cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Personality Traits in Childhood and Adolescence: Structure, Development, and Outcomes

Like adults, children and adolescents can be described in terms of personality traits: characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. We review recent research examining how youths’ specific behavioral tendencies cohere into broader traits, how these traits develop across childhood and adolescence, and how they relate to important biological, social, and health outcomes. We conclude that there are both key similarities and key differences between youth and adult personality traits, that youths’ personality traits help shape the course of their lives, and that a full understanding of youth personality traits will require additional research at the intersection of personality, developmental, and clinical psychology.
Heuristic Medicine: The Methodists and Metalepsis.

AbstractIn the first century b.c.e., a group of Greek physicians called the Methodists denied that medicine could be based on such “hidden causes” as humors, atoms, or elements. They argued that the inner workings of the body were ultimately unknowable, existing beyond the limits of human knowledge and inference. Yet they insisted that medical certainty was still possible, claiming that every disease shared one of three directly apprehensible “manifest commonalities”—stricture, laxity, or some mixture of the two. Medicine could therefore be a science; it was simply noncausal in structure. This essay examines these medical theories in light of Herbert Simon’s concept of “bounded rationality,” suggesting that the Methodists were proposing a type of medical “heuristic” in response to the limitations of human knowledge and processing power. At the same time, the essay suggests that such an epistemology had its consequences, setting up an ontological crunch whereby the demands formerly placed on diseases and t...
Distorted IR target detection and tracking using composite filters

The automatic target recognition (ATR), often time, is limited by the presence of background clutter and distortions such as scale, translation and rotation (both in-plane and out-of-plane) in both single and multi object cases. Such distortion invariant ATR and image understanding have been the subject of intense research in machine vision. In a previous work, we have demonstrated the usefulness of an amplitude-coupled minimum-average correlation energy (AC-MACE) filter in in-plane rotated SAR image ATR. The AC-MACE filter outperforms the regular MACE filter in rotation-related cases. Motion tracking is also an important task in computer vision, especially, when objects are subjected to certain viewing transformation. There are many problems in which very small objects undergoing motion must be detected and then tracked. For example, one of the most difficult goals of ATR is to spot incoming objects at long range, wherein the motion seems small and the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is poor. The system must be able to track such targets long enough to identify whether the object is a friend or foe. In this work, we are interested in locating both long-range and short-range moving objects in IR images wherein the object may vary from a few pixels in size to a large number of pixels in a sequence of IR images. The targets are submerged in background noise and clutter. Additionally, the tracking problem also involves out-of-plane rotation of the target. Thus, we investigate both MACE and AC-MACE filter for rotation and size invariant target detection and tracking using realistic IR images.
Improved ohmic contact to n-type 4H and 6H and 6H-SiC using nichrome

Results are reported for ohmic contacts formed on n-type 4H and 6H-SiC using nichrome (80/20 weight percent Ni/Cr). The electrical characteristics of these NiCr contacts are similar to those of contacts formed on 6H-SiC using pure Ni (∼1×10−5Ω-cm2 for moderately doped material), but the contacts exhibit significant improvement with regard to physical stability. Composite Au/NiCr contacts exhibit good stability during long-term anneals (∼2500 h) at 300°C without the requirement of a diffusion barrier layer between the NiCr ohmic contact layer and the Au cap layer. In addition, the use of NiCr results in success rates near 100% for direct wire bonding to the Au cap layers. Characterization of the contacts by Auger electron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy provides an explanation for the observed behavior.
Orienting minute objects for sectioning in a definite plane.

Minute objects can be prepared for sectioning in a definite plane by a method which reembeds them directly on the cutting block under a dissecting microscope. By melting the paraffin immediately around the specimen, the latter can be oriented with reference to the planes of the block. After trimming, the block can be oriented squarely with reference to the microtome knife. Objects as small as 0.2 mm. have been cut successfully. The material sectioned included carpel primordia of Lathyrus, and young embryos, shoot apices and young axillary buds of Pinus. The technic is simpler than most methods previously suggested and it permits good control over the plane of sectioning.
Profiling Private Water Systems to Identify Patterns of Waterborne Lead Exposure

Although extensive literature documents corrosion in municipal water systems, only minimal data is available describing corrosion in private water systems (e.g., wells), which serve as a primary source of drinking water for approximately 47 million Americans. This study developed a profiling technique specifically tailored to evaluate lead release in these systems. When applied in an intensive field study of 15 private systems, three patterns of lead release were documented: no elevated lead or lead elevated in the first draw only (Type I), erratic spikes of particulate lead (Type II), and sustained detectable lead concentrations (Type III). While flushing protocols as short as 15–30 s may be sufficient to reduce lead concentrations below 15 μg/L for Types I and III exposure, flushing may not be an appropriate remediation strategy for Type II exposure. In addition, the sustained detectable lead concentrations observed with Type III exposure likely result from corrosion of components within the well and th...
The Asymmetric Volatility of Euro Cross Futures

