cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sustainability and resilience of electric energy supply in urban environment

The present distribution system is a passive radial system, which is protected by relays and operated by a SCADA system. This kind of radial system is not reliable in the face of exogenous and endogenous risks. Also, primary energy sources will be driven to the end in near future. Thus, sustainable as well as resilient electric energy supply becomes a pre-requisite for continuing urban growth. This paper introduced the concept of sustainability and resilience of electric energy supply, and methodology of engineering a better power infrastructure to improve urban sustainability and resilience.
Increased Fasting Triglyceride Levels Are Associated With Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Caucasian but Not African-American Adolescents

Increased lipid levels are related to insulin resistance in children and adults (1–3). Insulin resistance occurs due to an inability to suppress hepatic glucose production (HGP) or to stimulate peripheral glucose uptake. It is not clear whether hyperlipidemia primarily affects hepatic or peripheral insulin sensitivity. In this study, the stable-labeled, frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (4–7) was used to measure total-body insulin sensitivity ( S i), peripheral insulin sensitivity ( S i*) (5), and hepatic insulin resistance (HIR) (8) in African-American and Caucasian adolescents. Healthy, Tanner stage 1–5, Caucasian ( n = 18, age 14.0 ± 2.6 years, BMI 23.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2) and African-American ( n = 10, age 14.1 ± 2.3, BMI 25.6 ± 5.1) subjects were studied. Informed written consent and assent were obtained. The protocol was approved by The Ohio State University Office of Responsible Research. Studies were performed in the Clinical Research Center of The Ohio State University after overnight fasting. Intravenous catheters were placed in the antecubital fossa of each arm. A bolus of 25% dextrose in water with ∼13% [6-6]D2 glucose (Cambridge Isotopes, Cambridge, MA) was given over 1 min (4,7,9). The total dose was 250 mg/kg. Blood samples were taken at −10, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 16, 19, 22, 27, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 82, 92, 102, 122, 142, 162, and …
Media-Aware Caching Mechanism in DiffServ Networks

Video transmission is becoming an increasingly essential part of the current internet; however before the high video quality at the client side becomes a reality, the best effort model has to adapt the video characteristic to the network conditions. In this paper, we are proposing a media middleware component that can be added to the edge routers in DiffServ network in order to have the responsibility to enhance QoS at the receivers' side. Passing such video frames to differentiated service network increases the video quality and treats the video frames based on their priorities. The media aware sub-layer has the responsibility to cache high priority video frames. We demonstrate through network simulation that the proposed technique decreases the average packet delay, and the packet loss, which yields a better video quality at the clients compared to existing techniques.
Hidden Markov Dirichlet Process: Modeling Genetic Recombination in Open Ancestral Space

We present a new statistical framework called hidden Markov Dirichlet process (HMDP) to jointly model the genetic recombinations among possibly infinite number of founders and the coalescence-with-mutation events in the resulting genealogies. The HMDP posits that a haplotype of genetic markers is generated by a sequence of recombination events that select an ancestor for each locus from an unbounded set of founders according to a 1st-order Markov transition process. Conjoining this process with a mutation model, our method accommodates both between-lineage recombination and within-lineage sequence variations, and leads to a compact and natural interpretation of the population structure and inheritance process underlying haplotype data. We have developed an efficient sampling algorithm for HMDP based on a two-level nested Polya urn scheme. On both simulated and real SNP haplotype data, our method performs competitively or significantly better than extant methods in uncovering the recombination hotspots along chromosomal loci; and in addition it also infers the ancestral genetic patterns and offers a highly accurate map of ancestral compositions of modern populations.
Has Goodwill Accounting Under SFAS 142 Improved Financial Reporting

SFAS 142 made two significant changes to goodwill accounting. First, firms are required to annually test goodwill for impairment. Second, firms are prohibited from systematically amortizing goodwill. In this study, I test whether each of these changes resulted in improved financial reporting, as predicted by the FASB. I find evidence that annual impairment testing improves financial reporting. However, I also find evidence that elimination of systematic amortization reduced the quality of financial reporting. As additional analysis, I demonstrate that a goodwill accounting system that allows both annual impairment testing and systematic amortization, while allowing firms the discretion to choose a firm-specific mix of each, provides the most value relevant goodwill accounting numbers.
Short Note: A proof that a discrete delta function is second-order accurate

It is proved that a discrete delta function introduced by Smereka [P. Smereka, The numerical approximation of a delta function with application to level set methods, J. Comput. Phys. 211 (2006) 77-90] gives a second-order accurate quadrature rule for surface integrals using values on a regular background grid. The delta function is found using a technique of Mayo [A. Mayo, The fast solution of Poisson's and the biharmonic equations on irregular regions, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 21 (1984) 285-299]. It can be expressed naturally using a level set function.
Externally linear integrators

