cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of active head retraction with retraction/extension and occipital release on the pressure pain threshold of cervical and scapular trigger points

Pain in the cervical and scapular regions is often associated with trigger points in these regions. Although there are many types of manual therapies used in the clinic to relieve trigger points, there is no documented research to validate their efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a single session of each of two manual therapy techniques on the pressure pain thresholds of trigger points in the cervical and scapular regions. Sixty volunteers with one or more trigger points were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned to groups receiving one treatment session of head retraction and retraction/extension exercises, occipital release, or no treatment. A pre-test and post-test of pressure pain threshold were performed on each subject using a pressure algometer. A one-way analysis of covariance, using the pre-test as the covariate, was conducted to analyse the data. The results of the analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between the groups. No changes ...
Magic Windows and the Serious Life: Rituals and Community in Early American Local Television

This historical study addresses the social impact of early local television by examining the ritual aspects of its now-extinct entertainment programming genres. The study assimilates several theories of ritual and collective memory to explain how this programming shaped the daily lives of television viewers in postwar America. It examines both the nature and form of this programming and how viewers remember it, largely via Internet-based tribute venues. This perspective helps better explain how such programming created a sense of community among technologically determined viewing audiences, and why it continues to structure the collective and individual memories of former viewers.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Cryptophycin 52 (LY355703), a Potent Antimitotic Antitumor Agent

A highly enantioselective and convergent synthesis of cryptophycin 52 (2), an exceedingly potent cytotoxic agent, is described. Cryptophycin 52, a synthetic variant of the cryptophycin family, is currently undergoing clinical trials. The synthesis is convergent and involves assembly of three fragments, phenyl hexenal 3, d-tyrosine phosphonate 4, and protected β-amino acid derivative 5. The synthesis of fragment 3 involves an efficient and stereocontrolled construction of both stereogenic centers at C-3 and C-4 by cleavage of a substituted tetrahydrofuran ring via an acyloxycarbenium ion intermediate. Both of these stereogenic centers were derived from optically active 4-phenylbutyrolactone, synthesized enantioselectively by Corey−Bakshi−Shibata reduction.
Performance Improvement Module: Achieving Continuous Improvement in Operations

This note summarizes how the Performance Improvement Module in the Operations Management course emphasizes the tools and concepts of continuous improvement.
Resiliency in Recovery

Hurricane Katrina thoroughly restructured New Orleans as a news environment. In the recovery period, New Orleans also lost its daily, printed newspaper when the venerated, Pulitzer Prize-winning Times-Picayune transitioned to a reduced print delivery, digital-driven format. At the same time, the uptick in public interest surrounding institutional corruption post-Katrina left a heightened civic need for newswork that fulfills the social responsibility ethic of journalistic practice. This research—founded upon 92 days of on-the-ground fieldwork and 60 in-depth interviews with newsworkers—explores the nature of accountability reporting post-Katrina. More specifically, this work traces three phases of ecological restructuring that reordered practitioner routines, fostering the growth of slow journalism in the Crescent City.
Scan statistics for monitoring data modeled by a negative binomial distribution

ABSTRACTIn this article we investigate the performance of approximations and inequalities for the distribution of scan statistics for independent and identically distributed observations from a geometric and negative binomial distributions. The use of scan statistics are discussed for prospective and retrospective type experiments. These scan statistics can be also used in a sequential type experiments for monitoring data, modeled by a geometric or a negative binomial distribution, for detecting a local change in the waiting time for a specified event or batch of events, respectively. Potential applications include: business, criminology, ecology, entomology, quality control and sampling schemes. Extensions to multiple window scan statistics are discussed as well. Numerical results are presented to evaluate the performance of the approximations and inequalities discussed in this article. A simulation study is included to evaluate the performance of the multiple scan statistics.
Navigating moral distress using the moral distress map

The plethora of literature on moral distress has substantiated and refined the concept, provided data about clinicians' (especially nurses') experiences, and offered advice for coping. Fewer scholars have explored what makes moral distress moral If we acknowledge that patient care can be distressing in the best of ethical circumstances, then differentiating distress and moral distress may refine the array of actions that are likely to ameliorate it. This article builds upon scholarship exploring the normative and conceptual dimensions of moral distress and introduces a new tool to map moral distress from emotional source to corrective actions. The Moral Distress Map has proven useful in clinical teaching and ethics-related debriefings.
3-D Prestack Waveform Inversion-A Real Data Example

The development and application of computationally efficient seismic inversion methods for accurate estimation of subsurface properties is a big challenge in exploration seismology. Amplitude-variation-with-offset or AVO inversion is the current state-of-the-art in the oil and gas industry. Although waveform-based inversion methodologies produce superior results than the AVO, large computational expense does not allow running such waveform-based methods in routine applications. In this study, we apply a multilevel parallelization of prestack waveform inversion to invert a 3D seismic data volume from the Rock Springs Uplift located in Wyoming, USA. We show how the method is able to simultaneously invert a large seismic data volume in a reasonable runtime and produce high quality results. As the primary purpose for the seismic data acquisition at the Rock Springs Uplift was to characterize the subsurface for potential targets for CO2 sequestration, we also identify these target formations and the corresponding sealing lithologies from our inversion results.
Review on the Government Information Publicity Institution Construction since Reform and Opening up

"The Decree of Government Information Openness" is a typical representative of the achievements our government information publicity institution construction since the Reform and Opening up of our country.However,shortcomings as narrow opening area,lack of supervision and no discussion of compensation still exist.The paper puts forwards the methods of extension of opening area,diversifying methods of the opening,consummating the institution of supervision and relief of government information publicity.
The validity of ratings of perceived exertion for cross-modal regulation of swimming intensity.

