cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mozart as early music: a Romantic antidote

In this chapter, the author dwells at all on the successes of early music in interpreting Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. An imagined return to an 18th-century understanding of Mozart—as in early music's project of restoration—is therefore a return to a culture that essentially misunderstood him. As E. T. A. Hoffmann put it in 1810, 'only a deep Romantic spirit will completely recognize the Romantic depth of Mozart; only one equal to his creative fantasy, inspired by the spirit of his works will, like him, be permitted to express the highest values of art.' A performance style committed to a Romantic Mozart is therefore one that—putting it somewhat too simplistically—subordinates the 18th-century idea of a 'jolly good' entertainment to the 19th-century realm of musical metaphysics. As regards Mozart, it is relatively easy to distinguish between two receptions, one that greeted him in his lifetime and another that accompanied the shift in values shortly after his death.
Interactions of morphine and isoflurane in horses.

Objective—To quantitate dose- and time-related magnitudes of interactive effects of morphine (MOR) and isoflurane (ISO) in horses and to characterize pharmacokinetics of MOR in plasma and the venti...
On Non-Geostrophic Baroclinic Stability: Part II

Abstract The solutions of Eady's 1949 model of baroclinic stability are extended numerically to include the non-geostrophic perturbations which wore not covered by the analysis in Part I. It is found that the largest growth rates are never associated with these new perturbations, so the tentative conclusions of Part I are verified. The more exact numerical solutions lead only to slight quantitative modifications of the results of Part I. If we let Ri be the Richardson number, then the largest growth rates are associated with “geostrophic” baroclinic instability if Ri>0.950; with symmetric instability if ¼<Ri<0.950; and with Kelvin-Helmholtz instability if 0<Ri<¼. Geostrophic baroclinic instability and symmetric instability can exist simultaneously if 0.84<Ri<1, and symmetric instability and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability can exist simultaneously if 0<Ri<¼
Blogging Your PACS

Acquiring, implementing, and maintaining a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) is an enduring and complex endeavor. A large-scale project such as this requires efficient and effective communication among a large number of stakeholders, sharing of complex documentation, recording ideas, experiences, and events such as meetings, and project milestones to succeed. Often, mass-market technologies designed for other purposes can be used to solve specific complex problems in healthcare. In this case, we wanted to explore the role of popular weblogging or “blogging” software to meet our needs. We reviewed a number of well-known blog software packages and evaluated them based on a set of criteria. We looked at simplicity of installation, configuration, and management. We also wanted an intuitive, Web-based interface for end-users, low cost of ownership, use of open source software, and a secure forum for all PACS team members. We chose and implemented the Invision Power Board for two purposes: local PACS administrative purposes and for a national PACS users' group discussion. We conclude that off the shelf, state-of-the-art, mass-market software such as that used for the currently very popular purpose of weblogging or “blogging” can be very useful in managing the variety of communications necessary for the successful implementation of PACS.
CMS Software Validation Suite

An overview is given of the CMS Software Validation Suite, developed under the new software framework for the CMS experiment.
Melting inhibition and superheating of ice by an antifreeze glycopeptide

The melting of pure ice single crystals can be inhibited by the presence of an antifreeze glycopeptide isolated from an Antarctic fish. This inhibition effect exhibits crystallographic dependence and can result in superheating of the crystal by heat conduction across the ice-solution interface. The antifreeze molecules inhibit melting in a manner more or less symmetrical to their well-known effect of inhibiting freezing. The melting effect is best expressed at concave ice interfaces, whereas the freezing effect is best expressed at convex ones. Both are restricted to orientations near (1010) with the particular antifreeze that was used.
Chiral loop effects in the quenched scalar isovector meson propagator

Abstract The scalar isovector meson propagator is studied in quenched QCD. For the lightest quark masses used, this propagator is dominated by a quenched chiral loop effect associated with the η′-π two-meson intermediate state. Both the time dependence and the pion mass dependence of the effect are well-described by quenched chiral perturbation theory.
NO STRETCHING FREQUENCY AS A FUNCTION OF LIGAND BASICITY IN [NI(NO)(PHOSPHITE)3] BF4 COMPLEXES

Abstract In a recent paper we reported the first example of phosphite complexes of the type [Ni(NO)L3] +(L=P(OCH2)3CMe).1. In the present paper we report further examples of these cations wherein L = 1–8 and 10.
Speech characteristics of patients with pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration and their application to presymptomatic detection in at-risk relatives.

