cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Persistent Autoregulatory Disturbance after Angioplasty for Cerebral Vasospasm: A Case Report

Hyperdynamic therapy, consisting of hypervolemia, haemodilution, and hypertension, is an established treatment for cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage. Angioplasty has emerged as an additional, effective treatment for symptomatic vasospasm. Loss of autoregulation, however, can occur despite effective angioplasty, underscoring the need for treatment with hyperdynamic therapy in combination with angioplasty. A 43-year-old woman underwent endovascular coiling of a ruptured left posterior communicating artery aneurysm. The patient went on to develop symptomatic vasospasm and was treated with hyperdynamic therapy and angioplasty. Autoregulation was assessed with xenon CT cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement. An initial CBF study was obtained when the patient received dopamine and dobutamine infusions to maintain systolic blood pressure at 160 mmHg. The vasopressor drips were then temporarily held for twenty minutes, allowing the patient's systolic blood pressure to drop to 140 mmHg, and a repeat CBF study was obtained. Several days after angioplasty, CBF decreased significantly when the patient was taken off vasopressors, indicating impaired autoregulation. Hyperdynamic therapy was continued, and another CBF study one week later showed a return of autoregulation and normalization of CBF without induced hypertension. Autoregulation is disturbed during vasospasm. Although angioplasty can improve large artery blood flow during vasospasm, hyperdynamic therapy is also needed to maintain cerebral perfusion, particularly in the face of impaired autoregulation. Quantitative CBF measurement permits the maintenance of optimal CBF and monitoring of response to therapy.
The Global Economic Crisis: A Chronology

The economic and financial crisis that broke out in 2007 is still a focus of discussion among economists. The Global Economic Crisis contributes to this debate by providing a comprehensive account of the crisis that is heavily focused on speculative forces that prevail in global financial markets.
Sexual Harssment: The Issues and Guidelines for Marketing Professors

The awareness of sexual harassment issues has become increasingly prevalent in the corporate world today. As marketing graduates prepare themselves for their careers, they need to be familiar with these issues and aware of how to conduct themselves properly. This article discusses sexual harassment in the academic environment. The emphasis is on legal issues and the possible liabilities of sexual harassment charges. Guidelines are offered for marketing professors to reduce the chances of inappropriate behavior.
A new serologically defined locus, Qa-1 , in the Tla -region of the mouse

A new cell-surface antigen, specified by a gene betweenH-2D andTla is described. The provisional notationQa-1 is suggested for the locus determining this newly recognized cell surface component. Qa-1 is distinguished from known TL antigens by the following two criteria. Its expression is not confined to thymocytes — it occurs on lymph node cells (LNC) also; and the phenotypes of the new congenic recombinant strains B6.K1 and B6.K2, derived fromH-2D/Tla crossovers, are Qa-1+ Qa-2−TL− and Qa-l+Qa-2+TL−. Qa-1 antigen is defined by reaction of the standard TL typing serum, (B6 × A -Tla b)F1 anti-A strain leukemia ASL1, with lymph node cells (LNC) in the cytotoxicity assay. Qa-1 antigen evidently is expressed, at least, on a subpopulation of T cells as well as on thymocytes. The gene order isH-2D, Qa-1, Qa-2, Tla.
Alabama's Marine Cage Culture studies1

The Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources began studies on the cage culture of marine species in 1969. Major emphasis has been placed on the culture of pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) because of its high value. Pompano were cultured to a maximum of 284 g average weight in one season. Pompano will have to be overwintered in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Pompano were acclimated to 0.2 ppt salinity. Mullet (Mugil cephalus) stocked with pompano controlled fouling of cages. Facilities for culturing the fish are discussed. Other species successfuly cultured in cages in the marine habitat include striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
One-Electron Reduction of Chromium(VI) by α-Lipoic Acid and Related Hydroxyl Radical Generation, dG Hydroxylation and Nuclear Transcription Factor-κB Activation

Reaction of chromium(VI) with alpha-lipoic acid (reduced form, also called 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid) generated Cr(V) and hydroxyl radical (*OH) as measured by electron spin resonance and ESR spin trapping. 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline was used as a spin trapping agent. Catalase inhibited the *OH generation and enhanced the Cr(V) formation. Superoxide dismutase had an opposite effect. H2O2 enhanced the *OH generation and decreased the Cr(V) formation in a dose-dependent manner. Metal chelators, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, deferoxamine, and 1, 10-phenanthroline inhibited *OH radical generation in the order of EDTA > 1,10-phenanthroline > DTPA > deferoxamine. Oxygen consumption measurements indicated that molecular oxygen was used to generate *OH radical in the mixture of Cr(VI) and alpha-lipoic acid. H2O2 and superoxide radical (O2-) were involved as reactive intermediates. The *OH radical was generated via Cr(V)-mediated Fenton-like reaction (Cr(V) + H2O2 --> Cr(VI) + OH- + *OH). HPLC measurements show that the *OH radical generated by this reaction is capable of generating 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine from 2-deoxyguanosine. Incubation of Cr(VI) with cultured Jurkat cells resulted in an activation of DNA binding activity of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. Addition of alpha-lipoic acid enhanced the NF-kappaB activation, while the *OH radical scavenger, sodium formate, inhibited it, showing that alpha-lipoic acid enhanced Cr(VI)-induced NF-kappaB activation via free radical reactions. The results indicate that while alpha-lipoic acid is considered to be an antioxidant, it may be a cellular one-electron Cr(VI) reductant and could be involved in the mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis.
A new matrix q-identity

