cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Examination of the Challenges Daughters Face in Family Business Succession

The literature on daughter successors of family-owned businesses suggests that they face many challenges. The purpose of this article is to determine the extent to which daughters face these challenges and discover new areas for study. Qualitative data were gathered via interviews with 10 female family business owners. Respondents encountered employee rivalry, experienced work-life balance difficulties, and never assumed they would one day be the successor. Although participants reported few problems with their fathers upon succession, many experienced difficulties succeeding their mothers. An interesting finding was the daughter's likelihood of being compared with her mother's managerial style. Future research directions are offered.
Enabling fine-grained permissions for augmented reality applications with recognizers

Augmented reality (AR) applications sense the environment, then render virtual objects on human senses. Examples include smartphone applications that annotate storefronts with reviews and XBox Kinect games that show "avatars" mimicking human movements. No current OS has special support for such applications. As a result, permissions for AR applications are necessarily coarse-grained: applications must ask for access to raw sensor feeds, such as video and audio. These raw feeds expose significant additional information beyond what applications need, including sensitive information such as the user's location, face, or surroundings. Instead of exposing raw sensor data to applications directly, we introduce a new OS abstraction: the recognizer. A recognizer takes raw sensor data as input and exposes higher-level objects, such as a skeleton or a face, to applications. We propose a fine-grained permission system where applications request permissions at the granularity of recognizer objects. We analyze 87 shipping AR applications and find that a set of four core recognizers covers almost all current apps. We also introduce privacy goggles, a visualization of sensitive data exposed to an application. Surveys of 962 people establish a clear "privacy ordering" over recognizers and demonstrate that privacy goggles are effective at communicating application capabilities. We build a prototype on Windows that exposes nine recognizers to applications, including the Kinect skeleton tracker. Our prototype incurs negligible overhead for single applications, while improving performance of concurrent applications and enabling secure offloading of heavyweight recognizer computation.
Synchronization and communication using semiconductor lasers with optoelectronic feedback

Semiconductor lasers provide an excellent opportunity for communication using chaotic waveforms. We discuss the characteristics and the synchronization of two semiconductor lasers with optoelectronic feedback. The systems exhibit broadband chaotic intensity oscillations whose dynamical dimension generally increases with the time delay in the feedback loop. We explore the robustness of this synchronization with parameter mismatch in the lasers, with mismatch in the optoelectronic feedback delay, and with the strength of the coupling between the systems. Synchronization is robust to mismatches between the intrinsic parameters of the lasers, but it is sensitive to mismatches of the time delay in the transmitter and receiver feedback loops. An open-loop receiver configuration is suggested, eliminating feedback delay mismatch issues. Communication strategies for arbitrary amplitude of modulation onto the chaotic signals are discussed, and the bit-error rate for one such scheme is evaluated as a function of noise in the optical channel.
Multi-clock domain analysis and modeling of all-digital frequency synthesizers

All-digital phase-locked loops (ADPLLs) are inherently multi-rate systems with time-varying behavior. In support to this statement accurate multi-clock domain models of ADPLL frequency synthesizers are presented. Their analytically derived phase transfer characteristics accurately predict second order effects (such as spectral aliasing) that are not captured using conventional modeling approaches. The results are validated through simulations using well accepted time-domain modeling techniques of an RF ADPLL.
Metastatic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma to the brain

Metastases represent the most common tumors of the central nervous system, with clear cell renal cell carcinomas showing a particular predilection to involve the brain. This report documents an unusual case of a patient with a chromophobe renal cell carcinoma presenting with a brain metastasis. A 58-year-old man presented with stroke-like symptomatology, including expressive aphasia, right side facial weakness, headaches and vomiting. CT imaging demonstrated a 4.7 cm left frontal lobe hemorrhagic mass. He underwent surgery with excision of the mass, which was marked by sheets of large cells with lightly eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm. PAX8 staining was positive and a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of probably renal origin was rendered. Subsequently, CT imaging of the abdomen revealed a 12.9 cm left renal mass. The patient underwent a left nephrectomy and a diagnosis of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma was made. The tumor was noted to extend into the perirenal fat and to have involved a paraaortic lymph node. Re-review of the frontal lobe lesion confirmed the tumor was the same. Chromophobe renal cell carcinomas are far less common than clear cell tumors, are less likely to metastasize, and generally have a more favorable overall prognosis. When they metastasize, they most commonly involve the liver, lung and lymph nodes, in contrast to the more common clear cell carcinomas that typically spread to the lungs, bone and brain.
Gustatory deafferentation and desalivation: effects on NaCl preference of Fischer 344 rats

