cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Resin composites for foundation restorations.

This study focused on the compressive properties of two core buildup materials, Ti-Core, (EDS, Inc.) and FluoroCore, (L.D. Caulk). Specimens were 0.6 x 1.2 cm cylinders, Prior to testing, the specimens were aged in a moist environment for one, seven, or 28 day(s). The properties of interest were compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and toughness. The data set for each of the three compressive properties was subjected to a separate two-way analysis of variance. Scheffe F-tests were used to compare means. Whereas the effect of material on each of the three properties was significant (p 0.400) and material x specimen age (p > 0.350) were not significant. FluoroCore was stronger and tougher than Ti-Core. On the other hand, Ti-Core displayed the highest stiffness, but ruptured brittley. The moderately low strength of Ti-Core, and the insufficient elastic modulus of FluoroCore, avert favorable recommendations pertaining to the construction of foundation restorations.
Sensitivity of SWIFT spectroscopy

SWIFT spectroscopy (Shifted Wave Interference Fourier Transform Spectroscopy) is a coherent beatnote technique that can be used to measure the temporal profiles of periodic optical signals. While it has been essential in understanding the physics of various mid-infrared and terahertz frequency combs, its ultimate limits have not been discussed. We show that the envelope of a SWIFTS interferogram is physically meaningful and is directly related to autocorrelation. We derive analytical expressions for the SWIFTS signals of two prototypical cases—chirped pulses from a mode-locked laser and a frequency-modulated comb—and derive scaling laws for the noise of these measurements, showing how it can be mitigated. Finally, we confirm this analysis by performing the first SWIFTS measurements of near-infrared pulses from femtosecond lasers, establishing the validity of the technique for highly-dispersed sub-picojoule pulses.
State of Evidence in Minimally Invasive Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux: Findings of a Scoping Review.

Backgrounds & Aims Endoscopic management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being employed increasingly. The aim of this scoping review was to assess the volume of available evidence on the benefits of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical therapies for GERD. METHODS criteria were used to perform an extensive literature search of data regarding the reported benefit of endoscopic therapies in GERD. Randomized controlled studies were utilized when available; however, data from observational studies were also reviewed. Results A formal review of evidence was performed in 22 studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria and study duration were noted and tabulated. Assessment of outcomes was based on symptoms and objective criteria reported by investigators. Reported outcomes for the interventions were tabulated under the heading of subjective (symptom scores, quality of life metrics, and change in proton pump inhibitor use) and objective metrics (pH parameters, endoscopic signs, and lower esophageal sphincter pressure changes). Adverse events were noted and tabulated. The majority of studies showed symptomatic and objective improvement of GERD with the device therapies. Adverse events were minimal. However, normalization of acid exposure occurred in about 50% of patients and, for some modalities, long-term durability is uncertain. Conclusions This scoping review revealed that the endoluminal and minimally invasive surgical devices for GERD therapy are a promising alternative to proton pump inhibitor therapy. Their place in the treatment algorithm for GERD will be better defined when important clinical parameters, especially durability of effect, are better understood.
Getting more for less: new software solutions for glycoproteomics.

Algorithms from the Nesvizhskii and Smith groups facilitate faster and more comprehensive glycopeptide assignments from mass spectrometry datasets.
Parents’ Lived Experiences With the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people across the globe. We explored 11 parents’ experiences with the pandemic and identified eight themes: (a) educational experience, (b) navigating roles and r...
Journal of Clinical Education in Physical Therapy – the first year in review

One year ago, we launched the Journal of Clinical Education in Physical Therapy (JCEPT) with the twin aims of facilitating communication among all involved in physical therapy clinical education and developing educational scholarship related to clinical training. Since then we have leaned on our distinguished JCEPT editorial board, that represent a variety of clinical specialties and roles in physical therapy education, to continue to develop our website and the growing number of submitted manuscripts. In keeping with the mission, three papers have now been published: one perspective addresses the communication network among the many stakeholders in physical therapy clinical education; and two studies examine the integration of simulation into physical therapy curricula.
A Student Telephone Intervention for Primary Care Patient Safety During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background and Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students were unable to participate in clinical learning for several weeks Many primary care patients no-showed to appointments and did not receive care We implemented a telephone outreach program using medical students to call primary care patients who no-showed to appointments and did not receive care Methods: A brief plan-do-study-act cycle was used to establish protocols and supervision for the phone calls Results: In the first 5 weeks, of 3,274 scheduled patients there were 426 no-shows;309 received outreach from students We developed protocols for supervision, routing, and triage Conclusion: It is feasible and educationally valuable to collaborate with students to reach patients who are at home due to the pandemic Other practices could adapt this tool in similar situations
PHENOTYPIC CORRELATION AND GROWTH RATE OF BODY WEIGHT AND LINEAR BODY CHARACTERISTICS OF MARSHALL AND ARBOR ACRE BROILER CHICKENS REARED IN A HUMID ENVIRONMENT, NIGERIA