Purpose This report describes the speech characteristics of individuals with a neurodegenerative syndrome called pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration (PPND) and examines the speech samples of at-risk,...
Evidence of involvement of leptin and IL-6 peptides in the action of interferon-beta in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Leptin is a peptide hormone which acts on cells of immune system by influencing the production of cytokines. Serum leptin levels and cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were measured in 18 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients under IFN-beta-1b treatment. There were no overall effects on leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 and IL-12 p40 after 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment. However, leptin and IL-6 decreased after 6 and 12 months of treatment in 12 patients who did not show progression of disability. Thus, our pilot data show that the beneficial effect of IFN-beta on some SPMS patients might be associated with the reduced levels of leptin and reduced IL-6 production by PBMC.
Rutile-aqueous fluid partitioning of Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, U and Th: implications for high field strength element depletions in island-arc basalts

To assess the possible role of residual rutile in the retention of high field strength elements (HFSEs) during dehydration of a subducting slab we have measured rutile/aqueous fluid partition coefficients (Drutfl) for Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, U and Th at 1–2 GPa and 900–1100°C. Partition coefficients for Nb, Ta, Hf and Zr are all in excess of 100 at 900°C and 1.0 GPa and values become larger with increasing pressure or decreasing temperature. Partition coefficients for U6+ and Th are lower ( ∼ 2 and 2000 times, respectively) than those for the HFSEs, and trends in Drutfl) with ionic radius indicate that cations with a large radius (i.e., > 0.8 A), including U4+, will have partition coefficients < 1. Results indicate that rutile will therefore selectively deplete coexisting fluids in HFSEs relative to large ion lithophile elements (LILEs). Calculations using these partition coefficients show that only small amounts of residual rutile ( ∼ 0.2wt%) are required to prevent HFSE enrichment of the mantle wedge by fluids derived from either pelagic sediments or the basaltic portion of the subducting slab. In addition, the measured HFSE concentrations of rutiles from eclogite-facies oceanic gabbros from the Rocciavre Massif (Western Alps) indicate that fluids that may have equilibrated with such rocks are strongly depleted in HFSEs and therefore would have no capacity to alter the HFSE content of the subarc mantle. We conclude that fluids derived from slab dehydration can be sufficiently depleted in HFSEs that subsequent enrichment of these elements in the mantle wedge does not occur. Uncertainty still remains, however, with regard to the capacity of such fluids to achieve the necessary enrichments in LILEs inferred for the subarc mantle.
Developmental consequences of introduction of bromouracil into the DNA of sea urchin embryos during early division stages.

Abstract The exposure of sea urchin eggs and early cleavage stages to bromodeoxyuridine produces consistent abnormalities of development which are identifiable as early as the first blastula stages. It is demonstrated that the BUDR must be available at the time of DNA duplication in order for the effects to be produced, and it is concluded that the abnormalities result from a modification of the DNA itself by substituting BU for thymine. Development is typically abnormal if BU is introduced into the DNA at any time up to the 8-cell stage; the embryos develop into one of two types of persistent abnormal blastulae but do not gastrulate and do not form echinochrome pigments. If the BU is introduced between the 16-cell stage and a ca 100-cell stage, the abnormal blastulae are produced, but echinochrome production is seen. After the ca 100-cell stage, the embryos are relatively insensitive to the BU-substitution. The general observation is that the modification of DNA within very early stages, when it is thought to be inactive in sea urchin development, modifies developmental events whose visible initiation takes place much later.
Staged gamma knife radiosurgery for large cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Background: We present our experience over a 10-year period of staged radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) including patient outcomes and methods. Meth
Assessing residents' competence in psychotherapy.

Objective: This paper describes the development of a method for assessing resident competence in the five forms of psychotherapy specified in the program requirements for residency training in psychiatry. Method: Concomitant with the rise of evidence-based medicine. There has been a movement toward evidence-based training from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). In the year 2000, the Residency Review Committee (RRC) for psychiatry issued specific requirements for the assessment of residency competence competence in five forms of psychotherapy. This paper describes how a system of assessment was developed using “brainstorming” and the Delphi method to meet these requirements and gives examples of the assessment tools that were utilized. Conclusion: A simple system that does not overly tax limited faculty resources can be developed to meet the new RRC requirements.
Jovian electron propagation close to the sun /at about 0.5 AU/

On the basis of interplanetary electron flux measurements in the energy range 0.7-25 MeV made on the Mariner 10 spacecraft launched in 1973 for successive encounters with planet Mercury (R approximately equal 0.5 AU), it is shown that the dominant interplanetary flux of electrons close to the sun is Jovian in origin (except for times of solar flares) and that these observations are consistent with a three-dimensional diffusion-convection model which describes Jovian electron propagation in the outer solar system.
Excitation of ray oscillations in quasioptical dielectric cavities with whispering gallery modes

It is observed that ray oscillations may be excited together with whispering gallery modes in quasioptical dielectric cavities. It is shown that as the excitation conditions change, the fields of these oscillations gradually “split off” from the fields of the whispering gallery modes whose characteristics deteriorate. The angular spectrum of ray oscillations in dielectric cavities is determined.
From the Editors: Enhancing Marketing Theory in Academic Research

