cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Remotely controlled communication and control system for limited mobility individuals

Design improvements to a remotely controlled system for patients with limited mobility are described. This system provides communication and control of the room environment with mouse control that can be adapted to the functional need of the user. Analysis is provided on the selection and integration of components within the system as well as an overview of the simulated access times for several key components. Transition to an open source Android operating system is discussed for long-term use in the home environment. Prototype configurations for use in the hospital and home environment are introduced.
Voter-centered design: Toward a voter decision support system

Electronic voting support systems should not focus only on ballot casting and recording. Instead, a user-centered perspective should be adopted for the design of a system that supports information gathering, organizing and sharing, deliberation, decision making, and voting. Relevant social science literature on political decision making and voting is used to develop requirements. A design concept is presented that supports extended information browsing using combined filtering from ballot materials and voter profiles. The system supports information sharing and participation in electronic dialogues. Voters may interweave information browsing, annotation, contextualized discussion, and ballot markup over extended time periods.
The Nature of Arousal and Nonverbal Indices

The current monograph asserts that nonverbal behaviors can serve as useful overt indices of experienced arousal. Various conceptualizations of arousal and factors eliciting arousal in communication situations are examined. It is proposed that, from a communication standpoint, indices of arousal and arousal change are best classified along two dimensions of arousal intensity and arousal valence. Diverse bodies of literature on nonverbal concamitants of arousal are reviewed. As a first test of whether separate profiles exist for negatively, as opposed to positively or neutrally, valenced arousal, data are analyzed from a mock-interview experiment in which, following a baseline interview, participants (N=52) were subjected by an interviewer to either increased or decreased involvement. The involvement changes were expected to elevate arousal intensity for all participants and induce positively or negatively valenced arousal in the two respective conditions. Polynomial regressions and z-test comparisons of correlations revealed that 16 composites, comprising a total of 47 nonverbal variables, showed significant associations with changes in arousal.
Structure determination of feline panleukopenia virus empty particles.

Various crystal forms of the single-stranded DNA, feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), a parvovirus, have been grown of both full virions and empty particles. The structure of empty particles crystallized in an orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit cell dimensions a = 380.1 A, b = 379.3 A, and c = 350.9 A, has been determined to 3.3 A resolution. The data were collected using oscillation photography with synchrotron radiation. The orientations of the empty capsids in the unit cell were determined using a self-rotation function and their positions were obtained with an R-factor search using canine parvovirus (CPV) as a model. Phases were then calculated, based on the CPV model, to 6.0 A resolution and gradually extended to 3.3 A resolution by molecular replacement electron density averaging. The resultant electron density was readily interpreted in terms of the known amino acid sequence. The structure is contrasted to that of CPV in terms of host range, neutralization by antibodies, hemagglutination properties, and binding of genomic DNA. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.
TEACHING LEGAL THEORY WITH VENN DIAGRAMS

Venn diagrams, which are widely used in introductory logic courses, provide a convenient and illuminating way of presenting the various theories concerning the nature of law. When combined with the Aristotelian square of opposition, these diagrams show not only how the theories are related to one another, logically, which is essential to understanding them, but also which theories are compossible. One surprising result of this approach is that it shows the substantive compatibility of the theories of law set forth by H. L. A. Hart and Ronald Dworkin, who are usually pitted against one another. I show, through quotation and visual representation, that there is no essential disagreement between these jurisprudential stalwarts concerning the relation of law and morality.
Personal And Work-Related Predictors Of Organizational Commitment And Life Satisfaction Of Slovak Women In Higher Education

Two samples of Slovak women in higher education were surveyed in order to determine the extent to which organizational commitment and life satisfaction are related to personal and work-related attributes. Organizational commitment was found to be related to the work-related attributes of role conflict and role ambiguity. These work-related attributes were not correlated with life satisfaction. A positive relationship was found between Professional Role Orientation and life satisfaction in one of the samples surveyed. Organizational Role Orientation did not correlate significantly with either organizational commitment or life satisfaction. The personal attribute of locus of control did not correlate with life satisfaction but there was a significant correlation between locus of control and organizational commitment in the 1996 Slovak sample. Results are discussed in comparison to findings from similar surveys of U.S. women in higher education and with respect to changes in higher education in post-communist Central and Eastern European countries.
SecureWorld Expo 2005

A report on SecureWorld Expo 2005, held 21 to 22 September 2005 in Dearborn, Michigan. The SecureWorld Expo targets business and IT professionals with security concerns and provides them with an industry-wide agenda to help solve those concerns through a partnership with government agencies.
Attributions About Rape: Effects of Rapist Force, Observer Sex and Sex Role Attitudes

