cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of IL-4- and IL-13-responsive cells.

Severe forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), such as usual interstitial pneumonia, can be impervious to modern steroid and immunosuppressive treatment regimens, thereby emphasizing the need for novel effective therapies. Consequently, research attention has been directed toward understanding the cytokine networks that may affect fibroblast activation and, hence, the progression of certain IIPs. This led us to investigate whether the specific targeting of resident lung cells responsive to IL-4 and IL-13 exerted a therapeutic effect in an experimental model of IIP, namely the bleomycin-induced model of pulmonary fibrosis. IL-4, IL-13, and their corresponding receptor subunits, IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1, and IL-13Rα2, were maximally expressed at the mRNA and protein levels in whole lung samples on day 21 or 28 after an intratracheal bleomycin challenge. The intranasal administration of an IL-13 immunotoxin chimeric molecule (IL13-PE) from days 21–28, but not for 1-wk periods at earlier times, after bleomycin challenge had a significant therapeutic effect on histological and biochemical parameters of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis compared with the control group. The intranasal IL13-PE therapy significantly reduced the numbers of IL-4 and IL-13 receptor-positive mononuclear cells and macrophages and the levels of profibrotic cytokine and chemokine in the lungs of bleomycin-challenged mice on day 28. Thus, this study demonstrates that IL-4- and/or IL-13-binding cells are required for the maintenance of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and highlights the importance of further investigation of antifibrotic therapeutics that target these cells during pulmonary fibrosis.
Mercury Resistance in a Plasmid-Bearing Strain of Escherichia coli

A strain of Escherichia coli carrying genes determining mercury resistance on a naturally occurring resistance transfer factor (RTF) converts 95% of 10−5m Hg2+ (chloride) to metallic mercury at a rate of 4 to 5 nmoles of Hg2+ per min per 108 cells. The metallic mercury is rapidly eliminated from the culture medium as mercury vapor. The volatilizing activity has a temperature dependence and heat sensitivity characteristic of enzymatic catalysis and is inducible by mercuric chloride. Ag+ and Au3+ are markedly inhibitory of mercury volatilization.
Sustainability is not enough

This paper critically reviews the concept of sustainability, especially as it has come to be applied outside of environmental goals. It suggests “sustainability” should not be considered as a goal for a housing or urban programme – many bad programmes are sustainable – but as a constraint whose absence may limit the usefulness of a good programme. It also discusses how the promotion of “sustainability” may simply encourage the sustaining of the unjust status quo and how the attempt to suggest that everyone has common interests in “sustainable urban development” masks very real conflicts of interest.
Kinetics of Copper CVD Using Solution Delivery of Cu ( hfac ) 2 and Isopropanol

We have measured the growth kinetics and film properties for copper chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using Cu(hfac) 2 dissolved in isopropanol as the precursor delivery method. Growth rates are similar to those reported using reactant evaporation as the delivery method, despite operating with a much lower partial pressure of Cu(hfac) 2 in the reactor. The reaction kinetics are first-order with respect to precursor partial pressure and zero-order with respect to isopropanol. Film morphology suggests that growth occurs via three-dimensional cluster formation (i.e., a Volmer-Weber process). Resistivity deviates above the bulk value for films thinner than 0.1 μm and may be attributed mainly to electron scattering from surface roughness. We propose a minimal parameter series reaction mechanism that can account for the present kinetic behavior, as well as previous results using higher precursor partial pressure.
Methamphetamine abuse and dentistry.

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive powerful stimulant that increases wakefulness and physical activity and produces other effects including cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, hallucinations, and violent behavior. The prevalence of methamphetamine use is estimated at 35 million people worldwide and 10.4 million people in the United States. In the United States, the prevalence of methamphetamine use is beginning to decline but methamphetamine trafficking and use are still significant problems. Dental patients who abuse methamphetamine can present with poor oral hygiene, xerostomia, rampant caries (‘Meth mouth’), and excessive tooth wear. Dental management of methamphetamine users requires obtaining a thorough medical history and performing a careful oral examination. The most important factor in treating the oral effects of methamphetamine is for the patient to stop using the drug. Continued abuse will make it difficult to increase salivary flow and hinder the patient’s ability to improve nutrition and oral hygiene. Local anesthetics with vasoconstrictors should be used with care in patients taking methamphetamine because they may result in cardiac dysrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular accidents. Thus, dental management of patients who use methamphetamine can be challenging. Dentists need to be aware of the clinical presentation and medical risks presented by these patients.
Measures of feeling-of-knowing accuracy: A new look at an old problem

