cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inverting Development Discourse in Colombia: Transforming Andean Hearths

In the 1990s, 60 percent of the households in Tuquerres, a highland town in Colombia's southwestern Andes, bought their first gas range for cooking. The residents frame their purchases as a manifestation of "development" and "modernization," say- ing the ranges are more economico, rapido, and limpio—terms readily translated as economic, fast, and clean. However, the spread of gas ranges by independent initiative inverts a top-down model of development through government and corporate actors. The resi- dents' use of a development discourse does not emanate primarily from a government or corporate development apparatus but, rather, results from the incorporation of development terms into a local history of hierarchy and stigma. Because residents use these terms to counter stigma and hierarchy, the terms involve unexpected nuances: Economico concerns spending money and cash pur- chases, ra'pido refers to new forms of family and sociability, and limpio becomes a foil to the shame of dirt. Use of these terms incorpo- rating these expanded meanings reveals that Tuquerrenos embrace aspects of development, but on their own terms. (Keywords: development, modernization, households, Colombia, Andes)
Effects of arginine-devoid diets in chronically uremic rats.

There is evidence that the kidney has a major role in the formation of the arginine used for extrahepatic protein synthesis. The effects of arginine-free diets were studied, therefore, in female Sprague- Dawley rats made uremie by partial left-renal artery ligation and contra- lateral nephrectomy. Uremie and sham-operated control rats were fed diets with amino acids proportioned as in casein or similar isonitrogenous diets in which the arginine was replaced by glutamic acid and alanine. Weight gain and the food efficiency ratio were determined, and 6 weeks after nephrectomy, a pulse dose of 14C-guanido arginine was administered. The rats were killed 2 hours later, and the radioactivity of proteins in various tissues was determined. Free arginine levels in tissues were also measured. Control rats fed diets devoid of arginine had reduced growth and a low food efficiency ratio. Free arginine levels in tissues and 14C-arginine in corporation into tissue protein in these rats were not different from controls receiving arginine except that "C-incorporation into brain protein was decreased. UrA©mie rats fed an arginine-containing diet had a reduced growth rate as compared to control rats, and 14C-incorporation into brain protein was less. In urA©mie rats, when arginine was removed from the diet, there was no further effect on weight gain but the plasma arginine level was decreased and the incorporation of 14C-guanido arginine into protein of muscle and of kidney was reduced. Hence, the effects of an arginine-free diet appears to be different in chronically urA©mie as compared to control rats. J. Nutr. 107; 495-501, 1977.
Contrasting demographic history and phylogeographical patterns in two Indo‐Pacific gastropods

Marine species with ranges that span the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA) exhibit a range of phylogeographical patterns, most of which are interpreted in the context of vicariance between Indian and Pacific Ocean populations during Pliocene and Pleistocene low sea-level stands. However, patterns often vary among ecologically similar taxa, sometimes even within genera. This study compares phylogeographical patterns in two species of highly dispersive neritid gastropod, Nerita albicilla and Nerita plicata, with nearly sympatric ranges that span the Indo-Pacific. Mitochondrial COI sequences from >1000 individuals from 97 sites reveal similar phylogenies in both species (two divergent clades differing by 3.2% and 2.3%, for N. albicilla and N. plicata, respectively). However, despite ecological similarity and congeneric status, the two species exhibit phylogeographical discordance. N. albicilla has maintained reciprocal monophyly of Indian and Pacific Ocean populations, while N. plicata is panmictic between oceans, but displays a genetic cline in the Central Pacific. Although this difference might be explained by qualitatively different demographic histories, parameter estimates from three coalescent models indicate that both species have high levels of gene flow between demes (2Nem>75), and share a common history of population expansion that is likely associated with cyclical flooding of continental shelves and island lagoons following low sea-level stands. Results indicate that ecologically similar, codistributed species may respond very differently to shared environmental processes, suggesting that relatively minor differences in traits such as pelagic larval duration or microhabitat association may profoundly impact phylogeographical structure.
Treatment of refractory and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

The incidence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased since 2000, with greater numbers of severe cases reported, in part due to the emergence of a hypervirulent strain. Initial therapy with metronidazole is still recommended for mild to moderate CDI, but vancomycin is recommended for first-line therapy of severe CDI. Colectomy could be life-saving for some patients with severe disease that does not respond to maximal medical therapy. Recurrent CDI is a challenge to treat; no single effective therapy currently exists. Treatments include antibiotics, adjunct probiotics, fecal microbiota transplant and immune approaches. This Review discusses the various therapeutic approaches used for the treatment of refractory and recurrent CDI.
Teichmueller spaces of punctured tori: I

In this paper, we study spaces of quasifuchsian groups which represent punctured ton We give a complete description of those subspaces which represent symmetric surfaces by constructing moduli as traces of the generators of these groups.
Self-aligned amorphous-silicon TFTs on clear plastic substrates

