cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Validation signature testing: a methodology for post-silicon validation of analog/mixed-signal circuits

Due to the use of scaled technologies, high levels of integration and high speeds of today's mixed-signal SoCs, the problem of validating correct operation of the SoC under electrical bugs and that of debugging yield loss due to unmodeled multi-dimensional variability effects is extremely challenging. Precise simulation of all electrical aspects of the design including the interfaces between digital and analog circuitry, coupling across power and ground planes, crosstalk, etc., across all process corners is very hard to achieve in a practical sense. The problem is expected to get worse as analog/mixed-signal/RF devices scale beyond the 45nm node and are more tightly integrated with digital systems than at present. In this context, a post-silicon validation methodology for analog/mixed-signal/RF SoCs is proposed that relies on the use of special stimulus designed to expose differences between observed DUT behavior and its predictive model. The corresponding error signature is then used to identify the likely "type" of electrical bug and its location in the design using nonlinear optimization algorithms. Results of trial experiments on RF devices are presented.
Neck muscle activation patterns in humans during isometric head stabilization

A musculoskeletal system with more muscles than there are motions could be programmed in alternative ways to produce a single movement. In this case, the muscles would have the potential to be maximally responsive in multiple directions rather than responding preferentially in a single direction. To determine the response patterns of muscles in the head-neck motor system, the simultaneous activation of four of the 23 neck muscles acting on the head was recorded with both surface and intramuscular electrodes. Fifteen human subjects were tested during an isometric head stabilization task. When the EMG response patterns were plotted, each muscle demonstrated a preferred direction of activation. This preferred activation direction was consistent in all of the subjects for three of the muscles tested. The fourth muscle, splenius, was preferentially activated during neck flexion in half of the subjects and during neck extension in the other half. Increasing the force parameters of the task suggested a linear relationship between force and the EMG output in the preferred response directions. Responses in the nonpreferred directions were produced by a nonlinear change in EMG activation of the muscle. This finding could have implications for theories of how reciprocal activation and cocontraction patterns of response are elicited. Results from this study, that the CNS programs neck muscles to respond in specific orientations rather than generating an infinite variety of muscle patterns, are in agreement with our findings in the cat.
Clinical trials of health information technology interventions intended for patient use: Unique issues and considerations:

BackgroundDespite the proliferation of health information technology (IT) interventions, descriptions of the unique considerations for conducting randomized trials of health IT interventions intended for patient use are lacking.PurposeOur purpose is to describe the protocol to evaluate Pocket PATH® (Personal Assistant for Tracking Health), a novel health IT intervention, as an exemplar of how to address issues that may be unique to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate health IT intended for patient use.MethodsAn overview of the study protocol is presented. Unique considerations for health IT intervention trials and strategies are described to maintain equipoise, to monitor data safety and intervention fidelity, and to keep pace with changing technology during such trials.Lessons LearnedThe sovereignty granted to technology, the rapid pace of changes in technology, ubiquitous use in health care, and obligation to maintain the safety of research participants challenge researchers to address these...
Sickle cell anemia: Pathophysiology, management, and prospects for the future

Sickle cell anemia is present in about 1 in 600 Black Americans at birth. It claims the life of many infants, causes pain and suffering in adults, and usually culminates in premature death. We currently understand a great deal about this disease on a molecular, cellular, and clinical basis. The results of years of research are slowly being translated to innovative therapies and improvements in patient care. In this paper I review the pathophysiology of this disorder, highlight the currently available treatment, and discuss new forms of therapy that promise a more direct approach to avoiding the many complications of sickle cell anemia.
The Design, Implementation, and Preliminary Results of a New Photodetector for the DIII–D Thomson Scattering Diagnostic

A redesign of the Thomson scattering data acquisition system located on the DIII-D tokamak is undergoing its trial phase. The redesign was made necessary by several factors, including the desire to improve the quality of the acquired data. In addition, the previous generation system was based on CAMAC technology, which has become difficult to maintain and is no longer supported. A big part of this improved redesign comes from the use of faster electronics allowing for greatly improved background light subtraction, the main source of noise. The past system utilized LeCroy FERA CAMAC gated integrator modules for integration and digitization. The redesigned system takes a much more distributed approach. The new system consists of a number of subsystems, including photodetectors, digitizers, distribution panels, and timing circuits. The most significant upgrade was performed on the photodetector electronic assembly. A key feature was to make the units much more self-contained in regard to the preamplifier, background subtraction, integration, and bias circuits. The redesigned photodetectors and preliminary test results of the trial phase will be presented.
Side resistance in piles and drilled shafts

