cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Plant extracted essential oils as a contact fungicide seed treatment for organic corn

Planting date for organic corn (Zea mays L.) is delayed to avoid the cold and wet soils of spring. Conventional farmers can use fungicide seed treatments to protect the emerging seedling but few organic fungicides are available. The objective of this research was to determine whether essential oils can be used as a contact fungicide seed treatment for organic corn. Eighteen plant essential oils were screened for their fungicide properties against three common corn pathogens Penicillium, Fusarium, and Pythium. Five oils completely controlled all three pathogens in vitro. These oils were cinnamon, clove, oregano, savory, and thyme. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all pathogens was 800 μL L and there was no phytotoxicity seen in the germination test at rates up to 16 000 μL L (MIC × 20). Field emergence of inbred and hybrid seeds treated with the essential oil were significantly lower than seed treated with the commercial fungicides Maxim XL, which is a conventional fungicide, and Natural 2, which is an organic fungicide, but not different from an organic fungicide Yield Shield or an untreated control.
Effect of Initial Microstructure on High-Temperature Dynamic Deformation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

One of the attractive properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is control of microstructure through heat treatment to vary the mechanical properties. In this study, three different microstructures, Lamellar, Widmanstatten, and Martensitic morphologies, were created through heat treatment at a post-β transus temperature followed by cooling at different rates. With faster cooling rates, the microstructures evolved finer lamellae, smaller colony sizes, and thinner grain boundary layers. High-temperature dynamic compression was conducted on these specimens at a strain rate of 1000 s−1 and temperatures in the range of 23 °C to 1045 °C. Flow stresses decreased linearly with colony size and grain boundary layer thickness, but increased with inverse square root of lamellar thickness. This strong correlation of flow stress to several microstructural feature sizes indicated multiple modes of deformation. All three microstructures showed identical thermal softening. The softening rate was intensified at elevated temperatures due to hcp → bcc allotropic phase transformation. Gangireddy modification to Johnson–Cook model could account for this augmented softening and the modified J–C model predicted the three microstructures to follow a similar thermal softening coefficient m = 0.8. The kinetics of phase transformation appear to be very rapid irrespective of the microstructural differences in the Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Comparison of Frequency of Late Gastrointestinal Bleeding With Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement.

Improvements in technology and operator experience have led to exponential growth of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) programs. Late bleeding complications were recently highlighted after TAVI with a high impact on morbidity. The purpose of the present study was to assess the incidence and financial impact of late Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding after TAVI, and compare with the surgical cohort. Retrospective analysis of the National Readmissions Database was performed from January 2011 to December 2014, and patients who underwent TAVI or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) were identified. Incidence of readmission with a diagnosis of GI bleeding was utilized as the primary end point. Overall, 43,357 patients were identified who underwent TAVI, whereas 310,013 patients underwent SAVR. Compared with SAVR, TAVI patients were older (81 vs 68y, p
Water Purification: Treatment of Microbial Contamination

Abstract Microbial contamination poses a substantial threat of human morbidity and mortality through drinking water, partly as a very diverse assemblage of microbes can contaminate drinking water. Methods to purify drinking water encompass many approaches, from relatively simple (boiling water) to technologically sophisticated (membrane filtration systems) and from very widely used techniques (chlorination) to experimental scale methods (sonication). Point-of-use decontamination methods are more diverse, but limited in their application in comparison with the needs for residual decontamination capability required by larger water treatment and distribution systems.
Abstract WP60: Later Imaging More Accurately Captures Infarct Growth in DEFUSE 3

Background: DEFUSE 3 assessed thrombectomy in patients with evidence of salvageable tissue on brain imaging in the 6 to 16 hour treatment window. Despite substantially better functional outcomes as...
Jonasian Ontological Responsibility

Foreseeing a technologically produced disaster on the horizon, Hans Jonas proposes an ethics of care. Caring consists in accepting and then discharging one overarching responsibility—to act to ensure that the world does not become uninhabitable for human beings and other organisms. Why do we have such a responsibility? How did we get to this point of crisis? How far can we go in sacrificing current human interests to secure future human welfare? Is this Jonasian approach too individualistic to deal with current and future challenges? Is Jonasian caring really a form of responsibility, or have we again substituted accountability for responsibility?
Remodeling of Substance P Sensory Nerves and Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Cold Receptors After Corneal Experimental Surgery.

