cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Specificity and Plasticity of Memory Lymphocyte Migration

To exert immunological activity, T and B cells must leave the blood and enter different extravascular compartments in the body. An essential step in this process is their adhesion to microvascular endothelium and subsequent diapedesis into a target tissue. Naive and effector/memory T and B cells possess distinct repertoires of traffic molecules that restrict their ability to interact with specialized microvessels in different anatomic compartments and thus exhibit distinct patterns of migration. In addition, antigen-experienced lymphocytes are subdivided into different subsets based on their expression of characteristic sets of adhesion receptors that favor their accumulation in certain target organs, such as the skin and the gut. This article focuses on recent discoveries that have broadened our understanding of the “imprinting” mechanisms responsible for the generation of tissue-specific effector/memory lymphocytes, especially in the intestine. We discuss how gut-specific homing is acquired, maintained, and modulated and how these mechanisms might be harnessed to develop improved vaccine protocols and treatments for intestinal autoimmune diseases.
Compensation control algorithm for IPM machines considering temperature effects based on online multi-parameter estimation

For automotive applications, accurate torque production capability and high efficiency of the traction motor is very important. However, the performance of widely used interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines is influenced by temperature variations. In this paper, a control algorithm is proposed to compensate the performance variations in IPM machines due to temperature change based on online parameters estimation. Results show that the proposed compensation control method can successfully maintain torque production accuracy and maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) operation during temperature variation. Additionally, the torque accuracy can be also maintained in the flux weakening region.
Operational Evaluation of Two-Lane Roundabouts at Freeway Ramp Terminals: Comparison Between Roundabout and Signalized Interchanges:

In the United States, roundabouts have recently been constructed to replace signalized intersections at freeway ramp terminals as both a safety and an operational treatment. In practice, this treatment is in need of guidelines specifying conditions when the roundabout or signalized intersection is more appropriate to assist practitioners in deciding which alternative to choose. In particular, research providing a comprehensive operational comparison between roundabouts and signalized interchanges is lacking. The current research—though a strictly calibrated microscopic simulation platform—analyzes and models the control delay at double-lane roundabouts and signalized interchanges. Both roundabouts and signalized interchanges were modeled in a Vissim simulation platform. Capacity at each roundabout entrance was calibrated and validated separately for passenger cars and heavy vehicles, since both vehicle types have different critical and follow-up headways. The design of the simulation experiments covered 2...
A Tale of Two Archives, Two Eras: The UC Berkeley Folklore Archives & The USC Digital Folklore Archives

Aquest article estudia dos arxius de folklore recents de California: els Arxius de Folklore de la Universitat de California Berkeley, fundats per Alan Dundes, i els Arxius de Folklore Digitals de la Universitat del Sud de California, que vaig posar en marxa fa pocs anys. En aquesta analisi, el meu objectiu es situar aquests arxius no nomes com a llocs d’actuacions, sino tambe com a actuacions en si amb participants, contextos i influencies. L’Arxiu de la Universitat de California Berkeley va sorgir en una epoca d’agitacio social a America i a la folkloristica americana, mentre que els Arxius de la Universitat del Sud de California van apareixer com a part integral del canvi digital i global de la cultura humana. Els arxius son una part fonamental dels estudis de folklore i el fet d’estudiar-los permet entendre mes la disciplina i el paper que te en la societat que l’envolta i en que funciona i que sovint diu que representa. Aquest informe breu preten servir per entendre com segueixen adaptant-se els estudis de folklore i com els arxius poden continuar sent important i rellevants per a un mon que esta canviant tan de pressa.
Purposeful Global Engagement in Pharmacy Education

These are exciting times for global pharmacy engagement in the United States. There is greater emphasis on global outreach by many schools and colleges of pharmacy.[1-4][1] Many pharmacy schools have appointed individuals to lead such outreach efforts and the curriculum has been embedded with
Treatment of Achalasia with Per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy: Analysis of 50 Consecutive Patients.

Abstract Background: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become an acceptable incisionless treatment for achalasia based on encouraging outcomes in multiple series worldwide. This report reflects...
Discrepancies in the in vitro and in vivo role of scavenger receptors in clearance of nanoparticles by Kupffer cells

