cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
RAS: a regional analysis system integrated with ARC/INFO

Abstract RAS is a spatial data analysis system integrated with ARC/INFO, in which we combine spatial data analytical techniques with GIS visual techniques to provide a flexible and convenient tool in regional studies. In this paper, we introduce some traditional spatial statistical analysis techniques such as the Moran I, as well as newly developed exploratory data analysis techniques such as local Moran and local Geary statistics. Criteria are suggested for the identification of spatial association by combining the local Moran and local Geary. The usefulness of these techniques in identifying and quantifying spatial associations within economic regions is illustrated using data for southern counties and census tracts.
Performance of Rain Delay Features on Signal-Based Evapotranspiration Irrigation Controllers

AbstractEvapotranspiration-based irrigation controllers, also known as weather-based irrigation controllers, are a new water-saving technology that use evapotranspiration (ET) estimates to schedule irrigation. Many ET controllers have the ability to incorporate rainfall events into irrigation scheduling using onsite sensors attached to the controller or weather updates through weather-monitoring services. The Toro Intelli-Sense controller can use an onsite rain sensor (rain switch) that immediately interrupts irrigation or a weather service that causes the controller to enter a rain pause mode to incorporate rainfall into irrigation scheduling. Four treatments were created using the combination of rain delay features: no rain delay features (TN), rain pause (TRP), rain switch (TRS), and both rain delay features (TRP-RS). A fixed-time irrigation schedule with a rain switch and a fixed-time irrigation schedule without a rain switch were created for comparison: T, timer with a rain switch; and TWORS, timer w...
Nickel—chromium alloy electrode as a carbohydrate detector for liquid chromatography

Abstract A nickel—chromium alloy electrode was applied as an electrochemical detector for the analysis of carbohydrates by high performance anion-exchange liquid chromatography. This alloy electrode exhibited excellent sensitivity, reproductivity and stability. The cabohydrates are oxidatively detected by a surface catalyzed process, proposed to involve nickel(III) oxyhydroxides, which are formed in the range of ca. 0.45 to 0.5 V vs a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The cyclic voltammograms of the NiCr electrode are compared to pure Ni in order to understand the basic mechanism of the oxidation. The effect of the temperature, the sodium hydroxide concentration, the mobile phase flow-rate, and the working potential on the electrode response were analyzed to optimize the detection conditions. The reproducibility of the electrode response to the injection of 100 pmol of glucose was studied continuously for a period of 21 days. A limit-of-detection (LOD) of approximately 500 fmol of glucose (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) makes this alloy electrode well suited for the high sensitive detection of carbohydrates.
Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States, 1940-1970

With thorough documentation of the oppression of homosexuals and biographical sketches of the lesbian and gay heroes who helped the contemporary gay culture to emerge, Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities supplies the definitive analysis of the homophile movement in the U.S. from 1940 to 1970. John D'Emilio's new preface and afterword examine the conditions that shaped the book and the growth of gay and lesbian historical literature. "How many students of American political culture know that during the McCarthy era more people lost their jobs for being alleged homosexuals than for being Communists? ...These facts are part of the heretofore obscure history of homosexuality in America--a history that John D'Emilio thoroughly documents in this important book."--George DeStefano, Nation "John D'Emilio provides homosexual political struggles with something that every movement requires--a sympathetic history rendered in a dispassionate voice."--New York Times Book Review "A milestone in the history of the American gay movement."--Rudy Kikel, Boston Globe
Hierarchical Latency Models for Dose-Time-Response Associations

Exposure lagging and exposure-time window analysis are 2 widely used approaches to allow for induction and latency periods in analyses of exposure-disease associations. Exposure lagging implies a strong parametric assumption about the temporal evolution of the exposure-disease association. An exposure-time window analysis allows for a more flexible description of temporal variation in exposure effects but may result in unstable risk estimates that are sensitive to how windows are defined. The authors describe a hierarchical regression approach that combines time window analysis with a parametric latency model. They illustrate this approach using data from 2 occupational cohort studies: studies of lung cancer mortality among 1) asbestos textile workers and 2) uranium miners. For each cohort, an exposure-time window analysis was compared with a hierarchical regression analysis with shrinkage toward a simpler, second-stage parametric latency model. In each cohort analysis, there is substantial stability gained in time window-specific estimates of association by using a hierarchical regression approach. The proposed hierarchical regression model couples a time window analysis with a parametric latency model; this approach provides a way to stabilize risk estimates derived from a time window analysis and a way to reduce bias arising from misspecification of a parametric latency model.
The Essential Evangelicalism Dialectic: The Historiography of the Early Neo-Evangelical Movement and the Observer-Participant Dilemma