Purpose To investigate changes in corneal nerves positive to substance P (SP) and transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and gene expression in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) following corneal surgery to unveil peripheral nerve mechanism of induced dry eye-like pain (DELP). Methods Surgery was performed on mice by removing the central epithelial and anterior stromal nerves. Mice were euthanized at different times up to 15 weeks. Immunostaining was performed with TRPM8, SP, or protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) antibodies, and epithelial nerve densities were calculated. The origin of TRPM8- and SP-TG neurons were analyzed by retrograde tracing. Gene expression in TG was studied by real-time PCR analysis. Results SP-positive epithelial corneal nerves were more abundant than TRPM8 and were expressed in different TG neurons. After injury, epithelial nerve regeneration occurs in two distinct stages. An early regeneration of the remaining epithelial bundles reached the highest density on day 3 and then rapidly degraded. From day 5, the epithelial nerves originated from the underlying stromal nerves were still lower than normal levels by week 15. The SP- and TRPM8-positive nerve fibers followed the same pattern as the total nerves. TRPM8-positive terminals increased slowly and reached only half of normal values by 3 months. Corneal sensitivity gradually increased and reached normal values on day 12. Corneal injury also induced significant changes in TG gene expression, decreasing trpm8 and tac1 genes. Conclusions Abnormal SP expression, low amounts of TRPM8 terminals, and hypersensitive nerve response occur long after the injury and changes in gene expression in the TG suggest a contribution to the pathogenesis of corneal surgery-induced DELP.
Acetabular and Femoral Neck Fracture Nonunion and Malunion

Nonunion and malunion are uncommon complications following femoral neck fracture and even more rarely reported after a fracture of the acetabulum. These complications can be difficult to diagnose but can be successfully treated with a large number of patients experiencing good to excellent outcomes. Algorithmic approaches for each are included including the conversion to total hip arthroplasty after unsuccessful open reduction internal fixation of an acetabular fracture.
Modeling Turbulent Exchange in Forest Canopies

A review of the problems associated with modeling the interaction between the atmosphere and a forest is given. Emphasis is placed on the need for ensemble averaging as well as temporal and spatial averaging. Specific recommendations are given for models of the mass, momentum, and energy interaction resistances. It is argued that experimental measurements should be averaged over time periods which are long in comparison to the product of the canopy height times the canopy resistance.
Describing Complex Structure-Function Relationships in Biomolecules at Equilibrium.

Abstract One of the great ambitions of structural biology is to describe structure-function relationships quantitatively. Statistical thermodynamics is a powerful, general tool for computing the behavior of biological macromolecules at equilibrium because it establishes a direct link between structure and function. Complex behavior emerges as equilibria of multiple reactions are coupled. Analytical treatment of linked equilibria scales poorly with increasing numbers of reactions and states as the algebraic constructs rapidly become unwieldy. We therefore developed a generalizable, but straightforward computational method to handle arbitrarily complex systems. To demonstrate this approach, we collected a multidimensional fluorescence landscape of an engineered fluorescent glucose biosensor and showed that its features could be modeled with ten intricately linked ligand-binding and conformational exchange reactions. This protein represents a minimalist model of sufficient complexity to encompass fundamental biomolecular structure-function relationships: two-state and multistate conformational ensembles, conformational hierarchies, osmolytes, coupling between different binding sites and coupling between ligand binding and conformational change. The successful fit of this complex, multifaceted system demonstrates generality of the method.
McCarthyism, Christianity, and the Mafia: Elia Kazan’s On the Waterfront Reconsidered

Whether one sees it, finally, as a moral tale, a semi-documentary crime melodrama, a social-problem picture, a boxing film manque, a Christian allegory, a political allegory, or a revenge fantasy, On the Waterfront has found its way into the ranks of cinema classics—where it remains, over sixty years after its initial release. This essay reconsiders the following elements in On the Waterfront: its historical context and political overtones in the McCarthyite America of the early 1950s; the movie’s thoroughgoing Christian symbolism; and the role of organized crime both inside and outside the film’s drama. In the process, the author “names names” and investigates their role in bringing this important work to fruition: Elia Kazan, Arthur Miller, Budd Schulberg, Malcolm Johnson, and Marlon Brando.
CRT-101.02 PCI Provides Costly Mortality Reductions for Colon Cancer Patients: Propensity Score and Machine Learning Supported Nationally Representative Case-Control Study of 30+ Million Hospitalizations

There are no nationally representative studies of mortality and cost effectiveness for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and colon cancer despite the growing prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and this cancer. Propensity score-matched analysis and backward propagation neural network
Is venture capital socially responsible? Exploring the imprinting effect of VC funding on CSR practices

Abstract We study how corporate social responsibility (CSR) is guided by ownership history, specifically whether a company receives venture capital (VC) funding or not. We argue that companies that receive VC funding are less likely to adopt CSR practices due to unique VC imprinting and that temporal and investment orientation moderate this relationship. We find that VC-backed companies have poorer CSR records, which do improve over time, but at a comparatively slower rate than non-VC-backed companies. However, when VC-backed companies receive funding from VC firms that have a responsible investment orientation and a broader stakeholder view, their CSR records are significantly better. This study contributes to our understanding of imprinting boundaries and related repercussions in stakeholder management strategies.
Mechanistic insights into the acetate-accelerated synthesis of crystalline ceria nanoparticles

