cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ANARCHISTS AND LABOR UNIONS: AN ANALYSIS USING NEW SOCIAL MOVEMENT THEORIES

The goal of this article is to explore the characteristics of North American anarchists who are union members. New social movement (NSM) theories suggest that movements have changed in recent decades to focus less on economic issues and have divorced themselves from the working class. The union membership of anarchists is related to subjective working-class status, age, being from North America, economic anarchist ideology, anarchist movement participation, and activist identity. Given these findings, it is questionable how well the arguments offered by NSM theories—specifically a postmaterialist focus and emphasis upon collective cultural identity—are able to describe anarchists.
Adaptive low Mach number simulations of nuclear flame microphysics

We introduce a numerical model for the simulation of nuclear flames in Type Ia supernovae. This model is based on a low Mach number formulation that analytically removes acoustic wave propagation while retaining the compressibility effects resulting from nuclear burning. The formulation presented here generalizes low Mach number models used in combustion that are based on an ideal gas approximation to the arbitrary equations of state such as those describing the degenerate matter found in stellar material. The low Mach number formulation permits time steps that are controlled by the advective time scales resulting in a substantial improvement in computational efficiency compared to a compressible formulation. We briefly discuss the basic discretization methodology for the low Mach number equations and their implementation in an adaptive projection framework. We present validation computations in which the computational results from the low Mach number model are compared to a compressible code and present an application of the methodology to the Landau-Darrieus instability of a carbon flame.
Identification of saliva-regulated genes of Streptococcus gordonii DL1 by differential display using random arbitrarily primed PCR

Attachment of Streptococcus gordonii to the acquired pellicle of the tooth surface involves specific interactions between bacterial adhesins and adsorbed salivary components. To study saliva-regulated gene expression in S. gordonii, we used random arbitrarily primed PCR (RAP-PCR). Bacteria were incubated in either brain heart infusion medium or saliva. Total RNA from both conditions was purified and RAP fingerprinted and then PCR amplified with an arbitrary primer. The differentially displayed DNA fragments were cloned, sequenced, and analyzed using the BLAST search network service. Three DNA products were up-regulated. One was identified as that of the sspA and -B genes, which encode the salivary agglutinin glycoprotein-binding proteins SspA and SspB of S. gordonii; another had 79% identity with the Lactococcus lactis clpE gene, encoding a member of the Clp protease family; and the third product showed no significant homology to known genes. Five down-regulated genes were identified which encode proteins involved in bacterial metabolism. We have shown, for the first time, direct induction of sspA and -B in S. gordonii by human saliva.
Evaluation of multi-queue buffered multistage interconnection networks under uniform and nonuniform traffic patterns

This paper presents a unified model for analyzing multistage interconnection networks with multi-queue buffered strategies. Buffering strategies include SAFC (statically allocated fully connected), SAMQ (statically allocated multi-queue), DAMQ (dynamically allocated multi-queue), and DAFC (dynamically allocated fully connected) schemes. We develop a unified model to evaluate the performance of all these buffer allocation schemes under both uniform and nonuniform traffic patterns. The analytical model is validated through extensive simulations. Using the unified model, we conducted performance comparisons on the four buffer allocation schemes. It is shown that the DAFC scheme has the best performance over all the four buffer allocation schemes under both uniform and nonuniform loads.
Training of Expatriates in the Textile and Apparel Industries

The purpose of this exploratory research study was to obtain information about training programs for expatriate employees in the U.S. textile and apparel industries. The research sample consisted of 34 U.S. textile and apparel manufacturers identified to have expatriate employees. Personnel managers or managers of overseas operations in 28 companies responded to the telephone survey (93% response rate). Language training was the most frequently used training program category. The training programs of most companies lasted less than six weeks, with the majority of programs taking place in the overseas location where the expatriate was to be placed. In general, managers viewed training as important for an expatriate. Language training and cultural assimilation were the two categories perceived by managers to be most important; however, in this study, perceived importance of specific categories did not show a significant relationship to the success of an overseas operation.
Genetic Modifiers of Atherosclerosis in Mice

Atherosclerosis is a complex, multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental determinants. Experimental investigation of the effects of these determinants on the development and progression of atherosclerosis has been greatly facilitated by the use of targeted mouse models of the disease, particularly those resulting from the absence of functional genes for apolipoprotein E or the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). This review focuses on the influence on atherosclerosis of combining apoE or LDLR deficiencies with factors affecting atherogenesis, including (1) inflammatory processes, (2) glucose metabolism, (3) blood pressure, and (4) coagulation and fibrinolysis. We also discuss the general problem of using the mouse to test the effects on atherogenesis of human polymorphic variations and future ways of enhancing the usefulness of these mouse models.
MPTLsim: a simulator for X86 multicore processors

