cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reaction Between Proteins and Diazotized Aromatic Amines in Neutral Solution.

In a series of 3 challenging papers entitled “Chemospecific Antigens” Klopstock and Selter1 have raised a number of important questions dealing with the chemical basis of certain immune reactions. While several of their minor points will be dealt with in connection with other work now in progress, the present note concerns the underlying thought and principal conclusion of their work, namely, that no chemical interaction takes place in neutral solutions of diazotized aromatic amines and proteins or lipoids. It is held that such solutions are merely simple mixtures, and that “eine chemisch zu verstehende Substitution des Chemikals im Eiweissmolekul bei der chemospezifischen Komplexantigenbildung keine Rolle spielt.” Klopstock and Selter have failed entirely to report chemical control experiments in testing this conclusion, and the following are therefore submitted:I. Conditions the same as in Paper II, p. 455, showing appearance of chemospecific antigen only after mixtures had stood in the cold 1 to 24 hou...
Bonding Effects on the Slip Differences in the B 1 Monocarbides

Differences in plasticity are usually attributed to significant changes in crystalline symmetry or the strength of the interatomic bonds. In the $B1$ monocarbides, differences in slip planes exist at low temperatures despite having the same structure and very similar bonding characteristics. Our experimental results demonstrate concretely that HfC slips on ${110}$ planes while TaC slips on ${111}$ planes. Density functional theory calculations rationalize this difference through the formation of an intrinsic stacking fault on the ${111}$ planes, formation of Shockley partials, and enhanced metallic bonding because of the valence filling of electrons between these transitional metal carbides.
3D finite element modeling of pelvic organ prolapse.

AbstractObjectives: The purpose of this study is to develop a validated 3D finite element model of the pelvic floor system which can offer insights into the mechanics of anterior vaginal wall prolapse and have the ability to assess biomedical device treatment methods. The finite element results should accurately mimic the clinical findings of prolapse due to intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and soft tissues impairment conditions. Methods: A 3D model of pelvic system was created in Creo Parametric 2.0 based on MRI Images, which included uterus, cervix, vagina, cardinal ligaments, uterosacral ligaments, and a simplified levator plate and rectum. The geometrical model was imported into ANSYS Workbench 14.5. Mechanical properties of soft tissues were based on experimental data of tensile test results from current literature. Studies were conducted for IAP loadings on the vaginal wall and uterus, increasing from lowest to extreme values. Results: Anterior vaginal wall collapse occurred at an IAP value correspond...
First seizure management: I can see clearly now?Authors Respond:

We appreciate Drs. Cole and Cascino's thoughtful comments and provocative insights1 regarding our recently published first seizure management guideline.2 We concur that even the American Academy of Neurology's (AAN's) rigorous guideline process has limitations, but caution not to make the perfect the enemy of the good. Practice guidelines are meant to systematically summarize the best evidence relevant to specific clinical questions. Sometimes guidelines can make recommendations that favor one treatment approach over another.3,4 Practice guidelines are not meant to replace clinical judgment. Rather, guidelines highlight when good judgment is needed because of limitations in the evidence. This guideline and its earlier companion5 review the evidence on reducing short- and long-term seizure recurrence risk, but this may be different …
Derrida and the Wholly Other

Where Foucault positioned himself between oppositions and Barthes inscribed oppositions in the same body, Derrida collapses all oppositions — and with them all the constructs of language, culture and rational thought — back into an originating unity which evokes that of the Jewish God: One, Sovereign, Incorporeal and wholly Other, at once transcendent and immanent, manifest and hidden, it can neither be described nor contained by the determinations of language and thought — including these. Deconstruction of the constructi — the concepts, structures and constructs — of language, culture and the philosophic mind is thus both less and more than a subversion of what Derrida has called ‘the metaphysics of presence’ which have governed Western language and logic from the Greeks to the present day. Deconstruction is a displacement of the human constructs that have displaced the originating unity. And it is an attempt to open out a metaphysic and a mind-set which have been closed to the wholly Other by carving out spaces or abysses in language and thought through which it can be glimpsed ‘through a glass darkly’. At the same time, if what is glimpsed through the glass darkly is God, it is a de-constructed God, the Jewish God become pure Ein Sof and pared down to the mystery of his infinite Otherness.1
Leadership and the cult of personality

