cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impulsive brightenings and velocity transients in prominences: I. Large events

Observations of quiescent prominences with the Zeiss Universal Birefringent Filter at Sacramento Peak show short-lived brightenings and velocity transients in Hα and D3. The larger events range in area from 25 to 170 square arc sec, have lifetimes of approximately 30 min, velocities of 30 km s−1, and total energy excesses up to 7 × 1027 ergs. These events do not disrupt the stable structure of the prominence, and are interpreted as either condensation events or low energy flares.
Potts models: Density of states and mass gap from Monte Carlo calculations

Monte Carlo simulations are performed for first-order phase-transition models. The three-dimensional three-state Potts model has a weak first-order transition. For this model we calculate the density of states on {ital L}{sup 3} block lattices ({ital L} up to size 36) and obtain high-precision estimates for the leading partition-function zeros. The finite-size-scaling analysis of the first zero exhibits the expected convergence of the critical exponent {nu} toward 1/{ital D} for large {ital L}; in particular, we find {nu}=2.955(26) from our two largest lattices. Analysis of our specific-heat {ital C}{sub {ital v}} data yields {ital l}=0.080 31(26) for the latent heat. Along another line of approach, we calculate the mass gap {ital m}=1/{xi} ({xi} is the correlation length) for cylindrical {ital L}{sup 2}{ital L}{sub {ital z}} lattices ({ital L} up to 24 and {ital L}{sub {ital z}}=256). The finite size-scaling analysis of these results is also consistent with the convergence of {nu} toward 1/{ital D}, but that the limiting value is 1/{ital D} is not yet conclusively established. Some theoretical arguments favor {nu}{r arrow}0 in case of a first-order transition in a cylindrical {ital L}{sup {ital D}{minus}1}{infinity} geometry. Therefore, we also applied our approach to the 2D ten-state Potts model, which ismore » known to have a strong first-order transition. In this case we find unambiguous evidence in favor of 1/{ital D} as the limiting value.« less
COPD and Endobronchial Polyposis Associated with Hypogammaglobulinemia : Are Proteolytic Enzymes Involved?

The present report describes a patient who had severe obstructive lung disease in association with acquired hypogammaglobulinemia. Evidence obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage is presented that suggests that his lung disease resulted from both a marked increase in elastase load and a reduction in protease inhibitor function.
MVS Dynamic Reconfiguration Management

This paper presents an overview of the Dynamic Reconfiguration Management (DRM) function of MVS/ESA™ and its support of the IBM Enterprise System/9000™ family of machines. Dynamic Reconfiguration Management is the ability to select a new I/O configuration definition without needing to perform a power-on reset (POR) of the hardware or an initial program load (IPL) of the MVS operating system. Dynamic Reconfiguration Management allows the installation to add, delete, or modify definitions for channel paths, control units, and I/O devices, in both the software and hardware I/O configurations.
Thermotropic Copolyesters Containing the Bicyclo [2.2.2]Octane Ring System

Abstract A number of thermotropic copolyesters which contain the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and bicyclo[2.2.2] oct-2-ene ring systems have been synthesized. In order to decrease the melting temperatures to below the decomposition points, the following approaches were used: (1) sebacoyl flexible spacers; (2) ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol to form flexible spacer units; (3) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylenedimethylene and 1,4-phenylenedimethylene semiflexible spacers; and (4) the lower symmetry bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene ring system as a replacement for the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane ring system. The polycondensation of terephthaloyl chloride and bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-1,4-diol resulted in the formation of a thermotropic homopolyester.
Picosecond excitation of jet-cooled pyrazine: magnetic field effects on the fluorescence decay and quantum beats

Quantum beats and fluorescence decays of the vibrationless S_1 state of jet-cooled pyrazine have been studied as a function of magnetic field. Fourier analysis of the modulated portions of these decays has yielded results which are consistent with first- and second-order Zeeman effects occurring in the excited state. An increase in the number of triplets states effectively coupled to the singlet manifold with increasing magnetic field is discussed in terms of Zeeman interactions.
Antagonism of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Attenuates Cutaneous Vasodilation During Whole Body Heat Stress and Local Warming in Humans

We hypothesized that nitric oxide activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) participates in cutaneous vasodilation during whole body heat stress and local skin warming. We examined the effects o...
Use of the method of diatomics-in-molecules in fitting ab initio potential surfaces:the system HeH + 2

Abstract We present here an illustration of how a semi-empirical method can be used to represent a potential energy surface obtained from an ab initio calculation. A simple equation derived from the diatomics-in-molecules (DIM) formalism is fit to an ab initio collinear potential surface for HeH+2, and the resulting potential function is used to construct a surface for non-linear geometries.
— Invited Paper — Backscatter Communication and RFID: Coding, Energy, and MIMO Analysis

Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is intended to supplant legacy (optical) bar code scanning technology found in many logistic and retail applications. RFID is distinguished by inexpensive, low power and compact form factor tags, whose longevity and efficacy are predicated on using passive communication techniques and on-tag power harvesting. Such tags employ backscatter modulation, which does not require any active RF components. As a result, backscatter has become an attractive design choice for short-range communications in power constrained wireless sensor networking scenarios. The purpose of this work is two-fold. First, it aims to expose backscatter communication as an emerging topic to a communication systems-theoretic audience. Since backscatter modulation and on-tag power harvesting efficiency are coupled, it is necessary to re-examine notions of power and spectral efficiency from an energy-constraint perspective; this leads to novel coded modulation schemes for future RFID systems. Further, we investigate RFID MIMO systems where the channel fading encountered has different statistics than the classical Rayleigh fading model. In turn,the trade off between diversity order and spatial multiplexing gains are distinct from wide-area MIMO.
Commentary on an article by Harry K.W. Kim, MD, MSc, FRCSC, et al.: "How much varus is optimal with proximal femoral osteotomy to preserve the femoral head in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease?".

Few disorders in pediatric orthopaedics are as confusing for families and physicians as Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, which is diagnosed by exclusion and has an unknown etiology. Its symptoms wax and wane. In some patients, the hip heals well after a few years, yet other young adults develop early hip degeneration. Some of our treatments may not help. Much of our knowledge about this condition has come from Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children and from Dr. Harry Kim. This group has contributed an understanding of the biology of the disorder—that it is characterized by early predominance of bone resorption with delayed reossification. Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children has also led the way in the study of the clinical aspects of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease with their two-decade-long, surgeon-randomized, prospective treatment study (a subset of which is the focus of this article)1. The current state of our clinical research and practice is to restrict active treatment to those children who really need it and to avoid unwanted effects of our surgical treatment. The article by Kim …
Texture evolution during dynamic recrystallization in a magnesium alloy at 450 °C

Abstract During thermomechanical processing of wrought magnesium alloys, the microstructure and texture continue to evolve as dynamic recrystallization (DRX) proceeds. New grains generated by DRX with a low dislocation density also participate in the texture evolution as the strain increases. However, the controlling mechanisms that drive the evolution are not yet understood. In this work, we studied texture evolution in an extruded Mg–Al–Mn alloy (AM30) during uniaxial compression at 450 °C and under various strain rates ( e 1.0 s - 1 ) . The tests were performed along the extrusion direction (ED) and the radial direction (RaD), respectively. Texture evolution was examined by electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction at different strains. At e 0.1 s - 1 , the effect of twinning was negligible. At e = 0.5 s - 1 , a high volume fraction of twins were activated but the twins were consumed by DRX as the strain increased. At e = 0.8 s - 1 , twins were not completely consumed by DRX, and the remaining twins had highly incoherent twin boundaries and contributed to the texture. In compression along the ED and with strain rates of ⩽0.5 s−1, prismatic slip dominated the texture evolution, and the final orientations clustered around 〈 1 0 1 ‾ 0 〉 ‖ ED and 〈 2 1 ‾ 1 ‾ 0 〉 || ED, resulting in two stable orientations with a 30° misorientation. At 0.8 s−1, basal and pyramidal slip began to dominate the texture evolution at larger strain. In compression along the RaD, basal and pyramidal slip dominated the texture evolution, creating a texture located near 〈 1 0 1 ‾ 2 〉 – 〈 1 0 1 ‾ 5 〉 – 〈 2 1 ‾ 1 ‾ 9 〉 – 〈 2 1 ‾ 1 ‾ 5 〉 and 〈 1 0 1 ‾ 0 〉 – 〈 2 1 ‾ 1 ‾ 0 〉 in the inverse pole figure. Texture simulations based on the Sachs and the viscoplastic self-consistent models show a satisfactory correlation between texture evolution and deformation modes.
Explication as a lens for the formalization of mathematical theory through guided reinvention

Abstract Realistic Mathematics Education supports students’ formalization of their mathematical activity through guided reinvention. To operationalize “formalization” in a proof-oriented instructional context, I adapt Sjogren's (2010) claim that formal proof explicates (Carnap, 1950) informal proof. Explication means replacing unscientific or informal concepts with scientific ones. I use Carnap's criteria for successful explication – similarity, exactness, and fruitfulness – to demonstrate how the elements of mathematical theory – definitions, axioms, theorems, proofs – can each explicate their less formal correlates. This lens supports an express goal of the instructional project, which is to help students coordinate semantic (informal) and syntactic (formal) mathematical activity. I demonstrate the analytical value of the explication lens by applying it to examples of students’ mathematical activity drawn from a design experiment in undergraduate, neutral axiomatic geometry. I analyze the chains of meanings (Thompson, 2013) that emerged when formal elements were presented readymade alongside those emerging from guided reinvention.
Fibrinogen amyloidosis: the clot thickens!

