cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Molecular Accordion: Vapoluminescence and Molecular Flexibility in the Orange and Green Luminescent Crystals of the Dimer, Au2(μ-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ethane)2Br2

Solutions containing the components Au(+), dppe (dppe is bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), and Br(-) in a 1:1:1 ratio can produce three different types of crystals: type A, orange luminescent solvates of the dimer Au(2)(dppe)(2)Br(2) (Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(OSMe(2)), Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(OCMe(2)), Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(CH(2)Cl(2)), Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(HC(O)NMe(2))); type B, green luminescent solvates of the same dimer (Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·(NCMe) and Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·0.5(C(4)H(10)O)); and type C, orange luminescent solvates of a polymer ({Au(μ-dppe)Br}(n)·0.5(C(4)H(10)O) and {Au(μ-dppe)Br}(n)·(CH(2)Cl(2))). Some crystals of types A are solvoluminescent. Exposure of type A crystals of Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(OCMe(2)) or Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2)·2(CH(2)Cl(2)) to air or vacuum results in the loss of the orange luminescence and the formation of new green luminescent crystals. Subsequent exposure of these crystals to acetone or dichloromethane vapor results in the reformation of crystals of type A. The dimeric complexes in crystals of types A and B are all centrosymmetric and share a common ring conformation. Within these dimers, the coordination geometry of each gold center is planar with a P(2)Br donor set. In other respects, the Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2) molecule is remarkably flexible and behaves as a molecular accordion, whose dimensions depend upon the solvate content of a particular crystalline phase. In particular, the dimer Au(2)(μ-dppe)(2)Br(2) is able to accommodate Au···Au separations that range from 3.8479(3) to 3.0943(2) A, and these variations along with alterations in the Au-Br distances and in the P-Au-P angles are the likely causes of the differences in the luminescence properties of these crystals.
Ultraviolet Solar Radiation Over the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico

Ultraviolet solar radiation was measured and recorded on a 5-minute, hourly and daily basis at four sites on the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico (located from 18° to 18° 30’N latitude and from 65° 30’ to 67° 15’W longitude) over a 24 calendar month time frame. Data were measured by an Eppley Total Ultraviolet Radiometer (TUVR) mounted on a horizontal surface (0.285 ≤ λ ≤ 0.385 μm wavelengths). This data presents the first published data on ultraviolet radiation over Puerto Rico. The data sheds new light on the ultraviolet radiation characteristics of this tropical island. Characteristics such as the daily average, monthly average hourly, monthly average daily, and annual average daily ultraviolet radiation are presented. The ratio of the monthly average daily ultraviolet radiation to the monthly average daily global radiation varied between 0.0476 and 0.0498, with a mean value of 0.0487 ± 0.0009. A regression correlation between ultraviolet and global radiation on an hourly basis is also developed.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Sampling from Populations: Sample Surveys

Much empirical data arises from experiments, in which the investigator interacts in some way with the units of observation and actually influences the conditions of the units leading to the measurements. Many other sets of data result from simply observing, that is, making a survey. It is to such investigations that we now turn our attention. Usually one cannot observe every individual in the population, and often this would not even be desirable, for many individuals are similar. One does not need to eat the whole bowl to learn how the soup tastes; a spoonful will suffice, provided that the soup has been adequately stirred. The “spoonful” is a sample from the bowl (population), and “stirring” corresponds to drawing a random sample.
In vivo effects of hydrostatic pressure on interstitium of abdominal wall muscle

Fluid loss from the peritoneal cavity to surrounding tissue varies directly with intraperitoneal hydrostatic pressure (Pip). According to Darcy’s law [Q = −KA(dPif/dx)], fluid flux (Q) across a cro...
Cosmetic surgery attitudes among midlife women: Appearance esteem, weight esteem, and fear of negative appearance evaluation.

Previous research has examined factors thought to influence individuals' interest in cosmetic surgery, yet few studies have examined these issues among midlife women. This study examines predictors of cosmetic surgery attitudes among midlife women ( N = 114; age = 45-65 years; Mage = 53.7) and considers a previously unexplored variable: fear of negative appearance evaluation. Results indicated that lower weight and appearance esteem were associated with more positive cosmetic surgery attitudes and greater fear of negative appearance evaluation. Furthermore, fear of negative appearance evaluation mediated the relationship between appearance and weight esteem and cosmetic surgery attitudes. We conclude that fear of negative appearance evaluation is an important factor to consider in examining cosmetic surgery attitudes.
Strong coordination over a line when actions are Markovian

We analyze the problem of strong coordination over a multi-hop line network when the actions to be generated by the nodes satisfy a Markov chain that is matched to the network topology. We devise and prove the optimality of two schemes that cover the portions of the capacity region corresponding to unlimited or no common randomness shared by all nodes.
Characterization of the hemagglutinin gene of influenza B virus prevalent in Fuzhou in 2006

