cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Implicit Attitudes and Explicit Ratings of Romantic Attraction of College Students Toward Opposite-Sex Peers with Physical Disabilities

This is a replication and extension of a study by Man et al. in Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities 18:35–44, 2006, who found that college students rated the romantic attractiveness of opposite-sex peers as equal, regardless of the presence or absence of a physical disability. Based on photographs with brief biographical vignettes 41 college students rated attractiveness of young adults with the Romantic Attraction Scale (RAS; Campbell in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77:1254–1270, 1999) and then completed the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Nosek et al. in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 31:166–180, 2005) to assess their implicit attitudes toward disabilities. Self-reported romantic attractiveness was unaffected by the presence of a physical disability. However, the IAT revealed a clear preference for physical health over physical disabilities. The discrepancy between the explicit attractiveness ratings and the implicit attitudes toward physical disabilities suggests that the former were biased by social desirability. Alternative explanations of the inconsistencies between the explicit and implicit data are discussed.
Detection of mitochondrial DNA deletions in the cochlea and its structural elements from archival human temporal bone tissue

Large-scale deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been associated with aging and disease in post-mitotic tissues. These post-mitotic tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart and brain, are heavily dependent on intact functional mitochondria. The cochlear tissues are known to contain an abundance of mitochondria. This observation stimulated a search for mtDNA deletions in the cochlea and its elements using a sensitive nested PCR methodology and long range PCR to explain the functional deficits observed in age-related hearing loss. The presence of the so-called "common" deletion (CD) was detected in cochlear tissue from two individuals with age-related hearing loss, 73 and 78 years of age. Three additional deletions, that to our knowledge have not been previously reported, were also identified in these two individuals, including a 5354 bp deletion flanked with a 3 bp repeat, a 9682 bp deletion flanked by a 10 bp repeat and a 5142 bp deletion without a flanking repeat. The 9682 and 5142 bp deletions were also detected in an individual 39 years of age with normal hearing, however, these two deletions were not detected in a normal hearing individual 9 years of age. In contrast, the 5354 bp deletion was detected in all four of the individuals studied. To localize the deletions within the cochlea, the cochlear elements were removed by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and the mtDNA from these tissues was studied. The 5142 and 5354 bp deletions were detected in the organ of corti, spiral ligament, and ganglion cells, but not in the stria vascularis. These findings correlate with the reduction in the number of spiral ganglion cells and outer hair cells, and the normal stria vascularis volume observed in this individual. All four of these deletions involve the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunit III gene, encoded by mtDNA. These observations suggest that multiple mtDNA deletions may contribute to a deficit in mitochondrial function in the cochlea and result in hearing loss if a level of physiological significance is reached.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN HODGKIN LYMPHOMA

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is among the neoplastic diseases that has the best long-term outcome after cytotoxic treatment. Cure rates approach 80-90%, however, 15-20% of patients will be resistant to therapy (primary refractory) or relapse after treatment. Prognostic factors should help to stratify therapy according to the risk profile and identify patients at risk for failure. Significance of prognostic factors partly depends on the efficacy of the treatments administered, since new effective therapies can variably counterbalance the adverse effects of some unfavorable clinical determinants. As a consequence, some prognostic factors thought to be important in the past may become meaningless when modern successful therapies are used. Therefore, the value of prognostic factors has to be updated periodically, and compared to new emerging biomarkers. Besides the prognostic role of PET imaging, tissue and circulating biomarkers, as the number of tumor-infiltrating macrophages, cytokine and chemokine levels and profiling of circulating nucleic acids (DNA and microRNAs) have shown promise.
Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions

The study of neutrino oscillations has necessitated a new generation of neutrino experiments that are exploring neutrino-nuclear scattering processes. We focus in particular on charged-current quasi-elastic scattering, a particularly important channel that has been extensively investigated both in the bubble-chamber era and by current experiments. Recent results have led to theoretical reexamination of this process. We review the standard picture of quasi-elastic scattering as developed in electron scattering, review and discuss experimental results, and discuss additional nuclear effects such as exchange currents and short-range correlations that may play a significant role in neutrino-nucleus scattering.
Correlated evolution of chloroplast heat shock protein expression in closely related plant species.

