cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On the common mode rejection ratio in low voltage operational amplifiers with complementary N-P input pairs

Low voltage op amps with complementary N-P input differential pairs are known to suffer from low common mode rejection ratio due to mismatch errors and the tail current switching between the N and P input stage. To understand the contribution of the systematic and the random common mode gains to the overall common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) we studied three op amp topologies, which use N-P complementary input differential pairs. A detailed small signal analysis for each of them has been performed to compare their systematic and random CMRR. The analysis shows that random CMRR caused by mismatch does not depend on the topology, while the systematic CMRR is topology dependent. It is also concluded that the CMRR of low voltage op amps with N-P complementary input pairs will be ultimately limited by the process mismatch and that the random CMRR will determine the overall CMRR.
Dynamic process monitoring and fault diagnosis with qualitative models

Qualitative Modeling and Interpretation (QMI) and Qmimic are online monitoring and diagnosis systems which use multiple qualitative models of a plant to monitor noisy data streams and rapidly diagnose faults from observed dynamic behavior. Both systems continue monitoring after faults have occurred. QMI simulates normal and faulty plant behavior off-line using purely qualitative QSIM models, and uses plant data to select the correct model, yielding a diagnosis. Qmimic incrementally simulates online qualitative models which describe the current behavior of the plant, using plant data to constrain further predictions and select between the models. Although both systems are based on qualitative models of the plant, Qmimic also incorporates semi-quantitative data (quantitative ranges and bounding envelopes) into the qualitative simulation in order to achieve better predictions. QMI and Qmimic are described and compared in detail, and both are tested on a simulated chemical reactor. >
Sexual Harassment and Gender Discrimination: A Longitudinal Study of Women Managers

Our research examines the connection between sexual harassment and other sex discrimination experiences of a sample of women within managerial and professional occupations. In this research, 257 women MBAs were surveyed over a seven-year period. Women who experienced early discrimination were likely to have experienced discrimination, including sexual harassment seven years later. However, slightly more than one-third of the women reporting sexual harassment report never experiencing discrimination. A variety of correlates of sexual harassment and discrimination experiences were also examined. Our findings suggest that some women do not perceive their experience with sexual harassment as a form of sex discrimination, yet experiences of discrimination and harassment negatively affect work attitudes for women. These findings support the notion of sexual harassment as a form of sex discrimination that contributes to a hostile and intimidating work environment.
Mcm10 mediates the interaction between DNA replication and silencing machineries.

The connection between DNA replication and heterochromatic silencing in yeast has been a topic of investigation for >20 years. While early studies showed that silencing requires passage through S phase and implicated several DNA replication factors in silencing, later works showed that silent chromatin could form without DNA replication. In this study we show that members of the replicative helicase (Mcm3 and Mcm7) play a role in silencing and physically interact with the essential silencing factor, Sir2, even in the absence of DNA replication. Another replication factor, Mcm10, mediates the interaction between these replication and silencing proteins via a short C-terminal domain. Mutations in this region of Mcm10 disrupt the interaction between Sir2 and several of the Mcm2–7 proteins. While such mutations caused silencing defects, they did not cause DNA replication defects or affect the association of Sir2 with chromatin. Our findings suggest that Mcm10 is required for the coupling of the replication and silencing machineries to silence chromatin in a context outside of DNA replication beyond the recruitment and spreading of Sir2 on chromatin.
Determinants of Tender Offer Premiums

The bid premium acquiring companies offer for target company shares may be expected to be a positive function of potential acquisition-related benefits and a negatie function of the bargaining power of the bidder. A bid premium model using debt, working capital, type of combination, valuation-related variables and bargaining-strength variables has relatively high explanatory power for a wide moss-section of firms and a predictive power superior to that of naive bidding strategies. Firms with declining amounts of leverage and firms with relatively low valuation ratios command significantly higher bid premiums. The percentage of shares already controlled by the offering company, its ability to acquire enough shares to be able to implement potentially beneficial changes, and the existence of an opposing bid at the time an offer is made are also significant determinants of bid premiums. When two or more bidders compete for the same target, the bid premium averages 30 percentage points higher than the sample mean. Premiums in offers where the bidder seeks majority control are 9 percentage points higher than when the bidder does not seek majority control, and premiums on nonconglomerate offers tend to be 7 percentage points higher than premiums on conglomerate offers.
Supersplat—spliced RNA-seq alignment

