cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Identification of the epitopes on human type VII collagen for monoclonal antibodies LH 7.2 and clone I, 185

Type VII collagen is the major component of anchoring fibrils, structures in human skin that mediate the adherence of the epidermis to the underlying dermis. Dystrophic forms of epidermolysis bullosa, a group of inherited mechanobullous disorders of the skin, are linked to the type VII collagen gene. Several mutations in the recessive form of this inherited disorder have been delineated. In this study, we mapped the epitopes of two commercially available monoclonal antibodies (clone I, 185 and LH 7.2) within the amino-terminal, non-collagenous domain of type VII (anchoring fibril) collagen. The precise localizations of the epitopes for these two monoclonal antibodies which are widely used to diagnose dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, will be useful for the confirmation of gene mutations at the protein level.
Sulfonation of polymer surfaces - I. Improving adhesion of polypropylene and polystyrene to epoxy adhesives via gas phase sulfonation

A new method for surface treating polymers and polymer composites based on gas phase sulfonation has been shown to quickly and effectively increase wettability and adhesion to epoxy. A gas mixture containing a low concentration of sulfur trioxide in nitrogen (∼ 1% v/v) was used to treat the surfaces of polypropylene and polystyrene films. The sulfonated surfaces were then neutralized with ammonium hydroxide. The effectiveness of sulfonation on the adhesion of these polymers to an epoxy adhesive was investigated using mechanical testing of sandwich lap-shear specimens. The lap-shear adhesive joint strength of epoxy to sulfonated polypropylene was compared with polypropylene treated with currently accepted surface treatments including chromic acid etching and flame treatment. Sulfonation greatly improves the adhesion of polypropylene to epoxy compared with other surface treatment techniques as measured by lap-shear strength. An optimum sulfonation treatment level was shown to exist for polypropylene. For po...
José Ortega y Gasset: Exuberant Steed

Indeed a skittish horse, with its nervous head and fiery eye, is a splendid image of stirring life. (Ortega y Gasset)Jose Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955) was a relentless ‘missionary’ for philosophical...
“You never asked doc., I do fish”

Joint pains and swellings are routine complaints in rheumatology clinics. Infectious diseases may mimic common rheumatic conditions and thus need to be ruled out before initiating any immunosuppressive treatment. Mycobacterium marinum is an organism that can present with a typical arthritis picture. A 60-year-old gentleman with a complicated medical history presented with a right wrist swelling which was initially managed as a case of remitting seronegative arthritis. He eventually required tenolysis and the biopsy showed M. marinum. On inquiry, he was found to be an avid fisherman. This report discusses typical diagnostic pitfalls, literature review on the reported cases and treatment strategies. The most important point is to ask for occupational and hobby history in such cases.
Six-year follow-up of a point-source exposure to CWD contaminated venison in an Upstate New York community: risk behaviours and health outcomes 2005–2011

Abstract Objectives It is currently unknown whether chronic wasting disease (CWD), a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, is transmissible to humans. Reported on here are the behavioural risk factors and health conditions associated with a six-year follow-up of a known point-source exposure to a CWD infected deer in an Upstate New York community. Study design Longitudinal. Methods The Oneida County Chronic Wasting Disease Surveillance Project was launched in 2005 in response to a point-source exposure to a CWD infected deer at a March 2005 Sportsmen's feast in Upstate New York. Eighty-one exposed individuals participated in the 2005 baseline data collection, and were sent follow-up questionnaires following each deer hunting season between 2005 and 2011. Results Over a six year period, participants reported a reduction in overall venison consumption. Participants reported no significant changes in health conditions, although several conditions (vision loss, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, weight changes, hypertension, and arthritis), were significantly associated with age. Conclusions To this day, this incident remains the only known large-scale point-source exposure to a CWD infected deer. Prion diseases can incubate for multiple decades before the manifestation of clinical symptoms; thus, continued surveillance of this exposed study population represents a unique opportunity to assess the risk of CWD transmission to humans. This project is uniquely situated to provide the first epidemiological evidence of CWD transmission to humans, should it occur.
Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Abstract Background Whereas sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk has been recognized in heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), less is known about SCD risk in HF patients with preserved EF (HFpEF). We examined the incidence and predictors of SCD in HFpEF in a large population sample. Methods and Results Medical records of patients discharged with a primary diagnosis of HF from hospitals in Minneapolis–St Paul in 1995 and 2000 were abstracted. HFpEF was defined as EF ≥45%. SCD was defined as cardiac arrest or out-of-hospital death due to coronary heart disease (CHD) on death certificates. A total of 2,203 patients (age 70 ± 11 years, 53% male) were included. The 787 patients (36%) with HFpEF were older, more often female and more likely to have hypertension than the 1,416 (64%) with HFrEF. All-cause mortality (52% vs 58%; P = .01) and SCD (6% vs 14%; P Conclusions Incidence of SCD in HFpEF is lower than in HFrEF. Present markers of SCD in HFpEF are sparse and insufficient to identify the patient at risk.
Edge sensor design for the TMT

