cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
4-(Methylnitro-Samino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone Induces CRM1-Dependent P53 Nuclear Accumulation in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone [corrected] (NNK), a known tobacco-specific human lung carcinogen, is notorious for causing DNA damage. The tumor suppressor gene p53 has multiple functions in response to DNA damage. Besides being regulated by posttranslational modifications (PTMs), p53 function is modulated by nucleocytoplasmic shuttling factors (NSFs). In this study, the alterations of p53 protein after NNK exposure and the molecular mechanisms involved p53 PTMs and NSFs in human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B were investigated. NNK induced p53 nuclear accumulation and upregulated the expression of p21, a p53 target gene. Among the five NSFs examined, chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1), interacting with p53 and exporting p53 from nucleus to cytoplasm, was significantly downregulated after NNK exposure. Increases of p53 phosphorylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation were found in NNK-treated cells as compared with the controls. The upregulation of p53 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation was induced by the enhanced expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 after NNK exposure. Collectively, p53 went through PTMs in response to DNA damage, and the modified p53 had a tendency for nuclear accumulation, which could result from CRM1 downregulation. Consequently, the activation of p53 led to subsequent induction of its downstream targets. These data could facilitate the better understanding of chemical carcinogenesis induced by NNK.
Vertical plug flow of cohesive coal in 2- and 4-inch pipes

Abstract To provide a basis for system design and analytical study of cohesive plug flow transportation, this work considers the conveying of coal powder as a single plug in 2″ and 4″ vertical pipes. The pressure drop and the plug velocity were measured at low air velocities and plug lengths. The results for the plug lengths studied show that the pressure drop increases linearly as the plug length increase and is not affected by air flow rates. The plug velocity varies little with the plug length as it is largely controlled by the air velocity. A model based on solid mechanics for predicting the pressure drop was tested and shows good agreement with the experimental data. This study indicates that the plug stability is affected by many factors such as initial bed length, powder properties and pipe diameter. For the effect of the pipe diameter, the maximum plug length decreases as the pipe diameter increases.
In Vivo Oxidation of γ-Barrier–Sterilized Ultra–High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Bearings

gamma-Barrier packaging is shown to be effective in preventing oxidation of polyethylene during shelf storage and in addressing the problem of early fatigue failure seen in gamma-air-sterilized bearings with long shelf-storage before implantation. The series of gamma-barrier retrievals studied suggests that oxidation occurs in the body via the same mechanism as seen in gamma-air-sterilized bearings. A critical oxidation level is identified above which polyethylene bearings are susceptible to fatigue damage after sufficient cycles of use. Although critical oxidation was not reached in the majority of the retrieved gamma-barrier bearings studied, in vivo oxidation appears to follow an exponential increase with time. The result of in vivo oxidation is expected to be loss of mechanical properties, and susceptibility of polyethylene bearings to eventual fatigue failure.
A Legal Semiotics Framework for Exploring the Origins of Hermagorean Stasis

Stasis is a process of classical rhetoric that identifies the core issue in a trial or a similar debate. Hermagoras of Temnos included the first comprehensive analysis of stasis in his second-century BCE treatise on rhetoric, now lost. Modern scholars tend to echo George Kennedy, who maintains that Hermagoras’ inspiration for the hierarchical structure of stasis is indeterminate. This article, however, employs scholarship in legal semiotics, including the work of Miklos Konczol and Bernard S. Jackson, to argue that Hermagoras based stasiastic structure on Aristotle’s first-figure syllogism. Ideally, knowledge of that structure can enhance modern applications of stasis.
Multiple Proximities between Television Genres and Audiences The Schism between Telenovelas’ Global Distribution and Local Consumption

How can a Mexican telenovela be more attractive to viewers in Brazil than a nationally produced telenovela? This seems to be the question posed by the increasing transnational flow of cultural products. Most of the data indicate that viewers prefer locally produced programs. Nevertheless, some of the transnational success of Latin American telenovelas abroad seems to question this truism. This article argues that audience preferences are formed within the overall trend toward cultural proximity within both national and cultural-linguistic boundaries. However, within this logic of cultural proximity, other forces also apply. It is important to understand cultural proximity working not only at the national and supranational levels but also at the subnational and regional spheres. With this in mind, the authors first examine the attraction or proximity of genres, from the virtually global attraction of melodrama, as a macro genre, to subgenres within the telenovela. Second, they discuss the sense of shared h...
Dynamic pharming attacks and locked same-origin policies for web browsers

