cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The impact of positron emission tomography (PET) on expected management during cancer treatment: findings of the National Oncologic PET Registry.

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) performed during cancer therapy (treatment monitoring) has shown promise for predicting treatment outcome. However, when used for this purpose, PET generally is not considered standard care. Under the Medicare ‘coverage with evidence development’ policy, PET (and integrated PET/computed tomography) became a covered service for treatment monitoring if prospective registry data were collected. METHODS: The National Oncologic PET Registry collected questionnaire data on intended patient management before and after PET. Data were available from 8240 patients who had 10,497 treatment-monitoring PET scans at 946 centers; these studies were used to monitor chemotherapy alone (82%), radiation therapy alone (6%), or combined-modality treatment (12%). Ovarian, pancreatic, and lung cancers accounted for 37% of the cohort. In 54% of scans, the pre-PET summary stage was metastatic disease. RESULTS: If PET had not been available, then the pre-PET plan would have been other imaging (53%), ongoing treatment (41%), or biopsy or watching (6%). Change in the post-PET intended management was similar in the imaging and treatment groups: 26% to 28% of scans to switching to another therapy, and 16% to 19% scans led to adjustment of the dose or duration of therapy. Changes in management were more frequent if the referring physician judged that the post-PET prognosis was worse rather than improved or unchanged (78% vs 40%). The physicians indicated that PET enabled 91% of their patients to avoid future tests. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians often report plans to modify their therapeutic plans in elderly cancer patients when PET is used for treatment monitoring. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
TPD study of the interaction of oxygen and NO with reduced Cu/ZSM-5

Abstract The adsorption and desorption of oxygen and NO over reduced 103% Cu/ZSM-5 were studied by means of TPD and TPD-FTIR. The oxygen TPD patterns with adsorption temperatures from − 100 to 500°C contained at least three desorption peaks which showed strong temperature dependence. The results of 18O2-TPD and kinetic oxygen desorption-adsorption experiments revealed that dissociative adsorption of oxygen starts above 200°C. At lower temperature, oxygen adsorbs mainly in molecular form. The amount of oxygen adsorbed at low and higher temperatures correspond to the ratio of 0.15 O2/Cu and 0.17 O/Cu, respectively. The results of NO TPD indicated that about 80% of the copper sites are active for NO adsorption. The adsorbed NO can be partially desorbed as NO below 300°C. During the process of NO adsorption, some of the NO molecules react with ELO to form NO2 which can be desorbed around 400°C. The co-adsorption of NO and oxygen suggested that oxygen and NO compete for the same part of copper sites. These results indicate that oxygen adsorption, NO decomposition and NO2 formation happen at the same type of copper site which is believed to be the copper center bonded with ELO.
Psychometric Examination of the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality Among College Students

Resurgent interest in the relations between religiousness/spirituality (R/S) and health is evident in the scientific literature but much of the research fails to capture the proposed multidimensional nature of R/S. This problematic situation is compounded by the existence of a plethora of measures mostly lacking substantial empirical or even theoretical support. The Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS) was developed to address measurement confusion by providing a standard instrument for researchers investigating the dimensions of R/S relevant to health. Psychometric properties and factor structure of the BMMRS were investigated in a sample of 374 college students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a seven-factor structure for the BMMRS. Preliminary construct validity for the instrument was demonstrated. These findings generally support those of previous studies and suggest that the modified BMMRS is a viable multifactor measure of R/S for use with young...
Processing of “what” and “where” in auditory association cortex

Abstract The auditory system serves a dual function of identifying sound objects and localizing sounds in space. Where in the cerebral cortex are these dual functions of hearing to be found? Neurons in primary auditory cortex (A1) respond primarily to tones of a single frequency. However, several additional areas have been identified recently both physiologically and anatomically in auditory association cortex surrounding A1. More complex response properties are encountered in these areas of the auditory belt suggesting functional specialization. In addition, the anatomical projections of the different belt areas target more remote regions in parietal and prefrontal cortex that are known to subserve specific functions. Parietal cortex, for instance, participates in spatial analysis; different areas of prefrontal cortex are involved in the processing of space and object information. In humans, functional neuroimaging has made specialized auditory processing streams especially evident by lighting up cortical areas that are jointly activated during specific tasks. This article summarizes recent evidence from both human and nonhuman primates supporting the existence of specialized processing streams in auditory association cortex.
Production of Hatching Eggs by Dwarf Broiler Breeders Maintained in Cages or in Floor Pens

Abstract Reproductive performance of dwarf broiler breeder hens kept in individual cages and artificially inseminated was compared to dwarf breeders kept in floor pens and naturally mated. Mean body weight and egg weight were significantly greater for caged hens. There were no differences in feed conversion, hen-day egg production, or percent hatchability between treatments. Fertility of hens housed in floor pens was significantly better than hens housed in cages.
How well do single samples reflect rotifer species diversity? A test based on interannual variation of rotifer communities in Big Bend National Park (Texas, USA)

