cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Inverse Obstacle Problem: a Uniqueness Theorem for Balls

In the scattering of time-harmonic acoustic or electromagnetic waves, whether an impenetrable sound-soft obstacle Ω can be completely determined by its scattering amplitude (or the far field pattern) AΩ(ξ, k) given for all ξ^ in the unit sphere S n−1 at one wave number |k| and one incident direction k^ is still unknown. In this paper, we show that any ball in R n (n ≥ 3) can be uniquely determined by its scattering amplitude AΩ(·, k) given at two linearly independent incident directions k^1 and k^2 with one wave number |k|. We also show that two balls in R n (n ≥ 2) with the same scattering amplitude AΩ(·, k) at one direction k^ e S n−1 and one wave number |k| must coincide.
Cutting Edge: Immunoregulation of Th Cells by Naturally Processed Peptide Antagonists

Th cells recognize protein Ags as short peptides bound to MHC class II molecules. Altered peptide ligands can antagonize (inhibit) T cell responses to stimulatory peptides. Peptides generated by APC may contain peptide flanking residues (PFR), which lie outside the minimal binding epitope and can be recognized by the TCR. Our data show that PFR-dependent T cells were found to be potently antagonized by peptides that lack PFR and responded poorly to native protein or the immunogenic epitope delivered by a recombinant influenza virus. These data provide the first evidence that Ag processing generates both stimulatory and antagonist peptides from a single immunogenic epitope, an observation that may have important implications for T cell immunoregulation and autoimmunity.
Differential-wavelength deconvolution of time-resolved fluorescence intensities. A new method for the analysis of excited-state processes.

Abstract We describe a new procedure for the analysis of time-resolved decays of fluorescence intensity observed for excited-state reactions. This procedure is particularly valuable because it simplifies both determination of the rate constants of excited-state reactions and calculation of the emission spectra of the unreacted and the reacted species. These advantages are obtained without additional data acquisition, by the further analysis of data which would already be collected. As is usual for an excited-Slate process, time-resolved decays of fluorescence intensity are collected at wavelengths across the emission spectrum. Generally, one derives analytical expressions for the impulse response by deconvolution using the lime profile of the exciting pulse. We suggest that in addition to the procedure just described, the response observed at longer wavelengths be deconvolved using the response observed on the blue side of the emission. Typically, this emission is from the initially excited state of the fluorophore (F). Then, the derived decay lime is the decay rate of the reacted species (R). In addition, spectral overlap of the F and R states is revealed quantitatively as an apparent zero-decay-time component in the derived impulse response function. This is because the population of the initially excited state is considered to be the excitation function. This spectral overlap component is easily quantified, and allows the emission spectra of the F and R slates to be calculated. This deconvolution procedure requires one favorable circumstance, which is the ability to choose a wavelength at which only the initially excited state is emitting. We tested our procedure on the excited state protonation of acridine and the excited-state deprotonation of 2-naphthol. The former reaction is essentially irreversible, whereas depending upon pH the dissociation of 2-naphthol can be reversible. We demonstrated that this procedure, which we call differential-wavelength deconvolution, revealed the individual spectra and simplified determination of the kinetic constants from the time-resolved decays. Without differential-wavelength deconvolulion considerably more complex methods are required. We expect this procedure to greatly facilitate the use of pulse fluorometry methods in the analysis of excited-state processes.
BETWEEN A ROCK AND A HARD PLACE: PUBLIC HOUSING POLICY

A blog in May 2010 had as its headline, “Privatizing public housing—Obama’s ‘Shock Doctrine’ march to the right of Bush” (Rosenberg, ), after the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (H...
Autonomous Autorotation of an RC Helicopter

In case of engine failure, skilled pilots can save a helicopter from crashing by executing an emergency procedure known as autorotation. In autorotation, rather than relying on the engine to drive the main rotor, the pilot has to control the helicopter such that potential energy from altitude is transferred to rotor speed. In fact, maintaining a sufficiently high rotor speed is critical to retain sufficient control of the helicopter to land safely. In this paper, we present the first autonomous controller to successfully pilot a remotely controlled (RC) helicopter during an autorotation descent and landing.
Thermodynamic analysis of weak protein interactions using sedimentation equilibrium.

Proteins self-associate to form dimers and tetramers. Purified proteins are used to study the thermodynamics of protein interactions using the analytical ultracentrifuge. In this approach, monomer – dimer equilibrium constants are directly measured at various temperatures. Data analysis is used to derive thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy which can predict which major forces are involved in protein association.
An electron microscopic study of fetal capillary basal laminas of "normal" human term placentas.

