cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ReSCo: A middleware component for Reliable Service Composition in pervasive systems

Service composition schemes create high-level application services by combining several basic services. Service composition schemes for dynamic, open systems, such as those found in pervasive environments, must be cognizant of the possibility of failures and attacks. In open systems, it is seldom feasible to guarantee the reliability of each node prior to access; however, there may be several possible ways to compose the same high-level service, each having a different (though possibly overlapping) set of nodes that can satisfy the composition. We approach this problem with a Reliable Service Composition middleware component, ReSCo, to determine trustworthy compositions and nodes for service composition in dynamic, open systems. ReSCo is a modular, adaptive middleware component that selects from possible composition paths and nodes to enhance reliability of service compositions. ReSCo can work with a broad range of both service composition algorithms and trust establishment mechanisms.
Modeling the behavior of plasmid‐harboring cells in nonselective media

A kinetic model to describe the behavior of host-plasmid systems has been developed. An important feature of the model is the use of plasmid concentration as a dynamic state variable. The model retains the simple framework of earlier studies, while incorporating additional structure in terms of recognition of the effect on cellular response of varying cellular plasmid content
Model for Zero Population Growth

Rallying around the slogan "Stop at Two" (children), zero population growth organizations have begun to have an informal educational impact upon college campuses around the nation. The true depth of this impact is small as has been made apparent in a recent poll of Eisner at al. (1970) at Cornell University. The poll revealed that very few graduate students-even in biology-had plans to limit their own families to two children. Clearly, advanced formal education overlaid with an informal slogan campaign has failed to translate abstract conviction into
Delayed matching-to-sample, object retrieval, and discrimination reversal deficits in chronic low dose MPTP-treated monkeys

Cognitive deficits following chronic exposure to low doses of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) were studied in monkeys asymptomatic for a gross parkinsonian motor disorder. Monkeys developed deficits in performance of delayed matching-to-sample, visual pattern discrimination reversal, and object retrieval tasks, all tasks that rely upon the integrity of the frontal-striatal axis. Performance on a visual pattern discrimination task, that relies primarily on inferotemporal cortex function, remained intact. These results extend previous findings of frontal-like cognitive deficits in MPTP-treated monkeys and further support the use of this model for studying the pathophysiology of the cognitive deficits associated with parkinsonism.
Mass, length and growth rate in single cells.

A heuristic model for the time course of elongation and mass increase of a population of single cells with generation times different from the mean is considered. The fundamental assumption is that the dynamics governing the fluctuations around the mean are the same as those describing the mean itself. Cell length is assumed to depend on cell mass by a 13 power law. The final cell length and mass are obtained by demanding that a daughter cell's initial length and mass obey the same equation as those of the mother cell when the mother cell was born. An exponential time course is assumed for simplicity, although most of the results depend only on the initial and final values, not the actual time behavior. The aspect ratio (length/radius) is found to be a constant for all cells at birth, and twice that value at maturity. Thus the individual generation time is a doubling time for the aspect ratio, even though neither mass nor length double in general. Oscillations in ancestor/progeny generation times are derived, and their stability considered. The model yields a non-hereditary determinant of individual generation time. The well-known skewness in the distribution of individual generation times and the “β-plots” of the transition probability model find a natural explanation in the inequality of cell division.
Why Are Counseling Psychology Students SA Ging

The goal of this manuscript is to encourage Division 17 and counseling psychology students to evaluate the purpose and clarify the mechanisms of the Division 17 Student Affiliate Group (SAG). Survey data collected from 125 postgraduates and 377 students (representing 35 counseling psychology training programs) were analyzed to assess the relationship between student membership in SAG and postgraduate membership in Division 17. In addition to SAG and Division 17 membership status and intentions, the survey qualitatively assessed student opinions about the viability of SAG within Division 17. Results indicate that among postgraduates, SAG membership is significantly correlated with current Division 17 membership, and that current SAG members are somewhat more likely than nonmembers of SAG to state intentions to join Division 17. These results and the summary of the qualitative comments are discussed in terms of perceptions of the extent to which SAG fulfills its role as the link between Division 17 and coun...
Interview: Ethics and law continue to shape psychiatric practice and research

Paul S Appelbaum is the Elizabeth K Dollard Professor of Psychiatry, Medicine and Law, Director of the Division of Law, Ethics and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, NY, USA), a research psychiatrist at the New York State Psychiatric Institute (NY, USA) and an affiliated faculty member at Columbia Law School (NY, USA). He directs Columbia University’s Center for Research on Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Psychiatric, Neurologic and Behavioral Genetics, and heads the Clinical Research Ethics Core for Columbia University’s Clinical and Translational Science Award program. Appelbaum was previously the AF Zeleznik Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry, Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry, and Director of the Law and Psychiatry Program at the University of Massachusetts Medical School (MA, USA). He is the author of many articles and books on law and ethics in clinical practice and research, including four that were awarded the Manfre...
An Inquiry into the Determinants of the Exports of China and India