Recent increasing uses of ceria in research and industrial applications have fostered continuing developments of efficient routes to synthesize the material. Here we report our investigation of the effects and the mechanistic roles of lithium acetate to accelerate the growth of crystalline ceria nanoparticles in ozone-mediated synthesis. By increasing the mole ratio of the acetate to cerium nitrate in the reactions, the reaction yields of ceria nanoparticles were observed to increase from ca. 10% to up to over 90% by cerium content in 30 min reactions. Microscopy images and Raman spectra of the as-synthesized nanoparticles revealed that increasing the acetate additions led to a decrease in average particle size and size range but an increase in crystallinity. Through analyzing the organic by-products in the reaction mixtures, the acetate was inferred to base-catalyze the formation of acetals and cerium complexes and accelerate the formation of Ce–O–Ce bonds and hence the growth of ceria nanoparticles through alcohol-like condensation reactions.
Channel-wise Hessian Aware trace-Weighted Quantization of Neural Networks

Second-order information has proven to be very effective in determining the redundancy of neural network weights and activations. Recent paper proposes to use Hessian traces of weights and activations for mixed-precision quantization and achieves state-of-the-art results. However, prior works only focus on selecting bits for each layer while the redundancy of different channels within a layer also differ a lot. This is mainly because the complexity of determining bits for each channel is too high for original methods. Here, we introduce Channel-wise Hessian Aware trace-Weighted Quantization (CW-HAWQ). CW-HAWQ uses Hessian trace to determine the relative sensitivity order of different channels of activations and weights. What's more, CW-HAWQ proposes to use deep Reinforcement learning (DRL) Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG)-based agent to find the optimal ratios of different quantization bits and assign bits to channels according to the Hessian trace order. The number of states in CW-HAWQ is much smaller compared with traditional AutoML based mix-precision methods since we only need to search ratios for the quantization bits. Compare CW-HAWQ with state-of-the-art shows that we can achieve better results for multiple networks.
Portable Smart-Space Research Interface to Predetermine Environment Acoustics for Cochlear implant and Hearing aid users with CCi-MOBILE

Internet of things (IoT) in healthcare, has effi-ciently accelerated medical monitoring and assessment through the real-time analysis of collected data. Hence, to support the hearing-impaired community with better calibrations to their clinical processors and hearing aids, a portable smart space interface - AURIS has been developed by the Cochlear Implant Processing Lab (CILab) at UT-Dallas. The proposed Auris interface periodically samples the acoustic space, and through a learn vs test phase, builds a Gaussian mixture model for each specific environmental locations. An effective connection is established by the Auris interface with the CRSS CCi-Mobile research platform through an android app to fine tune the con-figuration settings for cochlear implant (CI) or hearing aid (HA) users entering the room/location. Baseline objective evaluations have been performed in diverse naturalistic locations using 12 hours of audio data. The performance metrics is determined by a verified wireless communication, along with estimated acoustic environment knowledge and room classification at greater than 90% accuracy.
Populismos del norte y del sur: incorporación vs. defensa social

espanolEn gran parte de Europa Occidental y Central, partidos politicos caracterizados como “populistas” son, o estan pasando a ser, competidores principales por el poder. Ante esta situacion el articulo pretende, por un lado, proponer una tipologia de regimenes o programas institucionales populistas, con enfasis en las propiedades comunes de los distintos tipos. Por otro lado, discutir sus contextos generativos y plantear dos proposiciones: i) que es muy probable que la configuracion de factores conducentes al populismo se convierta en estable en el Norte y sigan siendo recurrente en el Sur; y ii) que la probabilidad de institucionalizacion mas o menos permanente de estos regimenes sea mayor en el Sur que en el Norte, por la robustez diferencial de las instituciones politicas republicanas. En definitiva, tanto el capitalismo como las instituciones politicas democraticas estaran sujetos a fortisimas presiones, dando como resultado que, junto con formas novedosas de economia abierta de mercado y de democracia republicana, se institucionalicen en muchos paises variedades del capitalismo de estado y el autoritarismo electivo. Si esta hipotesis es correcta, los regimenes populistas seran, por lo tanto, solo transicionales. francaisIn a large parte of Western and Central Europe, political parties characterized as «populists» are, or are becoming, major competitors for government power. Given this situation, the article intends, on the one hand, to propose a typology of populist institutional regimes or programs, with emphasis on the common properties of the different types. On the other hand, discuss their generative contexts, and propose two propositions: i) that it is very likely that the configuration of factors conducive to populism will become stable in the North and remain recurrent in the South; and, ii) that the probability of more or less permanent institutionalization of these regimes is greater in the South than in the North, due to the differential robustness of the republican political institutions. Ultimately, both capitalism and democratic political institutions will suffer of strong pressures. As a result, together with innovative forms of open market economy and republican democracy, new kinds of state capitalism and elective authoritarianism will be instituzionalized in many countries. If this hypothesis is correct, populist regimes will therefore be only transitional.
Willingness to Pay for Status Signals in Online Luxury Markets

