cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Political Sublime

Michael J. Shapiro. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2018. 224 pp., illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. $94.95 cloth (ISBN 978-0-8223-7033-8); $24.95 paper (ISBN 978-0-8223-7052-9); $24.95...
Remarks of Gail Heriot, Professor of Law, University of San Diego (for Panel Two): Symposium on Intellectual Diversity; Panel Discussions: ‘Why Intellectual Diversity Matters’ (Panel One) and ‘What Is to Be Done?’ (Panel Two), Annual Meeting of the Association of American Law Schools in San Diego, January 6, 2018

Intellectual diversity is sadly lacking in academia today. And given the current campus culture of trigger warnings, micro-aggressions, hate speech codes, and bias response teams, there is a feedback loop that makes fixing the problem especially difficult. Why would a qualified conservative want to go into academia given that campus culture? In this presentation, Professor Heriot expressed pessimism about the likelihood that this can be easily corrected. Colleges and universities are designed as institutions to disperse power widely so as to make it impossible for any group to impose their will on the university. This feature has generally served academia well. But it also means that when things go seriously awry, it is hard to right the ship. Of the partial solutions she suggests, the one she has the greatest confidence in is the idea of reducing federal influence over higher education. For example, a university that is not in compliance with Title IX will get its funding cut off (and rightly so). But what is viewed as a violation of Title IX these days has gotten way out of hand. When Title IX is being interpreted in ways that tend to stifle free inquiry, when it is being interpreted in ways that deny any semblance of due process to those accused, it is being misinterpreted.
TURBULENT RELAXATION IN COMPRESSIBLE TWO-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS

Initial results for the turbulent relaxation of a compressible magnetofluid are presented. Two dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (2D MHD) simulations using a pseudo-spectral algorithm are used to study the evolution as a function of acoustic Mach number for initial states which would normally undergo either dynamic alignment or selective decay in the incompressible limit.
Why not common morality

This paper challenges the leading common morality accounts of medical ethics which hold that medical ethics is nothing but the ethics of everyday life applied to today's high-tech medicine. Using illustrative examples, the paper shows that neither the Beauchamp and Childress four-principle account of medical ethics nor the Gert et al 10-rule version is an adequate and appropriate guide for physicians' actions. By demonstrating that medical ethics is distinctly different from the ethics of everyday life and cannot be derived from it, the paper argues that medical professionals need a touchstone other than common morality for guiding their professional decisions. That conclusion implies that a new theory of medical ethics is needed to replace common morality as the standard for understanding how medical professionals should behave and what medical professionalism entails. En route to making this argument, the paper addresses fundamental issues that require clarification: what is a profession? how is a profession different from a role? how is medical ethics related to medical professionalism? The paper concludes with a preliminary sketch for a theory of medical ethics.
School personnel and child abuse and neglect reporting behavior: An integrative review

Abstract Purpose Although school personnel are in a good position to identify cases of abuse and neglect, they may fail to report these cases. This failure may leave victims to suffer the negative effects of abuse and neglect and deprives them of possible help. Because the evidence for factors associated with this behavior is insufficient, an integrative review was conducted to synthesize the literature related to factors associated with the reporting by school personnel of child abuse (schoolteachers, principals, counselors, early educators, kindergarten teachers, and daycare teachers). Design and methods A systematic search was conducted using the PsychINFO, Embase, ERIC, and PubMed electronic databases that was limited to the past ten years and journal articles in the English language. The search terms were “school personnel,” “child abuse,” “neglect,” and “reporting.” Studies were included if their focus was on factors associated with child abuse and neglect reporting by school personnel in private schools, public schools, or daycares. Studies were excluded if their focus was not on child abuse and neglect reporting; if they were non-research articles, theses/dissertations, or interventional studies; or if the focus was on special education. Results Sixteen articles based on 14 studies were reviewed: nine quantitative studies, three qualitative studies, and two mixed methods. All the studies had used different instruments, and only three had a theoretical framework that was different from each other. Three categories of factors associated with the reporting behavior were identified as system, victim, and reporter characteristics. These studies provide a description of these factors; however, the evidence of the degree of association between these factors and the reporting behavior was still at the beginning stage. No common theories or instruments guide the science of child abuse and neglect reporting behavior. Practice implications Further research should investigate the association between school personnel’s reporting behavior and influential factors to facilitate effective interventions. Once evidence exists, school nurses, for example, in collaboration with other professionals, can target school personnel with interventions to increase reporting behavior.
Low-Tech Innovations to Prevent Neonatal Mortality: Perspectives from Public Health, Neonatology, and Biomedical Engineering

