cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
KARL PETERS: THEOLOGY AS A CONFESSING DISCIPLINE

. Karl Peters's book Dancing with the Sacred brings together his insights from evolutionary biology and ecology, world religions, and process thought into an integrated autobiographical reflection on his thoughts, teaching, and life. The book simultaneously engages readers in their own reflections about religion and science and reminds them that their reflections are freighted with moral responsibility. For Peters, self-understanding correlates with understanding the world. The celebration of diversity coincides with the universal concerns that all face living together on this planet. Our future depends on how we live in the present tense.
Phonosurgical vocal fold injection: Indications and techniques

Phonosurgical vocal fold injection (VFI) is an excellent choice for elective improvement of voice quality for a variety of voice disorders. This involves injection of a material into the vocal fold to improve phonatory function. The most common injection materials at present are Teflon, Gelfoam, collagen, and fat. The appropriate selection of these materials and the techniques used for injection determine the outcome of this type of phonosurgery. VFI techniques can be divided by location of injected material either into the medial or the lateral region of the vocal fold. Medial VFI is done into a superficial location of the vocal fold (Reinke's space). VFI lateral to the vocal fold (deep) medializes the entire vocal fold. The aim of VFI is to improve the closure of the glottis, thus improving phonatory efficiency and voice quality. A new method of VFI, endoscopic VFI, is presented for lateral VFI.
Marian Tolpin: In Her Own Words

This article describes Marian Tolpin's seminar at the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis. She offered comments to the students in the course, most of whom were candidate analysts, as they presented cases. She underlined the role of the forward edge and showed students how they might encourage its development during an analysis. She talked about the value of an analyst being spontaneous, by which she meant being willing to be open and encouraging and to avoid what she saw as a stilted neutrality. She believed that, at times, the analyst should “seed” the transference—that is, should facilitate the patient's involvement through the analyst's own energetic involvement. Este articulo describe el seminario de Marian Tolpin en el Instituto de Psicoanalisis de Chicago. Marian hacia comentarios a los estudiantes, la mayoria candidatos, a medida que estos presentaban casos. Enfatizaba el papel del “hacia delante” y mostraba a los estudiantes como podian estimular su desarrollo durante un analisis. Hablo de la im...
Electrode erosion in arc discharges at atmospheric pressure

An experimental investigation was performed in an effort to measure and increase lifetime of electrodes in an arcjet thruster. The electrode erosion of various anode and cathode materials was measured after tests in an atmospheric pressure nitrogen arc discharge at powers less than 1 kW. A free-burning arc configuration and a constricted arc configuration were used to test the materials. Lanthanum hexaboride and thoriated tungsten had low cathode erosion rates while thoriated tungsten and pure tungsten had the lowest anode erosion rates of the materials tested. Anode cooling, reverse gas flow, and external magnetic fields were all found to reduce electrode mass loss.
Growth of diamond thin films by ECR plasma-assisted CVD at low pressures and temperatures

Abstract Faceted diamond films have been produced by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition of CH4H2O2 mixtures under low pressures (less than 1 Torr) and low temperatures (no intentional heating to 850°C). The employed ECR plasmas were investigated by Langmuir probe measurements and optical emission spectroscopy. The data indicate that O2 addition to the CH4H2 plasmas does not increase the gas temperature as proposed previously, but it increases the concentration of OH radicals, which may be important in the kinetics of growth.
Community Health Nursing Practice and the Roy Adaptation Model

In the current health care environment in the United States, the work performed by community health nurses is increasingly being recognized and valued by society at large. An increased societal emphasis on health promotion and disease prevention has generated many opportunities for community health nurses (CHNs) to stretch their practices from individually-oriented type practice models to more encompassing population-focused type practices. Addressing this trend, the Roy Adaptation Model of nursing has been reconceptualized and expanded to offer a framework for the systematic delivery of nursing care to aggregates in community settings. The purpose of this paper is to describe the current health promotion movement in the United States and discuss the impact of this movement on the practice of community health nursing. In recognition of the importance of theory-based nursing practice and the opportunities that CHNs will have in the health promotion movement, the use of the a specific conceptual model, the reconceptualized Roy Adaptation Model, will be presented as a theoretical framework for community health nursing practice. The nursing process according to Roy is applied to community health nursing and specific attention is paid to the performance of community assessments within the newly defined adaptive modes that relate to collectives: the physical, group identity, role function, and interdependence modes. To date, few references appear in the literature which link the Roy Adaptation Model to community health nursing.
Evidence for tight coupling between active bacteria and particulate organic carbon during seasonal stratification of Lake Michigan

