cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structure–Function Mapping of Key Determinants for Hydrocarbon Biosynthesis by Squalene and Squalene Synthase-like Enzymes from the Green Alga Botryococcus braunii Race B

Squalene and botryococcene are branched-chain, triterpene compounds that arise from the head-to-head condensation of two molecules of farnesyl diphosphate to yield 1′–1 and 1′–3 linkages, respectively. The enzymes that catalyze their formation have attracted considerable interest from the medical field as potential drug targets and the renewable energy sector for metabolic engineering efforts. Recently, the enzymes responsible for botryococcene and squalene biosynthesis in the green alga Botryococcus braunii race B were characterized. To better understand how the specificity for the 1′–1 and 1′–3 linkages was controlled, we attempted to identify the functional residues and/or domains responsible for this step in the catalytic cascade. Existing crystal structures for the mammalian squalene synthase and Staphylococcus dehydrosqualene synthase enzymes were exploited to develop molecular models for the B. braunii botryococcene and squalene synthase enzymes. Residues within the active sites that could mediate ...
Abstract A106: Serum testosterone concentrations and risk of testicular germ cell tumors

A106 Although the incidence of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) has been rising worldwide, little known about the etiology. There is evidence, however, that TGCT is related to other male reproductive disorders, specifically, hypospadias, cryptorchidism and infertility. Because testosterone is responsible for the development and proliferation of testicular cells and testicular descent, it is plausible that testosterone and its binding protein, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), may be associated with TGCT risk. Using 512 case and 789 control participants from the U.S. Servicemen’s Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants (STEED) Study, we assessed associations of pre-diagnostic serum SHBG and testosterone (measured total and calculated free) concentrations and risk of TGCT. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using adjusted logistic regression models. Among the controls, SHBG concentrations increased with age (p Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2008;1(7 Suppl):A106.
Residual Activity of Insect Growth Regulators Against Stored-Product Beetles in Grain Commodities

The insect growth regulators (IGRs) BAY SIR 8514 [1-(4-trifluoro-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-chlorobenzoyl)urea), diflubenzuron, methoprene, and MV-678 [2-methoxy, 9-( p -isopropylphenyl)-2,6-dimethylnonane] were evaluated for residual activity against two internal feeders, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Sitophilus oryzae (L.) in stored grains for 1 year. The first three at 1 to 10 ppm each gave effective control (98 to 100%) of R. dominica in stored wheat, barley, and corn for more than 12 months posttreatment, and MV-678 was the least active. In wheat grain, BAY SIR 8514 at 0.1 and 0.5 ppm was effective against R. dominica for 4 and 6 months posttreatment, respectively. Diflubenzuron at 0.1 and 0.5 ppm provided 97 to 98% control for 6 months post treatment. The residual activity of methoprene at these lower concentrations did not result in appreciable control of R. dominica . Data on the residual activity of BAY SIR 8514, ditlubenzuron, and methoprene against S. oryzae in stored wheat showed that ditlubenzuron was more active than BAY SIR 8514 and methoprene. At 5 and 10 ppm, this compound gave 100% control at 2-week to 12-month posttreatment intervals. At 1 ppm its residual activity (93.7%) at 2-week intervals gradually increased to as high as 99.8% at 12 months posttreatment. BAY SIR 8514 at 1 ppm showed an almost similar trend in residual activity, ranging between ca. 70% control at 2 weeks post treatment and >99% control at 12 months post treatment. At 5 and 10 ppm, this compound provided 96 to >99% control at 2 weeks to 12 months post treatment. Methoprene tested at 1, 5, and 10 ppm against S. oryzae did exhibit residual action which increased with time. Its activity, however, was low, and even at 10 ppm it gave only 80 to 93% control at various intervals during the test period.
Traumatic Endings: Politics, Feminism, and Narrative Resolution in Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit and Marilynne Robinson’s Housekeeping

The League of Six Nations talk about being careful for the next seven generations;but, in my opinion, we need to think further than even seven generations. We needto think far into the future.—Lind...
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury After Traumatic Breech Delivery

To our knowledge, the imaging of such injuries has not been described. We report the MR findings seen in the cervical spinal cord of two young quadriplegic children each of whom had a difficult breech birth
An Investigation on Organochlorine Pesticide Residues on Vegetables in Guiyang,Guizhou

Objective:To collect the information of organochlorine pesticide residues on vegetables in Guizhou province,so as to provide basis for health protection of residents.Methods: The contents of 15 organochlorine pesticides on 50 specimens of vegetables were tested by using vapor phase chromatography method(GB/ T.5009.146-2003).Results: Organochlorine pesticide residues were found in all of the vegetable specimens,and the detection rates of these pesticides were 8%~40%.The main categories of the pesticide residues were α-sulfur,β-666,dieldrin and γ-666.Conclusions: The situation of the organochlorine pesticide residues on market vegetables does not allow us to be optimistic,and it is suggested that the relevant authority should pay high attention,and adopt powerful measures to control the situation.
Influencing factors of cyanide in water by flow injection online distillation

