cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
FARADAY ROTATION AND MODELS FOR THE PLASMA STRUCTURE OF THE SOLAR CORONA

Faraday rotation observations of polarized radiation from natural radio sources are unique among remote diagnostics of the solar corona in that they provide information on the coronal magnetic field. Dual frequency radio polarization measurements yield the rotation measure, a quantity that is proportional to the integral along the line of sight of the product of the electron density and the line-of-sight component of the magnetic field. We made linear polarization observations with the NRAO Very Large Array of 13 polarized radio sources occulted by the solar corona. The observations were made at frequencies of 1465 and 1665 MHz on four days in 1997 May and cover a 20 day period, sampling elongations ranging from about 5 to 14 R☉. The magnitudes of the rotation measures observed range from about 11 to 0 rad m-2. The relatively low values for the rotation measures are due to the solar minimum configuration of the corona at the time of the observations, with the lines of sight to the sources generally not crossing sector boundaries. The largest rotation measure was observed for the extended radio source 3C 79 on 1997 May 11 and corresponds to a case in which the line of sight passed next to the streamer belt at small solar elongations. We have developed a three-dimensional model of the solar corona that is in excellent agreement with the observed rotation measures, as well as being completely consistent with other coronal diagnostics such as coronagraph images. In particular, our observations support the coronal magnetic field model of Patzold et al. (1987); they would be inconsistent with coronal magnetic fields significantly weaker or stronger than this model. The plasma density distribution in the corona is successfully modeled by a dense streamer belt component and a more tenuous coronal hole component. Details of these models are given in § 3 of this paper. The principal disagreement between the model and observations occurs for three lines of sight for which the model predicts nearly zero rotation measure but for which we measure small but significant values of -1 to -2 rad m-2. These lines of sight passed over the solar polar regions. We discuss the possibility that these residual rotation measures are due to static coronal plasma structures, not described by global coronal models, or to very long wavelength coronal Alfven waves. Fluctuations in the rotation measure on timescales of a few hours were observed for some sources and not others. When detected, they were of order 1-2 rad m-2 and occurred on timescales of several hours.
Bicarbonate-responsive soluble adenylyl cyclase defines a nuclear cAMP microdomain

Bicarbonate-responsive “soluble” adenylyl cyclase resides, in part, inside the mammalian cell nucleus where it stimulates the activity of nuclear protein kinase A to phosphorylate the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). The existence of this complete and functional, nuclear-localized cAMP pathway establishes that cAMP signals in intracellular microdomains and identifies an alternate pathway leading to CREB activation.
Reciprocal Interactions of the Intestinal Microbiota and Immune System

The emergence of the adaptive immune system in vertebrates set the stage for evolution of an advanced symbiotic relationship with the intestinal microbiota. The defining features of specificity and memory that characterize adaptive immunity have afforded vertebrates the mechanisms for efficiently tailoring immune responses to diverse types of microbes, whether to promote mutualism or host defence. These same attributes can put the host at risk of immune-mediated diseases that are increasingly linked to the intestinal microbiota. Understanding how the adaptive immune system copes with the remarkable number and diversity of microbes that colonize the digestive tract, and how the system integrates with more primitive innate immune mechanisms to maintain immune homeostasis, holds considerable promise for new approaches to modulate immune networks to treat and prevent disease.
The use of intraoperative navigation for percutaneous procedures at the skull base including a difficult-to-access foramen ovale

Background We describe the use of an intraoperative CT scan obtained using the Medtronic O-arm (Littleton, Massachusetts) for image-guided cannulation of the foramen ovale not previously accessible with the use of fluoroscopy alone. Unlike previously described procedures, this technique does not require placement of an invasive head clamp and may be used with an awake patient. Objective To describe the use of intraoperative neuronavigation for accessing skull base foramina and, specifically, cannulating of the foramen ovale during percutaneous rhizotomy procedures using an intraoperative image guidance CT scanner (Medtronic O-arm, Littleton, Massachusetts). Methods A noninvasive Landmark Fess Strap attached to a spine reference frame was applied to the heads of 4 patients who harbored a difficult-to-access foramen ovale. An intraoperative HD3D skull base scan using a Medtronic O-arm was obtained, and Synergy Spine software was used to create 3D reconstructions of the skull base. Using image guidance, we navigated the needle to percutaneously access the foramen ovale by the use of a single tract for successful completion of balloon compression of the trigeminal nerve. Results All 4 patients (3 females and 1 male; ages 65-75) underwent the procedure with no complications. Conclusion Based on our experience, neuronavigation with the use of intraoperative O-arm CT imaging is useful during these cases.
Retinoids and cultured human fibroblasts. Effects on cell growth and presence of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein.