The present study investigated subjects' perceptions of a hypothetical rape situation as a function of the amount of force used in the rape, sex of subject, and subjects' attitudes toward feminism. Two hundred thirty-two subjects (118 females, 114 males) were randomly assigned by sex to one of three force conditions. Consistent with expectation, subjects expressed greater certainty that a rape had actually occurred with increased force on the part of the assailant (p <.001). A second hypothesis received partial support: Increasing force led to stronger attributions of rape on the part of traditional women, whereas liberal women tended to see the incident as rape at all force levels. A similar relationship did not emerge for men, however. As predicted, profeminist subjects implicated societal factors as causal in rape to a greater extent than did nonfeminists. Contrary to prediction, however, pro- and nonfeminists were not found to differ from each other in the degree of blame attributed to either the victim or the assailant. The findings support the general notion that one's gender and sex-role attitudes as well as the degree of force used by a rape assailant affect one's evaluation of this situation and the manner in which one attributes cause. Implications for rape prevention and victim reaction are discussed.
Nuclear factor I isoforms regulate gene expression during the differentiation of human neural progenitors to astrocytes.

Even though astrocytes are critical for both normal brain functions and the development and progression of neuropathological states, including neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases, the mechanisms controlling gene expression during astrocyte differentiation are poorly understood. Thus far, several signaling pathways were shown to regulate astrocyte differentiation, including JAK-STAT, bone morphogenic protein-2/Smads, and Notch. More recently, a family of nuclear factor-1 (NFI-A, -B, -C, and -X) was implicated in the regulation of vertebral neocortex development, with NFI-A and -B controlling the onset of gliogenesis. Here, we developed an in vitro model of differentiation of stem cells towards neural progenitors (NP) and subsequently astrocytes. The transition from stem cells to progenitors was accompanied by an expected change in the expression profile of markers, including Sox-2, Musashi-1, and Oct4. Subsequently, generated astrocytes were characterized by proper morphology, increased glutamate uptake, and marker gene expression. We used this in vitro differentiation model to study the expression and functions of NFIs. Interestingly, stem cells expressed only background levels of NFIs, while differentiation to NP activated the expression of NFI-A. More importantly, NFI-X expression was induced during the later stages of differentiation towards astrocytes. In addition, NFI-X and -C were required for the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and secreted protein acidic and rich in cystein-like protein 1, which are the markers of astrocytes at the later stages of differentiation. We conclude that an expression program of NFIs is executed during the differentiation of astrocytes, with NFI-X and -C controlling the expression of astrocytic markers at late stages of differentiation. Stem Cells 2009;27:1173–1181
Gender-related personality attributes and reaction to success/failure: an examination of mediating variables

The effects of success and failure on task performance, and attributions about performance, were compared for high and low instrumental college women. For the high instrumental group, success facilitated task performance, whereas failure had no debilitating effect; for the low instrumental group, success had no effect on subsequent performance, whereas failure interfered with it. High instrumental women attributed their success primarily to internal factors and their failures to external tactors (the “egotistical” attribution profile), whereas low instrumentar women revealed the opposite profile. The gender-appropriateness of the task had little effect on performance or attribution. Four potential mediators of these differences were investigated: self-esteem, perceived ability, expectancy of success, and attainment value. High-instrumental women's higher perceived ability and performance expectations accounted for their superior task performance, but none of the four mediators accounted for the relationsh...
The preformed stainless steel crown for restoration of permanent posterior teeth in special cases.

Meticulous attention to detail is essential for the maximum success of this restoration. There are problems involving permanent posterior teeth for which the stainless steel crown may provide the most desirable short-term solution. In placing the crown, emphasis should be given to recognition of the wide variation of available crowns, occlusal considerations, the importance of the rubber dam, and the use of a precementation radiograph to confirm margin adaptation of the crown.
MicroRNAs in lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of an array of pathogenic autoantibodies, including high-affinity anti-dsDNA IgG antibodies, which play an important role in disease development and progression. Lupus preferentially affects women during their reproductive years. The pathogenesis of lupus is contributed by both genetic factors and epigenetic modifications that arise from exposure to the environment. Epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and microRNAs (miRNAs), interact with genetic programs to regulate immune responses. Epigenetic modifications influence gene expression and modulate B cell functions, such as class-switch DNA recombination, somatic hypermutation and plasma cell differentiation, thereby informing the antibody response. Epigenetic dysregulation can result in aberrant antibody responses to exogenous antigens or self-antigens, such as chromatin, histones and dsDNA in lupus. miRNAs play key roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of most generegulatory pathways and regulate both the innate and adaptive immune responses. In mice, dysregulation of miRNAs leads to aberrant immune responses and development of systemic autoimmunity. Altered miRNA expression has been reported in human autoimmune diseases, including lupus. The dysregulation of miRNAs in lupus could be the result of multiple environmental factors, such as sex hormones and viral or bacterial infection. Modulation of miRNA is a potential therapeutic strategy for lupus.
Apparent Differential Response of Nuclear Envelope Cytochrome P-450 following Phenobarbital Induction Arising from a Preferential Loss during Gradient Purification