Throughout the world, including the Arab region, the cult of personality has played a significant role in authoritarian and totalitarian states, impacting them politically, economically, and culturally. In general, a cult is “an established system of veneration of a political leader, to which members of the society are expected to subscribe, a system that is omnipresent and ubiquitous and one that is expected to persist indefinitely.” Some leaders in the Arab republics developed a personality cult, but even those who did not utilize this device to strengthen their regimes created a sense of being unassailable. With the possible exception of Algeria, Arab leaders carefully centralized power and were the final decision makers. This chapter will first focus on leaders in the Arab republics, in order to understand how they functioned and interacted with their institutions, ministers, and other Arab leaders. It will then explore the cult of personality and compare it to tyrannical systems outside the Arab world. The reasons for developing a cult, the methods leaders used to achieve it, the common factors among the “cult” dictators, and the implications for decision making will be examined also, concluding with remarks about leadership and the future of personality cults in the region. Leadership Between the Egyptian Revolution in 1952 and the Arab uprisings in 2011 there have been forty-one presidents in the eight republics under study; some were in power just for one to two years, while others managed to rule for three or four decades (see Table 3.1). Thirty of these presidents hailed from a military background, and there were other similarities, particularly among those who succeeded in staying in power for a long time. They learned to contend with different constraints and to deal with conflicts and wars, albeit some of their own making; they manipulated the constellation of power to suit their needs, and some created a cult of personality. What drove many of these leaders to become more despotic is not a simple issue; no doubt they believed as time went by that they were more capable and intelligent than their colleagues, and some of them definitely worked harder than their subordinates.
Assessing Advanced Technology in CENATE

PNNL's Center for Advanced Technology Evaluation (CENATE) is a new U.S. Department of Energy center whose mission is to assess and facilitate access to emerging computing technology. CENATE is assessing a range of advanced technologies, from evolutionary to disruptive. Technologies of interest include the processor socket (homogeneous and accelerated systems), memories (dynamic, static, memory cubes), motherboards, networks (network interface cards and switches), and input/output and storage devices. CENATE is developing a multi-perspective evaluation process based on integrating advanced system instrumentation, performance measurements, and modeling and simulation. We show evaluations of two emerging network technologies: silicon photonics interconnects and the Data Vortex network. CENATE's evaluation also addresses the question of which machine is best for a given workload under certain constraints. We show a performance-power tradeoff analysis of a well-known machine learning application on two systems.
Expressing User Intent in Planning by Instance Rewriting

Classical planning is the problem of synthesizing an executable sequence of actions to achieve the given goal from the given completely-specified initial state, assuming perfect perception, deterministic actions, and a static and fullyobservable environment. Domain-specific knowledge can be specified to improve the quality of plans or control search in plan synthesis or express user intent to get plans meeting a user’s constraints. In this paper we identify many constraints about occurrence of actions in plans, their ordering, and achievement of subgoals, which can be enforced without modifying a classical planner.
Evaluation of the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test in the North Central Region

Data from 96 locations across the North Central Region was complied to evaluate the usefulness of the Illinois soil nitrogen test (ISNT) in identifying fields where corn will not respond to additional N fertilizer and predicting the yield optimizing N rate (YONR) for each field. The ISNT could not accurately predict non-responsive sites, nor could it predict YONR. Sub-setting the data based on soil drainage class and previous crop did not improve the predictive capability of the ISNT. The ISNT was related to soil organic matter and was measuring a constant fraction of total soil N. The ISNT is not a meaningful tool upon which N rate decisions should be based.
Three Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio coralliilyticus Strains Isolated from Bivalve Hatcheries.

ABSTRACT Reported here are the genome sequences of three Vibrio coralliilyticus isolates RE87, AIC-7, and 080116A. Each strain was isolated in association with oyster larvae in commercial aquaculture systems. These draft genomes will be useful for further studies in understanding the genomic features contributing to V. coralliilyticus pathogenicity.
Stress and Insufficiency Fractures

Stress fractures are most common in athletes and military recruits but also occur in patients with underlying metabolic bone disease (insufficiency fractures). Stress fractures are most frequent in the lower extremities and more common in women. The female athlete triad is an important risk factor. At the cellular level, the osteocyte may be important in the detection of stress fractures. Further, osteocytes are probably important in the healing of stress fractures. In patients with recurrent stress fractures, a biochemical evaluation for underlying metabolic bone disease should be undertaken. Prevention includes avoidance of sudden increases in the exercise, the use of proper footwear, avoidance of rough and hilly surfaces, and adequate nutrition. In premenopausal women with persistent amenorrhea and hypoestrogenism, estrogen replacement should be considered. Altering the mechanics of running might decrease the risk in some patients. In the patient with a stress fracture, the offending activity must be stopped for the fracture to heal. In some high-risk stress fractures, orthopedic surgery is advised. There is no specific drug therapy. Stress fractures are also associated with several metabolic bone diseases which are highlighted in this review with clinical vignettes. Diagnosis and management of these conditions is critical in the treatment of these patients.
Distributed Parameter Models

