cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sliding friction and heat generation in pressurized U-cup seals under low-speed reciprocating conditions

A test apparatus was designed and constructed to investigate the friction and heat generation characteristics of sliding polymeric U-cup seals used in high-pressure nitrogen gas springs. Tests were run at three speeds; and friction and temperature data were obtained. Seal specimens were examined under a scanning electron microscope before and after each test. Evidence of degradation and thermal softening of the seal material was found for the highest relative speed tests where elevated temperatures were measured. In addition, a semi-empirical transient finite-difference thermal analysis of the rod and the high-pressure chamber in the test apparatus was also developed. Numerical simulations of the three tests were performed using measured friction force data, and temperature predictions from the model were compared with those measured at different locations in the test apparatus. Predicted values exhibited reasonable agreement with the measured values, particularly under steady-state conditions. The variations observed for certain transient conditions appeared to be due to overestimated convective heat transfer coefficients at lower speeds, and due to the transient nature of thermal resistances between the seal cartridge and the high-pressure chamber, which may vary with a change in temperature.
Energetic stability of hydrogen-chemisorbed carbon nanotube structures

Abstract To optimize the performance of carbon nanotubes in the area of hydrogen storage we explore stable structures that can form upon hydrogenation. Through free energy calculations using first-principles DFT we find that at room temperature the trans-hydride structure, i.e., one in which H-atoms chemisorbed on nearest-neighbor sites alternate between outside and inside of the nanotube is the most stable structure under moderate hydrogen dosage for tubes with diameter >1.2 nm. Such structures are energetically stable with respect to recombination into H 2 or decomposition into hydrocarbons like benzene or ethylene. We also find that the IR spectrum of the trans-hydrides display striking dependence on nanotube chirality.
On the scalability of asynchronous parallel computations

Abstract This paper investigates the time lost in a parallel computation due to sequential and duplicated work, communication, and blocking, and proposes characterizations of parallel algorithms based upon the communication complexity and the blocking model. It discusses the impact of the processor′s architecture upon the measured speedup. It shows that a large speedup may be due to an inefficient sequential computation, rather than to an efficient parallel computation. A model of parallel computation which takes into account sequential and duplicated work, communication and control, and blocking is presented. It parametrizes scalability using three functions of the number P of processors: E ( P ) = the number of communication events, ƒ( P ) = the fraction of sequential and duplicated work plus the algorithmic blocking, I ( P ) = the instruction execution rate. The characteristic function E ( P ) is the most important as in many computations ƒ( P ) and I ( P ) are nearly constant. The model is used to predict the asymptotic behavior, the maximum speedup, and the optimal number of processors. A 3-D FFT algorithm and a Chebyshev iterative algorithm are used to illustrate the concepts introduced.
Dynamic behavior of the diphosphine ligand in H4Ru4(CO)10(dppe) revisited: kinetic data supporting a nondissociative isomerization of the dppe ligand.

The kinetics for the bridge-to-chelate isomerization of the dppe ligand in H 4 Ru 4 (CO) 10 (dppe) have been investigated by UV-vis and NMR spectroscopies over the temperature range of 308-328 K. The isomerization of the ligand-bridged cluster 1,2-H4Ru4(CO)io(dppe) (1-br) was found to be reversible by 31 P NMR spectroscopy, affording a K eq = 15.7 at 323 K in favor of the chelating dppe isomer 1-ch. The forward (k 1 ) and reverse (k -1 ) first-order rate constants for the reaction have been measured in different solvents and in the presence of ligand-trapping agents (CO and PPh 3 ). On the basis of the activation parameters and reaction rates that are unaffected by added CO and PPh 3 , a sequence involving the nondissociative migration of a phosphine moiety and two CO groups between basal ruthenium centers is proposed and discussed.
Sampling stratospheric aerosols with impactors

Derivation of statistically significant size distributions from impactor samples of rarefield stratospheric aerosols imposes difficult sampling constraints on collector design. It is shown that it is necessary to design impactors of different size for each range of aerosol size collected so as to obtain acceptable levels of uncertainty with a reasonable amount of data reduction.
Parmenides' Sail and Dionysodorus' Ox*

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Acetone and acetaldehyde oligomerization on TiO2 surfaces

Abstract Acetone undergoes aldol condensation and cyclization reactions on TiO 2 to form mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) below 400 K. The reaction rate is slow on pure anatase TiO 2 , but on Degussa P25, a mixture of anatase and rutile, more than 20% of a monolayer of acetone forms mesitylene during temperature-programmed desorption or hydrogenation. Other C 5 –C 9 hydrocarbon products also form on both oxidized and reduced TiO 2 , whereas hexene forms only on reduced TiO 2 . Acetaldehyde undergoes aldol condensation on both types of TiO 2 ; acetaldehyde either desorbs or forms dimeric condensation products on anatase. However, on Degussa P25 TiO 2 , trimeric condensation products, higher molecular weight compounds, and coke also form. In addition, C 5 H 8 , C 5 H 10 , C 6 H 10 , and C 9 H 14 form as secondary reaction products of aldol condensation. Surface concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetone are higher on Degussa P25 than on anatase TiO 2 . Degussa P25 has more sites that catalyze aldolization, and it has more acid sites. These condensation reactions, which take place at relatively low temperature, may be partly responsible for deactivation of Degussa P25 during photocatalytic oxidation.
Mechanical implications of estrogen supplementation in early postmenopausal women.

