cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure of a Human Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6 Complex with a Flavonol Inhibitor, Fisetin.

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play a central role in cell cycle control, apoptosis, transcription, and neuronal functions. They are important targets for the design of drugs with antimitotic or antineurodegenerative effects. CDK4 and CDK6 form a subfamily among the CDKs in mammalian cells, as defined by sequence similarities. Compared to CDK2 and CDK5, structural information on CDK4 and CDK6 is sparse. We describe here the crystal structure of human CDK6 in complex with a viral cyclin and a flavonol inhibitor, fisetin. Fisetin binds to the active form of CDK6, forming hydrogen bonds with the side chains of residues in the binding pocket that undergo large conformational changes during CDK activation by cyclin binding. The 4-keto group and the 3-hydroxyl group of fisetin are hydrogen bonded with the backbone in the hinge region between the N-terminal and C-terminal kinase domain, as has been observed for many CDK inhibitors. However, CDK2 and HCK kinase in complex with other flavone inhibitors such as quercetin and flavopiridol showed a different binding mode with the inhibitor rotated by about 180 degrees. The structural information of the CDK6-fisetin complex is correlated with the binding affinities of different flavone inhibitors for CDK6. This complex structure is the first description of an inhibitor complex with a kinase from the CDK4/6 subfamily and can provide a basis for selecting and designing inhibitor compounds with higher affinities and specificities.
Fleeming Jenkin and the origin of species: a reassessment

Early in June of 1867, Charles Darwin turned back the cover of his copy of the respected quarterly North British Review, to find on its opening pages a lengthy essay attacking his theory of natural selection. As with the vast majority of articles in the Victorian periodicals, the review was anonymous, prompting immediate speculation in Darwin's circle as to the author's identity. It was to be about a year-and-a-half before Darwin would learn that the engineer Fleeming Jenkin had written the essay. By then, Darwin had concluded that the critique was the most valuable he had ever read on The Origin of Species.
Europium-Doped Yttrium Silicate Nanophosphors Prepared by Flame Synthesis

Europium-doped yttrium silicate (Y2SiO5:Eu 3+ ) nanophosphors were successfully synthesized byflamespray pyrolysis method. The effect of silicon concentration on the crystal structure and morphology of the Y2SiO5:Eu 3+ phosphors were investigated. Asprepared phosphor consists of spherical nanoparticles with filled morphology, high crystallinity, narrow size distribution, and intense photoluminescence. The crystal structure and photoluminescence intensity of Y2SiO5:Eu 3+ nanophosphors are strongly affected by the ratio of silicon to yttrium in the precursor solution, and the maximum photoluminescence intensity is obtained from particles prepared from the silicon to yttrium ratio of 1.25. A concentration quenching limit is observed at 30 mol% Eu of yttrium. The photoluminescence intensity also increases with the increase of the concentration of precursor solution. This work demonstrates the advantages of flame spray pyrolysis method for the preparation of multi-component nanophosphor, which can be found potential application in lamp and display industries. # 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Concentration Ratios for Flat-Plate Solar Collectors with Adjustable Flat Mirrors

Flat mirrors are frequently used to increase the heat output from flat-plate collectors. They are generally oriented in an east-west direction and are mounted below and/or above the collector panels. The annual performance of a mirror-boosted system can be improved by allowing periodic adjustments of the mirrors alone or of the panel-mirror units. In order to compare different mirror-panel configurations their solar flux concentration ratios are averaged over a yearly period using the solar elevation angle time probability function. AH configurations have the same ratio of mirror area to panel area. In general, it is found that the mirror orientations are more important than the panel orientations. Seasonal adjustments of the mirrors suffice to maintain acceptable values of the concentration and there is relatively little advantage in providing for collector panel adjustments. For year-round collection configurations with semiannual mirror adjustments provide a marked increase in output relative to fixed configurations. A double-mirror system (adjustable trough) provides higher concentrations than a single-mirror system for equal mirror area. Adjustable trough configurations with zero acceptance angle provide higher annual average concentration ratios than those with non-zero acceptance angles.
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for the management of massive amlodipine overdose

A 50-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit with respiratory failure and shock after suffering a massive overdose of amlodipine, lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide. Despite mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, calcium gluconate, hyperinsulinemia-euglycemia therapy, methylene blue and intravenous fat emulsion, the patient's respiratory and hemodynamic status deteriorated. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was initiated to provide cardiopulmonary support in the setting of profound respiratory failure and refractory shock. The patient was placed on ECMO 19 hours after arrival to the hospital, after which vasopressor and ventilatory requirements decreased significantly. The patient was decannulated from ECMO after 8 days and was discharged home after a 56-day hospitalization. Early institution of ECMO should be considered for the management of respiratory failure and refractory shock in the setting of calcium channel blocker overdose when medical therapies are insufficient.
Adaptive notch filtering for the retrieval of sinusoids in noise

