cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Toxicity effects of short term diesel exhaust particles exposure to human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and human lung carcinoma epithelial cells (A549).

Abstract In this study, confocal Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM) and multiplex ELISA were applied to analyze the biophysical responses (biomechanics and biospectroscopy) of normal human primary small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and human lung carcinoma epithelial A549 cells to in vitro short term DEP exposure (up to 2 h). Raman spectra revealed the specific cellular biomolecular changes in cells induced by DEP compared to unexposed control cells. Principal component analysis was successfully applied to analyze spectral differences between control and treated groups from multiple individual cells, and indicated that cell nuclei are more sensitive than other cell locations. AFM measurements indicated that 2 h of DEP exposure induced a significant decrease in cell elasticity and a dramatic change in membrane surface adhesion force. Cytokine and chemokine production measured by multiplex ELISA demonstrated DEP-induced inflammatory responses in both cell types.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Problem, Perspective, Prospect

To understand the traumatic events of 1977, I explore the role of JPSP in the process of scientific communication in personality and social psychology and argue that the journal's visibility and reputation derive from its position as the mass medium of its field. I trace the history and describe the governance of the journal and show how it has been difficult to apply policies designed to cope with the problems of other "large" APA journals to JPSP. I report the events leading up to JPSP's precipitous decline in size and present reasons why the page reduction was such a problem. Finally, I review the prospects facing JPSP.
Shock induced ethanol consumption in rats

Two experiments are presented which describe the temporal and volumetric changes in ethanol consumption by rats exposed to recurring schedules of inescapable random shock. The animals in Experiment 1, which had a choice between ethanol and water, increased their voluntary ethanol consumption immediately after the shock schedule. The postshock changes occurred with both 5% and 10% V/V ethanol, were specific to the presence of shock and were not reflected by measures of total daily ethanol intake. Experiment 2 exposed rats to extended 22 hr stress sessions, during which each animal had four simultaneous fluid choices available: water, saccharin 0.1% W/V, ethanol 5% V/V, and ethanol 10% V/V. Temporal intake patterns for both 5% and 10% ethanol showed pronounced peaks for the interval immediately following the shock schedule. A shift of intake from 5% to 10% ethanol was also demonstrated with increasing time under shock, while saccharin and water intake decreased. The results are interpreted as a relationship between voluntary ethanol intake and escape from the consequences of stress.
A nonlocal theory of the gradient-drift instability in the ionospheric E-region plasma at mid-latitudes

The instability which arises in thin ionization layers in the ionospheric E region is inherently nonlocal at mid-latitudes because of the high conductivity along the inclined magnetic field lines. We attack the gradient-drift stability problem using a numerical matrix method, with a finite Fourier basis for the density and potential perturbations, and find complex eigenfunctions and eigenvalues. A thin density layer with steep edges, superimposed on a constant background, is unstable at modes that are centered on the locally unstable side but extend into the locally stable region. The finite background density is essential, but of course there always is such a background in the ionosphere. An interesting aspect of the solutions is that the electric field perturbations peak at distances farther away from the layer than do the density perturbations. The growth rate of the nonlocal modes is significantly smaller than that predicted by local theory (which omits the damping effect of coupling along the magnetic field lines), as expected, and so the waves must be strongly driven. But for ambient electric field strengths of a few mV/m, or an equivalent wind velocity, the growth rates are sufficient to explain sounding rocket and radar observations of plasma waves associated with sporadic-E layers. We also find that the unstable plasma waves propagate in directions that differ from normal to the magnetic field by less than a degree, probably less than half a degree, in agreement with radar observations.
Defending the West: A Critique of Edward Said's Orientalism – By Ibn Warraq

The lives of the late Edward Said and of Ibn Warraq (pen name) exhibit a few parallels. Born in British‐ruled Palestine, Said was in his midteens when his Arab parents sent him to a New England pre...
A note concerning reflection effects versus framing effects

A recent article discussing the costs and benefits of judgment errors and presenting a taxonomy of judgment behaviors (H. Arkes, 1991) included an error. This note corrects the error in H. Arkes's article in which framing effects were mislabeled as reflection effects. In addition, readers may have mistakenly received the impression that evidence for reflection and framing effects is more consistent than it is. So, it is clarified that research evidence for reflection and framing effects is variable rather than uniformly positive
Effect of amino acid imbalance on liver glycogen levels in young salmon

Abstract 1. 1. Stressed young salmon fed a diet containing 10 per cent glycine show higher liver glycogen than others fed the basic diet without the added glycine. 2. 2. A cellular amino acid imbalance from the high glycine intake is proposed with l -tyrosine, one of the limiting amino acids. 3. 3. When l -tyrosine is prefed with the glycine diet liver glycogen is the same as in fish prefed the basic diet. 4. 4. It is postulated that cellular amino acids in a deficiency of l -tyrosine are not utilizable for protein biosynthesis, and the deaminated chains of several are available for carbohydrate formation. Feeding l -tyrosine corrects this.
The Advanced Course in Professional Selling.

