cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-8 modulates feeding by direct action in the central nervous system

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is released in response to infection, inflammation, and trauma. The most important stimuli for IL-8 release during these pathological processes are IL-1, tumor necrosis factor, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin), factors that have been shown to suppress feeding. In the present study, the participation of IL-8 on the central regulation of feeding was investigated. Intracerebroventricular (icv) microinfusion of recombinant human IL-8 (rhIL-8, 1.0-100 ng/rat) suppressed the short-term (2-h) food intake. The most effective dose of rhIL-8, 20 ng, decreased 2-h food intake by 25% and nighttime food intake by 23%. Intracerebroventricular microinfusion of anti-rhIL-8 antibody (200 and 500 ng) blocked the effect of 20 ng rhIL-8 on 2-h and nighttime food intakes. Computerized analysis of behavioral patterns for the 2-h period demonstrated a specific reduction of meal size (by 33%), whereas meal frequency and meal duration were not affected after the icv microinfusion of 20 ng rhIL-8. This short-term food intake suppression by icv rhIL-8 was accompanied by a small, but significant, increase in cerebrospinal fluid-brain and rectal temperatures. Intraperitoneal administration of rhIL-8 in doses equivalent to those administered centrally had no effect on food intake. The results suggest that IL-8 acts directly in the central nervous system to decrease feeding. This effect of IL-8 may contribute to the food intake suppression frequently accompanying pathological processes.
Selecting Quality Twitter Content for Events.

Social media sites such as Twitter contain large amounts of user contributed messages for a wide variety of real-world events. While some of these "event messages" might contain interesting and useful information (e.g., event time, location, participants, opinions), others might provide little value (e.g., using heavy slang, incomprehensible language) to people interested in learning about an event. Techniques for effective selection of quality event content may therefore help improve applications such as event browsing and search.In this paper, we explore approaches for finding representative messages among a set of Twitter messages that correspond to the same event, with the goal of identifying high quality, relevant messages that provide useful event information. We evaluate our approaches using a large-scale dataset of Twitter messages, and show that we can automatically select event messages that are both relevant and useful.
Plating reliability and high frequency testing of DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC

Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) with low dielectric loss is suitable for use on microwave and millimeter wave circuits. Thick film gold or silver conductors are used as metallization on LTCC substrates. Gold prices are increasing at a rapid rate, so efforts were made to lower the dependency on gold by substituting silver with Ni/Au surface finishes as the top conductor. The external thick film silver conductors were plated using a standard Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) process. The Ni/Au surface finishes provides substantial improvement to fretting corrosion, environmental protection, contact resistance, wire bond strengths, solder ability and solder joint reliability. The reliability testing of DuPont™ GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC with Ni/Au surface finishes is being conducted. The reliability test methods & conditions were chosen from well-established industry standard test protocols. This paper reports the reliability and high frequency testing results on the ENIG plated GreenTape™ 9K7 LTCC s...
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A PORTABLE ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE FOR DIAGNOSE OF GROUNDING GRID CORROSION

The galvanostatic technique was adopted to diagnose the corrosion situation of grounding grid for electric substation.A portable computerized system was constructed to implement the in-field measurement,which consists of current limiting probe,potentiostat,data acquisition card,laptop and data processing software.The probe was designed to solve the current distribution problem,the data processing software was developed to eliminate the noise and the IR drop by wavelet filtering and Levenberg-Marquardt fitting respectively.The measurement procedure involve inserting the probe into the soil right above the target grounding grid,detecting the galvanostatic charge curve and finally obtaining the polarization resistance Rp as an evaluating parameter.The system was applied at several electric substations and showed good performance in these practical applications.
Does the Measurement or Magnitude of Academic Entitlement Change Over Time

Academic entitlement (AE) characterizes students who believe they deserve positive academic outcomes independent of performance. Using the Academic Entitlement Questionnaire, we evaluated the longitudinal stability of the measurement and magnitude of AE. Results indicated partial measurement invariance, slight average increase in AE, and differential individual change in AE over time.
Participatory Design through a Learning Science Lens

Participatory design is a growing practice in the field of Human Computer Interaction (HCI). This note is a review of how participatory design activities are a form of learning. The premise of this exploration is that participatory design is more than asking participants for their help in design. Instead, participatory design is a set of methods and practices used to scaffold the design experience, increasing participants' reflection of their own knowledge and accounting for their previous knowledge so they can more fully engage in the design process. This active reflection and considerations of pervious experiences are closely tied to metacognition and a number of learning theories. Exploring previous studies provides examples of how learning theories are enacted through participatory design and how a greater awareness of these theories can inform the practice of participatory design.
Women and anxiety.