In this paper, an adaptive notch filter is developed (employing a frequency domain and time domain analysis) for the enhancement and tracking of sinusoids in additive noise, colored or white. The notch filter is implemented as a constrained infinite impulse response filter with the constraint enforced by a single parameter termed the debiasing parameter. The resulting notch filter requires few parameters, facilitates the formation of the desired band rejection filter response, and also leads to various useful implementations (cascade, parallel). For the adaptation of the filter coefficients, the stochastic Gauss-Newton algorithm is used. The convergence of this updating procedure is established by studying the associated differential equation. Also, it is shown that the structure present in the problem enables truncation of the gradient, thereby reducing the complexity of adapting the filter coefficients. Simulation results are presented to substantiate the analysis, and to demonstrate the potential of the notch filtering technique.
Marcus treatment of endergonic reactions: a commentary

Two forms of the equation for expression of the rate constant for electron transfer through a Marcus-type treatment are discussed. In the first (exergonic) form, the Arrhenius exponential term was replaced by its classical Marcus term; in the second (endergonic) form, the forward rate constant was replaced by the reverse rate constant (the forward rate constant in the exergonic direction), which was expanded to an equivalent Marcus term and multiplied by the equilibrium constant. When the classical Marcus treatment was used, these two forms of the rate equation give identical curves relating the logarithm of the rate constant to the driving force. The Marcus term for the relation between activation free-energy, DeltaG#, reorganization energy, lambda, and driving force, DeltaG(o), derived from parabolas for the reactant and product states, was identical when starting from exergonic or endergonic parabolas. Moser and colleagues introduced a quantum mechanical correction factor to the Marcus term in order to fit experimental data. When the same correction factor was applied in the treatment for the endergonic direction by Page and colleagues, a different curve was obtained from that found with the exergonic form. We show that the difference resulted from an algebraic error in development of the endergonic equation.
Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis YafD with Resistance to Chicken Egg Albumen

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a major cause of food-borne diseases in industrialized countries. The incidence of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis infections has increased substantially in recent decades, and S. enterica serovar Enteritidis is now one of the leading serovars of Salmonella in the United States. A unique epidemiological characteristic of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis is its association with chicken shell eggs, since approximately 80% of all human gastrointestinal diseases can be traced to contaminated egg products. Eggs are contaminated when bacteria from reproductive tissues of infected hens are packaged into the eggs and persist inside the hostile egg albumen environment. Therefore, resistance to egg albumen is an important aspect in the transmission of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis. We identified a gene, yafD from S. enterica serovar Enteritidis, whose overexpression conferred upon S. enterica serovar Typhimurium enhanced resistance to egg albumen, while disruption of this gene in S. enterica serovar Enteritidis rendered the organism more susceptible to egg albumen. YafD is homologous to members of an exonuclease-endonuclease-phosphatase family, including some enzymes involved in DNA repair. Furthermore, we discovered that egg albumen has nuclease activities and uses both circular and linear DNA as substrates. We propose that YafD provides a survival advantage to S. enterica serovar Enteritidis in eggs by repairing DNA damage caused by egg albumen and that it may be one of the biologic determinants that contribute to the epidemiological association of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis with egg products.
Smooth pursuit in schizophrenia: Abnormalities of open‐ and closed‐loop responses

A sample of 29 schizophrenia patients and 27 nonpsychiatric subjects were tested on measures of open- and closed-loop smooth-pursuit performance. Rashbass step-ramps were used to measure pursuit latency and open-loop gain. Regular ramps were used to calculate frequency and amplitude of both catch-up saccades and square-wave jerks, frequency of anticipatory saccades, and steady-state gain. Schizophrenia patients demonstrated lower open-loop gain than did nonpsychiatric subjects, an effect that was accentuated at faster target velocities. They also showed reduced steady-state gain, but only to 30 degrees/s right-moving targets. There was no evidence of saccadic abnormalities during smooth pursuit among the schizophrenia patients. These patients generated fewer square-wave jerks than did nonpsychiatric subjects for 10 degrees /s left-moving targets. These results suggest an abnormality of smooth-pursuit initiation among patients with schizophrenia.
Comparative DNA microarray analysis of host cell transcriptional responses to infection by Coxiella burnetii or Chlamydia trachomatis.

Abstract: DNA microarray analysis was conducted to investigate the transcriptional responses of the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 to infection by Chlamydia trachomatis or Coxiella burnetii. RNA was isolated from mock infected cells and cells infected for 36 hours using TRIzol reagent. Biotinylated probes synthesized from RNA samples were hybridized to an Affymetrix U133A human genome chip consisting of 18,462 human gene probe sets. A total of 335 and 548 THP-1 genes were up- or downregulated at least twofold in cells infected with C. burnetii or C. trachomatis, respectively, when compared to uninfected cells. There was a high degree of overlap in transcriptional responses to infection with shared responses observed for 39 downregulated and 189 upregulated genes. Numerous pathogen-specific transcriptional responses were also observed. Quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting confirmed up- or down-regulation of a subset of THP-1 genes in response to infection by C. burnetii. This study provides insight into the host transcriptional responses to infection by Chlamydia and Coxiella that may affect the infectious cycle of each organism.
Percutaneous management of Morel-Lavallee lesions.

