cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Shame: An Acute Stress Response to Interpersonal Traumatization

This paper conceptualizes shame as an acute stress response to an unacceptable view of oneself mediated through another's perspective. After reviewing the developmental antecedents and ontogenetic role of shame, the author first illustrates how shame may induce a depressive paralysis and self-hurtful intent when the goal of reconciliation is thwarted. She then addresses how shame ignited by narcissistic injury can mobilize aggressive behavior toward others, motivated by a need to restore the self. The goals of this paper are to demonstrate that the configurations of shame are manifestations of interpersonal traumatization, to define them as predictable stress responses that activate specific goal-directed behaviors, and to propose the use of these conceptualizations in the empirical study of interpersonal traumatization.
Expressive lighting for interactive entertainment

Lighting design is an essential element of visual storytelling. In cinematic theory, lighting design plays an important role in illumination, directing viewer's gaze to important locations, and portraying visual tension. However, lighting design is a complex process, and is especially problematic for interactive entertainment systems, since important design parameters such as spatial configuration, dramatic focus, and dramatic intensity, cannot be determined in advance. Indeed, they often change dramatically during interaction. Additionally, manually adjusting colors, positions, and angles of each light in a scene is a time consuming and tedious process. In this paper, we describe a system developed based on cinematic and theatrical lighting design theory to automatically adjust positions, colors, and angles of each light in real-time to accommodate the continually evolving dramatic situation, while maintaining the desired style, and ensuring visual continuity.
Blood circulation in the balanomorph barnacle, Megabalanus californicus (Pilsbry)

Compared to the lepadomorph barnacles, the morphology of hemolymph circulation in the balanomorphs is poorly known. This report on Megabalanus californicus is the first detailed description of blood circulation in a balanomorph barnacle. In Megabalanus hemolymph circulates in a similar pattern to that seen in lepadomorphs. However, Megabalanus shows major differences. (1) The mantle and associated structures ( =peduncle in the lepadomorphs) shows no large sinuses and blood is directed to branchiae via well defined vessels. (2) The gut is entirely invested with vessels from the distributive system (except for the proctodaeum). (3) A large sinus in the thoracic region (thoracic sinus) has no similar structure in the lepadomorphs. (4) The prosomal sinus is reduced and positioned dorsally. (5) The rostral sinus is larger than any found in the lepadomorphs and receives a substantial amount of blood from the peripheral circulation. The smallness of the prosomal sinus in Megabalanus probably is due to lack of a contractile peduncle. In the lepadomorphs the prosomal sinus likely serves as a storage sinus for hemolymph when the peduncle is contracted.
Medium-Range Order Structures of Amorphous Diamond-Like Carbon Films

In this paper, we have studied medium-range order structures in amorphous diamond-like carbon films with fluctuation microscopy. Medium-range order structures are quantified by a specific form of a general four-body correlation. We name this function as a pair-pair alignment correlation function. By analyzing speckle dark-field images taken over different areas as a function of momentum transfer in reciprocal space, we measured the pair-pair alignment correlation function for both thermally annealed samples and unannealed samples. We have found that thermal annealing introduces medium-range order in amorphous diamond-like carbon films, causing more pairs of atoms to be aligned. These results agree with density-functional simulations. Larger-scale simulations will be needed to fully understand our experimental results.
Interpretation of the Wright-Giemsa Stained Bronchoalveolar Lavage Specimen

Use of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) requires attention to the details of acquiring and analysis of the sample. Proper staining and interpretation is crucial in reducing the variability of lavage. We will review the commonly used Wright-Giemsa stain and discuss some of the problems which can be encountered when using this stain to evaluate BAL samples. After reading this article, the reader should understand how to collect and handle a bronchoalveolar lavage. The reader should also understand how to perform and interpret a Wright-Giemsa stain of the specimen. Histology exam 10401 questions and the corresponding answer form are located after the "Your Lab Focus" section on p. 573.
Designing neural network architectures for pattern recognition

An appropriately designed architecture of a neural network is essential to many realistic pattern-recognition tasks. A choice of just the right number of neurons, and their interconnections, can cut learning costs by orders of magnitude, and still warrant high classification accuracy. Surprisingly, textbooks often neglect this issue. A specialist seeking systematic information will soon realize that relevant material is scattered over diverse sources, each with a different perspective, terminology and goals. This brief survey attempts to rectify the situation by explaining the involved aspects, and by describing some of the fundamental techniques.
Circuit design considerations for 100 GHz clock rates

