cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
U/Pb and (U-Th-Sm)/He “double” dating of detrital apatite by laser ablation: A critical evaluation

Abstract Paired U/Pb and (U-Th-Sm)/He dating of individual detrital apatite crystals has potential as a valuable tool for constraining the high- and low-temperature thermal evolution of sediment source terrains. Here we present the results of exploratory applications of the laser ablation double-dating (LADD) method – originally developed for detrital zircon research – to the widely available Durango fluorapatite standard in order to evaluate the practicality of the method. Sixty-two laser-ablation analyses of a single large crystal of Durango fluorapatite yielded an inverse-variance weighted mean 206Pb/238U date of 31.46 ± 0.48 Ma and an inverse-variance weighted mean (U-Th-Sm)/He date of 31.75 ± 0.60 Ma, both of which are in good agreement with previously published conventional dates. While these results are encouraging, several factors suggest that LADD may be less useful for detrital apatites than for detrital zircons given widely available analytical instrumentation. These principally reflect the propensity for apatites to have comparatively lower U + Th concentrations, and thus lower radiogenic He and Pb concentrations, as well as high concentrations of common Pb. These factors contribute to substantially higher analytical imprecision for most LADD U/Pb dates for apatite, occasionally too high for the dates to be geologically useful. Reasonably precise laser ablation (U-Th-Sm)/He dating of detrital apatites requires relatively large crystal sizes (≥ 100 μm in the shortest dimension), with the minimum useful size increasing with decreasing (U-Th-Sm)/He apparent age. In contrast to the geological interpretation of LADD datasets for detrital zircons, the interpretation of datasets for detrital apatites is less straightforward. In particular, researchers should consider carefully the possibility that (U-Th-Sm)/He apparent age distributions are biased by the need to analyze only larger apatites.
Regulation of Synaptosomal GLT-1 and GLAST during Epileptogenesis.

Abstract Astrocytes regulate extracellular glutamate homeostasis in the central nervous system through the Na+-dependent glutamate transporters glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) and glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST). Impaired astrocyte glutamate uptake could contribute to the development of epilepsy but the regulation of glutamate transporters in epilepsy is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the expression of GLT-1 and GLAST in the mouse intrahippocampal kainic acid (IHKA) model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We used immunohistochemistry, synaptosomal fractionation and Western blot analysis at 1, 3, 7 and 30 days post-IHKA induced status epilepticus (SE) to examine changes in GLT-1 and GLAST immunoreactivity and synaptosomal expression during the development of epilepsy. We found a significant upregulation in GLT-1 immunoreactivity at 1 and 3 days post-IHKA in the ipsilateral dorsal hippocampus. However, GLT-1 immunoreactivity and synaptosomal protein levels were significantly downregulated at 7 days post-IHKA in the ipsilateral hippocampus, a time point corresponding to the onset of spontaneous seizures in this model. GLAST immunoreactivity was increased in specific layers at 1 and 3 days post-IHKA in the ipsilateral hippocampus. GLAST synaptosomal protein levels were significantly elevated at 30 days compared to 7 days post-IHKA in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Our findings suggest that astrocytic glutamate transporter dysregulation could contribute to the development of epilepsy.
Balanced Dynamics and Moisture Quasi-Equilibrium in DYNAMO Convection

AbstractTropical convection that occurs on large-enough space and time scales may evolve in response to large-scale balanced circulations. In this scenario, large-scale midtropospheric vorticity an...
Graph Convolutional Neural Networks For Alzheimer’s Disease Classification

Graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs) aim to extend the data representation and classification capabilities of convolutional neural networks, which are highly effective for signals defined on regular Euclidean domains, e.g. image and audio signals, to irregular, graph-structured data defined on non-Euclidean domains. Graph-theoretic tools that enable us to study the brain as a complex system are of great significance in brain connectivity studies. Particularly, in the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder associated with network dysfunction, graph-based tools are vital for disease classification and staging. Here, we implement and test a multi-class GCNN classifier for network-based classification of subjects on the AD spectrum into four categories: cognitively normal, early mild cognitive impairment, late mild cognitive impairment, and AD. We train and validate the network using structural connectivity graphs obtained from diffusion tensor imaging data. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, we show that the GCNN classifier outperforms a support vector machine classifier by margins that are reliant on disease category. Our findings indicate that the performance gap between the two methods increases with disease progression from CN to AD. We thus demonstrate that GCNN is a competitive tool for staging and classification of subjects on the AD spectrum.
Growing Old in a New World

