cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Serratia marcescens endophthalmitis after cataract surgery despite vancomycin and gentamicin in irrigation fluid

I read with interest the paper by Nishant Kumar and colleagues, I in which they cited our publication.2 However, our study refers to the prophylactic use of antibiotics during vitrectomy and not in irrigating solution in cataract extraction. We have shown clinically2 and experimentally3 that this method can work for posterior segment surgery if 1) one is dealing with an organism sensitive to the antibiotic used, and 2) the bacterial load is not high.3 The pharmacokinetics of the antibiotic in the vitreous after vitrectomy is significantly better suited for prophylaxis than that in the anterior chamber after cataract extraction. The aqueous is replaced completely in less than 2 hours, which does not provide enough time for the antibiotics to be very effective at these low concentrations. The results would be potentially different if the dosage were significantly higher (e.g., 30 pg and above for gentamicin).4 Finally, there is no absoluteness in any concept in medicine. This is especially true if the organism causing endophthalmitis is not sensitive to the drug used or if the concentration of the antibiotic is not high enough, as in this reported case.
A water evaporation based model for lubricant dryoff on die surfaces heated beyond the leidenfrost point

Lubricants in hot forging are applied to the heated die surface by spraying dilute water based graphite suspensions through high-pressure nozzles. To avoid undesirable steam formation, these lubricant droplets need to completely dry before deformation begins. This paper presents an analytical model to estimate evaporation time for the impacting drops at surface temperatures above Leidenfrost, 300–450°C. It is based on the suspension of deformed droplet on a vapor cushion sustained by a continuous supply of water from the drying droplet. Model predictions are validated by single droplet experiments with different surface temperatures, dilution ratios, and impacting speeds.
The blood-aqueous barrier in five species

The in vivo sites of the blood-aqueous barrier were determined in five animal species, using acriflavine neutral (224 mol. wt.), ultrafreezing and drying, fluorescence microscopy, and fluorometry. Not toxic, acriflavine had specific in vivo affinity for nuclear DNA and RNA, produced intense fluorescence, and did not pass through hematic barriers. Acriflavine was given in doses to produce the same concentrations in the systemic blood or in the aqueous humor. The exact sites of the blood-aqueous barrier, demonstrated by tracing the acriflavine fluorescence through tissues and individual cells, were in the basal cell membranes of inner ciliary and iridial epithelia and apical cell membranes of iridial and corneal endothelia. Acriflavine passed freely from the aqueous humor into the blood stream. It also followed an aqueous flow into the vitreous body and optic nerve head vessels. Interruption or reversal of this flow may cause open-angle glaucoma.
Risks of kidney pool implantation

This report describes prolonged and severe complications associated with implantation of a reniform pool in a suburban backyard. Completion of the operation and resolution of symptoms required nearly 2 years. Corrective procedures and therapy are discussed, which may prove useful to others evaluating the risk/benefit ratio of this apparently straightforward elective procedure.
Pion production with radioactive nuclei

Abstract The possibility to study the coordinate and momentum space structure of exotic nuclei via pion production with radioactive beams is investigated. Exploratory calculations for 11 Li are presented. A strong sensitivity of the pion energy spectra to the momentum distribution of the halo neutrons is found.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and its role in motor neuron degeneration in ALS

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in many metabolic and apoptotic pathways that regulate the life and death of cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mitochondrial dysfunction may cause motor neuron death by predisposing them to calcium-mediated excitotoxicity, by increasing generation of reactive oxygen species, and by initiating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Morphological and biochemical mitochondrial abnormalities have been described in sporadic human ALS cases, but the implications of these findings in terminally ill individuals or in post-mortem tissues are difficult to decipher. However, remarkable mitochondrial abnormalities have also been identified in transgenic mouse models of familial ALS expressing mutant Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Detailed studies in these mouse models indicate that mitochondrial abnormalities begin prior to the clinical and pathological onset of the disease, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may be causally involved in the pathogenesis of ALS. Although the mechanisms whereby mutant SOD1 damages mitochondria remain to be fully understood, the finding that a portion of mutant SOD1 is localized in mitochondria, where it forms aberrant aggregates and protein interactions, has opened a number of avenues of investigation. The future challenges are to devise models to better understand the effects of mutant SOD1 in mitochondria and the relative contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to the pathogenesis of ALS, as well as to identify therapeutic approaches that target mitochondrial dysfunction and its consequences.
Full-scale wind-tunnel investigation of the effects of wing leading-edge modifications on the high angle-of-attack aerodynamic characteristics of a low-wing general aviation airplane

