cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Correlation-Aware Traffic Consolidation for Power Optimization of Data Center Networks

Power optimization has become a key challenge in the design of large-scale enterprise data centers. Existing research efforts focus mainly on computer servers to lower their energy consumption, while only few studies have tried to address data center networks (DCNs), which can account for 10-20 percent of the total energy consumption of a data center. In this paper, we propose CARPO, a correlation-aware power optimization algorithm that dynamically consolidates traffic flows onto a small set of links and switches in a DCN and then shuts down unused network devices for energy savings. In sharp contrast to existing work, CARPO is designed based on a key observation from the analysis of real DCN traces that the bandwidth demands of different flows do not peak at exactly the same time. As a result, if the correlations among flows are considered in consolidation, more energy savings can be achieved. In addition, CARPO integrates traffic consolidation with link rate adaptation for maximized energy savings. We implement CARPO on a hardware testbed composed of 10 virtual switches configured with a production 48-port OpenFlow switch and 8 servers. Our empirical results with traces from Wikipedia and Yahoo! data centers demonstrate that CARPO can save up to 50 percent of network energy for a DCN, while having only negligible delay increases. CARPO also outperforms two state-of-the-art baselines by 19.6 and 95 percent on energy savings, respectively. Our simulation results with a large-scale DCN also show that CARPO can achieve more energy savings than the baselines for typical DCN topologies, such as fat tree and BCube.
EFFECTS OF BORON DEFICIENCY ON MITOSIS AND INCORPORATION OF TRITIATED THYMIDINE INTO NUCLEI OF SUNFLOWER ROOT TIPS

Boron deprivation has multiple effects upon root growth within 6 hr after this essential micronutrient is withheld. Root elongation is inhibited and this response has been attributed to a cessation of mitosis and DNA synthesis. Our preliminary results using an autoradiographic analysis of sunflower roots labeled with [3H]-thymidine demonstrated no difference in label distribution between +/-B root tips. We found that mitosis in inhibited in -B roots but does not completely cease. Scintillation counting of whole root tips shows that boron-deficient roots up to 72 hr of treatment incorporate radioactive label at a level comparable to that of the controls. Because mitosis and presumably DNA synthesis are affected by prolonged boron deficiency, these results may be brought about by a change in membrane integrity or permeability. We propose that effects of boron deprivation on DNA synthesis and mitosis in sunflower are secondary and that primary events involve alterations in cellular membranes.
Asymmetry correction to the magnetic field on fast moving ions in ferromagnets

Abstract Coulomb scattering states are used in a calculation of the dynamic magnetic field felt by ions of charge Ze when moving through ferromagnetic media at speeds ν ⪢ Z ν 0 (ν 0 is the Bohr velocity). We obtain for the dynamic field 2π 2 M 0 Z 0 ν 0 /ν where M 0 is the magnetization in the ferromagnet.
Disaster prevention plan developed for high‐risk volcano

Besides being Central America's most notorious volcano, Guatemala's Santa Maria, is now touted as a hotspot for an unlikely prospect: volcanic disaster prevention. Last November, an international workshop was held in Quezaltenango to develop an integrated plan for preventing volcanic hazards at Santa Maria, as part of a broader strategy to maximize the return on investments by focusing on team projects in natural disaster reduction.
Parallel merge algorithm for high-throughput signal processing applications

A parallel merge algorithm is proposed that results in a smaller critical-path delay than all of the other merge algorithms explored. The parallel merge circuit effectively increases the throughput of VLSI signal processing systems. The critical path of this circuit is independent of the number of input values.
Deep brain stimulation entrains local neuronal firing in human globus pallidus internus

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) relieves the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, yet the mechanism of action remains uncertain. To address the q...
The stereology of projected images

SUMMARY A generalized, geometrical approach is adopted in reviewing the basic relationships of projected structures. Projections of features from a plane to a projection line, and from a three-dimensional foil to a projection plane are considered briefly. The relationships that apply to apparent and total projections are next assembled for lines, surfaces and bounded regions. The properties of convex bodies, the geometrical attributes, and the related projected quantities are enumerated. The inter-relationships of important microstructural parameters are expressed for convex bodies in space, in sections, and in the projection plane. Based on the important concept of total projection, expressions are obtained that correct for truncation and overlap of particles in foils. Approximations to the total projection are developed for lines obscured by surfaces, and for points hidden by surfaces in space. Finally methods for determining size distributions of particles in thin foils are reviewed and recent modifications to the original procedures are discussed.
Welfare reform and older immigrant adults' Medicaid and health insurance coverage: changes caused by chilling effects of welfare reform, protective citizenship, or distinct effects of labor market condition by citizenship?