The concepts behind externally linear, internally nonlinear integrators are reviewed, and the contest in which such integrators can find use in signal processing is discussed. Several examples of specific cases are offered, including log-domain, exponential state space, square root domain, piecewise-linear, and nonlinear capacitance circuits. Several issues requiring caution are discussed.
Gleichgewicht und Gehen verbessern sich durch Tai Chi Chuan

Tai Chi Chuan steigert wirksam Gleichgewichtsleistungen und balanceabhangige Gangparameter. Neben einer aktivierenden Physiotherapie eingesetzt, erweitert Tai Chi Chuan die Palette der Trainingsoptionen bei Parkinson. Gleichgewicht und Gehfahigkeit konnen in fruhen Stadien verbessert werden und die Sturzinzidenz sinkt, wie neuere Studien belegen.
Encoding Deselection and Long-Term Memory

Our information-rich environment increasingly requires us to process multiple sources of information simultaneously. These attentional demands can have long-term consequences for memory. A substantial empirical literature shows that long-term explicit memory is impaired following encoding tasks that require individuals to attend to two sources of information simultaneously. Such encoding demands do not, however, impair perceptual priming. Because perceptual priming is a robust measure, its resistance to division of attention is not entirely surprising. Yet attentional demands can have a negative influence even on perceptual priming when the encoding situation requires individuals to ignore information that was previously processed in order to focus on a different dimension. We discuss recent research on the fate of such ignored or deselected information in long-term memory. Because deselection is often necessary for accomplishing relevant goals in a variety of situations, a better understanding of its long-term effects can help explain fundamental cognitive processes that shape memory. In this chapter, we review evidence that shows that deselection effects on memory can be pervasive and that they can be resistant to different protective variables instantiated at encoding or retrieval. These findings show that the process of deselection is an important encoding mechanism underlying memory impairment.
Reduction of Inappropriate Prophylactic Pegylated Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Use for Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Who Receive Chemotherapy: An ASCO Quality Training Program Project of the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute

Purpose:Routine prophylactic pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (pGCSF) administration for patients receiving chemotherapy regimens associated with low risk ( 20%) or intermediate risk (10% to 20%) if other risk factors for neutropenic fever were present. Use with LRNF chemotherapy was recorded as inappropriate.Results:One hundred eighty patients with NSCLC received a new chemotherapy regimen during the specified time period. Thirty-four of 119 patients (28%) treated with LRNF chemotherapy received pGCSF. Each patient re...
Age-related variation in skulls of the puma (Puma concolor)

Measurements of skulls were used to determine if growth continues throughout the lifetime of a puma ( Puma concolor ) and if growth patterns differ between sexes. The dataset included 1,201 adult pumas and consisted of 14 cranial and 5 mandibular measurements. Ages (estimated by the amount of staining and wear of teeth) of specimens examined during our study suggested that few pumas live past ca. 9 years of age in the wild (16 of 609 adult males and 35 of 592 adult females). For both sexes, all of the characters showing no significant variation among age groups were those related to measurements of dentition, indicating that teeth reach their full-grown size by ca. 2 years of age. Growth of the cranium of pumas continues throughout most of the animal's life; males continue to grow to 7–9 years of age, and females continue to grow to 5–6 years of age.
Population variability of sparrows in space and time

The abundance of a species through time and across space, and the variability of that abundance, determines the species' persistence within its geographic range. We investigated the relationship between abundance and variability of nine species of grassland sparrows to uncover their population dynamics across their ranges. Sparrow populations consist of centrally located sites of high abundance with relatively low variability surrounded by sites of low abundance with relatively high variability. These sites are distributed across space such that variability decreases and abundance increases with increasing distance from the edge of a species' geographic range. Population numbers as a whole become increasingly variable over time, but only a portion of the total population heavily influences this increase in variability. For all but one species variability accrued in the areas of highest abundance. Thus, for these sparrows, the edge of the range is sparsely populated and variable, but not increasingly so. We suggest that the spatial and temporal behavior of grassland sparrow populations exhibit a source and sink dynamic where the core of the range 'feeds' the less productive peripheral areas. Conservation of species that exhibit this dynamic would depend on preservation and management of highly productive core areas.
Chlorpyrifos and Diazinon as Barriers to Argentine Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Foraging on Citrus Trees

Argentine ant, Iridomyrmex humilis (Mayr), was effectively excluded from foraging in citrus trees by removing foliage from tree canopy (skirt-pruning) within 60 cm of the ground and by applying 2% (AI) liquid chlorpyrifos 4 emulsifiable concentrate to the basal 15 cm of the trunk, or by placing a ring of 13 g (AI) diazinon 14 granular (G) on the ground adjacent to and around the trunk. These treatments were effective for 8 and 3 months, respectively. Applications of limonene to the basal trunk area of skirt-pruned trees, or uniform distribution of 32 g (AI) diazinon 14 G beneath the canopy of unpruned trees did not prevent ants from foraging in the trees. Data suggest that in the absence of ants, populations of honeydew-producing citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso), and woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell), and nonhoneydew-producing California red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), were effectively reduced by their respective natural enemies. Populations of honeydew-producing species declined sooner than populations of California red scale.
Anticoagulant, lipemia clearing and other effects of anionic polysaccharides extracted from seaweed.

