cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Possible involvement of the phospholipases in the mitogenic actions of prolactin (PRL) on Nb2 node lymphoma cells.

The possible role of the phospholipase enzymes in the prolactin stimulation of mi- togenesis in Nb2 node lymphoma cells was investigated. Two phospholipase inhibitors including quinacrine and a-para-dibromoacetophenone (BPB) were employed. Quinacrine at concentrations of 1-5 pM attenuated the magnitude of the PRL stimulation of cell division; at concentrations of 10 pM and above quinacrine abolished the PRL response. BPB at concentrations of 1-10 pM also inhibited the mitogenic effect of PRL in a concentration response fashion. The polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid partially reversed the inhibitory effects of these drugs. In further studies, exogenously added phospholipase C at concentrations of 5-50 ng/ml was found to potentiate the mitogenic effect of prolactin when prolactin was employed at a concentration that evoked a half- maximal response. By itself, however, phospholipase C had no effect on the rate of cell division. Phospholipase A2 either by itself or in the presence of prolactin was without effect. 0 1987 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Prolactin has receptors on a variety of cell types and is known to elicit a number of dif- ferent mitogenic and differentiative responses. In the mammary gland, prolactin stimulates both milk product formation and cell division (1). The molecular events involved in the ac- tions of prolactin following its receptor inter- actions are not completely understood. Our laboratory has been investigating the possible role of the phospholipases, specifically phos- pholipases A2 and C, during the initial recep- tor-generated events. Several years ago our
Control System of Composite Material Drawing Machine Based on PMAC and Fuzzy Self-regulation

This paper builds the control system of composite material drawing machine on the basic of PMAC controller.The software shows its function through several modules by applying Visual C++ development control software.The signal acquisition,signal filtering and human-computer interaction are allocated to separate threads and run in parallel which improves the operating efficiency of the system.PID parameter conducts self-regulation by means of fuzzy algorithm,which increases the static and dynamic performance of the system.
Monoclonal antibody pregnancy tests

Urine and serum monoclonal antibody pregnancy tests are easier to use than latex agglutination-inhibition slide tests. Their more selective binding properties allow detection of low levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the urine and serum. These tests approach the accuracy of serum beta-HCG radioimmunoassays for confirmation of normal pregnancy or evaluation of possible abnormal pregnancy.
Precision of Model Pacemakers

The focus of attention in this chapter will be upon precision of a pacemaker system. We begin with the type model defined in Chapter 5. This will be followed by consideration of many variants, including both modifications of the type model, achieved by changing the values of its parameters, and more extreme alterations, involving new sorts of parameters entirely. An examination of how and why these variations influence precision of the pacemaker system proves to be a convenient vehicle for exposing further details about internal functioning of models of this general class. It serves, in addition, to demonstrate that the type model is by no means an atypical example of its class. Comparable functioning of the models arises even with a wide range of parameter values and formulations, and no trick or “fine tuning” was involved in defining the type model. Finally, this chapter also provides the kind of background which guided me in the choice of parameter values for specific models, to be described subsequently, where the objective is to mimic particular details of the wake-sleep cycle observed of a given species of animal. The general objective here, then, is a further understanding of the pacemaker models, purely as model systems.
Application of parallel resonance fault current limiter for fault ride through capability augmentation of DFIG based wind farm

Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind generators are vulnerable to the grid faults, as their stator windings are directly connected to the grid. Fault ride through (FRT) capability of a wind farm is very important, as it is a common requirement by the grid codes practiced all over the world. In this work, to enhance the FRT capability of a DFIG based wind farm, the parallel resonance fault current limiter (PRFCL) is proposed. To check the effectiveness of the proposed PRFCL, its performance is compared with that of the bridge-type fault current limiter (BFCL). A three-phase-to-ground (3LG) fault was applied to one of the double circuit transmission lines at the wind farm connection point of the multi-machine system to investigate the FRT capability. Simulations were carried out in Matlab/Simulink environment. Simulation results show that the PRFCL is a very effective auxiliary device to achieve better FRT. Moreover, it was found that the PRFCL outperforms the BFCL.
Angiocentric Glioma Presenting With Gait Ataxia and Right-Sided Angling of the Head in a 5-Year-Old Girl

We present 5-year-old girl with no previous medical history who presented with gait ataxia and right-sided angling of the head of approximately 2-week duration. She underwent brain MRI scan which revealed hydrocephalus and a tectal tumor. Endoscopic biopsy with placement of 3rd ventricle ventriculostomy …
Who Can Sue Under the Fair Housing Act

The 1968 Fair Housing Act passage swept in an era of broad enforcement rights for those harmed by discriminatory housing practices. The Act has consistently been used by many types of plaintiffs to receive compensation for the harms, serving as a strong incentive for housing providers to follow the law. Recently there has been an uptick in cases questioning what types of plaintiffs the Fair Housing Act gives a cause of action culminating in a certiorari grant in Wells Fargo & Co. v. City of Miami, No. 15-1112. The case will be heard in October Term 2016 by the Supreme Court. This article proceeds by first detailing the animating forces behind the Act before turning to Supreme Court FHA statutory interpretation jurisprudence. Drawing from recent Supreme Court “zone of interest” statutory interpretation cases, the paper argues that all statutory interpretation roads lead to the same answer: those harmed by a discriminatory housing practice are granted a cause of action under the Act.
A technique for bisection of embryos to produce identical twins.

