cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the resilience of Late Archaic hunter-gatherers along the Georgia coast

Abstract This paper addresses fisher-hunter-gatherer settlement and subsistence variability of the Georgia Coast during the Archaic-Woodland transition, framed within ideas derived from Resilience Theory, and focusing on systemic shifts, or “collapse.” A critical examination of these shifts is needed to understand how communities experience change differentially, which in turn can lead to differential community resilience. Analysis of site file and radiocarbon date databases, as well as Bayesian modeling on a subset of dates, was performed at multiple scales and within distinct micro-environmental habitats. Results indicate that as sea levels dropped, there was continuity in Late Archaic occupation within deltaic areas of the coast, with intensive shellfishing occurring earlier (∼5000 cal. BP) and lasting longer (∼3500 cal. BP). In certain habitats, occupation may have continued into the following Early Woodland period. In non-deltaic areas, shellfishing occurs between 4500 and 3800 cal. BP, followed by subsistence changes and population movement. However, some of the post-3800 cal. BP occupations were fairly substantial. This differential experience of change between deltaic and non-deltaic areas was not accompanied by collapse: both areas had resilient communities. We conclude that inter-village relationships developed during the early Late Archaic period continued into the terminal portion, leading to resilience in the face of change.
O-014 initial mri diagnosis in 132 cases of angiographically confirmed spinal vascular malformations

Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of MRI for the diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations (SVM). Materials and methods We reviewed 133 consecutive patients with 142 high-flow SVMs confirmed by spinal angiography between 1999 and 2104. The initial MRI diagnosis was available in 132 instances. MRI was considered positive when a SVM was listed in the differential diagnosis or when spinal angiography was recommended. It was considered falsely negative otherwise (i.e., no or wrong diagnoses). The lesions included 89 spinal dural or epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF/SEAVF) (67.4%), 26 perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (PmAVF) (19.7%), 8 spinal arteriovenous malformations (SAVM) (6.1%), 3 SAVM/PmAVFs (2.3%), and 6 paravertebral arteriovenous fistulas (ParAVF) (4.5%). The PmAVFs were subdivided into 8 Type 1 (6.1%), 15 Type 2 (11.4%), and 3 Type 3 (2.3%). Results The initial MRI diagnosis was falsely negative in 50% of cases (66 SVMs in 63 patients). Missed lesions included 54 SDAVF/SEAVFs (81.8%) and 12 PmAVFs (18.2%). No case of SAVM, SAVM/PmAVF, or ParAVF was missed. When grouped, slow-flow lesions (54 SDAVF/SEAVFs and 8 PmAVF Type 1) accounted for 93.9% of the false negative MRIs, with a 63.9% false negative ratio (62 missed lesions out of 97). The most common MRI misdiagnoses included inflammatory conditions (transverse myelitis) (46.0%), spine degenerative disease (11.1%), tumors (7.9%), and stroke (3.2%). No specific diagnosis was offered in 31.7% of cases. Conclusion The initial MRI in patients with SVMs was falsely negative in half of the reviewed cases. Slow-flow spinal arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF, DEAVF, and PmAVF Type 1) were particularly insidious lesions, missed in about two-thirds of instances. About half the patients received an incorrect diagnosis of TM and were threated accordingly. Most patients with no specific MRI diagnosis were treated empirically for TM as well. Missed initial diagnoses not only delay adequate treatment for conditions with narrow therapeutic windows, but also result in the introduction of inappropriate, often deleterious management (e.g., high-dose steroids or plasma exchange). Our findings, based on patients with angiographically confirmed lesions, likely underestimate the true rate of false-negative MRI diagnoses in patients with SVMs. Disclosures D. Sorte: None. E. Wyse: None. E. Orru9: None. P. Gailloud: None.
Mutagenic analysis of the F0 stator subunits.

The a and b subunits constitute the stator elements in the F0 sector of F1F0-ATP synthase.Both subunits have been difficult to study by physical means, so most of the information onstructure and function relationships in the a and b subunits has been obtained using mutagenesisin combination with biochemical methods. These approaches were used to demonstrate thatthe a subunit in association with the ring of c subunits houses the proton channel throughF1F0-ATP synthase. The map of the amino acids contributing to the proton channel is probablycomplete. The two b subunits dimerize, forming an extended flexible unit in the peripheralstalk linking the F1 and F0 sectors. The unique characteristics of specific amino acid substitutionsaffecting the a and b subunits suggested differential effects on rotation during F1F0-ATPaseactivity.
What Does the Staff Think?: Factors Associated With Clinical Staff Perceptions of What Constitutes High-Quality Dying and Death at a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital.

