cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Prognosis after colonic resection for Crohn's disease of the colon.

The case records and histologic sections of 115 consecutive patients undergoing colectomy for inflammatory disease of the colon from 1957 to 1959 were reviewed. Classification by clinical and histologic criteria revealed 59 with ulcerative colitis, 44 with Crohn’s disease of the colon, and 12 with indeterminate colitis. Of the 44 patients with Crohn’s disease, 33 had ileostomy and proctocolectomy as the initial or subsequent operative procedure. Recurrent Crohn’s disease in the ileum developed in only 1 patient (3%) during the prolonged follow-up period. Care must be taken to differentiate recurrent Crohn’s disease from ileal stomatitis. The prognosis of Crohn’s disease of the colon after ileostomy and proctocolectomy is very good, and recurrence is unusual if all disease is resected at the time of operation.
Gender differences in cardiovascular outcomes.

This review focuses on identifiable differences in prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the two genders. The specific task is to determine whether the differences identified are justifiable, as well as whether they can be altered over time. Since cardiovascular diseases kill more American woman than all other diseases combined, and since a great part of the health care budget is spent in this area, the review is highly pertinent in today's environment of cost containment in medicine. The Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association, in its 1991 report, stated that the medical community cannot tolerate any discrepancy in the provision of care that is not based on appropriate biological or medical indications. This review will, thus, attempt to determine which of the gender differences in cardiovascular outcomes can no longer be countenanced.
TH-AB-202-09: Direct-Aperture Optimization for Combined MV+kV Dose Planning in Fluoroscopic Real-Time Tumor-Tracking Radiation Therapy

Purpose: Real-time kV fluoroscopic tumor tracking has the benefit of direct tumor position monitoring. However, there is clinical concern over the excess kV imaging dose cost to the patient when imaging in continuous fluoroscopic mode. This work addresses this specific issue by proposing a combined MV+kV direct-aperture optimization (DAO) approach to integrate the kV imaging beam into a treatment planning such that the kV radiation is considered as a contributor to the overall dose delivery. Methods: The combined MV+kV DAO approach includes three algorithms. First, a projected Quasi-Newton algorithm (L-BFGS) is used to find optimized fluence with MV+kV dose for the best possible dose distribution. Then, Engel's algorithm is applied to optimize the total number of monitor units and heuristically optimize the number of apertures. Finally, an aperture shape optimization (ASO) algorithm is applied to locally optimize the leaf positions of MLC. Results: Compared to conventional DAO MV plans with continuous kV fluoroscopic tracking, combined MV+kV DAO plan leads to a reduction in the total number of MV monitor units due to inclusion of kV dose as part of the PTV, and was also found to reduce the mean and maximum doses on the organs at risk (OAR). Compared to conventional DAO MV plan without kV tracking, the OAR dose in the combined MV+kV DAO plan was only slightly higher. DVH curves show that combined MV+kV DAO plan provided about the same PTV coverage as that in the conventional DAO plans without kV imaging. Conclusion: We report a combined MV+kV DAO approach that allows real time kV imager tumor tracking with only a trivial increasing on the OAR doses while providing the same coverage to PTV. The approach is suitable for clinic implementation.
Abstract 298: Incidence, Treatment and Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock in STEMI and NSTEMI: Results from the NCDR®

Objectives: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a deadly complication of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to characterize the contemporary incidence, treatment, and outcomes of CS in ST and non-ST elevation (STEMI and NSTEMI) classification. Methods: We examined 235,541 patients treated at 392 ACTION Registry®-GWTG™ hospitals from 2007- 2011. CS was defined as sustained systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg or cardiac index (CI) <2.2 L/min/m2 secondary to cardiac dysfunction or use of vasopressor or inotropic agents or mechanical support that occurred on admission or that developed during the hospital stay. Results: CS occurred in 12.2% (11,406 patients; 47.4% at presentation, 52.6% in-hospital) of STEMI vs 4.3% (6,130; 34.3% at presentation, 65.7% in-hospital) of NSTEMI patients. STEMI patients with CS were more likely to undergo PCI vs NSTEMI patients with CS (84.2% vs 35.4%, p<0.0001). CABG was uncommon among STEMI or NSTEMI CS patients (11.6% vs 21.2%, p<0.0001)). STEMI patients with CS had significantly lower mortality than NSTEMI patients with CS (33.1% vs. 40.8%, p<0.0001). In both STEMI and NSTEMI groups, the subsequent development of CS was associated with significantly higher mortality than CS on admission (35.1% vs 30.9%, p <0.0001 and 42.9% vs 36.8% p <0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: In the contemporary era, after ACCF/AHA Class IA guidelines endorsing early revascularization for STEMI related CS, most STEMI patients with CS undergo revascularization, and death is significantly lower in comparison to earlier pre-guideline data. However, compared to STEMI CS, a majority of NSTEMI CS patients do not undergo revascularization, and death rates are significantly higher. In-hospital development of CS carries a higher mortality rate in both MI subtypes compared to CS on admission. ![Graphic][1] [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif
Low- and high-quality forage utilization by heifers and mature beef cows.

