cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reactions to Life-Style Warnings: Coffee and Cancer

A well-publicized report linking coffee to cancer of the pancreas provided an opportunity to examine how people react to life-style warnings. According to the concepts of cognitive dissonance and defensive avoidance, coffee drinkers might be expected to avoid this report or dispute its validity. Within the sample of 89 secretarial and clerical workers, coffee drinkers were found to be somewhat more likely than nondrinkers to be aware of and to recall the contents of the report. The more they drank, the more likely they were to have changed their coffee consumption in response to the new information. Coffee drinking had no effect on interest in receiving a copy of the original report nor were coffee drinkers more likely than nondrinkers to doubt the future confirmation of the reported coffee-cancer link. It was suggested that life-style warnings, particularly warnings about risks that are newly recognized, do not produce strong avoidance motivations. Several reasons for this lack of avoidance are discussed.
On feature extraction and region matching for forward scan sonar imaging

Automated processing of sonar video imagery enables valuable capabilities for a wide variety of underwater applications in turbid environments. Some key examples comprise the detection, localization and tracking of distinct scene targets, building feature maps, as well as improving positioning accuracy of unmanned submarines by means of image registration and 3D motion estimation to augment traditional positioning devices. This work offers a novel technique for the registration of 2D forward-look sonar images, by optimization over the sonar 3D motion parameters. It incorporates landmark detection through an adaptive clustering scheme with Gaussian map to represent key features at each frame. Improved performance is demonstrated in experiments with real data, both in terms of computation time and accuracy, relative to the state of the art, where the registration utilizes a simplified 2D image transformation model. Among many potentials, the method can improve precision in AUV navigation and environmental modeling.
CD40L-null NKT cells provide B cell help for specific antibody responses

Abstract CD1d-binding glycolipids exert potent adjuvant effects on T-dependent Ab responses. The mechanisms include cognate interaction between CD1d-expressing B cells and TCR-expressing Type I CD1d-restricted natural killer T cells (NKTs). However, the critical NKT-derived factors that stimulate B cells are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that CD1d-driven CD40L expression by NKT cells influences humoral immunity. Bone marrow chimeras with CD40L +/+ or CD40L −/− NKT cells were immunized with Ag plus CD1d ligand before measuring Ab responses. CD40L −/− NKT cells stimulated higher endpoint Ab titers than controls expressing CD40L. In contrast, immunization of CD40L −/− mice revealed that CD40L −/− NKT cells could not provide B cell help when Th cells lacked CD40L. We report that CD40L −/− NKT cells can provide help for Ab production and do so cooperatively with CD40L +/+ Th cells. We suggest that the manner in which NKT cells provide B cell help is distinct from that of Th cells.
Flash X-Ray (FXR) Accelerator Optimization Injector Voltage-Variation Compensation via Beam-Induced Gap Voltage

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is evaluating design alternatives to improve the voltage regulation in our injector and accelerator cells of our Flash X-Ray (FXR) machine. The operational peak electron beam current and energy at the X-ray generating target are 3.2 kA and 17 MeV. The goal is to create a more mono-energetic electron beam with variation of less than 1%-root-mean-squared (rms). This would allow the beam to be focused more tightly and create an X-ray source with a smaller spot-size. Our injector appears to have significant voltage-variation, and this report describes a technique to appreciably correct the deviations. When an electron beam crosses the energized gap of an accelerator cell, the energy increases. However, the beam with the associated electromagnetic wave also loses a small amount of energy because of the increased impedance seen across each gap. The phenomenon is sometimes called beam loading. It can also be described as a beam-induced voltage at the gap which is time varying. The polarity of this induced voltage is the opposite of the voltage in the injector. The time varying profiles of the injector and induced gap voltage are related through the beam current. However, while the change in magnitude is similar, they are not exactly the same. With the right choice of cell and pulse-power system impedance, the injector variations can be greatly reduced by cancellation, but not totally eliminated. The FXR injector voltage is estimated to be 2.5 MV-peak. The variation is estimated to be about 3.0%-rms for an interval of 60 ns. A simplified mathematical explanation of voltage compensation is given, and an idealized injector profile is used to quantify the effectiveness in a computer simulation. The result calls for a constant cell and pulse-power system impedance of 12.1 Omega. For this impedance, the compensated injector voltage-variation is less than 0.1%-rms.
Influence of synthesis conditions on the electrochemical properties of nanostructured amorphous manganese oxide cryogels