Objectives: To examine how federal noncitizen Medicaid eligibility restriction and generous state policy affect Medicaid and health insurance coverage among older adults with different citizenship ...
Enhanced drivability of high-V bd dual-oxide-based complementary BEOL-FETs for compact on-chip pre-driver applications

Enhanced current drivability of BEOL-process-compatible dual-oxide complementary BEOL-FETs on LSI-interconnects (Fig. 1) with just two additional masks to the state-of-the-art BEOL process is demonstrated, aiming at high-V bd pre-driver operation. We have developed processes so that IGZO-based NFETs have lower AR on as compared to currently available Si power devices (Fig. 6). We also developed new SnO processes, realizing a 30× I on boost for PFETs. Dual oxide semiconductor channels are integrated to form BEOL-CMOS inverters with stable and sharp cut-off characteristics (Figs. 8 and 9) for lower power operation, leading to a successful operation of an integrated 6T-SRAM cell (Fig. 11). Pre-driver capability of NFET inverters is demonstrated with MCU-controlled operation of brushless DC (BLDC) motors (Fig. 12). This technology is a strong candidate to realize high-V bd pre-drivers and low-power logic on BEOL, which gives standard LSIs a special add-on function for smart society applications.
Decomposition of Nitric Oxide over Barium Oxide Supported on Magnesium Oxide. 1. Catalytic Results and in Situ Raman Spectroscopic Evidence for a Barium−Nitro Intermediate

Barium oxide supported on magnesium oxide (Ba/MgO) exhibits unusual behavior as a catalyst for NO decomposition at Ba loadings of 11 mol % or greater. The catalytic activity is characterized by a sharp decrease in activity when the reaction temperature exceeds a certain value that depends on the partial pressures of NO and O2. The fall-off temperatures are between 630 and 700 °C for concentrations between 1% and 4% NO in helium. At 700 °C with 4% NO, the N2 formation rate was 2.5 μmol g-1 s-1 for a 14 mol % Ba/MgO catalyst. The discontinuity in activity is accompanied by an abrupt change in activation energy for the reaction, which suggests a change in mechanism. In situ Raman spectroscopy was used to follow temporal changes in the composition of the catalyst that occurred after step changes in temperature or NO concentration. A comparison of spectroscopic and catalytic results indicates that a barium−nitro phase is an intermediate in the catalytic cycle below the fall-off temperature. Nitro species at th...
Estimating the First Voltage Drop for ICs with leakage

Chip technology sets increasingly challenging limits which must not be exceeded by high- and mid frequency power noise of the chip supply voltage. An accurate estimate of the voltage drop following a Delta-I step is therefore very important for modern package development. In this paper we examine simple circuit models where the equations for the voltage fluctuations due to power noise can be solved analytically. Special attention is given to the correct treatment of chip leakage. Also, a comparison is made between circuit models that simulate the chip Delta-I noise by a constant current source and models that simulate delta-I noise by using a switching resistor
Holonic Concept Based Methodology for Part Routeing on Flexible Manufacturing Systems

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is designed to achieve good productivity and low cost. The success of an FMS depends largely on effective production scheduling and control. However, it has been found that current manufacturing scheduling and control algorithms lack the flexibility to handle interruptions or resource breakdowns; hence, system performance drops dramatically and abruptly when interruptions occur. This research develops a computer-simulation-based framework of FMS scheduling and control system using the holonic concept. This framework can maintain stability and flexibility while accommodating system disturbance, increase throughput, reduce part flow-time and work-in-process inventory, and balance workload among identical workstations. The significance of this research is the investigation of an innovative approach to revolutionary advances of control technologies for advanced manufacturing systems, and to the revitalisation of control and scheduling algorithms used by existing FMSs. A case study has been provided to substantiate the effectiveness of this proposed framework.
Multivariate behavioral genetics and development: an overview

To honor Steven G. Vandenberg on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Colorado, a symposium on multivariate behavioral genetics and development was held on May 2–4, 1985. The focus of this symposium was recent advances in multivariate behavioral genetics and their importance for the analysis of developmental phenomena. Because of Vandenberg's role in foundingBehavior Genetics, as well as the subject's relevance, the organizers of this symposium elected to publish its proceedings as a special issue of this journal. The history of multivariate behavioral genetics is outlined in this introductory paper, and a synopsis of the other papers in the issue is presented.
Dynamic storage partitioning

A model of paged multiprogramming computer systems using variable storage partitioning is considered. A variable storage partitioning policy is one which allocates storage among the active tasks according to a sequence of fixed partitions of main storage. The basic result obtained is, mean processing efficiency is increased and mean fault-rate decreased under a variable partition, provided that the curves of efficiency and fault-rate as a function of allocated space are concave up.
Flip chip overview

Despite the current high level of interest in flip chip technology there remain many obstacles to its widespread acceptance. These include among others: 1) the cost of the bumping, 2) the cost for redistribution 3) reliability data on the assembled product, 4) compatibility issues with dielectrics, and 5) known good die. This paper describes processes that place bumps either on the existing I/O pattern, or on a redistributed connection footprint. The problem of added cost due to redistribution will be dealt with through the use of a novel fabrication process that allows the formation of the redistributed trace and the bump in a single mask. A test method is also described which provides a full metallurgical contact for burn-in and test. Full metallurgical contact has been recognized as the technique that provides the highest quality tested die. Some of the concurrent activities at MCNC associated with the Flip Chip Technology Center (FCTC) are also described.
Control of Glucocorticoid and Progesterone Receptor Subcellular Localization by the Ligand-binding Domain is Mediated by Distinct Interactions with Tetratricopeptide Repeat Proteins