Nanoparticles are recognized and cleared by Kupffer cells (KCs) in the liver. This process complicates the development of targeted nanoparticles because of significant reduction of number of nanoparticles that can reach target tissues. Macrophage scavenger receptor SR type AI/II is the central phagocytic receptor that has been shown to promote in vitro uptake of many nanoparticle types. In this paper, the authors set out to clarify the role of SR-AI/II in the in vivo liver clearance of 10kDa dextran superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) Feridex-IV® and 20kDa dextran-coated SPIO nanoworms (SPIO NWs). Feridex showed efficient SR-AI/II-dependent uptake by isolated KCs in vitro, whereas SPIO NWs showed no uptake by KCs. Both Feridex and SPIO NWs showed a very short and nearly identical circulation half-life and efficient uptake by KCs in vivo. The SR-AI/II inhibitor, polyinosinic acid, prolonged the circulation half-life of both Feridex and SPIO NWs, but did not reduce the KC uptake. The circulation half-life and KC uptake of Feridex and SPIO NWs were identical in SR-AI/II-deficient mice and wild-type mice. These data suggest: (1) there is a limited correlation between in vitro and in vivo uptake mechanisms of nanoparticles in KCs; and (2) redundant, SR-AI/II independent mechanisms play a significant role in the nanoparticle recognition by KCs in vivo. Understanding the complexity of nanoparticle clearance assays and mechanisms is an important step to improving the design of “stealthy” nanoparticles. [READ ARTICLE](https://precisionnanomedicine.com/article/6473)
Energy Requirement Methodology

Abstract Knowledge of energy requirements throughout the life cycle and during various physiological conditions and disease states is essential to the promotion of optimal human health. Since available instruments for measurement of dietary intake have demonstrated considerable misreporting, investigators have focused on measurement of energy expenditure, which can be accurately measured. In an effort to estimate energy requirements, one can measure total energy expenditure or the components of total energy expenditure which include resting energy expenditure and energy expended in physical activity. Because of the high cost and time needed for measurement of energy expenditure, clinicians often rely heavily on prediction equations to estimate energy requirements. However, it is important to keep in mind that these equations often do not account for variables such as body composition, race, age, or the effect of disease states.
Is radiation an Appropriate Model for Chemical Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis

The principal effects of interest with “high-level radiation” exposure (high doses and dose rates) are early “all-or-none” effects such as illness and death. These effects are due to the severe depletion of stem cell populations in the organs resulting from the high average absorbed organ doses (1). Absorbed organ dose-response curves for these all-or-none organ effects show the classic S-shape characteristic of such relationships well known in pharmacology, toxicology and medicine. The organ dose is the amount of energy per gram of tissue (100 ergs/gram), averaged usually over the entire organ.
Therapeutic Models of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

ABSTRACT New mouse models of SLE have been developed recently including strains bearing the 1pr gene. The presence of this gene results in antibodies to nucleoproteins and Wk9_ immune complex glomerulonephritis, and proliferation of Lyt 1+23− T cells. A defect in Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production is a common abnormality in these autoimmune mice. We have utilized an antigen presentation system to study T cell proliferation in MRL/ lpr , C57B16/ lpr and C3H/He/ lpr mice and their normal congenic counterparts. The normal mice proliferate well whereas there is little proliferation in the Ipr variants. Mixing experiments demonstrate that the defect resides with the Ipr responding T cells and not with the Ipr macrophages. This abnormality could be due to defective IL-2 production by Lyt 1+23− T cells. Several therapeutic approaches have been tried recently in murine lupus including androgen administration and calorie restriction. Both therapeutic modalities maintain normal levels of IL-2 in NZB/NZW F1 mice. IL-2 abnormality in autoimmune mice raises the possibility that a specific immunopharmacologic approach to restore immunoregulation might be possible.
Neurotransmitter release from the medial hyperstriatum ventrale of the chick forebrain accompanying filial imprinting behavior, measured by in vivo microdialysis

The imprinting behavior of chicks was quantified as a preference score (correct response ratio) achieved in a running wheel apparatus. A total of 249 chicks were exposed to an imprinting stimulus and tested for stimulus-approaching behavior. The chicks were then classified as good learners (imprinted), poor learners (non-imprinted) and a gray-zone group, those were 46%, 31% and 23% of the total chicks respectively. Using the classified chicks, the acetylcholine (ACh) and glutamate releases from the medial hyperstriatum ventrale (MHV) of the chick forebrains were determined by in vivo microdialysis. The non-imprinted chicks were used as yoked controls. Increases of ACh and glutamate released were observed in the imprinted chicks during exposure to the imprinting stimulus, whereas there were no changes in the release of these neurotransmitters in the non-imprinted chicks during the imprinting exposure. These results might be indicated that cholinergic and glutamatergic synapses which are newly formed as functioning synapses with imprinting stimulus in the MHV are involved in the performance of imprinting behavior.
The Value of Needle-Guidance Technology in Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Procedures Performed by Radiology Residents: A Comparison of Freehand, In-Plane, Fixed-Angle, and Electromagnetic Needle Tracking Techniques.