Background This study examined the use of Borg's category Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale for prescribing and self-regulating swimming intensity. Subjects were males and females (n = 19) ages nineteen to fifty-eight who regularly swam for fitness. Experimental designs Subjects completed six trials. Each trial was separated by a minimum of forty-eight hours. Mean cycle ergometry heart rates at estimated RPE-overall 12 and 16 were compared to mean swimming heart rates at produced RPE-overall 12 and 16. Also, mean arm ergometry heart rates at estimated RPE-arms 12 and 16 were compared to mean swimming heart rates at produced RPE-arms 12 and 16. Cycling and arm ergometry anchor trials familiarized subjects with testing protocol and Borg's scale prior to estimation and production trials. Comparisons were made using a one-way ANOVA (alpha 0.05). Results Mean cycling heart rate at RPE-overall 16 was not significantly different from mean swimming heart rate at RPE-overall 16. Mean swimming heart rate was significantly greater than cycling heart rate at RPE-overall 12. Mean swimming heart rates at RPE-arms 12 and 16 were significantly greater than arm ergometry heart rates at RPE-arms 12 and 16. Conclusions Results suggest that RPE-overall 16 may be useful in prescribing a higher exercise intensity for swimmers. However, adjustments from RPE-overall 12 are needed for establishing a lower intensity. Additionally, arm ergometry-based RPEs may require adjustments to be effective in prescribing and regulating swimming intensity. Results suggest that cycling and arm ergometry anchored RPE responses should be used with discretion when prescribing and regulating swimming intensity.
Reducing the burden of obesity-associated cancers with anti-inflammatory long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract Today’s world population has an unprecedented risk of dying from the consequences of being overweight and obese. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer are often accelerated because of excessive adiposity. Various biological mechanisms are implicated in the obesity-cancer link, particularly local and systemic inflammation as well as altered growth factor signaling pathways. In order to combat obesity-induced inflammation and the resulting increases in cancer risk and progression, the identification of safe and effective mechanism-based interventions is imperative. Notably, long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) modulate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators, restore insulin sensitivity, and can prevent or delay tumorigenesis. Delineating the precise mechanisms by which omega-3 PUFAs suppress obesity-induced inflammation will help identify promising key mechanistic targets and intervention strategies to break the obesity-cancer link.
ERP implementation failures: a case study and analysis

Despite the pervasiveness of ERP systems, there is a serious concern regarding the failure of ERP implementations. One explanation for many ERP implementation failures may be 'escalation of commitment'. Escalation of commitment refers to the propensity of decision-makers to continue investing in a failing course of action. Using escalation of commitment as a framework, this research describes an ERP implementation failure in a packaging manufacturing company and makes two significant contributions. First, this research describes the dynamics of 'real world' ERP implementation failures. Second, in studying these dynamics, relevant insights for improving ERP implementation successes are provided for both academicians and practioners.
Undiscovered porphyry copper resources in the Urals—A probabilistic mineral resource assessment

Abstract A probabilistic mineral resource assessment of metal resources in undiscovered porphyry copper deposits of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan was done using a quantitative form of mineral resource assessment. Permissive tracts were delineated on the basis of mapped and inferred subsurface distributions of igneous rocks assigned to tectonic zones that include magmatic arcs where the occurrence of porphyry copper deposits within 1 km of the Earth's surface are possible. These permissive tracts outline four north-south trending volcano-plutonic belts in major structural zones of the Urals. From west to east, these include permissive lithologies for porphyry copper deposits associated with Paleozoic subduction-related island-arc complexes preserved in the Tagil and Magnitogorsk arcs, Paleozoic island-arc fragments and associated tonalite-granodiorite intrusions in the East Uralian zone, and Carboniferous continental-margin arcs developed on the Kazakh craton in the Transuralian zone. The tracts range from about 50,000 to 130,000 km 2 in area. The Urals host 8 known porphyry copper deposits with total identified resources of about 6.4 million metric tons of copper, at least 20 additional porphyry copper prospect areas, and numerous copper-bearing skarns and copper occurrences. Probabilistic estimates predict a mean of 22 undiscovered porphyry copper deposits within the four permissive tracts delineated in the Urals. Combining estimates with established grade and tonnage models predicts a mean of 82 million metric tons of undiscovered copper. Application of an economic filter suggests that about half of that amount could be economically recoverable based on assumed depth distributions, availability of infrastructure, recovery rates, current metals prices, and investment environment.
The 3-Dimensional Architecture of Platelets in the Native State by Electron Cryotomography.