In the fifty years since the emergence of the neo-evangelical movement, the connotations of the word “evangelical” have changed significantly. Richard Quebedeaux charts an evolution of the movement beginning with the “neo-evangelicalism” of its founders, continuing through the “new evangelicalism” of their children, and on to the more radical evangelicalism typified by contemporary “Young Evangelicals.” Although these transitions cannot always be delineated as clearly as Quebedeaux implies, the evangelicalism of the past fifty years has certainly proved more dynamic than static and has managed to wiggle its way out of the grasp of its neo-evangelical founders.
Nano-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Tunable Negative-Zero-Positive Index Metamaterials

Nematic LC's offer an excellent path toward achieving tunability in a variety of different terahertz and optical devices. We have presented technology that can take advantage of the properties of LC to realize the index of refraction tuning. Metamaterials consisting of LC-dispersed coated spheres were designed to have an index of refraction that tuned from negative to zero to positive at the frequency of operation.
Socio-Economic Factors in the Nutrition of the Rural Poor

The most important factors in the etiology of malnutrition are poverty and ignorance. Poverty means lack or resources. The impoverished may be unable to purchase sufficient food. The subsistence farmer may be unable to grow sufficient food, or he may be forced to sell a quota of a vital food; which may leave him unable to meet the nutritional needs of himself and family. Ignorance implies lack of sufficient knowledge to make optimum use of available resources, knowledge of the desirable and nutritious foods at their disposal, or liberacy and skill to increase the individuals earning power. Let us now examine in greater detail how these and other socio-economic factors influence the nutritional status of a community; and furthermore, what strategies should be adopted to tackle them in any nutrition intervention program.
Solid-state chemistry: New order for lithium bromide

It's all very well predicting which forms of crystal an inorganic solid can adopt, but how can proof be obtained if these structures aren't thermodynamically stable? The answer is to build them up atom by atom.
Profiles in Cardiology

youngster, an interest that was nurtured during his stay at Michigan by Moises Coit Tyler, a professor of English literature. Above all, Tyler in- stilled in young Hemck an enduring fascination with Chaucer. Hemck was to reveal the extent of this fascination in an article he wrote on Chaucer more than five decades later, the article being the published version of an after-dinner speech that he had given at an annual meeting of the Association of Ameri- can Physicians.2 It was quite evident from this long discourse that Henick had read everything that Chaucer ever wrote. This
The new business potential with mobile commerce

Mobile commerce (m-commerce) has become the latest topic for today. Business organisations have been restlessly evaluating the revenue potential of the m-commerce market and developing business models to exploit the huge profit potential of this new market. This paper provides an overview of the fundamentals about m-commerce and relevant information to help business managers, particularly those without an IT background, to understand the key elements and basic concepts of m-commerce. Some strategies for dealing with m-commerce challenges and future expectation will be addressed.
Oxygen consumption of East Siberian cod: no support for the metabolic cold adaptation theory

Standard metabolic rate (R S ) at 2° C of eight East Siberian cod Arctogadus borisovi, caught in West Greenland, body mass of 601.5 ± 147.6 g (mean ± S.D.), was 40.9 ± 5.9 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 and 59.0 ± 6.6 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 when extrapolated to a standardized 100 g fish. R S was compared with three other Gadidae, to test the theory of metabolic cold adaptation (MCA). There was no evidence of MCA in the family.
Inorganic elemental compositions of commercial multivitamin/mineral dietary supplements: Application of collision/reaction cell inductively coupled-mass spectroscopy

Thirty five different commercially available multivitamin/mineral (MVM) dietary supplements in tablet, capsule, liquid or powder form for children, women, men, young and adult consumption were analysed by collision/reaction cell ICP-MS for their inorganic elemental compositions including Na, Mg, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Hg, and Pb. Samples were digested with concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acid (8:2) using a closed vessel microwave system. The validity of the applied method was assessed by the analysis of standard reference materials (SRM 3280, SRM 1566b) and of spiked samples. Special emphasis was given to the percentage deviation of calculated daily intake of each analysed element from their corresponding label claim. Additionally, for toxic elements calculated daily intake values are compared with those of the regulatory guideline values (e.g., recommended dietary allowance). The results revealed that all analysed products have calculated daily intake of As, Cd, Pb and Hg concentrations lower than those of the regulatory limits. The percentage differences between the calculated and claimed daily intake values varied moderately (20%) to significantly (>30%) for the potentially toxic elements, especially Cr, Se, Mn, and Zn. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for the same product to have high, as well as low, elemental compositions compared to their corresponding claimed values.
Sulfur-nitrogen interaction in stirred flames