OBJECTIVES Radiology residents typically learn ultrasound-guided procedures by performing supervised procedures on patients who may experience longer procedure times and higher complication rates. The purpose of this study was to determine if existing technologies, such as in-plane, fixed-angle guidance (IPFA) and electromagnetic needle tracking (ENT), can improve resident procedure time and accuracy. METHODS Radiology residents (18 total) were randomized to 1 of 3 ultrasound-guidance technique groups-freehand, IPFA, or ENT-and instructed to place a needle into 4 liver lesions in a humanoid phantom, each increasing in difficulty. For each lesion, residents were timed from skin puncture to needle placement, and the number of times the needle was pulled back and redirected (pullbacks) was recorded. Primary outcomes were total time and total number of pullbacks for all 4 lesions. Secondary outcomes were individual time and number of pullbacks for each lesion. RESULTS Compared to the freehand group, the IPFA and ENT groups demonstrated lower procedural time and number of pullbacks both in total and for each individual lesion. Differences in total time and total number of pullbacks were significant (P < .001), as were differences for lesion 3 (P = .002-.02) and lesion 4 (P < .001). Differences for lesions 1 and 2 were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Radiology resident procedure time and procedure accuracy (as judged by number of pullbacks) are significantly improved by the use IPFA and ENT guidance technologies.
Disparities in survival by insurance status in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

e18134Background: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in western world. It is the disease of older adults with a median age at diagnosis of approximately 70 years. Howeve...
Phase Control of Majorana Bound States in a Topological X Junction.

Topological superconductivity supports exotic Majorana bound states (MBS) which are chargeless zero-energy emergent quasiparticles. With their non-Abelian exchange statistics and fractionalization of a single electron stored nonlocally as a spatially separated MBS, they are particularly suitable for implementing fault-tolerant topological quantum computing. While realizing MBS has focused on one-dimensional systems, the onset of topological superconductivity requires delicate parameter tuning and geometric constraints pose significant challenges for their control and demonstration of non-Abelian statistics. To overcome these challenges, building on recent experiments in planar Josephson junctions (JJs), we propose a MBS platform of $\mathsf{X}$-shaped JJs. This versatile implementation reveals how external flux control of the superconducting phase difference can generate and manipulate multiple MBS pairs to probe non-Abelian statistics. The underlying topological superconductivity exists over a large parameter space, consistent with materials used in our fabrication of such $\mathsf{X}$ junctions, as an important step towards scalable topological quantum computing.
Vice, On the Basis of Sex, and the Liberal Imagination: Villainification and Heroification in Popular Political Film

Using tenets of political psychology, this article analyzes educational implications of contemporary Hollywood partisan political film through two critically acclaimed films released in 2018, Vice ...
History for What

Having defined the subject matter of the domain, the essential next step is to consider the important questions relative to that subject matter. These questions, in the broadest sense, are equivalent to asking why one wants to study historical data in the first place, that is, defining the problem area. Before any research can be done, some questions must be posed; these are critical. What do we ask of the evidence, in this case of past built environments? To obtain answers one must know what questions to ask; to do that one must have clear, hence explicit reasons for studying the evidence. Having defined the subject matter one needs to discuss what questions, in principle, are to be asked of that subject matter. This is particularly the case because the point is made that in research specific results are often of less importance than how the formulation of a new kind of question led to those results (Goodfield in Ayala and Dobzhanski 1974, p. 82).
Successful management of subglottic stenosis in pregnancy.

Evaluation and management of subglottic stenosis in pregnancy is challenging. It often is not only a multidisciplinary approach between obstetricians, otolaryngologists (ENT surgeons) and anesthesiologists, but also requires a thorough understanding of possible foreseen complications by the patient as well. Hence, whenever we are presented with a challenging case requiring multidisciplinary approach involving team of physicians from different specialties, it is routine practice to huddle regarding the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management and care. We present a case of a 37-year-old woman with a known history of idiopathic subglottic stenosis, 16 weeks’ pregnant, G4P1, with a surgical history significant for two previous subglottic dilations in the past and who now presented with an audible stridor and shortness of breath on activity. We highlighted the unique challenges encountered and the corresponding management adopted. This is a case of successful management of symptomatic worsening of subglottic stenosis managed during pregnancy.
Abstract 16896: Electrogram Morphology Recurrence to Characterize Drivers of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Findings at Initial versus Redo Catheter Ablation

Background: Electrogram (EGM) morphology recurrence (EMR) mapping of persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF) quantifies consistency of activation at each site and is expected to be high and rapid nea...
Manufacturing Plant Layout Improvement: Case study of a High-Temperature Heat Treatment Tooling Manufacturer in Northeast Indiana

Abstract As the number of competitors in the global marketplace is increasing very fast, it is essential for companies to reduce their lead-time to be sustainable game players. The objectives of this research are to a) improve the layout of a job shop production plant and b) enhance the flow of material from one station to another station to reduce lead times and enhance energy management. This paper focuses on a high-temperature heat treatment tooling manufacturer located in Northeast Indiana, USA. It found that the facility layout at the company was not optimal and over the past several decades, machines and equipment have been purchased and placed wherever there was room to place them. There was a significant amount of materials that are being back-tracked and moved by personnel, ultimately taking longer to produce the parts. The overall aspect of this research was to come up with an efficient robust system to improve the material flow throughout the manufacturing process and to ultimately reduce lead times to improve customers’ satisfaction and enhance energy management. For this purpose, the collective system design methodology integrated with systematic layout planning technique is applied to recognize systems’ needs and find possible scenarios based on activity relationships analysis, adjacency of operations, and total closeness ratings. Through the relationship activity diagram, the importance of adjacency among operations was assessed. Analysis on minimizing the travel distance and material handling along with conducted energy assessments verified that there are significant reductions in feet travelled per day and substantial increases in energy savings. Implementing such a layout improvement project resulted in a 16.66 % up to 33% reduction in lead-time of products (heat treating baskets), significant decreases in weekly overtime hours, and considerable enhancements in energy usage.
“To Establish a Different Order of Things”: Reconstructions of Afri-Civic Identity

