cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Phototoxic coumarins in limes.

Abstract Coumarins in the rind and pulp of Persian and Key limes were quantified. In the rind of Persian limes, coumarin concentrations were in the order: limettin > bergapten > isopimpinellin > xanthotoxin > psoralen. In the rind of Key limes, psoralen and xanthotoxin were analytically absent; limettin was 10 times more concentrated than either bergapten or isopimpinellin, which were equal in concentration. Coumarin content in Persian lime pulp was in the order; isopimpinellin > limettin > bergapten > xanthotoxin > psoralen. For Key lime pulp, the concentrations of limettin, isopimpinellin and bergapten were equal; psoralen and xanthotoxin were not detected. Coumarins in lime pulp were 13 to 182 times less concentrated than those in the peel. Based on the amounts and types of coumarins, Persian limes appear to be potentially more phototoxic than Key limes. Although bergapten may be the main component of limes responsible for phytophotodermatitis, dermatological interaction assays with psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin and limettin should be conducted.
Mentoring Students: Conceptualizing and Validating the Multi-Dimensions of a Support System:

Many students do not receive the adequate academic and social support during their enrollment in a higher education institution that could positively impact their abilities to succeed in college (Astin, 1984; Hurtado & Carter, 1997; Nora, 1987; Pascarella & Terenzini, 1991). These support systems can be viewed as providing a holistic mentoring experience to students. Because of the many possible benefits to be derived from mentoring, the study of effective mentoring of undergraduates is paramount. Unfortunately, the utility of existing mentoring studies is limited due to definitional, methodological, and theoretical flaws (Jacobi, 1991). The purpose of the present study was to identify the multi-dimensions associated with mentoring through a proposed conceptual framework. Four major domains were identified in the literature: 1) psychological or emotional support, 2) goal setting and career paths, 3) academic subject knowledge support, and 4) the existence of a role model. Secondary data were analyzed from...
Serum Myeloperoxidase Levels Independently Predict Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans

Background— In vitro and animal studies demonstrate that myeloperoxidase catalytically consumes nitric oxide as a substrate, limiting its bioavailability and function. We therefore hypothesized tha...
Analysis of noise coupling from printed circuit board to shielding enclosure

The power distribution network in a printed circuit board (PCB) inside a compact-size enclosure is an effective path for high-speed digital noise to be coupled to the RF receivers inside the same enclosure, causing RF interference (RFI) issues. This noise coupling mechanism from PCB to shielding enclosure is investigated in this paper using the cavity model and the segmentation technique. In this approach, the structure of an enclosure with a PCB inside is divided into cavities with both horizontal and vertical connections. Modeling result agrees well with full wave simulations, and the simulation time is considerably reduced. Furthermore, the relationship among the noise coupling, the PCB-related resonances, and the enclosure-related resonances is studied as well.
Epidemiology of hospital-based emergency department visits due to sports injuries.

BACKGROUND: Sports-related injuries in adolescents incur a significant amount of hospital resources. Sports-related injuries are not an uncommon cause of ED visit; however, national estimates of such injuries in teenagers are unknown. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify and characterize emergency department (ED) visits that result from sports-related injuries among teenagers across the United States. This study describes the outcomes associated with sports-related injuries necessitating ED visits among teenagers at a national level. STUDY DESIGN: This is a descriptive epidemiology study. METHODS: The 2008 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample data set, the largest all-payer health care database in the United States, was used to identify ED visits with external cause of injury related to sports occurring in patients aged 13 through 19 years. Outcomes examined included discharge status after the ED visit and presence of concomitant injuries. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the estimates. Nationwide representative estimates were computed using the discharge weight variable. RESULTS: There were 432,609 ED visits by those between the ages of 13 and 19 years who experienced sports-related injuries, with total charges close to $447.4 million, with a mean total per-visit charge of $1205. The male patients accounted for 76.8% of the total ED visits. The most frequently occurring injuries were superficial injury or contusion (n = 118,250 ED visits); sprains and strains (n = 105,476); fracture of the upper limb (n = 63,151); open wounds of the head, the neck, and the trunk (n = 46,176); as well as intracranial injury (n = 30,726). Close to 29% of all ED visits occurred among those residing in geographical areas with median household income levels of greater than $64,000. After the ED visit, 1.6% were admitted to the same hospital, with a mean length of stay of 2.4 days and a mean hospital charge for ED visit and inpatient services of $22,703. The male patients composed 87.5% of the hospitalizations. The total of hospitalization charges across the entire United States was $154.8 million. CONCLUSIONS: Sports injuries account for a substantial number of 2008 teenage ED visits in the United States. Patient- and hospital-level characteristics were analyzed and highlighted. Language: en
miR-200c at the nexus of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, resistance to apoptosis, and the breast cancer stem cell phenotype