Culturally and linguistically diverse elderly patients could experience significant health disparities. Understanding the language and the cultural aspects of each patient will improve Doctor patient relationship as well as compliance and outcomes. Given the fast growth of the diverse elderly population in the United States emphasis should be put on best practices to learn, Identify and respect the diversity of patient needs and goals. Patients’ failure to understand a medication regimen could be due to language barrier or cultural mores, not simply willful non-compliance. Cultivating primary care practice characterized by physicians and health care providers equipped with high levels of cross cultural understanding, who grasp and respect cultural and ethnic differences can potentially help improve outcomes, compliance and patient satisfaction.
8. LEARNERS, TEACHING, & EDUCATION SYSTEMS FACTORS: PEDIATRIC FACULTY PERSPECTIVES OF IMPACT ON WELLBEING

Introduction Many pediatricians report burnout and low professional fulfillment. While it is assumed that academic pediatricians garner professional fulfillment from teaching, little is known about the perceived intersection of teaching and pediatrician wellbeing. Methods In June 2018, pediatric faculty focus groups were conducted at a university-based pediatrics department, addressing work-related factors with greatest impact on wellbeing. Focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed, and de-identified. All excerpts about learners and teaching were manually coded using the constant comparative method. Results Participants included 47 faculty in 8 focus groups, of whom 55% were female. A small number of comments described positive impact of teaching on wellbeing. “It's a great privilege to be around young learners that are energized to extract as much as they possibly can...[teaching] helps sustain most of us.” A larger subset described negative impact of teaching. Four themes emerged: (1) Perceived institutional devaluation of teaching as an academic pursuit, “If teaching doesn't get you promoted, I don't know what should... I know that it really stresses me out just thinking about it and having to come up with things to do that count because what I'm already doing, I don't think counts enough.” (2) Perceived decline in trainee work ethos, “The patients have to be cared for. You're the one answering [pages], and [the residents are] gone. Then they don't have the ownership that you may have had during your training.” (3) Perceived disparity in work hour protection and wellness support for faculty as compared to trainees, “I would love to have work-hour restrictions and all those sorts of things... I'm not angry or bitter at [trainees], but... everyone just makes the assumption that you're in charge and you've already figured out how to cope with your 80-hour work weeks.” (4) Perceived burdens of teaching, “There's fewer and fewer faculty involved with teaching because of a lack of rewards and more administrative [workload] when you do teach, like the 20-page evaluations of a medical student you spend an hour with.” Conclusion Teaching may be both protective and detrimental to pediatrician wellbeing. Future studies should further explore teaching-related factors that contribute to a sense of fulfillment and burnout to ensure faculty remain engaged and fulfilled in their work.
Reviving and Reclaiming Our Native Food System: Leadership Experiences of a Research Project's Community Advisory Board

As proud Native community leaders who call the Wind River Reservation home, our battles for sov­ereignty and respect are not just part of a long-ago history. Claiming our self-empowerment and put­ting it to good use on behalf of our entire commu­nity are challenged more often than we care to recount. In the matter of sustainable food security, those of us who agreed to serve as members of the Growing Resilience Community Advisory Board (CAB) were reminded of such events. Our CAB was established in 2016 as an oversight group for community wellbeing for a University of Wyoming (UW)–initiated and National Institutes of Health (NIH)–funded research project on gardening and health. See the press release for this article.
Uncommon Behavior of Tetra-alkyl-phosphonium 2-Cyano-pyrrolide Ionic Liquids + Glycerol and Triethanolamine Systems

We use multiple characterization methods, including viscosity, ionic conductivity, density, and surface tension measurements, to investigate the unusual transport behavior of multiple tetra-alkyl-p...
A bushel of viruses: Identification of seventeen novel putative viruses by RNA-seq in six apple trees

Apple decline in Washington state has been increasing in incidence, particularly on Honeycrisp trees grown on G.935 rootstock. In this disease the trees exhibit dieback with necrosis at the graft union and in the rootstock. The cause of this disease remains unknown. To identify viral candidates, RNA-seq was performed on six trees: four trees exhibiting decline and two healthy trees. Across the samples, eight known viruses and Apple hammerhead viroid were detected, however none appear to be specifically associated with the disease. A BLASTx analysis of the RNA-seq data was performed to identify novel viruses that might be associated with apple decline. Seventeen novel putative viruses were detected, including an ilarvirus, two tombus-like viruses, a barna-like virus, a picorna-like virus, three ourmia-like viruses, three partiti-like viruses, and two narna-like viruses. Four additional viruses could not be classified. Three of the viruses appeared to be missing key genes, suggesting they may be dependent upon helper viruses for their function. Others showed a specific tropism, being detected only in the roots or only in the leaves. While, like the known apple viruses, none were consistently associated with diseased trees, it is possible these viruses may have a synergistic effect when co-infecting that could contribute to disease. Or the presence of these viruses may weaken the trees for some other factor that ultimately causes decline. Additional research will be needed to determine how these novel viruses contribute to apple decline.
Long-distance major place harmony

In previous surveys of long-distance consonant harmony, the major place features [labial], [dorsal] and [coronal] are conspicuously absent from the set of possible harmonising features. Ngbaka Minagende displays major place harmony between labial-dorsal segments and simple labials and velars, thus filling this empirical gap. The presence of complex segments with multiple place is crucial to seeing this harmony pattern clearly. These patterns are best handled in the Agreement by Correspondence framework with an active CC-Ident[place] constraint. Other analyses either cannot capture the pattern at all or require fundamental changes elsewhere in phonological theory. The data are supported by a new digitisation and statistical analysis of a Ngbaka Minagende dictionary.
Inteligencias tentaculares. Comentario a Godfrey-Smith, Peter, Otras mentes. El pulpo, el mar y los orígenes profundos de la consciencia, Madrid: Taurus, 2017, 320 pp.

