cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Cooperative Game Theoretical Technique for Joint Optimization of Energy Consumption and Response Time in Computational Grids

With the explosive growth in computers and the growing scarcity in electric supply, reduction of energy consumption in large-scale computing systems has become a research issue of paramount importance. In this paper, we study the problem of allocation of tasks onto a computational grid, with the aim to simultaneously minimize the energy consumption and the makespan subject to the constraints of deadlines and tasks' architectural requirements. We propose a solution from cooperative game theory based on the concept of Nash bargaining solution. In this cooperative game, machines collectively arrive at a decision that describes the task allocation that is collectively best for the system, ensuring that the allocations are both energy and makespan optimized. Through rigorous mathematical proofs we show that the proposed cooperative game in mere O(n mlog(m)) time (where n is the number of tasks and m is the number of machines in the system) produces a Nash bargaining solution that guarantees Pareto-optimally. The simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves superior performance compared to the greedy and linear relaxation (LR) heuristics, and with competitive performance relative to the optimal solution implemented in LINDO for small-scale problems.
Ultramicrotoming of Ceramic Powders for Electron Microscopy

Compacts of monosize TiO2 particles and agglomerates of TiO2 and γ-alumina were infiltrated with Spurr's epoxy resin, cured, and ultramicrotomed. Transmission electron microscopy of the thin sections revealed the packing of the TiO2 spheres and the structure of the agglomerates.
Giant vein graft aneurysm complicated by Loeys-Dietz syndrome.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a recently reported autosomal dominant aortic aneurysm syndrome with widespread systemic involvement. Although connective tissue diseases carry a theoretical risk of aneurysmal degeneration in vein grafts, there are no reports of vein graft aneurysm (VGA) in patients with connective tissue disease. We herein report the first case of a giant VGA that was manifested 5 years after the reconstruction of a popliteal artery aneurysm associated with LDS. A pathologic examination of the VGA revealed high proteoglycan deposition and medial degeneration of the diffuse type in the VGA; these findings conformed to LDS.
Influence of Grain Size on the Grinding Response of Alumina

The effect of grain size on the grinding response, i. e., grinding forces, surface roughness, and grinding-induced subsurface damage, is investigated in a series of alumina ceramics with the average grain size ranging from 3 to 35 μm. The grinding forces are measured as a function of depth of cut in surface grinding. It is found that the grinding forces decrease as the grain size is increased from 3 to 9 μm. But at larger grain sizes, the grinding forces are independent of the grain size. Subsurface damage in grinding is observed using a bonded-interface sectioning technique. The subsurface damage is found to consist of intragrain twin/slip bands and intergranular microcracks. The density of grinding-induced subsurface microcracks increases with the grain size. In addition to using optical microscopy on the sections of the ground specimens, a nondestructive thermal wave measurement technique is used directly on the ground surfaces for the detection of grinding-induced subsurface microcracks. The grain size dependence of the microcrack density estimated from the thermal images is found to agree with the results obtained using the bonded-interface technique.
Shareholder Reactions to Judicial Decisions Affecting Sales Tax and Direct Marketing Activities

This study examines shareholder reactions to judicial decisions that affect sales tax collection by firms conducting direct marketing activities. Abnormal returns are measured for four dates related to the 1992 United States Supreme Court decision in Quill. Results do not indicate statistically significant returns, but some tests indicate differential firm reactions. Therefore, abnormal returns are also calculated for subsets of firms that are relatively more affected by the court decisions, but no statistically significant results are obtained. More research is needed in order to determine whether sales tax avoidance is a meaningful incentive for mail order and Internet purchasers.
Building energy simulation in real time through an open standard interface

Building energy models (BEMs) are typically used for design and code compliance for new buildings and in the renovation of existing buildings to predict energy use. The increasing adoption of BEM as standard practice in the building industry presents an opportunity to extend the use of BEMs into construction, commissioning and operation. In 2009, the authors developed a real-time simulation framework to execute an EnergyPlus model in real time to improve building operation. This paper reports an enhancement of that real-time energy simulation framework. The previous version only works with software tools that implement the custom co-simulation interface of the Building Controls Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB), such as EnergyPlus, Dymola and TRNSYS. The new version uses an open standard interface, the Functional Mockup Interface (FMI), to provide a generic interface to any application that supports the FMI protocol. In addition, the new version utilizes the Simple Measurement and Actuation Profile (sMAP) tool as the data acquisition system to acquire, store and present data. This paper introduces the updated architecture of the real-time simulation framework using FMI and presents proof-of-concept demonstration results which validate the new framework.
Benefits and work-schedule options for female hospital pharmacists

