cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Impact of a Soiled Airway on Intubation Success in the Emergency Department When Using the GlideScope or the Direct Laryngoscope

Background The objective was to determine the impact of a soiled airway on firstpass success when using the GlideScope video laryngoscope or the direct laryngoscope for intubation in the emergency department (ED). Methods Data were prospectively collected on all patients intubated in an academic ED from July 1, 2007, to June 30, 2016. Patients ≥ 18 years of age, who underwent rapid sequence intubation by an emergency medicine resident with the GlideScope or the direct laryngoscope, were included in the analysis. Data were stratified by device used (GlideScope or direct laryngoscope). The primary outcome was firstpass success. Patients were categorized as those without blood or vomitus (CLEAN) and those with blood or vomitus (SOILED) in their airway. Multivariate regression models were developed to control for confounders. Results When using the GlideScope, the firstpass success was lower in the SOILED group (249/306; 81.4%) than the in CLEAN group (586/644, 91.0%; difference = 9.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.7%–14.5%). Similarly, when using the direct laryngoscope, the firstpass success was lower in the SOILED group (186/284, 65.5%) than in the CLEAN group (569/751, 75.8%; difference = 10.3%; 95% CI = 4.0%–16.6%). The SOILED airway was associated with a decreased firstpass success in both the GlideScope cohort (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.3–0.7) and the direct laryngoscope cohort (aOR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.5–0.8). Conclusion Soiling of the airway was associated with a reduced firstpass success during emergency intubation, and this reduction occurred to a similar degree whether using either the GlideScope or the direct laryngoscope.
Gravitation and radiation

Gravitation is one of the most intriguing forces in space that govern all the interstellar spectacles motion in this universe. In this article we have shown there is a profound relationship between gravitational fields with respect to its converted energy. Since time is an inevitable element in every aspect of science; we have developed a partial differential equation from Einstein’s energy equation in which we show that gravitational field can be coupling with its diverging energy radiation. We have also shown that energy to mass conversion in principle is conceivable by means of energy convergent operation (i.e., in-flow) into a unit space. In fact this could have been happen by the eventuality of a black hole explosion, as remains to be observed.
Abstract P135: An Independent Initiative to Improve Door-to-Balloon Times: Results From the Aurora 24x7 STEMI Program

BACKGROUND: To improve hospital performance in door-to-balloon (D2B) times, an independent initiative - the Aurora St. Luke9s 24x7 STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) program - was launched on April 1, 2004, as part of a system-wide quality improvement effort. We evaluated recent changes in D2B times within the program. METHODS: The program involves 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in-hospital call for the interventional cardiologist and the cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) staff and includes the following strategies: 1) rapid electrocardiogram acquisition and emergency department (ED) physician interpretation in ≤10 min of hospital arrival; 2) ED physician activation of the 24x7 team with a single call; 3) calibration of the clocks in the ED and the CCL checked monthly; and 4) feedback provided to staff within 24-72 hours. We studied D2B times in non-transferred patients with STEMI treated with primary PCI (PPCI) from July 2007 to June 2009. RESULTS: A total of 251 consecutive non-transfer patients (median age 60, women 30.7% [77 of 251]) underwent PPCI for acute STEMI. Median D2B was 52 min (interquartile range 41-64) with a 93.6% (n=235 of 251) rate of D2B CONCLUSION: An innovative in-hospital 24x7 interventional STEMI program has dramatically increased the percentage of patients reperfused within 90 min and consistently exceeds the American College of Cardiology Door-to-Balloon (D2B) Alliance benchmark (93.6% vs. 75% rate of D2B
Integrated model development for safeguarding pyroprocessing facility: Part II – Case studies and model integration

Abstract In the part I, The developed model by the present study was validated by available experimental data. In the second part of the study, the major electrochemical processes of pyroprocessing, including electrorefining, electrolysis of actinide and rare earth were investigated by the model to study their separation performance under different operating conditions. This study provides insightful information about how one can alter the deposition by changing the operating conditions and also benefits the optimization of pyroprocessing design. An integrated safeguard model for the whole pyroprocessing was presented based on the electrochemical model. The integrated model shows how the material can be separated and tracked in the whole process of electrochemical separation.
Hardening the Client-Side: A Guide to Enterprise-Level Hardening of Web Browsers

Today, web browsers are a major avenue for cyber-compromise and data breaches. Web browser hardening, through high-granularity and least privilege tailored configurations, can help prevent or mitigate many of these attack avenues. For example, on a classic client desktop infrastructure, an enforced configuration that enables users to use one browser to connect to critical and trusted websites and a different browser for un-trusted sites, with the former restricted to trusted sites and the latter with JavaScript and Plugins disabled by default, may help prevent most JavaScript and Plugin-based attacks to critical enterprise sites. However, most organizations, today, still allow web browsers to run with their default configurations and allow users to use the same browser to connect to trusted and un-trusted sites alike. In this article, we present detailed steps for remotely hardening multiple web browsers in a Windows-based enterprise, for Internet Explorer and Google Chrome. We hope that system administrators use this guide to jump-start an enterprise-wide strategy for implementing high-granularity and least privilege browser hardening. This will help secure enterprise systems at the front-end in addition to the network perimeter.
Treatment of infection following intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures-results of the ORS/ISFR expert group survey.