Abstract Let A and B be square matrices with entries in C[ q ] , the ring of normal power series in q over the complex field. Let |A| denote the determinant, A′ the adjoint. We show that 1+x(1−q) −1 (A−B) +x 2 ((1−q)(1−q 2 )) −1 (A−qB)(A−B)+⋯ x n ((1−q)(1−q 2 )⋯(1−q n )) −1 (A−q n− B)(A−q n−2 B)+⋯(A−B)+⋯ =[(|−Ax|)(|1−Aqx|)(|1−Aq 2 x|)⋯(|1−Aq( n−1) x|)⋯] −1 × [(1−Ax)′(1−Bx)(1−Aqx)′(1−Bqx)(1−Aq 2 x)′ × (1−Bq 2 x⋯(1−Aq (n−1) ′(1−Bq (n−1) x)⋯].
CMOS-compatible GaN-on-Si field-effect transistors for high voltage power applications

CMOS-compatible 100/650 V enhancement-mode FETs and 650 V depletion-mode MISFETs are fabricated on 6-inch AlGaN/GaN-on-Si wafers. They show high breakdown voltage and low specific on-resistance with good wafer uniformity. The importance of epitaxial quality is figured out in a key industrial item: high-temperature-reverse-bias-stress-induced on-state drain curent degradation. Optimization of epitaxial layers shows significant improvement of device reliability.
Paraneoplastic upbeat nystagmus.

Abnormal eye movements occur in a range of paraneoplastic syndromes affecting brainstem and cerebellum, including opsoclonus, slow or dysmetric saccades, impaired smooth pursuit, and gaze-evoked and downbeat nystagmus.1,–,3 We report upbeat nystagmus (UBN) and cognitive impairment as paraneoplastic phenomena in a patient with pancreatic cancer. ### Case report. A 65-year-old woman developed “dizziness” and an “inability to sense myself in space” during a transcontinental flight. She had difficulty walking off the plane, reporting “there is a sensation of backwards motion, with someone trying to push me off my heels.” She also reported impairment of short-term memory for 2 months and a 20-pound weight loss. Vestibular neuritis was diagnosed and prednisone prescribed, but her symptoms progressed. She was admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital. She had smoked 1–2 packs per day for years, but quit 4 years previously. On examination the patient was alert and appropriately interactive, but depressed and cognitively impaired. She registered 3 items, but could recall none at 5 minutes. She was unable to name the month or her current location. She followed simple and complex commands and could spell “world” backwards. The cranial nerves were normal, apart from abnormal eye movements. During attempted fixation of a far target, she had prominent UBN, lid nystagmus, and saccadic intrusions (video on the Neurology ® Web site at www.neurology.org). UBN suppressed during near viewing and showed marked dependency on head position, upbeat when erect, absent when supine, reduced when prone, and beating away from the ground (apogeotropic) when lying …
Personal Influence in the Use of Mental Health Resources

In the summer of 1962 a study was conducted in Baltimore to ascertain how mentally-ill persons and their families choose particular mental health resources in their quest for help. A major hypothesis of the study was that personal influence would play an important role in the decision to seek help from specific community resources. This report emphasizes the part played by influential persons or "influentials" in the use of community resources by mentally-ill individuals, describes the influentials in terms of several social variables and elucidates the nature of the relationship between influencee and influential.
Computational Evaluation of Quiet Tunnel Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability Experiments

Abstract : A computational evaluation of two stability experiments conducted in the NASA Langley Mach 6 axisymmetric quiet nozzle test chamber facility is conducted. Navier- Stokes analysis of the mean flow and linear stability theory analysis of boundary layer disturbances is performed in the computations. The effects of adverse pressure gradient and wall cooling are examined. Calculated pressure, temperature and boundary layer thickness distributions show very good overall agreement with experimental measurements. Computed mass flux and total temperature profiles show very good quantitative agreement with uncalibrated hot- wire measurements obtained with the hot-wire operated in high and low overheat modes respectively. Comparisons between calibrated hot-wire data and mean flow computations show excellent agreement in the early stages of the transitional flow. However, examination of the wire Reynolds number and mass flux and total temperature eigenfunction profiles suggest that when operated in high overheat mode the sensitivity of the hot-wire to total temperature is significant. Thus, while uncalibrated hot-wire measurements are useful to characterize the overall features of the flow, calibrated hot- wire measurements are necessary for quantitative comparison with stability theory. Computations show that adverse pressure gradient and wall cooling decrease the boundary layer thickness and increase the frequency and amplification rate of the unstable second mode disturbances; these findings are consistent with the experimental observations.
Successful Revascularization of Multiple Coronary Artery Aneurysms Using a Combination of Surgical Strategies

