cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Enhancement in Thermoelectric Figure‐Of‐Merit of an N‐Type Half‐Heusler Compound by the Nanocomposite Approach

An enhancement in the dimensionless thermoelectric fi gure-of-merit ( ZT ) of an n-type half-Heusler material is reported using a nanocomposite approach. A peak ZT value of 1.0 was achieved at 600 ° C‐700 ° C, which is about 25% higher than the previously reported highest value. The samples were made by ball-milling ingots of composition Hf 0.75 Zr 0.25 NiSn 0.99 Sb 0.01 into nanopowders and hot-pressing the powders into dense bulk samples. The ingots were formed by arc-melting the elements. The ZT enhancement mainly comes from reduction of thermal conductivity due to increased phonon scattering at grain boundaries and crystal defects, and optimization of antimony doping.
Processing Difficulties Following Commissurotomy in the Monkey

Split-brain, partial-split, and normal monkeys were trained to perform a nested match-to-sample task. Results showed that split-brain monkeys with visual information limited to one hemisphere performed more poorly than partial-split and normal animals. At the same time, when the split-brain animals used both hemispheres their performances were the same as controls. These groups were then compared on a color discrimination reversal task and similar results were found. Taken together, these findings suggest that the processing difficulties seen in one half of a split-brain animal are frequently more apparent than real. These studies rule out earlier interpretations that such defects are due to mass action effects. Rather, the poor performance by one-half brain is due to the interfering response made by the opposite hemisphere.
Attraction of Subterranean Termites (Isoptera) to Carbon Dioxide

Subterranean termites, Reticulitermes spp., were attracted to carbon dioxide (CO2 )i n laboratory and Þeld tests. In behavioral bioassays, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), Reticulitermes tibialis Banks, andReticulitermesvirginicus Banks were attracted to CO2 concentrations between 5 and 50 mmol/mol. In further bioassays, R. tibialis and R. virginicus were attracted to the headspace from polyisocyanurate construction foam that contained 10 Ð12 mmol/mol CO2. In soil bioassays in the laboratory, more termites foraged in chambers containing CO2-generating formulations than in unbaited control chambers. In Þeld tests, stations containing CO2-generating baits attracted R. tibialis away from wooden fence posts at rangeland sites in Colorado. For all of the CO2 formulations tested, termites foraged in signiÞcantly more bait stations at treatment fenceposts than in bait stations at the control fenceposts. By the end of the 8-wk study, the number of bait stations located by termites at treatment fenceposts ranged from 40 to 90%. At control fenceposts, termites foraged in only a single station and the one positive station was not located by termites until week 5 of the study. At treatment fenceposts, termites foraged equally in active stations (containing a CO2-generating bait) and passive stations (with no CO2-generating bait), indicating that bait stations may beneÞt passively from a proximal CO2 source in the soil. CO2 used as an attractant in current baiting systems could improve their effectiveness by allowing earlier exposure of termites to an insecticide.
Comparison of Columnar Aerosol Optical Properties Measured by the MODIS Airborne Simulator with In Situ Measurements

Abstract Airborne in situ and airborne remote sensing methods are used to measure the aerosol optical properties of a biomass burning plume which extended over the ocean during the Sulfate, Clouds And Radiation (SCAR) field experiment in the summer of 1994. The University of Washington Convair C131 in situ instrumentation directly measured aerosol characteristics such as size distribution and scattering coefficient at a particular altitude and also measured the optical depth below the aircraft by a lidar instrument mounted on the plane. Almost simultaneously with the C131 pass, radiances were measured by the MODIS Airborne Simulator mounted in the ER-2 NASA aircraft and used to compute optical depths and particle size distribution parameters. These were compared with the same measurements taken by the in situ platform. The effective radii derived by the MAS retrieval algorithm (0.06–0.08 μm) are consistently smaller than those from the in situ samples taken in this study (0.10–0.14 μm). The comparison of MAS optical depths and lidar optical depths measured from the in situ platform indicates that the MAS optical depths agree within the range 0.4 MAS
Accelerometer-Determined Physical Activity and Mortality in a National Prospective Cohort Study: Considerations by Hearing Sensitivity

Background Previous work demonstrates that hearing impairment and physical inactivity are associated with premature all-cause mortality. The purpose of this study was to discern whether increased p...
LIFE WORLD AND GLOBAL CIVILIZATION

The article is designed to demonstrate that the Western modern life world is constituted by the reconstruction of the natural environment in accordance with formal logical rules that are not derivable from contingent facts. Logical rules are selected as techniques in terms of their value to fulfill “needs” and hence to shape the environment into a “technical life world” that becomes globalized as “scientific” demanding that the life worlds of the others develop to become modern and technical. This means that the globalized technical life world is not a set of facts but signitive systems of logical, non‐temporal and non‐spacial vectors of “communication” taking precedence over the material‐productive levels of any society.
An O-plate compensated in-plane switching liquid crystal display