Decreased expression of miRNAs of the miR-200 family has been implicated in the growth and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Of this family, miR-200c has garnered particular attention as a consequence of its ability to target ZEB1 and ZEB2, mediators of epithelial- mesenchymal transition. An article in the previous issue of Breast Cancer Research identifies additional targets of miR-200c that link increased cancer cell invasiveness, resistance to apoptosis, and induction of breast cancer stem cell characteristics.
Adipose Tissue ATP Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Contributes to High-Density Lipoprotein Biogenesis In Vivo

Background—Adipose tissue (AT) is the body's largest free cholesterol reservoir and abundantly expresses ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a key cholesterol transporter for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) biogenesis. However, the extent to which AT ABCA1 expression contributes to HDL biogenesis in vivo is unknown. Methods and Results—Adipocyte-specific ABCA1 knockout mice (ABCA1−A/−A) were generated by crossing ABCA1floxed mice with aP2Cre transgenic mice. AT from ABCA1−A/−A mice had <10% of wild-type ABCA1 protein expression but normal hepatic and intestinal expression. Deletion of adipocyte ABCA1 resulted in a significant decrease in plasma HDL cholesterol (≈15%) and apolipoprotein A-I (≈13%) concentrations. AT from ABCA1−A/−A mice had a 2-fold increase in free cholesterol content compared with wild-type mice and failed to efflux cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I. However, cholesterol efflux from AT to plasma HDL was similar for both genotypes of mice. Incubation of wild-type AT explants with ...
ASSESSING IMMIGRANT ASSIMILATION: New Empirical and Theoretical Challenges

This review examines research on the assimilation of immigrant groups. We review research on four primary benchmarks of assimilation: socioeconomic status, spatial concentration, language assimilation, and intermarriage. The existing literature shows that today's immigrants are largely assimilating into American society along each of these dimensions. This review also considers directions for future research on the assimilation of immigrant groups in new southern and midwestern gateways and how sociologists measure immigrant assimilation. We document the changing geography of immigrant settlement and review the emerging body of research in this area. We argue that examining immigrant assimilation in these new immigrant gateways is crucial for the development of theories about immigrant assimilation. We also argue that we are likely to see a protracted period of immigrant replenishment that may change the nature of assimilation. Studying this change requires sociologists to use both birth cohort and genera...
High-Yield Neutron Source for Cargo Container Screening

A high-yield neutron source has been designed for the screening of sea-land cargo containers for shielded special nuclear materials (SNM). The accelerator-driven neutron source utilizes the D(d,n)3He reaction to produce a forward directed neutron beam. The key components of the neutron source are a high-current radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator and a high-power neutron production target. A thin entrance window has been designed that minimizes the energy loss of the deuteron beam and withstands the gas pressure. The source will be capable of delivering a neutron flux of up to 2 middot 107 n/(cm2middots) at a distance of 2.5 m from the target and will allow the comprehensive testing and demonstration of active neutron interrogation.
Response of Glutathione Peroxidase to Dietary Selenium in Rats

The effect of dietary selenomethionine on the enzyme activities of the glutathione (GSH) peroxicla.se system in rat tissues was studied. The activity of GSH peroxidase decreased to varying degrees in tissues from animals fed a basal low selenium Tonila yeast diet for 17 days. The relative decrease was plasma > kidney, heart, liver and lung > erythrocytes > testes. The activity of GSH peroxidase in all tissues except testes was significantly and linearly increased above that of the nonsupplemented controls when selenium-depleted animals were subsequently fed the same diet supplemented with 2 ppm selenium for 11 days. The relative increase was plasma > kidney > heart, erythrocytes, lung, and liver > testes. Dietary selenium did not significantly alter the activities of GSH reductase and glueose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) dehydrogenase. Intra- peritoneal administration of actinomycin D or puromycin neither effectively suppressed the increase of GSH peroxidase activity nor inhibited the activities of GSH reductase and G-6-P dehydrogenase; however, it is possible that insufficient dosages were ad ministered. In vitro studies with tissue soluble fractions and plasma from rats fed diets with low or high selenium levels suggest that selenium is not an exchangeable or a dialyzable cofactor for GSH peroxidase. These studies provide further evidence of the essentiality of selenium for the activity of GSH peroxidase. J. Nutr. 104: 444-451,
Decision-directed adaptive nonlinear canceller for optical read channels

A simple and yet effective scheme for asymmetry compensation in optical read channels is presented. The simplicity and effectiveness of this scheme make it an excellent candidate for a practical implementation in an optical signal recovery circuit. The performance of this asymmetry compensation scheme is evaluated using bit-error rate (BER) simulation. The results of this simulation show a significant improvement in BER performance when the compensator is included within the read channel circuit.
IL-17 Regulates CXCL1 mRNA Stability via an AUUUA/Tristetraprolin-Independent Sequence

