cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ORDERED ARRAYS GENERATED VIA METAL-INITIATED SELF-ASSEMBLY OF TERPYRIDINE CONTAINING DENDRIMERS AND BRIDGING LIGANDS

The interfacial reaction of the terpyridyl-pendant dendrimers (dend-n-tpy; n = 4, 8, 32) and of the bridging ligand 1,4-bis[4,4‘ ‘-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘terpyridine-4‘-yl]benzene (BBDTB) dissolved in CH2Cl2 with aqueous Fe2+ or Co2+ gives rise to film formation on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surfaces. Molecularly resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images reveal that these films form highly ordered 2-D hexagonal arrays which appear to be composed of one-dimensional polymeric strands with a repeat unit of (tpy-dend-tpy-M)x in the case of dendrimers or (tpy-bridge-tpy-M)x in the case of BBDTB (M = Fe2+, Co2+). The extension of the ordered domains appears to be delimited by terrace width. The dimensions obtained from an analysis of STM images is consistent with the size of the dendrimer or the bridging ligand (obtained from molecular modeling) from which the films are derived. In the case of films derived from dend-n-tpy the ordering is dependent on the dendrimer generation. In a...
Distinguished Lecture in General Anthropology: The Anthropology of Trouble

This essay was presented as the Distinguished Lecture in General Anthropology at the 91st Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association, December 4, 1992, in San Francisco, California.
GaAs electrically injected exciton-polariton laser

Electrically injected polariton lasing from a GaAs-based modulation-doped microcavity diode has been demonstrated under an applied magnetic field of 7 Tesla at 30 K. Polariton lasing and condensation characteristics have been measured and analyzed.
Lateral supratentorial endodermal cyst: case report and review of literature.

Objective and importance Epithelial cysts of the central nervous system are unusual entities, with the majority reported to occur in the spinal canal. More unusual is the intracranial presentation, which shows a predilection for midline localization in the posterior fossa, brainstem, and suprasellar regions. This report discusses the differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, radiographic presentation, and therapeutic considerations of a laterally positioned cerebral convexity endodermal cyst. Clinical presentation A 49-year-old right-handed man presented with approximately a 30-month history of short- and long-term memory difficulties. A magnetic resonance imaging study revealed a large, nonenhancing, extra-axial cystic lesion overlying the right lateral frontal convexity. Intervention A right frontoparietal craniotomy exposed a large extra-axial cyst with an opaque, yellowish-white membrane containing a mucoid fluid. Histological analysis disclosed a layer of unremarkable, ciliated columnar epithelium with a basement membrane that stained positive for cytokeratin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Alcian blue. No evidence of either a muscular or cartilaginous layer around the mucosa was present to further delineate neurenteric versus bronchogenic origin of the cyst. Conclusion This case involved the occurrence of a solitary endodermal cyst as an extra-axial mass localized over the lateral frontal lobe. The lateral supratentorial localization of this lesion illustrates the need for consideration of the pathogenesis of this entity as well as its diagnostic differentiation from other cystic abnormalities in this region. A review of the histochemistry of endodermal, neuroepithelial, and other cerebral cysts is presented.
Evidence for the involvement of spinal cord glia in subcutaneous formalin induced hyperalgesia in the rat

Subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of formalin induces a rapid and prolonged hyperalgesia across widespread areas of the body. This hyperalgesic state involves a brain-to-spinal cord pathway, likely arising from the nucleus raphe magnus. The present study examined whether subsequent activation of spinal cord glia may be critical for the hyperalgesic state to be observed in rats. Glia were considered candidates as they can, upon activation, release a variety of substances known to be critical for the mediation of subcutaneous formalin-induced hyperalgesia including glutamate, aspartate, nitric oxide, arachidonic acid and cyclooxygenase products such as prostaglandins. This series of experiments demonstrate that formalin-induced hyperalgesia in rats can be blocked by intrathecal administration of agents that: (a) disrupt glial function (using either 1 nmol fluorocitrate which is a glial metabolic inhibitor, or 9 μg CNI-1493 which disrupts synthesis of nitric oxide and cytokines in monocyte-derived cells; ANOVA revealed reliable group effects for each drug with P<0.0005); or (b) disrupt the action of glial products (using 10, 50, or 100 μg of a human recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist or 10 μl antibody directed against nerve growth factor; ANOVA revealed reliable group effects for each drug with P<0.001). Disruption appeared to be selective, as blockade of only select glial products was effective. That is, up to 120 μg of a functional antagonist of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF binding protein) and 5 μl of an antibody against complement-3 produced no statistically reliable reduction in formalin-induced hyperalgesia. Taken together, the present series of experiments suggest an important role for spinal glial cells in the cascade of events that are initiated by descending signals following s.c. administration of formalin.
The specific inhibition of catalase by substituted phenols.