More than 20 years have passed since a Terzaghi Lecture focused on the topic of deep foundations. However, considerable research has been performed, and experience gained, in this subject area in the intervening period. The objective of this paper is to update the earlier references on deep foundations by summarizing results of important recent research on a few aspects of the topic of side resistance, most notably (1) driven piles in saturated clay, (2) driven piles in siliceous sand loaded in compression and uplift, (3) drilled shafts in clay, and (4) drilled shafts in soft rock. It is concluded that, while simple design relations are available for topic (1), much is still to be learned. Under topic (2), the case is made that loading the pile in compression and uplift produces different values of unit side-shearing resistance. Regarding topics (3) and (4), the effects of details related to construction—such as stress relief, moisture migration from the concrete to the geomaterial, borehole roughness, an...
Glucagon-like peptide-2 protects against TPN-induced intestinal hexose malabsorption in enterally refed piglets

Premature infants receiving chronic total parenteral nutrition (TPN) due to feeding intolerance develop intestinal atrophy and reduced nutrient absorption. Although providing the intestinal trophic...
On safety in discretionary access control

An apparently prevailing myth is that safety is undecidable in discretionary access control (DAC); therefore, one needs to invent new DAC schemes in which safety analysis is decidable. In this paper we dispel this myth. We argue that DAC should not be equated with the Harrison-Ruzzo-Ullman (1976) access matrix scheme, in which safety is undecidable. We present an efficient (running time cubic in its input size) algorithm for deciding safety in the Graham-Denning (1972) DAC scheme, which subsumes the DAC schemes used in the literature on comparing DAC with other access control models. We also counter several claims made in recent work by Solworth and Sloan (2004), in which the authors present a new access control scheme based on labels and relabelling and assert that it can implement the full range of DAC models. We present a precise characterization of their access control scheme and show that it does not adequately capture a relatively simple DAC scheme.
Postcommunist Political Capitalism: A Weberian Interpretation

“Political capitalism” is a term frequently deployed in analyses of the economic systems that emerged in the former Soviet block after the implosion of communist autocracy. This crisp, evocative phrase effectively expresses the shared feeling that the transmogrifications of the formerly “planned economies” did not lead to the desired consolidation of a “normal” capitalism. Many would say that by the mid-2000s several East European countries had reached a state approximating “Western ordinariness.” But even they would agree that, at least during the first dozen years of postcommunist changes, the somewhat mysterious dynamics shaping postcommunist “economic domains” were marred by persisting “anomalies,” enduring “atavisms,” and recurring “distortions” which originated in the realm of “politics.” One cannot in good faith dispute that there was something “political” about the way the idiosyncratic postcommunist economies functioned throughout the 1990s.
Polygyny in a Wild Wolf Pack

Grâce au suivi d'individus de Canis lupus, par radio-telemetrie, la mise en evidence de cas de polygynie chez cette espece est revelee
Changes in Populations of Rhizosphere Bacteria Associated with Take-All Disease of Wheat

Take-all, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat worldwide. Knowing that microbe-based suppression of the disease occurs in monoculture wheat fields following severe outbreaks of take-all, we analyzed the changes in rhizosphere bacterial communities following infection by the take-all pathogen. Several bacterial populations were more abundant on diseased plants than on healthy plants, as indicated by higher counts on a Pseudomonas-selective medium and a higher fluorescence signal in terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of amplified 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) of the most abundant cultured populations showed a shift in dominance from Pseudomonas to Chryseobacterium species in the rhizosphere of diseased plants. Fluorescence-tagged ARDRA of uncultured rhizosphere washes revealed an increase in ribotypes corresponding to several bacterial genera, including those subsequently identified by partial 16S sequencing as belonging to species of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-proteobacteria, sphingobacteria, and flavobacteria. The functional significance of some of these populations was investigated in vitro. Of those isolated, only a small subset of the most abundant Pseudomonas spp. and a phlD(+) Pseudomonas sp. showed any significant ability to inhibit G. graminis var. tritici directly. When cultured strains were mixed with the inhibitory phlD(+) Pseudomonas strain, the Chryseobacterium isolates showed the least capacity to inhibit this antagonist of the pathogen, indicating that increases in Chryseobacterium populations may facilitate the suppression of take-all by 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol-producing phlD(+) pseudomonads.
Testing a Middle-Range Theoretical Model of Adaptation to Chronic Pain:

The purpose of this cross-sectional, correlational study was to test a middle-range theory of adaptation to chronic pain that was deduced from the Roy adaptation model using structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 200 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 76. The Roy adaptation model theoretical framework provided an adequate fit to the data and supported the majority of the hypothesized relationships and findings from prior research. Significant direct effects, however, were found between both focal and contextual stimuli, suggesting that contextual stimuli need to be considered when developing a plan of care for older adults experiencing chronic pain.
William Martin Gelbart 1945-2015.

