cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Trauma-Exposed Latina Immigrants' Networks: A Social Network Analysis Approach.

Objective Trauma exposure among Latina immigrants is common. Social support networks can buffer the impact of trauma on mental health. This study characterizes the social networks of trauma-exposed Latina immigrants using a social network analysis perspective. Methods In 2011-2012 a convenience sample (n=28) of Latina immigrants with trauma exposure and presumptive depression or posttraumatic stress disorder was recruited from a community clinic in Washington DC. Participants completed a social network assessment and listed up to ten persons in their network (alters). E-Net was used to describe the aggregate structural, interactional, and functional characteristics of networks and Node-XL was used in a case study to diagram one network. Results Most participants listed children (93%), siblings (82%), and friends (71%) as alters, and most alters lived in the US (69%). Perceived emotional support and positive social interaction were higher compared to tangible, language, information, and financial support. A case study illustrates the use of network visualizations to assess the strengths and weaknesses of social networks. Conclusions Targeted social network interventions to enhance supportive networks among trauma-exposed Latina immigrants are warranted.
Luminescence Study of the Samarium(II) Sites in Samarium: Barium Octaborate as Differentiated by Excitation Wavelength and Temperature.

Divalent samarium incorporated in a barium octaborate matrix prepared by firing homogeneous precipitates has been studied with emission spectroscopy. One of the samarium sites associated with this product exhibits an extremely strong temperature dependence upon using an excitation wavelength of 532 nm. This effect allows for specific differentiation between the two major Sm(II) sites associated with this compound. Based on the assignment of the emission features to specific sites, the symmetry of the first samarium environment is thought to be C3 or C3v while that associated with the second site appears to be C2v.
The Birth of Modern Academic Criminology in Bangladesh: Directions for Future Research and the Growth of the Science of Criminology

Academic criminology in Bangladesh was formally established with the opening of Master of Social Science in Criminology and Criminal Justice at Dhaka University in 2010. This chapter explores the contexts and the catalysts for this birth of modern academic criminology in Bangladesh and examines its future growth and evolution. The impetus for the growth of academic criminology in Bangladesh came in the contexts of both global and local imperatives. Globally, the science of criminology became firmly established within the academic settings of the West by the end of the twentieth century. At the same time, there also began a global movement for reforms in criminal justice as an integral part of an international development aimed to foster human security, democracy, the rule of law, judicial accountability, and equal access to justice. Locally, Bangladesh was facing many challenges of expanding global crimes in the South Asian region, and the country embarked on a huge plan to modernize its criminal justice system with the aid of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the European Union (EU), the Asian Development Bank, and many other international assistance organizations. The time of the first decade of the twenty-first century was, therefore, ripe for the growth of academic criminology in Bangladesh. For future growth and productivity, Bangladesh criminology should focus on such areas as theory development, modernization of crime measurement, development of victimization and self-reporting crime surveys, integration of modern science and technology into policing and crime analysis, development of new laws for combating global crimes of different kinds, and innovative methods and strategies for crime prevention.
Evaluation of proteomic profiles of normal mucosa, Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) obtained from humans and the Levrat’s rat model of BE/EAC.

e14689 Background: EAC from BE is increasing, and prognosis is poor. Representative models are critical to understanding BE/EAC and developing therapies. We refined the Levrat’s model of BE/EAC and...
The nuclear 28S gene fragment D3 as species marker in oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) from German peatlands

To make oribatid mites an applicable tool in monitoring programs it is necessary to find a molecular species marker that allows distinct, rapid and easy species identification. In previous studies, the common barcoding sequence COI showed to be too variable to serve as species marker in oribatid mites. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential use of the D3 region of the nuclear 28S rDNA gene for species identification. Therefore, we generated a reference DNA library of 28S D3 to identify specimens of the Oribatida from Germany, with focus on species occurring in peatlands being one of the most endangered habitats in Europe. New DNA sequences were obtained from 325 individuals and 64 species (58 genera, 34 families). By adding 28S D3-sequences from GenBank we altogether analysed 385 sequences from 89 German species, 32 of them restricted to peatlands and further 42 occurring in peatlands occasionally, representing 46 and 33% of the oribatids in German peatlands, respectively. P-distances were measured between species within families as well as for intraspecific divergence. 28S D3 showed low intraspecific genetic p-distances between 0 and 0.5%, interspecific distances within families varied between 0 and 9.7%. Most species pairs within families were further separated by one to four indels in addition to substitutions. Altogether, 93% of all analysed species are clearly delineated by 28S D3. Our study emphasises that 28S D3 rDNA is a useful barcode for the identification of oribatid mite specimens and represents an important step in building-up a comprehensive barcode library to allow metabarcoding analyses of environmental peatland samples for Oribatida in Germany as well as in Central Europe.
Does serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy increase the risk of post-sphincterotomy bleeding in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography?