Interspecific variation in chloroplast low molecular weight (cLMW) HSP (heat shock protein) expression was examined with respect to phylogeny, species specific leaf area, chlorophyll fluorescence, and mean environmental conditions within species ranges. Eight species of Ceanothus (Rhamnaceae) were heat shocked for 4 h at several different temperatures. Leaf samples were collected imme­ diately after the heat shock, and cLMW HSP expression was quantified using Western blots. At 45� C species from the subgenus Cerastes had significantly greater cLMW HSP expression than species from the subgenus Ceanothus. Specific leaf area was negatively correlated with cLMW HSP expression after the 45� C heat treatment. In addition, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) 1 h after the heat shocks was positively correlated with cLMW HSP expression. Contrary to our prediction, there was no correlation between July maximum temperature within species ranges and cLMW HSP expression. These results suggest that evolutionary differentiation in cLMW HSP expression is associated with leaf physiological parameters and related aspects of life history, yet associations between climatic conditions within species ranges and cLMW HSP expression require further study.
Resonance between Channeled Particle Wavelengths and Periodicity of Strained-Layer Superlattices

Recent studies of the resonance effect between the wavelength of planar channeled ions and the periodicity of strained-layer superlattices are summarized for MeV /sup 4/He ions backscattering from GaAs/sub x/P/sub 1-x//GaP superlattices. When the incident beam energy is adjusted so the half-wavelength matches the thickness of the layers, a catastropic dechanneling effect is observed. A simple phase rotation analysis has been developed to calculate the dechanneling in each layer and good agreement is obtained with the observed dechanneling per interface. This resonance effect is used to measure the amount of strain in the GaAs/sub x/P/sub 1-x//GaP strained-layer superlattice.
rgr oncogene: activation by elimination of translational controls and mislocalization.

Previous studies have identified a novel oncogene, rgr , which has homology to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) Ral guanine dissociation stimulator (RALGDS). To determine the mechanism of activation of rgr , the wild-type form was isolated. rgr is expressed physiologically at very low levels, due, at least in part, to a long 5′-untranslated region that contains eight AUGs, which inhibit translation of the main open reading frame. When these regulatory sequences are removed, the wild-type gene is expressed at high levels. An investigation of how this GEF could transform cells showed that RGR interacts with RAS, supporting its involvement as a RAS-GEF. Because RAL is localized mainly to the Golgi, the expression of the RGR protein was identified in RK13 cells, a cell line that expresses endogenous rgr . RGR localizes to endomembranes. To determine its location upon transformation, a green fluorescent protein-RGR fusion protein was used to track the movement of RGR. Increasing amounts of expression result in enhanced localization of RGR to the plasma membrane. These results indicate that rgr is activated when its tight translational controls are eliminated and increased expression allows its relocation to the plasma membrane, where efficient activation of RAS occurs.
Excited State Structure and Relaxation Dynamics of Polypyridyl Complexes of Low Spin d6 Metal Ions by Means of Step-Scan FTIR Time-Resolved Spectroscopy (S2FT-IR TRS)

Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy has been applied to study the excited state dynamics of many biological molecules and transition metal complexes following laser-flash excitation [1–6]. The short lifetimes of the excited states involved in these processes require very high time resolution. Until recently, fast time-resolved IR measurements have typically utilized tunable IR diode lasers as the probe source. The limited tunability of these IR lasers limited the studies to systems that contain CO or CN groups as a “reporter” ligand.
Occupational hazard evaluation in an expandable polystyrene production enterprise

[Objective]Through evaluation on the occupational hazard control effect in an expandable polystyrene(EPS) production enterprise,to understand the status of occupational hazards,so as to put forward reasonable occupational disease prevention measures.[Methods]Field occupational health investigation,inspection and testing,occupational health examination and other methods were adopted for evaluation.[Results]The location of EPS manufacturers and the overall layout,equipment layout,and occupational protective equipment,personal protective articles,occupational health management,health auxiliary setting met the requirements of " Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases " and other laws and regulations;the enterprises in the production of EPS process might produce dust,toxins,noise,power frequency electric field and other occupational hazards,among which industrial dust,noise,power frequency electric field related occupational hazards in the workplace was in line with national health standards,pentane did not meet national health standards in some workplaces.[Conclusion]The occupational hazard control measures are feasible and effective in this EPS production enterprise,but some areas still need to take effective protection measures.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) modulation of the HNSCC epigenome.

Currently, the human papilloma virus (HPV), in addition to tobacco and alcohol, is considered another independent risk factor for oropharyngeal squamous head and neck cancer (OPSCC), where the prevalence of HPV-16 increases to 50-90 % for the oropharynx. Also, incidence and mortality in head and neck SCC (HNSCC) continue to be higher in African Americans (AA) than in Caucasian Americans (CA). A recent study found that poorer survival outcomes for AA versus CA with oropharyngeal tumors were attributable to racial differences in the prevalence of HPV positive (+) tumors; HPV negative (-) AA and CA patients had similar outcomes (Settle et al., Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2:776-781, 2009). Evidence indicates that a HPV+ diagnosis has significant prognostic implications; these patients have at least half the risk of death when compared with the HPV- patient, due in part to a better response to chemoradiotherapy (Fakhry et al., J Natl Cancer Inst 100:261-269, 2008).Epigenetic events of promoter hypermethylation are emerging as promising molecular strategies for cancer detection, representing tumor-specific markers occurring early in tumor progression. HPV infection is now recognized to play a role in the pathogenesis of OPSCC, where HPV+ and HPV- patients appear to be clinically and biologically distinct with reported genome-wide hypomethylation and promoter hypermethylation in HPV+ HNSCC tumors. A recent study from our group applying pathway analysis to investigate the biological role of the differentially methylated genes in HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC reported 8 signal transduction pathways germane to HNSCC (Worsham et al., Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 149:409-416, 2013).
Efficient Methods of Estimating the Error Components Regression Models

