cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Trace metals in liver from bluefish, tautog and tilefish in relation to body length

Livers from bluefish, tilefish and tautog collected during the summer of 1971 off the New Jersey coast were analyzed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Liver ash from male and female tautog contained decreasing concentrations of Ni with increasing body length. Smaller males also contained greater levels of Cr and Cu in liver than larger tautogs. Larger tilefish contained proportionately more Cd, Cu, and Fe in liver than smaller tilefish. Decreasing levels of Mn and Zn with body length were apparent only for females. Livers from larger male bluefish were associated with higher concentrations of Fe than those from smaller males, while those from larger females contained lower concentrations of Cr than those from smaller females. The data suggest that future comparisons for trace metals which vary as a function of size be made only among fish of the same length.
Prognostic value of TP53 and K-ras-2 mutational analysis in stage III carcinoma of the colon.

Background Genetic mutations involving onccgenes and tumor-suppressor genes occur in carcinogenesis, and may affect biologic behavior of neoplasms. In this study, we analyzed the prognostic value of mutational analysis in Colon carcinoma. Patients and methods Archival pathology specimens from 70 consecutive patients, resected for stage III colon carcinoma, were analyzed for point mutations by amplification and direct sequencing of exons from the K- ras -2 and the TP53 genes (topographic genotyping). Mutations were compared with adverse histopathologic features (poor differentiation, vascular and lymphatic invasion, mucin production) as prognostic markers. Results Five-year survival was 75% in patients with nonmutated lesions, significantly lower (21%) with TP53 mutations ( P = 0.01), and intermediate with K- ras -2 only (45%) or both K- ras -2 and TP53 mutations (36%). A TP53 mutation carried the highest relative risk of death (2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 4.42; P = 0.006). There was an additive effect on the risk of death between TP53 mutations and adverse histopathologic features. Conclusions The information derived from mutational analysis is creating new prognostic variables that may play a role in the choice of therapy for colorectal carcinoma.
Design of an image analysis website for phenological and meteorological monitoring

Web camera image databases and web-based services can be valuable components for a variety of modelling applications, but are still areas of relatively new exploration. Investigating design and information flow for an online image archive and analysis site for plant phenology and meteorological research has broader relevance to considerations of interoperability and website features. Currently, numerous online weather cameras provide images, but have no or limited-utility archives and do not support quantitative image analysis. We describe the design and implementation of a website (http://zulu.geog.ucsb.edu/Data/camera.html) that both provides different display options for archived image review, as well as the ability to chart time-series values extracted for user-specified regions of interest. This interface is distinguished by content-enabled charts with the ability to click on data points and directly access the corresponding image for reference purposes. A linked website to the meteorological data from the camera station further extends the potential for exploratory analysis and pedagogical utility. Online quantification of the color change related to plant senescence and insolation impacts due to cloud cover are demonstrated. We conclude that dynamic web pages are a powerful and useful tool for adding educational and scientific value to repeat digital photography systems.
Genetic Control of Maize Shoot Apical Meristem Architecture

The shoot apical meristem contains a pool of undifferentiated stem cells and generates all above-ground organs of the plant. During vegetative growth, cells differentiate from the meristem to initiate leaves while the pool of meristematic cells is preserved; this balance is determined in part by genetic regulatory mechanisms. To assess vegetative meristem growth and genetic control in Zea mays, we investigated its morphology at multiple time points and identified three stages of growth. We measured meristem height, width, plastochron internode length, and associated traits from 86 individuals of the intermated B73 × Mo17 recombinant inbred line population. For meristem height-related traits, the parents exhibited markedly different phenotypes, with B73 being very tall, Mo17 short, and the population distributed between. In the outer cell layer, differences appeared to be related to number of cells rather than cell size. In contrast, B73 and Mo17 were similar in meristem width traits and plastochron internode length, with transgressive segregation in the population. Multiple loci (6−9 for each trait) were mapped, indicating meristem architecture is controlled by many regions; none of these coincided with previously described mutants impacting meristem development. Major loci for height and width explaining 16% and 19% of the variation were identified on chromosomes 5 and 8, respectively. Significant loci for related traits frequently coincided, whereas those for unrelated traits did not overlap. With the use of three near-isogenic lines, a locus explaining 16% of the parental variation in meristem height was validated. Published expression data were leveraged to identify candidate genes in significant regions.
Automatic Disassembly and Total Ordering in Three Dimensions

Generating a sequence of motions for removing components in a three-dimensional assembly, one at a time, is considered—the robot motion being strictly translational. We map the boundary representation of a given assembly to a tree structure called Disassembly Tree (DT). Traversing the DT in pre- and post-order yields a minimal sequence of operations for disassembly and assembly, respectively. In this paper, an assembly is classified by the logical complexity of its DT (an ordered graph whose nodes are components of the given assembly) and by the geometric complexity of the nodes in DT (in terms of the number of motions needed to remove a single component). Next, whether a component can be removed in one motion is described as a predicate. This predicate is then used in an algorithm for constructing the DT. For a class of assemblies that exhibit total ordering, the algorithm decides whether each component can be removed in a single motion, by constructing a DT in O(N log N) time, on the average, where N is the total number of mating faces in the assembly.
Complications in Hair-Restoration Surgery