Suspended particulate organic matter (POM) plays a critical role in the planktonic ecology of Lake Michigan during seasonal thermal stratification. We show, based on stable isotope and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) data, that the relationship between suspended POM and active biomass changes as thermal stratification persists. Stable isotope data indicated that sources of suspended POM change between July and October, moving from primary production at a deep chlorophyll layer to recyclingߚbased production in surface waters. Concomitant change in the distribution of active bacterial and eukaryotic biomass was observed as indicated by rRNA abundances. Active bacterial and eukaryotic biomass were highly correlated throughout the year. However, the correlation between suspended POM and active bacterial biomass varied seasonally and reflected the transitions in planktonic ecology. Suspended POM from depths >60 m was primarily of sedimentary origin. The combined application of stable isotope and rRNA analysis of suspended POM indicated a dynamic relationship between the bulk POM reservoir and living planktonic biomass.
The Impact of Alcohol on Negotiator Behavior: Experimental Evidence

Business-related drinking is an important organizational and managerial activity with particular relevance to the negotiation process. This paper investigates the influence of a moderate amount of alcohol on negotiator behavior and negotiated outcomes. We conducted 2 negotiation studies involving inebriated and sober participants, and found that inebriated negotiators used more aggressive tactics, made more mistakes, and reached less integrative agreements than did sober negotiators. Across both studies, we found that inebriated negotiators were unaware that alcohol had affected their negotiations.
Upregulation of angiopoietin-like 4 by viral G protein-coupled receptor promotes angiogenesis and vascular permeability in Kaposi’s sarcoma

Background Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an enigmatic vascular tumor thought to be a consequence of dysregulated expression of the human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8 or KSHV)-encoded G protein-coupled receptor (vGPCR) [1]. Both human and vGPCR experimental KS lesions are characterized by prominent angiogenesis and vascular permeability attributed to the paracrine release of angiogenic mediators, most notably vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). To date, the relative contribution of these paracrine mediators to the angiogenic and exudative phenotype of KS lesions remains unclear. Here we show that vGPCR upregulated angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) (Figure 1A, 1B, 1C) plays a prominent role in promoting the angiogenesis and increasing vascular permeability in this tumor. Inhibition of ANGPTL4 effectively blocks vGPCR promotion of angiogenesis and vascular permeability in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo (Figure 1D , 1E, 1F, 1G , 1H).
Leukemogenicity of avian oncovirus S13

Avian oncovirus S13 induces erythroblastic and granulocytic leukemias in line 6 and Spafas chickens. It also causes anemia, sarcomas, and endothelial proliferation. The leukemic cells contain the transformation-specific protein of S13, gp155.
Disordered UV photonic crystal lasers

We present experimental and theoretical studies of disordered photonic crystal lasers. Structural disorder may improve optical confinement in photonic crystals and reduce the lasing threshold.
SU-E-J-165: Development of a Low-Cost and Clinically Available Patient Intrafraction Motion Monitoring System.

Purpose: We have developed a flexible system in order to monitor the intrafraction motion. The purpose of our study is to extend the monitoring system to clinically available system with low cost. Methods: Our system is composed of a standard web camera with a low‐cost and 8x magnitude telescope, a personal computer with our in‐house software and a specific marker box. The telescopic lens was attached with the web camera to extend more effective distance of the measurement in order to avoid patient's interference. The dynamic calibration algorithm was developed to take into account patient's rotation during treatment in order to measure the intrafraction motion more accurately. Tracking three markers simultaneously based on a template matching technique using parallel CPU computing was performed to measure the intrafraction motion with dynamic calibration. To evaluate our new system, a respiratory motion QA phantom with 10 mm‐amplitude was used in order to measure the amplitudes under the different angles of web camera setting (0 to 50 degree, 5 degree step) using our system and Varian Real‐Time Position Management Respiratory Gating (Varian‐RPM) System. The results of our system were compared with the results of Varian‐RPM System. Results: The result of the amplitudes measured by our system and Varian RPM‐System are 10.2±0.3 mm and 10.3±0.1mm at the angle of 0 deg., respectively. The values of both systems were within the tolerance value of AAPM Task group 142. The results of the amplitude of our system and Varian‐RPM system were 10.2±0.3mm and 10.4±0.1mm, respectively, while the angle was changed. Under the parallel CPU computing, the calculation time to measure the position of the marker was about 50msec including the latency. Conclusions: Our proposed system could have clinically acceptable accuracies. The system would be contributed broadly to improve the treatment accuracy because of low‐cost installation of it.
Japanese APL language system on IBM Multistation 5550

This paper exemplifies the national language support of a programming language by describing the implementation of APL with a language facility for processing Japanese characters: that is, a character set that has “wide” characters that occupy space of more than one byte. By national language support, in this paper, we mean that users are enabled to use their own national language in the data, as legal character strings of the programming language. We describe the implementation of APL that provides Japanese language support in the above sense on a personal computer called the IBM Multistation 5550. We also discuss the design principle adopted to include a new two-byte character set in APL data objects coexisting with a conventional one-byte APL character set.
Host Specificity of American Mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum, Viscaceae) in Garrard County, Kentucky