In an effort to improve the care of a dying child in the hospital, research was conducted to identify factors associated with the staff's perception of high-quality dying and death. The research used a unique electronic survey that was administered to clinical staff caring for children within the final 3 days of their life in the hospital. Positive death experiences were associated with absence of patient pain, dyspnea, anxiety, or agitation and the presence of spiritual, psychological, and culturally appropriate care for the patient and family. A positive correlation with quality was noted if there was clarity about goals of care and appropriate directives were in place to alleviate suffering. When clinicians felt their needs were met and they had more end-of-life education, they also perceived the quality of the experience as higher and had less distress from the event. Variability in perceived quality of the death experience was noted between different units of the hospital. Providing a supportive environment for pediatric deaths is enhanced by ensuring certain processes are in place and clinicians have the education and support to deliver high-quality care at the end of life.
4D and multi-phase breath-hold CT imaging with synchronized intravenous contrast injection for liver tumor delineation

In order to accurately visualize and delineate certain liver tumors on four-dimensional or breath-hold computed tomography images, synchronized intravenous contrast injection is used during simulation at our institution. The purpose of this study is to present these two tumor motion management techniques used for tumor delineation and treatment delivery.
Beyond interactivity: critical/cultural surveillance scholarship, 10 years after Andrejevic

ABSTRACTMark Andrejevic’s iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era identified the potential for critical/cultural studies to examine advances in surveillance technologies by considering their relationship with cultures and discourses. Almost 10 years after iSpy, critical/cultural projects have expanded Andrejevic’s vision to account for new surveillance innovations (e.g. biometric technology and body scanners), new cultural contexts (e.g. of terrorist threat conception), and new moments of resistance (e.g. the recent revelation of National Security Agency monitoring). I review here five of these projects, published between 2010 and 2015, and summarize current conversations in critical/cultural surveillance studies as they implicate ongoing communication theory and research. These projects demonstrate that Andrejevic’s formative vision of surveillance as control of consumer agency illuminates evolving control in other arenas. This control subjects certain people to more surveillance and less sec...
Phenomenological Awareness: Consciousness and the Development of Cognitive Monitoring

The availability of cues associated with cognitive activity is discussed. Theories of consciousness and metacognition are presented and used to frame consideration of first-person experience as a basis for concepts of cognition. Although conscious access is limited, cues associated with cognitive activity are available to monitoring. However, those cues require interpretation. Introspection, or cognitive monitoring, may inform concepts of cognition, but in turn, knowledge about cognitive functioning may influence the interpretation of cues associated with cognitive activities. The development of cognitive monitoring is discussed, with a focus on studies concerning monitoring of informational content, informational source, feelings of effort and certainty, and emotion. Children’s potential use of cognitive monitoring as a source of information for learning about cognitive activities is considered.
Employment after heart transplantation among adults with congenital heart disease.

Objective Adults with congenital heart disease may require heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure. Whereas heart transplantation potentially allows adults with congenital heart disease to resume their usual activities, employment outcomes in this population are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and predictors of work participation after heart transplantation for congenital heart disease. Design Retrospective review of a prospective registry. Setting United Network for Organ Sharing registry of transplant recipients in the United States. Patients Adult recipients of first-time heart transplantation with a primary diagnosis of congenital heart disease, performed between 2004 and 2015. Interventions None. Outcome measures Employment status reported by transplant centers at required follow-up intervals up to 5 y posttransplant. Results Among 470 patients included in the analysis (mean follow-up: 5 ± 3 y), 127 (27%) worked after transplant, 69 (15%) died before beginning or returning to work, and 274 (58%) survived until censoring, but did not participate in paid work. Multivariable competing-risks regression analysis examined characteristics associated with posttransplant employment, accounting for mortality as a competing outcome. In descriptive and multivariable analysis, pretransplant work participation was associated with a greater likelihood of posttransplant employment, while the use of Medicaid insurance at the time of transplant was associated with a significantly lower likelihood of working after transplant (subhazard ratio compared to private insurance: 0.55; 95% confidence interval: 0.32, 0.95; P = .032). Conclusions Employment was rare after heart transplantation for congenital heart disease, and was significantly less common than in the broader population of adults with congenital heart disease. Differences in return to work were primarily related to pretransplant employment and the use of public insurance, rather than clinical characteristics.
Shallow Representation Learning via Kernel PCA Improves QSAR Modelability.

Linear models offer a robust, flexible, and computationally efficient set of tools for modeling quantitative structure–activity relationships (QSARs) but have been eclipsed in performance by nonlinear methods. Support vector machines (SVMs) and neural networks are currently among the most popular and accurate QSAR methods because they learn new representations of the data that greatly improve modelability. In this work, we use shallow representation learning to improve the accuracy of L1 regularized logistic regression (LASSO) and meet the performance of Tanimoto SVM. We embedded chemical fingerprints in Euclidean space using Tanimoto (a.k.a. Jaccard) similarity kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and compared the effects on LASSO and SVM model performance for predicting the binding activities of chemical compounds against 102 virtual screening targets. We observed similar performance and patterns of improvement for LASSO and SVM. We also empirically measured model training and cross-validation tim...
Enabling High-Performance SMART NoC Architectures Using On-Chip Wireless Links

