cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Recovery Maintenance in Bipolar Depression

Misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder and inappropriate pharmacotherapeutic treatment is common. Clinicians should screen for manic/hypomanic symptoms during depressive episodes to differentiate bipolar depression from other depressive disorders. Depression is the dominant pole of bipolar disorder, and effective maintenance therapy must prevent depressive episode recurrence. Few pharmacologic treatments have evidence supporting both short- and long-term efficacy for bipolar depression. Clinicians must consider the existing evidence on the long-term efficacy of various pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions for preventing and treating bipolar mood episodes.
Correlations between extractable Na, K, Mg, Ca, P & N from fresh and dried samples of two Aquults

SUMMARY Significant increases in extractable ions resulted from air-drying and grinding samples of two infertile Aquults. Effects of the sample preparation differed markedly between ions and between the two soils. Regression equations were calculated to predict extractable ions in dried, ground samples from extractable ions in fresh, unground samples and the relationships were compared between the two soil series. Regressions were significantly different between soils for extractable PO34, Mg++, and K+, but not for Ca++ and Na+. Extractable NH +4 and NO-3 in fresh, unground samples were not correlated with those in air-dry, ground samples of either soil. Differences in response to preparation between soil types appeared to be related to the oxidative status of these soils in the field, wherein constituents of more poorly-drained soils may be less stable to the oxidizing conditions of air-drying and grinding. Such complexities suggest that effects of sample preparation should be considered when interpreting soil nutrient data for studies of forest nutrient cycling and forest soil fertility.
Long term response in a patient with neoplastic meningitis secondary to melanoma treated with 131I‐radiolabeled antichondroitin proteoglycan sulfate Mel‐14 F(ab′)2

Even with novel chemotherapeutic agents and external beam radiation therapy, the prognosis of neoplastic meningitis secondary to malignant melanoma is still dismal. The authors report a case study of a 46-year-old white female who presented with progressive hearing loss, severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, and a rapid decline in neurologic status. She was referred to Duke University Medical Center after conventional chemotherapy for malignant melanoma failed. She was enrolled in a Phase I trial of 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody Mel-14 F(ab′)2 fragment administered intrathecally. Within a year after her treatment, she recovered, having a normal neurologic exam except for residual bilateral hearing loss. The authors discuss dosimetry, preclinical, and clinical studies conducted with Mel-14 F(ab′)2 and introduce a potentially promising therapy option in the treatment of neoplastic meningitis in patients with malignant melanoma. Currently, the patient remains neurologically normal except for a mild bilateral hearing loss more than 4 years after treatment and has no radiographic evidence of neoplastic meningitis. Cancer 2001;91:1809–13. © 2001 American Cancer Society.
A model curriculum to promote teacher‐centered use of technology

(1994). A model curriculum to promote teacher‐centered use of technology. Peabody Journal of Education: Vol. 69, Our Evolving Curriculum, Part II, pp. 113-130.
Collagen Network Architecture Varies Between Pure Collagen and Collagen-Fibrin Co-Gels

Naturally-occurring extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, e.g. collagen I and fibrin, play an important role in tissues, conferring structural integrity and providing a biochemical environment for eliciting important cellular responses (e.g. migration). Tissue engineers use a variety of matrix polymers as initial scaffolds for seeding cells, sometimes in combination with one another (e.g. collagen-fibrin [1]). For example, our group fabricates arterial tissue equivalents (TEs) by seeding cells in a fibrin gel, which is gradually degraded over time and replaced by cell-produced collagen [2]. While the structure and mechanics of individual ECM proteins have been studied extensively, how multiple fibrillar networks interact to confer overall mechanical behavior remains poorly understood. Narrowing this gap in knowledge of scaffolds comprising multiple fibril networks is crucial in allowing for more rational design in tissue engineering, as cells react differently according to their mechanical environments. For collagen-fibrin networks in particular, early efforts in elucidating interactions between these two fibril networks in co-gels have proven inconclusive due to inconsistent findings from various groups. Recent modeling efforts by our group have shown that simple “series” and “parallel” type interactions provide bounds for the mechanical behavior of collagen-fibrin co-gels [3]. In addition, experiments on pure collagen and fibrin vs. their respective networks from collagen-fibrin co-gels after digestion showed slight differences in mechanical behavior [4]. These previous studies have focused on the composition-function relationship between collagen and fibrin. The objective of the current work is to explore how collagen network architecture changes in the presence of the fibrin network in collagen-fibrin co-gels, thereby providing an added dimension to our understanding of collagen-fibrin systems by elucidating structure-composition-function relationships between collagen and fibrin.© 2012 ASME
Bioassay of a Drosophila pheromone influencing sexual selection

