cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION OF LOW WEIGHTED BOUNDED DEGREE PLANAR SPANNER

Given a set V of n points in a two-dimensional plane, we give an O(nlogn)-time centralized algorithm that constructs a planar t-spanner for V, for such that the degree of each node is bounded from above by , where 0<α<π/2 is an adjustable parameter. Here Cdel is the spanning ratio of the Delaunay triangulation, which is at most . We also show, by applying the greedy method in Ref. [14], how to construct a low weighted bounded degree planar spanner with spanning ratio ρ(α)2(1+∊) and the same degree bound, where ∊ is any positive real constant. Here, a structure is called low weighted if its total edge length is proportional to the total edge length of the Euclidean minimum spanning tree of V. Moreover, we show that our method can be extended to construct a planar bounded degree spanner for unit disk graphs with the adjustable parameter α satisfying 0<α<π/3. Previously, only centralized method6 of constructing bounded degree planar spanner is known, with degree bound 27 and spanning ratio t≃10.02. The distributed implementation of this centralized method takes O(n2) communications in the worst case. Our method can be converted to a localized algorithm where the total number of messages sent by all nodes is at most O(n).
From Models for the Nation to Model Citizens: Indigenismo and the ‘Revindication’ of the Mexican Indian, 1920–40

This article examines the creation of an Indian ideal within Indigenismo in the years 1920–40. While scholars argue that Indigenismo described a degenerate Indian ‘other’, this article shows that it often represented the Indian as a model for revolutionary politics and culture. This is evident first in Indigenista celebrations of Indian cultures during the 1920s, and in their valorisation of Indians as rational political actors with modern sensibilities during the 1930s. In validating this ‘modern’ Indian, Indigenistas created a limited framework for legitimate ‘Indian politics’ which took place within the national culture. However, they also labelled Indians who challenged revolutionary programs as ‘primitive’ and ‘pre-political’.
Wavelength and Temperature Dependence of the Femtosecond Pump−Probe Anisotropies in the Conjugated Polymer MEH-PPV: Implications for Energy-Transfer Dynamics

Energy transfer in the conjugated polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(2‘-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) is investigated using femtosecond degenerate pump−probe experiments at 298 and 4 K. The polarization anisotropy decays are of the form exp[−(t)1/2/Tpol], as predicted by theories of energy transfer in dilute chromophoric systems. At 4 K, these decays depend on the excitation wavelength, with Tpol = 26 fs-1/2 at the peak of the absorption (520 nm) and Tpol = 78 fs-1/2 at the low-energy side of the absorption (580 nm). This wavelength dependence becomes less pronounced at higher temperatures but is always present. We find that models for Forster energy transfer in dilute chromophore solutions cannot describe our data using a single energy-transfer rate calculated from the Forster overlap of the steady-state absorption and emission spectra. The Forster radius R0 obtained from fitting the experimental anisotropy decays does not agree with that obtained from the steady-state absorption and fluorescenc...
A Review of: “Cockerham, W. C. (2007). Social Causes of Health and Disease.”

Contemporary debates about the importance of quality health care inevitably can be traced to conflicting views about the role of social forces in creating and perpetuating health inequities. One si...
A thermal, mechanical, and electrical study of voiding in the solder die-attach of power MOSFETs

Large area die-attach defects have been shown to increase the thermal impedance of power semiconductor devices. The changes in thermal performance are simulated and measured in the silicon die using one-, two-, and three-dimensional methods. Experimental measurements for devices with various levels of die-attach void growth are presented. This data is then correlated with finite element thermal modeling to improve the estimate of peak die temperature for voided semiconductor devices. The results present a complete understanding of the heat flow within the voided semiconductor package with an estimate of its impact on performance over its lifetime.
A low cost alternative to reinforcing PTFE based printed circuit boards

Manufacture of microstrip circuit boards on PTFE based laminates carries with it several inherent fabrication problems that require careful management. Warpage of the substrate due to stress release after etching and typically poor X-Y dimensional stability are two of the more important issues that need to be dealt with. Traditionally, metal backers have been incorporated in microstrips to solve these issues, although the addition of thick metal backers increases machining costs and complicates plating operations. New solutions to these fabrication problems have recently shown promise in dealing with complex circuit interconnect issues as well. >
Sketching asynchronous streams over a sliding window

We study the problem of maintaining sketches of recent elements of a data stream. Motivated by applications involving network data, we consider streams that are asynchronous, in which the observed order of data is not the same as the time order in which the data was generated. The notion of recent elements of a stream is modeled by the sliding timestamp window, which is the set of elements with timestamps that are close to the current time. We design algorithms for maintaining sketches of all elements within the sliding timestamp window that can give provably accurate estimates of two basic aggregates, the sum and the median, of a stream of numbers. The space taken by the sketches, the time needed for querying the sketch, and the time for inserting new elements into the sketch are all polylog with respect to the maximum window size and the values of the data items in the window. Our sketches can be easily combined in a lossless and compact way, making them useful for distributed computations over data streams. Previous works on sketching recent elements of a data stream have all considered the more restrictive scenario of synchronous streams, where the observed order of data is the same as the time order in which the data was generated. Our notion of recency of elements is more general than that studied in previous work, and thus our sketches are more robust to network delays and asynchrony.
Nucleic Acid Enzyme Studies of Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Thin-Layer Chromatography