Eight cows (7 to 9 yr old, 522 kg) and six heifers (10 mo old, 169 kg) were fed either alfalfa hay (18.7% CP) or mature brome hay (5.1% CP) to determine the effect of cattle age on apparent forage utilization. Cattle were fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas and were individually fed once daily (ad libitum intake, 1000). The split-plot design consisted of age (whole-plot) and two sampling periods feeding alfalfa or brome hay (subplot). Each period consisted of 28 d: d 1 to 13 for adaptation, d 13 to 20 for feed intake determination, and d 20 to 28 for sampling. Nylon bags containing NDF substrate from alfalfa or brome hay were incubated ruminally for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, and 192 h to determine the rate and extent of fiber degradation. Ruminal liquid dilution rate and fermentation characteristics were conducted on d 27. Ruminal fill was determined by total evacuation at 0800 on d 28. Cows consumed more feed (BW .75 ; P .21). These data indicate that mature cows have a smaller ruminal fluid fill that turns over more rapidly, and this may be responsible for a faster rate of ruminal fiber degradation in cows than in young heifers.
The effects of replacing the water model while decoupling water-water and water-solute interactions on computed properties of simple salts

The effects of decoupling the water-water and water-solute interactions are studied with selected mono-valent ions as the solute. Using the ion-water cross terms developed for the BLYPSP-4F water model, we replaced the water potential with WAIL, TIP4P, and TIP3P without changing the ion-water parameters. When the adaptive force matching (AFM) derived BLYPSP-4F model is replaced by the other AFM derived WAIL model, the difference in ion properties, such as hydration free energies, radial distribution functions, relative diffusion constants, is negligible, demonstrating the feasibility for combining AFM parameters from different sources. Interestingly, when the AFM-derived ion-water cross-terms are used with a non-AFM based water model, only small changes in the ion properties are observed. The final combined models with TIP3P or TIP4P water reproduce the salt hydration free energies within 6% of experiments. The feasibility of combining AFM models with other non-AFM models is of significance since such combinations allow more complex systems to be studied without specific parameterization. In addition, the study suggests an interesting prospect of reusing the cross-terms when a part of a general force field is replaced with a different model. The prevailing practice, which is to re-derive all cross-terms with combining rules, may not have been optimal.
Biracial Palimpsests: Racing and Erasure in Black Empire and Haiti

Two of the most popular plays on the Haitian Revolution, drawing over 100,000 audience members between them, were Federal Theatre Project (FTP) productions about Henri Christophe: Black Empire (1932) by Christine Ames and Clark Painter and Haiti (1938) by New York Times journalist, William DuBois. The Los Angeles Negro Unit produced Black Empire in 1936 and the Seattle Negro Unit staged a smaller version in 1938. That same year, the Harlem Negro Unit opened Haiti at the Lafayette. Over several months, Haiti also ran at Daly’s in New York, in Boston (with the New York cast), and at the Avery Memorial where the Hartford Negro Unit staged it. Of all the plays on the theme of the Revolution, only Haiti staged any of the anti-white violence for which the historical event is typically emblematic.
An Open Distal Radius Fracture Inflicted by a Bear Mauling: A Case Report and Literature Review

Contact with bears has become more frequent, as have the resultant maulings. Herrero et al.1 showed a positive linear relationship between the number of fatal bear attacks per decade and human population size in the United States and Canada per decade. Studies on human injury as a result of bear maulings are few, and orthopaedic management of open fractures caused by such attacks is rarely reported. It is known that infection is the most common and devastating complication of open fractures, and this complication rate is increased even more with an animal attack because of the potential for microbial contamination from claws, teeth, and the environment2. It is well documented that injuries from large attacking animals may lead to deep infection as a result of substantial soft-tissue wounds that are contaminated with a variety of pathogens3. To complicate matters, many animal attacks occur in remote wilderness areas, and there are substantial delays in notification, rescue, and presentation to definitive care treatment centers4. We present a patient who sustained an open fracture of the distal part of the radius as a result of a black bear (Ursus americanus) mauling. We also review the literature on orthopaedic injuries associated with bear maulings. We followed a standard protocol for the management of open fractures with this patient, which eventually led to a good result. The patient was informed that data concerning the case would be submitted for publication, and he provided consent. A fifty-four-year-old man presented to the trauma center following an attack by a large black bear while hunting. The initial attack occurred approximately sixty to ninety minutes prior …
An expert system for diagnosis of digital relay operation