SummaryA number of anionic polysaccharides were investigated with respect to their anticoagulant and lipemia clearing activity. Only heparin was effective in clearing the massive lipemia used in this study. This effect persisted even when the anticoagulant activity was destroyed by alkaline degradation. Another potent anticoagulant was found in a highly sulphated galactosan isolated from seaweed. This compound produced extensive pathologic changes in the kidney when administered in large doses.
Pigtail Catheter Placement for Pneumothorax Evacuation

NOTE: To learn to perform a procedure, there are both cognitive and procedural steps that should be followed. These steps are explained and demonstrated in this month’s Video Corner and are summarized for quick reference in the list below.⇓ Figure 1. Click here to view the video. (Reproduced with permission of Akshaya Vachharajani, MD, and The Saigh Foundation Pediatric Simulation Center, St Louis Children's Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine. Copyright 2012.) ### 1. Indications Evacuation of a pneumothorax. Evacuation of pleural and pericardial effusion. ### 2. Contraindications ### 3. Consent No consent, written or verbal, is obtained before the procedure at our institution. The procedure is explained to parents before the procedure is performed in neonates with pneumothorax who are hemodynamically stable. ### 4. Time Out (Pause) ### 5. Equipment ### 6. Anatomy
The analysis and consultation on 8klinefelter syndrome

Objective To study the prevalence of the Klinefelter Syndrome in the group of premarital-examined men.Methods To find the Klinefelter Syndrome patients from the data of examination in the premarital-examined men from Jan.2007to Dec.2011in Xicheng maternal and child health care center,and to analyse the patients′clinical feature,chromosomal karyotypes,semen analysis and the plasma levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),Luteinizing hormone(LH)and testoserone(T).Results There were 8Klinefelter Syndrome patients in all the 5 502premarital-examined men.The occurrence of this disease in the group was 0.15%,but in the normal population was 0.20%,chromosomal karyotypes abnormal had been detected in all the 8patients,no sperm was found in the semen analysis,the plasma levels of FSH and LH were obviously higher than normal value among all 8patients,the plasma T levels were on the low side;5patients separated with their partners after premarital-examination,and the other 3patients married,but didn′t have children.Conclusions Premarital-examination could find the hereditary disease before marriage,which will be benefit to give a good birth and good care.And with the specific consultation,it could prevent the genetic diseases and enhance the harmony of families.
Cognitive Reevaluation of Outcomes in Response to Underpayment Inequity

A pay cut was theorized to create underpayment inequity among 114 salaried clerical workers. Relative to when their pay was subsequently reinstated, workers cognitively augmented the perceived impo...
Positive Affect and Depressive Symptoms: What Dimensions of Grandfather Involvement Matter?

ABSTRACTThe mental health of middle-aged and older men is an understudied dimension of human development that has implications for grandfathers’ involvement in the lives of their grandchildren. Grandfather involvement is defined as the degree of engagement in the process of building and maintaining relationships with grandchildren and comprises the concepts of participation in activities, commitment, and contact frequency. Using structural equation modeling techniques, two models are tested exploring how grandfather involvement is associated with positive affect and depressive symptoms, two aspects of mental health.
Using sound advice-intravascular ultrasound as a diagnostic tool.

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) uses varying-frequency catheter-based transducers for assessment of blood vessel dimensions and morphology. Along with advances in the field of interventional cardiology, IVUS technology has progressed in the last two decades. Dedicated training centers in combination with enthusiasm from a new generation of cardiologists complemented by well-established evidence for simplicity, safety and efficacy of IVUS systems have led to increased routine use of this imaging modality. Currently available catheters use sound frequencies in the range of 20–70 MHz, moving from older grayscale IVUS to radiofrequency IVUS (RF-IVUS) and more recently high-definition IVUS (HD-IVUS) devices, some with the ability to differentiate plaque composition.
Voltage Mode Doherty Power Amplifier

This paper presents a new wideband Doherty amplifier technique that can achieve high efficiency while maintaining excellent linearity. By modifying a “forgotten” topology originally proposed by Doherty, a new Doherty amplifier architecture is realized with two voltage mode power amplifiers (PAs) and transformers, thus eliminating a narrowband impedance inverter. The voltage mode PA is implemented using switched capacitor PA techniques. The PA is fabricated in 65-nm low-leakage CMOS and achieves 24-dBm saturated power (at the standard supply voltage) with PAE of 45% at peak power and 34% at 5.6-dB back-off over 750 to 1050 MHz 1 dB bandwidth. With memory-less linearization, the PA can transmit 40 MHz 256-QAM 9 dB peak-to-average power ratio 802.11ac modulation centered at 900 MHz meeting the spectral mask with measured EVM of −34.8 dB and 22% PAE without backing off or equalization.
Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of genetic heterogeneity in myeloid neoplasms uncovered by comprehensive mutational analysis