We describe a new attack against web authentication, which we call dynamic pharming. Dynamic pharming works by hijacking DNS and sending the victim's browser malicious Javascript, which then exploits DNS rebinding vulnerabilities and the name-based same-origin policy to hijack a legitimate session after authentication has taken place. As a result, the attack works regardless of the authentication scheme used. Dynamic pharming enables the adversary to eavesdrop on sensitive content, forge transactions, sniff secondary passwords, etc. To counter dynamic pharming attacks, we propose two locked same-origin policies for web browsers. In contrast to the legacy same-origin policy, which regulates cross-object access control in browsers using domain names, the locked same-origin policies enforce access using servers' X.509 certificates and public keys. We show how our policies help two existing web authentication mechanisms, client-side SSL and SSL-only cookies, resist both pharming and stronger active attacks. Also, we present a deployability analysis of our policies based on a study of 14651 SSL domains. Our results suggest one of our policies can be deployed today and interoperate seamlessly with the vast majority of legacy web servers. For our other policy, we present a simple incrementally deployable opt-in mechanism for legacy servers using policy files, and show how web sites can use policy files to support self-signed and untrusted certificates, shared subdomain objects, and key updates.
Efficient modal analysis for structures with soil‐structure interaction

An efficient methodology is presented which uses modal analysis implemented in the frequency domain to obtain the structural response of a system with soil-structure interaction. The interaction effects are represented using a free-field ground motion modification factor, derived for each mode of vibration and used in the determination of structural response. Applying this algorithm, the advantages of the modal superposition method are fully exploited, and the interaction problem can be solved easily and effectively within the framework of the conventional frequency domain analysis for a fixed-base structure. In addition, this method produces accurate approximation with less computational effort due to consideration of only the first few vibration modes of the structure.
Causes and consequences of expanding American Crow populations

Corvid populations are increasing worldwide in response to urbanization. We investigated the response of American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) to urbanization by (1) comparing rates of winter population change between urban and nonurban locations (using standard Christmas Bird Counts); (2) quantifying population size along a gradient of urbanization in western Washington; and (3) pooling studies from eastern (New York), midwestern (Wisconsin), and western North America (Washington and California) relating survivorship, reproduction, and space use to urbanization. American Crow populations tend to be densest and increasing most rapidly in urban areas of North America. This appears to be facilitated by small space neEDS of crows in urban relative to suburban, rural, and exurban areas. Crow survivorship is high across the urban gradient, but reproduction and hence population growth, peaks in suburban and rural settings. Local demographic considerations appear unable to account for changing winter crow populations. Rather, we hypothesize that urban crow populations may be increasing primarily as surplus crows from suburban and rural areas disperse into the city where anthropogenic food sources are easily located, rich, and concentrated. This hypothesis likely is affected by local crow sociality. In the western United States, where pre-breeders often form flocks able to exploit urban riches, our dispersal hypothesis may be accurate. But, in midwestern and eastern areas, where crows migrate south for winter or remain on territories to help rather than float as pre-breeders, dispersal may not be adequate to fuel urban population growth. Refuse, invertebrates, and small vertebrates appeared to be more common food items than the nest contents of other birds. This, and the typically diverse suite of nest predators in any area, may explain why the rate of predation on artificial nests we placed throughout the urban gradient was not highly correlated with the abundance of crows. We encourage researchers to study how urbanization affects important mechanisms (like nest predators and predation) so environmental policy will benefit from a detailed, scientific understanding of how avian communities are structured.
Acoustic compression for the thermal management of multi-load electronic systems

This paper introduces a unique thermal management architecture that employs vapor-compression refrigeration to cool, above the dew point, multiple independently operating microprocessors in a small volume. The refrigeration system is driven by a novel acoustic compressor technology that has the virtues of, among other things, being highly variable, oil-less, and orientation independent, and thus able to operate under significant variations in loading and deployment. The paper will also, therefore, introduce acoustic compression and discuss its application to the thermal management of electronics. A prototype 5U server with four 100 W, independently variable, heat loads demonstrating the technology has been built and experimental results are reviewed.
Germ cell apoptosis and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression following ischemia-reperfusion injury to testis

There is evidence to suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury to the testis. Nitric oxide (NO), a ubiquitous free radical produced by the nitric oxide synthases (NOS), has been implicated in physiologic and pathologic interactions with ROS. We examined the effect of testicular ischemia on germ cell apoptosis and endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression. Adult rats were subjected to unilateral 720 degrees testicular torsion for 1 or 3 hours and 24 hours later, testes were harvested for immunohistochemical studies. Apoptosis was detected by in situ 3' end-labeling of DNA with digoxigenin-ddUTP and eNOS protein was detected using an eNOS monoclonal antibody. Tests subjected to 3 hours of torsion had a threefold increase in apoptotic germ cells per cross-sectional area compared to sham testes (P < .05). In addition to its known expression in Leydig, Sertoli, and vascular endothelial cells, eNOS was detected in the cytoplasm of degenerating germ cells. Consecutive testis sections stained for eNOS and cellular DNA fragmentation demonstrated co-localization of eNOS protein and germ cell apoptosis. The detection of strong immunostaining in apoptotic germ cells supports a role of eNOS in germ cell degeneration after testicular ischemia-reperfusion and suggests that NO is associated with germ cell apoptosis.
Defining the scope of Casey and Salzman's application of the rule of double effect to the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of combined oral contraceptives.