Conventional electron microscopy requires that samples be chemically fixed, embedded in plastic and stained prior to examination. This technique always raises uncertainty as to whether the observations are faithful to the native cellular organization. These limitations are overcome with the technique of electron cryomicroscopy, in which samples are prepared and observed in the frozen, hydrated state. A modification of this technique, electron cryotomography, is a method capable of recording images from the same specimen area at different tilt angles under low electron dose conditions, revealing the spatial relationships of organelles and molecular assemblies within a cell that has not been subjected to chemical fixation or metal staining. Here, we used electron cryotomography to examine the 3-dimensional architecture of platelets in the resting state and in various stages of activation. Platelets in citrated plasma isolated from healthy human subjects were allowed to settle onto a perforated carbon grid and frozen immediately in liquid ethane or were allowed to settle for different time periods on a grid coated with fibrillar type 1 collagen before being frozen. The platelets suspended across holes were embedded in a thin layer of vitreous ice. Successive images of these frozen, hydrated platelets were then acquired as the stage was tilted through a range of ±70° using a JEM2010F electron cryomicroscope. Each image was recorded using a 4kx4k CCD camera. The digital images were computationally aligned and merged to reconstruct a 3-dimensional density map with an 4.0 gigapixel volume. Multiple tilt-series were reconstructed and analyzed using segmentation and visualization tools. The platelet reconstructions were annotated in terms of the sizes, shapes and relative locations of the subcellular components, including mitochondria, α and dense granules, dense clusters, the dense tubular system, microtubules, and the surface-connected canalicular system. We observed great variability in the extent of ordered structure in the α granules, and in the filopodia adhering to the grid surface. The tomograms resolve the fibrous actin bundles driving filopod extension and the individual actin cross-links within the bundles. In some platelets, we observed membrane tethers that attached to the surface but were devoid of actin. This represents the first 3-D visualization of human platelets under native conditions. These observations and the ease of generating such data suggest that electron cryotomography can become a useful tool for dissecting the molecular sequence of cytoskeletal rearrangements occurring during platelet activation and granule secretion and for understanding the structural basis of platelet diseases.
Effect of message congruency on attention and recall in pictorial health warning labels

Objective The nine pictorial health warning labels (PWLs) proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration vary in format and feature of visual and textual information. Congruency is the degree to which visual and textual features reflect a common theme. This characteristic can affect attention and recall of label content. This study investigates the effect of congruency in PWLs on smoker’s attention and recall of label content. Methods 120 daily smokers were randomly assigned to view either congruent or incongruent PWLs, while having their eye movements recorded. Participants were asked to recall label content immediately after exposure and 5 days later. Results Overall, the image was viewed more and recalled better than the text. Smokers in the incongruent condition spent more time focusing on the text than smokers in the congruent condition (p=0.03), but dwell time of the image did not differ. Despite lower dwell time on the text, smokers in the congruent condition were more likely to correctly recall it on day 1 (p=0.02) and the risk message of the PWLs on both day 1 (p=0.01) and day 5 (p=0.006) than smokers in the incongruent condition. Conclusions This study identifies an important design feature of PWLs and demonstrates objective differences in how smokers process PWLs. Our results suggest that message congruency between visual and textual information is beneficial to recall of label content. Moreover, images captured and held smokers’ attention better than the text.
Post-Surgical Spontaneous Regression of Residual Cerebellar Astocytoma

Spontaneous regression of residual cerebellar astrocytoma following subtotal resection is reported in a 2-year-old boy followed for 11 years at the University of British Columbia, Canada.
Community-Based Palliative Care and Advance Care Planning Documentation: Evidence from a Multispecialty Group

Background/Objectives With the growing public demand for access to critical health data across care settings, it is essential that advance care planning (ACP) information be included in the electronic health record (EHR) so that multiple clinicians can access it and understand individuals’ preferences for end-of-life care. Community-based palliative care programs often incorporate ACP services. This study examined whether a community-based palliative care program is associated with digitally extractable ACP documentation in the EHR. Design Observational study using propensity score–weighted generalized estimation equations to examine patterns of digitally extractable ACP documentation. Setting Palo Alto Medical Foundation (PAMF), a multispecialty ambulatory healthcare system in northern California. Participants Individuals aged 65 and older with serious illnesses between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014 (N = 3,444). Intervention Community-based palliative care program in PAMF. Measurements Digitally extractable ACP in EHR. Results We found that only 14% (n = 483) of individuals with serious illnesses had digitally extractable ACP in electronic health records. Of the 6% of individuals receiving palliative care, 65% had ACP, versus 11% of those not receiving palliative care. Study results showed a strong positive association between palliative care and ACP. Conclusion Only a small percentage of individuals with serious illnesses had ACP documentation in the EHR. Individuals with serious illnesses infrequently used palliative care delivered by board-certified palliative care specialists. Palliative care service use was associated with higher rates of ACP after controlling for organizational and individual characteristics using a propensity score weighting method. Scalable interventions targeted at non-palliative care clinicians for universal access to ACP are needed.
Evaluation of Commercial‐scale Approaches for Cryopreservation of White Crappie, Pomoxis annularis, Sperm

