cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Neural networks for multiuser detection in code-division multiple-access communications

Two simple structures employing multilayer perceptrons are proposed for demodulation of spread-spectrum signals in both synchronous and asynchronous Gaussian channels. The optimum receiver is used to benchmark the performance of the proposed receiver; in particular, it is proved to be instrumental in identifying the decision regions for the neural networks. The neutral networks are trained for the demodulation of signals via backpropagation-type algorithms. A modified backpropagation-type algorithm is introduced for single-user and multiuser detection with near-optimum performance that could have applications in other classification and pattern recognition problems. A comparative performance analysis of the three receivers, optimum, conventional, and the one employing neural networks, is carried out via Monte Carlo simulations. An importance sampling technique is employed to reduce the number of simulations necessary to evaluate the performance of these receivers in a multiuser environment. In examples given, the receiver significantly outperforms the conventional receiver. >
A Versatile Co(bisalen) Unit for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cooperative Catalysis in the Hydrolytic Kinetic Resolution of Epoxides

Bisalen—very cooperative: A novel styryl-substituted, unsymmetrical bisalen is shown to be a versatile precursor to both soluble and insoluble cooperative catalysts for the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of epoxides. The unique bisalen motif ensures all catalysts derived from it have the necessary molecular-level ligand pairing needed for cooperative bimetallic catalytic reactions (see scheme).
Designing and Using Peer Nomination Forms

This article focuses on the interplay of four elements to be considered in designing and using peer nomination forms: purpose, characteristics of gifted and talented students, grade level, and item...
Correspondence between functionally significant sequences in immunoglobulin and the T cell receptor for antigen.

Much has been written about the “dual recognition” properties of the T cell receptor, and in a simplistic sense, the immune recognition of T cells is fundamentally different from the recognition properties of immunoglobulin molecules or peptide receptors in general. The unusual feature of the T cell antigen receptor is that it recognizes and presumably binds to two separate molecules located on the surface of B cells or macrophage/dendritic cells. One of these molecules is always a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded molecule, and the other is usually a polypeptide antigen. The structure of a receptor that recognizes two separate molecules has been the topic of many speculative theories; most of these theories have concentrated on the number of receptor subunits, the number of binding sites, and the affinity of the receptor for the various ligend components. The topic of this report concerns the overall structure of the T cell antigen receptor as determined by gene cloning and DNA sequencing, and the structure of the T cell receptor variable region domains expressed by T cells specific for defined antigens. These data indicate that the structure of the T cell antigen receptor is analogous to that of immunoglobulin molecules, and the same principles of antigen recognition apply to each.
Advances in the epidemiology of gestational trophoblastic disease

Recent reports on the incidence of hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma are reviewed, with consideration of the methodologic difficulties of obtaining accurate rates. The incidence of hydatidiform mole appears to be about 1 per 1,000 pregnancies in most parts of the world and perhaps twice as high in Japan. Choriocarcinoma is much less common, and estimates of the incidence are highly variable. Maternal age and a history of hydatidiform mole have been established as strong risk factors for both hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma. The evidence for a role of other factors, including diet, ethnicity, endogenous estrogen levels, ABO blood group and environmental toxins, is weaker.
Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty: Moving Toward Sex-Specific Surgery?

Although pseudotumors have been reported infrequently following hip resurfacing arthroplasty, their potential for periarticular soft-tissue damage has heightened interest with regard to delineating their etiology. Glyn-Jones et al. report their observations on wear patterns from femoral and acetabular components retrieved from eighteen patients with a diagnosis of pseudotumor and a control group of eighteen patients who underwent revision for other modes of hip arthroplasty failure, including fracture, infection, instability, pain, and loosening. Their observations provide additive insight into the pathogenesis of pseudotumors that augments a growing body of literature assessing this clinical concern1-3. The data presented in this study provide support to the association between increased wear (i.e., edge-loading of implants, linear wear, and …
Sex Pheromones of Noctuid Moths. XXIV. Evaluation of Pheromone Traps for Males of Trichoplusia ni

Synthetic sex pheromone of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner), was released at various constant rates from several trap designs. An open, horizontal, cylindrical trap (A), 11 em 10, was used as the standard for comparison. A circular trap (B) consisted of a 60cm-radius circular roof supported 4 em above a circular base. A double cone trap (C) consisted of an upright cylinder having a metal base and wire screen lid plus 2 screen cones through which attracted male moths flew. Males were ensnared in Stickem® in traps A and B and were captured alive in trap C. Optimal pheromone release rates varied among the traps, being about 0.3 μg per minute from trap A and about 1kg per minute from traps Band C. Rates about 3 times higher or lower than the optimum for each trap generally resulted in reduced captures. When evaluated at their optimal release rates, traps Band C captured 4 and 26 times, respectively, more males than trap A.
Water Conservation Techniques and Graywater Reuse at the Single Household Level