While growing use of comprehensive mutational analysis has led to the discovery of innumerable genetic alterations associated with various myeloid neoplasms, the under-recognized phenomenon of genetic heterogeneity within such neoplasms creates a potential for diagnostic confusion. Here, we describe two cases where expanded mutational testing led to amendment of an initial diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia with subsequent altered treatment of each patient. We demonstrate the power of comprehensive testing in ensuring appropriate classification of genetically heterogeneous neoplasms, and emphasize thoughtful analysis of molecular and genetic data as an essential component of diagnosis and management.
Surgical patch venoplasty after unsuccessful percutaneous balloon venoplasty for pacemaker lead-related superior vena cava stenosis.

Pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator leads have been associated with venous stenosis. Symptomatic venous stenosis can have variable presentations. Early diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic venous stenosis is crucial for favorable long-term patient outcomes. We present a case of pacemaker lead–related superior vena cava (SVC) stenosis, presenting as bulging abdominal veins, that was repaired surgically after unsuccessful percutaneous angioplasty.
Changing the Research Culture in the United States.

![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] There was a time when U.S. investigators led the world in the conduct of heart failure clinical trials. The SOLVD, VHeFT, BEST, PRAISE, SCD-HeFT, ATLAS, US-Carvedilol, DIG, COMPANION, and other trials are only a short list of the many previous contributions
Production and analysis of transgenic mice containing yeast artificial chromosomes.

Until the advent of transgenic mouse technology, studies of mammalian gene expression and regulation were largely limited to cell lines transfected with constructs containing limited genetic information. Developmental studies were not possible since cell lines are generally locked into one ontogenic stage. Transgenic mice provided two improvements and facilitated the study of gene function in development and disease. First, transgene expression in mice allowed assessment of phenotypes. Second, gene expression could be studied throughout development and tissue-specific regulatory elements could be analyzed. However, expression of transgenes was erratic due to position effects and copy number-independent expression. In many instances these problems were due to the nature of the transgene constructs, which typically were limited in their size due to constraints on how large a DNA fragment could be isolated without degradation and introduced into the mouse. Thus, deletion of cis sequences was necessary during the design of transgenes to be injected. Many large genes with exons spanning several hundred kilobases or multigenic loci could not be used as transgenes. cDNAs were substituted for large genes or individual genes from a multigene cluster were utilized in place of an entire locus. However, expression from these constructs was subject to the effects of surrounding chromatin into which they were integrated. Some improvement resulted when other cis-acting elements, such as enhancers, introns or polyadenylation signals were included. These additional sequences assisted studies in which the main goal was to express the transgene, but these truncated constructs lacked their natural regulatory elements and thus developmental studies were not necessarily indicative of how the native gene might be regulated. Ideally, a system in which large genes or loci could be successfully used in the generation of transgenic mice might improve the utility of transgenic studies. Inclusion of distal regulatory elements within the native locus might validate developmental studies and insulate the construct from position effects. With this in mind several lab groups successfully implemented the use of large DNA constructs, in particular yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), as transgenes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21).
Raman Optical Activity, Theory

Raman optical activity (ROA) is defined as the difference between Raman scattering intensity of right and left circularly polarized light. Along with optical rotational and circular dichroism, ROA is a form of natural optical activity. It has been applied with a high degree of success to the study of the structure of chiral molecules in solution. Areas of application include proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, natural products, pharmaceuticals and other kinds of molecules of biological or therapeutic significance. This article describes the general theory of ROA together with the far from resonance and single electronic state theories. The various ROA forms are also discussed.
Interpretations of the localization phenomenon

This chapter reviews the interpretations of the localization phenomenon. Since localization affects the course of differentiation, it would seem clear that it must be explained in terms of the regulation of embryo genome function. It was generally believed in Wilson's time that all cells contain the complete genome and also that genes direct the cellular construction of properties. Nevertheless, it was not until much later that the theory of variable gene activity was clearly enunciated as an explanation for cell differentiation. The failure to take this conceptual step prevented the earlier writers from proceeding beyond the idea of organ-forming substances. Storage in the egg cytoplasm of molecules whose function is the selective specification of embryo gene activity is an extremely general and probably universal mechanism in animal development.
Culture as Property: Intellectual Property, Local Norms and Global Rights