We fabricated the first bottom-gate amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistors (TFTs) on a clear plastic substrate with source and drain self-aligned to the gate. The top source and drain are self-aligned to the bottom gate by backside exposure photolithography through the plastic substrate and the TFT tri-layer. The a-Si:H channel in the tri-layer is made only 30 nm thick to ensure high optical transparency at the exposure wavelength of 405 nm. The TFTs have a threshold voltage of /spl sim/3 V, subthreshold slope of /spl sim/0.5 V/dec, linear mobility of /spl sim/1 cm/sup 2/V/sup -1/ s/sup -1/, saturation mobility of /spl sim/0.8 cm/sup 2/V/sup -1/s/sup -1/, and on/off current ratio of >10/sup 6/. These results show that self-alignment by backside exposure provides a solution to the fundamental challenge of making electronics on plastics: overlay misalignment.
3D LayoutCRF for Multi-View Object Class Recognition and Segmentation

We introduce an approach to accurately detect and segment partially occluded objects in various viewpoints and scales. Our main contribution is a novel framework for combining object-level descriptions (such as position, shape, and color) with pixel-level appearance, boundary, and occlusion reasoning. In training, we exploit a rough 3D object model to learn physically localized part appearances. To find and segment objects in an image, we generate proposals based on the appearance and layout of local parts. The proposals are then refined after incorporating object-level information, and overlapping objects compete for pixels to produce a final description and segmentation of objects in the scene. A further contribution is a novel instance penalty, which is handled very efficiently during inference. We experimentally validate our approach on the challenging PASCAL'06 car database.
SCAMPI: a scalable CAM-based algorithm for multiple pattern inspection

String matching is one of the most compute intensive steps in a network intrusion detection system. The growing network rates, rapidly approaching 10 Gbits/sec, and the large number of signatures that need to be scanned concurrently pose very demanding challenges to algorithmic design and practical implementation. In this paper we present SCAMPI, a ground-breaking string searching algorithm that is fast, space-efficient, scalable and resilient to attacks. SCAMPI is designed with a memory-centric model of complexity in mind, to minimize memory traffic and enhance data reuse with a careful compile-time data layout. The experimental evaluation executed on two families of multicore processors, Cell B.E and Intel Xeon E5472, shows that it is possible to obtain a processing rate of more than 2 Gbits/sec per core with very large dictionaries and heavy hitting rates. In the largest tested configuration, SCAMPI reaches 16 Gbits/sec on 8 Xeon cores, reaching, and in some cases exceeding, the performance of special-purpose processors and FPGA. Using SCAMPI we have been able to scan an input stream using a dictionary of 3.5 millions keywords, more than an order of magnitude larger than any published result in the literature and in commercial prototypes, at a rate of more than 1.2 Gbits/sec per processing core.
Termites, vertebrate herbivores, and the fruiting success of Acacia drepanolobium

In African savannas, vertebrate herbivores are often identified as key determinants of plant growth, survivorship, and reproduction. However, plant reproduction is likely to be the product of responses to a suite of abiotic and biotic factors, including nutrient availability and interactions with antagonists and mutualists. In a relatively simple system, we examined the role of termites (which act as ecosystem engineers—modifying physical habitat and creating islands of high soil fertility), vertebrate herbivores, and symbiotic ants, on the fruiting success of a dominant plant, Acacia drepanolobium, in East African savannas. Using observational data, large-scale experimental manipulations, and analysis of foliar N, we found that Acacia drepanolobium trees growing at the edge of termite mounds were more likely to reproduce than those growing farther away, in off-mound soils. Although vertebrate herbivores preferentially used termite mounds as demonstrated by dung deposits, long-term exclusion of mammalian grazers did not significantly reduce A. drepanolobium fruit production. Leaf N was significantly greater in trees growing next to mounds than in those growing farther away, and this pattern was unaffected by exclusion of vertebrates. Thus, soil enrichment by termites, rather than through dung and urine deposition by large herbivores, is of primary importance to fruit production near mounds. Across all mound-herbivore treatment combinations, trees that harbored Crematogaster sjostedti were more likely to fruit than those that harbored one of the other three ant species. Although C. sjostedti is less aggressive than the other ants, it tends to inhabit large, old trees near termite mounds which are more likely to fruit than smaller ones. Termites play a key role in generating patches of nutrient-rich habitat important to the reproductive success of A. drepanolobium in East African savannas. Enhanced nutrient acquisition from termite mounds appears to allow plants to tolerate herbivory and the reduced defense by a relatively ineffective ant partner. Our results underscore the importance of simultaneously examining top-down and bottom-up effects to understand those factors most important to plant reproductive success.
Internal Migration and Economic Development in Brazil

