cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Self‐Efficacy to Drive While Intoxicated: Insights into the Persistence of Alcohol‐Impaired Driving

BACKGROUND: Scant research has examined event-level risk factors for impaired driving in natural drinking settings. This study assessed driving self-efficacy among intoxicated individuals to better understand decision-making about alcohol-impaired driving at night after exiting on-premise drinking establishments. METHODS: Interview and breath test data were collected from bar patrons (n = 512) exiting 2 college bar districts in Florida and Texas. RESULTS: Results from a multivariable linear regression model indicated that self-efficacy to drive while intoxicated was more strongly associated with situational variables, that is, perceived drunkenness and self-estimated blood alcohol concentration than patron traits, that is, past-year history of drinking, risk proneness, and sex. A large proportion of bar patrons, particularly men, expressed confidence in their ability to drive, despite being highly intoxicated. Moreover, the majority of legally intoxicated patrons who were confident in their ability to drive were aware of their high level of intoxication. CONCLUSIONS: Emphasis should be placed on the enactment and enforcement of policies and laws to prevent alcohol-impaired driving. Language: en
Repositioning Colleges Using Changing Student Quality Perceptions: An Exploratory Analysis

ABSTRACT Colleges and universities must respond to competitive pressure in the marketplace by embracing the concept of quality as a marketing tool. Many colleges and universities have recently looked to the business arena and have adopted techniques, strategies, and the language of quality management. This exploratory study focuses on the identification and evaluation of student perceptions of salient attributes. The findings suggest that standards of quality are difficult to establish, since evaluations of university performance are not consistent, even among an undergraduate student population.
Distribution of the sum of two sine waves and Gaussian noise

The cumulative distribution of the envelope of the sum of two sine waves and narrowband Gaussian noise, the difference of the phases of the sine waves being uniformly distributed over (0, 2 pi ), is expressed as an integral that is evaluated by numerical quadrature. Approximation for the distribution valid in the limit of large signal-to-noise ratio are derived. The probability density function of the envelope is similarly treated. >
Ion exchange resin based soil solution lysimeters and snowmelt solution collectors

Conventional soil solution lysimeters and snowmelt solution collectors suffer from a number of limitations when used to estimate yearly nutrient fluxes. This study describes an alternative technique to directly measure soil and snowmelt solution fluxes utilizing ion exchange resin-based collectors. Resin-lysimeters were constructed by enclosing a layer of resin between two layers of nutrient-free silica sand within a polyvinyl chloride tube. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fluxes from resin based collectors were compared against buried resin bags, ceramic cup lysimeters, and traditional snowmelt solution collectors co-located in an eastern Sierra Nevada forest. Ammonium and P accumulation in resin lysimeters were one- to two orders of magnitude smaller than in buried resin bags placed in direct contact with the soil. Resin lysimeters and resin snowmelt collectors measured NH4–N and P fluxes that were three times greater than those estimated from ceramic cup lysimeters and solution snowmelt collectors. We ...
A ética na enfermagem e sua relação com poder e organização do trabalho

Dificuldades enfrentadas no cotidiano do trabalho da enfermagem, principalmente no âmbito hospitalar, tem sido denunciadas, sem que as implicacoes eticas decorrentes, tanto para os trabalhadores quanto, principalmente, para os clientes estejam sendo focalizadas ou, no minimo, suficientemente questionadas. A organizacao do trabalho pode constituir-se em fonte maior de sofrimento para os trabalhadores de enfermagem, estando relacionada ao exercicio de poder dos diferentes atores envolvidos nas instituicoes de saude, podendo provocar multiplos problemas morais e sofrimento moral. Com o presente texto, pretende-se explicitar, por meio de reflexao critica, algumas relacoes entre a organizacao do trabalho da enfermagem, as relacoes de poder ai presentes e a sua dimensao etica. Estrategias para uma atuacao etica das enfermeiras e demais profissionais da equipe de enfermagem, na organizacao do trabalho nas instituicoes de saude, apontam para a necessidade de exercicio de poder dessas profissionais, moralmente fundamentadas.
Modeling of medium voltage power electronics converters utilizing advanced simulation tools

This paper addresses the steady-state and dynamic modeling of a three-level, neutral-point-clamped (NPC) voltage source converter (VSC) with active front-end (AFE) in a commercial 2.5 MW variable speed motor drive (VSD). The AFE of the modeled VSD adopts the selective harmonic elimination SHE-PWM technique with the optimization of inverter power capacity and power source quality for a wide-range VSD system. The modeling effectively captures the lineside behavior of the VSD driving an induction motor with a simplified model that only considers the AFE in detail. Numerical simulation in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation package and experimental measurements of the existing physical setup are presented to validate the developed model. The VSC is used as an example to show the model development procedure that could be applied to other VSC and VSD applications. The off-grid operation with variable voltage source (VVS) based on power electronic converter is discussed as means to conduct model validation. Additionally, this paper will briefly discuss how the modeling approach can be used for dynamic parameter extraction.
Short-term fruit removal from a neotropical shrub with experimental bicoloured displays