Does serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy increase the risk of post-sphincterotomy bleeding in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography?
Cerebral Salt-Wasting Syndrome: Diagnosis by Urine Sodium Excretion.

Abstract Background Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome (CSWS) was initially described over 60 years ago in hyponatremic patients with a cerebral lesion. However, the diagnostic criteria for CSWS have not been fully established. Thus, when hyponatremia is observed in patients with CSWS, they may be misdiagnosed as having the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Thus, it is critical to differentiate between these 2 conditions because their treatments are diametrically opposed. Materials and Methods We carried out a retrospective study of 45 patients with CSWS and compared them to 60 normonatremic control patients, and 28 patients with SIADH. All patients had their 24-hour urine volumes and sodium (Na) excretion measured. Results Patients with either CSWS or SIADH had an elevated 24-hour urine osmolality (>350mOsm/kg). In patients with CSWS, urinary Na excretion was 394 ± 369mmol/24 hours and urinary volume was 2,603 ± 996mL/24 hours; both values significantly greater than in controls ( P Conclusions CSWS was diagnosed in patients with cerebral lesion who had (1) symptomatic hyponatremia, (2) urine Na excretion 2SD above controls and (3) increased urine volume. Patients with SIADH also had symptomatic hyponatremia but, in contrast to patients with CSWS, they had decreased Na excretion and urine volume. Thus urine Na excretion and volume are very important for diagnosing the cause of hyponatremia in patients with cerebral lesions.
Unusual Acetabular and Proximal Femur Reconstructions: Technical Considerations From The Orthopaedic Oncology Perspective

The term “proximal femur replacement” deceptively implies that the proximal femur bone is simply replaced with metal. This is an inadequate description. A proximal femur replacement is not merely a large hip arthroplasty, and unusual acetabular reconstructions are among the most challenging in orthopedic surgery. Many principles of orthopedic oncology can be readily applied to the nononcologic setting, and can therefore assist the reconstructive surgeon with helpful techniques to address these difficult clinical problems.
Understanding Simple Cystectomy for Benign Disease: A Unique Patient Cohort With Significant Risks

Objective To explore patient characteristics and complications of simple cystectomy for benign disease. A secondary objective was to compare these parameters to those in radical cystectomy. Methods Current Procedural Terminology codes were used to identify patients within the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program who underwent cystectomy (2005-2014). International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, codes were used to classify patients with benign or malignant diagnoses. Perioperative complications (30 days) were identified and logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with morbidity. Results We identified 389 patients who had a cystectomy for benign diagnosis. A total of 235 patients (60.4%) had complications. The most frequently reported complication was bleeding (requiring a transfusion within 72 hours) in 150 patients (38.6%). Other complications were wound infection (63, 16.2%), respiratory complication (29, 7.5%), wound dehiscence (8, 2.1%), renal complication (9, 2.3%), cardiovascular complication (6, 1.5%), and postoperative deep vein thrombosis (8; 2.1). On multivariate analysis, diabetes (odds ratio 1.9, P = .04) and smoking (odds ratio 1.8, P = .03) were associated with increased odds of any complication. Compared with those with cystectomy for malignancy, this cohort was younger, with higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, and chronic kidney disease stages, and the complication risk was similar (60.4% vs 57.7%, P = .3). Conclusion Our data suggest that the benign and radical cystectomy patients are different patient populations, with benign patients being younger with a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists class. Even in benign disease, cystectomy is not without risk, and patients should be counseled accordingly.
Marianismo Identity, Self-Silencing, Depression and Anxiety in Women from Santa María de Dota, Costa Rica

“Marianismo”, a gender role script in Latin America, is the concept that women should be the spiritual family leaders, remain ab- stinent until marriage, and be submissive to their husbands; it origi- nates from the Catholic Church’s image of the Virgin Mary. I examined the link between Marianismo identity, self-silencing, depression and anxiety in a sample of 47 women from the town of Santa Maria de Dota, Costa Rica, who completed self-report scales. I found positive correla- tions between Marianismo identity and self-silencing, and between self-silencing and both anxiety and depression. Older women rated higher in Marianismo and self-silencing.
Modeling Dose Response for Late Dysphagia in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer in the Modern Era of Definitive Chemoradiation

PurposeTo develop personalized multivariate dose-response models for late dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer treated in the modern era of combined chemotherapy with intensity-modulated radiation therapy.Patients and MethodsThe analysis included 424 patients (oropharyngeal cancer [n = 295] and nasopharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, or laryngeal cancer [n = 129]) who received definitive chemoradiation between January 2004 and April 2009. The superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles were contoured. We calculated generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) for each and the total constrictor muscle volume, with the volume effect parameter a varying from log10a = −1 to +1 in steps of 0.1. We used the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events (version 3.0) to grade late dysphagia and logistic regression to evaluate the correlation of gEUD(a) with grade 2 or higher (≥ G2) and grade 3 or higher (≥ G3) late dysphagia at each value of a.ResultsMedian follow-up wa...
Conditional MitoTimer reporter mice for assessment of mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and mitophagy