Some, but not all, of the DSM-III-R defined anxiety disorders are more frequent in women than in men; social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder are most equal in sex ratio. Clinical and community-epidemiologic samples tend to agree, and family studies indicate that the higher frequency of anxiety in women may represent one clinical presentation of a familial affective disorder/substance abuse-sociopathy "spectrum" disorder. Developmental studies suggest that gender differences relevant to the expression of anxiety symptoms may start quite early in life; psychodynamic theories would also tend to implicate early learning and experience. Women may be more responsive to life stresses, which might influence the occurrence of anxiety symptoms; however, the actual role and source of these stresses is not yet fully understood. Physiologic differences in brain structure between men and women are undoubtedly important in the gender differences in symptoms observed. Clinical management can be affected by these differences.
The Effect of Coating System Base Pressure on the Laser Damage Threshold of HfO2/SiO2 High Reflection Coatings for 527 nm

This study examined whether coating system contamination, indicated by poor base pressure, has a negative impact on the laser-induced damage threshold of HfO2/SiO2 high reflection coatings for 527 nm.
Die Integration der Muslime und die Entstehung eines europäischen Islam

Ein vergleichender Blick auf den politischen Umgang mit religiosen Konflikten in verschiedenen europaischen Staaten lasst ein vorsichtig optimistisches Zwischenresumee im Hinblick auf die erfolgreiche Inkorporierung muslimischer Minderheiten in Europa zu (vgl. Laurence 2012). Es zeigt sich aber auch, dass die Prasenz muslimischer Gemeinschaften die historisch gewachsenen Beziehungen von Staat und Gesellschaft in Europa nachhaltig beeinflusst hat. Die Art und Weise, wie diese Beziehungen neu verhandelt werden, zeigt, wie Regierungen, die darum bemuht sind, neue Gruppen in ihre politische Strukturen einzubinden, immer wieder mit unterschiedlichen Zielsetzungen und Schwierigkeiten konfrontiert werden.
Ultrasonography and Percutaneous Orbital Aspiration

Ultrasonically-guided percutaneous needle biopsy or aspiration is a well-established technique in abdominal and thoracic diagnosis (Elyaderani & Skolnick 1978, Wolf 1978, Reynes, et al. 1977, Goldberg 1978). Schyberg (1975), Westman-Naeser & Naeser (1978), Kennerdell, et al. (1979, 1980), and Spoor, et al. (1980), have described the technique of aspiration biopsy in orbital tumors, and Jakobiec & Chattock have used a similar technique for biopsy of tumors of the lid (Jakobiec & Chattock 1979), as well as for intraocular mass lesions (Jakobiec & Chattock 1978, Jakobiec, et al. 1979). The ophthalmic interest in this technique has centered exclusively on tissue diagnosis of mass lesions by the provision of biopsy material suitable for histologic examination.
Uniformity of Peptide Release Is Maintained by Methylation of Release Factors

Termination of protein synthesis on the ribosome is catalyzed by release factors (RFs), which share a conserved glycine-glycine-glutamine (GGQ) motif. The glutamine residue is methylated in vivo, but a mechanistic understanding of its contribution to hydrolysis is lacking. Here, we show that the modification, apart from increasing the overall rate of termination on all dipeptides, substantially increases the rate of peptide release on a subset of amino acids. In the presence of unmethylated RFs, we measure rates of hydrolysis that are exceptionally slow on proline and glycine residues and approximately two orders of magnitude faster in the presence of the methylated factors. Structures of 70S ribosomes bound to methylated RF1 and RF2 reveal that the glutamine side-chain methylation packs against 23S rRNA nucleotide 2451, stabilizing the GGQ motif and placing the side-chain amide of the glutamine toward tRNA. These data provide a framework for understanding how release factor modifications impact termination.
Causal Models for Randomized Trials with Continuous Compliance

In behavioral medicine trials, such as smoking cessation trials, 2 or more active treatments are often compared. Noncompliance by some subjects with their assigned treatment poses a challenge to the data analyst. In particular, the joint distribution of the observed and counterfactual compliance variables cannot be identified, without imposing strong assumptions. However, due to randomization, each marginal compliance distribution can be identified. These marginal distributions impose bounds on the joint distribution. Our approach is to use a copula model to link the two marginal distributions, up to a sensitivity parameter. We then take a principal stratification approach to estimate causal effects. We develop this approach when compliance is either binary (yes/no) or continuous (dose).
Über Lamartines religiöse Gedichte

Die Rezension erschien zuerst 1820 im vierten und funften Heft der von Schlegel herausgegebenen Concordia und fugt sich in den »betont katholischen Zuschnitt « der Zeitschrift ein (3, LXXXVIII; s. Kap. III.K.69).
Performance of Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty in Young and Active Patients