We have investigated the response of rat liver nuclear, nuclear envelope, and microsomal cytochrome P-450 (or P-448) to various treatments. Responses of these subcellular fractions to 3-methylcholanthrene pretreatment were generally similar. In endoplasmic reticulum preparations, we observed an increase in cytochrome P-450 content following phenobarbital pretreatment, which was reduced by subsequent thioacetamide treatment. Nuclear envelope cytochrome P-450 was apparently not modulated by these treatments, although nuclear cytochrome P-450 content was increased by phenobarbital. When endoplasmic reticulum preparations were subjected to treatments paralleling those used in nuclear envelope purification, we found a preferential loss of cytochrome P-450 from phenobarbital-pretreated preparations, with a loss of camphor-binding ability. The data point to potential problems with use of isolated nuclear envelopes as a representative model for nuclear metabolism of carcinogens, including low total recoveries and enrichments, and the potential for selective or differential recovery of cytochrome P-450 populations following various modes of induction or reduction.
Maternal Employment During the Early Postpartum Period: Effects on Initiation and Continuation of Breast-feeding

This study sought to determine whether and to what extent maternal employment in the early post-partum period is associated with the initiation and continuation of breast-feeding in a heterogeneous, urban population. A panel of women were interviewed twice during the first 3 months postpartum. In analyses adjusted for maternal demographic characteristics, there was no association between planning to be employed within the first 6 months postpartum and initiation of breast-feeding. However, actually being employed was significantly associated with cessation of breast-feeding as early as 2 or 3 months postpartum, even after adjustment for maternal demographic variables. Less than one half of mothers who were employed were still breast-feeding at the second postpartum interview, whereas two thirds of those who were not employed were still breast-feeding. Among employed mothers, working no more than 20 hours per week appeared to be protective for continued breast-feeding.
Display of high-frequency tactile information to teleoperators

In this paper we examine the role of high-frequency vibrations in the performance of a task in which subjects had to alternately tap in between two strips without applying excessive forces. We conducted three different experiments. In the first two experiments, subjects performed the task using two different actuated styli: a lightweight stylus and a massive stylus. In the first experiment, subjects performed the task using the lightweight stylus with and without masking (provided by continuous actuation of the solenoid). The number of successful taps decreased by a factor of 6.0 when the subjects used the stylus with masking. In the second experiment the massive stylus was used in two different modes. In one mode the solenoid was not actuated and in the second mode, the display mode, the solenoid produced a burst of vibrations when triggered by an electrical switch that closed when the stylus was in contact with the target strips. The performance of the subjects increased by a factor of 1.6 when they used the stylus with the display. These results indicate that people use high-frequency information during manipulation tasks and that a high-frequency display can be used to convey this information.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Cas9 gets a classmate.

Cpf1 is one of a growing number of class II CRISPR-Cas effectors that expand both our understanding of bacterial immunity and our genome-editing toolset.
Interpretations of Loving in Lawrence, Baker, and Goodridge: On Equal Protection and the Tiers of Scrutiny

This article looks at three cases - Lawrence v. Texas, Goodridge v. Dept. of Health, and Baker v. State - for their interpretations of Loving v. Virginia's implications for equal protection jurisprudence. The article suggests that the analyses offered in Baker and in the Lawrence and Goodridge dissents neither account for the Loving decision itself nor for the jurisprudence as it has developed since then. The article concludes that an examination of same-sex marriage bans in light of contemporary equal protection jurisprudence will yield the conclusion that such bans discriminate on the basis of sex, triggering heightened scrutiny, and that some of the characterizations of Loving and the subsequent jurisprudence offered by commentators and courts wishing to avoid that result would, if adopted, put the equal protection guarantees for all people at risk.
Discovery Audits: Model Rule 3.8(d) and the Prosecutor’s Duty To Disclose

In this Comment, I consider ways to improve prosecutors’ compliance with their ethical obligation under Model Rule of Professional Conduct 3.8(d) to disclose favorable evidence to the defense. I argue that while the Model Rule provides an ideal surface definition, it provides very weak guidance to prosecutors exercising their discovery discretion. I focus on the current vagueness in the Model Rule, specifically, the uncertainty as to what is “favorable,” what is “known to the prosecutor,” and the duty of care that is required.
Administrative Advocacy: Justice in the Lives of Low-Income Families

This Symposium keynote address provides some broad reflections on administrative advocacy and the practice of administrative law in the representation of poor people. First, it sets administrative practice in a long-term historical context of poverty and disenfranchisement in the U.S. in order to understand the critical potential of the administrative forum as a tool for providing basic human needs. Second, it explores what can be learned from successful and unsuccessful efforts to create and carry out forms of representation of poor people within administrative processes. Third, it attempts to raise some questions that might reinvigorate advocates and force us to think outside the box in envisioning administrative advocacy and using administrative fora for redistributive change.
Theca cell tumor

