cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors for EGFR- and ALK-mutated non-small cell lung cancer

Discovery of the epidermal growth receptor (EGFR) activating mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements has expanded the therapeutic landscape in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Survival outcomes for patients with these mutations have improved dramatically with EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Multiple generations of EGFR and ALK TKIs have been rapidly developed, and patients and clinicians now have several options for first- and second-line treatments. While these small molecule TKIs have some similarities in therapeutic and pharmacologic profiles, the differences can be clinically substantial, allowing tailored treatment for each unique patient. This review details the clinical efficacy, pharmacology, safety profiles, CNS penetration, and mechanisms of resistance of the four EGFR TKIs and three ALK TKIs that are currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA).
Popular Accounts of the Greenwich Bombing

In order to explore the contemporary context of Conrad’s novel, the commentary on the bombing at the heart of The Secret Agent is explored here through press accounts of the event in popular newspapers, accounts from anarchist sources (with a focus on the Nicoll pamphlet), and finally an “anarchist” perspective in the debut novel, A Girl Among the Anarchists, by the Rosetti sisters, Helen and Olive, under the pseudonym Isabel Meredith, comparing the Rosetti account with Nicoll’s pamphlet. The sources are evaluated and compared to The Secret Agent, and then they are considered for Conrad’s likely access to them.
The endothelial cell secretome as a novel treatment to prime adipose-derived stem cells for improved wound healing in diabetes

Abstract Background Chronic wounds are a common surgical problem exacerbated by diabetes and ischemia. Although adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have shown promise as a wound healing therapy, their function and proliferation are hindered in diabetes. This study examines the ability of the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) secretome to reverse the deleterious effects of high glucose concentrations on ASCs through priming, thereby enhancing their ability to participate in angiogenesis and wound healing. Methods Institutional review board-approved human ASCs were cultured in M199 medium with or without glucose (30 mmol/L). HUVEC were grown in 30 mmol/L glucose-containing M199 medium; the resulting conditioned medium (HUVEC-CM) was collected every 3 days and used to prime ASCs. An aliquot of HUVEC-CM was heated (85°C for 30 minutes) to produce thermal denaturation of protein. Viability, proliferation, and endothelial differentiation were measured by MTT assays, growth curves, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. A Matrigel assay was used to assess the ability of primed ASCs to participate in capillary-like tube formation. An Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee–approved in vivo murine model of diabetic and ischemic hindlimbs was used to evaluate the angiogenic potential of primed stem cells. Human ASCs were cultured with either control M199 or HUVEC-CM. Mice were randomized to a control group, an unprimed ASC group, or a HUVEC-primed ASC group. Cellular therapies were injected into the ischemic muscle. Thirty days later, slides were made. Microvessels were counted by three blinded observers. Results MTT assays revealed that HUVEC-priming induced a 1.5 times increase in cell viability over diabetic controls. This promoting effect was lost with heated HUVEC-CM ( P P = .013) and exhibited atrophic morphology. Conversely, diabetic HUVEC-primed stem cells demonstrated a nearly four-fold increase in proliferation ( P P Conclusions HUVECs secrete protein factors that significantly increase proliferation and endothelial differentiation of ASCs under diabetic conditions. Injection of ischemic hindlimbs in diabetic mice with HUVEC-primed ASCs leads to enhanced angiogenesis.
Constructing crosscap number two surfaces from low-complexity handcuff graphs

We introduce a method of constructing crosscap number two surfaces from low-complexity handcuff diagrams. This construction is then used to verify the known crosscap number two knots with crossing number twelve or less and find explicit crosscap minimizing surfaces for these knots. The collection of surfaces provides evidence that all crosscap number two knots with crossing number less than 13 have been identified, and further suggests an expansion of the satellite conjecture.
Influencia del capital humano en las diferencias regionales en Colombia durante el periodo 1990-2010

En el periodo comprendido entre 1990 y 2010, se marca una tendencia fuerte en la influencia ejercida por la generacion de capital humano, abriendo la brecha entre las diferentes regiones fisicas y economicas del pais. El analisis de la problematica sugiere una perspectiva modelica que va desde la estadistica hasta la contabilidad, pasando por la vision y los resultados propios de la politica economica. Se asume en el articulo que el analisis de tal influencia bajo los parametros del analisis econometrico, permitirian observar, describir y explicar las diferencias regionales en el desarrollo economico del pais.
The University of California at San Francisco AIDS Health Project: A Community Psychiatry Approach to the AIDS Epidemic

With regard to the psychiatric and psychosocial aspects of HIV disease, the community plays an essential role in issues of prevention, early testing, provision of clinical services, counseling, and public education. San Francisco has been a leader in establishing comprehensive and effective community programs that deal with all aspects of the epidemic. The AIDS Health Project has developed community-based programs that address the psychological ramifications of HIV disease. This article describes the progress of these programs from the beginning of the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s to the 1990s. It discusses how these programs emerge and change in the face of new information, demographic changes, and community needs. The project represents a unique effort of public-private partnership in providing innovative service and education in the fight against AIDS.
The Telencephalon of Teleosts