To understand the genetic characteristics of the hemagglutinin of influenza B virus prevalent in Fuzhou in 2006 and the evolutionary distribution of infection,viruses isolated from MDCK cells were typed and subtyped with hemagglutination(HA)and hemagglutination inhibition(HAI)tests,and the viral HA gene from viral RNA extracted from certain strains of virus was amplified by RT-PCR.The PCR products were purified and the nucleotide sequences of HAI gene were analyzed to deduce the amino acid sequence.Finally,the phylogenetic tree was established with MegAlign software.It was found that the Yamagata-like and Victoria-like virus strains co-circulated in the population of Fuzhou in 2006,in which the Victoria-like virus strain became the dominant strain.Compared with B/Shanghai/361/02 strain,the Yamagata-like virus strain had 6-7 amino acid substitutions in the HAI region of gene,but only one addition of glycosylation site at 196 position.In comparison with B/Zhejiang/2/01 strain,the Victoria-like virus strain had 8-9 amino acid substitutions in the HAI region of gene with one addition of glycosylation site at 197 position.From these observations,it is concluded that more changes in the genetic characteristics of B influenza virus are present in the population of Fuzhou in 2006,compared with B/Shanghai/361/02 strain and B/Zhejiang/2/01 strain.
Biosafety investigation on the current status of medical and health institutions laboratories in shenzhen futian county

Objective:To analyze the current biosafety status of medical and health institutions laboratory in SHENZHEN FUTIAN county,and offer reference for laboratorial biosafety construction.Methods: A total of 18 laboratories in medical and health institutions and CDC in SHENZHEN FUTIAN county were included to investigate with questionnaires,and SPSS software was used to analyze the data.Results: BSL-2 laboratories were mainly distributed in the public hospitals and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention,non-BSL-2 laboratories were mainly located in the private hospitals;the proportion of different titles in medical and health institutions were proper reasonable configuration laboratories were frequently used.BSL-2 laboratories had better hardware and software while those of non-BSL-2-laboratories were relatively poor.Conclusion: The biological safety of laboratories in SHENZHEN FUTIAN county shows to be good,but private medical institutions should improve and strengthen the construction and management of biological safety.
Experiments and Applications of Water Phase Trapping in Tight Gas Sand reservoirs.

Water trap constitutes a hampering barrier and an urgent research topic for effective exploration and exploitation of tight gas sand reservoirs.A series of scientific experiments and field applications were conducted taking Ordos Northern Basin as the entry example for resolving this problem.Ordos Northern Basin reservoir is mainly composed of fracture-developed sandstone with abundant different clay components and is characterized by its low porosity and permeability,low pressure,high capillary pressure,low initial water saturation.The mechanism and characteristics of water trapping in this reservoir was examined with typical sandstone core samples in details by lab experiments on spontaneous water imbibition andby calculations of water trapping index.The results of the experiments showed that the better physical properties and lower initial water saturation may easily result in imbibition-induced damage.Based on the knowledge obtained from these experiments,the reason of the quick and instant discovery of P1x2+3 gas-rich reservoir in Tabamiao region by using bridging techniques was successfully realized.
Economic Factors and Stress

This article describes mechanisms by which the economy may affect the incidence of stress-related illness. Several mechanisms, the stress of job loss, for example, have long been suspected and studied. Less intuitive mechanisms, such as the effect of income gains and losses on risky behavior, have received less attention. And some mechanisms, for example, the effects of economic contraction on tolerance for illness and coping, remain virtually untested.
Blueberry Floral Attributes and Their Effect on the Pollination Efficiency of an Oligolectic Bee, Osmia ribifloris Cockerell (Megachilidae: Apoidea)

We evaluated relationships between floral traits of 23 genotypes of southern blueberries and indices of pollination efficiency (fruit set, fruit abortion, seed number, and berry size) for Osmia ribifloris Cockerell, a manageable solitary bee. Flower size in Vaccinium and presumably ovary size were proportional to berry size, except for the tiny blooms of oneV. tenellumclone (NC7808), which produce large commercial-sized berries of '2 g. Longer-styled blueberry flowers visited by O. ribifloris produced the heaviest berries with the most seeds. Osmia ribifloris reliably pollinated 'Climax' and 'Tifblue' rabbiteye blueberries. However, the peculiarly misshapen blooms of 'Premier' rabbiteye blueberry receive less pollination from O. ribifloris and yield berries containing 25% fewer seeds. Fruit set for these misshapen 'Premier' flowers was equivalent to that of intact flowers indicating that this floral polymorphism would not greatly alter cultivar performance. For seven Vaccinium species, wild and cultivated alike, 80% to 100% of a plant'sfruit productiondependsonefficientcross-pollinationbybeessuchasO.ribifloris.
Abstract 087: Human Stomach Cell Gastrin Inhibits Renal NHE3 and NaKATPase in Concert With the Renal D1R