Crappie, Pomoxis spp., are popular game fish throughout North America and are produced by public and private hatcheries. However, production is limited by a lack of information on tank culture and induced spawning methods. Development of techniques for storage of sperm and in vitro fertilization would increase flexibility in spawning. Therefore, techniques for sperm cryopreservation were examined in white crappie, Pomoxis annularis. Sperm from adult wild white crappie were used to evaluate sperm extender, cryoprotectant agent and concentration, and cooling technique based on post-thaw sperm motility. Percent egg fertilization was also compared between sperm stored in the two best cryopreservation protocols and two different osmotic activator solutions. Sperm were cryopreserved using treatment combinations of two extenders (350 mOsmol/kg Hanks' balanced salt solution [HBSS] and 350 mOsmol/kg Ca2+free HBSS) and two cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] and methanol) at concentrations of 5, 10, and 15% that were cooled at four different rates: 5, 10, 20, and 40 C/min. Post-thaw sperm motility and fertilization rates indicated white crappie sperm can be cryopreserved using either extender, cryoprotectants of either 5% DMSO or 10% methanol, and cooling at 40 C/min. A follow-up experiment demonstrated sperm in suspensions on ice retained viability after overnight transport.
Excitatory Neuronal Responses of Ca2+ Transients in Interstitial Cells of Cajal in the Small Intestine

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) regulate smooth muscle excitability and motility in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. ICC in the deep muscular plexus (ICC-DMP) of the small intestine are aligned closely with varicosities of enteric motor neurons and thought to transduce neural responses. ICC-DMP generate Ca2+ transients that activate Ca2+ activated Cl- channels and generate electrophysiological responses. We tested the hypothesis that excitatory neurotransmitters regulate Ca2+ transients in ICC-DMP as a means of regulating intestinal muscles. High-resolution confocal microscopy was used to image Ca2+ transients in ICC-DMP within murine small intestinal muscles with cell-specific expression of GCaMP3. Intrinsic nerves were stimulated by electrical field stimulation (EFS). ICC-DMP exhibited ongoing Ca2+ transients before stimuli were applied. EFS caused initial suppression of Ca2+ transients, followed by escape during sustained stimulation, and large increases in Ca2+ transients after cessation of stimulation. Basal Ca2+ activity and the excitatory phases of Ca2+ responses to EFS were inhibited by atropine and neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1) antagonists, but not by NK2 receptor antagonists. Exogenous ACh and substance P (SP) increased Ca2+ transients, atropine and NK1 antagonists decreased Ca2+ transients. Neurokinins appear to be released spontaneously (tonic excitation) in small intestinal muscles and are the dominant excitatory neurotransmitters. Subcellular regulation of Ca2+ release events in ICC-DMP may be a means by which excitatory neurotransmission organizes intestinal motility patterns.
How much does excess inpatient capacity really cost

Traditional healthcare cost-accounting methods determine the cost of unused inpatient beds by calculating the fixed cost per patient-day using the number of patient days of inpatient care expected to be provided. Unfortunately, this approach can result in a misleading estimate of fixed costs per patient-day that fluctuate over time as expected levels of inpatient care fluctuate. A recommended alternative approach, practical capacity cost accounting, determines the cost of unused inpatient beds by calculating fixed costs per patient-day using the maximum feasible patient days of inpatient care that can be provided in a year. This approach yields stable fixed costs for more accurate costing of unused capacity and better long-range planning and decision making.
Energy Transfer Phenomena

The transfer of optical excitation energy between weakly coupled ions in solids is discussed. The most important coupling mechanisms are treated first from a microscopic point of view, and then statistical averages are taken over the volume of the sample to calculate observable quantities such as the yield of sensitizer luminescence and the time development of the sensitizer luminescence following pulse excitation. Three regimes are considered: negligible sensitizer → sensitizer transfer, transfer between sensitizers comparable in probability with sensitizer → activator transfer, and migration of excitation among sensitizers much more rapid than transfer to activators. The discussion is largely applied to rare earth ions.
The Norfold Facies

Structures of the norfold facies are superimposed upon those of the sahlfold facies in Trollheimen. They developed during a late and probably final stage in the formation of Riar basin and the surrounding Svarthammer anticline. They do not appear in the eastern homocline.
Bridging an Engagement Gap: Towards Equitable, Community-Based Technology Leadership Practice.