Traditional network-on-chip (NoC) interconnects follow conventional packet switching architectures that require multiple cycles to traverse each router hop. In addition, commonly used NoCs lack low-latency multicast replication and acknowledgment aggregation mechanisms that are required to efficiently handle the collective communication requirements exhibited by many modern applications. To address these issues, the single-cycle multihop asynchronous repeated traversal (SMART) NoC architecture is proposed. By using an efficient router-bypass mechanism, the SMART NoC enables single-cycle data transfers even between physically distant on-chip routers. However, enabling single-cycle hops over long metal wires restrict the achievable clock frequency of the system. In other words, increasing the NoC clock frequency lowers the number of hops that can be bypassed in a single cycle in a fully wireline SMART NoC. In this paper, we demonstrate that by integrating on-chip wireless links, a novel look-ahead bypass-request mechanism and a congestion-free broadcast routing methodology, it is possible to enable low-latency and energy efficient data transfers in the SMART NoC even when the system is designed with high clock frequencies. For the various applications considered in this paper, the wireless-enabled SMART NoC achieves on an average 41% reduction in message latency compared to the wireline SMART NoC. This network level improvement translates into 20% savings in full system energy-delay product.
Sidman, M. (1978). Remarks: Behaviorism, 6, 265–268

(2011). Sidman, M. (1978). Remarks. European Journal of Behavior Analysis: Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 311-313.
Determination of Factors Impacting Smoking Habits of University Students: An Empirical Analysis from Turkey

The aim of this study is to determine the main factors impacting cigarette smoking habits of university students. In order to achieve this aim, the primary data obtained from face to face questionn...
First case of acute granulomatous interstitial nephritis with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient with HIV coinfected with disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii.

Restoration of immune response by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) effectively improved the overall prognosis of HIV infection. However, 25%–31.7% of patients experience paradoxical worsening of pre-existing infections or unmasking of subclinical infections after starting HAART therapy, which is termed as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Acute granulomatous interstitial nephritis as a consequence of IRIS has never been reported with Mycobacteriumkansasiicoinfection. Here, we describe an HIV/AIDS patient coinfected with disseminated M. kansasii infection, who presented with acute kidney injury 4.5 months after initiation of HAART. The diagnostic workup revealed IRIS was the cause of acute kidney injury. Short-term course of prednisone (1 mg/kg/day) along with antimycobacterial and HAART regimen achieved significant improvement.
Alumina-Supported Pt-Rh Catalysts: II. Kinetic Characterization and Synergistic Effects

Analytical electron microscopy was used in the preceding paper to determine the composition distribution of individual catalytically active particles on several supported Pt-Rh bimetallic catalysts. The kinetic performance of these catalysts for the reduction of NO with H{sub 2} and the reduction of NO with CO between 25 and 300{degrees}C is presented here. The performance of one catalyst that contained alloy particles with compositions centered at approximately 10 wt% Pt and 90 wt% Pt was intermediate to that observed for Pt and Rh monometallic catalysts. Additional catalysts were prepared to separately test the kinetic performance of Pt-rich and Rh-rich alloy particles. One catalyst that was prepared at a 95/5 weight ratio of Pt to Rh contained Pt-rich alloy particles in the composition range of 80 wt% Pt-100 wt% Pt. Another catalyst was prepared at a 17/83 weight ratio of Pt to Rh and contained mostly Rh-rich alloy particles in the composition range of 70 wt% Rh-100 wt% Rh. For both the NO-H{sub 2} and NO-CO reactions, the 95/5 catalyst displayed an activity greater than that expected from the sum of the alloy components. It is therefore concluded that for the Pt-rich alloy particles of the 95/5 catalyst, a synergistic effectmore » due to particle alloying is present. The kinetic performance of the Rh-rich particles in the 17/83 catalyst was less favorable, and less than that expected from the sum of the alloy components for the NO-CO reaction.« less
Qinna : une architecture à base de composants pour la gestion de la qualité de service dans les systèmes embarqués mobiles

