cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Basic Public Health Services at Village Level in Jiangsu Province

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the status quo and influencing factors of basic public health services at village level in rural areas in Jiangsu Province. Methods A cross- sectional survey was conducted in 289 villages in six counties of Jiangsu Province between November and December,2012. Data on 11variables related to the implementation of basic public health services were collected and analyzed. Results The actual population receiving the village- level services was 1. 06 times the number of residents in the surveyed areas. Reform aiming at establishing a responsibility- and performance- dependent salary system had been implemented in 80( 29. 3%) of the 273villages that responded to the survey question related to this issue. Infant health management was implemented in 191( 73. 7%) of the 259 villages that responded to the survey question related to this issue. Follow- up of patients with type 2 diabetes was implemented in 260( 94. 5%) of the responding 275 vilages. Digital archiving of health records was accomplished in 59. 5% of the residents in the areas surveyed. The percentage of of residents whose health records were archived and the number of notice for vaccination distributed were higher in Liyang and Danyang counties,in areas with an actual service population ≥3 850 and in areas with a subsidiary support more than $ 1. 56 per year. The record archiving rate was lower in villages where there was a lack of certified physicians. The number of vaccination notice distributed was higher in villages higher average annual household incomes. The implementation rate of infant health management was higher in villages where salary system reform was implemented. Conclusion Currently,there is a big variation in the extent by which various projects of village- level health services are implemented in different areas in Jiangsu Province. To ensure project subsidiary funds in place,to strengthen primary healthcare team development,and to further implement salary reform should be considered as urgent measures to promote and improve the basic public health services at village levels.
A conclusive methodology for rating OCR performance: Research Articles

One of the most challenging topics in the automatic document rating process is the development of a rating scheme for the image quality of documents. As part of the Department of Energy (DOE) document declassification program, we have developed a generalized rating system to predict the optical character recognition (OCR) accuracy level that is achieved when processing a document. The need for such a system emerged from the declassification of degraded, typewriter-era documents, which is currently a time-consuming manual process. This article presents the statistical analysis of the most influential document quality features affecting OCR accuracy, develops consistent predictive models for four currently used OCR engines, and studies the applicability of different OCR products to the DOE document declassification process. This study is expected to lead to an efficient and completely automated document declassification system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Induction of immune tolerance in a 7-year-old hemophiliac with an anaphylactoid inhibitor

Background : Anaphylactic reactions were a rare complication of low purity VIII concentrates, but not with high purity VIII concentrates. Case : 7 y/o WM with severe hemophilia A, received only cryoprecipitate and monoclonally purified VIII concentrates ; developed post-infusional urticaria. A 2-Bethesda-unit inhibitor was detected. Generalized urticaria and bronchospasm following factor developed as the titer increased. Skin tests demonstrated reactivity to plasma derived VIII, but not recombinant VIII (rhVIII). Attempts at desensitization using rhVIII failed. ELISA revealed an anti-VIII IgE antibody. He was treated with a modified tolerance regimen using rhVIII starting at 500 U/day with aggressive premedication. The dosage increased by 200U weekly as tolerated to a maximum of 100 U/kg/d without symptoms. Results : His antibody titer decreased rapidly once he started 100 U/kg/d. Six months later, the inhibitor was <1 Bethesda unit. Conclusion : Immune tolerance induction using a graduated dosage of rhVIII was successful.
Biochemical Characterization of Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors in Huntington’s Disease

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominantly inherited progressive neurological disorder characterized by involuntary choreiform movements and dementia. Occurring at a frequency of approximately 5 to 10 in 10,000, it manifests itself in two forms (11). The more frequent form is of adult onset and becomes symptomatic in the fourth or fifth decade of life. The early onset form, or Westphal variant, occurs in less than 5% of those individuals with HD and has a rapid course involving rigid, hypokinetic movements frequently accompanied by seizures and severe mental retardation (4).
INCENTIVES IN EXPERIMENTS WITH OBJECTIVE LOTTERIES

Azrieli et al. (J Polit Econ, 2018) provide a characterization of incentive compatible payment mechanisms for experiments, assuming subjects’ preferences respect dominance but can have any possible subjective beliefs over random outcomes. If instead we assume subjects view probabilities as objective—for example, when dice or coins are used—then the set of incentive compatible mechanisms may grow. In this paper we show that it does, but the added mechanisms are not widely applicable. As in the subjective-beliefs framework, the only broadly-applicable incentive compatible mechanism (assuming all preferences that respect dominance are admissible) is to pay subjects for one randomly-selected decision.
Emotional Dynamics in Encounters