Regression analysis is used to tease out the relative significance of influences on the supply and demand for the exports of China and India. On the supply side, the value-added tax in China has discouraged export supply. The elimination of the rebate on those taxes will discourage exports. Higher wages discourage exports, but the share of exports by foreign invested enterprise is a positive influence, as is a higher share of value added in output and greater experience in exporting. On the demand side, exports depend in part on aggregate income levels in importing countries. Relative wages have been more important than exchange rates in determining the demands for Chinese and Indian exports. This evidence does not support the pressures for a devaluation of the RMB. There is also evidence of the positive significance of the accustomization of purchasers to buying Chinese exports.
Frontiers in climate change–disease research

The notion that climate change will generally increase human and wildlife diseases has garnered considerable public attention, but remains controversial and seems inconsistent with the expectation that climate change will also cause parasite extinctions. In this review, we highlight the frontiers in climate change–infectious disease research by reviewing knowledge gaps that make this controversy difficult to resolve. We suggest that forecasts of climate-change impacts on disease can be improved by more interdisciplinary collaborations, better linking of data and models, addressing confounding variables and context dependencies, and applying metabolic theory to host–parasite systems with consideration of community-level interactions and functional traits. Finally, although we emphasize host–parasite interactions, we also highlight the applicability of these points to climate-change effects on species interactions in general.
Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in the Rat Remnant Kidney Model and Association with Tubular Epithelial Cells Undergoing Transdifferentiation

Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been shown to mediate many actions of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in the fibrotic response in several diseases. We compared expression of CTGF, TGF-beta, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), TNF-alpha, and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by in situ hybridization in Sprague-Dawley rats euthanized at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after 5/6 nephrectomy using the rat remnant kidney model of renal failure. Collagen was evaluated by trichrome stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. We compared expression patterns to cells undergoing metaplasia. Tubular epithelial regeneration and transdifferentiation to myofibroblasts were assessed morphologically and by proliferating cell nuclear antigen, smooth muscle actin, desmin, and vimentin immunohistochemistry. CTGF expression was minimal in controls, mild at 2 weeks and marked by 4 to 8 weeks in interstitial fibroblasts, coinciding with damage, regeneration, and fibrosis. TGF-beta expression was increased in many cell types at 2 weeks, increased further by 4 weeks, then remained constant. PDGF-B messenger RNA was found in many stromal cells at 2-4 weeks, but expression decreased at 8 weeks. No significant IL-1 or TNF-alpha staining was detected. We conclude that CTGF and interacting factors are associated with development or progression of chronic interstitial fibrosis. Proximity of CTGF, TGF-beta, and PDGF mRNA expression to regenerative epithelial cells and those transdifferentiating to myofibroblasts suggests that growth factors may modulate renal tubular epithelial differentiation.
Effect of Different Nutrient-Restriction Programs Early in Life on Broiler Performance and Abdominal Fat Content

Abstract Restricting nutrients during early life has been suggested as a means of reducing the deposition of abdominal fat in broilers. However, this procedure should be done without sacrificing overall performance. Three experiments were conducted in order to compare the effects produced by different means of early-life nutrient restriction on the performance of broilers and on abdominal-fat deposition. The treatments consisted of: providing feed for ad libitum consumption (control); fasting for 1, 2, or 3 days starting at 5 days of age; restricting feed intake to a maintenance level, calculated for 6 days of age and fed for 6 or 12 days; using a 1:1 dilution, by weight, of the standard diet with inert filler; and providing a 15% feather-meal diet. Weights by sex and feed consumption per pen were obtained at 5, 17, 35, and 49 days of age in Experiments 1 and 2 and at 21, 42, and 49 days of age in Experiment 3. The samples were processed in order to determine the content of abdominal fat. The different restriction programs had inconsistent effects concerning the parameters measured. Feed efficiency was generally improved by nutrient restriction; but programs that reduced abdominal fat also reduced body weight. A compensatory gain was not observed consistently in the experiments.
Suppression of steroid diabetes by Walker carcinoma in the rat.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats wore tube-fed a medium carbohydrate diet twice daily. Steroid diabetes was induced by subcutaneous injection of cortisone acetate each morning. Implantation of Walker Carcinoma 256 into each groin was followed by marked suppression of glycosuria after the tumor began to grow. The growth of tumor was suppressed in proportion to the dose of cortisone. At the end of 10 days the average weight of tumor in rats without cortisone was 25.2 gm.; in similar rats given 15 mg. of cortisone daily the average weight of tumor was 3.31 gm., and the average amount of glucose excreted on the 10th day was 0.61 gm. In rats without tumor given 15 mg. of cortisone daily the average amount of glucose excreted on the 10th day was 5.68 gm. In some tumor hosts the glycosuria disappeared as the tumor grew slowly. Cortisone acetate (15 mg. daily) was tested in animals with established tumors. After tumor growth for 12 days and longer glycosuria could no longer be induced by the steroid. When rats with stero...
Differential MHC class I expression in distinct leukocyte subsets