Abstract Electron microscopic examination o f terminal (free-floating) villi o f definable normal human term placentas emphasizes the variable fine structural appearance of the fetal capillary basal lamina (FL). The FL assumes both a unilaminar and multilamellar configuration in each placenta examined; the multilamellar portions are usually composed of individual layers which tend to branch and anastomose. The constant identification of collagen fibrillar profiles between these electron-dense layers argues against the notion that the multilamellar portions o f the FL arise via a simple splitting or disaggregation o f pre-existing unilaminar FL's.
Approximated Structured Prediction for Learning Large Scale Graphical Models

In this paper we propose an approximated structured prediction framework for large scale graphical models and derive message-passing algorithms for learning their parameters eciently. We rst relate CRFs and structured SVMs and show that in CRFs a variant of the log-partition function, known as soft-max, smoothly approximates the hinge loss function of structured SVMs. We then propose an intuitive approximation for the structured prediction problem, using duality, based on local entropy approximations and derive an ecient message-passing algorithm that is guaranteed to converge to the optimum for concave entropy approximations. Unlike existing approaches, this allows us to learn eciently graphical models with cycles and very large number of parameters. We demonstrate the eectiveness of our approach in an image denoising task. This task was previously solved by sharing parameters across cliques. In contrast, our algorithm is able to eciently learn large number of parameters resulting in orders of magnitude better prediction.
Numerical methods at ESL: Part II

Summary form only given. Numerical methods, particularly their applications in solving Electromagnetic problems, have been very active at ElectroScience Lab., Electrical Engineering Dept., the Ohio State University. Part I of this talk will focus on recent developments in the frequency domain approaches. Specifically, we have been making significant advancements in the integral equation methods as well as finite element methods in the frequency domain. Topics that will be addressed in this talk will include our collective efforts on 1. Automatic mesh generation. 2. Multilevel FMM methods. 3. Matrix compression methods based on low-rank approximation. 4. Error estimation and adaptive finite element methods. 5. Preconditioning techniques in both finite element as well as integral equation methods.
Statistical Power Lost and Statistical Power Regained: The Bonferroni Procedure in Exploratory Research

The Bonferroni procedure controls the risk of rejecting one or more true null hypotheses no matter how many significance tests are performed, but permits the risk of failing to reject false null hypotheses to grow with the number of tests. The loss of statistical power associated with the use of this procedure is demonstrated, and two options for alleviating the problem are explored. Setting a less stringent significance level for the set of tests is shown to be less effective than increasing the sample size.
EFFECT OF HISTAMINE AND ESTROGEN ON THE GLYCOGEN CONTENT OF THE RAT UTERUS.

Intraluminal (IL) histamine and control saline solutions were administered to spayed rats to ascertain whether histamine could reproduce the uterine H2O and glycogen effects elicited by estrogen in 24 hr. Intramuscular (im) or IL injections of estrogen caused a 2–3% increase in H2O. This response was accompanied by a 3-fold increase in uterine glycogen. IL administration of histamine did not reproduce the water and glycogen responses evoked by estrogen. Free histamine produced no H2O imbibition, and the glycogen increase was only ⅓ of that effected by estrogen, while histamine dihydrochloride elicited neither a water nor glycogen response. Tissue sections showed that histamine-treated uteri had an increase in leukocyte content accompanying the small glycogen increase, while sections from estrogen-treated animals showed no leukocytic increase. Operational control procedures associated with the IL injections accounted for a 2% increase in H2O as well as a 20% increase in glycogen. Since, 24 hr after adminis...
Some two-point statistical properties of a three-dimensional wall jet

The effects of both a straight and a curved wall on the two-point space-time velocity correlations of a turbulent jet are documented. From the correlations, isocorrelation contours are constructed which allow a picture of the various flow patterns to be determined. Autoand cross-correlations of the fluctuating concentration field are also obtained for the different flow configurations. The confining surfaces served to radically change the flow pattern for the freely expanding turbulent jet. The velocity measurements are made with a laser Doppler velocimeter in conjunction with a phase locked-loop processor, while the concentration field is monitored with a laser light-scattering technique.
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis and Chronic Renal Failure With Absent-to-Minimal Microalbuminuria

We report the case of an elderly black woman with a 20-year history of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), chronic renal failure, hypertension, proliferative retinopathy, and classical histologic features of diabetic glomerulosclerosis on renal biopsy. Repeat determinations of urinary albumin excretion rates failed to disclose significant microalbuminuria. This presentation should remind the clinician that a small minority of patients with IDDM of long duration may have severe diabetic glomerulosclerosis and renal insufficiency without detectable microalbuminuria.
Identification of torsional transitions in the 5613 Å origin band of methyl tetrazine

Abstract The supersonic jet LIF spectra of the electronic origin band of the 5613 A transition of methyl tetrazine are correctly simulated by using a simple free internal rotor asymmetric top Hamiltonian. The experimental spectra recorded by Haynam and Levy are dominated by m = 0,1 Δ m = 0 rotation-torsion transitions. Using a state population distribution model which incorporates a uniform rotational and separate torsional temperatures the correct intensities are also obtained.
Striatal dopamine influences the default mode network to affect shifting between object features