Two ordinal measures of feeling-of-knowing performance appropriate for n × n data arrays are reviewed. Goodman and Kruskal's gamma provides a measure of association between recognition performance and feeling-of-knowing judgements. The Hamann coefficient provides a measure of agreement accuracy. The relative strengths and weaknesses of each measure are compared at length. A proof is provided, which reveals a lack of one-to-one relation between the two and suggests that they may be independent under most circumstances. It is concluded that both measures should be reported together as complementary indices as each captures a different facet of feeling-of-knowing performance. Alternative measures for gamma and the Hamann coefficient are considered and a number of recommendations are made for future research. Language: en
Quality of web search quantification, standardization and representation

Web search engines are one of the most widely used applications on the Internet. Still there are no metric or scales to quantitatively determine the quality of web search. Existing result-display approaches adopted by the search engines are limited to hierarchical listing and clustering of result entries. Such practice of information representation does not tell anything about the quality of search which necessitates the exercise of manual skimming of results entries by the users. In this paper, we are invoking the need of a metric for Quality of Web Search (QoWS), and we are presenting a theoretical framework to measure, quantify and visually represent the quality. QoWS model adds another dimension to search engine personalization.
Tregs in corneal health and disease

Summary This symposium will focus on the complex network of cells and molecular mechanisms that regulate immunity in the cornea and ocular surface. Talks will focus on the phenotype and function of corneal and ocular surface antigen-presenting cells in heath and disease; the immunopathogenesis and regulation of allergic eye disease; the myriad functions of nerves in maintaining immune homeostasis in the ocular surface; and T cell regulatory mechanisms that maintain immune privilege and how they be subverted in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Those attending the symposium should achieve a greater in-depth understanding of how immune cells, epithelial cells, and nerves interface to regulate immunity in the anterior segment of the eye.
The Future of Defamation in Illinois after Colson v. Steig and Capski v. Copley Press, Incorporated

This article, by Linda A. Malone and Rodney A. Smolla, looks at the unique future of defamation in Illinois. The Illinois Supreme Court decisions in Colson v. Steig and Chapski v. Copley Press, Inc. protect speakers from liability against defamation by being committed to free expression.
A photonic RF jamming avoidance response system bio-inspired by Eigenmannia

A photonic system capable of mimicking the neuronal processing algorithm of a electrolocating fish — Eigenmannia, is designed and demonstrated, providing a potential solution to jamming issue due to spectral scarcity in wireless communication systems.
Temperature-Dependent Pathogenicity of the X-Disease Mycoplasma-Like Organism to its Vector, Paraphlepsius irroratus (Homoptera: Cicadellidae

The effect of the X-disease mycoplasma-like organism (MLO) on the longevity of Paraphlepsius irroratus (Say) was investigated at four fluctuating temperatures averaging 15, 20, 25, and 30°C. The X-disease MLO in diseased leafhoppers was assayed with a radiolabeled cDNA probe. At the two lower temperatures, the X-disease MLO is pathogenic to P. irroratus . At 15 and 20°C, healthy leafhoppers lived 62 ± 16 ($\bar x$ ± SE) and 52 ± 22 d, respectively, whereas X-diseased leafhoppers lived 35 ± 21 and 23 ± 9 d, respectively. In the 25–30°C temperature range, MLO pathogenicity was masked by the temperature effect on leafhopper survival. At 25 and 30°C, longevity of healthy leafhoppers was 15 ± 9 and 7 ± 3 d, respectively, whereas X-diseased leafhoppers lived 14 ± 4 and 7 ± 4 days, respectively. Below 20°C, the MLO accounted for a 32% reduction in leafhopper longevity compared with <6% above 25°C. The MLO acquisition ranged from 32.4 to 36.9% with no difference ( P ≤ 0.05) between temperature regimes.
Differential stress-holo-interferometry

In displacement analysis of opaque bodies using holographic interferometry, it is a common practice to record one hologram of the body at some arbitrary load and then to increase the load and record a second hologram on the same photographic plate. The fringes in the reconstructed image correspond to the change in the displacement occurring between the two exposures. A new technique for photoelastic analysis based on this same idea will be presented. This technique, to be referred to as differential stress-holo-interferometry, has several advantages over existing techniques. Using vector-algebra methods, the general intensity equations for a double-exposure hologram of a photoelastic model in which neither of the holograms is of the unstressed model is developed. In general the resulting interferogram is difficult to interpret; however, for selected types and levels of loading, a pattern which is easily interpreted results. It is shown that the isochromatic fringes in these patterns are more precisely defined than those in a conventional double-exposed hologram of a photoelastic model. In addition, the new technique offers the advantages of increased fringe visibility, isochromatic-fringe multiplication, and an aid for the determination of the isochromatic-fringe order. Finally, for certain types of models, a technique for producing an interferogram in which the isochromatics and isopachics are completely independent and the isopachics do not undergo a half-order-fringe shift is demonstrated.
Design of Security and Stability Control Device Based on IEC 61850