More universities are incorporating sales content into their curriculums, and although the introductory courses in professional sales have much common ground and guidance from numerous professional...
Norm-Referenced and Criterion- Referenced Tests: An Overview:

Until school districts improve theirpotential to develop meaningful criterion-referenced tests, norm-referenced (standardized) tests will be the major yardstick for measuring studentlearning—despit...
Maintenance of host medullary nucleus gracilis neurons after C3 homograting of fetal spinal cord into host fasciculus gracilis

Abstract The fasciculus gracilis (FG) of the third cervical spinal cord segment (C3) of adult rats was aspirated and fresh whole pieces of rat 14-day gestation cervical spinal cord, prelabeled with Phaseolus vulguris leucoagglutinin, immediately placed in the pocket of one-half the operates. One to three months later there were no transplant derived rostro-caudal nerve fibers in the C1 or C2 segment of the aspiration-only or aspiration-graft FG. However, the neurons of the nucleus gracilis of the host medulla of the aspiration-only group were significantly atrophied whereas ther neurons of the aspiration-graft group were not statistically different from normal. There were normal numbers of neurons in all groups. Using immunohistochemical double labeling for prelabeled astrocytes with PHAL and GFAP, graft-derived astrocytes were found in the necleus gracilis of the host of the host medulla. These data indicate that the trophic action of spinal graft-derived astrocytes maintained neurons in the medulla of the host nucleus gracilis.
Outcomes and predictors of failure of thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis.

Background Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) with adjunctive mechanical techniques, when successful, is reported to alleviate symptoms of acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (IFDVT) and to lower the occurrence of the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). This study aimed to determine longer term outcomes of catheter-based interventions for IFDVT and to identify predictors of immediate and mid-long-term failures that would guide optimal patient selection. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent CDT or pharmacomechanical thrombolysis for IFDVT between May 2007 and March 2013 were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Assessment of predictors of immediate periprocedural failure was based on the degree of clot lysis (≤50% vs >50%) and 30-day recurrence of DVT. Long-term anatomic and clinical failures and outcomes were assessed by ultrasound imaging of the lysed segments and Villalta score (≥5 vs Results During the study period, 93 patients (118 limbs; mean age, 49.4 ± 16.2 years; 47 women) with symptoms averaging 11.1 ± 9.6 days in duration were treated with various combinations of CDT or pharmacomechanical thrombolysis; in 52 (56%), at least one iliocaval stent was deployed. Immediate treatment failure was seen in 11 patients (12%) predicted by the preoperative indication “phlegmasia” (odds ratio, 3.12; P = .042) and recent surgery (odds ratio, 19.6; P = .018). At a mean ultrasonographic follow-up of 16 ± 14 months (range, 1-65 months), six more patients sustained a rethrombosis, accounting for an overall 3-year primary patency of 72.1%. In the long-term model, loss of primary patency was associated with recent surgery (hazard ratio [HR], 4.04; P = .023), malignant disease (HR, 6.75; P = .016), and incomplete thrombolysis (≤50%) (HR, 5.83; P Conclusions Thrombolysis for symptomatic IFDVT can achieve high rates of thrombus resolution and reduce long-term PTS morbidity on careful patient selection. Improved anatomic and clinical outcomes are associated with the completeness of thrombolysis.
Reactions of M—M bonded dinuclear zirconium(III) complexes with vicinal dihaloalkanes and olefins: A new type of metal—olefin complex

Abstract The reaction of Zr2X6(PR3)4 compounds with vic-dihalides or with olefins gives Zr2X6(PR3)4(C2R4) compounds in which the mid-point of the olefin lies between the two Zr atoms, providing an unprecedented type of metal—olefin complex.
Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy with corneal stromal infiltrates

Purpose To report the association of perilimbal corneal stromal infiltrates with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy. Method Case report. Results A 29-year-old woman with bilateral fundus lesions typical of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy presented with peripheral corneal stromal infiltrates that resolved with fundus lesions. Conclusion Corneal stromal infiltrates may be associated with characteristic fundus lesions of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy.
A Sagnac interferometer sensor system for intrusion detection and localization

