ATRAEN LOS PERFUMES A LOS TUCANES

Resumen · A partir de 2011 Wildlife Conservation Society implemento en sus muestreos de mamiferos con trampas camara el uso de dos perfumes comerciales (Chanel No 5 y Calvin Klein Obsession for Men) como atrayentes, con el proposito de retener a felinos por mas tiempo delante de las camaras y mejorar la identificacion de individuos en el Parque Nacional y Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Madidi, Bolivia. Esta metodologia ha resultado ser muy eficiente, no solo logrando obtener un gran numero de fotografias de varias especies de mamiferos, sino tambien varias especies de aves. Uno de los grupos de aves que no habia sido registrado en 10 anos de muestreo sin atrayentes (2001– 2009), fueron los tucanes, familia Ramphastidae. Aqui reportamos el comportamiento de atraccion de tucanes hacia ambos perfumes. En seis anos de muestreo (2011–2016) se registraron cuatro especies de tucanes en las trampas camara: Pteroglossus azara , Pteroglossus beauharnaesii , Ramphastos tucanus y Ramphastos vitellinus , obteniendo un total de 550 fotografias y 45 eventos fotograficos independientes. La especie que presento el mayor numero de fotografias fue R. tucanus (n = 231), seguido por R. vitellinus (n = 219). Los tucanes se registraron a distancias menores de 3 m en 29% de los casos, a distancias menores de 30 cm en 29% casos e interactuando directamente con el frasco de perfume en 42% de los casos. Registramos interacciones tucan-perfume hasta 12,5 minutos como maximo y un minimo de 0,5 minutos. Creemos que estos resultados son aportes importantes para la historia natural de los tucanes y sugieren una alternativa para estudios que requieren captura viva. Abstract · Do perfumes attract toucans? Since 2011, Wildlife Conservation Society has implemented the use of two commercial perfumes (Chanel No 5 and Calvin Klein Obsession for Men) as bait in their camera traps, with the purpose of retaining the wild cats for longer in front of the cameras and improving the identification of individuals in Madidi National Park and Natural Area of Integral Management, Bolivia. This methodology has turned out to be very efficient, yielding not only a large number of photographs of several mammals, but also recording several bird species. One of the groups that had not been registered in 10 years of camera-trap sampling without perfume (2001–2009) were toucans (family Ramphastidae). Here we report observations that suggest that toucans are attracted by both perfumes. During six years of sampling (2011–2016), four species of toucans were detected by the camera-traps: Pteroglossus azara , Pteroglossus beauharnaesii , Ramphastos tucanus , and Ramphastos vitellinus , obtaining 550 photographs across 45 independent photographic events. The species with the highest number of photographs was R. tucanus (n = 231), followed by R. vitellinus (n = 219). Toucans were recorded within 3 m in 29% of cases, within 30 cm 29% of cases and making direct contact with the perfume jar in 42% of cases. Toucan-perfume interactions lasted up to 12.5 min maximum and a minimum of 0.5 min. We believe that these results are important contributions to the natural history of toucans and suggest an alternative for studies that require live capture.