cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Multiparameter Flow Cytometry with Cluster Analysis and Immunohistochemistry for the Detection of CD10 in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas

CD10 is a critical antigen for the distinction of follicle-center lymphoma from other B-cell lymphomas composed of small cells in fine-needle aspiration specimens, tissue core biopsies, and bone marrow. In addition, CD10 is expressed in a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), where it may be an adverse prognostic indicator. We have previously demonstrated that CD10 expression detected by multiparameter flow cytometry (FC) with cluster analysis is highly sensitive and specific for follicle-center lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of small B-cell lymphomas. In this study, we assessed the utility of paraffin section immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD10 compared with FC in a cohort of 50 DLBCLs. IHC for CD10 was technically successful in 47 of the 50 (94%) DLBCLs; 3 failed based on lack of internal CD10 reactivity. CD10 was expressed by FC in 20 of 47 DLBCLs (43%); CD10 was positive by IHC in 15 of these (75%). All 27 cases that were CD10(-) by FC were negative by IHC. The level of CD10 expression by FC in the 5 FC(+)/IHC(-) cases ranged from relatively dim to bright. Our results indicate 75% sensitivity and 100% specificity of CD10 expression by IHC compared with multiparameter FC with cluster analysis and a 6% technical failure rate.
Experimentally tractable, pseudo-elastic constitutive law for biomembranes: I. Theory

Although visco-elastic in general, the stress-strain relation of biomembranes is one-to-one or pseudo-elastic when being loaded after preconditioning. This pseudo-elastic relation is hypoelastic (i.e., it is not hyperelastic), yet much of the stress response can be characterized by a scalar function omega that represents the work done (per unit reference volume) on the specimen during loading. (Since a pseudo-strain-energy function W is optimized to fit the test data and not the work done, omega is not equal to W in general.) The remaining part tR of the stress response does no work during loading. With biaxial testing, omega can be definitively determined from data. Moreover, for tests with the stretch directions coaxial to the axes of anisotropy, tR can be accurately characterized by a scalar function omega that depends on the strain. This paper is part 1 of 2 with "I. Theory" and "II. Application."
Acute portal hypertension and reduced renal blood flow: An intestinal-renal neurogenic reflex

In a series of experiments in anesthetized dogs, the origin and mechanism of reduced renal blood flow (RBF) during acute portal hypertension was investigated. With acute superior mesenteric vein (SMV) occlusion and normalization of cardiac hemodynamics RBF remained reduced at 66 +/- 14 ml/min compared to baseline of 160 +/- 25 ml/min (P less than 0.01). Neither acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion, nor acute hepatic portal hypoperfusion with normal SMV pressures maintained by SMV-caval shunt, resulted in reduction of RBF. Cross-perfusion studies failed to produce alterations of RBF in recipient dogs from donor dogs with SMV occlusion, reduced RBF, and normal cardiac outputs. Finally, splanchnic ganglionectomy prevented RBF reduction during SMV occlusion after volume restoration. We conclude that reduced RBF during acute portal hypertension is a result of an intestinal-renal neurogenic reflex initiated by intestinal venous congestion.
Electrooptical imaging system using wavelength coding

A hybrid imaging system is described for transmitting images through optical fibers. The technique employs wavelength coding of image information to allow the transmission of many image pixels in parallel through a single fiber. A zirconium arc lamp is used as the input light source and a linear photodiode array as the output detector. A system description, resolution limit calculation, and experimental results are given.
Nuclear Fermi-liquid drop model

The nuclear many body problem is reduced to equations of motion for local physical quantities such as particle density, velocity field and pressure tensor. The approach provides a generalization of the commonly used liquid drop model to the case of the Fermi liquid. The influence of Fermi-surface distortion, relaxation processes and memory effects on the nuclear dynamics is studied. The theory is applied to the description of the giant multipole resonances in cold and hot nuclei. Some features of the Fermi-liquid drop instability and the large amplitude motion are discussed.
Somatic embryo maturation from long-term suspension cultures of white spruce ( Picea glauca )

The production of cotyledonary somatic embryos of white spruce from cultures grown long-term as suspensions was investigated. We report the effects of removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from the maintenance medium (ordinarily containing both 2,4-D and benzyl adenine) before (±)-ABA-stimulated maturation. In particular the use of a 1-wk culture period without 2,4-D was found to improve the production of normal-looking cotyledonary somatic embryos. Using high performance liquid chromatography analyses of culture supernatants, it was determined that this affect was not related to altered ABA metabolism. Germination of cotyledonary somatic embryos from cultures pretreated by the 1-wk culture period without 2,4-D was improved compared with similar embryos from cultures that had not been pretreated.
Channel borrowing: an energy-efficient nanophotonic crossbar architecture with light-weight arbitration