Objective: To determine cyanide in water by flow injection to explore the best testing conditions causing the experimental result to be more accurate.Methods:The study from samples collected to the testing in strict accordance with the laboratory requirements,compare the various influencing factors in the process of analysis.Results:This experiment determines two samples,the precision is 2.33%,2.31%.The returns-ratio is 99.2%,98.6%,the detection limits is 0.0002 mg/L.Conclusion:The influence factor of the cyanide in the water is complex.Grasp its principle and control condition may obtain the more accurate experimental result.
The Media Scapegoat and Mom’s Mouth

Swearing acceptance as a function of media and family influences was examined among 763 college students from a large southeastern public research university. Participants completed an online quest...
Celestine in a sulfidic spring barite deposit - A potential biomarker?

Abstract We have documented the presence of celestine (SrSO 4 ) within sediment accumulating at an artesian sulfidic spring (Zodletone Spring, Oklahoma) dominated by barite (BaSO 4 ) precipitation associated with microbiological activity. The distribution and speciation of Sr in solid phases was determined by synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and micro-X-ray diffraction, and particle morphology and texture was determined using electron microscopy. In all the natural sulfidic spring samples and lithified tufa sample, celestine was detected in fine-grained micron-scale Sr-rich phases but not in euhedral, Sr-poor grains. In parallel laboratory-based precipitation experiments, celestine was not observed even when solutions contained high Sr/Ba. Thermodynamic predictions alone do not account for the presence of micron-scale celestine in the sulfidic spring, and they do not account for the differences in Sr presence and distribution in naturally-occurring versus synthetic grains. While the mechanism is unclear, based on this evidence we hypothesize that the combination of bacterial surfaces and microenvironments within the crusts and microbial mats creates a synergistic effect where Sr is preferentially exchanged over Ba between the overlying stream water and the pore water within the mats allowing celestine to precipitate. Ultimately, our results point to an important role of biological activity for preferential Sr uptake. The presence of micron-scale celestine in ancient barite deposits can therefore potentially be used as a biomarker for conditions similar to modern sulfidic springs.
Improving Electrodeposition of Mg through an Open Circuit Potential Hold

We used in situ X-ray diffraction, XPS, SEM, and electrochemical methods to interrogate the mechanism of Mg electrodeposition from PhMgCl/AlCl3 (APC) and EtMgCl electrolytes. An open circuit potential (OCP) pause following Mg deposition led to retained enhancement of Mg deposition and stripping kinetics along with lowered overpotentials for both. In situ X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the OCP pause led to a more polycrystalline deposit relative to that without the pause, while SEM presented micrographs that showed smaller deposits with an OCP hold. The improvement is attributed to an “enhancement layer” that formed on the electrode during the OCP hold. Analysis of XPS data suggests that the “enhancement layer” consists of Mg and Cl retained on the electrode surface, possibly following electrode depassivation.
Regulation of Motivation: Contextual and Social Aspects.

BackgroundModels of self-regulated learning have been used extensively as a way of understanding how students understand, monitor, and manage their own academic functioning. The regulation of motiv...
Towards millions of communicating threads

We explore in this paper the advantages that accrue from avoiding the use of wildcards in MPI. We show that, with this change, one can efficiently support millions of concurrently communicating light-weight threads using send-receive communication.
Park use is associated with less sedentary time among low-income parents and their preschool child: The NET-Works study

Introduction Parks are an important component of the neighborhood environment, and their presence is believed to support higher levels of physical activity among residents. The present study examined park use frequency among a sample of 534 low-income parents of preschool aged children. Associations with child and parent physical activity, neighborhood characteristics and physical characteristics of the block immediately surrounding the home were examined.
Link scheduling and channel assignment with a graph spectral clustering approach

We tackle the challenging problem of link scheduling and channel assignment in multi-channel, multi-hop wireless networks, aiming to achieve high network throughput. We adopt the signed graph spectral clustering algorithm to solve this problem heuristically, by jointly considering channel gain and mutual interference. The basic idea is to cluster links with smaller mutual interference and allocate channels with a higher gain. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of our proposed algorithm over a benchmark scheme in terms of minimum link throughput and sum throughput.
High-throughput screening for drugs of abuse and pharmaceutical drugs in hair by liquid-chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS)

