cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Does Oxidative DNA Damage Cause Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Syndrome? New Insights Into Which Came First: The Chicken or the Egg

See related article, pages 1021–1031 The study of Mercer et al,1 published in this issue of Circulation Research , reports new evidence linking oxidative DNA damage, atherosclerosis, and the metabolic syndrome. Although these relationships have been long proposed,2,–,4 many have criticized previous reports asking the rhetorical question: Which came first, the chicken or the egg? Another question, more specific to the topic of the study by Mercer et al, is: Does oxidative DNA damage actively promote atherosclerosis (and/or metabolic syndrome), or is DNA damage a result of these abnormalities? Conceptually, the theory is attractive. DNA damage occurs often. Every time you walk outside from your office or laboratory to another building, your skin is bombarded by UV irradiation. Were it not for the presence of robust and often redundant DNA repair systems, multiple layers of cells in your skin would be damaged. In some cases, the cells apoptose. The causation between induced DNA damage and cellular apoptosis has been established for many different types of cells.5 In other cases, genomic DNA might be altered in such a way as to promote malignant transformation, or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) could be damaged such that the cellular burden of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in further oxidative DNA damage to nuclear DNA (nDNA).6,7 Why does the same paradigm not fit for oxidative DNA damage as a cause of atherosclerosis? First and foremost, the vasculature is not the skin, and the connection between ROS and oxidative DNA damage (much less the connection to atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome) is less straightforward to study than the effect of UV irradiation on keratinocytes and melanocytes. Directly measuring the impact of ROS in the vasculature, or on the function of organs responsible for the cluster …
Place-Its: a study of location-based reminders on mobile phones

Context-awareness can improve the usefulness of automated reminders. However, context-aware reminder applications have yet to be evaluated throughout a person's daily life. Mobile phones provide a potentially convenient and truly ubiquitous platform for the detection of personal context such as location, as well as the delivery of reminders. We designed Place-Its, a location-based reminder application that runs on mobile phones, to study people using location-aware reminders throughout their daily lives. We describe the de-sign of Place-Its and a two-week exploratory user study. The study reveals that location-based reminders are useful, in large part because people use location in nuanced ways.
SIRT1 Positively Regulates Breast Cancer Associated Human Aromatase (CYP19A1) Expression

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in women diagnosed with cancer. In breast cancer, aberrant expression of the CYP19A1 gene, which encodes the aromatase enzyme, contributes to increased intratumoral levels of estradiol. Regardless of whether this estrogen is produced by peripheral tissues or within specific subpopulations of cells within the breast tumor, it is clear that the aromatase enzymatic activity is critical for the growth of estrogen-dependent tumors. Currently, aromatase inhibitors have proven to be highly effective in blocking the growth of estrogen-dependent forms of breast cancer. CYP19A1 transcription is tightly controlled by 10 tissue-specific promoters. In breast cancer, however, aromatase transcription is driven by multiple promoters that somehow override the tissue-specific regulation of normal tissue. Here, we explore the role that the deacetylase, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), plays in positively regulating aromatase in breast cancer. We demonstrate that the use of cambinol and the SIRT1/2 inhibitor VII, 2 small molecule inhibitors of SIRT1 and SIRT2, as well as small molecule inhibitors and small interfering RNA specific to SIRT1, all reduce the levels of aromatase mRNA. We further demonstrate that pharmacologic inhibition causes a marked reduction in aromatase protein levels. Additionally, by chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrate that SIRT1 occupies the promoter regions PI.3/PII and PI.4, and its inhibition leads to increased acetylation of estrogen-related receptorα, a transcription factor that positively regulates CYP19A1 transcription in epithelial cells. Finally, we demonstrate by immunohistochemistry that SIRT1 is significantly up-regulated in invasive ductal carcinoma relative to normal tissue adjacent to tumor, further suggesting a role of SIRT1 in breast cancer. This work uncovers a new mechanism for the regulation of aromatase and provides rationale for further investigation of how the inhibition of specific sirtuins may provide a unique strategy for inhibiting aromatase that may complement or synergize with existing therapies.
Drainage Tube Management

After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following: Know the most common indications for various drainage tubes used in the management of critically ill patients. Know the methods of insertion of various drainage tubes and how to maintain their proper function. Recognize the potential complications associated with drainage tubes used in critical care.
Available energy in meat and bone meal as measured by different methods.