Motivation: High-throughput sequencing technologies have recently made deep interrogation of expressed transcript sequences practical, both economically and temporally. Identification of intron/exon boundaries is an essential part of genome annotation, yet remains a challenge. Here, we present supersplat, a method for unbiased splice-junction discovery through empirical RNA-seq data. Results: Using a genomic reference and RNA-seq high-throughput sequencing datasets, supersplat empirically identifies potential splice junctions at a rate of ∼11.4 million reads per hour. We further benchmark the performance of the algorithm by mapping Illumina RNA-seq reads to identify introns in the genome of the reference dicot plant Arabidopsis thaliana and we demonstrate the utility of supersplat for de novo empirical annotation of splice junctions using the reference monocot plant Brachypodium distachyon. Availability: Implemented in C++, supersplat source code and binaries are freely available on the web at http://mocklerlab
Demographic and phenotypic responses of juvenile steelhead trout to spatial predictability of food resources

We manipulated food inputs among patches within experimental streams to determine how variation in foraging behavior influenced demographic and phenotypic responses of juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the spatial predictability of food resources. Demographic responses included compensatory adjustments in fish abundance, mean fish size, and size inequality. These responses paralleled shifts in individual foraging behavior, which increased the strength of exploitative competition relative to interference competition in streams with lower spatial predictability of food resources. Variation in the spatial predictability of food resources also favored different physiological phenotypes, as inferred from selection on an index of standard metabolic rate (SMR) based on fish otolith size. We observed positive directional selection on SMR in streams with spatially predictable food resources, disruptive selection for SMR at intermediate levels of spatial predictability, and negative directional selection for SMR in streams with the lowest level of spatial predictability of food resources. Thus, variation in the spatial predictability of food resources resulted in changes in individual behavior and modes of population regulation, and produced physiologically divergent cohorts of stream salmonids.
Principal domains of the trispectrum, signal bandwidth, and implications for deconvolution

Fourth-order statistics can be useful in many signal processing applications, offering advantages over or supplementing second-order statistical techniques. One reason is that fourth-order statistics can discriminate between non-Gaussian signals and Gaussian noise. Another is that fourth-order statistics contain phase information, whereas second-order statistics do not. In the continuing development of the mathematical properties of fourth-order statistics, several researchers have derived existence conditions and definitions for the unaliased and aliased principal domains of the discrete trispectrum, which is significantly more complex than the power or energy spectrum. The consistencies and inconsistencies of these results are presented and resolved in this paper. The most flexible definitions give four individual principal domains for the discrete trispectrum: two unaliased and two aliased. The most useful combinations are those that combine the two unaliased domains together and the two aliased domains together, which can be done easily from the four individual domains. The relationship between the individual trispectral domains and signal bandwidth is important when using the fourth-order statistic for applications because they have particular properties that can be detrimental to some deconvolution algorithms. The reasons for this, as well as the validity of proposed solutions to this problem, are explained by the trispectral structure and its origins.
Flow of spatially non-uniform suspensions Part II: Systematic derivation of closure relations

This paper presents a systematic method by which closure relations for the ensemble-averaged equations of disperse two-phase flows of solid spheres can be derived. The method relies on the direct numerical simulation of three flow situations: equal forces or couples applied to the spheres, and an imposed macroscopic shear flow. A crucial aspect of the work is that it focuses on systems that are spatially non-uniform on average. It is shown that, due to this feature, several new terms arise in the constitutive relations that would vanish for a uniform system. For example, while the usual effective viscosity is recovered in the closure of the stress tensor, it is found that other terms are also present, which confer a markedly non-Newtonian nature to the rheological constitutive equation.
Parenting Style as a Moderator of Associations Between Maternal Disciplinary Strategies and Child Well-Being

The authors investigate whether parental use of punitive discipline and yielding to coercion varies in levels and associated child outcomes for mothers with different parenting styles. Participants were fourth-grade children (N = 370) and their mothers. Maternal parenting style was determined based on levels of responsiveness and demandingness. Authoritative mothers used less punitive discipline than indifferent mothers. Authoritative and authoritarian mothers engaged in less yielding to coercion than indifferent or indulgent mothers. More punitive discipline and yielding to coercion were associated with lower academic grades and more punitive discipline was associated with more social problems, with these effects not moderated by parenting style. Negative effects of yielding to coercion in terms of internalizing, externalizing, and social problems were observed only within authoritarian families. Greater use of punitive discipline was associated with more externalizing problems within the indulgent and a...
Oral Health: Something to Smile About!

