cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Scalable multimedia content analysis on parallel platforms using python

In this new era dominated by consumer-produced media there is a high demand for web-scalable solutions to multimedia content analysis. A compelling approach to making applications scalable is to explicitly map their computation onto parallel platforms. However, developing efficient parallel implementations and fully utilizing the available resources remains a challenge due to the increased code complexity, limited portability and required low-level knowledge of the underlying hardware. In this article, we present PyCASP, a Python-based framework that automatically maps computation onto parallel platforms from Python application code to a variety of parallel platforms. PyCASP is designed using a systematic, pattern-oriented approach to offer a single software development environment for multimedia content analysis applications. Using PyCASP, applications can be prototyped in a couple hundred lines of Python code and automatically scale to modern parallel processors. Applications written with PyCASP are portable to a variety of parallel platforms and efficiently scale from a single desktop Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to an entire cluster with a small change to application code. To illustrate our approach, we present three multimedia content analysis applications that use our framework: a state-of-the-art speaker diarization application, a content-based music recommendation system based on the Million Song Dataset, and a video event detection system for consumer-produced videos. We show that across this wide range of applications, our approach achieves the goal of automatic portability and scalability while at the same time allowing easy prototyping in a high-level language and efficient performance of low-level optimized code.
The effects of structural recovery and thermal lag in temperature-modulated DSC measurements

Abstract It is well known that structural recovery in polymeric glass formers leads to the enthalpy overshoot in nonisothermal experiments. One common model for describing this phenomenon is the Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan (TNM) equation. Here we apply the TNM equation to analyze a typical temperature-modulated DSC (TMDSC) trace and examine the influence of the material nonlinearities on the dynamic heat flow. We show that, in the glass-transition region, the oscillating heat-flow response to the sinusoidal temperature input is a distorted sine wave. Hence, linear analysis of the phase lag between heat flow and temperature is not physically meaningful. The degree of distortion of the sinusoidal heat flow increases as the magnitude of the excess enthalpy annealing peak increases. In addition, we perform a thermal analysis of samples having different geometries and show that an apparent phase lag can result in the measured response due to the presence of thermal gradients in the sample. The significance of the results is discussed.
Top 10 Clinical Research Developments in Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) with thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity are a characteristic of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although many challenges and controversies exist regarding APS diagnosis and management, there has been significant progress in APS clinical research in parallel with increased understanding of the pathogenesis. The purpose of this review is to discuss the “top ten” recent clinical developments in APS, including the magnitude of the problem, standardization of aPL tests, predictors of clinical events, diagnostic algorithms, new clinical research collaboration, and potential future treatments, e.g., new anticoagulants and immunosuppressive agents.
The status of satellite-based rainfall estimation over land☆

During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in the area of rainfall estimation from space. The purpose of this paper is to provide land surface scientists with a broad overview of that progress, to highlight what is known about the performance of current rainfall estimation techniques, and to draw attention to some of the practical developments and instrument improvements anticipated during the remainder of the present decade.
Strontium isotopic geochemistry of intrusive rocks, Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles

The strontium isotopic geochemistry is given for three Puerto Rican intrusive rocks: the granodioritic Morovis and San Lorenzo plutons and the Rio Blanco stock of quartz dioritic composition. The average calculated initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios are 0.70370, 0.70355 and 0.70408, respectively. In addition, the San Lorenzo data establish a whole-rock isochron of 71 +- 2 m.y., which agrees with the previously reported K-At age of 73 m.y. Similarity of most of the intrusive rocks in the Greater Antilles with respect to their strontium isotopic geochemistry regardless of their major element composition indicates that intrusive magmas with a wide range of composition can be derived from a single source material. The most likely source material, in view of the available isotopic data, is the mantle wedge overlying the subduction zone.
Shell crosslinked polymer assemblies: Nanoscale constructs inspired from biological systems

The general approach involving the organization of polymers into micellar assemblies followed by stabilization through covalent intramicellar crosslinking of the assemblies has emerged as a powerful method for the production of well-defined nanostructured materials, having an amphiphilic core-shell morphology. When the covalent crosslinks are limited to the chain segments that compose the polymer micelle shell, then shell crosslinked knedel-like (SCK) nanostructures result. The shell composition dictates the interactions of the SCKs with external agents, forms a barrier layer over the core domain, and provides robust character to the nanoparticle. Because of the stability that the crosslinked shell provides, the core domain can be of dramatically different compositions and properties—glassy, fluidlike, and crystalline polymer chains have been employed for the core material and the effects that each contributes to the overall nanostructure properties have been examined. Most notably, the shell crosslinks allow for complete removal of the core to generate hollow (solvent-filled) nanoscale cagelike structures. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 1397–1407, 2000
Adaptive multiuser detector for asynchronous DS-CDMA in Rayleigh fading