This is the review written by Patricia Andrea Dosio of the book edited by Matteo Valerani, The Structures of Practical Knowledge, in which fifteen different authors cover a wide range of activities and disciplinary fields in various geographies in a time range that goes from 15th to 18th century.
Bio-Inspired, Host-based Firewall

In this research, we explore the viability of using a biologically-inspired design to develop a host-based next generation firewall. Many of the firewall designs in use today are still signature-based (with very few exceptions just released in 2020), which tend to struggle to protect against zero-day attacks and against encrypted traffic. By applying cellular membrane concepts such as endocytosis and ligand-receptor interactions along with machine learning, we created a feasible next generation firewall prototype capable of defending against zero-day threats even within encrypted traffic. Specifically, we built both supervised and unsupervised machine learning models, optimized their results, then we exported the models, and tested the exported models on zero-day malicious network traffic. Finally, we modified the open source Linux IP Tables firewall software to use our exported model as the packet filtering mechanism. The end result was a working host-based, supervised machine learning driven, next generation firewall prototype that demonstrated very promising results, nearly 100% of normal connections were passed and 77% of zero-day malicious connections were blocked.
Increased complications in patients who test COVID-19 positive after elective surgery and implications for pre and postoperative screening.

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the adoption of protocols to minimize risk of periprocedural complications associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This typically involves a preoperative symptom screen and nasal swab RT-PCR test for viral RNA. Asymptomatic patients with a negative COVID-19 test are cleared for surgery. However, little is known about the rate of postoperative COVID-19 positivity among elective surgical patients, risk factors for this group and rate of complications. Methods This prospective multicenter study included all patients undergoing elective surgery at 170 Veterans Health Administration (VA) hospitals across the United States. Patients were divided into groups based on first positive COVID-19 test within 30 days after surgery (COVID[-/+]), before surgery (COVID[+/−]) or negative throughout (COVID[−/−]). The cumulative incidence, risk factors for and complications of COVID[-/+], were estimated using univariate analysis, exact matching, and multivariable regression. Results Between March 1 and December 1, 2020 90,093 patients underwent elective surgery. Of these, 60,853 met inclusion criteria, of which 310 (0.5%) were in the COVID[-/+] group. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression identified female sex, end stage renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, cancer, cirrhosis, and undergoing neurosurgical procedures as risk factors for being in the COVID[-/+] group. After matching on current procedural terminology code and month of procedure, multivariable Poisson regression estimated the complication rate ratio for the COVID[-/+] group vs. COVID[−/−] to be 8.4 (C.I. 4.9–14.4) for pulmonary complications, 3.0 (2.2, 4.1) for major complications, and 2.6 (1.9, 3.4) for any complication. Discussion Despite preoperative COVID-19 screening, there remains a risk of COVID infection within 30 days after elective surgery. This risk is increased for patients with a high comorbidity burden and those undergoing neurosurgical procedures. Higher intensity preoperative screening and closer postoperative monitoring is warranted in such patients because they have a significantly elevated risk of postoperative complications.
Experience of Localizing Value Chains in the Automotive Industry

Aim . The presented study aims to illustrate that by making use of industrial localization tools, the one business space (OBS) system solves the problem of replacing global value chains with local ones, leading to positive innovation-oriented structural sectoral transformations and the development of the economy’s export-oriented potential. Tasks . The authors examine the types of localization and the strategy of an automotive company for the formation and operation of regional sectoral OBS systems over time (2012–2019) through the example of the petrochemical and metalworking industries in the Republic of Tatarstan, showing the possibility of transforming industrial localization into import substitution. Methods . This study uses modern achievements of the theory of knowledge, innovation-driven development, methods of systematization and analysis, empirical research, including the collection, examination, and generalization of practical material, forecasting, analysis of the works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of technological and non-technological activities, principles of change management. Results . By using industrial localization tools for the formation of multiple value chains in the host region within the framework of a partnership, it is possible to create an industry-wide vertically integrated management system for the innovation-driven development of automotive components production at the regional level. Horizontal integration into the social, scientific, and educational spheres of regions is a mandatory aspect for the development of such systems, which leads, among other things, to the development of scientific potential while also improving the quality of human capital. Within the framework of OBS, regional value chains are formed — from the extraction of raw materials to the final assembly of the car — with a total average annual turnover of 25 billion rubles. A significant number of jobs are created, as well as new automotive components and materials with unique properties for the Russian industry. This facilitates the production of Russian analogues in the interests of other OEMs and consumers, as well as the transformation of industrial localization into import substitution. In addition, products of localization are beginning to replace their analogues in the global supply chains of automotive components, thereby developing the export-oriented component of the regional economy. Conclusions . In certain cases, industrial localization in OBS systems is transformed into import substitution, significantly increasing the efficiency of industrialization in the region and the country as a whole.
Financial Burden of Discarded Weight-based Antineoplastic Drugs to Payers and Patients in the Private Insurance Market.