Intellectual property frameworks today reflect an increasing emphasis on framing knowledge and culture within a property rights paradigm. This tendency is evident in all sides of current debates about global intellectual property frameworks. Intellectual property frameworks have historically reflected accommodation and balance between local and global influences as well as private and public interests. An ethos of propertization strains both balances. The imbalance between the local and global and public and private is exemplified in current treatment of local knowledge under global intellectual property frameworks. This article examines the tensions between local and global norms, legal and otherwise, and private and public interests in today's increasingly global intellectual property frameworks. This article also evaluates the potential pitfalls of viewing culture through a propertization lens given the shared nature of many cultural resources. The treatment of culture as property may also have broad implications for both development and capacity. As is the case in intellectual property discussions more generally, the mechanisms of cultural propertization and propertization discourse can influence behavior and even intensify assertions of rights themselves. This article proposes ways to better balance the public and private and local and global in crafting intellectual property frameworks that reflect local norms, local participation and the needs of varied local contexts.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Study of Hyperammonemia and Hepatic Encephalopathy

1H MRS offers an interesting new noninvasive tool with which to monitor some limited aspects of brain chemistry in man [1]. The application of the method to the elucidation of HE has, in addition to the hoped for ability to demonstrate the central role of glutamine (Gln), provided two new insights into the disease. The first is the possible role of cerebral choline-containing compounds (Cho). This might have been anticipated from the role of liver in glycerophosphate and lipid biosynthesis. The second observation was without precedent and still awaits an explanation: This is the significant occurrence of cerebral myo-inositol (mI) depletion [2].
Principles of Sterile Technique

Bacteria and fungi are members of the microbiological world and are especially significant because of their universality. They are found everywhere: in the air, soil, hair, clothes, water, crevices in bark, paint, glue, crank-case oil, snow, and pickle juice. These little creatures also provide interesting paradoxes: (1) There are places where they are not normally found: the blood of healthy animals, the internal tissues of healthy plants and animals, and most conspicuous of all, sterilized objects. (2) Some are so undemanding in nutritional requirements as to survive and grow in stale distilled water containing traces of dust; others are demanding obligate parasites which require a certain cultivar of a particular species as host. (3) Some, like intestinal flora, are necessary whereas others, such as the tubercle bacillus and the Dutch elm fungus, cause severe and sometimes fatal diseases. (4) Some are red; others are yellow or white. (5) Some are uncommon while others are everywhere.
A Novel Independently-Tunable Dual-Mode SIW Resonator with a Reconfigurable Bandpass Filter Application

A novel, widely-tunable, substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW), dual-mode resonator with mode-independent frequency tuning is presented. The first mode has a 94 % tuning range, from 1.7 – 3.3 GHz with a measured quality factor $(Q)$ from 150–400. The second mode can be tuned to be lower or larger than the first mode with better than 27% tuning range while maintaining a $Q$ higher than 260 over the entire range. A second-order reconfigurable bandpass filter is designed utilizing a single dual-mode resonator. The filter is based on a doublet-configuration with a tunable center frequency from 2–3.2 GHz and a controllable finite transmission-zero that can be located on either the upper or the lower side of the passband. The filter has an insertion loss better than 1.1 dB over the entire tuning range.
Establishing a Multivariate Model for Predictable Antisense RNA-Mediated Repression.

Recent advances in our understanding of RNA folding and functions have facilitated the use of regulatory RNAs such as synthetic antisense RNAs (asRNAs) to modulate gene expression. However, despite the simple and universal complementarity rule, predictable asRNA-mediated repression is still challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of native asRNA-mediated gene regulation. To address this issue, we present a multivariate model, based on the change in free energy of complex formation (ΔGCF) and percent mismatch of the target binding region, which can predict synthetic asRNA-mediated repression efficiency in diverse contexts. First, 69 asRNAs that bind to multiple target mRNAs were designed and tested to create the predictive model. Second, we showed that the same model is effective predicting repression of target genes in both plasmids and chromosomes. Third, using our model, we designed asRNAs that simultaneously modulated expression of a toxin and its antitoxin to demonstrate tunable control of cell gr...
Is adolescence the missing developmental link in Microbiome-Gut-Brain axis communication?