The paper presents the results of a recent investigation to determine the effects of wing leading-edge modifications on the high angle-of-attack aerodynamic characteristics of a low-wing general aviation airplane in the Langley Full-Scale Wind Tunnel. The investigation was conducted to provide aerodynamic information for correlation and analysis of flight-test results obtained for the configuration. The wind-tunnel investigation consisted of force and moment measurements, wing pressure measurements, flow surveys, and flow visualization studies utilizing a tuft grid, smoke and nonintrusive mini-tufts which were illuminated by ultra-violet light. In addition to the tunnel scale system which measured overall forces and moments, the model was equipped with an auxiliary strain-gage balance within the left wing panel to measure lift and drag forces on the outer wing panel independent of the tunnel scale system. The leading-edge modifications studied included partial- and full-span leading-edge droop arrangements as well as leading-edge slats.
Growth rate dispersion vs size-dependent growth rate for MSMPR crystallizer data

Abstract A discussion of modeling of crystal growth kinetics for real MSMPR crystallizer data is presented. The modeling of growth kinetics is done twice—once assuming that growth rate dispersion is a source of curvature in the log population density vs size data plot and again when this curvature is caused by size-dependent growth. Calculations clearly indicate that, when experimental log population density vs size data plots exhibit curvature, use of the size-dependent growth rate approach gives more reliable growth kinetics across a broad crystal size range than those obtained from modeling of growth kinetics by growth rate dispersion.
Stimulus selection with duration as a relevant cue

Abstract To date, research has not explicitly examined how duration competes with other stimulus dimensions for control over responding. The present study investigated some familiar selective mechanisms of stimulus control over key pecking in pigeons, with duration and line tilt as discriminative stimuli in successive discrimination procedures. Specifically, pigeon's key pecking was reinforced with food or extinguished following compound stimuli comprising one of two line orientation stimuli presented for one of two different durations. Traditional experimental designs explored stimulus additivity, overshadowing, blocking, and learned irrelevance. Although stimulus additivity was observed, control by duration was masked by line tilt in extinction testing that followed facilitated acquisition with redundant, relevant cues. In addition, although prior training with duration relevant partially blocked subsequent acquisition of control by line tilt when both stimulus dimensions were relevant, there was a tendency for control by duration to decrease with continued compound training. It was suggested that the greater time required to distinguish duration on a trial—compared to more commonly studied stimulus dimensions, which can be distinguished almost immediately—puts duration at a competitive disadvantage in situations where other relevant dimensions are also available.
MEDIA USE IN THE CONTEMPORARY PRESIDENCY

The mass media are an integral part of the contemporary presidency, yet the empirically-based scholarship analyzing the relationship between presidents and the media tends to be confined to campaign environments rather than to the context of governing. This essay begins to rectify that situation by providing a preliminary analysis of mediated speech in the first year of presidential administrations. Presidents Carter through Clinton are included in the analysis. The findings indicate the growth of the media as an audience for presidential speech, and a tendency for presidents to bifurcate their speech into specific policy appeals presented to narrowly defined audiences on the one handandgeneralizedappeals forpersonalizedsupport presented to broadly defined national audiences on the other hand.
Neurotensin enhances agonist-induced cAMP accumulation in PC3 cells via Ca2+-dependent adenylyl cyclase(s)

A human prostate cancer cell line (PC3) with abundant neurotensin (NT) receptors was used to demonstrate that NT potentiated 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophate (cAMP) accumulation in response to a variety of stimuli, including both direct forskolin (F) and indirect (prostaglandin, (PGE2), isoproterenol (ISO) and cholera toxin (CTx)) activators of adenylyl cyclase. Several mechanisms were investigated and our results indicated an effect on the rate of cAMP formation and not on degradation or extrusion. For each stimulus, NT enhanced efficacy without altering EC50. The effect of NT did not involve stimulatory G-protein (Gs)-activation or interference with a tonic inhibitory G-protein (Gi)-mediated inhibition. A similar response was obtained when NT was added with the stimulus or given as a two minute pulse which was removed prior to addition of stimulus. The potentiating activity disappeared with a t1,2 of approximately 15 min. NT transiently elevated cellular [Ca2+]i and its effects on cAMP could be mimicked by [Ca2+]i-elevating agents (uridine triphosphate (UTP), thapsigargin and ionomycin). Buffering cellular [Ca2+]i with 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM) inhibited cAMP responses to ISO and F in presence and absence of NT. These data support the idea that NT potentiated cAMP formation in response to a variety of stimuli by facilitating the activation of Ca2+ -dependent adenylyl cyclases.
Probing the interaction of amorphous solid water on a hydrophobic surface: dewetting and crystallization kinetics of ASW on carbon tetrachloride