Mothers, fathers, and family and community members eagerly await the birth of a newborn baby the world over. Nearly 260 babies were born every minute in 2017, approximately 135 million births in total for the year. Although often a time of great joy for families, the first month of life is the most vulnerable of a child’s life, with an estimated 2.6 million babies dying before reaching the 28th day of life in 2016, approximately 2% of all newborn babies. Within the first month of life, the first week and especially the first day are the most dangerous times. This chapter discusses a variety of technologies—both low- and high-tech—for improving newborn survival and health.
Theatrical Border Crossings: Stereotypes against Realism in the Plays of Young Jean Lee

This chapter examines two plays by Korean-American playwright and director Young Jean Lee: Songs of the Dragons Flying to Heaven (2006) and The Shipment (2009). In both plays, Lee leverages the contrast between stereotype and realist characterization, highlighting the ways in which theatrical form solicits modes of spectatorship that in turn reinforce racial boundaries. The author demonstrates the ways in which Lee’s work continues an established lineage of late-twentieth century performance scholars and theatre artists who self-consciously appropriate racial stereotypes in order to negate their ideological power on the one hand, while on the other addressing the pitfalls of a politics of representation that insists on “truthful” portrayals of minorities. Drawing on Henry Giroux’s theory of “border pedagogy,” the author shows the ways in which Lee mobilizes the audience’s perceptions of race across the theatrical border rather than attempt to “accurately” depict migrant subjects onstage.
Diet and lifestyle factors associated with cognitive performance in college students.

OBJECTIVE Engaging in a healthy diet and positive lifestyle behaviors have been shown to improve cognitive functioning in children and older adults, however, few have examined these factors in college-aged students. Participants: A diverse sample of 115 college students were recruited on two university campuses. Method: Completed computerized cognitive testing and an online survey about diet and lifestyle behaviors. Results: All analyses were conducted with Pearson's correlations. Higher fruit consumption was correlated with better visual memory scores. Higher seafood consumption was correlated with better learning performance. Increased fast food consumption was correlated with poorer executive functioning in resident students and poorer visual memory performance in commuter students. Increased fluid intake on testing day was correlated with better visual memory and better verbal memory performance. Conclusions: Behavioral changes such as increasing hydration, eating more fruit and fish, and eating less fast food may improve cognitive performance in college students.
Development of a penem antibiotic against Mycobacteroides abscessus.

β-lactams are the most widely used antibiotic class to treat bacterial infections in humans. Mycobacteroides abscessus is an emerging pulmonary pathogen resistant to most antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins. With no current FDA-approved treatment and cure rates <50%, there is a pressing need for effective therapies. Here we report T405, a new β-lactam of the penem subclass that exhibits potent activity against M. abscessus and a panel of drug-resistant strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients. Additionally, in combination with the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam, the rate of spontaneous resistance of M. abscessus to T405 approached the limit of detection. Lastly, we show the favorable pharmacokinetic profile of T405 in mice and the absence of toxicity at elevated dosage, which support the clinical potential of this compound. Batchelder et al. report a new penem class antibiotic, T405, which exhibits potent activity against M. abscessus and clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis patients. The development of resistance to T405 is inhibited with the addition of a β-lactamase inhibitor, avibactam. Its clinical potential is further demonstrated by T405 displaying a favourable pharmacokinetic profile in mice with an absence of toxicity.
Autonomy on the horizon: comparing institutional approaches to disability and elder care