A successful technique for bisection of postcompaction-stage embryos has been devised that combines methods of micromanipulation developed by other workers. Several papers describe generally and in detail various equipment, microtools, and methods of negotiating the bisection of bovine and ovine embryos (6). Willadsen (4,5) used a fine glass needle to pene trate the zona pellucida and to sever the embryo against a holding pipette using a Wild M5 Stereozoom microscope. Ozil (3), using 6 micromanipulators, opened the zona pellucida with needles, ejected the embryo with medium from a suction pipette, then cut the embryo with a specially machined microscalpel. Needles were also used by Lambeth et al. (2) and Gatica et al. (1) to access the embryo and cut it against the bottom of a petri dish. Williams and Seidel (7) used a fine microsurgical blade for opening the zona pellucida and bisecting the embryo in a single step. These methods were attempted with various difficulties in our laboratory. Spatial visualization was difficult when attempting needle cutting against the holding pipette with a Leitz Diavert inverted microscope. The alternative microsurgical blade made a cut in the zona pellucida suitable for introducing a suction pipette, but the embryo tended to stick when the blade was made to cut completely through it. The blade approach was generally more favorable but only for the initial stage of cutting. A method was needed to finish cutting the embryo without the problem of sticking. The fine glass needle seemed suitable for this task, which could be accomplished against the floor of the petri dish after the embryo was gently removed from the zona by blowing in medium from the suction pipette. The resultant technique utilizes a holding pipette, a microsurgical blade for splitting the zona and embryo, and a suction pipette for withdrawing half a severed embryo and inserting it into an empty zona pellucida or for ejecting the semidivided embryo to the floor of the petri dish for completion of the separation with a fine glass needle. Since the blade and needle tools do not require a pressure line to a microinjection syringe, they are easily interchangeable, and only one holder is required for them. Only 2 micromanipulators are required with one single and one double holder for all 4 microtools.
Propaganda and Conflict: Theory and Evidence from the Rwandan Genocide

This paper investigates the impact of propaganda on participation in violent con- ict. I examine the eects of the infamous "hate radio" station Radio RTLM that called for the extermination of the Tutsi ethnic minority population before and dur- ing the 1994 Rwanda Genocide. I develop a model of participation in ethnic violence where radio broadcasts a noisy public signal about the value of violence. I then test the model's predictions using a nation-wide village-level dataset on radio coverage and prosecutions for genocide violence. To identify causal eects, I exploit arguably exoge- nous variation in radio coverage generated by hills in the line-of-sight between radio transmitters and villages. Consistent with the model under strategic complements in violence, Ind that Radio RTLM increased participation in violence, that the eects were decreasing in ethnic polarization, highly non-linear in radio coverage, and decreas- ing in literacy rates. Finally, the estimated eects are substantial. Complete village radio coverage increased violence by 65 to 77 percent, and a simple counter-factual calculation suggests that approximately 9 percent of the genocide, corresponding to at least 45 000 Tutsi deaths, can be explained by the radio station.
Quantifying comprehension gains after repeated listening by students of Spanish with different listening ability: an exploratory study

ABSTRACTRepeated listening—listening to a passage several times for content and information—is considered an effective strategy to improve listening comprehension, but so far, no study has reported how much understanding increases with each repetition. This study is exploratory in nature and analyzes quantitatively how much 48 students with different degrees of listening ability understand after each repeated listening. The study shows that although the amount of total comprehension relates to learners’ listening ability (low, medium, high), comprehension gains—new information understood after the first and second repetition—do not relate to learners’ listening ability. The data indicate that understanding increased at a similar rate after the first repetition, 14% more, and after the second repetition, 9.3% more, in the three groups. These results suggest that there is benefit in repeated listening and propose its use as an independent learning tool that works at different levels of listening ability.
Utility of preoperative meningioma consistency measurement with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE): a review

