cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
STUDY ON GROWTH PROFILEAND THE PRODUCTION OF Α-AMYLASE FROM LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS ISOLATED FROM THE CURD

Curdisused in general as probiotic agent sinceancient times. In Indianmarket, curdis the mostcommonfermentedmilkproduct. It is the coagulatedmilkproduct. But itsscientific use as probiotic drink is not soclear till now. But severalstudies have been carried on this aspect. Lactobacillus is the bacteriawhichconvertsmilksugar lactose intolacticacid by the process of fermentation. In the presentresearchwork, Lactobacillus acidophilus wasisolatedfrom the curd . It was studied that the isolated strain was Gram positive, cocco-bacilli and non-motile in nature. Bacteriaweresubjected to studyitsgrowth profile. Nutrient medium was used for their growth. In the nutrient broth, itwas observed that the isolated bacteria were also capable to produce α-amylase.Production of α-amylase from Lactobacillus acidophilus has been investigated under submerged fermentation. The optimum temperature, pH and fermentation duration was investigated on the growth of bacteria for enzyme production. Key words: Lactobacillus acidophilus, submerged fermentation.
Suárez on Visual Perception

This paper surveys the main issues in Suarez’s theory of visual perception, which in its complexity and systematical ordering has not been explored yet. These questions, exposed in the first five questions of the seventh disputation De sensibus exterioribus in particulari of Suarez’s Commentaria una cum quaestionibus in libros Aristotelis and in the first two sections of the fifth disputation De potentiis cognoscitivis in communi , are the following: 1) the nature of light; 2) the nature of colour; 3) the formal (adequate) object of vision; 4) the necessity and the nature of the visual species; 5) the critique of the theory of extramission; and 6) the organ of visual power. The main emphasis is laid on the presentation of the systematical dimension of Suarez’s visual theory.
A Quantitative Insight into the Dependence Dynamics of the Kilauea and Mauna Loa Volcanoes, Hawaii

Hawaiian volcanoes such as Kilauea and Mauna Loa have drawn the attention of researchers for quite some time and numerous theories abound hinting at a possible inverse relationship between the two. Most of these analyses are intrinsically qualitative and are bereft of data-driven statistical justification. The present work attempts to address this issue adopting a more mathematical approach and endeavours to examine the existence of such a relationship through the novel use of a smoothing statistic termed as the empirical recurrence rates ratio. Additionally, it is shown that useful knowledge about the possible interplay between these two volcanoes is coded into this single statistic and based on it; construction of new dependence measures such as the two introduced, becomes simpler and much more intuitive. The recent decade is witnessing an increased activity of Kilauea and the methods proposed here can be successfully implemented to safeguard human lives and property against the unpredictable advances of all-engulfing molten lava flow.
How Might Recharge Change Under Projected Climate Change in the Western U.S.

Although groundwater is a major resource of water in the western US, little research has been done on the impacts of climate change on groundwater storage and recharge in the West. Here we assess the impact of projected changes in climate on groundwater recharge in the near (2021-2050) and far (2071-2100) future across the western US. Recharge is expected to decrease slightly (highly certain) in the West (-1.6%) and Southwest (-2.9%) regions in the near future and decrease considerably (highly certain) in the South region (-10.6%) in the far future. The Northern Rockies region is expected to get more recharge (highly certain) in both the near (+5.0%) and far (+9.0%) future. In general, southern portions of the western US are expected to get less recharge in the future and northern portions will get more. This study also shows that climate change interacts with land surface properties to affect the amount of recharge that occurs in the future.
Contemporary Data on the Location of Response Objects in Rorschach's Inkblots.

Using a diverse sample of 4,786 protocols obtained with the Rorschach Performance Assessment System (Meyer, Viglione, Mihura, Erard, & Erdberg, 2011), we provide a contemporary overview of how peop...
The Hebraic Model of the Person: Toward a Unified Psychological Science among Christian Helping Professionals

Because of a duolistic cultural tradition assumed to be biblical, many Christian helping professionals tend to conceptualize an individual's psychological difficulty as originating within either th...
Cloud-based smart device for environment monitoring

Due to the advancement in technology and increase in economic growth, environmental pollution has become rampant throughout metropolitan cities. Thus, the purpose of this research is based on designing a low-cost, cloud-based smart device named Cloud-based Environment Monitoring Smart Device (CEMSD) that monitors different environmental parameters such as air quality, noise, temperature and humidity. To build the CEMSD, the Raspberry Pi 3 (RPi 3) Model B is used and thus a microprocessor along with DHT11 temperature-humidity sensor, Grove-Loudness sensor, Shinyei PPD42NS particle matter (PM) Grove dust sensor, COZIR Wide Range 100% Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) sensor and the MQ131 Ozone (O 3 ) Gas sensor. The CEMSD collects and sends data from targeted measurement locations through wireless network or cellular network to a cloud server, where data is stored, processed and can be accessed using a computer or any smart device. The utilization of social media is also involved once the CEMSD environmental index exceeds the threshold. Subscribed user receives notification from social media such as Facebook or twitter to avoid the exposure to severe environmental condition. The CEMSD can be integrated into the making of Smart Cities which would help reduce level of pollution, save energy and provide an overall living environment enhancement.
The Cambridge Companion to Paradise Lost