The TPR proteins FKBP52, FKBP51, Cyp40 and PP5 are found in steroid receptor (SR) complexes but their receptor-specific preferences and roles remain unresolved. We have undertaken a systematic approach to this problem by examining the contribution of all four TPRs to the localization properties of glucocorticoid (GR) and progesterone (PR) receptors. The GR of L929 cells was found in the cytoplasm in a complex containing PP5 and FKBP51, while GR of WCL2 cells was nuclear and contained PP5 and FKBP52. Cyp40 did not interact with GR in either cell line. To test whether FKBP interaction determined localization, we over-expressed Flag-tagged FKBP51 in WCL2 cells and Flag-FKBP52 in L929 cells. In WCL2 cells, GR showed a shift to greater cytoplasmic localization that correlated with recruitment of Flag-FKBP51. In contrast, Flag-FKBP52 was not recruited to GR of L929 cells and no change in localization was observed, suggesting that both cell-type specific mechanisms and TPR abundance contribute to the SR/TPR interaction. As a further test, GR-GFP and PR-GFP constructs were expressed in COS cells. GR-GFP localized to the cytoplasm, while PR-GFP was predominantly nuclear. Similar to L929 cells, GR in COS interacted with PP5 and FKBP51, while PR interacted with FKBP52. Analysis of GR/PR chimeric constructs revealed that the ligand-binding domain of each receptor determines both TPR specificity and localization. Lastly, we analyzed GR and PR localization in cells completely lacking TPR. PR in FKBP52 KO cells showed a complete shift to the cytoplasm, while GR in FKBP51 KO and PP5 KO cells showed a moderate shift to the nucleus, indicating that both TPRs contribute to GR localization. Our results demonstrate that SRs have distinct preferences for TPR proteins – a property that resides in the LBD and which can now explain long-standing differences in receptor subcellular localization.
Pharmacy Student Intervention Acceptance on a Cardiology Rotation

Background: There is little information published for experiential sites where pharmacy students do not round with prescribers. Aims: The goal of this retrospective study was to assess student interventions on an inpatient rotation in a private, non- academic medical centre. Methods: Students (n=100) on rotation between June 2008 and March 2013 were included. Associations between acceptance rate (AR) and time and AR and number of interventions per student were assessed using the Cochran- Armitage Trend test. Results: A total of 1,114 interventions were analysed with a mean AR of 40.5% (451). There was a statistically significant increase in the probability of acceptance as the academic year progressed ( p =0.0118) and an increase in the probability of acceptance as the years progressed from 2008 to 2013 ( p =0.0118). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that as experience was gained through the academic year, written student interventions were more likely to be accepted by prescribers.
Short-Range Numerical Weather Prediction Using Time-Lagged Ensembles

Abstract A time-lagged ensemble forecast system is developed using a set of hourly initialized Rapid Update Cycle model deterministic forecasts. Both the ensemble-mean and probabilistic forecasts from this time-lagged ensemble system present a promising improvement in the very short-range weather forecasting of 1–3 h, which may be useful for aviation weather prediction and nowcasting applications. Two approaches have been studied to combine deterministic forecasts with different initialization cycles as the ensemble members. The first method uses a set of equally weighted time-lagged forecasts and produces a forecast by taking the ensemble mean. The second method adopts a multilinear regression approach to select a set of weights for different time-lagged forecasts. It is shown that although both methods improve short-range forecasts, the unequally weighted method provides the best results for all forecast variables at all levels. The time-lagged ensembles also provide a sample of statistics, which can be...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr links proteasomal degradation and checkpoint activation.

Regulated protein degradation is a process that controls many cellular functions, including cell cycle progression, checkpoint activation, and apoptosis induction, and has also been implicated in development, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases ([45][1], [47][2], [48][3]). Most of the regulated
Improved Constructions of Three Source Extractors

We study the problem of constructing extractors for independent weak random sources. The probabilistic method shows that there exists an extractor for two independent weak random sources on $n$ bits with only logarithmic min-entropy. However, previously the best known explicit two source extractor only achieves min-entropy $0.499n$ \cite{Bourgain05}, and the best known three source extractor only achieves min-entropy $n^{0.9}$ \cite{Rao06}. It is a long standing open problem to construct extractors that work for smaller min-entropy. In this paper we construct an extractor for three independent weak random sources on $n$ bits with min-entropy $n^{1/2+\delta}$, for any constant $0
Reliable interdomain routing through multiple complementary routing processes

The Internet inter-domain routing protocol, BGP, experiences frequent routing disruptions such as transient routing loops or loss of connectivity. The goal of this paper is to address this issue while preserving BGP's benefits in terms of operational maturity and flexibility in accommodating diverse policies. In realizing this goal, we apply to inter-domain routing a common concept in the design of highly reliable systems, namely, the use of redundancy, which we introduce in a manner that maximizes compatibility with the existing BGP protocol. The basic idea is to run several, mostly unchanged BGP processes that compute complementary routes, so that in the presence of network instabilities a working path remains available to any destination. The paper outlines the design of this approach and compares it to previously proposed alternatives. The benefits of the scheme are demonstrated using actual BGP data and realistic simulations.
THE PENETRATION OF CO2 INTO LIVING PROTOPLASM