We referred to a linear regression model combining cross-section with time series data in Section 1.2(b). This model contains some explanatory variables, a constant term, an additive disturbance term varying both in the time and crosssectional dimensions, and two additive components--one component associated with time, another with the cross-sectional units. In this chapter we present an analysis of this model as an approach to combining cross-section and time series data.
The effect of vitamin A and other dietary constituents on the activity of adenosine triphosphate sulphurylase.

Abstract 1. ATP sulphurylase was assayed in various organs from vitamin A-deficient and pair-fed control rats at different stages of deficiency. Activity decreased slightly in the liver and markedly in the adrenal gland. Striking differences in liver activity were observed between pair-fed control and ad libitum-fed animals. This observation suggested that diet (apart from vitamin A) strongly influenced the activity of ATP sulphurylase. 2. Total starvation caused a severe decrease in activity in liver within 48hr. This was due to a lack of protein intake. 3. By feeding groups of vitamin A-deficient and pair-fed control rats on a diet containing 80% protein, the specific activity of the liver ATP sulphurylase was maintained in the pair-fed control group at the normal level of an ad libitum-fed rat, whereas it decreased by 25% (statistically significant at P<0·01) in the deficient rat. On a 20%-protein diet, there were no significant differences between vitamin A-deficient and pair-fed control rats. These relationships held also for enzyme activity expressed per g. of liver, per total liver and per g. of DNA. There were no differences in liver protein or DNA concentration between vitamin A-deficient and control rats on either protein intake. 4. Control rats on a 20%-protein diet had liver specific enzyme activities about one-half of those in control rats on an 80%-protein diet, as well as lower liver protein concentrations. 5. It is concluded that, when the effect of protein deprivation on ATP sulphurylase is separated from the effect of vitamin A deficiency, a lowering of the enzyme activity caused by the vitamin deficiency is demonstrable.
Rainfall influences performance of insecticides on the codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apples

Semi-field studies were used to evaluate the effects of rainfall and field ageing on the performance of insecticides from six different chemical classes used to control the codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). All insecticides were significantly more toxic to codling moth larvae than the untreated control, although seven-day field ageing reduced control for several compounds. Simulated rainfall events of 2.54 and 12.7 mm did not have negative effects on the performance of the insecticides. Simulated rainfall events of 50.8 mm of rainfall resulted in significant reductions of efficacy for thiacloprid and spinetoram. Residue profiles of apple leaves and fruit provided evidence for wash-off ranging from 13% to 93%, with patterns varying by compound, plant substrate, and rainfall level. This study will help apple growers make informed decisions on when reapplications of insecticides are needed in the field with the aim of improving integrated pest management.
Polymeric Materials for Cell Microencapsulation

Mammalian cells have been microencapsulated within both natural and synthetic polymers for over half a century. Specifically, in the last 36 years microencapsulated cells have been used therapeutically to deliver a wide range of drugs, cytokines, growth factors, and hormones while enjoying the immunoisolation provided by the encapsulating material. In addition to preventing immune attack, microencapsulation prevents migration of entrapped cells. Cells can be microencapsulated in a variety of geometries, the most common being solid microspheres and hollow microcapsules. The micrometer scale permits delivery by injection and is within diffusion limits that allow the cells to provide the necessary factors that are missing at a target site, while also permitting the exchange of nutrients and waste products. The majority of cell microencapsulation is performed with alginate/poly-L-lysine microspheres. Since alginate itself can be immunogenic, for cell-based therapy applications various groups are investigating synthetic polymers to microencapsulate cells. We describe a protocol for the formation of microspheres and microcapsules using the synthetic polymer poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA).
Quorum Quenching of Nitrobacter winogradskyi Suggests that Quorum Sensing Regulates Fluxes of Nitrogen Oxide(s) during Nitrification