We have examined the effects of retinoids on growth of cultured human skin fibroblasts from four individuals. Retinoic acid and retinol both produce a dose-dependent inhibition of growth in the four strains examined; retinoic acid was more potent than retinol in this respect. The growth inhibitory effect of retinoic acid is characterized by a decrease in the exponential growth rate, which is reversible upon removal of retinoic acid from the growth medium; the final saturation density, however, is not modified by retinoic acid treatment. No alterations of cell morphology, viability, or adhesiveness to substratum are induced by the retinoid concentrations utilized. The inhibitory effect of 10−6 M retinoic acid on cell growth is not affected by the concentration of fetal calf serum (FCS) in the medium. In all four human fibroblast strains examined, specific binding of [3H]retinoic acid to cytosol is present as determined by sucrose-density gradient centrifugation. Despite the effects of retinol on fibroblast growth, no cytoplasmic binding of [3H]retinol could be demonstrated in these cells.
Strongly annular solutions to Mahler's functional equation /

In this paper we study strongly annular solutions of the functional equation, g(Z)=f(z)g(z p ) where g and f are both holomorphic functions on the open unit disk and p is an integer greater than or equation to 2 We show that if the function (z) grows rapidly enough as the boundary of the disk approached the approached the solution of the functional equation g(Z), will be a strongly annular function
Optimal number of choices per menu for naive users of a computer-answered telephone system

Abstract With the high volume of telephone calls being placed to businesses and community organizations, computer technology is being used to answer and route calls. In order to access information, callers go through a series of auditory menus from which they must select the appropriate option from each menu. Callers must rely on short-term memory since information is rarely preserved for review visually. This paper investigates the structure of the menus as they are arranged in a hierarchical tree. Three configurations were chosen for study: menus with 2, 4, 0r 8 choices per menu. Eighteen subjects were tested on a simulated system, placing calls as they might at home or the office. With 64 items in the database, 2-choice menus require the subject to listen to and choose from 6 different menus. The 4- and 8-choice menus require 3 and 2 menus, respectively. Subjects navigated through the system of menus and reached the correct information in less time and with fewer errors with the 4-choice and 8-choice menus than they did with the 2-choice menus. In a questionnaire, two-thirds of the subjects preferred 4-choice menus. Experience with other computer-answered telephone systems was not a significant factor in the subjects' performance.
Mark-recapture estimates of population parameters for selected species of small mammals

We used program CAPTURE to analyze 1,535 capture–recapture data sets from 33 species of small mammals for sources of variation in capture probabilities and to characterize species-specific responses to mark–recapture trapping. Program CAPTURE contains 8 models to account for all possible combinations of heterogeneity (h), behavioral response (b), and time (t) effects on capture probabilities. Model Mo (equal capture probabilities) was selected most often by CAPTURE as the most appropriate model for small sample sizes, reflecting the difficulty of detecting unequal probabilities of capture in small data sets. Heterogeneity in capture probabilities among individuals was evident in larger data sets for all species of small mammals examined. Strong behavioral responses were detected in several species. Sylvilagus, Tamias amoenus, Glaucomys sabrinus, Perognathus longimembris, and Microtus ochrogaster were trap shy, whereas Tamias striatus, Tamias townsendii, Spermophilus richardsonii, Perognathus parvus, Reithrodontomys megalotis, Peromyscus maniculatus, Peromyscus truei, Sigmodon hispidus, Microtus californicus, and Microtus pennsylvanicus were trap prone. Time effects were not apparent for most species except where they were accompanied with heterogeneity. Murid species had the highest estimated probabilities of capture, followed by heteromyids, sciurids, and leporids in decreasing order. Estimates of abundance from model Mh were significantly greater than those from models Mb, Mo, and Mt, which likely reflects the negative bias of these latter estimators.
Dispositional inference from effects of actions: Effects chosen and effects forgone

Abstract One hundred and forty-six subjects made comparative judgments as to which of two hypothetical actors they were most confident possessed a choice-related trait, and which was most extreme on that trait dimension. Each actor was portrayed as making a choice from a set of actions; the choice sets varied independently in the number of effects eliminated by the choice and in the number of effects remaining after choice. Results confirmed Jones and Davis' (1965) hypothesis that correspondence would be inversely related to the number of effects remaining after choice. In addition, correspondence was directly related to number of effects eliminated by the choice when effects remaining did not differ. When given both sources of information, subjects preferred to use information from effects remaining.
The Neoliberal Policy Paradigm and the Great Recession

Summary: The paper examines the relationship between neoliberal policies and the Great Recession with a focus on the persistence of the policy paradigm in spite of overwhelming evidence of its role in creating the crisis. These economic problems are only the latest that have arisen in the wake of the three long decade experiment with these policy packages. The paper investigates the ideological, methodological, historical, theoretical, political and economic interests underlying the perpetuation of neoliberalism.
Sample size requirements for multiple regression interval estimation

