cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterization of UVC Light Sensitivity of Vaccinia Virus

Interest in airborne smallpox transmission has been renewed because of concerns regarding the potential use of smallpox virus as a biothreat agent. Air disinfection via upper-room 254-nm germicidal UV (UVC) light in public buildings may reduce the impact of primary agent releases, prevent secondary airborne transmission, and be effective prior to the time when public health authorities are aware of a smallpox outbreak. We characterized the susceptibility of vaccinia virus aerosols, as a surrogate for smallpox, to UVC light by using a benchtop, one-pass aerosol chamber. We evaluated virus susceptibility to UVC doses ranging from 0.1 to 3.2 J/m2, three relative humidity (RH) levels (20%, 60%, and 80%), and suspensions of virus in either water or synthetic respiratory fluid. Dose-response plots show that vaccinia virus susceptibility increased with decreasing RH. These plots also show a significant nonlinear component and a poor fit when using a first-order decay model but show a reasonable fit when we assume that virus susceptibility follows a log-normal distribution. The overall effects of RH (P < 0.0001) and the suspending medium (P = 0.014) were statistically significant. When controlling for the suspending medium, the RH remained a significant factor (P < 0.0001) and the effect of the suspending medium was significant overall (P < 0.0001) after controlling for RH. Virus susceptibility did not appear to be a function of virus particle size. This work provides an essential scientific basis for the design of effective upper-room UVC installations for the prevention of airborne infection transmission of smallpox virus by characterizing the susceptibility of an important orthopoxvirus to UVC exposure.
On robustness of a class of Cyber-Physical Network Infrastructures

A number of networked infrastructure systems rely on both cyber and physical components for their continued operation. We present graph models for a class of such systems, wherein both cyber and physical parts must be made robust, possibly using different methods at different costs. We present methods for ensuring that the system survives, with specified probability PS, cyber and physical degradations due to natural, incidental, or intentional factors. Based on first and second order statistics of the profiles of passive degradations, we present methods to compute the robustness levels needed to ensure PS. Then, we consider the case of intentional compromises, where cost profiles of the provider and compromiser are known to various extents. We present a game-theoretic formulation based on provider and disrupter cost and benefit functions, and their mutual knowledge. We present strategies and performance boundaries of these formulations in ensuring PS under utility functions that are sums of terms corresponding to infrastructure survival and cyber-physical costs.
A Targetable Androgen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Subtype Hidden Among the Triple-Negative Cancers

Context.— Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subgroup of breast cancers that by definition lack expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor rece...
Flowering Phenology in Relation to Adaptive Radiation

The role of flowering phenology in ecological diversification is poorly understood, even though this variable may be an important determinant of fitness. While flowering schedules are readily evolvable, they also seem to be under phylogenetic constraint. I ask whether phenological change is a partner to adaptive radiation. Using examples from island and continental lineages, I show that habitat diversifications are not necessarily coupled with phenological change, whereas shifts in pollinator typically are so coupled. It all depends on whether alteration in flowering time is required to invade new habitats or exploit new pollinators. The coupling of ecological and temporal shifts is most evident in the evolution of autopolyploids. Stasis in the flowering times of some lineages more likely is due to stabilizing selection than to genetic constraints.
Toward carbon based quantum electronics: Quantum transport in graphene heterojunctions

Electron transport in graphene has attracted intense research interest due to its exotic quantum transport behavior discovered in this system in the relation to the device applications beyond CMOS operation. In this presentation, we will discuss ballistic charge transport and quantum carrier collimation in graphene, both of which appear even at room temperature. In addition, we will discuss electronic transport measurements in patterned locally gated graphene nanoconstrictions with tunable transmission and bipolar heterojunctions. We observe various unusual transport phenomena, such as energy gap formation in confined graphene structures, and quantum interference of collimated electron waves which promise novel electronic device applications based on graphitic carbon nanostructures.
The stability and reproducibility of Tris buffers in synthetic seawater

Abstract The equimolal Tris buffer (0.04 mol/kg-H 2 O Tris + 0.04 mol/kg-H 2 O Tris-HCl) prepared in synthetic seawater of salinity 35 has been shown to be stable when sealed in a borosilicate glass bottle with a greased ground-glass stopper (drift rate ≤ 0.0005 in pH per year). The error in pH of such buffers resulting from uncertainties in the preparation of such buffers is typically less than 0.002 in pH (relative to the results of DelValls and Dickson, 1998 [DelValls, T.A., Dickson, A.G., 1998. The pH of buffers based on 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol (‘tris’) in synthetic sea water. Deep-Sea Research I, 45, 1541–1554]).
Understanding Tokenism: Antecedents and Consequences of a Psychological Climate of Gender Inequity