Casey and Salzmann’s application of the Rule of Double Effect (RDE) to the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of combined oral contraceptives (COC) has a limited sphere of influence. Its use is confined to communities that possess a certain degree of consensus about the approval and disproval of certain acts. This article discusses why it is important to identify the community or communities to whom Casey and Salzman’s (2014) arguments are directed and for whom their conclusions are intended. Furthermore two questions arise in response to Carey and Salzmann’s conclusion: Does RDE function identically with respect to both the therapeutic and prophylactic uses of COC? And second does the appeal to RDE function identically with respect to both prescribers and users of COC?
Phylogenetic Diversity and Microsphere Array-Based Genotyping of Human Pathogenic Fusaria, Including Isolates from the Multistate Contact Lens-Associated U.S. Keratitis Outbreaks of 2005 and 2006

Fusarium keratitis (FK) is a rare sight-threatening corneal infection among the many contact lens wearers in the United States and abroad (5, 20). After an increase in FK among contact lens wearers was suspected in Singapore, an investigation in that country suggested a link with the use of ReNu brand contact lens solution (20), based on the disproportionate number of FK cases associated with this product. After an increase in cases of FK was suspected in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in conjunction with other public health agencies in the United States conducted a case-control study, which demonstrated that the
Towards building block propagation in XCS: a negative result and its implications

The accuracy-based classifier system XCS is currently the most successful learning classifier system. Several recent studies showed that XCS can produce machine-learning competitive results. Nonetheless, until now the evolutionary mechanisms in XCS remained somewhat ill-understood. This study investigates the selectorecombinative capabilities of the current XCS system. We reveal the accuracy dependence of XCS's evolutionary algorithm and identify a fundamental limitation of the accuracy-based fitness approach in certain problems. Implications and future research directions conclude the paper.
Timing and spatial distribution of deformation in the Newfoundland Appalachians: a "multi-stage collision" history

Van der Plmjm, B.A., 1987. Timing and spatial distribution of deformation in the Newfoundland Appalachians: a “multi-stage collision” history. In: H.J. Zwart, M. Martens, I. van der Molen, C.W. Passchier, C. Spiers and R.L.M. Vissers (Editors), Tectonic and Structural Processes on a Macro-, Meso- and Micro-Scale. Tectonophysics, 135: 15-24. The Newfoundland Appalachians have been interpreted as an area where Lower Paleozoic plate convergence culminated in collision between an Ordovician volcanic chain and the North American craton in Middle Ordovician times. Closure of the intervening proto-Atlantic (Iapetus) ocean was considered incomplete. Subsequent deformation gave rise to regional folding and faulting. Recent studies in the Newfoundland Dunnage zone have revealed that the deformation history is far more complex than previously recognized. Large-scale thrusting, folding and faulting occurred in Silurian-Devonian times. Furthermore, it has been suggested that the Dunnage zone is an allochthonous terrane underlain by dominantly continental crust rather than representing remnants of a “rooted” ocean basin. In view of these results a revision of tectonic scenarios and zonal subdivision is warranted and a “multi-stage collision” history will be discussed, with emphasis on the spatial distribution and significance of Silurian-Devonian deformation in central Newfoundland. Subduction in Lower Paleozoic times gave rise to the formation of a volcanic terrane; concurrently, to the southeast a marginal sea was formed (Mariana-type subduction). In Middle Ordovician times the volcanic terrane collided with the North American craton (“first-stage collision”) and back-arc spreading terminated. Continued crustal shortening resulted in the formation of a Silurian accretionary terrane (telescoped marginal sea), and its subsequent deformation (“second-stage collision”). Devonian (Carboniferous?) strike-slip faulting represents the third stage in the collision history. The model is applicable to large tracts of the Caledonian-Appalachian chain. Its main characteristics are: (a) the revised zonal subdivision of the area is based on characteristics of Silurian and older rocks, rather than Middle Ordovician and older rocks only; (b) the central part of the orogen represents a telescoped marginal sea that formed to the southeast of the Ordovician volcanic chain, rather than a remnant of the incompletely closed Iapetus ocean; (c) the earliest deformation is progressively younger toward the southeast; (d) the Appalachian collision history is a result of the activity of a single deformation regime over a long period of at least 75 Ma.
Cadmium associated with Inhaled Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles Impacts Fetal and Neonatal Development and Growth