Oral health is integrally linked to overall well-being. This article describes a research program focused on the contribution of poor oral health to systemic illness. Initial investigations examined factors related to streptococcal virulence that were important in dental caries and endocarditis and led to development of immunization strategies in animal models to reduce risk of endocarditis. Clinical investigations related to critically ill adults began with descriptive and observational studies that established the importance of dental plaque in development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and examined existing nursing practices in oral care. Subsequent intervention studies sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to test oral care protocols in critically ill adults have built on that foundation. The group's first NIH-funded randomized clinical trial tested the effects of toothbrushing and use of chlorhexidine in reducing risk of VAP in critically ill adults and showed that VAP was reduced by topical application of chlorhexidine initiated after intubation, although toothbrushing did not reduce VAP. The study had a rapid and dramatic effect on clinical practice. Results of the study were published in September 2009 in the American Journal of Critical Care, and in May 2010, the Institute for Health-care Improvement updated the recommendations for the care of patients receiving mechanical ventilation (the ventilator bundle) to include daily oral care with chlorhexidine, referencing the results of that study as evidence for the change. Chlorhexidine is now the standard of care for adults receiving mechanical ventilation. Because the effects of chlorhexidine after intubation were so beneficial, a second recently completed NIH-funded randomized clinical trial investigated the impact of chlorhexidine applied before intubation compared with after intubation. Currently a large randomized clinical trial is being launched to determine the optimal frequency of toothbrushing for critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation in an effort to maximize oral health benefits while minimizing systemic risks. The importance of collaboration and mentoring in building nursing science is discussed. Future directions for research also are explored.
Revitalizing the American University: A Social Science Renaissance in Problem Solving

In this paper I contend that the university remains the fundamental context in which to explore the riddles of contemporary living. Cross-culturally, we live in societies that are permeated with structural dilemmas in values, beliefs, and life styles. Institutions of higher learning constitute appropriate settings in which to explore and translate the complex issues of modern life, especially ethnic conflict. In order for explanations to be obtained for the contradictions of the human condition, the ethical neutrality of the social sciences must diminish and their problem solving capacities must be revitalized. Thus, the strategic role of social scientists in the present and future state of the university is to prepare the middle class to interpret the multitude of challenges that face our society. The university has a legitimate responsibility in constructive problem resolution.
Prediction of Air-Water Interfacial Area in Wet Unsaturated Porous Media

A numerical model is developed to predict the air−water interfacial area of water-wetted unsaturated porous media. A model space is first designed consisting of elements capable of containing a single material. Water, air, and quartz are considered in this work. The elements are square in two dimensions and cubic in three dimensions. The contents of elements containing quartz are considered immobile, while the contents of elements containing fluid (air and water) are treated as mobile. The fluid elements are then arranged in a manner to minimize the total interfacial energy of the system by the simulated annealing optimization technique. Air−water interfacial area predictions are compared to experimental data for two systems of glass beads. Predictions are excellent at high water contents, but fail at low water contents. The failure of this and other thermodynamic models at low water contents is explained by low hydraulic conductivity, which prevents low water content systems from reaching thermodynamic e...
Solution of quadratic matrix equations for free vibration analysis of structures

An efficient digital computer procedure and the related numerical algorithm are presented herein for the solution of quadratic matrix equations associated with free vibration analysis of structures. Such a procedure enables accurate and economical analysis of natural frequencies and associated modes of discretized structures. The numerically stable algorithm is based on the Sturm sequence method, which fully exploits the banded form of associated stiffness and mass matrices. The related computer program written in FORTRAN V for the JPL UNIVAC 1108 computer proves to be substantially more accurate and economical than other existing procedures of such analysis. Numerical examples are presented for two structures - a cantilever beam and a semicircular arch.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America Emerging Infections Network: Bridging the Gap Between Clinical Infectious Diseases and Public Health

In 1995, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention granted a Cooperative Agreement Program award to the Infectious Diseases Society of America to develop a provider-based emerging infections sentinel network, the Emerging Infections Network (EIN). Over the past 17 years, the EIN has evolved into a flexible, nationwide network with membership representing a broad cross-section of infectious disease physicians. The EIN has an active electronic mail conference (listserv) that facilitates communication among infectious disease providers and the public health community, and also sends members periodic queries (short surveys on infectious disease topics) that have addressed numerous topics relevant to both clinical infectious diseases and public health practice. The article reviews how the various functions of EIN contribute to clinical care and public health, identifies opportunities to further link clinical medicine and public health, and describes future directions for the EIN.
Nature-inspired stereospecific total synthesis of P-(+)-dispegatrine and four other monomeric sarpagine indole alkaloids.