Emotions are perhaps as important as culture and language in forging the bonds that make encounters and, ultimately, larger sociocultural formations possible. Virtually every social interaction is emotionally valenced along a negative and positive continuum; and without emotions, individuals would not develop commitments to each other, to culture, and to social structures. And, of course, with the capacity to generate negative emotions, individuals can strike out at others and virtually any social structure. As I have sought to document in a variety of places (Turner 2000a, 2002, 2006, 2007a), the human brain is wired to produce a wide variety of emotions of dramatically varying intensity; and this capacity is the outcome of intense selection pressures on the ancestors of present-day humans to become more social (see TenHouten2007 for another view).
Surgical Treatment Utilizing Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a diagnostic imaging modality that provides a high-quality, dimensionally accurate three-dimensional (3D) representation of the osseous elements of the maxillofacial skeleton. CBCT has the potential to transform the practice of endodontic microsurgery, much in the same way that other new technologies introduced over the past two decades – such as microscopes, ultrasonic devices, and new root-end filling materials – have led to enhanced safety and treatment outcomes. The different applications of CBCT in diagnosis, treatment planning, and long-term outcome evaluation of periapical surgery will be reviewed. In this chapter cases will be presented to demonstrate the value of CBCT information in presurgical assessment, case selection, and treatment planning in endodontic microsurgery. The use of CBCT to identify and manage cases involving close proximity to important anatomical structures (e.g., maxillary sinus, the inferior alveolar, mental, and nasopalatine neurovascular bundles) and to evaluate the outcome of periapical microsurgery will be presented and discussed.
Induction Motor Drives

This chapter elucidates induction motor drives, including different drive configurations, estimation of signals, control topologies, and speed sensorless control. The technology has gone through a dynamic evolution in the last two-and-half decades and is currently advancing with large momentum for the future. The principal classes of induction motor drives are Stator Voltage Control at Constant Frequency, Voltage-fed PWM Inverter Drive, and Current-Fed inverter drive (Six-step or PWM), and Cycloconverter drive and Slip Power Recovery Drive,including Static Kramer Drive and Static Scherbius Drive. The principal classes of induction motor drives includes both cage-type and wound-rotor machines. Cage-type machines are most common because of their simplicity, cost effectiveness, and ruggedness. Occasionally, wound-rotor machines are also used in the high-power range with slip power recovery control. Static Kramer and Static Scherbius drives have been used in industry for limited range speed control near the synchronous speed. A variable-frequency single- phase motor drive is difficult to achieve because of its large pulsating torque. However, the variable-frequency of a two-phase machine drive principle is similar to a three-phase drive.
Resilience in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease and Cancer: Social Ecology Indicators of Health-Related Quality of Life

Promoting resilience for children and adolescents with chronic health conditions has been a guiding framework for the field of pediatric psychology. Much of the literature is now focused on the specific risk and resource factors that contribute to psychosocial outcomes, specifically, how to improve health-related quality of life (HRQL) with targeted and effective interventions. Pediatric cancer and sickle cell disease (SCD) serve as excellent examples to highlight risk and resource factors associated with resilience as similarities and differences in sociodemographics, disease characteristics, and treatments allow for unique comparisons and generalizations to other chronic health conditions. This chapter includes a description of risk and resource factors and associated interventions within a social ecological framework for both pediatric cancer and pediatric SCD taking into consideration the individual, family systems, social, and health care systems level. Future directions to address risk and resource factors within each level are provided.
Correlation-based interpretations of paleoclimate data – where statistics meet past climates

Abstract Correlation analysis is omnipresent in paleoclimatology, and often serves to support the proposed climatic interpretation of a given proxy record. However, this analysis presents several statistical challenges, each of which is sufficient to nullify the interpretation: the loss of degrees of freedom due to serial correlation, the test multiplicity problem in connection with a climate field, and the presence of age uncertainties. While these issues have long been known to statisticians, they are not widely appreciated by the wider paleoclimate community; yet they can have a first-order impact on scientific conclusions. Here we use three examples from the recent paleoclimate literature to highlight how spurious correlations affect the published interpretations of paleoclimate proxies, and suggest that future studies should address these issues to strengthen their conclusions. In some cases, correlations that were previously claimed to be significant are found insignificant, thereby challenging published interpretations. In other cases, minor adjustments can be made to safeguard against these concerns. Because such problems arise so commonly with paleoclimate data, we provide open-source code to address them. Ultimately, we conclude that statistics alone cannot ground-truth a proxy, and recommend establishing a mechanistic understanding of a proxy signal as a sounder basis for interpretation.
Impact of active concealment of stigmatized identities on physical and psychological quality of life.