In this issue of Blood, Stangou et al discuss a possible role for hepatorenal transplantation in the management of patients with fibrinogen amyloidosis, based on a detailed evaluation of 22 patients, the largest group to date. 1 The authors also considerably expand the current phenotypic description of fibrinogen amyloidosis, including their interpretation of previously unrecognized disease manifestations and risks.
Stress Corrosion Crack Growth in NiCrMoV Turbine Disc Steels

Abstract A study was made of the effects of metallurgical and environment variables on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) propagation rates in NiCrMoV turbine disc steels. Constant displacement tests, using wedge-opening-load (WOL) specimens, were performed on steels with yield strengths in the range of 627 to 1124 MPa. One steel was temper-embrittled to study the effect of phosphorus segregation on SCC growth rates. All tests were made at 157 C in either pure water environments, or environments containing common ionic turbine contaminants (NaCl and NaOH) and gaseous turbine contaminants (air, oxygen, and carbon dioxide). Crack growth occurred in all of these environments, although growth rates decreased with increasing environment purity. Estimated field crack growth rates were in close agreement with rates obtained in deaerated pure water. Crack growth was always intergranular, except in aerated pure water, when it was transgranular. Crack growth rates were found to increase with increasing yield strength....
Confocal imaging of intracellular chloride in living brain slices: measurement of GABAA receptor activity

We have developed a method using UV laser-scanning confocal microscopy and the fluorescent chloride ion indicator, 6-methoxy-N-ethylquinolinium chloride (MEQ), to image GABA-mediated changes in intracellular chloride (Cli-) in individual neurons of the rat acute brain slice. After bath-loading slices with the cell-permeant form (reduced) of MEQ, there was intense fluorescence within neurons of diverse morphologies in the hippocampus, neocortex and cerebellum. MEQ fluorescence localized to the cytosolic compartment of both the somata and proximal dendrites. MEQ fluorescence was calibrated using the ionophores nigericin and tributyltin in the presence of varying extracellular Cl- concentrations. Neuronal MEQ fluorescence was inversely related to intracellular Cl-, with a Stern-Volmer constant of 16 M-1 (50% quench by 61 mM Cl-). Application of GABA in the perfusate produced a concentration-dependent decrease in MEQ fluorescence (EC50 = 40 microM) that was blocked in the presence of the Cl- channel antagonist, picrotoxin. Bath perfusion of hippocampal slices with modulators of the GABAA receptor, pentobarbital and diazepam, potentiated the GABA-mediated response by 85 and 44%, respectively. A regional comparison identified larger GABA responses for both cerebellar Purkinje and granule cells relative to pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus and neocortex and to hippocampal interneurons. Pressure ejection of the GABAA agonist, muscimol (40 microM), from a micropipet onto individual hippocampal neurons allowed the measurement of rapid responses (1-5 s), compared to those obtained with bath application. Thus, optical imaging of [Cl-]i using MEQ and UV-laser-scanning confocal microscopy provides investigators with a new method to study GABAA pharmacology in neighboring neurons and perhaps even in the soma versus dendrites simultaneously, within living brain slices.
Effects of phyllosilicate clay on the metabolic profile of aflatoxin B1 in Fischer-344 rats

The phyllosilicate clay, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS), has been shown to prevent aflatoxicosis in farm animals by reducing the bioavailability of aflatoxin. The present study was designed to determine the effects of HSCAS on the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in an aflatoxin-sensitive species. Male Fischer-344 rats were orally dosed with 1.0, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 mg AFB1/kg body weight alone and in combination with 0.5% HSCAS. Urine samples were collected after 6, 24, 36, and 48 h. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and aflatoxin P1 (AFP1) were detected in most urine samples, with or without HSCAS. AFM1 was found to be the major metabolite. Metabolite concentrations were significantly decreased in the presence of HSCAS, and more importantly, no additional metabolites were detected. Our results suggest that the AFB1-HSCAS complex was not significantly dissociated in vivo, and support earlier findings that HSCAS tightly binds aflatoxin.
Stochastic optimal control of unknown linear networked control system in the presence of random delays and packet losses

In this paper, the stochastic optimal control of linear networked control system (NCS) with uncertain system dynamics and in the presence of network imperfections such as random delays and packet losses is derived. The proposed stochastic optimal control method uses an adaptive estimator (AE) and ideas from Q-learning to solve the infinite horizon optimal regulation of unknown NCS with time-varying system matrices. Next, a stochastic suboptimal control scheme which uses AE and Q-learning is introduced for the regulation of unknown linear time-invariant NCS that is derived using certainty equivalence property. Update laws for online tuning the unknown parameters of the AE to obtain the Q-function are derived. Lyapunov theory is used to show that all signals are asymptotically stable (AS) and that the estimated control signals converge to optimal or suboptimal control inputs. Simulation results are included to show the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. The result is an optimal control scheme that operates forward-in-time manner for unknown linear systems in contrast with standard Riccati equation-based schemes which function backward-in-time.
Transistor noise at low temperatures