Most complications associated with hair restoration are completely preventable and arise from variables that are directly controlled by the surgeon and the patient. Physicians who thoroughly grasp the nuances of modern surgical techniques and fully understand the physiologic dynamics of the balding process are least likely to generate a physician-controlled error. Highly motivated, well-educated patients who carefully follow instructions and take an active role in the postoperative recovery process minimize the chance of patient-controlled errors. This article discusses potential complications associated with surgical hair restoration, and the roles of the patient and physician in minimizing the risk of complications.
Optimal Action Extraction for Random Forests and Boosted Trees

Additive tree models (ATMs) are widely used for data mining and machine learning. Important examples of ATMs include random forest, adaboost (with decision trees as weak learners), and gradient boosted trees, and they are often referred to as the best off-the-shelf classifiers. Though capable of attaining high accuracy, ATMs are not well interpretable in the sense that they do not provide actionable knowledge for a given instance. This greatly limits the potential of ATMs on many applications such as medical prediction and business intelligence, where practitioners need suggestions on actions that can lead to desirable outcomes with minimum costs.To address this problem, we present a novel framework to post-process any ATM classifier to extract an optimal actionable plan that can change a given input to a desired class with a minimum cost. In particular, we prove the NP-hardness of the optimal action extraction problem for ATMs and formulate this problem in an integer linear programming formulation which can be efficiently solved by existing packages. We also empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework by conducting comprehensive experiments on challenging real-world datasets.
Whole-body vibration strengthening compared to traditional strengthening during physical therapy in individuals with total knee arthroplasty.

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the use of whole-body vibration (WBV) as an alternative strengthening regimen in the rehabilitation of individuals with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) compared with traditional progressive resistance exercise (TPRE). Individuals post TKA (WBV n = 8; TPRE n = 8) received physical therapy with WBV or with TPRE for 4 weeks. Primary dependent variables were knee extensor strength, quadriceps muscle activation, mobility, pain, and range of motion (ROM). There was a significant increase in knee extensor strength and improvements in mobility, as measured by maximal volitional isometric contraction and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), respectively, for both groups (p < 0.01). The WBV knee extensor strength improved 84.3% while TPRE increased 77.3%. TUG scores improved 31% in the WBV group and 32% for the TPRE group. There were no significant differences between groups for strength or muscle activation (Hotelling's T2 = 0.42, p = 0.80) or for mobility (F = 0.54; p = 0.66). No adverse ...
Remarks on J. langer and D. A. singer decomposition theorem for diffeomorphisms of the circle

We give a simple proof that allC4 diffeomorphisms of the torus can be factorized into a finite number of diffeomorphisms commuting with reflection.
Classification of hyperactivated spermatozoa using a robust minimum bounding square ratio algorithm

A method for automatically identifying and classifying hyperactivated spermatozoa trajectories is described. This physiologically-based computerized algorithm captures the motion behavior of sperm during hyperactivation. A novel Minimum Bounding Square Ratio (MBSR) algorithm classifies spermatoza as hyperactivated, transitional or progressive. Classification boundaries were established on selected trajectory data from a single stallion and then tested on random trajectories of sperm from other stallions. MBSR classified sperm in a robust and effective manner.
Continuous Wave Diode Laser Total Solid Sample Vaporization For Biological Sample Analysis—Lead in Bovine Liver

Abstract The potential of a 930 nm, 50 W continuous wave diode laser array as an efficient and compact solid sample vaporization tool was investigated. It was found that the power density of the focused laser output was not sufficient for ablation of metals, but vaporization of dry bovine liver powder was feasible. For convenience, a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer was utilized to test the analytical performance of the setup via furnace impaction/deposition. The direct deposition of the vaporized materials onto the inner wall of a graphite tube without a transfer tube was shown to have better precision than deposition in a hot furnace through a transfer tube. Theoretical calculations and the experimental relationship between gas flow rate and particle collection efficiency are reported. Experimental data obtained with two types of ablation cells, straight through and tangential flow, indicated that the flow pattern inside the cell did not play a major role in terms of analytical performance. Aqueous standard calibration with a matrix modifier was found to be satisfactory. Determination of lead in bovine liver (SRM1577a) was performed accurately with the diode laser vaporization–deposition setup. A lead mass detection limit of about 0.1 ng was achieved.
Use of a high-current accelerator (CWDD) for neutron radiography