Assessment of structural and functional changes of mitochondria is vital for biomedical research as mitochondria are the power plants essential for biological processes and tissue/organ functions. Others and we have developed a novel reporter gene, pMitoTimer, which codes for a redox sensitive mitochondrial targeted protein that switches from green fluorescence protein (GFP) to red fluorescent protein (DsRed) when oxidized. It has been shown in transfected cells, transgenic C. elegans and Drosophila m., as well as somatically transfected adult skeletal muscle that this reporter gene allows quantifiable assessment of mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and lysosomal targeting of mitochondria-containing autophagosomes. Here, we generated CAG-CAT-MitoTimer transgenic mice using a transgene containing MitoTimer downstream of LoxP-flanked bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene with stop codon under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer fused to the chicken β-actin promoter (CAG). When CAG-CAT-MitoTimer mice were crossbred with various tissue-specific (muscle, adipose tissue, kidney, and pancreatic tumor) or global Cre transgenic mice, the double transgenic offspring showed MitoTimer expression in tissue-specific or global manner. Lastly, we show that hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion caused early, transient increases of mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation and lysosomal targeting of autophagosomes containing mitochondria as well as a later reduction of mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle along with mitochondrial oxidative stress in sciatic nerve. Thus, we have generated conditional MitoTimer mice and provided proof of principle evidence of their utility to simultaneously assess mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and mitophagy in vivo in a tissue-specific, controllable fashion.
High-Density SOT-MRAM Based on Shared Bitline Structure

This brief proposes a new design technique for spin-orbit torque magnetic random access memory (SOT-MRAM), suitable for high-density and low-power on-chip cache applications. A bitline of the proposed memory bit cell is shared with that of an adjacent bit cell leading to a reduction in the number of metals along the column direction. This results in higher integration density due to improved metal pitch limited region. The proposed memory can optimize the bit-cell area by aggressively reducing the size of write access transistor, since SOT-based switching operation of SOT devices translates to smaller size of write access transistor. Furthermore, the proposed SOT-MRAM still retains the advantages of SOT-MRAM such as low write energy dissipation, high read-disturb margin, and improved reliability of magnetic tunnel junction. In comparison with the conventional SOT-MRAM bit cells, our proposed MRAM bit cell can have 20% less bit-cell area. Even compared with the standard STT-MRAM, our proposed bit cell still achieves higher integration density. Moreover, the shared bitline SOT-MRAM achieves $> 6\times $ lower write power and higher read-disturb margin than does the STT-MRAM.
Association of sex and height with a lower ankle brachial index in the general population.

The ankle–brachial index (ABI) is a predictor of cardiovascular events, mortality and functional status. Some studies have noted a higher prevalence of peripheral artery disease in females compared...
To Protect and Collect: A Nationwide Study of Profit-motivated Police Crime

This study is part of a larger research project on police crime in the United States. Police crimes are those criminal offenses committed by sworn law enforcement officers who have the general powe...
2D-Electrothermal Analysis of Device Failure in Advanced MOS Processes

The most common protection schemes used in MOS ICs rely on the parasitic bipolar transistor associated with the nMOS devices. A basic MOS protection network includes an nMOS device whose drain is connected to the pin to be protected with the source tied to ground. The protection level or failure threshold can be set by varying the nMOS device width, provided uniform conduction is achieved. Under stress conditions, the dominant current conduction path between the protected pin and ground involves the parasitic bipolar transistor associated with the nMOS device. This parasitic bipolar transistor operates in the snapback region when the pin is stressed positive with respect to ground. Typical breakdown characteristics of a grounded-gate nMOS device are shown for reference in Fig 6.1. Generally, the nMOS protection device will fail under ESD/EOS as a result of the second breakdown which causes the current localization and the eventual device failure (thermal runaway) [87, 5]. Thermal runaway is a positive feedback process in a circuit component produced by the coupling of the device self-heating and the temperature-dependent electrical parameters under stress conditions.
Small Liquid Hydrogen Dewars, Design and Use

At the Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley our consumption of liquid hydrogen during the past three years has varied from 25 to 300 liters daily. The rate of use in various targets ranges from .25 liters to 6 liters per hour.
Automata Network Models of Interacting Populations

The first task that faces the theoretician who wants to interpret the time evolution of a complex system is the construction of a model. In the actual system many features are likely to be important. Not all of them, however, should be included in the model. Only the few relevant features which are thought to play an essential role in the interpretation of the observed phenomena should be retained. Such simplified descriptions should not be criticized on the basis of their omissions and oversimplifications. The investigation of a simple model is often very helpful in developing the intuition necessary for the understanding of the behavior of complex real systems. In many-body physics, for instance, models such as the van der Waals model of a fluid, the Heisenberberg model of ferromagnetism, the mass and spring model of lattice vibrations, the Landau model of phase transitions, the Ising model of cooperative phenomena, to mention just a few, have played a major role. A simple model, if it captures the key elements of a complex system, may elicit highly relevant questions.
Confirmation of genetic heterogeneity in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy: Linkage of an autosomal dominant form to chromosome 5q