Abstract Amorphous manganese oxides have received increasing attention in recent years as intercalation cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries. The sol–gel method is a versatile method for achieving nanostructured amorphous oxides. In this paper, two different sol–gel routes are investigated, where nanostructured amorphous manganese oxide cryogels are obtained via freeze drying Mn(IV) oxide hydrogels formed in situ. In one route the hydrogels are formed by reaction between a solution of sodium permanganate and a solution of disodium fumarate, and in the other route by reaction between a solution of sodium permanganate and solid fumaric acid. Highly homogeneous monolithic manganese oxide hydrogels are obtained from both synthesis routes with precursor concentrations between 0.1 and 0.2 M. The freeze drying method proves to be an efficient method for obtaining nanostructured amorphous manganese oxide cryogels out of the hydrogels. Depending on the synthesis conditions of the hydrogels, the resultant cryogels can yield very high specific capacities for lithium intercalation and excellent rate performance. The cryogel with the best performance exhibits 289 mAh/g at a C/100 rate and 174 mAh/g at a 2C rate. Strong dependence of electrochemical properties of the cryogels on the synthesis conditions of the parent hydrogels has been observed. The different electrochemical properties are believed to be due to different surface areas and local structures of the cryogels derived from hydrogels synthesized under different conditions. This strong dependence gives rise to the possibility of achieving promising intercalation materials through tailoring the surface area and the local structure of amorphous manganese oxides by adjusting sol–gel synthesis conditions.
Imipramine binding to alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in normal subjects and cardiac patients.

The relationship between binding ratio of Imipramine and plasma α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) was determined in normal subjects, patients with chest pain syndrome, and patients after myocardial infarction. Binding ratio of Imipramine was determined by equilibrium dialysis and plasma AAG concentration was determined by radial immunodiffusion. Plasma AAG concentrations ranged from 56 to 80 mg/dl (X = 65 ± 9 mg/dl) in 12 normal subjects, from 86 to 228 mg/dl (X = 125 ± 37 mg/dl) in 12 patients with chest pain syndrome, and from 78 to 350 mg/dl (X = 181 ± 69 mg/dl) in 12 patients after myocardial infarction. Plasma AAG concentrations in the three patient groups differed. Binding ratio ranged from 5.6 to 19.8 (X = 12 ± 3.5). Binding ratio of Imipramine significantly correlated with plasma AAG concentration, but not with plasma albumin. In addition, binding ratio of Imipramine and pure AAG was significantly related, indicating AAG is an important determinant for Imipramine binding. If plasma AAG concentration increases or changes rapidly, plasma drug concentration and drug effect may be unpredictable. Under these circumstances an estimate of free drug fraction may be clinically helpful and can be estimated from the formula ȳ = 7.95 +0.03 × AAG. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1984) 35, 670–674; doi:10.1038/clpt.1984.93
The heat of fusion of 66 nylon

The heat of fusion ΔHf of 66 nylon has been determined by use of the Clapeyron equation. Measurements of ΔHf and the unit-cell parameters on molding pellets show that this material contains the α2 crystal phase, which is less dense than the α1 phase obtained by crystallization from solution. The value of ΔHf-45–46 cal/g, is in good agreement with earlier reports.
Enhancement of low-dosage cine-angiographic image sequences using a modified expectation maximization algorithm

Clinical x-ray image sequences acquired through fluoroscopy systems may be corrupted by quantum mottle--a Poisson-distributed, signal-dependent noise that arises with a controlled x- ray dosage reduction in an attempt to lower the exposure to the patient and the medical staff. In this paper, an approach to temporally filter this sequence is presented. It relies on a joint estimation of the signal and the displacement field through a maximum likelihood approach. Implementation is done via a modified EM algorithm to facilitate a more tractable solution.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
The Law and Economics of Margin Squeezes in the US Versus the EU

(2012). The Law and Economics of Margin Squeezes in the US Versus the EU. European Competition Journal: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 383-402.
Characterization of human use of ethanol based on video games with ethanol rewards: Model, system identification and statistical performance

Recent research on alcoholism explores the influence of family history and genetics on the risk of developing abuse or dependence. Endophenotypes and behavioral paradigms have been used to help detect genetic contributions to this disease. Electronic tasks, which can be considered video games, that provide alcohol as a reward in controlled environments have been developed to explore some of the behaviors and characteristics of individuals with or at risk for alcohol substance use disorders. One such game involves a progressive work paradigm where subjects receive larger or smaller alcohol rewards for completing the task. A generative model for this game is described along with the signal processing needed to characterize the subjects' behavior by system identification. Statistical performance of the algorithm is described and evaluated for the human data. Potential meanings of the different parameter values and the performance results are described.
Infantile hepatic hemangiomas. Clinical features, radiologic investigations, and treatment of 20 patients