We study consumers’ valuation of status signals by estimating consumers’ willingness to pay for a luxury item with a quiet vs. a prominent logo. We collected data from two online markets on sales of two luxury handbags that differ only in the prominence of their logo. We use these data to estimate the premium in consumers’ willingness to pay for the handbag with the quiet logo, as well as to test hypotheses as to how the condition of the handbag and the sales mode affects that premium. We find consumers are willing to pay a sizeable premium of $151-$189, or 15-20% of the retail price, for the quiet handbags as compared to the loud handbags. This price premium decreases as a handbag’s condition worsens, but is larger for quiet handbags purchased at a fixed price rather than at auction. Our findings provide empirical support for research suggesting that an elite set of consumers, i.e., consumers with more social capital or social connectedness, are willing to pay a premium for quiet luxury goods.
Association of Neighborhood Characteristics and Travel Patterns With Fatal Drug Overdoses.

This cross-sectional study examines the travel patterns from home residences to locations of fatal drug overdoses in Cook County, Illinois, from August 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018.
The Effects of Handwriting Experience on Literacy Learning

Previous research indicates that writing practice may be more beneficial than nonmotor practice for letter learning. Here, we report a training study comparing typing, visual, and writing learning conditions in adults (N = 42). We investigated the behavioral consequences of learning modality on literacy learning and evaluated the nature of the learned letter representations. Specifically, the study addressed three questions. First, are the benefits of handwriting practice due to motor learning per se or to other incidental factors? Second, do the benefits generalize to untrained tasks? And third, does handwriting practice lead to learning and strengthening only of motor representations or of other types of representations as well? Our results clearly show that handwriting compared with nonmotor practice produces faster learning and greater generalization to untrained tasks than previously reported. Furthermore, only handwriting practice leads to learning of both motor and amodal symbolic letter representations.
Luxury housing and gentrification in New York City, 2010-2019

In recent years, New York City has experienced a boom in high end “luxury” construction. This paper maps the spatial expansion of the luxury housing market, using a GIS analysis of over 50,000 high...
Clinical characteristics, hospitalisation and mortality rates of COVID-19 among patients with coeliac disease in the USA: a multicentre network study.

We read with interest the work by Belli et al 1 regarding outcomes of COVID-19 in liver transplant candidates. The authors concluded that liver transplant candidates were at risk of early death, especially those with decompensated cirrhosis and model for end-stage liver disease score≥15. Similarly, patients with coeliac disease (CD) are a population of interest in regards to clinical outcomes after a diagnosis of COVID-19. Although the evidence of an impact of other chronic disorders on the outcome of COVID-19 is emerging, the consequences of COVID-19 infection in individuals with CD remain uncertain.2–4 We sought to define the rates of hospitalisation, mortality, thrombosis or intensive care unit (ICU) requirement in individuals with CD and COVID-19. We used a large healthcare research network (TriNetX) to compile the electronic medical records of adult patients (age ≥18 years) with CD and confirmed COVID-19 infection (CD cohort) from 51 healthcare organisations in the USA, between 1 January 2020 and 7 July 2021. Within this same time period, we also identified COVID-19 positive patients with no history of CD (non-CD cohort). The definition of …
Immunosuppression in allogeneic murine tumour system. A model for the study of antilymphocyte serum.

Abstract In Swiss mice, previously immunised with sarcoma 180, a second implant of the same tumour failed to establish itself. Treatment of such animals, during the period of immunisation, with rabbit antisera to mouse thymus, spleen (A.L.S.), and brain suppressed the development of immunity and permitted growth of the second tumour implant. The growth of the tumour, expressed as a tumour index (the average tumour weight multiplied by the proportion of mice with tumour take) was related to the immunosuppresive activity of a specific preparation of A.L.S. This experi- mental model offers many advantages in a study of the properties, purification, and mode of action of A.L.S.
Homogeneous Models of the Wind-Driven Oceanic Circulation

From ancient times descriptions of the movement of the sea have emphasized both change and continuity. Sudden, violent change and hypnotic steadiness are the dramatic elements of many a sea story. With the advent of the great age of navigation and exploration a more systematic description of the general pattern of the oceanic circulation began to emerge. It is clear now that a time-averaged circulation pattern exists in all oceans, although its observations may be significantly distorted by the presence of energetic fluctuations.
THE PEDIATRIC NURSE PRACTITIONER IN THE OFFICE OF PEDIATRICIANS IN PRIVATE PRACTICE

The experience of a two-man pediatric practice with a pediatric nurse practitioner indicates that this is an economically sound means of partially relieving the immediate manpower shortage and of improving medical care to children. The pediatric nurse practitioner provides skill and competent services to patients and their parents which is well accepted by them. Having the pediatric nurse practitioner in the office is an economic asset. She is a valuable associate in managing a variety of day-to-day problems. Her presence has resulted in an increase in the number of patients seen and an overall improvement of services provided.
PALATAL GROOVE |[lpar]|PG|[rpar]| FORMATION IN THE OROTRACHEAL INTUBATED INFANT |[lpar]|I|[rpar]|

