cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Severe Dermatologic Reactions at Multiple Sites After Paclitaxel Administration

OBJECTIVETo report a case of a severe dermatologic reaction at the infusion site, as well as at multiple distant sites, after paclitaxel administration.CASE SUMMARYA 53-year-old white male with cancer of the base of the tongue was treated with paclitaxel 100 mg/m2 infused over 3 hours and carboplatin dosed at an AUC of 6 mg/mL•min infused over 30 minutes via a peripheral vein on the left arm. After 4 doses of paclitaxel, the patient developed erythematous patches on both forearms and both thighs. The lesions on the left arm worsened into a necrotic ulcer, exposing underlying tissues. All of the lesions healed after paclitaxel was withheld from subsequent cycles. Based on the Naranjo probability scale, it is probable that paclitaxel was the causative agent for these lesions.DISCUSSIONMost of the previously reported paclitaxel-induced dermatologic reactions occurred following extravasation. There are few reports of generalized dermatologic rashes. These rashes are thought to be due to delayed hypersensitivi...
A comparative evaluation of adverse platelet outcomes among Veterans' Affairs patients receiving linezolid or vancomycin

Objectives The primary objectives were to compare the incidences of severe thrombocytopenia, critical thrombocytopenia and a relative decline in platelets from baseline (≥50% decline) between patients receiving linezolid and those receiving vancomycin. The secondary objective was to assess the relationship between vancomycin trough concentration and adverse platelet outcomes. Methods A matched cohort study was performed at the Upstate New York Veterans' Affairs Healthcare Network from January 2005 until February 2008. Eligibility criteria were: (i) receipt of linezolid or vancomycin therapy for ≥48 h; (ii) initiation of therapy as an inpatient; and (iii) baseline platelets available for evaluation. Patients who received linezolid were matched 1:1 to patients who received vancomycin. Cumulative incidences and times to event for (i) platelet count ≤50,000 cells/mm(3), (ii) platelet count ≤20,000 cells/mm(3) and (iii) ≥50% decline in platelets from baseline were evaluated. Multivariate analyses were performed. Results The study included 502 patients (251 matched pairs). The occurrences of platelet counts ≤50,000 cells/mm(3) and ≤20,000 cells/mm(3) did not differ significantly between linezolid and vancomycin patients. A ≥50% decline in platelets from baseline was observed in 78 (31.1%) patients receiving vancomycin and 43 (17.1%) patients receiving linezolid (risk ratio 0.55; 95% CI 0.40-0.77). A clear exposure-response relationship was observed between vancomycin trough concentration and ≥50% decline in platelets from baseline. Conclusions The incidence of thrombocytopenia was low and did not differ significantly among vancomycin and linezolid patients.
An integrated 42-V drive design for automobile loads with a low-distortion overmodulation strategy

This paper (also presented at [27]) presents an integrated design approach to small drives for emerging 42-V automotive systems. The emphasis is on motors for ancillary loads. The final result offers a simple and low cost solution with high efficiency and high power density. Motor and inverter designs are combined to gain advantages in power factor and operating range. A near-minimum-distortion method is introduced for the overmodulation regime to improve power factor without sacrificing harmonic performance. The design is addressed in several steps: integration of the induction motor into a 42-V environment, selection of the inverter modulation scheme, and final system integration. The proposed system consists of an induction motor wound for the proper voltage range and driven by an inverter. The inverter is used partly in the overmodulation regime when bus voltage is low. A signal is formed based on triangle injection to minimize distortion. Some alternative modulation approaches are also analyzed and compared with the proposed solution. Experimental results confirm that a low-distortion overmodulation approach can be implemented successfully
A model for the experimental measurement of the utility of gambling

It seems obvious that a gambler is motivated to take risks by expectation of gain. In the development of a theory of gambling behavior the need has been recognized of determining the gambler's “utility function” with respect to money, that is, the relative worth to him of various amounts of money. But more than money may be involved in the gambler's expected gain. Gambling itself may have a “utility” for him. Here a theory of gambling decisions takes into account both utilities.
Seismic Risk Assessment of Transportation Network Systems

When evaluating the earthquake risk to transportation system it is important to take into account the integrated effect of ground motion, liquefaction, and landslides on the network components and system. In this article, the risk from earthquakes to a transportation system is evaluated in terms of direct loss from damage to bridges and travel delays in the transportation network. The contribution of site effects to the loss from damage to bridges is estimated using the San Francisco Bay area as a test bed. Damage and loss to bridges from ground shaking and ground displacements (vertical and horizontal) from liquefaction and landslides are computed for a magnitude 7.0 scenario earthquake on the Hayward fault in California. It is found that liquefaction damage is the largest contributor to the repair cost which is used as a measure of the loss from damage. The performance of the transportation network is evaluated in terms of travel delay times. Travel delays resulting from damage due to ground shaking and...
A Domain-Specific On-Chip Network Design for Large Scale Cache Systems

