cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4166: Targeting NF-κB by the curcumin and its analogs EF-31 and UBS-109 decreases growth and angiogenesis of colon cancer

Purpose/Objective: NF-κB plays an essential role in cancer cell growth and metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis. Curcumin decreases the activity of several oncogenic transcriptional factors including NF-κB and HIF-1α, thus we investigated whether curcumin and its analogs EF-31 and UBS-109, could disrupt angiogenesis using colorectal cancer cells (CRC). Methods: HCT-116 and HT-29 cells were used in these experiments. HUVEC tube formation assay, Matrigel plug assay, Western blotting, and VEGF activity assay were carried out to determine the curcumin, EF-31 and UBS-109 role in angiogenesis. A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the in vivo effects of curcumin analogues. Results: Conditioned medium from HCT-116 or H-T29 cells exposed to curcumin, EF-31 and UBS-109 in vitro significantly blocked HUVEC tube assembly in comparison to control. In vivo, EF-31 and UBS-109 blocked the vascularization of subcutaneous matrigel plugs and the growth of CRC xenografts. We observed significant inhibition of VEGF synthesis and secretion in both colon cell lines treated with curcumin, EF-31 and UBS-109 in concert with the loss of HIF-1α expression, of which transcriptionally regulated by NF-κB. Similar effects were observed in tumors from animals treated with EF-31 and UBS-109. Further, EF-31 and UBS-109 treatment significantly decreased the tumor growth compared to untreated tumors. These results suggesting that curcumin, EF-31 and UBS-109 inhibits VEGF production in part through the degradation of HIF-1α and increased the cytoplasmic accumulation of NF-κB. Conclusion: Taken together, destabilization of HIF-1α and inhibition of NF-κB from cytoplasm to nuclear translocation may be important contributing factors to the antiangiogenic action of curcumin, EF-31 and UBS-109 in CRC. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Mamoru Shoji, Bassel El Rayes. Targeting NF-κB by the curcumin and its analogs EF-31 and UBS-109 decreases growth and angiogenesis of colon cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4166. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4166
Enabling Access to K-12 Education with Mobile Remote Presence

Extended school absence during K-12 education can have anegative impact on both the educational and social development of a child. Mobile Remote Presence (MRP) can helpenable continued access to K-12 education for children withhealth challenges. However, most MRP platforms are targetedtowards adult users in domains such as the workplace.The importance of social interaction and engagement in K-12 education creates a unique set of needs and challenges foran MRP platform. In this work, we discuss the benefits ofMRP usage for K-12 education, ongoing challenges for MRPacross domains, and the requirements of an MRP platform forthe classroom.
In vivo ultrasonic attenuation in cetacean soft tissues

In vivo ultrasonic attenuation was estimated for extracranial soft tissues of two Tursiops truncatus and one Delphinapterus leucas. Backscatter data was non-invasively collected as part of routine health-based ultrasound examinations using a transducer operating in the 1.6–3.7 MHz frequency range. Data collected over the proximal mandible and temporal regions was processed to yield attenuation estimates using a reference tissue phantom whose properties had been independently determined. The estimated attenuations were at the low end of the range of literature-reported values for mammalian fatty and connective tissues. A companion model-based analysis quantified errors arising from tissue composition and sound speed uncertainties.
Pathophysiology of the Peripheral Immune Response in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Abstract Historically, the CNS has been viewed as a place with limited immune surveillance and capacity to mount immune responses. This has led to attribute an “immunological privilege” to the CNS. However, this “privilege” is actively upheld by structural barriers specific to the CNS, such as glia limitans and blood–brain barrier, which collectively hinder the exchange of proinflammatory mediators and immune cells between the CNS and periphery. In addition, the brain features a generally antiinflammatory milieu under homeostatic conditions sustained by the expression of immunosuppressive cytokines such as transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1. Once these structural and molecular barriers are removed, as it is the case during ischemic brain injury, inflammation can proceed “as planned” and contribute to the outcome of stroke.
Building bridges between psychological science and education: Cultural stereotypes, STEM, and equity

There is a gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This presents a worldwide problem of inequity. Sociocultural stereotypes associating STEM with males act as barriers that prevent girls from developing interests in STEM. This article aims to show that we can increase equity and enhance outcomes for a broader number of children around the world by integrating psychological and educational science. The article discusses four strands of research in an effort to build a bridge between psychological science and educational practice and policy. First, it describes how stereotypes can act as barriers that prevent girls from developing interests in STEM. Second, it summarizes psychological experiments demonstrating that counteracting stereotypes can increase girls’ interest in enrolling in STEM courses. Third, it examines new results showing that children adopt the pervasive stereotypes of their culture starting from surprisingly young ages, and it shows that children’s stereotypes influence their academic attitudes and performance. Fourth, it describes innovative practical interventions that can increase and equalize motivation and engagement in STEM for both boys and girls. In each of these sections, the authors link scientific findings with educational applications. Cultural stereotypes contribute to educational inequities, but scientists, educators, and policymakers can together make a difference to reduce stereotyping and boost girls’ interest in STEM worldwide.
Examining bidirectional effects between the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) core symptom domains and anxiety in children with ASD