Pretilt angle effect on the dark-state light leakage and viewing angle of in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display is investigated. As the liquid crystal (LC) pretilt angle increases, the light leakage becomes more severe and the off-axis light leakage from the out-of-plane LC directors cannot be neglected. Introducing an oblique compensation plate (O-plate) reduces the off-axis light leakages from the crossed linear polarizers and the anisotropic LC media simultaneously which, in turn, improves the viewing angle of the IPS LCD
Transmission line approach of left-handed (LH) materials and microstrip implementation of an artificial LH transmission line

A transmission line (TL) approach of left-handed (LH) materials is proposed. The transmission characteristics of an ideal LH-TL are presented, the constitutive parameters of an equivalent LH material are derived and shown to be negative, and some LH-transmission paradoxes are explained. Next, a method to design an artificial LH-TL in the form of an ideal lumped-elements ladder network is described and illustrated with simulation results. It is shown that, in this line, left-handedness can be achieved without losses over an unlimited bandwidth, from the cutoff of the resulting high-pass filter to infinity, with excellent agreement with theory. Finally, a microstrip implementation of the LH line for microwaves, using interdigital capacitors and stub inductors, is demonstrated, with moderate insertion loss and a broad bandwidth of the order of 100%.
Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infections in Infants and Children

The recommendations for the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines in regard to diagnosis and treatment of gonococcal and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in infants and children are essentially the same as the 2006 guidelines. There are no new data on the diagnosis or treatment of neonatal chlamydial or gonococcal infections. New data on the efficacy of neonatal ocular prophylaxis are limited. Two recent studies from Iran and Brazil suggest that povidone-iodine may not be effective for prevention of chlamydial or gonococcal ophthalmia. Prenatal screening and treatment of pregnant women, which has been demonstrated to be very effective for the prevention of neonatal gonococcal ophthalmia, is the most effective strategy for preventing neonatal chlamydial infection.
Role of growth hormone in regulating lipolysis, proteolysis, and hepatic glucose production during fasting.

Context: Fasting is associated with suppressed insulin and augmented GH secretion. The involvement of each mechanism in the regulation of fuel mobilization during fasting is unknown. Objective: To ascertain the role of GH in the regulation of the rates of lipolysis, proteolysis, and hepatic glucose production (HGP) during the physiological daily feed/fast cycle and after 2 d of complete fasting, we used a model of selective GH suppression by the administration of GHRH receptor antagonist (GHRH-A). Design and Setting: We conducted an open label in-patient study in the General Clinical Research Center at the University of Michigan. Participants: Six healthy, nonobese volunteers participated. Main Outcome Measures: We assessed 24-h plasma GH concentration and rates of lipolysis, proteolysis, and HGP using stable isotope techniques after an overnight fast and after 2 d of fasting. Results: GHRH-A suppressed plasma GH by about 65% during the fed state (P = 0.015) but did not alter the rates of lipolysis, prote...
STRAIN AND REORDERING IN CaF 2 /Si(lll) EPITAXY

Strains in CaF 2 films, grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 700oC on Si(lll) subsrates, have been measured by MeV 4 He + ion channeling. For CaF 2 films thinner than 200nm, the strain parallel to the (111) plane is found to be tensile. No strain is observed for films thicker than 200nm. The observed tensile strain cannot be explained by a simple pseudomorphic growth model because the larger lattice constant of CaF 2 relative to Si should result in a compressive misfit strain. The tensile strain is an indication of the relaxation of the compressive misfit strain at the growth temperature due to nucleation of interfacial defects. If these defects are not annealed out as the substrate temperature is lowered after growth, the tensile strain can result because of the larger thermal contraction of CaF 2 compared to Si. The final film quality near the interface improves as the film thickness is increased. This indicates that reordering of interfacial disorder is caused by the strain energy accumulated during the cooling process.
Combining Livetext With A Mastery Approach To Meet AACSB Assessment Requirements

Program assessment is an active component of AACSB standards that involves the systematic gathering, analyzing and interpreting of data on degree program effectiveness. The standard ensures that business schools assess degree programs, recommend needed improvements, and implement changes ‘that represent contemporary theory and practice.’ Livetext is an online suite of tools that permit instructors to actively track and monitor student progress while capturing needed assessment data. In this study we examine the experience at a Midwestern university in implementing Livetext and a ‘mastery approach’ as vehicles to facilitate course level as well as program and university level assessment. The paper concludes with lessons garnered from the experience.
Computerized staged-freezing technique improves sperm survival and preserves penetration of zona-free hamster ova