Whereas the structural implications of drug intervention are well established, there are few data on the possible mechanical consequences of treatment. In this work we examined the changes in elastic and shear moduli (EM and SM) in a region of trabecular bone in the distal radius and distal tibia of early postmenopausal women on the basis of MRI-based micro-finite-element (µFE) analysis. Whole-section axial stiffness (AS) encompassing both trabecular and cortical compartments was evaluated as well. The study was conducted on previously acquired high-resolution images at the two anatomic sites. Images were processed to yield a 3D voxel array of bone-volume fraction (BVF), which was converted to a µFE model of hexahedral elements in which tissue modulus was set proportional to voxel BVF. The study comprised 65 early postmenopausal women (age range 45 to 55 years), of whom 32 had chosen estrogen supplementation (estradiol group); the remainder had not (control group). Subjects had been scanned at baseline and 12 and 24 months thereafter. At the distal tibia, EM and SM were reduced by 2.9% to 5.5% in the control group (p < .05 to <.005), but there was no change in the estradiol subjects. AS decreased 3.9% (4.0%) in controls (p < .005) and increased by 5.8% (6.2%) in estradiol group subjects (p < .05) at 12 (24) months. At the distal radius, EM and SM changes from baseline were not significant, but at both time points AS was increased in estradiol group subjects and decreased in controls (p < .005 to <.05), albeit by a smaller margin than at the tibia. EM and SM were strongly correlated with BV/TV (r2 = 0.44 to 0.92) as well as with topologic parameters expressing the ratio of plates to rods (r2 = 0.45 to 0.82), jointly explaining up to 96% of the variation in the mechanical parameters. Finally, baseline AS was strongly correlated between the two anatomic sites (r2 = 0.58), suggesting that intersubject variations in the bone's mechanical competence follows similar mechanisms. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that micro-MRI-based µFE models are suited for the study of the mechanical implications of antiresorptive treatment. The data further highlight the anabolic effect of short-term estrogen supplementation. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The effects of monensin on 20-hydroxyecdysone-induced glycoprotein secretion and aggregation in Drosophila S3 cells

Abstract 20-Hydroxyecdysone causes Drosophila S3 cells to undergo mitotic arrest and aggregation, whereas L3 cells undergo mitotic arrest without aggregation. Metabolic labeling of L3 and S3 cells with [3H]N-acetylglucosamine reveals a major hormone-dependent glycoprotein of 110 kD in S3 cells only. 20-hydroxyecdysone also increases the metabolic labelling of a number of [35S]methionine-labelled secreted glycoproteins, including a major band of 110 kD. An apparently identical glycoprotein is also detected as a hormone-dependent cell surface constituent in S3 cells and is immunoprecipitated by imaginal disc antiserum. The ionophore monensin inhibits both glycoprotein secretion and the maintenance of cell-cell contacts in hormone-induced aggregates of S3 cells. Glycoproteins from the medium of hormone-treated cells were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose filters. Hormone-treated cells showed increased binding, as compared to control cells, to two hormone-dependent glycoproteins of 110 and 98 kD, with greatest binding occurring to the 110 kD band. These results suggest that these secreted glycoproteins may function in hormone-induced cell-cell interactions during aggregation. We speculate that these hormone-dependent glycoproteins may be involved in changes in cell-cell interactions during imaginal disc morphogenesis.
REGULATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN H SYNTHASE-2 EXPRESSION IN CEREBROMICROVASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE BY SERUM AND EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR

Growth factors may play a role in the formation of prostaglandins (PG) by cerebral blood vessels during development or reaction to injury. In smooth muscle cultures isolated from murine cerebral microvessels PG production was induced with either serum or epidermal growth factor (EGF). Prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) activity peaked at 6 h after the addition of 10% serum or 50 ng/ml EGF. Increases in expression of PGHS-1 mRNA were small (7- to 10-fold) compared with PGHS-2 (30- to 120-fold), and the induction patterns were different for serum and EGF. An increase in PGHS-2 message was detected by 0.5 h of adding either agent, but peak induction occurred earlier for EGF than for serum, 1 h vs. 3 h, respectively. The response to either stimulus had returned to prestimulation levels by 12 h. The induction of PGHS-2 protein was also transient, but followed a more delayed time course (peak levels at 6 h). Induction of activity, message, and protein by either agent was blocked by 1 microM dexamethasone and attenuated by genistein (100 microM), a nonspecific tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Tyrphostin 47, a more selective EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dose-dependently inhibited EGF-stimulated PGHS activity, completely abolishing PG production at 100 microM. However, this inhibitor had no effect on serum-stimulated PG production. Curiously, 100 microM tyrphostin 47 enhanced EGF-induced PGHS-2 mRNA and protein expression. These data suggest that EGF induces the expression of PGHS-2 in cerebromicrovascular smooth muscle by a mechanism that requires tyrosine kinase activity and that is distinct from serum.
Environmental survey for four pathogenic bacteria and closely related species using phylogenetic and functional genes