Abstract Electron microscopic study of a theca cell tumor has revealed a morphologic pattern closely resembling that of fibroblastic cells. As under the light microscope, the presence of lipid droplets provided the sole means of distinguishing these cellular categories from one another. The relationship of the ovarian thecoma to the ovarian fibroma is still open to question. The close morphologic resemblance between these cellular categories would certainly render it conceivable that the ovarian "fibroma" may merely reflect fibroblastic transformation of a theca cell tumor. However, it is as yet not possible to deny, on a morphologic basis, the existence of purely fibroblastic tumors of ovarian origin.
Calorie-Protein Deficiencies and the Immune Response of the Chicken.II. Cell-Mediated Immunity

Calorie-protein deficiency affects humoral immunity in the chicken. Secondary responses to sheep-red blood cells, a T-dependent antigen, were lower in birds fed diets two-thirds deficient in calories (C), amino acids (AA), or both (C/AA). These results led us to question what effects might be found in cell-mediated immunity after nutritional deficiency. Birds fed the same diets as in our previous study showed no reduction in total white blood cells, absolute lymphocytes, or absolute heterophils. Splenic lymphocytes from 3- or 7-week-old nutritionally deficient chickens with the exception of the AA group at 7 weeks, produced a nonsignificant increase in graft-versus-host (GvH) response of 12-day-old embryos. Thymic cells from 3-week-old nutritionally deficient birds were not deficient in the GvH potential. Thymic histology revealed reduced cellularity in AA-deficient birds. The reduced cellularity may not have been in response to stress since the mean corticosterone levels were not significantly different. Birds fed the deficient diets for 10 weeks had a significantly reduced delayed hypersensitivity response to human gamma globulin. The results indicate that the chickens' ability to produce a GvH response was not compromised and that T-cell subpopulations may have differential sensitivities to nutritional deficiencies.
229 DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER METASTASIS USING IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION FOR MEMBRANE-TYPE-1 MATRIX METALLOPROTEASE

Currently prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed visceral neoplasm in the male population and the second largest cancer killer of men in the US. While the detection rate of prostate cancer has greatly increased using serum PSA as a screening test, Gleason sum scores and pathologic staging are useful prognostic indicators but cannot accurately predict at the time of biopsy those tumors that will behave aggressively and prove fatal through metastatic dissemination versus those that will remain organ-confined for many years. An important step in metastatic progression of cancer is the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Matrix metalloproteases are a family of zinc-dependent enzymes that degrade the components of the ECM in tumor invasion thereby creating a path for migration of neoplastic cells through the basal lamina and into the surrounding stroma. The membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteases (MT1-MMP), a member of the transmembrane metalloproteases, is found to possess proteolytic activity for ECM proteins including gelatin, fibronectin, K-elastin, vitronectin, collagens and laminin-5 and has been demonstrated to be upregulated in the progression of prostate cancer. In situ hybridization (ISH) techniques have been applied increasingly to localize gene expression at the cytological level. Using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), TOPO cloning, and in vitro synthesis of a unique sequence of MT1-MMP, our aim is to detect its localized expression within prostate cancer sections. Future plans including detecting cadherin and laminin expression patterns on prostate tissue sections.
Immunization Safety Observation of A H1N1 Influenza Vaccine

Objective To investigate safety of influenza A H1N1 vaccinations.Methods The by-reaction being in progress to 3-yearold till the 65-year-old crowd inoculating with the domestic A type H1N1 flu vaccine and inoculating with the seasonal characteristic flu vaccine inoculating with is observed.Results 78972 people H1N1 influenza vaccine inoculation influenza,who have 91 persontime mild local irritation,another six people appear fever,1 person appear allergies.Vaccination response rate for 0.124%.Seasonal flu vaccination 24899 person-time,mild local irritation and person-time,fever 2 person-time,vaccination response rate for 0.112%.conclusion Influenza A H1Nl vaccine vaccinations is an economic and The masses may rest assured vaccination.
A Note on Tisza's Theory of Superconductivity

The equation of F. London connecting the electric field and the current in a superconductor is derived on the basis of Tisza's theory of superconductivity.
Quantum wires by direct laser fabrication

For optoelectronic device applications, quantum wires can be used as active media due to their unique physical properties. However, conventional approaches such as the self-assembly via the Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth technique have a limited success in their applications toward optoelectronic devices including photovoltaics and solar cells. A novel fabrication mechanism for quality quantum wires has been discovered. The laser fabricated nanowires semiconductor surfaces can have width and height as small as 30 and 5 nm, respectively while the density is one per 200 nm.
Vineland in the Mainstream Press: A Reception Study