ABSTRACT A cable, having two optical bers, is buried in a two foot wide swath surrounding a facility containing buildingsand grounds. The bers are connected to directional couplers to form two ber Sagnac interferometer loops.By making one loop longer than the other, with an additional ber spool, not only can an intruder across theperimeter be detected but also the location of the intruder along the perimeter can be ascertained. The proposedsystem is described and analyzed. Simulation shows that such a system provides an excellent means of perimeterprotection at low cost.Keywords: perimeter security, ber optics, Sagnac interferometer, optical sensor, intrusion sensing 1. INTRODUCTION Fiber optic perimeter sensors have been used in security systems to detect and locate disturbance on theirsensing loops. 1234 This paper describes a dual-loop ber perimeter security detection and localization systemusing Sagnac interferometers to protect buildings, grounds for commercial and military facilities. It uses beroptic sensors to detect the pressure, vibration and tension changes in the ber caused by intrusions, which willreect in the phase variation in the transmission signal detected by the interferometer.A Sagnac interferometer is a common path interferometer, in which two light beams travel the same path inopposite directions, and recombine and create the interference pattern on the detector. Thermal or mechanicaleects caused by the intrusion will change the refractive index of the ber, and cause a phase change, (t),at position P away from the geometrical center O of the ber length, as shown in Fig. 1. The two counter-propagating beams encounter the varying refractive index change at slightly dierent moments in time; thereforewill suer dierent phase changes. The resulting net phase dierence, (t, d) , is proportional to the productof two factors: the rate of change of the phase perturbation, and the distance d between point P and coil centerO .
Does the choice of consumption measure matter? An application to the permanent-income hypothesis

Abstract Food consumption in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics is used as a proxy for total consumption in many applications in economics, including tests of the permanent-income hypothesis, tests of separability between consumption and leisure, and tests of intergenerational altruism. Food, however, explains only a small fraction of the variation in total consumption. I propose a measure of composite consumption based on predicted wealth and compare it both to food consumption and to Skinner's (1987) measure of predicted consumption in a test of the permanent-income hypothesis. Using a log-linear intertemporal consumption function I find that food does not reject the permanent-income hypothesis but both Skinner's predicted consumption and the composite measure proposed here to reject the hypothesis.
A statistical model for localized corrosion in 7xxx aluminum alloys

Abstract A statistical model was developed to rationalize the effect of grain structure on the localized corrosion kinetics in 7xxx aluminum alloys. The model utilized a two-dimensional brick-wall description of the grain structure. Differences in localized corrosion kinetics in different orientations were attributed to differences in path lengths calculated by assigning probabilities of continued growth at various grain intersections in the microstructure. The goal was to use the statistical method and simulations to describe the localized corrosion growth in 7xxx aluminum alloys and to understand the mechanism of corrosion, which was observed to be selective grain attack. Scenarios for the mechanism of selective grain attack are discussed in light of the results from the modeling and simulations.
Constrained optimal design of circular plates against buckling.

ABSTRACT Several problems are investigated in which the buckling loads of structures are maximized, subject to the restriction that the volume of structural material is specified. In addition, a constraint is placed upon either the maximum allowable prebuckling stress, or the minimum allowable thickness. The structures analyzed are flat, axisymmetric circular plates, loaded by uniform radial thrust, and assumed to buckle axisymmetrically. The plates are investigated for both sandwich and solid cross-sectional geometries.
A preparation and purification of [1-14C]acetylcarnitine.

Abstract [1- 14 C]Acetylearnitine was prepared from [1- 14 C]acetate and l -carnitine using acetyl-CoA synthetase and carnitine acetyltransferase. The product was purified by ion-exchange and thin-layer chromatography. Conversion of [1- 14 C]acetate to [1- 14 C]acetylcarnitine was better than 90% and overall recovery of the pure product was greater that 80%.
Successful pregnancies after pediatric liver transplantation with tacrolimus immunosuppression: two case reports

Successful pregnancies after pediatric liver transplantation with tacrolimus immunosuppression: two case reports
Work-Nonwork Conflict and the Phenomenology of Time Beyond the Balance Metaphor

Most research on work-nonwork conflict emphasizes time allocation, evoking the metaphor of “balancing” time. Balance imagery is restrictive because it neglects the perceptual experience of time and...
Picturing a green virtual public space for social change: a study of Internet activism and Web-based environmental collective actions in China

While increased attention has been paid to the rise of Chinese environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs), the role that new information and communication technologies (ICTs) play in these ENGOs' collective actions has rarely been investigated. Based on first-hand information gained from field research with 19 environmental NGOs in Beijing, the author identified 18 Internet-based environmental collective actions and illustrated the specific conditions under which Chinese ENGOs employ the Internet to engage in these actions. Specifically, this study developed an analytical typology of ICT for the environmental movement to examine the extent to which and conditions under which Chinese ENGOs employ ICTs, especially the Internet, for chances of mobilization and social change. From six groups of thematically classified cases, the study also uniquely compared how various web conditions combine with and mediate various structural dimensions of the campaigns to achieve a certain level of social change.
Abnormal production of interleukin-1 by microglia from trisomy 16 mice.