Model-based control development begins with the derivation of an appropriate model for the distributed vibration or noise system under consideration. In this chapter, we develop hybrid PDE/ODE models for the electromechanical components of mechatronic vibration and noise control systems. The mechanical subsystem involves distributed (PDE) field equations coupled to lumped actuator and sensor equations. The electrical dynamics of the interfacing circuits, actuators, and sensors are typically lumped and described by ODEs.
Trajectories of quality of life following breast cancer diagnosis

Although quality of life (QoL) improves over time for most breast cancer survivors (BCS), BCS may show different patterns of QoL. This study sought to identify distinct QoL trajectories among BCS and to examine characteristics associated with trajectory group membership. BCS (N = 653) completed baseline assessments within 8 months of diagnosis. QoL was assessed by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) at baseline and 6, 12, and 18 months later. Finite mixture modeling was used to determine QoL trajectories of the trial outcome index (TOI; a composite of physical well-being, functional well-being, and breast cancer-specific subscales) and emotional and social/family well-being subscales. Chi-square tests and F tests were used to examine group differences in demographic, cancer-related, and psychosocial variables. Unique trajectories were identified for all three subscales. Within each subscale, the majority of BCS had consistently medium or high QoL. The TOI analysis revealed only stable or improving groups, but the emotional and social/family subscales had groups that were stable, improved, or declined. Across all subscales, women in “consistently high” groups had the most favorable psychosocial characteristics. For the TOI and emotional subscales, psychosocial variables also differed significantly between women who started similarly but had differing trajectories. The majority of BCS report good QoL as they transition from treatment to survivorship. However, some women have persistently low QoL in each domain and some experience declines in emotional and/or social/family well-being. Psychosocial variables are consistently associated with improving and/or declining trajectories of physical/functional and emotional well-being.
Behavioral Self‐Regulation, Early Academic Achievement, and the Effectiveness of Urban Schools for Low‐Income Ethnic Minority Children

The independent and joint associations between child behavioral self-regulation ability and school effectiveness in relation to academic achievement were examined in a sample of low-income African American (n = 132) and Latino (n = 198) children attending kindergarten and first grade across a large metropolitan area. Child behavioral self-regulation and school effectiveness were positively associated with both reading and mathematics performance. School effectiveness moderated the effect of behavioral self-regulation on reading but not math achievement. Lower child behavioral self-regulation during early elementary school was associated with lower reading achievement the following year but only among children attending less effective schools. Behavioral self-regulation was not related to reading achievement among children attending more effective schools. Implications of these findings for policies addressing disparities in early academic achievement are discussed.
Prepectoral Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction with Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy.

Background:Two-stage subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction is the most common method for breast reconstruction. Recent advances in surgical techniques and technology have made prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction feasible. There are limited data on outcomes after prepectoral imp
PETLON: Planning Efficiently for Task-Level-Optimal Navigation

Intelligent mobile robots have recently become able to operate autonomously in large-scale indoor environments for extended periods of time. Task planning in such environments involves sequencing the robot's high-level goals and subgoals, and typically requires reasoning about the locations of people, rooms, and objects in the environment, and their interactions to achieve a goal. One of the prerequisites for optimal task planning that is often overlooked is having an accurate estimate of the actual distance (or time) a robot needs to navigate from one location to another. State-of-the-art motion planners, though often computationally complex, are designed exactly for this purpose of finding routes through constrained spaces. In this work, we focus on integrating task and motion planning (TMP) to achieve task-level optimal planning for robot navigation while maintaining manageable computational efficiency. To this end, we introduce TMP algorithm PETLON (Planning Efficiently for Task-Level-Optimal Navigation) for everyday service tasks using a mobile robot. PETLON is more efficient than planning approaches that pre-compute motion costs of all possible navigation actions, while still producing plans that are optimal at the task level.
Behavioral and Neuropathological Consequences of Chronic Exposure to Low Doses of the Dopaminergic Neurotoxin MPTP

This chapter will discuss the consequences of exposure to the neurotoxin MPTP in nonhuman primates, and particularly the consequences of chronic exposure to low doses of this toxin. Before such a discussion can proceed, some background material about MPTP, its effects on the central nervous system, and the clinical manifestations of these effects needs to be presented.
The ten most important biomedical engineering devices

The most important biomedical engineering devices are those that save the most lives and/or improve the lives of the most people. (1) The X-ray machine images internal organs and thus discovers internal abnormalities and tumors in time to remove them. (2) Computed tomography generates slice images of internal organs with improved contrast and spatial resolution. (3) Magnetic resonance imaging generates slice images of soft tissue and internal organs without radiation exposure. (4) The heart-lung machine oxygenates and pumps the blood to permit operations on the open heart to correct abnormalities and to replace diseased valves. (5) The artificial kidney extracts urea from the blood to extend the lives of those with end-stage kidney disease so that some have time to receive a kidney transplant. (6) The electrosurgical unit makes tissue cutting easier to shorten surgical time and cauterizes tissue to prevent blood loss. (7) The cardiac pacemaker stimulates the dysfunctional heart and restores proper rhythm to many who otherwise would be invalids or die. (8) The pulse oximeter noninvasively measures tissue oxygen saturation of anesthetized patients to ensure proper oxygenation and perfusion. (9) The ventilator permits operations on anesthetized patients and breathes for patients who have pulmonary crises. (10) Artificial hips, knees and other joints restore movement to those with mobility problems.
Tweet Classification Using Sentiment Analysis Features and TF-IDF Weighting for Improved Flu Trend Detection