It is shown that the shot noise theory of transistors holds for low temperatures in alloy junction transistors, provided that the effect of hole-electron pair recombination in the emitter transition region is taken into account. The discrepancy between theory and experiment reported by Lee and Kaminsky can be accounted for by the fact that this process was ignored.
Combination of CTL-associated antigen-4 blockade and depletion of CD25 + regulatory T cells enhance tumour immunity of dendritic cell-based vaccine in a mouse model of colon cancer

Immune regulation has been shown to be involved in the progressive growth of some murine tumours. Interruption of immune regulatory pathways via CTL-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) blockade or removal of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells appears to be a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the combination of CTLA-4 blockade and depletion of Treg cells would improve the potency of dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine in a clinically relevant mouse model, which is transgenic for both carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and HLA-A2 for the treatment of colon carcinoma in a therapeutic setting. We found that administration of anti-CD25 antibody prior to vaccination or systemic administration of anti-CTLA-4 antibody with the vaccine improved tumour-free survival against CEA-expressing tumours compared with mice immunized with DC-based vaccine alone. However, the efficacy of the vaccine proved to be most effective when anti-CTLA-4 antibody was combined with Treg inhibition. This vaccination strategy dramatically improved the tumour-free survival and allowed the development of long-lasting immune responses. The combined vaccination strategy resulted in increased secretion of IFN-γ and enhanced HLA-A2-restricted CEA-specific CTL responses. Furthermore, coadministration of anti-CD25 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies along with the vaccine was effective against more advanced tumours. These results provide evidence that simultaneous blockade of T-cell regulatory pathways is a promising approach for the induction of therapeutic antitumour immunity against CEA+ colon carcinoma.
Lifestyle modifications for patients with hypertension.

Abstract Objectives: To review the lifestyle modification components listed in the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and discuss how the guidelines can be used by pharmacists in the treatment of patients with hypertension. Data sources: Published guidelines and abstracts identified through PubMed (May 1987 to April 2007) and Medline (January 1966 to April 2007) using the search terms hypertension, prehypertension, lifestyle modification, nutrition, physical activity, weight loss, weight control, behavior modification, smoking cessation, guidelines, and prevention, as well as the JNC 7 guidelines, NHLBI Obesity Guidelines, and Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005. Data synthesis: Lifestyle modification strategies are recommended in the JNC 7 guidelines for the treatment and prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The primary strategies discussed are proper nutrition through the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating plan and sodium restriction, weight reduction, increased physical activity, and moderation of alcohol consumption. Patients with hypertension have been shown to decrease their resting blood pressure considerably by adopting one of more of these strategies. Conclusion: Pharmacists are in an ideal setting to care for patients with hypertension by managing their medications and lifestyle behaviors. Doing so provides patients a higher level of clinical care from their pharmacist.
An object-oriented approach to containing mobile and active codes in large-scale networks

An efficient method for containing mobile code and active code for the purpose of preventing security intrusion in large-scale networks is presented. This approach also provides flexibility in programming to make the networks more dependable from security point of view. It is scalable for large-scale networks, where mobile code communication is an integral part of the systems. The approach uses object-oriented components for the ease of deployment and easy use of features like selection of a specific protocol.
Loss of Cln3 function in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum causes pleiotropic effects that are rescued by human CLN3.

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are a group of inherited, severe neurodegenerative disorders also known as Batten disease. Juvenile NCL (JNCL) is caused by recessive loss-of-function mutations in CLN3, which encodes a transmembrane protein that regulates endocytic pathway trafficking, though its primary function is not yet known. The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is increasingly utilized for neurological disease research and is particularly suited for investigation of protein function in trafficking. Therefore, here we establish new overexpression and knockout Dictyostelium cell lines for JNCL research. Dictyostelium Cln3 fused to GFP localized to the contractile vacuole system and to compartments of the endocytic pathway. cln3− cells displayed increased rates of proliferation and an associated reduction in the extracellular levels and cleavage of the autocrine proliferation repressor, AprA. Mid- and late development of cln3− cells was precocious and cln3− slugs displayed increased migration. Expression of either Dictyostelium Cln3 or human CLN3 in cln3− cells suppressed the precocious development and aberrant slug migration, which were also suppressed by calcium chelation. Taken together, our results show that Cln3 is a pleiotropic protein that negatively regulates proliferation and development in Dictyostelium. This new model system, which allows for the study of Cln3 function in both single cells and a multicellular organism, together with the observation that expression of human CLN3 restores abnormalities in Dictyostelium cln3− cells, strongly supports the use of this new model for JNCL research.
Anti-endothelial antibodies and coronary artery disease after cardiac transplantation