It may be easier to describe “what not to do” than it is to describe “what to do” when writing a conceptual or theoretical article. In this sense, the five “wrong way” signs may be of limited value. Nonetheless, it is our experience that quite a number of marketing manuscripts sometimes wander down one of these streets where strong theory is rarely present. We realize that some of our recommendations are difficult to implement. The reality is that good theoretical work is far more difficult to do and requires far greater creativity than most empirical research. This fact should not deter such efforts, and journals, includingJAMS, must work to nurture such scholarship, even in the face of a very high hurdle. Nonetheless, we believe that marketing theorists have made significant progress over the past 50 years, but, if the discipline is to play an important role in the social sciences and influence management practice, it must accelerate its efforts to create its own unique theories of markets and marketing phenomena.JAMS is a welcoming and nurturing place for such work.
Evaluating the accessibility of line graphs through textual summaries for visually impaired users

This paper presents the methodology for generating textual summaries of line graphs in the SIGHT (Summarizing Information GrapHics Textually) system and the evaluation of line graph summaries produced by SIGHT. The system is designed to deliver the high-level knowledge conveyed by informational graphics present in online popular media articles (newspaper and magazines) to individuals who do not have visual access to the image. It works by producing and delivering a concise summary of the graph's content including the most important visual features present in the graphic. The system is briefly described; the evaluation compares the utility of the generated textual summaries to visually viewing the graphic in order to answer important questions about the line graph.
Does your SEM really tell the truth? Part 2

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) has gone through a tremendous evolution to become indispensable for many and diverse scientific and industrial applications. The first paper in this series, discussed some of the issues related to signal generation in the SEM, instrument calibration, electron beam interactions and the need for physics-based modelling to understand the actual image formation mechanisms. All these were summed together in a discussion of how these issues effect measurements made with the instrument. This second paper discusses another major issue confronting the microscopist which is specimen contamination. Over the years, NIST has done a great deal of research into the issue of sample contamination and its removal and elimination and some of this work is reviewed and discussed here.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation from Grouped Poisson Data

Abstract In this article, sufficient conditions are given for the existence of a unique solution of the likelihood equation which results from a grouped data sample. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of a sequence defined by the method of successive approximations to this unique solution are also given. Finally, it is shown that when the groups from an underlying Poisson distribution are connected the method of successive approximations will converge to the unique solution of the resulting likelihood equation regardless of the starting value chosen provided that the sample is not concentrated entirely in either or both the first and last groups.
S-antigen-like protein in porcine ciliary epithelium

A soluble protein with a molecular weight of approximately 52,000 Da (from SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) was purified from porcine ciliary body, vitreous body and retina by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration, and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The protein has a higher molecular weight than bovine S-antigen which is a highly pathogenic retinal antigen, and was eluted from DEAE-cellulose at a slightly higher NaCl concentration than the concentration at which bovine S-antigen was eluted. By reaction with anti-bovine S-antigen polyclonal antibodies, the porcine protein and bovine S-antigen showed full immunological identity. Using a panel of five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against epitopes spanning the entire length of bovine S-antigen, the porcine protein was analyzed by the enzyme immunoassay and found to react with all MAbs except one that is specific for a species-specific epitope of bovine S-antigen. Immunocytochemical labeling of porcine ciliary body using all of the MAbs demonstrated that the 52,000-Da protein was primarily localized to the nonpigmented epithelial cells rather than the pigmented epithelial cells. Consistent with this localization, the 52,000-Da protein was synthesized by in vitro translation of mRNA extracted from the nonpigmented cells. When injected into Lewis rats, the porcine protein was found to be far less effective in inducing uveoretinitis than native bovine S-antigen.
Fire resistance simulation of loaded deck sandwich panel and deck-bulkhead assembly structures

Abstract In this study, fire resistance of a deck sandwich panel and deck-bulkhead assembly structures subject to service mechanical loads and to the action of fire is considered. The deck panel mid-span deflection was chosen as a criterion for the fire resistance assessment of both structures. Two simulation approaches were employed to determine the deck panel mid-span deflections. In the first approach, the GENOA progressive failure analysis software was used to evaluate the damage in the structure based on the equivalent temperature load profile predicted by thermal analysis. In the second approach, coupled thermal–progressive failure simulation was performed on the structure where the progressive failure analysis was invoked immediately after the temperature redistribution had been calculated for each time interval. In both approaches, the effect of fire on the bottom part of the deck panel was simulated through the application of surface heat fluxes to the bottom of the panel to calculate the equivalent temperature load required for the progressive failure analysis. The calculated mid-span deflection of the simply supported deck sandwich panel, after one-hour exposure to fire, correlated well with the experiment performed at Clemson University. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the mid-span deflection was significantly below the 2-ft deflection limit. In addition, the initiation and propagation of damage and fracture patterns over the deck structures were computed.
Path-averaged ocean measurements in the deep, stratified tidal channel of Hood Canal using acoustical scintillation