the database as new data flowed in. This required considerable organizational skills, a deep knowledge and appreciation of Drosophila genetics and an ability to integrate technological advances. For his work with Flybase, Bill was awarded the 2010 Genetics Society of America George W. Beadle Medal for outstanding contributions to the community of genetics researchers (see photo). Flybase was the first biological database centered on a model organism. Others have followed suit, and Bill played an important advisory role for WormBase, ZFIN (Zebrafish Information Network), Mouse Genetics Informatics (MGI) and the Human Genome Project. Throughout his career Bill demonstrated a sincere commitment to sharing his knowledge through teaching. Aside from teaching genetics in the classroom, Bill spent hours alongside his trainees in the fly room. Like all of the best teachers, he challenged us to work through problems, guiding us when we were off track but enabling us to come up with the answer in the end. His mentorship was marked by a strong belief in inclusion. Bill served for many years with the Harvard Foundation for Intercultural and Race Relations to promote diversity and equity and was honored with the Harvard Distinguished Faculty Award in 2014. Bill was also instrumental in developing the Frontiers in Genomics program at the University of New Mexico, where he fostered a sense of community, regardless of ethnicity, to which the students responded with passion and deep gratitude. Bill embodied the love of family and zest for science in equal parts, always supplemented with a mischievous sense of humor. He gave fatherly advice to the expectant parents in his lab, and taught his children ‘Mr. Potato Head genetics’ to explain the appearance of a grandparent’s eyes in a newborn child. Bill is survived by his beloved, devoted wife, Susan; his loving daughters Marnie Carey, Courtney Phelon and Jennifer Walsh; his adoring grandchildren Delilah, Theodore and Amelia; his sons-in-law James Carey and Scott Phelon; brother Herb and sister-in-law Susan; and other in-laws, nieces, nephews and dear friends. Bill leaves behind a community, his family, of geneticists, genomic explorers and lay enthusiasts who will transmit the wonders of genetics to future generations. William Martin Gelbart 1945–2015
Corrigendum to "Obesity in a model of gpx4 haploinsufficiency uncovers a causal role for lipid-derived aldehydes in human metabolic disease and cardiomyopathy" [Mol Metab 4 (6) (2015) 493-506].

Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States Department of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States East Carolina Heart Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
Transition-State Analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi Uridine Phosphorylase-Catalyzed Arsenolysis of Uridine

Uridine phosphorylase catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine and 2′-deoxyuridine to generate uracil and (2-deoxy)ribose 1-phosphate, an important step in the pyrimidine salvage pathway. The coding sequence annotated as a putative nucleoside phosphorylase in the Trypanosoma cruzi genome was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity, and shown to be a homodimeric uridine phosphorylase, with similar specificity for uridine and 2′-deoxyuridine and undetectable activity toward thymidine and purine nucleosides. Competitive kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) were measured and corrected for a forward commitment factor using arsenate as the nucleophile. The intrinsic KIEs are: 1′-14C = 1.103, 1,3-15N2 = 1.034, 3-15N = 1.004, 1-15N = 1.030, 1′-3H = 1.132, 2′-2H = 1.086, and 5′-3H2 = 1.041 for this reaction. Density functional theory was employed to quantitatively interpret the KIEs in terms of transition-state structure and geometry. Matching of experimental KIEs to proposed transition-stat...
Smoking-related behavior and relative risk factor after the execution of Regulation on Smoking Control in Public Places in Hangzhou City

Objective To know about smoking-related behavior and relative risk factor after the execution of Regulation on Smoking Control in Public Places in Hangzhou City,and to provide evidence for prevention and intervention of smoking.Methods We used a two-stage Mitofsky-Waksberg telephone survey to investigate the smoking-related behavior of Hangzhou citizens(over 15-year old)who had the history of smoking since 2010.Results The prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation of Hangzhou citizens was 35.8%and 13.8%,respectively.Nobody gave up smoking because of this regulation,but 9.5% of smokers had reduced the amount of cigarette and 42.9% of smokers had changed their place of smoking because of this regulation.Conclusions Even been executed for 1year,Regulation on Smoking Control in Public Places in Hangzhou City has little impact on Hangzhou citizens for smoking cessation,but has impact on amount of cigarette smoking and place of cigarette smoking.The department concerned should make more effort on the execution of this regulation and smoking cessation.
Immunity status of hepatitis B vaccine immunized population and influence factors in anti-HBs declined group

Objective:To detect cellular immunity status of hepatitis B vaccine immunized population and explore influence factors in anti-HBs declined group.Methods: A multi-stage cluster randomized sampling was designed to survey 3619 people over 1 year in Nantong.The HBsAg,anti-HBs,and anti-HBc were detected by ELISA.Results:3619 people were investigated,from whom 1994 were negative in HBsAb,and the negative rate was 55.16%.Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,immune times and immune years were influence factors in anti-HBs declined group.Conclusion:The immunity of HBV was weakened with immune time.Therefore,out enhanced immunization program and promot on of adult immunization should be carried as the focus to prevent and control hepatitis B in future in Nantong.
Care of pediatric kawasaki disease in children