The chorda tympani nerve (CT) appears to be particularly responsive to NaCl stimulation of the tongue. However, in most strains of rat, bilateral transection of the CT (CTX) results in little alteration of salt preference. The Fischer 344 (F344) strain of rat is unusual in its lack of preference for any concentration of salt. We recently reported a dramatic change from aversion to preference for salt in F344 rats after CTX. The present studies further explored this alteration in salt preference of F344 rats with an expanded range of NaCl concentrations. Additionally, the specificity of the CT in mediating F344 salt aversion was examined by testing NaCl preference after glossopharyngeal nerve (GL) transections, combined CT and GL deafferentation, and partial desalivation. Comparison with Wistar rats revealed that salt preference of F344 CTX rats followed a typical preference/aversion pattern across a range of NaCl concentrations. Studies of GL section, either alone or combined with CT sectioning, indicated that F344 rats' aversion was dependent on the integrity of the CT and not the GL. Removal of sublingual and submaxillary salivary glands did not lead to preference changes similar to those after CTX, indicating that the effects of CTX are not secondary to desalivation. Overall, the findings point to signals from the CT as playing a primary role in the NaCl aversion displayed by the intact F344 rat.
A randomized phase I and II study of short-term infusion of high-dose fluorouracil with or without N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced pancreatic and colorectal cancers.

Fifty-two patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies who had not received previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy were randomized to be treated either with 24-hour infusion of weekly fluorouracil (5-FU) or the same plus N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA). Forty-seven patients were evaluable for the assessment of toxicity and antitumor activity. PALA was administered as an intravenous (IV) bolus over 15 minutes at a fixed dose, 250 mg/m2. The latter agent was administered 24 hours before the start of 5-FU infusion. 5-FU was initially administered at 750 mg/m2 and was incrementally increased to 3,400 mg/m2. In both arms of the randomized study, the courses were repeated every week. In both arms of the study, ataxia and myelosuppression were the dose-limiting toxic effects. At 5-FU dose of 3,400 mg/m2, one patient in each arm developed grade 3 hematologic toxicity. Other reversible side effects included grade 2 skin changes, nausea, and vomiting. During the administration of 2,600 mg...
Almost Pro-Bono: Judicial Appointments of Attorneys in Juvenile and Child Dependency Actions

The attorney's obligation to provide pro bono service is part of the regulatory language of every state's professional regulation. Most states have adopted some version of the American Bar Association's Model Rule of Professional Conduct 6.1. The language is hortatory, directing but not mandating that attorneys provide free or reduced-cost service to persons of limited means. The title emphasizes that pro bono services are voluntary, and the operative word throughout is should, not shall. The use of this language nd the notes accompanying the rule confirm that the rule is not meant to be a basis for discipline. Likewise the oath taken by attorneys in many states includes the affirmation to never reject, from any consideration personal to myself, the cause of the defenseless or oppressed. If a court appoints an attorney to provide this representation, aspirational goal becomes enforceable obligation. Thus, Model Rule 6.2 on appointed representation is written in mandatory terms and provides that attorneys shall not seek to avoid appointment unless good cause exists for excuse. Indeed, the rule's language (seek to avoid) suggests that even maneuvers short of outright refusal - such as artificial conflicts of interest or efforts to remove one's name from appointments lists - could violate the rule as well. Technically the state disciplinary authority could sanction attorneys for violating this rule. As a practical matter, however, trial courts enforce the duty to accept an appointments through contempt actions rather than referral for discipline. This article will explore how one legal community has implemented this mandatory obligation to accept appointed representation. Many fine articles have explored the history of the obligation to provide appointed representation or the constitutional limits of that obligation. I will do no more than cite to the former and state the conclusions of the latter. Likewise, this article will not address the representation of indigent criminal defendants and the myriad issues peculiar to that field. Rather, the focus of this article is on the practice of appointing private attorneys to represent indigent clients in civil cases, particularly family court cases. The article first will review the range of cases in which the right to an attorney exists. It will then describe the models for providing these attorneys. Finally, the article will evaluate the constitutional, practical and political implications of an inclusive appointment and buy-out system.
Short Wave Infrared Wavelength (SWIR) Applications in Industrial Optics: Drivers and Challenges

Entrepreuners in the optics industry generally need to focus their talent, capital and mindshare on specific technologies and products. In many cases, this is driven by the choice of wavelengths that the business would need to focus on. This talk discusses drivers, challenges and case studies for SWIR applications in various industrial arenas.
Engaging the Everyday: Environmental Social Criticism and the Resonance Dilemma

In Engaging the Everyday, John Meyer seeks to engage with what he believes to be a fundamental problem in contemporary environmental politics: the resonance dilemma. He argues that though concerns ...
High-Dose Adjuvant Chemotherapy for High-Risk Breast Cancer