Part I: 1. Milton as narrator in Paradise Lost Stephen M. Fallon 2. Satan Neil Forsyth 3. Things of darkness: sin, death, chaos John Rumrich 4. The problem of God Victoria Silver Part II: 5. Classical models Maggie Kilgour 6. Milton's Bible Jeffrey Shoulson 7. The line in Paradise Lost John Creaser 8. The pre-secular politics of Paradise Lost Paul Stevens 9. Cosmology Karen L. Edwards Part III: 10. Imagining Eden William Shullenberger 11. Milton's angels Joad Raymond 12. Gender Shannon Miller 13. Temptation W. Gardner Campbell 14. Regeneration in Books 11 and 12 Mary C. Fenton Part IV: 15. Reception William Kolbrener.
Surface waves in elastic half spaces coated with crystalline films

A two-dimensional model of thin-film substrate interactions is obtained from three-dimensional elasticity theory for films having various kinds of crystalline symmetry. Extensions to electro-elastic behaviour are also discussed.
Little orphan Anastasia. The analysis of an adopted Russian girl.

It is becoming commonplace for analysts to hear about or encounter in their clinical work adopted children from Korea, China, Eastern Europe, or Russia. There is wide variation in the orphanage experience from one area to another and also in the manner in which the transitional phase from orphanage to adoptive parents is carried out. Not surprisingly, the experience of being an orphan carries with it lifelong implications and repercussions, particularly in the area of self/object relations. Some of the problems of being an orphan are obvious at the time of adoption. Others unfold only in the course of subsequent development. We are increasingly called upon to assist adoptive families whose children are struggling amid much pain and confusion with the aftermath of the threefold experience of becoming an orphan, being raised in an orphanage, and joining a family of another culture.This essay describes in some detail the infancy and early childhood of “Little Orphan Anastasia” as she picks through the emotio...
SINGLE-SHOT DENSE RECONSTRUCTION WITH EPIC-FLOW

In this paper we present a novel method for generating dense reconstructions by applying only structure-from-motion(SfM) on large-scale datasets without the need for multi-view stereo as a post-processing step. A state-of-the-art optical flow technique is used to generate dense matches. The matches are encoded such that verification for correctness becomes possible, and are stored in a database on-disk. The use of this out-of-core approach transfers the requirement for large memory space to disk, therefore allowing for the processing of even larger-scale datasets than before. We compare our approach with the state-of-the-art and present the results which verify our claims.
BCDIN3D regulates tRNAHis 3' fragment processing.

5’ ends are important for determining the fate of RNA molecules. BCDIN3D is an RNA phospho-methyltransferase that methylates the 5’ monophosphate of specific RNAs. In order to gain new insights into the molecular function of BCDIN3D, we performed an unbiased analysis of its interacting RNAs by Thermostable Group II Intron Reverse Transcriptase coupled to next generation sequencing (TGIRT-seq). Our analyses showed that BCDIN3D interacts with full-length phospho-methylated tRNAHis and miR-4454. Interestingly, we found that miR-4454 is not synthesized from its annotated genomic locus, which is a primer-binding site for an endogenous retrovirus, but rather by Dicer cleavage of mature tRNAHis. Sequence analysis revealed that miR-4454 is identical to the 3’ end of tRNAHis. Moreover, we were able to generate this ‘miRNA’ in vitro through incubation of mature tRNAHis with Dicer. As found previously for several pre-miRNAs, a 5’P-tRNAHis appears to be a better substrate for Dicer cleavage than a phospho-methylated tRNAHis. Moreover, tRNAHis 3’-fragment/’miR-4454’ levels increase in cells depleted for BCDIN3D. Altogether, our results show that in addition to microRNAs, BCDIN3D regulates tRNAHis 3’-fragment processing without negatively affecting tRNAHis’s canonical function of aminoacylation.
VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL MORPHOLOGY IN VARIOUS SPECIES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR ARTERIAL FLUID DYNAMICS

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the endothelial cell patterns in regions known to have peculiar flow conditions that can be predicted theoretically. The normal pattern of endothelial cell orientation and shape at various anatomic sites were examined in different species to test the hypothesis that these variables may be related to physiological stresses produced by blood flow. The species studied were the mouse, rat, cat, rabbit, and dog that varied in body weight, vessel size, and heart rate and, thus, the Reynolds numbers and alpha parameter were also different. The various sites that were examined were for the regions suspected to experience unusual hemodynamic conditions. From a fluid mechanics point of view, it is well known that flow disturbances along the arterial tree are related to the Reynolds numbers and alpha parameter. In the small species, flow disturbances are not likely to occur and where and uniform cell morphology and orientation were observed. In the cat and the rabbit which have higher Reynolds numbers, flow disturbances may occur in the arch and/or close to branching points. The cell orientation was changed drastically, especially on the lesser curvature wall of the aortic arch and/or close to branching points. In the larger species studied, for example, the dog, the change in orientation and morphology that were present in the cat and the rabbit were there, but much more was also observed in the aortic arch and near branches.
P149 Is virtual the future of OPD