Meningioma consistency is a critical factor that influences preoperative planning for surgical resection. Recent studies have investigated the utility of preoperative magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) in predicting meningioma consistency. However, it is unclear whether existing methods are optimal for application to clinical practice. The results and conclusions of these studies are limited by their imaging acquisition methods, such as the use of a single MRE frequency and the use of shear modulus as the final measurement variable, rather than its storage and loss modulus components. In addition, existing studies do not account for the effects of cranial anatomy, which have been shown to significantly distort the MRE signal. Given the interaction of meningiomas with these anatomic structures and the lack of supporting evidence with more accurate imaging parameters, MRE may not yet be reliable for use in clinical practice.
Association of Testosterone Replacement Therapy and the Incidence of a Composite of Postoperative In-hospital Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Men Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery

Background:Whether patients on testosterone replacement therapy undergoing noncardiac surgery have an increased risk of postoperative in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular events remains unknown. We therefore sought to identify the impact of testosterone replacement on the incidence of a composit
Validation of the Professional Identity and Values Scale Among an Athletic Trainer Population.

Context: Forming a professional identity is a process by which an individual achieves an awareness of his or her own self-concept in the context of the profession. Identity in relation to an indiv...
Transfusion-transmitted malaria masquerading as sickle cell crisis with multisystem organ failure.

Background Fever accompanying vaso-occlusive crisis is a common presentation in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and carries a broad differential diagnosis. Here, we report a case of transfusion-transmitted malaria in a patient with SCD presenting with acute vaso-occlusive crisis and rapidly decompensating to multisystem organ failure (MSOF). Case report An 18-year-old African American male with SCD was admitted after multiple days of fever and severe generalized body pain. He received monthly blood transfusions as stroke prophylaxis. A source of infection was not readily identified, but treatment was initiated with continuous intravenous fluids and empiric antibiotics. The patient developed acute renal failure, acute hypoxic respiratory failure, and shock. He underwent red blood cell (RBC) exchange transfusion followed by therapeutic plasma exchange and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis. A manual peripheral blood smear revealed intraerythrocytic inclusions suggestive of Plasmodium, and molecular studies confirmed Plasmodium falciparum infection. Intravenous artesunate was given daily for 1 week. A look-back investigation involving two hospitals, multiple blood suppliers, and state and federal public health departments identified the source of malaria as a unit of RBCs transfused 2 weeks prior to admission. Conclusions Clinical suspicion for transfusion-related adverse events, including hemolytic transfusion reactions and transfusion-transmitted infections, should be high in typically and atypically immunocompromised patient populations (like SCD), especially those on chronic transfusion protocols. Manual blood smear review aids in the evaluation of patients with SCD presenting with severe vaso-occlusive crisis and MSOF and can alert clinicians to the need for initiating aggressive therapy like RBC exchange and artesunate therapy.
Outpatient Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: The UC San Diego Health Experience.

Abstract Introduction: Outpatient percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has been described for highly selected patients. We sought to assess the safety and feasibility of outpatient PCNL in a tertiar...
Role of Plant Volatiles in Host Plant Recognition by Listronotus maculicollis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

The annual bluegrass weevil (ABW), Listronotus maculicollis Kirby, is an economically important pest of short cut turfgrass. Annual bluegrass, Poa annua L., is the most preferred and suitable host for ABW oviposition, larval survival and development. We investigated the involvement of grass volatiles in ABW host plant preference under laboratory and field conditions. First, ovipositional and feeding preferences of ABW adults were studied in a sensory deprivation experiment. Clear evidence of involvement of olfaction in host recognition by ABW was demonstrated. Poa annua was preferred for oviposition over three bentgrasses, Agrostis spp., but weevils with blocked antennae did not exhibit significant preferences. ABW behavioral responses to volatiles emitted by Agrostis spp. and P. annua were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. Poa annua was attractive to ABW females and preferred to Agrostis spp. cultivars in Y-tube assays. Headspace volatiles emitted by P. annua and four cultivars of Agrostis stolonifera L. and two each of A. capillaris L. and A. canina L. were extracted, identified and compared. No P. annua specific volatiles were found, but Agrostis spp. tended to have larger quantities of terpenoids than P. annua. (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, phenyl ethyl alcohol and their combination were the most attractive compounds to ABW females in laboratory Y-tube assays. The combination of these compounds as a trap bait in field experiments attracted adults during the spring migration, but was ineffective once the adults were on the short-mown turfgrass. Hence, their usefulness for monitoring weevil populations needs further investigation.
Factor analysis in automated face detection: gender, occlusion, eyewear, brightness, contrast, and focus measure

