cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral Imaging for Differentiating Colonies of Non-0157 Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia Coli (STEC) Serogroups on Spread Plates of Pure Cultures

Direct plating on solid agar media has been widely used in microbiology laboratories for presumptive-positive pathogen detection, although it is often subjective and labour-intensive. Rainbow agar is a selective and differential chromogenic medium used to isolate pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains. However, it is challenging to differentiate colonies of the six representative pathogenic non-0157 Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) serogroups (026, 045, 0103, 0111, 0121 and 0145) on Rainbow agar due to the phenotypic differences and the presence of background microflora. Therefore, there is a need for a method or technology to objectively, rapidly and accurately perform high-throughput screening of non-0157 STEC colonies on agar plates. In this paper, we report the development of a visible-near infrared hyperspectral imaging technique and prediction model for differentiating colony types of the six non-0157 STEC serogroups in spread plates of pure cultures inoculated on Rainbow agar. The predic...
Probe into the T-Circuit Parameter Method for Field CTs Measurement

The paper carries out the large current error measurement for field CTs by T-circuit parameter method,compares its measured data with that of up-flow comparison method,and also makes a statistical analysis on the data.Based on which the paper analyzes the consistency,stability and repeatability of the measured data between by T-circuit parameter and up-flow comparison method.The results show that,after revising the measured data,the error of 0.2s large current measurement for the field CTs by T- circuit parameter method is basically identical with that of the up-flow comparison method.
Social work students in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: correlates of post-disaster substance use as a negative coping mechanism

AbstractSocial work students’ post-disaster coping while in the field is an important workforce issue with ethical implications. The current study utilized secondary data collected in a previous study examining post-disaster alcohol and other drug (AOD) use among social work student volunteers (N = 416) in the wake of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (HKR). The current sample included participants from the original study who responded to a single-item measure of AOD use as a negative coping mechanism (N = 290). The present study examined potential explanatory variables of AOD use in the aftermath of HKR, including demographic (age, gender, and race) and psychosocial characteristics (hurricane-related stressors, previous traumatic stressors, and post-traumatic stress). The multivariate logistic regression model distinguished between students who never or rarely used AOD and those who used AOD often to cope with HKR, accounting for 24% of model variance. Social work students who report post-disaster AOD use may ...
Impacts of Different Drainage Managements on Water Saving, Salt Balance and Nutrients Losses in the Harran Plain, South East Turkey

The impacts of varying drainage managements on salinization, nutrients leached and water savings in the Harran plain were determined. Controlled (CD) and free flow drainage (FD) systems were compared in terms of drainage water quality, the number and amounts of irrigation, degree of soil salinity. In CD area , total of 517 mm of water were applied, and drain flow was a total of 42 mm and drainage ratio was 8 %. In FD area, total of 490 mm of water were applied and total drainage water amounts reached to 61 mm and the drainage ratio was 12.5%, this was a value higher than that of attained from the other controlled drainage area. Varying drainage conditions do not have any significant effect on the plant nutrient element losses. However, the lessening in the amount of the drainage water, due to controlled drainage, will cause lessening also in the plant nutrient element losses. Both in draining conditions showed no significant variability in soil salinity.
Actomyosin interaction modulates resting length of unstimulated cardiac ventricular cells.

We sought to determine whether resting or diastolic cardiac myocyte length during low stimulation rates is regulated by myofilament interaction. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i, via indo 1 fl...
Clinical outcomes following corticosteroid administration in patients with delayed diagnosis of spinal arteriovenous fistulas

Background and purpose There have been several previously reported cases of acute progression of myelopathic symptoms in patients with spinal arteriovenous fistula (SAVF) treated with intravenous methylprednisolone. This usually occurs during or immediately following steroid administration. We examined a small case series of patients with SAVF treated with epidural, oral, or intravenous steroids to determine the association between steroid administration and clinical outcomes in these patients. Methods Following Institutional Review Board approval, we conducted a retrospective review of patients with angiographically-confirmed SAVF who received intravenous, oral, or epidural corticosteroids for treatment of their symptoms. We studied patient-reported motor and sensory function following steroid administration using both the modified Rankin Scale and the Aminoff Motor Disability Scale. Results Twenty-one patients with SAVF were included in this study. Thirteen patients (61.9%) had intravenous methylprednisolone administered, four patients (19.0%) had epidural steroid injections, and six patients (28.6%) had oral prednisone. Among patients who received intravenous methylprednisolone, seven (53.8%) reported acute worsening of symptoms during or immediately following steroid administration. Among the patients receiving epidural steroids, none reported worsening and one patient reported short-term relief. Among the patients receiving oral steroids, one reported acute worsening of symptoms. Worsened deficits did not consistently resolve after steroid discontinuation. Conclusions Our study suggests that intravenous methylprednisolone can cause immediate worsening of motor and sensory symptoms when administered to patients with SAVF. Steroid administration should be avoided in patients with a myelopathy secondary to an untreated SAVF because neurological worsening may not be fully reversible.
Maintenance and Reach of Exposure Psychotherapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 18 Months After Training.