The digestive track secretes gastrin in response to sodium ingestion stimulating increased renal sodium excretion. We previously showed that gastrin secreted by human colon cancer cells (SW626) can bind to cell surface cholecystokinin receptors on renal proximal tubule cells (RPTC), modulating the natriuretic dopaminergic system. We tested the hypothesis that a similar gastro/renal axis exists in humans. Novel human stomach antrum G-cell lines from 6 separate individuals were isolated and each shown to express gastrin mRNA and protein, and bind Phaseolus vulgaris Leucoagglutinin (PHA-l) by fluorescence lectin affinity (marker for gastrin secreting cells). It was determined that the D1 receptor (D1R) is also found on G-Cells. In human stomach tissue, gastrin expression was increased by Fenofibrate treatment, (PPARα agonist, p= 0.07, in 3 live ex-vivo cultured human stomachs). Moreover, we tested the effect of gastrin on CCKB2 receptors in human RPTC. Gastrin (100 nM 15 min.) increased RPTC phospholipace-C (PLC) activity by 1.07± 0.01 fold, N=35, p
A Microplate-Based Nonradioactive Protein Synthesis Assay: Application to TRAIL Sensitization by Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Non-radioactive assays based on incorporation of puromycin into newly synthesized proteins and subsequent detection using anti-puromycin antibodies have been previously reported and well-validated. To develop a moderate- to high-throughput assay, an adaptation is here described wherein cells are puromycin-labeled followed by simultaneously probing puromycin-labeled proteins and a reference protein in situ. Detection using a pair of near IR-labeled secondary antibodies (InCell western, ICW format) allows quantitative analysis of protein synthesis in 384-well plates. After optimization, ICW results were compared to western blot analysis using cycloheximide as a model protein synthesis inhibitor and showed comparable results. The method was then applied to several protein synthesis inhibitors and revealed good correlation between potency as protein synthesis inhibitors to their ability to sensitize TRAIL-resistant renal carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Commissioner Statement of Gail Heriot in the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights' Report 'Patient Dumping'

In September of 2014, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights published "Patient Dumping." This Commissioner Statement by Commissioner Gail Heriot (also a professor of law at the University of San Diego) was part of that report. It discusses some of the problems with EMTALA (the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act). In particular, it discusses evidence that some hospitals have shut down their emergency rooms in order to avoid having to provide free services under EMTALA.
Research Priorities in Sex Education

AbstractThis article proposes three goals for sex education. Based on these goals, the authors then identify eight research priorities that need to be addressed by researchers in sexology. Today we have textbooks in human sexuality, sex education curricula, and numerous studies that evaluate courses in human sexuality. However, sex education is still not taught in many of our schools and when it is taught, sex education classes have done little more than teach the “plumbing.” Before major changes will occur, the vast majority of our citizens must demand that sex education be taught and be taught well. Before that time arrives, however, those of us in sexology must take a strong position on what should be the outcomes of sex education classes. We must identify the goals of sex education and based on these goals, and the research priorities of the discipline. Researchers must then investigate the various hypotheses based on those priorities and publish their finding so that practitioners will have the neede...
A case report of choledocholithiasis 33 years after cholecystectomy

Abstract Introduction Choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy is rare and often attributed to surgical clip migration and subsequent nidus formation. Presentation of case This case demonstrates choledocholithiasis following cholecystectomy with a latency period of 33 years. Discussion The patient presented with pain of the right upper quadrant (RUQ). Subsequent abdominal-pelvic CT imaging revealed dilation of the common bile duct. Further Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography was indicative of choledocholithiasis. Additional findings included a long cystic duct remnant and surgical clips in the RUQ. Conclusion The patient underwent biliary sphincterotomy and sludge and stone fragments were swept from the biliary tree. To our knowledge, a latency of 33 years between cholecystectomy and choledocholithiasis has never been reported before, at least not in a patient without coexisting duodenal diverticulum, a condition associated with lithiasis of the common bile duct. Our case raises discussion of potential etiologies for such long latency, including surgical clip migration, remnant cystic duct lithiasis, and primary choledocholithiasis; and further details the incidence of such long latency periods following cholecystectomy
Biliary Excretory Function and Excretory Patterns in Infantile Cryptogenic Cholestasis

Cholestasis is the hallmark of all liver disease in infancy. Neonatal cholestatic jaundice occurs in conditions which differ widely in etiology and outcome, including heritable metabolic disorders (galactosemia, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, cystic fibrosis, storage diseases) and intrauterine infections (cytomegalic inclusion disease, syphilis, toxoplasmosis). In a large majority of infants with cholestasis, however, the underlying liver disorder is not readily apparent.
Leveraging sUAS for Infrastructure Network Exploration and Failure Isolation

Large-scale infrastructures are prone to simultaneous faults when struck by a natural or man-made event. The current operating procedure followed by many utilities needs improvement, both in terms of monitoring performance and time to repair. Motivated by the recent technological progress on small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS), we propose a practical framework to integrate the monitoring capabilities of sUAS into standard utility repair operations. A key aspect of our framework is the use of monitoring locations for sUAS-based inspection of failures within a certain spatial zone (called a localization set). This set is defined based on the alerts from fixed sensors or customer calls. The positioning of monitoring locations is subject to several factors such as sUAS platform, network topology, and airspace restrictions. We formulate the problem of minimizing the maximum time to respond to all failures by routing repair vehicles to various localization sets and exploring these sets using sUAS. The formulation admits a natural decomposition into two sub-problems: the sUAS Network Exploration Problem (SNEP); and the Repair Vehicle Routing Problem (RVRP). Standard solvers can be used to solve the RVRP in a scalable manner; however, solving the SNEP for each localization set can be computationally challenging. To address this limitation, we propose a set cover based heuristic to approximately solve the SNEP. We implement the overall framework on a benchmark network.
Cloud Migration Tools: Overview and Comparison.