The status of the physics and engineering databases in high-current accelerators, high-power target design, and neutron reaction rates is discussed. It is concluded that while accelerators are attractive, the necessary system tradeoff studies cannot be made reliably without additional research, particularly in target design and neutron production rates. Since the high-current continuous wave deuterium demonstrator (CWDD) being built at Argonne can play a key role in developing this database, a brief description of this accelerator is provided. >
Connected Matroids with Symmetric Tutte Polynomials

We show that connected matroids with symmetric Tutte polynomials are not necessarily self-dual; in fact, we construct matroids that are not self-dual, have arbitrarily high connectivity, and yet have symmetric Tutte polynomials.
Functions of Media Behaviors

A new unit of analysis, the Media Behavior Unit, is introduced to examine specific instances of newspaper reading, television viewing, and radio listening. The analytic unit views media behavior as a series of points in time, beginning with the desire that some function be fulfilled and ending with the actual behavior and fulfillment of functions. The media behavior unit is used to examine relationships at the situational level. Media behaviors are characterized as media-seeking (MS), where the individual moves toward the medium without regard to content, and as content-seeking (CS), where the movement is directed toward particular content found in a medium. The MS-CS distinction is used to test several situational hypotheses and to examine the degree of consistency within an individual's media use. A high degree of consistency was found for behavior within each medium, but little consistency was noted for behaviors across media.
NuMax: A Convex Approach for Learning Near-Isometric Linear Embeddings

We propose a novel framework for the deterministic construction of linear, near-isometric embeddings of a finite set of data points. Given a set of training points ${\cal X} \subset {\BBR}^N$ , we consider the secant set ${\cal S}({\cal X})$ that consists of all pairwise difference vectors of ${\cal X}$ , normalized to lie on the unit sphere. We formulate an affine rank minimization problem to construct a matrix $\Psi$ that preserves the norms of all the vectors in ${\cal S}({\cal X})$ up to a distortion parameter $\delta$ . While affine rank minimization is NP-hard, we show that this problem can be relaxed to a convex formulation that can be solved using a tractable semidefinite program (SDP). In order to enable scalability of our proposed SDP to very large-scale problems, we adopt a two-stage approach. First, in order to reduce compute time, we develop a novel algorithm based on the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) that we call Nuclear norm minimization with Max-norm constraints (NuMax) to solve the SDP. Second, we develop a greedy, approximate version of NuMax based on the column generation method commonly used to solve large-scale linear programs. We demonstrate that our framework is useful for a number of signal processing applications via a range of experiments on large-scale synthetic and real datasets.
Multi-frequency noise for LIC

We present a way to visualize a flow field using Line Integral Convolution (LIC) with a multi frequency noise texture. A broad range of feature sizes can enhance a user's perception of the magnitudes and direction of the flow. In addition, the multiple scales of feature size help a user clarify the motion of the flow in an animation.
Silicon: its manifold roles in plants

The title of this essay declares that silicon does have roles in plants and all participants in this conference know that that is so. This knowledge, however, is not shared by the general community of plant biologists, who largely ignore the element. This baffling contrast is based on two sets of experience. First, higher plants can grow to maturity in nutrient solutions formulated without silicon. That has led to the conventional wisdom that silicon is not an essential element, or nutrient, and thus can be disregarded. Second, the world's plants do not grow in the benign environment of solution culture in plant biological research establishments. They grow in the field, under conditions that are often anything but benign. It is there, in the real world with its manifold stressful features, that the silicon status of plants can make a huge difference in their performance. The stresses that silicon alleviates range all the way from biotic, including diseases and pests, to abiotic such as gravity and metal toxicities. Silicon performs its functions in two ways: by the polymerization of silicic acid leading to the formation of solid amorphous, hydrated silica, and by being instrumental in the formation of organic defence compounds through alteration of gene expression. The silicon nutrition of plants is not only scientifically intriguing but also important in a world where more food will have to be wrung from a finite area of land, for that will put crops under stress.
Work with Apple's Rhapsody Operating System which Allows Simultaneous UNIX Program Development, UNIX Program Execution, and PC Application Execution

Over the past decade, UNIX workstations have provided a very powerful program development environment. However, workstations are more expensive than PCs and Macintoshes and require a system manager for day-to-day tasks such as disk backup, adding users, and setting up print queues. Native commercial software for system maintenance and "PC applications" has been lacking under UNIX. Apple's new Rhapsody operating system puts the current MacOS on a NeXT UNIX foundation and adds an enhanced NeXTSTEP object oriented development environment called Yellow Box. Rhapsody simultaneously runs UNIX and commercial Macintosh applications such as word processing or spreadsheets. Thus a UNIX detector Monte Carlo can run for days in the background at the same time as a commercial word processing program. And commercial programs such as Dantz Retrospect are being made available to make disk backup easy under Rhapsody. Apple has announced that in 1999 they intend to be running Rhapsody, or MacOS X as it will be called in the commercial release, on all their newer computers. MacOS X may be of interest to those who have trouble hiring expert UNIX system managers; and to those who would prefer to have a single computer and operating system on their desktop that serves both the needs of UNIX program development and running commercial applications, simultaneously. We present our experiences running UNIX programs and Macintosh applications under the Rhapsody DR2 Developer Release.
Effect of environmental conditions on perceived psychological restorativeness of coastal parks