Background: Previous recommendations for treatment of Morel-Lavallee soft-tissue degloving lesions have included open debridement with packing or delayed closure. The purpose of this study was to review the use of percutaneous drainage for the initial management of these lesions. Methods: Nineteen patients with a Morel-Lavallee lesion were managed with percutaneous drainage and debridement of the lesion within three days after the injury. Drainage was usually completed through two 2-cm incisions: one over the distal aspect of the lesion and one over the most superior and posterior extent of the lesion. A plastic brush was used to debride the injured fatty tissue, which was washed from the wound with pulsed lavage. A medium Hemovac drain was placed within the lesion and was removed when drainage was <30 mL over twenty-four hours. Results: Fifteen of the nineteen patients had surgery for an associated pelvic or acetabular fracture. Seven of the nine patients in whom a pelvic fracture was treated surgically had percutaneous fixation of the posterior part of the pelvic ring as well as treatment of the Morel-Lavallee lesion during the same operative setting. Fixation of the remaining two pelvic fractures and the six acetabular fractures was deferred until at least twenty-four hours after the drain was removed. Three of sixteen cultures of specimens taken from the wounds were positive. None of the patients with percutaneous fixation of the pelvis had wound complications. One wound required surgical exploration because of persistent drainage, but the culture was negative and the wound healed with no sequelae. No patient required debridement of skin and, at a minimum of six months, no deep infection had occurred. Conclusions: Early percutaneous drainage with debridement, irrigation, and suction drainage for the treatment of Morel-Lavallee lesions appears to be safe and effective. Percutaneous procedures for pelvic fixation were well tolerated by the small number of patients in this series, and open procedures appeared to be safe when performed in a delayed fashion. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Agile manufacturing: A framework for research and development

Agile manufacturing (AM) is a new concept in manufacturing intended to improve the competitiveness of "rms. Manufacturing processes based on AM are characterized by customer}supplier integrated process for product design, manufacturing, marketing, and support services. This needs decision-making at functional knowledge levels, stable unit costs, #exible manufacturing, easy access to integrated data, and modular production facilities. Agile manufacturing requires enriching of the customer, co-operating with competitors, organizing to manage change, uncertainty and complexity, and leveraging people and information. In the recent years, a number of research papers have been published in the area of AM. However, a framework for the development of AM has not received due attention from both researchers and practitioners. Realizing the importance of agile manufacturing in the 21st century manufacturing competitiveness, an attempt has been made in this paper to review the literature available on AM with the objective to: (i) identify key strategies and techniques of AM, (ii) suggest some future research directions and (iii) develop a framework for the development of agile manufacturing systems (AMSs) along four key dimensions which include strategies, technologies, systems and people. ( 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Virtual Cinematography: Relighting through Computation

Recording how scenes transform incident illumination into radiant light is an active topic in computational photography. Such techniques are making it possible to create virtual images of a person or place from new viewpoints and in any form of illumination. Some of the most interesting virtual relighting applications are in the area of filmmaking. A small crew could capture a real-world location to use it as a virtual film set, and the production's cinematographer could light the set virtually. Then, actors filmed in a studio could he composited into the virtual set, their lighting being virtually created to make them appear to reflect the light of the environment and further shaped by the cinematographer for dramatic effect
In vitro biotransformation of an arsenosugar by mouse anaerobic cecal microflora and cecal tissue as examined using IC-ICP-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS

This investigation examined chemical and microbiological transformations of an arsenosugar by mouse cecum. To mimic the low oxygen environment in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, reaction mixtures were incubated under anaerobic conditions. An arsenosugar extracted from ribbon kelp, 3-[5′-deoxy-5-(dimethylarsinoyl)-β-ribofuranosyloxy]-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, As(392), was added to reaction mixtures that contained either cecal microflora or cecal tissue homogenate. These reaction mixtures were incubated at 0 or 37 °C for up to 48 hours to monitor biotransformation of the arsenosugar. Analysis of the reaction mixtures by IC-ICP-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS indicated that the arsenosugar was converted primarily (95%) to its sulfur analog in less than 1 h at 37 °C. Conversion of As(392) to its sulfur analog was much slower at 0 °C (21% conversion after 48 h). In reaction mixtures with cecal tissue homogenate, conversion of As(392) to its sulfur analog was slower (77% conversion after 48 h at 37 °C). A good mass balance was found in all reaction mixtures between the amount of arsenosugar added and the sum of all detected arsenic-containing products. LC-ESI-MS/MS spectra of the sulfur-containing arsenosugar formed in all reaction mixtures containing cecal microflora compared well with those of a synthetic standard. These results suggest that the anaerobic microflora of the gastrointestinal tract can rapidly convert ingested arsenosugars to sulfur analogs. This biotransformation may affect the subsequent absorption, metabolism, and disposition of arsenic present in arsenosugars.
An Examination of Color-Blind Racism and Race-Related Stress among African American Undergraduate Students.