Study on body weight and linear body parameters records of Marshall and Arbor Acre lines of broilers were obtained at 4 to 8 week and used to compare growth performance of the two lines of broiler as well as estimate the relationship among body weight and their linear relationship among body weight and their linear body parameters. 220 unsex day old chicks consisting of 110 each for Marshall and Arbor Acre strains of broiler were used for the research. The traits that were considered in this research work were body length, wing length shank length drumstick length and Kneel length. Body weights were varied significantly at 5, 6 and 7 weeks of age which ranged from 935.15 to 1583.22 for Marshal and 1136.57 to 1742.67 for Arbor Acre. Arbor Acre appeared superior to Marshall significantly (P<0.05) in their body measurement parameter in most weeks of age. Body weight had higher significant (P<0.05; p < 0.01) positive rp with the linear body parameter, which ranged from 0.523 (DSL) – 0.832 (BL) for Marshal and 0.542 (KL) – 0.843 (BL) for Arbor Acre. The rp among the linear body parameters in both strains of broilers were positive and ranged from moderate to high. The result of this recent research indicated that Arbor Acre could be a strain of excellent for rearing in the study location due to its superiority over Marshall strain in relations to growth performance. Most of the linear body parameters measured were very good estimators of body weight in both strains as well as each other, indicating that any phenotypic selection on one parameter will lead to improvement of the others.
Psychopathy, Academic Accountants' Attitudes toward Unethical Research Practices, and Publication Success

ABSTRACT: Psychopathy is characterized by deficits of conscience and empathy, and is measurable in nonclinical populations. It is one of the “Dark Triad” of personality variables, but has received minimal attention in accounting literature, despite obvious implications for fraud. In the practice of empirical research, two sides of the “Fraud Triangle,” motive and opportunity, are in place, awaiting only rationalization. For one high on the psychopathy scale, rationalization of fraud is easy or moot. Widespread fraud exists in scientific research, and studies indicate that accounting is not exempt. I hypothesize and find a positive effect of psychopathy on article publication count in leading accounting journals, mediated by individuals' greater acceptance of unethical acts in research and publication. Participants are 546 North American accounting faculty who have published in accounting research journals, who are lower on the psychopathy scale than previous samples from other populations. Policy and rese...
Sequential organ failure assessment, ventilator rationing and evolving triage guidance: new evidence underlines the need to recognise and revise, unjust allocation frameworks

We respond to recent comments on our proposal to improve justice in ventilator triage, in which we used as an example New Jersey's (NJ) publicly available and legally binding Directive Number 2020-03. We agree with Bernard Lo and Doug White that equity implications of triage frameworks should be continually reassessed, which is why we offered six concrete options for improvement, and called for monitoring the consequences of adopted triage models. We disagree with their assessment that we mis-characterised their Model Guidance, as included in the NJ Directive, in ways that undermine our conclusions. They suggest we erroneously described their model as a two-criterion allocation framework; that recognising other operant criterion reveals it 'likely mitigate[s] rather than exacerbate[s] racial disparities during triage', and allege that concerns about inequitable outcomes are 'without evidence'. We highlight two major studies robustly demonstrating why concerns about disparate outcomes are justified. We also show that White and Lo seek to retrospectively-and counterfactually-correct the version of the Model Guideline included in the NJ Directive. However, as our facsimile reproductions show, neither the alleged four-criteria form, nor other key changes, such as dropping the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, are found in the Directive. These points matter because (1) our conclusions hence stand, (2) because the public version of the Model Guidance had not been updated to reduce the risk of inequitable outcomes until June 2021 and (3) NJ's Directive still does not reflect these revisions, and, hence, represents a less equitable version, as acknowledged by its authors. We comment on broader policy implications and call for ways of ensuring accurate, transparent and timely updates for users of high-stakes guidelines.
Cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 infection: state of the art review.