I test for the presence of asymmetric volatility in the Euro cross-rate futures markets. My investigation is based on a variant of the heterogeneous autoregressive volatility model, using daily realized variance and return series from 2004 through 2009. I find that appreciation against the Euro leads to less volatility for the EUR/GBP contract and significantly greater volatility for the EUR/JPY contract. Relative to volatility on days following a positive one-standard-deviation, volatility on days following a negative one-standard-deviation return is -0.10% less for the CHF/EUR future, 12.42% lower for the EUR/GBP future and 5.81% greater for the EUR/JPY future. The results are robust to the removal of the jump component from realized volatility.
25.2 A 210-to-305GHz CMOS receiver for rotational spectroscopy

Electromagnetic waves in the millimeter- and sub-millimeter-wave frequency ranges are used in fast-scan rotational spectroscopy to detect gas molecules and measure their concentrations [1]. This technique can be used for indoor air quality monitoring, detection of toxic gas leaks, breath analyses for monitoring bodily conditions and many others. This paper reports a 210-to-305GHz receiver (RX) front-end for a rotational spectrometer that achieves SSB noise figure (NF) of 13.9 to 19dB by incorporating an on-chip antenna with a reflector formed using a phase-compensated artificial magnetic conductor (PC-AMC) instead a metal reflector to improve the bandwidth of the antenna, a single balanced subharmonic mixer using a pair of floating-body NMOS anti-parallel diode pairs (FB-APDPs), a hybrid-based broadband port-isolation structure, and a 20-GHz low-noise intermediate frequency (IF) amplifier (Fig. 25.2.1). The front-end is fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process that supports isolated p-wells and 10 copper layers with a ∼3µm thick 10th metal layer.
Further Studies on a Frog Method for Assaying Gallbladder-Contracting-Substances

SummaryThe frog is a satisfactory animal for the assay of gallbladder contracting materials and has the advantage over others of time and expense. Assays on normal summer frogs give lower figures than at other seasons. There is no significant variation in the assays on spring, early summer, male and female frogs, or winter frogs. Starved frogs have gallbladders greatly distended with thick bile. Such distended bladders do not respond well to S.I. The response of the frog's gallbladder to S.I. is not due to the presence of histamine or choline-like substances in the extracts. A modification of Ivy's method for the preparation of S.I. has resulted in the isolation of a more potent preparation and the recovery of much active material lost by the original procedure.
Stanley Hauerwas’s Baptist project

This article examines the influence of Stanley Hauerwas on Baptists. It describes the nature and scope of Hauerwas’ Baptist project. Specifically, it provides a chronological narrative that explores his critique of Baptists as linked to the modern habits and patterns of fundamentalism-liberalism, enlightenment rationality and individualism, biblical literalism and historicism, and the secular ways of learning in the university. It examines his speeches, sermons, and published works specifically addressed to Baptist audiences. The article analyses not only on his published works, but draws upon the primary sources of original speeches, letters, and other unpublished materials contained in Hauerwas’ personal and academic papers in the archival collection at the Rubenstein Library of Duke University.
A Red-eyed Mutant of Papilio zelicaon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

A red-eyed mutant was isolated in the swallowtail butterfly Papilio zelicaon Lucas. The mutant is inherited as an autosomal recessive to wild type (black) eye color. Associated pleiotropic effects in the form of structural deformities and abnormal pupal color were observed. Mating success of males was decreased. Sex ratios were altered; the numbers of the heterogametic sex (♀) decreased. It was concluded that the mutant was semilethal.
Carbon dioxide regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus in four species of marine phytoplankton

The concentration of carbon dioxide in seawater may affect phytoplankton physiol- ogy and ecology and their role in marine biogeochemical cycles. In order to assess the effects of CO2 on the elemental composition of marine phytoplankon, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus quotas were measured in 4 species of marine phytoplankton acclimated to 150 to 1500 ppm CO2 (5 to 50 µM) in semi-continuous cultures. Nitrogen quotas declined steeply with increasing CO2 in the centric diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and T. weissflogii acclimated to 150 to 380 ppm (5 to 13 µM), but more slowly as the CO2 increased from 380 to 1500 ppm (13 to 50 µM). Nitrogen demand varied little with CO2 in the pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, but was posi- tively correlated with CO2 over the range of 150 to 770 ppm in the prymnesiophyte Isochrysis galbana. Based on the nitrogenCO2 trends in centric diatoms, relief from carbonnitrogen co- limitation could lead to 2-fold larger cells as CO2 increases from 150 to 380 ppm, but only 15% larger cells from 380 to 770 ppm CO2. Phosphorus quotas in the 3 diatoms decreased as CO2 increased from 150 to 380 ppm. As previously observed in these and other species, C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios increased with increasing CO2, but the present results show that much of this variation was due to differences in nitrogen and phosphorus rather than carbon quotas. Marine phyto - plankton could provide a negative feedback against increasing CO2 over the pCO2 range of 150 to 380 ppm by supporting larger cells or higher biomass, but would support a smaller carbon sink as atmospheric CO2 rises above 380 ppm.
Engineering virus-like particles as vaccine platforms

