cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Drinking Water Quality in Guangzhou City from 1996 to 2005

Objective To evaluate the quality of source water and water from the drinking water treatment plant in Guangzhou.Method The water quality monitoring data between 1996 and 2005 were analyzed and compared with the standard of water quality shown in the environmental quality standard for surface water and sanitary standards for drinking water.Result Deterioration of the source water quality was not observed in Guangzhou.The levels of manganese contamination,oxygen demand,and nitrite in the Pearl River water system were higher than the Beijiang and Dongjiang water system.In pass ten years,only 62.07%～88.89% of the treated drinking water from the water treatment plants are up to the standard.Conclusion Further improvement of water quality is required.Appropriate actions should be taken to monitor,manage,and protect the source water.New technology in water treatment should be used.
Agricultural Biotechnology and Environmental Risks: A Program Perspective

The application of biotechnology to agricultural problems holds great promise and inspires lively debate. The promise of agricultural biotechnology includes crops that resist pests and diseases, thrive in spite of environmental stresses like drought or salinity, and provide increased nutritional value. The debate encompasses both biological and societal questions, many of which are not easily answered. This paper will discuss some of the more commonly cited environmental concerns associated with transgenic plants and animals. They are grouped into five categories: movement of transgenes, unintended effects, viral recombination, evolution of resistant pests, and whole organism characteristics. Since 1992, USDA has supported research to characterize and assess possible risks associated with the release of transgenic organisms into the environment. A goal of this research is to assist Federal reg ulatory agencies in making science-based decisions regarding biotechnology. A review of grants supported by USDA’s Biotechnology Risk Assessment Research Grants Program shows how research to address environmental concerns has evolved over time.
Late Pleistocene climate inferences from a water balance model of Jakes Valley, Nevada (USA)

Shorelines that formed in closed watershed–lake systems record past climate conditions. A simple monthly water balance model was used to explore the link between past climates, paleoclimate proxies, and the hydrologic system response of a closed watershed–lake system in the Great Basin, USA. The model was applied at a high spatial resolution and calibrated with available modern hydroclimate and watershed data and then used with existing paleolake shoreline estimates to investigate how climate and hydrologic conditions in the late Pleistocene differed from modern conditions. A range of climate conditions, ∆T (0 to −8 °C) and ∆P (1.9–2.4) from the modern climate, resulted in steady model simulations of the late Pleistocene lake highstand. Modeling results also indicate the watershed–lake system response is much more sensitive to changes in precipitation than to changes in temperature, and that the range of possible combinations of these variables can be reduced significantly when the results are compared with an independent modeling study that inferred paleoclimate conditions from glacial moraines in the Wind River Range near the eastern portion of the Great Basin. The modeling effort also revealed that physiographic heterogeneities and seasonality play a significant role in how the watershed–lake system responds to changes in precipitation and temperature, highlighting the importance of simulating the system behavior with an appropriate degree of spatial resolution. The significance of model calibration and performance evaluation over the modern period was demonstrated through a comparison of the calibrated model results with those obtained using default parameter values with the original model.
Sensory Profiles of Generic Tomato Juice a Qda Comparison

An exploratory study was conducted to enable comparing consumer perceptions of the relative importance, plus ideal and actual levels, of selected product attributes. A preliminary experiment was designed to measure these perceptions regarding generic tomato juice associated with two different types of retail suppliers. As part of a Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) technique utilized in collecting and analyzing the data, graphical profiles of actual and ideal ratings were plotted on polar axes arranged in ascending order of attribute importance. Results were interpreted to indicate that consumers may perceive generic products to exceed ideal requirements regarding attributes of lesser and greater importance when they are associated with discount food stores and conventional supermarkets respectively.
New species of Plagioporus Stafford, 1904 (Digenea: Opecoelidae) from California, with an amendment of the genus and a phylogeny of freshwater plagioporines of the Holarctic