Introduction : COVID-19 infection is associated with many different systemic complications. Among those, cardiovascular system complications are particularly important as it is associated with significant mortality. There are many different subgroups of cardiovascular complications with Arrhythmias being one of them. Arrhythmias are especially important as there are a substantial percentage of patients that have arrhythmia after a COVID-19 infection, and these patients are seen with an increased mortality rate. This review's main interest is understanding some of the specific post COVID-19 arrhythmic complications and their predisposing factors. Areas covered : This paper will highlight the findings of studies regarding cardiovascular system disease after COVID-19 infection, different specific arrhythmic complications of COVID-19, and changes of electrophysiologic interventions post COVID-19 outbreak in different centers round the world. An extensive literature search was done to find pertinent articles. Expert opinion Studies show us that a significant percentage of COVID-19 patients have arrhythmia. Many distinct types of arrhythmias are associated with COVID-19 infection and specific risk factors of these arrhythmias are important as this information can be used to detect and prioritize certain at-risk patients for early treatment. Which can mean life or death in some cases.
STEVEN J. MILLER, Metadata for Digital Collections: A How-To-Do-It Manual

Metadata for Digital Collections: A How-To-Do-It Manual. STEVEN J. MILLER. New York: Neal-Schuman, 2011. xxiii, 343 p. ISBN 978-1-55570-746-0.
Moving from “Broken Windows” to Healthy Neighborhood Policy: Reforming Urban Nuisance Law in Public and Private Sectors

City and state governments throughout the country are increasingly turning to public nuisance law as a way to preserve public order in urban neighborhoods. Many cities have established problem property units to encourage neighborhoods to actively report public nuisance conditions and behaviors. This public order enforcement certainly fills an enforcement gap for both criminal and landlord-tenant law, but its misuse threatens dire consequences for the disenfranchised urban poor. Public nuisance law is a powerful injunctive force that can rapidly change the composition of neighborhoods, and, used improperly, can be a means to cultural, economic, and racial homogeneity. Despite the extensive academic literature on urban renewal, there is little written about the authority and advisability of the current policy trend towards the use of public nuisance law. This Note attempts to fill this scholarly void in several ways. First, it provides an overview of the history and present application of public nuisance law, with particular attention paid to the expansion of the doctrine during the nineteenth century. Second, it summarizes the many weaknesses of the broken windows policy system that currently dominates public nuisance law. Finally, it proposes a novel combination of both public and private reforms to state and local public nuisance law to ensure the proper use of public nuisance law. In particular, this Note argues that the infusion of economic value into an area of entitlement presents the best hope of striking a balance between enforcing public order while protecting vulnerable residents. Though difficult, this is a balance that all healthy urban neighborhoods must actively seek and maintain.
Business impact analysis using time correlations

A novel method for analyzing time-series data and extracting time-correlations (time-dependent relationships) among multiple time-series data streams is described. The application of time-correlation detection in business impact analysis (BIA) is explained on an example. The method described in this paper is the first one that can efficiently detect and report time-dependent relationships among multiple time-series data streams. Detected time-correlation rules explain how the changes in the values of one set of time-series data streams influence the values in another set of time-series data streams. Those rules can be stored digitally and fed into various data analysis tools, such as simulation, forecasting, impact analysis, etc., for further analysis of the data. Performance experiments showed that the described method is 95% accurate, and has a linear running time with respect to the amount of input data.
Linkage analysis of familial Alzheimer disease, using chromosome 21 markers.

Abstract Chromosome 21 markers were tested for linkage to familial Alzheimer disease (FAD) in 48 kindreds. These families had multiple cases of Alzheimer disease (AD) in 2 or more generations with family age-at-onset means (M) ranging from 41 to 83 years. Included in this group are seven Volga German families which are thought to be genetically homogeneous with respect to FAD. Autopsy documentation of AD was available for 32 families. Linkage to the 21 q11-q21 region was tested using D21S16, D21S13, D21S110, D21S1/S11, and the APP gene as genetic markers. When linkage results for all the families were summed, the LOD scores for these markers were consistently negative and the entire region was formally excluded. Linkage results were also summed for the following family groups; late-onset (M > 60), early-onset (M ≤ 60), Volga Germans (M = 56), and early-onset non–Volga Germans (M ≤ 60). For the first three groups, LOD scores were negative for this region. For the early-onset non–Volga German group (six families), small positive LOD scores of Zmax = 0.78 (recombination fraction θ = .15), Zmax = 0.27 (θ = .15), and Zmax = 0.64 (θ = .0), were observed for D21S13, D21S16, and D21S110, respectively. The remainder of the long arm of chromosome 21 was tested for linkage to FAD using seven markers spanning the q22 region. Results for these markers were also predominantly negative. Thus it is highly unlikely that a chromosome 21 gene is responsible for late-onset FAD and at least some forms of early-onset FAD represented by the Volga German kindreds.
Mended by the Muse: Creative Transformations of Trauma

Richman, Introduction. Out of Darkness. Understanding Creativity: The Theoretical Landscape. Inspiration, Insanity and the Paradox of Dissociation. The Survivor and the Muse. Art Born of Genocide. Conversations with Artists. Orfanos, Music and the Great Wound. When the Analyst Writes a Memoir. Jung's Memoirs. Confrontation with Mortality.
The Origin of Mind: Evolution of Brain, Cognition, and General Intelligence