Abstract Estimates of the N-corrected metabolizable energy (MEn) of meat and bone meal (MBM) were made using different methods of bioassay and different levels of dietary substitution. In general, significantly higher MEn values were obtained with 20% than with 40% substitution. Experiments were conducted in an attempt to determine the reason for the lower MEn values at higher dietary MBM levels. The MEn of a simulated MBM consisting of isolated soybean protein, tallow, and minerals with a proximate analysis similar to that of MBM was not lowered by increasing the level of substitution. The MEn of hexane-extracted MBM still was significantly lower at 40% than at 20% substitution. Synergism between types of fatty acids appears to play an insignificant role in the energy differences. In nitrogen metabolism studies, no evidence was obtained that reduced protein digestibility accounted for the lowered MEn values at higher levels of MBM. The average MEn value of MBM determined by the dietary substitution method at 40% was 2.029 kcal/g on an “as is” basis [similar to that of the table value of the National Research Council (1984)]. An MEn value between 2.3 and 2.5 kcal/g appears more appropriate when MBM is used at practical levels in balanced poultry diets.
Social class, sexual orientation, and toward proactive social equity scholarship

>> An analysis of data from the premier public administration journals in Australia, Brazil, Canada, and the United States shows academic public administration has taken both a narrow and a conservative approach to four social equity issues, including gender, race, sexual orientation, and social class. The findings show these periodicals (a) seldom and sometimes never publish articles on the four themes; (b) confine nearly all their social equity writings to race and gender; sexual orientation and social class receive little or no attention; and (c) only publish such papers long after the matter has become fashionable in most other social circles. The article concludes by suggesting ways American public administration can develop a more intellectually diverse, proactive professoriat, thereby allowing for publishing more—and more timely—articles about emerging social equity topics.
Dynamic relationships of trabecular bone density, architecture, and strength in a computational model of osteopenia

A computational model was developed to study the effects of short-and long-term periods of disuse osteopenia and repair to elucidate the interrelationships between bone mass, architecture, and strength. The model is one in which the sequence of structural change events is followed in time. This temporal feature contrasts with studies of real trabecular tissue which are necessarily cross-sectional in nature and do not lend themselves to insights into the dynamic nature of the structural changes with time. In the model it was assumed that the stimulus for bone adaptation to mechanical load is the local mechanical strain rate, according to which the trabecular surfaces are differentially formed and resorbed. The effects of mechanical loading and unloading (disuse) on the cancellous bone properties were studied. The bone mass, architecture, and elastic stiffness were shown to be strongly dependent upon the period of the unloading phase, as well as the period of the reloading phase. Mechanical stiffness is demonstrated computationally to be a multivalued function of bone mass, if architecture is not accounted for. The model shows how the same value of trabecular bone mass can be associated with two or more distinct values of biomechanical stiffness. This result is the first explicit demonstration of how bone mass, architecture, and strength are related under dynamical load-bearing conditions. The results explain the empirical observation that bone mass can account for about 65% of the observed variation in bone strength, but that by incorporating measures of bony architecture into the analysis, the predictability is increased to 94%. The computational model may be used to explore the effects of different loading regimes on mass, architecture, and strength, and potentially for assistance in designing both animal and clinical bone loss studies.
Vapor-assisted solution process for perovskite materials and solar cells

Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (e.g., CH3NH3PbX3, X represents a halide) have been highlighted for various applications, especially as light absorbers in third-generation photovoltaics. In the pursuit of low-cost and efficient perovskite solar technology, it is crucial to develop a facile method to fabricate conformal, compact perovskite films in an inexpensive and reproducible manner. Here, we report high-quality perovskite films controllably deposited via a facile low-temperature (<150°C) vapor-assisted solution process (VASP). Key steps include deposition of the inorganic framework by solution first, followed by a subsequent in situ reaction between the inorganic species and the desired organic vapor. The VASP approach differs from other conventional solution processing techniques because it retards nucleation and enables vigorous reorganization for film growth, with an absence of solvation, hydration, and undesirable structural transitions. Facilitated by excellent film quality, perovskite materials enable a power-conversion efficiency of ∼16.8% in the planar configuration of a solar cell. This method provides a simple approach to perovskite film preparation and paves the way toward high reproducibility and mass production of high-quality absorber films for solar devices.
REVIEW - Rasanayagam, Johan. Islam in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan: The Morality of Experience. xiii + 281 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

REVIEW - Rasanayagam, Johan. Islam in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan: The Morality of Experience. xiii + 281 pp. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Androgen Transport and Plasma Levels in the Normal Female

In normal women, 99% of circulating T is bound and biologically inactive. Testosterone is bound in the plasma to testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG), also called steroid-hormone- binding globulin (SHBG), a specific beta-globulin produced by the liver with a high affinity for T, and it is also bound to albumin. In normal women, the TeBG level is approximately double that of men. TeBG binds 78% of T, while albumin binds approximately 20% of T. Albumin has a lower affinity for T but has a larger binding capacity. In a study by Nisula and Dunn (689) total testosterone bound to albumin was 57.4% while the TeBG bound total T was 41.2%. These differences reflect different methods for characterization of testosterone binding to both albumin and TeBG. DHT and 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol (3α-diol), 5α-androstane-3β,l7β-diol (3β-diol) and E2 are also bound to TeBG. It appears that steroids with a l7β-hydroxyl group are tightly bound to TeBG (Table 3-1) (733).
Emmanuel Levinas: The Phenomenology of Sociality and the Ethics of Alterity