Based on the characteristics of digital substation equipments, the security and stability control technology implemented in digital substations is compared with that implemented in conventional substations in aspects such as information acquisition method, control mode and means of communication. A security and stability control device based on the IEC 61850 standard is developed according to the requirements of digital substations. The system architecture, hardware platform and software structure of the device are introduced. The field programmable gate array (FPGA) based algorithm for computing electric quantities in real-time is described. Experimental results show that the real-time performance and computation accuracy are superior to those of conventional methods. The advantage of computation accuracy is more evident under the condition when the system frequency deviates from the fundamental frequency of 50 Hz.
The Baby in the Gas Mask: Motherhood, Wartime Technology, and the Gendered Division Between the Fronts During and After the First World War

In 1916, Marie Donnay published La Parisienne et la Guerre in order to pay tribute to the contributions of Parisian women to the war effort. Like many such efforts, this small pamphlet aimed to record and promote the accomplishments made by real French women and girls to war work. She called attention to the ‘sublime’ efforts of mothers who sacrificed their sons and to all women who helped France endure, even though they could not engage directly in military action on behalf of their beloved nation. In the same short text, Donnay also highlighted one of the war’s new heroines, 13-year-old Denise Cartier, who asked those caring for her not to tell her mother that her injuries were serious, despite being gravely wounded by an aerial attack upon Paris in September 1914. Thus, in the early years of the war, Donnay witnessed a transformation in women’s relationship to war and the toll exacted specifically upon them. Owing to military technology such as air power, women no longer experienced war merely through damage done to other bodies, through sacrificing their sons. As the example of young Denise Cartier illustrated, wartime technology now brought war home to injure the female population — women and children — directly, well beyond the battle lines.1
Handbook of oncology social work: Psychosocial care for people with cancer.

Social workers are central to the provision of expert and compassionate care to patients with cancer. As advances in cancer treatment provide these patients with greater longevity, the need for spe...
An Overview Of Cognitive Psychology

It seems reasonable to say that cognitive psychology, the branch of Psychology that concerns itself with the acquisition and use of knowledge in processing information, has assumed a position of considerable influence in the discipline over the last two decades. There are, without doubt, many reasons for cognitive psychology having emerged as a driving force in much of our work. Among these reasons, I am inclined to emphasize methodology. Problems of inference, language, problem solving, and a variety of other human intellectual functions, have been addressed with at least modest success, by the methods of cognitive psychology, which have been expanded well beyond those used in earlier eras, particularly behavioristic psychology. Moreover, cognitive psychology’s emphasis on the central role of knowledge structures and processes on information processing has provided a more satisfactory account of performance in both laboratory and non-laboratory tasks than was heretofore possible.
The wishful thinking of indirect mitral annuloplasty: will it ever become a reality?

During the past 3 decades, there have been major advances in our understanding of mitral valve function and its pathophysiology. This has led to the development of very creative and effective surgical techniques for the repair of the mitral valve. Article see p 277 Currently, the clinical benefits of mitral regurgitation treatment by surgical mitral valve repair techniques are similar to those of mitral valve replacement. However, mortality is significantly lower after mitral valve repair than after valve replacement (0.2% versus 2.1%, P =0.001).1 Reoperation after mitral valve repair is rare (4.7%). Half of the small number of patients who require reoperation for valve-related problems undergo reoperation within 19 days of the original surgery. Of all reoperations, late reoperation occurs in 58%, at a median of 5.4 years. Mitral valve replacement was performed in 64% of all reoperations. Ten years after the second operation, the incidence of a third surgery was 7%.2 Despite these good results, mitral repair is performed in less than one third of the US patients undergoing mitral valve surgery.3,4 The surgical experience with mitral valve repair has shown that to achieve a successful and lasting result, mitral annuloplasty is required; this is especially true for repair of functional mitral regurgitation. Choosing the correct size and shape of the mitral annulus ring to be used for any …
Mesoscale Validation of Simplifying Assumptions for Modeling the Plastic Deformation of Fluid-Saturated Porous Material

Mesoscale simulation of fluid-saturated porous materials is used to investigate unvalidated assumptions in continuum modeling of geomaterials at high rates. The importance of pressure-dependence of the matrix material on the applicability of the effective-stress approach during plastic deformation is explored. The hydrostatic load-unload response of saturated porous structures having both pressure-dependent and pressure-independent matrix materials is modeled using the material point method. Results are used to validate a semi-empirical strain-to-yield effective-stress model in which the pore pressure evolves with local material deformation, an approach that is applicable to materials with closed porosity or those loaded at sufficiently high rates that fluid transport can be neglected. Mesoscale simulations are used to estimate the strain rates beyond which fluid flow through the matrix can be neglected.
Natural, Artifactual, and Moral Goodness