Abstract 1. 1. 2,4-Dichlorophenol (DCP) reversibly inhibits the action of catalase, half-inhibition being conferred by approximately 2 × 10 −6 M . 2. 2. Other heme enzymes, e.g., peroxidase, cytochrome oxidase, and hemoglobin are unaffected by DCP at this concentration, or at concentrations below 10 −4 M . The use of DCP as a specific anti-catalase agent in crude enzyme mixtures or in vivo is therefore indicated. 3. 3. Other substituted phenols also possess anti-catalase activity, although generally to a lesser degree than DCP.
Effect of network-induced delays in control systems: Application to dc motor control

In a Networked Control System (NCS), sensors, controllers and actuators are connected to the communication network as nodes instead of hardwiring them with point-to-point connections. These networks are also called Fieldbus Networks. The communication network may introduce time delays while exchanging data among devices connected to the shared network medium due to bus arbitration schemes used. These delays can degrade the system performance. The traditional controllers that do not consider the time delays in the design may not perform adequately when applied in NCS. In this paper the impact of these delays on closed loop control system performance measures such as stability, peak overshoot, and settling time are investigated. The paper demonstrates these effects on a control system with a Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) controller using simulation of a DC motor model with MATLAB/Simulink software. A recent paper used the traditional Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) design with a delayed state and illustrated the degraded performance for a system with control over wireless networks. This paper suggests the use of a LQR design that takes delays into account for NCS which may not degrade the performance, and illustrates the improved results for a DC motor control system. The paper also studies the robust stability properties of these controllers.
Induction of uteroglobin-related protein 2 (Ugrp2) expression by EGF and TGFα

Uteroglobin-related protein 2 (UGRP2) is thought to play a role in inflammation and/or epithelial cell differentiation in the lung. Induction of Ugrp2 mRNA expression by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor α was examined using mouse transformed lung Clara cell-derived mtCC cells. The EGF-induced increase of Ugrp2 occurred at the transcriptional level that required the EGF receptor and the activation of the ERK-MAPK and phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathways.
Photon Pair Production and the Intermediate Mass Higgs Boson

We study the production of photon pairs at future hadron colliders from quark-antiquark annihilation and gluon fusion via quark loops. We show that gluon fusion is just as important as quark-antiquark annihilation for photon pairs of invariant mass less than 200 GeV, and that the gluon-fusion cross section is twice as large for a light top quark as for a heavy top quark. Photon pairs are an irreducible background to the two-photon decay mode of the Higgs boson, which is important if the Higgs boson is of intermediate mass (m/sub H/<2M/sub W/) and m/sub H/<2m/sub t/, i.e., if its decay to top quarks is kinematically forbidden. If that is the case, we show that the top-quark contribution to the gluon-fusion process is small and, if m/sub H/approx. =2m/sub t/, is even destructive. We also show that a judicious choice of cuts can improve the signal-to-background ratio.
The impact of Hurricane Ivan on the primary productivity and metabolism of marsh tidal creeks in the NorthCentral Gulf of Mexico

Past research has examined hurricane impacts on marine communities such as seagrass beds, coral reefs, and mangroves, but studies on how hurricanes affect marsh tidal creeks are lacking despite the important ecological roles that marsh tidal creeks have in coastal ecosystems. Here we report on the impact of Hurricane Ivan, which made landfall on September 16, 2004, on the primary productivity and metabolism of six marsh tidal creeks in the NorthCentral Gulf of Mexico. The hurricane did not seem to have any large, lasting impact on nutrient concentrations, primary productivity, metabolism, and chlorophyll a concentration in the water-column of the marsh tidal creeks. In contrast, the hurricane seemed to largely decrease gross primary productivity, net productivity, and chlorophyll a concentration in the sediment of the marsh tidal creeks. The results observed for Hurricane Ivan were coincident with those observed for four other major storms that made landfall close to the study area during 2005, Tropical Storm Arlene and Hurricanes Cindy, Dennis, and Katrina. However, the apparent negative impact of major storms on the sediment of the marsh tidal creeks did not seem to be long-lived and appeared to be dissipated within a few weeks or months after landfall. This suggests that marsh tidal creeks mostly covered with bare sediment are less disturbed by hurricanes than other types of marine communities populated with bottom-attached and/or more rigid organisms, such as seagrass meadows, coral reefs, and mangroves, where hurricane impacts can be larger and last longer.
Angular Distribution of Scattered Ultrasound from a Single Steel Sphere in Agar Gelatin: A Comparison between Theory and Experiment:

Experimental results for the angular distribution of scattered ultrasound in water from a 0.635 mm diameter steel sphere embedded in agar were obtained for interrogating frequencies of 1.0, 2.25, 3.5 and 5.0 MHz. The experimental results compared favorably with theoretical predictions based on the work of Faran. The results for both theory and experiment are presented in the form of the Differential Scattering Cross Section (DSC) for scattering angles from 170° to 44°. The implications of this study on calculating the expected scattering behavior of gelatin based ultrasound phantoms are briefly discussed.
Complications of hyaluronic acid injections or something else

treatment methods, including application of ice, warm massage, oral antibiotics, intralesional hyaluronidase injection, laser treatment and surgical excision, have been performed for various HA injection-related complications and presentations, suggesting that no single method is yet an accepted standard of care. One of the strengths of this report is its relatively large patient sample. However, this report also has limitations. First, this study was a cross-sectional, retrospective study and is therefore limited in its ability to assess changes in satisfaction over time. Second, our patients suffered from relatively severe complications when compared with those described in most other reports. For these reasons, our results cannot be generalised to patients in all circumstances. Third, our results may be affected by response bias
Too many cooks don't spoil the broth: light simulation on massively parallel computers

A computer graphics algorithm for simulating the propagation of light and its interaction with matter on a massively parallel computer is presented. This algorithm, called the tagged shooting method, is designed for a virtual machine containing a great number of simple communicating processors arrayed into a cubical three-dimensional lattice. Only nearest neighbor communication among processors is assumed, and there is no reliance on global shared memory. The algorithm is similar in spirit to the classical progressive refinement radiosity method designed for more conventional computers but is not an adaptation of that technique to massive parallelism. Instead, the new algorithm uses a discretization of the wave equation as a local rule for shuttling radiant energy values between processors that correspond to regions of space. A number of example images that were created with an implementation of the algorithm on a Connection Machine are depicted and critiqued. >
Influence of Criticality on 1/f &#945; Spectral Characteristics of Cortical Neuron Populations

Critical properties of dynamical models of neural populations are studied. Synchronization of the firing of widely dispersed neurons enables the emergence of spatial patterns of cortical activity. Using neuropercolation model introduced in the literature in the past few years, the dynamics of neural populations is studied near critical regimes. Behavior is evaluated with respect to long-range axonal density and sparseness of feedback between excitatory and inhibitory populations. The results show that 1/falpha spectral behavior emerges near criticality, where exponent alpha is function of the critical state of the system.
Omental transposition for cerebral infarction: a 13-year follow-up study.

BACKGROUND During the past decade there has been increasing use of omental transposition to the brain of patients who experienced neurologic sequelae after a cerebral infarction. This paper reports the long-term neurologic effects seen in a patient who underwent omental transposition 31 months after a stroke. Her postoperative follow-up period has been 13 years. CASE DESCRIPTION The patient had an expressive aphasia, a right hemiparesis and the inability to read which occurred immediately after her stroke. After surgery she demonstrated subjective and objective improvement in her speech and mobility. She also regained her ability to read shortly after surgery. CONCLUSION The patient demonstrated that omental transposition to the brain can improve neurologic function in the presence of a long-standing cerebral infarction and that the clinical improvement can be maintained over an extended period.
Determination of 4-aminopyridine in plasma

Abstract Gas-liquid chromatographic procedures for the determination of 4-aminopyridine in human and animal plasma are reported. The procedures involve the addition of an internal standard 3-methyl-4-aminopyridine to plasma followed by extraction into methylene chloride/isopropranol under alkaline conditions. The isolated amines are converted to their pentafluoropropionyl or monochlorodifluoracetyl derivatives and are quantified after chromatographic separation using either electron-capture or nitrogen-phosphorus detectors. The sensitivity of these procedures is such that nanogram amounts of 4-aminopyridine can be readily determined.
National Security Council: Simulating Decision-making Dilemmas in Real Time

National Security Council is a real-time, semester-long simulation of the senior advisory group to the US President on national security and foreign policy. The simulation requires undergraduate students to role-play policymakers charged with long-range security planning and responding to actual events and crises as they happen. Students are encouraged to exercise their own judgment, but must operate within the political, bureaucratic, and organizational confines of the office (for example, Secretary of State, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, etc.). Students conduct briefings, develop initiatives, and debate policy positions and proposals. Weekly meetings are supplemented with occasional special sessions to deal with real-world developments (for example, Arab Spring protests, military crisis with North Korea, major humanitarian emergency). The simulation course promotes accountability, independent and team learning, and oral communications skills, and forces students to grapple with bureaucratic turf battles, time pressure, and rapidly changing real-world situations. Several iterations between 2007 and 2012 yield insights into best practices for pedagogy and assessment, but also raise questions about the appropriate roles of technology, social networking, and the Internet.
Hydrogen Peroxide Fluxes and Compartmentalization inside Growing Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli generates about 14 microM hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) per s when it grows exponentially in glucose medium. The steady-state intracellular concentration of H(2)O(2) depends on the rates at which this H(2)O(2) is dissipated by scavenging enzymes and by efflux from the cell. The rates of H(2)O(2) degradation by the two major scavenging enzymes, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and catalase, were quantified. In order to estimate the rate of efflux, the permeability coefficient of membranes for H(2)O(2) was determined. The coefficient is 1.6 x 10(-3) cm/s, indicating that permeability is substantial but not unlimited. These data allowed internal H(2)O(2) fluxes and concentrations to be calculated. Under these growth conditions, Ahp scavenges the majority of the endogenous H(2)O(2), with a small fraction degraded by catalase and virtually none persisting long enough to penetrate the membrane and exit the cell. The robust scavenging activity maintains the H(2)O(2) concentration inside glucose-grown cells at <10(-7) M, substantially below the level (10(-6) M) at which toxicity is evident. When extracellular H(2)O(2) is present, its flux into the cell can be rapid, but the internal concentration may still be an order of magnitude lower than that outside. The presence of such gradients was confirmed in experiments that revealed different degrees of oxidative stress in cocultured scavenger-deficient mutants. The limited permeability of membranes to H(2)O(2) rationalizes the compartmentalization of scavenging systems and predicts that bacteria that excrete redox-cycling drugs do not experience the same H(2)O(2) dose that they impose on their competitors.
MOMENT-BASED METHOD FOR RANDOM EFFECTS SELECTION IN LINEAR MIXED MODELS