Born into a Jewish family in Lithuania in 1906, Levinas left in 1917 for the Ukraine, where he witnessed the Russian Revolution and its aftermath. In 1923, he moved to Strasbourg and became a student of philosophy at the university. He spent 1928 and 1929 studying under Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger at the University of Freiburg. After returning to France in 1930 Levinas published his dissertation, La theorie de l’intuition dans la phenomenologie de Husserl (THI). In it he acknowledged the importance of Husserl’s recognition of practical and axiological truths with a different ontological structure from theoretical truth (THI, 133). However, Levinas accepted Heidegger’s rejection of Husserl’s privileging of theory. The Heideggerian reading of Husserl in The Theory of Intuition came to dominate the French appropriation of phenomenology and established Levinas as one of the foremost exponents of phenomenology.
End of the Glacial Age

The country undergoing a process of sinking—The climate of New England a wet one—The polar zone at this time destitute of molluskan life—Gradual migration back to the north of its fauna—Lowest subsidence of the country—Leda shells on the coast of Maine, the first horizon of life after the glacial age - The marine clays indicate no drifting ice at the time of their deposit—Bones of a whale found in Bangor forty feet above the river—Speculation in regard to their deposit—Ancient coastline of Maine—The sea preserves what is committed to its keeping—The times of the Saxicava shells, the second horizon of life—Fossil shells found three hundred and fifty feet high in Penobscot Bay—Age of the raised beaches and terraces - Fossil bones of boreal animals found in Maine—Conclusions upon the matter—The glacial age slow in growth and departure.
Field Biology and Host Range of the Green Broomweed Looper, Narraga fimetaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), in Central Texas

Narraga fimetaria (Grote and Robinson) is the most common insect consuming the foliage of annual broomweed in central Texas. Broomweed and snakeweed are its only hosts. We reared larvae in the laboratory and collected them in the field on two annuals, Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Nutt. (common broomweed) and Gutierrezia texana (DC.) T.&G. (Texas broomweed), and two perennials, G. sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. and Rusby (broom snakeweed) and G. microcephala (DC.) Gray (threadleaf snakeweed). Four generations occurred in the field, and a generation required 31 to 33 days in midsummer. Adults from overwintering pupae emerged during April and May, and larvae were present on broomweed plants throughout the season until November. The highest population peaks in the field were only 0.37 and 0.61 larvae per plant in August and September, which caused no noticeable damage to the plants. Major parasites of larvae were Websteriana costalis (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tachinidae), Tetrasphaeropyx n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Euplectrus comstockii Howard (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae).
Systematic Study of Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of HCl(H2O)n Clusters from Semiempirical Replica Exchange Simulations

The structural and thermodynamic properties of HCl(H2O)n clusters with n = 4–10 are studied using Born–Oppenheimer replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations with the PM3-MAIS semiempirical Hamiltonian. Independently of the cluster size, the simulations predict that HCl exists in the dissociated form in all low-energy isomers. Different local structures are identified within the clusters due to the presence of the dissociated proton, including Zundel, Eigen, Eigen-like, H7O3+, and intermediate Zundel–Eigen configurations. As the cluster size increases, several groups of isomers are identified, whose relative stabilities vary as a function of temperature. A detailed analysis of the heat capacity indicates that the melting behavior of HCl(H2O)n clusters is strongly size-dependent. In particular, melting is observed in clusters with n = 7–10 in the temperature range T = 100–150 K. By contrast, melting is not observed in clusters with n = 4–6. Minimum energy structures for HCl(H2O)n clusters with n = 11–...
What does a woman want

Prejudice, intolerance and stigma are endemic in human interactions, and yet they can be relatively invisible. These “structural traumas” are often obscured by social convention such that environmental difficulties are experienced as internal deficits. Failing to recognize the ways patriarchy imposes itself can increase the divide between the lived experiences of reason and feeling and between conscious and unconscious ways of knowing. When basic human functions become gendered, disrespect for the more primary ways of knowing associated with feminine sensibilities become internalized. This internalized disrespect threatens to leave us disconnected from sensory aspects of awareness, including the affective signals that are crucial to social development. The simultaneous empowerment and denial of the power of structural trauma can exacerbate personal trauma. Embodying experience and bringing it into language helps patients, such as the one presented here in a clinical vignette, to demarcate both the structural and personal aspects of trauma.
Age changes in the mode of perceiving geometric forms

This experiment provides evidence that the order in which parts of a form are scanned changes in the preschool period. Geometric forms were constructed to have focal and distinguishing features, and the forms were presented tachistoscopically in two orientations. Recognition was enhanced in 3-yr.-old Ss when the form was oriented with the focal part at the top and the distinguishing feature at the bottom, whereas Ss about 5-yr.-old recognized the forms better when the distinguishing feature appeared at the top.
Epidemiological analysis of uric acid level in adults of Changzhou City

