cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
THE GENUS PTILANTHURA IN THE WESTERN ATLANTIC: EVIDENCE FOR PRIMARY MALES AND DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (ISOPODA: ANTHURIDAE)

The genus Ptilanthura is redefined. The type species, P. tenuis is redescribed, with the aid of more than 500 specimens. Ptilanthura tricarina Menzies and Frankenburg, 1966, is synonymized with the earlier P. tenuis Harger, 1878. Size-frequency distributions indicate the presence of primary and secondary males in this species. A second species of the genus, P. colpos, described from the eastern Gulf of Mexico, differs from P. tenuis in body proportions, shape of the pleotelson, and in several features of the appendages. Harger (1878) designated the anthurid genus Ptilanthura, based on material from shallow water (intertidal to 36 m) off New England. Although Harger mentioned six separate localities for his material, syntypes from only three of these localities were located in the collections of the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in the
Mobbing of eastern screech-owls: predatory cues, risk to mobbers and degree of threat

Avian mobbing of raptorial birds is a common response to potential threat and may warn prey and teach naive individuals about the danger or deter predation (Altmann 1956; Vieth et al. 1980; Frankenberg 1981; Curio et al. 1978, 1983). Birds are important prey of Eastern Screech-Owls (Otus asio) in the spring nesting season (Van Camp and Henny 1975, Turner and Dimmick 1981, Gehlbach 1994); and frequent mobbers of the owls are those songbirds most often eaten, including permanent residents and males (Gehlbach 1994). Studies of screech-owls suggest that mobbing is most intense in the spring-early summer nesting period (Altmann 1956; McPherson and Brown 1981; Shedd 1982, 1983; Chandler and Rose 1988; Gehlbach 1994). Eastern Screech-Owls sing two seasonally distinct songs (Hough 1960, Ritchison et al. 1988). Their monotonic trill is a nest-site advertisement and familycontact song, primarily while nesting in spring-early summer, whereas the descending trill is a territorial defense signal largely in late summer-fall (Gehlbach 1994). Mobbing songbirds orient to these songs and owl nest and roost sites (McPherson and Brown 198 1, Chandler and Rose 1988, Gehlbach 1994). Mobbing is often seen near active nests, where the owls do most monotonic singing and hunting, so it may be keyed to site or song. Despite such focus, fledgling screech-owls in the nest area are seldom mobbed and then only mildly, presumably because they do not kill birds (Gehlbach 1994). If the mobbers of Eastern Screech-Owls correctly assess risk as some European birds do (Curio et al. 1983), males and permanent residents should respond to the owls' monotonic trills more often, longer, or more intensely than its descending trills, especially in the spring near nests. Also, they should mob adult owls more than fledglings. These postulates have not been tested, and some experimental variables have been confounded in the past. Earlier investigators, for example, induced mobbing with tapes of combined songs (McPherson and Brown 1981) or did not mention the song(s) they used (Shedd 1982, 1983; Chandler and Rose 1988). Because we conducted mobbing experiments in an area where Eastern Screech-Owls and their avian prey had been studied (Gehlbach 1994), we devised very specific tests. We wanted to know if mobbers correctly assess risks of predation by recognizing certain visual (plumage, nest-site area) and auditory (song) cues with respect to the seasonal variation in these cues. Previously, this has not been possible with any raptor, nor has mobbing been tested as regards the relative jeopardy or reproductive investment of specific mobbers ' Received 9 January 1995. Accepted 21 March 1995. 2 Present address: 742 NE 15th St., Okla oma City, OK 73104. SHORT COMMUNICATIONS 831
Model Reduction for Nonlinear Elastic Structures With Inertial Quadratic Nonlinearities

In order to achieve accurate and high fidelity nonlinear response predictions, discrete models usually obtained through Galerkin approximation utilizing linear normal modes of the structure, need to retain a large number of degrees of freedom. This is specially the case if the structural response has the possibility of modal interactions. Then, a possible approach suggested in the literature to decrease the required degrees of freedom while retaining same accuracy is to use nonlinear normal modes of the structure to perform further model reduction. In this work, we discuss model reduction for nonlinear structural systems under harmonic excitations. The analysis needs to carefully consider the possibility of external resonances, parametric resonances, combination parametric resonances (the parametric excitation frequency being near the sum or difference of frequencies of two modes), and internal resonances. A master-slave separation of degrees of freedom is used, and a nonlinear relation between the slave coordinates and the master coordinates is constructed based on the multiple time scales approximation. More specifically, three cases are considered: external resonance of a mode without any internal resonance, and subharmonic as well as superharmonic excitation for systems with 1:2 internal resonance. The steady state periodic responses determined by the method of multiple time scales are compared to exact solutions of the discrete model computed by the bifurcation analysis and parameter continuation software AUTO. It is seen that for systems with essential inertial quadratic nonlinearities, the technique based on nonlinear model reduction through multiple time scales approximation over-predict the softening nonlinear response.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Emigration Rate and Age Structure Dynamics of Tribolium castaneum Populations During Growth Phase of a Colonizing Episode