Interest in the colour of fruits eaten by vertebrates has a long history (Ridley 1930, Turcek 1963, van der Pijl 1972). Within a given geographical area, colours of birdconsumed fruits compared with mammal-consumed fruits are fairly consistent (Janson 1983, Wheelwright & Janson 1985, Willson & Whelan 1990), but comparisons among different regions reveal selective pressures of different animal groups (Lord 2002, Willson et al. 1989). One consistent pattern among regions is that fruits with a twocolour display typically are eaten by birds (Wheelwright & Janson 1985, Willson & Thompson 1982, Willson & Whelan 1990). Thus, it is thought that such bicoloured displays are specifically adapted to attract birds and plants with these displays presumably benefit from seed dispersal by birds (Janson 1983, Willson & Whelan 1990). Two general types of bicoloured displays are recognized. Structural or morphological bicoloured displays are typically defined as those in which the fruit, or part of a fruit, is one colour (often blue or black) and an adjacent structure is a contrasting colour (often red). Adjacent contrasting structures include capsules, bracts, stems or pedicels (Wheelwright & Janson 1985, Willson & Thompson 1982). Polychromic species may be considered a type of structural bicoloured display (Lee et al. 1988, Willson & O’Dowd 1989), but typically the different colour morphs occur on different individuals (Gervais et al. 1999, Traveset & Willson 1998, Traveset et al. 2001, Willson 1983). A broad definition of structural bicoloured displays may include deciduous foliage changing colour (Stiles 1982), but this idea has been challenged (Herrera 1982, Willson & Hoppes 1986). Temporal bicoloured displays
Antimicrobial stewardship and automated pharmacy technology improve antibiotic appropriateness for community-acquired pneumonia.

BACKGROUND The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' (CMS's) Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting program includes the initial selection of antibiotics for adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients as a performance measure. A multidisciplinary team defined opportunities for improving performance in appropriate antibiotic use among CAP patients. The team consisted of personnel from the emergency department (ED), the antimicrobial stewardship program (infectious disease, pharmacy), and performance improvement. DESIGN Quasi-experimental before-after study. SETTING A large, urban, multicampus academic medical center. Interventions. Interventions included an algorithm for ED providers identifying appropriate antibiotic selections, development of a CAP kit consisting of appropriate antibiotics and dosing regimens bundled with the treatment algorithm, and preloading an automated ED medication dispensing and management system. A quality improvement methodology ("plan, do, check, act") was used to pilot stewardship interventions at one ED campus and later at a second ED campus. RESULTS In the pilot ED, appropriate antibiotic selection for CAP improved from 54.9% before the intervention in 2008 to 93.4% after the intervention in 2011 (P = .001). Subsequently, in the second ED appropriate antibiotic regimens for CAP improved from 64.6% before the intervention in 2008 to 91.3% after the intervention in 2011 (P = .004)). The rates of another CMS measure, antibiotic administration within 6 hours, were not statistically different before and after the interventions. In an interrupted time series logistic regression analysis, the intervention was found to be significantly associated with the improved prescribing ([Formula: see text]). DISCUSSION The combination of interdisciplinary teamwork, antibiotic stewardship, education, and information technology is associated with replicable and sustained prescribing improvements.
Simplification and repair of polygonal models using volumetric techniques

Two important tools for manipulating polygonal models are simplification and repair and we present voxel-based methods for performing both of these tasks. We describe a method for converting polygonal models to a volumetric representation in a way that handles models with holes, double walls, and intersecting parts. This allows us to perform polygon model repair simply by converting a model to and from the volumetric domain. We also describe a new topology-altering simplification method that is based on 3D morphological operators. Visually unimportant features such as tubes and holes may be eliminated from a model by the open and close morphological operators. Our simplification approach accepts polygonal models as input, scan converts these to create a volumetric description, performs topology modification, and then converts the results back to polygons. We then apply a topology-preserving polygon simplification technique to produce a final model. Our simplification method produces results that are everywhere manifold.
Pragmatic Electrical Engineering: Systems and Instruments

Abstract Pragmatic Electrical Engineering: Systems and Instruments is about some of the non-energy parts of electrical systems, the parts that control things and measure physical parameters. The primary topics are control systems and their characterization, instrumentation, signals, and electromagnetic compatibility. This text features a large number of completely worked examples to aid the reader in understanding how the various principles fit together. While electric engineers may find this material useful as a review, engineers in other fields can use this short lecture text as a modest introduction to these non-energy parts of electrical systems. Some knowledge of basic d-c circuits and of phasors in the sinusoidal steady state is presumed. Table of Contents: Closed-Loop Control Systems / Characterizing a System / Instrumentation / Processing Signals / Electromagnetic Compatibility
Observations of differential charging effects on ATS 6