Summary Sample size planning is one of the most important issues in the design of a study. Simple and accurate sample size formulas for a desired confidence interval width have been developed for many statistical procedures, but a simple and accurate sample size formula for the squared multiple correlation has been a notable exception. Several rule-of-thumb sample size recommendations for a multiple regression analysis have been proposed over the years but none are satisfactory. Other approaches have focused on the construction of elaborate tables of sample size requirements, but these tables are both unwieldy and inadequate. We present a simple, accurate, and general method of approximating the sample size requirement for obtaining a squared multiple correlation confidence interval with desired precision. We also present a simple method for approximating the sample size needed to estimate unstandardized regression coefficients with desired precision. Copyright # 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implementing ‘new’ norms? Examining ‘john school’ policies in the United States

In the United States, norms are located in the foreground of policy debates. To consider how they inform and emerge through policies, this paper examines ‘john schools,’ where men arrested for prostitution solicitation attend a class to learn about the consequences of their actions. Based on multimethod qualitative research with two john schools (Project Respect, in Brooklyn, NY, and the Offender Program in Phoenix, AZ), I argue that normative dissonance characterizes this contentious, morality-oriented policy. While john schools may be designed to reflect and enforce particular norms, these norms are continually complicated and contradicted as they are implemented and communicated to the policy’s target population. Therefore, although a new norm emphasizing male responsibility for women’s victimization in prostitution motivated and informed Project Respect’s and the Offender Program’s design, this norm is continually challenged in practice. While the john schools’ speakers deployed consequential and beha...
Madan G. Singh (1946-2002): distinguished academic, scholar, and entrepreneur

For more than a quarter of a century, Madan G. Singh taught and accomplished seminal research on approaches to better control, manage, and understand complexity in systems. This interdisciplinary work has covered the intersections of the areas of control engineering, systems engineering, applied mathematics, management science, and computer science. His work has been remarkable at both a theoretical level, as well as at a practical level. Indeed, over the years, his practical work has led to new insights which have driven the theoretical developments. He has examined complexity in human-made systems, in managerial decision making, in marketing, and in production planning and scheduling. He has taken full advantage of contemporary developments in computing technology and in organizational science. He was, in a great many respects, a truly excellent exemplar of the modern academic, with highly tuned entrepreneurial skills integrated with major research skills. His career reflects well the contemporary changing character of academia that is now simultaneously home to ivory tower research, pragmatic market-driven research and associated product and service development. The purpose of this commemorative paper is to describe the evolution of his academic, research, scholarship, professional service, and enterprise efforts over the last two and a half decades.
Generating random Tanner-graphs with large girth

We present a simple and efficient algorithm for randomly generating Tanner-graphs with given symbol-node and check-node degrees and without small cycles. These graphs can be used to design high performance Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes. Our algorithm generates a graph by sequentially adding the edges to an empty graph. Recently, these types of sequential methods for counting and random generation have been very successful [35], [18], [11], [7], [4], [6].
Predictors of availability in home life context-mediated communication

A number of studies have explored issues of interruption and availability in workplace environments, but few have examined how attitudes toward availability play out in home life. In this paper, we begin to explore factors in the home that might be useful for signaling availability to close friends and family. In particular, we use the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to measure subjects' current activities and self-reported availability to interruption. Based on follow-up interviews, we develop a number of hypotheses that we test through a hierarchical linear regression analysis. Results indicate that individual differences, certain home locations, and leisure activities play an important role in determining patterns of availability. This study has implications for the development of CSCW systems with automatic sensing of activity to deal with interruption and activity recognition both inside and out of the home.
NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS FOR IMPULSIVELY STARTED AND DECELERATED VISCOUS FLOW PAST A CIRCULAR CYLINDER

SUMMARY A finite difference study of the unsteady two-dimensional flow past a circular cylinder has been conducted using vorticity and streamfunction as the dependent variables. The two cases considered were impulsively started and decelerated flows. The impulsively started problem was considered to validate the method and has yielded results which agree quite closely with existing results from both calculations and experiments. The decelerated flow analysis produced results which can be explained in terms of induced velocity effects from existing wake vortices for both suddenly stopped and uniformly decelerated flows.
Correlation between the rate of dissolution and absorption of salicylarnide from tablet and suspension dosage forms

The in vivo absorption and the in vitro dissolution characteristics of a commercial suspension, a commercial tablet, and an experimental tablet formulation of the analgesic-antipyretic drug salicylamide were compared. The results of the study demonstrated that the absorption of this drug is dissolution rate-dependent and that the initial in vitro dissolution rate in 0.1 N HCl correlates well with the initial absorption rates of the test dosage forms in human subjects.
The dynamic concept of sediment sources