I. Introduction, 119. — II. Role of migration in the model, 122. — III. Specification of the model, 123. — IV. Estimation and verification of the model, 129. — V. Simulation results, 131. — VI. Summary and conclusions, 137.
Mechanism of Race-Dependent Platelet Activation Through the Protease-Activated Receptor-4 and Gq Signaling Axis

Objective— Black individuals are at an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, 2 vascular diseases with strong thrombotic components. Platelet activation is a key step in platelet clot formation leading to myocardial infarction and stroke, and recent work supports a racial difference in platelet aggregation through the thrombin protease-activated receptors (PARs). The underlying mechanism for this racial difference, however, has not been established. Determining where in the signaling cascade these racial differences emerge will aid in understanding why individuals of differing racial ancestry may possess an inherent difference in their responsiveness to antiplatelet therapies. Approach and Results— Washed human platelets from black volunteers were hyperaggregable in response to PAR4-mediated platelet stimulation compared with whites. Interestingly, the racial difference in PAR4-mediated platelet aggregation persisted in platelets treated ex vivo with aspirin and 2MeSAMP (2-methylthioadenosine 5′-monophosphate triethylammonium salt hydrate), suggesting that the racial difference is independent of secondary feedback. Furthermore, stimulation of platelets from black donors with PAR4-activating peptide showed a potentiated level of activation through the G q pathway compared with platelets from white donors. Differences in signaling included increased Ca 2+ mobilization, Rap1 (Ras-related protein 1) activation, and integrin α IIb β 3 activation with no observed difference in platelet protein expression between the groups tested. Conclusions— Our study is the first to demonstrate that the G q pathway is differentially regulated by race after PAR4 stimulation in human platelets. Furthermore, the racial difference in PAR4-mediated platelet aggregation persisted in the presence of cyclooxygenase and P2Y 12 receptor dual inhibition, suggesting that current antiplatelet therapy may provide less protection to blacks than whites.
When Similarity Is a Liability: Effects of Sex-Based Preferential Selection on Reactions to Like-Sex and Different-Sex Others

In 2 laboratory studies, 145 male and female undergraduates were selected for the role of manager either on the basis of merit or preferentially on the basis of their sex. Results of the first study indicated that when female subjects had been selected preferentially as compared with on a merit basis, they reacted more negatively to female (but not to male) applicants for an entry-level position in terms of personnel evaluations and competence ratings and they recommended female applicants for hire less frequently' and less enthusiastically. No differences in personnel evaluations were found as a result of preferential selection when subjects were male (Study 1) or when subjects were provided with favorable information about their ability (Study 2). Implications for implementation of affirmative action programs are discussed. It recently has been demonstrated that sex-based preferential selection can have deleterious consequences for women's selfperceptions of competence (Heilman, Simon, & Repper, 1987). Specifically, being selected for a leadership position on the basis of sex rather than merit was shown to have detrimental effects on women's regard for their accomplishments, desire to remain in a leadership role, and views of their leadership skills. However, method of selection had no effect on men. A subsequent study replicated these findings and also shed light on the process underlying them (Heilman, Lucas, & Kaplow, 1990). It demonstrated that sex-based preferential selection gave rise to negative perceptions of competence only when individuals lacked confidence in their ability to perform effectively and that men as well as women were adversely affected by preferential selection when they lacked such confidence. The results of these investigations support the idea that preferential selection exacerbates doubts and insecurities individuals have about their ability to perform. Unlike merit-based se
WISE-Integrator: a system for extracting and integrating complex web search interfaces of the deep web

We demonstrate WISE-Integrator - an automatic search interface extraction and integration tool. The basic research issues behind this tool will also be explained.
Geology and origin of Meatiq Dome, Egypt: A Precambrian metamorphic core complex?

Meatiq Dome, a metamorphic complex in the Precambrian basement of the Eastern Desert of Egypt, exhibits many of the essential features of Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes. It is an antiformal structure with low-dipping foliation and unidirectional mineral-slickenside lineation. The core consists of granite gneiss and is conformably overlain by a heterogeneous, isoclinally folded, mylonitic carapace. The carapace grades upward into a nonmylonitic cover of low-grade ophiolitic rocks. The mylonitic rocks are interpreted to have formed in a low-angle ductile shear zone during a compressional tectonic event accompanied by syntectonic intrusion of tonalite. Doming postdated mylonitization. The absence of a brittle detachment surface at Meatiq Dome is its primary distinction from the otherwise similar Cordilleran complexes.
Computing Parametric Ranking Models via Rank-Breaking