The Thirty Meter Telescope project will design and build a thirty-meter diameter telescope for research in astronomy at optical and infrared wavelengths. The highly segmented primary mirror will use edge sensors to align and stabilize the relative piston, tip, and tilt degrees of freedom of the segments. We describe an edge sensor conceptual design and relate the sensor errors to the performance of the telescope as whole. We discuss the sensor calibration, installation, maintenance, and reliability.
Coma-type radio halos and cluster X-ray morphology

It is pointed out that there seems to be a characteristic X-ray morphology for clusters with Coma-type radio halos. This correlation may be the first evidence that the conditions conducive to formation of a radio halo influence or are influenced by the thermal gas distribution. It is suggested that heating of the intracluster gas by the cosmic rays that power the radio halo may be the source of the correlation. The anomalous gas temperature of Coma may be the result of this process. Future observations of cluster temperatures and velocity dispersions should provide a test of the cosmic-ray heating hypothesis
Flow Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Vascular Endothelium Leads to Krüppel-Like Factor 2 Expression

Objective— Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) confer atheroprotection at locations of the arterial tree where pulsatile laminar flow (PS) exists with a high shear stress and a large net forward direc...
Location of name and address on fax cover pages

A document analysis system which understands the incoming fax cover pages can serve as a mail routing system. This paper reports our research as part of an effort to realize such a system and focuses on locating the recipient's name and address on fax cover sheets. The name and address regions will later be extracted from the image and sent to an address interpretation unit for further processing. Fax cover pages are one type of documents which have changeable layout, contain many objects of different nature, and possess compact contents. Previous page segmentation techniques which mainly used geometric features are found not suitable for the current task. Our method uses a scheme which strongly couples text recognition and block segmentation. The system attempts to locate and recognize words which are data field indicators so as to figure out the positions of such keywords as "TO" and "COMPANY". The information regarding the positions of "TO" and "COMPANY" indicators is used as reference in block segmentation to segment out their associated data regions. Our system has proved to work reasonably well on a sample set composed of 12 machined-printed images and 115 handwritten images.
Communicated somatic markers benefit both the individual and the species

We use emotional communication within a predator-prey game to evaluate the tradeoff between socio-emotional behavior at individual- and species- scales. In this predator-prey game, individual predators and prey use emotion in their decision making, and communicate their emotional state with neighboring conspecifics. The model of emotion is based upon the somatic marker hypothesis. In comparing individual utility and population dynamics we find emotion is capable of both supporting species and individual gain. We suggest this type of dynamic may provide a mechanism for the emergence of altruistic behavior within a species under individual and/or group selection.
Effectiveness of a social marketing media campaign to reduce oral cancer racial disparities.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic evaluation of a theory-driven oral cancer awareness media campaign. Methods We surveyed a cohort of residents in an intervention city (250) and a control city (250) immediately prior to and after the media campaign. Participants (125 black/ African American and 125 white) in each city completed surveys at baseline and follow-up. Oral cancer campaign awareness was assessed in both cities, along with 4 hypothetical health campaigns. Oral cancer awareness, oral cancer exam awareness, intent to receive an oral cancer exam, interest in exam, and receipt of exam were also assessed in both cities, both at baseline and follow-up. Results Intervention city residents showed a significant increase in recognition of the campaign, awareness of the oral cancer exam, and interest in getting an exam, while no significant changes in those topics were found for the control city. Blacks/African Americans in the intervention city were significantly more likely than whites to demonstrate increases in awareness of the campaign, oral cancer awareness, and interest in receiving an oral cancer exam. Conclusions A theory-driven media campaign was successful in increasing awareness of the oral cancer exam and interest in the exam among blacks/African Americans.
“Clumped-isotope” geochemistry—The study of naturally-occurring, multiply-substituted isotopologues

Clumped isotope geochemistry is concerned with the state of ordering of rare isotopes in natural materials. That is, it examines the extent to which rare isotopes (D, ^(13)C, ^(15)N, ^(18)O, etc.) bond with or near each other rather than with the sea of light isotopes in which they swim. Abundances of isotopic ‘clumps’ in natural materials are influenced by a wide variety of factors. In most cases, their concentrations approach (within ca. 1%, relative) the amount expected for a random distribution of isotopes. Deviations from this stochastic distribution result from: enhanced thermodynamic stability of heavy-isotope ‘clumps’; slower kinetics of reactions requiring the breakage of bonds between heavy isotopes; the mass dependence of diffusive and thermo-gravitational fractionations; mixing between components that differ from one another in bulk isotopic composition; biochemical and photochemical fractionations that may reflect combinations of these simpler physical mechanisms; and, in some cases, other processes we do not yet understand. Although clumped isotope geochemistry is a young field, several seemingly promising applications have already emerged. Most importantly, it appears that proportions of ^(13)C–^(18)O bonds in carbonate minerals are sensitive to their growth temperatures, independent of bulk isotopic composition. Thus, ‘clumped isotope’ analysis of ancient carbonates can be used as a quantitative paleothermometer that requires no assumptions about the δ^(18)O of waters from which carbonates grew. This approach has been used to reconstruct marine temperatures across the Phanerozoic (reaching back to the Silurian), terrestrial ground temperatures across the Cenozoic, thermal histories of aqueously altered meteorites, among other applications. Clumped isotope geochemistry is also placing new constraints on the atmospheric budget and stratospheric photochemistry of CO_2, and should be capable of placing analogous new constraints on the budgets of other atmospheric gases. Finally, this field could be extended to encompass sulfates, volatile hydrocarbons, organic moieties and other materials.
A review of Dimerodontium (Fabroniaceae)