Recent developments in highly scaled SiGe and InP IC technologies have yielded devices with f/sub T/ and f/sub max/ figures-of-merit well beyond 300GHz, bringing with them the potential to operate circuits of considerable complexity at clock rates exceeding 100GHz. An initial emphasis upon digital applications helps to put the technologies on a roadmap where further development can be fueled to open the door to other mixed-signal possibilities. Designing circuits at these frequencies requires a balance of thermal and electromagnetic concerns along with the traditional IC design issues, but measured results are demonstrating that these concerns are manageable.
Optimal design with probabilistic objective and constraints

Significant challenges are associated with solving optimal structural design problems involving the failure probability in the objective and constraint functions. In this paper, we develop gradient-based optimization algorithms for estimating the solution of three classes of such problems in the case of continuous design variables. Our approach is based on a sequence of approximating design problems, which is constructed and then solved by a semiinfinite optimization algorithm. The construction consists of two steps: First, the failure probability terms in the objective function are replaced by auxiliary variables resulting in a simplified objective function. The auxiliary variables are determined automatically by the optimization algorithm. Second, the failure probability constraints are replaced by a parametrized first-order approximation. The parameter values are determined in an adaptive manner based on separate estimations of the failure probability. Any computational reliability method, including first-order reliability and second-order reliability methods and Monte Carlo simulation, can be used for this purpose. After repeatedly solving the approximating problem, an approximate solution of the original design problem is found, which satisfies the failure probability constraints at a precision level corresponding to the selected reliability method. The approach is illustrated by a series of examples involving optimal design and maintenance planning of a reinforced concrete bridge girder.
Cloning of Syrian Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) Cytokine cDNAs and Analysis of Cytokine mRNA Expression in Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis

The Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is uniquely susceptible to a variety of intracellular pathogens and is an excellent model for a number of human infectious diseases. The molecular basis for this high level of susceptibility is unknown, and immunological studies related to this model have been limited by the lack of available reagents. In this report we describe the cloning and sequence analysis of portions of the Syrian hamster interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-10, IL-12p40, and transforming growth factor β cDNAs. In addition, we examined the cytokine response to infection with the intracellular protozoan Leishmania donovani in this animal model. Sequence analysis of the hamster cytokines revealed 69 to 93% homology with the corresponding mouse, rat, and human nucleotide sequences and 48 to 100% homology with the deduced amino acid sequences. The hamster IFN-γ, compared with the mouse and rat homologs, had an additional 17 amino acids at the C terminus that could decrease the biological activity of this molecule and thus contribute to the extreme susceptibility of this animal to intracellular pathogens. The splenic expression of these genes in response to infection with L. donovani, the cause of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), was determined by Northern blotting. VL in the hamster is a progressive, lethal disease which very closely mimics active human disease. In this model there was pronounced expression of the Th1 cytokine mRNAs, with transcripts being detected as early as 1 week postinfection. Basal expression of IL-4 in uninfected hamsters was prominent but did not increase in response to infection with L. donovani. IL-12 transcript expression was detected at low levels in infected animals and paralleled the expression of IFN-γ. Expression of IL-10, a potent macrophage deactivator, increased throughout the course of infection and could contribute to the progressive nature of this infection. These initial studies are the first to examine the molecular immunopathogenesis of a hamster model of VL infection and indicate that progressive disease in this model of VL is not associated with early polarization of the splenic cellular immune response toward a Th2 phenotype and away from a Th1 phenotype.
Intraguild predation in a structured habitat: distinguishing multiple-predator effects from competitor effects.

The ability to forecast community dynamics requires, among other things, an understanding of indirect effects and nonlinearities in webs of interacting species, together with knowledge of how habitat structure mediates interactions. We explored these aspects for a coral reef system in Moorea, French Polynesia, involving intraguild predation where the shared damselfish prey (juvenile yellowtail dascyllus Dascyllus flavicaudus) and two species of intraguild (IG) prey (the ambush predators arc-eye hawkfish Paracirrhites arcatus and red-spotted coral crab Trapezia rufopunctata) shelter together in branching Pocilloporid corals for protection from mobile IG predators. Field experiments revealed that both IG prey had strong adverse effects on survivorship of juvenile damselfish, but that the dominant underlying process was competition for enemy-free space and not direct consumption. In this case, the combined effect of hawkfish and crabs did not result in either risk enhancement or risk reduction for the damsel...
Monte Carlo FEXT cancellers for DSL channels

Crosstalk coupling is a severe impairment to transmission on twisted-pair copper cables such as digital subscriber telephone loops (DSLs). In this paper, we investigate the problem of far-end crosstalk (FEXT) cancellation for DSL. We propose a new soft interference canceller for coordinated self-FEXT cancellation across multiple twisted-pairs. The proposed receiver treats the FEXT-impaired channel as a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel; it uses the sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) technique to exploit the sequential structure inherent in iterative cancellation techniques for MIMO decoding. On telephone loops with strong FEXT, the proposed algorithm shows 0.5-dB coding gain with respect to previously proposed techniques. Furthermore, being soft-input-soft-output in nature, the proposed SMC receiver can iteratively exchange extrinsic information with a MAP decoder to successively cancel FEXT, leading to a turbo FEXT canceller.
Privacy Regulation: Culturally Universal or Culturally Specific?