Abstract Despite theoretical support for the relationship between disclosure (or “outness”) and positive health outcomes for people with concealable stigmatized identities, research using outness to predict health elicits weak to inconsistent relationships. In the current research we argue that it is the need to frequently conceal that predicts negative health consequences, rather than outness. A sample of adults recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk reported on mental illness, chronic physical illness, or minority sexual orientation (N = 288) concealment. Participants were surveyed on their levels of outness (in general and to specific others), their frequency of active concealment of the identity, and their physical and psychological quality of life (as measured by the WHOQOL-BREF). All surveys were completed from IP addresses in the United States in 2014. Results showed that the extent of active concealment predicted self-reported psychological (β = −0.32, p
Identification of key regions and residues controlling Aβ folding and assembly

Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) assembly is hypothesized to be a seminal neuropathologic event in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We used an unbiased D-amino acid substitution strategy to determine structure-assembly relationships of 76 different Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides. We determined the effects of the substitutions on peptide oligomerization, secondary structure dynamics, fibril assembly dynamics, and fibril morphology. Our experiments revealed that the assembly of Aβ42 was more sensitive to chiral substitutions than was Aβ40 assembly. Substitutions at identical positions in the two peptides often, but not always, produced the same effects on assembly. Sites causing substantial effects in both Aβ40 and Aβ42 include His14, Gln15, Ala30, Ile31, Met35, and Val36. Sites whose effects were unique to Aβ40 include Lys16, Leu17, and Asn 27, whereas sites unique to Aβ42 include Phe20 and Ala21. These sites may be appropriate targets for therapeutic agents that inhibit or potentiate, respectively, these effects.
Intentional islanding of power grids with data depth

A new method for intentional islanding of power grids is proposed, based on a data-driven and inherently geometric concept of data depth. The utility of the new depth-based islanding is illustrated in application to the Italian power grid. It is found that spectral clustering with data depths outperforms spectral clustering with k-means in terms of k-way expansion. Directions on how the k-depths can be extended to multilayer grids in a tensor representation are outlined.
The role of SIRT1 in cancer: the saga continues.

In recent years, the importance of histone deacetylases in cancer development has become increasingly apparent. Many nonhistone protein targets of histone deacetylases have been identified as tumor suppressors or promoters, and aberrant expression and regulation of histone deacetylases therefore has been shown to have either oncogenic or protective consequences.1 SIRT1, a member of the NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases known as the Sirtuins, has been shown to play a role in not only cancer, but also a number of other physiological processes and health conditions, including metabolic disease, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular disease.2, 3 The role of SIRT1 in cancer remains controversial as many studies have suggested a tumor promoter function of SIRT1, whereas a number of other studies have shown a tumor suppressor role of this sirtuin.4 In this issue of The American Journal of Pathology, Di Sante et al5 weigh in on this controversy with compelling data supporting the status of SIRT1 as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. They used a Sirt1−/− mouse model and fibroblasts to demonstrate a protective role of SIRT1 against the induction of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, increased cellular proliferation, and accompanied mitophagy. In addition, they demonstrate that SIRT1 inhibits reactive oxygen species production and induces superoxide dismutase 2 activity, and that expression of the tumor suppressor TP63 increases with the loss of SIRT1. Here, we discuss the implications of these findings in the context of the current research regarding the role of SIRT1 as a tumor suppressor or promoter.
Medical Diagnosis of Type A Behavior and Its Differentiation from Type B Behavior

The confusion concerning the relationship of TAB to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease has been due to two reasons. The most important has been and still is the failure of almost all investigators in the field to recognize that, despite its ubiquity in the American population [as is also coronary artery disease (Enos, Beyer, & Holmes, 1955)], TAB is a medical disorder, and like all other medical disorders, whether aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or acne, cannot be diagnosed by a self-report obtained by a questionnaire or by a nonprofessional clerk.
Other Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy

The pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy is complex and it is important to understand the underlying pathology leading to the complication in order to best tailor treatment for each individual patient. It is unlikely that reversing any single mechanism will prove sufficient for reversing nerve damage. Several drugs, such as antioxidant, PKC inhibitors and nerve growth factors can have effects on multiple systems that are compromised in diabetic neuropathy, yet even those may not be enough in and of themselves to completely restore neurological function. Combination therapy may prove to be the best long term approach, and studies of those combinations should prove revealing as to the relative roles of metabolic dysfunction, microvascular insufficiency and autoimmunity in the diabetic neuropathy patient population.
Treatment of acute brain edema