As circuit integration technology advances, the design of efficient interconnects has become critical. On-chip networks have been adopted to overcome scalability and the poor resource sharing problems of shared buses or dedicated wires. However, using a general on-chip network for a specific domain may cause underutilization of the network resources and huge network delays because the interconnects are not optimized for the domain. Addressing these two issues is challenging because in-depth knowledges of interconnects and the specific domain are required. Non-uniform cache architectures (NUCAs) use wormhole-routed 2D mesh networks to improve the performance of on-chip L2 caches. We observe that network resources in NUCAs are underutilized and occupy considerable chip area (52% of cache area). Also the network delay is significantly large (63% of cache access time). Motivated by our observations, we investigate how to optimize cache operations and and design the network in large scale cache systems. We propose a single-cycle router architecture that can efficiently support multicasting in on-chip caches. Next, we present fast-LRU replacement, where cache replacement overlaps with data request delivery. Finally we propose a deadlock-free XYX routing algorithm and a new halo network topology to minimize the number of links in the network. Simulation results show that our networked cache system improves the average IPC by 38% over the mesh network design with multicast promotion replacement while using only 23% of the interconnection area. Specifically, multicast fast-LRU replacement improves the average IPC by 20% compared with multicast promotion replacement. A halo topology design additionally improves the average IPC by 18% over a mesh topology
Components of Teamwork: Impact on Evaluations of Contributions to Work Team Effectiveness1

This study examined the relationship between Dickinson's (1993) components of teamwork and ratings of team members' contributions to team success. Undergraduate students (n= 179) each viewed 1 of 8 videotapes depicting a team interacting to solve the Winter Survival Problem. Participants then completed a 52-item questionnaire assessing the connection between teamwork components and perceptions of contributions to team productivity, team viability, teamwork, and overall team performance. With 1 exception, all of the teamwork components manipulated in the study significantly affected appraisals of several aspects of worker effectiveness. Furthermore, raters considered teamwork behaviors that provided direct assistance or direction to team members as being especially critical.
A Simplified Algorithm for Computing the Half-Plane Pull-In Range of a PLL

For a second-order PLL with a lead-lag (i.e., imperfect integrator) loop filter, the pull-in range Omegap and the half-plane pull-in range Omega2 are important parameters. Both parameters play key roles in determining if phase lock will (or can) occur once the loop is closed. For values of loop detuning omegaDelta that lie in the range 0les |omegaDelta|<Omegap, the PLL will pull-in to phase lock from all values of initial phase error phi(0) and frequency error phidot(0). That is, for 0les|omegaDelta|<Omegap, pull-in will occur from all points on the (phi,phidot) phase plane (hence the name pull-in range for Omegap). For values of loop detuning omegaDelta that lie in the range Omegaples|omegaDelta|lesOmega2, the PLL will pull-in to phase lock from initial points that lie in a half-plane portion of the (phi,phidot) phase plane (hence the name half-plane pull-in range for Omega2). In the literature, a numerical algorithm is described for computing Omega2. It involves a differential equation that becomes indeterminate at a saddle point from which a separatrix must be computed by using a complicated numerical procedure. In what follows, this algorithm is simplified by transforming the differential equation to remove the indeterminacy. The modified algorithm is applied, and numerical results are given for a practical and useful range of loop parameters.
Six New Species of Phacelia (Hydrophyllaceae) from Arizona and New Mexico

Six new species of Phacelia Jussieu are described from Arizona and New Mexico, U.S.A., as P. buell-vivariensis N. D. Atwood, P. cloudcroftensis N. D. Atwood, P. furnissii N. D. Atwood, P. higginsii N. D. Atwood, P. hughesii N. D. Atwood, and P. pinkavae N. D. Atwood. The new species all belong to the Crenulatae group within the genus. The new species are compared to other members of the group based on similarities and differences in stature, seed, pubescence, and leaf and flower morphology.
Addressing America: George Washington's Farewell and the Making of National Culture, Politics, and Diplomacy, 1796-1852