The structure of the teleost forebrain (and that of other actinopterygians) is unusual in that there are no lateral ventricles and the two hemispheres are solid lobes separated by a slitlike ventricle. The lobes are covered with an ependymal membrane which is attached to the dorsolateral margins of the hemispheres. One suggestion has been that this forebrain structure is the result of a process of eversion during development (Gage, 1893; Holmgren, 1922; Miller, 1940; Kallen, 1947, 1951), whereas the forebrains of most other vertebrates develop by inversion followed by an evagination (Fig. 1B). The proposed eversion growth process would rearrange the functional organization of the dorsal telencephalon, and thus the hippocampal pallium would be in a lateral position, the general cortex dorsal, and the pyriform pallium dorsomedial (Fig. 1C), departing markedly from the arrangement found in inverted-evaginated brains, where the hippocampal pallium is dorsomedial and the pyriform pallium lateral (Fig. 1B).
Molecular Mechanisms of Protein Misfolding

Abstract Unlike folded proteins that possess a single native fold that is determined only by their amino acid sequence, protein aggregates (fibrils and oligomers) are structurally highly diverse. The core of amyloid fibrils is composed of stacks of β-sheets, providing their structure with a high level of stability. High variability of packing arrangements within the fibril allows the same polypeptide chain to form amyloid fibrils with different tertiary structures. Fibrils propagate their tertiary structure by seeding; however, this process is imperfect and it results in structural alterations. Amyloid oligomers are the smaller aggregates; they have even higher conformational flexibility. Oligomers usually also rely on β-sheet stacking for intermolecular interactions, although there is a much higher degree of disorder in their structure compared to fibrils. Many oligomers are also capable of self-propagation by seeding. In this chapter we describe the mechanism of formation and the structural features of protein aggregates.
Space-Based Unidirectional Networks and Resiliency

The bidirectionality of networks makes them resilient, but also vulnerable to propagating failures from cyberattacks. Unidirectional systems are mostly immune to cyberattack. The radio navigation component of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is unidirectional. However, it may be assessed as a bidirectional network when it is used to provide equivalent information in place of terrestrial networks that have failed. GPS thus serves as a case study for a novel mathematical formulation of the contribution of space-based unidirectional systems to the resilience of strategic cyber networks. The technical basis for this formulation is a parametric model of the exceedance probability for N GPS satellites in view of a receiver. The exceedance probabilities form an N+1 node network whose spectral radius can be computed. Three resiliency attributes for space-based unidirectional networks that use the resulting spectral radii are examined: connectedness as a function of failure, unidirectionality, and directness.
Knee Injuries: Conservative Management, Operative Management, and Return to Sport

Knee injuries are common in all age groups, including the increasingly active population of masters athletes. Knee injuries in this age group range from acute injuries such as ACL tears to degenerative changes leading to osteoarthritis. Appropriate treatment allows the athlete to not only return to physical activity but also to maintain the mental benefits associated with exercise. Acute injury such as an ACL tear can be treated non-operatively with physical therapy in a select group of patients, but high-demand athletes involved in activities with directional change benefit from ACL reconstruction. Knee osteoarthritis is addressed with a progression of treatment options, including maintenance of a healthy weight, physical therapy, bracing, oral supplements, NSAIDs, and varying intra-articular injections, including corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid, and biologic injections. Surgical treatments include cartilage restoration, osteotomy, and partial or total knee arthroplasty. The ultimate goal is to increase function and decrease pain to allow the masters athlete return to activity.
The Use of Orally Recorded Exam Feedback as a Supplement to Written Comments

While written comments are a popular and potentially effective method of student exam feedback, these comments are often overshadowed by students' focus on their grades. In this paper I discuss the...
Human Influences on the Northern Yellowstone Range

On the Ground • For thousands of years before Yellowstone National Park was created in 1872, hunting and burning by Native Americans were fundamental components of the natural ecological processes on the Northern Range. • Impacts by Euro-American fur trappers, miners, ranchers, natural resource managers, tourists, and others have shaped the land and wildlife of the Northern Range for the past two centuries. • More controlled burning is needed today to purposely mimic the low-intensity fires set by Native Americans in the prehistoric and historical past. • Greater control of bison and elk populations is needed today to sustain the natural abundances of native plants and animals and sustain the natural functioning of ecosystem processes. • More controlled burning and greater control of bison and elk numbers are actions consistent with National Park Service policy and consistent with current management of other U.S. national parks.
Prolegomena: The Bhagavad Gītā: A Timeless Manual for Self-Mastery and Leadership