Current microprocessors are effectively a system-on-a-chip, as they incorporate processing cores, interconnections, shared and private caches and DRAM controllers on a single die. Consequently, it is imperative to have fast and accurate simulation tools for such systems; this paper such a tool for simulating all current and announced variants of multicore processors that use the predominant PC (X86, X86-64) instruction set, as well as external DRAM memory and buses. We discuss the major techniques used for speeding up the simulation and improving the overall accuracy, and the simulation of system-level details such as coherent caches, on-chip interconnections, memory bus and DRAM. We also demonstrate a 8-fold speedup against a widely-used popular tool.
VAWT: The virtual aerodynamic/aeroacoustic wind tunnel

Ever since computational fluid dynamics (CFD) arose as a tool for predicting fluid motions engineers have looked to the day when it could be used reliably to supplement wind tunnel tests. Limits on computer speed and algorithm accuracy have prevented the development of a virtual wind tunnel. But now, a team from Ford Research has developed the capability that allows engineers to evaluate vehicle designs both aerodynamically and aeroacoustically in a virtual environment. Starting with a CAD surface description of the vehicle, a CFD simulation can be constructed and executed with little user intervention in only a few days. This information can be used to estimate interior sound due to wind noise, which can then be played through speakers for a comparison of alternate vehicle designs. The technology that makes this possible combines a new method for CFD called PowerFlowTM (from the Exa Corporation) with an enhanced Wind Noise Modeller©. To illustrate this new capability, we will consider an analysis of the Taurus line. Aerodynamic information regarding flow around the side mirror and windshield wipers will be provided, and aeroacoustic wind-noise predictions will be made and compared to actual wind tunnel tests.
The Civil Right to Counsel on Appeal: Civil Douglas

The litigation movement to establish a categorical constitutional civil right to counsel at trial - Civil Gideon - at every turn runs up against a durable barrier: the presumption against appointed counsel, created by the Court in Lassiter v. Department of Social Services, in those cases where physical liberty is not at stake. This article argues that the civil right to counsel on appeal - Civil Douglas, after Douglas v. California, establishing the right to counsel on appeal in criminal cases - provides a clearer path to a broader categorical constitutional civil right to counsel. The case for Civil Douglas is based on principles of equal access, not due process, and it therefore avoids the Lassiter presumption altogether. Moreover, a civil right to counsel on appeal would make the civil right to counsel at trial all but inevitable (Lassiter notwithstanding), just as the holding in Douglas portended the fall of Betts v. Brady and the rise of Gideon.
DD25: Wegelagerer im Hotelzimmer (Oktober 2006)

Unten an der Rezeption regeln sie, ob der Veranstaltertarif oder der von IBM gunstiger ist. Selbst wenn der IBM-Tarif hoher ist, sollte ich eventuell lieber auch etwas mehr zahlen, weil ich bei der Abrechnung hinterher schworen muss, die als billigst angenommene IBM-Rate bezahlt zu haben. Sonst gibt es einen Ausnahmegenehmigungsprozess, der viel mehr als die Differenz kostet. 90 Euro soll meine Rate sein. Oben im Zimmer steht ganz bestimmt der offizielle Zimmerpreis, vielleicht 450 Euro. Wehe, wenn sich spat am Abend hierhin jemand ins Hotel verirrt – ganz ohne IBM-Ausweis. Dem werden sie wohl das schreckliche Preisschild zeigen. „Kann ich bitte einen Abdruck Ihrer Kreditkarte haben, damit sie nicht ohne Bezahlung abhauen konnen?“
Analysts’ Use of Range Information Provided in Earnings Guidance

This paper examines analysts' responses to range forecasts, a large and growing proportion all earnings guidance. We find that information conveyed through the four parameters of the management forecasts (the upper and lower bounds, the width, and the midpoint) explains changes in consensus analysts' forecasts and changes in the range of those forecasts for the current and future year. By considering simultaneously the upper bound, the lower bound, the difference and the average of the two bounds, we present evidence that management range forecasts are more informative than previously thought. In addition, we provide initial evidence that information gleaned from each of these parameters is systematically related to reported earnings and that relying on this information improves analyst accuracy. In sum, we find that analysts react to information conveyed by all four parameters of a management range forecast and that these metrics are informative in large part because they provide information related to future reported earnings.
Renal renin secretion rate and norepinephrine secretion rate in response to centrally administered angiotensin-II: role of the medial basal forebrain.

The influence that centrally administered angiotensin-II (ANG-II) and saralasin (SAR) has on renal norepinephrine secretion rate (NESR) and renal renin secretion rate (RSR) were studied. Rats were given thermal lesions of the medial basal forebrain (MBF) or sham surgery. Twenty-four hours later the right kidney was vascularly isolated (but neurally intact) and perfused with an artificial plasma at either a constant pressure (100 mm Hg) or constant flow (600 μ1/min). Renal perfusate was collected before (pre-injection) and at 10 min intervals after central administration of peptides for determination of NESR and RSR. In both perfusion models, intracerebroventricular (ICV) ANG-II increased renal NESR. In MBF lesioned rats pre-injection renal NESR is reduced and the response to ICV ANG-II is blocked. In both perfusion models ICV ANG-II decreases renal RSR. Concomitant administration of SAR blocks the effect of ANG-II on both NESR and RSR. MBF lesioned rats had significantly elevated pre-injection levels of R...
Amino-Acrylamido Carbenes: Modulating Carbene Reactivity via Decoration with an α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Moiety