Gut microbial research has recently opened new frontiers in neuroscience and potentiated novel therapies for mental health problems (Mayer, et al., 2014). Much of our understanding of the gut microbiome's role in brain function and behavior, however, has been largely derived from research on nonhuman animals. Even less is known about how the development of the gut microbiome influences critical periods of neural and behavioral development, particularly adolescence. In this review, we first discuss why the gut microbiome has become increasingly relevant to developmental cognitive neuroscience and provide a synopsis of the known connections of the gut microbiome with social-affective brain function and behavior, specifically highlighting human developmental work when possible. We then focus on adolescence, a key period of neurobiological and social-affective development. Specifically, we review the links between the gut microbiome and six overarching domains of change during adolescence: (a) social processes, (b) motivation and behavior, (c) neural development, (d) cognition, (e) neuroendocrine function, and (f) physical health and wellness. Using a developmental science perspective, we summarize key changes across these six domains to underscore the promise for the gut microbiome to bidirectionally influence and transform adolescent development.
Changes of rScO2 and ScvO2 in childrenwith sepsis‑related encephalopathywith different prognoses and clinical features

Clinical features of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in children with different prognoses were analyzed and the changes of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) were measured. Eighty children with sepsis-related encephalopathy, admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, were enrolled in this study and post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) scoring was performed within 24 h after admission. Patients were separated into groups according to the score results and treatment outcomes. Clinical features, functional tests, imaging examinations, PICS scores, and modified Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were compared among children with varying severities and prognoses. The changes of rScO2 and ScvO2 at different time-points among children with different prognoses were measured and compared. According to PICS scores, there were 8 non-critically ill children, 42 critically ill children, and 30 extremely critically ill children. Fifty-two children survived, and the survival rate was 65%. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of children with different conditions showed that deep coma, generalized seizure, severe electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities, and the survival of children were significantly associated with the severity of disease (P 0.05). On the contrary, ScvO2 values were significantly higher in the deceased group than those in the survivors group (P<0.05). The lower the PICS and GCS scores in children with sepsis-related encephalopathy, the more serious the condition, and the more likely to develop disturbance of consciousness, epileptic seizures, and abnormal EEG changes. Whereas, changes of ScvO2 are closely related to prognosis.
Third-Order Møller-Plesset Perturbation Theory Made Useful? Choice of Orbitals and Scaling Greatly Improves Accuracy for Thermochemistry, Kinetics, and Intermolecular Interactions.

We develop and test methods that include second- and third-order perturbation theory (MP3) using orbitals obtained from regularized orbital-optimized second-order perturbation theory, κ-OOMP2, denoted as MP3:κ-OOMP2. Testing MP3:κ-OOMP2 shows RMS errors that are 1.7-5 times smaller than those of MP3 across 7 data sets. To do still better, empirical training of the scaling factors for the second- and third-order correlation energies and the regularization parameter on one of those data sets led to an unregularized scaled (c2 = 1.0; c3 = 0.8) denoted as MP2.8:κ-OOMP2. MP2.8:κ-OOMP2 yields significant additional improvement over MP3:κ-OOMP2 in 4 of 6 test data sets on thermochemistry, kinetics, and noncovalent interactions. Remarkably, these two methods outperform coupled cluster with singles and doubles in 5 of the 7 data sets considered, at greatly reduced cost (no O(N6) iterations).
Lipedema and Dercum's Disease: A New Application of Bioimpedance.

Background: Lipedema and Dercum's disease (DD) are incompletely characterized adipose tissue diseases, and objective measures of disease profiles are needed to aid in differential diagnosis. We hyp...
Balancing aging mechanisms in organic field-effect transistors

We developed a simple method to improve the stability of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with bilayer gate dielectrics. The bilayer gate dielectric comprises an amorphous fluoropolymer (CYTOP) layer and an Al2O3-HfO2 nanolaminate (NL) grown by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. In the OFETs with bilayer gate dielectrics, two aging mechanisms exist, and they cause the shifts of threshold voltage in opposite directions during long-term operation. By engineering the bilayer gate dielectric, the effects of these two mechanisms can compensate, leading to devices with remarkable operational stability that is comparable or superior to that of commercial inorganic counterparts. The NL grown by ALD shows excellent encapsulation property and improves the environmental stability of the OFETs. The devices are tested by exposing the devices to high temperature and high moisture conditions (i.e., the standard 85/85 condition, meaning 85°C and 85% relative humidity). The results of OFETs with CYTOP/NL bilayer gate dielectrics are presented and compared to those OFETs with Al2O3 gate dielectrics.
Depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life in older women with gynecologic Cancers.

Abstract Objectives This study aims to assess factors associated with depressive symptoms in older women with gynecologic cancers and to examine the association of depression with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Materials and methods Women aged 65 and older previously diagnosed with cervical, ovarian, or uterine cancer (n=1977) were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results – Medicare Health Outcomes Survey database and compared to propensity-matched cancer-free controls (n=9885). Women with and without depressive symptoms were compared by cancer status. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with depressive symptoms, and linear regression was used to determine the association of depressive symptoms with HRQOL measures. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was higher among older women with gynecologic cancer (31.9%, 32.2%, and 25.3% for cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancer, respectively) than cancer-free older women (24.9%) (p=0.05). Adjusting for demographic and clinical factors, older women with ovarian cancer were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms than controls (Prevalence Odds Ratio = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.32, p Conclusion This study gives insight into correlates of depressive symptoms that may be used to better identify women with gynecologic cancers who are at risk of depression. The relatively high prevalence of depressive symptoms and significant deficits in HRQOL underscore the need for effective screening and treatment of depression in older women with gynecologic cancers.
Roles of Vision Rehabilitation Therapists in the 21st Century