We report our approach to an unusual case of a 64-year-old man with multiple coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) of the right, left anterior descending, and ramus coronary arteries. The right CAA was unusually large in size (measuring 5.5 cm). The aneurysms were obstructive, resulting in ischemic heart disease and heart failure. Multiple surgical techniques have been proposed to approach CAAs; however the ideal treatment strategy is poorly defined. This patient underwent successful revascularization using a combination of strategies, including aneurysm ligation, interposition reversed saphenous vein grafting, and bypass grafting. Surgical approach should be determined by aneurysm size, presence of branching vessels, and degree of stenosis.
Van Cittert-Zernike theorem for introductory optics course using the concept of fringe visibility

Historically, the van Cittert-Zernike (vC-Z) theorem on the far-field degree of coherence due to a finite incoherent source was developed by using complex integral propagating mutual intensity function that is normally beyond the 'introductory' mathematical background for many students. In 1920, Michelson demonstrated his steller interferometer to measure the separation between a double-star (two point sources) using Young's double slit on his telescope. He observed that the visibility of the fringes oscillate with the change in the slit separation for a given double-star spacing. Then in 1957, Thompson & Wolf (TW) carried out an experiment to illustrate the physical meaning of the coherence function as the fringe visibility using Young's double-slit experiment. We propose to use Michelson and TW experiments as the starting point to introduce the vC-Z theorem. One can sum the cosine fringes due to each point of the extended incoherence source produced by the double-slit placed at the observation plane where the correlation is to be measured. The visibility of this resultant cosine fringes is precisely the correlation function derived by the customary vC-Z theorem. We use a double Fourier transform lens set up that eliminates the need to develop the rigorous Fraunhofer diffraction integral. One only need to sum the plane waves with regular tilt angles at the lens focal planes. The mathematical formulation becomes easily accessible and the physical meaning of limited increase in the spatial coherence due to the propagation of Huygens-Fresnel wavelets from incoherent source become physically meaningful.
Collaborative systems and internal marketing communications in knowledge transfer

This paper explores a new model of knowledge sharing via collaborative systems, facilitated by internal marketing communications. While it is well documented that collaborative systems can potentially enhance knowledge sharing within organisations, a major deficit in the literature involves the mechanisms to educate and motivate associates to use these systems in productive ways. In this paper, we revisit the foundation of the value of collaborative systems and its potential value to the sustainable competitive advantage of an organisation. We present two case studies which serve as validation for the original premise. We conclude by proposing a model for the missing piece; development of a systematic internal marketing communications strategy to inform, educate and motivate associates to effectively use the collaborative systems.
Phase control of neural pacemakers

An electrical stimulus resets the phase of a spontaneously rhythmic neuron. The "new phase" versus "old phase" curve shows either of two distinct topological characters, depending on the stimulus magnitude. These features, and a phase singularity implicit in them, are common to many stable oscillations deriving from continuous feedback between two or more biophysical quantities.
Photosynthetic adaptation to temperature in c(3) and c(4) grasses: a possible ecological role in the shortgrass prairie.

Increasing pretreatment day temperatures of 20, 30, and 40 C resulted in decreased net photosynthesis in Agropyron smithii (C3) while in Bouteloua gracilis (C4) net photosynthesis was increased. The effect on photosynthesis of increasing analysis temperatures was the same as observed by increasing pretreatment temperatures. Resistance of the stomata and boundary layer were less affected by pretreatment temperatures than were the remaining resistances of a physical and chemical nature. Resistances for A. smithii were increased and those for B. gracilis were decreased by increasing pretreatment temperatures. Phenology of the species in the shortgrass prairie is such that A. smithii has its greatest growth activity during the cool portion of the growth season, whereas B. gracilis is most active in the warm portion. Thus, photosynthetic adaptation to temperature is strongly suggested as a strategy for ecosystem utilization by reduction of interspecific competition.
The molecular ecology of legionellae

Legionella pneumophila is the most highly characterized member of a genus of bacteria that survive as intracellular parasites of freshwater protozoa. These bacteria can also multiply intracellularly in human phagocytic cells and cause respiratory disease in humans. Comparison of the invasive strategies of L. pneumophila in mammalian and protozoan cells and study of the interactions between Legionella and protozoa should prove useful in development of strategies for the prevention of legionellosis.
The July Effect: is emergency department length of stay greater at the beginning of the hospital academic year?

