cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Measurements of the dynamic input impedance of a dc SQUID

The impedance of a circuit coupled magnetically via a mutual inductanceM i to a dc SQUID of geometric inductanceL is modified by the dynamic input impedance of the SQUID, which can be characterized by the flux-to-current transfer functionJ Ф≡∂J/∂Ф;J is the current circulating in the SQUID loop and Ф is the flux applied to the loop. At the same time, the SQUID is modified by the presence of the input circuit: in the lumped circuit approximation, one expects its inductance to be reduced toL r=(1−α 2 )L, where α e is an effective coupling coefficient. Calculations of JФ using an analog simulator are described and presented in the form of a dynamic inductance ℒ and a dynamic resistance ℛ versus bias currentI and Ф. Experimental measurements of ℒ and ℛ were made on a planar, thin-film SQUID tightly coupled to a spiral input coil that was connected in series with a capacitorC i to form a resonant circuit. Thus,J Ф was determined from the change in the resonant freqency and quality factor of this circuit as a function ofI and Ф. At low bias currents (low Josephson frequencies) the measured values of ℒ were in reasonable agreement with values simulated for the reduced SQUID, while at higher bias currents (higher Josephson frequencies) the measured values were in better agreement with values simulated for the unscreened SQUID. Similar conclusions were reached in the comparison of the experimental and simulated values of the flux-to-voltage transfer functionV Ф. The reduction in the screening at the higher Josephson frequencies is believed to result from the parasitic capacitanceC p between the SQUID and the input coil. In contrast to the behavior of the input inductance, the change in the input resistance ΔR i could not be explained in terms of the dynamic impedance of the SQUID reflected into the input circuit. Instead, ΔR i was dominated by capacitive feedback between the output of the SQUID and the input circuit viaC p . The experimental values of ΔR i were satisfactorily explained by a simplified model that predicts ΔR i ⋍−M iV Ф r (C p /C i ).
Training and Credentialing in NOTES (Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery)

NOTES (Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery) remains a largely experimental technique with scattered early case reports and a series showing safe and efficacious implementation. Most of these reports revolve around transvaginal cholecystectomy, with rigid and flexible endoscopic instrumentation utilized. The conundrum of how to train surgeons in this evolving area remains a vexing problem. Animate labs remain the hallmark of training for new procedures but are expensive and require close contact with industry professionals to help supply the necessary equipment for NOTES procedures. Courses are held by societies and universities and can be a useful opportunity for training. Virtual reality simulators can be a potential avenue for skill acquisition, but these are also costly and early in development. Multidisciplinary teams of surgeons, gastroenterologists, and gynecologists remain a recommended concept in the development of a new NOTES program. While credentialing remains a local issue, Institutional Research Board approval should still be entertained before beginning NOTES procedures.
Stereochemical consequences of chelated, bridging phosphino-phosphido ligands in bimetallic complexes. The molecular structure of both Meso- and SnSn [PtCl{C6H5P(CH2)3P(C6H11)2}]2

Structures cristallines et moleculaires des deux stereoisomeres Rn, Sn- et Sn, Sn-. La plus importante difference structurale entre les deux structures est la position des cycles phenyle par rapport au cœur Pt-P-Pt-P
Laser imaging inside engines for advanced direct injection gasoline engine development

Imaging techniques (laser Mie scattering, particle image velocimetry, spectrally-resolved spark and combustion luminosity, and laser induced fluorescence) with high repetition rate lasers and multiple CMOS cameras allow fuel injection, fuel/air mixing, ignition, and combustion to be followed within one engine cycle. This aids the design of advanced gasoline direct injection engines by avoiding intermittent poor burning engine cycles. Improvements in tunable uv high repetition rate lasers would expand the range of possible in-cylinder experiments.
Body MR imaging

BodyMR imaging applications continue to grow at a rapid pace. In our hospital, the number of examinations performed is limited primarily by the number of MR scanners available. Body MR imaging continues to be one of the largest areas of growth in terms of the percentage of examinations performed. Fellows applying for training in diagnostic imaging are highly interested in body MR imaging facilities at various hospitals and consider body MR imaging as a leading reason for selecting their fellowship programs. Traditional textbooks on the subject, however, have difficulty keeping pace with the rapidly changing nature of imaging in this field. It is for these reasons that this issue of the Radiologic Clinics of North America focuses on body MR imaging applications. Recently, outstanding advances in body MR methods have resulted in an increase in the use of MR for patients with a variety of suspected diseases. For example, new contrast agents are now available for use in hepatic imaging, and advanced clinical trials for intravascular contrast agents are taking place. Faster pulse sequences that result in improved image quality with higher resolution are available; these have helped to control problems of motion in the chest and abdomen. Entirely new applications that barely existed several years ago, such as MR cholangiopancreatography, adrenal, and breast MR imaging, are widely requested by referring physicians. Cardiac MR imaging is of great interest and is developing rapidly. The complexity of these newer applications remains a challenge for both radiologists and technologists, because comprehensive information is usually not readily available in the literature. Increasingly, referring physicians or patients themselves are requesting the latest MR methods and applications from radiologists. For these reasons, an issue devoted to body MR imaging should serve to update both the practicing clinician and academician on a wide range of established and novel methods. The authors chosen for these articles are experienced in their fields and have a broad range of expertise. This is a unique opportunity to present an up-to-date summary of the most widely applied applications in body MR imaging. I would like to thank all of the authors for their outstanding efforts to assemble this issue of the Radiologic Clinics of North America. In addition, I wish to thank Barton Dudlick for the support he provided to me as this issue was being planned and prepared. It is my hope that readers will find this issue a valuable resource in their current practice.
Spatial pattern of spontaneous retinal waves instructs retinotopic map refinement more than activity frequency