Extending tokenism theory, the authors investigate psychological climate of gender inequity as a way to understand how token women experience their work environments. In the first study, responses from a sample of 155 women across varied occupations confirm the expectation that token women tend to perceive their organizational climates to be inequitable for women. The results of a second survey of 196 female managers suggest that the subjective processes of tokenism give rise to inequitable climate perceptions. Finally, the responses of 312 women in the construction industry indicate that the climate of gender inequity is related to job attitudes and behaviors.
Sucrose and Warmth for Analgesia in Healthy Newborns: An RCT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Increasing data suggest that neonatal pain has long-term consequences. Nonpharmacologic techniques (sucrose taste, pacifier suckling, breastfeeding) are effective and now widely used to combat minor neonatal pain. This study examined the analgesic effect of sucrose combined with radiant warmth compared with the taste of sucrose alone during a painful procedure in healthy full-term newborns. METHODS: A randomized, controlled trial included 29 healthy, full-term newborns born at the University of Chicago Hospital. Both groups of infants were given 1.0 mL of 25% sucrose solution 2 minutes before the vaccination, and 1 group additionally was given radiant warmth from an infant warmer before the vaccination. We assessed pain by comparing differences in cry, grimace, heart rate variability (ie, respiratory sinus arrhythmia), and heart rate between the groups. RESULTS: The sucrose plus warmer group cried and grimaced for 50% less time after the vaccination than the sucrose alone group ( P P CONCLUSIONS: The combination of sucrose and radiant warmth is an effective analgesic in newborns and reduces pain better than sucrose alone. The ready availability of this practical nonpharmacologic technique has the potential to reduce the burden of newborn pain.
Heterogeneous solution NMR signal amplification by reversible exchange.

A novel variant of an iridium-based organometallic catalyst was synthesized and used to enhance the NMR signals of pyridine in a heterogeneous phase by immobilization on polymer microbead solid supports. Upon administration of parahydrogen (pH2) gas to a methanol mixture containing the HET-SABRE catalyst particles and the pyridine, up to fivefold enhancements were observed in the (1)H NMR spectra after sample transfer to high field (9.4 T). Importantly, enhancements were not due to any residual catalyst molecules in solution, thus supporting the true heterogeneity of the SABRE process. Further significant improvements may be expected by systematic optimization of experimental parameters. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalyst is easy to separate and recycle, thus opening a door to future potential applications varying from spectroscopic studies of catalysis, to imaging metabolites in the body without concern of contamination from expensive and potentially toxic metal catalysts or accompanying organic molecules.
Platinum(II) Olefin Hydroarylation Catalysts: Tuning Selectivity for the anti‐Markovnikov Product

Pt(II) complexes containing unsymmetrical (pyridyl)pyrrolide ligands are shown to catalyze the hydroarylation of unactivated alkenes with selectivity for the anti-Markovnikov product. Substitution on the pyrrolide portion of the ligand allows effective tuning of the selectivity to anti-Markovnikov alkylarene products, whereas substitution on the pyridyl portion can promote competitive alkenylarene production.
Structure of the HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Protein Bound to the SL3 Ψ-RNA Recognition Element

The three-dimensional structure of the human immunodeficiency virus–type 1 (HIV-1) nucleocapsid protein (NC) bound to the SL3 stem-loop recognition element of the genomic Ψ RNA packaging signal has been determined by heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Tight binding (dissociation constant, ∼100 nM) is mediated by specific interactions between the amino- and carboxyl-terminal CCHC-type zinc knuckles of the NC protein and the G7 and G9 nucleotide bases, respectively, of the G6-G7-A8-G9 RNA tetraloop. A8 packs against the amino-terminal knuckle and forms a hydrogen bond with conserved Arg32, and residues Lys3 to Arg10 of NC form a 310helix that binds to the major groove of the RNA stem and also packs against the amino-terminal zinc knuckle. The structure provides insights into the mechanism of viral genome recognition, explains extensive amino acid conservation within NC, and serves as a basis for the development of inhibitors designed to interfere with genome encapsidation.
The Econometrics of Learning in Financial-Markets

Keywords: Econometric Theory Note: Times Cited: 7 Reference SFI-PB-ARTICLE-1995-003 URL: ://A1995QL93000007 Record created on 2008-03-12, modified on 2017-05-12
Children’s spirituality: Conceptual understanding of developmental transformation.