A revision of Dimerodontium recognizes three species: D. mendozense, D. balansae and D. pellucidum, all found in southern South America and the last two also in South Africa, mostly epiphytic or saxicolous.
Evaluation of the drag force by integrating the energy dissipation rate in stokes flow for 2D domains using the FEM

SUMMARY The total drag force on the surface of a body, which is the sum of the form drag and the skin friction drag in a 2D domain, is numerically evaluated by integrating the energy dissipation rate in the whole domain for an incompressible Stokes fluid. The finite element method is used to calculate both the energy dissipation rate in the whole domain as well as the drag on the boundary of the body. The evaluation of the drag and the energy dissipation rate are post-processing operations which are carried out after the velocity field and the pressure field for the flow over a particular profile have been obtained. The results obtained for the flow over three different but constant area profiles -a circle, an ellipse and a cross-section of a prolate spheroid-with uniform inlet velocity are presented and it is shown that the total drag force times the velocity is equal to the total energy dissipation rate in the entire finite flow domain. Hence, by calculating the energy dissipation rate in the domain with unit velocity specified at the far-field boundary enclosing the domain, the drag force on the boundary of the body can be obtained.
An Algorithm for Buffer Cache Management

This paper proposes an algorithm for buffer cache management with pre-fetching. The buffer cache contains two units, the main cache unit and pre-fetch unit. The sizes of both the units are fixed. The total sizes of both the units are a constant. Blocks are fetched in one block look ahead pre-fetch principle. The block placement and replacement policies are defined. The replacement strategy depends on the most recently accessed block and the defined miss counts of the blocks. FIFO algorithm is used for the pre-fetch unit. The proposed algorithm is compared with Weighing/Waiting room (W^2R) algorithm for sequential and random input. For sequential input, the performance is comparable with that of algorithm. For random input, the proposed algorithm performs better than by 9%.
Spectral pollution in TDMA: digital FM and P/4-QPSK experimental study and CAD improvement

Spectral pollution or spectral spreading of burst TDMA (time division multiple access) digital FM and pi /4-QPSK (quadrature phase shift keying) systems is studied by hardware experimental methods and computer simulation. The effects of rectangular, linear, and raised cosine ramp on/off switching are examined on two prototypes for different gating rates, duty cycles, transmitter-filter roll-off factors, and ramp on/off times. The measured results agree with computer simulation and indicate that the adjacent channel interference (ACI) caused by burst operation in TDMA pi /4-QPSK is significantly reduced by raised cosine switching in comparison with other switchings. >
Mode 2 four-arm spiral antennas as pulse radiators

This paper investigates the frequency- and time-domain properties of mode 2 four-arm spiral antennas. First, the antenna's complex far fields obtained from method of moments (MOM) simulation are used to synthesize the transfer function of the communication link. Then, the time domain response is obtained by post processing the frequency domain data using the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT). The dispersion of spiral antennas and associated pulse distortion of the communication link is evaluated over wide field of view for different source pulse shapes, and antenna geometrical parameters.
A reticulocyte-binding protein complex of plasmodium vivax merozoites

Plasmodium vivax merozoites primarily invade reticulocytes. The basis of this restricted host cell preference has been debated. Here we introduce two novel P. vivax proteins that comigrate on reducing SDS-polyacrylamide gels, colocalize at the apical pole of merozoites, and adhere specifically to reticulocytes. The genes encoding these proteins, P. vivax reticulocyte-binding proteins 1 and 2 (PvRBP-1 and PvRBP-2), have been cloned and analyzed. Homologous genes are evident in the closely related simian malaria parasite, P. cynomolgi, which also prefers to invade reticulocytes, but are not evident in the genome of another related simian malaria parasite, P. knowlesi, which invades all red blood cell subpopulations. Native PvRBP-1 is likely a transmembrane-anchored disulfide-linked protein, and along with PvRBP-2 may function as an adhesive protein complex. We propose that the RBPs of P. vivax, and homologous proteins of P. cynomolgi, function to target the reticulocyte subpopulation of red blood cells for invasion.
BVA-type quartz oscillator for spacecraft

The performance of an oscillator using a BVA-type stress-compensated cut resonator is discussed. This oscillator design has demonstrated 24-h aging rates of >
Revealing actual documentation usage in software maintenance through war stories