Comprehensive nitrogen species measurements are performed for combustion gases in a premixed, atmospheric pressure, jet-stirred reactor containing 0.1 to 0.6% fuel -nitrogen and 1% fuel -sulfur. Species measured are NO, NH 3 , and HCN by gas sampling, and relative CN and NH and absolute OH by uv absorption spectroscopy. Reactor fuels are C 3 H 8 and H 2 . Nitrogen dopants are NO and CH 3 CN, and the sulfur dopant is SO 2 . Most results are for the conditions: T=1800 K, 1.1≤≤1.7, and 6≤τ≦11 ms. It is confirmed for rich propane flames that sulfur increases NO, NH 3 , and HCN yields, and decreases [OH]. Decreases in CN and NH concentrations are also noted. Kinetic interpretation shows the increase in NO, NH 3 , and HCN yields effected by the depression in [OH] and [H] by sulfur. Less NH and N are formed; therefore, less NO is reduced to N 2 . Also, a shift occurs from CN to HCN, and from NH to NH 3 . The second effect is the weakening of the NO-to-HCN recycle, as sulfur oxides apparently compete for the hydrocarbon fragments required for the recycle. Thus, under some circumstances HCN yields are depressed by sulfur. For NO doped rich H 2 flames, only 15 to 30 percent of the NO is chemically reduced to N 2 . Kinetic interpretation shows that HNO is formed from NO; then small amounts of NH and N form from the HNO. Sulfur weakens the NH and N formation, giving higher NO yield.
Infrared Upconversion for Astronomy

The basic theory of upconversion is presented, along with a brief historical summary of upconversion techniques. Upconverters were used in astronomical studies, but have met with only modest success. Upconversion will become a useful detection method for astronomy only if substantial but perhaps forseeable, improvements can be realized.
Molecular analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis lux-like mel2 operon

Using a high throughput genetic strategy, designated Random Inducible Controlled Expression (RICE), we identified the six gene mel2 locus in Mtb and M. marinum. Interestingly, three of the genes present in mel2 have similarities to bioluminescence genes. Similar to other bacterial bioluminescence systems, mel2 facilitates detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Through the use of thin layer chromatography (TLC) we demonstrate enhanced production of the cell wall virulence lipid, pthiocerol dimycoserosate (PDIM), in a Mtb mel2 mutant relative to the wild type strain in the presence of both H2O2 and diamide oxidative stresses. Furthermore, propionate toxicity assays revealed increased accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG) in the mel2 mutant relative to wild type. These observations provide the first evidence that mel2 plays a critical role in Mtb lipid biosynthesis.
Riboflavin Photochemical Degradation in Pasta Measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A technique utilizing high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to determine the kinetics of riboflavin losses in enriched macaroni as a function of temperature, water activity and light. Riboflavin and lumichrome were extracted from macaroni and assayed by reverse-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. Riboflavin degradation and lumichrome production in macaroni occurred in two phases, a rapid initial phase followed by a slower phase. Photodegradation of riboflavin appears to follow first-order reaction kinetics. Under the experimental conditions used, more than 50% of the riboflavin content of macaroni was lost within one day. Light intensity was the rate determining factor for riboflavin loss and lumichrome production. The riboflavin level decreased with increased temperature in the second phase of breakdown.
Melancholia, slavery, and racial pathology in eighteenth-century Cuba.

Between February of 1797 and July of 1798, Francisco Barrera y Domingo, a Spanish surgeon, wrote an extensive treatise on slave medicine in the Caribbean. Entitled Reflexiones Historico Fisico Naturales Medico Quirurgicas , this 894-page manuscript accounts for eighteen years of its author's professional practice in the region. It provides a clear picture of daily life in the sugar plantations as seen through the eyes of a modest surgeon, thus presenting us with an opportunity to explore the ideological and intellectual universe of this “invisible” category of colonial practitioners. Despite its importance, Barrera's Reflexiones remains almost unknown. Only a handful of scholars have even acknowledged the existence of the volume and no systematic analysis of its content is available in English.
PREDICTING NATURAL‐ENEMY RESPONSES TO HERBIVORES IN NATURAL AND MANAGED SYSTEMS

One underutilized approach for bridging the gap between basic research on plant–insect–enemy interactions and applied research on biological control is to examine prey defensive characteristics as predictors of successful pest eradication by specific natural enemies. We used such a prey-based approach to compare predictors of predator and parasitoid response in natural systems to predictors of success of biological control. To construct predictive models based on defensive characteristics, we used data from predation (34 prey species) and parasitism (98 host species) studies on lepidopteran larvae in natural systems. To compare efficacies of defenses in natural vs. biocontrol systems and to test the predictions from natural systems, we examined data from 150 biological control programs that used predators and parasitoids as control agents. Predictors were different for each type of natural enemy, yet the patterns of association were similar in natural and biocontrol systems. Specialists and gregarious larvae had high levels of parasitism in natural systems and were successfully controlled by biocontrol programs using parasitoids. Cryptic and smooth larvae had high levels of predation in natural systems and were successfully controlled by predators in biological control programs. Predictions derived from the natural-system models explained 53% of the variation in success of biocontrol efforts.
Current Perspectives on Motor Functioning in Infants, Children, and Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are the most common pediatric diagnoses in the United States. In this perspective article, we propose that a diverse set of motor impairments are present in children and adults with ASDs. Specifically, we will discuss evidence related to gross motor, fine motor, postural control, and imitation/praxis impairments. Moreover, we propose that early motor delays within the first 2 years of life may contribute to the social impairments of children with ASDs; therefore, it is important to address motor impairments through timely assessments and effective interventions. Lastly, we acknowledge the limitations of the evidence currently available and suggest clinical implications for motor assessment and interventions in children with ASDs. In terms of assessment, we believe that comprehensive motor evaluations are warranted for children with ASDs and infants at risk for ASDs. In terms of interventions, there is an urgent need to develop novel embodied interventions grounded in movement and motor learning principles for children with autism.
An additivity scheme for the estimation of heats of formations, entropies, and heat capacities of silanes, polysilanes, and their alkyl derivatives