Background Although a bidirectional relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and anxiety symptoms is assumed, few studies have investigated this. Moreover, little is known about potential differential relationships of the two core symptom domains of ASD – social communication impairment and restricted, repetitive behavior – with anxiety over time. Method Participants were 130 children with an ASD (M age 6.7 years, 81.5% boys) of whom 79 participated in a follow-up assessment 2 years later. We used cross-lagged models to test whether social communication impairment and restricted, repetitive behavior at T0 predicted anxiety at T2 and vice versa. Results Crossed-lagged models showed that anxiety symptoms predicted social communication impairment over time (β = .22, p = .008), but not vice versa (β = −.07, p = .49). There were no significant paths from anxiety symptoms to later restricted, repetitive behavior (β = .11, p = .34) or vice versa (β = −.11, p = .27). Conclusions Our results do not support a bidirectional relationship between the ASD core symptom domains and anxiety, but suggest that higher levels of anxiety symptoms increase the risk of more social communication impairment over time in children with ASD. This underlines the importance of treating anxiety symptoms to improve both social and emotional functioning.
Donor Evaluation, Selection and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization, Procurement, and Manipulation

Donor selection for HSCT is determined by eligibility, suitability, and availability. Donor eligibility is mandated by the regulatory requirements designed to minimize the risk of transmitting infectious diseases from the donor blood product to the HSCT recipient. In contrast, donor suitability is a clinical concept: It involves the incorporation of various factors unique to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), with histocompatibility between the donor and recipient the most important. While many suitable donors may be technically “ineligible,” HSCT may proceed with proper documentation. The most common scenario is for autologous donors, for whom disease transmission into a disease-naive donor is not an issue. Selection of a preferred donor must incorporate the availability of potential donors because HSCTs are often time sensitive. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can be harvested successfully from bone marrow, from umbilical cord blood (which is a rich source of HSCs), and from peripheral blood following cytokine stimulation +/− plerixafor. Each source has its unique set of advantages and drawbacks. Successful engraftment is dependent upon HSC dose which varies by HSC source. A minimum of 2–2.5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight is typically required for successful engraftment following bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation. Minimal cell doses for umbilical cord blood are approximately tenfold lower (~2–2.5 × 107 total nucleated cells/kg recipient weight), which would typically contain ~2 x 10s CD34+ cells/kg recipient weight). Special processing may be required for some donor units; ABO incompatibility between the donor and recipient is one of the most common reasons for special processing. Cryopreservation can allow storage of HSC products for years or even decades. There are many reactions that can occur as a result of HSC infusions, and so careful observation and prompt intervention to treat any reactions are essential.
La caída del cielo o el derrumbe de las dualidades: un análisis del testimonio de Davi Kopenawa

This article is an ethical, academic and theoretical proposal that aims to denaturalize the classic differentiations between the “ones” and the “others” based on a reflection that integrates concepts such as the veil, the second look and the double conscience described by the African-American sociologist W. E. B. Du Bois, together with the concept of the unthinkable by Michel Rolph Trouillot and the reality as a construction by Michael Taussig, in the testimony of Yanomami leader Davi Kopenawa compiled in The Falling Sky (2013) and in the article by anthropologist Jadran Mimica written about the aforementioned testimony. My interest is to demonstrate how Kopenawa’s testimony overturns the classic/traditional model in which indigenous people and whites find themselves trapped in fixed categories, and how critics themselves reject the possibility of reading them in another way.
Looking at Picasso’s Guernica after the Barcelona May Days of 1937: the transgressive “Left” and the end of history

ABSTRACTFor people in Picasso’s circle, Guernica was not about the bombing of Gernika. The artist’s work on the piece overlapped with the “civil war within the civil war” between Communists and ana...
Variants and Performances of Novel Direct Learning Algorithms for L2 Support Vector Machines

The paper introduces a novel Direct L2 Support Vector Machine (DL2 SVM) classifier and presents the performances of its 4 variants on 12 different binary and multiclass datasets. Direct L2 SVM avoids solving quadratic programming (QP) problem and it solves the Nonnegative Least Squares (NNLS) task instead, which, unlike the related iterative algorithms, produces an impeccably accurate results. Solutions obtained by NNLS and QP are equal but NNLS needs much less CPU time. The comprehensive DL2 SVM model, as well as its three variants, are devised. The similarities with, and differences in respect to, LS SVM and proximal SVMs are pointed at too. The four DL2 SVM models performances are compared in terms of accuracy, percentage of support vectors and CPU time. A strict nested cross-validation (double resampling) is used in all experiments.
Consciousness, Idealism, and Skepticism: Reflections on Jay Garfield’s Engaging Buddhism