Water has become a scarce resource on this earth. The population of the world is increasing tremendously while the earth’s water resources are limited. Many efforts have been put forth to innovate water conservation measures. This work summarizes some analyses performed to investigate the effect and feasibility of applying different water conservation techniques in a US household with an emphasis on the use of graywater in both toilet flushing and landscape irrigation. Some outdoor and indoor conservation techniques are included such as xeriscaping, low-flow toilets, and graywater reuse for toilet flushing and landscape irrigation. The analysis was performed on a house of 3 residents. Twelve conservation scenarios were run through a model developed using the STELLA software (Systems Thinking in an Experimental Learning Lab with Animation). The model outputs are the total amount of potable water used per year and the total amount of wastewater discharged per year. The model results were evaluated and compared based on a cost-benefit analysis. Considering both the annual household savings and the payback period, the scenario which included all water conservation measures as well as graywater usage was the optimum. The optimum scenario achieved annual water savings of 93,000 gallons, which is about 50% of the annual water consumption in the base scenario. The graywater usage was responsible for about 35% of those water savings. The results of this study suggests that water conservation measures can be economically feasible in water scarce areas and stand to save homeowners a significant amount of money in the long run.
The aging of the endocrine hypothalamus and its dependent endocrine glands.

Clusters of poorly demarcated neurons, called nuclei, situated in the hypothalamic area are the source of hormones which through the succession of their actions on the pituitary and the peripheral endocrine glands, regulate and control major functions of the organism, namely, reproduction, energy, metabolism and adaptation. The significance of these vital functions is obvious; thus our understanding of the course of endocrine hypothalamus functioning throughout the length of life is evidently of paramount importance. Numerous genetic and intrinsic or environmental factors can influence or derange the endocrine function of the hypothalamus. However, the most consistent and inevitable factor, one which we now know commences earlier than was once assumed, is aging.
Identification and evaluation of major histocompatibility complex antigens in chicken chimeras and their relationship to germline transmission

Chimeric chickens were evaluated as an intermediate for development of transgenic chickens. The transfer of Barred Plymouth Rock (BR) blastodermal cells into White Leghorn (WL) embryos results in BR-->WL chimeras, and some breeder males generate over 30% germline transmission of the BR genotype to offspring based on a feather-color trait. The objectives of the current study were to 1) identify the MHC (B haplotypes) in resident BR and WL lines, 2) establish that B antigens could be detected and quantified in red blood cells (RBC) of chimeras, 3) establish if there is a correlation in chimeras between percentage of RBC with donor B antigens and percentage germline transmission, and 4) evaluate if the MHC genotype influences chimera development. The RBC agglutination data indicated three B haplotypes were present in each line. The B*2-like, and B*19-like genes were unique to the WL line, and B*13-like and B-15-like genes were unique to the BR line, whereas a B*21-like gene was present in both lines. In adult BR-->WL chimeras, as well as 10- to 14 d-old WL-->WL chimeras, donor-type B antigens were detectable and quantifiable on RBC using flow cytometry. In BR-->WL chimeras, the percentage germline transmission was significantly correlated with the percentage of RBC with donor B antigen, as well as percentage of black feathers in the plumage. In a retrospective study using previously developed BR-->WL chimeras, the level of chimerism and germline transmission was higher in B*21/*21 type recipients, but this was not statistically significant in two prospective studies. It was concluded that MHC antigens on RBC can be used for identifying, quantifying, and selecting chicken chimeras developed by the transfer of blastodermal cells.
Comparisons of Two Trapping Methods for Hylobius pales (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Virginia

The pales weevil, Hylobius pales (Herbst), is a major regeneration pest of Christmas tree plantations in the eastern United States, where traditional control measures include the use of highly toxic insecticides. The development of an effective, easily implemented sampling strategy to detect when serious infestations are imminent is highly desirable for reducing these preventative insecticide applications. Methods were evaluated for trapping walking H. pales under 3 vegetation management treatments in Christmas tree plantations and for their potential to forecast seedling damage. Standard pit traps baited with natural host material and synthetic volatiles caught significantly more H. pales than polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pitfall traps baited with synthetic volatiles alone. No gender differences were observed in response to the trap treatments. No differences in catch were observed between stationary traps and traps rotated biweekly to different locations within each plot. Vegetation management had no significant effect on trap catch. However, H. pales fed on a significantly higher proportion of eastern white pine seedlings, Pinus strobus L., in plots not managed for competing vegetation than in herbicide-treated plots. The data suggested a strong linear relationship between catch and seedling damage; these variables were significantly correlated in 1995, but not in 1994. However, one must be cautious because this regression was based solely on 4 data points. The seasonal occurrence of H. pales in Virginia Christmas tree plantations is reviewed in detail. Our results suggest we must rely on the use of pit traps for monitoring weevil populations in Virginia until an appropriate system for implementing the PVC pitfall trap is developed.
Pain Management as a Predictor of Patient Satisfaction in the Emergency Department

