cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
T-cell differentiation antigens: proteins, genes and function.

T-lymphocyte recognition, activation and function involve anumber of T-cell-specific surface proteins in addition to the receptor for antigen. The structure, function and genetic analysis of four of these T-cell differentiation antigens are discussed.
An assessment of sector separation on the Gulf of Mexico recreational red snapper fishery

Abstract In recreational fisheries with large angler populations, monitoring catch overages is a challenge faced by fisheries managers. A possible solution to this issue is sector separation, which would split the recreational fishery into two angler groups: for-hire (made up of charter boats and headboats) and private. This division would allow the two sectors to have individual Annual Catch Limits (ACLs) and tailored management. This paper uses the Gulf of Mexico recreational red snapper fishery as a case study to examine the impacts of sector separation. Because for-hire anglers can already be regulated and catch limits for private anglers remain hard to enforce, sector separation will have minimal effects on the biology of the red snapper fishery. Economic changes under sector separation are driven by management decisions regarding allocation and by the reality of overage liability. Depending on the ACL allocations and which sector is landing the overages, the for-hire sector can see economic gains with the implementation of sector separation.
Do developmental mathematics programs have a causal impact on student retention? An application of discrete-time survival and regression-discontinuity analysis

The impact of academic programs—such as developmental mathematics programs—on student retention, has been a controversial topic for administrators, policy makers, and faculty in higher education. Despite deep interest in the effectiveness of these programs in retaining students, scholars have been unable to determine whether such programs have a causal impact on student retention. Rather than assigning students to a developmental program based on a random assignment process as in a true experiment, most of the existing research up to this point has been non-experimental and has focused exclusively on whether student background and demographic characteristics are statistically significant predictors of dropout. Furthermore, prior research is also limited by its reliance on cross-sectional, retrospective designs despite the longitudinal nature of the dropout phenomenon. In this paper, I report the results of a unique piece of research which embeds a regression-discontinuity design within the framework provided by discrete-time survival analysis. By combining these two approaches, I was able to obtain an unbiased estimate of the causal impact of participating in a developmental program in mathematics, and confirm that the risk of leaving college among students who participate in developmental mathematics programs was significantly lower than for equivalent students who did not participate in such programs.
Predictors Of Survival In Patients With Aids And Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex Disease

Patients with AIDS and disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex disease (DMAC), as defined by the presence of a positive blood culture for MAC, were studied retrospectively to define the natural history of DMAC. All patients had fevers, severe anemia (hematocrit < 26%), or both. Eighty-seven (76%) had signs, symptoms, or laboratory findings related to the gastrointestinal tract, but no distinct syndrome was identified. Sixty-nine patients received antimycobacterial therapy; assignment to therapy was not randomized. In a proportional hazards analysis, shorter survival was associated with higher initial level of mycobacteremia (relative risk [RR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-2.31; P < .001), while administration of antimycobacterial chemotherapy (RR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.70; P < .001) and antiretroviral therapy (RR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22-0.73; P < .01) had protective effects. Thus, the initial level of mycobacteremia of patients with DMAC may have prognostic value, and administration of antimycobacterial and antiretroviral agents may be associated with prolonged survival.
The chemical kinetics and thermodynamics of sodium species in oxygen‐rich hydrogen flames

Results are presented which, it is claimed, lead to a correction of previous misconceptions over the relative importance and kinetics of NaO2. It is shown that its rapid conversion to NaO and NaOH is such that it can severely perturb the NaOH/Na ratio and produce significant concentration overshoots over that predicted from the balance of the reaction of Na with H2O. This becomes increasingly the case in flames of large O2 concentrations and temperatures below 2500 K; and the corresponding large rate constants for the termolecular formation of the other alkali peroxides imply that similar considerations will be necessary for them. Depending on the rate constants for the exothermic conversions of MO2 to MO or MOH, the steady-state concentrations of MO2 could be more or less significant than for sodium. Owing to numerous reactions that produce these conversions, the MOH species will probably be the dominant species in all cases in oxygen-rich hydrogen or hydrocarbon flames, with MO concentrations at not greater than 1 percent of the bound metal.
Energy use in Poland: An international comparison

Abstract The structure of energy use in Poland and other former centrally-planned economies historically differed considerably from that in Western countries. With the transition toward market-oriented economies underway, changes have occurred, but most of the physical stock remains in place. We compare energy use in Poland with that in Western countries in industry, transportation, and the residential and service sectors. We present data for 1988, the last full year of the centrally-planned economy, and for 1991, after reforms had begun to have an impact. We describe how differences between Poland and Western countries in sectoral energy use are shaped by variation in levels of energy-using activity, the structure of activity, and specific energy intensities. The comparison shows that Poland's comparatively high energy intensities in manufacturing and residential space heating, along with the energy-intensive structure of manufacturing, explain why energy use per capita in Poland is not much below W. European levels despite Poland's much lower GDP per capita.
Evidence of outward flow of plasma in a coronal hole