[1] Path-averaged current speed, effective refractive index fluctuations, and stratification measurements were made using high-frequency (67 kHz) acoustical scintillation measurements in the northern entrance to Hood Canal, Puget Sound, Washington. This experiment made use of a four-transmitter and four-receiver array configured in a T-shape; the two-dimensional feature of this array was designed to measure both along-channel small-scale properties as a result of advection and vertical properties as a result of acoustic refraction from temperature/salinity stratification. With long path lengths and stratified conditions, acoustic propagation resulted in multipath arrivals which were separable for most of the measurement period. A maximum likelihood estimation algorithm is developed that tracks both the direct path signal at approximately 25–30 m depth and the upward refracted signal into the near surface and calculates amplitude, phase, and travel time for each. The acoustical signals are then inverted to estimate path-averaged along-channel flow properties, turbulent effective refractive index levels, and changes in stratification. Along-channel flows approach 50 cm s−1, and the acoustic measurement agrees very well with a simple tidal model of the currents and shows some deviations from independent measurements during maximum flood tide. Current velocity contributions to the effective refractive index fluctuations are analyzed, and results indicate that both sound speed and velocity fluctuations contribute to the acoustic scattering. The vertical acoustic arrival angle to first order appears to be a sensitive indicator of small changes in stratification.
Incidence and risk factors influencing the development of vancomycin nephrotoxicity in children.

Objective To determine the incidence of vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity in children and to examine potential risk factors for nephrotoxicity, including average serum trough concentrations ≥ 15 mg/L. Study design Patients ≥ 1 week old to ≤ 19 years with normal baseline serum creatinine values who received vancomycin for ≥ 48 hours between December 2007 and April 2009 were retrospectively evaluated. Nephrotoxicity was defined as a serum creatinine increase of ≥ 0.5 mg/dL or ≥ 50% baseline increase over 2 days. Patients with average serum trough concentrations ≥ 15 mg/L were compared with a lower trough group. Results Nephrotoxicity occurred in 14% of 167 patients. More patients who attained high average (≥ 15 mg/L) rather than low average ( Conclusions Renal function and serum troughs in children receiving vancomycin, especially those with targeted troughs of ≥ 15 mg/L, in intensive care, and receiving furosemide, should be closely monitored.
Osteoarthritis and risk of falls, rates of bone loss, and osteoporotic fractures

Objective. To examine the association between osteoarthritis (OA), as defined by radiographic evidence and self report, and osteoporotic fractures, falls, and bone loss in a cohort of elderly white women. Methods. A cohort of 5,552 elderly women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures was followed up prospectively for a mean of 7.4 years. Self-reported, physician-diagnosed OA was recorded at interview, and radiologic OA of the hip and hand were defined from pelvis and hand radiographs obtained at baseline by validated techniques. Prevalent and incident vertebral fractures were detected by vertebral morphometry, and data on incident fractures and falls were collected by postcard surveys; fractures were confirmed by radiography. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured on 2 occasions at the hip, lumbar spine, and calcaneus, and rates of bone loss were calculated. Results. Women with radiographic hip OA had a reduced risk of recurrent falls in the first year (relative risk [RR] 0.7, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.5‐ 0.95). However, those with self-reported OA had an increased risk of falls (RR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2‐1.5). Radiographic hip OA was associated with reduced bone loss in the femoral neck compared with controls (mean 6 SD 20.29 6 0.09%/year versus 20.51 6 0.03%/year; P 5 0.018). However, radiographic hip OA showed nonsignificant trends toward increased bone loss at the calcaneus and lumbar spine. There was no significant association between self-reported OA or radiographic hand OA with bone loss. No definition of OA was associated with incident nonvertebral fracture, hip fracture, or vertebral fracture. Conclusion. Despite having increased BMD compared with controls, subjects with OA did not have a significantly reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture, although there was a trend toward a reduced risk of femoral neck fractures in subjects with severe radiographic OA. The failure of the observed increase in BMD to translate into a reduced fracture risk may be due, in part, to the number and type of falls sustained by subjects with OA. Patients with OA should not be considered to be at a lower risk of fracture than the general population. Physicians should be aware that a high BMD in patients with OA may be falsely reassuring.
Applications of non-uniform multi-Gabor expansions to time-frequency analysis

We present a non-uniform multi-Gabor expansion (MGE) algorithm in which multiple windows and their corresponding translations and modulations are used for signal analysis. Analysis windows of varying supports, each corresponding to a chosen scale of detail, decompose a signal using different translation and modulation parameters for each scale. Structural analysis of dual synthesis waveforms is provided. We show that synthesis waveforms can still be formed from translations and modulations of a set of basic dual windows at each scale. The use of different translation and modulation parameters at each scale allows for a more refined and concise time-frequency representation of the signal, while retaining the versatility of uniform MGEs in representing signal dynamics at many different scales. Examples of implementation and practical application will be presented.
The sustenance of teaching.