The clinical features, radiologic investigation, and treatment of 20 infants with hepatic hemangiomas are presented. Palpable abdominal mass (n = 18) and cardiac failure (n = 11) were the common presenting features. Nine patients had hyperconsumptive coagulopathy. Seven patients had other hemangiomas. Ultrasound (n = 15) showed the number and distribution of the hemangiomas within the liver. Hypoechoic and hyperechoic elements were present in addition to prominent vascular channels and diminished caliber of the distal aorta. Radionuclide sulfur colloid (n = 12) and labeled red blood cell (n = 7) studies showed the distribution and vascularity of the hemangiomas. Computed tomography (n = 8) revealed central hypointensity with marked peripheral enhancement after contrast. Arteriography now performed only as a prelude to therapeutic embolization demonstrated hypervascularity in each patient, contrast pooling in six and early draining veins in five. Magnetic resonance scanning (n = 3) showed decreased signal intensity on T1 images and high intensity signal on T2. In two patients, there was resolution or improvement of the hemangiomas without therapy. Four patients had surgery (lobectomy [2], trisegmentectomy [1], and surgical evacuation of a central hematoma [1]). Steroids and radiation were given to seven patients, and one patient also required therapeutic embolization. Steroids were the initial therapy in five patients, one of whom later required therapeutic embolization and another cyclophosphamide. Two patients were treated initially with radiation therapy, one of whom also needed emergency hepatic artery ligation. Seventeen of the 20 patients are alive and well from 6 months to 14 years after diagnosis.
Effect of Crude Protein and Solubility on Performance and Blood Constituents of Dairy Cows

Thirty-six mature Holstein cows were assigned at parturition to isocaloric diets of either 14.4 or 19.0% crude protein from highly soluble or insoluble nitrogen sources. The objective was to determine if elevated dietary crude protein affected milk production or serum metabolites. Cows individually were fed blended rations. Hourly blood samples were taken for a 12-h period during wk 1, 4, 7, and 10 postpartum. Rumen fluid samples were taken during wk 2, 4, and 6 postpartum. Cows fed diets containing 19% crude protein of high nitrogen solubility had larger dry matter intakes and tended to produce more milk than cows fed 14.4% crude protein. High crude protein intakes elevated rumen ammonia and blood urea nitrogen. Cows fed high crude protein, low nitrogen solubility diets had increased acetate to propionate ratio in rumen fluid. Serum insulin was increased in cows consuming high crude protein diets, regardless of the protein source. Serum nonesterified fatty acids decreased and albumin and glucose increased with week postpartum. Body weight change and fat-corrected milk production were not affected significantly by protein intake. Protein intakes in excess of requirements have no adverse effect on the production of early postpartum cows.
Use of an endoscope in minimally invasive lesion biopsy and removal within the skull and cranial vault in two dogs and one cat

Case Description—2 dogs and 1 cat underwent endoscopic-assisted intracranial procedures for lesion biopsy (1 dog and 1 cat) and definitive lesion removal (1 dog). Clinical Findings—1 cat was treated for an interhemispheric, pedunculated meningioma with an associated arachnoid cyst. Two dogs underwent endoscopic surgery procedures; 1 dog underwent removal of an intranasal dermoid cyst with extension to the olfactory bulb dura, and the other underwent lesion biopsy for histologic confirmation of suspected intracranial granular cell tumor. Treatment and Outcome—Minimally invasive intracranial procedures were achieved by use of an endoscope to aid in lesion biopsy in a dog and a cat with neoplasia and complete lesion removal in 1 dog with a dermoid cyst. No obvious morbidity from the use of the endoscope was observed. Rapid recovery from surgery was seen in all 3 animals, and hospitalization times were a few days. Clinical Relevance—In human and veterinary neurosurgery, minimally invasive surgical approaches ...
Diencephalic syndrome and von recklinghausen's disease

Two infants with von Recklinghausen's disease developed signs and symptoms of the diencephalic syndrome. Pathological examination confirmed the presence of hypothalamic tumors in both. The concurrence of these two entities, although previously unreported, is not unexpected given the incidence of intracranial tumor in von Recklinghausen's disease and the dinecephalic syndrome.
Insect Repellant Toxicity Associated With Psychosis

Acute onset of atypical psychotic symptoms in a patient with no prior psychiatric history necessitates evaluation for possible organic etiologies. Clarification of the cause of an organic psychosis can be quite puzzling in the absence of definitive neurologic symptoms, metabolic abnormalities, sepsis, or obvious medication toxicity. We report an unusual case of psychosis related to excess use of insect repellents. Only two cases of comparable psychosis associated with insect repellent use have been reported previously in the literature. 1,2
Controlling an overactuated vehicle with application to an autonomous surface vehicle utilizing azimuth thrusters

A control algorithm for allocating control effort to a generic overactuated system is designed. In the case where redundant actuators in the system allow for an infinite number of possible solutions to a desired trajectory, the controller must decide which solution to take. A PD controller is implemented to solve for the desired force and moment of the trajectory. Once the forces and the moments are acquired, a cost function is utilized to help guide the choice of the actuator configuration. This control method is then validated through the simulation of an autonomous surface vehicle that is utilizing an azimuth thruster propulsion system.
Teaching technical communication with the community model: some questionable side effects