The lack of universally accepted treatment principles and protocols to manage infected intramedullary (IM) nails following tibial fractures continues to challenge us, eliciting a demand for clear guidelines. Our response to this problem was to create an ORS/ISFR taskforce to identify potential solutions and trends based on published evidence and practices globally. A questionnaire of reported treatment methods was created based on a published meta-analysis on the topic. Treatment methods were divided in two groups: A (retained nail) and B (nail removed). Experts scored the questionnaire items on a scale of 1–4 twice, before and after revealing the success rates for each stage of infection. Inter- and intra-observer variability analysis among experts’ personal scores and between experts’ scores was performed. An agreement mean and correlation degree between experts’ scores was calculated. Finally, a success rate report between groups was performed. Experts underestimated success rate of an individual treatment method compared to published data. The mean difference between experts’ scores and published results was + 26.3 ± 46 percentage points. Inter-observer agreement mean was poor (< 0.2) for both rounds. Intra-observer agreement mean across different treatment methods showed a wide variability (18.3 to 64.8%). Experts agree more with published results for nail removal on stage 2 and 3 infections. Experts’ and published data strongly agree to retain the implant for stage 1 infections. A more aggressive approach (nail removal) favoured for infection stages 2 and 3. However, literature supports both treatment strategies. Clinical Question
Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease and Refractory Angina

Against the background of increasing health care expenditures, coronary heart disease has a significant impact on global economics as a leading cause of disability and loss of productivity. Over 70 million Americans suffer from cardiovascular disease, contributing to approximately 900,000 deaths annually. Coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease account for more than six million hospitalizations every year in the USA alone [1]. As treatment outcomes of acute coronary syndromes continue to improve, more patients survive the acute event and thus their disease state changes into a chronic phase. The increasing incidence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and obesity combined with the increasing number of revascularization procedures and decreased cardiac mortality rate have transformed the demographic of patients with ischemic heart disease into a steadily increasing population of patients with chronic, and occasionally refractory, angina pectoris.
Moisture-Induced Environmental Embrittlement of Ordered Intermetallic Alloys at Ambient Temperatures

Recent studies have demonstrated that moisture-induced environmental embrittlement is a major cause of low ductility and brittle fracture in ordered intermetallics with high crystal symmetries (e.g., L12 and B2). The embrittlement involves the reaction of reactive elements in intermetallics with moisture in air and the generation of atomic hydrogen at crack tips. The loss in ductility at ambient temperatures is generally accompanied by a change in fracture mode from ductile appearance to brittle grain-boundary fracture in many L12 intermetallics, and to brittle cleavage in body-centered cubic (bcc)-ordered intermetallics. In a number of cases, the embrittlement was alleviated by alloy design through control of microstructure and alloy composition.
The Theory of Organizations

This chapter gives the major elements of the current theory and indicates where readers can find more extended discussions. The theory can be described as pragmatic social constructionism. It does not purport to say how “culture,” “society,” or organizations control behavior. It explains how people create organizations in order to control each other. The theory describes the key elements in the process. They are groups of individuals, social idea systems describing reciprocal relations, technical idea systems describing technologies, social charters, symbolic instantiation, and rational thought. For institutions of higher education, the most distinctive and critical social idea system is the definition of a university as a community of scholars and students, but it is not the only one.
Chromatin-mediated regulators of meiotic recombination revealed by proteomics of a recombination hotspot.