Using 200 upland sample areas and 23 valley cross-sections, a study was made of rates of sediment production and sediment sources from the headwaters of the Sangamon River of Illinois to its mouth. It was found that as the size of drainage area increases, the upland sources of sediment, such as sheet and gully erosion, become less important, while the bottomland sources, such as streambank erosion, floodplain scour, and valley trenching, become constantly more important. The writer maintains that this dynamic concept of changing sediment sources with changing size of drainage area applies not only to the Sangamon River Watershed, but to any watershed. It was also found that the annual rate of sediment production in the Sangamon watershed decreases from an average of 2940 tons/sq mi of drainage area in the headwaters to 746 tons/sq mi at the mouth. This agrees with previous studies by the writer, which show that generally rates of sediment production decrease with increasing size of drainage area, for reasons which are set forth in the text. The dynamic concept of sediment sources is compared with the previously widely used static concept based upon total erosion figures in a watershed, and the errors involved in the older concept exposed. One of the more important conclusions drawn from this study is that streambank and other forms of bottomland erosion have not been given enough attention by the various agencies concerned with their control, in comparison with their importance when viewed in the light of the dynamic concept.
State Growth Management and Housing Prices

Objective. In the United States, growth regulations aimed at environmental protection and better-quality urban areas have become very popular since the 1960s. Although many studies have examined the housing-price effects of local and regional growth management regulations, none has examined the effects of a state law. Past research has also tended to be cross-sectional, rather than longitudinal, and has frequently ignored alternate hypotheses that could explain housing-price trends. The research presented in this article examines the housing-price effects of Florida's Growth Management Act of 1985. Methods. Using secondary source data from all 67 counties of the state for the period 1980–1995 and employing pooled time-series analysis techniques I test the hypothesis that the Act had an inflationary effect on single-family house prices. Results. After controlling for alternate hypotheses such as population, income, and size of house, I find a statistically significant increase in the price of single-family houses attributable to statewide growth management. Also, the demand-side and supply-side price inflationary effects of growth management are similar in magnitude. Conclusions. Since higher housing prices could become the Achilles heel of growth management programs and thwart their implementation, I suggest a few ways some of the price inflationary effects may be reduced.
Inter- and intra-limb generalization of adaptation during catching

We have previously shown that healthy adults require a few trials to adapt to a changed ball weight during catching. It is not known whether this adaptation generalizes to the opposite arm or to different configurations of the same arm. We tested healthy adult subjects catching balls of different weight while maintaining the hand within a vertical spatial "window." In experiment 1, subjects caught a series of light and heavy balls, first with one hand and then with the other. In experiment 2, subjects caught a series of light and heavy balls, first with the catching arm in either a "bent" or a "straight" configuration and then with the same arm in the other configuration. A percentage transfer value was calculated to determine the degree to which previous experience with a given ball weight in one context affected performance of the same task in a new context (i.e., different arm or different arm configuration). Results showed that generalization occurred both between arms and within an arm. However, the subjects who switched arms showed less generalization than those who switched arm positions. Specifically, the percentage transfer value for subjects who switched arms was 58%, while the percentage transfer for those who switched arm positions was 100%. These results support the idea that the motor system is able to generalize adaptive control of ball catching to the contralateral arm and to different arm configurations. Our findings are also in agreement with the recent notion that multiple internal representations of a task may exist in the CNS. Because there was partial generalization between the two arms, we conclude that there must be a representation stored and used for catching that is not effector specific, but rather can be utilized by brain regions controlling either arm. However, because generalization was only complete within an arm, we conclude that another sensorimotor representation exists, which might only be stored in brain regions specific to a single arm.
Breast cancer detection using mammary ductoscopy

Mammary ductoscopy (MD) has been used as a tool to evaluate the breast for cancer for over 10 years. MD allows the direct visualization of the duct lumen, providing a more targeted approach to the diagnosis of disease arising in the ductal system, since the lesion can be visualized and samples collected in the area of interest. Initial studies of MD evaluated women with pathologic spontaneous nipple discharge (PND), while more recent reports are also using MD to assess women without PND for the presence of breast cancer. Cytologic assessment of MD is highly specific but less sensitive in the detection of breast cancer. Nonetheless, a MD sample from a breast with PND may rarely undergo cytologic review and be interpreted as consistent with malignancy, only later to undergo surgical resection demonstrating benign pathology. For this reason, PND specimens interpreted as malignant on cytologic review require histopathologic confirmation prior to instituting therapy. Additional sample evaluation using image or molecular analysis may improve the sensitivity and specificity of MD in breast cancer detection.
An Incomplete Cold‐Reactive γG Antibody with i Specificity in Infectious Mononucleosis

Summary. A new cold reactive antibody directed against fetal (i) cells is described in 90% of patients with infectious mononucleosis. It appears to be the 7S counterpart of the previously described 19S anti-i antibody. The 7S anti-i antibody interacts with a 19S anti γ globulin and the combination is responsible for the majority of the cold agglutinin phenomena previously shown in this disorder. The highest titers were detected in patients with severe hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or combinations thereof.
llamaOS: A Solution for Virtualized High-Performance Computing Clusters

