cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Using workplace experiences for learning about affect and creative problem solving: Piloting a four-stage model for management education

Abstract This article reports on the theoretical and empirical development of a four-stage model intended for developing management cognition in the area of creative problem solving that was piloted with a doctoral student who holds a managerial position in a college. Using a single subject case study design that employs experience sampling methodology, the models flips the order of the teach-then-assess approach: Stage 1 examined the student’s approach to solving problems at work through collecting two weeks of survey responses on her smartphone at work. Stage 2 scaffolded the student’s approach to creative problem solving with a focused discussion of research on the role affect plays in problem solving. Stage 3 gave the student time to reflect upon this research by journaling for five days, followed by a discussion with faculty members. Finally, Stage 4 repeated examining the student’s approach to problem solving through a survey on her smartphone and presented the student with an analysis of the two rounds of ESM data, and how it differed depending on solving a “new” versus “prevalent” problem (i.e., Stage 1 & Stage 4) and her journal entries. This time she derived new ways to solve organizational problems. Student data from these four stages is compared to extant literature and analyzing creative problem solving practices with real-time data collection methods is discussed.
Comodulation detection differences with multiple signal bands

Detection thresholds were determined for signals consisting of one, two, or five noise bands embedded in eight ‘‘cue’’ bands. All of the noise bands were 100 Hz wide. The center frequencies of the signal bands ranged from 1250–3250 Hz in 500‐Hz steps, and those of the cue bands ranged from 500–4000 Hz in 500‐Hz steps. The multiple‐band signals either all had the same temporal envelope, or all had different temporal envelopes. Similarly, the cue bands either all had the same temporal envelope or all had different temporal envelopes. In separate listening conditions, signal thresholds were determined for various combinations of the temporal envelope patterns of the signal and cue bands. The results were analyzed both in terms of differences in threshold across listening conditions, and in terms of changes in threshold within a listening condition, as the number of signal bands was increased. For both the single‐ and multiple‐band signals, performance was best when the signal band(s) had a different envelope from the common envelope of the cue bands, and performance was worst when either the cue bands all had different envelopes, or the signal and cue bands all shared the same envelope. The thresholds of the multiple‐band signals were better fitted by an independent‐thresholds model than by a statistical‐summation model. However, neither model predicted thresholds uniformly well in all listening conditions. The results are discussed in terms of both ‘‘within‐channel’’ and ‘‘across‐channel’’ models.
Fatal aortic rupture during percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty for valvular aortic stenosis

Abstract Recent reports have evaluated balloon valvuloplasty as a treatment for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are not good surgical candidates for valve replacement. 1–5 Procedure-related complications include bleeding after sheath removal, arterial damage requiring surgical repair at the arterial entry site, cerebral embolism and death secondary to insufficient valve dilation in a patient with marked left ventricular dysfunction and refractory pulmonary edema. 2–5 Disruption of the aorta during balloon valvuloplasty has not been a reported complication of this procedure. This complication was fatal in a patient during percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty.
Spectral Unmixing Imaging of Wavelength-Responsive Fluorescent Probes: An Application for the Real-Time Report of Amyloid Beta Species in Alzheimer’s Disease

Purpose The goal of the study was to investigate a method for the real-time assessment of a target concentration in vivo using a combination of a spectral unmixing technique and a fluorescent probe specific for amyloid beta (Aβ) species, the biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Modelling elbow equilibrium in the presence of co-contraction

A simple model representing the quasistatic behavior of skeleton muscle in which the force produced by the muscle is a bilinear function of the muscle length and the neural activation of the muscle is presented. Using two such muscles to represent the biceps and triceps, a biomechanical model of the elbow and forearm is developed. Predictions for the quasistatic maintenance of posture are given. The competence of this model is assessed on the basis of preliminary experimental data. >
Dual role of KATP channel C-terminal motif in membrane targeting and metabolic regulation

The coordinated sorting of ion channels to specific plasma membrane domains is necessary for excitable cell physiology. KATP channels, assembled from pore-forming (Kir6.x) and regulatory sulfonylurea receptor subunits, are critical electrical transducers of the metabolic state of excitable tissues, including skeletal and smooth muscle, heart, brain, kidney, and pancreas. Here we show that the C-terminal domain of Kir6.2 contains a motif conferring membrane targeting in primary excitable cells. Kir6.2 lacking this motif displays aberrant channel targeting due to loss of association with the membrane adapter ankyrin-B (AnkB). Moreover, we demonstrate that this Kir6.2 C-terminal AnkB-binding motif (ABM) serves a dual role in KATP channel trafficking and membrane metabolic regulation and dysfunction in these pathways results in human excitable cell disease. Thus, the KATP channel ABM serves as a previously unrecognized bifunctional touch-point for grading KATP channel gating and membrane targeting and may play a fundamental role in controlling excitable cell metabolic regulation.
Toward Understanding and Measuring Adaptation Level in the Context of the Roy Adaptation Model

