cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Correlating polymer-carbon composite sensor response with molecular descriptors

We report a quantitative structure-activity relationships QSAR study using genetic function approximations to describe the activities of a polymer-carbon composite chemical vapor sensor using a novel approach to selecting a molecular descriptor set. The measured sensor responses are conductivity changes in polymer-carbon composite films upon exposure to target vapors at partsper-million concentrations. The descriptor set combines the basic analyte descriptor set commonly used in QSAR studies with descriptors for sensing film-analyte interactions. The basic analyte descriptors are obtained using a combination of empirical and semiempirical quantitative structure-property relationships methods. The descriptors for the sensing film-analyte interactions are calculated using molecular modeling and simulation tools. A statistically validated QSAR model was developed for a training data set consisting of 17 analyte molecules. The applicability of this model was also tested by predicting sensor activities for three test analytes not considered in the training set.
Current status and future perspectives for CKD testing.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in the United States. CKD usually is silent until its late stages; thus, many patients with CKD are not aware of their kidney disease. Often, they are found to have CKD only shortly before the onset of symptomatic kidney failure, when there are few opportunities to prevent adverse outcomes. Earlier detection allows more time for evaluation and treatment, but requires explicit testing strategies for asymptomatic individuals at increased risk. CKD is defined as kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or longer. In the majority of patients, CKD can be detected by using 2 simple tests: a urine test for the detection of proteinuria and a blood test to estimate GFR. Understanding the strengths and limitations of CKD testing is critical for appropriate interpretation of the results. The major strength of CKD testing is its feasibility of implementation in public health activities and clinical practice, enabling the detection of CKD by using objective measures without knowledge of the cause of the kidney disease. The major limitation of testing for urine protein is that both total protein and albumin excretion can be increased transiently for a number of factors. The major limitation of current GFR-estimating equations is the inaccuracy of estimates at 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and greater, which is the threshold for the definition of CKD. Repeated testing for urine protein and interpretation of GFR estimates in the context of kidney damage and the clinical context of patient presentation can help overcome these limitations.
Quantitative analysis of platelet activating factor using fast atom bombardment/tandem mass spectrometry

A procedure is described for the quantitative determination of platelet activating factor (PAF) using stable isotope dilution and fast atom bombardment/tandem mass spectrometry. Low-energy collisional activation of the [M + H]+ ion of PAF yields a single daughter ion of m/z 184, characteristic of phosphocholine derivatives. For precise and accurate quantification, the internal standard is (2H3)acetyl-hexadecyl PAF, which yields an analogous daughter ion of m/z 185. Quantitative analyses are based on limited mass-range parent ion scanning with transmission of daughters of m/z 184 and 185 during alternate scans; all scans are accumulated into a single data file to facilitate determination of the analyte/internal standard response ratio. Analysis of authentic hexadecyl PAF indicates a low-picogram detection limit. The method has been applied to the determination of PAF in preparations of human neutrophils stimulated by addition of a calcium ionophore. Concentrations of PAF of 7-17 ng/10(6) cells were observed, in keeping with earlier reports. The method has been validated by standard addition and dilution experiments. Comparison of data obtained by the new procedure and those obtained by a method involving gas chromatography/electron capture mass spectrometry of dephosphorylated and derivatized PAF showed excellent agreement.
Policy-based automated provisioning

The term "policy-based computing" refers to a software paradigm that incorporates a set of decision-making technologies into its management components in order to simplify and automate the administration of computer systems. A significant part of this simplification is achieved by allowing administrators and operators to specify management operations in terms of objectives or goals, rather than detailed instructions that need to be executed. A higher level of abstraction is thus supported, while permitting dynamic adjustment of the behavior of the running system without changing its implementation. This paper focuses on the application of the policy-based software paradigm to the automated provisioning architecture described elsewhere in this issue. We show how the use of policies can enhance utility computing services by making them more customizable and more responsive to business objectives.
KINETICS OF SODIUM ION BINDING TO DNA QUADRUPLEXES

The binding environments of sodium ions on oligomeric DNA quadruplex structures have been examined by 23Na NMR. Competitive ion binding experiments confirm that the selectivity of univalent cations for the strong sites on the G-quadruplex d(G4T4G4) follows the order K+ > Na+ > Cs+. 23Na intensity measurements demonstrate a class of sodium ions that are not detectable by NMR, establishing that the sodium ions bind with loss of water of hydration. These measurements define the number of occupied, specific sodium ion binding sites per quadruplex as 2(+/- 1). In contrast to the rapid exchange of specifically bound sodium ions from the tetrameric G-quadruplex structure d(T2G4T), exchange from the dimeric G-quadruplex structure of d(G4T4G4) is slow on the timescale of the 23Na NMR relaxation. 23Na NMR relaxation measurements, performed as a function of temperature, allow the kinetics of sodium ion complexation to be determined. The lifetime of specifically bound sodium ions is estimated as 180 microseconds at 20 degrees C. The temperature dependence of the exchange rates suggests a fully hydrated transition state.
An N = 2 superconformal fixed point with E6 global symmetry