Studies of rotifer community composition and dynamics often rely on limited sampling regimes. To determine how well species richness is reflected in these studies, we examined interannual variation of rotifer species richness and monogonont community structure from 10 aquatic systems comprising four habitat types—springs, rock pools (tinajas), former cattle tanks, and artificial ponds—in Big Bend National Park (Texas, USA). Planktonic, littoral, and benthic samples were collected from all sites at about the same date for each of five summers (2001–2005). Our survey yielded 15 monogonont families including 30 genera and 84 species. Two bdelloid taxa also were designated. Species richness varied widely among these four habitats: range, 1–32; mean (±1 SD), 11.2 ± 8.0. Total Species richness in the habitats also varied considerably: springs (54 taxa) > artificial ponds (35 taxa) > tinajas (19 taxa) > cattle tanks (15 taxa). Sessile species comprised ≈13% of the taxa in our samples. Species turnover indices (STI) of these systems indicate low overall relatedness: mean (±1 S.D.) = 85.2 ± 7.1%. The relative frequency of encounter of most taxa in the four systems was low, with 79 taxa (≈92%) having values ≤2.0%. Singleton rates were quite high, ranging from 46.7 to 71.4%, with an overall mean ≈65.1%. Most importantly, we found that both species richness and STI varied considerably among habitat type. Species richness varied by 2–10× between consecutive years and STI ranged from 64 to 89% over the entire study. Our results indicate that rotifer community composition fluctuates greatly over time, and that rotifer community structure may be more labile than is generally believed. Species richness and thus biodiversity may be dramatically underestimated using single sampling or short-term strategies that are often employed in studies of zooplankton community structure.
Comments on “The growth crystallography of unidirectionally solidified Al—Al3Ni and Al—Al2Cu eutectics” by B. Cantor and G.A. Chadwick

Abstract The paper of Cantor and Chadwick presents data which they interpret to mean that growth of Al—Al 3 Ni is controlled by anisotropic growth kinetics of the Al 3 Ni phase. In this letter it is argued that the data allow the alternative interpretation that growth is controlled by considerations of mutual crystallographic compatibility. Both explanations are consistent with the bulk of the experimental data for this system, and it is unclear what experiments must be performed to resolve the issue.
Pre-eruptive varicella cerebellitis confirmed by PCR

The diagnosis of pre-eruptive varicella cerebellitis is usually based on a history of exposure and thus depends on a subjective clinical assessment. The confirmation of the diagnosis has traditionally depended on the development of skin manifestations of varicella and on varicella-zoster antibody seroconversion. Confirming the diagnosis of pre-eruptive cerebellar ataxia or encephalitis early in the course of a viral infection may save the patient unnecessary tests, procedures, or attempts at therapeutic intervention. A patient is reported in whom, after clinically suspecting a diagnosis of pre-eruptive varicella cerebellitis, the diagnosis was confirmed by performing polymerase chain reaction analysis of varicella-zoster virus DNA in peripheral blood leukocytes and cerebrospinal fluid. The patient developed skin manifestations of varicella 5 days after the onset of neurologic symptoms and 15 days after known exposure. In some patients with preeruptive varicella cerebellitis, polymerase chain reaction may be extremely useful for rapid confirmation of the diagnosis.
A Marketing Training Workshop for Industrial Trainers: Programme Planning and Evaluation

Trainers in industry are increasingly concerned about marketing their programmes in times of decreasing budgets. The author devised a one day training workshop, using a marketing approach to develop, implement and evaluate the training programme. Attitudes and behaviours related to marketing were measured before and after the marketing training workshop to use in developing future programmes.
Alterations in lipid metabolism associated with premolt activity in a land crab and fresh-water crayfish

Abstract 1. 1. The initiation of premolt activity results in an increased lipid content in the hepatopancreas of both Orconectes virilis (fresh-water cryafish) and Gecarcinus lateralis (land crab) and an increase in the lipid content of the abdominal muscle of O. virilis . 2. 2. The increased lipid content of the hepatopancreas reflects and increased incorporation of lipid precursors into both the neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions of this tissue during premolt. 3. 3. Although the ratio of neutral lipid to phospholipid changes following the induction of premolt activity, the fatty acid compositions of these two fractions are remarkably similar in intermolt and premolt animals. 4. 4. The increase in the rate of lipid synthesis which results from eyestalk extirpation is partially negated by the administration of a saline eyestalk extract.
Sobering future for physics at NSF

The 13-person NSF Advisory Committee for Physics met in Washington the week of October 19 to discuss, among other topics, the future of the Foundation, the physics budget for this year, and new guidelines for proposals. Robert A. Eisenstein, the new director of NSF's Division of Physics, discussed problems facing the United States and the perception that science and technology are the solution to these problems. Amajor challenge is convincing Congress that NSF can contribute to the solution of these problems, but not solve them entirely on its own.
Liquid He 3 . III. The Binding Energy and Other Properties at Zero Temperature