The selection of random eects in linear mixed models is an important yet challenging problem in practice. We propose a robust and unied framework for automatically selecting random eects and estimating covariance components in linear mixed models. A moment-based loss function is rst constructed for esti- mating the covariance matrix of random eects. Two types of shrinkage penalties, a hard thresholding operator and a new sandwich-type soft-thresholding penalty, are then imposed for sparse estimation and random eects selection. Compared with existing approaches, the new procedure does not require any distributional assumption on the random eects and error terms. We establish the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimator in terms of its consistency in both random eects selection and variance component estimation. Optimization strategies are
DMT modulation for enabling low-power unretimed high-speed optical modules

We present Monte-Carlo simulation results demonstrating feasibility of unretimed serial 56 Gb/s host ASIC-to-ASIC transmission based on DMT modulation. The model includes a 6 bit DAC/ADC, CEI-28G-VSR electrical channel, and 25G-class DFB transmitter.
Acculturation Matters: Risk Perceptions of Smoking among Bosnian Refugees Living in the United States

The relationship between acculturation and health behavior change is complex. Little research has focused on acculturation and perceptions of health-related risks. This study investigated acculturation and risk per- ceptions of heart attack and lung cancer among a group of refugees. Questionnaires were distributed to a sample of Bosnian refugees living in the United States (N = 55). Results indicated that smokers thought they were less at risk than other smokers and no more at risk than non-smokers, whereas non-smokers did not think they were less at risk than other non-smokers. Greater acculturation was associated with greater perception of smokers' risk of heart attack and lung cancer. Smoking cessation interventions with refugees should incorporate culturally appropriate risk information.
MONOTONICITY PROPERTIES OF DIRICHLET INTEGRALS WITH APPLICATIONS TO THE MULTINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION AND THE ANOVA TEST1

Abstract : The paper is concerned with establishing bounds for certain Dirichlet integrals. These integrals have importance in tail probabilities for the multinomial distribution, and the simultaneous analysis of variance F-distribution are special cases of this integral. (Author)
System-level virtualization research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

System-level virtualization is today enjoying a rebirth as a technique to effectively share what had been considered large computing resources which subsequently faded from the spotlight as individual workstations gained in popularity with a ''one machine-one user'' approach. One reason for this resurgence is that the simple workstation has grown in capability to rival anything similar, available in the past. Thus, computing centers are again looking at the price/performance benefit of sharing that single computing box via server consolidation. However, industry is only concentrating on the benefits of using virtualization for server consolidation (enterprise computing) whereas our interest is in leveraging virtualization to advance high-performance computing (HPC). While these two interests may appear to be orthogonal, one consolidating multiple applications and users on a single machine while the other requires all the power from many machines to be dedicated solely to its purpose, we propose that virtualization does provide attractive capabilities that may be exploited to the benefit of HPC interests. This does raise the two fundamental questions: is the concept of virtualization (a machine ''sharing'' technology) really suitable for HPC and if so, how does one go about leveraging these virtualization capabilities for the benefit of HPC. To address these questions, this document presents ongoing studies on the usage of system-level virtualization in a HPC context. These studies include an analysis of the benefits of system-level virtualization for HPC, a presentation of research efforts based on virtualization for system availability, and a presentation of research efforts for the management of virtual systems. The basis for this document was the material presented by Stephen L. Scott at the Collaborative and Grid Computing Technologies meeting held in Cancun, Mexico on April 12-14, 2007.
Complexity-effective reorder buffer designs for superscalar processors