As has been noted in the previous papers on individual clinical trials and the latest overview update [1] (reprinted in part in this volume), systemic adjuvant therapy has resulted in a significant and long-lasting reduction in mortality due to early breast cancer. However, it is also apparent from these analyses that many patients develop metastatic disease and die of breast cancer despite having received standard adjuvant therapeutic regimens. In order to achieve further improvement in survival with systemic adjuvant therapy, several hurdles must be surmounted, including (a) enhanced ability to identify patients who are unlikely to respond to current treatments and (b) development of more effective therapies. This paper focuses on the latter issue and specifically the use of high-dose cytotoxic chemotherapy as an approach to improving systemic adjuvant therapy.
Voltage Dependent Plasticity in Mercury Cadmium Telluride

The effect of an applied, time varying voltage on the plastic behavior of (Hg,Cd)Te has been investigated. We observe that both positive and negative voltages suppress plasticity, with the negative voltage being more effective. The influence of this voltage polarity is strain dependent and provides information on the charge of the mobile dislocations. From these results we present a model of the strain dependence of the voltage dependent plasticity.
Charge Transport through Organic Molecular Wires Embedded in Ultrathin Insulating Inorganic Layer

Dense phase silica layers with thickness of a few nanometers featuring embedded organic molecular wires of type p-oligo(phenylenevinylene) are shown by visible light sensitized electrochemical measurements to transport charges across the insulating membrane. We find that such hybrid materials combination allows electronic charge transport only through the wires, while blocking molecular transport. Embodiment of the wire molecules in the silica was accomplished by atomic layer deposition under mild temperature conditions. Grown on Co oxide films for water oxidation, with the wire molecules covalently anchored on the oxide surface, the layer functions as a proton conducting separation membrane. Characterization by XPS, FT-IR and STEM/EDX confirms the integrity of the silica-encapsulated organic wires. Cyclic voltammetry with redox couple of selected potential relative to the energy levels of the wire molecules shows that the membrane is free of pinholes. The new type of membrane allows separation of incompa...
Nested Machine Learning Facilitates Increased Sequence Content for Large-Scale Automated High Resolution Melt Genotyping

High Resolution Melt (HRM) is a versatile and rapid post-PCR DNA analysis technique primarily used to differentiate sequence variants among only a few short amplicons. We recently developed a one-vs-one support vector machine algorithm (OVO SVM) that enables the use of HRM for identifying numerous short amplicon sequences automatically and reliably. Herein, we set out to maximize the discriminating power of HRM + SVM for a single genetic locus by testing longer amplicons harboring significantly more sequence information. Using universal primers that amplify the hypervariable bacterial 16 S rRNA gene as a model system, we found that long amplicons yield more complex HRM curve shapes. We developed a novel nested OVO SVM approach to take advantage of this feature and achieved 100% accuracy in the identification of 37 clinically relevant bacteria in Leave-One-Out-Cross-Validation. A subset of organisms were independently tested. Those from pure culture were identified with high accuracy, while those tested directly from clinical blood bottles displayed more technical variability and reduced accuracy. Our findings demonstrate that long sequences can be accurately and automatically profiled by HRM with a novel nested SVM approach and suggest that clinical sample testing is feasible with further optimization.
On the Reasons of the Love Tragedy,Biography of Yingying

The reasons for the tragedy,Biography of Yingying,has always been controversial.More discussion has been focused on social factors while ignored the characteristics of the characters themselves.This article is based on the text itself,discussing the ideology and character of the main characters in the context of the whole Chinese cultural background Through this research,the article concluded that it is not only the tragedy of the times,but also the tragedy of character.
Survey on the AIDS-related high risk behaviors and associated factors of men who have sex with men in Huainan city

Objective To investigate AIDS related high risk behaviors among men who have sex with men(MSM) and provide evidence for policy development in Huainan.Methods A total of 279 participants were recruited by using "snowballing" sampling in Huainan city.Structured-questionnaire was used to collect the demographic data,knowledge about HIV/AIDS,sexual behavioral information,condom use and situation about reception of HIV prevention services.Univariate and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was applied in this study.Results Most of the MSM were young,the mean age of these participants was 28.40 years.Among them,78.14% were unmarried,and 68.46% had an education beyond senior middle school.89.90% were aware of AIDS-related knowledge.In the past six months,of 275 respondents,100% MSM had homosexual anal sex,7.72% had commercial homosexual sex,31.05% had sex with female.Among the subjects,62.36% has unprotected anal intercourse with non-commercial male sex partners,38.10% had unprotected intercourse with commercial male sex partners,83.53% had unprotected sex with female partners in the past six months.In multiple logistic regression model,being recruited from county,the number of male-to-male anal sex 1,having had heterosexual sex,having had STD history,having had adequate HIV/AIDS knowledge,having had an HIV test were significantly associated with the condom continual use in homosexual anal sex in the past six months.Conclusion High risk behaviors were prevalent in MSM population in Huainan,and targeted interventions are necessary to prevent HIV spread in MSM.Continuing efforts to improve the coverage of HIV testing and strength the peer education should be maintained in the future preventing program for MSM.
Insulin Use in Pregnancy: An Update