Differential charging effects observed in the electron data of the University of California, San Diego, auroral particles experiment on Applied Technology Satellite 6 are described and analyzed. An electrostatic barrier around the environmental measurements experiment (EME) package on ATS 6 is shown to be the natural result of dielectrics around the spacecraft which are more negatively charged than the mainframe of the spacecraft. In particular, the large dish antenna on ATS 6 causes the formation of a barrier which traps particles emitted from the EME package surface and returns them to the spacecraft. The insulating surface of the rotating University of Minnesota detector on the otherwise conducting EME package is shown to be the source of accelerated fluxes of electrons during charging events.
A comparison of dual-rail pass transistor logic families in 1.5V, 0.18μm CMOS technology for low power applications

In this paper the results of an experimental comparison of popular pass-transistor logic families in 1.5V, 0.18µm CMOS technology using advanced CAD tools for circuit tuning and simulation are presented. The logic families were compared using an experimental setup designed to clarify the strengths and weaknesses of each family in a relative fashion and evaluate their individual performances under identical operating conditions. An automatic circuit tuner was used to help ensure that the test circuits from each logic family were operating at near optimum performance. It is shown that the Differential Cascode Voltage Switch with Pass-Gate (DCVSPG) logic family is the most robust with respect to an amalgamation of speed, power, area and physical design criteria. The methodology of using hybrid pass-transistor / static CMOS circuit styles is also presented.
Using shared parity disks to improve the reliability of RAID arrays

We propose to increase the reliability of RAID level 5 arrays used for storing archival data. First, we identify groups of two or three identical RAID arrays. Second, we add to each group a shared parity disk containing the diagonal parities of their arrays. We show that the new organization can tolerate all double disk failures and between 75 and 89 percent of triple disk failures without incurring any data loss. As a result, the additional parity disk increases the mean time to data loss of the arrays in the group it protects by at least 14,000 percent.
NEW MEDICATIONS FOR ASTHMA

Asthma therapy continues to evolve based on the understanding that asthma is predominantly a chronic inflammatory disease. Many newer agents have been developed to target inflammatory changes, whereas many of the older agents are being administered in new ways. Some agents, such as magnesium and heliox, are used only in refractory cases of asthma, and their efficacy, although in certain cases marked, requires much further study before routine use can be advocated. This discussion reviews new medications, considers new ways to use established therapies, and comments on medications that are used only rarely and the role for which has not been clearly established. For a guide to current recommendations on asthma therapy, the reader is advised to refer to the 1997 NIH Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. 87
Indomethacin versus radiation therapy for prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification in acetabular fractures

We report a prospective, randomised, blinded clinical comparison of the use of indomethacin or radiation therapy for the prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) in 75 adults who had open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures through either a Kocher-Langenbeck, a combined ilioinguinal and Kocher-Langenbeck, or an extended iliofemoral approach. Indomethacin, 25 mg, was given three times daily for six weeks. Radiation with 800 cGy was delivered within three days of operation. Plain radiographs were reviewed and given Brooker classification scores by three independent observers who were unaware of the method of prophylaxis.One patient died from unrelated causes and two were lost to follow-up, leaving 72, 33 in the radiation group and 39 in the indomethacin group, available for evaluation at a mean of 12 months (6 to 48). There was no significant difference in the two groups in terms of age, gender, injury severity score, estimated blood loss, delay to surgery, head injury, presence of fe...
A quantum-dot light-harvesting architecture using deterministic phase control

Efficient solar-energy harvesting is fundamental to solar cell technology. Much research effort has been devoted to the construction of new light-harvesting structures, including the use of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), to improve the widespread availability of solar cells. In this paper, a new light-harvesting architecture is considered, which utilizes quantum dots. The proposed architecture is composed of quantum phase-locked loops (QPLLs) to enhance the harvesting efficiency of QD solar cells by utilizing feedback control principles. The purpose of QPLL is to synchronize the phases of monochromatic light harvested by the antenna systems. This paper addresses a deterministic modeling and control formulation of the QPLL. The QPLL consists of a tracking controller and a proportional-integral (PI) controller. Simulation results for the controllers are presented and discussed.
Ultrasonic effects on dacus dorsalis

Larvae of Dacus dorsalis (Hendel), the oriental fruit fly, were exposed to cw ultrasound at frequencies of 43, 123 and 447 kHz, with eggs also exposed to 43 and 447 kHz. Mortality as a function of ultrasonic intensity and duration of exposure was determined. At 43 kHz, no eggs or larvae were found to survive 0.5 W/cm2 or 0.2 W/cm2, respectively. Also at higher frequencies the larvae were more sensitive to ultrasound than were the eggs. A dramatic increase of lethal intensity with frequency suggests cavitation as the mechanism by which mortality is induced.
Compatibility Conditions at Corners between Walls and Inflow Boundaries for Fluids of Maxwell Type