Cognitive flexibility or the ability to change behavior in response to external cues is conceptualized as two processes: one for shifting between perceptual features of objects and another for shifting between the abstract rules governing the selection of these objects. Object and rule shifts are believed to engage distinct anatomical structures and functional processes. Dopamine activity has been associated with cognitive flexibility, but patients with dopaminergic deficits are not impaired on all tasks assessing cognitive flexibility, suggesting that dopamine may have different roles in the shifting of objects and rules. The goals of this study were to identify brain regions supporting object and rule shifts and to examine the role of dopamine in modulating these two forms of cognitive flexibility. Sixteen young, healthy volunteers underwent fMRI while performing a set-shift task designed to differentiate shifting between object features from shifting between abstract task rules. Participants also underwent PET with 6-[18F]-fluoro-l-m-tyrosine (FMT), a radiotracer measuring dopamine synthesis capacity. Shifts of abstract rules were not associated with activation in any brain region, and FMT uptake did not correlate with rule shift performance. Shifting between object features deactivated the medial PFC and the posterior cingulate and activated the lateral PFC, posterior parietal areas, and the striatum. FMT signal in the striatum correlated negatively with object shift performance and deactivation in the medial PFC, a component of the default mode network, suggesting that dopamine influences object shifts via modulation of activity in the default mode network.
A Novel and Simple Method to Assay the Activity of Individual Protein Kinases in a Crude Tissue Extract

Protein kinases and phosphatases play an important role in a variety of cellular functions. Thus, it is of interest to develop an assay system that can be used to quantify the activity of individual enzymes specifically in a crude cellular extract, is simple to perform, and is amenable to automation. Here we report on the development of a protein kinase assay that addresses these points and circumvents the pitfalls of existing methodologies. The assay is based on the high affinity and strong binding of streptavidin toward biotin-linked peptide substrates. The biotinylated peptide substrate is phosphorylated by the cognate protein kinase using [gamma-32P]ATP under optimal enzyme condition, and the phosphorylated peptide product is then captured by a streptavidin-linked disk. After removal of free [gamma-32P]ATP, the 32P incorporated into the peptide substrate can be used as an expression of enzyme activity. In contrast to the commonly used phosphocellulose method, only the phospho-, biotinylated peptide (and not other phosphorylated proteins present in the extract) will bind to the disks, thus giving a true estimate of enzymatic activity. In addition to specificity, this assay does not require the peptide substrate to contain basic amino acids or to be modified by the addition of basic amino acid residues as required for the phosphocellulose method which may result in altered specificity of the substrate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Leaders, Riverboat Gamblers, or Purposeful Unintended Consequences in the Management of Complex, Dangerous Technologies

Utilities' investment in nuclear-generating technology and prior earnings growth were used to predict variations in three measures of plant-operating safety. The pattern of results is consistent wi...
Specialty Choice Among Students Entering the Fourth Year of Medical School

In this article, the authors explore senior medical students’ specialty preferences and investigate factors that influence those preferences. The design of the study was a written questionnaire. The setting was a large, state-supported university-based southern medical school. The patients/participants were students entering the fourth year of medical school. One hundred seventy-six students (97% of the class) completed the questionnaire. Of those students, 12.5% were interested only in primary care, 43.2% were interested in both primary and non-primary care, and 44.3% were interested in nonprimary care careers. Most students considering both primary and nonprimary care careers were interested in general internal medicine or general pediatrics and subspecialties within those fields. Career choice was influenced most strongly by several factors—clerkship experiences, the fact that it fit with skills/abilities, physician role models, the challenge, and intellectual content. Encouragement from family and other students, prestige, and income potential had the least impact on career choice. Students interested in primary care careers valued providing continuity of care much higher than did those interested in nonprimary care specialties. The authors conclude that students’ experiences in medical school, particularly during the clerkships, have a significant impact on their specialty choice.
Lymphomatoid Papulosis in Children A Retrospective Cohort Study of 35 Cases

Background Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is a rare entity, considered to be part of the spectrum of the CD30 + cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.About 10% to 20% of the adult LyP patients will develop an associated lymphoid malignancy. Only a few cases of LyP have been described in children, and therisk of associated lymphoid malignancies in these patients is not known. Objectives To study the association between childhood onset of LyP and other malignancies and to determine the clinical characteristics in this subgroup of patients. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Referral center at a university hospital. Retrospective registry for patients with LyP of childhood onset (≤18 years). Patients Thirty-five patients with childhood-onset LyP (19 boys and 16 girls) were interviewed by telephone using a standardized questionnaire. The medianduration of follow-up was 9.0 years. All included patients were confirmed by histologic examination. Results The age distribution was significantly different, with boys having an earlier onset of LyP ( P = .03). Of the 35 LyP patients,3 (9%) developed a malignant lymphoma; all were diagnosed as having non-Hodgkin lymphoma . Compared with the general population, patients with childhood-onsetLyP have a significantly increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma(relative risk, 226.2; 95% confidence interval, 73.4-697.0). More than twothirds of the patients reported being atopic, which is significantly more than the expected prevalence of atopy (relative risk, 3.1; 95% confidenceinterval, 2.2-4.3). Conclusions Lymphomatoid papulosis presents similarly in children and adults, including the risk of lymphoid malignancies. Therefore, all LyP patients should be closelymonitored throughout their lives.
Kin selection and the Evolution of Mutualisms between Species