Jay Garfield’s Engaging Buddhism admirably shows the relevance of Indian philosophy to the interests of mainstream analytic Anglophone philosophers. Garfield deploys the Indian tradition to critique phenomenal realism, the view that there really are qualia or phenomenal properties—that there really is ‘something it’s like’ to be undergoing the experience you are undergoing right now. I argue that Garfield’s critique probably turns on a false dilemma that omits the possibility of introspection as a fallible tool for getting at a real stream of experience that may or may not be accurately reported. Garfield also argues that if we are phenomenal realists, metaphysical idealism remains a philosophical possibility, whereas if we join him in rejecting phenomenal realism then we can also justifiably reject metaphysical idealism. I accept this conditional but reverse its valence: One advantage of phenomenal realism, and also of engaging with the Indian philosophical tradition, is that it opens up wonderful possibilities, like metaphysical idealism, that mainstream analytic Anglophone philosophers tend to too swiftly dismiss.
Composition Systematics in the Exoskeleton of the American Lobster Homarus americanus and Implications for Malacostraca

Studies of biominerals from the exoskeletons of lobsters and other crustaceans report chemical heterogeneities across disparate body parts that have prevented the development of composition-based environmental proxy models. Anecdotal evidence, however, suggests underlying composition systematics may exist in the mineral component of this biocomposite material. We test this idea by designing a protocol to separately extract the mineral (amorphous calcium carbonate plus calcite) and organic (chitin plus protein) fractions of the exoskeleton. The fractions were analyzed by ICP-OES and other wet chemistry methods to quantify Mg, Ca, and P contents of the bulk, mineral, and organic matrix. Applying this approach to the exoskeleton for seven body parts of the American lobster, Homarus americanus, we characterize the chemical composition of each fraction. The measurements confirm Mg, P, and Ca concentrations in lobster exoskeletons are highly variable. However, the ratios of Mg/Ca and P/Ca in the mineral fraction are constant for all parts, except the chelae (claws), which are offset to higher values. By normalizing concentrations to obtain P/Ca and Mg/Ca, we show that all body parts conserve P/Mg to 1.27±0.30. The findings suggest lobsters hold promise as a novel class of animals that record composition systematics within their CaCO3 biominerals. Parallel structural analyses of the bulk samples confirm a large proportion of amorphous calcium carbonate relative to calcite in the mineral fractions for each body part using high-energy X-ray diffraction and PDF analysis. There is no evidence for a phosphate phase. Returning to compositions reported for other marine (crab, lobster, and marine shrimp) and terrestrial (pillbug) crustaceans, we find evidence for similar Mg/Ca and P/Ca patterns in these organisms. The relationships provide a basis for developing new proxies for environmental reconstructions using animals from the class Malacostraca and provide insights into how composition may be optimized to meet functional requirements of the mineral fraction in exoskeletons. Compositional variability, and hence differential solubility, suggests a thermodynamic basis for the taphonomic bias that is observed in the fossil record.
Social Disparities and Death Among Children With Complex Chronic Conditions.

* Abbreviation: CCC — : complex chronic condition In this issue of Pediatrics , Johnston et al,1 in their article “Disparities in Inpatient Intensity of End-of-Life Care for Complex Chronic Conditions,” add to our growing awareness of the impact that family sociodemographic characteristics can have on health care for children with complex chronic conditions (CCCs). Family race, ethnicity, income, geography, and education have been shown to alter other aspects of medical care and health outcomes for this vulnerable pediatric population.2,3 Because >80% of children with CCCs die in inpatient settings,4 it is important to examine how such factors may also be associated with end-of-life care. Johnston et al1 analyzed all deaths in California between 2000 and 2013 for children 1 to 21 years old with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and 10th Revisions code for a CCC5 on their death certificate or on hospital discharge documentation within 1 year of … Address correspondence to Renee D. Boss, MD, MHS, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, 1809 Ashland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21287. E-mail: rboss1{at}jhmi.edu
Mindful BALANCE (breathe act learn about 'now' care everyday): A pilot project for depressed female adolescents.

PROBLEM Major depressive episodes in adolescent females have increased during the past decade, placing them at risk to engage in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, unsafe thoughts, suicidal ideation, and lethal actions. Mindfulness, a tool for stress management, is underutilized. METHODS Mindful BALANCE (Breathe Act Learn About 'Now' Care Everyday), a group therapy pilot program introduced a variety of mindfulness activities. The extended mindfulness followed the Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment (COPE), a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills Building (CBSB) Healthy Lifestyle program. The pilot program was offered in an outpatient mental health department for 7 weeks. FINDINGS Mindful BALANCE is a feasible program as an adjunct to individualized psychotherapy. Six subjects engaged without absence with a completion rate of 83%. Six subjects had pre- and post-scores for depression and anxiety decrease. Mindfulness practice was reported to decrease the perception of stress. CONCLUSION Mindful BALANCE decreased perceived depression and anxiety symptoms while positively impacting healthy activities in adolescent females. Further research is necessary to readdress feasibility and extended mindfulness components in improving global well-being and diminishing suicide risk.
Clinical phenotype and variantal analysis of a pedigree affected with hereditary coagulation factor V deficiency

