cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Delivery of intramyocardial diffused laser light for treatment of postinfarction ventricular tachycardia

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a rapid and life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia that most often occurs after healing of myocardial infarction. The same catheter techniques that use resistive endocardial heating to treat supraventricular tachycardias are less effective against post-infarction VT, in part because cure of the latter arrhythmia requires large volume, deep tissue coagulation. Greater risk may also be incurred when standard percutaneous methods are used to induce deep tissue heating, because excess endocardial damage can cause mural thrombi, and a large area of non-lethal endocardial injury may itself generate VT. To address these problems we have developed a unique optical fiber for direct intramyocardial photocoagulation which, when coupled to a diode laser (805 nm), can generate lesions up to 1 cm deep and wide without disruption of the endocardium. With further refinement this system may effectively and safely cure post- infarction VT.
Pressure setpoint control of adjustable speed fans

In a variable air volume (VAV) ventilation system equipped with an adjustable-speed supply fan, the fan speed typically is controlled based on the pressure measured at some location in the duct. The pressure setpoint can be fixed at a value chosen to meet maximum flow requirements, or, for greater energy efficiency, can be continuously minimized to provide for only the current flow rate. This paper describes one such pressure reset strategy, presenting energy consumption and pressure setpoint data measured in a pair of mixed-use university buildings. Fan power is modeled as a function of duct pressure, flow, and air temperature, and the model is fit to measured data. The results are used to estimate savings due to the pressure reset scheme. Savings estimates also are derived directly from measured performance of several fans under both pressure reset and fixed pressure mode control.
Rapid release of n-linked glycans from glycoproteins by pressure-cycling technology

The standard, well-established sample preparation protocol to release N-linked glycans from glycoproteins for downstream analysis requires relatively long deglycosylation times (from several hours to overnight) and relatively high endoglycosidase concentration (from 1:250 to 1:500 enzyme:substrate molar ratio). In this paper, we significantly improve this standard protocol by the use of pressure-cycling technology (PCT) to increase the speed and decrease the relative amount of PNGase F during the release of N-linked glycans from denatured glycoproteins. With the application of pressure cycling from atmospheric to as high as 30 kpsi, >95% release of the asparagine-linked glycans from bovine ribonuclease B, human transferrin, and polyclonal human immunoglobulin was rapidly achieved in a few minutes using as low as 1:2500 enzyme:substrate molar ratio. The deglycosylation rate was first examined by SDS−PAGE at the protein level. The released glycans were then quantitated by capillary electrophoresis with lase...
The high-volume return premium: evidence from the Chinese stock market

Extreme trading activity contains valuable information about the future evolution of stock prices in the Chinese stock market. Over the next 30 trading days after the initial volume shocks, a high-low volume portfolio earns a net average cumulate return of 2.08% and a high-low volume and size portfolio earns 3.37%, suggesting that there exists a high-volume return premium and that Chinese investors favor high-volume small-size stocks. However, a volume momentum portfolio earns a −1.65% net average cumulative return, indicating that Chinese stocks exhibit a short-run reversal. Portfolio construction, market risk, and firm size do not seem to explain the results.
Enhanced mucosal and systemic immune response with squalane oil-containing multiple emulsions upon intranasal and oral administration in mice.

The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate squalane oil-containing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion for mucosal administration of ovalbumin (OVA) as a model candidate vaccine in BALB/c mice. Control and optimized OVA-containing W/O/W emulsion (OVA-Emul) and chitosan-modified W/O/W emulsion (OVA-Emul-Chi) formulations were administered intranasally and orally at an OVA dose of 100 μg. The mucosal and systemic immune responses were evaluated after the first and second immunization. The OVA-Emul formulations resulted in higher immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and immunoglobulin-A (IgA) responses as compared with aqueous solution. In addition, significant IgG and IgA responses were observed after the second immunization dose using the emulsions with both routes of administration. Intranasal vaccination was more effective in generating the systemic OVA-specific IgG response than the mucosal OVA-specific IgA response. Oral immunizations, on the other hand, showed a much higher systemic IgG and...
Professional liability in postgraduate medical education. Who is liable for resident negligence

(1994). Professional liability in postgraduate medical education. Journal of Legal Medicine: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 485-531.
Is access influence? Measuring adviser‐presidential interactions in light of the Iranian hostage crisis

Access is not a well‐defined, empirical concept in scholarly treatments of relations between presidents and their closest advisers. This is unfortunate, because the advisory process is central to the exercise of influence over decision making. Presidential access provides a means of controlling the flow of information to the chief executive, thereby enhancing an adviser's ability to define problems, identify options, and persuade the president to accept specific courses of action. Assessing the concept of access in scientific terms, three aggregate measures of access, based upon the occurrence, duration, and intimacy of adviser‐presidential interactions, are applied for heuristic purposes in a case study of the Iranian hostage crisis, in order to illuminate the ways in which valid indicators of adviser‐presidential relationships might be developed. Based on an original data base, the analysis demonstrates the need for a more rigorous theoretical understanding of access, the necessity of employing multiple...
Rhs elements of Escherichia coli: a family of genetic composites each encoding a large mosaic protein