Social Networking Sites (SNS) such as Twitter are widely used by users of diverse ages. The rate of the data in SNS has made it become an efficient resource for real-time analysis. Thus, SNS data can effectively be used to track disease outbreaks and provide necessary warnings earlier than official agencies such as the American Center of Disease Control and Prevention. In this study, we show that sentiment analysis features and weighting techniques such as Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) can improve the accuracy of flu tweet classification. Various machine learning algorithms were evaluated to classify tweets to either flu-related or unrelated and then adopt the one with better accuracy. The results show that the proposed approach is useful for flu disease surveillance models/systems.
An Interview with Jacob H. Rooksby, Dean of Gonzaga University School of Law

In this interview, Jacob Rooksby discusses his work and research in intellectual property and higher education law, including a critical examination of the role of copyright on the modern university campus. The conversation, with the Journal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship’s (JCEL) Micah Zeller and Tucker Taylor, covers trends concerning student entrepreneurship, faculty ownership, donor-imposed restrictions in special collections, and why everyone involved—from trustees, administrators, instructors, students, and library staff—should care and know how law and policies affect their interests. The discussion draws on Rooksby’s 2016 book, The Branding of the American Mind: How Universities Capture, Manage, and Monetize Intellectual Property and Why It Matters, which describes problematic practices of institutions, opportunities for those working in this space, and how intellectual property issues connect to our moral expectations for higher education. Professor Rooksby also flags areas for readers to keep an eye on in the future.
Arts-Based Instructional and Curricular Strategies for Working With Virtual Educational Applications:

In the 21st century, easy access to visually rich, immersive, student-centered, virtual applications could augment or replace text-based learning. However, the new developments are offset by the la...
Toward Legitimacy through Collaborative Governance: An Analysis of the Effect of South Carolina's Office of Regulatory Staff on Public Utility Regulation

In 2004 the South Carolina General Assembly instituted a major reform to its system of public utility regulation. Previously, the Public Service Commission, the administrative agency in charge of regulating public utilities, both adjudicated utility proceedings and, through its staff, advocated for the public interest. A scandal concerning revelations of extensive ex parte communications between regulated utilities and members of the Public Service Commission led to the 2004 reform, which created the Office of Regulatory Staff (ORS) as a separate agency to perform the Commission’s advocative functions. In my research, I use data on fuel factor proceedings before and after this reform to analyze the effect that ORS has had on public utility regulation to assess whether and how changes to regulatory structure can affect the outcome of regulation. A fuel factor is part of an electricity rate which utilities petition to change on an annual basis as fuel prices fluctuate. Because these proceedings happen so regularly, they provide a robust set of data with which to analyze the impact of ORS on the public utility environment. My research shows that while it is unclear whether ORS has had any effect on the actual fuel factor rates electric utility companies are awarded, these proceedings are now marked by a significantly higher degree of collaboration between utilities and their customers. I argue that this more collaborative process is a significant
Neuropsychology in Adult Epilepsy Surgery

Abstract Although epilepsy surgery has evolved over the decades, the goal of epilepsy surgery has essentially, remained the same: To resect or ablate a sufficient amount of epileptogenic tissue to eliminate seizures, yet, at the same time, to minimize the amount of tissue that is disrupted in order to preserve cognitive functioning postoperatively. Neuropsychologists play a critical role in adult epilepsy surgery centers toward this end. Utilizing several specialized techniques including comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations, Wada testing, and electrocortical stimulation (language) mapping, we aim to identify risks and benefits associated with particular neurosurgical procedures. The information gleaned from these procedures is used by the surgical team along with other medical data, to derive a detailed treatment plan for each patient. Several case examples are included to highlight the ways in which these techniques and the data they generate are used for individual patients.
The Consequences of Family Separation at the Border and Beyond

The Trump administration's decision to separate young children from their parents who cross the border illegally or seek asylum generated a strong response from medical and mental health organizations. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine outlined the known harms to such separations1.
Two Blacks and One Yellow: Race in Pop Music