Two 6-methoxy-4-oxo-1,3-diaryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidinium salts (2a and 2b) have been prepared as precursors to novel amino-acrylamido carbenes. Treatment of 2a (where the aryl groups are mesityl groups) with one equivalent of sodium hexamethyldisilazide in aromatic hydrocarbons affords the persistent amino-acrylamido carbene 3a, which has been characterized spectroscopically. This novel carbene has been trapped with Ir(I) transition metal fragments as well as electrophilic carbon disulfide and nucleophilic isocyanides. Infrared spectroscopic studies carried out on 3a-Ir(CO)2Cl (5a) indicated that this carbene exhibits a Tolman electronic parameter (TEP) of 2049 cm–1, a value that suggests that 3a is a stronger donor than both diamidocarbenes (DACs) and a recently reported amino-ureido carbene (DAC TEPs ≈ 2057 cm–1; amino-ureido TEP = 2058 cm–1), but similar σ-donating properties to a monoamido-amino carbene (TEP = 2050 cm–1). This result has been corroborated by DFT analyses carried out on all four species,...
Perceptions of Education Majors concerning 10 Reading Content Area Techniques

Reading in the Content Areas is a course requirement for many teacher education programs; some states require this course or a similar one for certification. During the spring of 1989, 19 elementary and secondary undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in a reading content course were each requited to teach 10 individual lessons using each of the following teaching techniques in simulation lessons reflecting a specific major field: (1) Survey-QuestionRead-Recite-Review or Survey-Question-Read-Question-Compute-Question, (2) Using Reference Books and Materials, (3) Note-taking or Outlining, (4) Webbing, (5) Pyramidng, (6) Think Sheets, (7) Directed Reading Thinking Activity, (8) SAVOR Procedure, (9) Question-only Strategy, and (10) the Directed Inquiry Activity. All of these techniques, with the exception of Webbing, Pyramiding, and Think Sheets, have been described in detail by Burns, Roe, and Ross (1988). Procedures for Webbing, Pyramiding and Think Sheets have been described by Clewell and Haidemenos (1983). Method.-An intact sample of 19 students enrolled in a course entitled Reading in the Content Areas in the spring of 1989 were education majors with little or no teaching experience. After 10 weeks of instruction which was focused on the 10 teaching techniques mentioned above, students were asked to rank the specific techniques in the order in which they would use these. Students were administered a researcher-developed instrument in which the 10 strategies were listed for purpose of ranking. In addition, students were asked to name the most useful method in their teaching field as well as the method least useful. Students were also asked to provide a written rationale for each choice. The design for this study is descriptive. The quantitative data were treated as ordinal values. Qualitative data are categorized and reported descriptively. Results.-The data for the entire group were exnm~ned. The technique ranked as the most frequently used by a majority of respondents was Webb~ng. Forty-two percent stated that this technique would be their first choice, and 42% shouoed that Webbing would be their second choice, so 84% indicated a strong preference for Webbing as the instructional strategy of choice. The technique ranked second highest was Pyramiding by 63% who noted use of this technique as second or third choice. The third ranked technique favored by the students was Think Sheets, with 32% rating this technique as their fourth preference. Techniques which were not ranked as positively by respondents were Note-taking, Directed Reading Thinking Activity. the SAVOR Procedure, Question-only Strategy, and the Directed Inquiry Activity. The Survey-Question-Read-Question-Compute-Question was the least favored technique by 36% of the respondents. T h s may, however, be explained by the fact that use of this technique would not be appropriate for teachers who are not teaching mathematics. Data were
Estimating Power Outages during Hurricanes Using Semi-Parametric Statistical Methods