The binding energy of liquid $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ is estimated by separate calculations of the two-body and the three-body interaction energy. The two-body contribution is calculated by means of Brueckner theory, using a modified Brueckner-Gammel method. The approximation of a reference energy spectrum with an effective mass and quadratic momentum dependence is used for the input single-particle energy spectrum. The intermediate-state potential energies off the energy shell are chosen to be equal to zero, and the outer self-consistency requirement in the Brueckner method is neglected. A self-consistent solution is obtained, however, by the requirement that the input and the output energy spectrum for particles on the energy shell in the Fermi sea shall give the same two-body interaction energy.The three-body contribution to the binding energy is estimated separately by methods originally developed for nuclear-matter calculations by Bethe and collaborators. Only the $S$-wave is properly taken into account. Third-order diagrams are also estimated separately.For the Yntema-Schneider potential given by Brueckner and Gammel, we obtain a total binding energy for liquid $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ of -1.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K per particle, which is in general agreement with other calculations. For the Frost-Musulin potential given by Bruch and McGee, we get -2.0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K per particle, which is closer to the experimental value.Also, other low-temperature properties, such as the compressibility, the coefficient of thermal expansion, and the magnetic susceptibility, are estimated, with results in fair agreement with experimental values. The theoretical results are: 4.3% per atmosphere for the compressibility, $\ensuremath{-}0.10T$ (${\mathrm{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}\mathrm{K})}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ ($T$ in \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K) for the coefficient of thermal expansion, and $\ensuremath{\approx}10$ for the magnetic susceptibility ratio. The quasiparticle effective mass, or equivalently the linear term in the temperature dependence of the specific heat, cannot be estimated very well with our methods.
Self-System Therapy (SST): A Theory-Based Psychotherapy for Depression.

This article introduces Self-System Therapy (SST), a brief, structured psychotherapy for the treatment of depression. SST conceptualizes depression as a failure of self-regulation and is intended for individuals whose depression and/or premorbid functioning are characterized by particular problems in self-regulation. This article provides an overview of SST, including its origins in basic and clinical research on self-discrepancy theory and self-regulation, the hypothesized etiological role of self-regulation in depression, the primary components of the treatment, and comparisons of SST with other psycho-therapies for depression. The general structure of a course of treatment with SST is outlined, and a case example is presented to illustrate the goals and strategies of each phase.
Studies on Digitalis: V. Comparison of the Effects of Ouabain on Left Ventricular Dynamics in Valvular Aortic Stenosis and Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis

The acute hemodynamic effects of 0.50 to 0.75 mg. ouabain were studied in six patients with valvular aortic stenosis and in four patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. Left atrial and left ventricular pressures were determined by means of transseptal left heart catheterization and cardiac output was measured by the indicator-dilution technic. In the patients with valvular aortic stenosis, ouabain either improved left ventricular function or had no discernible effect on it, but in no patient was left ventricular function depressed. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure fell slightly or remained unchanged, while cardiac output rose in two of four patients. In the patients with hypertrophic subaortic stenosis, the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and mean left atrial pressure rose significantly following ouabain administration; cardiac output either fell or remained unchanged and the systolic pressure gradient between the left ventricle and the brachial artery rose. These actions of ouabain in hypertrophic subaortic stenosis are considered to result from a sustained increase in left ventricular contractile force that increased the obstruction produced by the muscular outflow tract.
Electron-phonon coupling and the electrical conductivity of fullerene nanotubules.

An expression for the electron-phonon coupling strength in fullerene nanotubules is derived within the tight-binding model. It is shown that the interaction of electrons with longitudinal acoustic phonons gives rise to intraband scattering but not to interband scattering; the reverse is true for interaction of electrons with transverse phonons in the tangential direction. It is estimated that under ideal circumstances, the electrical conductivity of metallic fullerene nanotubules could be more than an order of magnitude larger than that of copper.
Differential effects of paternal presence on pup survival in two species of dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus and Phodopus campbelli)

Abstract The effect of the presence or absence of the male, and of decreased ambient temperature (21°C vs. 4°C) on litter survival, pup survival and pup growth was measured from birth through day 18 after birth in Siberian (P. sungorus) and Djungarian (P. campbelli) hamsters. Siberian hamsters were not significantly affected by the experimental manipulations. In contrast, whereas 100% of litters and 95% of pups were successfully raised to weaning at 21°C by paired Djungarian hamsters, survival fell to 47% when the mate was absent and even further, to 32%, when the ambient temperature was lowered. No significant differences in litter size or pup weight at birth were detected between species at the warmer temperature. However, P. sungorus pups gained weight significantly faster through day 12 after birth (while dependence upon the mother for food was absolute) than P. campbelli pups under all experimental conditions. Although the species are closely related, these data show that male Djungarian hamsters are essential to offspring survival under conditions where Siberian hamsters do not require conspecific help. Species differences in metabolism and thermoregulation may account for the differential pup survival.
Constant stress intensity factors through closed-loop control