IN BRIEF Insulin remains the standard of care for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and uncontrolled gestational diabetes. Tight control maintained in the first trimester and throughout pregnancy plays a vital role in decreasing poor fetal outcomes, including structural anomalies, macrosomia, hypoglycemia of the newborn, adolescent and adult obesity, and diabetes. Understanding new insulin formulations and strengths is important in assessing risks, since no data on their use in human pregnancy exist.
The Muslim Brotherhood: evolution of an Islamist Movement, by Carrie R. Wickham

Carrie R. Wickham’s book The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement offers an in-depth analysis of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood [MB] since the group was formed in 1928. The book t...
The role of cytochrome P-450 in N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene.

The role of cytochrome P-450 mixed-function oxidases in the N-oxidation of 2-acetylaminofluorene has been studied. N-Hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene in liver microsomes from mice or hamsters was inhibited by a carbon monoxide-oxygen (90:10) atmosphere. Prior treatment of mice with cobaltous chloride for 3 days decreased both the amount of cytochrome P-450 and the rate of N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene in liver microsomes by 55-60%. Immune serum and partially purified immunne γ-globulin against microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase markedly inhibited both the N-hydroxylation of 2-acetylaminofluorene and N-demethylation of ethylmorphine in liver microsomes from hamsters. These results indicate that N-acetylarylamines can be N-oxidized by a cytochrome P-450-dependent mixed-function oxidase in liver microsomes.
Switch-Level Timing Simulation

Let Ω(N,M,Σ) be a partitioned MOS network in which the set of blocks Σ has been further partitioned into its strongly-connected components (SCC) Σ 1 ,Σ 2 ,…, Σ μ . Let ORD denote the ordering in which the SCCs have been scheduled for processing as described in Section 3.4. If an SCC is simple, i.e., it consists of exactly one block with no internal feedback, then it is simulated at the switch level by algorithms described in this chapter. By simulating or processing a block, we mean, obtaining the digital waveforms at the output(s) of the block given those at the inputs to the block over the entire time-interval of interest. In case the SCC is not simple, a special event-driven windowing technique, to be described in Chapter 5, is used to simulate the various blocks within the SCC. This special technique partitions the entire time-interval into several windows and uses the algorithms described in this chapter to simulate only the active blocks within each window.
Hyperandrogenism Accompanies Increased Intra-Abdominal Fat Storage in Normal Weight Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women.

Context: Normal weight polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women may have altered adipose structure-function underlying metabolic dysfunction. Objective: This study examines whether adipose structure-functional changes exist in normal weight PCOS women and correlate with hyperandrogenism and/or hyperinsulinemia. Design: This is a prospective cohort study. Setting: The setting was an academic medical center. Patients: Six normal weight PCOS women and 14 age- and body mass index-matched normoandrogenic ovulatory (NL) women were included. Intervention(s): All women underwent circulating hormone and metabolic measurements; frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance testing; total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; abdominal magnetic resonance imaging; and SC abdominal fat biopsy. Main Outcome Measure(s): Circulating hormones and metabolites, body fat and its distribution, and adipocyte size were compared between PCOS and NL women, and were correlated with each other in all women. Results: Circulating L...
Use of Sexually Explicit Films in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Programs

Sexual Attitude Reassessment (SAR) seminars, popular in the 1970s for use in progressive spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation programs, have lost favor. The practice, however, of using only one sexually explicit film (SEF) as the primary method of providing sexuality education has taken its place. The use of SEFs is a sensitive teaching issue. Used “properly,” a SEF may facilitate a more receptive attitude toward sexuality and SCI. Used inappropriately, a SEF may result in adverse reactions. This paper reviews the theoretical rationale for using SEFs, the traditional use of SEFs in SARs that focus on attitudes and values, and empirical studies of the use of SEF. Recommendation is made for a paradigm shift from a general focus on changing attitudes and values to a more targeted focus on improving judgments of self-efficacy when using one SEF. Theoretical support is given based on observational learning and social cognitive theory.
Pott's disease: a major issue for an unaccompanied refugee minor.