It was one of those rare lulls practitioners savor. Brief but refreshing. The piles could wait. The mood invited reflection. But then. Dr. C., I finished with my last patient. Can I tell you about ...
Social Work, Transculturality, and Etiquette in the Academy: Implications for Practice:

As is perhaps the case in most disciplines today, there are a number of contradictory, but yet interacting, forces in social work in the academy that might shed some light on the changes in etiquette and demeanor we currently encounter. Differing, contrasting, or even warring paradigms, inter-professional power struggles, and unbridled competition have all resulted in an unprecedented level of incivility. Confronted with the many social ills of today, social work in the academy remains entangled in internal tensions and appears not to be able to lead the way in addressing those ills. Can any explanations be provided that might move social workers in the academy to new understandings and resolutions? Can new examples be set for the practitioners of tomorrow?
Engineering the extracellular matrix for clinical applications: Endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm

Tissue engineering is rapidly progressing from a research-based discipline to clinical applications. Emerging technologies could be utilized to develop therapeutics for a wide range of diseases, but many are contingent on a cell scaffold that can produce proper tissue ultrastructure. The extracellular matrix, which a cell scaffold simulates, is not merely a foundation for tissue growth but a dynamic participant in cellular crosstalk and organ homeostasis. Cells change their growth rates, recruitment, and differentiation in response to the composition, modulus, and patterning of the substrate on which they reside. Cell scaffolds can regulate these factors through precision design, functionalization, and application. The ideal therapy would utilize highly specialized cell scaffolds to best mimic the tissue of interest. This paper discusses advantages and challenges of optimized cell scaffold design in the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm for clinical applications in tracheal transplant, cardiac regeneration, and skin grafts, respectively.
Media Scheduling and Solution Approaches

A media model that selects and schedules advertisements over time subject to a budgetary constraint is formulated as a large-scale, zero-one, integer programming model. A solution to the model by means of standard optimization techniques is infeasible or impractical, because of its complex structure. Consequently, several computationally efficient alternative solution approaches are developed and evaluated. These are shown to provide good (often optimal) solutions to the model and also appear to have a wide range of applicability to other media models and optimization problems with similar structures.
The ritual abuse of children: Implications for clinical practice and research

Research has indicated that the sexual abuse of children, once thought to be rare, is actually a common phenomenon (Crewdson, 1988). Prevalence estimates of child sexual abuse in the academic literature vary. Recent studies have shown that when women were questioned about their childhood sexual contact with adults, 19% (Finkelhor, 1979), 38% (Russell, 1983), or 62% (Wyatt, 1985) answer in the affirmative. Finkelhor reports that 9% of males have had experi? ences of sexual abuse as children. While the variance in these estimates is likely a result of differing research methodologies and sample populations, resistance to reporting abuse suggests that the lower figures may be modest approximations of the prevalence in the general population. In the midst of new insights concerning sexual abuse, there has been a remarkable increase in public awareness of what has been labeled ritual or satanic abuse. The reports are often so bizarre and unsettling that every new disclosure is accompanied by confusion and disbelief. The available knowledge consists primarily of reports of adult survivors and relatives of child victims, as well as police reports and therapeutic case studies. In spite of numerous corroborating reports from various areas of the country, the nature and content of these reports often provoke questions concerning credibility.
Predicting Irregularities in Population Cycles

Oscillating population data often exhibit cycle irregularities such as episodes of damped oscillation and abrupt changes of cycle phase. The prediction of such irregularities is of interest in applications ranging from food production to wildlife management. We use concepts from dynamical systems theory to present a model-based method for quantifying the risk of impending cycle irregularity.
GaAs/AlGaAs narrow-bandwidth in-line fiber filter

A GaAs/AlGaAs in-line fiber optic filter for wavelength division multiplexing applications is demonstrated. The device consists of a GaAs/AlGaAs anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) evanescently coupled to a single mode fiber. At certain discrete wavelengths, light is coupled from the fiber to the ARROW, due to phasematching conditions. Sharp resonances are observed around the design wavelength of 830 nm. The 3 dB cutoff bandwidth for TE polarization is 0.5 nm and the rejection ratio is 9 dB.
Drops walking on a vibrating bath: towards a hydrodynamic pilot-wave theory