War stories are a form of qualitative data that capture informants' specific accounts of surmounting great challenges. The rich contextual detail afforded by this approach warrants its inclusion in the methodological arsenal of empirical software engineering research. We ground this assertion in an exemplar field study that examined the use of documentation in software maintenance environments. Specific examples are unpacked to reveal a depth of insight that would not have been possible using standard interviews. This afforded a better understanding of the complex relationship between project personnel and documentation, including individuals' roles as pointers, gatekeepers, or barriers to documentation.
9 Outcomes in Destination Therapy VAD and Extended Criteria Cardiac Transplantation Stratified by HeartMate Risk Score

Purpose: Destination therapy left ventricular assist device (DTVAD) and extended-criteria cardiac transplantation (ECCT) are therapies for patients (pts) with end-stage heart failure (HF) and advanced age/comorbid conditions. DTVAD and ECCT have not been compared on the basis of perioperative risk. We evaluated outcomes of pts treated with ECCT or DTVAD at our center stratified by HeartMate Risk Score (HMRS). Methods and Materials: 111 consecutive pts treated with DTVAD (n 69, continuous flow VAD) or ECCT (n 42) between 2005-2010 were retrospectively evaluated. Pts were assigned to low-intermediate (int) or highrisk groups based on preoperative HMRS. Survival analysis was performed before and after stratification by HMRS (median follow up 483 days). Results: Mean age (67y), sex and heart failure etiology were similar in both groups. DTVAD pts had lower EF (15% vs 20%, p 0.01) and lower cardiac index(1.8 L/min/m2 vs 2.1 L/min/m2, p 0.01). Overall, there was a trend towards higher 2-year survival with ECCT than DTVAD (75% vs 70%, p 0.06), due to increased perioperative mortality with DTVAD. When stratified by HMRS, survival was identical for pts with low-int risk (74% vs 76%, p 0.983, figure). Increased mortality with DTVAD compared with ECCT was seen in high-risk HMRS groups (figure).
Designing representations of trigonometry instruction to study the rationality of community college teaching

We describe the process followed to design representations of mathematics teaching in a community college. The end product sought are animated videos to be used in investigating the practical rationality that community college instructors use to justify norms of the didactical contract or possible departures from those norms. We have chosen to work within the trigonometry course, in the context of an instructional situation, “finding the values of trigonometric functions,” and specifically on a case of this situation that occurs as instructors and students are working on examples on the board. We describe the design of the material needed to produce the animations: (1) identifying an instructional situation, (2) identifying norms of the contract that are key in that situation, (3) selecting or creating a scenario that illustrates those norms, (4) proposing alternative scenarios that instantiate breaches of those norms, and (5) anticipating justifications or rebuttals for the breaches that could be found in instructors’ reactions. We illustrate the interplay of contextual and theoretical elements as we make decisions and state hypothesis about the situation that will be prototyped.
Crystal structure of ATF‐2/c‐Jun and IRF‐3 bound to the interferon‐β enhancer

Transcriptional activation of the interferon-β (IFN-β) gene requires assembly of an enhanceosome containing the transcription factors ATF-2/c-Jun, IRF-3/IRF-7, NF-κB and HMGI(Y). These factors cooperatively bind a composite DNA site and activate expression of the IFN-β gene. The 3.0 A crystal structure of the DNA-binding domains of ATF-2/c-Jun and two IRF-3 molecules in a complex with 31 base pairs (bp) of the PRDIV–PRDIII region of the IFN-β enhancer shows that association of the four proteins with DNA creates a continuous surface for the recognition of 24 bp. The structure, together with in vitro binding studies and protein mutagenesis, shows that protein–protein interactions are not critical for cooperative binding. Instead, cooperativity arises mainly through nucleotide sequence-dependent structural changes in the DNA that allow formation of complementary DNA conformations. Because the binding sites overlap on the enhancer, the unit of recognition is the entire nucleotide sequence, not the individual subsites.
POPULATION DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES OF RED-LEGGED FROGS (RANA AURORA) TO INTRODUCED BULLFROGS

We studied eight populations of the red-legged frog, Rana aurora, to examine responses of allotopic and syntopic tadpoles to the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, an introduced predator of R. aurora. We also assessed predation rates by R. catesbeiana on syntopic and allotopic populations of R. aurora. Syntopic R. aurora tadpoles significantly reduced their activity and increased their refuge use when presented with the chemical cues of both tadpoles and adult R. catesbeiana. In contrast, allotopic tadpoles did not significantly alter their behavior in the presence of either R. catesbeiana adults or larvae. Predation by R. catesbeiana was lower in syntopic than in allotopic populations of R. aurora tadpoles. Our results show differential responses of syntopic and allotopic R. aurora tadpoles to larval and adult R. catesbeiana. Syntopic tadpoles avoid predation by R. catesbeiana more efficiently than do tadpoles from allotopic populations. Apparently, individuals that are unfamiliar with novel, introduced organisms may not possess adaptations that would prevent a negative encounter.
Prospects for Atmospheric Radiation