Abstract We obtain the elliptic curve corresponding to an N = 2 superconformal field theory which has an E 6 global symmetry at the strong coupling point τ = e πi /3 . We also find the Seiberg-Witten differential λ sw for this theory. This differential has 27 poles corresponding to the fundamental representation of E 6 . The complex conjugate representation has its poles on the other sheet. We also show that the E 6 curve reduces to the D 4 curve of Seiberg and Witten. Finally, we compute the monodromies and use these to compute BPS masses in an F-theory compactification.
Solar Decision Making for the Tropics

Solar applications are viewed as being 3 particularly efficient and effective energy source for urban tropical locations. The goal of encouraging the inevitable transition to the permanency of solar energy will require many human commitments. Capital formation requires education, hardware and software investments in addition to a business atmosphere that encourages innovation and entrepreneurship. Commercialization requires initial experimental and demonstration stages. Solar decision incentives and patterns of early solar adoption in the United States are characterized. In conclusion, the rate of popularization appears to be the key to measuring solar commercialization and early small scale solar applications appear to precede larger urban and industrial solar installations.
Data driven anomaly detection via symbolic identification of complex dynamical systems

Some of the critical and practical issues regarding the problem of health monitoring of multi-component human-engineered systems have been discussed, and a syntactic method has been proposed. The method involves abstraction of a qualitative description from a general dynamical system structure, using state space embedding of the output data-stream and discretization of the resultant pseudo state and input spaces. The system identification is achieved through grammatical inference techniques, and the deviation of the plant output from the nominal estimated language gives a measure of anomaly in the system. The technique is validated on an experimental test-bed of a permanent magnet synchronous motor undergoing a gradual degradation of the encoder orientation feedback.
Digestibility of Dry Matter, Protein, Lipid, and Organic Matter of Two Fish Meals, Two Poultry By-product Meals, Soybean Meal, and Distiller's Dried Grains with Solubles in Practical Diets for Sunshine Bass, Morone chrysops 3 M. saxatilis

Limited information is available on digestibility of nutrients in various practical ingredients used in diets for commercially important finfish species, such as hybrid striped bass. This information is especially needed for sunshine bass, Morone chrysops 3 M. saxatilis, to improve least-cost diet formulations and to allow effective substitution of feedstuffs. A study was conducted with large (867 g) sunshine bass to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) for moisture, protein, lipid, and organic matter (OM) in a variety of ingredients in floating, extrusion-processed, diets. The practical ingredients tested were menhaden (MEN) fish meal (FM), anchovy (ANCH) FM, pet-food grade poultry by-product meal, feed-grade poultry by-product meal, dehulled soybean meal (SBM), and distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Test diets consisted of a 70:30 mixture of reference diet to test ingredient with chromic oxide (1.0%) as the inert marker. Reference and test diet ingredients were mixed and extruded on a Wenger X85 single-screw extruder to produce floating pellets. The digestibility trials were conducted in twelve 1200-L circular tanks. Diets were randomly assigned to tanks of 30 sunshine bass and were fed once daily to satiation. Protein digestibility coefficients were significantly (P , 0.05) different among test ingredients and ranged from 86.42% for MEN to 64.94% for DDGS. Lipid ADCs were significantly different (P , 0.05) among test ingredients and ranged from 92.14% for MEN to 57.11% for SBM. OM ADCs were significantly different (P , 0.05) among test ingredients and ranged from 89.41% for MEN to 16.94% for DDGS. This information will assist in the formulation of more efficient, economical diets for sunshine bass.
Apomorphine: clinical trial of stable solution.

AbstractThe therapeutic value of emetics in toxic ingestions as well as the emetic effectiveness of apomorphine are beyond question [1]. Since apomorphine is still available as an injectable tablet, which is difficult to handle, we have previously reported on an easy-to-prepare, stable solution of apomorphine that was tested in vitro and in vivo with rabbits [2]. We are now reporting on a clinical trial of this solution.
Extraction of Stride Events From Gait Accelerometry During Treadmill Walking