This article asks how people come to interpret themselves and others as autonomous given their multiple dependencies. We draw on a cross-case comparison of ethnographic studies with two populations for whom autonomy is both central and problematic: elderly patients in post-acute care, and young adults with disabilities in an independent living program. Analyzing the institutional efforts to make their clients “as independent as possible,” we find that staff members at each organization formulate autonomy as a temporal project through an ongoing calibration of open futures, ideal pasts, and situational competence. Constantly adjusting and fine-tuning where in time autonomy “really” is, workers arrange present dependence so that the contours of the future remain open for their clients. In other words, they make use of temporal markers to produce recognizable autonomous subjects whose dependencies are momentary. Theorizing this temporal project enables us to see more clearly how all of us engage in the constant business of “doing” autonomy, and to better understand the role of institutions in producing autonomous selves.
A Wideband Millimeter-Wave Rotman Lens Multibeam Array Using Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line (SICL) Technology

This article presents a wideband Rotman lens multibeam array implemented with substrate integrated coaxial lines (SICLs) for millimeter-wave (mmW) applications. Unlike other dispersive transmission lines commonly used with printed circuit boards, SICL is a nondispersive planar coaxial line that supports the propagation of transverse electromagnetic waves, thus enabling broadband designs of mmW Rotman lenses. Two types of wideband, compact transition structures consisting of small strips and blind vias were designed to transfer energy between the input–output SICLs and parallel-plate lens cavity. Wideband tapered slot antennas excited by SICLs, with a compact lateral size and wide beamwidths, were introduced as the radiating elements to realize a wide scanning range over a large bandwidth. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, a multibeam array prototype that includes seven beam ports and ten array ports connected to ten antenna elements was designed and fabricated. Experimental results agree well with simulation results and show that the proposed multibeam array has an overall bandwidth of 57% (25–45 GHz) with nearly frequency-invariant beam steering performance within ±45°. The desirable wideband operation in conjunction with the ease of integration with planar circuits and low-cost fabrication make the proposed multibeam array design a promising solution for various mmW applications.
Seed Piece Spacing for Early-Maturing Table-Stock Potato Grown under Subtropical Conditions

Potato seed piece spacing (SPS) is a determinant driver of tuber size profile and can be adjusted to maximize tuber yield. Three field trials were carried out in subtropical growing conditions to determine the response of SPS (e.g., 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm) on aboveground biomass, total tuber yield (TTY), tuber size distribution, and tuber quality of six table-stock potato cultivars. TTY and size distribution were affected by the length of the tuber bulking and weather conditions. Narrow SPS had an impact on TTY showing a linear decrease as SPS increased. Large tuber yield was higher when vine kill was conducted on 91 days after planting compared to 81 and 84. Cultivar showed variability in tuber size profiles. Red LaSoda and Satina yields were predominantly large tubers, Purple Majesty and Natascha had higher production of small tuber sizes. Adjusting SPS and cultivars can optimize tuber production and size distribution.
Electoral and Party Influence on Presidential Messages, 1789-1897

This article probes the history of various types of presidential messages from the outset of the U.S. Constitution in 1789 until 1897. Using statistical procedures, it assesses influences on these messages. The study finds that both electoral and party influences have an impact on the type and frequency of messages sent by American presidents, albeit in an uneven manner. The author tallies types of messages over time, providing a valuable tool for further research in the area.
Investigating caregiver coaching in an early intervention model for children with hearing loss

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between early intervention providers’ backgrounds and their perceptions of caregiver coaching and auditory skill development. An exp...
Hepatotoxicity Of Experimental Hemochromatosis

In hereditary hemochromatosis, the liver is the major recipient of the excess absorbed iron, and after several years of high tissue iron concentrations, fibrosis and, eventually, cirrhosis develop. Complications of cirrhosis are the most common causes of death in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis. Despite the convincing clinical evidence for the hepatotoxicity of excess iron, the specific pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for hepatocyte injury and hepatic fibrogenesis in chronic iron overload are poorly understood. In our laboratory, experimental hemochromatosis is achieved by feeding rats a diet supplemented with carbonyl (elemental) iron. The pattern of distribution and the degree of hepatic iron overload are qualitatively and quantitatively comparable to that seen in human hereditary hemochromatosis. We have demonstrated evidence of iron-induced mitochondrial and microsomal lipid peroxidation and a variety of associated organelle functional abnormalities, followed by, portal fibrosis, in rats with chronic iron overload. Recent work from our laboratory has shown an increase in the hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as significantly impaired mitochondrial metabolism of this product of peroxidized lipids, in iron-loaded rats. Additionally, other investigators have reported that MDA causes an increase in both collagen production and in procollagen I gene expression in cultured human fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that aldehydic byproducts resulting from iron-induced lipid peroxidation could be an important initiating factor leading to increased hepatic fibrogenesis in iron overload. In the liver, lipocytes (Ito cells) represent the most likely source of increased collagen production, and with dietary iron overload, hepatocytes are the most likely source of the increase in hepatic MDA. Therefore, aldehydic peroxidation products may serve as a link between hepatocellular lipid peroxidation and subsequent hepatic fibrosis in iron overload, either by directly stimulating lipocyte collagen production or by activating Kupffer cells to release profibrogenic cytokines.
Intravascular Ultrasound Applications to the Thoracic Aorta