[Objective]To understand the incidence of hyperuricemia in different gender and age groups of Changzhou City.[Methods]Uric acid enzymatic method was adopted to detect uric acid levels of 1 748 people who received health examination. The serum uric acid level and the prevalence of hyperuricemia were compared between age groups( 18-45 years,45-60 years,60-79 years) and genders. [Results]The average concentration of uric acid was( 357. 00 ± 77. 94)μmol/L of male and246. 92 ± 63. 66 μmol / L of female,with significant difference( P 0. 01). Through age stratified analysis,the average concentration of uric acid of male was higher than that of female in each age group( P 0. 01). The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia was17. 8% and 5. 2% of male and female,with significant difference( P 0. 01). The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia of male was higher than female in 18-44 and 45-60 years age groups.( P18-44 0. 01; P45-59 0. 05). It was not significantly different between male and female in 60-79 years age group. χ2trend test showed prevalence of hyperuricemia decreased with age increasing in male,while for female it was on the contrary( P 0. 01). [Conclusion]The incidence of hyperuricemia shows a tendency toward young men who should be taken as key population for hyperuricemia prevention.
Fabrication and Properties of PLA Composites Toughened by SBS

The composites of poly(lactic acid)(PLA) toughened by styrene-butadiene block copolymer(SBS)were prepared via molten blending and compression molding.The effects of SBS contents were investigated on the morphologies,mechanical and thermal properties of composites.The results show that typical droplet-matrix morphologies of SBS/PLA composites were observed with well dispersed SBS particles in matrix and fine interfacial adhesion between SBS and PLA.The tensile strength and elastic modulus were decreased,however,the elongation at break and impact toughness of SBS/PLA composites were constantly increased with increasing SBS mass fraction within the range of research.The heat stability of SBS/PLA composites was greatly improved by the introduction of SBS with the evidence of thermo-decomposing temperature shifting to high temperature zone obviously.
Developing Opportunity for Xishuangbanna Tropocal Forest Tourism——Using the Experience of Hainan Tropocal Forest Tourism

This article analyzes opportunities and challenges of the tropical forest tourism development in Xishuangbanna Prefecture of Yunnan Province from the perspectives of global forest tourism development and the advantage status of Xishuangbanna.The authors point out that nowadays is a time for China's tourism market to be upgraded from a quantity type to a quality type.After studied the experience of Hainan Province's tropical forest tourism development,the authors suggest making a scientific rational plan on both tropical forest tourism resources and relevant tourism products,based on the unique local culture.A joint market promotion with Hainan is proposed in order to systematically introduce Chinese tropical forest tourism products to the domestic,uropean and American tourism markets.
Perceptions of Coercion in Plea Bargaining

This paper contains five new psychological studies analyzing lay perceptions of what constitutes coercion in the plea bargaining process. We investigate what an average citizen without particular legal or moral training thinks is appropriate, in contrast to plea bargaining laws and practices as they currently exist. We find that there is a base perception of coercion by prosecutors negotiating plea bargains. We also find specific factors in the prosecutor's behavior and the defendant's situation that make the plea bargaining process seem more coercive.
Evolutionary Modelling of Economic Change

This chapter provides an overview of the evolutionary economic theory which Sidney Winter and I have been developing, and describes several particular models. (For a more comprehensive treatment see our book, An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change (1982) (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press).
The fiscal externality of multifamily housing and its impact on the property tax: Evidence from cities and schools, 1980–2010

Abstract Negative fiscal externalities produced by apartments and other small housing units are commonly cited as the justification for many local land-use restrictions, such as minimum lot requirements and limits on multifamily developments. Because these laws effectively limit the number of small dwellings that can be built within a community, proponents argue that restrictions of this type help to guarantee that new homes will “pay for themselves” by discouraging free-riding behavior within a system of property tax funded local governments. Critics, however, have maintained that such policies constitute a veiled attempt by suburban communities at restricting entry for low-income families. Focusing on the clear distinction between housing units located in multifamily structures (i.e., apartments) and single-family homes, this paper finds strong evidence that residential per-capita values, measured as value per person and value per child, are actually higher for apartments, not single-family residences. Consequently, communities' effective property tax rates decline as apartments' share of the housing stock rises, holding all else equal. These findings are contrary to the set of assumptions that are often used to justify many of today's land-use restrictions and raise serious questions regarding the efficacy of modern fiscal zoning as a tool for promoting efficient fiscal federalism.
Characterization of Glancing-Angle–Deposited Magnesium Oxide Films

Glancing-angle-deposited MgO films are characterized using ellipsometry, scanning-electron microscopy, 351-nm photometry, and retardance mapping. Development of a quantitative model remains a challenge, with progress and empirical results reported.
Revisiting Transnationalism and Key Resources