Objective To explore the nursing experience of large dose of gamma globulin by intravenous infusion,aspirin and dipyridamole by oral in the treatment of pediatric kawasaki disease.Methods The clinical manifestation and the reaction after drug of 98 cases of children with kawasaki disease were observed,and the corresponding nursing measures were given.Results 98 cases of patients with kawasaki disease all recovered because of the proper and timely nursing.Conclusion The pain of children with kawasaki disease has reduced through the careful evaluation,basic care,drug nursing and psychological nursing,which has important significance for the treatment and prognosis.
The Politics of Diet “Eco-dietetics,” Neoliberalism, and the History of Dietetic Discourses

By situating contemporary food movements within a larger history of dietary advice, this study demonstrates both that diet has long been an important topic in Western political thought and that eating, not just speaking, voting, and legislating, is an important political act. Three distinct discursive formations have shaped the history of Western dietetics. Historians have already described two, the humoral and nutritionist traditions. I contend that a third discourse, eco-dietetics, emerged in the mid-twentieth century in the form of fresh, local, organic, and “Slow” food movements. Dietetic discourses can be distinguished by their conceptualizations of the body, healthy food, moral eating, and authoritative knowledge about aliment. Just as humoral and nutritionist dietetics, respectively, created knowledge of humors and nutrients, eco-dietetics has created a new object of knowledge: the effects of eating on the environment. But eco-dietetics contains two distinct variants, one agrarian, the other corpor...
Influence of age and testosterone levels on masculine development in rams.

Fifty wethers and 51 spring-born rams were divided into five groups and slaughtered at different seasons of the year at average ages of 271, 361, 459, 557 or 652 d to determine the age and season at which differences in secondary sex characteristics could be detected. Serum testosterone concentrations and testes weights were low in January when the rams were 271 d of age and again in April at 361 d of age. By July, at 459 d of age, testosterone concentrations and testes weights had peaked and then decreased the following November at 557 d and February at 652 d. In contrast with plasma testosterone concentrations and testes weights, buckiness scores, splenius to semimembranosus or semitendinosus muscle ratios, splenius muscle weights and neck and shoulder percentages were not seasonal. All of these measures increased significantly up to July and continued to increase slowly, but not significantly, thereafter. Muscle color and texture scores and rib eye color scores tended to increase in a linear manner for both rams and wethers as age increased. Subcutaneous fat from rams was yellower and softer than that from wethers over all age groups. Ram fat firmness did not change (P greater than .05) with age, and the only significant change in ram fat color was between the groups at 271 and 361 d of age. Overall, season of year coupled with higher levels of serum testosterone was related to initial development of secondary sex characteristics in ram lambs.
Mechanoenzymes: Catalysis, Force Generation and Kinetics

This chapter focuses on force-associated conformational changes in mechanoenzymatic reactions. The central concepts include conformational effects on noncovalent binding interactions, the mechanical energy yield of ATP hydrolysis, the nature of force-dependent rate constants, as well as the stall force that prevents motor advance. The unifying ideas concerning the actions of molecular motors and how they are often subject to large fluctuations in conformational and chemical states are also discussed. This chapter briefly describes some mechanisms by which energases harness the Gibbs energy of different stages in ATP hydrolysis. These principles and relevant kinetic properties are illustrated by considering several prototypical molecular motors. It is observed that the definition of an enzyme as a catalyst that enhances reactivity through the facilitated making/breaking of chemical bonds unifies the action of traditional enzymes that catalyze covalent bond transformations and mechanoenzymes that instead catalyze noncovalent bond transformations. Another unifying concept is that all forms of catalysis result from the well-managed, sequential application of force. Mechanoenzymatic reactions involving the diffusion and conformational rearrangement of macromolecular substrates are intrinsically slower, especially when mechanochemical forces must be generated. Because conformational changes lie at the heart of the force-generating/work-achieving steps, key objectives are: to identify changes in how the nucleotide is posed within the active site, and to observe corresponding conformational changes in the mechanoenzyme and/or its target ligand. A crucial limitation in obtaining structural information is that the catalytic cycles of mechanoenzyme are short-lived, and fleeting intermediates often fail to accumulate in sufficient abundance for structural analysis.
Crop Damage from Sulfur Dioxide

The pollution abatement problem has always been in part a measurement problem. In order to properly evaluate the full extent of pollution damage to crops objective methods for determining the losses are necessary. A method has been reviewed for determining the losses due to SO/sub 2/. This equations is expressed in a simple linear form: y = a - bx, where y is the yield in percent; x is the percentage of leaf area destroyed as estimated at the time of exposure; a is a constant with a approximating 100%; and b is the slope of the yield-leaf-destruction curve. Various studies are reviewed which contribute information on the impact of SO/sub 2/ on crops.
Balancing Flood Control and Ecological Preservation/Restoration of Urban Watersheds