Objective: evaluating stride events can be valuable for understanding the changes in walking due to aging and neurological diseases. However, creating the time series necessary for this analysis can be cumbersome. In particular, finding heel contact and toe-off events which define the gait cycles accurately are difficult. Method: we proposed a method to extract stride cycle events from tri-axial accelerometry signals. We validated our method via data collected from 14 healthy controls, 10 participants with Parkinson’s disease, and 11 participants with peripheral neuropathy. All participants walked at self-selected comfortable and reduced speeds on a computer-controlled treadmill. Gait accelerometry signals were captured via a tri-axial accelerometer positioned over the L3 segment of the lumbar spine. Motion capture data were also collected and served as the comparison method. Results: our analysis of the accelerometry data showed that the proposed methodology was able to accurately extract heel and toe-contact events from both feet. We used t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mixed models to summarize results and make comparisons. Mean gait cycle intervals were the same as those derived from motion capture, and cycle-to-cycle variability measures were within 1.5%. Subject group differences could be similarly identified using measures with the two methods. Conclusions: a simple tri-axial acceleromter accompanied by a signal processing algorithm can be used to capture stride events. Clinical impact: the proposed algorithm enables the assessment of stride events during treadmill walking, and is the first step toward the assessment of stride events using tri-axial accelerometers in real-life settings.
Infrared spectrum involving forbidden transitions & coriolis interaction and identification of optically pumped far infrared laser lines in asymmetrically mono-deuterated methanol (Methanol-D 1 )

Abstract In this paper new type of ΔK = 2 and 0 transitions have been identified in the Fourier Transform spectrum of Methanol-D1 (CH2DOH). These transitions are normally forbidden but a “Coriolis” type interaction with nearby states is believed to be contributing sufficient transition strength through intensity borrowing effect. This is the first time such forbidden transitions are reported to be identified in the excited states, in this molecule. The present conjecture is supported by observation of a many strong allowed transitions to upper terminating levels which are seen to be highly perturbed. This conclusion has been reached by comparing calculated energy levels using known molecular parameters (Pearson et al., 2012; Coudert et al., 2014; El Hilali et al., 2011; Quade et al., 1998; Richard Quade, 1998, 1999; Mukhopadhyay, 1997) and the actually observed FIR lines. The upper levels are seen to be upshifted from expected position. A closer look at the calculated energy values seems to indicate a possible interaction between the above states and other proximate torsional–rotational states could occur. The possible candidates for the interacting level manifolds are narrowed down through the presence of the forbidden transition. We also take the opportunity to propose alternate rotational quantum numbers for some of the assignments recently reported in the literature (El Hilali et al., 2011). Some ambiguities are pointed out on the data and the reported analysis. There remain too many such irregularities and we propose to gather a large body assigned transitions in a future catalog. Assignments and relevant comments on optically pumped FIR laser radiation are also made.
ELM Based Dynamic Modeling for Online Prediction of Molten Iron Silicon Content in Blast Furnace

Silicon content ([Si]) of the molten metal is an important index reflecting the product quality and thermal status of the whole blast furnace (BF) ironmaking process. Since the direct online measure on this index is difficult and larger time lag exists in the offline assay procedure, quality modeling is required to achieve online estimation of [Si], which is an open problem for realizing BF automation. Focusing on this practical problem, this paper proposes a data-driven dynamic modeling method for [Si] prediction using extreme learning machine (ELM) with the help of principle component analysis (PCA). First, data-driven PCA is introduced to pick out the most pivotal variables from multitudinous factors that influence [Si] to serve as the secondary variables of modeling. Second, since this BF metallurgical process is nonlinearity dynamic system with severe time-varying characteristic, dynamic ELM modeling technology with good generalization performance and strong nonlinear mapping capability is proposed by applying the self-feedback structure on traditional ELM. The self-feedback connection enables ELM to overcome the static mapping limitation of its feedforward network structure so as can cope with dynamic time-series prediction problems very well. At last, industrial experiments and compared studies demonstrate that the constructed model has a better modeling and estimating accuracy as well as a faster learning speed when compared with different modeling method and different model structure.
Yum, cake!: How reward sensitivity relates to automatic approach motivation for dessert food images

Abstract Previous research has used the Approach Avoidance Task (AAT) to measure individuals' implicit approach or withdraw tendencies to a variety of stimuli, including dessert foods, alcohol, and stimuli associated with specific phobias. Individuals exhibit relatively faster approach movements to appetitive stimuli (e.g., food) and relatively faster avoidance movements to fearful stimuli (e.g., spiders). We explored the validity of an adapted version of the AAT, the Dessert-AAT (D-AAT), by investigating how Behavioral Inhibition and Activation strength (BIS/BAS) predicted responses on the D-AAT. Faster approach movements to desserts tended to be related to BAS but not BIS. We found that the BAS Fun-Seeking subscale significantly drives the relationship between BAS and relative approach motivation for dessert images, providing preliminary evidence for the validity of the D-AAT. Results are discussed in terms of the revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, and ideas for future research are offered.
Optimal tax mix with income tax non-compliance