This chapter will extend Chap. 2’s analysis of the articulations of “Man”/Citizen within African-American theory and praxis. The chapter argues that a tradition of independent constructions of citizenship exists within African-American political theory and activism; this tradition locates Man/Citizen beyond the contradictory formulation of the European Enlightenment model. It is a tradition that is central to the articulation of social nullification within African-American political theory and praxis. The historical investigations of Elsa Barkley Brown and Thom C. Holt on the ways that freed people rearticulated hegemonic formulations of freedom, representative government, and democracy are employed as conceptual lenses for the chapter. Through these frames, it examines the writings of Martin Delany, the political organizing of Ida B. Wells, and the reparations movement as examples of social nullification. These examples illustrate the presence of social nullification, in varied forms, as part of the history and the present of African-American social-political expression.
Delayed Upper Aerodigestive Tract Perforation from Anterior Cervical Spine Hardware: Treatment and Swallowing Outcomes

Delayed upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) perforation is a rare complication of anterior cervical spinal hardware. The purpose of this study was to investigate swallowing outcomes between treatment approaches for delayed UADT perforation. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with anterior cervical hardware and delayed UADT perforation who were treated at a single tertiary care center between 2000 and 2020. Of the twelve patients identified, most patients presented with dysphagia (n = 9, 75%) and/or neck pain (n = 7, 58%). Perforations generally occurred at the level of C6 (n = 6, 50%) and C7 (n = 4, 33%) and spanned only one spinal level (n = 8, 67%). The majority (n = 8, 67%) of patients were past or current cigarette users. Operative approaches included primary repair (n = 5, 42%) and rotational flap (n = 4, 33%); the rotational flap harvest sites included supraclavicular fasciocutaneous (n = 2), infrahyoid muscle (n = 1), and sternocleidomastoid muscle (n = 1). While most patients demonstrated penetration and/or aspiration on first post-operative swallow study (n = 6), this resolved completely within a median time of 31 days. There were no differences in swallowing outcomes between repair approaches. Patient smoking history appears to be a clear risk factor for the development of delayed UADT perforation from anterior cervical spine hardware. A variety of techniques can be used to repair these perforations, and there were no differences in swallowing outcomes between repair approaches.
Performance of silicon OPUFs under variable input losses

Optical Physically Unclonable functions (OPUFs) use complex nonlinear behaviour to generate physical one-way functions. This has been experimentally demonstrated using small non-traditional variations of optical disk resonators [1] . It has been also proposed and numerically studied with plasmonic resonance enhancement [2] . The optical power in the input is a sensitive criterion to evaluate the performance of these OPUFs, not only because insertion losses may appear, but also because hacking power supplies is one of the most common side-channel attacks on secure systems. To the best of our knowledge, no prior comprehensive optical power analysis has been reported on OPUFs, hence the need to establish its impact in light of their future use in modern secure systems.
Handbook of cultural developmental science

Part 1: Domains of Development Across Cultures J. J. Goodnow, Culture. F. J. R. Van De Vijver, J. Hofer, A. Chasiotis, Methodology. C. M. Worthman, Survival and Health. K. E. Adolph, L. B. Karasik, C. S., Tamis-LeMonda, Motor Skill. J. F. Werker, D. M. Maurer, K. A. Yoshida, Perception. M. Cole, X. E. Cagigas, Cognition. E. Lieven, S. Stoll, Language. D. A. Wagner, Literacy. J. Kagan, Emotions and Temperament. R. A. Thompson, E. A. Virmani, Self and Personality. D. L. Best, Gender. K. H. Rubin, C. Cheah, M. M. Menzer, Peers. M. Gauvain, R. D. Parke, Socialization. M. H. Bornstein, J. E. Lansford, Parenting. G. W. Holden, B. Vittrup, Religion. Part 2: Development in Different Places on Earth C. S. Tamis-LeMonda, K. E. McFadden, The United States of America. R. De Castro Ribas, Jr., Central and South America. M. Pinquart, R. K. Silbereisen, European Union. R. A. Ahmed, North Africa and the Middle East. A. B. Nsamenang, J. L. Lo-oh, Afrique Noire. D. A. Nelson, C. H. Hart, E. K. Keister, K. Piassetskaia, Russia. X. Chen, L. Wang, China. D. W. Shwalb, B. J. Shwalb, J. Nakazawa, J. Hyun, H. Van Le, M. P. Satiadarma, East and Southeast Asia: Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and Indonesia. T. S. Saraswathi, R. Dutta, India. A. V. Sanson, J. E. Paterson, Australia and New Zealand. R. H. Bradley, The HOME Environment. M. H. Bornstein, L. R. Cote, Immigration and Acculturation.
Substitution Products of the Group VIB Metal Carbonyls