Desorption of carbon tetrachloride from beneath an amorphous solid water (ASW) overlayer is explored utilizing a combination of temperature programmed desorption and infrared spectroscopy. Otherwise inaccessible information about the dewetting and crystallization of ASW is revealed by monitoring desorption of the CCl4 underlayer. The desorption maximum of CCl4 on graphene occurs at ∼140 K. When ASW wets the CCl4 no desorption below 140 K is observed. However, the mobility of the water molecules increases with ASW deposition temperature, leading to a thermodynamically driven dewetting of water from the hydrophobic CCl4 surface. This dewetting exposes some CCl4 to the ambient environment, allowing unhindered desorption of CCl4 below 140 K. When ASW completely covers the underlayer, desorption of CCl4 is delayed until crystallization induced cracking of the ASW overlayer opens an escape path to the surface. The subsequent rapid episodic release of CCl4 is termed a “molecular volcano”. Reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) measurements indicate that the onset and duration of the molecular volcano is directly controlled by the ASW crystallization kinetics.
Electron Temperature and Speed Measurements in the Low Solar Corona: Results From the 2001 June Eclipse

We present measurements of electron temperature and bulk flow speed low in the solar corona derived from white-light spectra obtained during the total solar eclipse of 2001 June 21. Observations were obtained at two locations in the solar corona, one within a helmet streamer at the east limb and the second in a streamer cluster in the southwest. Both points were at an altitude of about 1.1 R☉ from the solar center. The east limb and southwest locations yielded electron temperatures of 0.96 ± 0.05 and 1.2 ± 0.2 MK and bulk flow speeds of 72.0 and 257.0 km s-1, respectively. These measurements are unique in that they simultaneously provide both the electron temperature and its bulk flow speed; few previous measurements of electron parameters in the corona are available. The results presented here demonstrate the potential for this technique: if the instrument were used with a coronagraph, it would provide routine synoptic maps of electron temperature and bulk flow speed.
PersonalRAID: mobile storage for distributed and disconnected computers

This paper presents the design and implementation of a mobile storage system called a Personal-RAID. PersonalRAID manages a number of disconnected storage devices. At the heart of a Personal-RAID system is a mobile storage device that transparently propagates data to ensure eventual consistency. Using this mobile device, a PersonalRAID provides the abstraction of a single coherent storage name space that is available everywhere, and it ensures reliability by maintaining data redundancy on a number of storage devices. One central aspect of the PersonalRAID design is that the entire storage system consists solely of a collection of storage logs; the log-structured design not only provides an efficient means for update propagation, but also allows efficient direct I/O accesses to the logs without incurring unnecessary log replay delays. The PersonalRAID prototype demonstrates that the system provides the desired transparency and reliability functionalities without imposing any serious performance penalty on a mobile storage user.
Hyperspectral imaging spectral variability experiment results

Hyperspectral remote sensing needs to address the complex spectral variability factors associated with it, and their effects on the accuracy of information derived. This issue was examined in a preliminary manner by analyzing apparent reflectance spectral signature repeatability of common test target panels in two image data collects of the HYperspectral Digital Imagery Collection Experiment (HYDICE) airborne sensor. The results obtained demonstrate where more spectral variability research is needed to further investigate this issue, and the phenomenology behind it.
Palliative medicine consultation impacts DNR designation and length of stay for terminal medical MICU patients.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a palliative medicine consultation on medical intensive care unit (MICU) and hospital length of stay, Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) designation, and location of death for MICU patients who died during hospitalization. METHOD A comparison of two retrospective cohorts in a 17-bed MICU in a tertiary care university-affiliated hospital was conducted. Patients admitted to the MICU between January 1, 2003 and June 30, 2004 (N = 515) were compared to MICU patients who had had a palliative medicine consultation between January 1, 2005 and June 1, 2009 (N = 693). To control for disease severity, only patients in both cohorts who died during their hospitalization were considered for this study. RESULTS Palliative medicine consultation reduced time until death during the entire hospitalization (log-rank test, p < 0.01). Time from MICU admission until death was also reduced (log-rank test, p < 0.01), further demonstrating the impact of the palliative care consultation on the duration of dying for hospitalized patients. The intervention group contained a significantly higher percentage of patients with a DNR designation at death than did the control group (86% vs. 68%, χ2 test, p < 0.0001). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Palliative medicine consultation is associated with an increased rate of DNR designation and reduced time until death. Patients in the intervention group were also more likely to die outside the MICU as compared to controls in the usual care group.
Foot and ankle fractures in the industrial setting.