One industrially important metal oxide nanoparticle (NP) is cadmium oxide (CdO). A study was performed using timed-pregnant CD-1 mice to determine if Cd associated with inhaled CdO NP could reach the placenta and adversely affect the developing fetus and/or neonate. Pregnant mice were exposed by inhalation either every other day to 100 μg of freshly generated CdO/m3 (exposure 1) or daily to 230 μg CdO/m3 (exposure 2). In each exposure, mice were exposed to CdO NP or carrier gas (control) for 2.5 h from 4.5 days post coitus (dpc) through 16.5 dpc. At 17.5 dpc, fetuses and placentas from both exposures 1 and 2 were collected, measured, and weighed. A subgroup from the second exposure was allowed to give birth, and neonates were weighed daily until weaning. Cadmium in the uterus and placenta, as well as in other maternal organs, was elevated in NP-treated mice, but was undetectable in fetuses at 17.5 dpc. Daily inhalation of 230 μg CdO NP/m3 decreased the incidence of pregnancy (i.e., no evidence of implantation) by 23%, delayed maternal weight gain, altered placental weight, and decreased fetal length, as well as delayed neonatal growth. This study demonstrates that inhalation of CdO NP during pregnancy adversely affects reproductive fecundity and alters fetal and postnatal growth of the developing offspring.
Expression of L cone pigment gene subtypes in females.

Spectral subtypes of L pigment are produced by a serine:alanine dimorphism at amino acid position 180. X-chromosomes that carry genes for the different subtypes occur with about equal frequency in normal men. Females have two X-chromosomes; thus, about 50% of women will inherit genes for both L pigment subtypes, although on different X-chromosomes. In these women, X-inactivation is expected to produce about equal numbers of LS180 and LA180 cones in addition to middle (M) and short (S) wavelength-sensitive cones to total four spectrally distinct cone types. Consistent with this expectation we found nearly equal expression of genes for two spectrally distinct subtypes of L pigment in five of nine female retinas examined. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Missing IUD Despite Threads at the Cervix

Today, the intrauterine device (IUD) is by far the most popular form of long term reversible contraception in the world. Side effects from the IUD are minimal and complications are rare. Uterine perforation and migration of the IUD outside the uterine cavity are the most serious complications. Physician visualization and/or the patient feeling retrieval threads at the cervical os are confirmation that the IUD has not been expelled or migrated. We present a case of a perforated, intraperitoneal IUD with threads noted at the cervical os. Office removal was not possible using gentle traction on the threads. Multiple imaging and endoscopic modalities were used to try and locate the IUD including pelvic ultrasound, diagnostic hysteroscopy, cystoscopy, and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The studies gave conflicting results on location of the IUD. Ultimately, the missing IUD was removed via laparoscopy.
Characteristics Associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation at Manus Island

AbstractGround-based high temporal and vertical resolution datasets from observations during 2002–07 at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) tropical western Pacific (TWP) site on Manus Island are used to examine the characteristics of clouds and rainfall associated with the active phase of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) passing over Manus. A composite MJO event at Manus is developed based on the NOAA MJO index 4 and precipitation using 13 events. The cloud characteristics associated with the active phase of the MJO at Manus show a two-phase structure as the wave passes over Manus. During the development phase, congestus plays an important role, and the enhanced convection is located between surface westerly and easterly wind anomalies (type-I structure). During the mature phase, deep convection is the dominant cloud type, and the enhanced convection is collocated with the westerly wind anomalies (type-II structure). Consistent with this two-phase structure, the heavy rainfall frequency also s...
Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction in the Lifecycle of ENSO: The Coupled Wave Oscillator

To explain the oscillatory nature of El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), many ENSO theories emphasize the free oceanic equatorial waves propagating/reflecting within the Pacific Ocean, or the discharge/recharge of Pacific-basin-averaged ocean heat content. ENSO signals in the Indian and Atlantic oceans are often considered as remote response to the Pacific SST anomaly through atmospheric teleconnections. This study investigates the ENSO life cycle near the equator using long-term observational datasets. Space-time spectral analysis is used to identify and isolate the dominant interannual oceanic and atmospheric wave modes associated with ENSO. Nino3 SST anomaly is utilized as the ENSO index, and lag-correlation/regression are used to construct the composite ENSO life cycle. The propagation, structure and feedback mechanisms of the dominant wave modes are studied in detail. The results show that the dominant oceanic equatorial wave modes associated with ENSO are not free waves, but are two ocean-atmosphere coupled waves including a coupled Kelvin wave and a coupled equatorial Rossby (ER) wave. These waves are not confined only to the Pacific Ocean, but are of planetary scale with zonal wavenumbers 1–2, and propagate all the way around the equator in more than three years, leading to the longer than 3-year period of ENSO. When passing the continents, they become uncoupled atmospheric waves. The coupled Kelvin wave has larger variance than the coupled ER wave, making the total signals dominated by eastward propagation. Surface zonal wind stress (x) acts to slow down the waves. The two coupled waves interact with each other through boundary reflection and superposition, and they also interact with an off-equatorial Rossby wave in north Pacific along 15N through boundary reflection and wind stress forcing. The precipitation anomalies of the two coupled waves meet in the eastern Pacific shortly after the SST maximum of ENSO and excite a dry atmospheric Kelvin wave which quickly circles the whole equator and leads to a zonally symmetric signal of troposphere temperature. ENSO signals in the Indian and Atlantic oceans are associated with the two coupled waves as well as the fast atmospheric Kelvin wave. The discharge/recharge of Pacific-basin-averaged ocean heat content is also contributed by the two coupled waves. The above results suggest the presence of an alternative coupled wave oscillator mechanism for the oscillatory nature of ENSO.
Topological relations between olfactory neurons.

