cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
μAutonomy: Intelligent Command of Movable Objects

Abstract Moving beyond the traditional scope of cyberphysical systems this work presents μAutonomy, a novel proposal in the field of connected intelligent actuating objects. In this paper, we identify and study the implications of controlling moveable objects in a cyberphysical environment. This kind of environment is rapidly gaining attention in applications that include control of unmanned aerial vehicles, high altitude orbit control of robotic exploration probes, or robotic tele-diagnostics. Our work introduces a mechanism that greatly improves the operation of actuating objects over wireless links of varying quality. The proposed approach successfully compensates for communications impairments by tracking the system state and deciding course of action based on probabilistic principles. We tested our proposal using an experimental testbed consisting of an unmanned small-scale vehicle and present experimental results obtained through an extensive human subject based study. Our results show how the proposed mechanism significantly compensates for channel impairments aiding in the completion of a variety of basic tasks.
Stability of V2AlC with Al in 800–1000 °C temperature range and in situ synthesis of V2AlC/Al composites

Abstract The unique properties of the MAX phases make them a desirable reinforcement material in metal matrix composites. The promising results of MAX reinforced Mg matrix composites have spurred interest in developing Al–MAX composites with comparable or better properties. Herein, two-phase Al–V2AlC composites were synthesized from elemental powders. The nominal compositions were chosen so that in situ reactions would produce either a 75/25 vol. % Al/V2AlC or a 50/50 vol. % Al/V2AlC composites. Elemental powders were heated to 1000 °C and reacted for 0.5, 2.5 or 10 h under flowing Ar. Water quenched samples from temperature >950 °C produced two-phase Al–V2AlC composites; furnace cooled samples did not. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were used to investigate the stability of V2AlC with Al in the 800–1000 °C range. The Al–V–C phase diagram was defined in the Al-rich corner. At 800 °C, the Al and V2AlC phases were found to be in equilibrium with both Al3V and Al4C3, but not with each other. This study is a requisite step for the development of advanced composites in the Al–V–C system.
Relative yields of radicals produced in deuterated methanol by irradiation

Abstract The relative yields of radicals produced in four kinds of methanols; i.e., CH3OH, CH3OD, CD3OH and CD3OD, by γ-irradiation have been studied using ESR spin trapping with PBN. Both PBN-H and PBN-D were produced from CH3OD and CD3OH. This means that the proton transfer to the neutral methanol from the cationic one is one of the processes to produce both the methoxy and hydoxy-methyl radicals. The yield of the methoxy radical adduct relative to the hydroxy-methyl radical adduct decreased in the order CD3OH>CD3OD>CH3OH>CH3OD. The difference in the rates of the proton transfer and hydrogen abstraction reactions by substitution with deuterium is the reason for the variation in the relative radical yield.
The Influence of Nematode Parasites and Associates on Bark Beetles in the United States

Bark beetles destroy many mil1ions of board feet of timber in the United States each year. Detailed studies have been made, or are being made, on the biology and ecology of the more important economic species. Little is known, however, of the role of nematodes in the ecology of these insects. Nematodes were acknowledged as parasites of bark beetles nearly 75 years ago, when Von Linstow (1880) published on the presence of the genus Allantonema in the body cavity of Ips typographus L. The writer has recovered the parasites from most species of bark beetles examined from various sections of the United States. Many species are infested with two or three separate genera. In numerous cases these parasites appear to be host specific. They have been taken from the abdominal cavities of Orthotamicus ornatus Swaine, which measures approximately 2 mm. in length, and from Dendroctonus valens LeConte and Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier), measuring up to 9 mm. long. The adult parasites range in length from ½ mm. to 7 mm. They have been collected from entomophagous associates such as Corticeus , and from Coeloides dendroctoni Viereck, a braconid parasite of various species of Dendroctonus and Ips .
Control Allocation of Reaction Control Jets and Aerodynamic Surfaces for Entry Vehicles

A linear programming approach to mixing continuous and pulsed control effectors is proposed. The method is aimed at applications involving reentry vehicles that are transitioning from exoatmospheric flight to endoatmospheric flight. In this flight phase, aerodynamic surfaces are weak and easily saturated and vehicles typically rely on pulsed reaction control jets for attitude control. Control laws for these jets are typically developed using single-axis phase plane analysis which has proven to be sufficient for many applications where multi-axis coupling is insignificant and when failures have not been encountered. Here we propose using linear programming techniques to blend continuous control effectors and pulsed jets in order to generate moments commanded by linear or nonlinear control laws. When coupled with fault detection and isolation logic, the control effectors can be reconfigured in order to minimize the impact of control effector failures or damage. When the continuous effectors can provide the desired moments, standard linear programming methods can be used to mix the effectors; however, when the pulsed effectors must be used to augment the aerodynamic surfaces, mixed integer linear programming techniques are used to determine the best combination of jets to fire. The reaction jet control allocator acts as a non-uniform quantizer that generates applied moments that approximate the desired moments generated by a continuous control law. Lyapunov theory was applied to develop a method for determining the region of attraction associated with a quantized vehicle attitude control system.
Computations of unsteady two-dimensional vortex motions