The Roy adaptation model concepts of stimuli, coping mechanisms, and modes of adaptation have been translated into several middle-range concepts and measured using existing and new instruments. The concept of adaptation level, however, has rarely been used in Roy adaptation model-based research. This paper presents a description of how the Roy adaptation model concept of adaptation level was translated into the logically congruent middle-range theory concept of adjustment. A single-item instrument, the Adjustment Scale, is identified as one way to measure adjustment.
Quand le roi choisit sa favorite, les prétendantes grimacent. Formes d’intervention de l’État et structuration du champ associatif et philanthropique dans l’aide à la vieillesse en Suisse

La privatisation ou la delegation a des organisations privees d’un certain nombre de services ordinairement rendus par les collectivites publiques peut etre l’occasion d’une interrogation sur le fonctionnement de l’action etatique. Elle peut egalement etre l’occasion de reflechir, dans un renversement de questionnement, aux consequences de ces delegations ou de ces privatisations sur la structuration du champ de l’action associative. En effet, s’il y a transformation de l’action etatique, il y a egalement transformation du monde associatif du fait de ces delegations. A partir du cas de l’aide a la vieillesse en Suisse, nous voudrions faire l’hypothese que des lignes de clivage emergent, au sein du champ associatif, du fait de l’existence meme de ces delegations. Les subventions ou les contrats de prestations offrent en effet des ressources ou des rentes de situation a certains groupes et pas a d’autres. Ils contraignent pour une part leurs conditions de prise de parole et d’action, et sont des lors l’objet de remises en cause et de tensions.
Functional Effects of Two Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Mutations That Cause Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus Type 2

Two mutations that cause generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) have been identified previously in the SCN1A gene encoding the alpha subunit of the Na(v)1.1 voltage-gated sodium channel (Escayg et al., 2000). Both mutations change conserved residues in putative voltage-sensing S4 segments, T875M in domain II and R1648H in domain IV. Each mutation was cloned into the orthologous rat channel rNa(v)1.1, and the properties of the mutant channels were determined in the absence and presence of the beta1 subunit in Xenopus oocytes. Neither mutation significantly altered the voltage dependence of either activation or inactivation in the presence of the beta1 subunit. The most prominent effect of the T875M mutation was to enhance slow inactivation in the presence of beta1, with small effects on the kinetics of recovery from inactivation and use-dependent activity of the channel in both the presence and absence of the beta1 subunit. The most prominent effects of the R1648H mutation were to accelerate recovery from inactivation and decrease the use dependence of channel activity with and without the beta1 subunit. The DIV mutation would cause a phenotype of sodium channel hyperexcitability, whereas the DII mutation would cause a phenotype of sodium channel hypoexcitability, suggesting that either an increase or decrease in sodium channel activity can result in seizures.
Periodontal disease activity measured by the benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide test is associated with preterm births.

Background: Infection is a risk factor for preterm birth. This study was conducted in the field and addressed the link between periodontal pathogens measured with the benzoylDL-arginine-naphthylamide (BANA) test and preterm birth. Methods: This prospective study was performed in Changhua, Taiwan. Periodontal examinations included the plaque index, papillary bleeding scores, and measurement of the BANA enzyme in plaque samples at the second and third trimesters. Independent variables included maternal demographic characteristics, previous pregnancy histories, risk factors, plaque and gingivitis scores, and current pregnancy outcomes. Results: There were 19 (7%) preterm deliveries among the 268 subjects. A history of a previous preterm birth and low birth weight, frequency of prenatal visits, preterm uterine contractions, antepartum hemorrhages, placenta previae, and preterm premature rupture of membranes were significantly related to preterm birth (P = 0.035, 0.027, <0.001, 0.025, 0.006, 0.014, and <0.001, respectively). Maternal weight gain was higher with a normal term delivery (P = 0.003). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that the number of BANA-infected sites in the third trimester (odds ratio [OR]: 5.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 31.6), maternal weight gain (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65 to 0.91), antepartum hemorrhages (OR: 10.0; 95% CI: 2.2 to 46.9), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (OR: 12.6; 95% CI: 3.97 to 42.71) had significant influences on preterm-birth outcomes. Conclusions: BANA-positive plaque in the third trimester was associated with preterm births after controlling for other risk factors. The BANA test can be used to screen pregnant women at chairside and/or bedside to apply suitable intervention tactics. J Periodontol 2010;81:982-991.
Setaria viridis and Setaria italica, model genetic systems for the Panicoid grasses