This study examined the role of color-blind racial ideology among a sample of 152 African American undergraduate students in relation to race-related stress. We hypothesized that those who endorsed...
Prevalence of beryllium sensitization among aluminium smelter workers

Background Beryllium exposure occurs in aluminium smelters from natural contamination of bauxite, the principal source of aluminium. Aims To characterize beryllium exposure in aluminium smelters and determine the prevalence rate of beryllium sensitization (BeS) among aluminium smelter workers. Methods A population of 3185 workers from nine aluminium smelters owned by four different aluminium-producing companies were determined to have significant beryllium exposure. Of these, 1932 workers participated in medical surveillance programmes that included the serum beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT), confirmation of sensitization by at least two abnormal BeLPT test results and further evaluation for chronic beryllium disease in workers with BeS. Results Personal beryllium samples obtained from the nine aluminium smelters showed a range of <0.01–13.00 μg/m3 time-weighted average with an arithmetic mean of 0.25 μg/m3 and geometric mean of 0.06 μg/m3. Nine workers were diagnosed with BeS (prevalence rate of 0.47%, 95% confidence interval = 0.21–0.88%). Conclusions BeS can occur in aluminium smelter workers through natural beryllium contamination of the bauxite and further concentration during the refining and smelting processes. Exposure levels to beryllium observed in aluminium smelters are similar to those seen in other industries that utilize beryllium. However, compared with beryllium-exposed workers in other industries, the rate of BeS among aluminium smelter workers appears lower. This lower observed rate may be related to a more soluble form of beryllium found in the aluminium smelting work environment as well as the consistent use of respiratory protection.
Assessment of density functionals, semiempirical methods, and SCC-DFTB for protonated creatinine geometries

Creatinine concentrations in blood and urine can be used to detect renal insufficiencies and muscle diseases, but current chemical sensors cannot measure creatinine with sufficient selectivity and robustness because they lack a receptor that binds protonated creatinine (creatininium) selectively enough. As a first step toward identifying potential receptors for creatininium, we examine the accuracy of density functional theory (DFT) and wave function theory (WFT) calculations for creatininium cation geometries, evaluated against reference parameters from experiment. We tested twenty-one local and nonlocal density functionals, Hartree-Fock theory, four semiempirical molecular orbital (SEMO) methods of the neglect of differential overlap (NDO) type, and one self-consistent-field nonorthogonal tight-binding method (SCC-DFTB) as implemented in two closely related software packages. DFT and HF calculations were carried out with the MG3S augmented polarized triple-zeta basis set. We find that DFT significantly outperforms SEMO methods for our dataset, and both SCC-DFTB releases we tested (which gave almost identical results) were less accurate than 81% of the density functionals evaluated. The top five functionals for the creatininium structures we examined were MPW1B95, PBEh, mPW1PW, SVWN5, and B97-2, with MMUEs in bond length of 0.0126 A, 0.0129 A, 0.0133 A, 0.0142 A, and 0.0144 A respectively, which indicates that all five functionals are similarly suitable for creatininium. The popular B3LYP functional has a MMUE of 0.0178 A, which ranks it 16(th) overall. B3LYP also performs less favorably than the best local functional (SVWN5), which is less expensive.
Tukey Quick Test: Examples

A distribution-free test of the equivalence of two population medians. Because of its ease of computation, it is sometimes known as Tukey's Quick Test. Keywords: median; two-sample Test
Critical Dynamics in He3 – He4 Mixtures

A phenomenological model for the critical dynamics of 3He – He4 mixtures is studied in the tricritical region and along the lambda line for T > Tλ. Calculations are done to first order in e = 4-d since our predictions begin to deviate from mean field theory below four dimensions. At the tricritical point, the mass diffusion constant, D, varies with the inverse correlation length as KX where x = e/3 + θ(e2) in disagreement with previous mode coupling theories. The crossover scaling functions from the tricritical to critical regions are calculated for all the singular transport and kinetic coefficients in our model. A suitably defined effective exponent is found to vary non-monotonically in the crossover regime. Although our results are consistent with present experiments, at the tricritical point our model suffers from ambiguities similar to those discussed by Halperin, Hohenberg and Ma for their model C.
Effect of Acute Bouts of High Intensity Exercise in Hot and Cold Environments on Autophagy, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Proteins in Neutrophils

Moderate exercise has been shown to increase the body's immune cells and their activity. Circulating blood neutrophils (NEUTs) play an important role in being the first respondents of the innate im...
Abstract W P125: Telephone versus In-person Psychosocial Behavioral Treatment in Post-Stroke Depression