Spontaneous activity during early development is necessary for the formation of precise neural connections, but it remains uncertain whether activity plays an instructive or permissive role in brain wiring. In the visual system, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) projections to the brain form two prominent sensory maps, one reflecting eye of origin and the other retinotopic location. Recent studies provide compelling evidence supporting an instructive role for spontaneous retinal activity in the development of eye-specific projections, but evidence for a similarly instructive role in the development of retinotopy is more equivocal. Here, we report on experiments in which we knocked down the expression of β2-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (β2-nAChRs) specifically in the retina through a Cre-loxP recombination strategy. Overall levels of spontaneous retinal activity in retina-specific β2-nAChR mutant mice (Rx-β2cKO), examined in vitro and in vivo, were reduced to a degree comparable to that observed in whole animal β2-nAChR mouse mutants (β2KO). However, many residual spontaneous waves in Rx-β2cKO mice displayed local propagating features with strong correlations between nearby but not distant RGCs typical of waves observed in wild-type (WT) but not β2KO mice. We further observed that eye-specific segregation was disrupted in Rx-β2cKO mice, but retinotopy was spared in a competition-dependent manner. These results suggest that propagating patterns of spontaneous retinal waves are essential for normal development of the retinotopic map, even while overall activity levels are significantly reduced, and support an instructive role for spontaneous retinal activity in both eye-specific segregation and retinotopic refinement.
Solution Structure of Alg13: The Sugar Donor Subunit of a Yeast N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase

Summary The solution structure of Alg13, the glycosyl donor-binding domain of an important bipartite glycosyltransferase in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , is presented. This glycosyltransferase is unusual in that it is active only in the presence of a binding partner, Alg14. Alg13 is found to adopt a unique topology among glycosyltransferases. Rather than the conventional Rossmann fold found in all GT-B enzymes, the N-terminal half of the protein is a Rossmann-like fold with a mixed parallel and antiparallel β sheet. The Rossmann fold of the C-terminal half of Alg13 is conserved. However, although conventional GT-B enzymes usually possess three helices at the C terminus, only two helices are present in Alg13. Titration of Alg13 with both UDP-GlcNAc, the native glycosyl donor, and a paramagnetic mimic, UDP-TEMPO, shows that the interaction of Alg13 with the sugar donor is primarily through the residues in the C-terminal half of the protein.
Nanoscale and Microscale Hardness of Hydroxyapatite–BisGMA/TEGDMA Composites

We have investigated BisGMA-TEGDMA dental composites with varying mass fractions of hydroxyapatite and silica filler. Commercially available dental composites with 60% silica filler were synthesized in the presence of nanometer-sized hydroxyapatite crystals. We have compared the mechanical properties of BisGMA-TEGDMA samples filled with silica only and those filled with silica and hydroxyapatite particles. We report on hardness as a function of crystalline content as determined by nanoindentation and microindentation.
Safety of intravenous iron in clinical practice: implications for anemia management protocols.

Optimizing anemia management is the sole indication for intravenous (IV) iron administration in the patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD): Achieving and maintaining iron sufficiency is crucial to achieving and maintaining target-range hemoglobin (Hgb). Although pica (geophagia) ([1][1]) and
A Three-Semester, Interdisciplinary Approach to Parallel Programming in a Liberal Arts University Setting

We describe a successful addition of high performance computing (HPC) into a traditional computer science curriculum at a liberal arts university. The approach incorporated a three-semester sequence of courses emphasizing parallel programming techniques, with the final course focusing on a research-level mathematical project that was executed on a TOP500 supercomputer. A group of students with varied programming backgrounds participated in the program. Emphasis was placed on utilizing the Open MPI and CUDA libraries along with parallel algorithm and file I/O analysis.
The Case for Using Policy Writing in Undergraduate Political Science Courses

Traditional writing assignments only teach students to write for academic settings. Assigning students policy briefs and policy memos gives them the opportunity to practice the type of writing they will perform both inside and outside of academia while still developing critical thinking skills and an understanding of the political world. Including policy-style writing assignments in the curriculum teaches undergraduates the skills demanded by their future employers, helps future academics learn how to write grant and conference proposals, offers students practice at the highest levels of Bloom's taxonomy of learning, hones synthesis and analysis, teaches students to be client-oriented, and makes students more effective citizens.
Atypical presentation of a case of solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit.