Introduction The General Paediatric Outpatients Department at Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital Crumlin has a greater than two year waiting list for new routine appointments. Long waiting time is considered as one of the most concerning matters in the majority of health care organisations1. A wait time of no more than 6 months for routine appointments is proposed2. A virtual clinic was run by three General paediatricians from November 2017 to October 2018, with the aim to reassess and prioritise the ‘long-waiters’ on the waiting list. A Virtual clinic is a contact between the clinical team and the patient, without a face to face meeting, to plan clinical care with the use of telecommunication3. Methods Parents of the longest waiting children were called by the paediatricians, after going through their referral letters. If parents were not contactable, their GPs were contacted. Progression of the symptoms, persistent concerns, any reviews in the meantime were recorded. Subsequently patients were either removed from the list with parental consent or remained on the list with or without prioritisation. Results A total of 65 patients were reviewed via virtual clinics. 43 patients were subsequently removed from the list with parental consent. In 15 (23%) referring reason was resolved, 4 (6%) were seen by other hospitals and 2 (3%) were seen privately, while 7 (11%) were reviewed by other specialities. 22 patients remained on the waiting list. Among these 65, 41 (63%) parents were contactable, GPs were contacted in 9 (14%) cases while no one was contactable in 15 (23%) cases. Most common referral diagnoses were developmental concerns and gastrointestinal issues including abdominal pain, constipation and reflux, each contributing to 30% of the cohort. 10% were referred for recurrent UTIs, 3% with respiratory symptoms, 8% with seizures and headaches, while 18% were miscellaneous including eczema and fatigue. Conclusion Virtual clinics can play an important role in dealing with the long waiting lists in paediatric population. References British Columbia Medical Association (2006). Waiting too long: Reducing and Better Managing Wait Times in BC: A policy Paper by the BCMA’s Council on health Economics and Policy. London: BCMA. Department of Health. Choice At Six Months: Good Practice. London: DoH, 2005 Currell R, Urquhart C, Wainwright P, Lewis R. ( 2000) Telemedicine versus face to face patient care: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (2): CD002098. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002098 PMID: 10796678
Family members' experiences with adult participation in weight management programs: Triadic perspectives from patients, partners and children.

OBJECTIVE Spouses are known to influence the outcomes of an individual's attempt at weight loss, but little is known about the broader influence of, and on, the family. The objectives were to explore: (a) the effects of an adult weight management program on the family and (b) family factors that help or hinder patient weight loss. METHODS A qualitative design was employed to explore triadic family members' experiences of patient participation in a weight management program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients, partners and children (ages 7-18). Questions included support for patient participation and weight loss, dietary choices, meal preparation, physical activity routines, the home-food environment, communication about health and family dynamics. Thematic analysis was used, where codes and categories of codes were then grouped together to create themes and subthemes. RESULTS Nineteen triadic interviews were conducted (57 total). Seven themes emerged, including four related to Outcomes (objective 1): (a) shift in family dynamics, (b) family behaviour change, (c) child observations of family change, (d) indirect benefit to partner; and three related to Process (objective 2): (e) level of accountability, (f) patient perception of support and (g) support is essential and flexible. CONCLUSIONS Future research and clinical applications from these themes should seek to determine the positive behaviour change that was evident in the families that were interviewed, where the culmination of family interactions, expectations and concurrent partner weight loss indicates the potential longevity of weight management programs beyond patients' own participation.
Is Lactic Acidosis After Lung Transplantation Associated With Worse Outcomes

Background Elevated lactate levels may be caused by increased production suggestive of tissue ischemia; however, they may also occur without evidence of ischemia, by catecholamine activation of beta receptors. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with increased lactate levels during and after lung transplantation and to evaluate whether lactate levels were associated with increased time to extubation and postoperative complications. Methods This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent lung transplantation between January 2015 and May 2017 at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the factors associated with peak lactate levels and to find the associations between lactate levels and outcomes of nitric oxide time, intubation time, length of stay, and creatinine level. Logistic regression was used to determine the associations between lactate levels and acute kidney injury and atrial fibrillation. Results A total of 86 patients underwent single-lung transplantation (n = 17; 20%) or double-lung transplantation (n = 69; 80%). All patients initially had normal lactate levels. On univariate analysis, lactate levels at several time points were correlated with subsequent acute kidney injury, increased time to extubation, and increased nitric oxide time. After adjustment, the study found that higher peak intensive care unit lactate levels (regression coefficient B = 0.046; interquartile range, 0.006, 0.086; P = .025) were associated with longer length of stay. Conclusions Cardiopulmonary bypass time, total ischemic time, and catecholamine use were associated with higher lactate levels, whereas nitric oxide and higher pulmonary artery pressures were associated with lower levels. Increased lactate levels were independently associated with longer intubation times, postoperative acute kidney injury, and longer length of stay.
Seedling Submergence Tolerances Accurately Predict Riparian Tree Species Distributions: Insights to Help Design Environmental Flows