Abstract A liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method for the simultaneous screening in hair samples of drugs of abuse and medicaments was developed. Target analytes screened using a single extraction and analytical run were opiates, cocaine, amphetamines and amphetamine-like substances, ketamine and analogues, cannabinoids, both natural and synthetic, cathinones, piperazines, ephedrines and others new psychoactive substances not pertaining to these classes; pharmaceutical drugs such as antipsychotics, antiepileptics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines and analogues, anorectics, stimulants, drugs for the erectile dysfunction. The multiresidual method involved methanolic incubation of 30 mg of decontaminated hair and analysis of the extract in HPLC using a C18 column. The mass detector, a benchtop Orbitrap Exactive, with nominal resolving power of 100,000, operated in full scan mode in positive ESI. Analytes were identified by exact mass, correspondence of isotopic cluster and retention times using a home-made database. The database contained the protonated exact masses of each monoisotopic compound, the retention time and the molecular formula of each studied analyte. At the moment the database contains 177 analytes. The screening method was validated for selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), matrix effect and carryover. The limits of detection obtained varied from 2 to 30 pg/mg, and the matrix effect was negligible. This method was then applied to three hundred authentic samples, resulting in the identification of various drugs of abuse and therapeutic drugs. The analyte identity was subsequently confirmed by in-source fragmentation. Thanks to the scan acquisition, this method also enables retrospective re-analysis of the acquired datafile in case a further analyte needs to be screened.
Annoyance and Speech Interference from Noise

In Experiment One, noise from five home appliance and five shop tools was evaluated for speech interference (ie words missed) and annoyance by 23 subjects (11 male, 12 female). Both speech interference and annoyance were highly (r2 = .76 and .66) correlated with dbA noise level.In Experiment Two, 15 “industrial” noises (mean dbA=84; range = 59 to 97) were evaluated for annoyance by 100 subjects (79 male, 21 female). The annoyance vote was analyzed by analysis of covariance. In addition to annoyance being a function of dbA, the subject's gender, age and whether they were a student or not were significant predictor's of annoyance. A simple predictor equation was ANNOY (vote on scale 1 to 5) = 3.05 + .124 (dbA—84) + .001 (dbA-84)2 + .16 (if student) with r2= .60.
US Preventive Services Task Force prostate-specific antigen screening guidelines result in higher Gleason score diagnoses.

Purpose To evaluate the impact that the 2012 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening guidelines have had on the diagnosis of prostate cancer, we compared the incidence and distribution of new cases diagnosed in 2011-before the USPSTF PSA screening recommendations versus 2014 at which time the guidelines were widely adopted. Materials and Methods We identified all prostate biopsies performed by a large urology group practice utilizing a centralized pathology lab. We examined total biopsies performed, percentage of positive biopsies, and for those with positive biopsies examined for differences in patient age, PSA, and Gleason score. Results A total of 4,178 biopsies were identified - 2,513 in 2011 and 1,665 in 2014. The percentage of positive biopsies was 27% in 2011 versus 34% in 2014 (p<0.0001). Among patients with positive biopsies, we found statistically significant differences between the 2 cohorts in the median ages and Gleason scores. Patients were about 1 year younger in 2014 compared to 2011 (t-test; p=0.043). High Gleason scores (8-10) were diagnosed in 19% of the 2014 positive biopsies versus 9% in the 2011 positive biopsies (chi square; p<0.0001). Conclusions After the widespread implementation of the 2011 USPTF PSA screening guidelines, 34% fewer biopsies were performed with a 29% increase in positive biopsy rates. We found a significantly higher incidence of high grade disease in 2014 compared with 2011. The percentage of patients with positive biopsies having Gleason scores 8-10 more than doubled in 2014. The higher incidence of these more aggressive cancers must be part of the discussion regarding PSA screening.
Coopetition Among Nonprofit Organizations: Strategic and Synergistic Implications of Competition and Cooperation: An Abstract

This qualitative study assesses the extent and nature of coopetition among nonprofit arts organizations within a midsize metropolitan area based on results of structured, guided interviews of their executive directors. It focuses on cooperation among organizations that might view each other as competitors, assessing six general factors: competition, cooperation, barriers to cooperation, tactical considerations, strategic considerations, and evaluative considerations.
Quantile forecasts for traffic predictive control

We present a quantile regression method for predicting future traffic flow at a signalized intersection by combining both historical and real-time data. The algorithm exploits nonlinear correlations in historical measurements, and efficiently solves a quantile loss optimization problem using the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM). The resulting parameter vectors allow us to determine a probability distribution of upcoming traffic flow. We use these predictions to establish an efficient, delay-minimizing control policy for the intersection. The approach is demonstrated on a case study with two years of high resolution flow measurements.
Classifying Combinations: Investigating Undergraduate Students’ Responses to Different Categories of Combination Problems

In this paper we report on a survey designed to test whether or not students differentiated between two different types of problems involving combinations - problems in which combinations are used to count unordered sets of distinct objects (a natural, common way to use combinations), and problems in which combinations are used to count ordered sequences of two (or more) indistinguishable objects (a less obvious application of combinations). We hypothesized that novice students may recognize combinations as appropriate for the first type but not for the second type, and our results support this hypothesis. We briefly discuss the mathematics, share the results, and offer implications and directions for future research.
Computer aided fluorescence imaging of photosynthetic systems : Application of video imaging to the study of fluorescence induction in green plants and photosynthetic bacteria.