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to address undertheorized notions of equity within technology leadership research and to offer alternative possibilities for equitable technology leadership pra...
Analysis of Concurrent Moving Target Defenses

While Moving Target Defenses (MTDs) have been increasingly recognized as a promising direction for cyber security, quantifying the effects of MTDs remains mostly an open problem. Each MTD has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. No single MTD provides an effective defense against the entire range of possible threats. One of the challenges facing MTD quantification efforts is predicting the cumulative effect of implementing multiple MTDs. We present a scenario where two MTDs are deployed in an experimental testbed created to model a realistic use case. This is followed by a probabilistic analysis of the effectiveness of both MTDs against a multi-step attack, along with the MTDs' impact on availability to legitimate users. Our work is essential to providing decision makers with the knowledge to make informed choices regarding cyber defense.
Beta function quintessence cosmological parameters and fundamental constants – II. Exponential and logarithmic dark energy potentials

This paper uses the beta function formalism to extend the analysis of quintessence cosmological parameters to the logarithmic and exponential dark energy potentials. The previous paper (Thompson 2018) demonstrated the formalism using power and inverse power potentials. The essentially identical evolution of the Hubble parameter for all of the quintessence cases and LambdaCDM is attributed to the flatness of the quintessence dark energy potentials in the dark energy dominated era. The Hubble parameter is therefore incapable of discriminating between static and dynamic dark energy. Unlike the other three potentials considered in the two papers the logarithmic dark energy potential requires a numerical integration in the formula for the superpotential rather than being an analytic function. The dark energy equation of state and the fundamental constants continue to be good discriminators between static and dynamical dark energy. A new analysis of quintessence with all four of the potentials relative the swampland conjectures indicates that the conjecture on the change in the scalar field is satisfied but that the conjecture on the change of the potential is not.
Moving beyond simple answers to complex disorders in sarcomeric cardiomyopathies: the role of integrated systems.

The classic clinical definition of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) as originally described by Teare is deceptively simple, “left ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of any identifiable cause.” Longitudinal studies, however, including a seminal study performed by Frank and Braunwald in 1968, clearly described the disorder much as we know it today, a complex, progressive, and highly variable cardiomyopathy affecting ~ 1/500 individuals worldwide. Subsequent genetic linkage studies in the early 1990s identified mutations in virtually all of the protein components of the cardiac sarcomere as the primary molecular cause of HCM. In addition, a substantial proportion of inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has also been linked to sarcomeric protein mutations. Despite our deep understanding of the overall function of the sarcomere as the primary driver of cardiac contractility, the ability to use genotype in patient management remains elusive. A persistent challenge in the field from both the biophysical and clinical standpoints is how to rigorously link high-resolution protein dynamics and mechanics to the long-term cardiovascular remodeling process that characterizes these complex disorders. In this review, we will explore the depth of the problem from both the standpoint of a multi-subunit, highly conserved and dynamic “machine” to the resultant clinical and structural human phenotype with an emphasis on new, integrative approaches that can be widely applied to identify both novel disease mechanisms and new therapeutic targets for these primary biophysical disorders of the cardiac sarcomere.
Metabolic alterations and the potential for targeting metabolic pathways in the treatment of multiple myeloma

Metabolism is defined as the collection of complex biochemical processes that living cells use to generate energy and maintain their growth and survival. Metabolism encompasses the synthesis and breakdown of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids; the generation of energy (ATP); and oxidative phosphorylation. In cancer cells, metabolism can be commandeered to promote tumor growth and cellular proliferation. These alterations in metabolism have emerged as an additional hallmark of various cancers. In this review we focus on metabolic alterations in multiple myeloma (MM) - a malignancy of plasma cells - including derangements in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid/amino acid synthesis and degradation. Particular focus is given to metabolic alterations that contribute to myeloma cell growth, proliferation and drug resistance. Finally, novel approaches that target metabolic pathways for the treatment of MM are discussed.
Sources of Success in California's Individual Marketplace under the Affordable Care Act

When passed in 2010, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) became the greatest piece of health care reform in the United States since the creation of Medicare and Medicaid. In the 9 years since its passage, the law has ushered in a drastic decrease in the number of uninsured Americans and has encouraged delivery system innovation. However, the ACA has not been uniformly embraced, and states differ in their implementation of the law and in their individual health insurance marketplace's successfulness. Furthermore, under the Trump administration the law's future and the stability of the individual market have been uncertain. Throughout, however, California has been a leader. Today, the state's marketplace, known as Covered California, offers comprehensive, standardized health plans to over 1.3 million consumers. California's success with the ACA is largely attributable to its historical receptiveness to health reform; its early adoption of the law; its decision to have Covered California operate as an active purchaser, help shape the plans sold through the marketplace, and design a consumer-friendly enrollment experience; its engagement with stakeholders and community partners to encourage enrollment; and Covered California's commitment to continually innovate, improve, and anticipate the needs of the individual market as the law moves forward.
Visiting Professorship in Academic Radiation Oncology.