Introduction: Hard-on-hard bearings and surface replacement (SR) have been used in young and active patients due to the reduced wear and lower rates of osteolysis. However, neither of these options resulted in survivorship higher than 90%–95% in this group of patients. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare minimum 10-year survivorship of non-cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) using 28 mm metal head against highly-cross linked polyethylene (HXLPE) in our cohort as compared to published reports of other bearings, including surface replacements, in young-active patients. Matierial and Methods: From 1999 to 2003, 91 consecutive patients (112 hips; 57 males and 34 females) with average UCLA score of 8 and mean age 53 years (range 24–65 years), who received metal on HXLP (Crossfire), were included. At minimum 10-years follow-up, patients9 clinical data was assessed. All level I, II studies, registry data, and prospective cohorts published in the literature with minimum 10 years of surface replacement (SR) and ceramic on ceramic (CoC) in young patients were included. Results: There were no revisions for fracture, osteolysis or loosening. There were 2 revisions: one periprosthetic infection and one chronic dislocation. Kaplan-Meier survivorship was 97% for all cause failures and 100% for wear-related failures. In review of the literature, the 10-year results of metal on HCLPE in young patients as well as the registry data were similar or better than SR and CoC. Discussion and Conclusion: This study demonstrates that 28 mm metal head on HXLPE has lower revision rates as compared to other bearings and surface replacement in the published literature at a minimum 10-year follow-up in young-active patients, without the limitations of heard-on-heard bearings. This bearing should be considered as the gold standard for young and middle age patients. Oxidation of Crossfire is an overly stated limitation.
Researching the Intersection of Program Supervision and Field Placements: Interactional Ethnographic Telling Cases of Reflexive Decision-Making Process

In this chapter, we seek to contribute to this growing body of work by making transparent the interactional ethnographic logic of inquiry that is guiding, and has guided, an ongoing research program of an early childhood teacher education program (ECTE) with PreK-3rd grade licensure in the Midwest United States. This research program was designed to support a reflexive process, through which the program director (Katz, first author) sought to systematically explore the impact of particular changes being considered within the teacher education program, before scaling the change to the full program.
Bridging the Gap Between Human Factors and Epidemiological Models: Recommendations for Future Research

Infectious diseases have threatened society for a long time and continue to pose challenges to policymakers and researchers. Although infectious disease epidemiology has been increasingly explored over the last 25 years, studying the complex interaction between human behavior, its epidemiological consequences, and their resultant feedback on human behavior is a relatively uncommon area of investigation. Additionally, most of the epidemiological studies that include some type of human factors are mainly theoretical and lack empirical data on human behavior. Nonetheless, understanding this interplay between human factors and infectious diseases is crucial to understanding the disease dynamics and, consequently, to enable its control and prevention. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present an overview of studies conducted in the area of behavior and disease spread modeling, to discuss some challenges associated with them, and, finally, to raise some insightful questions to be addressed by future research in order to bridge the gap between human factors and epidemiological models. The ultimate goal is to develop a conceptual framework, focused on infectious disease modeling, to guide the design of surveys on human behavior. This will allow for estimating behavioral parameters that can be used to inform epidemiological models, increasing their value and accuracy and, thereby, elevating their role from a theoretical model to a health policy decision support tool.
Does Early Artificial Rupture of Membranes Speed Labor in Preterm Inductions

Objective In full-term patients, early artificial rupture of membranes (AROMs) decreases time in labor. We assessed the impact of early AROM in preterm patients undergoing indicated induction of labor. Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing indicated preterm induction (23–34 weeks) at a single tertiary care center from 2011 to 2014. Early AROM was defined as Results Of the 149 women included, 65 (43.6%) had early AROM. Early AROM was associated with an increased time from the start of induction to delivery (25.7 ± 13.0 vs. 19.0 ± 10.3 hours, p Conclusion In this observational cohort, early AROM was associated with an increased risk of cesarean. A randomized controlled trial is necessary to determine the optimal timing of AROM in preterm patients requiring delivery.
HLA-DQB1*06 is a risk marker for chlamydia reinfection in African American women.

Associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants and chlamydia-related outcomes have been inconsistent. We previously identified HLA-DQB1*06 as a risk marker for chlamydia reinfection in a cohort of predominately HIV-infected adolescents. As chlamydia reinfection can lead to reproductive complications, validation of this finding in HIV-seronegative women may help reveal the underlying biology. We performed HLA-DQB1 genotyping in HIV-seronegative, chlamydia-infected African American women who were evaluated for reinfection at 3- and 6-month visits after treatment. Of 185 evaluable women for whom HLA-DQB1 genotyping was performed, only HLA-DQB1*06 was associated with chlamydia reinfection (P = 0.009), with no evidence of a dose–response effect for this allele. African American women with HLA-DQB1*06 may warrant more frequent chlamydia screening. More comprehensive genotyping of HLA class II and neighboring genes is needed to establish whether HLA-DQB1*06 is a causal variant for chlamydia reinfection or a surrogate for other causal variants in the major histocompatibility complex.
High sensitivity troponin: The Sisyphean pursuit of zero percent miss rate for acute coronary syndrome in the ED.