Sperm cryosurvival was evaluated after a staged freezing program, compared with standard vapor-cooling. Fifty-nine ejaculates produced by nine proven fertile males were studied before and after preservation with glycerol or dimethylsulfoxide. Spermatozoal survival was assessed by after-thaw motility, mean sperm velocity (MSV) with the use of multiple exposure photography and by the ability to penetrate zona-free hamster ova. A significantly greater reduction in sperm motility was observed with the addition of DMSO in contrast to G (P
Imprinting to Olfactory Cues: The Basis for Home-Stream Selection by Salmon

The olfactory hypothesis for salmon homing, first presented by Hasler and Wisby in 1951, has three basic tenets: (1) because of local differences in soil and vegetation of the drainage basin, each stream has a unique chemical composition and, thus, a distinctive odor; (2) before juvenile salmon migrate to the sea they become imprinted to the distinctive odor of their home stream; and (3) adult salmon use this information as a cue for homing when they migrate through the home-stream network to the home tributary. This chapter reviews the evidence for olfactory imprinting in salmon. Two central themes are intertwined throughout this section: (1) the results of experimental replications performed by different investigators are remarkably consistent, and (2) many experiments were conducted in the field instead of the laboratory and thereby provide direct evidence that salmon use olfactory cues for homing.
HEALing Higher Education: An Innovative Approach to Preparing HSI Leaders.

This chapter is a case study of the Higher Education Administration and Leadership (HEAL) program at Adams State University. HEAL focuses on preparing the next generation of leaders at the nation's Hispanic-serving institutions.
The Porous Effect on the Bottom Instability Under Partially Standing Waves

In this paper, we extended Blondeaux [1], Liu, et al. [2] and Mei and Yu's [3] theories to study the porous effect on instability of rippled bed under the partially standing surface waves. Comparisons are made with both Blondeaux and Mei & Yu's theoretical predictions and experimental data performed by many other authors. We found that based on the linear instability analysis and the parameter regimes we explored the percolation effect can change the threshold conditions by 10 ∼ 20 percent and the seepage force is negligible up to O(∈). Furthermore, the steady streamings with or without porous effect show the considerable difference in intensities at the same locations and it might change the sediment transport rate especially the suspended load.
Dietary Calcium and Vitamin D as Inhibitors of Colon and Breast Carcinogenesis

Increased dietary calcium inhibited hyperpro-liferation of colonic epithelial cells induced by increased levels of dietary fat, fatty acids, and bile acids present in the colon of rodent models; carcinogen-induced tumors of the colon and breast also decreased with increased dietary calcium and vitamin D. A Western-style diet with increased fat content and reduced calcium and vitamin D produced hyperproliferation and hyperplasia in the colon and mammary ductules of normal rodents and dysplasia in normal mouse colon when fed for most of the animal’s life span. In human subjects at increased risk for colonic cancer, oral calcium supplementation significantly reduced colonic epithelial cell proliferation in most of the studies carried out including five randomized clinical trials, although overall results are not as uniform as in rodent models. These studies have now progressed to clinical trials of short duration that are attempting to inhibit the regrowth of transformed adenoma cells in the colon, although studies have shown that calcium is less effective in inhibiting the growth of transformed cells than of normal cells.
Study on the Correlation between the Skin Lesion Caused by Occupational Poisoning of Trichloroethylene and HLA-DR, DQ Genes

[Objective] To study the genetic background of susceptibility to skin lesion caused by occupational poisoning of trichloroethylene from the viewpoint of HLA-DR, DQ genes. [Methods] The alleles were genotyped at HLA-DR, DQ loci of the skin lesion(case)group and control group using PCR-SSP sequence specific primer method. [Results] Total 11 alleles and 11 serotypes at HLA-DRB1 locus were identified in case group whereas 13 alleles and 13 serotypes identified in control group. At HLA-DQB1 locus 5 allels and 7 serotypes were identified in both groups. The data of the distribution and frequency of alleles were obtained. Among these alleles, the frequencies of alleles, DRB1 *09(DR9)and DQB1 *03(DQ9)had significant difference between the case group and control group(P0.05). The OR (95% CI)were 0.174 (0.037-0.830) and 0.226(0.046-1.108) respectively. [Conclusion] The DRB1 *09 (DR9) and DQBI *03 (DQ9) alleles may be the protecting genes to skin lesion caused by the occupational poisoning of trichloroethylene.
Metaphors of Collecting in Late Nineteenth Century Paris