A rapid and easy to perform procedure for determining the nucleic acid enzyme reactions of intact bacterial cells was developed. Overnight organism growth on triple sugar agar was tested for nucleoside phosphotransferase, nucleosidase, and nucleotidase activity. Reaction products were detected by means of thin-layer chromatography and fluorescence. Characteristic patterns were seen with certain strains of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria, which indicated that these tests could aid in classification and identification of E0-1 group, Pseudomonas multivorans, P. cepacia, P. maltophilia, certain other Pseudomonas species, and Herellea vaginicola.
Stacking investigations of higher‐order mantle Rayleigh waves

We present the initial results of an ongoing study of higher-order mantle overtones of Rayleigh waves. The main problem is to separate overtone branches (3R,4R,5R), traveling with identical group velocities at similar frequencies. Global stacking is used, both for traveling waves and normal modes, with dispersion results in generally excellent agreement with both theoretical models and values published for a well-separated part of the 3R branch.
Measurement of the $\Upsilon$ Mass

We have detected the polarization of the positron beam in the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) with a polarimeter which detects back-scattered laser light. The beam was resonantly depolarized using a vertical shaker magnet with a rf field, thus measuring the $g\ensuremath{-}2$ frequency. This gave us a precise value for the beam energy in CESR. By scanning the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ resonance with the CUSB detector, we obtained a mass ${M}_{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}=9459.97\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$ MeV. We also give rescaled values for the excited $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}$ states.
Tricyclic antidepressant drugs: Attenuation of excitatory effects of d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on acoustic startle response

Abstract At a dose of 5 mg/kg, the tricyclic antidepressant drugs chlorimipramine (CIMI), desipramine (DMI), imipramine (IMI), and chlordesipramine (C-DMI) all blocked the excitatory effects of a low dose (30 μg/kg) of LSD on the acoustic startle response in the rat. Over a dose range from 1–5 mg/kg, CIMI and DMI were about equally potent in blocking the LSD effect, despite the fact that both drugs actually increased brain levels of LSD. In contrast, α-methyl-p-tyrosine did not block the effect of LSD on startle. By themselves, DMI, IMI and C-DMI increased startle amplitude 20–30% whereas CIMI alone had no effect on startle. The ability of CIMI and IMI to block the excitatory effect of LSD on startle is consistent with the hypothesis that prior cessation of raphe cell firing caused indirectly by these drugs with no resultant change in 5-HT availability should pre-empt the ability of LSD to increase startle by directly inhibiting raphe cell firing and decreasing 5-HT availability. The finding that the other tricyclics also block the effect of LSD is not explained by that hypothesis. Results are discussed in terms of the serotonin hypothesis of the action of hallucinogenic drugs on behavior.
Activation of pleiotropic drug resistance by the J-protein and Hsp70-related proteins, Zuo1 and Ssz1

Summary Ssz1 (Pdr13) and Zuo1, members of the Hsp70 and J-protein molecular chaperone families, respectively, form a heterodimer and function on the ribosome with the Hsp70, Ssb, presumably assisting folding of newly synthesized polypeptides. As it has also been reported that Ssz1 induces pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) when overexpressed, a possible role for Zuo1 in PDR was investigated. The C-terminal domain of Zuo1, which is dispensable for Zuo1's chaperone function on the ribosome, is both necessary and sufficient for PDR induction by Zuo1. A single domain of Ssz1, the N-terminal ATPase domain, is sufficient for PDR induction as well, indicating that Ssz1 does not function as a chaperone in PDR. No role for Ssb was found in PDR; overexpression did not affect PDR, nor was its presence required for Ssz1's or Zuo1's effect on PDR. As our results also indicate that Ssz1 and Zuo1 must be free of ribosomes to induce PDR, we propose that Ssz1's and Zuo1's function in PDR is distinct from their role as ribosome-associated co-chaperones and may be regulatory in nature.
Anterior approach bilateral sacrospinous ligament fixation for vaginal vault prolapse

The sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) was first described as a unilateral fixation; however, bilateral fixation, when possible, allows a symmetrical vaginal reconstruction and provides additional vaginal vault support. We evaluated the outcome of treating total vault prolapse using a bilateral SSLF through an anterior vaginal approach. From July 1996 to July 1999, 28 patients (mean age 67) underwent bilateral SSLF procedures through an anterior vaginal approach. All patients had either grade 3 or 4 vault prolapse, and all patients had associated enteroceles, cystoceles, and rectoceles. All patients underwent fluorourodynamic evaluation including an abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) with reduction of the vaginal prolapse. A pubovaginal sling was performed in 25 patients and all 28 patients underwent an anterior colporrhaphy, rectocele, and enterocele repair. A vaginal paravaginal repair was performed in 22 cases. At a mean follow-up of 17 months (range 5 to 35), 27 of 28 patients were cured, 1 patient had an asymptomatic unilateral grade 1 vault prolapse, 2 patients had developed small asymptomatic cystoceles and there had been no recurrence of rectoceles or enteroceles. Stress incontinence had been cured in all patients; however, 2 patients continued to have mild urge incontinence requiring <1 pad per day. Two patients complained of transient gluteal pain. We believe the anterior approach bilateral SSLF is a safe procedure with excellent medium term results in women with grade 3 to 4 vaginal prolapse.
Special volume on Data Mining

Data mining was first developed in the statistics and computer science communities. Its popularity and success rapidly grew, catching the attention of both academia and industry, including those in operations research. To address operations research related contributions to data mining, the Institute for Operations Research and Management Sciences (INFORMS) approved the founding of the Section on Data Mining in 2004. This is a highly interdisciplinary section, inviting participation from researchers and practitioners across the fields of statistics, computing, operations research, operations management, computer science, and information technology. To provide a forum bringing these groups together, the first INFORMS Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Data Mining, a collaboration between the INFORMS Data Mining and Artificial Intelligence subdivisions, was held at the 2006 INFORMS Annual conference. This special volume of the Annals of Operations Research evolved out of this Workshop, and 10 of the 14 papers contain research originally presented at the Workshop. The papers in this special volume offer a perspective into the potential for operations research methods to impact the field of data mining and vice-versa. New methods for both supervised and unsupervised learning are presented, with a variety of applications. Three papers are strongly linked to complex biomedical problems, three papers are motivated by business applications, and two papers study issues related to manufacturing. Five papers address unsupervised learning problems, two for pre-processing complex data structures, two applied to business applications, and one applicable to multivariate statistical process control. Wang and Zhu develop a principal component analysis based method for cleaning noise from image data. Kim, Wang, and Hiremath present a Bayesian approach for aligning spectra from high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance. Kumar and Patel extend Fisher’s classical clustering method and then employ their method to forecast retail sales. Au, Duan, Hesar, and Jiang propose a LASSO-based framework to highlight irregularities in time series data and apply it to activity monitoring. Finally, Hu and Runger convert
Dissipation and turbulent heating of plasma in Jupiter’s magnetosphere

Voyager 1 observations of plasma waves in the dayside Jovian magnetosphere which show a correlation with measurements of localized concentrations of cool thermal plasma are presented. This moderately intense broadband electrostatic noise is shown to be of sufficient intensity to accelerate superthermal ions to energies approximately 1 keV and higher. This process can account for the extensive heating of plasma in the magnetosphere and can energize a fraction of heavy ions to injection threshold for a high-energy second stage acceleration mechanism. A brief discussion of the relation of this noise to Jovian magnetospheric dynamics is included.
Separating the word and the way: Suyama Nantō’s Chūgi Suikodenkai and Edo-period vernacular philology

This study examines Edo-period interest in the Chinese vernacular novel Suikoden (Ch. Shuihu zhuan ). In 1757, Suyama Nantō, a classical scholar from Tosa, published Chūgi Suikodenkai , an annotated guide to the vocabulary of the novel. Although Nantō’s guide can be connected to a larger discourse on linguistic change established by the classical scholar Ogyū Sorai and his Chinese instructor, Okajima Kanzan, the text ultimately rejects their understanding of Sino-Japanese cultural relations in favor of a paradigm rooted in the collection of discrete information about contemporary Chinese material culture that downplayed the ethical and political applications of such information.
POLIOVIRUS INFECTION ENHANCES THE FORMATION OF TWO RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN COMPLEXES AT THE 3' END OF VIRAL NEGATIVE-STRAND RNA

To identify proteins involved in the formation of replication complexes at the 3' end of poliovirus negative-strand RNA, a combined in vitro biochemical and in vivo genetic approach was used. Five subgenomic cDNA constructs were generated to transcribe different negative-strand RNA fragments. In UV cross-linking assays, distinct differences in binding of proteins in extracts from poliovirus-infected and uninfected cells to virus-specific, radiolabeled transcripts were observed. Two proteins present in extracts from poliovirus-infected cells with approximate molecular masses of 36 and 38 kDa were shown to cross-link to the 3' end of poliovirus negative-strand RNA. Appearance of the 36- and 38-kDa proteins in UV cross-linking assays can be detected 3 to 3.5 h after infection, and cross-linking reaches maximum levels by 5 h after infection. The binding site for the 36-kDa protein overlaps with the computer-predicted loop b region of stem-loop I, the so-called cloverleaf structure, and the RNA sequence of this region is required for efficient binding. Transfection of full-length, positive-sense RNA containing a five-nucleotide substitution (positions 20 to 25) in the loop b region of stem-loop I into tissue culture cells yielded only viral isolates with a reversion at position 24 (U-->C). This finding demonstrates that the wild-type cytidine residue at position 24 is essential for virus replication. RNA binding studies with transcripts corresponding to the 3' end of negative-strand RNA suggest that complex formation with the 36-kDa protein plays an essential role during the viral life cycle.
Motor recovery patterns in arm muscles: coupled bilateral training and neuromuscular stimulation