This article examines privacy as a generic process that occurs in all cultures but that also differs among cultures in terms of the behavioral mechanisms used to regulate desired levels of privacy. Ethnographic data are examined from a variety of cultures, particularly from societies with apparently maximum and minimum privacy, and from analyses of various social relationships, such as parents and children, in-laws, husbands and wives. It is concluded that privacy is a universal process that involves culturally unique regulatory mechanisms.
Estimating the "impact" of out-of-home placement on child well-being: approaching the problem of selection bias

This study used data on 2,453 children aged 4–17 from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being and 5 analytic methods that adjust for selection factors to estimate the impact of out-of-home placement on children’s cognitive skills and behavior problems. Methods included ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and residualized change, simple change, difference-in-difference, and fixed effects models. Models were estimated using the full sample and a matched sample generated by propensity scoring. Although results from the unmatched OLS and residualized change models suggested that out-of-home placement is associated with increased child behavior problems, estimates from models that more rigorously adjust for selection bias indicated that placement has little effect on children’s cognitive skills or behavior problems.
Interchangeability of activated clotting time values across different point-of-care systems.

Significant variability in activated clotting time (ACT) measurement exists based on the type of point-of-care system used. We sought to determine the degree of agreement in ACT measurements by the Hemochron Response and the Hemochron Signature Elite Whole Blood coagulation systems and whether these 2 systems can be used interchangeably. We prospectively compared 126-paired samples in 77 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. ACT was measured for each sample using the Hemochron Response system with glass test tubes and the Hemochron Signature Elite system with low-range ACT cuvettes simultaneously. We used correlation and Bland–Altman analyses. Mean age of the study cohort was 67 ± 11 years, 49% were women, and 65% of measurements were made after systemic anticoagulation. There was a significant correlation between the Hemochron Response and Hemochron Signature Elite systems (r = 0.84, p 10% disagreement and 8% of samples had >20% disagreement in the ACTs measured with the Hemochron Response compared to the Hemochron Signature Elite. In conclusion, the Hemochron Response and Hemochron Signature Elite ACT values cannot be used interchangeably. Institutions using these 2 devices should be cognizant of this difference for ensuring patient safety.
Growth hormone and growth.

THE RECENT cascade of knowledge of the chemistry and physiology of the protein and polypeptide hormones of the pituitary gland has been a consequence of steady progress over the past 20 years in methods of isolation, purification, and assay of these hormones. These development, while providing new insights into old problems, have raised a host of challenging and unanticipated questions. Of especial interest to students of growth is the considerable new information on growth hormone, the subject of a recent and perceptive review by Allen Root. New analytical technique utilizing immunochemical methods and radioiodinated hormone have provided specific, sensitive, and precise redioimmunoassay procedures for the measurement of the minute quanitity of human growth hormone in blood.
Some Comments on “Parametric Equations and Plane Curves”

where X = (x, y, z), A = (av a2, a3), B = (bl9 b2, b3), and C = (cl9 c2, c3). Assuming that A is not parallel to B, the linear combinations of these two vectors form a plane through the origin. Thus, (3) is a vector parametrization of the plane II through the point (cvc2,c3) and parallel to the vectors A and B. Obviously, the points given by (1) lie on this plane. Equation (3) represents a line when A and B are not both zero and A is parallel to B, and (3) represents a point when A = B = 0. Therefore, the curve (1) is planar in all cases. From this point of view one also obtains the following generalization: For any functions f and g, the curve represented by the equations
Observations on antiviral activity of netropsin.

SummaryNetropsin, an antibiotic from culture nitrates of Streptomyces netropsis, has marked therapeutic effect on experimental vaccinial infections (WR strain) in intracerebrally inoculated mice. It is ineffective against infections in mice with the viruses of feline pneumonitis, influenza, Western equine encephalomyelitis, and poliomyelitis.
EXPERIENCES IN USING THE CYBER 203 AND CYBER 205 FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSONIC FLOW CALCULATIONS

In this paper, the authors report an some of their experiences modifying two three-dimensional transonic flow programs (FL022 and FL027) for use on the NASA Langley Research Center CiBER 203. Roth of the programs discussed were originally written for use on serial machines. Several methods were attempted to optimize the execution of the two programs on the vector machine including: (1) leaving the program in a scalar form (i.e., serial computation) with compiler software used to optimize and vectorize the program, (2) vectorizing parts of the existing algorithm in the program, and (3) incorporating a "new" vectorizable algorithm (ZEBRA I or ZEBRA 11) in the program. Comparison run8 of the programs were run on a CYBER 175, a CYBER 203, and a 2-pipe CYBER 205.
Critical review: Uncharted waters? The future of the electricity-water nexus.