All contemporary dynamically scheduled processors support register renaming to cope with false data dependencies. One of the ways to implement register renaming is to use the slots within the reorder buffer (ROB) as physical registers. In such designs, the ROB is a large multiported structure that occupies a significant portion of the die area and dissipates a sizable fraction of the total chip power. The heavily ported ROB is also likely to have a large delay that can limit the processor clock rate. We consider several approaches for reducing the ROB complexity in processors that use the ROB slots to implement physical registers. The first approach exploits the fact that the bulk of the source operand reads are satisfied through forwarding or reading of the committed register values. Our technique completely eliminates the read ports needed on the ROB for reading source operands. A small set of associatively addressed retention latches is used to compensate for the resulting performance degradation by caching the most recently produced results. The second technique relies on a distributed implementation that spreads the centralized ROB structure across the function units (FUs)', with each distributed component sized to match the FU workload and with one write port and two read ports on each component. The third approach combines the use of retention latches and a distributed ROB implementation that uses minimally ported distributed components. The net result of combining the two techniques is the ROB distribution with minimal conflicts over the read and no conflicts over the write ports. Our designs are evaluated using the simulation of SPEC 2000 benchmarks and measurements of the actual ROB layouts in a 0.18 micron CMOS process.
Overexpression of Cdk5 or Non-phosphorylatable Retinoblastoma Protein Protects Septal Neurons from Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation

Activation of cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) contributes to neuronal death following ischemia. We used oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in septal neuronal cultures to test for possible roles of cell cycle proteins in neuronal survival. Increased cdc2-immunoreactive neurons were observed at 24 h after the end of 5 h OGD. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) or GFP along with a wild type or dominant negative form of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), or cyclin-dependent kinase5 (Cdk5), were overexpressed using plasmid constructs. Following OGD, when compared to controls, neurons expressing both GFP and dominant negative Rb, RbDeltaK11, showed significantly less damage using microscopy imaging. Overexpression of Rb-wt did not affect survival. Surprisingly, overexpression of Cdk5-wild type significantly protected neurons from process disintegration but Cdk5T33, a dominant negative Cdk5, gave little or no protection. Thus phosphorylation of the cell cycle regulator, Rb, contributes to death in OGD in septal neurons but Cdk5 can have a protective role.
Size dependent nonuniformity loss in thin film photovoltaics

We develop one- and two-dimensional PSPICE models of nonuniform thin-film photovoltaic (PV) cells and study the effects of lateral variations in device photovoltage on major integral PV parameters. These effects turn out to be size dependent with amplitude that decreases with cell series resistance. Fill factor is found to suffer the strongest nonuniformity loss most tightly correlated with efficiency; however, the effects of Voc and Jsc loss are significant as well. The observed size dependencies suggest a way of experimentally verifying the predicted effects, in particular, discriminating between them and the alternative ‘field-dependent collection’ explanation of the fill factor and efficiency loss. This discrimination is important, as leading to considerably different technological remedies.
THE TANAIDACEAN FAUNA (PERACARIDA) FROM A DEEP-SEA COLD-SEEP IN THE GULF OF MEXICO

Abstract The tanaidaceans collected by submersible from a deep-sea cold-seep site in the Gulf of Mexico were examined. Three new genera and four new species are described. Species belonging to the genera Coalecerotanais new genus, Bathyleptochelia new genus, Crurispina new genus, Araphura, and Paranarthrura were identified. The tanaidacean fauna of this cold seep was composed of several evolutionary lines of both shallow-water and deep-water origin. Mouthpart dissimilarity suggests that several different feeding strategies are employed.
Defining the Study Cohort: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

A study cohort is a group of individuals with common characteristics who are initially defined and composed, then examined or tracked over a given time period. In a clinical trial, outlining the study cohort begins with clearly defined, study-specific eligibility criteria. Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria together determine who is eligible to participate in the study. These selection or eligibility criteria are ascertained during the design phase of the study, with the study goals of the clinical trial in mind. Hence, establishing eligibility criteria primarily requires the precise definition of the primary and secondary study outcomes, which provides guidance for the sample size of the clinical trial that is required to detect a significant difference between the study intervention and control group. The eligibility criteria should be sufficiently narrow to ensure internal study validity, but sufficiently broad to allow for generalizability of the study results to the general population. In addition, eligibility criteria must be chosen carefully to allow for the feasible recruitment of study subjects into the clinical trial and must meet ethical criteria established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Development of screen printed electrochemical sensors for selective detection of heavy metals