Unlike traditional cardiac ultrasound that uses an exterior probe and is limited to imaging between the patient’s ribs or a transesophageal probe, intravascular ultrasound uses a miniature ultrasound transducer mounted on the tip of a catheter. Due to its intraluminal perspective, IVUS imaging provides information that supplements angiography. Standard IVUS catheters use a 9 Fr delivery sheath and a 0.035 in. guidewire, but smaller catheters do exist like the eagle-eyed gold catheter which uses a 0.014 in. guidewire. The ultrasound transducer emits and receives signals at 12.5, 20, or 30 MHz, producing an axial image (or frame) similar to the cuts from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Sizes, Increase in MHz results in a more detailed image (“Near vision”) with a decrease in MHz resulting in more penetration with larger field of view.
Attribution and Appraisal: Elements of a Theory of Conduct

Our project has developed some unexpected directions. We are now called upon to give an account of the actions of a being capable of practical rationality — of the conduct of an agent. But I shall not begin by straightaway embarking on such an account, by attempting to develop ab initio a theory of action. Instead, I shall first lay some extensive groundwork. I want to approach the topic of practical rationality circuitously, through a development of what I will call “attribution theory”.
Long-Term Results of Osteoarticular Allografts in Weight-Bearing Joints

The long-term results of osteoarticular allografts used in weight-bearing joints are not well documented due to a lack of a sufficient number and follow-up of patients in most series. Lexer (1925) reported a 50% failure rate of such grafts [1] with follow-up of approximately 2.5 years. Parrish reported good results in 68% of his 16 patients with an average follow-up of 5 years [2]. We have reviewed a group of 104 patients who had an osteoarticular transplant at the hip or knee with a minimum 3-year follow-up and maximum 16-year follow-up. This study was performed in an attempt to document more clearly the results after transplantation of these grafts and to determine what factors most affected results.
Finding a Fit Between Congregations and Pastors: A Survey Approach

Abstract Given the nature of the pastor selection process in some denominations, the approach used by pastor search committees to determine the pastoral needs of the congregation may be disorganized and unreliable. The author suggests that one way of improving this process is to seek input from the congregation through a survey which provides information regarding the personality and ministry approach preferred by the church. Effective analysis of this data may improve the search committee's decision as to a fit between a prospective pastor and the congregation.
A P2X receptor-mediated nociceptive afferent pathway to lamina I of the spinal cord

Of the six lamina regions in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, lamina I is a major sensory region involved in nociceptive transmission under both physiological and pathological conditions. While P2X receptors have been shown to be involved in nociception, it remains unknown if P2X receptors are involved in nociceptive transmission to lamina I neurons. Using rat spinal cord slice preparations and patch-clamp recordings, we have demonstrated that the excitatory synaptic transmission between primary afferent fibers and lamina I neurons is significantly affected by ATP and α,β-methylene-ATP. The synaptic effects of them include the increases of the frequency of both miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) and spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs), and decreases of evoked EPSCs (eEPSCs). These effects were blocked by pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2', 4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS, 10 μM) and suramin (30 μM). In the neurons for which ATP and α,β-methylene-ATP had effects on mEPSCs, sEPSCs and eEPSCs, capsaicin produced similar synaptic effects. Our results indicate that P2X receptors are expressed on many afferent fibers that directly synapse to lamina I neurons. Furthermore, these P2X receptor-expressing afferent fibers are capsaicin-sensitive nociceptive afferents. Thus, this study reveals a P2X receptor-mediated nociceptive afferent pathway to lamina I of the spinal cord and provides a new insight into the nociceptive functions of P2X receptors.
A Novel Silicon Micromachined Cryogenic Capacitive Pressure Transducer