Hamilton's theory of kin selection has revolutionized and inspired fifty years of additional theories and experiments on social evolution. Whereas Hamilton's broader intent was to explain the evolutionary stability of cooperation, his focus on shared genetic history appears to have limited the application of his theory to populations within a single species rather than across interacting species. The evolutionary mechanisms for cooperation between species require both spatial and temporal correlations among interacting partners for the benefits to be not only predictable but of sufficient duration to be reliably delivered. As a consequence when the benefits returned by mutualistic partners are redirected to individuals other than the original donor, cooperation usually becomes unstable and parasitism may evolve. However, theoretically, such redirection of mutualistic benefits may actually reinforce, rather than undermine, mutualisms between species when the recipients of these redirected benefits are genetically related to the original donor. Here, I review the few mathematical models that have used Hamilton's theory of kin selection to predict the evolution of mutualisms between species. I go on to examine the applicability of these models to the most well-studied case of mutualism, pollinating seed predators, where the role of kin selection may have been previously overlooked. Future detailed studies of the direct, and indirect, benefits of mutualism are likely to reveal additional possibilities for applying Hamilton's theory of kin selection to mutualisms between species.
Opening the black box: Low-dimensional dynamics in high-dimensional recurrent neural networks

Recurrent neural networks RNNs are useful tools for learning nonlinear relationships between time-varying inputs and outputs with complex temporal dependencies. Recently developed algorithms have been successful at training RNNs to perform a wide variety of tasks, but the resulting networks have been treated as black boxes: their mechanism of operation remains unknown. Here we explore the hypothesis that fixed points, both stable and unstable, and the linearized dynamics around them, can reveal crucial aspects of how RNNs implement their computations. Further, we explore the utility of linearization in areas of phase space that are not true fixed points but merely points of very slow movement. We present a simple optimization technique that is applied to trained RNNs to find the fixed and slow points of their dynamics. Linearization around these slow regions can be used to explore, or reverse-engineer, the behavior of the RNN. We describe the technique, illustrate it using simple examples, and finally showcase it on three high-dimensional RNN examples: a 3-bit flip-flop device, an input-dependent sine wave generator, and a two-point moving average. In all cases, the mechanisms of trained networks could be inferred from the sets of fixed and slow points and the linearized dynamics around them.
Improving quality: yield versus test coverage

Until now, it has been thought that the best way to improve quality was to improve yield, that is, to improve the manufacturing process so that fewer defective parts are manufactured. This philosophy has been applied to all areas of manufacturing, from widgets to whalers. One of the tenets of this philosophy is that quality should not be tested in, but should be built in via a well-controlled process that is continuously improving. However, when it comes to semiconductors, significant improvements for a process in order to improve yields can cost millions of dollars. In such a capital intensive industry, where the life of a process is only a few years, such investments are often not in the best economic interests of a semiconductor manufacturer. How, then, can the customers’ requirements for quality be met? This article shows that for typical values of yield and test coverage, quality improves faster due to improvements in test coverage than it does for improvements in yield. As a result, testing can be used to achieve improvements in quality at lower costs, and therefore more economically, than improvements in the manufacturing process.
Expanding Biogeographic Horizons with Genetic Approaches

The last decade has seen tremendous increases in the variety and cost-efficiency of markers available to investigate genetic questions. Molecular markers have been used in a number of biogeographic studies; however, most of this work has been done by scholars in fields other than geography, despite the inherently spatial nature of questions many authors have addressed. This article calls for greater contribution by geographers to this body of work. We begin with a primer that reviews several of the most commonly used molecular markers available today. Next, we illustrate the use of those markers with biogeographic studies in two areas that have a long-standing tradition within geography: paleoenvironmental reconstruction and human-biota interactions. Finally, we identify areas where genetic approaches can greatly expand our biogeographic horizons, including collaborative work with geographers in other subdisciplines, as well as with scholars in other fields.
A Dynamical Analysis of Twelve Clusters of Galaxies

428 new redshifts for galaxies in the vicinity of twelve rich clusters are reported. The clusters observed, A85, A569, A957, A1069, A1185, A1750, A1991, A2063, A2440, A2589, A2593, and A2657, exhibit a wide range of optical and X-ray properties, from extremely luminous X-ray emitters with apparently dense central regions, to clusters which exhibit a bimodal or clumpy appearance in their galaxy and X-ray surface brightness distributions. Several of the clusters (and subclusters) contain dominant galaxies with multiple nuclei embedded in an extended luminous halo. The velocity distributions are discussed for each of these clusters, and dynamical mass estimates obtained
Laboratory Accreditation and Inspection