Children’s spirituality is a dimension of human functioning not well addressed in the professional literature. This article provides an overview of the primary conceptual issues related to the spirituality of children and the role this understanding brings to practice for counselors working with children. A working definition of children’s spirituality is prescribed and followed by a discussion of relational/cultural theory, relational consciousness, and transpersonal experiences for children. Voices of children are also included to add clarity and concreteness to the conceptual ideas of spirituality that are presented. Lastly, the importance of knowledge about children’s spirituality and its contribution to counseling practice is described.
Using a Video Camera-Based Method to Gather Real World High Beam Usage Data

The majority of traffic fatalities involving pedestrians occur at night and this is largely attributed to low illumination conditions. Yet, drivers tend to underuse their high beams despite the visibility benefits afforded to them. In the present study we report high beam usage rates during an open-road drive using a video camera-based method. Measurements of low and high beam headlamp illuminance were also taken for all vehicles used in this study. The results indicate that drivers, on average, used their high beams 48% of the time possible. Furthermore, there was a moderately negative relationship between low beam output and high beam use indicating that drivers whose low beams produced less illumination tended to use their high beams more often. Future research should empirically investigate this relationship to lend further insight into the mechanism by which beam output influences beam usage. Research that improves our understanding of drivers’ knowledge and use of high beams is likely to be important as headlighting technologies continue to advance.
Reforming the Taxation of Derivatives – An Overview

This brief essay outlines three benchmarks for evaluating alternative ways of taxing capital income, summarizes anticipatory, retroactive, and accrual-based proposals for reforming the taxation of derivatives, and offers guidelines for evaluating more limited reforms. It is intended as an introduction to key concepts, tensions, and ideas for reforming the taxation of financial instruments.
The Myanmar Elections 2015: Why the National League for Democracy Won a Landslide Victory

ABSTRACTOn November 8 the vast majority of Myanmar's citizens participated in what official observers – international and domestic – widely hailed as the most genuinely competitive, free, fair, and orderly parliamentary elections in the nation since 1990. Yet the poll, which resulted in a resounding victory for the National League for Democracy (NLD), surprised many observers, who expected that members of the ruling party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP), would have done better through widely anticipated vote-rigging and manipulation of the results. Right up to a few days before the vote, observers were concerned about the possibility of a cancellation of the election as a result of politically motivated violence or, in the event they went ahead, administrative chaos resulting from errors in voters’ registration information and large-scale vote-rigging and manipulation by the ruling party. These fears were well-founded given that only 3 weeks prior to the elections, the government's Unio...
The impacts of local arts agencies on community placemaking and heritage tourism

ABSTRACTThe arts and culture have been shown to foster economic development by attracting workers and businesses in the knowledge industry, spurring tourism, and improving the housing market. However, beyond financial capital, they significantly impact other forms of capital in the community, as well. The Community Capital Framework (CCF) is an analytical tool widely used to observe and critique the relationships among various types of community assets: social, human, financial, creative, built, natural, and political. This study used the CCF to assess the impacts of community-based arts centers on their communities, particularly on heritage tourism. The results demonstrated effects on social, environmental, and business assets, primarily in the financial, social, cultural, and human capitals. The results can be used by community leaders as a starting point when discussing the costs and benefits of investing in a new local arts agency.
SPORE SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF HAWAIIAN ACACIA RUST FUNGI

Certain spore states of rust fungi on endemic Acacia spp. in Hawaii are typified by pedicellate spores with reticulate wall ornamentation and a series of equatorial germ pores. These spore states include aeciospores and urediniospores of the macrocyclic form of Uro? myces digitatus, aeciospores of U. koae, and teliospores of Endoraecium acaciae and E. hawaiiense. Reticulate spores of this type are apparently rare among the rusts. Spore orna? mentation of the Hawaiian rusts is similar to that found on other Acacia rusts in Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, and Japan. The similarity of morphology and host may indicate a close phylogenetic relationship among these forms. There are four distinct rusts on endemic Acacia spp. in Hawaii: three en? demic? Uromyces koae Arth., Endoraecium acaciae Hodges & Gardner, and E. hawaiiense Hodges & Gardner?and one, Uromyces digitatus Wint. [=U. phyl? lodiorum (B. & Br.) McAlp.], believed to be indigenous (5). An endemic micro? cyclic variant of U. digitatus also occurs in Hawaii (5). We consider the endemic rust species to be closely related to one another (as are the endemic Acacia hosts themselves) and probably to have evolved from U. digitatus. There is evidence that divergent evolution among these fungi is still in progress (5). Cummins and Hiratsuka (2) placed U. digitatus, U. koae, and U bicinctus McAlp. in the recently revived genus Atelocauda (see 5). More recently, Ono (13) determined that U. hyalospora Sawada did not belong in Uromyces and placed this species in Atelocauda for the present. However, because of dissimilarities in life cycles and host genera of the species now included in Atelocauda, Ono sug? gested the need for more detailed study of this genus. We have chosen to retain the original binomials here to provide continuity with our previous studies (4, 5). The native Hawaiian Acacia rusts recognized thus far are unusual in that the aecial and the uredinial states (where the latter exist) of each species are charac? terized by spores with walls that are closely and strongly reticulate and have several prominent equatorial germ pores. The aecial state of each species is uredinoid. These common features suggest a close relationship between the Hawaiian species and U. hyalospora, U. bicinctus, and Uromycladium spp., which are in? digenous to Australia and Taiwan (5). Reticulate aeciospores or urediniospores ofthe type found among the Hawaiian Acacia rusts are apparently rare. Littlefield and Heath (10) classified aeciospore ornamentation into four types based on their verrucose or echinulate processes. Urediniospores, with few exceptions, were classified as echinulate. The exceptional
A Technique for Integration by Parts