Plagioporus hageli n. sp. is described from the intestine of Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) collected from the River Yuba, California, USA. Of the accepted, nominal species of Plagioporus Stafford, 1904 from the Nearctic, the new species is morphologically similar to three intestinal species from the western USA parasitising diadromous fishes, including Plagioporus shawi (McIntosh, 1939), Plagioporus kolipinskii Tracey, Choudhury, Cheng & Ghosh, 2009 and Plagioporus siliculus Sinitsin, 1931, and is also similar to Plagioporus serotinus Stafford, 1904 from catostomids from eastern Canada. Plagioporus hageli n. sp. is distinguished from the former three species in lacking a dorsal vitelline field and from the latter species in having a consistent interruption in the distribution of the vitellarium at the level of the ventral sucker. The new species is also morphologically similar to an unnamed species of Plagioporus and a species misidentified as ‘Plagioporus angusticolle’ that were collected from California, but it is easily distinguished from both in its shorter body length. To estimate the placement of the new species within Plagioporus and within the Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925, we conducted a Bayesian inference (BI) analysis of partial 28S rDNA sequence data that included sequences from Plagioporus hageli n. sp., five other species of Plagioporus, three species of Neoplagioporus Shimazu, 1990, including the type-species, Neoplagioporus zacconis (Yamaguti, 1934), two species of Urorchis Ozaki, 1927 (including the type-species, Urorchis goro Ozaki, 1927) and sequences of 42 opecoelid species obtained from GenBank. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed (i) plagioporines parasitising freshwater hosts form a monophyletic group; (ii) Plagiocirrus loboides Curran, Overstreet & Tkach, 2007 nested within the rest of the members of Plagioporus; (iii) the new species was closer to Plagiocirrus loboides than to Plagioporus shawi, the other salmonid parasite included in our analysis; (iv) P. shawi was the poorly supported sister to its congeners; (v) Neoplagioporus elongatus (Goto & Ozaki, 1930) Shimazu, 1990 was closer to the two species of Urorchis than to the other two species of Neoplagioporus; and (vi) the paraphyly of the Plagioporinae Manter, 1947 was reinforced. Based on 28S rDNA sequence data and our BI analysis, we propose Plagioporus loboides (Curran, Overstreet & Tkach, 2007) n. comb., and amend Plagioporus accordingly. This analysis represents the first phylogenetic study of the opecoelids that estimates the interrelationships of the Plagioporinae that includes a member of Plagioporus.
Viewing a phonological deficit within a multifactorial model of dyslexia

Participants were administered multiple measures of phonological awareness, oral language, and rapid automatized naming at the beginning of kindergarten and multiple measures of word reading at the end of second grade. A structural equation model was fit to the data and latent scores were used to identify children with a deficit in phonological awareness alone or in combination with other kindergarten deficits. Children with a deficit in phonological awareness in kindergarten were found to be five times more likely to have dyslexia in second grade than children without such a deficit. This risk ratio substantially increased with the addition of deficits in both oral language and rapid naming. Whereas children with one or more kindergarten deficits were at heighten risk for dyslexia, some of these children were found to be adequate or better readers. These results are discussed within a multifactorial model of dyslexia that includes both risk and protective factors.
Acute effects of resistance exercise on affect, arousal, and urge to drink in temporarily abstinent young adult hazardous drinkers.

Background and Objective Young adults frequently engage in hazardous alcohol consumption, and many meet the diagnostic criteria for an alcohol use disorder. The urge to drink is a defining symptom of alcohol dependence, and it is closely tied to and exacerbated by negative affect. This study examined the acute effect of resistance exercise on affect, arousal, and drinking urges in young adult (ages 21–40) hazardous drinkers. Methods On two separate occasions, 14 participants underwent an 18-hour alcohol abstinence before completing, in a counter-balanced manner, a 20-minute session of resistance exercise and a 20-minute video control. Results Significant improvements in affect (t = 2.07, p = .04) and arousal (t = 4.09, p < .01), but not urge to drink, were found with exercise. Conclusion Single sessions of resistance exercise can positively alter affect and arousal during alcohol abstinence. Scientific Significance Practical exercise interventions designed to alter affect and arousal could potentially alter drinking. (Am J Addict 2016;XX:1–5)
Shalom, Diversity, and Inclusive Learning Environments

This chapter will focus on the “who are teachers” element of the Pedagogy of Shalom model. The author believes that in order for educational and organizational transformation to take place, the dispositions and competencies of educators must be revealed and analyzed. Shalom, Diversity, and Inclusive Learning Environments will present tools that will assist Christian educators in the process of personal and professional reflection that will reveal their own values, beliefs, and assumptions that impact how inclusive learning environments are both created and nurtured and truly at the “heart” of being a spirit filled educator.
2.03 – Socially Controlled Sex Change in Fishes

Socially controlled sex change in teleost fishes represents a fascinating example of adaptive reproductive plasticity in adult animals that can be observed and experimentally manipulated, often in the full complexity of their natural environment. Sex-changing species also represent useful model systems for studying the general and important question of how social environment affects the brain and behavior. This chapter reviews our understanding of this phenomenon and explores the roles of steroid and neuropeptide hormones in regulating the gonadal, neural, and behavioral changes associated with sex change in fishes.
The Influence of Package Size and Flute Type of Corrugated Boxes on Load Bridging in Unit Loads

Shipping pallets often are designed with the assumption that the payload carried is flexible and uniformly distributed on the pallet surface. However, packages on the pallet can act as a series of discrete loads, and the physical interactions among the packages can add stiffness to the pallet/load combination. The term ‘load bridging’ has been used to describe this phenomenon. The study reported in this paper investigated the relationships of package size, corrugated flute type and pallet stiffness to load bridging and the resulting unit-load deflection. The experimental results indicated that an increase in box size changed the unit-load deflection by as much as 75%. Flute type was found to impact load bridging and the resulting unit-load deflection. Changing the corrugated box flute type from B-flute or BC-flute to E-flute reduces the unit-load deflection by as much as 40%. Also, experimental data indicates that the effect of package size and corrugated board flute type on pallet deflection is the greatest for low stiffness pallets. The results provide information that can be used to design unit loads that use material more efficiently. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective Depletion of T Cell Alloresponses Using a Photodepletion Strategy Preferentially Targets CD4+ T Cells.