Bacterial species with high DNA sequence similarity to pathogens could affect the specificity of assays designed to detect biological threat agents in environmental samples. The natural presence of four pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, Francisella tularensis, and Yersinia pestis and their closely related species, was determined for a large collection of soil and aerosol samples. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing were used using group-specific 16S rRNA primers to identify pathogens and related species, and pathogen-specific virulence genes. Close relatives of B. anthracis (B. cereus group species) were detected in 37% of the soils and 25% of the aerosol samples. The B. anthracis protective antigen (pag) gene or a close homolog was detected in 16 of these samples. For the other three pathogen groups, the frequency of detection was much lower, and none of the samples were positive with both the phylogenetic and virulence gene primer sets.
Optimizing overlay-based virtual networking through optimistic interrupts and cut-through forwarding

Overlay-based virtual networking provides a powerful model for realizing virtual distributed and parallel computing systems with strong isolation, portability, and recoverability properties. However, in extremely high throughput and low latency networks, such overlays can suffer from bandwidth and latency limitations, which is of particular concern if we want to apply the model in HPC environments. Through careful study of an existing very high performance overlay-based virtual network system, we have identified two core issues limiting performance: delayed and/or excessive virtual interrupt delivery into guests, and copies between host and guest data buffers done during encapsulation. We respond with two novel optimizations: optimistic, timer-free virtual interrupt injection, and zero-copy cut-through data forwarding. These optimizations improve the latency and bandwidth of the overlay network on 10 Gbps interconnects, resulting in near-native performance for a wide range of microbenchmarks and MPI application benchmarks.
A constraint-based god-object method for haptic display

Haptic display is the process of applying forces to a human "observer" giving the sensation of touching and interacting with real physical objects. Touch is unique among the senses because it allows simultaneous exploration and manipulation of an environment. A haptic display system has three main components. The first is the haptic interface, or display device, generally some type of electro-mechanical system able to exert controllable forces on the user with one or more degrees of freedom. The second is the object model-a mathematical representation of the object containing its shape and other properties related to the way it feels. The third component, the haptic rendering algorithm, joins the first two components to compute, in real time, the model-based forces to give the user the sensation of touching the simulated objects. This paper focuses on a new haptic rendering algorithm for generating convincing interaction forces for objects modeled as rigid polyhedra. We create a virtual model of the haptic interface, called the god-object, which conforms to the virtual environment. The haptic interface can then be servo-ed to this virtual model. This algorithm is extensible to other functional descriptions and lays the groundwork for displaying not only shape information, but surface properties such as friction and compliance.
Genetic Variability in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). III. Plasticity in Laboratory Populations

To assay the amount of hidden genetic variability in laboratory populations of Aedes aegypti (L.), single mosquitoes were selected from cage colonies and inbred by single-pair matings to the F2 generation. The F2 progenies were examined for individuals showing structural variations. These variants were tested for heritability by further inbreeding unless they were phenotypically similar to mutants previously isolated. Consistent use of this criterion permitted an objective comparison of the frequency of mutations in different populations. The samples analyzed contained 52 pairs selected from 4 laboratory strains. Over 22,000 mosquitoes from 424 F2 families were examined for morphological mutations. A total of 137 mutations were estimated to be present in these samples. This gave a frequency of 1.32 mutations per individual. Small differences were observed in the total mutation loads carried by the different populations analyzed; a recently established colony had somewhat fewer mutations than colonies maintained in the laboratory for many years. However, the various populations could be characterized easily by distinct differences in the kinds of mutations each carried. Results of some preliminary tests for mutation frequency in an irradiated series are also given.
Critical elements of culturally competent communication in the medical encounter: a review and model.