Les systemes embarques communicants sont de plus en plus presents dans notre environnement quotidien sous formes de PDA, telephones portables, etc. Ces systemes se doivent d'etre ouverts afin de pouvoir accueillir de nouvelles applications tout au long de leur cycle de vie. Ils possedent alors des contraintes fortes de types qualite de service, securite, tolerance aux fautes, etc. La programmation a base de composants apparait comme une solution prometteuse pour le developpement de tels systemes. Cependant, un des frein a l'adoption de ce type de programmation est que les modeles a composants n'integrent pas les aspects de gestion de qualite de service. Ce travail de these presente une architecture de gestion de qualite de service pour les systemes embarques mobiles a composants. Cette architecture, appelee Qinna, est definie a l'aide de composants Fractal et permet la mise en oeuvre, ainsi que la gestion dynamique, de contrats de qualite de service entre les differents composants d'un systeme. L'originalite de l'approche proposee permet de prendre en compte la qualite de service quelque soit le niveau considere du systeme (niveau applicatif, niveau services, niveau systeme d'exploitation et niveau ressources). L'architecture Qinna a ete validee par une evaluation qualitative a base de patrons generiques d'architecture, puis par une evaluation quantitative permettant de montrer que le cout de l'architecture reste faible. Le travail realise ouvre de nombreuses perspectives de recherche notamment celle de generaliser l'approche utilisee (definition d'une architecture abstraite de composant pour la prise en charge de la gestion d'une propriete non-fonctionnelle, ici la QdS) a d'autres proprietes non-fonctionnelles (par exemple la securite ou la tolerance aux fautes), et d'en tirer des conclusions sur la definition et la generation de conteneurs ouverts.
A Framework for the Analysis of Mathematical Behavior

This chapter presents a framework for the analysis of mathematical behavior. It introduces four categories of knowledge and behavior. Resources are the body of knowledge that an individual is capable of bringing to bear in a particular mathematical situation. They are the factual, procedural, and propositional knowledge possessed by the individual. Heuristics are the rules of thumb for effective problem solving. They are fairly broad strategies for making progress on unfamiliar or difficult problems. Control deals with the question of resource management and allocation during problem-solving attempts. In this context, it is reserved for major decisions regarding planning, monitoring, and assessing solutions online. With good control, problem solvers can make the most of their resources and solve rather difficult problems with some efficiency. Lacking it, they can squander their resources and fail to solve problems easily within their grasp. Belief systems are one's mathematical world view, the perspective with which one approaches mathematics and mathematical tasks. Beliefs establish the context within which resources, heuristics, and control operate.
Wideband Multi-Loop FSS Absorber Design Based on Q- factor Approach

Absorbing materials are important to many structures and systems in the defense industry. Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) can be designed to provide a conformal absorptive solution. In this work, a wideband and absorptive FSS is presented that operates over the entire X-band (8.2 to 12.4 GHz). Nickel is utilized for the three-loop conductive elements in order to achieve wideband operation. The design approach utilized here considers the equivalent resonator model, which requires that the radiation quality factor (Q rad ) and parallel combination of the conductive and dielectric loss quality factors (Q 0 ) be comparable for absorptive FSS properties. Using this approach, a single loop FSS is first designed that, when used as a basis for the wideband three-element design, provides the necessary condition of Q rad = Q 0 . The wideband operation is ultimately achieved through proper selection of the individual loop dimensions and relative spacing.
Local Elections and Representation in the United States

In recent years, there has been a surge in the study of representation and elections in local politics. Scholars have made progress on many of the empirical barriers that stymied earlier researcher...
The Spatial Heterogeneity of the Time-varying Impact of Shocks on Volatility: Some Evidence from MSA Housing Markets

Executive Summary. In this study, we investigate the time-varying response of conditional variance to endogenous and exogenous shocks. Using MSA-level monthly data spanning 31 years and two asymmet...
Microstructural Characterization of Pure Tin Produced by the Drop-on-Demand Technique of Liquid Metal Jetting

The microstructure–property relationship of a pure tin part built using the drop-on-demand technique of liquid metal jetting, a cost–effective alternative to selective laser-melting or sintering techniques, was determined. The microstructure of the as-built tin is observed to have minimal stored strain, low dislocation density, few to no voids, and the presence of only the β-tin phase; concurrently, mechanical properties are shown to be identical to the traditionally manufactured tin.
Real-Time Navigation in Urban Areas Using Mobile Crowd-Sourced Data

Modern urbanization is demanding smarter technologies to improve a variety of applications in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Mobile crowd-sourcing enabling automatic sensing tasks constitutes an excellent mean to complement existing technologies. In this paper, we exploit the high amount of data that can be collected by on-board and infrastructure-based sensors to evaluate traffic network statuses and improve the navigation of vehicles in urban areas. The objective is to design real-time route planning algorithms that determine best trajectories in a real-time manner based on the frequent data inputs. Two iterative algorithms with different complexity levels solving integer linear programming problems are developed. Unlike traditional navigation solutions, the algorithms update the vehicle trajectory after a certain period characterized by timely correlated data. Our results show that the crowd-sourcing based real-time algorithms outperform traditional navigation solutions by selecting less congested roads and avoiding blocked streets.
Hawk: Predatory Vision

This essay may be regarded as one side of a narrative or conversation between two persons deeply concerned with what today is called technoscience, a term that recognizes the hybridity of science embodied in technologies. But it is also between two approaches to vision, one by a postphenomenologist and the other by a foremost feminist science studies person. We had agreed to contribute to each others’ Festschrifts, but mine came first with Evan Selinger’s Postphenomenology: Critical Companion to Ihde (2006), which included Donna Haraway’s “Crittercam: Compounding Eyes in NatureCultures.” The paper includes critical insights on vision from Ihde’s experiences as a boy who observed red-tailed hawks and from his academic research that considered vision and imaging technologies as well as a new investigation into surveillance technologies.
Advanced phase powertrain design attribute and technology value mapping