ABSTRACT Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread process in bacteria used to coordinate gene expression with cell density, diffusion dynamics, and spatial distribution through the production of diffusible chemical signals. To date, most studies on QS have focused on model bacteria that are amenable to genetic manipulation and capable of high growth rates, but many environmentally important bacteria have been overlooked. For example, representatives of proteobacteria that participate in nitrification, the aerobic oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via nitrite, produce QS signals called acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs). Nitrification emits nitrogen oxide gases (NO, NO 2 , and N 2 O), which are potentially hazardous compounds that contribute to global warming. Despite considerable interest in nitrification, the purpose of QS in the physiology/ecology of nitrifying bacteria is poorly understood. Through a quorum quenching approach, we investigated the role of QS in a well-studied AHL-producing nitrite oxidizer, Nitrobacter winogradskyi. We added a recombinant AiiA lactonase to N. winogradskyi cultures to degrade AHLs to prevent their accumulation and to induce a QS-negative phenotype and then used mRNA sequencing (mRNA-Seq) to identify putative QS-controlled genes. Our transcriptome analysis showed that expression of nirK and nirK cluster genes ( ncgABC ) increased up to 19.9-fold under QS-proficient conditions (minus active lactonase). These data led to us to query if QS influenced nitrogen oxide gas fluxes in N. winogradskyi . Production and consumption of NO x increased and production of N 2 O decreased under QS-proficient conditions. Quorum quenching transcriptome approaches have broad potential to identify QS-controlled genes and phenotypes in organisms that are not genetically tractable. IMPORTANCE Bacterial cell-cell signaling, or quorum sensing (QS), is a method of bacterial communication and gene regulation that is well studied in bacteria. However, little is known about the purpose of QS in many environmentally important bacteria. Here, we demonstrate quorum quenching coupled with mRNA-Seq to identify QS-controlled genes and phenotypes in Nitrobacter winogradskyi, a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium. Nitrite oxidizers play an important role in the nitrogen cycle though their participation in nitrification, the aerobic oxidation of ammonia to nitrate via nitrite. Our quorum quenching approach revealed that QS influences production and consumption of environmentally important nitrogen oxide gases (NO, NO 2 , and N 2 O) in N. winogradskyi . This study demonstrated a novel technique for studying QS in difficult-to-work-with microorganisms and showed that nitrite oxidizers might also contribute to nitrification-dependent production of nitrogen oxide gases that contribute to global warming.
Fast Neutron Inelastic Scattering Cross Sections of 238U for States between 680 and 1530 keV

Neutron inelastic scattering cross sections for /sup 238/U levels between 680- and 1530-keV excitation energy have been measured in the incident neutron energy range from 0.9 to 2.2 MeV. The (n,n') time-of-flight (TOF) technique was used to obtain direct differential inelastic cross sections. Neutrons were generated using the /sup 7/Li(p,n)/sup 7/Be reaction. Experimental parameters were optimized to achieve an energy resolution of <15 keV. Level cross sections were deduced from the measured 125-deg differential scattering cross sections. The validity of this procedure was confirmed by measuring the angular distributions for nine levels at En=1.5 and 2.0 MeV. Background due to fission induced by fast neutrons was subtracted. The TOF spectra were unfolded using the method of the response function. The data were corrected for multiple scattering and neutron attenuation in disk scattering geometry using an analytic method. Theoretical calculations of the cross sections were carried out using reaction models appropriate to the description of compound nucleus and direct interaction processes. The data are compared to (n,n'..gamma..) results and the ENDF/B-V evaluation.
Justice Stevens, the Writer

In any discussion about United States Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens, you're likely to hear him labeled in a variety of ways--as a brilliant “judge's judge,” the highly successful leader of the Court's more liberal wing, the prolific “maverick,” and a shrewd questioner from the bench. You might also hear him described simply as a polite and humble Midwesterner, bow-tie aficionado and diehard Cubs fan. Yet while Justice Stevens is and was all of these things, there is another important title he richly deserves yet often does not receive--Justice Stevens, the excellent writer. This essay strives to close that gap and celebrate the unsung writing talents of Justice Stevens. This is by no means meant to be a serious linguistic study of his writings, nor is it an exhaustive overview. My goal, rather, is simply to highlight his skills as a wordsmith with some of the most memorable examples. What follows is a collection of snippets of Justice Stevens's writing drawn from my own reservoir of personal favorites and an informal survey of other former Stevens clerks.
Medium Scale Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background at 3.3 mm

We have developed a system for making measurements of spatial fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation at 3 mm wavelength, on an angular scale of.5 to 5 degrees. The system includes a telescope with a Gaussian beam with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 20 to 50 arc-minutes, a Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor (SIS) coherent receiver operating at 90 GHz, and for balloon flights, a pointing system capable of 1 arc-minute RMS stabilization. We report on results from the first flight of the stabilized platform, as well as results from ground based measurements made from the South Pole station in December, 1988.
Dynamics of capillary electrochromatography. II. Comparison of column efficiency parameters in microscale high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography.