Rank breaking is a methodology introduced by Azari Soufiani et al. (2013a) for applying a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) algorithm to the estimation of parametric ranking models. Breaking takes full rankings and breaks, or splits them up, into counts for pairs of alternatives that occur in particular positions (e.g., first place and second place, second place and third place). GMMs are of interest because they can achieve significant speed-up relative to maximum likelihood approaches and comparable statistical efficiency. We characterize the breakings for which the estimator is consistent for random utility models (RUMs) including Plackett-Luce and Normal-RUM, develop a general sufficient condition for a full breaking to be the only consistent breaking, and provide a trichotomy theorem in regard to single-edge breakings. Experimental results are presented to show the computational efficiency along with statistical performance of the proposed method.
ADE: A Framework for Robust Complex Robotic Architectures

Robots that can interact naturally with humans require the integration and coordination of many different components with heavy computational demands. We argue that an architecture framework with facilities for dynamic, reliable, fault-recovering, remotely accessible, distributed computing is needed for the development and operation of applications that support and enhance human activities and capabilities. We describe a robotic architecture development system, called ADE, that is built on top of a multi-agent system in order to provide all of the above features. Specifically, we discuss support for autonomic computing in ADE, briefly comparing it to related features of other commonly used robotic systems. We also report our experiences with ADE in the development of an architecture for an intelligent robot assistant and provide experimental results demonstrating the system's utility.
Attenuated cardiovascular effects of prostaglandin I2 and prostaglandin F2α in cold acclimated American bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana

American bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana respond to prostaglandins with changes in heart rate and blood pressure. These studies compare responses of warm (22 degrees C) and cold acclimated (5 degrees C) bullfrogs to prostaglandins. Gas chromatographic analysis determined equivalent fatty acid profiles in total lipids of heart and artery tissue from warm and cold acclimated animals. Arachidonic acid was the fatty acid precursor found in greatest abundance in both groups. For cardiovascular experiments, bullfrogs were cannulated by using a T-cannula implanted in the right sciatic artery. In warm acclimated bullfrogs, preinfusion systemic arterial pressure (SAP) was 14.7 +/- 0.5 mm Hg, and heart rate was 33.0 +/- 1.7 beats/min. Cold acclimated bullfrogs had SAP values of 8.0 +/- 0.8 mm Hg, and heart rate was 6.9 +/- 0.3 beats/min. Arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acid infusions (2,000 micrograms/kg body weight [bw]) were hypertensive in cold acclimated and hypotensive in warm acclimated animals. These effects were blocked by indomethacin (4 mg/kg bw). In both warm and cold acclimated bullfrogs, prostaglandin F2 alpha (3-100 micrograms/kg bw) was hypertensive, while prostaglandin I2 (0.03-3 micrograms/kg bw) was hypotensive, with both prostaglandins stimulating a greater absolute response in warm acclimated animals. In addition, both prostaglandins increased heart rate in warm but not in cold acclimated bullfrogs. The results suggest diminished cardiovascular sensitivity to prostaglandins at low environmental temperatures.
Impact of experimentally measured Doppler spectrum of ground clutter on MTI and STAP

The experimental measurement of the Doppler spectrum of the ground clutter has revealed an exponential shape in contrast to the commonly used Gaussian shape. The goal of this paper is to investigate its consequences on two practical applications, namely: clutter cancellation and target detection with coherent optimum MTI on ground based radar and with space-time adaptive processor (STAP) on airborne radar. The experimental evidence of the Doppler spectrum for ground clutter is included and the improvement factor of an optimum MTI is compared for Gaussian shaped as well as exponentially shaped clutter spectrum. The loss of improvement factor (IF) and the reduction of the target visibility as a function of the target Doppler frequency and of the number of integrated pulses are evaluated. A similar analysis is also presented for the case of an airborne radar equipped with a digital beam forming and a STAP.
A simple model for fractional non-Gaussian processes

Fractionally differenced Gaussian noise processes have been found to be useful for modeling the long-term dependencies exhibited by many real processes. Non-Gaussian processes have also been observed which exhibit long-term dependencies, but simple models have been lacking. A simple model which is a generalization of the fractionally differenced Gaussian noise process is proposed. The model should be useful for generating the random vectors needed for simulating systems which produce some result based on a finite length block of observations. >
User-Centered Design of a Wall Clock

An analytical approach to the user-centered design of a wall clock utilizing an engineering model, a cost model, and a marketing model is demonstrated. An engineering model is used to optimize the design with respect to material use and functionality. A cost model considers fixed and variable costs for the producer. The marketing model utilizes preference data collected from a discrete choice conjoint analysis survey and analyzed with the logit model to represent user preferences quantitatively in the form of demand curves. The survey explores tradeoffs among four product characteristics (face diameter, frame width, font style, and font size) and price. The engineering, cost, and marketing models are integrated and the design is optimized to maximize profit by considering tradeoffs among design requirements, cost, price, and product characteristics. Cluster analysis defines three market segments within the survey preference data and solutions are optimized for each of the three market segments.
All together now: strategy mapping for family businesses