Patient satisfaction has become an increasingly important metric of quality of care and of the patient experience. It has also become an important driver of reimbursement for provider services. Components of patient satisfaction include provision of timely care, keeping the patient and their families apprised of the progress of their diagnostic work-up and treatment, cleanliness of the environment, responsiveness of the treatment team, as well as relief of pain and discomfort. In an era of increasing patient expectations of care, as well as the recent epidemic of opiate abuse, the emergency provider is presented with clinical challenges which did not exist until recently.
Reducing Energy Consumption for Distributed EM-based Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract Minimizing the energy consumption of wireless sensors is critical, yet a challenge for the design of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Energy is consumed in WSNs by sensing, communicating and processing. In various WSN applications, it is likely that communications are the major source of power consumption, rather than computation. Therefore, assuming that local processing is much less expensive than communicating, we focus on minimizing the number of transmissions for a distributed clustering problem in a sensor network. In our setup, each node in the network senses an environment that can be described as a mixture of Gaussians and each Gaussian component corresponds to one of the elementary conditions. For estimating the Gaussian components, we propose a distributed EM algorithm based on stochastic approximation (DEM-SA), and we study a trade-off between local processing and communication for the distributed clustering problem. DEM-SA reduces the traffic and contention in a WSN by keeping computations and communications local and avoiding the need for cycles through the network. Simulation results will be presented.
Blood and Plasma Biochemistry Reference Intervals for Wild Juvenile American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis)

Abstract: American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) are one of the most studied crocodilian species in the world, yet blood and plasma biochemistry information is limited for juvenile alligators in their northern range, where individuals may be exposed to extreme abiotic and biotic stressors. We collected blood samples over a 2-yr period from 37 juvenile alligators in May, June, and July to establish reference intervals for 22 blood and plasma analytes. We observed no effect of either sex or blood collection time on any analyte investigated. However, our results indicate a significant correlation between a calculated body condition index and aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase. Glucose, total protein, and potassium varied significantly between sampling sessions. In addition, glucose and potassium were highly correlated between the two point-of-care devices used, although they were significantly lower with the i-STAT 1 CG8+ cartridge than with the Vetscan VS2 Avian/Reptile Rotor. The refe...
"Back to sleep" saves babies from SIDS in Wisconsin... there's still more to do.

n 1992 the American Academy of Pediatrics issued a policy statement that has resulted in a 50% drop in the annual rate of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The “Back to Sleep” policy stated that infants should no longer be placed on their stomachs, but rather on their backs when being put into their beds. This concept seemed counterintuitive as most people, physicians included, were sure that babies would choke on their secretions if left to sleep unattended in this position. Opposing this seemingly logical practice, studies had come out from the Netherlands in 1970 reporting that they had noted an increase in SIDS when the babies changed from the supine to the prone sleep position. 1 Over 2 decades later, New Zealand reported a 50% decrease in SIDS after changing from the prone to supine position. 2,3 In 1991, the United Kingdom mounted a big campaign to get babies to sleep on their backs. 4
Preparation of monoaminoxydase

Eine einfache Methode zur Gewinnung eines Extraktes (Pulver) von starker Monoaminoxydase-Aktivitat aus Hunde- oder Kaninchennieren wird beschrieben. Differentiales Zentrifugieren und rasches Einfrieren sind die wichtigsten Schritte dieser Methode. Die enzymatische Aktivitat des Praparates bleibt uber mehrere Monate erhalten.
Advances in labor analgesia

Approximately two-thirds of all women in the United States receive analgesia for labor and delivery. The ideal labor analgesic technique would confer complete pain relief without side effects to either the mother or the neonate. The analgesic technique would not cause any lower extremity motor blockade nor interfere with the progress or course of labor and would be sufficiently flexible to produce anesthesia for forceps or cesarean deliveries. Modern obstetric analgesia techniques and medications come close to achieving these goals. The following article will review current labor analgesia techniques and medications used during labor and delivery.
Management of the solitary parotid mass.