This study examined aspects of clinicians’ work environment that facilitated sustained use of prolonged exposure (PE) therapy. Surveys were completed by 566 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs clinicians 6 and 18 months after intensive training in PE. The number of patients treated with PE at 18 months (reach) was modeled as a function of clinician demographics, clinician beliefs about PE, and work context factors. There were 342 clinicians (60.4%) who used PE at 6 and 18 months after training, 58 (10.2%) who used PE at 18 but not 6 months, 95 (16.7%) who used PE at 6 but not 18 months, and 71 (12.5%) who never adopted PE. Median reach was 12% of clinicians’ appointments with patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Reach was predicted by flow of interested patients (incident response ratio [IRR] = 1.21 to 1.51), PE's perceived effectiveness (IRR = 1.04 to 1.31), working in a PTSD specialty clinic (IRR = 1.06 to 1.26), seeing more patients weekly (IRR = 1.04 to 1.25), and seeing fewer patients in groups (IRR = 0.83 to 0.99). Most clinicians trained in PE sustained use of the treatment, but on a limited basis. Strategies to increase reach of PE should address organizational barriers and patient engagement.
IDENTIFYING THE ETIOLOGIES AND TRENDS OF 30 DAY READMISSIONS IN HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION (HFPEF) PATIENTS: A NATIONAL POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY

Introduction: Heart failure(HF)is the most common cause of hospital admissions in older population. More than half of the HF patients has preserved ejection fraction and there is limited data on the etiologies and trends of readmission in these patients. Methods: The study cohort was derived from
Seven Principles of Highly Effective Nuclear Energy Programs

This paper presents seven principles that demand consideration for any country using a nuclear power program or wanting to acquire such a program. These principles are assessing the overall energy system, determining effective use of financial resources for energy development, ensuring high safety standards, implementing best security practices, preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, managing radioactive waste in a safe and secure manner, and enacting a legal framework that encompasses the other principle areas. The paper applies management methods that underscore development of strong independent national capabilities integrated within an interdependent international system. The paper discusses the individual responsibilities of states in all seven principles and offers recommendations for how states can benefit from greater international cooperation in nuclear energy development.
Effects of Original XPC on Newly Weaned Beef Steer Growth Performance and Antioxidant Defense

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of increasing inclusions of Diamond V Original XPC, a yeast fermentation product, on newly weaned beef steer performance and antioxidant defense. There was no effect of Original XPC on growth performance in the current study; however, blood measures indicated greater antioxidant capacity and lesser oxidative stress for steers fed XPC at 14 g/d. Further research is needed to better understand how oxidative stress impacts animal performance and health as well as the optimum supplementation dose of XPC for newly received beef cattle.
Ablation of Ezh2 in neural crest cells leads to Hirschsprung's disease-like phenotype in mice

In the current study, we examined the role of Ezh2 as an epigenetic modifier for the enteric neural crest cell development through H3K27me3. Ezh2 conditional null mice were viable up to birth, but died within the first hour of life. In addition to craniofacial defects, Ezh2 conditional null mice displayed reduced number of ganglion cells in the enteric nervous system. RT-PCR and ChIP assays indicated aberrant up-regulation of Zic1, Pax3, andSox10 and loss of H3K27me3 marks in the promoter regions of these genes in the myenteric plexus. Overall, these results suggest that Ezh2 is an important epigenetic modifier for the enteric neural crest cell development through repression of Zic1, Pax3, andSox10.
Malleilactone is a Burkholderia pseudomallei virulence factor regulated by antibiotics and quorum sensing