In bags of flour, the founder ♀ Tribolium castaneum Herbst oviposited at a similar rate for most of the 1st generation. This pattern of oviposition was primarily responsible for the consistent oviposition, egg cannibalism, adult eclosion, and adult emigration rates observed throughout each future generation. In the F1 and F2 generations, females emigrated much earlier than founder females severely reducing the number of eggs laid per female.
Symposium: Predators, Porn & the Law: The Disappearing Ex Post Facto Clause: From Substantive Bulwark to Procedural Nuisance

The growing enactment of sex offender restrictions has been one of the most notable developments in criminal law in recent decades. Thus far, courts across the country have been relatively complacent in allowing legislatures to test the limits of various civil liberties. The Ex Post Facto Clause has been among the first constitutional victims of these new laws. Whereas the Clause was once construed as a substantive right protecting citizens against vindictive or arbitrary legislative actions often based upon the hysteria of the moment, it has become a hollow shell of its original form. Because courts have narrowly construed the purpose of the Clause to fair notice, the right underlying the Clause has ceased being substantive and become entirely process based. The result of this transformation is that the courts have provided a set of sure-fire legislative recipes for extremely punitive criminal statutes to survive challenges based upon the Ex Post Facto Clause.
Mathematical Modeling of the Effects of Speech Warning Characteristics on Human Performance and Its Application in Transportation Cyberphysical Systems

Transportation cyberphysical systems (CPS) aim to improve driving safety by informing drivers of hazards with warnings in advance. The understanding of human responses to speech warnings is essential in the design of transportation CPS to eliminate hazards and accidents. To date, many works have addressed diverse warning characteristics with experimental approaches. However, the computational model to quantify the effects of warning characteristics on human performance in responses to speech warnings is still missing. Mathematical equations were built to model the effects of lead time, loudness, and signal word choices on human perceptual, cognitive, and motor activities involved in speech warning responses. Different levels of lead time, levels of loudness, and signal word choices served as inputs in the model to predict human error rate and reaction time of speech warning responses. The model was validated with drivers' crash rates and reaction times to speech warnings of upcoming hazards in driving assistant systems in two empirical studies. Results showed a good prediction of human performance in responding to the speech warnings compared with the empirical data. The application of the model to identify optimal parameter settings in the design of speech warnings in order to achieve greater safety benefits is later discussed.
Optical parametric generators from the nanosecond to the femtosecond time domain

Optical parametric generators are highly efficient nonlinear optical sources of powerful coherent radiation with very large truly continuous tuning ranges that can operate down to the femtosecond time domain. The principles of the basic three-photon spontaneous and stimulated parametric processes and the current status of the rapidly developing optical parametric device technology will be reviewed in this tutorial.
Innate Religious Identity

This volume is devoted to predicting the direction sexuality law will take after the Obergefell ruling. My essay continues my interrogation of legal attentiveness to children’s identity development in custody disputes. LGBT advocates and parents benefited from science that promoted understanding of sexual orientation and gender identity as innate traits. Emerging neuroscience suggests that religiosity may be an innate characteristic. My essay considers whether the science is sufficiently developed to support re-framing of religious identity and there is a failure to offer legal protections to religious parents.
Applications of Spread Spectrum Radio to Indoor Data Communications

This paper describes an operating, radio communication system intended for indoor use. The problems of multipath are discussed and the use of spread spectrum to overcome these problems is described. Two receiver implementations were constructed and a surface acoustic wave correlator version is described in detail. The system operates at a data rate of 100 Kbps over a range of 1000 meters with a power of 50 milliwatts.
Using terahertz pulses to shed new light on quantum materials

We have used ultrafast THz spectroscopy to both excite and probe low energy excitations in two-dimensional electron gases, topological insulators, and multiferroics.
Positive Behavioral Supports: Empirically Supported Use of Behavioral Logs:

Teachers commonly use behavioral logs as a primary method for controlling classroom behavior, but frequently they are using these logs incorrectly. For this reason, this article provides specific i...
Racial Authenticity and Familial Acceptance Among Transracial Adoptees: A Bothersome Bargain of Belonging

Transracial adoption in the United States has increased significantly in recent years. Crossing the color line within the intimate familial sphere has important implications for how institutions such as the family enable and constrain individuals' identity work. We explore how transracial family members utilize racial stereotypes and racialist understandings in everyday life, employing 30 in-depth, life-story interviews with both transracial adoptees and their white siblings. In attempts to accomplish a sense of belonging and authenticity, we argue that both transracial adoptees of color and their white siblings experience divergent and paradoxical expectations of familial and racial authenticity. We find that although they often utilized “color capital” in a quest for racial authenticity, in certain spaces and environments, they were expected to eschew their nonwhite identity and embrace “acting white” as purported by white family members and their “white debt” approach to racial socialization. This study adds nuance to the question of how families navigate the enduring power of the color line in relation to the reproduction of both material inequalities and racial discrimination.
Hospital Compare and Hospital Choice: Public Reporting and Hospital Choice by Hip Replacement Patients in Texas.