Objective To explore the molecular basis for a pedigree affected with coagulation factor Ⅴ (FⅤ) deficiency. Methods Clinical data of the patient and his family members was analyzed. Targeted capture and next-generation sequencing(NGS) and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect potential variant of the FⅤ gene. Results The patient presented with jaundice and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastic time (APTT). Ⅴ factor activity measured only 0.1% of the normal level, though the patient had no sign of bleeding. A paternal heterozygous variant c. 653T>C (p.F218S) and a maternal heterozygous variant c. 3642_3643del (p.P1215Rfs*175) were identified in the FⅤ gene of the patient. His elder brother was a heterozygous carrier of the c. 653T>C (p.F218S) variant. c. 653T>C (p.F218S) was a known pathogenic variant, while the c. 3642_3643del (p.P1215Rfs*175) variant was unreported previously. Conclusion Mutations of the FⅤ gene probably underlie the hereditary coagulation factor Ⅴ deficiency in this patient. NGS combined with Sanger sequencing has detected potential variant with efficiency and provided a reliable basis for clinical and prenatal diagnosis for this family. Key words: Factor Ⅴ deficiency; FⅤ gene; Next-generation sequencing; Genetic variant
Predicting the future: adult T-cell leukemia.

In this issue of Blood, Rowan et al demonstrate that driver mutations for human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)–associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) can be identified years before the clinical manifestations of disease are apparent.
Signatures of Hydrologic Function Across the Critical Zone Observatory Network

Despite a multitude of small catchment studies, we lack a deep understanding of how variations in critical zone architecture lead to variations in hydrologic states and fluxes. This study characterizes hydrologic dynamics of 15 catchments of the U.S. Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) network where we hypothesized that our understanding of subsurface structure would illuminate patterns of hydrologic partitioning. The CZOs collect data sets that characterize the physical, chemical, and biological architecture of the subsurface, while also monitoring hydrologic fluxes such as streamflow, precipitation, and evapotranspiration. For the first time, we collate time series of hydrologic variables across the CZO network and begin the process of examining hydrologic signatures across sites. We find that catchments with low baseflow indices and high runoff sensitivity to storage receive most of their precipitation as rain and contain clay‐rich regolith profiles, prominent argillic horizons, and/or anthropogenic modifications. In contrast, sites with high baseflow indices and low runoff sensitivity to storage receive the majority of precipitation as snow and have more permeable regolith profiles. The seasonal variability of water balance components is a key control on the dynamic range of hydraulically connected water in the critical zone. These findings lead us to posit that water balance partitioning and streamflow hydraulics are linked through the coevolution of critical zone architecture but that much work remains to parse these controls out quantitatively.
Lyapunov Functions for Time-Scale Dynamics on Riemannian Geometries of the Simplex

We combine incentive, adaptive, and time-scale dynamics to study multipopulation dynamics on the simplex equipped with a large class of Riemannian metrics, simultaneously generalizing and extending many dynamics commonly studied in dynamic game theory and evolutionary dynamics. Each population has its own geometry, method of adaptation (incentive), and time-scale (discrete, continuous, and others). Using information-theoretic measures of distance we give a widely-applicable Lyapunov result for the dynamics.
Hypothesis: daptomycin permeabilizes membranes by forming self‑assembled nanotubes

Daptomycin is the only lipopeptide antibiotic that is widely used in clinical practice. It was discovered by Eli Lilly and then studied and commercialized by Cubist Pharmaceuticals in 2003. Although this antibiotic has been used for 17 years, the debate over its mechanism of action is ongoing. In this paper, we discuss the different hypotheses on the mode of action of this antibiotic with a primary focus on the bacterial membrane permeabilization as the main mechanism of action. By comparing the experimental data on the oligomerization of daptomycin in membranes with properties of self-assembling cyclic peptides, we conclude that the structure of daptomycin oligomer should resemble the structures of peptide nanotubes that serve as ion channels in membranes.
Effect of Negation in Sentences on Sentiment Analysis and Polarity Detection

Abstract Sentiment analysis is one of the sub-domains of Natural Language Processing (NLP) that is of piqued interest in the research community. With the advent of e-commerce and social media, more and more customer opinions are being provided online in the written text form. Nowadays, sentiment analysis provides a way for companies to understand customer opinions towards products and services in a global marketplace. Negative sentences or using negations in sentences have a significant impact on sentiment polarity detection. Inappropriate processing of negations in leads to biases and misclassification of sentiments. In this paper, we provide a novel end-to-end sentiment analysis approach to handle negations, along with the inclusion of negation identification and negation scope marking. Our approach introduces a customized negation marking algorithm for explicit negation detection and perform experiments on sentiment analysis with different machine learning algorithms such as Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) on sentiment analysis of Amazon reviews, specifically of cell phones. By evaluating the effect of the negation algorithm on the sentiment analysis tasks, the RNN achieved the best accuracy of 95.67% when combined with our negation marking processing, exceeding its accuracy without any identification of negative sentences. Further, our approach was applied to another dataset of Amazon reviews and demonstrated a significant improvement in the overall accuracy.
Adaptive Horizon Adjustment for Model-Predictive Control