Setaria italica and its wild ancestor Setaria viridis are diploid C(4) grasses with small genomes of ∼515 Mb. Both species have attributes that make them attractive as model systems. Setaria italica is a grain crop widely grown in Northern China and India that is closely related to the major food and feed crops maize and sorghum. A large collection of S. italica accessions are available and thus opportunities exist for association mapping and allele mining for novel variants that will have direct application in agriculture. Setaria viridis is the weedy relative of S. italica with many attributes suitable for genetic analyses including a small stature, rapid life cycle, and prolific seed production. Setaria sp. are morphologically similar to most of the Panicoideae grasses, including major biofuel feedstocks, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and Miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus). They are broadly distributed geographically and occupy diverse ecological niches. The cross-compatibility of S. italica and S. viridis also suggests that gene flow is likely between wild and domesticated accessions. In addition to serving as excellent models for C(4) photosynthesis, these grasses provide novel opportunities to study abiotic stress tolerance and as models for bioenergy feedstocks.
Protecting Paradise: a Cross-National Analysis of Biome-Protection Policies

Land protection policies such as creating and preserving national parks have been promoted to counter global threats to the environment and to conserve biodiversity. We know little, however, about ...
Development of Human-Murine Chimeric Immunoglobulin G for Use in the Serological Detection of Human Flavivirus and Alphavirus Antibodies

Diagnosis of human arboviral infections relies heavily on serological techniques such as the immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) and the indirect IgG ELISA. Broad application of these assays is hindered by the lack of standardized positive human control sera that react with a wide variety of flaviviruses (e.g., dengue, West Nile, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Saint Louis encephalitis, and Powassan viruses), or alphaviruses (e.g., Eastern equine encephalitis, Western equine encephalitis, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, and chikungunya viruses) that can cause human disease. We have created human-murine chimeric monoclonal antibodies (cMAbs) by combining the variable regions of flavivirus (6B6C-1) or alphavirus (1A4B-6) broadly cross-reactive murine MAbs (mMAbs) with the constant region of human IgG1. These cMAbs may be used as standardized reagents capable of replacing human infection-immune-positive control sera in indirect IgG ELISA for diagnosis of all human flaviviral or alphaviral infections. The IgG cMAbs secreted from plasmid-transformed Sp2/0-Ag14 cells had serological activity identical to that of the parent mMAbs, as measured by ELISA using multiple flaviviruses or alphaviruses.
Institutional isolation and crime: The mediating effect of disengaged youth on levels of crime

We propose that structural resource deprivation and a weak civic participatory culture foster institutional isolation among youth, which, in turn, elevates rates of crime. Robust institutional attachments are essential to mainstream cultural learning, the internalization of mainstream values, the development of local network ties, and pro-social behavior. Communities that fail to embed residents, particularly youth, within a conventional institutional framework are ill-equipped for concerted action and unable to defend community interest and solve common problems, including crime. Using county-level census data we identify a group of youth who are simultaneously disengaged from a wide swath of mainstream social institutions, those we term "floaters." Analyses of aggregate levels of homicide, aggravated assault, robbery, and burglary around 2000 offer strong support for a mediation model indicating that structural deprivation and a weak civic participatory culture increase the presence of floaters which, in turn, raises levels of violent and property crime. We discuss the implications of our findings. Language: en
Angular domain processing for MIMO wireless systems with non-uniform antenna arrays

Many works have proposed spatial channel models for MIMO applications in the 1 to 10 GHz band. However, attention has shifted to the 60 GHz regime where the opening up of the spectrum has created new opportunities for multi-antenna communications. With a broad focus on the 60 GHz regime, we revisit MIMO channel modeling in the classical setting and propose an angular domain decomposition of the channel in this work. In the special case of non-uniform linear arrays, this proposal corresponds to non-uniformly partitioning the angular domain commensurate with the non-uniformity structure of the arrays and estimating the channel gains in each partition with a multi-window spectral estimator. We show that the optimal choice of basis functions that minimize the worst-case bias of the spectral estimator are solutions to certain generalized eigenvalue problems. Based on this structure, we develop a spatial model that generalizes existing MIMO channel modeling paradigms.
Cu3(hexaiminotriphenylene)2: An Electrically Conductive 2D Metal–Organic Framework for Chemiresistive Sensing

The utility of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as functional materials in electronic devices has been limited to date by a lack of MOFs that display high electrical conductivity. Here, we report the synthesis of a new electrically conductive 2D MOF, Cu3(HITP)2 (HITP=2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene), which displays a bulk conductivity of 0.2 S cm−1 (pellet, two-point-probe). Devices synthesized by simple drop casting of Cu3(HITP)2 dispersions function as reversible chemiresistive sensors, capable of detecting sub-ppm levels of ammonia vapor. Comparison with the isostructural 2D MOF Ni3(HITP)2 shows that the copper sites are critical for ammonia sensing, indicating that rational design/synthesis can be used to tune the functional properties of conductive MOFs.
Time Spent Caregiving and Help Received by Spouses and Adult Children of Brain-Impaired Adults