The incidence of TB in children in Germany has been on a rise since 2008, especially among foreign-born individuals. With rapidly increasing numbers of refugees from the numerous areas of conflict, this increase in incidence is not expected to halt, neither in Germany nor in Europe in general. We report a case of insufficient tracking in a 16-year-old unaccompanied refugee minor from Somalia who had a positive interferon γ release assay on arrival in Germany. No actions were undertaken, until 6 months later, an X-ray showed prominent hilar enlargement. Nine months later, the patient presented to our hospital with abdominal pain, vomiting and B symptoms. Workup revealed a paravertebral abscess due to Pott's disease, a skeletal manifestation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease. The patient made a full recovery after a combination therapy for a total of 9 months.
Understanding the Spatial Characteristics of DRAM Errors in HPC Clusters

Understanding DRAM errors in high-performance computing (HPC) clusters is paramount to address future HPC resilience challenges. While there have been studies on this topic, previous work has focused on on-node and single-rack characteristics of errors; conversely, few studies have presented insights into the spatial behavior of DRAM errors across an entire cluster. Understanding spatial peculiarities of DRAM errors through an entire cluster is crucial for cluster temperature management, job allocation, and failure prediction. In this paper, we study the spatial nature of DRAM errors on data gathered in a large production HPC cluster. Our analysis shows that nodes with high degree of errors are grouped in spatial regions for time periods, suggesting that these "susceptible" regions are collectively more vulnerable to errors than other regions. We then use our observations to build a predictor, which identifies such regions given prior neighboring regions patterns.
Clustering of Emerging Magnetic Flux

Observations show that newly emerging flux tends to appear on the solar surface at sites where there is flux already; this results in clustering of solar activity. Standard dynamo theories do not predict this effect, and the mean field estimated by the theories is too weak to emerge at the surface of the Sun at all. Here a solution of the problem is suggested that involves strong fluctuating fields generated by the dynamo. The magnetic field emerges at the solar surface when the total field (the mean field plus fluctuations) exceeds the threshold for buoyancy. A slowly changing enhancement of the mean field provides a long-living basis ('hump') for emergence of fluctuating fields. The enhancements are gradually destroyed by the solar differential rotation, the stretching time scale of which defines the lifetime of clusters of activity. A simple 2-dimensional model explaining the appearance of persistent clusters of emerging flux is presented.
A multi-decade joinpoint analysis of firearm injury severity.

Background Non-fatal firearm injuries constitute approximately 70% of all firearm trauma injuries in the United States. Patterns of severity of these injuries are poorly understood. We analyzed the overall, age-, sex- and intent-specific temporal trends in the injury severity of firearm hospitalizations from 1993 to 2014. Methods We assessed temporal trends in the severity of patients hospitalized for firearm using Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data over a 22 year period. Firearm hospitalization was identified using assault (E965x), unintentional (E922x), intentional self-harm (E955x), legal (E970) and undetermined (E985x) International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD9) codes. Injury severity was measured using the computed New Injury Severity Score (NISS). We used survey weighted means, SD and annual percent change (APC), and joinpoint regression to analyze temporal trends. Results A weighted total of 648 662 inpatient admissions for firearm injury were analyzed. Firearm injury severity demonstrated a significant annual increase of 1.4% (95% CI=1.3 to 1.6), and was driven by annual increases among young adults (APC=1.4%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.5), older adults (APC=1.5%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.6), female (APC=1.5%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.6) and male (APC=1.4%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.6) hospitalizations. The annual increase among assault/legal injuries was 1.4% (95% CI=1.3 to 1.5), similar to unintentional (APC=1.4%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.6), intentional self-harm (APC=1.5%, 95% CI=1.4 to 1.6) and undetermined (APC=1.4%, 95% CI=1.3 to 1.6). Conclusions The severity of hospitalized firearm injuries increased significantly from 1993 to 2014. This annual increase reflects a move towards hospitalization of more serious injuries, and outpatient management of less serious injuries across the board, suggesting a mounting burden on the US healthcare system. Level of evidence Level IV.
From Dental to Mental Institutions: Elmer McKesson's Secondary Saturation with Nitrous Oxide.

Abstract As popularized by Elmer McKesson, MD, “secondary saturation” with nitrous oxide could expose patients to a second burst of 100% laughing gas to relax their muscles to assist surgeons. On rare occasions, this technique could provide a second opportunity for hypoxic brain damage and possible admission postoperatively to insane asylums.
Evaluation of an interprofessional education program for advanced practice nursing and dental students: The oral-systemic health connection.