Internal Model type controllers such as Dynamic Matrix Control and Model Algorithmic Control attempt to minimize the ill effects of control effort constraints by feedback around the process model. The controls are chosen to minimize an integral of the "distance" between the desired and achievable model response. An alternate method of selecting the controls is to require that the state of the model match the state of the trajectory generator at selected times in the future. The adaptive horizon algorithm presented in this work selects controls so that the model state and the trajectory generator state match after n+1 time periods, where n is the order of the minimum phase portion of the process model. To accommodate constraints the algorithm adaptively adjusts the size of the time periods so that none of the controls beyond, the initial step violate constraints. The algorithm has been applied to a number of single-input, single-output systems and shows good tracking of the desired trajectory with only a modest computational effort.
A solitary xanthoma of the attached gingiva: Report of a case

Abstract A case of solitary xanthoma arising from the attached gingiva in a 34-year-old white man has been described. No such lesion in the oral cavity has been previously reported.
Evaluation of the reach and impact of the 100% Jeune youth social marketing program in Cameroon: findings from three cross-sectional surveys

The 100% Jeune youth social marketing program in Cameroon aims to address the high STI/HIV prevalence rates and the high levels of unwanted pregnancy. This study evaluates the 100% Jeune program, analyzing its reach and impact on condom use, level of sexual activity, and predictors of condom use. This analysis uses data from three waves of the Cameroon Adolescent Reproductive Health Survey, implemented at 18-month intervals between 2000 and 2003. The sample is restricted to unmarried youth aged 15–24; sample sizes are 1,956 youth in 2000, 3,237 in 2002, and 3,370 in 2003. Logistic regression analyses determine trends in reproductive health behavior and their predictors, as well as estimate the effect of program exposure on these variables. All regression analyses control for differences in sample characteristics. A comparison of trends over the 36-month study period shows that substantial positive changes occurred among youth. Results of dose response analyses indicate that some of these positive changes in condom use and predictors of use can be attributed to the 100% Jeune youth social marketing program. The program contributed to substantial increases in condom use, including consistent use with regular partners among youth of both sexes. Among males, it also contributed to consistent use with casual partners. While condom use increased with both regular and casual partners, levels of use are higher with the latter. Observed secular trends indicate that factors besides the 100% Jeune program also contributed to the observed improvements. Despite efforts to promote abstinence, the 100% Jeune program had no effect on levels of sexual activity or number of sexual partners. Likewise, there is no evidence that reproductive health programs for youth lead to increased sexual activity. Results show that 100% Jeune successfully used a variety of mass media and interpersonal communication channels to reach a high proportion of youth throughout the intervention period. In a context in which a variety of governmental and nongovernmental partners are increasing youth-focused reproductive health programming, the 100% Jeune program reached a higher proportion of youth than did other programs. Collective efforts of multiple organizations over time can lead to improvements in adolescent reproductive health. Resources should be allocated to identify and understand predictors of abstinence and partner reduction to inform future programming decisions.
A Mycenaean Open-Air Cult Place in Iklaina

During the recent excavations at the Mycenaean settlement of Iklaina a pit was unearthed, containing burned animal bones, numerous drinking vases, plaster offering tables, and animal figurines. This find presents a reasonable case of an open-air site with ritual associations. Here I present a preliminary description of the pit and its finds and assess its possible function and importance. DOI:10.2458/azu_jaei_v07i3_cosmopoulos
Scheduling message processing for reducing rollback propagation

The authors show that the probability of rollback propagation in a message-passing system can often be greatly reduced by reordering the processing of messages. Also, rollback propagation was measured for several parallel programs. A scheduling algorithm for message processing and its implementation for reducing rollback propagation are described. The algorithm incorporates a user-transparent prioritized scheme based on the run-time communication and checkpointing history. Communication trace-driven simulation for several parallel programs written in the Chare Kernel language demonstrated that the probability of rollback propagation can be reduced at the cost of slight additional performance degradation. >
Hardware/Software Co-design Methodology and DSP/FPGA Partitioning: A Case Study for Meeting Real-Time Processing Deadlines in 3.5G Mobile Receivers

This paper presents a DSP/FPGA hardware/software partitioning methodology for signal processing workloads. The example workload is the channel equalization and user-detection in HSDPA wireless standard for 3.5G mobile handsets. Channel equalization and user-detection is a major component of receiver baseband processing and requires strict adherence to real time deadlines. By intelligently exploring the embedded design space, this paper presents a hardware/software system-on-chip partitionings that utilizes both DSP and FPGA based coprocessors to meet and exceed the real time data rates determined by the HSDPA standard. Hardware and software partitioning strategies are discussed with respect to real time processing deadlines, while an SOC simulation toolset is presented as vehicle for prototyping embedded architectures.
Exudative Retinal Detachment Caused by Metastatic Choriocarcinoma to the Choroid

