cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mental health intake assessments from a biopsychosocial perspective

Abstract Psychotherapists’ approach to intake assessment has a major impact on mental health case conceptualization and treatment. Despite its importance, little is known about therapists’ actual assessment practices. This appears to be the first study to investigate which aspects of biopsychosocial functioning are documented by therapists in their intake assessments, how thoroughly these issues are assessed, and how well the information collected is integrated into the assessment findings. The study found that therapists regularly collect information regarding a wide range of biopsychosocial issues, though not in a detailed or comprehensive manner, nor a manner designed to maximize treatment effectiveness.
It's not where you do it, it's who you do it with?

Individuals often recreate with others, but models of recreation-site choice (which ski area, climbing route, golf course, or bike trail) ignore the social aspect—a trait they share with most choice models. Site-choice models seek to explain site choice as a function of only the cost of visiting each site, the physical characteristics of the sites, income, and other characteristics of the individual. They ignore the influence of others on site choice. We find, using choice experiments, that having a companion and the companion's relative ability are critical determinants of site choice—what social psychology would predict. One will often choose a site less preferred in terms of its costs and characteristics if one has a companion of one's ability at the lesser site but not at the better site. Companions of comparable ability are preferred over companions that are better or worse. And, importantly, how one values the physical characteristics of sites depends on whether one has a companion. The magnitudes of our estimated companion effects suggest recreation-demand models that ignore them, all do, omit a critical endogenous variable. An implication is that observed trip patterns can be generated by social-interaction game playing (“where I go depends on where you go and …”), not utility maximization in isolation. This paper does not model the game; it estimates a recreator's utility/reaction function with companion effects, showing the importance of the social component.
TWO SAMPLE COMPARISON FOR LARGE GROUPS OF CORRELATED BINARY RESPONSES

Although there is much literature on testing the treatment effect in experiments with correlated binary outcomes, the existing methodologies only work well when the cluster size is small. In this paper, I propose a simple method to test the treatment effect in experiments with large groups of correlated binary outcomes. I use the weighted estimating equations approach to estimate the treatment effect. The proposal is appropriate under any correlation structure. Power comparisons show the advantage of the new procedure.
Identification and expression of mouse netrin-4.

Abstract Netrins are secreted proteins that serve as potent axon guidance molecules in vertebrates and invertebrates. We report the identification of a novel mammalian member of this family. Netrin-4 is similar in predicted size and secondary structure to the other three netrins; all contain, in order, an amino-terminal signal sequence, a laminin-type globular domain of the ‘VI’ type, three laminin-type epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats, and a carboxyl-terminal ‘netrin module’. In terms of primary sequence, however, netrin-4 is a distant relative of netrins-1–3, and its globular domain is more closely related to those of laminins than to those of other netrins. Netrin-4 is broadly expressed in both neural and non-neural tissues of embryonic and adult mice. In embryonic spinal cord, it is selectively expressed by cells at the lateral margins of the floor plate. In postnatal brain, it is selectively expressed in subsets of neurons, including cerebellar granule and hippocampal pyramidal cells.
Fitting Analytical Techniques to Prehistoric Problems with Lithic Data

Nine components from four prehistoric sites in the Lower Illinois Valley of Illinois have recently been subjected to intensive lithic analyses. This paper constitutes an appraisal of the success of various approaches on each of five types of question. Issues include: 1) permanence of occupation; 2) tool manufacture; 3) conservation of lithic material; 4) use of tools of different raw materials; and 5) other use-oriented considerations such as form-function correspondences and the functional composition of debitage. No one technique emerges any more helpful than the others, for the appropriate analytical mode is dependent on the question asked; a breadth of concerns necessitates a broad range of technical responses.
ADMISSIONS CRITERIA AND LATER PERFORMANCE: GRADUATE RECORD EXAM, MILLER'S ANALOGIES, AND GPA AS PREDICTORS OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY

The Graduate Record Exam, Miller's Analogies, and GPA have long been used as composite parts of admissions requirements to graduate schools in psychology. Questions have been raised about the predi...
Correlation between solid-state reaction and electrical properties of the Rh/GaAs Schottky contact

The solid‐state reactions between (100) GaAs substrates and Rh films ∼150 A and ∼600 A thick, annealed at temperatures between 300 and 800 °C, are investigated with conventional and heavy ion Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, and x‐ray diffraction. Initiation of interface reactions between the Rh films and the GaAs substrate is observed at ∼300 °C. Laterally segregated RhGa, RhAs, and RhAs2 phases are detected for the 150‐A Rh/GaAs contact annealed in the temperature range of 300–700 °C. For thick Rh film (∼600 A) on GaAs, vertical phase separation between the RhGa and the Rh‐As phases is observed after annealing. After annealing at 700 °C for 20 min, the reaction between the 600‐A Rh film and GaAs is complete and a layer sequence of RhGa/RhAs2/GaAs results. Electrical properties of Rh/n‐GaAs diodes are measured using the current voltage dependence. A correlation between the electrical behavior and the metallurgical reaction is observed.
Inheritance of knowledge in neural networks via symbolic algebra