Wir zeigen einen Existenz- und Eindeutigkeitssatz fur stationare Stromungen von Flussigkeiten mit differentiellen konstitutiven Gleichungen vom Maxwellschen Typ. Die hier untersuchten Stromungen sind kleine Storungen einer ebenen Poiseuillestromung, und es wird angenommen, das die Scherrate in der ungestorten Poiseuillestromung hinreichend klein ist. Das Problem ist gestellt in einem rechteckigen Gebiet, wobei die Flussigkeit durch eine Seite hinein- und durch die gegenuberliegende Seite hinausfliest. Das Interesse konzentriert sich in erster Linie auf Kompatibilitatsbedingungen, welche die Daten des Problems erfullen mussen, um Singularitaten an den Ecken zwischen der Seite, durch die die Flussigkeit hineinstromt, und den Wanden zu vermeiden. We prove an existence and uniqueness result for steady for flows of fluids with differential constitutive laws of Maxwell type. The flows under consideration are small pertubations of plane Poiseuille flow, and the shear rate in the basic Poiseuille flow is assumed to be sufficiently small. The Problem is posed on a rectangular domain, Which has an inflow boundary and an outflow boundary. The main issue of interest is the nature of compatibility conditions which the data must satisfy in order to avoid singularities of the solution at the corners between the inflow boundary and the walls.
Online dating preferences of Asian Americans

This study investigates the inter- and intraracial dating preferences of heterosexual Asian males and females as well as gay Asian males. Using data collected from 1270 Internet dating profiles, logistic regression is employed to examine the odds of one’s willingness to date someone who is Asian, White, Black, Hispanic, and some other race. The findings suggest that heterosexual females and gay males prefer to date Whites over nonwhites. Moreover, respondents from both sexual orientations were less likely to express a preference to date another Asian compared to their heterosexual male counterparts. Our results also reveal that educational attainment influences the willingness among Asians to date a fellow Asian. Finally, the analyses indicate significant differences in dating preferences based on the region of residence and age. The current results are discussed in relation to both the historical and present sociocultural racial climate, focusing on how media depictions and identity formation may play a ...
Characterization of Contact Kinematics and Application to the Design of Wedge Dampers in Turbomachinery Blading: Part II — Prediction of Forced Response and Experimental Verification

In the second part of this paper, the application of the proposed dual-interface model to the prediction of the forced response of a blade constrained by wedge dampers will be presented. When considering cyclic loading, the induced friction forces and contact normal loads are combined so as to determine the effective stiffness and damping of the friction interfaces over a cycle of motion. The harmonic balance method is then used to impose the approximate stiffness and damping of the friction interfaces to a linear structure model of the blade. This approach results in a set of nonlinear algebraic equations that can be solved to yield the forced response of the blade excited by harmonic external forces. The predicted forced response can then be used to optimize a given damper design, namely to determine the dynamic weight at which the maximum reduction of resonant response is obtained. In order to illustrate the capacity of the proposed method and to examine its accuracy, the forced response of a test beam is examined. The prediction is also compared with the results of lab tests to validate the proposed dual-interface friction force model.Copyright © 1997 by ASME
Impaired lusitropy-frequency in the aging mouse: role of Ca2+-handling proteins and effects of isoproterenol

We examined the relationship between age-associated lusitropic impairment, heart rate, and Ca2+-handling proteins and assessed the efficacy of increasing left ventricular (LV) relaxation via β-adre...
Comparison of the intrapartum analysis of Doppler blood flow velocity waveform of the umbilical artery and fetal heart rate tracing for the prediction of perinatal outcome.

This study was performed to determine the value of umbilical artery Doppler flow velocity waveform (FVW) analysis and fetal heart rate (FHR) tracing in the course of labour for predicting poor perinatal outcome. The randomised, controlled and prospective study was carried out on 99 singleton term pregnant women in labour at the Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Hospital, Istanbul. All patients were evaluated by both methods during the intrapartum period. Blood gases and pH of umbilical venous blood and 1 and 5 minute Apgar scores of the newborn infants were determined immediately after delivery. For the prediction of poor perinatal outcome, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of FHR were 72.0%, 85.1%, 60.1% and 90.0%, respectively. FHR was pathological in all four cases with a neonatal death, whereas only two had pathological Doppler FVW. We conclude that FHR is a more sensitive method than umbilical artery Doppler FVW analysis (72.0% versus 36.0%) in the ...
Modeling the mechanism of the glutathione peroxidase mimic ebselen.