IL-17 contributes to inflammatory response in part by promoting enhanced expression of chemokines, such as CXCL1, by prolonging the t(1/2) of this constitutively unstable mRNA. Although IL-17 is a weak stimulus for transcription of the CXCL1 gene, it strongly potentiates message accumulation via stabilization when the mRNA is transcribed in cells stimulated with TNF. In myeloid cells, LPS-induced CXCL1 mRNA stabilization is dependent on AUUUA-containing sequence motifs that are recognized by the RNA binding protein tristetraprolin (TTP). Using deletion and site-specific mutagenesis, we report that IL-17-mediated stabilization of CXCL1 mRNA in nonmyeloid cells depends on a sequence that does not contain the AUUUA motif. Furthermore, a specific two-nucleotide mutation within this region markedly abrogates sensitivity for IL-17-mediated stabilization. Consistent with this finding, the IL-17-sensitive sequence does not exhibit increased instability in the presence of TTP, and CXCL1 mRNA remains unstable and can be stabilized in response to treatment with IL-17 in embryo fibroblasts from mice in which the TTP gene has been deleted. Whereas the RNA binding protein KSRP has been shown to participate in regulating the instability of human CXCL8 mRNA, inhibitory RNA-based reduction in KSRP does not effect the instability mediated by the IL-17-sensitive sequence motif. These findings suggest that IL-17-mediated chemokine mRNA stabilization in nonmyeloid cells uses a mechanism that is distinct from that operating to control AU-rich mRNA stability in myeloid cells.
Intelligent Feature Extraction and Tracking for Visualizing Large-Scale 4D Flow Simulations

Terascale simulations produce data that is vast in spatial, temporal, and variable domains, creating a formidable challenge for subsequent analysis. Feature extraction as a data reduction method offers a viable solution to this large data problem. This paper presents a new approach to the problem of extracting and visualizing 4D features within large volume data. Conventional methods requires either an analytical description of the feature of interest or tedious manual intervention throughout the feature extraction and tracking process. We show that it is possible for a visualization system to "learn" to extract and track features in complex 4D flow field according to their "visual" properties, location, shape, and size. The basic approach is to employ machine learning in the process of visualization. Such an intelligent system approach is powerful because it allows us to extract and track an feature of interest in a high-dimensional space without explicitly specifying the relations between those dimensions, resulting in a greatly simplified and intuitive visualization interface.
Autonomic resource management in virtualized data centers using fuzzy logic-based approaches

Data centers, as resource providers, are expected to deliver on performance guarantees while optimizing resource utilization to reduce cost. Virtualization techniques provide the opportunity of consolidating multiple separately managed containers of virtual resources on underutilized physical servers. A key challenge that comes with virtualization is the simultaneous on-demand provisioning of shared physical resources to virtual containers and the management of their capacities to meet service-quality targets at the least cost. This paper proposes a two-level resource management system to dynamically allocate resources to individual virtual containers. It uses local controllers at the virtual-container level and a global controller at the resource-pool level. An important advantage of this two-level control architecture is that it allows independent controller designs for separately optimizing the performance of applications and the use of resources. Autonomic resource allocation is realized through the interaction of the local and global controllers. A novelty of the local controller designs is their use of fuzzy logic-based approaches to efficiently and robustly deal with the complexity and uncertainties of dynamically changing workloads and resource usage. The global controller determines the resource allocation based on a proposed profit model, with the goal of maximizing the total profit of the data center. Experimental results obtained through a prototype implementation demonstrate that, for the scenarios under consideration, the proposed resource management system can significantly reduce resource consumption while still achieving application performance targets.
The biomechanics of a multilevel lumbar spine hybrid using nucleus replacement in conjunction with fusion.

Abstract Background context Degenerative disc disease is commonly a multilevel pathology with varying deterioration severity. The use of fusion on multiple levels can significantly affect functionality and has been linked to persistent adjacent disc degeneration. A hybrid approach of fusion and nucleus replacement (NR) has been suggested as a solution for mildly degenerated yet painful levels adjacent to fusion. Purpose To compare the biomechanical metrics of different hybrid implant constructs, hypothesizing that an NR+fusion hybrid would be similar to a single-level fusion and perform more naturally compared with a two-level fusion. Study design A cadaveric in vitro repeated-measures study was performed to evaluate a multilevel lumbar NR+fusion hybrid. Methods Eight cadaveric spines (L3–S1) were tested in a Spine Kinetic Simulator (Instron, Norwood, MA, USA). Pure moments of 8 Nm were applied in flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation as well as compression loading. Specimens were tested intact; fused (using transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion instrumentation with posterior rods) at L5–S1; with a nuclectomy at L4–L5 including fusion at L5–S1; with NR at L4–L5 including fusion at L5–S1; and finally with a two-level fusion spanning L4–S1. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and corrected t tests were used to statistically compare outcomes. Results The NR+fusion hybrid and single-level fusion exhibited no statistical differences for range of motion (ROM), stiffness, neutral zone, and intradiscal pressure in all loading directions. Compared with two-level fusion, the hybrid affords the construct 41.9% more ROM on average. Two-level fusion stiffness was statistically higher than all other constructs and resulted in significantly lower ROM in flexion, extension, and lateral bending. The hybrid construct produced approximately half of the L3–L4 adjacent-level pressures as the two-level fusion case while generating similar pressures to the single-level fusion case. Conclusions These data portend more natural functional outcomes and fewer adjacent disc complications for a multilevel NR+fusion hybrid compared with the classical two-level fusion.
Fabrication of semiconducting YBaCuO surface-micromachined bolometer arrays