Neuromuscular stimulation coupled with bilateral movements facilitates functional motor recovery of the upper extremities post stroke. This study investigated electromyography activation patterns during training. The leading question asked: Do EMG activation patterns show rehabilitative effects of coupled bilateral movement training on wrist and fingers extension, elbow extension, and shoulder abduction? Twelve stroke volunteers completed nine hours of coupled bilateral movement training on three sets of joints in their arms. Neuromuscular stimulation on the impaired limb assisted wrist and fingers extension, elbow extension, and shoulder abduction. Mean activation level data were analyzed in a three-way completely within-subjects ANOVA (Training Day × Movement Type × Trial Block: 3 × 3 × 3). The analysis revealed three important findings: (a) activation levels in Days 5 and 6 were significantly higher than Days 1 and 2, (b) muscle activation patterns increased across trial blocks, and (c) movements for the shoulder joint/girdle as well as wrist and fingers demonstrated higher activation than the elbow joint. Further analysis indicated that the muscle activation patterns for shoulder abduction were positively associated with force stabilization (ratio of good variability relative to bad variability) during bilateral force production. The findings indicate that capability to increase muscle activity during the three joint movements was improved after training. There appears to be higher muscle activation in the primary proximal and distal muscles necessary for motor control improvement.
Treatment of Aural Foreign Bodies in Children

Objective. To determine the proper treatment of children and adolescents with foreign bodies of the external auditory canal (EAC). Design. Retrospective case series. Setting. Specialty care referral hospital. Patients. All patients younger than 18 years of age who presented in the emergency ward or office setting with a foreign body of the EAC during a 5-year period. Results. One hundred ninety-one patients with aural foreign bodies were identified. Age at presentation ranged from 10 months to 17 years with 141 patients (74%) younger than 8 years old. Twenty-seven different objects were encountered with pebbles, beads, insects, and plastic toys the most common. Fifty-seven (30%) of the patients required surgical removal of the aural foreign body under general anesthesia. Conclusion. Adequate immobilization and proper instrumentation allow the uncomplicated removal of many EAC foreign bodies in the pediatric population. The use of general anesthesia is preferred in very young children and in children of any age with aural foreign bodies whose contour, composition, or location predispose to traumatic removal in the ambulatory setting. Criteria for otolaryngologic referral and consideration of operative microscopic removal are outlined.
Amniotic Fluid Alpha Fetoprotein (AFAFP) and Maternal Serum Alpha Fetoprotein (MSAFP) in Abdominal Pregnancies: Correlation With Extent and Site of Placental Implantation and Clinical Implications

The hypotheses are evaluated that in abdominal pregnancies 1) elevated MSAFP is due to an altered maternal-placental interface, and 2) differences in MSAFP levels may reflect placental location within the peritoneal cavity. A review of 1,193 ectopic pregnancies from 1983-1993 identified three cases of advanced abdominal pregnancy. All three had undergone second trimester genetic amniocentesis for amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein (AFAFP) and karyotype. The clinical course was reviewed (including presentation and surgical findings). MSAFP was elevated in two of the three cases (3.63 and 4.88 MoM). AFAFP and fetal karyotype were normal in all three cases. Elevated MSAFP values were associated with more extensive visceral implantation, longer surgical operative time, greater blood loss and transfusion requirements. Abdominal pregnancies with elevated MSAFP appear to have more extensive placental involvement of the abdominal viscera; this would, in fact, account for the elevated MSAFP values given the normal AFAFP.
Spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal in a coral-reef fish metapopulation: evidence of variable reproductive success