ABSTRACT American mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum) was observed on 1740 host trees from 12 species in 8 families in Garrard County, Kentucky. Juglans nigra was the predominant host tree; Prunus serotina, Ulmus americana, and Robinia pseudoacacia followed. These four host species accounted for 1560 (89.7%) of the total infested trees. American mistletoe exhibits an aggregated or clumped spatial distribution pattern among host trees, which is characteristic of its life history and avian method of dispersal. In density, the occurrence value was 3.33 infested trees per kilometer traveled.
Some Principles of Knowledge Organization

The substantive complexity of a complex system or issue can be diminished by the introduction of structural complexity to describe that system or issue. To minimize the negative impact of the introduction of structural complexity, graphics should be translatable into prose. To assure that this can be done it is necessary to define a metalanguage that is not only appropriate for use in modeling, but also is adequate to bridge the structural gap to applications. The availability of well-defined structural types helps minimize the impact of structural complexity. Several structural types are defined, and a principle of definition is set forth as a reasonable basis for choosing and distinguishing these types. The set inclusion relation is the most critical one in the metalanguage of structuring in problem definition, because of its key role in the definition of terms, hence of systems or issues. To assure that this relation can be constructively applied, especially with graphics representations, mappings are developed that provide a basis to convert poorly structured information into well-structured information, suitable for a translatable graphic presentation.
Array filters for attenuating coherence interference in the presence of random noise

Array filters are derived for processing recorded measurements of an array of sensors in order to extract a desired signal buried in a background of interfering coherent and random noises. The intersensor travel times and relative amplitudes of the coherent noise and the statistics of the random noise are assumed to be known. The derivation of the filters is done in two steps. First, the family of array filters which best attenuate the coherent noise and satisfy an all-pass requirement for the desired signal is characterized. Second, the unique member (of array filters) in this family which best attenuates the random noise is determined. These filters are best suited for applications (such as in seismic signal processing) where the coherent noise is predominant over the random noise and, consequently, its suppression is more important.
Efficient second-harmonic generation from low-dimensional dye aggregates in thin polymer film

Abstract Thiapyrylium dye can aggregate spontaneously in a polymer matrix to form a low-dimensional filament-like ordered structure. Efficient second-harmonic generation from a thin polymer film containing such dye aggregates is observed. Second harmonic signal from a 5 μm polymer film containing 1.5 wt% of dye molecules is comparable to that of a 250 μm thickness of urea. This is the first example of an optically nonlinear organic medium that contains the following desired features for integrated optics: large polarizability, self dipolar alignment, and active in a thin polymer film.
Angelman syndrome: how many genes to remain silent?

The clinical features of Angelman syndrome (AS) include microcephaly, severe mental retardation, "puppet-like" ataxic gait with jerky arm movements, hyperactivity, bouts of inappropriate laughter, EEG abnormalities, and seizures. The frequency of occurrence of AS is in the range of 1/10,000 to 1/20,000 births. The AS locus maps to the imprinted chromosome 15q11-q13 region and the disease is caused by the absence of a normal maternal contribution to this region. The genetic complexity of AS is revealed by the existence of at least four molecular classes. A candidate AS gene, ubiquitin protein ligase 3A ( UBE3A/E6-AP ), has been identified, and mutations of this gene have been detected in several cases of AS. Moreover, UBE3A is expressed predominantly from the maternal allele in brain, strongly supporting its causative role in AS. However, there is evidence to suggest that, in addition to UBE3A , another gene(s) may be involved either directly in AS and/or indirectly by regulating UBE3A expression.
Efficient numerical model of magnetic switching of fine particles with uniaxial anisotropy

A general numerical switching model for a single particle with uniaxial anisotropy is described. The model is computationally efficient enough to be included in a bulk hysteresis model. The input to the model is a limited amount of information about the particle switching obtained from a detailed micromagnetic analysis of it. >
Perceived impacts of festivals and special events by organizers: an extension and validation.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument to measure the festival and special event organizers’ perceptions of the impacts of festivals and special events on local communities. An instrument with 17 items was proposed based on the literature and the suggestions of experts in the area. The proposed instrument was empirically tested using the data collected from professional festival and special event organizers by employing a confirmatory factor analysis. Results indicated that the organizers’ perceptions of the socio-economic impacts of festivals and special events have four dimensions: community cohesiveness; economic benefits; social incentives; and social costs. Results suggested that the proposed instrument had acceptable validity and reliability scores.
Employer-Sponsored Postretirement Health Benefits: Not Your Mother's Medigap Plan.

Using nationally representative data, we report the prevalence of retiree health insurance as a fringe benefit in private and public settings, and take an in-depth look at its content. We examine how it coordinates with Medicare to characterize the "total insurance" of beneficiaries who hold these supplements. Retiree health coverage is now widespread and typical benefits are far more generous than those found in medigap policies, the other major type of Medicare supplement. When a typical retiree plan is overlaid on Medicare, the resulting total insurance benefits are more generous than those held by either the working nonelderly or beneficiaries with a medigap supplement.
Knowing that 'Colorado' goes with 'Denver' does not imply knowledge that 'Denver' is in 'Colorado'.