Use of orotracheal intubation (OI) in I has been associated with PG formation, acquired cleft palate and defective dentition. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of PG formation in I requiring OI for 1 to 62 days.
Managing the knowledge supply chain: an organizational learning model of information technology offshore outsourcing

In this paper, we present an economic learning model that helps to formalize the complex relationships among an offshoring firm's knowledge levels, production costs, and coordination costs. Specifically, we model a domestic firm's use of a selective offshore strategy (i.e., offshoring only a portion of its information technology activities) to exploit, through IT investments or contractual provisions, the foreign vendor's large, scale-driven repository of production knowledge. We illustrate the conditions under which knowledge transfers during offshoring may reduce a domestic firm's in-house production costs, leading to total cost savings in both the short term and the long term. Alternatively, when knowledge transfers are not sufficiently large, some short-lived offshoring projects may generate substantial cost savings to the domestic firm; however, long-lived offshoring projects may cause a disruption in the knowledge supply chain, resulting in substantial losses in the later stages of the project. A firm that fails to realize the costs associated with such a disruption soon enough in the project life may find itself locked into a disadvantageous offshoring agreement without any recourse. However, a domestic firm may be able to overcome a disruption in its knowledge supply chain by exploiting the learning-by-doing production knowledge generated by the foreign vendor's economies of scale. The managerial implications derived from our learning model may help guide firms as they consider the impacts of offshore contracts and knowledge management investments on firm knowledge, production costs, and coordination costs.
Internal or external knowledge: Which is more important for the performance of national laboratories in technology latecomer countries?

The national laboratories in countries that are latecomers to advanced technological development are considered a significant source of scientific knowledge and technology for local industries that the national government deems strategic and for developing the country's infrastructure. This knowledge comes from both inside and outside the national laboratories. We investigate the relative impact of internal and external sources of knowledge on the performance of the national laboratories of a rapidly developing country, whose stated missions are 1) satisfying the needs of targeted local technology users; 2) commercialization of technology; and 3) developing a long-term RD electronics and computers; materials and nano-materials. Our study finds that, regardless of mission, knowledge from external sources impacts performance more significantly than internal knowledge does. The impact on performance is greatest when knowledge from internal and external sources is used in conjunction. We consequently make the case for an open innovation policy for the national laboratories in technology latecomer countries and for implementing practices that enhance the capacity to absorb knowledge that flows into the national laboratories from external sources.
A Physics-Based Analytical Model for Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskites are promising next-generation absorber materials for low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells. Although perovskite cells are configured similar to the classical solar cells, their operation is unique and requires development of a new physical model for characterization, optimization of the cells, and prediction of the panel performance. In this paper, we develop such a physics-based analytical model to describe the operation of different types of perovskite solar cells, explicitly accounting for nonuniform generation, carrier selective transport layers, and voltage-dependent carrier collection. The model would allow experimentalists to characterize key parameters of existing cells, understand performance bottlenecks, and predict performance of perovskite-based solar panel—the obvious next step to the evolution of perovskite solar cell technology.
A Select Bibliography of Music History Pedagogy Since 2000

A bibliography of recently published works related to music history pedagogy. It includes a small number of articles on writing assignments in music history classes and pedagogy articles in related fields, but generally omits articles on information literacy and analysis. The bibliography concludes with a list of papers given at the 2009 Music History Teaching Day.
Genetic Algorithm Classifier System for Semi-Supervised Learning

Real-world datasets often contain large numbers of unlabeled data points, because there is additional cost for obtaining the labels. Semi-supervised learning SSL algorithms use both labeled and unlabeled data points for training that can result in higher classification accuracy on these datasets. Generally, traditional SSLs tentatively label the unlabeled data points on the basis of the smoothness assumption that neighboring points should have the same label. When this assumption is violated, unlabeled points are mislabeled injecting noise into the final classifier. An alternative SSL approach is cluster-then-label CTL, which partitions all the data points labeled and unlabeled into clusters and creates a classifier by using those clusters. CTL is based on the less restrictive cluster assumption that data points in the same cluster should have the same label. As shown, this allows CTLs to achieve higher classification accuracy on many datasets where the cluster assumption holds for the CTLs, but smoothness does not hold for the traditional SSLs. However, cluster configuration problems e.g., irrelevant features, insufficient clusters, and incorrectly shaped clusters could violate the cluster assumption. We propose a new framework for CTLs by using a genetic algorithm GA to evolve classifiers without the cluster configuration problems e.g., the GA removes irrelevant attributes, updates number of clusters, and changes the shape of the clusters. We demonstrate that a CTL based on this framework achieves comparable or higher accuracy with both traditional SSLs and CTLs on 12 University of California, Irvine machine learning datasets.
Nesting success and habitat relationships of Burrowing Owls in the Columbia Basin, Oregon

Etude de la reproduction chez Athene cunicularia et plus particulierement du succes de la couvaison en fonction du site de nidification. De plus, les influences de la disponibilite en nourriture et de la pression de predation sont examinees
Molecular pathways executing the "trophic sentinel" response in HPV-16 E7-expressing normal human diploid fibroblasts upon growth factor deprivation