In Natural Goodness, Philippa Foot (2001) aims to provide an account of moral evaluation that is both naturalistic and cognitivist. She argues that moral evaluation is a variety of natural evaluation in the sense that moral judgments of human action and character have the same “grammar” or “conceptual structure” as natural judgments of the goodness (e.g., health) of plants and animals. We argue that Foot’s naturalist project can succeed, but not in the way she envisions, because her central thesis that moral evaluation is a variety of natural evaluation is not entirely correct. We show that both moral and natural evaluation are species of kind evaluation, which encompasses moral, natural, and artifact evaluation. Kind evaluation is a form of evaluation, according to which things are evaluated qua members of a kind, in such a way that the kind into which something is classified informs the standards of evaluation (or norms) for things of that kind. Because the source of the normative standards for moral evaluation is different from the source of the normative standards for natural evaluation, moral evaluation is not a species of natural evaluation. However, both are varieties of kind evaluation. This account of moral evaluation as a variety of kind evaluation is still an effective response to non-naturalism and to non-cognitivism.
A prognostic mutation panel for predicting cancer recurrence in stages II and III colorectal cancer.

Background and Objectives Approximately 20-40% of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients develop relapse. Clinicopathological factors alone are limited in detecting these patients, resulting in potential under/over-treatment. We sought to identify a prognostic tumor mutational profile that could predict CRC recurrence. Methods Whole-exome sequencing data were obtained for 207 patients with stage II/III CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Mutational landscape in relapse-free versus relapsed cohort was compared using Fisher's exact test, followed by multivariate Cox regression to identify genes associated with cancer recurrence. Bootstrap-validation was used to examine internal/external validity. Results We identified five prognostic genes (APAF1, DIAPH2, NTNG1, USP7, and VAV2), which were combined to form a prognostic mutation panel. Patients with ≥1 mutation(s) within this five-gene panel had worse prognosis (3-yr relapse-free survival [RFS]: 53.0%), compared to patients with no mutation (3-yr RFS: 84.3%). In multivariate analysis, the five-gene panel remained prognostic for cancer recurrence independent of stage and high-risk features (hazard ratio 3.63, 95%CI [1.93-6.83], P < 0.0001). Furthermore, its prognostic accuracy was superior to the American Joint Commission on Cancer classification (concordance-index: 0.70 vs 0.54). Conclusions Our proposed mutation panel identifies CRC patients at high-risk for recurrence, which may help guide adjuvant therapy and post-operative surveillance protocols.
Is Fibre an Effective Strategy to Improve Laxation in Long-Term Care Residents?

The high prevalence of constipation in long-term care (LTC) residents has been a long-standing issue for caregivers, attending health professionals, and the residents themselves. The traditional medical response has been to utilize pharmaceutical laxatives, enemas, and suppositories for treatment. The purpose of this review was to determine if fibre supplementation (including fibre added to foods) is effective in increasing stool frequency, improving stool consistency, and decreasing laxative use in LTC residents. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL databases, inclusive to March 2017. Search terms included: “long-term care” or “nursing home” AND “fiber (fibre),” “bran,” “psyllium,” “inulin,” or “prebiotic.” Intervention trials of fibre supplementation with ≥5 LTC residents were included. The search generated 456 articles following removal of duplicates; 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Three additional trials were identified through a hand search of references of pertinent artic...
The Development of Regional Dialect Locality Judgments and Language Attitudes Across the Life Span

The development of language attitudes and perception of talker regional background was investigated across the life span (N = 240, age range = 4–75 years). Participants rated 12 talkers on dimensions of geographic locality, status, and solidarity. Children could classify some dialects by locality by age 6–7 years and showed adult-like patterns by age 8 years. Children showed adult-like status ratings for some dialects by age 4–5 years but were not fully adult-like until age 12 years. Solidarity ratings were more variable and did not exhibit a clear developmental trajectory, although some adult-like patterns were in place by age 6–7 years. Locality ratings were a significant but modest predictor of attitude ratings, suggesting that geographic knowledge is one contributor to language attitudes throughout development.
A multi-functional inspection robot for civil infrastructure evaluation and maintenance

Satisfactory operation of civil infrastructure is of critical importance to an economy. In order to maintain performance, infrastructure needs to be properly maintained. Inspecting infrastructure is inherently labor-intensive work and costly. In this paper, we propose a solution to cost-effective infrastructure inspection by developing a multi-functional inspection robot. The robot is equipped with several state-of-the-art non-destructive evaluation (NDE) sensors to perform inspection. The robot is able to perform selected inspection methods in certain areas based on multiple sensor data fusion. With this, the overall inspection time is reduced, which in turn reduces maintenance cost. An inspection framework based on multiple NDE data sensor fusion is proposed. Detailed discussions include robot design, robot navigation and sensor data fusion.
Non-Standard Analysis