In recent years, the use of cloud computing has increased significantly, where remote servers perform computing tasks including analytics, storage, processing, networking, database management, and other business functions over the internet. This ubiquitous computing provides business advantages in terms of productivity, scalability, performance, along with reliability and demographic availability. Businesses including modern day commerce industries are moving to cloud based platforms to reduce cost and increase performance. Many organizations are now migrating towards cloud due to its favorable features. Therefore, it is important for the organizations to have a migration strategy that can ensure an effective migration. In this regards the cloud migration tools can play a significant role. However, there are many research has been done as it is still a comparatively newer topic. In fact, there are only a limited number of research articles available on cloud migration tools. In this paper, we focus on different cloud migration tools and draw a comparison between them. We also analyze the cloud migration and associated aspects of the migration process.
The pathogenesis of transferred chloroleukemia in the albino rat.

The pathogenesis of transferred chloroleukemia in the rat was studied and the following results were derived. This type of leukemia colonized in an orderly manner, after intraperitoneal inoculation of leukemic cells, first in the retroperitoneal fat, then almost simultaneously in liver, spleen, lungs, and bone marrow. Only after the leucocyte pool was saturated with leukemic cells did the peripheral blood show an increase in both abnormal and normal components.
Launching the War on Poverty: an Oral History

Michael L. Gillette's book is praiseworthy as a general work of history, spotlighting the now hazy efforts of idealistic “poverty warriors” of the 1960s. It is also commendable for its tight oral h...
Abstract 373: An Animal Model of Left Atrial Thrombus

Left atrial thrombus (LAT) is a common funding of some cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation and myocardial injury. There is no proper animal model of ...
Bilateral Recurrent Dysplastic Cerebellar Gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos Disease) in Cowden Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

Background Dysplastic gangliocytoma (Lhermitte-Duclos disease [LDD]) typically presents as a PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog)-positive, insidious unilateral mass of the cerebellar cortex. Patients can present with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will reveal a characteristic laminar/tigroid appearance. Surgical management has been superior to conservative measures for symptomatic lesions. The outcomes for bilateral craniotomy have not yet been described. Case Description A 50-year-old patient with Cowden syndrome had initially presented with vertigo and imbalance. T2-weighted MRI showed a striated pattern of hypointensity and hyperintensity in bilateral cerebellar hemispheres consistent with Lhermitte-Duclos disease. He underwent right posterior fossa craniotomy with near total surgical resection and achieved symptom resolution. However, 3 years later, asymptomatic recurrence of the right-sided LDD and progression of left-sided LDD were noted. These were managed with a 1-year course of temozolomide. Both lesions remained stable until 4 years after completion of temozolomide. MRI demonstrated progression in the left hemisphere requiring a second surgical resection. PTEN analysis of the resected lesion was negative for mutation. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, the present case is the first reported case of bilateral cerebellar hemisphere LDD ultimately managed by temporally dissociated bilateral surgical resections. Our patient was unique in that he had undergone surgery for resection of LDD, followed by a second surgery for contralateral progression 8 years later. The therapeutic options to prevent recurrence are limited, although temozolomide did seem to impede progression. Symptomatic patients will typically benefit most from surgical intervention. Given the strong association between adult LDD and Cowden syndrome, maintaining close follow-up care and possible surveillance imaging will be essential.
Intervention effects in the acquisition of raising: Evidence from English and Spanish

The present study is designed to investigate whether children’s difficulties with subject-to-subject raising (StSR) are due to intervention effects. We examine English-speaking children’s comprehen...
Sleep and Brain Development

Abstract While the sleep-related mechanisms that participate in the maturation of the brain are largely unknown, there is little question that sleep plays a critical role in normal brain development and maturation. Seminal work suggested that rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) affects brain maturation processes, including synaptic plasticity mechanisms that support the ongoing strengthening and weakening of the connectivity between neurons that characterizes brain maturation ( Roffwarg, Muzio, & Dement, 1966 ). It is now known, however, that both REMS and non-REM sleep stages contribute to brain maturation. Experimental studies of the role of sleep in brain maturation across number mammalian species are presented herein.
Live Imaging of ESCRT Proteins in Microfluidically Isolated Hippocampal Axons