At the same time that Aby Warburg was assembling his library and organizing his Bildatlas Mnemosyne, art critics and writers theorized late nineteenth-century collecting in Paris in metaphoric terms. Over and again, art collections were described as a bouquet, a conversation, a book, or indeed as a painting in and of itself put together by an ‘amateur’. By creating an ensemble, the amateur proposed a metaphorical mode of knowledge similar to that celebrated by Aby Warburg. This article considers the ways in which the arrangement and spaces of the late nineteenth-century amateurs, as seen in newspaper articles, sales catalogue essays and other texts and photographs, positioned the collector of paintings, but also of drawings and prints and rare books, in contradistinction to the development of the museum and proposed alternative modes of viewing and of knowing. The interdisciplinarity of Warburg’s focus on image, word, orientation and action is paralleled in many private collections.
Correction: Photochemical etiology of promising ancestors of the RNA nucleobases

Correction for ‘Photochemical etiology of promising ancestors of the RNA nucleobases’ by M. M. Brister et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00639f.
Impact of chemical variability of ground granulated blast-furnace slag on the phase formation in alkali-activated slag pastes

Abstract The influence of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) chemical variability on phase formation in sodium hydroxide-activated GGBS pastes has been investigated using X-ray total scattering and subsequent pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. Crystalline phase identification based on reciprocal space analysis reveals that despite large chemical variations in the neat GGBSs the secondary reaction products are quite similar, with the majority of pastes containing a hydrotalcite-like phase. However, PDF analysis reveals considerable differences in short range atomic ordering of the main calcium-sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (C-(N)-A-S-H) gel phase in the pastes. Quantitative analysis of these local structural differences in conjunction with published PDF data identifies the important role calcium plays in dictating the atomic structure of disordered silicate-rich phases in cementitious materials. This study serves as a crucial step forward in linking GGBS chemistry with phase formation in alkali-activated GGBS pastes, revealing key information on the local structure of highly-disordered cementitious materials.
Detection of slump slides on earthen levees using polarimetric SAR imagery

Key results are presented of an extensive project studying the use of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) as an aid to the levee screening process. SAR sensors used are: (1) The NASA UAVSAR (Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle SAR), a fully polarimetric L-band SAR capable of sub-meter ground sample distance; and (2) The German TerraSAR-X radar satellite, also multi-polarized and featuring 1-meter GSD, but using an X-band carrier. The study area is a stretch of 230 km of levees along the lower Mississippi River. The L-band measurements can penetrate vegetation and soil somewhat, thus carrying some information on soil texture and moisture which are relevant features to identifying levee vulnerability to slump slides. While X-band does not penetrate as much, its ready availability via satellite makes multitemporal algorithms practical. Various feature types and classification algorithms were applied to the polarimetry data in the project; this paper reports the results of using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and back-propagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classifiers with a combination of the polarimetric backscatter magnitudes and texture features based on the wavelet transform. Ground reference data used to assess classifier performance is based on soil moisture measurements, soil sample tests, and on site visual inspections.
Effects of Road Density and Pattern on the Conservation of Species and Biodiversity

The development and presence of roads can reduce landscape permeability, lead to habitat loss, and increase habitat fragmentation. It is these fundamental changes in landscape structure that can have both direct and indirect impacts on the conservation of species and biodiversity. In this review, I examine 215 research studies conducted between 2011 and 2015 that explore the impacts of roads and road networks on a wide range of species. I divided these studies into four main categories: 1) the direct effects of roads on wildlife, 2) the indirect effects of roads on wildlife, 3) the consequences of road networks on wildlife populations, and 4) survey design and mitigation including both innovations and evaluations. I found that the majority of studies (38%) explored the indirect effects of roads on wildlife, including displacement, fitness consequences, and road crossing ability of wildlife. Nevertheless, despite there being a pressing need to understand how existing road networks impact wildlife and how increasing road density may influence local and regional population persistence, only 10% of the studies considered the implications of road networks on wildlife. However, there is an increasing trend towards the development of predictive models that can be used for a better understanding of road network impacts, assess landscape connectivity, and devise mitigation. This review also highlighted the continued need to devise and evaluate mitigation measures so transportation authorities and conservation practitioners may be better equipped to address the ecological implications of roads and proposed road development.
Artificial Neural Networks for Iterative Learning Control

As we have noted, the real usefulness of iterative learning control is for problems in which we wish to control the transient response behavior of nonlinear or time-varying systems. In this case it makes sense to consider learning controllers that also have a nonlinear or time-varying structure, such as the learning control scheme demonstrated in the previous chapter. A non-trivial question, however, is what type of nonlinear system should be considered. The class of all nonlinear systems is very large and it is not clear what structure would work best for learning control applications. One answer to this question is to consider the class of nonlinear systems called artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks, with their nonlinear structure and their ability to learn internal representations and recall associations, are good candidates for nonlinear learning control.
"Co-opetition, Capabilities, and Environments: How Do They Work Together in Shaping Firm Performance?"