Meiotic recombination hotspots control the frequency and distribution of Spo11 (Rec12)-initiated recombination in the genome. Recombination occurs within and is regulated in part by chromatin structure, but relatively few of the many chromatin remodeling factors and histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been interrogated for a role in the process. We developed a chromatin affinity purification and mass spectrometry-based approach to identify proteins and histone PTMs that regulate recombination hotspots. Small (4.2 kbp) minichromosomes (MiniCs) bearing the fission yeast ade6-M26 hotspot or a basal recombination control were purified approximately 100,000-fold under native conditions from meiosis; then, associated proteins and histone PTMs were identified by mass spectrometry. Proteins and PTMs enriched at the hotspot included known regulators (Atf1, Pcr1, Mst2, Snf22, H3K14ac), validating the approach. The abundance of individual histones varied dynamically during meiotic progression in hotspot versus basal control MiniCs, as did a subset of 34 different histone PTMs, implicating these as potential regulators. Measurements of basal and hotspot recombination in null mutants confirmed that additional, hotspot-enriched proteins are bona fide regulators of hotspot activation within the genome. These chromatin-mediated regulators include histone H2A-H2B and H3-H4 chaperones (Nap1, Hip1/Hir1), subunits of the Ino80 complex (Arp5, Arp8), a DNA helicase/E3 ubiquitin ligase (Rrp2), components of a Swi2/Snf2 family remodeling complex (Swr1, Swc2), and a nucleosome evictor (Fft3/Fun30). Overall, our findings indicate that a remarkably diverse collection of chromatin remodeling factors and histone PTMs participate in designating where meiotic recombination occurs in the genome, and they provide new insight into molecular mechanisms of the process.
La lectura popular: entre la biblioteca y la hoja suelta

Author(s): Poblete, Juan | Abstract: I study the public library and the penny leaflet as two poles in the continuum between control and freedom of the reading practices of working class Chileans in the second half of the nineteenth century.
The Leader-Follower Duality as “Upward (Downward) Spirals”

This article presents a model of the Upward (Downward) Spiral emphasizing the development and expansion of followers’ contributions to organizational dynamics and how such contributions intermingle...
Monitoring the Movies: The Fight Over Film Censorship in Early Twentieth-Century Urban America by Jennifer Fronc

The chapters are arranged chronologically, retracing the national fight over film content, as various taboo subjects like abortion, white slavery, and racial intermarriage were addressed (or exploited) within the emerging medium. Similar ground was covered by Lee Grieveson in Policing Cinema: Movies and Censorship in Early-Twentieth-Century America (2004), the subject of a lengthy note in Monitoring the Movies . But Fronc’s work is bolstered by voluminous correspondence from the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, and the 40 pages of notes (in addition to an appendix, bibliography, and index) signal a comprehensive appraisal of this facet of the Progressive era. Along the way, there are a few light anecdotes, including one involving a melodramatic film about a railroad strike that featured a scene of a burning trestle, a special effect that meant the film’s costs ran into “many hundreds of dollars” (40).
Spherical image QoE approximations for vision augmentation scenarios

Augmented Reality (AR) devices are commonly head-worn to overlay context-dependent information into the field of view of the device operators. One particular scenario is the overlay of still images, for which we evaluate the interplay of user ratings as Quality of Experience (QoE) with (i) the non-referential BRISQUE objective image quality metric as Quality of Service (QoS) and (ii) human subject dry electrode EEG signals gathered with a commercial off-the-shelf device. We employ basic machine learning approaches to perform QoE and QoS predictions based on this data. We find strong correlations for QoS inputs with aggregated user ratings as Mean Opinion Scores with spherical images. For subject-specific EEG portfolios, overall predictability of the QoE for both media types can be attained. Our overall results can be employed in practical scenarios by content and network service providers to optimize the user experience in augmented reality scenarios with a passive human in-the-loop in the future.
Masterless Coded Computing: A Fully-Distributed Coded FFT Algorithm

We propose a coded computing strategy for the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm in a fully distributed setting, which does not have a powerful master node orches- trating worker nodes. The fully distributed setting requires a large amount of data movements between nodes, and this communication is often the bottleneck in parallel computing. We identify communication cost of each step of the coded FFT algorithm using the $\alpha -\beta $ model, which is commonly used in high- performance computing literature to estimate communication latency. We show that by using $\mathrm {a} (P,~K)$ systematic MDS code, the communication overhead of coding is negligible in comparison to the communication costs inherent in the uncoded FFT implementation if $P-K=o(\log K)$.
Stakeholder Perspectives on Sustainability in the Food-Energy-Water Nexus

Interest in the various dimensions of environmental, economic, and social sustainability for food, energy, and water (FEW) systems, independently and collectively (i.e., the FEW nexus), has spawned an increasing amount of literature that seeks to understand the various linkages within the FEW nexus and provide guidance to inform decision-making to enhance sustainability. While the use of science and data can generate important and relevant information, it is not clear how important they are relative to relevant policy and the integration of policy within and across the individual FEW domains. In this work, we assessed perspectives on various considerations that pertain to sustainability in the FEW nexus. To do so, we identified numerous stakeholder groups who have interests throughout the FEW nexus, and conducted a survey of a subset of these groups. Although the responses differed across the stakeholder groups that we surveyed, the consistent result was that stakeholders generally understand that FEW systems are physically connected at high levels, and that policy is less integrated than desired. When forced to choose between priorities for science and data or for integrated policy to enhance sustainability, respondents from Academia and Extension preferred more science and data, whereas respondents who are, or more frequently interact with, practitioners and policy-makers preferred integrated policy. Overall, with other results and findings that are relevant for advancing sustainability and improving communication the FEW nexus, we conclude that the importance of science, data, and integrated policy depends on the context in which the stakeholders operate in the FEW domain.
Control of Interlinking Bidirectional Converter in AC/DC Hybrid Microgrid Operating in Stand-Alone Mode