A novel cryogenic capacitive pressure transducer was developed using Silicon micromachining techniques. It employs a flexible Silicon membrane which is sealed to a helium sample chamber with an Indium seal. A thin film capacitor plate is attached to the back side of the membrane. A second thin film capacitor plate is located a short distance away on a fixed Silicon wafer. Pressure variations in the sample cell will flex the membrane thereby adjusting the relative capacitance of the circuit. The membrane can be easily fabricated to precise dimensions, allowing fine tuning of the spacing between the capacitor plates. This allows easy optimization of the sensitivity and dynamic range of the transducer.
Fatty liver disease is associated with underlying cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected persons(*).

Background Cardiovascular disease is an increasing concern among HIV-infected persons and their providers. We determined if fatty liver disease is a marker for underlying coronary atherosclerosis among HIV-infected persons. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in HIV-infected adults to evaluate the prevalence of and factors, including fatty liver disease, associated with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. All participants underwent computed tomography for determination of coronary artery calcium (CAC; positive defined as a score >0) and fatty liver disease (defined as a liver-to-spleen ratio <1.0). Factors associated with CAC were determined using multivariate logistic regression models. Results We included in the study 223 HIV-infected adults with a median age of 43 years [interquartile range (IQR) 36–50 years]; 96% were male and 49% were Caucasian. The median CD4 count was 586 cells/μL and 83% were receiving antiretroviral medications. Seventy-five (34%) had a positive CAC score and 29 (13%) subjects had fatty liver disease. Among those with CAC scores of 0, 1–100 and >100, the percentage with concurrent fatty liver disease was 8, 18 and 41%, respectively (P=0.001). In the multivariate model, CAC was associated with increasing age [odds ratio (OR) 4.3 per 10 years; P<0.01], hypertension (OR 2.6; P<0.01) and fatty liver disease (OR 3.8; P<0.01). Conclusions Coronary atherosclerosis as detected using CAC is prevalent among young HIV-infected persons. The detection of fatty liver disease among HIV-infected adults should prompt consideration of assessment for underlying cardiovascular disease and risk factor reduction.
Not to Put Too Fine a Point on It — Does Increasing Precision of Geographic Referencing Improve Species Distribution Models for a Wide-Ranging Migratory Bat?

Bat specimens held in natural history museum collections can provide insights into the distribution of species. However, there are several important sources of spatial error associated with natural history specimens that may influence the analysis and mapping of bat species distributions. We analyzed the importance of geographic referencing and error correction in species distribution modeling (SDM) using occurrence records of hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus). This species is known to migrate long distances and is a species of increasing concern due to fatalities documented at wind energy facilities in North America. We used 3,215 museum occurrence records collected from 1950–2000 for hoary bats in North America. We compared SDM performance using five approaches: generalized linear models, multivariate adaptive regression splines, boosted regression trees, random forest, and maximum entropy models. We evaluated results using three SDM performance metrics (AUC, sensitivity, and specificity) and two data sets...
Stock returns and expected inflation: evidence from an asymmetric test specification

Previous studies that examined the relationship between stock returns and inflation have used a symmetric test specification, and have reported evidence of an inverse relation. We use an asymmetric model to re-examine this fundamental relationship between stock returns and inflation. We partition the study period into sub-samples of high and low inflation regimes. An inverse relation between stock returns and inflation forecasts is found during only low inflation periods, while a positive relation is detected through high inflation periods. In combination, results from both high and low inflation regimes suggest that stocks have delivered favorable inflation protection.
Racial and Ethnic Minority College Students' Stigma Associated with Seeking Psychological Help: Examining Psychocultural Correlates.