We examine the performance implications of co-opetition (simultaneous pursuit of competition and cooperation with key business stakeholders) and how co-opetition and co-competence (simultaneous pos...
Teaching E-Business Communications to Executive Masters of Business Administration (MBA) and Human Resource Management (HRM) Learners and Professionals

Communication problems in today's business world constitute the cause for chaos, conflicts, and sometimes corruption on the behalf of employees and leaders when there is a lack in certain skills sets, ethical and logical reasoning, and overall understanding of the role and function of modern-day communications. Consequently, many communication problems can be prevented with proper standards and procedures. Many executive Masters of Business Administration (EMBA) and Human Resource Management (HRM) programs are now including business communications or components thereof communications and their program offerings. This paper will look at how technology has impacted communications in today's workplace, as well as how the skill sets of leaders, managers, and employees do affect the communication process. Therefore, a special emphasis will be placed on use of technology, use of electronic communications, and overall training of human capital in today's organizations. Finally, this paper will address how one university has approached the teaching of business communications with an emphasis on electronic communications in the workplace
K\"ahler Uniformization from Holographic Renormalization Group Flows of M5-branes

In this paper, we initiate the study of holographic renormalization group flows acting on the metric of four-manifolds. In particular, we derive a set of equations which govern the evolution of a generic Kahler four-manifold along the renormalization group flow in seven-dimensional gauged supergravity. The physical eleven-dimensional M-theory setup is given by a stack of M5-branes wrapping a calibrated Kahler four-cycle inside a Calabi-Yau threefold. By topologically twisting the theory in the ultraviolet, we may choose an arbitrary Kahler metric on the four-cycle as an asymptotic boundary condition. Along the renormalization group flow, the metric moduli are largely washed out, and at the infrared fixed point we will reach a Kahler-Einstein metric, which is the expected uniformization behavior.
Blending Journalism and Communication Studies

Much opinion has flowed in precisely the opposite direction, of course. The forced marriage of once-independent journalism and speech departments at many universities has inspired dark and mournful tales of decline. Journalism’s defenders argue that their profession inevitably loses its distinctive identity when combined with other forms of communication or media studies. Sometimes the profession’s defenders declare that any combination of journalism—whether speech communication or media studies or strategic communication— amounts to a profanation, a betrayal of the sacred trust upon which their craft was founded. At least once or twice, formerly combined departments have been granted divorces, in the name of restoring the purity of journalism education. Such debates are not entirely new, of course. Thirty years ago, the increasing application of social science methods to media studies provoked stylized debates between the “communicologists” and the “green eye-shades,” in which the theoretical knowledge (and cultural authority) of the Ph.D. was imagined to be displacing the street smarts of the former newsroom professionals.
Local Area Network Standards a Status Report

Abstract This paper reports on the current status of standardization efforts for local area networks. In particular, it concentrates on the activities of the IEEE Local Network Standards Committee (Project 802) and includes the results of the July, 1981 meeting. In addition, it briefly considers several other related standards activities being developed under the procedures of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
The Intestinal Virome and Immunity

The composition of the human microbiome is considered a major source of interindividual variation in immunity and, by extension, susceptibility to diseases. Intestinal bacteria have been the major focus of research. However, diverse communities of viruses that infect microbes and the animal host cohabitate the gastrointestinal tract and collectively constitute the gut virome. Although viruses are typically investigated as pathogens, recent studies highlight a relationship between the host and animal viruses in the gut that is more akin to host-microbiome interactions and includes both beneficial and detrimental outcomes for the host. These viruses are likely sources of immune variation, both locally and extraintestinally. In this review, we describe the components of the gut virome, in particular mammalian viruses, and their ability to modulate host responses during homeostasis and disease.
B-973, a Novel α7 nAChR Ago-PAM: Racemic and Asymmetric Synthesis, Electrophysiological Studies, and in Vivo Evaluation

We report here the total synthesis of B-973 (five steps), a recently identified α7 nAChR ago-PAM, its enantiomeric resolution, and its electrophysiological characterization in Xenopus oocytes to id...
What Is the Return on Investment for Public Workforce Programs? An Analysis of WIA and TAA in Virginia:

Decreasing funding and devolution have put public workforce programs under constant scrutiny by federal, state, and local officials wanting to get the most for their investment. Besides asking whet...
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Cosmesis in a Feasibility Study of 4-Dimensional Simulated Image Guided Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation.