Patient Boswell, who is severely amnesic for both retrograde and anterograde material, can provide the correct state name for a particular city, given the name of the city, e.g. given 'Denver' he will respond 'Denver ... Colorado', an ability that, by itself, would suggest that he knows about each item in the set and about their connection. However, he cannot name cities in a state, and he is unable to provide even superficial information about the unique characteristics of most cities and states. We investigated this phenomenon with several experiments. In the first (State Completion), Boswell was given names of cities in the U.S.A., and asked to provide the associated state name; in the second (City Generation) we asked him to provide names of cities located in particular states. For State Completion, Boswell correctly supplied state names for 53% of the items, and he improved to 94% correct in a forced choice paradigm. For City Generation, his performance was markedly inferior to that of controls; in fact, he produced only 4 city names for a total of 27 different states. In another experiment, in which Boswell was asked to give specific characteristics of cities and states, he was also severely defective. The dissociations suggest that the ability to complete a well-learned verbal set (e.g. Denver-Colorado), given its first component, implies nothing about (1) the underlying verbal or non-verbal knowledge associated with either item in the set, or (2) their relationship to one another. The maintenance of this ability depends on a circumscribed cortical region of the dominant hemisphere, which includes Brodmann's field 22 and part of fields 21 and 37.
Stratospheric ozone depletion: a key driver of recent precipitation trends in South Eastern South America

On a hemispheric scale, it is now well established that stratospheric ozone depletion has been the principal driver of externally forced atmospheric circulation changes south of the Equator in the last decades of the 20th Century. The impact of ozone depletion has been felt over the entire hemisphere, as reflected in the poleward drift of the midlatitude jet, the southward expansion of the summertime Hadley cell and accompanying precipitation trends deep into the subtropics. On a regional scale, however, surface impacts directly attributable to ozone depletion have yet to be identified. In this paper we focus on South Eastern South America (SESA), a region that has exhibited one of the largest wetting trends during the 20th Century. We study the impact of ozone depletion on SESA precipitation using output from 6 different climate models, spanning a wide range of complexity. In all cases we contrast pairs of model integrations with and without ozone depletion, but with all other forcings identically specified. This allows for unambiguous attribution of the computed precipitation trends. All 6 climate models consistently reveal that stratospheric ozone depletion results in a significant wetting of SESA over the period 1960–1999. Taken as a whole, these model results strongly suggest that the impact of ozone depletion on SESA precipitation has been as large as, and quite possibly larger than, the one caused by increasing greenhouse gases over the same period.
A gas-solid-phase microchemical method for the synthesis of acetyl hypofluorite

Abstract The useful electrophilic fluorinating agent, acetyl hypofluorite, was obtained by passing F2 diluted in N2 through columns containing complexes of alkali metal acetates with acetic acid. Acetyl hypofluorite obtained from KOAc(HOAc)1.5 and 0.14% F2 in N2 was reacted with tri- O -acetyl-D-glucal in CCl3F to obtain tetra- O -acetyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose in 68% yield based on F2. These conditions are appropriate to the radiosynthesis of 18F-labeled 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose for positron emission tomography. Important variables were the metal cation used, the ratio of HOAc to MOAc and the water content of the complex.
COX-1 and COX-2 Contributions to Basal and IL-1β-Stimulated Prostanoid Synthesis in Human Neonatal Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Mechanisms of endothelium-dependent regulation of cerebral circulation in human neonates are poorly understood owing to the lack of experimental data. Prostanoids, the products of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, appear to be important regulators of blood flow in neonates. COX activity in cultured endothelial cells from small (60-300 microm) and large (>300 microm) microvessels from the autopsy specimens of neonatal human cerebral cortex and cerebellum (22-26 wk gestational age) was detected as production of vasodilator prostanoids, prostacyclin [as 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F(1 alpha)] and PGE(2) from arachidonic acid. Treatment of neonatal human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMVEC) with IL-1 beta (50 ng/mL, 17 h) stimulated COX activity 5- to 20-fold. Basal and IL-1 beta-stimulated COX activities were inhibited by NS-398, indicating substantial COX-2 contribution to endothelial prostanoid synthesis in neonatal human brain cortex and cerebellum at rest and when mimicking the inflammatory conditions. Increased COX-2-linked activity in response to IL-1 beta was observed in hCMVEC from both cerebrum and cerebellum (5- to 20-fold), while under the same conditions elevated COX-1-linked activity was detected only in hCMVEC from cerebellum (5- to 10-fold). In IL-1 beta-treated hCMVEC, a shift toward PGE(2) as the major vasodilator product of the COX pathway was observed. Acute treatment with the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin 25, inhibited basal and IL-1 beta-induced COX activities, suggesting the importance of posttranslational modifications in endothelial COX-2 activation in human brain. Altogether, these data indicate that both COX-1 and COX-2 contribute to endothelial prostanoid synthesis in the neonatal human brain under basal conditions and in response to proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 beta.
An in vitro protein synthesizing system from mouse L fibroblasts infected with reovirus.