Abstract Background The United States Food and Drug Administration recently approved a high sensitivity troponin (hsTn) assay for use. Recent literature has investigated the diagnostic accuracy of hsTn for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the emergency department (ED) and its use in accelerated diagnostic protocols. Objective This article evaluates the existing literature and discusses incorporation of hsTn testing into ED clinical practice based on best available evidence. Discussion Interpretation of this literature for clinical application is challenging due to heterogeneity across studies with regards to the hsTn assays examined, time intervals for delta troponin tests, and study populations. The high sensitivity of these assays is predicated upon the ability of the physician to clinically determine a patient to have a low pre-test probability of disease. Physicians may further ensure maximal sensitivity by defining the cut-off for a positive value as the limit of detection and utilizing delta troponin testing. These assays do not obviate the need to consider follow-up for risk stratification for discharged patients. Higher sensitivity compared to standard troponin tests comes at the expense of lower specificity. Indiscriminate testing may translate to greater numbers of abnormal troponin results in patients with non-ACS syndromes, potentially leading to increased healthcare costs, hospital admissions, increased ED lengths of stay, and unnecessary interventions. Conclusion As hsTn becomes more widespread, it is imperative emergency physicians understand its potential and limitations. Knowledge of test characteristics is vital to ensure appropriate use. Further study of hsTn is required to optimize use.
Representations of Complex Semisimple Lie Algebras

In this chapter, we will study the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of a complex semisimple Lie algebra g. These will be classified by means of a “theorem of the highest weight.” The theorem states that every irreducible representation has a (unique) highest weight, that two irreducible representations with the same highest weight are equivalent, and that the elements that actually arise as highest weights of irreducible representations are precisely the “dominant integral” elements.
Outcome Research on Disorder-Specific Treatments: The Case of Grief Therapy

In a sense, every psychotherapeutic intervention targets a specific set of problems, symptoms, or disorders—those brought in by a specific client. In contrast, much of psychotherapy research examines the outcome of more general interventions, sometimes modified slightly to accommodate a particular set of problems (e.g., CBT for depression versus anxiety). In this chapter we consider research on the outcome of one class of disorder-specific therapies, those concerned with improving adaptation to bereavement, and reflect on both what it may teach us about intervention for more intense and disabling forms of grief and implications for psychotherapy research on other conditions. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of over 60 controlled outcome studies, we attempt to offer a definitive view of the efficacy of current psychosocial treatments for those who have lost loved ones and discuss moderators associated with more effective interventions. Finally, we conclude by considering a handful of theoretically informed approaches that hold promise for the further refinement of evidence-based therapies for bereavement complications and offer some recommendations for outcome studies on other disorder-specific treatments as well.
The Doctrine of Common Psychophysical Properties

This chapter discusses the doctrine of common psychophysical properties. Psychophysics deals with functional relations between output and input, sensation and stimulus, and certain classes of behaviors and the environmental conditions that elicit those behaviors. The scientific study of sensation starts with psychophysics. Psychophysics can be defined broadly as the science that deals with the dependence of the psychological on the physical—with the relationship between sensations or sensory responses on the one hand and characteristics of physical stimuli on the other. The doctrine of general psychophysical properties is most agreeable to one of the basic aims of science: to condense ones knowledge, to discover generic laws of nature, and to reveal the seeds that contain the potential tree of knowledge. In psychophysics, one goal is an understanding of the senses that is not only complete, but also whenever possible, simplified. It becomes more convenient, simpler to deal with sensory systems when one comprehends that they operate in ways that are at least somewhat uniform.
Develop a coupled agent-based modeling approach for uncertain water management decisions

Abstract. Managing water resources in a complex adaptive natural-human system is subject to a challenging task due to the difficulty of modeling human behavior and decision uncertainty. The interaction between human-engineered systems and natural processes needs to be modeled explicitly, and a formal approach is required to characterize human decision-making processes and quantify the associated uncertainty caused by incomplete/ambiguous information. In this study, we two-way coupled an agent-based model (ABM) with a river-routing and reservoir management model (RiverWare) while ABM uses a bottom-up approach that allows individual decision makers to be defined as agents – each able to make their own decisions based on their objectives and confidence in the acquired information. The human decision-making processes is described in the ABM using Bayesian Inference (BI) mapping joined with a Cost-Loss (CL) model (BC-ABM). Incorporating BI mapping into an ABM allows an agent's internal (psychological) thinking process to be specified by a cognitive map between decisions and relevant preceding factors that could affect decision-making. The associated decision uncertainty is characterized by a risk perception parameter in the BI mapping representing an agent's belief on the preceding factors. Integration of the CL model addresses an agent's behavior caused by changing socioeconomic conditions. We use the San Juan River Basin in New Mexico, USA to demonstrate the utility of this method. The calibrated BC-ABM-RiverWare model is shown to capture the dynamics of historical irrigated area and streamflow changes. The results suggest that the proposed BC-ABM framework provides an improved representation of human decision-making processes compared to conventional rule-based ABMs that does not take uncertainties into account. Future studies will focus on modifying the BI mapping to consider direct agents' interactions, up-front cost, joint human and natural uncertainty evaluation, and upscaling the watershed ABM to the regional scale.
Chapter 11 – Family Picornaviridae