The Bhagavad Gitā literally means the “Song of the Supreme Being.” This opening chapter introduces the Bhagavad Gitā as a timeless manual for Self-mastery and leadership. After briefly recounting the author’s preparation for this book, it offers pointers on how to approach the teachings of the Gitā. It lays out the setting by providing an overview of the subject matter of the Gitā and its relevance for contemporary leaders and organizations. Additionally, it provides a synoptic overview of all the chapters of this book. Each chapter of the book is presented integrally as an independent whole, and yet the teachings of the Gitā are unfolded in a progressive manner.
BENCH MARKS IN PERMAFROST AREAS

Available literature on the problem of establishing reliable, permanent bench marks in permafrost areas is reviewed. The factors that influence stability are noted and some of the methods devised t...
Odontogenic Cyst From an Ectopic Supernumerary Tooth Impacted in the Orbital Floor

Objectives:Supernumerary dentition has been found to occur in various areas of the head and neck. Although they are commonly found along the dental arch, there are some instances of ectopic supernu...
Analyzing Processing Time Data in Applied Linguistics and Second Language Research: A Multivariate Mixed-effects Approach

In this paper, I introduce the use of an extension of the popular linear mixed-effects models: multivariate mixed models which can handle multiple outcome variables. This technique is especially useful for applied linguists and second language researchers who use processing time data (e.g., accuracy and reaction times) obtained from timed decision tasks, text-based eye tracking, and self-paced reading. It can address the long-standing issue of multiple comparisons as a result of having multiple outcomes (e.g., first fixation durations and total reading times in text-based eye tracking, and time spent in different regions in self-paced reading). This technique also provides exciting opportunities for researchers to ask new questions that could not be addressed in a straightforward manner with traditional statistics. With this technique, researchers are able to investigate differential effects of a predictor on different outcomes. Through a demonstration in R using published, open eye-tracking data, I contextualize my discussion of the technique, offering also practical, step-by-step, and annotated guidelines for interested researchers.
Effect of diamond additive on the fission gas release in UO2 fuel irradiated to 7.2 GWd/tHM

Abstract UO2 pellets containing 5 vol% diamond particles were irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactor at an LHGR of up to 310 W/cm to the burnup of 7.2 GWd/tHM. Fission gas release, measured during post-irradiation examination, was determined to be 1.08%. Fission gas release modeling performed using BISON fuel performance code showed that undoped UO2 fuel irradiated under the identical conditions, would have had fission gas release of 9.09%. Noting that diamond has the highest thermal conductivity of any known material, these results suggest that doping with a good thermal conductor is an effective means to reduce fission gas release in UO2 fuels.
Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous (IV) Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to IV Hydromorphone for Acute Severe Pain in Emergency Department Patients.

Background A fundamental challenge for emergency department (ED) clinicians is to relieve severe, acute pain while simultaneously avoiding adverse events associated with opioid analgesics. Because there is evidence that intravenous (IV) acetaminophen is an effective adjuvant analgesic in postoperative settings, we examined whether it also has a role in the ED. Methods This was a two-arm, double-blind randomized clinical trial. All patients received 1 mg of IV hydromorphone. Patients were then randomized to receive 1 g of IV acetaminophen or placebo. The primary outcome was the between-group difference in change in pain from baseline (before treatment) to 60 minutes after administration of study drugs, measured on an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Results Of 828 patients screened, 162 were enrolled and 159 had the primary outcome. Patients allocated to acetaminophen + hydromorphone had a mean decline in pain from baseline to 60 minutes of 6.2 NRS units; those receiving placebo + hydromorphone had a mean decline of 5.4, a difference of 0.8 NRS units (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.01 to 1.8). Two patients in each group received additional analgesics in the first 60 minutes of the study. At 120 minutes the NRS pain difference was 0.6 (95% CI = -0.4 to 1.6). A total of 26.9% of patients who received acetaminophen wanted more analgesia versus 37.7% of those given placebo (difference = -10.8%, 95% CI = -24.3% to 4.4%). The incidence of adverse effects was similar in both groups. Conclusions The addition of 1 g of IV acetaminophen to 1 mg of IV hydromorphone provided neither clinically meaningful nor statistically superior analgesia than hydromorphone alone.
Factors Associated with Quality and Adequacy of Medical Student Feedback on Core Obstetrics and Gynecology Clerkships from the Student and Clerkship Director Perspective: Secondary Analyses of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective We sought to investigate factors associated with improved feedback quality during third-year obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) clerkships. Design This prospective cohort study assessed relationships of student and clerkship characteristics to the quantity and quality of feedback during OBGYN clerkships according to the clerkship director and third-year medical students. Setting This study took place in a university-based hospital setting in which medical students rotate for 6 weeks on core clerkships during the third year of medical school. Participants Third year medical students participating in core OBGYN clerkships during the 2018 to 2019 academic year. Results One hundred and ten students participated. Students with better clerkship scores reported higher quality of feedback, effectiveness of teaching, and quality of the clerkship overall, but did not receive a higher quantity or quality of feedback per the clerkship director. In multivariate modeling, the only factor affecting the clerkship director's rating of feedback adequacy was the number of preceptors who had given feedback. Factors associated with better student-reported feedback quality included midclerkship feedback adequacy and attendings and residents teaching procedures. Conclusions Improved feedback for medical students on core OBGYN clerkships is associated with more preceptors offering feedback, midclerkship feedback adequacy, and preceptors teaching procedures.
Between the Ottomans and the Entente: the First World War in the Syrian and Lebanese Diaspora, 1908–1925: by S. Fahrenthold, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2019, pp. 240, $74.00, ISBN: 9780190872137