Background Our study estimated insurance payments and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses associated with discarded weight-based intravenous antineoplastic drugs for privately insured US adult patients with cancer. Methods We identified patients who received weight-based antineoplastic drugs from a 2017 MarketScan health risk assessment (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY) linked to claims data. Using weight information in the health risk assessment, we derived the recommended dose and calculated the percentage of drugs discarded. We applied β-regression to determine factors associated with the discarded percentages. To compare patients with and without high-deductible plans, we employed a generalized linear model and a 2-part model to examine insurance payment and OOP expense, respectively. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Results Of 27 350 claims for 58 weight-based antineoplastic drugs from 1970 patients, the median discarded percentage was 9.8% (mean [SD] = 12.8% [10.5%]). Aside from drug and tumor type, statistically significantly higher discarded percentages were found for patients in the lowest weight group (5.5% [95% confidence interval = 4.7% to 6.4%]; P < .001; weight <150 lb [68.0 kg] vs ≥200 lb [90.7 kg]). Private payers spent $5090 per patient in 2017 on discarded weight-based antineoplastic drugs, and patients' mean OOP expense on discarded drugs was $63. In total, 39.7% of patients had high-deductible plans. The adjusted mean OOP expense for discarded drugs was statistically significantly higher for those in high-deductible plans ($95 vs $47; P < .001). Conclusions Private insurers incurred substantial financial burden from discarded weight-based antineoplastic drugs. Although the OOP expenses of discarded drugs were modest for most privately insured patients with cancer, approximately 5% spent more than $400 on the discarded drugs. Policies designed to reduce drug waste from single-dose, weight-based antineoplastic drugs should evaluate their financial consequences for payers and patients.
Physiological responses of Douglas-fir to climate and forest disturbances as detected by cellulosic carbon and oxygen isotope ratios.

Swiss Needle Cast (SNC), caused by a fungal pathogen, Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii, is a major forest disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stands of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). There is mounting concern that the current SNC epidemic occurring in Oregon and Washington will continue to increase in severity, frequency, and spatial extent with future warming. N. gaeumannii occurs wherever its host is found but very little is known about the history and spatial distribution of SNC and its effects on growth and physiological processes of mature and old-growth forests within the Douglas-fir region of the PNW. Our findings show that stem growth and physiological responses of infected Douglas-fir to climate and SNC were different between sites, growth periods, and disease severity based on cellulosic stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios and ring width data in tree rings. At a coastal Oregon site within the SNC impact zone, variations in stem growth and Δ13C were primarily influenced by disproportional reductions in stomatal conductance (gs) and assimilation (A) caused by a loss of functioning stomates through early needle abscission and stomatal occlusion by pseudothecia of N. gaeumannii. At the less severely infected inland sites on the west slopes of Oregon's Cascade Range, stem growth correlated negatively with δ18O and positively with Δ13C, indicating gs decreased in response to high evaporative demand with a concomitant reduction in A. Current- and previous-years summer vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was the principal seasonal climatic variable affecting radial stem growth and the dual stable isotope ratios at all sites. Our results indicate that rising temperatures since the mid-1970s has strongly affected Douglas-fir growth in the PNW directly by a physiological response to higher evaporative demand during the annual summer drought and indirectly by a major SNC epidemic that is expanding regionally to higher latitudes and higher elevations.
Technology-Mediated Tools for Teaching and Learning Middle School Mathematics

Like physical and concrete manipulatives, technology-mediated tools for teaching and learning middle school mathematical concepts and processes provide students with an opportunity to actively engage in thinking while they tinker with the relevant objects in a virtual context.
Human Factors & Usability

Most existing work in attestation and trusted computing focuses on interactions between two computing devices. This section treats a higher goal – that of convincing the human operator of a computer that it is in a trustworthy state. These solutions sort into two categories: those where the user is in possession of an additional trustworthy device, and those based solely on the human’s sensory and cognitive abilities. An additional, though somewhat orthogonal, category concerns user-friendly techniques to pair two trustworthy devices, e.g., to establish a secure channel between two cellphones.
Orthotopic placement of a segmental pancreas graft for transplant: a case report