More than any other Pynchon novel, Vineland was a phenomenal popular success, holding its own on the New York Times Bestseller List for a surprising total of thirteen weeks (January 21–April 15, 1990). Not all book reviewers, however, were as enthusiastic as the book-buying public. A March 1990 letter to the London Review of Books claimed to have spotted a trend, noting the "general critical denunciation of the new book" and calculating the "current ratio" as about "three-to-one against" (Walker). While this negative press may characterize Vineland's reception in Britain (London Times, London Observer, London Review of Books), my informal estimate of the American reviews is three-to-two in favor. Many of this country's major publications gave Vineland positive notices (Time, Newsweek) and, in some important cases, glowing reviews (New York Times Book Review, New Yorker, Los Angeles Times Book Review).
Commentary on: Decrease in Seroma Rate After Adopting Progressive Tension Sutures Without Drains: A Single Surgery Center Experience of 451 Abdominoplasties Over 7 Years

Congratulations to the authors1 on contributing further evidence supporting the use of progressive tension sutures (PTS) in abdominoplasty. Since we initially introduced the concept of advancement and fixation of the abdominal flap to the abdominal wall in abdominoplasty into the literature in 20002 we have been surprised at how slow it has been for, what we believed to be a very empirically logical idea, to disseminate into common use. However, it became clear that simply being “empirically logical” was not adequate and that more clinical data were needed. Over the subsequent years, many contributions to the body of data on progressive tension suture in abdominoplasty have accumulated in the literature. First, we should point out that Baroudi3 independently preceded our paper publishing a hundred cases of “Quilting sutures” in abdominoplasty which is essentially the same concept and gives the same results. Additionally, Mladick,4 in a brief communication, pointed out that his mentor, Nicholas Georgiade, taught a similar technique at Duke and it was included in a chapter of his textbook. This goes to show that good ideas are rarely of one source. Since then, many articles have addressed the progressive tension suture/quilting suture concept from a variety of perspectives. Nahas et al5 used ultrasound to assess volumes of fluid that accumulated when PTS are used. He looked at 21 consecutive abdominoplasties between postoperative day 15 and 18 finding an average fluid volume of 8.2 cc. Only two patients had more than 20 cc (25 and 47 …
Entropic effects on hydrated alkali-metal cations: infrared spectroscopy and ab initio calculations of M+(H2O)(x=2-5) cluster ions for M = Li, Na, K, and Cs.

A delicate balance between competing and cooperating noncovalent interactions determines the three-dimensional structure of hydrated alkali-metal ion clusters. A critical factor influencing the balance reached is the internal energy content (or effective temperature) of the ion cluster. Cold cluster ions (∼50−150 K) have little internal energy, and enthalpic contributions have a greater influence on the relative population of low-lying minima. In clusters whose internal energy distributions correspond to temperatures ∼250−500 K, entropic effects are expected to influence which structural isomers are present, favoring those where free energy has been minimized. Infrared photodissociation spectra of M+(H2O)x=2−5 (∼250−500 K) are reported for M = Li, Na, K, and Cs to explore ion dependencies and entropic effects on the observed three-dimensional structure.
Breed-specific adjustment factors for reproductive traits in Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, and Yorkshire swine.

Number born alive (NBA) and litter weaning weight (LWT) can be influenced by many factors, including environment, parity, age at farrow- ing, lactation length, and genetic merit as well as number of pigs after transfer (NAT) and weaning age (WNAGE) for LWT. The objectives of this study were to estimate adjustment factors for NBA and LWT using all effects in the model and to refine parity effects by including age of the sow in parity 1 (P1) and parity 2 (P2). The models used included fixed effects of contemporary groups and parity/age class, random direct genetic and permanent environment effects, as well as the fixed effects of NAT and WNAGE for LWT. A large effect due to age of the sow at breeding within P1 and P2 was found and new adjustments were found to differ from previous studies. In the Yorkshire population, for example, the average P1 adjustment was 1.0 pig in this study, compared to the current .69; however, this ranges from 1.46 for the youngest P1 females to .57 for the oldest. Similarly, in P2 the average adjustment was found to be .50, with an adjustment of .99 for the youngest P2 and 0 for the oldest. Also, age of dam was found to contribute variation to P1 litter records for LWT. A residual analysis showed nonsignificant differences ( P > .60) across the age classes after using the new adjustments; however, significant differences ( P < .01) remained after using the current adjust- ments.
Prediction of prostate cancer recurrence using quantitative phase imaging: Validation on a general population