The emerging on-chip optical interconnection has become a promising candidate for future network design because of its advantages in high bandwidth density, low propagation delay and dynamic power consumption. However, a key challenge of on-chip optics is the high static power consumption which dominates the total network power. Hence, it is imperative to design an energy-efficient optical network architecture with high throughput while consuming low static power. In conventional optical crossbars, static channel allocation results in low channel utilization and network throughput, while full channel sharing requires a significant number of microrings, which incurs high static power.To obtain high network throughput with low power consumption, this paper proposes a nanophotonic crossbar architecture with light-weight distributed arbitration. Network channels are allocated to an owner node, but can also be used by a few other nodes during idle time. The number of microring resonators is greatly reduced compared to the full channel sharing architecture. The arbitration is also simplified due to the small number of nodes sharing a channel. Every node can use the statically assigned channel to avoid starvation and borrow an additional idle channel to improve the utilization of the network. We intelligently select the network nodes that should share a channel to increase the chance of successful borrowing with low probability of conflict. The energy efficiency of the proposed network architecture is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency (throughput/watt) and Energy-delay2(ED2) using synthetic traces and traffic traces from PARSEC benchmarks. The simulation results show that our design can improve energy efficiency by 34% and 26% and improve ED^2 by 73% and 45% compared to Single-write-multi-read (SWMR) crossbars and Multi-write-multi-read (MWMR) crossbars respectively.
A density threshold for the expression of longevity in Drosophila melanogaster

Long- and short-lived strains, selected for longevity for up to 27 generations, were raised under two treatments of developmental density. Selected stocks, controls and F1 crosses between them are respectively long-lived, short-lived and intermediate, when raised at a high and uncontrolled developmental density. But when development takes place at a low density, longevity is sharply reduced, showing the existence of a developmental-density threshold for the expression of long life in selected strains and crosses. Selection for longevity is shown to have had effects in males comparable with those in females in the long-lived stock and in reciprocal F1 crosses with the short-lived control. No age-specific effects on longevity were found in progeny from young, middle-aged and old adults.
On Relations of Constituency and Dependency Grammars

This paper looks at integrating dependency and constituency into acommon framework, using the TAG formalism and a differentperspective on the meta-level grammar of Dras (1999a) in which themeta level models dependencies and the object level modelsconstituency. This framework gives consistent dependency analysesof raising verbs interacting with bridge verbs, additionally givinga solution to a problem in Synchronous TAG, and gives appropriateanalyses of subject-auxiliary inversion. This and other evidencesuggests the integration of dependency and constituency is a usefulavenue to explore.
Problems of a multinational company operating in the UK

With an increased emphasis towards international trade, the majority of large and medium-sized companies are following the path of development towards international and eventually multinational status. It is therefore useful for UK companies that are investing overseas to bear in mind that the problems faced by foreign companies investing in the UK are the mirror image of the same problems that they must consider in their oveseas investemt
Tracking of Ice Edges and Ice Floes by Wavelet Analysis of SAR Images

This paper demonstrates the use of wavelet transforms in the tracking of sequential ice features in the ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, especially in situations where feature correlation techniques fail to yield reasonable results. Examples include the evolution of the St. Lawrence polynya and summer sea ice change in the Beaufort Sea. For the polynya, the evolution of the region of young ice growth surrounding a polynya can be easily tracked by wavelet analysis due to the large backscatter difference between the young and old ice. Also within the polynya, a 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to identify the extent of the Langmuir circulation region, which is coincident with the wave-agitated frazil ice growth region, where the sea ice experiences its fastest growth. Therefore, the combination of wavelet and FFT analysis of SAR images provides for the large-scale monitoring of different polynya features. For summer ice, previous work shows that this is the most difficult period for ice trackers due to the lack of features on the sea ice cover. The multiscale wavelet analysis shows that this method delineates the detailed floe shapes during this period, so that between consecutive images, the floe translation and rotation can be estimated.
Enteral administration of three proton-pump-inhibitor formulations

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly administered to critically ill patients in the inpatient setting for the prevention of stress-related mucosal bleeding. It is not uncommon for this patient population to require alternative dosage formulations of medications because of their inability to
Analysis of three aminonitropyrene isomers via fused silica gas chromatography combined with negative ion atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry

Analyse et separation des amino-1 nitro-6 pyrene, amino-1 nitro-8 pyrene et amino-1 nitro-3 pyrene
Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception: A case report and review of the literature

Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception (JGI) is a rare but potentially fatal complication after previous gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery. Because of the prevalence of bariatric surgery, the number of cases of postoperative intussusception has increased markedly. Here, we present the case of a patient with retrograde jejunogastric intussusception, having a previous history of subtotal gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy for peptic ulcer disease. Correct preoperative diagnosis was made by plain abdominal film, upper gastrointestinal series, computed tomographic scan, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopic examination.
Secondary structure of the HAV peptide which regulates cadherin-cadherin interaction