Non-phenolic oxidative coupling: The first total synthesis of the C-2 symmetric indole alkaloid P-(+)-dispegatrine (1) is reported. A late-stage thallium(III)acetate mediated intermolecular oxidative coupling was employed to construct the C(9)-C(9′) bond with complete regio- and stereocontrol. The exclusive formation of a single atropodiastereomer 12 in this critical step arises due to internal asymmetric induction, as planned. In addition, the first total synthesis of four other monomeric sarpagine indole alkaloids is described.
Fully Automatic Registration of 3D Point Clouds

We propose a novel technique for the registration of 3D point clouds which makes very few assumptions: we avoid any manual rough alignment or the use of landmarks, displacement can be arbitrarily large, and the two point sets can have very little overlap. Crude alignment is achieved by estimation of the 3D-rotation from two Extended Gaussian Images even when the data sets inducing them have partial overlap. The technique is based on the correlation of the two EGIs in the Fourier domain and makes use of the spherical and rotational harmonic transforms. For pairs with low overlap which fail a critical verification step, the rotational alignment can be obtained by the alignment of constellation images generated from the EGIs. Rotationally aligned sets are matched by correlation using the Fourier transform of volumetric functions. A fine alignment is acquired in the final step by running Iterative Closest Points with just few iterations.
Strategies for prevention and management of second generation antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects

Preventing, minimizing and managing risks associated with second generation antipsychotic (SGA) use in patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders is a priority for clinicians working with this population. Among these risks is metabolic syndrome. As this population exhibits increased rates of obesity, diabetes and atherogenic dyslipidemia compared to the general population, metabolic syndrome deserves serious consideration in patient care planning for managing risks. This article comprehensively reviews different strategies and recommendations for prevention and/or management of metabolic abnormalities associated with the use of SGAs. Baseline screening and follow-up metabolic monitoring as well as education and counseling on risk for SGA-induced weight gain and other metabolic abnormalities, physical activity and healthy diet for weight maintenance/loss should be promoted shortly after initiation of SGAs. In select patients, the clinician can consider simplifying the antipsychotic treatment...
Exceptional inheritance of plastids via pollen in Nicotiana sylvestris with no detectable paternal mitochondrial DNA in the progeny

Summary Plastids and mitochondria, the DNA-containing cytoplasmic organelles, are maternally inherited in the majority of angiosperm species. Even in plants with strict maternal inheritance, exceptional paternal transmission of plastids has been observed. Our objective was to detect rare leakage of plastids via pollen in Nicotiana sylvestris and to determine if pollen transmission of plastids results in co-transmission of paternal mitochondria. As father plants, we used N. sylvestris plants with transgenic, selectable plastids and wild-type mitochondria. As mother plants, we used N. sylvestris plants with Nicotiana undulata cytoplasm, including the CMS-92 mitochondria that cause cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) by homeotic transformation of the stamens. We report here exceptional paternal plastid DNA in approximately 0.002% of N. sylvestris seedlings. However, we did not detect paternal mitochondrial DNA in any of the six plastid-transmission lines, suggesting independent transmission of the cytoplasmic organelles via pollen. When we used fertile N. sylvestris as mothers, we obtained eight fertile plastid transmission lines, which did not transmit their plastids via pollen at higher frequencies than their fathers. We discuss the implications for transgene containment and plant evolutionary histories inferred from cytoplasmic phylogenies.
Alar rim grafting in rhinoplasty: Indications, technique, and outcomes

Objective To determine the potential indications for placement of cartilaginous alar rim grafts in primary and revision septorhinoplasty. Methods Retrospective medical chart analysis of all patients undergoing septorhinoplasty from March 2003 through June 2004 in a private facial plastic and reconstructive surgery center and a tertiary teaching hospital. Patients who received alar rim grafts were identified. The indications for placement of the alar rim grafts were deduced from their preoperative evaluation and intraoperative assessment as noted in their comprehensive operative notes. Preoperative and postoperative digital photographs as well as postoperative medical records were analyzed for alar contour, pertinent patient complaints, and complications. Results During the 15-month study period, 150 patients underwent septorhinoplasty performed by the senior author. Of these patients, 31 received alar rim grafts. The most frequent indications for placement of alar rim grafts were cephalic malposition of the lower lateral cartilage with inadequate alar support (9 patients [29%]), correction of alar flare (9 patients [29%]), and correction of dynamic alar margin collapse (8 patients [26%]). At a mean 6-month follow-up, there were no graft displacements or extrusion. Conclusion Alar rim grafting is a simple and versatile approach to providing additional support to the external nasal valve and for improving nasal base contour.
Trajectories of Outdoor Mobility in Vulnerable Community-Dwelling Elderly The Role of Individual and Environmental Factors