Abstract A cell-free system derived from mouse L fibroblasts infected with reovirus is described, which in response to endogenous viral messenger RNA incorporates amino acids in vitro predominantly into eight polypeptide species which, on the basis of their electrophoretic mobility in SDS polyacrylamide gels, are identical with the eight primary reovirus gene products synthexized in vivo . Six of these polypeptides are structural reovirion components; the remaining two are essential nonstructural polypeptides. Background incorporation is low. Synthesis proceeds for 60–90 min at 37°. The relative amounts of each polypeptide species formed in vitro is very similar to that formed in vivo , indicating that the translational controls which operate within the infected cell also operate in the cell-free system. The cleavage of polypeptide μ1 to polypeptide μ2, which proceeds in vivo , does not occur in vitro ; nor are nonessential nonstructural reovirus polypeptides formed by the cell-free system.
Development of an Integrated Monitoring System for a New Tritium Facility at Mound

A stand-alone system was developed for monitoring process support services and tritium levels in gloveboxes, room air, room exhaust ducts, and stack exhaust. Sixty tritium monitors were built and interfaced to a Health Physics control room where all tritiuim levels are displayed and abnormal conditions appear as alarms on large display boards. The control room was designed for full remote control of all monitors, with the exception of those for gloveboxes, as well as for control and alarm display of many other functions, including the purge rate for glovebox atmosphere and the selection of room air discharge to stack or to a tritium cleanup system. The monitoring system is interfaced to a data gathering computer and an automatic dialing alarm syhstem.
Sensory-specific satiety is affected more by volume than by energy content of a liquid food

As a food is consumed, its perceived pleasantness declines compared to that of other foods. This phenomenon, referred to as sensory-specific satiety, contributes to the termination of eating, along with other factors. This study tested whether the change in ratings of pleasantness after consuming a food is related to either the amount of food that is consumed or to its energy content. On each of 3 days, 36 women consumed a different formulation of a milk-based liquid food: (1) 300 ml, 2067 kJ; (2) 600 ml, 2067 kJ; or (3) 600 ml, 4134 kJ. The three formulations of the liquid food varied in volume and energy, but were matched for palatability and macronutrient composition. Participants rated the pleasantness of samples of the liquid food and four other foods both immediately before and after consumption of the liquid food. Results showed that doubling the volume of the liquid food that was consumed, without changing the energy content, significantly decreased pleasantness ratings of the liquid food and increased sensory-specific satiety. Doubling the energy content of the food without changing its volume, however, had no additional effect on the decrease in the ratings or on sensory-specific satiety. These results suggest that the volume of food that is consumed has a greater influence on perceptions of a food's pleasantness than does its energy content. Thus, the volume of food may affect the termination of eating in part through effects on sensory-specific satiety.
Hypersensitivity to acrylic resin.

Abstract A report of a patient with an untoward reaction associated with exposure to acrylic resins has been presented. Exposure to the material resulted in exacerbation of respiratory symptoms and elimination of the prosthesis was followed by relief. The findings suggest that hypersensitivity to acrylic resin can occur as asthma.
Differential expression and localization of the mRNA binding proteins, AU-rich element mRNA binding protein (AUF1) and Hu antigen R (HuR), in neoplastic lung tissue.

Modulation of gene expression at the level of mRNA stability has emerged as an important regulatory paradigm. In this context, differential expression of numerous mRNAs in normal versus neoplastic tissues has been described. Altered expression of these genes, at least in part, has been demonstrated to be at the level of mRNA stability. Two ubiquitously expressed mRNA binding proteins have recently been implicated in the stabilization (Hu antigen R/HuR) or destabilization (AU-rich element mRNA binding protein [AUF1]/heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) of target mRNAs. Further, their functional activity appears to require cytoplasmic localization. In the present study, we demonstrate a strong correlation between increased cytoplasmic expression of both AUF1 and HuR with urethane-induced neoplasia and with butylated hydroxytoluene-induced compensatory hyperplasia in mouse lung tissue. In addition, when compared with slower growing cells, rapidly growing neoplastic lung epithelial cell lines expressed a consistently higher abundance of both AUF1 and HuR proteins. Moreover, in nontumorigenic cell lines, both AUF1 and HuR protein abundance decreased with confluence and growth arrest. In contrast, in spontaneous transformants, AUF1 and HuR abundance was unaffected by changes in cell density. We suggest that growth-regulated alterations in AUF1 and HuR abundance may have pleiotropic effects on the expression of a number of highly regulated mRNAs and that this significantly impacts the onset, maintenance, and progression of the neoplastic phenotype. Mol. Carcinog. 28:76-83, 2000.
1,000 electronic devices per living person: Dream or nightmare?