By centring migrant stories, Stacy Fahrenthold’s debut monograph, Between the Ottomans and the Entente: The First World War in the Syrian and Lebanese Diaspora, 1908–1925 (Oxford University Press, ...
A Novel Role for Histone Deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) in the Regulation of PD-L1 Expression and Immune Tolerance Mediated By Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs)

Abstract Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) play a central role in determining T-cell activation versus T-cell anergy in the context of tumor growth. The inflammatory status of APCs at the time of tumor antigen presentation has been proposed as explanation for the induction of such divergent T-cell outcomes. This overall inflammatory status of APCs can be regulated epigenetically. HDAC10 is a member of the class IIb family of HDACs that represses gene transcription independent of its deacetylase activity when tethered to a promoter. It is normally expressed in liver, kidney, pancreas and spleen and its overexpression has been shown to accelerate cancer development. While we previously demonstrated a role for HDAC6, the other member of the class IIb family, in control of APC inflammatory vs tolerogenic status (Cheng F et al, J Immunol 2014), little is known about the role (if any) of HDAC10 in regulating APC's function. Here we show for the first time that knockdown of HDAC10 in APCs, using shRNA specific for murine HDAC10 or non-target control (NT), resulted in the induction of inflammatory APCs displaying an 20-30% increased expression of MHC class II molecules and abrogation of PD-L1 gene transcription (4 fold decreased) and expression as compared to controls. To further confirm these results in vivo, HDAC10 knock out (KO) mice were used. These HDAC10 KO mice, as compared to wild type (WT) mice, reveal no gross macroscopic abnormalities in any lymphoid organs. Macrophages isolated from HDAC10 KO mice demonstrated increased expression of MHC II molecules and decreased expression of PD-L1, analogous to the shRNA data. Furthermore, in vitro co-culture of these macrophages with antigen-specific CD4+ T cells lead to effective priming of naive CD4+ T-cells and restoration of the responsiveness of tolerant T-cells, as determined by their 3 fold increased production of IL-2 and IFN-g in response to cognate antigen. This demonstrates that APCs lacking HDAC10 are more immunogenic than control cells. Finally, to assess the role of HDAC10 in tumor immunity, we challenged HDAC10KO mice as well as WT control with murine mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cells (FC-muMCL1 cells) given s.c. and measured tumor growth. A significant delay in MCL growth was observed in HDAC10KO mice as compared to WT controls (p In summary, our studies have unveiled previously unknown immunoregulatory properties of HDAC10. In particular, its regulatory effects upon the expression of the tolerogenic molecule PD-L1, opens new frontiers for the understanding of PD-L1 regulation and points to disruption of the HDAC10/PD-L1 axis as a novel epigenetic target for cancer immunotherapy. Disclosures Smith: Gilead: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kite Pharma: Research Funding; Morphosys: Consultancy; Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
Kant, Celmins and Art after the End of Art

One typically thinks of the relevance of Kant’s aesthetic theory to Western art in terms of Modernism, thanks in large part to the work of eminent critic and art historian Clement Greenberg. Yet, thinking of Kant’s legacy for contemporary art as inhering exclusively in “Kantian formalism” obscures a great deal of Kant’s aesthetic theory. In his last book, Arthur Danto suggested just this point, urging us to enlarge our appreciation of Kant’s aesthetic theory and its relevance to contemporary art, because, for Danto, “Kant had two conceptions of art.” In this essay, I support and build on Danto’s claim that there are really two conceptions of art at work in Kant’s third Critique , and that the second conception offers a non-Modernist/formalist way that Kant’s aesthetic theory remains relevant to post 1960s art (art “after the end of art” in Danto’s terms). My ultimate aim is to highlight another facet in the continuing relevance of Kant’s aesthetic theory to post- Abstract Expressionist contemporary art, namely, the explicit attention to the differential aesthetic values of nature and art respectively. I shall do this by putting it in dialogue with the art practice of Latvian-American artist, Vija Celmins (1938- ) whose illustrious career since 1960s has made her an ‘artist’s artist’ but who has also recently garnered much wider attention with a retrospective titled “To Fix the Image in Memory.” Celmins takes up artistically a problematic that is quite central philosophically to the concerns of the third Critique , and thus her work illustrates (even if unconsciously) another way in which Kant’s aesthetic theory is of great continuing relevance to the artworld today.
Prevalence and Medication Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Among Primary Care Patients with Hepatitis C and HIV.