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services publicizes comparative performance data on Hospital Compare, a website maintained to support consumer decision making. Given the agency’s goal, this study investigates the relationship between public reporting and hospital choices of hip replacement patients in Texas. Estimating individual-level valuations of provider characteristics allowing for heterogeneity across patients, we find consumer selections and hospitals’ displayed performance vary together in time. Comparing associations involving public reporting with those associated with more readily observable hospital attributes, we conclude relationships coinciding with release of comparative performance data are modest, but not inconsequential. Our use of an empirical strategy novel for evaluation of public reporting has methodological implications, while the study’s affirmative result is of potential interest to policy makers and administrators.
REPORTING TREASURY STOCK AS AN ASSET: LAW, LOGIC, AND ECONOMIC SUBSTANCE

This paper traces development in the accounting literature, circa 1909–1933, of, dominant support for contra-equity presentation of treasury stock, and relates this overview to prominent current arguments for selective asset treatment. Classic “logical” objection to asset analysis is found to be compelling. Contemporary challenges to prevailing doctrine in terms of “economic substance,” enjoying distinguished lineage from the earlier era, are recast as attractive recording and disclosure proposals. An auxiliary theme is the changing nature of relevant objection of “legalism.” Sources include Hatfield, Esquerre, Montgomery, Paton, Kohler, and (of particular note) Sunley, and current analysts Allan Young and Beatrice Melcher.
Linking Quality and Spending to Measure Value for People with Serious Illness.

Abstract Background: Healthcare payment is rapidly evolving to reward value by measuring and paying for quality and spending performance. Rewarding value for the care of seriously ill patients presents unique challenges. Objective: To evaluate the state of current efforts to measure and reward value for the care of seriously ill patients. Design: We performed a PubMed search of articles related to (1) measures of spending for people with serious illness and (2) linking spending and quality measures and rewarding performance for the care of people with serious illness. We limited our search to U.S.-based studies published in English between January 1, 1960, and March 31, 2017. We supplemented this search by identifying public programs and other known initiatives that linked quality and spending for the seriously ill and extracted key program elements. Results: Our search related to linking spending and quality measures and rewarding performance for the care of people with serious illness yielded 277 articl...
CHAPTER 2 – Transcription and the Organization of Eukaryotic Genes

Transcription is a process by which a single-stranded RNA molecule is synthesized from a defined sequence of double-stranded DNA; this is the first of several steps, which is commonly referred to as RNA biogenesis. Transcription occurs in the nucleus (mitochondria and chloroplasts) of eukaryotic cells and in the common cellular compartment in prokaryotic cells. All phases of transcription are subject to variation and are potential control points in the regulation of gene expression. The eukaryotic promoter counterparts are known as the TATA box At one time, it was thought that all eukaryotic promoters manifest a TATA box, but this has since been shown to be untrue. In addition to the TATA or downstream promoter element (DPE) structures, another promoter motif is the CAAT box, which is found in several, but not all, promoters. When present in eukaryotic sequences, the TATA box is centered at -30 and the CAAT box appears around -75, although the CAAT box has been shown to function quite effectively much further upstream. These elements control the initial binding of the RNA polymerase and the choice of transcription start site (TSS). A third frequently observed promoter element is the sequence (GGGCGG) n , known as the G-box element or simply as the GC box. This GC-rich region is generally observed between -90 and -120 within the promoter region present in one or more copies.
Prediabetes Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices at an Academic Family Medicine Practice.

Purpose: Lifestyle change programs are an effective but underutilized approach to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in people with prediabetes. Understanding clinician prediabetes knowledge, attitudes, and practices can inform implementation efforts to increase lifestyle change program referrals. Methods: We surveyed clinicians at an academic family medicine clinic about their prediabetes knowledge, attitudes, and practices. From the same clinic, we reviewed electronic health records to assess prediabetes screening, diagnosis, and treatment coverage in the cohort of adults seen from 2015 to 2017. Results: Thirty-one clinicians (69.6%) completed the survey. Clinicians believed prediabetes was an important health issue (n = 29; 93.7%) and that prediabetes screening (n = 20, 64.5%) and diagnosis (n = 31, 100%) were important for prediabetes management. About half of the respondents (n = 14; 45.2%) reported familiarity with the National Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). Electronic chart review included 15,520 adult patients. Most of the 5360 nondiabetic patients meeting US Preventive Services Task Force diabetes screening guidelines (n = 4068; 75.9%) received a hemoglobin A1c test. Of the 1437 patients with an A1c result diagnostic of prediabetes, 729 (50.7%) had the diagnosis in their chart. Prediabetes patients receiving point-of-care A1c testing instead of laboratory testing had 4.7 increased odds (95% CI, 3.5 to 6.4) of metformin prescription. No patients were referred to a DPP. Conclusions: Clinicians9 positive attitudes toward prediabetes screening, moderate knowledge of prediabetes management, and low awareness of DPPs were reflected by high diabetes screening coverage, limited prediabetes diagnosis, and no DPP referrals. We will tailor our implementation strategy to overcome these prediabetes care barriers.
Horizontal Gene Transfer and Genome Evolution in the Phylum Actinobacteria