A fluorescence video imaging system utilizing relatively inexpensive commercial components is described. The instrument utilizes a black and white CCD video camera detector, a commercial video imaging board and a IBM-AT compatible computer. The color output of the imaging board greatly aids in the users ability to visually discriminate areas of interest in the video field. Software development that enables the user to capture kinetic traces in real time from the video images is also described. The system is used to monitor fluorescence from photosynthetic systems. The usefulness of the system in screening for photosynthetic mutants is also demonstrated. The cost of the system can be kept below $12,000.
Automatic generation of program affinity policies using machine learning

Modern scientific and server programs require multisocket, multicore machines to achieve good performance. Maximizing the performance of these programs requires careful consideration of program behavior and careful management of hardware resources. In particular, a program's affinity can have a critical performance effect. For such machines, there are many possible affinities for a multithreaded program. In this paper, we present AutoFinity, a solution to automatically generate program affinity policies that consider program behavior and the target machine. The policies are constructed with machine learning and used online to select an affinity. We implemented AutoFinity on a 4-processor, 48-core machine and evaluated it on 18 multithreaded programs with varying thread counts. Our results show that in 12 out of 15 cases where affinity impacts runtime, the policy generated by AutoFinity chose affinities that improved performance versus assignments that do not consider program and machine behavior.
Proceedings of the Tenth Meeting of ACL Special Interest Group on Computational Morphology and Phonology

We are pleased to present the Proceedings of the Tenth Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group on Computational Morphology and Phonology (SIGMORPHON), to be held on June 19, 2008 at Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. The purpose of SIGMORPHON is to foster computational research on the phonological, morphological, and phonetic properties of human language. All three of these sub-areas deal largely with the local structure of words and so share many technical methods. Furthermore, computational work that models empirical data must often draw on at least two of these areas, with explicit consideration of the morphology-phonology or phonology-phonetics interface. Morphology and phonetics were officially added to the SIG's charter only in 2006, when the SIG membership voted to amend the SIG's constitution and change its name from SIGPHON. This expansion of the SIG's mission beyond phonology was supported and subsequently approved by the ACL. The new name (suggested by Johanna Moore) is pronounced "SIG more fun," which we hope is an accurate assessment. Since SIGMORPHON's 2007 workshop was a special-topic workshop on computing and historical phonology, the present 2008 workshop is the first that reflects the breadth of the new charter. In particular, we are pleased to include two papers on unsupervised morphological analysis, and an invited talk on articulatory modeling for speech recognition.
Abstract TP118: Post-Stroke Whole Body Vibration Reduces Frailty in Nicotine Exposed Female Rats

Background: Stroke disproportionately kills more women than men and the risk of stroke remains high even at a young age among women smokers. Smoking prior to stroke is associated with increased pos...
Panretinal Photocoagulation along the Long Ciliary Nerve in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Abstract Patients with a history of pan retinal photocoagulation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy underwent ultra-widefield imaging with identification of the long ciliary nerve. This study found high prevalence of photocoagulation along the nerve despite current guidance. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is a prevalent disease associated with significant morbidity, reduced quality of life, high costs, and significant visual loss. 1 Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is a widely-used technique to decrease neovascularization and bleeding and reduce severe vision loss in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). 2 , 3 Despite its uses, multiple cases have linked peripheral laser photocoagulation near the long ciliary nerve (LCN) to corneal ulceration, transient accommodative paresis and pupillary disturbances 4 , 5 , 6 . Current guidelines from the Basic and Clinical Science Course recommend that “the long ciliary nerves in the 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock meridians should be avoided” during PRP. 7 The development of ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus imaging offers a unique opportunity to visualize the long ciliary nerve. The aim of this study is to establish the frequency of inadvertent panretinal photocoagulation along the long ciliary nerve through confirmation of laser marks on widefield fundus imaging.
Sino-Russian relations: the false promise of Russian balancing

The expectation that Russian will balance China’s growing presence in Central Asia and Northeast Asia is premised on fundamental misunderstandings of the nature of balance of power politics and of Russian great power capabilities. First, contrary to neorealist scholarship, secondary powers nearly always bandwagon; the traditional classical realist security studies literature’s focus on the centrality of capabilities, rather than on intentions and threat perception, explains non-great power behavior in the context of great power competition. Second, contrary to a widespread assumption, and following the understanding of the attributes of great power in the traditional security literature, Russia is not a great power in East Asia; it lacks the necessary relative great power capabilities in its Far East. China is the sole great power on mainland Northeast Asia. In this respect, the sources of Russian security policy will be similar to other secondary powers, both in East Asia and elsewhere.
Anomaly Obstructions to Symmetry Preserving Gapped Phases