The voltage and frequency of the AC/DC hybrid microgrid while operating in the islanded mode can be significantly deteriorated by the electrical loads. The interlinking bidirectional converter plays a key role in controlling power exchange between AC and DC microgrids and system stabilization. In this paper, a conventional droop control scheme along with double control loop, including both voltage and current control loops, is proposed. The conventional droop control scheme calculates the required active and reactive power and generates the reference for the voltage loop that subsequently generates reference to the current loop. The double control loop provide fast response to the system dynamics and achieves robust control against system transients. Simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller.
A 1-bit, Low-Complexity, 20×20-Element Electronically Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna

This paper presents an electronically reconfigurable reflectarray antenna with 1-bit phase correction. A low-complexity phase-shifting element with four patches and only one PIN diode is proposed to provide two electronically switchable states with a 180° phase difference. The reconfigurable reflectarray having a 300 × 300-mm2 aperture and a feed horn antenna were modeled and simulated in ANSYS HFSS. Full-wave simulated results show a good beam scanning performance from 8.7 GHz to 10.1 GHz over the scan range of ±45°. The simulated maximum gain and aperture efficiency are 23.5 dBi and 18%, respectively, at 10.1 GHz.
TENSOR ANALYSIS OF MAIN DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS UTILIZED FOR DESCRIPTION OF OCEAN HYDRODYNAMICS IN CURVILINEAR ORTHOGONAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

The paper presents an analysis of tensor expressions in different curvilinear orthogonal coordinate systems. The analysis reveals specific properties of a number of approximated coordinate systems widely used in the studies of ocean dynamics. The paper consists of two parts. The part 1 presents a brief overview of the key definitions and important relations of tensor analysis which are utilized in part 2 of the paper. The part 2 considers invariant representation of different types of vector products, divergence of vector field and divergence of symmetric tensor of rank 2, gradient of a scalar filed, curl of a vector filed. The part 2 also discusses specific properties of the rate-of-strain tensor, general form of the Laplace operator, properties of operator nabla, and general forms of material derivative for scalar and vector fields. The equations for the properties under consideration are derived for the physical components of the corresponding tensors.
Active ankle position sense and single-leg balance in runners versus non-runners.

Introduction: Ankle sprain is one of the most common injuries in collegiate athletes, including runners. The purpose of the study was to examine whether runners exhibited compromised ankle stability, ankle position sense, and single-leg balance.Methods: Thirty-seven individuals (21 non-runners and 16 runners) participated in the study. To be included in the runner group, subjects were required to run greater than 150 minutes per week for the past three months. We used the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) to categorize ankle stability, and we used a dual-axis electronic goniometer to examine active ankle position sense. We examined single-leg balance with the Athletic Single Leg Stability Test of the Biodex Balance System using three different protocols: 1) default setting, 2) no extrinsic visual feedback, and 3) no extrinsic feedback with a cognitive demand.Results: Runners and non-runners had similar ankle stability (CAIT = 26.88 and 26.45 respectively; p = .666). Although runners had significantly larger ankle position errors than non-runners overall (2.56° vs. 1.68°; p = .004), they had better single-leg balance than non-runners without extrinsic visual feedback (Stability Index 1.67 vs. 4.39; p < .001), even with an added cognitive loading (Stability Index 2.18 vs. 4.32; p < .001).Conclusions: For runners, having worse ankle position sense did not compromise ankle stability, nor contribute to single-leg balance deficits. Runners may have established better motor control to maintain their single-leg balance and ankle stability.
Dealing with Inherent Statistical Error

When performing an inferential statistical test, one can never be absolutely sure that the results are correct. Through careful study design and with good scientific technique, systematic error can be controlled, but random error will always be present. This chapter focuses on hypothesis testing and types of random error associated with incorrect decisions: (1) rejecting a true hypothesis under test or (2) failing to reject a false hypothesis under test. The goal is to reject the hypothesis under test with at least 95% confidence in the decision or less than a 5% chance of being wrong. Another goal is to reject the hypothesis under test when that hypothesis is false, which is a called statistical power. Minitab applications to determine sample size and power are discussed.
Decreased amplitude and reliability of odor-evoked responses in two mouse models of autism.