Live imaging of microfluidically isolated axons permits study of the dynamic behavior of fluorescently tagged proteins and vesicles in these neuronal processes. We use this technique to study the motility and transport of ESCRT proteins in axons of primary hippocampal neurons. This chapter details the preparation of microfluidic chambers, as well as the seeding, fluidic isolation, and lentiviral transduction of hippocampal neurons in these chambers, optimized for the study of ESCRT protein dynamics.
Seasonal succession in fishless ponds: effects of enrichment and invertebrate predators on zooplankton community structure

Size-selective predation by fish is often considered to be a primary driver of seasonal declines in large-bodied Daphnia populations. However, large Daphnia commonly exhibit midsummer extinctions in ponds lacking planktivorous fish. A number of empirical and theoretical studies suggest that resource competition and its interaction with nutrient enrichment may determine variable dominance by large Daphnia. Low resource levels may favor competitive dominance by small-bodied taxa while large Daphnia may be favored under high resource conditions or following a nutrient/productivity pulse. Nutrient enrichment may also influence the strength of invertebrate predation on Daphnia by affecting how long vulnerable juveniles are exposed to predation. We investigated these hypotheses using an in situ mesocosm experiment in a permanent fishless pond that exhibited seasonal losses of Daphnia pulex. To explore the effects of nutrient enrichment, Daphnia plus a diverse assemblage of small-bodied zooplankton were exposed to three levels of enrichment (low, medium, and high). To explore the interaction between nutrient enrichment and invertebrate predation, we crossed the presence/absence of Notonecta undulata with low and high nutrient manipulations. We found no evidence of competitive reversals or shifts in dominance among nutrient levels, Daphnia performed poorly regardless of enrichment. This may have been due to shifts in algal composition to dominance by large filamentous green algae. Notonecta had significant negative effects on Daphnia alone, but no interaction with nutrient enrichment was detected. These results suggest that Daphnia are not invariably superior resource competitors compared to small taxa. Though predators can have negative effects, their presence is not necessary to explain poor Daphnia performance. Rather, abiotic conditions and/or resource-based effects are probably of greater importance.
Evaluating Citizen Scientists’ User Experience and Engagement Using a Mobile Watershed Data Management App

Environmental problems, such as climate change are global in scope and multivariate in complexity. Today, citizen scientists can make important contributions by providing observations to further understand environmental related issues and by playing an important role in data collection. Citizen scientists now have the ability to use EPA certified testing tools that increase their ability to collect accurate and precise environmental data. Smart phones allow citizens to efficiently submit timely data. Given that citizen scientists now have the capacity to be involved in scientifically meaningful data acquisition campaigns, it is important to evaluate the citizen scientists’ experience and engagement using technology to fully maximize their potential contribution.
Long-Term Functional Outcomes of Distal Femoral Replacements Compared to Geographic Resections for Parosteal Osteosarcomas of the Distal Femur.

Background Parosteal osteosarcoma is a rare tumor with increased survival compared to conventional high-grade osteosarcoma. Due to this increased survival comes the need for reconstructive options that provide good long-term functional results. Current treatment methods include geographic resection with allograft reconstruction versus resection and reconstruction with a distal femoral replacement. Purpose Our purpose was to compare the long-term functional outcomes of distal femoral replacements to allograft reconstructions, using the musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) scoring system. Methods After querying our database, 12 patients were identified and completed a MSTS questionnaire. Results There was no difference in functional outcomes between the cohorts at an average of 14 years follow up for the endoprosthetic group and 25 years of follow up for the geographic resection group. Conclusion At long-term follow-up, patients who undergo a distal femoral replacement for a parosteal osteosarcoma have no difference in functional outcomes compared to those who undergo an allograft reconstruction.Level of Evidence: IV.
Unemployment Insurance as an Automatic Stabilizer: The Financial Channel

We assess the extent to which unemployment insurance (UI) serves as an automatic stabilizer to mitigate the economy's sensitivity to shocks. Using a local labor market design based on heterogeneity in local benefit "generosity" (defined as the percentage of household income recovered by the unemployment benefit), we estimate that a one standard deviation increase in generosity attenuates the effect of adverse shocks on employment growth by 7% and on earnings growth by 6%. Consistent with the hypothesis that this effect derives from the local demand channel, we find that consumption is less responsive to local labor demand shocks in counties with more generous benefits. Our analysis finds that the local fiscal multiplier of unemployment insurance expenditure is approximately 1.9. Overall, our results suggest that UI has a beneficial effect on the economy by decreasing its sensitivity to shocks.
Bringing monogenic disease screening to the clinic.