(1983). A Technique for Integration by Parts. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 90, No. 3, pp. 210-211.
Construction of Agricultural Information Service Platform in Jilin Province

This paper has analyzed the current situation of agricultural information service platform construction in Province,as well as the technological principles of platform composition,platform construction,and put forward the focal points in the construction in the future.
SAMOS air-sea fluxes: 2005–2014

Bulk turbulent heat and momentum fluxes are derived using 1-minute interval data collected by the Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) initiative. The fluxes are provided along cruise track lines for individual research vessels (RVs) and are derived using three widely accepted air-sea flux algorithms. SAMOS data collected by 19 RVs between 2005 and 2014 are used to create the dataset. The data are concentrated in the oceans around North America, but select data are available from most ocean basins.
Development of Sulfonamide Photoaffinity Inhibitors for Probing Cellular γ-Secretase

γ-Secretase is a multiprotein complex that catalyzes intramembrane proteolysis associated with Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Here, we have developed potent sulfonamide clickable photoaffinity probes that target γ-secretase in vitro and in cells by incorporating various photoreactive groups and walking the clickable alkyne handle to different positions around the molecule. We found that benzophenone is preferred over diazirine as a photoreactive group within the sulfonamide scaffold for labeling γ-secretase. Intriguingly, the placement of the alkyne at different positions has little effect on probe potency but has a significant impact on the efficiency of labeling of γ-secretase. Moreover, the optimized clickable photoprobe, 163-BP3, was utilized as a cellular probe to effectively assess the target engagement of inhibitors with γ-secretase in primary neuronal cells. In addition, biotinylated 163-BP3 probes were developed and used to capture the native γ-secretase complex in the 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dime...
Spies Among Us: Baltimore, Germs, Black Tom, and Kingsland (1916–1917)

While the initial focus of the German espionage attempts was in New York, von Papen, Boy-Ed, Rintelen, and their associates did not limit themselves just to the nation’s largest port. Other ports, like New Orleans and San Francisco, were also targeted and agents recruited in and sent to those places for sabotage activities. However, the other main hub of German spy activity was much closer to the home of the German Embassy—Baltimore.
Creative Disobedience: Feminism, Islam, and Revolution in Egypt

This chapter is a reflection on the intersections between feminism, Islam, and revolution over time into the open-ended present. It argues that a revolution in Egypt capable of realizing a truly democratic state and society must include a full-fledged feminist revolution in order to dismantle patriarchal structures and practices inimical to the creation of an egalitarian state and society. The chapter argues that integral to this feminist revolution—and its success in leading to a democratic future for Egypt—is moving from a patriarchal to an egalitarian understanding and practice of Islam. It points to the longue duree of feminism and revolution—feminism as public activism was born and reborn in revolution—and of religious unity—defiantly asserted and reasserted—as part of revolutionary practice in Egypt.
Climatic conditions and human mortality: spatial and regional variation in the United States

Previous research on climatic conditions and human mortality in the United States has three gaps: largely ignoring social conditions, lack of nationwide focus, and overlooking potential spatial variations. Our goal is to understand whether climatic conditions contribute to mortality after considering social conditions and to investigate whether spatial non-stationarity exists in these factors. Applying geographically weighted regression to a unique nationwide county-level dataset, we found that (1) net of other factors, average July temperatures are positively (detrimentally) associated with mortality while January temperatures mainly have a curvilinear relationship, (2) the mortality-climatic condition associations are spatially non-stationary, (3) the relationships between social conditions (e.g., social capital) and mortality are stable geographically, and (4) without a spatial approach to understanding the environment-mortality relationship, important spatial variations are overlooked. Our findings suggest that a universal approach to coping with the relationships between rapid climate changes and health may not be appropriate and effective.
Unusual presentations of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in homosexual males

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), defined by the Center for Disease Control as the presence of either Kaposi’s sarcoma or opportunistic infection in a high-risk individual such as a homosexual male, Haitian, drug abuser, or hemophiliac [1], reached epidemic levels in certain areas of the United States in 1981. Doll and List [2] and Ziegler [3] described the first cases of lymphomas occurring in immunosuppressed homosexual males. By 1983, it became apparent that this population had a greater than expected incidence of central nervous system (NCS) lymphoma and, consequently, the presence of primary CNS lymphoma was incorporated into the definition of AIDS [1]. Since 1980, we have seen 15 homosexual males with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, six of whom had CNS involvement.
Techniques and Outcomes of Percutaneous Aortic Paravalvular Leak Closure.