Quantification of flooding thresholds that govern species distributions on microtopographic gradients in floodplains can help design environmental flows, but the multiple correlated dimensions of flooding such as frequency, depth, duration, and timing are a challenge. We postulated that species distributions are limited by the most stressful combination of flooding dimensions when the plants are in their most susceptible developmental stage. To test this idea, we measured survival of young seedlings in pots subjected to flood treatments that completely submerged the seedlings in stagnant water with and without suspended sediments for durations of up to 6 weeks during the growing season. This measure of flood tolerance predicted floodplain distributional limits of 16 tree species with high accuracy (adj. r2 = 0.91). The strength of the result suggests that seedling ability to survive complete submergence in stagnant water for prolonged periods is an important mechanism limiting species distributions in riparian forests. We propose that environmental flows that completely submerge the seedling layer in floodplain forest with stagnant water for at least 3 weeks are likely to be more effective at eliminating invading upland species than flows that only flood the soil up to the root collars of seedlings.
Ophthalmology and Ethics in the COVID-19 Era.

PURPOSE: The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), has disrupted the practice of ophthalmology and threatens to forever alter how we care for our patients. Physicians across the country encounter unique clinical dilemmas daily. This manuscript presents a curated set of ethical dilemmas facing ophthalmologists both during and following the pandemic. DESIGN: Perspective METHODS: Case presentations drawn from actual clinical scenarios were presented during a virtual Ophthalmology Grand Rounds and discussed with the Director of Clinical Ethics at Columbia University Irving Medical Center. RESULTS: It has become routine to expect an ophthalmologist to be involved in many levels of care for critically ill patients with COVID-19. Ophthalmology patients - even those with chronic, progressive conditions - are being triaged, and vision-saving interventions are being postponed. Four questions were applied to each scenario allowing for ethical conclusions to be reached. These questions were; What is the imminence and the severity of the harm expected without intervention? What is the efficacy of the intervention under consideration? What are the risks of treatment for the patient? What are the risks of treating the patient for the healthcare team? CONCLUSION: During this pandemic and for months, perhaps years, to come, it is critical to reconsider the ethical principles underlying modern medicine and ophthalmic care as well as the ramifications of our decisions and actions. ABSTRACT: Perspective.
Bayesian Variable Selection Utilizing Posterior Probability Credible Intervals

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the problem of model selection in the Bayesian framework. Current approaches include methods based on computing model probabilities such as Stochastic Search Variable Selection (SSVS) and Bayesian LASSO and methods based on model choice criteria, such as the Deviance Information Criterion (DIC). Methods in the first group compute the posterior probabilities of models or model parameters often using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique, and select a subset of the variables based on a pre-specified threshold on the posterior probability. However, these methods rely heavily on the prior choices of parameters and the results can be highly sensitive when priors are changed. DIC is a Bayesian generalization of the Akaike9s Information Criterion (AIC) that penalizes for large number of parameters, it has the advantage that can be used for selection of mixed effect models but tend to prefer over-parameterized models. We here propose a novel variable selection algorithm that utilizes the parameters credible intervals to select the variables to be kept in the model. We will show this algorithm yields comparable or better results comparing to DIC in a simulation study, as well as implementing this algorithm in a real-world example.
Biomechanical Testing of Human Red Blood Cells Under Controlled Oxygen Tension

Red blood cells are subjected to dynamic loads of shear and oxidative stresses when they traverse through the blood circulation system. Cell membranes are not only subjected to mechanical forces but also oxidative damage as a result of hypoxia. We develop an experimental strategy that can subject biological cells to well-controlled shear and gaseous microenvironment in a microfluidic device. Significant changes in cell deformability and relaxation characteristics due to variation in oxygen tension are observed and quantified. Our results demonstrate that hypoxia can lead to significant loss of deformability in red blood cells. The relationship between the membrane fatigue degradation and the repeated stressing conditions of blood circulation can be further investigated using the developed platform.
[68Ga]-DOTATATE PET/MRI in the diagnosis and management of recurrent head and neck paraganglioma with spinal metastasis.

Abstract Most head and neck paragangliomas (PGLs) are biochemically silent and often present with recurrence and metastases in association with hereditary syndromes. Whole-body functional imaging is increasingly used to detect tumor extent and guide treatment planning of PGLs. [68Ga]-DOTATATE, which targets somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) overexpression, has emerged as a sensitive functional imaging modality in PGLs. We present a patient with metastatic glomus caroticum PGL in whom [68Ga]-DOTATATE PET/MRI provided a more accurate characterization of metastatic extent, as compared to gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the neck and whole body [18F]-FDG PET/CT. We then review the current literature and discuss the imaging implications of [68Ga]-DOTATATE PET/MRI in PGLs.
Hybrid extractive scintillator resin for simultaneous concentration and detection of radiocesium from aqueous solutions.

