ganglion-like" cells were identified in 7 cases, likely related to the risk of metastases and malignant transformation. The lesional cells expressed ALK (8/17, 47.1%) and actin (10/10, 100%), but with variable expression of cytokeratin. Ki-67 showed low proliferative indices. ALK gene rearrangement was detected by FISH in three out of three cases and correlated with ALK protein expression by IHC. The cytologic diagnosis of IMT is challenging. When encountering a spindle cell lesion with prominent inflammatory component, a high index of suspicion in combination with the use of ancillary studies increases the diagnostic yield of IMT.
Commissioned Paper: On the Interface Between Operations and Human Resources Management

Operations management (OM) and human resources management (HRM) historically have been very separate fields. In practice, operations managers and human resource managers interact primarily on administrative issues regarding payroll and other matters. In academia, the two subjects are studied by separate communities of scholars publishing in disjoint sets of journals, drawing on mostly separate disciplinary foundations. Yet, operations and human resources are intimately related at a fundamental level. Operations are the context that often explains or moderates the effects of human resource activities such as pay, training, communications, and staffing. Human responses to OM systems often explain variations or anomalies that would otherwise be treated as randomness or error variance in traditional operations research models. In this paper, we probe the interface between operations and human resources by examining how human considerations affect classical OM results and how operational considerations affect classical HRM results. We then propose a unifying framework for identifying new research opportunities at the intersection of the two fields.
Respiratory failure with cervicomedullary infarctions

Respiratory failure from brainstem and spinal cord infarction has been described without attention to ventilatory characteristics and prognosis. We describe two patients who suffered from complete aventilation with cervicomedullary infarctions. One achieved full recovery of spontaneous breathing, and the other had persistent aventilation until her death 4 months after her stroke from sepsis. The anatomical extent of the infarction as identified by magnetic resonance imaging was predictive of the recoverability of spontaneous breathing, and important clinical considerations are emphasized when considering weaning a patient from mechanical ventilation after respiratory failure from cervicomedullary infarction.
Gravitoinertial Force Versus the Direction of Balance in the Perception and Control of Orientation

Curthoys and Wade (1990) appeal to land-based data in defending the traditional view that stimulation of the otolith organs leads to perception of the direction of gravitoinertial force. However, such data do not permit rejection of the hypothesis that the perception of orientation is based on the dynamically defined direction of balance, which is qualitatively different from the kinetically defined direction of gravitoinertial force. Furthermore, the approach of Curthoys and Wade is compromised by their failure to consider relations between the perception and control of orientation. Such relations must be considered in developing a general theory of orientation.
MAGNESIUM(II) IODIDE 6- AND 2-AMMONIATES

The reactions between Mg and liquid ammonia solutions of rodine were examined in an effort to produce anhydrous MgI/sub 2/. Thermal deammoniation of the reaction products failed fo yield the pure iodide; however, the 6- and 2ammoniates were isolated and characterized. X-raydiffraction data are tabulated. (D.E.B.)
Caffeinol at the Receptor Level Anti-Ischemic Effect of N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Blockade Is Potentiated by Caffeine

Background and Purpose—Although caffeinol (a combination of a low dose of caffeine and ethanol) was shown to robustly reduce stroke damage in experimental models and is now in clinical evaluation for treatment of ischemic stroke, little is known about the potential mechanism of its action. Methods—We used an in vivo excitotoxicity model based on intracortical infusion of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and a model of reversible focal ischemia to demonstrate NMDA receptor inhibition as a potential mechanism of caffeinol anti-ischemic activity. Results—Caffeinol reduced the size of excitotoxic lesion, and substitution of ethanol in caffeinol with the NMDA antagonists CNS-1102 and MK-801 but not with MgSO4 produced treatment with strong synergistic effect that was at least as robust in reducing ischemic damage as caffeinol. This NMDA receptor antagonist and caffeine combination demonstrated a long window of opportunity, activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and, unlike caffeinol, was fully effective in an...
Toxicity of the insecticide methoxychlor to the Dungeness crab Cancer magister