Darwin considered an understanding of the evolution of the human mind and brain to be of major importance to the evolutionary sciences. This groundbreaking book sets out a comprehensive, integrated theory of why and how the human mind has developed to function as it does. Geary proposes that human motivational, affective, behavioral, and cognitive systems have evolved to process social and ecological information (e.g., facial expressions) that covaried with survival or reproductive options during human evolution. Further, he argues that the ultimate focus of all of these systems is to support our attempts to gain access to and control of resources - more specifically, the social (e.g., mates), biological (e.g., food), and physical (e.g., territory) resources that supported successful survival and reproduction over time. In this view, Darwin's conceptualization of natural selection as a "struggle for existence" becomes, for us, a struggle with other human beings for control of the available resources. This struggle provides a means of integrating modular brain and cognitive systems such as language with those brain and cognitive systems that support general intelligence. To support his arguments, Geary draws on an impressive array of recent findings in cognitive science and neuroscience as well as primatology, anthropology, and sociology. The book also explores a number of issues that are of interest in modern society, including how general intelligence relates to academic achievement, occupational status, and income. Readers will find this book a thought-provoking read and an impetus for new theories of mind.
Accounting Reform in Armenia

This paper describes and summarizes the USAID Accounting Reform Project in Armenia. After a brief introduction that discusses the history and culture of Armenia, the paper goes into a discussion of the major aspects of accounting reform, which included assisting the Finance Ministry adopt and implement International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA), translating accounting materials into Armenian and Russian, upgrading the accounting curriculum at all the major universities and institutes, facilitating the growth of a private sector accounting association, assisting in the development of continuing professional education programs (CPE) for practitioners and helping to establish an accounting certification program. The author was employed by a private consulting firm that had the USAID accounting reform contract for Armenia.
Impact of Closed-Loop Gift Card Promotions By Businesses

At their inception, gift cards were sold by businesses to customers to give as gifts to others. More recently, gift cards are beingused strategically by businesses to manage and transform their relationships with customers. Of particular interest here is the closed-loop gift card that can only be redeemed at the business whose name is on it. This analysis discusses the impact of closed-loop gift card promotions and evaluates the impact of these promotions ontotal spending, lift and redemption rates.
A critical evaluation of the mechanism of potential response of antigen polymer membranes to the corresponding antiserum

Abstract A critical evaluation of the potentiometric response of polymer-based electrodes to proteins is described. Despite the rather poor reproducibility of some of these measurements, it was established that the interface at a PVC membrane containing cardiolipin, lecithin and cholesterol with electrolyte solutions is non-polarized. It is suggested that the observed changes of potential are due to the changes of exchange current densities of individual ions which participate in the ion-exchange process and establish a mixed potential at that interface. Although some degree of immunochemical coupling is present, these sensors would be difficult to utilize as immunoelectrodes.
The isolation and amino acid composition of the organic matrix and neutral soluble proteins of developing rodent enamel

Abstract It has been possible to isolate and identify histologically the newly formed organic matrix of the incisor teeth of rats and rabbits. The amino acid compositions of both the entire decalcified matrix and the neutral-soluble proteins were found to be characterized by their high contents of proline, histidine, leucine and glutamic acid, similar to the proteins obtained from human, bovine and porcine enamel. The most significant differences noted were the relatively high content of alanine and the low content of methionine in the proteins obtained from rabbit enamel.
Activation of Syk protein tyrosine kinase through interaction with integrin β cytoplasmic domains

Abstract Syk protein tyrosine kinase is essential for immune system development and function [1] and for the maintenance of vascular integrity [2, 3]. In leukocytes, Syk is activated by binding to diphosphorylated immune receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (pITAMs) [1]. Syk can also be activated by integrin adhesion receptors [4, 5], but the mechanism of its activation is unknown. Here we report a novel mechanism for Syk's recruitment and activation, which requires that Syk bind to the integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail. We found that both Syk and the related kinase ZAP-70 bound the β3 cytoplasmic tail through their tandem SH2 domains. However, unlike Syk binding to pITAMs, this interaction was independent of tyrosine phosphorylation and of the phosphotyrosine binding function of Syk's tandem SH2 domains. Deletion of the four C-terminal residues of the β3 cytoplasmic tail [β3(759X)] decreased Syk binding and disrupted its physical association with integrin αIIbβ3. Furthermore, cells expressing αIIbβ3(759X) failed to exhibit Syk activation or lamellipodia formation upon cell adhesion to the αIIbβ3 ligand, fibrinogen. In contrast, FAK phosphorylation and focal adhesion formation were unimpaired by this mutation. Thus, the direct binding of Syk kinase to the integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail is a novel and functionally significant mechanism for the regulation of this important non-receptor tyrosine kinase.
Triggered energy releases in solid hydrogen hosts containing unpaired atoms.