The paper traces the development of the communication model of community as a framework for teaching technical writing. It first explores the idea of community discourse conventions as they were adapted from T.S. Kuhn's (1970) model of "normal science" within an autonomous scientific community. It then adds the idea of unconventional discourse practice within the community, as adapted from Kuhn's model of "revolutionary science." The paper argues that teaching technical writing using only discourse conventions inhibits a students' ability to contribute to innovations and change within an organizational community. Adding a critical component to the teaching better prepares students to contribute to the community's continual improvement over the long term.
Representations of mechanical assembly sequences

Five types of representations for assembly sequences are reviewed: the directed graph of feasible assembly sequences; the AND/OR graph of feasible assembly sequences; the set of establishment conditions, and two types of precedence relationships namely those between the establishment of one connection between parts and the establishment of another connection, and those between the establishment of one connection and states of the assembly process. The mappings of one representation into the others are established. The correctness and completeness of these representations are established. The results presented are needed in the proof of correctness and completeness of algorithms for the generation of mechanical assembly sequences. >
Energy-Efficient Cooperative Relaying in Heterogeneous Radio Access Networks

Recently, much attention has been given to heterogeneous networks where a mobile device is capable of accessing multiple random access networks (RANs), where each RAN operates on a different carrier frequency with a different transmission bandwidth, using multi-radio platforms embedded in the device. In this letter, we investigate the efficient use of multiple radio access technologies (RATs) to improve the energy efficiency in cooperative networks. Considering the circuit power consumption of each RAT, we study energy-efficient best-select relaying and show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms traditional best-select relaying as well as direct communications.
Efficacy and Safety of Automatic Remote Monitoring for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Follow-Up The Lumos-T Safely Reduces Routine Office Device Follow-Up (TRUST) Trial

Background— Monitoring implantable cardiac device function and patient condition is important. The Lumos-T Safely Reduces Routine Office Device Follow-Up (TRUST) trial tested the hypothesis that remote home monitoring with automatic daily surveillance (HM) is safe and effective for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator follow-up for 1 year and enables rapid physician evaluation of significant events. Methods and Results— In total, 1339 patients were randomized 2:1 to HM or conventional follow-up. Follow-up checks occurred at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months after implantation. HM was used before office visits at 3 and 15 months in the HM group. At 6, 9, and 12 months, HM only was used but was followed by office visits if necessary. Conventional patients were evaluated with office visits only. Scheduled office visits and unscheduled evaluations, incidence of morbidity, and time elapsed from first event occurrence in each patient to physician evaluation were tracked for each group. HM and conventional patients w...
Can We Improve Energy Efficiency of Secure Disk Systems without Modifying Security Mechanisms

Improving energy efficiency of security-aware storage systems is challenging, because security and energy efficiency are often two conflicting goals. The first step toward making the best tradeoffs between high security and energy efficiency is to profile encryption algorithms to decide if storage systems would be able to produce energy savings for security mechanisms. We are focused on encryption algorithms rather than other types of security services, because encryption algorithms are usually computation-intensive. In this study, we used the XySSL libraries and profiled operations of several test problems using Conky - a lightweight system monitor that is highly configurable. Using our profiling techniques we concluded that although 3DES is much slower than AES encryption,it more likely to save energy in security-aware storage systems using 3DES than AES. The CPU is the bottleneck in 3DES, allowing us to take advantage of dynamic power management schemes to conserve energy at the disk level.After profiling several hash functions, we noticed that the CPU is not the bottleneck for any of these functions,indicating that it is difficult to leverage the dynamic power management technique to conserve energy of a single disk where hash functions are implemented for integrity checking.
Influence of Costus speciosus (Koen.) Sm. Rhizome Extracts on Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes affects about 4% of the global population and management of diabetes without any side effects is still a challenge to the medical system. The present study investigated the possible protective effects of Costus speciosus (Koen. )s m. (C. speciosus )r hizome extracts on biochemical parameters in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced male diabetic Wistar rats. STZ treatment (50mg/kg, i.p. )c aused a hyperglycemic state that led to various physiologic and biochemical alterations. Hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol crude extracts administered at the dose of 250mg/kg, 400mg/kg, and 400mg/kg, respectively, for 60daystoSTZ-induced hypoglycemic andnormoglycemic rats. The plasma glucose concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by all three extracts compared with controls. In addition, oral administration of hexane extract significantly decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, urea, uric acid, and creatinine and at the same time markedly increased plasma insulin, tissue glycogen, serum protein, and highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. The hexane crude extract also restored the altered plasma enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels to near normal. Glibenclamide used as a reference drug (0.6mg/kg body weight) also produced a significant reduction in the blood glucose concentration in STZ-induced diabetic rats. In summary, the hexane crude extract was found to be more active in comparision with ethyl ac∗ To whom correspondence should be addressed: Department
Modeling MIMO-UWB OFDM systems with Computational Electromagnetics