Abstract Although developing countries face high levels of income inequality, they rely more on consumption taxes, which tend to be linear and are less effective for redistribution than a non-linear income tax. One explanation for this pattern is that the consumption taxes are generally more enforceable in these economies. This paper studies the optimal combination of a linear consumption tax with a non-linear income tax for redistributive purposes. In our model, households might not comply with the income tax code by reporting income levels that differ from their true income. However, the consumption tax is fully enforceable. We derive a formula for the optimal income tax schedule as a function of the consumption tax rate, the recoverable elasticities, and the moments of the taxable income distribution. Our equation differs from those of Mirrlees (1971) and Saez (2001) because households face a consumption tax and they respond to income tax not only through labor supply but also through mis-reporting their incomes. Both aspects are empirically relevant to our calibration of the optimal top rate in the Russian economy. We then characterize the optimal mix between a linear consumption tax rate and a non-linear income tax schedule. Finally, we find that the optimal consumption tax rate is non-increasing in the redistributive motives of the social planner.
ASSESSMENT OF LEFT ATRIAL VOLUMES BY 3D CT ANGIOGRAPHY AND 2D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION

In patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), left atrial size is associated with ablation outcomes and recurrence of AF. CT angiograms (CTA) are routinely performed for pulmonary vein mapping prior to ablation. We measured 3D left atrial volume (LAV) using a simple semi-automated CTA method in
A Revision of Acanthinus (Coleoptera: Anthicidae). V. The Striatopunctatus-Group and Some Related Forms

The striatopunctatus-group and 4 probably related species are treated in this paper. The members of the group are Acanthinus striatopunctatus (LaFerte), A. varicornis (Champion), A. regularis (Heberdey), and 7 new species, viz.; A. simplicisternum (N.E. Brazil), A. nevermanni (Costa Rica), A. geijskesi (Surinam), A. Pilositibia (N.E. Brazil), A. lanceatus (Surinam), A. bechyneorum (N.E. Brazil), and A. paraguayensis (Paraguay and N. Argentina). The related species, all new, are: A. silvai (S. Brazil and N.E. Argentina), A. freyorum (Trinidad, W. I.), A. bokermanni (Mato Grosso, Brazil), and A. parianae (Para, Brazil).
Medicaid and CHIP Premiums and Access to Care: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: Premiums are required in Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program in many states. Effects of premiums are raised in policy debates. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to review effects of premiums on children’s coverage and access. DATA SOURCES: PubMed was used to search academic literature from 1995 to 2014. STUDY SELECTION: Two reviewers initially screened studies by using abstracts and titles, and 1 additional reviewer screened proposed studies. Included studies focused on publicly insured children, evaluated premium changes in at least 1 state/local program, and used longitudinal or repeated cross-sectional data with pre/postchange measures. DATA EXTRACTION: We identified 263 studies of which 17 met inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Four studies examined population-level coverage effects by using national survey data, 11 studies examined trends in disenrollment and reenrollment by using administrative data, and 2 studies measured additional outcomes. No eligible studies evaluated health status effects. Increases in premiums were associated with increased disenrollment rates in 7 studies that permitted comparison. Larger premium increases and stringent enforcement tended to have larger effects on disenrollment. At a population level, premiums reduce public insurance enrollment and may increase the uninsured rate for lower-income children. Little is known about effects of premiums on spending or access to care, but 1 study reveals premiums are unlikely to yield substantial revenue. LIMITATIONS: Effect sizes were difficult to compare across studies with administrative data. CONCLUSIONS: Public insurance premiums often increase disenrollment from public insurance and may have unintended consequences on overall coverage for low-income children.
Multi-scale Modeling of Debond Behavior in Nano-Particle Reinforced Polymers

This paper is directed towards understanding damage progression and failure in advanced nanostructured composite materials. The molecular dynamics method is a subset of computational chemistry codes which creates system trajectories consistent with thermodynamic ensembles. The molecular dynamics program LAMMPS, (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) is a versatile code with numerous functionalities which can be used to simulate polymer systems. Although, the results for molecular simulation models, in particular polymer models are system size dependent, the ease with which large molecular systems can be evaluated, especially with parallel molecular dynamics codes such as LAMMPS makes it a more attractive choice compared to other approaches such as ab-initio calculations, which are limited to the calculation of a few 100 atoms. The critical value of the J-integral (JI) at crack initiation is related to the fracture toughness of the material, where the subscript I denotes the fracture mode (I=1, 2, 3). Therefore, the J-integral could be used as a suitable metric for estimating the crack driving force as well as the fracture toughness of the material as the crack begins to initiate. However, for the conventional macroscale definition of the J-integral to be valid at the nanoscale in terms of the continuum stress and displacement fields and their spatial derivatives requires the construction of local continuum fields from discrete atomistic data, and using these data in the conventional contour integral expression for atomistic J-integral. One such methodology is proposed by Hardy that allows for the local averaging necessary to obtain the definition of free energy, deformation gradient, and Piola-Kirchoff stress as fields (and divergence of fields) and not just as total system averages. Further, the conventional definition of J-integral does not take into account the entropic contribution to the free energy, and consequently, may lead to significant overestimation of the J-integral at the atomistic level especially at finite temperature. As a case study, the feasibility of computing the dynamic atomistic J-integral over the MD domain at finite temperature using Hardy estimates of continuum fields based on localization functions is evaluated for a graphene nano-platelet. For model verification, the values of atomistic J-integral are compared with results from linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) for isothermal crack initiation. Good agreement is observed between the atomistic J and the LEFM results.
Diarrhea associated with mesalamine in a patient with chronic nongranulomatous enterocolitis.