The search for achieving maximum product value is a critical factor for any product- orientated business to remain competitive. To achieve the right balance of function vs. cost at the early advanced design phase for selected passenger car powertrain technologies, a trade-off tool is required to decide the correct product configuration using an integrated systems engineering approach. This will create a substantially optimised product offering to the market, reducing overall development costs while achieving customer satisfaction. This paper presents a methodology in defining a technology value map to assess multiple technical options as a function of its attributes, whose precise values can be determined at a given cost.
Serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and virulence genes of Salmonella in children with diarrhea.

Background Salmonella is an important foodborne pathogen that causes acute diarrhea in humans worldwide. This study analyzed the relationships of serotypes and antibiotic resistance with virulence genes of Salmonella isolated from children with salmonellosis. Methods Serological typing was performed using the slide-agglutination method. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility. Twenty virulence genes were detected by PCR. Results Salmonella Typhimurium (21 isolates, 34.43%) and S Enteritidis (12 isolates, 19.67%) were the predominant species among the 61 isolates. Ampicillin resistance was most common (63.93%), and among the cephalosporins, resistance was most often found to cefotaxime, a third-generation cephalosporin (19.67%). Among the 20 virulence genes, prgH, ssrB, and pagC were detected in all Salmonella isolates. In S Typhimurium, the detection rates of hilA, sipB, marT, mgtC, sopB, pagN, nlpI, bapA, oafA, and tolC were high. In S Enteritidis, the detection rates of icmF, spvB, spvR, and pefA were high. Nitrofurantoin resistance was negatively correlated with the virulence gene bapA (P = .005) and was positively correlated with icmF, spvB, spvR, and pefA (P = .012, .008, .002, and .005, respectively), The P values between all other virulence genes and antibiotic resistance were >.05. Conclusion Salmonella Typhimurium and S Enteritidis were the main serotypes in children with diarrhea in Hangzhou, China. Salmonella exhibited a high level of resistance to common antibiotics, and a high rate of bacteria carrying virulence genes was observed. However, no significant correlation was found between virulence genes and resistance to common antibiotics.
27. STRENGTHENING PARENT - PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATION: A RANDOMIZED DELAYED START CROSSOVER STUDY ON EMPATHIC COMMUNICATION TRAINING

Empathic communication improves satisfaction and clinical outcomes, yet formal empathy training in residency is often minimal. Recent reviews of such interventions show mixed results and are often limited by no patient input, brief study lengths, and insufficient reporting of curricula used. This study examines the effects of a unique empathic communication curriculum for pediatric residents using validated surveys and original feedback tools. Study design addresses the limitations above with the intent to create a curriculum for use by any program. We randomized 23 residents in 2 institutions for empathic communication training. Training occurred at the start or 6 months into the 12-month study. We measured empathy and mindfulness using 4 distinct instruments (2 for residents, 2 for parents) at 5 set timepoints. Residents also completed weekly self-reflection tools, a booster training session, and monthly mentor sessions for 6 months after their training date. One institution's residents gave post study interviews. Parent surveys showed statistically significant rises in resident empathy after training (2.5%, p = 0.02 and 2.9%, p = 0.012). However, baseline scores were already high (90.2% and 88.6% respectively) limiting the amount of quantifiable improvement possible. Resident completed surveys showed no significant rise in scores with training. In qualitative analysis of mentor sessions and post study interviews, residents found the training helpful, noting improved attunement with families and perceptions of parent satisfaction. Residents especially cited better emotional self-regulation, greater focus on addressing parents’ prime concerns, and involving parents more in plan development. Empathic communication is a crucial skill for pediatricians, but many programs lack curricula that create lasting behavior changes. With modifications based on feedback from this pilot study, we believe this model for empathic communication education can be successful and reproducible at other institutions. This was funded by an APPD Special Projects grant.
Comprehensive Benefit-Risk Assessment of Noninferior Treatments Using Multicriteria Decision Analysis.