Thermal infrared detectors require thermal isolation to permit the infrared-sensitive material to integrate the incident photon energy and thereby obtain high responsivity and detectivity. This paper describes the fabrication of semiconducting YBaCuO microbolometer arrays into thermal isolation structures by employing Si surface-micromachining techniques. An isotropic HF:HNO/sub 3/ etch was used to remove the underlying Si substrate from the front-side of the wafer and suspend SiO/sub 2/ membranes into 1/spl times/10 pixel-array structures. The infrared-sensitive material, YBaCuO, was subsequently deposited onto the thermal isolation structures and patterned to form the detector arrays. The high-temperature coefficient of resistance and low noise of semiconducting YBaCuO at room temperature is attractive for uncooled infrared detection. The fabrication process was conducted entirely at room temperature. In this manner, infrared detectors are fabricated in a process that is compatible with CMOS technology to allow for the integration with on-chip signal processing circuitry. The end result is low-cost infrared-detector arrays for night vision in a variety of applications including transportation and security. Preliminary results show a temperature coefficient of resistance above 3%, voltage responsivity close to 10/sup 4/ V/W, and detectivity over 10/sup 7/ cm/spl middot/Hz/sup 1/2//W at a bias current of 0.79 /spl mu/A.
Metalworking Fluid Microbes—What We Need to Know to Successfully Understand Cause-and-Effect Relationships

During the past decade we have witnessed a tumultuous debate over the disease risks posed by microbes that inhabit metalworking fluid (MWF) systems. Not infrequently, that debate has occurred in the absence of satisfactory data. This paper addresses the author's perspective on what types of data are needed in order to assess the actual disease risks posed by MWF microbes. The approach must be multidisciplinary and coordinated, including stakeholders with expertise in epidemiology, fluid management, immunology, industrial hygiene, microbiology, and public health medicine. Traditional microbiological sampling and test methods must be augmented by new, consensus methods that are adopted by industry stakeholders. Entities performing these tests should be participating in interlaboratory cross-check programs. The author will use Mycobacterium immunogenum to illustrate the general model for this strategy.
THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS, GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY, AND CAREER SUCCESS ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN

The present study investigated the relationship of traits from the 5factor model of personality (often termed the "Big Five") and general mental ability with career success. Career success was argued to be comprised of intrinsic success (job satisfaction) and extrinsic success (income and occupational status) dimensions. Data were obtained from the Intergenerational Studies, a set of 3 studies that followed participants from early childhood to retirement. The most general findings were that conscientiousness positively predicted intrinsic and extrinsic career success, neuroticism negatively predicted extrinsic success, and general mental ability positively predicted extrinsic career success. Personality was related to career success controlling for general mental ability and, though adulthood measures of the Big Five traits were more strongly related to career success than were childhood measures, both contributed unique variance in explaining career success. Considerable evidence has accumulated regarding the antecedents of career success. A recent review of the career success literature (Tharenou, 1997) identified several categories of influences on career success. The most commonly investigated influences were human capital attributes (training, work experience, education) and demographic factors (age, sex, marital status, number of children). Although these classes of influences have provided important insights into the determinants of career success, there is room for further development. Specifically, little research has entertained the idea that career success may have dispositional causes. There have been a few exceptions, such as Howard and Bray's (1988, 1994) study of the career advancement of AT&T managers. However, as Tharenou noted, few studies have taken a more comprehensive, personological approach to career success.
Electrostatic stitching in gel-phase supported phospholipid bilayers

We show that mixing zwitterionic lipids with up to 20% mole % cationic lipids produces gel-phase supported lipid bilayers that are morphologically free of defects detectable using noncontact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM). This contrasts with the observation of massive defects when anionic lipid was added, and also when no charged lipid was added. Infrared measurements of headgroup orientation in the presence of cationic lipid show that the mean headgroup orientation changes only minimally when temperature is lowered from the fluid phase to the gel phase. This is consistent with a tentative explanation, based on simple electrostatic arguments, in which cationic lipids “stitch” the bilayers together. On the functional side, this study demonstrates a simple method by which to minimize defects in gel-supported phospholipid bilayers.
COMPARISON OF BREEDING AND POSTBREEDING MOVEMENTS AND HABITAT REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SCARLET TANAGER (PIRANGA OLIVACEA) IN VIRGINIA

Abstract We investigated movements and habitat use during breeding and postbreeding periods in Scarlet Tanagers (Piranga olivacea) during June-September 1998 in northern Virginia deciduous forest. Nine birds (8 males and 1 female) remained on the same home range during both breeding and postbreeding periods, whereas 11 birds (9 males and 2 females) shifted home range (>300 m) between periods. Breeding season home-range size ranged from 2.6 to 5.6 ha (95% kernel), and core area from 0.61 to 0.93 ha (50% kernel). Postbreeding home ranges were similar in size to home range during the breeding period for birds that remained in the vicinity of nesting areas, but were larger for birds that moved away from the nesting area. Scarlet Tanagers occurred in both mature and successional forest during breeding and postbreeding periods, with some indication of increased use of earlier successional stages during the postbreeding period. Needs for Scarlet Tanagers during the postbreeding period (molt, premigratory fatteni...
Feeding gastrostomy in children with complex heart disease: when is a fundoplication indicated?