Virus-like particles (VLPs) have been utilized as vaccine platforms to increase the immunogenicity of heterologous antigens. A variety of diverse VLP types can serve as vaccine platforms, and research has focused on engineering VLPs to improve their efficacy as vaccines, enhance their stability, and allow for more versatile display of antigens. Here, we review selected VLP vaccine platforms, highlight efforts to improve these platforms through structure-informed rational design, and point to areas of future research that will assist in these efforts.
Letter by Alla and Kaushik Regarding Article, "Three Recurrent Episodes of Apical-Ballooning Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in a Man".

We read with great interest the article published by Cattaneo et al1 regarding recurrent episodes of apical-ballooning takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a 66-year-old man. Based on the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease by coronary angiography, mild troponin elevation, and extensive regional wall motion abnormalities with the classic apical-ballooning appearance on echocardiography, the authors rightly conclude this to be a case of recurrent stress cardiomyopathy (SCMP). In this regard, we would like to draw the authors’ and readers’ attention to the following 3 issues: (1) Was urine drug screening done in this patient? (2) The authors state that this is possibly the first published …
Severe meningococcal septicaemia associated with splenic rupture.

OBJECTIVE To present the first report of ruptured spleen associated with meningococcal septicaemia. CLINICAL FEATURES A 13-year-old girl presented with an acute abdomen and clinical signs of meningococcal septicaemia. Features of her illness placed her in a high mortality group. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME She required cardiovascular and respiratory support in the Intensive Care Unit. Failure to initially identify the organism led to percutaneous fine-needle aspiration of fluid in the lesser sac. A laparotomy revealed free intraperitoneal blood and a ruptured spleen. During the course of her illness she was given penicillin and methylprednisolone, and required haemodialysis. She made a complete recovery. CONCLUSION Ruptured spleen does occur with severe meningococcaemia, and may complicate management.
Local Response to Water Crisis: Explaining Variation in Usage Restrictions During a Texas Drought

What explains local policy response to extreme events? This question takes on growing importance as climate change increases the frequency of droughts, floods, heat waves, wildfires, and severe sto...
Cached: decoding the internet in global popular culture

For a millennial generation the prevalence of the internet cannot be understated. Although the popular form of the internet as we formally understand and make use of it has existed for roughly 15–2...
Anterior Pituitary Hormones

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses anterior pituitary hormones. The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), which is the source of 10 polypeptide hormones, is considered to be the master gland. It is comprised by the pars distalis and the pars intermedia. In various cells within the anterior pituitary are expressed the following hormones that govern a wide variety of important bodily functions: growth hormone, thyrotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, etc. The importance of these hormones is all too evident in cases of their inadequate production, that is, occurs when tumors or other physical pressures reduce the output of one or more of these hormones or during their overproduction when tumors may secrete them in large quantities ectopically. All of the anterior pituitary hormones are proteins or polypeptides. Anterior pituitary hormones seem to have longer half-lives in the blood-stream than the releasing hormones. The secretion of anterior pituitary hormones also is regulated by an elaborate feedback control by terminal target gland hormones.
Endpoints of Resuscitation

There are many methods for measuring the adequacy of resuscitation in a patient in shock, but none is universally applicable and few appear to be without significant limitations. As in so many areas of medicine, the constellation of findings from multiple modalities and the patient’s trajectory must be interpreted and acted upon, occasionally with imperfect data. Further, given the disparate settings and situations in which resuscitations are performed, the methods of guiding resuscitation must be tailored to local capabilities. While under-resuscitation often has grave consequences, over-resuscitation also leads to worse outcomes. In this chapter, we attempt to present a concise review of available endpoints of resuscitation and caveats to their use, as well as the limitations to available modalities.
Indian Indenture in British Guiana (1838–1843) and Danish St. Croix (1863–1868)