I shall restrict my remarks to three topics: Weather Prediction, Remote Sensing, and Climate Catastrophies. I am aware that this does not include many important areas of atmospheric radiation, but these three topics bring out many of the issues in our field and set an agenda for the near future.
Property's Functions and the Right to Develop

At stake in most contemporary land-use disputes, particularly those involving regulatory takings, is the legal right of land owners to develop or otherwise alter their lands in significant ways. Landowners claim that they possess or should possess this power, while lawmakers conclude that a curtailment of rights would serve the public interest. For various reasons we've had troubles seeing this conflict clearly. What development rights should landowners possess, and what powers should government have to curtail or redefine them? To address these questions we need to see that private property is basically a tool that society uses to promote the common welfare; it is a social institution in which private owners call upon government (including police, courts, and even prisons) to curtail the activities of nonowners. To decide what development options owners ought to possess, given this moral complexity, we need to consider how a sound system of private property can in practice promote the common good.This essay, drawn from a new book on private property, probes the three basic functions of private land ownership with particular regard for development rights. It also probes how increases in the development value of land are due not to labor expended by owners but to the activities of surrounding landowners as a community. This background sets the stage for answering the central question of development rights. A key conclusion is that, while landowners need and deserve substantial protection from interference with on-going activities, there is much less need to protect their hopes of initiating new land uses in the future. What landowners need most is not some protection against future laws limiting development but instead an assurance that such laws will apply widely to all similarly situated landowners.
Neuropeptide Y fails to increase intraoral intake in rats

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has a potent orexigenic effect when administered either into the third ventricle or directly into hypothalamic nuclei, but the mechanism by which NPY increases intakes is poorly understood. The present study tested the ability of NPY to increase intake of the rat in the intraoral intake test, which focuses on the highly stereotyped consummatory phase of ingestion by introducing a 0.1 M sucrose solution directly into the oral cavity of rats via indwelling intraoral cannulas. Doses of 3, 9.5, and 30 micrograms of NPY, when administered into the third ventricle, all failed to change intraoral intake compared with a saline control. Food deprivation (24 h), however, nearly doubled intraoral intake. Additionally, in separate experiments, 9.5 micrograms of NPY significantly increased both 1-h food intake and 1-h bottle intake of 0.1 M sucrose. These results are consistent with two conclusions. 1) NPY does not affect the consummatory phase of ingestion. 2) NPY administration does not completely mimic the stimulus state associated with food deprivation, since food deprivation but not NPY administration increases intake in the intraoral intake test.
Congenital Interventions Enter the Era of Big Data: Risks and Rewards.

In this issue of the Journal , Lewis et al. [(1)][1] give significant insight into outcomes and risks associated with pulmonary artery stenting in children with congenital heart disease while highlighting both the potential power of “big data” prospective registries and their significant
Photorefractive Phased-Array Processor using Coherent, Adaptive Optical-Signal Processing

We present experimental results of an RF photonic processor, using a 45° cut BaTiO3 crystal to implement an adaptive weight matrix, capable of performing broadband, adaptive beam forming and jammer nulling for phased-array antennas. The optical archi-tecture is based upon the BEAMTAP (Broadband Efficient Adaptive Method for True-time-delay Array Processing) algorithm, which enables an ef?cient implementation using photorefractive dynamic holograms as adaptive weights, a traveling-fringes detector for coherent detection, and an acousto-optic de?ector for real-time weight adaptation. Experi-mental null depths in excess of 40 dB for narrowband jammers, and 25 - 35 dB for broad-band jammers, are presented.
Dynamics of buoyancy-driven flows at moderately high Atwood numbers

Simultaneous density and velocity turbulence statistics for Rayleigh–Taylor-driven flows at a moderately high Atwood number ( ) of are obtained using a new convective type or statistically steady gas tunnel facility. Air and air–helium mixture are used as working fluids to create a density difference in this facility, with a thin splitter plate separating the two streams flowing parallel to each other at the same velocity ( ). At the end of the splitter plate, the two miscible fluids are allowed to mix and the instability develops. Visualization and Mie-scattering techniques are used to obtain structure shape, volume fraction profile and mixing height growth information. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and hot-wire techniques are used to measure planar and point-wise velocity statistics in the developing mixing layer. Asymmetry is evident in the flow field from the Mie-scattering images, with the spike side showing a more gradual decline in volume fraction than the bubble side. The spike side of the mixing layer grows 50 % faster than the bubble side. PIV is implemented for the first time in these moderately high-Atwood-number experiments ( ) to obtain root-mean-square velocities, anisotropy tensor components and Reynolds stresses across the mixing layer. Overall, the turbulence statistics measured have shown different scaling compared to small-Atwood-number experiments. However, the total probability density functions for the velocities and turbulent mass fluxes exhibit behaviour similar to small-Atwood-number experiments. Conditional statistics reveal different values for turbulence statistics for spikes and bubbles, unlike small-Atwood-number experiments.
Efficiency matters