The solar spectrum was photographed in the range 200-700 A with a grazing-incidence stigmatic rocket spectrograph. Doppler shifts of the three coronal lines Si XI (303 A), Mg X (610 A), and Mg IX (368 A) were measured for various regions of the solar disk, including a coronal hole. From the relative shifts in the latter region, an average outward velocity of 16 km/s was computed for the plasma in the coronal hole. The full widths at half-maximum for the above lines were appreciably less in the coronal-hole region than in a quiet region, indicating a lower temperature in the hole. Both the measured velocity and the temperature results are consistent with solar-wind data and with current theories of coronal holes.
Mycobacterial Diseases Other Than Tuberculosis

The incidence of tuberculosis in the United States declined steadily until 1985, while at the same time, for at least the past 15 years, the frequency of disease attributable to other mycobacteria increased both in actual numbers and in the proportion of the total burden of mycobacterioses. Chronic pulmonary disease, lymphadenitis in children, skin and soft-tissue involvement, and infections of the skeletal system were predominant, and the principal etiologic agents were Mycobacterium avium/Mycobacterium intracellulare complex. Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium fortuitum/Mycobacterium chelonae complex, and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum. Since 1986 disseminated disease has become not only more common, especially in association with opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS, but also attributable in part to the growing population of patients who are immunocompromised because of malignancy, receipt of an organ transplant, and administration of steroids. Treatment of these patients has been difficult because of the frequency of severe underlying conditions and the natural resistance of most of the nontuberculous mycobacteria to the presently available drugs.
A New Method for Genome-wide Marker Development and Genotyping Holds Great Promise for Molecular Primatology

Over the last two decades primatologists have benefited from the use of numerous molecular markers to study various aspects of primate behavior and evolutionary history. However, most of the studies to date have been based on a single locus, usually mitochondrial DNA, or a few nuclear markers, e.g., microsatellites. Unfortunately, the use of such markers not only is unable to address successfully important questions in primate population genetics and phylogenetics (mainly because of the discordance between gene tree and species tree), but also their development is often a time-consuming and expensive task. The advent of next-generation sequencing allows researchers to generate large amounts of genomic data for nonmodel organisms. However, whole genome sequencing is still cost prohibitive for most primate species. We here introduce a second-generation sequencing technique for genotyping thousands of genome-wide markers for nonmodel organisms. Restriction site–associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) reduces the complexity of the genome and allows inexpensive and fast discovery of thousands of markers in many individuals. Here, we describe the principles of this technique and we demonstrate its application in five primates, Microcebus sp., Cebus sp., Theropithecus gelada, Pan troglodytes, and Homo sapiens, representing some of the major lineages within the order. Despite technical and bioinformatic challenges, RAD-seq is a promising method for multilocus phylogenetic and population genetic studies in primates, particularly in young clades in which a high number of orthologous regions are likely to be found across populations or species.
WiBench: An open source kernel suite for benchmarking wireless systems

The rapid growth in the number of mobile devices and the higher data rate requirements of mobile subscribers have made wireless signal processing a key driving application of mobile computing technology. To design better mobile platforms and the supporting wireless infrastructure, it is very important for computer architects and system designers to understand and characterize the performance of existing and upcoming wireless protocols. In this paper, we present a newly developed open-source benchmark suite called WiBench. It consists of a wide range of signal processing kernels used in many mainstream standards such as 802.11, WCDMA and LTE. The kernels include FFT/IFFT, MIMO, channel estimation, channel coding, constellation mapping, etc. Each kernel is a self-contained configurable block which can be tuned to meet the different system requirements. Several standard channel models have also been included to study system performance, such as the bit error rate. The suite also contains an LTE uplink system as a representative example of a wireless system that can be built using these kernels. WiBench is provided in C++ to make it easier for computer architects to profile and analyze the system. We characterize the performance of WiBench to illustrate how it can be used to guide hardware system design. Architectural analyses on each individual kernel and on the entire LTE uplink are performed, indicating the hotspots, available parallelism, and runtime performance. Finally, a MATLAB version is also included for debugging purposes.
Interacting particles, the stochastic Fisher–Kolmogorov–Petrovsky–Piscounov equation, and duality