This paper deals with multiple access interference cancellation for an asynchronous direct sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system in the presence of channel fading. We propose an adaptive detector for signal decorrelation during every bit period by having the knowledge of signature waveforms. The performance of this detector is compared to other detectors under Gaussian channel noise and fading condition.
Aerothermoelastic Analysis of a NASP-Like Vertical Fin

Several aeroelastic stability analyses for a vertical fin similar to that of the National Aero-Space Plane are described. The objectives of the study were to design and obtain an experimental data base for a supersonic wind-tunnel model of the fin in order to examine the effects of thermal loading on the flutter characteristics. This paper describes the preliminary efforts to design the wind-tunnel model, including several of the geometric parameter variations that were analyzed. The dominant flutter mechanism involved a flap vibration mode and a fin bending mode. Variation of the thicknesses of flap and root flexures, used to attach the flap to the fin, and the fin to a support, significantly affected the flutter boundary. Uniform thermal loads, affecting only material properties, had little effect, as did the application of different uniform temperatures to each side of the fin. In contrast, the application of significant chord-wise thermal gradients induced stresses which reduced the flutter dynamic pressure by as much as 37 percent. For less extreme distributed loading, the low-aspect ratio fin was relatively unaffected.
A higher order method of multiple scales

This letter presents some extensions to the method of Rahman and Burton which allows the derivation of modulation equations from which steady state, periodic response solutions and their stability can be determined and allows application to multi degree of freedom systems.
Natural Frequencies and Mode Shapes of Mechanically Coupled Microbeam Resonators with an Application to Micromechanical Filters

We present a methodology to calculate analytically the mode shapes and corresponding frequencies of mechanically coupled microbeam resonators. To demonstrate the methodology, we analyze a mechanical filter composed of two beams coupled by a weak beam. The boundary-value problem (BVP) for the linear vibration problem of the coupled beams depends on the number of beams and the boundary conditions of the attachment points. This implies that the system of linear homogeneous algebraic equations becomes larger as the array of resonators becomes complicated. We suggest a method to reduce the large system of equations into a smaller system. We reduce the BVP composed of five equations and twenty boundary conditions to a set of three linear homogeneous algebraic equations for three constants and the frequencies. This methodology can be simply extended to accommodate any configuration of mechanically coupled arrays. To validate our methodology, we compare our analytical results to these obtained numerically using ANSYS. We found that the agreement is excellent. We note that the weak coupling beam splits the frequency of the single resonator into two close frequencies. In addition, the effect of the coupling beam location on the natural frequencies, and hence the filter behavior, is investigated.
Aerosol chemistry and climate: Laboratory studies of the carbonate component of mineral dust and its reaction products

[1] The hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nucleation (CCN) activity and infrared optical extinction of CaCO3, a reactive component of mineral dust aerosol, and Ca(NO3)2, a product of atmospherically-aged CaCO3 through reaction with nitrogen oxides, have been measured. The hygroscopic growth and CCN activity of Ca(NO3)2 are orders of magnitude greater than CaCO3 and more similar to ammonium sulfate. Ca(NO3)2 particles also reflect a greater amount of near infrared radiation at higher relative humidity. These measurements provide the first quantitative assessment of the important changes in climate forcing that can occur as mineral dust aerosol is transported, reacted and aged in the atmosphere.
Ultrasonic determination of the temperature dependence of the electron mean free path in cesium single crystal

Abstract The ultrasonic attenuation of high frequency longitudinal waves has been measured in transverse and oblique magnetic fields to determine the temperature dependence of the phonon-limited mean free path in cesium single crystals. Below 2.5°K, the mean free path varies as T 4.8 . The results are compared with electrical resistivity measurements in cesium.
Localization and anchoring of mRNA in budding yeast

Abstract Background: Eukaryotic cells localize selected mRNAs to a region of the cell as a means to sequester proteins. Signals within the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) facilitate mRNA localization by both actin and microtubule cytoskeletal systems. Recently, an mRNA in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ASH1 , was shown to coalesce into a discrete particle that is maintained at the bud tip. Mutations in five genes, SHE1–SHE5 , cause defects in particle formation and/or localization of the ASH1 transcript. Factors at the destination of the mRNA transport remain to be identified. Results: We have developed a system to label mRNA in living yeast with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and follow the dynamics of mRNA movement and localization. Constitutively expressing an ASH1 mRNA containing the bacteriophage MS2 coat-protein binding site adjacent to the ASH1 3′ UTR allowed us to visualize ASH1 mRNA with an MS2-coat-protein–GFP fusion protein (together denoted ‘gRNA ASH1 '). The gRNA ASH1 was restricted to the bud tip in small to large budded cells, migrated to the bud neck prior to cell separation and then rapidly relocalized to the incipient site of bud growth. It also localized to regions of polarized growth during mating. In cells lacking Bud6p/Aip3p or Bnilp/She5p, which are involved in polarity establishment and actin organization, gRNA ASH1 migrated to the bud but failed to remain at the bud tip. These studies reveal discrete transport and anchoring steps in mRNA localization. Conclusions: The ASH1 mRNA was maintained at sites of polarized growth throughout the vegetative and mating cell cycles. Bud6p/Aip3p and Bni1p/She5p are required to maintain the transcript at the cortical bud cap.
Quantitative CT for volumetric analysis of medical images: initial results for liver tumors