Caregivers for brain-impaired adults differ in living arrangements, amount of time spent giving care, and assistance received from family and friends and from paid help depending on their kin relationship and employment status. Spousal caregivers devote large amounts of time to caregiving, and husbands spend no less time than wives. Most caregivers receive little assistance from other family members and friends, but husbands receive more than others. Employed spouses receive more paid help than those without jobs, but employment does not affect the amount of paid help received by adult daughters.
Improving the Table Boundary Detection in PDFs by Fixing the Sequence Error of the Sparse Lines

As the rapid growth of PDF documents, recognizing the document structure and components are useful for document storage, classification and retrieval. Table, a ubiquitous document component, becomes an important information source. Accurately detecting the table boundary plays a crucial role for many applications, e.g., the increasing demand on the table data search. Rather than converting PDFs to image or HTML and then processing with other techniques (e.g., OCR), extracting and analyzing texts from PDFs directly is easy and accurate. However, text extraction tools face a common problem: text sequence error. In this paper, we propose two algorithms to recover the sequence of extracted sparse lines, which improve the table content collection. The experimental results show the comparison of the performance of both algorithms, and demonstrate the effectiveness of text sequence recovering for the table boundary detection.
100G and Beyond Transmission Technologies for Evolving Optical Networks and Relevant Physical-Layer Issues

As 100-Gb/s digital coherent systems enter commercial deployment, an effort is underway to uncover the technologies that will enable the next-generation optical fiber communication systems. We envisage that future optical transport will be software-defined, enabling flexible allocation of bandwidth resources, with dynamically adjustable per-channel data rates based on instantaneous traffic demand and quality-of-service requirements, leading to unprecedented network agility. Software-defined transponders will have the programmability to adopt various modulation formats, coding rates, and the signal bandwidth based on the transmission distance and type of fiber. Digital signal processing will become increasingly ubiquitous and sophisticated, capable of compensating all types of channel impairments, enabling advanced forward error correction coding, and performing functions previously handled poorly by optical analog hardware such as spectrum shaping and demultiplexing of optical channels.
“Out of My Brother’s Power”: Gender, Class, and Rebellion in Wuthering Heights

As part of the move toward New Historicist scholarship in recent decades, literary criticism of Emily Bronte's novel Wuthering Heights has often sought to ground the text in contemporary historical events. Terry Eagleton, for example, in his 1995 Heathcliff and the Great Hunger, has.linked Wuthering Heights to the Great Irish Famine and concurrent political insurgency.^ This historicizing trend extends through Christopher Heywood's recent argument that the text participates in the anti-slavery discourse of early nineteenth century Britain.^ These critical works seek to demonstrate that, in Diane Long Hoeveler's words, "literary works are not produced in vacuums but are reflections ofthe author's life, culture, and ideological beliefs" (Introduction 7). Eagleton describes the character Heathcliff as an "insurrectionary" who rebels against his place in the social hierarchy. Heathcliff represents "revolution from below" and "condens[es] in his own person the various stages ofthe Irish revolution [ofthe 1840s]" (20, 19). In this article, I want to expand upon Eagleton's ideas, situating Wuthering Heights, not just in the revolutionary era of 1840s Ireland, but also in the England of that period—the site of industrial militance, massive Chartist demonstrations, socialist experimentation, and other forms of radicalism. Bronte's novel captures in a microcosm many aspects ofthe radical sociopolitical movements of this period, both metaphorically and literally disrupting dominant structures of power. The social movements and Wuthering Heights hoth suggest the need to reconfigure those structures. And while the revolutionary elements of the text are not ultimately successful in effecting significant
Initial Sintering with Constant Rates of Heating

Initial sintering of several materials was studied by measuring powder compact densification at constant rates of heating (CRH). The CRH technique was extremely sensitive to the particle size distribution and other characteristics of the compacts. Although the CRH method circumvents several problems encountered in isothermal studies, it cannot be used to identify the mechanism of diffusion. Using the method on carefully prepared alumina powder compacts and assuming a grain-boundary diffusion mechanism, an activation energy of 115±10 kcal/mol was obtained. Zirconia (yttria-stabilized) and titania also exhibited a single densification mechanism with diffusion coefficients which correlate well with values obtained by isothermal measurements.
Enabling Schema-Free XQuery with meaningful query focus