Cadherins are calcium-binding proteins which are responsible for cell-cell adhesion in biological systems. Cadherins are involved in embryo compaction, neurite growth, cellular differentiation and formation of biological barriers (i.e., intestinal and blood brain barriers). A short linear peptide, LRAHAVDVNG-NH2 (Peptide 1), which contains His-Ala-Val sequence and is derived from the N-cadherin sequence has been shown to inhibit embryo compaction and neurite growth; this is caused by inhibition of the cadherin-cadherin interactions. Peptide 1 was synthesized and its solution conformation was determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, circular dichroism and molecular dynamics simulations. These studies indicated that the peptide has an extended structure from residue Leu1 to Asp7, possibly a beta-sheet structure, followed by a beta-turn from Asp7 to Gly10. The X-ray crystal structure of a sequence similar to that of peptide 1 in hemagglutinin indicated that it also has a beta-sheet structure around the HAV sequence, followed by a beta-turn.
Erythrocyte δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase activity in thalassemia major and sickle-cell anemia

Abstract An enzyme deficiency has been postulated to account for the defect in hemoglobin synthesis in certain hereditary anemias. The enzyme necessary for the conversion of δ-aminolevulinic acid to porphobilinogen, an obligatory step in heme synthesis, was assayed. The values obtained from the circulating erythrocyte of patients with thalassemia and sickle-cell anemia were higher than normal.
Fluorescence Reactions of Fluorescamine with Levodopa and its Derivatives: Fluorescence Assay of 3- Methoxy-4- hydroxyphenylalanine in Levodopa Dosage Forms

A simple fluorometric method for the quantitation of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylalanine, either alone or in the presence of levodopa, is presented. Fluorescence is developed by reaction with fluorescamine. The interactions of this reagent with levodopa and a number of its derivatives under various experimental conditions were studied. Negligible fluorescence was obtained with levodopa, dopamine, levodopa benzyl ester, and 6-hydroxydopamine.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in canine oral malignant melanoma

Serum, plasma and tissue expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured in 20 dogs previously diagnosed histologically with oral melanoma. The concentrations of VEGF in serum and plasma were significantly higher in dogs with melanoma than in a control population (P <or= 0.002). Concentrations of VEGF in the serum and plasma of dogs with melanoma were highly correlated (r = 0.867). Ninety-five per cent of melanoma tissues expressed VEGF. Two staining patterns were detected: diffuse and granular cytoplasmic staining. High blood concentrations of VEGF were correlated to a shorter survival time in dogs receiving definitive therapy (P = 0.002). Survival times were significantly longer in dogs receiving definitive therapy versus palliative therapy (median 496 versus 97 days, P = 0.007). Blood concentrations of VEGF were associated with stage (P < 0.05). Dogs with oral melanoma have increased serum, plasma and tissue concentrations of VEGF. Increased expression of VEGF may be a reasonable target for future therapy of canine oral melanoma.
Sulfuric Acid droplet formation and growth in the stratosphere after the 1982 eruption of el chichon.

The eruption of El Chichon Volcano in March and April 1982 resulted in the nucleation of large numbers of new sulfuric acid droplets and an increase by nearly an order of magnitude in the size of the preexisting particles in the stratosphere. Nearly 107 metric tons of sulfuric acid remained in the stratosphere by the end of 1982, about 40 times as much as was deposited by Mount St. Helens in 1980.
Transport measurements in p-type CdTe single crystals and ion-beam doped thin films

Electrical transport properties of phosphorus‐doped p‐type CdTe single crystals and phosphorus‐ion‐beam doped, homoepitaxial thin films have been investigated by means of van der Pauw Hall effect and resistivity measurements as a function of temperature from 8 to 400 K. Analysis of the data indicates a maximum doping level greater than 2×1017 cm−3 in the films, at least as high as in the single crystals. Phosphorus has an ionization energy of about 40 meV, the degree of compensation is smaller in the films, room temperature mobilities of the films are lower than those for single crystals by about 20%, and the temperature dependence of mobility is similar for both crystals and films. Impurity scattering is dominant at lower temperatures and polar mode scattering is dominant at higher temperatures with a maximum mobility at 150–190 K. Both the single crystals and the ion‐assisted doped films show a temperature independent resistivity at temperatures below 40 K, indicating the presence of impurity band condu...
Environmental footprint analysis of on-shore and off-shore wind energy technologies

Wind energy technologies have gained a tremendous interest worldwide to mitigate the environmental impacts related to power generation. In this study, we assess on-shore and off-shore by tracing all of the economy-wide supply chain requirements of wind power plants. The wind turbines consist of two onshore (V80-2.0 MW and V90-3.0 MW) and two offshore (V80-2.0 MW and V90-3.0 MW) turbines, all manufactured by the Vestas Wind Systems A/S.
Idiopathic myelofibrosis in blast transformation with 4;12 and 5;12 translocations and a 7q deletion.