Quantitative CT for volumetric analysis of medical images is increasingly being proposed for monitoring patient response during chemotherapy trials. An integrated MATLAB GUI has been developed for an oncology trial at Georgetown University Hospital. This GUI allows for the calculation and visualization of the volume of a lesion. The GUI provides an estimate of the volume of the tumor using a semi-automatic segmentation technique. This software package features a fixed parameter adaptive filter from the ITK toolkit and a tumor segmentation algorithm to reduce inter-user variability and to facilitate rapid volume measurements. The system also displays a 3D rendering of the segmented tumor, allowing the end user to have not only a quantitative measure of the tumor volume, but a qualitative view as well. As an initial validation test, several clinical cases were hand-segmented, and then compared against the results from the tool, showing good agreement.
Gas-Chromatographic Analysis of Volatiles Contributing to Harsh Flavor in Peanut Butter Ice Cream

Abstract Peanut butter ice cream in which the peanut butter was incorporated into the basic ice cream mix before vat pasteurization at 71 C for 30 min possessed a more desirable flavor than ice cream to which the peanut butter was added during the freezing process. In the latter, the finished ice cream exhibited a harsh flavor. Gas-liquid chromatography was used to determine the compound(s) volatilized during the heat treatment which were possible contributors to the harsh flavor. Analyses were made of head-space vapors collected during pasteurization of plain ice cream mix, peanut butter ice cream mix, and each ice cream mix ingredient. These analyses revealed that the peanut butter was the source of at least two volatile compounds that were possible contributors to the harsh flavor. Identification of these compounds was accomplished by comparison with 13 compounds previously reported as constituents of peanuts. Prepared samples of the known compounds were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography, and the profiles compared with those of the unknowns. Isobutyraldehyde and isovaleraldehyde were identified as the components in question.
Novel T/R switch architectures for MIMO applications

In this paper, we present new architectures for three kinds of RF switches (DPDT, DP4T, 4P4T) with very simple control logics and high power handling capabilities. Implementation of DPDT, DP4T, and 4P4T switch matrix for multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) applications is demonstrated with measurements. The suggested DPDT, DP4T, and 4P4T switch architectures require only one, two and three control lines, respectively, regardless of semiconductor technology. The developed DPDT switch demonstrates 1.0 dB of insertion loss, 19 dB of isolation, and 31 dBm of input P0.1 dB, 34.5 dBm of input P1 dB in 3/0 V operation at 5.8 GHz. The DP4T, 4P4T switches exhibit 1.8 dB, 2.8 dB of insertion loss, and 23/37 dB, 20/35/55 dB of isolation, respectively, and 31 dBm of input P0.1 dB, 35 dBm of input P1 dB in 3/0 V operation at 5.8 GHz. The MMICs are developed in a commercial 0.25-/spl mu/m GaAs pHEMT process. These switch architectures are preferable for the Si-based processes because the substrate vias are not required due to their generic topologies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the simple architectures for RF switch matrix for MIMO applications.
Effects of mode and order of administration on generic health-related quality of life scores.

Objective We evaluate the effects of mode and order of administration on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores.
Is snus the same as dip? Smokers' perceptions of new smokeless tobacco advertising

Background Since 2006, leading US cigarette companies have been promoting new snus products as line extensions of popular cigarette brands. These promotional efforts include direct mail marketing to consumers on cigarette company mailing lists. This study examines smokers9 reactions to this advertising and perceptions of the new snus products. Methods Eight focus groups (n=65 participants) were conducted in San Francisco and Los Angeles in 2010 with smokers who received tobacco direct mail advertising. The focus group discussions assessed smokers9 perceptions of the new snus products. Focus group videos were transcribed and coded using Transana software to identify common themes. Results Most participants were aware of snus advertising and many had tried free samples. Most were aware that snus was supposed to be ‘different’ from traditional chewing tobacco but consistently did not know why. Participants willing to try snus still identified strongly as smokers, and for some participants, trying snus reinforced their preference for smoking. Snus9 major benefits were use in smoke-free environments and avoiding social stigma related to secondhand smoke. Participants were sceptical of the idea that snus was safer than cigarettes and did not see it as an acceptable substitute for cigarettes or as a cessation aid. Conclusions Smokers repeated some messages featured in early snus advertising. Snus was not seen as an acceptable substitute for smoking or way to quit cigarettes. Current smoker responses to snus advertising are not consistent with harm reduction.
Rate distortion with state information: bounds and interpretations