Prediction of biochemical recurrence risk of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy is critical for determining whether the patient would benefit from adjuvant treatments. Various nomograms exist today for identifying individuals at higher risk for recurrence; however, an optimistic under-estimation of recurrence risk is a common problem associated with these methods. We previously showed that anisotropy of light scattering measured using quantitative phase imaging, in the stromal layer adjacent to cancerous glands, is predictive of recurrence. That nested-case controlled study consisted of specimens specifically chosen such that the current prognostic methods fail. Here we report on validating the utility of optical anisotropy for prediction of prostate cancer recurrence in a general population of 192 patients, with 17% probability of recurrence. Our results show that our method can identify recurrent cases with 73% sensitivity and 72% specificity, which is comparable to that of CAPRA-S, a current state of the art method, in the same population. However, our results show that optical anisotropy outperforms CAPRA-S for patients with Gleason grades 7–10. In essence, we demonstrate that anisotropy is a better biomarker for identifying high-risk cases, while Gleason grade is better suited for selecting non-recurrence. Therefore, we propose that anisotropy and current techniques be used together to maximize prediction accuracy.
Mappings for accurately reverse engineering UML class models from C

The paper introduces a number of mapping rules for reverse engineering UML class models from C++ source code. The mappings focus on accurately identifying such elements as relationship types, multiplicities, and aggregation semantics. These mappings are based on domain knowledge of the C++ language and common programming conventions and idioms. An application implementing these heuristics is used to reverse engineer a moderately sized open source, C++ application, and the resultant class model is compared against those produced by other UML reverse engineering applications. A comparison shows that these presented mapping rules effectively produce meaningful, semantically accurate UML models
Lateral Field Excited sensor array

Recently, there has been interest in the fabrication of multiple Quartz Crystal Microbalances (QCMs) on a single substrate, to create a sensor array. However, such devices are ultimately subject to the limitations of the QCM configuration, requiring electrodes and wires on the sensing surface of the crystal substrate, resulting in a cumbersome arrangement that is unable to detect electrical property changes. The Lateral Field Excited (LFE) sensor is a novel sensing device that only requires electrodes on the backside of the substrate. With a bare sensing surface, the LFE sensor is a better choice for implementing a sensor array. The purpose of this paper is to report on the fabrication and testing of two independent LFE devices on a single substrate. The individual LFE Elements were shown to respond to both electrical and mechanical property changes. The crosstalk between the LFE Elements was minimal.
Direct Observation of Reversible Transformation of CH3NH3PbI3 and NH4PbI3 Induced by Polar Gaseous Molecules.

Despite its competitive photovoltaic efficiency, the structural transformations of the prototypical hybrid perovskite, methylammonium lead iodide, are facilitated by interactions with polar molecules. Changes in optical and electronic properties upon exposure to ammonia potentially can enable the use of hybrid perovskites in gas-sensing applications. We investigated the effects of ammonia on CH3NH3PbI3 by exposing perovskite films to a wide range of vapor pressures. Spectroscopic analyses indicated that ammonium cations replaced the methylammonium cations in the perovskite crystal, thereby resulting in the formation of NH4PbI3. The transformation of CH3NH3PbI3 to NH4PbI3 caused distinct changes in the morphology of the film and its crystalline structure; however, the introduction of CH3NH2 gas reversed these changes. An in-depth understanding of the reversible chemical and structural alterations resulting from exposure to polar molecules can advance the development of hybrid perovskite sensors and provide...
Development of Islet Organoids from H9 Human Embryonic Stem Cells in Biomimetic 3D Scaffolds

Success in the differentiating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into insulin-secreting β cells raises new hopes for diabetes treatment. In this work, we demonstrated the feasibility of developing islet organoids from hESCs within biomimetic 3D scaffolds. We showed that such a 3D microenvironment is critical to the generation of pancreatic endoderm and endocrine from hESCs. The organoids formed consisted of pancreatic α, β, δ, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells. A high-level co-expression of PDX1, NKX6.1, and NGN3 in these cells suggests the characteristics of pancreatic β cells. More importantly, most insulin-secreting cells generated did not express glucagon, somatostatin, or PP. The expression of mature β cell marker genes such as Pdx1, Ngn3, Insulin, MafA, and Glut2 was detected in these 3D-induced cell clusters. A high-level expression of C-peptide confirmed the de novo endogenous insulin production in these 3D induced cells. Insulin-secretory granules, an indication of β cell maturity, were detected in these cells as well. Glucose challenging experiments suggested that these cells are sensitive to glucose levels due to their elevated maturity. Exposing the cells to a high concentration of glucose induced a sharp increase in insulin secretion.
Prednisolone reduced the progression of early rheumatoid arthritis

Source Citation Kirwan JR and the Arthritis and Rheumatism Council Low-Dose Glucocorticoid Study Group. The effect of glucocorticoids on joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Engl J Med. 1995 ...
Predictors of a Successful Urology Resident Using Medical Student Application Materials.