Objective To review the basic concepts and mechanisms of cerebral edema and to analyze current management of this complex clinical problem. Development Cerebral edema is a stereotyped reaction of the brain to any aggression and is a very common complication in patients with alterations of the blood-brain barrier. The cerebral edema should be recognized and treated early and aggressively to avoid disastrous results such as cerebral herniation. The most important types of edema are the vasogenic and cytotoxic. The first implies primary alterations of the blood-brain barrier, whilst in the second they are of cellular homeostasis. We have reviewed how various pro-inflammatory substances interact to stimulate the mechanisms causing edema, and also the importance of cerebrovascular autoregulation for maintenance of a normal intracranial volume. The measures necessary for good cerebral reanimation are the following: evaluation of the airway, controlled hyperventilation, maintenance of the cerebral perfusion pressure > 70 mmHg, suitable position of the head, administration of hypertonic solutions, dexamethasone, and possibly barbiturates. We have shown that a body temperature > 37.5 degrees C and blood glucose > 150 mg/dl are related to worsening of the cerebral edema. Finally, we have reviewed other experimental treatments which seem promising, such as hemicraniectomy, hypertonic saline solutions, hypothermia and other neuroprotector agents. Conclusions All patients with acute cerebral edema should be evaluated early and treated with therapy which will solve the underlying pathological problem. Good medical management of these patients is of vital importance to assure a satisfactory clinical outcome. Recently new, effective therapy has been evaluated which may substantially change current concepts of the treatment of patients with acute cerebral edema.
Competing Risks Analysis of Promotion and Attrition in Academic Medicine: A National Study of U.S. Medical School Graduates.

Purpose Competing risk methodology was used to identify variables associated with promotion and attrition of newly appointed full-time instructors or assistant professors in U.S. MD-granting medical schools. Method A national sample of U.S. MD-granting medical school graduates in calendar years 1997-2004 who received initial full-time instructor or assistant professor appointments from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2012, was followed through December 31, 2013. Adjusted proportional subdistribution hazard ratios (aSHRs) measured the effects of demographic, educational, and institutional variables on promotion and attrition. Results The final study sample included 27,219 full-time instructors (n = 10,470) and assistant professors (n = 16,749). In all models (entire sample and stratified by initial rank), faculty who reported all other (vs. full-time faculty) career intentions at graduation and were underrepresented racial/ethnic minority (vs. white) faculty had lower aSHRs for promotion and greater aSHRs for attrition, whereas research-intensive (vs. non-research-intensive) medical school graduates, faculty at schools without a tenure track, and mentored K awardees had greater aSHRs for promotion and lower aSHRs for attrition. In all models, faculty with ≥ $100,000 (vs. no) debt at graduation had greater aSHRs for attrition. Among instructors, women had lower aSHRs for attrition than men, but among assistant professors, women had greater aSHRs for attrition. Conclusions This study adds new knowledge about career trajectories of academic medicine faculty initially appointed as full-time instructors. Career development interventions and research mentoring during and after medical school and debt reduction programs could help increase academic medicine faculty retention and promotion.
Industry–Academia Collaboration in Software Engineering

This article aims to encourage more industry–academia collaborations by highlighting examples of successful collaborations. Through these examples, the authors hope to help practitioners and researchers understand the breadth of options available for such interactions. This article is part of a theme issue on software engineering’s 50th anniversary.
Elevated Serum Cytokines and Trichomonas vaginalis Serology at Diagnosis Are Not Associated With Higher Gleason Grade or Lethal Prostate Cancer.

Abstract Background Inflammation and infections have been associated with prostate cancer progression. We assessed whether elevated serum cytokines or T. vaginalis seropositivity at the time of diagnosis was associated with higher grade or lethal prostate cancer. Patients and Methods Men with localized or metastatic prostate cancer were included in this study. Cytokine serum levels including interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (CCL-2), tumor necrosis factor α, and growth-regulated oncogene α (CXCL-1) using a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and T. vaginalis serology were measured in blood samples at diagnosis. Results A total of 324 patients were identified at time of localized disease and 118 at time of metastatic disease. Of the 189 patients with localized disease and clinical follow-up data (median, 73 months), 28 developed lethal disease. There was no association between circulating cytokine levels above median concentrations nor T. vaginalis seropositivity and risk of intermediate- to high-risk or lethal prostate cancer. Conclusion Higher levels of serum cytokine levels and T. vaginalis seropositivity at diagnosis are not associated with high-grade or lethal prostate cancer and do not aid risk stratification of localized prostate cancer.
Comparative study of zein- and gluten-based wood adhesives containing cellulose nanofibers and crosslinking agent for improved bond strength

Abstract Many of the currently used wood adhesives contain chemicals that are harmful to human health and the environment. Increasing environmental and human health concerns have made the development of safe biobased adhesives a priority. In this study, two plant proteins, i.e., zein and wheat gluten, were used to develop wood adhesives and their performance was compared through simple lap shear tests and plywood flexural/internal bond tests in dry and wet conditions. To increase their bond strength, cellulose nanofibers were added to create nanocomposite adhesives and glutaraldehyde was also used to crosslink the proteins. Single-lap shear test was performed to measure the bond strength of different adhesive formulations and determine the optimal formulations and processing conditions. Fractured bond surfaces were studied using optical observation and scanning electron microscopy to determine bond failure mechanisms. Thermal and chemical properties of the adhesives were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. The bond strength of both zein and gluten adhesives was significantly increased by the addition of the cellulose nanofibers and/or glutaraldehyde, although the two adhesives responded differently to the two reinforcement materials due to the different solvents used to prepare the adhesives. The bond failure mode changed from cohesive failure of the adhesive to structural failure of the adherent for the gluten adhesive containing CNFs and glutaraldehyde. Potential zein and gluten adhesive formulations were used to produce plywood samples and their performance was assessed under different conditions. The formulations with industrial potential were discovered through this study.
Neurothekeoma: Report of two cases in children and review of the literature