Throughout recent history, urbanisation has altered the ecological structure of urban streams and rivers. They have been channelised, constricted, and ultimately covered to gain space for urban development and to accommodate increased flood flows. The Los Angeles River in California and the Kinnikinnic River in Milwaukee represent the ultimate transformation of an urban stream into a concrete, high flow velocity channel with very little biological habitat. Concurrently, as a result of these modifications and diminished water quality, indigenous aquatic species have disappeared, resulting in a complete loss of sensitive species and the propagation of a few unwanted species tolerant to pollution and low quality habitat.
The Strategy of Monetary Policy

To be effective, authorities must have a strategy for the conduct of monetary pohcy. A proper strategy defines both means and ends. In the case of monetary pohcy, the ends are the general goals mentioned at the beginning of Chapter 9—an acceptable rate of growth of real output, low unemployment, reasonable price level stability, and a relatively stable international value of the dollar. The means are the policy instruments and a set of financial or monetary targets. Unfortunately, monetary policymakers must contend with numerous linkages between manipulation of their instruments and the uldmate effects of the instruments on policy goals. The exact nature of these linkages is only partially understood, and a good deal of research in the Federal Reserve System and among academic economists is devoted to sorting out their relative importance. In the meantime, such knowledge as is possessed by the Fed must be applied to carrying out monetary policy strategies. A complete strategy of monetary policy would include specification of policy goals, setting policy instruments and targets to achieve the goals, and using a monitoring system to assure the authorities that their actions are working in the desired directions. Much of the time, monetary policy decisions are unaccompanied by a complete strategy in the minds of the authorities. In the past, for example, they frequently ignored some of the critical linkages between instruments and targets and between targets and ultimate policy goals. At other times, they failed to develop effective indicators for monitoring the impact of their policies on the economy. Present practices, while far from perfect, are an improvement over those of the past. The goal of this chapter is to provide you with a basic understanding of current policy practices. The means for achieving the goal will be (1) a brief description of the strategy problem, (2) a commentary upon past policy strategies, and (3) a brief description of the current policy process.
A broadband proton backlighting platform to probe shock propagation in low-density systems.

A proton backlighting platform has been developed for the study of strong shock propagation in low-density systems in planar geometry. Electric fields at the converging shock front in inertial confinement fusion implosions have been previously observed, demonstrating the presence of—and the need to understand—strong electric fields not modeled in standard radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. In this planar configuration, long-pulse ultraviolet lasers are used to drive a strong shock into a gas-cell target, while a short-pulse proton backlighter side-on radiographs the shock propagation. The capabilities of the platform are presented here. Future experiments will vary shock strength and gas fill, to probe shock conditions at different Z and Te.
Measurement of Acceptance of Waste-to-Energy (WtE): A United States Sample

As Renewable Energy (RE) such as solar and wind power has become more heavily utilized as recognized energy sources over the last several years, general awareness of innovative forms of green energy production has increased. This paper reviews Waste-to-Energy (WtE), an innovative and emerging form of RE, in terms of acceptance by the public. This paper utilizes the Fishbein and Azjen (1975) Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Leadership-Led Change Theory of Andrews, McConnell, and Westcott (2010) for the basis for examining variables that relate to acceptance of WtE. The present research examines to what extent individuals’ acceptance of WtE is predicted by attitudes regarding global warming, conventional energy use, U.S. energy production, government leadership change, trust in innovation, renewable energy knowledge, WtE knowledge, income, and net worth. All predictors except income showed statistically significant and positive correlations with acceptance of WtE. Multiple regression analysis revealed that four of these predictors had statistical significance and a positive relationship with WtE acceptance: knowledge of WtE, global warming and conventional energy beliefs, innovation trust, and net worth. Policy implication of this study is that education and marketing efforts should focus on increasing consumer knowledge of WtE as an innovative and trustworthy source of renewable energy.
Bipartite networks improve understanding of effects of waterbody size and angling method on angler–fish interactions

Networks used to study interactions could provide insights to fisheries. We compiled data from 27 297 interviews of anglers across waterbodies that ranged in size from 1 to 12 113 ha. Catch rates o...
Muscle-Tendon Junction Injury

Muscle strain injury is one of the most frequently occurring and debilitating injuries in sport and recreation. Both partial and full muscle strain injuries result in significant short-term and long-term consequences. These consequences include time lost from work at significant compensation costs and inability to regain pre-injury levels of performance. Despite having knowledge of the consequences, the understanding of muscle and tendon injuries is still vastly unknown. The exact anatomical location of damage within the muscle-tendon junction and the predisposing factors for damage in normal, healthy muscle are still unanswered questions surrounding muscle strain injury. Our understanding of muscle and tendon injuries has expanded considerably in the last 30 years. Much more is known about the pathophysiology of injury in animal model and in clinical practice. However, much remains to be determined about prevention and treatment.
The relationship of body weight to longevity within laboratory rodent species.