Abstract The stochastic Fisher–Kolmogorov–Petrovsky–Piscunov equation is ∂ t U(x,t)=D ∂ xx U+γU(1−U)+e U(1−U) η(x,t) for 0⩽U⩽1 where η(x,t) is a Gaussian white noise process in space and time. Here D, γ and e are parameters and the equation is interpreted as the continuum limit of a spatially discretized set of Ito equations. Solutions of this stochastic partial differential equation have an exact connection to the A⇌A+A reaction–diffusion system at appropriate values of the rate coefficients and particles’ diffusion constant. This relationship is called “duality” by the probabilists; it is not via some hydrodynamic description of the interacting particle system. In this paper we present a complete derivation of the duality relationship and use it to deduce some properties of solutions to the stochastic Fisher–Kolmogorov–Petrovsky–Piscunov equation.
Urban youth under stress: Empirical identification of protective factors

Explored the influence of life stress as mediated or moderated by locus of control, family environment, social support, and coping style on psychological adjustment and school performance in 164 ninth graders from Baltimore. Gender differences in findings were shown. For boys, family cohesion was the only variable found to protect against the effects of stress. Family cohesion did not serve protective functions for girls, and along with overall social support, was associated with increased vulnerability to school problems. The report of problem-focused coping strategies exerted a number of protective functions for girls only. External locus of control was found to increase boys' and girls' vulnerability to the effects of life stress. Empirical development of interventions to improve the psychosocial adjustment of inner-city adolescents is discussed.
Properties of alite cements

Abstract For carrying out a comprehensive investigation on physical and mechanical properties of alite mortars and concretes, large quantities of monoclinic alite were produced at the University of California at Berkeley. Laboratory-size specimens were employed to determine strength, drying shrinkage, and sulfate resisting characteristics of mortars and concretes made with alite cements. Small amounts of gypsum (3%) addition accelerated the setting and hardening of the alite cements, however, large amounts (6%) resulted in strength deterioration. Drying shrinkage of alite concretes was significantly lower than portland cement concretes of the same fineness. Long term sulfate immersion of concrete specimens made with an alite cement caused serious spalling and strength loss.
Kineto-elastodynamic design and analysis of a tennis stroke trainer

Abstract Recreational training devices have been in existence for many years. One such device is a tennis stroke trainer (TST). This paper examines the design of a TST with consideration given to its elastic deformation while in motion. A two mass system with one rigid body mode and one vibrational mode is presented and analyzed to show a coupling of rigid body motion and elastic deformation. The elastic deformation and rigid body motion of a model of the TST arm are examined using finite element modeling as well as normal mode vibration modeling. Both numerical and analytical techniques are used to determine the natural frequencies and vibration response of a TST arm subject to an impact force. Parts of the TST are also sized-based on design considerations. These include the arm, the double torsion spring, and the shock absorber. A mathematical model which simulates the motion of the TST is constructed. The analysis techniques presented herein are applied to several prototype models of a TST. Based on prototype observations, recommendations for improvement of the TST design are presented and discussed.
Key Intermolecular Interactions in the E. coli 70S Ribosome Revealed by Coarse-Grained Analysis

The ribosome is a very large complex that consists of many RNA and protein molecules and plays a central role in protein biosynthesis in all organisms. Extensive interactions between different molecules are critical to ribosomal functional dynamics. In this work, intermolecular interactions in the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome are investigated by coarse-grained (CG) analysis. CG models are defined to preserve dynamic domains in RNAs and proteins and to capture functional motions in the ribosome, and then the CG sites are connected by harmonic springs, and spring constants are obtained by matching the computed fluctuations to those of an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Those spring constants indicate how strong the interactions are between the ribosomal components, and they are in good agreement with various experimental data. Nearly all the bridges between the small and large ribosomal subunits are indicated by CG interactions with large spring constants. The head of the small subunit is very...
A factor required for the translation of bacteriophage f2 RNA in extracts of T4-infected cells.

Abstract Extracts prepared from cells infected with bacteriophage T4 are unable to translate f2 RNA in , vitro unless they are supplemented with a fraction derived from the high-salt wash of ribosomes isolated from extracts of uninfected cells. Thus, it is likely that a translational control mechanism is responsible for the restriction of f2 phage replication in T4-infected cells.
The visual space sense.