Abstract Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders, with both recessive and dominant forms reported. Recently, a series of recessive LGMD families were linked to chromosome 15q. We report herein the results of our linkage studies in a previously reported large autosomal dominant family. The LGMD gene in this family was localized to chromosome 5q22.3-31.3 by using a series of CA(n) microsatellite repeat markers. Linkage to 15q was excluded. These findings confirm genetic heterogeneity in this clinically diverse syndrome.
3. The Treatment of Excessive Somnolence With Stimulant Drugs

Controlling the symptom of excessive sleepiness is an important responsibility of sleep medicine. Our group has reported that methamphetamine, given in the morning at doses of 40-60 mg, allowed narcoleptics to function throughout the day at normal levels of sleep tendency and psychomotor functioning as measured by multiple sleep latency and performance testing. These findings are important because they are the first to show normalization of function in narcolepsy with pharmacotherapy and because the dose of stimulant utilized was more than twice the maximum recommended by the manufacturer. Because it is possible to essentially eliminate the disabling sleepiness of narcolepsy, at least in the short term, we suggest that the following principles be applied in the therapeutic use of stimulant drugs: 1) Pathological sleepiness warrants aggressive treatment when sustained alertness is necessary for individual or public safety; 2) Stimulant drugs are important in the therapeutic approach to patients with pathological sleepiness; 3) The prime goal, although sometimes unachievable, should be symptom-free daytime functioning. It is important that, during therapy, a period of symptom-free daytime functioning be achieved for a frame of reference for evaluating future treatments; 4) Treatment efficacy should be assessed periodically with objective techniques such as the multiple sleep latency test or the maintenance of wakefulness test; 5) In some cases, stimulant doses may exceed the manufacturer's recommendations. However, the clinician should be guided by the prime goal of therapy, the patient's needs and the patient's ability to tolerate the chosen therapy.
Libertad, Igualdad, ¿y Fraternidad? (Presentación del suplemento 7 (2018) de Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofía)

Presentacion del monografico sobre Fraternidad (suplemento 7 (2018) de Daimon-Revista Internacional de Filosofia).
Considerations in Placement Decisions for Students with Extensive Support Needs: An Analysis of LRE Statements

Special education consists of specially designed services available for students with disabilities, and should be available across placements. Students with the most significant disabilities contin...
Pedestrian Count Expansion Methods: Bridging the Gap between Land Use Groups and Empirical Clusters:

Count expansion methods are a useful tool for creating long-term pedestrian or cyclist volume estimates from short-term counts for safety analysis or planning purposes. Expansion factors can be dev...
Health Impacts of Food Assistance: Evidence from the United States

This review focuses on the health and nutrition impacts of food assistance programs. We focus particular attention on the United States, both because of the plethora of types of programs and associ...
Requirement of caveolin polarity for endothelial cell spreading and migration.

3248 Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from pre-existing capillaries, is required in many physiological and pathological conditions, such as embryonic development, wound healing, tissue regeneration and tumor growth. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of neovascularization are not yet fully understood, but involve endothelial cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. A clear understanding of how endothelial cells sense chemoattractants, organize signaling asymmetry and make a directional movement is of pivotal importance in the biology of normal cells as well as tumor angiogenesis. To investigate polarized cellular activity in migrating cells, human endothelial cells were incubated in Dunn chamber to allow migration towards VEGF. Immunofluorescent staining with specific antibody against caveolin-1 revealed that caveolin-1 was concentrated to the rear of moving cells. Similarly, monolayer denudation to induce cell random walk resulted in translocation of caveolin-1 to the cell rear, suggesting that migration-induced caveolin-1 polarity was a common feature both of chemotaxis and chemokenesis. Dual immunofluorescent labelings showed that, during cell spreading, nascent focal contacts as detected either by FAK or integrin β1 staining appeared along the circular lamellipodium. In contrast, caveolin-1 was located compactly in the cell center excluded from the leading edge. When cells were migrating, focal contacts appeared now at one or sometimes two polarized lamellipodia, whereas, caveolin-1 signals appeared either at the rear of most cells or two edges of cell body. Notably, wherever caveolin-1 was polarized, there was a conspicuous absence of both dashed focal contacts and lamellipod extension. Transmission electron microscopy showed that like their marker, caveolin-1, caveolae were located at cell center during cell spreading or at the cell rear during cell migration. Importantly, loss of caveolin-1 polarity by transient over-expression of caveolin-1 prevented lamellipod extension. Taken together, our results suggest a potential role of caveolae and caveolin polarity in cell migration. Supported in part by grants from the American Heart Association and NIH RR 16440.
Measurement of Blood-Borne Tissue Factor Procoagulant Activity in Healthy Individuals and Cancer Patients Using a Novel Assay.