Female hospital pharmacists were surveyed to determine what benefits and work-schedule options they want and how they feel about those currently offered. Questionnaires were mailed to 750 randomly selected female ASHP members to (1) collect employment and personal data, (2) determine which of 13 family-related benefits and work-schedule options were offered at their institutions, (3) assess use of and attitudes about these options, and (4) determine whether use and attitudes differ by position or parental status. The options included in the survey were selected because they represent ways of balancing home and work (e.g., job sharing, day care, parental leave). The usable response rate was 65.3%. About 59% were married and 40% had children. Most (83.3%) held full-time positions, and 36.5% held staff nonclinical positions. More than 70% of the respondents indicated that a flexible schedule, flextime, and maternity leave were important in combining personal and professional roles. Respondents indicated that many of the benefits and work-schedule options that were not routinely offered would be used to a great extent if offered. Forty percent reported satisfaction with current benefits and work-schedule options. Many surveyed female ASHP members considered their current benefits and work-schedule options less than optimal and would be interested in more flexible schedules and benefits.
The 13-point Likert scale: a breakthrough in educational assessment.

I n one of the best-known scenes of Milos Forman’s 1984 Academy Award winning film, Amadeus, the young Mozart upstages his rival, the composer Antonio Salieri with a performance of the ‘‘Abduction from Seraglio.’’ After the performance, Mozart is filled with pride and positively twitching with excitement as the Austrian Emperor, Joseph II, comes forward to share his congratulations. Mozart’s wide smile evaporates, however, when the emperor punctuates his compliments with a bit of regal advice: ‘‘There are too many notes.’’ Mozart, stunned, replies, ‘‘I don’t understand. There are just as many notes, Majesty, as are required. Neither more nor less.’’ To which the emperor responds, somewhat patronizingly, ‘‘There are simply too many notes. Cut a few and it will be perfect.’’ This moment of cinematic history offers an important insight into the relationships between quality and quantity. In some cases, the effort to improve the quality of an activity or program by tinkering with one of its quantitative aspects represents a form of category mistake, like telling a painter that she should use less red. In other cases, however, the Emperor Josephs of the world may have an important point to make. That is, one of the best opportunities to enhance quality is by tinkering with quantity. For example, there is pretty clear evidence that the quality of relationships such as marriage depends in part on the quality of the conversation between spouses. In general, spouses in strong marriages speak morewords to one another on a daily basis than those in failing and doomed relationships. We believe that a similar lesson applies to one of the education world’s most prized assessment techniques, the Likert scale. Developed by psychologist Rensis Likert (1903–1981) as part of his doctoral thesis at Columbia University, the scale was intended to collect deeper information about attitudes than the competing methods of the time. Even people without a strong background in educational assessment are familiar with Likert’s 5-point scale, with response options ranging from ‘‘strongly disagree’’ to ‘‘disagree’’ to ‘‘neutral’’ to ‘‘agree’’ to ‘‘strongly agree.’’ Interestingly, Likert himself, though the inventor of his eponymous scale, frequently argued for the
Femtosecond Electron Dynamics at Surfaces and Interfaces.

Time and angle resolved two photon photoemision has been used to study dynamic electron localization and solvation at methanol and n-heptane covered metal surfaces. Coverage dependant localization is observed for methylthiolate on Ag(111).
Computer Aided Tax Evasion Policy Analysis: Directed Search using Autonomous Agents

Abusive tax shelters implemented through partnerships and S corporations have become increasingly popular amongst tax planners, helping high-income taxpayers to underreport an estimated $91 billion of income annually in the US alone. The most challenging problems for tax collection agencies in this respect are a) the recent upswing in large, tiered partnership structures and b) the evolving nature of tax evasion schemes in response to auditing policy.By representing tax evasion schemes as sequences of financial transactions, we are able to conduct a directed combinatoric search that can find effective abusive tax shelters, given an initial ecosystem of taxable entities and their respective portfolios. Assigning auditing likelihoods to certain types of transactions allows us to consider policies that would result in increased compliance. We accomplish this by considering each tax plan and auditing policy as individual agents.
Dynamics of a Nonoutbreak Population of the Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) in Southern Oregon

A low-density population of the Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough), was studied for 13 yr in a mixed-conifer forest in south central Oregon. The densities of tussock moth and associated mortalities in each life stage were estimated over seven consecutive generations by sampling larvae and artificially stocking egg masses and pupae. A single census of early larvae was made annually for an additional 6 yr. Mortalities were summarized in life tables, converted to k -values, and analyzed to detect key factors, compensatory interactions, and density dependence. The largest losses in each generation were from the disappearance of larvae and the parasitization of eggs. A large, unexplained error was also present in most generations. None of the estimated mortality factors qualified alone as a key factor; however, the combined parasitization of eggs, larvae, and pupae was more closely related to changes in generation mortality than was predation of these stages. Parasitization was also delayed density-dependent, but predation was independent of density over the 7 yr that life-table data were collected. The major mortality factors interacted in a compensatory way, so that their combined effects for the full 13 yr of the study were delayed density-dependent and regulatory. This parasite/predator-prey system with a time lag apparently explains the low-density oscillation of tussock moth abundance.
Turnover of Structural Protein Fractions in Denervated Muscle.