The theme is that of `inheritance' and the use of symbolic algebra to implement it. The notion of inheriting knowledge between networks is crucial since training a network can be exceedingly slow. Partial information acquired through long experience (learning epochs) should be `transferrable.' A technique using the notion of `gluing' networks has been pioneered by Alex Waibel of CMU. However, this technique cannot be considered true inheritance since the component networks are trained on similar but different subtasks that are later `concatenated.' The approach presented here is based on the observation that even when the problem is not separable, one can get a reasonable performance out of a 2 layer network. Its training is fast and its only minimum is often below that of many of the local minima of the corresponding multi-layer networks. After training such a net, if one can transfer the knowledge to a multi-layer net, not only would one have saved valuable training time, but one would have avoided many of the local minima associated with the multi-layer network. Training can then proceed with the task of the multi-layer net reduced to improving the performance of the 2-layer net, instead of having to start from scratch. Equations corresponding to this approach are derived. They can be written for specific topologies and solved exactly (toys) or approximately (larger problems) using symbolic algebra.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Pyridoxine Deficiency in Hyperthyroidism.

SummaryThe occurrence of pyridoxine deficiency was determined in 14 patients with hyperthyroidism and 14 control euthyroid patients by the tryptophan load test. Urinary xanthurenic acid excretion following the tryptophan load test was significantly greater in hyperthyroid patients than in controls. Mean excretion of xanthurenic acid in hyperthyroid cases was 71.9 mg/24 hr with standard deviation of 56.0. Mean xanthurenic acid excretion of control cases was 15.4 with standard deviation of 6.1. After pyridoxine administration, mean xanthurenic acid excretion was 13.2 with standard deviation of 8.7 in the hyperthyroid cases, while in the control group, xanthurenic acid excretion was 12.5 with standard deviation of 5.2. Since pyridoxine is required for orderly catabolism of tryptophan and pyridoxine corrected this metabolic aberration, it is not unreasonable to state that in hyperthyroidism, the availability of pyridoxine is limited. Until the actual significance of these findings becomes more clearly defined...
Smoothing errors in micromagnetic calculations

Abstract Errors resulting from approximating the atomic crystalline medium with a continuous medium are explored. Vortices which occur in real materials are not permitted in smoothed micromagnetic calculations, but occur incorrectly in numerical calculations due to discretization. Some corrections are suggested. A method is proposed to permit large angles and multiple twists in intermediate steps of the calculations.
The enzymatic degradation of yeast nucleic acid by normal rat liver tissue

Die Befunde zeigen, dass am Abbau von Hefenukleinsaure durch Rattenleberextrakte zwei Fermente wirksam sind:a) eine Ribonuklease, welche 3-Nukleotide als Spaltprodukte liefert, undb) eine Phosphodiesterase, welche zyklische Nukleotide zu 2-Nukleotiden abbant.
Space Borne Event Timer

The Space Borne Event Timer is a part of the NASA laser ranging system that is intended to operate aboard the Space Shuttle orbiting over California. The object is to measure, by laser ranging, the earth movement along the San Andreas fault and possibly forecast future earthquakes. A number of cube reflector targets will be placed along both sides of the fault. The ranging system aboard the Space Shuttle will fire a burst of laser pulses at each target and detect the reflected light. Time differences between pulses from the two sides of the fault will indicate earth displacements. The Space Borne Event Timer is a CAMAC compatible system that provides extremely accurate timing data and controls the operation of the ranging system. For each event the time is given in 19.53 increments from the instant of firing the laser to the instant the reflected light is received back, within a range of 130 days.
Roles of the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems in the response of the female hamster to young.

A series of experiments was undertaken to investigate the roles of the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems in the response of the female golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) to pups. Upon first encountering hamster pups, virgin females are either maternal or cannibalistic. Radical bulbectomy, which disrupts both the main and accessory bulbs, reduced maternal behavior, pup killing, and nest building. Many animals neither killed nor carried pups following radical bulbectomy, and some previously maternal animals attacked pups after bulbectomy. The effects of bulbectomies were not reproduced by peripheral deafferentations (sensory loss only) of the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems. After vomeronasal nerve cuts (VNNC) most killers became carriers and built better nests than before deafferentation. Zinc sulfate treatment (main olfactory system sensory loss) alone had little effect, but when combined with transection of the vomeronasal nerves, it converted to carriers those killers that had continued to kill after VNNC. Because none of these procedures affected cricket killing, the treatments that reduced pup killing appear to be stimulus rather than response related. The behavior pattern displayed during cricket killing was similar to that observed during pup killing.
Comparative modeling of a GABAA alpha1 receptor using three crystal structures as templates