Through timely accommodating the ideological agenda of the Chinese state both domestically and internationally, patriotic songs have played a significant role in contemporary Chinese nationalism. The music genre contributed a number of racialized concepts about Chinese identity and Chinese history to contemporary China’s nationalist politics, as well as a set of highly effective idioms that address these concepts, a form of popular appeal and mass mobilization in a seemingly spontaneous and innocent manner, and finally, a mechanism through which the party-state deftly tames and exploits power of capitalist cultural production and market for ideological education. An introduction to and an analysis of this pop music genre provides a particular prism through which the dynamics and intensity of contemporary Chinese nationalism can be better understood as an interaction between the politics of reconstructing the national identity and the origination and popularization of a racial discourse.
Smartlink: Exploiting Channel Clustering Effects for Reliable Millimeter Wave Communications

Millimeter wave (mmW) communications have recently attracted considerable attention as a key element of next-generation (5G) wireless systems. Despite significant efforts in this domain, establishing and maintaining directional mmW links in a dynamic environment are still quite challenging, largely due to the search-time overhead of beam scanning, and the vulnerability of directional links to beam misalignment, blockage, and outages. In this paper, we propose SmartLink, a protocol that exploits the multi-cluster scattering phenomenon at mmW frequencies to establish a multi-directional link between a base station and a user. By exploiting multiple clusters, SmartLink enables fast initial access and link maintenance, along with sustained throughput. A search algorithm called multi-lobe beam search (MLBS) is used to discover multiple channel clusters by probing several directions simultaneously using carefully designed multilobe beam patterns. MLBS reduces the search time from linear to logarithmic with respect to the number of directions. We provide detailed analysis of the false alarm and misdetection probabilities for the designed beam patterns. Following cluster discovery, SmartLink divides antennas into sub-arrays to generate the optimal multi-lobe pattern with respect to cluster powers and blockage probabilities. Finally, extensive trace-driven simulations at 29 GHz frequency using phased-array antennas verify the efficiency of SmartLink.
Strain–Spintronics: Modulating Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Hf2MnC2O2 MXene by Uniaxial Strain

Next-generation spintronic nanoscale devices require two-dimensional (2D) materials with robust ferromagnetism. Among 2D materials, MXenes are favorable for spintronic applications due to their high electron conductivity and mobility. A recently reported MXene, Hf2MnC2O2, possesses a high Curie temperature (greater than 800 K) and a high magnetic moment per formula unit (3 μB). Since 2D materials have greater elastic strain limits than their bulk counterparts, their properties can be tuned effectively using strain engineering. Here, we investigate modifications in the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties produced by uniaxial strain on a Hf2MnC2O2 monolayer. The strain-free Hf2MnC2O2 nanosheet is an indirect band-gap semiconductor. Our calculations predict that an indirect-to-direct band-gap transition occurs at about 1–3% tensile strain applied in the armchair direction. At 7% strain applied in the zigzag direction and 9% strain applied in the armchair direction, this semiconductor material bec...
Wie erfolgreiche Unternehmen ihre Wertschöpfung internationalisieren

In diesem Titel steckt ein groser Anspruch und eine grose Herausforderung, selbst fur Unternehmen, die schon lange auf dem Weltmarkt erfolgreich tatig sind. Die Wertschopfungsstrukturen vieler Unternehmen sind noch immer stark national gepragt. Die nationalen Produktionsstrukturen sind nicht konsolidiert und verknupft, die landerubergreifenden Supply Chains funktionieren nur schlecht, internationale Beschaffungsmarkte werden nur marginal genutzt, die Fabriken haben die neuen Anforderungen aus der Internationalisierung noch nicht aufgenommen und umgesetzt. Das Resultat sind schlechte Leistungen und zu hohe Kosten, was uber kurz oder lang in echten Wettbewerbsnachteilen mundet. An die erfolgreiche Bedienung von E-Commerce-Geschaften aus solchen Strukturen heraus ist haufig noch nicht einmal zu denken.
Predicting the statistical occurrence of Mach cut-off sounds using a 3-D ray-tracing model and high-resolution weather data

Mach cut-off flight is achieved when a supersonic airplane operates in a narrow speed-altitude envelope just above Mach 1, intending that no sonic boom directly impacts the ground. The present work is assessing how often these ground impacts will occur. An improved 3-D acoustic ray-tracing model has been developed. The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) numerical weather prediction model is used for the atmosphere, which generates hourly analysis data and forecasts gridded at 3 km over the contiguous United States. The propagation of sonic boom noise is simulated for various flight paths, flight levels, safety margins, and atmospheres, to calculate the flight cut-off Mach numbers and corresponding ground speeds. The statistical occurrence of Mach cut-off sounds on the ground due to the atmosphere is predicted. [Work supported by the FAA. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ASCENT FAA Center of Excellence sponsor organizations.]Mach cut-off flight is achieved when a supersonic airplane operates in a narrow speed-altitude envelope just above Mach 1, intending that no sonic boom directly impacts the ground. The present work is assessing how often these ground impacts will occur. An improved 3-D acoustic ray-tracing model has been developed. The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) numerical weather prediction model is used for the atmosphere, which generates hourly analysis data and forecasts gridded at 3 km over the contiguous United States. The propagation of sonic boom noise is simulated for various flight paths, flight levels, safety margins, and atmospheres, to calculate the flight cut-off Mach numbers and corresponding ground speeds. The statistical occurrence of Mach cut-off sounds on the ground due to the atmosphere is predicted. [Work supported by the FAA. The opinions, findings, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of ASCENT FAA Cente...
How the Topsy-Turvy Trade World Affects Climate Change Cooperation

