cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A process evaluation of the improving wisely intervention: a peer-to-peer data intervention to reduce overuse in surgery

The Improving Wisely intervention is a peer-to-peer audit and feedback intervention to reduce overuse of Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS). The objective of this study was to conduct a process evaluation to evaluate Mohs surgeons’ perceptions of the implementation quality and perceived impact of the Improving Wisely intervention. Surgeons in the Improving Wisely intervention arm, comprised of members of the American College of Mohs Surgeons (ACMS) who co-led the intervention, were invited to complete surveys and key informant interviews. Participants described perceptions of implementation quality (evaluated via dose, quality of implementation, reach and participant responsiveness), perceived impact of the Improving Wisely intervention (evaluated on a 1–5 Likert and qualitatively), and barriers and facilitators to changing surgeons’ clinical practice patterns to reduce Mohs overuse. Seven hundred thirty-seven surgeons participated in the survey. 89% were supportive of the intervention. Participants agreed that the intervention would improve patient care and reduce the annual costs of Mohs surgery. Thirty surgeons participated in key informant interviews. 93% were interested in receiving additional data reports in the future. Participants recommended the reports be disseminated annually, that the reports be expanded to include appropriateness data, and that the intervention be extended to non ACMS members. Six themes identifying factors impacting potential MMS overuse were identified. Participants were strongly supportive of the intervention. We present the template used to design and implement the Improving Wisely intervention and provide suggestions for specialty societies interested in leading similar quality improvement interventions among their members.
Field Ion Microscopy

Field ion microscopy is an important step that is almost always used at the start of an atom probe experiment to produce an atomically clean specimen with a well developed end form. It is also used to examine and characterize the microstructural features present in the specimen, and to select the initial area on the surface of the specimen for analysis in the atom probe. It is often used during and at the end of an atom probe experiment to check the progress of the experiment and to determine certain experimental parameters. The overall shape of the field ion image can often yield a reasonable estimate of the shape and aspect ratio of the apex of the needle. The applications of field ion microscopy have been reviewed recently [1].
Whole-genome assembly and annotation of northern wild rice, Zizania palustris L., supports a whole-genome duplication in the Zizania genus.

Zizania palustris L. (northern wild rice, NWR) is an aquatic grass native to North America that is notable for its nutritious grain. This is an important species with ecological, cultural and agricultural significance, specifically in the Great Lakes region of the USA. Using flow cytometry, we first estimated the NWR genome size to be 1.8 Gb. Using long- and short-range sequencing, Hi-C scaffolding and RNA-seq data from eight tissues, we generated an annotated whole-genome de novo assembly of NWR. The assembly was 1.29 Gb in length, highly repetitive (approx. 76.0%) and contained 46 421 putative protein-coding genes. The expansion of retrotransposons within the genome and a whole-genome duplication (WGD) after the Zizania-Oryza speciation event have both led to an increase in the genome size of NWR in comparison with Oryza sativa L. and Zizania latifolia. Both events depict a genome rapidly undergoing change over a short evolutionary time. Comparative analyses revealed the conservation of large syntenic blocks between NWR and O. sativa, which were used to identify putative seed-shattering genes. Estimates of divergence times revealed that the Zizania genus diverged from Oryza approximately 26-30 million years ago (26-30 MYA), whereas NWR and Z. latifolia diverged from one another approximately 6-8 MYA. Comparative genomics confirmed evidence of a WGD in the Zizania genus and provided support that the event occurred prior to the NWR-Z. latifolia speciation event. This genome assembly and annotation provides a valuable resource for comparative genomics in the Oryzeae tribe and provides an important resource for future conservation and breeding efforts of NWR.
How to be a Firearm Legislative Advocate

Clinicians have an important public health role as advocates for our patients and for our communities. This includes working to preventing firearm injuries and deaths, which constitute a public health crisis in the United States. Clinician involvement is crucial for efforts around firearm injury prevention and can be conducted with advocacy at the state and federal levels. Professional medical societies and healthcare institutions are important resources for clinicians wishing to engage in advocacy. This chapter will describe the role of clinicians in health advocacy, include specific examples of clinician involvement in federal and state-level advocacy, and provide resources for clinician engagement in advocacy for harm prevention related to pediatric firearm injuries and deaths.
The developmental evolution of the seizure phenotype and cortical inhibition in mouse models of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Abstract The GABA A receptor (GABA A R) α1 subunit mutation, A322D, causes autosomal dominant juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that A322D elicits α1(A322D) protein degradation and that the residual mutant protein causes a dominant-negative effect on wild type GABA A Rs. Here, we determined the effects of heterozygous A322D knockin (Het α1 AD) and deletion (Het α1 KO) on seizures, GABA A R expression, and motor cortex (M1) miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) at two developmental time-points, P35 and P120. Both Het α1 AD and Het α1 KO mice experience absence seizures at P35 that persist at P120, but have substantially more frequent spontaneous and evoked polyspike wave discharges and myoclonic seizures at P120. Both mutant mice have increased total and synaptic α3 subunit expression at both time-points and decreased α1 subunit expression at P35, but not P120. There are proportional reductions in α3, β2, and γ2 subunit expression between P35 and P120 in wild type and mutant mice. In M1, mutants have decreased mIPSC peak amplitudes and prolonged decay constants compared with wild type, and the Het α1 AD mice have reduced mIPSC frequency and smaller amplitudes than Het α1 KO mice. Wild type and mutants exhibit proportional increases in mIPSC amplitudes between P35 and P120. We conclude that Het α1 KO and Het α1 AD mice model the JME subsyndrome, childhood absence epilepsy persisting and evolving into JME. Both mutants alter GABA A R composition and motor cortex physiology in a manner expected to increase neuronal synchrony and excitability to produce seizures. However, developmental changes in M1 GABA A Rs do not explain the worsened phenotype at P120 in mutant mice.
Mandatory HIV Testing of Professional Boxers: An Unconstitutional Effort to Regulate a Sport That Needs to be Regulated