The Rhs family comprises a set of composite elements found in the chromosomes of many natural Escherichia coli strains. Five Rhs elements occur in strain K-12. The most prominent Rhs component is a giant core open reading frame (core ORF) whose features are suggestive of a cell surface ligand-binding protein. This hypothetical protein contains a peptide motif, xxGxxxRYxYDxxGRL(I or T)xxxx, that is repeated 28 times. A similar repeated motif is found in a Bacillus subtilis wall-associated protein. The Rhs core ORFs consist of two distinct parts: a large N-terminal core that is conserved in all Rhs elements, and a smaller C-terminus that is highly variable. Distinctive G+C contents of Rhs components indicate that the elements have a recent origin outside the E. coli species, and that they are composites assembled from segments with very different evolutionary histories. The Rhs cores fall into three sub-families that are mutually more than 20% divergent. Downstream of the core ORF is a second, much shorter ORF. Like the adjacent core extension, these are highly variable. In most examples, the hypothetical product of this ORF has a candidate signal sequence for transport across the cytoplasmic membrane. Another Rhs component, the 1.3 kb H-rpt, has features typical of insertion sequences. Structures homologous to H-rpt have been detected in other bacterial genera, such as Vibrio and Salmonella, where they are associated with loci that determine O-antigen variation.
Educating a New Generation of Social Workers: Challenges and Skills Needed for Contemporary Agency-Based Practice

Schools of social work are continually challenged to provide professional training which effectively prepares students for the ever-changing and increasingly demanding contemporary practice context. This paper provides an overview of emerging clinical, organizational, and research trends and challenges within agency-based social work practice in the past decade. Implications of these changes for the profession will be discussed and recommendations will be offered for ways in which academic and field educators can best equip social work students with the skills needed to meet these challenges of the current agency-based practice context. These recommendations for social work practice, education, and research include the development of an integrated set of clinical, organizational, and research skills; directions for curriculum renewal and expansion; and academic field partnerships for future research.
Screening of the bias field in terahertz generation from photoconductors

We include screening of the bias field by the space charge induced by carrier transport and by the generated terahertz radiation in a model describing the far-field electromagnetic radiation from a large-aperture biased photoconductor triggered by an ultrashort optical pulse. At high fluences, space-charge screening is shown to produce bipolar terahertz waveforms. However, the dominant saturation mechanism is screening of the bias field by the radiated terahertz field.
Collaborative walkthrough using 3D warping

A remote walkthrough environment based on 3D superview warping and view compensation streaming is presented. In the environment, 3D views are rendered on the remote clients using 3D oversized reference views and compensated on a view-on-demand basis by the graphically rendered views from the server. The view compensations (hole residuals and the depth map) are coded using a layered joint source-channel coding with unequal error corrections to protect the significant packets on noisy and erasure mobile channels. The new compensated view will then serve as a reference view for the subsequent rendering on the clients.
Atmospheric pressure microplasmas in ZnO nanoforests under high voltage stress

Atmospheric pressure ZnO microplasmas have been generated by high amplitude single pulses and DC voltages applied using micrometer-separated probes on ZnO nanoforests. The high voltage stress triggers plasma breakdown and breakdown in the surrounding air followed by sublimation of ZnO resulting in strong blue and white light emission with sharp spectral lines and non-linear current-voltage characteristics. The nanoforests are made of ZnO nanorods (NRs) grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, poly-crystalline silicon and bulk p-type silicon substrates. The characteristics of the microplasmas depend strongly on the substrate and voltage parameters. Plasmas can be obtained with pulse durations as short as ∼1 μs for FTO glass substrate and ∼100 ms for the silicon substrates. Besides enabling plasma generation with shorter pulses, NRs on FTO glass substrate also lead to better tunability of the operating gas temperature. Hot and cold ZnO microplasmas have been observed with these NRs on FTO glass substrate. Sputtering of nanomaterials during plasma generation in the regions surrounding the test area has also been noticed and result in interesting ZnO nanostructures (‘nano-flowers’ and ‘nano-cauliflowers’). A practical way of generating atmospheric pressure ZnO microplasmas may lead to various lighting, biomedical and material processing applications.
A formal approach to domain-oriented software design environments