Abstract Background In response to the growing body of evidence supporting the need for expanded interprofessional education among health professions, an interprofessional education program, based on the Interprofessional Education Collaborative Core Competencies, was piloted with nurse practitioner and dental students. Objectives The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate a technology enhanced interprofessional education program focused on the oral-systemic health connection for nurse practitioner and dental students. Design A two-group comparative study using cross-sectional data and a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test/post-test design were used to evaluate students' knowledge of IPE core competencies, attitudes toward interprofessional education and interdisciplinary teamwork, and self-efficacy in functioning as a member of an interdisciplinary team. Setting and participants This program was implemented with master of science in nursing students pursuing a primary care nurse practitioner (NP) degree and dental students at a large urban academic health sciences center. Cohort 1 (N = 75) consisted of NP (n = 34) and dental students (n = 41) at the end of their degree program who participated in a one-time survey. Cohort 2 (N = 116) was comprised of second-year NP students (n = 22) and first-year dental students (n = 94) who participated in the IPE program. Methods Students participated in a multi-faceted educational program consisting of technology- enhanced delivery as well as interactive exercises in the joint health assessment course. Data were collected prior to the initiation and at the conclusion of the program. Results Nurse practitioner and dental students who participated in the program had better self-efficacy in functioning as a member of an interdisciplinary team than graduating students who did not participate. Students from both nursing and dentistry who participated in the program had significantly improved self-efficacy in functioning in interprofessional teams from pre- to post-test. Conclusion An interprofessional education program can be a valuable addition to the health professions curriculum of nurse practitioner and dental students. Care must be taken to address logistical issues when working with students in different academic programs.
Color Doppler Ultrasound in the Assessment of Benign and Malignant Neoplasms of the Female Pelvis

Ultrasound (US) is a well-established modality for evaluating the female pelvis. Advances in US technology such as the advent of endovaginal US (EVS) and, recently, EVS coupled with color flow and power color Doppler have increased the diagnostic accuracy of US in determining the nature and etiology of uterine, adnexal, and ovarian masses. Close proximity of the pelvic organs to the transducer and the use of higher frequency transducers (5-7.5 MHz) allow better image resolution.
Kontingenzerfahrung in der europäischen Politik. Die Europäische Union als politisches System ‚asui generis‘

In der institutionellen Politik des vereinigten Europas zeichnen sich von Anbeginn an die Erwartungen der politischen Akteure und des politischen Publikums ab. Unterschiedlichste Perspektiven auf den politischen Prozess in Europa werden dabei erkennbar. Im Zuge dieser Entwicklung mischen sich – wie in allen politischen Prozessen – die rationalen Motive der Institutionalisierung mit den normativen Hoffnungen und mit den ethischen Begrundungen, die im Zuge dieser Institutionalisierung Gestalt gewinnen. Zukunftserwartungen unterschiedlichster Art waren und sind hier virulent.
Right ventricular function and failure: a review.

The importance of right ventricular (RV) function in maintaining global cardiac performance is the focus of this discussion. The physiological determinants of normal right ventricular function will be discussed, with particular emphasis on the afterload and contractility characteristics of the right ventricle. Numerous clinical conditions have been shown to affect RV performance. These conditions include positive-pressure ventilation, ischemia, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac surgery. Present methods for the perioperative evaluation of RV function include angiography, radionuclide techniques, thermodilution techniques, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Traditional modalities for the treatment of RV dysfunction consist of pharmacological interventions (i.e., vasodilators and inotropes) and/or mechanical assist devices. Newer pharmacological strategies for the treatment of RV failure and associated pulmonary hypertension include the phosphodiesterase fraction III inhibitors and the prostaglandins, specifically PGE1. In summary, the accurate evaluation of perioperative RV performance combined with new treatment options will ensure maximal preservation of RV performance.
Assemblers, Linkers, and the SPIM Simulator

Introduction When to Use Assembly Language Drawbacks of Assembly Language Assemblers Object File Format Additional Facilities Linkers Loading Memory Usage Procedure Call Conventions Procedure Calls Procedure Call Example Another Procedure Call Example Exceptions and Interrupts Exception Handler Input and Output SPIM Simulation of a Virtual Machine Getting Started with SPIM Surprising Features Byte Order System Calls MIPS R2000 Assembly Language Addressing Modes Assembler Syntax Encoding MIPS Instructions Instruction Format Arithmetic and Logical Instructions Constant-Manipulating Instructions Comparison Instructions Branch Instructions Jump Instructions Trap Instructions Load Instructions Store Instructions Data Movement Instructions Floating-Point Instructions Exception and Interrupt Instructions Concluding Remarks Exercises
An integrative review of sibling responses to childhood cancer

Topic Siblings of children with cancer experience extraordinary responses and changes to their lives over the course of their family's cancer journey. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct an integrative literature review to synthesize and analyze relevant findings related to the siblings' experiences of childhood cancer. Sources used CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched using the key terms: "sibling*" AND "pediatric*" AND "cancer" AND "experienc*" OR "experience*." Inclusion criteria for this review were research studies focused on sibling responses to having a brother or sister with cancer, published in English between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2017. Conclusions Siblings of children with cancer experience many changes to their emotions, relationships, family and home life, school life, and extracurricular activities. They have specific needs and desires including the need for information. Whereas they undergo many changes during the cancer journey, siblings often demonstrate resilience and personal growth and find ways to problem-solve and cope.
Telling Southern Minority Nationalities to the Public