Fractures of the foot and ankle are common injuries in the working population. They range from mild with a good prognosis to severe injuries that often cause long-term sequelae and disability. As with other lower-extremity injuries, some fractures with good prognoses may still delay return to unrestricted work activities in the laborer who must spend substantial portions of the workday ambulating or performing repetitive activities involving the lower extremity. The orthopedic literature is surprisingly limited on the topic of clinical outcomes in the workers’ compensation population for these common fractures, with little scientific data on optimal treatment protocols, recovery and rehabilitation schedules, and final workplace limitations. Such injuries demand an individualized approach tailored to the severity of the specific fracture; the patient’s work environment and responsibilities; and the experience of the surgeon, physiatrists, physical therapists, nurses, and case managers involved in the multidisciplinary team. The following information represents an empirical approach to foot and ankle fractures in the industrial population, providing guidelines that are not absolute but which, nonetheless, may assist orthopedic surgeons, rehabilitation nurses, and insurance case managers who care for such patients with the goals of optimizing outcomes and facilitating return to work.
Rubber toughened styrene/methyl methacrylate/butyl methacrylate composites by the concentrated emulsion pathway

Solutions of rubber in mixtures of styrene, methacrylate, and/or butyl methacrylate containing proper amounts of initiator have been polymerized to produce novel polymer composites—MBBS. In these composites, it is expected that tri-component and bi-component copolymers as well as homopolymers coexist. The tensile behavior of composites of various compositions was investigated. At certain weight ratio of monomers, excellent combinations of tensile strength, elongation, and toughness were obtained, which are better than those of most commercial engineering plastics. There is an optimum amount of butyl methacrylate, which is dependent upon the contents of the other monomers, for which the toughness acquires a maximum value. The concentrated emulsion polymerization was employed to prepare the MBBS composite latexes and the products were compared with those prepared via bulk polymerization. While the two polymerization methods provide high, comparable tensile properties and toughness, the concentrated emulsion method generates latexes which can be more easily processed in any desirable shape. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Some preliminary observations on the influence of genetic admixture on cancer incidence in American Negroes.

Estimates of the extent of genetic admixture in biracial hybrid populations may be of potential use in the identification of the genetic component of disease. Quelques Observations Prgliminaires au Sujet de L'influence de L'admixtion Genetique sur L'incidence du Cancer Chez les Noirs Americains Une evaluation de l'importance de l'admixtion genetique dans les populations hybrides biraciales peut avoir une utilite potentielle pour l'identification de la composante genetique de la maladie.
Multidimensional assessment of combat-related PTSD: Phenomenological, psychometric, and psychophysiological considerations.

The literature on assessment of PTSD in combat veterans is discussed as it relates to several major diagnostic issues. Studies bearing on the validity of the PTSD diagnosis are presented. Additionally, a multidimensional assessment of PTSD is described in detail. The major assessment instruments currently used are discussed and the research supporting the selection of each of the assessment tools is presented.
An Empirical Study of System Improvement by Frontline Employees in Hospital Units

This paper investigates the conditions under which frontline employees take initiative to improve their work systems to prevent operational failures. Drawing on the system improvement and team learning literatures, we develop a framework of frontline system improvement and test it using survey data from 37 workgroups. We find that psychological safety---the belief that one can talk about errors without risk of punishment---and problem-solving efficacy---the belief that the organization will support employees' system improvement efforts---were positively correlated with frontline system improvement (FLSI). Surprisingly, felt responsibility was negatively associated with FLSI. These findings suggest that rather than relying on hiring motivated individuals, managers need to support employees' efforts to improve their work systems by creating a work environment where it is safe to talk about operational failures and responding to employee communication about operational failures. Doing this may result in higher levels of FLSI efforts and ultimately improve work processes.
Fabrication of a unilateral oral commissure retractor

The fabrication of a unilateral device to treat microstomia after trauma is presented. Maximum opening was recorded before treatment. A dual arch impression that captured the dentition and commissure on the affected side was made with vinyl polysiloxane (VPS) impression material. A 1 mm vacuum formed template (VFT) was fabricated over the maxillary dentition, and a 2 mm VFT was fabricated around the commissure. A 0.9 mm (0.036") stainless steel wire was attached with acrylic resin to both templates in order to apply a constant force to the commissure. The use of a helix in the wire allowed for flexibility and adjustment of the retractor. The patient was instructed to wear the retractor for 6 hours per day, and, during a 10-week period, the maximum opening increased from 30 mm to 45 mm.
THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF ACRIDINE ON THE SPOROGONY OF A COCCIDIUM (EIMERIA STIEDÆ)

The development or ripening of the oocyst of the coccidium of the rabbit is prevented by acridine hydrochloride provided that the cysts are exposed to the action of the chemical before development has started. After sporoblasts are formed acridine does not prevent further development. Many other substances, some of them known to be active against certain protozoan parasites, have no influence on the ripening of the oocysts of the coccidium.
Bourbon Regalism and the Importation of Gallicanism: The Political Path for a State Religion in Eighteenth-Century Spain

Resumen en: In the 18th century, a major change occurred in the institutional culture of Spanish governance under the Bourbon dynasty. Professionally trained bureauc...
Quantitative Classification of Near-Fault Ground Motions Using Wavelet Analysis