Unsteady flows werc numerically simulated past nearimpulsively started two-dimensional flat and cambered plates. Using the discrete vortex mcthod, effects of the acceleration rate and the transition to steady speed were first studied. The phenomenon of rapid decelerations causing the wake vortex to overtake the model was simulated next. Thc effects of thc various model deceleration patterns were computed and compared with the available experimental data. Sensitivity of the present discrete vortex method to the choice of parameters was also addressed.
Drug Induced Psychotic States in a Hungarian Regional Hospital Between 2010-2014

In the last few years the increasing use of designer drugs became a big problem in Hungary, since 2010 they had been spread dramatically. Because of the unknown consistence, the biological effects of these drugs are unpredictable. The detection of these drugs is currently very difficult and unreliable. The consumption of designer drugs can induce psychotic symptoms even in mentally healthy people and it can aggravate the symptoms of the psychiatric conditions. Our aims were to detect a possible connection between the increasing drug use and the growing number of psychotic symptoms in young adults under 30. We examined the psychotic patients under 30 in between January 2010- September 2014 admitted to the acute psychiatric ward. The number of the admission was 261 from the catchment area of 240.000 inhabitant. We examined all of the medical reports individually. The selection criteria was the diagnosis (ICD 10) F20-F29, F19.50. The selected cases were analysed especially focusing on the former drug abuse/dependency. In our sample from 2010 to 2014 the number of hospitalization is increasing year by year. From 2010 to 2013 the number of cases doubled, meanwhile the anamnestical drug uses were four times higher than at the beginning. Men use drugs two times more often than women. In conclusion we found that the spreading of drug uses possibly plays an important role in the increasing of psychotic states amoung young adults.
THE INCIDENCE OF POWER

The church of Rome and its presidents aim to usurp what belongs to the minor and the middling ranks. The words of Christ are fulfilled in them: ‘And I, if I be lifted up from earth, will draw all unto me.’ Therefore the entire world is in disarray, the church is wounded and oppressed and, in the words of Gregory, the order of the church has been uprooted. William Durant, Tractatus Minor 8
Impact of thermally reactivated micro-natural fractures on well productivity in shale reservoirs, a numerical study

Abstract Recovered core samples and extensive outcrops studies have proved the existence of natural fractures in many tight formations. These natural fractures are likely filled with digenetic materials such as clays, quartz or calcite. In this numerical study, we suggest that small cemented natural fractures, exposed to the surface of the hydraulic fracture, can be opened by the induced tensile stress due to the temperature difference between the cold fracturing fluid and hot formation. Cohesive zone model (CZM) is utilized here to simulate these natural fractures. Tensile strength of digenetic cements, temperature difference between the fracturing fluid and formation, fractures spacing, and rock conductivity are the parameters controlling the opening and length of reactivated micro-fractures. Reactivated natural fractures may improve the rock permeability in the vicinity of the hydraulic fracture; however, the amount of permeability enhancement depends on the density and width of reactivated fractures. Contribution of these micro natural fractures to cumulative gas production from a shale reservoir is investigated by modifying the transmissibility coefficient in the dual porosity and dual permeability model. Transmissibility coefficient is then modified accordingly to estimate increase in gas production from the reactivated natural fractures in the reservoir simulator. Reservoir simulation results suggest that reactivated natural fractures in the tight formations at early stages can improve gas production up to 25% which may improves net present value of the project; however, their effect significantly reduces to 3% in long term cumulative production.
Highlights of Multiple Myeloma at the Annual Meeting of American Society of Hematology, 2016

This review discusses the landmark studies in the field of multiple myeloma (MM) which were presented at American society of hematology annual meeting, 2016. There were contrary results from two large phase III trials (one from US and one from Europe) that evaluated the role of additional interventions like tandem autologous transplant (ASCT) and consolidation after induction therapy followed by ASCT in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients, but there were critical differences between the two studies. Novel agents like carfilzomib and ixazomib proved to be of benefit when used as induction and post ASCT consolidation and maintenance in NDMM. The early data on subcutaneous administration of daratumumab (DARA) looked promising. The high rate of minimal residual disease negativity after using DARA even in relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) setting reinforces the benefit of targeting CD38. The responses seen with venetoclax in RRMM with t(11;14)(high BCL-2, low BCL-XL and MCL-1) and selinexor in penta-refractory myeloma which fulfills the FDA category of unmet need, opens up newer options for these patients. BCMA CAR-T infusion shows encouraging results in advanced refractory myeloma patients.
PERFORMANCE OF THE LITHOPLASTY SYSTEM IN TREATING CALCIFIED CORONARY LESIONS PRIOR TO STENTING: RESULTS FROM THE DISRUPT CAD OCT SUB-STUDY

Background: Coronary artery calcification presents multiple challenges to percutaneous revascularization and is associated with suboptimal results and adverse long-term clinical outcomes. Lithoplasty treatment is a balloon-based therapy deploying circumferential lithotripsy to disrupt intimal and
New therapeutic strategies for high-risk acute myeloid leukemia.