We present the results of a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of droplets walking on a vertically vibrating fluid bath. Several walking states are reported, including pure resonant walkers that bounce with precisely half the driving frequency, limping states, wherein a short contact occurs between two longer ones, and irregular chaotic walking. It is possible for several states to arise for the same parameter combination, including high- and low-energy resonant walking states. The extent of the walking regime is shown to be crucially dependent on the stability of the bouncing states. In order to estimate the resistive forces acting on the drop during impact, we measure the tangential coefficient of restitution of drops impacting a quiescent bath. We then analyse the spatio-temporal evolution of the standing waves created by the drop impact and obtain approximations to their form in the small-drop and long-time limits. By combining theoretical descriptions of the horizontal and vertical drop dynamics and the associated wave field, we develop a theoretical model for the walking drops that allows us to rationalize the limited extent of the walking regimes. The critical requirement for walking is that the drop achieves resonance with its guiding wave field. We also rationalize the observed dependence of the walking speed on system parameters: while the walking speed is generally an increasing function of the driving acceleration, exceptions arise due to possible switching between different vertical bouncing modes. Special focus is given to elucidating the critical role of impact phase on the walking dynamics. The model predictions are shown to compare favourably with previous and new experimental data. Our results form the basis of the first rational hydrodynamic pilot-wave theory.
ATTENUATION IN THE EARTH AT LOW FREQUENCIES

The introduction of global, digitally recording, seismic networks has provided the seismological community with a large quantity of high quality data. At low frequencies the IDA (International Deployment of Accelerometers) network provides the best available data and, in this report, over 500 IDA records have been carefully analysed giving nearly 4000 reliable measurements of centre frequency and apparent attenuation of fundamental spheroidal modes. The attenuation rate of a normal mode of free oscillation of the Earth is measured in terms of its or quality factor and mean Q values for the modes 0 S 8 - 0 S 46 are presented with standard deviations of 2-9% . Mean centre frequencies have relative standard deviation of 5 x 10- 5 to 5 x 10- 4 . The distribution of the centre frequencies reveals a large-scale aspherical structure in velocity and density but the distribution of the apparent attenuation measurements does not reveal a corresponding structure. A total of 26 new measurements of the mean Q of overtone modes with standard deviations of 5-30 % have also been obtained by using single-record and multiple-record techniques. Combining the new data with reliable Q measurements from the literature gives a total of 71 data with which we can infer the radial structure of attenuation inside the Earth. This structure is not well constrained in detail and very simple models are capable of fitting the data. Experiments with synthetic data show that an improvement of an order of magnitude in both the number and quality of the measurements is required to make detailed inferences about the structure of attenuation. The data do constrain the average shear Q- 1 in the inner core to be 1/3500 ( ± 60 %) and the average shear Q- 1 the mantle to be 1/250 ( ± 4 %). These values are appropriate for frequencies less than 5 mHz. Comparison with published values at higher frequencies indicates there is a measurable frequency dependence of attenuation between 3 and 30 mHz. Very little can be inferred about bulk dissipation in the Earth beyond that it must exist to satisfy the attenuation of the radial modes. Experiments show that the data can be satisfied if bulk attenuation is an average 1.3%, or more, of the shear attenuation. Constraining bulk attenuation to be no greater than 2 % of the shear attenuation, and constraining the outer core to have no attenuation, forces bulk attenuation to be concentrated in the upper mantle.
Visualization tool for 3-D relationships and the right-hand rule

The need to develop an understanding of spatial relationships in three dimensions is one of the major challenges faced by introductory physics students. It arises, for example, when grappling with three-dimensional coordinate systems and with the vector (“cross”) product, when dealing with the concepts of torque and angular momentum, and perhaps most prominently when studying relationships involving magnetic fields and forces. A variety of so-called “right-hand rules” are important and widely used tools for working with such concepts. In this paper we describe a simple and inexpensive visualization tool that may be used to help learn and work with these important rules.
Failure of cyclopropyl bromide to add oxidatively to ZrCp2(PMePh2)2: Reaction of C3H4Br with ZrCp2(PMePh2)2 in toluene to afford ZrBr(CH2Ph)Cp2

Abstract Reaction of ZrCp 2 (PMePh 2 ) 2 (Cp=η 5 -cyclopentadtenyl) with cyclopropyl bromtde in toluene, rather than affording ZrBr(C 3 H 5 )Cp 2 as expected, affords ZrBr(CH 2 Ph)Cp 2 with the elimination of cyclopropane.
The question of the subject: Heidegger and the transcendental tradition

Recent Continental European philosophy has converged on the rejection of the subject, or more broadly of the metaphysics of subjectivity. Though this rejection is most commonly associated with French Post-structuralism, it is equally important in Habermas' work. Habermas disagrees with French views on humanism, rationality and the enlightenment, but he joins them in their opposition to what he calls the philosophy of consciousness. A recent anthology by a group of French thinkers (Cadava, Connor and Nancy, 1991) bears the title: Who ComesAfier the Subject? 1 suggesting that the battle against the subject has been fought and won, the opponent vanquished for good. Where, its editors seem to ask, do we go from here? What exactly is the metaphysics of the subject, that is so resoundingly rejected by such diverse thinkers? It is generally portrayed as nothing less than the entire mainstream of modem philosophy, beginning with Descartes and culminating in its most extreme form in phenomenology and existentialism. It is centered in such notions as the cogito, the 'I think,' consciousness, self-consciousness, self-transparency, self-determination. In spite of its dominance, this tradition is thought to have been gradually undermined in the course of our century when philosophers began to take seriously some powerful ideas from outside the philosophical mainstream, notably those of false consciousness (Marx) the unconscious (Freud) and structuralist conceptions of language. By themselves, however, these extra-philosophical intrusions would not have been enough to bring on the full-scale repudiation of the mainstream tradition. Merleau-Ponty and Ricoeur, among others, have made valiant attempts to intergrate them into the mainstream. What was decisive, I think, in combination with the influences already mentioned, was the work of the * A version of this paper was delivered as The Aaron Gurwitsch Memorial Lecture at the annual meeting of the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy in New
Reply to the comment on ‘Studies on Palamodov's algorithm for cone-beam CT along a general curve’