Garcia-Roca R, Humar A, Sturdevant M, Kobayashi T, Dunn T, Kandaswamy R, Sutherland D. Orthotopic placement of a segmental pancreas graft for transplant: a case report. Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 424–428. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Pancreas retransplantation has become more frequent and represents a technical challenge for surgeons. Knowledge of alternative surgical options could be useful in difficult cases. We present a case of brutal diabetes mellitus in a patient with severe vascular disease that underwent a third pancreas transplant. Difficulties in obtaining arterial inflow were solved utilizing the native splenic vessels, placing the graft in orthotopic position, and a combination of historical surgical techniques in pancreas transplantation; that is, segmental grafts and duct injection for exocrine management made transplantation successful.
Games other people play

Games were used by Wittgenstein as an example in the philosophy of language of a concept that can have many and dramatically divergent meanings in different contexts.Case in point: Games are familiar in the Concurrency community as models of dynamic, multi-staged threats to correctness. In Economics, on the other hand, games refer to a family of mathematical models (including, strictly speaking, the games alluded to above) whose intention is to model the behavior of rational, selfish agents in the face of situations that are to varying degrees competitive and cooperative. In recent years there has been an increasingly active interface, motivated by the advent of the Internet, between the theory of games on the one hand, and the theory of algorithms and complexity on the other, and both with networking. This corpus of research problems and reults is already quite extensive, rich, and diverse; however, one can identify in it at least three salient themes: First, there is the endeavor of developing efficient algorithms for the fundamental computational problems associated with games, such as finding Nash and other equilibria; this quest is more than the predictable reflex of our research community, but it is arguably of fundamental value to Game Theory at large. There is also the field of algorithmic mechanism design, striving to devise computationally efficient methods for designing games whose equilibria are precisely the socially desirable outcomes (for example, that the person who has the highest personal appreciation for the item being auctioned actually wins the auction). And finally we have an ever-expanding family of problems collectively given the playful name "the price of anarchy," studying how much worse a system emerging from the spontaneous interaction of a group of selfish agents can be when compared with the ideal optimum design.
Characterization of the fugitive particulate emissions from construction mud/dirt carryout.

Abstract Although the fugitive dust associated with construction mud/dirt carryout can represent a substantial portion of the particulate matter (PM) emissions inventory in non-attainment areas, it has not been well characterized by direct sampling methods. In this paper, a research program is described that directly determined both PM10 and PM2.5 (particles ≤10 and 2.5 μm in classical aerodynamic diameter, respectively) emission factors for mud/dirt carryout from a major construction project located in metropolitan Kansas City, MO. The program also assessed the contribution of automotive emissions to the total PM2.5 burden and determined the baseline emissions from the test road. As part of the study, both time-integrated and continuous exposure-profiling methods were used to assess the PM emissions, including particle size and elemental composition. This research resulted in overall PM10 and PM2.5 emission factors of 6 and 0.2 g/vehicle, respectively. Although PM10 is within the range of prior U.S. Envi...
Abstract B38: Trastuzumab-induced recruitment of Csk-homologous kinase (CHK) to ErbB2 receptor is associated with ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation and ErbB2 degradation to mediate cell growth inhibition

Trastuzumab is a humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against extracellular region of ErbB2 and used for the treatment of different ErbB2-positive cancers. Based on literature reports and our clinical data from trastuzumab neoadjuvant studies, increased ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation is associated with a better response to trastuzumab in patient samples. Also, in trastuzumab-sensitive cell lines (SKBR3 and BT474), increased basal level and trastuzumab-mediated increase in ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation was readily detectable compared to trastuzumab-resistant cell line model (JIMT1). The mechanisms of trastuzumab-induced ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation and the role of ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation in trastuzumab sensitivity/resistance are still incompletely understood. We demonstrate that trastuzumab activates ErbB2 kinase activity in trastuzumab-sensitive cells, which may further contribute to trastuzumab-mediated ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation. However, blocking ErbB1/ErbB2 kinase activity with Lapatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor only partially reduced trastuzumab-mediated ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation. This led to the discovery of a previously unappreciated relationship between trastuzumab and Csk-homologous kinase (CHK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase also known as MATK. We establish that trastuzumab treatment promotes interaction between ErbB2 and CHK in trastuzumab-sensitive but not in trastuzumab-resistant cells despite similar CHK expression levels in both types of cells. Mimicking trastuzumab, CHK overexpression also induces ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation, Akt downregulation and cell growth inhibition and further stimulated trastuzumab-mediated reduction in total ErbB2 levels in trastuzumab sensitive cells. Also, CHK overexpression combined with trastuzumab exerts an additive effect on cell growth inhibition in trastuzumab-sensitive but not in trastuzumab-resistant cells. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms of trastuzumab mediated ErbB2 phosphorylation changes may suggest novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of trastuzumab resistant cancers. Disclaimer: The information presented in this article reflects the views of the authors and does not represent the policy of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Citation Format: Milos Dokmanovic, Yun Wu, Yi Shen, Jieqing Chen, Dianne S. Hirsch, Wen Jin Wu. Trastuzumab-induced recruitment of Csk-homologous kinase (CHK) to ErbB2 receptor is associated with ErbB2-Y1248 phosphorylation and ErbB2 degradation to mediate cell growth inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr B38.
Intel Architecture and Technology for Future HPC System Building Blocks