Members of the family Picornaviridae are small (pico) RNA viruses. Virions are unenveloped with T=3 icosahedral symmetry (20–30 nm diameter). The family Picornaviridae is one of five named families in the order Picornavirales, a large group of unenveloped positive-strand RNA viruses of plants, insects, and animals. Picornaviral genomes are a single molecule of positive-sense, RNA ranging in size from 7500 to 9000 nt. The 5′ termini of picornaviral genomes are covalently linked to a small protein called VPg. Picornaviral genomes have relatively long (600–1200 nt) 5′ noncoding regions. These contain highly base-paired stem-loop structures that function as internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) by serving as a scaffold for the assembly of ribosomes. The presence of an IRES to direct ribosome assembly means that picornaviral mRNAs can be translated even though they lack a 5′-methyl-G cap. Picornaviral genomes have a single open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of ~2300 amino acids. The protein expression strategy of the picornaviruses is to generate all protein products from a single polyprotein precursor, by stepwise proteolytic cleavages. To date there are 26 names Genera in the family Picornaviridae. Of importance to human health are several members of the genus Enterovirus. Primary sites of replication of members of the genus Enterovirus are epithelial cells and lymphoid tissues of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In the upper respiratory tract enterovirus infections can cause the common cold. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract enterovirus infections are very often asymptomatic. However some enteroviruses can escape the GI tract to infect other organs. For example, paralytic polio is caused by one of three serotypes of poliovirus, an enterovirus that can occasionally cross the blood–brain barrier. Hepatitis A virus (genus Hepatovirus) is another human picornavirus transmitted via the fecal-oral route. It replicates in the liver, causing acute hepatitis. Foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV, genus Apthovirus) infects hoof-stock such as cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses. FMDV is very stable in the environment and is easily transmitted over long distances. In FMDV-free regions of the world occasional incursions and outbreaks cause major disruptions of agriculture and huge economic losses.
Attending an autopsy assured me I had done all I could for my patient

Few medical students take part in postmortem examinations of patients that they have examined and cared for. However, it is a valuable way to demonstrate pathology and can help to keep physical examination relevant. Physical examination at the bedside often demonstrates pathology on a superficial level. All students need to recognise clinical signs and perform physical examination techniques as part of diagnostic reasoning.1 When a patient they have examined dies in hospital, a student has a unique opportunity to supplement the physical examination and other information about the patient with the results of a postmortem examination. The correlation between the autopsy results and the clinical assessment of disease can be illuminating. Leaders in medical education are concerned that over-reliance on laboratory tests and imaging data has led to an “atrophy of bedside evaluation skills.”2 They worry that future students will view their patients purely through electronic data …
Chemistry and Metabolism of Glycosphingolipids in Fabry’s Disease

Fabry’s disease is a systemic metabolic disorder of glycosphingolipid metabolism (Sweeley and Klionsky, 1963). It can be recognized clinically in childhood or early adolescence by cutaneous vascular lesions (angiokeratoma) and periodic episodes of fever and pains in the extremities (Sweeley and Klionsky, 1966). With increasing age, these symptoms are usually accompanied by proteinuria and gradual development of renal dysfunction. A significant mortality occurs in the fourth and fifth decades from renal failure or cardiovascular complications. Pedigree studies (Opitz et al., 1965) and linkage data (Johnston, Warland, and Weller, 1966; Johnston et al.,1969) indicate that the metabolic defect in Fabry’s disease is transmitted by an X-linked gene. The most severely affected individuals are, therefore, hemizygous males, although some heterozygous females also have significant clinical manifestations.
Crossing Floors: Developing an Interdisciplinary CURE between an Environmental Toxicology Course and an Analytical Chemistry Course