Abstract Purpose Three-dimensional conformal accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is a treatment option for well selected women with breast cancer, despite reports of adverse cosmetic outcome with this technique. Dose-volume relationships may be responsible for this poor cosmesis. We aimed to determine the feasibility of limiting the exposure of nontarget breast tissue to radiation through smaller planning target volumes achieved through daily image guidance and 4-dimensional computed tomography simulation. Methods and Materials Eligibility criteria included the following: women, age ≥50 years, Karnofsky performance status score ≥70, stage 0 and I breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery, margins clear by ≥2 mm, pathologic tumor size ≤2 cm, and 4-dimensional computed tomography with planning target volumes of 0.2 cm rather than the standard 1.0 cm. A dose of 3850 cGy was prescribed in 10 fractions. The study was considered successful if ≥50% of enrollees met dosimetric constraints on the breast (V50 Results The study achieved its primary endpoint of feasibility of reducing the nontarget breast dose with a breast median of V50 = 31% and V100 = 11%. There were no recurrences and no toxicity grade >3. At baseline, fair/poor cosmesis was low (2.2%). By year 3, adverse cosmesis post-APBI had increased by 13.2% (to 15.4%). Patient decisional satisfaction was reached completely in 84.2% of patients. Conclusions This study demonstrated that with 4-dimensional simulated APBI that uses stringent dosimetric constraints and image guidance radiation therapy, it is possible to obtain acceptable cosmetic outcomes. We report no locoregional recurrences in 3 years and no toxicity grade >3. The observed decline in cosmesis was acceptable compared with that of prior published studies, and patient satisfaction with APBI was excellent.
A RARE CASE OF NON-ATHEROSCLEROTIC COCAINE INDUCED 8 CM LEFT CIRCUMFLEX ARTERY ANEURYSM: A MANAGEMENT DILEMMA

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) are atherosclerotic in origin, non-atherosclerotic etiology is rarely reported. Left circumflex artery is least commonly involved out of the three coronary vessels. We herein present a case of rapidly enlarging, 8 cm CAA in a cocaine user, complicated with thrombosis
Ozone and temperature decadal solar-cycle responses, and their relation to diurnal variations in the stratosphere, mesosphere, and lower thermosphere, based on measurements from SABER on TIMED

Abstract. There is evidence that the ozone and temperature responses to the solar cycle of ∼11 years depend on the local times of measurements. Here we present relevant results based on SABER data over a full diurnal cycle, which were not previously available. In this area, almost all satellite data used are measured at only one or two fixed local times, which can differ among various satellites. Consequently, estimates of responses can be different depending on the specific data set. Furthermore, over years, due to orbital drift, the local times of the measurements of some satellites have also drifted. In contrast, SABER makes measurements at various local times, providing the opportunity to estimate diurnal variations over 24 h. We can then also estimate responses to the solar cycle over both a diurnal cycle and at the fixed local times of specific satellite data for comparison. Responses derived in this study, based on zonal means of SABER measurements, agree favorably with previous studies based on data from the HALOE instrument, which only measured data at sunrise and sunset, thereby supporting the analysis of both studies. We find that for ozone above ∼40 km, zonal means reflecting specific local times (e.g., 6, 12, 18, 24 LST – local solar time) lead to different values of responses, and to different responses based on zonal means that are also averages over the 24 h local time period, as in 3-D models. For temperature, the effects of diurnal variations on the responses are not negligible even at ∼30 km and above. We also considered the consequences of local time variations due to orbital drifts of certain operational satellites, and, for both ozone and temperature, their effects can be significant above ∼30 km. Previous studies based on other satellite data do not describe the treatment, if any, of local times. Some studies also analyzed data merged from different sources, with measurements made at different local times. Generally, the results of these studies do not agree very well among themselves. Although responses are a function of diurnal variations, this is not to say that they are the major reason for the differences, as there are likely other data-related issues. The effects due to satellite orbital drift may explain some unexpected variations in the responses, especially above 40 km.
Expectations about re-entering the weekly cycle following disruption by familial death or holiday

In industrialized nations, patterns of behavior such as attending work or school are strongly predicted by the seven-day weekly calendar. The weekly cycle can be disrupted by unexpected events (e.g. familial death) or planned days off (e.g. vacation). Because the weekly cycle typically begins on Monday, people should expect others who experience disruption to re-enter the weekly cycle on Mondays in order to synchronize with the conventional weekly pattern. Study 1 examined expectations for returning to work after the death of a spouse, Study 2 examined expectations for returning to university classes after the death of a parent, and Study 3 examined preferences for Monday versus Friday holidays from work and from classes. All three studies showed an overwhelming expectation for returning to work or class on Mondays, and people explained this expectation by referencing time (e.g. it's time to get back to routine). Expectations of return times other than Monday were explained by referencing emotion (e.g. sh...
Monetary Policy since the 2007–2009 Financial Crisis

Monetary policy is one of the two principal means (the other being fiscal policy) by which government authorities in a market economy regularly influence the pace and direction of overall economic activity, importantly including not only the level of aggregate output and employment but also the general rate at which prices rise or fall. This article updates the earlier article on ‘Monetary Policy’ (link) to take account of the extraordinary developments initially triggered by the 2007–09 worldwide financial crisis and then following in the aftermath of the crisis. With short-term interest rates in most advanced industrialized economies at or near zero, soon after the crisis began, central banks have been forced to seek out new ways of carrying out monetary policy. In part these new policy tools have involved heightened efforts to influence market participants' expectations of future monetary policy actions. In other respects they have involved an expanded role for a central bank's asset holdings, rather than its outstanding liabilities which had previously been the main focus of monetary policy. Both directions raise important questions about how monetary policy affects economic activity and how best to carry out this important aspect of economic policymaking.
Endovascular Treatment of a Traumatic Middle Cerebral Artery Pseudoaneurysm with the Pipeline Flex Embolization Device