Intel Corporation developed several new and enhanced technologies bolstering its leadership in high-performance computing.These new products include the future generation Intel Xeon Phi processor, code-named Knights Hill, and new high-speedinterconnect technology Intel Omni-Path Architecture for HPC. We also provide new software releases and collaborative effortsdesigned to make it easier for the HPC community.During the talk we will disclose details of third-generation Intel Xeon Phi product family, code-named Knights Hill, anddiscuss Intel's 10nm process technology and integrated Intel Omni-Path Fabric technology. The new Intel Xeon Phi Knights Hillwill follow the upcoming Knights Landing product. The first commercial systems based on Knights Landing expected to beginshipping end of 2015. Intel Omni-Path Architecture is expected to offer 100 Gbps line speed and up to 56 percent lower switchfabric latency in medium-to-large clusters than InfiniBand alternatives. The Intel Omni-Path Architecture will use a 48 port switchchip to deliver greater port density and system scaling compared to the current 36 port InfiniBand alternatives. It will deliver upto 33 percent more nodes per switch chip and also it is expected to reduce the number of switches required, simplifying systemdesign and reducing infrastructure costs at every scale. We believe that new Intel Xeon Phi processor in conjunction with IntelOmni-Path Architecture provide next generation building blocks for Exascale computing.
Torsion of the oviduct following laparoscopic sterilization.

A case report of tubal torsion following laparoscopic sterilization is presented. The patient was examined following the sudden onset of ab dominal pain and a presumptive diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease was made for which ampicillin was prescribed. However the pain persisted and exploratory laparotomy was performed. Examination reveale d complete torsion of the distal portion of the right oviduct and distension to a length of 10 cm and a diameter of 5 cm. Symptoms disapp eared following a right salpingectomy and appendectomy. In this case it is suspected that tubal torsion was the result of cutting too deeply into the mesosalpinx. Factors which may contribute to the etiology of tubal torsion are reviewed.
Psychophysiologic responses of mechanically ventilated patients to music: a pilot study

Background Although mechanically ventilated patients experience numerous stressors, they have not been included in music therapy stress reduction and relaxation studies. Objective To examine selected psychophysiologic responses of mechanically ventilated patients to music. Methods A two-group experimental design with pretest, posttest, and repeated measures was used. Twenty mechanically ventilated patients were randomized to a music-listening group or a nonmusic (headphones only) group. Physiologic dependent measures--heart rate and rhythm, respiratory rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and airway pressure--were collected at timed intervals. Psychologic data were collected before and after intervention using the Profile of Mood States. Results Using repeated measures analysis of variance, results for heart rate and respiratory rate over time and over time between groups were significant. Between-group differences were significant for respiratory rate. Significant differences were found via t test for the music group's Profile of Mood States scores. No adverse cardiovascular responses were noted for either group. Conclusions Data indicated that music listening decreased heart rate, respiratory rate, and Profile of Mood States scores, indicating relaxation and mood improvement.
SU‐GG‐J‐65: Decision Making in Daily Or Weekly Volumetric Imaging Guidance Based On Case Studies

Purpose: Daily volumetric imaging provides accurate patient positioning at the cost of imaging dose and lengthened treatment time. In order to assess the necessity of these images for well immobilized head‐and‐neck cancer patients from a risk management point‐of‐view, magnitudes of set up errors corrected by TomoTherapy MVCT on a daily or weekly basis are analyzed. The impact of these errors on the delivered dose to the tumor and organs‐at‐risk (OAR) is calculated. Method and Materials: The set up errors of 6 nasal cavity and 4 nasopharyngeal cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. Each patient had MVCT guided daily repositioning. The new dose volume histogram (DVH) and equivalent uniform dose (EUD) for planning target volume (PTV) and OARs were calculated for hypothetical scenarios where no imaging guidance (IG) or weekly image guidance (WIG) took place. Results: The mean total set up error if treated without daily IG was 3.6±1.0 mm, which can be reduced to 1.7±0.6 mm if a WIG was performed. The geometrical uncertainties from the absence of image guidance resulted in a reduction of mean PTV EUD dose by 2.1±1.0%, which can be reduced to 1.4±1.0% with WIG. The EUD of OARs increased 1.8±2.0Gy or 0.8±1.3Gy without or with WIG respectively. For the organ showing the most dosimetric impact from the image guidance, the probability of having 6 or 8 Gy of deviation was 10% and 2 % respectively. These probabilities were reduced by more than four fold if weekly IG was performed. Conclusion: Without daily IG, the mean patient position uncertainty has relatively small impacts on the mean PTV and OAR dosimetry, which can be further reduced approximately by half using weekly IG. The frequency of the IG can therefore be determined by the deviation probability function of the most critical OAR and its limiting tolerance dose.
A Listening Competence Comparison of Working Professionals