Background: We previously showed that a brief psychosocial behavioral intervention delivered in-person by advanced practice nurses was effective in reducing post-stroke depression (PSD). Purpose: This randomized clinical trial compared a shortened (6 week) intervention by telephone or in-person to usual care in volunteers within 4 months of an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: 100 stroke survivors who screened positive for depression (Geriatric Depression Score >11) were randomized to usual care (UC), telephone intervention (TI), or in-person intervention (IPI). Primary outcomes were percent reduction in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at 8 weeks, 21 weeks and 12 months following study entry. Outcome assessors were masked to randomization status. Results: All three groups had similar depression scores at baseline (HDRS mean 18 for UC and TI, 19 for IPI). The mean percent reduction in HDRS scores for telephone and in-person groups was 42% and 40% immediately following the intervention at 8 weeks compared to a 30% reduction in the usual care group. However the difference only trended toward significance, controlling for age, with older age associated with better response (p = 0.31). There was a greater early reduction in depression in the UC group than in our previous work (30% HDRS reduction vs 18% at 8 weeks). By 21 weeks and 12 months following entry there was no significant difference between groups in HDRS reduction (40% UC, 40% TI, 39% IPI and 37% UC, 42% TI and 44% IPI, respectively). Conclusions: A brief psychosocial intervention for PSD reduced depression somewhat more than usual care (p=.31) right after treatment but the difference between groups was even less at 21 weeks and one year following entry. The reduction in depression was slightly smaller than in our earlier study for the intervention groups, and the usual care group improved more. The comparability of telephone and in-person follow-up and treatment for depression is important given mandated post-hospital follow-up for comprehensive stroke centers. The improved response to brief therapy for older participants suggests tailoring of care to provide individualized follow-up.
Thrombosis in Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a disorder associated with hemolysis, pancytopenia, and thrombosis due to the loss of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored complement regulatory proteins. The mechanism of thrombosis is multifactorial. Although intravascular hemolysis has been implicated as the etiology, the effect of complement on GPI anchor-deficient platelets, granulocytes, monocytes, and endothelial cells contributes significantly to the risk of thrombosis. Moreover, there appears to be an underlying inflammatory state that is linked to hemostatic activation that may induce thrombosis through a pathway independent of hemolysis.
DIAZIRIDINES PART 2, THE ADDITION OF DIAZIRIDINES TO ELECTROPHILIC ACETYLENES

Diaziridine (I) reagieren mit Dibenzoylacetylen (II) unter Ringspaltung zu den Butendionen (III), die unabhangig aus den Hydrazonen (IV) erhalten werden.
Analysis and Design of a Mobile, Actively-Balanced Ballbot for Integration into Human Environments

The development of a smaller, cheaper, and more robust class of mobile robots is the next step toward the integration of robots into human environments. To address this challenge, a scaled prototype of a ballbot (a mobile robot actively balanced on a sphere) was designed and built to investigate its various design requirements and performance limitations. The current design includes a body mounted on the rubber inner-core of a volleyball, which is actuated in two axes. Wheels powered by two 34.7 W DC motors drive the ball in an inverse trackball configuration. Since the weight of the robot sits atop a sphere, the system acts as a dual-axis inverted-pendulum. An inertial measurement unit (IMU) provides measurements of the tilt of the body to a microcontroller, which then implements a control algorithm to determine the motor speed necessary to dynamically stabilize the robot. A motor controller conveys this input to the motors via pulse-width modulation. Testing was developed to (a) qualitatively display stability, (b) determine the experimental proportional power relationship necessary to recover from varying tilt, and (c) discern the limiting factors in the design. The testing succeeded in providing a proof of concept as the robot did remain stable for 4±2 s. Furthermore, quantitative testing at varying initial tilts determined a linear relationship between power and tilt angle. Limiting components of the design included drifting readings from the IMU, a simple control algorithm that prevented long-term stability, losses and inconsistencies in the drive train, and a minimum voltage output from the motor controller preventing control at small angles. These lessons learned in phase one of design and construction have helped to set future goals for the project including the integration of a filter(s) or an attitude and heading reference system (AHRS) to reduce error in tilt angle readings, the substitution of a more sensitive motor controller, and the optimization of the drive system to minimize losses; all of which would facilitate the development of a more sophisticated control algorithm and pave the way for the integration of actively-balanced robots into human environments.
Flame Spectra of a Turbulent Liquid-Fueled Swirl-Stabilized LDI Combustor

of the air flow rate, the equivalence ratio, preheat temperature, and pressure. Procedures for determination of the instantaneous heat release rate and the instantaneous equivalence ratio along the flame front are developed. For both combustion instability and forced flame responses, the errors between measurements and estimation are within 2.0% for the mean heat release rate, the mean air consumption rate, and the mean equivalence ratio. The assumption that chemiluminescence is proportional to the instantaneous heat releaser rate is generally invalid. Probably the proportionality is valid only in the weakly turbulent or wrinkled flamelet region in the absence of equivalence ratio variations and strong acoustic oscillations. For forced flame responses under fuel modulations, the gain difference between the heat release rate and CH * chemiluminescence can be more than 20%, and the phase difference can be more than 90 o above 400 Hz. For self-excited combustion instability, the phase difference can be more than 10 o , while the gain difference can be up to 20%. Nomenclature
The reverse flow temporal artery island flap.