We generate a class of lower bounds for rate distortion function with state information, based on a simplification of the rate distortion solution and a derivation of its Lagrange dual problem, which is shown to be a geometric program that extends the Lagrange dual of rate distortion R(D) without state information.
Parabens detection in different zones of the human breast: consideration of source and implications of findings

This article is a discussion of the recent study by Barr, Metaxas, Harbach, Savoy and Darbre (2012; J. Appl. Toxicol. 32; doi: 10.1002/jat.1786) reporting residues of five paraben esters in the human breast, at concentrations up to the microgram per gram tissue range and with highest concentrations in the axilla area (closest to the underarm). The conclusion is that the detection of intact esters that have escaped the action of esterases is consistent with a local (dermal) exposure source since the metabolic capacity of the gut and liver would produce p-hydroxybenzoic acid as the common metabolite. Whereas the zone concentration differences (propylparaben was found at highest concentrations in the axilla) support an underarm exposure model, seven subjects reportedly never used underarm cosmetics, and other exposure sources, including other cosmetic product types, are discussed. The findings are placed into context with the limited regulatory toxicology database on parabens, oestrogenic action of the parabens, and status of the parabens, cosmetics and human health debate.
Vibration-induced droplet cooling of microelectronic components

This paper describes a unique two-phase cooling method that includes a closed heat transfer cell, similar to a thermosyphon that can be used to cool microelectronic packages. The cooling method is based upon a Vibration-Induced Droplet Atomization, or VIDA, process that can generate small liquid droplets inside a closed cell and propel them onto a heated surface. The VIDA technique involves the violent break-up of a liquid film into a shower of droplets by vibrating a piezoelectric actuator and accelerating the liquid film at resonant conditions. The droplets continually coat the surface with a thin liquid film, which evaporates on the heated surface, and the vapor is condensed on the internal surfaces of the heat transfer cell. The condensed liquid is returned via gravity to the piezoelectric actuator where it is again atomized. VIDA heat transfer cells ranging in diameter from 12 to 41 mm, which generate spherical droplets between 50 and 100 /spl mu/m, have been constructed. Test data described in this study include the operating characteristics of the VIDA cell as well as preliminary cooling capabilities for a small-scale cell that is suitable for cooling a desktop microprocessor. The VIDA process produces droplets of relatively uniform diameter, and the droplets have sufficient momentum to reach the remotely located heated source. Heat fluxes as high as 40 W/cm/sup 2/ have been measured when a chilled water jacket is used as the external heat removal device.
Decreased cortical spreading depolarizations in neurosurgical patients being given ketamine

Evaluation of: Hertle DN, Dreier JP, Woitzik J et al.; Cooperative Study of Brain Injury Depolarizations (COSBID). Effect of analgesics and sedatives on the occurrence of spreading depolarizations accompanying acute brain injury. Brain 135(Pt 8), 2390–2398 (2012). This retrospective review by the Cooperative Study of Brain Injury Depolarizations group of 115 patients correlates the occurrence of cortical spreading depolarization (SD), measured with cortical electrodes, with the type of sedation used during monitoring in the intensive care unit. SD has recently been implicated in the progression of acute brain injury, and this study represents the first systematic approach to attempt to understand whether the deleterious effects of SD can be impacted with drug therapy. A significantly decreased probability of SD occurrence was documented with ketamine, but none of the five other drugs that were studied. This effect was seen across all days of monitoring and seemed to have a dose-dependent effect. In evalua...
Bearing fault detection for direct-drive wind turbines via stator current spectrum analysis

Bearing faults constitute a significant portion of all faults in wind turbine generators (WTGs). Current-based bearing fault detection has significant advantages over traditional vibration-based methods in terms of cost, implementation, and system reliability. This paper proposes a method based on stator current power spectral density (PSD) analysis for bearing fault detection of direct-drive WTGs. In the proposed method, appropriate interpolation/up-sampling and down-sampling algorithms are designed to convert the variable fundamental frequency of the stator current to a fixed frequency according to the estimated fundamental speed of the WTG. Consequently, the characteristic frequencies of bearing faults can be clearly identified form the resulting stator current PSD. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect bearing outer-race and inner-race defects for a direct-drive WTG.
Economic Sophistication in Nineteenth Century Congressional Tariff Debates

One of the most controversial economic issues confronting the American public during the nineteenth century was that of protection. The plea for a protective tariff had been raised as soon as the First Congress met in 1789. The issue was sharply debated off and on throughout the nineteenth century but never finally resolved. There is now a large literature relating the outcome of this issue to the economic and political interests of various involved groups.
Emergence of linezolid-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in a cancer centre linked to increased linezolid utilization