Purpose: To describe a rare case of solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit in a child, clinically misdiagnosed as arterious hemangioma. Methods: A nine-year-old child presented a hard-elastic palpable mass located in the right inferotemporal orbit. Computed tomography, orbital pulsed-wave Doppler and internal carotid artery angiography consented diagnosis of high-vascularization mass probably related to arterious hemangioma with feeder vessel arising from a branch of ophthalmic artery. The orbital mass was surgically removed. Results: The histological examination showed mesenchimal tumor, CD34 positive, related to solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit. Conclusions: Solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit should be considered in the differential diagnosis of arterious hemangioma.
Identification and characterization of Neospora caninum cyclophilin that elicits gamma interferon production.

Gamma interferon (IFN-) response is essential to the development of a host protective immunity in response to infections by intracellular parasites. Neosporosis, an infection caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite Neospora caninum, is fatal when there is a complete lack of IFN- in the infected host. However, the mechanism by which IFN- is elicited by the invading parasite is unclear. This study has identified a microbial protein in the N. caninum tachyzoite N. caninum cyclophilin (NcCyP) as a major component of the parasite responsible for the induction of IFN- production by bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and antigen-specific CD4 T cells. NcCyP has high sequence homology (86%) with Toxoplasma gondii 18-kDa CyP with a calculated molecular mass of 19.4 kDa. NcCyP is a secretory protein with a predicted signal peptide of 17 amino acids. Abundant NcCyP was detected in whole-cell N. caninum tachyzoite lysate antigen (NcAg) and N. caninum tachyzoite culture supernatant. In N. caninum tachyzoite culture supernatant, three NcCyP bands of 19, 22, and 24 kDa were identified. NcAg stimulated high levels of IFN- production by PBMC and CD4 T cells. The IFN--inducing effect of NcAg was blocked by cyclosporine, a specific ligand for CyP,
Technical Note—A Comparison of Methods Used to Measure Eating and Ruminating Activity in Confined Dairy Cattle

Detailed knowledge of chewing and rumination activities is critical to fully understand the dietary factors affecting normal rumen function. An automatic system for the digital recording of the jaw movements in free-ranging grazing cattle has been described, but its ability to measure chewing activity of cattle housed in confinement and fed total mixed rations has not yet been evaluated. The eating and ruminating behaviors of eight lactating dairy cows were recorded simultaneously by a wireless automatic system and by 5-min interval observation over 24-h periods. Results indicated that both methods agreed on identification of eating and ruminating bouts. Mean differences between methods for total time eating (8.7 min ± 12.8) and ruminating (42.9 min ± 12.0) were significantly different. The time recorded by observation in both eating and rumination was 3.6 and 10.3% higher compared with the automatic system. Differences indicate inaccuracies in the observational method itself. The automatic system may prove useful in further studies examining eating and rumination activities in cattle.
Markers of Apoptosis: Methods for Elucidating the Mechanism of Apoptotic Cell Death from the Nervous System

Apoptosis is a highly conserved energy-requiring program for non-inflammatory cell death that is important in both normal physiology and disease. Numerous techniques have been used to study apoptosis. In the nervous system, apoptosis is necessary for normal development, but it also occurs in many acute and chronic pathologic conditions. This review places commonly used markers of apoptosis and their detection in the context of what is now known about the process of apoptosis. We review the potential role of apoptosis in nervous system and neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). We then describe important morphological, immunocytochemical, and molecular genetic markers for apoptosis, including proteases, signal transduction molecules, and mitochondrial proteins. The possibility of manipulating apoptosis therapeutically in conditions of too many or too few cells is under active investigation.
Racial and Gender Biases in Magazine Advertising: A Content-Analytic Study

Recent evidence suggests that racial and gender biases in magazine advertisements may be increasing. To explore this possibility, a content analysis was performed on 10 years of fashion advertisements drawn from magazines geared toward White women, Black women, or White men (N = 1,800 advertisements from 1985–1994). The results indicated that (a) except for Black females in White women's magazines, African Americans were underrepresented in White magazines; (b) female body exposure was greater than male body exposure, and White female body exposure rose significantly during the 10 years; (c) White women were shown in low-status positions nearly twice as often as were other models; and (d) Black women wore the majority of animal prints, most of which were patterned after a predatory animal. These findings suggest that racial and gender biases in magazine advertising persisted, and in some cases increased, between the mid-1980s and mid-1990s.
Where Do States Go? Strategy in Civil War Intervention:

While the extant literature on the UN peacekeeping missions has considered the dynamics of institutional decisionmaking, relatively less attention has been paid to how states choose the civil wars in which they are going to intervene. In this article, I compare state and IGO decisionmaking in civil war intervention and claim that states make strategic decisions and consider the behavior of other third-party states to judge the costs and risks associated with intervention. Event history analysis results for the post-WWII period suggest that the timing of civil war intervention is closely associated with the war’s intervention history. States become hesitant and wait for longer periods to take action in civil wars in which interventions that failed to influence combatant behavior have been attempted by other states. Civil wars that survive despite heavy third-party involvement discourage other states from undertaking intervention efforts.
Bright lights, big city: influences of ecological light pollution on reciprocal stream–riparian invertebrate fluxes

Cities produce considerable ecological light pollution (ELP), yet the effects of artificial night lighting on biological communities and ecosystem function have not been fully explored. From June 2010 to June 2011, we surveyed aquatic emergent insects, riparian arthropods entering the water, and riparian spiders of the family Tetragnathidae at nine stream reaches representing common ambient ELP levels of Columbus, Ohio, USA, streams (low, 0.1-0.5 lux; moderate, 0.6-2.0 lux; high, 2.1-4.0 lux). In August 2011, we experimentally increased light levels at the low- and moderate-treatment reaches to 10-12 lux to represent urban streams exposed to extremely high levels of ELP. Although season exerted the dominant influence on invertebrate fluxes over the course of the year, when analyzed by season, we found that light strongly influenced multiple invertebrate responses. The experimental light addition resulted in a 44% decrease in tetragnathid spider density (P = 0.035), decreases of 16% in family richness (P = 0.040) and 76% in mean body size (P = 0.022) of aquatic emergent insects, and a 309% increase in mean body size of terrestrial arthropods (P = 0.015). Our results provide evidence that artificial light sources can alter community structure and ecosystem function in streams via changes in reciprocal aquatic-terrestrial fluxes of invertebrates.
Asymptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment increases risk for symptomatic decline.

Objective: While HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), the clinical relevance of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), the most common HAND diagnosis, remains unclear. We investigated whether HIV-infected persons with ANI were more likely than those who were neurocognitively normal (NCN) to experience a decline in everyday functioning (symptomatic decline). Methods: A total of 347 human participants from the CNS HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Effects Research (CHARTER) cohort were NCN (n = 226) or had ANI (n = 121) at baseline. Neurocognitive assessments occurred approximately every 6 months, with median (interquartile range) follow-up of 45.2 (28.7–63.7) months. Symptomatic decline was based on self-report (SR) or objective, performance-based (PB) problems in everyday functioning. Proportional hazards modeling was used to generate risk ratios for progression to symptomatic HAND after adjusting for baseline and time-dependent covariates, including CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (CD4), virologic suppression, CART, and mood. Results: The ANI group had a shorter time to symptomatic HAND than the NCN after adjusting for baseline predictors: adjusted risk ratios for symptomatic HAND were 2.0 (confidence interval [CI] 1.1–3.6; p = 0.02) for SR, 5.8 (CI 3.2–10.7; p p Conclusions: This longitudinal study demonstrates that ANI conveys a 2-fold to 6-fold increase in risk for earlier development of symptomatic HAND, supporting the prognostic value of the ANI diagnosis in clinical settings. Identifying those at highest risk for symptomatic decline may offer an opportunity to modify treatment to delay progression.
LIPASE-CATALYZED BIOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN NOVEL MEDIA: A REVIEW

Lipids in biological matter are mostly triacylglycerols (TAG). Lipolytic enzymes, primarily lipases, are indispensable for bioconversion of such lipids from one organism to another and within the organisms. In addition to their biological significance, lipases are very important in the field of food technology, nutritional and pharmaceutical sciences, chemical and detergent industries, and clinical medicine because of their ability to catalyze various reactions involving a wide range of substrates. Conventionally, lipases have been viewed as the biocatalysts for the hydrolysis of TAG (fats and oils) to free fatty acids, monoacylglycerols (MAG), diacylglycerols (DAG), and glycerol. The main advantages of lipase catalysis are selectivity, stereo-specificity, and mild reaction conditions. Despite these advantages and the fact that enzymatic splitting of fats for fatty acid production was described as early as in 1902, the lipase-catalyzed process has not replaced the commercial physicochemical process for th...
DD92: Wie erzeuge ich Schizophrenie? (Mai 2009)

Psychische Storungen werden ja meistens ziemlich spat diagnostiziert – wenn sie schon stark nerven. Dann uberlegen alle, wie es dazu kommen konnte. Wenn sich diese Frage nicht gut beantworten lasst, muss es an einem genetischen Defekt liegen, fur den niemand verantwortlich ist. Dass Storungen fast planmasig erzeugt werden konnen, will niemand horen. Dabei geht es doch in der Vorstellung ganz gut, oder? Wie erzeugen wir zum Beispiel Schizophrenie?
Hyperfine quenching of the metastable 4s4p 3P0 and 3P2 states of Zn-like ions1This article is part of a Special Issue on the 10th International Colloquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas.