The toxicity of methoxychlor, determined in acute and chronic studies using larval, juvenile, and adult stages of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister Dana, was inversely related to the age of the crabs after hatching and increased with the length of exposure. The 96-h LC50's for zoeae, juveniles, and adults were 0.42, 5.10, and 130 μg/l, respectively. Levels causing decreased survival of these same stages during exposures of more than 60 days were 0.05, 0.40, and 4.0 μg/l, respectively. Hatching of eggs was not adversely affected by methoxychlor concentrations up to 10 μg/l, and molting from prezoeae to zoeae was reduced only 30% from controls at the latter exposure concentration. Methoxychlor concentrations of 0.05 and 4.0 μg/l delayed motting of larval and juvenile crabs, respectively, and this delay was as much as 10 days for the juveniles. Sensitivity of adult and juvenile crabs to methoxychlor increased during ecdysis. In uptake experiments, juvenile crabs concentrated methoxychlor more rapidly than did adults. Juveniles exposed to 2.0 μg/l of methoxychlor and adults exposed to 1.8 and 7.5 μg/l had whole body methoxychlor concentrations after 12 days of 0.88, 0.10, and 0.51 mg/kg, respectively. Loss of the pesticide from adult crabs was rapid, and was 95% complete after 15 days of depuration. Concentrations of methoxychlor in individual tissues were found to be highest in the exoskeleton, gill, and hepatopancreas, in declining order, with less than a two-fold difference among these tissues. About 81% of the methoxychlor measured in whole body samples was associated with the exoskeleton, but it is not known whether or not the pesticide was transported through the culticle to internal tissues.
Wind speed interpolation in the vicinity of the Panama Canal

A simplified boundary layer (SBL) model formulation is tested against the mesoscale meteorological model MM5 with respect to the 2 km interpolation of hourly surface wind station data for stations in the close vicinity of the Panama Canal. The required short computation time for the real time interpolation of the wind during air pollution incidents involving crossing cargo ships makes the use of simplified wind models an alternative to the full implementation of mesoscale models. The SBL model does take into consideration the land cover of the ground surface, which exhibits substantial variability in the study region. The SBL model produces features of wind speed that are similar to those of the MM5 simulation along the better-observed Canal centreline. The presence of orographic features makes the applicability of the simplified formulation reasonable only near the Canal where the terrain has small undulations. The simulated wind fields show that the dry season (January to April) is more spatially and temporally coherent than the wet season and that it also has higher wind speeds than the wet season. The evening hours have higher wind speeds than the morning hours in both seasons. The simulated wind exhibits higher average wind speeds and higher frequencies of exceeding 5 m s−1 within the Gatun Lake on the Caribbean side of the Isthmus and the entrance/exit of the Canal on the Caribbean and Pacific coasts. These results are useful for the development of effective disaster mitigation strategies for air pollution events in the region. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Multiple-scale turbulence model in confined swirling jet predictions

A recently developed multiple-scale turbulence model which attempts to circumvent the deficiencies of earlier models by taking nonequilibrium spectral energy transfer into account is presented. The model's validity is tested by predicting the confined swirling coaxial jet flow in a sudden expansion. It is noted that, in order to account for anisotropic turbulence, a full Reynolds stress model is required.
Imaging of molecules in the gas phase with ultrafast electron diffraction

A two-step algorithm is developed that can reconstruct the full 3-D molecular structure from diffraction patterns of partially aligned molecules in gas phase. This method is applicable to asymmetric-top molecules that do not need to have any specific symmetry. This method will be important for studying dynamical processes that involve transient structures where symmetries, if any, can possibly be broken. A new setup for the diffraction experiments that can provide enough time resolution as well as high currents suitable for gas phase experiments is reported. Time resolution is obtained by longitudinal compression of electron pulses by time-varying electric fields synchronized to the motion of electron pulses.
WAIS-R pattern clusters after blunt-head injury

Abstract Few data have existed regarding common patterns of performance on the WAIS-R after head injury. A cluster analysis was used to divide 93 WAIS-R profiles from patients with blunt-head injury on the basis of pattern of performance on the WAIS-R subtests. Six clusters of 10 or more members emerged. The Digit Span, Arithmetic, and Picture Completion subtests contributed most to the clustering process, while Verbal-Performance discrepancies played a part in the formation of five of the six clusters. Clusters from analysis of the head-injury data set were substantially more differentiated than those derived from random data. Further research is needed to cross-validate these findings. If they can be cross-validated, these common patterns of performance could prove useful in diagnosis, development of prognosis, and rehabilitative treatment, as well as in understanding brain function after blunt-head injury.
Nanotechology and the Attribution of Responsibility