We designed a collaborative course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) between an Analytical Chemistry course and an Environmental Toxicology course to engage students in a research project that cannot rely on one discipline alone. This study reports on 47 students’ self-reported experiences with the course outcomes and their opinions of the CURE project. Students in both courses increased their levels of experience in skills related to the CURE project, including their ability to design a project where the outcome was unknown. Further, most students felt a sense of project ownership, but their ownership was attributed only to the positive aspects of the CURE. At the end of the CURE, the students in both classes demonstrated the ability to connect ideas and techniques learned in the course to a broader environmental research question. We also suggest several tips for developing collaborative CUREs in undergraduate courses.
6. MEET THE TEAM: PAIRING VERBAL INTRODUCTIONS AND VISUAL HANDOUTS TO IMPROVE FAMILY KNOWLEDGE OF THEIR CARE TEAM

Background Hospitalized families often have poor knowledge of care team members which can negatively impact communication. Our institution lacked a standard process to introduce the multilevel learner team to families. Baseline data showed few families had knowledge of team members. We sought to create a standardized approach to introductions during patient and family centered rounds (PFCR) to improve family knowledge of their team. Aim Statement Increase the percent of families interviewed through our rounds coach program with knowledge of their team members to 75% over one year Interventions We conducted a quality improvement (QI) project with multiple plan-do-study-act cycles. We created a “Meet the Team” form (MTTF) outlining team member names, photos, and role explanations for the team (nurses, students, residents, fellows, faculty), b) process mapped and refined the steps of MTTF distribution, c) assessed family preferences for frequency and type of introductions via structured interviews by a trained rounds coach d) implemented a series of interventions to sustain the process including fostering introduction use culture change and data tracking/sharing. Measures The outcome measure was the percent of families interviewed by a rounds coach successfully identifying a team member. The process measure was the percent of PFCR that included introductions. The balancing measure was rounds length. We used statistical process control charts to track the impact of interventions. Results Focused interviews of 141 parents revealed 73% preferred verbal introductions on the first day of PRCR and if new members joined the team; 100% preferred paper over electronic MTTF. For the outcome measure, there was an increase in the percent of families who could identify team members from 10% to 78%. The process measure of the rate of PFCR that included introductions showed special cause variation, increasing from 40% to 80% of PFCR events (Figure 1). The balancing measure of rounds length held steady at ∼11 minutes/patient. Conclusions and Next Steps We performed a successful QI project that substantially increased the frequency of team introductions and increased family knowledge of team members with no change in rounds length. Next steps include evaluating the impact of increased team member knowledge on areas of family experience and understanding of care plans.
The effect of information frictions on FDI persistence

Abstract We examine the extent to which firms' familiarity with the investment environment and efficiency of financial markets of the host economies reduce information frictions and in turn affect persistence of FDI. In a simple model of firm learning, we derive the optimal investment equation and estimate it using panel data on bilateral FDI flows. We find that the persistence of FDI is higher when firms invest in developing economies, in distant economies, in economies that are dissimilar to their home country, and when financial markets are less efficient. We interpret the results in the context of our model that when a firm is unfamiliar with the investment environment and financial markets play a limited role in providing information, it is unable to process information from recent signals about its productivity, and is therefore more reliant on its past performance in making future FDI decisions, which raises the persistence of its FDI. Therefore, FDI's apparent stability is not necessarily a positive signal for the host economy as it can result from information frictions.
Integrative Analysis of Multi-Omics Identified the Prognostic Biomarkers in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia.

Background Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a common pediatric malignancy in children younger than 15 years old. Although the overall survival (OS) has been improved in recent years, the mechanisms of AML remain largely unknown. Hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the differentially methylated genes and to investigate the underlying mechanism in AML initiation and progression based on the bioinformatic analysis. Methods Methylation array data and gene expression data were obtained from TARGET Data Matrix. The consensus clustering analysis was performed using ConsensusClusterPlus R package. The global DNA methylation was analyzed using methylationArrayAnalysis R package and differentially methylated genes (DMGs), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using Limma R package. Besides, the biological function was analyzed using clusterProfiler R package. The correlation between DMGs and DEGs was determined using psych R package. Moreover, the correlation between DMGs and AML was assessed using varElect online tool. And the overall survival and progression-free survival were analyzed using survival R package. Results All AML samples in this study were divided into three clusters at k = 3. Based on consensus clustering, we identified 1,146 CpGs, including 40 hypermethylated and 1,106 hypomethylated CpGs in AML. Besides, a total 529 DEGs were identified, including 270 upregulated and 259 downregulated DEGs in AML. The function analysis showed that DEGs significantly enriched in AML related biological process. Moreover, the correlation between DMGs and DEGs indicated that seven DMGs directly interacted with AML. CD34, HOXA7, and CD96 showed the strongest correlation with AML. Further, we explored three CpG sites cg03583857, cg26511321, cg04039397 of CD34, HOXA7, and CD96 which acted as the clinical prognostic biomarkers. Conclusion Our study identified three novel methylated genes in AML and also explored the mechanism of methylated genes in AML. Our finding may provide novel potential prognostic markers for AML.
The role of executive functioning, healthcare management, and self-efficacy in college students’ health-related quality of life