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses coordinately bonded derivatives. In the years following World War II, the increasingly large body of experimental data inconsistent with widely held beliefs led to a reassessment of the mechanism of bonding in certain transition metal complexes. Common characteristics in complexes exhibiting anomalous behavior are the availability of filled metallic d orbitals and of vacant ligand orbitals with which they could interact. The accepted bonding mechanism may be exemplified by consideration of bonding in the octahedral metal carbonyls, for example, Cr(CO)6. The chapter discusses anionic derivatives. The anionic derivatives of the group VIB metal carbonyls may be classified (a) Carbonyl metallate ions M(CO)52–, M2(CO)I02–, M3(CO)142–, and possibly higher homologs in which the metal atoms are joined by metal-metal bonds; (b) complex products of the base reactions of the hexacarbonyls, many of which are polynuclear and contain hydroxo or other bridging groups, some of which can be precipitated as the hydrides with strong acids; and (c) Mixed complexes of the zerovalent metal carbonyls and anionic substituents. The chapter reviews the π-Arene derivatives of the group VIB metal carbonyls.
Legal and Extralegal Barriers to Delinquency

Recent research on deterrence has begun to couch discussions of legal sanctions in the context of broader perspectives that take account of other factors that may inhibit law violation. Such an approach can answer significant questions about the importance of legal sanctions relative to other variables. In this research, a three-variable inhibitory model suggested by Grasmick and Green (1980) was tested using panel data from a large sample of adolescents. Internalized normative constraint was found to be the strongest predictor of subsequent delinquency. However, perceptions of the risk of both formal and informal sanctions add significantly to the model's explanatory power. Interaction effects were noted that suggest sanction threats may have a compensatory effect where internal constraints are weak.
On the mechanisms and effects of calibrating RSSI measurements for 802.15.4 radios

Wireless sensor network protocols and applications, including those used for localization, topology control, link scheduling, and link quality estimation, make extensive use of Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) measurements. In this paper we show that inaccuracies in the RSSI values reported by widely used 802.15.4 radios, such as the CC2420 and the AT86RF230, have profound impact on these protocols and applications. Furthermore, we experimentally derive the response curves which translate actual RSSI values to the raw RSSI readings that the radios report and show that they contain non-linear and even non-injective regions. Fortunately, these curves are consistent across radios of the same model, making RSSI calibration practical. We present a calibration mechanism that removes the artifacts in the raw RSSI measurements, including ambiguities created by the non-injective regions in the response curves, and generates calibrated RSSI readings that are linear. This calibration removes many of the outliers generated when raw RSSI readings are used to estimate Signal to Noise (and Interference) ratios, estimate radio model parameters, and perform RF-based localization.
Improved microautoradiographic method to determine individual microorganisms active in substrate uptake in natural waters.

We report a method which combines epifluorescence microscopy and microautoradiography to determine both the total number of microorganisms in natural water populations and those individual organisms active in the uptake of specific substrates. After incubation with 3 H-labeled substrate, the sample is filtered and, while still on the filter, mounted directly in a film of autoradiographic emulsion on a microscope slide. The microautoradiogram is processed and stained with acridine orange, and, subsequently, the filter is removed before microscopic observation. This novel preparation resulted in increased accuracy in direct counts made from the autoradiogram, improved sensitivity in the recognition of uptake-active ( 3 H-labeled) organisms, and enumeration of a significantly greater number of labeled organisms compared with corresponding samples prepared by a previously reported method. Images
Micro-orifice metabolic/bariatric surgery under IV sedation/local anesthesia: porcine feasibility study.

As the volume and scope of metabolic/bariatric surgery increases, there is a definite trend toward the development and utilization of simpler and safer procedures. The laparoscopic approach has certain disadvantages that can be avoided by a technique for abdominal access via a micro-orifice incision under intravenous (IV) sedation/local anesthesia, without general anesthesia, insufflation, and intubation. In a porcine model, we used the implantation of the TANTALUSTM System as a prototype for the micro-orifice, IV sedation/local anesthesia approach. The study was conducted in five ex vivo stomachs, four cadavers, and six in vivo animals, the last four of which underwent surgery under IV sedation/local anesthesia. Accurate implantation of electrodes was achieved in all ex vivo, cadaver, and in vivo preparations with no mucosal penetration, confirmed by examination of the open porcine stomachs. Operative time in this learning setting was 1 h 43 min in the last three operated animals. Feasibility was established for using the single incision to tunnel and construct subcutaneous pockets for the pulse generator and the charge coil. No major operative or postoperative complications occurred. Using the TANTALUSTM System as a metabolic/bariatric surgery prototype model, this study successfully tested the feasibility of micro-orifice surgery, under IV sedation/local anesthesia. This study will be followed by human trials that may offer an alternative approach for the performance of metabolic/bariatric surgery.
Interactive online assessment options: A review of the AEPSi