To attribute responsibility, including criminal responsibility, one must use commonsense psychology. Commonsense psychology allows us to understand and predict behavior via attribution of mental states, and thus to asses the relationship between a person’s desires and any harm they have caused. This article by Dr. Katrina L. Sifferd discusses how nanotechnological advances—particularly in neuroscience—may affect our commonsense attribution of mental states, and thus affect assessments of responsibility. Neuroscientific nanotechnology may have this effect by providing new information about the mental states relevant to responsibility, or by allowing us to alter, inhibit, or “implant” the mental states relevant to responsibility. Dr. Sifferd concludes that these possibilities of neuroscientific nanotechnology pose no unique threat to criminal responsibility except with regard to implantation of desires (the least likely possibility resulting from neuro-nanotechnology).
Troponin T is capable of binding dystrophin via a leucine zipper

Using genetic and physical assays for protein—protein interactions, we identified a fast isoform of troponin T that binds to dystrophin. Troponin T specifically bound to the first of two highly conserved leucine zipper motifs in the carboxy terminus of dystrophin [1,2]. Single amino acid changes in the zipper predicted to disrupt α-helix formation or cause steric hindrance abolished this binding. These data support the hypothesis that dystrophin couples the contractile apparatus to the sarcolemma and indicate that leucine zipper mediated protein—protein interactions are functionally important in the cytoskeleton as well as the nucleus.
Defect inspection of Zero E-field border on i-line 9% PSM

In the photomask process, Zero E-field borders have been used on attenuated/embedded phase shift masks to provide an opaque area around the die area in the mask industry, but this border has never been able to be inspected on a laser scan inspection tool. This paper reports the first time that the Zero E-field has been inspected at DuPont Photomasks, Reticle Technology Center.
Capacity-enhancing synaptic learning rules in a medial temporal lobe online learning model.

Summary Medial temporal lobe structures are responsible for recording the continuous stream of autobiographical memories that define our unique personal history. Remarkably, these areas can construct durable memories from brief exposures to the constantly changing activity patterns arriving from antecedent cortical areas. Using a computer model of the hippocampal Schaffer collateral pathway that incorporates evidence for dendritic spikes in CA1 pyramidal neurons, we searched for biologically-plausible long-term potentiation (LTP) and homeostatic depression (HD) rules that maximize "online" learning capacity. We found memory utilization is most efficient when (1) very few synapses are modified to store each pattern, (2) LTP, the learning operation, is dendrite-specific and gated by distinct pre- and postsynaptic thresholds, (3) HD, the forgetting operation, co-occurs with LTP and targets least-recently potentiated synapses, and (4) both LTP and HD are all-or-none, leading de facto to binary-valued synaptic weights. In networks containing up to 40 million synapses, the learning scheme led to order-of-magnitude capacity increases compared to conventional plasticity rules.
Medicare and the U.S. Unfunded Liability

Corresponding author: Gilbert Berdine MD Contact Information: Gilbert.Berdine@ttuhsc.edu DOI: 10.12746/swrccc 2014.0205.055 The recent U.S. government shutdown has brought disagreements over U.S. government fiscal policy to public attention. These discussions focus most often on the short term imbalances between government revenues and expenditures known as the budget deficit. As the deficit has increased both in nominal terms and as a fraction of GDP, more people are looking at the sustainability of the situation or the longer term picture. Given that retirement programs, such as Social Security and Medicare, are becoming larger determinants of both the short term and long term imbalances, increasing attention is being drawn to the actuarial concepts of unfunded liabilities. The long term imbalances are derived from projections of the short term imbalances over time using actuarial methods. This article will explain the concept of unfunded liability and analyze the contribution of Medicare to this long term problem.
An ab initio study of formamide

Calculated energy and molecular properties of the ground and low-energy excited states of formamide are presented at the ground state geometry. Satisfactory results are obtained except for the 1ππ* energy which remains too high by 1 eV (which is nevertheless a large improvement over previous calculations). The predicted triplet energies lie at 5.4 eV (3nπ*) and 5.8 eV (3ππ*).
Real-time electrical impedance-based measurement to distinguish oral cancer cells and non-cancer oral epithelial cells.