This paper describes a formal approach to domain-oriented software design environments, based on declarative domain theories, formal specifications, and deductive program synthesis. A declarative domain theory defines the semantics of a domain-oriented specification language and its relationship to implementation-level subroutines. Formal specification development and reuse is made accessible to users through an intuitive graphical interface that guides them in creating diagrams denoting formal specifications. Deductive program synthesis ensures that specifications are correctly implemented. This approach has been implemented in AMPHION, a generic KBSE system that targets scientific subroutine libraries. AMPHION has been applied to the domain of solar system kinematics. AMPHION enables space scientists to develop, modify, and reuse specifications an order of magnitude more rapidly than manual program development. Program synthesis is efficient and completely automatic. >
adaptive linearization of a power amplifier based on compression of delta-sigma modulated signals

This paper describes a novel method of adaptive linearization of power amplifier based on mixed mode processing of band-pass delta-sigma pulse stream. Our simulation results have shown significant reduction in spreading of spectra of nonlinear amplifier when adaptive feedback is used.
BGP routing policies in ISP networks

The Internet has quickly evolved into a vast global network owned and operated by thousands of different administrative entities. During this time, it became apparent that vanilla shortest path routing would be insufficient to handle the myriad operational, economic, and political factors involved in routing. ISPs began to modify routing configurations to support routing policies - goals held by the router's owner that controlled which routes were chosen and which routes were propagated to neighbors. BGP, originally a simple path vector protocol, was incrementally modified over time with a number of mechanisms to support policies, adding substantially to the complexity. Much of the mystery in BGP comes not only from the protocol complexity, but also from a lack of understanding of the underlying policies and the problems ISPs face that are addressed by these policies. In this article we shed light on goals operators have and their resulting routing policies, why BGP evolved the way it did, and how common policies are implemented using BGP. We also discuss recent and current work in the field that aims to address problems that arise in applying and supporting routing policies.
3D printing of biomaterials

Three-dimensional (3D) printing represents the direct fabrication of parts layer-by-layer, guided by digital information from a computer-aided design file without any part-specific tooling. Over the past three decades, a variety of 3D printing technologies have evolved that have transformed the idea of direct printing of parts for numerous applications. Three-dimensional printing technology offers significant advantages for biomedical devices and tissue engineering due to its ability to manufacture low-volume or one-of-a-kind parts on-demand based on patient-specific needs, at no additional cost for different designs that can vary from patient to patient, while also offering flexibility in the starting materials. However, many concerns remain for widespread applications of 3D-printed biomaterials, including regulatory issues, a sterile environment for part fabrication, and the achievement of target material properties with the desired architecture. This article offers a broad overview of the field of 3D-printed biomaterials along with a few specific applications to assist the reader in obtaining an understanding of the current state of the art and to encourage future scientific and technical contributions toward expanding the frontiers of 3D-printed biomaterials.
Drag Kinging and the Transformation of Gender Identities

This case study of the feminist drag troupe the Disposable Boy Toys (DBT) examines the relationship between drag and gender identity. Drawing on multiple methods, the author explores the range of gender identities that emerged through participation in DBT. Members saw DBT as the central catalyst for their own identity shifts. The author suggests that these identity transformations occurred through four collective mechanisms: imaginative possibility, information and resources, opportunities for enactment, and social support. The author finds that DBT served as an identity incubator in which participants were able and encouraged to interrogate, play with, and sometimes adopt new gender identities. The author concludes that context is critical in understanding the meaning and importance of drag. Performing gender in this politicized, feminist context shaped the gender identities of the troupe's members in fundamental and varied ways, suggesting that oppositional communities can be an important venue for iden...
PARIS: a parallel inference system

This paper presents an inferential system based on abductive interpretation of text. Inference to the best explanation is performed by the recognition of the most economic semantic paths produced by the propagation of markers on a very large linguistic knowledge base. The propagation of markers is controlled by their intrinsic propagation rules, devised from plausible semantic relation chains. An interpretation is inferred whenever two markers collide. Using a very large knowledge base, our inferential system aims at producing interpretations accountable for common sense reasoning. The novelty is that the inference rules model a large variety of implications, as suggested by the knowledge base relations. Textual implicatures are recognized as pragmatic inferences.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Bismuth(III) Acetylides with Organic Azides: Synthesis of Stable Triazole Anion Equivalents

Readily accessible and shelf-stable 1-bismuth(III) acetylides react rapidly and regiospecifically with organic azides in the presence of a copper(I) catalyst. The reaction tolerates many functional groups and gives excellent yields of the previously unreported, bench-stable 5-bismuth triazolides. This uniquely reactive intermediates can be further functionalized under extremely mild conditions to give fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles.
Effect of Seed-Tuber Generation, Soilborne Inoculum, and Azoxystrobin Application on Development of Potato Black Dot Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes.