Sensory processing deficits are increasingly recognized as core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However the molecular and circuit mechanisms that lead to sensory deficits are unknown....
Heidegger on Technics, Power, and the Planetary

This essay examines Heidegger’s reflections on the essence of technology in the context of his remarks on power and planetarism. Heidegger’s approach to the essence of technics is often misunderstood as a “critique” of technology, while, in fact, Heidegger makes it explicit that the essence of technology (Technik) is nothing technological. It is not to be confused or identified with technology, techno-science, production, or technological products but approached instead as the originary modality of revealing characteristic of the modern, increasingly globalized, world after the Enlightenment. That is why Heidegger on technology should be understood in relation to the question of an alternative mode of revealing, which Heidegger terms poietic. Though Heidegger’s writings date from half a century ago, since what he calls the technic revealing only keeps intensifying, the exigency of the poetic becomes all the more apparent.
New graduate registered nurses' experiences with psychological safety.

Aim The purpose of this study was to gain insight into new graduate registered nurses' experiences with psychological safety. Background Organizational learning allows acute care hospitals to consistently provide high-quality patient care. Psychological safety is critical for organizational learning. New graduate nurses in particular need to feel psychologically safe as they transition into professional nursing practice. Understanding new graduate registered nurses' experiences of psychological safety can guide leaders and others to create work environments that foster psychological safety and organizational learning. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 newly graduated registered nurses working in inpatient hospital settings. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Four primary themes featured prominently in the new graduate nurses' experiences of psychological safety: building credibility, making personal connections, feeling supported and seeking safety. Conclusion Understanding these themes will help nursing education programmes, nurse managers, nurse colleagues and new graduate registered nurses foster psychological safety and create environments conducive to organisational learning. Implications for nursing management All members of the health care team involved in the new graduate registered nurses' transition to practice have a role in fostering psychological safety. Additional research is needed to better understand psychological safety and how to foster it.
Mirror symmetry and generalized complex manifolds: Part I. The transform on vector bundles, spinors, and branes

Abstract In this paper we begin the development of a relative version of T -duality in generalized complex geometry which we propose as a manifestation of mirror symmetry. Let M be an n -dimensional smooth real manifold, V a rank n real vector bundle on M , and ∇ a flat connection on V . We define the notion of a ∇ -semi-flat generalized almost complex structure on the total space of V . We show that there is an explicit bijective correspondence between ∇ -semi-flat generalized almost complex structures on the total space of V and ∇ ∨ -semi-flat generalized almost complex structures on the total space of V ∨ . We show that semi-flat generalized complex structures give rise to a pair of transverse Dirac structures on the base manifold. We also study the ways in which our results generalize some aspects of T -duality such as the Buscher rules. We show explicitly how spinors are transformed and discuss the induces correspondence on branes under certain conditions.
Factors Affecting Dietary Adherence and Strategies for Improving Adherence in Chronic Kidney Disease

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is an integral component for successful treatment outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Treatment requires adherence to a complex dietary prescription that changes throughout the stages of the disease. This chapter will review the factors (positive and negative) that may influence a patient’s ability to follow the recommended diet prescription. Factors that may improve adherence include social support from family and/or caregivers and the health practitioner’s knowledge of the patient’s culture, food habits, beliefs, and practices. On the other hand, inhibitors of dietary adherence include the patient’s lifestyle, attitude toward the disease, socioeconomic status, and cultural barriers. The health professional needs to understand these factors and implement strategies for achieving dietary adherence in CKD patients. This chapter will also provide evidence-based recommendations from the American Heart Association that the renal practitioner can apply to the CKD patient which may enhance adherence to the renal diet. Moreover, a brief comment about the use of technology to aid in achieving dietary adherence is included.
Mental health treatment utilization among U.S. military veterans with suicidal ideation: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

Abstract Background Despite advances in the treatment of suicidality over the last decade, a significant proportion of veterans with suicidal ideation do not utilize mental health treatment. To date, however, few population-based studies have examined factors that may facilitate or impede mental healthcare engagement among veterans currently contemplating suicide. This study examined barriers and facilitators of current mental healthcare utilization in a nationally representative sample of U.S. military veterans who endorsed current suicidal ideation. Methods Using data from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (n = 3157), collected in 2011, multivariable analyses were conducted to identify predisposing (e.g., age), enabling (e.g., social support), and need (e.g., psychiatric history) characteristics, as well as perceptions of stigma and barriers to care, associated with current mental healthcare utilization. Results A total of 7.3% (n = 231) of veterans endorsed current suicidal ideation, of which 36.1% (n = 84) were engaged in current mental health treatment. Younger age, female sex, current depression, lifetime suicide attempt(s), and number of lifetime traumas and medical problems were associated with treatment utilization. Mistrust of mental health providers and fear of treatment harming one's reputation were associated with lower likelihood of treatment engagement, over and above the effects of these predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics. Discussion More than 3 of 5 U.S. veterans endorsing current suicidal ideation are not engaged in mental health treatment. Results underscore the importance of multi-modal suicide prevention and treatment engagement efforts that target need-based factors, and perceptions of stigma and negative beliefs about mental healthcare in this population.
Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the mathematical modeling attitude scale for teachers of mathematics