Increasing the cultural competence of physicians is one means of responding to demographic changes in the USA, as well as reducing health disparities. However, in spite of the development and implementation of cultural competence training programs, little is known about the ways cultural competence manifests itself in medical encounters. This paper will present a model of culturally competent communication that offers a framework of studying cultural competence ‘in action.’ First, we describe four critical elements of culturally competent communication in the medical encounter – communication repertoire, situational awareness, adaptability, and knowledge about core cultural issues. We present a model of culturally competent physician communication that integrates existing frameworks for cultural competence in patient care with models of effective patientcentered communication. The culturally competent communication model includes five communication skills that are depicted as elements of a set in which acquisition of more skills corresponds to increasing complexity and culturally competent communication. The culturally competent communication model utilizes each of the four critical elements to fully develop each skill and apply increasingly sophisticated, contextually appropriate communication behaviors to engage with culturally different patients in complex interactions. It is designed to foster maximum physician sensitivity to cultural variation in patients as the foundation of physician-communication competence in interacting with patients.
Robust estimation of road friction coefficient

Vehicle active safety systems stabilize the vehicle by controlling tire forces. They work well only when the commanded tire forces are within the friction limit. Therefore, knowledge of the tire/road friction is important to improve the performance of vehicle active safety systems. This paper presents two methods to estimate the friction coefficient: one based on lateral dynamics, and one based on longitudinal dynamics. The two methods are then integrated to improve working range of the estimator and robustness. The first method is a nonlinear observer based on vehicle lateral/yaw dynamics and Brush Tire model, the second method is a recursive least squares method based on the relationship between tire longitudinal slip and traction force. The performance of the estimation algorithm is verified using test data under a wide range of friction and speed conditions.
Asian Values, Authoritarianism and Capitalism in Singapore

AbstractThis article takes issue with the widespread belief that capitalist development and material prosperity produce a middle class political culture that spells the end for dictatorial regimes and leads necessarily to liberal democracy. The case of Singapore, which is a very prosperous and highly developed capitalist economy with a large middle class, but whose government undoubtedly retains a strong authoritarian element, demonstrates that the link between capitalism and democracy is not at all automatic. The Progressive Action Party (PAP), which has since independence formed the government of Singapore, has successfully avoided the path to liberal democracy through its deployment of a discourse of “Asian Values” (AV). The article makes extensive use of the concept of hegemony, derived form the work of Antonio Gramsci. The PAP has secured its hegemony through the use of discourses of “Asian Capitalism” and “Asian Democracy”. Because of their function in de-legitimising potential sources of counter-ca...
Apolipoprotein E genotype and response of lipid levels to postmenopausal estrogen use

The allelic variation of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) influences serum lipid levels. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has favorable effects on the serum lipid profile. We examined the effect of ApoE genotype on lipid response to ERT in 692 community-dwelling women aged 60 and older. ApoE genotypes were categorized into three groups: ApoE 2 (E2/E2+E2/E3, n=94), ApoE 3 (E3/E3, n=430), and ApoE 4 (E3/E4+E4/E4, n=142). Compared to 497 women not using ERT, 169 women currently using ERT were younger (P=0.01), had lower levels of total cholesterol (TC; P=0.10) and low-density lipoprotein (P 0.10). There was a significant interaction between ApoE 2 and ERT for HDL levels: women with ApoE 2 using ERT had the highest HDL levels, and women with ApoE 2 not using ERT had the lowest HDL levels (P=0.015). The unfavorable effect of ApoE 4 genotype on lipoproteins is not altered by HRT, but ApoE 2 genotype modulates the HDL-ERT association in older women.
Properties of a Calcium-Activated K+ Current on Interneurons in the Developing Rat Hippocampus

Calcium-activated potassium currents have an essential role in regulating excitability in a variety of neurons. Although it is well established that mature CA1 pyramidal neurons possess a Ca2+-acti...
TDNN based speaker identification

A spatio-temporal network the time delay neural network (TDNN) is considered. Because the TDNN is time-shift invariant, input patterns do not need to be aligned. Also, the TDNN uses temporal information in its mapping process. Experimental results show that a TDNN-based speaker identification outperforms a weighted-distance-measure-based speaker identification system that does not use temporal information.
Characteristics of neurones projecting from the supraoesophageal ganglion in the shadow reflex pathway of the barnacle.

Barnacles respond to decreases in light intensity (shadows). Previous evidence indicates that the first stages of the visual pathway within the supraoesophageal ganglion comprise a limited number of neurones: a single pair of second-order neurones (I-cells), a pair of third-order projection neurones (A-cells), and at least five other projection neurones (four A-like shadow-excited cells and one shadow-inhibited cell) whose spikes may be recorded extracellularly from the circum-oesophageal connective nerve. Here we present evidence that information in this pathway diverges at the A-cell stage. Destruction of both A-cells by intense illumination of cells injected with carboxyfluorescein abolishes all shadow-evoked activity in the connectives and also the ability of shadows to influence motor neurones in the ventral ganglion. In addition, we have located the somata of these previously unidentified projection neurones, injected them with carboxyfluorescein, and observed that they have distinct branching patterns different from that of the A-cell. We name these cells ‘alpha’ (alpha), ‘beta’ (beta) and ‘gamma’ (gamma) cells. Simultaneous impalements show that A-cells drive at least one of the beta-cells but not vice versa. The same observation has not yet been made with regard to alpha- or gamma-cells. Depolarizing an I-cell does not readily drive a beta-cell impaled simultaneously. These observations support our conclusion that information diverges from the A-cells and not from the second-order I-cells to the other projection neurones in this ganglion.
ELL and EAF1 are Cajal Body Components That Are Disrupted in MLL-ELL Leukemia