Current data intensive scalable computing (DISC) systems, although scalable, achieve embarrassingly low rates of processing per node. We feel that current DISC systems have repeated a mistake of old high-performance systems: focusing on scalability without considering efficiency. This poor efficiency comes with issues in reliability, energy, and cost. As the gap between theoretical performance and what is actually achieved has become glaringly large, we feel there is a pressing need to rethink the design of future data intensive computing and carefully consider the direction of future research.
Relapsing bacterial meningitis in adults

Relapsing bacterial meningitis is a rare condition, diagnosed in eight patients between 1981 and 1993 at our institution. These accounted for 3.4% of 234 adult patients with blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid culture-proven bacterial meningitis. A review of the English-language literature from 1966 to the present revealed only five further adult cases of relapsing bacterial meningitis with in-depth case histories. Of these 13 total patients, nine were female and four male, aged 17-61 years. Ten were neurosurgical patients. Gram-negative bacilli, especially Klebsiella species, were the commonest micro-organisms identified for both the initial episode and the relapse of infection. Three patients died in the course of relapse. Four or more weeks of antibiotic therapy may be needed to treat post-surgical patients with Gram-negative bacillary meningitis. Even a normal cerebrospinal fluid study at the end of treatment of bacterial meningitis is not a guarantee of freedom from relapse.
Behaviour of rippled shocks from ablatively-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov in metals accounting for strength

While numerous continuum material strength and phase transformation models have been proposed to capture their complex dependences on intensive properties and deformation history, few experimental methods are available to validate these models particularly in the large pressure and strain rate regime typical of strong shock and ramp dynamic loading. In the experiments and simulations we present, a rippled shock is created by laser-ablation of a periodic surface perturbation on a metal target. The strength of the shock can be tuned to access phase transitions in metals such as iron or simply to study high-pressure strength in isomorphic materials such as copper. Simulations, with models calibrated and validated to the experiments, show that the evolution of the amplitude of imprinted perturbations on the back surface by the rippled shock is strongly affected by strength and phase transformation kinetics. Increased strength has a smoothing effect on the perturbed shock front profile resulting in smaller perturbations on the free surface. In iron, faster phase transformations kinetics had a similar effect as increased strength, leading to smoother pressure contours inside the samples and smaller amplitudes of free surface perturbations in our simulations.
Miscellaneous findings in body fluids.

1. Leilani Collins, MS MT(ASCP)SH CLS(NCA)[⇑][1] 1. is associate professor, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis TN 1. Address for correspondence: Leilani Collins MS MT(ASCP)SH CLS(NCA), associate professor, Clinical Laboratory Science Program, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, 930 Madison Avenue, Suite 670, Memphis TN 38163. (901) 448-6299. lcollins{at}utmem.edu. 1. Describe the significance of eosinophils in urine. 2. Describe lupus erythematosus cells in serous and synovial fluids. 3. Describe the significant cellular findings in bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) specimens. Cytocentrifuge slides can provide important information in diagnosing various conditions. Urine for eosinophils Urine samples for eosinophils may be submitted when interstitial nephritis secondary to antibiotic therapy is suspected. Slides to search for eosinophils should be prepared by concentration of the sample by either standard centrifugation or cytocentrifugation. Slides should be stained with Wright stain and a thorough search made for eosinophils. A finding of any eosinophils is significant. Lupus Erythematosus (LE) cells LE cells are neutrophils containing a smooth homogeneous nuclear mass. The nucleus of the neutrophil will be displaced to the edge of the cell wall by the large homogeneous mass. In patients who have systemic lupus erythematosus, the characteristic LE cell may be seen in serous and synovial fluids. All the factors necessary for formation of these cells—incubation, trauma to the cells, and the LE factor—are present in vivo in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The finding of these cells can be of diagnostic significance in patients not previously identified with this disease. See Figure 1. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)—the fluid that isn't a fluid Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is usually performed on hospitalized patients who have non-resolving pneumonia in an attempt to identify organisms that are not responding to antibiotic treatment or to detect malignancy. The “fluid” is obtained by introducing warmed saline into the lungs through a bronchoscope in 20 mL aliquots followed by aspiration of the saline. A total of 100-120 mL of saline is introduced and aspirated with a recovery of 40-60 mL.3 The “fluid”… ARDS = adult respiratory distress syndrome; BAL = bronchoalveolar lavage; LE = Lupus Erythematosus. 1. Describe the significance of eosinophils in urine. 2. Describe lupus erythematosus cells in serous and synovial fluids. 3. Describe the significant cellular findings in bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) specimens. [1]: #corresp-1
Palliative Care in the Long-Term Care Setting

Over 25 % of adults, age 65 and older, including 67 % of persons with advanced dementia, live their final days in nursing homes. Despite the billions of dollars spent on nursing home services, care in this setting is associated with poor symptom control, burdensome transitions, and low family satisfaction with care. Palliative care is one approach to enhancing care for nursing home residents with progressive, life-limiting illnesses. This chapter describes models of palliative care delivery in nursing homes including strengths and challenges with each model. We also recommend several policy changes that can advance the care of older adults living and dying in this setting.
Comparison of outcomes of patients with acute appendicitis between an acute care surgery model and traditional call coverage model in the same community.