Abstract Objectives To develop a simple approach for evaluating the overall benefit–risk of a new noninferiority treatment compared with a standard of care. Methods We propose using multicriteria decision analysis that accounts for uncertainty associated with both clinical outcomes and patient preference data. Because patients’ preferences are likely to be influenced by their baseline characteristics, we suggest carrying out a preference study at the beginning of a trial. To reduce the burden of an additional study questionnaire, preference elicitation could be done on a small sample of trial participants. To restore preferences for all trial participants, we propose using multiple imputation (MI). Using simulations, we examine whether 3 different MI procedures lead to the same benefit–risk assessment conclusion, as if all trial participant preferences were obtained. We also compare MI results to complete case analysis, where only preferences of the small sample of trial participants are considered. Results We show that the MI procedure successfully restores patients’ preferences for the trial participants using different outcome criteria and preferences. For example, using 3 outcome criteria with only 10% of the trial participants providing their preferences, complete case analysis demonstrated a new noninferior treatment as favorable only 5.1% of the time, whereas MI procedures did so between 16.2% and 17.9% of the time. Given that 17.6% correspond to the fully observed weights, the MI methods demonstrate favorable results. Conclusions The MI procedure can help facilitate a simple comprehensive benefit-risk assessment for new noninferior treatments.
Examining the Usefulness of Mindfulness Practices in Managing School Leader Stress During COVID-19 Pandemic

As part of a larger evaluation study on the impact of mindfulness practices on school leaders’ capacity to promote healing-centered engagement with students and teachers who have a history of trauma, toxic stress, and/or underperformance, mindfulness practices turned out to be critically important during COVID-19 when school leaders face unprecedented difficulties and challenges in transitioning the instructions online The two mindfulness strategies found to have the highest scores are breathing practices and the concept of “being the thermostat, and not the thermometer ” The study shows that learning and practicing mindfulness is a long process that takes time and space Future studies are recommended to focus on the sustainability and group difference issues © 2020, Journal of School Administration Research and Development All Rights Reserved
Libraries’ Contributions to the Quality of UK University Research Environments Were Not Acknowledged in REF 2014, but Could Be Made More Visible in REF 2021

A Review of: Walker, D. (2020). Libraries and the REF: How do librarians contribute to research excellence? Insights, 33(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.497 Abstract Objective – To measure the extent to which libraries’ contributions to United Kingdom (UK) university research excellence were referenced in the Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 unit-level research environment statements, and to make recommendations to libraries for increasing their visibility in the research setting. Design – Content analysis of an existing corpus. Setting – Evaluation of research environments conducted as part of the UK REF 2014 assessment. Subjects – 1,891 unit-level research environment statements submitted for REF 2014. Methods – Each unit-level research environment statement was categorized in terms of how extensively it referenced library or librarian contributions: no mention, brief mention, or substantive mention. The frequency and percentage of each level of mention are reported overall and by disciplinary panel. Main Results – Across all panels, only 25.8% of the statements included substantive references to the library or librarians; most of these were lists of electronic and physical collections, but they also included discussions of the research support services offered by librarians. There were disciplinary differences in the extent of the references to libraries, from 7.2% containing substantive references in a panel examining science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) units to 44.0% containing substantive references in the panel examining arts and humanities units. Conclusion – In REF 2014, libraries and librarians were rarely discussed in unit-level research environment statements. While this lack of representation may be due to shortcomings of the library’s relationship with the university’s research office, librarians could use a number of approaches to becoming more visible in the REF 2021 research environment statements. Specifically, they could highlight their roles in: ensuring discoverability and accessibility of information resources to researchers; improving research practices through teaching informational and organizational skills, providing direct support to research students and staff, and providing research data management services; managing the research information systems that capture and make discoverable the university’s non-article research outputs; providing support in relation to the responsible use of bibliometrics and other measures of article quality and impact; further developing article impact by training researchers to use social media to their advantage; developing open research initiatives; and assisting with the REF submission process.
Energy-aware delay-constrained routing in wireless sensor networks: Research Articles

Recent years has witnessed a growing interest in the applications of unattended wireless sensor networks. Due to the limitation of the energy supply that sensors have, almost all of the proposed routing protocols have aimed at energy efficiency as the ultimate objective and considered relaying data to a stationary gateway (sink). However, many new issues have been posed by the increasing interest in applications that demand certain quality of service (QoS) guarantees. Such issues even get more challenging when the gateway is mobile. In this paper, we propose an energy-aware approach for routing delay-constrained data. The approach pursues multi-hop packet relaying to minimize transmission energy and employs weighted fair queuing (WFQ) packet scheduling methodology along with leaky bucket constrained data sources in order to provide soft real-time guarantees for data delivery. Such employment of WFQ at each node provides a service differentiation between two different classes of traffic, namely real-time and non-real-time traffic. In the case of a mobile gateway, uninterrupted data flow for both types of traffic is achieved by dynamic adjustment of the route set-up to react to the gateway's departure out of transmission range of relaying nodes. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Avoiding both the Garbage-In/Garbage-Out and the Borel Paradox in updating probabilities given experimental information

Bayes Rule specifies how probabilities over parameters should be updated given any kind of information. But in some cases, the kind of information provided by both simulation and physical experiments is information on how certain output parameters may change when other input parameters are changed. There are three different approaches to this problem, one of which leads to the Garbage-In/Garbage-Out Paradox, the second of which (Bayesian synthesis) violates the Borel Paradox, and the third of which (Bayesian melding) is a supra-Bayesian heuristic. This paper shows how to derive a fully Bayesian formula which avoids the Garbage-In/Garbage-Out and Borel Paradoxes. We also compare a Laplacian approximation of this formula with Bayesian synthesis and Bayesian melding and find that the Bayesian formula sometimes coincides with the Bayesian melding solution.
Determinants of labor-management disputes and their settlement in the private sector in Jordan