Anomalies are renormalization group invariants that constrain the dynamics of quantum field theories. We show that certain anomalies for discrete global symmetries imply that the underlying theory either spontaneously breaks its generalized global symmetry or is gapless. We identify an obstruction, formulated in terms of the anomaly inflow action, that must vanish if a symmetry preserving gapped phase, i.e. a unitary topological quantum field theory, exits with the given anomaly. Our result is similar to the $2d$ Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem but applies more broadly to continuum theories in general spacetime dimension with various types of discrete symmetries including higher-form global symmetries. As a particular application, we use our result to prove that certain $4d$ non-abelian gauge theories at $\theta=\pi$ cannot flow at long distances to a phase which simultaneously, preserves time-reversal symmetry, is confining, and is gapped. We also apply our obstruction to $4d$ adjoint QCD and constrain its dynamics.
On the probability of Boolean functions of events in the n-dimensional Euclidean space

It is shown by the author in 2017 that for the union of N orthants in the n-dimensional space there exists an efficient and systematic way to find the exact value, using a suitable partial order relation construction. In this paper our events are hyperrectangles (or n-orthotopes), the Cartesian product of intervals: another important sets (or events) in both theory and practice. We have discovered a new efficient algorithm for the union of such events. With other important Boolean functions we present optimization problem formulations for both hyperreectangles and orthants.
RF-MSiP: Radio Frequency Multi-source Indoor Positioning

Computation of accurate indoor positioning information is important in several areas like mobile robotics, large scale sensor networks, smart city, virtual reality and applications involving internet-of-things (IoT). In spite of its growing importance due to the advent of large scale autonomous deployments of sensor networks and IoTs, we still do not have a solution for indoor positioning that is equivalent to the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is the standard for large scale outdoor 10- calization. However GPS is not useful for indoor positioning as it is often unreliable and/or unavailable in indoor environments. In this paper we present a multi-source radio frequency (RF) based framework for automatic indoor positioning using received signal strength (RSS) and demonstrate its efficacy by simultaneously using broadcast FM radio & GSM signals for position estimation. Our framework is data driven and can be justified using Bayesian minimum risk analysis and is easy to extend by incorporating other sources of RF signals (like WiFi signals) and thus provides a generalized framework for building indoor positioning systems using signals of opportunity. We call our framework RF-MSiP: Radio Frequency Multi-Source Indoor Positioning Using our algorithms with the well known AMBILOC dataset, we can localize exactly for approximately 98.7% of the test locations over a period of one year, which demonstrates not only the efficacy of the algorithms but also its resiliency to change in the RF environment across the year, thus establishing the transfer learning capability of our system.
Patient Satisfaction Metrics

Patient satisfaction has been studied and measured in earnest since the 1980s. Metrics were refined over time as our understanding of patient desires has grown. Current surveys focus on the process of care rather than the outcome of the medical service and may be more appropriately referred to as surveys of patient experience. The patient experience is an important measure of medical care quality, and therefore, patient experience metrics have become as important as other measures of clinical quality such as infection rate and annual screening tests. While patient experience metrics focus on the patient’s assessment of various components of care from points of access to other touch points, patients may encounter along the continuum of care, a more consumer-centric approach would consider the overall patient experience as the best endpoint. The distinction between patient satisfaction, as determined by a defined set of quantifiable metrics, and the patient experience, which includes other determinants that are sometimes outside the immediate control of the healthcare provider, is important and will be addressed in this chapter. This chapter explores the many reasons why patient experience metrics are important, reviews the most common inpatient and outpatient metrics used in the United States, and addresses some of the shortcomings associated with following and managing patient experience metrics.
Verification of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry

Objective To verify the feasibility and application value of an improved method for determination of urinary iodine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry.Methods Adults urine samples were collected,iodine calibration curves of 0-300 μg/L and 300-1200 μg/L were prepared,and urinary iodine was determined by the improved As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometric method.Lyophilized human urinary iodine ingredient standards were used to validate linearity and range,limit of detection,precision and accuracy of this improved detection method.Results The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-300 μg/L,the detection limit was 1.8 μg/L,and the range of correlation coefficient was-0.9995--0.9997.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,200-280 μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 1.5％,0.8％ and 0.5％.When measuring urinary iodine at 40-80,100-149,150-180 μg/L,the average recoveries were 97.8％,99.8％ and 96.6％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (73.0± 9.0) and (206.0± 10.0)μg/L,and the results determined by this method were (75.5 + 0.9) and (207.5 ± 1.9)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 3.4％ and 0.7％,respectively,the results determined were all within the given value range.The linear range of the calibration curve was 300-1200 μg/L,the detection limit was 305.2 μg/L,the range of the correlation coefficient was-0.9996--0.9999.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-400,500-600 and 1000-1200μg/L,the relative standard deviations were 0.6％,1.0％ and 0.7％.When measuring urinary iodine at 300-499,500-599 and 600-700 μg/L,the average recoveries were 99.7％,99.2％ and 100.4％.Two given values of urinary iodine of national standard samples were (558.3 ± 3.5) and (884.8 ± 4.7)μg/L,the results determined by this method were (556.0 + 17.0) and (883.0 ± 28.0)μg/L,and the relative deviation was 0.4％ and 0.2％,respectively,the results were all within the given value range.Conclusions This method extends the detection range of iodine concentration,and improves precision and accuracy.This method greatly reduces the amount of arsenic used therefore reduces environmental pollution,which is suitable for promotion. Key words: Iodine ; Urine ; Sample detection limit; Precision ; Accuracy
Numerical simulation of sliding bubbles in saturated flow boiling