This paper presents an expert system which performs detailed diagnosis of digital relay operation by analyzing data contained in relay files and reports. Problem domain is discussed first. Then the analysis strategy is detailed: forward chaining reasoning, logic reasoning and backward chaining reasoning are employed to predict protection operation, identify unexpected protection operation and diagnose symptoms respectively. The implementation of knowledge representation by CLIPS rules is further described. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the capability of the expert system
Rates of exponential increase of serum estradiol concentrations in normal and human menopausal gonadotropin-induced cycles

Serum unconjugated estradiol concentrations were measured daily in patients who ovulated spontaneously and in patients whose ovulations were induced with human menopausal gonadotropins. When the logarithm of the estradiol concentration was plotted against time (semi-log plot) for each patient, the plots were essentially linear, and the rates of estradiol production were similar during spontaneous and induced cycles. Based on two or three estradiol determinations, subsequent estradiol concentrations can be determined as long as the established rates of estradiol production falls within reasonable confidence limits. The slope of serum unconjugated estradiol concentrations of a patient known to have a multiple gestation due to multiple ovulations did not differ significantly from the slopes of estradiol concentrations with single pregnancies, suggesting that the follicular phase estradiol concentrations do not reflect the number of dominant follicles.
THE EFFECT OF THE TEAT DIP “BOVADINE” ON SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF STAPHYLOCOCCI ISOLATED FROM THE BOVINE UDDER1

The effect of “Bovadine,” a post milking teat dip, on characteristics associated with staphylococci isolated from cows was determined. Comparisons were made between various characteristics of isolates obtained from foremilk samples from teats treated with Bovadine and those obtained from untreated teats. A significantly (P<.05) greater number of isolates obtained from untreated teats produced coagulase, lysozyme, and phosphatase than did isolates from Bovadine treated teats. In contrast, more isolates from treated teats produced gelatinase and protease and utilized glucose and mannitol anaerobically than did those from untreated teats. These results suggest that Bovadine, when used as teat dip, may alter some of the characteristics used to identify staphylococci.
Think Global, Act Local: How underground hip-hop gets down down Under:

This article explicitly focuses upon the relationship Aboriginal Australia has with hip-hop culture.Hip-hop has become not only a tool for larger identity formation for Aboriginal Australians, but also a way to preserve traditional styles that historically wilt from outside mainstream influences. After conducting a brief analysis of historical, political, and cultural similarities and differences between the African American and Aboriginal Australian experience, four mini-profiles of Aboriginal Australian hip-hop artists help explore what American and Canadian cultural critic and scholar Henry Giroux (1999) terms “public pedagogy” for direct political action and influence among those marginalized from mainstream culture. The article concludes after teasing out the tension of how hip-hop asserts itself as a liberating force when created and communicated within constrained political environs that potentially dictate its true force and impact.
Tension pneumomediastnum: A rare cause of acute intraoperative circulatory collapse in the setting of unremarkable TEE findings

Abstract Design Case report. Setting Operating room. Patient 25YF, ASA IV E who underwent an emergent decompressive craniectomy for refractory intracranial hypertension secondary to acute intracranial hemorhage. Interventions A 25Y caucasian female presented with acute intracranial hemorrhage with intraventricular extension secondary to Moya Moya disease. Post admisison, she underwent an emergent decompressive craniectomy for medically refractory intracranial hypertension. Introperatively (post dural closure and bone flap removal) the patient developed acutely worsening peak and plateau pressures followed by pulseless electrical activity necessitating CPR with epinephrine and Vasopressin before return of circulation before return of circulation. Intraoperative TEE done during return of circulation, was essentially non diagnostic, the patient had normal breath sounds throughout, and non-contributory bronchoscopy findings. Measurements EKG, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, resp. rate, introperative tranesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), Pulse oximetry, serial arterial blood gases, introperative bronchoscopy, ventilatory peak pressures. Main results A post operative chest CT revealed extensive pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema. The focussed introperative echocardiogram showed preserved left ventricular function and no evidence of tamponade physiology. Conclusions Tension pneumomediastinum was the likely etiologic factor for the acute hemodynamic collapse and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraoperative circulatory arrest.
GDAP1 Regulation by Oxidative Stress

GDAP1 or Ganglioside Induced Differentiation Associated Protein 1 is a poorly understood protein involved in mitochondrial function and several subtypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Its function is presently unclear, although a role in mitochondrial fragmentation of redox regulation has been discussed. GDAP1 expression was originally proposed to respond to ganglioside GM3 buildup. Our data show that similar to its relatives glutathione S-transferases (GST) GDAP1 transcription is activated by oxidative stress in a manner involving transcription factor Nrf2. Acute GDAP loss increases the sensitivity of cells to oxidative stress induced by ethanol and exogenous lipids. These data support the idea that GDAP1 is a component of cytoprotective machinery actively responding to and regulating oxidative stress.
Life in the “Gray Zone”: observations for contemporary strategists