Hepatitis C and HIV are associated with opioid use disorders (OUD) and injection drug use. Medications for OUD can prevent the spread of HCV and HIV. To describe the prevalence of documented OUD, as well as receipt of office-based medication treatment, among primary care patients with HCV or HIV. Retrospective observational cohort study using electronic health record and insurance data. Adults ≥ 18 years with ≥ 2 visits to primary care during the study (2014–2016) at 6 healthcare systems across five states (CO, CA, OR, WA, and MN). The primary outcome was the diagnosis of OUD; the secondary outcome was OUD treatment with buprenorphine or oral/injectable naltrexone. Prevalence of OUD and OUD treatment was calculated across four groups: HCV only; HIV only; HCV and HIV; and neither HCV nor HIV. In addition, adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of OUD treatment associated with HCV and HIV (separately) were estimated, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and site. The sample included 1,368,604 persons, of whom 10,042 had HCV, 5821 HIV, and 422 both. The prevalence of diagnosed OUD varied across groups: 11.9% (95% CI: 11.3%, 12.5%) for those with HCV; 1.6% (1.3%, 2.0%) for those with HIV; 8.8% (6.2%, 11.9%) for those with both; and 0.92% (0.91%, 0.94%) among those with neither. Among those with diagnosed OUD, the prevalence of OUD medication treatment was 20.9%, 16.0%, 10.8%, and 22.3%, for those with HCV, HIV, both, and neither, respectively. HCV was not associated with OUD treatment (AOR = 1.03; 0.88, 1.21), whereas patients with HIV had a lower probability of OUD treatment (AOR = 0.43; 0.26, 0.72). Among patients receiving primary care, those diagnosed with HCV and HIV were more likely to have documented OUD than those without. Patients with HIV were less likely to have documented medication treatment for OUD.
How do shocks realign interest group lobbying in congress? Evidence from ecuador

How does the coordination strategy of interest groups change during a crisis? Shocks reduce an economy's resource pool and increase the competition for what is available. Interest groups participat...
Self-explaining Neural Network with Plausible Explanations.

Explaining the predictions of complex deep learning models, often referred to as black boxes, is critical in high-stakes domains like healthcare. However, post-hoc model explanations often are not understandable by clinicians and are difficult to integrate into clinical workflow. Further, while most explainable models use individual clinical variables as units of explanation, human understanding often rely on higher-level concepts or feature representations. In this paper, we propose a novel, self-explaining neural network for longitudinal in-hospital mortality prediction using domain-knowledge driven Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) organ-specific scores as the atomic units of explanation. We also design a novel procedure to quantitatively validate the model explanations against gold standard discharge diagnosis information of patients. Our results provide interesting insights into how each of the SOFA organ scores contribute to mortality at different timesteps within longitudinal patient trajectory.
Conduit-assisted Allograft Neurorrhaphy for the Treatment of Intractable Lower Extremity Pain Due to Neuromas-in-continuity.

We present a novel technique for the management of intractable lower extremity pain, due to neuromas-in-continuity of two peripheral nerves, through combined neurectomies proximal to the zone of initial injury and subsequent bridging utilizing an allograft-coupled conduit construct. Methodology A retrospective chart review of 36 patients (18 women and 18 men) with recalcitrant nerve pain secondary to neuromas-in-continuity of two peripheral nerves following lower extremity trauma was conducted. Subjects underwent superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) to deep peroneal nerve neurorrhaphy (19 patients) or SPN to sural nerve neurorrhaphy (17 patients) proximal to the zone of initial injury. Patient demographics, comorbidities, procedure details, complications, and preoperative and postoperative pain assessments using a visual analog scale were evaluated. Results Residual nerve pain from previous lower extremity trauma was included. Analysis of preprocedure and postprocedure visual analog scale scores demonstrated a mean decrease of 7.45 points (mean: pre 8.89, mean: post 1.44). All patients voiced satisfaction with postoperative ambulatory tolerance and pain relief at last follow-up (mean: 30.86 months). Conclusions The sequelae of neuromas-in-continuity of the SPN, deep peroneal nerve, and sural nerves were noted to have significantly improved with proximal neurectomy and subsequent bridging utilizing a nerve allograft and conduit construct. We present this coaptation technique as a viable treatment option for reduction in neurogenic pain involving peripheral nerve injury of two dermatome distributions.
Immunopurification and structural analysis of a putative epithelial Cl- channel protein isolated from bovine trachea.