In capillary electrochromatography (CEC) the flow of the mobile phase is generated by electrosmotic means in high electric field. This work compares band spreading measured experimentally in several packed capillaries with electrosmotic flow (EOF) and viscous flow under otherwise identical conditions. The data were fitted to the simplified van Deemter equation for the theoretical plate height, H=A+B/u+Cu, in order to evaluate parameters A and C in each mode of flow in the different columns. The ratio of these two parameters obtained with the same column in microscale HPLC (μ-HPLC) and CEC was used to quantify the attenuation of their contribution to band spreading upon changing from viscous flow (in μ-HPLC) to electrosmotic flow (in CEC). The capillary columns used in this study were packed with stationary phases of different pore sizes as well as retentive properties and measurements were carried out under different mobile phase conditions to examine the effects of the retention factor and buffer concentration. In the CEC mode, the value of both column parameters A and C was invariably by a factor of two to four lower than in the μ-HPLC mode. This effect may be attributed to the peculiarities of the EOF flow profile in the interstitial space and to the generation of intraparticle EOF inside the porous particles of the column packing. Thus, band spreading due to flow maldistribution and mass transfer resistances is significantly lower when the mobile phase flow is driven by voltage as in CEC, rather than by pressure as in μ-HPLC.
'We Will Be Right with You': Managing Customers with Vague Promises

Delay announcements informing customers about anticipated service delays are prevalent in service-oriented systems. Which delay announcements a service provider should use is a complex question, and its answer depends on both the dynamics of the underlying queuing system and on the customer behavior. We examine this problem of information communication by considering a model in which both the firm and the customers act strategically: the firm in choosing its delay announcement, and the customers in interpreting these announcements and in making the decision about when to join the system and when to balk. We characterize the equilibrium language that emerges between the service provider and her customers. The analysis of the emerging equilibrium provides new and interesting insights into customer-firm information sharing. We show that even though the information provided to customers is non-verifiable and non-credible, it improves the profits of the firm and the expected utility of the customers. Further, the information could be as simple as "High Congestion"/"Low Congestion" announcements, or could be as detailed as the true state of the system. We also show that firms may choose to shade some of the truth by using intentional vagueness to lure customers.
MOUNTAIN METEOROLOGY | Land and Sea Breezes

The physics of land and sea breezes are presented. This includes how they develop in calm conditions and the effect on these mesoscale wind circulations under larger scale wind flow. This article discusses, for example, how light offshore large-scale flow at the coast can amplify the magnitude of low wind convergence associated with a sea breeze, while a stronger wind can prevent the sea breeze from even developing. The reason that the land breeze is a shallower atmospheric feature is presented.
Novel Photonic Materials Containing Porphyrin Rings

Recently, interests in soluble, well-defined polymers containing transition metals are increasing because of the demands for advanced materials in molecular electronics, electro- optics, and catalytical processes.1-3 Our major research effort is focused upon the synthesis of new polymers exhibiting multifunctional properties, such as photorefractive polymers which combine the photoconductivity and optical nonlinearity to manifest photorefractivity.4Polymers containing metalloporphyrin arouse our interest for these purposes due to their unique electronic structures and optical properties. It is known that many porphyrin and metalloporphyrin compounds are responsible for charge separation in natural photosynthetic centers and in many photosynthetic model compounds.5 These properties are relevant to the design of photorefractive polymers.
The Association between US Adolescents' Weight Status, Weight Perception, Weight Satisfaction, and Their Physical Activity and Dietary Behaviors.

Background: It remain unclear that the association between weight status, weight perception, weight satisfaction and the clustering of physical activity (PA) and dietary behaviors in adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Patterns Equivalents 2007–2014 data from adolescents aged 12–17 years (n = 2965) was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographic characteristics examined the association between weight status, weight perception, weight satisfaction, and the four created lifestyle groups (healthier behaviors, healthier diet only, physically active only, unhealthier behaviors). Results: Males with obesity were more likely to be in the healthier diet only group than males with a normal weight (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.52). Similar patterns were found in males who perceived themselves as being overweight or having obesity (OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.09, 3.99) and males with obesity who perceived their weight status accurately (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.12, 4.88). Female respondents who were satisfied with their weight were 59% less likely to be in the healthier diet only group than healthier behaviors group compared with females who were weight dissatisfied (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.75). This pattern was not observed in males. Conclusions: Clustering PA and dietary behaviors were associated with weight status and weight perception for males but not females. Weight satisfaction was associated with clustered PA and dietary behaviors for females. These findings are important for obesity prevention policies and programs to better address adolescents’ obesity and reduce health disparities in this population.
Status epilepticus prevention, ambulatory monitoring, early seizure detection and prediction in at-risk patients