PHEROMONES function by transmitting information from a sending to a receiving organism by chemical means. In a classic paper, Bossert and Wilson classified the effects of such information transfer into releasing and priming1. Releaser pheromones evoke an immediate overt behavioural effect, whereas primer pheromones activate the chemoreceptor in such a way as to alter the physiology of the receiving organism1,2. In general, studies involving the isolation identification of pheromones have concentrated on releasers such as sex attractants, alarm pheromones, trail pheromones and aggregation pheromones3. The advantage of using releaser pheromones in such studies is that the behavioural effects can be observed even in a single individual of the appropriate age, sex and species. This makes the development of a relatively simple and rapid bioassay a straightforward process. So far the important exception to the use of releaser pheromones has been the work of Butler et al. showing that 9-ketodecenoic acid inhibits ovarian development in worker bees4. This substance, however, was first identified as the sex attractant of the queen bee and later shown to have a primer effect. We describe here a bioassay for a substance with an effect which does not fit easily into either the releaser or primer category.
Changes in the pituitary and hypothalamic content of methionine-enkephalin during the estrous cycle of rats☆

Abstract Met-Enkephalin content of the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area, medial basal hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, intermediate and posterior pituitary was measured using a specific radioimmunoassay. Met-Enkephalin content of the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area, medial basal hypothalamus and anterior pituitary was very high on the morning of proestrus but decreased on the afternoon of proestrus and on estrus. The content of met-Enkephalin was more variable in the anterior pituitary than in the anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area and medial basal hypothalamus during the estrous cycle. The results suggest that the met-Enkephalin may be involved in regulating the hypothalamo-hypophyseal function during estrous cycle in the rat.
Light-induced electron transfer reactions

Abstract The reactions of the luminescent excited states of the polypyridine-ruthenium(II) complexes (*RuL32+) with electron acceptors and donors are discussed. These electron transfer reactions convert the excited state into RuL33+ and RuL3+, respectively. The former ruthenium complex is a more powerful oxidant and the latter is a more powerful reductant than the excited state itself. Some applications of these complexes in the conversion and storage of solar energy are presented. Theoretical models for electron transfer reactions are described and the implications of these models for the quenching and back electron transfer reactions are discussed. It is pointed out that the exploitation of the inverted region may provide a useful means of slowing down back electron transfer reactions.
Determination of graft tension before fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Summary This study was performed to determine the tension needed to be applied on an anterior cruciate ligament graft before fixation to obtain normal anteroposterior translation following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Ten fresh-frozen cadaver knees underwent arthroscopy and were determined to have intact anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and both menisci. A knee arthrometer (model KT 1000, MedMetric Corp., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.) was used to determine the anteroposterior translation with a 20 lb load. The anterior cruciate ligament was arthroscopically sectioned, and a repeat arthrometer measurement was made. Isometric points in the femur and tibia were determined using a tension isometer before drilling bony tunnels. The central third patellar tendon (bone-tendon-bone) complex, semitendinosus that was doubled on itself, and an iliotibial band approximately 3 cm wide were harvested. The grafts were separately passed through the knee, the femoral end was secured, and various tensions were applied to the tibial end before fixation. Repeat knee arthrometer measurements were performed after each new tension was applied. Arthrometer testing was continued until the post-reconstruction 20 lb anterior drawer equalled the anterior cruciate ligament intact drawer. The patellar tendon returned the knee to its preoperative condition with a mean 3.6 lb of tension, the semitendinosus with 8.5 lb, and the iliotibial band with 13.6 lb. All these differences were statistically significant (p
Zein: A history of processing and use

ABSTRACT Corn is the largest and most important agricultural commodity in America. Zein, one of the components in corn, has long been investigated for uses other than food and feed. Zein is a unique and complex material, and it is one of the few cereal proteins extracted in a relatively pure form. Today, because of environmental concerns, interest in zein utilization is again growing. Some of the more important research on zein is more than 50 years old. Most of this work has been either forgotten, lost, or difficult to locate. Much of this work was done at the USDA laboratory in Peoria, IL. Since most early zein literature is still easily accessible at that laboratory, this review on zein has been prepared making use of this old literature. This review reexamines the old literature and reconciles it with new zein research to illustrate some of the unique properties of and opportunities for zein.
Heuristics for two-level hierarchical transportation networks

Given a set of points, we wish to design a network consisting of a primary link and a set of secondary links connecting the points to the primary link. The objective of the problem is to find the location and length of the primary link in order to minimize the sum of its weighted length and the weighted lengths of all secondary links. We assume that the weight of the secondary link from any point varies depending on the location of that point. In this paper, we describe efficient algorithms and their computer implementation for two scenarios of this problem. In the first scenario, only direct secondary links are allowed from each point to the primary link. In the second scenario, the secondary link from a point is allowed to pass through other points before reaching the primary link.
On the Performance of Alternating Concurrent Cooperative Transmissions in the High Path-Loss Attenuation Regime