The experiments indicate that little or no CO(2) enters normal cells of Valonia except in the form of undissociated molecules. Whenever the interior of a cell is more acid than the surrounding medium (excess base being the same in both) we may expect that at equilibrium the internal concentration of total CO(2) will be less than the external.
Conventional vs. conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer : Preliminary results of dosimetry and acute toxicity

Purpose: To compare conformal radiotherapy using three dimensional treatment planning (3D-CRT) to conventional radiotherapy (Conven-RT) for patients with Stages T2–T4 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Methods and Materials: A Phase III randomized study was activated in May 1993, to compare treatment toxicity and patient outconme after 78 Gy in 39 fractions using 3D-CRT to that after 70 Gy in 35 fractions using Conven-RT. The first 46 Gy were administered using the four fields in the Conven-RT arm and field) in both arms. The boost was given nonconformally using four fields in the Conven-RT arm and conformally using six fields in the 3D-CRT arm. The dose was specified to the isocenter. The first 60 patients, 29 in the 3D-CRT arma and 31 in the Conven-RT arm, are the subject of this preliminary analysis. Results: The two treatment arms were first compared in terms of dosimetry by dose-volume histogram analysis. Using a subgroup of patients in the 3D-CRT arm (n = 15), both Conven-RT and 3D-CRT plans were generated and the dose-volume histogram and compared. The mean volumes treated to doses above 60 Gy for the bladder and rectum were 28 and 36% for the 3D-CRT plans, and 43 38% for the Conven-RT plans, respectively (p < 0.05 for the bladder volumes). The mean clinical target volume (prostate and seminal vesicles) treated to 95% of ther prescribed dose was 97.5% for the 3D-CRT arm, and 95.6% for the Convent-RT arm (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the acute reactions between the two arms, with the majority experiencing Grade 2 or less toxicity (92%). Moreover, no relationship was seen between acute toxicity and the volume of bladder and rectum receiving in excess of 60 Gy for those in the 3D-CRT arm. There was also no difference the groups in terms of early biochemical response. Prostate-specific antigen levels at 3 and 6 months after completion of radiotherapy were similar in the two treatment arms. There was only one biochemical failure in the study population at the time of the analysis. Conclusions: Comparison of the Conven-RT and 3D-CRT treatment plans revealed that significantly less bladder was in the high dose volume in the 3D-CRT plans, while the volume of rectum receiving doses over 60 Gy was equivalent. There were no differences between the two treatment arms in terms of acute toxicity or early biochemical response. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the impact of 3D-CRT on long-term patient outcome and late reactions.
Abrogation of MMP-9 gene protects against the development of retinopathy in diabetic mice by preventing mitochondrial damage

OBJECTIVE In the development of diabetic retinopathy, mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to play an important role in the apoptosis of retinal capillary cells. Diabetes activates matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the retina and its capillary cells, and activated MMP-9 becomes proapoptotic. The objective of this study is to elucidate the plausible mechanism by which active MMP-9 contributes to the mitochondrial dysfunction in the retina. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using MMP-9 gene knockout (MMP-KO) mice, we investigated the effect of MMP-9 regulation on diabetes-induced increased retinal capillary cell apoptosis, development of retinopathy, mitochondrial dysfunction and ultrastructure, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage. To understand how diabetes increases mitochondrial accumulation of MMP-9, interactions between MMP-9 and chaperone proteins (heat shock protein [Hsp] 70 and Hsp60) were evaluated. The results were confirmed in the retinal mitochondria from human donors with diabetic retinopathy, and in isolated retinal endothelial cells transfected with MMP-9 small interfering RNA (siRNA). RESULTS Retinal microvasculature of MMP-KO mice, diabetic for ∼7 months, did not show increased apoptosis and pathology characteristic of retinopathy. In the same MMP-KO diabetic mice, activation of MMP-9 and dysfunction of the mitochondria were prevented, and electron microscopy of the retinal microvasculature region revealed normal mitochondrial matrix and packed lamellar cristae. Damage to mtDNA was protected, and the binding of MMP-9 with Hsp70 or Hsp60 was also normal. As in the retina from wild-type diabetic mice, activation of mitochondrial MMP-9 and alterations in the binding of MMP-9 with chaperone proteins were also observed in the retina from donors with diabetic retinopathy. In endothelial cells transfected with MMP-9 siRNA, high glucose–induced damage to the mitochondria and the chaperone machinery was ameliorated. CONCLUSIONS Regulation of activated MMP-9 prevents retinal capillary cells from undergoing apoptosis by protecting mitochondrial ultrastructure and function and preventing mtDNA damage. Thus, MMP-9 inhibitors could have potential therapeutic value in preventing the development of diabetic retinopathy by preventing the continuation of the vicious cycle of mitochondrial damage.
Evaporation and drying of drops in superheated vapors