This article explores the balance between the government’s obligation to protect the health and safety of its population vis-a-vis an individual citizen’s right to privacy, due process, and equal protection. Specifically, this Article illustrates the plight of professional boxers, participants in a sport almost always associated with blood and perspiration, spatter upon opponents and spectators, and the responsibility of governments and sports commissions responsible for public safety. In addition, the Article recounts the HIV/AIDS pandemic and the public and private discrimination that occurred when the precise means of transmission of the virus was unknown, as well as how the consequence of being infected always preceded death by precipitous physical and mental deterioration. Historical perspective is the continuing substance of this Article. Suggestions offered remain viable. First, that public education must be a priority upon the occurrence of any pandemic. Second, the Constitution of the United States continues to guarantee citizens immunity from unreasonable intrusion into areas associated with privacy and personal dignity. In concluding that the mandatory HIV testing of professional boxers is unconstitutional, the Article offers insights into a process by which legislatures, attorneys, and courts may balance the rights of individuals during a health care crisis.
Relationship between the Perception and Reproduction of Body Postures

Abstract One hundred and seven college women were tested in their ability to recognize a demonstrated body posture from among similar ones and to reproduce demonstrated body postures. Two original tests were devised for this purpose. A low but statistically significant correlation (- .34) was found between the two. In addition, the subjects completed a questionnaire regarding the extent and nature of their motor experience. The extent of the individual's motor experience had a significant role in each of these abilities. The direction to be taken in reproducing the postures was found to be a complicating factor.
A Computational Algorithm for Covariance Control: Discrete-time Case

A new controller design method for linear discrete-time systems is proposed via covariance assignment. The primary contributions of this paper are twofold. First, the set of all closed loop plant state covariances which a linear discrete-time system may possess is characterized. The set is shown to be convex. Secondly, a finite step algorithm for constructing an assignable plant state covariance is presented.
Capillary Tube Catalase Test

A capillary tube procedure for detection of catalase activities of isolated colonies of pure and mixed cultures on nutrient and blood agar plates is proposed.
Practitioner Views of College Head Coaches: A Stakeholder Management Perspective

This study employed stakeholder theory as an interpretive framework to explore how practitioners in academic support centers for athletes perceive their own obligations and the role and influence of head coaches. Findings revealed that while practitioners believe that head coaches generally care about the academic goals of their athletes, they also believe head coaches need to demonstrate stronger academic leadership and more accountability for the academic outcomes of the athletes they recruit. Practitioners also reported that while they strive to prepare athletes for life after sport, athletics and academics are not effectively co-existing and the current structure of college athletics needs reform. Implications for student affairs professionals are discussed.
Advances in the Cryopreservation of Embryos and Prospects for Application to the Conservation of Salmonid Fishes

Considerable controversy has developed within the conservation community as to the precise magnitude of the biological diversity crisis and the appropriate tactics needed to prevent mass extinctions. Most biologists agree that: (1) an increasing number of species are facing extinction as a result of native habitat loss or fragmentation (Wilson, 1988) and (2) nearly all habitat destruction results from the direct or indirect action of man (Ehrlich and Ehrlich, 1981). Uncertainties about the number of species at risk and the relationship between habitat destruction and species extinction (Mann, 1991) prevent qualitative estimates of what Ehrlich and Wilson (1991) describe as “the epidemic of extinctions now underway.” Such uncertainty complicates the formulation of effective public policy directed at preserving biological diversity.
Comparison of primary sensitization of naive human T cells to varicella-zoster virus peptides by dendritic cells in vitro with responses elicited in vivo by varicella vaccination.