1. As early as 1934 it was pointed out by Thoralf Skolem (see [17]) that there exist proper extensions of the natural number system which have, in some sense, ‘the same properties’ as the natural numbers. The title of Skolem’s paper indicates that the purpose of it was to show that no axiomatic system specified in a formal language, in Skolem’s case the lower predicate calculus, can characterize the natural numbers categorically. At that time, however, Skolem did not concern himself with the properties of the structures whose existence he had established. In due course these structures became known as non-standard models of arithmetic. For nearly thirty years since the appearance of Skolem’s paper non-standard models were not used or considered in any sense by the working mathematician. Robinson’s fundamental paper, which appeared in 1961 under the title ‘Non-standard Analysis’, (see [11]) changed this situation dramatically. In this paper Abraham Robinson was the first to point out that this highly abstract part of model theory could be applied fruitfully to a theory so far removed from it as the infinitesimal calculus. As a result Robinson obtained a firm foundation for the non-archimedian approach to the calculus based on a number system containing infinitely small and infinitely large numbers, in a manner almost identical to that suggested by Leibniz some three centuries ago, and which predominated the calculus until the middle of the nineteenth century when it was rejected as unsound and replaced by the ϵ, δ-method of Weierstrass.
Monte Carlo simulations in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble: use of a ‘shell’ particle for simulating polyatomic fluids

ABSTRACTThe recent reformulation of the isothermal-isobaric ensemble requires the use of a ‘shell’ particle to define uniquely the volume of the system, thereby avoiding the redundant counting of c...
RuPaul realness: the neoliberal resignification of ballroom discourse

This article investigates the semiotic phenomenon of “realness,” specifically its meaning and usage in the US ballroom scene versus popular media texts including RuPaul’s Drag Race and extending to...
Progressivism, Commerce, and the Triumph of Machine Civilization

The period of the eighteenth and nineteenth century involved an unprecedented revolution in both human thought and human life. These changes can be placed under the three rubrics of the idea of progress, the valorization of commerce, and the rise of the machine. Historically, the great civilizations including the West have looked to the past, to ancestral traditions as the reference point for its ideals. During the period however drawing on both the Judeo-Christian tradition of linear history, as well as the Baconian idea of technical advancement and mastery of nature, a new progressive form of civilization emerges which orients itself toward a future presumed to be better than the past. Likewise, Western civilization since classical antiquity subordinated the useful activities of commerce and business as well as mechanical arts (technology), to the noble or liberal arts. This period upended this conception by valorizing commerce as precisely an instrument of both economic benefit and technological advancement. These changes were stimulated by, and in turn stimulated the birth of a machine civilization which prioritizes technical advancements and in no small degree mechanizes human existence, culminating in our own digital age. Thinkers like Berdyaev and Heidegger by contrast wonder if rather technology has passed beyond human control and is recreating human existence in the visage of the machine.
Risk Factors in Work Zone Safety Events: A Naturalistic Driving Study Analysis:

Identification of crash risk factors and enhancing safety at work zones is a major priority for transportation agencies. There is a critical need for collecting comprehensive data related to work z...
Thread-Lifts: A Double-Edged Suture? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

BACKGROUNDThread-lifting has experienced a recent surge in popularity as interest in minimally invasive techniques for facial rejuvenation continues to grow. By placing barbed sutures along specific trajectories to lift the superficial musculoaponeurotic system to address facial ptosis, thread-lifti
Multiple-Valence Aluminum and the Electronic and Geometric Structure of AlnOm Clusters

Electronic stability in aluminum clusters is typically associated with either closed electronic shells of delocalized electrons or a +3 oxidation state of aluminum. To investigate whether there are alternative routes toward electronic stability in aluminum oxide clusters, we used theoretical methods to examine the geometric and electronic structure of Al nO m (2 ≤ n ≤ 7; 1 ≤ m ≤ 10) clusters. Electronically stable clusters with large HOMO-LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) gaps were identified and could be grouped into two categories. (1) Al2 nO3 n clusters with a +3 oxidation state on the aluminum and (2) planar clusters including Al4O4, Al5O3, Al6O5, and Al6O6. The structures of the planar clusters have external Al atoms bound to a single O atom. Their electronic stability is explained by the multiple-valence Al sites, with the internal Al atoms having an oxidation state of +3, whereas the external Al atoms have an oxidation state of +1.
Application of a model-based recursive partitioning algorithm to predict crash frequency.