A flexible electrochemical sensor for selective detection of heavy metals was successfully fabricated using screen printing technique. The sensor consists of three electrodes: counter, working and reference electrodes printed using silver (Ag), carbon and silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) inks, respectively. 1,10-phenanthroline and its derivative naphtha [2,3-a] dipyrido [3,2-h:2',3'-f'] phenazine-5,18-dione (QDPPZ) was synthesized and drop casted on the working electrode of the printed device as sensitive layers for mercury ions (Hg2+) and lead ions (Pb2+), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry response (CV) of the electrochemical sensor towards Hg2+ and Pb2+ demonstrated a very low detection level of 50 μΜ with reduction peaks at 0.2 eV and −0.6 eV, respectively. An 87 % and 9 % change in the average peak currents were observed for the 50 μΜ concentration of Pb2+ and Hg2+, respectively, against a reference signal established for deionized water (DI). The response of the electrochemical sensor is analyzed and presented in this paper.
Coordination Complexes of 4,4′-Diaminodiphenylmethane—Chemistry and Applications

Abstract Coordination complexes of 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane and alkali metal salts are effective delayed-action curatives for amine-curable polymers. In polyurethanes, particle size of the complex, the polarity of the reaction medium, and the isocyanate concentration of the polymer determine processing safety, curing temperature, and curing rate. Vulcanizate properties observed with polyether- and polyester-based cast urethane systems parallel those obtained with MOCA. Exceptions include the influence of residual salt, which increases water swell, and the presence of plasticizer, incorporated with predispersions, which lowers modulus and hardness slightly and influences solvent swell due to plasticizer extraction. The salt is bound in the vulcanizate and cannot be removed by simple water immersion. Alkali metal salt is liberated by hydrolytic destruction of the vulcanizate. Preliminary evidence suggests no increase either in corrosion of steel inserts embedded in urethane parts or in property loss duri...
Nonsampling Error in a Survey of Department of Defense Health Care Beneficiaries

This article reviews three sources of nonsampling error in the Health Care Survey of Department of Defense Beneficiaries (HCSDB): errors associated with the sampling frame, error due to unit nonresponse, and error due to measurement issues associated with the mode of data collection. The HCSDB, conducted in 2000, included an experiment in which nonrespondents were contacted by telephone in an effort to understand, identify, and quantify the bias due to nonresponse. The results of this experiment provide some insight into the extent of nonsampling error in the survey. This paper describes the errors, their cause, and their impact on survey estimates. We also offer some suggestion for reducing nonsampling error in the HCSDB.
Structural Change and Democratization: Evidence from Rural Apartheid

The relationship between economic development and democracy is key in political economy. Many commentators have suggested that economic growth increases support for democracy. One proposed mechanism is that modernization, by reducing the demand for low-skilled labor, increases the willingness of elites, particularly in agriculture, to extend the franchise. I use subnational variation in South Africa to test this mechanism. I employ national shocks to the mining sector’s demand for native black workers together with cross-sectional variation in labor market competition induced by apartheid to estimate the effect of black labor scarcity on wages, capital intensity, and changes in partisan voting preferences. I find that reductions in the supply of foreign mine labor following the sudden withdrawal of workers from Malawi and Mozambique (and the increased demand for native black workers) increased mechanization on the mines and on farms competing with mines for labor. There is also suggestive evidence that these changes increased support for political reform in districts forced to modernize by the shocks.
An Investigation of the Impacts of Aviation Emissions on Future Air Quality and Health

Recent estimates of the growth in demand for aviation indicate that passenger counts may double or even triple by the year 2025, with a corresponding projected increase in emissions from the aviation sector. This would contribute to approximately proportional increases in concentrations and health effects if other factors were unchanging, but background emissions from non-aviation anthropogenic sources are generally expected to decrease due to several emissions control measures that are likely to be in place, and population size and age distribution will change over time. In this study, we evaluated changes in air quality and health risk due to growth in aviation activities from the year 2005 to 2025, focusing on 99 major U.S. airports with aircraft activity data for landing and takeoff (LTO) based on Terminal Area Forecasts (TAFs) developed for a sample growth scenario under the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) for 2025. We performed four annual simulations using the MM5-SMOKE-CMAQ modeling system for the year 2005 and 2025, with and without aircraft emissions. We obtained non-aviation emissions for 2005 from EPA’s 2005 National Emissions Inventory (NEI), and projected these to the year 2025. In performing the health risk analyses, we applied the EPA’s Speciated Modeled Attainment Test (SMAT) to the CMAQ results, and compared the air quality and health risk results on a pre-SMAT and post-SMAT basis. Our findings illustrated that each of the time-varying components – background concentrations, emissions, and population patterns – contributes significantly to growth in projected health risks over time, with significant differences in trends by particle constituent and region of the country. The relative importance of various particle constituents also depended significantly on the SMAT process, although secondary sulfate and nitrate particles dominated health risk in all scenarios. These conclusions provide an indication of the factors influencing health risk over time and the resulting areas in which interventions may be most effective.
Geochemical evidence for seasonal controls on the transportation of Holocene loess, Matanuska Valley, southern Alaska, USA