At the conclusion of this discussion it is important to keep in mind the influences of all the complex processes involved in visual spatial localization, among which stereopsis is only one. The various factors and cues for this spatial localization interact with, complement, reinforce, and perhaps even inhibit one another, depending upon the varying visual surroundings of the moment and upon the physiologic perfection of the visual apparatus. In one9s daily work probably no single factor or group of factors dominates at all times. "Any one who knows how pliable our spatial visual perceptions are under the influence of various conditions of observation and under the influence of past experience, taken into account consciously or unconsciously, should not be surprised at the multiplicity of results of observations on different objects and with different observers" (see 18).
High field generation using silver-sheathed BSCCO conductor

Abstract A J c (77 K) of a 1200 m long silver-sheathed bismuth-based superconducting wire has reached 10 900 A/cm 2 . The performance of application prototypes has also got a great deal of progress. For example, a 60 mm bore BSCCO magnet generated 4 T at 4.2 K, 3 T at 21 K, and stably generated 2.5 T at 21 K for over 150 h when cooled with GM refrigerator. This magnet has a practical-sized winding bore of 60 mm, and a 40 mm RT bore cryostat was installed for actual application. Also. high magnetic field properties of another BSCCO magnet having a 40 mm winding bore were evaluated with a backup field up to 22.54 T at 4.2 and 27 K. The maximum fields generated by a backup hybrid magnet and BSCCO coil was 24.0 and 23.4 T at 4.2 and 27 K, respectively.
Collision Energetics in a Tandem Time-of-Flight (TOF/TOF) Mass Spectrometer with a Curved-Field Reflectron.

Abstract Collisions of fullerene ions (C 60 + ) with helium and neon were carried out over a range of laboratory energies (3–20 keV) on a unique tandem time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometer equipped with a curved-field reflectron (CFR). The CFR enables focusing of product ions over a wide kinetic energy range. Thus, ions extracted from a laser desorption/ionization (LDI) source are not decelerated prior to collision, and collision energies in the laboratory frame are determined by the source extraction voltages. Comparison of product ion mass spectra obtained following collisions with inert gases show a time (and apparent mass) shift for product ions relative to those observed in spectra obtained by metastable dissociation (unimolecular decay), consistent with impulse collision models, in which interactions of helium with fullerene in the high energy range are primarily with a single carbon atom. In addition, within a narrow range of kinetic energies an additional peak corresponding to the capture of helium is observed for fragment ions C 50 + , C 52 + , C 54 + , C 56 + and C 58 + .
The conceptualization and measurement of attributions

Abstract Substantial knowledge has been gained about the information processing that underlies attribution, biases and errors in the perception of causation and responsibility, and several types of consequences of attribution. We have far less systematic information about the adequacy of those measures typically employed to elicit attributions. Several issues in the conceptualization and measurement of attributions are explored in this paper, drawing on confirmatory factor analyses of attributions in two related samples. Central issues include: (1) the validity and reliability of several types of attributional measures; (2) the relationship between dispositional and situational attributions; and (3) the specificity and meaning of particular attributional categories.
The pediatric cardiologist and adolescents with congenital heart disease

The Cardiology Division of The Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh has designed a format for dealing with adolescent patients with ongoing cardiac disease. At this stage, when the patients are neither children nor adults, the integration of ongoing disease is particularly difficult. They are already more vulnerable because of the complex psychosocial demands of normal adolescent growth and development. The issues of understanding and addressing all of their needs are of upmost importance if they are to be given total medical care.
The evolution of the DARWIN system

DARWIN is a web-based system for presenting the results of wind-tunnel testing and computational model analyses to aerospace designers. DARWIN captures the data, maintains the information, and manages derived knowledge (e.g. visualizations, etc.) of large quantities of aerospace data. In addition, it provides tools and an environment for distributed collaborative engineering. We are currently constructing the third version of the DARWIN software system. DARWN's development history has, in some sense, tracked the development of web applications. The 1995 DARWIN reflected the latest web technologies--CGI scripts, Java applets and a three-layer architecture--available at that time. The 1997 version of DARWIN expanded on this base, making extensive use of a plethora of web technologies, including Java/JavaScript and Dynamic HTML. While more powerful, this multiplicity has proven to be a maintenance and development headache. The year 2000 version of DARWIN will provide a more stable and uniform foundation environment, composed primarily of Java mechanisms. In this paper, we discuss this evolution, comparing the strengths and weaknesses of the various architectural approaches and describing the lessons learned about building complex web applications.
Conductance oscillations in a deformable quantum ring

Low temperature magnetoconductance oscillation measurements are reported for a deformable quantum ring. The quantum ring is formed from a two-dimensional electron gas in a GaAsAl0.3Ga0.7As heterostructure via electrostatic gates: outside gates define the outer perimeter with two quantum point contacts and a separately contacted center gate forms a central hole with adjustable size. Three lithography layers, aligned to 50 nm precision, were required to achieve independent contact to the center gate. Series of magneto-oscillation power spectra for increasing size of the central hole show two sets of peaks: one at essentially constant magnetic frequency corresponding to the area enclosed by the outer circumference as for edge-state interference and one which shifts to lower frequency corresponding to the area of the electron ring.
X3DBio1: a visual analysis tool for biomolecular structure exploration