We built a model of a GABAA alpha1 receptor (GABAAR) that combines the ligand binding (LBD) and the transmembrane domains (TMD). We used six steps: (1) a four-alpha helical bundle in the crystal structure of bovine cytochrome c oxidase (2OCC) was identified as a template for the TMD of a single subunit. (2) The five pore-forming alpha helices of a bacterial mechanosensitive channel (1MSL) served as a template for the pentameric ion channel. (3) Five copies of the tetrameric template from 2OCC were superimposed on 1MSL to produce a homopentamer containing 20 alpha helices arranged around a funnel-shaped central pore. (4) Five copies of the GABAAR sequence were threaded onto the alpha-helical segments of this template and inter-helical loops were generated to produce the TMD model. (5) A model of the LBD was built by threading the aligned sequence of GABAAR onto the crystal structure of the acetylcholine binding protein (1I9B). (6) The models of the LBD and the TMD were aligned along a common five-fold axis, moved together along that axis until in vdW contact, merged, and then optimized with restrained molecular dynamics. Our model corresponds closely with recently published coordinates of the acetylcholine receptor (1OED) but also explains additional features. Our model reveals structures of loops that were not visible in the cryoelectron micrograph and satisfies most labeling and mutagenesis data. It also suggests mechanisms for ligand binding transduction, ion selectivity, and anesthetic binding.
Sensitivity enhancement of a spin-flip Raman laser absorption spectrometer through use of an intracavity absorption cell

Gas-phase molecular spectroscopy is performed with a cw, external-cavity spin-flip Raman laser containing an intracavity absorption cell. Significantly enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated under marginal oscillator conditions obtained by decreasing the laser gain to a level comparable with the absorption loss of the cell. Spectra of nitric oxide and carbonyl sulfide are discussed to illustrate the performance achieved.
Vacillations induced by interference of stationary and traveling planetary waves

The interference pattern created when a traveling planetary wave propagates over a stationary forced wave is explored. Interference leads to a modulation of all the transport properties of the stationary wave even if the traveling wave is barotropic, as is typical in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. In so doing, the steady uniform stream of wave activity associated with the stationary wave is organized into a series of capsules or wavepackets which propagate with time. Consequently, the signature emerges locally as a series of bursts of wave activity. Rising values of Eliassen-Palm flux at the leading edge of these wavepackets and opposite behavior at the trailing edge induce an alternating mean flow response which captures several aspects of the observed behavior of quasi-periodic disturbances. Synoptic patterns of geopotential and Ertel potential vorticity also resemble behavior observed during disturbed conditions.
SECOND-HARMONIC SPECTROSCOPY OF GE/SI(001) AND SI1-XGEX(001)/SI(001)

Ge0.1(001)/Si(001) films with SH photon energies 3.1<2hν<3.5 eV near the bulk E1 critical point of Si(001) or Si0.9Ge0.1(001). Ge was deposited on Si(001) by using atomic layer epitaxy cycles with GeH4 or Ge2H6 deposition at 410 K followed by hydrogen desorption. As Ge coverage increased from 0 to 2 monolayers the SH signal increased uniformly by a factor of seven with no detectable shift in the silicon E1 resonant peak position. SH signals from Si0.9Ge0.1(001)/Si(001) were also stronger than those from intrinsic Si(001). Hydrogen termination of the Si0.9Ge0.1(001) and Ge/Si(001) surfaces strongly quenched the SH signals, which is similar to the reported trend on H/Si(001). We attribute the stronger signals from Ge-containingsurfaces to the stronger SH polarizability of asymmetric Ge-Si and Ge-Ge dimers compared to Si-Si dimers. Hydrogen termination symmetrizes all dimers, thus quenching the SH polarizability of all of the surfaces investigated.
Environmental effects consideration: A case study - Lessons learned

This paper discusses the importance for serious consideration of environmental effects and associated risks by management early in the development cycle of a facility. A case study on the Space Shuttle provides information with regard to some of the environmental effects issues encountered and the lesson learned. The importance of early management action to enable the acceptance of known environmental risks, or to make program adjustments to avoid their potential consequences, is emphasized.
TREATMENT OF SEXUAL UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN THE HUMAN MALE WITH THE ANTERIOR-PITUITARY-LIKE HORMONE (A.P.L.) OF PREGNANCY URINE1

The effects of non-descent of the testis have been clearly presented by Moore (1) whose work has established the fact that testes in most mammals can not develop properly unless they lie free in the scrotum. He has shown experimentally that the germinal epithelium of the testis undergoes degeneration when placed in the abdomen and that recovery takes place when the testis is returned to the scrotum. In man the case seems to be similar to that of animals. Wangensteen (2) working on dogs and man concluded that undescended testes remained normal until puberty and showed degenerative changes only after this period. Cooper (3) differed, being of the opinion that testis outside the scrotum after the age of 2½ to 3 years suffer a reduction in the number and size of the tubules with an increase in the intervening stroma. He found that the sooner the testis was placed in its normal position,the better the chance for normal function.
Synthesis and Properties of Multiarmed Geminis.