The recent expansion of knowledge of the skin’s vascular anatomy and the accurate description of skin vascular territories permit the reconstructive surgeon to design new flaps which previously had been thought doomed to an ischemic death. The reverse flow temporal artery island flap utilizes these advances and introduces a new concept of collateral flow into an axial vessel supplying a flap.
Ideas to Advance Thermoelectric Materials Development

In light of the conflict between energy shortage and increasing energy demand,a secure energy future needs solutions that come from a diverse energy portfolio. Thermoelectrics,which could convert waste heat to electrical power,is an important clean and renewable energy technology,especially considering the fact that more than half of the energy input is lost as waste heat. The development of thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit( ZT) is needed to increase the efficiency of heat-electricity conversion,which involves multivariate optimizations to achieve low thermal conductivity,high Seebeck coefficient and high electrical conductivity simultaneously. In this short report,I will discuss the new ideas that have advanced the development of thermoelectric materials during the last two decades.
What do playing the trombone, becoming a comedian and teaching in executive education programs have in common? (Reflections from decades of bad jokes and wrong notes)

Repertoire: –a stock of plays, dances, or pieces that a company or a performer knows or is prepared to perform.–the whole body of items that are regularly performed.–a stock of skills or types of behavior that a person habitually uses.https://www.google.com/#q=definition+of+repertoireAssessing the impact of teaching on student learning is an educational enterprise that has been going on for many years. Less common, however, is the evaluation of the impact of teaching on the instructor. That is, how does increasing teaching experience both in terms of the number of years doing it and the diversity of teaching experiences improve teaching? This is, of course, an empirical question. This paper focuses on one type of teaching experience and its overall contribution to improving instruction in public administration and policy. I draw from experience in short-term, non-degree teaching in executive programs (EEs). These programs are aimed at middle-level or senior government officials and may be as short as one ...
Phase II Study of Gemtuzumab Ozogamycin (GO) and Cytarabine (ARA-C) in Patients with High Risk MDS and AML..

To evaluate the efficacy of GO + ara-c in high risk pts, we treated 22 pts with MDS (10) and AML (12) with cytarabine 100 mg/m 2 /d x 7 d and GO 9 mg/m 2 x 1 on d 4. Pts with MDS were eligible if they had [1] RAEB-1 and either hgb 3 , neutrophils 3 , or cytogenetics other than 5q-, 20q-, -y, or normal, [2] RAEB-2, or [3] CMML. Pts with AML (newly diagnosed or relapsed) were eligible if they were ineligible for anthracycline-based therapy (poor performance status: 2 pts; low ejection fraction or high cumulative dose of anthracyclines: 6 pts, both reasons: 4 pts). The median age was 66, M:12, F:10. Diagnoses: RAEB-1: 4, RAEB-2: 5, CMML: 1, AML, newly dx’d: 7, AML relapsed: 5. Cytogenetics were high risk: 10, intermediate risk: 11 pts, low risk: 1 pt. Overall, 18% had a complete response (CR) after one cycle of therapy. Three pts (14%) had a partial response (PR), of which one had a CR after a second course of therapy. Of the pts with AML: CR: 2/12, PR: 2/12, Failure (F): 5/12, Toxic Death (TD): 3/12. For pts with MDS: CR: 2/10, PR: 1/10, F: 5/10, TD: 2/10. Toxicities included neutropenic fever/sepsis, mucositis, diarrhea, increased LFTs, hemorrhage. One pt with a history of ABVD and RT to chest for HD developed direct pulmonary toxicity due to chemotherapy (diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, biopsy proven toxic lung damage). Although overall response rate is modest, some pts had remarkable responses: One pt with RAEB-1, transfusion dependent and multiple high risk cytogenetics (−5, −7, multiple others) remains in CR (including cytogenetic CR) 7 months post treatment. A second pt with RAEB-1, transfusion dependent and multiple high risk cytogenetics (−5, −7, multiple others) had a PR after one course, but was unable to receive further chemotherapy due to toxicity. The latter pts suggest that this regimen should be studied further in pts with MDS, poor risk cytogenetics and low blast counts.
Black Leaders on Leadership: Conversations with Julian Bond. By Phyllis Leffler

Historian Phyllis Leffler has compiled a uniquely valuable compendium of the insights that the late Julian Bond elicited in his recorded interviews with fifty influential black Americans. A foundin...
Kaplearning and Awareness

As Pinker earlier mentioned: "We often try to understand problems by taking apart and studying their constituent parts. But emergent problems can’t be understood this way. Emergent systems are ones in which many different elements interact. The pattern of interaction then produces a new element that is greater than the sum of the parts, which then exercises a top-down influence on the constituent elements. Emergent systems are bottom-up and top-down simultaneously. They have to be studied differently, as wholes and as nested networks of relationships.”
Improving Spatial Coordination Rates under the Agglomeration Bonus Scheme: A Laboratory Experiment with a Pecuniary and a Non-Pecuniary Mechanism (NUDGE)