Abstract 1467 P-glycoprotein (Pgp) is the product of the multidrug-resistance-1 (MDR1) gene and actively transports various molecules across the extracellular membrane. Previous studies demonstrated that activated lymphocytes decrease Pgp activity and preferentially retain the photosensitizing agent 4, 5-dibromorhodamine 123 (TH9402, Kiadis Pharma, NL). We evaluated a photodepletion technique to achieve selective depletion (SD) of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) alloreacting T cells in 24 HLA-identical sibling stem cell transplants. Donor lymphocytes were activated by 72 hr exposure with irradiated in-vitro expanded recipient T lymphocytes and pulsed with TH9402. Alloactivated T cells preferentially retaining the photosensitizer were eliminated by light exposure. The transfused cell products were then analyzed for T cell subset frequency. After SD preferential CD4+ T cell depletion occurred with an inversion of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Within the CD4+ compartment a significant depletion of naive (CD27+ CD45RO-), central memory (CD27+ CD45RO+), and effector (CD27-CD45RO+) populations was noted. Conversely, CD8+ naive and effector subsets was relatively conserved with depletion occurring predominantly in the central memory population. Additionally, an 80% reduction in B cells occurred, with a 60% reduction of cytotoxic NK cells (CD56+CD16+) and a relative expansion of regulatory NK cells (CD56+CD16-). We compared outcomes of 24 SD transplants with 34 patients receiving a T-cell depleted transplant. All patients with hematological malignancies were conditioned with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and total body irradiation and received a CD34-selected stem cell allograft from an HLA identical sibling. SD recipients also received 5×10 6 /kg SD donor T cells. Low-dose cyclosporine was used as the only post-transplant immunosuppression. Median follow up was 14.5 months. The probability of severe acute GvHD (grade III-IV, 13%) and relapse (25%) was low for all patients. On day 100 post-transplant SD transplant recipients had lower absolute CD4+ counts, and increased rates of CMV reactivation requiring treatment (median 2 vs 1 reactivations within 100 days, p Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Carbohydrate concentration in Lentils (Lens culinaris Medikus.): genotypic and environmental effects.

ABSTRACTLentils contain a range of prebiotic carbohydrates; however, genotypic and environmental implications of these components have not been well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic and environmental variation of carbohydrate concentrations in three commonly grown lentil cultivars in South Dakota, USA at two locations over two growing seasons. Significant genetic and environmental variation was found for most of the constituents evaluated. Raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) ranged from 3161 mg 100g−1 at Bison and 3670 mg 100g−1 at Wall and from 3217 mg 100g−1 to 3650 mg 100g−1 between cultivars. Moreover, RFO content was strongly correlated to a simple plant stress index (SI) in which higher estimated plant stress (e.g., low precipitation) produced higher levels of RFO. These results demonstrate important differences in prebiotic concentrations, which can be used for future lentil breeding efforts when matching cultivars to diverse growing climates with highly vari...
Left ventricular end-diastolic volume predicts exercise capacity in patients with a normal ejection fraction

BACKGROUND Exercise capacity is a powerful predictor of all-cause mortality. The duration of exercise with treadmill stress testing is an important prognostic marker in both healthy subjects and patients with cardiovascular disease. Left ventricular (LV) structure is known to adapt to sustained changes in level of physical activity. HYPOTHESIS Poor exercise capacity in patients with a preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF) should be reflected in smaller LV dimensions, and a normal exercise capacity should be associated with larger LV dimensions, irrespective of comorbidities. METHODS This hypothesis was first tested in a cross-sectional analysis of 201 patients with normal chamber dimensions and preserved LVEF who underwent a clinically indicated treadmill stress echocardiogram using the Bruce protocol (derivation cohort). The best LV dimensional predictor of exercise capacity was then tested in 1285 patients who had a Bruce-protocol treadmill exercise stress test and a separate transthoracic echocardiogram (validation cohort). RESULTS In the derivation cohort, there was a strong positive relationship between exercise duration and LV end-diastolic volume deciles (r 2 = 0.85; P < 0.001). Regression analyses of several LV dimensional parameters revealed that the body surface area-based LV end-diastolic volume index was best suited to predict exercise capacity (P < 0.0001). In a large validation cohort, LV end-diastolic volume was confirmed to predict exercise capacity (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Among patients referred for outpatient stress echocardiography who have a preserved LVEF and no evidence of myocardial ischemia, we found a strong positive association between LV volume and exercise capacity.
Seasonal water-level perturbations beneath the high plains of the Llano Estacado