Three families of multiarmed and multicationic gemini surfactants, having pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, or adamantane cores, were synthesized and examined for their colloidal properties in wa...
A small deletion distant from a splice or polyadenylation site dramatically alters pre-mRNA processing in region E3 of adenovirus.

Abstract The E3 complex transcription unit of adenovirus encodes overlapping mRNAs (a to i) with different exon structures. The major mRNAs are a (approximately 40% of the total) and c (approximately 15%), which are spliced once, and f (approximately 15%) and h (approximately 25%), which are spliced twice. mRNA a uses the upstream E3A polyadenylation site, and the other mRNAs use the downstream E3B polyadenylation site. We analyzed virus deletion mutants to identify sequences important in alternative pre-mRNA processing in region E3. Our main finding is that a 64-base-pair deletion in dl742 causes mainly mRNAs f and h to be formed. mRNAs a and c are barely made. dl742 does not delete either a splice site or a polyadenylation site. Thus, the sequences deleted must function in alternative pre-mRNA processing independently of the signals at the actual splice and polyadenylation sites. The lack of synthesis of mRNA a by dl742 does not appear to result from a defect in the E3A polyadenylation signal but rather from an increase in splicing activity which results in the synthesis of doubly spliced mRNAs f and h at the expense of singly spliced mRNAs a and c. This suggests, in the wild-type situation, that the frequency of use of the E3A versus the E3B polyadenylation site may be determined by the rate of splicing, as well as, presumably, the rate of cleavage-polyadenylation at the E3A site.
Dual switched mode power converter

A dual power converter is introduced which addresses the problem of output ripple and switching losses in a switched power converter. One stage of the power converter is a conventional PWM (pulse-width modulated) converter, and the other stage is a linear source. The linear source controls the voltage directly, and the output current of the linear stage is used to generate the control signal for the switching stage. This scheme is modeled as a two-stage control system, and the overall response is obtained in terms of the individual transfer functions. The PWM converter supplies most of the current, while the linear source supplies the reverse of the ripple current. Two DC-to-DC buck converters have been designed and implemented, giving excellent ripple suppression and high efficiency at very low switching frequencies. >
An adenoviral vector can transfer lacZ expression into schwann cells in culture and in sciatic nerve

Although a number of genetic defects in the PO, peripheral myelin protein-22, and connexin-32 genes recently were shown to cause the demyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, there is yet no effective treatment for these patients. Recent studies showed that replication defective adenoviral vectors can efficiently introduce genes into muscle, brain, lung, and other tissues, suggesting that this vector system may be useful for the treatment of a number of genetic diseases. In this work, we demonstrated that a replication deficient adenovirus expressing the Escherichia coli β-galactosidase gene (AdCMVLacZ) can introduce genes into Schwann cells, in culture as well as in sciatic nerve. Schwann cells cultured at a multiplicity of infection of 250 :1 did not demonstrate cytopathic effects. Following injection of AdCMVLacZ into sciatic nerve of rats, lacZ-expressing, myelinating Schwann cells could be detected for at least 45 days. These data suggest that in the future, these vectors may be useful both in perturbing Schwann cell gene expression and in designing therapies for the treatment of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
On the spectrum and Martin boundary of homogeneous spaces

Given a conservative, spatially homogeneous Markov process X on an homogeneous spaces 5f, we show that if the bottom of the spectrum of the generator of X is zero then the Martin boundary of ~ contains a unique point fixed by the isometry group of ~.
Using Imagined Interactions to Predict Covert Narcissism

This research examined the association between covert narcissism and imagined interactions, a type of social cognition and intrapersonal communication using the hypersensitive narcissism scale and the Survey of Imagined Interactions. Covert narcissism defined as hypersensitivity to criticism and overcompensating with inflated self exaggeration has been ignored in communication and in psychology. A regression analysis based on 252 participants revealed support for hypotheses demonstrating associations between frequency, self-dominance, ruminating about conflict and narcissism as well as significant associations between lack of compensation, relational maintenance, and covert narcissism. Results are discussed in terms of an intrapersonal communication profile of covert narcissism.
Spontaneous emission and gain in a waveguide free-electron laser

A free-electron laser (FEL) enclosed in a waveguide of narrowly spaced parallel plates has been proposed as a compact, coherent source of far-infrared radiation. The spontaneous emission and small-signal gain of such a device are analyzed. Maxwell's equations are solved for the fields of a relativistic electron beam passing through a linearly polarized undulator in the presence of a parallel-plane waveguide. The radiation intensity is resolved into its component waveguide modes for the fundamental frequency and for all harmonics. The intensity profile in a given harmonic mode is altered significantly when a parameter involving the undulator period, beam energy, and transverse dimension of the guide is such that the radiation group velocity is close to the electrons' axial velocity. The small-signal gain in the waveguide FEL is calculated and related to the spontaneous emission. Near zero slip, the gain curve is significantly different from that of a free-space FEL with the same parameters. >
Designing a frame: rhetorical strategies of architects