Examine how executive functioning (EF), healthcare management, and self-efficacy relate to college students’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Participants: Undergraduates completed questionn...
VLSI Implementation of a Neural Associative Memory and its Application to Vector Quantization

In previous papers we have proposed a new high capacity associative memory which we call the exponential correlation associative memory (ECAM). In this paper we describe the VLSI design of a programmable ECAM which has been implemented and tested in 3 micron CMOS. The prototype chip is capable of storing 32 memory vectors of 24 bits each. The high capacity of the ECAM is partly due to the use of special exponentiation neurons, which are implemented via sub-threshold MOS transistors in this design. The prototype chip is capable of performing associative recall in 3 μs,and we demonstrate its capabilities for real time processing using binary vector quantization as an example application.
Gender in African Population Research: The Fertility/Reproductive Health Example

We survey the literature on sub-Saharan Africa to identify how gender has factored into explaining fertility levels and behavior. Tracing the development of male role theory, we argue that despite increasing awareness of men's authority, fertility research continues to focus almost exclusively on women and treats gender as a property of individuals instead of as a system of inequality. The mainstream fertility literature generally overlooks the decision-making nexus wherein men's authority seemingly overrides women's preferences. Positing that male authority in the reproductive and sexual arenas is predicated on cultural rights negotiated at marriage - and undergirded by bridewealth payments - we contend that attempts to understand (and change) reproductive behavior will hardly be sustainable without attention to this contextual realm. In that vein, we speculate that efforts to empower women (via increased education, occupational opportunities, microcredit schemes, etc.) may hardly yield sustainable outcomes without concurrent efforts to alter cultural distributions of gendered power.
Reciprocity in Instant Messaging Conversations.

We tested how the introduction and removal of well-defined roles influenced contribution behaviors in instant messaging conversations. Pairs of participants worked on a referential communication ta...
Disposable Bodies: Undocumented Migrants and La jaula de oro’s Poetics of Austerity

The film La jaula de oro (The Golden Dream, 2013), by Mexican-Spanish director Diego Quemada-Diez, begins in a landfill in Guatemala City and ends with one of its main characters, Juan, gathering waste in a meat processing plant, somewhere in the northern United States. Having crossed two borders, survived riding La Bestia across Mexico, and lost Sara, Chauk and Samuel on the way, Juan’s transnational journey comes full circle to end pretty much where it started: at the very bottom of the consumption chain. A strength of La jaula is its ability to make visible that main condition of undocumented migrant bodies: their disposability, the banality of their disappearance and/or death. In this paper I take this line of thought further and explore the ways in which, through its documentary-like style and neorealistic use of non-professional actors and real locations, Quemada-Diez’s storytelling develops what I will call a poetics of austerity. On one hand, the film tells a story about four teenagers whose lives have been made redundant by the effects of neoliberal austerity recipes —states’ disengagement from social investment and wealth redistribution—; on the other hand, its austere style relies heavily on the moving image and conspicuously avoids dialogue or other non-visual ways of creating meaning—such as non-diegetic music, for instance. Weaved together, these two approaches make up a revealing poetics, capable of baring the structural verticality (read inequality) hidden in globalization’s DNA.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Malignancies

Immunodeficiency associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been associated with an increased risk of malignancy since the dawn of the AIDS epidemic. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and invasive cervical cancer were subsequently identified to be increased among HIV-infected individuals and were classified along with Kaposi sarcoma (KS) as AIDS-defining illnesses, though numerous additional malignancies have since been found to be enriched among patients living with HIV/AIDS but are not considered AIDS-defining illnesses. The association of NHL with HIV infection was evident early in the AIDS epidemic, when an unusually high number of lymphomas appeared among young men in cancer registries in California. The majority of patients with AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) will present with a majority of these risk factors present, placing most in the high-risk category. Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is uniformly associated with HHV-8, and though pathologically benign, may occur concurrently with or progress to lymphoma or independently demonstrate rapid progression and result in death. Anogenital squamous cell neoplasms are the third most common subtype of HIV-associated malignancies and are uniformly associated with oncogenic serotypes of HPV, most commonly HPV-16, -18, and -19. A number of other malignancies, including cancers of the lung, liver, prostate, testes, and skin, among others, occur with increased frequency in HIV-positive patients, and this trend continues since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Chapter 8 Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterase and Calmodulin in Early-Onset Inherited Retinal Degenerations