The olfactory mucosa of several vertebrates has been studied with the aid of light and electron microscopes. It has been found that the receptor neurons vary in density per square area from one region to the other of the olfactory mucosa in each animal. The neurons, moreover, can be arranged in interconnecting rings forming a complex pattern where each element directly contacts the others along different portions of the cell body. These contacts and their different ultrastructural details are illustrated and discussed. The data are elaborated in view of their functional importance in regard to the reception of stimuli.
Longitudinal height velocity standards for U.S. adolescents

Longitudinally based height velocity centiles for U.S. children, appropriate for paediatric clinical use, were derived for growth from ages 7 to 18 years. A series of gender- and race-specific figures present the median velocity curves for children by year of maturation. Smooth 3rd to 97th centile curves, for blacks and whites together, are provided for children who are early, average, and late maturers. The data were taken from 6532 black and white children participating in the Six Cities Study from 1974 to 1989.
Roll-forward checkpointing scheme: a novel fault-tolerant architecture

We propose a novel architecture for a fault-tolerant multiprocessor environment. It is assumed that the multiprocessor organization consists of a pool of active processing modules and either a small number of spare modules or active modules with some spare processing capacity. A fault-tolerance scheme is developed for duplex systems using checkpoints. Our scheme, unlike traditional checkpointing schemes, requires no rollbacks for recovering from single faults. The objective is to achieve performance of a triple modular redundant system using duplex system redundancy. >
Philosophy of History

Readers of western religious thought cannot avoid being aware of the intimate connection between history and religion. Augustine’s monumental work, The City of God, interpreted the history of humankind as a linear progression under the direction of the providence of God. This theological interpretation of the sense and direction of history dominated western thought until the time of the Renaissance when there emerged more secular and philosophical interpretations of history. Giambattista Vico, an eighteenth century historian and philosopher, is often cited as the key figure in the rise of the philosophy of history. History was for him a matter of human action and as such was understood to be accessible to the historian who can reconstruct in his own mind the past activities of human agents. Vico had a place for providence but, says Karl Lowith, critics were correct in thinking that in the work of Vico, “providence has become as natural, secular, and historical as if it did not exist at all. For in Vico’s ‘demonstration’ of providence nothing remains of the transcendent and miraculous operation which characterizes the faith in providence from Augustine to Bossuet. With Vico it is reduced to an ultimate frame of reference, the content and substance of which are nothing else than the universal and permanent order of the historical course itself.”1
Critical Phenomena in Statistical Mechanics — Aspects of Renormalization Group Theory

The principle topics covered in the lectures delivered at the School have been reviewed in earlier literature: accordingly, only a summary account with some useful references is presented here.
Progressive Changes in Behavior and Seizures Following Chronic Cocaine Administration: Relationship to Kindling and Psychosis

In this paper we will focus on the effects of repetitive cocaine administration on a variety of neurological, behavioral, and biochemical parameters. We will pay selective attention to the data suggesting that repetitive administration may be associated with increased effects on a variety of parameters, and will not review data suggesting that cocaine may produce tolerance in some systems. While we will present our findings of the effects of repetitive cocaine administration in laboratory animals, particularly the rat and rhesus monkey, they also appear relevant to the effects of stimulants in man. It has been reviewed in detail elsewhere that chronic administration of amphetamine-like stimulants may produce a paranoid psychosis difficult to distinguish from paranoid schizophrenia (Ellinwood, 1972; Connell, 1958; Snyder, 1973; Angrist, Gershon, 1970; Griffith, Cavanaugh, Held, Oates, 1970; Anggard, Jonsson, Hogmark, Gunne, 1973). Initial or lower doses of stimulants in a variety of patient populations, on the contrary, appear to elicit predominantly affective responses in the euphoric-dysphoric spectrum (Post, Kotin, Goodwin, 1974; Post, 1975; Resnick, Schwartz, Kestenbaum, Freedman, 1975). An adequate exposition of the mechanisms involved in the transition from predominantly affective symptoms to those in the schizophreniform spectrum with chronic stimulant administration, has not been adequately given.
Onset of convection in dilute superfluid /sup 3/He-/sup 4/He mixtures. II. Closed cylindrical container

The thermohydrodynamics of dilute superfluid $^{3}\mathrm{He}$-$^{4}\mathrm{He}$ mixtures is applied to a circular container with insulating sidewalls and rigid isothermal ends. For small downward heat flow, the boundary conditions yield a uniform temperature gradient and superflow but a nonuniform normal flow. Linearized perturbations about this conducting state become unstable at a critical Rayleigh number that (at \ensuremath{\sim}1 K) differs only slightly from that for a classical one-component fluid in the same container. Despite the preferred direction of the unperturbed normal flow, infinitesimal-amplitude convection can occur in either of two degenerate modes. The splitting of these modes observed by Warkentin, Haucke, Lucas, and Wheatley probably involves nonlinear corrections.
Effect of protein kinase C on cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate-dependent phosphodiesterase in hypertrophic cardiomyopathic hamster hearts.