Electricity generation often requires large amounts of water, most notably for cooling thermoelectric power generators and moving hydroelectric turbines. This so-called “electricity-water nexus” has received increasing attention in recent years by governments, nongovernmental organizations, industry, and academics, especially in light of increasing water stress in many regions around the world. Although many analyses have attempted to project the future water requirements of electricity generation, projections vary considerably due to differences in temporal and spatial boundaries, modeling frameworks, and scenario definitions. This manuscript is intended to provide a critical review of recent publications that address the future water requirements of electricity production and define the factors that will moderate the water requirements of the electric grid moving forward to inform future research. The five variables identified include changes in (1) fuel consumption patterns, (2) cooling technology pref...
Abstract 1311: ATR inhibition sensitizes p53-deficient cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs

PURPOSE: We sought to determine whether genetic inhibition of the ATR kinase would preferentially sensitize p53-deficient cancer cells to therapeutic agents that cause replication stress. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES: Previous studies have shown that p53-deficient cancer cells harboring hypomorphic ATR alleles are highly sensitive to DNA damaging agents and DNA replication inhibitors that are commonly used in the clinic. We hypothesize that p53-dependent cell cycle checkpoints would prevent damaged, ATR-deficient cells from entering S-phase and mitosis, and thereby enhance cell survival. To test this hypothesis, we used a gene targeting approach to knock-in wild type p53 into cells with wild type and hypomorphic ATR alleles. The combined effects of ATR and p53 were determined by clonogenic survival assays, flow cytometry and analysis of apoptotic proteins. SUMMARY: RNAi-mediated knockdown of ATR in p53-deficient cells caused reduced survival after cisplatin treatment, compared with knockdown of ATR in isogenic p53-proficient cells. To unambiguously test whether ATR inhibition preferentially sensitizes p53-deficient cancer cells, we used a knock-in vector to replace a p53-mutant allele with a wild type allele. Homologous recombinant cells expressed wild type p53 protein and the p53 target proteins p21 and p53R2, demonstrating restoration of a functional p53 pathway. Knock-in of wild type p53 restored the G 1 /S checkpoint induced by ionizing radiation. Most significantly, genetic restoration of the p53 pathway rescued the survival defect of the ATR-deficient cells in response to chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide genetic evidence that p53 and ATR function synergistically to enhance the survival of human cancer cells treated with agents that cause DNA replication stress. We propose that pharmacologic inhibition of ATR would cause enhanced killing of cells with loss of p53 function following treatment with DNA replication inhibitors and DNA crosslinking agents, thereby increasing their therapeutic index. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1311.
Fish Peptones for Microbial Media Developed from Red Hake and from a Fishery By-Product.

Suitability of two soluble, heat stable fish peptones derived from Red Hake ( Urophycis chuss .) and Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus ), was explored as peptone constituents of microbiological media. Both processes for producing these fish peptones are described. Comparative growth curves of various microorganisms in peptone broth cultures were made by turbidity measurements. Recovery of fastidious lactobacilli and other microorganisms was compared on peptone agar media. The soluble fish peptones were usually equal to, if not better than, the commercially available peptones and beef extract. Fish represent a potentially new source of inexpensive and useful peptones for laboratory microbiological media and for commercial fermentations.
Microarray-Based Phospho-Proteomic Profiling of Complex Biological Systems

Protein microarray technology has been successfully used for identifying substrates of purified activated kinases. We used protein microarrays to globally interrogate the effects of PTEN and Akt activity on the phospho-kinome of in vitro and in vivo glioma models and validated results in clinical pathological specimens. Whole cell lysates extracted from tumor samples can be applied to human kinome chip microarrays to profile the global kinase phosphorylation patterns in a high-throughput manner and identify novel substrates inherent to the tumor cell and the interactions with tumor microenvironment. Our findings identify a novel microarray-based method for assessing intracellular signaling events applicable to human oncogenesis and other pathophysiologic states.
Simplification for Aseismic Computing Model of Storage Tank

Simplification for aseismic computing model of vertical steel storage tank is expounded in this paper.The storage tank is simplified into three particle system,including slosh particle,liquid-solid coupling particle and rigidity pulse particle.The shaking frequency of liquid is lower than the steel wall's,so the coupling between liquid and steel wall is ignored,therefore the storage tank is on second thoughts simplified into two particle system,including liquid-solid coupling particle and rigidity pulse particle.The storage tank is finally simplified to single particle system by numerical analysis,only liquid-solid coupling particle is considered.Comparing with code method(computing maximum value only),the error is small.Earthquake response of storage tank under any earthquake wave input at anytime can be computed with single particle system,so computational efforts are reduced significantly.
Learning disease relationships from clinical drug trials