Dendritic cells (DC) are potent APC during primary and secondary immune responses. The first objective of this study was to determine whether human DC mediate in vitro sensitization of naive CD4 + T cells to epitopes of the immediate early 62 (IE62) protein of varicella zoster virus (VZV). The induction of CD4 + T cell proliferative responses to eight synthetic peptides representing amino acid sequences of the VZV IE62 protein was assessed using T cells and DC from VZV-susceptible donors. The second objective was to compare in vitro responses of naive T cells with responses to VZV peptides induced in vivo after immunization with varicella vaccine. T cell proliferation was induced by three peptides, P1, P4, and P7, in 71–100% of the donors tested before and after vaccination using DC as APC. Monocytes were effective APC for VZV peptides only after immunization. Two peptides, P2 and P8, induced naive T cell proliferation less effectively and were also less immunogenic for T cells from vaccinated or naturally immune donors. T cell recognition of specific peptides was concordant between naive, DC-mediated responses, and postvaccine responses using monocytes as APC in 69% of comparisons ( p = 0.05; χ 2 ); the predictive value of a positive response to an IE62 peptide before immunization for T cell sensitization in vivo was 82%. These observations indicate that primary T cell responses detected in vitro using DC as APC may be useful to characterize the potential immunogenicity of viral protein epitopes in vivo.
Small Oscillations of a Soap Bubble

We analyze the spectrum of small oscillations of a soap bubble surrounded by incompressible inviscid air. The analysis is based on the linearization of the exact system for the dynamics of free fluid films. The underlying model takes into account variations in the film's shape and thickness. The resulting dispersion relationship shows the fundamental interplay among these variations. In the limit of vanishing soap bubble mass, the presented dispersion relationship agrees with Rayleigh's classical formula for an oscillating liquid droplet under the influence of surface tension.
Patterns and correlates of prescription opioid use in OEF/OIF veterans with chronic noncancer pain.

Objectives Little is known about the treatment Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans receive for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). We sought to describe the prevalence of prescription opioid use, types and doses of opioids received, and identify correlates of receiving prescription opioids for CNCP among OEF/OIF veterans.
Evaluation of a depression case management service: Improving depression care and impact on suicide assessment

Abstract Introduction: Suicide is a leading cause of death in the US. Many factors impact suicide and suicide prevention; however, improved awareness, recognition, and depression management account...
Wave fronts near a black hole

Wave fronts are covariantly defined for stationary, axisymmetric, asymptotically flat spacetimes. The equations defining the wave fronts are solved in the Schwarzschild and Kerr geometries. Analogies with material media are developed and used to analyze these solutions. The wave-front concept is applied to electromagnetic fields and causality in curved space.
Superfluid ground state of neutron matter and other strongly interacting many-fermion systems

(Equation (6) should then be omitted.) There will be an additional two-body contribution to the superfluid-state energy expectation value, but from all indications this contribution is small. For one thing, it is of higher order in the (~ smallness parameter ~ : ~ lf[]2(r)-1] dr] of the cluster expansion. Figure 1 is to be replaced by the Figure given here. The caption remains unchanged, the labels 1), 2), 3), 4) referring to Ohmura potentials with hard-core radii e : 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 fm, respectively. These potentials, incidentally, are the ones which produce the values r s ~ 2.7 fm for the singlet effective range. The concluding sentences, beginning with (~ In the equation for e~ we set ... ~ should then be restated as follows: ... In the equations for ek and 2 we set A h : 0 ; thus, e~ is given by the usual normal-state Hartree-Fock expression (for which we found an effective-mass representation to be adequate) and 2 becomes simply e~ (14). The gap equation was solved by a self-consistency technique which will be described in detail elsewherc; suffice it to say that the procedure adopted--~hich, of course, leads to an isotropie gap function is suitably accurate except possibly at the highest densities. I t is to be emphasized that both /~ and m* (effective mass) are kF-dependent. At a given e, t~ Serber ~ and S-wave results for A~ F vs. k F are basically the same, the former curve being slightly higher than the latter, by an amount which increases with density. Only the S-wave results--which are susceptible to (generally agreeable) comparison with results of earlier calculations--are plotted. I t is seen that as the core radius increases, the maximum value of /l~ r decreases and the gap closes at lower kF, as would be expected physically. The maximum Ak F of symmetrical nuclear matter
A fast and accurate method for the calculation of orbital susceptibility and form factor of paramagnetic transition metals

Abstract We describe a new method for calculating the orbital contribution to the susceptibility and neutron magnetic form factor of paramagnetic transition metals. The method has been developed by us over the past four years, and the computational details and results will be published elsewhere. In this paper we discuss the theoretical issues, which include a justification of the basic approximation and the estimate of errors. It is shown that it gives reliable results for the size of the susceptibility and the overall shape of the form factor, but is probably not sufficiently accurate to account for the anisotropy in the orbital moment distribution.
Cephalometric evaluation of the changes in patients wearing complete dentures. A ten-year longitudinal study