Abstract Loess is a widespread Quaternary deposit in Alaska and loess accretion occurs today in some regions, such as the Matanuska Valley. The source of loess in the Matanuska Valley has been debated for more than seven decades, with the Knik River and the Matanuska River, both to the east, being the leading candidates and the Susitna River, to the west, as a less favorable source. We report here new stratigraphic, mineralogic, and geochemical data that test the competing hypotheses of these river sources. Loess thickness data are consistent with previous studies that show that a source or sources lay to the east, which rules out the Susitna River as a source. Knik and Matanuska River silts can be distinguished using Sc–Th–La, LaN/YbN vs. Eu/Eu∗, Cr/Sc, and As/Sb. Matanuska Valley loess falls clearly within the range of values for these ratios found in Matanuska River silt. Dust storms from the Matanuska River are most common in autumn, when river discharge is at a minimum and silt-rich point bars are exposed, wind speed from the north is beginning to increase after a low-velocity period in summer, snow depth is still minimal, and soil temperatures are still above freezing. Thus, seasonal changes in climate and hydrology emerge as critical factors in the timing of aeolian silt transport in southern Alaska. These findings could be applicable to understanding seasonal controls on Pleistocene loess accretion in Europe, New Zealand, South America, and elsewhere in North America.
Evolution of the Hubble Space Telescope Safing Systems

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was launched on April 24 1990, with an expected lifespan of 15 years. Central to the spacecraft design was the concept of a series of on-orbit shuttle servicing missions permitting astronauts to replace failed equipment, update the scientific instruments and keep the HST at the forefront of astronomical discoveries. One key to the success of the Hubble mission has been the robust Safing systems designed to monitor the performance of the observatory and to react to keep the spacecraft safe in the event of equipment anomaly. The spacecraft Safing System consists of a range of software tests in the primary flight computer that evaluate the performance of mission critical hardware, safe modes that are activated when the primary control mode is deemed inadequate for protecting the vehicle, and special actions that the computer can take to autonomously reconfigure critical hardware. The HST Safing System was structured to autonomously detect electrical power system, data management system, and pointing control system malfunctions and to configure the vehicle to ensure safe operation without ground intervention for up to 72 hours. There is also a dedicated safe mode computer that constantly monitors a keep-alive signal from the primary computer. If this signal stops, the safe mode computer shuts down the primary computer and takes over control of the vehicle, putting it into a safe, low-power configuration. The HST Safing system has continued to evolve as equipment has aged, as new hardware has been installed on the vehicle, and as the operation modes have matured during the mission. Along with the continual refinement of the limits used in the safing tests, several new tests have been added to the monitoring system, and new safe modes have been added to the flight software. This paper will focus on the evolution of the HST Safing System and Safing tests, and the importance of this evolution to prolonging the science operations of the telescope.
Glycerylphosphorylcholine diesterase: inhibition by nucelotides.

SummaryGlycerylphosphorylcholine diesterase (glycerolphosphorylcholine glycerophosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.2) from rat kidney was inhibited selectively by purine triphosphate nucleotides and inorganic pyrophosphate. Classical competitive inhibition for all compounds tested was observed. Of the purine nucleotides ATP, GTP, and ITP showed the greatest amount of inhibition, producing Ki values of approximately 1.5 mM. The purine diphosphates showed a lesser degree of inhibition, producing Ki values of approximately 20 mM and the corresponding purine monophosphates gave very little inhibition, producing Ki values of approximately 125 mM. In the case of the pyrimidine nucleotides, both the cytidine and uridine triphosphates were not as effective as the purine triphosphates. The Ki values obtained with the pyrimidine triphosphates were approximately seven times greater than for the purine triphosphates. Inhibition by ATP was found to be pH dependent in the range studied, (pH 7.0-10.2) with the greatest amount of ...
Comparison between Intelligence Capital Accounting and Manpower Capital Accounting

This text explains the difference between the manpower capital and intelligence capital and their own meanings, and extends to different treatment of the two on the accounting level. Then it further carries on comparative analysis from the aspects of accounting theoretical foundation, accounting target, recognition timing, measure attribute, etc, upon which the author draws a conclusion that it is the intelligence capital accounting that accords with contemporary reality of economic, social as well as scientific and technological development, so he suggests that we expand and distillate the traditional manpower capital accounting to intelligence capital accounting.
Not Another West Side Story : Nuyorican Women and New Black Realism in I Like It Like That

The previous chapter examines representations of black women and Afro-religiosity as signifying a black nationalist identity with the ‘strongblackwoman’ which in Sankofa is the embodiment of a malecentred socio-political objective. Within that chapter, it is argued that although Sankofa presents itself as black woman’s narrative by framing powerful female characters, namely the warrior figure Nunu and her initiand Shola, a character that is identified as a Black Magic Woman, this production exists outside the realm of womanist film. While women characters with agency do appear on screen, the film does not empower the womanist gaze as it neither renders pleasure for the womanist spectator nor does it frame characters that can survive beyond the constraints of patriarchal systems.
Vascular Lesions of the Breast