Clinical laboratories perform diagnostic testing in a highly regulated environment in which federal, state, and private accreditation agencies monitor the quality of testing processes. These agencies vary in the focus and stringency of their requirements, and differences exist among states. Continued accreditation requires regular inspection to assure quality of test results for physicians, insurers, and, ultimately, the patients being tested. Preparation for inspection requires understanding of the unique accreditation requirements for each institution, establishment of quality assurance and quality improvement oversight, and communication of each staff member's role in delivering quality test results for patient care.
Interaction of D,L- and D-tetraplatin with hyperthermia in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract The cytotoxicities of D,L-tetraplatin and D-tetraplatin were evaluated at 37°C, 42°C and 43°C at normal pH, at pH 6.45 and under normally oxygenated and hypoxic conditions in EMT-6 cells in vitro . The D-isomer was also tested in FSaIIC cells in vitro . Under these various conditions the pure D-isomer was very similar in cytotoxicity with the racemic mixture. Like cisplatin, both D,L- and D-tetraplatin were selectively cytotoxic toward normally oxygenated cells under acidic pH (6.45) conditions at 37°C. In both cell lines the cytotoxicity of D,L- and D-tetraplatin was markedly increased at hyperthermic temperatures. Under the same conditions platinum levels in EMT-6 cells exposed to D,L- or D-tetraplatin were higher than in cells exposed to cisplatin, and unlike cisplatin there was an increase in intracellular platinum levels when the cells were exposed to D,L- or D-tetraplatin at 42°C compared with 37°C. The tumour growth delay of the FSaIIC fibrosarcoma was the same for D,L- and D-tetraplatin. A dose of 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally of tetraplatin produced a tumour growth delay of about 4.3 days which was increased to about 6 days with the addition of local hyperthermia (43°C, 30 min) to the drug treatment. The tumour cell survival assay also showed no difference between D,L- and D-tetraplatin and a log-linear increase in tumour cell killing with increasing drug dose which was increased 1.5–3-fold with local hyperthermia. D,L- and D-tetraplatin were relatively much more cytotoxic toward bone marrow colony forming units of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (CFU-GM) than was cisplatin and this cytotoxicity was increased about 5–10-fold under hyperthermic conditions. There was an increase in DNA crosslink formation in tumours when hyperthermia accompanied tetraplatin treatment. Overall, D,L- and D-tetraplatin produced very similar responses under hyperthermic conditions in both tumour and normal tissues, and may be a useful agent in combination with local hyperthermia.
Business ethics and philosophical pragmatism

Today it is common for business people to refer to themselves as pragmatists. There is, however, at least one significant difference between business pragmatism and traditional philosophical pragmatism: the attitude towards ethics. In this paper we discuss several approaches business pragmatists have taken toward ethics in business. We then describe the approach taken by one philosophical pragmatist, William James. We conclude that, pragmatically speaking, philosophical pragmatism is the superior view.
Mitosis: New Roles for Myosin-X and Actin at the Spindle

Roles for actin and myosin in positioning mitotic spindles in the cell are well established. A recent study of myosin-X function in early Xenopus embryo mitosis now reports that this unconventional myosin is required for pole integrity and normal spindle length by localizing to poles and exerting pulling forces on actin filaments within the spindle.
The impact of stent graft evolution on the results of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

Objective There have been four eras in the development of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR): physician-made grafts, early industry devices, intermediary commercial endografts, and modern stent grafts. This study analyzes differences in outcomes between these four groups and the impact of device evolution and increased physician experience. Methods From 1992 to 2012, 1380 patients underwent elective EVAR. Fourteen different devices were used during this time. The four generations were defined as follows: era 1, all physician-made devices; era 2, June 1994 to June 2003; era 3, June 2003 to January 2008; and era 4, January 2008 to July 2012. Grafts used in each era were the following: era 1, physician made; era 2, early industry, such as EVT, Talent, AneuRx, Excluder, Quantum LP, Vanguard, Ancure, and Teramed; era 3, Talent, Endologix, Excluder, AAAdvantage, Zenith, and Aptus; and era 4, Zenith, Endurant, and Excluder. Results Mean age was 75.2 years, and 84.5% were men. Adjunctive procedures decreased from era 1 to era 2 ( P P P P P P P P P P Conclusions EVAR has evolved during the last 20 years, resulting in an improvement in efficiency, outcomes, and procedural success. The most significant advance is seen in the transition from era 1 to the later eras.
Phospho- specific recognition by 14-3-3 proteins and antibodies monitored by a high throughput label- free optical biosensor