SummaryStudies were made of the incorporation of a radioactive amino acid into various fractions of rat skeletal muscle structural proteins in vivo and in vitro, in order to compare protein turnove...
Measuring Price and Quality of Consumers' Goods

IT IS THE ambition of every price economist to obtain price series for goods of identical quality, and it is by now generally recognized how difficult it is to realize that ambition in the consumers' goods field. There may have been a time when students of retail prices were content to say "The average price of beef steak in the United States in I929 was 46 cents per pound" without any qualifications as to the kind or quality of the steak, or whether the average represented all communities in the United States, or simply all cities, or what is more likely, simply all large cities. If there ever was a time when average retail prices were used in such an uncritical fashion, it certainly is past. Price controls, wage controls, and buying experiences during the war have made people in every walk of life intensely conscious of the relationship between price and quality. Difficult as it still is to provide the analyst with figures on prices of consumers' goods of constant quality, it is much easier to do so now than it was in the I92o's and in our opinion will be easier to do so in the future.
Computational aeroacoustics via the space-time conservation element/solution element method

The method of space-time conservation element solution element (STCS) for 2-D Euler equations is briefly introduced. The scheme is found to possess almost no dispersion etior and the non-reflecting boundary condition is strikingly simple. It is then carefully tested in several benchmark CAA (Computational Aeroacoustics) problems from weak linear acoustic waves to strongly non-linear or even discontinuous waves to demonstrate its robustness.
The creative code An organisational influence on the creative process in advertising

A study investigated the phenomenon, called the creative code, which is a collection of implicit theories about an advertising agency’s creative product that are held by people within a creative department. A foundation was built upon organisation-culture theory. Evidence in literature supported the conceptualisation of the construct. Personal interviews with creative personnel at a midwestern US advertising agency found evidence for a creative code and its components, sources, conditionality and consequences. The study implies that a creative code should be considered as an independent or dependent variable in research about advertising creativity. Client and agency managers and creative employees also may benefit from being more cognisant of the creative code that exists within agency organisations.
Enactment and play following medical trauma. An analytic case study.

This paper on the four-year analysis of a five-year-old girl with a school phobia details the playroom enactments of medical trauma and its sequelae. Early in the analysis the patient expressed her...
Pragmatic roles in central Somali narrative discourse

This paper compares the marking of pragmatic roles in Central Somali oral narrative discourse and elicited question-answer pairs to illustrate the claim that information structure must be studied within the context of particular discourse genres. The study of pragmatic roles in Central Somali is especially interesting because clause-level focus is explicitly marked through the particle yaa. The functions of this particle in elicitation question-answer pairs and narrative discourse are compared, and it is shown that elicitation data exhibit only a few of the possible functions of yaa, viz. as a marker of assertive and contrastive focus. In contrast, narrative discourse provides examples of yaa as a marker of both event-clause focus and discourse topic. This result is discussed within the context of discourse coherence and is shown to be not as surprising as it first appears. In addition, narrative focus constructions (defined as the most salient section of new information in a narrative text) are shown to be formally well-defined and functionally important in giving coherence to a narrative, although no counterpart has been found in elicitation data. In conclusion, it is noted that pragmatic roles should be studied in a broad range of discourse genres in addition to elicited question-answer data, since each genre may illustrate different functions of the same constructions.
Myasthenia triggered by immune checkpoint inhibitors: New case and literature review

Immune checkpoint molecules are potent regulators of immunologic homeostasis that prevent the development of autoimmunity while maintaining self-tolerance. Inhibitors of immune checkpoint molecules are used as immunotherapy in the treatment of melanoma and different types of refractory cancer, and can trigger various autoimmune complications including myositis and myasthenia gravis. We describe a case of generalized myasthenia gravis induced by pembrolizumab and review 11 other cases. Five patients also had elevated serum CK levels ranging from 1200 to 8729 IU/L, and biopsy showed myositis in one. Severity was highly variable as symptoms normalized spontaneously in one patient, but three others developed myasthenic crisis (including two with fatal outcomes). Steroids have been recommended as a preferred treatment of autoimmune complications of immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Myasthenia gravis should be considered when weakness, diplopia or bulbar symptoms are seen after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, and additional studies are needed to characterize association with hyperCKemia.
Capsulorraphie dans les instabilités volontaires de l’épaule: Résultats chez l’enfant et l’adolescent