This paper simulates a typical indoor MIMO-UWB OFDM system using computational electromagnetics. The goal is to create a simulation using a real world environment and taking into account realistic antenna effects. The effects of the wireless channel are examined on a per subcarrier basis. Analysis of the simulation results shows that the channel response and subsequently, mutual information is highly dependent on subcarrier. Furthermore, our analysis shows that by taking advantage of channel knowledge, a great increase in mutual information can be obtained. This leads to the conclusion that adaptive modulation has the potential to offer significant increase in system capacity.
Rabies in the Americas and Remarks on Global Aspects

The natural history of rabies from the 1930s to the present is described in a setting of its global epidemiology. The people who inaugurated many of the rabies control programs and the animal species that have been known to transmit rabies and cause outbreaks are reviewed. The education of government agencies and public health authorities as well as veterinarians and research scientists about rabies control is considered as a worldwide problem.
EFFECT OF MOLTEN ALUMINUM ON VARIOUS REFRACTORY BRICK

To study the effect of molten aluminum on refractory brick with a view toward explaining some of the brick failures in aluminum melting furnaces, the following test was conducted. Brick of different compositions and from various manufacturers were placed on end in the bottom of an electrically heated ladle to which molten aluminum was added. After holding the molten aluminum in contact with the brick for thirty-five days, it was poured out and the ladle was allowed to cool slowly to room temperature. A study of the brick revealed that some failed by penetration of the aluminum into the brick accompanied by a reaction between the aluminum and the brick. This penetration was less with the denser brick than with the more porous ones. Of the brick tested, there was the least reaction between aluminum and the chrome brick and most between aluminum and silica brick. Many other factors, however, must be considered when deciding which brick is the most economical to use in aluminum melting.
New Jersey Oligocene “Icehouse” sequences (ODP Leg 150X) correlated with global δ18O and Exxon eustatic records

Six Oligocene sequences and one earliest Miocene sequence were identified at Island Beach, Atlantic City, and Cape May, New Jersey, and correlated to the δ18O proxy of glacioeustasy and the eustatic record of Haq et al. by integrating lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, Sr isotopic stratigraphy, and magnetostratigraphy. Seven global δ18O increases are recognized by correlating δ18O records among deep-sea sites; four of these increases (Oi1, Oi2, Oi2b, and Mi1; 33.5, 30.3, 27.1, and 23.8, respectively) were recognized previously, and three (Oi1a, Oi1b, and Oi2a; 32.8, 31.7, 28.3 Ma, respectively) are new. These δ18O increases correlate well with Oligocene unconformities, indicating a glacioeustatic control on sequence boundaries. Except for an unconformity and glacioeustatic lowering at ∼ 28.3 Ma, the New Jersey Oligocene sequences correlate well with the Haq et al. record, although we question the amplitudes of their eustatic record.
Secreted-Protein Response to σU Activity in Streptomyces coelicolor

ABSTRACT The filamentous bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor forms an aerial mycelium as a prerequisite to sporulation, which occurs in the aerial hyphae. Uncontrolled activity of the extracytoplasmic function sigma factor σU blocks the process of aerial mycelium formation in this organism. Using a green fluorescent protein transcriptional reporter, we have demonstrated that sigU transcription is autoregulated. We have defined a σU-dependent promoter sequence and used this to identify 22 likely σU regulon members in the S. coelicolor genome. Since many of these genes encode probable secreted proteins, we characterized the extracellular proteome of a mutant with high σU activity caused by disruption of rsuA, the presumed cognate anti-sigma factor of σU. This mutant secreted a much greater quantity and diversity of proteins than the wild-type strain. Peptide mass fingerprinting was used to identify 79 proteins from the rsuA mutant culture supernatant. The most abundant species, SCO2217, SCO0930, and SCO2207, corresponded to secreted proteins or lipoproteins of unknown functions whose genes are in the proposed σU regulon. Several unique proteases were also detected in the extracellular proteome of the mutant, and the levels of the protease inhibitor SCO0762 were much reduced compared to those of the wild type. Consequently, extracellular protease activity was elevated about fourfold in the rsuA mutant. The functions of the proteins secreted as a result of σU activity may be important for combating cell envelope stress and modulating morphological differentiation in S. coelicolor.
Recent sedimentation and its relationship with primary productivity in four western Washington lakes1

Studies of scdimentntion processes in four western Washington lakes reveal up to sixfold variations in sedimentation rates over the past 130 years of settlement in the region. These variations in sedimentation can be linked with known changes in land use in the watersheds, cspccially logging, which appears to have accclcrated erosion. Contemporary deposition of phosphorus into profundal sediments is positively correlated with phytoplankton productivity in the four lakes. If a similar relationship existed in the past when sedimentation rates of phosphorus were different, then increases in primary productivity from twofold to fourfold could have occurred in three of the lakes since about 1840. Cultural activities in a lake’s watershed
Acquiring Organizational Legitimacy Through Illegitimate Actions: A Marriage of Institutional and Impression Management Theories