Abstract A case of a patient who developed a leukemic transformation following an 8.5-year history of idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) with myeloid metaplasis is presented. Surface marker analysis identified the blast cells as myeloid in lineage. The karyotype of unstimulated peripheral blood cells was 46,XY,t(4;12)(q26;15),t(5;12)(q13;q24),del(7)(q22). In the literature, the 7q− has a minor association with IMF, and the t(5;12) translocation has been reported in one case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, but neither the t(4;12) nor the combination of these three abnormalities has been reported in IMF.
Mixed Arsenic−Sulfur Metallacyclic Complexes. Synthesis and Structures of (η5-Cp)2M(−SCH3AsSCH3AsS−) (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) and (η5-Cp*)2Zr(−SCH3AsS−)

The sodium-reduced form of the mixed trimer and tetramer of cyclo-methylarsathiane, cyclo-(CH3AsS)3,4 (1), in THF reacts at room temperature with the metallocene dichlorides of group 4 elements to give the metallacycle complexes (η5-Cp)2M(−SCH3AsSCH3AsS−) (M = Ti (2) Zr (3) Hf (4)) and (η5-Cp*)2Zr(−SCH3AsS−) (5). All four complexes were crystallographically characterized. The structures of 2−4 are isomorphous, consisting of a cyclohexane-like six-membered MS3As2 ring in a chair conformation with two η5-Cp rings on the metal atoms in pseudo-equatorial and -axial positions and the methyl groups on arsenic in equatorial positions. These complexes have the same molecular structure as the all-sulfur metallacycles Cp2MS5 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf). Complex 5, containing Cp* groups forms a four-membered metallacycle similar to Cp*2TiS3. However, the related titanocene all-sulfur analogue possesses a puckered “butterfly” ring, while the ring in 5 is nearly planar and similar to the all-arsenic complexes Cp2M(RAs)3 (M = Ti,...
FAT CELL NUMBER AND WEIGHT GAIN IN LITHIUM TREATED PATIENTS

Total amount of fat, fat cell size, and fat cell number were determined in 33 patients under long-term lithium treatment. The weight gain during the treatment was estimated both by the patients themselves (questionnaire) and from their records. A positive correlation between fat cell number and weight gain was found whereas the fat cell size showed no correlation to weight gain.
Investigation and control of aspergillosis and other filamentous fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients

Filamentous fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant patients, and prevention is warranted whenever possible. An increase in invasive aspergillosis was detected among solid organ transplant recipients in our institution during 1991-92. Rates of Aspergillus infection (18.2%) and infection or colonization (42%) were particularly high among lung transplant recipients. Epidemiologic investigation revealed cases to be both nosocomial and community-acquired, and preventative efforts were directed at both sources. Environmental controls were implemented in the hospital, and itraconazole prophylaxis was given in the early period after lung transplantation. The rate of Aspergillus infection in solid organ transplant recipients decreased from 9.4% to 1.5%, and mortality associated with this disease decreased from 8.2% to 1.8%. The rate of Aspergillus infection or colonization among lung transplant recipients decreased from 42% to 22.5%; nosocomial Aspergillus infection decreased from 9% to 3.2%. Cases of aspergillosis in lung transplant recipients were more likely to be early infections in the pre-intervention period. Early mortality in lung transplant recipients decreased from 15% to 3.2%. Two cases of dematiaceous fungal infection were detected, and no further cases occurred after environmental controls. The use of environmental measures that resulted in a decrease in airborne fungal spores, as well as antifungal prophylaxis, was associated with a decrease in aspergillosis and associated mortality in these patients. Ongoing surveillance and continuing intervention is needed for prevention of infection in high-risk solid organ transplant patients.
Passions and interests revisited: the psychological foundations of economics and politics

Homo Politicus, Homo Oeconomicus. Can these two abstract human types meaningfully be distinguished? Is there a characteristic set of motivations that drive human beings in so far as they are political actors and a different set that drive their economic lives? What are the psychological foundations of economics and politics? The answers to these questions have significant implications both for the study and the practice of economics and politics. If homo politicus is essentially identical to homo oeconomicus, it is safe to generalize from the study of economic behavior to political phenomena. If not, such a procedure will distort our understanding of politics. Similarly, if we design political institutions and public policies assuming that people will behave as they do when they confront economic choices, we may find our intentions thwarted if we have neglected the distinctive motivations characteristic of political action.
Lactadherin inhibits enzyme complexes of blood coagulation by competing for phospholipid-binding sites.

Lactadherin, a glycoprotein of the milk-fat globule membrane, contains tandem C domains with homology to discoidin-type lectins and to membrane-binding domains of blood-clotting factors V and VIII. We asked whether the structural homology confers the capacity to compete for the membrane-binding sites of factor VIII and factor V and to function as an anticoagulant. Our results indicate that lactadherin competes efficiently with factor VIII and factor V for binding sites on synthetic phosphatidylserine-containing membranes with half-maximal displacement at lactadherin concentrations of 1 to 4 nM. Binding competition correlated to functional inhibition of factor VIIIa–factor IXa (factor Xase) enzyme complex. In contrast to annexin V, lactadherin was an efficient inhibitor of the prothrombinase and the factor Xase complexes regardless of the degree of membrane curvature and the phosphatidylserine content. Lactadherin also inhibited the factor VIIa–tissue factor complex efficiently whereas annexin V was less effective. Because the inhibitory concentration of lactadherin was proportional to the phospholipid concentration, and because lactadherin was not an efficient inhibitor in the absence of phospholipid, the major inhibitory effect of lactadherin relates to blocking phospholipid sites rather than forming inhibitory protein-protein complexes. Lactadherin was also an effective inhibitor of a modified whole blood prothrombin time assay in which clotting was initiated by dilute tissue factor; 60 nM lactadherin prolonged the prothrombin time 150% versus 20% for 60 nM annexin V. These results indicate that lactadherin can function as a potent phospholipid-blocking anticoagulant.
Quasiclassical Trajectory Calculations of Acetaldehyde Dissociation on a Global Potential Energy Surface Indicate Significant Non-transition State Dynamics