The widespread adoption of XML holds the promise that document structure can be exploited to specify precise database queries. However, users may have only a limited knowledge of the XML structure, and may be unable to produce a correct XQuery expression, especially in the context of a heterogeneous information collection. The default is to use keyword-based search and we are all too familiar with how difficult it is to obtain precise answers by these means. We seek to address these problems by introducing the notion of Meaningful Query Focus (MQF) for finding related nodes within an XML document. MQF enables users to take full advantage of the preciseness and efficiency of XQuery without requiring (perfect) knowledge of the document structure. Such a Schema-Free XQuery is potentially of value not just to casual users with partial knowledge of schema, but also to experts working in data integration or data evolution. In such a context, a schema-free query, once written, can be applied universally to multiple data sources that supply similar content under different schemas, and applied "forever" as these schemas evolve. Our experimental evaluation found that it is possible to express a wide variety of queries in a schema-free manner and efficiently retrieve correct results over a broad diversity of schemas. Furthermore, the evaluation of a schema-free query is not expensive: using a novel stack-based algorithm we developed for computing MQF, the overhead is from 1 to 4 times the execution time of an equivalent schema-aware query. The evaluation cost of schema-free queries can be further reduced by as much as 68% using a selectivity-based algorithm we develop to enable the integration of MQF operation into the query pipeline.
Retention of a cis Golgi protein requires polar residues on one face of a predicted alpha-helix in the transmembrane domain.

The first membrane-spanning domain (m1) of the model cis Golgi protein M (formerly called E1) from the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus is required for targeting to the Golgi complex. ...
Lipases and Carboxylesterases: Possible Roles in the Hepatic Utilization of Vitamin A

The formation and hydrolysis of retinyl esters are key processes in the metabolism of the fat-soluble micronutrient vitamin A. Long-chain acyl esters of retinol are the major chemical form of vitamin A (retinoid) stored in the body. Although retinyl esters are found in a variety of tissues and cell types, most of the total body retinoid is accounted for by the retinyl esters stored in the liver. Thus, these esters represent the major endogenous source of retinoid that can be delivered to peripheral tissues for conversion to biologically active forms. This paper summarizes the current state of our knowledge about the identity, function and regulation of the hepatic enzymes that are potentially involved in catalyzing the hydrolysis of retinyl esters. These enzymes include several known and characterized lipases and carboxylesterases.
Early intravenous cannulation in children during sevoflurane induction.

Summary Background : It has been shown that early placement of an intravenous line in children anesthetized with halothane is equally safe compared with later placement. Whether this is true of sevoflurane is not known. Methods : Pediatric patients, age 1–18 years, undergoing elective general anesthesia via an inhalation induction were randomized to intravenous placement either 30 or 120 s following loss of lid reflex. Movement on intravenous placement and incidence of laryngospasm were determined. Difficulty with intravenous placement was recorded. Results : Movement on intravenous placement was more prevalent in the early group than in the late group (P < 0.0001). There was no laryngospasm in the late group and eight cases in the early group (P < 0.004). Children who had laryngospasm were older (P < 0.02) and weighed more (P < 0.04). Older children in the early group were more likely to have significant movement. Conclusion : Following an inhalation induction with sevoflurane in children, movement with intravenous placement was greater, and the incidence of laryngospasm was higher, when the intravenous access was attempted 30 s rather than 120 s following loss of lid reflex. We recommend waiting two min following the loss of lid reflex before attempting intravenous placement in children receiving an inhalation induction with sevoflurane.
Inferring temporal patterns of preservation, origination, and extinction from taxonomic survivorship analysis

Apparent variation in rates of origination and extinction reflects the true temporal pattern of taxonomic rates as well as the distorting effects of incomplete and variable preservation, effects that are themselves exacerbated by true variation in taxonomic rates. Here I present an approach that can undo these distortions and thus permit estimates of true taxonomic rates, while providing estimates of preservation in the process. Standard survivorship probabilities are modified to incorporate variable taxonomic rates and rates of fossil recovery. Time series of these rates are explored by numerical optimization until the set of rates that best explains the observed data is found. If internal occurrences within stratigraphic ranges are available, or if temporal patterns of fossil recovery can otherwise be assumed, these constraints can be exploited, but they are by no means necessary. In its most general form, the approach requires no data other than first and last appearances. When tested against simulated data, the method is able to recover temporal patterns in rates of origination, extinction, and preservation. With empirical data, it yields estimates of preservation rate that agree with those obtained independently by tabulating internal occurrences within stratigraphic ranges. Moreover, when empirical occurrence data are artificially degraded, the method detects the resulting gaps in sampling and corrects taxonomic rates. Preliminary application to data on Paleozoic marine animals suggests that some features of the apparent record, such as the forward smearing of true origination events and the backward smearing of true extinction events, can be detected and corrected. Other features, such as the end-Ordovician extinction, may be fairly accurate at face value.
Specification of Functional Form in Models of Population Migration