International trade rules can play a positive role in global efforts to prevent harmful climate change. In writing the new charter for the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1994, governments noted their intent that trade relations allow "for the optimal use of the world's resources in accordance with the objective of sustainable development...." Although the WTO does not prevent sustainable development, the WTO has not actively promoted sustainable development goals.
Equity Alliances and the Creation of Shareholder Wealth

We investigate share price responses to announcements of 93 business alliances using minority equity purchases to bond the agreements. On average, selling firms realize significant increases in share value while buying firms garner neutral share price responses. Analysis of financial performance reveals that the buying firms tend to perform above average among their industry peers, while the sellers tend to perform on par with industry norms. Examination of the cross-sectional variation in share price responses revealed that insider ownership is positively correlated with abnormal returns for sellers only where insider holdings exceed 25% of outstanding shares. For buyers, however, abnormal returns increase with increased ownership concentration up to 5%, but decrease as ownership concentration increases from 5% upward. Finally, a third of the alliances in our sample made significant changes in the terms of the agreement during the three years following the formation of the alliance (e.g. strengthening or extending the agreement, reducing the scope of the agreement, or terminating the agreement).
Recent advances on the structure and function of NDH-1: The complex I of oxygenic photosynthesis

Photosynthetic NADH dehydrogenase-like complex type-1 (a.k.a, NDH, NDH-1, or NDH-1L) is a multi-subunit, membrane-bound oxidoreductase related to the respiratory complex I. Although originally discovered 30 years ago, a number of recent advances have revealed significant insight into the structure, function, and physiology of NDH-1. Here, we highlight progress in understanding the function of NDH-1 in the photosynthetic light reactions of both cyanobacteria and chloroplasts from biochemical and structural perspectives. We further examine the cyanobacterial-specific forms of NDH-1 that possess vectorial carbonic anhydrase (vCA) activity and function in the CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM). We compare the proposed mechanism for the cyanobacterial NDH-1 vCA-activity to that of the DAB (DABs accumulates bicarbonate) complex, another putative vCA. Finally, we discuss both new and remaining questions pertaining to the mechanisms of NDH-1 complexes in light of these recent advances.
Midkine in chick and mouse retinas: neuroprotection, glial reactivity and the formation of Müller glia-derived progenitor cells

Abstract Recent studies have shown that midkine (MDK), a basic heparin-binding growth factor, is involved in the development and regeneration of the zebrafish retina. However, very little is known about MDK in the retinas of warm-blooded vertebrates. We investigate the expression patterns of MDK and related factors, roles in neuronal survival, and influence upon the formation of Muller glia-derived progenitor cells (MGPCs) in chick and mouse model systems. By using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), we find that MDK and related factors are dynamically expressed by maturing MG and by MG in retinas damaged by NMDA or treated with insulin and FGF2. Interestingly, MDK is significantly up-regulated by MG in damaged chick retinas, but down-regulated by MG in damaged mouse retinas. In both chick and mouse retinas, exogenous MDK selectively up-regulates cFOS and pS6 (a readout of mTOR-signaling) in Muller glia. In the chick, intraocular injections of MDK before injury decrease numbers of dying cells, decrease microglial reactivity, decrease the accumulation of Non-astrocytic Inner Retinal Glial (NIRG) cells, and decrease numbers of proliferating MGPCs. Addition of MDK signaling inhibitor Na3VO4 following retinal injury reverses these effects to increase the number of dying cells, accumulation of NIRG cells, and decrease the number of proliferating MGPCs. Inhibitors of PP2A and Pak1 had specific inhibitory effects on MGPC formation. In mice, MDK administration with NMDA damage drives a small but significant increase in MGPCs. We conclude that MDK expression is dynamically regulated in reactive Muller glia and during reprogramming into MGPCs. MDK acts to coordinate glial activity, neuronal survival, and may act in an autocrine manner to influence the re-programming of Muller glia into proliferating MGPCs.
Metastatic low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after 24 years: A case report and review of recent molecular genetics.