The effective teaching and learning of mathematics through mathematical modeling and connecting mathematics to the real world has gained rapid growth at various educational levels all over the world. The growth in modeling practices in the United States of America (US) and the international community is the result of the development and implementation of new mathematics standards and curricula across the world. In this article, we report on the development and use of a quantitative instrument aimed at assessing teachers of mathematics attitudes toward mathematical modeling practices. Based on the responses of 310 practicing teachers of mathematics from the US, the mathematical modeling attitude scale was evaluated using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and other psychometric properties. The scale isolated four dimensions: constructivism, understanding, relevance and real-life, and motivation and interest. These 4 factors accounted for 59% of the variation in the 28-item measure. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the overall scale was .96, and that for the subscales was .93 for constructivism, .81 for understanding, .88 for relevance and real-life, and .89 for motivation and interest. The findings suggest a psychometrically useable, reliable, and valid scale for studying teacher’s attitudes toward mathematical modeling. We discuss the instrument’s merit for research and teaching, and implications for teacher education, professional development, and future research.
A Piezo-Capacitive High-Frequency Resonant Accelerometer

In this work a frequency-modulated (FM) resonant accelerometer operating based on the piezoelectric stiffening effect is introduced for the first time. In this device, the acceleration-sensitive variation of a capacitive mass-spring (CMS) system is up converted to a carrier frequency which is set by the resonance frequency of a thin-film piezoelectric-on-silicon (TPoS) resonator due to the piezoelectric stiffening effect. The mechanical decoupling of the acceleration-sensitive component from the resonant component allows for an additional degree of freedom in the design and a larger dynamic range, while enabling high frequency operation of the accelerometer. Proof-of-concept Z-axis accelerometers at ∼27 MHz are presented with an acceleration sensitivity of ∼300 Hz/g, The acceleration/axis sensitivity is mainly dependent on the design of the CMS and ultimately limited by the effective electromechanical coupling of the TPoS resonator.
Examining state-dependent effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on visual search and executive function tasks.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive performance are influenced by the state-dependency of targeted cortical regions. Methods In a mixed within- and between-participants design, we targeted either the right parietal or left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and measured effects on visual search versus inhibitory control (respectively). Critically, during active and sham stimulation, participants were exposed to an unrelated or task-congruent prime. Results Analyses examined whether priming induced state-dependent changes in behavior on a subsequent visual search or inhibitory control task. Results demonstrated consistent support for the null hypothesis, with neither tDCS nor priming influencing behavioral outcomes. Conclusions This outcome does not provide direct support for state-dependency or activity-selectivity models of tDCS effects on cognitive outcomes. We discuss the possibility that behavioral patterns supporting these mechanistic models may only be found when the priming and outcome tasks share critical neurocognitive features. Overall, we found no evidence that offline (pretask) tDCS targeting the right parietal or left dorsolateral prefrontal induces reliable changes in visual search or inhibitory control behavior, and this pattern is not modulated by state-dependency induced by priming task-related activity.
Thinking Beyond “Languaging” in Translanguaging Pedagogies: Exploring Ways to Combat White Fragility in an Undergraduate Language Methodology Course

This chapter explores the sociopolitical implications of adopting multilingual pedagogies in teacher education. More specifically, the authors draw on data from a qualitative inquiry of how racism manifested and was addressed and ignored within an online undergraduate ESL methodology course for pre-service teachers (PSTs). Classwork from PSTs and interviews with PSTs revealed that race was an uncomfortable topic that PSTs rarely underscored despite the inextricable link between language and race. Using white fragility as a guiding framework, the authors highlight how the predominantly White PSTs understood and perceived the course’s coverage of race. Considering the limited coverage of race in the course, the PSTs’ confusion with key terminology, and patterns of defensive behaviors in response to discussions on race, the chapter closes with suggestions of how to raise racial awareness in an effort to better implement the instruction of multilingual pedagogies in language methodology courses.
Electrochemical Separation of Aluminum from Mixed Scrap Using Ionic Liquids