Actinobacteria constitute one of the largest phyla in the bacterial domain, with many species known for their large genome sizes and high G + C content. Members of this phylum exhibit a wide range of morphological, physiological, and metabolic properties and are ubiquitously distributed in diverse ecological niches. The phylum includes pathogens, symbionts of plants and invertebrates, gastrointestinal commensals, and free-living bacteria. Many species are well known for their ability to produce a plethora of natural products relevant to agriculture, biotechnology, and medicine, including majority of naturally derived antibiotics widely used in clinics. In this chapter, we discuss recent advances that highlight the role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the evolutionary history, genomic structure, and ecological diversity of Actinobacteria, with emphasis on HGT between species and between phyla. We highlight genome studies that describe how HGT has contributed to the success of promiscuous antibiotic producers as well as the pathogens that they target. We conclude with how methods in population genomics can be used to elucidate the impacts of selective pressures and environmental changes on rates and patterns of HGT in various Actinobacteria species and populations.
Improving biobehavioral outcomes with progressive muscle relaxation in patients with advanced lung cancer.

292Background: Advanced lung cancer involves severe and distressing symptoms, especially anxiety, breathlessness, insomnia, and pain. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is an empirically supported...
What Does It Mean to “Believe in Him”?

The Johannine phrase “to believe in him (Jesus)” (πιστeύω eἰς αὐτὸν) is often taken today as denoting assent to various propositions about Jesus. However, I argue that John crafts this phrase to mean something far more profound. Using the wedding at Cana as a foil, John takes πιστeύω eἰς αὐτὸν as synonymous with pledging one’s allegiance to Jesus by making a personal commitment that amounts to spiritual marriage. The theses in this chapter have the potential to spark future research on the relationship between the Fourth Gospel and its possible reception through the theme of spiritual marriage in the history of Christian mysticism and of the sixteenth-century Reformations.
Power to the People: The Impact of Student Personal Power on Performance in Teams:

This article examines teammates’ perceptions of individual expert and referent power (personal power) in student teams working on a semester-long project. In our study, we found a positive relation...
The value of telemedicine for the pediatric surgery patient in the time of COVID-19 and beyond.

Abstract Background Prior to COVID-19, the use of telemedicine within pediatric surgery was uncommon. To curb the spread of the virus many institutions restricted non-emergent clinic appointments, resulting in an increase in telemedicine use. We examined the value of telemedicine for patients presenting to a pediatric surgery clinic before and after COVID-19 Methods Perspectives and the potential value of telemedicine were assessed by surveying patients or caregivers of patients being evaluated by a general pediatric surgeon in-person prior to COVID-19 and by patients or caregivers of patients who completed a telemedicine appointment with a pediatric surgical provider during the COVID-19 period. Results The pre-COVID survey was completed by 57 respondents and the post-COVID survey by 123. Most respondents were white and were caregivers 31–40 years of age. Prior to COVID-19, only 26% were familiar with telemedicine, 25% reported traveling more than 100 miles and >50% traveled more than 40 miles for their appointment. More than 25% estimated additional travel costs of at least $30 and in 43% of households, at least one adult had to miss time from work. Following a telemedicine appointment during the COVID-19 period, 76% reported the care received as excellent, 86% were very satisfied with their care, 87% reported the appointment was less stressful for their child than an in-person appointment, and 57% would choose a telemedicine appointment in the future. Conclusion For families seeking an alternative to the in-person encounter, telemedicine can provide added value over the traditional in-person encounter by reducing the burden of travel without compromising the quality of care. Telemedicine should be viewed as a viable option for pediatric surgery patients and future research directed toward optimizing the experience for patients and providers. Level of Evidence III.
Presence of “One Pill Can Kill” Medications in Medication Organizers: Implications for Child Safety:

Background:Medication organizers increased compliance, but they do not contain child protective packaging. Medications organizers have been involved in some pediatric exposures; however, previous r...
Interpretation of optical absorption loss measurements in synthetic sapphire using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