"Cross-talk," or interaction between different signal transduction pathways, is known to exist in noncardiac cells, but it has not been demonstrated previously in mammalian hearts. We found that hypertrophic cardiomyopathic Syrian hamster (BIO 14.6, 6 months old) hearts were deficient in cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) [11.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 15.4 +/- 0.4 pmol/mg protein in age-matched control hamsters (BIO RB), n = 6, P = .0005] but not in cyclic 3',5'-guanosine monophosphate (1.23 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.34 +/- 0.18 pmol/mg protein in BIO RB, n = 6, P = N.S.). The reduction in cAMP was at least partly accounted for by an increase in the cytosolic phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in BIO 14.6 hearts (1709 +/- 119 vs. 1341 +/- 113 pmol/min/mg protein in age-matched BIO RBs, n = 12, P = .006), suggesting that there is an increase in cAMP turnover in BIO 14.6 hearts. Protein kinase C (PKC) activities were also significantly elevated in BIO 14.6 hearts (77.9 +/- 2.1 vs. 54.6 +/- 3.3 pmol/min/mg protein in BIO RBs, n = 6, P < .001). Activation of PKC by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, 10 microM) produced significant potentiation in PDE activities in BIO 14.6 but not in BIO RB hearts, and the PMA-induced increase in PDE activity could be blocked by the PKC-specific pseudosubstrate inhibitor peptide PKC(19-31).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Career interview. Ann Hartman, a biography of ideas: Archiving intellectual history. Co-constructed with Catherine K Riessman and Karen M Staller

Ann Hartman is a major figure in the history of Social Work in the United States and, due to translations of her writings, a major contributor to direct practice elsewhere in the world. Dr Hartman ...
Stratigraphic discontinuities mapped through joint time-frequency seismic phase unwrapping

Summary Spectral decomposition has proven to be a powerful means of identifying strong amplitude anomalies at specific frequencies that are otherwise buried in the broad-band response. To date, most publications have focused on using the spectral magnitude components to identify lateral changes in stratigraphy, wavefield attenuation due to Q, and unconformities between geologic formations. Although seismic acquisition and processing does a much better job in preserving phase than it does in preserving amplitude, little has been published about interpreting the phase components resulting from spectral decomposition. This paper shows how to improve seismic spectral decomposition interpretation by unwrapping the joint timefrequency spectrum phase.
Solar Cell Efficiency, Self-Assembly, and Dipole–Dipole Interactions of Isomorphic Narrow-Band-Gap Molecules

We examine the correlations of the dipole moment and conformational stability to the self-assembly and solar cell performance within a series of isomorphic, solution-processable molecules. These charge-transfer chromophores are described by a D1-A-D-A-D1 structure comprising electron-rich 2-hexylbithiophene and 3,3′-di-2-ethylhexylsilylene-2,2′-bithiophene moieties as the donor units D1 and D, respectively. The building blocks 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BT) and [1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine (PT) were used as the electron-deficient acceptor units A. Using a combination of UV–visible spectroscopy, field-effect transistors, solar cell devices, grazing incident wide-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy, three PT-containing compounds (1–3) with varying regiochemistry and symmetry, together with the BT-based compound 5,5′-bis{(4-(7-hexylthiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolobenzene}-3,3′-di-2-ethylhexylsilylene-2,2′-bithiophene (4), are compared and contrasted in solution, in t...
Ultrasound measurement of fetal urine flow.

In summary, the measurement of fetal urinary flow remains controversial because the actual volumes of the human fetal bladder are unknown. The volume formula for an ovoid overpredicts fetal bladder volume and has a wide margin of certainty. The best ultrasonographic prediction of bladder volumes were calculated by applying a regression formula to the area of a sagittal sonographic image of the bladder (0.46323 + 1.39394.sagittal area). Calculations of the HFUFR based on the ovoid volume formula may be overestimated by 40%-70%. However, HFUFR estimated by regression of three to six longitudinal bladder area measurements is better with a narrow margin of uncertainty (+/- 35%). This technique affords improved accuracy and is easier and more convenient.
The Projective Theory of Orthopoles

(1932). The Projective Theory of Orthopoles. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 327-338.
Hybrid optomechanical cooling via atomic three-level schemes

We investigate hybrid optomechanical schemes involving cold atoms to improve cooling in the Doppler regime. We focus on two specific examples of tunable three-level configurations: Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Recoil Induced Resonances.
A Scoping Analysis Of The Impact Of SiC Cladding On Late-Phase Accident Progression Involving Core–Concrete Interaction