This dissertation argues that George Washington's Farewell Address established the foundational principles of U.S. foreign policy and was the central text through which citizens of the Early Republic came to understand the connections between the nation's domestic and foreign ambitions. In the eyes of most Americans, the Declaration of Independence affirmed their ideals and the Constitution established their government, but it was Washington's principles that would ensure the nation's maturation into a world power. The Address became deeply embedded in the popular consciousness through annual readings on Washington's birthday, frequent discussion of its principles in the press, and as an integral component of the civic education of the nation's youth. Ordinary Americans far removed from the nation's capital and from complicated debates over particular foreign policies and their implications could still express an informed opinion on the wisdom of those policies based on their understanding of the Farewell. "Addressing America" goes beyond this popular story to illuminate how the Farewell shaped the fundamental disagreement over the conduct of U.S. foreign policy from 1796 to 1852. When Washington issued his valedictory he intended it as a flexible and pragmatic statement of the general principles that should guide the construction of foreign policies aimed at protecting American interests. An essential part of Washington's wisdom was the recognition that the nation's interests would change over time, and thus so too would its foreign policies. Five years later, incoming President Thomas Jefferson summarized his approach to foreign policy in his inaugural address of 1801 by promising "peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none." This phrase was universally seen as an allusion to the Farewell Address and it immediately entered the popular lexicon as a way of pithily describing the nation's core foreign policy principles. Over time "entangling alliances with none" became associated directly with Washington. More than just a case of misattribution, the linking of this phrase to the Farewell permanently altered the meaning of the Address for most Americans; instead of a flexible statement of general principles, it became a rigid prescription for a permanent foreign policy of virtual isolation from the rest of the world. In the fifty years after Jefferson's inaugural, the overarching narrative of American foreign policy is the conflict between these competing interpretations of the Farewell Address and how these differences in principle produced a varied understanding of both U.S. foreign policy and America's place in the world. This dissertation is the first work of historical scholarship to conduct a sustained examination of the ways that Washington's Farewell Address was understood over time by early Americans and how it fundamentally shaped their view of the United States and its place in the world.
Beyond "Living La Vida Boba": Social Space and Transnational, Hybrid Asian American Youth Culture

My goal is not so much to document the history of the Lollicup, nor the overall boba phenomenon, but to understand how Lollicup is a transnational and hybrid social space that is linked to Asian American youth culture. To understand the social meanings of Lollicup and Asian American youth culture, a relationship I will refer to as "La Vida Boba," a term appropriated from a Lollicup ad campaign, I draw upon primary and secondary document analysis, personal observations, online communication with boba consumers, and a virtual interview with a former Lollicup employee.
Workplace Accommodation as a Social Process

Successful sustained employment for people with disabilities is a function of a complex array of factors. Key among these factors is appropriate accommodation at the workplace. Current approaches to accommodation, however, are often unsuccessful. Research suggests that this is due, in part, to the limited view of accommodation as technical changes to the job. An approach to accommodation that does not take into account the social context ignores the consequences of the process on work group morale and individual self-esteem and well-being. This has repercussions for individual job performance, job satisfaction and work retention, as well as overall work group productivity. An intervention was designed to take into account the social nature of the accommodation process and pilot tested with 12 workers who were out on a short term disability leave with a psychiatric diagnosis and their work groups. Based on a psychoeducational model, the intervention educates the work group about what it means to work with a disability, provides a safe environment where the worker with disability and coworkers can share concerns about the impact of accommodation on the group, informs about the accommodation process and specifies strategies to help the worker with disability best meet job requirements. Key intervention components include 1) the development of a disclosure plan since workplace intervention cannot occur without disclosure, 2) a systematic method for identifying the work group members, 3) a formal psychoeducation training that includes the supervisor, identified work group members, and the individual in the work organization who has the authority to approve accommodations, and 4) on-going follow up support to the supervisor and worker with disability. Although generalizability of the findings is limited because of the small sample size and its application only to those with mental health conditions, they support the importance of this approach to employment outcomes for people with disabilities. First, findings suggest that the rehabilitation process cannot stop at placement. Providers must be willing and able to enter the workplace with their clients. This requires providers to take on new roles such as educators, interpreters, negotiators and trainers. Disclosure must lose its status as a taboo topic. Providers and workers with disabilities must come to understand the risks and benefits of disclosure, and, when the decision is made to disclose, must have a formal, structured plan for carrying it out. Finally, workplace intervention must take into account the social context and provide the opportunity for communication and interaction in order to insure the success of the accommodations.
Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Two Patients With Cancer Taking Rivaroxaban.

Pharmacologic agents for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism in the cancer patient population are limited. Currently, low-molecular-weight heparin is recommended by national cons...
How to Fulfill the True Promise of ``mHealth''

The author presents information on mobile health (mHealth) technology and argues that mHealth applications could be used for biomedical research as of June 2012. Topics include cell phones and the wireless transmission of health data, the cost-effectiveness of health assessments with mobile devices, and how health practitioners and software developers should collaborate to create innovative mHealth technologies.
An Advanced Environmental Chamber Control System

A direct-digital environmental chamber control system was fabricated using a commercially available calculator/computer. The resulting control system is capablc of producing elaborate and precisely controlled time-varying environmental simulations throughout the naturally occurring thermal and hygral regimes.
Isolation of functional polarized bile duct units from mouse liver.