Accelerated coronary artery disease is the most serious complication after cardiac transplantation. The disease has a multifactorial aetiology, with little agreement about the relative importance of the various risk factors. We have investigated the frequency of anti-endothelial antibodies against human umbilical vein endothelial cells by one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting. Peptide-specific anti-endothelial antibodies were found in 15/21 heart transplant recipients with accelerated coronary artery disease, and 1/20 transplant patients who had not developed the disease. Positive immunofluorescence of patients' serum on frozen sections of coronary vessels confirmed the endothelial specificity of antibodies. These results provide evidence of an immune aetiology for transplant-associated coronary artery disease and could have important implications for its diagnosis and therapy.
Subjective Well-Being and Kahneman’s ‘Objective Happiness’

This paper is an attempt to clarify the relation between, on the one hand, the construct of ‘objective happiness’ recently proposed by Daniel Kahneman and, on the other hand, the principal focus of happiness studies, namely subjective well-being (SWB). I have two aims. The first, a critical one, is to give a theoretical explanation for why ‘objective happiness’ cannot be a general measure of SWB. Kahneman’s methodology precludes incorporation of relevant pieces of information that can become available to the subject only retrospectively. The second aim, a constructive one, is to clarify the exact connection between ‘objective happiness’ and the wider notion of SWB. Unlike Kahneman, who treats the notion as a useful first approximation, I propose that its applicability should be thought of as context-dependent: under some conditions it could be the right measure of SWB but what these conditions are involves both psychological and ethical considerations.
Rational Design of Conjugate Vaccines

Whereas bacterial polysaccharides, classified as T-cell-independent antigens, elicit protective antibodies in adults, booster injections fail to produce an augmented response or promote antibody class switching. Because T-cell-dependent antigens, typically proteins, both produce boosted antibody levels and promote antibody class switching, it has been considered highly desirable to attempt to convert the T-cell-independent polysaccharide antigens into T-cell-dependent antigens, particularly for use in high-risk groups. A number of clinical trials now report the efficacy of conjugate vaccines in inducing the production of antibody in response to a number of previously poorly immunogenic--mainly T-cell-independent--antigens. In addition to conjugate vaccines containing bacterial polysaccharides, vaccines containing relevant peptides from a variety of pathogens are also being formulated and investigated. Questions remain, however, regarding their synthesis, use, and efficacy. The best ages for vaccine administration and selection of the optimal protein carrier are still under investigation, as are questions regarding the use of adjuvants, which can greatly affect the vaccine's potency. Spacing and size of epitope and size and composition of the final structure also must be considered; the importance of molecular size and aggregation of antigen in increasing immunogenicity have been well documented. These questions must be addressed for the much-needed development of conjugate vaccines against some common infections worldwide, including malaria, bacterial meningitis, and infections from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae because of increasing susceptibility to these infections and resistance of the pathogens to chemotherapeutic agents and/or antibiotics.
Selective staining of photoreceptors

Abstract A recent article by de Monasterio, Schein and McCrane 8 has shown that a particular class of photoreceptor takes up Procion yellow, so that the whole cell fluoresces. The result is interesting from at least two points of view: first, the location and spacing of the receptors involved; second, the membrane properties and cytology that are responsible for the phenomenon.
A total least squares method for Toeplitz systems of equations

A Newton method to solve total least squares problems for Toeplitz systems of equations is considered. When coupled with a bisection scheme, which is based on an efficient algorithm for factoring Toeplitz matrices, global convergence can be guaranteed. Circulant and approximate factorization preconditioners are proposed to speed convergence when a conjugate gradient method is used to solve linear systems arising during the Newton iterations.
Substitution of energy for other inputs in the production of corn in the Unites States

Abstract The specific inputs considered, in addition to energy, are labor, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, pesticides, and water. The results show that input use is responsive to variations in own prices and that some limited substitution does occur between energy, labor, and nitrogen fertilizer.
Chylomicron remnant and asialoglycoprotein metabolism are independent

Because of the considerable similarities between the hepatic metabolism of chylomicron remnants and asialoglycoproteins, the hypothesis that they might share a cell surface receptor or a common step in internalization was tested. Unlabeled chylomicron remnants did not reduce the binding of125I-asiaglycoprotein to plasma membranes, but did compete for125I-chylomicron remanant binding. The converse also was true. This suggested the receptors were distinct. The two substances did not compete with each other for removal by the isolated perfused rat liver. This suggests that no potentially common post binding events can become rate limiting. In conclusion, despite similarities in their removal and metabolism, chylomicron remnants and asialoglycoproteins are metabolized independently.
Affective Relatedness in Stance and Process: Commentary on Papers by Stuart A. Pizer and Barbara Pizer