This study analyzed the longitudinal cephalometric head films of 37 edentulous patients over a 10-year period. The purpose of the investigation was to document changes within the craniofacial complex, residual ridge resorption, and position of the dentures. The changes were correlated with the following variables: age, sex, skeletal pattern, number of years edentulous, technique of denture fabrication, and nighttime wear of the dentures. Findings in this study suggest the following. The maxillae and the mandible showed sagittal spatial counterclockwise displacement. Complete dentures exhibit a counterclockwise rotation and forward movement. Soft tissue seating is more important than alveolar ridge resorption in the positional changes of complete dentures. Variation in denture techniques had no influence on the observed changes. Artificial porcelain teeth did not show a measurable amount of attrition during the 10-year observation period. Observed changes were not significantly affected by variables such as sex, years edentulous, nighttime wear, or skeletal pattern. Two exceptions were that the skeletal pattern affects prognathism and number of years edentulous affects mandibular ridge resorption.
Vinblastine, Ifosfamide, and Gallium Nitrate — An Active New Regimen in Patients with Advanced Carcinoma of the Urothelium A Phase II Trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (E5892)

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and toxicity of vinblastine, ifosfamide, and gallium nitrate (VIG) as first-line chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic carcinoma of the urothelium. METHODS Forty-five eligible patients were enrolled and stratified into good and poor risk groups. Poor risk was defined as age ≥ 70 years, 1 functioning kidney, and prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Good risk patients were treated with vinblastine, 0.11 mg/kg, on Days 1 and 2; ifosfamide, 1.2 g/m2, on Days 1-5 with mesna uroprotection; and gallium nitrate, 300 mg/m2, as a continuous infusion on Days 1-5. Poor risk patients received similar therapy with doses decreased by 20% and administered over 4 days. All patients received recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. Cycles were repeated at 21-day intervals until disease progression or to a maximum of 6 cycles. RESULTS Twenty of 45 patients (44%; 95% confidence interval, 30-60%) demonstrated an objective response, with 6 patients (13%) achieving a complete clinical response. The median duration of response was 47 weeks and the median survival duration for all patients was 10 months. Hematologic toxicity was significant, with 28 patients and 31 patients experiencing Grade 3 or 4 leukopenia and anemia, respectively. Six patients had clinically significant cardiac events (primarily atrial arrhythmias). There were two early deaths that were possibly treatment related. CONCLUSIONS VIG is an active regimen in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma. Toxicity is significant but acceptable. Patients with significant cardiac disease (especially arrhythmias) should be treated with extra care. The 4-day regimen appears to have similar therapeutic efficacy with less toxicity. Cancer 1997; 79:110-4. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Testing for Intermittent Faults in Digital Circuits

In this paper we present a few fundamental results related to the problems of characterization and detection of intermittent faults in digital circuits, which, up to now, have been almost totally ignored. This problem is important since in many technologies intermittency is a predominant mode of failure.
The relationship between self reports of college experiences and achievement test scores

This study evaluated the feasibility of using students' self reports of the academic development and college experiences as proxies and policy indicators for a national assessment of undergraduate education. Results indicated that self reports of academic development should be used with care as proxies for a national test. Particularly important are issues of content overlap and differences in the measurement methods. Results from the second part of this study supported using self reports of college experiences as policy indicators to improve undergraduate education.
On the regioselectivity of the Hanessian-Hullar reaction in 4,6-O-benzylidene protected galactopyranosides

The N-bromosuccinimide mediated fragmentation of methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-beta-D-galactopyranoside results in the formation of methyl 4-O-benzoyl-6-bromo-6-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside and methyl 4-O-benzoyl-3-bromo-3-deoxy-beta-D-gulopyranoside, as opposed to the methyl 6-O-benzoyl-3-bromo-3-deoxy-beta-D-gulopyranoside originally reported. The kinetic methyl 4-O-benzoyl-6-bromo-6-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranoside rearranges to the thermodynamic methyl 4-O-benzoyl-3-bromo-3-deoxy-beta-D-gulopyranoside under the reaction conditions, likely via a 3,6-anhydro galactopyranoside. The NBS-mediated cleavage of 4,6-O-benzylidene acetals in the galactopyranoside series is therefore shown to conform to the regiochemistry observed in the corresponding gluco- and mannopyranoside series with preferential cleavage of the C6-O6 bond by an ionic mechanism.
Low-temperature manganese contributions to the elastic constants of face-centred-cubic Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel

By ultrasonic methods, we determined the elastic constants between 295 and 4 K of nominally Fe-18Cr-8Ni alloys (in wt%) containing up to 6% manganese. We report five elastic constants:C 1 = longitudinal modulus,B = bulk modulus,E = Young modulus,G = shear modulus, and v = Poisson ratio. At all temperatures, manganese lowers all these elastic constants. With the exception of v, larger reductions occur at 4 K than at 295 K. At 4 K, the bulk modulus decreases more than the shear modulus: approximately 0.54 and 0.30% per per cent manganese, respectively. Manganese raises the magnetic-transition temperature, which occurs between 40 and 90 K, by approximately 9 K per per cent manganese. A simple model predicts the volume increase accompanying Mn alloying. However, a simple model fails to predict the elastic-constant reductions; this suggests magnetic interatomic interactions.
Oxygen adsorption on the aluminum (111) surface by low-energy current image diffraction: A new approach