Neurothekeomas, or simply nerve sheath myxomas, are rare benign skin neoplasms. They are believed to derive from peripheral nerve sheath transformation and are typically more prevalent in females. They tend to be found mainly on the upper limbs as well as head and neck locations. In this report, we detail two children with neurothekeomas, describe the fundamental clinical manifestations, and review the current literature.
BETWEEN A ROCK AND HARD PLACE: TICAGRELOR AS A SAFE ALTERNATIVE TO CLOPIDOGREL AFTER DRUG-INDUCED THROMBOCYTOPENIA

Thrombocytopenia is a rare but dangerous effect of clopidogrel. To date, only 6 cases have been reported of isolated thrombocytopenia associated with clopidogrel but none have reported safe replacement with ticagrelor post myocardial infarction (MI) 63-year-old man with prior 3-vessel coronary
Observation on the efficacy of intravitreal Ranibizumab for the treatment of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity

Objective To observe the efficacy of intravitreal Ranibizumab(IVR) for the treatment in aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity(AP-ROP). Methods The data of 44 eyes of 22 premature infants with AP-ROP were reviewed and analyzed. All the infants received IVR(10 mg/ml, 0.025ml)as the initial treatment within 24 hours after diagnosis. Anterior segment examinations were performed 1 and 2 days after injection, and fundus examination were performed 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after treatment. Follow-up time was 8 - 24 weeks with average (15.80±7.31) weeks. If the infants didn’t respond positively to the treatment, they were repeated IVR or received laser photocoagulation treatment once more. Results After IVR injections, AP-ROP regression exhibited in 28 eyes(63.64%). The disease was progressive in 16 eyes (36.36%). Avascular areas were still visible in fundus Ⅲ areas in 4 eyes among 28 eyes.No systemic toxicity happened in cured children. Among 16 eyes, the disease was stable after laser photocoagulation in 10 eyes(22.73%); transfer to superior hospital in 4 eyes and 2 eyes gave up the treatment because of other diseases. Conclusion IVR is safe and effective for most AP-ROP infants.Some prematurity need combined with laser photocoagulation.Only few infants cannot be cured. A systemic toxicity could not be seen in cured children who accepted IVR. The side effects of few children’s eyes are shown in the peripheral blood vessels of the children. Key words: Retinopathy, prematurity, posterior, aggressive; Treatment; Ranibizumab, intravitreal
Far-Infrared (λc=28.6 μm) GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Photodetectors

We demonstrate the longest wavelength (λc=28.6 μm) far-infrared GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well photodetectors (QWIPs) based on a bound-to-bound intersubband transitions. The responsivity is comparable to that of mid-infrared GaAs/AlGaAs and In GaAs/GaAs QWIPs. A responsivity of 0.265 A/W and detectivity of 2.5 x 109 cm\( \sqrt {Hz} /W \) at the peak wavelength of 26.9 μm at 4.2K have been achieved. Based on the temperature dependent dark current and response results, it is expected that similar performance can be obtained at least up to 20K.
Advances in the Functional Assessment of Patients with Sarcoma

Functional assessment of patients with osteosarcoma may yield unique insights into the guide and advance treatment. A range of patient-reported outcomes has been validated, including general health and condition-specific measures as well as computer adaptive testing. Health state utility measures, which facilitate comparative-effectiveness research, are also available. Beyond these surveys, and laboratory-dependent gait analyses, is the potential for real-world evaluation through research-oriented and consumer-oriented accelerometers. Initial studies have shown promising validity of these activity trackers and may also have implications for traditional oncologic outcomes.
‘Converse racialization’ and ‘un/marking’ language: The making of a bilingual university in a neoliberal world

The discourse on the opening of a bilingual university along the Texas-Mexico border leads us to propose a theory of ‘converse racialization’ through which the local Spanish is being progressively ‘unmarked’ and disassociated from the language practice of Mexican Americans. Converse racialization, as the equal and opposite co-constituting underside of racialization, shifts the directionality of semiotic indexes away from a particular ‘race’ or ‘ethnicity’ (including whiteness) and produces an apparent state of ‘unmarkedness’. We argue that the process of ‘unmarking’ Spanish has social, economic, and racializing consequences. Specifically, the language-as-resource discourse obscures and rearticulates the ‘deficiency perspective’ that continues to perpetuate structural inequalities that Latinxs in the border face. (Racialization, higher education, critical race theory, bilingualism, neoliberalism)*
Solitary lung myofibroma in an infant