Abstract Study region The Llano Estacado is a vast elevated plain located at the southern end of the Great Plains of North America. The Llano Estacado region is favorably situated above the southernmost extension of the Ogallala Aquifer, which provides groundwater for a highly productive irrigated agricultural system. Study focus A method was developed to compute the average deviation of the groundwater level from a nonstationary annual-average water level. New hydrological insights for the region Groundwater is pumped from the Ogallala Aquifer during each growing season, which induces seasonal and long-term changes in observed groundwater levels. Recorder wells, maintained by the Texas Water Development Board, track these changes and provide a wealth of hydrologic data. Of special interest here are seasonal water-level perturbations induced by nearby actively pumped wells. Groundwater levels are observed to follow a regular pattern of declining water levels during the growing season followed by a recovery after irrigation systems are shut down. In areas with limited groundwater, farmers may shut off irrigation systems when soil moisture is adequate or when the supply of available water becomes critically low. As a result, one can often detect periods during the growing season when irrigation is paused and the water table is allowed time to partially recover. Such hydrographic deviations appear to correlate closely with periods of abundant rainfall. In areas where groundwater supplies are more plentiful, irrigation breaks are less evident. This suggests that farmers with adequate groundwater may be less inclined to shutdown irrigation systems to conserve water despite adequate rainfall.
Visualization of Calcium Influx Through Channels That Shape the Burst and Tonic Firing Modes of Thalamic Relay Cells

Zhou, Qiang, Dwayne W. Godwin, Donald M. O'Malley, and Paul R. Adams. Visualization of calcium influx through channels that shape the burst and tonic firing modes of thalamic relay cells. J. Neurop...
Summation of Series

When perturbation methods such as those introduced in Chap. 7 are used to solve a problem, the answer emerges as an infinite series, usually involving powers of the perturbation parameter e. In practice, only the first few terms of this series can be conveniently calculated because the iteration procedure becomes increasingly cumbersome as the order of perturbation theory increases. If the perturbation series converges rapidly, summing the few calculated terms gives a good approximation to the exact solution. However, it is more common for the series to converge slowly, if it converges at all.
Comment: Response to Wilder’s “Mother/Nature,” and Ruddick’s “Maternal Thinking”

I very much welcome Professor Wilder’s debunking of Rossi’s theses and arguments and I wholeheartedly share his rejection of that sort of biological determinism and his recognition of the unnaturalness of all human behavior. That last is, I think, an essential first step toward our assuming responsibility for how things are. However, I am not as comfortable as he seems to be with the liberal anyone-can-parent line of thought. What gives me pause about that may be some of the same experience and observations that make the Rossi sort of view so plausible to so many people. That is, regardless of my clear knowledge that an ability to acquire facility in the home kitchen or with infant care is not biologically determined, and also my knowledge that ability to become competent in the maintenance of the common automobile is not biologically determined either, I see many such propensities and abilities as being hardly less difficult to acquire or to lose as a gendered adult than if they had been biologically determined. In other words, the tracking into gender-correlated competencies creates a “second-nature”—each individual seems to take to some activities and practices naturally. It feels natural, one is “a natural” as a mother or as a businessman; it seems natural to all those around, as well. And, learned and human-created though it may be, it is not therefore easy to undo.
Development of a newborn screening tool based on bivariate normal limits: using psychosine and galactocerebrosidase determination on dried blood spots to predict Krabbe disease.

Abstract Purpose Newborn screening for Krabbe disease (KD) originated in New York State in 2006 but has proven to have a high false positive rate and low positive predictive value. To improve accuracy of presymptomatic prediction, we propose a screening tool based on two biomarkers, psychosine and galactocerebrosidase enzyme activity (GalC). Methods We developed the tool using measures from dried blood spots of 166 normal newborns and tested it on dried blood spot measures from 15 newborns who later developed KD, 8 newborns identified as "high risk" by the New York screening protocol but were disease-free at follow-up, and 3 symptomatic children with onset before 4 years of age. The tool was developed from the (1–10−6)100% prediction region of the natural logarithms of psychosine and GalC measures, assuming bivariate normality, and their univariate normal limits. Results Krabbe disease was predicted correctly for every patient who developed symptoms in infancy or early childhood. None of the high-risk patients were incorrectly identified as having early KD. Conclusion Bivariate analysis of psychosine and GalC in newborn blood spots can accurately predict early Krabbe symptoms, control false positive rates, and permit presymptomatic treatment.
Comparative analysis of genetically-modified crops: Part 1. Conditional difference testing with a given genetic background