Resume L’instabilite chronique de l’epaule est une pathologie peu frequente avant la fermeture de la physe humerale superieure. Ces instabilites sont souvent volontaires, c’est-a-dire reproductibles plus ou moins facilement par l’interesse. L’experience rapportee repose sur l’etude de 29 cas. Deux categories d’instabilites volontaires etaient identifiables. Celles parfaitement asymptomatiques (10 cas), et, celles douloureuses (19 cas), retentissant dans certains actes de la vie courante ou sportive. Ces instabilites etaient le plus souvent posterieures (15 fois) survenant volontiers dans le cadre d’une laxite multidirectionnelle. La reeducation inefficace pour 11 de ces cas a fait proposer une capsulorraphie, devant l’absence constante de lesions osseuses et du bourrelet. Ces interventions avec un recul moyen de 8 ans ont apporte indolence et stabilite a toutes ces epaules.
Introduction to Gender and Religion

The three chapters in Part II on gender and religion are linked in that each offers an alternative or out-of-the-mainstream approach to conflict transformation, though each takes a very different approach. Carolina Rehrmann’s chapter focuses on gender. She explores the disproportionate role women play in initiating transformation and reconciliation efforts after horrific violence and war. The chapters by Richard Friedli and David P. Gushee focus on religion. Friedli addresses the religious dimensions in intergroup conflict and explores religious resources for reconciliation. Gushee’s chapter explores the ethical contribution of the late Christian ethicist Glen Stassen’s ‘just peacemaking’ theory, which distils ten peacemaking practices. Together the three chapters offer diverse alternative approaches to conflict transformation, drawing from different disciplines, contexts, and historical eras.
Benefits of solar electric propulsion for the next generation of planetary exploration missions

Planetary missions of the future will have increasingly greater energy requirements due to the desire for in-situ investigations and faster flight times. Solar electric propulsion provides a means of more effectively accomplishing these types of missions. The first planetary low-thrust mission will be launched in July 1998, and fly by an asteroid, a comet, and the planet Mars. This mission will demonstrate solar electric propulsion technology, and lay the groundwork for more exciting missions in the future. Three missions representative of the types of future missions for which solar electric propulsion might be used are shown. In each case, the performance of solar electric propulsion and chemical options are compared.
Secondary Angle Closure due to Crystalline Lens Dislocation in a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis and Chronic Eye Rubbing.

Purpose To report an unusual case of ectopia lentis and angle closure in a patient with chronic eye rubbing. Methods A 57-year-old male with a history of poorly controlled atopic dermatitis presented with right eye pain, decreased vision, and an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 55 mm Hg. He had no past history of ocular disease and no reported history of trauma. He did report a history of chronic eye rubbing. Results Best corrected visual acuity was hand motions. The examination revealed severe atopic keratoconjunctivitis in both eyes, microcystic corneal edema of the right eye, and 2+ nuclear sclerosis in both eyes. Gonioscopy showed no visible angle structures OD and an open angle OS. Topical and oral IOP-lowering medications and a laser iridotomy were unsuccessful at lowering IOP. He was taken to the operating room for a lensectomy and was found to have 9 clock hours of zonular dehiscence and a dislocated lens. After lensectomy, the IOP improved to 9 mm Hg on postoperative day 1. A follow-up examination at 2 weeks showed improved acuity to 20/150 with a pinhole and an IOP of 10 mm Hg. A dilated examination OS did not reveal significant phacodonesis, and the patient was referred for a possible sutured sulcus lens or anterior chamber intraocular lens. Conclusions It is important for the provider to consider ectopia lentis in the differential for patients with pupillary block angle closure. For patients with atopic disease, one should be aware that eye rubbing may be a cause of zonular dehiscence, even in the absence of reported trauma or prior intraocular surgery.
An illocutionary account of reportative evidentials in imperatives

This paper provides a detailed analysis of reportative evidentials in imperative sentences, drawing on original fieldwork in Tagalog and Yucatec Maya. Previous literature presents two distinct views of such sentences, which we dub 'imperative-by-proxy' and 'neutral report' views. Based on a range of data across different sorts of imperative uses in different sorts of contexts, we argue for a version of the 'imperative-by-proxy' theory and propose a formal analysis with theory of illocutionary updates.
Managing Adolescent Asthma: More than Just Medications

Adolescents with asthma have an increased morbidity and mortality compared to their younger pediatric counterparts and poorer quality of life than their healthy peers. Increasing evidence is demonstrating that by adolescence and young adulthood, patients with asthma may have reduced lung growth and irreversible airway obstruction. As such, efforts should focus on appropriate diagnosis and personalized therapy. Several barriers exist to optimizing such care in adolescents including poor adherence, tobacco and substance abuse, psychiatric conditions, and peer influences. Providers and families must work with adolescents at a level in which the adolescent will engage to both overcome these barriers and assume self-management of their disease. The use of technology may be one potential route to meet adolescents where they are in their management. By providing tailored asthma-specific transitional care guidance starting early in adolescence, teenagers with asthma will develop the appropriate tools to manage their own asthma successfully into adulthood.
The Search for Meaning and the Conundrum of Authority in The Castle