Hurricanes have caused severe damage to the electric power distribution system in the U.S., leading to widespread, prolonged power outages. Electric power is critical to post-hurricane disaster response as well as to long-term recovery for impacted areas, and power restoration depends on effective pre-storm planning and resource allocation. Power outage estimates form the basis of pre-storm decisions that utility companies must make about the number of crews to request through mutual aid agreements and the locations where crews and materials should be staged in preparation for a recovery effort. Managing power outage risk and properly preparing for post-storm recovery efforts requires rigorous methods for estimating the number and location of power outages before a storm makes landfall. These estimates must be geographically detailed and accurate while also accounting for the complicated relationships between a number of possible explanatory variables and power outages. Previous research in estimating power outages during hurricanes has relied on negative binomial generalized linear models (GLMs) that use the standard linear relationship between the log of the expectation of the response variable Y (i.e., the number of power outages in a geographic area) and a set of explanatory variables given in the matrix X . However, these models have been shown to substantially overestimate the number of power outages in urban areas in some cases (Han et al. 2007a), and they do not provide insight into the possibility of non-linear relationships between the elements of X and the response variable. This paper shows how generalized additive models (GAMs), a class of semi-parametric regression models, can be used to more accurately estimate power outages during hurricanes. This is done through an analysis of a data set consisting of power outages in 6,681 3.66 km (12,000 foot) by 2.44 km (8,000 foot) grid cells during five hurricanes in the service area of a large, investor-owned utility company serving a large portion of a Gulf Coast state that has been impacted by a number of hurricanes in the past. The results show that GAMs can provide more accurate predictions of the number of power outages in each geographic area of a utility company's service area and a better understanding of the response of the system than GLMs do. The explanatory variables used in the regression model include information about (1) the winds experienced in each grid cell during each hurricane, (2) the long-term precipitation and the soil moisture levels in each grid cell at the time of the hurricane, (3) the power system components in each grid cell, and (4) land use and land cover in each grid cell. The underlying goal in developing an outage count prediction model is to provide a basis for choosing how many crews and materials to request from other utility companies as a hurricane is approaching and where to position these crews and materials in order to restore electric power as quickly as possible without incurring unnecessary expense.
Forecasting Acceptance of New Industrial Products with Judgment Modeling

This paper presents an operational method for estimating quantitatively market acceptance of new industrial products, including estimates of variations in likely market response as a function of pr...
Use of L-plastin promoter to develop an adenoviral system that confers transgene expression in ovarian cancer cells but not in normal mesothelial cells.

The objective of this study was to develop an adenoviral vector system that would generate a pattern of expression of exogenous therapeutic genes appropriate for the treatment of ovarian cancer. For this purpose, we have generated a replication-deficient recombinant adenoviral vector, AdLPLacZ, which contains the human L-plastin (LP) promoter (LP-P) driving the Escherichia coli LacZ gene. LP is constitutively expressed at high levels in malignant epithelial cells but is not expressed in normal tissues, except at low levels in mature hematopoietic cells. Because adenoviral vectors infect early hematopoietic multilineage precursor cells only poorly or not at all, this vector would be of use in the peritoneal cavity and in vitro for marrow purging. We first analyzed the expression of the LacZ reporter gene in ovarian and breast cancer cell lines, normal fibroblasts, and leukemia cell lines using the adenoviral vector in which the LacZgene is governed by the LP-P promoter (AdLPLacZ) or in which the LacZ gene is governed by the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (AdCMVLacZ). We found equivalent and high levels of expression of β-galactosidase (β-gal) by AdLPLacZ and AdCMVLacZ vectors in the breast or ovarian cancer cell lines as well as in a fibrosarcoma cell line, indicating that the adenoviral vectors infected these cells and expressed their transgenes equally with the LP and CMV promoters. Expression of the LacZ gene with the CMV vector but not with the LP-P vector was observed in experiments with normal fibroblasts, indicating that the vectors infected the cells, but that the LP-P was not active within them. In hematopoietic cells such as U937 cells, no measurable β-gal activity was detected in cells infected either by AdLPLacZ or by AdCMVLacZ, indicating that the adenoviral vectors were not infecting the cells. Although β-gal activity was observed in fresh ascitic ovarian cancer cells after infection with adenoviral vectors containing CMV or the LP promoters, β-gal activity was detected in a portion of a biopsy of normal peritoneum when the tissues were exposed to the AdCMVLacZ vector, but not when tissues were exposed to the AdLPLacZ vector. These results suggest that the transcription of therapeutic genes in cells infected by the AdLP vectors would be restricted to LP expression-positive ovarian carcinoma cells but would not be seen in the normal mesothelial cells of the peritoneal cavity. This possibility implies that adenoviral vectors carrying therapeutic genes driven by the LP-P would be of use for the intracavitary treatment ovarian cancer.
Segmental enhancement of the cochlea on contrast-enhanced MR: correlation with the frequency of hearing loss and possible sign of perilymphatic fistula and autoimmune labyrinthitis.

PURPOSE To relate the finding of selective enhancement of different turns of the cochlea to the frequency range of the hearing loss measured by audiogram. METHODS Six patients aged 23 to 53 years, four men and two women, who presented with sudden hearing loss and had segmental enhancement of different turns of the cochlea on contrast-enhanced MR imaging were included in this retrospective study. The patients were imaged on a 1.5 T MR imaging system using pre- and postcontrast axial T1-weighted images and postcontrast coronal T1-weighted images through the temporal bone. RESULTS The basal turn of the cochlea enhanced selectively in five of the six patients and the apical turn enhanced in the sixth patient. All patients had sensorineural hearing loss. Three of the patients with basal turn enhancement had predominantly high-frequency hearing loss, whereas the patient with apical turn enhancement had predominantly low-frequency hearing loss. The two other patients with basal turn enhancement had complete hearing loss. Three patients had presumed autoimmune labyrinthitis. The other three patients had strong clinical and surgical evidence of a perilymphatic fistula. CONCLUSION Contrast-enhanced MR imaging may demonstrate selective enhancement of different turns of the cochlea. In certain patients, the areas of enhancement may correlate with specific hearing loss in the frequencies mapped by the enhancing segment. Enhancement of the cochlea may represent radiologic evidence of cochlear inflammation secondary to a perilymphatic fistula.
Determination of As and Se in coal by Microwave Digested Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry

The samples were first treated by microwave digestion,then the trace arsenic and selenium in coal were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry.The experimental conditions for treating and analyzing samples were optimized.The detection limits were 0.05 and 0.06μg/L with recoveries of 97.9%~104.8% and 96.6%~106.3% and the relative standard deviations of 1.26%~1.59% and 1.68%~2.33% for As and Se,respectively.
Development and validation of a quantitative assay for γH2AX in needle biopsies using topoisomerase I inhibitors

C50 As part of the DCTD effort to evaluate pharmacodynamic (PD) markers in early clinical trials (Phase 0 and I), we have developed and validated a quantitative immunofluorescence assay for γH2AX in 18 gauge needle biopsies, and a companion standard operating procedure (SOP) for specimen handling. Snap-frozen biopsy specimens are formalin fixed and paraffin embedded; phosphorylated histone γH2AX is stained with a mouse monoclonal antibody. Imaging is performed on an automated fluorescence microscope, and fields are selected using criteria that are independent of target staining. A novel data quantitation and image processing algorithm is employed to determine the extent of specific nuclear staining. The planned clinical trials were modeled using biopsies of xenografts of a Topotecan-responsive human tumor line (A375 melanoma) in nu/nu mice under general anesthesia. γH2AX response exhibited a 30-fold dynamic range over a 15-fold dose range, including a significant PD response at the routinely used human dose of 1.5 mg/m2. The time frame required to detect a γH2AX response after drug adminstration in the model is well within the anticipated time frame for biopsy in clinical trials. In addition, γH2AX response was concordant with Topotecan efficacy in the A375 model across a wide dose range from no effect to mouse maximum tolerated dose. Furthermore, another class of topoisomerase I inhibitors (indenoisoquinolines) being developed at the NCI caused a similar PD response to Topotecan (see Hollingshead et al). These results validated the PD assay method and tissue collection SOP as ready for application in early clinical trials of topoisomerase 1 inhibitors such as the indenoisoquinolines as well as other DNA damaging agents. A375 calibrator specimens, and negative and positive control tissues, were devised in order to standardize the quantitation over the duration of the upcoming clinical trials. These PD results from tumor biopsies will be used to explore the relationship to γH2AX responses in surrogate tissues (see Ji et al). Funded by NCI Contract N01-CO-12400.
Developing HR Students’ Skills for Analyzing Work, Identifying Important Employee Attributes, and Building Job-Related HR Processes

This paper details a project designed to give HR students experience in collecting and using job analysis information to design HR processes. The premise of the project is that effective recruitment, selection, training, and performance management can only be accomplished whenthose processes are built from details about what the worker must do, the conditions they must work in, and from that, the specific knowledge, skills, abilities, personality and competencies(KSAOs) needed to succeed. Those attributes can only be identified through systematic job analysis and attribute/competency modeling processes. The project gives students experience in collecting job analysis information, in making inferences about specific KSAOs workers need,and in designing job-related HR processes, including a job description, job specification, ADA accommodation, interview questions, and choice of a job-related selection test.
A randomized pilot trial of a positive affect skill intervention (lessons in linking affect and coping) for women with metastatic breast cancer.

Background We conducted a randomized pilot trial to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a 5 week positive affect skills intervention (LILAC: lessons in linking affect and coping) for women with metastatic breast cancer. Additionally, we examined whether online delivery of the intervention would offer comparable benefits as in-person delivery. Methods Women with metastatic breast cancer (N = 39) were randomized to an in-person intervention, online intervention, or in-person attention-matched control. Psychological well-being (depression [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale], positive and negative affect [Differential Emotions Scale], cancer-specific quality of life [Multidimensional Quality of Life Scale-Cancer Version]), and positive coping (mindfulness, positive-affect skill use, and self-compassion [Self-Compassion Scale: Short-Form]) were assessed at baseline, 1 week post-intervention, and 1 month post-intervention follow-up. Results The LILAC intervention showed good feasibility, acceptability, and retention. Although the study was not adequately powered to detect between-group differences in change on preliminary efficacy outcomes, within-group comparisons revealed that LILAC participants (in-person and online combined) showed reductions in depression and negative affect by the 1 month follow-up (d = -0.81). Notably, LILAC participants fell below the clinical threshold for depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale = 16) by the 1 month follow-up (t[17] = -2.22, P = .04, d = -0.52), whereas control participants did not differ from threshold (t[9] = 0.45, P = .66, d = 0.14). Conclusions The LILAC intervention, regardless of delivery method, shows feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy for promoting psychological well-being in women with metastatic breast cancer. This research provides support for a larger randomized trial to test more definitively the potential benefits of LILAC. A strength of the LILAC intervention includes its innovative focus on positive affect. The efficacy of the online delivery suggests the potential for widespread Internet dissemination.
Methods for Electrochemical Synthesis and Photoelectrochemical Characterization for Photoelectrodes