Abstract We investigated the hypothesis that perception of psychological restorativeness during visits to coastal parks is modified by objective and perceived environmental conditions. Visitors (n = 1153) to California beaches completed a survey on perceived weather, environmental quality, and perceived restorativeness. We used generalized ordinal logistic models to estimate the association between environmental parameters and odds of perceiving higher levels of restorativeness. Visitors perceived greater restorativeness at beaches when ambient temperatures were at or below mean monthly temperatures and during low tides. The odds of perceiving the environment as more psychologically restorative were three times greater when visiting on days defined by government policy as having good air quality (OR = 3.25; CI: 1.69–6.28). Visitors’ perception of air (OR = 1.56; CI: 1.14–2.18) and water quality (OR = 1.78; CI: 1.28–2.49) also affected perceived restorativeness; with perceived healthy days more restorative. Warmer temperatures with less space due to sea level rise and poor environmental quality will restrict restorative experiences in recreational facilities designed for urban populations.
Cross-cultural caregiving and the temporal dimension

The caregiving research literature has explored and documented findings from psychological, clinical, and policy/program perspectives, but little is known regarding the contextual perspectives of caregiving. Temporal factors influence the structure and functioning of the caregiving family. The proposed paradigm adaptation extends a contextual perspective that addresses the exploration of the caregiving process as a temporal, dynamic, progressive process over time, in which decisions made by caregivers may not always be based on observable tasks but, nevertheless, may have important consequences. When cultures cross, attitudes and behaviors are modified, resulting from contact with a different set of values and beliefs. Cross-cultural research aims to explore these changes that take place over time. Future research should consider the inclusion of measures that assess the temporal aspect of caregiving and the acculturation considerations of family caregivers. These measures are especially needed because of the increased influence of international migration, economic globalization, and political conflicts in today's multicultural societies.
Extension of the Children's Perceptions of Interparental Conflict Scale for use with late adolescents

Although many studies have documented an association between interparental conflict (IPC) and child outcomes, the relation of specific dimensions of conflict to the adjustment of offspring remains largely unexplored. The Children's Perceptions of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC) was developed by J. H. Grych, M. Seid, and F. D. Fincham (1992) to assess school-aged children's perceptions of several dimensions of IPC. The purpose of the current study was to examine the suitability of the CPIC for use with late adolescents. The factor structure of the CPIC dimensions and indexes of reliability and validity were examined in a sample of 215 participants 17 to 21 years old. The emergent factor structure closely resembled the factor structure found with the younger sample. The CPIC also demonstrated good reliability and external validity. Over the past several decades, empirical support has accumulated for the association between interparental conflict (IPC) and the adjustment of offspring in both divorced and intact families. Correlational and analogue studies have identified negative child outcomes in the areas of behavior problems, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, cognitive competence, and social skills (for reviews, see Amato & Keith, 1991; Emery, 1982; Grych & Fincham, 1990). Fincham (1994) recently drew a distinction between first-generation and second-generation research in this area. He suggested that firstgeneration research, which focuses on documenting the association between IPC and child adjustment and ruling out other variables that might mediate or moderate this association, has been extensive. On the other hand, secondgeneration research, aimed at explaining the mechanisms that may account for the association between IPC and child outcomes, has lagged behind. One of the issues highlighted by Fincham (1994) is the need to assess the rela
Study and characterization on the nanocomposite underfill for flip chip applications

The purpose of this paper is to achieve an indepth understanding of the effect of the filler size and surface treatment on material properties and therefore to design a nanocomposite formulation with desirable material properties for no-flow underfill applications. Mono-dispersed nanosilica filler of 100 nm in size were used in this study. An epoxy/anhydride mixture was used as the base resin formulation. The nanosilica fillers were incorporated into the resin mixture to different filler loadings from 5 wt% to 40 wt% with or without silane coupling agents as the surface treatment. Compared with micron-size silica, nanosilica did not interfere with the solder joint formation in the no-flow process, and it was transparent to visible light, which can benefit the flip chip assembly. Additionally, the CTE of nanosilica filled underfill was lower than that filled with micron silica at same loading level. However, nano-size filler also had some negative effects on the underfill materials due to large surface areas and interfacial interactions, including reducing the composite Tg, inhibiting the epoxy curing, extremely high viscosity at high loading level, high moisture absorption and low density. However, the results also showed that the compatibility between nanosilica and the epoxy matrix was greatly enhanced by silane modification of the nanosilica surface. Therefore, drawbacks caused by the incompatible interface between nanosilica and the epoxy matrix can be overcome.
Studies of the Polarimetric Covariance Matrix. Part I: Calibration Methodology