Abstract This paper presents a numerical study of the heat transfer associated with multiple sliding bubbles in saturated flow boiling. We develop a stagnant micro-layer model, which is subsequently validated with an existing experimental study. We employ the said model to simulate flow boiling with shear rates γ ranging from 0.02 s−1 through 0.17 s−1, for bubble spacing s = 2.5 mm and 5 mm. We observe that for a fixed s, the heat transfer coefficients for all values of γ deviate from one another after a certain time. For cases with s = 5.0 mm, we observe a distinct bubble growth period prior to bubble sliding. For cases with s = 2.5 mm, we observe a relatively short growth period followed by prolonged sliding. The micro-layer contributes up to 65 % of the total latent heat absorbed. Cases with s = 2.5 mm yield a better heat transfer coefficient than those with s = 5 mm. The improvement in the heat transfer coefficient correlates linearly with the lift-off time.
Harnessing Apoptosis in AML.

The treatment landscape for acute myeloid leukemia has expanded significantly in the past 5 years with the approval of several therapeutic small molecules. While agents such as FLT3 inhibitors and IDH inhibitors are restricted for patients with specific mutations, the selective BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax combined with a hypomethylating agent or low-dose cytarabine was approved after demonstrating frontline efficacy across a molecularly heterogenous group of patients. Currently, venetoclax is being investigated in combination with multiple other therapies as the role of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in acute myeloid leukemia continues to be explored.
NDN-DPDK: NDN Forwarding at 100 Gbps on Commodity Hardware

Since the Named Data Networking (NDN) data plane requires name-based lookup of potentially large tables using variable-length hierarchical names as well as per-packet state updates, achieving high-speed NDN forwarding remains a challenge. In order to address this gap, we developed a high-performance NDN router capable of reaching forwarding rates higher than 100 Gbps while running on commodity hardware. In this paper we present our design and discuss its tradeoffs. We achieved this performance through several optimization techniques that include adopting better algorithms and efficient data structures, as well as making use of the parallelism offered by modern multi-core CPUs and multiple hardware queues with user-space drivers for kernel bypass. Our open-source forwarder is the first software implementation of NDN to exceed 100 Gbps throughput while supporting the full protocol semantics. We also present the results of extensive benchmarking carried out to assess a number of performance dimensions and to diagnose the current bottlenecks in the packet processing pipeline for future scalability enhancements. Finally, we identify future work which includes hardware-assisted ingress traffic dispatching, dynamic load balancing across forwarding threads, and novel caching solutions to accommodate on-disk content stores.
A prospective randomised simulation trial comparing our novel AIR-BOX to standard airway equipment storage modalities

Background There is little evidence guiding equipment handling during emergency endotracheal intubations (EEI). Available evidence and current practice are either outdated, anecdotal or focused on difficult—not emergency—intubation. In this study, we describe and evaluate our equipment handling unit: the AIR-BOX. Methods This is a proof-of-concept, prospective, randomised simulation trial. A convenience sample of 50 airway course participants voluntarily underwent randomisation: 21 to the AIR-BOX group, 14 to the intubation box group, and 15 to the crash cart group. The volunteers were asked to intubate a manikin using the equipment from the storage unit of their randomisation. Outcome measures included time-to-readiness, time-to-intubation, first-pass success, and subjective operator experience. Results The mean time-to-readiness was 67.2 s with the AIR-BOX, 84.6 s with the intubation box, and 115 s with the crash cart. The mean time-to-intubation was 105 s with the AIR-BOX, 127 s with the intubation box and 167 s with the crash cart. A statistically significant difference was achieved between the AIR-BOX and the crash cart. No statistically significant difference was found between the three groups with regard to first-pass success or the time between intubation readiness and intubation. Conclusions This study supports the AIR-BOX as a viable tool that can improve and simplify access to emergency intubating equipment. It also opens doors for multiple future innovations that can positively impact equipment handling practices. Future studies can focus on assessing whether applying the AIR-BOX will yield a clinically significant impact on patient outcomes.
The Search for a Complex Molecule in a Selected Hot Core Region: A Rigorous Attempt to Confirm Trans-ethyl Methyl Ether toward W51 e1/e2