Sapphire should be highly transparent for photon energies less than the band gap, but residual, weak absorption and scattering losses in the near infrared occur as a result of extrinsic and intrinsic defects. Lattice disorder, impurities, and point defects have all been implicated as being the origin of loss phenomena but very little experimental evidence exists to quantitatively establish the relationships that might exist between these defects and optical loss. In this study, three synthetic, c-axis sapphire samples manufactured under similar conditions were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, photothermal common-path interferometry, and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. Model-based interpretation of optical measurements indicated that vacancy-type defects were partially responsible for absorption loss from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared and that the population densities differed among the samples. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy measurements also indicated a higher concentration of cationic vacancy defects near the sample surface which correlates with a higher surface optical loss. This work establishes the use of positron annihilation techniques as a characterization tool for optical materials that could be useful for investigating the origin of weak surface absorption in the transparent region of sapphire.
Effects of Oxygen via High-Flow Nasal Cannula on Adult Oropharyngeal Swallowing: A Literature Review

Purpose The use of high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula has become increasingly more common in various patient populations given the multiple benefits for treating respiratory distress and failure. T...
Effective Time Management as a Tool for Individual and Organizational Performance in Financial Institutions

This paper aims to examine the relationship among effective time management, individual performance and organizational performance and the mediating effect of individual performance in the relationship between effective time management and organizational performance. In order to achieve the study objectives, primary data was collected from 120 managerial level employees in select financial institutions operating in Trincomalee district of Sri Lanka. The simple mediation analysis was used to test the research model. The findings of the study reveal that positive and significant relationship exists among the study variables. Moreover, the study indicated that individual performance of employee mediates the relationship between effective time management and organizational performance. The current study is considered to be vital in understanding the empirical knowledge regarding the relationship among effective time management, individual performance and organizational performance.
The Biblical Heart and Process Anthropology

This article aims to integrate the biblical theological idea of the heart with Alfred North Whitehead's ideas concerning human selfhood. It begins with a biblical theological description of the heart, drawing to a focus upon Ezekiel's idea of God creating in us a new heart. It then interprets these ideas by correlating them with key ideas of Whitehead, such as actual entity, actual occasion, living person, historic route, the four phases of the actual entity, initial aim, and subjective aim. This correlation peaks in the idea that for process anthropology a new heart is created in us every new instant.
Cloning and expression of the cryIVD gene of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in the cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 and its resulting larvicidal activity.

Abstract A mosquitocidal cyanobacterium has been developed by introducing the mosquito-toxic cryIVD gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis into the unicellular cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002). The cryIVD gene was introduced into the cyanobacterium on a derivative of the PR-6 expression vector pAQE19 delta Sal in which the cryIVD gene was translationally fused to the initial coding sequence of the highly expressed PR-6 cpcB gene. Coomassie blue staining and immunoblot analysis of gel-fractionated cell extract polypeptides indicate that the cpcB-cryIVD gene fusion is expressed at high levels in the cyanobacterial cells, with little or no apparent degradation of the cryIVD gene product. Larvicidal assays revealed that freshly hatched Culex pipiens mosquito larvae readily ingested the transformed cyanobacteria and that the cells proved to be toxic to the larvae.
Tourism's human conflicts: Cases from the Pacific

Abstract Farrell, Bryan H., “Tourism's Human Conflicts: Cases from the Pacific,” Annals of Tourism Research , Vol. VI, No. 2, April/June 1979, pp. 122–136. Conflicts within tourism in the Pacific area arise through the interaction of numerous forces, many of which are misunderstood or ignored. What goes on in the minds of visitors and hosts is as important as tourism's environmental manifestations. Some visitor behavior is motivated by insecurity. Host behavior often stems from hostility generated in the past. A tourist is a complex symbol, often maligned. Strategies used in tourism are the same as those associated with other development. A complex situation is further complicated by increasing neuroethnological information suggesting that levels of consciousness between outsiders and insiders may be as much physiological as cultural.
A Decision Support System for Real-Time Control and Monitoring of Dynamical Processes

The paper presents the concept and development of a prototype diagnostic decision support system for real-time control and monitoring of dynamical processes. This decision support system, known as Diagnostic Evaluation and Corrective Action (DECA), employs qualitative reasoning, in conjunction with quantitative models, for monitoring and diagnosis of malfunctions and disruptions in dynamical processes under routine operations and emergency situations. DECA is especially suited for application to time-constrained environments where an immediate action is needed to avoid catastrophic failure(s). DECA is written in common Lisp and has been implemented on a Symbolics 3670 machine; its efficacy has been verified using the data from the Three Mile Island No. 2 Nuclear Reactor Accident.
Improved prediction of quasi-global vegetation conditions using remotely-sensed surface soil moisture