Malnutrition is common among children with complex heart disease (CHD). Feeding gastrostomies are often used to improve the nutritional status of such patients. Our purpose was to evaluate a cohort of children with CHD following open Stamm gastrostomy without fundoplication. We reviewed all CHD patients who underwent feeding gastrostomy placement from 1/1/2004 to 4/7/2015. Demographic data, cardiac diagnoses, operative details, post-operative complications, and the need for GJ feeding and fundoplication were examined. Open Stamm gastrostomy was performed in 111 patients. Median age at surgery was 37 weeks (3 weeks–13.7 years); average weight was 5.3 ± 4.9 kg. Thirty-four patients (30 %) experienced a total of 37 minor complications, including tube dislodgement after stoma maturation (20), superficial surgical site infection (13), mechanical failure (3), and bleeding (1). Three patients experienced a major complication (need for return to the OR or peri-operative death <30 days). Three patients required a subsequent fundoplication. Fifty-six surviving patients (62 %) continue gastrostomy feeds, of which 7 (13 %) patients require GJ feeds. Children with CHD tolerate an open Stamm gastrostomy well with minimal major complications. These results support very selective use of fundoplication in infants and children with CHD who require a feeding gastrostomy.
Shock-compressed graphite to diamond transformation on nanosecond time scales

Numerical simulations of previous plane shock wave measurements on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), shocked to four peak stresses ranging from 27 to 50 GPa, are presented to address a long-standing question: When is the diamond phase formed in the shock-compressed graphite to diamond transition? A multiphase material description was developed to simulate measured wave profiles in shocked HOPG. Our results showed good agreement with the measured profiles for all four peak stresses and demonstrated the following: Transformation is completed in less than 10 ns, the density and stiffness of the high-pressure phase match that of cubic diamond, and the mechanical response of the diamond phase is nonlinear elastic.
Prenatal Risk Assessment and Diagnosis of Down Syndrome: Strategies for Communicating Well with Patients.

Physicians should provide women considering abortion after Down syndrome screening with unbiased information and not attempt to influence their decision.
Structure-Related Mechanical Properties of Ormosils by SOL-GEL Process

The mechanical properties corresponding to the different structures of organically modified silicates (Ormosils) prepared by the sol-gel process were studied. Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) were used as the inorganic and polymeric components, respectively. Large variations in the microstructure of the Ormosils were found by changing the reaction temperature, and the content of PDMS, acid catalyst (HCI),and water. The structure of the Ormosils and the mechanical properties were correlated by the edge connectivity. Modulus of elasticity and fracture strength were used to study their relations Ormosils structures.
The Mark Coventry Award: Trabecular metal tibial components were durable and reliable in primary total knee arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial.

Background Although highly porous metals have demonstrated excellent bone ingrowth properties and so are an intriguing option for fixation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), some surgeons are skeptical about the durability of uncemented tibial fixation and the potential for soft tissues to adhere to these porous metals and perhaps cause knee stiffness or pain.
Continuous All-Electronic Scanner for 16mm Color Motion-Picture Film

The methods of converting the 24 frames/sec film standard to the 30 frames/sec television standard are discussed. The disadvantage of using storage-type devices is brought out in order to show the need for a flying-spot scanner in televising film in color. The reasons for choosing the jump-scan method in the Motorola scanner are given with emphasis on the advantage of the large optical aperture realized with this method. This is possible since no moving optical parts are needed between the tube and the film and the full opening of the lens can be used. — The various factors affecting registry both in time and space are enumerated. The solutions used to minimize the errors and the final results obtained are given. The use of a signal derived from the leading edges of the sprocket perforations to control the position of scan on the tube face to minimize bounce is described in detail. The use of this signal for continuous correction of film shrinkage is also shown. Other features of the scanner to be described are the anastigmatic deflection yoke and single-control adjustable gamma.
A Study on Definition and Identify Standard for Alkalescent Rice——A Sample Guhemama Rice Produced in Daan Ancient River Channel Experiment Area