The development of genetically altered murine animals has generated a need for in vitro systems in the mouse. We have now characterized a novel isolated bile duct unit (IBDU) preparation from the m...
Analysis of Some Prohibited Drugs in the Plant Extract by HPLC - MS

This paper describes the filtrating method to identify the prohibited drugs in plant extracts by HPLCMS. To the positive sample in scanned sample by HPLC - MS, it suggests to identify the compound by special fragment of mass spectrum. The method has important guideline according to the law.
Treatment of skin and soft-tissue loss of the thumb.

SUMMARY Many options exist to provide soft-tissue cover of the thumb. The choice of cover should be dictated by the defect itself: the location, size, and requirements for sensibility and durability. Within these boundaries, the choice of cover should be in accordance with the goals of any extremity reconstruction, permitting primary wound healing and early active use.
Isochronal behavior in left ventricular systolic pressure-wall thickness relations

Regional left ventricular systolic pressure-thickness relations have been used to assess regional load-insensitive contractility with the assumption that they possess linear isochrones that are fundamental to the time-varying elastance model of global pressure-volume relations. We examined the shape and time-varying behavior of pressure-thickness isochrones in six open-chest canine preparations. Transmural wall thickening (sonomicrometry) and ventricular pressure were altered by abrupt preload alterations during control, dobutamine, and propranolol. In all dogs and interventions, linear isochrones (r2 mean +/- SE = 0.91 +/- 0.11) were found at 5-ms intervals. During control, linear isochrone slope rose monotonically from onset to end of systole. Thickness-axis intercepts also varied continuously in time, but peak intercept and maximal slope were asynchronous. Dobutamine caused a steeper earlier maximum slope and increased slope-intercept asynchrony. Propranolol reduced maximum slope and slope-intercept asynchrony. Isochronal data during early systole were better fitted to a parabolic than to the linear model; however, fits to linear and parabolic models were equally good near end of systole. Linear isochronal behavior exists in systolic pressure-thickness relations especially near end systole and is maintained during modest inotropic alterations.
Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia--More Drugs or Bring Out the Catheter?

The treatment of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and recurrent ventricular tachycardia despite combined treatment with an implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) and antiarrhythmic drugs can be exceedingly difficult. More than 20 years ago, we found that reentry (a process in which an electrical impulse cycles repeatedly through an area of cardiac tissue) is often the mechanism of scar-related monomorphic ventricular tachycardia.1 Driven by this knowledge, researchers have developed catheter ablation procedures that can be used to target and interrupt reentrant pathways. Ablation procedures are increasingly efficacious when performed at high-volume centers in some groups of patients with ventricular arrhythmias.2–6 On the . . .
Seasonal Changes of Shoot Carbohydrates and Growth Characteristics of ‘Trakya İlkeren’ Grape Variety (Vitis vinifera L.)

This research was conducted to determine the changes in the seasonal carbohydrates of annual shoots and growth characteristics of 10 years old ‘Trakya Ilkeren’ grape variety. Grapevines are grafted on 5BB and 5C rootstocks and they were grown in heavy clay soil conditions. In the study, changes of sugar, starch and total carbohydrates were determined from bud burst to dormancy. While sugar, starch and total carbohydrates showed significant differences (P < 0.01) there were no differences between rootstocks. Although sugar, starch and total carbohydrates of shoots decreased from bud burst to blooming, they increased thereafter until vegetative growth stopped. Total carbohydrates of annual shoots have been found to accumulate in period from blooming to harvest. Total and mean leaf area, shoot length and diameter, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio showed significantly variation among rootstocks and phenological stages (P < 0.01). Whereas the highest chlorophyll contents were found in the blooming, it was found at the lowest through to harvest. Overall mean and total leaf area, shoot length and shoot diameter, total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio were significantly higher on 5BB grafted vines. In the study, 5BB rootstocks are found suitable in terms of shoot carbohydrate accumulation and growth characteristics for ‘Trakya Ilkeren’ grape variety.
Toward a neuro-developmental theory of decision attribute weighting

In previous work, several results on rapid real-time decisions from description were simulated using a neural network model including analogs of orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate, and striatum [1, 2]. This model marries adaptive resonance theory and fuzzy trace theory to develop categories that selectively weight numerical and qualitative attributes of linguistically presented options. But how do those weights develop over time? I propose a theory including interacting memory systems in the hippocampus and cortex and the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine for how context influences development of attribute weights.
Swearing: Language for Feeling

We hypothesize that swearing is an emotional action that hardly says anything other than expressing and evoking emotions and that studying swearing might shed light on the evolutionary path from motor behavior to language. Our lens is the involuntary swearing—coprolalia—associated with Tourette syndrome ( TS ). In a qualitative analysis of videotaped interviews with 16 TS sufferers and their families, we arrive at the following findings, of which the first one replicates previous findings, and the following are novel: (i) coprolalia, once believed psychogenic, is embodied; (ii) the pragmatics of swearing obeys the cultural rules of communication while violating the culture’s values ; (iii) coprolalia is unique as a speech act as it relies mainly on cultural context rather than semantics; (iv) coprolalia’s sensitivity to culture affords its performative effectiveness in hurting its hearer. Therefore, reducing the automaticity of the hearer’s interpretation of the coprolaliac’s intention can reduce the hurtful effect.
Common Mental Health Issues