The (11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation in acute leukemia results in the formation of a chimeric MLL-ELL fusion protein. ELL is an RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) transcriptional elongation factor that interacts with the recently identified EAF1 protein. Here, we show that ELL and EAF1 are components of Cajal bodies (CBs). Although ELL and EAF1 colocalize with p80 coilin, the signature protein of CBs, ELL and EAF1 do not exhibit a direct physical interaction with p80 coilin. Treatment of cells with actinomycin D, DRB, or α-amanitin, specific inhibitors of Pol II, disperses ELL and EAF1 from CBs, indicating that localization of ELL and EAF1 in CBs is dependent on active transcription by Pol II. The concentration of ELL and EAF1 in CBs links the transcriptional elongation activity of ELL to the RNA processing functions previously identified in CBs. Strikingly, CBs are disrupted in MLL-ELL leukemia. EAF1 and p80 coilin are delocalized from CBs in murine MLL-ELL leukemia cells and in HeLa cells transiently transfected with MLL-ELL. Nuclear and cytoplasmic fractionation revealed diminished expression of p80 coilin and EAF1 are not present in the nuclei of MLL-ELL leukemia cells. These studies are the first demonstration of a direct role of CB components in leukemogenesis.
The Rural Urban Continuum and Social Class: A Salvadorean Sample

The last twenty years has seen an amazing transformation of various folk and feudal societies, largely due to industrialism and urbanization. This expansion of urban culture has brought fundamental tranformations to the social structure, not only in the city but in rural areas as well, and especially to the class system. It has been difficult to obtain empirical studies of the social and psychological changes accompanying urbanization,although there has been increasing documentation of those changes in Asia, Africa, Southeastern Europe, and Latin America.
Do birds of a feather shop together? The effects on performance of employees' similarity with one another and with customers

Summary Theories have suggested that employee diversity can affect business performance both as a result of customer preferences and through changes of relations within the workplace. We examine these theories with data from more than 700 retail stores employing over 70 000 individuals, matched to census data on the demographics of the community. While past theories predict that increasing the similarity between employees and customers will increase sales, we find no consistent relationship. The exception is that Asian employees appear to be most productive when many nearby residents are Asian immigrants who do not speak English. Diversity of gender and race within a store had no important effect on sales, while age diversity predicted lower sales. Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Federalist No. 27: Is Transparency Essential for Public Confidence in Government?

One of the great themes of The Federalist Papers is that good government is dependent on good administration. In Federalist No. 27, Publius underscores two important themes. First, he argues that in order to preserve citizen confidence in government, there must be competent administration, and second, he maintains the need for a strong national government to safeguard the republican principles embedded within the Constitution. Publius's contribution to democratic theory and American republicanism proves as enlightening today as it was when he first published this essay in 1787, and it continues to provide important lessons for public administration and the democratic governance process.
Correlated Pair States Formed by Singlet Fission and Exciton-Exciton Annihilation.

Singlet fission to form a pair of triplet excitations on two neighboring molecules and the reverse process, triplet–triplet annihilation to upconvert excitation, have been extensively studied. Comparatively little work has sought to examine the properties of the intermediate state in both of these processes—the bimolecular pair state. Here, the eigenstates constituting the manifold of 16 bimolecular pair excitations and their relative energies in the weak-coupling regime are reported. The lowest-energy states obtained from the branching diagram method are the triplet pairs with overall singlet spin |X1⟩ ≈ 1[TT] and quintet spin |Q⟩ ≈ 5[TT]. It is shown that triplet pair states can be separated by a triplet–triplet energy-transfer mechanism to give a separated, yet entangled triplet pair 1[T···T]. Independent triplets are produced by decoherence of the separated triplet pair. Recombination of independent triplets by exciton–exciton annihilation to form the correlated triplet pair (i.e., nongeminate recombi...
'There’s Voices in the Night Trying to Be Heard': The Potential Impact of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Domestic Mental Disability Law