Tissue factor (TF) is the cellular initiator of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. Recent studies have reported circulating blood-borne TF (BBTF) antigen by methods including ELISA and flow cytometry. Whether this BBTF is active has been rarely addressed due to the lack of a simple functional assay. We have developed a new assay that measures BBTF procoagulant activity. Whole blood was collected into tubes containing citrate and corn trypsin inhibitor (FXIIa inhibitor). First, we compared the procoagulant activity obtained in detergent lyzed platelets and microparticles with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following a 5 hour ex vivo stimulation of whole blood with LPS. Platelets and microparticles had 3% (23 ± 10 mU/mL) and 0.1% (1.0 ± 0.4 mU/mL), respectively, of the procoagulant activity of PBMCs (1048 ± 200 mU/mL). The procoagulant activity of PBMCs and platelets was inhibited by >90% in the presence of an anti-TF polyclonal antibody. Next, we determined the time course of TF-dependent procoagulant activity of microparticles and platelets after ex vivo LPS stimulation of whole blood. In both cases, a dramatic increase in microparticle and platelet procoagulant activity was observed after 12 hours of LPS stimulation, with a maximum activity observed at 48 hours (48 mU/mL for microparticles and 1028 mU/mL for platelets at 48 hours). The majority (>90%) of this procoagulant activity was TF-dependent. Therefore, we subsequently analyzed combined platelet and microparticle (P+MP) fractions for BBTF activity. We determined functional BBTF activity in P+MP fractions from the blood of healthy individuals with and without LPS ex vivo stimulation. In healthy individuals, very low levels of BBTF procoagulant activity was detected in the absence of LPS stimulation (0.22 ± 0.09 mU/mL) and this activity was decreased on average by 28% with an anti-TF antibody (0.16 ± 0.1 mU/mL; p = 0.01). In contrast, P+MP from LPS stimulated blood demonstrated on average 30 fold higher procoagulant activity, of which >90% was TF-dependent. Cancer is associated with an increased susceptibility to develop pathological thrombosis. Using our new assay, we demonstrate a significant elevation of the procoagulant activity of P+MP fractions from advanced (stage IV) solid tumor patients of varying histology’s (n=14; 0.88 ± 0.55 mU/mL) compared with normal subjects ( p <0.001). Furthermore, we showed that on average 50% of the procoagulant activity was TF-dependent (procoagulant activity was reduced to 0.57 ± 0.35 mU/mL in the presence of an anti-TF antibody; p < 0.01), suggesting that circulating BBTF in cancer patients has the potential to contribute to thrombosis in vivo . In summary, we have developed a novel assay that measures BBTF activity. This assay may be useful in the detection of a pre-thrombotic state in cancer patients.
Phylogenetic relationships within and delimitation of the cosmopolitan flowering plant genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae): core stars and fallen stars.

Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae, tribe Alsineae) is a cosmopolitan genus of herbaceous plants that heretofore has lacked a stable estimate of total number of species. Here, we attempted to sample all species currently recognized under the name Stellaria to determine which belong to a core Stellaria genus versus which are masquerading under this name and are instead more closely related to one of several outgroup lineages. Phylogenetic relationships inferred with RAD loci were recovered with generally high levels of support, regardless of age of specimens (here up to 98 yr) utilized for molecular work. Analyses resolved a monophyletic, core radiation of Stellaria that is sister to Cerastium and others. Within core Stellaria, of which we sampled ca. 87% of species, we recovered five primary lineages. However, current infrageneric hypotheses are incongruous with phylogenomic data, and most morphology-based infrageneric hypotheses break down in light of these results. Outside of core Stellaria we recovered numerous other species currently ascribed to Stellaria that are in need of revised generic placement. Based on current results, however, we propose several new taxonomic and nomenclatural renovations within core Stellaria and external to this group as contribution towards stabilization of generic boundaries in Alsineae. These modifications include description of a new genus of Caryophyllaceae from eastern Asia, Nubelaria, as well description of a new genus, Rabelera, to accommodate the lineage previously and more widely known as Stellaria holostea. Nine new combinations are proposed in the genera Adenonema, Cerastium, Mesostemma, Nubelaria, Rabelera, and core Stellaria. Additionally, one new status, one new synonymy, and lectotypes for four species are proposed. We estimate core Stellaria to consist of approximately 112 species, a decrease from many other published species counts. Our results lay a robust foundation for future evolutionary, phylogenetic, and morphological comparisons within Stellaria and among relatives.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder's relation with positive and negative emotional avoidance: The moderating role of gender