In response to oncogenic insults, normal human cells execute a defense response that culminates in cellular suicide, apoptosis. Normal human diploid fibroblasts expressing the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) E7 oncoprotein are predisposed to apoptosis when they are deprived of growth factors. Even though a dominant negative p53 mutant abrogates the cell death response, it is not accompanied by p53 phosphorylation, the DNA binding capacity of p53 remains unaltered, and no activation of common p53-dependent transcriptional targets is observed. Expression of two insulin-like growth factor-1 binding proteins, IGFBP-2 and -5, is increased presumably in response to enhanced NF-κB activity in HPV-16 E7-expressing serum-starved cells. Phosphorylation of AKT, an important modulator of IGF-1 survival signaling, is lower in serum-starved E7-expressing cells, and exogenously added IGF-1 can partially inhibit the cell death response. This suggests that IGFBP-2 and -5 may limit IGF-1 availability thus decreasing survival signaling. Caspase 3 but not caspase 8 is activated in serum-starved HPV-16 E7-expressing cells. Caspase inhibition affects nuclear DNA fragmentation, but cell death is not inhibited. Although mitochondria play important roles in caspase-dependent as well as -independent forms of cell death, there is no evidence for cytochrome c release and thus for mitochondrial permeabilization in growth factor deprived HPV-16 E7-expressing cells.
Milking frequency as related to udder health and milk production.

Abstract Twenty-four cows each in two trials were paired on age, stage of lactation, and projected milk production to compare the incidence of mastitis with milking two or three times per day over 12 wk. Teats of all cows were dipped daily in a suspension of Streptococcus agalactiae (one of two strains). Average daily milk production for the combined trials was 24.0kg for the thrice daily group and 22.0kg for the twice daily group. Quarter foremilk samples were taken every 2 wk for somatic cell counts and bacterial isolations. Somatic cell counts of cows milked twice per day averaged 31×10 3 per milliliter compared to 26×10 3 for three milkings. There were no significant differences in numbers of new bacterial infections between groups. Cows milked twice per day had 41 new infections and 7 clinical infections and the three-time group had 39 new infections and 2 clinical infections. The many corynebacteria infections were related to the experimental design in which no disinfectant teat dip was used. Three milkings per day did not affect udder health.
Simplified water loading test in hypoadrenocorticism and hypothyroidism.

Soffer and Gabrilove introduced a simplified water loading test in 1952 to aid in the diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency. The present data confirm these findings in 33 patients with primary (Addisonian) or secondary (hypopituitary) hypoadrenocorticism. Thirteen of the 18 patients with hypopituitarism had unequivocal hypothyroidism. After water loading, all patients tested had impaired diuretic responses which showed substantial improvement when the tests were repeated after administration of cortisone. In contrast, the 9 patients with primary hypothyroidism responded normally to water loading. Hypothyroidism associated with an impaired water tolerance which improves distinctly during administration of cortisone, is probably secondary to pituitary failure. Hypothyroidism associated with normal water tolerance is suggestive of primary thyroidal dysfunction.
Preliminary Report on the Development and Validation of the Sexual Symptom Assessment Scale

In order to measure the severity of symptoms of Compulsive Sexual Behavior (CSB) the Sexual Symptom Assessment Scale (S-SAS) was developed. The S-SAS is a 12-item, self-rated scale, with each item scored 0–8; higher scores indicate more severe symptoms. [symptomatology-the study of symptoms] The S-SAS was found to have good test-retest reliability. It also demonstrated good convergent and divergent validity in that it showed a strong correlation with the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Inventory, a measure of the CSB traits, and with clinician ratings of CSB symptoms. In contrast, the S-SAS did not display a significant correlation with ratings of overall psychopathology.
Late Cretaceous chrysomonad cysts

Abstract An abundant and diverse chrysomonad-cyst flora is present in the Marca Shale Member of the Moreno Formation of California. Associated with the siliceous cysts are diatoms, silicoflagellates, radiolarians, and, rarely, Foraminifera. Five preliminary biostratigraphic zones, based on variations in the kinds and quantities of cysts present, are recognized. Two new cyst-species, Archaeomonas microspinosa and Archaeomonas saturnoides , are described. The top sixty feet of the Marca Shale and the lower portion of the overlying Dos Palos Shale (Late Cretaceous-Paleocene) have yielded no siliceous microfossils, suggesting that siliceous microplankton productivity was a greatly reduced as that of the calcareous nannoplankton at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.
Relationships between bacterial resistance to serum and penicillin.