Neoplastic disease of the parotid gland can be confusing to clinicians who seldom encounter it. A plan of management is suggested in the form of a series of questions aimed at organizing the diagnostic information.
Underwater Explosive Loading of Curved Composite Plates: Experimental and Computational Comparisons

The effect of underwater shock loading on an E-Glass / Vinyl-Ester composite material has been studied. The work consists of experimental testing, utilizing a water filled conical shock tube and computational simulations, utilizing the commercially available LS-DYNA finite element code. The plates consist of elliptically curved geometry with 0/90 biaxial laminates. The plates are held with fully clamped boundary conditions and are subjected to underwater explosive (UNDEX) loading. The transient response of the plates is captured in real time through the use of a Digital Image Correlation (DIC) system. The DIC data and computational results show a high level of correlation for both the plate deformation and velocity histories using the Russell error measure. The finite element models are also shown to be able to simulate the onset of delamination mechanisms.
Design studies for a compact tungsten scintillator electromagnetic calorimeter

Several designs are currently being investigated for a new type of compact electromagnetic calorimeter that should improve the performance and reduce the cost of electromagnetic calorimeters that are used in high multiplicity environments such as heavy ion collisions at RHIC or LHC. One is a so-called “optical accordion”, which is based on the design of the liquid argon accordion calorimeter that has been used by ATLAS, but employs either scintillating fibers or scintillating plates with wavelength shifting fibers as the active medium, and accordion shaped tungsten plates as the absorber medium. The tungsten can be either a composite or sintered material that allows the formation of accordion shaped plates and has a density nearly that of pure tungsten. Another design is a projective “shashlik” which has a tower structure with alternating layers of tungsten absorber and scintillator plates read out with wavelength shifting fibers. Both designs can utilize a silicon photomultiplier or APD readout that would allow it to be used inside a magnetic field. Results are presented on the light output of various configurations of the optical accordion and projective shashlik, as well as from a Monte Carlo study of the expected performance of the design.
V-band wideband Fabry-Pérot cavity antenna made of thick partially-reflective surface

A V-band Fabry-Perot Cavity antenna, formed by a thick partially-reflective surface, is proposed with a wideband 3 dB gain bandwidth. The radiation performance of the proposed antenna is investigated based on full-wave simulation results showing a maximum gain of 19.3 dBi and a 3 dB gain bandwidth of more than 5.2 GHz at the center frequency of 60 GHz.
Bilateral Control of Functional Electrical Stimulation and Robotics-based Telerehabilitation.

Currently, a telerehabilitation system includes a therapist and a patient where the therapist interacts with the patient, typically via a verbal and visual communication, for assessment and supervision of rehabilitation interventions. This mechanism often fails to provide physical assistance, which is a modus operandi during physical therapy or occupational therapy. Incorporating an actuation modality such as functional electrical stimulation (FES) or a robot at the patient’s end that can be controlled by a therapist remotely to provide therapy or to assess and measure rehabilitation outcomes can significantly transform current telerehabilitation technology. In this paper, a position-synchronization controller is derived for FES-based telerehabilitation to provide physical assistance that can be controlled remotely. The newly derived controller synchronizes an FES-driven human limb with a remote physical therapist’s robotic manipulator despite constant bilateral communication delays. The control design overcomes a major stability analysis challenge: the unknown and unstructured nonlinearities in the FES-driven musculoskeletal dynamics. To address this challenge, the nonlinear muscle model was estimated through two neural network functions that approximated unstructured nonlinearities and an adaptive control law for structured nonlinearities with online update laws. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis was used to prove the globally uniformly ultimately bounded tracking performance. The performance of the state synchronization controller was validated through experiments on an able-bodied subject. Specifically, we demonstrated bilateral control of FES-elicited leg extension and a human-operated robotic manipulator. The controller was shown to effectively synchronize the system despite unknown and different delays in the forward and backward channels.
Ruthenium-catalyzed insertion of adjacent diol carbon atoms into C-C bonds: Entry to type II polyketides

Current catalytic processes involving carbon-carbon bond activation rely on π-unsaturated coupling partners. Exploiting the concept of transfer hydrogenative coupling, we report a ruthenium(0)-catalyzed cycloaddition of benzocyclobutenones that functionalizes two adjacent saturated diol carbon-hydrogen bonds. These regio- and diastereoselective processes enable convergent construction of type II polyketide substructures.
Clinical correlates of negative health events in a research sample with epilepsy.