The Healthy Nevada Project shows that otherwise invisible disease risk can be revealed through DNA-based screening. Identifying these monogenic risks could be the first step toward a new population health-screening program.
Summary of Key Technologies for Reliability Evaluation of the HVDC Protection Systems

The HVDC transmission protection system is an important line of defense for the HVDC transmission system, which is directly related to whether the HVDC project can operate safely and steadily. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the reliability of the HVDC protection system. Based on the analysis of the extraction of the relay protection reliability evaluation data and the factors affecting the reliability of the relay protection, this paper presents the research status of the reliability evaluation indicators of the HVDC protection systems. Then, the commonly used methods of the HVDC protection reliability evaluation are analyzed, finally, the research points and trends of the HVDC protection reliability evaluation are put forward, and the reliability evaluation methods of the HVDC protection system are summarized.
Brugada syndrome clinical update

Brugada syndrome (BrS) was initially described in southeast Asians with a structurally normal heart presenting with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. This condition is marked by J-point elevation ≥ 2 mm with coved-type ST segment elevation followed by negative T wave inversions in at least one precordial lead (V1 or V2) when other etiologies have been excluded. These changes on electrocardiogram (EKG) can either be spontaneous or manifest after sodium channel blockade. The worldwide prevalence of BrS is about 0.4%; however, it is higher in the Asian population at 0.9%. This article will review the current hypotheses regarding the pathophysiology, spectrum of clinical presentation, strategies for prevention of sudden cardiac death and the treatment for recurrent arrhythmias in BrS.
Germ Tube Growth Inhibitor from Cronartium comandrae Aeciospores.

Abstract Two compounds showing self-inhibitory action during germination of aeciospores of the comandra blister rust fungus (Cronartium comandrae Pk.) were extracted from these aeciospores by shaking with 0.2 M NH4HCO3 (pH 7.8) for 4 h. One of these, the germination self inhibitor (D. A. Eppstein and F. H. Tainter, Phytopathology 66:1395-1397, 1976), was removed from the ammonium bicarbonate buffer by using chloroform. The water layer which remained contained a substance which, at ca. 10−4 M concentration, had no apparent effect on germ tube emergence but which inhibited normal germ tube growth. Linear germ tube growth ceased or a dendritic or vesicular pattern of growth resulted, depending on the concentration of inhibitor added to extracted germinating spores. The germ tube growth inhibitor appears to be a peptide with a molecular weight of ca. 2,000.
Process of Data Management

The process of data management is composed of various discrete and interrelated activities that are linked in an individual and building in a successive fashion. The data management study plan (DMSP) can provide the framework for how and where the processes and procedures are defined and outlined for individual protocols or studies. This article discusses quality plan, data management team structure, case report form (CRF) design and guidelines, and data acquisition and handling guidelines. Keywords: data management study plan (DMSP); reliability; quality control; quality assurance; data acquisition
A Better E-Mail Bouncer

This paper describes a portable electronic mail bouncer which sends detailed information back to the sender when a mail message can not be delivered to it's intended recipient. The bouncer was originally written to handle a large merger between multiple DNS domains, and is implemented entirely in Perl5 as a mail delivery agent. The bouncer operates under the concept of "least privilege" so it's safe to run directly from mail transport agents such as sendmail. The bouncer is designed to make the human processes and interactions in dealing with undeliverable E-mail easier for both postmasters and end-users alike.
Global stability of adaptive IIR filters based on the output error method

This paper presents a rigorous proof of global stability of an adaptive IIR filter based on the output error method. The underlying idea of the developed analysis is the construction of suitable Lyapunov functions for different phases of adaptation.
Unified Analysis of Complex Nonlinear Motions via Densities

In this study analyses of deterministic and randomly perturbed complex nonlinear responses of nonlinear systems using densities are illustrated from an engineering perspective. Motivations to examine deterministic nonlinear dynamical systems via densities are first discussed. Pertinent mathematical backgrounds and techniques common to the analyses of both deterministic chaos and random chaotic processes are reviewed. Probability densities of nonlinear responses are computed by solving the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) numerically to examine stochastic properties of random chaotic responses. It is shown that, by introducing random perturbations in the otherwise deterministic (periodic) excitation, the boundaries separating co-existing attractors associated with the corresponding deterministic system become blurred, and the existence of the attractors can be depicted by the evolution of a unique density in (physical) phase space. Transient and asymptotic behaviors of the densities reveal the relative stability of the various attractors. Mathematical theories useful for stability analysis of the attractors are discussed. Finally, asymptotically stable co-existing “periodic” and “chaotic” motions of a nonlinear dynamical system subjected to periodic excitation with random perturbations are demonstrated via an engineering example.
Media, Animal Cell Culture

Introduction Medium Composition Water Quality Low Molecular Weight Nutrients Proteins Nonhormonal and Nonnutritional Supplements Media Selection Reduced Serum and Serum-Free Formulations Chemically Defined Media and Protein-Free Media Examples of Media Hybridoma Media Endothelial Cell Media Media Preparation and Optimization Media Preparation from Powder Media Concentrates Bulk Liquid Media Quality Assurance Optimization Posttranslational Modification and Medium Composition Glycosylation Bibliography Keywords: animal; cell culture; defined medium; mammalian; media/medium; tissue culture
Using acoustic condition clustering to improve acoustic change detection on broadcast news.