This paper addresses the issue of network broadcasting using alternating concurrent cooperative transmissions for sensor-based wireless networks that are very lossy. The medium access control (MAC)-free broadcast strategy is a simple, energy-efficient, low-overhead form of cooperative diversity-based strategy called the opportunistic large arrays (OLAs), and uses a received power-based threshold to define mutually exclusive sets of nodes during the initial broadcast, such that the union of the sets includes all the nodes in the network or cooperative route. This eliminates the formation of undesirable network coverage holes, a result of the ``dead" nodes resulting from repeated usage. This broadcast strategy has been analyzed for wireless channels with $\gamma=2$. The semi-analytical approach presented here investigates network life extensions for $\gamma>2$ by considering two extreme continuum network topologies that correspond to the largest and smallest ratios of nodes (or network areas) used up during a successful broadcast, namely discs and strips, analyzing which will then set the bounds for arbitrary-shaped static, cooperative routes or networks.
Virtual experimentation: conceptual models and hypothesis testing of ecological scenarios

Abstract Models intended to describe the mechanisms involved in ecological systems (conceptual models) are being increasingly employed to make predictions, and evaluate the effect of different scenarios. We propose a framework for employing conceptual models in hypothesis testing of ecological scenarios for the case external entities have an additive effect on treatment entities. The use of conceptual models to test the effect of scenarios is referred to as ‘virtual experimentation’. The rationale of virtual experimentation is compared and contrasted with field experimentation. The analysis of the effect of acidic deposition on the site index of a forest stand is employed to illustrate this methodology. A conceptual forest growth model based on the pipe theory and the self-thinning rule is employed to conduct this analysis. In this virtual experiment we assume that the effect of external entities on treatments is additive. It is argued that this study proposes a valuable method for testing the effect of ecological scenarios employing conceptual models.
Educating Principled Citizens: A Small Private College Advances Its Long-Standing Mission Via Lessons Learned From a New Values Initiative at a Large Public University

This article discusses how a small private liberal arts college learned from a large public university, adopting one element of the large public university’s multiple component curricular and co-curricular values initiative.
Computer programming for facilities treating developmentally disabled children

In the mental health institution, the staff are generally divided into two areas: the administrators and the clinicals. "The administrative-programmatic objective is the make a general class of services available to a specific individual or group of individuals" (Hurder & Hurder, ND). Therefore, each group is interested in different kinds of data for different purposes.
Cyclazocine-induced sleep disruptions in nondependent addicts.

Abstract 1. 1. After one adaptation night, the sleep of seven male nondependent opiate addicts was studied following intramuscular cyclazocine (0.125; 0.25; 0.50 mg/70 kg) or placebo at weekly intervals in a randomized double-blind crossover design. Drug effects were measured on sleep stages and several episodic phenomena. 2. 2. Cyclazocine caused dose-related increases in sleep latency, REMS latency, percent spindle sleep, and a marked increase over placebo in wakefulness, drowsiness, and shifts in sleep-making states. 3. 3. Cyclazocine produced a dose-related decrease in all measures of delta sleep, and some measures of REMS, and a marked decrease below placebo of sleep efficiency and total REMS. 4. 4. All doses of cyclazocine caused sustained periods of waking with little muscle tension. 5. 5. Cyclazocine (0.5mg) consistently caused urination during periods of extended arousal; urination has not been seen after morphine or other opioids of the mu type. 6. 6. These studies indicate that cyclazocine has effects on human sleep which are in some ways similar and other ways dissimilar to morphine type analgesics. The results are consistent with the concept that cyclazocine is a mixed agonist-antagonist of the opioid type with agonist actions at the kappa receptor.
Peptides from pigeon cerebrum: Two-dimensional fingerprinting and amino acid analysis

Abstract The number and heterogeneity of endogenous peptides from pigeon cerebrum were studied by two-dimensional peptide fingerprinting. A highly consistent pattern of 8–9 peptides in the 1000–5000 molecular weight range was obtained from each cerebral sample. Amino acid analysis of the peptide material indicated that 30% of the identified residues were dicarboxylic amino acids and 30% were aliphatic amino acids. There was no evidence for the presence of arginine or half-cystine in the peptide fraction.
Variations in Catchability of Fishes with Color of Gillnets

Abstract Gillnets of nine colors were compared with white nylon to determine effects of each color on catch rates of numbers and weights of 15 species of fishes in Elephant Butte Lake. Data were analyzed with mixed-model analysis of variance. Significantly different catch rates were compared, as fractions of unity (ratios), with rates in white nets. All colors afforded positive or negative selectivity for various species. Seasonal differences in catch rates between colored and white nets were found only in clear monofilament nets. Catch rates in monofilament nets were higher than in white nets during summer when water transparency was low. Catch rates in white nets were higher from September through March when water was relatively clear and monofilament nylon appeared to break light into a spectrum. Most significant differences consisted of reduced catches in colored nets. Thus, use of colors allows selection of species along with handling smaller numbers of unwanted fish. Brown nets caught more catostomi...
Implementation of the Routine Use Clause of the Privacy Act