Computer-based facial recognition algorithms exploit the unique characteristics of faces in images. However, in non-cooperative situations these unique characteristics are often disturbed. In this study, we examine the effect of six different factors on face detection in an unconstrained imaging environment: image brightness, image contrast, focus measure, eyewear, gender, and occlusion. The aim of this study is twofold: first, to quantify detection rates of conventional Haar cascade algorithms across these six factors; and second, to propose methods for automatically labeling datasets whose size prohibits manual labeling. First, we manually classify a uniquely challenging dataset comprising 9,688 images of passengers in vehicles acquired from a roadside camera system. Next, we quantify how each of the aforementioned factors affect face detection on this dataset. Of the six factors studied, occlusion had the most significant impact, resulting in a 54% decrease in detection rate between unoccluded and severely occluded faces in our unique dataset. Finally, we provide a methodology for data analytics of large datasets where manual labeling of the whole dataset is not possible.
Manufacturing system architecture for cost-effective mass-individualization

Abstract Globalization and social networks are dramatically changing the producer-buyer landscape. Consumers have an increasing desire to buy unique products that precisely reflect their individual preferences and needs. Therefore, approaching the era of mass-individualization in which Market-of-One products are manufactured economically is inevitable. This emerging paradigm brings engineering challenges in designing new manufacturing systems that produce large quantities of individualized products at relatively low cost. We propose a new manufacturing system architecture that satisfies the production requirement for the mass-individualization paradigm. In the proposed system, individualized products can be manufactured cost-effectively, making them affordable for the general public. Operational challenges of the proposed system are highlighted.
The renal kallikrein-kinin system in human and in experimental hypertension

The kallikrein-kinin system in the kidney is localized in the distal nephron, where it appears to be linked to processes that control water and electrolyte excretion. Some evidence exists that the effect of the renal kallikrein-kinin system is partially mediated by the release of prostaglandins. It has not yet been determined whether endogenous kinins affect the function of the nephron directly or indirectly by changes in renal blood flow distribution. Further, a number of studies in animals and humans indicates that kallikrein excretion is decreased in most types of hypertension, with the exception of hypertension caused by an excess of mineralocorticoids (where kallikrein is increased). In rats susceptible to the hypertensive effect of salt, kallikrein is conspicuously decreased. In renal diseases, urinary kallikrein excretion is also decreased. Finally, it still needs to be determined whether or not low kallikrein excretion is a pathogenetic factor in hypertension and renal diseases.
The Elephant That Became a Tiger 20 Years of Economic Reform in India

A foreign exchange crisis in 1991 induced India to abandon decades of inward-looking socialism and adopt economic reforms that have converted the once-lumbering elephant into the latest Asian tiger. India's gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate has averaged over 8 percent in the last decade, and per capita income has shot up from $300 to $1,700 in two decades. India is reaping a big demographic dividend just as China starts aging, so India could overtake China in growth in the next decade.When the reforms began in 1991, critics claimed that India would suffer a "lost decade" of growth as in African countries that supposedly followed the World Bank-IMF model in the 1980s. They warned that opening up would allow multinationals to crush Indian companies, while fiscal stringency would strangle social spending and safety nets, hitting poor people and regions. All of these dire predictions proved wrong. Indian businesses more than held their own, and many became multinationals themselves. Booming revenue from fast growth has financed record government spending on social sectors and safety nets, even if these areas are still dogged by massive corruption and waste. Still, poverty is down from 45.3 percent in fiscal year 1994 to 32 percent in fiscal year 2010, and the literacy rate is up from 52.2 percent to 74 percent in two decades, India's fastest improvement ever. Several of the poorest states have doubled or tripled their growth rates since 2004, and their wage rates have risen by over 50 percent in the last three years.However, India continues to be hampered by poor business conditions and misgovernance. Almost a quarter of Indian districts have recorded some sort of Maoist violence, and corruption is a major issue. India ranks very low on ease-of–doing-business indicators. Rigid labor laws prevent Indian companies from setting up large factories for labor-intensive exports, as in China. Both governance and economic reforms are needed, but progress on the former lags far behind, is thus more urgent, and can help sustain and promote economic reform.
Kinetics of Ion Pumps and Channels