This chapter emphasizes transnational and community resources on which refugee adults rely and explains how they use these resources to establish their own ethnic-based support networks.
Cardiovascular benefits associated with higher dietary K+ vs. lower dietary Na+: evidence from population and mechanistic studies

The World Health Organization ranks hypertension the leading global risk factor for disease, specifically, cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure (BP) is higher in Westernized populations consuming...
La circulación de lo impreso: públicos y publicidad en el semanario Marcha

AbstractEste articulo estudia la circulacion y el publico lector en el semanario Marcha concentrandose en algunos momentos de su historia. Primero, se subraya el rol central que tuvo el publico popular en el inicio de esta publicacion mediante el analisis del uso de la cultura visual y la seleccion de contenidos del semanario. En segundo lugar, se estudian los avisos publicitarios que pueblan Marcha a finales de los anos cincuenta. La creciente frecuencia de estos avisos y su inusual ubicacion en las paginas del semanario son exploradas como una respuesta parodica a la tension establecida entre las posibilidades comunicativas generadas por la mercantilizacion de la cultura de la imprenta y el deseo de Marcha por diseminar valores politicos de caracter antiimperialista y latinoamericanista. Estos avisos tambien subrayan la importancia de una audiencia compuesta por lectores no-intelectuales, lo que es mostrado como un elemento material clave del proyecto cultural del semanario uruguayo orientado a construi...
Avoiding Common Errors in the Emergency Department

Avoiding common errors in the emergency department , Avoiding common errors in the emergency department , کتابخانه مرکزی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران
Software Architecture for Distributed Data Acquisition and Control Systems

Abstract Distributed data acquisition and control systems are envisioned as the solution to objectives sought for a long time: reliable online systems which degrade gracefully. Critical applications however require a great deal of communication of both commands and data which in turn leads to distributed data bases and their attendant problems. The most critical software problem in such systems is error recovery because of the many modes of failure which may occur. Software architecture which leads to feasible distributed system error recovery is discussed, including atomic transactions, intention lists, and controlled data sets.
Distinct mouse chromosome 11 (human 17q) amplifications develop in mouse breast tumors induced by oncogenic ERBB2 or polyoma virus middle T antigen

1904 We investigated mouse breast tumors induced by expression of oncogenic ERBB2 or PyMT using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) to identify recurrent genome copy number aberrations and reveal cooperative secondary mutational events. We assessed 3 models in this study: 1) TM - contains an activated form of Erbb2 (Neu-NT) knocked into the endogenous mouse Erbb2 locus, 2) MT - expresses PyMT under control of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter, 3) DB - expresses a mutant variant of PyMT (Y315/322F) unable to activate PI3K, also under control of the MMTV promoter. Our studies using low resolution genome scanning arrays revealed the presence of high level chromosome 11 amplifications in the TM and DB models. This region is syntenic with human 17q21-25, a recurrently gained/amplified locus in human breast cancer. To investigate this locus further, we developed DNA microarrays containing a contig of BAC clones spanning the distal 30Mb of mouse chromosome 11, encompassing the ERBB2 oncogene. Assessment of TM, MT, and DB tumors revealed that the amplifications in the TM and DB models that were spatially distinct. A total of 17/20 TM tumors showed recurrent amplifications of the ERBB2 locus, which generally involved a single peak and encodes multiple genes. We defined a minimal 280kb common amplicon, nearly identical to that observed in human tumors. The conserved amplicon structure in mouse and human breast tumors suggests that multiple genes are co-selected and act in concert to drive tumor formation. In the Db model we observed high level amplifications in 8/16 tumors, ∼15-20Mb distal to the ERBB2 amplicon in TM tumors. Unlike the structured ERBB2 amplicon in the TM model, the Db amplicons were more genomically complex, often containing multiple peaks. These high level amplifications were not observed in Db hyperplasias (n=6) suggesting that they are involved in the hyperplastic to tumor switch in this model. Further, high level amplifications were not observed in PyMT induced tumors, suggesting that the amplified genes play a role in restoring important tumorigenic pathways (e.g. PI3K) and phenotypes (e.g. suppressed apoptosis) inactivated due to the Y315/322F mutation. To determine whether amplification results in over expression we quantitatively assessed mRNA expression levels of amplified genes Grb2 and Itgb4 relative to Gus using Taqman and correlated expression with genome copy number. Both genes showed strong correlations with Grb2 and Itgb4 respectively showing Pearson’s correlations of 0.86 and 0.72. Our results set the stage for detailed studies aimed at characterization of genes mapping to 17q21-25 (mouse chromosome 11) that are functionally important for breast tumor formation.
Impact statement: From the long-term care researcher perspective

The number of older adults with disabilities is expected to increase significantly over the next few decades as 76 million baby-boomers beginning to turn 65 in 2011 (Federal Interagency Forum on Ag...
O-023 A comparison of direct aspiration versus stent retriever as a first approach (compass): initial angiographic experience