SummarySubstrains isolated on the basis of colonial morphology from antigenically homogeneous cultures of Sh. dysenteriae and E. coli displayed stable genetic differences in resistance to the bactericidal effects of normal human serum. This serum resistance was inversely correlated with penicillin resistance: with increased resistance to the antibiotic there was an increased susceptibility to serum. Mechanisms that may be responsible for this relationship, and their bearing on certain problems of in vivo penicillin resistance, have been discussed.
Blood Stream Infection Is Frequent during Conditioning but Does Not Impact Allogeneic Transplant Outcomes in the Modern Era

s / Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 21 (2015) S266eS321 S268 Konstantinou, Despina Mallouri, Ioannis Batsis, Achilles Anagnostopoulos. Hematology Department and BMT unit, George Papanicolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece Early cytomegalovirus (CMV) re-activation after allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for AML has been correlated with enhanced graft versus leukemia (GvL) effect, thus implying an immunogenetic cross-talk between donor-derived cytotoxic response against both CMV and leukemia. Data on this are conflicting and correlation could not be confirmed for special group populations. In this study we explore whether CMV re-activation favors the outcome in a group of 49 AML patients consecutively allotransplanted between 2008-2012. Forty-nine patients (29 male, 20 female), aged 14-63 years (median 42) underwent allo-HCT with myelo-ablative (42/49) or reduced-intensity conditioning (7/49), receiving graft from an HLA-identical sibling (25/49), matched volunteer (23/49) or haplo-identical (1) donor. Most patients were transplanted in complete remission (CR), 22/49 in CR1 and 11/49 in CR2 and 16/49 patients had refractory disease. Monitoring of CMV viral load was performed weekly for 3 months with real-time PCR or more if patients were treated for GvHD. Upon clinical suspicion, other samples were tested. Overall, 19/49 patients (39%) presented with CMV reactivation {viremia (>1⁄41000 copies/ ml) in 16/49, gastritis in 2/49, cystitis in 1) at a median of 46 days post-transplant (13-402). Leukemia relapse occurred in 7/19 patients with CMV at a median of 189 days (2-512), versus 7/30 CMV-free patients (37% vs 23%, p1⁄4ns). Disease free survival (DFS) was 591 days for CMV patients (95% CI: 417-939) and 609 for CMV-free (95% CI: 474-871, p1⁄4ns). Overall survival (OS) was 746 (95% CI:472-963) and 625 (95% CI:504-899) days, respectively, p1⁄4ns. Only acute and chronic GvHDwere correlated with longer DFS and OS. Sixteen out of 19 CMV (84%) patients presented with increasing/full donor chimerism 30 days after reactivation, due to expansion of donor cytotoxic lymphocytes; however, this did not protect from imminent relapse. No particular clinical correlations could be found even for 14/19 patientswith early (<100 days) CMV reactivation (RR: 28% vs 28% for all other patients, DFS: 714 vs 503 days, OS: 746 vs 625 days, p1⁄4ns for all comparisons). In conclusion, CMV reactivation in AML transplanted patients is not related to graft allo-reactivity. Late relapses in this cohort of AML patients, transplanted often in remission, are not influenced by immunogenetic dynamics at the first semester, when CMV occurs. Regardless CMV re-activation, OS was comparable in all patients, providing evidence on a successful pre-emptive treatment of CMV. Larger prospective studies are strongly warranted in order to explore possible immunogenetic interactions.
Laboratory Investigation on the -Effect of In-Situ Stresses on Hydraulic Fracture Containment

Laboratory experiments have been conducted to determine the effect of in situ stress variations on hydraulic fracture containment. Fractures were initiated in layered rock samples with prescribed stress variations, and fracture growth characteristics were determined as a function of stress levels. Stress contrasts of 2-3 MPa were found to be sufficient to restrict fracture growth in laboratory samples of Nevada tuff and Tennessee and Nugget sandstones. The required stress level was found not to depend on mechanical rock properties. However, permeability and the resultant pore pressure effects were found to be important. Tests conducted at bimaterial interfaces between Nugget and Tennessee sandstone show that the resultant stresses set up near the interface due to the applied overburden stress affect the fracture behavior in the same way as the applied confining stresses. These results provide a guideline for determining the in situ stress contrast necessary to contain a fracture in a field treatment.
The influence of dactinomycin on compensatory renal hypertrophy.

Abstract Compensatory renal hypertrophy in the renoprival kidney of Charles River mice and the effect of dactinomycin on this process were studied. Increases in animal weight, wet kidney weight, total protein, and bulk nucleic acid occurred as early as 12 hr postnephrectomy and continued throughout the 28-day period. Dactinomycin inhibited compensatory renal hypertrophy for 7 days. This effect was transient and after an initial lag, accelerated growth rates were observed. By 28 days growth parameters in the dactinomycin-treated animals equaled those of control animals undergoing compensatory renal hypertrophy.
Limited Transplantation of Antigen-Expressing Hematopoietic Stem Cells Induces Long-Lasting Cytotoxic T Cell Responses