Although these papers by Stuart and Barbara Pizer might initially seem unrelated, I find in them a deep complementarity, presenting an interlocking approach to analytic stance or attitude and analytic process. Both papers are responses to the totalizing nature of knowing that can reduce our ineffable subjectivity to chattel, to be used as spare parts in the service of avoiding the existential agonies of our own vulnerability in the face of death. I see generous involvement as a contemporary formulation of neutrality and as a necessary foundational stance for an analytic process captured eloquently by the notion of moving feeling forward, a process of de-totalizing, of opening a generous experience of the other as an irreducible mystery.
Gene usage by an anti-U1 snRNP 70 K monoclonal autoantibody derived from a lupus-prone mouse

Analysis of gene usage can provide insight into the structure, function, molecular genetics and regulation of antibodies, and in the case of autoantibodies perhaps provide immunopathological insight into autoimmune disease. Antibodies reactive with the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 K protein are common in mixed connective tissue disease and systemic lupus erythematosus. The monoclonal antibody 2.73 was spontaneously derived from a lupus-prone mouse and is reactive with 70 K. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify heavy and light chain cDNA from the 2.73 hybridoma. Genetic analysis revealed homology with other unrelated antibodies. Immunization of non-autoimmune mice with the purified 2.73 antibody induced autoantibodies towards 70 K and DNA. These results may implicate 2.73 involvement in the generation and/or maintenance of autoantibodies in lupus.
On the Measurement of Occupation in Social Surveys

Students of social inequality and stratification, especially those outside the discipline of sociology, frequently underestimate the quality of information on employment and occupation which can be elicited in social surveys. A brief overview of the current technology of occupation classification and scaling is offered in the hope of encouraging researchers to adopt more or less standard conventions which would render their work more reliable, valid, and comparable.
BIT TRANSPOSITION FOR VERY LARGE SCIENTIFIC AND STATISTICAL DATABASES

Conventional access methods cannot be effectively used in large Scientific/Statistical Database (SSDB) applications. A file structure (called bit transposed file (BTF)) is proposed which offers several attractive features that are better suited for the special characteristics that SSDBs exhibit. This file structure is an extreme version of the (attribute) transposed file. The data are stored by vertical bit partitions. The bit patterns of attributes are assigned using one of several data encoding methods. Each of these encoding methods is appropriate for different query types. The bit partitions can also be compressed using a version of the run length encoding scheme. Efficient operators on compressed bit vectors have been developed and form the basis of a query language. Because of the simplicity of the file structure and query language, optimization problems for database design, query evaluation, and common subexpression removal can be formalized and efficient exact solution or near optimal solution can be achieved. In addition to selective power with low overheads for SSDBs, the BTF is also amenable to special parallel hardware. Results from experiments with the file structure suggest that this approach may be a reasonable alternative file structure for large SSDBs.
The time of trauma: Husserl's phenomenology and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

The phenomenology of inner temporalizing developed by Edmund Husserl provides a helpful framework for understanding a type of experiencing that can be part of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). My paper extrapolates hints from Husserl's work in order to describe those memories — flashbacks — that come so strongly to consciousness as to overtake the experiencer. Husserl's work offers several clues: his view of inner temporalization by which conscious experiences flow in both a serial and a nonserial manner; a characterization of process memory as distinct from representational memory; and the notion of telos, which takes human subjectivity as intrinsically changeable, for example, by means of a retroactive cancellation that would allow the PTSD experiencer to re-process the original meaning of the traumatic experience into a meaning that fits the current situation and thus allows a recovery.
Simulation of Phonon Transmission Through Graphene With a Green’s Function Method

In this paper, phonon transmission through a graphene sheet is investigated using an atomistic Green’s function (AGF) method. Reported best-fit results from first-principles calculations using a 4th nearest neighbor force-constant (4NNFC) model are used to establish the matrices that describe the interactions among carbon atoms. Calculations reveal that graphene dispersion curves so obtained are in good agreement with experiments as well as other published first-principles calculations. The effect of carbon isotopes on thermal conductance is investigated, and the results reveal that isotopic doping moderately reduces both phonon transmission function and thermal conductance. The phonon transmission function of each vibrational branch in the heterogeneous interface is also calculated based on a method described in recent work, and comparisons indicate the major and minor channels of phonon transport through graphene. The results herein offer a useful reference and suggest directions for future research on thermal applications of this material.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Electrodeposition of indium on molybdenum studied with optical second harmonic generation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