Summary We examine the rhetorical strategy of architects in widely available architectural texts, to identify what words are available for use in the cultural register. Our results show that these cultural register texts use distinct but related rhetorics; vocabularies of competency that are revealed through clusters of keywords and which capture institutional logics of business, profession and state. We then examine how architect firms use these keywords as rhetorical strategies when competing for projects from clients. Our results reveal that architect firms deploy multivalent keywords—keywords that bridge institutional logics with the same word having multiple meanings—and combine pragmatically unique keywords from distinct logics, allowing them to appeal to multiple, diverse interests in their audiences. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of Likelihood and Entropy for Toeplitz Constrained Covariance Estimation

For the class of likelihood problems resulting from a complete-incomplete data specification in which the complete-data x are nonuniquely determined by the measured incomplete-data y via some many-to-one set of mappings y=h(x), it is shown that the density which maximizes entropy is identical to the conditional density of the complete data given the incomplete data which would be derived via rules of conditional probability. It is precisely this identity between the maxent density and the conditional density which results in the fact that maximum-likelihood estimation problems may be solved via an iterative joint-maximization of the sum of the entropy plus expected log-likelihood. It is demonstrated that for the problem of spectrum estimation from finite data sets, this view results in the derivation of the maximum- likelihood estimates of the Toeplitz constrained covariance parameters via an iterative maximization of the likelihood function.
Modeling Ascending and Descending Stairs Using the Human Motion Simulation Framework

The Human Motion Simulation Framework (Framework) is a hierarchical set of algorithms for predicting and analyzing task-oriented human motion. The Framework was developed to improve the performance of commercial human modeling software by increasing the accuracy of predicted motions and the speed of generating simulations. This paper presents the addition of stair ascending and descending to the Transition Stepping and Timing (Transit) model, a component of the Framework that predicts gait and acyclic stepping.
First-arrival traveltime calculation for anisotropic media

Huygens’s principle is used to derive a method for calculating first arrival traveltimes in anisotropic media. Numerical results for several transverse isotropic (TI) models show that calculated Huygens traveltimes are in good agreement with traveltimes computed by a finite‐difference solution to the anisotropic wave equation. This Huygens method is stable and accurate for the test models and so it may be useful in anisotropic data inversion and wave propagation visualization.
The ubiquitin‐mediated proteolytic pathway and mechanisms of energy‐dependent intracellular protein degradation

In this review we briefly describe the lysosomal system, consider the evidence for multiplicity of protein degradation pathways in vivo, discuss in detail the ubiquitin-mediated pathway of intracellular ATP-dependent protein degradation, and also the possible significance of ubiquitin-histone conjugates in chromatin. For detailed discussions of the various characteristics and physiological roles of intracellular protein breakdown, the reader is referred to earlier reviews [1-7] and reports of recent symposia [8-10]. Information on the ubiquitin system prior to 1981 was described in an earlier review [11]. Hershko has briefly reviewed more recent information [12].
Online PPST Preparation for the Pacific

The PRAXIS I® PPST exam is widely used as an entry requirement to teacher preparation programs, and as such represents a barrier for some to enter the teaching profession. Preparation programs have successfully increased student success rates on the PPST. A new online preparatory program is available through the University of Hawai'i-Mānoa (UHM), including diagnostic pretests and individually tailored content delivery paths in math, reading, and writing. By partnering with Pacific Resources for Education and Learning (PREL), the College of Education at UHM has made this system available to Pacific nations. Participants evidence a preference for preparing in one or two of the PPST content areas rather than all three. Availability of individual content preparation systems has been made available to encourage student use. An improved licensure rate based on successful PPST completion is expected in response to system availability.
The teaching of electromagnetics

A discussion is presented of the history of the teaching of Maxwell's formulation of electromagnetic theory in universities, some questions of content and order, useful analogies and teaching aids to clarify the concepts, and the growing importance of computational approaches to the subject. >
Does Depression Screening Have an Effect on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Disorders in General Medical Settings? An Instrumental Variable Analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey:

This study examined the association of depression screening with the diagnoses of mood disorders and prescription of antidepressants in 73,712 visits to nonpsychiatrist physician offices drawn from the 2005-2007 U.S. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Physicians used depression screening selectively for patients whom they perceived as more likely to have a mood disorder. In bivariate probit analyses with instrumental variables, depression screening did not increase the prevalence of either mood disorder diagnoses or prescription of antidepressants. However, screening was associated with lower rates of antidepressants prescription without a diagnosis of a mood disorder. In visits in which antidepressants were prescribed, 47.4% of the screened visits compared with 16.3% of nonscreened visits had a mood disorder diagnosis. As currently practiced in medical settings, depression screening may help improve targeting and appropriate use of antidepressant medications. Wider use of depression screening may h...
Stroke secondary to calcific bicuspid aortic valve: Case report and literature review