Abstract Heat of formation data available for silanes and alkylsilanes have been evaluated using the Benson-Luria electrostatic energy corrected bond additivity method for a priori calculations of heats of formation of hydrocarbons. It is concluded that the calculational method is applicable to silanes and alkylsilanes, and that the recent combustion measurements employing HF and O 2 are reliable. Group additivity enthalpies based on these data are presented. Results of a large number of statistical thermodynamic calculations of entropies and heat capacities are also given, and values of the group additivities derivable from these results are presented. Internal consistencies of estimated thermodynamic properties (i.e., estimated reaction enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity changes) are thought to be reliable to within ±1.5 kcal and ±1.0 e.u., respectively. Group additivity estimates for individual compounds could be significantly less accurate due to the limited accuracy and extent of the Δ H 0 f data base, and to the uncertainties in assigned frequencies and internal rotational barriers employed in calculating entropies and heat capacities.
Advanced decision logic in simulation of material flow processing networks

Material flow processing networks are ubiquitous in modern society. Such networks embody uncertainty, advanced decision logic, and increased performance expectations. As such, they have been subject to analysis by a variety of methods, with one of the most prominent being discrete-event simulation. Simulation enables detailed flow modeling, incorporates uncertainty and allows experiment-based performance assessment. Traditional approaches to simulation are not well-suited to modeling advanced decision logic, though. This paper explores the issue of representing advanced decision logic and presents a reference model for material flow processing networks to support such representations. Implementation issues are discussed, as well.
Polarized Attitudes Toward the Ground Zero Mosque are Reduced by High-Level Construal

On the basis of construal level theory (Trope & Liberman, 2010), we hypothesized that political polarization on controversial issues may be reduced by increasing abstract mental construal. Using the issue of the “Ground Zero Mosque” and political polarization on it as an example, we first established that liberals and conservatives hold opposing attitudes toward building a mosque near Ground Zero (Study 1). Polarized attitudes were significantly reduced by increasing the abstract (vs. concrete) level of construal, by having participants answer a series of why (vs. how) questions before considering the issue (Study 2) or by having participants read an article about the Ground Zero Mosque in a disfluent (vs. fluent) format (Study 3). We conclude that abstract mental construal may potentially provide a means for dialogue and compromise on divisive political issues, and implications for political discourse are discussed.
Effect and Acceptance of Bluegill Length Limits in Nebraska Natural Lakes

Abstract Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus populations in 18 Nebraska Sandhill lakes were evaluated to determine if a 200-mm minimum length limit would increase population size structure. Bluegills were trap-netted in May and June 1998 and 1999, and a creel survey was conducted during winter 1998–2001 on one or two lakes where bluegills had been tagged to determine angler exploitation. Thirty-three percent of anglers on one creeled lake were trophy anglers (i.e., fishing for large (≥250 mm) bluegills), whereas 67% were there to harvest fish to eat. Exploitation was always less than 10% and the total annual mortality averaged 40% across all 18 lakes. The time to reach 200 mm ranged from 4.3 to 8.3 years. The relative stock density of preferred-length fish increased an average of 2.2 units in all 18 lakes with a 10% exploitation rate. However, yield declined 39% and the number harvested declined 62%. Bluegills would need to reach 200 mm in 4.2 years to ensure no reduction in yield at 10% exploitation. Both yield...
The Use of Ozurdex (Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant) During Anterior Segment Surgery in Patients with Chronic Recurrent Uveitis.