The positive correlation of body weight (BW) to lifespan (LS) across mammalian species is well-established (Economos, 1980b; Sacher, 1959). Increases in species-representative BW are paralleled by increases in LS. According to an analysis by Economos (1980b), the correlation coefficient of log BW vs. log LS within the mammalian class as a whole is high (ṟ = 0.79). This relation appears to hold within all mammalian orders. Within the order Rodentia, the correlation coefficient of log BW vs. log LS is even higher (ṟ = 0.86).
Organizational Communication Theory and Ideology: An Overview

Organizational communication researchers, while paying thoughtful attention to recent assertions about the almost total absence of significant theory, should profit by the kinds of searching inquir...
Development of high specific activity 68Ga-labeled DOTA-rhenium cyclized alpha-MSH peptide analog to target MC1 receptors over-expressed by melanoma tumors

3165 MC1 receptors, known to be over-expressed in melanoma cells, are attractive targets for diagnosis and therapy of metastatic melanoma, a form of skin cancer with an increasing incidence and the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. Studies have shown that 68 Ga-DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH has potential for targeting MC1 receptors to achieve early detection of malignant melanoma by PET. Because the half-life of 68 Ga is very short (68 min), the conventional method for labeling bioactive peptides through water-bath incubation for 30 - 60 min becomes a limiting factor in labeling, purification, and characterization of 68 Ga melanoma agent within an acceptable time. Currently, our laboratory is equipped with a remote monomodal microwave that allows us to perform labeling in mere seconds. We labeled a metal-cyclized α-MSH peptide analog, DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH, with 68 Ga in 0.4 M NH 4 OAc (pH 5) using the remote microwave at 100 W for 60 s, followed by reversed-phase HPLC purification for 20 min. The treatment of B16/F1 melanoma-bearing C57 mice with 68 Ga-DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH afforded favorable results from our biodistribution study : % ID/g values for tumor uptake at 30 min, 1 h, and 4 h p.i. were 6.93 ± 1.11, 6.27 ± 1.60, and 5.85 ± 1.32, respectively. The peak tumor to kidney uptake ratio was 1.13 at 4 h p.i.. The kidneys were the main excretion pathway of 68 Ga-DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH. A blocking study resulted in 84 % lower uptake in the tumor at 1 hr showing evidence of receptor-mediated process. Clearance rate of radioactivity was fast in normal organs (e.g. blood uptake: 2.41 ± 2.66 %ID/g at 30 min p.i. vs. 0.44 ± 0.03 %ID/g at 1 h p.i.). Tumor to non-target organ ratios were also favorable (e.g. tumor : blood = 14.25 at 1 h p.i.; tumor : muscle = 89.57 at 1 h p.i.). Consequently, microPET study produced superb tumor images due to the high tumor/background ratios and high tumor retention. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that 68 Ga-DOTA-Re(Arg 11 )CCMSH is readily prepared, and has promise as a PET imaging agent for early detection and staging of metastatic melanoma.
Exploiting Elsevier's CC License Requirement to Subvert Embargo

In the last round of author sharing policy revisions, Elsevier created a labyrinthine title-by-title embargo structure requiring embargoes from 12-48 months for author sharing via institutional repository (IR), while permitting immediate sharing via author's personal website or blog. At the same time, all pre-publication versions are to bear a Creative Commons-Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) license. At the time this policy was announced, it was rightly criticized by many in the scholarly communication community as overly complicated and unnecessary. However, this CC licensing requirement creates an avenue for subverting the embargo in the IR to achieve quicker open distribution of the author's accepted manuscript. In short, authors may post an appropriately licensed copy on their personal site, at which point we may deposit without embargo in the IR, not through the license granted in the publication agreement, but through the CC license on the author's version, which the sharing policy mandates. This poster outlines this issue, our experimentation with application, and engages viewers in questions regarding its potential risks, benefits, and workflows. For more information, including supplementary notes, see http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24107 .
Circuit Implementations Teaching a Junior Level Circuits Course Utilizing the SoC FPAA