To the Editor: The use of mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease seems paradoxical, since structurally similar acetylsalicylic acid and other nonsteroida...
Therapeutic Targets in Sepsis: Past, Present, and Future

Antibiotics and fluids have been standard treatment for sepsis since World War II. Many molecular mediators of septic shock have since been identified. In models of sepsis, blocking these mediators improved organ injury and decreased mortality. Clinical trials, however, have failed. The absence of new therapies has been vexing to clinicians, clinical researchers, basic scientists, and the pharmaceutical industry. This article examines the evolution of sepsis therapy and theorizes about why so many well-reasoned therapies have not worked in human trials. We review new molecular targets for sepsis and examine trial designs that might lead to successful treatments for sepsis.
Metaphor, symbolic play, and logical thought in early childhood

Development of the ability to understand diverse types of metaphor was examined in terms of play context (symbolic vs. constructive-object play), Piagetian operational level (preoperational vs. concrete-operational), and medium of presentation (pictures vs. words). Forty 4-year-olds and 80 6-year-olds (40 preoperational, 40 concrete-operational) were presented with six different types of metaphorical relationships (color, shape, physiognomic, cross-modal, psychological-physical, and taxonomic matches) in both pictures and words in a match-to-sample design. Results indicated that (a) constructive-object play, rather than symbolic play, facilitated the understanding of perceptual and taxonomic metaphor, suggesting differences in early styles of metaphoric usage; (b) despite previous findings, the study failed to replicate a relationship between operativity and metaphoric understanding; and (c) younger children did significantly better in the pictorial medium, suggesting a picture-superiority effect for more perceptible metaphorical relations (perceptual and physiognomic), whereas older children showed a word-superiority effect for more conceptual metaphors (psychological-physical and taxonomic).
Using the culture of computing to build community

Students entering college as computer science majors come from a wide variety of backgrounds and experience levels. This creates challenges in providing meaningful cohort experiences since they may not all be taking the same classes. This paper presents the introduction of a book assignment in a freshman seminar course for computer science majors. Requiring the students to read, reflect on, write about and discuss a common book each year, introduces them to some aspect of the culture of computing while building a sense of community. As a by-product of the book choice, insights regarding the students' perceptions of gender issues are also presented.
WE-FG-202-11: Longitudinal Diffusion MRI for Treatment Assessment of Sarcoma Patients with Pre-Operative Radiation Therapy

Purpose: Diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) is a promising imaging technique for early prediction of tumor response to radiation therapy. A recently proposed longitudinal DWI strategy using a Co-60 MRI guided RT system (MRIgRT) may bring functional MRI guided adaptive radiation therapy closer to clinical utility. We report our preliminary results of using this longitudinal DWI approach performed on the MRIgRT system for predicting the response of sarcoma patient to preop RT. Methods: Three sarcoma patients who underwent fractionated IMRT were recruited in this study. For all three patients DWI images were acquired immediately following his/her treatment. For each imaging session, ten slices were acquired interleaved with the b values covering the gross tumor volume (GTV). The diffusion images were processed to obtain the ADC maps using standard exponential fitting for each voxel. Regions of interest were drawn in the tumor on the diffusion images based on each patient's clinical GTV contours. Each patient subsequently underwent surgery and the tumor necrosis score was available from standard pathology. The ADC values for each patient were compared to the necrosis scores to assess the predictive value of our longitudinal DWI for tumor response. Results: Each patient underwent 3 to 5 diffusion MRI scans depending on their treatment length. Patient 1 had a relatively unchanged ADC during the course of RT and a necrosis score of 30% at surgery. For patient 2, the mean ADC values decreased from 1.56 × 10-3 to 1.12 × 10-3 mm2/s and the patient's necrosis score was less than 10%. Patient 3 had a slight increase in the ADC values from 0.59 × 10-3 to 0.71 × 10-3 mm2/s and patient's necrosis score was 50%. Conclusion: Based on limited data from 3 patients, our longitudinal changes in tumor ADC assessed using the MRIgRT system correlated well with pathology results.
The Duke of Norfolk: Authenticity, Eccentricity, Absurdity