The alkalescent rice( weak alkali rice) is a rice included primary micro quantity alkali,. and the alkalescent Japonica rice is a Japonica rice included micro quantity alkali. It is produced in the alkaline environment only,and the pH of water,soil and rice are tree key factors to determine. Their index systems of pH are: soil is 7. 5 ~ 9. 5; water is 7. 5 ~ 8. 5; and rice is 6. 5 ~ 8. 0( new rice pH is 7. 0 ~ 8. 0,old rice pH is 6. 5 ~ 7. 0). The experiment,used Jijing 88 to produce the"Guhemam Rice"in the Daan Ancient River Chanel Wanmu Experiment Area,shows that the weak-middle soda saline-alkali soil can be used to produce the alkalescent rice( alkalescent japonica rice) directly,and the weigh soda saline-alkali soil and alkali soil must be first improved to be the weak-middle saline-alkali soil. Therefore,it is a reserve soil sources. The"Guhemama Rice". is a excellent rice and has a huge potence for to development famous rice brand for China and jilin province.
Application of Web Service on Secondary Vocational School Roll Management Platform

Based on the analyze of the actual needs of vocational education schools,I have researched on the platform to applicants Web Service technology.And design and implement it.Through the practical application,it shows that the application of vocational education management platform make improve the efficiency of managements of vocational education.
Extramammary Paget’s Disease in the Scrotal and Inguinal Areas

AbstractExtramammary Paget’s disease is a malignant condition. The clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis of this lesion in the scroto-inguinal area are discussed.
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Induces Genome-Wide Hypomethylation within Early Zebrafish Embryos

Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCIPP) is a high-production volume organophosphate-based plasticizer and flame retardant widely used within the United States. Using zebrafish as a model, the objectives of this study were to determine whether (1) TDCIPP inhibits DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) within embryonic nuclear extracts; (2) uptake of TDCIPP from 0.75 h postfertilization (hpf, 2-cell) to 2 hpf (64-cell) or 6 hpf (shield stage) leads to impacts on the early embryonic DNA methylome; and (3) TDCIPP-induced impacts on cytosine methylation are localized to CpG islands within intergenic regions. Within this study, 5-azacytidine (5-azaC, a DNMT inhibitor) was used as a positive control. Although 5-azaC significantly inhibited zebrafish DNMT, TDCIPP did not affect DNMT activity in vitro at concentrations as high as 500 μM. However, rapid embryonic uptake of 5-azaC and TDCIPP from 0.75 to 2 hpf resulted in chemical- and chromosome-specific alterations in cytosine methylation at 2 hpf. Moreover, TDCIPP ex...
3D ROI imaging with a detector smaller than the imaged object

In industrial CT applications, one is often interested only in knowledge about an region of interest (ROI) within the imaged object. Furthermore, it is not uncommon that the available detector cannot form a field of view (FOV) covering the entire support of the imaged object and that the scan is achieved through the rotation of the object instead of only the source and detector. In this work, we proposed an approach to imaging an ROI using a detector with a limited size and general scanning configuration. The BPF algorithm has been generalized to reconstruct ROI images from data acquired with the configuration. Results of numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed approach can yield accurate ROI reconstruction. The approach and result may find important imaging applications in industry and security scan.
Accuracy of channelized hotelling observer performance measures estimated from repeated CT scans

We consider estimation of channelized Hotelling observer performance measures from a finite sample of reconstructed CT images, resulting from repeated scans. After observing that precise statistical theory for estimates of the SNR and AUC does not appear to be well-known in the medical imaging literature, we demonstrate how known results from the statistics literature may be applied to better understand the distributions of estimates for the SNR and AUC. In addition, we provide exact expressions for the bias and variance of the estimated SNR2 and show how the moments for the estimated AUC may be numerically evaluated, without Monte Carlo simulation.
Immersive tangible geospatial modeling

Tangible Landscape is a tangible interface for geographic information systems (GIS). It interactively couples physical and digital models of a landscape so that users can intuitively explore, model, and analyze geospatial data in a collaborative environment. Conceptually Tangible Landscape lets users hold a GIS in their hands so that they can feel the shape of the topography, naturally sculpt new landforms, and interact with simulations like water flow. Since it only affords a bird's-eye view of the landscape, we coupled it with an immersive virtual environment so that users can virtually walk around the modeled landscape and visualize it at a human-scale. Now as users shape topography, draw trees, define viewpoints, or route a walkthrough, they can see the results on the projection-augmented model, rendered on a display, or rendered on a head-mounted display. In this paper we present the Tangible Landscape Immersive Extension, describe its physical setup and software architecture, and demonstrate its features with a case study.
Targeting Translation Bypasses Pim Kinase Activity, a Common and Adverse Prognostic Marker In Lymphoma