This chapter provides an overview of common student mental health issues and approaches for student affairs practitioners who are working with students with mental illness, and ways to support the overall mental health of students on campus.
Relationships Between Fuzziness, Partial Truth, and Probability in the Case of Repetitive Events

Frequency-based probabilistic models are suitable for the quantitative characterization and analysis of repetitive events. Quantitative models based on the concept of fuzzy set can be applied both in the case of repetitive events and in cases where frequency-based probabilistic models are not appropriate. In the case of repetitive events there is a possibility of comparison of relationships between probabilistic and fuzziness-based interpretations of the same physical or perceptual reality. In this paper we analyze these relationships using three characteristic examples and show that in the case of repetitive events, fuzziness, probability and partial truth are three coexisting compatible interpretations of the same reality, i.e. practically equivalent concepts.
Yeast viability and concentration analysis using lens-free computational microscopy and machine learning

Research laboratories and the industry rely on yeast viability and concentration measurements to adjust fermentation parameters such as pH, temperature, and pressure. Beer-brewing processes as well as biofuel production can especially utilize a cost-effective and portable way of obtaining data on cell viability and concentration. However, current methods of analysis are relatively costly and tedious. Here, we demonstrate a rapid, portable, and cost-effective platform for imaging and measuring viability and concentration of yeast cells. Our platform features a lens-free microscope that weighs 70 g and has dimensions of 12 × 4 × 4 cm. A partially-coherent illumination source (a light-emitting-diode), a band-pass optical filter, and a multimode optical fiber are used to illuminate the sample. The yeast sample is directly placed on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor chip, which captures an in-line hologram of the sample over a large field-of-view of >20 mm2. The hologram is transferred to a touch-screen interface, where a trained Support Vector Machine model classifies yeast cells stained with methylene blue as live or dead and measures cell viability as well as concentration. We tested the accuracy of our platform against manual counting of live and dead cells using fluorescent exclusion staining and a bench-top fluorescence microscope. Our regression analysis showed no significant difference between the two methods within a concentration range of 1.4 × 105 to 1.4 × 106 cells/mL. This compact and cost-effective yeast analysis platform will enable automatic quantification of yeast viability and concentration in field settings and resource-limited environments.
The Inhibitory Effects of Aconitic Acid on Bioethanol Production

The fermentation of the sweet sorghum sugars, glucose, fructose, and sucrose to ethanol was studied in the presence of aconitic acid. In the past, aconitic acid has been identified as potential fermentation inhibitor, but very limited information exists about its inhibitory effects. As aconitic acid is naturally present in sweet sorghum (and its juice) and the fact that this plant has been proposed as a bioenergy crop, it was necessary to quantify the inhibition. Distiller’s yeast was used to produce ethanol from 83 g/L of total sugars in the presence of 0 to 13 g/L of aconitic acid. In some experiments, the pH of the fermentation was initially adjusted and allowed to drop as the fermentation progressed. In other experiments, the level of aconitic acid was held constant, while the pH was controlled at different set points between 2 and 4.5. In a final set of experiments, the pH was controlled to 2.9 and the initial concentration of aconitic acid was varied. It was conclusively shown that aconitic acid negatively impacts fermentation rate of distiller’s yeast and that the impact was pH dependent. At below pH 3.5, the impact was clearly observed and it became more influential at lower pH. The impact of aconitic acid on the fermentation rate was linked to the presence of undissociated aconitic acid which occurs at below pH 4.5. The level of undissociated aconitic acid that can be tolerated by the yeast depends on the pH. Thus, the most reasonable approach to improve fermentation rates in the presence of aconitic acid is to increase the pH of the fermentation. Both the ethanol yield (on sugar) and the final ethanol concentration (titer) were higher in the presence of aconitic acid but at a very small level (i.e., 4 and 3%, respectively). Thus, if the pH of the fermentation is increased, the presence of aconitic acid can be seen as advantageous.
Automatic topology mapping of diverse large-scale parallel applications

Topology-aware mapping aims at assigning tasks to processors in a way that minimizes network load, thus reducing the time spent waiting for communication to complete. Many mapping schemes and algorithms have been proposed. Some are application or domain specific, and others require significant effort by developers or users to successfully apply them. Moreover, a task mapping algorithm by itself is not enough to map the diverse set of applications that exist. Applications can have distinct communication patterns, from point-to-point communication with neighbors in a virtual process grid, to irregular point-to-point communication, to different types of collectives with differing group sizes, and any combination of the above. These patterns should be analyzed, and critical patterns extracted and automatically provided to the mapping algorithm, all without specialized user input. To our knowledge, this problem has not been addressed before for the general case. In this paper, we propose a complete and automatic mapping system that does not require special user involvement, works with any application, and whose mapping performs better than existing schemes, for a wide range of communication patterns and machine topologies. This makes it suitable for online mapping of HPC applications in many different scenarios. We evaluate our scheme with several applications exhibiting different communication patterns (including collectives) on machines with 3D torus, 5D torus and fat-tree network topologies, and show up to 2.2x performance improvements.
Executive Functions Brain System: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-analytic Study.