The added value of satellite-based surface soil moisture retrievals for agricultural drought monitoring is assessed by calculating the lagged rank correlation between remotely-sensed vegetation indices (VI) and soil moisture estimates obtained both before and after the assimilation of surface soil moisture retrievals derived from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E) into a soil water balance model. Higher soil moisture/VI lag correlations imply an enhanced ability to predict future vegetation conditions using estimates of current soil moisture. Results demonstrate that the assimilation of AMSR-E surface soil moisture retrievals substantially improve the performance of a global drought monitoring system - particularly in sparsely-instrumented areas of the world where high-quality rainfall observations are unavailable.
Sounds of the Borderland: Popular Music, War and Nationalism in Croatia since 1991

Reviewed Medium: book Authors: Catherine Baker Year: 2010 Pages: 278 Publisher: Ashgate Publishing ISBN: 978-1-4094-0337-1 (hard cover). Prices: $99.95(hard cover).
A note on plurisubharmonic defining functions in C^2

Let D be a smoothly bounded domain in C^2. Suppose that D admits a smooth defining function which is plurisubharmonic on the boundary of D. Then the Diederich-Fornaess exponent can be chosen arbitrarily close to 1, and the closure of D admits a Stein neighborhood basis.
Term Rewriting: Some Experimental Results

We discuss term rewriting in conjunction with sprfn, a Prolog-based theorem prover. Two techniques for theorem proving that utilize term rewriting are presented. We demonstrate their effectiveness by exhibiting the results of our experiments in proving some theorems of von Neumann-Bernays-Godel set theory. Some outstanding problems associated with term rewriting are also addressed.
CT Scan, ICP and Early Neurological Evaluation in the Prognosis of Severe Head Injury

The prognostic value of careful neurological evaluation using standard terminology performed serially over 72 hours in patients with head injuries of designated severity has been shown by Jennett and his colleagues. The growing use of muscle relaxants with artificial ventilation and the increasing interest in the use of induced barbiturate coma reduces the opportunity for serial neurological evaluations over an extended period. Furthermore, there is a need to identify at the earliest possible stage those patients in whom a particularly poor outcome is to be expected, because it is in this group that newer and perhaps riskier therapies are justified. Inclusion of patients in whom a better outcome is to be expected may yield a falsely optimistic view of a test therapy. One solution is to wait for a certain period of time to ascertain that the head injury is serious. This has the disadvantage that it may delay application of therapy to a point where no treatment can be effective because neurological deterioration has become irreversible.
An update on molecular diagnostics of squamous and salivary gland tumors of the head and neck.

Abstract Context.—Molecular testing in anatomic pathology is becoming standardized and can contribute valuable diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic information for the clinical management of pat...
Peroral Pancreatoscopy in the Diagnosis and Management of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia and Indeterminate Pancreatic Duct Pathology

Peroral pancreatoscopy (POP) is an exciting modality for the evaluation of pancreatic diseases. It has proved efficacy in the evaluation of suspected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia and allows for a determination of the presence and extent of pancreatic duct involvement. When other imaging modalities are inconclusive, POP seems a useful adjunct in the evaluation of indeterminate pancreatic duct strictures and permits tissue sampling under direct vision. Despite recent advances, refinements in endoscope caliber, tip deflection, and optics are still required for more routine application in pancreatic diseases.
Instructional curriculum improves medical staff knowledge and efficacy for patients experiencing intimate partner violence

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study assesses Veterans Affairs mental health providers' understanding of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the perception of patient benefit of routine inquiry and service referral. The impact of an instructional curriculum was also examined following an interactive training. Methods: An evidence-based curriculum was offered to Veterans Affairs mental health providers. The curriculum utilized didactic methods, case scenarios, and resources regarding referrals and statutes regarding crimes related to violence and abuse. The participants completed pre- and post-training surveys to assess their perceptions about IPV and to evaluate the training. Results: Seventy-three individuals completed the training. Fifty-four of the participants were female, and thirty-three were over the age of 45 years. Fifty-one individuals completed both surveys. There were no differences between participants' views of the seriousness of IPV in the community or their practices before or after the training...
A Group Theoretic Approach to the Equations of Plasma Physics

This paper concerns the interaction between group theory and classical mechanics in general and with the application of this theory to plasma physics in particular. Mechanics has had a profound role in the historical development of mathematics. Leading original thinkers in pure mathematics such as Newton, Euler, Lagrange, Jacobi, Laplace, Cauchy, Gauss, Riemann, Poincare, Hilbert, Birkhofi, Smale and Arnold were also great original thinkers in various facets of mechanics. The interaction between mechanics and pure mathematics remains one of the most active and flourishing areas of current research. It is this flavor which I hope to convey in this lecture.
Genetic determination of EEG frequency spectra