OBJECTIVE: Outdoor mobility is critical for healthy aging, yet little is known about the factors influencing mobility in the frail elderly. We investigated the role of individual and community risk factors on trajectories of mobility in a population of vulnerable community-dwelling elderly. METHOD: Using data from 1,188 older adults in Detroit, MI, who qualify for federally funded home care, a latent class growth analysis was used to model the frequency of going outside over a 15-month period. RESULTS: Four latent trajectories were found: those with a low, high, and declining frequency of going outdoors over time, and those who do not go outdoors on a regular basis. Risk factors for membership in the homebound and infrequent mobility groups were older age, more severe mobility impairment, and fear of falling. Barriers at the entry to the home were associated with being homebound. DISCUSSION: Declining health status and functional limitations are risk factors that pose a threat to outdoor mobility in the frail elderly, while housing barriers and community accessibility also merit attention. Language: en
Male Veterans Coping With the Pendulum Swing of Rheumatiod Arthritis Pain: A Qualitative Study

This study describes the physical, psychological and social context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pain from the male veterans. A qualitative, descriptive design was employed using a purposive sampling to ensure representation of male veterans. Interviews were conducted with 12 male veterans of the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. Socio-demographic characteristics, clinical profiles and descriptors of rheumatoid pain experienced by male veterans’ since their diagnoses were gathered. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Grounded Theory analysis techniques were used to identify concepts related to living with RA Pain. Six concepts related to RA pain adaptation emerged. Three concepts were associated with movement (keep moving, consequences of not moving, staying physically active) and three were related to emotion (thinking positive thoughts, doing jobs, focusing on male identity). The “keep moving” concept explained coping with chronic RA pain through three activity types: physical, cognitive and socio-economic activities. These activities fluctuated in intensity depending upon the disease stage and RA symptoms. The forward and backward pendulum swing described the unpredictable course and pain coping strategy of the veterans. Further studies are recommended to determine the transferability of our findings to other populations and to confirm the impact of continuous motion as an effective pain management strategy for RA.
Improving on Standard Bayesian and Frequentist Estimators

Suppose that an experiment of interest will yield the outcome X, where X has been modeled as having the probability distribution Fq depending on the scalar parameter q. The statistician is prepared to estimate q by the estimator bq = bq(X), where bq might be either a Bayesian or a frequentist estimator, depending on the statistician’s inclination. Suppose that before this estimation process is completed, the statistician becomes aware of the outcome Y of a “similar“ experiment. The question then naturally arises: can the information obtained in the other experiment be exploited to provide a better estimator of q than bq? If it can, then the opportunity afforded to the statistician to improve upon his initial strategy should not be squandered! The situation I have outlined here is both intriguing and seductive, but it is also vague, involving the as-yet-undefined term “similar“ as well as dependent on suppositions that might, in many circumstances, be found to be unrealistic. In this chapter, we will examine a scenario in which opportunities of the sort above tend to arise. The empirical Bayes framework, the quintessential statistical setting in which one may reliably learn from similar experiments, was introduced by Robbins at the Berkeley Symposium on Probability and Statistics in 1955, and was developed further in Robbins (1964). This section is aimed at presenting the empirical Bayes “model“ and discussing its statistical implications.
Surgical Management of Digit Disorders in Cattle

Digital diseases in cattle are common. Cattle affected by digital disorders do not always respond to medical therapy and often need surgery. A thorough examination of the digits and radiographic evaluation help the clinician to choose the appropriate treatment and surgical approach. Age, sex, weight, type of production, and environment of the cattle also should be considered in choice of therapy.
Forking Paths: How Shall We Mourn the Dead?

At this Vietnamese American commemoration under a Vietnamese American-built monument, the dead were present because they were mourned. Not particularly the women and the children and the men without ranks or guns. Not particularly North Vietnamese. We will address these absences. But at least the dead here remained Vietnamese. These men had their Vietnamese names uttered, their Vietnamese deaths imagined.
Attraction of Japanese Beetles by Chemicals Related to Phenethyl Propionate (plus Eugenol) and Effect of Selected Additives

Attraction of Popillia japonica Newman to 15 substituted phenethyl acetates and 20 related acetates, each in combination with eugenol as 7:3 mixtures, was compared with attraction to the standard lure, phenethyl propionate + eugenol (7:3). The most active lure, o -nitro-phenethyl acetate + eugenol, was 60% as active as the standard. However, when 4 chemicals found in apple essences and 7 homologues of 2 of these chemicals were added to the standard lure, 1 additive, heptyl 2-melhyl-butyrate, increased activity 30%.
Bureaucracy in a Government Laboratory