Listening is often cited as an important component in effective business operations. Yet how listening is perceived differs between managers and staff personnel. This article utilizes the revised and validated Listening Competency Scale to examine the listening profiles of staff and managers with differing levels of experience who work full time for medium- to large-sized organizations. Based on Wolvin and Coakley's (1993) conceptualization of listening, this revised scale measures critical assessment, therapeutic, appreciative, comprehensive, and discriminative listening. Findings suggest listening competencies in critical, comprehensive, and discriminative listening progress as employees acquire managerial practices and experience; this appears to be independent of listening training. Managers and staff, however, do not differ on therapeutic and conversational content listening, indicating listening behavior could be contextually dependent.
Structural parameters and the 13C and 19F magnetic shielding anisotropies in 13CH3F from nematic phase studies

Abstract The HCH bond angle and the ratios of internuclear distances in methyl fluoride are determined from 1 H- and 13 C-NMR studies of the spectral splittings. The value of the HCH bond angle is found to be sensitive to the particular nematic solvent used. The 13 C shielding anisotropy in this molecule is determined in three different liquid crystal solvents and the average value is σ | − σ | = 66 ± 15 ppm. The 19 F isotropic shift in methyl fluoride increases linearly with temperature in both the nematic and isotropic phases. Hence, it is necessary to consider this linear temperature dependence in the evaluation of the correct value for the 19 F shielding anisotropy. The value of the 19 F shielding anisotropy in methyl fluoride has been determined to be −73 ± 10 ppm from nematic phase studies. The nematic-isotropic phase subtraction method for obtaining fluorine anisotropy yields an incorrect value because of the discontinuity in the isotropic shift in methyl fluoride at the transition point.
Evaluating the sustainability of a regional system using Fisher information in the San Luis Basin, Colorado

This paper describes the theory, data, and methodology necessary for using Fisher information to assess the sustainability of the San Luis Basin (SLB) regional system over time. Fisher information was originally developed as a measure of the information content in data and is an important method in information theory. Our adaptation of Fisher information provides a means of monitoring the variables of a system to characterize dynamic order, and, therefore, its regimes and regime shifts. This work is part of the SLB Sustainability Metrics Project, which aimed to evaluate movement over time towards or away from regional sustainability. One of the key goals of this project was to use readily available data to assess the sustainability of the system including its environmental, social and economic aspects. For this study, Fisher information was calculated for fifty-three variables which characterize the consumption of food and energy, agricultural production, environmental characteristics, demographic properties and changes in land use for the SLB system from 1980 to 2005. Our analysis revealed that while the system displayed small changes in dynamic order over time with a slight decreasing trend near the end of the period, there is no indication of a regime shift. Therefore, the SLB system is stable with very slight movement away from sustainability in more recent years.
The Shaping of Planetary Nebulae and the SN 1987A Nebula

The interacting winds model, in which the fast wind from a central hot star sweeps up a shell in a surrounding slow, dense wind, has been extensively applied to planetary nebulae and to the nebula around SN 1987A. If the wind properties are approximately constant over a period of time, the flow becomes self-similar. The additional assumption of a constant interior pressure allows the use of the thin shell approximation for the case of an axisymmetric slow wind density distribution. Calculations of this type show the importance of the velocity of the slow wind to the nebular shape. The thin shell approximation can also be used in the case of an axisymmetric magnetic field in the shocked fast wind; the aspherical shape is then determined by the magnetic field of the central, rotating star. Photoionization by the central star can cause the swept-up shell to become geometrically thick. There is evidence that this occurred in the SN 1987A nebula and that the shock wave interaction with the thick shell produces the observed X-ray and radio emission from the nebula. The combination of photoionization and substantial density asymmetry can result in a flow of the ionized gas away from the equator. The flow can produce a quadrupolar symmetry in the nebular shape.
On some classes of weighted composition operators

Let (X, Σμ) denote a complete a-finite measure space and T: X → X a measurable (T-1A e Σ each A e Σ) point transformation from X into itself with the property that the measure μ°T-1 is absolutely continuous with respect to μ. Given any measurable, complex-valued function w(x) on X, and a function f in L2(μ), define WTf(x) via the equation
A Strategy for Antagonizing Quorum Sensing