Protein tertiary structure analysis provides valuable information on their biochemical functions. The structure-to-function relationship can be directly addressed through three dimensional (3D) biomolecular structure exploration and comparison. We present X3DBio1, a visual analysis tool for 3D biomolecular structure exploration, which allows for easy visual analysis of 2D intra-molecular contact map and 3D density exploration for protein, DNA, and RNA structures. A case study is also presented in this paper to illustrate the utility of the tool. X3DBio1 is open source and freely downloadable. We expect this tool can be applied to solve a variety of biological problems.
The least prime quadratic residue and the class number

For an odd prime p, let l(p) denote the least positive prime which is a quadratic residue modulo p. An elementary proof is given of the following: For p ≡ 3 mod 8 and p > 3, l(p) = (p + 1)4 iff the class number h(−p) = 1.
Meridionally Propagating Interannual-to-Interdecadal Variability in a Linear Ocean-Atmosphere Model

Meridional oscillation modes in a global, primitive-equation coupled ocean-atmosphere model have been analyzed in order to determine whether they contain such meridionally propagating modes as surface-pressure perturbations with years-to-decades oscillation periods. A two-layer global ocean model and a two-level global atmosphere model were then formulated. For realistic parameter values and basic states, meridional modes oscillating at periods of several years to several decades are noted to be present in the coupled ocean-atmosphere model; the oscillation periods, travel times, and meridional structures of surface pressure perturbations in one of the modes are found to be comparable to the corresponding characteristics of observed sea-level pressure perturbations.
Structure, dynamics and vibrational spectrum of supercritical CO2/H2O mixtures from ab initio molecular dynamics as a function of water cluster formation.

In this study, we investigate the effect of water-cluster formation in the supercritical (SC) systems CO2/(H2O)n as a function of water content using DFT-based molecular dynamics simulations. The dependence of the intermolecular and intramolecular structure and dynamic properties upon water concentration in the supercritical CO2/H2O phase at a density of 0.74 g cm−3 and temperature of 318.15 K is investigated in detail and compared to previous studies of the pure sc-CO2 system, single D2O in sc-CO2, and Monte-Carlo simulations of a single water molecule in sc-CO2 phase. Analysis of radial and orientational distribution functions of the intermolecular interactions shows that the presence of water molecules does not disturb the previously established distorted T-shaped orientation of CO2 molecules, though there is evidence of perturbation of the second shell structure which enhances the preference for the slipped parallel orientation in this region. There is also evidence of short-lived hydrogen bonds between CO2 and water molecules. For higher water concentrations, water clustering is observed, consistent with the low solubility of water in CO2 under these conditions of temperature and pressure. Finally, the water–water and water–CO2 interactions are discussed and analyzed in terms of the water self-association and thermodynamic quantities derived from the molecular dynamics simulations.
Role of citrate, lactate, pyruvate, and fatty acids in albumin-induced bone resorption.

SummarySeveral substances known to be bound to serum albumin were tested for bone resorbing activity. Citrate, lactate, and pyruvate were ineffective in the concentration range present in albumin. Fatty acids stimulated bone resorption. However, the fatty acid content of several albumins did not correlate well with the bone resorbing activity of these same proteins.The activated charcoal treated fraction V bovine serum albumin, lot 80, was prepared and kindly supplied to us by Dr. Boyd E. Metzger.
Abstract 5143: KDM3A promotes cell growth and cisplatin-resistance in ovarian cancer cells