Purpose of review Treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) had remained essentially unchanged for several years; however, the advent of molecular testing has generated insight into the biology of this disease which is now being translated into clinical practice. New treatment strategies which improve drug delivery and exploit cellular targets are changing the landscape of how we treat this disease. Recent findings Induction therapy is in the process of changing for several patient populations. The introduction of CPX-351 offers a novel strategy for treating patients with therapy-related AML or AML with myelodysplasia-related changes; gemtuzumab ozogamicin may become incorporated into standard induction therapy, especially for patients with core-binding factor leukemias; and for older adults, combination therapy with venetoclax may offer a more efficacious strategy than the single-agent regimens previously used. Additionally, targeted therapies are now becoming available for patients with mutations in FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) or isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2), ushering in an era of personalized medicine in the treatment of AML. Summary The US Food and Drug Administration approval of several agents in 2017 will change the way AML treatment is approached and will offer both clinicians and patients a new armamentarium with which to treat this disease.
Heat-killed Mycobacterium w inhibits growth of myeloid leukemia cells

1865 Cadi-05, a novel poly TLR agonist, poly antigenic vaccine containing heat-killed Mycobacterium w (Mw) has previously been shown to be effective against bladder cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. In the current study, Mw successfully demonstrated growth inhibition of U937, HL60, p210-gfp (32D-bcr-abl transfectant) and NSF-60 myeloid leukemia cell lines in a dose-dependent manner (measured by MTT assay). A dose of >100 million Mw significantly inhibited growth in all these cell types. A combination of Etoposide and Mw increased apoptosis in U937 cells as compared to Etoposide treatment alone (measured by Annexin V staining). Mw treatment of U937 cells induced dose-dependent apoptosis (determined by PARP-cleavage). Furthermore, treatment of NSF-60 cells with GCSF protected against Mw induced cell death (measured by MTT assay). Cadi-05 is currently being examined in a clonogenic assay for normal human myeloid progenitor cells (for cytotoxicity) and acute myeloid leukemia cells from patients (for efficacy). Additional studies are being performed to examine if Mw-induced apoptosis is mediated through TLR in the myeloid leukemia cells.
Careers within Firms: Occupational Mobility Over the Lifecycle

With falling labor market dynamism in the United States, opportunities within firms take on increasing importance in young workers’ career progression. Developing a variety of occupational ranking metrics, I show that occupational mobility within firms follows a standard lifecycle pattern in which the frequency, distance, and wage return from mobility fall with age. However, when upward and downward mobility are considered separately, the distance of moves increases over the lifecycle. Thus, while young workers make the smallest distance occupational moves up and down, they have the largest wage gains and losses associated with these moves. I find that wage growth for young workers deteriorated substantially in the first decade of the 2000s, primarily driven by a reduction in wage growth within firms, whereas mid‐career workers have experienced no such change. I argue this is most likely driven by the dramatic fall in employer‐to‐employer mobility for young workers since the early 2000s. Encouragingly, wage growth has improved markedly for young workers since 2012.
Put safety first

Junior researchers must know how to navigate dangers in the field, says Elizabeth Orr. Junior researchers must know how to navigate dangers in the field, says Elizabeth Orr.
Learning Sensor Location from Signal Strength and Connectivity

Received signal strength (RSS) or connectivity, i.e., whether or not two devices can communicate, are two relatively inexpensive (in terms of device and energy costs) measurements at the receiver that indicate the distance from the transmitter. Such measurements can either be quickly dismissed as too unreliable for localization, or idealized by ignoring the non-circular nature of a transmitter’s coverage area. This chapter finds a middle ground between these two extremes by using measurement-based statistical models to represent the inaccuracies of RSS and connectivity.
A quantitative measure of telepresence

This paper presents the foundation for a theory of presence that seeks to answer important questions about telepresence and virtual presence. The theory, which develops the definition of telepresence to include virtual presence as a special case, permits the precise definition of various types and degrees of telepresence. General categories of telepresence are defined, using different types of presence that are proposed in the paper. Three types of specifications are used to make the definitions more precise: 1 a set of tasks, 2 a transformation imposed on the human operator's control output and sensory input, and 3 a transformation of the region of presence. The proposed quantitative measure of telepresence involves both objective and subjective measures. The degree of objective telepresence is equal to the probability of successfully completing a specified task. The degree of subjective telepresence is equal to the probability that a human operator perceives that he or she is physically present in a given remote environment. The measure of subjective telepresence involves a psychophysical test and is analyzed using signal detection theory. Real-world complications are addressed and a practical example of a subjective telepresence test is described.
Clinical Outcomes and Treatment After Drug-Eluting Stent Failure The Absence of Traditional Risk Factors for In-Stent Restenosis