Objectives The prevalence of linezolid-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) in the MD Anderson Cancer Center rose from 0.6% in 2007 to 5.5% in 2009. The aim of our study was to analyse the relationship between linezolid use and an outbreak of linezolid-resistant CoNS. Patients and methods We retrospectively identified 27 infection or colonization events. Eleven isolates were available for supplemental investigation; species identification, clonal relatedness and linezolid resistance mutation analysis. The medical records of the affected patients were reviewed and linezolid utilization data were obtained from the pharmacy. Results Available isolates were confirmed as clonally related Staphylococcus epidermidis. Partial 23S rRNA gene sequencing found a G2576T mutation in all of the isolates tested. All patients received linezolid within 3 months prior to an event. Patients without a prior hospitalization had a longer time from admission to event; 29 versus 3.5 days (P = 0.002). The outbreak was preceded by a 51% increase in inpatient linezolid utilization and 64% of affected patients belonged to the leukaemia service, which had a utilization rate 3.1 times that of the other services (95% confidence interval: 2.96-3.23). Conclusions Increased linezolid utilization preceded the appearance of a linezolid-resistant CoNS clone. Patients probably acquired the clonal strain nosocomially, given the longer time from admission to event among patients with no previous admission to the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Linezolid administration then selected this strain, since all patients received linezolid prior to an event. A linezolid utilization rate of >or=13 defined daily doses/100 patient-days was similar to that reported in two other outbreaks and may be the threshold required to generate an outbreak.
High-performance distributed Raman amplification systems: practical aspects and field trial results

We introduce high-performance distributed Raman amplification (DRA) systems employing a DRA/EDFA hybrid amplifier scheme with practical aspects based on safety considerations. We also describe successful field trial results using the scheme with high pump-efficiency.
Pulmonary Vascular Response to Exercise in the Dog

The effects of exercise on the pulmonary circulation were studied in seven experiments on five dogs. Pulsatile pulmonary arterial flow and pressure and left arterial pressure were measured by chronically implanted transducers; pulmonary vascular input impedance, resistance, and hydraulic power were computed. The average effects of running on a treadmill at 6.5 mph, as compared with the resting state, were an increase in cardiac output from 2.59 liters/ min to 5.30 liters/ min, a rise in mean pulmonary arterial pressure from 18 mm Hg to 28 mm Hg, and no consistent change in mean left arterial pressure. Pulmonary vascular resistance fell from 482 dyne sec cm at rest to 372 dyne sec cm-5 during exercise. Characteristic input impedance rose from 147 dyne sec cm-- at rest to 199 dyne sec cm-5 during exercise, and the oscillations of the impedance modulus with frequency decreased in magnitude. These changes were consistent with passive distention of the pulmonary vessels, decreasing the compliance of the large ...
WICER: A Weighted Inter-Cluster Edge Ranking for Clustered Graphs

Several algorithms based on link analysis have been developed to measure the importance of nodes on a graph such as pages on the World Wide Web. PageRank and HITS are the most popular ranking algorithms to rank the nodes of any directed graph. But, both these algorithms assign equal importance to all the edges and nodes, ignoring the semantically rich information from nodes and edges. Therefore, in the case of a graph containing natural clusters, these algorithms do not differentiate between inter-cluster edges and intra-cluster edges. Based on this parameter, we propose a weighted inter-cluster edge ranking for clustered graphs that weighs edges (based on whether it is an inter-cluster or an intra-cluster edge) and nodes (based on the number of clusters it connects). We introduce a parameter '/spl alpha/' which can be adjusted depending on the bias desired in a clustered graph. Our experiments were two fold. We implemented our algorithm to a relationship set representing legal entities and documents and the results indicate the significance of the weighted edge approach. We also generated biased and random walks to quantitatively study the performance.
“Poor little things” and “Brave little souls”: The portrayal of individuals with disabilities in children's literature

Abstract A collection of 59 books for young children portraying characters with disabilities were reviewed to determine their literary quality and the extent to which the story line and characters mirror the educational and demographic trends in our society. The results indicate a rise in the overall number of books being published and a greater diversity of disabilities being portrayed in recent publications. However, few books contained ethnically diverse characters, few were in languages other than English, and all placed little or no emphasis on specific cultural practices. Considering the cultural and linguistic diversity of our public schools, the limited number of children's books representing multiethnic characters with disabilities reflects a tremendous imbalance in this literature base.
Health rights in the balance: the case against perinatal shackling of women behind bars