A recent experimental study [Houston, P. L.; Kable, S. H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2006, 103, 16079] of the photodissociation of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) has suggested two distinct mechanisms for the production of the molecular products CH4 + CO. One corresponds to the traditional transition state mechanism and the other to a transition state-skirting path similar to the roaming channel previously reported in formaldehyde. To investigate this theoretically, a full-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) has been constructed. The PES was fit with permutationally invariant polynomials to 135 000 points calculated using coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and a perturbative treatment of triple excitations [CCSD(T)] and correlation consistent basis sets of double- and triple-ζ quality. To test the accuracy of the PES additional CCSD(T) and multireference configuration interaction calculations were carried out. Quasiclassical trajectory calculations were run on the PES starting at th...
Micromechanics modeling of moisture diffusion in woven composites

Woven composite structures are expected to experience a range of hygrothermal environmental conditions during their service life. Since moisture can cause plasticization of the polymer matrix, alter the stress state and degrade the fiber/matrix interface, understanding of moisture absorption and desorption behavior is critical for predicting long-term material and structural performance. This paper focuses on the effect of weave microstructure on the moisture diffusion behavior of polymer matrix woven composites. The effect of tow architectural parameters on the through-the-thickness moisture diffusion behavior is investigated using finite element subcell models with appropriate boundary conditions. The results are presented and discussed in terms of the tow waviness, tow cross-section shape and weave pattern. Simulations of moisture diffusion tests are also conducted for 3-ply woven hybrid composite laminates consisting of uni-weave and 4-harness satin weave, in which the tow fiber volume fractions are determined from image analysis. The results from the simulation are in good agreement with the available test results.
Impaired hypoxic ventilatory response following neonatal sustained and subsequent chronic intermittent hypoxia in rats.

Abstract Neonatal chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) enhances the ventilatory sensitivity to acute hypoxia (acute hypoxic ventilatory response, HVR), whereas sustained hypoxia (SH) can have the opposite effect. Therefore, we investigated whether neonatal rats pre-treated with SH prior to CIH exhibit a modified HVR. Rat pups were exposed to CIH (5% O2/5 min, 8 h/day) between 6 and 15 days of postnatal age (P6-15) after pre-treatment with either normoxia or SH (11% O2; P1-5). Using whole-body plethysmography, the acute (5 min, 10% O2) HVR at P16 (1 day post-CIH) was unchanged following CIH (67.9 ± 6.7% above baseline) and also SH (58.8 ± 10.5%) compared to age-matched normoxic rats (54.7 ± 6.3%). In contrast, the HVR was attenuated (16.5 ± 6.0%) in CIH exposed rats pre-treated with SH. These data suggest that while neonatal SH and CIH alone have little effect on the magnitude of the acute HVR, their combined effects impose a synergistic disturbance to postnatal development of the HVR. These data could provide important insight into the consequences of not maintaining adequate levels of oxygen saturation during the early neonatal period, especially in vulnerable preterm infants susceptible to frequent bouts of hypoxemic events (CIH) that are commonly associated with apnea of prematurity.
Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder: Extinction of compulsive reassurance-seeking

Abstract In this study an extinction procedure was used to treat reassurance-seeking behavior in an obsessive-compulsive child. An ABAB single subject experimental design was used to evaluate the procedure, which was implemented on an outpatient basis by the child's parents. Results indicated that the treatment produced a marked decrease in the frequency of reassurance-seeking behavior. At the time of the one-month follow-up assessment, the frequency of reassurance-seeking behavior was zero. These results are discussed in light of the chronic nature of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Relativistic DFT Calculations of Copper Hyperfine Coupling Constants: Effect of Spin-Orbit Coupling

Relativistic density functional theory (DFT) calculations of transition metal hyperfine interaction (A) tensors have been completed for a series of Cu2+ complexes including Cu(Quin)2, Cu(Acac)2, Cu(l-AlaO)2, and [Cu(Ox)2]2-. The A tensors were calculated with the zero order regular approximation (ZORA) for relativistic effects as implemented in the Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF) program. For the isotropic hyperfine coupling constant, the agreement between the calculated and experimental values was quite good, but the good agreement was determined to be a result of a cancellation of errors due to the neglect of spin−orbit coupling and an underestimation of core spin polarization. The anisotropic components of the hyperfine coupling constant calculated with the scalar-relativistic spin-restricted open-shell Kohn Sham (SO + SR ROKS) method provided the best agreement with experimental values.
Rescue of axotomized rubrospinal neurons by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the developing opossum, Didelphis virginiana