Abstract Purpose: To describe the outcomes of concurrent Ozurdex implantation during anterior segment surgery in patients with chronic recurrent uveitis. Methods: Retrospective chart review. Data recorded from preoperative and 1-, 3-, and 6-month postoperative visits included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), medications, and clinical examination findings of inflammation. Results: Twelve patients (12 eyes) with chronic, recurrent noninfectious uveitis undergoing cataract extraction (n=9) or intraocular lens (IOL) explantation (n=3) were included. Mean duration of follow-up after Ozurdex implantation was 12.9 months. There was a significant reduction (n=10, P=0.02) in the average number of inflammation recurrences 6 months before surgery compared to 6 months after surgery with Ozurdex in affected eyes. IOP remained stable in the postoperative period. One patient undergoing anterior chamber IOL (ACIOL) explantation experienced migration of Ozurdex into the anterior chamber resulting in corneal edem...
Social network classification incorporating link type values

Classification of nodes in a social network and its applications to security informatics have been extensively studied in the past. However, previous work generally does not consider the types of links (e.g., whether a person is friend or a close friend) that connect social networks members for classification purposes. Here, we propose modified Naive Bayes Classification schemes to make use of the link type information in classification tasks. Basically, we suggest two new Bayesian classification methods that extend a traditional relational Naive Bayes Classifier, namely, the Link Type relational Bayes Classifier and the Weighted Link Type Bayes Classifier. We then show the efficacy of our proposed techniques by conducting experiments on data obtained from the Internet Movie Database.
Optimal Design of Cable-Driven Manipulators Using Particle Swarm Optimization

The design of cable-driven manipulators is complicated by the unidirectional nature of the cables, which results in extra actuators and limited workspaces. Furthermore, the particular arrangement of the cables and the geometry of the robot pose have a significant effect on the cable tension required to effect a desired joint torque. For a sufficiently complex robot, the identification of a satisfactory cable architecture can be difficult and can result in multiply redundant actuators and performance limitations based on workspace size and cable tensions. This work leverages previous research into the workspace analysis of cable systems combined with stochastic optimization to develop a generalized methodology for designing optimized cable routings for a given robot and desired task. A cable-driven robot leg performing a walking-gait motion is used as a motivating example to illustrate the methodology application. The components of the methodology are described, and the process is applied to the example problem. An optimal cable routing is identified, which provides the necessary controllable workspace to perform the desired task and enables the robot to perform that task with minimal cable tensions. A robot leg is constructed according to this routing and used to validate the theoretical model and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting cable architecture.
Serrate expression can functionally replace Delta activity during neuroblast segregation in the Drosophila embryo

Serrate and Delta encode structurally related proteins in D. melanogaster that bind within a common extracellular region on the NOTCH receptor molecule. We used ectopic expression to determine if SERRATE could mediate in vivo functions parallel or antagonistic to those proposed for the putative NOTCH ligand DELTA. Our results demonstrate that Serrate can replace Delta gene function during embryonic neuroblast segregation and that expression of Serrate leads to a NOTCH-dependent suppression of achaete expression in proneural clusters. Our findings strongly suggest that SERRATE functions as an alternative ligand capable of NOTCH activation.
Thermal stability study of Pd-composite membrane fabricated by surfactant induced electroless plating (SIEP)

ABSTRACTOver the years, several different methods have been developed by modifying the conventional electroless plating (CEP) technique to fabricate dense thin Pd composite membranes with high H2 permselectivity. In this study, Pd composite membranes on macroporous stainless steel substrate (MPSS) were fabricated using CEP and novel surfactant induced electroless plating (SIEP) methods. The structural characteristics of CEP and SIEP fabricated Pd membranes were investigated before and after the heat treatment using SEM, XRD, EDS, and AFM techniques. The H2 permselectivity performance of the SIEP membranes was compared with that of CEP at different temperatures and trans-membrane pressures in the range of 523-823 K and 20-100 psi, respectively. The long-term thermal stability test of SIEP fabricated membranes was carried out on two different membranes, fabricated on MPSS substrates with and without oxide layer at 15 psi trans-membrane pressure and thermal cycling of 573-723-573 K. The microstructure analys...
The Use of Field Experimental Observations in Estimating Advertising Recall

The results of field experimentation in advertising are often under-utilized. A model of advertising recall within an audience is presented. The model provides the basis for a schedule simulator wh...
Optical coherence tomography noise modeling and fundamental bounds on human retinal layer segmentation accuracy (Conference Presentation)

The human retina is composed of several layers, visible by in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. To enhance diagnostics of retinal diseases, several algorithms have been developed to automatically segment one or more of the boundaries of these layers. OCT images are corrupted by noise, which is frequently the result of the detector noise and speckle, a type of coherent noise resulting from the presence of several scatterers in each voxel. However, it is unknown what the empirical distribution of noise in each layer of the retina is, and how the magnitude and distribution of the noise affects the lower bounds of segmentation accuracy. Five healthy volunteers were imaged using a spectral domain OCT probe from Bioptigen, Inc, centered at 850nm with 4.6µm full width at half maximum axial resolution. Each volume was segmented by expert manual graders into nine layers. The histograms of intensities in each layer were then fit to seven possible noise distributions from the literature on speckle and image processing. Using these empirical noise distributions and empirical estimates of the intensity of each layer, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB), a measure of the variance of an estimator, was calculated for each boundary layer. Additionally, the optimum bias of a segmentation algorithm was calculated, and a corresponding biased CRLB was calculated, which represents the improved performance an algorithm can achieve by using prior knowledge, such as the smoothness and continuity of layer boundaries. Our general mathematical model can be easily adapted for virtually any OCT modality.
Harmonic Analysis and Suppression of Electrolytic Manganese Enterprise