ABSTRACT The effect of azoxystrobin on potato black dot and the role of seed- and soilborne inocula of Colletotrichum coccodes in the development of black dot were evaluated in the field using two potato seed generations (generation 1 and 3) of the susceptible cvs. Norkotah Russet and Russet Burbank over 3 years (2002 to 2004). Plants of Norkotah Russet and Russet Burbank treated with azoxystrobin had 13 and 23% higher yields, respectively, than nontreated plants in 2003. Disease severity on both cultivars was reduced 19 to 81%, and 22 to 81% on above- and belowground stem sections, respectively, when plants were treated with azoxystrobin. Plants of both cultivars that were treated with azoxystrobin had 9 to 26% less infected progeny tubers than the nontreated plants. These results indicated the efficacy of azoxystrobin to reduce black dot severity on both stems and progeny tubers. The roles of seed- and soilborne inocula in disease development were evaluated in 2003 and 2004 using generation 1 and 3 seed...
A fully integrated planar toroidal inductor with a micromachined nickel-iron magnetic bar

A fully integrated toroidal inductor is realized on a silicon wafer by using a multilevel metallization technique to fabricate a wrapped coil wound around a micromachined bar of high-permeability magnetic material. In particular, efforts are made to minimize the coil resistance by using thick conductor lines and electroplated vias. In this structure, a 30 /spl mu/m thick nickel-iron permalloy magnetic core is wrapped with 40 /spl mu/m thick multilevel copper conductor lines, constructing a conventional toroidal inductor in planar shape. A closed magnetic circuit (i.e., toroidal) in this inductive component is adopted, where magnetic core bar and wrapped conductor lines are tightly interlinked, so that leakage flux and electromagnetic interference are minimized. For an inductor size of 4 mm/spl times/1 mm/spl times/130 /spl mu/m thickness having 33 turns of multilevel coils, the achieved inductance is approximately 0.4-0.1 /spl mu/H at 1 kHz-1 MHz, corresponding to a core permeability of approximately 800. The measured dc resistance of the conductor lines is approximately 0.3 /spl Omega/. Since this inductive component shows favorable magnetic characteristics as well as electrical properties, it is potentially very useful as a basic inductive component in applications for magnetic microsensors, microactuators, and micromagnetic power devices such as a dc/dc converter. >
"Lending a hand" to patients with type 2 diabetes: a simple way to communicate treatment goals.

A new approach to the care of adults with type 2 diabetes emphasizes proven interventions that improve duration and quality of life.
Reading through art for the worlds to come. A pedagogical take on the ever-present (and ever-pressing) question what can art do?

"Art education seems to be ubiquitous lately. Creativity, innovation, and multiple intelligences are generally celebrated concepts. It is almost politically incorrect to conceive of a curriculum, in any field whatsoever, that lacks a minimum amount of ‘artistic’ exposure. Some even argue that the now old STEM focus for education (science, technology, engineering, math) should mutate into a more up-to-date and fashionable STEAM (science, technology, engineering, art, math)..."
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation of Toll mRNA is required for dorsal-ventral patterning in Drosophila embryogenesis

Toll encodes a receptor that is critical for dorsal-ventral patterning in the early Drosophila embryo. Previous data have suggested that the accumulation of Toll protein in the embryo temporally correlates with elongation of the poly (A) tail of the message. Here, we demonstrate that Toll mRNA is translationally activated by regulated cytoplasmic polyadenylation. We also identify a 192 nucleotide regulatory element in the Toll 3′ UTR that is necessary for robust translational activation of Toll mRNA and also regulates polyadenylation. UV crosslinking analyses suggest that two proteins bind specifically to the 192 nucleotide element. One or both of these proteins may be factors that are required for translational regulation or cytoplasmic polyadenylation. These studies demonstrate that regulated polyadenylation plays a critical role in the Drosophila dorsal-ventral patterning system.
Novel airway management in a child with Goldenhar Syndrome at a remote location.

Source of Support Nil. Disclosures None declared. Cite as: Bhandary SP, Keebler A, Balan S, Papadimos TJ. Novel airway management in a child with Goldenhar Syndrome at a remote location. Heart, Lung and Vessels. 2015; 7(2): 177-178
Adaptive clinical trials: progress and challenges.

Adaptive designs promise the flexibility to redesign clinical trials at interim stages. This flexibility would provide greater efficiency in drug development. However, despite this promise, many hesitate to implement such designs. Here we explore three possible reasons for the hesitation: (i) confusion with respect to the definition of an ‘adaptive design’ (ii) controversy surrounding the use of sample size re-estimation methods; and (iii) logistical barriers that must be overcome in order to use adaptive designs within existing trial frameworks.
Some Microeconomic Principles for the Twentieth Century

Criticisms are advanced against four "economic principles" that traditionally receive a great deal of attention in introductory courses: margins, scarcity, opportunity cost, and economic profit. This paper argues that all but the most cursory discussions of margins should be postponed until intermediate level (and preferable calculus-based) courses, and that the other concepts add little value to economic education at any level and should be abandoned.
The ionic conductivity and catalyst activity effects of acetonitrile on proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Abstract The effect of trace levels of acetonitrile, an airborne pollutant, on proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) membrane/electrode assemblies (MEAs) was investigated in situ and ex situ using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and polarization with a fuel cell and a membrane conductivity cell. In situ test results indicate that acetonitrile depresses electrode activity and decreases MEA ionic conductivity. Ex situ tests demonstrate that acetonitrile does not affect the membrane ionic conductivity, indicating the role for an acetonitrile reduction product (ammonium cation).
Acid Pond Drainage