Information privacy, the privacy of personally identifiable data held by organizations, gained access to the federal policy agenda in the sixties. The passage of several legislative acts resulted in protection for information privacy in specific environments and circumstances. In 1974, the Privacy Act was passed, providing citizens limited protection for data held by agencies of the federal government. While the Privacy Act is the cornerstone of protection for citizens with regard to government-held data, the law has been less effective than its designers hoped it would be. One major deject of the law is the routine use clause, which has been subjected to broad interpretation and distortion, to the benefit of executive branch agencies which handle personally identifiable data. This article examines the issue of information privacy, with focus on the misuse of the routine use clause and subsequent implications for citizen privacy.
Relation of occlusion to temporomandibular joint dysfunction: the periodontic viewpoint.

Alterations or abnormalities in the occlusal relationship can place undue stress on the periodontium and TMJ, thereby causing dysfunction. The periodontal ramifications of TMJ derangement must be considered in an effective treatment plan.
Efficient data collection from wireless nodes under the two-ring communication model

We introduce a new geometric robot-routing problem which arises in data-muling applications where a mobile robot is charged with collecting data from stationary sensors. The objective is to compute the robot's trajectory and download sequence so as to minimize the time to collect data from all of the sensors. The total data collection time has two components:the robot's travel time and the download time. The time to download data from a sensor s is a function of the location of the robot and s: if the robot is a distance rin away from s, it can download the sensor's data in Tin units of time. If the distance is greater than rin but less than rout, the download time is Tout > Tin. Otherwise, the robot can not download the data from s. Here, rin, rout, Tin and Tout are input parameters. We refer to this model, which is based on recently developed experimental models for sensor network deployments, as the two-ring model, and the problem of downloading data from a given set of sensors in minimum amount of time under this model as the two-ring tour (TRT) problem. We present approximation algorithms for the general case which uses solutions to the traveling salesperson with neighborhoods (TSPN) Problem as subroutines. We also present effcient solutions to special, but practically important versions of the problem such as grid-based and sparse deployments. The approach is validated in outdoor experiments.
The Effect of Stereotype Threat on the Solving of Quantitative GRE Problems: A Mere Effort Interpretation

The mere effort account argues that stereotype threat motivates participants to want to perform well, which potentiates prepotent responses. If the prepotent response is correct, performance is facilitated. If incorrect and participants do not know, or lack the knowledge or time required for correction, performance is debilitated. The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) quantitative test is made up of two problem types: (a) solve problems, which require the solution of an equation, and (b) comparison problems, which require the use of logic and estimation. Previous research shows that the prepotent tendency is to attempt to solve the equations. Consistent with mere effort predictions, Experiment 1 demonstrates that threatened participants perform better than controls on solve problems (prepotent response correct) but worse than controls on comparison problems (prepotent response incorrect). Experiment 2 shows that a simple instruction as to the correct solution approach eliminates the performance deficit o...
The Role of Faith in Christian Faith-Based Humanitarian Agencies: Constructing the Taxonomy

This article sets out to establish a taxonomy of Christian faith-based humanitarian agencies, challenging assumptions that such agencies are similarly informed by Christian theology and pursue a uniform mission. Christian principles and missionary efforts are central in the development of humanitarianism, and the agencies associated with the Christian tradition comprise a prominent and growing portion of international humanitarian agencies. Little, however, is known about how Christian faith-based agencies diverge from one another in their orientation and operations, how their theological tradition shapes their humanitarianism, and whether or how they are distinct from secular agencies. Examining the humanitarianism of Christian faith-based agencies in light of their theological roots, this article delineates three classifications of Christian faith-based agencies: Accommodative–Humanitarian, Synthesis–Humanitarian, and Evangelistic–Humanitarian agencies. The study demonstrates the importance of distinguishing not simply between faith-based and secular agencies, but among faith-based agencies themselves.
Police and Military in Ulster: Peacekeeping or Peace-subverting Forces?