Summary Background Aortic valve calcification is common in rheumatic endocarditis, elderly patients, and congenital bicuspid aortic valve. It is not a recognized risk factor for stroke. We report a case of non-calcific embolization from calcified bicuspid aortic valve. Methods A 52-year-old male with bicuspid aortic valve presented with aphasia and right arm weakness of less than 3 h duration. CT head revealed hypodensity in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) distribution and laboratory testing showed factor V leiden heterozygosity. The patient improved after intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), but developed recurrence of right sided hemiparesis and silent myocardial infarction (MI). Cerebral angiography revealed clot in the left MCA. The patient received t-PA followed by transcatheter clot retrieval and was started on anticoagulation. Conclusions Embolization from calcific bicuspid aortic valves can lead to stroke and MI. Conservative management with anticoagulation for treatment of associated poststagnation thrombosis or aortic valve replacement as treatment is debatable. This patient was successfully managed with anticoagulation.
Predictor@Home: a "protein structure prediction supercomputer" based on public-resource computing

Predicting the structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence is a complex process the understanding of which could be used to gain new insight into the nature of protein function or provide targets for structure-based design of drugs to treat new and existing diseases. While protein structures can be accurately modeled using computational methods based on all atom physics-based force fields including implicit solvation, these methods require extensive sampling of native-like protein conformations for successful prediction, and consequently they are often limited by inadequate computing power. To address this problem, we developed Predictor@Home, a "structure prediction supercomputer" powered by the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) framework and based on the public-resource computing paradigm (i.e., volunteered computing resources interconnected to the Internet and owned by the public). In this paper, we describe the protocol we employed for protein structure prediction and the integration of these methods into a public-resource architecture. We show how Predictor@Home significantly improved our ability to predict protein structure by increasing our sampling capacity by 1-2.5 orders of magnitude.
A fuzzy-set-based Reconstructed Phase Space method for identification of temporal patterns in complex time series

The new time series data mining framework proposed in this paper applies Reconstructed Phase Space (RPS) to identify temporal patterns that are characteristic and predictive of significant events in a complex time series. The new framework utilizes the fuzzy set and the Gaussian-shaped membership function to define temporal patterns in the time-delay embedding phase space. The resulting objective function represents not only the overall value of the event function, but also the weight of the vector in the temporal pattern cluster to which it contributes. Also, the new objective function is continuously differentiate so the gradient descent optimization such as quasiNewton's method can be applied to search the optimal temporal patterns with much faster speed of convergence. The computational stability is significantly improved over the genetic algorithm originally used in our early framework. A new simple but effective two-step optimization strategy is proposed which further improves the search performance. Another significant contribution is the use of mutual information and false neighbors methods to estimate the time delay and the phase space dimension. We also implemented two experimental applications to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new framework with comparisons to the original framework and to the neural network prediction approach.
Divorce and Female Remarriage Mobility: Data on Marriage Matches After Divorce for White Women

Remarriage mobility for women was investigated by comparing the occupational status of their first and second husbands using data from the 1970 National Fertility Study. The basic analysis cross-classified the occupations of the womens first and second husbands using six occupational categories. Results indicated that about one-half of the women were upwardly one-fifth downwardly and the remainder non-mobile. Women with and without children in their first marriage showed the same patterns of remarriage mobility. The results were interpreted as giving some support for Farbers claim of "permanent availability" as opposed to the often heard argument that divorced women are stigmatized and thus disadvantaged when attempting to remarry. (authors)
MEMS middle ear acoustic sensor for a fully implantable cochlear prosthesis

A MEMS accelerometer is proposed as an implantable middle ear microphone for a future fully implantable cochlear prosthesis. Vibration characterization of human temporal bones indicates that a MEMS accelerometer needs to achieve a sensing resolution of 75 mugrms/radicHz with a bandwidth of 10 kHz to detect normal conversation. A prototype MEMS accelerometer is designed and fabricated. The device exhibits a nominal capacitance value of 2.4 pF with a differential sensitivity of 4 fF/g. When interfaced with a low noise CMOS capacitance-to-voltage converter, the sensor achieves a sensing resolution of 78 mugrms/radicHz at 500 Hz with a sensitivity of 11.5 mV/g and bandwidth of 6.4 kHz. The overall system attached on umbo demonstrates the capability of detecting normal conversation.
Clusterin Facilitates Exchange of Glycosyl Phosphatidylinositol-Linked SPAM1 Between Reproductive Luminal Fluids and Mouse and Human Sperm Membranes

Glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked proteins, which are involved in post-testicular maturation of sperm and have a role in fertilization, are acquired on the sperm surface from both vesicular and membrane-free soluble fractions of epididymal luminal fluid (LF) and uterine LF. Herein, we investigate the mechanism of uptake of these proteins from the soluble fraction of LFs using sperm adhesion molecule 1 (SPAM1) as a model. Ultracentrifugation and native Western blot analysis of the soluble fraction revealed that SPAM1 is present in low-molecular-weight (monomeric) and high-molecular-weight (oligomeric) complexes. The latter are incapable of transferring SPAM1 and may serve to produce monomers. Monomers are stabilized by hydrophobic interactions with clusterin (CLU), a lipid carrier that is abundantly expressed in LFs. We show that CLU is involved in the transfer of SPAM1 monomers, whose delivery was decreased by anti-CLU antibody under normal and apolipoprotein-enhanced conditions. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed an intimate association of CLU with SPAM1. Both plasma and recombinant CLU had a dose-related effect on transfer efficiency: high concentrations reduced and low concentrations enhanced delivery of SPAM1 to human and mouse sperm membranes, reflecting physiological states in the epididymal tract. We propose a lipid exchange model (akin to the lipid-poor model for cholesterol efflux) for the delivery of GPI-linked proteins to sperm membranes via CLU. Our investigation defines specific conditions for membrane-free GPI-linked protein transfer in vitro and could lead to technology for improving fertility or treating sperm pathology by the addition of relevant GPI-linked proteins critical for successful fertilization in humans and domestic animals.
ROLE OF CONTRACT NEGOTIATION IN SELF-MANAGEMENT OF STUDY TIME: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

Suggestive findings are presented supporting the active role of the client in the establishment of contract conditions which facilitate self-control of study behavior. The need for a replication wi...
In vitro and in vivo toxicity of magnetic microspheres

Abstract The interaction of magnetic microspheres with cells was studied using an in vitro 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (=MTT) assay. Viability and metabolic activity were reduced in all examples. The MTT assay is not recommended for this application due to high variability and non-specificity. Poly(lactic acid) microspheres were further tested in vivo. Intrathecal injection in rats produced no obvious side effects over 12 months.
A methodology for team effectiveness research

The use of teams of many types as an organizational strategy has dramatically increased and frequently these teams include engineers and other technical professionals. The increasing use of teams furthers the need for increasing collective understanding about team effectiveness. This paper presents a methodology for team-level research and results from a study to identify those team characteristics most related to effectiveness.
Adrenomedullin Gene Expression Is Developmentally Regulated and Induced by Hypoxia in Rat Ventricular Cardiac Myocytes

Adrenomedullin is a recently discovered hypotensive peptide that is expressed in a variety of cell and tissue types. Using the technique of differential display, the adrenomedullin gene was observed to be differentially expressed in developing rat heart. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the level of adrenomedullin mRNA was significantly higher in adult ventricular cardiac muscle as compared with embryonic day 17 ventricular cardiac muscle. Adrenomedullin receptor mRNA was constitutively expressed throughout development of the ventricular heart. Two potential hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) consensus binding sites were identified in the mouse adrenomedullin promoter at –1095 and –770 nucleotides from the transcription start site. Exposure of cultured adult rat ventricular cardiac myocytes to hypoxia (1% O2) resulted in a significant, time-dependent increase in adrenomedullin mRNA levels. Transfection studies revealed that the 5′-flanking sequence of adrenomedullin was capable of mediating a hypoxia-inducible increase in transcription. Mutation of the putative HIF-1 consensus binding sites revealed that the major regulatory sequence that mediates the hypoxia-inducible transcriptional response is located at –1095. These data demonstrate that the adrenomedullin gene is developmentally regulated in ventricular cardiomyocytes, that adrenomedullin transcription can be induced by hypoxia, and that this response is primarily mediated by HIF-1 consensus sites in the adrenomedullin promoter.
Systematic Study of the Functions for the Residues around the Nucleotide Pocket in Simian Virus 40 AAA+ Hexameric Helicase

The high-resolution structural data for simian virus 40 large-T-antigen helicase revealed a set of nine residues bound to ATP/ADP directly or indirectly. The functional role of each of these residues in ATP hydrolysis and also the helicase function of this AAA+ (ATPases associated with various cellular activities) molecular motor are unclear. Here, we report our mutational analysis of each of these residues to examine their functionality in oligomerization, DNA binding, ATP hydrolysis, and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) unwinding. All mutants were capable of oligomerization in the presence of ATP and could bind single-stranded DNA and dsDNA. ATP hydrolysis was substantially reduced for proteins with mutations of residues making direct contact with the gamma-phosphate of ATP or the apical water molecule. A potentially noncanonical "arginine finger" residue, K418, is critical for ATP hydrolysis and helicase function, suggesting a new type of arginine finger role by a lysine in the stabilization of the transition state during ATP hydrolysis. Interestingly, our mutational data suggest that the positive- and negative-charge interactions in the uniquely observed residue pairs, R498/D499 and R540/D502, in large-T-antigen helicase are critically involved in the transfer of energy of ATP binding/hydrolysis to DNA unwinding.
Active, Foveated, Uncalibrated Stereovision