An acid settling pond located in Barton County, Missouri, was tempo­rarily drained September 15 and September 16, 1980, for reconnaissance investigations. The pH of the acid pond, on September 15, 1980, was pH 2.6; the pH of the pumped pond water in a receiving pond on September 16, 1980, was pH 5.6. It is believed that acid water removed from the source of acid production can, by treatment with calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ), be raised to a pH above 6.5. Considerable savings may occur by treatment of acid waters removed from the source of acid production with only calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) versus inplace mixture treatments of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH 2 )).
Folate and Vitamin B12 May Play a Critical Role in Lowering the HPV 16 Methylation–Associated Risk of Developing Higher Grades of CIN

We previously reported that a higher degree of methylation of CpG sites in the promoter (positions 31, 37, 43, 52 and 58) and enhancer site 7862 of HPV 16 was associated with a lower likelihood of being diagnosed with HPV 16-associated CIN 2+. The purpose of the current study was to replicate our previous findings and in addition to evaluate the influence of plasma concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 on the degree of HPV 16 methylation (HPV 16m). The study included 315 HPV 16 positive women diagnosed with either CIN 2+ or ≤ CIN 1. Pyrosequencing technology was used to quantify the degree of HPV 16m. We reproduced the previously reported inverse association between HPV 16m and risk of being diagnosed with CIN 2+. In addition, we observed that women with higher plasma folate and higher HPV 16m or those with higher plasma vitamin B12 and higher HPV 16m were 75% (P<0.01) and 60% (P=0.02) less likely to be diagnosed with CIN 2+, respectively. With a tertile increase in the plasma folate or vitamin B12, there was a 50% (P=0.03) and 40% (P=0.07) increase in the odds of having a higher degree of HPV 16m, respectively. The present study provides initial evidence that methyl donor micronutrients, folate and vitamin B12, may play an important role in maintaining a desirably high degree of methylation at specific CpG sites in the HPV E6 promoter and enhancer that are associated with the likelihood of being diagnosed with CIN 2+.
Heterostructures for Increased Quantum Efficiency in Nitride LEDs

Task 1. Development of an advanced LED simulator useful for the design of efficient nitride-based devices. Simulator will contain graphical interface software that can be used to specify the device structure, the material parameters, the operating conditions and the desired output results. Task 2. Theoretical and experimental investigations regarding the influence on the microstructure, defect concentration, mechanical stress and strain and IQE of controlled changes in the chemistry and process route of deposition of the buffer layer underlying the active region of nitride-based blue- and greenemitting LEDs. Task 3. Theoretical and experimental investigations regarding the influence on the physical properties including polarization and IQE of controlled changes in the geometry, chemistry, defect density, and microstructure of components in the active region of nitride-based blue- and green-emitting LEDs. Task 4. Theoretical and experimental investigations regarding the influence on IQE of novel heterostructure designs to funnel carriers into the active region for enhanced recombination efficiency and elimination of diffusion beyond this region. Task 5. Theoretical and experimental investigations regarding the influence of enhanced p-type doping on the chemical, electrical, and microstructural characteristics of the acceptor-doped layers, the hole injection levels at Ohmic contacts, the specific contact resistivity and the IQE of nitride-basedmore » blue- and green-emitting LEDs. Development and optical and electrical characterization of reflective Ohmic contacts to n- and p-type GaN films.« less
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone blockade of the ergocryptine and apomorphine inhibition of prolactin release in vitro.

SummaryThe interaction of thyrotropinreleasing hormone (TRH) and ergocryptine or apomorphine in affecting prolactin secretion was examined. Ergocryptine and apomorphine inhibited the release of 3H-prolactin labeled in an in vitro incubation of the rat anterior pituitary and led to a retention within the gland of 3H-prolactin. TRH (1.4 × 10-8M) partially blocked the inhibitory effect of 4 × 10-10M ergocryptine on 3H-prolactin release and totally blocked the effect on radioimmunoassayable prolactin release. TRH also completely blocked the inhibitory effects of 5 × 10-8M apomorphine on both 3H-prolactin and radioimmunoassayable prolactin release. Since TRH can also completely block the inhibitory effects of dopamine upon prolactin secretion, these results are consistent with apomorphine and ergocryptine stimulating “dopaminergic” sites and also further support the role of TRH as a prolactin-releasing factor.This investigation was supported by USPHS 1-R01-AM-13776 and NCI-CA-07535. The authors are grateful to...
Accident Lessons for Stall Upset Recovery Training