We have developed a system that breaks input speech into segments using an acoustic similarity measure. The aim is to detect the time points where the acoustic characteristics change, usually due to speaker changes but also resulting from changes in the acoustic environment. We have also developed a system to cluster the segments generated by the first system into clusters composed of homogeneous acoustic conditions. In this paper, we present a technique to improve the robustness of the acoustic change detection by feeding back the results of the segment clustering, exploiting the extra information available in the distance between the two clusters to which the segments belong. The interaction between the acoustic change detection and clustering systems gives us a substantial improvement over results previously reported on the 1997 Hub-4 Broadcast News test set that we employed [1][2]: Feedback of clustering information improved the Equal Error Rate (EER) of our acoustic change detection (ACD) system from 26.5% to 18%.
Potential association of malignancy and repeat diagnostic CT in children with ventriculoperitoneal shunts: Report of two cases

We present two clinical cases of infants with hydrocephalus requiring multiple cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt revisions and diagnostic computerized tomography (CT) scans that developed head and neck malignancies during their late teen years. These represent the first reported cases of possible diagnostic imaging-induced malignancy in children. The first patient had undergone at least 23 CT scans and 25 plain skull radiographs prior to the diagnosis of a neck Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The second patient had undergone at least 14 CT scans and 15 plain skull radiographs prior to the diagnosis of a left parietal poorly differentiated gliosarcoma. Although it is not possible to prove that the multiple diagnostic studies these patients underwent caused their malignancies, these illustrative cases and the epidemiological literature describing malignancy risk and radiation exposure should give clinicians pause when considering requesting multiple diagnostic CT studies in children during the evaluation of possible CSF shunt dysfunction and other clinical problems. “Shunt magnetic resonance imaging” protocols should be considered for these patients and used whenever possible to minimize exposure to ionizing radiation.
The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network. I. Rationale and methods.

Background The Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network (SFBN) evaluates treatments, course and clinical and neurobiological markers of resonse in bipolar illness. Aims To give a preliminary summary of emerging findings in these areas. Method Studies with established and potentially antimanic, antidepressant and mood-stabilising agents range from open case series to double-blind randomised clinical trials, and use the same core assessment methodology, thereby optimising the comparability of the outcomes. The National Institute of Mental Health Life Chart Method is the core instrument for retrospective and prospective longitudinal illness description. Results The first groups of patients enrolled show a considerable degree of past and present symptomatology, psychiatric comorbidity and functional impairment. There are associations of both genetic and early environmental factors with more severe courses of illness. Open case series with add-on olanzapine, lamotrigine, gabapentin or topiramate show a differential spectrum of effectiveness in refractory patients. Conclusions The SFBN provides important new data for the understanding and treatment of bipolar disorder.
The Role of Sp1 in the Differential Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Type II in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma MCF-7 Cells

Progression of MCF-7 cells from early passage (MCF-7E, 500 passage) correlates with a loss of sensitivity to exogenous TGFbeta1. We have previously shown that loss of TGFbeta sensitivity is due to decreased expression of the transforming growth factor receptor type II (TbetaRII) and is associated with increased tumorigenicity in nude mice. Reduced TbetaRII expression in MCF-7L cells is caused by decreased TbetaRII promoter activity in this cell line. Our previous studies using 5' deletion constructs of this promoter revealed that MCF-7L cells were unable to support transcription of the minimal promoter (-47 to +2) to the same levels as the MCF-7E cells. This region of the promoter contains an Sp1 element at position -25 from the major transcription start site. In this study, we investigated the role of Sp1 in TbetaRII transcription. Mutation of the Sp1 site resulted in decreased transcription of TbetaRII in MCF-7E and MCF-7L cells, indicating that this site played a role in transcription of this promoter. Gel shift assays using the proximal Sp1 site from the TbetaRII promoter showed enhanced DNA:protein complex formation with nuclear proteins isolated from MCF-7E cells compared with MCF-7L cells. Supershift analysis identified this binding activity as Sp1. Western blot analysis of Sp1 levels demonstrated that MCF-7E cells contain increased Sp1 protein compared with MCF-7L cells, paralleling the increased binding activity. Differential Sp1 activity was also demonstrated by higher levels of transcription of an Sp1-dependent insulin-like growth factor II promoter construct in MCF-7E cells compared with MCF-7L cells. Co-transfection of an Sp1 expression vector with a TbetaRII promoter construct in MCF-7L cells induced the expression from the promoter-CAT constructs and resulted in an increase of endogenous TbetaRII protein levels. These results demonstrate that the transcriptional repression of TbetaRII in MCF-7L cells is caused, in part, by lower Sp1 levels.
Heat Transfer by Combined Conduction and Radiation in Axisymmetric Enclosures

in the area of atmospheric radiation and that of Hyde and Truelove5 and Fiveland6'7 in the area of engineering heat transfer comprise the few studies undertaken in this
Selectivity Study of Alkaline Earth and Divalent Transition Metal Ions on [Al3+ + Na+]-Substituted Tobermorites