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, encodes almost a dozen predicted polyketide (PK) biosynthetic gene clusters. Many of these are regulated by LuxR-I-type acyl-homoserine (AHL) quorum-sensing systems. One of the PK gene clusters, the mal gene cluster, is conserved in the close relative Burkholderia thailandensis The B. thailandensis mal genes code for the cytotoxin malleilactone and are regulated by a genetically linked LuxR-type transcription factor, MalR. Although AHLs typically interact with LuxR-type proteins to modulate gene transcription, the B. thailandensis MalR does not appear to be an AHL receptor. Here, we characterize the mal genes and MalR in B. pseudomallei We use chemical analyses to demonstrate that the B. pseudomallei mal genes code for malleilactone. Our results show that MalR and the mal genes contribute to the ability of B. pseudomallei to kill Caenorhabditis elegans In B. thailandensis, antibiotics like trimethoprim can activate MalR by driving transcription of the mal genes, and we demonstrate that some of the same antibiotics induce expression of B. pseudomallei malR We also demonstrate that B. pseudomallei MalR does not respond directly to AHLs. Our results suggest that MalR is indirectly repressed by AHLs, possibly through a repressor, ScmR. We further show that malleilactone is a B. pseudomallei virulence factor and provide the foundation for understanding how malleilactone contributes to the pathology of melioidosis infections.IMPORTANCE Many bacterially produced polyketides are cytotoxic to mammalian cells and are potentially important contributors to pathogenesis during infection. We are interested in the polyketide gene clusters present in Burkholderia pseudomallei, which causes the often-fatal human disease melioidosis. Using knowledge gained by studies in the close relative Burkholderia thailandensis, we show that one of the B. pseudomallei polyketide biosynthetic clusters produces a cytotoxic polyketide, malleilactone. Malleilactone contributes to B. pseudomallei virulence in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model and is regulated by an orphan LuxR family quorum-sensing transcription factor, MalR. Our studies demonstrate that malleilactone biosynthesis or MalR could be new targets for developing therapeutics to treat melioidosis.
Introduction to Psychology: Course Purposes, Learning Outcomes, and Assessment Practices

A robust literature has explored multiple facets of the introductory psychology course, but few studies have examined its purposes, student learning outcomes (SLOs), and assessment practices. The s...
Life-Threatening Allergies: Using a Patient-Engaged Approach

Abstract Background: Adolescents at risk for anaphylaxis are a growing concern. Novel training methods are needed to better prepare individuals to manage anaphylaxis in the community. Introduction: Didactic training as the sole method of anaphylaxis education has been shown to be ineffective. We developed a smartphone-based interactive teaching tool with decision support and epinephrine auto-injector (EAI) training to provide education accessible beyond the clinic. Methods: This study consisted of two parts: (1) Use of food allergy scenarios to assess the decision support's ability to improve allergic reaction management knowledge. (2) An assessment of our EAI training module on participant's ability to correctly demonstrate the use of an EAI by comparing it to label instructions. Results: Twenty-two adolescents were recruited. The median (range) baseline number of correct answers on the scenarios before the intervention was 9 (3–11). All subjects improved with decision support, increasing to 11 (9–12) (p...
Astrophysics, General Relativity and Cosmology

Up to about 1930 A.D. very little was known about the source of energy of the stars. The relativistic theory of astrophysics only started thirty to forty years ago. In these lectures we shall see how we have begun to learn about the formation of galaxies and galactic clusters, and about the birth and death of stars. We have now, more or less completely, understood what happens to stars after their nuclear energy has been used up. We shall be using field theory (mainly as embodied in general relativity theory i.e. gravitation) and quantum mechanics.
On the Orthogonality of Orbitals in Subsystem Kohn–Sham Density Functional Theory

Abstract A rigorous analysis of the requirements on orbitals of subsystems in the context of Kohn–Sham density functional theory is presented. It is found that conventional constrained electron density formulations, which neglect explicit consideration of orthogonality requirements between subsystems, are exactly correct only in the limit of infinitely separated subsystems. A new method is suggested that takes into account strictly orthogonality constraints and perspectives for its practical implementation are discussed. The performed analysis also provides a practical method for including corrections to conventional methods that approximately compensate for nonorthogonality. It is also shown that the same considerations apply to wave function-in-DFT embedding schemes.
Silicone degradation reactions.

Silicone (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) is generally a very stable polymer. Because of this, it is used in a wide variety of adverse environments such as those with high temperature or as electrical insulation. However, a great deal of this stability derives from the fact that hydrolysis reactions which occur are reversible and the polymer essentially heals itself. It is likely that such reversibility would not occur in the surface region where high concentrations of other components, such as water, can exist. Because of the significant concern about the fate of silicone released from breast implants in particular, it is important to understand the types of chemical changes which may occur in silicone upon exposure to physiological environments so that the data on various silicon-containing species can be correlated with other physiological studies on known compounds. Accordingly, this chapter will focus on the known silicone degradation reactions which occur within normal physiological ranges (37° and mixed aqueous environment). Various other studies will be drawn upon to evaluate the possible changes since the literature on silicone modification under physiological situations is sparse at this time. Three main reactions discussed are hydrolysis, oxidation, and addition.
Mixing rates in weakly differentiated stocks of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the Gulf of Mexico

The greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) is a commercially and recreationally important marine fish species in the southeastern United States, where it has been historically managed as two non-mixing stocks (Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic). Mark-recapture studies and analysis of mitochondrial DNA have suggested the two stocks are demographically independent; however, little is currently known about when and where spawning occurs in Gulf of Mexico amberjack, and whether stock mixture occurs on breeding grounds. The primary objective of this study was to quantify stock mixture among breeding populations of amberjack collected from the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Genetic data based on 11 loci identified very low, though statistically significant differentiation among Gulf of Mexico samples (GST = 0.007, $$G_{{{\text{ST}}}}^{\prime }$$ = 0.009; all P = 0.001) and between reproductive adults collected from two spawning areas (GST = 0.007, $$G_{{{\text{ST}}}}^{\prime }$$ = 0.014; all P = 0.001). Naive Bayesian mixture analysis supported a single genetic cluster [p(S|data) = 0.734] whereas trained clustering (using Atlantic and Gulf spawning fish) gave the highest support to a two-cluster model (p(S|data) = 1.0). Our results support the argument that the genetic structuring of greater amberjack is more complex than the previously assumed two, non-mixing stock model. Although our data provide evidence of limited population structure, we argue in favour of non-panmixia among reproductive fish collected from the Gulf of Mexico and Florida Keys.
Adsorption of gold from iodide solution by activated carbon

The adsorption of gold onto activated carbon in iodide solutions was studied. The adsorption rates were determined as a function of temperature, salt concentration and pH, as well as activated carbon concentration. A kinetic model was developed for the adsorption. The adsorption rate was believed to be controlled by a combined mechanism of film diffusion and pore diffusion with the film diffusion having the most significant effect. Experimental findings were in good agreement with the model developed. The apparent activation energy was found to be 14.9 kJ/mol.
Information-Theoretic Matrix Inequalities and Diffusion Processes on Unimodular Lie Groups

Unimodular Lie groups admit natural generalizations of many of the core concepts on which classical information-theoretic inequalities are built. Specifically, they have the properties of shift-invariant integration, an associative convolution operator, well-defined diffusion processes, and concepts of Entropy, Fisher information, Gaussian distribution, and Fourier transform. Equipped with these definitions, it is shown that many inequalities from classical information theory generalize to this setting. Moreover, viewing the Fourier transform for noncommutative unimodular Lie groups as a matrix-valued function, relationships between trace inequalities, diffusion processes, and convolution are examined.
Rwandacoin: Prospects and challenges of developing a cryptocurrency for transactions in Rwanda.

The use of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum in performing online transactions has been on the rise in the world. Africa as a continent is not left out in the adoption of blockchain and cryptocurrencies. This paper explores the prospects and challenges of developing a cryptocurrency in Rwanda which we denote Rwandacoin. In addition, the paper discusses the potentials of Rwandacoin easing intercountry trading in East Africa.
Diffusion weighted imaging of esthesioneuroblastoma: Differentiation from other sinonasal masses.

BACKGROUND Differentiating esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) from other sinonasal tumors is difficult by MRI. We tested whether diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) could distinguish ENB from other sinonasal tumors. METHODS Hundred forty-six patients underwent sinonasal MRI, 75 with technically successful DWI. Pathology: 18 ENB (24%), 34 (45%) other malignant tumors, and 23 (31%) benign lesions. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were calculated. RESULTS Average ADC and normalized ADC of ENB (1.22 × 10-3 ± 0.28 mm2 /s and 1.55 ± 0.36, respectively) were higher than other malignancies (0.98 × 10-3 ± 0.18 mm2 /s and 1.31 ± 0.29, P = .002 and P = .034) and lower than benign disease (1.92 × 10-3 ± 0.33 mm2 /s and 2.44 ± 0.50, P < .0001). ADC differentiated ENB from benign disease with 91% sensitivity and 83% specificity. An ADC cutoff of 1.1 × 10-3 mm2 /s differentiated other malignancies from ENB with 72% sensitivity and 85% specificity. CONCLUSIONS DWI is useful in distinguishing ENB from other sinonasal disease.
Allocutive agreement in Korean under cyclic Agree

Korean is a language known to lack agreement, but there is one salient agreement that happens: honorific agreement. A basic example is that whenever the subject is suffixed with an honorifying nominal form, -kkeyse , it agrees with a verbal suffix, -si . The condition for honorific agreement is that the subject must have an honorifying feature [+hon] and has to be [+human]. Nevertheless, I newly introduce a case where honorifying verbal suffix -si is used even when the subject does not have a [+hon, +human] feature. I suggest that this is a type of allocutive agreement (i.e., morphosyntactic agreement with the hearer). Based on Speech Act projection suggested by Haegeman & Hill (2013), I propose a structural representation that integrates discourse participants into syntactic representation. I also predict the phenomenon by adopting the framework of cyclic Agree proposed by Bejar & Rezac (2009).
Topological Organic Chemistry. 10. Graph Theory and Topological Indices of Conformational Isomers

Distance matrices constructed from valence and vertex weighted graphs were the sources of modified information that recognized and quantified conformational isomerism exhibited by linear organic molecules. An algorithm is presented that defines the relative complexities of conformers.
Tilapia Consumption and Scombroid Poisoning