MHC class I proteins are partly responsible for shaping the magnitude and focus of the adaptive cellular immune response. In humans, conventional wisdom suggests that the HLA-A, -B, and -C alleles are equally expressed on the majority of cell types. While we currently have a thorough understanding of how total MHC class I expression varies in different tissues, it has been difficult to examine expression of single MHC class I alleles due to the homogeneity of MHC class I sequences. It is unclear how cDNA species are expressed in distinct cell subsets in humans and particularly in macaques which transcribe upwards of 20 distinct MHC class I alleles at variable levels.
Dietary restriction and 2-deoxyglucose administration improve behavioral outcome and reduce degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and corresponding motor deficits. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in the neurodegenerative process in PD. Although dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan and reduces levels of cellular oxidative stress in several different organ systems, the impact of DR on age-related neurodegenerative disorders is unknown. We report that DR in adult mice results in resistance of dopaminergic neurons in the SN to the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons and deficits in motor function were ameliorated in DR rats. To mimic the beneficial effect of DR on dopaminergic neurons, we administered 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG; a nonmetabolizable analogue of glucose) to mice fed ad libitum. Mice receiving 2-DG exhibited reduced damage to dopaminergic neurons in the SN and improved behavioral outcome following MPTP treatment. The 2-DG treatment suppressed oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial function, and attenuated cell death in cultured dopaminergic cells exposed to the complex I inhibitor rotenone or Fe2+. 2-DG and DR induced expression of the stress proteins heat-shock protein 70 and glucose-regulated protein 78 in dopaminergic cells, suggesting involvement of these cytoprotective proteins in the neuroprotective actions of 2-DG and DR. The striking beneficial effects of DR and 2-DG in models of PD, when considered in light of recent epidemiological data, suggest that DR may prove beneficial in reducing the incidence of PD in humans.
Discrete-time hazard regression models with hidden heterogeneity: The semiparametric mixed Poisson regression approach

Previous methodological research has shown that hidden heterogeneity in hazard rate regression models—in the form of systematic differences between sample members in the risk or hazard of making a transition due to unobserved variables not accounted for by the measured covariates—can produce biased parameter estimates and erroneous inferences. However, few empirical applications of hazard regression do more than pay lip service to the complications of hidden heterogeneity. In part, this is due to the relative inaccessibility of the mathematical apparatus of continuous-time hazard regression methodology with flexible nonparametric specifications on the hidden heterogeneity. This article presents new methods for incorporating nonparametric specifications of hidden heterogeneity into hazard regressions by developing discrete-time Poisson rate/complementary log-log hazard regression models with nonparametric hidden heterogeneity that are analogous to the continuous-time models of Heckman and Singer. Maximum-l...
Detection of left ventricular dysfunction with Tei index in normal ejection fraction patients with mitral regurgitation before mitral valve surgery.

Ejection fraction (EF) was not considered a reliable parameter of left ventricular (LV) function and was normal in most patients with chronic mitral regurgitation (MR), whereas LV dysfunction expressed as decreased EF was often shown after mitral valve surgery. This study sought the ability of the Tei index to detect latent LV dysfunction in patients with MR and apparently normal EF. One hundred eight patients with apparently normal EF (EF ≥50%) and chronic severe MR who underwent mitral valve repair were investigated. EF was significantly decreased after surgery and LV dysfunction (EF 0.5 to predict postoperative EF 0.5 allowed prediction of postoperative LV dysfunction in patients with MR with apparently normal EF. Thus, earlier surgery is recommended in asymptomatic patients with MR with normal EF, but Tei index >0.5.
Analytic model for a nonlaminated cylindrical magnetic actuator including eddy currents