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) mandates two sets of statistical tests in the comparative assessment of a genetically-modified (GM) crop: difference testing to demonstrate whether the GM crop is different from its appropriate non-traited control; and equivalence testing to demonstrate whether it is equivalent to conventional references with an history-of-safe-use. The equivalence testing method prescribed by EFSA confounds the so-called GM trait effect with genotypic differences between the reference varieties and non-traited control. Critically, these genotypic differences, which we define as a 'control background effect', are the result of conventional plant breeding. Thus, the result of EFSA equivalence testing often has little or nothing to do with the GM trait effect, which should be the sole focus of the comparative assessment. Here, an integrated method is introduced for both difference and equivalence testing that considers the differences of the three genotype groups (GM, control, and references) as a two-dimensional random variable. A novel statistical model is proposed, called the trait model, that treats the effects of the GM and control materials as fixed for their difference, and as random for their common background. For significance testing, the covariance structure of the three genotype groups is utilized to decompose the differences into the trait effect and the control background effect. The trait difference is then derived as a conditional mean, given the background effect. The comparative assessment can then focus on the conditional mean difference, which is independent of the control background effect. Furthermore, the trait model is flexible enough to include various types of genotype-by-environment (G×E) interactions inherent to the experimental design of the trial. Numerical evaluations and simulations show that this new method is substantially more efficient than the current EFSA method in reducing both Type I and Type II errors (protecting both the consumer and producer risk) after the background effect is removed from the test statistic, and successfully addresses two major criticisms (i.e. statistical model lack of G×E, and study-specific equivalence criterion) that have been raised.
Associations between adolescent media use, mental health, and risky sexual behaviors

Abstract Guided by the ecological “technosystem,” data was examined from 13,156 adolescents completing the CDC's 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) looking for associations between television, social media, depressive symptoms, suicidality, and sexual risk behaviors. Regression results indicate media use is not an important factor in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems. Social media and television are unlikely the contributors to both mental health and risky sexual behaviors. Findings from this research are important for future studies that focus on multi-systemic prevention and intervention efforts aimed at promoting adolescent resiliency, particularly among vulnerable youth who are most susceptible to media influences.
Visiting Infinitely Often the Unit Interval While Minimizing the Idle Time of High Priority Segments

Consider a region that require to be protected from unauthorized penetrations. A team of robots can patrol (perpetually move along) the border of the region looking for intruders. The problem is known as the patrolling problem and has been extensively studied.
Calculation of delivered composite dose from Calypso tracking data for prostate cancer: And subsequent evaluation of reasonable treatment interruption tolerance limits

PURPOSE In this study we calculate composite dose delivered to the prostate by using the Calypso tracking -data- stream acquired during patient treatment in our clinic. We evaluate the composite distributions under multiple simulated Calypso tolerance level schemes and then recommend a tolerance level. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven Calypso-localized prostate cancer patients treated in our clinic were selected for retrospective analysis. Two different IMRT treatment plans, with prostate PTV margins of 5 and 3 mm respectively, were computed for each patient. A delivered composite dose distribution was computed from Calypso tracking data for each plan. Additionally, we explored the dosimetric implications for "worst case" scenarios by assuming that the prostate position was located at one of the eight extreme corners of a 3 or 5 mm "box." To characterize plan quality under each of the studied scenarios, we recorded the maximum, mean, and minimum doses and volumetric coverage for prostate, PTV, bladder, and rectum. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Calculated composite dose distributions were very similar to the original plan for all patients. The difference in maximum, mean, and minimum doses as well as volumetric coverage for the prostate, PTV, bladder, and rectum were all < 4.0% of prescription dose. Even for worst scenario cases, the results show acceptable isodose distribution, with the exception for the combination of a 3 mm PTV margin with a 5 mm position tolerance scheme. CONCLUSIONS Calculated composite dose distributions show that the vast majority of dosimetric metrics agreed well with the planned dose (within 2%). With significant/detrimental deviations from the planned dose only occurring with the combination of a 3 mm PTV margin and 5 mm position tolerance, the 3 mm position tolerance strategy appears reasonable, confirming that further reducing prostate PTV margins to 3 mm is possible when using Calypso with a position tolerance of 3 mm.
Republished: MRI SPACE sequence confirmation of occluded MCA M2 dissection stump masquerading as a ruptured MCA aneurysm