Background and objective To characterize commonalities and differences between two executive functions: reasoning and inhibitory control. Methods A total of 5,974 participants in 346 fMRI experiments of inhibition or reasoning were selected. First level analysis consisted of Analysis of Likelihood Estimation (ALE) studies performed in two pooled data groups: (a) brain areas involved in reasoning and (b) brain areas involved in inhibition. Second level analysis consisted of two contrasts: (i) brain areas involved in reasoning but not in inhibition and (ii) brain areas involved in inhibition but not in reasoning. Lateralization Indexes were calculated. Results Four brain areas appear as the most critical: the dorsolateral aspect of the frontal lobes, the superior parietal lobules, the mesial aspect of the premotor area (supplementary motor area), and some subcortical areas, particularly the putamen and the thalamus. ALE contrasts showed significant differentiation of the networks, with the reasoning > inhibition-contrast showing a predominantly leftward participation, and the inhibition > reasoning-contrast, a clear right advantage. Conclusion Executive functions are mediated by sizable brain areas including not only cortical, but also involving subcortical areas in both hemispheres. The strength of activation shows dissociation between the hemispheres for inhibition (rightward) and reasoning (leftward) functions.
Integrative Review of the Literature on Hispanics and Hospice.

The provision of optimal end-of-life care to Hispanics receiving hospice care requires familiarity with hospice-specific variables. For example, a preference for nondisclosure of terminal prognosis in some Hispanics is incongruous with traditional hospice practice. In addition, the Spanish word for hospice, “hospicio,” has negative connotations about abandonment of loved ones. Added to cultural considerations are socioeconomic considerations. Many marginalized Hispanic individuals may experience distinct challenges when enrolling in hospice due to socioeconomic hardships relating to poverty, citizenship, and lack of insurance. This systematic integrative review examines the research literature on Hispanics and hospice to report on the state of the science for this topic. Reviewed articles were identified systematically using computer research databases and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 21 reviewed articles, many are survey and low-inference qualitative designs with limited validity and trustwor...
Tip Design for Safety of Steerable Needles for Robot-Controlled Brain Insertion.

Background Current practice in neurosurgical needle insertion is limited by the straight trajectories inherent with rigid probes. One technique allowing curvilinear trajectories involves flexible bevel-tipped needles, which bend during insertion due to their asymmetry. In the brain, safety will require avoidance of the sharp tips often used in laboratory studies, in favor of a more rounded profile. Steering performance, on the other hand, requires maximal asymmetry. Design of safe bevel-tipped brain needles thus involves management of this tradeoff by adjusting needle gauge, bevel angle, and fillet (or tip) radius to arrive at a design that is suitably asymmetrical while producing strain, strain rate, and stress below the levels that would damage brain tissue. Methods Designs with a variety of values of needle radius, bevel angle, and fillet radius were evaluated in finite-element simulations of simultaneous insertion and rotation. Brain tissue was modeled as a hyperelastic, linear viscoelastic material. Based on the literature available, safety thresholds of 0.19 strain, 10 s-1 strain rate, and 120 kPa stress were used. Safe values of needle radius, bevel angle, and fillet radius were selected, along with an appropriate velocity envelope for safe operation. The resulting needle was fabricated and compared with a Sedan side-cutting brain biopsy needle in a study in the porcine model in vivo (N=3). Results The prototype needle selected was 1.66 mm in diameter, with bevel angle of 10° and fillet radius of 0.25 mm. Upon examination of postoperative CT and histological images, no differences in tissue trauma or hemorrhage were noted between the prototype needle and the Sedan needle. Conclusions The study indicates a general design technique for safe bevel-tipped brain needles based on comparison with relevant damage thresholds for strain, strain rate, and stress. The full potential of the technique awaits the determination of more exact safety thresholds.
Cognitive performance correlates with cortical isopeptide immunoreactivity as well as Alzheimer type pathology.