A characteristic of the empirical literature on internal population migration is widely varying results and often conflicting conclusions regarding relative importance of explanatory factors. There are a number of possible explanations for these conflicting findings, some of which have received little attention in the literature. This paper focuses on one major specification issue in the context of an aggregate migration model: choice of functional form. The discussion lays out a theoretical basis for choosing functional form. It follows this with a comparison of empirical results for several functional forms. Statistical tests are used to choose the most appropriate functional form.
A novel approach to identify shared fragments in drugs and natural products

Fragment-based approaches have now become an important component of the drug discovery process. At the same time, pharmaceutical chemists are more often turning to the natural world and its extremely large and diverse collection of natural compounds to discover new leads that can potentially be turned into drugs. In this study we introduce and discuss a computational pipeline to automatically extract statistically overrepresented chemical fragments in therapeutic classes, and search for similar fragments in a large database of natural products. By systematically identifying enriched fragments in therapeutic groups, we are able to extract and focus on few fragments that are likely to be active or structurally important as scaffolds. We show that several therapeutic classes (including antibacterial, antineoplastic, and drugs active on the cardiovascular system, among others) have enriched fragments that are also found in many natural compounds. Further, our method is able to detect fragments shared by a drug and a natural product even when the global similarity between the two molecules is generally low. A further development of this computational pipeline is to help predict putative therapeutic activities of natural compounds, and to help identify novel leads for drug discovery.
Endothelin Receptor Antagonists and Acute Heart Failure Syndromes

As noted in the preceding chapters, the acute heart failure syndrome (AHFS) has been largely ignored until recently, despite its role as the primary hospital discharge diagnosis in 1million patients per year and accounting for over $14 billion in hospital costs in the United States alone.1 The therapeutic approach to these patients has remained essentially unchanged for decades, despite, or perhaps due to, the relative absence of clinical trial evidence. Recent surveys have demonstrated that with current therapy, patients admitted for AHFS have a 45% chance of readmission2 and a 20% to 40% risk of death in the following 6 months. Given these poor outcomes, the medical community is reevaluating the current therapeutic approach and searching for new therapies to treat patients with AHFS. One result of this reassessment of acute heart failure (AHF) has been the recognition of AHF as a vascular disorder and the need to develop therapies that can provide vascular protection. Endothelin receptor antagonists provide a potential novel approach to the treatment of AHF by addressing the underlying pathophysiologic abnormalities in this syndrome.
Modified Fibers from Regenerated Collagen

In a previous study, fibers were made from acid-soluble collagen coagulated in ammonium hydroxide solutions and cross-linked by glutaraldehyde1. The work is now extended to collagen modified by the addition of small amounts of methyl cellulose. Such fibers might be suitable as absorable sutures if the physical properties can be enhanced to a level competitive with silk and catgut2,3,.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH STATIN RE-INITIATION IN MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES: A CASE-CROSSOVER STUDY

Statin discontinuation is common after hospital discharge for a myocardial infarction (MI). It is also a major barrier to reducing recurrent cardiovascular events. We used a case-crossover study design to better understand factors associated with re-initiating statins following discontinuation. We
From Pedagogy to Practice: Adventures in Student Engagement

In each class we teach as gerontological educators, we confront the conveyance of our discipline’s tenants to our students. Regardless of whether our students are traditional/non-traditional, or un...
Survival time of HIV/AIDS victims and its influencing factors in Guigang City

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of the survival time of HIV/AIDS victims in Guigang City,Guangxi,and to explore its influencing factors. Methods The retrospective study recruited HIV infected persons and patients who were registered into AIDS prevention and control information system as of December 31,2013 and who were marked as local residents in accordance with their self-claimed addresses.Information of the death report cases were collected.Factors affecting the survival time of the HIV infected persons and patients were analyze with Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results Among the 2,855 death cases,274,274,385,407,567,648 and 300died in2000~2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012 and 2013respectively.The death age ranged from 0.17 to 96years,with an average of 56.71±17.10 years.The median survival time of all the death cases was 9months,and that of those with antivirus therapy and of those without were 18 months and 7months respectively,showing significant difference(P=0.000).Cox proportional hazard regression analysis indicated that the lag between confirmed diagnosis and onset of antiviral therapy,transmitting route and antiviral therapy were the main influencing factors of the survival time. Conclusions The median survival time of HIV/AIDS victims in Guigang City in 2000-2013 is 9months.The lag between confirmed diagnosis and onset of antiviral therapy,transmitting route and antiviral therapy are the main influencing factors.
Techniques of instrumentation in long fusions to the sacrum.