The Agglomeration Bonus is a Payment for Ecosystem Services scheme that focuses on achieving spatially-coordinated land use across neighboring, privately-owned agricultural properties. In this article, I use a laboratory experiment to examine the role of two mechanisms in incentivizing spatially-coordinated land uses under the Agglomeration Bonus scheme on a geographical landscape resembling a local circular network. The first mechanism is pecuniary in format and varies the payoffs associated with coordination, while the second is a non-pecuniary mechanism that varies the amount of information participants have about the land use choices of other participants, specifically of those from another community. The payoff variation is implemented as a within-subject treatment and the information treatment in a between-subject format. The results indicate that the coordination rates are higher if payments associated with coordination are higher. Also, having information about outcomes of the Agglomeration Bonus scheme from another community improves spatial coordination rates in both communities.
Spherically Symmetric Potentials: Radial Equation

Now that we have studied angular momentum, it is an easy matter to obtain a solution of the Schrodinger equation for spherically symmetric potentials V (r). I will look at bound state solutions of Schrodinger’s equation for the infinite spherical well potential, the finite spherical well potential, the Coulomb potential (hydrogen atom) and the isotropic, 3-D harmonic oscillator potential. Among these, the Coulomb potential is undoubtedly the most important, since the solution of the Coulomb problem was one of the major triumphs of quantum mechanics.
Pólya frequency functions and sequences

The highly important totally positive kernels of the form K(x, y) = f(x−y) where x, y traverse the real line (or the integers), Schoenberg called Polya frequency (PF) functions (sequences). The two prime examples of PF functions are the normal function $$ f\left( u \right) = {e^{ - \gamma {u^2}}} $$ (1) where γ is a positive parameter, and the (truncated) exponential function $$ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {f\left( u \right) = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {{e^{ - \lambda {\text{u}}}}}&{amp;u0} \\ 0&{amp;u 0} \end{array}} \right. $$ (2) where λ is a free positive parameter. In a remarkable series of papers, Schoenberg (see his review paper (1953) [48*]) set the basis of the theory of Polya frequency functions, and established the fundamental representation theorems. Earlier works of Polya, Laguerre and Schur aided these developments; their concern was the approximation of functions by polynomials with only real zeros.
The Chaotic Long-term X-ray Variability of 4U 1705-44

The low-mass X-ray binary 4U1705-44 exhibits dramatic long-term X-ray time variability with a timescale of several hundred days. The All-Sky Monitor (ASM) aboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) and the Japanese Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) aboard the International Space Station together have continuously observed the source from December 1995 through May 2014. The combined ASM-MAXI data provide a continuous time series over fifty times the length of the timescale of interest. Topological analysis can help us identify fingerprints in the phase-space of a system unique to its equations of motion. The Birman-Williams theorem postulates that if such fingerprints are the same between two systems, then their equations of motion must be closely related. The phase-space embedding of the source light curve shows a strong resemblance to the double-welled nonlinear Duffing oscillator. We explore a range of parameters for which the Duffing oscillator closely mirrors the time evolution of 4U1705-44. We extract low period, unstable periodic orbits from the 4U1705-44 and Duffing time series and compare their topological information. The Duffing and 4U1705-44 topological properties are identical, providing strong evidence that they share the same underlying template. This suggests that we can look to the Duffing equation to help guide the development of a physical model to describe the long-term X-ray variability of this and other similarly behaved X-ray binary systems.
Revisiting a Criminological Classic: The Cycle of Violence:

There is a growing “replication crisis” in the social and behavioral sciences, where original research across a wide array of substantive areas has failed to replicate when conducted by others. Thi...
Neutrons evaluate connection between cellular water dynamics and cancer cell behaviors

As scientists and physicians search for new ways to study and understand cancer cells, one approach suggests the movement of water molecules located in these cells could potentially predict the pro...
Smart Contracts and Blockchains: Steroid for Collusion?

What is a smart contract? What is a blockchain? After an intuitive introduction to these technologies, I discuss the implications smart contracts and the blockchain technology have on collusion.
Soil Texture Estimates: A Tool to Compare Texture-by-Feel and Lab Data