Abstract Purpose Status epilepticus is an often apparently randomly occurring, life-threatening medical emergency which affects the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and their families. The purpose of this review is to summarize information on ambulatory seizure detection, seizure prediction, and status epilepticus prevention. Method Narrative review. Results Seizure detection devices are currently under investigation with regards to utility and feasibility in the detection of isolated seizures, mainly in adult patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, in long-term epilepsy monitoring units, and occasionally in the outpatient setting. Detection modalities include accelerometry, electrocardiogram, electrodermal activity, electroencephalogram, mattress sensors, surface electromyography, video detection systems, gyroscope, peripheral temperature, photoplethysmography, and respiratory sensors, among others. Initial detection results are promising, and improve even further, when several modalities are combined. Some portable devices have already been U.S. FDA approved to detect specific seizures. Improved seizure prediction may be attainable in the future given that epileptic seizure occurrence follows complex patient-specific non-random patterns. The combination of multimodal monitoring devices, big data sets, and machine learning may enhance patient-specific detection and predictive algorithms. The integration of these technological advances and novel approaches into closed-loop warning and treatment systems in the ambulatory setting may help detect seizures sooner, and tentatively prevent status epilepticus in the future. Conclusions Ambulatory monitoring systems are being developed to improve seizure detection and the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and their families.
Polynomial Extensions of a Putnam Delight

The floor and ceiling functions f and g are extremely useful in number theory, and hence in discrete mathematics. They are defined by f(x)=⌊x⌋ and g(x)=⌈x⌉ , where ⌊x⌋ denotes the largest integer ≤...
A Multi-armed Bandit MCMC, with applications in sampling from doubly intractable posterior.

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms are widely used to sample from complicated distributions, especially to sample from the posterior distribution in Bayesian inference. However, MCMC is not directly applicable when facing the doubly intractable problem. In this paper, we discussed and compared two existing solutions -- Pseudo-marginal Monte Carlo and Exchange Algorithm. This paper also proposes a novel algorithm: Multi-armed Bandit MCMC (MABMC), which chooses between two (or more) randomized acceptance ratios in each step. MABMC could be applied directly to incorporate Pseudo-marginal Monte Carlo and Exchange algorithm, with higher average acceptance probability.
Persisting Gaps in Coverage and Services of Illinois Women Who Acquired Insurance After Implementation of the Affordable Care Act.

Objectives:Before implementation of the Affordable Care Act, many uninsured women in Illinois received care through safety-net programs. The new law allowed them to acquire health insurance through...
Electromagnetic field couplings

With the continuous shrinkage of the minimum feature sizes of semiconductor integrated circuits and their packages along with the increase in the operating frequency have caused parasitic electromagnetic (EM) coupling to become a serious design concern. Realizing the significant role of EM coupling in influencing the system and device-level radio frequency (RF) performance entails a good understanding of the coupling mechanism occurring in a certain EM environment. EM coupling between the circuit elements can be considered as a desirable or undesirable phenomenon depending upon the intended application, the intrinsic EM structure, and components forming the RF circuit. EM coupling is necessary for the design of coupled microwave structures such as coupled line filters, couplers, microwave baluns, and several other distributed circuits. In other cases, however, EM coupling is not beneficial and considered as a source of EM interference (EMI) that can drastically impact the electrical performance of the circuit.
Lesions of the amygdala central nucleus interfere with blockade of satiation for peanut oil by Na-2-mercaptoacetate

Previous research suggests that the amygdala central nucleus (CN) is an important neuroanatomical substrate for energy balance, and the detection of lipoprivic state signals in particular. We recently demonstrated that rats with selective lesions of the CN did not show enhanced conditioned responding toward oil-predicting stimuli after administration of the lipoprivic agent, Na-2-mercaptoacetate (MA; Benoit, Morell, & Davidson, 1999). In the present experiment, rats with lesions of the CN were trained in such a way that a stimulus predicted the delivery of either sucrose pellets or peanut oil under food deprivation. They were then given access to the foods under food satiation after an injection of either saline or MA. Finally, rats received a behavioral test for learned satiation responses to the stimulus (i.e., reduced responding) in the absence of food or MA. Results showed that MA blocked acquisition of satiation responses in rats trained with peanut oil, but not sucrose. Rats with lesions of the CN, however, acquired satiation responses equally, regardless of macronutrient or treatment. These data extend previous findings suggesting that the CN is a critical brain structure for rats’ ability to detect lipoprivation and introduce an additional behavioral paradigm for the study of macronutrient selection.
Application of group nursing in Ward

Objective To strengthen the responsibility sense of nurses, make full use of limited nursing human resources so as to provide high-quality, highly effective service for patients. Methods According to the number of sickbeds, the nurses were divided into two groups which each consisted of one group leader; every nurse was responsible for several sickbeds. Carried out the grouping responsibility nursing under the head nurses'leadership. Results By x2 test, there was significant differences before and after grouping in disease awareness and nursing satisfaction (P ＜0. 05) . Conclusions Group nursing represents humarized nursing conception, and betters nurse-patient relationship, and increased patients'awareness of disease, so enhances nursing quality and patients'satisfaction. Key words: Group nursing; Nursing quality; Satisfaction
Fast 2D Phase Retrieval using Bandlimited Masks