SUMMARY Arthrodesis of long segments of the spine to a sacrum may be necessary for a variety of pathologic conditions and indications. The surgery may be necessary for patients who have had prior surgery, had failure of fusion, or had degeneration above the area of prior fusion. Revi sion of prior surgeries, in which distraction instrumentation was used and resulted in flat-back deformity, remains a problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical stresses placed on the fixation devices and the boneimplant interface have resulted in development of improved techniques of fixation in the lower lumbar spine and the sacrum. This fixation always requires multiple levels of segmental spinal purchase. The type of purchase obtained is dependent on the design of the fixation, whether it is wire, hook, or screw, and the bone into which it is placed. The surgeon needs to understand the limitations of both the instrumentation and bone prior to proceeding with this demanding surgery. When so much emphasis is placed on instrumentation, a tendency exists to not pay enough attention to the most important part of the operation. This surgery is always an arthrodesis and an attempt to place the spine in a stable and balanced position. Meticulous surgical tech-niques for arthrodesis are required, or failure is likely to occur. If the spine is placed in an unbalanced situation and the fusion area is placed under tension, failure of fusion and, subsequently, of the instrumentation will occur. The understanding of these concepts and principles is more critical to the success of this type of surgery than the specific instrumentation used. Instrumentation will continue to change using different metallurgy and designs, but these principles and the goal of obtaining a solid arthrodesis and a balanced spine will never change.
SU-F-T-204: A Preliminary Approach of Reducing Contralateral Breast and Heart Dose in Left Sided Whole Breast Cancer Patients Utilizing Proton Beams

Purpose: To investigate the plan quality and feasibility of a hybrid plan utilizing proton and photon fields for superior coverage in the internal mammary (IM) and supraclavicular (S/C) regions while minimizing heart and contralateral breast dose for the left-sided whole breast cancer patient treatment. Methods: This preliminary study carried out on single left-sided intact breast patient involved IM and S/C nodes. The IM and S/C node fields of the 5-Field 3DCRT photon-electron base plan were replaced by two proton fields. These two along with two Field-in-Field tangential photon fields were optimized for comparable dose coverage. The treatment plans were done using Eclipse TPS for the total dose of 46Gy in 23 fractions with 95% of the prescription dose covering 95% of the RTOG PTV. The 3DCRT photon-electron and 4-Field photon-proton hybrid plans were compared for the PTV dose coverage as well as dose to OARs. Results: The overall RTOG PTV coverage for proton-hybrid and 3DCRT plan was comparable (95% of prescription dose covers 95% PTV volume). In proton-hybrid plan, 99% of IM volume received 100% dose whereas in 3DCRT only 77% received 100% dose. For S/C regions, 97% and 77% volume received 100% prescription dose in proton-hybrid and 3DCRT plans, respectively. The heart mean dose, V3Gy(%), and V5Gy(%) was 2.2Gy, 14.4%, 9.8% for proton-hybrid vs. 4.20 Gy, 21.5%, and 39% for 3DCRT plan, respectively. The maximum dose to the contralateral breast was 39.75Gy for proton-hybrid while 56.87Gy for 3DCRT plan. The mean total lung dose, V20Gy(%), and V30Gy(%) was 5.68Gy, 11.3%, 10.5% for proton-hybrid vs. 5.90Gy, 9.8%, 7.2% for 3DCRT, respectively. Conclusion: The protonhybrid plan can offer better dose coverage to the involved lymphatic tissues while lower doses to the heart and contralateral breast. More treatment plans are currently in progress before being implemented clinically.
Edge computing in the extreme and its applications

The notion of edge computing introduces new computing functions away from centralized locations and closer to the network edge and thus facilitating new applications and services. This enhanced computing paradigm is provides new opportunities to applications developers, not available otherwise. In this talk, I will discuss why placing computation functions at the extreme edge of our network infrastructure, i.e., in wireless Access Points and home set-top boxes, is particularly beneficial for a large class of emerging applications. I will discuss a specific approach, called ParaDrop, to implement such edge computing functionalities, and use examples from different domains -- smarter homes, sustainability, and intelligent transportation -- to illustrate the new opportunities around this concept.
6-DOF VR videos with a single 360-camera

Recent breakthroughs in consumer level virtual reality (VR) headsets are creating a growing user-base in demand for immersive, full 3D VR experiences. While monoscopic 360-videos are perhaps the most prevalent type of content for VR headsets, they lack 3D information and thus cannot be viewed with full 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF). We present an approach that addresses this limitation via a novel warping algorithm that can synthesize new views both with rotational and translational motion of the viewpoint. This enables the ability to perform VR playback of input monoscopic 360-videos files in full stereo with full 6-DOF of head motion. Our method synthesizes novel views for each eye in accordance with the 6-DOF motion of the headset. Our solution tailors standard structure-from-motion and dense reconstruction algorithms to work accurately for 360-videos and is optimized for GPUs to achieve VR frame rates (>120 fps). We demonstrate the effectiveness our approach on a variety of videos with interesting content.
OZONE DEPLETION AND RELATED TOPICS | Ozone as a UV Filter