Rationalized for decades on security grounds, perinatal shackling entails the application of handcuffs, leg irons, and/or waist shackles to the incarcerated woman prior to, during, and after labor and delivery. During labor and delivery proper, perinatal shackling may entail chaining women to the hospital bed by the ankle, wrist, or both. Medically untenable, legally challenged, and ever controversial, perinatal shackling remains the standard of practice in most US states despite sustained two-decades-long efforts by health rights legal advocates, human rights organizations, and medical professionals. Herein we review the current statutory, regulatory, legal, and medical framework undergirding the use of restraints on pregnant inmates and explore potential avenues of redress and relief to this challenge. We also recognize the courage of the women whose stories are being told. If history is any guide, the collective thrust of domestic and international law, attendant litigation, dedicated advocacy, and strength of argument bode well for continued progress toward restraint-free pregnancies in correctional settings. Language: en
Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: A Need for Sex-Specific Diagnostic Algorithms.

The decades-long research focus on the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) has provided insights into sex-specific factors that are uniquely important in the noninvasive diagnosis of myocardial ischemic syndromes in women. Evidence gained from the landmark WISE (Women’s Ischemic
Hematuria associated with sickle cell trait during pregnancy.

Although sickle cell trait is usually considered a benign condition, it has frequently been associated with hematuria and an increased incidence of pyelonephritis. This case report highlights the complications that can occur with sickle cell trait in a pregnant patient. Pregnancy enhances the susceptibility for renal problems, and pregnant patients who develop complications require close monitoring for anemia, which can ultimately cause renal or uteroplacental insufficiency and pose a threat to the fetus. We would like to alert physicians doing routine antenatal care to serious complications that can arise in patients with a sickle cell trait.
Abstract 3033: Identification of the MUC16/CA125 interaction network: Results of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening

Background: MUC16 is a well-known serum marker for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. MUC16 is involved in oncogenic transformation and is associated with migration, invasion, and tumor growth. Due to the large size of this mucin, the interacting partners involved in signaling and transformation have not been investigated. Materials and Methods: We performed a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening to investigate putative protein interactions with MUC16. A construct of the MUC16 carboxyterminus, lacking the transmembrane domain (≥mC89), was cloned into the activation domain of the yeast vector pGBKT7. Three different ovarian cancer cDNA prey libraries were tested against the bait μmC89. Of all blue yeast colonies cDNA prey-inserts were analysed with PCR and plasmids were recovered from yeast cultures. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool was used to identify corresponding genes in the GenBank Database. Gene expression- and correlation analyses of human ovarian cancer data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were performed. Immunoprecipitation analyses and magnetic immonoassays were performed to confirm potential interaction partners in human ovarian cancer cell lines. Results: Screening of approximately 30,000,000 colony-forming units identified 238 yeast colonies that maintained promoter activation when cultivated in selective media. PCR and sequencing of cDNA inserts of cultivated yeast colonies nominated 84 candidates as putative binding partners for MUC16. Analysis of TCGA data did not identify direct linkage between mRNA expression of MUC16 and the nominated partners in human ovarian cancers. Based on this analysis and on their biological function, six partners were chosen for further confirmatory analyses: AMHR2, eEF1α, EGF, GAL1, PPP2CB, and SEPT2. Results of the confirmation analyses are pending. Our findings suggest a role of these proteins in regulating MUC16 signaling and transformation mechanisms. Conclusions: We nominate six novel potential partners for interaction with the MUC16 carboxyterminus (≥mC89). These proteins might be involved in ovarian cancer signaling and transformation and might be useful novel targets for vaccines, antibodies and drug inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3033. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3033
Mission-specific flying qualities criteria

A method for establishing mission-specific performance standards is presented for use in flying qualities evaluations. The proposed performance standards provide a linear relationship between objective performance targets and the subjective Cooper-Harper Rating Scale. The method develops these standards in such a way that compliance with flying qualities criteria implies attainment of performance levels that are meaninml to the specific mission being evaluated. The method is applicable to any task that is considered safety critical. It requires a specific definition of optimal performance and of loss-ofcontrol. With these definitions, "desired and "adequate" performance can be directly derived. Since the defined limits are mission-specific. the resulting performance standards are also mission-specific. The concept of Cooper-Harper Scale linearity is discussed in the context of workload plus performance versus mean Cooper-Harper Rating. In addition. a method for linearly interpolating the selected performance metrics is given. With this more rigorous enforcement of linearity, the pilot and analyst have a more precise tool for evaluating flying qualities. Further, Cooper-Harper Scale linearity provides a foundation for a meaningful application of the P(L0C) statistical model. Specific examples in the critical landing phase are given to highlight the differences between performance standards appropriate to commercial transports versus carrier-borne attack aircraft. These illustrate how the definitions of "desired and "adequate" are directly impacted by the definition of "loss of control." Although the proposed method is developed using the Cooper-Harper Scale, it is not restricted to this scale. Any pilot-in-the-loop workload scale that relates workload to achieved performance and defines a loss-of-control boundary can employ this method. This "modularity" in the approach yields a flexible framework for establishing performance criteria, one which can accommodate improvements in our understanding the complex interactions of the pilot and airplane.
Total Management of Cerebral Atherosclerosis