Ebselen (1), the quintessential mimic of the antioxidant selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx), is a potential chemopreventative for various diseases associated with oxidative stress. Density-functional theory (DFT) and solvent-assisted proton exchange (SAPE) are used to model the complex mechanism for scavenging of reactive oxygen species by 1. SAPE is a microsolvation method designed to approximate the role of bulk solvent in chemical processes involving proton transfer. Consistent with experimental studies, SAPE studies predict the reaction of 1 with thiol (RSH) to form a selenenyl sulfide 2 to be preferred under most conditions, with an alternate pathway through a selenoxide 3 possible at high reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations ([ROS] ≫ [RSH]). The reduction of 2 to the selenol 4, known to be rate-determining in the protein, has a high SAPE activation barrier due to a strong Se···O interaction which reduces the electrophilicity of the sulfur center of the -SeS- bond of 2. Thiols, such as...
Uncertainty Analysis of Hypersonic Flight Using Multi-Resolution Markov Operators

This paper presents a novel approach for the analysis of uncertainty propagation associated with hypersonic re-entry by a spacecraft. The well-known cell-to-cell mapping technique for the analysis of uncertainty in dynamical systems is combined with a heuristic algorithm for domain discretization, that can signicantly reduce computation eorts associated with the method. This is used to analyze the propagation of distributions arising from uncertain initial conditions in the hypersonic re-entry problem. It is shown that the results compare very well with Monte-Carlo simulations for initial conditions sampled from multivariate probability density functions for the initial conditions.
Dissolved Cl, oxygen fugacity, and their effects on Fe behavior in a hydrous rhyodacitic melt

We have conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the intrinsic effects of dissolved chlorine on Fe 3+ /∑Fe and magnetite solubility in hydrous chloride-rich rhyodaciticliquids. The addition of Cl to the melt appears to have two prominent effects on iron in the melt: (1) dissolved Cl appears to perturb the magnetite-melt equilibrium, such that greater FeO total contents are required to support magnetite saturation in Cl-bearing melts than in Cl-free melts of equivalent bulk compositions; and (2) a systematic and progressive decrease of the measured Fe 3+ /∑Fe as f O 2 is increased. These two intimately related effects each have important implications for redox processes occurring in Cl-enriched arc magmas.
Molecular Mechanism of α-Actinin Binding to F-Actin: Effect of K255E Mutation

Cytoskeletal arrangements and remodeling control many biological functions of the cell, e.g. motility and adhesion. Mechanical properties of cytoskeletal structures are determined by the dynamics of molecular cross-linkers involved in the formation of actin networks. α-Actinin is a crucial component of important actin assemblies including stress fibers and actin caps since it both cross-link actin filaments and can directly connect them to the focal adhesion sites. α-Actinin is an anti-parallel rod-shaped homodimer with one actin-binding domain (ABD) at each end. The ABD is composed of two calponin homology domains, CH1 and CH2, that can exist in either open or closed conformation, which most likely determines their affinity for actin. It has been suggested that the open conformation is more favorable for actin binding but it is not yet clear how molecular interactions of the open ABD are different from the closed conformation. We compared ABD association to actin in both closed and open states and revealed the key differences between the two using all-atomic molecular dynamics simulations. Furhtermore, the k255E mutation in human α-actinin4 is involved in a kidney disease and located at the interface between CH1 and CH2. It was shown that this mutation alters mechanical properties of the cytoskeleton presumably by increasing the affinity between α-actinin and actin. We investigated the effect of this mutaiton on the the ABD conformation and showed the molecular mechanism by which the K255E mutation changes the binding between α-actinin and actin. Our results provide a valuable insight into developing novel therapeutics for the kidney disease cause by the K255E mutation.
Statistical Analysis of Overweight/Obesity and Dyslipidemia in 457 Students in Guangzhou

Objective To explore the status of overweight /obesity and dyslipidemia in 457 students in Guangzhou.Methods A total of 457 students were recruited randomly from elementary school,junior high school,senior high school in Guangzhou.Various physical and biochemical parameters were measured.These included the height,body weight and fat content.Vein blood was collected for the measurement of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and TG.Dyslipidemia was determined according to recommendation of dyslipidemia criterion of adolescents defined by NCEP.Overweight /obesity was defined according to the criterion recommended by the Working Group on Obesity Problem in China.Results Results showed that 31.1 were dyslipidemia,36.3 were overweight /obesity and 15.8 were obesity.There was a significant difference in dyslipidemia between the normal and the overweight /obesity subjects(P0.05).Both TC and fat contents in the male subjects are significantly different from the female subjects(P0.05).With the exception of LDL-C,BMI was correlated with TG,TC,and HDL-C(P0.05).Conclusion The situation of overweight /obesity in students has reached an alarming level.
Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Treatment in the Age of Molecular Targeted Therapy