This article links institutional and impression management perspectives in a process model of how controversial and possibly unlawful actions of members of organizations can lead to endorsement and support from key constituencies. This model is grounded in interview, archival, and observational data concerning eight illegitimate actions attributed to members of two social movement organizations. We found that institutional conformity and decoupling illegitimate activities from legitimate structures facilitated spokespersons’ efforts to use impression management tactics that shifted attention away from the controversial actions and toward the socially desirable goals endorsed by broader constituencies. As a result, these organizations used publicity generated by illegitimate actions to obtain endorsement and support from those constituencies. We discuss the implications of the model for other kinds of organizations and derive testable propositions. We also consider implications for institutional and impres...
An Observational Search for the Schuerman Dust Arcs

Large-scale interplanetary dust arcs were predicted by Schuerman (1980) to be associated with the planets. An arc, if one exists, would produce asymmetries on opposite sides of the Gegenschein during the Earth’s two passages through the arc each year. A brief description is given of Gegenschein/arc observing constraints, of future viewing opportunities, and of the results of a test program conducted from Mt. Haleakala, Hawaii, in Jan/Feb I98U when the Earth encountered the arc associated with Saturn.
The Learning Effect of Augmented Reality Training in a Computer-Based Simulation Environment

The purpose of this study was to investigate the learning effect of Augmented Reality (AR) in a computer-based simulation environment for training an operator to interact with a radar screen. The research team developed the AR training system for Anti-Air Warfare Coordinator (AAWC) and the training textbook for the same task. By using these, we compared the performance between a group trained by the AR method and another group trained by the textbook method. 24 undergraduate students in the Junior and Senior levels joined in this experiment. The experiment consisted of two sessions: training session and practice session. During the training session, 12 of the students completed the training lesson by using the AR training (Group A), and the other 12 students completed the training lesson using the AAWC training textbook. To evaluate the performance of AAWC task, we used Situational Awareness Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT). The ANOVA results indicate there was a significant performance difference between Group A and Group B, F (1,12) = 12.29,p < 0.01. Participants who were instructed by the AR training showed higher situation awareness compared to others. It supports the training, which is designed based on AR contents, can provide a positive learning effect in computer-based training simulation.
T cells expressing CD123 chimeric antigen receptors for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Purpose of review The purpose of this article is to discuss the rationale of targeting CD123 using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for the treatment of leukemia. Recent findings CD123 is a leukemia-associated antigen that expresses at high levels in leukemic stem cells and leukemic blasts and low level in normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Immune-based therapies targeting CD123 are being developed. Preclinical data suggest that CD123 CAR T cells exhibit potent antileukemic activity and various impacts on normal hematopoiesis. Summary CD123 is an attractive surface target for novel antileukemic therapies. CD123 CAR T-cell-based immunotherapy is a promising treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.
The decay of memory of cell-mediated cytotoxicity after primary sensitization in vivo against a tumor allograft.

The length of time mice were able to show a secondary cell-mediated response after a tumor allograft was investigated. C57B1/6 mice were inoculated ip with P-815 mastocytoma cells and, at selected time intervals up to 12 months after immunization, spleen cells were placed in MLC in an attempt to generate secondary CTL activity. It. was found, as measured by the 51Cr-release assay, that all mice tested had significant secondary CTL activity 3 months after allograft. The ability to generate a secondary response then decreased with considerable individual variation up to 6 months post-immunization. No significant difference in CTL activity was found between immunized and age-matched control mice 12 months after tumor allograft.
Assessing South Korea’s Globalization Strategy and the International Competitiveness of the Seoul Metropolitan Area

Korea's pursuit of globalization is being driven by its membership in international trade organizations, its international trade agreements, and the need to accelerate exports, its primary source of economic growth . Reforming its international trade regime, however, is only part of what Korea must do to make its corporations more competitive in international markets . National policies must be supported by favorable business conditions in cities and metropolitan areas where industries are located . The "international competitiveness" of the Seoul metropolitan area, together with national economic policies, liberalization of its international trade regime, and the development of agile firms and industries will determine how effectively and how quickly the Korean government achieves its objectives of globalizing Korea's economy and society.
The Face, Ethics, and the Ethos of Cyberspace