Harnessing the ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to recognize and eradicate tumor or pathogen-infected cells is a critical goal of modern immune-based therapies. Although multiple immunization strategies efficiently induce high levels of antigen-specific CTLs, the initial increase is typically followed by a rapid contraction phase resulting in a sharp decline in the frequency of functional CTLs. We describe a novel approach to immunotherapy based on a transplantation of low numbers of antigen-expressing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) following nonmyeloablative or partially myeloablative conditioning. Continuous antigen presentation by a limited number of differentiated transgenic hematopoietic cells results in an induction and prolonged maintenance of fully functional effector T cell responses in a mouse model. Recipient animals display high levels of antigen-specific CTLs four months following transplantation in contrast to dendritic cell-immunized animals in which the response typically declines at 4–6 weeks post-immunization. Majority of HSC-induced antigen-specific CD8+ T cells display central memory phenotype, efficiently kill target cells in vivo, and protect recipients against tumor growth in a preventive setting. Furthermore, we confirm previously published observation that high level engraftment of antigen-expressing HSCs following myeloablative conditioning results in tolerance and an absence of specific cytotoxic activity in vivo. In conclusion, the data presented here supports potential application of immunization by limited transplantation of antigen-expressing HSCs for the prevention and treatment of cancer and therapeutic immunization of chronic infectious diseases such as HIV-1/AIDS.
Post Superior Vena Cava-Right Pulmonary Artery Shunt; Total Surgical Correction of Ebstein's Anomaly with Starr-Edwards Prosthesis

Total surgical correction of Ebstein's anomaly was successfully done in a patient with a previous Glenn shunt by replacing the rudimentary tricuspid valve with a Starr-Edwards mitral prosthesis and closing the atrial septal defect During the four-year follow-up, the patient has shown marked improvement in exercise tolerance and disappearance of clinical cyanosis and polycythemia. Control of his congestive heart failure and arrhythmias has been easier. This illustrates the feasibility of total correction in patients with Ebstein's anomaly who have had little benefit from a Glenn shunt.
Promoting radical change in the Roman Catholic Church: Rhetorical requirments, problems and strategies of the American Bishops

This essay examines the rhetoric of Roman Catholic bishops in America during and after the Second Vatican Council to determine the rhetorical requirements, problems and strategies of elites who seek to implement radical change within their own institution. When faced with demands for change emanating from above and below, institutional innovators encounter three obstacles to institutional continuity and change: (1) ideological discontinuity, (2) resistance to innovation, and (3) challenges to institutional authority.
Radiography of the hip: lines, signs, and patterns of disease

The complex anatomy of the pelvis and the often subtle but significant radiographic findings can be challenging to the radiologist. A sound understanding of the standard radiographic techniques, normal anatomy, and patterns of disease affecting the pelvis can be helpful in accurate diagnosis. This article will review the common radiographic projections in conventional radiography of the pelvis and hip and will discuss radiographic anatomy, including the various lines used to evaluate the pelvis and hip joint. Specific signs and patterns of disease will be addressed, with the goal of providing a fundamental approach to interpreting hip and pelvis radiographs.
Cooling rate calculations for silicate glasses.

The effects of thermal properties, sample size, and quench medium on cooling rates achieved during quenching are evaluated for a variety of samples with different thermal properties. It is found that, depending on the composition and the property being observed, quench rate may or may not be fast enough to preserve a high-temperature property. If the cooling rate dependence of a property in a given system is unknown, then the cooling rate must be specified so that others may duplicate specific conditions. The effect of cooling rate can be experimentally tested by manipulation of sample size and quench medium. These results should add to understanding of glass-forming phenomena on the moon.
Knowledge of and Attitudes towards Automation among Pilots from one Major Carrier's Fleet

The flight management system (EMS) has been one component of a suite of advanced automated systems which are now standard on most commercial aircraft. While the potential benefit of these systems h...
Norms and behavior

Francesca Cancian. What Are Norms? A Study of Beliefs and Action in a Maya Community. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 1975. x + 212 pp. Tables, diagrams, appendices, references and index. $14.95. Richard A. Thompson. The Winds of Tomorrow: Social Change in a Maya Town. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974. x + 182 pp. Tables, references and index. $12.50
Characterization of projective incidence structures

Abstract : Consider a simple graph whose vertices are s-dimensional subspaces of a d-dimensional vector space V over (GF(q). Two vertices in this graph are adjacent if the corresponding s-dimensional subspaces intersect in an (s-1)-dimensional subspace. This graph will be called an (s,q,d)-projective graph. The Theorem 1 of this paper can be used to obtain a characterization of the (s,q,d)-projective graphs provided d is larger than some function of s and q. Characterization problems of Affine spaces and Polar spaces are also concerned in terms of flats of higher dimensions.
Classical solutions to differential inclusions with totally disconnected right-hand side

Abstract Let F = F ( t , x ) be a bounded, Hausdorff continuous multifunction with compact, totally disconnected values. Given any y 0 ∈ F ( t 0 , x 0 ) , we show that the differential inclusion x ˙ ∈ F ( t , x ) ⊂ R m has a globally defined classical solution, with x ( t 0 ) = x 0 , x ˙ ( t 0 ) = y 0 .