Many marine organisms can be transported hundreds of kilometres during their pelagic larval stage, yet little is known about spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal. Although traditional population-genetic tools can be applied to infer movement of larvae on an evolutionary timescale, large effective population sizes and high rates of gene flow present serious challenges to documenting dispersal patterns over shorter, ecologically relevant, timescales. Here, we address these challenges by combining direct parentage analysis and indirect genetic analyses over a 4-year period to document spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal in a common coral-reef fish: the bicolour damselfish (Stegastes partitus). At four island locations surrounding Exuma Sound, Bahamas, including a long-established marine reserve, we collected 3278 individuals and genotyped them at 10 microsatellite loci. Using Bayesian parentage analysis, we identified eight parent-offspring pairs, thereby directly documenting dispersal distances ranging from 0 km (i.e., self-recruitment) to 129 km (i.e., larval connectivity). Despite documenting substantial dispersal and gene flow between islands, we observed more self-recruitment events than expected if the larvae were drawn from a common, well-mixed pool (i.e., a completely open population). Additionally, we detected both spatial and temporal variation in signatures of sweepstakes and Wahlund effects. The high variance in reproductive success (i.e., ‘sweepstakes’) we observed may be influenced by seasonal mesoscale gyres present in the Exuma Sound, which play a prominent role in shaping local oceanographic patterns. This study documents the complex nature of larval dispersal in a coral-reef fish, and highlights the importance of sampling multiple cohorts and coupling both direct and indirect genetic methods in order disentangle patterns of dispersal, gene flow and variable reproductive success.
Assessing the drivers of regional trends in solar photovoltaic manufacturing

The photovoltaic (PV) industry has grown rapidly as a source of energy and economic activity. Since 2008, the average manufacturer-sale price of PV modules has declined by over a factor of two, coinciding with a significant increase in the scale of manufacturing in China. Using a bottom-up model for wafer-based silicon PV, we examine both historical and future factory-location decisions from the perspective of a multinational corporation. Our model calculates the cost of PV manufacturing with process step resolution, while considering the impact of corporate financing and operations with a calculation of the minimum selling price that provides an adequate rate of return. We quantify the conditions of China's historical PV price advantage, examine if these conditions can be reproduced elsewhere, and evaluate the role of innovative technology in altering regional competitive advantage. We find that the historical price advantage of a China-based factory relative to a U.S.-based factory is not driven by country-specific advantages, but instead by scale and supply-chain development. Looking forward, we calculate that technology innovations may result in effectively equivalent minimum sustainable manufacturing prices for the two locations. In this long-run scenario, the relative share of module shipping costs, as well as other factors, may promote regionalization of module-manufacturing operations to cost-effectively address local market demand. Our findings highlight the role of innovation, importance of manufacturing scale, and opportunity for global collaboration to increase the installed capacity of PV worldwide.
Mapping Approaches to News Literacy Curriculum Development: A Navigation Aid

For the current round of Why News Matters grantees, the McCormick Foundation has funded a diverse set of programs and organizations from varying backgrounds to develop innovative news literacy curricula. Building upon insights from earlier conversations among the grantees and discussion at a recent workshop on this topic, the present brief seeks to provide a concise map of the space of news literacy, point out how to understand existing curricula, identify potentially relevant resources, and ultimately, serve as a practical 'navigation aid' for designing a curriculum. The basic questions that go into designing a curriculum will be quite mundane: who is this for? What should they learn? Why should they learn it? How should we accomplish this? But the answers to these questions can be anything but mundane. This brief attempts to be a guide around the what and how questions, as these are the places where grantees will be making the key choices when designing curricula.We begin by briefly covering learning theory as a background for what kind of teaching is possible. Then, we talk about formats for learning news literacy, and lastly we talk about the possible content of news literacy curriculum. Throughout, we give examples of McCormick grantees and others (many of which appear multiple times for the different categories under which they fall) as a way to make these classifications concrete so that grantees starting off in curriculum design have a sense of the resources that exist within the formats and type of content they are interested in exploring. Two caveats are important: First, we have aimed to incorporate helpful feedback from the grantees on a draft version of this document. However, as this is a contribution by the Youth and Media Team at the Berkman Center, we acknowledge that not all grantees might agree on every point made in this document. In fact, our hope is that the brief will invite and inform discussions about the ways in which we can think about news literacy and curriculum development. Second, and more fundamentally, there is some disagreement whether the broad interpretation of news literacy with its different approaches as presented in this document is helpful or not; again, we invite (and are happy to engage in) a debate about this conceptual question.
Limited capacity for glucose oxidation in fetal sheep with intrauterine growth restriction

Intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetal sheep, produced by placental insufficiency, have lower oxygen concentrations, higher lactate concentrations, and increased hepatic glucose production that is resistant to suppression by insulin. We hypothesized that increased lactate production in the IUGR fetus results from reduced glucose oxidation, during basal and maximal insulin-stimulated conditions, and is used to support glucose production. To test this, studies were performed in late-gestation control (CON) and IUGR fetal sheep under basal and hyperinsulinemic-clamp conditions. The basal glucose oxidation rate was similar and increased by 30–40% during insulin clamp in CON and IUGR fetuses (P < 0.005). However, the fraction of glucose oxidized was 15% lower in IUGR fetuses during basal and insulin-clamp periods (P = 0.05). IUGR fetuses also had four-fold higher lactate concentrations (P < 0.001) and lower lactate uptake rates (P < 0.05). In IUGR fetal muscle and liver, mRNA expression of pyruvate dehydr...
Time-Lapse Gravity for Reservoir Monitoring: Feasibility and Potential Applications