The hyperfine-induced 4s4p P0,2–4s S0 transition rates for Zn-like ions with Z = 30–66 are calculated using a large scale relativistic configuration-interaction method. Comparisons are made between different approaches to hyperfine quenching studies, and discussions are given to the significance of various contributions. For the P0 state, the effect of the P1 state on hyperfine quenching is found to be quite substantial and cannot be ignored in spite of the large energy separation. For the P2 state, hyperfine quenching leads to different decay rates to the ground state for different hyperfine levels and the induced decays can dominated over the unperturbed M2 transition. The present results are compared with the other theoretical predictions, and reasons for the discrepancies are discussed. PACS Nos: 31.30.Gs, 32.10.Fn, 31.15.aj, 31.15.am Resume : Utilisant une methode d’interaction de configuration relativiste a grande echelle, nous avons calcule les taux de transition hyperfine induits 4s4p P0,2–4s S0 dans les ions de type Zn, avec Z = 30–66. Nous comparons avec les resultats de differentes approches a l’extinction hyperfine et discutons la signification des differentes contributions. Pour l’etat P0, nous trouvons que l’effet de l’etat P1 sur l’extinction hyperfine est tres significative et ne peut etre ignoree, en depit de l’importante separation en energie. Pour l’etat P2, l’extinction hyperfine mene a differents taux de desintegration vers le fondamental pour differents niveaux hyperfins et les desintegrations induites peuvent dominer la transition M2 sans perturbation. Nous comparons nos resultats avec d’autres predictions theoriques et analysons les desaccords. [Traduit par la Redaction]
Modeling Analyses of the Effects of Changes in Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from the Electric Power Sector on Ozone Levels in the Eastern United States

Abstract In this paper, we examine the changes in ambient ozone concentrations simulated by the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model for summer 2002 under three different nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission scenarios. Two emission scenarios represent best estimates of 2002 and 2004 emissions; they allow assessment of the impact of the NOx emissions reductions imposed on the utility sector by the NOx State Implementation Plan (SIP) Call. The third scenario represents a hypothetical rendering of what NOx emissions would have been in 2002 if no emission controls had been imposed on the utility sector. Examination of the modeled median and 95th percentile daily maximum 8-hr average ozone concentrations reveals that median ozone levels estimated for the 2004 emission scenario were less than those modeled for 2002 in the region most affected by the NOx SIP Call. Comparison of the “no-control” with the “2002” scenario revealed that ozone concentrations would have been much higher in much of the eastern Unite...
Oriental Fruit Fly: Sexual Development and Mating Response of Laboratory-Reared and Wild Flies

The mating patterns of wild oriental fruit flies, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, were compared with those of a 28-year-old laboratory strain. In the laboratory, 100% of the laboratory-reared females were mated by day 12 postemergence, whereas only 2.5% of females of the wild strain were mated 13 days postemergence. Laboratory tests indicated a partial sexual isolation between the laboratory-reared males and wild females—in the cross mating, only 50% were mated by day 24 of adult life. In the cross mating between wild males and laboratory-reared females, and in the mating of wild males and wild females, 90% mating was obtained by day 24. Further evidence of sexual isolation between the two strains was obtained in field cage tests. When laboratory-reared flies that had been irradiated with 10 krad in N2 were released in field cages with normal wild flies, the results were similar to those obtained from laboratory-reared flies that were unirradiated with normal wild flies. The results of both field tests showed that significantly more males mated with females of the same strain than cross matings.
A Creative Genius

Just like the kids I knew from Julian Stanley’s John Hopkins study of talented children, Ramanujan was identified at an early age for his gifts in mathematics. Like us, he was capable of flying through the usual mathematics curriculum. However, where we had a knack only for understanding formulas, he had a knack for creating them.
Who does the public think should perform health care tasks

The dietitian was identified as the most appropriate provider of such key nutrition services as nutrition assessment, determination of caloric requirements, provision of diet counseling, and prescription of diets. Several tasks fundamental to nutrition services were not viewed as highly suitable tasks for the dietitian, e.g., plan for care at home, monitor client progress, and check laboratory values. Activities that constitute key nutrition services need to be accentuated to clarify the numerous skills and extensive knowledge that dietitians possess. In the health care system of today, the dietetic profession must be associated with a wider range of health-related tasks than the traditional triad of diet, food, and hospital. Public relations and marketing strategies should focus on activities that provide the public with a clearer understanding of how the dietetic profession contributes to patient/client care.
Exercise training reduced ischemic events more than percutaneous coronary intervention in stable coronary artery disease.