A new way of obtaining a constant stress intensity factor is achieved for any test specimen geometry subjected to closed-loop control loading. In contrast to using only load or displacement control the method draws on combined feedback from both displacement and load sensing, reducing the variation in the stress intensity factor by two decades compared to that if tested under constant load or displacement. A change in the signal mix ratio for a rectangular compact tension specimen is equivalent to changing the angle of a tapered compact tension specimen. This method can eliminate the need for the use of ‘complex’ geometries or for geometries in which measured crack lengths are used in conjunction with a computer or some other means to adjust the loading continuously for achieving a constant stress intensity factor.
Using culture and the intersubjective perspective as a resource: A case study of an African-American couple

In this article a White Jewish-American therapist shares what she learned from her work with an African-American couple using a semi-structured protocol for planned short-term marital therapy. Twenty-eight months after the original treatment, the author met again with the couple for an audiotaped follow-up interview. Marital satisfaction for both partners was tracked with an Index of Marital Satisfaction over the course of the treatment and the follow-up process. The empirical findings augment the story of the couple and the therapist. During the middle phase, the therapy reached an impasse. With the goal of creating a cognitive shift, the therapist used the couple's culture as a resource for therapeutic change. The cultural metaphor is considered as the vital step in overcoming the treatment impasse. The major finding is that cultural responsiveness does not end with the engagement and assessment of clients. The culture of the clients and the culture of the therapist provide powerful metaphors and rich resources to introduce change possibilities. With this couple, when culture was combined with an appreciation of the intersubjective meanings for both clients and therapist, culturally responsive and effective therapy became possible.
NF-κB mediates apoptosis through FAS/FASL transcriptional activation in kupffer cells

Abstract Introduction. NF-κB is a key transcriptional factor for cell survival, inflammation, and immune response. We demonstrated Kupffer cell-derived FasL plays a critical role in pancreatitis-induced liver injury. The aim of this study was to determine the role of NF-κB in regulating death ligand/receptor pathway in Kupffer cells during conditions that mimic acute pancreatitis. Methods. Tissue cultures of rat Kupffer cells were treated with elastase (1 U/L) to mimic pancreatitis before and after transfection with AdIκB, which blocks activation of NF-κB. Transfection with AdLuc served as control. TNF (ELISA), Fas/FasL, and caspase-3 (Western), TNF and Fas/FasL mRNA (RT-PCR), and NF-κB DNA binding activity (EMSA) were determined. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL and DNA fragmentation. Gels were quantified by densitometry. Data (n = 3) are mean ± SEM; Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results. Transfection with AdIκB attenuated the elastase-induced up regulation of Fas/FasL (Table, ∗all P Download : Download full-size image
Ovarian polymorphism in relation to reproductive diversity and associated histological and histochemical attributes in some sporophagous tubuliferan thysanoptera

Ovarian polymorphism involving oviparity, ovoviviparity and viviparity is discussed in relation to sporophagous species such asTiarothrips subramanii (Ramk.),Elaphrothrips denticollis (Bagnall) andBacterothrips idolomorphus Karny alongside with the comparative histology and histochemistry of polymorphic ovaries.
Selective filtering in PIXE spectrometry

Abstract The Bartol Research Institute's PIXE facility has made extensive use of selective filters in the study of compositional patterns in archaeological artifacts. The purpose of such filtering is to reduce the intensity of the primary X-rays by up to two orders of magnitude. This allows for an equivalent increase in the beam current and a corresponding reduction in the detection limits for the higher Z trace elements. In this report we bring together all the filter combinations we currently use and discuss their purpose and effectiveness.
NilmDB: The Non-Intrusive Load Monitor Database

This paper presents NilmDB, a comprehensive framework designed to solve the “big data” problem of non-intrusive load monitoring and diagnostics. It provides the central component of a flexible, distributed architecture for the storage, transfer, manipulation, and analysis of time-series data. NilmDB is network-transparent and facilitates remote viewing and management of large data sets by utilizing efficient data reduction and indexing techniques.
Probabilistic simulation for reliability analysis of CMOS VLSI circuits

A current-estimation approach to support the analysis of electromigration (EM) failures in power supply and ground buses of CMOS VLSI circuits is discussed. It uses the original concept of probabilistic simulation to efficiently generate accurate estimates of the expected current waveform required for electromigration analysis. Thus, the approach is pattern-independent and relieves the designer of the tedious task of specifying logical input waveforms. This approach has been implemented in the program CREST (current estimator) which has shown excellent accuracy and dramatic speedups compared with traditional approaches. The approach and its implementation are described, and the results of numerous CREST runs on real circuits are presented. >
The evolution of the structure of quantum size effect Pb nanocrystals on Si(1 1 1) 7×7