Abstract Background This study compared outcomes, patient flow, and cost between an acute care surgery (ACS) and traditional call model (TRAD) for acute appendicitis in the same community and time period. Methods Patients who underwent appendectomy from 7/1/2012 to 6/30/2014 were retrospectively reviewed. An ACS and TRAD were compared. Demographic data, outcomes, cost, and time intervals were compared. Results Of the 945 patients reviewed, the ACS group had more perforated appendicitis on preoperative computed tomography scan (9% vs 3%, P P P P P Conclusions ACS was superior for management of acute appendicitis with shorter time from consultation to operation, shorter time to discharge if nonperforated, and decreased cost.
Weight Adjusted Low-Dose Warfarin Decreases the Incidence of Thalidomide (T) Associated Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Patients (pts) with Multiple Myeloma (MM) and Waldenstroms Macroglobulinemia (WM).

Abstract Introduction: T is an effective antimyeloma therapy. An important and problematic side effect of T is development of VTE. The underlying etiology of T associated VTE remains unknown, though a definite rise in its incidence is recorded when combined with other antimyeloma therapies such as dexamethasone (15%) and doxorubicin (26%). Defining an optimal way to prevent T associated VTE is important to improve patient's quality of life and safety of T. We prospectively investigated the use of weight-adjusted, low-dose warfarin to decrease the incidence of VTE among pts treated with T based regimens. Methods: All pts treated with T-based therapies, at our institute were given VTE prophylaxis with 1 vs. 2mg warfarin for actual body weight Results: A total of 80 pts, 60 years (range 43–82), 35M and 45F are included in this analysis. Sixty three had stage III and 14 had ≤ stage II MM while 3 pts had WM. T was given with dex in 58 (72%) with dox in 57(71%) and with bortezomib in 32 (40%). Table 1 outlines the T based regimens used. IgG MM was noted in 39, IgA in 20 and 31 had other types of MM. Median T dose was 200 mg (range 50–300) and the median duration 4 months (range 1–6 months). Thirty two pts received 1mg and 48 received 2mg warfarin. Overall incidence of VTE was 6.25% (n=5). There were no bleeding complications noted with the use of warfarin in this pt population. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates for the first time that a weight adjusted low-dose warfarin approach in MM pts decreases the incidence of T associated VTE and can be safely instituted in pts treated with this important anti-myeloma therapy. Interestingly, none of the pts who received T with Doxil experienced any episode of VTE. Regimen No. of Patients Thalidomide Alone 1 Dexamethasone + Thalidomide 28 Bortezomib + Doxil + Thalidomide 24 VAD + Thalidomide 22 Bortezomib + Cyclophosphmaide + Dexamethasone + Thalidomide 5
A new eigenvector-based 3D wideband acoustic DOA estimator

Many multiple narrow-band source detection and DOA methods have been proposed. In the past, we have used an Approximate Maximum-Likelihood (AML) method needing considerable computational complexity for the detection and 3D DOA estimation of multiple broad-band sources. Now, we propose a novel eigen system-based array detection and DOA estimation of multiple broad-band sources with significantly reduced computational complexity. After appropriate STFT, all N sensor array data for any subband index k can be used to form a cross-covariance matrix Ck. An eigen-decomposition yields [Vk, Dk] — eig(C k), where the ratios of the larger eigen values in Dk relative to the smallest eigenvalue provide a possible detection criterion for various sources and the corresponding eigenvectors can be used to estimate the DOA's of multiple sources. An N = 4 element array was used to collect a two-bird wide-band acoustic source to illustrate the proposed method. An intuitive clustering of different A-indexed subband was also used. The proposed method offers many advantages compared to AML for estimating the azimuth and elevation angles for multiple sources. The primary advantage is that source direction can be estimated based on a single subband frequency for up to N-1 sources. The eigen-analysis also avoids a processing complexity that is proportional to the number of snapshots. The impact of signal to interference ratio greatly reduced the ill-effect of the interference since different eigenvectors are essentially independent of each other. The integration over frequency to improve SNR can be put off until the sources have been isolated.
Skeletal Muscle Nucleo-Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction, evidenced by incomplete beta oxidation and accumulation of fatty acid intermediates in the form of long and medium chain acylcarnitines, may contribute to ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance during high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. The present review discusses the roles of anterograde and retrograde communication in nucleo-mitochondrial crosstalk that determines skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations, specifically alterations in mitochondrial number and function in relation to obesity and insulin resistance. Special emphasis is placed on the effects of high fat diet (HFD) feeding on expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NEMGs) nuclear receptor factor 1 (NRF-1) and 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in the onset and progression of insulin resistance during obesity and how HFD-induced alterations in NEMG expression affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations in relation to beta oxidation of fatty acids. Finally, the potential ability of acylcarnitines or fatty acid intermediates resulting from mitochondrial beta oxidation to act as retrograde signals in nucleo-mitochondrial crosstalk is reviewed and discussed.
Plenary I: The Internet of important things