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most aggressive and deadly cancers in humans and accounts for one to two cases per million persons annually. The rarity of this malignancy and the rapidity by which it grows has been a major barrier to progress in finding effective therapies. Thus, the treatment that is the current standard of care for these patients is largely palliative, and few are cured; however, novel therapies and approaches are being studied in patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and are delineated herein.
Surgical approaches to the thoracolumbar spine

Surgical treatment of diseases involving the thoracolumbar spine offers a unique challenge to the spine surgeon. Although more familiar posterior techniques are useful for a variety of thoracolumbar problems, the management of disease in this region is often optimized by an anterior approach. Thoracolumbar surgery requires an understanding of the relevant surgical anatomy, the pathologic processes affecting this region, and the relative indications and contraindications for particular operative strategies. It is also essential to be familiar with the management of potential morbidity, methods for avoiding complications, and the selection of particular fusion techniques and instrumentation devices associated with specific operative strategies.
Parenting and Safety Program for System-Involved Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Qualitative Follow-up Study

This article reports findings from a qualitative follow-up investigation of a mandated parenting and safety program for system-involved female IPV survivors. Participants were contacted 12 months or more after program completion and invited to participate in individual interviews. The interviews focused on the longer-term life changes survivors attributed to the program. Data were collected from 38 survivors. Qualitative analysis determined 4 key themes: relationship changes (e.g., most women were no longer with abusive partners), parenting changes (e.g., improved communication and discipline strategies), personal life changes (e.g., improved help-seeking and self-esteem), and new or ongoing challenges (e.g., financial stress). Overall, findings suggest that tailored, mandated programming — when positive and empowering — may lead to some longer-term beneficial outcomes.
Clinical behavior of intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma in two-related Quarter Horses.

The objective of this paper is to describe clinical behavior, histopathologic features, and immunohistochemical staining of two-related horses with intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma. Two-related Quarter Horses with similar intraocular masses presented to the UF-CVM Comparative Ophthalmology Service for evaluation and treatment. The first horse, a 3-year-old gelding, had glaucoma and a cyst-like mass in the anterior chamber. Enucleation was performed. Histopathology revealed a teratoid medulloepithelioma. The tumor was considered to be completely excised. Fifteen months later, the gelding presented with swelling of the enucleated orbit and local lymph nodes with deformation of the skull. Cytology revealed neuroectodermal neoplastic cells. Necropsy confirmed tumor metastasis. Six weeks later, a 9-year-old mare, a full sibling to the gelding, presented for examination. An infiltrative mass of the iris and ciliary body was found that extended into the anterior, posterior, and vitreal chambers. Uveitis was present, but secondary glaucoma was not noted. Enucleation was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was also teratoid medulloepithelioma. The mare has had no recurrence to date, 2 years following enucleation. Metastasis of intraocular teratoid medulloepithelioma is possible. Staging is recommended in cases where the diagnosis of teratoid medulloepithelioma is confirmed. Surveillance of full siblings is recommended until more information regarding etiology is known.
Etiology of Attention Deficit Disorders

Familial-genetic factors in the etiology of attention deficit disorder (ADDH) were studied in 145 children who met the DSM-III criteria at the Neuropediatrics Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
ATPS-43POTENTIAL ROLE OF MOLECULAR GENETIC PROFILING TEST FOR THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CNS MALIGNANCIES

BACKGROUND: Recurrent systemic malignancies with CNS metastases and recurrent malignant gliomas have a poor outcome. Once recurred and metastasized to CNS from systemic malignancies, prognosis is poor and most patients (pts) succumb to death within few weeks, even with treatment. The treatment options for recurrent malignant gliomas and rare CNS malignancies are also very limited due to lack of available drugs that are known to be effective. Most of these pts will not qualify for clinical trials. New novel treatment options are desperately needed. METHODS: 16 pts (5 pts: systemic malignancies with CNS involvement, 7 pts: glioblastomas, 4 pts: meningiomas) who were treated based on molecular genetic profile were evaluated. Molecular genetic profiling tests were performed from the tissue obtained from the previous surgery. Based on the test results after identifying the potential molecular target, each pt received the appropriate systemic therapy based on actionable mutations. Age, performance status, extent of CNS involvement and CNS penetration of the drug were carefully factored in choosing the appropriate drug for each pt. Tumor response was assessed with MRI after 1-2 cycles of treatment. RESULTS: All 5 pts with systemic malignancies and CNS involvement had a response. 2 PR (1 Squamous Ca and 1 Ovarian Ca, 3 SD (1 Squamous Ca, 1 Esthesioneuroblastoma, 1 Leiomyosarcoma). Tumor response was durable with 4 pts still alive and receiving Txs for >4 mo. 1 failed after 8 mo of therapy. 5/7 glioblastoma pts had SD for a minimum of 2 mo. 3 pts are currently undergoing Tx for >3mo. 4/4 meningiomas had SD for > 4 mo. CONCLUSION: Treatment of heterogeneously diverse primary and secondary CNS malignancies based on the molecular markers could be possible and thorough understanding of the key pathways and careful evaluation of each drug should be an integral part of treatment planning.
Contribution of engineered nanomaterials physicochemical properties to mast cell degranulation.