In this reply, the main results of our paper (Yu H Y, Ye Y B, Zhao S Y and Wang G 2006 Studies on Palamodov's algorithm for cone-beam CT along general curves Inverse Problems 22 447–60) are clarified in response to Palamodov's comments.
Comparison of experiments on dense gas cloud dispersion

Abstract A comparison is made between experimental tests and a simple entrainment model (adapted from Eidsvik, 1980 Atmospheric Environment 14 , 769–777) of the dispersion of dense gas clouds in the atmospheric boundary layer. Published experimental data includes field tests of the release of isothermal dense gas samples and the spillage of liquefied natural gas as well as meteorological wind tunnel tests. The essential model characteristic, the entrainment rate, is assumed to be a simple function of the local Richardson number, which is suitable for the later stages of cloud dilution after the initial effects of release have died away. Approximate analytical expressions for the model solutions are used in correlating data with model predictions. The experimental variables considered are cloud material concentration, drift distance and drift time which are expressed in dimensionless form. While there is considerable scatter among the data, on average there is agreement with the model, especially for large Richardson number. LNG vapor clouds are found to have much greater entrainment rates than isothermal heavy gas clouds.
A note on the quasi-static approach in teaching electromagnetics

It is argued that in teaching electromagnetics, the classical electrostatic introduction can be bypassed if one admits the existence of time harmonic fields at the outset where the frequency is sufficiently low that propagation effects can be neglected. Thus, one still deals with Laplace's equation and, for convenience, can characterize the medium in terms of its admittivity. Electrostatics are then recovered later as a special case by letting the conductivity vanish. Then on applying Ohm's law, it is simple to deduce in expression for the radial electric field E/sub r/. It is now possible to treat concrete physical problems such as deducing the quasi-static electric fields of a linear-current-carrying wire for any conductivity and permittivity in the ambient medium. By using image theory the student is also introduced to simple boundary-value problems where the effect of a ground plane, for example, can be handled. >
"Let the Dead Bury Their Dead" (Lk 9:60): A New Perspective

To the ears of first century hearers and to Asians, Jesus’ harsh saying, “Let the dead bury their own dead,” is not only insensitive and unsympathetic but a blatant transgression of law and tradition. Evidence from the Hebrew Bible to rabbinic sources and even from the wider Greco-Roman sources supports the importance to burying the dead, especially one’s parents. Given the importance of the sacred obligation and cultural expectation to bury one’s parents, Jesus’ statement is both shocking and scandalous. To properly interpret this difficult saying, appropriate contexts are needed. The author demonstrates that the most plausible social context is not connected to the ritual of the primary burial but rather the secondary burial. The practice of secondary burial, which is the gathering of decomposed remains (bones) into ossuaries, primarily served as a fashion statement to enhance the social status of the wealthy class residing primarily in Jerusalem. Contrary to various popular interpretations, the author proposes that the saying is not about the subordination of family ties or about the opposition of filial piety; rather, with this saying Jesus severely opposed the Roman burial practice that had little or no religious significance but rather promoted a practice that preserved the social status of an elite wealthy class. Consequently, the social context of secondary burial provides a new lens and perspective to correctly interpret and understand one of Jesus’ most problematic and enigmatic sayings.
The Cost of Vascular Access Infections: Three Years Experience from a Single Outpatient Dialysis Center.