Abstract Aims In spite of advances in care, people with epilepsy experience negative health events (NHEs), such as seizures, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations. Being able to identify characteristics that are associated with NHE risk can help inform care approaches that reduce complications and burden. This analysis using baseline data from a larger randomized epilepsy self-management clinical trial assessed the relationship between demographic and clinical variables vs. seizure-related complications among people with epilepsy. Methods Data were derived from a baseline sample of a larger prospective study of 120 individuals with epilepsy who experienced an NHE within the last 6 months. Demographic characteristics, depression assessed with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Montgomery–Asberg Depression rating scale (MADRS), quality of life assessed with the 10-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-10), self-efficacy assessed the Epilepsy Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES), social support assessed with the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), self-management assessed with the Epilepsy Self-Management Scale (ESMS), and stigma assessed with the Epilepsy Stigma Scale (ESS) were all examined in association with past 6-month NHE frequency and 30-day seizure frequency. Results Except for lower levels of education and lower levels of income being associated with higher 30-day and 6-month seizure frequency, demographic variables were generally not significantly associated with NHEs. Higher 30-day seizure frequency was associated with greater depression severity on PHQ-9 (p Conclusions Consistent with previous literature, more frequent seizures were associated with worse depression severity and quality of life. A finding that is less established is that higher seizure frequency is also associated with worse epilepsy-related stigma. Epilepsy self-management approaches need to address depression and stigma as well as seizure control.
Operative Management of Pressure Injuries

The number of patients with pressure injuries continues to grow due to higher rates of obesity and diabetes as well as an aging population. In addition, there are high rates of pressure injuries in patients with neurological impairment such as spinal cord injuries. Pressure injuries occur in tissues anatomically located between a surface and a bony prominence because of a lack of blood flow. Superficial pressure injuries can be treated conservatively with dressing changes and local skin care. Deeper pressure injuries that go into muscle (Stage 3) or bone (Stage 4) often require surgical repair. Prior to surgery, patients need to be optimized in terms of their medical conditions, nutrition, and support surfaces. Surgery consists of excision of the wound with trimming back of the bony prominence and often using a soft tissue flap for closure. Recurrence rates after surgery are high, particularly if the underlying reasons for developing the pressure injury are not corrected. Doing a well-designed operation in a proper patient can allow them to return to many normal activities, and with proper monitoring, they can be free of ulcerations.
Explaining Intergenerational Parallelism in Adverse School Experiences: Mediating Influence of Young and Middle Adulthood Experiences.

A theoretically informed model was estimated with the LISREL-VIII program using panel data from 1,384 mother-adolescent child pairs to examine processes by which mothers'adolescent school experiences measured in 1971 (Time 1) affected the adolescent school experiences of their children measured in the 1990s (Time 3) through mediating variables examined when the mothers were young adults in the 1980s (Time 2) and when they were parents of adolescents in the 1990s (Time 3). Results revealed two statistically significant paths from mothers'adolescent school experiences and psychological distress to their children's adolescent school experiences. This intergenerational effect was mediated by mothers' early adoption of adult roles, psychological vulnerability, and low self-expectations, measured at Time 2, and by mothers' educational involvement, educational expectations, and family socioeconomic level, measured at Time 3.
Minimally Invasive Total Hip Arthroplasty with the Anterior Surgical Approach

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) with less surgical trauma is of interest to surgeons and patients because early recovery parameters are improved over standard techniques, and the procedure can be done with less surgical trauma and with shorter insicions.1,2 So-called minimally invasive THA (MIS-THA) procedures have been described with two small incisions, and in the hands of selected surgeons, the two-incision MIS-THA offers accelerated hospital discharge, and an earlier return to function when compared with traditional methods of performing THA.3,4 In the two-incision technique, the anterior incision and dissection are performed in the Smith-Petersen surgical interval. THA done with this method is a true muscle-sparing approach that is less invasive than any other method that divides or detaches tendons. Excellent outcomes of THA done with other variations of the anterior approach have been reported previously.5–7
SNAP Benefits and Pregnancy-Related Emergency Room Visits

Pregnant women are likely to be sensitive to daily fluctuations in nutritional intake. To see if income constraints at the end of the month limit food consumption and trigger health problems, we examine how the date that benefits are issued for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) changes the probability that a woman will go to the Emergency Room (ER) for pregnancy-related conditions using administrative data from SNAP and Medicaid from Missouri for 2010–2013. SNAP benefits in Missouri are distributed from the 1st through the 22nd day of the month based on the birth month and the first letter of the last name of the head of the household, making timing of SNAP issuance exogenous. We estimate probit models of the calendar month and SNAP benefit month on the probability of a pregnancy-related ER visit for women age 17–45, or the sample at risk of being pregnant. We also examine the relationship between SNAP benefit levels and ER visits. We found that women who received SNAP benefits in the second or third week of the calendar month were less likely to receive pregnancy-related care through the ER in the week following benefit receipt. Results suggest that SNAP benefits might be related to patterns of pregnancy-related medical care accessed through the ER. Since SNAP issuance date is within state control in the United States, states may want to consider the health effects of their choice.
Pleistocene diversification in an ancient lineage: a role for glacial cycles in the evolutionary history of Dioon Lindl. (Zamiaceae).