BACKGROUND Protein cross-linking and aggregation are important molecular processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and tissue transglutaminase (tTG) catalyzes protein cross-linking. OBJECTIVES To measure tTG, tTG enzyme activity and isopeptide, which is the product of tTG, in brain and to relate them to cognitive scores. METHODS tTG and isopeptide levels were measured in frontal gray matter of 10 normal (NCI), 10 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 9 AD brains from the Religious Orders Study. tTG enzymatic activity was measured with a fluorescence assay. RESULTS tTG protein and enzyme activity were highest in AD, but not significantly greater than MCI or NCI. In contrast, isopeptide immunoreactivity in formic acid extracts was significantly greater in AD than NCI and MCI. The level of insoluble formic acid extractable isopeptide correlated with several measures of cognitive function, including word generation and perceptual speed. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that insoluble isopeptide immunoreactivity could be accounted for by a combination of factors in the formic acid extract, including Abeta, ubiquitin and tau. CONCLUSIONS Accumulation of insoluble proteins with isopeptide bonds correlates with cognitive impairment. The relationship of isopeptide to other proteins that are also enriched in formic acid extracts suggests that several substrates of tTG may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Varicella Zoster Virus

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a DNA virus in the herpesvirus family which manifests with a generalized vesicular eruption (primary varicella, chickenpox) or painful unilateral vesicles confined to a dermatome (dermatomal zoster, herpes zoster, shingles).
Assessing Lower Extremity Lymphedema Using Upper and Lower Extremity Tissue Dielectric Constant Ratios: Method and Normal Reference Values.

Abstract Background: Lower extremity swelling accompanies many conditions, including gynecological surgery and chronic venous dysfunction. Some clinical and quantitative assessment methods exist, b...
Al0.75Ga0.25N/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterojunction field effect transistor with fT of 40 GHz

An Al0.75Ga0.25N/Al0.6Ga0.4N heterostructure field effect transistor with graded MBE-regrown contacts is designed, grown, and fabricated on AlN/sapphire substrate. Maximum drain current density (ID,max) of 460 mA mm−1 was obtained on transistors with gate length of 130 nm. The small signal measurement shows current/power gain cutoff frequency (fT/fmax) of 40 GHz/58 GHz, respectively. Parasitic resistance is found to be a significant factor limiting the frequency performance of the devices. The high frequency performance of devices with high Al concentration AlGaN channel demonstrate potential for high power and high frequency applications.
Direct Measurement of Pyroelectric and Electrocaloric Effects in Thin Films

Author(s): Pandya, S; Wilbur, JD; Bhatia, B; Damodaran, AR; Monachon, C; Dasgupta, A; King, WP; Dames, C; Martin, LW | Abstract: An understanding of polarization-heat interactions in pyroelectric and electrocaloric thin-film materials requires that the electrothermal response is reliably characterized. While most work, particularly in electrocalorics, has relied on indirect measurement protocols, here we report a direct technique for measuring both pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films. We demonstrate an electrothermal test platform where localized high-frequency (approximately 1 kHz) periodic heating and highly sensitive thin-film resistance thermometry allow the direct measurement of pyrocurrents (l10 pA) and electrocaloric temperature changes (l2 mK) using the "2-omega" and an adapted "3-omega" technique, respectively. Frequency-domain, phase-sensitive detection permits the extraction of the pyrocurrent from the total current, which is often convoluted by thermally-stimulated currents. The wide-frequency-range measurements employed in this study further show the effect of secondary contributions to pyroelectricity due to the mechanical constraints of the substrate. Similarly, measurement of the electrocaloric effect on the same device in the frequency domain (at approximately 100 kHz) allows for the decoupling of Joule heating from the electrocaloric effect. Using one-dimensional, analytical heat-transport models, the transient temperature profile of the heterostructure is characterized to extract pyroelectric and electrocaloric coefficients.
Discontinuity of weak solutions to the 3D NSE and MHD equations in critical and supercritical spaces

Abstract We demonstrate that the three dimensional incompressible magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) system is ill-posed due to the discontinuity of weak solutions in a wide range of spaces. Specifically, we construct initial data which has finite energy and is small in certain spaces, such that any Leray-Hopf type of weak solution to the MHD system starting from this initial data is discontinuous at time t = 0 in such spaces. An analogous result is also obtained for the Navier-Stokes equation which extends the previous result of ill-posedness in B ˙ ∞ , ∞ − 1 by Cheskidov and Shvydkoy to spaces that are not necessarily critical. The region of the spaces where the norm inflation occurs almost touches L 2 .
Abstract 937: Etv2 Regulates Endothelial Gene Expression With Its Novel Binding Partner Vezf1

Ets transcription factors function as important developmental regulators and are known to be modulators of cell fate. Previously, in conjunction with co-factors, we have described Ets variant 2 (Et...
Coordinated dataflow protection for ultra-high bandwidth science networks