ABSTRACTThe term “Gray Zone” is gaining in popularity as a way of describing contemporary security challenges. This article describes the “short-of-war” strategies – the fait accompli, proxy warfare, and the exploitation of ambiguous deterrence situations, i.e. “salami tactics” – that are captured by the term and offers several explanations for why state and non-state actors are drawn to these strategies. The analysis highlights why defense postures based on deterrence are especially vulnerable to the short-of-war strategies that populate the “Gray Zone.” The article concludes by suggesting how defense officials might adapt defense policies to life in the “Gray Zone.”
Kenneth Burke and the Problem of Sonic Identification

As music reviewer for The Nation in 1934, Kenneth Burke attended the New York premiere of Paul Hindemith’s Mathis der Maler, a symphony that Burke felt had the dangerous potential to merge Nazi ideology with other dissenting German voices. Through this review and his introduction of the theoretical term “identification” in Attitudes Toward History, Burke joins a growing body of sonic rhetorics scholarship that investigates the semiotics of sound. Burke’s attention to sonic identifications reveals the fragile nature of sound, meaning, and division.
Urinary-cutaneous Fistulae Following Conservative Management of Extraperitoneal Bladder Ruptures.

Objective To evaluate our experience with urinary-cutaneous fistulae (UCFs) in patients following conservative management of extraperitoneal bladder ruptures (EBRs) caused by blunt trauma. Materials and Methods Patients with blunt–trauma related EBR who underwent primary management with urethral catheter drainage alone from 2000 to 2015 were identified in our institutional trauma registry. The demographics, the hospital courses, and the outcomes of patients who developed UCF were analyzed. Results A total of 96 patients with EBR were identified, of which 56 (58%) were managed with urethral catheter drainage. 10 patients (18%) developed major urologic complications including urosepsis (2), infected pelvic hardware (1), persistent extravasation without cutaneous fistulization (1), and UCF formation (6). Of the patients with UCF, the median time to diagnosis of EBR was 1.5 days (range 0-12), whereas the median time to diagnosis of UCF was 11 days (range 3-31). Two patients developed UCF to the perineum, whereas 4 developed UCF to the thigh. Four (66.7%) underwent nonurologic operations without cystorrhaphy before the development of UCF. One patient died without a resolution of her fistula. The remaining 5 patients all required operative repair, with a median time to repair from diagnosis of 21 days (range 2-106). The median time to resolution from diagnosis was 64 days (range 35-155). Conclusion UCFs are an under-reported but morbid complication of the nonoperative management of EBR. Although rare, UCF in this setting should prompt surgical intervention given the potential for prolonged convalescence and a low probability of spontaneous resolution.
A matter of life and death

Terri Schiavo died at 9:05 on the morning of March 31, 2005. That's what her death certificate says. Thirteen days previously, at the request of her husband, Michael Schiavo, who said he was carrying out her wishes, her doctors removed the feeding tube that was keeping her alive. Without food or water, she eventually succumbed to heart failure at age 41. The death certificate doesn't come close to telling the real story of her death, however. Some people, including her parents, siblings, and a number of religious and political figures, would probably claim that, on that morning, Terri Schiavo was murdered, either by her husband or her doctors or both. Others think she should have been allowed to die at least seven years earlier, when her husband first requested it. And then there are those like me, who believe that on the morning of March 31, 2005, Terri Schiavo had already been dead for fifteen years.
Criminal Thinking Among Men Beginning a Batterer Intervention Program: The Relevance of Military Background

ABSTRACTRecent studies indicate domestic violence rates in military families have increased dramatically in the last decade, raising concerns among academics and service providers alike. Using survey data from a Batterer Intervention Program (BIP) offered in several counties of the Midwest, we conducted a multivariate comparison of veteran and non-veteran offenders convicted of domestic battery and court-mandated to attend the BIP. We analyzed intake data to address the following research question: Does military background affect a BIP client’s criminal thinking patterns? More specifically, does criminal thinking differ between the two groups? We utilized the Criminal Thinking Scale (CTS) (Knight, Garner, Simpson, Morey, & Flynn, 2006) to examine whether veteran and civilian domestic violence offenders varied on the subscales of justification, power orientation, cold heartedness, criminal rationalization, personal irresponsibility, and entitlement. While descriptive analyses did not indicate statistical s...
"Implicit Leadership Theories: Contents, Stability, and outcomes"

Implicit leadership theories have received increasing attention in the leadership and followership literature since the concept was introduced by Eden and Leviatan (1975). Research into implicit le...
Evaluating the risks and benefits of participation in high-school football.

It is unclear whether the decreased risk of injury associated with prohibiting a teenage boy from playing football outweighs the benefits to his health and well-being of allowing him to participate.
A Systematic Review of the Psychological, Social, and Educational Outcomes Associated with Participation in Wildland Recreational Activities.