The rapid development of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) has grown dramatically in the last decade, with increased use in consumer products, industrial materials, and nanomedicines. However, due to increased manufacturing, there is concern that human and environmental exposures may lead to adverse immune outcomes. Mast cells, central to the innate immune response, are one of the earliest sensors of environmental insult and have been shown to play a role in ENM-mediated immune responses. Our laboratory previously determined that mast cells are activated via a non-FceRI mediated response following silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) exposure, which was dependent upon key physicochemical properties. Using bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), we tested the hypothesis that ENM physicochemical properties influence mast cell degranulation. Exposure to 13 physicochemically distinct ENMs caused a range of mast degranulation responses, with smaller sized Ag NPs (5 nm and 20 nm) causing the most dramatic response. Mast cell responses were dependent on ENMs physicochemical properties such as size, apparent surface area, and zeta potential. Surprisingly, minimal ENM cellular association by mast cells was not correlated with mast cell degranulation. This study suggests that a subset of ENMs may elicit an allergic response and contribute to the exacerbation of allergic diseases.
Effect of multidisciplinary tumor conference on clinical management of rectal cancer.

749Background: Presentation of rectal cancer cases at a multidisciplinary tumor conference (MTC) is a required standard for the newly formed National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer. However, its impact on clinical decision-making remains incompletely defined. Our aim was to determine the frequency and manner in which MTC changed the management of patients with rectal cancer at a tertiary academic center. Methods: All rectal cancer cases presented at the weekly Colorectal Cancer MTC between July 2015 and June 2016 at a single institution were prospectively included. Patient demographics and clinical information were recorded. The presenting physician completed a uniform written questionnaire outlining their plan before and after the MTC discussion, and any changes in management as a result of the discussion. Imaging and pathology were reviewed for each case at MTC and consistency with prior interpretation was recorded. Results: 234 unique initial rectal cancer cases were included. Survey responses...
Segond Fractures Are Not a Risk Factor for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Failure

Background:Segond fractures may be identified when an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is diagnosed and likely represent an avulsion of the anterolateral ligament. It is currently unclear whether these fractures can be ignored at the time of ACL reconstruction or if they should be addressed surgically.Purpose:To compare the incidence of Segond fractures in patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction compared with those undergoing revision ACL reconstruction in an attempt to determine if the presence of a Segond fracture predisposes to ACL reconstruction failure.Study Design:Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:A retrospective review of all patients undergoing primary or revision ACL reconstruction between 2007 and 2014 was performed. Demographic data (age, sex, body mass index), injury variables (acuity, mechanism of injury), and radiographic features (concomitant ligamentous injuries, growth plate status) were documented. Each Segond fracture was analyzed for its specific location,...
The Ability of an Aftermarket Helmet Add-On Device to Reduce Impact-Force Accelerations During Drop Tests

Context: The Guardian Cap provides a soft covering intended to mitigate energy transfer to the head during football contact. Yet how well it attenuates impacts remains unknown. Objective: To evaluate the changes in the Gadd Severity Index (GSI) and linear acceleration during drop tests on helmeted headforms with or without Guardian Caps. Design: Crossover study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Nine new football helmets sent directly from the manufacturer. Intervention(s): We dropped the helmets at 3 velocities on 6 helmet locations (front, side, right front boss, top, rear right boss, and rear) as prescribed by the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment. Helmets were tested with facemasks in place but no Guardian Cap and then retested with the facemasks in place and the Guardian Cap affixed. Main Outcome Measure(s): The GSI scores and linear accelerations measured in g forces. Results: For the GSI, we found a significant interaction among drop locatio...
Biobehavioral assessment of the anxiety disorders: Current progress and future directions

It is difficult to accurately assess and differentially diagnose the anxiety disorders. The current system of assessment relies heavily on the subjective measures of client self-report, clinical observation, and clinical judgment. Fortunately, recent technological advances may enable practitioners to utilize objective, biobehavioral measures of assessment in a clinical setting. The current body of literature on two of these biobehavioral tools (eye-tracking and electrocardiogram devices) is promising, but more validation and standardization research is needed to maximize the utility of these devices. Eye-tracking devices are uniquely capable of providing data that can be used to differentially diagnose anxiety disorders from both other commonly comorbid and misdiagnosed disorders. Both eye-tracking and electrocardiogram devices are able to provide change-sensitive assessment information. This objective, real-time feedback can assist clinicians and researchers in assessing treatment efficacy and symptom fluctuation. Recently developed wearable and highly portable electrocardiogram devices, like the wearable fitness and behavior tracking devices used by many consumers, may be particularly suited for providing this feedback to clinicians. Utilizing these biobehavioral devices would supply an objective, dimensional component to the current categorical diagnostic assessment system. We posit that if adequate funding and attention are directed at this area of research, it could revolutionize diagnostic and on-going assessment practices and, in doing so, bring the field of diagnosis out of the 20th century.
Statin Use and Breast Cancer Prognosis in Black and White Women.