The Science DMZ (SDMZ) is a special purpose network architecture proposed by ESnet (Energy Sciences Network) to facilitate distributed science experimentation on terabyte- (or petabyte-) scale data, exchanged over ultra-high bandwidth WAN links. Critical security challenges faced by these networks include: (i) network monitoring at high bandwidths, (ii) reconciling site-specific policies with project-level policies for conflict-free policy enforcement, (iii) dealing with geographically-distributed datasets with varying levels of sensitivity, and (iv) dynamically enforcing appropriate security rules. To address these challenges, we develop a fine-grained dataflow-based security enforcement system, called CoordiNetZ (CNZ), that provides coordinated situational awareness, i.e., the use of context-aware tagging for policy enforcement using the dynamic contextual information derived from hosts and network elements. We also developed tag and IP-based security microservices that incur minimal overheads in enforcing security to data flows exchanged across geographically-distributed SDMZ sites. We evaluate our prototype implementation across two geographically distributed SDMZ sites with SDN-based case studies, and present performance measurements that respectively highlight the utility of our framework and demonstrate efficient implementation of security policies across distributed SDMZ networks.
Intestinal Tuberculosis Masquerading as Crohn's Disease? A Case of Disseminated Tuberculosis after Anti-TNF Therapy for Suspected Crohn's Disease.

Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn’s disease (CD) very closely resemble each other in symptomatology, imaging, appearance, and pathology. While ITB is rare in the United States, its prevalence is significantly higher in endemic areas, thus presenting a diagnostic dilemma in immigrant populations from high-risk countries. This patient was diagnosed with CD and treated with anti-TNF agents after indeterminate screening for latent tuberculosis. He was then admitted with septic shock and intestinal perforation due to disseminated tuberculosis. This case demonstrates the importance the consideration of ITB when a patient with risk factors for TB fails to respond to treatment for CD.
Native aortic valve thrombosis confined to noncoronary cusp of aortic valve.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) carries numerous cardiovascular complications due to recurrent arterial and venous thromboembolism. However, thrombosis of native aortic valve in primary APLS is a ...
Lower Prices and Greater Patient Access — Lessons from Germany’s Drug-Purchasing Structure

Lower Prices and Greater Patient Access The German system for determining drug prices features collective negotiations on the part of competing health plans. It also creates incentives for agreemen...
Endoscopic Treatment of Pancreatic Fluid Collections

Acute pancreatitis is frequently complicated by pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs)usually resolve spontaneously but some can mature forming large cysts filled with fluid or necrotic debris. Historically they have been surgical remov but with advancement of endoscopic procedures, endoscopic drainage has a safe firstline treatment of PFCs. Furthermore, the development of plastic stents and lumen apposing metal stents (LAMS) has replaced not only open surgery but also the percutaneous drainage due to adverse events. the LAMS has gained favor recently as large metaanalysis suggest their advantages over plastic stents in the treatment of PFCs, however data their use in the drainage of PFCs still scarce.
Heterogeneous data-processing optimization with CLARA’s adaptive workflow orchestrator

The hardware landscape used in HEP and NP is changing from homogeneous multi-core systems towards heterogeneous systems with many different computing units, each with their own characteristics. To achieve maximum performance with data processing, the main challenge is to place the right computing on the right hardware. In this paper, we discuss CLAS12 charge particle tracking workflow orchestration that allows us to utilize both CPU and GPU to improve the performance. The tracking application algorithm was decomposed into micro-services that are deployed on CPU and GPU processing units, where the best features of both are intelligently combined to achieve maximum performance. In this heterogeneous environment, CLARA aims to match the requirements of each micro-service to the strength of a CPU or a GPU architecture. A predefined execution of a micro-service on a CPU or a GPU may not be the most optimal solution due to the streaming data-quantum size and the data-quantum transfer latency between CPU and GPU. So, the CLARA workflow orchestrator is designed to dynamically assign micro-service execution to a CPU or a GPU, based on the online benchmark results analyzed for a period of real-time data-processing.
Optimal Decoding of Convolutional Codes using a Linear State Space Control Formulation.

The equivalence of a systematic convolutional encoder as linear state-space control system is first realized and presented through an example. Then, utilizing this structure, a new optimal state-sequence estimator is derived, in the spirit of the Viterbi algorithm. Afterwords, a novel way to perform optimal decoding is achieved, named the Bowyer Decoder, which is a fully deterministic decoder in that the full FSM is known to the decoding algorithm.
School Nurses as Vital Members of 504 and Individualized Educational Program Teams: Do District-Level Policies Make a Difference in School Nurses' Involvement?

In 2019, 10 to 20 million school-aged youth were identified as having a chronic health condition or disability. However, little is known about U.S. school district policies on school nurses’ partic...
Black women improvisations: shifting methodological (mis)understandings within and across boundaries

In this special issue, entitled “Black women Improvisations: Shifting Methodological (Mis)understandings within and Across Boundaries,” we feature five articles that demonstrate how Black women as ...
Charles Carleton Massey (1838–1905)

The correspondence between Charles Carleton Massey and Laurence Oliphant is explored with special attention paid to the discussion of the sympneumata and specifically how Oliphant convinced Massey to join The Household in Palestine.