We demonstrate a robust workflow for time-lapse gravity modeling in reservoir sequestration/production monitoring applications. This systematic approach outlines a reliable methodology to understanding the value and limitations of 4D gravity at a particular site, for both pre-acquisition decision making, and as a guide for post-data acquisition interpretation. To demonstrate, we present a multi-faceted feasibility study for monitoring CO2 injection into a reservoir at various injection times using 4D micro-gravity method. The simulations are performed for a currently active CO2-EOR site, the Louisiana Delhi Field in the United State. We construct an accurate representation of the field directly from current seismic data, followed by application of binary inversion technology adapted to the time-lapse gravity problem and tailored to the specific site. Finally, we illustrate a method of resolution analysis to demonstrate the decreased recoverability of fluid movement at the site in the presence of varying data noise.
Effect of Wave Types on Ultrasonic Texture Identification

The use of ultrasonic techniques to measure the material anisotropy of rolled metal sheets has been demonstrated in many studies. Electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) and laser ultrasonic (LU) methods have been favored since both are noncontact in nature and therefore potential candidates for in-situ process monitoring and control in rolling mills. Both techniques have the ability of generating various ultrasonic wave types. EMAT systems are usually based on the excitation of Lamb or SH (horizontally polarized shear) waves and are typically designed to generate narrow band waves with known wave types. LU, on the other hand, is characterized by the simultaneous generation of multiple wave types and modes, the specifics of which are dependent upon the properties of the generation laser pulse(s) (duration, temporal and spatial shape, power) and the boundary conditions of the specimen. In general wave propagation velocities are measured and then used to calculate the texture coefficients W400, W420 and W440 [1, 2].
Ethnicity and incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in the capital of Macedonia.

BACKGROUND Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common and preventable cause of intellectual disability for which early diagnosis is difficult without newborn screening. Genetic and environmental factors, race, ethnicity, sex, and pregnancy outcomes were noted as risk factors. In the study we aimed to determine the incidence of CH among different ethnic groups in the capital of Macedoina - a multiethnic city. METHODS A 14-year retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 121,507 newborns in the capital of Macedonia, Skopje, screened for whole-blood thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), in dry blood spots collected 48-72 h after birth, during the period 2002-2015. A TSH value of 15 mIU/L was used as cutoff point until 2010 and 10 mIU/L thereafter. RESULTS Primary CH was detected in 46 newborns (female to male ratio 1.3) with overall incidence of 3.8/10,000 (1/2641). The incidence of primary CH was significantly increased after lowering the TSH cutoff value (p=0.038), primarily due to detected neonates with transient CH for this period. Ethnic differences in the incidence of primary CH were detected. CH incidence among Roma neonates (6.7/10,000) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the incidence detected in Macedonians (3.9/10,000) or Albanians (3.7/10,000). CONCLUSIONS Increased incidence of CH in Roma newborns was detected as compared to other ethnicities in the capital of Macedonia. Further analysis of factors in direct interrelationship with the increased CH incidence in Roma newborns, as well as elucidation of impact of the CH incidence in this ethnicity on the overall incidence in Skopje, is warranted.
“Nobody puts baby in a binder”: Using memes to teach visual reason

Courses: Visual Rhetoric, Political Communication, Media and Society, ArgumentationObjective: Students trace a social hierarchy created through the visual reason of memes.
Polyethylene dissociation from humeral stem status after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is an important treatment option for 4-part proximal humerus fractures in the elderly and arthrosis of the glenohumeral joint with incompetence of the rotator cuff. Unique complications do occur with use of this type of prosthesis. Methods We present 4 cases of polyethylene dissociation after RSA. Results In a series of 549 patients who underwent RSA, the incidence of polyethylene dissociation was found to be 0.7%. Conclusions Polyethylene dissociation is a rare complication after RSA. Surgeons should be aware of this possibility if a closed reduction of an RSA dislocation is not possible.
Forecasting production of liquid rich shale (LRS) reservoirs using simple models