Abstract Background Choriocarcinoma is an aggressive malignant tumor. It commonly invades the uterus, causing necrosis and hemorrhage through vascular invasion. Metastasis is also common, with the main areas affected being the lung, brain, liver, pelvis, vagina, spleen, intestine, and kidney. Objectives To illustrate the presentation of a rare disease, metastatic choriocarcinoma to the eye, causing a retinal detachment, and to elucidate the characteristics and treatment of that rare disease. Case Report A 23-year-old woman presented to our Emergency Department with a left painful red eye with decreased visual acuity and was subsequently diagnosed with choriocarcinoma with metastasis to the lungs, brain, and choroid, causing a left exudative retinal detachment. Conclusion Gestational choriocarcinoma with metastasis to the eye is a rare disease and a rare cause of exudative retinal detachment. In general, metastatic choriocarcinoma is highly curable with chemotherapy. However, metastasis to the eye, regardless of the type of tumor, portends a poor prognosis.
The Aesthetics of Everyday Life edited by light, andrew and jonathan m. smith

I. Theorizing the Aesthetics of the Everyday1. The Nature of Everyday Aesthetics, by Tom Leddy2. Ideas for a Social Aesthetic, by Arnold Berleant3. On the Aesthetics of the Everyday: Familiarity, Strangeness, and the Meaning of Place, by Arto Haapala4. Danto and Baruchello: From Art to the Aesthetics of the Everyday, by Michael A. PrincipeII. Appreciating the Everyday Environment5. Building and the Naturally Unplanned, by Pauline von Bonsdorff6. What is the Correct Curriculum for Landscape?, by Allen Carlson7. Wim Wenders's Everyday Aesthetics, by Andrew LightIII. Finding the Everday Aesthetic8. Sport Viewed Aesthetically, and Even as Art?, by Wolfgang Welsch9. The Aesthetics of Weather, by Yuriko Saito10. Sniffing and Savoring: The Aesthetics of Smells and Tastes, by Emily Brady11. How Can Food Be Art?, by Glenn Kuehn
Early decrease of 2‐deoxy glucose and α‐amino isobutyric acid transport are among the first events in differentiating synchronized murine erythroleukemia cells

Murine erythroleukemic cells were induced to differentiate along the erythroid pathway by Me2SO and HMBA. These inducers caused an early decrease in the transport of glucose and amino acids, both in non-synchronized and in synchronized cultures. Careful analysis of the transport parameters in synchronized cultures showed a cyclic fluctuation of the Vmax but no significant change of the Km. In the presence of the inducers, however, a modification of the Km and Vmax of both carriers was observed which was not dependent on cell cycle. This modification is very early and precedes the transient arrest of the cells in G1 reported previously. In addition, a Me2SO-resistant cell line (DR10) does not show any changes in the transport of glucose and amino acids when incubated with Me2SO. However, there is an effect on the transport when incubated with HMBA which induces differentiation of 50% of the cells. These data support the hypothesis that an early effect of the inducers on the plasma membrane may be a necessary prerequisite for initiation of differentiation in murine erythroleukemic cells.
Lead (Pb) alters the norepinephrine-induced secretion of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone from the median eminence of adult male rats in vitro

Abstract In the present study, we evaluated the in vitro effects of lead (Pb) on basal and stimulated luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) secretion. Median eminences (ME) were removed from brains of adult male rats and preincubated for 15 minutes in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose buffer in an atmosphere of 95% O 2 -5% CO 2 . These media were discarded and all MEs were subjected to one of the following experiments. In Experiment 1, all MEs were incubated for 30 minutes in medium only. These media were collected and replaced with medium only (controls) or with medium containing Pb doses ranging from 5 to 20 μM. After this 60-minute incubation, media were collected, then replaced with new medium containing 60 μM norepinephrine (NE), or NE plus each dose of Pb, then incubated for a final 30-minute period. Experiment 2 was conducted as above, except PGE 2 (2.8 μM) replaced the NE. In both experiments, the amounts of LHRH released was measured by RIA. In experiment 3, NE was again used for the challenge; however, this time, the amount of PGE 2 released was measured by RIA. Results indicate that Pb did not alter basal LHRH release, but compared with controls, significantly blocked NE-induced LHRH release in a dose-related manner. Conversely, Pb had no effect on the PGE 2 -induced release of LHRH. Additionally, Pb did not alter basal PGE 2 release; however, it significantly blocked the NE-induced release of PGE 2 . Since NE-induced LHRH release is mediated by PGE 2 , these results support the hypothesis that Pb is capable of altering the hypothalamus and suggest that this effect is due, at least in part, to the diminished PGE 2 synthesis/release within the ME, resulting in diminished LHRH secretion.
Melting chocolate and melting snowmen: analogical reasoning and causal relations.