This paper is grounded in the experiences of our Fall 2016 full FPAA implementation in a junior level class Georgia Tech. This paper focuses on discussing the circuit design implications learned when teaching with a highly configurable IC (SoC FPAA), as well as implications for circuit education. Three questions are addressed in turn: subthreshold and near-threshold MOSFET design as a foundational circuit concept, moving past design of op-amps as a central IC design teaching focus, and programmable transconductance-capacitance filters as fundamental filter approach. Configurable hardware (FPAA) creates a unique position enabling these next directions in circuits and educational applications.
Rapid decrease of serum alpha-fetoprotein and tumor volume predicts outcome in children with hepatoblastoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is given to children with unresectable hepatoblastoma to increase the rate and safety of curative complete surgical resection. Elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein (sAFP) decline with tumor shrinkage. In this single-institution retrospective study, we determined early dynamic changes of sAFP levels and tumor volume in children during therapy for unresectable hepatoblastoma. We correlated early dynamic changes of sAFP levels and tumor volume and the sum of the longest primary tumor and measurable metastatic disease diameters as per RECIST 1.1 criteria with patient outcome. There were 34 patients, 7 of whom died of disease. Patients with ≥ 90% (≥ 1 log10) decrease in sAFP levels after two chemotherapy courses had a better event-free survival (P = 0.039) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.045) than those with < 90% decrease. During this treatment interval, average tumor volume decreased from 481 mL (± 254 mL) to 268 mL (± 258 mL; P < 0.001) which was associated with OS (P = 0.029). Relative change in sAFP levels or tumor volume in between course 2 and pre-surgery or response as per RECIST 1.1 was not associated with OS. Early decline of sAFP levels and tumor volume, but not response as per RECIST 1.1 may predict survival in children with unresectable hepatoblastoma. This finding could be useful to identify therapy non-responders for whom alternative interventions may be required for cure. Confirmation of the finding using larger patient cohorts will be necessary before this strategy is incorporated into prospective trials.
On tests for group variation with a small to moderate number of groups.

This paper considers a family of penalized likelihood score tests for group variation. The tests can be indexed by a measure of degrees of freedom. At one extreme, with degrees of freedom one less than the number of groups, is the usual score test for a fixed effects alternative using indicator variables for the groups, while at the other extreme, in the limit as the degrees of freedom → 0, is a test closely related to a score test based on a random effects alternative. Asymptotic power comparisons are made for the tests in the family. As would be expected, different members of the family are more efficient for different alternatives. Generally the tests with smaller degrees of freedom appear to have better power than the standard test for alternatives focusing on differences among the larger groups, and lower power for alternatives focusing on differences among the smaller groups. Simulations indicate the asymptotic approximation to the distribution performs better for the tests with small degrees of freedom.
Philosophical Faith and Its Ambiguities

An analysis of the strengths and ambiguities in Jaspers’ concept of philosophical faith in three related contexts: language, religion, and value. The linguistic and semantic context discusses subtle differences of meaning in the Latin, English, and German expressions of faith. The religious context focuses on reason and revelation in the monotheistic traditions of the Middle East. Questions regarding the nature and future of humanity are discussed with respect to truth claims and an axiology of value.
Focal plane array alignment and cryogenic surface topography measurements for the Prime Focus Spectrograph

We describe the infrastructure developed to align and measure the focal plane arrays (FPA) for the Subaru Measurement of Images and Redshifts (SuMIRe) Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS), and detail the results of these efforts at ambient and operating temperatures. PFS will employ four three-channel spectrographs with an operating wavelength range of 380 nm to 1260 nm. Each spectrograph will be comprised of two visible channels and one near infrared (NIR) channel, and each channel will use individual Schmidt cameras to image the captured spectra onto their respective detectors. In the visible channels, Hamamatsu 2k x 4k charge coupled devices (CCDs) will be mounted in pairs to create a 4k x 4k mosaic, while the NIR channel will use a single Teledyne H4RG 4k x 4k Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device.
Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on Supercomputing

This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation during ICS 2007, the 21st ACM International Conference on Supercomputing (ICS-2007), held in Seattle WA (USA). For over 20 years ICS has been a leading forum on all aspects of high performance computing, bringing together a rich diversity of delegates from universities, government and industry. This year, 123 paper submissions were finalized (out of 157 initial abstract submissions) from 15 different countries, covering virtually all areas of supercomputing. The paper selection process was handled by an outstanding Program Committee (PC), with 42 members coming from 9 different countries. Papers were rigorously reviewed by PC members and by a large number of external referees directly appointed by the Program Co-chairs. In total we had 445 reviews from 179 reviewers. On average, each paper received 3.6 reviews. We had an excellent PC meeting via phone. This way we made it easier for everyone to participate irrespective of their location. Based on the reviews the PC selected 29 papers, an acceptance rate of 23%. This acceptance rate is similar to previous years, ensuring that ICS continues to maintain a very high level of competitive standards. As in previous years, the goal of this year's conference is to bring together presentations from traditionally important supercomputing disciplines as well as newly emerging and exciting areas of research. For this reason, in addition to the high-quality regular paper sessions, ICS-2007 included three workshops, two tutorials and two inspiring keynote talks (Avi Mendelson from Intel and Craig Stunkel from IBM Research) on both timely and challenging issues in these areas, encompassing hardware and software building blocks in high performance computing systems, computationally challenging applications for these systems as well as performance evaluation studies.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) for social cognition and social skills in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Social deficits are core to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Current treatments are extremely time- and labor-intensive. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be a promising treatment modality to safely enhance treatments targeting social cognition and social skills. This pilot study investigates the effectiveness of social skills treatment interventions paired with anodal tDCS for six adults 18–58 years with ASD. Differences were predicted on the verbal fluency (VF) test and a test of social skills (TASSK-M) for verum (2.0 mA) vs. sham tDCS, which was randomly assigned in a within-subjects, double-blinded design in adults with ASD with normal or higher cognitive functioning. The anode electrode was placed over right temporoparietal (CP6) and cathode over ipsilateral deltoid. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired data indicated that participants received a significantly higher score on the VF test after receiving verum tDCS compared to sham tDCS, with no significant differences found on the TASSK-M. Post-hoc analysis showed that the emotion-word portion of the VF test, specifically, indicated significant differences when comparing verum to sham tDCS conditions. These findings provide optimism for the use of tDCS as delivered in the current study paired with social skills treatment interventions for ASD, particularly for improving skills of emotion verbal fluency.
Stenting of superior mesenteric and celiac arteries does not increase complication rates after fenestrated-branched endovascular aneurysm repair