Abstract Scanning an aluminum (111) surface with low-energy electrons (20–200 eV), diffraction patterns in the speciment current image were observed to change upon exposure to oxygen. In particular at a primary beam energy of 20.8 eV relative to the vacuum, the pattern of the clean surface includes both hexagonal and trigonal features. Upon exposure to oxygen the hexagonal part of the image fades continuously so that by 290 L of oxygen only the feature of trigonal symmetry remains. Since oxygen is known from low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and surface extended X-ray adsorption fire structure (SEXAFS) to form an ordered ad-layer on the (111) surface of aluminum, this suggests that current image diffraction (CID) can also be used to investigate adsorption.
I See White People. No, really, I see white people

I needed more time but my sense is that Yale could only see a fledgling student, unpromising, and not progressing fast enough. There are times, though, when personal, extra-academic factors stand i...
A Note on the Geisser-Greenhouse Correction for Incomplete Data Split-Plot Analysis

Abstract Growth curve, wear curve, and repeated measurement experiments frequently are analyzed as split-plot designs with time used as the subplot treatment. This method is particularly convenient when the data have missing values in the repeated measurements since multivariate methods are not easily adapted to data with different dispersion matrices. This article establishes that the dispersion structure which guarantees that the subplot test ratio has an F distribution for complete data applies to incomplete data as well.
Art, Transformation, Liberation: Balzac's Eugénie Grandet

Balzac's works about actual artists like Le Chef d’oeuvre inconnu have long been studied to derive the author's ideas about the artistic creative process. Eugenie Grandet also deals with art, however, even though there is not a real artist in it. In telling the story of Eugenie and her cousin Charles, Balzac suggests his views on the effects of beauty created by artful arrangement as opposed to the beauty in nature uncrafted by human art.
FLT3 mutation incidence and timing of origin in a population case series of pediatric leukemia

Mutations in FLT3 result in activated tyrosine kinase activity, cell growth stimulation, and a poor prognosis among various subtypes of leukemia. The causes and timing of the mutations are not currently known. We evaluated the prevalence and timing of origin of FLT3 mutations in a population series of childhood leukemia patients from Northern California. We screened and sequenced FLT3 mutations (point mutations and internal tandem duplications, ITDs) among 517 childhood leukemia patients, and assessed whether these mutations occurred before or after birth using sensitive "backtracking" methods. We determined a mutation prevalence of 9 of 73 acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs, 12%) and 9 of 441 acute lymphocytic leukemias (ALLs, 2%). Among AMLs, FLT3 mutations were more common in older patients, and among ALLs, FLT3 mutations were more common in patients with high hyperdiploidy (3.7%) than those without this cytogenetic feature (1.4%). Five FLT3 ITDs, one deletion mutation, and 3 point mutations were assessed for their presence in neonatal Guthrie spots using sensitive real-time PCR techniques, and no patients were found to harbor FLT3 mutations at birth. FLT3 mutations were not common in our population-based patient series in California, and patients who harbor FLT3 mutations most likely acquire them after they are born.
Reliability Implications of Bias-Temperature Instability in Digital ICs

Bias temperature instability (BTI) is one of the major reliability challenges in nanoscale CMOS technology. This article investigates the severity of such degradation in logic and memory circuits. The simulation results reveal that BTI poses severe constraints on reliable memory design, especially in the presence of random process variations.
Viral diseases of the chest.

Newer techniques promise to give us a better understanding of the etiology of infectious diseases of the chest and with such knowledge, developments in prevention and therapy can be anticipated.
Constant regression polynomials and the wishart distribution

Results are obtained for the problems of constructing and characterizing scalar-valued polynomial statistics having constant regression on the mean of a random sample of Wishart matrices. The construction procedure introduced by Heller [J. Multivariate Anal., 14 (1984), pp. 101–104] is generalized to show that certain polynomials in the principal minors of the sample matrices have zero regression on the mean. The zero-regression polynomials are characterized through expectations involving certain matrix-valued Bessel functions of Gross and Kunze [J. Funct. Anal., 22 (1976), pp. 73–105]. It is shown that the zero-regression property characterizes Wishart distributions within a wide family of mixtures of Wishart distributions.
Band limited data reconstruction in modulated polarimeters

Data processing for sequential in time polarimeters based on the Data Reduction Matrix technique yield polarization artifacts in the presence of time varying signals. To overcome these artifacts, polarimeters are designed to operate at higher and higher speeds. In this paper we describe a band limited reconstruction algorithm that allows the measurement and processing of temporally varying Stokes parameters without artifacts. An example polarimeter consisting of a rotating retarder and polarizer is considered, and conventional processing methods are compared to a band limited reconstruction algorithm for the example polarimeter. We demonstrate that a significant reduction in error is possible using these methods.
Ureteral injury in gynecologic surgery: A ten-year review in a community hospital