Abstract Children's performance in the classical a:b::c:d analogy task is traditionally very poor prior to the Piagetian stage of formal operations. The interpretation has been that the ability to reason about higher-order relations (the relations between the a:b and c:d parts of the analogy) is late-developing. However, an alternative possibility is that the relations used to date in the analogies are too difficult for younger children. Two experiments presented children aged 3, 4 and 6 years with a:b::c:d analogies which were based on relations of physical causality such as melting and cutting, for example chocolate bar: melted chocolate:: snowman:melted snowman. Understanding of these particular causal relations is known to develop between the ages of 3 and 4 years. It was found that even 3-years-olds could solve the classical analogies if they understood the causal relations on which they were based.
Blood levels of ethynylestradiol, caffeine, aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone in hypertensive oral contraceptive users.

Abstract Twenty normotensive and ten hypertensive black women taking oral contraceptive (OC) were studied. Age, body weight, family medical history of hypertension, length of OC use, and type of OC were comparable. At midcycle approximately 10–12 hours following OC intake, blood was drawn and the plasma was used to determine ethynylestradiol (EE 2 ), caffeine, aldosterone (Aldo) and desoxycorticosterone (DOC) levels. The results showed that in hypertensive OC users, EE 2 and caffeine levels were significantly higher (P
Analogue computer model of a kidney during preservation.

This report describes a model of the renal perfusion dynamic changes that occur during kidney preservation. The model utilises data from physiological experiments performed in this laboratory as well as from observations reported in the literature. Included in the model are the effects of cellular volume changes due to metabolic variations, vascular distensibility and a hypothesised tissue pressure effect observed under some conditions.
Granulometric dependence of chromium accumulation in estuarine sediments in Maine

Variation of chromium concentrations with grain size in estuarine sediments comples use of a sediment textural indicator in examination of pollutant chromium distribution. Sediment specific surface area is shown to be superior to measurements of the proportion of fine-grained sediment in defining regional variations of chromium concentration with sediment texture in three relatively unpolluted estuaries. Mineralogy is the prime control on chromium levels in these estuaries. The application of a textural normalization technique using specific surface areas in an estuary receiving a chromium-rich effluent allows differentiation of polluted from nonpolluted sediments. Accumulation of effluent chromium occurs within the estuary, not in adjacent coastal sediments, and concentration occurs in intertidal rather than subtidal zones.
The Type II Collagen N-propeptide, PIIBNP, inhibits cell survival and bone resorption of osteoclasts via integrin-mediated signaling

Objective Type IIB procollagen is characteristic of cartilage, comprising 50% of the extracellular matrix. The NH2-propeptide of type IIB collagen, PIIBNP, can kill tumor cells via binding to integrins αVβ3 and αVβ5. As osteoclasts rely on αVβ3 integrins for function in bone erosion, we sought to determine whether PIIBNP could inhibit osteoclast function.
Numerical study of the onset of superfluidity in two-dimensional, disordered, hard-core bosons.

The ground-state of hard-core bosons in a random one-body potential is studied numerically to observe the transition from superfluid to insulating ``Bose glass'' phase. Finite-size scaling analyses are performed to estimate the transition point and critical exponents. The dynamical critical exponent is z=1.95\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.25 and is consistent with the prediction of Fisher et al. [Phys. Rev. B 40, 546 (1989)]. Values for other exponents and preliminary results regarding the universal conductivity are presented.
Beam-driven acceleration in ultra-dense plasma media

Accelerating parameters of beam-driven wakefield acceleration in an extremely dense plasma column has been analyzed with the dynamic framed particle-in-cell plasma simulator, and compared with analytic calculations. In the model, a witness beam undergoes a TeV/m scale alternating potential gradient excited by a micro-bunched drive beam in a 1025 m−3 and 1.6 × 1028 m−3 plasma column. The acceleration gradient, energy gain, and transformer ratio have been extensively studied in quasi-linear, linear-, and blowout-regimes. The simulation analysis indicated that in the beam-driven acceleration system a hollow plasma channel offers ∼20% higher acceleration gradient by enlarging the channel radius (r) from 0.2 λp to 0.6 λp in a blowout regime. This paper suggests a feasibility of TeV/m scale acceleration with a hollow crystalline structure (e.g., nanotubes) of high electron plasma density.
Vibrational intensities and bond moments in deuterated methanes

Abstract The intensities of infrared absorption bands in CH 3 D, CH 2 D 2 , and CHD 3 have been measured by the method of Wilson and Wells. These data yield alternate solutions for bond moment and bond derivative one of which appears to lie outside experimental error. The favored solution is μ CH = ±0.33 debye and ( ∂μ ∂r ) CH = ∓0.61 debye/angstrom . The conclusion of Coulson that the CH bond moment has a polarity of C + H − leads one to favor the upper combination of signs.
Pioneers, Imitators, and Generics — a Simulation Model of Schumpeterian Competition