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by avoidance of trauma-related emotions. Research indicates that this avoidance may extend to any emotional experience that elicits distress, including those that are unrelated to the trauma. Literature in this area has been limited in its exclusive focus on negative emotions. Despite evidence of gender differences in PTSD and emotional avoidance separately, no studies to date have examined gender as a moderator of their association. The goal of the current study was to extend research by exploring the moderating role of gender in the relation between PTSD symptom severity and positive and negative emotional avoidance. Participants were 276 trauma-exposed individuals (65.9% female, 65.6% White, Mage = 19.24) from a university in the north-eastern United States. Moderation results indicated a main effect for PTSD symptom severity on both positive (b = 0.07, p < .001) and negative (b = 0.04, p = .03) emotional avoidance. The interaction of gender and PTSD symptom severity was significant for positive emotion avoidance (b = 0.97, p = .01). Analysis of simple slopes revealed that PTSD symptom severity was significantly associated with positive emotional avoidance for males (b = 0.13, p < .001) but not females (b = 0.03, p = .08). Results suggest the importance of gender-sensitive recommendations for assessment and treatment of emotional avoidance in PTSD.
Smartphone-Based SpO2 Measurement by Exploiting Wavelengths Separation and Chromophore Compensation

Patients with respiratory diseases require frequent and accurate blood oxygen level monitoring. Existing techniques, however, either need a dedicated hardware or fail to predict low saturation levels. To fill in this gap, we propose a phone-based oxygen level estimation system, called PhO2, using camera and flashlight functions that are readily available on today’s off-the-shelf smartphones. Since the phone’s camera and flashlight were not made for this purpose, utilizing them for oxygen level estimation poses many difficulties. We introduce a cost-effective add-on together with a set of algorithms for spatial and spectral optical signal modulation to amplify the optical signal of interest while minimizing noise. A near-field-based pressure detection and feedback mechanism are also proposed to mitigate the negative impacts of user’s behavior during the measurement. We also derive a non-linear referencing model with an outlier removal technique that allows PhO2 to accurately estimate the oxygen level from color intensity ratios produced by the smartphone’s camera.An evaluation on COTS smartphone with six subjects shows that PhO2 can estimate the oxygen saturation within 3.5% error rate comparing to FDA-approved gold standard pulse oximetry. In addition, our evaluation in hospitals presents high correlation with ground-truth qualified by the 0.83/1.0 Kendall τ coefficient.
Augmented reality in intracranial meningioma surgery: report of a case and systematic review.

Introduction Augmented reality (AR) is as a useful and reliable tool in cranial surgery. We report the case of a left fronto-temporal meningioma in contact with the left Sylvian bifurcation, managed surgically with the aid of AR. We complete the picture with a systematic review of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Evidence acquisition Preoperatively, a careful segmentation of the tumor and the neighboring vessels was performed using our AR navigation software. A left fronto-temporal craniotomy was performed. Using the augmented optics technology, AR images injected into the microscope binocular during the surgery, allowed easy identification of the MCA branches and bifurcation. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. Evidence synthesis A Simpson I resection was obtained, with no new neurological deficit and an uneventful recovery after surgery. The literature review identified eight separate articles published between 1998-2019, totaling 20 meningiomas surgically managed with the use of AR. Different AR systems are described in neurosurgery, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. Augmented optics allow the surgeon to focus on the procedure. No systematic data on postoperative radiological and clinical outcome were reported. Conclusions The use of AR in meningioma surgery might help surgeons when confronted to lesions surrounded by complex structures. However, little data is available so far to support its routine use.
Ultrasonographic diagnosis of pediatric post traumatic myositis ossificans

Objective To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic value of ultrasonography in the early and mature stages of pediatric post traumatic myositis ossificans (PTMO) in children. Methods Ultrasonography findings of seven cases of PTMO children, examined by high frequency color Doppler ultrasound in Shenzhen Children's Hospital between January 2014 and May 2016, were analyzed. Results Five cases of PTMO underwent surgical resection and were diagnosed by pathology, and two cases were diagnosed by MRI and CT, respectively. In the 5 cases diagnosed by pathology, 3 cases were mature stage and 2 cases were early stage. In ultrasound, early stage PTMO (two cases) were showed as hypoechogenicity in the muscle layer with a clear margin and internal slender bar-like hyperechogenicity, without obvious calcification. Energy Doppler showed branch flow signal. In ultrasound, five cases of mature stage PTMO were showed as hypoechogenicity with internal strip calcification and sound shadow. Color Doppler flow imaging showed sparse blood flow signal. Conclusion Ultrasound can be used as the preferred imaging examination method of PTMO in children, which can provide reliable information for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PTMO. Key words: Ultrasonography; Children; Myositis ossificans
Examining the Effect of Haptic Factors for Vascular Palpation Skill Assessment Using an Affordable Simulator