This chapter examines the role of nationality/ethnology museums as a form of knowledge dissemination, artifact collection/exhibition, and academic research. The construction of the discourse of China being a unified multinationality country was not only completed by investigation, institutionalization, legalization, and historical writing, but also by constructing nationality/ethnology museums as a major venue of collecting and exhibiting minority nationality’s material objects, cultural artifacts, technology, and costumes. In these museums, ethnological knowledge trickles down in contemporary China to the level of the popular audience, and the venue served the purpose of promoting and enhancing the state ideology of a multicultural Chinese nation by visualizing non-Han cultures. The museums, however, continue to use the trope of “primitiveness” to introduce minority nationalities, while some indeed demonstrate concerns about the preservation of cultural heritages and regionalism.
Enhancing subject matter assessments utilizing augmented reality and serious game techniques

In this paper, we utilize the Microsoft HoloLens, a wearable augmented-reality (AR) device, to investigate how well an AR-based assessment tool measures a student's comprehension of, skill in, and aptitude for a given subject matter. We added assessment capabilities to a serious game prototype built in collaboration with Construction Management faculty for their Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) safety course. In an effort to verify if these assessment elements are effective, we hosted a trial with sixteen university students who were enrolled in the OSHA safety course. The trial consisted of a traditional pen-and-paper exam and an AR-based assessment. The AR-based assessment required the students to identify unsafe situations of virtually simulated workers, construction equipment, and/or vehicles in an AR diorama of an active construction site. We selected OSHA topics from eight categories ranging from proper ladder usage on the work site to workers wearing the correct protective equipment for where they are and what they're doing. We find that 1.) students who performed well on a paper-based assessment also performed well within the AR-based assessment tool, 2.) students and faculty considered the AR trial more comprehensive and representative of knowledge, and 3.) user feedback reinforced the visual and interactive benefits of the AR over the paper-based exam. This trial shows promising results to adapt serious games and AR assessments into Computer Science and interdisciplinary subject matters that rely on visualization and spatial understanding.
Cervical Myelopathy without Symptoms in the Upper Extremities: Incidence and Presenting Characteristics

Background Common signs and symptoms of cervical myelopathy (CM) predominantly manifest in the upper extremities and include hand numbness, hand clumsiness, and distal upper extremity weakness. CM manifesting without symptoms in the upper extremities is rare. This study aimed to better understand the incidence and character of such cases. Methods A retrospective review of surgeries for CM from disc herniation, spondylosis, or ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament over a 12-year period was performed to identify patients presenting without symptoms in the upper extremities. Results Of 982 surgically treated patients with CM, 12 (1.2%) had no upper extremity symptoms. All had difficulty ambulating, and 7 of 12 (58%) patients had objective lower extremity weakness. Ten (83%) patients had a history of lumbar degenerative disease. On sensory examination, 4 (33%) patients had a discernible midthoracic pin level, 3 (25%) had loss of sensation from the upper leg and genital area down, and 2 (17%) had only genital/upper thigh area sensory loss. All patients demonstrated neurologic improvement after decompressive surgery. Conclusions Patients with CM may rarely present without symptoms in the upper extremities, presenting with numbness perceived from the upper trunk, waist area, or perineum and legs in addition to leg weakness and gait difficulty. All patients had cervical cord compression at either C5-6 or C6-7 level, accounting for 1% of all patients undergoing cervical surgery. Awareness of this atypical pattern of presentation may aid in clinical assessment of a subset of patients with cervical cord compression.
Control off Hospital Infections by: ▪HOUSEKEEPING: ▪NURSING SERVICES

(1963). Control off Hospital Infections by: ▪HOUSEKEEPING: ▪NURSING SERVICES. Hospital Topics: Vol. 41, No. 7, pp. 49-51.
Comparing the Outcomes of Ceftaroline Plus Vancomycin or Daptomycin Combination Therapy Versus Monotherapy in Adults with Complicated and Prolonged Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Initially Treated with Supplemental Ceftaroline