While police and military typically are dealt with separately, even by separate specialists, in actual practice the role of the police is shaped by the role of the military. The reverse is also true: the role of the military is shaped by that assigned to the police. This is most clearly apparent in situations of domestic disorder. But it is not enough to trace the relations between the police and the military themselves. One must examine the anxieties and strategies of the central state elites, for their policies will determine what formula of police-military division of labor will be used to enhance state security. The history of Ireland and, more recently, of Ulster sheds light on this more general phenomenon. The very origins of the police in the United Kingdom can be found in the central government's desire to relieve the army of the burden (and risk) of internal orderkeeping. But the police models created for Britain and Ireland were quite different. The Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC), the predecessor of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, was designed to be a paramilitary force; that is, it was a police force intended to maintain the political order, not simply to protect citizen security. Since 1962, the division of labor between police and military once again has been reversed. The central state security planners were compelled to bring in the military when the RUC no longer could maintain that political order, due not only to escalating communal conflict, but also to weaknesses inherent in the RUC, especially its overwhelmingly Protestant composition. Today, however, London is trying to restore the security division of labor that it deems optimal. A key to that restoration is 'primacy of the police'. Whether citizen security will be thus enhanced, or merely state security bolstered by such a policy, is problematic at best.
Remote sensing of native and invasive species in Hawaiian forests

Abstract Detection and mapping of invasive species is an important component of conservation and management efforts in Hawai'i, but the spectral separability of native, introduced, and invasive species has not been established. We used high spatial resolution airborne imaging spectroscopy to analyze the canopy hyperspectral reflectance properties of 37 distinct species or phenotypes, 7 common native and 24 introduced tree species, the latter group containing 12 highly invasive species. Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) reflectance and derivative-reflectance signatures of Hawaiian native trees were generically unique from those of introduced trees. Nitrogen-fixing trees were also spectrally unique from other groups of non-fixing trees. There were subtle but significant differences in the spectral properties of highly invasive tree species in comparison to introduced species that do not proliferate across Hawaiian ecosystems. The observed differences in canopy spectral signatures were linked to relative differences in measured leaf pigment (chlorophyll, carotenoids), nutrient (N, P), and structural (specific leaf area; SLA) properties, as well as to canopy leaf area index. These leaf and canopy properties contributed variably to the spectral separability of the trees, with wavelength-specific reflectance and absorption features that overlapped, but which were unique from one another. A combination of canopy reflectance from 1125–2500 nm associated with leaf and canopy water content, along with pigment-related absorption features (reflectance derivatives) in the 400–700 nm range, was best for delineating native, introduced, and invasive species. There was no single spectral region that always defined the separability of the species groups, and thus the full-range (400–2500 nm) spectrum was highly advantageous in differentiating these groups. These results provide a basis for more detailed studies of invasive species in Hawai'i, along with more explicit treatment of the biochemical properties of the canopies and their prediction using imaging spectroscopy.
Conditional survival in ovarian cancer: Results from the SEER dataset 1988–2001

Abstract Objectives Survival statistics for patients with ovarian cancer are typically reported in terms of survival from time of diagnosis. For patients who have survived a period of time since diagnosis, however, conditional survival (CS) is a more clinically relevant measure, as it accounts for the changes in risk over time. The purpose of this study was to estimate CS for ovarian cancer patients through analysis of large-scale cancer registry data. Methods Ovarian cancer cases were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER 17) database from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) for patients diagnosed between 1988–2001. Five-year relative CS calculations were performed with stratification by age, race, stage, histology, and grade for patients who had already survived up to 5 years from diagnosis. Results The 5-year overall relative CS improved over time for up to 5 years after diagnosis for ovarian cancer patients. The largest gains in CS over time were seen for patients with advanced stage disease, poor grade, and serous and undifferentiated epithelioid histologies. For patients with stage IV disease, 5-year CS more than tripled over the first 5 years of surveillance (17%–56%). Among histological types, patients with undifferentiated epithelioid histology saw 5-year CS rise from 29% at diagnosis to 84% after 5 years. Conclusions Prognosis improves over time for almost all groups of ovarian cancer patients. For ovarian cancer survivors, CS provides a more relevant measure of prognosis than conventional survival estimates that are made at the time of diagnosis.
Propagation along Moving Dielectric Wave Guides

The problem of the propagation of modes along a moving dielectric interface is considered. Two types of dielectric structures were considered in particular: a moving dielectric slab and a moving dielectric circular cylinder. The characteristic equations for modes along these two types of structures are derived and a detailed discussion concerning these characteristic equations is also given. As a specific example, numerical results for the guide wavelength of the dominant TE wave along a moving dielectric slab as a function of frequency for various values of υz/c, where υz is the velocity of the moving dielectric material and c is the velocity of light in vacuum, were presented. It is found that if υz/c>(∊1/∊0)−12, the moving dielectric structure can support a forward wave as well as a backward wave and there also exists a high-frequency cutoff for the dominant mode under consideration.
Conversational codeswitching among Korean-English bilingual children

Using the sequential analysis developed by Auer(1984,1995), this paper attempts to show how young Korean-English bilingual schoolchildren employ codeswitching to organize their conversation. Auer's distinction between participant-related and discourse-related codeswitching proved to be useful in revealing that the children employ codeswitching to negotiate the language for the interaction and accommodate other participants' language competences and preferences, as well as to organize conversational tasks such as turn-taking, preference marking, repair and bracketing of side-sequences. Contrary to the assumption that codeswitching is evidence of linguistic deficit in bilingual speakers, the sequential analysis suggests that codeswitching is used as an additional resource to achieve particular conversational goals in interactions with other bilingual speakers.
Primary angiosarcoma of the spleen.