For most use cases, the benefits of modern virtu-alization technologies vastly exceed the impact of the runtime computational overhead they introduce. However, for high-performance computing (HPC) systems, the additional overhead is often detrimental to critical elements of application performance. This work presents llamaOS (Low-LAtency Minimal Appliance Operating System) as a new approach to circumvent the overhead of virtualization and provide performance capabilities superior to even equivalent native (nonvirtual) systems. Within the llamaOS virtual environment, traditional system level services can be optimized for a specific target application domain. For example, a specialized networking framework, named llamaNET, is designed specifically for low-latency message passing communication. Performance studies show llamaNET provides a 70% reduction in network latency over native TCP for message sizes less than 8 kilobytes, while at the same time providing slightly higher communication throughput for larger sizes. This improvement in communication performance directly translates to overall application speedup for software that exhibits fine-grain parallelism.
Dimensions of Oppositional Defiant Disorder as Predictors of Depression and Conduct Disorder in Preadolescent Girls

Objective To examine whether oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) rather than conduct disorder (CD) may explain the comorbidity between behavioral disorders and depression; to test whether distinct affective and behavioral dimensions can be discerned within the symptoms of ODD; and to determine whether an affective dimension of ODD symptoms is specifically predictive of later depression. Method The dimensions of ODD and their prediction to later CD and depression were examined in a community sample of 2,451 girls between the ages of 5 and 8 years, followed up annually over a 5-year period, using parent, child, and teacher questionnaire ratings of the severity of symptoms of psychopathology. Results Dimensions of negative affect, oppositional behavior, and antagonistic behavior were found within ODD symptoms. Negative affect predicted later depression. Oppositional and antagonistic behavior predicted CD overall, and for Caucasian girls, negative affect also predicted later CD. CD was not predictive of later depression, controlling for comorbid conditions. Conclusions ODD plays a key role in the early development of psychopathology. It is central in the comorbidity between internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, which may be caused by a dimension of negative affective symptoms within ODD. How this dimension relates to later CD appears to vary by race.
Naturalizing the market on the road to revisionism: Bruce Caldwell's Hayek's challenge and the challenge of Hayek interpretation

Bruce Caldwell's Hayek's Challenge should be welcomed as the first serious book on one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth century. However, this review begins by pointing out a number of curious omissions and silences concerning Hayek's career in the book. We propose that the key to understanding the turns and reversals in his thought lay in his politics, and not as Caldwell has it, in some abstract philosophical doctrines. Central to that thesis is Hayek's fostering the development of Neoliberalism through such institutional structures as the Mont PSociety. Friedrich Hayek (1899-1992) was one of the most important figures in twentieth century economics and politics, and so it is with no small sense of gratitude and relief that we greet the appearance of Bruce Caldwell's Hayek's Challenge (2004) (henceforth cited as HC). This is the book we had been waiting for, one that we could in good conscience give to our students, our colleagues and friends in order to provide them with a solid grounding in what Hayek was all about. Caldwell's gloss is the result of intense immersion in the archives and struggle with all the relevant text s-af orbidding mass, which some of us have known for some time - which were by no means transparently open to comprehension and engagement. For example, I personally have watched some oftheUCLAOralHistoryinterviewtapesthatBrucementionsinhisIntroduction (HC: 6), and had despaired of figuring out what to make of the autobiographical account proffered therein. The situation has been further occluded by the fact that Hayek had become the object of glowing hagiography for some and fervid damnationbyothers,soconsultationofthesecondaryliteraturehadbecomeakin
Fast far‐field approximation for calculating the RCS of large objects

A fast far-field approximation (FAFFA) is developed to estimate the RCS of conducting scatterers. This method accounts for the interaction between subscatterers in two ways, depending on the electrical distance between the subscatterers. The interactions of subscatterers separated by a large electrical distance are computed in three stages: (1) aggregation, which computes the total field at a group center due to the subscatterers of the group; (2) translation, which translates the field from one group center to another; and (3) disaggregation, which distributes the field in a group center to each subscatterer in the group. Two strategies are employed to accelerate the computation in the above three stages. One is the use of far-field approximation to simplify the computation in the translation stage; the other is the use of interpolation and smoothing techniques, which reduces the complexity of aggregation and disaggregation. The overall computational complexity for a matrix-vector multiplication is of the order of N1.33, and the memory requirement is of order N. Numerical results show that this method can predict a RCS that is very close to exact solution, and that the method can be applied to objects with very large electrical sizes. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons. Inc.
Yesterday's Bad Times Are Today's Good Old Times: Retail Price Changes Are More Frequent Today Than in the 1890s