Various ions, such as Ca2+, Na+, and K+, enter and exit a cell through selective ion pumps and channels, such as potassium channels, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-gated calcium channels, sodium/calcium exchangers, and plasma membrane (PM) calcium ATPases, as demonstrated in Fig. 6.1. Calcium ions Ca2+ enter the cytosol through store-operated channels (SOC) and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). The sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCA) pump Ca2+ from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Ca2+ in ER are released to the cytosol through the inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (IP3)- and Ca2+-mediated inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R). Ca2+ enter the mitochondrion through uniporters and exit through Ca2+/Na+ antiporters. Ca2+ exit the cytosol through plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPases (PMCA) and Ca2+/Na+ exchangers. Depletion of ER Ca2+ stores causes STIM1 to move to ER-PM junctions, bind to Orai1, and activate store-operated channels for Ca2+ entry [63]. Sodium ions Na+ enter the cytosol through sodium channels (NC) and Ca2+/Na+ exchangers, and exit through N+/K+ ATPases (NKA). Potassium ions K+ enter the cytosol through N+/K+ ATPases and exit through ATP-sensitive K+ channels (ATPKC), delayed rectifying K+ channels (DrKC), and calcium-activated K+ channels (CAKC). H+ ions in mitochondrion are ejected by the respiratory chain driven by the energy released from oxidation of NADP, which are produced from the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TAC, also called Krebs cycle).
Temperature-Dependent Nuclear Spin Relaxation Due to Paramagnetic Dopants Below 30 K: Relevance to DNP-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can increase nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal strengths by factors of 100 or more at low temperatures. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), signal enhancements from DNP potentially lead to enhancements in image resolution. However, the paramagnetic dopants required for DNP also reduce nuclear spin relaxation times, producing signal losses that may cancel the signal enhancements from DNP. Here we investigate the dependence of 1H NMR relaxation times, including T1ρ and T2, under conditions of Lee–Goldburg 1H–1H decoupling and pulsed spin locking, on temperature and dopant concentration in frozen solutions that contain the trinitroxide compound DOTOPA. We find that relaxation times become longer at temperatures below 10 K, where DOTOPA electron spins become strongly polarized at equilibrium in a 9.39 T magnetic field. We show that the dependences of relaxation times on temperature and DOTOPA concentration can be reproduced qualitatively (although not quantitatively) ...
Comprehensive Security Assurance Measures for Virtualized Server Environments

Virtualization is the dominant technology employed in enterprise data centers and those used for offering cloud computing services. This technology has resulted in what is called a virtualized infrastructure.
Excitation energy transfer in the far-red absorbing violaxanthin/vaucheriaxanthin chlorophyll a complex from the eustigmatophyte alga FP5

This work highlights spectroscopic investigations on a new representative of photosynthetic antenna complexes in the LHC family, a putative violaxanthin/vaucheriaxanthin chlorophyll a (VCP) antenna complex from a freshwater Eustigmatophyte alga FP5. A representative VCP-like complex, named as VCP-B3 was studied with both static and time-resolved spectroscopies with the aim of obtaining a deeper understanding of excitation energy migration within the pigment array of the complex. Compared to other VCP representatives, the absorption spectrum of the VCP-B3 is strongly altered in the range of the chlorophyll a Qy band, and is substantially red-shifted with the longest wavelength absorption band at 707 nm at 77 K. VCP-B3 shows a moderate xanthophyll-to-chlorophyll a efficiency of excitation energy transfer in the 50–60% range, 20–30% lower from comparable VCP complexes from other organisms. Transient absorption studies accompanied by detailed data fitting and simulations support the idea that the xanthophylls that occupy the central part of the complex, complementary to luteins in the LHCII, are violaxanthins. Target analysis suggests that the primary route of xanthophyll-to-chlorophyll a energy transfer occurs via the xanthophyll S1 state.
Biodegradable piezoelectric force sensor

Measuring vital physiological pressures is important for monitoring health status, preventing the buildup of dangerous internal forces in impaired organs, and enabling novel approaches of using mechanical stimulation for tissue regeneration. Pressure sensors are often required to be implanted and directly integrated with native soft biological systems. Therefore, the devices should be flexible and at the same time, biodegradable, to avoid invasive removal surgery that can damage directly-interfaced tissues. Despite recent achievements in degradable electronic devices, there is still a tremendous need to develop a force sensor which only relies on safe medical materials and requires no complex fabrication process to provide accurate information on important bio-physiological forces. Here, we present a new strategy for material processing, electromechanical analysis, device fabrication, and assessment of a new piezoelectric Poly-L-lactide (PLLA) polymer to create a biodegradable, biocompatible piezoelectric force-sensor which only employs medical materials used commonly in FDA-approved implants, for the monitoring of biological forces
Enhanced Condensation for Improved Energy Efficiency

Electrical power generation, air conditioning, electronics thermal management—these applications all rely on condensation. This issue of Joule features two articles on condensation: Boreyko and co-workers describe the effect of surface orientation on condensation on a superhydrophobic surface, and Varanasi and colleagues demonstrate a coating method that enhances condensation of organic fluids. These findings represent a significant step toward system-level efficiency improvements in energy-intensive applications.
Phase and Morphology Control of Magnesium Nanoparticles via Lithium Doping

We present experimental phase stability and particle morphology changes of metallic magnesium powders with the incorporation of lithium and gold as dopant and oxidation barrier coating, respectivel...
Analytical Verification of Effective Constitutive Parameter Increasing Using Metamaterial Inserts