In this study, electrical impedance-based measurements were used to distinguish oral cancer cells and non-cancer oral epithelial cells based on their cellular activities on the microelectrodes in a real-time and label-free manner. CAL 27 and Het-1A cell lines were used as the models of oral cancer cells and non-cancer oral epithelial cells, respectively. Various cellular activities, including cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation were monitored. We found that both the kinetics of cell spreading and the static impedance-based cell index were feasible to distinguish the two cell types. At each given cell number, CAL 27 cell spreading produced a smaller cell index change rate that was 60–70% of those of Het-1A cells. When cells were fully spread, CAL 27 cells generated a cell index more than four times greater than that of Het-1A cells. Since cell spreading and attachment occurs in the first few hours when they were cultured on the microelectrodes, this impedance-based method could be a rapid label-free and non-invasive approach to distinguish oral cancer cells from non-cancer oral epithelial cells. Cell viability analysis was performed along with the impedance-based analysis. Confocal microscopic imaging analysis showed the difference in cell morphology and the thickness of cell monolayers between the two cell types.
Influence of 2,3,7,8-TCDD on the protein composition of the plasma membrane of hepatic cells from the rat☆

Abstract To understand the mechanism of toxic action of TCDD, a serious environmental pollutant, rats were injected with 25 μg/kg and their livers removed 10 days post-treatment. A canaliculi-rich, plasma membrane fraction was prepared and its protein composition was examined using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. As a result of close comparison between untreated and treated preparations it was concluded that many protein levels were reduced in the membrane from the TCDD treated rats. This phenomenon was confirmed by the finding that there is an overall reduction in binding of 3 H-concanavalin A to the TCDD-treated plasma membrane.
Factors characterizing marital conflict states and traits: physiological, affective, behavioral and neurotic variable contributions to marital conflict and satisfaction

Abstract Thirty-two married couples participated in conjoint-conflict-solving interactions while being videotaped and physiologically monitored. Intercorrelations between 13 variables (3 self-report, 6 observational and 4 physiological) produced six factors: Dominance, Neuroticism\Negative Affect, Affiliation\Positive Affect, Attentiveness, Physiological Arousal and Physiological Influence. Neuroticism\Negative Affect was inversely related to marital satisfaction. The Physiological Arousal factor was ‘U’-shaped in its association with marital satisfaction (i.e. subjects with higher marital satisfaction exhibited synchrony in the activation of electrodermal and heart rate systems, whereas asynchrony [high activation in one system and low activation in the other] was more common in dissatisfied couples). These findings demonstrate the utility of combining personality, behavioral and physiological measures in characterizing and predicting marital satisfaction and conflict-related communication patterns.
Waste not, want not: the use of AlloDerm in secondary rhinoplasty.

Background: This article describes the author's successful experience with AlloDerm onlay grafts for the correction of nasal contour deformities in secondary rhinoplasty. AlloDerm is a cadaver dermal filler graft, an off-the-shelf product that is readily available, pliable, and affordable. It is particularly suited for secondary rhinoplasty patients who are graft-depleted. The maximum dorsal augmentation is less than or equal to 3 mm; it is not a support graft. The major indication in this study was dorsal augmentation in the overresected secondary rhinoplasty patient to create a soft, smooth bridge and pleasing dorsal aesthetic lines. Methods: Twenty-five secondary rhinoplasty patients underwent multiple nasal corrections and were followed for 2 to 8 years. Results: Analysis demonstrated no contour changes between year 1 and year 2, showing the dermal grafts to be stable after 1 year. Long-term follow-up for 2 years or longer showed good results, although partial graft resorption (defined to be ≤ 50 percent) occurred in 45 percent of patients. Resorption was most common over the bony dorsum, with approximately 20 to 30 percent of the graft absorbing; over the tip, approximately 10 to 15 percent of the graft absorbed. Conclusion: Absorption did not seem to relate to the number of layers used. AlloDerm does not shift. Overall, the experience for nasal augmentation in secondary rhinoplasty was en-couraging. Partial absorption, especially over the bony dorsum in a thin-skinned patient, is a definite disadvantage. Complete absorption was not seen in this study. The author has discovered that it is imperative to overcorrect the defect intraoperatively. Regrafting is possible and sometimes necessary.
DomesticatedChenopodium of the Ozark Bluff Dwellers