Cyber-physical systems are integrations of computation, communication networks, and physical dynamics. Applications include manufacturing, transportation, energy production and distribution, biomedical, smart buildings, and military systems, to name a few. Increasingly, today, such systems leverage Internet technology, despite a significant mismatch in technical objectives. A major challenge today is to make this technology reliable, predictable, and controllable enough for “important” things, such as safety-critical and mission-critical systems. In this talk, I will analyze how emerging technologies can translate into better models and better engineering methods for this evolving Internet of important things. I will particularly focus on embedded processor design that can significantly improve determinism and reduce power consumption for embedded software.
Sixteenth Century European Artifacts from the Confirmed 8MR03538 De Soto Encampment Site with X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis

The 8MR03538 White Ranch/De Soto site is one of the most thoroughly vetted and scientifically dated archaeological sites in recent history. It has been confirmed as a contact site of the 1539 entrada by conquistador Hernando de Soto and his army. This site identified to have multiple occupations was the location of one of Hernando de Soto’s early camps in the sixteenth century and was in later use during the seventeenth century Spanish mission and ranching period. This important First Spanish Cultural Period site is located between Ocala and Gainesville, Florida on the wetlands of Orange Lake. Based on historical documentation, the site would be located east of the Aucilla River within the Timucuan Province. This investigation contains a systemic analysis of the artifacts from site 8MR03538 recovered between 2005 and 2015 with additional X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis (pXFR) of material artifacts compared to current museum databases for date range and confirmed elemental composition consistent with western European artifacts manufactured in the late 15th to early 16th centuries. Bioarchaeological studies of the animal remains reveal the one-sigma calibrated calendrical date range is AD 1529 ± 11 years: the 95% confidence level age range is AD 1518–1540. The date calibrated from the 2 sigma 95.4% confidence interval centered at the year 1540. Detailed field notes, ground truth studies performed with penetrating radar, magnetic detection and geographic information systems were used to record and analyze the excavation site and its geospatial relationships. This analysis reconfirms at the highest threshold the conclusions and documentation confirming that site 8MR03538 is where Hernando de Soto came to the area of Potano on August 12th 1539. His army began camping just to the south of this location from August 11th to August 22nd and then marched north through Potano to join him on the entrada at Aguacaleyquen. The ceramic, coin and material cultural artifact assemblages from 8MR03538 strongly prove the visitation by De Soto and the later location for the sixteenth century mission visita known as Apula. The original mission constructed at the 8MR03538 site was burned by Spanish soldiers in 1584 and in 1601 the Potano chiefdom received permission to relocate the town of Potano closer to Orange Lake. In 1608 a new Franciscan mission San Buenaventura de Potano was built in the relocated town. The 8MR03538 site was reoccupied during the seventeenth century Spanish ranching period.
Mandated High School Concussion Education and Collegiate Athletes' Understanding of Concussion.

Context: Concussions in student-athletes are a serious problem. Most states have enacted legislation mandating concussion education for student-athletes, under the assumption that education leads to better self-reporting of concussions and improved knowledge of symptoms. Objectives: (1) To determine the effect of state-based concussion legislation on the proportion of student-athletes receiving concussion education and to assess the moderation of this effect by gender and sport and (2) to assess the effect of concussion education on student-athletes' knowledge of concussion symptoms and likelihood of seeking treatment after a concussion. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Private university. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 249 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics collegiate athletes attending St Xavier University; 160 were surveyed prelegislation and 89 were surveyed postlegislation. Main Outcome Measure(s): Participants completed an anonymous survey that assessed previo...
Performance analysis and benchmarking of all-spin spiking neural networks (Special session paper)

Spiking Neural Network based brain-inspired computing paradigms are becoming increasingly popular tools for various cognitive tasks. The sparse event-driven processing capability enabled by such networks can be potentially appealing for implementation of low-power neural computing platforms. However, the parallel and memory-intensive computations involved in such algorithms is in complete contrast to the sequential fetch, decode, execute cycles of conventional von-Neumann processors. Recent proposals have investigated the design of spintronic “in-memory” crossbar based computing architectures driving “spin neurons” that can potentially alleviate the memory-access bottleneck of CMOS based systems and simultaneously offer the prospect of low-power inner product computations. In this article, we perform a rigorous system-level simulation study of such All-Spin Spiking Neural Networks on a benchmark suite of 6 recognition problems ranging in network complexity from 10k–7.4M synapses and 195–9.2k neurons. System level simulations indicate that the proposed spintronic architecture can potentially achieve ∼1292× energy efficiency and ∼ 235× speedup on average over the benchmark suite in comparison to an optimized CMOS implementation at 45nm technology node.