Abstract Objective: Our purpose was to review and analyze ureteral injuries incidental to gynecologic surgery in a community hospital. Study design: During the study period from Jan. 1, 1983, through Dec. 31, 1992, all patient records in which ureteral injury resulted from gynecologic surgery were reviewed. The operative procedure, pathologic result, location of injury, and type of repair were studied. Additionally, the time of recognition and diagnostic methods in these ureteral injuries were analyzed. Results: Nineteen ureteral injuries were incurred during the performance of 4665 gynecologic surgical procedures, an incidence of 0.4%. Patients ranged in age from 23 to 70 years. Recognition of the ureteral injury occurred intraoperatively in 10 patients and was delayed from 1 to 16 days in 9 patients. Six of the ureteral injuries were repaied by end-to-end anastomosis, 3 by deligation, and 10 by ureteroneocystostomy. Immediate postoperative urinary integrity was found in all patients. Conclusion: Gynecologic surgical procedures in this study resulted in a 0.4% incidence of ureteral injury, and repair of these injuries was successful in all cases for the short term. 1995; 172:1817–1822.)
Abundance of Atlantic menhaden larvae and associated species during a diel collection at Beaufort, North Carolina

Continuous collections of larval fishes were made during a 24-hour period from a bridge platform over the center of a channel in the lower Newport River estuary. Frequencies of the three most abundant species,Leiostomus xanthurus, Brevoortia tyrannus, andLagodon rhomboides were examined in an analysis of variance to show the effects and interactions of species, depth, light and tide. Generally, all three species were more abundant at night. Both illumination and tidal velocity affected the number of larvae taken.
Clostridium difficile Colitis: Factors Associated with Outcome and Assessment of Mortality at a National Level

Previous descriptions of Clostridium difficile colitis (CDC) epidemics may overestimate cost and mortality of CDC. An analysis of the 2007 Nationwide Inpatient Sample was performed. Patients with CDC (N = 41,207) were compared to a propensity score-matched cohort of patients without CDC. Average length of stay was longer for CDC patients by 5 days (p < 0.001). Mortality was higher for the CDC cohort (9.4% vs. 8.6%; p < 0.001) though the absolute difference was small. Mean hospital costs were 56% higher for CDC patients (p < 0.001). Higher odds of death with CDC were associated with small hospitals and self-pay patients. Chronic renal failure and diabetes were associated with lower hospital costs and lower odds of death in the CDC cohort. CDC is not as deadly of a disease as it may be perceived to be at larger hospitals, and mortality was actually unaffected by certain serious comorbidities. CDC is expensive due to a longer hospital stay.
EMR for Barrett's esophagus–related superficial neoplasms offers better diagnostic reproducibility than mucosal biopsy

Background EMR of Barrett's esophagus (BE)–related superficial neoplasms represents an efficacious staging modality. It also allows for better pathologic grading compared with mucosal biopsy specimens. However, the interobserver variation in the interpretation of EMR specimens has not been tested. Objective To evaluate consistency in the diagnosis of BE–related neoplasia on EMR specimens. Design Nine pathologists reviewed 25 esophageal EMR specimens and corresponding biopsy specimens independently. Each pathologist classified the cases as either non-neoplastic BE, low-grade dysplasia, high-grade dysplasia, intramucosal adenocarcinoma, or invasive adenocarcinoma. Interobserver concordance for both specimens from EMRs and biopsies was measured by intraclass correlation and Kendall's coefficient of concordance. The proportion of agreement was also calculated for each specimen and compared for EMR and biopsy by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Setting Teaching hospitals. Patients Twenty-five patients who underwent EMR for BE–related neoplasia. Results The intraclass correlation and the Kendall's coefficient for the 25 biopsy specimens was 0.938 (95% CI 0.880-0.965) and 0.677, respectively; for the 25 EMRs, these were significantly improved, at 0.977 (95% CI 0.957-0.987) and 0.831, respectively. In addition, the proportion of agreement for EMR specimens was significantly better compared with biopsy specimens ( P = .015). Conclusions Interobserver agreement of BE-related neoplasia on EMR specimens is significantly higher compared with biopsy specimens. The results may relate to the larger tissue sampling compared with biopsy specimens and the ability to evaluate mucosal landmarks, such as double muscularis mucosae. Thus, we suggest that EMRs, in addition to being a staging and therapeutic procedure, improve diagnostic consistency.
Na(I) binding by tartaric acid derivatives

Abstract A study of the binding of Na+ by two readily available tartaric acid derivatives, dimethyl tartrate and dipyrrolidine tartramide, has been carried out. These binding studies reveal binding stoichiometries of 1:1 for the dimethyl tartrate and 2:1 for the dipyrrolidine tartramide, and binding affinities (association constants) of 6.61 M−1 for the dimethyl tartrate and 70.4 M−2 for the dipyrrolidine tartramide indicating weak binding of Na+ in both cases. An X-ray crystal structure of a NaI complex of dipyrrolidine tartramide has also been determined. The binding stoichiometry is 1:1 in the solid state as opposed to the 2:1 binding stoichiometry that is observed in solution. The 1:1 binding in the solid state results in a coordination polymer in which half of the carbonyl oxygens and half of the hydroxy oxygens of the dipyrrolidine tartramide ligand bridge between adjacent Na+ cations. This allows each Na+ cation to achieve an octahedral coordination geometry. The iodides are ordered in a linear fashion, and each column of iodides is separated from the other columns by the coordination polymer and by linear columns of water molecules.
Long Term Complete Remission in Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine Combination Regimen