Determinants of labor-management disputes and their settlement in the private sector in Jordan، للحصول على النص الكامل يرجى زيارة مكتبة الحسين بن طلال في جامعة اليرموك او زيارة موقعها الالكتروني
Freezing: A Tool for the Preservation and Separation of Islets of Langerhans

Many forms of diabetes can be successfully treated by oral hypoglycemic drugs or by subcutaneous administration of insulin or insulin analogs. A major disadvantage of such treatment is the difficulty in adjusting the insulin dose (hence blood glucose levels) in response to food consumption. The ideal therapy would utilize a continuous feedback network which permits minute by minute surveillance of the blood glucose level with appropriate alteration of hormonal output, just as the alpha and beta cells of the islets respond in the normal individual. One approach is to reimplant islets or beta cells in patients whose islets of Langerhans are not responding at an adequate level (Lacy, 1967, 1980; Mattas, 1976, 1977). The probability of a successful transplant would be greatly enhanced if large numbers of tissue-typed islets could be cryogenically stored until an immunologically suitable diabetic recipient is available. Since viability of frozen tissue stored in liquid nitrogen is essentially independent of the storage time, the current constraints involved in obtaining good tissue cross-matches can be overcome. Reimplantation of nonimmunogenic islets of Langerhans will provide the minute by minute regulation of blood glucose levels necessary to prevent the peripheral vascular complications of insulin dependent diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy, clotting disorders and glomerular nephritis.
Tree based discretization for continuous state space reinforcement learning

Reinforcement learning is an effective technique for learning action policies in discrete stochastic environments, but its efficiency can decay exponentially with the size of the state space. In many situations significant portions of a large state space may be irrelevant to a specific goal and can be aggregated into a few, relevant, states. The U Tree algorithm generates a tree based state discretization that efficiently finds the relevant state chunks of large propositional domains. In this paper, we extend the U Tree algorithm to challenging domains with a continuous state space for which there is no initial discretization. This Continuous U Tree algorithm transfers traditional regression tree techniques to reinforcement learning. We have performed experiments in a variety of domains that show that Continuous U Tree effectively handles large continuous state spaces. In this paper, we report on results in two domains, one gives a clear visualization of the algorithm and another empirically demonstrates an effective state discretization in a simple multi-agent environment.
The activity of Pd(110) for methanol synthesis

The synthesis of methanol from CO and H/sub 2/ has been studied over unsupported, single-crystal Pd(110) at pressures of 72.3-244 KPa, temperatures of 493-553 K, and a H/sub 2//CO ratio of 3.9, in a combined high-pressure reactor/UHV surface analysis chamber. At 244 KPa the reaction exhibited linear Arrhenius behavior with an activation energy of 18.4 +/- 1.9 kcal/mol, and a pre-exponential factor of 8 x 10/sup 4/ s/sup -1/. These values are in good agreement with values reported for supported Pd/SiO/sub 2/. At 553 K the reaction was roughly first order in total pressure (1.2 +/- 0.2) over the pressure range studied. Specific rates (turnover frequencies) observed in this study, extrapolated to pressures typical of most methanol synthesis work (1-1.5 MPa), are in good agreement with rates observed for Pd dispersed on noninteracting supports such as SiO/sub 2/, and some basic supports such as ZnO and MgO. These rates are higher than those observed over Pd supported on zeolite and acidic supports (e.g., PdNaY and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/), but much lower than those observed on highly active La/sub 2/O/sub 3/-supported Pd. In addition, no dimethyl ether product was detected on Pd(110), though it is a significant product on many acidicmore » supports. Thus, Pd metal is an active methanol synthesis catalyst, and no specific support interaction is required. Highly interacting supports exhibit rates and/or selectivities substantially different from those of Pd(110).« less
Modeling carbon nanotube reinforced composite materials with the cylindrical method of cells

Summary Micromechanics modeling, utilizing a cylindrical method of cells (CMOC) model, is employed to obtain the effective mechanical properties of an elastic transversely isotropic, isothermal material system consisting of a hollow carbon nanotube (CNT) embedded in an isotropic polymeric material matrix. It is shown that weak interfacial bonding between the CNT and polymeric matrix, which is characteristic of this type of material system, can be modeled with the CMOC. Numerical solutions of the effective independent material constants are obtained, based upon appropriate values of the properties of the carbon nanotube and epoxy matrix. The numerical results are presented graphically and compared with corresponding classical closed-form solutions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Preliminary Investigation of Design Simplification by Analogy