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study is to provide a summary of the currently applied aortic paravalvular leak (PVL) closure techniques and describe the procedural and long-term outcomes in a large consecutive cohort of patients. Background Percutaneous repair has emerged as an effective therapy for patients with PVL. To date, clinical outcome data on percutaneous closure of aortic PVL are limited. Methods All patients who underwent catheter-based treatment of aortic PVL between 2006 and 2015 were identified. Procedural and short-term results were assessed. Patients were contacted for clinical events and symptoms. Results Eighty-six procedures were performed in 80 patients. The mean age was 68 ± 15 years, and 70% were men. The primary indications for PVL closure were symptoms of heart failure, hemolysis, and both in 83%, 5%, and 12%, respectively. Successful device deployment was accomplished in 94 defects (90%). Reduction in PVL to mild or less was achieved in 62% of patients. In-hospital major adverse events occurred in 8% of procedures. Symptomatic improvement at 30 days was achieved in 64% of patients. Patients who had reduction in the PVL grade to mild or less experienced more improvement in New York Heart Association functional class (from 2.93 ± 0.62 to 1.72 ± 0.73) compared with those with mild or greater residual leak (from 3.03 ± 0.57 to 2.52 ± 0.74) (p Conclusions Percutaneous reduction of aortic PVL is associated with durable symptom relief and lower rates of repeat cardiac surgery. The magnitude of benefit is greatest with PVL reduction to a grade of mild or less. Therefore, attempts should be made to reduce PVL as much as possible.
Risk Factors for Arterial Ischemic Stroke

Risk factors in 212 children (54% male; median age 5 years) presenting with a first arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) over 22 years were studied at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
Reconfiguración de la relación entre el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y el derecho nacional sobre la base del principio de subsidiariedad

This article argues that the principle of subsidiarity is a solid concept to understand the relationship between International Human Rights Law and domestic law. Subsidiarity allows overcoming the insufficiencies of the theories of monism and dualism in the understanding of this relationship, since it is a principle with enough flexibility to mediate the inherent tension that comes from the existence of universal human rights norms, and the validity of principles such as the sovereignty of States and the right to constitutional self-determination. This article holds that State’s freedom to determine the extent of human rights protection at the national level depends on the degree of protection to human dignity recognized by the law of treaties.
Measuring Regularity of Individual Travel Patterns

Regularity is an important property of individual travel behavior, and the ability to measure it enables advances in behavior modeling, mobility prediction, and customer analytics. In this paper, we propose a methodology to measure travel behavior regularity based on the order in which trips or activities are organized. We represent individuals’ travel over multiple days as sequences of “travel events”—discrete and repeatable behavior units explicitly defined based on the research question and the available data. We then present a metric of regularity based on entropy rate, which is sensitive to both the frequency of travel events and the order in which they occur. The methodology is demonstrated using a large sample of pseudonymised transit smart card transaction records from London, U.K. The entropy rate is estimated with a procedure based on the Burrows-Wheeler transform. The results confirm that the order of travel events is an essential component of regularity in travel behavior. They also demonstrate that the proposed measure of regularity captures both conventional patterns and atypical routine patterns that are regular but not matched to the 9-to-5 working day or working week. Unlike existing measures of regularity, our approach is agnostic to calendar definitions and makes no assumptions regarding periodicity of travel behavior. The proposed methodology is flexible and can be adapted to study other aspects of individual mobility using different data sources.
Medical marijuana for the treatment of vismodegib-related muscle spasm

Author(s): Yuan, Joyce T; Tello, Tiffany L; Hultman, Carter; Barker, Christopher A; Arron, Sarah T; Yom, Sue S
Crossover Effects of Protective Behavioural Strategies for Drinking on Gambling Consequences Among College Gamblers With Alcohol or Drug Abuse

Protective behavioural strategies (PBS) for drinking are behaviours that individuals engage in to reduce the amount they drink and drinking-related consequences. To date, little is known about associations that PBS might have with other risky behaviours that frequently coincide with drinking, such as gambling. The goal of this study was to examine the associations between three subscales of the Protective Behavioral Strategies Scale (PBSS) and gambling consequences in a college sample of gamblers who also met criteria for alcohol or drug abuse. We hypothesized that engaging in more drinking PBS would be associated with lower levels of gambling consequences. A sample of 316 students (55% female) completed an online survey and met criteria for problematic gambling behaviour (3 or more on the South Oaks Gambling Screen and 1 or more consequences on the Gambling Problem Index). Those endorsing a higher score on the Serious Harm Reduction subscale (but not the Stopping or Limiting Drinking or Manner of Drinking subscales) showed a lower level of lifetime gambling consequences, suggesting a crossover effect. Strategies to reduce serious harm represent a treatment target that could potentially reduce negative consequences associated with both drinking and gambling. Resume Les personnes aux prises avec des problemes d’abus d’alcool adoptent des strategies comportementales de protection pour reduire leur consommation et ses consequences. A ce jour, on sait peu de choses sur les possibles associations entre ces comportements et d’autres comportements a risque qui coincident souvent avec l’abus d’alcool, comme le jeu. L’objectif de cette etude etait d’examiner les associations entre trois sous-echelles de strategies comportementales et les consequences du jeu a l’aide d’un echantillon de joueurs universitaires qui repondaient egalement aux criteres de consommation abusive d’alcool/de drogue. On a emis l’hypothese que le fait d’adopter des strategies comportementales a l’egard de la consommation d’alcool diminuerait l’importance des consequences relatives au jeu. Un echantillon de 316 etudiants sondes en ligne (55 % de femmes) a repondu aux criteres de comportement de jeu problematique (3 criteres ou plus sur le South Oaks Gambling Screen [SOGC] et une ou plusieurs consequences sur l’Indice de jeu excessif [PGSI]). Les personnes qui entrent dans des sous-echelles de reduction importante des mefaits (mais pas les sous-echelles d’arret ou de limitation de consommation ou de mode de consommation) ont montre, au fil du temps, une diminution des effets du jeu, ce qui laisse croire a un certain effet de croisement. On aborde dans cet article la portee de cette analyse sur la prevention et l’intervention.
Benign Biliary Diseases