In-flight upsets/loss of control is now a leading cause of in-flight commercial aviation accidents. A major category of in-flight upsets is stall upsets with uncontaminated wings and with icing. The 2009 accident of Colgan Airlines flight 3407 is a recent example of a stall upset. A study of in-flight upset accidents and incidents involving stalls reveals a string of opportunities to identify the problem and recover the aircraft, which flight crews have missed. These suggest areas where training can be concentrated so that pilots do not miss these opportunities to break the chain of events that lead to these accidents.
Insight into the structural evolution of a high-voltage spinel for lithium-ion batteries

With a high operating voltage and three-dimensional lithium (Li)-ion diffusion pathways, LixNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (high-voltage [HV] spinel) is considered to be a promising high-energy and high-power density cathode material for Li-ion batteries. Here, we extensively investigate the structural dependence of the spinel cathode on the stoichiometry of the cation/anion ratio through an unprecedented overstoichiometric Li intercalation. This material undergoes the well-known cubic phase transition with one Li insertion from a fully delithiated state. The further overstoichiometric Li intercalation results in a cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition when x reaches 3. When x is electrochemically pushed to ∼4, the coexistence of a rock-salt structure with a layered component is observed. The parent spinel structure is reformed upon complete deintercalation. This reversibility underscores the fact that the HV spinel has a distinct memory of its original form. The resultant phases and morphologies are identified by X-ray dif...
Reservoir Geomechanics: Basic constitutive laws

In this chapter I briefly review a number of the constitutive laws governing rock deformation. Fundamentally, a constitutive law describes the deformation of a rock in response to an applied stress (or vice versa). Because of the breadth of this subject, the material below is restricted to covering key principles that will be referred to later in the text. One unconventional topic discussed at some length at the end of this chapter is the viscous compaction of uncemented sands. As explained below, the presence of water or oil in the pores of a rock will result in time-dependent deformation of any porous elastic ( poroelastic ) solid. The topic I discuss below is the viscous deformation of dry uncemented sands. In other words, in addition to the poroelastic deformation, there is also time-dependent deformation of the dry matrix. There are two main reasons for this. First, many oil and gas reservoirs in the world occur in such formations. Thus, it is important to accurately predict: (i) how they will compact with depletion (especially as related to compaction drive); (i) what the effects of compaction will be on reservoir properties (such as permeability); and (iii) what the effects will be on the surrounding formations (such as surface subsidence and induced faulting). The basic principles of viscous compaction of uncemented sands are outlined in this chapter, whereas the compaction of reservoirs composed of such materials is addressed in more detail in Chapter 12.
Inconsistency of Species Tree Methods under Gene Flow

Coalescent-based methods are now broadly used to infer evolutionary relationships between groups of organisms under the assumption that incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) is the only source of gene tree discordance. Many of these methods are known to consistently estimate the species tree when all their assumptions are met. Nonetheless, little work has been done to test the robustness of such methods to violations of their assumptions. Here, we study the performance of two of the most efficient coalescent-based methods, ASTRAL and NJst, in the presence of gene flow. Gene flow violates the assumption that ILS is the sole source of gene tree conflict. We find anomalous gene trees on three-taxon rooted trees and on four-taxon unrooted trees. These anomalous trees do not exist under ILS only, but appear because of gene flow. Our simulations show that species tree methods (and concatenation) may reconstruct the wrong evolutionary history, even from a very large number of well-reconstructed gene trees. In other words, species tree methods can be inconsistent under gene flow. Our results underline the need for methods like PhyloNet, to account simultaneously for ILS and gene flow in a unified framework. Although much slower, PhyloNet had better accuracy and remained consistent at high levels of gene flow.
The responses of plant cell cycle regulation to external stimulus

The plant development was finished by cell cycle,but quiescent cell could open division only by outside stimulation.As a signal,phytohormone and attachable nutrient material has important function on opening cell cycle and regulating cell cycle progression.For studying relation between environmental signal and cell cycle regulation,on the basic of plant cell cycle regulation mechanism,this article summarized the function and studying evolvement about phytohormone and nutrient material to reciprocity with plant cell cycle in lately years,and expatiated on the possible affect of cell cycle regulator about function of female sterile by outside stimulation.
Centers for independent living and secondary transition collaboration: characteristics for enhanced service delivery for adolescents in the United States

AbstractIntroduction: Research involving secondary transition practices indicates a growing implementation of interagency collaboration to maximize service delivery to support students transitioning from school to adult life. Centers for Independent Living (CILs) are often excluded from collaborative partnerships and denied the opportunity to contribute as a valued stakeholder in the transition process.Method: A total of 189 CIL professionals representing represented 38 states completed the online survey to (a) identify to what degree does the factor structure of Thompson's Collaboration Survey holds for CIL professionals and (b) explore what specific CIL professional and agency characteristics predict greater collaboration between CILs and local education agencies (LEAs). Additionally (c) researchers sought to determine the degrees to which greater self-reported collaboration predicts more frequent transition services provided to transition-age youth by CIL professionals.Results: Results indicated that t...
Expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and its regulator microrna-181 during the development and progression of ovarian cancer.