The harmonic of an electrolytic manganese enterprise in Baise is measured and analyzed.The result shows that the total and every harmonic voltage distortion ratios on the 35kV bus that the enterprise connected the in Fulin substation have obvious increment,and 11th and 13th harmonic currents exceed the limit of national standard.An 11th single tuned filter is used to the harmonic suppression and the simulation result by ETAP shows that the filter can suppress 11th,13th,17th and 19th harmonic currents effectively and decrease their values under the limit of national standard.
Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy Indications, Technique, and Outcomes

Cervical radiculopathy presents with upper extremity pain, decreased sensation, and decreased strength caused by irritation of specific nerve root(s). After failure of conservative management, surgical options include anterior cervical decompression and fusion, disk arthroplasty, and posterior cervical foraminotomy. In this review, we discuss indications, techniques, and outcomes of posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy.
Mechanics of a scalable high frequency flapping wing robotic platform capable of lift-off

Building upon prior work, the development of a scalable high frequency flapping wing robotic test platform is presented. Weighing 4.0 grams and operating at frequencies in excess of 90Hz, the platform is capable of generating a lift-to-weight ratio of approximately 1.3 and demonstrated lift-off tethered to an external power supply. From a previous electromagnetic actuator design, the coil cross-section profile was reshaped and “virtual spring” magnets were relocated to reduce mass and improve overall efficiency. Conducting experiments on a set of reconfigured actuators paired back-to-back, a magnetic interaction torque was discovered coupling the response of the combine system. Investigations into this interaction revealed a wing-to-wing synchronization effect accounting for asymmetries in the individual actuators and resulted in a system equilibria bifurcation with decreases to their separation distance. The coupling of the combined system bears a striking resemblance to the biomechanical linkage system in Dipteran flies which has also been shown to result in the synchronization of asymmetric wings. With the current embodiment of the robotic platform serving as a proof-of-concept for later iterations, a scaling of the system to the order of insects is predicted to have lift-to-weight ratios near two and will be the target for future work.
Developments in the Prediction of Full Field Dynamics in the Nonlinear Forced Response of Reduced Order System Models

Recent developments in the efficient modeling and reduction of finite element models (FEM) have been shown to provide a viable alternative to current approaches in the nonlinear simulation of computationally expensive detailed models of structural systems. This paper presents a summary of results in the prediction of nonlinear response from highly reduced order models interconnected with discrete nonlinear connections. The nonlinear response is approximated by piecewise linear solutions with reduction methodologies employed for the efficient computation; expansion is performed to retain system level response at a full set of FEM degrees of freedom and allows the calculation of stress and strain to ensure the practical usefulness of the techniques. Several cases will be shown here to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of these methodologies in models with multiple components/cascaded configurations.
Eradication ofHelicobacter pylori in the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease

Helicobacter pylori is responsible for the majority of cases of peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease should no longer be regarded as a “chronic, recurring, lifelong disease, but rather a curable infection.” Treatment and eradication of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease has been shown to resolve the chronic inflammation present and prevent further ulcer relapse. Despite the vast amount of literature on H. pylori infection in peptic ulcer disease, the diagnosis and management of this common infection have become increasingly straightforward. This article will summarize the role of H. pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease and will address the current clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori in the subset of patients.
Gene therapy for glaucoma: treating a multifaceted, chronic disease.

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy. It is characterized by a particular pattern of optic nerve head and visual field damage resulting from a number of different diseases that affect the eye. Many of these are associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which is the most common known associated risk factor, but not the only risk factor, for the development and/or progression of glaucomatous damage. The final common pathologic event is retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death. As such, glaucoma offers a variety of potential targets for gene therapy. In the anterior segment, these include various causes of trabecular dysfunction and alterations in aqueous production. Mutations in the myocilin gene cause autosomal dominant juvenile primary open-angle glaucoma and approximately 3% of cases of adult-onset open-angle glaucomas. 1 Several other hereditary disorders are also associated with glaucoma. 2‐10 Elucidation of non-IOP‐ dependent risk factors for glaucomatous damage has become an area of increasingly active investigation. These risk factors are thought to be responsible for approximately 30% of open-angle glaucoma in the United States and up to 70% in Japan. 11,12 They include systemic hypotension, including positional or nocturnal hypotension, 13,14 cardiovascular disease, 15 vasospasm (migraine, Raynaud’s disease), 16 defective vascular autoregulation, 17 endothelin abnormalities, 18 sleep apnea, 19 autoimmune disease, 20 hemorheologic abnormalities, 21 and cerebral microvascular ischemia. 22 All these risk factors and their underlying
Neighborhood disorder and glycemic control in late adolescents with Type 1 diabetes