A method is described for quantitatively identifying ground motions containing strong velocity pulses, such as those caused by near-fault directivity. The approach uses wavelet analysis to extract the largest velocity pulse from a given ground motion. The size of the extracted pulse relative to the original ground motion is used to develop a quantitative criterion for classifying a ground motion as “pulselike.” The criterion is calibrated by using a training data set of manually classified ground motions. To identify the subset of these pulselike records of greatest engineering interest, two additional criteria are applied: the pulse arrives early in the ground motion and the absolute amplitude of the velocity pulse is large. The period of the velocity pulse (a quantity of interest to engineers) is easily determined as part of the procedure, using the pseudoperiods of the basis wavelets. This classification approach is useful for a variety of seismology and engineering topics where pulselike ground motions are of interest, such as probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, ground- motion prediction (“attenuation”) models, and nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures. The Next Generation Attenuation (nga) project ground motion library was processed using this approach, and 91 large-velocity pulses were found in the fault- normal components of the approximately 3500 strong ground motion recordings considered. It is believed that many of the identified pulses are caused by near-fault directivity effects. The procedure can be used as a stand-alone classification criterion or as a filter to identify ground motions deserving more careful study.
A review of fire blocking technologies for soft furnishings

Fire barrier fabrics are expected to play an increasingly important role in complying with existing and proposed soft furnishing flammability regulations in the US. The number of commercial fire blocking technologies is large in order to accommodate the vast requirements of the consumers, manufacturers, and regulatory agencies. Generally, highloft, nonwoven fiber battings are used in residential mattress applications, whereas coated or laminated textiles are more common in institutional and upholstered furnishing applications. Successfully achieving the desired level of fire protection requires appropriate matching of the barrier fabric to the desired characteristics of the soft furnishing. Barrier material selection for soft furnishings is generally a process of trial and error due to significant measurement science gaps. In 2009, the National Institute of Science and Technology and American Fiber Manufacturers Association held a workshop on fire blocking barrier fabrics for soft furnishings to discuss the past, present, and future state of the barrier materials in the US. This manuscript is based on knowledge obtained from the workshop and the subsequent knowledge gathered from literature and stakeholders. Several fire blocking technologies have been explored to reduce the flammability of soft furnishings by preventing or delaying direct flame impingement and heat transfer from the flames or molten polymer to the core components. While previous studies reported on use of fire barriers to comply with full-scale testing of soft furnishing items, they failed to report on assessment of barrier materials as isolated components. In addition to a few examples that demonstrate the complexity that makes a priori selection of fire barrier materials difficult, various fire blocking technologies are discussed in this report with respect to material type, fiber content, and fire blocking mechanisms. Potential test methods for characterizing barrier performance are reviewed. Future trends in fire blocking materials are also briefly described.
A simple assembly for anaerobic spectrophotometric reaction kinetics studies

Abstract Details are given for the construction and use of a simple spectrophotometer cuvetteclosure that makes possible the study of reaction rates and enzyme assays under anaerobic conditions. The preparation of solutions and assembly of the cuvette unit is carried out in a N2 atmosphere in a glove box, but the spectrophotometric studies are conducted in a spectrophotometer with no modification except for the cell compartment cover.
Cover Picture: Self‐Assembly of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes into a Sheet by Drop Drying (Adv. Mater. 1/2006)

Drops of a suspension of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes in F68 Pluronic surfactant dry on glass substrates to form a “crust” at the free surface. The crust is extremely thin (∼ 100 nm) and consists of an entangled mesh of nanotubes and Pluronic. Pasquali and co-workers report on p. 29 that the convective flow associated with the drying preferentially assembles the micelles into a hexagonal arrangement, as revealed by the birefringent pattern shown on the cover. This technique is promising for developing thin, optically transparent, and electrically conductive coatings and films consisting of nanotubes.
FRUCTOSE VARIATION IN THE DENGUE VECTOR, AEDES AEGYPTI, DURING HIGH AND LOW TRANSMISSION SEASONS IN THE MAE SOT REGION OF THAILAND

To understand the potential for facultative sugar feeding by Aedes aegypti, an important vector of dengue viruses, we evaluated seasonal and villagewide variation in sugar feeding during high- and low-dengue transmission seasons (rainy and dry seasons, respectively) in the Mae Sot region of Thailand. These seasons in Thailand are represented by different periods of flowering plant phenology. Although overall sugar feeding among female and male mosquitoes was low (ranging from 0.60 to 7.53 microg fructose per mosquito), sugar feeding among females was significantly greater during the dry, low-dengue transmission season. This variation could reflect specific preferences for flowering plants that were abundant in and around village homes during the dry season, such as Bougainvillea, Hibiscus, and Euphorbia.
Sublethal and lethal injuries of Pennsylvanian conulariids from Oklahoma