We have observed both triggered and spontaneous energy releases in tritiated solid hydrogens at temperatures above 1.2 K in several different experiments. These energy releases, which can be triggered by a temperature increase, were observed by monitoring the temperature excursion (``heat spike'') versus time, the atom spin density, and nuclear-magnetic-resonance signal heights. The heat spikes correlate with a disappearance of free-atom spin density so that fast atomic recombination is the probable cause. The spontaneous heat spikes may be suppressed by improved heat extraction.
Analysis of Multiple Markers in Nutrition Research

Abstract A method is described to measure quantitatively by neutron activation analysis the rare earth elements lanthanum, europium, samarium, neodymium, terbium, ytterbium, lutetium, and elements chromium, cobalt, and scandium in digesta or fecal samples. Dried or ashed samples were placed in polyethylene vials, sealed, activated for 2h at a neutron flux of 6×10 12 neutrons cm −2 s −1 , and allowed to decay for 7 days (reducing interference from background matrix radiation, primarily sodium-24). Concentrations of each element then were determined simultaneously by induced gamma radiation measured with a lithium-doped germanium gamma ray detector. Detection of these elements is more sensitive with neutron activation analysis than by other analytical methods. Amounts required for quantitative measurement within a digesta or fecal matrix of 1g (in micrograms) were: lanthanum .06, europium .02, samarium .004, neo-dymium .1, terbium .02, ytterbium .07, lutetium .04, chromium 1.2, cobalt .5, and scandium .004. Utilizing some or all of these elements as markers allows a large number of characteristics to be estimated simultaneously in the same animal.
Development of the knowledge base of an expert system for civil rights investigation

: A methodology that was successfully applied to the development of the knowledge base of a legal expert system is presented. The methodology consists of five distinct phases: model building, knowledge acquisition, knowledge integration, partitioning and external design. The phases are described in detail and illustrated with examples from the application area, which is civil rights complaint investigation.
Mycetoma formation in Trichophyton rubrum infection.

SUMMARY An adult male patient with a chronic Trichophyton rubrum infection of the feet, toe nails and groin, for 15 years, developed on the dorsum of the right foot a tumour with draining sinuses. Histological examination of tissue from the growth revealed granulomatous inflammation with abscesses containing granules characteristic of mycetoma. T. rubrum was cultured from skin scrapings and toe nails. The concurrent complete clearing of the superficial lesions and the mycetoma during treatment with griseofulvin, as well as the disappearance of complement fixing antibodies against T. rubrum antigen, indicate that this hitherto unreported complication of a dermatophyte infection may be related and may not be coincidental to the infection.
Crack path instabilities in a quenched glass plate

A crack driven by steadily quenching a hot glass plate into a water bath exhibits fascinating path instabilities that depend on the severity of the temperature jump involved in the quenching process. An experimental and analytical investigation of these crack path instabilities is presented in this paper. First, real-time observations of the growth of the crack at different temperature jumps are presented. With increasing temperature jump, the crack path changes from a straight path to a periodic oscillatory path, then to a chaotic oscillatory path, to an unstable (dynamic) straight crack path, and finally to multiple crack paths. The experimental observations show that the crack growth is not a steady process even though the quenching occurs at a constant speed. The experimental observations provide crucial insight and the basis for the analysis of the problem. The problem is then examined analytically by solving the underlying thermoelastic problem, within the framework of linear elastic fracture mechanics. The results of the numerical simulations in conjunction with the experimental observations are used to show that (i) the T-stress criterion commonly used for evaluating crack path instability is inapplicable to this problem, (ii) the crack path stability can be determined by using the maximum tangential stress criterion for crack advance and examining the divergence of adjacent crack paths, (iii) the initiation of a structurally unstable crack can be determined, and (iv) the complete oscillatory crack path can be obtained through an incremental solution of the thermoelastic problem.
Global relations between inventory, manufacturing lead time and delivery date promises

Abstract This paper reports a study of the inventory, lead time and delivery promise data from the Global Manufacturing Research Group. It finds that manufacturing lead time increases as work-in-process inventory increases, as theory suggests. Also, many companies promise delivery in less time than it takes to produce the product and the difference is not explained by finished goods inventory. The research also shows that the chief benefit of JIT, for those few firms that are achieving benefits, seems to be reduced raw materials.
Enzyme histochemistry of human oral carcinoma.