Objective To evaluate features from the medical student application record that predict for a high-quality urology resident because there are currently sparse data on factors that are associated with a successful urology residency. Materials and Methods We reviewed the Mayo Clinic experience with 53 urology residents who matriculated between 2000 and 2011. Residents were independently scored 1-10 based on overall quality by the Program Director and Associate Program Director. Discrepant scoring by >2 was resolved by the former Program Director. Associations of features from the medical student application with an excellent score (defined as 8-10) were evaluated with logistic regression. Results Discrepant scoring >2 was noted in only 3 residents (6%). Among the 53 residents, the mean overall score was 6.2 (standard deviation 3.0, range 1-10) and 20 residents (38%) had an excellent score of 8-10. Univariably, higher United States Medical Licensing Examination step II score ( P = .011), election to Alpha Omega Alpha ( P = .017), no negative interview comments ( P = .044), lower ranked medical school ( P = .015), honors in obstetrics and gynecology clerkship ( P = .044), and honors in all core clinical clerkships ( P = .007) were significantly associated with an excellent score. In a multivariable model, no negative interview comments ( P = .018), lower ranked medical school ( P = .012), and honors in all core clinical clerkships ( P = .006) were independently associated with an excellent score; the c-index for this model was 0.91. Conclusion We demonstrate features associated with an excellent urology resident, most notably an honors grade in all core clinical clerkships.
The management of radiation-induced brain injury.

Neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) are a pathologically diverse group of benign and malignant tumors for which a variety of management strategies, including observation, surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy, are employed. Shown in Table 1 are the usual radiation doses used to treat primary and metastatic brain and spinal cord tumors, which span a broad range of total doses and doses per fraction. Regardless of the type of CNS tumor treated, what usually limits the dose of radiation that can be utilized, and therefore what typically determines the local control and cure rate of that tumor, are the tolerance doses of the adjacent or underlying normal tissues in and around the CNS. This chapter will outline the biologic and clinical principles of CNS radiation tolerance and the management of radiation-induced CNS injury.
Flash flooding as a threat to settlements even in remote areas

Desert environments are subject to flash floods in wadi floors, which may occur only once every decade or two in a given wadi (dry channels or valleys, except during rains). In areas of rapid growt...
Charge transfer between He+ and N2

Abstract Emission of several bands of the second negative system of N2+ has been observed in mixtures of N2 with afterglowing He. The emission follows charge transfer between He+ and N2; the relevant rate coefficient is estimated to be about (1 − 0.05) × 10−9 cm3 sec−1 at thermal energy. It is predicted that the radiative sequence is a source of an U.V. airglow in the region of the maximum of the He+ layer in the upper atmosphere. A conservative estimate of the airglow emission rate of the (3, 9) band of the second negative system of N2+ is calculated to be about 5 R.
On retractable sets and the fixed point property

Call a subsetA of an ordered setP retractable tob e P↠ iff the map that mapsA tob and leaves all other points fixed is a retraction. We prove fixed point theorems for sets that contain a retractable set and also use this tool to study the fixed point property for products. The results in this paper show that three classical approaches to the fixed point property: irreducible points, cutsets and lexicographic sums can be viewed as special cases of the situation described above.
The Moral Assessment of Technology

Modern technology is the unacknowledged ruler of the advanced industrial democracies. Its rule is not absolute. It rests on the complicity of its subjects, the citizens of the democracies. Emancipation from this complicity requires first of all an explicit and shared consideration of the rule of technology.
NLP Techniques in Intelligent Tutoring Systems

Many Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) aim to help students become better readers. The computational challenges involved are (1) to assess the students’ natural language inputs and (2) to provide appropriate feedback and guide students through the ITS curriculum. To overcome both challenges, the following non-structural Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have been explored and the first two are already in use: word-matching (WM), latent semantic analysis (LSA, Landauer, Foltz, & Laham, 1998), and topic models (TM, Griffiths & Steyvers, 2007). This article describes these NLP techniques, the iSTART (Strategy Trainer for Active Reading and Thinking, McNamara, Levinstein, & Boonthum, 2004) intelligent tutor and the related Reading Strategies Assessment Tool (R-SAT, Magliano et al., 2006), and how these NLP techniques can be used in assessing students’ input in iSTART and R-SAT. This article also discusses other related NLP techniques which are used in other applications and may be of use in the assessment tools or intelligent tutoring systems.
Free Boundary Problems in Asset Pricing with Transaction Costs

This presentation provides an overview of a class of free boundary problems that arise in valuation models in markets with transaction costs. Transaction costs are a realistic feature in numerous financial transactions and their presence affects considerably the theoretical asset and derivative prices.
Molecular and detailed isotopic structures of petroleum: Kinetic Monte Carlo analysis of alkane cracking