We propose a new phase retrieval algorithm for recovering 2D discrete signals from the squared magnitudes of their short-time Fourier transform measurements. The algorithm works by efficiently inverting (in FFT–time) a Fourier-based, physics-driven, and highly structured linear system to obtain relative phase information. The missing phases are subsequently recovered through the use of an eigenvector-based angular synchronization procedure. In addition to providing a deterministic measurement mask construction, the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method are demonstrated through numerical experiments.
Idols, celebrities, and fans at the time of post-catastrophe

This article explores the ways in which activism was performed and negotiated by Japanese celebrities and idols after the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Disaster that occurred in...
Modeling of Tumor Control Probability in Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Adrenal Tumors.

Purpose Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the management of adrenal metastases is emerging as a well-tolerated, effective method of treatment for patients with limited metastatic disease. SBRT planning and treatment utilization are widely variable, and publications report heterogeneous radiation dose fractionation schemes and treatment outcomes. The objective of this analysis was to review the current literature on SBRT for adrenal metastases and to develop treatment guidelines and a model for tumor control probability of SBRT for adrenal metastases based on these publications. Methods and Materials A literature search of all studies on SBRT for adrenal metastases published from 2008 to 2017 was performed, and outcomes in these studies were reviewed. Local control (LC) rates were fit to a statistically significant Poisson model using maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Results One-year LC greater than 95% was achieved at an approximated biological equivalent dose with α/β = 10 Gy of 116.4 Gy. Conclusions While respecting normal tissue tolerances, tumor doses greater than or equal to a biological equivalent dose with α/β = 10 Gy of 116.4 Gy are recommended to achieve high LC. Further studies following unified reporting standards are needed for more robust prediction.
Near-miscible supercritical CO2 injection in oil-wet carbonate: A pore-scale experimental investigation of wettability state and three-phase flow behavior

Abstract Near-miscible supercritical CO 2 ( scCO 2 ) injection and its underlying pore-scale physics were experimentally investigated in an oil-wet carbonate rock at elevated temperature and pressure conditions using X-ray microtomography. The results of in situ contact angle measurements yielded direct evidence showing that the scCO 2 injection triggered a wettability reversal process resulting in reduced oil-wetness. As the scCO 2 injection progressed, we observed a distinct wettability state where the wetting preference of the solid to the scCO 2 , oil, and brine phases was similar due to the wettability reversal. Consequently, pore sizes neither dictated any preferential invasion order nor restricted the displacement efficiency of the injection process. Furthermore, we identified a type of spreading system where spreading oil layers formed but did not exist globally across the pore space between the scCO 2 and brine phases. Gaussian curvature analysis showed that the scCO 2 and oil phases were well-connected at the early stage of the scCO 2 injection, whereas brine connectivity was relatively poor. As the injection continued, brine connectivity was improved due to the wettability reversal effect. Moreover, displacement events including double and multiple displacements were identified and discussed. They included a variety of events that had scCO 2 as the first phase and oil and brine as the subsequent phases. The diversity and affordability of such displacements were much higher than those previously observed during N2 injection in oil-wet systems where mostly gas-to-oil-to-brine double displacements took place. The interplay of scCO 2 -oil miscibility, the distinctive wettability state, favorable fluid connectivity, and frequent double/multiple displacements resulted in an exceptional displacement efficiency during near-miscible scCO 2 injection.
Investigation of quantum confinement within the tunneling-percolation transition for ultrathin bismuth films

Abstract We investigate conduction phenomena in ultrathin bismuth (Bi) films that are thermally evaporated onto flat quartz. Critical points in the conductance as a function of deposition time are identified and used to scale the data from time dependence to coverage dependence. The resulting nonlinear coverage scaling equation is verified independently via analysis done on transmission electron microscope images of the evaporated films. The scaled data yields critical exponents in very good agreement with classical percolation theory, and clearly shows the transition from the tunneling regime into percolation. Surprisingly, no noticeable signatures of size-quantization effects in the nucleation sites as a function of deposition time is observed in either regime. We discuss our findings in light of Boltzmann transport modeling of 1D conduction as an approximation to the narrow percolative paths that form at the onset of percolation. Our results suggest that lack of a preferred crystallite orientation in the nucleation process may indeed cause quantum-confinement to be too smeared out to be observable in the tunneling to percolation transition.
Post-therapy pathologic stage and survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation before surgery is an emerging treatment modality for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, analysis of prognostic factors is limited for patients with PDAC treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). METHODS: The study population was comprised of 240 consecutive patients with PDAC who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and PD and was compared with 60 patients who had no neoadjuvant therapy between 1999 and 2007. Clinicopathologic features were correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Among the 240 treated patients, the 1-year and 3-year DFS rates were 52% and 32%, with a median DFS of 15.1 months. The 1-year and 3-year OS rates were 95% and 47%, with a median OS of 33.5 months. By univariate analysis, DFS was associated with age, post-therapy tumor stage (ypT), lymph node status (ypN), number of positive lymph nodes, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, whereas OS was associated with intraoperative blood loss, margin status, ypT, ypN, number of positive lymph nodes, and AJCC stage. By multivariate analysis, DFS was independently associated with age, number of positive lymph nodes, and AJCC stage, and OS was independently associated with differentiation, margin status, number of positive lymph nodes, and AJCC stage. In addition, the treated patients had better OS and lower frequency of lymph node metastasis than those who had no neoadjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with PDAC who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and subsequent PD, post-therapy pathologic AJCC stage and number of positive lymph nodes are independent prognostic factors. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
The impact of recent vincristine on human hematopoietic progenitor cell collection in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumors.