Purpose – This paper aims to introduce a supplementary strategic mapping tool designed specifically for family businesses. The authors extend the popular tool of strategy maps into the family business arena to address potential misalignments arising from the family imprint on a business. The resulting family enterprise strategy map (FESM) aims, both literally and figuratively, to get internal stakeholders on the same page in their pursuit of family business objectives. Using the FESM, family managers can enhance strategy design and implementation, thereby increasing the viability and longevity of their enterprises for future generations. Design/methodology/approach – The framework draws from previous work on strategic maps, from scholarly research on family businesses and from the authors’ experiences consulting with family enterprises. The framework addresses four distinct but interrelated perspectives requiring managerial attention: family business objectives, family alignment, family systems and family business foundation. The case of Mondavi Winery is used to illustrate the prescriptive value of the FESM. Findings – The FESM is meant to be used cooperatively among internal stakeholders to tease out potential challenges that can hinder the effective design and implementation of a family business strategy. The FESM makes explicit the primary objectives of the family business, prompts stakeholders to voice professional and personal ambitions in the business and brings individual risk propensities to the dialogue. Systems and activities necessary for successful strategy implementation are also underlined in the FESM. Lastly, the framework helps to identify the strategic foundation that can be leveraged to achieve the family enterprise’s objective. Originality/value – The value of the FESM is threefold. First, having family members and non-family managers engage in this activity can make known individual, family and non-family functions, desires and goals. In doing so, the FESM also effectively highlights misalignments among and between various internal stakeholders that may otherwise go unnoticed. Second, the FESM draws management’s attention to specific family-related resources and capabilities within the company and, just as importantly, those that need to be cultivated to achieve strategic objectives. Third, the FESM can serve as a valuable reminder during those times when family systems begin to malfunction or to diverge from intended objectives.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF METASTATIC TUMORS IN THE LUNGS

SUMMARY During a 21-year period ending with 1962, a total of 221 operations for the attempted cure of metastatic tumors in the lung were performed on 205 Mayo Clinic patients. Of the 205 primary tumors, 164 (80 per cent) were carcinomas and 41 (20 per cent) were sarcomas. The over-all survival rate of 185 traced patients was 77.3 per cent, 38.6 per cent, and 30.3 per cent for 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively.
Interpreter for topologists

Let M be a transitive model of set theory. There is a canonical interpretation functor between the category of regular Hausdorff, continuous open images of Cech-complete spaces of M and the same category in V, preserving many concepts of topology, functional analysis, and dynamics. The functor can be further canonically extended to the category of Borel subspaces. This greatly simplifies and extends similar results of Fremlin.
Reusing MRTs for mobile GPUs

Recent mobile GPUs support OpenGL ES 3.x for high quality graphics contents. Multiple render targets (MRTs) are one of the new important features of the OpenGL ES 3.x specification. MRTs facilitate rendering multiple render-target textures (called G-buffer) at once, so this feature enables deferred shading; after various geometry data, such as color, normal, reflection, and refraction, are rendered into the G-buffer in the first pass, we can perform screen-space lighting using the G-buffer data in the second pass. Complex lighting with deferred shading is now very common on desktop and console devices.
Some Fallacies in Wentworth's Geometry

(1902). Some Fallacies in Wentworth's Geometry. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 37-39.
Effects of tranexamic acid and bipolar sealer alone or in combination in primary total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background The purpose of this study was to compare 2 blood management interventions, tranexamic acid (TXA) and bipolar sealer system (BSS) used independently or in combination with a control group during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
The Fully-Computerized Studio

The use of remote camera-control systems for news studios, enabling an operator to reposition the camera and recall preprogrammed positions remotely, is well established. By expanding camera-control systems to include the capability to control other broadcast machines, substantial production cost savings can be made. This article examines the principal features of an integrated machine and camera-control system, starting with some design aspects of servo-controlled pan-and-tilt heads and communication techniques and concluding with examples of systems for use in news studios and legislatures.
Conceptual Design of the NGNP Reactor System

In May 2010, General Atomics (GA) was awarded a contract by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) project to develop the conceptual design for a steam-cycle modular helium reactor (SC-MHR) demonstration plant. The SC-MHR is a graphite-moderated, helium-cooled reactor that is designed to produce steam for industrial applications and/or electricity production using a Rankine cycle. The SC-MHR operates with a thermal power level of 350 MW and a coolant outlet temperature of 725°C. This paper provides an overview of the conceptual design of the SC-MHR reactor system (RS), including assessments of core performance in the areas of reactor physics and power distributions, temperature/flow distributions, fuel integrity, and fission product release.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
The Influence of Castration and Methimazole on Deoxyribonucleic Acid Content of the Pituitary and Thyroid Glands of White Leghorn Cockerels