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia confers considerable morbidity and mortality. Although vancomycin or daptomycin monotherapy is usually curative, prolonged bacteremia necessitating supplemental ceftaroline has occurred. The practice has led to the question of whether to continue with ceftaroline following bacteremia resolution. Adult patients hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia at the University of Kentucky Medical Center between January 2015 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Study subjects required supplemental ceftaroline due to 4 or more days of bacteremia despite vancomycin or daptomycin. They additionally had accompanying native valve infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or brain abscess. Patients were divided into two cohorts. One group continued with ceftaroline plus vancomycin or daptomycin following bacteremia resolution (combination therapy group). The other group received vancomycin or daptomycin alone (monotherapy group). All involved received 6–8 weeks of therapy. Patients’ Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) values were calculated. Treatment outcomes of inpatient mortality, recurrence of bacteremia, 30-day readmission, acute kidney injury, and leukopenia were recorded and compared. A total of 30 patients comprised the study population. 15 patients were assigned to each cohort. The median PBS value of the combination therapy group was 2, compared with 1 among the monotherapy group. The median CCI score of both groups was 0. No statistically significant difference in the aforementioned treatment outcomes was seen between the two groups. In subjects with complicated and prolonged MRSA bacteremia requiring supplemental ceftaroline, clinical outcomes did not differ among patients prescribed vancomycin or daptomycin alone following bacteremia resolution versus patients who continued combination therapy.
ReviewFragrance material review on benzyl isobutyrate

A toxicologic and dermatologic review of benzyl isobutyrate when used as a fragrance ingredient is presented. Benzyl isobutyrate is a member of the fragrance structural group Aryl Alkyl Alcohol Simple Acid Esters (AAASAE). The AAASAE fragrance ingredients are prepared by reacting an aryl alkyl alcohol with a simple carboxylic acid (a chain of 1–4 carbons) to generate formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate and carbonate esters. This review contains a detailed summary of all available toxicology and dermatology papers that are related to this individual fragrance ingredient and is not intended as a stand-alone document. Available data for benzyl isobutyrate were evaluated, then summarized, and includes: physical properties, acute toxicity, skin irritation, or skin sensitization data. A safety assessment of the entire AAASAE will be published simultaneously with this document. Please refer to Belsito et al. (2012) for an overall assessment of the safe use of this material and all AAASAE in fragrances. Belsito, D., Bickers, D., Bruze, M., Calow, P., Dagli, M., Fryer, A.D., Greim, H., Hanifin, J.H., Miyachi, Y., Saurat, J.H., Sipes, I.G., 2012. A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of aryl alkyl alcohol simple acid esters when used as fragrance ingredients.
Technoeconomic Analysis of the Electrochemically MediatedAmine Regeneration CO 2 Capture Process

The electrochemically mediated amine regeneration (EMAR) process presents an alternative route to the conventional thermal amine regeneration for carbon capture from a flue gas source. In this stud...
Embedding school cultures and climates that promote evidence-based practice implementation for youth with autism: A qualitative study:

Schools play a major role in delivering behavioral health services to autistic youth. School culture and climate are strong predictors of the extent to which these services incorporate evidence-bas...
A unified theory for the computational and mechanistic origins of grid cells

The discovery of entorhinal grid cells has generated considerable interest in how and why hexagonal firing fields might mechanistically emerge in a generic manner from neural circuits, and what their computational significance might be. Here we forge an intimate link between the computational problem of path-integration and the existence of hexagonal grids, by demonstrating that such grids arise generically in biologically plausible neural networks trained to path integrate. Moreover, we develop a unifying theory for why hexagonal grids are so ubiquitous in path-integrator circuits. Such trained networks also yield powerful mechanistic hypotheses, exhibiting realistic levels of biological variability not captured by hand-designed models. We furthermore develop methods to analyze the connectome and activity maps of our trained networks to elucidate fundamental mechanisms underlying path integration. These methods provide an instructive roadmap to go from connectomic and physiological measurements to conceptual understanding in a manner that might be generalizable to other settings.
Fraud Law and Misinfodemics

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many on whom the public depends for truthful information purposefully or recklessly spread misinformation that put thousands at risk. The term “misinfodemic,” coined in 2019, describes such events, where misinformation facilitates the spread of a disease or causes some other health-related outcome. Though the term was only recently defined, the recent misinfodemic was not a new or novel phenomenon. False information is spread to the public all the time. This often results in harm to public health. False claims are communicated by corporations seeking to mislead the public to make more money, by politicians to gain votes and support, and by media outlets to increase viewership and advertising revenue. Although these and other deceptions of the public for profit might be unethical, they are legal. This Article explores the question of why. There are two key components to this analysis, one centered on tort law and the other on the First Amendment. This Article will focus only on tort law aspects. This Article discusses how fraud law developed to focus almost exclusively on personal deceptions while almost entirely ignoring impersonal deceptions like deceptions of the public. As a result, there is most often no tort remedy available to individuals harmed by misinfodemics. This Article prescribes a fix for this gap in the law: treat fraud on the public like any other fraud by prohibiting misinformation and punishing those who spread it. Precedent and policy support imposing civil remedies against those who purposefully or recklessly mislead the public for gain. The important First Amendment aspects of this issue will be addressed in future scholarship.