CTUAL bureaucracies seldom conform to A the models in the classic literature.' Whenever an organization is studied, its unique features must be considered. Some of the features of bureaucracy as they occur in a naval research and development laboratory will be described here. The aim of this paper is to show how a group of professional scientists and engineers has met the partly conflicting demands of bureaucratic procedures, professional standards, and personal values. In any organization the influence of specific individuals with personal interests and desires is felt. Their influence, together with that of the supervisory training and human relations programs in current use, tends to modify the bureaucratic features. Thus, the rejection of some bureaucratic features is both recognized and approved by many organizations today. Many officials realize that their actions are not always guided by the "rational" application of bureaucratic rules. Furthermore, in professional groups, officials often refer to professional standards as the basis for their actions. The demands of bureaucratic procedures, professional standards, and personal values affect many aspects of the social system. The succeeding sections of the paper will consider (1) problems of structure and function: principles of grouping, tasks and responsibilities, supervisory roles, and staff organization; and (2) social psychological aspects: attitudes toward bureaucracy, and identification with the organization.2 The laboratory to be discussed conforms to civil service and naval regulations. In addition, it has a specific technical function which distinguishes it from other kinds of government agencies and allies it to non-governmental laboratories. While the laboratory may have many unique features, it also has some characteristics which it shares with other groups of professionals, other research and development laboratories, other naval organizations, other civil service organizations, and other bureaucracies. The laboratory is one department of a naval station. The major facilities of the station are located elsewhere. The department has approximately 400 employees and is organized into staff offices, divisions, branches, and sections. At this location there are units of several other departments which provide services for the entire station and also carry out independent work. The department studied is relatively independent of the station: it works on a different kind of equipment and its separate location allows it considerable autonomy. However, it is a part of a larger bureaucracy consisting of the station and, above that, a naval bureau in Washington. There is exchange of information and cooperation with other naval stations and private firms working on government contracts. Nearly all of the members of the department are civilians, but naval officers hold some administrative and advisory positions. The navy provides certain services to the station, such as the use of naval equipment and manpower for testing.
Preparation and In-Vitro Dissolution of Ibuprofen: Soluplus Solid Dispersion

Introduction: Ibuprofen is widely used in treatment of mild to moderated pain and fever. However, according to Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) it is classified as Class II compound having high permeability and low solubility, thus the rate limiting step to avoid delaying in analgesic effect is to be available in soluble state. Objective: To prepares and characterize Ibuprofen:Souplus solid dispersion using co-evaporation technique. Methods: Various ration of Soluplus (0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 80, 90, and 100 %) was first dissolved in a common solvent followed by adding the complementing ratio of Ibuprofen. The solvent was removed under fume hood overnight. The thin film formed after evaporation was collected, compressed and tested for in-vitro dissolution at phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The physical appearance of the film also was tested. Results:At 40% Soluplus the dissolution of Ibuprofen was around 25 % at 30 min compared with 15% Soluplus showed around 80% resales at the same time interval. 10% soluplus released 100% at 30 min. Interestingly, after 8-10 hr. The release profile was more sustained until 24 hr. Regardless the % of Soluplus. Conclusion: Sustained release profile of Ibuprofen:Soluplus solid dispersion can be achieved at lower % of Soluplus.
Мир и Дух Проектного Капитализма (The World and the Spirit of the Project Capitalism)

Russian Abstract: Данная работа рассматривает идею роста «числа степеней свободы» человека и человечества -- возможность распоряжаться собственным временным ресурсом без оглядки на базовые потребности после перехода общества к новому порядку.English Abstract: This paper focuses on the idea of growth "of the number of degrees of freedom" of an individual and humankind -- ability to dispose of proper life without looking back at the basic requirements after the society's transition to the new order.
Do humoral factors removed by plasmapheresis suppress the cellular immune system in cryoglobulinemia

The efficacy of plasmapheresis (PP) is believed to be primarily related to the removal of plasma humoral factors. Little is known, however, about the effect of solute removal on cellular systems. The effect of the presence of cryoprecipitable proteins (CPPT) on mononuclear blastogenesis (MNB) and polymorphonuclear cell phagocytosis (PMN-P) was studied. MNB stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was significantly inhibited in cryoglobulinemic (CG) patients to 70, 75, and 60% that of normal controls, respectively. PMN-P were significantly suppressed to 30% that of normals. CPPT purified from cryoglobulinemic plasmas, type I and type III CG, exhibited higher suppressive effects (and in a concentration dependent manner) on normal MNB and PMN-P than albumin used as a control. The studies indicate that patients with CG have defective leukocyte function and that CPPT have suppressive effects on normal leukocyte function in vitro. Removal of plasma CPPT may improve the immunologic status of CG patients.
“Man, Have I Got a Story for You” Facilitated Autoethnography as a Potential Research Methodology in Human Resource Development

Despite the potential value of narratives to inform and change workplace culture and practice, many stories from individuals at the margins of organizations often go untold or unheard. Based on a m...
An experimental investigation into perceptions of disrespect during interpersonal conflict