Abstract The production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) was examined in cultured CNS microglia obtained from trisomy 16 (Ts16) fetal mouse brain, a model system for studies relevant to Down syndrome (DS). When compared to microglia from their normal littermates, Ts16 microglia produced significantly higher levels of IL-1 activity both before and following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IL-1 release was stimulated by α β interferon (IFN) in the normal but not Ts16 microglial cultures. The overall level of IL-1 production in normal littermates, however, was still less than that seen in Ts16. Thus, microglia from Ts16 mice may function in an inappropriate manner and, if this abnormality occurs in vivo, may have wide ranging effects on a developing nervous system.
Critical current limiting factors in post annealed (Bi,Pb)/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ tapes

Processing (Bi,Pb)/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ (Bi-2223) tape by the oxide-powder-in-tube technique normally includes two heat treatments and one intermediate rolling. A three-step heat treatment was applied for the second heat treatment (HT2). Experimental procedures were designed for understanding the roles of each processing step in HT2 and the post anneal. It was found that post annealing improved the critical temperature T/sub c/, critical current density J/sub c/ and flux pinning characteristic field H/sub p/. The midpoint T/sub c/ was raised from 103 to 109 K by post anneal, while H/sub p/ was increased from 126 to 183 mT. Post anneal at about 790/spl deg/C precipitated Pb from Bi-2223 phase to form a Pb-rich phase, thus the microstructure looked worse but T/sub c/, J/sub c/ and H/sub p/ were raised. J/sub c/ was raised as the Bi-2212 phase signature in the T/sub c/ trace decreased. The most important observation is that raising T/sub c/ and minimizing residual Bi-2212 are decisive factors for increasing J/sub c/ at 77 K in Bi-2223 tapes.
Acute appendicitis presenting as acute left scrotal pain: Diagnostic considerations

To our knowledge this is the first case of acute perforated appendicitis presenting as acute left scrotal pain described in the literature. In addition, this case involved a unique false positive radionuclide scrotal scan for testicular torsion, which is also reported and discussed for the first time.
Mapping the Imperial Social Formation: A Modest Proposal for Feminist History

L'A. presente le feminisme aux Indes, fortement influence par le feminisme colonial des classes moyennes britanniques, et demontre que le feminisme indien n'est plus articule a l'interieur d'un systeme macropolitique specifique comme jadis l'etait le feminisme britannique
Low temperature creep of Ti-6 Al-4 V

Creep tests were conducted at 295 K on Ti-6 Al-4 V in the solution treated and aged (4 h at 815 K) condition, and in the as-welded condition. Some aged specimens were tested after pre-straining. Creep stresses ranged from 40 to 90 pct of the aged material yield strength. Results showed that creep was of the primary or transient kind in all cases, and was much greater in welded than in aged material. In general, pre-strains reduced creep, although a strain larger than 10-3 was needed to do this at the highest creep stress. Activation areas A* were between 10 and 20 b2, and thus were similar to tensile results on titanium and its alloys. The microstructural rationale applied to Ti-5 Al-2.5 Sn in earlier work, based on the character of dislocation sources, proved successful in understanding the effects of prestrain in this work.
Cryopreserved veins in myocardial revascularization : Possible mechanism for their increased failure

Background. Cryopreserved veins are used as conduits for myocardial revascularization. However, a high failure rate associated with their use has been reported anecdotally. Methods. To find an explanation for the poor performance of cryopreserved vein grafts, we conducted a retrospective 5-year study on all patients at a single institution in whom cryopreserved vein grafts were used. We further performed in vitro studies measuring cell adhesion, nitric oxide production, and contractile capacity of saphenous vein, internal thoracic artery, and cryopreserved veins. Results. Forty-one patients were identified in whom one or more cryopreserved veins were used as a last resort. Sixteen had events (death or recatheterization). Seven deaths occurred (17%). Event-free survival was 50% at 12 months. Activated granulocyte/monocyte endothelial adherence could be lowered in internal thoracic arteries and saphenous veins with morphine incubation (50% and 57%, respectively), but not in cryopreserved veins. Simultaneous increases in nitric oxide release were also found in internal thoracic arteries and saphenous veins, but not cryopreserved veins. In addition, cryopreserved veins showed a diminished contractile capacity under experimental conditions. Conclusions. In this highly select group of patients, cryopreserved veins had a high early failure rate, which may be partially due to the inability of the endothelium to participate in immunovascular processes.
An Integrative Analysis of Reputation and Relational Quality: A Study of University-Student Relationships

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to explore the link between reputation and relational quality in the context of student-university relationships, based on a perceptual analysis of the participants' subjective views (i.e., factor analysis with Q methodology). To this end, the researchers selected a private university located in the Northeast region of the United States as the research setting, with students of the university serving as research participants. The researchers proposed three research questions regarding the link between student-university relational quality and university reputation. The findings of this research indicate that the concepts of relational quality and reputation can be “variantly” intertwined on the basis of individual stakeholders' subjective views of their experience, interactions, and information, rather than intertwined in a linear way.
Solar wind-driven electron radiation belt response functions at 100-min time scales