The standard endoscopic therapy for benign biliary disease has been plastic stent insertion. For biliary leaks, a single stent will suffice in over 90% of instances with a single treatment session. Postoperative strictures and strictures due to chronic pancreatitis have a higher failure rate and have led to the use of multiple stents which are placed in a sequential fashion on the premise that the radial diameter achieved will result in less restricturing but at the cost of more procedures. The increased radial diameter of self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) has led to their use in instances where plastic stents have failed. Uncovered SEMS (uSEMS) had some initial success reported, but over time, occlusion due to mucosal hyperplasia and extraction difficulties became more of a problem. This has led to stent redesign with a covering membrane to prevent ingrowth and the hyperplastic reaction and to improve the removability of the device and offset the increased cost by reduction of the number of procedures needed to reach a therapeutic endpoint. The mechanical properties of these new devices are highly variable and may lead to problems such as spontaneous migration, new stricture formation, and imbedding into the duodenal wall. Almost all of the data available to date consists of case series, and no prospective, randomized, controlled trials comparing multiple plastic stents to covered stents have been reported. The current recommendation is that plastic stents should be the first line of therapy and that SEMS be considered for failure of primary treatment.
Determinants and the Levi-Civita Symbol

I have been looking forward to writing this chapter because we now get to use the machinery we have been constructing. And to what great effect! Tensor calculus is a fantastic language for determinants. The subject of determinants is beautiful and is too often obfuscated by cumbersome notation. Even some of the most fundamental properties of determinants can be difficult to follow without tensor notation. If you ever found the proof that the determinant of a product equals the product of determinants less than satisfying, you will find your satisfaction in this chapter.
Propagation of Magnolia virginiana ‘Santa Rosa’ by Semi-Hardwood Cuttings

Abstract Terminal, semi-hardwood cuttings (tips of first-order laterals) of Magnolia virginiana L. ‘Santa Rosa’ (‘Santa Rosa’ sweetbay) were collected on November 13, 1997, and treated with 0, 6, 12 or 25 mM (0.0, 0.13, 0.25 or 0.5%) indolebutyric acid (IBA) in factorial combination with equivalent mM concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.0, 0.11, 0.23 or 0.46%). Rooting was maximized (83%) for cuttings treated with 25 mM (0.5%) IBA alone. Percent rooting for treatments of NAA alone or in combination with IBA never exceeded that of IBA alone at 12 or 25 mM (0.25% or 0.5%). Root number and root length were unaffected by any treatment with means of 2.4 roots and 10 cm (4 in), respectively.
The VRehab System: A Low-Cost Mobile Virtual Reality System for Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation for Medically Underserved Populations

Stroke disparities are widespread in both developed and underdeveloped countries, with a disproportionate burden placed on individuals who live in rural areas, those of lower socioeconomic status, and those with inadequate or absent medical insurance. Underserved individuals are often unable to access post-stroke rehabilitation services due to their high out-of-pocket costs, difficulty with transportation, and/or the lack of stroke rehabilitation providers in their geographical area. After a stroke, patients exhibit upper limb problems, such as hemiparesis, hemiplegia, loss of sensation, pain and spasticity, and ataxia. Although it is recommended that patients undergo physical rehabilitation for limb impairments, patients with moderate to severe impairments do respond well to conventional physical therapy programs, are less likely to regain upper limb function, and consume substantial hospital and clinic resources, compared to stroke patients with mild to moderate upper limb impairments. These issues have motivated researchers to develop Virtual Reality (VR) applications that have the potential to combat the distinctive challenges that medically underserved stroke patients' face. In this project, we introduce the VRehab system: a low-cost, portable, flexible, and interactive VR system for stroke rehabilitation. VR system user expectations were examined via online survey, while walkthrough and semi-structured interviews were conducted to evaluate the usability of the VRehab system. Overall, the results of the online survey (n = 73) indicated that individuals thought that a VR system should be priced between $100-300, take no more than 10 minutes to set up, and contain sports content. Usability testing revealed that while the system was quick and easy to setup, and featured engaging game content, further refinement was required in order to enhance the usability and acceptability of the platform for users. Future directions for research are discussed including clinical trials in which the effectiveness of the VRehab system to improve upper limb motor function in medically underserved stroke patients is examined.
Research on Equipment State Management Mode Based on "League System"