Objective Traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the proximal middle cerebral artery (MCA) segments are challenging to treat. We describe the management of traumatic internal carotid artery and MCA pseudoaneurysms with flow diversion. Case Description A 19-year-old man had sustained a gunshot wound to the head. Delayed digital subtraction angiography showed de novo formation of the left internal carotid artery ophthalmic segment and left MCA M2 segment pseudoaneurysms. We had initially performed coil embolization of the left MCA pseudoaneurysm. However, it had recurred 2 weeks later. We treated both pseudoaneurysms with flow diversion using the Pipeline Flex embolization device. The patient has continued with dual antiplatelet therapy of aspirin and ticagrelor. Follow-up digital subtraction angiography at 6 months showed complete obliteration of both pseudoaneurysms with patent parent vessels. The patient remained neurologically intact. Conclusions Flow diversion can be an efficacious treatment of traumatic MCA pseudoaneurysms in appropriately selected cases. The risks versus benefits of dual antiplatelet therapy must be weighed in trauma settings.
Concentrations, toxic equivalence, and age-corrected trends of legacy organic contaminants in Lake Champlain lake trout: 2012-2018.

Abstract Our study is the first comprehensive, multi-year assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) lake trout concentrations and trends in Lake Champlain (LC). Lake trout whole-fish, fillets, and eggs were collected over the 2012–2018 study period. Total PCB concentrations (395.7 ng/g wet weight (ww)) were the highest average concentration of any contaminant grouping reported in this study. Whole-fish lake trout modeling revealed highly significant (p
“We txt 2 sty cnnectd”: An African American Mother and Son Communicate: Digital Literacies, Meaning-Making, and Activity Theory Systems

This research demonstrated how an African American mother and son communicated with each other via texting and instant messaging (IM) at home. Data from a 2007 larger ethnographic case study of a f...
Physics, Instrumentation, and Radiation Safety and Regulations

Nuclear Medicine imaging utilizes unsealed sources of radioactivity administered in the form of radiopharmaceuticals; the ionizing radiations which accompany the decay of the administered radioactivity can be detected, measured, and localized with specially designed instrumentation. This chapter begins with atomic and nuclear structure, radioactivity and radioactive decay, and interactions of radiation with matter. This is followed by a discussion of techniques for detection and measurement of radiation, the design and operating principle of detection and imaging instruments, instrument quality control, and radiation protection.
Applying dimension reduction in modern data science and quantitative analysis

Abstract Researchers in applied settings are often confronted with high dimensional data spaces. While more data is generally considered a good thing, researchers may also be interested in learning the structure that characterizes the data space. In this sense, the goal of the researcher is to make the complex data space simpler, and thus reduce and project it onto a lower dimensional subspace. This paper highlights the impact of the code from my manuscript forthcoming with Cambridge University Press, to bring researchers into the applied, modern landscape of dimension reduction for solving real problems using open-source code.
Analysis of Streaming Flow Induced in the Tectorial Gap

Experiments with physical models and hair cell damage data indicate that a significant steady flow issues from the spiral sulcus under high intensity sound conditions. A mathematical model describing the sulcus streaming flow induced by waves travelling along the basilar membrane was formulated. Preliminary results obtained for the guinea pig cochlea reveal that the streaming flow through the tectorial gap is significantly sharper than the corresponding basilar membrane displacement envelope. The steady flow passes through the inner hair cell row; this suggests that streaming is a possible passive filtering mechanism.
DNA Microarrays and Gene Expression: DNA array readout methods

Once a DNA array experiment has been designed and executed the data must be extracted and analyzed. That is, the signal from each address on the array must be measured and some method for determining and subtracting the background signal must be employed. However, because there are many different DNA array formats and platforms, and because hybridization signals can be generated with fluorescent- or radioactive-labeled targets, no single DNA array readout device is suitable for all purposes. Furthermore, many instruments with different advantages and disadvantages for different types of array formats are available. Therefore, since accurate data acquisition is a critical step of any array experiment, careful attention must be paid to the selection of data acquisition equipment. Reading data from a fluorescent signal All arrays that emit a fluorescent signal must be read with an instrument that provides a fluorescence excitation energy source and an efficient detector for the light emitted from the fluorophore incorporated into the target. Currently, the fluorophores most commonly used for incorporation into cDNA targets are Cy3 and Cy5. These are cyanine dyes commercially available as dUTP or dCTP conjugates. Cy3 is an orange dye with a light absorption maximum at 550 nm and an emission maximum at 581 nm. Cy5 is a far-red dye with a light absorption maximum at 649 nm and an emission maximum at 670 nm.
Self-Focusing In SF 6