Perceptions of disrespect are central to everyday life. Despite the importance of disrespect across various social arenas, prior research has failed to empirically examine the factors influencing these perceptions. This problem is magnified when considering that perceptions or disrespect may vary across individuals and social situations alike. Drawing from theories of social geometry and symbolic interaction, this study examines the individual and situational characteristics that inform perceptions of disrespect. Using factorial vignettes, and a large sample of students, respondents were asked to assess actors in various conflicts. Results from a series of hierarchical linear models show that perceptions of disrespect vary across individuals. The content of situations appears to drive perceptions of disrespect more than individual characteristics. Implications for future research on disrespect are discussed.
Brand Valuation in the PRC Market: Toward Understanding the Nuances in Consumers’ States of Mind

The value of a brand is inextricably linked to consumers’ values, attitudes, and lifestyles, underscoring the complexity of developing global brand identity and equity. While technology-enabled globalization has produced synergies in the marketing and logistics of branded goods, it has also challenged brand managers to accommodate the heterogeneity within and across markets and cultures. Market entry and expansion in emerging markets are particularly timely as the demand for branded products increases in two of the largest emerging consumer markets, China and India (Wilson and Purushotaman 2003). While developed economies such as the USA and Canada have experienced sluggish population growth and competitive retail density consistent with economies in a maturation stage, big emerging markets such as the People’s Republic of China (PRC) market offer opportunities for garnering increased market share (Berner et al. 2001). Understanding subtle nuances and differences in new markets has become a resource advantage for multinational consumer goods marketers (Golub and Hopkins 2003).
Botryoid Wilms’ Tumor in a Child Presenting with Gross Hematuria: A Case Report

Wilms’ tumor is the most common renal neoplasm in children. This tumor typically originates from the renal parenchyma and extents into the surrounding tissues. Rarely, it arises from the renal pelvicalyceal wall, occupying the collecting system with minimal parenchymal involvement which is similar in appearance to that of botryoid sarcoma, resulting in a so-called botryoid Wilms’ tumor (1, 2). Botryoid Wilms’ tumor is markedly rare, and to the best of our knowledge, only few cases have been reported in the literature with limited imaging findings. Here, we report a case of botryoid Wilms’ tumor filling the renal pelvicalyceal system and mimicking a blood clot in a child presenting with gross hematuria, with a focus on ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. CASE REPORT
Transcranial doppler re‐screening of subjects who participated in STOP and STOP II

In children with Sickle Cell Disease, the combination of risk stratification with Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) and selective chronic red cell transfusion (CRCT-the STOP Protocol) is one of the most effective stroke prevention strategies in medicine. How fully it is being implemented is unclear. Nineteen of 26 sites that conducted the two pivotal clinical trials (STOP and STOP II) participated in Post STOP, a comprehensive medical records review assessing protocol implementation in the 10-15 years since the trials ended. Professional abstractors identified medical records in the Post STOP era in 2851 (74%) of the 3,840 children who took part in STOP and/or STOP II, and documented TCD rescreening, maintenance of CRCT in those at risk, and stroke. Among 1,896 children eligible for TCD rescreening (target group), evidence of any rescreening was found in 1,090 (57%). There was wide site variation in TCD rescreening ranging from 18% to 91% of eligible children. Both younger age and having a conditional TCD during STOP/II were associated with a higher likelihood of having a TCD in Post STOP. Sixty eight new abnormal, high risk cases were identified. Despite clear evidence of benefit the STOP protocol is not fully implemented even at experienced sites. Site variation suggests that system improvements might remove barriers to implementation and result in even greater reduction of ischemic stroke in children with SCD. Am. J. Hematol. 91:1191-1194, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular Characterization of a Membrane-Associated Cytoskeletal Motor Family

Many large morphological changes in the plasma and intracellular membranes are powered by the actions of cytoskeletal motors. These motors include myosin-Is, which are the widely expressed members of the myosin superfamily that bind directly to membranes, linking them to the actin cytoskeleton. To better understand the molecular roles of myosin-I isoforms, and the mechanisms by which they modulate membrane dynamics, we performed a range of single-molecule biophysical, structural, biochemical, and cell biological experiments to determine force-generating, membrane-binding, and motile properties of these motors. We discovered that there is remarkable diversity among myosin-I isoforms in their ability to alter their ATPase activities in response to mechanical forces, and we are learning how structural features within the motor domain lead to chemomechanical tuning. We have also learned much about the biophysics of the attachment of myosin-I to membrane bilayers in the presence and absence of mechanical load. Our understanding of the biophysical properties of myosin-I isoforms has allowed us to further explore their roles in membrane dynamics via multi-motor in vitro assays that reconstitute membrane motility and tubulation. This work is supported by grants from NIH/NIGMS (GM057247 and GM087253).
Androgen receptor and miR-206 regulation in prostate cancer