Purpose Visiting professorship is an enjoyable activity that is also influential in academic promotional processes as evidence of the invitee’s national reputation. Little is known, however, about the factors considered when selecting visiting professors (VPs) or whether this practice reflects objective criteria. We sought to characterize the process and diversity of participants in visiting professorships within academic radiation oncology (RO) to determine whether opportunities are equitably distributed. Methods and Materials Surveys were distributed to program directors (PDs) of every 2018 RO residency program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. PDs were asked to identify all VPs over the past 2 years and to describe their departments’ decision-making processes. Publicly available demographic and academic characteristics were obtained for each VP, and results were compared by VP gender and hosting program (HP) 2019 Doximity rank using the χ2 test for categorical data and t test for continuous data. Results The PD response rate was 60 of 93 (65%); 6 surveys were ≥50% incomplete and were excluded. Over a 2-year timeframe, 51 of 54 departments hosted 233 VPs, of whom 29% were women. The mean number of hosted VPs (5; range, 1-19) and gender distribution (35% women; range, 0-100%) did not significantly differ by HP rank (P = .17 and 0.65, respectively), nor did the selection criteria by which VPs were primarily chosen (subject matter expertise, teaching reputation, and resident interest). Women received significantly lower honoraria amounts than men (P = .035) despite no significant differences by gender in academic rank (P = .71), VP department rank (0.19), or M-index (0.83). Conclusion Although sample size is limited, this study suggests that academic RO programs have a relatively equitable approach to selecting VPs that emphasizes trainee education and reflects the gender diversity of RO faculty more generally. Care should be taken to ensure that these similarly qualified women are offered the same monetary amount of honoraria as their male colleagues.
Characterization of the Fungal Community Associated with Root, Crown, and Vascular Symptoms in an Undiagnosed Yield Decline of Winter Squash

Winter squash (Cucurbita maxima) is produced in Oregon’s Willamette Valley for edible seeds, processing, and fresh markets. Recently, prominent cultivar Golden Delicious has experienced significant...
Sorafenib Loaded Inhalable Polymeric Nanocarriers against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

This exploration is aimed at developing sorafenib (SF)-loaded cationically-modified polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as inhalable carriers for improving the therapeutic efficacy of SF against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The NPs were prepared using a solvent evaporation technique while incorporating cationic agents. The optimized NPs were characterized by various physicochemical parameters and evaluated for their aerosolization properties. Several in-vitro evaluation studies were performed to determine the efficacy of our delivery carriers against NSCLC cells. Optimized nanoparticles exhibited an entrapment efficiency of ~40%, 80%). In-vitro evaluation also resulted in a superior ability to inhibit cancer metastasis. 3D-tumor simulation studies further established the anti-cancer efficacy of NPs as compared to just SF. The localized delivery of SF-loaded nanoparticles resulted in improved anti-tumor activity as compared to SF alone. Therefore, this strategy displays great potential as a novel treatment approach against certain lung cancers.
Examination of Curcumin and Fenugreek Soluble Fiber Supplementation on Submaximal and Maximal Aerobic Performance Indices.

This study examined the effects of curcumin and fenugreek soluble fiber supplementation on the ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak oxygen consumption ( V ˙ O2 peak). Methods: Forty-five untrained men and women were randomly assigned to one of three supplementation groups: placebo (PLA, n = 13), 500 mg·day−1 CurQfen® (CUR, n = 14), or 300 mg·day−1 fenugreek soluble fiber (FEN, n = 18). Participants completed a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine the VT and V ˙ O2 peak before (PRE) and after (POST) 28 days of daily supplementation. Separate, one-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were used to examine the between-group differences for adjusted POST VT and V ˙ O2 peak values, covaried for the respective PRE-test values. Results: The adjusted POST VT V ˙ O2 values for the CUR (mean ± SD = 1.593 ± 0.157 L·min−1) and FEN (1.597 ± 0.157 L·min−1) groups were greater than (p = 0.039 and p = 0.025, respectively) the PLA (1.465 ± 0.155 L·min−1) group, but the FEN and CUR groups were not different (p = 0.943). There were no differences in the adjusted V ˙ O2 peak values (F = 0.613, p = 0.547) among groups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that fenugreek soluble fiber was responsible for the improvements in the submaximal performance index for both CUR and FEN groups.
Fatigue and Dyspnea after Pacemaker Implant

A 73-year-old man underwent dual chamber pacing system implantation for intermittent advanced and complete AV block. His ejection fraction was normal, and he was not known to have any ventricular ectopy. Over the ensuing 6 months, pacemaker interrogation revealed normal dual chamber operation and no ventricular ectopy (designated “PVE” in this pacing system). One month after his last pacemaker clinic visit the patient began to note increasing effort fatigue and breathlessness. A thorough history and physical examination revealed no evidence of heart failure and was normal. A 12-lead ECG demonstrated sinus rhythm with first degree AV block and no evidence of atrial or ventricular pacing outputs. Interrogation of the pacemaker indicated over 700,000 PVEs occurring during the prior month, a totally unexpected finding for this patient. Explanations and solutions for the problem are discussed.
OP0071 A pathogenic anti-dna antibody binds to alpha-actinin in renal mesangial cells