Abstract Label-free detection of molecular interactions has considerable potential in facilitating assay development. When combined with high throughput capability, it may be applied to small molecule screens for drug candidates. Phosphorylation is a key posttranslational process that confers diverse regulation in biological systems involving specific protein–protein interactions recognizing the phosphorylated motifs. Using a resonant waveguide grating biosensor, the Epic™ System, we have developed a generic assay to quantitatively measure phospho-specific interactions between a trafficking signal-phosphorylated SWTY peptide and 14-3-3 proteins or anti-phosphopeptide antibodies. Compared with a solution-based fluorescence anisotropy assay, our results support that the high throughput resonant waveguide grating biosensor system has favorable technical profiles in detecting protein–protein interactions that recognize phosphorylated motifs. Hence it provides a new generic HTS platform for phospho-detection.
BladeCenter processor blades, I/O expansion adapters, and units

This paper describes the electrical architecture and design of the IBM eServerTM BladeCenter® processor blades, expansion blades, and input/output (I/O) expansion adapters and units. The processor blades are independent, general-purpose servers containing processors, chipsets, main memory, hard drives, network interface controllers, power input control circuitry, and local systems management. The blade architecture is robust and flexible enough to enable the design of general-purpose Intel-processor-based two-way and four-way blades, IBM POWERTM- processor-based blades, blades based on AMD OpteronTM processors, and common expansion blades. In addition, the processor blades, expansion adapters, and units use a serialized-deserialized (SerDes) interface for the internal I/O fabrics, thus giving blades the flexibility to support virtually any I/O protocol that supports SerDes. Support for I/O fabrics beyond the base Gigabit Ethernet is accomplished via optional I/O expansion adapters for Fibre Channel, Myricom Myrinet®, InfiniBand®, or additional Gigabit Ethernet. Additional storage or peripheral component interface capability can be added to the processor blades via expansion blades.
Analysis of cycloheptanone conformation from temperature dependent circular dichroism measurements of (+)-(3R)-methylcycloheptanone and (−)-(4R)-methylcycloheptanone

Abstract Conformational analysis of methylcycloheptanones was achieved by relating CD rotational strengths to conformational free energies. Twist conformers with C1 on the symmetry axis (TC1) were found to be more stable than those with C2 or C7 on the symmetry axis (TC2 or TC7). The free energy differences were found to range from 0.2 to 1.2 kcal mole . A similar analysis of (+)(3R)-methylcyclohexanone showed the equatorial chair conformer to be most stable, by 0.50–0.75 kcal mole .
Pitx2 deletion in pituitary gonadotropes is compatible with gonadal development, puberty, and fertility

This report introduces a gonadotrope-specific cre transgenic mouse capable of ablating floxed genes in mature pituitary gonadotropes. Initial analysis of this transgenic line, Tg(Lhb-cre)1Sac, reveals that expression is limited to the pituitary cells that produce luteinizing hormone beta, beginning appropriately at e17.5. Cre activity is detectable by a reporter gene in nearly every LHbeta-producing cell, but the remaining hormone-producing cell types and other organs exhibit little to no activity. We used the Tg(Lhb-cre)1Sac strain to assess the role Pitx2 in gonadotrope function. The gonadotrope-specific Pitx2 knockout mice exhibit normal expression of LHbeta, sexual maturation, and fertility, suggesting that Pitx2 is not required for gonadotrope maintenance or for regulated production of gonadotropins.
Commissioning the A1900 projectile fragment separator

An important part of the recent upgrade of the NSCL facility is the replacement of the A1200 fragment separator with a new high acceptance device called the A1900. The design of the A1900 device represents a third generation projectile fragment separator (relative to the early work at LBL) as it is situated immediately after the primary accelerator, has a very large acceptance, a bending power significantly larger than that of the cyclotron and is constructed from large superconducting magnets (quadrupoles with 20 and 40 cm diameter warm bores). The A1900 can accept over 90% of a large range of projectile fragmentation products produced at the NSCL, leading to large gains in the intensity of the secondary beams. The results of initial tests of the system with a restricted momentum acceptance (±0.5%) indicate that the A1900 is performing up to specifications. Further large gains in the intensities of primary beams, typically two or three orders of magnitude, will be possible as the many facets of high current extraction from the ion sources, acceleration of intense, low charge-state ions in the K500 cyclotron, transfer and stripping injection in K1200 cyclotron are optimized. A liquid-lithium cooled beryllium target system is being constructed to use with the high power beams (up to ≈5 kW) that will be available from the coupled-cyclotron facility. An overview of the design, construction and commissioning studies of the A1900 device will be presented along with some of the results from the initial exotic isotope production studies.
Present Status of Positive Scintigraphic Imaging of Myocardial Infarction 1 - Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest

(1976). Present Status of Positive Scintigraphic Imaging of Myocardial Infarction 1 - Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation: Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 401-406.
Metastatic uveal melanoma therapy: current options.