Objective Our objective is to test the limits of the assumption that better learning from data in medicine requires more granular data. We hypothesize that clinical trial metadata contains latent scientific, clinical, and regulatory expert knowledge that can be accessed to draw conclusions about the underlying biology of diseases. We seek to demonstrate that this latent information can be uncovered from the whole body of clinical trials. Materials and Methods We extract free-text metadata from 93 654 clinical drug trials and introduce a representation that allows us to compare different trials. We then construct a network of diseases using only the trial metadata. We view each trial as the summation of expert knowledge of biological mechanisms and medical evidence linking a disease to a drug believed to modulate the pathways of that disease. Our network representation allows us to visualize disease relationships based on this underlying information. Results Our disease network shows surprising agreement with another disease network based on genetic data and on the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) taxonomy, yet also contains unique disease similarities. Discussion and Conclusion The agreement of our results with other sources indicates that our premise regarding latent expert knowledge holds. The disease relationships unique to our network may be used to generate hypotheses for future biological and clinical research as well as drug repurposing and design. Our results provide an example of using experimental data on humans to generate biologically useful information and point to a set of new and promising strategies to link clinical outcomes data back to biological research.
Invasive versus noninvasive studies of risk factors and atherosclerosis

Associations of risk factors with atherosclerosis may he assessed by either invasive methods for measuring the arterial disease, such as angiography, or noninvasive methods; these methods differ in their potential for bias. Biases associated with coronary angiography may he difficult to control in statistical analysis, either because they are unrecognized or because they are amenable to neither stratification nor multivariate analysis. Problems in control selection include the likelihood that angiography controls overrepresent related ischemic or noncoronary cardiac conditions with their own risk factor associations
Elimination Diets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Food avoidance and selection are among the most common questions to health care providers from patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Dietary intake may affect gastrointestinal symptoms or inflammation through several potential mechanisms, including alterations in the microbiome, mucosal cytokines, and malabsorption. In this chapter, we review the potential mechanisms of action through which diet affects intestinal inflammation, the dietary components which have been reported to affect intestinal inflammation, and elimination diet interventions to treat CD and UC.
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Exploiting Multi-Beam Antennas

This chapter introduces the concept of multi-beam antenna (MBA) in mobile ad hoc networks and the recent advances in the research relevant to this topic. MBAs have been proposed to achieve concurrent communications with multiple neighboring nodes while they inherit the advantages of directional antennas, such as the high directivity and antenna gain. MBAs can be implemented in the forms of multiple fixed-beam directional antennas (MFBAs) and multi-channel smart antennas (MCSAs). The former either uses multiple predefined beams or selects multiple directional antennas and thus is relatively simple; the latter uses smart antenna techniques to dynamically form multiple adaptive beams and thereby provides more robust communication links to the neighboring nodes. The emphases of this chapter lie in the offerings and implementation techniques of MBAs, random-access scheduling for the contention resolution, effect of multipath propagation, and node throughput evaluation.
Using correlational topic modeling for automated topic identification in intelligent tutoring systems

Student knowledge modeling is an important part of modern personalized learning systems, but typically relies upon valid models of the structure of the content and skill in a domain. These models are often developed through expert tagging of skills to items. However, content creators in crowdsourced personalized learning systems often lack the time (and sometimes the domain knowledge) to tag skills themselves. Fully automated approaches that rely on the covariance of correctness on items can lead to effective skill-item mappings, but the resultant mappings are often difficult to interpret. In this paper we propose an alternate approach to automatically labeling skills in a crowdsourced personalized learning system using correlated topic modeling, a natural language processing approach, to analyze the linguistic content of mathematics problems. We find a range of potentially meaningful and useful topics within the context of the ASSISTments system for mathematics problem-solving.
Communicatively Restricted Organizational Stress (CROS) II: Development and Validation of the CROS-14

ABSTRACTIn this article, we operationalize Communicatively Restricted Organizational Stress (CROS). CROS is a new variable previously conceptualized as a perceived inability to communicate about a particular stressor within an organizational context and operationalized as having two dimensions of prevalence and distress. The present investigation presents data from two studies (total N = 918) aimed at developing and validating a measure of CROS. In Study 1, we generated and tested a series of items intended to tap into the dual dimensions of CROS with currently employed organizational members (n = 373). In Study 2, we collected a second sample (n = 545) and confirmed the factor structure of the measure identified in Study 1. We present evidence of reliability, content validity, and construct validity. The final result is a two-dimensional measure of CROS we call the CROS-14. Our discussion includes information on implementation, scoring, and potential future applications of the CROS-14.
Open source security assessment as a class project