Soil texture is a fundamental soil property that impacts agricultural and engineering land-use. Comparing texture estimates-by-feel to laboratory-known values to calibrate fingers is a common practice. As educators, it is difficult to assess this field skill consistently and fairly. The instructor may give full credit for the correct texture class and partial credit for adjoining classes. This works well if the sample is near the center of a class, but not so well if it is near a class boundary. This article describes a computer program methodology using simple trigonometric principles to accurately assess student performance for estimating particle-size distribution (PSD) and soil textural classes. The concept is to plot the estimated PSD and the actual PSD on a texture triangle, calculate the distance between the two points using the scale along any side of the triangle (100 units), and subtract that distance from 100 to obtain a score. If the estimate coincides exactly with laboratory results, the score is 100%. If the estimate and laboratory results are as far apart as possible, at opposite corners of the texture triangle, the score is zero. Other scores are based on the distance between points representing the estimate and the actual on a texture triangle in relation to the length of one side of the triangle. The texture estimator provides a quantitative, consistent, and easy-to-use method of assessing students' performance. Additionally, this program allows students to observe the errors in estimates, which provides a further educational benefit.
CHAPTER 4-5 – COUPLING BETWEEN PROTONS AND OTHER NUCLEI 1803

Publisher Summary Spin–spin coupling between protons and fluorine exhibits more variety than interproton coupling, particularly with regard to long-range coupling and theoretical implications. Although the amount of data available is considerably smaller than the results on interproton coupling, the proton–fluorine coupling constants could provide at least as much structural information as interproton coupling constants. A tabular presentation for most of the information pertinent to the solution of structural problems in presented in this chapter. The chapter illustrates proton–fluorine coupling constants, proton–phosphorus coupling constants, spin–spin coupling, and coupling between 1H and 31P. Because of variable valence states, phosphorus compounds exhibit considerable ranges in coupling constants to protons removed by the same number of bonds. The chapter further presents some of the typical values of spin–spin coupling constants for some elements.
Surgical Universal euGlycemic Attainment during Recovery (SUGAR) Initiative.

252Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are infections of the surgical incision or organ space within 30 days of surgery and are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditures. Diabetic patients undergoing laparotomy are at high risk. Prior studies have shown SSI reduction by avoiding hyperglycemia. The aim of our Quality Improvement (QI) initiative is to reduce the SSI rate among diabetic patients undergoing laparotomy by 40% within 2 years compared to the baseline (2/2015-8/2017) rate of 16%. Methods: We formed a multi-disciplinary QI team including physicians, nurses and advanced care providers from Gynecologic Oncology, Pharmacy, Nutrition, Endocrinology, Internal Medicine and Anesthesiology. The intervention began 2/2018 in our main center and 5 satellite sites including: screening gynecologic cancer patients undergoing laparotomy with hemoglobin A1C, intra-operative glucose monitoring with goal of < 180mg/dL, creation and use of a standardized basal-bolus insulin or...
Uses of Physiological Monitoring in Intelligent Learning Environments: A Review of Research, Evidence, and Technologies

Two of the most important benefits of using computer-based learning environments are that (1) they allow for interactive learning experiences and (2) it becomes possible to assess learning at a fine level of granularity based on learner actions, choices, and performance. Using these assessments, modern systems can deliver tailored pedagogical interventions, such as through feedback or adjustment of problem difficulty, in order to enhance learning. To magnify their power to promote learning, researchers have also sought to capture additional information, such as physiological data, to make even finer-grained and nuanced pedagogical decisions. A wide range of technologies have been explored, such as depth-sensing cameras (e.g., Kinect), electrodermal activity (EDA) sensors, electroencephalography (EEG), posture/seat detectors, eye- and head-tracking cameras, and mouse-pressure sensors, among many others. This chapter provides an overview and examples of how these techniques have been used by educational technology researchers. We focus on how these additional inputs can improve technology-based pedagogical decision-making to support cognitive (i.e., knowledge and information processing), affective (i.e., emotions, including motivational factors), and metacognitive (i.e., attention and self-regulatory behaviors) aspects of learning. Though not a comprehensive review, we take a selective look at classic and recent developments in this area. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of emerging topics and key open questions related to the use of physiological tracking in the context of education and learning with technology.
Abstract # 3095 Anxiety, pro-inflammatory Cytokines, and RAGE-associated S100A8/A9 levels in breast cancer patients

Introduction The link between anxiety and breast cancer outcomes has recently been a topic of interest in behavioral medicine, and threat-associated distress states may be associated with increased inflammation, which is relevant for breast cancer recurrence. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between post-surgical anxiety levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1- β , IL-6, and TNF- α , and ligands associated with the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). Activation of RAGE can trigger pathways that promote inflammation. To date, no studies have linked anxiety with RAGE ligands in breast cancer patients. Method Stage 0-III breast cancer patients (ages 32–69) were recruited 2–10 weeks post-surgery and interviewed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA) and provided blood samples before initiating adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation. Results Using linear regression, we found that after controlling for treatment condition, age, stage, body mass index (BMI), time since surgery, and type of surgery, anxiety severity related to significantly greater levels of S100A8/A9 (p = .035) and IL-1- β (p = .022), and marginally with IL-6 (p =.077) and TNF- α (p = .051). Conclusion Anxiety may relate to markers of inflammation in breast cancer patients at an early point in their treatment. Because inflammatory processes may increase odds of metastasis, addressing anxiety early in the post-surgical period may have future health effects in breast cancer patients.