An extensive search has been conducted to confirm transitions of trans-ethyl methyl ether (tEME, C{sub 2}H{sub 5}OCH{sub 3}), toward the high-mass star forming region W51 e1/e2 using the 12 m Telescope of the Arizona Radio Observatory at wavelengths from 2 mm and 3 mm. In short, we cannot confirm the detection of tEME toward W51 e1/e2 and our results call into question the initial identification of this species by Fuchs et al. Additionally, re-evaluation of the data from the original detection indicates that tEME is not present toward W51 e1/e2 in the abundance reported by Fuchs and colleagues. Typical peak-to-peak noise levels for the present observations of W51 e1/e2 were between 10 and 30 mK, yielding an upper limit of the tEME column density of ≤1.5 × 10{sup 15} cm{sup –2}. This would make tEME at least a factor of two times less abundant than dimethyl ether (CH{sub 3}OCH{sub 3}) toward W51 e1/e2. We also performed an extensive search for this species toward the high-mass star forming region Sgr B2(N-LMH) with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory 100 m Green Bank Telescope. No transitions of tEME were detected and we were able to set an upper limit to the tEME column density of ≤4 × 10{supmore » 14} cm{sup –2} toward this source. Thus, we are able to show that tEME is not a new molecular component of the interstellar medium and that an exacting assessment must be carried out when assigning transitions of new molecular species to astronomical spectra to support the identification of large organic interstellar molecules.« less
Nobody's free until everybody's free: how feminist identification influences white Americans' willingness to recognize and respond to racial discrimination

While a long history of Black feminist thought grapples with the relationship between gender and racial oppression, both historical and present-day examples showcase how white feminists often strug...
A Prediction Model for Positive Infant Meconium and Urine Drug Tests.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the factors associated with positive infant drug screen and create a shortened screen and a prediction model. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective cohort study of all infants who were tested for drugs of abuse from May 2012 through May 2014. The primary outcome was positive infant urine or meconium drug test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. A combined screen was created, and test characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS Among the 3,861 live births, a total of 804 infants underwent drug tests. Variables associated with having a positive infant test were (1) positive maternal urine test, (2) substance use during pregnancy, (3) ≤ one prenatal visit, and (4) remote substance abuse; each p-value was less than 0.0001. A model with an indicator for having at least one of these four predictors had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 69%. Application of this screen to our population would have decreased drug testing by 57%. No infants had a positive urine drug test when their mother's urine drug test was negative. CONCLUSION This simplified screen can guide clinical decision making for determining which infants should undergo drug testing. Infant urine drug tests may not be needed when a maternal drug test result is negative. KEY POINTS · Many common drug screening criteria are not predictive.. · Four criteria predicted positive infant drug tests.. · No infant urine drug test is needed if the mother tests negative..
Changes in perceptions of media bias

In this paper, we utilize a module from the Cooperative Congressional Election Study to explore how individual perceptions of media bias changed over the course of the 2016 presidential campaign. W...
Total Intravenous Anesthetics

Total IV anesthetics are an excellent analgesic commonly used for neurosurgeries involving neuromonitoring or given to patients at risk for elevated intracranial pressure. Compared to inhaled anesthetics, TIVA requires some additional setup with multiple infusions, careful monitoring of one’s peripheral IV, and adjustment of IV anesthetic dosing timed appropriately to efficient emergence and extubation. This chapter highlights indications for TIVA and reviews common IV medications used to achieve TIVA. It then reviews potential complications of TIVA, how to avoid them, and discusses a possible technique for TIVA.
Outcomes associated with delayed enteral feeding after cardiac arrest treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and targeted temperature management.

Abstract Introduction While early enteral nutrition is generally preferred in critically ill patients, the optimal timing of feeding among refractory cardiac arrest patients is unknown. We examined the association between timing of enteral nutrition and patient survival and safety outcomes in patients with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) who were treated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 142 consecutive patients presenting with OHCA due to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia treated with ECPR and targeted temperature management (TTM). Neurologically favorable survival and clinical outcomes were compared between patients who received early enteral nutrition ( 48 h after admission). Results Enteral nutrition was initiated in 90/142 (63%) patients. Early enteral nutrition was provided in 34/90 (38%) while delayed nutrition occurred in 56/90 (62%). In adjusted analysis including patients who received nutrition, delayed enteral feeding was associated with increased odds of neurologically favorable survival (29 vs 54%, CI 1.04−7.25, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in the incidence of pneumonia (18 vs 27%, p = 0.16), gastrointestinal bleeding (5.9 vs 3.6%, p = 0.42), intestinal ischemia (5.9 vs 5.4%, p = 0.90), ileus (12 vs 11%, p = 0.98), or need for tracheostomy (15 vs 20%, p = 0.81) between early and late feeding groups. Conclusion In patients with refractory OHCA treated with ECPR and TTM, delayed enteral nutrition was associated with improved neurologically favorable survival. Adverse events related to enteral feeding were not associated with timing of feeding initiation.
Extended cycle life implications of fast charging for lithium-ion battery cathode