This paper documents differences in the nominal rigidity of retail prices across two 28-month periods: 1889–91 and 1997–99. The most striking finding is that prices changed much less frequently in 1889–91. In the late-1800s when price changes did occur they were smaller on average and more narrowly distributed with fewer small or large price changes. Further, price changes were more permanent 100-plus years ago. These differences are consistent with a high occurrence of temporary price shocks and a higher cost of changing prices in 1889–91 than in 1997–99.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE $\tilde{X}\,^2 \Pi$ AND Ã2Σ+ ELECTRONIC STATES OF THE PHOSPHAETHYNE CATION (HCP+)

The electronic ground state and first excited state (A2Σ+) of phosphaethyne cation (HCP+) have been systematically investigated using ab initio electronic structure theory. The total energies, geometries, rotational constants, dipole moments, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and parameters for Renner–Teller splittings were determined using self-consistent-field (SCF), configuration interaction with single and double excitations (CISD), coupled cluster (CC) with single and double excitations (CCSD), CCSD with perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)], CC with single, double, and iterative partial triple excitations (CCSDT-3), and CC with single, double, and full triple excitations (CCSDT) methods and eight different basis sets. Some of the largest full triples coupled cluster computations to date are reported. Degenerate bending frequencies for the A2Σ+ state were determined using the equation-of-motion (EOM)-CCSD technique. The two states have been confirmed to have linear equilibrium structures. At the full CCSDT level of theory with the correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta (cc-pVQZ) basis set, the classical splitting (Te value) is predicted to be 47.7 kcal/mol (2.07 eV, 16,700 cm-1) and the quantum mechanical splitting (T0 value) to be 48.1 kcal/mol (2.08 eV, 16,800 cm-1), which are in excellent agreement with the experimental values of Te = 47.77 kcal/mol (2.072 eV, 16,708 cm-1) and T0 = 47.94 kcal/mol (2.079 eV, 16,766 cm-1). The excitation energies predicted by the CCSDT-3 and CCSD(T) methods differ from the full triples CCSDT result by 0.38 and 0.45 kcal/mol, respectively. With the aug-cc-pVQZ CCSDT-3 method the Renner parameter and the averaged harmonic bending vibrational frequency are determined to be ∊= -0.0390 and for the ground state of HCP+, which are reasonably consistent with the experimental values of ∊=-0.0415 and . The predicted dipole moments are 1.30 Debye ( state, polarity-hydrogen atom positive) and 0.06 Debye (A2Σ+ state, polarity-phosphorus atom positive).
Tailor-made: Meeting the unique needs of women of color STEM-SBS faculty through mentoring

Women of Color faculty have some of the worst outcomes of all other faculty in terms of attainment of tenure and promotion. They are much more likely than others to leave a university, file suits for discrimination and face hostile work environments and classrooms, and leave academe. It is to a university's and society's benefit to retain talented women of color and remedy these negative outcomes. This paper seeks to address the unique concerns and issues of Women of Color through the custom tailoring of mentoring programs based upon qualitative data analysis. Best practices and strategies will also be explored.
Perinatal difficulties, head and face trauma, and child abuse in the medical histories of seriously delinquent children.

The authors compared the medical histories of incarcerated and nonincarcerated delinquent children. Incarcerated delinquent children were significantly more likely than nonincarcerated delinquents ...
Trust matters: Seeing how an adult treats another person influences preschoolers' willingness to delay gratification

Holding out for a delayed reward in the face of temptation is notoriously difficult, and the ability to do so in childhood predicts diverse indices of life success. Prominent explanations focus on the importance of cognitive control. However, delaying gratification may also require trust in people delivering future rewards as promised. Only limited experimental work has tested this idea, and such studies with children were focused on general reward expectations, so evidence was ambiguous as to whether social trust played a role. The present study provides the first targeted test of a role for social trust in children's willingness to delay gratification. Children observed an adult behave in either a trustworthy or untrustworthy manner toward another adult, then were tested in the classic delay of gratification task by that adult. Children were less likely to wait the full delay period, and waited less time overall, for a reward promised by an untrustworthy adult, relative to children tested by a trustworthy adult. These findings demonstrate that manipulations of social trust influence delaying gratification, and highlight intriguing alternative reasons to test for individual differences in delaying gratification and associated life outcomes.
Richard Riordan and Los Angeles Charter Reform.pdf

When the new City Charter took effect on July 1, 2000, Los Angeles cast aside a seventy-five year old governing structure in favor of a streamlined system more reflective of the political realities of a twenty-first century metropolis. It was in many ways a typical Los Angeles moment. Dissatisfied with a municipal institution designed for another age, voters looked to the future and embraced sweeping changes in the fundamental operations of the city. Fully sixty percent of voters rejected a venerable but outdated document and chose a new but unproven one. More importantly, voters opted for legislation that reflected the new Los Angeles. No longer a small town with a homogenous population and a narrow economic base, Los Angeles had matured into a metropolis noted for its ethnic, religious, social, and economic diversity. Reform advocates proposed to simplify byzantine codes and regulations and to offer greater representation on the local level, particularly on issues of planning and growth. They presented Angelenos with a choice between the status quo and an opportunity to bring Los Angeles' government in line with the political realities of the present-day city. This articles reveals how Mayor Richard Riordan and his reform allies planned and pursued a campaign to rewrite the charter to prepare for the economic and civic future of Los Angeles and to confront its current problems. By including the conflicts and compromises involved in this effort, the article reveals the complexities of modern urban governance. The blueprint Riordan and others crafted will guide city leaders as Los Angeles enters a new and potentially more turbulent phase of its history. More than any other actions taken in his mayoralty, the new City Charter and its relative success in preserving Los Angeles as an intact and functional metropolis will determine Riordan's legacy in the years to come.
Divergent Worldviews in Ron Rash's Serena.