Electrodeposition is a widely used technique for electrode synthesis in various applications. Because of its low synthesis cost and easy scalability, electrodeposition is particularly attractive for the production of semiconductor and catalyst electrodes for use in solar fuel production. For researchers who are interested in learning about or utilizing electrodeposition, the current paper describes detailed methods for electrodeposition, which include procedures for preparing electrodes and plating solutions, determining deposition conditions, and performing electrodeposition. Postdeposition treatments that can be used to prepare electrodes of more diverse compositions and photodeposition procedures that can be used to place catalyst layers on semiconductor electrodes are also provided. The methods are described using the synthesis and modification of photoelectrodes as an example, but most principles and procedures explained in this paper are general and can be applied to electrodeposition of various ele...
Vapor adsorption on coal- and wood-based chemically activated carbons: (III) NH3 and H2S adsorption in the low relative pressure range

Abstract NH 3 and H 2 S adsorption studies on coal- and wood-based chemically activated carbons were carried out at room temperature using a gravimetric adsorption technique. The adsorption capacity of NH 3 and H 2 S in the very low relative pressure range was independent of the surface area development. Activated carbons with lower surface area generally adsorbed more of these vapors than those with higher surface area. This can be attributed to the presence of smaller average micropore sizes and a greater number of active adsorption sites on the low surface area chemically activated carbons.
A continuum theory of screw dislocation equilibrium

Abstract Large ensembles of screw dislocations can be described by a continuum theory. One such theory was derived from homogenization reasoning by Berdichevsky (International Journal of Engineering Science, 106 , 10-28, 2016). In the paper, this theory is refined by including the corrections of order 1/ N, N being the number of dislocations. The correcting terms are needed for a more accurate computation of energy, which is a small functional of order 1/ N , and in the leading approximation energy is zero. The correcting terms reflect a detailed description of the microstructure and depend on mutual dislocation positions. Comparison with numerical simulations confirms that the improved theory provides correct values of energy of the system.
Efficient and privacy-aware authentication scheme for EVs pre-paid wireless charging services

One of the most promising technologies that will be used for charging Electric Vehicles (EVs) is wireless charging. By employing this technology, an EV is able to charge its battery without the need to stop. The charging stations should authenticate the EVs before allowing them to charge their batteries. Traditional digital signature reveals the real identity of the driver and degrades the location privacy. In this paper, we propose an efficient privacy-preserving authentication scheme for EVs wireless charging scenario. Our objective is not only to enable the EVs and the charging station to perform mutual authentication but to protect the privacy of the drivers without the need of a Third Trusted Party (TTP). The EVs use blind signature for authentication with the charging station to protect their privacy. Then, they use hash chains to authenticate themselves to the charging pads which are limited constraint devices. The verification of a hash chain requires performing simple hash operations which is computationally cheap and light-weight. The communication between the EVs and the charging station is secured by establishing an encrypted session. Our extensive evaluations demonstrate that our scheme preserves the drivers' privacy while mutually authenticate the EVs and the charging pads with low communication and computation overhead.
GeoCorpora: building a corpus to test and train microblog geoparsers

ABSTRACTIn this article, we present the GeoCorpora corpus building framework and software tools as well as a geo-annotated Twitter corpus built with these tools to foster research and development in the areas of microblog/Twitter geoparsing and geographic information retrieval. The developed framework employs crowdsourcing and geovisual analytics to support the construction of large corpora of text in which the mentioned location entities are identified and geolocated to toponyms in existing geographical gazetteers. We describe how the approach has been applied to build a corpus of geo-annotated tweets that will be made freely available to the research community alongside this article to support the evaluation, comparison and training of geoparsers. Additionally, we report lessons learned related to corpus construction for geoparsing as well as insights about the notions of place and natural spatial language that we derive from application of the framework to building this corpus.
Effects of Peer Support Arrangements Across Instructional Formats and Environments for Students With Severe Disabilities

Peer support arrangements are an evidence-based practice for increasing interactions between students with severe disabilities and their peers in general education classrooms, but it is unclear how...
Counter-narratives of coping and becoming: Karen refugee women’s inside/outside figured worlds

AbstractThe purpose of our research is to understand the socially and culturally constructed architecture within which refugee women produce and negotiate identity. This ethnographic case study discusses findings from data collected through participant observation and informal interviews in two refugee camps along the Thai-Burma border. As Karen refugee women described their positionality within and negotiation between the socially constructed Inside and Outside Figured Worlds of the refugee camp, they depict the negotiation of a hybrid Third Space. Created at the intersection of the refugee camp structures that dominate individual agency and the discourses of gender and displacement that influence the social practices of women, this third space is characterized by the response strategies Karen women engage to support individual, family, and community health. Within the transformational spaces that refugee women constructed, the processes of coping and becoming reflected the relationship between structure...
The role of SST variability in the simulation of the MJO