Abstract Enabling extreme fast charging (XFC, ≤10–15 min charging) requires a comprehensive understanding of its implications. While lithium plating is a key bottleneck for the anode, the full extent of limitations for the cathode are not well-understood, particularly in extended-cycle settings with well-defined battery designs and conditions. This article presents cycle-life implications of XFC on cathodes at multiple length scales, combining electrochemical analyses, degradation modeling, and post-test characterizations. The comprehensive test matrix includes 41 well-defined gr/NMC pouch cells under varied fast-charge rates (1–9C) and state-of-charges cycled up to 1000 times. Cathode issues remain minimal in early cycling, but begin to accelerate in later life, when distinct cracking is found and identified as a fatigue mechanism. The bulk structure of cathodes remains intact, but distinct particle surface reconstruction is observed; however, this shows less pronounced effect on cathode aging than does cracking.
Assessing Student Engagement With Campus Chaplains: A Pilot Study From a Residential Liberal Arts College

This article examines student engagement with chaplaincy services through a pilot survey administered at a private liberal arts college (n = 1043). Almost half of the respondents reported engagemen...
Police and immigration enforcement: Impacts on Latino(a) residents' perceptions of police

Purpose – Recent years have witnessed a national policy shift towards involving state and local police in enforcing US federal immigration laws. Critics argue that involving local police in enforcing immigration law will decrease Latino(a) and immigrant residents' willingness to report crime and their cooperation with the police, and will also increase racial profiling and negatively impact documented and undocumented residents. This paper aims to examine Latino(a) residents' perceptions of the police before and after an extended local controversy about involving police in enforcing immigration laws in Costa Mesa, California.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reports findings of a before‐and‐after study in the Westside area of the City of Costa Mesa, California. Methods include Spanish and English language telephone surveys of Latino(a) and non‐Latino(a) residents in the Westside (n=169 respondents before and n=91 respondents after), conducted in 2002 and in 2007.Findings – In survey responses, Latin...
Interhemispheric ependymoma mimicking falx meningioma. Case report.

✓ A report of an interhemispheric ependymoma with classical angiographic characteristics of falx meningioma illustrates that a neoplasm of intracerebral origin may present in a predominantly extracerebral location.
Das Malmezon II

Die dritte Untersuchung meines Falls begann gegen Mitte April 1953. Mein neuer Vernehmungsoffizier war wieder ein junger, uniformierter Leutnant, der aber intelligenter und aufgeschlossener als der letzte Vernehmer war. Bei unserer ersten Begegnung sagte er, dass er schlimme Dinge uber mich gehort habe, dass ich seinen Kollegen viele Schwierigkeiten bereitet hatte und mir den Ruf erworben habe, nicht mit den Ermittlern zusammenzuarbeiten.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induction of Endothelial Ephrin A1 Expression Is Mediated by a p38 MAPK- and SAPK/JNK-dependent but Nuclear Factor-κB-independent Mechanism

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a multifunctional cytokine that induces a broad spectrum of responses including angiogenesis. Angiogenesis promoted by TNF-alpha is mediated, at least in part, by ephrin A1, a member of the ligand family for Eph receptor tyrosine kinases. Although TNF-alpha induces ephrin A1 expression in endothelial cells, the signaling pathways mediating ephrin A1 induction remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the signaling mechanisms of TNF-alpha-dependent induction of ephrin A1 in endothelial cells. Both TNFR1 and TNFR2 appear to be involved in regulating ephrin A1 expression in endothelial cells, because neutralizing antibodies to either TNFR1 or TNFR2 inhibited TNF-alpha-induced ephrin A1 expression. Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation by a trans-dominant inhibitory isoform of mutant IkappaBalpha did not affect ephrin A1 induction, suggesting that NF-kappaB proteins are not major regulators of ephrin A1 expression. In contrast, ephrin A1 induction was blocked by inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or SAPK/JNK, but not p42/44 MAPK, using either selective chemical inhibitors or dominant-negative forms of p38 MAPK or TNF receptor-associated factor 2. These findings indicate that TNF-alpha-induced ephrin A1 expression is mediated through JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrated that induction of ephrin A1 in endothelial cells by TNF-alpha is mediated through both p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK, but not p42/44 MAPK or NF-kappaB, pathways.
Variation of delivered impulse as a function of asteroid shape

This paper will review recent research results focused on the effect of realistic asteroid shapes on the linear momentum delivered to an asteroid during a mitigation attempt. We use simple models for the effect of kinetic impactors and convolve these with a realistic asteroid shape model. For the asteroid shape we use a radar-derived shape model for the asteroid Golevka that captures global topography. For a given impact site we use realistic error distributions and determine how variable the delivered linear and angular momentum impulse is. We find strongly non-Gaussian deviations in delivered momentum, indicating that it may be difficult to achieve a desired level of precision in a deflection attempt.