Background—The optimal percutaneous treatment of drug-eluting stent (DES) in-stent restenosis (ISR) and the correlates for recurrent DES ISR remain unclear. Methods and Results—From 2003 to 2008, 563 patients presenting with recurrent symptoms of ischemia and angiographic ISR after DES implantation were included. Of these, 327 were treated with re-DES (58.1%), 132 underwent vascular brachytherapy (23.4%), and 104 were treated with conventional balloon angioplasty (18.5%). Variables associated with target lesion revascularization at 1 year were explored by individual proportional hazard models. This population presents a high prevalence of comorbidities, including diabetes (43.7%), previous myocardial infarction (MI) (45.8%), coronary bypass graft surgery (39.2%), chronic renal failure (18.8%), and heart failure (17.3%). Baseline clinical characteristics were balanced among the 3 groups; however, patients undergoing vascular brachytherapy presented with more complex lesions and a higher prevalence of prior...
The State of Digital Marketing in Academia: An Examination of Marketing Curriculum’s Response to Digital Disruption:

Recent advances in technology have affected nearly every facet of marketing. However, less is known about the degree to which marketing education has responded to shifting capabilities and practice...
Impact of obesity on operative treatment and inpatient outcomes of paediatric limb fractures.

Aims The aim of this study was to utilize a national paediatric inpatient database to determine whether obesity influences the operative management and inpatient outcomes of paediatric limb fractur...
Revisiting the excitation/inhibition imbalance hypothesis of ASD through a clinical lens

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) currently affects 1 in 59 children, although the aetiology of this disorder remains unknown. Faced with multiple seemingly disparate and noncontiguous neurobiological alterations, Rubenstein and Merzenich hypothesized that imbalances between excitatory and inhibitory neurosignaling (E/I imbalance) underlie ASD. Since this initial statement, there has been a major focus examining this exact topic spanning both clinical and preclinical realms. The purpose of this article is to review the clinical neuroimaging literature surrounding E/I imbalance as an aetiology of ASD. Evidence for E/I imbalance is presented from several complementary clinical techniques including magnetic resonance spectroscopy, magnetoencephalography and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Additionally, two GABAergic potential interventions for ASD, which explicitly attempt to remediate E/I imbalance, are reviewed. The current literature suggests E/I imbalance as a useful framework for discussing the neurobiological etiology of ASD in at least a subset of affected individuals. While not constituting a completely unifying aetiology, E/I imbalance may be relevant as one of several underlying neuropathophysiologies that differentially affect individuals with ASD. Such statements do not diminish the value of the E/I imbalance concept-instead they suggest a possible role for the characterization of E/I imbalance, as well as other underlying neuropathophysiologies, in the biologically-based subtyping of individuals with ASD for potential applications including clinical trial enrichment as well as treatment triage.
Secularism Versus Political Islam: The Case of Tunisia

This chapter explores the unique dynamics of political negotiations and compromises between “secularists” and “Islamists” in Tunisian politics in the post-2011 revolution era. This aspect of post-revolution Tunisia has signified the greatest achievement of an Arab state in the modern era and places Tunisia on a pedestal of non-violent activism to achieve consensus.
A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.

BACKGROUND Strong preclinical evidence suggests that exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP- 1) receptor agonist used for treating type 2 diabetes, is neuroprotective and disease-modifying in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). OBJECTIVE We performed an 18-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of exenatide and explore treatment responses for clinical, cognitive, and biomarker outcomes in early AD. METHOD Eighteen participants with high probability AD based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers completed the entire study prior to its early termination by the sponsor; partial outcomes were available for twentyone. RESULTS Exenatide was safe and well-tolerated, showing an expectedly higher incidence of nausea and decreased appetite compared to placebo and decreasing glucose and GLP-1 during Oral Glucose Tolerance Tests. Exenatide treatment produced no differences or trends compared to placebo for clinical and cognitive measures, MRI cortical thickness and volume, or biomarkers in CSF, plasma, and plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles (EV) except for a reduction of Aβ42 in EVs. CONCLUSION The positive finding of lower EV Aβ42 supports emerging evidence that plasma neuronal EVs provide an effective platform for demonstrating biomarker responses in clinical trials in AD. The study was underpowered due to early termination and therefore we cannot draw any firm conclusions. However, the analysis of secondary outcomes shows no trends in support of the hypothesis that exenatide is diseasemodifying in clinical AD, and lowering EV Aβ42 in and of itself may not improve cognitive outcomes in AD.
Phason velocities in TaS 2 by x-ray diffuse scattering