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) is a rare malignant uterine tumor with the potential to metastasize years after the primary resection. There is a broad differential diagnosis for endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS), including both benign and malignant entities. Herein, we present the case of a 64-year-old female with metastatic LGESS to the lung, diagnosed by cytology, 24 years after her initial presentation. This report discusses the cytomorphologic and histopathologic characteristics, and ancillary studies including immunohistochemical stains and recent advances in molecular diagnostics of ESS. Accurate diagnosis of spindle cell lesions in the lung can be challenging. As such, this case highlights the instrumental role of ancillary testing and molecular diagnostics to achieve a more definitive diagnosis.
Presenting an atlas of Hunner lesions in interstitial cystitis which can be identified with office cystoscopy

Aim To assist clinicians in proper visual diagnosis of Hunner lesions by providing an atlas of representative images of the variability in Hunner lesion appearance. Methods Available cystoscopic images of Hunner lesions were reviewed from patients with interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) treated by a single clinician between 2011 and 2020. For most patients, initial cystoscopy was performed in the office under local anesthesia. Images were categorized by variations in appearance. Data including Hunner lesion descriptions and patient demographics were retrospectively collected from the medical record. Only patients who had images available, received triamcinolone injection and/or fulguration of Hunner lesions, and reported improvement of their symptoms following treatment were included in the atlas. Results Thirty-one IC/BPS patients with Hunner lesions had cystoscopic images available for review. We created an atlas of representative images. Variations in appearance include classic lesions with or without a central coagulum, inflamed lesions, non-inflamed lesions, groupings of lesions, and lesions with a red waterfall bleeding appearance. Conclusion There is variation in cystoscopic appearance of Hunner lesions. Most Hunner lesions can be identified during office visits using flexible cystoscopy and local anesthesia without hydrodistention or general anesthesia. Proper visual diagnosis of Hunner lesions is of upmost importance as these patients with IC/BPS respond greatly to endoscopic intervention. This atlas will serve as a reference for clinicians and researchers, so they are able to better identify and manage these patients.
The Genetic and Environmental Influences Contributing to the Association between Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Initiation.

INTRODUCTION As the use of electronic cigarette (EC) continues to rise in the United States, especially among adolescents and young adults, it is necessary to better understand the factors associated with EC initiation. Specifically, it is unclear how genetic and environmental contributions influence the initiation of EC. Furthermore, the degree to which genetic and environmental influences are shared between EC initiation and conventional cigarette (CC) initiation is unknown. METHODS A sample of young adult twins ages 15-20 (N = 858 individuals; 421 complete twin pairs) was used to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on the liability of initiation unique to EC and CC as well as the degree to which these factors are shared between the two. Approximately 24% of participants initiated the use of EC, 19% initiated the use of CC, and 11% initiated the dual use. RESULTS Combined contributions of additive genetic and shared environmental influences were significant for CC (ACC = 0.19 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 0-0.79], p = 0.57; CCC = 0.42 [95% CI = 0-0.70], p = 0.13) and EC (AEC = 0.25 [95% CI = 0-0.83, p = 0.44; CEC = 0.42 [95% CI = 0-0.73], p = 0.12), whereas unique environmental influences were significant (ECC = 0.39 [95% CI = 0.18-0.57], p < 0.001; EEC = 0.32 [95% CI = 0.14-0.56], p < 0.001). Results also demonstrated a significant overlap of the unique environmental (rE = 0.87, p < 0.001) and familial influences contributing to correlation between the two phenotypes in the bivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results suggest that both genes and environmental influences are potential drivers of EC initiation among adolescents and young adults. IMPLICATIONS This article is the first to use a sample of twin to estimate the contributions of genetic and environmental influences toward EC initiation and estimate the potential for overlapping influences with CC initiation. This study has implications for future debate about the etiology of EC and CC use with respect to potential overlapping genetic and environmental influences.
Evaluation of a Lower-Resource-Dependent Tutoring Program Designed to Improve Introductory Psychology Performance:

Supplemental Instruction (SI) is a peer tutoring system shown to increase course grades and reduce dropout, particularly for courses with significant failure/dropout rates. Unfortunately, such syst...
Prior Choices of Between-Study Heterogeneity in Contemporary Bayesian Network Meta-analyses: an Empirical Study

Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a popular tool to compare multiple treatments in medical research. It is frequently implemented via Bayesian methods. The prior choice of between-study heterogeneity is critical in Bayesian NMAs. This study evaluates the impact of different priors for heterogeneity on NMA results. We identified all NMAs with binary outcomes published in The BMJ, JAMA, and The Lancet during 2010–2018, and extracted information about their prior choices for heterogeneity. Our primary analyses focused on those with publicly available full data. We re-analyzed the NMAs using 3 commonly-used non-informative priors and empirical informative log-normal priors. We obtained the posterior median odds ratios and 95% credible intervals of all comparisons, assessed the correlation among different priors, and used Bland–Altman plots to evaluate their agreement. The kappa statistic was also used to evaluate the agreement among these priors regarding statistical significance. Among the selected Bayesian NMAs, 52.3% did not specify the prior choice for heterogeneity, and 84.1% did not provide rationales. We re-analyzed 19 NMAs with full data available, involving 894 studies, 173 treatments, and 395,429 patients. The correlation among posterior median (log) odds ratios using different priors were generally very strong for NMAs with over 20 studies. The informative priors produced substantially narrower credible intervals than non-informative priors, especially for NMAs with few studies. Bland–Altman plots and kappa statistics indicated strong overall agreement, but this was not always the case for a specific NMA. Priors should be routinely reported in Bayesian NMAs. Sensitivity analyses are recommended to examine the impact of priors, especially for NMAs with relatively small sample sizes. Informative priors may produce substantially narrower credible intervals for such NMAs.
Restrictions on genitive subjects in Kazakh relative clauses

This article investigates two RC subject case marking strategies in Kazakh based on novel data coming from the author's fieldwork. The two strategies are the nom-subject strategy, where the RC subject is nominative and there is no agreement marking with it, and the gen-subject strategy, where the RC subject is genitive and the agreement with it is marked, seemingly non-locally, on the noun phrase modified by the RC. The paper's goal is to offer new empirical data on the characteristics and restrictions on the gen-subject strategy: the gen-DP is RC external and the same restrictions apply to it as to possessors, for this reason the paper argues that the gen-DP is situated (and gets case) in the possessor position and it is not assigned genitive case within the RC. Thus, the seemingly non-local Agree relation can be accounted if the gen-DP is in clause-external possessor position.
Collegiate Athletic Trainers' Experiences with Work-family Conflict and Work-family Guilt Based Upon Organizational Factors.

Context The collegiate athletic setting has been described as having high workloads and working demands. The extensive time commitment required of athletic trainers working in this setting has been identified as a precursor to work-family conflict (WFC) and work-family guilt (WFG). Though individualized, experiences in the work-life interface can largely be impacted by organizational factors (i.e., elements specific to the workplace). While staff size and patient load may influence the athletic trainer's feelings of WFC and WFG, these factors have not been directly studied. Objective Our purpose was to examine organizational factors and experiences of WFC and WFG among collegiate athletic trainers. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Collegiate setting. Participants 615 (female=391, gender variant/non-conforming=1, male=222, preferred not to answer=1) athletic trainers responded to an online survey. The average age of participants was 33 ± 9 years, and they were BOC certified for 10 ± 8 years. 352 participants (57.2%) worked in the DI setting, 99 in DII (16.1%), and 164 in DIII (26.7%). Main outcome measure(s) Participants responded to demographic and workplace characteristic questions (organizational infrastructure, staff size, and number of varsity-level athletic teams). Individuals completed WFC and WFG scales that have been previously validated and used in the athletic trainer population. Results Work-family conflict and WFG were universally experienced among our participants with WFC scores predicting WFG scores. Participants reported higher time-based conflict than strain or behavior-based conflict. No significant differences in WFC and WFG scores were found between organizational infrastructures. Weak positive correlations were found between staff size and WFC scores and WFG scores. The number of athletic teams was not associated with WFC or WFG scores. Conclusions Organizational factors are an important component of the work-life interface. From an organizational perspective, focusing on improving work-life balance for the athletic trainer can help mitigate experiences with WFC and WFG.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Early Recurrent Myocardial Infarction After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background We aimed to understand the characteristics and outcomes of patients readmitted with a recurrent myocardial infarction (RMI) within 90 days of discharge after an acute myocardial infarcti...
Slum‐free cities of the Asian century: Postcolonial government and the project of inclusive growth

The Asian Century can be understood as a historical conjuncture marked by new formations of economic hegemony and bold claims of Asian ascendancy. Situated at this historical moment, this essay examines a particular project of postcolonial government: inclusive growth. Taking up the example of India's recent Slum-free Cities policy, it shows how postcolonial government tackles the problem of urban poverty in order to make the Asian world-class city. Slum-free Cities marks a shift in city-making projects and indeed in the project of modernization—from slum evictions and demolitions to the integration of the poor into market rule. This essay provides an analysis of such emerging configurations of state, economy and poverty. Yet, such projects of inclusive growth are marked by paradoxes and limits, notably the complexity of transforming slum lands into legible and monetized property markets. These dilemmas are not new, and in fact, the archives of postcolonial government indicate repeated recitations of slum modernization. This longer history also indicates the need to view the Asian Century and its city-making projects, not as rupture or renaissance but instead as a citationary structure which enables distinctive teleologies of development and projects of postcolonial power.