The evaporation of pure liquid drops and the drying of drops containing suspended and dissolved solids in an atmosphere of superheated vapor were studied. Changes in the weight and temperature of approximately 2 μliter drops of four food products, five miscellaneous materials, and pure water were measured as evaporation and drying proceeded at different drying temperatures. Evaporation of water was found to take place more slowly in superheated steam than in air. However, the medium, in which faster drying occurred, depended upon the material being dried. No major differences between the final products were observed for these two drying media except that some materials yielded denser particles in superheated steam than in air.
Pharmacist-Physician Collaboration for Diabetes Care Cardiovascular Outcomes

Background: Only 23% of patients are meeting all goals for cardiovascular complications of diabetes. Objective: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of a pharmacist-physician collaboration on attainment of cardiovascular-related goals in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This prospective, multicenter cohort enrolled patients from 7 practice sites that were members of the University of Tennessee Pharmacist Practice Based Research Network (UT Pharm Net). Patients were included if they were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, at least 18 years of age and English speaking. Pregnant patients were excluded. Patients were followed for 12 months after enrollment. Primary cardiovascular outcomes included reduction in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as well as the proportion of patients achieving a blood pressure goal of <130/80 mm Hg and proportion of patients achieving an LDL goal of <100 mg/dL. Results: For the 206 patients enrolled, the averag...
Workplace domestic violence. Intervention through program and policy development.

1. Workplace domestic violence is a costly and increasing concern to business. 2. Like other workplace hazards, workplace domestic violence has identifiable characteristics. 3. Effective intervention strategies can be developed that involve a multidisciplinary team approach, as well as written policies, procedures, and education. 4. Occupational health nurses can take a leadership role in obtaining management's support to send a strong message to perpetrators that domestic violence is not tolerated. Language: en
Quantitative study of the effect of deposition temperature on antimony incorporation in InAs/InAsSb superlattices

Abstract InAs/InAsSb superlattices (SLs) are being actively explored for infrared detector applications owing to their superior carrier lifetimes. However, antimony (Sb) segregation during growth can alter the properties of the grown material. In this study, using X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry, authors quantify the compositional profile of individual layers and establish epitaxial parameters for high-quality InAs/InAsSb SL materials. Epitaxial conditions are determined for a nominal 7.7 nm InAs/3.5 nm InAs 0.7 Sb 0.3 SL structure tailored for an approximately 6 μm response at 150 K. Since the growth of mixed anion alloys is complicated by the potential reaction of As 2 with Sb surfaces, authors varied the deposition temperature ( T g ) in order to control As 2 surface reactions on Sb surfaces. Authors find that Sb incorporation is suppressed by 21%, with the increase of T g from 395 to 440 °C. This incorporation likely stems from Sb surface segregation during InAsSb layer growth that is driven by the As–Sb exchange mechanism, which can lead to significant compositional and dimensional deviations from the intended design.
Abstract TP391: Predictors of Discharge Location and Long-Term Living Destination Following Acute Care Hospitalization for Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The DECIPHER Study

Background: The goal of this analysis was to determine factors predictive of discharge location and long-term living destination in patients following primary intracerebral hemorrhage in the DECIPHER cohort. Methods: DECIPHER is a longitudinal, multicenter, MRI-based, natural history study of racial differences in primary ICH. Inclusion criteria for this analysis were: primary ICH, age ≥ 18, signed informed consent, discharge data at baseline and year 1, and NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at baseline. Clinical and demographic data were collected on all subjects. Results: There were 135 DECIPHER surviving patients who met inclusion criteria (mean age, 58 +/- 13 years; mean admission NIHSS 8 (median 5), 53% male, 76% African American). The discharge locations for subjects directly following their acute hospitalization were: 41% home, 44% acute rehabilitation, and 15% skilled nursing facility. There was no difference in discharge location by race. At year 1, 87% of subjects were at home and 13% were at a skilled nursing facility, suggesting that the patients who were discharged to acute rehab following their hospitalization were likely to be at home at the year 1 time-point. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, significant predictors of discharge to home were younger age (p=0.001), lower baseline NIHSS (p<0.001), and being married at stroke onset (p=0.001). Neither socioeconomic status nor hemorrhage volume (independent of NIHSS) entered into the predictive model. At year 1, 70% of subjects had a good functional outcome (mRS 0-2). In a predictive model of good outcome at 1 year, baseline NIHSS (p<0.001), being married at baseline (p=0.011), and age (p=0.002) were all independent predictors, however, discharge to home versus acute rehabilitation at baseline did not enter into the model. Conclusions: In the DECIPHER cohort of patients hospitalized with primary ICH, there were no significant racial differences in discharge destination. In addition to younger age, and lower NIHSS score, being married was significantly associated with discharge home vs. acute rehabilitation. Being married was also an independent predictor of good outcome at 1 year, highlighting the important role of social support in various aspects of stroke recovery.
Effect of Arthroscopic Stabilization on In Vivo Glenohumeral Joint Motion and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Anterior Instability