The train from London to Arundel, after it leaves Croydon’s sprawl and scarlet 747s drawn up at Gatwick Airport, eventually passes into the hills of West Sussex. In the last several miles before Arundel, the green is so calm, the fields so even, that it is as if the train has entered another country, crossed some frontier into an imaginary England that surely never was. Then the grey stone towers of Arundel Castle loom up on the right-hand side of the train and confirm the impression that one is about to arrive in a strange land. The castle and the town and the fields on either side of the railway all belong to the duke of Norfolk. His servants and retired servants and the dowager duchess’s servants live in consecutively numbered houses in the town. The duke has an estate agent who drives around in a brisk Ford indistinguishable from dozens of small cars parked at the station. He also has a librarian, an urbane expert on architectural history, who comes down by train two days a week from London. The duke’s wife paints pictures that are sold for charitable purposes at parties featured in The Tatler.
On the problem of harmonic source detection in electric power networks

The article presents the problem of harmonic source detection (currents and voltages) in electric power networks. In practice, this problem comes down to determining the extent of the participation (of harmonic sources) between two parts of the point of common coupling (PCC) in network. There are many ways to solve this problem, but unfortunately there is no substantial certainty regarding the validity of the results. The article points out some aspects that are fundamental in addressing the problem of detecting harmonic sources in electric power networks.
Differential Third-Grade Outcomes Associated With Attending Publicly Funded Preschool Programs for Low-Income Latino Children.

This study examined the third-grade outcomes of 11,902 low-income Latino children who experienced public school pre-K or child care via subsidies (center-based care) at age 4 in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Regression and propensity score analyses revealed that children who experienced public school pre-K earned higher scores on standardized assessments of math and reading in third grade and had higher grade point averages than those who attended center-based care 4 years earlier. The sustained associations between public school pre-K (vs. center-based care) and third-grade outcomes were mediated by children's kindergarten entry preacademic and social-behavioral skills, and among English-language learners, English proficiency. Implications for investing in early childhood programs to assist with the school readiness of young Latino children in poverty are discussed.
Evaluating Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Diagnostic Criteria in Older Children and Adolescents.

Abstract Objectives: Few studies have assessed how the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) apply to older children and adolescents. With the introduction of a new, developmentally sensitive set of criteria for very young children (age 6 years and younger) in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), this raises new questions about the validity of the criteria for older children and adolescents. The current study investigated how diagnostic changes in DSM-5 impact diagnosis rates in 7–18-year olds. Methods: PTSD, impairment, and comorbid psychopathology were assessed in 135 trauma-exposed, treatment-seeking participants. Children (ages 7–12) were examined separately from adolescents (ages 13–18) to assess for potential developmental differences. Results: A significantly higher proportion of 7–12-year-old children met criteria for DSM-5 diagnosis (53%) compared to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) (37%)...
Solitary Oxygen Dopant Emission from Carbon Nanotubes Modified by Dielectric Metasurfaces.

All-dielectric metasurfaces made from arrays of high index nanoresonators supporting strong magnetic dipole modes have emerged as a low-loss alternative to plasmonic metasurfaces. Here we use oxygen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as quantum emitters and couple them to silicon metasurfaces to study effects of the magnetic dipole modes of the constituent nanoresonators on the photoluminescence (PL) of individual SWCNTs. We find that when in resonance, the magnetic mode of the silicon nanoresonators can lead to a moderate average PL enhancement of 0.8–4.0 of the SWCNTs, accompanied by an average increase in the radiative decay rate by a factor of 1.5–3.0. More interestingly, single dopant polarization experiments show an anomalous photoluminescence polarization rotation by coupling individual SWCNTs to silicon nanoresonators. Numerical simulations indicate that this is caused by modification of near-field polarization distribution at certain areas in the proximity of the silicon nanoresonators...
Location Spoofing in a Location-Based Game: A Case Study of Pokémon Go

The worldwide Pokemon Go fever has brought location spoofing into the public’s spotlight. Location spoofing is an intentional act to masquerade locational information to somewhere other than the actual location where a network communication takes place. In the realm of Cartography and GIScience, compared with well-studied spatial quality issues, our knowledge of location spoofing is still quite limited. By reviewing five frequently-conducted location spoofing techniques for Pokemon Go, this paper critically examines location spoofing as an emerging spatial data quality issue. To unveil the hidden motivation for location spoofing, we discuss the uneven spatial distribution of game rewards through mapping a large volunteered data set of worldwide Pokemons, and gaze at the major actors in the location-based game, including location spoofers, game designers, hackers and bots. Though the research scope of this paper lies in a location-based game per se, location spoofing widely exists in Internet applications and is not fundamentally different from other deceptive phenomena in the real world. We encourage cartographers and GIScientists to face this spoofing phenomena head-on in order to promote more effective and trustworthy uses of geospatial big data.
Clinical Time Series Prediction with a Hierarchical Dynamical System