The sensitivity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation to high-frequency variability (period 1–5 days) of sea surface temperature (SST) is investigated using numerical experiments with the super-parameterized Community Climate System Model. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of air–sea interactions in the simulation of the MJO, and stress the necessity of an accurate representation of ocean variability on short time scales. Eliminating 1–5-day variability of surface boundary forcing reduces the intraseasonal variability (ISV) of the tropics during the boreal winter. The ISV spectrum becomes close to the red noise background spectrum. The variability of atmospheric circulation shifts to longer time scales. In the absence of high-frequency variability of SST the MJO power gets confined to wavenumbers 1–2 and the magnitude of westward power associated with Rossby waves increases. The MJO convective activity propagating eastward from the Indian Ocean does not cross the Maritime Continent, and convection in the western Pacific Ocean is locally generated. In the Indian Ocean convection tends to follow the meridional propagation of SST anomalies. The response of the MJO to 1–5-day variability in the SST is through the charging and discharging mechanisms contributing to the atmospheric column moist static energy before and after peak MJO convection. Horizontal advection and surface fluxes show the largest sensitivity to SST perturbations.
Do All Acute Stroke Patients Receiving tPA Require ICU Admission

Background: Limited resources warrant investigating models for predicting which stroke tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) patients benefit from admission to neurologic intensive care unit (neuroICU). Methods: This model classifies patients who on day 1 of their ICU admission are predicted to receive one or more of 30 subsequent active life supporting treatments. Two groups of patients were compared: low risk monitor (LRM) (patients who did not receive active treatment (AT) on the first day and whose risk of ever receiving active treatment was ≤ 10%) and AT (patients who received at least one treatment on any day of their ICU admission). Results: Compared to LRM group (21 patients), AT group (59 patients) had similar age (75 ± 13 vs. 72 ± 17, P = 0.4), similar gender (male: 56% vs. 52%, P = 0.8), similar National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS, 16 ± 9 vs. 14 ± 8, P = 0.4), and higher Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III scores (62 ± 26 vs. 41 ± 15, P = 0.0008). Compared to LRM group, AT group had longer ICU length of stay (4.5 ± 4.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.3, P = 0.04), higher ICU mortality (22% vs. 4.7% (one patient DNR/hospice); OR: 5.6; 95% CI: 0.7 - 46.0; P = 0.1), and higher hospital mortality (36% vs. 4.7%; OR: 11; 95% CI: 1.4 - 88.0; P = 0.02). Conclusion: The outcome of LRM patients with stroke post-tPA suggests that they may not require admission to a formal neuroICU, improving resource use and reducing costs. J Clin Med Res. 2018;10(3):174-177 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr3283w
Rheological Characteristics of 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) Dispersions: A Guide for Processing MXenes

Understanding the rheological properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials in suspension is critical for the development of various solution processing and manufacturing techniques. 2D carbides and nitrides (MXenes) constitute one of the largest families of 2D materials with >20 synthesized compositions and applications already ranging from energy storage to medicine to optoelectronics. However, in spite of a report on clay-like behavior, not much is known about their rheological response. In this study, rheological behavior of single- and multilayer Ti3C2Tx in aqueous dispersions was investigated. Viscous and viscoelastic properties of MXene dispersions were studied over a variety of concentrations from colloidal dispersions to high loading slurries, showing that a multilayer MXene suspension with up to 70 wt % can exhibit flowability. Processing guidelines for the fabrication of MXene films, coatings, and fibers have been established based on the rheological properties. Surprisingly, high viscosity was ...
Chinese Post80s Generational Resilience: Chengyu (成语) as Communicative Resources for Adaptation and Change:

The combined forces of China’s reforms, resurgent traditional values, and problematic labor market have led the Chinese Post80s generation to reconstruct their careers. Drawing on 33 in-depth inter...
A 3-Step Process to Estimate Phenylalanine in Commercial Foods for PKU Management

Phenylalanine (Phe) is a key nutrient in the dietary management of the metabolic disease phenylketonuria (PKU). To give more freedom to PKU patients, we propose a numerical process to estimate the Phe content of a commercial food using the information printed on the label (Nutritional Fact Label and ordered ingredient list). The process is amenable to implementation as a smart phone/Web app and could be integrated into a personalized dietary management software. Our tests show that the results are very accurate (±13 mg per serving) in the vast majority of foods considered. Our approach can be modified to handle any other amino acid for the management of other inborn errors of metabolism. A similar approach can also be used for improving the precision (i.e., increasing the quantization resolution) of the nutrients already listed (e.g., protein).
Calories and Cancer: The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1