Abstract We present a simple yet numerically robust technique, using autoregressive linear filters, to remove unwanted “colored noise” from solar wind and radiation belt electron data at sub-daily resolution. The remaining signal is then studied using finite impulse response linear prediction filters to represent the driven portion of the linear dynamics that describe the coupling between solar wind speed and electron flux. Sub-daily resolution response profiles covering magnetic L-shells between 1.1 and 8.0 R E are presented which are consistent with daily resolution response functions. Namely, while there is strong global coherence governing electron flux dynamics, there are at least two distinct responses. The first response is an immediate dropout of electrons between L = 4 and L = 7 that is at least a partly adiabatic effect associated with enhancements in the ring current. This is followed by a 1–2 day delayed enhancement across the same L-shells that is likely a result of increased radial diffusion. The second response is an immediate enhancement seen between L = 3 and L = 4 with a typical duration of less than one day. Plausible explanations for this second response are briefly discussed, but neither empirical nor theoretical evidence can establish conclusively a definite physical cause. Finally, the response profiles show significant solar cycle and seasonal dependencies, indicating that better model output might be achieved with: (1) additional simultaneous solar wind inputs; (2) more sophisticated dynamical model structures capable of incorporating non-linear feedback; and/or (3) time-adaptive linear filters that can track non-stationary dynamics in time.
Hydrogen peroxide localization in ocular tissue: an electron microscopic cytochemical study

A reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H)-dependent hydrogen peroxide-generating activity of rat ocular tissue was investigated cytochemically utilizing the cerium method. NADPH or NADH oxidation resulted in electron-dense fine granular deposits on the corneal epithelial and endothelial plasma membranes, around the photoreceptors of the retina, and on the processes of the retinal pigmented epithelium. Control specimens incubated in a substrate-free medium did not show any such deposits. These results suggest that, under normal conditions, there is generation of oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, in the ocular structures, and that such oxidants can be visualized by cytochemical techniques.
Pise: Software for building bioinformatics webs

Pise is interface construction software for bioinformatics applications that run by command-line operations. It creates common, easy-to-use interfaces to these applications for the Web, or other uses. It is adaptable to new bioinformatics tools, and offers program chaining, Unix system batch and other controls, making it an attractive method for building and using your own bioinformatics web services.
An exponential dilution gradient system for nanoscale liquid chromatography in combination with MALDI or nano-ESI mass spectrometry for proteolytic digests.

A simple and inexpensive nano high performance liquid chromatography system (nano-LC) employing the exponential dilution method for gradient separations was built. The system was used to analyze a tryptic digest of Escherichia coli uracil DNA glycosylase (Ung; Mr = 25,563), a DNA-binding protein that initiates the uracil-excision DNA repair process by catalyzing the release of uracil from the deoxyribose phosphate backbone of DNA. Both on-line and off-line approaches to analyzing peptides produced by in-gel digestion of Ung are demonstrated. The on-line approach uses nano-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) /micro-electrospray MS to assign peptide masses. The off-line approach uses matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and nano-electrospray/ collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry, to analyze fractions (2–3 μL) collected manually from the nano-LC system. The nano-electrospray technique allows detailed fragmentation information to be obtained at different collision energies with only a marginal increase in sample handling due to the nano-LC step.
Piperideine alkaloids from the poison gland of the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

The major chemical components in the venom of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, are 2-methyl-6-alkyl or alkenyl piperidines. After isolating the extracts of poison glands and whole worker bodies with column chromatography, we obtained fractions containing a mixture of six piperideine alkaloids. Reduction of those samples using NaBH4 in ethanol generated piperidine alkaloids found in the fire ant poison gland, resulting in both the cis- and the trans-piperidine alkaloids. The mass spectra and gas chromatographic behavior of most piperidine alkaloids from fire ant venom have been well-characterized, which significantly facilitated the identification of these piperdeine compounds. On the basis of the mass spectra and profiles of NaBH4 reduction products, we identified these alkaloids as 2-methyl-6-tridecenyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-tridecyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-pentadecenyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-pentadecyl-6-piperideine, 2-methyl-6-heptadecenyl-6-piperideine, and 2-methyl-6-heptade...
Elastic and inelastic proton scattering from 112, 114Cd

Abstract Differential cross sections for elastic and inelastic scattering of 13 MeV protons by 112, 114 Cd have been measured. Special effort was made to extract cross sections for the excitation of states which occur in the two-phonon region. The elastic scattering was fitted by searching for the best parameters of an optical model. The observed cross sections for excitation of the one-phonon 2 + and 3 − states were compared to the predictions of both the DWBA theory and the coupled-channel theory. Distortion parameters were extracted and compared to the electromagnetic values. The differential cross sections for excitation of the two-phonon states are very similar for the two cadmium isotopes, and they are also similar to those previously observed for the palladium isotopes. The coupled-channel theory is used to interpret the excitation of the two-phonon states. An appreciably better fit to the observed cross sections for excitation of the second 2 + states is obtained if a small admixture of the one-phonon state is assumed for the description of these states.
Two-Graft Repair of Very Proximal Superior Mesenteric Artery Aneurysms: A Technical Note