Abstract A procedure for calibration of the radar covariance matrix for the Colorado State University–University of Chicago–Illinois State Water Survey (CSU–CHILL) radar and S-Band Dual-Polarization Doppler Radar (S-Pol) systems is described. Two relative magnitudes and three offset phases are determined that allow for the calibrated covariance matrix to be constructed. Precise calibration of Zdr is accomplished with use of only sun calibration measurements and crosspolar power measurements from precipitation. No assumptions about the precipitation medium are made. It is also shown how to determine the co-to-cross phase offsets for the CSU–CHILL radar from precipitation data. A novel method for calculating linear depolarization ratio (LDR) that is effective in low signal-to-noise-ratio regions and that requires no knowledge of the background noise temperature is given. This technique utilizes the cross-to-cross covariances. CSU–CHILL data from the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Stud...
Towards Min-Cost Virtual Infrastructure Embedding

Cloud computing has emerged as a prevailing platform for internet service hosting. To best utilize Cloud resources for profit making, Cloud providers rely on intelligent resource allocation algorithms when provisioning the virtualized environments for tenant service hosting. Conventional resource allocation proposals mainly focus on efficient allocation of the computing and storage resources, with little effort on ensuring the network performance of tenant services. To address this issue, a number of recent efforts abstract tenant services in the form of virtual infrastructures for resource allocation. A virtual infrastructure specifies the tenant's demand of both the computing resources for hosting virtual servers, and the network bandwidth for inter-virtual server communications. With the problem of resource allocation for virtual infrastructures being NP-hard in general networks, heuristic algorithms have been proposed for this problem. In this paper, we propose a novel optimization technique, named sequential rounding, to tackle the resource allocation problem for virtual infrastructures. The proposed technique extends the rounding technique used for the traditional virtual network embedding problem, while minimizing mapping conflicts introduced by the virtual infrastructure embed- ding problem. Experiments show that our proposed algorithm outperforms existing algorithms regarding both the acceptance ratio and average embedding cost of virtual requests.
Anesthetic care and perioperative complications in children with Sanfilipo Syndrome Type A.

SummaryBackground Patients with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are generally considered high risk for anesthesia care, owing to disease-related factors. Sanfilippo syndrome type A (MPS IIIA) is the most frequently occurring MPS. Anesthesia-specific information for MPS IIIA is not readily available in the literature. Objectives To report post hoc analyses on anesthesia care and outcomes from a 2-year study of the natural history of patients with untreated MPS IIIA (NCT01047306). Methods Subjects were ≥1 year of age, developmental age ≥1 year, and without significant central nervous system impairment (other than that due to MPS IIIA) or issues that would preclude study procedures. Procedures requiring general anesthesia included brain/abdominal magnetic resonance imaging, lumbar puncture, and echocardiography. Sedation, intubation, and extubation procedures as well as postoperative airway problems were recorded at baseline and 6, 12, and 24 months of age. Results Twenty-five patients (baseline age, 13–220 months) received a total of 94 general anesthetics. Patients successfully received oral sedation prior to 76 of 94 anesthetics. No patients required airway intervention or oxygen supplementation during sedation. All anesthesia providers described facemask ventilation and endotracheal intubations as ‘easy’. All subjects were successfully extubated after completion of the procedures. No patients required reintubation. Six (24%) patients had episodes of postoperative airway problems: wheezing (7/94, 7.4%), croup (6/94, 6.4%), and laryngospasm (2/94, 2.1%). Conclusion We found no change in the modified Cormack–Lehane intubation grades in 25 Sanfilippo syndrome type A children over the 2-year study period.
Pratiques juridiques et idéologies langagières dans un tribunal non officiellement multilingue

Au Maroc, les tribunaux demeurent le Saint Graal des militants amazighs qui souhaitent la legitimation institutionnelle du tamazight (langue berbere ou langue amazighe) et cherchent a mettre fin aux discriminations linguistiques et a la domination arabe dans les administrations. Les pratiques juridiques en langue vernaculaire tamazight ne sont regies par aucune politique etatique officielle, et c’est plutot la langue arabe qui domine les affaires judiciaires. Pourtant, comme je le soutiens dans le present article, l’ « Etat » emploie des individus, en particulier des juges et des officiers d’etat civil, dont certains utilisent des varietes regionales de tamazight dans le cadre de leur travail, notamment pour enregistrer les mariages dans le cadre de tribunaux coutumiers ambulants, procedures qui ont fait l’objet de mes enquetes sur le terrain et d’entrevues. Les pratiques et les ideologies langagieres des juges meritent l’attention de quiconque souhaite etudier l’economie de la langue dans la politique marocaine, notamment en raison du statut eleve de ces representants de l’Etat et du respect dont ils sont aureoles. Le personnel juridique obeit aux necessites politiques en fonction de contraintes et de possibilites locales – notamment linguistiques – et, ce faisant, contribue a modeler l’ensemble des choix politiques en matiere de langue au Maroc.
912 CILIARY MORPHOLOGY AND CARDIAC MALROTATION