Abstract Count regression models have been applied widely in traffic safety research to estimate expected crash frequencies on road segments. Data mining algorithms, such as classification and regression trees, have recently been introduced into the field to overcome some of the assumptions associated with statistical models. However, these data-driven algorithms usually provide non-parametric output, making it difficult to draw statistical inference or to evaluate how independent variables are associated with expected crash frequencies. In this paper, the model-based recursive partitioning (MOB) algorithm is applied in a crash frequency application. The algorithm incorporates the concept of recursive partitioning data in tree models and develops user-defined statistical models as outputs. The objective of this paper is to explore the potential of the MOB algorithm as a methodological alternative to parametric modeling methods in crash frequency analysis. To accomplish the objective, a standard negative binomial (NB) regression model, a NB model developed using the MOB algorithm, adjusted NB models which incorporate variables identified by the MOB algorithm, and a random parameters NB model are compared using 8 years of data collected from two-lane rural highways in Pennsylvania. The models are compared in terms of data fitness, sign and magnitude of statistical association between the independent and dependent variables, and predictive power. The results show that the MOB-NB model yields better data fitness than other NB models, and provides similar performance to the RPNB model, suggesting that the MOB-NB model may be capturing unobserved heterogeneity by dividing the data into subgroups. The presence of a passing zone and posted speed limit are two covariates identified by the MOB algorithm that differentiate variable effects among subgroups. In addition, the MOB-NB model provides the highest prediction accuracy based on the training and test data sets, although the difference among models is small. The comparison results reveal that the MOB algorithm is a promising alternative to identify covariates, evaluate variable associations and instability, and make predictions in a crash frequency context.
Homelessness experiences and gender identity in a population-based sample of adolescents.

Abstract This paper examines the prevalence of homelessness among transgender/gender diverse (TGD) youth in a population-based sample of adolescents. We used data from a statewide sample of 9th and 11th grade adolescents in Minnesota who responded to a school-based survey during 2016 (N = 80,929). Survey questions assessed adolescents' gender identity and experiences of homelessness (either with adult family members or unaccompanied) in the past 12 months. We used chi-square analyses to compare the prevalence of homelessness between gender identity groups. Overall, 2.7% of the sample reported identifying as TGD. Significantly more TGD (vs. cisgender) youth reported experiencing homelessness either with adult family members (6.7% vs. 3.5%) or unaccompanied (3.6% vs. 1.1%; p
Labeling circulating tumor cells with a folate receptor targeted probe for diffuse in-vivo flow cytometry

Diffuse in-vivo Flow Cytometry is a new method to enumerate fluorescently-labeled circulating tumor cells in-vivo. Herein, we investigated the use of a folate receptor-targeted fluorescence probe EC17 for labeling of target cells in the bloodstream.
Risk-Averse Equilibrium for Games.

The term rational has become synonymous with maximizing expected payoff in the definition of the best response in Nash setting. In this work, we consider stochastic games in which players engage only once, or at most a limited number of times. In such games, it may not be rational for players to maximize their expected payoff as they cannot wait for the Law of Large Numbers to take effect. We instead define a new notion of a risk-averse best response, that results in a risk-averse equilibrium (RAE) in which players choose to play the strategy that maximizes the probability of them being rewarded the most in a single round of the game rather than maximizing the expected received reward, subject to the actions of other players. We prove the risk-averse equilibrium to exist in all finite games and numerically compare its performance to Nash equilibrium in finite-time stochastic games.
Dietary self-monitoring is associated with increased likelihood of problematic alcohol use among college students.

Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary self-monitoring and problematic alcohol use including binge drinking, increased body confidence while drinking, and restricting food intake to ...
Robotic Bureaucracy and Administrative Burden: What Are the Effects of Universities’ Computer Automated Research Grants Management Systems?

Abstract Our paper seeks to understand effects of computerized approaches to university research grants and contracts management, especially impacts on administrative burden. Ours is a multi-method paper, including interviews with academic researchers but focuses chiefly on participant-observer research, using hundreds of our own emails from two projects located at two different universities. We find that robotic emails have complex effects and that their utility pertains to researchers' familiarity with the systems and compliance requirements, the clarity of administrative requests, the extent and location of staff support, and the interaction of personal work habits with system requirements. We provide suggestions for improving automated research administration.
Practical gradient non-linearity correction of multi-site diffusion weighted MRI with empirical field maps

Background: Achieving inter-site / inter-scanner reproducibility of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) metrics has been challenging given differences in acquisition protocols, analysis models, and hardware factors. Purpose: Gradient fields impart scanner-dependent spatial variations in the applied diffusion weighting that can be corrected if the gradient non-linearities are known. However, retrieving manufacturer non-linearity specifications is not well supported and may introduce errors in interpretation of units or coordinate systems. We propose an empirical approach to mapping the gradient nonlinearities with sequences that are supported across the major scanner vendors. Study Type: Prospective observational study Subjects: Two diffusion phantoms (High Precision Devices diffusion phantom and a custom isotropic phantom), five human control volunteers. Field Strength/Sequence: 3T (three scanners). Stejskal-Tanner spin echo sequence with b-values of 1000, 2000 s/mm2 with 12 and 32 diffusion gradient directions per shell. Assessment: We compare the proposed correction with the prior approach using manufacturer specifications against typical diffusion pre-processing pipelines (i.e., ignoring spatial gradient non-linearities). In phantom data, we evaluate metrics against the ground truth. In human and phantom data, we evaluate reproducibility across scans, sessions, and hardware. Statistical Tests: Wilcoxon rank-sum test between uncorrected and corrected data. Results: In phantom data, our correction method reduces variation in metrics across sessions over uncorrected data (p
T-Cell-Mediated Immunity against B-Cell Malignancies: Preclinical Results and Translation into a Novel Immunotherapeutic Approach for B-Cell Malignancies