Atmospheric ozone absorbs incoming solar radiation, where the attenuation is greatest in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum. The absorbing properties of ozone are expressed in values of the absorption cross section, and these provide the basis for computing the transmission of the Earth's atmosphere as a function of wavelength. As a consequence of attenuation by ozone, essentially no solar energy reaches the Earth's surface at wavelengths shorter than 295–300 nm, while ground-level radiation at wavelengths between 300 and 315 nm is sensitive to the ozone content of the atmosphere.
Parents' Insights on Their Perceptions of and Their Children's Experiences in a College Access Program

This report summarizes the findings of focus groups conducted with parents of former and current participants in the Princeton University Preparatory Program (PUPP), a college access and preparation program for low-income and high-achieving students attending public high schools in Princeton, New Jersey, and its surrounding communities. Conducted as part of the evaluation of PUPP by Educational Testing Service, the parent focus groups provided insights into the perceptions parents have of PUPP, its impacts on their children, and their suggestions for programmatic improvements. Findings suggest that parents perceived that PUPP prepared their children for academically rigorous environments and supported the development of their social–emotional skills. Parents also praised PUPP's assistance with the college and financial aid application processes but noted that their children continued to face financial challenges despite receiving sizeable aid packages. Overall, parents would like to see PUPP expanded to serve more students in more public high schools.
Is There a Body in This Text? Embodiment in Graphic Somatography

If the great advantage of the graphic memoir of illness and disability is that it features the body in the text, for greatest effectiveness—and affectiveness—the body ought to be recognizable as a ...
Non‐adherence to basal insulin among patients with type 2 diabetes in a US managed care population: Results from a patient survey

The aim of this study was to assess insulin non-adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) to better understand relationships between adherence, basal insulin (BI) usage, and patient experiences. A cross-sectional survey of patients with T2DM using BI was conducted. Adherence was measured by the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-Items (MMAS-8). Low adherence (LA) was defined as MMAS-8 score < 6, high adherence (HA) as MMAS-8 score = 8, and medium adherence as MMAS-8 score = 6 to < 8. Patients with MMAS-8 scores = 6 to < 8 were excluded from the analysis. Of 400 completed surveys, 395 patients (98.8%) completed all MMAS-8 items, 112 with LA, 134 with HA. Compared with HA patients, greater proportions of LA patients followed more complex BI dosing patterns (57.1% vs. 39.5%, P = 0.014), had some difficulty calculating their correct BI dose (40.2% vs. 6.8%, P < 0.001), reported having missed ≥1 dose per month (79.3% vs. 12.6%, P < 0.001), and temporarily stopped BI in the past year (23.2% vs. 0.7%, P < 0.001). In conclusion, understanding patients' experiences with BI therapy can help formulate strategies to improve adherence.
I was wrong

Apologies pervade our news headlines and our private affairs, but how should we evaluate these often vague and deceptive rituals? Discussing numerous examples from ancient and recent history, I Was Wrong: The Meanings of Apologies argues that we suffer from considerable confusion about the moral meanings and social functions of these complex interactions. Rather than asking whether a speech act “is or is not” an apology, Smith offers a nuanced theory of apologetic meaning. Smith leads us with a clear voice through a series of rich philosophical and interdisciplinary questions, arguing that apologies have evolved from a confluence of diverse cultural and religious practices that do not translate easily into pluralistic secular discourse. After describing several varieties of apologies between individuals, Smith turns to collectives. Although apologies from corporations, governments, and other groups can be profoundly significant, Smith guides readers to appreciate the kinds of meaning that collective apologies often do not convey and warns of the dangers of collective acts of contrition that allow individual wrongdoers to obscure their personal blame.
Identifying rogue taxa through reduced consensus: NP-Hardness and exact algorithms

A rogue taxon in a collection of phylogenetic trees is one whose position varies drastically from tree to tree. The presence of such taxa can greatly reduce the resolution of the consensus tree (e.g., the majority-rule or strict consensus) for a collection. The reduced consensus approach aims to identify and eliminate rogue taxa to produce more informative consensus trees. Given a collection of phylogenetic trees over the same leaf set, the goal is to find a set of taxa whose removal maximizes the number of internal edges in the consensus tree of the collection. We show that this problem is NP-hard for strict and majority-rule consensus. We give a polynomial-time algorithm for reduced strict consensus when the maximum degree of the strict consensus of the original trees is bounded. We describe exact integer linear programming formulations for computing reduced strict, majority and loose consensus trees. In experimental tests, our exact solutions improved over heuristic methods on several problem instances.