Abstract Histochemical techniques for the determination of lactic dehydrogenase activity and succinic dehydrogenase activity were applied to the study of ten cases of epidermoid carcinoma of oral mucosa. A notable increase in lactic dehydrogenase activity was found, as well as a decrease in succinic dehydrogenase activity, when oral carcinoma was compared with normal oral mucosa.
Performance measurement of data transfer services in MAP

The emergence of the enhanced performance architecture, which provides the application process with direct access to a fast datalink datagram service provided by the full MAP (manufacturing automation protocol), is discussed. An explanation is given of the functional differences between the two service types and why both are useful in the manufacturing environment. It is shown that message segmentation makes a substantial contribution to overall message latency. The effect of retransmission timer setting and the maximum credit window size is illustrated. Throughput and end-to-end delay for one implementation of MAP are reported, and conclusions are drawn about the expected performance cost of messages sent as datagrams versus messages sent over virtual circuits. >
Species, strain and sex differences in metabolism of hexobarbitone, amidopyrine, antipyrine and aniline

Abstract Species and strain differences in response to hexobarbitone and presumably to antipyrine, amidopyrine and other drugs can be expressed largely in terms of the activities of the drug-transforming enzymes in microsomes. However, variation in the inherent sensitivity of the central nervous system may also be a factor. The sex difference in the rat in response to hexobarbitone and presumably to other drugs is also a reflection of the activity of the enzyme system in liver microsomes. Sex hormones have a role in regulating sex difference in drug metabolism. The guinea pig and mouse show no sex difference in the metabolism of hexobarbitone. Implications of these findings to drug action and to the development of new drugs are discussed.
Compositions of Filter-Vessel and Cyclone “Ash” from Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion

Excessively hard filter cakes have occurred during filtration of fine particles from hot gases in pressurized fluidized bed combustion (PFBC) power plants in which dolomitic limestone was used as the SO x sorbent. These deposits forced premature plant shutdown and became a major barrier to successful development of the filtration technology. Our previous work implicated Mg 2 -Ca(SO 4 ) 3 as a chief cause of these excessive cake strengths, but no analytical technique was available to quantitatively relate filter-cake physical properties and operating problems to Mg 2 -Ca(SO 4 ) 3 concentrations. Hence, a new Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique has been developed to analyze for Mg 2 Ca(SO 4 ) 3 in the presence of CaSO 4 and other compounds in PFBC samples. This technique was used to measure chemical compositions of various samples taken from either the cyclone or the hot-gas filtration vessel of a PFBC demonstration power plant. These measurements clarify and further demonstrate the critical role played by Mg 2 Ca-(SO 4 ) 3 . Further measurements of the type described here should allow researchers to quantitatively determine how Mg 2 Ca(SO 4 ) 3 concentrations in filter cakes depend on various operating parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, and composition of the coal and sorbent), and thus solve problems that have prevented the successful development of hot-gas filtration for PFBC power plants.
Stress Fractures of the Femoral Neck: A Scintigraphic Sign for Early Diagnosis

Two patients with hip pain are presented; both patients were on steroid therapy. The diagnosis of a stress fracture was initially missed because the patients were not exceedingly active and the plain roentgenograms were essentially normal. The bone scan demonstrated a discretely localized area of increased radionuclide uptake in the femoral neck, which alerted us to the correct diagnosis. This scintigraphic sign is helpful in arriving at an early diagnosis and preventing prolonged disability.
Improved nanofabrication through guided transient liquefaction

A challenge in nanofabrication is to overcome the limitations of various fabrication methods, including defects, line-edge roughness and the minimum size for the feature linewidth. Here we demonstrate a new approach that can remove fabrication defects and improve nanostructures post-fabrication. This method, which we call self-perfection by liquefaction, can significantly reduce the line-edge roughness and, by using a flat plate to guide the process, increase the sidewall slope, flatten the top surface and narrow the width while increasing the height. The technique involves selectively melting nanostructures for a short period of time (hundreds of nanoseconds) while applying a set of boundary conditions to guide the flow of the molten material into the desired geometry before solidification. Using this method we reduced the 3σ line-edge roughness of 70-nm-wide chromium grating lines from 8.4 nm to less than 1.5 nm, which is well below the ‘red-zone limit’ of 3 nm discussed in the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. We also reduced the width of a silicon line from 285 nm to 175 nm, while increasing its height from 50 nm to 90 nm. Self-perfection by liquefaction can also be extended to other metals and semiconductors, dielectrics and large-area wafers.
Spot test detection of salicylaldehyde

Abstract A method is described for the detection of salicylaldehyde. The method involves the probable protonation of the carbonyl oxygen of salicylaldehyde with 70% perchloric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an intense red color. The method may also be applied to the detection of compounds which are readily oxidized to salicylaldehyde.
Myelodysplasia and Myeloproliferative Disorders in Children