The overall objective of the current work is to carry out a scoping analysis to determine the impact of ATF on late phase accident progression; in particular, the molten core-concrete interaction portion of the sequence that occurs after the core debris fails the reactor vessel and relocates into containment. This additional study augments previous work by including kinetic effects that govern chemical reaction rates during core-concrete interaction. The specific ATF considered as part of this study is SiC-clad UO2.
Postpartum contraceptive choice after high-risk pregnancy: a retrospective cohort analysis

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of high-risk pregnancy status on antepartum contraceptive planning and postpartum use. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of women delivering at a university hospital during 2009–2010 who received prenatal care in the faculty or resident clinics. We defined high-risk status by Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine guidelines. We abstracted contraceptive planning and postpartum administration from medical records and categorized these into World Health Organization tiers of contraceptive effectiveness. We identified subsequent pregnancies through March 2013. Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were used to assess correlations between risk status and contraceptive choice, actual postpartum use, and subsequent pregnancy. Results This study included 2048 low-risk and 1015 high-risk parturients. The index pregnancy was more likely to be unintended among low-risk than high-risk women (48.4% vs. 42.9%, p = .02). Low-risk and high-risk women showed interest in Tier 1 contraceptives while antepartum (54.4% low-risk vs. 58.0% high-risk, p = .2), with lower interest at discharge (42.3% vs. 50.7%, p Conclusion High-risk women had similar rates of planning for Tier 1 contraceptives but similar rates of subsequent unplanned pregnancy. Intention to use highly effective contraception did not translate into actual use. Further work is needed to identify barriers to uptake. Implications Identification of barriers to uptake of highly effective contraceptive methods after high-risk pregnancy represents an important area for future research. Providers should continue to address postpartum contraception throughout pregnancy and be prepared to address barriers to such methods in the postpartum period.
Sharp decrease in observed cerebrovascular mortality may be due to certification and coding

Aims and methods: Being easily available and having good coverage and comparability, official mortality statistics are used very widely. This in turn is because the definitions of mortality and methods of pertinent data collection are coordinated worldwide by the World Health Organization. In Estonia, registered cerebrovascular mortality has dropped 50% since 2000. A less dramatic decrease has been observed in nearly all EU Member States. To find out if this development can be explained by changing certification and coding practices, we counted all mentions of cerebrovascular diseases in the Estonian Causes of Death Registry database between 2004 and 2013 and analyzed the selection of the underlying cause of death. Results: We found that the sharp decrease in registered cerebrovascular mortality was by a half due to an increased selection of hypertension as the underlying cause of death. In cases where a cerebrovascular disease was mentioned and selected the underlying cause of death, the mean number of d...
Experence in Diagnosis of Extrauterine Prenancy with Abdomen Union Vagina Ultrasonography

Objective Analyse how to exhance the accuracy of EP combinating TAS with and TVS. Methods The misdiagnosis , miss-examination and not demonstrating dissatisfied of 49 EP cases by TAS were examined with TVS. Results TAS misdiagnosed 9 cases , accounting for 18.4%; miss-examined 2 case ,accounting for 4.1%; demonstration dissatisfied 38 cases ,accounting for 77.5%. These cases were diagnosed definitly combining with TVS.Conclusion Combination TAS with TVS ,we can diagnose EP with high accuracy.
Clinical Analysis of Allergen Intradermal Tests on Children with Atopic Dermatitis

Objective To investigate the etiology of atopic dermatitis(AD).Methods 153 children with AD were given intradermal allergen tests.Results The positive rate of intradermal allergen tests in AD children was 83.01%(127/153),the positive rates of aeroallergen group and food group were 80.13% and 74.55% respectively.There was no significant difference between two groups.The common positive allergens were HD (73.5%),dermatophagoides farinae (70.9%),insects (56.9%),shrimp (46.4%),sesame seed (40.0%).The positive rates of aeroallergen group in AD children of 3,3-7,7 years old groups were 46.7%, 82.9% and 85.0% respectively,there was significant difference (P0.005).Conclusion Aeroallergen and food were one of main causes of AD children.Aeroallergen allergy was common in AD children of more than 3 years old.
Electromyography and conduction studies in peripheral nerve injuries.