The pituitary gland of birds is known to increase in weight with castration and decreases with chemical thyroidectomy. Whether these changes are due to alterations in mitotic activity or to cell size changes has been examined by measurement of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein content of these glands. The DNA content of the enlarge pituitary of castrated cockerels is the same as that in the pituitary of normal cockerels. The pituitary size increase may be due to an increase in gonadotrope size including any part of the gonadotrope population which may be obtained by recruitment of other basophils. The retardation in pituitary size and DNA content with methimazole treatment is probably due, at least in part, to growth retardation but may also be due, in part, to the conversion of larger basophils to smaller thyrotropes.
Increased F-18 FDG uptake in the stomach

A 66-year-old man with prostate cancer and an increasing prostate-specific antigen level was referred to the authors' department to undergo a fluorine-18 fluorode-oxyglucose (F-18 FDG) whole-body PET scan to evaluate the extent of his disease. The coronal whole-body PET image showed intense F-18 FDG uptake below the heart in what appeared to be another heart below the diaphragm. When more anterior coronal and sagittal PET images were reviewed, it became clear that the uptake represented the fundus of the stomach. The patient had diffusely increased uptake throughout the stomach. He had a history of gastritis, which most likely was the cause for this unusual finding.
Age structure and reproductive history of some overwintering face fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations in North America.

Overwintering natural populations of face flies, Musca autumnalis DeGeer, were sampled periodically in northern California during 1977–1978, in central Iowa during 1979–1984, and in Minnesota during 1982–1984. Survival in winter and spring was independent of fly size. The fecundity of overwintered survivors in spring was as predicted by the size of autumn flies, and the relic fly populations demonstrated constant fecundities as they aged. The incidence of first ovipositions by overwintered flies and the appearance of their subsequent adult progeny in Iowa, California, and Minnesota were compared and related to Julian date and thermal-unit summations. Thermal units summed from 1 January predicted the average date of midpoint first oviposition to 0.1 day.
Tumor growth regulation by modulation of basic fibroblast growth factor.

Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) were initially characterized for their mitogenic properties [1]. Since then, members of this family of growth factors have been shown to be growth stimulatory for a variety of cell types in vitro, including glial cells [2–4]. The importance of FGF in tumor biology is supported by the demonstration that FGFs stimulate tumor angiogenesis [5], a process critical for the sustained growth of solid tumors [6]. In addition, cells transfected with bFGF exhibit amplified autocrine growth in monolayer culture and in soft agar, suggesting a role in cell transformation [7]. Finally, several recently described oncogenes, int-2, hst/KS3, and FGF-5, discovered in human tumors encode proteins which share 40–45% homology with bFGF [8–11].
TEST STUDY ON AND APPROACH TO BIASED SECONDARY AIR IN CONCENTRICALLY AND TANGENTIALLY FIRING SYSTEM

The influence of biased secondary air in concentrically and tangentially firing system upon the air dynamic field in furnace, slagging, and NOx emission etc. has been studied and approached, the problems needing to pay attention during design of biased secondary air being analysed. At the same time, recommendations for adopting reasonable biased angle of the said secondary air, and for momentum moment ratio of the primary and secondary air, as well as for suitable coal quality have been put forward.
Peripheral nerve injury associated with fractures.

The problem of combined injuries of the peripheral nerves and fractures of the long bones is covered from etiologic and pathogenetic points of view.Principles regarding rates and times of recovery and methods of following rate of recovery are outlined.Correct diagnosis is important so that adequate treatment, employing the principles outlined, may follow.
Phenobarbital in Neonatal Seizures

Phenobarbital plasma levels 24 hrs after a loading dose, and drug level variations after intravenous maintenance doses, were studied in 25 newborns with seizures admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit at the Maternity-School Hospital of Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Hierarchical Bayesian small area estimation for circular data

We consider small area estimation for the departure times of recreational anglers along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States. A Bayesian area-level Fay–Herriot model is considered to obtain estimates of the departure time distribution functions. The departure distribution functions are modelled as circular distributions plus area-specific errors. The circular distributions are modelled as projected normal, and a regression model is specified to borrow information across domains. Estimation is conducted through the use of a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampler and a projective approach onto the probability simplex. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 44: 416–430; 2016 © 2016 Statistical Society of Canada
Clarifying the Links of Conscientiousness with Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology

Objective: Although conscientiousness/disinhibition plays a substantial role in internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, the underlying mechanisms are not well-understood. We aim to clarify facet-level associations, and to examine whether (a) impairment mediates the link of conscientiousness with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and (b) demoralization (assessed via neuroticism) accounts for their associations. Method: 450 participants (Mage=42; primarily female and Caucasian) who reported current/recent psychiatric treatment completed two measures of domain and facet-level traits (i.e., NEO PI-3, PID-5), as well as interview measures of impairment and disorders. Correlation, regression, and mediation analyses were conducted. Results: Internalizing disorders (and particularly, the distress disorders) were uniquely associated with facets related to low self-efficacy, whereas externalizing disorders were uniquely associated with risk-taking and disregarding rules. For the internalizing disorders only, these associations were reduced after accounting for neuroticism, though associations with distress disorders remained significant. Impairment mediated the link between conscientiousness and symptoms for internalizing disorders, but not consistently for externalizing disorders. Conclusions: The internalizing and externalizing disorders are associated with conscientiousness due to different facet-level content. Demoralization and impairment both contribute to the link between internalizing disorders and conscientiousness, whereas neither process accounts substantially for the relation of externalizing disorders with conscientiousness. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
A Taste for Brown Bodies: Gay Modernity and Cosmopolitan Desire by, Hiram Pérez

In literary critic Hiram Perez’s estimation, queer studies, as an academic intervention predicated on the disavowal of normativity and desire for nonexclusionary politics, has largely failed to rec...
Correlation of focal adhesion assembly and disassembly with cell migration on nanotopography

Selective cell adhesion is desirable to control cell growth and migration on biomedical implants. Mesenchymal cell migration is regulated through focal adhesions (FAs) and can be modulated by their microenvironment, including changes in surface topography. We use the Number and Molecular Brightness (N&B) imaging analysis to provide a unique perspective on FA assembly and disassembly. This imaging analysis generates a map of real-time fluctuations of protein monomers, dimers, and higher order aggregates of FA proteins, such as paxillin during assembly and disassembly. We show a dynamic view of how nanostructured surfaces (nanoline gratings or nanopillars) regulate single molecular dynamics. In particular, we report that the smallest nanopillars (100 nm spacing) gave rise to a low population of disassembling adhesion clusters of ∼2 paxillin proteins whereas the larger nanopillars (380 nm spacing) gave rise to a much larger population of larger disassembling clusters of ∼3-5 paxillin proteins. Cells were more motile on the smaller nanopillars (spaced 100-130 nm apart) compared to all other surfaces studied. Thus, physical nanotopography influences cell motility, adhesion size, and adhesion assembly and disassembly. We report for the first time, with single molecular detection, how nanotopography influences cell motility and protein reorganization in adhesions.
Controlling the Geometries of Si Nanowires through Tunable Nanosphere Lithography.

A tunable nanosphere lithography (NSL) technique is combined with metal-assisted etching of silicon (Si) to fabricate ordered, high-aspect-ratio Si nanowires. Non-close-packed structures are direct...
Symmetry and Electron Energy Levels

Electrons in a crystalline solid interact with the atoms on the lattice and with other electrons. Some of the electrons remain part of their parent atom. However, others take part in bonding the atoms together to form the crystal lattice and others may become quasi‐free electrons that can move about in the solid. Chapter 4 discussed the importance of symmetry in determining the properties of electron energy levels of an isolated ion in a crystal field. In the examples given, the d and f electron orbitals were assumed to have no overlap with electrons on neighboring atoms. The bonding was purely ionic in nature and any covalency was treated as a minor perturbation on the results. In this chapter the importance of symmetry in describing the properties of chemical bonding is discussed and then the use of symmetry in determining the properties of energy bands of quasi‐free electrons is described. The dispersion relations for electronic energy bands are similar to the phonon dispersion properties described in Chap. 7.
ST2 and Endothelial Injury as a Link between GVHD and Microangiopathy

Some patients with high ST2 levels, a marker for endothelial injury that is seen in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), may have a response to treatment aimed at thrombotic microangiopathy.
Fragmented Identities: Contention of Space and Identity Among Salvadoran Deportees

The focus of this chapter is on male, Salvadoran deportees, aged 20–35, who after spending their formative years in the United States are faced with the task of reintegrating into Salvadoran society. Through this sample, the chapter explores the experience of deportees in the growing call-center sector and the consequences of deportation on their lives. Specifically, the chapter highlights (1) the experience of young, male deportees in call-centers, (2) their networks of support, (3) and the recent evolution of Salvadoran migration policy. El Salvador’s growing call-center industry serves as the backdrop, as a call-center was the site where the participants for the study were interviewed, and is a setting continuously framed as a site of criminality by local Salvadorans.
Attitude Toward Own Aging: Age Invariance and Construct Validity Across Middle-Aged, Young-Old, and Old-Old Adults

The Attitude Toward Own Aging (ATOA) Scale assesses an individual’s evaluation of their own aging, and has been widely used in the field of subjective aging literature. The present study examined whether the ATOA scale measures the same construct across middle-aged (40–60), young-old (61–74), and old-old adults (ages 75 or older) and also evaluated the construct validity of the ATOA construct in relation to measures of subjective well-being. Data drawn from the 2008 wave of the German Aging Survey (DEAS; n = 6091) were used. ATOA was assessed by the ATOA subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS), and subjective well-being was assessed with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the model fit of the one-factor model consisting of four items fits the data well. Multi-group invariance analyses provide evidence for configural and metric invariance of the ATOA scale across the age groups, but not for scalar invariance. Additional analysis assessing construct validity indicated that the ATOA items exhibited convergent validity. The findings support the utility of the 4-item scale when examining age group differences of ATOA across a wide age range and that ATOA is distinct from measures of subjective well-being.
Summation and a Look to the Future