Introduction:Vision rehabilitation therapists (VRTs) carry out many specific job tasks. This study seeks to better understand the VRT profession by organizing many tasks into a few specific roles i...
Erratum to: The Impact of Chronic Opioid Use on Colonoscopy Outcomes

Surveillance 99 (30.94) 114 (35.63) 0.24 In the third paragraph of the Discussion section, although the authors did not observe a significant difference in the indications for colonoscopy, patients on chronic opiods had more procedures performed for abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits. A history of depression, chronic pain, and the constipating effects of opioid use likely contributed to these findings.
The Dream Deferred

In [the other] America, thousands of work-starved men walk the streets every day in search for jobs that do not exist…[they] find themselves feeling that life is a long and desolate corridor with no exit signs. In this America, hopes unborn have died and radiant dreams of freedom have been deferred. Martin Luther King Jr., “The Other America,” Baltimore, 1966 A little past 5 p.m. on Monday, April 27, 2015, I departed York, Pennsylvania, where I work and headed south toward Baltimore, Maryland, where I live. Prior to departing, I had done my best to keep abreast of the latest developments in Baltimore, which had been experiencing protests over the killing of Freddie Gray, an unarmed twenty-five-year-old black man by the police. On my ride south, my main source of information was WBAL radio, the most prominent AM station in the area, which had begun a joint broadcast with its television affiliate. From its newscasters I learned that shortly after Baltimore's schools let out on Monday the 27th “rioting” had broken out. At one point one of the station's leading personalities declared, “I can't believe this is happening in Baltimore; I never would have expected this.” At the time, I recalled saying to myself: Where has she been living for the past forty years? How can she honestly make such a statement? While moments later she made reference to riots that had occurred in Baltimore in 1968 following Martin Luther King Jr.'s assassination, from the tone of her voice the “Gray uprising” was absolutely disconnected from the past. And there was little in WBAL's coverage, or in much of what was reported on in the ensuing days by most of the major television networks, local and national, that suggested that to comprehend what was taking place in 2015, it was helpful, if not necessary to understand the causes and consequences of Baltimore's Holy Week Uprising of 1968. Building on our investigation of the revolts in Cambridge, Maryland, Part II of the Great Uprising will explore Baltimore's 1968 revolt. We will begin by following the lead of Thomas Sugrue, who in his path-breaking Origins of the Urban Crisis (1990) challenged the conventional wisdom that the urban uprisings of the 1960s produced the decline of Detroit, Michigan, and by extension other American cities.
Understanding Classifier Mistakes with Generative Models.

Although deep neural networks are effective on supervised learning tasks, they have been shown to be brittle. They are prone to overfitting on their training distribution and are easily fooled by small adversarial perturbations. In this paper, we leverage generative models to identify and characterize instances where classifiers fail to generalize. We propose a generative model of the features extracted by a classifier, and show using rigorous hypothesis testing that errors tend to occur when features are assigned low-probability by our model. From this observation, we develop a detection criteria for samples on which a classifier is likely to fail at test time. In particular, we test against three different sources of classification failures: mistakes made on the test set due to poor model generalization, adversarial samples and out-of-distribution samples. Our approach is agnostic to class labels from the training set which makes it applicable to models trained in a semi-supervised way.
Tree Communities and Aboveground Biomass in the Submontane Zone of Ketambe Resort, Mount Leuser National Park, Aceh

Abstract : Mount Leuser National Park is one of the largest conservation areas and plays important ecological and economic functions. To support forest management, it is important to gain current vegetation data. The sampling method of a 0.1 hectare plot was carried out on two sampling sites in the submontane zone of Ketambe Resort, Mount Leuser National Park, Aceh. The diversity of trees was not significantly different, while species composition was different. Site one was dominated by Syzygium spp. and Shorea platyclados , while site two was dominated by Altingia excelsa and Bridelia glauca . Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, and Dipterocarpace families dominated in both sites. Tree structures formed three strata and showed a good capacity for forest regeneration. The aboveground biomass of site one was higher than site two due to the presence of more large trees. Pioneer species, cultivated plants, a low average wood density, and low aboveground biomass indicated secondary forest characteristics in both sites. Abstrak: Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser merupakan salah satu kawasan konservasi yang terluas dan memiliki fungsi ekologi dan ekonomi yang penting. Data vegetasi terkini penting didapatkan untuk mendukung pengelolaan hutan. Metode sampling dengan plot 0.1 hektar dilakukan di dua lokasi pada zona submontana Resort Ketambe, Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser, Aceh. Keanekaragaman jenis pohon tidak berbeda secara nyata sementara komposisi jenis berbeda. Lokasi satu didominasi oleh Syzygium spp. dan Shorea platyclados , sementara lokasi dua didominasi oleh Altingia excelsa dan Bridelia glauca . Suku Lauraceae, Myrtaceae dan Dipterocarpace mendominasi pada kedua lokasi. Struktur pohon membentuk tiga strata dan menunjukkan kemampuan regenerasi hutan yang baik. Biomassa pohon di atas permukaan pada lokasi satu lebih tinggi dibandingkan lokasi dua karena lebih banyaknya pohon berukuran besar. Jenis pionir, tanaman budidaya, rata-rata berat jenis kayu dan biomassa di atas permukaan yang rendah mengindikasikan karakteristik hutan sekunder pada kedua lokasi.
Synthesis of (hemi)cellulosic lubricant base oils via catalytic coupling and deoxygenation pathways