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Recent estimates of crown ages for cycad genera (Late Miocene) challenge us to consider what processes have produced the extant diversity of this ancient group in such relatively little time. Pleistocene climate change has driven major shifts in species distributions in Mexico and may have led to speciation in the genus Dioon by forcing populations to migrate up in elevation, thereby becoming separated by topography. METHODS We inferred orthologs from transcriptomes of five species and sequenced these in 42 individuals representing all Dioon species. From these data and published plastid sequences, we inferred dated species trees and lineage-specific diversification rates. KEY RESULTS Analyses of 84 newly sequenced nuclear orthologs and published plastid data confirm four major clades within Dioon, all of Pleistocene age. Gene tree analysis, divergence dates, and an increase in diversification rate support very recent and rapid divergence of extant taxa. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the Pleistocene age of Dioon species and implicates Pleistocene climate change and established topography in lineage spitting. These results add to our understanding of the cycads as evolutionarily dynamic lineages, not relicts or evolutionary dead ends. We also find that well-supported secondary calibration points can be reliable in the absence of fossils. Our hypothesis of lineage splitting mediated by habitat shifts may be applicable to other taxa that are restricted to elevation specific ecotones.
The Unhiring Dilemma: Effects of Job Delays, Job Rescissions, and Compensation on Organizational Attractiveness and Justice Judgments

A relatively new phenomenon in recruitment and selection is the unhiring dilemma: New hires who were promised employment after graduation but now find their job offers rescinded or delayed. In study 1, we use a scenario context to examine how job rescissions and delays, along with four different compensation alternatives, influence new hire judgments of organizational attractiveness and organizational justice. We find that for those whose jobs were delayed, compensation structures that provide increasingly favorable outcomes are viewed more positively, but for those whose jobs were rescinded, the most favorable evaluations occurred upon receipt of lump sum compensation - in other words, the compensation outcome that also immediately severs the relationship between the rebuffed new hire and the company. In Study 2, we interviewed a small sample of MBA graduates who had job offers rescinded or delayed. Here, we find additional evidence or linear effects in that more positive unhiring outcomes (e.g., job delays or rescissions with compensation) lead to enhanced organizational attractiveness and procedural justice judgments.
Academic Geriatric Orthopaedics: A New paradigm for Inpatient Care.

Healthcare systems are embarking on innovative, technologically savvy approaches to caring for our most rapidly growing population worldwide—the elderly. As healthcare systems respond, adapt, and strategically plan for this rapidly growing population, it is paramount that we develop new paradigms of care for older patients. This review highlights some of the approaches academic medical centers are taking to improve the musculoskeletal and orthopedic health of older adults. Academic health centers are posed to set and lead the standard of care for the next generation of orthopedic care for older adults by leveraging innovative informatics platforms, quality improvement methodologies, game-changing research initiatives, education to the next generation of providers, and helping change policies to help patients receive the best quality of life possible across the aging spectrum. Academic geriatric orthopedics can help society embrace a new paradigm in care for older adults by leveraging rapidly developing technologically and innovative approaches to care, advanced research, and education.
East Asian and native-English-speaking students’ participation in the graduate-level American classroom

This study explored participation patterns that East Asian students and non-East Asian students who were native English speakers exhibited a graduate-level American classroom. Through the analysis ...
Waveguide-based chemo- and biosensors: complex emulsions for the detection of caffeine and proteins

We report on a new modular sensing approach in which complex emulsions serve as efficient transducers in optical evanescent field-based sensing devices. Specifically, we leverage the tunable refractive index upon chemically triggered changes in droplet morphology or orientation. Variations in the optical coupling result in readily detectable changes in the light transmitted from a waveguide.
Development of a Gastric Simulation Model (GSM) incorporating gastric geometry and peristalsis for food digestion study