Many specimens of the conulariid Paraconularia magna (Ries) from the Tackett Formation (Upper Pennsylvanian, Missourian) of Oklahoma exhibit repaired or unrepaired injured exoskeletons. Scalloped, cleft, and embayed patterns are interpreted to be repaired sublethal damages produced by unknown events or organisms. Punctures, which are the first reported in conulariids, were not followed by exoskeletal repair and were probably lethal. Cladodont sharks are implicated as possible predators of P. magna because of a close correspondence in size and pattern between the dentition of some sharks and the punctures preserved in conulariid exoskeletons.
Soy Isoflavones Promote Radioprotection of Normal Lung Tissue by Inhibition of Radiation-Induced Activation of Macrophages and Neutrophils

Introduction Radiation therapy for lung cancer is limited by toxicity to normal lung tissue that results from an inflammatory process, leading to pneumonitis and fibrosis. Soy isoflavones mitigate inflammatory infiltrates and radiation-induced lung injury, but the cellular immune mediators involved in the radioprotective effect are unknown. Methods Mice received a single dose of 10 Gy radiation delivered to the lungs and daily oral treatment of soy isoflavones. At different time points, mice were either processed to harvest bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for differential cell counting and lungs for flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry studies. Results Combined soy and radiation led to a reduction in infiltration and activation of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in both the bronchoalveolar and lung parenchyma compartments. Soy treatment protected F4/80 + CD11c– interstitial macrophages, which are known to play an immunoregulatory role and are decreased by radiation. Furthermore, soy isoflavones reduced the levels of nitric oxide synthase 2 expression while increasing arginase-1 expression after radiation, suggesting a switch from proinflammatory M1 macrophage to an anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotype. Soy also prevented the influx of activated neutrophils in lung caused by radiation. Conclusions Soy isoflavones inhibit the infiltration and activation of macrophages and neutrophils induced by radiation in lungs. Soy isoflavones-mediated modulation of macrophage and neutrophil responses to radiation may contribute to a mechanism of resolution of radiation-induced chronic inflammation leading to radioprotection of lung tissue.
From scraps to reams to mobile screens? An update on printing services in academic libraries

ABSTRACTAs a follow-up to their 2001/2002 study on printing services in academic libraries, the authors explore how the provision of printing services has changed over the last twelve years. This article explores how libraries are choosing to fund printing services as well as how technology, such as scanning and mobile devices, has changed the way printing services are provided. The results of the 2013 survey find a greater percentage of libraries are using a fee-based system for printing, and, while some technology is providing greater data and control for printing services, other technological advances are having unintended consequences for libraries’ printing infrastructure.
In Vivo Imaging of Cell Dynamics in Animal Models of Neurological Disease using Nonlinear Microscopy

We use nonlinear microscopy to observe and manipulate cell behavior in the central nervous system, focusing on studies of how microvascular hemorrhages impact brain cell function and why brain blood flow is reduced in Alzheimer's disease.
A short defence of transience

Commentaire de l'article de Buller et Foster portant sur le paradoxe de l'ephemere temporel.
Tunable thermal conductivity via domain structure engineering in ferroelectric thin films: A phase-field simulation

Abstract Effective thermal conductivity as a function of domain structure is studied by solving the heat conduction equation using a spectral iterative perturbation algorithm in materials with inhomogeneous thermal conductivity distribution. Using this proposed algorithm, the experimentally measured effective thermal conductivities of domain-engineered {001}p-BiFeO3 thin films are quantitatively reproduced. In conjunction with two other testing examples, this proposed algorithm is proven to be an efficient tool for interpreting the relationship between the effective thermal conductivity and micro-/domain-structures. By combining this algorithm with the phase-field model of ferroelectric thin films, the effective thermal conductivity for PbZr1-xTixO3 films under different composition, thickness, strain, and working conditions is predicted. It is shown that the chemical composition, misfit strain, film thickness, film orientation, and a Piezoresponse Force Microscopy tip can be used to engineer the domain structures and tune the effective thermal conductivity. Therefore, we expect our findings will stimulate future theoretical, experimental and engineering efforts on developing devices based on the tunable effective thermal conductivity in ferroelectric nanostructures.
AReliable Identification Probability of Steel Walkway

In this paper,the use of the structural reliability of knowledge through projects ANSYS structural reliability analysissoftware modules to the steel box beam walkway across the main span of the site under the influence of residual stress load carriedout under the conditions of reliability of identification.Identification results show that the walkway,the Monte Carlo SimulationANSYS all probability algorithm can be very good reliability checking the reliability of the assessment of the structure.
Clopidogrel-Proton Pump Inhibitor Drug-Drug Interaction and Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes Among PCI-Treated ACS Patients: A Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Uncertainty regarding clopidogrel effectiveness attenuation because of a drug-drug interaction with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) has led to conflicting guidelines on concomitant therapy. In particular, the effect of this interaction in patients who undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a population known to have increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events, has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the evidence of the effect of clopidogrel-PPI drug interaction on adverse cardiovascular outcomes in a PCI patient population. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review for studies reporting clinical outcomes in patients who underwent a PCI and were initiated on clopidogrel with or without a PPI. Studies were included in the analysis if they reported at least 1 of the clinical outcomes of interest (major adverse cardiovascular event [MACE], cardiovascular death, all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, and bleed events). We e...
Neoclassical Free Charge with Spin