Abstract Objective To evaluate the contribution of neighborhood characteristics to treatment adherence and glycemic control in late adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Research design and methods As part of a larger study, 220 late adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (aged 17.8 ± 0.4 years, 59.6% female, diabetes duration 7.3 ± 3.9 years) were recruited from outpatient pediatric clinics during their senior year of high school. Adolescents completed self-report measures of adherence behaviors and subjective social status, and their HbA1c values were collected during a lab assessment. Their mothers reported on their own educational achievement. These data were linked with neighborhood characteristics obtained from 2010 American Community Survey data using participants’ home addresses. Based on previous work (Dulin-Keita et al., 2012), a neighborhood disorder composite score was computed from Census-tract-level variables, including percent of the population achieving less than a high school education, under 18 who lived in poverty, unemployed, receiving public assistance, and percent of households that were vacant. Results – Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes who lived in more disordered neighborhoods were at higher risk for poorer glycemic control ( p Conclusions – Results highlight the importance of neighborhood disorder for adolescents’ glycemic control. The nonsignificant association between neighborhood disorder and adherence behaviors suggests physiological rather than behavioral mechanisms may be driving neighborhood SES-health outcome links.
Change Is Here: ADEA CCI 2.0—A Learning Community for the Advancement of Dental Education

On May 12, 2005, the inaugural meeting of the American Dental Education Association Commission on Change and Innovation in Dental Education (ADEA CCI) was convened. Comprised of thought leaders representative of dental education and practice, the ADEA CCI published groundbreaking white papers that effectively helped bring dental education across the threshold of the 21st century. Twelve years later, a new ADEA CCI has been convened-ADEA CCI 2.0. The ADEA CCI 2.0 is a broad-ranging, strategically interconnected, flexible, and multifarious community of stakeholders situated within and across all facets of oral health education and practice. Whereas the first iteration of the ADEA CCI made the case for change regarding revisions of the dental curriculum and learning environment, the ADEA CCI 2.0 will focus on external domains that are having a global impact on the content and delivery of health care and health professions education and, ultimately, how health care benefits people. The principal work of the ADEA CCI 2.0 will be to create educational and implementation resources and opportunities for dental educators to contemplate, investigate, and ultimately define the future needs of their academic dental institutions in this constantly changing world.
Conquerors, Brides, and Concubines: Interfaith Relations and Social Power in Medieval Iberia. By Simon Barton. (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015. Pp. v, 264. $59.95.)

Since the publication of his first book, the author of this study has been among the most prolific and insightful scholars of Iberian medieval history. Mining a remarkable variety of literary and h...
Misunderstanding the goals of animal research.

We welcome the application of rigorous standards to preclinical research, but the position expressed by Ritskes-Hoitinga and Wever misses the central value of most animal experimentation.1 Medical research exists on a spectrum from fundamental discovery to clinical validation. Human studies must meet very high levels of proof and, therefore, can generally rigorously test only a single hypothesis. The vast majority …
Using RxNorm and NDF-RT to Classify Medication Data Extracted from Electronic Health Records: Experiences from the Rochester Epidemiology Project

RxNorm and NDF-RT published by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) and Veterans Affairs (VA), respectively, are two publicly available federal medication terminologies. In this study, we evaluate the applicability of RxNorm and National Drug File-Reference Terminology (NDF-RT) for extraction and classification of medication data retrieved using structured querying and natural language processing techniques from electronic health records at two different medical centers within the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP). Specifically, we explore how mappings between RxNorm concept codes and NDF-RT drug classes can be leveraged for hierarchical organization and grouping of REP medication data, identify gaps and coverage issues, and analyze the recently released NLM’s NDF-RT Web service API. Our study concludes that RxNorm and NDF-RT can be applied together for classification of medication extracted from multiple EHR systems, although several issues and challenges remain to be addressed. We further conclude that the Web service APIs developed by the NLM provide useful functionalities for such activities.
Electrically triggered insulator-to-metal phase transition in two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures

We evaluate the heterogeneous integration of the layered correlated electron material, 1T-TaS2, on semiconducting 2H-MoS2 for the realization of an all two-dimensional insulator-to-metal (IMT) phase transition device. First principles calculations investigate the band structure of the resulting heterostructure and confirm the existence of a charge density wave (CDW)-based bandgap. 1T-TaS2 films are synthesized via powder vapor deposition on monolayer MoS2 substrates and shown to exhibit CDW induced IMT phase transitions. Both Raman and electrical measurements display reversible commensurate to nearly commensurate CDW IMT phase transitions. Finally, a phase transition transistor device is demonstrated that harnesses the electrically triggered abrupt IMT in 1T-TaS2 and semiconducting properties of 2H-MoS2.We evaluate the heterogeneous integration of the layered correlated electron material, 1T-TaS2, on semiconducting 2H-MoS2 for the realization of an all two-dimensional insulator-to-metal (IMT) phase transition device. First principles calculations investigate the band structure of the resulting heterostructure and confirm the existence of a charge density wave (CDW)-based bandgap. 1T-TaS2 films are synthesized via powder vapor deposition on monolayer MoS2 substrates and shown to exhibit CDW induced IMT phase transitions. Both Raman and electrical measurements display reversible commensurate to nearly commensurate CDW IMT phase transitions. Finally, a phase transition transistor device is demonstrated that harnesses the electrically triggered abrupt IMT in 1T-TaS2 and semiconducting properties of 2H-MoS2.
Research of non-destructive testing for aluminium sheaths of HV cables using ultrasonic-guided waves

The method of fast non-destructive testing for aluminium sheaths of high-voltage (HV) cables using ultrasonic-guided waves is proposed. The dispersion curve is calculated by solving the dispersion equation from the simplified model of aluminium sheaths of HV cables; thus, the appropriate wave mode and excitation frequency can be chosen. Three defects including crack, perforation, and sag have been set up. Then, the simulation experiments have been carried out for aluminium sheaths of HV cables based on the theoretical analysis and finite element simulation. The results show that cracks with the loss ratio of the sectional area over 4.25% can be detected by the T (0, 1) mode whose frequency is 32 kHz; the amplitude of the flaw echo increases along with the loss ratio of the crack. Theoretical analysis, finite element simulation, and experiments prove the feasibility of aluminium sheaths using ultrasonic-guided waves, providing a new method for the defect testing.
1424. Examining the Relationship Between Vancomycin Area Under the Concentration–Time Curve and Serum Trough Levels in Adults with Presumed or Documented Staphylococcal Infections

Background Recent studies evaluating area under the concentration–time curve (AUC)-guided vancomycin dosing have reported reduced drug exposure and nephrotoxicity as compared with traditional trough-guided (target 15–20 mg/L) dosing for invasive infections, but studies exploring the relationship between vancomycin trough concentration and AUC remain limited.
Acute Mitochondrial Impairment Underlies Prolonged Cellular Dysfunction after Repeated Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI), accounting for more than 80% of TBIs, can cause cognitive and behavioral impairments, the severity and duration of which increase after additional mTB...
Abstract P033: NT-proBNP as a Biomarker to Detect Salt Sensitivity

Finding a biomarker to identify salt sensitive individuals would be an important step in the personalized management of hypertension. The natriuretic peptide, amino terminal pro-type B natriuretic ...
Evidence-Based Public Health Provided Through Local Health Departments: Importance of Academic–Practice Partnerships

Objectives. To determine the extent to which US local health departments (LHDs) are engaged in evidence-based public health and whether this is influenced by the presence of an academic health depa...
Genetic strategy to decrease complement activation with adenoviral therapies.

Background A major obstacle to using recombinant adenoviral vectors in gene therapy is the natural ability of human adenovirus to activate the classical and alternate complement pathways. These innate immune responses contribute to hepatic adenoviral uptake following systemic delivery and enhance the humoral immune responses associated with adenoviral infection. Methods A recombinant Ad5 vector was genetically modified to display a peptide sequence (“rH17d’”), a known inhibitor of the classical complement pathway. The replication-defective vectors Ad5.HVR2-rH17d’ and Ad5.HVR5-rH17d’ were constructed by engineering the rH17d’ peptide into the hypervariable region (HVR)-2 or HVR5 of their major capsid protein hexon. Control Ad5 vectors were created by incorporation of a 6-histidine (His6)-insert in either HVR2 or HVR5 (Ad5.HVR2-His6 and Ad5.HVR5-His6, respectively). All vectors encoded CMV promoter-controlled firefly luciferase (Luc). The four vectors were evaluated in TIB76 mouse liver cells and immunocompetent mice to compare infectivity and liver sequestration, respectively. Results In vitro studies demonstrated that preincubation of all the Ad5 vectors with fresh serum significantly increased their gene transfer relative to preincubation with PBS except Ad5.HVR5-rH17d’, whose infectivity of liver cells showed no serum-mediated enhancement. In line with that, mice injected with Ad5.HVR2-rH17d’ or Ad5.HVR5-rH17d’ showed significantly lower luciferase expression levels in the liver as compared to the respective control vectors, whereas efficiency of tumor transduction by rH17d’ and His6 vectors following their intratumoral injection was similar. Conclusions Displaying a complement-inhibiting peptide on the Ad5 capsid surface by genetic modification of the hexon protein could be a suitable strategy for reducing Ad5 liver tropism (Ad5 sequestration by liver), which may be applicable to other gene therapy vectors with natural liver tropism.