We have carried out diffuse X-ray scattering measurements of the growth of Pb nanocrystalline islands on Si(1 1 1). Analysis of our data shows that islands growing on an initially rough wetting layer transforms the portion of the wetting layer below them into ordered fcc sites. Therefore, the islands grow directly on top of the Si surface with a disordered wetting layer occupying the region between the islands and, consequently, the island height responsible for the quantum well depth is one layer thicker than reported by LEED and STM. These islands have an extremely good vertical order until the islands coalesce into a closed film. At that point the disorder of the film increases consistent with misfit strain relaxation.
The marketing of political candidates

While the controversy concerning the validity and purpose of broadening the concept of marketing is still an ongoing one, the present article focuses on the field of political marketing and compares its historical development with that of American business. In doing so, it is shown that political marketing, viz., the process by which political candidates and ideas are targeted at the voters in order to satisfy their political needs and thus gain their support, has gone through the stages of (1) candidate orientation. (2) sales-management orientation, and is presently experiencing a transition to a (3) marketing concept orientation. These orientations parallel the development in the orientation of American business from product to sales to marketing focus. In addition, the article also suggests that marketing and political marketing share many basic concepts and tools. Consequently, it is concluded that political marketing should be included within the boundaries of the existing marketing theory.
HOUSING SEGREGATION IN THE SCHOOL AGE POPULATION AND THE LINK BETWEEN HOUSING AND SCHOOL SEGREGATION: A ST. LOUIS CASE STUDY

The age distributions of the black and white populations vary, as do the ways in which blacks and whites of differing ages are distributed geographically in metropolitan areas. The nature of these differences is such that, in racially mixed neighborhoods, black families with children are often mixed with childless or elderly white adults. For this reason, it is hypothesized that the school-age (5 to 17 years of age) population is more residentially segregated by race than is the total population. To test this hypothesis, segregation indices based on census tract data were computed for the St. Louis SMSA for 1980, for the total population and the school-age population. This analysis confirmed that the school-age population was somewhat more segregated than the total population. The implications of this finding for the problem of school segregation are discussed, as is the interrelationship between housing segregation and school segregation.
Bayesian model fusion: a statistical framework for efficient pre-silicon validation and post-silicon tuning of complex analog and mixed-signal circuits

In this paper, we describe a novel statistical framework, referred to as Bayesian Model Fusion (BMF), that allows us to minimize the simulation and/or measurement cost for both pre-silicon validation and post-silicon tuning of analog and mixed-signal (AMS) circuits with consideration of large-scale process variations. The BMF technique is motivated by the fact that today's AMS design cycle typically spans multiple stages (e.g., schematic design, layout design, first tape-out, second tape-out, etc.). Hence, we can reuse the simulation and/or measurement data collected at an early stage to facilitate efficient validation and tuning of AMS circuits with a minimal amount of data at the late stage. The efficacy of BMF is demonstrated by using several industrial circuit examples.
A semiempirical extension of polyelectrolyte theory to the treatment of oligoelectrolytes: Application to oligonucleotide helix‐coil transitions

The interaction of counterions with a suitably long, charged oligomer appears susceptible to treatment in the context of polyelectrolyte theory by the introduction of an end-effect parameter that reflects the reduced association of counterions with the terminal regions of the oligo-ion. Use of a physically reasonable value for the end-effect parameter provides excellent agreement between theory and the experimental data of Elson, Scheffler, and Baldwin [J. Mol. Biol.54, 401–415 (1970)] on the dependences of melting temperature on salt concentration and chain length for a series of hairpin helices formed by d(TA) oligomers. The differences in behavior expected for hairpin, dimer, and oligomer-polymer helices are discussed. The salt dependence of the end-joining equilibrium investigated for λ DNA by Wang and Davidson [Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol.33, 409–415 (1968)] is treated as an oligomer–polymer interconversion. The dependence of equilibrium constant for this reaction on counterion concentration is in good agreement with that predicted by theory for an end-region totalling 24 nucleotides, the known length of the λ ends.
Active constrained layer damping treatments for shell structures: a deep-shell theory, some intuitive results, and an energy analysis

This paper studies vibration control of a shell structure through use of an active constrained layer (ACL) damping treatment. A deep-shell theory that assumes arbitrary Lame parameters and is first developed. Application of Hamilton's principle leads to the governing Love equations, the charge equation of electrostatics, and the associated boundary conditions. The Love equations and boundary conditions imply that the control action of the ACL for shell treatments consists of two components: free-end boundary actuation and membrane actuation. The free-end boundary actuation is identical to that of beam and plate ACL treatments, while the membrane actuation is unique to shell treatments as a result of the curvatures of the shells. In particular, the membrane actuation may reinforce or counteract the boundary actuation, depending on the location of the ACL treatment. Finally, an energy analysis is developed to determine the proper control law that guarantees the stability of ACL shell treatments. Moreover, the energy analysis results in a simple rule predicting whether or not the membrane actuation reinforces the boundary actuation.
The Capitalist Labour-Process and the Body in Pain: The Corporeal Depths of Marx's Concept of Immiseration