Abstract 119 The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently activated in lymphoma, but rapamycin-analog (rapalog) mTOR inhibitors have shown only modest benefits in clinical trials on lymphoma patients. To better understand the resistance of lymphomas to rapalogs, we have undertaken a study of the Pim family kinases, which signal in parallel to PI3K/AKT/mTOR and whose expression has been detected in multiple subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The two pathways converge on activation of cap-dependent translation, suggesting new treatment possibilities by targeting this common downstream output. To assess the clinical relevance of Pim activity, we have quantified Pim1 and Pim2 expression in multiple NHL subtypes using tissue microarray (TMA) technology. We find common expression of Pim1, Pim2, or both proteins in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, 65.5%), follicular lymphoma (58%), small lymphocytic lymphoma (76.5%) and mantel cell lymphoma (89.7%). Importantly, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of clinical data linked to our DLBCL TMAs show a strong trend toward a worse overall survival when Pim expression is present in diagnostic tumor samples compared to Pim-negative tumors (p=0.0965). Studies in vivo demonstrate Pim9s ability to accelerate oncogenesis in a manner similar to AKT in model systems specific to Burkitt9s lymphoma (Eμ - Myc ) and follicular lymphoma (VavP- Bcl2 ). Treatment studies in secondary recipient animals show that Pim promotes resistance to anthracycline chemotherapy like AKT. However, Pim tumors completely resist rapamycin in stark contrast to AKT tumors. To elaborate on these findings, we have employed a genetically defined system of rapamycin sensitivity lacking mTOR9s upstream repressor TSC2. These studies show that Pim9s ability to mediate rapamycin resistance is dependent on its ability to maintain inhibitory phosphorylation of the translation repressor 4EBP1. Specifically, a phosphorylation-site deficient mutant of 4EBP1 completely abrogates Pim9s ability to maintain the viability of the TSC2 −/− cells. We have expanded on this finding using the drug silvestrol, which inhibits cap-dependent translation by targeting eIF4A. Silvestrol shows high potency against Pim-expressing TSC2 −/− cells (IC 50 50 1–10 nM). Indeed, targeting cap-dependent translation appeared more effective than the Pim kinase inhibitor SGI-1776 (IC 50 1–10 μ M against lymphoma cell lines), which has significantly higher potency against Pim1 than Pim2. In conclusion, we have more clearly defined Pim kinase activity as a major mediator of oncogenesis in multiple NHL subtypes and as a likely negative prognostic marker in DLBCL. Our mechanistic and treatment studies provide a strong rational basis for targeting cap-dependent translation as a treatment strategy to bypass Pim activity and improve lymphoma patients9 responses to both cytotoxic and rapalog therapies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has emerged as a valued nonpharmacologic therapy in patients with heart failure, reduced ejection fraction (EF), and ventricular dyssynchrony manifest as left bundle branch block. The mechanisms of benefit include remodeling of the left ventricle leading to decreased dimensions and increased EF, as well as a decrease in the severity of mitral regurgitation. This article reviews the rationale, effects, and indications for CRT, and discusses the patient characteristics that predict response and considerations for nonresponders.
Dynamic behavior of an electrostatic MEMS resonator with repulsive actuation

Static and dynamic analyses of an electrostatic microbeam under repulsive force actuation are presented. The repulsive force, created through a specific electrode configuration, generates a net electrostatic force on the beam pushing it away from the substrate. This allows large out-of-plane actuation and eliminates the pull-in instability. For example, a dynamic amplitude of 15 $$\upmu $$ m was recorded for a 500- $$\upmu $$ m-long cantilever at a DC voltage of 195 V and an AC voltage of 1 V, while the initial gap was only 2 $$\upmu $$ m. This study includes mathematical modeling and simulations for a cantilever and a clamped–clamped beam, as well as experimental validation. The beam is modeled using Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and electromechanical coupling effects. Cantilever tip displacement, clamped–clamped midpoint deflection, and natural frequency shifts are reported. Governing equations are solved numerically using the shooting method, which provides a complete picture of the beam dynamics. The numerical results are verified with experimental data from fabricated beams using PolyMUMPs standard fabrication. Frequency response results reveal a mixed softening and hardening behavior and secondary resonances originating from quadratic and cubic nonlinearities in the governing equations. The analysis provides insight for applications in optical and gas sensors where a large signal-to-noise ratio and, sometimes, a wide frequency bandwidth are desired.
Carotid cavernous aneurysms and fistulae

Our experience in treatment includes conservative management, internal carotid occlusion, and thrombosis by wire, by needles, and by balloon.
Nirvana and other Buddhist felicities

Preface and Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Textual chronology General introduction: Buddhism and civilisation history I - structures and processes: Part I. Nirvana In and Out of Time: Introduction to part I: systematic and narrative thought - eternity and closure in structure and story 1. The concept of nirvana 2. The imagery of nirvana 3. Nirvana, time and narrative Conclusion to part I: modes of thought, modes of tradition Part II. Paradise in Heaven and on Earth: Introduction to part II: utopia and the ideal society 4. Heaven, the land of Cockaygne and Arcadia 5. Millennialism Critical discussion: what is 'millennialism'? Premodern ideas and modern movements 6. The perfect moral commonwealth? Kingship and its discontents 7. The Vessantara Jataka Conclusion to part II: in what sense can one speak of Buddhist utopianism? General conclusion: Buddhism and civilisation history II - reprise: Appendices Bibliography Glossary Indexes.
Potential Roles of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor During Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) deletion in adult mouse muscle fibers contributes to impaired contractile and muscular adaptations to a hypertrophic stimulus suggesting a critical role in adult muscle growth. This review explores the hypothesis that VEGF is essential for adult muscle growth by impacting inflammatory processes, satellite-endothelial cell interactions, and contractile protein accumulation by functioning within known hypertrophic signaling pathways including insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1-Akt) and Wnt-s-catenin.
Two Methodological Approaches to the Integration of Mixed Methods and Case Study Designs: A Systematic Review:

Case study has a tradition of collecting multiple forms of data—qualitative and quantitative—to gain a more complete understanding of the case. Case study integrates well with mixed methods, which ...
Augmented surrogates for predictive extrapolation in electromagnetics

Surrogate models are a popular solution for predictive science of complex models with restricted computational budgets. We introduce the augmented surrogate, an adaption allowing both extrapolation and cost reduction for training the surrogate, and give an illustrative example for a prediction scenario for the Helmholtz problem.
Self-Injury and Stereotypies

Self-injury and stereotypies are behavioral problems that have caused considerable concern and have received a good deal of attention in the child psychopathology literature. Similar etiologies have been proposed for both problems, and many of the overt manifestations of the conditions are similar. In this chapter, a review of these two conditions is undertaken, with a discussion of their similarities and differences, their prevalence, and their etiology, as well as some discussion regarding the evaluation of the conditions. Self-injury and stereotypies are found most frequently in particular subpopulations of handicapped children: visually impaired, autistic, and mentally retarded persons. For the visually impaired, the stereotyped responses in particular are evident. Also, there is an overlap of the autistic and mentally retarded groups. It is estimated that 70% of autistic persons also evince mental retardation. The mentally retarded group is subdivided into four groups: mild, moderate, severe, and profound. And the rate of these disorders increases as the severity of the mental retardation increases. Several proposals about this relationship have been made from an etiological standpoint. At present, these relationships are correlational only. Considerable future research will be needed to pinpoint precisely what causes and maintains self-injury in a given child. However, we do know that these problems are often idiosyncratic, so that explanations are difficult. Self-injury is the first area to be discussed.
Exchange-Rate Policy after a Decade of

This paper integrates exchange-rate policy into a model of exchange- rate behavior, and examines the data econometrically to infer hypotheses about policy behavior in the 1970s. The model shows how unanticipated movements in money, the current account, and relative price levels will cause first a jump in the exchange rate, and then a movement along a "saddle path" to the new long run equilibrium. Here the role of "news" in moving the exchange rate is clear. The model is used to analyze the options available to the central bank that wants to reduce the jump in the exchange rate following a real or monetary disturbance. The distinction is made between monetary policy and sterilized intervention, and a regime in which the domestic interest rate is used as the policy variable is also studied. Systems of vector autoregressions (VARs) for each of four countries -- the U.S., the U.K., Germany, and Japan -- are estimated, and the correlations among their residuals are studied. These represent the "innovations," or "news" in the time series. A clear pattern emerges in these correlations, in which policy in the U.S. and to a lesser extent Japan, drives exchange rates, and policy in Germany and the U.K. reacts. It appears that U.S. monetary policy is essentially determined by domestic considerations, with the exchange rate moving as a consequence. In Japan, interest rates are varied in response to movement in the current-account and relative price levels, and the effects on the exchange rate are partially neutralized by sterilized intervention. Germany and the U.K. react to movements in their exchange rates by moving interest rates, and sterilized intervention.
Searching For Safety in an Unsafe World

While speculation that the LHC could banish all adults to a parallel universe or create zombies is clearly unfounded, given the steady diet of mad scientists fed to the public by popular media we should not be surprised that some in the public have wondered if they can trust the record-breaking high-energy experiments at CERN.
Common approaches for studying advocacy: Review of methods and model practices of the Advocacy Coalition Framework

Abstract The Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) is a theoretical framework widely applied by public policy scholars to study advocacy. Since its inception in 1986 by Paul Sabatier, the framework has been applied hundreds of times across the globe to various policy issues. One side effect of this growth and diversification is a lack of common methodological approaches. Inspired by historic calls to balance generalizable knowledge-of-policy process with contextualized knowledge-in-policy, as well as more recent calls for comprehensive accounting of trends in studies with such a diversity of application, this research supports social science dialogue and knowledge-building by offering a better understanding of the methods used in ACF applications and by highlighting model approaches. We used content analysis to categorize data sources and analytic methods of 161 English language peer-reviewed journal articles applying the ACF published between 2007 and 2014. We found that most ACF applications relied on qualitative analysis of interviews and documents, and analytic method varied according to theoretical focus. Multiple ACF applications modeled clear, compelling and varied data collection and analytic approaches consistent with theoretical conceptualization. Overall, this research provides a more detailed accounting and understanding of what methods social science scholars around the world use to study public advocacy and discusses some exemplary methods for theory testing.
Robotic Radical Nephrectomy for Massive Renal Tumors.

Introduction: The role of robotic surgery in radical nephrectomy is controversial with detractors claiming no benefit over standard or hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy with increased cost. We...