Background and Objectives Primary splenic angiosarcoma is a very rare and aggressive neoplasm with a high metastatic rate and dismal prognosis. Since only a few cases have been adequately reported in the medical literature, we report here a further six cases. Methods The records of all cases of primary splenic angiosarcoma treated at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from April 1991 to July 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Of the six cases identified (three men and three women; range, 7–69 years; median, 44 years), four presented with palpable abdominal masses or left upper quadrant abdominal pain. Other systemic symptoms, such as bleeding gums, fatigue, fever, body weight loss, and gastrointestinal bleeding were noted. An abnormal hematogram was found in five patients, with all of these five showing anemia, and three thrombocytopenia. Splenomegaly was present in all patients. Hemoperitoneum due to splenic rupture was noted in one patient. Three patients had distant metastasis to the liver (n = 2), bone (n = 1), bone marrow (n = 1), and small bowel (n = 1) at diagnosis. Liver (n = 3), bone (n = 1), and bone marrow (n = 1) metastases were found in four patients after initial therapy. Five of the six cases underwent a splenectomy, one underwent partial hepatectomy, and one received chemotherapy. The respective 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 60%, 40%, and 40%, and the median survival time was 36 months. One patient was disease-free 162 months after splenectomy. Conclusions The clinical presentations of splenic angiosarcoma were similar to those of previous reports apart from the higher rate of splenomegaly observed in this study. In contrast to reported pediatric cases, our patient achieved long-term disease-free survival after splenectomy alone. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;92:312–316. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effect of Heating Temperature and Muscle Type on Porcine Muscle Extracts as Determined by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Samples from porcine longissimus muscles were heated to temperatures ranging from 40–80°C to reach endpoint temperatures (0 min) or held at endpoint temperature for 30 min. Proteins in water-soluble extracts of these samples were separated and quantified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). After heating to 60°C for 0 min or to 55°C and holding for 30 min, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate kinase (PK) and myoglobin appeared to comprise the bulk of the remaining soluble protein. RP-HPLC analysis of water soluble extracts from longissimus dorsi, serratus ventralis and psoas major muscles from barrows and sows indicated differences in proportions of LDH and myoglobin.
Applying an information gathering architecture to Netfind: a white pages tool for a changing and growing Internet

The Internet is quickly becoming an indispensable means of communication and collaboration, based on applications such as electronic mail, remote information retrieval, and multimedia conferencing. A fundamental problem for such applications is supporting resource discovery in a fashion that keeps pace with the Internet's exponential growth in size and diversity. Netfind is a scalable tool that locates current electronic mail addresses and other information about Internet users. Since the time we first deployed Netfind in 1990, it has evolved considerably, making use of more types of information sources. As well as more sophisticated mechanisms to gather and cross-correlate information. In this paper, we describe these techniques, and present a general framework for gathering and harnessing widely distributed information in a diverse and growing Internet environment. At present, Netfind gathers information from 17 different types of sources, providing a particularly thorough demonstration of an information gathering architecture. >
Relationship of Extraluminal Tubular Deposition of Ferrocyanide to Peritubular Perfusion Rate in Cortical and Medullary Nephron Segments of the Rat Kidney

Ferrocyanide can be precipitated in the kidney and retained in microdissected tubules. By means of 14 C-ferrocyanide it is possible to measure nephron glomerular filtration rate, but radioactivity is also detected in tubular segments beyond the reach of filtered ferrocyanide. The present study evaluated this radioactivity with the assumptions that it derives from peritubular capillary and vasa recta blood and that it may be proportional to the perfusion rate to single tubular segments. The findings rule out axial streaming of filtrate and transtubular diffusion of filtered ferrocyanide as factors and therefore point to an extraluminal deposition of ferrocyanide diffusing out of peritubular capillary and vasa recta blood. It was also found that the extraluminal tubular radioactivity is not affected by processing of the tissue, that it decreases from cortex to outer medulla to inner medulla, and that distal convoluted tubules have a greater radioactivity per unit length than the thick ascending limbs at the same level. A comparison with data obtained by others using a method to estimate intrarenal blood flow distribution lends support to the assumption that extraluminal tubular radioactivity is proportional to the capillary perfusion rate to single tubular segments.
E-government: breaking the frontiers of inefficiencies in the public sector