Cerebral atherosclerosis is only one aspect of a systemic disease. It is clearly recognized that coronary occlusion is a major morbidity factor in those who suffer from carotid atherosclerosis. If the neurosurgeon is to assume a role other than that of the arterial technician, then he must assume total responsibility for bringing the maximum available total treatment to his patient. Though risk factors are now well known, and methods for minimizing them are well established, most papers on surgical management of atherosclerosis do not report an optimum concomitant medical regimen.
Clean process for the ethoxylation of o-nitrochlorobenzene to o-nitroethoxybenzene using quaternary ammonium anion exchange resin

In this paper, o-nitroethoxybenzene was prepared by using o-nitrochlorobenzene,sodium hydroxide and ethanol as raw materials in the presence of quaternary ammonium anion resin. The results by simple search method experiment indicated that the conversion of o-nitrochlorobenzene was 80.3% and the selectivity of o-nitroethoxybenzene was nearly 100% under the optimized experiment conditions: reaction temperature T = 60℃, NaOH concentration w = 50% , NaOH aq drop-addition time t=2h, stirring speed p=800r/min. The virtues of this process were that recycling use of quaternary ammonium anion resin was easy and could be used 8 times in intermittent operation, another advantage was that the reaction product could be separated easily from the mixture.
Implementation of Scalability Model for Heterogeneous Parallel Computing System

Efficiency and scalability are two important concepts for analyzing the performance of parallel computing systems. Although heterogeneous systems have become more and more common,the research of the heterogeneous system's scalability returns very few back. This paper presents a definition of efficiency that can be fit for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. According to this definition,it presents a scalability model that can be applied to both heterogeneous systems and homogeneous systems. Experimental results show that the model can estimate preferably the efficiency and scalability of parallel computing systems.
The Project Management of Automobile

Based on the basic theory about project management,this article analyzes the project management's meaning for automobile industry,the characteristic of automobile industry and discusses the management skills of project management.
Analysis on Cause of Death among Residents in Hangu District of Tianjin in 2009

[Objective]To analyze the main causes of death in Hangu district of Tianjin,provide the basis for making health planning and disease control strategies.[Methods]The death data of residents in Hangu district in 2009 were analyzed,and were classified according to International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10).The standardized rate was calculated on the basis of national population composition in 2000.[Results]1301 deaths were reported in 2009,the mortality rate was 749.43/lakh,the male and female mortality was 804.41/lakh and 693.53/lakh respectively.The top five causes of death were malignant tumor,heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,injury and poisoning,respiratory diseases,which the mortality was 214.86/lakh,194.70/lakh,193.55/lakh,43.20/lakh and 40.32/lakh respectively.[Conclusion]Chronic non-communicable diseases,injury and poisoning have become the main diseases that do serious harm to the health of residents in Hangu district.The prevention and control should be further strengthened.
Social facilitation of feeding and time budgets in stabled ponies.

Summary Eight pairs of pony mares were observed. Members of a pair were housed in adjacent stalls and fed hay ad libitum. The behavior of both ponies was recorded simultaneously in the morning (1000 to 1200 h) and afternoon (1400 to 1600 h) for a total of 117 h. The time budget was: 70.1 + 8.6% eating; 17.8  7.4% standing (including stand rest, stand alert and stand non~lert); 5.2 + 7.0% pushing hay; 2.9 + 1.2% walking; 1.9 + 2.9% drinking; 1.3  1.1% self-grooming; .2  .3% defecating; .06 -+ .1% chewing nonfood items; .06  .03% urination; .06  .1% licking salt; .07  .1% pawing hay; .6 +- .7% lying and .07 -+ .08% stretching the neck over the stall wall dividing the ponies. While eating, the ponies lifted their heads 25.4  11.0 times/h. In less than one-half of the occasions when urination or defecation was observed, the ponies walked away from the spot where they had been eating to eliminate. During one-half of the observations, visual contact between the ponies was prevented by a solid partition between the stalls. The ponies spent significantly more time standing nonalert when the partition prevented visual contact (12 + 7%) than when visual contact could take place (6 +- 3%, P<.05). When fresh hay was supplied in the mornings, the ponies spent similar amounts of time eating whether visual contact was allowed or not, but in the after
Rituals, Stereotypies, and Obsessive-Compulsive Behavior

Rituals, stereotypies, and obsessive-compulsive behavior are all terms used to describe one of the core symptoms of autistic disorder and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs; Militerni, Bravaccio, Falco, Fico, & Palermo, 2002). Their inclusion in the symptomatology related to ASDs can be traced back to Kanner’s (1943) description of the disorder, which included various forms of repetition such as rituals, motor stereotypy, compulsions, and obsessions (Bodfish, Symons, Parker, & Lewis, 2000). Bodfish et al. and Bodfish (2007) point out that there is a lack of consensus regarding the terminology used to refer to such behavior. For example, Bodfish et al.
Proximal interphalangeal joint following traumatic arthritis.