The eddy currents induced within a nonlaminated cylindrical magnetic actuator by a changing field have a fundamental influence on the actuator's performance. Understanding of these dynamics is essential in designing high-performance actuators and developing control algorithms for them. This paper presents an analytical approach to modeling the relationship between applied magnetomotive force and mechanical force. The approach is based on dividing the actuator into elements according to the flux distribution inside the actuator and finding the frequency-dependent reluctance of the flux paths of each element. An analytic model and its half-order simplification are derived, both of which are explicitly dependent on actuator material and geometric properties. Performance predictions from both analytic models are compared with finite-element analysis, demonstrating the accuracy of the models.
Businessfinder: harnessing presence to enable live yellow pages for small, medium and micro mobile businesses

Applications leveraging network presence in next-generation cellular networks have so far focused on subscription queries, where "presence" information is extracted from specific devices and sent to entities who have subscribed to such presence information. In this article we present BusinessFinder, a service that leverages the underlying cellular presence substrate to provide efficient, on-demand, context-aware matching of customer requests to nomadic micro businesses as well as small and medium businesses having a mobile workforce. Presence, in the context of BusinessFinder, is not simply limited to phone location and device status, but also encompasses dynamic attributes of vendors (both "mobile" and "static"), such as their current availability and workload, expertise and reputation. Besides presenting the architecture and implementation of BusinessFinder with a centralized source of context, we also describe early work on a novel resource-aware query routing algorithm that can efficiently support BusinessFinder query semantics in distributed presence environments of the future
The Effect of Design and Process Parameters on Electromechanical Coupling for a Thin-Film PZT Membrane

In this paper, a finite-element model is used to analyze the performance of a thin-film piezoelectric laminate for power generation applications. The focus is on the effects of residual stress, the ratio of PZT to substrate thickness, the substrate material, electrode coverage, boundary conditions, and side length on the electromechanical coupling coefficient. The results show that the residual stress has the most substantial effect on the electromechanical coupling coefficient and should be minimized to increase the electromechanical coupling. Attention to other design parameters can be used to further optimize electromechanical coupling. Electrode coverage should be kept close to 50%. For Si substrates, a Si/PZT ratio of 4 maximizes the electromechanical coupling coefficient. Substrates with higher stiffness lead to superior electromechanical coupling. The results show that design changes, which lead to increased electromechanical coupling, also lead to greater efficiency
Mammalian herbivore communities, ancient feeding ecology, and carbon isotopes: A 10 million-year sequence from the Neogene of Florida

ABSTRACT Medium- to large-bodied mammalian herbivores are taxonomically diverse and comprise a large component of the highly fossiliferous Neogene terrestrial sedimentary sequence from Florida. In order to reconstruct herbivore paleodiets and community paleoecology as well as understand climate and ecosystem change, 112 pristine tooth enamel samples were analyzed for at least 12 families and 26 genera within the orders Proboscidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla. These samples are from 17 localities and seven time horizons of late Miocene (Hemphillian) through late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) age and between about 9.5 Ma to 100,000 yrs ago. Stable carbon isotopic analyses indicate that during the late Miocene local terrestrial communities and herbivore paleodiets consisted exclusively, or predominantly, of C3 plants, e.g., mean tooth enamel δ13C value is −11.9%o from the 9.5 Ma level. During the latest Miocene-early Pliocene (after 7 Ma) there is a shift in mean δ13C values of tooth enamel to −7.0%o (4....
VEHICLE HIGH MILEAGE POWERTRAIN MOUNT DEGRADATION ANALYSIS

Vehicle high mileage warranty issues associated with powertrain mounts are one of the major concerns in vehicle design for long-term customer satisfaction. The present paper is concerned with a root cause understanding of high mileage degradation mechanisms of hydraulic engine mounts. Engine mount stiffness degradation characteristics are studied using laboratory test data. The correlation between the number of powertrain mount related warranty claims and mean temperatures of different geographic areas in the United States is presented. The effects of underhood thermal management design on mount temperature and strategies for improving high mileage mount degradation are discussed.
How Serious are Methodological Issues in Surveys? A Reexamination of the Clarence Thomas Polls

Opinion polling procedures allow for reasonable inferences about attitude changes. We examined this contention using surveys about the nomination of Clarence Thomas. In this situation, prior theory allowed us to predict the direction of changes, surveys had been conducted by a number of organizations, and substantial information was available about the methodology used in the surveys. As a result we concluded that the deteriorating opinions of Thomas were real. Polls suggest that there was a change of opinions about Clarence Thomas in the year following the confirmation hearings that put him on the Supreme Court (Rucinski 1993). In 15 polls conducted in 1991, an average of 51% of the respondents were pro-Thomas. In contrast, only 37% of the respondents were pro-Thomas in three 1992 surveys. 1
Phase noise in CMOS differential LC oscillators