Quorum-sensing bacteria communicate via small molecules called autoinducers to coordinate collective behaviors. Because quorum sensing controls virulence factor expression in many clinically relevant pathogens, membrane-permeable quorum sensing antagonists that prevent population-wide expression of virulence genes offer a potential route to novel antibacterial therapeutics. Here, we report a strategy for inhibiting quorum-sensing receptors of the widespread LuxR family. Structure-function studies with natural and synthetic ligands demonstrate that the dimeric LuxR-type transcription factor CviR from Chromobacterium violaceum is potently antagonized by molecules that bind in place of the native acylated homoserine lactone autoinducer, provided that they stabilize a closed conformation. In such conformations, each of the two DNA-binding domains interacts with the ligand-binding domain of the opposing monomer. Consequently, the DNA-binding helices are held apart by ∼60 A, twice the ∼30 A separation required for operator binding. This approach may represent a general strategy for the inhibition of multidomain proteins.
Heterologous interchanges at meiosis in Drosophila II. Some disjunctional consequences of interchange

Abstract Attached-X females lacking a Y chromosome (= C (1) RM , y v bb / O ) and having differentially marked fourth chromosomes ( Dp (1;4)1021, y + ac + / ci D or Dp (1;4)1021, y + ac + / spa pol ) were irradiated. Offspring having detachments were analyzed to identify, where possible, cases involving C (1)-4 interchange and to determine in those cases whether a free maternal fourth chromosome was also recovered and, if so, whether it was the homologue or the sister of the broken 4. In approx. 85% of the cases where a free 4 was recovered, it was the homologue; in about 10%, the sister of the broken 4. In the remaining cases either a recombinant 4 or both 4's were recovered. It is inferred that a usual consequence of heterologous interchange is the formation of an heterologous quasi-bivalent, with the interchange elements separating at the first meiotic division, while the homologous 4 segregates more or less at random, these being processes that would leak to the kinds of recoveries most commonly experienced. Recovery of the sister 4 does not necessarily require that the elements of an heterologous quasi-bivalent fail to separate at first division. The occurrence of multibreak interchanges involving only C (1) and 4 and leading to the formation of quasitrivalents must account for some portion of these cases; it is postulated that other conceivable kinds of multibreak interchange, involving major autosomes in addition to C (1) and 4, might also contribute to recovery of the sister 4. The consequences of such meiotic behavior following interchange induction for the detection of reciprocal translocations and for induced nondisjunction are discussed.
Harnack's theorem for harmonic compact operator-valued functions

Abstract In this paper we show that harmonic compact operator-valued functions are characterized by having harmonic diagonal matrix coefficients in any choice of basis. We also give an example which shows that an operator-valued function with values outside the compact operators can have harmonic diagonal matrix coefficients in any choice of basis without being a harmonic operator-valued function. We use our harmonic matrix coefficients characterization to establish a Harnack's theorem for an increasing sequence of harmonic compact self-adjoint operator-valued functions and we show that this Harnack's theorem need not hold when the compactness restriction is dropped.
Can Situational and Structural Factors Differentiate Between Intimate Partner and “Other” Homicide?

A large body of research has identified strong and consistent correlates of aggregated intimate homicide incidents; however, the bulk of these studies focuses on the influence of either case or neighborhood characteristics on homicide types, but not both. This study examines data collected from 739 homicides in two distinct metropolitan cities to determine which factors differentiate intimate and non-intimate homicide. Findings reveal that intimate partner homicides (IPH) are more likely to involve females both as victims and offenders when compared to non-IPH incidents. In addition, IPH homicides are more likely to be committed with weapons than non-IPH, but this finding only appears in Indianapolis homicides. Indeed, one of the stark contrasts between Indianapolis and Newark was the much greater prevalence of firearms involved in IPH homicides in Indianapolis. This suggests the need for future research that sorts out patterns of household gun possession, factors influencing community levels of household gun possession, and the use of legally- or illegally-possessed firearms in IPH homicide.
Portable, wireless drowsiness-detection system

This paper presents an EEG-based portable drowsiness-detection system for vehicle drivers. The system has a wireless recording unit without tether wires and employs a fast ICA-based detection algorithm to separate psychophysiological signals from motion artifacts of the driver. The system is implemented and tested on both benchtop and human subjects. The experimental results show that the proposed system can detect a driver's drowsiness with minimal inconvenience to the driver.
In situ growth of juvenile zebra mussels in a regulated stream

ABSTRACT We investigated the in situ growth of juvenile zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in a reach of the Huron River (southeast Michigan) below a dam with a control gate that regulates water levels. Growth was significantly different among sample dates over a five-month-long monitoring season. Mean growth of mussels generally decreased from 0.093 mm/day just above the dam to 0.067 mm/day 4 km downstream, then increased to 0.091 mm/day at end of the 17-km-long study area. Significant differences among sites were most numerous in August during a severe drought when discharges fell substantially. Growth was positively correlated with discharges (R2 = 0.94, p < 0.01). The positive correlation between growth and chlorophyll a levels in the study area, however, was weak (R2 = 0.69, p < 0.1). Our study suggests that discharge may be one controlling factor for dreissenid populations in small streams.