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer affecting the women worldwide. One of the main challenging hurdles in ovarian cancer treatment is the high recurrence rate due to therapeutic resistance. Recent evidences showed that JmjC-domain (JMJD) containing histone demethylases plays a critical role in controlling gene expression during normal development and cancer progression. Aims: To determine whether histone demethylase plays a role in ovarian cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Methods: We developed cisplatin-resistance ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and OVCAR-5 and isolated total RNA to screen the expression pattern of JMJD family genes by real-time RT-PCR. We performed stable knock-down of KDM3A by lentiviral mediated ShRNA transfection and studied its effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis by MTT assay and western blot analysis (PARP, caspase-3), respectively. We also determined the effect of KDM3A knock-down on cell cycle and apoptosis regulators by western blot. Results: Our observations indicated the differential expression of various JMJD family proteins between cisplatin-resistance and sensitive cell lines. To further evaluate our results, we also tested the expression of those differentially expressed JMJD proteins in a widely used cisplatin-resistance and sensitive A2780 cell lines. We observed that KDM3A/JMJD1A is consistently overexpressed in all the cisplatin-resistance cell lines studied. Next, we stably knock-down KDM3A in cisplatin-resistance OVCAR-5 and A2780 cell lines. More interestingly, we found that KDM3A depletion inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and enhanced the sensitivity to cisplatin treatment. Further, we confirmed that the important regulators of cell cycle and apoptosis including p21 and Bcl-2 were modulated by KDM3A knock-down. Conclusions: Our results indicate that KDM3A is a critical epigenetic factor required for the ovarian cancer growth by promoting cell proliferation and cisplatin-resistance. Our findings might have important clinical implications in targeting ovarian cancer cells by using specific histone demethylase inhibitors. Grant support: This work was supported by Carl and Roberta Deutsch, and Kelly Day Foundations. Citation Format: Sivakumar Ramadoss, Suvajit Sen, Gautam Chaudhuri, Robin Farias-Eisner. KDM3A promotes cell growth and cisplatin-resistance in ovarian cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5143. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5143
Gender, instrumentality, and expressivity: moderators of the relation between stress and psychological symptoms during adolescence.

Examined the roles of gender, instrumentafity, and expressivity as moderators of the relations between stressful events and psychological symptoms in samples o f junior high (n = 93), senior high (n = 140), and college students (n = 145). Female adolescents in all three samples reported more overall negative events than did males. Females in the junior and senior high samples reported more negative interpersonal stresses than did males. However, there were no indications in any of the samples of a stronger relation between negative events and psychological symptoms for adolescent females than males. Further, there was little evidence that instrumentality or expressivity moderated the relations between negative events and psychological symptoms. In each sample, certain stresses were most strongly related to psychological symptoms: family stresses in the junior high, peer stresses in the senior high, and academic stresses in the college sample. Implications of the findings for developmental changes in stress during adolescence are discussed.
Patient specific cutting blocks are currently of no proven value.

Patient specific cutting guides generated by preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the patient’s extremity have been proposed as a method of improving the consistency of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) alignment and adding efficiency to the operative procedure. The cost of this option was evaluated by quantifying the savings from decreased operative time and instrument processing costs compared to the additional cost of the MRI and the guide. Coronal plane alignment was measured in an unselected consecutive series of 200 TKAs, 100 with standard instrumentation and 100 with custom cutting guides. While the cutting guides had significantly lower total operative time and instrument processing time, the estimated $322 savings was overwhelmed by the $1,500 additional cost of the MRI and the cutting guide. All measures of coronal plane alignment were equivalent between the two groups. The data does not currently support the proposition that patient specific guides add value to TKA.
Characterization of a Vibrio fischeri aminopeptidase and evidence for its influence on an early stage of squid colonization.

ABSTRACT Vibrio fischeri cells are the sole colonists of a specialized light organ in the mantle cavity of the sepiolid squid Euprymna scolopes. The process begins when the bacteria aggregate in mucus secretions outside the light organ. The cells eventually leave the aggregate, enter the light organ, and encounter a rich supply of peptides. The need to dissociate from mucus and presumably utilize peptides led us to hypothesize that protease activity is integral to the colonization process. Protease activity associated with whole cells of Vibrio fischeri strain ES114 was identified as the product of a putative cell membrane-associated aminopeptidase (PepN). To characterize this activity, the aminopeptidase was cloned, overexpressed, and purified. Initial steady-state kinetic studies revealed that the aminopeptidase has broad activity, with a preference for basic and hydrophobic side chains and k cat and K m values that are lower and smaller, respectively, than those of Escherichia coli PepN. A V. fischeri mutant unable to produce PepN is significantly delayed in its ability to colonize squid within the first 12 h, but eventually it establishes a wild-type colonization level. Likewise, in competition with the wild type for colonization, the mutant is outcompeted at 12 h postinoculation but then competes evenly by 24 h. Also, the PepN-deficient strain fails to achieve wild-type levels of cells in aggregates, suggesting an explanation for the initial colonization delay. This study provides a foundation for more studies on PepN expression, localization, and role in the early stages of squid colonization.
Timing analysis of computer hardware

Timing Analysis is a design automation program that assists computer design engineers in locating problem timing in a clocked, sequential machine. The program is effective for large machines because, in part, the running time is proportional to the number of circuits. This is in contrast to alternative techniques such as delay simulation, which requires large numbers of test patterns, and path tracing, which requires tracing of all paths. The output of Timing Analysis includes "Slack" at each block to provide a measure of the severity of any timing problem. The program also generates standard deviations for the times so that a statistical timing design can be produced rather than a worst case approach. This system has successfully detected all but a few timing problems for the IBM 3081 Processor Unit (consisting of almost 800 000 circuits) prior to the hardware debugging of timing. The 3081 is characterized by a tight statistical timing design.
Expression of bone matrix proteins during dexamethasone‐induced mineralization of human bone marrow stromal cells