Participation in wildland recreation is associated with a range of individual-level outcomes. Although these outcomes have been extensively studied, few studies have systematically examined and summarized this empirical evidence. Therefore, the goals of this study include identifying (1) the breadth of individual-level outcomes associated with wildland recreation, (2) the setting and programmatic attributes that research suggests are driving these outcomes, and (3) the gaps in the peer-reviewed literature regarding the outcomes associated with wildland recreation. We systematically examined 235 articles published between 2000 and 2016 that evaluated the psychological, social, and educational outcomes associated with participation in wildland recreation. We identified 11 broad categories, the most common related to personal development (59%), pro-social behaviors (52%), mental restoration (42%), and environmental stewardship (36%). Results highlight gaps in our knowledge regarding outcomes and their potential causes. We conclude by discussing trends and implications for managers and future research. Subscribe to JOREL
A new species and new records of Engytatus from the Hawaiian Islands (Heteroptera, Miridae).

Engytatushenryisp. n. is described from the Waianae Mountains of Oahu. This new species feeds on Abutilonsandwicense (Malvaceae), an endangered understory plant in mesic forests. A dorsal habitus photograph and line drawings of key male genitalic structures are provided for E.henryi, accompanied by a photograph of the host plant. Cyrtopeltiskahakai Asquith is given a new generic assignment as Engytatuskahakai (Asquith) new combination, and additional locality and host-plant records are provided for four other Hawaiian endemic Engytatus species.
INCIDENCE OF HEPARIN-INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY-IMPLANTED MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT DEVICES

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices provide hemodynamic support in patients with cardiogenic shock or end-stage heart failure. Heparin exposure and device related thrombocytopenia complicate the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and may lead to unnecessary treatment with
Medical Student Involvement and Learning Objectives in Morbidity and Mortality Conferences: A National Survey of the Association for Surgical Education's Committee of Clerkship Directors.

Background Despite implementation of Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) Conference across surgical graduate medical education, sparse literature exists regarding the attendance and involvement of medical students. We sought to examine student involvement and learning objectives for M&M on a national level. Methods A survey was distributed through the Association for Surgical Education Committee of Clerkship Directors. Questions examined demographics, teaching practices regarding M&M, and student learning objectives. Results Forty-eight responses were collected reflecting practices of weekly M&M (96%) and required student attendance (93%). Students are observers in 61% of M&Ms, observer with questions in 37%, and presenter at 2%. Learning objectives for M&M highlighted exposing students to conference style (76%), reflective learning (63%), and highlighting medical error (78%). Conclusions It is the national standard for medical students to attend weekly M&M. Student learning objectives reflect desires to improve exposure to this style of teaching conference and understanding the gravity of medical error.
An Implementation Science Approach to Handoff Redesign in a Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit

Background The ability of handoff redesign to improve short-term outcomes is well established, yet an effective approach for achieving widespread adoption is unknown. An implementation science–based approach capable of influencing the leading indicators of widespread adoption was used to redesign handoffs from the cardiac operating room to the intensive care unit. Methods A transdisciplinary, unit-based team used a 12-step implementation process. The steps were divided into 4 phases: planning, engaging, executing, and evaluating. Based on unit-determined best practices, a “handoff bundle” was designed. This included team training, structured education with video illustration, and cognitive aids. Fidelity and acceptability were measured before, during, and after the handoff bundle was deployed. Results Redesign and implementation of the handoff process occurred over 12 months. Multiple rapid-cycle process improvements led to reductions in the handoff duration from 12.6 minutes to 10.7 minutes (P Conclusions The use of an implementation-based approach for handoff redesign can be effective for improving the leading indicators of successful adoption of a structured handoff process. Future quality improvement studies addressing sustainability and widespread adoption of this approach appear to be warranted, and should include the relationships to improved care coordination and reduced preventable medical errors.
IMPACT OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF LEUKEMIA ON IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS ADMITTED FOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN THE US

Hematologic malignancies are associated to increased risk of thromboembolic events, including myocardial infarction (MI). However, the characteristics and outcomes of those patients are less known. This is a retrospective cohort study in which we used the 2016 National Inpatient Sample database. We
Synthesis of Group 4 Complexes that Contain the Diamidoamine Ligands, [(2,4,6-Me3C6H2NCH2CH2)2NR]2- ([Mes2N2NR]2-; R = H or CH3), and Polymerization of 1-Hexene by Activated [Mes2N2NR]ZrMe2 Complexes

Several types of diamido/donor ligands have been synthesized in the last several years and attached to group 4 metal complexes, often with the intent of preparing new group 4 olefin polymerization catalysts. The authors have been interested in zirconium complexes that contain diamido/ether ligands ([(t-BuN-o-C{sub 6}H{sub 4}){sub 2}O]{sup 2{minus}} or [(ArylNCH{sub 2}CH{sub 2}){sub 2}O]{sup 2{minus}}) as catalysts for the polymerization of {alpha} olefins, especially since in the first case the polymerization of up to 500 equiv of 1-hexene has been found to take place in a living manner at 0 C via, 1,2-insertion of the olefin into the cationic alkyl complex. The authors became interested in diamido/donor ligands in which the central donor cannot readily attain a planar geometry. This report describes zirconium complexes that contain the [(2,4,6-Me{sub 3}C{sub 6}H{sub 2}NCH{sub 2}CH{sub 2}){sub 2}NR]{sup 1{minus}} and [Mes{sub 2}N{sub 2}NH]-HfMe{sub 2} complexes, and the activation of zirconium dimethyl complexes for the polymerization of 1-hexene at temperatures up to 30 C.
Adjuvant chemotherapy following SBRT for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in older patients.