Abstract Simultaneous EEG samples were collected under four conditions in one session from 39 pairs of monozygotic and 27 pairs of dizygotic young adult twins of the same sex. The 3 min EEG samples were spectrum analyzed and root mean square differences between pairs of spectra were computed for the two twin samples and also for a group of unrelated pairs obtained from the same samples. Six parameters were defined to characterize the salient features of the individual spectra: delta, theta, alpha, beta, phi (alpha mid-frequency) and kappa (stability of alpha frequency). All six parameters Showed intra-class correlations of about 0.8 for the MZ twins and correlations near zero for the DZ pairs. Comparisons across conditions indicated that, with respect to EEG spectra, the MZ twins resembled their co-twins about 96% as much as they resembled themselves. Holding time and situation constant, most of the variance in the frequency characteristics of the EEG appears genetically determined.
The curvature of a Hilbert module over ℂ[z1, … , zd]

A notion of curvature is introduced in multivariable operator theory. The curvature invariant of a Hilbert module over ℂ[z1, … , zd] is a nonnegative real number which has significant extremal properties, which tends to be an integer, and which is hard to compute directly. It is shown that for graded Hilbert modules, the curvature agrees with the Euler characteristic of a certain finitely generated algebraic module over the appropriate polynomial ring. This result is a higher dimensional operator-theoretic counterpart of the Gauss–Bonnet formula which expresses the average Gaussian curvature of a compact oriented Riemann surface as the alternating sum of the Betti numbers of the surface, and it solves the problem of calculating the curvature of graded Hilbert modules. The proof of that result is based on an asymptotic formula which expresses the curvature of a Hilbert module in terms that allow its comparison to a corresponding asymptotic expression for the Euler characteristic.
A Data Visualization Virtual Environment Supported by Augmented Reality

The increasing dissemination of information demands new techniques to represent and visualize data, so that the user can understand information sets to support decision-making in a fast and adequate way. This paper presents the DATAVIS-AR, a virtual environment for data visualization that incorporates augmented reality, which allows graphics to be superimposed over scenes from the real world. The main benefits of DATAVIS-AR is that the user can manipulate (put, delete, arrange and configure) graphics in the real world, enabling the detailed understanding of the considered data sets and contributing to improve the decision making. An application example representing the traffic of vehicles in a toll plaza is given and the results are discussed.
Rethinking religion: The legacy of the U.S.‐Saudi relationship

Saudi Arabia's religiosity was an asset to the U.S. during the Cold War, but it has since become a political liability. Religion is the core of the so‐called battle for hearts and minds and, although profoundly uncomfortable, must be addressed as part of a strategic reformulation of the bilateral relationship.
Familial factors affecting prostatic cancer risk and plasma sex-steroid levels

Whether familial factors affect the frequency of prostatic cancer and the plasma content of sex-steroids was investigated. Brothers (n = 257) of probands (n = 150) diagnosed with prostatic cancer before age 62 years had a fourfold higher risk for developing the disease than men in the general population in the State of Utah and their brothers-in-law (n = 202). Familial factors markedly affected the plasma content of sex steroids (testosterone, dihydro-testosterone, the ratio of testosterone to DHT, sex-hormone binding globulin, and the free fraction of testosterone) in nonendocrinologically treated probands and their brothers and sons and in normal men in the general populations. Index cases and their brothers and sons had a significantly lower mean plasma testosterone content than controls of comparable age. Preliminary data suggest that the metabolic clearance rate of testosterone and the conversion ratio of testosterone to estradiol are relatively high in probands. The observations indicate that familial factors are potent risk factors for the development of prostatic cancer. They also suggest that plasma androgen values in families with prostatic cancer cluster in the lower range of normal and that plasma sex-steroid content is more similar in each brothers with or without prostatic cancer than among nonbrothers.
Nitrosamines in tap water after concentration by a carbonaceous adsorbent

Abstract Ambersorb XE-340 carbonaceous adsorbent removed trace levels of volatile nitrosamines (NAs) that were added to the influent water. Recovery of seven added NAs was between 58–99% as determined by a gas-liquid chromatograph interfaced with a Thermal Energy Analyzer (GLC-TEA). When municipal (tap) water (10–42 l.) was passed through the Ambersorb XE-340 column. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA; 0.003–0.006 μg 1 −1 ) and -morpholine (NMOR; 0.006–0.018 μg 1 −1 ) were the principal NAs found. All of the NDMA and 18 of 20 NMOR samples were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry. Secondary amines added to tap water at levels of 1 mg 1 −1 and 10 μg 1 −1 formed apparent NAs, suggesting a possible component(s) in the water that caused NA formation. Low levels of volatile NAs were detected by GLC-TEA in commercial, pure, adsorbents (activated carbon). NAs were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry except where concentrations were too low. In the latter case, the apparent NAs were found to be photolabile when subjected to u.v. light (365 nm) and were reanalyzed by GLC-TEA thus providing additional evidence that the TEA responsive compounds were NAs.
Non-uniform PCB traces with prescribed frequency bands for improved crosstalk immunity