Abstract Due to the advent of shale reservoirs as important sources of oil and gas production, there has been a critical need for reliable techniques for forecasting production and estimating reserves from these plays. This work presents the results of a study to determine whether simple decline models can be used to forecast production and estimate reserves of both oil and gas in liquid rich shale (LRS) reservoirs with reasonable accuracy. We found that hybrid models (i.e., one model such as the Duong model for transient flow coupled with a different model, such as the Arps hyperbolic model with an appropriate value of the parameter “b”) are appropriate for forecasting oil production and that it is possible to forecast solution gas production with availability of adequate data. To establish the “truth case” for comparison, we simulated production with four different reservoir fluids using a commercial compositional reservoir simulator. We tested a variety of hybrid and simple DCA models on simulated data (and later on field data) with a work flow that included identifying flow regimes with diagnostic plots for each fluid sample. We analyzed 0.5–3 years of production history to estimate model parameters for forecasting future production. Also, we forecasted gas production using a technique similar to one recently presented in the literature. Lengthy transition periods between transient linear flow and boundary dominated flow (BDF) were observed on the diagnostic plots. This is presumably due to multi-phase flow effects, as this transition period is typically much shorter in single-phase shale reservoirs. As in single-phase flow, the Arps decline model proved to be good for forecasting in the BDF regime. For transient flow, we examined the Duong model (which includes transient linear flow as a special case) and YM-SEPD (modified form of Stretched Exponential Production Decline model). In some cases, we applied the Arps model for both the transition period and BDF regimes (with different b values). We concluded that hybrid DCA models are more appropriate for multi-phase flow analysis than simple DCA models. In most of the cases, the hybrid YM-SEPD and Arps models led to more accurate oil production forecasts than other alternatives. Our analyses of solution gas forecasts indicated that solution gas production forecasting is possible but there is still need for more research in this area.
Abstract 4451: Elevated USP22 is a potential therapeutic target for human non-small cell lung cancer

Elevated ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) is associated with enhanced malignancy, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of various human cancers. In this study, the clinicopathological significance of USP22, therapeutic implication of targeting USP22, and underlying molecules of USP22 knockdown were investigated in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that USP22 protein was dramatically elevated in ~ 67% of 197 NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent normal lung tissues. Importantly, statistical analysis demonstrated that elevated USP22 was positively associated with advanced cancer stage and a trend to poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. Moreover, siRNA-mediated knockdown of USP22 induced a cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase and significantly suppressed cell proliferation and soft agar colony formations in NSCLC cell lines. In addition, knockdown of USP22 significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced genotoxic effects in NSCLC cell lines. Furthermore, USP22 silencing substantially down-regulated SIRT1 and upregulated p53 tumor suppressor in NSCLC cells, indicating downregulation of USP22 may boost p53-mediated tumor suppression and DNA damage response in NSCLC cells. Knockdown of USP22 also increased global histone H2B monoubiquitylation, H3K4 and H3K79 trimethylation leading to global gene expression profile changes in these NSCLC cells. These results suggest that targeting USP22 will have broad anti-cancer effects via altering multiple cancer signaling pathways. Taken together, data of this study further indicate that the elevated USP22 may potentially represent a prognostic factor and therapeutic target for NSCLC patients. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Keqiang Zhang, Tommy R Tong, Xinwei Yun, Rebecca Nelson, Nardi Isaac, Ravi Salgia, Dan Raz. Elevated USP22 is a potential therapeutic target for human non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4451. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4451
Examples of engineering geologic mapping in seismically active areas of the united states

Many types of engineering geologic maps have been made for seismically active areas of the United States in the last 15 years. Groups of maps have been prepared that show many of the following basic factors: active faults, recurrence intervals along faults, landslides, areas of known ground failure at the time of previous earthquakes, areas subject to tsunamis, location of epicenters, magnitudes and intensities of past earthquakes, and structural damage at times of previous earthquakes. Various kinds of interpretive maps show acceleration probability, liquefaction potential, landslide potential, seismic response of geologic units, and other zoning for land-use planning. Maps of predicted regional maximum earthquake intensity have been published for the San Francisco Bay area. These various maps are essential for use in land-use planning, which is now recognized as one of the best ways to lessen the danger of earthquake-related loss of life and damage to structures.
Chronological ignorance: time, nonmonotonicity, necessity and causal theories

Concerned with the problem of reasoning efficiently about change within a formal system, we identify the initiation problem. The solution to it which we offer, called the logic of chronological ignorance, combines temporal logic, nonmonotonic logic, and the modal logic of necessity. We identify a class of theories, called causal theories, which have elegant model-theoretic and complexity properties in the new logic.
Protease Mediators of Anaphylaxis

This chapter reviews the history of studies of mast cell and basophil protease biology and attempts to synthesize current concepts bearing upon their likely contributions to anaphylaxis, focusing on enzymes in the histamine-rich intracellular granules in humans and rodents. As a class, peptidases and proteases are the major proteins of mast cell secretory granules, but seem to be less abundant in basophil granules. The peptidases are secreted with histamine during anaphylactic degranulation. Typically, they are cationic proteins that are packaged in the granule with polyanionic heparin and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and are released in association with them. The peptidases, which differ widely in mechanistic class and substrate specificity, include serine endopeptidases (e.g., chymases, cathepsin G, and tryptases), metallo-exopeptidases (e.g., carboxypeptidase A3), and thiol peptidases (e.g., dipeptidylpeptidase I/cathepsin C). There are potentially important differences between human and rodent mast cell and basophil peptidases in variety and functions. Some of these peptidases have anti-inflammatory as well as inflammatory potential, with roles in host defense. When originating from the secretory granule, most are active at the time of release, but their fates and potential for causing harm outside of the cell differ widely, with some enzymes remaining associated with the cell membrane, or being free but promptly inactivated, and others remaining active and capable of cleaving targets remote from the site of degranulation – indeed, acting systemically. Because of their abundance, several of the chymases and tryptases are biomarkers of anaphylaxis. Beyond their demonstrated utility in this regard, some of the peptidases may contribute to the pathology of anaphylaxis and are under investigation as targets for therapeutic inhibition.
Color Reactiveness on the Desktop