An analysis of phase noise in differential cross-coupled tuned tank voltage controlled oscillators is presented. The effect of active device noise sources as well as the noise due to the passive elements are taken into account. The predictions are in good agreement with the measurements for different tail currents and supply voltages. The effect of the complementary cross-coupled pair is analyzed and verified experimentally. A 1.8 GHz LC oscillator with a phase noise of -121 dBc/Hz at 600 kHz is demonstrated, dissipating 6 mW of power using spiral inductors.
The impact of postoperative atrial fibrillation and race on long-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting

Background and Aim Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a known predictor of in-hospital morbidity and short-term survival after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The impact of race and long-term survival has not been examined in this population. We aimed to examine the influence of these factors on long-term survival in patients undergoing CABG. Methods Patients undergoing first-time, isolated CABG between 1992 and 2011 were included in this study. Long-term survival was compared in patients with and without POAF and stratified by race. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using a Cox regression model. Results A total of 2,907 (22%) patients developed POAF (black n = 370; white n = 2,537) following CABG (N = 13,165). Median follow-up for study participants was 8.2 years. Long-term survival after CABG differed by POAF status and race (no POAF: HR = 1.0; white POAF: adjusted HR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.06–1.2; black POAF: adjusted HR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2–1.6; pTrend = 0.0002). Black POAF patients also died sooner after surgery than their white counterparts (adjusted HR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.02–1.4). Conclusion Black race was a statistically significant predictor of decreased survival among POAF patients after CABG. This finding provides useful outcome information for surgeons and their patients. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12178 (J Card Surg 2013;28:484–491)
Decentralized team decision via coding

We consider a class of decentralized team decision problems with non classical information structure and discrete state spaces. In general, decentralized team decision problems are NP-complete. In this paper, we present a simple class of problems where an optimal solution can be obtained via coding. This class is motivated by a famous mathematical puzzle called the hats problem.
Effectiveness of Spinosad on Four Classes of Wheat Against Five Stored-Product Insects

Spinosad is a commercial reduced-risk pesticide that is naturally derived. Spinosad’s performance was evaluated on four classes of wheat (hard red winter, hard red spring, soft red winter, and durum wheats) against adults of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.); rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.); sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.); red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst); and larvae of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner). Beetle adults (25) or P. interpunctella eggs (50) were exposed to untreated wheat and wheat treated with spinosad at 0.1 and 1 mg (AI)/kg of grain. On all untreated wheat classes, adult beetle mortality ranged from 0 to 6%, and P. interpunctella larval mortality ranged from 10 to 19%. The effects of spinosad on R. dominica and P. interpunctella were consistent across all wheat classes. Spinosad killed all exposed R. dominica adults and significantly suppressed progeny production (84–100%) and kernel damage (66–100%) at both rates compared with untreated wheat. Spinosad was extremely effective against P. interpunctella on all wheat classes at 1 mg/kg, based on larval mortality (97.6–99.6%), suppression of egg-to-adult emergence (93–100%), and kernel damage (95–100%), relative to similar effects on untreated wheats. The effects of spinosad on S. oryzae varied among wheat classes and between spinosad rates. Spinosad was effective against S. oryzae, O. surinamensis and T. castaneum only on durum wheat at 1 mg/kg. Our results suggest spinosad to be a potential grain protectant for R. dominica and P. interpunctella management in stored wheat.
STING: finding name resolution vulnerabilities in programs

The process of name resolution, where names are resolved into resource references, is fundamental to computer science, but its use has resulted in several classes of vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are difficult for programmers to eliminate because their cause is external to the program: the adversary changes namespace bindings in the system to redirect victim programs to a resource of the adversary's choosing. Researchers have also found that these attacks are very difficult to prevent systematically. Any successful defense must have both knowledge about the system namespace and the program intent to eradicate such attacks. As a result, finding and fixing program vulnerabilities to such as attacks is our best defense. In this paper, we propose the STING test engine, which finds name resolution vulnerabilities in programs by performing a dynamic analysis of name resolution processing to produce directed test cases whenever an attack may be possible. The key insight is that such name resolution attacks are possible whenever an adversary has write access to a directory shared with the victim, so STING automatically identifies when such directories will be accessed in name resolution to produce test cases that are likely to indicate a true vulnerability if undefended. Using STING, we found 21 previously-unknown vulnerabilities in a variety of Linux programs on Ubuntu and Fedora systems, demonstrating that comprehensive testing for name resolution vulnerabilities is practical.
Agent-based simulation in support of moving target cyber defense technology development and evaluation