In this work, a new design approach for realizing printed circuit board (PCB) trace configuration with continuous impedance perturbation to reduce crosstalk in PCB interconnects is investigated. The purpose is to reduce far-end crosstalk without incorporating additional PCB components in order to modify the reactive couplings between the adjacent traces, however at the expense of the available frequency band. This is achieved by replacing a uniform victim trace on a PCB with a continuously varying-impedance trace that exhibits a lowpass filter frequency characteristic. A simplified design approach of the proposed trace impedance profile which is governed by a truncated fourier series is presented. The proposed trace shows better crosstalk reduction results compared to conventional intervening guard trace schemes. Several configurations were designed, implemented, and tested to demonstrate the advantages of the underlying principle.
Transient microwave bandwidth measurements of illuminated silicon switches for optical pulse-shape control of laser-fusion drivers

The microwave transmission properties of a high-purity (greater than or equal to 40 k(Omega) (DOT)cm) single-crystal-silicon, photoconductive (PC) switch were measured while the switch was optically activated. The switch was 2.3 mm wide (the width of the microstrip electrode), 2 mm long, and 0.5 mm thick with a 0.5-mm photoconductive gap and was mounted in a 50-(Omega) microstrip transmission line. The switch was irradiated uniformly with a 150-ns FWHM pulse from a Nd:YAG laser (wavelength equals 1.064 micrometer). The insertion loss of the optically activated PC switch was nearly constant minus 0.7 dB across the measurement system bandwidth (9 GHz). Under these illumination conditions, the switch exhibited negligible bandwidth limitations. The microstrip structure by itself had an insertion loss that increased from minus 0.4 dB at 1 GHz to minus 1.4 dB at 9 GHz.
Unexpected Consequences of Improving Workplace Justice: A Six-Year Time Series Assessment

Reported here are the effects of a naturally occurring field experiment in which an intervention to improve a grievance process was introduced and then removed. The experimental design was an inter...
New communal roosting tradition established through experimental translocation in a Neotropical harvestman

‘Tradition’ has been invoked to explain instances in which animals aggregate repeatedly in the same locations for no apparent reason, but alternative explanations, such as cryptic habitat selection, are difficult to rule out. Distinguishing among these hypotheses requires field experiments. We studied a species of harvestman (Prionostemma sp.) that forages solitarily at night and forms roosting aggregations in spiny palms by dawn. Aggregations have formed repeatedly in the same sites for over a decade, and yet the aggregation sites do not appear to differ from unused sites in tree characteristics or microclimate. Previous research suggested that the harvestmen find aggregation sites by detecting chemicals left behind by conspecifics. If so, it should be possible to establish new aggregation sites simply by moving harvestmen to new locations. We carried out such an experiment and, as predicted, release sites attracted harvestmen at much higher rates than did matched control sites. Most individuals that came to release sites were new recruits, and one site continued to attract several harvestmen for at least 7 days, suggesting that a new roosting tradition was established. We also revisited the question of whether any other factors, besides past usage, predict site use. Among sites used by the harvestmen, the size of the aggregations was strongly predicted by microclimate and spiny palm characteristics. Together these findings support the hypothesis that attraction to conspecific cues is the primary mechanism responsible for the long-term stability of aggregation sites, while also suggesting that site characteristics play a previously unrecognized role. Understanding how site traditions develop may have direct applications in conservation.
Youths and HIV/AIDS: Psychiatry’s Role in a Changing Epidemic

ABSTRACT Objective To review the past 10 years of published research on human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the United States, including psychosocial and psychiatric risk factors, epidemiology, biology, neurocognitive and psychiatric sequelae, disclosure issues, prevention strategies, and biological and behavioral treatments. Method Researchers reviewed the English-language literature with a focus on child and adolescent risk factors associated with HIV/AIDS, prevention, and treatment. Results Substantial scientific advances have occurred over the past two decades leading to decreased morbidity and mortality in the United States from AIDS-related opportunistic infections. At the same time, rates of HIV infection are increasing in teenagers, young women, and minorities, and growing numbers of youths are living with an infected family member. Understanding HIV risk behavior requires a broad theoretical framework. Comprehensive HIV prevention programs have led to reduced risk behavior among HIV-affected youths and teens at risk of infection. Biological and behavioral treatments of HIV infection continue to evolve and have led to longer life span, improved quality of life, and fewer psychiatric problems. Conclusions HIV/AIDS has significant mental health implications, and psychiatry can play a critical role in curbing the epidemic. With minimal effort, mental health professionals can adapt and apply the strategies that they use to treat psychiatric symptoms to prevent HIV transmission behaviors.