Background and Objective Recently, multiple randomized trials have demonstrated that early endovascular recanalization of emergent large vessel occlusion results in better outcomes than medical therapy alone. However, the majority of patients in these studies were treated with a stent retriever as a first line approach to thrombectomy. COMPASS was designed to assess the viability of an alternate, aspiration first, approach to thrombectomy. Materials and Methods COMPASS is a multi-center prospective randomized trial of up to 270 patients designed to evaluate whether patients treated with a direct aspiration first pass (ADAPT) approach have non-inferior functional outcomes to those treated with a stent retriever as first-line (SRFL) approach. These data are expected by December of 2017. However, it is anticipated that initial angiographic reperfusion results will be available for presentation at the 2017 SNIS meeting. Results Angiographic results will be made available upon completion of enrollment. Conclusions Conclusions will be provided based upon the angiographic results presented. Disclosures J. Mocco: 1; C; Receives grant support from Penumbra to run this study. A. Siddiqui: 1; C; Receives grant support from Penumbra to run this study. A. Turk: 1; C; Receives grant support from Penumbra to run this trial.. C. Investigators: None.
Heterostructured TiO2@OC core@shell photocatalysts for highly efficient waste water treatment

In this exemplary study, commercial titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles (∼100–250 nm) were coated with a thin organic layer (OC) hydrothermally using different weight ratios of the TiO2 particles and glucose. The obtained heterostructured TiO2@OC core@shell particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopic analysis. Their photodegradation activity on the exemplary cationic methylene blue (MB) dye increased with certain starting weight ratios of TiO2 particles and glucose as measured under UV light at a wavelength of 365 nm. The possible reason for the increased photocatalytic activity (from hours to minutes) is that the organic coating layer allows fast adsorption and activation of the organic pollutant compound. Furthermore, adsorption kinetic studies demonstrated that the heterostructured TiO2@OC core@shell particles follow a pseudo-second-order rate model indicating a chemisorption process while the pristine TiO2 particles follow a pseudo-first-order rate model showing a physisorption process. Equilibrium studies showed that both pristine TiO2 and heterostructured TiO2@OC particles undergo a monolayer adsorption of the MB molecules by following the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. The thermodynamic properties of the reaction classified the degradation of the pollutant as an exothermic spontaneous reaction at 25 °C with decreasing entropy at higher temperature. Additional degradation analysis was effectuated using Red MX-5B as an example of anionic dyes. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that this facile coating of photocatalytic TiO2 particles with a thin organic layer is a promising method to increase their photocatalytic efficiency for water purification of both cationic and anionic contaminants. It is expected that this simple, scalable and cost-effective organic coating procedure could be applied for other photocatalysts.
Implicit ambivalence of significant others: Significant others trigger positive and negative evaluations

Despite the rich literature on implicit partner evaluations, there has been scant attention to a defining feature of significant other mental representations—their affective complexity. Recent findings (Zayas & Shoda, 2015), however, provide an empirical demonstration that significant others automatically and simultaneously activate positive and negative evaluations—a phenomenon we refer to as implicit ambivalence. A primary aim of this paper is to extend extant theory by elaborating on the features of the dyadic context that may contribute to the formation of implicit ambivalence. Particularly, drawing from research from relationship science, social cognition, and social neuroscience, we focus on the ability of significant others to dynamically and simultaneously confer rewards and threats, the attunement of perceivers to potential social rewards and social threats, and aspects of sense-making of another person's mind that may give rise to implicit ambivalence. From this new perspective, implicit ambivalence is not a pathological or rare state. Quite the opposite, implicit ambivalence may be a normative, typical process, that is triggered even by people who are highly positive in one's network. We identify future directions for social cognition and relationship science.
A brief peer gatekeeper suicide prevention training: Results of an open pilot trial

Objective The purpose of the present study was to test a 1-hour peer suicide gatekeeper training for students from the broad college community in the context of an open pilot trial. Method Two-hundred and thirty-one college students were recruited university-wide, Mage = 20.7, 65.4% female, and completed a peer suicide prevention gatekeeping training program. Assessments were completed at pre-training and post-training as well as 3-month follow-up. Results This brief peer suicide gatekeeper training program was associated with increases in suicide prevention knowledge. It was also associated with an increase in the number of students who identified suicidal youth and made mental health referrals, as well as total number of referrals made, over the course of three months. Females reported greater improvement in suicide prevention skills and knowledge post-training than males. Conclusions Offering peer suicide gatekeeper training to students from the general college population may hold promise in suicide prevention efforts.
Speaking through animals: Kawaiwete shamanism and metalingual play