Many rubrospinal neurons die in developing opossums when their axon is cut at thoracic levels of the spinal cord and in the present study we asked whether they can be rescued by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Bilateral injections of Fast Blue (FB) were made into the rostral lumbar cord to prelabel rubrospinal neurons and 5 days later the rubrospinal tract was cut unilaterally by hemisecting the thoracic cord. Immediately after hemisection, BDNF-soaked gelfoam was placed into the lesion cavity. Since pilot data indicated that one application of BDNF was not sufficient to produce a rescue effect, a second application was made 7 days later. Seven days after the second application the pups were killed by an overdose of anesthetic so that the red nucleus contralateral and ipsilateral to the lesion site could be examined for labeled neurons. The rubrospinal tract is almost entirely crossed, so the red nucleus contralateral to the lesion contained many axotomized neurons, whereas the red nucleus ipsilateral to it did not. Age-matched controls were subjected to the same procedures, but the gelfoam applied to the lesion site in the experimental animals was soaked only in the vehicle used to deliver BDNF. In all cases, labeled neurons were fewer in number in the red nucleus contralateral to the lesion than ipsilateral to it. It was of particular interest, however, that labeled neurons contralateral to the lesion were more numerous in the animals treated with BDNF than in the controls. We conclude that BDNF rescues at least some rubrospinal neurons from axotomy-induced cell death in developing opossums suggesting that loss of access to BDNF, and perhaps other neurotrophins, contributes to failure of rubrospinal neurons to survive axotomy.
Matter effects on observable vacuum oscillations of solar neutrinos

Abstract The spectrum of neutrinos from the sun contains large fluxes of monoenergetic neutrinos which could be observed in the next generation of solar neutrino detectors. Oscillations of solar neutrinos may be probed directly by looking for time varations in the terrestrial measurement of a monoenergetic neutrino flux. The phase of the time variations depends on the matter distribution near the surface of the sun, where the level crossing region lies. This phase is calculated using the analytical solution to the neutrino prepagation equation for an exponential density distribution.
Contribution of videothoracoscopy to the management of the cancer patient.

Background: Videothoracoscopy has rapidly become a popular procedure, but its technical feasibility has been emphasized without critically evaluating its role in the management of thoracic disease. To assess the value of videothoracoscopy in the diagnosis and staging of the cancer patient and to determine if it has added to our previous standard approach of thoracoscopy performed with a mediastinoscope without video, we established a prospective database when we initiated videothoracoscopy in January 1992.
Properties of Bovine Oligodendroglia Isolated by a New Procedure Using Physiologic Conditions

A new class of procedures, previously shown to permit the isolation of pure oligodendroglia from whole rat cerebrum, has been applied with equal or greater success for the bulk isolation of this cell type from bovine white matter. Thus, the generality of this approach has been demonstrated. The bovine preparations have a purity of greater than 90% intact, phase-bright oligodendroglia and are obtained in a yield of 8 x 10(6) cells per gram of white matter. Within 1 day it is possible to obtain a preparation containing 60 mg of protein from a single cell type. These cells show a higher degree of ultrastructural preservation of all cytoplasmic constituents than previously obtained. The values for protein (33 pg/cell), DNA (5.4 pg/cell), and lipid (5-6 pg/cell) are very similar to those obtained with an earlier procedure. The cell lipids are rich in galactolipid, which comprises 20% of the total. The activity of the "myelin-specific" enzyme, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.4.37), is 4.7 mumol/min/mg protein, similar to that obtained previously for isolated oligodendroglia and about 25-40% of that found in myelin. The activity of 5'-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) in the cells is about 10% of that in myelin or white matter.
Mono- and Indolamines and Control of LH Secretion

To determine the effect of biogenic amines on LH release in rats, blood samples were drawn by cardiac puncture in etheranesthetized animals bearing chronic cannulae in the third ventricle (3rd V) immediately before and 15 min after intraventricular injection of various drugs. In the interim between removal of the 2 blood samples the rats recovered from anesthesia. Plasma LH was measured by radioimmunoassay. Serotonin (5-HT) did not alter plasma LH levels significantly at any stage of 4-day estrous cycles. Norepinephrine (NE) also failed to produce over-all significant changes in plasma LH although there were some positive responses. Dopamine (DA) raised LH to levels as high as 8- or 10-fold above controls (p<.01) in rats on the 2nd day of diestrus (D2) or in proestrus (P). DA proved to be less effective in Dl or estrus (E). In normal males DA raised plasma LH in 5 out of 9 animals (p<.02), whereas NE was ineffective. The effect of DA in D2 and P rats could be blocked by simultaneous 3rd V injection of 30 ...
Analysis of the discontinuous Galerkin method for Hamilton—Jacobi equations