Moving target (MT) technologies are a class of cyber security defensive techniques that seek to protect computer networks by making them less homogenous, less static, and less deterministic in order to increase the complexity required for a successful cyber attack. MT techniques are associated with performance costs, and thus their effectiveness and overhead must be evaluated before deployment in a live setting. However, testing the effectiveness and usage costs of a newly-developed MT technique on a live computer network is a costly process. This paper presents an agent-based approach for simulating an operational network and measuring the impact of security policies that incorporate MT technologies. The proposed agent-based simulation system (ABS) is intended to evaluate candidate MT techniques and provide important and cost-effective support for the overall MT technology development and testing process. We demonstrate the ABS model via a case study that evaluates a particular MT technology and discuss how this evaluation via simulation can be used to support the larger process of MT technology development and testing.
Determination of 2-Acyl Positional Fatty Acid Distribution in Vegetable Oils by High Resolution 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

2-Acyl positional fatty acid distribution of edible vegetable oils was determined by high resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Quantitative analysis of each 2-acylpositional fatty acids were carried out by dividing each peak area by that of total carbonyl or olefinic carbon on 13C-NMR. Individual chemical shifts were observed for the fatty acids with resolution enhancement. The carbonyl region could be used to identify oils containing only saturates, oleyl and linoleyl group at 2-acyl position. The olefinic region was useful for determining the number of acyl groups that gave rise to superimposed carbonyl peaks, as in the case of linoleyl and linolenyl. 13C-NMR conditions which affect time saving and quantitative analsis was examined. As a result, total time required to obtain the data from olefinic region is reduced to about 3h per each sample. The 13C-NMR method was assessed for capacity in making quantitative determinating using the Lipase-GC method. Regression of data obtained by the two methods showed satisfactory correlation. The olefinic and carbonyl spectral regions when used together provide information essential for determining full acyl positional distribution.
Ergonomics in e consumesr products

It is becoming very hard for consumers to select products and to evaluate if they realized satisfy thier requirements. The situation is the more disorderly as miscellaneous and enormous amount of products are offered the consumers. To overcome this problem, it should be realized that the human factors researches have to fill an important role in improving the man-machine system not only in machines, tools and instruments but in the articles of common and daily use. New articles having better quality and performance should thus be developed.The recent development in the field of industrial design has vontributed to improve the quality of consumers' goods, since the fundamental thought of design is to attach great important to human characteristics and this idea is consistent with that of ergonomics. The relationship between design and human factors was discussed and examples of research approaches to consumer products were introduced. Some future problems of consumer products design were also referred to.
Hypertension is the primary component of metabolic syndrome associated with pathologic features of kidney cancer.

To determine whether individual and/or cumulative components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia) are associated with pathologic features of kidney cancer. A review of our kidney tumor database identified 462 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. The NCEP ATP-III criteria were used to define metabolic syndrome (MetS). Linear fixed effects modeling and ordinal logistic regression examined the relationship between MetS (individual and cumulative components) and pathologic characteristics. Two hundred and seventy-eight men and 184 women with a median age of 58 years, BMI of 31 kg/m2, tumor size of 3.7 cm, and nephrometry score of 6 were included. Ninety-seven (21 %) patients met NCEP ATP-III criteria for MetS. Hypertension was the only individual component of MetS associated with pathologic features of kidney cancer including increased tumor size [geometric mean ratio 1.17 (1.05–1.32), P = 0.03], higher tumor grade [OR 1.49 (1.03–2.17), P = 0.04], increasing nephrometry score [OR 1.77 (1.28–2.48), P = 0.001], and non-clear cell histology [OR 1.42 (1.01–2.02), P = 0.05]. Furthermore, combinations of MetS components were associated with increased tumor grade (P = 0.02), tumor stage (P = 0.02), nephrometry score (P ≤ 0.001), and non-clear cell histology (P = 0.02), only when hypertension was included. MetS is composed of four risk factors each implicated in carcinogenesis. We identified hypertension as the primary component associated with specific pathologic features of kidney cancer. Further studies are necessary to elucidate whether the effect of hypertension is a function of severity and/or chronicity.
Computation and Communication Evaluation of an Authentication Mechanism for Time-Triggered Networked Control Systems

In modern networked control applications, confidentiality and integrity are important features to address in order to prevent against attacks. Moreover, network control systems are a fundamental part of the communication components of current cyber-physical systems (e.g., automotive communications). Many networked control systems employ Time-Triggered (TT) architectures that provide mechanisms enabling the exchange of precise and synchronous messages. TT systems have computation and communication constraints, and with the aim to enable secure communications in the network, it is important to evaluate the computational and communication overhead of implementing secure communication mechanisms. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the effects of adding a Hash-based Message Authentication (HMAC) to TT networked control systems. The contributions of the paper include (1) the analysis and experimental validation of the communication overhead, as well as a scalability analysis that utilizes the experimental result for both wired and wireless platforms and (2) an experimental evaluation of the computational overhead of HMAC based on a kernel-level Linux implementation. An automotive application is used as an example, and the results show that it is feasible to implement a secure communication mechanism without interfering with the existing automotive controller execution times. The methods and results of the paper can be used for evaluating the performance impact of security mechanisms and, thus, for the design of secure wired and wireless TT networked control systems.
Community Involvement of Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Their Experiences and Perspectives on Inclusion.