E-government is becoming the preferred tool to enhance seamless government services among its customers and government agencies. It is becoming the next wave of technology applications in the public sector as e-business or e-commerce in the private sector is maturing. This paper uses the 2002 survey of the International City or County Management Association (ICMA) and analyses various issues confronting county and municipality governments in their quest to enable their business processes to become efficient, accurate and ultimately satisfy their clients. However, progress among the survey respondents is mixed. Localities with more resources had more success in e-government implementation, resulting in more government efficiency, as compared to jurisdictions located in rural and large inner cities that lack adequate funding and the technical wherewithal.
Multivalued dependencies and a new normal form for relational databases

A new type of dependency, which includes the well-known functional dependencies as a special case, is defined for relational databases. By using this concept, a new (“fourth”) normal form for relation schemata is defined. This fourth normal form is strictly stronger than Codd's “improved third normal form” (or “Boyce-Codd normal form”). It is shown that every relation schema can be decomposed into a family of relation schemata in fourth normal form without loss of information (that is, the original relation can be obtained from the new relations by taking joins).
Myometrial tumor necrosis factor alpha: cellular localization and regulation by estradiol and progesterone in the mouse.

The expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) protein in mouse myometrial cells on each day of the estrous cycle and after ovariectomy, with and without replacement of estradiol (E 2 ), progesterone (P 4 ), or E 2 +P 4 , was investigated. TNF protein was assessed by immunocytochemistry. In addition, the numbers of mast cells and the numbers of TNF-containing mast cells were determined under each condition. The total number of mast cells fluctuated during the estrous cycle; and at each stage, essentially 100% of the mast cells exhibited TNF immunoreactivity. In contrast, after ovariectomy and after ovariectomy with E 2 replacement, only ∼50% of the mast cells contained immunoreactive TNF. P 4 treatment resulted in further decline in mast cell TNF whereby after 24 h of P 4 , only 3% of the mast cells were TNF-positive and by 72 h of treatment, no TNF-positive mast cells could be detected. E 2 and P 4 in combination increased the total number of mast cells, and in a pattern reminiscent of normal cycling myometrium, over 90% of the mast cells exhibited TNF immunoreactivity after 24 h of treatment. TNF protein was detectable in muscle cells throughout the estrous cycle, with weak immunostaining observed on proestrus and more intense immunostaining on estrus, diestrus-I, and diestrus-II. After ovariectomy, only light immunostaining was observed in the muscle cells. Immunoreactive TNF was detected in muscle cells after each type of steroid treatment. E 2 and E 2 +P 4 treatments resulted in a biphasic pattern of immunoreactive TNF expression. Immunostaining intensity was increased at 6 h after treatment, decreased after 24 h, and increased again after 72 h. In contrast, the greatest intensity of TNF immunostaining was observed 1 h after P 4 administration and the staining intensity decreased thereafter. These studies reveal 1) the cellular localization of TNF protein in the mouse myometrium, 2) the identification of the mast cell as a major source of uterine TNF, and 2) regulation of myometrial TNF by E 2 and P 4
Risk of Stroke Following Trauma or Infection

Hills NK, Johnston SC, Sidney S, et al. Recent trauma and acute infection as risk factors for childhood arterial ischemic stroke. Ann Neurol. 2012; 72 (12): 850– 858; doi: 10.1002/ana.23688[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3] Investigators at multiple institutions performed a case-control study in order to determine whether recent exposure to trauma or infection were risk factors for the development of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). The study population included 2.5 million children aged <20 years who were members of Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program (KPMCP) in Northern California from 1993 to 2007. Cases of AIS were identified from electronic records and confirmed by chart review by 2 neurologists using pre-established clinical and radiologic criteria. Cases were matched to 3 randomly selected controls by age, year of enrollment into KPMCP, and primary care facility. Exposure to trauma (defined as any medical encounter for head or neck … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAnn%2BNeurol%26rft.volume%253D72%26rft.spage%253D850%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1002%252Fana.23688%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F23280836%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1002/ana.23688&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=23280836&link_type=MED&atom=%2Faapgrand%2F29%2F4%2F39.atom
SP Transcription Factor Paralogs and DNA-Binding Sites Coevolve and Adaptively Converge in Mammals and Birds