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of a nationally representative sample of 283,621 ED visits from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), from 2001 to 2008. We stratified the sample by proportion of visits seen by a resident, and compared July to the rest of the year, July to June, and July and August to the remainder of the year. We compared LOS for teaching hospitals to non-teaching hospitals. We used bivariate statistics, and multivariable regression modeling to adjust for covariates. Results: Our findings show that at teaching hospitals with residents, there is no significant dif ference in mean LOS for the month of July (275 minutes) versus the rest of the year (259 min), July and August versus the rest of the year, or July versus June. Non-teaching hospital control samples yielded similar results with no significant difference in LOS for the same time periods. There was a significant difference found in mean LOS at teaching hospitals (260 minutes) as compared to nonteaching hospitals (185 minutes) throughout the year (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Teaching hospitals with residents in the ED have slower throughput of patients, no matter what time of year. Thus, the “July Effect” does not appear to a factor in ED LOS. This has implications as overcrowding and patient boarding become more of a concern in our increasingly busy EDs. These results question the need for additional staffing early in the academic year. Teaching hospitals may already institute more robust staffing during this time, preventing any significant increase in LOS. Multiple factors contribute to long stays in the ED. While patients seen by residents stay longer in the ED, there is little variability throughout the academic year. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(1):88–93.]
The Ron receptor tyrosine kinase is not required for adenoma formation in ApcMin/+ mice

The Ron receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed in approximately half of all human colon cancers. Increased Ron expression positively correlates with tumor progression, and reduction of Ron levels in human colon adenocarcinoma cells reverses their tumorigenic properties. Nearly all colon tumors demonstrate loss of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor, an early initiating event, subsequently leading to β-catenin stabilization. To understand the role of Ron in early stage intestinal tumorigenesis, we generated Apc-mutant (ApcMin/+) mice with and without Ron signaling. Interestingly, we report here that significantly more ApcMin/+ Ron-deficient mice developed higher tumor burden than ApcMin/+ mice with wild-type Ron. Even though baseline levels of intestinal crypt proliferation were increased in the ApcMin/+ Ron-deficient mice, loss of Ron did not influence tumor size or histological appearance of the ApcMin/+ adenomas, nor was β-catenin localization changed compared to ApcMin/+ mice with Ron. Together, these data suggest that Ron may be important in normal intestinal tissue homeostasis, but that the expression of this receptor is not required for the formation and growth of adenomas in ApcMin/+ mice. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Anti-inflammatory Properties of Macrolide Antibiotics:

The use of macrolide antibiotics for other clinical uses outside of their antimicrobial capabilities has been questioned and theorized in both in vitro and animal studies. Several small clinical tr...
Temporal decline of masking and comodulation detection differences

Comodulation detection differences (CDDs) were studied using flanking bands that were either gated simultaneously with the signal band (burst) or gated at varying times prior to signal onset (fringed). Used for these experiments were a signal band centered at 1250 Hz and four flanking bands centered at 450, 850, 1650, and 2050 Hz; all bands were 100 Hz wide. In different conditions, the temporal envelope of the signal band was either the same as (correlated), or different from (uncorrelated), the common envelope of the four flanking bands, or the temporal envelopes of all of the bands were different (all‐uncorrelated). For 8 of the 13 listeners, signal detectability improved by as much as 25 dB as the temporal fringe of the flanking bands was increased from 5 to about 700 ms. This temporal decline of masking was similar, but not identical, for the correlated, uncorrelated, and all‐uncorrelated conditions. Results of this sort are reminiscent of several related findings that have been attributed to auditory adaptation or enhancement, or to a temporally developing critical‐band filter. The other 5 of the 13 listeners were generally more sensitive than the majority, and they showed little or no improvement in detectability as fringe duration was varied. Large individual differences of this sort are not uncommon in the adaptation and comodulation literatures. As signal duration was changed from 50 to 240 ms, temporal integration was less in the correlated condition than in the uncorrelated condition, thereby producing a larger CDD with the longer signal. When the fringe followed the observation interval instead of preceding it, the results were equivocal because detectability improved for the majority of subjects and worsened for the minority. In follow‐up experiments, different subsets of these four flanking bands were used. When temporal gaps of varying duration were inserted into the flanking band(s) immediately prior to the observation intervals, it was found that a temporal gap as long as 355 ms was not sufficient to reset the mechanisms underlying the temporal decline of masking.
The Militarization of American Professional Sports: How the Sports–War Intertext Influences Athletic Ritual and Sports Media

This article investigates how “war-speak” is incorporated into both sports media coverage and athletic rituals. It posits that while the militarization of American sporting events may help to comfo...
Synthesis, X-ray structures and reactivity of calix[5]arene bismuth(iii) and antimony(III) complexes.