Scombroid poisoning, also known as histamine fish poisoning, typically occurs after eating dark meat fish. Higher levels of histidine, which is converted to histamine, causes anaphylaxis-like symptoms upon ingestion. There are few reported cases of scombroid in humans secondary to light meat fish. We present a case secondary to tilapia consumption.
Liquid cadmium cathode performance model based on the equilibrium behaviors of U and Pu in molten LiCl–KCl/Cd system at 500°C

Abstract The liquid cadmium cathode is a pyroprocessing technology used for the recovery of group actinide metals from the molten chloride salts that support uranium electrorefining. This article presents a model for the performance of a liquid cadmium cathode based on considerations of salt/alloy equilibrium thermodynamics, Cd–U-Pu phase diagram behaviors, and mass balance constraints. The model demonstrates how the salt/cadmium system responds as incremental additions of uranium are made to the liquid cadmium cathode.
CT Material Identification

Technical advances in CT imaging have improved ability to discriminate different materials, going beyond the attenuation imaging provided by most current systems. Nowadays, dual-energy CT systems allow for material identification and quantification providing qualitative and quantitative information about tissue composition and contrast agent distribution. This chapter explores the general principles of material decomposition analysis, as well as the technical implementations of single- and dual-source CT systems and the clinical advantages and prospects.
Solvent-assisted linker exchange enabled preparation of cerium-based metal–organic frameworks constructed from redox active linkers

Cerium-based MOFs have shown much potential in fields such as catalysis and gas separation. However, hexanuclear Ce(IV) node MOFs are challenging to form in the presence of redox active species due to the ease of formation of Ce3+ in solution. Here, a facile solvent-assisted linker exchange procedure was developed to functionalize Ce-UiO-66 with amine and hydroxyl groups to produce MOFs that were unachievable via de novo methods. The resulting functionalized MOFs showed enhanced catalytic activity when testing the hydrolysis of the nerve agent simulant, dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate. By using an amine functionalized analogue of Ce-UiO-66, the hydrolysis rate was nearly doubled. With this study, we demonstrated that solvent-assisted linker exchange (SALE) is an effective tool to incorporate redox active linkers in Ce based MOFs that are otherwise unattainable de novo.
Big data and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM): What’s state of the art?

Big data and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a new interdisciplinary field quietly emerging in Chinese society. Internet of Things (IoT) sensor system technology is currently being developed to gather large volumes of personal data so that TCM, specifically herbal pharmaceutics, can be applied to treat acute and chronic diseases alike utilizing low cost, safe, and effective treatment protocols that have been prescribed in clinical practice for thousands of years. Through a survey of existing literature, this paper investigates what a future state of medicine may look like with the deployment of a big data TCM system as a means to enhance humankind’s health and quality of life.
iPSC-derived hepatocytes from patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease display a disease-specific gene expression profile

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of liver disease worldwide.1 Animal models are widely used to investigate the mechanisms of fatty liver disease, but they do not faithfully represent NAFLD in humans.2 Thus, there is strong interest in studying NAFLD pathogenesis directly in humans whenever possible. One strategy that is gaining momentum is to utilize iPSC-derived hepatocytes from individual human subjects in complex cell/organ platforms with the goal of reproducing a NAFLD-like state in vitro.3-6 Our group has taken a different approach, positing that iPSC-Heps from a population of NAFLD patients would provide independent insight into the human disease. In this study we generated iPSCs and iPSC-Heps from a well-defined cohort of NAFLD patients. Our objective was to determine whether as a group, in the absence of any metabolic challenge, they exhibit common disease-specific signatures that are distinct from healthy controls.
Addendum to Killeen's (2019) Bidding for Delayed Rewards

Killeen (2019) portrayed an intimate relation between diverse economic indices, in particular compensation functions, discount functions, and demand functions. The article bemused some experts, however, by its counterintuitive prediction of an increase in the amount bid as the delay increased. Furthermore, the article failed to provide an explicit treatment of the small-soon versus large-late choice paradigm, to cite several papers that provided precedent for the current work, and to demonstrate the adequacy of his expenditure functions for data on purchasing decisions. These shortcomings are remedied in the current note, and some additional extensions offered.
Self-regulation gains in kindergarten related to frequency of green schoolyard use