Intracranial vascular pathologies often have overlapping clinical presentations. Dissected vessel occlusions and bifurcation aneurysms can appear similar on pretherapeutic imaging. The medical management of these two entities is drastically different. The patient is a 51-year-old man who presented with severe, sudden-onset headache. Initial presentation was consistent with a ruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm and surgical clipping was recommended. However, further review of radiographic findings could not definitively differentiate an aneurysmal origin of the symptoms as opposed to intracranial dissection followed by occlusion of the M2 branch of the MCA. MRI sampling perfection with application optimised contrasts using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) was performed and showed thin flow signalling distal to the dissected vessel stump confirming the diagnosis. Accurate diagnosis is a crucial step in directing treatment for intracranial vascular lesions. MRI SPACE is a simple tool in the diagnostic armamentarium to adequately direct treatment and avoid the potential for unnecessary interventions.
Internet of Things for Sustainable Human Health

The sustainable health IoT has the strong potential to bring tremendous improvements in human health and well-being through sensing, and monitoring of health impacts across the whole spectrum of climate change. The sustainable health IoT enables development of a systems approach in the area of human health and ecosystem. It allows integration of broader health sub-areas in a bigger archetype for improving sustainability in health in the realm of social, economic, and environmental sectors. This integration provides a powerful health IoT framework for sustainable health and community goals in the wake of changing climate. In this chapter, a detailed description of climate-related health impacts on human health is provided. The sensing, communications, and monitoring technologies are discussed. The impact of key environmental and human health factors on the development of new IoT technologies also analyzed.
Asserting a black vision of race and place: Florida A&M University’s homecoming as an affirmative, transgressive claim of place

Abstract Black geographies and place-making provide scholars with complementary approaches for uncovering/recovering Black senses of place. Utilizing these approaches, I analyze Florida A&M University’s (FAMU) homecoming as a temporary reconfiguration of place in Tallahassee. I discuss the role of students in the Marching 100, FAMU’s nationally acclaimed band, in reconfiguring the city and the implications of this for these students. Using empirics gathered from 33 in-depth interviews and over 750 h of observation of Marching 100 practices and performances, I argue that FAMU’s homecoming temporarily reconfigures Tallahassee as FAMU’s town. The FAMU homecoming parade asserts FAMU’s presence and belonging within the city, provides opportunities to experience more of the city for FAMU students, and contributes to the (dis)connection of FAMU from the historically Black neighborhood of Frenchtown within the city. It provides an empirical case of a transgressive claim of place that does not seek durable, permanent changes within the city and illustrates that Black joy/celebration has the power to assert presence and reshape urban socio-spatial relations. Such productions of Black geographies are important place-making acts that resist and disrupt socio-spatial relations built upon the erasure and dehumanization of Blackness and Black lives. This article responds to calls within Black geographies literature to focus on Black life rather than Black suffering/struggle and engages with the precarity and durability of Black place-making claims.
Abstract B76: Characterizing vascular invasion in hepatoblastoma

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric liver malignancy, and patients with high-risk, metastatic disease have a five-year overall survival (OS) of only about 40%. Of note, HB patients with vascular invasion (VI) have a much worse OS. Our hypothesis is that HB tumors with VI possess unique clones that invade the vasculature, resulting in dissemination of disease. We injected the aggressive HepT1 cell line with confirmed CTNNB1 and NFE2L2 mutations in the livers of immunocompromised NSG mice to generate intrahepatic tumors. After 4 weeks, we had 100% take of tumors in animals. Serum human α-fetoprotein (AFP) increased with the growth of tumors. At time of death, we saw clear presence of intrahepatic VI, vena caval tumor thrombus, extrahepatic disease including within periportal lymph nodes, and lung metastasis in animals with tumors. We grew adherent and nonadherent cell lines from tumor samples, including one cell line from intrahepatic VI and one from vena caval tumor thrombus. Cells derived from VI areas had obvious differences in phenotype from cells from the primary tumor (PT). To further pursue these provocative changes between PT and VI areas, we generated two unique patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of HB with intrahepatic implantation of PT and VI tumor samples from a nonmetastatic pretreatment extent of disease (PRETEXT) stage 4 patient. Mice harboring the VI PDX showed serum elevation of human AFP and obvious tumor with MRI. PT and VI PDX tissues expressed established HB markers nuclear Beta-catenin, Glypican-3, and AFP, resembling the primary patient sample. We also developed a novel cell line with growth of cells from a VI tumor in vitro. With both the HepT1 and PDX models, gene set enrichment transcriptomic analyses of RNA sequencing data showed clear changes in expression in aggressive tissues that invaded vessels, including significant (p Citation Format: Sarah E. Woodfield, Roma H. Patel, Aryana M. Ibarra, Barry Zorman, Andrew Badachhape, Ketan B. Ghaghada, Dolores Lopez-Terrada, Pavel Sumazin, Sanjeev A. Vasudevan. Characterizing vascular invasion in hepatoblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2019 Sep 17-20; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B76.
Abstract 2972: Urolithin A decreases cell proliferation of three genetically diverse glioblastoma multiforme cell lines

Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most common and malignant tumors of the central nervous system, remaining incurable with a median survival time of only 15 months. Over the past 50 years there has been little change in this overall survival rate, due to the many challenges in treating glioblastoma, including molecular complexity, tumor location, and resistance towards standard therapies. Therefore, an improved method for treating glioblastoma is urgently needed. Urolithin A is a natural biometabolite from ellagitannins and ellagic acid, which can be found in pomegranates, berries, and nuts. Urolithin A exhibits anti-cancer activities in several cancer cell lines, including prostate, colon, and bladder cancer cells. However, the anti-cancer activities of urolithin A have yet to be characterized in glioblastoma multiforme. In this project, we investigated whether urolithin A could reduce human glioblastoma cell proliferation by conducting clonogenic assays and cell cycle analysis in three genetically diverse human glioblastoma cell lines: U87MG, T98G, and LN229. Clonogenic assay results showed that urolithin A significantly decreased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in all three glioblastoma cell lines. Depending on the different cell lines, the cell proliferation was inhibited at concentrations of 10 to 60 µM urolithin A. In addition, cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry found that urolithin A was capable of arresting cell cycle progression in either the G2/M or S phase of the cell cycle in U87 and LN229 or T98G cells, respectively. In conclusion, we have found that urolithin A can reduce cell proliferation and alter cell cycle progression of three genetically diverse glioblastoma cell lines. Importantly, urolithin A can pass the blood-brain barrier and has previously shown to be non-toxic in humans, a prerequisite for a drug to treat glioblastoma. Therefore, urolithin A has the potential to be used as a novel drug which can be combined with current standard methods to improve the efficacy of glioblastoma treatment. In the future, we plan to investigate specific signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and cell cycle arrest. Once we elucidate the specific mechanisms we will investigate the efficacy of urolithin A in vivo, using an animal model. If successful, urolithin A will have the potential to be used alongside radiation and chemotherapy to further reduce glioblastoma cell proliferation. Citation Format: Alexandra Lynn Hearne, Dakota Brockway, Shiyong Wu, Yunsheng Li. Urolithin A decreases cell proliferation of three genetically diverse glioblastoma multiforme cell lines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2972.
Enhancing CSS Instruction with Objective Typography

Classroom instruction in Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) can be made more rigorous and systematic when anchored by established, rule-governed typesetting principles from the International Typographic Style. This poster, which is prepared as an interactive website in the spirit of this year's online conference, outlines an instructional approach to CSS that requires students to apply a core set of typographic principles to a manageable, human-scaled subset of CSS properties. In this approach, students formally express a set of abstract but reasoned design principles as a collection of CSS style declarations.
Application of Metagenomic Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Infectious Uveitis.

Purpose: to summarize the origin and very recent history of the use of metagenomic sequencing for the diagnosis of infectious uveitis, convey the technique as described by one of the primary instit...
Reconfiguring the Mux-Based Arbiter PUF using FeFETs

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are lightweight security primitives that exploit complex manufacturing variations in integrated circuits to extract secret keys. It is well-established that the unique keys generated by the mux-based arbiter PUF can be predicted accurately using logistic regression (LR), provided a set of challenge-response pairs (CRPs) are known. The integration of 28nm HKMG FeFET with CMOS technology has been shown to neither alter the switching behavior of the FeFET, nor affect the baseline CMOS. In this work, we present simulation results that discuss the possibility of using the FeFET to design “stronger” arbiter PUFs that can be reconfigured at least 6n times, where n represents the number of stages. Results from LR based attacks suggest that the training dataset may need to be updated after every reconfiguration cycle, preventing the adversary from collecting enough training data for each configuration within a reasonable amount of time for a security breach.
EXCESS MOLAR VOLUMES, SURFACE TENSIONS, VISCOCITY DEVIATION AND FTIR SPECTROSCOPY OF 1-BUTANOL-ETHYL ACETATE BINARY SYSTEM MIXTURE

The physical properties (viscosity, surface tension and density) were computed in laboratory using different laboratory equipment for binary and pure system at (P=1 atm and T=25Â°C). At mole fraction 0.5, the excess volume was found to be positive value while the deviation in viscosity and surface tension was found as negative values at the same mole fraction. Experimental excess properties were compared using Redlich-Kister equation and showed acceptable standard deviation. The inter molecular interaction of the 1-Butanol and Ethyl acetate found to be negligible and the vulnerability of the hydrogen bonds according to the FTIR spectra to a mixture of 1-Butanol and Ethyl acetate is consistent with the positive values of excess volume. Overlying the values of surface tension and the deviation in viscosity was found as negative values for all mole fractions studied.
Comparison of transcriptomes from two chemosensory organs in four decapod crustaceans reveals hundreds of candidate chemoreceptor proteins