Abstract We have purified to homogeneity a 38-kDa protein (called p38) from bovine tracheal epithelium. This protein, when reconstituted into liposomes, mediates stilbene disulfonate-sensitive 125I- conductive uptake. On nonreduced or partially reduced sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this protein associates into a doublet of 62-64 kDa. In some experiments a multimer of 141 kDa was also observed. Rabbit polyclonal anti-P38 antibodies have been produced and used to immunopurify the native transporter. Upon reconstitution of the immunoaffinity-purified protein into liposomes, a 260-fold enhancement of 4,4'-bis(isothiocyano)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate and valinomycin-sensitive 125I- uptake was observed as compared to proteoliposomes containing unseparated material. On Western blots of total solubilized tracheal membrane proteins or semipurified fractions, the antibody recognized the 62-64-kDa doublet much better than the original 38-kDa antigen. Similar protein bands were detected in T84 and CFPAC cells as well. However, if apical membrane proteins were first separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions, the antibody recognized major bands at 140 and approximately 240 kDa. Upon partial reduction, immunolabeling of these proteins diminished with the concomitant appearance of the 62-64-kDa doublet. Upon complete reduction, the appearance of 32- and 38-kDa proteins was evident with the disappearance of the 62-64-kDa doublet. We hypothesize that the native Cl-channel is a heteromer containing at least four subunits connected by S-S bridges.
Solution structure of [d(ATGAGCGAATA)]2. Adjacent G:A mismatches stabilized by cross-strand base-stacking and BII phosphate groups.

Abstract The solution structure of a rather unusual B -form duplex [d(ATGAGCGAATA)] 2 has been determined using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) and distance geometry methods. This sequence forms a stable ten base-pair B -form duplex with 3′ overhangs and two pairs of adjacent G:A mismatches paired via a sheared hydrogen-bonding scheme. All non-exchangeable protons, including the stereo-specific H-5′S/H-5′R of the 3G and 7G residues, were assigned by 2D-NMR. The phosphorus spectrum was assigned using heteronuclear correlation with H-3′ and H-4′ resonances. The complete assignments reveal several unusual nuclear Overhauser enhancements (NOEs) and unusual chemical shifts for the neighboring G:A mismatch pairs and their adjacent nucleotides. Inter-proton distances were derived from time-dependent NOEs and used to generate initial structures, which were further refined by iterative back-calculation of the two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectra; 22 final structures were calculated from the refined distance bounds. All these final structures exhibit fully wound helical structures with small penalty values against the refined distance bounds and small pair-wise root-mean-square deviation values (typically 0.5 A to 0.9 A). The two helical strands exchange base stacking at both of the two G:A mismatch sites, resulting in base stacking down each side rather than down each strand of the twisted duplex. Very large twist angles (77 °) were found at the G:A mismatch steps. All the final structures were found to have B II phosphate conformations at the adjacent G:A mismatch sites, consistent with observed downfield 31 P chemical shifts and Monte-Carlo conformational search results. Our results support the hypothesis that 31 P chemical shifts are related to backbone torsion angles. These B II phosphate conformations in the adjacent G:A mismatch step suggest that hydrogen bonding of the G:A pair G-NH 2 to a nearby phosphate oxygen atom is unlikely. The unusual structure of the duplex may be stabilized by strong interstrand base stacking as well as intrastrand stacking, as indicated by excellent base overlap within the mismatch stacks.
Hybridization gap in Ce3Bi4Pt3.

We present resistivity \ensuremath{\rho}(T), susceptibility \ensuremath{\chi}(T), and specific heat C(T) data for ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{4}$${\mathrm{Pt}}_{3}$. The susceptibility exhibits a broad maximum centered near 80 K, typical of a somewhat-heavy-electron compound; were the material metallic, a linear coefficient of specific heat \ensuremath{\gamma}=75 mJ/mol Ce ${\mathrm{K}}^{2}$ would be expected. However, the compound is InotR metallic, as indicated by its resistivity which rises to large values at low temperatures and exhibits activated behavior with an activation energy \ensuremath{\Delta}/${\mathit{k}}_{\mathit{B}}$=35 K. By analogy to ${\mathrm{SmB}}_{6}$ and ${\mathrm{YbB}}_{12}$, this energy gap arises from 4f-electron--conduction-electron hybridization. Due to the gap, electronic excitations are suppressed at low temperatures and the specific heat is smaller than in nonmagnetic ${\mathrm{La}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{4}$${\mathrm{Pt}}_{3}$. Alloying with lanthanum ((${\mathrm{Ce}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{La}}_{\mathit{x}}$${)}_{3}$${\mathrm{Bi}}_{4}$${\mathrm{Pt}}_{3}$) decreases the resistivity and increases the specific heat towards the value expected for the metallic case; i.e., for moderate alloying (x=0.07) the behavior is that of a moderately disordered heavy-electron metal. We argue that lattice periodicity is an essential requirement for the formation of the hybridization gap.
A secure electronic contract management and process system automated with predefined tasks

Electronic contract management and process usually involved a large number of complex manual steps. These manual steps are often tedious and may cause security faults. In this paper, we present an efficient electronic contract management and process system automated with predefined tasks in a secure environment. It comprises an application server, at least one administrator module and many individual user modules. It involves a user-specific setup file of encoded security, task and document parameters generated by an administrator to authorize a user to perform a set of predefined tasks on a selected group of electronic contract documents. It also consists of a configure file generator for the user to select and configure authorized tasks from a set of predefined task modules of execution instructions. Then, its execution engine carries these instructions automatically in a secure environment based on the user's configuration file. Thus, this automation system substantially improves the efficiency, and at the same time eliminates the potential for human error and security breaches in the performance of electronic contract management and task process.
Lymphocytes and monocytes in the aortic intima