Abstract Working from transcripts of Kawaiwete shamanic cures and myths, this paper looks at moments of referential play, situations in which animal terms are used to refer to humans and their physical states as well as moments when referential language is replaced by non-referential communication. As the Kawaiwete are a Tupian-speaking Brazilian indigenous people, their shamanic and myth performances offer a means of considering how a lowland people's language ideologies relate to the construction of ontology. Given that Amazonian or “Amerindian ontology” has been represented as the inverse of “the Western ontology,” and that a focus on reference is associated with “Western” language ideology, this emphasis on referential play and the creative manipulation of the metalingual function of language, is counterintuitive. This paper argues that these techniques are key ways the “perspectival” aspects of lowland cosmologies come to be summoned and experienced.
Slayers vs Slackers: An Examination of Users’ Competitive Differences in Gamified IT Platforms Based on Hedonic Motivation System Model

Competitive fitness environment platforms and technology rely on reward-based gamification, which can be traced back to customer loyalty programs started by the airline and hotel industry in the 1980’s. These reward systems use basic game elements of Badges, Levels/Leaderboards, Achievements, and Points (BLAP) to invoke intrinsic motivation. Reward-based gamifications are easy to implement and the application of such systems has been proven to be successful in adaptive learning of certain types of skills or encouraging the completion of routine tasks. However, implementing reward-based game elements without designing a meaningful experience tailored to the individuals’ characteristics or learning needs could lead to user boredom or disengagement over the long run. This research extends Hedonic Motivation System Model (HMSAM), which is specific system acceptance model based on cognitive absorption in a competitive fitness context, by examining the effect of users’ competitive and engagement characteristics. We propose that considering individual competitive differences as well as providing a meaningful immersive experience can enhance IS platform design and have practical results regarding enhancement of competitive fitness technology design in support of improved individual user performance and safety.
Wearable sensor suit system for quantifying human-spacesuit interactions

One major challenge in designing a spacesuit to safely accommodate its wearer is the inability to study interactions between the wearer and the suit. The current work presents requirements and a preliminary system design for a wearable sensor system capable of observing the dynamics and kinematics of human-spacesuit interaction, as well as characterizing wearer physiological responses and the suit environment during performance of suited tasks. The system will measure contact pressures, joint kinematics, temperature, humidity, and heart rate over most of the wearer's body, and accommodate anthropometries in the range between fifth percentile female to ninety-fifth percentile male in stature. Justifications for each requirement are presented, and applications of the system are discussed.
Using Podcasting to Address Nature-Deficit Disorder

This chapter focuses on the issues associated with the digital native student population and their disconnection with the natural world. This chapter also includes a description of a preservice teacher project aimed at using technology to encourage student connections with nature. Additional background is presented on the issues of the digital native student, nature-deficit disorder, and barriers of preparing teachers to teach environmental education. Integration of learning experiences in outdoor settings and podcasting were used at both the elementary and secondary levels to explore one method for addressing these issues.
Do Actions Speak Louder than Words? An Exploratory Study on CSR

This research investigates various firm motives for practicing corporate social responsibility (CSR). More precisely, it examines whether a firm's primary motive for undertaking CSR is related to the type of actions performed. Such exploratory research is overdue following more than 40 years of scholarly contention on the financial rewards of doing (and looking) good. By uncovering and measuring specific aspects of CSR, I offer an initial understanding of interactions within firm CSR operations. Theory on types of CSR have surfaced, yet empirical studies are few. In this research, I address this disparity by using original quantitative measures of both motive and type. The outcomes of this investigation challenge certain extant notions of CSR, while introducing a measure of objectivity in some long‐standing debates among scholars and corporate stakeholders.
Risk factors for colon location of cancer.

World-wide, humans developed 1,096,601 colon and 704,376 rectal cancers during 2018, accounting for 10% of all new cases of cancer (1). Additionally, 551,269 people died of colon cancer and another 310,394 people died of rectal cancer, accounting for 9% of total cancer deaths (1).
PRIVACY AND ITS TECHNICAL IMPLICATIONS ON SECURITY

The increased use of computers by government agencies and private organizations has prompted recent concern with the invasion of privacy. A large amount of information is being collected and disseminated without, always, the necessary concern for its relevance or reliability. Thus, there is an effort to control this situation. A definition of the right to privacy has been given in the 1973 HEW's report as follows: “the right of individuals to participate in decisions regarding the collection, use, and disclosure of information personally identifiable to that individual.” It is important to note that the individual does not have the sole right to determine the collection, use, and disclosure of the information.
Building Will and Capacity for Improvement in a Rural Research-Practice Partnership

This study addresses two questions: (1) In what ways and to what extent does a research-practice partnership (RPP) using improvement-science (IS) based processes and tools impact educators’ will and capacity to engage in improvement efforts? and (2) What effect does this RPP have on targeted student outcomes? The RPP highlighted in this research was comprised of university researchers, professional developers, and elementary and junior-senior high school improvement teams including school leaders, teachers, and support staff in the two component schools of a rural district. The study provides evidence that the RPP helped build a district-wide commitment to continuous improvement processes oriented to shared goals, mechanisms for teacher collaboration focused on school-wide improvement, and competence in using IS-based processes and tools. Variable needs for scaffolding of IS-based processes and tools were noted in the two schools with implications for future rural RPP implementation as well as educational improvement theory.
The mechanism of cofactor regeneration during phenylalanine hydroxylation