Under the background of the decline in the hours of operation of thermal power generation equipment, based on Internet technology, a new mode of equipment state management, which integrates equipment responsibility to personnel, continuous tracking and updating of equipment status, and integration of test analysis and processing, A new idea of equipment maintenance for technology sharing, data sharing, and experience sharing has been realized. It has realized the orientation control of the daily work of the professional technicians of power generation enterprises, and at the same time, the equipment status tracking based on the equipment status is further exploration for the field of state maintenance.
Virtual arthroplasty follow-up: five-year data from a district general hospital.

Introduction Follow-up after hip and knee arthroplasty is advocated to identify asymptomatic loosening and improve patient satisfaction. There are, however, financial and time implications associat...
Patient satisfaction survey scores are not an appropriate metric to differentiate performance among anesthesiologists.

Abstract Study objective With the focus of patient-centered care in healthcare organizations, patient satisfaction plays an increasingly important role in healthcare quality measurement. We sought to determine whether an automated patient satisfaction survey could be effectively used to identify outlying anesthesiologists. Design Retrospective Observational Study. Setting Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC). Measurements Patient satisfaction data were obtained between October 24, 2016 and November 1, 2017. A multivariable ordered probit regression was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the mean scores of responses to Likert-scale questions on SurveyVitals' Anesthesia Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire 2. Fixed effects included demographics, clinical variables, providers and surgeons. Hypothesis tests to compare each individual anesthesiologist with the median-performing anesthesiologist were conducted. Main results We analyzed 10,528 surveys, with a 49.5% overall response rate. Younger patient (odds ratio (OR) 1.011 [per year of age]; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.008 to 1.014; p Conclusions Patient satisfaction is impacted by multiple factors. There was very little information in patient satisfaction scores to discriminate the providers, after adjusting for confounding. While patient satisfaction scores may facilitate identification of extreme outliers among anesthesiologists, there is no evidence that this metric is useful for the routine evaluation of individual provider performance.
Political Hashtags & the Lost Art of Democratic Discourse

In this work, we investigate whether and how the presence of political hashtags in social media news articles influences the way people discuss news content. Specifically, we examine how political hashtags in news posts act as a design characteristic that affects the quality of online discourse. We use a randomized control experiment to assess how the presence versus absence of political hashtags (particularly the most prevalently used #MeToo and #BlackLivesMatter) in social media news posts shapes discourse across a general audience (n=3205). Key findings show differences in topical focus, emotional tone of discourse, and rhetorical styles between commenters who were shown news posts with political hashtags versus those shown news posts without the hashtags. Compared to the control group, those shown hashtagged news posts heavily focus on the politics of the hashtag, use more words associated with fear, anger, and disgust in their comments, and exhibit black-and-white rhetoric and less emotionally temperate expressions in their arguments.
Dynamic symmetry: a history and analysis

We discuss a number of the mathematical ideas behind Dynamic Symmetry, an approach to design championed by Jay Hambidge and popular in the 1920s and 1930s. We discuss Hambidge's interest in the geo...
El mito quinqui. Memoria y represión de las culturas juveniles en la transición postfranquista

This work starts from an initial image –the quinqui room as a historical room– to propose the study of the quinquillero phenomenon in a complex dialectic between mythology, historicity and memory. I confront the current return of the quinqui in relation to the emergencies of the supposed historical quinquis in the archive of the seventies. That this is a problematic confrontation. My work is organized in two stages. First, it is about deconstructing “the quinqui myth”, analyzing its characteristics and reasons both in its current construction, as a quinqui return, and in its historical emergence. And then it comes to thinking about what this myth prevents us from seeing, what political and historical reasons it serves, and what experiences and subjects it makes invisible.
Emotion and the Discourse of Judging

Emotion typically is both banished from legal discourse about judging and presumed to be absent within the discourse of judging. This chapter pushes against that tide. It explores scholarly theory about the actual and proper role of emotion in judging, and plumbs evidence that emerges from the artifacts of judging, such as written decisions, media reports, and personal accounts.
Effects of affective arousal on risky sexual decision-making in US emerging adult college students

Affect has been linked to risky sexual decision-making and may be particularly important for college students. Research has overlooked the role of affective arousal, rather focusing exclusively on ...
Standards, Reputational Costs and Market Share: Empirical Evidence from the Credit Rating Industry