Publisher Summary Cyclic 3´,5´-nucleotide phosphodiesterase catalyzes the hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine 3´,5´-monophosphate or cyclic guanosine 3´,5´-monophosphate (cGMP) to the corresponding 5´-nucleotide. The phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzyme is the only enzyme that can break down or metabolize cyclic nucleotides. Therefore, along with the appropriate cyclase enzymes, PDE is of pivotal importance in controlling the concentration of intracellular messengers. PDE also plays an active role in the regulation of cyclic-nucleotide concentration. This is particularly true in the photoreceptor cell where it may very well have a central role in the visual process. Cyclic nucleotides and PDE inhibitors can damage and destroy retinal rod photoreceptors, although the mechanism is obscure. There is a need to define a method for decreasing the cGMP concentration, possibly through the stimulation of residual PDE activity in the remaining photoreceptor cells.
Special Interest Partisanship: The Transformation of American Political Parties in Government

This paper will analyze the relationship between special interest groups and the Republican Party from the Nixon administration through the Reagan administration. During this period, liaison between the party in government and special interest organizations became more formal, and the manner in which parties in government attempted to reach special interest groups also changed. The Nixon administration tried to communicate directly with special interests in the electorate, bypassing groups as much as they could. Ford changed this strategy dramatically, institutionalizing relations between the White House and organized groups through the Office of the Public Liaison (OPL). The Ford administration cast a wide net, attempting to build relationships with many different groups in a short period of time. OPL’s efforts were systematic and widespread under Ford, though liaison became more concentrated under Reagan. The Reagan administration’s relationships with special interest groups were more intense, but also narrower. Drawing on theories of the firm, I will explain why parties chose to integrate certain special interest groups into their infrastructure in what amounts to an organizational evolution similar to the one American businesses experienced after World War II. Parties were active, willing participants in this endogenous transformation of the American party system because it helped them achieve their electoral and policymaking goals. Though special interest partisanship may contribute to the image of a “culture war” in contemporary American politics, its origins are surprisingly non-ideological. Rational strategy, not ideology, drove the changes we see in the relationship between special interests and parties.
Racial Attitudes of Hearing-Impaired Adolescents.

Little is known about the racial attitudes of handicapped students, themselves victims of prejudice of a different kind, although as late as 1963 eight states maintained separate educational facilities for black hearing-impaired students (Moores and Oden, 1977). A great deal of recent research has addressed the general area of "socialization" among the hearing-impaired. Early investigators (Madden, 1931; Lyons, 1934; Pinter, 1937: Kirk, 1938; Springer, 1938; Streng and Kirk, 1938), while reporting mixed levels of results, found that hearing-impaired children generally had more emotional problems than hearing students. Existence of a hearing impairment reduces the effectiveness of spoken language as a primary transmitter of culture and social attitudes. Psychologists working with hearing-impaired children have repeatedly emphasized the language factor.
Bell state free dense coding with linear optics

We explore the possibility of implementing dense coding with linear optics and coincidence photodetection without Bell state discrimination. We discover that such implementations exist for two-photon in N-mode (N=4,6,8) scenarios and provide examples.
Applying the virtual data provenance model

In many domains of science, engineering, and commerce, data analysis systems are employed to derive new data (and ultimately, one hopes, knowledge) from datasets describing experimental results or simulated phenomena. To support such analyses, we have developed a “virtual data system” that allows users first to define, then to invoke, and finally explore the provenance of procedures (and workflows comprising multiple procedure calls) that perform such data derivations. The underlying execution model is “functional” in the sense that procedures read (but do not modify) their input and produce output via deterministic computations. This property makes it straightforward for the virtual data system to record not only the recipe for producing any given data object but also sufficient information about the environment in which the recipe has been executed, all with sufficient fidelity that the steps used to create a data object can be re-executed to reproduce the data object at a later time or a different location. The virtual data system maintains this information in an integrated schema alongside semantic annotations, and thus enables a powerful query capability in which the rich semantic information implied by knowledge of the structure of data derivation procedures can be exploited to provide an information environment that fuses recipe, history, and application-specific semantics. We provide here an overview of this integration, the queries and transformations that it enables, and examples of how these capabilities can serve scientific processes.
The role of perception, interpretation, and decision making in the development of beginning teachers’ competence

This study investigates beginning US elementary teachers’ competence for teaching mathematics and its development during teacher preparation and into the first 2 years of full-time teaching. Data are drawn from three longitudinal case studies and include the classroom video analysis survey, classroom observations and interviews about teachers’ instructional decisions, and whole-day shadowing. A multi-case study design was used to examine the processes of perception, interpretation, and decision making in participants’ comments on video clips of teaching episodes and in reflections about their own teaching. Findings support the central role of these processes in teacher competence and the generative power of reflections revolving around student thinking and tools, such as classroom discourse and visuals. Teachers’ communities also played an important role in teachers’ decision making. A model of teacher competence from a situated perspective is proposed and the classroom video assessment is discussed as a measure of teacher competence in context.