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in adults and the second most common type of primary malignant melanoma in the body. It represents 5% to 6% of all melanoma diagnoses. Metastasis is by vascular spread, and approximately 40% to 50% of patients with primary uveal m
Estimating Devils Hole Pupfish Lifestage Ratios Using the Delphi Method

Abstract Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis) is one of the rarest and most restricted vertebrates in the world. It exists in a single location in southwest Nevada and in recent years the population has fluctuated between 38 and 95 individuals. To better inform population dynamics models and decision support efforts, the Delphi method was used to iteratively query six experts on lifestage ratios of the species. Expert estimations for egg production changed significantly during the exercise. If experts do not reach consensus for a given parameter, it can be taken as an index of uncertainty and an area requiring more quantitative research. The Delphi method proved to be valuable when decisions must be made in lieu of empirical information but should not be used as a substitute for pursuing those data.
Alpha-Gamma Reaction

The cross section of the reaction ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{58}(\ensuremath{\alpha}, \ensuremath{\gamma}){\mathrm{Zn}}^{62}$ was measured as a function of the incident alpha-particle energy from \ensuremath{\sim}10 to 17 Mev. The cross section at 17 Mev is about 0.4 mb and decreases gradually with decreasing energy. The experimental curve is compared with calculations assuming the formation of the compound nucleus. Two different gamma-ray width formulas are used; one is Weisskopf's single-particle formula for electric dipole radiation and the other is obtained from the known gamma-ray width derived from photonuclear absorption cross sections. The former has about the right order of magnitude at the middle of the range investigated but behaves quite differently from the experimental curve. The latter shows fairly good agreement with the experiment, indicating the existence of the giant resonance. A calculation is also made for the reaction ${\mathrm{Ni}}^{60}(p, \ensuremath{\gamma}){\mathrm{Cu}}^{61}$ cross section and the results fit quite well again with the experimental cross section reported by B. L. Cohen et al., indicating the possibility of explaining the reaction cross section without the assumption of the "capture of the proton from the orbit." In both cases, the calculated values are too low at the high-energy side. This may be explained by some failure of the assumptions in the calculations.
Mode control and high energy operation of a multiatmosphere TE CO2 laser using a three-mirror resonator

Abstract High energy operation, without optical damage to the grating, of a narrow-aperture multiatmosphere continuously-tunable TE CO 2 laser using a simple three-mirror resonator is reported. Single-longitudinal-mode emission has been obtained by incorporating a low finesse etalon into the three-mirror resonator. An order of magnitude increase in single mode energy is reported.
Exactly solvable nonequilibrium Kondo problem.

We solve exactly a version of the nonequilibrium Kondo problem, which consists of two leads at different chemical potentials connected by a magnetic impurity. Using the nonequilibrium steady-state solution, a host of properties are computed: charge and spin current, current noise, magnetization, and susceptibility. Scaling of the differential conductance with V/T is shown to only be valid to leading order.
Thermoplastic fusion bonding using a pressure-assisted boiling point control system

A novel thermoplastic fusion bonding method using a pressure-assisted boiling point (PABP) control system was developed to apply precise temperatures and pressures during bonding. Hot embossed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) components containing microchannels were sealed using the PABP system. Very low aspect ratio structures (AR = 1/100, 10 μm in depth and 1000 μm in width) were successfully sealed without collapse or deformation. The integrity and strength of the bonds on the sealed PMMA devices were evaluated using leakage and rupture tests; no leaks were detected and failure during the rupture tests occurred at pressures greater than 496 kPa. The PABP system was used to seal 3D shaped flexible PMMA devices successfully.
Molecular cloning of the mouse ouabain-resistance gene

Abstract DNA prepared from ouabain-resistant mouse cells was able to transform ouabain-sensitive CV-1 cells to ouabain resistance after DNA-mediated gene transfer. The murine DNA fragment responsible for ouabain resistance was detected on the background of CV-1 DNA by virtue of a repetitive DNA sequence element that reacts positively with a mouse repeat DNA clone. CV-1 DNA is nonreactive with this probe. Southern analysis of several independently derived ouabain-resistant transformants indicates that the mouse ouaR gene is located on a 6.5-kilobase EcoRI restriction fragment. The 6.5-kilobase DNA fragment was initially isolated from a lambda phage library made from a ouabain-resistant secondary transformant and subsequently was subcloned in the plasmid vector pAT153. This plasmid was able to transform wild-type CV-1 cells to ouabain resistance at a frequency of about 10 cells per ng of DNA.
“I am a Worker-Professional”: Teachers and their Classes in Puerto Rico

This article examines economic and cultural capital in the lives of public school teachers in Puerto Rico across the last half of the twentieth century to examine the processes through which their class relations have formed and reformed with shifts in Puerto Rican political and economic conditions from the early days of United States rule through neoliberal school reforms of the 1990s. It traces the historical development of the “teacher class” as a female-identified, poorly paid, professional workforce, and examines the impact of class and gender ideologies in this process.
Effects of Carbon Fillers on Rheology of Polypropylene-based Resins:

Varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon nanotubes) are added to polypropylene and the resulting single filler composites are tested for viscosity. In addition, the effects of single fillers and combinations of different carbon fillers are studied via a factorial design. Each single filler and all the combinations of different fillers cause a statistically significant increase in composite viscosity. For synthetic graphite/polypropylene composites, the viscosity increase is due to a volume filling effect. Composites containing carbon black and/or carbon nanotubes show viscosity increases above those containing only synthetic graphite.
177 Molecular Systematics of the Green Algal Orders Ulotrichales and Ulvales Based on 18S rDNA Sequences

The traditional use of thallus morphology to define lineages within the Ulvophyceae proved problematic because parallelism and convergence obscured natural relationships. The advent of transmission electron microscopy led to a re-evaluation of groups on the basis of zoid characters. Within TEM-defined lineages, the Ulotrichales and Ulvales were considered closely related orders, and molecular evidence has substantiated this hypothesis. In our molecular systematic studies of ulvophyceous green algae, we have broadened taxon sampling among these two orders. We show that the Ulvales and Ulotrichales are indeed monophyletic orders. However, the phylogenetic placement of species in the genera Bolbocoleon, Ctenocladus, Phaeophila, Pseudendoclonium and Acroblaste indicates that one or more additional lineages, placed between Ulvales and Ulotrichales in gene sequence trees, must be recognized. These species may constitute a separate order (Ctenocladales) consisting of multiple families. Our findings will be compared with taxonomic concepts based on morphological criteria.
Calculation of coupling to the electron Bernstein wave with a phased waveguide array

Conventional electron cyclotron heating using the O- and X-modes to carry energy from the plasma edge to the cyclotron resonance layer is not possible for high density, low magnetic field devices (RFPs and STs, for example), since these modes are evanescent in all but the very edge of the plasma. As an alternative, we consider coupling to the electron Bernstein wave (EBW) with a phased waveguide array, the mouth of which is inserted to the vicinity of the upper hybrid resonance at the edge of the plasma. The calculation of the waveguide reflection coefficient is similar to the lower hybrid coupling problem solved by Brambilla, but the character of the plasma surface admittance is quite different for the EBW from that for the lower hybrid wave. Two models for the surface admittance are compared. In the first, the lowest-order EBW is included in the calculation, while in the second, the cold plasma model (which does not have any mode corresponding to the EBW) with weak collisions is used. The surface admittances obtained in those two models for parameters relevant to coupling experiments performed in the Madison symmetric torus (MST) are compared, and found to agree closely, despite the very different physics in the models. A significant asymmetry with respect to the direction mutually perpendicular to the static magnetic field and the radial direction (the poloidal direction in tokamak geometry, the toroidal direction in the edge of the RFP) is found. This phenomenon is related to the well-known up/down asymmetry in fast wave launch in the ion cyclotron radio frequency and to the up/down asymmetry previously reported for the fast wave in the lower hybrid radio frequency. The effect is very strong in this situation due to the density gradient scale length being much shorter than the local wavelength (violation of WKB condition) in the coupling region.
Acute monocytic arthritis

Five patients with the triad of fever, skin rash, and acute polyarthritis were studied with regard to synovial fluid analysis. All cases revealed inflammatory effusions with a predominant monocytosis. Skin biopsies from two cases and synovial membrane biopsy from one case revealed a nonnecrotizing vasculitis. Although the etiology of this syndrome was not ascertained, it bears striking similarities to certain viral arthritides. It also deserves consideration as a form of acute hypersensitivity angiitis.
Cross-balance sheet interdependencies of restaurant firms: a canonical correlation analysis

Abstract Using canonical correlation analysis, this study examined the interdependencies in investing and financing decisions of restaurant firms. The results indicated that the similar four cross-balance sheet interdependencies exist in the restaurant industry as identified by previous studies for different industries and companies in various countries: (1) maturity matching structure of assets and liabilities, (2) use of long-term assets as collateral for long-term debt, (3) use of accounts payable to finance operational assets (e.g., inventories and other current assets), and (4) concurrent use of cash and stockholders’ equity to manage risk. Additionally, this study discovered the unique financing features of the restaurant industry: (1) restaurant firms did not relate account receivables to short-term liabilities, and (2) they financed their operational assets with stockholders’ equity in addition to account payable. The findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of restaurant financing behavior as related to assets structures. This study also demonstrated the usefulness of canonical correlation analysis in extracting information related to financial management strategy.
An arithmetic, particle theory of fluid dynamics

Abstract A new, discrete dynamics is used to model fluid flow in a fashion recommended by von Neumann. Unlike other discrete approaches, the one developed here conserves precisely the same Hamiltonian as does the continuous approach. Laminar and turbulent flow are treated in a unified fashion and computer examples are given to illustrate a mechanism for transition from a laminar to a turbulent state.