The paucity of a clinically significant immune response to B cell malignancies is striking. Although expressing MHC class I and II molecules, these cells seem to lack the capability to serve as efficient tumor-antigen presenting cells to induce a tumor-specific T cell mediated immune response. Evidence from in vitro studies suggest that the paucity of a clinically relevant T cell mediated immune response is due to numerous defects in antigen presentation by the malignant B cells, expression of immunosuppressive factors in the tumor micro-environment and defects in T cell activation and effector function. A novel approach to overcome these defects is to modify the malignant B cells in vitro by CD40 activation in the presence of IL-4. These CD40-activated B cells are now very potent APCs and can be used to prime autologous T cells. A clinical application of this approach, vaccination with CD40-activated lymphoma cells, will be discussed.
Clinicopathologic Determinants of Survival in Monomorphic Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphoma (MEITL): Analysis of a Pooled Database

Introduction: MEITL is a rare and rapidly progressive extranodal T-cell lymphoma that arises from the intestinal intraepithelial T lymphocytes. Established in the 2016 WHO classification, this entity was carved out of what was previously known as type 2 enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. MEITL usually affects the young-old and is not associated with celiac disease. We conducted this analysis to explore the clinicopathologic determinants of survival in this newly established T-cell entity. Methods: In order to study the demographic characteristics, molecular and immunohistochemical signatures, therapeutic interventions, survival, and prognostic factors, we compiled a pooled database of 116 cases. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. Cox proportional-hazards model and Log-rank tests were used to assess the influence of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 116 patients with confirmed MEITL were identified. The median age was 59.5 years with a peak incidence between ages 56 and 68. There was a male predominance with M:F ratio of 2. The jejunum was the most commonly involved site (71%). Median OS of the whole group was 11 months. The most common presentations were abdominal pain, followed by perforation, diarrhea, and weight loss. The majority presented at stages I&II (78%). The median duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 4 months. Compared to no treatment, combination chemotherapy and stem cell transplant (SCT) were statistically superior with a median OS of 2, 9, and 34 months respectively (p=0.0005). Further analysis revealed that surgical resection imparted a survival advantage on its own and in conjunction with combination chemotherapy and SCT. When surgical resection was incorporated in the analysis, median OS amounted to 2, 5, 7, 11, 13, 24 months for no treatment, surgery alone, chemotherapy, surgery+chemotherapy, SCT, and surgery+SCT respectively (p=0.0015). The quality of response to treatment also seemed to impact the outcome (p=0.0005) with median OS of 6, 36, and 60 months for none/transient, PR, and CR respectively. OS was not impacted by sex, presentation with obstruction or perforation, or anatomic site involvement. While older age, weight loss, and TCRγδ seemed to negatively impact OS, they did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: This study presents an updated clinicopathologic data from a pooled cohort of patients with MEITL. It identifies quality of response, treatment modalities as well as surgical resection as major determinants of OS in this rare disease. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
(Hexamethylbenzene)Ru catalysts for the Aldehyde-Water Shift reaction

The Aldehyde-Water Shift (AWS) reaction uses H2O as a benign oxidant to convert aldehydes to carboxylic acids, producing H2, a valuable reagent and fuel, as its sole byproduct. (Hexamethylbenzene)RuII complexes are demonstrated to have higher activity and selectivity (up to 95%) for AWS over disproportionation than previously reported catalysts.
Big data analytics: The case of the social security administration

Public agencies are investing significant resources in big data analytics to mine valuable information, predict future outcomes, and make data-driven decisions. In order to foster a strong understanding of the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of big data analytics in the public sphere, we analyze various efforts undertaken by the United States Social Security Administration (SSA). The SSA, which is commonly referred to as the "face of the government", collects, manages, and curates large volumes of data to provide Social Security services to US citizens and beneficiaries living abroad. The agency has made great strides in the burgeoning big data space to improve administration and delivery of services. This has included: (1) improving its arcane legacy system, (2) developing employee and end-user capability, (3) implementing data management strategies and organizational architecture, (4) managing security and privacy issues, and (5) advocating for increased investment in big data analytics. Despite these efforts, the SSA is still in the early stages of developing capability in the domain of big data analytics. By outlining challenges and opportunities facing the SSA, we discuss policy implications and explore issues to consider when public agencies begin to develop their capacity to analyze big data.
Trinitarian charity: Aquinas and Lombard on charity and the Holy Spirit

This paper examines Aquinas’ reception of Peter Lombard's disputed thesis that the charity with which we love God and neighbour is not a virtue, but rather the Holy Spirit himself. Through a close reading of the four passages where Aquinas engages directly with the thesis, I show how this reception evolved over the course of his career, such that he gradually came to incorporate the trinitarian insight underlying Lombard's thesis into his doctrine of created charity. Although this doctrine is often viewed as an outright rejection of Lombard's thesis, I argue that it is in fact a substantial development of it that was made possible by Aquinas’ assimilation of Aristotelian naturalism.
Changes of muscle function and size with bedrest.