Goal: Simulators that incorporate haptic feedback for clinical skills training are increasingly used in medical education. This study addresses the neglected aspect of rendering simulated feedback for vascular palpation skills training by systematically examining the effect of haptic factors on performance. Methods: A simulator-based approach to examine palpation skill is presented. Novice participants with and without minimal previous palpation training performed a palpation task on a simulator that rendered controlled vibratory feedback under various conditions. Results: Five objective metrics were employed to analyze participants’ performance that yielded key findings in quantifying palpation performance. Participants’ palpation accuracy was influenced by all three haptic factors, ranging from moderate to statistically significant. Duration , Total Path Length and Ratio of Correct Movement also demonstrated utility for quantifying performance. Conclusions: We demonstrate that our affordable simulator is capable of rendering controlled haptic feedback suitable for skills training. Further, metrics presented in this study can be used for structured palpation skills assessment and training, potentially improving healthcare delivery.
Off-Pump Minithoracotomy Versus Sternotomy for Left Anterior Descending Myocardial Bridge Unroofing.

Background Myocardial bridge (MB) of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occurs in approximately 25% of the population. When medical therapy fails in patients with a symptomatic, hemodynamically significant MB, MB unroofing represents the optimal surgical management. Here, we evaluated minimally invasive MB unroofing in selected patients compared with sternotomy. Methods MB unroofing was performed in 141 adult patients by sternotomy on-pump (ST-on, n = 40), sternotomy off-pump (ST-off, n = 62), or minithoracotomy off-pump (MT, n = 39). Angina symptoms were assessed preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire. Matching included all MT patients and 31 ST-off patients with similar MB characteristics, no previous cardiac operations or coronary interventions, and no concomitant procedures. Results MT patients tended to have a shorter MB length than ST-on and ST-off patients (2.57 vs 2.93 vs 3.09 cm, P = .166). ST-on patients had a longer hospital stay than ST-off and MT patients (5.0 vs 4.0 vs 3.0 days, P Conclusions We report our single-center experience of off-pump minimally invasive MB unroofing, which may be safely performed in carefully selected patients, yielding dramatic improvements in angina symptoms at 6 months after the operation.
Local Optimization of Nonconvex Mixed-Integer Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming Problems

This paper develops a heuristic relaxation and iterative search combined algorithm to search for a local optimum of the nonconvex mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic programming (MIQCQP) problem. Inspired by the branch and bound method, a heuristic relaxation approach is proposed to relax a MIQCQP problem as a mixed-binary QCQP problem that can be equivalently converted into a continuous/general QCQP. Next, to efficiently solve a general QCQP, an iterative optimization algorithm combined with an intersection cutting plane method is developed, where each iteration is formulated as a second-order cone programming problem. The proposed algorithm will guarantee global convergence to a local optimum of the original MIQCQP problem. Numerical examples are provided and compared to the state-of-the-art method to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Cardiovascular toxicities associated with ibrutinib in elderly patients.

e15061Background: Ibrutinib is as a first line treatment option for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia. It is also FDA approved as a subsequ...
Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Soft Exoskeleton for Pediatric Rehabilitation

Exoskeletons have the potential to improve outcomes for rehabilitation clients. For these devices to be effective, rehabilitation professionals and end users must be involved throughout the design process, so the devices meet the broad needs of users. In this article, we present a model to guide the design of rehabilitation devices. This model is user-centered and focuses on users’ functional, expressive, aesthetic, and accessibility needs (FEA2) for devices. We then summarize the results of the first studies evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of the Playskin Lift™ soft exoskeleton for pediatric populations utilized for intervention in the natural environment. The exoskeleton was feasible for daily use by families in the natural environment. For infants and toddlers with physical disabilities, the exoskeleton assisted reaching and play performance within a single session when it was worn and improved independent reaching function and play activity after months of daily intervention with the exoskeleton.
New perspectives in political ethnography

From Confusion to Common Sense: Using Political Ethnography to Understand Social Mobilization in the Brazilian Northeast.- Losing Face in Philippine Labor Confrontations: How Shame May Inhibit Worker Activism.- Radical Outcasts Versus Three Kinds of Police: Constructing Limits in Japanese Anti-Emperor Protests.- Honor and Morality in Contemporary Rural India.- Routing Conflict: Organized Violence and Clientelism in Rio de Janeiro.- Vicious Virtuous Circles: Barriers to Institution-Building after War.- Are National Politics Local? Social Movement Responses to the 2004 US Presidential Election.- Professional Performances on a Well-Constructed Stage: The Case of an Institutionalized Advocacy Organization.- Field Research During War: Ethical Dilemmas.- Politics as a Vocation: Notes Toward a Sensualist Understanding of Political Engagement.- Afterword: Political Ethnography as Art and Science.
Kenneth Katzner, The Languages of the World; Heinz Kloss and Grant D. McConnell, eds., The Written Languages of the World, Vol. I; and Linguistic Composition of the Nations of the World, Vol. 2; C. F. and F. M. Voegelin, Classification and Index of the World's Languages