Abstract A hybrid extractive scintillating resin (HESR) was developed for the concentration and detection of radiocesium. The HESR comprised a cesium-selective potassium ferrierite ion-exchange powder embedded in porous polymeric scintillating beads. It was prepared by carrying out suspension polymerization of 4-methylstyrene with divinylbenzene, 2-(1-naphthyl)-4-vinyl-5-phenyloxazole fluor and ferrierite-K powder. A translucent column packed with the HESR was placed in a commercial flow-cell radiation detector for real-time detection of radiocesium. Measurements using the HESR detection system were compared with an on-line gamma-ray measurement using a NaI:Tl well detector containing a column of ferrierite-K powder/SiO2 or potassium-nickel ferrocyanate-polyacrylonitrile (KNiFC-PAN). The NaI:Tl well detector configuration quantified the gamma-ray from 137mBa, while the flow-cell detector primarily quantified the beta particles and conversion electrons of 137Cs. The minimum detectable concentration of the two detection modalities were calculated and shown to be lower than the maximum contaminant level in drinking water of 7.4 Bq/L (200 pCi/L).
Secondary Causes and Contributors to Osteoporosis

The presentation of a fragility fracture or osteoporosis by DXA should prompt consideration of secondary contributors to bone frailty. Evaluation of osteoporosis should generally include laboratory analysis to rule out hyperparathyroidism, hypovitaminosis D, renal disease, and imbalance of mineral homeostasis. Additionally, a thorough history, physical examination, and review of previous laboratory findings, as well as an astute index of suspicion, can lead to the discovery of modifiable diagnoses. If found and treated, disease states such as multiple myeloma, Cushing’s syndrome, or celiac disease can greatly improve our patients’ outcomes.
Celecoxib (Celebrex®) induces apoptosis in MCF-7, BT-20, (breast carcinomas) A-375 (melanoma) and HT-29 (colorectal carcinoma) but does not activate Caspases 3, 8, or 9 in cells grown in monolayer

2687 Celecoxib (Celebrex®, Pfizer) is a COX-2 selective anti-inflammatory agent used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory processes. It has recently been shown that Celecoxib will decrease the numbers of polyps in patients with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) for which it now has FDA approval. Evidence is mounting that Celecoxib will decrease the incidence of breast cancer, and may have usefulness in the treatment of several different tumor types as a chemotherapeutic agent. Several studies have been conducted examining activation of caspase 3 in response to Celecoxib, with no clear results. Thus, we undertook the study of Celecoxib and its affects on 4 tumor cell lines in monolayer, as well as in an agarose suspension method we recently developed. We found that Celecoxib inhibits growth of the BT-20 and MCF-7 breast tumor cell lines as well as A375 melanoma and HT-29 colon carcinoma in monolayer. IC50 values of 60, 55, 45 and 50 μM, respectively, were obtained. We examined caspase expression, and found that Caspases 3, 8, and 9 were not activated in response to treatment at any time point. Staining with Hoechst Stain showed nuclear coalescence, but no DNA fragmentation was found to occur. In the agarose culture methods, where cells grow unattached to plastic, we did not observe cell death but did observe inhibition of mitosis as the treated cells did not form colonies when compared to control. Single cells were seen to be viable as indicated by lack of Trypan blue staining. This suggests that cell death caused by Celecoxib in monolayer does not involve the caspase pathways despite apoptotic appearance, but involves a different pathway altogether and may be unique to the monolayer growth.
Chapter 6 Differentiation of the Golgi Apparatus in the Genetic Control of Development

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the differentiation of the Golgi apparatus in the genetic control of the development. There is general agreement that the Golgi apparatus is responsible for the production of a wide range of secretory products characteristic of different types of cells and that it also makes a contribution to the surface membrane. The contribution may be selective and only transient, and the rate of renewal or turnover in various regions of the cell membrane may differ greatly. The total material transported from this intracellular organelle to the surface includes: lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in various patterns of association. Since there is considerable evidence that the composition and patterning of the surface groups reflect both the influence of the genome and the participation of the Golgi apparatus, the implication is that the Golgi apparatus represents one stage in the elucidation of the characteristics controlled, by the genome and its modifiers. The Golgi apparatus differs from the other organelles in that. In the usual form, there is generally a detectable polarity of maturation from one face of the apparatus to the other. This polarity may not be readily visible in the very early stages of development, but it clearly accompanies the differentiation that also involves form changes in the organelle.
Fromm’s Notion of the Prophet and Priest

Erich Fromm’s life began and ended in an age of perpetual crisis which threatened the very existence of humanity. This crisis was characterised by existential uncertainty, artificially maintained irrational antagonisms, authoritarian political structures—both claiming to be in accordance with human nature—world wars, the cold war, and a consumer society designed for maximum distraction and mental diminishment, predicated on structural and sometimes direct violence (Adorno, 1991, pp. 107–131).
Bidirectional transfer of meperidine across the guinea pig placenta.