As information technology moves rapidly to an increasingly decentralized and collaborative environment (the Cloud) with rich interfaces to the physical world (the Internet of Things), we are facing a number of challenges in designing applications that should be monitored carefully with respect to security and privacy concerns. I will review the enabling technology and the design methods that can be used to master and control this new world and I will introduce some exciting new developments in the interface between brain and machines.
Restoring Attention in Pregnancy: The Natural Environment

The purpose of this quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study was to test whether regularly spending time in the natural environment would improve concentration for women in the third trimester of ...
Effect of adrenalectomy on the erythropoietic response to sheep erythropoietin and cobalt.

Adrenalectomized and sham operated rats were injected with either 1, 2 and 3 units of sheep erythropoietin or 5, 10 and 15 micromoles of cobaltous chloride. Radioactive iron incorporation into red blood cells was measured. Sheep erythropoietin induced significantly less radioactive iron incorporation in adrenalectomized than sham operated rats. On the other hand, cobalt exerted a significantly greater effect on iron incorporation in adrenalectomized than sham operated rats. Five, 10 and 15 micromoles of cobaltous chloride was approximately equivalent in its effect on Fe59 incorporation to 1, 2 and 3 units of erythropoietin respectively in the sham operated rats. However, Fe59 incorporation was significantly greater in adrenalectomized rats receiving cobalt than that of adrenalectomized rats receiving sheep erythropoietin. Further studies revealed that plasma erythropoietin and cobalt titers were significantly higher, after cobalt injections, in adrenalectomized than sham rats. The lowered responsiveness o...
Spatial and temporal habitat use patterns for salt marsh nekton: implications for ecological functions

We synthesized information on tem- poral and spatial patterns of salt marsh habitat use by nekton in order to infer the importance of five main types of marsh function: reproduction, for- aging, refuge from predation, refuge from stressful environmental conditions and environmental enhancement of physiology. We then extended the concept that intertidal gradients regulate habitat use patterns of nekton to a more universal concept that applies to all salt marsh habitats. We contend that all marsh habitats are linked to each other and to adjacent estuarine habitats along a depth gradient that mediates gradients in abiotic and biotic conditions. Tidal, diel and seasonal shifts in the magnitude and direction of these gradients result in gradients in tidal, diel and seasonal variation in biotic and abiotic conditions within the salt marsh. Collectively these gradients form the 'marsh gradient'. We propose that pat- terns of marsh use and ecological function for nekton result primarily from physiological and behavioral responses to this marsh gradient. A comparison of habitat use patterns in the context of the marsh gradient is an important - and un- derutilized - method to study marsh function and essential fish habitat. We note that our limited insight into the function of the marsh habitat results from a significant lack of information on the occurrence and causes of tidal, diel and onto- genetic marsh use patterns by nekton; this is particularly relevant with respect to data on the variation in environmental conditions along marsh gradients over tidal, diel and seasonal cycles and on how environmental variation on these scales influences nekton behavior, growth and survival.
Absinthe: Behind the Emerald Mask

There are a number of approaches or paradigms which can be employed in the study of drug-taking behaviors and experiences. Some approaches are relatively singular and narrow in scope, being epistem...
Editorial comprehension in OpEd through argument units

This paper presents a theory of reasoning and argument comprehension currently implemented in OpEd, a computer system that reads short politico-economic editorials and answers questions about the editorial contents. We believe that all arguments are composed of a fixed number of abstract argument structures, which we call Argument Units (AUs). Thus, argument comprehension is viewed in OpEd fundamentally as the process of recognizing, instantiating, and applying argument units. Here we discuss: (a) the knowledge and processes necessary to understand opinions, arguments, and issues which arise in politico-economic editorials; and (b) the relation of this research to previous work in natural language understanding. A description of OpEd and examples of its current input/output behavior are also presented in this paper.
Self-encoded multi-carrier spread spectrum with iterative despreading for random residual frequency offset

In this study, we investigate the multi-carrier spread spectrum (MCSS) communication system which adopts the self-encoded spread spectrum in a downlink synchronous channel. It is very difficult to completely eliminate the frequency offset in practical channel scenarios. We demonstrate that the self-encoded MCSS (SE-MCSS) with iterative despreading manifests a remarkable immunity to residual frequency offset. The SE-MCSS can be an excellent candidate for the future generation of wireless services.
On the development of EMG control for a prosthesis using a robotic hand

The human hand is a complex end-effector capable of a large variety of postures. Multifingered robot hands, such as the Belgrade/USC hand, can approximate human hand functionality, and it is possible to consider their use in prosthetics. The authors have developed a system, PRESHAPE, that translates user commands into motor signals using the virtual finger concept. For control, electromyographic (EMG) signals from forearm muscles are used. The authors describe PRESHAPE and its use of EMG signals. Simulation results are presented. >
Research priorities for arthritis professional education