Abstract Adjuvant chemotherapy improves overall survival (OS) following stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer and tumors ≥four cm. Here, we aim to evaluate its role following SBRT in older patients. Patients >70 years diagnosed with clinical stages I-II NSCLC, (N0 disease), who received SBRT, were identified using the National Cancer Database (n = 7042). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate OS, and the log-rank test was used to compare distributions by treatment strategy overall and within clinical stages I and II. There were 3533 female patients (50.2%), and 6074 (86.3%) had stage I disease. Among stage I patients, 643 (10.6%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, compared to 372 stage II patients (38.4%). Median OS was better with SBRT in patients with stage I disease (25.4 vs. 20.3 months; p 70 years old patients with tumors ≥4 cm, adjuvant chemotherapy following SBRT was associated with improved OS.
Abstract TP217: Association Between Thrombophilia and Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease in Young Adults With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Introduction: Thrombophilias are a known cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the young. We hypothesized that thrombophilias would be associated with an increased burden of chronic cerebrovascul...
HORMONAL CONTROL OF THE NGF CONTENT IN THE SUBMAXILLARY GLANDS OF MICE.

ABSTRACT We reported in previous publications that the mouse submaxillary salivary glands contain a Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) which specifically enhances the growth and differentiative processes of embryonic and some mature nerve cells of most vertebrates, man included. The NGF was identified as a protein localized in the tubular portion of the glands. Since it was found in higher concentration in the mature male than in the mature female gland, we suggested that the production or the accumulation and storage of this protein in the salivary glands is under control of the male hormone. The sexual dimorphism of the submaxillary glands was investigated by fractionating the soluble proteins of gland extracts on a DEAE column. Marked differences were found between the male and the female chromatographic patterns. Both the NGF and the protease activity of the salivary glands are present at lower concentration in the female than in the male gland, and both increase sharply in the female gland upon testosterone treatment. Further evidence for the localization of the NGF in the tubular component of the gland is presented. The concentration of the NGF is shown to be higher in the venous than in the arterial blood vessels of the gland and a role played by the gland in maintaining the blood level of the NGF is thereby demonstrated. The work described in this paper was supported by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness, Public Health Service (NB-01602–06), and the National Science Foundation (G-13946).
The Roots of Right-Wing Populism: Donald Trump in 2016

Using survey data from the American National Election Study (ANES) and aggregate data on Congressional districts, this article assesses the roles that economic and social factors played in Donald J...
Needle Tip Manipulation and Control of a 3D Steerable SMA-Activated Flexible Needle

Percutaneous interventions for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes such as thermal ablation, biopsy, and brachytherapy demand precise navigation of surgical needles in soft tissue towards the target. Active needle steering enhances navigation and increases target placement accuracy, and consequently improves clinical outcomes. In this work, a 3D steerable active flexible needle with multiple Shape Memory Alloy (SMA)-wire actuators is introduced. A resistive-based feedback loop control system was designed and tested to control the SMA’s actuation. The needle tip position was controlled through feedback loop measurements of the electrical resistance of the SMA-wire actuators. Self-sensing capabilities of SMAs were used in the control system to realize a 3D manipulation at the needle tip. The control system performance and accuracy of the control algorithm in manipulating the 3D steerable active needle via precision control of the SMA-wire actuators was tested in reference path tracking of the needle tip.
A Shocking Case of Far-Field Atrial Oversensing in Giant-Cell Myocarditis.

Abstract We report a unique case of delivery of inappropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies related to a “perfect storm”: presence of an integrated lead, insufficient lead slack ...
EMPAware: Analyzing Changes in User Perceptions of Mobile Privacy on iOS with Enhanced Awareness