Electrodeposition of aluminum was conducted on three types of ionic liquids (ILs); EMIC, BMIC and HMIC with AlCl3. The molar ratio of IL:AlCl3 = 1:2 was determined to be optimum for all three ILs. Over 170 A/m2 current density with more than 85% current efficiency was obtained for EMIC system. Similarly, for BMIC, over 300 A/m2 current density was found with more than 85% current efficiency, and for HMIC, more than 250 A/m2 of current density with over 85% current efficiency was obtained. Based on the lab-scale experimental findings, scale-up experiments were carried out for BMIC:AlCl3 = 1:2 molar ratio. Significant increase in current density was observed when higher potentials were applied. More than 220 A/m2 of current density was observed for the scale-up system. Additionally, shorter distance between anode and cathode (~1 cm) and higher stirring rate (120 rpm) produced higher current densities. The outcome of this work would facilitate the scale-up studies for the electrochemical separation of aluminum from mixed scrap.
Lagrangian Data Assimilation and Uncertainty Quantification for Sea Ice Floes with an Efficient Physics-Constrained Superfloe Parameterization.

The discrete element method (DEM) is providing a new modeling approach for describing sea ice dynamics. It exploits particle-based methods to characterize the physical quantities of each sea ice floe along its trajectory under Lagrangian coordinates. One major challenge in applying the DEM models is the heavy computational cost when the number of the floes becomes large. In this paper, an efficient Lagrangian parameterization algorithm is developed, which aims at reducing the computational cost of simulating the DEM models while preserving the key features of the sea ice. The new parameterization takes advantage of a small number of artificial ice floes, named the superfloes, to effectively approximate a considerable number of the floes, where the parameterization scheme satisfies several important physics constraints. The physics constraints guarantee the superfloe parameterized system will have similar short-term dynamical behavior as the full system. These constraints also allow the superfloe parameterized system to accurately quantify the long-range uncertainty, especially the non-Gaussian statistical features, of the full system. In addition, the superfloe parameterization facilitates a systematic noise inflation strategy that significantly advances an ensemble based data assimilation algorithm for recovering the unobserved ocean field underneath the sea ice. Such a new noise inflation method avoids ad hoc tunings as in many traditional algorithms and is computationally extremely efficient. Numerical experiments based on an idealized DEM model with multiscale features illustrate the success of the superfloe parameterization in quantifying the uncertainty and assimilating both the sea ice and the associated ocean field.
Development and Validity of the Sports Food Literacy Assessment Tool for Collegiate Athletes

Objectives Food literacy, the interrelated knowledge, skills, and behaviors needed to successfully navigate a complex food-choice environment, has yet to be formally explored in athletes. However, it is important for this population to understand and apply specialized food-related recommendations to optimize health and performance outcomes. The goal of this study was to develop and test the validity of the Sports Food Literacy Assessment Tool (SFLAT) to evaluate food literacy concepts relevant to National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes.
Trans (gender) trouble

In this essay, we tease out and implicate what we term the queer (cissexist) theoretical imagination suggesting an incommensurability of sorts between that of queer theory and that of trans subject...
A population-based study of breast implant illness

BACKGROUND Despite evidence supporting the safety of breast implants, some women associate their implants with adverse health effects and have called this syndrome "breast implant illness." We sought to characterize breast implant illness symptoms and to report how implant removal affects their symptoms. METHODS An anonymous 20 question survey was administered to the Facebook group: "UTAH Breast Implant Illness" to characterize the symptoms these women attributed to their breast implants. Several questions allowed us to evaluate how implant removal affected women's symptoms. RESULTS Of the 182 respondents, 97% report that implants negatively affect their health and 95% identify these symptoms with breast implant illness. Ninety-six percent of respondents had implants placed for cosmetic reasons and 51% had silicone implants. The most common symptoms associated with breast implant illness are brain fog (95%), fatigue (92%), joint pain (80%), and hair loss (74%). Sixty percent of respondents learned about breast implant illness from family/friends and/or social media platforms (56%), 40% of respondents had their implants removed, and 97% report relief of their symptoms post-removal (23% complete, 74% partial). Following explantation, there was a significant improvement in all but one reported symptom. An association was found between the number of symptoms reported prior to explantation and the number of symptoms resolving following explantation. CONCLUSIONS Breast implant illness is a syndrome characterized by fatigue, decreased focus, hair loss, and joint pain after the placement of breast implants. Nearly all patients report improvement of symptoms after implant removal. Significant efforts should be made to better understand breast implant illness and its etiology.
An Unusual Presentation of Radiation Necrosis in the Brainstem (5166)