Abstract The ion-exchange selectivities of [Al3+ + Na+]-substituted tobermorites with 1–20 mol% substitution of aluminum for silicon at low loadings were investigated for Mg2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, and Ni2+. The selectivity order depended on the degree of substitution, exchanging medium, and loading of metal ions, reflecting different types of ion-exchange sites in the Al3+-substituted tobermorites which are an interesting group of calcium aluminosilicate cation exchangers.
A New Survivable Damage Control Model Including Hypothermia, Hemodilution, and Liver Injury

Background The purpose of this article is to describe a new model of traumatic intra-cavitary hemorrhage in a hypothermic, hemodiluted liver injury model that incorporates damage control principles and allows for survival. Materials and Methods Twenty swine underwent a standardized 35% blood volume hemorrhage followed by resuscitation. Ten animals sustained nonsurgical and 10 a surgical high-grade liver injury. In the surgical liver injury, damage control gauze packing was performed. No operative treatment was provided for the nonsurgical liver injury, which was designed to test the efficacy of systemic hemostatic agents. After a 15min treatment phase, the abdominal cavity was closed, with the packing in place for the surgical injury, and all animals were resuscitated. Necropsy was performed at 48h post-injury. Results At the time of liver injury, the animals were hemodiluted and hypothermic. Both injuries caused a 20% drop in the mean arterial pressure from baseline (P Conclusion A new model of traumatic intra-cavitary hemorrhage in a hypothermic, hemodiluted liver injury model with damage control that allows for survival has been described. The mortality rate of 30% allows for the comparison of therapeutic interventions that may lead to improved survival.
CT and MR appearance of subureteric Teflon and periureteral teflon migration: A case report

We present the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) findings of a case in which an adult patient underwent subureteric injection of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE; Teflon) (STING) to correct vesicoureteral reflux. We report the appearance of periureteral PTFE migration mimicking cystic pathology.
Assessing organizational readiness for change

A comprehensive assessment of organizational functioning and readiness for change (ORC) was developed based on a conceptual model and previous findings on transferring research to practice. It focuses on motivation and personality attributes of program leaders and staff, institutional resources, and organizational climate as an important first step in understanding organizational factors related to implementing new technologies into a program. This article describes the rationale and structure of the ORC and shows it has acceptable psychometric properties. Results of surveys of over 500 treatment personnel from more than 100 treatment units support its construct validity on the basis of agreement between management and staff on several ORC dimensions, relationships between staff organizational climate dimensions and patient engagement in treatment, and associations of agency resources and climate with organizational stability. Overall, these results indicate the ORC can contribute to the study of organizational change and technology transfer by identifying functional barriers involved.
Identification of mitotic (CDC2) and interphase histone H1 kinases by nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and peptide assays.

Abstract A new method of nondenaturing gel electrophoresis and a specific peptide based assay were used to study the histone kinases in mitotic and interphase mouse fibroblasts. The gels resolved four activities, one of which was shown to be the mitotic (CDC2) H1 kinase by virtue of its antigenicity. A new peptide substrate for the CDC2 kinase was phosphorylated by both S-phase and mitotic cell extracts and reacted with two protein kinases in the gels. Since the interphase enzyme did not react with the antibody, the results suggest that it is either a “masked” form of CDC2 or a second enzyme, functionally related to CDC2, which is responsible for the interphase phosphorylation of H1.
Evaluation and establishment of trust in cloud federation

Cloud federation is a future evolution of Cloud computing, where Cloud Service Providers (CSP) collaborate dynamically to share their virtual infrastructure for load balancing and meeting the Quality of Service during the demand spikes. Today, one of the major obstacles in adoption of federation is the lack of trust between Cloud providers participating in federation. In order to ensure the security of critical and sensitive data of customers, it is important to evaluate and establish the trust between Cloud providers, before redirecting the customer's requests from one provider to other provider. We are proposing a trust evaluation model and underlying protocol that will facilitate the cloud providers to evaluate the trustworthiness of each other and hence participate in federation to share their infrastructure in a trusted and reliable way.
Forecast frequency in rolling horizon hedging heuristics for capacity expansion

This paper describes a simulation study of the effect of forecast revisions and hedges against demand uncertainty in a rolling horizon heuristic for capacity expansion. The model is based on data collected in the utilities division of a large chemical manufacturing plant. A seasonal integrated moving average model for the demand is used to generate forecasts, while capacity additions are determined by applying a simple timing rule to various hedges around the forecast. The simulation results indicate that hedging forecasts by their prediction limits rather than a fixed buffer significantly reduces undercapacity at the expense of a small increase in capacity cost. The prediction limit hedge is more robust to delays in reforecasting.
Intrauterine intestinal volvulus with hemoperitoneum presenting as fetal distress at 34 weeks' gestation

A case of intrauterine intestinal volvulus and hemoperitoneum with symptoms of fetal distress at 34 weeks' gestation is presented. The mechanism of production of late decelerations in this setting is discussed.
Who Was Aradia? The History and Develpment of a Legend

Legends are extraordinarily responsive to social change; in fact, they are one of the most sensitive indices of transformations in cultural values and worldview.