This chapter provides a comparative analysis of indentured Indian experiences in British Guiana and Danish St. Croix to mainly understand if the approach to indenture 20 years apart in two Caribbean colonies governed by two different imperial powers had changed or if anything positive was learned from the first experience in British Guiana. The finding was that the authorities decided to abolish slavery in both colonies but were poorly prepared to deal with post-slavery labor challenges. To save the sugar industry, they allowed indenture as a substitute for slavery. Yet there was not an organized plan in place on how indenture would function. The experiments with indenture in both British Guiana and St. Croix operated in the tradition of slavery or slavery in disguise and both were failed systems of labor. Indentured labor was poorly supervised and indentured Indians were mistreated in both Caribbean colonies. The planters tried to conceal these aspects of indenture but private investigation and inspection by private organizations on the living and working conditions of indentured Indians exposed the evils. The British Crown and the Indian government abolished indenture in both colonies after the first five-year contract expired. Indentured labor resumed in British Guiana in 1845 but not on Danish St. Croix.
Adaptive filtering for selective elimination of higher harmonics from line currents of a voltage source converter

The methods for adaptive noise canceling have been well developed and researched in digital signal processing. The task is typically accomplished by generating a reference signal with frequency that should be eliminated from the primary input signal. The reference is filtered to match the interfering sinusoid in primary input. The weights of the adaptive filter are adjusted to totally eliminate the component with undesired frequency from the primary input, creating a tunable notch filter with an infinite null at selected frequency. The above concept was used as a basis for the development of an adaptive selective harmonic canceling (ASHC) algorithm. With ASHC added to the "regular" control of the VSC, the whole VSC becomes an active adaptive infinite null power notch filter at selected frequencies. The algorithm was used for elimination of higher harmonics 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 from the input utility currents.
Adsorption of Gas Phase Organic Compounds by Swellable Organically Modified Silica

Swellable organically modified silica (SOMS) is a sol–gel derived material that spontaneously expands >2.5× upon contact with organic liquids, absorbing 7.8 mL/g. Adsorption of gas-phase volatile organic compounds by SOMS was measured to examine how the capability to swell affects capacity and rate of organic vapor absorption. Static adsorption capacities of SOMS for organic vapors at saturated vapor pressure ranged from 0.7 to 1.05 g/g, which was higher than values for other sorbents (powdered activated carbon, Amberlite XAD-4, Tenax TA, OptiPore, and organophilic zeolite). Rates of adsorption by SOMS were similar to those of XAD-4, a porous polymer with similar surface chemistry, and slower than that of activated carbon. Sequential coadsorption of multiple compounds by SOMS was measured, yielding enhanced adsorption capacity attributed to adsorption-induced pore expansion. The sequential adsorption of phenol and acetone vapor (p = p0) led to a total capacity of 5.7 g/g. Adsorption of organic vapors was ...
Computer Scoring of Emotional Awareness in a Nonclinical Population of Young Adults.

The Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS; Lane, Quinlan, Schwartz, Walker, & Zeitlin, 1990) is an open-ended measure of the ability to describe emotional reactions. Scoring the LEAS by hand is...
Comparison of a Natural Agglutinin in the Hemolymph of the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus, with Agglutinins of Other Invertebrates

Cultivation of many invertebrates is of commercial value and an understanding of their immune mechanisms is important for combating the pernicious diseases that often debilitate them. Invertebrates possess a variety of humoral substances involved in internal defense that differ considerably from classical vertebrate antibodies (Bang, 1967; Carton, 1969; Feng, 1967; Sindermann, 1971; Tripp, 1970). Many of these hemolymph factors agglutinate a variety of foreign materials. Cantacuzene (1923) summarized his findings on invertebrate humoral substances including those capable of agglutination. Although his articles contain elaborate claims of results without adequate experimental data presented in protocol form, subsequent investigators are confirming many of these claims.
Submaximal exercise training improves mitochondrial efficiency in the gluteus medius but not in the triceps brachii of young equine athletes

We tested the hypothesis that, similar to humans and rodents, exercise training would enhance mitochondrial (Mt) biogenesis and function in skeletal muscle of young horses. Twenty-four Quarter Horse yearlings were randomly assigned to either submaximal exercise training or no forced exercise (untrained). Biopsies were collected from the gluteus medius and triceps brachii before and after 9 wk of treatment. Citrate synthase activity was lower (P < 0.0001) and cytochrome c oxidase activity per Mt unit was higher (P < 0.0001) in gluteus compared to triceps, but neither changed over the trial period. From wk 0 to 9, intrinsic Mt respiration (P CI , P CI+II ; P = 0.008) and electron transport capacity (E CI+II ; P = 0.01) increased, and LEAK-related flux control factor (FCFL; P = 0.02) decreased in both muscles. After 9 wk of training, gluteus muscle exhibited higher (P < 0.05) intrinsic P CI , P CI+II , E CI+II , and FCFCI and FCF CI+II , and lower FCFL (P = 0.0002). Mitochondrial content did not change from wk 0 to 9, and also not in response to submaximal exercise training. Improvements in Mt function were most directly related to ongoing growth of horses independent of muscle group, and training further enhanced Mt function in the gluteus medius.
Comments on the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors

The SIA National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS) [1] represents a coordinated effort by leading technologists from all sectors of the U.S. semiconductor infrastructure. Led by industry and coordinated by the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) and SEMATECH, this effort involves industry, academia and government agencies in defining a unified description of the semiconductor technology requirements for ensuring advancements in the performance of integrated circuits. The NTRS provides a fifteen-year horizon, extending through the year 2010 and covering an anticipated six generations of future product and technology needs.
A generative stochastic graphical model for simulating social protest

Civilian protest is a complex phenomenon where large numbers of protestors participate in demonstrations. It involves multiple groups, various trigger events and social reinforcement where groups excite each other. We present a graphical generative model in which a baseline spontaneous process may undergo excitation due to external triggers, as well as inter-group contagion. We define a trigger-conditional multivariate Hawkes process, where excitation is conditional on the presence of active triggers. An arrival in this process corresponds to a batch of protestors, and random marks on the arrival serve to capture both the excitation-related parameters as well as the size of protest. The batch arrival intensity and the batch size, while mutually independent, exhibit respective history-dependence due to memory that is modeled in the excitation phenomena. We present a simulation algorithm for generating sample paths, and results estimating likelihood of large-scale protest on a realistic model.
Octyl gallate and gallic acid isolated from Terminalia bellarica regulates normal cell cycle in human breast cancer cell lines.

Abstract Herbal medicines stand unique and effective in treating human diseases. Terminalia bellarica ( T. bellarica ) is a potent medicinal herb, with a wide range of pharmacological activities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of octyl gallate (OG) and gallic acid (GA) isolated from methanolic fruit extract of T. bellirica to inhibit the survival of breast cancer cells (MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231). Both OG & GA exhibited decreased MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231 survival and induced apoptosis, with IC 50 value of OG and GA as 40 μM and 80 μM respectively. No toxic effect was observed on normal breast cells (MCF-10A). The compounds inhibited cell cycle progression by altering the expression of the cell cycle regulators (Cyclin D1, D3, CDK-4, CDK-6, p18 INK4, p21Waf-1 and p27 KIP). Octyl gallate was more effective at low concentrations than GA. In-silico results provided stable interactions between the compounds and target proteins. The present investigation proved the downregulation of positive cell cycle regulators and upregulation of negative cell cycle regulators inducing apoptosis in compound-treated breast cancer cells. Hence, both the compounds may serve as potential anticancer agents and could be developed as breast cancer drugs, with further explorations.
The role of 5 HT6-receptor antagonists in Alzheimer's disease: an update.

Introduction: Despite recent advances in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research, no breakthrough treatments have been discovered. Cholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA-receptor antagonist memantine are...
Behavioral Measures of Odontocete Hearing

Much of what is now known about hearing mechanisms in vertebrates has come from studies using behavioral and psychophysical techniques to ask questions regarding auditory detection and processing. These studies have included determination of detection capabilities for a variety of signals presented in a quiet environment and in the presence of other signals. Such studies are valuable in determining the resolving and analysis capabilities of the auditory system. Other investigations have been directed at determining an animal’s ability to discriminate between signals that differ in a variety of parameters, including intensity, frequency, spectral components, position in space, or temporal relationships. Such studies provide insight into detection capabilities of an animal, as well as provide information on mechanisms of acoustic processing at different levels of the auditory system.
The Moral Dimension of Civic Education in the Elementary School: Habit or Reason

The elementary classroom is the locus of vigorous debate about how schools should foster the development of civic virtue, which the Founders believed was essential to sustain a democratic republic....
Clinicoradiological Improvement in MELAS after L-Arginine Therapy (P1.315)

Objective: To describe the clinicoradiological course of a patient with MELAS after treatment with L-arginine. Background: Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is a genetic disease. Typical neurologic manifestations include stroke-like episodes, epilepsy, and dementia. Some data suggest that L-arginine supplementation improves recovery in stroke-like episodes. Design/Methods: NA Results: A 46-year-old, right-handed Hispanic woman presented with uncontrolled rhythmic left hand movements concerning for focal seizures. Seven years prior, she had a seizure of unclear etiology, followed by an asymptomatic period of six years. Left MCA stroke or viral encephalitis was suspected at that time. On this admission, MRI displayed new gyriform DWI hyperintensities in the right posterior insula and parietal operculum as well as bilateral temporal and parietal laminar necrosis. MR Spectroscopy (MRS) demonstrated increased lactate with relatively normal NAA levels in the right posterior temporal area. Neurologic examination revealed impaired attention, poor memory, and extinction to double simultaneous stimulation on her left side. Workup was negative for infectious, autoimmune, and paraneoplastic etiologies, but was notable for elevated serum lactate levels. Her focal seizures resolved after an increase in her anti-epileptic medications. She was re-admitted 12 days after discharge with abnormal left hand movements and jaw jerking. MRI demonstrated new FLAIR and DWI hyperintensities in the right operculum and right parasagittal primary motor strip. Genetic testing demonstrated a mitochondrial DNA mutation (M.3243 A>G substitution) consistent with MELAS. She was started on IV L-arginine with improvement of her mental status. During therapy, repeat MRS showed diminished lactate and elevated NAA peaks. She received seven days of IV L-arginine and was discharged on oral arginine. Subsequent MRS revealed persistently increased NAA and decreased lactate. Conclusions: MELAS could be effectively treated with L-arginine and result in sustained clinicoradiological improvement. More longitudinal studies are needed to determine the long-term efficacy of L-arginine. Disclosure: Dr. Hovsepian has nothing to disclose. Dr. Galati has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chong has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mazumder has nothing to disclose. Dr. Yim has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mishra has nothing to disclose. Dr. DeGiorgio has nothing to disclose.
Emergency department presentation with colorectal cancer.