A series of calix[5]arene bismuth(III) and antimony(III) mono- and bimetallic complexes were synthesized and fully characterized by NMR, X-ray, IR, mp, UV-Vis and elemental analysis. Reaction of p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene (tBuC5(H)5) trianionic salts M′3·tBuC5(H)2 (M′ = Li, Na, K) with MCl3 (M = Bi, Sb) yielded monometallic complexes [Bi{tBuC5(H)2}] 1 and [Sb{tBuC5(H)2}] 2, respectively. 1H NMR spectra of both complexes showed two remaining OH groups available for further reactivity. Alternatively, complexes 1 and 2 can be obtained by reacting tBuC5(H)5 in a 1:1 ratio with M(OtBu)3, but the yields are lower. When the tBuC5(H)5 lower rim monobenzyl ether [tBuC5(Bn)(H)4] is treated in a 1:1 ratio with Bi(OtBu)3, the monometallic complex [Bi{tBuC5(Bn)(H)}]23 is prepared. If, however, [tBuC5(Bn)(H)4] reacts with Sb(NMe2)3 or Sb(OtBu)3 in a 1:2 ratio the production of the bimetallic complex [Sb2O{tBuC5(Bn)}] 4 is observed. p-Benzylcalix[5]arene (BnC5(H)5) reacts with excess Bi(OtBu)3 to produce the bimetallic complex [Bi2O{BnC5(H)}]25. 1H NMR spectra of 5 display patterns characteristic for a cone conformer in solution. Treatment of calix[5]arene [HC5(H)5] with one equivalent of Bi[N(SiMe3)2]3 or with 0.75 equivalents of Sb(NMe2)3 yields bimetallic complexes [Bi2O{HC5(H)}] 6 and [Sb2O{HC5(H)}] 7, respectively. The reactivity of monometallic complexes 1 and 2 was tested in order to investigate the availability of their remaining OH groups. Treatment of 1 with Bi(OtBu)3 at ambient temperature yields bimetallic complex [Bi2O{tBuC5(H)}]28 while the reaction of complex 2 with Sb(OtBu)3 in a 1:1 ratio produces complex [Sb2O{tBuC5(H)}] 9. The crystal structures of the monometallic bismuth complexes 1 and 3 display dimeric units with the calixarene ligands in distorted cone and “paco-in” conformations, respectively. Complexes 4, 7 and 9 are all monomeric units, displaying [(RO)2Sb]2(μ-O) cores and the calixarene ligands in 1,2-alternate conformation. The dimeric units of bimetallic complexes 5 and 8 contain Bi4O2(OR)8 core structures that force the calixarene ligands to adopt a flattened cone conformation.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers from the panic moth, Saucrobotys futilalis L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Pyraustinae)

The panic moth is a widely distributed North American pyralid moth with gregarious, nest-building larvae. Primers for 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed to assay relatedness in nest groups and population structure in the eastern half of the moth's range. Primers were tested on 42 individuals (one from each of 42 nests) collected in the states of New York, Virginia and Georgia. All loci were polymorphic and exhibited varying degrees of allelic variation (4–24 alleles). These primers will enable further research into the social structure of these gregarious caterpillars.
Three-dimensional computed tomographic airway analysis of patients with obstructive sleep apnea treated by maxillomandibular advancement.

Purpose To evaluate changes in airway size and shape in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) and genial tubercle advancement (GTA). Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study, enrolling a sample of adults with polysomnography-confirmed OSA who underwent MMA + GTA. All subjects who had preoperative and postoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scans to evaluate changes in airway size and shape after MMA + GTA were included. Preoperative and postoperative sleep- and breathing-related symptoms were recorded. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were computed. For all analyses, P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results During the study period, 13 patients underwent MMA + GTA, of whom 11 (84.6%) met the inclusion criteria. There were 9 men and 2 women with a mean age of 39 years. The mean body mass index was 26.3; mean respiratory disturbance index (RDI), 48.8; and mean lowest oxygen saturation, 80.5%. After MMA + GTA, there were significant increases in lateral and anteroposterior airway diameters (P < .01), volume (P = .02), surface area (P < .01), and cross-sectional areas at multiple sites (P < .04). Airway length decreased (P < .01) and airway shape (P = .04) became more uniform. The mean change in RDI was –60%. Conclusions Results of this preliminary study indicate that MMA + GTA appears to produce significant changes in airway size and shape that correlate with a decrease in RDI.
ELISA for quantitation of l-selectin shed from leukocytes in vivo

L-selectin is a cell surface receptor on granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes that is responsible for the initial attachment of leukocytes to endothelium. The extracellular domain of L-selectin is proteolytically shed from leukocytes following cellular activation in vitro. The shed form of L-selectin (SL-selectin) is functionally active and at high concentrations can inhibit leukocyte attachment to endothelium. Therefore, an ELISA was developed to quantitate the levels of SL-selectin in biological fluids, biopsy specimens and during recombinant protein production. This simple, quantitative sandwich ELISA uses two monoclonal antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of SL-selectin. The assay has a detection range of 5-1300 ng/ml, is precise and sensitive. The ability of this assay to detect SL-selectin in serum, plasma, and culture supernatant fluid was demonstrated and it was used to quantitate circulating SL-selectin in normal and patient sera. Patients with sepsis and HIV infection showed markedly elevated SL-selectin levels in serum. Thus, the ELISA should prove useful both for laboratory purposes as well as in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with inflammatory diseases.
On the distribution of three-term arithmetic progressions in sparse subsets of fpn

We give a short proof of the following result on the distribution of three-term arithmetic progressions in sparse subsets of Fpn. For every α > 0 there exists a constant C = C(α) such that the following holds for all r â¥ Cpn/2 and for almost all sets R of size r of Fpn. Let A be any subset of R of size at least αr; then A contains a non-trivial three-term arithmetic progression. This is an analogue of a hard theorem by Kohayakawa, Łuczak and Rodl. The proof uses a version of Green's regularity lemma for subsets of a typical random set, which is of interest in its own right.
Psychometric properties of the IES-R in traumatized substance dependent individuals with and without PTSD