Abstract Hamilton–Jacobi equations are frequently encountered in applications, e.g., calculus of variations, control theory and differential games. In this paper a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi equations (first proposed by Hu and Shu (to appear)) is investigated. This method handles the complicated geometry by using arbitrary triangulation, achieves the high order accuracy in smooth regions and the high resolution of the derivatives discontinuities. Theoretical results on accuracy and stability properties of the method are proved for certain cases and related numerical examples are presented.
Evaluation of factors in high risk neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

Fifty-four neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were separated on basis of outcome. Of 35 factors compared between a high-risk and a low-risk group, only six were found to be statistically significant and useful in the development of a NEC score: (1) number of days before beginning enteral feedings; (2) blood pH; (3) serum bicarbonate concentration; (4) white blood cell differential; (5) abdominal tenderness; and (6) presence of portal vein gas. All laboratory values and physical and radiographic findings were from the initial presentation of NEC. Neonates with a score of 3 or more are at an increased risk of developing severe NEC with a >50% mortality. The study suggests that enteral feedings should be withheld from neonates at risk of developing NEC for the first 12 days of life.
Combined vaccination with HER-2 peptide followed by therapy with VEGF peptide mimics exerts effective anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo

Overexpression of HER-2 and VEGF plays a key role in the development and metastasis of several human cancers. Many FDA-approved therapies targeting both HER-2 (Trastuzumab, Herceptin) and VEGF (Bevacizumab, Avastin) are expensive, have unacceptable toxicities and are often associated with the development of resistance. Here, we evaluate the dual antitumor effects of combining designed particular HER-2 peptide vaccine with VEGF peptide mimics. In vitro, HER-2 phosphorylation and antibody-dependent cellular toxicity were used to validate whether combining HER-2- and VEGF-targeting therapies would be effective. Moreover, a two-pronged approach was tested in vivo: (1) active immunotherapy with conformational HER-2 B-cell epitope vaccines and (2) anti-angiogenic therapy with a peptide structured to mimic VEGF. A transplantable BALB/c mouse model challenged with TUBO cells was used to test the effects of the HER-2 peptide vaccine combined with VEGF peptide mimics. Tumor sections after treatment were stained for blood vessel density and actively dividing cells. Our results show that immunization with an HER-2 peptide epitope elicits high affinity HER-2 native antibodies that are effective in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo, an effect that is enhanced by VEGF peptide mimics. We demonstrate that the combination of HER-2 and VEGF peptides induces potent anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic responses.
162. Internet Access And Attitudes Toward Online Personal Health Information Among Detained Youth

To assess Internet access and usage patterns among high-risk youth involved in the juvenile justice system, and to determine if health information technology tools might play a useful role in more actively engaging this population in their health care. METHODS: A sample of 79 youth between the ages of 13 and 18 years old underwent a structured interview while detained in a large, North- ern California juvenile detention facility. After an institutional review board-approved assent/consent process, youth discussed their typical Internet use when not detained, as well as their attitudes toward online access to their personal health information (PHI). RESULTS: Detained youth from predominantly underserved, minority communities, reported high levels of access to the Internet while out- side of the detention setting, with 97% reporting using the Internet at least once per month and 87% at least weekly. Furthermore, 90% of these youth expressed interest in accessing their PHI online and shar- ing it with either parents or physicians. CONCLUSIONS: Detained adolescents describe unexpectedly high usage oftheInternetandonlineresourceswhentheyareoutsideofthejuvenile hall setting. These youth show an interest in, and may benefi tf rom, accessing their PHI online. Further studies are needed to understand the potential health benefits that may be realized by engaging this pop- ulation through online tools. Pediatrics 2012;130:914-917
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder in an adolescent female.

Abstract Background A severe cyclic constellation of affective symptoms during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is termed premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Case A 17-yr-old female was referred for evaluation of behavior changes with her menses. Parents noted behavior changes, two to three days before the onset and lasting till the end of her menses. Menarche was at 13 years. Periods were regular, with normal flow and duration and no dysmenorrhea. Psychosocial history was unremarkable. There was no history of sexual activity or abuse. Her physical exam was unremarkable. With the working diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric syndrome she was asked to keep track of her menses on a menstrual calendar and her symptoms with a daily diary. She was treated with Fluoxetine 20 mg/day during the luteal phase of her menstrual cycle with complete resolution of her symptoms. Comments In PMDD the mood disturbance occurs during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (approximately 1 week before the onset of menstrual bleeding), remits after the onset of menses, and can be established by a prospective daily symptom log for two consecutive cycles. The symptoms are more severe than that of premenstrual syndrome, are associated with significant functional impairment and are cyclical. Symptoms were documented prospectively as starting a few days before her menstrual bleeding and remitting at the end of it. She responded to episodic use of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. This disorder needs to be better recognized, because it can be easily treated.
Prospects for finding unexpectedly low thresholds for the biological effects of exogenous ELF fields