e15094Background: Despite screening protocols shown to reduce mortality, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the 2nd leading cause of cancer death in the US. CRC patients who have emergent surgery have...
Cold Cathode Based Microwave Devices for Current and Future Systems

We report ongoing efforts to achieve reliable field emitter (FE) cathode operation for high current electron beam generation in RF microwave devices. These efforts include testing of cold cathode traveling wave tubes, high average power cathodeonly testing, and evaluating cathode emission variation over long operating periods in a microwave device vacuum environment. Finally, looking toward future needs, emittance reduction is being addressed to allow cold cathode operation in the mm-wave frequency regime.
16 Stress Analysis

This chapter begins by providing fundamental definitions of stress, strain, creep, fatigue, and resilience. It then discusses the impact of stress, strain and combined stresses on different types of beams, columns, cylinders, spheres, plates, springs and rotating elements. The safety factor for designing these elements and their design procedure are also discussed. Keywords: beams; columns; cylinders; rotating elements; spheres; springs; strain; stress analysis
Load-induced osteoarthritis on a chip.

An osteoarthritis model in a cartilage-on-a-chip, enabled by hyperphysiological compression, recapitulates the progression of the disease and its response to drugs.
Unionization and Street-Level Bureaucracy: An Examination of Public School Teachers in the United States:

Union advocates and critics believe that unionization influences the performance of public organizations by altering organizational climates and street-level bureaucrats’ experiences and perception...
Structural Symbolic Interaction and Identity Theory: Current Achievements and Challenges for the Future

This chapter summarizes the findings in prior chapters of this book and synthesizes these chapters’ theoretical and methodological contributions to advancing identity theory and structural symbolic interaction. Consistent with the book’s core thematic, this chapter discusses contributions made by prior chapters both to the foundational core of identity theory and to efforts to bridge between identity theory and structural symbolic interaction and other theories and paradigms in social psychology, sociology, and the social and behavioral sciences more broadly. The chapter argues that priorities for future research include addressing explicitly the question of where identity standards come from, the causes and consequences of commitment, and more generally, issues at the interface of identity theory’s structural and perceptual control research agendas. The chapter also emphasizes the utility of identity theory for answering important questions in many areas of macro-sociology and urges more engagement between social psychologists of identity and macro-sociologists researching such topics as immigration, education, health, crime, law and deviance, culture, the state and politics, inequality, including class, race and gender, networks, social movements, and religion.
Investigation on radon concentration and dose estimation at some areas in Zhejiang Province

Objective To investigate the concentrations of indoor radon (222Rn) and its daughter products as well as indoor thoron (220Rn) in selected houses in Yuhang district and Sanmen county,Zhejiang province,and estimate their annual effective doses to the population.Methods Solid state nuclear track detectors were used in selected dwellings in Yuhang district and Sanmen county,and the detectors were placed in bedrooms or living rooms.Without changing the ventilation habits of residents,These detectors were continuously placed from March to September in 2009.Results Indoor 222 Rn and 220Rn concentrations in low-rise buildings were the highest among all types of houses.The indoor concentration of 222 Rn had no relation with the building age (F = 0.53,P ＞ 0.05),but that of 220 Rn was dependent on the building age (F = 3.56,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the investigation demonstrated indoor 220 Rn concentrations in houses with no decoration were higher than in the houses decorated (t = 2.33,P ＜0.05).The average indoor concentrations of 222Rn and 220Rn in Yuhang district were 32.5 Bq/m3 and 314.3 Bq/m3,respectively,and the annual effective doses were 0.88 mSy and 0.42 mSv respectively.The average indoor concentrations of 222Rn and 220Rn in Sanmen county were 26.8 Bq/m3 and 399.5 Bq/m3,and the annual effective doses were 0.72 mSy and 0.53 mSv respectively.Conclusion The concentrations of indoor 222 Rn in some areas of Zhejiang province are at natural background level,and the concentrations of indoor 220Rn in rural areas are relatively higher.The total annual effective dose from 220Rn and its progeny was larger than that from 222Rn and its progeny by 50 percents. Key words: Living room; 222Rn; 220Rn; Effective dose
Creating an Emotional Intelligence Community of Practice: A Case Study for Academic Libraries