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among treatment-seeking substance abusers. Despite the high prevalence of these co-occurring conditions, few PTSD screening tools have been evaluated for their utility in identifying PTSD in substance use disorder (SUD) populations. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a sample of 124 substance dependent individuals. All participants had a history of a DSM-IV Criterion A traumatic event, and 71 individuals met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Participants with comorbid PTSD reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD compared to substance dependent individuals without PTSD. Acceptable internal consistency and convergent validity of the IES-R were established among a substance dependent sample. Examination of diagnostic effectiveness suggested a cutoff value of 22 as optimal for a substance using population, resulting in adequate classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
Visualizing constituent behaviors within executions

In this New Ideas and Emerging Results paper, we present a novel visualization, THE BRAIN, that reveals clusters of source code that co-execute to produce behavioral features of the program throughout and within executions. We created a clustered visualization of source-code that is informed by dynamic control flow of multiple executions; each cluster represents commonly interacting logic that composes software features. In addition, we render individual executions atop the clustered multiple-execution visualization as user-controlled animations to reveal characteristics of specific executions-these animations may provide exemplars for the clustered features and provide chronology for those behavioral features, or they may reveal anomalous behaviors that do not fit with the overall operational profile of most executions. Both the clustered multiple-execution view and the animated individual-execution view provide insights for the constituent behaviors within executions that compose behaviors of whole executions. Inspired by neural imaging of human brains of people who were subjected to various external stimuli, we designed and implemented THE BRAIN to reveal program activity during execution. The result has revealed the principal behaviors of execution, and those behaviors were revealed to be (in some cases) cohesive, modular source-code structures and (in other cases) cross-cutting, emergent behaviors that involve multiple modules. In this paper, we describe THE BRAIN and envisage the uses to which it can be put, and we provide two example usage scenarios to demonstrate its utility.
The Early Quaker Literature of Defense

Faced with suspicion, hostility and repression, yet small in number and dedicated increasingly to peaceful principles, the early Quakers had recourse to the press. They published detailed accounts of their persecutions and a large number of purely theological treatises which are relatively well known. They also published a literature of defense which, although widely cited, has not until now been the subject of systematic study. In these tracts they refuted charges that they were emissaries of Rome and enemies of the established order; justified their refusal to do “hat honor”, to take oaths, to pay tithes and to participate in the rituals of an established church; pleaded for liberty of conscience; threatened their opponents with God's wrath; and encouraged each other to stand fast in adversity. The literature of defense grew rapidly in the decade before the Restoration and declined steadily in the decade or so thereafter.
SIRT1 inactivation evokes antitumor activities in NSCLC through the tumor suppressor p27.

P27Kip1 (CDKN1B) regulates cellular proliferation and senescence, and p27Kip1 deficiency in cancer is strongly correlated with poor prognosis of multiple cancer types. Understanding the mechanism of p27Kip1 loss in cancer and the consequences of restoring p27Kip1 levels is therefore critical for effective management during therapy. Here, SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase (HDAC), is identified as an important regulator of p27Kip1 expression. Mechanistically, SIRT1 reduces p27Kip1 expression by decreasing p27Kip1 protein stability through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. In addition, SIRT1 silencing suppresses non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation and induces senescence in a p27Kip1-dependent manner. Furthermore, SIRT1 silencing dramatically suppresses tumor formation and proliferation in two distinct NSCLC xenograft mouse models. Collectively, these data demonstrate that not only SIRT1 is an important regulator of p27Kip1 but also SIRT inhibition induces senescence and antigrowth potential in lung cancer in vivo. Implications: SIRT1 is a key regulator of p27 protein levels and SIRT1 inhibition is a viable strategy for NSCLC therapy by means of p27 reactivation. Mol Cancer Res; 13(1); 41–49. ©2014 AACR.
Experiential Learning: The Construction of Jonathan in the Narrative of Saul and David

The question driving the article is the construction of Jonathan. The thesis is that Jonathan initially articulates one stance but ends up with quite another, an education which is available to us in careful linguistic detail. In between our meeting him abruptly in 1 Samuel 14 and hearing him eulogised after his death in 1 Samuel 31 and 2 Samuel 1, we have two short moments and one lengthy scene with him. In the first short moment (1 Samuel 19:1–7), Jonathan urges his father to desist from suspecting any threat from and thus opposing David; much later (1 Samuel 23:17), Jonathan has acceded to the reality of David’s ascendancy over Saul. The key chapter for present purposes is 1 Samuel 20: There, Jonathan begins with one point of view about Saul’s intents on his lips (v. 2) but has changed his position substantially by the end of that long chapter (vv. 41–42). Thus Jonathan’s education, managed primarily by David but also by Saul, is accomplished as he makes his way through a long narrative comprising fifteen pairs of utterances, interacting with ‘brother’ or father. Careful attention to language, genre and readerly presuppositions will show us the process. The dialogical theory and utterance genre articulated by Mikhail Bakhtin are utilised.
Anticipatory leadership and resource management in the future