Vascular access care accounts for a third of ESRD cost and is a leading cause of morbidity in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We designed this study to identify the risk factors for vascular access infection and to determine the cost of related hospitalizations. Methods: All HD patients at DCI Oakland from 1/1/99 to 6/30/02 were prospectively studied for access type, infections (Infx) including bacteremia, exit site, tunnel or cellulitis, and related hospitalizations. Cost data was obtained from the inpatient electronic medical record system. Risk factors for infection were evaluated using Poisson regression analysis, and cost comparison was done using ANOVA. Results: 153 patients were included in the analysis and were grouped by type of access: temporary catheter (TC) n = 84, permanent/tunneled catheter (PC) n = 158, AV graft (AVG) n = 87 and AV fistula (AVF) n = 57. Univariate analysis revealed significant risk factors to be female gender (p = 0.004, RR = 1.85) and type of access. In multivariate analysis, compared to AVF, risk of infection was highest with TC (p < 0.001, RR = 44), followed by PC (p < 0.001, RR = 17) and AVG (p = 0.03, RR = 3). Age, gender, and diabetes were not predictors of infection. The cost per hospitalization in the PC vs. AVG groups was not significantly different. Access type TC PC AVG AVF # Infx/1000 access days 5.0 3.8 0.6 0.1 % Infx requiring hospitalization 12.5 12.2 58.0 60.0 Cost/hosp. admission (mean) $16,896 25,683 9,016 5,650 Conclusions: Catheters are associated with much higher vascular access infection rates when compared to fistulas and grafts. When AVFs or AVGs do become infected, they are more likely to require hospitalization. Infections severe enough to require hospitalization result in similar inpatient cost per admission regardless of access type; however, this may be due to small sample size.
Application of image segmentation to tracking 3D salt boundaries

Delineating salt boundaries is a necessary step in the velocity-model building process. The salt-delineation problem can be thought of as an image-segmentation problem. Normalized cuts image segmentation (NCIS) finds the cut (or cuts) that result in an image being broken into portions which have dissimilar, by some measure, characteristics. We apply a modified version of the NCIS method to partition seismic images along salt boundaries. NCIS can track boundaries that are not continuous, where conventional horizon-tracking algorithms may fail, by calculating a weight connecting each pixel in the image to every other pixel within a local neighborhood. The weights are determined using problem-dependent combinations of attributes, the most important being instantanteous amplitude and dip. The weights for the entire image are used to segment the image via an eigenvector calculation. The weight matrices for 3D seismic data cubes can be quite large and computationally expensive. By imposing bounds and by distributing the algorithm on a parallel cluster, we significantly increase efficiency. This method is demonstrated to be effective on a 3D field seismic data cube.
Fabrication and performance of a microfluidic traveling-wave electrophoresis system

A microfluidic traveling-wave electrophoresis (TWE) system is reported that uses a locally defined traveling electric field wave within a microfluidic channel to achieve band transport and separation. Low voltages, over a range of −0.5 to +0.5 V, are used to avoid electrolysis and other detrimental redox reactions while the short distance between electrodes, ∼25 μm, provides high electric fields of ∼200 V cm−1. It is expected that the low voltage requirements will simplify the future development of smaller portable devices. The TWE device uses four interdigitated electrode arrays: one interdigitated electrode array pair is on the top of the microchannel and the other interdigitated electrode array pair is on the microchannel bottom. The top and bottom substrates are joined by a PDMS spacer that has a nominal height of 15 μm. A pinched injection scheme is used to define a narrow sample band within an injection cross either electrokinetically or hydrodynamically. Separation of two dyes, fluorescein and FLCA, with baseline resolution is achieved in less than 3 min and separation of two proteins, insulin and casein is demonstrated. Investigation of band broadening with fluorescein reveals that sample band widths equivalent to the diffusion limit can be achieved within the microfluidic channel, yielding highly efficient separations. This low level of band broadening can be achieved with capillary electrophoresis, but is not routinely observed in microchannel electrophoresis. Sample enrichment can be achieved very easily with TWE using a device with converging electric field waves controlled by two sets of independently controlled interdigitated electrodes arrays positioned serially along the microchannel. Sample enrichment of 40-fold is achieved without heterogeneous buffer/solvent systems, sorptive, or permselective materials. While there is much room for improvement in device fabrication, and many capabilities are yet to be demonstrated, it is anticipated that the capabilities and performance demonstrated herein will enable new lab-on-a-chip processes and systems.
A systematic review of the care coordination measurement landscape

Background: Care coordination has increasingly been recognized as an important aspect of high-quality health care delivery. Robust measures of coordination processes will be essential tools to evaluate, guide and support efforts to understand and improve coordination, yet little agreement exists among stakeholders about how to best measure care coordination. We aimed to review and characterize existing measures of care coordination processes and identify areas of high and low density to guide future measure development. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of measures published in MEDLINE through April 2012 and identified from additional key sources and informants. We characterized included measures with respect to the aspects of coordination measured (domain), measurement perspective (patient/family, health care professional, system representative), applicable settings and patient populations (by age and condition), and data used (survey, chart review, administrative claims). Results: Among the 96 included measure instruments, most relied on survey methods (88%) and measured aspects of communication (93%), in particular the transfer of information (81%). Few measured changing coordination needs (11%). Nearly half (49%) of instruments mapped to the patient/family perspective; 29% to the system representative and 27% to the health care professionals perspective. Few instruments were applicable to settings other than primary care (58%), inpatient facilities (25%), and outpatient specialty care (22%). Conclusions: New measures are needed that evaluate changing coordination needs, coordination as perceived by health care professionals, coordination in the home health setting, and for patients at the end of life.