Kartagener's syndrome [situs inversus totalis (SIT), bronchiectasis and sinusitis] has been shown by others to have morphologically abnormal sperm tails and cilia, evidenced by absence of dynein arms. We used brush biopsies of the nasopharynx under local anesthesia for the study of ciliary morphology by EM in 9 patients with dextrocardia. Three of these have SIT and recurrent respiratory disease. One SIT lacks dynein arms and is a typical Kartagener's syndrome. A second SIT has abnormal (thickened and knobby) outer dynein arms in all cilia. This may be a new type of Kartagener's syndrome. The third SIT has normal dynein arms and some features of cystic fibrosis (CF), with intermittently elevated sweat sodium. The cultured fibroblasts of this patient do not show a CF-like response to ouabain, suggesting that this may not be CF. Of the 6 dextrocardiacs without SIT, all have normal dynein arms except one. In this patient (with L-TGA and without respiratory disease), the outer dynein arms are abnormally positioned in all cilia. We propose that dynein arm abnormalities may be an etiologic factor in a significant fraction of cardiac malrotations.
The Three Rs: Retribution, Revenge, and Reparation

Nearly all retributive theories of punishment adopt the following model. Punishments are justified when the wrongdoers receive the punishment they deserve. A deserved punishment is one that is proportionate to the offender’s culpability. Culpability has two components: (1) the severity of the wrong, and (2) the offender’s blameworthiness. The broader aim of this article is to outline an alternative retributivist model that directly involves the victim in the determination of the appropriate and just punishment. The narrower aim is to show that the methodology employed by Michael Moore (1997) in support of the standard retributive model in fact better supports this alternative model. Moore himself explicitly rejects the idea that victims can play a role in determining just punishments, because this would entail assigning different punishments to equally culpable offenders. When properly applied, however, Moore’s method for justifying retributivism results in an approach that directly involves the victim in the punishment process.
Infection situation and drug sensitivity analysis of mycoplasma,Chlamydia trachomatis,Neisseria gonorrhoeae in 2013 infertile women

Objective:To study the infection situation and drug sensitivity test of mycoplasma,chlamydia trachomatis,neisseria gonorrhoeae in infertile women in Ningbo.Methods: 2013 cases of infertile women were conducted examination of mycoplasma,chlamydia trachomatis,neisseria gonorrhoeae,and the drug sensitivity test was done for positive cases.Results: In 2013 cases of patients,921 cases were the positive patients,and positive rate was 45.75%,in which UU positive was 752 cases,UU+MH positive was 100 cases,MH positive was 39 cases,CT positive was 15 cases,CT+UU positive was 9 cases,CT+MH positive was 3 cases,CT+UU+MH positive was 2 cases,NG+UU positive was 1 case.The result of susceptibility test showed that the sensitive drugs to UU were Doxycycline,Josamycin,Erythromycin,Tetracycline,Azithromycin,Clarithromycin,Pristinamycin;The sensitive drugs to both MH and UU+MH were Doxycycline,Josamycin,Tetracycline,Pristinamycin.Conclusion: The detection rate of pathogens were relatively high in infertile women,it is important to select antibiotics according to the susceptibility test and the types of pathogens to prevent the production of antibiotic resistant strains.
Klotho/fibroblast growth factor 23- and PTH-independent estrogen receptor-α-mediated direct downregulation of NaPi-IIa by estrogen in the mouse kidney

Estrogen treatment causes renal phosphate (Pi) wasting and hypophosphatemia in rats and humans; however, the signaling mechanisms mediating this effect are still poorly understood. To determine the...
Acute renal failure in non-fulminant hepatitis A infection

SummaryA 7-year-old boy developed acute renal failure during the icteric phase of non-fulminant hepatitis A infection. He needed peritoneal dialysis for 3 days, which was followed by a rapid recovery in renal function which was normal when he was discharged 4 weeks later.
O05-1 Occupational iron exposures and pleural disease among minnesota taconite mining workers

Objective To examine the association between exposure to airborne iron and pleural disease among Minnesota taconite mining workers. Methods The goal of this study is to assess the association between exposure to airborne iron concentrations and pleural abnormalities in 1176 current and former workers employed in various operations in mining and processing of taconite (a low grade iron ore). Pleural abnormality, consistent with pneumoconiosis, was identified by consensus of two certified B-readers based on a single radiograph of the taconite workers. The workers’ cumulative exposure to airborne iron was estimated using 679 present-day and 17,083 historical exposure measurements along with area measurements that were combined with the workers’ employment histories. Cumulative exposures to respirable silica (RS) and elongated mineral particles (EMP) were also estimated using present-day and historical measurements. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between iron exposure and pleural abnormalities adjusting for possible confounders (EMP exposure, smoking status). Results Of the 1,176 participants 197 had pleural abnormalities. The averaged cumulative exposures to iron, RS, and EMP in the pleural abnormalities group were significantly higher than those in pleural normal group (Iron: 2.02 (mg/m³) × year vs 1.71 (mg/m³) × year; RS: 1.21 (mg/m³) × year vs 1.08 (mg/m³) × year; EMP: 3.9 (EMP/cc) × year vs 2.8 (EMP/cc) × year). The crude OR for Iron exposure was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.36) and 1.12 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.27) after adjusting for EMP exposure, age and BMI. Conclusions This study provides modest evidence that Iron exposure may play a role in the development of the pleural disease among taconite workers. Given the correlated multiple exposures in the taconite mine, the joint effect of Iron and EMP exposure warrants future investigation.
inseparabile nexu conjunctim – Ordnung der Welt in Brockes’ Irdischem Vergnügen in Gott