Background Anti-DNA antibodies have been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus. One mechanism by which anti-DNA antibodies may contribute to nephritis is by cross-reactivity with renal antigens. However, the identity of this renal antigen remains elusive. Objectives To identify the target antigen bound by a pathogenic anti-DNA antibody in renal tissue. Methods Western blotting and immunoprecipitations of total cell lysate from mesangial cell lines derived from the autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr mouse (lpr-mc) and a non-autoimmune BALB/c mouse (mc), with R4A, a pathogenic murine IgG2b anti-DNA antibody, and with 95, a non-pathogenic antibody derived from R4A by site-directed mutagenesis. The immunoprecipitated protein was identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) of tryptic digests. Results The pathogenic anti-DNA antibody R4A, but not control isotype-matched antibodies, bound to and immunoprecipitated a 100 kD protein from mesangial cell lysates. Binding was more pronounced using lpr-mc rather than non-autoimmune mc lysate. Little effect on binding was seen after treatment of the cell lysate or R4A with DNAse, while proteinase K treatment abolished binding. Preliminary MALDI-MS analysis revealed that alpha-actinin, an actin bundling protein that plays a role in experimental nephritis models, is present in the protein band immunoprecipitated by R4A. R4A, but not 95, binds to immobilised alpha-actinin by ELISA; Furthermore, double stranded DNA significantly inhibited the binding of R4A to the 100 kD mesangial cell protein, as well as to purified alpha-actinin. Serum of MRL-lpr/lpr lupus mice with active disease contain high-titer antibodies to alpha-actinin. Conclusion The nephritogenicity of some anti-DNA antibodies may be mediated via cross-reactivity with a glomerular antigen. Variations in the display of the cross-reactive antigen in the target organ between individuals may underlie differential susceptibility to anti-DNA antibody induced renal disease.
Interaction principles for digital puppeteering to promote teacher learning

This literature review analyzed 18 studies published between 2013 and 2020 to understand the role of virtual humans in mixed reality digital puppeteering simulations aimed at promoting teacher lear...
Building the Capacity of Neighborhoods and the Resilience of Neighbors to Respond to COVID-19: The Neighbor to Neighbor Volunteer Corps

This chapter describes the development of the Neighbor to Neighbor Volunteer Corps (“N2N”) at a major New York City-based university in March, 2020, during the COVID-19 global pandemic. N2N is a civic engagement program to assist neighbors in university Faculty Housing with basic needs, mental health, and social isolation. The objectives of this chapter are to (a) explicate a conceptual framework within an historical context, along with important guiding values that helped to build the university’s capacity to respond to COVID-19; (b) identify at-risk populations among a heterogeneous population, acknowledging the diversity of residents in the neighborhood; (c) discuss programmatic elements of the project, specifically the ways in which the shared trauma of COVID-19 helped build resilience among the neighbors involved in the project; and (d) discuss how this intervention at the community level contributes to the larger knowledge base of macro-, mezzo-, and micro-discussions of productive aging and clinical social work practice.
Precision Medicine Versus Personalized Medicine

Precision refers to a mode of action, being exact and accurate, while personalized refers to attention to an individual person. Optimally treatment should be both precise and personalized. Each individual is different. Patients live in a very complex social, civic, cultural, economic, religious, and philosophic environment. Treating physicians must understand and diagnose the cause of the patient’s symptoms and illness in as much detail as possible. They also must understand the person and the milieu. A very detailed history, physical and neurological examination, laboratory testing, and technological advances in brain and vascular imaging now make it possible for physicians to acquire the data needed to be able to direct management to complex individual patients. Randomized trials, the basis of the so-called evidence-based medicine, yield general information but often do not provide a road map to treat individual patients.
Good deeds and hard knocks: The effect of past suffering on praise for moral behavior

Abstract Are judgments of praise for moral behavior modulated by knowledge of an agent's past suffering at the hands of others, and if so, in what direction? Drawing on multiple lines of research in experimental social psychology, we identify three hypotheses about the psychology of praise — typecasting, handicapping, and non-historicism — each of which supports a different answer to the question above. Typecasting predicts that information about past suffering will augment perceived patiency and thereby diminish perceived agency, making altruistic actions seem less praiseworthy; handicapping predicts that this information will make altruistic actions seem more effortful, and hence more praiseworthy; and non-historicism predicts that judgments of praise will be insensitive to information about an agent's experiential history. We report the results of two studies suggesting that altruistic behavior tends to attract more praise when the experiential history of the agent involves coping with adversity in childhood rather than enjoying prosperity (Study 1, N = 348, p = .03, d = 0.45; Study 2, N = 400, p = .02, d = 0.39), as well as the results of a third study suggesting that altruistic behavior tends to be evaluated more favorably when the experiential history of the agent includes coping with adversity than in the absence of information about the agent's past experience (N = 226, p = .002). This pattern of results, we argue, is more consistent with handicapping than typecasting or non-historicism.
Korōṉā toṟṟu kālattil tiṉakkūliyāḷarkaḷiṉ nilai: Koḻumpu - 12 Putukkaṭai piratēcattai maiyappaṭuttiya camūkaviyal āyvu [Daily wage workers in Covid-19 pandemic period: a sociological research based on Hulftsdorf, Colombo-12]:

The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely wounded the world economy with serious consequences impacting all communities and individuals. However, the rich and middle class can fill in their day to day needs, because of having enough money. At the same time, daily wage workers are facing difficulties to fill in their daily life needs in the current situation. According to this, the research aims to identify the economy level of daily wage workers of Hulftdorf, Colombo-12 during this period. The primary data were collected from 54 daily wage workers though questionnaire and in-depth interview. The gathered data were discussed by mixed approach descriptive methodology. The findings of this research declare that urban daily wage workers face the many difficulties than rural daily wage workers, because of expensive and costly price of the essential commodities. At the other hand, due to lack of daily income, they do not save the money. Thus, they face economic problems in predicaments. They also get insufficient donation, aids and relief in this emergency situation. [கொரோனா பரவலினால முழு உலகமுமே ஸதமபிதம அடைநதிருககினற நிலையில, அஙகு வாழும ஒவவொரு சமூகப பிரிவினரும பலவேறு சிரமஙகளை எதிரநோககுவாரகள எனபது யதாரததமான விடயமாகும. எனினும, செலவநதரகளும, நடுததர வரககததினரும தனது அனறாட தேவையை நிறைவேறறிக கொளள முடியுமான வழிவகைகளைச செயதுகொளள முடிகிறது. ஏனெனில இவரகளிடததில பொருளாதாரம தேவையான அளவு காணபபடுகினறது. ஆனால, தினமும கூலித தொழில செயது அனறாடத தேவைகளை நிறைவு செயபவரகள கொரோனா ஊரடஙகு காலபபகுதியில பல இடரகளை எதிரநோககியிருநதிருபபாரகள எனபதை அனுமானமாகக கொணடு இவவாயவு மேறகொளளபபடடுளளது. கொரோனா காலததில கொழுமபு புதுககடைபபிரதேசததில தினககூலியாளரகளின பொருளாதார நிலையை அடையாளபபடுததும நோககில அபபிரதேசததைச சேரநத 54 தினககூலியாளரகளிடம வினாககொதது மூலமும, ஆழமான கலநதுரையாடல மூலமும முதலாம நிலைததரவுகள பெறபபடடன. பெறபபடட தரவுகள தரமசார, பணபுசார ரதியான விபரிபபு ஆயவு முறையியல ஊடாக கலநதுரையாடபபடடுளளன. அவவாறே, வினாககொதது மூலமான தரவுகளைப பகுபபாயவு செயய எம.எஸ.எகஸல பயனபடுததபபடடுளளது. இவவாயவின கருதுகோளை உறுதிபபடுததும வகையில அதன பெறுபேறுகள கிடைககபபெறறிருபபதை அவதானிகக முடிகினறது. இநத வகையில, இலஙகையில கொரோனா காலபபகுதியில தலைநகரான கொழுமபிலுளள புதுககடை பிரதேசததில தினககூலி வேலை செயபவரகளின நிலையை இவவாயவு அடையாளபபடுததி இருககினறது. கிராமபபுறஙகளில வாழும கூலித தொழிலாளரகளை விட நகரபபுற கூலித தொழிலாளரகள பலவேறு சவாலகளுககுச சாதாரண காலபபகுதியில எதிரநோககுவர. குறிபபாக, அனறாடப பாவனைககுத தேவையான பொருடகளின விலைகளும அதிகமாக காணபபடுதல, வாழககைச செலவு அதிகம போனற பொருளாதார பிரசசினைகளை எதிரகொளவர. இதனபோது, தின வேலையும இலலாமல சேமிககும வழமையும இலலாமல ஆகினற போது, அவரகளின தினசரி வாழவு அதிசிரமததுடனேயே கடநதுசெலலும. இதேநிலையை ஆயவுககுடபடுததபபடட பிரதேசததில வாழகினற தினககூலியாளரகள கொரோனா ஊரடஙகு காலபபகுதியில எதிரநோககியுளளனர. அவவாறே, குடுமப உதவிகள, அரசாஙக உதவிகள, நிறுவனஙகளின நனகொடைகள வழஙகபபடடாலும அவறறைப பெறுவதில சிரமததை எதிரகொணடுளளனர எனபதுடன அவை போதியளவு வழஙகபபடவிலலை எனபதை அவதானிகக முடிகினறது.]
Microbes and Radiation

For life to exist, there must be an input of energy. Radiation, the movement of energy through space, is the critical source of energy for life because visible radiation in the 400 to 700 nm range (photosynthetically active radiation; PAR) powers photosynthesis. Other forms of radiation, for example UV and ionizing radiation, have effects on organisms that can range from beneficial (e.g., vitamin D synthesis) to lethal. Some forms of radiation have been a constant for organisms over geologic time, whereas others vary seasonally and diurnally. Exposure to radiation may depend on ecology, with, for example, organisms living near granite receiving more terrestrial radiation than those that do not. Man-made radiation can result in novel exposures or exposure levels. Some forms of radiation are blocked by the Earth’s atmosphere and thus are newly relevant with respect to interplanetary travel or to potential extraterrestrial biota.
Embodied Signs: Expanding Representations Through and with Bodies

We argue that a semiotic perspective is urgently needed to understand how embodiment blurs binaries such as language and action or text and context through representations of bodies and representations with bodies. Although the study of embodiment has long been present in semiotics, we consider emerging research in literacy studies that reconceptualizes the intersection of body, meanings, and representation. The embodiment of meaning through representations of the body and representations through the body is often just a potentiality or a possibility, a data source that is available for selection, whereas we see it as central to the field.