Franz Kafka’s deliberation on the nature of authority in The Castle leads to the conclusion that though authority cannot be escaped, authority fosters communalism and facilitates interpersonal communication. Kafka’s titular Castle is an impenetrable, oftentimes nonsensical authority, but its inefficient bureaucracy does not lessen its power and instead strengthens it. Under its influence, K. undertakes a religious enterprise towards accepting the impenetrability of authority.
Malnutrition and Brain Development

According to a recent report of the World Health Organization,1 an estimated 21 million babies born throughout the world in 1979 were of “low birth weight” (2500 g or less). Low birth weight is often associated with brain underdevelopment and mental subnormality.2–4 Similar observations pertain to the early postnatal period.5
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) (previously called neurogenic sarcomas, malignant schwannomas, or neurofibrosarcomas) are soft tissue sarcomas, which arise from a peripheral nerve or show nerve sheath differentiation. MPNSTs are associated with a high risk of local recurrence and predominantly hematogenous metastasis. They account for 10 % of all soft tissue sarcomas, and approximately half of these malignancies arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). MPNSTs occur in about 2–5 % of patients with NF1 compared with an incidence of 0.001 % in the general population. In contrast, in a large population-based longitudinal study the lifetime risk of developing an MPNST in NF1 was 8–13 %. In patients with NF1, the majority of MPNSTs arise in a previous clinically detectable plexiform neurofibroma, but MPNST may also develop as a primary tumor.
Radioimmunotherapy of Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate cancer accounts for 25 % of the newly diagnosed cancers among men in developed countries. With the availability of serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) determinations, many patients present early with limited disease but a significant percent will experience recurrences and will eventually die from disseminated disease. Initial evaluation of the extent of disease is rendered difficult by the biology of the disease involving micrometastases in bone marrow and lymph nodes that are often too small to detect in the early stages of the disease with currently available methods. Even when a rising PSA suggests that there is residual disease, the multifocal nature of metastatic prostate carcinoma renders surgical and external beam radiation therapy of little value after treatment of the primary tumor. Whereas androgen deprivation is transiently effective as therapy for as long as 12–18 months in some patients, it is not curative. Subsequent use of chemotherapy is transiently beneficial in a subset of patients but progression of disease is inevitable. Hence, prostate carcinoma represents a distinct challenge and opportunity for radioimmunotherapy based upon selective targeting of tumor sites by an immunoglobulin to which a radioactive atom has been attached, thus serving as a vehicle for targeted radiotherapy.
Surgical Correction of Postoperative Strabismus

When faced with a patient who has sustained a cranial nerve paresis in the setting of a brain tumor or as a complication of the treatment of that brain tumor, the same surgical principles that underlie all strabismus applies. That is, in order to realign the ocular axes, the extraocular muscles need to be repositioned on one or both globes so that the mechanical plant of the orbit is altered to align both eyes simultaneously on the target of regard. In the case of a meningioma or its treatment, this almost always implies an incomitant strabismus. An incomitant strabismus means that the relative position of the eyes in space changes constantly as a function of position in space. In contrast, a comitant strabismus means that the angle of misalignment is constant in all fields of gaze. A constant misalignment is much more amenable to surgical therapy as it is easier to devise a surgery on the extraocular muscles in order to reestablish ocular alignment. For instance, if a child is born with an esotropia (an inward deviation of the eyes) of 20 diopters, the typical therapy would be to recess both medial recti approximately 5 mm. Because the deviation is comitant, this maneuver would be expected to realign the ocular axes in all positions of gaze. Should, however, the esotropic deviation be incomitant, such as would be found in a sixth nerve paresis, merely recessing both medical recti for the esotropia might only correct the deviation in the primary position and produce misalignment in eccentric gaze positions. Therefore, the treatment of incomitant deviations in the setting of a brain tumor presents a particular challenge to the strabismus surgeon. Typically, the goal of surgery for cranial nerve palsies of 3, 4, and 6 is to attempt to align the eyes only for the primary position and inform the patient that realignment in all positions of gaze is usually not possible. The timing of surgery for cranial nerve palsies depends to some extent on the situation. In the case of a meningioma, if the surgeon is certain that the nerve was not cut, a period of observation of approximately 6 months is recommended before proceeding with any sort of surgery. If, on the other hand, any of the cranial nerves were cut during a procedure, then a shorter waiting time might be indicated. For meningiomas that are radiated without surgery, most surgeons will wait approximately a year before planning any sort of strabismus surgery in order to judge the effects of the radiation therapy. In this chapter we will review the options for surgically and nonsurgically addressing the meningioma patient with postoperative diplopia.
Intravascular Microbubbles: An Ultra-Effective Means of Transporting Oxygen

Intravascular microbubbles generated by the intravenous injection of very small doses of a 2% emulsion of dodecafluoropentane were demonstrated to be able to transport physiologically significant amounts of oxygen in animal experiments. Thus, the treatment sustained life in rats and pigs with potentially fatal erythrocytopenia caused by hemorrhage and hemodilution, and adequate oxygenation was preserved in severe right-to-left circulatory shunts caused by partial airway blockage in pigs.
Prediction of Weyl semimetal, AFM topological insulator, nodal line semimetal, and Chern insulator phases in Bi2MnSe4.