In this work we develop and test a novel hierarchical framework for modeling and learning multivariate clinical time series data. Our framework combines two modeling approaches: Linear Dynamical Systems (LDS) and Gaussian Processes (GP), and is capable to model and work with time series of varied length and with irregularly sampled observations. We test our framework on the problem of learning clinical time series data from the complete blood count panel, and show that our framework outperforms alternative time series models in terms of its predictive accuracy.
Harvesting energy from low-frequency excitations through alternate contacts between water and two dielectric materials

Recent studies have demonstrated the benefits of water-dielectric interfaces in electrostatic energy harvesting. Most efforts have been focused on extracting the kinetic energy from the motions of water drops on hydrophobic surfaces, and thus, the resulting schemes inherently prefer cases where the water drops move at a high speed, or vibrate at a high frequency. Here we report a method for directly harvesting ambient mechanical energy as electric potential energy through water droplets by making alternate contacts with CYTOP and PTFE thin films. Because CYTOP and PTFE acquire significantly different surface charge densities during contact with water, such a difference can be utilized to effectively generate electricity. We demonstrate this concept using prototype devices fabricated on silicon substrates with a simple procedure. In the experiments conducted, a water drop of 400 μL alone could generate a peak open-circuit voltage of 42 V under a 0.25 Hz vibration. Under a 2.5 Hz vibration, the peak open-circuit voltage reached 115 V under an external bias of 8 V. The demonstrated efficiency is orders of magnitude higher than those of existing devices of similar dimensions.
Mammalian EAK-7 activates alternative mTOR signaling to regulate cell proliferation and migration

Nematode EAK-7 (enhancer-of-akt-1-7) regulates dauer formation and controls life span; however, the function of the human ortholog mammalian EAK-7 (mEAK-7) is unknown. We report that mEAK-7 activates an alternative mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in human cells, in which mEAK-7 interacts with mTOR at the lysosome to facilitate S6K2 activation and 4E-BP1 repression. Despite interacting with mTOR and mammalian lethal with SEC13 protein 8 (mLST8), mEAK-7 does not interact with other mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) or mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) components; however, it is essential for mTOR signaling at the lysosome. This phenomenon is distinguished by S6 and 4E-BP1 activity in response to nutrient stimulation. Conventional S6K1 phosphorylation is uncoupled from S6 phosphorylation in response to mEAK-7 knockdown. mEAK-7 recruits mTOR to the lysosome, a crucial compartment for mTOR activation. Loss of mEAK-7 results in a marked decrease in lysosomal localization of mTOR, whereas overexpression of mEAK-7 results in enhanced lysosomal localization of mTOR. Deletion of the carboxyl terminus of mEAK-7 significantly decreases mTOR interaction. mEAK-7 knockdown decreases cell proliferation and migration, whereas overexpression of mEAK-7 enhances these cellular effects. Constitutively activated S6K rescues mTOR signaling in mEAK-7-knocked down cells. Thus, mEAK-7 activates an alternative mTOR signaling pathway through S6K2 and 4E-BP1 to regulate cell proliferation and migration.
Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Breast Cancer Incidence and Survival following Breast Cancer: The Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project.

Background Phthalates, known endocrine disruptors, may play a role in breast carcinogenesis. Few studies have examined phthalates in relation to breast cancer (BC), and, to our knowledge, none have considered survival following BC. Objectives We examined 11 urinary phthalate metabolites, individually and as molar sum groupings, in association with BC incidence and subsequent survival. Methods Our study includes 710 women diagnosed with first primary BC in 1996-1997 and 598 women without BC from Long Island, New York. Within 3 mo of diagnosis, participants provided spot urine samples. Nine phthalate metabolites were measured in all women; two [monocarboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) and monocarboxy-isononyl phthalate (MCNP)] were measured in 320 women with and 205 without BC. Women with BC were followed since diagnosis using the National Death Index; during follow-up (median=17.6 y), we identified 271 deaths (98 BC related). We examined creatinine-corrected metabolite concentrations in association with: BC, using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and all-cause/BC-specific mortality, using Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. We also examined effect modification by body mass index (BMI) and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Results The highest (vs. lowest) quintiles of mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), MCNP, and MCOP were associated with BC ORs ranging from 0.71-0.73. The highest (vs. lowest) quintiles of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) and MCOP were associated with BC-specific mortality HRs of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.28, 1.04) and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.23, 1.35), respectively. For BC-specific mortality, interactions were significant between BMI and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxyhexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), with positive associations among women with BMI Conclusions Consistent with laboratory evidence, we observed inverse associations between urinary concentrations of several phthalate metabolites and BC and subsequent survival; however, these results should be interpreted with caution given that biospecimen collection among women with BC occurred after diagnosis, which may be of particular concern for our case-control findings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2083.
Primary care practitioners’ views on test result management in EHR-enabled health systems: a national survey