The need for improved educational programs in rheumatology is well recognized. In its 1976 Report to Congress (l), the National Commission on Arthritis and Related Musculoskeletal Diseases noted that only about 3% of individuals with arthritis were under the care of a rheumatologist. The overwhelming majority of arthritis patients received their care from primary care physicians, most of whom had received little or no special training in the management of rheumatic diseases. Because this pattern was unlikely to change,
Feedback control with central pattern generator for decentralized coordination of prototype mechanical rectifier

This paper proposes a prototype mechanical rectifier (PMR) that captures essential dynamics underlying animal locomotion by a simple pendulum-disk configuration. We use the PMR to study the control mechanism of animal locomotion. In particular, we verify via numerical experiments the prediction from biological observations that a central pattern generator (CPG) with a decentralized structure is capable of coordinating the body motion to achieve locomotion with the aid of sensory feedback. The efficiency of locomotion achieved by the decentralized CPG is also investigated in comparison with analytical results we derive for statically optimal locomotion.
American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Update: Recommendations on the Role of Bone-Modifying Agents in Metastatic Breast Cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology recently published ASCO's update to its guideline on the use of bone-modifying agents for patients with bone metastases, the scope of which was narrowed to the use of bone-modifying agents for patients with evidence of bone metastases.
Multimillion-Atom Simulations of Atomic-Level Surface Stresses and Pressure Distribution on InAs/GaAs Mesas

Large-scale molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the atomiclevel stresses on InAs/GaAs mesas. The simulations are based on an interatomic-potential scheme for InAs/GaAs systems which depends on the local chemical composition. Multiresolution techniques are used to speed up the simulations. InAs/GaAs square mesas with { 101 }-type sidewalls are studied. The atomic-level pressure distribution and surface atomic stresses on the sidewalls with 12, 10, 8 and 6 monolayers of InAs overlayers have been calculated.
Local tissue water assessed by tissue dielectric constant: anatomical site and depth dependence in women prior to breast cancer treatment-related surgery

Summary Assessing local tissue water using tissue dielectric constant (TDC) values is useful to evaluate oedema/lymphoedema features and their change. Knowledge of anatomical site and tissue depth dependence of TDC values could extend this method’s utility. Our goal was to compare TDC values obtained at anatomically paired sites and to investigate their depth dependence. In 22 women (12 awaiting surgery for breast cancer and 10 cancer-free control subjects), four sites (mid-forearm, mid-biceps, axilla and lateral thorax) on both body sides were measured with a 2·5-mm sampling depth probe. Also, at forearm, four different probes with sampling depths of 0·5, 1·5, 2·5 and 5 mm were used. TDC values range between 1 for zero water to 78·5 for 100% water. Site comparisons showed TDC values (mean ± SD) to be largest at axilla (36·4 ± 8·9), least at biceps (21·6 ± 3·5) and not different between forearm and thorax (24·3 ± 4·0 versus 24·8 ± 5·0). Group comparisons showed slightly greater values in patients at forearm and biceps (P<0·05) but no group difference at other sites. Dominant-non-dominant side comparisons showed no significant difference in paired-TDC values in either group at any site. Forearm TDC values decreased with increasing depth from 36·4 ± 4·8 at 0·5 mm to a minimum of 21·4 ± 3·9 at 5·0 mm, with a sharp decline between 1·5 and 2·5 mm. The composite findings suggest that TDC measurements have the necessary features for usefully assessing oedema/lymphoedema and its change on limbs and at body sites not routinely amenable to assessment by other techniques. The depth dependence feature provides additional flexibility to investigate oedematous or lymphoedematous conditions.
Shallow parsing with conditional random fields

Conditional random fields for sequence labeling offer advantages over both generative models like HMMs and classifiers applied at each sequence position. Among sequence labeling tasks in language processing, shallow parsing has received much attention, with the development of standard evaluation datasets and extensive comparison among methods. We show here how to train a conditional random field to achieve performance as good as any reported base noun-phrase chunking method on the CoNLL task, and better than any reported single model. Improved training methods based on modern optimization algorithms were critical in achieving these results. We present extensive comparisons between models and training methods that confirm and strengthen previous results on shallow parsing and training methods for maximum-entropy models.
La prudencia militar: el capitán y el soldado en el "Examen de ingenios" de Huarte de San Juan