Smartphones contain intimate details of users that are inferred from collected data or explicitly stored on the device. These details include daily travel patterns including most frequently visited locations, private photos, addresses and birthdays of their contacts, and more. Consumers have a general awareness that services they use without a financial payment are paid for in part by advertisements. Additionally, they have a general awareness that these services collect detailed information while they use the service. In iOS, applications must provide a detailed description in how they will use data that requires permission from the user. However, the provided description often only tells part of the story. Behind the scenes, consumers are unable to see how applications share information or which part of data the application utilizes. Additionally, consumers are unable to see how often applications communicate with advertisement services and if they share data gathered through permissions from the application. In this paper we created EMPAware, a system that provides users an enhanced awareness in how applications use their data. Users are able to view in real-time through a web portal how applications use their data and how they communicate with advertisement servers. Using EMPAware, we performed a study measuring the impact that an enhanced awareness has on the perception of mobile privacy with 32 participants. From this study, users became more concerned with privacy where 79% believe applications misuse data and 89% believe they have little control of their data. EMPAware demonstrates that when users have a better understanding in how applications use their data, they become more concerned with the privacy.
The Defects of the Dollar-Centered Global Financial System

This chapter analyzes the various costs for other countries and the risks to global financial stability associated with the current dollar-dominated international financial system. Discussion focuses initially on the volatility of international capital flows that can be identified with the global financial cycle and private traders’ responses to changes in Federal Reserve policy. The chapter also considers the costs for emerging market economies of accumulating US government debt securities (“safe” assets) as a self-defense mechanism against capital flow volatility because of defects in the Global Financial Safety Net. The chapter closes with a discussion of the problem of global imbalances and the absence of an institutional mechanism to reduce these as a threat to global financial stability.
Equitable Access, Locale, Funding, and the Alignment to Performance Ratings in Texas Gifted Programs:

Self-assessments utilizing designated, objective standards are critical in program evaluation. Although 2013–2014 Texas policy mandated districts self-assess their gifted programs using the communi...
Survivals of two cooperating species of animals

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to give conditions for the existence and uniqueness of positive solution to a rather general type of elliptic system of the Dirichlet problem on a bounded domain Ω in R n . Also considered are the effects of perturbations on the coexistence state and uniqueness. The techniques used in this paper are super-sub solutions method, eigenvalues of operators, maximum principles, spectrum estimates, inverse function theory, and general elliptic theory. The arguments also rely on some detailed properties for the solution of logistic equations. These results yield an algebraically computable criterion for the positive coexistence of cooperating species of animals in many biological models.
Sustainability transitions of urban food-energy-water-waste infrastructure: A living laboratory approach for circular economy

Abstract Urban areas often face versatile stressors (e.g., food security, congestion, energy shortage, water pollution, water scarcity, waste management, and storm and flooding), requiring better resilient and sustainable infrastructure systems. A system dynamics model (SDM), explored for the urban region of Orlando, Florida, acts as a multi-agent model for portraying material and energy flows across the food, energy, water, and waste (FEWW) sectors to account for urban sustainability transitions. The interlinkages between the FEWW sectors in the SDM are formulated with multiple layers of dependencies and interconnections of the available resources and their external climatic, environmental, and socioeconomic drivers through four case studies (scenarios). The vital components in the integrated FEWW infrastructure system include urban agriculture associated with the East End Market Urban Farm; energy from the fuel-diverse Curtis H. Stanton Energy Center; reclaimed wastewater treated by the Eastern Water Reclamation Facility, the Water Conserv II Water Reclamation Facility, and stormwater reuse; and solid waste management and biogas generation from the Orange County Landfill. The four scenarios evaluated climate change impacts, policy instruments, and land use teleconnection for waste management in the FEWW nexus, demonstrating regional synergies among these components. The use of multicriteria decision-making coupled with cost-benefit-risk tradeoff analysis supported the selection of case 4 as the most appropriate option as it provided greater renewable energy production and stormwater reuse. The SDM graphic user interface aids in the visualization of the dynamics of the FEWW nexus framework, demonstrating the specific role of renewable energy harvesting for sustainably transitioning Orlando into a circular economy.
Soldiers for Democracy: Karl Loewenstein, John H. Herz, Militant Democracy and the Defense of the Democratic State

iv Introduction: Karl Loewenstein, John Herz and the Flight From Fascism 1 Chapter One: The Academic: Karl Loewenstein and the Development of Militant Democracy 13 Chapter Two: The Advocate: Karl Loewenstein and the Public Campaign for Militant Democracy 51 Chapter Three: Brothers-in-Thought: John Herz, Karl Loewenstein and the Pessimistic Worldview 84 Conclusion: The Lasting Influence of Militant Democracy 107
Launching commercial space: NASA, cargo, and policy innovation

Abstract In 2013, NASA completed its Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program. Initiated in 2005, COTS developed a privately operated cargo transport system for the International Space Station (ISS). In doing so, it met an urgent NASA need to replace a vital space shuttle function and heralded the prospect of crew transportation. It also fostered more competition in the aerospace industry aimed at lowering costs for space access. Finally, it gave hope that low-earth orbit might someday become more the preserve of the industrial sector, so that NASA could concentrate its constrained government resources on deep-space exploration. This essay analyzes the case of COTS as a policy innovation – how it was born, led, and the forces that helped and hindered it during its eight-year journey from concept to closure. It indicates factors critical to its success.
Measuring the relationship between organizational transparency and employee trust.