Abstract Self-regulation in early childhood is linked with later academic success and general well-being. Therefore, there is great interest in supporting its development. Exposure to nature has been linked with many positive outcomes, including enhanced attentional functioning, which may be an underlying resource in self-regulation. Employing a quasi-experimental design, we examined the relationship between exposure to green schoolyards and Kindergarten students' self-regulation after a one-semester intervention. One study was conducted during the winter/spring semester and included 135 students (mean age baseline = 5.0) within three schools. The other study took place during the fall and included 250 students (mean age baseline = 4.3) within six schools. Two classes at each school were assigned to engage in curriculum in greenspaces at a prescribed rate – one at a Low Frequency (once weekly), and one at a High Frequency (daily). Students' self-regulation was measured at baseline and the end of the intervention using a standardized performance measure (Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders Task) and educator rating scale (Child Behavior Rating Scale). Generally, girls in classes engaging in curriculum in greenspaces daily scored higher on measures of self-regulation post-intervention, controlling for baseline scores, than did girls engaging at a low frequency. Furthermore, students who spent more minutes in greenspaces weekly tended to score higher post-intervention, although this relationship was more consistent for girls than boys. Results suggest that green schoolyards support children's self-regulation development, and the higher the frequency of visits, and the more minutes weekly, the greater the gains.
‘We have the same enemies’: Simone de Beauvoir and the silent feminism of C. Wright Mills

During the last two decades, there has been a surge of interdisciplinary interest in the writings of the radical twentieth-century sociologist C. Wright Mills, and one of the central issues in this...
Untreated dental disease and lung transplant waitlist evaluation time for individuals with cystic fibrosis.

AIMS Dental clearance is typically part of the evaluation process prior to placement on the lung transplant waiting list. Individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) are thought to be at low risk for dental disease. We hypothesized that individuals with CF in need of lung transplantation would have lower dental disease prevalence and shorter waitlist evaluation time than individuals with non-CF lung diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a retrospective study of individuals who received a lung transplant between 2011 and 2017 at the University of Washington (Seattle, WA, USA) (N = 280). Untreated dental disease was assessed by the individual's dentist. Waitlist evaluation time was defined as the time, in days, from the initial evaluation by a transplant pulmonologist to placement on the lung transplant waiting list. We used logistic and linear regression models for hypothesis testing. The prevalence of untreated dental disease did not differ by CF status (p = 0.99). There was no difference in waitlist evaluation time for transplant recipients by CF status (p = 0.78) or by dental disease status (p = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide further evidence that individuals with CF are not at low risk for dental disease. Ensuring optimal oral health is important for all individuals with lung diseases.
Multi-Aperture Space-Time Transmit and Receive Design for MIMO Radar

We consider the joint transmit and receive design for multi-input multi-output radar with slow-time processing. The radar employs multiple transmit apertures to improve diversity. The design parameters include the spatial transmit code for each aperture, which varies from pulse to pulse to provide Doppler shaping, and the space-time receive filter, to jointly optimize the radar output signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR). To relieve the dependence on specific target parameters as required by some prior methods, we use the average SINR, averaged with respect to the target location/Doppler uncertainties, as the design metric. Simulation results show that our proposed multi-aperture solution outperforms a previous single-aperture based space-time transmit and receive design as well as the conventional phased-array radar.
Treatment options for advanced urothelial cancer after progression on chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors: a literature review

Objective To describe the current treatment landscape in advanced urothelial cancer (aUC)/metastatic urothelial cancer and in particular to review the relevant literature highlighting recent advances in the treatment of patients with aUC after progression on chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Background aUC is a very aggressive disease with poor outcomes. Over the past several years, its treatment landscape has seen significant advances with the approval of ICI and targeted agents, which have led to improved outcomes. The current standard of care for most patients with aUC involves platinum-based chemotherapy followed by ICI after progression or as switch maintenance therapy (if no progression after chemotherapy). Treatment of patients following progression on ICI is more challenging, but novel therapies have been approved, such as erdafitinib for tumors with fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) or FGFR3 activating mutation or fusion (can also be used following progression on platinum-based chemotherapy), enfortumab vedotin (EV) and sacituzumab govitecan (SG) in an unselected patient population. Many other trials in this space are currently ongoing and other promising agents may also potentially become available in the future. Methods Narrative overview of the recent literature relevant to the treatment of advanced/metastatic urothelial cancer following progression on chemotherapy and ICI was undertaken. Relevant literature was obtained from review of computerized databases including pubmed.gov and proceedings of major conferences including American Society of clinical Oncology (ASCO) Meetings, GU ASCO Symposia and European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) Meetings. Conclusions In this narrative review, we highlight the current dynamic treatment landscape in aUC, emphasizing the recent important developments and a few examples of ongoing clinical trials. In particular, we focus on therapy options available following progression on platinum-based chemotherapy and ICI, a treatment space where until recently there had been no FDA-approved treatment options. The recent pivotal trials of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) that led to FDA approvals in this space are highlighted, as are other agents currently in development. We conclude by discussing future directions and ongoing challenges in this evolving disease space.
A Dynamic Power Capping Library for HPC Applications