This essay deals with four related topics: ethics, the human face, computer communication, and the public sphere of cyberspace. Relating these topics allows us to explore the existential character of this 'virtual' dwelling place (ethos). Emmanuel Levinas's phenomenology of the face provides the philosophical and ethical underpinnings of the essay. A case study of a university's web presence is offered to demonstrate both the strengths and limitations of Levinas's approach. Much is made of how the 'face work' that goes on in cyberspace defines an effort in rhetorical eloquence. The faces created by such eloquence may not be as awe-inspiring as their 'in the flesh' counterparts, but they still have something 'holy' to offer: a trace of alterity, of a fundamental difference whose publicness is never without a private dimension lying forever beyond our grasp.
Morphological and Spectroscopic Studies of Electrochemically Deposited Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) Hole Extraction Layer for Organic Photovoltaic Device (OPVd) Fabrication

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was deposited on ITO surface by cyclic voltammetry from mixed toluene/acetonitrile solvent. Thickness and oxidation state of the layer were monitored by UV−vis−NIR spectroscopy and grazing angle FTIR (GA-FTIR) spectroscopy. Morphology had fibrillar character with roughness and porosity dependent on the thickness of the layer. PEDOT was incorporated into organic photovoltaic cell as a hole extraction layer with spin-coated P3HT−PCBM intrinsic layer without further annealing. Performance of the cell was found to be effected by the morphology of the PEDOT layer. A fully doped PEDOT layer of moderate thickness was found to have the highest efficiency demonstrating an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.48 V, short-circuit current (Isc) of 5.1 mA/cm2, fill factor (FF) of 0.46, and overall efficiency (e) of 1.1%. Electrochemically deposited PEDOT was compared to traditional spin-coated PEDOT−PSS of the same thickness. Although Voc and Isc were the same, a 30% improvement in ...
Temporal uncertainty of reinforcement

Three CSs had a duration of 5 sec. CS+C was always reinforced with shock 1 sec after termination; CS− was never reinforced; and CS+U was reinforced 75% of the trials with reinforcement occurring randomly 1, 3, or 5 sec after CS offset. Mean heart rate increments were: CS+C, 9.7 bpm; CS−, −2.5 bpm; CS+U, 3.8 bpm. Mean leg flexion latencies for CS+C were 2.9 sec, and for CS+U, 4.2 sec. Cardiac URs for CS+U are diminished. Data suggest more resistance to extinction for CS+U.
Fall Dispersal of Green Peach Aphids to Desert Valleys

The green peach aphid, Myzus pcrsicae (Sulzer) and other aphids were caught on traps in passes and near mountain slopes as they were blown inland from coastal or mountainous areas of southern California to the desert agricultural valleys. The aphids arrived through September and October when favored host crops and weeds were germinating. Low populations of parasites and inactivity of predators at this season allow an explosive increase in population.
Production of Penicillinase by Bacteria.

ConclusionsA simple test for the qualitative and quantitative determination of penicillinase produced by bacteria is described. Bacteria capable of producing penicillinase are widely distributed in nature; such organisms vary considerably as to the amount of penicillinase they produce. The possible significance of penicillinase and penicillinase-producing bacteria in relation to penicillin therapy is discussed.
Vacuoles in synovial fluid leukocytes.

Intraleukocytic vacuoles are readily observed in fresh preparations of synovial fluid when they are examined by bright illumination and phase contrast microscopy. They appear as refractile inclusions which do not show birefringence in polarized light. The consistent presence of these inclusions in cells from synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been described by Hollander and associates. These authors reported that 7S and 19S 7-globulins, identifiable by immunofluorescent technics, were present in the inclusions. They were unable to stain the inclusions on the dried slides of synovial fluid. Astorga and Bollet confirmed these findings and also found the inclusions in synovial fluid leukocytes from nonrheumatoid conditions.
Patterns and Predictors of Sleep Quality Within the First Year After Lung Transplantation.

Context:Sleep quality affects health and self-management in chronic illness. Limited research has examined patterns and predictors of sleep quality and its impact on self-management and health-rela...
Research on multi-objective stochastic optimal dispatching method of wind-thermo combined power system

Due to the randomness of wind farms power,a multi-objective stochastic chance constrained programming model of wind-thermo combined system considering unit commitment is presented,minimizing both the fuel cost and emission of polluted gas of thermal generators as objective functions and expressing constraining conditions by probability.In order to avoid frequent starting and shutting of generating set or the system capacity redundancy,a heuristic search tactic combined with the priority list of generating set start and stop is applied to determine the unit commitment states.The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Pareto combined with fuzzy logic evaluation method and stochastic simulation technique is adopted to carry out the economic load distribution for the given generating set.The calculation examples of10 generating sets wind-thermo combined system are used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the suggested dispatching method.The optimized dispatching results indicate:1This model is able to make full use of clean energy,to lower the operation cost of the system,to reduce amount of emission of polluted gas and to improve the comprehensive benefits of power system operation;2This algorithm is of high calculation accuracy and fast speed so as to avoid the disadvantages of the basic particle swarm optimization algorithm that is easy to fall into local optimum.
Implications of Cellular Models of Dopamine Neurons for Schizophrenia