The diffuse x-ray scattering surrounding satellite reflections caused by charge-density waves has been measured at two different temperatures and analyzed in terms of phason scattering. From this analysis, the phason velocity has been obtained for all directions of propagation.
The immunosuppressive phenotype of tumor-infiltrating neutrophils is associated with obesity in kidney cancer patients

Infiltrating tumor neutrophils and myeloid-derived suppressor cells represent major populations in the tumor microenvironment that contribute to tumor progression. However, the phenotype of circula...
Post-impact flexural collapse modes of composite sandwich structures in Arctic conditions: Analytical prediction and experimental validation

Abstract This study investigates the post-impact flexural collapse modes of Divinycell H-100 PVC foam core with woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) face sheet composite sandwich structure. Effects of low temperature and impact energy on flexural collapse modes are predicted analytically and validated experimentally. Low-velocity impact tests with 4 J and 8 J impact energy are performed at three different temperatures: 23 °C, −30 °C and −70 °C. Impacted specimens subsequently undergo three-point bending test to identify flexural collapse modes. Analytical models portray indentation, core shear and face wrinkling as the main competing failure modes, whereby the dominant mechanism is dependent on pre-existing impact damage, face sheet thickness, environmental temperature and bending configuration. Results reveal that thick face sheet specimens collapse mainly by indentation or core shear. However, thin face sheet specimens display different collapse mechanisms namely core tensile failure and debonding, which are attributed to degraded tensile strength of back face sheet and impact-induced interfacial debonding at extreme low temperature. This work aims to provide fundamental understanding on the relationship of low temperature and failure modes, so as to guide future design of composites for Arctic applications.
The effect of La substitution by Sr- and Ca- in Ni substituted Lanthanum Zirconate pyrochlore catalysts for dry reforming of methane

Abstract La2Zr1.44Ni0.56O7-d (LNZ6), La1.95Ca0.05Zr1.44Ni0.56O7-d (LCNZ6), La1.95Sr0.05Zr1.44Ni0.56O7-d (LSNZ6) catalysts were investigated for DRM reaction to determine the effect of Sr- and Ca- substitution at the La site in Ni substituted Lanthanum Zirconate pyrochlore. XRD confirmed the formation of the pyrochlore phase with Ni substitution. Additionally, NiO and perovskite phases of Ni were detected. XANES and XRD confirmed the reduction of Ni to active Ni0 phase in reduced and spent catalysts. LSNZ6 turned out to be the most active DRM catalyst because of the higher surface Ni content, smaller particle size and high dispersion achieved as observed from XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS elemental mapping and TPR. LSNZ6 exhibited better resistance to sintering with negligible Ni size growth compared to LCNZ6 and LNZ6. Coke formation was inevitable and LSNZ6 showed more carbon formation which suggests carbon deposition correlated directly with activity. However, it had negligible impact on the activity and stability of the catalysts.
Human genes differ by their UV sensitivity estimated through analysis of UV-induced silent mutations in melanoma

We hypothesized that human genes differ by their sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) exposure. We used somatic mutations detected by genome-wide screens in melanoma and reported in the Catalog Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer. As a measure of UV sensitivity, we used the number of silent mutations generated by C>T transitions in pyrimidine dimers of a given transcript divided by the number of potential sites for this type of mutations in the transcript. We found that human genes varied by UV sensitivity by two orders of magnitude. We noted that the melanoma-associated tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A was among the top five most UV-sensitive genes in the human genome. Melanoma driver genes have a higher UV-sensitivity compared with other genes in the human genome. The difference was more prominent for tumor suppressors compared with oncogene. The results of this study suggest that differential sensitivity of human transcripts to UV light may explain melanoma specificity of some driver genes. Practical significance of the study relates to the fact that differences in UV sensitivity among human genes need to be taken into consideration whereas predicting melanoma-associated genes by the number of somatic mutations detected in a given gene.
The Impact of a High-risk Psychosocial Assessment on Outcomes After Durable Mechanical Circulatory Support

Patient adherence is vital to the success of durable mechanical circulatory support (MCS), and the pre-MCS assessment of adherence by the multidisciplinary advanced heart failure team is a critical component of the evaluation. We assessed the impact of a high-risk psychosocial assessment before durable MCS implantations on post-MCS outcomes. Between January 2010 and April 2018, 319 patients underwent durable MCS at our center. We excluded those who died or were transplanted before discharge. The remaining 203 patients were grouped by pre-MCS psychosocial assessment: high-risk (26; 12.8%) versus acceptable risk (177; 87.2%). We compared clinical characteristics, nonadherence, and outcomes between groups. High-risk patients were younger (48 vs. 56; p = 0.006) and more often on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at durable MCS placement (26.9% vs. 9.0%; p = 0.007). These patients had a higher incidence of post-MCS nonadherence including missed clinic appointments, incorrect medication administration, and use of alcohol and illicit drugs. After a mean follow-up of 15.3 months, 100% of high-risk patients had unplanned hospitalizations compared with 76.8% of acceptable-risk patients. Per year, high-risk patients had a median of 2.9 hospitalizations per year vs. 1.2 hospitalizations per year in acceptable-risk patients. While not significant, there were more driveline infections over the follow-up period in high-risk patients (27% vs. 14.7%), deaths (27% vs. 18%), and fewer heart transplants (53.8% vs. 63.8%).The pre-MCS psychosocial assessment is associated with post-MCS evidence of nonadherence and unplanned hospitalizations. Attention to pre-MCS assessment of psychosocial risk factors is essential to optimize durable MCS outcomes.
DDGK: Learning Graph Representations for Deep Divergence Graph Kernels