The past decade has witnessed a significant growth in bioproduct development due to the strong interest in creating a more diverse energy supply, environmental sustainability, and a carbon neutral bioeconomy. The initial biorefinery strategy, which focused mainly on the production of low carbon number drop-in bioproducts, has recently shifted its focus on the production of high carbon number and high performance bioproducts with unique properties and value propositions. One such product is lubricant base oil (LBO), which represents over $150 billion global lubricant market and is used for various industrial, automotive, marine, metal-working, consumer, and specialized applications. The application landscape of lubricants has changed significantly over the past decade because of environmental regulations and the growing demand for sustainable lubricants to mitigate regulatory challenges and improve carbon footprint. Currently, only 3% LBOs are produced from bio-based triglycerides/fatty acids. Because of low oxidation stability and high hydrolytic susceptibility, these bio-based LBOs have limited applications. Thus, research and development and commercialization efforts for (hemi)cellulosic LBOs to meet the market demand have received momentum over the past few years. This review describes strategies to produce (hemi)cellulosic LBOs via carbon–carbon coupling and hydrodeoxygenation chemistries. We emphasize the coupling strategies to create LBOs with a branched architecture to surrogate petroleum-based poly-α-olefins. A structure–property relationship for tuning the key specifications of LBOs as a function of molecular architecture is illustrated. Mechanistic understanding and molecular interactions of multi-furan substrates with the active sites of complex multifunctional catalysts are described. Furthermore, techno-economic and life-cycle analysis is summarized along with standing challenges and future opportunities.
Psychiatry and the 21st Century: Reworking the DSM.

ABSTRACT After a long and torturous path, an elusive quest for structure and order may have misled the American Psychiatric Association to overexpand the scope of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) codification of mental disorders. The DSM and guidelines came to represent American psychiatry to the world. Although important for epidemiological and statistical research, in volume and complexity, the DSM challenges clinicians. The DSM effort at categorization must be reconceived to acknowledge modern biological realities. Molecular and other selective biological sciences no longer dominate biology as they did at the time of DSM's initial conception. Today, a Darwinian-Hippocratic combined biology leads psychiatry to address individuals and populations irretrievably and uniquely interdependent with environments. Unfortunately, the DSM, as currently conceived, fails to support this emerging 21st century biological grounding for psychiatry.
Efficient Classification with Adaptive KNN.

In this paper, we propose an adaptive kNN method for classification, in which different k are selected for different test samples. Our selection rule is easy to implement since it is completely adaptive and does not require any knowledge of the underlying distribution. The convergence rate of the risk of this classifier to the Bayes risk is shown to be minimax optimal for various settings. Moreover, under some special assumptions, the convergence rate is especially fast and does not decay with the increase of dimensionality.
FSW manufacturing process of cold plates compared to brazing for data center liquid cooling

Liquid cooling becomes more and more popular in high power server thermal design driven by increasing performance demand of HPC, AI and general computing. The cold plate based liquid cooling takes highest market share among all liquid cooling solutions, including, but not limited to, immersion cooling, two-phase refrigerate cooling in the server system. It’s critical to design and manufacture a reliable cold plate for meeting CPU/GPU thermal and mechanical design requirements which become more and more stringent. There are three main manufacture processes for the cold plate, including O-ring based, brazing and friction stir welding (FSW). The paper introduces detailed manufacture process of latter ones for comparison. A study of pros and cons between these manufacturing processes are also discussed in this paper. Finally, the industrial marketing overview and eco-system enabling will be also introduced in this paper to promote appropriate manufacturing process to meet targeting specific applications.
Trade Policy, Poverty, and Income Distribution in CGE Models: An Application to SAFTA

We describe a new CGE model of South Asia, and its application to understanding the socio-economic aspects of SAFTA. The model currently covers India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh, and the rest of South Asia. It is being expanded to include Nepal and Pakistan. The model incorporates modifications to the household structure to capture implications of reform for intra-household income changes.