Summary In an electron-microscopic survey of the aorta in the adult rat, white blood cells were found adhering to the intima; these were invariably lymphocytes or monocytes. Similar cells were also found beneath the endothelium. Counts were not made, but pubished data indicate that mononuclear cells lying over or within the rat aortic intima are approximately 1 for every 9 endothelial cells. This infiltration by blood-borne cells is interpreted as a pathologic event, possibly in response to a chemical message (antigen?) originating from the underlying media.
Rawls’s Communitarianism

Most discussions of Rawls’s philosophy tend to neglect the strong communitarian strand of his theory: so much so that in the debate between liberals and communitarians Rawls’s account of community has been for the most part intriguingly absent. This article is an attempt to fill in the gap by offering a discussion of the Rawlsian understanding of community as it was presented in A Theory of Justice and its possible implications for a pluralist society. At the same time, I want to take issue with one of the most influential critiques leveled against Rawls’s conception of the self: namely, Sandel’s critique of the ‘individuated subject’ that, in his view, underlies justice as fairness. Rawls’s constructions, so Sandel argues, rest on an unencumbered self that is individuated in advance and whose identity is fixed once and for all.
Research and quality improvement experience and knowledge: a nursing survey.

fox j., bagley l., day s., holleran r. & handrahan d. (2011) Journal of Nursing Management19, 623–631 Research and quality improvement experience and knowledge: a nursing survey Aim To assess nursing staff’s background and research and quality improvement (QI) experience. Background In this corporation, participation in research and QI is encouraged, but little is known about nurses’ experiences. Methods A web-based survey was distributed. Nursing staffs from an academic/teaching medical centre and other intra-corporation non-academic facilities were compared. Results Respondents included: 148 (52.9%) medical centre and 132 (47.1%) non-medical centre subjects. Medical centre respondents had a higher proportion previously engaged in research, currently engaged in research and previously engaged in QI. Productivity (grant, published and presented) was low for both groups but statistically lower for the non-medical centre group. Medical centre employees used research resources more often than the non-medical centre. Time was the most frequently mentioned barrier to participation in research and QI initiatives. Conclusions A moderate proportion of respondents had research and QI experience, yet productivity and use of resources was low. Nurses at non-academically focused facilities were in most need of assistance. Familiarizing nurses with resources and providing protected time may increase productivity. Implications for nursing management Developing an infrastructure to support nursing research is a worthy goal. Information about interest and experience of nurses can aid management in determining how to focus financial resources.
Modeling Requirements for Geopressured-Geothermal Reservoir Production

The modeling requirements for geopressured-geothermal reservoir analysis are discussed and demonstrated in this paper. Compaction effects, reservoir hetereogeneities, localized gas evolution, and shale dewatering mechanisms are implemented into a specific model. Applications which demonstrate the potential sensitivity of reservoir pressure-production behavior to these mechanisms are illustrated. 10 refs.
Hypertriglyceridemia, acute pancreatitis, and diabetic ketoacidosis possibly associated with mirtazapine therapy: A case report

A 44-year-old woman with a history of major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder was prescribed mirtazapine. She came to the emergency department approximately 2 months after starting therapy; severe hypertriglyceridemia, acute pancreatitis, and diabetic ketoacidosis were diagnosed. Although these adverse effects have been reported in early clinical trials, we found only three published cases of subclinical pancreatitis possibly associated with mirtazapine therapy. We suspect that mirtazapine-associated hypertriglyceridemia had contributed to the development of acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis in our patient. All these problems resolved with supportive care and discontinuation of mirtazapine. Her serum amylase, lipase, and lipid levels were normal 2 months after the acute event occurred. Health care providers should be aware of these possible adverse effects. Serum glucose and triglyceride levels should be measured at baseline and monitored regularly thereafter in all patients receiving mirtazapine therapy.
Endometriosis and Assisted Reproductive Technology: United States Trends and Outcomes 2000–2011