Abstract The compositional and bulk isotopic signatures of hydrocarbon compounds are routinely characterized to constrain the origin of oils and natural gases in sedimentary basins. Recent developments in clumped isotope geochemistry have given rise to a suite of measurements that provide new information on the thermal history of low molecular weight hydrocarbon gases. However, to date no study has linked these compositional, bulk and clumped isotope constraints to any mechanistic understanding of how these signatures develop and evolve. In this study, we developed a kinetic Monte Carlo method to predict consistent and simultaneous molecular distributions, bulk isotopic content, and detailed (multiply substituted and site-specific) isotopic structures of hydrocarbons from a cracking model. The detailed isotopic structure of the source (initially modeled as long alkanes), the intermediates, and the product molecules is followed as a function of the level of conversion due to cracking reactions. The bulk 13C content of gaseous alkane products generated via the model is shown to follow the linear natural gas plot at low conversion, but to deviate at high conversions. As examples of the information generated, the populations of center vs. terminal 13C-substituted propane are reported as a function of the starting alkane chain length and conversion and the population of doubly-13C-substituted ethane is described as a function of conversion and for different 13C substitution patterns in the source. The results are compared to experiment where possible and highlight the possibility of constraining hydrocarbon source isotopic structure and the nature of the generation processes leading to the formation of natural hydrocarbon deposits.
The Future of EPSCoR

This chapter describes evolving political support for EPSCoR. It also provides a synthesis of the analyses and a discussion of the implications for the future of EPSCoR and similar efforts to address the concentration of federal funding for academic research. Based on the empirical evidence, the book calls for a shift in EPSCoR strategy from research collaboration and infrastructure improvement to innovating and improving institutional environment that helps recruitment, retention, and motivation of S&E research talents.
Incorporating Singular Value Decomposition in User-based Collaborative Filtering Technique for a Movie Recommendation System: A Comparative Study

User-based collaborative filtering (UCF) technique is typically used to build a recommendation system (RS). A wide variety of techniques, such as matrix factorization, cosine similarity and Pearson correlation, have been proposed to improve the performance of the UCF algorithm in order to build more intelligent RSs. In this paper, we first describe the traditional UCF algorithm as the baseline; then we apply various techniques including singular value decomposition (SVD), cosine similarity, and Pearson correlation to examine and compare the performance of a small- scale movie RS. Our preliminary experimental results show that the UCF which used SVD and Pearson correlation performs better than a traditional UCF.
70 Year Old Asian Male with Multiple, Erythematous Lesions that Have Decreased Sensation

A 70 year old Asian male presents with multiple rashes. He had recently traveled to the India countryside.
Impact of viral symptoms on the performance of the modified centor score to predict pediatric group A streptococcal pharyngitis.

Abstract Background Clinicians use the Modified Centor Score (MCS) to estimate the risk of group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis in children with sore throat. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recommends neither testing nor treating patients with specific viral symptoms. The goal of this study is to measure the impact of those symptoms on the yield of GAS testing predicted by the MCS. Methods Retrospective cohort study of all patients aged 3–21 years presenting with sore throat and tested for GAS in a pediatric emergency department (ED) in 2016. After identifying all patients tested for GAS, we used natural language processing (NLP) to identify the subgroup complaining of sore throat. We abstracted all MCS variables as well as symptoms suggestive of a viral etiology per the IDSA guideline (conjunctivitis, coryza, cough, diarrhea, hoarseness, ulcerative oral lesions, viral exanthema). We calculated the proportion of patients who tested positive for GAS by MCS with and without viral symptoms. Results Of the 1574 patients included, 372 patients (24%) tested GAS positive. Patients with at least one viral symptom had a reduced GAS risk compared to those without any of the viral symptoms 91/547 (17% GAS positive) vs. 281/1027 (27%), odds ratio 0.53 (95% CI 0.41–0.69). Conclusions The presence of viral symptoms specified by the IDSA alters the predicted yield of testing by traditional MCS. Clinicians may consider adjusting interpretation of a patient′s MCS based on the presence of viral symptoms, but viral symptoms may not always fully obviate the need for GAS testing.
Thermal, electrical, and cost study of advanced optical photovoltaic thermal system (ADOPTS)

Abstract In this paper, the Advanced Optical Photovoltaic Thermal System (ADOPTS) solar collector was thoroughly tested and analyzed in performance and cost analysis. The ADOPTS collector integrates optics within the PV/T device to enable geometric concentration, as well as a protection of the solar cells from the elements using the same encapsulation. The rooftop or facade mounted photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector provides a low cost, two-in-one solution for residential/commercial hot water and electricity needs, while also providing a renewable energy option to reduce annual greenhouse gas emissions. The ADOPTS collector can provide 150 Wel/m2 and 400 Wth/m2, and prevent a total of 3916 kg of CO2/m2 (or 4.3 tons CO2/m2) over a 20-year period. The collector provides a low cost option that delivers both heat and electricity for single or multifamily homes and commercial buildings to compete with current commercialized PV and thermal systems, while simultaneously preventing CO2 emissions and reducing the need for natural gas.