Three dimensional materials with strong spin-orbit coupling and magnetic interactions represent an opportunity to realize a variety of rare and potentially useful topological phases. In this work, we use first principles calculations to show that the recently synthesized material Bi2MnSe4 displays a combination of band inversion and magnetic interactions, leading to several topological phases. Bi2PbSe4, also studied, also displays band inversion and is a topological insulator. In bulk form, the ferromagnetic phase of Bi2MnSe4 is either a nodal line or Weyl semimetal, depending on the direction of the spins. When the spins are arranged in a layered antiferromagnetic configuration, the combination of time reversal plus a partial translation is a new symmetry, and the material instead becomes an antiferromagnetic topological insulator. However, the intrinsic TRS breaking at the surface of Bi2MnSe4 removes the typical Dirac cone feature, allowing the observation of the half-integer quantum anomalous Hall effect (AHC). Furthermore, we show that in thin film form, for some thicknesses, Bi2MnSe4 becomes a Chern insulator with a band gap of up to 58 meV. This combination of properties in a stoichiometric magnetic material makes Bi2MnSe4 an excellent candidate for displaying robust topological behavior.
Changes in local context and electoral support for the populist radical right: Evidence from Finland:

Immigration, economic hardship, and the European Union (EU) are typically emphasized as key concerns for the electorates of European populist radical right (PRR) parties. At the subnational level, ...
Demand for Information and Stock Returns: Evidence from EDGAR

This paper empirically shows that information acquisition affects stock returns by reducing firm-level information asymmetry. When firms disclose material information known by insiders, information acquisition reduces asymmetric information and lowers stock returns. The effect is stronger for both unexpectedly good and bad news than anticipated news and when investors have a lower cost of information processing. Using the Northeast Blackout of 2003 as a natural experiment, I explore an exogenous shock in information acquisition and show causally that information acquisition reduces information asymmetry in a difference-in-differences setting.
The Gordian Knot-If You Cannot Solve it, Cut it: Treating Guidewire Bending While Obtaining Arterial Access

Femoral arterial access was obtained using a micropuncture needle under ultrasound guidance ([Figure 1A][1]). A 0.018-inch guidewire was inserted through the needle ([Figures 1B and 1C][1]), but attempts to advance a dilator into the artery failed because of severe guidewire kinking ([Figures 1D
Predicting Adsorption Energies Using Multifidelity Data.

In this paper, we show that the binding energy of small adsorbates on transition-metal surfaces can be modeled to a high level of fidelity with data from multiple sources using multitask Gaussian p...
The Large UV/Optical/Infrared (LUVOIR) surveyor: engineering design and technology overview

The Large Ultraviolet / Optical / Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR) is one of four large mission concepts being study by NASA in preparation for the 2020 Decadal Survey in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Over the past three and a half years, the LUVOIR Science and Technology Definition Team (STDT) and Study Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center have developed a broad, compelling science case for LUVOIR, and detailed engineering point designs to achieve it. In this paper, we provide an overview of the two LUVOIR concepts: LUVOIR-A, a 15-m segmented, obscured aperture observatory, and LUVOIR-B, an 8-m segmented, unobscured aperture observatory. Both versions of LUVOIR cover a broad spectral range between 100 nm and 2.5 μm with a suite of imagers and spectrographs, including the High Definition Imager (HDI), the LUVOIR Ultraviolet Multi-object Spectrograph (LUMOS), and the Extreme Coronagraph for Living Planetary Systems (ECLIPS). LUVOIR-A will carry an additional fourth instrument, Pollux, a high-resolution UV spectropolarimeter being studied by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Both versions of LUVOIR are also designed to be serviceable and upgradeable. We will also provide a summary of the LUVOIR technology development program, which identifies critical enabling technologies, enhancing technologies, and a development plan to mature those technologies to TRL 6.
Climate Wrongs and Human Rights