SUMMARY The motivated patient with symptomatic post-traumatic PIP joint stiffness and discomfort has the potential for significant functional improvement. The specific treatment will depend on many factors, including residual joint architecture, alignment, and condition of the soft tissues. The careful surgeon will review all physical and roentgenographic data with the patient and involve her/him in the treatment plan. The function achieved eventually will depend as much on the motivated patient in the hands of a skilled therapist as on the surgeon’s meticulous technique.
Social Security Policy Today

Social Security, or Old Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI), is one of the most important and long-lived social policies in the United States. Beechey offers a succinct background to Social Security policy to help readers understand the technical aspects of the policy in order to understand the fiscal solvency questions which bring Social Security to the policy agenda. By understanding how the policy works today, including differential outcomes by gender, race, class, and age, the reader can better understand what is at stake in Social Security policy debates.
A Topological Definition of Limits for Use in Elementary Calculus

We describe a topological definition of the limit that can be used as an alternative to the standard definition in elementary calculus. In particular, we replace intervals centered about the releva...
On the Interest Rate Sensitivity of Corporate Securities: Implications at the Firm and Index Level

We use contingent claim asset pricing and exploit capital structure priority to better understand the relation between corporate security returns and interest rate changes, i.e., duration. We show theoretically and confirm empirically that lower priority securities, such as subordinated debt and equity, have low or even negative durations because they are effectively short higher priority, high duration, fixed rate debt. This finding has important implications for interpreting (i) time-varying correlations between the stock market and government bonds, (ii) bond factors in pricing models and forecasting models for bond and stock returns, (iii) the Fisher effect, and (iv) the betas of corporate bonds.
Mothers' Insistence when Prohibiting Infants from Harming Others in Everyday Interactions.

Social interactions about transgressions provide a context for the development of children’s moral aversion to harming others. This study investigated mothers’ insistence when communicating the prohibition against harming others to infants in everyday home interactions. Mothers’ reactions to infants’ use of force against others (moral harm transgressions) were compared to their reactions to transgressions pertaining to infant wellbeing (prudential) and transgressions pertaining to inconvenience (pragmatic). Twenty-six infants and their families participated in 2.5-hour naturalistic home observations when infants were 14, 19, and 24 months old. Mothers’ interventions on moral harm transgressions involved increased use of physical interventions and direct commands, and decreased use of distractions, softening interventions, and relenting/compromising, compared to their interventions on prudential and pragmatic transgressions. Children showed the greatest immediate compliance with, and least protests against, maternal interventions on moral harm transgressions.
Agency reform as decision process: The reengineering of the Agency for International Development

The Agency for International Development (AID), the U.S. Government's principal dispenser of foreign economic assistance, is struggling to define its mission in the post Cold War era. AID staff and overseas presence has contracted in recent years following 'reinvention' reforms. But reinvention has not clarified the agency's mission nor protected it from powerful critics. AID's future depends on its ability to develop a mission that excites popular demand. Agency reformers promote foreign aid as a means to advance sustainable development in developing countries. But AID's sustainable development mission lacks credibility because it excludes references to reforms required in post-industrial societies. Participation of U.S. local interests in aid management and more effective promotion of familiar premises for aid (many of them consistent with the tenets of sustainable development) are essential elements of a revitalized foreign aid program.
An SIV macaque model of SIV and HAND: the need for adjunctive therapies in HIV that target activated monocytes and macrophages

Non-human primate models of AIDS and neuroAIDS are critical to study HIV infection of the CNS, neuropathology, and immune activation and macrophage accumulation that occurs in HAND. SIV, similar to HIV, infects CD4+ T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Virus enters the CNS early, and macrophage activation correlates with CNS disease, as well as inflammation outside of the CNS. Antiretroviral in HIV+ humans and SIV+ Rhesus macaques results in non-detectable plasma virus, decreased or non-detectable viral RNA or protein in the CNS. But, viral DNA rebounds following therapy interruption, demonstrating the presence of replication competent virus in the CNS within myeloid cells. In this brief review, we discuss our findings using a Rhesus macaque model of SIV-associated CNS infection and pathology, focusing on monocyte/macrophage activation and the link between CNS and cardiac disease. We conclude with recent studies using adjunctive therapy targeting monocytes/macrophages with ART to prevent or diminish CNS pathology that may be associated with HAND.