� The literature on transparency and trust suggest the two concepts are related. While this idea is logical on its face, would it hold true if measured? Using an instrument that measures both transparency and trust, analysis of employee opinion supports this notion. In particular, organizations that encourage and allow public participation, share substantial information so their publics can make informed decisions, give balanced reports that hold them accountable, and open themselves up to public scrutiny, are more likely to be trusted.
A comparative study of high voltage (4 kV) power rectifiers PiN/MPS/SSD/SPEED

This paper provides for the first time a comparative experimental study of different high voltage power rectifier structures designed based on the anode injection efficiency control concept. Trade-off curves of peak reverse current density, reverse recovery charge extracted and reverse dJ/dt versus forward voltage drop showed the merged PiN-Schottky (MPS), self-adapting P-emitter diode (SPEED), and static shielding diode (SSD) rectifiers to have far superior switching characteristics when compared to conventional PiN diodes. The uniform carrier distribution observed in the MPS/SPEED/SSD rectifiers leads to a universal trade-off curve in anode injection efficiency control diodes that is inherently superior to that obtained through lifetime control techniques. The SPEED rectifier is most attractive for high voltage applications due to its low reverse leakage current, while the MPS rectifier provides an excellent alternative to the high voltage PiN diode due to the identical fabrication process and its superior switching characteristics.
ELLA: An Efficient Lifelong Learning Algorithm

The problem of learning multiple consecutive tasks, known as lifelong learning, is of great importance to the creation of intelligent, general-purpose, and flexible machines. In this paper, we develop a method for online multi-task learning in the lifelong learning setting. The proposed Efficient Lifelong Learning Algorithm (ELLA) maintains a sparsely shared basis for all task models, transfers knowledge from the basis to learn each new task, and refines the basis over time to maximize performance across all tasks. We show that ELLA has strong connections to both online dictionary learning for sparse coding and state-of-the-art batch multitask learning methods, and provide robust theoretical performance guarantees. We show empirically that ELLA yields nearly identical performance to batch multi-task learning while learning tasks sequentially in three orders of magnitude (over 1,000x) less time.
Major Polar Lipids of Hepatitis B Antigen Preparations: Evidence for the Presence of a Glycosphingolipid

The major phospholipids of hepatitis B antigen, subtype adw, were characterized as phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and lysophosphatidylcholine. In addition, two carbohydrate-containing lipids were observed, one of which was characterized as a non-sialic acid-containing, water-soluble glycosphingolipid. Upon hydrolysis the glycosphingolipid yielded both hydroxy and non-hydroxy fatty acid as well as a long-chain base which was putatively identified as dihydrosphingosine.
Lessons learned on using adaptive devices for the disabled to teach design

At FIE94, the authors describe their first efforts at using the design and construction of devices for the disabled as the focal point for a junior-level Mechanical Engineering design course. This program has been expanded to include senior capstone projects and summer support for two undergraduates to work on extended projects. The construction costs of the projects have been funded through an NSF REU grant. In this paper the authors will describe projects which students have undertaken to illustrate the problems and potential of assistive technology as the source of design projects. Sources of information and networking through RESNA, the Center for Assistive Technology, and NSF will be given. There is a great satisfaction in providing a device for someone who cannot find an affordable solution to his/her problem. But these projects are not without their problems. Each project is a lesson for the students, as well as the instructor on effective design and project management. For the instructor the lesson is how to design and manage a course to teach design.
Steganographic communication with quantum information

We introduce a scheme for steganographic communication based on a channel hidden within the quantum key distribution protocol of Bennett and Brassard. An outside observer cannot establish evidence that this communication is taking place for the simple reason that no correlations between public data and hidden information exist. Assuming an attacker guesses hidden communication is underway, we obtain a precise quantitative bound on the amount of hidden information they can acquire, and find that it is very small, less than 10-7 bits per channel use in typical experimental settings. We also calculate the capacity of the steganographic channel, including an analysis based on data available from experimental realizations of quantum protocols.
Non-Equilibrium Dielectric Barrier Discharge Treatment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Charges and Reactive Oxygen Species Play the Major Role in Cell Death

Atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasmas are efficacious in killing both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. While the mechanism of plasma induced cell death has been thoroughly studied in prokaryotes, detailed investigation of plasma mediated eukaryotic cell death is still pending. When plasma is generated, four major components that interact with cells are produced: electric fields, radiation, charged particles, and neutral gas species. The goal of this study was to determine which of the plasma components are responsible for plasma-induced cell death by isolating and removing each from treatment. The C3H10T1/2 murine mesenchyme stem cell line was treated in six well plates, stained with Propidium Iodide to determine viability, and analyzed by image cytometry. Our results show that plasma-generated charges and reactive oxygen species are the primary contributors to cell death.