Biological vision systems have inspired and will continue to inspire the development of computer vision systems. One biological tendency that has never been exploited is the symbiotic relationship between foveation and uncalibrated active, binocular vision systems. The primary goal of any binocular vision system is the correspondence of the two retinal images. For calibrated binocular rigs the search for corresponding points can be restricted to epipolar lines. In an uncalibrated system the precise geometry is unknown. However, the set of possible geometries can be restricted to some reasonable range; and consequently, the search for matching points can be confined to regions delineated by the union of all possible epipolar lines over all possible geometries. We call these regions epipolar spaces. The accuracy and complexity of any correspondence algorithm is directly proportional to the size of these epipolar spaces. Consequently, the introduction of a spatially variant foveation strategy that reduces the average area per epipolar space is highly desirable. This paper provides a set of sampling theorems that offer a path for designing foveation strategies that are optimal with respect to average epipolar area.
Chemically induced coalescence in droplet-based microfluidics

We present a new microfluidic method to coalesce pairs of surfactant-stabilized water-in-fluorocarbon oil droplets. We achieve this through the local addition of a poor solvent for the surfactant, perfluorobutanol, which induces cohesion between droplet interfaces causing them to merge. The efficiency of this technique is comparable to existing techniques providing an alternative method to coalesce pairs of droplets.
Enhanced NR2A subunit expression and decreased NMDA receptor decay time at the onset of ocular dominance plasticity in the ferret.

Enhanced NR2A subunit expression and decreased NMDA receptor decay time at the onset of ocular dominance plasticity in the ferret. The NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor is known to exhibit marked ...
An ancient Maya dock and dam at Blue Creek, Rio Hondo, Belize

A precolumbian Maya dock and dam complex was located on the Rio Hondo in northwestern Belize near the site of Blue Creek. Survey and excavation showed a range of activities to be associated with the complex, including lithic raw material procurement and manufacture. The discovery also underscores Blue Creek's role in long-distance commercial exchange involving lowland riverine systems. Large quantities of exotic commodities, including jadeite from the Motagua River val ley in Guatemala and stone tools from the industrial manufacturing site of Colh?, Belize, have been recovered from Pre classic and Classic period deposits at Blue Creek, and the site is posited as a vital point of transshipment responsible for the filtering of peripheral resources into the central lowlands. The Blue Creek dock and dam provides a rare glimpse of Maya riverine architecture and offers tangible evidence of infrastructural supports associated with maritime commerce.
The Application of Blood Flow Measurements to the Study of Aging Muscle

Blood flow to skeletal muscle is a potentially important factor in the reduction of muscle function associated with aging (sarcopenia). The main influence of reduced blood flow capacity on muscle function is in limiting oxidative metabolism. Direct measures of blood flow include: intravital-microscopy, plethysmography, radioactive microspheres, 133Xenon washout, thermodilution, and Doppler ultrasound. Indirect measurement of blood flow includes arm-to-ankle pressure index and the rate of phosphocreatine recovery after exercise. Several new methodologies have been developed to evaluate muscle blood flow, including color-Doppler imaging, magnetic resonance imaging/angiography (MRI/MRA), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). As adaptations of traditional techniques, these methods promise more precise information under less invasive conditions. MRI is an expensive and technically challenging method able to measure vessel location, blood flow, and wall diameter in blood vessels throughout the cardiac cycle. Color-Doppler provides excellent temporal resolution blood flow throughout the cardiac cycle, along with some anatomical information. NIRS is an inexpensive and portable technology that can measure changes in oxygen saturation and provide information on tissue oxygen delivery in studies of frailer and more difficult-to-study subjects. Muscle blood flow is not thought to limit oxidative metabolism under normal conditions in young individuals. However, it is not clear what happens to muscle blood flow in healthy older individuals. Reduced capillary density, less maximal blood flow, and a slower hyperemic flow response have been reported in some, but not all, studies. Further studies with the newer methodologies are needed to re-examine age-related changes in muscle blood flow.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
To bind or not to bind, that's the wrong question: Features and objects coexist in visual short-term memory

In three experiments, we investigated whether features and whole-objects can be represented simultaneously in visual short-term memory (VSTM). Participants were presented with a memory set of colored shapes; we probed either for the constituent features or for the whole object, and analyzed retrieval dynamics (cumulative response time distributions). In our first experiment, we used whole-object probes that recombined features from the memory display; we found that subjects' data conformed to a kitchen-line model, showing that they used whole-object representations for the matching process. In the second experiment, we encouraged independent-feature representations by using probes that used features not present in the memory display; subjects' data conformed to the race-model inequality, showing that they used independent-feature representations for the matching process. In a final experiment, we used both types of probes; subjects now used both types of representations, depending on the nature of the probe. Combined, our three experiments suggest that both feature and whole-object representations can coexist in VSTM.