Previous suggestions that prehistoric agriculturalists of the Ozark Bluff Dweller culture utilized a fully domesticated form ofChenopodium have been confirmed. Comparative examination of infructescence and fruit structure indicates that archaeological material is assignable toC. berlandieri ssp.nuttalliae, a product of Mexican agriculture. Large-fruited chenopod remains from other sites in eastern North America, often identified as those of wild species, may also belong to the Mexican domesticated form. A related, wild species of northeastern North America,C. bushianum, shows similarities to the Mexican weed-crop complex that may reflect prehistoric genetic interaction. This is the first documented report of domesticatedChenopodium from prehistoric North America.
A cooperative high-accuracy localization algorithm for improved road workers' safety

This paper describes a high-accuracy localization algorithm that improves the safety of roadway workers. The proposed system consists of a wireless sensor network (WSN) of smart cones that includes a centralized master node and several sensor nodes. The master cone maps the topology of all sensor cones placed along the periphery of a work zone, with the goal of providing decimeter location accuracy. The low-mobility smart cone network can detect vehicles that intrude on a work zone, alert construction workers of impending danger, and notify high-mobility vehicles approaching the work zone. The master cone creates a work zone topology by estimating angles and distances relative to the sensor cones using radio interferometric measurements (RIM) and received signal strength indication (RSSI) measurements. Computer simulations characterize the performance that can be achieved for realistic environment conditions.
Selective Resistance to Central Neural Administration of Leptin in Agouti Obese Mice

Abstract— We recently demonstrated that in a rodent model of obesity (agouti yellow mice), there is a selective leptin resistance with preservation of the sympathetic actions despite loss of appetite and weight-reducing actions of systemic leptin. Here, we examined whether selective leptin resistance exists in agouti mice during central neural administration of leptin. In agouti obese mice and lean controls, we tested the effects of single intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of leptin or vehicle on food intake and body weight in the conscious state and on renal sympathetic nerve activity during anesthesia. Agouti obese mice had higher ( P P P P P P P
Aperture coding for three dimensional beamforming

The problem of maximizing the weighted-integrated-intensity of a beam over a three-dimensional volume is considered for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous media.
No more free drug samples

Susan Chimonas and Jerome Kassirer argue that giving out "free" drug samples is not effective in improving drug access for the indigent, does not promote rational drug use, and raises the cost of care.
Components of self-reported oral health and general health in racial and ethnic groups.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the validity of the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), a self-reported oral health measure, when used in an all-age adult sample of Hispanics and African-Americans. Methods: The study groups were 506 disadvantaged Hispanic and African-American adults who were recruited at low-cost medical and dental clinics. To explore the validity of the GOHAI in an all-age, ethnically diverse sample, principal component and principal factor analyses were conducted on the 12 items of the GOHAI and the 14 items constituting the MOS physical/social and mental health components. Results: Four factors accounted for 40 percent of the total variance of health as measured by the MOS and GOHAI items: general health, physical/worry oral health, mental health, and social oral health. An association between socioeconomic variables and each subscale was found to be significant except for the physical/worry oral health subscale. Conclusion: This study confirms that the GOHAI is valid when used in younger and ethnically diverse samples. The findings also emphasize that oral health is distinct from general health and that the use of generic self-reported measures of health may miss important aspects of oral health that are valuable for dental health professionals.
HIV traffics through a specialized, surface-accessible intracellular compartment during trans-infection of T cells by mature dendritic cells.

In vitro, dendritic cells (DCs) bind and transfer intact, infectious HIV to CD4 T cells without first becoming infected, a process known as trans-infection. trans-infection is accomplished by recruitment of HIV and its receptors to the site of DC–T cell contact and transfer of virions at a structure known as the infectious synapse. In this study, we used fluorescent microscopy to track individual HIV particles trafficking in DCs during virus uptake and trans-infection. Mature DCs rapidly concentrated HIV into an apparently intracellular compartment that lacked markers characteristic of early endosomes, lysosomes, or antigen-processing vesicles. Live cell microscopy demonstrated that the HIV-containing compartment was rapidly polarized toward the infectious synapse after contact with a T cell; however, the bulk of the concentrated virus remained in the DCs after T cell engagement. Individual virions were observed emerging from the compartment and fusing with the T cell membrane at the infectious synapse. The compartmentalized HIV, although engulfed by the cytoplasm, was fully accessible to HIV envelope-specific inhibitors and other membrane-impermeable probes that were delivered to the cell surface. These results demonstrate that HIV resides in an invaginated domain within DCs that is both contiguous with the plasma membrane and distinct from endocytic vesicles. We conclude that HIV virions are routed through this specialized compartment, which allows individual particles to be delivered to T cells during trans-infection.
Risk Assessment Through The Lens of Bioterrorism-Lessons From The Public Health Frontline