We propose a concept to upgrade the constitutive parameters of a homogeneous magneto dielectric material. The concept is based on metamaterial inserts embedded in the magneto dielectric host material. This results in a hybrid composite material of higher permittivity and permeability than the original host material. In this paper, we verify the upgrading concept by using the Clausius-Mossotti equations, which describe the macroscopic response of the composite material in terms of the polarizabilities of the inserts. Sub-wavelength spheres made of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST), are considered as dielectric metamaterial inserts. The polarizabilities of a single sphere are derived using Mie theory. The constitutive parameters of the composite material are then calculated, showing the permittivity and permeability upgrading.
Music teachers' use of online video platforms (OVPs) in lesson design and instruction

portuguesO desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias e a popularidade da internet tem transformado nossos modos de ouvir, fazer e ensinar musica. Muitos professores de musica fazem uso da tecnologia em suas aulas de musica com o intuito de enriquecer as experiencias de seus alunos. No entanto, ainda ha poucos estudos sobre o uso da tecnologia na educacao musical, e, sobretudo, o uso de videos. Neste artigo, discutimos os resultados de um estudo exploratorio acerca do uso de plataformas digitais de video como YouTube, Vimeo, Panopto e Dailymotion, por professores de musica norte-americanos e em suas aulas. Atraves de um survey com 21 professores, nos investigamos: (1) a frequencia de uso de videos no planejamento e nas aulas de musica, (2) os tipos de videos utilizados por professors, (2) as caracteristicas dos videos utilizados em aulas de musica, e (4) se ha diferencas no uso de videos em aulas de musica por ano letivo e modalidade (orquestra, banda, coral, e musicalizacao). Os resultados do survey sugerem que os professores de musica usam plataformas digitais de video no planejamento e nas aulas de musica, acreditando que os videos tornam as aulas mais ricas e interessantes. Implicacoes para a educacao musical sao delineadas ao final do artigo. EnglishNew technological developments and the popularity of the internet have changed the ways that people learn, listen to, make and teach music. Many music teachers now use a variety of digital tools to enhance their students’ learning in the classroom. However, the use of technology in music education, and particularly videos, is still an under- researched area. This paper reports on an exploratory investigation of music teachers’ use of online video platforms (OVP) such as YouTube, Vimeo, Panopto, and Dailymotion in lesson design and instruction. Through an online survey with 21 American music teachers, we gauged: (1) the frequency of use of videos in lesson design and teaching, (2) types of videos used by teachers, (3) the qualities of videos that teachers used, and (4) whether there were differences in video usage between grade levels and modalities of their music class. Findings suggested that music teachers frequently used OVPs both when planning and instructing their lessons, believing that such uses would make their lessons more engaging. Implications for music education are outlined at the end of the report.
QTL-seq for identification of loci associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in squash.

Phytophthora capsici Leonian, the causal agent of foliar blight, root rot, fruit rot and crown rot syndromes in squash (Cucurbita moschata), is a devastating pathogen worldwide. Resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in University of Florida breeding line #394-1-27-12 (C. moschata) is conferred by three independent dominant genes (R1R2R3). Availability of DNA markers linked to R1R2R3 genes would allow efficient breeding for Phytophthora crown rot resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS). The goal of the current study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in an F2 population (n = 168) derived from a cross between #394-1-27-12 (R) and Butter Bush (S) using QTL-seq bulk segregant analysis. Whole-genome resequencing of the resistant (n = 20) and susceptible (n = 20) bulk segregants revealed ~900,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed across C. moschata genome. Three QTLs significantly (P < 0.05) associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot were detected on chromosome 4 (QtlPC-C04), 11 (QtlPC-C11) and 14 (QtlPC-C14). Several markers linked to these QTLs are potential targets for MAS against Phytophthora crown rot in C. moschata. The present study reports the first QTLs associated with Phytophthora crown rot resistance in C. moschata.
CHAPTER 4.2 – Convex Functions

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses convex functions. Any convex function can be taken to be lower semicontinuous, with some possible redefinitions on the boundary. The convex programming problem, which is to minimize a convex function f over a constraint set K, can be replaced, according to the Rockafellar–Fenchel theorem with the dual problem of maximizing the sum of the conjugate of f and the indicator function of the set K. A function can have a subdifferential at points where it cannot have a derivative in the sense of either Gateaux or Frechet. A convex function of a single real variable has numerous differentiability properties by virtue of its convexity. The derivative f '(xo) convex function is a continuous linear transformation only if the function f is continuous at xo. A Banach space is an Asplund space only if every separable closed subspace has a separable dual.
Galantamine-Memantine combination in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and beyond.

Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly population worldwide. Despite the major unmet clinical need, no new medications for the treatment of AD have been approved since 2003. Galantamine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is also a positive allosteric modulator at the α4β2 and α7nACh receptors. Memantine is an N-methyl- d -aspartate receptor modulator/agonist. Both galantamine and memantine are FDA-approved medications for the treatment of AD. The objective of this review is to highlight the potential of the galantamine-memantine combination to conduct randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in AD. Several studies have shown the combination to be effective. Neurodegenerative diseases involve multiple pathologies; therefore, combination treatment appears to be a rational approach. Although underutilized, the galantamine-memantine combination is the standard of care in the treatment of AD. Positive RCTs with the combination with concurrent improvement in symptoms and biomarkers may lead to FDA approval, which may lead to greater utilization of this combination in clinical practice.
Local convexity and weak topologies

Along with its norm topology every normed space possesses a second topology of great importance known as its weak topology.
Biosynthesis of Bacterial Glycogen X. THE KINETIC MECHANISM OF ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHOGLUCOSE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE FROM RHODOSPIRILLUM RUBRUM

Abstract Initial velocity kinetic studies of adenosine diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase from Rhodospirillum rubrum yield intersecting reciprocal plots indicating that the kinetic mechanism of this enzyme is sequential. ATP-pyrophosphate-32P isotope exchange at equilibrium studies indicate that the kinetic mechanism is of the ordered type, with ATP the first substrate to add to and ADP-glucose the last product to dissociate from the enzyme. The product inhibition pattern allows rejection of all known sequential kinetic mechanisms except the Theorell-Chance and the ordered bi bi mechanisms. A clear distinction between these two could not be made. However, some small intercept effects were obtained which could be taken as evidence for the existence of significant concentrations of the central transitory complexes and the kinetic constants obtained in the study also favored the ordered bi bi mechanism.
Efficient Lithium Metal Cycling over a Wide Range of Pressures from an Anion-Derived Solid-Electrolyte Interphase Framework

Advanced electrolytes were developed to improve the cyclability of lithium (Li) metal anodes, yet their working mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we study the Li cycling performance under different ...
A proton-responsive ligand becomes a dimetal linker for multisubstrate assembly via nitrate deoxygenation

A bidentate pyrazolylpyridine ligand (HL) was installed on divalent nickel to give [(HL)2Ni(NO3)]NO3. This compound reacts with a bis-silylated heterocycle, 1,4-bis-(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadiene (TMS2Pz) to simultaneously reduce one of the nitrate ligands and deprotonate one of the HL ligands, giving octahedral (HL)(L-)Ni(NO3). The mononitrate species formed is then further reacted with TMS2Pz to doubly deoxygenate nitrate and form [(L-)Ni(NO)]2, dimeric via bridging pyrazolate with bent nitrosyl ligands, representing a two-electron reduction of coordinated nitrate. Independent synthesis of a dimeric species [(L-)Ni(Br)]2 is reported and effectively assembles two metals with better atom economy.
Laparoscopic Paraesophageal Hernia Reduction with Two Point Fixation via Ponsky PEG Tube in a Patient in their early 90s.

Paraesphageal hernia (PEH) repairs have been historically controversial due to widely variable clinician opinions. However, there is little research regarding the use of PEH reduction and gastropexy via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Guidelines by the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons do advise that the use of gastropexy alone is a valid option in patients with high risk of morbidity and mortality, but is associated with high hernia recurrence rates. A male in his early 90s presented with a six-week history of dysphagia, regurgitation and a 30- pound weight loss. Imaging revealed a large PEH and the entire stomach within the thoracic cavity. Despite the patient's age and significant risk factors, it was determined that he required surgical intervention due to the severity of his symptoms. The safest course of action was reduction of PEH with two-point gastric fixation, rather than a prolonged repair of the hiatus or mesh implant. Due to the patient’s significant surgical risks, it was determined that the safest surgical approach would be laparoscopic reduction with dual gastropexy via PEG tube gastropexy. This approach was quick, without encroachment into the mediastinum and avoided any complications that mesh implantation could have posed. Gastropexy is a relatively simple technique with minimal tissue dissection that is tolerated well in elderly patients or those with decreased cardiac and pulmonary status. Regardless of the surgical PEH approach, there are inherent hernia recurrence rates
Two-Dimensional Computational and Physical Modeling of High-Speed Oil Spill Containment Booms

Abstract The main measure of response to aquatic oil spills is the mechanical containment and recovery from the water surface. The majority of containment booms are not effective when the relative ...
Multiple β-defensin genes are upregulated by the vitamin D pathway in cattle