Context Failure to notify patients of test results is common even when electronic health records (EHRs) are used to report results to practitioners. We sought to understand the broad range of social and technical factors that affect test result management in an integrated EHR-based health system. Methods Between June and November 2010, we conducted a cross-sectional, web-based survey of all primary care practitioners (PCPs) within the Department of Veterans Affairs nationwide. Survey development was guided by a socio-technical model describing multiple inter-related dimensions of EHR use. Findings Of 5001 PCPs invited, 2590 (51.8%) responded. 55.5% believed that the EHRs did not have convenient features for notifying patients of test results. Over a third (37.9%) reported having staff support needed for notifying patients of test results. Many relied on the patient's next visit to notify them for normal (46.1%) and abnormal results (20.1%). Only 45.7% reported receiving adequate training on using the EHR notification system and 35.1% reported having an assigned contact for technical assistance with the EHR; most received help from colleagues (60.4%). A majority (85.6%) stayed after hours or came in on weekends to address notifications; less than a third reported receiving protected time (30.1%). PCPs strongly endorsed several new features to improve test result management, including better tracking and visualization of result notifications. Conclusions Despite an advanced EHR, both social and technical challenges exist in ensuring notification of test results to practitioners and patients. Current EHR technology requires significant improvement in order to avoid similar challenges elsewhere.
Aortic valve injury 10 years after tetralogy of Fallot repair.

Although recognized by pediatric cardiac surgeons, aortic insufficiency as a technical complication after tetralogy of Fallot repair is poorly documented, especially if it occurs late. The case of a boy with aortic insufficiency 10 years after complete tetralogy repair is described. No documentation in the literature other than summary statements in textbooks of this occurence was found.
Improving Outcomes for Critically Ill Cardiovascular Patients Through Increased Physical Therapy Staffing

Abstract Objective To examine the effect of increasing physical therapy (PT) staff in a cardiovascular intensive care unit (CVICU) on temporal measures of PT interventions and on outcomes important to patients and hospitals. Design Retrospective pre/post subgroup analysis from a quality improvement initiative. Setting Academic medical center. Participants Cardiovascular patients in either a baseline (N=52) or quality improvement period (N=62) with a CVICU length of stay (LOS) ≥7 days and use of any one of the following: mechanical ventilation, continuous renal replacement therapy, or mechanical circulatory support. Interventions The 6-month quality improvement initiative increased CVICU-dedicated PT staff from 2 to 4. Main Outcome Measures Changes in physical therapy delivery were examined using the frequency and daily duration of PT intervention. Post-CVICU LOS was the primary outcome. CVICU LOS, mobility change, and discharge level of care were secondary outcomes. A secondary analysis of hospital survivors was also conducted. Results Compared to those in the baseline period, cardiovascular patients in the quality improvement period participated in PT for an additional 9.6 minutes (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9, 17.2) per day for all patients and 15.1 minutes (95% CI: 7.6, 22.6) for survivors. Post-CVICU LOS decreased 2.2 (95% CI: -6.0, 1.0) days for all patients and 2.6 days (95% CI: -5.3, 0.0) for survivors. CVICU LOS decreased 3.6 days (95% CI: -6.4, -0.8) for all patients and 3.1 days (95% CI: -6.4, -0.9) for survivors. Differences in mobility change and discharge level of care were not significant. Conclusions Additional CVICU-dedicated PT staff was associated with increased PT treatment and reductions in CVICU and post-CVICU LOS. The effects of each were greatest for hospital survivors.
Phylogenetic Relatedness Among Plasmids Harbored by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated From Retail Meats.

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are two of the major causes of foodborne illness. In this study, 29 plasmids isolated from 20 retail meat isolates of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli were fully-sequenced individually or as a part of a whole genome sequencing approach. The fully-sequenced plasmids ranged in size from 3 kb to 119 kb. Molecular characterization of the sequenced plasmids was based on pangenomic analysis and types of genes present on these plasmids and similar ones from Genbank. The plasmids were categorized into four different groups. These groups include type-1 that consisted mainly of pTet plasmids with the tetO gene, type-2 plasmids commonly found in C. coli strains, type-3 which have pVir plasmids, and type-4 that consisted mainly of smaller plasmids. The type-2 plasmids were unique, common among C. coli strains, and carried several conjugative transfer genes. The type-2 plasmids were most similar to a plasmid from Helicobacter pullorum. Maximum parsimony analysis and NeighborNet analysis were used to assess the phylogenetic relatedness among the 29 plasmid sequences presented in this study in addition to the other 104 plasmid sequences of Campylobacter species available in GenBank to date. Results from MP analysis revealed multiple lineages among Campylobacter plasmids which was supported by NeighborNet analysis. Clustering of plasmids did not conform to species-specific clades which suggested an intra-species dissemination of plasmids among Campylobacter species. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive phylogenetic analysis of Campylobacter plasmids sequenced to date.
Using Photovoice as a participatory method to identify and strategize community participation with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Background: Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) experience barriers to community participation, yet their insider experiences of environmental barriers and supports to pa...