Abstract The technique of simultaneous maternal and fetal EEG allows one to study placental drug transfer. Meperidine-associated EEG changes are present in the fetus following the injection of maternal vein, muscle, or peritoneum, and closely follow the appearance of similar drug effects in the maternal EEG. The earliest drug effect is seen in the intravenous route and the slowest drug effect is seen via the intraperitoneal route. Following fetal infection intramuscularly and intraperitoneally, rapid transfer to the maternal brain is also documented.
Recovery of Low Rank and Jointly Sparse Matrices with Two Sampling Matrices

We provide a two-step approach to recover a jointly $k$ -sparse matrix ${\bf X}$ , (at most $k$ rows of ${\bf X}$ are nonzero), with rank $r from its under sampled measurements. Unlike the classical recovery algorithms that use the same measurement matrix for every column of ${\bf X}$ , the proposed algorithm comprises two stages, in each of which the measurement is taken by a different measurement matrix. The first stage uses a standard algorithm, to recover any $r$ columns (e.g. the first $r$ ) of ${\bf X}$ . The second uses a new set of measurements and the subspace estimate provided by these columns to recover the rest. We derive conditions on the second measurement matrix to guarantee perfect subspace aware recovery for two cases: First a worst-case setting that applies to all matrices. The second a generic case that works for almost all matrices. We demonstrate both theoretically and through simulations that when $r our approach needs far fewer measurements. It compares favorably with recent results using dense linear combinations, that do not use column-wise measurements.
Muscle-fat MRI: 1.5 Tesla and 3.0 Tesla versus histology.

Introduction: We evaluated muscle/fat fraction (MFF) accuracy and reliability measured with an MR imaging technique at 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3.0T scanner strengths, using biopsy as reference. Methods: MRI was performed on muscle samples from pig and rabbit species (n = 8) at 1.5T and 3.0T. A chemical shift based 2-point Dixon method was used, collecting in-phase and out-of-phase data for fat/water of muscle samples. Values were compared with MFFs calculated from histology. Results: No significant difference was found between 1.5T and 3.0T (P values = 0.41–0.96), or between histology and imaging (P = 0.83) for any muscle tested. Conclusions: Results suggest that a 2-point Dixon fat/water separation MRI technique may provide reliable quantification of MFFs at varying field strengths across different animal species, and consistency was established with biopsy. The results set a foundation for larger scale investigation of quantifying muscle fat in neuromuscular disorders. Muscle Nerve 50:170–176, 2014
Field Metabolic Rates and Cohort Analysis in Microtine Rodents

Objectives of this study have been to analyze cohort responses to environmental fluctuations and to compare the energetics in two species of microtine rodents Microtus montanus and M. longicaudus.
Response to Comment on Cutting Edge: FcR-Like 6 Is an MHC Class II Receptor

We thank Dr. Huard for his letter and appreciate the opportunity to comment on the interesting parallels between FcR-like 6 (FCRL6) and the CD223 receptor, lymphocyte activation gene 3. Indeed, both proteins bind MHC class II molecules ([1][1], [2][2]) and are expressed by cytotoxic NK and effector
Probability approach for prediction of corrosion and corrosion fatigue life

A probability approach for life prediction is developed and illustrated through a simplified model for the pitting corrosion and corrosion fatigue crack growth in aluminum alloys in aqueous environments. A method for estimation of the cumulative distribution function (CDF) for the lifetime is demonstrated by using an assumed CDF for each key random variable (RV). The basic aim of this approach is to make predictions for the lifetime, reliability, and durability beyond the range of typical data by integrating the CDFs of the individual RVs into a mechanistically based model. The contribution of each key RV is considered, and its significance is assessed. Thus, the usefulness of probability-based modeling is demonstrated. It is noted that physically realistic parameters were assumed for the illustrations. As such, the results from analysis of the model qualitatively agree quite well with experimental observations. However, these results should not be construed to represent behavior in actual systems. Because of these assumptions, confidence levels for the predictions are not addressed. 9 refs.
Paroxysmal hypertension, pheochromocytoma, and pregnancy.

BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most common medical complication of pregnancy. Pheochromocytoma in pregnancy is rare, and if unrecognized, can cause serious perinatal morbidity and mortality. METHODS A patient with severe hypertension, postpartum pulmonary edema, and a recognized pheochromocytoma is described. RESULTS Abdominal palpation after vaginal childbirth reproduced the diagnostic triad of hypertension, headaches, and palpitations. Magnetic resonance imaging established the correct diagnosis before biochemical confirmation of excess catecholamine production. The patient responded to alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade with control of her severe hypertension and clearing of pulmonary edema. The best time to diagnose a pheochromocytoma is before delivery because vaginal childbirth stimulates the release of lethal amounts of catecholamines. CONCLUSIONS The physician who delivers babies must distinguish between labile hypertension and paroxysmal hypertension. Most experts believe that a spontaneous vaginal delivery is contraindicated when the patient has a pheochromocytoma. Postpartum pulmonary edema associated with a pheochromocytoma is unusual. The profound pressor response elicited by palpation of the postpartum abdomen, the failure of medications usually effective in the treatment of a hypertensive crisis, and the use of magnetic resonance imaging to confirm a functioning adrenal adenoma are the features unique to this case.
P02-240 - Neuropsychological performance variability is associated with reduced treatment consent capacity