Visceral artery aneurysms are found in only 0.2% of the general population. Among these, aneurysms of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) are very unusual and account for only 5.5 % to 8 %. Risk of rupture or embolization is the impetus for their definitive treatment and this should be performed in acceptable candidates. These aneurysms are typically located distal to the origin of the SMA and this situation lends itself to interposition grafting as a means of both aneurysm repair and reestablishment of prograde SMA blood flow. However, SMA origin aneurysms that arise directly from the abdominal aorta add a degree of complexity because the vascular reconstruction must include the diseased visceral aorta as well as the SMA. In this article we report successful operative treatment of large aneurysms at the origin of the superior mesenteric artery using a two-graft technique in two elderly patients.
SECTION OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES: A GRADUATE RESEARCH PROGRAM IN NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES*

Research problems in reactor physics, nuclear spectroscopy, and radiation effects on materials are discussed. The R.P.I. linac and associated facilities are described. The time dependence of flux on space, energy, and angle transients is being studied. Precision measurements of asymptotic and time- dependent spectra in moderators and subcritical assemblies are reported. Measurements of neutron capture and fission cross sections and the detailed study of certain photonuclear disintegrations are reported as in progress. Some results are given for isotopic assignments of hafnium energy levels. Other programs reported are molecular energy levels and neutron cross sections from low- - energy neutron inelastic scattering, plans for mass spectrometric isotopes laboratories, and radiation damage in semiconductors and thin metal films. (R.E.U.) H03 H029803 No genetic effects were observed in Drosophila on exposure to homogeneous and inhomogeneous magnetic fields of high field strength and gradient. Synergistic effects of magnetic fields in combination with x radiation, starvation, hyperoxia, and hypoxia were also not observed. (auth)
Improved methods for Monte Carlo estimation of the fisher information matrix

The Fisher information matrix summarizes the amount of information in a set of data relative to the quantities of interest and forms the basis for the Cramer-Rao (lower) bound on the uncertainty in an estimate. There are many applications of the information matrix in modeling, systems analysis, and estimation. This paper presents a resampling-based method for computing the information matrix together with some new theory related to efficient implementation. We show how certain properties associated with the likelihood function and the error in the estimates of the Hessian matrix can be exploited to improve the accuracy of the Monte Carlo- based estimate of the information matrix.
High-order quadratures for integral operators with singular kernels

A numerical integration method that has rapid convergence for integrands with known singularities is presented. Based on endpoint corrections to the trapezoidal rule, the quadratures are suited for the discretization of a variety of integral equations encountered in mathematical physics. The quadratures are based on a technique introduced by Rokhlin (1990). The present modification controls the growth of the quadrature weights and permits higher-order rules in practice. Several numerical examples are included.
The effect of sleep medications on cognitive recovery from traumatic brain injury.

Objective To summarize the literature on the available pharmacotherapy for insomnia and the adverse cognitive effects of those options in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design Ovid/MEDLINE databases were searched by using the following key words: "brain injury," "sleep initiation and maintenance disorders," "hypnotics and sedatives," "benzodiazepines," "trazodone," and "neuronal plasticity." Results The reviewed literature consistently reported that benzodiazepines and atypical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists result in cognitive impairment when plasma levels are at their peak. Evidence of residual effects on cognition was reported for benzodiazepines but was seen less often in atypical GABA agonists. However, evidence has also been presented that GABA agonists have adverse effects on neuroplasticity, raising concerns about their use in patients recovering from TBI. Conclusions Use of benzodiazepines in TBI has been discouraged and some authors also advocate caution in prescribing atypical GABA agonists. Alternate treatments including trazodone and a newer class of agents, melatonin agonists, are highlighted, along with the limited data available addressing the use of these medications in TBI. Finally, suggestions are offered for further research, especially on topic related to neural plasticity and functional recovery.
Combination chemotherapy of refractory lymphoma with cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum, vinblastine, and bleomycin

Therapy of advanced lymphomas after failure of chemotherapy with cytoxan and adriamycin containing combinations remains poor. We have treated 17 patients with refractory lymphomas of various histologies with an intensive regimen of cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin. These were three complete clinical responses (6, 10+, 8 months, respectively) and five partial responses (2.5, 3, 4, 7, 18 months, respectively) for a total of 8/17 responders. Four of the eight responders had bone or bone marrow involvement. In addition, three patients had dramatic shrinkage of measureable lesions, but the duration (less than 1 month) was too short to allow classification as a response. Toxicity included severe myelosuppression requiring that patients be hospitalized to the majority of cases, mild to moderate rise in serum creatinine levels in 41% of patients and one case of fatal pulmonary fibrosis. This regimen may be useful in patients with refractory or relapsing lymphoma; alternatively, it may be useful as part of an initial treatment protocol utilizing non-cross-resistant regimens for the management of patients with poor prognosis lymphomas.
Application of a benthic observed/expected-type model for assessing Central Appalachian streams influenced by regional stressors in West Virginia and Kentucky