Using Etienne Wenger’s concept of a community of practice, UH Libraries’ Liaison Services Department developed departmental members’ emotional intelligence. The social learning structure of the com...
Caring for the Geriatrics Trauma Patient: The Challenges and the Opportunities

Currently, trauma is the fifth leading cause of death in people aged ≥65 years. Falls are recognized as the leading cause of trauma-related mortality and morbidity in elderly, which occurs in about 30–35% of elders each year. Road traffic accidents comprise about one-fourth of elderly trauma, and its average fatality rate is about 9%. Elders have 16% higher chance of road traffic accidents compared to those 25- to 64-year-old drivers. The burden of elderly trauma on the healthcare system and national resources is enormous. Within the next 15 years, elderly trauma will consume about $34 billion dollars annually. By 2050, almost 40% of trauma admissions will be older adult.
Dismantling the south-west coalition: further evidence of distributive politics in preemption legislation

The factors influencing legislative voting behavior have often been studied. This is especially true regarding antebellum federal preemption legislation. Several conjectures have been posited and evaluated within the literature, with historical analysis suggesting geographic coalitions playing a dominant role. However, more recent empirical research based on a distributive theory of politics casts doubt on this hypothesis (Gailmard and Jenkins Gailmard and Jenkins, Public Choice 175:259–275, 2018). This paper adds to this debate by extending the empirical analysis to include several other potential factors relevant to the decision-making process. These include the ideological disposition of a given legislator, voter preferences, and special interest influences. Our econometric results support the distributive theory model and add additional nuance as well. Specifically, we find that a legislator’s ideological disposition and constituent preferences are a strong indicator of voting behavior, as is geographic location (though not in the manner suggested by historical analysis).
Tobacco and e-cigarette products initiate Kupffer cell inflammatory responses

Kupffer cells are liver resident macrophages that are responsible for screening and clearing blood of pathogens and foreign particles. It has recently been shown that Kupffer cells interact with platelets, through an adhesion based mechanism, to aid in pathogen clearance and then these platelets re-enter the general systemic circulation. Thus, a mechanism has been identified that relates liver inflammation to possible changes in the systemic circulation. However, the role that Kupffer cells play in cardiovascular disease initiation/progression has not been elucidated. Thus, our objective was to determine whether or not Kupffer cells are responsive to a classical cardiovascular risk factor and if these changes can be transmitted into the general systemic circulation. If Kupffer cells initiate inflammatory responses after exposure to classical cardiovascular risk factors, then this provides a potential alternative/synergistic pathway for cardiovascular disease initiation. We aimed to elucidate the prevalence of this potential pathway. We hypothesized that Kupffer cells would initiate a robust inflammatory response after exposure to tobacco cigarette or e-cigarette products and that the inflammatory response would have the potential to antagonize other salient cells for cardiovascular disease progression. To test this, Kupffer cells were incubated with tobacco smoke extracts, e-cigarette vapor extracts or pure nicotine. Complement deposition onto Kupffer cells, Kupffer cell complement receptor expression, oxidative stress production, cytokine release and viability and density were assessed after the exposure. We observed a robust inflammatory response, oxidative stress production and cytokine release after Kupffer cells were exposed to tobacco or e-cigarette extracts. We also observed a marginal decrease in cell viability coupled with a significant decrease in cell density. In general, this was not a function of the extract formulation (e.g. tobacco vs. e-cigarette products or the formulation of the cigarette product). These results indicate that Kupffer cells are responsive to classical cardiovascular risk factors and that an inflammatory response is initiated that may pass into the general systemic circulation.
Perceptions of Risk of Developing Skin Cancer for Diverse Audiences: Enhancing Relevance of Sun Protection to Reduce the Risk

Sixty-five percent of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) develop squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Perceptions of risk of developing skin cancer, amelioration of this risk with sun protection, and having choices among sun protection strategies may enhance sun protection use by KTRS, who are at greater risk than the general population. Thirty KTRs stratified among non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanic/Latinos evaluated three versions of the interactive, web-based, electronic sun protection program and suggested refinements. The sequence of content presentation prepared the participant to accept the credibility, accuracy, and relevance of the message. Beginning with informing participants that using sun protection reduces the chance of developing skin cancer made the information credible to KTRs. Showing skin cancer on all skin types and patient testimonials enhanced participants' awareness of their susceptibility to develop skin cancer and primed patients to receive their personal risk of developing skin cancer. Coupling presentation of knowledge about the benefits of sun protection in reducing the risk of developing skin cancer with the personal risk of getting the disease was essential to KTRs believing that they could influence their health outcome.
Distributed optimal dispatch for DC distribution networks