Background:Glenohumeral joint (GHJ) dislocations are common, and the resulting shoulder instability is often treated with arthroscopic stabilization. These procedures result in favorable clinical outcomes, but abnormal GHJ motion may persist, which may place patients at risk for developing osteoarthritis. However, the effects of shoulder instability and arthroscopic stabilization on GHJ motion are not well understood.Hypothesis:GHJ motion is significantly influenced by anterior instability and arthroscopic stabilization, but postsurgical measures of GHJ motion are not different from those of control subjects.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:In vivo GHJ motion was measured by applying a computed tomographic model-based tracking technique to biplane radiographic images acquired during an apprehension test in healthy control subjects (n = 11) and anterior instability patients (n = 11). Patients were tested before surgery and at 6 months after surgery. Control subjects were tested once. Should...
Anisakis Simplex and Related Nematodes

This disease involves the penetration of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract by the larvae of Anisakis simplex or related species. Anisakis simplex is the most well known of these worms; related species that infect humans include Pseudoterranova (Phocanema) decipiens, Anasakis type II, and Contracaecum species. A. simplex and P. decipiens are responsible for most human infections. These nematodes parasitize fish and sea mammals, and thus humans ingest them by eating raw, pickled, or smoked fish. The potential for transmission to humans is greater in areas where eating raw or inadequately cooked fish is common, and thus the number of cases in the United States has increased in recent years with the popularity of sushi, sashimi, and ceviche. Even skilled chefs and consumers may have difficulty detecting the parasite in fish, although adequate cooking and freezing both kill the parasite.
Does the Game Really Change? How Students Consume Mediated Sports in the Age of Social Media

Social media have been said to rival traditional media in the realm of sports. Actual evidence for a change in consumption patterns, though, remains scarce. This study investigates college students’ use of multiple distribution systems in the context of sports. More specifically, the relative importance of Twitter in relation to television is assessed. In addition, variables potentially predicting a greater reliance on Twitter are analyzed. Results indicate that television remains the primary distribution system for sports and that the importance of Twitter might have been overstated. The use of social media does not diminish the consumption of traditional sports broadcasts but is positively correlated. Finally, results of a regression analysis find that a subset of individuals is more likely to rely on Twitter depending on their tendency to engage in parasocial interactions, their Twitter use patterns, and their perceived expertise in sports.
Self-setting acrylic as an immobilizing agent in mandibular fractures.

Abstract In mandibular fractures immobilized with acrylic, the response of the bone tissue adjacent to the resin was a simple process of repair and scarring, with formation of a pseudocapsule composed of fibrous connective tissue, which isolated the acrylic material from the adjacent bone. There was also a delay in the consolidation of the endosteal and periosteal calluses due to the presence of fibrocartilaginous tissue. These conditions might pave the way for a nonunion fracture or formation of a pseudojoint. There was a marked vascularization and neocapillarization of the pseudocapsule, which appeared to be more predominant in the first phase of the healing process. There was no evidence of a granulomatous type of reaction or atypical cellular response and no elements of the reticuloendothelial system to be identified. In fractures immobilized with wire, the healing process was uneventful and fast. Cellular activity was oriented toward the production of periosteal and endosteal calluses, containing centripetally progressing bony trabeculae which readily obturated the fracture defect and line.
An item-level response shift study on the change of health state with the rating of asthma-specific quality of life: a report from the PROMIS ® Pediatric Asthma Study

Purpose To examine item-level response shift associated with the change in asthma-related health state (i.e., change in asthma control status and global rating of change (GRC) in breathing problems).
Mental health assessment of young children in a managed care environment.

Developmental assessments, like all behavioral health services, have been subject to the influence of managed care. Although this influence may involve the unpleasant constraints of utilization management, motivated in part to reduce healthcare costs, managed care in fact encompasses a broader range of values and associated goals that often go unrecognized. This article examines key assumptions that underlie managed care and the implications for clinical practice in developmental assessment.
Abstract # 1736 The role of endothelial IL-1R1 in anxiogenic neuroinflammation

We have demonstrated previously that cell-type specific IL-1R1 mediates diverse functions of interleukin 1 (IL-1) in the CNS. A specific IL-1R1 expressing cell type which mediates IL-1-induced neuroinflammation and anxiety-like behavior has yet to be identified. In the current study, we investigated the responses to IL-1 in multiple mouse lines in which IL-1R1 was selectively expressed in endothelial and hematopoietic cells (Tie2Cre-IL-1R1r/r), myeloid cells (LysMCre-IL-1R1r/r), microglial cells (CX3CR1Cre-IL-1R1r/r) or location-specific neurons (AAV2Cre-IL-1R1r/r). Acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of IL-1 in these lines induced anxiety-like behavior in the wild type (WT) and Tie2Cre-IL-1R1r/r mice, but not in other mouse lines. ICV IL-1 injections in the WT mice also induced an increase of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF, leukocyte infiltration as well as microglial cell activation with Iba-1-labeled elongated processes and increased branches, which were also found in the Tie2Cre-IL-1R1r/r mice but not in other mouse lines. To exclude the possibility that infiltrating leukocytes trigger the microglial activation, we depleted leukocytes in the Tie2Cre-IL-1R1r/r mice with vinblastine or cyclophosphamide. After the depletion, microglial activation was still detected in response to IL-1. Furthermore, in the Tie2Cre-IL-1R1r/r mice, chronic central IL-1 induced neuroinflammation, characterized by microglial activation and leukocyte infiltration. These responses were significantly enhanced by peripheral IL-1 administration. These results demonstrated that signaling through endothelial IL-1R1 from both central and peripheral IL-1 can mediate IL-1-induced anxiogenic neuroinflammation.
Perceived meaning and disaster mental health: A role for logotherapy in clinical-disaster psychology