The poem “On the Nature of Things,” written around 55 bc by Titus Lucretius Carus, is considered to be the first published statement about the potential impact of the overconsumption of food on risk of chronic diseases such as cancer (Lucretius 2008). This apparent connection between excess calorie intake and cancer began to develop into a working hypothesis in the mid-to-late 1800s, following the writings of John Hughes Bennett (1849) and William Lambe (1850). The first tests of the hypothesis that a calorie restriction (CR) dietary regimen can suppress tumors in animal models were reported in 1909 by Moreschi (1909) and extended by Sweet et al. in (1913) and Peyton Rous in (1914). These investigators showed that a low-calorie diet, relative to ad libitum (AL)-fed controls, inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors in mice. Intense interest in the comparison of CR versus AL-fed animals developed in the 1930s, when McCay and Crowell showed that reduced energy intake also increased lifespan in rodents (1934). CR research was further catalyzed by Tannenbaum et al., who consistently showed that the incidence of tumors in mice decreased when food intake was reduced (1944).
Polycrystalline Steel Whiskers of Very High Strength

ABSTRACT Polycrystalline iron whiskers containing 1.5 w/o C and 0.8 0 have an extraordinary ultimate tensile strength between 6 and 8 GPa. Their microstructure has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction techniques. It has been found that the whiskers consist of α-Fe grains between 5 nm and 30 nm in diameter which do not have sharp boundaries but are separated by a wide boundary region. A microdispersion of α-Fe, Fe3O4, Fe3O, α-Fe2O3 and carbon is prevalent throughout the whisker volume. Again, no sharp phase Boundaries seem to exist which would imply a transitional region between second phase particles characterized by a concentration gradient and mixed covalent and metal bonding. It is concluded that a new strengthening mechanism for alloys is responsible for the mechanical properties of CVD produced steel whiskers. This mechanism requires a grain size below 30 nm, non-planar grain boundaries and a microdispersion of particles of iron oxides, iron carbides and carbon. Also, the covalent/metallie bonding mix within the transition region between the minute second phase particles and the α-Fe matrix is considered an essential component of the strengthening mechanism.
Marson, Izabel Andrade. Política, história e método em Joaquim Nabuco: tessituras da revolução e da escravidão. EDUFU, 2008.

Over the last five years, a small group of academic dissertations have returned to studies of Joaquim Nabuco, offering new angles of analysis to situate and contextualize this statesman and abolitionist’s life and writings. Izabel Andrade Marson’s Politica, historia e metodo em Joaquim Nabuco: tessituras da revolucao e da escravidao , a revised version of her tese de livre-docencia for the Department of History of UNICAMP, focuses on Nabuco’s analysis of “revolution” and “slavery” in Um Estadista no Imperio and O Abolicionismo , as well as his trajectory as a politician and historian, providing perspective on the formulation and revision of his interpretations over time and according to situation.
Redesigning a Fall Prevention Program in Acute Care: Building on Evidence

Through education, frontline nurse involvement, and redesigning fall prevention approach, hourly rounding was promoted as a proactive falls prevention strategy with the goal of decreasing falls and promoting patient safety, health, and comfort. Nurses in health care organizations increase patient safety and reduce patient falls in the hospital setting through hourly rounding with a purpose. Current practices must be redesigned to ensure that acute care fall prevention initiatives are consistent and transformational.
Isolation of Pyranocoumarins from Angelica Gigas

A mixture of diastereomers of the coumarin glycoside 3′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3′,4′-dihydroxanthyletin (1), along with six known pyranocoumarins, columbianoside (4), marmesin (5), 3′-hydroxy-3′,4′-d...
Analysis of the Association Between Adverse Events and Outcome in Patients Receiving a Programmed Death Protein 1 or Programmed Death Ligand 1 Antibody

PURPOSETo assess the relationship among tumor response rate, overall survival, and the development of related adverse events of special interest (AESIs) or related immune-mediated adverse events (i...
Moisture susceptibility evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt: combined effect of traffic and moisture

To date, most of the studies to evaluate moisture susceptibility of hot mix asphalt have been carried out by quantifying the degradation of the mix properties due to conditioning that simulates the action of moisture in the field. There is a need for research on the identification of moisture susceptible mixes which show the material loss in the wheel-path under the combined action of traffic and moisture. The objective of this study was to simulate and analyze the moisture induced material loss, and also to identify a mix with the potential of moisture induced material loss that has shown damage in the field but not under regular testing in the laboratory. The Moisture Induced Stress Tester (MIST), Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), Dynamic Modulus in Indirect tensile mode, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), and Model Mobile Load Simulator (MMLS3) tests were utilized in the study. The effluent from the MIST was checked for the gradation of dislodged aggregates and the Dissolved Organic Carbon content. The results from the effluent analysis showed the loss of material and aggregate breakage from a moisture susceptible mix. A similar type of losses from the mix was also evident from MMLS3 loading under wet-hot conditions. The results of the mix mechanical properties showed that the use of MIST in combination with UPV or ITS is ab le to identify moisture susceptible mixes, in particular for mixes with the potential of aggregate breakage.