Computer security students benefit from hands-on practice, but it can be difficult to put together a realistic security assessment simulation. This paper describes an assignment assessing the security of a large, complex open source project. Groups of students produced parts of a security assessment that was contributed back to the open source community. The assignment was used in two iterations of a general computer security course and evaluated using surveys taken before (n=48) and after (n=53) the assignment. A control group from another course also took the two surveys (n=17 and n=23). Overall, the assignment was effective: the students gained significant confidence at conducting large-scale security assessments (p<.001) and the student reactions were positive. There was also marginal evidence of positive expectations going into the assignment (p<.190). However, there were some negative aspects to the assignment, including problems with group work (p<.023), interactions with the open source community (p<.119) and development of wrong ideas about the relative importance of engineering tasks (p<.095). The paper discusses strategies for conducting an open source assessment that is valuable and positive for the students.
Sensitivity analysis of the battery model for model predictive control implemented into a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

An effective online PMS is critical for the future electrified vehicles as it has direct impacts on fuel economy, greenhouse gasses (GHG) emission, as well as the durability of power-train components. In this paper, we considered a PMS developed based on the concept of model predictive control (MPC) which formulates the control design as an optimization problem that is solved based on forecasted system behaviors over a limited prediction horizon to obtain the optimal control actions for the current time instant. The main contribution of this paper is that we take a systematic approach to examine the link between model fidelity and controller performance for the case of a hybrid energy storage system in a light-duty hybrid electric vehicle. A sensitivity analysis approach is developed and presented in this paper along with preliminary simulation results to demonstrate the impact of battery model fidelity on the performance of the proposed PMS.
Strategisch pendelen tussen gestolde categorieën en fluïde identiteiten. Dynamische verschillen in de zorg begrijpen en onderzoeken vanuit intersectionaliteit

Abstract Differences in health and illness between men and women appear high on the political and research agenda in Netherlands as well as in the international arena. Gender medicine is an emerging field in which attention is paid to sex and gender in health and healthcare, mostly as homogenous fixed categories of difference in particular sex difference. Such a categorical approach is useful and necessary to answer certain questions in medicine and in health care. The knowledge agenda Gender and Health (ZonMW, 2015) is one example of how categories can be put forward in constructive ways. However, we also urge health researchers to reconsider a single use of fixed categories and a single focus on sex/gender in health research. A multiple, dynamic intersectional approach aims to study intersections of sex and gender with each other and with other dimensions of difference, such as ethnicity or class. Fluid and more complex identities of people and communities and their health must be accounted for as well. An intersectional perspective offers insight in the relationship between health, identities, and society, and helps to gain an insight in health disparities between and within groups. Besides, an intersectional perspective offers insight into the unique experiences and needs of health care users, including those with intersectional invisibility. An elaborated choice for studying categories by identifying which categories are salient to which health care problem must be made. Adding intersectionality to participatory action research (PAR), which both share the basic values social justice and reflexivity, is one way to study group intersections and health(care). Besides, such research shares its basic tenets with gender-specific medicine: empowerment and contextualisation of health problems. Aim of such research is to critically study and transform practices and improve health and health care by forming alliances between stakeholders at different social locations. A participatory action research project exemplifies how we used an intracategorical intersectional approach to increase knowledge on genetic risk and reproductive options for migrant women, many of them married to their (second) cousin. We meander strategically between fixed categories and fluid identities, in which categories are recognised and used while at the same time being deconstructed and crossed-over. Using categories and forming alliances can fuel social change. In order for diversity to be genuinely transformative, joint critical reflections of all stakeholders on daily processes of normalisation and on dominant norms about gender and other dimensions of diversity can make a difference in health and care.
THE DEFINING DOZEN: UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS PRECONCEIVED VIEWS OF MARKETING

Prior to taking the principles of marketing course, undergraduate students were surveyed to determine their perceptions of marketing. Twelve categories emerged from the content analysis, suggesting...
Operations Research Applications in Home Healthcare

The home health care industry is an important component of health care systems that have the potential to lower the system-wide costs of delivering care, and free capacity in overcrowded acute care settings such as hospitals. Demand is doubling, but resources are scarce. A nursing shortage and near-zero profit margins hinder the ability of home care agencies to meet the increasing patient demand. The effective utilization of resources is vital to the continued availability of home care services. There is tremendous opportunity for the operations research community to address the challenges faced by home care agencies to improve their ability to meet as much patient demand as possible. This chapter describes tactical and operational planning problems arising in home health care, and discusses alternative configurations of home health supply chains. Formulations for home health nurse districting, home health nurse routing and scheduling, and home health supply chain problems are presented, and the relevant literature is reviewed. Recent developments in remote monitoring technologies that could change the home health care landscape are discussed, and future research directions are proposed.
Abstract 18009: Chronic Spinal Cord Stimulation Preserves Cardiac Sympathetic Responses and Normalizes Noradrenergic Gene Expression in Stellate Ganglion in a Canine Heart Failure Model