Central nervous system (CNS) malignancies are the second most common cancer in children, accounting for 20% of all childhood cancers.1 In the United States alone, there are approximately 4200 new cases diagnosed each year with the highest incidence in children less than 5 years of age.1 Astrocytoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) including medulloblastoma, and ependymoma are the most frequent pediatric CNS cancers, with 5-year survival rates ranging from 40% to 80%.1–4 Poor prognostic factors include a young age (<3–5 years), macrometastases, a higher residual tumor burden after resection, tumor location, unfavorable tumor histology, or genetics.2,3,5,6 Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) have a particularly poor prognosis, with a median survival of only 16 months.7 Standard therapy for pediatric CNS tumors consists of early surgical resection and radiotherapy, usually accompanied by adjuvant chemotherapy.2–4 Radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment in older children, with 55% to 80% of medulloblastoma patients disease free after 5 years.2,8 Radiation is typically withheld, however, in very young children (≤3 years) due to the risk of long-term, progressive neuropsychiatric sequlae.2 As a consequence, adjuvant chemotherapy has been employed to delay or avoid radiotherapy in this population.2,4,9 Several clinical trials have shown that most patients, regardless of age, can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.2,3,8 In medulloblastoma, the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy has increased the overall 5-year survival of standard risk patients (70%–87%), infants (46%–86%), and patients with high-risk disseminated disease (44%–60%).3 In many protocols, adjuvant chemotherapy employs several courses of multiagent chemotherapy and weekly vincristine (VCR).2,3,8 To further improve outcomes in infants and other high-risk patients, more recent studies have added high-dose, myeloablative chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue.3,4,10 Patients generally undergo autologous peripheral blood human progenitor cell collection (AHPCC) after their first or second cycle of induction chemotherapy, followed later by one to three cycles of high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue.10–18 Because VCR is considered “marrow sparing” at the doses used clinically,19 most protocols stipulate the continued administration of weekly VCR between induction chemotherapy cycles (midcycle VCR [MC-VCR]), regardless of scheduled AHPCC.12,13,15–18 We anecdotally observed several poor AHPCC in young children who had received scheduled MC-VCR 1 week before AHPCC. To determine whether MC-VCR was a risk factor for poor CD34 mobilization and collection, we performed an 8-year retrospective review of all pediatric patients with a CNS malignancy and who underwent AHPCC at our institution.
Inventing the French Revolution: Essays on French Political Culture in the Eighteenth Century

Acknowledgements Introduction 1. On the problem of the ideological origins of the French Revolution Part I. French History at Issue: 2. Memory and practice: politics and the representation of the past in eighteenth-century France 3. Controlling French history: the ideological arsenal of Jacob-Nicolas Moreau 4. A script for a French revolution: the political consciousness of the abbe Mably Part II. The Language of Politics at the End of the Old Regime: 5. French political thought at the accession of Louis XVI 6. A classical republican in eighteenth-century Bordeaux: Guillaume-Joseph Saige 7. Science and politics at the end of the old regime 8. Public opinion as political invention Part III. Toward a Revolutionary Lexicon: 9. Inventing the French Revolution 10. Representation redefined 11. Fixing the French constitution Notes Index.
A New Set of Measures on Capital Account Restrictions

This paper extends the IMF's post-1996 disaggregated capital account indices back to 1983 for a representative sample of 34 countries. All the information used to construct the indices comes from IMF's Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions and is widely available. It is shown that the disaggregated indices do a better job than the pre-1996 single dummy in reflecting both global trends toward capital account liberalization and country-specific liberalization episodes that occurred during the period. Given the frequency oflMF reporting procedures, the disaggregated indices still fail to accurately track temporary control programs designed to fight off crises. Moreover; the lack of systematic information on enforcement means that the indices remain de jure. Some tentative solutions to these limitations are suggested.