(1979). Kenneth Katzner, The Languages of the World; Heinz Kloss and Grant D. McConnell, eds., The Written Languages of the World, Vol. I; and Linguistic Composition of the Nations of the World, Vol. 2; C. F. and F. M. Voegelin, Classification and Index of the World's Languages. WORD: Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 294-301.
Suppression of Pool Fires Using Halocarbon Streaming Agents

Handheld FM-200, FE-36, CF3I and Halotron I extinguishers with 2B:C, 5B:C and 10B:C ratings (or equivalent) were tested for extinguishing Class B heptane pool fires in small and large enclosures (45, 120 and 21000 m3). Test results showed that the Halotron I and CF3I extinguishers performed better than the FE-36 and FM-200 extinguishers. The concentrations of the halocarbons and acid gas by-products in the operator breathing zone and surroundings were measured during the tests. Measurements showed that the agent concentrations were below the levels that would pose life or health risk to the operator. The concentrations of acid gas by-products generated during suppression, however, were at dangerous levels in the small enclosures (45 and 120 m3). Heat flux towards the operator was also measured. Heat exposure presented a severe hazard to the operator during the pool fire suppression. Test results indicate some potentially hazardous conditions to an unprotected operator.
Software Design, Specification, and Verification: Lessons Learned from the Rether Case Study

Rether is a software-based real-time ethernet protocol developed at SUNY Stony Brook. The purpose of this protocol is to provide guaranteed bandwidth and deterministic, periodic network access to multimedia applications over commodity ethernet hardware. It has been implemented in the PreeBSD 2.1.0 operating system, and is now being used to support the Stony Brook Video Server (SBVS), a low-cost, ethernet LAN-based server providing real-time delivery of video to end-users from the server's disk subsystem.
Employee ownership and worker participation: Effects on health and safety

Abstract I exam empirically the effects of employee ownership and worker participation on health and safety in firms. Employee ownership and participation are found to significantly affect health and safety incidence at the firm level.
The Treatment of Alcohol Dependency Among Latinas

SUMMARY This paper explores the meaning of culturally competent and gender-specific programming for Latinas, and addresses the impact of culture and gender on alcohol problems. In addition, it lays out a rationale for the development of a theoretical framework for the treatment of alcohol abuse and dependency among Latinas based on feminist, cultural, and community perspectives.
A meta-analysis of the efficacy of nonphysician brief interventions for unhealthy alcohol use: implications for the patient-centered medical home

Brief physician interventions can reduce alcohol consumption. Physicians may not have the time to provide brief interventions, and it is unclear whether nonphysicians can do so effectively. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of brief interventions by nonphysician clinicians for unhealthy alcohol use. We searched the English-language literature in MEDLINE and other databases covering the domains of alcohol problems, primary care, nonphysician, and brief interventions. Studies of brief interventions delivered at least in part by nonphysicians in primary care and examining drinking outcomes were included. Sensitivity analyses examined the effect of excluding studies that contributed disproportionately to the heterogeneity of results. Thirteen studies, conducted 1996-2008, met our criteria. Seven studies with a total of 2,633 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Nonphysician interventions were associated with 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]=-.03 to -3.5) fewer standard drinks per week than control conditions (p = .054). Excluding the one study that increased heterogeneity, the effect was smaller but reached statistical significance; nonphysician counseling was associated with 1.4 (95% CI = .3- 2.4) fewer standard drinks per week compared to control (p = .012). Nonphysician brief interventions are modestly effective at reducing drinking in primary care patients with unhealthy alcohol use. (Am J Addict 2011;00:1-14). Language: en
COBE looks back to the Big Bang

An overview is presented of NASA-Goddard's Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), the first NASA satellite designed to observe the primeval explosion of the universe. The spacecraft carries three extremely sensitive IR and microwave instruments designed to measure the faint residual radiation from the Big Bang and to search for the formation of the first galaxies. COBE's far IR absolute spectrophotometer has shown that the Big Bang radiation has a blackbody spectrum, proving that there was no large energy release after the explosion.
Decoherence suppression by quantum measurement reversal

We show that qubit decoherence due to zero-temperature energy relaxation can be almost completely suppressed by using the quantum uncollapsing (measurement reversal) procedure. To protect a qubit state, a partial quantum measurement moves it toward the ground state, where it is kept during the storage period, while the second partial measurement restores the initial state. This procedure preferentially selects the cases without energy decay events. Stronger decoherence suppression requires smaller selection probability; a desired point in this trade-off can be chosen by varying the measurement strength. The experiment can be realized in a straightforward way using the superconducting phase qubit.
Intensive care unit delirium is an independent predictor of longer hospital stay: a prospective analysis of 261 non-ventilated patients

Introduction Delirium occurs in most ventilated patients and is independently associated with more deaths, longer stay, and higher cost. Guidelines recommend monitoring of delirium in all intensive care unit (ICU) patients, though few data exist in non-ventilated patients. The study objective was to determine the relationship between delirium and outcomes among non-ventilated ICU patients.