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to adverse remodeling of the heart and cardiac neuronal hierarchy, both contributing to the development of heart failure (HF). Our previous work demonstrated that thoracic spinal cord stimulation (SCS) improved parasympathetic efferent function and survival in a canine model of HF induced by MI and mitral regurgitation (MR). The objective of this study was to determine whether SCS also had beneficial effects on the sympathetic element of the cardiac neuronal hierarchy. Methods: A HF model was created in 15 canines by performing sequential surgeries to generate MI and then MR. SCS electrodes and generators were implanted during the first surgery. Seven of the MI/MR animals received SCS (T1-T5; 20 Hz, 200 μsec, 90% of motor threshold) starting one week after MR induction. Generators were not activated in the sham SCS group (n=8). Canines were anesthetized for terminal experiments to record cardiac responses to stellate ganglion stimulation and then to collect the stellate ganglia for RNA analysis by Q-PCR. Results: MI/MR blunted the chronotropic and inotropic responses to stimulation of the right or left stellate ganglia. Treatment with reactive SCS significantly improved functional responses to right or left stellate stimulation. For example, right stellate stimulation evoked the following percent changes in sham SCS vs SCS: Cardiac output, 20.6±3.8 vs 66.2±9.2; LV +dp/dt, 38.3±10.2 vs 112.8±13.1; and LV -dp/dt, 13.8±8.3 vs 72.6±12.1 (P Conclusion: Chronic MI/MR results in impaired functional sympathetic control of cardiac function and corresponding molecular changes in the stellate ganglion reflective of excessive and adverse sympathetic activation. Therapeutic SCS ameliorates adverse changes in sympathetic function and gene expression in canines with MI/MR.
Minimizing Context Dependency of Gene Networks Using Artificial Cells

The functioning of synthetic gene circuits depends on their local chemical context defined by the types and concentrations of biomolecules in the surrounding milieu that influences gene transcription and translation. This chemical-context dependence of synthetic gene circuits arises from significant yet unknown cross talk between engineered components, host cells, and environmental factors and has been a persistent challenge for synthetic biology. Here, we show that the sensitivity of synthetic gene networks to their extracellular chemical contexts can be minimized, and their designed functions rendered robust using artificial cells, which are synthetic biomolecular compartments engineered from the bottom-up using liposomes that encapsulate the gene networks. Our artificial cells detect, interact with, and kill bacteria in simulated external environments with different chemical complexity. Our work enables the engineering of synthetic gene networks with minimal dependency on their extracellular chemical c...
Continuous wave vs pulsed wave laser emission in selective laser melting of AlSi10Mg parts with industrial optimized process parameters: Microstructure and mechanical behaviour

Abstract Currently, selective laser melting (SLM) is among the most widespread of the additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. Commercially available SLM systems can offer both continuous wave (CW) and pulsed wave (PW) emissions of the laser power. It has been demonstrated that relative density and geometric features can be affected by the laser emission parameters, but their effects on the material properties have not yet been investigated. In this study, specimens were produced from the same AlSi10Mg powder using two commercially available SLM machines operating with CW and PW emissions. Optimal process conditions were used, as indicated by the SLM suppliers. This choice was made to provide the most effective comparison between the material performances obtained using different industrial SLM systems. The specimen microstructures were investigated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with electron backscatter diffraction analysis. Moreover, thermal analysis, microhardness measurements, and compression tests were performed to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties. It was revealed that a slightly finer microstructure was obtained using the PW laser, while the increased thermal load during CW laser melting resulted in larger liquid pools, enhanced phase modifications, and better mechanical properties.
Combined Thermoelastic and Photoelastic Full-Field Stress Measurement

Accurate determination of stress distributions is essential in assessing the structural integrity of a component. Photoelasticity and thermoelasticity are full field nondestructive methods used to measure the stress state of an object.
Mediation of sarcoplasmic reticulum disruption in the ischemic myocardium: proposed mechanism by the interaction of hydrogen ions and oxygen free radicals.