The introduction of new techniques and new equipment has expanded the usefulness of these procedures. Although few surgeons will actually perform these studies themselves, they should know the basic principles underlying the tests, some of their limitations, and how to incorporate the results into the clinical evaluation. Perhaps most important, they should know the reliability of the tests as performed in their community.
Chapter 8 - SQL/OLB and SQL/JRT

The three technologies that were developed by the SQLJ Group involve embedding Structured Query Language (SQL) static statements in Java programs, invoking Java methods from SQL statements, and defining SQL structured user-defined types that are actually Java classes used from within the database. The very earliest work of the SQLJ Group used technology contributed by Oracle, including an implementation of a translator that accepted Java programs containing embedded SQL statements, and produced corresponding Java programs that used the JDBC interface for execution of those SQL statements. A new part of the SQL: 1999 standard offers an arrangement that resolves most of the difficulties posed by writing programs using JDBC while retaining all of its benefits. This new part of the SQL standard, known as SQL/OLB (Object Language Bindings) provides a way to write Java programs in which one can embed SQL statements similarly to the embedded SQL capabilities provided for other programming languages. SQL/JRT places additional restrictions on the Ordering clause of user defined types that were not placed by the National Committee for Information Technology Standards (NCITS) 331.2.
An Overview of Vehicular Networking and Cyber-Physical Systems

Vehicular networking for intelligent transportation cyber-physical system is an emerging technology that has attracted attention of government, industry, and academia notably in USA, Japan, and Europe. The main idea behind vehicular networking and communication is not new, since JSK (Association of Electronic Technology for Automobile Traffic and Driving of Japan) initiated it in the early 1980s.
Effective Partnerships to Increase Female Attainment of Engineering Bachelor’s Degrees

Normal 0 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 The XXXX aims to increase the number of women receiving bachelor’s degrees, specifically in mechanical and electrical engineering, two of the largest disciplines with the lowest percentage of women. To further that goal, we recently collaborated with 19 university departments of mechanical and electrical/computer engineering. Departments received small grants to support their efforts. Each department developed and evaluated its own set of project activities. Departments conducted projects related to middle or high school outreach, undergraduate retention, faculty development, and/or academic and outreach material development, review and revision. Fourteen departments participated during the 2008-2009 school year and six departments are currently participating. In the first cohort, 11 of the institutions organized outreach activities for pre-college students. Although aimed primarily at girls, both male and female pre-college students were invited to a majority of the activities. Approximately 320 students in grades K-12 participated in activities ranging from one-day workshops or events to longer camps. Over 80% of those students were female, and many indicated an interest in becoming an engineer following their participation. Thirteen of these institutions held activities that targeted undergraduate retention through engaging students in social activities, peer mentoring and serving as role mentors for pre-college students, and faculty role modeling. Approximately 140 students, about half of them women, participated in these activities. Three departments held faculty workshops, and faculty members also served as mentors for other activities. In all, approximately 70 faculty members participated in the project. In addition, 3 institutions revised recruiting or course materials. As these materials are disseminated to students, parents, and faculty, it is unknown how many individuals will see the revised material. Most of these revisions involved including more gender-neutral descriptions and pictures as well as describing student projects that appeal to a wide range of students. In the 2009-2010 school year there will be six institutions, with one participating for the second year. Three institutions will be completing academic and outreach material revisions that will affect undergraduate students and faculty, and three institutions will be completing outreach activities for K-12 students.
Investigating thiol-epoxy composites for semiconductor die attach adhesives

In this study, thiol-epoxy polymer composites are explored as candidates for high-temperature die attach applications. We present a polymer composite processing technique for die attach adhesives with low cure-stress. Lap shear samples of both a polymer adhesive and current industry adhesives were subjected to tensile testing and die shear strength was compared. At 260 °C, the candidate polymer adhesive exhibited a die shear strength of 0.500 MPa in comparison with 1.35 MPa and 0.258 MPa for two control adhesives. While samples showed less variation in properties in die shear strength between room temperature and 260 °C, the absolute die shear strength values were inferior to commercial adhesives at both room and elevated temperatures. We hypothesize that low cure stress networks, such as the thiol-epoxies presented, provide a compelling choice to engineer new die attach adhesives, but realize that further network refining is needed including the addition of adhesion promoters and other additives, a task better suited to industrial research with a focus in properties optimization.
Ablation of the sacroiliac joint using MR-guided high intensity focused ultrasound: a preliminary experiment in a swine model

Dysfunction of the Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) is one of the key sources of low back pain. For prolonged pain relief, some patients undergo fluoroscopic guided radio-frequency (RF) ablation of SIJ, during which a number of RF probes are inserted to create thermal lesions that disrupt the posterior sacral nerve supply. This procedure is minimally invasive, laborious, time-consuming and costly. To study if High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) ablation is a feasible alternative approach to SIJ pain treatment, we performed experiments using HIFU to ablate SIJ in the swine model. Three female Yorkshire swine (36, 35.2 and 34 kg) underwent bilateral Magnetic Resonance guided HIFU (MRgHIFU) ablation of the SIJs. Treatment assessment was performed using contrast-enhanced imaging, histopathology and evaluation of pain and changes in ambulation and gait. Contiguous lesions along the right and left SIJs were achieved in all animals. In one out of three animals, excessive heating of the muscle and skin tissue in the near-field resulted in unwanted muscle necrosis. No changes in animal behavior, ambulation or gait were detected. The initial experiments with MRgHIFU ablation of SIJs in sub-acute swine model show promise for this ablation modality as a non invasive and more precise alternative to the currently used fluoroscopically - guided RF ablations and injections.