Can neural networks learn to compare graphs without feature engineering? In this paper, we show that it is possible to learn representations for graph similarity with neither domain knowledge nor supervision (i.e.\ feature engineering or labeled graphs). We propose Deep Divergence Graph Kernels, an unsupervised method for learning representations over graphs that encodes a relaxed notion of graph isomorphism. Our method consists of three parts. First, we learn an encoder for each anchor graph to capture its structure. Second, for each pair of graphs, we train a cross-graph attention network which uses the node representations of an anchor graph to reconstruct another graph. This approach, which we call isomorphism attention, captures how well the representations of one graph can encode another. We use the attention-augmented encoder's predictions to define a divergence score for each pair of graphs. Finally, we construct an embedding space for all graphs using these pair-wise divergence scores. Unlike previous work, much of which relies on 1) supervision, 2) domain specific knowledge (e.g. a reliance on Weisfeiler-Lehman kernels), and 3) known node alignment, our unsupervised method jointly learns node representations, graph representations, and an attention-based alignment between graphs. Our experimental results show that Deep Divergence Graph Kernels can learn an unsupervised alignment between graphs, and that the learned representations achieve competitive results when used as features on a number of challenging graph classification tasks. Furthermore, we illustrate how the learned attention allows insight into the the alignment of sub-structures across graphs.
Psychological Outcomes in Family Members of Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: Does Inter-ICU Transfer Play a Role?

Background Family members of patients admitted to the ICU experience a constellation of sequelae described as postintensive care syndrome-family. The influence that an inter-ICU transfer has on psychological outcomes is unknown. Research Question Is inter-ICU transfer associated with poor psychological outcomes in families of patients with acute respiratory failure? Study Design and Methods Cross-sectional observational study of 82 families of patients admitted to adult ICUs (tertiary hospital). Data included demographics, admission source, and outcomes. Admission source was classified as inter-ICU transfer (n = 39) for patients admitted to the ICU from other hospitals and direct admit (n = 43) for patients admitted from the ED or the operating room of the same hospital. We used quantitative surveys to evaluate psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]) and posttraumatic stress (Post-Traumatic Stress Scale; PTSS) and examined clinical, family, and satisfaction factors associated with psychological outcomes. Results Families of transferred patients travelled longer distances (mean ± SD, 109 ± 106 miles) compared with those of patients directly admitted (mean ± SD, 65 ± 156 miles; P ≤ .0001). Transferred patients predominantly were admitted to the neuro-ICU (64%), had a longer length of stay (direct admits: mean ± SD, 12.7 ± 9.3 days; transferred patients: mean ± SD, 17.6 ± 9.3 days; P Interpretation In this exploratory study, posttraumatic stress measured by the PTSS was higher in the transferred families, but these findings will need to be replicated to infer clinical significance.
Pandemic Fear and Weight Gain: Effects on Overweight and Obese Adults’ Purchasing Exercise Apparel Online

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effect of pandemic fear and weight gain on overweight and obese consumers’ decisions to purchase exercise apparel online based on the th...
Neural Conditional Reweighting

There is a growing use of neural network classifiers as unbinned, high-dimensional (and variable-dimensional) reweighting functions. To date, the focus has been on marginal reweighting, where a subset of features are used for reweighting while all other features are integrated over. There are some situations, though, where it is preferable to condition on auxiliary features instead of marginalizing over them. In this paper, we introduce neural conditional reweighting, which extends neural marginal reweighting to the conditional case. This approach is particularly relevant in high-energy physics experiments for reweighting detector effects conditioned on particle-level truth information. We leverage a custom loss function that not only allows us to achieve neural conditional reweighting through a single training procedure, but also yields sensible interpolation even in the presence of phase space holes. As a specific example, we apply neural conditional reweighting to the energy response of high-energy jets, which could be used to improve the modeling of physics objects in parametrized fast simulation packages.
Domesticating the Exotic? An Online Survey of Attitudes towards the International Wildlife Pet Trade