Bu makale Bebek ve Cocuklar icin Interaktif Olcme Degerlendirme ve Programlama Sistemi (AEPSi) adli online bilgi yonetimi aracinin incelemesidir. Kucuk cocuklarla calisan uzmanlar yaptiklari isin artan taleplerine cevap vermek icin etkili degerlendirme seceneklerine ihtiyac duymaktadir. AEPSi bir kucuk cocugun gelisim ve ogrenmesini degerlendirme ile mufredat uzerinden mudahale icerigi saglama amaciyla bebekler, kucuk cocuklar ve okul oncesi cocuklar icin gelistirilmis mufredat-temelli bir degerlendirmedir. Inceleme, AEPSi'nin uzmanlara kucuk cucuklarla ve ailelerle calisirken nasil yardimci olabilecegi hakkinda bilgi vermektedir.
How strong can the bend be on a DNA helix from cisplatin? DFT and MP2 quantum chemical calculations of cisplatin-bridged DNA purine bases.

The B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory was used for the optimization of [Pt(NH3)4]2+, [Pt(NH3)3(H2O)]2+, cis-[Pt(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+, and related platinum complexes. In addition, water or ammonium ligands were replaced by DNA purine bases so that finally cis-diammineplatinum with two bases (Pt-bridged complexes) is obtained. Single point calculations using the MP2/6-31+G(d) method were performed on the obtained reference geometries and were utilized for estimating bond dissociation energies (BDEs) and stabilization energies, and for electron density analyses. After reoptimization, IR spectra were determined from HF second derivatives. It was found that replacement of both water and ammonium by the DNA base is an exothermic process (20−50 kcal/mol depending on the ligands present in the complex). Asymmetric structures with one interbase H-bond were obtained for cis-diammine−(N7,N7‘-diadenine)−platinum and mixed cis-diammine−(N7-adenine)−(N7-guanine)−platinum complexes. In the case of the diguanine Pt-bridge, a symm...
Effect of height to width ratio on K and CMOD solutions for a single edge cracked geometry with clamped ends

Abstract Series expressions for the stress intensity factor ( K ) and crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) were developed for a single edge cracked geometry with clamped ends using finite element analysis. The solutions are valid for crack length to width ratio ( a / W ) in the range 0⩽ a / W ⩽0.9 and height to width ratio ( H / W ) in the range 2⩽ H / W ⩽10. Experiments conducted using MSE(T) specimens with H / W =3, 6 and 9 and compact tension specimens verified the applicability of the proposed solutions.
Sex Differences in the Practice Patterns of Recently Trained Obstetrician-Gynecologists

Sex differences in practice patterns, as modified by family roles, are investigated in a national survey of 1420 active obstetrician-gynecologists who graduated from medical school between 1974 and 1979. Women are more likely than men to be practicing in multispecialty groups, and men are more likely than women to be practicing in obstetrics-gynecology partnerships. On average, men and women report working over 60 hours per week. In all practice arrangements except academic medicine, women work fewer total hours per week, although the differences are small and translate into significantly fewer patient encounters than men in only two practice arrangements: partnerships and multispecialty groups. When marital status and presence of children under age 18 are controlled, significant sex differences in hours worked remain only for married respondents with children. Family roles have an opposite effect on hours of work reported by men and women, decreasing the number of hours worked by women and increasing the number worked by men.
VARIATIONS IN OXYGEN SATURATION OF ARTERIAL BLOOD IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE.

Abstract The oxygen saturation of systemic arterial blood was recorded by means of an oximeter for periods of 30 seconds or more in 43 infants or children who had severe cyanotic congenital heart disease (arterial oxygen saturation less than 75%). The magnitude and phase of variability were recorded and were corrected for instrumental distortion for periods of three seconds or more. Nonrandom variations of significant magnitude occurred at respiratory frequency in 19 patients, of whom 16 had obstruction to pulmonary inflow, indicating great variation in the magnitude of the right to left shunt during the respiratory cycle. In other conditions, such as transposition of the great arteries without pulmonary stenosis, the absence of systematic variations suggests that intracardiac and great vessel shunting occurs primarily at cardiac frequency.
Funding source and author affiliation in TASER research are strongly associated with a conclusion of device safety.