5579 Background: Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is a lethal malignancy of women with a distinct pattern of metastasis through peritoneal dissemination. Sustained exposure of the ovaries to oxidative stress ...
Longitudinal analysis of the run-up to a decision to break-up (Fork) in a community

In this paper, we use a developer-oriented statistical approach to understand what causes people in complex software development networks to decide to fork (break away), and what changes a community goes through in the run-up to a decision to break-up. Developing complex software systems is complex. Software developers interact. They may have the same or different goals, communication styles, or values. Interactions can be healthy or troubled. Troubled interactions cause troubled communities, that face failure. Some of these failures manifest themselves as a community split (known as forking). These failures affects many people; developers and users. Can we save troubled projects? We statistically model the longitudinal socio-grams of software developers and present early indicators and warning signs that can be used to predict an imminent break-up decision.
Hemodynamic Considerations in Acute Infarction

Some degree of hemodynamic dysfunction occurs in most patients with acute myocardial infarction. The level of dysfunction is directly correlated with the extent of myocardial damage and is the principal factor governing in-hospital mortality. As such, the process of hemodynamic evaluation and recognition of disturbances is critically important in diagnostic assessment, prognosis and treatment of patients with acute infarction.
The relationship of macro and micro processes in Merleau-Ponty: A response to Cutchin

ABSTRACTCutchin’s commentary on Bailliard, Carroll, and Dallman (2018) posed the question “how can/should the micro and macro be related so that they are viewed as part of the same processes of occupation and life?” (p. 238). This response engages Cutchin’s question by focusing on aspects of Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy which enfold micro and macro processes into everyday action. Through his concepts of reversibility, ecart, and coupling, Merleau-Ponty portrays micro and macro processes as co-constitutive and mutually transformative such that they encroach upon each other and cannot be understood separately. We believe Merleau-Ponty offers valuable insight into how these relationships function at all levels of occupational participation.
Thomas Wolfe: Study of a Wanderer

Thomas Wolfe was an American novelist who in his short and tragic life (1900-1939) was preoccupied with themes of lost youth, memory, transience and an insatiable wandering. Wolfe was preoccupied with “what I have seen, felt and thought.” He was a wanderer who in his brief life made seven voyages to Europe and compulsively explored that continent. He would never own a home or a piece of land. He rarely lived in an apartment for more than a year and more commonly for just a few months. The purpose of this paper is to explore the meaning of Wolfe's tormented wandering and his endless searching. It will be my thesis that Wolfe demonstrated an inability to mourn. His writings are an attempt to recapture his past and to restore a “lost world.” Emphasis will be placed on themes of loss and mourning, insatiable hunger and desire, preoccupation with transience and death, and a search for that which was lost.
Tips and Pearls in Revision Sinus Surgery

• Successful revision endoscopic sinus surgery starts with proper patient selection and medical management of comorbidities and environmental influences.
Choosing Corporate Bankruptcy Counsel

While several articles in the last decade have illuminated the basic costs that these professionals add to the chapter 11 process, little else is understood about the role of professionals in chapter 11. Even in the rarified world of public-company bankruptcies, the basic question of how debtors choose bankruptcy counsel has never been the subject of any empirical inquiry. But the choice of counsel has important implications - most notably, because some have argued that debtor's counsel may steer cases to jurisdictions like Delaware and New York, with possible detrimental effects on the debtor's reorganization. This short paper investigates several questions related to the choice of debtor's counsel by examining a new sample of 275 large chapter 11 cases commenced in 2001 through early 2005. Among other things, I find that this market has many more participants than might have been expected. And debtor size only explains a small part of the decision to hire one of the leading law firms as bankruptcy counsel. In short, the market for corporate bankruptcy counsel defies easy, anecdotal explanation.
Building an end-to-end text reading system based on a packed representation

We previously proposed a packed graphical representation to succinctly represent a huge number of alternative semantic representations of a given sentence. We also showed that this representation could improve text interpretation accuracy considerably because the system could postpone resolving ambiguity until more evidence accumulates. This paper discusses our plan to build an end-to-end text reading system based on our packed representation.
BADASSES: The Rise of Women in Criminal Justice

Little is known about the experiences and career trajectories of women working in the criminal justice field. Criminal justice, particularly law enforcement, has historically been largely a male-do...
Practical Strategies to Promote Reflective Practice When Working with Young Children with and At-Risk for Disabilities

The complex and collaborative work of early childhood practitioners (e.g., educators, speech and language pathologists, occupational therapists, social workers) and families requires effective implementation of evidence-based practices. Effective implementation of early childhood practices can be hindered by deeply held assumptions practitioners relate to their own capacity, the capacity and culture of families, and the needs and capacity of the child at the core of their collective work. Transformative learning theory offers a helpful lens to support practitioners in recognizing and shifting assumptions or perspectives hindering their work through reflective discourse strategies. This article explores potential practitioner assumptions and provides guidance on how reflective discourse may facilitate a transformation in practitioners’ assumptions to more successfully implement evidence-based practices, such as those outlined by the Council for Exceptional Children’s Division on Early Childhood.
Improved model prediction of glioma growth utilizing tissue-specific boundary effects.