Although the ability of the liver to convert phenylalanine to tyrosine has been known since 19131, characterization of the components of the system did not begin until the mid 1950’s. Tetrahydrobiopterin was identified as the cofactor for the hydroxylase reaction2, which uses molecular oxygen as the source of the new hydroxyl group, Figure 1. It was first thought that only one other enzyme, dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR), was involved in the overall process. This converts the oxidized form of cofactor, a quinoid dihydropterin3, back to the starting tetrahydrobiopterin at the expense of NADH allowing cofactor to be used catalytically. The clinical symptoms of patients with a deficiency of DHPR have shown that cofactor regeneration is essential4.
American Cosmic: UFO's, Religion, Technology

I like to read books about UFOs. I also like to read books about space exploration, astrobiology, and speculations regarding microbial life within our solar system and intelligent life on exoplanet...
Materiality, Affect, and the Archive: The Possibility of Feminist Nostalgia in Contemporary Handkerchief Embroidery

This paper examines contemporary needlework on vintage handkerchiefs, identifying a new genre of feminist needlework and considering the ways in which these works reveal the possibility of a feminist nostalgia. These works complicate the dichotomy between simple embrace or disavowal of the value of historical needlework, both of which rely on the essentialized connection between needlework and normative femininity. Looking to the work of Leslee Nelson, Joetta Maue, Allison Manch, and Ke-Sook Lee, I argue that the materiality and history of the handkerchief form render it a mediating object, one that enables an affective and physical engagement with an unwritten archive of women’s labours and sentiments. The handkerchief provides contemporary needleworkers with a way of exploring the feminine legacy of embroidery in new ways, as the handkerchief form evokes its historical relationships with remembrance, exchange, coded communication, sexuality, embodiment, and the regulation and subversion of gendered norms. Through the medium of the handkerchief and process of embroidery, these makers engage with femininity as a historical substance, something repeated in performance and sedimented in material objects and gestures, and as an archive they can intervene upon and find themselves in relationship with.
Correlation between the accessory anterolateral talar facet, bone marrow edema, and tarsal coalitions.

The purposes of this study was to determine the prevalence of the accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF); to evaluate the relationship between AALTF, focal abutting bone marrow edema (FABME), and sinus tarsi edema; and to study the prevalence of tarsal coalitions in patients with the AALTF utilizing ankle MR images. 5-T ankle MR images were reviewed for the presence of AALTF, FABME, sinus tarsi edema, tarsal coalition, and location and type of coalition (cartilaginous, fibrous, and osseous). Multivariate analysis was performed to examine the correlation between AALTF and the other variables. Three hundred ninety-one consecutive patients were included (age range 5–86 years; mean age 45 years). An AALTF was present in 3.6% (14/391) of patients. The AALTF prevalence was 2% in women and 6.6% in men. There was a significantly association between AALTF and FABME (9/14, p < 0.05), sinus tarsi edema (13/14, p < 0.05), and tarsal coalition (4/14, p < 0.05). AALTF is relatively often detected on MRI of the ankle and significantly associated with BME, sinus tarsi edema, and subtalar coalition. Patients with a tarsal coalition should be evaluated for the concurrent presence of an AALTF.
Morse theory for the area functional

In this article we will discuss a Morse-theoretic existence result of closed minimal hypersurfaces based on the notion of volume spectrum.
Widefield imaging of retinal and choroidal tumors.

Wide-field imaging plays an increasingly important role in ocular oncology clinics. The purpose of this review is to describe the commonly used wide-field imaging devices and review conditions seen in ocular oncology clinic that underwent wide-field imaging as part of the multimodal evaluation. Wide-field or wide-angle imaging is defined as greater than 50° field of view. Modern devices can reach far beyond this reporting fields of view up to 267°, when utilizing montage features, with increasingly impressive resolution. Wide-field imaging modalities include fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), indocyanine angiography (ICG), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and recently wide-field OCT Angiography (OCTA). These imaging modalities are increasingly prevalent in practice. The wide-field systems include laser, optical, and lens based systems that are contact or non-contact lens systems each with its own benefits and drawbacks. The purpose of this review is to discuss commonly used wide-field imaging modalities for retinal and choroidal tumors and demonstrate the use of various widefield imaging modalities in select ocular oncology cases. Clinical examination remains the gold standard for the evaluation of choroidal and retinal tumors. Wide-field imaging plays an important role in ocular oncology for initial documentation, surgical planning, determining the relationship of the tumor to adjacent ocular structures, following tumor size after treatment, and monitoring for recurrence.