Functional modification of regulatory proteins can affect hundreds of genes throughout the genome, and is therefore thought to be almost universally deleterious. This belief, however, has recently been challenged. A potential example comes from transcription factor SP1, for which statistical evidence indicates that motif preferences were altered in eutherian mammals. Here, we set out to discover possible structural and theoretical explanations, evaluate the role of selection in SP1 evolution, and discover effects on coregulatory proteins. We show that SP1 motif preferences were convergently altered in birds as well as mammals, inducing coevolutionary changes in over 800 regulatory regions. Structural and phylogenic evidence implicates a single causative amino acid replacement at the same SP1 position along both lineages. Furthermore, paralogs SP3 and SP4, which coregulate SP1 target genes through competitive binding to the same sites, have accumulated convergent replacements at the homologous position multiple times during eutherian and bird evolution, presumably to preserve competitive binding. To determine plausibility, we developed and implemented a simple model of transcription factor and binding site coevolution. This model predicts that, in contrast to prevailing beliefs, even small selective benefits per locus can drive concurrent fixation of transcription factor and binding site mutants under a broad range of conditions. Novel binding sites tend to arise de novo, rather than by mutation from ancestral sites, a prediction substantiated by SP1-binding site alignments. Thus, multiple lines of evidence indicate that selection has driven convergent evolution of transcription factors along with their binding sites and coregulatory proteins.
Distributed analog coding of correlated Gaussian sources

We study the performance of distributed analog linear coding of multiple correlated multivariate Gaussian sources over the multiple access channel. Assuming the correlation structure is known both at the encoder and the decoder, optimal linear encoding and decoding is introduced. A general performance analysis is presented for both random and optimal linear encoders and compared to a lower bound on the achievable theoretical limit.
A Delayed Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia Presenting With a Bowel Obstruction 20 Years Postinjury

A delayed Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia is a rare diagnosis. A 38 years old male presented to our emergency department with an acute bowel obstruction. He had a prior trauma laparotomy twenty year’s prior, which was reportedly negative. He required preoperative resuscitation for his severe hypokalaemic, hypochloraemic metabolic alkalosis, and acute renal failure. He underwent operative reduction of the incarcerated contents, and a primary permanent suture repair of the defect. The principles of the diagnosis of the delayed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia, and the operative repair of this entity have been reviewed.
Sign reversal of the hall effect in rhodium

Abstract Measurements of the Hall effect in rhodium have been made at temperatures between 4.2°K and 300°K in fields up to 22 kilogauss. At room temperature the Hall voltage is linear in field, but at lower temperatures non-linearity becomes apparent at higher fields. At 20.4° and 4.2°K the Hall voltage has a maximum at about 8 kilogauss, decreasing with further increase of field and changing sign at about 18 kilogauss. The low-field Hall coefficient (which has the value + 5.02 × 10 −13 volt cm amp −1 gauss −1 at 300°K) varies only slightly with temperature, having a shallow minimum at about 60°K. The results can be fitted quite closely by expressions of the form given by theoretical models, and the significance of the values required for the parameters in these expressions is discussed in terms of reasonable models for the electronic structure of rhodium. The results of magneto-resistance measurements on the same specimen are not as conveniently described by theoretical expressions as are the Hall effect data.
Robot cartography: a topology-driven discretization for redundant manipulators

This paper addresses manipulator redundancy from a global perspective, aiming at the kinematic control through the exploration of self-motion topology. The methodology is based on collecting information about the structure of the kinematic map with the use of topological tools, providing an overall view of the configuration space and its relationship to the work space-a suitable framework for the efficient implementation of global approaches. A space discretization method has been developed to benefit from the topological structure, embedding kinematics in its representation. This method enables an efficient exploration of global redundancy resolution and path planning offering the means to avoid local minima and deadlock; with reduced effort. A planar 3-DOF manipulator with joint limits is used to illustrate the methodology and the implementation results are compared with standard techniques to demonstrate its advantages.
MNLS inverse discriminates between neuronal activity on opposite walls of a simulated sulcus of the brain

The minimum-norm least-squares (MNLS) inverse for magnetic field measurements is applied to a representation of a sulcus of the human brain, where one or both walls have regions of neuronal activity. Simulations indicate that the magnetic source image (MSI) is largely confined to the appropriate wall of the sulcus, even for a depth of 4 cm where the distance between walls is only 3 mm. Two nearly oppositely oriented dipoles located 3 mm apart are found to be distinguished. Influences on the quality of the MSI by measurement noise and inaccuracy in determining the image surface are discussed in detail. >
De las Representaciones Discursivas al Orden del Discurso: Una Perspectiva Discursiva de la Intervención del Trabajo Social

Esta reflexion sobre los fundamentos de la accion profesional representa un intento de describir una forma de entender la intervencion del Trabajo Social, definiendola desde una aproximacion de construccion social. Esta perspectiva se auxilia de una comprension dialectica para describir la relacion entre los procesos materiales y simbolicos, como tambien remite a la aproximacion arqueologica de Foucault y la pragmatica discursiva contemporanea en su version critica.
Adaptive system for processing of electrogastric signals

An adaptive system for the processing of electrogastric (EGG) signals that enhances the signals is proposed. The main disturbance, respiratory artifact, can be efficiently canceled and time variations of the gastric signal frequency can be monitored online. Results for four different positional EGG signals are presented and discussed. The algorithms used by the system are simple and easy to implement, and the system can be installed on a personal computer. >