Source Citation Hambrecht R, Walther C, Mobius-Winkler S, et al. Percutaneous coronary angioplasty compared with exercise training in patients with stable coronary artery disease: a randomized tria...
Using abstraction for swarm control of a parent system

Swarms of robots have many uses, from exploring an area in a parallel manner to manipulating objects, both on the ground and in the air. In this paper, we consider a class of swarms in which robots within the swarm work together to manipulate a parent system with its own dynamics. Using the process of abstraction, we find a set of variables that represent key elements of the swarm such as its mean position, the variance of the swarm's distribution, etc. Using these variables, we can generate a simplified model of how the swarm interacts with the parent system and design a controller to control the parent system through this abstract state. We show that we are able to use a swarm to regulate the parent system, track a step input, and reject step disturbances in an example problem involving a swarm of robots balancing a plane that is allowed to rotate about an axis through its center.
Multimodality Imaging of Tumor Integrin αvβ3 Expression

Most solid tumors are angiogenesis dependent. Anti-angiogenic pharmaceuticals that inhibit the growth of new blood vessels offer considerable promise as anti-cancer agents. With increasing numbers of anti-angiogenic drugs in clinical trials, there is an urgent need for detailed characterization of the heterogeneity of tumor vasculature and dissection of the complex network of mechanisms that control tumor angiogenesis. Non-invasive molecular imaging will play a key role in individualized anti-angiogenic therapy based upon molecular features of the new blood vessel growth. Integrin alpha(v)beta(3), which binds several ligands via an RGD tripeptide sequence, is uniquely expressed in tumor vasculature and aggressive tumor cells, making it a potential target for anti-angiogenic interventions. This review highlights some recent advances in multimodality imaging of tumor integrin expression with emphasis on positron emission tomography (PET).
Studies on Papua New Guinea Chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae) I. Two new species of Schoengastia

Schoengastia loomisi and Schoengastia nadchatrami are described from a skink, Sphenomorphus sp., and a Black-billed Brush Turkey, Talegalla fuscirostris , both collected in Papua New Guinea.
Terson's Syndrome: Clinicopathologic Correlations

Abstract In seven cases of Terson's syndrome, an elevated, dome-shaped, membrane was detected in the posterior pole by ophthalmoscopy, echography, or during pars plana vitrectomy. Light and electron microscopic examination of two additional eyes obtained postmortem from an acute case of Terson's syndrome revealed that the posterior vitreous face was elevated by blood and that the internal limiting membrane of the retina was intact and in its normal position. In two chronic cases, a dome-shaped epiretinal membrane was excised from the macula during vitrectomy. Light and ultrastructural studies demonstrated that the membranes consisted of glial cells and basement membrane material. The dome-shaped structure observed in eyes with Terson's syndrome is due to the formation of a subhyaloid hemorrhage. The partially detached posterior hyaloid face created by this hemorrhage provides a scaffold for cellular proliferation and the development of an elevated epiretinal membrane in long-standing cases. Echographically, this membrane resembles a retinal detachment in 13scans, but can be clearly distinguished from retina with standardized A-scan.
Hyperglycemic, high anion-gap metabolic acidosis in patients receiving SGLT-2 inhibitors for diabetes management

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) are a class of antidiabetic medications that improve glycemic control via inhibiting the reabsorption of filtered glucose and are approved for use in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). These drugs have recently been associated with euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). An increasing number of cases of SGLT-2i-associated DKA have occurred in patients with T2DM. Herein, we describe five episodes of hyperglycemic DKA in four type 2 diabetes patients receiving SGLT-2i therapy. Risk for ketoacidosis in our case series was mediated predominately by reduction of insulin dose and insulinopenia. None of the patients reported a history of low carbohydrate diet or alcohol use, and all but one patient had negative glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. Resolution of DKA in SGLT-2i treated patients took longer than for T1DM patients with DKA based on literature data. The mechanisms by which SGLT-2i are associated with ketoacidosis are not fully understood and likely involve hyperglucagonemia and other factors. Further studies are needed to elucidate the precise mechanism.
When bins blur: Patient perspectives on categories of results from clinical whole genome sequencing

ABSTRACTBackground: Clinical genome and exome sequencing (CGES) is being used in an expanding range of clinical settings. Most approaches to offering patients choices about learning CGES results classify results according to expert definitions of clinical actionability. Little is known about how patients conceptualize different categories of CGES results. Methods: The MedSeq Project is a randomized controlled trial studying the use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in primary care and cardiology. We surveyed 202 patient-participants about different kinds of WGS results and conducted qualitative interviews with 49 of these participants. Interview data were analyzed both inductively and deductively using thematic content analysis. Results: Participants demonstrated high levels of study understanding and genetic literacy. A small majority of participants wanted to learn all of their WGS results (n = 123, 61%). Qualitative data provided a deeper understanding of participants' perspectives about different types...
Two Cases of Myeloid Sarcoma Presented in Rare Locations Mimicking Lymphoma: Case Reports