Abstract There has been growing interest in developing in vitro gastrointestinal models as alternatives to in vivo tests, which is challenging ethically and financially. An in vitro Gastric Simulation Model (GSM) was developed to reproduce the geometry and motility of human stomach. The peristalsis was generated by a series of syringes squeezing a latex chamber pneumatically. In particular, the distribution, amplitude and frequency of contractions demonstrated similar patterns as in human gastric conditions. The breakdown kinetics and size distribution of sausage particles during the digestion were investigated in GSM to demonstrate the effect of the contraction force. Furthermore, the gastric emptying of water-soluble nutrient (methylene blue) and nondigestible solids (amberlite beads) was investigated. The results indicated that the viscosity of the gastric digesta significantly affected the local flow and emptying behavior of nutrients and solids. This study illustrated the capability of GSM to recreate the transient physiological conditions and dynamic flow of gastric contents due to its specificity of geometry and contraction patterns. The new model can be used to investigate the influence of food matrix and physiological conditions, including gastric secretion and contraction forces on transit and digestion of foods in the stomach.
Separation and prioritization of uncertainty sources in a raster based flood inundation model using hierarchical Bayesian model averaging

Abstract Uncertainty in a hydrodynamic model originates from input data, model structure and parameters. In order to provide the robust model predictions, the Bayesian model averaging (BMA) approach could be used as a multi-model combining method to account for the compound effects from various uncertainty sources. However, BMA cannot provide a clear picture of the impact from individual uncertainty sources. Hierarchical Bayesian model averaging (HBMA) is a recently developed approach to study the relative impact of different uncertainty sources, which explicitly considers various sources of uncertainty in the hierarchical structure (BMA tree) for analysing uncertainty propagation. In this study, HBMA is tested over the Black River watershed in Missouri and Arkansas based on water stage predictions from 243 LISFLOOD-FP model configurations that integrate five sources of uncertainty including channel shape, channel width, channel roughness, topography and flow forcing. To compare, the model perturbation approach is also applied in this study to investigate the influence of individual uncertainty sources on model prediction. Overall, the results indicate that HBMA provides an alternative way for flood modellers to deal with modelling uncertainty in data sparse region when multiple choices of uncertainty sources are considered. Findings from Black River watershed point out that without considering the model weight (model perturbation approach), channel width and topographical data resolution have the largest impact on the hydrodynamic model predictions followed by flow forcing, which has a relatively greater influence than channel cross-sectional shape and model parameter. However, when model weights are taken into account (HBMA), model input (topography and flow forcing) and model parameter have a larger impact on prediction variance than model structure (channel width and cross-sectional shape). Moreover, as results move up the hierarchy along the BMA tree, the accuracy of deterministic mean prediction also increases in general whereas the 95% confidence interval associated with the deterministic mean prediction might become larger.
Hedgehog Acyltransferase Promotes Uptake of Palmitoyl-CoA across the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane

Attachment of palmitate to the N terminus of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is essential for Shh signaling. Shh palmitoylation is catalyzed on the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat), an ER-resident enzyme. Palmitoyl-coenzyme A (CoA), the palmitate donor, is produced in the cytosol and is not permeable across membrane bilayers. It is not known how palmitoyl-CoA crosses the ER membrane to access the active site of Hhat. Here, we use fluorescent and radiolabeled palmitoyl-CoA probes to demonstrate that Hhat promotes the uptake of palmitoyl-CoA across the ER membrane in microsomes and semi-intact cells. Reconstitution of purified Hhat into liposomes provided further evidence that palmitoyl-CoA uptake activity is an intrinsic property of Hhat. Palmitoyl-CoA uptake was regulated by and could be uncoupled from Hhat enzymatic activity, implying that Hhat serves a dual function as a palmitoyl acyltransferase and a conduit to supply palmitoyl-CoA to the luminal side of the ER.
Maneuvering Algorithms of a Small-sized Underwater Robot

The article considers the problem of motion control of an underwater robot in space. The main objectives in this area were obtained for torpedo-shaped underwater vehicles, the dynamics of which differ significantly from the dynamics of the object under study. In this regard, there is a need to build a mathematical model of the apparatus’s movement and select motion control algorithms, on the basis of which remote control can be implemented. The structure of a fuzzy controller for maneuvering underwater robots in the horizontal plane with a programmed change in the angle of heel, as well as ways to configure it is proposed. The results of the modeling controlled movement of the underwater vehicle in the horizontal plane are presented, showing the efficiency of the fuzzy control in comparison with the proportional-differential controller. The results can be used to build automatic control systems for the spatial movement of the underwater vehicle.
POLYMORPHIC NONSUSTAINED VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA DURING SLEEP STUDY ASSOCIATED WITH A SIGNIFICANT OBSTRUCTIVE CAD

The significance and outcomes of Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia (NSVT) greatly depend on the clinical context where it is encountered. A 69- year- old male with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking developed a 6.2 second run of asymptomatic polymorphic NSVT
A prospective study of 68Ga-RM2 PET/MRI in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer and negative conventional imaging.