The impact of a short-term head-down bedrest on the skeletal-muscle function of humans was investigated in healthy males subjected (after five days of control period) to 30-day 6-deg head-down bed rest (BR) followed by a five-day recovery period. It was found that the head-down BR led to a decrease in force developed by the knee extensor muscle group during maximal voluntary efforts, with the average reduction of 21 percent across the speeds of concentric and eccentric muscle action. Significant decreases were also found in the cross-sectional areas of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers of the vastus lateralis.
Impacts of dance on non-motor symptoms, participation, and quality of life in Parkinson disease and healthy older adults

Evidence indicates exercise is beneficial for motor and non-motor function in older adults and people with chronic diseases including Parkinson disease (PD). Dance may be a relevant form of exercise in PD and older adults due to social factors and accessibility. People with PD experience motor and non-motor symptoms, but treatments, interventions, and assessments often focus more on motor symptoms. Similar non-motor symptoms also occur in older adults. While it is well-known that dance may improve motor outcomes, it is less clear how dance affects non-motor symptoms. This review aims to describe the effects of dance interventions on non-motor symptoms in older adults and PD, highlights limitations of the literature, and identifies opportunities for future research. Overall, intervention parameters, study designs, and outcome measures differ widely, limiting comparisons across studies. Results are mixed in both populations, but evidence supports the potential for dance to improve mood, cognition, and quality of life in PD and healthy older adults. Participation and non-motor symptoms like sleep disturbances, pain, and fatigue have not been measured in older adults. Additional well-designed studies comparing dance and exercise interventions are needed to clarify the effects of dance on non-motor function and establish recommendations for these populations.
Non-glycosylated tandem repeats of MUC1 facilitate attachment of breast tumor cells to normal human lung tissue and immobilized extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) in vitro : Potential role in metastasis

MUC1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein abundantly expressed on the apical surface of human ductal epithelial cells and over entire cell surface of tumors originating from those cells. It is 300 to 500 nm long and has a rigid, rod-like structure protruding from the cell surface. MUC1 expressed by normal cells has heavily O-glycosylated tandem repeat domain while MUC1 on malignant cells is aberrantly O-glycosylated. Substantially reduced (aberrant) glycosylation of the tandem repeat region of tumor MUC1 results in uncovering of the polypeptide core. This new structural feature may play an important role in the attachment of metastasizing tumor cells to tissues at distant sites. We show that MDA-MB-231 cells attaching to the immobilized extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) are higher MUC1 expressers than those non-attaching and that the attachment is inhibited by the addition of non-glycosylated, MUC1 peptide. This 100 a.a. peptide composed of 5 tandem repeats from the tandem repeat domain mimics the forms of MUC1 found in ascites fluid of cancer patients. We also show that this synthetic form of MUC1 inhibited attachment of breast tumor cells to sections of normal human lung tissue and immobilized ECM. We did not find correlation between the expression of Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr) epitope and the ability of tumor cells to adhere to the immobilized ECM. These results indicate that the non-glycosylated form of MUC1 plays a role in the initial attachment of carcinoma cells to tissues at distant sites, which may facilitate establishment of metastatic foci.
C-Mod cryo-pump design evaluation

This paper covers in detail the design and analysis of the new cryo-pump for the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. We focus on detailing the work done to ensure that the cryopump meets all of the technical requirements for this project. In particular, the following topics will be discussed: calculation of cryo-pump pumping speed, sizing of the helium tube, boiling heat transfer of liquid helium inside the tube, cryo-pump protective shelf design/support, design of the supports for the cryo-pump and its components, heat loss thru the supports for the helium tube, number of cryo-pump sections for the ease of installation, cryogenic system design, installation procedure, experiments to qualify the new cryo pump.
Distributed Arry Query and Visualization for High Performance Fortran

This paper describes the design and implementation of the Distributed Array Query and Visualization (DAQV) system for High Performance Fortran, a project sponsored by the Parallel Tools Consortium. DAQV's implementation utilizes the HPF language, compiler, and runtime system to address the general problem of providing high-level access to distributed data structures. DAQV supports a framework in which visualization and analysis clients connect to a distributed array server (i.e., the HPF application with DAQV control) for programlevel access to array values. Implementing key components of DAQV in HPF itself has led to a robust and portable solution.