Abstract Objective This study compared complications in patients undergoing fenestrated-branched endovascular aneurysm repair (F-BEVAR) without and with stenting of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) or celiac artery (CA), with particular attention to the length of coverage above the CA. Methods A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively maintained database of patients treated with F-BEVAR for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms between July 2012 and May 2017. Data included demographics, risk factors, comorbidities, preoperative aneurysm characteristics, procedural data, and outcomes. Patients were grouped as follows: group 1, no SMA or CA stent; group 2, SMA or CA stent and Results There were 223 patients who had data analyzed (group 1, 53 [24%]; group 2, 101 [45%]; and group 3, 69 [31%]). Mean age was 72 years (76% male). There was no difference in patients' characteristics between groups, except for hypertension (less common in group 2) and history of previous aortic surgery (more common in group 3). Group 2 (15%) and group 3 (90%) had higher spinal drain use than group 1 (2%; P Conclusions Patients who needed SMA or CA incorporation with stents during F-BEVAR for aortic repair had more complex procedures, as assessed by operative time, brachial access, number of vessels incorporated, and spinal drain use. However, the extension of the repair did not affect the outcomes, demonstrated by similar mortality and morbidity rates between groups.
Preoperatively Identified Sarcopenia Leads to Increased Postoperative Complications, Hospital and ICU Length of Stay in Autologous Microsurgical Breast Reconstruction.

Background Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Recently, there has been a tremendous amount of research into the prognostic value of sarcopenia in surgical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative outcomes in free flap breast reconstruction in patients with and without sarcopenia. Methods One hundred three patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction from 2013 to 2016 were studied. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of skeletal muscle was measured from preoperative computed tomography images at L3 using the National Institutes of Health ImageJ software. CSA was then normalized to patient stature by dividing CSA by height (cm2/m2). A previously published skeletal muscle index cutoff of 38.5 cm2/m2 was used to define sarcopenia. Intraoperative and postoperative surgical outcomes were recorded retrospectively. Outcomes were analyzed using multivariate, univariate, and regression statistics. Results Eight of the 103 (7.8%) patients were found to have sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was associated with a statistically significant increase in flap site delayed healing (37.5% vs. 20%, p = 0.046), take back to the operating room (25% vs. 11.6%, p = 0.05), intensive care unit length of stay (1.5 vs. 0.02 days, p Conclusion Sarcopenia is significantly associated with increased complications in patients undergoing free flap breast reconstruction. Further investigation into the biochemical and physiologic changes associated with sarcopenia is needed.
Talking Past Each Other: Government, Business and Civil Society Discussing Cyber Security

Martha Finnemore has visited MGIMO-University this September, she gave several public lectures for students and participated in a number of roundtables. Professor Finnemore was very kind to give an interview to our journal on various issues of international information and cybersecurity. The interview was conducted by Elena Zinovieva, vice director of the Center for International Information Security, Science and Technology Policy at MGIMO-University.
User and Context Integrated Experience Mining in Online Health Communities

Online Health Communities (OHCs) provide a platform for patients, caregivers, and researchers to exchange information and support each other. Identifying information that describes patient health experiences in OHCs has many important applications, such as trustworthy knowledge discovery and recommendation. To identify patient experience description, we observe that the same word may have different strengths as an indicator of patient experiences when written by different users. Based on this observation, we propose a User-Word Context Vector model, that holistically captures linguistic features of text, user information and context information to classify patient experiences in OHCs. Experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method significantly outperforms the existing methods on patient experience classification.