Ron Rash, through Serena, captures the often misunderstood complex nature of the Appalachian people in the early twentieth century and the effects of human centered environmental changes on this culture and natural landscape. The focus of this analysis involves viewing Serena through the lens of ecofeminism and introducing Rash’s vision of the important interrelationship between landscape and culture, particularly in light of the historical outsider vision and its impact upon the people of Appalachia. The culture and natural environment of the Appalachian people are revealed through the gazes of the characters. Through the fictional viewpoints in Serena, Rash creates a microcosm of humanity, reflecting varying intellectual and spiritual responses to the natural world. Erasure of boundaries between humankind and the environment as well as traditional gender roles occurs repeatedly throughout Serena as the reader follows the sightline of the characters. Serena offers particular emphasis on both parallel and dichotomous viewpoints of two women, Rachel and Serena.
Abstract P1-11-22: Bisphosphonates and Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

Purpose: Several studies have suggested that bisphosphonates have antitumor effects and that their use may have a potential benefit on recurrence and survival in patients with primary breast cancer. In a retrospective study, we sought to evaluate whether the use of bisphosphonates increased the rates of pathological complete response (pCR) in breast cancer patients receiving taxane and anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: We identified from our database 1449 breast cancer patients receiving taxane and anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy between 1995 and 2007 at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Among the entire cohort, we identified by chart review those patients that while receiving chemotherapy also received bisphosphonates for a different indication (osteopenia or osteoporosis). Primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving a pCR. Groups were compared using the chi-squared test. A multivariable logistic regression model was fit to examine the relationship between the use of bisphosphonates and pCR. An exploratory survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method was performed; groups were compared using the log-rank test. Results: From the 1449 patients included, 39 (2.7%) received bisphosphonates at the time of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.66.7% received alendronate, 28.2% risedronate and 5.1% ibandronate. Those receiving bisphosphonates were older (P Conclusions: In this cohort of patients, the concurrent use of bisphosphonates at the time of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with significant increased rates of pCR. The observed estimates suggest a positive effect; however, it is possible that the small proportion of patients receiving bisphosphonates affected the power to detect a statistically significant difference. To fully test the hypothesis, additional, well-powered prospective studies to evaluate the potential use of bisphosphonates as antitumor agents used in the neoadjuvant setting are warranted. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-22.
Segregation of Copper to (100) and (111) Silicon Surfaces in Equilibrium with Internal Cu3Si Precipitates

The energetics of copper segregation to silicon surfaces were examined by measuring the Cu coverage after equilibration between Cu on the surface and internal Cu3Si, for which the Cu chemical potential is known. For oxide-free surfaces the Cu coverage was close to one monolayer on (111) surfaces but was much smaller on (100) surfaces. The Cu coverage was greatly reduced by oxide passivation of the surface. LEED showed the 7×7 structure of the clean (111) silicon surface converted to a quasiperiodic 5×5 structure after equilibrating with Cu3Si. The 2×1 LEED patterns for (100) surfaces indicated no change in surface structure due to the Cu3Si. These results show that the free energy of copper in Cu3Si is higher than that of copper on (111) surfaces but lower than that of copper on (100) surfaces.
Adaptive Thread Pool Technique Based on Object Pool Pattern

To determine the number of threads in thread pool,an adaptive thread pool technique based on object pool design-pattern is proposed utilizing the prediction algorithm based grey system theory to predict the number of threads in thread pool in keeping with that required. Then,a scheme is presented to improve efficiency of server and ensure the QoS for client. The scheme utilizing adaptive thread pool technique has been applied to develop the telephone fee payment system and its performance is improved as expected.
Problem and Countermeasure of Multifunctional Temperature Calibration Device in Calibration and Application

Multifunctional temperature calibration device is being widely used in field calibration, which provides great convenience to maintainer. However, due to the misoperation during using and calibration process, there comes problems with additional errors created, testing accuracy reduced. Through discussing problems appeared in application and calibration of multifunctional temperature calibration device, this paper gives some matters need attention, which shall give some reference to workers of this field.
Making Bunyaviruses Talk: Interrogation Tactics to Identify Host Factors Required for Infection