Glucocorticoids have been shown to induce the differentiation of bone marrow stromal osteoprogenitor cells into osteoblasts and the mineralization of the matrix. Since the expression of bone matrix proteins is closely related to the differentiation status of osteoblasts and because matrix proteins may play important roles in the mineralization process, we investigated the effects of dexamethasone (Dex) on the expression of bone matrix proteins in cultured normal human bone marrow stromal cells (HBMSC). Treatment of HBMSC with Dex for 23 days resulted in a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity with maximum values attained on day 20 at which time the cell matrix was mineralized. Northern blot analysis revealed an increase in the steady-state mRNA level of alkaline phosphatase over 4 weeks of Dex exposure period. The observed increase in the alkaline phosphatase mRNA was effective at a Dex concentration as low as 10(-10) M with maximum values achieved at 10(-8)M. In contrast, Dex decreased the steady-state mRNA levels of both bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteopontin (OPN) over a 4 week observation period when compared to the corresponding control values. The relative BSP and OPN mRNA levels among the Dex treated cultures, however, showed a steady increase after more than 1 week exposure. The expression of osteocalcin mRNA which was decreased after 1 day Dex exposure was undetectable 4 days later. Neither control nor Dex-treated HBMSC secreted osteocalcin into the conditioned media in the absence of 1 ,25(OH)(2)D(3) during a 25-day observation period. The accumulated data indicate that Dex has profound and varied effects on the expression of matrix proteins produced by human bone marrow stromal cells. With the induced increment in alkaline phosphatase correlating with the mineralization effects of Dex, the observed concomitant decrease in osteopontin and bone sialoprotein mRNA levels and the associated decline of osteocalcin are consistent with the hypothesis that the regulation of the expression of these highly negatively charged proteins is essential in order to maximize the Dex-induced mineralization process conditioned by normal human bone marrow stromal osteoprogenitor cells.
Testing the Dimensionality of Place Attachment in Recreational Settings

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the psychometric properties of a place-attachment scale using data collected from visitors to the Appalachian Trail in the United States. These data...
A Tale of Mismanagement at Sea

Overfishing, wasteful fishing and destructive fishing take a large toll of the fish and all other life in the sea: more than half the important commercial fish species have been overfished; every year several million tonnes offish and other animals are caught incidentally and discarded, and modern equipment such as bottom trawls and indestructible nylon nets which, lost overboard, become permanent fish traps, spread devastation. Coral reef exploitation, oil exploration, land erosion, dams on major rivers all affect the seas, while much of the agricultural pesticides and the industrial toxic wastes end up there too. Fish provide much-needed animal protein for humans. As more than half the marine productivity is within 200 miles of the shore, which is where 98 per cent of the world’s fish catches are made, the need for good management is clearly urgent.
ON CERTAIN SPONTANEOUS CHICKEN TUMORS AS MANIFESTATIONS OF A SINGLE DISEASE II. SIMPLE SPINDLE-CELLED SARCOMATA.

The forty-third spontaneous chicken tumor received at this laboratory strikingly resembles the first and has given rise on transplantation to an entirely similar series of neoplasms. Tumors of both strains are due to a filterable agent which remains active in the dried or glycerinated tissue.
Information Security: SETA Program Status at Jordanian Universities

An information security education awareness training (SETA) program is considered one of the key factors for making the information technology environment more secure and efficient. This research aimed at investigating and determining the status of the SETA program in Jordanian universities. The findings indicated an alarmingly high rate of unawareness of security, with no education and training programs available in the surveyed Jordanian universities. The lack of adequate knowledge and security implementation among the majority of the communities of the surveyed universities showed the need of a well-designed SETA program in Jordanian universities.
Epochal changes in Indian Monsoon-ENSO precursors

Precursors for the Indian monsoon are known to be highly epoch specific in their skills in predicting the monsoon on seasonal time scales. We show that the various precursors are correlated with the monsoon, only when they are correlated with ENSO, which happened in the recent period 1951–1990, but not in the 1990's and the period 1911–50. This accounts for the skill in monsoon prediction during 1951–90. We find that ENSO and its precursors tend toward higher amplitude and 3–5 year periods in the 1951–1990 epoch, and toward decreased amplitude and 5–7 year periods in the 1911–1950 epoch. We argue that the shift to lower frequency and amplitude in the earlier epoch diminished the association between the monsoon precursors and ENSO, leading to diminished skill in predicting the monsoon in that epoch. However, the simultaneous relationship between the monsoon and ENSO has been stable over the past 140 years, suggesting that the monsoon—ENSO teleconnections are robust once ENSO is established. Changes in the frequency of ENSO have implications for statistical prediction schemes for ENSO and the monsoon.
Topographic control on distribution of modern microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS): A case study from Texas coast