Objective: To describe a rare late complication of radiotherapy and highlight pertinent diagnostic pitfalls. Background: Radiation necrosis in the brainstem is an exceedingly rare late complication of radiotherapy, and requires integration of clinical and radiographic data to accurately diagnose. Design/Methods: NA Results: A 33 year-old right handed man with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia initially diagnosed 09/2015, with two prior CNS relapses in 12/2016 (right facial weakness and headaches, resolved with intrathecal chemotherapy) and 03/2017 (recurrent right facial weakness, received intrathecal cytarabine, radiation to 17.5Gy in the skull base), craniospinal irradiation 05/2017, matched sibling donor stem cell transplant 06/12/17, presented in July 2019 with a three-week history of gait instability culminating in right facial paresthesias. His neurologic exam was notable for sensory loss in the first two divisions of the right trigeminal nerve with mildly wide-based station and gait and a tendency toward right lateropulsion. MRI brain demonstrated new contrast enhancing parenchymal lesions in the right pons/cerebellar peduncle/medulla amid surrounding T2/FLAIR hyperintensity suspicious for rhombencephalitis versus possible radiation necrosis. MR spectroscopy was notable for depression of all metabolites with no evidence for increased permeability or blood flow. CSF was notable for lymphocytic pleiocytosis with 28 WBCs and normal protein. He received high-dose solu-medrol with no improvement--rather developing a complete facial palsy--then bevacizumab and finally Rituxan for a presumed diagnosis of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder versus autoimmune rhombencephalitis versus radiation necrosis. He was discharged without a definitive diagnosis, and three months later presented to an outside hospital with worsening symptoms. He was found to have progressively enhancing lesions in the brainstem for which comprehensive non-invasive testing was again repeated without clear diagnosis. He finally underwent brainstem biopsy which confirmed radiation necrosis. Conclusions: The diagnosis of radiation necrosis should be considered in patients with a significant prior history of intracranial radiation and certain advanced imaging technique findings. Disclosure: Dr. Ou has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tummala has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Legend/Janssen. Partow Kebriaei, MD has nothing to disclose.
Current Controversies in Neoadjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer

Over the last two decades, there have been significant changes in the management of patients with localized pancreatic cancer. The rationale for an evolution toward a neoadjuvant approach and summary of relevant clinical trials is reviewed. Controversies in identifying optimal neoadjuvant therapeutic approaches are discussed.
Application of AD to a family of periodic functions

We study the initial value problem (IVP) for the system dx/dt = &minusy m, dy/dt = xn, where m and n are positive odd integers, x(0) = 1, y(0) = 0. Its solutions are periodic, and we find relations between the periods. Automatic differentiation is used to enable interesting mathematical explorations.
Foreign Acquisitions and Managerial Discretion

Foreign acquisitions have been growingdramatically since the 1980s despite academic studiesshowing that shareholders of acquirers generally donot realize any significant gain. In this paper, weinvestigate whether foreign acquisitions aremotivated by managerial self-interest. Logisticregressions are performed to establish a link betweenforeign acquisitions and the acquirer's free cashflow. The results show that foreign acquisitions oflow-Q firms are strongly influenced by managerialdiscretion. In addition, acquisitions of low-Q firmsare conducted without consideration of theperformance of the acquirers. Foreign acquisitions ofhigh-Q firms, however, do not representoverinvestments.
Learning Bayesian Networks for Diverse and Varying numbers of Evidence Sets

We introduce an expandable Bayesian network (EBN) to handle the combination of diverse multiple homogeneous evidence sets. An EBN is an augmented Bayesian network which instantiates its structure at runtime according to the structure of input. We show an application of an EBN for a multi-view 3-D object description problem in computer vision. The experiments show that the proposed method gives reasonable performance even for an unlearned structure of input data.
From Molecules to Memory in the Cerebellum

Neuroscientists have long sought to elucidate the molecular underpinnings of the memories needed to learn, for example, a motor task. In his Perspective, Linden discusses new work (Koekkoek et al.) suggesting that long-term depression in Purkinje cells mediated by protein kinase C signaling is responsible for motor memory in a task called associative eyelid conditioning.
Multiplicity features of reacting systems. Dependence of the steady-states of a CSTR on the residence time

Abstract Singularity theory with a distinguished parameter, as developed by Golubitsky and Schaeffer, is a very useful tool for predicting the influence of changes in a control or design variable on the steady-states of lumped-parameter systems. The theory is used to construct various bifurcation diagrams describing the influence of changes in the residence time on the temperature in a CSTR in which several reactions occur simultaneously. The number of different bifurcation diagrams increases very rapidly with increasing number of reactions. The predictions of this local theory provide important theoretical guidance in the global analysis of the multiplicity features.