(2002). Risk Assessment Through The Lens of Bioterrorism-Lessons From The Public Health Frontline. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal: Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 917-920.
Rattlesnake Neurotoxins: Biochemical and Biological Aspects

AbstractA number of rattlesnake venoms contain potent neurotoxic protein complexes that have phospholipase A2 activity. Data derived from studies of some of these neurotoxins indicate that neuromuscular transmission is blocked. The primary action appears to be at presynaptic sites, but at high doses interactions with cholinergic receptors reduce postsynaptic responses. The toxin complexes are mixtures of closely related isoforms, each composed of two distinct and separable subunits. The basic protein subunit is a phospholipase which is somewhat toxic whereas the acidic constituent is devoid of toxicity and lacks enzymatic activity. Even though the two subunits have quite different structures, they have considerable sequence similarity, suggesting a common ancestral origin. The acidic subunit enhances the lethal potency of the basic phospholipase component when the two are combined to generate a reconstituted toxin. Evidence suggests the acidic subunit reduces nonspecific binding of the basic phospholipase...
Data Visualization, Data Reduction and Classifier Fusion for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis in Gas Turbine Engines

In this paper, we investigate four key issues associated with data-driven approaches for fault classification using the Pratt and Whitney commercial dual-spool turbofan engine data as a test case. The four issues considered here include the following. (1) Can we characterize, a priori, the difficulty of fault classification via self-organizing maps? (2) Do data reduction techniques improve fault classification performance and enable the implementation of data-driven classification techniques in memory-constrained digital electronic control units (DECUs)? (3) When does adaptive boosting, an incremental fusion method that successively combines moderately inaccurate classifiers into accurate ones, help improve classification performance? (4) How to synthesize classifier fusion architectures to improve the overall diagnostic accuracy? The classifiers studied in this paper are the support vector machine, probabilistic neural network, k-nearest neighbor, principal component analysis, Gaussian mixture models, and a physics-based single fault isolator. As these algorithms operate on large volumes of data and are generally computationally expensive, we reduce the data set using the multiway partial least squares method. This has the added benefits of improved diagnostic accuracy and smaller memory requirements. The performance of the moderately inaccurate classifiers is improved using adaptive boosting. These results are compared to the results of the classifiers alone, as well as different fusion architectures. We show that fusion reduces the variability in diagnostic accuracy, and is most useful when combining moderately inaccurate classifiers.
Functionalization of furans via phenacyl sulfides

Abstract A mild, efficient, photochemical method for the functionalization of furans via phenacyl sulfides is described.
The Hunt for 8-Oxoguanine Deaminase

An enzyme from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pa0142 (gi|9945972), that is able to catalyze the deamination of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) to uric acid has been identified for the first time. 8-Oxoguanine is formed by the oxidation of guanine residues within DNA by reactive oxygen species, and this lesion results in G:C to T:A transversions. The value of kcat/Km for the deamination of 8-oxoG by Pa0142 at pH 8.0 and 30 °C is 2.0 × 104 M−1 s−1. This enzyme can also catalyze the deamination of isocystosine and guanine at rates that are approximately an order of magnitude lower. The three-dimensional structure of a homologous enzyme (gi|44264246) from the Sargasso Sea has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods to a resolution of 2.2 A (PDB entry ). The enzyme folds as a (β/α)8 barrel and is a member of the amidohydrolase superfamily with a single zinc in the active site. This enzyme catalyzes the deamination of 8-oxoG with a kcat/Km value of 2.7 × 105 M−1 s−1. Computational docking of potential high-energy intermedi...
The Contributions of James Franck to Photosynthesis Research: A Tribute

The scientific career of James Franck (26 August 1882–21 May 1964) spanned seven decades in which he was preoccupied with understanding the interaction of light with matter, starting with atoms and moving to the photosynthetic apparatus in green plants.
Decompressive laparotomy for abdominal compartment syndrome in children: before it is too late.