Crustaceans express genes for at least three classes of putative chemosensory proteins. These are: Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), derived from the heterotetrameric ionotropic gluta- mate receptors (iGluRs); Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, a diverse set of sen- sor-channels that include several families of chemoreceptor channels; and Gustatory Receptor Like receptors (GRLs), ionotropic receptors that are homologues of Gustatory Receptors (GRs) of insects and are expressed sparingly in most crustaceans so far studied. IRs are typically numerically the most dominant of these receptor proteins in crustaceans and include two classes: co-receptor IRs, which are necessary for making a functional receptor-channel; and tuning IRs, whose specific combination in the IR subunits in the het- erotetramer confers chemical specificity. Previous work showed that the transcriptomes from two major chemosensory organs–the lateral flagellum of the antennule (LF) and the tips of the legs (dactyls)–of the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus express four co- receptor IRs and over 100 tuning IRs. In this paper, we examined and compared the tran- scriptomes from the LF and dactyls of P. argus and three other decapod crustaceans–the clawed lobster Homarus americanus, red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, and the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. Each species has at least ca. 100 to 250 IRs, 1 to 4 GRLs, and ca. 15 TRP channels including those shown to be involved in chemoreception in other species. The IRs show different degrees of phylogenetic conservation: some are arthropod-con- served, others are pancrustacean-conserved, others appear to be crustacean-conserved, and some appear to be species-specific. Many IRs appear to be more highly expressed in the LF than dactyl.
Comparing scientific worldviews between allopathic medical degree and East Asian medicine degree students utilizing the thinking about science survey instrument (TSSI).

Background Integrative medicine has become a new healthcare model due to the growing evidence base for complementary and integrative therapies. However, some question whether complementary and integrative therapies can truly be integrated with biomedicine due to differences in underlying paradigms and theoretical bases. This study aimed to explore differences in scientific worldviews between students studying East Asian medicine and those completing an allopathic medical degree using the validated Thinking about Science Survey Instrument (TSSI). Methods 122 medical students from Albert Einstein College of Medicine (Einstein) and 48 East Asian medicine students from the Pacific College of Health and Science (Pacific College) participated in this study. Participants completed the TSSI, a 60-item Likert-scale instrument that quantitatively measures the sociocultural resistance to, and support for science. Item and category means were compared between each group using an independent sample t-test. Results Distinct differences were seen between the two groups of students with regard to age, gender distribution and prior education. Einstein students were generally supportive of science and Pacific College students were generally supportive of/positively neutral to science. Einstein students more strongly affirmed the relationship of science in relation to the categories of Epistemology, Public Health, Emotion and Aesthetics, the Economy, and Public Policy. Pacific College students more strongly affirmed the relationship between science and the category Race and Gender. There were no differences in the categories of Environment and Resource, Science for All, and Religion and Morality. Conclusion This study suggests that there are differences underlying the scientific worldviews of Einstein and Pacific College students, particularly with regard to Epistemology and Public Health. Such differences may be related to the different theoretical knowledge bases and ways of viewing health within the two disciplines. Despite demographic and educational differences between the two groups their overall scientific worldviews were similar with neither group expressing disparate views. This suggests that both groups may be receptive to the value of other paradigms. Providing courses that focus on different therapeutic approaches and paradigms during medical training may foster interprofessional understanding and collaborative practice between health professionals of different medical disciplines.
A unified epi-seal process for resonators and inertial sensors

A thin-film wafer-level encapsulation process which incorporates both narrow (0.7 µm) and wide (>50 µm) lateral transduction gaps, in-plane and out-of-plane electrodes, and does not require release etch-holes is presented. High stability, high quality factor (Q) resonant devices as well as inertial sensors are fabricated in the process. The great diversity of functioning devices built in this process demonstrates the potential for combinations of high-performance MEMS devices in a single process and even in single chips.
Spectroscopic and molecular docking evidence of aspirin and diflunisal binding to DNA: a comparative study

Aspirin and diflunisal belong to the salicylate class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with diverse pharmacological and biological activities. Deciphering the interaction of drugs with DNA not only offers insights for the rational design of novel and more efficient drugs targeted to DNA, but also gives an opportunity for developing effective therapeutic agents for the control of gene expression. A series of spectroscopic studies were performed to ascertain the binding mode of aspirin and diflunisal with calf thymus DNA. UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed aspirin and diflunisal interaction with DNA. Steady state fluorescence experiments revealed a binding constant of 2.3 × 104 L mol−1 for aspirin and 7.9 × 103 L mol−1 for diflunisal. In addition, their binding modes with calf thymus DNA were established by a series of experiments including competitive displacement assays, urea denaturation, iodide quenching, viscosity measurements, DNA melting studies and CD analysis. They corroborated the intercalative binding of aspirin and groove binding of diflunisal with calf thymus DNA. The effect of ionic strength established the role of electrostatic interaction in aspirin–DNA binding processes. Molecular docking studies further complemented the experimental results.