Amidst disproportionate climate-related harms and inadequate responses, affected groups have turned to legal mobilization. This chapter analyzes socio-ecological complexity and territorial limits as themes of enduring relevance in official responses to the Inuit Circumpolar Council’s and the Maldives’ foundational legal claims that climate change violates human rights, considering these against the backdrop of evolving understanding of responsibility for climate-related harm in scientific, political, and public discourse. The claims demonstrated that when legal analysis integrates scientific and traditional knowledge, climate change can be seen as violating rights internationally and identifiable actors as culpable. Respondents disagreed, citing the complexity of climate-related harms. Unresolved gaps between these interpretations raise doubts about law’s relevance to growing global inequities of climate change and other processes that mix people, places, and things.
Pyrogenic Carbon Increases Pitch Pine Seedling Growth, Soil Moisture Retention, and Photosynthetic Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency in the Field

ABSTRACT Climate change and land management are altering forest fire frequency and intensity worldwide. In some Northeast U.S. forests, pitch pine (Pinus rigida Miller) is not suffering from presence but rather a lack of wildfire events. In their absence, prescribed fire is being used to diminish fuel loads, open canopies and reduce competition. Pyrogenic carbon (PyC) produced by the fires may also improve soil moisture retention and plant physiological processes. Where the application of prescribed fire is not feasible due to nearby human populations, we reason prescribed fire PyC could be replaced by anthropogenic PyC product to provide similar soil benefits. We tested this hypothesis with pitch pine seedlings at a site absent overstory planted in submerged tree pots with control and PyC-imbued soils. Investigators found anthropogenic and forest PyC fostered similar growth, soil moisture retention and photosynthetic intrinsic water use efficiency, both significantly higher than unamended soils. We conclude anthropogenic subsurface PyC soil amendment provides a conservation management tool for enhancing benefits in ecosystems where prescribed fire is not a viable option in northerly forests in the U.S.
Disease-associated mutations in the human TRPM3 render the channel overactive via two distinct mechanisms

Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 3 (TRPM3) is a Ca2+ permeable non-selective cation channel activated by heat and chemical agonists such as pregnenolone sulfate and CIM0216. TRPM3 mutations in humans were recently reported to be associated with intellectual disability and epilepsy; the functional effects of those mutations, however, were not reported. Here, we show that both disease-associated mutations in the human TRPM3 render the channel overactive, but likely via different mechanisms. The Val to Met substitution in the S4-S5 loop induced a larger increase in basal activity and agonist sensitivity at room temperature than the Pro to Gln substitution in the extracellular segment of S6. In contrast, heat activation was increased more by the S6 mutant than by the S4-S5 segment mutant. Both mutants were inhibited by the TRPM3 antagonist primidone, suggesting a potential therapeutic intervention to treat this disease.
Effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on plasma lipid in patients with coronary heart disease.

Objective To investigate the effects of Helicohacter pylori infection on plasma lipid levels. Methods HpIgG was measured by ELISA in both 242 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 88 subjects without CHD, and compared between these two groups. Then 242 patients with CHD were divided into HpIgG positive group and HpIgG negative group ,and total cholesterol (TC) ,triglyceride (TG) ,high density lipaprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein A (ApoA) , apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were analyzed and compared between these two subgroups. Results The rate of seropositivity for HpIgG in CHD patients was significantly higher than that of controls (53.3 % vs. 38.6 %, P 0.05). Conclusion Hp infection may be associated with CHD. It may pro-mote the pathogenesis of CHD through lowering serum HDL-C level. Key words: Coronary heart disease; Helicubacter pylori; Plasma lipid
Certain perspectives about the use of corticosteroids for managing hospitalized patients with rheumatic diseases

The administration of cortisone to a bedridden patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) 70 years ago was a transformative event in modern medicine. We have since struggled to balance the near-miraculous anti-rheumatic with the yet all-too-frequent devastating side effects of glucocorticoids (GC). With the current availability of newer disease-modifying and biologic anti-rheumatic agents, we were rather surprised to note that 94% of sick hospitalized patients with systemic rheumatic diseases at our medical center were on corticosteroids during a 3-month observation period. Comparing contemporary with past practices from historical references, we confirmed a perhaps paradoxical trend of increasing steroid usage in certain contexts over the years. Sixty-seven percent of our hospitalized lupus patients were started on GC of greater than 30 mg prednisone equivalent compared with 50% in the 1950s. Seventy-five percent of our RA inpatients had their GC dose increased on discharge. Both (2/2) our new RA patients were started on GC, compared with 69% in the 2000s and just 36% in the 1990s. This likely reflects both improved abilities to keep sick patients alive and inability of other anti-rheumatic therapies to consistently induce or sustain disease remission compared with the usually highly efficacious yet inexpensive GC in these particular patients. Administration of glucocorticoids to ill, often infected, patients with systemic rheumatic diseases remains more art than science. Current perspectives view glucocorticoids as considerably less salutary than previously thought; we are still challenged to keep our patients from developing preventable complications. These observations emphasize the need for more and better therapeutic alternatives to glucocorticoids. There are now several examples—disease-modifying and biologic medications for RA and biologics for lupus and vasculitis—that suggest the possibility of caring for our patients without the historical reliance on corticosteroids. We have made enormous progress since steroids were first offered to a patient with RA in 1948. We are hopeful the future will bring us interventions of comparable or better efficacy that are safer.
An Adaptive QoS Model for Sustainable Energy in ZigBee Based Home Area Network