The identification of host cellular genes that act as either proviral or antiviral factors has been aided by the development of an increasingly large number of high-throughput screening approaches. Here, we review recent advances in which these new technologies have been used to interrogate host genes for the ability to impact bunyavirus infection, both in terms of technical advances as well as a summary of biological insights gained from these studies.
Exogenous gonadotropin requirements are increased in leuprolide suppressed women undergoing ovarian stimulation

We used a subcutaneously administered GnRHa for 21 to 26 days prior to menotropin stimulation, to suppress endogenous LH surges in four patients participating in IVF. GnRHa-pretreated cycles were compared with previous menotropin treatment cycles. Endogenous LH surges were successfully suppressed in all patients. Peak E2 levels and ultrasonographic parameters of follicular development were comparable in the two treatment groups. Exogenous gonadotropin requirements were increased 2- to 4-fold in GnRHa pretreated cycles (P less than 0.05). Ovum recovery rates were not improved by adjuvant LA. These studies indicate that there was an increased ovarian requirement for exogenous gonadotropins as a result of GnRHa therapy. It has to be considered that this may be a direct effect of GnRHa upon the ovary. Alternatively, the absence of endogenous pituitary support in GnRHa-treated patients may account for the increased gonadotropin requirement. Finally, it is possible that this effect is indigenous to this select patient population of poor responders to menotropin stimulation, or to a specific effect of subcutaneously (as opposed to intranasally) administered GnRHa on the ovary. Further studies are needed to clarify the extent to which any or all of these postulated mechanisms may be influencing ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropins after subcutaneous GnRHa pretreatment.
Treatment of Displaced Transverse Patellar Fractures with Cannulated Screws and Figure-Eight Wiring

목 적: 유관 나사와 8자형 강선 고정을 이용하여 전위된 슬개골 횡 골절을 치료하였을 때의 치료의 효용성을 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 3월부터 2003년 3월까지 전위된 슬개골 횡 골절에 대해 유관 나사와 8자형 강선 고정술을 시행하고 1년 이상 추시 가능 한 9예를 대상으로 하였으며 남자가 6예, 여자가 3예였으며 평균 연령은 53세였다. 수술 방법은 전위된 관절면을 정확하게 정복한 후 한쌍의 유관 나사 삽입 및 전방 8자형 강선 고정을 시행하였고 조기 관절 운동 및 목발 보행을 허용하였다. 술 후 골절의 임상적, 방사선적 골유합 시 기 및 Levack에 의한 임상적 평가를 시행하였다. 결 과: 골유합은 평균 9.4주에 이루어졌으며, 최종 추시 상 굴곡 구축 0도, 후속 굴곡 134도로 정상적인 관절 운동 범위를 보였다. Levack에 의한 임상적 평가에서 우수 8예, 양호 1예였으며 강선의 파열 및 나사의 이완, 불유합 및 연부조직 자극 같은 합병증은 전예에서 관찰되지 않 았다. 결 론: 심한 분쇄상을 보이지 않는 슬개골 횡 골절의 치료시 보다 견고한 고정 및 압박력이 큰 유관 나사와 8자형 강선 고정술은 좋은 치료 법의 하나라고 사료된다.
EFFECTS OF VARIATION OF FOREARM POSITION IN ELBOW FLEXION.

Abstract Comparisons were made of the isotonic movement of the muscles in chinning and a similar isometric contraction with the hands held so that the forearms were in the positions of pronation, supination, and alternated; i.e., one pronated and one supinated. Data from 51 college men suggest that the position of the hands have little, if any, effect on scores. Differences among positions for isometric contractions were not significant. While differences were significant for chinning, the variation from position to position was no greater than that from trial to trial in the same position.
Epilogue: Genealogies of Space in Colonial and Postcolonial Reenactment

We owe it, among others, to Herodotus that the concept of space has always been central to historical representation. The fifth-century Halicarnassan linked motion through space with traversing time, defining historia as the investigation of klea andron, men’s great and marvelous deeds. Historia was to be accomplished through travel to the edges of the oikoumene, the inhabited world (1996: xiii–xiv). This idea resonated in the eighteenth century, when the European enthusiasm for travel and foreign discovery was a source of inspiration for the emerging historiographical discipline. Reacting against armchair speculators who wrote about the Roman past without ever having set foot in Italy or about the French Revolution with no firsthand knowledge of France, late eighteenth-century scholars insisted on the need to see things for themselves. Good history writing, they felt, depended both on eyewitnessing and fixing past events in a specific time and place. Spatial location thus encompassed all three components of historical writing deemed important during the Enlightenment—investigative method, subject matter, and rhetoric. Space was where the historian uncovered his material and tested his hypotheses, while the description of space was integral to a persuasive and credible historical account. To reliably represent the past was to, in some way, convincingly stage the “showplaces of history” (Anon. 1785: 3ff).