Background Inclusion in the community is essential to enhancing a person's quality of life. Although people with intellectual disabilities have a desire to be more involved in activities, they experience barriers that limit their inclusion. Methods The purpose of this study was to describe the community involvement of young adults with intellectual disability. I interviewed fourteen young adults with intellectual disability to explore their involvement in work, recreation and leisure activities. Findings Four themes emerged from the data: vocational endeavours, leisure pursuits, social inclusion and supports. The contexts of their experiences either facilitated or hindered their community involvement. Conclusions The community involvement of young adults with intellectual disability varies depending on the opportunities and supports available to them. Their inclusion in the community may be enhanced by additional transportation options, continuing education in vocational and social skills, personalized guidance from group members and environments that are welcoming to people with disabilities.
Motor Fitness Tests for High School Girls

(1945). Motor Fitness Tests for High School Girls. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 302-314.
The Latin Aristotle

There is some temptation to say that the history of Aristotle in medieval Latin philosophy just is the history of medieval Latin philosophy. This would be to oversimplify matters. The fountainhead of Christian philosophy, Augustine (354–430 ad), betrays almost no familiarity with Aristotelian thought, and describes in the Confessions (IV.xvi.28) how he was underwhelmed by a reading of the Categories at the age of 20. Boethius (c. 476‒c. 526) aspired to translate into Latin and comment upon the whole Aristotelian corpus, and reconcile it with Plato as well, but only a fraction of the project (the logic) was completed. It was this fragment that provided virtually the sole basis for the study of Aristotle in the Latin West until the later twelfth century, when substantially the whole Aristotelian corpus finally became available in Latin. Moreover, even once the influence of Aristotle was felt in its full force—and even more so before then—Platonism remained a strong influence on Latin philosophy. Although almost none of Plato’s own works were available until the fifteenth century (almost nothing but the Timaeus through 53B), a version of Platonism was transmitted through the Neoplatonism infusing Augustine’s thought, as well as through various Neoplatonic tracts that made their way into the Latin philosophical canon. (Of these the most notable were the Liber de causis, derived from Proclus, and the writings of pseudo-Dionysius. Indeed, for a time the Liber de causis was included among the works of Aristotle.) There is, in short, a lot to be said about the ways in which medieval Latin philosophy is not Aristotelian. Still, it can scarcely be denied that the ideas of Aristotle are of unparalleled significance for Latin medieval thought. The most fundamental reason is that, for as long as there were schools of philosophy in the Latin Middle Ages, Aristotle’s works constituted the core of the philosophical curriculum. As OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – FIRST-PROOF, 01/06/12, NEWGEN
Abortion and subsequent depressive symptoms: an analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health

Background Twenty states currently require that women seeking abortion be counseled on possible psychological responses, with six states stressing negative responses. The majority of research finds that women whose unwanted pregnancies end in abortion do not subsequently have adverse mental health outcomes; scant research examines this relationship for young women. Methods Four waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health were analyzed. Population-averaged lagged logistic and linear regression models were employed to test the relationship between pregnancy resolution outcome and subsequent depressive symptoms, adjusting for prior depressive symptoms, history of traumatic experiences, and sociodemographic covariates. Depressive symptoms were measured using a nine-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Analyses were conducted among two subsamples of women whose unwanted first pregnancies were resolved in either abortion or live birth: (1) 856 women with an unwanted first pregnancy between Waves 2 and 3; and (2) 438 women with an unwanted first pregnancy between Waves 3 and 4 (unweighted n’s). Results In unadjusted and adjusted linear and logistic regression analyses for both subsamples, there was no association between having an abortion after an unwanted first pregnancy and subsequent depressive symptoms. In fully adjusted models, the most recent measure of prior depressive symptoms was consistently associated with subsequent depressive symptoms. Conclusions In a nationally representative, longitudinal dataset, there was no evidence that young women who had abortions were at increased risk of subsequent depressive symptoms compared with those who give birth after an unwanted first pregnancy.
Parent–Adolescent Relationships among Chinese Immigrant Families: An Indigenous Concept of Qin