Abstract Kinetic parameter estimates for mathematical models of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), derived from clinical scans, have been used to predict the occurrence of hypoxia, necrosis, response to radiation therapy, and overall survival. Modeling GBM growth in a cerebral model encounters anatomical boundaries that interfere with model calibration from clinical measurements. Methods: The effect of boundaries is examined on both spherically symmetric and anatomical models of tumor growth. This effect is incorporated into a method that updates kinetic parameters. The efficacy of this method in reproducing clinical image-derived subject data is evaluated. Results: Spherically symmetric simulations of tumor growth with simple boundaries behave predictably when in a linear phase of growth. Anatomic simulations of eleven out of twenty subjects demonstrated improved fit to subject data with the new method. When only subjects exhibiting linear growth are considered, eight out of nine subject demonstrate improved fit to the data. Conclusion: Anatomical boundaries to tumor growth measurably deflect progression and affect estimates of kinetic parameters. The presented method reliably updates kinetic parameters to fit anatomic computational models to clinically derived subject data when those data are in a linear regime.
Generalized Partial Orders for Polar Code Bit-Channels

We study partial orders (POs) for the synthesized bit-channels of polar codes. First, we give an alternative proof of an existing PO for bit-channels with the same Hamming weight and use the underlying idea to extend the bit-channel ordering to some additional cases. In particular, the bit-channel ordering for a given code block length is used to generate additional bit-channel ordering relationships for larger block lengths, generalizing previously known POs. Next, we consider POs especially for the binary erasure channel (BEC). We identify a symmetry property of the Bhattacharyya parameters of complementary bit-channel pairs on the BEC and provide a condition for the alignment of polarized sets of bit-channels for the BEC and general binary-input memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels. Numerical examples and further properties about the POs for the bit-channels with different Hamming weights are provided to illustrate the new POs. The bit-channels with universal ordering positions, which are independent of the channel erasure probability, are verified for all of the code block lengths. Finally, we show the threshold behavior of the Bhattacharyya parameters of some bit-channels by approximating the threshold values. The corresponding value for a bit-channel can be used to determine whether it is good or bad when the underlying channel is known.
Who Holds Positions in Agricultural Futures Markets

We use non-public data regarding all trader-level futures positions, reported to the U.S. grain and oilseed derivatives market regulator (the CFTC), in order to describe the nature of market participants, the maturity structure of their holdings, and the aggregate position patterns for nine different categories of traders that we separate based on their main lines of business. We provide novel evidence about the overall extent of calendar spreading and about the contribution of commercial traders to total spreading activity. Our sample’s 3,854 traders account for 86 to 93 percent of the total futures open interest at the end of an average day in 2015–2018. Well over 90 percent of their positions have maturities of less than a year. Among our nine trader categories, just three (hedge funds and commercial dealers/merchants, plus commodity index traders on the long side) account for about four fifths of all reported trader positions. In fact, fewer than 200 “permanent” large traders (overwhelmingly from these three categories) make up the bulk of the daily open interest in the four largest agricultural futures markets. In the aggregate, the positions of commercial dealers and hedge funds (including commodity pool operators, commodity trading advisors, managed money traders, and associated persons) are highly negatively correlated. This correlation is strikingly strong for short positions: as a result, the sum total of commercial dealers’ and hedge funds’ respective shares of the short open interest fluctuates relatively little over time. We show, for the first time, that calendar spreads account for more than a third of all large trader positions; that much of the intra-year variation in the total futures open interest can be tied to changes in the extent of calendar spreading; that about half of all spread positions involve contracts expiring in 4 to 12 months (either spreading with shorter-dated contracts, or involving only maturities of 4 to 12 months); and that commercial traders who are not swap dealers (dealers and merchants, mostly) make up from a quarter to two fifths of all calendar spread positions. Again, commercial dealers’ and hedge funds’ shares of the spread open interest are negatively correlated. None of these patterns can be inferred from public data, as the CFTC’s Commitments of Traders Reports (COT) do not break out spreads for “traditional” commercial traders in general and commercial dealers and merchants in particular.
Enhanced Stabilization and Easy Phase Transfer of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dots Promoted by High-Affinity Polyzwitterionic Ligands.

The successful growth of colloidal lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) has generated tremendous interest in the community, due to the unique properties and the promise PQDs offer for use in ...