BACKGROUND: Controversy exists regarding the safety of electrical stun guns (TASERs). Much of the research on TASERs is funded by the maker of the device and, therefore, could be biased. We sought to determine if funding source or author affiliation is associated with TASER research conclusions. METHODS: MEDLINE was searched for TASER or electrical stun gun to identify relevant studies. All human and animal studies published up to September 01, 2010, were included. Reviews, editorials, letters, and case reports were excluded from the analysis. Two independent reviewers blinded to this study hypothesis evaluated each article with regard to conclusions of TASER safety. RESULTS: Fifty studies were reviewed: 32 (64%) were human studies and 18 (36%) were animal studies. Twenty-three (46%) studies were funded by TASER International or written by an author affiliated with the company. Of these, 22 (96%) concluded that TASERs are unlikely harmful (26%) or not harmful (70%). In contrast, of the 22 studies not affiliated with TASER, 15 (55%) concluded that TASERs are unlikely harmful (29%) or not harmful (26%). A study with any affiliation with TASER International had nearly 18 times higher odds to conclude that the TASER is likely safe as compared with studies without such affiliation (odds ratio 17.6, 95% CI 2.1-150.1, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Studies funded by TASER and/or written by an author affiliated with the company are substantially more likely to conclude that TASERs are safe. Research supported by TASER International may thus be significantly biased in favor of TASER safety. Language: en
Distribution of spacings of nuclear energy levels of mixed spin and parity

Abstract An experimental spacing distribution for nuclear levels of mixed spin and parity is derived for 980 levels of 18 different nuclei. The experimental nuclear energy levels, taken from recent literature, were all determined by analyses of particles from (p, p′) and/or (p, α) reactions with magnetic spectrographs. When proper account is taken of the experimental enrgy resolution, the spacing distribution is essentially exponential in character as expected for levels of both parities and mixed spin.
Bilateral symmetry in lower extremity mechanics during stair ascent and descent following a total hip arthroplasty: a one-year longitudinal study.

Abstract Background Total hip arthroplasty is the standard treatment to reduce pain and improve function in people with advanced hip osteoarthritis; however, persisting asymmetrical gait patterns have been identified in level walking. Therefore, this study evaluated limb asymmetries during stair ascent and descent in patients pre-operatively through 1 year after a hip replacement. It was hypothesized that lower extremity mechanics would improve on the surgical side, but asymmetries would persist through one year. Methods Kinematics and kinetics were collected during seven ascending and descending trials pre-operatively, 6 weeks, and 1 year post-operatively for 42 hip replacement patients. Data were analyzed using 2 ∗ 3 (Limb ∗ Time) within-subject repeated measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) to determine significant differences between limbs across time (P Findings Significant changes across time, independent of limb included: peak hip flexion, extension, and adduction during ascent. Peak hip flexion and extension, hip flexion moment, adduction and abduction moments, and propulsive vertical ground reaction force were different during descent (P Interpretation Abnormal movement patterns on the surgical side increase demands on other joints and could lead to permanent joint damage. These side-to-side differences in joint mechanics should be addressed during the early post-operative period through additional interventions in an attempt to normalize the differences and potentially improve long-term joint health throughout the lower extremity.
P01-182 Neuropsychiatric lupus in an adolescent presenting with bipolar disorder with catatonic features

Case presentation We describe a 15-year-old African American female with a family history positive for Bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia who presented with symptoms consistent with an affective disorder. The patient was diagnosed with Bipolar I disorder with catatonic features and required multiple hospitalizations for mood disturbance. Two years after her initial presentation, the patient was noted to have a malar rash and subsequently underwent a full rheumatologic workup, which revealed cerebral vasculitis. Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) was diagnosed and, following treatment with steroids, the patient improved substantially and no longer required further psychiatric medication or therapy. Conclusion Neuropsychiatric manifestations of lupus (NPSLE) have been shown to occur in 80-91% of adults and up to 95% of pediatric patients with SLE. In the case we described, diagnosis was hindered by the patient's presentation of what appeared to be isolated psychiatric symptoms and her strong family history of psychiatric disease. Thus, given the especially high prevalence of NPSLE in pediatric patients with lupus, it is important for clinicians to recognize that neuropsychiatric symptoms in an adolescent may indeed be the initial manifestations of SLE.
An Experimental Investigation of the Innovation Capabilities of Undergraduate Engineering Students

Background One of the goals of most undergraduate engineering curricula is to prepare students to solve openended design problems. Solving design problems requires applying technical knowledge to create original ideas and turn those into practical applications. However, the impact of engineering curricula on the innovation capabilities of undergraduate engineers is not well understood. Purpose (Hypothesis) This study seeks to provide insights into the research question of whether freshman undergraduate engineering students can be more innovative than seniors. Innovation is measured in terms of the originality of the solutions they propose for an open-ended design problem, as well as the technical feasibility of those solutions for practical application. Design/Method Freshman- and senior-level undergraduate engineering students were tasked with developing solutions to a specific design problem (a next-generation alarm clock). Both levels of students used a modified 6-3-5/C-sketch method for generating concepts. A fraction of both the freshman and the senior students also received innovation enhancement. Resulting concepts were analyzed for originality and technical feasibility. Results Freshman students generated concepts that were significantly more original than those of seniors, with no significant difference in quality or technical feasibility of the concepts generated by the two levels of students. Conclusions Within the limitations of the study, the findings suggest that freshman engineering students can be more innovative than their senior-level counterparts. This motivates the need for additional studies to investigate the effect of factors such as skill acquisition and design curricula on the innovation capabilities of students.
Calibrating Your IntuitionCapital Allocation for Market and Credit Risk