Mr. Poag describes the InSight project which is designing a desktop where color is used to inform the user of what is happening with his applications
First Report of Russian-thistle (Salsola tragus L.) as a Host for the Southern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in the United States

The results indicate that S. tragus is a suitable host of M. incognita and, therefore, failure to properly manage S. tragus in rotation crops or during fallow periods may negate the benefit of crop...
Cardiac Arrest and Subsequent Hospitalization-Induced Posttraumatic Stress Is Associated With 1-Year Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality.

Objectives:To compare 1-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events in cardiac arrest survivors with and without posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology at hospital discharge.Design:Prospective, observational cohort.Setting:ICUs at a tertiary-care center.Patients:Adults wit
Focusing on structure and process to integrate and mainstream the social sciences in conservation.

Bennett and colleagues (2016) discerningly point out calls to integrate the social and natural sciences in conservation are “now routine.” Yet, these calls have a limited effect as they continue to go unheeded, although “everyone working in conservation, it seems, recognizes that natural science alone cannot solve conservation problems”. Highlighting the need for more comprehensive integration, the authors present a “framework for a collaborative and integrated conservation science and practice”, which ostensibly contains a set of structures for interdisciplinary team science. However, there is a conspicuous lack of explanation of these structures and, perhaps more importantly, no mention of the corresponding processes that are necessary to facilitate integration. By not detailing these aspects of their framework the authors leave their intent implicit, and miss a valuable opportunity to explicate the important role both structures and processes perform in interdisciplinary research. As other fields adjacent to conservation have come to understand, the synergistic relationship between structures and processes in interdisciplinary team science creates the hospitable environment required for integration and dispels the ad hoc approach of including other domains of knowledge. Acknowledging the importance of structures, processes, and their interactions in interdisciplinary research is essential at this nascent and critical stage of emerging interdisciplinarity in conservation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
U.S. seafood consumption

U.S. seafood consumption has changed dramatically in recent decades and has become increasingly dominated by the consumption of a limited number of species that are primarily imported and predominantly sourced from aquaculture. In getting to this point, the United States has been, and still is, at the forefront of some of the most important trends in global seafood markets. Hence, discussing the factors influencing U.S. seafood consumption patterns is an interesting and informative endeavor and will most likely also have strong predictive power for the continued development of seafood markets in the United States. In this article, we will discuss the transitions in the U.S. seafood market, primarily focusing on the period from 1990 to the present, highlighting the main factors that facilitated this development. This article provides an overview of U.S. landings, aquaculture production, exports, and imports and also explores contributing trends in global export and import markets. This will be followed by a discussion of U.S. per capita consumption patterns and an examination of the consolidation of species consumed over time. Finally, implications for future trends in seafood consumption and production are discussed.
Short Communication: Relationship Between Contraindicated Drug–Drug Interactions and Subsequent Hospitalizations Among Patients Living with HIV Initiating Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are at an increased risk of contraindicated drug-drug interactions (XDDIs), which may result in deleterious outcomes. Study objectives were to (1) compare the frequency of hospitalizations between patients with and without XDDIs and (2) determine if XDDIs are independently associated with hospitalizations in PLWH. A retrospective cohort study was performed among PLWH receiving care at the Upstate New York Veterans' Healthcare Administration or University of New Mexico Truman Health Services from 2000 to 2013. Hospitalization was defined as an admission to an inpatient hospital facility for ≥24 h. Of the 1329 patients evaluated, 149 (11.2%) patients were hospitalized within 1 year of antiretroviral therapy initiation. A significantly higher proportion of patients with XDDIs were hospitalized compared with those who did not have XDDIs (20.3% vs. 10.2%, risk ratio: 1.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-2.91, p = .001). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, XDDIs were independently associated with hospitalizations (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.00-2.48; p = .05), after adjustment for CD4 < 242 cells/mm3 (HR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.72-3.33; p < .001), protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen (HR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.97-1.89; p = .08), recreational drug use (HR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.85-3.58, p < .001), and non-HIV medications ≥10 (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 0.97-2.69; p = .07). In this study an increased risk of hospitalization was observed among PLWH with XDDIs compared with those without XDDIs. This relationship persisted after adjustment for CD4 count, use of a PI-based regimen, recreational drug use, and number of non-HIV medications.