e17536Background: 68Ga-RM2 is a synthetic bombesin receptor antagonist targeting gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPr) that are overexpressed in several human tumors, including prostate cancer...
An Optimized Subspace-Based Approach to Synchrophasor Estimation

We present two improvements to the subspace-based phasor measurement unit (PMU) algorithms based on ESPRIT frequency estimation. The first is a dynamic, real-time thresholding method to determine the size of the signal subspace. This allows for accurate ESPRIT-based frequency estimates of the nominal system frequency and the frequencies of any out-of-band interference or harmonic frequencies. Since other frequencies are included in the least squares (LS) estimate, the interference from frequencies other than nominal can be excluded. This results in a near flat estimation error over changes in: 1) nominal system frequency; 2) harmonic distortion; and 3) out-of-band interference. We also reduce the computational burden of ESPRIT and demonstrate the proposed algorithm running in real time on resource-constrained platforms. The accuracy of this algorithm is evaluated using the IEEE standard for synchrophasor estimation, IEC/IEEE 60255-118-1, and compared with another state-of-the-art PMU algorithm.
Holocene subalpine forest-parkland dynamics in Big Cottonwood Canyon, Wasatch Mountains, Utah, USA:

Understanding long-term responses of subalpine forest-parklands to Holocene climate variability in local context is critical for better managing those ecosystems under future climate change. Availa...
Stellate Ganglion Blockade With Continuous Infusion Versus Single Injection for Treatment of Ventricular Arrhythmia Storm

Abstract Objectives This study sought to compare the efficacy and safety of single-injection stellate ganglion block (SGB) with a novel continuous-infusion SGB procedure. Background SGB for ventricular arrhythmia (VA) storm is typically performed with a single injection of local anesthetic agents. Methods Eighteen patients underwent left-sided SGB (9 single injection and 9 continuous infusion). The number of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies and sustained VAs/24 h were compared between the pre-SGB and post-SGB periods. Adverse effects of SGB and in-hospital outcomes were also compared. Results The mean age was 61.1 ± 13.7 years. The presenting arrhythmia was ventricular tachycardia in 13 (72%) patients, ventricular fibrillation in 4 (22%), and both in 1 (6%). Single-injection SGB reduced VA/24 h by a median of 0.3 (interquartile range: 0.2 to 0.9), which was a 45% reduction (p = 0.008), resulting in 5 of 9 patients with no recurrent VA. Continuous-infusion SGB reduced VA/24 h by a median of 2.0 (interquartile range: 1.3 to 3.0), which was a 94% reduction (p = 0.004), resulting in 7 of 9 patients with no recurrent VA (p = 0.006 for comparison with single injection). Transient left arm weakness and voice hoarseness were each noted in 1 patient in both groups. Repeat SGB was required in 4 (44%) patients in the single-injection group. In-hospital outcomes were similar between the groups. Conclusions In patients with VA storm, SGB performed via both continuous-infusion and single-injection approaches provided significant reductions in VA burden. Compared to single-injection SGB, continuous-infusion was associated with a greater reduction in VA burden and similar adverse events, without the need for repeat procedures.
Prescription Opioids in Arkansas: Finding Legislative Balance

Prescription opioid use and abuse is a complex policy issue in which the Arkansas legislature has recently shown interest. State lawmakers should thoughtfully balance of the needs of legitimate pain patients with the risks associated with prescription drug abuse when developing new policies regarding prescription opioids in Arkansas. Terms such as “crisis” and “epidemic” used by government agencies likely overemphasize the abuse side of the equation. Targeting prescription numbers and overdose death statistics misguide public policy because these numbers likely reveal statistical trends consistent with the rising need for appropriate pain relief in a U.S. population that is aging, more likely to use prescription drugs in general, more obese, and surviving longer with painful conditions. Arkansas has unique characteristics that may account for its high ranking among states for prescription painkiller use. Effective public policy options include improved education, monitoring, enforcement and support — and specific recommendations are included in this paper for each category. It will take cool-headed, well-educated policymakers to avoid tipping the balance further against legitimate pain patients. Arkansas has the potential to be a leader nationwide in this difficult area of public policy.
Affirmative Action Assumptions

Courts should rely on data rather than assumptions to validate policy. The law should be grounded in fact, relying on reliable empirical evidence to support any assertions made. For forty years, however, the Supreme Court has depended primarily on assumptions to craft and develop national affirmative action jurisprudence — law that determines who has access to our institutions of higher education and the accompanying rewards and recognition. Today, we have the empirical data to test many of the hypotheses the Court relied on prematurely as fact; this Article employs that data to determine whether the Court’s determinations in Bakke and its aftermath were grounded in fact or fiction. Empirical research should also inform improved affirmative action standards for the future.