There are a variety of perspectives on wildlife management and conservation, necessitating interdisciplinary research to develop better management strategies. We answered the call to action provided by Teel et al. (2018) to integrate social sciences into conservation and explored an important but understudied issue: views on the international pet-trade of exotic animals. Some pet owners advocate the pet trade as a means to promote conservation, where removing wild animals from their natural habitat could protect them from degraded environments. To gauge how prevalent this attitude is in a cross-national sample, we conducted an online survey that asked 882 participants worldwide to evaluate the pet trade and its relationship with biological conservation. Overall, our survey results showed regional patterns and indicated that younger respondents were more likely to consider international pet trade as a form of acceptable conservation practice compared to older respondents. Education also played a role in shaping views on the pet-trade and indicated that respondents with higher education degrees were less prone to accept pet trade as a substitute for conservation practices. Our research provides novel insights applicable to education programmes and international conservation efforts while highlighting variation in attitudes even among professionals with formal training in natural sciences and ecology.
Nucleolar maturation of the human small subunit processome.

The human small subunit processome mediates early maturation of the small ribosomal subunit by coupling RNA folding to subsequent RNA cleavage and processing steps. We report the high-resolution cr...
3D Simulation of Suicide Bombing – Using Computers to Save Lives

This paper asks a new question: how, as computer scientists, we can save the lives of the people living in the troubled areas of the world where suicide bombing and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) explosions become routine incidents in daily lives. How we can utilize the power of modeling and simulation and the advantages of agents based simulation to create a virtual environment to run and test the suicide bombing incidents. And to gain valuable insights on geometrical arrangements, and crowd formations and densities to find out the optimum and safest crowd formations. Which when followed will minimize the number of deaths and injuries during a suicide bombing attack. This paper presents the science of suicide bombing under the framework of agent based simulation. It also explains the physics, explosive models, mathematics and the assumptions we need to create such a simulation. The work also describes human shields available in the crowd with partial and full coverage in both 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional environments. A virtual simulation tool has been developed which is capable of assessing the impact of crowd formation patterns and their densities on the magnitude of injury and number of casualties during a suicide bombing attack. Results indicated that the worst crowd formation is street (Zig-Zag) where 30% crowd can be dead and 45% can be injured, given typical explosive carrying capacity of a single suicide bomber. Row wise crowd formations was found to be the best for reducing the effectiveness of an attack with 18% crowd in lethal zone and 38% in injury zones. For a typical suicide bombing attack, we can reduce the number of fatalities by 12%, and the number of injuries by 7% by simply following the recommendations in this paper. Simulation results were compared and validated by the real-life incidents and found to be in good agreement. Line-of-sight with the attacker, rushing towards the exit, and stampede were found to be the most lethal choices both during and after the attack. These findings, although preliminary, may have implications for emergency response and counter terrorism.
Encouraging early preventive dental visits for preschool-aged children enrolled in Medicaid: Using the Extended Parallel Process Model to conduct formative research

Objective: Preventive dental visits for preschool-aged children can result in better oral health outcomes, especially for children from lower income families. Many children, however, still do not see a dentist for preventive visits. This qualitative study examined the potential for the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) to be used to uncover potential antecedents to parents' decisions about seeking preventive dental care. Methods: Seventeen focus groups including 41 parents were conducted. The focus group protocol centered on constructs (perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived response efficacy) of the EPPM. Transcripts were analyzed by three coders who employed closed coding strategies. Results: Parents' perceptions of severity of dental issues were high, particularly regarding negative health and appearance outcomes. Parents perceived susceptibility of their children to dental problems as low, primarily because most children in this study received preventive care, which parents viewed as highly efficacious. Parents' self-efficacy to obtain preventive care for their children was high. However, they were concerned about barriers including lack of dentists, especially dentists who are good with young children. Conclusions: Findings were consistent with EPPM, which suggests this model is a potential tool for understanding parents' decisions about seeking preventive dental care for their young children. Future research should utilize quantitative methods to test this model.
Chain replication for supporting high throughput and availability

Chain replication is a new approach to coordinating clusters of fail-stop storage servers. The approach is intended for supporting large-scale storage services that exhibit high throughput and availability without sacrificing strong consistency guarantees. Besides outlining the chain replication protocols themselves, simulation experiments explore the performance characteristics of a prototype implementation. Throughput, availability, and several object-placement strategies (including schemes based on distributed hash table routing) are discussed.
Information rate via vibro-tactile, two-dimensional "phantom" sensation.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1971.
El sacerdocio de lo insólito

Poemas principales. Jaime Jaramillo Escobar (prologo de Jose Manuel Lucia Megias) Editorial Pre-textos, Madrid / Buenos Aire / Valencia, 2000, 305 pags.
Conventional Terrestrial Reference Frames