We show by explicit calculation of our previously published quasicontinuum model that the molecular susceptibility rapidly approaches zero as higher excited states of the molecule become populated. Hence the overtones of the ν3-pumped mode are totally responsible for the self tocusing effects in SF6. We explicitly calculate the ν3 ladder contribution to the susceptibility. Our vibrational model is a classical triply degenerate anharmonic oscillator in the Cartesian basis with the anharmonicity parameters chosen to be consistent with the latest spectroscopic analysis of the 3ν3 overtone spectrum. The rotational struc-ture is represented by a distribution of these oscillators where the distribution is chosen to correspond to the spectrum of the ν3 fundamental. We find good agreement with the 300K self-focusing data of Nowak and Ham at CO2 P(28), P(20) and P(10) in SF6.© (1981) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Chemical etching of silicon carbide ceramic surface in chlorine-containing gas mixtures

The results of chemical etching of industrially produced SiC ceramic seals in chlorine-contained gas mixtures with varying Cl 2 and H 2 concentrations, temperatures and treatment durations are reported. The etching progress was followed by XPS, which allowed monitoring the concentration and chemical state of the main elements present in the experimental samples. Due to preferable reaction of Cl 2 with Si rather than C, selective etching of the SiC surface can take place and a surface layer consisting of different carbon polytrophic forms was created. MicroRaman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also used for analysis of the films. Depth profiling of the created films showed a smooth change of C/Si ratio deep into the film and the absence of a sharp edge that would indicate a reaction interface. The adhesion tests of created films were conducted and demonstrated very high contact force between film and substrate.
Persistent common atrioventricular ostium

Abstract A case of persistent ostium atrioventriculare commune is presented. Forty cases have been mentioned or described in the literature, and about half of these were associated with mongolism.
Consolidation Properties of Wilkinson Basin Soils

The Geotechnical Test Area in the Wilkinson Basin located in the Gulf of Maine is a topographic depression laying within the 260-m (850-ft) depth contour and it encompasses an area of about 400 km² (4,300 ft²). This note reports on the consolidation properties of the Wilkinson Basin soils as determined from consolidometer tests. The study objectives were to determine the compression index and the coefficients of consolidation, to investigate the effects of using back pressure to assure 100% saturation on the soil being tested, and to develop predictor equations for the compression index in terms of other geotechnical properties.
Material Science of Carbon

Carbon is a ubiquitous material that is essential for the functioning of modern society. Because carbon can exist in a multitude of forms, it can be tailored to possess practically any property that might be required for a specific application. The list of applications is very extensive and includes: aircraft brakes, electrodes, high temperature molds, rocket nozzles and exit cones, tires, ink, nuclear reactors and fuel particles, filters, prosthetics, batteries and fuel cells, airplanes, and sporting equipment.
Forensic Analysis of Surface Indentations in Rolling Contact

The presence of debris particles in rolling element bearings can pose a major risk for premature fatigue damage on modern bearing components made from clean steels. A clear understanding of surface indentation characteristics and the associated particle that inflicted the indentation is essential for assessing the impact of surface dents on bearing fatigue life performance and for prevention of surface damage from harmful particles. A method for characterizing indentations on contact surfaces is proposed in this paper. The method allows for virtual regeneration of indentations on bearing raceway surfaces based on pseudorandom surface mapping of limited sample areas. The regenerated surface indentations maintain statistical signatures identical to the mapped samples and can be used directly as the input for high-fidelity fatigue life assessments. A set of forensic tools was developed from extensive finite element analysis (FEA) modeling on surface indentation processes and from simple particle entrainment geometry. These tools allow inference of the size of each and every particle responsible for surface indentations without requiring the full knowledge of the material properties and frictional conditions of the particles and counter-faces. The current results presented herein agree with both published test results and prior art modeling results. In addition, examples of applications are discussed to illustrate the usefulness of the tools.
π = Visual Cortex

Archimedes, the great scientist of ancient Greece, performed the first systematic calculation of the value of π, the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. Twenty-three centuries later, scientists continue to be delighted by π's appearance in new and unexpected areas of science. The latest is perhaps the most surprising: On page 1113 of this issue, Kaschube et al. ( 1 ) show that three distantly-related mammals share a common organizing scheme for neurons in the brain's visual cortex characterized by a density closely approaching 3.14 (π). The result offers insight into the development and evolution of the visual cortex, and strongly suggests that key architectural features are self-organized rather than genetically hard-wired.