One of the most common critiques of Marx is that he mistook the birth pangs of capitalism for its death throes, on the basis of which he made the completely erroneous prediction of the increasing immiseration of the working class – a critique that rather superficially reduces immiseration to a simple matter of standard of living. The goal of this essay, however, is to expose the corporeal depths of Marx's notion of immiseration, and, in so doing, to show that immiseration is by no means a long-since disappeared attribute of early capitalism. To do so, I reread the chapters on surplus-value in Capital by following the corporeal leitmotifs suggested in Franz Kafka's short story, 'In the Penal Colony'. Kafka's narration of the condemned learning the meaning of his fate through the corporeal experience of wounding evokes Marx's very graphic narration in Capital of workers experiencing exploitation and immiseration on their own bodies. Raising themes found later in Kafka's narrative, Marx tells of the arranging of the entire workplace 'under the command of capital', of the design and employment of technology both to secure that command and to extract surplus-value; and he shows how capital, like Kafka's torture machine, writes its messages on the body of labour in a script not immediately decipherable by observers. The history that Marx tells in Capital is less graphic in form than Kafka's, but it is in content at least as fantastic and horrific – perhaps even more so. Their common concern with machines painfully inscribing bodies helps to highlight the corporeal dimension of Marx's concept of immiseration.
How Are Previous Physical Activity and Self-Efficacy Related to Future Physical Activity and Self-Efficacy?

Self-efficacy (SE) has been found to be a robust predictor of success in achieving physical activity (PA) goals. While much of the current research has focused on SE as a trait, SE as a state has received less attention. Using day-to-day measurements obtained over 84 days, we examined the relationship between state SE and PA. Postmenopausal women (n = 71) participated in a 12-week PA intervention administered via cell phone and monitored their daily PA using a pedometer. At the end of each day, they reported their state SE and number of steps. Using a longitudinal model, state SE was found to be a robust predictor of PA even after accounting for trait SE and other covariates. The findings offer insights about the temporal relationship between SE and PA over the course of an intervention, which can be of interest to researchers and intervention designers.
Quasi-isochronous buckets in storage rings

Abstract In order to maintain a reasonable r.f. system, it may be necessary for a collider with ultra-short bunches to operate with a small slippage factor, for example, η −6 for all the particles in the bunches. The buckets dominated by the zeroth order, first order, or second order of η are examined, and the required r.f. voltages are computed. The problem of microwave instability is addressed. The reliability of computing higher-order momentum-compaction factor using lattice codes is examined.
Abstract C143: Overcoming melanoma dual resistance to Vemurafenib and adoptive immunotherapy by chromatin remodeling drug.

BRAFV600E-inhibitors (BRAFi) and modern immune-based therapies have significantly improved the care of melanoma patients. We developed an in vitro model to determine whether tumor resistance mechanisms to this small molecule inhibitor of a driver oncogene and to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-delivered apoptotic death signals were exclusive or intersecting. We generated melanoma sublines resistant to BRAFi Vemurafenib and to CTL recognizing the MART-1 melanoma antigen. Vemurafenib-resistant (VemR) sublines were cross-resistant to MART CTL indicating a common apoptotic pathway governing response to both modalities was disrupted. Pretreatment of VemR melanomas with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) restored sensitivity to MART CTL apoptosis. These findings suggest that aberrant apoptotic pathways, amenable by a chromatin remodeling drug, regulate tumor resistance mechanisms and identify potential obstacles and solutions for combining these therapies clinically. TModulation of apoptotic machinery by inclusion of HDACi in BRAFV600E targeted therapy protocols as adjuvant will sensitize VemR (also CTL cross-resistant) human melanomas to immunotherapy. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):C143. Citation Format: Ali R. Jazirehi, Ramin Nazarian, Antonio Javier Toress-Collado, James S. Economou. Overcoming melanoma dual resistance to Vemurafenib and adoptive immunotherapy by chromatin remodeling drug. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2013 Oct 19-23; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2013;12(11 Suppl):Abstract nr C143.
Quality in Surgical Pathology Communication and Reporting

Context.—Communication in surgical pathology is complex and includes multiple facets. Objective.—To discuss different aspects of pathology practice that represent quality communication in surgical ...
Triplet—triplet absorption spectra of alternant hydrocarbons within the grand canonical time-dependent hartree—fock approximation☆

Abstract Triplet—triplet excitation energies and transition moments have been calculated for some alternant hydrocarbons by the grand canonical time-dependent Hartree—Fock approximation within the Pariser—Parr—Pople model. The main features of the experimental spectra are found to be reproduced more consistently in this scheme than in previously applied models.
Assessment of portal vein patency: Pitfalls and problems in diagnostic comparative studies