En el proemio dedicado a Lorenzo Strozzi de su famoso libro Del arte de la guerra (1521), Maquiavelo senala la distancia que existe entre la vida civil y la militar, presentando la milicia como una transformacion radical del sujeto. El oficio de soldado es una forma de vida que requiere de nuevos vestidos, diferentes usos y maneras de hablar que se alejan “del normal comportamiento civil,” donde es necesario esquivar los “modales y actitudes considerados” porque son “afeminados” y “desfavorables.” Como marca visual de esta transformacion, el soldado debe dejar crecer su barba y hablar de una manera que le permita “intimidar a los demas” (5). Esta distincion entre espacio civil y militar, la cual para Maquiavelo no existia en una Antiguedad que ve con suma nostalgia, tambien forma parte de los argumentos de Castiglione en su libro El cortesano (1528), donde explica que los aspectos militares de alguna manera deberian poder controlarse en el espacio de la corte: “no queremos que [el cortesano] se muestre tan fiero que continuamente traiga braveza en el rostro y en las palabras, haciendose un leon [...] y amenazando al mundo con aquella ferocidad con que suelen amenazar los soldados” (1, 17, 129-30). Castiglione pareceria tomar muy en cuenta y responder al deseo de Maquiavelo de unir (como en la Antiguedad clasica) las esferas de la corte y la milicia, espacios y estilos de presentacion del ser que el autor de El cortesano trata de mantener separados. Resulta muy revelador este proceso de transformacion necesario para enfrentarse a los enemigos en el campo de batalla. Podriamos considerarlo como el desarrollo de la particular aspereza del soldado, su fiereza y disposicion para confrontar al enemigo e intimidarlo. Es un reconocimiento de caracteristicas especificas de la personalidad del soldado que son muy distintas al trato requerido en el mundo civil y cortesano. En su Examen de ingenios para las ciencias (1575), Huarte de San Juan propone tambien un cuadro complejo de las personalidades tanto del soldado como del capitan prudente, siguiendo las pautas de un proyecto humanista cuyo proposito principal era
MutaCYP: Classification of missense mutations in human cytochromes P450

Background Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) represent a large and diverse family of enzymes involved in various biological processes in humans. Individual genome sequencing has revealed multiple mutations in human CYPs, and many missense mutations have been associated with variety of diseases. Since 3D structures are not resolved for most human CYPs, there is a need for a reliable sequence-based prediction that discriminates benign and disease causing mutations.
Entwicklung der Kriminalprognose und der Täterprofilerstellung

Die Uberzeugung, dass beobachtbare Merkmale einer Gewalttat die Moglichkeit bieten konnten, auf die Personlichkeit des Taters zu schliesen, ist wahrscheinlich so alt wie das Verbrechen selbst. Die Ursprunge der wissenschaftlichen Erstellung von Personlichkeitsbildern von Kriminellen sind vor allem in der Medizin und den Rechtswissenschaften zu suchen. Zunachst handelte es sich vor allem um vereinzelte Anfragen von Kriminalbeamten an klinische Praktiker, deren Anlass oftmals besondere Kriminalfalle waren. Erst in den letzten vier Jahrzehnten bildete sich ein selbststandiges und zunehmend international vernetztes Forschungsfeld heraus.
Graphs and Sketches

Science is concerned, among other things, with relationships between quantities. Sometimes the relationship is only vaguely stated: Is A bigger than B? Other times it can be precisely formulated: The gravitational force between two bodies is proportional to the product of their masses, and decreases as the square of the distance between them. Statements of the latter kind can best be described in the language of mathematics, but the language of mathematics has few native speakers. There is often no choice but to use it whether we like it or not, but sometimes the relationship embodied in an equation can be understood more easily when represented by a picture. Indeed at times a picture is better than an equation, even for the mathematically minded.
Can patients (pts.) with refractory germ cell tumors (GCT) be cured after progression following high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with tandem transplant? Results with paclitaxel + gemcitabine

4588 Background: A previously published ECOG study of paclitaxel (P) plus gemcitabine (G) in refractory germ cell tumors achieved a 21% response rate (6 of 28 pts.) (JCO 20:1859, 2002). Two patient...
Single-Step Oxidative Chemical Vapor Deposition of −COOH Functional Conducting Copolymer and Immobilization of Biomolecule for Sensor Application

A platform for fabrication of conductive copolymer based resistive biosensor on nonconductive substrate is demonstrated. The −COOH functional groups in the copolymer of thiophene-3-acetic acid (TAA) and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) was employed for immobilization of a biomolecule. The sheet resistance of the conductive copolymer thin films significantly increased upon immobilization of the biomolecule. In terms of the fabrication method, application of bromine as an oxidant in this oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) technique considerably improved the conductivity of the copolymer and also notably reduced the polymer synthesis steps. This low temperature oCVD process shows promises for coating any substrate, for example, paper, plastics, silicon and glass with highly conducting, conformal polymeric films for the future applications in fabricating flexible biosensor devices.
Topic Model based Privacy Protection in Personalized Web Search

Modern search engines utilize users' search history for personalization, which provides more effective, useful and relevant search results. However, it also has the potential risk of revealing users' privacy by identifying their underlying intention from their logged search behaviors. To address this privacy issue, we proposed a Topic-based Privacy Protection solution on client side. In our solution, each user query will be submitted with k additional cover queries, which will act as a proxy to disguise users' intent from a search engine. The set of cover queries are generated in a controlled way so that each query carries similar uncertainty to randomize a user's search history while still providing necessary utility for the search engine to perform personalization. We used statistical topic models to infer topics from the original user query and generated cover queries of similar entropy but from unrelated topics. Extensive experiments are performed on AOL search log and the promising results demonstrated the effectiveness of our solution.