A computer simulation model in the tradition of evolutionary models of technical change is developed in this paper. It focuses on R&D competition in new product introductions and is based on data for the U. S. pharmaceutical industry during the 1970s. The sensitivity of innovation levels to the rate of generic competition, regulatory review time, and patent life is examined in the computer simulation experiments. These factors are found to have significant long-run effects on industry structure and innovation levels.
Thermal destratification in a cylindrical packed bed

Abstract Thermal destratification was observed in a cylindrical packed bed 62 cm high and 37.5 cm in diameter filled with 12.6 mm diameter glass spheres and saturated with air. The boundaries were impermeable and covered with 10.2 cm of either polystyrene or fiberglass insulation except in one experiment where the top surface was free and uninsulated. An apparent thermal diffusivity was calculated from the data assuming conduction only and indicated that natural convection must have a role in thermal destratification. A flow pattern consistent with the measured axisymmetric temperature field suggests that heat transfer through the sides may be important in the destratification process.
Corneal flap complications in refractive surgery ☆: Part 2: postoperative treatments of diffuse lamellar keratitis in an experimental animal model

Abstract Purpose To induce diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) and investigate a prophylactic treatment with pharmacological agents. Setting Magill Research Center for Vision Correction, Storm Eye Institute, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Methods In 100 eyes of 50 Dutch Belted rabbits, a nasal corneal flap was cut and the interface inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (n = 50) or Palmolive® Ultra soap (n = 50). The eyes were randomly assigned to treatment with a mast-cell stabilizer, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), a fluoroquinolone antibiotic agent, a corticosteroid, or left without treatment as a control. Slitlamp examinations and photographs were performed 1, 3, 5, and 7 days postoperatively, and DLK was graded by a masked observer from 0 (no DLK) to stage 4. Results At the end of the study, 80 eyes were available for evaluation. Ninety-four percent of the untreated eyes developed DLK compared to 56% of eyes treated with NSAIDs and 63% of eyes treated with steroids (P .05, Fisher exact test). Conclusions Postoperative prophylactic treatment with NSAIDs and corticosteroids led to a statistically significantly lower incidence of postoperative DLK. The study demonstrated that corticosteroids and NSAIDs can be used to treat DLK after LASIK. While steroids are a generally accepted treatment for DLK, NSAIDS may offer an additional potent modality.
Laboratory simulation of hydrothermal petroleum formation from sediment in Escanaba Trough, offshore from northern California

Petroleum associated with sulfide-rich sediment is present in Escanaba Trough at the southern end of the Gorda Ridge spreading axis offshore from northern California within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the U.S. This location and occurrence are important for evaluation of the mineral and energy resource potential of the seafloor under U.S. jurisdiction. In Escanaba Trough, petroleum is believed to be formed by hydrothermal processes acting on mainly terrigenous organic material in Quaternary, river-derived sediment. To attempt to simulate these processes in the laboratory, portions of a Pleistocene gray-green mud, obtained from ∼ 1.5 m below the seafloor at a water depth of ∼ 3250 m in Escanaba Trough, were heated in the presence of water in four hydrous-pyrolysis experiments conducted at temperatures ranging from 250 to 350°C and at a pressure of 350 bar for 1.0–4.5 days. Distributions of n-alkanes, isoprenoid hydrocarbons, triterpanes, and steranes in the heated samples were compared with those in a sample of hydrothermal petroleum from the same area. Mud samples heated for less than 4.5 days at less than 350°C show changes in some, but not all, molecular marker ratios of organic compounds that are consistent with those expected during hydrothermal petroleum formation. Our results suggest that the organic matter in this type of sediment serves as one possible source for some of the compounds found in the hydrothermal petroleum.
Two-dimensional high-resolution NMR spectra in matched b0 and b1 field gradients

Abstract In a recent publication we presented a method to obtain highly resolved NMR spectra in the presence of an inhomogeneous B 0 field with the help of a matched RF gradient. If RF gradient pulses are combined with “ideal” 90° pulses to form inhomogeneous z rotation pulses, the line broadening caused by the B 0 gradient can be refocused, while the full chemical shift information is maintained. This approach is of potential use for NMR spectroscopy in an inhomogeneous magnetic field produced by an “ex-situ” surface spectrometer. In this contribution, we extend this method toward two-dimensional spectroscopy with high resolution in one or both dimensions. Line narrowing in the indirect dimension can be achieved by two types of nutation echoes, thus leading to depth-sensitive NMR spectra with full chemical shift information. If the nutation echo in the indirect dimension is combined with a stroboscopic acquisition using inhomogeneous z -rotation pulses, highly resolved two-dimensional correlation spectra can be obtained in matched field gradients. Finally, we demonstrate that an INEPT coherence transfer from proton to carbon spins is possible in inhomogeneous B 0 fields. Thus, it is possible to obtain one-dimensional 13 C NMR spectra with increased sensitivity and two-dimensional HETCOR spectra in the presence of B 0 gradients of 0.4 mT/cm. These schemes may be of some value for ex-situ NMR analysis of materials and biological systems.