The accuracy of ultrasound assessment of portal vein patency has been defined by comparing it with the results of arterial portography in 115 cases. The accuracy of arterial portography was confirmed in 21 cases where orthotopic liver transplantation was performed and used as a “benchmark” against which to assess the ultrasound findings. Ultrasound correctly assessed portal vein patency in 87.5% of patients. It was more accurate in assessing patency (90%) than occlusion (68%). Ultrasound correctly assessed portal vein patency in 90% of cases of cirrhosis and hepatic malignancy. Difficulties occurred in children with biliary atresia particularly following the Kasai operation (37.5% accuracy). In the absence of previous surgery to the portal vein or biliary system, ultrasound is comparable to arterial portography and can be used as the sole means of assessment.
Relevant deduction and minimally inconsistent sets

Some valid arguments contain premisses that are inessential for establishing the truth of the conclusion by deduction. I shall offer an analysis of relevant deduction in which all of the premisses are essential. Different conceptions of relevance have concerned philosophers and logicians, so it is important to have a clear preanalytic conception in order to test the success of the analysis.~ The concept of relevance I shall attempt to explicate is the following: a relevant deductive argument is a valid argument in which knowledge of the truth of each and every premiss is required to establish the truth of the conclusion by deduction from the premisses.
Proteome profile of the MCF7 cancer cell line: a mass spectrometric evaluation

The development of novel proteomic technologies that will enable the discovery of disease specific biomarkers is essential in the clinical setting to facilitate early diagnosis and increase survivability rates. We are reporting a shotgun two-dimensional (2D) strong cationic exchange/reversed-phase liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SCX/RPLC/ESI-MS/MS) protocol for the analysis of proteomic constituents in cancerous cells. The MCF7 breast cancer cell line was chosen as a model system. A series of optimization steps were performed to improve the LC/MS experimental setup, sample preparation, data acquisition and database search protocols, and a data filtering strategy was developed to enable confident identification of a large number of proteins and potential biomarkers. This research has resulted in the identification of >2000 proteins using multiple filtering and p-value sorting. Approximately 1600-1900 proteins had p or=2 unique peptides. Alternatively, >99% of the proteins identified by >or=2 unique peptides had p or=2 unique peptides. According to their biological function, approximately 200 proteins were involved in cancer-relevant cellular processes, and over 25 proteins were previously described in the literature as putative cancer biomarkers, as they were found to be differentially expressed between normal and cancerous cell states. Among these, biomarkers such PCNA, cathepsin D, E-cadherin, 14-3-3-sigma, antigen Ki-67, TP53RK, and calreticulin were identified. These data were generated by subjecting to MS analysis approximately 42 microg of sample, analyzing 16 SCX peptide fractions, and interpreting approximately 55,000 MS2 spectra. Total MS time required for analysis was 40 h.
Spousal agreement regarding relationship aggression on the Conflict Tactics Scale-2

The current study assessed agreement within 273 treatment-seeking couples that reported on aggression in their relationship using the Conflict Tactics Scale-2 (CTS-2; M. A. Straus, S. L. Hamby, S. Boney-McCoy, & D. B. Sugarman, 1996), the dominant instrument for assessing violence among couples. Results revealed low-to-moderate levels of agreement, consistent with previous studies using earlier versions of the CTS. Both husbands and wives reported a lower level of aggression for themselves than their partners attributed to them, though this discrepancy was generally stronger for husbands. In addition, both husbands and wives showed higher agreement on items rated as more objective and specific. The implications of these findings for researchers and clinicians are discussed.
Carbon monoxide chemisorption on Cu covered Ni(111) surfaces

The adsorption of carbon monoxide on copper covered Ni (111) surfaces has been studied by high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS). CO is used to titrate the various adsorption sites present, yielding information about the structure and composition of the two metal species at the surface. The results show that CO adsorbs at locations which resemble the top and bridge sites of pure Cu(111) and Ni(111) surfaces, and on a new mixed Cu–Ni bridge site. For a Cu coverage greater than one monolayer, the CO HREEL spectra are very similar to those observed on the clean Cu(111) surface. For Cu coverages less than one monolayer, and deposition at 80 K, small Cu clusters and Cu islands are observed. For submonolayer Cu deposition at temperatures >300 K, a mixed Cu–Ni layer can be formed. The HREELS results for the mixed surface with low Ni concentration show that CO adsorbs on the Ni top sites first (at T<400 K), Cu top sites next (at T<150 K), and then a mixed Cu–Ni bridge site (at T<120 K). Strong...
The effects of biofeedback assisted breathing retraining on lung functions in patients with cystic fibrosis.