It is impossible to consider the impact of anti-discrimination law on persons with mental disabilities without a full understanding of how sanism permeates all aspects of the legal system - judicial opinions, legislation, the role of lawyers, juror decisionmaking - and the entire fabric of American society. Notwithstanding twenty years of experience under the Americans with Disabilities Act and an impressive corpus of constitutional case law and state statutes, the attitudes of judges, jurors and lawyers often reflect the same level of bigotry that defined this area of law a half century ago. The reasons for this are complex and, to a great extent, flow from centuries of prejudice - often hidden prejudice, often socially-acceptable prejudice - that has persisted in spite of prophylactic legislative and judicial reforms, and a seeming (on the surface) significance uptick in public awareness.Many of us hoped that the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990 - far and away the broadest anti-discrimination law ever enacted on behalf of this population - would have a great impact on the pervasiveness of sanism, but our early optimism was radically tempered by a series of Supreme Court cases that limited the law’s value to persons with disabilities. The recent ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) has the potential to change the legal landscape (though note that, although President Obama signed the CRPD in the summer of 2009, the Senate has not yet ratified it). This Convention is the most revolutionary international human rights document - ever - that applies to persons with disabilities. It furthers the human rights approach to disability and recognizes the right of people with disabilities to equality in most every aspect of life. It firmly endorses a social model of disability - a clear and direct repudiation of the medical model that traditionally has been a part-and-parcel of mental disability law. It furthers the human rights approach to disability and recognizes the right of people with disabilities to equality in most aspects of life. “The Convention responds to traditional models and situates disability within a social model framework and sketches the full range of human rights that apply to all human beings, all with a particular application to the lives of persons with disabilities.” It provides a framework for insuring that mental health laws “fully recognize the rights of those with mental illness.” In this paper, I consider the Convention’s likely impact. First, I briefly discuss both our sanist past and our sanist present. Then, I consider how the CRPD has the greatest potential for combating sanism, and for changing social attitudes. In this latter inquiry, I will also draw on the tools of therapeutic jurisprudence. Then, I will offer some brief and modest conclusions.
Cytogenetic Analysis of Melanocytes From Premalignant Nevi and Melanomas

We karyotypically analyzed cultured melanocytes from a variety of lesions, including congenital and dysplastic nevi, primary melanoma, and metastatic melanoma. The cells derived from congenital nevi had normal karyotypes, as did 22 of the 26 cultures derived from dysplastic nevi. The karyotypes of melanocytes from primary and metastatic melanomas were all abnormal. The only chromosome change in common between the nevi with abnormal karyotypes and the melanomas was the loss of one copy of chromosome 9 (two of four nevi and four of 11 melanomas, including three from the same patient) or the loss of the short arm of chromosome 9, especially of region 9pter-p22 (three of 11 melanomas). We suggest that deletion of a gene or genes on 9p, possibly interferon genes, is an initial step in the malignant transformation of melanocytes.
RELATION OF OBESITY AND ABNORMALITIES OF LIPID METABOLISM TO LIPID EMBOLIZATION OF LUNGS.

Casual observation of necropsy material suggests that lipid embolization is more frequent in persons who are obese or have some abnormality of lipid metabolism. In the extensive, pertinent literature dealing with fat embolization, there are few studies with consideration of these possibilities. A fatty liver associated with unexpected death, with or without lipidic embolization, has been the subject of several papers in the medical literature."' ' • 8 Warren, although stating that "the total amount of body fat has little relation to the occurrence of fat embolism," recorded a 27 per cent incidence of obesity in his examples of fatal fat embolization. He also commented that the general incidence of obesity was low in the population that he studied. The only suggestion made by Sevitt in this connection is a brief mention of the work of Swank and Dugger, who reported that lipid embolization after trauma is more extensive in fat than in lean rabbits. Kent found that the incidence of lipid embolization in patients with diabetes and with no history of recent trauma was more than twice that in a control scries.
Design, Characteristics and Selection of Power Supply EMI Filter

It is very important to design power supply EMI filter in EMC domain, and it is one of the effective means available to restrain conductive emission and radiative emission. Several aspects are discussed in this paper : 1) basic principle, category and major characteristics; 2) types of interferences in power supply line and the function of EMI filter ; 3) design rule, network configuration and parameter selection and; 4) installation requirements of power supply EMI filter.
Ensuring the quality of data packages in the LTER network data management system

Abstract Considerable data analyses use automated workflows to ingest data from public repositories, and rely on data packages of high structural quality. The Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network now screens all packages entering its long-term archive to ensure completeness and quality, and to ascertain that metadata and data are structurally congruent, i.e., that the data typing and formats expressed in metadata agree with that found in data entities. The EML Congruence Checker (ECC) system is a component of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA), and operates on data tables in packages described with Ecological Metadata Language using the EML Data Manager Library, written in Java. Checking is extensible for other data types and customizable via a template. Reports are retained as part of the submitted data package, and summaries here reflect the general usability of LTER data for a variety of purposes. On average in 2015, site-contributed data in the LTER catalog were 95% compliant (valid) with the current suite of checks.
The art of falling fluid

When Jackson Pollock first dripped paint onto horizontal canvases to create works such as Autumn Rhythm (1950, MoMA), he became the founding spirit of a major art movement, Abstract Expressionism.
From an Arab Queen to a Yiddische Mama: The Travels of Marital Advice around the Medieval Mediterranean