Abstract Experimental models of bacterial and viral infections in cattle have suggested vitamin D has a role in innate immunity of cattle. The intracrine vitamin D pathway of bovine macrophages, however, has only been shown to activate a nitric oxide-mediated defense mechanism, as opposed to cathelicidin and β-defensin antimicrobial peptides in human macrophages. In this study we have investigated the actions of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25D) on a cluster of eleven bovine β-defensin genes on the basis of RNAseq data indicating they were targets of 1,25D in cattle. Treatment of bovine monocyte cultures with 1,25D (10 nM, 18 h) in the absence and presence of LPS stimulation increased the expression of bovine β-defensin 3 ( BNBD3 ), BNBD4, BNBD6, BNBD7, and BNBD10 genes 5 to 10-fold compared to control ( P 3 also increased BNBD3, BNBD4, BNBD7, and BNBD10 in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of monocytes with the protein translation inhibitor, cycloheximide, however, blocked upregulation of the β-defensins in response to 1,25D suggesting the β-defensins in cattle are not direct targets of the vitamin D receptor. Furthermore, preliminary investigation of vitamin D’s contribution to β-defensin expression in vivo revealed that intramammary 1,25D treatment of lactating cows increased BNBD7 expression in mammary macrophages. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that multiple β-defensin genes are upregulated by 1,25D in cattle, providing further indication that vitamin D contributes to bovine innate immunity.
Central Nervous System

Psychologists have a special interest in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the “gray matter,” that thin layer of neocortical cells only 2 to 5 mm deep in which our most highly developed capabilities reside. Our cerebral cortex allows us to hear, taste, smell, feel, and see. In addition, it puts all of these sensory inputs together in meaningful ways. This is where we “know” things and form our “thoughts.” Further, the neocortex allows for the most delicate control of our finest muscles, notably those in our hands, feet and face. And finally, the neocortex, particularly that part that is located in the very frontmost part of the brain, is where we make plans, contemplate the future, render judgments, set priorities, solve problems, and organize long sequences of behavior. It is little wonder, then, that the cerebral cortex, with all that it allows us to do, plays such a prominent role in our models of human behavior.
BUILDING COMMUNITY CAPACITY IN SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA

Asset Based Community Development (ABCD), a guide for building healthier communities, was used to promote positive change in a rural southwest Virginia community. This paper illustrates how community assets were recognized and social capital increased as children painted a mural depicting the history of the community. A literature review of successful community building partnership models is provided and implications for nursing education are discussed, including suggestions for teaching collaboration skills for effective community partnering.
Ecological specialization of Tubakia iowensis, and searching for variation in resistance to bur oak blight

Tubakia iowensis was recently recognized and described as the causative agent of bur oak blight. The pathogen causes vein necrosis and early season leaf death on Quercus macrocarpa (bur oak). Tubakia sp. B, an undescribed species, was isolated from bur oak and other oaks and was found to be morphologically indistinguishable from T. iowensis. In chapter 2, T. iowensis and Tubakia sp. B differed in causing a greater amount of necrosis on inoculated leaf blade tissue and in causing less petiole death and fewer conidiomata (pustules) after inoculation of expanding shoots. Both Tubakia spp. caused vein necrosis, but Tubakia sp. B was better at causing leaf spots, and T. iowensis was better at infecting petioles and preventing petiole abscission. Thus, T. iowensis appears to have a narrower ecological niche. Reports of bur oak blight appear to correspond with the geographic range of Q. macrocarpa var. oliviformis. However, even in the upland sites, there is substantial variation in symptom severity among trees within a stand. In chapter 3, seed sources were collected from within the geographic ranges of Q. macrocarpa var. oliviformis, Q. macrocarpa var. macrocarpa, and Q. macrocarpa var. depressa. Seedlings from blighted and healthy Q. macrocarpa trees also were inoculated to test the hypothesis that there is variation in resistance to bur oak blight. Greenhouse inoculations demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the number of symptomatic leaves or seedlings with petiole pustules among the different varieties of Q. macrocarpa. Seedlings from trees with bur oak blight showed no difference in production of petiole pustules when compared to seedlings from healthy trees in the same stand.
Thermo-sensitive polymers as on-off switches for drug release

Liberation de l'indomethacine contenue dans le copolymere N-isopropylacrylamide-methacrylate de butyle
Visualizing the operating range of a classification system

The performance of a classification system depends on the context in which it will be used, including the prevalence of the classes and the relative costs of different types of errors. Metrics such as accuracy are limited to the context in which the experiment was originally carried out, and metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic area--while independent of prevalence--do not provide a clear picture of the performance characteristics of the system over different contexts. Graphing a prevalence-specific metric such as F-measure or the relative cost of errors over a wide range of prevalence allows a visualization of the performance of the system and a comparison of systems in different contexts.
Microscale synthesis of 2,3:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-mannofuranose ('Diacetone Mannose')

Relatively few carbohydrate experiments have been reported for the microscale organic laboratory curriculum despite the considerable importance of these biomolecules. This article describes an experiment that encourages discussion of carbohydrate chemistry in terms of reaction mechanisms, conformational analysis, and spectroscopy. The specific experiment involves the preparation of the bis(acetonide) of D-(+)-mannose.