A localized solution to the free charge spinor equation is found and its basic properties are investigated in this chapter.
Malignant conditions including squamous cell carcinoma and rare cancers

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anus, an increasingly prevalent malignancy, can be cured with chemotherapy and radiation alone in 50–70 % of cases. Nonoperative therapy avoids a permanent colostomy, but up to 20 % of all patients with SCC of the anus require abdominoperineal resection (APR) and a stoma. The likelihood of cure is higher for smaller tumours (<5 cm) compared to larger and deeply invasive tumours. Anal cancer recurrence is most commonly local; distant metastases affect only 10–15 % of patients. Recent innovations have included improved imaging techniques such as endoanal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for pretreatment clinical staging as well as posttreatment follow-up. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is also emerging as a more precise modality for targeting radiation therapy, with reported decreased rates of toxicity. Prospective data on this technique is still pending. Patients with persistent or recurrent SCC of the anus after chemoradiation are candidates for salvage APR, a major resection that may involve en bloc resection of contiguous organs (vagina, bladder, prostate).
Divergent Interpersonal Paths to Well‐Being for Insecurely Attached Emerging Adults

This study explored attachment, social support, and well-being among 237 emerging adults. The model predicted that social support would (a) mediate the relationship between attachment anxiety and well-being and (b) moderate the relationship between attachment avoidance and well-being. All hypotheses were supported. Implications for counselors are discussed.
Writing from the Mouth of Shadows: Creativity as Ethics in the Screenwriting of Jean-Claude Carrière

Pruneda Senties examines screenwriter Jean-Claude Carriere’s essays on his craft and his work on the film That Obscure Object of Desire (1977) to define the ethical implications of his creative process. The chapter grapples with Carriere’s emphasis on the mysterious aspects of writing and his advice to hone the skill of improvisation, a process Carriere likens to groping in the dark. Pruneda Senties argues that Carriere’s embrace of the mystery of creativity holds lessons for ethical behaviour that does not rely on appearances and preconceptions, and instead respects and protects the differences of others. This philosophy informs central solutions in the Obscure Object script, a case study that dramatizes this creative ethics.
Great Britain’s departure from the EU and the implications for British security and defense

This article examines certain deficiencies in UK defense capabilities and offers specific suggestions as to how London may want to address those weaknesses and retain its global influence post-Brexit. Of singular importance for the UK is its ‘special relationship’ with the United States. It has used that relationship for decades to increase British global influence even as its military and economic power declined relative to other global powers. This article argues it will be that relationship which will continue to provide London global influence beyond what it could achieve in its absence especially after its withdrawal from the European Union, and offers concrete steps that London could take to maintain its relevance to Washington moving into the coming decades, even as emerging power centers in Europe and Asia vie for American attention. Chief among the suggestions is a UK ‘pivot’ to Asia similar to that being conducted by Washington. Although London has taken tentative steps in that direction this article argues the UK should commit to a permanent military presence ‘east of Suez’ going beyond current plans for basing in the Middle East to reestablishing a permanent presence in South East Asia as well.
Sistema de reparto de cargas del arco longitudinal del pie

Resumen El arco longitudinal del pie humano es una estructura mecanica compleja que debe ser flexible en superficies irregulares, y tambien tener suficiente rigidez para permitir al pie comportarse como un organo propulsivo eficaz durante la marcha y la carrera. Para realizar esas funciones el arco longitudinal tiene un sistema unico de 4 capas de reparto de cargas formado por la fascia plantar, los musculos plantares intrinsecos, los musculos plantares extrinsecos y los ligamentos plantares. Estas 4 capas de elementos de soporte de carga tensional, trabajando conjuntamente con los elementos oseos que componen el arco longitudinal, trabajan sinergicamente para aumentar la rigidez del arco longitudinal en situaciones de carga. Los elementos pasivos de soporte de carga tensional de este sistema son la fascia plantar y los ligamentos plantares que no estan bajo el control directo del sistema nervioso central, y sirven para aumentar la rigidez del arco longitudinal con un mecanismo de rigidez automatico que se basa en la tension del tendon de Aquiles y en la carga plantar del antepie. Los elementos activos de soporte de carga tensional son los musculos plantares intrinsecos y extrinsecos que estan bajo control directo del sistema nervioso central y sirven para aumentar o disminuir la rigidez de los arcos longitudinales medial y lateral, dependiendo del tipo e intensidad de la actividad predominante de carga del individuo. Juntos, los elementos del sistema de reparto de cargas del arco longitudinal aseguran una funcion correcta del arco longitudinal en carga, incluso cuando uno de estos elementos falla por lesion.
The Man Who Got an Unwanted Taste of the Rocky Mountains