Brockes veroffentlicht den ersten Band seines Irdischen Vergnugens im Kontext extremer Spannungen in der Hamburger Gesellschaft, die zunehmend in verschiedene religiose und politische Gruppierungen zu zerfallen droht. Auf diese Destabilisierung antwortet der frisch erkorene Ratsherr mit einer Poesie des neuen Sehens, die die grundlegende Harmonie der Welt in Gott sichtbar machen soll. Unter den medialen Bedingungen der Lyrik werden fur alle Leser Sein und Schein, Wissen und Sehen, Vernunft und Sinne sowie Gott und Welt in ihrer Differenz und ihrem untrennbaren Zusammenschluss zugleich erfahrbar.
The New Community Policing: Developing a Partnership-Based Theoretical Foundation

This paper presents a Partnership Model of Community Policing based on Partnership concepts developed by Riane Eisler and undergirded by Cultural Transformation Theory as a guiding principle (1987, 2010, 2013). This model is more reflective of the daily lived experiences of community police officers. It is culturally relevant and based on the whole of the police officer’s relationship with the community within the context in which the interactions occur. This "New Community Policing" is an extension of Riane Eisler’s Cultural Transformation Theory and is an attempt to answer her call for a movement towards a partnership model of social organization. Ultimately, "8 Pillars of the New Community Policing" are developed to aid in defining and implementing community policing.
Global Governance of the Embedded Internet: The Urgency and the Policy Response

This paper addresses the need to bring the Internet of Things and associated technologies under a global policy regime, built on the newly independent ICANN, acting in an expanded capacity as a recognized non-territorial, multi-stakeholder-based, sovereign entity under agreed and transparent normative standards. The phrase “Internet governance” is highly contested over its technical, security, and sociopolitical aspects. Until recently, however, it had not been imagined to include networked devices with embedded intelligence, such as smart cars, smart watches, smart refrigerators, and a myriad of other devices. A rapidly emerging issue is how, if at all, the current global Internet governance regime relates to the emerging array of ubiquitous embedded information technologies which collect, store, process, learn from, and exploit information about all aspects of our lives. Does this call for a policy response? This is a non-trivial issue, as it binds together the Internet of Things, big data analytics, cloud computing, and machine learning/artificial intelligence into a single, integrated system. Each component raises policy issues, but the bigger challenge may be unintended adverse consequences arising from their synchronous operation. Because of the inherently global nature of the underlying network, which seeks to connect “everything to everything else,” it is important to give consideration to whether these developments should have a central point of global policy development, coordination, and oversight. This paper answers that question in the affirmative and, after reviewing multiple candidates which have been proposed, concludes that the emerging post-U.S. ICANN is most fit for that role. The authors believe it is important to keep the centers of technical and policy expertise together and efficiently available. The authors recognize that such governance is not a “singular system,” and that some issues, such as cybersecurity, may find other homes, perhaps even treaty-based. The paper further argues that “new” ICANN, largely formally severed from the U.S., and with a revised and expanded role for governments in its management, has a very strong claim for legitimacy and non-territorial sovereignty. On that basis, it may feel more secure in expanding the scope of its mandate – indeed, there will likely be considerable pressure to do so. Another critical factor is the uncertainty about the normative values that underpin, or in some cases undermine, global Internet governance. These values will continue to be contested, but there is already some broad acquiescence to general principles from the United Nations, which can form the basis for a transparent discussion in a multi-stakeholder venue about which norms and values are most appropriate to guide policy actions. Some of these policy alternatives are presented and discussed. This topic, and the approach to it, are novel in the respect that very little work has been done in this area. The paper builds on, and considerably extends, that work.
The Developmental Scientist's Companion: Improving Research Methodology and Achieving Professional Success

Written by one of developmental science's foremost methodologists, The Developmental Scientist's Companion provides an engaging and accessible guide to the scientific techniques that have been devised to investigate human development. Adopting an original approach to what can be a dry yet essential topic, Reznick enlivens his coverage of key issues in developmental methodology - measuring psychological phenomena, assessing reliability and validity, experimental design, interviews and surveys, data collection and analysis and interpreting research results - with discussion of his own experiences of those various techniques, gained over a substantial research career. The Companion concludes with practical tips for improving the field and navigating a path to professional success. Reznick's 'behind-the-scenes' view of empirical research and career progression, told with wit, wisdom and insight, is essential reading for students and young researchers launching their careers in developmental science.
TLR4 regulates insulin-resistant proteins to increase apoptosis in the mouse retina