Abstract Myofibroma is a rare benign spindle cell neoplasm that occurs predominantly in infants and young children. The disease can be classified into solitary and multicentric forms. The solitary form typically affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue while the multicentric form is usually more severe due to the involvement of internal organs. A solitary myofibroma involving the lung is an extremely rare variant of this disease. To the best of our knowledge, this form of the disease has not been well documented in the literature. We report here an 8-month-old male who presented with cough and fever and was found to have a well-circumscribed lesion in his right lung. CT imaging revealed a soft tissue mass with some intratumoral calcification. A systemic examination was unremarkable. Thoracoscopic excision of the mass was successfully performed. Histopathology revealed a spindle cell tumor consistent with the diagnosis of solitary myofibroma. The patient had a stable recovery and was discharged home after 24 hours. There were no recurrences after a follow up period of 1 month.
Herder on esthetic imagination as a source of post-national democratic solidarity: A contribution to Habermas’ constitutional patriotism

Constitutional patriotism has been criticized for providing too thin an identity as the ground for common citizenship. Answering this criticism, Habermas recently stressed the role of affective attachments in creating constitutional patriotic bonds. Still, an account of the type of imagination that could foster such post-national affective attachments is lacking. Drawing on Herder's conception of political culture, I argue that constitutional patriotism requires a modern form of mythology. This would include narratives that shape people's imaginative capacity to see their own culture as a vulnerable and fallible part of a plural mankind and as a free and equal contributor to the global advancement toward humanity. In contrast to ideological mythology, an enlightened use of myth would engage the interactive and communicative potential of poetic images in ways that shape a common feeling of humanity. In short, Habermas’ constitutional patriotism requires supplementing the power of law to create bonds between people. This can be done through the cultivation of imaginative engagements with foreign others. Such imaginative engagements would shape good dispositions that are conducive to tolerance, peace and justice. This addition also allows Habermas’ argument for constitutional patriotism to better answer the communitarian accusation of supranationalism.
Seasonal Relationships Between Diatom Assemblages and Environmental Conditions Vary Between Epipelic- and Epipsammic-dominated Tidal Flat Diatom Communities in the Yaquina Estuary, Oregon, USA

This research examined temporal and spatial patterns of microphytobenthos (MPB) and relationships with environmental variables in a Pacific Northwest, USA estuary with complex environmental gradients. Sediment composition, salinity, and nutrients varied between sites closer to the estuary mouth (MAR), and those further upstream (RIV) and seasonal patterns in these variables also differed between MAR and RIV sites. Average MPB biomass was 57.8 ± 22.9 μg chlorophyll cm−3 at MAR sites and 29.9 ± 13.3 μg chlorophyll cm−3 at RIV sites. Relationships between MPB biomass and environmental conditions depended on season. The MPB diatom assemblage was influenced primarily by location within the estuary and secondarily by season. Epipsammic taxa, including Catenula adhaerens, Planothidium delicatulum, and Opephora spp. 1, were most abundant at MAR sites, while highly motile taxa in the genera Navicula senso lato and Nitzschia were abundant at RIV sites. Seasonal shifts in diatom community structure were evident at RIV sites and were driven primarily by changes in dominant epipelic taxa. Relationships between the MPB diatom assemblage and environmental conditions varied between MAR and RIV sites. Physical variables, including distance from the estuary mouth, sediment composition, land use in the 100 m buffer, and to a lesser extent, salinity, were correlated to the MAR assemblage. In contrast for RIV sites, salinity and nutrients were correlated to the diatom assemblage. Despite the complexity inherent in elucidating diatom–environmental relationships, our results suggest that tidal flat diatoms can be used to assess the environmental conditions of estuaries.
You Keep Using That Word: Ways of Thinking about Gender in Computing Research

CSCW researchers have long inquired into the ways that identity informs, and is informed by, the design of technological systems. Gender is a regularly considered aspect of identity, with extensive work documenting and exploring gendered experiences and designs with the aim of addressing inequalities in, or through, design. Recent work has questioned the way that we conceptualise and "measure" gender, advocating more nuanced classificatory schemes to avoid silencing or obscuring trans and/or non-binary experiences. Building on and extending this research, our work examines how gender is conceptualised more broadly. Drawing from a range of theoretical perspectives in gender studies, feminist and postcolonial theory, we argue for the treatment of gender as "multiplicitous" when we conceptualise and interpret research, in order to avoid unintentionally perpetuating silencing and inequality even as we work to tackle it. Illustrating our argument with examples from both within and without CSCW, we suggest both new research directions for CSCW scholars inquiring into gender, and sensitising questions that scholars can use when constructing and evaluating studies.
Household Language Barriers, Community Language Resources, and Asset Ownership Among Immigrants and Refugees in Western New York: A Mixed-Methods Study:

While English proficiency is recognized as a main determinant of immigrants’ and refugees’ economic success, the role of community language resources is rarely examined. This mixed-methods study in...
Design and performance evaluation of access methods and heuristic techniques for implementing document ranking strategies

The storage and retrieval of text is a very important function in many applications, such as office information systems and library systems. In most text retrieval systems in current use, Boolean search strategies are used to distinguish documents that are to be retrieved from those that should be rejected. However, these strategies have well-known drawbacks. It has been shown that the vector processing system without Boolean operators can be used to overcome the shortcomings of Boolean systems and improve retrieval effectiveness. In this dissertation, we concentrate on the implementation techniques for the tf x idf ranking strategy using vector processing systems. In the inverted file environments, much work has been done to reduce the amount of disk accesses for implementing total document ranking, in which all of the requested number of top documents (e.g., top 20) are guaranteed to be returned. However, none of the proposed algorithms is able to yield significant performance gain. Therefore, one important issue is to pursue techniques for implementing partial document ranking, in which some (not necessarily all) of the requested number of top documents are returned. In this dissertation, two new search algorithms in inverted file environments are proposed and evaluated. Moreover, estimation methods are proposed to approximate the number of top documents obtained by the new algorithms at different retrieval points. The implementation of ranking in the signature file environments is also investigated. One important issue is to incorporate term weights in signatures so that the degree of retrieval effectiveness can be increased. Two methods for organizing and searching signature files are proposed and evaluated. The processing costs and storage overheads between the inverted files and the new signature file methods are compared in details. Since the use of signature files for implementing this ranking strategy is rather primitive, we only concentrate on total document ranking. The contributions of this dissertation are as follows. In the inverted file environments, the new methods are able to obtain a majority of top documents without performing a large amount of I/O operations. In the signature file environments, the new methods allow the implementation of the tf x idf ranking strategy so that retrieval effectiveness can be increased.
Chemoradiation for cervical cancer

Cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiation therapy has become the standard primary therapy in patients with locally advanced (stage IIB–IVA) or bulky early stage (IB2) cervical cancers and as an adjuvant therapy in patients with non-bulky early stage (IA2-IB1 and IIA) cervical cancer with at least one high risk factor after radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Five randomized clinical trials have shown that cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiation is associated with 30–50 % improvement in both relative progression free survival and overall survival. This is contrast to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy administered preceding radiation therapy which in randomized trials has no survival advantage compared to radiation therapy alone in locally advanced cervical cancer. Weekly cisplatin in a dose of 40 mg/m2 for 6 weeks given during external pelvic radiation and brachytherapy represents the most widely acceptable regimen. Two current randomized clinical trials are studying the role of adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel following standard chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced disease or early stage disease with high risk factors after radical surgery. Further, the role of biologic agents as radiation therapy sensitizers is currently being investigated either alone or in combination with cisplatin.
Engineering in the making : an ethnography of product development

While there are many known factors that contribute to the success or failure of small innovation companies (SIC), the product development processes (PDPs) for these companies are generally poorly understood. The goal of this thesis is to understand PDPs and their consequences in such a company. Fieldwork is performed onsite using ethnographic methods, and the unit of study is the project, consisting of prior projects, projects in progress, and new projects. The results show that PDPs are interpretive and not just sets of rules followed by individuals. Although there are patterns that emerge in how things are done, individual characteristics and the social processes by which they interact shape the construction of the actual PDPs. This has consequences on the way Engineering is organized and managed, and on engineering education.
Role of Transverse Tubules (T-Tubules) in Muscle Glucose Transport

The first data to demonstrate glucose transporter translocation in muscle used membranes enriched in sarcolemma because it was assumed that this was the equivalent of the cell membrane of adipocytes. We studied translocation in intact human muscle using immunogold labeling of the GLUT4 transporter but found very little labeling on the sarcolemma. In contrast, there was abundant gold-labeling associated with the T-tubules and we proposed that glucose transport occured across this membrane system. In a subsequent study using an entirely different technique, we labeled cell surface glucose transporters of rat muscle with a cell impermeant photolabel and demonstrated that a majority of the glucose transporters were translocated to T-tubules, not to the sarcolemma, in response to insulin. In this report we show for the first time that in insulin-plus contraction stimulated muscle, GLUT4 glucose transporters are associated with an area that we call the SCT complex (Sarcolemmal, Caveoli, T-tubule complex). This SCT complex may play an important role in delivering metabolites to the muscle under conditions, such as muscle contraction, when there is a very high requirement for glucose transport.
The structure of hydrogen chloride

The structure of hydrogen chloride (dimer, crystal lattice and liquid) has been calculated using an intermolecular potential model that consists of a central Lennard-Jones (12, 6) part, a polarizable dipole and a permanent quadrupole. Good agreement with available experimental data and quantum mechanical results is obtained for all three structures. In addition the potential model gives satisfactory results for the pressure second virial coefficient. Previous potential models for HCl have been unable to reproduce the liquid structure very accurately.
Analytic and numerical theory of quench in CICC