Acute myocardial ischemia results in a decrease in developed tension and an increase in resting tension. A breakdown of the excitation-contraction coupling system can explain the behavior of the ischemic muscle at a subcellular level. We have identified a specific defect in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) from the ischemic myocardium; i.e., the uncoupling of calcium transport from ATP hydrolysis. The mediators of this excitation-contraction uncoupling process have not been identified. It is now established that the intracellular pH of the ischemic myocardium is in the range of 6.4 but the role of protons and potential role of free radicals have not been identified. We have hypothesized that protons and free radicals may interact to produce the excitation-contraction uncoupling of the ischemic myocardium. Cardiac SR was isolated from the wall of canine left ventricle and calcium uptake velocity and Ca2+ stimulated-Mg2+ dependent ATPase activity determined. Increasing proton concentration between pH 7.0 and 6.4 significantly reduced calcium uptake rates (pH 7.0 = 0.95 ± 0.02; 6.4 = 0.50 ± 0.02 µmoles Ca2+/ mg-min; p<0.01) with no effect on ATPase activity. Calculated coupling ratios (µmoles Ca2+ /µmoles Pi) decreased from 0.87 ± 0.06 at pH 7.0 to 0.51 ± 0.05 at pH 6.4. At pH 7.0, the generation of exogenous free radicals from the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system significantly depressed both calcium uptake rates (Control = 0.95 ± 0.02; X+XO = 0.15 ± 0.02) and ATPase activity (Control = 1.05 ± 0.02; X+XO + 0.30 ± 0.01 ymoles Pi/mg-min; p<0.01). The decreases in calcium uptake and in ATPase activity were completely reversible with superoxide dismutase (SOD). At pH 6.4 in the presence of xanthine and xanthine oxidase, there is a further depression of calcium uptake rates (Control = 0.50 + 0.02; X+XO = 0.11 ± 0.01; p<0.05) but there is no SOD reversible component. The addition of SOD + 20mM mannitol normalized calcium transport at pH6.4. The calculated coupling ratio at pH 6.4 in the presence of free radicals was 0.13. In contrast sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from ischemic myocardium demonstrated a significant depression of calcium uptake rates at pH 7.1 which was further accentuated at pH 6.4. Ca2+-ATPase was significantly depressed at pH 7.1 but there was no accentuation at pH 6.4. It is concluded that no single species of free radical can explain the intarcellular excitation-contraction uncoupling of the ischemic myocardium. The system can be explained by the interaction of hydrogen ions and superoxide anions producing both injury to the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the formation of lipid free radicals with hydroxyl-like activity.
Increasing rural nurses’ awareness of a statewide health information resource: an educational outreach initiative

Background: HEALWA is an online library of evidence-based health information resources that are available to Washington state health practitioners. To increase awareness and use of HEALWA among health practitioners in rural areas, the National Network of Libraries of Medicine Pacific Northwest Region and Washington State University Spokane co-funded an outreach librarian position to provide instruction on using HEALWA. Case Presentation: After attempts at frequent in-person workshops failed due to lack of attendance, a one-hour-long webinar targeted at rural nurses was developed to be delivered once a month. These webinars introduced participating health professionals to HEALWA, including how to set up their access and how to navigate the resource. To accommodate the busy schedules and different learning styles of the target audience, the workshops occurred both as monthly webinars and in-person, when available, in addition to an online self-guided tutorial. Continuing education credit was obtained through the Washington State Nurses Association, and a partnership with the Washington State Nursing Commission improved promotion of the webinars. Evaluations for both the webinars and workshops have been largely positive. Conclusions: The webinar series, coupled with in-person workshops and an online tutorial, reached nurses in rural areas of Washington state to increase awareness of HEALWA. To further facilitate access to HEALWA instruction, a recorded version of the live webinar is in development.
Student Threat Assessment as an Alternative to Exclusionary Discipline

Threat assessment has been proposed as a method for schools to respond to student threats of violence that does not rely on exclusionary discipline practices (e.g., suspension, transfer, expulsion,...
Design of Negative Curvature Hollow Core Fiber Based on Reinforcement Learning

In negative curvature hollow core fibers (NCHCFs), light guidance is based on the capillary structure in the cladding. To achieve desirable fiber propagation properties, various designs of the capillary structure have been proposed in literature. However, the design process so far depends more or less on experience. In this article, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL) based method of systematically optimizing the capillary structure to achieve low average confinement loss (CL) for a given operating wavelength range and core radius. We use a recurrent neural network (RNN) to interactively study the properties of different capillary structures. The wavelength averaged CLs of the resulting designs are more than one order of magnitude lower than the lowest average CL of prior designs in literature. The same approach can be applied to search for optimum capillary structures in terms of other fiber propagation properties such as bending loss (BL), higher order modes extinction ratio (HOMER), overlap of the optical mode with the capillary structure, or a trade-off among these properties.
A Culture of Masculinity or Survival? Gendered Perspectives of Violence among Incarcerated Youth

Recent scholarship challenges the notion that the study of men’s and boys’ attitudes toward violence and their participation in violent behavior extends to women and girls. Using data collected fro...