Value-at-risk (VaR) models often are used to estimate the equity investment that is required to limit the default rate on funding debt. Typical VaR "buffer stock" capital calculations produce biased estimates. To ensure accuracy, VaR must be modified by (1) measuring loss relative to initial market value, and (2) augmenting VaR to account for the interest income required by investors. While this issue has been identified in the market risk setting, it has yet to be recognized in the credit risk literature. Credit VaR techniques, as typically described, are not an appropriate basis for setting equity capital allocations.
Mechanism of spin reorientation in ErFeO3

Abstract The spin reorientation ErFeO3 has been unequivocally determined to be a continuous and coherent rotation of Fe3+ ion spins. It is hypothesized that the transitions involved are higher than first order and occur by way of the magnetic space groups Pbn'm' → P2'1/n' → Pb'n'm in the direction of increasing temperature.
Eternal inflation with Liouville cosmology

Abstract We present a concrete holographic realization of the eternal inflation in ( 1 + 1 ) -dimensional Liouville gravity by applying the philosophy of the FRW/CFT correspondence proposed by Freivogel, Sekino, Susskind and Yeh (FSSY). The dual boundary theory is nothing but the old matrix model describing the two-dimensional Liouville gravity coupled with minimal model matter fields. In Liouville gravity, the flat Minkowski space or even the AdS space will decay into the dS space, which is in stark contrast with higher-dimensional theories, but the spirit of the FSSY conjecture applies with only minimal modification. We investigate the classical geometry as well as some correlation functions to support our claim. We also study an analytic continuation to the time-like Liouville theory to discuss possible applications in ( 1 + 3 ) -dimensional cosmology along with the original FSSY conjecture, where the boundary theory involves the time-like Liouville theory. We show that the decay rate in the ( 1 + 3 ) dimension is more suppressed due to the quantum gravity correction of the boundary theory.
The Chinese Human Genome Diversity Project

The Chinese population comprises one-fifth of the human species. The Chinese government officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups, one of which is the Han majority (1 billion and 100 million people), and the other 55 are ethnic minorities (totaling about 100 million). The latter are spread over most of China, but especially in the south. Close to half of the minorities are found in one of the 28 provinces of China, Yunnan. The distinction is primarily linguistic but corresponds closely to other cultural differences. The paper by Chu et al . published in this issue of the Proceedings (1) explores the genetic stratification of about half of the official ethnic subdivisions by means of microsatellites, a class of genetic markers recently discovered that has proved very useful for several purposes. The paper represents the collective effort of several institutes participating in the Chinese Human Genome Diversity Project (CHGDP). The broader Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) was generated in 1991 by the international Human Genome Organization (HUGO) and is regionally organized (see http://www.stanford.edu/group/morrinst/HGDP/html). The CHGDP has started collecting cell lines from the official ethnic groups and testing their DNAs. The 56 official ethnic groups do not exhaust current Chinese diversity, as there are more than 100 languages spoken in China, but they include the most important ones. Microsatellites are repeats of short DNA segments, practically less than five nucleotides long. They have a high mutation rate and therefore a large number of alleles, which makes them perhaps three times more informative on average than the most common type of genetic polymorphisms, single nucleotide substitutions, which are mostly biallelic. They are used very widely in genetic linkage studies and have begun to be used in evolutionary analyses (e.g., refs. 2–4). Thirty microsatellites were tested by Chu et al. (1) for reconstructing …
A mathematical analysis of a series circuit containing a nonlinear capacitor

This paper presents a mathematical analysis of a general series circuit composed of an inductance and a resistance in series with a nonlinear capacitor. The analysis is based on the assumption that the saturation curve of the dielectric material of the capacitor may be represented by a hyperbolic sine function. A 1-term approximation of the forced steady-state oscillation of the circuit produced by the application of a periodic electromotive force and bias potential is obtained. This one term solution gives the best ?least squares? approximation to the amplitude and phase of the steady-state charge and current oscillation of the system and reduces to the usual expression for the steady-state current, if the capacitor is linear. The method of analysis is a general one and is applicable to many problems of forced oscillations of nonlinear dynamical systems, both electric and mechanical. It depends on a procedure by which the ?mean square error? involved in the 1-term approximation is minimized. Several special cases are considered, and an estimate of the natural frequency of the free oscillations of the circuit is obtained.