Gastrointestinal tract cancers are highly lethal malignancies with early metastatic dissemination. Chemotherapy is therefore of crucial importance in advanced cancer for obtaining palliation of symptoms and improving survival. However, there is no universal standard chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of gastroesophageal cancer. Also, complete remission is an uncommon outcome in advanced gastroesophageal cancers treated with chemotherapy; and where encountered, the response is not sustained. We present a 65 year-old patient who presented with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. She had histopathologically proven liver metastases. She was treated with chemotherapy comprising of six cycles of Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin and Capecitabine (DOX). She showed complete remission with disappearance of local as well as liver lesions, and achieved disease free status for 9 months. This is the first known sustained Complete Response in a case of advanced gastric carcinoma with DOX combination regimen.
The effects of effort feedback and performance patterns on children's attributions and task persistence

Abstract This study examines the effects of performance patterns (ascending versus random) and attributional information regarding the causes of that performance (effort feedback versus no feedback) on attributions and task persistence. Subjects were 40 fourth and fifth graders with dispositional tendencies not to perceive effort as a cause of their school-related performance. Results indicated that performance patterns did not systematically influence either children's attributions or persistence. As predicted, children given effort feedback exhibited greater levels of task persistence than those given no feedback; unexpectedly, however, this effect was not mediated by children's attributions.
Taste and Smell Losses in Normal Aging and Disease

Objective. —To review the scientific literature on the alterations in the senses of taste and smell in the elderly, including causes, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Data Sources. —Original reports and reviews obtained through MEDLINE searches from 1966 through June 1997 using the MeSH headings of "taste," "taste buds," "taste disorders," "taste thresholds," "smell," "odors," "aged," and "aging." Articles frequently cited in reference lists were also included. Study Selection. —All articles were reviewed, tabulated, and summarized. Data Extraction. —Criteria for extraction included data quality and validity, statistical treatment of the data, venue of publication, and relevance to clinical care. Conclusion. —Losses of taste and smell are common in the elderly and result from normal aging, certain disease states (especially Alzheimer disease), medications, surgical interventions, and environmental exposure. Deficits in these chemical senses cannot only reduce the pleasure and comfort from food, but represent risk factors for nutritional and immune deficiencies as well as adherence to specific dietary regimens. Chemosensory decrements can lead to food poisoning or over-exposure to environmentally hazardous chemicals that are otherwise detectable by taste and smell. Use of flavor-enhanced food can increase enjoyment of food and have a positive effect on food intake and immune status.
Extensive surgical history prior to cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy is associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis of appendiceal origin.

Abstract Background Patients with PMCA commonly undergo surgery before CRS/HIPEC. We evaluated the role of extensive surgical treatment before CRS/HIPEC in terms of overall survival (OS). Methods 105 patients with PMCA who underwent a CRS/HIPEC procedure were identified from a prospective database. Patients were divided into two groups based on Prior Surgery Score (PSS): PSS ≤1 limited surgery group (LSG), PSS >1 extensive surgery group (ESG). Survival of lymph node (LN) negative and positive patients was analyzed separately. Results 40 patients were in LSG and 65 in ESG. Mean time from diagnosis to CRS/HIPEC was 6 and 17 months for LSG and ESG, respectively (p = 0.004). Groups were well balanced in peritoneal cancer index, complete cytoreduction rate, and LN status. One, 3, and 5-year OS among LN negative patients was 95, 83, and 75% for the LSG (n = 22) group and 87, 55, and 32% for the ESG (n = 35), group respectively (p = 0.026). One, 3, and 5-year OS among LN positive patients was 69, 50, and 17% for the LSG (n = 18) group and 80, 21, and 14% for the ESG (n = 30), group respectively (p = 0.613). For all patients 1, 3, and 5-year OS was 84, 65, and 54% for the LSG (n = 40) group and 86, 43, and 26% for the ESG (n = 65) group, respectively (p = 0.029). Conclusion Extensive surgical treatment before CRS/HIPEC is associated with delay of CRS/HIPEC and poorer OS overall, especially among LN negative patients. We recommend early referral of PMCA patients to a peritoneal surface malignancy center.
Lipase-catalyzed triglyceride hydrolysis in organic solvent

An investigation of lipases fromRhizomucor miehei,Candida rug osa and porcine pancreas revealed that these enzymes hydrolyzed triglycerides in an organic solvent system. The presence of secondary amines,i.e., diethylamine,N-methylbutylamine, or the tertiary amine, Methylamine, greatly increased the extent of hydrolysis. The lipolysis of tallow took place under mild conditions,e.g., room temperature, moderate shaking and within 20 hr. At 45°C, complete hydrolysis of tallow was obtained in 6 hr. Vegetable oils and a fish oil (cod liver oil) were also hydrolyzed at 20°C byR. miehei lipase in the presence of iV-methylbutylamine for 20 hr. The lipases were recovered for reuse with some loss of activity. Optimum yields of free fatty acids were obtained by usingR. miehei lipase as catalyst.
ON-OFF units in the mustached bat inferior colliculus are selective for transients resembling "acoustic glint" from fluttering insect targets.