Economic dispatch coordinates the generation across the distribution network while minimizing the overall generational cost. Optimal dispatch is a global optimization problem and, thus, conventionally carried out by a supervisory controller. However, reliability concerns challenge such architectural design as the failure in the central controller or any communication links would hinder the whole system functionality. Moreover, investigation of such optimization methods has been mainly limited to AC distribution systems; Optimal dispatch of DC distribution systems is largely under-investigated. Alternatively, this work deigns a distributed controller to achieve optimal dispatch of DC sources by properly sharing the load among DC sources and synchronizing individual incremental costs. This synchrony leads to optimal dispatch of dc sources and secures the system performance against controller or communication link failures.
Risk Management for Study Abroad Programs: Issues and Resources to Inform Program Development, Administration, and Training

This chapter provides a practical background to the health and safety risks and challenges for U.S. colleges and universities and other program providers. Potential risks, field-based guidelines, good practices, and resources to support the management of risks by study abroad offices will be covered.
Negotiation as a Post-Modern Process

Conventional pedagogy treats negotiation as a strategic and instrumental process. With few exceptions, students are currently taught that the negotiator's central challenge is learning how to develop and enact rational strategies to claim and/or create maximum value that satisfy the negotiator's (or her principal's) self-interest. This way of thinking opens a world of possibilities for developing diagnostic, analytic and predictive tools for negotiators. we study brain functions, cognition, behavioral and game theories, and more, all geared toward a better understanding of our own internal thought processes and those of our counterparts; how to "game" the process of interaction between negotiators; and how to achieve better outcomes for ourselves and our clients. This way of thinking also provides a useful framework for how to organize our negotiation teaching. First generation negotiation pedagogy is built on this conceptual framework. After spending four days with some of the best theorists and teachers in the negotiation field, I am left with a sense of awe at how much we know. I am also left with the nagging feeling that something quite important is missing. Much of our discussion centered on how to extend our existing canon and how to refine the teaching delivery of this body of knowledge. Yet, around the edges, I heard other voices suggesting that recent developments in our field, among others, confirm what some negotiation scholars have argued for many years: our frame for approaching the study and teaching of negotiation is overly limited. I agree with this critique and suggest, using the language of our own canon, that we are victims of our own inattentional blindness. I further suggest that second generation negotiation theory and teaching must recognize this limitation and expand our frame to incorporate additional paradigms for understanding people and how they interact. Specifically, our experience on the ground increasingly shows the importance of looking beyond needs and interests to more fully understand the ways negotiators make meaning from their social contexts and through their interactions. Further, the very way we conceptualize the negotiation "process" limits what we are able to learn about it. A different conception of the process may open new avenues for negotiation research and teaching.
Numerical Grid Generation: Foundations and Applications

Numerical grid generation: foundations and applications , Numerical grid generation: foundations and applications , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Preliminary results on γγ → KsK±π∓ from e+e− scattering at CLEO

Abstract We analyzed 13.8 fb−1 of the integrated e+e− luminosity collected at 10.6 GeV center-of-mass energy with the CLEO II and II.V detectors to study exclusive two-photon production of single hadronic resonances. We searched for hadrons decaying into KsK±π∓ when both leptons remain undetected. In this analysis we studied the detection efficiency and evaluated systematic errors using independent data samples. We estimated 90% CL upper limits on the products of the two-photon partial widths of (pseudo)scalar hadrons with masses below 1.7 GeV/c2 and their branching fractions into Ks(π+π−)K±gp∓. Our preliminary results are marginally consistent with the first observation of η(1440) in two-photon collisions by the L3 experiment.
The glycoprotein hormones: recent studies of structure-function relationships.

The structural features of the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones (LH, FSH, TSH, and hCG) are briefly reviewed. Removal of carbohydrate chains does not reduce binding of the hormones to membrane receptors, but markedly reduces biological responses. The glycopeptides from the hormone do not reduce binding of native hormone to receptors but do reduce biological responses. Newer data concerned with replication of different regions of the peptide chains of these molecules using synthetic peptides are reviewed and presented. These studies indicate that two regions on the common alpha subunit are involved with receptor binding of the LH, hCG, and TSH molecules. These regions are alpha 26 to 46 and alpha 75-92. Two synthetic disulfide loop peptides from the hCG beta subunit beta 38-57 and beta 93-100 also block binding of hCG to its receptor. In addition, the beta 38-57 peptide stimulates testosterone production by Leydig cells. These data indicate that glycoprotein hormone binding to plasma membrane receptors ...