Today, one way to make electricity supply and consumption efficient, reliable, convenient, and cost-effective is by using the Smart Grid (SG) system. The SG utilizes renewable and non-renewable energy sources, together with embedded digital and information technologies to make possible the communication between electricity producers and consumers for effective power generation, distribution, and management. One of the functional units of SG is the Home Area Network (HAN). It comprises the home appliances, actuators and sensors that produce electrical data within the network. For our research consideration, we focus on the ZigBee-based HAN. A major challenge for HAN is achieving an optimum Quality-of-service (QoS) delivery across the network. Despite the interest in this area of study, little progress has been made to put together an algorithm or develop a model that will resolve response time concerns. In this paper, we propose an adaptive QoS model that uses real-time feedback loop and a queuing model predictor to control the admittance of data into the ZigBee Coordinator’s queue. This ensures the desired performance control is obtained.
Whiggism, creativity and the historiography of technoscience

To what extent should historians allow the circumstances of their time influence judgement and understanding of the past? This question was first famously raised in 1931 by Herbert Butterfield and, following his lead, the viewing of the past through the lens of the present came to be called whiggism. And ever since Butterfield, conventional historiographical wisdom has dictated that whiggism should be avoided at all cost. However, in the realm of certain ‘special histories’ such as those of science and technology, a critical factor intrudes not normally thought of in political, social or economic historiography: creativity. Such histories are ‘special’ not only because their respective domains demand specialized knowledge on the historians’ part but also because they are histories of creative work. In this paper we argue, drawing upon episodes in the history of computing that the historiography of such creative domains as technological invention and scientific discovery fully justifies adopting a whiggish interpretation.
7 Year Old Male with an Enlarging, Round Area of Hair Loss

A 7 year old male presents with loss of hair over the past 5 months. It began as a small annular area which slowly enlarged to cover the occipital scalp.
External Josephson effect in Bose-Einstein condensates with a spin degree of freedom

We consider the Josephson effect between two spatially separated Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms each of which can be in two hyperfine states. We derive simple equations of motion for this system closely analogous to the Bloch equations. We also map the dynamics of the system onto those of a classical particle in a well. We find density and spin modes of oscillation and stable equilibrium points of the motion that are unstable in the spinless case. Finally we analyze the oscillation modes in the spin-1 $(F=1)$ case.
Molecular Koch's postulates applied to bacterial pathogenicity — a personal recollection 15 years later

Koch's postulates were derived from Robert Koch's work on infectious diseases, such as anthrax and tuberculosis, which still engage us to this day. These guidelines were an attempt to establish a standard for identifying the specific causation of an infectious disease and to convince sceptics that microorganisms could cause disease. They were also established to encourage an increasing number of novice microbiologists to use more rigorous criteria before claiming a causal relationship between a microorganism and a disease.
The LMT Transformational System

We present a newly designed transformational system for the MT system LMT, consisting of a transformational formalism, LMT-TL, and an algorithm for applying transformations written in this formalism. LMT-TL is both expressive and simple because of the systematic use of a powerful pattern matching mechanism that focuses on dependency trees. LMT-TL is a language in its own right, with no "escapes" to underlying programming languages. We first provide an overview of the complete LMT translation process (all newly redesigned), and then give a self-contained description of LMT-TL, with examples.
PC-based measurement and analysis of traffic vibrations

The purpose of this paper is to present the general requirements and procedures for measurement and analysis of traffic-induced vibrations and to discuss the methods that are currently in use at IRC/NRC. The following topics are addressed: (i) measurement systems with special emphasis on recording of vibration signals using portable multi-channel PC-based data acquisition systems (ii) 1/3 octave spectrum analysis and frequency weighting of vibration time-histories using digital filtering on PCs, and (iii) measurement practices such as transducers, mounting methods and sampling rates
Who “Wins”? Determining the Party of the Prime Minister

The prime ministership is the preeminent political post in parliamentary democracies. Yet few studies examine PM party choice, perhaps under the assumption that the choice is a simple function of party size. In this article, we argue that key strategic actors and the context in which government negotiations take place can play a critical role in PM party choice. We test our hypotheses using a mixed logit with random coefficients on an original data set comprising PM selection opportunities in 28 European countries. Our methodological approach allows us to incorporate qualitative concerns about heterogeneity and causal complexity into our analysis. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that the largest party is often disadvantaged when it comes to PM party choice, that some presidents play an influential role in choosing the PM, and that the value of being the incumbent depends on one’s performance in office and how the previous government ended.