Stream bioassessments rely on taxonomic composition at sites compared with natural, reference conditions. We developed and tested an observed/expected (O/E) predictive model of taxonomic completeness and an index of compositional dissimilarity (BC index) for Central Appalachian streams using combined macroinvertebrate datasets from riffle habitats in West Virginia (WV) and Kentucky (KY). A total of 102 reference sites were used to calibrate the O/E model, which was then applied to assess over 1,200 sites sampled over a 10-year period. Using an all subsets discriminant function analysis (DFA) procedure, we tested combinations of 14 predictor variables that produced DF and O/E models of varying performance. We selected the most precise model using a probability of capture at >0.5 (O/E₀.₅, SD = 0.159); this model was constructed with only three simple predictor variables--Julian day, latitude, and whether a site was in ecoregion 69a. We evaluated O/E and BC indices between reference and test sites and compared their response to regional stressors, including coal mining, residential development, and acid deposition. The Central Appalachian O/E and BC indices both showed excellent discriminatory power and were significantly correlated to a variety of regional stressors; in some instances, the BC index was slightly more sensitive and responsive than the O/E₀.₅ model. These indices can be used to supplement existing bioassessment tools crucial to detecting and diagnosing stream impacts in the Central Appalachian region of WV and KY.
The transport of heat between solids at low temperature

Abstract It has been demonstrated experimentally that the acoustic mismatch theory provides the correct physical description of the nonelectronic thermal conductance across the interface between two solids. The theory has been modified so as to include the effect of phonon attenuation in the solids.
Deglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) antagonizes hCG stimulation of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation through a noncompetitive interaction with recombinant human luteinizing hormone receptors.

In the rat, the antagonistic properties of deglycosylated (dg) gonadotropins in vitro are characterized by high affinity receptor binding but impaired ability to stimulate cAMP accumulation. In human, the functional role of N-linked sugars in human CG (hCG) action is unclear because of the unavailability of totally deglycosylated hCG and because of the difficulty involved in obtaining human gonadal tissues. We have recently prepared completely deglycosylated hCG using site-directed mutagenesis and expressed functional human LH (hLH) receptors using cloned complementary DNA. Since hLH receptor shows distinct ligand specificity from that of rat LH receptor, we examined binding kinetics and signal transduction of recombinant dg-hCG using recombinant hLH receptors. In embryonic human kidney cells (293) transfected with hLH receptor complementary DNA, 125I-hCG binding to its receptor was studied in the presence of varying amounts of unlabeled dg-hCG or wild type (WT)-hCG. Lineweaver-Burk analysis of the bindin...
The generic existence of rational expectations equilibrium in the higher dimensional case

Abstract The study of the generic existence of rational expectations equilibrium has concentrated on three cases, according to whether the space of “states of private information” has dimension less than, equal to, or greater than the price space. Previous results have shown that in the first case fully revealing equilibria exist generically and in the second case there are open sets of environments with no equilibrium. This paper shows that in the third case there is a residual set of environments which permits equilibria which are arbitrarily close to fully revealing.
Prediction of jet length in immiscible liquid systems

The stability theory is used to predict jet length from jet inception to disruption for injection of one Newtonian liquid into a second immiscible Newtonian liquid. Knowledge of the length is essential for predicting the size of drops formed from jets. At low velocities jet length is controlled by the amplification of symmetrical waves which travel at the interfacial velocity of the jet. At higher velocities an abrupt lengthening of the jet may occur as a result of drop merging, and the jet length is then controlled by the growth rate of sinuous waves which are strongly velocity dependent. Jet disruption results from a geometrical limitation on the maximum amplitude of the sinuous waves. Predictions show good quantitative agreement with experimental data for thirteen mutually saturated systems over a wide range of variables and qualitative agreement with limited experimental data on the effects of initial disturbance level and mass transfer.
The K- and L-Auger spectrum of uranium

Abstract Measurements have been made of the K- and L-Auger electron spectrum of uranium, which results from the beta decay of Pa233. These data are presented and compared with previously known information on the Auger transitions in heavy elements. Low energy lines, including Coster-Kronig transitions in the energy range 0.9- to 4-keV, were observed by means of a permanent-field electron spectrograph with source pre-acceleration.
El debate inconcluso sobre el trabajo no remunerado