This paper describes research on the simplification of designs using analogical reasoning. We present a definition of simplification and some examples, and then describe a prototype system that has been built to support our preliminary investigations of this problem.
Ethical Firewalls, Limited Admissibility, and Rule 703

At first look, it seems a straightforward proposition: lawyers should not introduce inadmissible evidence. Trial lawyers who do so are behaving unethically or unprofessionally in some sense. But in what sense? The term “unethical” is certainly problematic, but less appreciated are the perplexing issues involving “admissibility,” an ambiguity that begets ethical ambivalence in the modern adversary trial.1 Assume that our plaintiff’s case essentially turns on a single, brief hearsay statement.2 We will argue for its admissibility under several hearsay exceptions, but each one is problematic. Nonetheless, if opposing counsel misses the hearsay objection (unlikely but not unimaginable), or if the judge accepts just one of the tenuous exceptions, the hearsay evidence is admitted. And what if the judge rules the hearsay inadmissible? Modern evidence rules, we know, permit experts to base opinion testimony even on inadmissible bases, provided they are of a type reasonably relied upon. Thus, our retained expert will testify on direct examination that the hearsay is the type of information upon which she usually relies in drawing professional opinions and inferences. We will ask the judge to allow our expert to discuss the “otherwise inadmissible” hearsay for the limited purpose of explaining her reasoning and opinion, not for its truth. In sum, the ethical trial lawyer is provided two redoubts by evidence law. First, the fundamentals of trial procedure obligate the opponent to object in a timely and proper manner to the hearsay itself and to each proffered exception. Evidence is not inadmissible until the judge rules it so based
Beam Annealing of Ion-Implanted Silicon

Extensive research has been performed over the past several years on the use of lasers, electron beams and arc sources for annealing damage created in silicon by ion implantation. This field, originally identified as “beam annealing” because its focus was on the removal of defects introduced by ion implantation, has rapidly broadened to encompass much more diverse situations, many of which do not involve ion implantation and may not even involve defect removal. In particular, lasers and electron beams have been used to recrystallize thin films of vapor deposited poly-silicon with substantial improvements in its electronic properties [1]; to facilitate the formation of metal suicides [2]; and to perform a number of other processing functions that are of increasing importance in the fabrication of fine geometry integrated circuits and high speed devices. In this paper we will concern ourselves entirely with the annealing process; specifically, on the mechanisms by which laser, electron beam and arc source annealing proceeds and the basic metallurgical and electronic properties of beam annealed material.
Monolithic ring lasers for low-noise optical signal distribution

A self-aligned process is used, for the first time, to fabricate triangular semiconductor ridge ring lasers. Very smooth dry- etched facets have been achieved using chemically assisted ion beam etching, with SiO2 as the etch-mask. The dependence of the threshold current on the ring structure angle is presented. The ring lasers show stronger tendency toward single- longitudinal-mode operation than the Fabry-Perot lasers fabricated on the same wafer. The introduction of an external mirror in the ring laser structure results in highly asymmetric output, which further enhances the side-mode-suppression-ratio.
Reactions of large molecules proceeding through an intermediate complex: II. Application to F + C2H4

Abstract An application of a theory developed previously for treating reactions of large molecules which proceed through an intermediate complex is made th the case of fluorine plus ethylene. The product vibrational and translational distributions are approximately calculated for a model potential hypersurface consisting of a multidimensional harmonic well describing the complex and a multidimensional harmonic well times a separable reaction coordinate for the reaction and products. Comparison is made with available experimental results.
Contribution of p53-Dependent Caspase Activation to Neuronal Cell Death Declines with Neuronal Maturation

Caspases play a pivotal role in neuronal cell death during development and after trophic factor withdrawal. However, the mechanisms regulating caspase activity and the role played by caspase activation in response to neuronal injury is poorly understood. The tumor suppressor gene p53 has been implicated in the loss of neuronal viability caused by excitotoxic and DNA damaging agents. In the present study we determined if p53-mediated neuronal cell death required caspase activation. DNA damage increased caspase activity in both cultured embryonic telencephalic and postnatal cortical neurons in a p53-dependent manner. Caspase inhibitors protected embryonic telencephalic neurons, but not postnatal cortical neurons, from DNA damage-induced cell death as measured by direct cell counting and annexin V staining. In marked contrast to the caspase inhibitors, an inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, conferred significant protection from genotoxic and excitotoxic cell death on postnatal cortical neurons but had no effect on embryonic neurons. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in postnatal neurons was not associated with measurable changes in caspase activity, consistent with the failure of caspase inhibitors to prevent cell death under these conditions. Moreover, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of p53 killed embryonic and postnatal neurons without activating caspases. Thus, p53-mediated neuronal cell death may occur via both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. These results demonstrate that p53 is required for caspase activation in response to some forms of neuronal injury. However, the relative importance of caspase activation in neurons depends on the developmental status of the cell and the specific nature of the death stimulus.