Studies show decreased risk of breast cancer recurrence and improved survival with statin use, but data on racial disparities regarding breast cancer prognosis and statin use are lacking. Our objective was to investigate if racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis can be partially explained by differences in pre-diagnosis statin use. Patients were identified from a prospective, multicenter study examining the effects of metabolic factors on breast cancer prognosis in Black and White women. Statin use, prognosis (as measured by Nottingham Prognostic Index), anthropometric, tumor, and socio-demographic characteristics were examined. Five hundred eighty-seven women (487 White, 100 Black) with newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancer were recruited. Obesity was more prevalent in Black women than White women (47 vs 19%, p < 0.01); both groups had similar low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (113 ± 41 vs 113 ± 36 mg/dl, p = 0.90). More Black women used statins than White women (18 vs 11%, p = 0.06). Black women had a worse prognosis in an adjusted model than White women (OR 2.13 95% CI 1.23–3.67). Statin use was not associated with prognosis in unadjusted (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.53–2.0) and adjusted models (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.56–2.31). In women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, Black women were more likely to be treated with statins than White women, contrary to previous studies. Black women had worse prognosis than White women, but this difference was not explained by differences in pre-diagnosis statin use. Our study suggests that differences in pre-diagnosis statin use do not contribute to racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis.
Observation and Applications of Electromechanical Wave Propagation Based on Wide-Area Synchronous Measurement

Abstract Electromechanical wave propagation affects many aspects of power grids, including control and protection. FNET/GridEye, a wide-area distribution-level measurement system, is found to be able to provide unprecedented insight into power system electromechanical wave behavior. This paper discusses the power system electromechanical wave propagation observed in FNET/GridEye and the implementation of algorithms based on wave propagation, including disturbance detection and location, and the development of the propagation speed distribution map.
Plasma cell leukemia presenting as "lymphocytosis".

![Figure][1] A 70-year-old man presented with anemia and “lymphocytosis” (panel A; Wright-Giemsa stain, original magnification ×1000). Bone marrow biopsy revealed diffuse small neoplastic cells (panel B; hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification ×200) morphologically similar
Dermal Patch Urethroplasty: Experimental and Clinical Experience

Our experience with a dermal patch graft urethroplasty is presented in 10 Pitman-Moore minipigs. Histologic review at various post-urethroplasty intervals showed epithelialization of the graft. In addition, several cases in which this technique was used are presented with early followup. The advantages of dermal patch urethroplasty as well as the application of dermal grafts in other areas of the urinary tract are discussed.
Analysis of Diffractive Optical Neural Networks and Their Integration With Electronic Neural Networks

Optical machine learning offers advantages in terms of power efficiency, scalability, and computation speed. Recently, an optical machine learning method based on diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs) has been introduced to execute a function as the input light diffracts through passive layers, designed by deep learning using a computer. Here, we introduce improvements to D2NNs by changing the training loss function and reducing the impact of vanishing gradients in the error back-propagation step. Using five phase-only diffractive layers, we numerically achieved a classification accuracy of 97.18% and 89.13% for optical recognition of handwritten digits and fashion products, respectively; using both phase and amplitude modulation (complex-valued) at each layer, our inference performance improved to 97.81% and 89.32%, respectively. Furthermore, we report the integration of D2NNs with electronic neural networks to create hybrid classifiers that significantly reduce the number of input pixels into an electronic network using an ultra-compact front-end D2NN with a layer-to-layer distance of a few wavelengths, also reducing the complexity of the successive electronic network. Using a five-layer phase-only D2NN jointly optimized with a single fully connected electronic layer, we achieved a classification accuracy of 98.71% and 90.04% for the recognition of handwritten digits and fashion products, respectively. Moreover, the input to the electronic network was compressed by >7.8 times down to 10 × 10 pixels. Beyond creating low-power and high-frame rate machine learning platforms, D2NN-based hybrid neural networks will find applications in smart optical imager and sensor design.
Abstract TP328: Cost-Utility of Intravenous Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: a Systematic Review

Background: Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rtPA) is a recommended thrombolytic for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke that has shown to improve outcomes in various tri...
Multilayer Noninteracting Dielectric Metasurfaces for Multiwavelength Metaoptics

Metasurfaces provide a versatile platform for manipulating the wavefront of light using planar nanostructured surfaces. Transmissive metasurfaces, with full 2π phase control, are a particularly att...