This study investigated cultural meanings of positive Chinese parent-child relationships through exploration of an indigenous concept, qin, as experienced by Chinese American adolescents of immigrant parents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15, first- and second-generation Chinese American high school students of immigrant parents, focusing on adolescents' descriptions of the meaning of qin and parental behaviors that foster this quality. According to the Chinese American adolescents who were interviewed, being qin with parents was characterized as closeness to parents and a general sense of togetherness and harmony; showing parents their love through respect, obedience, academic effort, and appreciation; and open communication with the parents particularly about school. This relationship is primarily fostered by parental devotion and sacrifice, particularly for the child's education, future opportunities, success, and needs. The results highlight the role of child reciprocation of love and devotion for the parents in a qin relationship.
A Review of “Waiting for the Call: From Preacher's Daughter to Lesbian Mom”

My partner gave me a “hot off the press” copy of Dr. Taylor's memoir for my birthday this year. The compelling, engaging, and entertaining story of a Southern Baptist preacher's daughter who crashe...
5-cycle systems of ( λ + m ) K v + 1 - λ K v and λ K v + u - λ K v

In Bryant et?al. (1996) it is shown that there exists a 5-cycle system of K v + u - K v if and only if the obvious necessary conditions are satisfied. One purpose of this paper is to extend this result by providing the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a 5-cycle system of λ K v + u - λ K v .It was shown in Asplund et?al. (2013) that if there exists a 5-cycle system of λ K v , then there exists a 5-cycle system of ( λ + m ) K v + 1 - λ K v if and only if v is ( λ , 5 ) -admissible. The second purpose of this paper is to extend this result by removing the requirement that there exists a 5-cycle system of λ K v . In doing so, we will show that there exists a 5-cycle system of ( λ + m ) K v + 1 - λ K v if and only if the obvious necessary conditions are satisfied, except possibly in two cases.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome as a Rare Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. (P2.447)

Objective: To describe a rare case of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) as the initial presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Background: GBS is a monophasic autoimmune polyneuropathy most well described following a trigger such as an antecedent viral illness, vaccination or surgery. SLE has been associated with several neuropsychiatric syndromes involving both central and peripheral nervous systems, including (infrequently) GBS. But, GBS as the first manifestation of SLE is exceedingly rare and not well understood. Design/Methods: Case report of a young woman seen at University of Oklahoma Medical Center for ascending weakness and areflexia without an obvious trigger. Results: An 18-year-old woman with a history of migraine and hypertension was transferred from a community hospital to OUMC for 2-week-history of ascending weakness, facial diplegia, stocking-glove hypesthesia with sensory ataxia, and diffuse areflexia with a working diagnosis of GBS. On arrival, she was intubated for respiratory decompensation, and admitted to Neurosciences ICU. Exam Due to lack of obvious trigger, and extensive work-up was launched- MRI neuraxis with enhancement of lumbar ventral nerve roots, CSF with characteristic albuminocytologic dissociation, markedly elevated ANA titer, low complement 4, positive anti-phospholipid antibody panel, and anti-dsDNA. CT chest showed diffuse lymphadenopathy and serositis, and with this information Rheumatology was consulted, and made a diagnosis of SLE. GBS as an initial presentation of SLE has only been reported 11 times in the last 65 years. Based on what little literature was available, she was treated with both plasmapheresis and pulse steroids, with remarkable improvement resulting in successful extubation and early ambulation. She was eventually discharged on Plaquenil with plans to start Azathioprine as an outpatient. Conclusions: GBS without an obvious preceding trigger should be investigated extensively, as the underlying etiologic diagnosis will affect treatment modality, and thereby secondarily impact morbidity and length of stay. Disclosure: Dr. Chandrashekhar has nothing to disclose. Dr. De Sousa has nothing to disclose.
Fasting vs. postprandial evaluation of iron deficiency anemia in cancer.

e18876Background: Iron deficiency anemia in patients with cancer is a frequent complication that may be present at diagnosis and worsen with disease. It has been reported in 32-60% of patients with...
More Robust Standard Error and Confidence Interval for SEM Parameters Given Incorrect Model and Nonnormal Data

In applications of structural equation modeling, the assumptions of correct model and normal data for maximum likelihood (ML) estimation almost never hold. Currently, the most common solution is to...
EMnet: an unrolled deep neural network for PET image reconstruction

PET image reconstruction is challenging due to the ill-poseness of the inverse problem and limited number of detected photons. Recently deep neural networks have been widely applied to medical imaging denoising applications. In this work, based on the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, we propose an unrolled neural network framework for PET image reconstruction, named EMnet. An innovative feature of the proposed framework is that the deep neural network is combined with the EM update steps in a whole graph. Thus data consistency can act as a constraint during network training. Both simulation data and real data are used to evaluate the proposed method. Quantification results show that our proposed EMnet method can outperform the neural network denoising and Gaussian denoising methods.