In the United States, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men with an approximately 220,000 patients diagnosed with the disease in 2015. Prostate cancer is a hormone-driven tumor, and a common therapy is androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) that involves anti-androgen treatments and/or castration therapy. Understanding the molecular basis for androgen-independent tumors is crucial toward developing new therapies for these patients. Understanding how androgen receptor itself functions is an important step in elucidating this process. Androgen receptor (AR), NR3C4, is a nuclear hormone receptor and functions as a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates the expression of protein-coding genes. Translocation of AR to improper gene promoter elements or DNA-binding sites can result in an alteration in gene expression and thus normal prostate function. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which AR-promoter interactions are drivers of disease, as compared to promiscuous or benign AR-binding interactions. While a large portion of our genome is considered a gene desert, it is now appreciated that these regions of the genome contain non-coding RNA genes such as microRNAs (miRNAs). These non-coding RNAs have enormous regulatory potential, as they post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to promote degradation or intervention of translational processes. In this review, we focus specifically on the notion that mis-regulation of non-coding RNAs such as miRNAs by improper AR-DNA binding are an important component that promotes prostate cancer. We also highlight the role of miR-206 and the interaction of miR-206 and AR within this process, given this is a miRNA known to be regulated by hormones in both breast and prostate cancer.
Targeting psychologic stress signaling pathways in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disease; to date, no AD therapy has proven effective in delaying or preventing the disease course. In the search for novel therapeutic targets in AD, it has been shown that increased chronic psychologic stress is associated with AD risk. Subsequently, biologic pathways underlying psychologic stress have been identified and shown to be able to exacerbate AD relevant pathologies. In this review, we summarize the literature relevant to the association between psychologic stress and AD, focusing on studies investigating the effects of stress paradigms on transgenic mouse models of Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathologies. In recent years, a substantial amount of research has been done investigating a key stress-response mediator, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and its interactions with AD relevant processes. We highlight attempts to target the CRH signaling pathway as a therapeutic intervention in these transgenic mouse models and discuss how targeting this pathway is a promising avenue for further investigation.
Outcomes for stage IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity according to staging subtypes.

6076 Background: Patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (SCCOC), defined as stages III to IVB without T4b, are treated similarly and combined for enrollmen...
Time in the Hospital is Not Always Normal: What does one year’s worth of studies tell us?

Abstract Context: Patient length of hospital stay (LOS) is an important measure of timeliness and efficiency in healthcare quality studies.Objective: Because conclusions drawn about LOS may be influenced by assumptions of variable distribution, we sought to determine the quality of LOS data analysis in published pediatric clinical studies. Study Selection: Articles from PubMed were included if they were of pediatric clinical studies published in English for a one year period of time between 6/1/2009 and 5/31/2010 where LOS was an outcome variable.Data Extraction: The reported statistical approach was extracted from published manuscripts by 2 independent reviewers and included hospital LOS: distribution, measures of central tendency, and methods of statistical comparisons. Results: Of 795 identified studies, 214 were included: only 33 reported LOS distribution of which 5 used the incorrect measure of central tendency. One hundred and two studies reported LOS means, 64 reported medians, and 22 reported both means and medians. Of 142 comparative studies, 61 used non-parametric methods, 53 parametric methods, 1 used both parametric and non-parametric methods, 7 transformed the variable, 18 did not specify, and 2 were missing.Conclusions: Although used frequently as a measure of healthcare outcomes, there is wide variation in the statistical approach and reporting of LOS. We recommend that, at a minimum, investigators should follow the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals reporting of statistical data. Furthermore, investigators should evaluate, report, and use LOS distributions to inform LOS analyses.
Contracting strategy based on Markov process modeling

One of the fundamental activities in multiagent systems is the exchange of tasks among agents. In particular, we are interested in contracts among self-interested agents, where a contractor desires to find a contractee that will perform the task for the lowest payment, and a contractee wants to perform tasks that maximize its profit (payment received less the cost of doing the task). Multiple, concurrent contracts take place such that a contract may be retracted because of other contracts.
THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN THE NEW COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

The new communication technology, which relies primarily on “written” language as its medium, will require from all its users a disciplined and, eventually, quite sophisticated use of language skills. The understanding of linguistic performance in various types of communication will thus become important. This paper reports on the analysis of the various styles represented in the one-million-word corpus of present day American English, known as the Brown Corpus. Information is presented on sentence length, on sentence complexity, and on the occurrence of active and passive constructions in the various Corpus genres.