We examine the joint effect of average default risk and uncertainty on behavior of rating agencies. We find when average default risk rises in the economy standards weaken but a simultaneous increase in uncertainty’ causes the standards to tighten more. The net effect is the documented conservatism in ratings. A trade-off between short term gains in market share and long term costs to reputation provides a consistent explanation for these findings.
James M. Buchanan and “The Human Resource”

This paper describes James M. Buchanan’s analysis of human capital concepts in a class paper that he wrote in 1946 titled “Federalism: One Barrier to Labor Mobility.” The paper described how federal financing of human capital investments impeded labor mobility and formed the basis for his 1948 dissertation Fiscal Equity in a Federal State. Buchanan saw the various types of human capital as “complex and interrelated,” and therefore not easily amenable to partial equilibrium analysis. Similar to his professor, Theodore Schultz, Buchanan believed there was ample scope for public investment in human capital and did not see conceptualizing education and health as “capital” as a reason for relying exclusively on privatized provision. In “Federalism: One Barrier to Labor Mobility,” Buchanan also argues that differential birth rates in low- and high-income regions had dysgenic consequences by operating against the relative population increase of “a socio-economic elite” that had “eugenic advantage” compared to “the bulk of the population” (Buchanan, 1946, 9). These eugenicist arguments raise important questions about the relationship between early human capital theory and eugenics, and cast a new light on Buchanan’s early scholarship and career.
Adsorption of organophosphate nerve agent VX on the (101) surface of anatase titanium dioxide

Abstract We quantify the adsorption of the organophosphate venomous agent X (VX) on the clean and hydroxylated (101) surfaces of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results show that adsorption on the clean anatase (101) surface occurs through the VX phosphoryl oxygen (O P) site and involves the formation of a Ti · · · O P dative bond. Steric effects inhibit adsorption through the VX nitrogen and sulfur sites by the formation of Ti · · · N and Ti · · · S dative bonds. On the hydroxylated (101) surface, adsorption similarly proceeds through the VX phosphoryl oxygen site but entails the formation of surface–adsorbate hydrogen bonds. Additionally, weak non-covalent interactions between the surface hydroxyl groups and the adsorbate’s nitrogen and sulfur atoms stabilize VX/(101) complexes formed by adsorption through these secondary sites. The energies of VX/(101) adsorption through the phosphoryl oxygen site are –19.4 and –11.3 kcal mol − 1 on the clean and hydroxylated surfaces, respectively.
QCD corrections to triboson production

We present a computation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of three $Z$ bosons at the Large Hadron Collider. We calculate these corrections using a completely numerical method that combines sector decomposition to extract infrared singularities with contour deformation of the Feynman parameter integrals to avoid internal loop thresholds. The NLO QCD corrections to $pp\ensuremath{\rightarrow}ZZZ$ are approximately 50% and are badly underestimated by the leading order scale dependence. However, the kinematic dependence of the corrections is minimal in phase space regions accessible at leading order.
The Regulation of Tumor Morphology in Crown Gall

Crown-gall tumors in higher plants are caused by the soil bacterium A grobacterium tumefaciens [25]. The response of plants to A grobacterium infection can vary from small swellings to large tumor masses, and in some cases tumor development includes the formation of supernumerary roots or shoots [for a review see 12]. Variation in tumor response has been shown to depend on both the strain of A grobacterium and the inherent reactivity of the host [10].
Epithelial sentinels or protozoan parasites?: Studies on isolated rodlet cells on the 100th anniversary of an enigma

Las celulas "rodlet" son un tipo celular poco usual que se encuentra exclusivamente en peces teleosteos. Sus caracteristicas principales son tener una capsula fibrosa y estructuras en forma de lanza que apuntan hacia el apice de la celula, denominadas "rodlet". Las celulas "rodlet" fueron descritas por primera vez por Thelohan (1892) como parasitos esporozoarios no determinados de peces, y poco despues bautizados por Laguesse (1895) como Rhabdospora thelohani. En 1906, con la caracterizacion independiente realizada por Plehn de estas celulas como celulas glandulares endogenas, y la pronta refutacion por Laguesse (1906), comienza una controversia que se ha mantenido hasta hoy. Ambos defendieron su posicion, y durante el siglo siguiente ambas visiones continuaron coexistiendo con variada popularidad, al mismo tiempo que se proponian interpretaciones alternativas sobre la funcion de las celulas "rodlet". Aqui presento observaciones de celulas "rodlet" vivas del epitelio olfatorio del teleosteo marino I. conceptionis. Se monitoreo la expulsion de los "rodlets", el destino de las celulas "rodlet", y se siguio la trayectoria de los "rodlets" expulsados durante 12 h. No obstante las celulas "rodlet" murieron dentro de unas pocas horas, generalmente despues de la expulsion de los "rodlets", los "rodlets" siguieron siendo estables durante el periodo de observacion. Se discuten estos resultados teniendo en cuenta las hipotesis actuales sobre la funcion de estas celulas