In this work, we study kinetics of indium deposition onto a molybdenum substrate under electrochemical control. We show that mass transfer limited slow electrode position of In on Mo cannot be detected with traditional cyclic voltammetry. However, the In-deposited surface modifications of Mo are readily detected with optical second harmonic generation (SHG). By analyzing potentiostatic current transients, we show that the adsorption kinetics of In on Mo are dominated by 3D progressive nucleation. The SHG results provide further support to this conclusion. We also examine the relative roles of In-deposition and anion coadsorption under diffusion control by using fast Fourier transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (FFT-EIS). The results demonstrate how the process of surface modification by electrodeposition can be studied by combining SHG with FFT-EIS.
The Evaluation and Management of Delirium Among Older Persons

This article reviews the pathophysiology, prevalence, incidence, and consequences of delirium, focusing on the evaluation of delirium, the published models of care for prevention in patients at risk of delirium, and management of patients for whom delirium is not preventable. Evidence on why physical restraints should not be used for patients with delirium is reviewed. Current available evidence on antipyschotics does not support the role for the general use in the treatment of delirium. An example of a restraint-free, nonpharmacologic management approach [called the TADA approach (tolerate, anticipate, and don't agitate)] is presented.
Variations in constrained retrieval

Mentally reinstating encoding operations at retrieval might improve access to memories; however, such constrained retrieval is an effortful process that may not always be used. The memory-for-foils procedure (Jacoby, Shimizu, Daniels, & Rhodes, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 12, 852-857, 2005) infers participant-initiated mental reinstatement of encoding operations during attempts at recognition from the differential memory that accrues to foils during a test of deeply processed items versus during a test of shallowly processed items, as indicated by performance on a final recognition memory test for the foils. Experiment 1 tested whether differential memory for foils is due to the evocation of task context during recollection of neighboring old items. Experiment 2 tested whether inducing a set to respond without much effort on a prior recognition test affects the likelihood of constrained retrieval on later tests. Experiment 3 tested whether constrained retrieval is less likely to occur when the deep versus shallow source of test items is intermixed, rather than blocked in separate tests. These experiments provide evidence that people query memory by mentally reinstating encoding operations and identify conditions that affect the probability of constrained retrieval.
The high pressure study of n-propylbenzene pyrolysis

Abstract The high pressure and high temperature kinetics of n-propylbenzene pyrolysis were investigated in the High Pressure Single Pulse Shock Tube at University of Illinois at Chicago. Experiments were performed at a nominal pressure of 50 atm, with the temperatures ranging from 1027 to 1678 K. A variety of stable species ranging from aliphatic hydrocarbons to single ring and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were sampled from the shock tube and analyzed using standard gas chromatographic techniques. A detailed chemical kinetic model was developed to simulate the stable species profiles as obtained from the high pressure pyrolysis experiments. The model provides a satisfactory fit for the consumption of the fuel and the formation of the major aliphatic, monoaromatic and polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons.
Regular Article: Hypergeometric Functions for Function Fields

We introduce and study analogues of hypergeometric functions in the setting of function fields over finite fields. We show analogues of the differential equations, integral representations, transformation formulae, and continued fractions and show how analogues of various special functions and orthogonal polynomials occur as their specializations. There are two analogues: one with characteristic zero domain and one with characteristic p domain.
Dancing thoughts: an examination of children’s cognition and creative process in dance

The purpose of this study is to examine children’s cognition within the creative process in dance and to examine how dance making affects cognitive development in children. Data on children’s thinking were gathered from fifth graders participating in an artist‐in‐residence program in a public school in Pennsylvania. Both the inquiry and the data analysis were guided by a qualitative research approach in the tradition of phenomenography. In addition to identifying 27 discrete cognitive strategies that children used in creating dance, the study conclusions highlight the importance of group thinking to achieve maximum cognitive activity from dance making. The discussion section also examines pedagogical practices that bring out the cognitive benefits of dance making.
Measurement of the surface coverage of V/Al2O3 catalysts by infrared spectroscopy, CO2 chemisorption and ion scattering spectroscopy

Quantitative FTIR studies of alumina hydroxyl groups have been used to measure the surface coverage of V/Al2O3 catalysts. The IR spectra show a preferential consumption of the most basic hydroxyls (3769 cm−1) with the initial V uptake. The integrated area of the hydroxyl region was used to calculate the surface coverage of the catalysts. The surface coverage increased to 0.63 as the V loading increased to 6.7 wt%. The surface coverage results obtained from IR were compared to those measured by ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) and CO2 chemisorption. The surface coverages measured by ISS were comparable to those obtained by IR. In contrast, CO2 chemisorption appears to overestimate the surface coverage of the catalysts. The overestimation of the surface coverage by the CO2 chemisorption method is attributed to the preferential adsorption of the V phase onto the most basic hydroxyls, the same sites which interact with CO2.
Rapid regression of disc neovascularization in a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy following adjunctive intravitreal bevacizumab

Rapid regression of disc neovascularization in a patient with proliferative diabetic retinopathy following adjunctive intravitreal bevacizumab
Pain management in children with and without cognitive impairment following spine fusion surgery.