Polar motion is the motion of the true celestial pole as defined by the theory of precession and nutation, e.g., of the Celestial Ephemeris Pole (CEP, see Chapter 8), with respect to the pole (third axis) of a conventionally selected earth “fixed” (terrestrial) reference frame (CTS). The latter is usually selected to be near the average position of the CEP taken over a certain time interval and is called the Conventional Terrestrial Pole (CTP). In geodesy both geodetic and astronomic coordinates (latitude and longitude) are referred to the CTS. The terrestrial Cartesian coordinate system thus has its origin at the center of the earth: the first axis is oriented towards the Greenwich Mean Astronomic Meridian of zero longitude, the third axis towards the CTP, and the second axis is perpendicular to both and forms a right-handed coordinate system.
When Change Is Not a Good Thing

Over the past 40 years, our understanding of the epidemiology and natural history of a number of common chronic diseases has been markedly enhanced by serial, nationally representative, cross-sectional surveys such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)2 (1), longitudinal cohorts such as the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study (2), and more disease-specific cohorts including the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) (3) and the Assessment, Serial Evaluation, and Subsequent Sequelae in Acute Kidney Injury (ASSESS-AKI) study (4). Many of these studies have banked biospecimens, which allow tracking of laboratory markers of disease over time. Such stored samples are invaluable resources that can lend insight not only on secular trends in population prevalence of disease but also on how disease appears and evolves over time within a study participant. Both of these require repeated measurements of the same analyte over an extended period of time (years to decades). This seemingly simple concept—repeated measurement of the same analyte over time—can be challenging to implement well. To begin with, the assay method itself may change. For instance, serum creatinine, the most common test to assess kidney function, can be measured using alkaline picrate (“Jaffe method”) or enzymatic assays (5). Even the Jaffe method has been refined over time to better handle interfering substances (6). In addition, there may be drift in the standards used to calibrate the assay, leading to systematic differences. In the case of serum creatinine, the National Kidney Disease Education Program has led efforts over the last decade to standardize testing, including adoption of isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS)-traceable references (7). Thus, calibration of assays performed in different eras may be necessary. Laboratory recalibration via repeat measurement of stored specimens at a later (uniform) point in time assumes stability of the analyte and its concentration …
A Modified Coumarinic Acid-Based Cyclic Prodrug of an Opioid Peptide: Its Enzymatic and Chemical Stability and Cell Permeation Characteristics

Purpose. To evaluate the chemical/enzymatic stability and the cell permeation characteristics of the modified coumarinic acid-based cyclic prodrug 2 of DADLE (H-Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-OH), which has an aldehyde equivalent (oxymethyl) inserted between the phenolic group of the promoiety and the carboxylic acid group of the peptide.
Association of storage and processing functions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the nonhuman primate.

The prominent role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in working memory (WM) is widely acknowledged both in nonhuman primates and in humans. However, less agreement exists on the issue of functional segregation within different subregions of the PFC with regard to the domains of spatial and nonspatial processing or involvement in simpler versus more complex aspects of WM, e.g., maintenance versus processing function. To address these issues, six monkeys were trained to perform four WM tasks that differed with respect to domain (spatial vs nonspatial) and level of WM demand (recall of one vs three items). The delayed response format was used to assess simple one-item memory, whereas self-ordering tasks were used to require the monkey to maintain and organize three items of information within WM. After training, the monkeys received bilateral PFC lesions in one of two different areas, Walker’s areas 9 and 8B (dorsomedial convexity; n = 3) or areas 46 and 8A (dorsolateral cortex, n = 3) and then tested postoperatively on all tasks. Monkeys with lesions of the dorsomedial convexity were not impaired either on spatial or nonspatial WM tasks, whether the task required simple storage or sequential processing. By contrast, lesions of the dorsolateral cortex produced a significant and persistent impairment in both simple and complex spatial WM but no impairment in the two nonspatial WM tasks. These results support a functional segregation within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for WM: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (area 46/8A) is selectively involved in spatial WM, whereas the dorsomedial convexity (area 9/8B) is not critically engaged in either spatial or nonspatial working memory. Furthermore, the specific involvement of area 46/8A in spatial sequencing as well as in single-item storage WM tasks supports, in the nonhuman primate, an areal dissociation based on domain rather than on processing demand.
The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory

The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) is a collaboration between Florida State University, the University of Florida, and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The DC Field Facilities are located at the main campus for the NHMFL in Tallahassee, Florida and are described in this paper. The DC Field Facility has a variety of resistive and superconducting magnets. The DC Field Facility infrastructure, the most powerful in the world, is able to provide 57 MW of continuous low noise DC power. Constant magnetic fields of up to 45 tesla in a 32 mm bore and 20 tesla in 195 mm bore are available at no charge to the user community. The users of the facility are selected by a peer reviewed process. Roughly 400 research groups visit the lab to conduct experiments each year. Experimental capabilities provided by the NHMFL are magneto-optics, millimeter wave spectroscopy, magnetization, dilatometry, specific heat, electrical transport, ultrasound, low to medium resolution NMR, EMR, and materials processing. Measurements of properties can be made on samples at temperatures from 20 mK to 1000 K, pressures from ambient to 10 GPa, orientation and currents from 1 pA to 10 kA.