The volume begins with the story of one early childhood administrator’s quest for developmentally appropriate anti-HIBT activities and lessons for three-and-four-year-olds and the ramifications of that search. It continues with a description of the parallel development, implementation and assessment of an anti-bullying program in a multicultural Indonesian school. The second section of the book consists of a review of the research projects completed by undergraduate and graduate students in the United States (U. S.) and graduate students in Indonesia in early childhood, elementary and secondary schools. Preschool, kindergarten, primary, upper elementary and secondary school students, and their teachers, participated in these studies. The description of a research partnership between a tolerance museum center and an institution of higher education concludes this section.
Some Cell Surface Properties of Thymus-Derived Lymphocytes in Bursectomized Chickens

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions have been shown to be mediated by thymus-derived T lymphocytes (1,2). It is apparent from the specificity of delayed reactions and from the demonstration of T cell memory (3), that at some stage of differentiation, such cells are capable of recognizing specific antigenic determinants. It has been proposed that as in the case of B cells, the antigen recognition T cell is dependent on a surface immunoglobulin (Ig), the only molecule thus far identified with antigen combining sites (4). Experimental evidence of the presence of such Ig molecules on the T cell surface has been conflicting. Both positive and negative results have been obtained in 1) attempts to radioiodinate directly any surface Ig present on mouse thymocytes (5,6); 2) antigen binding studies (7,8); and 3) inhibition of T lymphocyte function with anti-Ig antisera (9,10). Since the agammaglobulinemic (aγ) chicken can be immunized to give a normal delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reaction, it provides an ideal system in which to study the nature of possible antigen receptor sites in a presumably sensitized population of T cells.
Quantitative Research Surveys of Fish Stocks

Fisheries research surveys are designed and conducted for a variety of purposes. Some examples are those of defining geographical limits of distribution, describing diurnal movements or seasonal migrations, and determining abundance. The main purpose considered here is that of determining abundance. Quantitative research surveys of fish stock abundance are carried out to avoid the well-known shortcomings of fishery-dependent methods. Five generic survey types are described: egg and larval survey, mark-recapture experiment, fish capture survey, acoustic survey, and optical survey. Methods of direct observation (Godo 1998) are emphasized. Common to each of these generic surveys, in addition to overall aim, is the use of computing resources. This varies from survey type to survey type, because of the kinds of operations that are performed and quantities of data to be treated. Typical operations involving computers are listed.
GRANULOMATOSIS | Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

Lymphatoid granulomatosis (LG) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology affecting multiple sites, most notably within the lungs, skin, and central nervous system. The clinical presentation is similar to a systemic vasculitis, thereby necessitating a definitive evaluation to differentiate the two entities, as LG is now believed to be a malignant lymphoma. Characteristic of LG is a triad of histology including: (1) polymorphic lymphocytic infiltrates with small lymphocytes, plasma cells, and atypical mononuclear cells termed immunoblasts, (2) angioinvasion with transmural infiltration of arteries and veins by T lymphocytes, previously termed ‘angiitis’, and (3) focal necrosis within the vessel walls, termed ‘granulomatosis’. In association with the majority of cases is the concurrent or recent infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Optimal therapy has yet to be determined but chemotherapy, usually corticosteroids with cyclophosphamide, has been successful in some patients, especially in the more aggressive variants. In light of the association of EBV and clonal proliferation of B lymphocytes, novel antiviral therapy and B-cell-specific therapies have been used with success.
Age-Associated Decline in Peripheral Lymphoid Organ Functions

Immunosenescence occurs after maturation and is expressed as a series of failing immunologic functions. Aging is best studied in the peripheral organs of the immune system such as lymph nodes, spleen, and isolated lymphoid tissues. The functional immunological building blocks of peripheral lymphoid organs are the lymphoid follicles. Aging defects occur in the components of lymphoid follicles, such as the T cells, B cells, and accessory cells, e.g., the dendritic cells. Among the dendritic cells, the most influential on the aging humoral immune response is the follicular dendritic cell (FDC). In aged mice, the Ab response is depressed because of the reduced capacity of FDCs to trap ICs needed for stimulation of B cells. This path is interrupted by the 70% age-related reduction of FcγRII on FDCs and the 88% age-related reduction in IC trapping. Thus, we conclude that these reductions account, in large part, for the declining Ab response in aged animals.