The capacity of older adults to make health care treatment decisions is often impaired in dementia and has been linked to performance on specific neuropsychological tasks. Within-person across-test neuropsychological performance variability has been shown to predict future dementia. This study examined the relationship of within-person across-test neuropsychological performance variability to treatment decision (consent) capacity in community-dwelling older individuals. Men (N = 79) and women (N = 80) with (N = 83) or without (N = 76) probable mild to moderate dementia completed a neuropsychological test battery and a standardized capacity assessment that evaluates each of the following treatment decisional abilities separately: Understanding, Reasoning, Appreciation, and Expression of Choice. Standard scores were used to compute mean neuropsychological performance and within-person across-test variability. Neuropsychological performance and within-person variability were independently associated with continuous and dichotomous measures of capacity. The results of this study provide support for the emerging view that multiple distinct cognitive abilities are required to support this function, and indicate that the sensitivity and accuracy of consent capacity assessments can be improved by evaluating each of these components separately.
Purification and characterization of chitinases from transformed callus suspension cultures of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.

Abstract Three extracellular basic chitinases designated as TKC 15, TKC 28-I, and TKC 28-II were purified from Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 transformed Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. callus suspension cultures using PerSeptive HS M cation exchange and Sephadex G 75 S gel filtration chromatography. These chitinases exhibited maximal activity at pH 6 and temperature at 40–45°C. N-terminal analysis suggests that two chitinases (TKC 28-I and TKC 28-II) with indistinguishable molecular masses (28 kDa) belonged to the Class III chitinase family. Another basic protein with a molecular mass of 15 kDa (TKC 15) also possesses chitinase activity. Chitobiose was the major end product from chitin digested by TKC 28-I and TKC 28-II whereas TKC 15 released a mix of tetramers, trimers and dimers from chitin. Slow cleavage of chitotriose by TKC 28-I and 28-II and no cleavage of tetramers and trimers by TKC 15 were observed. TKC 28-I cleaved tetramer faster than trimers, 1.1 × 10−4 M·h−1·μg−1 and 1.5 × 10−6 M·h−1·μg−1 respectively. All chitinases showed inhibitory ability in a cell-free protein translation system but were far less potent than trichosanthin, a ribosome inactivating protein, found in the storage root tuber of T. kirilowii. The purified T. kirilowii chitinases did not show antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus or Trichoderma viride.
A DSL for Integrative Parallel Programming

Parallel programming is commonly done through a library approach, as in the Message Passing Interface (MPI), directives, as in OpenMP, language extensions, as in High Performance Fortran (HPF), or whole new languages, as in Chapel. However, we argue that the concepts underlying these different programming systems show great commonality. Hence, we propose a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) that expresses an abstraction of these common concepts. As we show by means of a prototype that uses both MPI and OpenMP tasks as backend, this common vocabulary can then be expressed in multiple parallelism types.
Advanced wilderness life support education using high-technology patient simulation.

Objective (1) To determine if, after using the simulation mannequin SimMan in a wilderness "megacode" exercise, participants believe high-tech simulators are an effective tool for learning wilderness medicine skills. (2) To determine if participants believe high-tech simulation mannequins should be used with more or less frequency in future wilderness medicine exercises. Methods After completing a basic training session outlining the capabilities of SimMan and completing a wilderness megacode (defined as a series of progressive conditions that accumulate over time) using SimMan, participants were surveyed to ascertain whether they perceived SimMan to be an effective teaching tool for wilderness medical skills and to determine if they would like SimMan to be used with greater frequency at future wilderness medicine courses. The data were compiled and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results Participants found the wilderness SimMan experience to be an effective tool with an average score of 3.15 on a scale where 4 is most effective and 1 is least effective. Participants also desired to see high-tech simulation more frequently in wilderness courses with a score of 3, on a scale where 4 is more frequently and 1 is less frequently. There was little difference in responses based on previous experience with simulation. Conclusions High-tech simulation is an underused tool for wilderness medicine education. Currently, several barriers exist to its implementation in wilderness medicine. Participants in wilderness courses feel it is an effective tool and would like to see it used more frequently.
Extracellular fluid proteins of goldfish brain: Studies of concentration and labeling patterns

An extraction procedure for the isolation of proteins from the extracellular fluid (ECF) of goldfish brain was developed and applied in an investigation of the time course and pattern of labeling of ECF proteins. The results indicate that two out of the many protein bands present, which migrated at 32,000 and 26,000 daltons on SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoretic gels, could incorporate as much as 50% of the label of the ECF fraction, even though their concentration was only 14%. Measurements of the protein content of the ECF and its volume (24% of the brain) by the inulin method were used to calculate the protein concentration in the extracellular space of goldfish brain. This gave a value of 1.6–2%, i.e., about 50% of the value obtained for the protein concentration of the cytoplasmic fraction devoid of particulate matter. Such a result suggests that the goldfish brain intracellular and extracellular fluids, separated by the neural membranes, contain relatively comparable levels of proteins.
First Report of Phytophthora Root Rot Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea on Spinach in California