Abstract Purpose Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in children is an infrequently reported, rapidly progressive, and often lethal condition underappreciated in the pediatric population. This underrecognition can result in a critical delay in diagnosis causing increased morbidity and mortality. This study examines the clinical course of patients treated for ACS at our institution. Methods A review of children requiring an emergency laparotomy (n = 264) identified 26 patients with a diagnosis of ACS. ACS was defined as sustained intraabdominal hypertension (bladder pressure >12 mm Hg) that was associated with new onset organ dysfunction or failure. Results Patients ranged in age from 3 months to 17 years old and were cared for in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Twenty-seven percent (n = 7) were transferred from referring hospitals, 50% (n = 13) were admitted directly from the emergency department, and 23% (n = 6) were inpatients before being transferred to PICU. Admission diagnoses included infectious enterocolitis (n = 12), postsurgical procedure (n = 10), and others (n = 4). Patients progressed to ACS rapidly, with most requiring decompressive laparotomy within 8 hours of PICU admission (range, P = .046; odds ratio, 1.258). Cardiac arrest before decompressive laparotomy, need for hemodialysis, and transfer from referring hospital also trended toward increased mortality but did not reach significance. Conclusion Abdominal compartment syndrome in children carries a high mortality and may be a consequence of common childhood diseases such as enterocolitis. The diagnosis of ACS and the potential need for emergent decompressive laparotomy may be infrequently discussed in the pediatric literature. Increased awareness of ACS may promote earlier diagnosis, treatment, and possibly improve outcomes.
Quantitative determination of 13 organophosphorous flame retardants and plasticizers in a wastewater treatment system by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract A method for quantitative determination of 13 organophosphorous compounds (OPs) was developed and applied to influent, primary sludge, activated sludge, biosolids, primary effluent and final effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The method involved solvent extraction followed by solid phase clean-up and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography positive electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC(+ESI)MS/MS). Replicate spike/recovery experiments revealed the method to have good accuracy (70–132%) and precision (
Reflections: Change Agents As Change Poets – On Reconnecting Flux and Hunches

Crucial to the performance of change management is the conversion of the experience of perceptual flux into evocative conceptual hunches as well as activities that reverse this conversion. Change agents encounter problems when they work with images that incorporate too little flux and images that misplace concreteness. Reconstruing change management as a poetics of change practised by change poets is proposed as a means to emphasize the concreteness of flux, the abstractness of hunches and the reciprocal movement among them that is necessary for effective change.
Finite solid-angle corrections for Ge(Li) detectors

Abstract Finite solid-angle corrections have been calculated for Ge(Li) detectors. Planar detectors considered vary from 4 to 20 cm 2 and from 6 to 16 mm in depletion depth. True circular coaxial detectors vary from 26 to 50 mm in diameter with depletion depths from 7 to 20 mm and lengths from 22 to 57 mm. Five-sided detectors of both trapezoidal and circular cross sections are included, and these range from 20 to 70 mm in length and from 8 to 20 mm in depletion depths. The corrections are calculated for source distances of 3.0, 5.0, 7.0 and 10.0 cm. Results are presented in tables rather than as graphs for greater accuracy. Interpolation is easy and accurate for configurations and distances other than those given. Finite size sources cause small reductions in the point source corrections. Graphs and formulas are presented which allow the reductions to be calculated for spherical or cylindrical sources.
Dual group screening

We propose a screening procedure that allows for the possibility of catching units that might be missed by current methods, and enables us to estimate the sensitivity of the screening test used and the prevalence in the initially screened population by using only information that is collected during the course of the procedure. This potential does not exist with current methods. The proposed protocol involves pooling units at two stages in order to both screen and to provide quality control. We propose estimators for all parameters of interest and develop appropriate asymptotic inferences. Simple easy-to-implement formulas are obtained. Since units from first stage negative groups are dependent, the mathematics necessary to keep track of statistical information obtained at the second-stage is quite delicate. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that our asymptotic variance formulas are highly accurate while large sample normality depends on how large the sample size is relative to the concentration of the parameters near the boundary of the parameter space.