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are uncommon in pediatric patients; they account for less than 10% of hematopoietic malignancies. In about one third of children with MDSs there is a predisposing genetic condition. MDS in children is more difficult to classify using criteria applied to cases in adult populations, and there are often features present that bridge those of MDS and chronic myeloproliferative diseases. Two groups of MDSs are found in children: juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, which is unique to infants and young children, and adult-type MDS. A high percentage of children with MDS have bone marrow cytogenetic abnormalities; monosomy 7 is the most common. Patients less than 1 year of age at diagnosis have a significantly better survival than older children. A low platelet count, elevated hemoglobin F (>15%), and complex cytogenetic abnormalities are unfavorable prognostic indicators. MDSs must be distinguished from the same nonneoplastic causes of myelodysplasia that occur in adults, but in addition there are a number of congenital disorders of hematopoiesis and inherited metabolic diseases that affect hematopoiesis in children.
Concurrent saturation transfer contrast in in vivo brain by a uniform magnetization transfer MRI

The development of chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and magnetization transfer (MT) contrast in MRI has enabled the enhanced detection of metabolites and biomarkers in vivo. In brain MRI, the separation between CEST and MT contrast has been particularly difficult due to overlaps in the frequency responses of the contrast mechanisms. We demonstrate here that MT and CEST contrast can be separated in the brain by the so-called uniform-MT (uMT) technique, thus opening the door to addressing long-standing ambiguities in this field. These methods could be useful for keeping track of important endogenous metabolites and for providing an improved understanding of neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Examples are shown from white and gray matter regions in healthy volunteers and patients with multiple sclerosis, which demonstrated that the MT effects in the brain were asymmetric and that the uMT method could make them uniform.
Rhetorics of public scholarship: Democracy, doxa, and the human barnyard

Drawing on ancient and contemporary connections between rhetoric—an art of public deliberation and communication—and democracy, this chapter argues for creating “a common space of public scholarship across and beyond disciplines” to help ensure the future of sustainable publics and participatory democracy.
Salivary immunoglobulins in patients with oropharyngeal or pulmonary cancer.

Abstract Patients with head and neck and pulmonary cancer secreted large amounts of IgA in their saliva when compared to both normal age-controlled groups and those with an unrelated (urological tract) carcinoma. The chronic use of alcohol and cigarette smoking habits known to predispose to the development of head and neck neoplasms also resulted in increased salivary secretory patterns. Transient elevation of IgA titres was noted in patients with acute oral inflammatory conditions; after 1 month these titres returned to normal whereas in the cancer group persistence of the high titres was noted. In a group of 50 head and neck cancer patients, only 2 neither smoked nor drank; both had elevated salivary IgA titres. The specificity of this local response, and its relationship to systemic host anti-tumour defences remains to be delineated.
Verapamil reduces the size of reperfused ischemically injured myocardium in hypertrophied rat hearts as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging.

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to detect and quantify the extent of myocardial injury after a brief coronary occlusion and reperfusion in response to verapamil treatment in a rat model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Two groups of rats were prepared by banding the abdominal aorta for 7 to 8 weeks to produce LVH. Group 1 (n = 13) received oral verapamil for 3 days, whereas group 2 (n = 13) received no therapy. Before MR examination was performed, each rat was subjected to 25 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. T1-weighted spin echo images were acquired before and after 0.3 mmol/kg gadoteridol was injected. Three images were acquired at contiguous levels of the LV and used to estimate the size of the myocardial injury. The size of the infarcted region was demarcated at postmortem examination by using triphenyltetrazolium chloride dye (TTC). Before contrast medium was administered, no significant difference in signal intensity was seen between nonischemic and reperfused ischemically injured myocardium. After gadoteridol was injected, a hyperintense zone indicative of myocardial injury was observed in 8 of 13 rats treated with verapamil and in all untreated animals. The size of the injury was significantly larger in untreated hearts than in hearts treated with verapamil as defined on MR images (25% ± 5% vs 18% ± 5%, p < 0.05) and TTC staining (12% ± 4% and 4% ± 1%, p < 0.05). Good correlation (r = 0.91) was found between the two measurements. No significant difference in the size of jeopardy area was seen between the two groups as (defined by blue dye infusion). In conclusion, contrast-enhanced MR imaging is a suitable technique to evaluate the effects of therapies applied to reduce myocardial injury. Verapamil can cause reduction in the extent of ischemic injury after reperfusion of hypertrophied myocardium.
ARCMA: attack-resilient collaborative message authentication in wireless sensor networks