Vascular tumors commonly arise in the breast and overlying soft tissue. Although classification as benign or malignant is usually straightforward, some cases present diagnostic difficulty, particularly on core biopsy samples. Benign vascular lesions are well circumscribed and lack endothelial hyperplasia, atypia, and anastomosing vasculature. In contrast, malignant vascular tumors are characterized by complex, anastomosing vascular channels that infiltrate the dermis and/or breast parenchyma. Included within this morphological spectrum are atypical vascular lesions associated with prior radiation therapy. Diagnosis of vascular lesions on core biopsy can be challenging because of sampling issues; thus correlation with clinical and radiologic features is critical to avoid under- or overdiagnosis. Complete characterization of some vascular lesions may be only possible after excision. This chapter covers a multitude of benign and malignant vascular lesions of the breast and discusses their diagnostic features and differential diagnoses.
Imaging findings of arthroereisis in planovalgus feet

Arthroereisis is a rare and disputed procedure, where an implant screw is inserted into the sinus tarsi to treat flatfoot deformity. Weight-bearing radiographs are the most essential examinations to assess the correct localization and related measurements. Hardware loosening is the most common complication seen as localized lucency and as dislocation of the implant. Computed tomography yields superior resolution with reconstruction capabilities. On magnetic resonance imaging, the implant appears as a dark signal focus on T1 and T2-weighted images with a hyperintense T2-signal rim. As the data on the imaging of arthroereisis are scarce, we aimed here to review the typical imaging findings.
Direct Methods in the Theory of Thermoelastic Plates

Consider a plate occupying a region S × [−h0/2, h0/2] in R3, where S is a domain in R2 with a simple, closed C2-boundary ∂S and h0 = const > 0 is the thickness. We write G = S × (0,∞), Γ = ∂S × (0,∞), and x = (x1, x2), and assume that the material is homogeneous and isotropic with Lame constants λ and μ, density ρ, and heat-related (positive) constants γ, η, and χ. The displacements and thermal “moment” in the plate are denoted by
Orthodoxy, Orthopraxis, and Orthopathy: Evaluating the Feminist Kenosis Debate

This study examines the feminist kenosis debate, tracing its development through Daphne Hampson, Sarah Coakley, Aristotle Papanikolaou, Carolyn Chau, Jennifer Newsome Martin and Anna Mercedes. Given the diversity of theologies put forth in this debate, it is necessary to have a method of evaluation. In order to do this, I will introduce the theology of Jon Sobrino to the feminist kenosis conversation. Sobrino's notions of orthodoxy, orthopraxis, and orthopathy are essential tools for assessing different interpretations of kenosis and advancing an adequate theology of “self-emptying.” This analysis leads to a proposal for a comprehensive feminist theological view of kenosis.
Projecting the population-level impact of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV among men who have sex with men in Baltimore city

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for preventing HIV infection among individuals at high risk, including men who have sex with men (MSM). Although its individual-level efficacy is proven, questions remain regarding population-level impact of PrEP implementation. We developed an agent- based simulation of HIV transmission among MSM, accounting for demographics, sexual contact network, HIV disease stage and use of antiretroviral therapy. We used this framework to compare PrEP delivery strategies in terms of impact on HIV incidence and prevalence. Our results suggest that if delivered with exceptionally high coverage and under high adherence, PrEP can have a major and immediate impact on the rate of HIV incidence in this population. However, under more realistic assumptions regarding coverage and adherence, the impact of PrEP alone is much more modest - emphasizing the importance of including PrEP with other interventions if local HIV epidemics are to be brought under control.
Development of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)

For nearly three quarters of a century the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been a mainstay of urologic surgery. Initially developed as an alternative to open surgery, many consider TURP to be the first minimally invasive urologic procedure. It has withstood the test of time, evolving with adaptation of new optical and electrosurgical technologies and remains the gold standard for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). TURP has withstood the challenges of a variety of newer minimally invasive technologies. Transurethral resection remains a technically challenging procedure to master, but it is still essential for all urologists to have in their armamentarium, as it has important value not only in treating BPH but also in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder tumors.
Conclusion: The Best of Witnesses Among the Dry Bones

This concluding chapter reflects the ongoing prophetic task of a Puerto Rican decolonial theology. Using liminality and ambiguity as points of reference which reflect the ongoing identity, suffering and hope of Puerto Rican people, this chapter identifies strategies for prophetic action and social transformation that undermine colonial oppression, including reconciliation as a process of prophetic imagination. It also suggests moving beyond the Puerto Rican “status” question to a deeper understanding of freedom that is not bound by external circumstances but rather inscribed by God. While the external circumstances are not to be dismissed as insignificant, they do not tell the entire story of freedom. Thus, a Puerto Rican decolonial theology can be understood more broadly as an example of a Christian theology of freedom.