Objective To assess endometriosis-associated infertility trends among assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles, and to compare cancellation and hyperstimulation risks and pregnancy and live birth rates among women using ART for endometriosis-associated vs. male factor infertility. Design Descriptive and multivariable analyses of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National ART Surveillance System data. Setting Fertility centers. Patient(s) All reported fresh autologous ART cycles in the United States between 2000 and 2011 (n = 1,589,079). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Oocyte yield, hyperstimulation, cancellation, implantation, pregnancy, live birth. Result(s) The absolute number of ART cycles with an endometriosis diagnosis fell in recent years, from 16,751 (2000) to 15,311 (2011); the percentage fell over time, from 17.0% (2000) to 9.6% (2011) of all cycles. Compared with male factor (n = 375,557), endometriosis-associated cycles (n = 112,475) yielded fewer oocytes (50.5% vs. 42.5% of cycles with only 0–10 oocytes retrieved), lower risk of hyperstimulation (1.1% vs. 1.3%, adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.91), and an increased risk of cancellation (12.9% vs. 10.1%, aRR 1.30, 95% CI 1.25–1.35). Endometriosis was associated with a statistically decreased but likely clinically insignificant difference in the following outcomes: chance of pregnancy per transfer (43.7% vs. 44.8%, aRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.95–0.98) among couples who did not also have tubal factor infertility and live birth per transfer (37.2% vs. 37.6%, aRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98). Conclusion(s) The percentage of endometriosis-associated ART cycles has decreased over time. As compared with male factor infertility, endometriosis is associated with increased cancellation and decreased hyperstimulation risks. Despite decreased oocyte yield and higher medication dose, the difference in pregnancy and live birth rates may be of limited clinical significance, suggesting comparable pregnancy outcomes per transfer.
Preparation and catalytic properties of supported heteropolyacid salts

Abstract Heteropoly compounds are receiving increasing interest as environmentally compatible solid acid catalysts. Partial Cs + exchange into 12-tungstophosphoric acid converts the water soluble, low surface area ( 2 g −1 ) parent acid into submicron water-insoluble Bronsted acids with surface areas exceeding 100 m 2 g −1 . The insolubility of the Cs acid salt makes preparation of large particle supported catalysts by conventional impregnation procedures impractical, although applications in packed bed or slurry reactors require millimeter-sized pellets to avoid pressure drop or filtration problems. Here, we report on a new but simple technique that produces an eggwhite distribution of active Cs-acid salt of 12-tungstophosphoric acid within a large silica extrudate by carrying out a reaction deposition directly inside the extrudate. We examine these catalysts in aromatic alkylation reactions.
Hope and goal attainment: Testing a basic prediction of hope theory.

Despite the impressive literature addressing Snyder's (1994) Hope Theory, the theory's basic hypothesis that hope predicts goal attainment has never been tested. We provide a longitudinal test of this prediction among 162 college students. Participants completed measures of hope and goal importance at the beginning of the semester. Three months later, they completed measures of goal attainment and hope again. Results indicate that a goal-specific measure of hope (particularly the agency subscale) predicted goal attainment better than the Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991), which measures hope regarding goals in general. The influence of Time 1 goal importance upon Time 2 attainment was largely mediated through goal-specific hope. Moreover, participants appeared to adjust their Time 2 hope levels based on their actual goal attainment.
Are There Sex Differences in Reaction to Different Types of Sexual Infidelity

Evolutionary theory based research shows that women and men can differ in their responses to sexual and emotional infidelity. However, research has not examined the question of whether men and women react similarly or differently to a partner’s engagement in different types of sexual infidelity. The present research sought to answer this question. Based on the aforementioned prior research, and short term mating desires, sex differences in reactions to different types of sexual infidelity were not expected. Both women and men were expected to report higher levels of upset when a partner engaged in sexual intercourse rather than when a partner engaged in oral sex, heavy petting, or kissing with another person. The results were consistent with the hypothesis. Both men and women were most upset by a partner’s engagement in sexual intercourse with another person. These findings are discussed in terms of prior research.
A simple shape prior model for iris image segmentation

©2011 SPIE - Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic electronic or print reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.
Time-resolved studies of Ti34−xCu47Zr11Ni8Six metallic glass devitrification using high temperature X-ray powder diffraction

Abstract Time-resolved devitrification studies of Ti 34− x Cu 47 Zr 11 Ni 8 Si x metallic glasses were performed using a recently developed high temperature furnace in a Debye–Scherrer geometry. Samples included powders produced by high pressure gas atomization and surface coatings deposited by air plasma spraying. Synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory was used to follow the devitrification of samples during heating at 40 K min −1 between 623 and 1073 K. The crystallization behavior observed with structural diffraction data compare well with results from thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetery. At 1073 K, these amorphous alloys evolve to a four phase microstructure which includes phases that appear to be closely related to Cu 51 Zr 14 , CuTi and Cu 2 TiZr.
Faculty and Student Participation and Perceptions of Service-Learning Outcomes

SUMMARY Faculty (n = 55) and student (n = 75) perceptions of service-learning outcomes were evaluated using a questionnaire format. Results indicated that while faculty strongly believe service-learning is important to student academic growth, few actually teach service-learning courses because of time constraints and unfamiliarity with service-learning course models. Comparisons of faculty and student perceptions showed that compared to students, faculty had a stronger perception of the value of service-learning for students. When students were divided into those who had (n = 33) or had not (n = 42) participated in service-learning, faculty and service-learning students' perceptions did not differ, and both rated these experiences more valuable than did non-service-learning students.