Abstract Modern back-barrier tidal flats of Galveston Island, Follets Island, and Matagorda Peninsula of the Texas coast are dominated by mud- to fine sand-sized siliciclastic sediments and prolific microbial mats. These microbial mats modify sediment behavior and result in a variety of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS). Common structures include: knobby surfaces, reticulated surfaces, gas domes, mat-cracks, sieve-like surfaces, erosional pockets, wrinkles, and mat chips. In general, mat thicknesses increase from ∼ 1 mm in the upper supratidal to ∼ 3 cm (maximum) in the lower supratidal and then decrease to ∼ 2 mm in the lower intertidal areas. This same wedge-shaped pattern is displayed by detailed measurements of mat thicknesses from the rims into the deeper centers of depressions (pools) on the supratidal flats. Measurements of 175 mat-cracks show that height of the curled edges of the mat-crack polygons increases with increase in mat thickness. Similarly, measurements of 150 gas domes reveal that the size of the gas domes also increases with increasing thickness of the associated mats. Because mat thickness varies with elevation on the tidal flat, curl height of the mat-cracks and size of the gas domes are also related to elevation. Six zones were identified based on the occurrence of MISS within the supratidal (zone-I) to upper subtidal (zone-VI) areas. At the highest elevation, knobby surfaces characterize zone-I whereas zone-II is defined by reticulated surfaces. Along with reticulated surfaces, gas domes and mat-cracks characterize zone-III and zone-IV, respectively. Association of sieve-like surfaces with mat-cracks typifies zone-V whereas mat deformation structures and sieve-like surfaces define zone-VI. Boundaries between the MISS-zones in general are parallel and related to tidal zones. The distribution patterns of the MISS-zones are strongly controlled by local topography of the sediment surface because the degree of inundation is the primary controlling factor for the mat growth and resultant MISS. Therefore, distribution of the microbially induced sedimentary structures in siliciclastics, along with the dimension of the mat-cracks and gas domes, can be potentially helpful in interpretation of topography of paleodepositional surfaces.
The Development of Melanophores in the Down Feathers and Skin of the Silkie Fowl

Abstract INTRODUCTION ACCORDING to Weidenreich (1912) numerous pigment cells occur in all the deeper parts of the body as well as in the skin of the lower classes of vertebrates. In birds and mammals, there has been a progressive reduction of the visceral pigment cells, with the result that the largest accumulations of melanin are generally confined to the epidermis alone, more specifically to derivatives of the epidermis such as feathers and hair. However a notable exception to this rule occurs in the Silkie fowl. At least 5 varieties of Silkie fowl have been produced by selection. These are the White, Black, Blue, Gray and Partridge Silkies. In addition to the characteristic feather color all varieties possess gross blue-black pigmentation of the dermis, subcutaneous tissues, parietal and visceral peritoneum, periosteum and perichondrium. Pigment cells are also found in abundance in close association with the blood vessels, in the membranes of the . . .
An Operational Mesoscale Ensemble-Based Forecast System using HPC Resources

The US Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC) currently is responsible for providing operational meteorological support to research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) activities at eight Army installations. The four-dimensional weather (4DWX) meteorological support system used to provide that support was developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in collaboration with ATEC meteorologists. A high-resolution (mesoscale) numerical weather prediction (NWP) model is a major 4DWX component in operational use at seven ATEC test centers. This paper describes current 4DWX NWP capabilities and discusses how the new Department of Defense (DoD) dedicated high performance computing project investment (DHPI) at Dugway proving ground (DPG) will enhance NWP forecast support to ATEC field and virtual tests.
Incidental Health Information Use on the Internet

This study investigates the correlates of incidental or nonpurposive health information use on the Internet. Through a secondary analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey II data, this study reveals that incidental health information use on the Internet is positively associated with overall Internet use, active health information seeking on the Internet, and incidental health information use from traditional media. Thus, this study extends the notion of media complementarity to incidental media usage in a health communication context. This study also reveals that adults who have been diagnosed with cancer are more likely to have incidental health information use from traditional media but not the Internet. More important, this study suggests that incidental health information use on the Internet is positively associated with health knowledge. The findings have important implications for health information campaigns on the Internet.