Mr. Balboa is a crossing guard in Suffolk County, Long Island. He spends the majority of his workday outside with all of the nature Long Island can provide him. It is not uncommon for him to be bothered by sundry insects from the nearby foliage. One hot summer day, he noticed that a tick had latched onto him, and, as Mr. Balboa removed it, he thought that he had put an end to this trouble. Soon after, a fever erupted. A few days later, a rash appeared, and his toes began to turn purple. Mr. Balboa had not yet realized that the fever seemed to be linked to something more serious, so taking into account his rashes and pigmentation of his toes, he rushed to see his local dermatologist. Upon examination, his dermatologist realized that this could have been an allergic reaction, so he was referred to Dr. Szema (Fig. 12.1).
Le délire en unité de soins intensifs

En 2015, le delire en unite de soins intensifs reste un probleme non resolu. Il survient encore trop souvent, a un impact negatif sur le sejour dans l’unite et peut etre lourd de consequences, meme apres la sortie de l’hopital.
DSC Study of the Conformational Transition of Poly-γ-Benzyl-L-Glutamate in the System: 1,3-Dichlorotetrafluoroacetone-Water

The helix-coil transition in homopolypeptides is of interest not only because of its obvious relevance to in vivo processes in biological systems but also because it serves as a useful model for co-operative transitions in general, with the attractive simplification of a quasi-one dimensionality, and because of the opportunities it affords for the study of hydrogen bonding and other non-covalent interactions in polymers under reasonably well-defined conditions. For these, and other reasons, a substantial body of experimental and theoretical observations in this area has been accumulated in the past decade and a half, (1,2): A large fraction of the experimental research in model homopoly-α-amino acids has concentrated on non-ionizable polymers soluble in organic solvent systems. These offer a simplicity in the presumed molecular mechanism of transition, which may be conceived simply in terms of competitive intra-molecular (peptide-peptide) and inter-molecular (peptide-solvent) interactions. In the absence of the latter, the order-disorder transition would still occur because of the gain in entropy afforded by conversion to the latter phase, but for most known polypeptides the transition would take place at an inconveniently high temperature.
Improving Your Patient Counseling Skills

This article has offered several suggestions to help begin the process of improving patient counseling skills. Recommendations for changing how to think about patient communication and for developing new communication skills were discussed. It would be comforting if the idea of improved patient counseling could be packaged in an easy-to-learn, three-step program. It would be convenient if learning patient counseling skills could be achieved by simply attending a lecture or reading an article. Programs and articles are good starting points, but improving patient counseling skills requires a good deal of motivation, knowledge, and practice. My sense from the feedback I have received, after working with pharmacy students and practitioners for almost 15 years, is that those prepared to commit themselves to a program of improvement have benefited personally and professionally. How quickly they developed their skills has varied, and the degree of effectiveness among them may be somewhat different; however, the ultimate issue is that they all were able to improve.
The Early Days of Radiation: Homeopathic Shadows

The discovery of x-rays and radium quickly led to their widespread use in medicine. X-rays were used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes and radium was applied to certain diseases like cancer. Homeopaths were in the forefront of using these new techniques. The Chicago physician, Emil Grubbe, is generally acknowledged as the first American doctor to use x-rays therapeutically and with establishing the first teaching department of radiation at a US medical school; he also pioneered continuing medical education on radiation physics and therapy. Grubbe was an early casualty of radiation-induced cancer, from which he eventually died. Frank Benson, a doctor from Philadelphia, is believed to have been the first to establish a general hospital radiation department and to have delivered a complete course for medical students in using radiation. William Dieffenbach of New York Homeopathic College created New York’s first public x-ray clinic and pioneered the use of radium, ultraviolet light, and hydrotherapy. He was chosen as one of the two official US representatives to attend the 1st International Congress in Radiology and Ionization in Belgium in 1905. John Mallory Lee earned fame as a radiologist and for his collaboration with the world-famous physicist, Dr. Gioacchino Failla.
A Three-Stage Colonel Blotto Game: When to Provide More Information to an Adversary

In this paper, we formulate a three-player three-stage Colonel Blotto game, in which two players fight against a common adversary. We assume that the game is one of complete information, that is, the players have complete and consistent information on the underlying model of the game; further, each player observes the actions taken by all players up to the previous stage. The setting under consideration is similar to the one considered in our recent work [1], but with a different information structure during the second stage of the game; this leads to a significantly different solution.