This study examines the effects of respiratory muscle feedback and breathing retraining (BRT) on lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Twenty-six patients with CF were matched for age and seventy of disease. Standard respiratory spirometry was performed on all subjects before and after biofeedback training. Thirteen experimental subjects underwent eight sessions of pneumographic or strain-gauge feedback from the abdominal muscles and electromyogram feedback from accessory respiratory muscles to assist in learning diaphragmatic and pursed-lips breathing maneuvers. Control subjects received biofeedback-assisted (hand warming) relaxation training. Results revealed a significant improvement in FEV 1 and mean forced expiratory flow during the middle half of forced vital capacity (FVC) for the biofeedback group, while the control group showed no change. A similar trend was noted for FVC. These data suggest that respiratory muscle feedback and BRT may improve lung function in patients with CF.
Stress and Social Support Among Online Doctoral Psychology Students.

Abstract This study explored the relationship between perceived stress and perceived need for social support among doctoral psychology students attending a distance education university. Although small sample size conceivably prevented identification of a direct correlation between these two factors, female doctoral students perceiving greater levels of stress demonstrated less affiliative and more aggressive needs. Perceived stress did not correlate with counseling readiness among the student sample. These findings suggest that female doctoral students engaged in online study may resemble their traditional campus peers.
The effects of stopping and restarting a session on within-session patterns of responding

Rats pressed levers for sweetened condensed milk reinforcers delivered according to a multiple variable-interval 1-min, variable-interval 1-min schedule during 60-min baseline sessions. The obtained pattern of responding was an early-session increase in responding followed by a relatively constant rate of responding during the remainder of the session. In the experimental conditions of experiment 1, sessions were interrupted by a blackout or timeout lasting either 5, 10, or 30 min. Responding following 5- or 10-min interruptions resembled the constant rate of responding late in the baseline sessions. However, responding increased before 30-min interruptions and increased again after the interruption. This change in the pattern of responding was best described as a `restarting' of the within-session pattern of responding. In experiment 2, a 30-min blackout interrupted sessions. However, reinforcers were presented intermittently during the blackout. Responding did not restart following the 30-min blackout-with-reinforcers condition. These results suggest that the mere presentation of reinforcers is sufficient to maintain within-session changes in responding.
High-performacne parallel implicit CFD

Fluid dynamical simulations based on finite discretizations on (quasi-)static grids scale well in parallel, but execute at a disappointing percentage of per-processor peak floating point operation rates without special attention to layout and access ordering of data. We document both claims from our experience with an unstructured grid CFD code that is typical of the state of the practice at NASA. These basic performance characteristics of PDE-based codes can be understood with surprisingly simple models, for which we quote earlier work, presenting primarily experimental results. The performance models and experimental results motivate algorithmic and software practices that lead to improvements in both parallel scalability and per node performance. This snapshot of ongoing work updates our 1999 Bell Prize-winning simulation on ASCI computers.
Joining of bulk metallic glasses in air

Abstract We present a thermoplastic deforming method to join metallic glasses in air. Mechanistically during straining of the interface the oxide layer breaks and pristine alloy flows towards the interface and forms a metallic bond. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this method we chose reactive Zr 35 Ti 30 Cu 7.5 Be 27.5 as an example bulk metallic glass system. A model is introduced which quantitatively predicts the bonding strength solely from the shear strength of the metallic glass, the initial surface roughness, and the applied strain. The ability to join even reactive metallic glasses in air on a timescale of the order of milliseconds to seconds at low pressure and temperature with predictable joint strength suggest a highly practical and economic method to join metallic glasses.
Novel instrumentation in urologic surgery: Shock wave lithotripsy

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) was first introduced in 1980 and it rapidly revolutionized the treatment of stone disease. SWL is a non-invasive, outpatient procedure that now accounts for the majority of stone removal procedures. Since the introduction of first generation lithotripter, the Dornier HM3 machine, SWL devices have undergone many modifications secondary to limitations, in efforts to create a more effective and efficient way to treat stones and decrease possible morbidities. Herein, we review the evolution of the technology and advances in the instrumentation over the last three decades.
THE CUPRATE PSEUDOGAP: PRECURSOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY WITHOUT PREFORMED PAIRS

Abstract We investigate a scenario for the cuprate pseudogap which is based on strong pairing correlations above T c . This picture is motivated by the small size of the coherence length, which suggests that these superconductors are in a crossover regime between the BCS (large pair size) and Bose–Einstein (small pair size) limits. Moreover, the observed smooth evolution of the pseudogap to the superconducting gap reinforces the notion that pairing correlations may be responsible for the pseudogap. Our new theoretical approach to this well-known crossover is based on a diagrammatic theory proposed by Kadanof and Martin (and extended by Patton), which self consistently treats the coupling between the single particle and pair propagators. The pseudogap, which is present only for an intermediate pair size (or equivalently, intermediate values of the coupling constant), correlates well with the onset of a resonance in the pair propagator, as expected for a state intermediate between free and bound fermions. Our results are consolidated into a phase diagram for T c and T *. We therefore demonstrate how the onset of superconductivity occurs in a pseudogapped normal state, and contrast our approach with alternate theories in the literature.