A new compact theoretical model is presented that describes the phenomena of quench propagation in Cable In Conduit superconducting magnets. The model circumvents many of the difficulties associated with obtaining numerical solution of more general existing models. Specifically, a factor of 30-50 is gained in the CPU time required to study typical quench events. The corresponding numerical implementation of the new model is described and the numerical results are shown to agree very well with those of the more general models, as well as with experimental data. By considering a set of simplifying assumptions the new quench model has also been solved analytically. The analytic solution is presented and is shown to be in very good agreement with the numerical results.
Disaster preparedness for children with special healthcare needs and disabilities

Ask the Expert provides research-based answers to practice questions submitted by JSPN readers. Language: en
Novel mouse embryonic renal marker gene products differentially expressed during kidney development

Investigators approaching the problem of renal organogenesis have been hampered by a paucity of suitable molecular markers that specify distinct developmental phenotypes. To identify such markers, differential display-polymerase chain reaction (DD-PCR) was used to survey the temporal pattern of gene expression in mouse kidney at 11.5, 13.5, 15.5, and 17.5 days after conception and in the adult kidney. Twenty-two differentially expressed amplification products were identified, isolated, and sequenced. Seventeen clones showed no significant similarity with previously reported nucleotide sequences: two were similar to two housekeeping gene products, and three were similar to human or rat expressed sequence tags. To confirm the differential expression patterns observed by DD-PCR, semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR was performed using sequence-specific oligonucleotide primers. Nineteen of 22 clones were differentially expressed during kidney development [mouse embryonic renal marker (MERM) sequences 1-19]. The value of MERMs as developmental markers was further assessed in mouse metanephric organ culture, where the pattern of MERM transcript expression mimicked that observed in vivo. Therefore, the DD-PCR method permitted development of a panel of marker sequences that can be used to characterize renal developmental processes and that may allow the identification of novel, functionally relevant gene products.
Transduction of Dendritic Cells by DNA Viral Vectors Directs the Immune Response to Transgene Products in Muscle Fibers

Immune responses to vector-corrected cells have limited the application of gene therapy for treatment of chronic disorders such as inherited deficiency states. We have found that recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) efficiently transduces muscle fibers in vivo without activation of cellular and humoral immunity to neoantigenic transgene products such as beta-galactosidase, which differs from the experience with recombinant adenovirus, where vibrant T-cell responses to the transgene product destroy the targeted muscle fibers. T cells activated following intramuscular administration of adenovirus expressing lacZ (AdlacZ) can destroy AAVlacZ-transduced muscle fibers, indicating a prior state of immunologic nonresponsiveness in the context of AAV gene therapy. Adoptive transfer of dendritic cells infected with AdlacZ leads to immune mediated elimination of AAVlacZ-transduced muscle fibers. AAVlacZ-transduced antigen-presenting cells fail to demonstrate beta-galactosidase activity and are unable to elicit transgene immunity in adoptive transfer experiments. These studies indicate that vector-mediated transduction of dendritic cells is necessary for cellular immune responses to muscle gene therapy, a step which AAV avoids, providing a useful biological niche for its use in gene therapy.
The Role of Kv3-type Potassium Channels in Cerebellar Physiology and Behavior

Different subunits of the Kv3 subfamily of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels (Kv3.1-Kv3.4) are expressed in distinct neuronal subpopulations in the cerebellum. Behavioral phenotypes in Kv3-null mutant mice such as ataxia with prominent hypermetria and heightened alcohol sensitivity are characteristic of cerebellar dysfunction. Here, we review how the unique biophysical properties of Kv3-type potassium channels, fast activation and fast deactivation that enable cerebellar neurons to generate brief action potentials at high frequencies, affect firing patterns and influence cerebellum-mediated behavior.
Loadable Hypervisor Modules

This paper discusses the implementation of a new hypervisor mechanism for loading dynamic shared objects (modules) at runtime. These loadable hypervisor modules (LHM) are modeled after the loadable kernel modules used in Linux. We detail the current LHM implementation based on the Xen hypervisor. Potential use cases for this LHM mechanism include dynamic hypervisor instrumentation for debug tracing or performance analysis. We discuss the initial LHM prototype and future plans.
Chalcocite Oxidation and Coupled Carbon Dioxide Fixation by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans.

The reaction of cell suspensions of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans with pulverized chalcocite (Cu 2 S) in a Warburg manometric apparatus resulted in oxygen uptake accompanied by increased solubilization of copper and fixation of carbon dioxide. Since the only detectable oxidized products were cupric ions and the more oxidized form of the sulfide mineral, that is, digenite or covellite, the apparent source of energy for the carbon dioxide fixation was provided by the oxidation of the cuprous copper of the chalcocite.