Midbrain dopamine neurons are pacemakers in vitro, but in vivo they fire less regularly and occasionally in bursts that can lead to a temporary cessation in firing produced by depolarization block. The therapeutic efficacy of antipsychotic drugs used to treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia has been attributed to their ability to induce depolarization block within a subpopulation of dopamine neurons. We summarize the results of experiments characterizing the physiological mechanisms underlying the ability of these neurons to enter depolarization block in vitro, and our computational simulations of those experiments. We suggest that the inactivation of voltage-dependent Na(+) channels, and, in particular, the slower component of this inactivation, is critical in controlling entry into depolarization block. In addition, an ether-a-go-related gene (ERG) K(+) current also appears to be involved by delaying entry into and speeding recovery from depolarization block. Since many antipsychotic drugs share the ability to block this current, ERG channels may contribute to the therapeutic effects of these drugs.
Potassium secretion by nonsensory region of gerbil utricle in vitro

The isolated nonsensory region of the gerbil utricle in vitro produced a lumen-positive transepithelial electrical potential difference (VT) of +5.7 mV and a luminal fluid containing 106 mM K when ...
Hierarchical clustering algorithms for heterogeneous energy harvesting wireless sensor networks

WSNs are achieving significance importance in the information and communication technologies with the development of Internet-of-Things (IoT). WSNs are connected with the Internet in many industrial applications. However, energy efficiency is one of the challenging problems in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, an optimized location of cluster heads (CHs) for energy efficiency in a heterogeneous WSN (that consists of few energy harvesting sensors and mostly non-renewable sensors) is studied. LEACH is an effective method for clustering in a homogeneous WSN, consisting solely of non-renewable sensors with uniform energy profile. Our proposed clustering schemes suggest simple and static clustering strategy for a heterogeneous WSN with good harvesting efficiency. The proposed schemes divide the total network covered area into cells, based on different criterion. In regular grid (RG) approach, a CH is simply placed in the center of each cell. Minimax grid (MG) approach attempts to improve the lifetime of the network by placing the CH at the center of the smallest enclosing circle. K-Medoids (KM) approach first divides the network into clusters and then solves a facility location problem to assign the role of CHs to EH sensors. Simulation results show that RG, MG and KM perform better than LEACH in terms of energy consumption, and consequently, increase the lifetime of the network by upto 200% when the harvested energy is available in healthy amounts. The relative improvement of KM and MG over RG is also discussed in this paper.
Anatomy and Surgical Procedures of Liver Transplantation

The liver is a pyramid-shaped organ in the right upper abdominal quadrant beneath the diaphragm, with its base toward the right abdominal wall. It is the largest internal organ in the human body, normally weighing approximately 1500 g. It is surrounded cranially by the diaphragm, to the left by the stomach, to the right by the abdominal wall, caudally by the gallbladder and duodenum, and inferiorly by the right kidney and right colon. The transplantation procedure consists of procurement surgery to remove the organ or partial organ from a deceased or living donor, then another operation to transplant the donor organ to the recipient.
Collecting Ophiocordyceps sinensis : an emerging livelihood strategy in the Garhwal, Indian Himalaya

In the Garhwal of Uttarakhand, India, the Bhotiya, an ethnically and culturally distinct tribal group, were historically engaged in seasonal migration (i.e. transhumance) to take advantage of scarce mountain resources and trade relations with Tibet. This livelihood practice has all but disappeared. Households are adapting to these changing circumstances by engaging in the collection and sale of the valuable alpine medicinal fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis, widely known as Cordyceps. The collection of this fungus has exploded, emerging as a lucrative yet high-risk livelihood strategy for many Bhotiya communities. The Bhotiyas’ historic herding and trade-based interactions and knowledge of these alpine environments where Cordyceps are found uniquely positions them to access this valuable biological resource. Elsewhere in the Himalayan region, some households are earning as much as two-thirds of their income from the collection of Cordyceps; in China Cordyceps is now listed as an endangered species due to intense over-exploitation in the Tibetan Plateau. This paper seeks to fill the void in the scientific literature on the social, ecological and economic aspects of the emerging Cordyceps trade in the Garhwal. Our study investigates the socio-spatial dimensions of Cordyceps collection in the high alpine meadows. We document how a fusion of local knowledge and practice with alpine mountain systems has served to reinvigorate the economic integrity of mountain communities at a time of rapid socio-economic change and to reimagine a new relationship between alpine resources and community well-being. The article offers suggestions to address the sustainability of both Cordyceps collection and livelihood activities which hinge on this fungus population. We find a need for (1) community-based conservation measures that are rooted in (2) secure resource access rights for local communities to continue sustainable collection and sale of Cordyceps and (3) participatory-and science-based processes for determining appropriate local collection numbers.