Background: Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare malignant neoplasm composed of myeloid blasts occurring at an extramedullary site. In nearly half of the patients, it is misdiagnosed initially, the most common being lymphoma. Here, we reported two cases of MS with monocytic differentiation, morphologically mimicking lymphoma. 1.1.Case presentation 1.1.1. Case 1: A 62-year-old female with 6 year history of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), presented with one month history of central nervous system (CNS)symptoms. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan showed several bilateral frontal and left parietal dural based lesions. Intraoperative consultation for the biopsy from the left frontal dural based lesion favored hematopoietic neoplasm. A limited negative lymphoma panel excluded lymphoma by flow cytometry. MS was diagnosed on the excised left frontal dural based lesion.BCR-ABL1 fusion was detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Intrathecal chemotherapy, however, showed no improvement. 1.1.2. Case 2:A 29-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented with two month history of fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss (10 lb in one month), and multiple enlargedlymph nodes.MS was diagnosed on the excised left anterior cervical lymph node that was initially thought to be a large cell lymphoma though. A concurrent bone marrow biopsy showed cytogenetically-normal AML with monocytic differentiation and mutated FLT3 tyrosine kinase domain.After systemic chemotherapy, no residual acute leukemiawas detected. In addition, the sizes of the enlarged lymph nodes were significantly decreased. 1.2.Conclusion We reported two cases of MS with monocytic differentiation, morphologically mimicking lymphoma. One case was a blastic transformation of CML presented in CNS. The other case was MS with concurrent AML presented in lymph nodes. Systemic chemotherapyis the recommended treatment for MS in addition to surgical resection, if surgical resection is necessary.
Impact of aggressive combined-modality primary therapy in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC): An updated single-institution experience.

e17042 Background: Historical outcomes in ATC have been highly discouraging. However, in response to aggressive first-line therapy combining intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and multiag...
Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Glomerular Disease Attending a Single Academic Center in North Carolina

Background: Contemporary data regarding pregnancy outcomes in US patients with primary glomerular diseases are lacking. We aimed to report fetal and maternal outc
Understanding Homosexuality in Postwar Kansas

In U.S A. Confidential , a sensationalist book of immoral criminal activities published in 1952, the authors stated that "when Kansas does anything, it means the rest of the country did it years ago." 1 This statement seems to apply to the way authorities and the general population viewed homosexuality in postwar Kansas, which was similar to the way homosexuality was viewed in the bigger cities of the United States at an earlier time of the century, and at odds with some of the changes that were occurring in other parts of the country.
Power Evaluation of 360 VR Video Streaming on Head Mounted Display Devices

Virtual reality (VR) video streaming with 360-degree views has become a trending video application recently. While providing the users with immersive video viewing experiences, the 360 video streaming introduces significantly higher overhead than the traditional 2D video streaming in both bandwidth and power consumption, due to the additional video bytes that must be transmitted and processed. While almost all the prior work in this domain has been focused on the bandwidth optimization, we for the first time investigate the power consequence of VR streaming on head mounted displays (HMDs). In particular, we build an end-to-end VR streaming system using DASH and WebVR technologies, which enables us to conduct empirical power measurements at runtime. In order to uncover the specific power impact caused by VR video streaming, we design eight controlled test cases with various streaming configurations and derive a quantitative power breakdown of the HMD through differential power analysis. Our evaluation and analysis results indicate that the VR streaming overhead accounts for 28.5% of the total power consumption on the HMD, with 18.4% for network transmission of the extra video bytes, 3.6% for the VR video decoding, and 6.5% for the VR view calculation, generation, and rendering. Our research findings quantify the room for improvement in VR video power consumption, based on which, we propose several power optimization strategies aiming to motivate further research in low power VR streaming.
Stable feature ranking with logistic regression ensembles

Beyond automated classification, supervised machine-learning models can be interpreted to find which features or combination of features distinguish sets of classes. Logistic Regression (LR) is an example of a model well-suited for human interpretation. Unfortunately, results from feature ranking with LR may not be reliable and reproducible for the same dataset. We demonstrate that stability and consistency can be achieved via ensembles (“LR ensembles”). As a specific example of the real-world utility of our associated framework, we apply LR ensembles to single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the recent speciation of the malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii and compare with the more common univariate metric F ST .
The potential for paracrisis in corporate philanthropy and social media

Corporate philanthropy in the U.S. has emerged since the mid-19th century. This essay takes a historical and interpretive perspective on its practice. The author categorizes corporate philanthropy into four ethical models to examine each modelʼs communicative priorities and ethical concerns. These communicative priorities and ethical concerns become more complex as corporate philanthropic entities utilize social media. To this end, the potential for what Coombs and Holladay (2012) called a “paracrisis” emerges. This essay examines the potential for community partners to be affected by a corporationʼs presence on social media (and vice versa) through the interpretive lens of the paracrisis. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.
D’une éthique écocentrique: Protection, prédation et la relation Homme-nature dans Le joueur de flûte de Louis Hamelin

Depuis la publication de son premier roman La rage en 1989, Louis Hamelin est devenu une figure centrale de l’ecriture de la nature. Si les preoccupations de l’auteur quebecois, biologiste de forma...
PRIVATIZATION AND NIGERIA ECONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF POWER HOLDING COMPANY OF NIGERIA (2011 – 2015)

The research work examined privatization and Nigeria economy, a case study of Power Holding Company of Nigeria 2011-2015. The theoretical framework adopted is structure functionalism. The research observed that the major cause of privatization was due to inefficiency by different structures and lack of performance in carrying out their functions. It also adopted the secondary data which is qualitative. It is recommended that government and private enterprises should work together in restoring high level of ethical standard in order to set laws and rules which will guide the workers in different power sectors to reduce the rate of embezzlement in Nigeria and encourage the establishment of the agency that should regulate the activities in the power sector.
The effect of cholesterol on cancer growth and metastasis: Experimental study with LDL receptor knockout mice.

e22071 Background: Cholesterol is an essential component for normal cell growth. However, epidemiological studies show cholesterol levels may be associated with cancer incidence. The Multiple Risk ...
Correction: Transfer matrix theory of polymer complex coacervation.