(1981). Anticipatory leadership and resource management in the future. Theory Into Practice: Vol. 20, Leadership for the Twenty-first Century, pp. 214-218.
High-frequency operation of the relativistic klystron amplifier

The operation of the Relativistic Klystron Amplifier (RKA) was extended to higher frequencies. The 5 kA, 4 cm-diameter, 0.5 MeV Intense Relativistic Electron Beam (IREB) was fully modulated at 3.5 GHz. The RF from this IREB was extracted into a coaxial transmission line, in a TEM mode, and subsequently radiated into the atmosphere through a horn sealed with a lucite vacuum window. Radiated power level of 150 Megawatts was achieved. Work is in progress on a similar RKA operating at 9.4 GHz, using a 1.4 cm-diameter electron beam.
Complementary and alternative medicine use and asthma: relation to asthma severity and comorbid chronic disease

AbstractObjective: To determine (a) the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among people with asthma, and (b) if comorbid chronic disease and asthma severity are associated with CAM use. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from n = 15 276 adults who participated in the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the 2009 Asthma Callback Survey (ACBS). Binary Logistic regression was used to determine if comorbid disease and asthma severity were associated with CAM use (yes/no). Model covariates were age, sex, income, and education. Results: About 26% of respondents report using at least one form of CAM. The most frequently reported form of CAM use is breathing exercises (19.8%). The results indicate that neither comorbid cardiovascular disease, diabetes, nor stroke are related to CAM use, but individuals with more severe asthma symptoms were more likely to use CAM (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.04, 1.05). Conclusions: CAM remedies most often reported by people...
Price instability in a rational expectations model: The mexican case

The purpose of this paper was twofold: (1) to develop an open-economy-rational-expectations model to test the theoretical relationship between the price level and expectations about money and the exchange rate; and (2) based on the empirical results of the model, prescribe policy rules aimed at stabilizing inflationary expectations in Mexico. The major empirical findings were that the price formation in Mexico is positively related to both subjective money and exchange-rate expectations formed at period t. The correction path suggested by the empirical results is the implementation of an “activist” policy aimed at reducing both the ratio of real fiscal deficit and external debt to real gross domestic product from their current levels to the “ideal” levels of 1.6 and 11.3 percent of GDP, respectively.
DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE ALMOST-PERIODIC DISCRETE FITZHUGH-NAGUMO SYSTEMS

In this paper, we study the dynamical behavior of nonautonomous, almost-periodic discrete FitzHugh–Nagumo system defined on infinite lattices. We prove that the nonautonomous infinite-dimensional system has a uniform attractor which attracts all solutions uniformly with respect to the translations of external terms. We also establish the upper semicontinuity of uniform attractors when the infinite-dimensional system is approached by a family of finite-dimensional systems. This paper is based on a uniform tail method, which shows that, for large time, the tails of solutions are uniformly small with respect to bounded initial data as well as the translations of external terms. The uniform tail estimates play a crucial role for proving the uniform asymptotic compactness of the system and the upper semicontinuity of attractors.
Children With Prader Willi Syndrome

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the parents' perspective of food and diet management for their child with Prader Willi Syndrome (PWS) in the school environment. Parents of 31 individuals with PWS completed a questionnaire about their child's height and weight history, age of diagnosis, early nutritional concerns, current food management at school, support from school staff, professional help, and inclusion of nutrition in their Individualized Education Plans (IEP). The individuals who were diagnosed with PWS before one year of age had more appropriate Body Mass Index's (BMI), better supervision at school, less problems in school, and followed modified diets than those diagnosed after one year of age. Many children in preschool and kindergarten did not have lunch at school and had BMIs less than the 90th percentile. As the children got older, however, it became harder to control their food intake at school. Although the sample size was small, the majority of children who had supervision during lunch and class, nutrition objectives in their IEP, as well as help by a nutritionist demonstrated a trend of BMIs less than the 90th percentile. Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations were made: Parents need to be aware of (1) the availability of a modified school lunch as part of section 504 of the Federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973; (2) ways to incorporate nutrition objectives and food access objectives into their child's IEP; and (3) types of supervision that the school can provide for their child during lunch, class and between classes. In cooperation with parents and health care providers, school staff can: (1) modify the child's school breakfast and lunch to meet individual energy needs; (2) provide supervision for the children during lunch, class and between classes; (3) become more aware of the food related and educational needs of children with PWS; and (4) and ensure that food is not used as a reward in the classroom, and food is locked or stored outside of the classroom.
Correlation of optimal sizes of bodies with external forced convection heat transfer

Abstract This paper shows how to correlate the optimal sizes of bodies with specified external forced convection heat transfer, when the objective is to minimize 1) the total rate of entropy generation, or 2) the total cost. Specific results are reported for the cylinder in cross-flow, the sphere, and the flat plate in parallel flow. The results are presented in terms of dimensionless parameters that show that regardless of the body shape, the optimal size increases monotonically with the heat transfer duty parameter. A universal correlation is obtained by nondimensionalizing the body size as a Reynolds number based on the transversal length scale of the flow. The by replacing the body with an equivalent one in two-dimensional flow. The optimal sizes correlated in this manner can be applied to bodies of other shapes.
Aggression and Violence By School-Age Children and Youth: Understanding the Aggression Cycle and Prevention/lntervention Strategies