This study explores the travels of a literary anecdote about ten pieces of advice that a mother gave her daughter on the eve of the latter’s marriage. Tracing the various incarnations of the anecdote from its first attestation in ninth-century Arabic works to later versions in Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, Italian, Catalan, and Yiddish demonstrates the connectivity of the medieval Mediterranean and the porous nature of political, religious, and linguistic borders when it comes to popular ethical literary texts. Studying the changes introduced in each new incarnation allows us to explore the process of translation and adaptation involved in cultural transmission between different linguistic and religious communities. The travels of the anecdote also highlight the commonalities and differences in normative gender roles in different societies across the medieval Mediterranean.
Raging On: The Politics of Violence in the Work of Jesusa Rodríguez and Liliana Felipe

Diana Taylor considers the influential work of Jesusa Rodriguez and Liliana Felipe who, when they fell in love in Mexico City in 1979, brought together two distinct but related histories of violence in the Americas. While Felipe speaks of the Argentine dictadura (dictatorship) and Rodriguez refers to Mexico’s dictablanda (‘soft power’), Taylor shows that behind the very obvious difference in style, each of these forms of governance has served to usher in and bolster neoliberal economic policy. Since shutting down their cabaret space, El Habito (The Habit), in 2005, Rodriguez and Felipe have entered a different, some would say darker, period of their collaborative performance work. This chapter explores the impact of the shift to savage neoliberalism on their career-long performance activism.
Abstract 1295: Genomewide gene-diabetes and gene-obesity interaction scan in 7095 cases and 10710 controls from Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium and Pancreatic Cancer Case Control Consortium

Introduction: Obesity and diabetes are two major modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Genetic variation affecting the risk of obesity- and diabetes-related pancreatic cancer have yet to be comprehensively investigated at the genome-wide level. Aims: To identify novel gene-environment interactions (GxE) of obesity/diabetes on pancreatic cancer risk. Methods: We conducted a multi-stage genome-wide gene-diabetes and gene-obesity interaction study using GWAS data of 7095 cases and 10710 controls from Pancreatic Cancer Consortium (PanScan I, PanScan II and PanScan III) and Pancreatic Cancer Case Control Consortium (PanC4). About 870,000 SNPs, having MAF ≥ 0.005 and having been genotyped in at least one study, were analyzed. Missing genotypes were imputed using IMPUTE2 and the Haplotype Reference Consortium (HRC) reference panel. Case-control (CC) and case-only (CO) methods were used for SNP-level GxE analysis. Fixed-, random- and joint-effect models built in “rareGE” R package were used for gene-based GxE analysis. About 20,000 genes that have at least one SNP genotyped were included in the analysis. Age, gender and principal components accounting for subpopulation structure were adjusted in both SNP-level and gene-level analyses. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 mg/m2. Diabetics with Results: No genome-wide significant (P Conclusions: In the largest genome-wide GxE analysis for pancreatic cancer to date, we identified a significant diabetes interacting gene in pancreatic cancer, which was consistently replicated in 4 individual GWAS studies. This observation identifies FAM63A as a candidate for future functional studies to understand its role in pancreatic cancer etiology. Further increasing the sample size may unveil additional genetic loci that contribute to the susceptibility to pancreatic cancer via G x E. Citation Format: Hongwei Tang, Lai Jiang, Laufey T. Amundadottir, Harvey A. Risch, Rachael S. Stolzenberg-Solomon, Alison P. Klein, Brian M. Wolpin, Gloria Petersen, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Donghui Li, Peter Kraft, Peng Wei. Genomewide gene-diabetes and gene-obesity interaction scan in 7095 cases and 10710 controls from Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium and Pancreatic Cancer Case Control Consortium [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1295. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1295
When is neuropsychological testing medically necessary for children on medicaid in New Mexico

Healthcare for poor children, also known as Medicaid, is disproportionately relied upon by citizens of poor states such as New Mexico, where (a) there are more unintended pregnancies, (b) domestic violence during and after pregnancies occurs with regularity, (c) youth substance use is much more common, (d) crime rates are some of the worst in the country, (e) many never graduate from high school, and (f) incarceration is often inevitable. Yet, there is a dearth of research into the neuropsychological health of these children. Meanwhile, nonneuropsychologists working for managed care organizations routinely deny authorization for neuropsychological testing based on a lack of medical necessity. The present article addresses the question of neuropsychological medical necessity using community-based neuropsychological data from New Mexico collected on Medicaid and non-Medicaid youth via retroactive chart review. Downstream fiscal implications that are related to the eventual cost of mental illness and crime among those with poor neuropsychological health are discussed.
Anxiety Sensitivity Differentially Predicts Factors of Interpersonal–Psychological Suicide Risk: A Consideration of Specificity

Recent studies have identified anxiety sensitivity (AS) as a risk factor for suicidality; however, limited work has been performed to understand this risk within the context of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS; Joiner, 2005). The current study examined the relationship between overall AS, each AS subfactor (cognitive, social, and physical), and the three IPTS domains (perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and acquired capability). While each AS subfactor uniquely predicted one IPTS domain, greater overall AS only predicted greater acquired capability, suggesting that assessment of AS at the subfactor level may offer us more information about an individual's interpersonal suicide risk.
Etiology and Resource Use of Fever of Unknown Origin in Hospitalized Children