Disaster mental health, also known as clinical-disaster psychology, is an emerging area of interest among researchers and clinicians as it is important to understand the impact disaster events have on an individual’s mental health. Research within disaster events is necessary to allow researchers and clinicians to be better prepared for future disaster. Logotherapy is a meaning-based approach developed by Viktor Frankl that fits well with clinical-disaster psychology. Logotherapy assists disaster survivors in developing a sense of personal meaning as well as promoting posttraumatic growth. This chapter serves to provide a background in the areas of disaster mental health and logotherapy. Additionally, examples of personal experiences in research and practice in the field of clinical-disaster psychology, with the incorporation of logotherapeutic concepts, are shared.
Mediodorsal nucleus and its multiple cognitive functions.

The mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MDT) is one of the largest thalamic nuclei and is a typical association nucleus, participating in several cortico-subcortical networks, primarily those involving the prefrontal cortex.1–3 Pathologic involvement of the MDT or its cortical connections contributes to the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral manifestations of stroke4–6; metabolic disorders, such as Wernicke encephalopathy7; inflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis8; prion disorders, such as fatal familial insomnia9 and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease10; and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease,11 dementia with Lewy bodies,12 and Parkinson disease.13 The MDT also participates in the pathophysiology of epilepsy14,15 and schizophrenia.16 The following case shows that its involvement affects wide cortical areas and produces disabling symptoms that may not be associated with objective abnormalities in neuropsychometric testing.
THz semiconductor-based front-end receiver technology for space applications

Advances in the design and fabrication of very low capacitance planar Schottky diodes and millimeterwave power amplifiers, more accurate device and circuit models for commercial 3D electromagnetic simulators, and the availability of both MEMS and high precision metal machining, have enabled RF engineers to extend traditional waveguide-based sensor and source technologies well into the THz frequency regime. This short paper highlights recent progress in realizing THz space-qualified receiver front-ends based on room temperature semiconductor devices.
Game theoretic vulnerability analysis for the optimal defense of high speed rail

High-speed rail (HSR) holds promise as an investment to modernize our country's transportation infrastructure and serve as a driver for our national economy. The five-hundred billion dollar price tag necessitates thorough analysis and planning upfront to ensure long-term success, including a well formulated vulnerability analysis to identify an optimal strategy for deploying protective technologies and infrastructure that will render the HSR network resilient to disruptions induced by natural disasters and terrorist threats. This paper embeds a game theoretic vulnerability assessment technique that considers the impact of defending the links of the network on network vulnerability into a genetic algorithm, which searches for the optimal assignment of finite defensive resources to the links of the network. The approach is applied to the incremental HSR network deployment map given by the U.S. High Speed Rail Association, describing network construction over a fifteen year period from 2015 to 2030.
Onion thrips colonization of onion fields bordering crop and non‐crop habitats in muck cropping systems

Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, colonization of onion fields may be influenced by bordering crop and non-crop habitats. Identifying habitats adjacent to onion fields associated with high T. tabaci infestations would be valuable for improving scouting efforts and management decisions. A 3-year study examined adult T. tabaci colonization patterns within onion fields early (June through early July) and late in the season (August) in three muck regions in New York (USA). We hypothesized that early-season adult densities would be greater in onion fields bordering other crops (e.g. carrot, corn and potato) and non-crops (e.g. woods) than those bordering other onion fields and that more adults would occur along onion field edges than field centres. Results indicated similar adult densities in onion fields regardless of bordering crop and non-crop habitats in seven of nine muck region × year data sets; exceptions were more adults in onion fields bordering potato (Elba region only) and corn (Potter region only) than those bordering other onion fields. Adult densities decreased as distance into onion fields increased in only four of nine muck region × year data sets; in these cases only 38% more adults were found along field edges than field centres. Later in the season, we hypothesized that adult densities would be greater in non-mature onion fields bordering mature onion fields, and densities would be greater along field edges than field centres. Results indicated that adult densities in non-mature onion fields bordering mature onion fields were 54 times greater than those bordering other non-mature onion fields, and four times more adults occurred along field edges than field centres; adult densities were similar along field edges and centres in non-mature onion fields bordering other non-mature onion fields. Implications for T. tabaci management in onion based on these colonization patterns are discussed.
Vocalization Rate and Consonant Production in Toddlers at High and Low Risk for Autism.