Children who commit aggressive and violent acts are seen more frequently in public school and general education classrooms. Despite the increasing numbers of these students in schools, educators re...
The effect of CS-preexposure on conditioned taste aversion in young and adult rats

Young and adult rats were given nonreinforced exposures to the flavor-CS prior to a taste aversion conditioning session. CS-preexposure prevented the conditioning of a taste aversion in young rats but only attenuated conditioning in adults. These results suggest that an enhanced CS-preexposure effect may account for the previously reported weaker conditioned taste aversion observed in young rats, as compared to adults, when there is a protracted interstimulus interval.
The effect of non-binding molecules on the gelation of HbS

Abstract The influence of an inert globular macromolecule upon the solubility of sickle cell hemoglobin has been determined as a function of the degree of oxygenation. The thermodynamic theory required to treat this and related problems is derived partition function. The treatment includes non-ideal solution behaviour as measured by osmotic pressure of highly concentrated macromolecular. solutions. Application of the theoretical equations demonstrates how the solubility of hemoglobin is influenced by the presence of the binding ligand (oxygen) and the inert macromolecule, bovine serum albumin (BSA). Good agreement is obtained between experimentally determined and theoretically calculated solubilities using 1) oxygen binding curves to solution and gel phases, 2) activity coefficients from osmotic pressure data, 3) one solubility under the condition where oxygen and BSA are absent, and 4) the value of the water content of the gel phase. Examination of the theoretical equations suggests that inert molecules of intermediate size, that are partially excluded from crystalline or gel phases, have the potential of generally increasing the solubility when non-ideal solution effects are small.
Thermal energy storage system for energy conservation and water desalination in power plants

Abstract This paper presents a novel application of a sensible TES (thermal energy storage) system for simultaneous energy conservation and water desalination in power plants. First, the TES mitigates negative effects of high ambient temperatures on the performance of ACC (air-cooled condenser) that cools a 500 MW CCPP (combined cycle power plant); next, the same TES satisfies the cooling requirements in a 0.25 mgd (950 m 3 /d) MED (multi-effect evaporation desalination) plant. Stack gases from CCPP are used to drive an ARS (absorption refrigeration system) which maintains the chilled water temperature in a TES tank. A process model integrating CCPP, ARS, TES, and MED has been developed to optimize the volume of the TES. Preliminary analysis showed that a tank volume of 2950 m 3 was adequate in meeting the cooling requirements of ACC and MED in both hot and cold seasons. The proposed TES has a potential to save 2.5% of the power loss in a CCPP on a hot summer day. Further, a desalination capacity of 0.25–0.43 mgd (950–1600 m 3 /d) can be achieved with top brine temperatures between 100 °C and 70 °C of MED.
The eosinophil ribonucleases

The eosinophil ribonucleases, eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN/RNase 2) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP/RNase 3) are two closely related proteins with intriguing functional and evolutionary properties. While both EDN and ECP maintain the structural and catalytic residues typical of the RNase A superfamily, the role of ribonuclease activity in the physiologic function of these proteins remains unclear. The biochemistry and physiology of EDN, ECP and the recently discovered ribonuclease k6 (RNase 6) will be reviewed in this chapter.
Functional ionotropic glutamate receptors emerge during terminal cell division and early neuronal differentiation of rat neuroepithelial cells.

Ionotropic glutamate receptors mediate fast forms of excitatory synaptic transmission in mature neurons and may play critical roles in neuronal development. However, the developmental stage at which neuronal cells begin to express functional receptors and their roles in lineage progression remain unclear. In the present study, neural precursor cells were isolated from the cortical neuroepithelium of embryonic day 13 rats, and rapidly expanded in serum-free medium in response to basic fibroblast growth factor. RT-PCR revealed the presence of mRNAs encoding AMPAA, AMPAC, KA1, KA2, NMDA1, and NMDA2D subunits after 3 days in culture. The functional expression of AMPA/kainate and NMDA receptors was investigated using Ca2+ imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques in cells pulse-labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for 1–4 hr. The recorded cells were then double-immunostained for BrdU incorporation and neuron-specific β-tubulin (TuJ1). The results show that AMPA/kainate and NMDA induced increases in cytosolic Ca2+ and inward currents only in differentiating neurons. In contrast, proliferating (BrdU+TuJ1-) cells failed to respond to any ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists. Interestingly, Ca2+ imaging revealed that a subpopulation of BrdU+TuJ1+ cells also responded to AMPA, indicating the emergence of functional ionotropic AMPA/kainate receptors during terminal cell division and the earliest commitment to neuronal cell lineage. These in vitro results were supported by flow cytometric sorting of AMPA-responsive cells pulse-labeled with BrdU for 1 hr in vivo, which revealed that functional AMPA receptors appear in BrdU+TuJ1+ cells under physiological conditions and may play a role in terminal cell division. J. Neurosci. Res. 61:652–662, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.