Data Centric Storage (DCS) is a well-known data storage and query processing mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), storing sensed data or their metadata at pre-specified locations. Queries issued by mobile users are sent to, and processed at, such storage nodes. However, securing DCS is very difficult because WSNs usually operate in an unattended environment and hence are subject to node-capture attacks. Even after capturing a single node, an attacker may be able to subvert the entire system by using the keying material extracted from the captured node.To remedy/alleviate the above problem, we propose Attack-Resilient Collaborative Message Authentication (ARCMA), in which sensor nodes collaboratively authenticate messages to be sent to, or received from, remote nodes. In ARCMA, each node belongs to one of k groups, and constructs an Authentication Tree (AT) which is formed with k nodes, each from a distinct group. Each node collaborates with the other nodes in its AT to authenticate messages. We propose two heuristics, called MIN and OPT, to construct ATs. Our analysis shows that the security of ARCMA does not degrade until the attacker capture k or more nodes. We also evaluate the overhead of constructing ATs and the cost of authenticating messages using ATs.
The outcomes and acceptability of tDCS in opioid-treated patients with unrelieved chronic pain

s / Brain Stimulation 7 (2014) e1ee16 e5 excitatory tDCS over the primary motor cortex and inhibitory tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on procedural memory acquisition and consolidation. Methods: Forty active duty military volunteers were randomly assigned to one of four groups (10 per group); anodal (excitatory) tDCS over motor cortex (M1), cathodal (inhibitory) tDCS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), both anodal tDCS over M1 and cathodal tDCS over DLPFC, or sham tDCS. Participants learned a set of procedures for identifying aircraft as friend or foe over four 5minute trials while receiving their tDCS condition. Twenty-four hours later, participants returned for retention testing consisting of 4 more trials. Results: The results showed significant main effects of stimulation type and trial on task performance during the training session and retention test (p<0.05). The three stimulation groups showed significantly better task performance when compared to the sham group in retention (p<0.05). The cathodal tDCS only group showed significantly better performance as compared to all groups in the retention test. Discussion: The results suggest that inhibition of the prefrontal cortex using cathodal tDCS leads to the greatest improvement in both procedural memory acquisition and retention. It is hypothesized that this is a result of a shift in dominance of the declarative memory system to the non-declarative procedural system, which improves acquisition and consolidation of the proceduralmemories gained during training. ** Volunteer Research Affiliate 11 The outcomes and acceptability of tDCS in opioid-treated patients with unrelieved chronic pain Ricardo A. Cruciani , Ethan P. Davoudzadeh *, Aaron Greenberg , Helena Knotkova a,b a Institute for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, USA Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA Department of Anesthesiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine,
Platelet secretion during clot retraction.

The precise route serving as the pathway for extrusion of products contained in platelet storage organelles following cell activation has been controversial for many years. Some workers believe that the granules and dense bodies fuse together to form secretion vacuoles that move to the exposed cell surface, fuse with it and extrude contained products to the outside. Others suggest that the organelles fuse with channels of the open canalicular system (OCS) and deposit their contents which are subsequently secreted to the exterior. The controversy has been difficult to resolve because nearly all workers have used platelets in suspension to arrive at diverse conclusions. The present study has used ethylenediamine tetracetic acid (EDTA)-treated platelets and isometric clot retraction as a model system, and either polylysine or tannic acid to define the pathway used for secretion. Results indicate that secretion takes place in EDTA platelets under isometric tension by fusion of granules to OCS channels and pas...
Methanol ingestion: prevention of toxic sequelae after massive ingestion.

Abstract Methanol ingestion, a rare but potentially fatal poisoning, is often difficult to diagnose in the Emergency Department (ED) and historically has been difficult to treat. In this article, we report a methanol ingestion with a blood concentration of 692 mg/dL, which was treated with 4-methylpyrazole (Fomepizole) and dialysis, without sequelae. To our knowledge, such a massive ingestion has never been treated with this modality without development of long-term disability. Another unusual feature of this case is the significantly elevated serum osmolal gap at presentation without elevation in anion gap, demonstrating the effects of co-ingestion of ethanol. Additionally, there was a marked disparity between the patient’s breath alcohol analyzer level and the blood ethanol concentration, illustrating the inability of the breath alcohol analyzer to differentiate between volatile alcohols. Treatment of the methanol-poisoned patient with Fomepizole is discussed.
Nosema pyraustae in Populations of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis , in Massachusetts

During a study of natural control agents affecting the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), in Massachusetts, we determined the presence of Nosema pyraustae Paillot in the borer populations. The latter is a microsporidian parasite of the corn borer which reduces larval growth and survival rates and adult life span (Kramer 1959b, Zimmack et al. 1954). Infected females lay fewer egg masses containing fewer eggs, about half of the latter being infected transovarially (Kramer 1959b, Zimmack and Brindley 1957). Kramer (1959a) reported that this disease interacts with temperature extremes to cause mortality in host populations in the field. The morphology and life cycle of N. pyraustae have been studied (Hall 1952, Kramer 1959c). Raun et al. (1960) described a quantitative method to determine incidence and intensity of infection and gave such data from corn borer samples taken from 8 different states. Among the states represented were Pennsylvania and Delaware, the only eastern states from which this disease has been reported.