Work in multiple organs has suggested that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may play a role in insulin resistance. Additional studies have shown a negative role for TLR4 on retinal health. We have previously reported that β-adrenergic receptors can regulate both TLR4 signal transduction, as well as insulin signaling in the retina and in retinal endothelial cells. Thus, we hypothesized that TLR4 would regulate retinal insulin signaling. We used endothelial cell-specific TLR4 knockout mice, as well as TLR4-overexpressing mice for these studies. Western blotting and ELISA analyses were done for investigations of insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) serine 307, and Akt phosphorylation, as well as cleaved caspase 3 levels in the mouse retina. We found that loss of TLR4 led to increased insulin receptor and Akt phosphorylation, as well as decreased IRS-1Ser307 levels. In support of these results, TLR4 overexpression decreased insulin signaling and the cleavage of caspase 3. Therefore, these results suggest that TLR4 plays a key role in insulin signaling in the retina. Reduction of TLR4 levels may be protective to the retina.
Of Salamanders and Spiny Mice: Common Features of Regeneration and Stem Cells

This review identifies the salient cellular and molecular features of regeneration of the skin and limbs of salamanders to see whether any of these features are in common with recent reports on the spiny mouse (Acomys), a mammal with some remarkable regenerative behavior. Other reports of mammalian regeneration are also highlighted. Mammals have classically been regarded as non-regenerating, but the regeneration of several embryonic and post-natal tissues as well as reports of adult skin and ear hole regeneration have recently been described. Common features of these regenerating systems and those of salamanders are discussed in terms of their immune systems, cytokine responses, matrix composition, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activation as well as the occurrence of blastemas in these diverse organisms. The common involvement of stem cells in regenerating systems is also addressed. Mammals may not have lost all their regenerative powers, and a more diverse approach across other new model systems may reveal surprising behavior such as that seen in Acomys, the spiny mouse. Mammalian regenerating tissues share many common features with the champions of regeneration, the salamanders.
Abstract 18367: Echocardiographic Assessment of Myocardial Wall Stress to Risk Stratify Patients With Heart Failure

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is the most common cause of rehospitalization in the US and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. These high rates were partly due to the lack of reliable predictors. Hypothesis: Left ventricular (LV) wall stress is one of the major factors that determine myocardial oxygen consumption and contribute to ventricular remodeling. It is directly proportional to LV wall tension and inversely proportion to LV wall thickness. The role of LV wall stress from echocardiogram and HF readmission has never been studied. Methods: We prospectively enrolled the study participants of age 18 or older who were admitted to Buffalo General Medical Center and whom echocardiography were ordered. Exclusion criteria were patients with severe valvular diseases and poor quality study. LV wall stress measurement was calculated according to Laplace’s equation from mid-cavity parasternal short axis view of transthoracic echocardiogram. The primary endpoints include 30 day readmission, 30 day and 1 year mortality which were abstracted from the electronic medical record and confirmed with follow up calls. Since there have been no established cut-points for LV wall stress, it was categorized to be high or low comparing to the mean from study participants. Results: The median of LV systolic and diastolic wall stress were 62.84 and 10.10 mmHg. There were 109 study participants enrolled in the study and currently 19 patients completed 1 year follow up. Between high and low systolic LV wall stress, there were no significant differences in 30 day readmission (20.41% vs 27.77% p-value 0.44) , 30 day mortality (2.00% vs 4.35% p-value 0.51) and 1 year mortality (30.00% vs 44.44% p-value 0.51). Between high and low diastolic LV wall stress, there were no significant differences in 30 day readmission (28.26% vs 16.67% p-value 0.19), 30 day mortality (4.17 % vs 2.33% p-value 0.62) and 1 year mortality (28.57% vs 33.33% p-value 0.85). Conclusions: High LV systolic and diastolic wall stress were not associated with 30 day readmission, 30 day and 1 year mortality; however higher 30 day readmission and mortality were observed in patients with high diastolic LV wall stress. Further study is needed to further advance our understanding of LV wall stress and readmission risk.
Brachial plexus birth injuries and current management

Newborns may sustain brachial plexus injuries during birth. During passage through the birth canal, forces can be exerted on the neck, putting undue stress on the brachial plexus. Most practitioners treat obstetric brachial plexus palsy conservatively, knowing that a large percentage of patients improve spontaneously, and that in the past, surgery did not produce reliable improvement over nonsurgical therapy. What has recently become apparent is that a finite therapeutic window of opportunity for surgical restoration of the upper extremity exists, and the key to obtaining optimal results depends on early, accurate diagnosis.