As HPC systems increase in scale and capability, the cost of supplying power to these systems grows significantly. This introduces the urgent need for energy efficient computing through the management of power consumption. The PowerStack initiative defines a holistic power management framework at three levels, i.e., at the cluster level, the job level, and the node level [1] –[3]. It is expected that a cluster will be given a system-wide power budget (aka an allocated power budget), which can be intelligently managed and distributed at the job and node levels. Our work provides a method for intelligently managing node-level power during execution.
Exploring Temporal Evaluations of Interpersonal Social Media Surveillance During the COVID-19 Lockdown

The occurrence of the novel coronavirus necessitates a better understanding of how romantic partners use social technology to cope with health stressors. This exploratory study, therefore, examined whether COVID-related health concerns regarding oneself or one?s romantic partner before/during quarantine predict, or are predicted by, emerging adults? engagement in social media surveillance of their romantic partner. Participants (N = 181 emerging adults in a romantic relationship) responded to online surveys at two points during spring 2020. Findings from a cross-lagged analysis indicate that COVID-related health concerns for oneself before stay-at-home orders predicted emerging adult?s participation in social media surveillance of a romantic partner during COVID quarantine. This study serves as an initial inquiry into how health-related concerns impact technology use in romantic relationships and how they serve to modify digital participation during a global crisis (i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic). Limitations, future research directions, and implications of the study are discussed.
GRAVITY MODEL BASED ON PERCEIVED TRAVELTIMES

The purpose of this work is to show that while the minimum path travel time may be a good estimator of average travel time, it does not account for the perception differences between individual travellers. To demonstrate this, a strong statistical relationship (called the Minimum Path Deviation Function) between network-derived minimum path travel times and the corresponding disaggregate origin-destination survey data is developed. It is possible to predict the travel times perceived by various categories of the users of that system. The derivation of the MPDF from Los Angeles Regional Transportation Study (LARTS) data is described in some detail and a modification of the traditional gravity model is shown. Both the standard and modified model forms are tested using data from a subset of the LARTS area in northwest Orange County. Results of the testing showed that the MPDF gravity model performed slightly better than the standard gravity model.
Optimizing the Management of Uneven-Aged Spruce-Fir Stands While Preserving Structural Diversity

The National Forest Management Act of 1976 (NFMA) final rule for the National Forest System of the United States contains the following mandate for forest managers: Management prescriptions, where appropriate and to the extent practicable, shall preserve and enhance the diversity of plant and animal communities, including endemic and desirable naturalized plant and animal species, so that it is at least as great as that which would be expected in a natural forest and the diversity of tree species similar to that existing in the planning area (NFMA, §219.27(g) p. 43051–43052).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing: A target for antipa thogenic drug discovery

Publisher Summary Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) can be isolated from soil and water. It is an opportunistic pathogen of humans, other animals, and plants. One of the reasons that P. aeruginosa is a successful opportunistic pathogen is that it produces a battery of secreted virulence factors. These virulence factors include exoproteases, siderophores, exotoxins, and lipases. Many of these virulence factors are regulated by quorum sensing. Genetic studies have revealed two quorum-sensing systems in P. aeruginosa : the LasR-I and RhlR-I quorum sensing systems. Both these systems have linked R and I genes. A DNA sequence with dyad symmetry called a lux -box-like sequence can easily be identified in the promoter regions of many quorum-sensing controlled (qsc) genes. By analogy to other acyl-HSL quorum sensing systems it is deduced that the lux -box like sequences function as binding sites for LasR and RhlR. It is not yet clear how RhlR and LasR discriminate between their respective binding sites. Moreover, many genes show partial activation with either LasR or RhlR and the appropriate acyl-HSL.
Pillared layered structures (PLS): From microporous to nano-phase materials

Since their discovery in the 1970's, Pillared Layered Structures (PLS) have been evaluated for numerous catalytic applications. Though FCC and other refinery processes still constitute the greatest area of investigation, these materials are now being explored for applications as fine chemical and environmental catalysts. Much of this work has centered around the smectite clays. Layered non-alumino silicate inorganic oxides containing manganese, titanium and niobium, with the potential for redox chemistry form an exciting new area of PLS catalysis though a subtantial number of these materials have yet to be tested as actual catalysts. Recent investigations into the pillared pure silicates hint that these materials constitute a transition between the pillared interlayer clays and the new surfactant-induced nano-phase materials.
Parallel relay‐assisted three‐phase MIMO space division multiple access transmission for multi‐hop throughput improvement