L normas conceptuales y teoricas estan en el origen de los sesgos estadisticos que hacen que se infravalore el trabajo de la mujer en las estadisticas de la poblacion activa y en las cuentas nacionales. Los primeros esfuerzos por subsanar esta laguna se centraron en contabilizar mejor la actividad laboral de la mujer con el fin de hacerla mas patente. El objetivo original ha evolucionado gradualmente y, hoy en dia, se procura que las estadisticas abarquen todo el trabajo no remunerado, con independencia de quienes lo realicen (tanto si son hombres, mujeres o menores). Esta evolucion revela que la validez de las cuestiones planteadas por las feministas sobrepasa el feminismo y pone en entredicho algunos supuestos esenciales del pensamiento economico tradicional. Ester Boserup, en su obra ya clasica de 1970, Woman’s role in economic development, senalo que «las actividades de subsistencia que no recogen normalmente las estadisticas sobre produccion y rentas son en gran parte obra de mujeres« (Boserup, 1970, pag. 163). Esta autora fue quien primero puso de relieve el tiempo que consumen estas tareas y las penalidades que causan a las mujeres de las zonas rurales obligadas a hacer esfuerzos fisicos considerables para buscar lena, acarrear agua y ocuparse de los cultivos y de «la elaboracion rudimentaria de alimentos esenciales«. Antes aun, Margaret Reid, en su obra Economics of household production, de 1934, planteo el problema de la exclusion de la produccion domestica del computo de la renta nacional y concibio un metodo para estimar el valor del trabajo efectuado en el hogar. Mas adelante, a partir de los anos sesenta, el movimiento femenino internacional sento las bases para establecer un nuevo metodo de calculo de las actividades economicas de la mujer. Se considero que los sesgos estadisticos simbolizaban la manera en que la sociedad infravaloraba a la mujer y su aportacion al bienestar social. Las cuatro conferencias mundiales sobre la mujer celebradas con los auspicios de las Naciones Unidas desde 1975 han sido decisivas para incorporar el asunto a los programas y los planes de accion consiguientes de las Naciones Unidas. En otro plano, el libro publicado
Effect of tryptophan on hepatic polyribosomes and protein synthesis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride

This study was concerned with the effect of tryptophan in rats on the disaggregation of hepatic polyribosomes and on the inhibition of hepatic protein synthesis due to the administration of CCl4. Overnight fasted rats were treated ip with CCl4 before or after receiving l-tryptophan ip. Rats that received CCl4 alone showed marked hepatic polyribosomal disaggregation and decreased in vitro hepatic protein synthesis. Rats that received tryptophan before or after CCl4 showed an improvement in in vitro hepatic protein synthesis, but only the former group revealed an improvement in hepatic polyribosomes. Studies in which rats received [14C]orotic acid to prelabel hepatic RNA before receiving tryptophan and CCl4 revealed that tryptophan treatment increased the availability of poly(A)-mRNA in the cytoplasm of livers of CCl4-treated rats.
Civil religious orientations and children's perceptions of political authority

Previous studies concerning the influence of religious variables in the political socialization process have been inadequate because they employed crude operational measures of religious beliefs. This study utilizes the presence of civil religious orientations as an alternative conceptualization of religious beliefs and finds that civil religious orientations among children are highly related to early perceptions of political authority. Moreover, the data suggest that the presence of these civil religious orientations are far more important than the nature of early perceptions of the president in the development of support for the political system.
Smoking and Quitting Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behaviors Among Smokers With Severe Mental Illness From Three Race/Ethnicity Groups

Objective: Most people with severe mental illness do not use evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. Ethnic and racial identification among people with severe mental illness may add complexity to their participation in smoking cessation interventions. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore smoking and smoking cessation attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors among three race/ethnicity groups of smokers with severe mental illness. Methods: Researchers inquired into day-to-day smoking activities and quit attempts in six focus groups with 36 randomly selected African American, Latino, and White smokers with severe mental illness. Transcripts were reviewed to identify prominent themes, and first-person perspectives were selected to provide a description of smoking norms, motivation to quit, and sources of quit information. Results: Participants of all three race/ethnicity groups reported that multiple facets of their lives contributed to smoking initiation and maintenance, including the belief th...
Industrial Policy As an Alternative to Trade Policy: Helping By Hurting*

Abstract Industrial policies that are essentially nonlinear taxes or subsidies on adjustment costs of domestic firms affect those firms' market power in oligopolistic international markets. These adjustment policies often can achieve a strategic purpose at lower cost to the government than linear trade or investment subsidies and are less likely to result in retaliation by other governments. Many governments, however, use adjustment policies for nonstrategic purposes without recognizing that they are reducing their firms' market power by subsidizing adjustment costs rather than taxing them.
Rupture of a renal cell carcinoma in a child. Five‐year tumor‐free survival and literature review

The third case of presumably spontaneous rupture of a hypernephroma in a child is reported. This patient remains free of disease more than 5 years following radical nephrectomy, radiation and chemotherapy. Although renal adenocarcinoma in children remains a rare disease, more than 80 cases have appeared in the literature, making it necessary now to consider this tumor in the differential diagnosis of all childhood abdominal masses. Equally significant is the observation that presentation as an acute abdominal crisis in a child can occur, making it important that diagnostic considerations in such situations include hypernephroma, as well as Wilms' tumor. Review of the literature shows that occasional cures from spontaneous retroperitoneal rupture of hypernephromas have been reported in adults, but not in children, although this child has survived in spite of tumor spillage in the free peritoneal cavity.