In 2006 and 2007, commercially grown spinach (Spinacia oleracea) in California's coastal Salinas Valley (Monterey County) was affected by an unreported root rot disease. Disease was limited to patches along the edges of fields. Affected plants were stunted with chlorotic older leaves. As disease progressed, most of the older foliage first wilted and then turned tan and dry; youngest leaves remained green but were stunted and leathery in texture. Plants most severely affected died. Symptoms on roots were mostly restricted to the distal portion of the root system, where feeder roots and the main taproot turned black. Isolations from root lesions consistently resulted in the recovery of a Phytophthora sp. The isolates were heterothallic, and on the basis of morphological and cytochrome oxidase 2 gene sequence data (GenBank Accession No. GQ984233), the pathogen was identified as Phytophthora cryptogea. To evaluate pathogenicity, individual inocula of four isolates were prepared by incubating colonized 6-mm-diameter V8 agar plugs in filtered soil extract for 2 days at 20°C to induce sporangia production. These cultures were then chilled at 4°C for 20 min and returned to room temperature for 1 h to induce zoospore release (4). Four-week-old spinach plants (cv. Bolero) were uprooted, soaked in suspensions of 1.0 × 105 zoospores/ml for 10 min, and repotted. After treatment, pots were placed in shallow trays of water for 24 h to saturate the root zone, then were removed from trays and incubated in a greenhouse. After 9 days, inoculated plants showed foliar wilting and chlorosis similar to that observed in the field; after 13 days, roots were examined and found to show the black necrosis as seen in the field. P. cryptogea was isolated from all inoculated plants. Control spinach plants, treated with soil extract only, did not develop disease. This experiment was completed two times and the results were similar. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Phytophthora root rot of spinach caused by P. cryptogea in California. This finding is significant because spinach in California is subject to root rots caused by three other pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium spp., and Rhizoctonia solani) (1); symptoms from these root rots are very similar to those caused by P. cryptogea, thereby complicating diagnosis. This pathogen has been documented on spinach in Germany and Sweden (2,3). References: (1) S. T. Koike et al. Vegetable Diseases: A Color Handbook. Manson Publishing LtD. London, 2007. (2) H. Krober and E.-O. Beckmann. Phytopathol. Z. 78:160, 1973. (3) M. Larsson and J. Olofsson. Plant Pathol. 43:251, 1994. (4) S. A. Tjosvold et al. Plant Dis. 93:371, 2009.
On the emergence of multinational corporations in developing economies: A note

Abstract By explicitly incorporating the spillover effects of technological transfers into the host country's production activities, this paper argues that the spillover effects of multinational corporations will in fact reduce employment in the multinational sector and increase employment in the local sector, thereby increasing overall employment and income in the host country.
The development of an air sampling and analytic method for o-phenylenediamine in an industrial environment.

A new method for monitoring o-phenylenediamine (OPD) in the industrial environment was developed. Some aromatic amines such as OPD are difficult to collect and analyze directly because they are sensitive to oxidation. The method developed overcomes this difficulty by derivatizing the OPD directly upon collection. The OPD vapor is drawn through a bubbler containing acetic anhydride to form the relatively stable 1,2-diacetamidobenzene. The acetic anhydride solution is analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the diacetamido derivative quantified. The analysis is linear for standard solutions in the range of 0.5 µg/mL to over 0.5 mg/mL. Air concentrations of OPD were prepared by passing a metered stream of nitrogen through a glass tube packed with OPD crystals and diluting the stream with a metered air stream to achieve the desired level. The collection efficiency and conversion of OPD to the derivative was found to approach 100% at vapor concentrations of 0.09 mg/m3 but was re...
Acoustic semantic labeling and fusion of human-vehicle interactions

Situational awareness in a Persistent Surveillance System (PSS) can be significantly improved by fusion of Data from physical (Hard) sensors and information provided by human observers (as Soft/biological sensors) from the field. One of the major limitations that this trend brings about is, however, the integration and fusion of the sensory data collected from hard sensors along with soft data gathered from human agents in a consistent and cohesive way. This paper presents a proposed approach for semantic labeling of vehicular non-stationary acoustic events in the context of PSS. Two techniques for feature extraction based on discrete wavelet and short-time Fourier transforms are described. A correlation-based classifier is proposed for classifying and semantic labeling of vehicular acoustic events. The presented result demonstrates the proposed solution is both reliable and effective, and can be extended to future PSS applications.
An inequality involving powers of sums of powers

Abstract A generalized version is proved of the following inequality, arising in a study of invertible measure preserving transformations: (∑ i = 1 N x i n ) 1 n (∑ i = 1 N x i m ) 1 m ⩽ (∑ i = 1 N x mn ) 1 mn (∑ i = 1 N x i ), where x i ⩾ 0, i = 1, 2,…, N, and (m − 1)(n − 1) > 0 .