SUMMARY Multi-hop communications equipped with parallel relay nodes is an emerging network scenario visible in environments with high node density. Conventional interference-free medium access control (MAC) has little capability in utilizing such parallel relays because it essentially prohibits the existence of co-channel interference and limits the feasibility of concurrent communications. This paper aims at presenting a cooperative multi-input multi-output (MIMO) space division multiple access (SDMA) design that uses each hop's parallel relay nodes to improve multi-hop throughput performance. Specifically, we use MIMO and SDMA to enable concurrent transmissions (from multiple Tx nodes to single/multiple Rx nodes) and suppress simultaneous links' co-channel interference. As a joint physical layer (MAC/PHY) solution, our design has multiple MAC modules including load balancing that uniformly splits traffic packets at parallel relay nodes and multi-hop scheduling taking co-channel interference into consideration. Meanwhile, our PHY layer modules include distributive channel sounding that exchanges channel information in a decentralized manner and link adaptation module estimating instantaneous link rate per time frame. Simulation results validate that compared with interference-free MAC or existing Mitigating Interference using Multiple Antennas (MIMA-MAC), our proposed design can improve end-to-end throughput by around 30% to 50%. In addition, we further discuss its application on extended multi-hop topology. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What Are Libraries Seeking in New Hires

ABSTRACT A paper originally presented at the 65th annual meeting of the Music Library Association Midwest Chapter, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 6, 2006, discussing some of the less frequently mentioned characteristics (other than degrees, experience, and skills) that a library administrator might look for in candidates for entry-level library positions, both in and out of music librarianship.
Performance improvement with peripheral versus central precuing

Abstract Cheal (1993) misinterprets my original article (Chastain 1992b) as suggesting that any difference in initial attention effects with peripheral and central precues is due to lateral masking with the former. Instead, my article dealt with the influence of lateral masking on the apparent time course of attention build-up with the two types of precue, after attention effects become evident with each.
Widespread occurrence of (per)chlorate in the Solar System

Abstract Perchlorate ( ClO 4 − ) and chlorate ( ClO 3 − ) are ubiquitous on Earth and ClO 4 − has also been found on Mars. These species can play important roles in geochemical processes such as oxidation of organic matter and as biological electron acceptors, and are also indicators of important photochemical reactions involving oxyanions; on Mars they could be relevant for human habitability both in terms of in situ resource utilization and potential human health effects. For the first time, we extracted, detected and quantified ClO 4 − and ClO 3 − in extraterrestrial, non-planetary samples: regolith and rock samples from the Moon, and two chondrite meteorites (Murchison and Fayetteville). Lunar samples were collected by astronauts during the Apollo program, and meteorite samples were recovered immediately after their fall. This fact, together with the heterogeneous distribution of ClO 4 − and ClO 3 − within some of the samples, and their relative abundance with respect to other soluble species (e.g., NO 3 − ) are consistent with an extraterrestrial origin of the oxychlorine species. Our results, combined with the previously reported widespread occurrence on Earth and Mars, indicate that ClO 4 − and ClO 3 − could be present throughout the Solar System.
Depression and stress amongst undergraduate medical students

The demands placed on medical trainees pose a challenge to personal wellbeing, leading to burnout and erosion of empathy. However, it is unclear at what point in medical education this decline begins. Although many schools have begun to design and implement wellness programs for their students, the medical education community’s experience in evaluating their impact is limited. The authors designed a wellness needs assessment of all medical students at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in order to assess students’ health behaviors, stress and depressive symptoms. The online survey was administered to all medical students from the classes of 2014 and 2015 at the beginning of their first year of medical school and again at the end of their third year. Chi-square and T-tests were run comparing the survey responses of the two classes. There was a significant increase in perceived stress from an average of 5.51 in the first year to 6.49 in the third year (p = .0001). The number of students at risk for depression, defined as a CES-D score greater than 16, was 94 (28.4 %) in the first year and 131 (39.0 %) in their third year (p = .004). This study demonstrates a significant increase in the proportion of students at risk for depression in their third year as compared to the first year as well as an increase in perceived stress. In response to these findings, the authors took a multi-disciplinary approach in the development of a comprehensive program to address student wellness, including efforts to address issues specific to the clinical clerkships. This program is unique in that its design, inception and ongoing evaluation have taken the needs of an entire medical school class into account.
Real-time magnetic resonance imaging-guided frameless stereotactic brain biopsy: technical note

OBJECT The object of this study was to assess the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of real-time MRI-compatible frameless stereotactic brain biopsy. METHODS Clinical, imaging, and histological data in consecutive patients who underwent stereotactic brain biopsy using a frameless real-time MRI system were analyzed. RESULTS Five consecutive patients (4 males, 1 female) were included in this study. The mean age at biopsy was 45.8 years (range 29–60 years). Real-time MRI permitted concurrent display of the biopsy cannula trajectory and tip during placement at the target. The mean target depth of biopsied lesions was 71.3 mm (range 60.4–80.4 mm). Targeting accuracy analysis revealed a mean radial error of 1.3 ± 1.1 mm (mean ± standard deviation), mean depth error of 0.7 ± 0.3 mm, and a mean absolute tip error of 1.5 ± 1.1 mm. There was no correlation between target depth and absolute tip error (Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, r = 0.22). All biopsy cannulae were placed at the target with a singl...