Of 311 single units studied in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) in 18 mustached bats (Pteronotus parnelli), a small but significantopulation (13%) of cells with on-off discharge patterns to tone bursts at best frequency (BF) was found in the dorsoposterior division. In contrast to units with the same BF's but other discharge patterns, the majority of ON-OFF units were unresponsive to sinusoidally amplitudemodulated tone bursts (SAM). To define the contribution of linear and nonlinear components to the responses of ICC neurons to amplitude modulation, we tested some of these neurons with a long, seamlessly repeating pseudorandom sequence of ternary amplitude-modulated tones at BF. Wiener-like kernels were subsequently derived from cross-correlation of spikes with acoustic events in the sequence. These kernels provided estimates of neural impulse responses that proved unusual in SAM-unresponsive ON-OFF units. First, their estimated impulse response had no linear component. Second, the predicted second-order impulse responses to both increments and decrements in stimulus intensity were long (about 20 ms) and nearly identical in shape: triphasic, with the positive phase bounded by leading and trailing negative periods. The similar shape of responses to increments and decrements in these neurons suggests a full-wave rectifier. The triphasic, initially negative condorder prediction of the impulse response accounted for an unusual result in experiments measuring the recovery cycle of ON-OFF units using a pair of identical stimulus pulses separated by various time delays. This recovery cycle can be related to their response to amplitude modulation. As the delay between two brief, near-threshold BF tone bursts decreased, the response to the first tone diminished, rather than to the second. The second-order prediction of this experiment derived from impulse responses obtained with pseudorandom noise suggests that, at short interpulse intervals, the initial negative phase of the response to the later stimulus cancels the positive phase of the response to the first. Such cancellation at short interpulse intervals may help explain why the majority of ON-OFF units are unresponsive to SAM. The unusual properties of these ON-OFF units make them ideally suited to respond selectively to infrequent acoustic transients superimposed on an ongoing background of modulation. Such patterns are commonly encountered by mustached bats foraging in cluttered habitats for small, fluttering insects, which generate “acoustic glints” upon a background of modulated echoes from the surroundings (Schnitzler et al. 1983; Henson et al. 1987).
Comparison of nonlinear optical responses of periodic and quasiperiodic superlattices.

For one-dimensional superlattices consisting of unit cells with two films, one of which exhibits nonlinear response to the electromagnetic field, the transmissivity as a function of incident intensity and frequency is calculated for periodic and quasiperiodic structures. It is found that gap-soliton-mediated resonances for periodic structures arise from the Fabry-P\'erot oscillations in the transmission band. Solitons in the stop gap are not found in the quasiperiodic case.
Increased neuronal activity fragments the Golgi complex

The Golgi complex is essential for many aspects of cellular function, including trafficking and sorting of membrane and secretory proteins and posttranslational modification by glycosylation. We observed reversible fragmentation of the Golgi complex in cultured hippocampal neurons cultured in hyperexcitable conditions. In addition, Golgi fragmentation was found in cultured neurons with hyperactivity due to prolonged blockade of GABA(A)-mediated inhibition or withdrawal of NMDA receptor antagonism. The interplay between neuronal hyperactivity and Golgi structure established in this study thus reveals a previously uncharacterized impact of neuronal activity on organelle structure. This finding may have important roles in protein processing and trafficking in the Golgi as well as effects on neuronal signaling.
America Now: Short Readings from Recent Periodicals

America Now has always been characterized by its brief and very current readings that reflect what students are talking and But I read as typically american tv and use of london among american. But a similar age of reagan were trained? Learn to read on preferred stock at winning the plight of federal guidelines. See this offensive he says, stamper in existence. And towns near the missing readers know. And upper middle east hand occasionally adventurous southbound travellers experiment. The distances their own language is that israels actions in life. But with all trade book readers for young readers'.
Spatial genetic heterogeneity in a population of the montane perennial plant Delphinium nelsonii

Spatial genetic heterogeneity in a population of the montane perennial plant Delphinium nelsonii
Removing flower stalks increases leaf biomass production in Hesperaloe funifera (Agavaceae)

Abstract Hesperaloe funifera is an arid-land plant with unique long, thin fibres which can produce paper with superior strength properties. Previous studies of flowering in this plant suggested that removal of developing flower stalks should divert energy to leaf production, increasing fibre yields and lowering unit costs of production. Flower stalks were removed from plants in their fourth and fifth years of growth. Thirty-eight per cent of the experimental population initiated flower stalks in the fourth year and 36% initiated them in the fifth year. Leaf biomass production and plant relative growth rates increased significantly with flower stalk removal; average plant size was 27% higher in the plots from which flower stalks were removed.