Correction for ‘Transfer matrix theory of polymer complex coacervation’ by Tyler K. Lytle et al., Soft Matter, 2017, 13, 7001–7012.
Fabrication of Freestanding Metallic Ni-Mo-W Microcantilever Beams With High Dimensional Stability

Recent studies have elucidated a promising balance of physical and mechanical properties of sputter deposited nickel-molybdenum-tungsten (Ni-Mo-W) films that have a unique nanotwinned microstructure and promising potential for use in high temperature microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The current study was undertaken to establish the feasibility of making nanotwinned Ni-Mo-W microcantilevers with standard microfabrication processing, to assess their dimensional stability, and to demonstrate the possibility of using nanotwinned Ni-Mo-W in metal MEMS devices. Deposition of Ni-Mo-W films in commercial sputtering chambers revealed a wide processing window for the formation of the requisite nanotwinned microstructure. Conventional photolithography and etchants were employed to shape blanket Ni-Mo-W films into freestanding microcantilever beams. Monitoring microcantilever deflections via interferometry provided a direct measure of residual stresses and overall dimensional stability. Heat treatments of 200°C and 400°C were used to mimic wafer bonding temperatures. At 400°C, microcantilevers exhibited modest stress relaxation, yielding beam deflection profiles on the nanometer scale and portending dimensional stability and control for future metal MEMS devices.
Predicting Eating Events in Free Living Individuals

Eating is a health-related behavior that could be intervened upon in the moment using smartphone technology, however predicting eating events using sensor data is challenging. We evaluate multiple machine learning algorithms for predicting eating and food purchasing events in a pilot sample of free living individuals. Data was collected with accelerometer, GPS device, and body-worn cameras for a week from 81 individuals. Raw minute-level features from sensors and engineered features including temporal and environmental context were included in the models. The Gradient Boosting model performed best for predicting eating, and the RBF-SVM model best predicted food purchasing. Time and context engineered features were important contributors to predicting eating and food purchasing events. This study provides a promising start in integrating body-worn sensor data, time components, and environmental contextual data into food-related behavior prediction for use in smartphone interventions.
Exploring performance limits of a new martensitic high strength steel by ausforming via equal channel angular pressing

Abstract Strength and toughness limits of a newly developed low alloy martensitic steel are explored using impact toughness experiments and room temperature tensile testing. These steel samples are subjected to either a selected heat treatment, to obtain tempered martensite, or equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) performed between 950 °C and 1050 °C, to refine prior austenite grains. Martensite refinement through ECAP led to a significantly enhanced mechanical response, resulting in impact toughness above 55 J at -40 °C and ultimate tensile strengths above 2 GPa at room temperature. Consequently, this new low alloy steel can be an excellent candidate for high specific strength transportation applications.
An updated synthesis of N 1 ′‐([ 11 C]methyl)naltrindole for positron emission tomography imaging of the delta opioid receptor

A new method for the synthesis of the highly selective delta opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist radiotracer N1 '-([11 C]methyl)naltrindole ([11 C]MeNTI) is described. The original synthesis required hydrogenation of a benzyl protecting group after 11 C-labeling, which is challenging in modern radiochemistry laboratories that tend to be heavily automated and operate according to current good manufacturing practice. To address this challenge, we describe development of a novel MeNTI precursor bearing a methoxymethyl acetal (MOM) protecting group, which is easily removed with HCl, and employ it in an updated synthesis of [11 C]MeNTI. The new synthesis is fully automated and validated for clinical use. The total synthesis time is 45 min and provides [11 C]MeNTI in good activity yield (49 ± 8 mCi), molar activity (3,926 ± 326 Ci/mmol) and radiochemical purity (97% ± 2%).
Clearing the Clouds in Kids’ Clinics: Improving Vaping Screening.

Aim: To increase the screening rate for vaping during well child visits (age 11-18 years) at University of Florida (UF) Pediatrics clinics by 20% in 6 months. Background: E-cigarettes (vaping) are the most popular tobacco product used by teenagers. In 2019, 27% of high school and 10% of middle school students reported vaping. Vaping has been linked to severe illness and over 50 deaths. The AAP recommends screening and prevention counseling for vaping. Methods: We surveyed primary care pediatricians (PCPs) and learners (residents and fellows) about their vaping screening and intervention practices and assessed confidence and barriers in these practices. Based …