Seemingly trivial exogenous ELF fields can have readily detectable biological effects if there is sufficient concentration of the fields upon appropriate structures, if each structure so affected modulates an associated sensitive process, and if the outputs of an ensemble of such processes are subsequently integrated; this mechanism is illustrated by the well-known sensitivity of sharks and rays to applied electric fields. Moreover, if an exogenous influence affects a physiological variable at all and if the probability distribution of that variable is related to the incidence of an observable sequela, then the incidence of that sequela can be doubled by an arbitrarily small change of the influence if the observable sequela was sufficiently rare to begin with! Finally, it is asserted that neither a specialized sensory system in an aquatic organism nor a speculative mechanism by which the incidence of rare events might be increased is sufficient to demonstrate convincingly the existence of ELF bioeffects of relevance to humans: only positive experimental data, quantitatively replicable upon demand, suffice to do that; and the generation of such data should be the primary goal of ELF bioeffects research.
Gel electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries☆

Abstract The electrochemical performance of gel electrolytes based on crosslinked poly[ethyleneoxide-co-2-(2-methoxyethyoxy)ethyl glycidyl ether-co-allyl glycidyl ether] was investigated using graphite/Li1.1[Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]0.9O2 lithium-ion cells. It was found that the conductivity of the crosslinked gel electrolytes was as high as 5.9 mS/cm at room temperature, which is very similar to that of the conventional organic carbonate liquid electrolytes. Moreover, the capacity retention of lithium-ion cells comprising gel electrolytes was also similar to that of cells with conventional electrolytes. Despite of the high conductivity of the gel electrolytes, the rate capability of lithium-ion cells comprising gel electrolytes is inferior to that of the conventional cells. The difference was believed to be caused by the poor wettability of gel electrolytes on the electrode surfaces.
Beam shape of coherently-combined optical arrays

In many applications, the utility of coherently-driven arrays of spatially distributed optical apertures is highly dependent on the "power in the bucket", i.e., power in the main lobe of the beam. This depends on the illumination pattern of the individual apertures (e.g., truncated-Gaussian) via a geometric efficiency η of order unity. It depends more strongly on the areal fill factor FA, i.e., the degree to which the emitting apertures (exclusive of the support structure between the apertures) cover the entire array face. Starting from first principles, we derive rigorous formulations of certain measures of array beam shape and extract a small set of heuristically-motivated but robust performance measures. At a range R, the peak irradiance I p is P tot A array F A η/λ 2 R 2 . In terms of the effective diameter D eff , which depends on the second moment 2 > of the emitted amplitude and is equal to the actual diameter for a uniformly illuminated ("top-hat") circular emitter, we find for a wide range of near-field irradiance distributions that the power in the bucket P B is given by (1.05±0.05)×(λR/D eff ) 2 I p .
Research Activity at the Annual Graduate Student Research Conference in Hospitality & Tourism

This study seeks to find: (a) the level and influence of support students receive to attend a graduate student research conference in hospitality and tourism, and (b) what they do as the next step with the research they present at the conference (publish, continue working on the project, or terminate research). A total of 110 attendees at the 14th Annual Graduate Student Research Conference in Hospitality & Tourism in Las Vegas, Nevada were surveyed. There is a significant positive relationship between presenting a conference paper and later submitting journal publications, with doctoral students having more intention than master's students to publish the material they presented at the graduate conference.
The Stubborn Earth: American Agriculturalists on Chinese Soil, 1898-1937

This is a study of the first major American effort to aid a developing countryChinain the early twentieth century. Anyone interested in U.S.-China relations and in the American presence abroad will find it provocative and frequently moving."
Kinetics of protein denaturation at gas—liquid interfaces

Abstract Denaturation of acid phosphatase at the gas-liquid interface has been studied experimentally and analytically for protein solution in laminar flow with a free gas-liquid interface. The rate of loss of enzyme activity due to interfacial denaturation is shown to depend on gas-liquid contact time and surface generation rate. At the molecular level, both adsorption and denaturation are rate-limiting at short contact times. At long contact times adsorption and denaturation are complete, and the overall loss of enzyme activity depends only on the surface generation rate. Experimental results are consistent with a primary adsorbed layer of unfolded enzyme in an amino acid monolayer. The first-order rate constant for interfacial inactivation is estimated to be 0.26 sec−1 at 37°C. Interfacial denaturation is reduced in the presence of additional surface-active materials.
Adaptive digital watermarking using fuzzy logic techniques

Digital watermarking has been proposed for copyright protection in our digital society. We propose an adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on the human visual system model and a fuzzy logic technique. The fuzzy logic approach is employed to obtain the different strengths and lengths of a watermark by the local characteristics of the image in our proposed scheme. In our experiments, this scheme provides a more robust and imperceptible watermark.
A theorem in database concurrency control

Consider two straight-line programs a and b, and let h be a set of sequences of steps of a and b, possibly interleaved, but each containing all steps of a and b in the right order. A necessary and sufficient condition is given for h to be realisable as the set of all sequences of steps which are legal under some insertion of lock-unlock steps between the steps of a and b. 13 references.