BACKGROUND: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a well-known pediatric presentation. The primary studies determining the causes of prolonged fever in children were performed 4 decades ago, before major advances in laboratory and diagnostic testing. Given that the distribution of diagnosed causes of adult FUO has changed in recent decades, we hypothesized that the etiology of FUO in children has concordantly changed and also may be impacted by a definition that includes a shorter required duration of fever. METHODS: A single-center, retrospective review of patients 6 months to 18 years of age admitted to the North Carolina Children’s Hospital from January 1, 2002, to December 21, 2012, with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of fever, a documented fever duration >7 days before admission, and a previous physician evaluation of each patient’s illness. RESULTS: A total of 1164 patients were identified, and of these, 102 met our inclusion criteria for FUO. Etiologic categories included “infectious” (42 out of 102 patients), “autoimmune” (28 out of 102 patients), “oncologic” (18 out of 102 patients), and “other” or “unknown” (14 out of 102 patients). Several clinical factors were statistically and significantly different between etiologic categories, including fever length, laboratory values, imaging performed, length of stay, and hospital costs. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike adult studies, the categorical distribution of diagnoses for pediatric FUO has marginally shifted compared to previously reported pediatric studies. Patients hospitalized with FUO undergo prolonged hospital stays and have high hospital costs. Additional study is needed to improve the recognition, treatment, and expense of diagnosis of prolonged fever in children.
High-Output Lead-Free Flexible Piezoelectric Generator Using Single-Crystalline GaN Thin Film.

Piezoelectric generators (PEGs) are a promising power source for future self-powered electronics by converting ubiquitous ambient mechanical energy into electricity. However, most of the high-output PEGs are made from lead zirconate titanate, in which the hazardous lead could be a potential risk to both humans and environment, limiting their real applications. III-Nitride (III-N) can be a potential candidate to make stable, safe, and efficient PEGs due to its high chemical stability and piezoelectricity. Also, PEGs are preferred to be flexible rather than rigid, to better harvest the low-magnitude mechanical energy. Herein, a high-output, lead-free, and flexible PEG (F-PEG) is made from GaN thin film by transferring a single-crystalline epitaxial layer from silicon substrate to a flexible substrate. The output voltage, current density, and power density can reach 28 V, 1 μA·cm–2, and 6 μW·cm–2, respectively, by bending the F-PEG. The generated electric power by human finger bending is high enough to light...
Abstract 16741: Impact of Level of Post-procedural B-type Natriuretic Peptides on Mortality After Successful Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair Using MitraClip

Introduction: High level B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is associated with poor outcomes in patient with valvular heart disease. However, prognostic impact of post-procedural BNP level in patient undergoing MitraClip was not thoroughly evaluated. Methods: A retrospective single center study was conducted in 147 consecutive patients who were successfully treated by MitraClip for severe mitral regurgitation. BNP level was measured in all patients at 30-day follow-up. The study population was grouped based on BNP level: low BNP (≤ 256 pg/mL), mid BNP (257-517 pg/mL), and high BNP (≥518 pg/mL) and post-procedural mortality was compared. Results: Low BNP group was at lower baseline surgical risk compared with mid, and high BNP group (STS score 7.3±5.9 vs 11.6±7.6 vs 13.9±7.7, respectively, p<0.001). All-cause death at 1-year follow-up was 6.1%, 10.2%, and 26.5%, respectively (p=0.009). Mortality rate at 2-year follow-up was significantly higher in high BNP group (8.2% vs 24.5% vs 38.8% for the low, mid, and ...
Theorizing race and cultural autonomy in education: An extension of differentiation and integration in Paul Willis’s Learning to Labour:

This paper addresses a misreading of Willis’s Learning to Labour within the American sociology of education, arguing that his central theoretical move, the treatment of cultural production as auton...
Machine Learning-based Prediction of ICU Patient Mortality at Time of Admission

In this paper we describe the application of machine learning techniques to the prediction of hospital Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patient mortality. A large dataset of over 58,000 ICU admissions from the MIMIC III database was used in the development, training and evaluation of a number of all-condition patient mortality predictive models. Evaluation results are presented, showing favorable performance comparing with existing studies, in the specific context that this work presents models making predictions for patients of all conditions as opposed to restricting to patients with a given condition or group of conditions, and the models are developed using only input attributes that are patient administrative data available at time of hospital admission. In this way, our models provide a unique utility for ICU mortality prediction in terms of their being applicable to all patients and at the earliest point in time of admission and utilizing a minimal and routinely collected set of patient administrative data.
Atomic coordinates for ferricytochrome c2 of Rhodospirillum rubrum.

Abstract Atomic coordinates and backbone torsion angles are tabulated for ferricytochrome c 2 of Rhodospirillum rubrum .