Background: We compared pain assessment and management practices in children with and without cognitive impairment (CI) undergoing spine fusion surgery. Methods: The medical records of 42 children (19 with CI and 23 without) were reviewed and data related to demographics, surgery, pain assessment and management, and side-effects were recorded. Results: Fewer children with CI were assessed for pain on postoperative days (POD) 0–4 compared to those without CI (P < 0.002). Self-report was used for 81% of pain assessments in children without CI, while a behavioural tool was used for 75% of assessments in cognitively impaired children. Children with CI received smaller total opioid doses on POD 1–3 compared to those without CI (P ≤ 0.02). Furthermore, children without CI received patient/nurse-controlled analgesia for more postoperative days than children with CI (P=0.02). Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a discrepancy in pain management practices in children with and without CI following spine fusion.
Removal of Giα1 Constraints on Adenylyl Cyclase in the Hippocampus Enhances LTP and Impairs Memory Formation

Abstract Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase in the hippocampus is critical for memory formation. However, generation of cAMP signals within an optimal range for memory may require a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory mechanisms. The role of adenylyl cyclase inhibitory mechanisms for memory has not been addressed. One of the mechanisms for inhibition of adenylyl cyclase is through activation of G i -coupled receptors, a mechanism that could serve as a constraint on memory formation. Here we report that ablation of G iα1 by gene disruption increases hippocampal adenylyl cyclase activity and enhances LTP in area CA1. Furthermore, gene ablation of G iα1 or antisense oligonucleotide-mediated depletion of G iα1 disrupted hippocampus-dependent memory. We conclude that G iα1 provides a critical mechanism for tonic inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity in the hippocampus. We hypothesize that loss of G iα1 amplifies the responsiveness of CA1 postsynaptic neurons to stimuli that strengthen synaptic efficacy, thereby diminishing synapse-specific plasticity required for new memory formation.
Opioid μ-receptors in medullary raphe region affect the hypoxic ventilation in anesthetized rats

Opioids can attenuate the peripheral chemoreceptor-mediated hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) by acting on central μ-type opioid receptors. Since the medullary raphe region (MRR) expresses abundant μ-receptors and participates in modulating HVR, we tested the role of μ-receptors within the caudal, medial, and rostral MRR (cMRR, mMRR, and rMRR) in modulating the HVR. We recorded cardiorespiratory activities and their responses to isocapnic hypoxia in anesthetized rats before and after local microinjection of DAMGO into the MRR, and intravenous administration of DAMGO (100 μg/kg) alone or coupled with a previous local injection of CTAP. Microinjecting DAMGO into the cMRR or mMRR but not the rMRR significantly attenuated the HVR. However, systemic DAMGO-induced HVR attenuation was not significantly affected by pretreating the cMRR and mMRR with CTAP. Our data suggest that cMRR and mMRR μ-receptors are capable of depressing the HVR, while their contribution to the attenuated HVR by systemic DAMGO is limited.
Potential Effect of Authorization Bias on Medical Record Research

Objective To analyze the influence of recent changes in Minnesota statutes that generally require prior authorization for use of medical records for research from patients who received medical care after Jan. 1,1997. Material and Methods In this Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board-approved study, we obtained a stratified random sample of patients encountered at Mayo Clinic Rochester during the period 1994 through 1996 and estimated the proportion willing to provide the general authorization. On the basis of data from administrative files, we then compared demographic, diagnostic, and utilization characteristics for patients who provided authorization and those who did not. Results Overall, 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 2.4 to 4.0%) of the study subjects declined authorization. If patients not responding to requests for authorization were also considered to have refused, the overall refusal rate would be 20.7% (95% confidence interval, 18.5 to 22.9%). Women were somewhat more likely to refuse authorization than were men (4.0% versus 2.4%; P = 0.067), and patients younger than 60 years were more likely to refuse than were older patients (5.4% versus 1.2%; P P = 0.001). Patients with prior diagnoses that might be considered more sensitive such as mental disorders, infectious diseases, and reproductive problems also were more likely to refuse authorization. Conclusion These data demonstrate that laws requiring written authorization for research use of the medical record could result in substantial biases in etiologic and outcome studies, the direction and magnitude of which may vary from topic to topic. Clinicians should be prepared to enter the discussion to help inform patients and legislators of the potential hazards of laws that restrict access to medical records for research purposes.
Institutionalizing Ethics: A Synthesis of Frameworks and the Implications for HRD:

Today, many human resource professionals are faced with the responsibilities of implementing ethics initiatives in the workplace. The integration of ethics is becoming an aspect of organizational l...