Background Previous work has documented lower vocalization rate and consonant acquisition delays in toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated differences in these variables at 1...
Interplay among the Provinces: Religion, Humor, and Literature

The humorous and religious provinces of meaning permit the intrusion of pragmatic purposes from everyday life, but these intrusions reveal that the mere adoption of an overarching attitudinal stance is not sufficient for emancipation, but that what is also needed is exposure to a perspective beyond one’s own: the transcendent’s or one’s humorous interlocutor’s. While the emancipatory purposes go beyond the enjoyment of humor or the service of the transcendent, they are continuous with the emancipation that begins when one enters these provinces, as opposed to the pragmatic purposes coming from everyday life. The encompassing intentional attitudes of religion and humor and exposure to an interlocutor—the ingredients of emancipation—are thoroughly consistent with the intersubjective and phenomenological emphases in Schutz’s own oeuvre. Finally, Flannery O’Connor’s short story, “A Temple of the Holy Ghost,” illustrates how the finite provinces of humor, religion, and literature can overlap in the support of human emancipation.
Large-signal impedance for the analysis of sustained resonance in grid-connected converters

This paper introduces large-signal impedance for the modeling and analysis of sustained resonance in grid-connected converters. The large-signal impedance captures the converter impedance response for different amplitudes of the injected perturbation. Large-signal impedance based calculation of the sustained resonance amplitude (interharmonics) is presented for a grid-connected three-phase voltage source converter (VSC). The paper shows that hard nonlinearities, such as PWM saturation, dominate the sensitivity of the impedance response to the perturbation amplitude. The paper also presents modeling of the large-signal impedance for VSC; modeling challenges in the absence of the small-signal approximation and their solutions are discussed.
The Turnover of Lipids

Lipids, as a broad category of cellular constituents such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, hormones, and minerals, play varied and assorted roles in living organisms. Some fatty acids are used as energy sources and energy reserves—the triglycerides in adipose tissue represent the energy reserves storing fatty acids as esters and the brown adipose tissue functions to maintain body temperature. Other fatty acids are combined in covalent bonds in complex compounds which form much of the lipid portions of cellular and organelle membranes. Finally, the third major function of lipids is to provide structural elements of which myelin of nerve tissue is an excellent example. In addition, certain lipids may be viewed as vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids) and as hormones (the prostaglandins, steroids, etc.).
Ultrafast mechanism of energy-band modification of wide-band-gap crystals by pondermotive potential of Gaussian ultrashort laser pulse

Modification of energ4y bands of wide-band-gap crystals by ultrashort (10−14-10−15 seconds) laser pulse is theoretically studied. Formation of transient indirect-gap structure from original direct-gap one is predicted and characterized for a Gaussian pulse envelope.
Shift toward greater pathologic post-myocardial infarction remodeling with loss of the adaptive hypertrophic signaling of alpha1 adrenergic receptors in mice.

Author(s): Yeh, Che-Chung; Fan, Yanying; Xu, Yanchun; Yang, Yi-Lin; Simpson, Paul C; Mann, Michael J | Abstract: RationaleWe have hypothesized that post-infarction cardiac remodeling can be influenced by shifts in the balance between intracellular mediators of "pathologic" and "physiologic" hypertrophy. Although alpha1 adrenergic receptors (alpha1-ARs) mediate pro-adaptive hypertrophy during pressure overload, little is known about their role or downstream mediators after myocardial infarction.MethodsWe performed loss-of-function experiments via coronary ligation in alpha1A-AR knockout (AKO) mice. Post-myocardial infarction (MI) remodeling was evaluated via echocardiography, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis of cardiac fetal gene expression, histologic analysis of myocyte size, post-MI fibrosis and apoptosis, and Western blot analysis of apoptotic regulators.ResultsAlpha1A-AR knockout paradoxically increased post-MI hypertrophy compared to wild type controls (WT), but also increased ventricular dilatation, fibrosis, apoptosis, and 4-week post-MI mortality (64% in AKO vs. 25% in WT, P = 0.02), suggesting a shift toward greater pathologic hypertrophy in the absence of pro-adaptive alpha1A effects. alpha1A-AR knockout increased phospho-p38 levels in the pre-MI myocardium compared to WT (0.55 ± 0.16 vs. 0.03 ± 0.01, Pl0.05) but decreased phospho-ERK1/2 post-MI (0.49 ± 0.35 arbitrary units vs. 1.55 ± 0.43 in WT, Pl0.05). Furthermore, expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax was increased (1.19 ± 0.15 vs. 0.78 ± 0.08, Pl0.05) and expression of anti-apoptotic factors Bcl2 was decreased (0.26 ± 0.01 vs. 0.55 ± 0.06, Pl0.01) compared to WT.ConclusionsAlpha1A-AR provides an important counterbalance to pathologic pathways during post-MI remodeling that may be mediated through ERK1/2 signaling; these observations provide support for further development of an alpha1A-AR/ERK-based molecular intervention for this chronic, often fatal disease.