Many college students underuse professional psychological help for mental health difficulties. The stigma associated with seeking such help appears to be one of the reasons for this underuse. Levels of psychological distress and past use of counseling/psychotherapy have been found to be important correlates of stigma associated with seeking psychological help (Obasi & Leong, 2009; Vogel, Wade, & Haake, 2006). For racial and ethnic minorities, the hindering effects of self-stigma and perceived stigmatization by others on treatment seeking may further be compounded by their relationships with their own ethnic groups, with other ethnic groups, and with the dominant society. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test a model that explored the effects of psychological distress and psychocultural variables (i.e., ethnic identity, other-group orientation, perceived discrimination) on perceived stigmatization by others and self-stigma for seeking psychological help, controlling for past use of counseling/psychotherapy. The sample consisted of 260 African American, 166 Asian American, and 183 Latino American students. SEM multigroup analyses indicated measurement invariance, but partial structural invariance, across racial/ethnic groups. Across all 3 groups, higher levels of psychological distress and perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, respectively, predicted higher levels of perceived stigmatization by others for seeking psychological help, which, in turn, predicted greater self-stigma for seeking psychological help. Higher levels of other-group orientation predicted lower levels of self-stigma of seeking psychological help across groups. Higher levels of ethnic identity predicted lower levels of self-stigma of seeking psychological help only for African Americans. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Sequential Design and Estimation in Heteroscedastic Nonparametric Regression

Abstract The paper considers, for the first time in the literature, sharp minimax design of predictors and sharp minimax sequential estimation of regression functions in a classical heteroscedastic nonparametric regression. The suggested methodology of a sharp minimax design of predictors in controlled regression experiments with fixed-size samples is based on minimization of the coefficient of difficulty of an underlying regression model, which is defined as a factor in changing the sample size that makes the estimation problem comparable with estimation in a homoscedastic regression with unit-variance errors and uniform design. It is established that an optimal design density is proportional to an underlying scale function. This makes a sequential design of predictors, based on a sequential choice of design densities, a particularly attractive statistical strategy that allows the statistician to minimize the coefficient of difficulty during a controlled experiment. It is shown that a developed sequentia...
Cytochalasin B Prevents Specific Sorting of Reaggregating Embryonic Cells

The effect of cytochalasin B on specific sorting during reaggregation of embryonic chick heart and neural retina cells was studied. At a dose that did not measurably affect uptake of precursors of protein and RNA synthesis, ratios of potassium to sodium ions, and nonspecific aggregation, cytochalasin B disrupted the formation of the characteristic pattern of islands of heart cells within a retinal continuum.
The metallurgy of reticulated silver sheet

Abstract Reticulation is a process used by artists in producing attractive rippled surfaces on rolled sheet of Ag-Cu alloys. A metallographic study of the process is presented which shows that a subsurface layer of CuO formed by internal oxidation plays a key role in the process. Based on this study two processes more simple than the conventional process are presented for preparing reticulation sheet.
Difference method for multiple reflection of elastic stress waves

Abstract This paper presents an original method, using finite-difference approximations, for solving problems of stress-wave propagation in an elastic bar with discontinuities. The method, which is also applicable to similar problems in optical, acoustical, and electrical transmission lines, is simple and amenable to hand computation. With a computer, cases involving hundreds of discontinuities, as well as multiple-reflection problems with randomly related transit-time intervals, can be handled with ease. The validity and versatility of the method are demonstrated by solving two illustrative examples; results are shown to be in good agreement with corresponding analytical and experimental results.
Trait Attribution as a Function of Hair Length and Correlates of Subjects' Preferences for Hair Style

Summary The study was designed to examine the trait attribution process of American female college students to male stimulus targets differing in hair length and to explore the relationship between differences in preferences for hair length and differences in S characteristics of the perceiver. In a between Ss design, groups of females (N = 90) rated male stimulus targets of various hair lengths on a number of personalogical and physical dimensions. Short-haired male targets were perceived more favorably and as resembling more the male stereotype than long-haired male targets. Females' relative preference for hair length styles were correlated with their responses to a personality questionnaire, a sexual experience inventory, and a background information questionnaire. The profiles of females who preferred short-haired males could be described as conservative in orientation, while the profiles of females who preferred long-haired males could be described as liberal in orientation. An implication of this s...
The Journal of an African Slaver, 1789-1792, and the Gold Coast Slave Trade of William Collow

In 1929 the American Antiquarian Society published an eighty-three-page manuscript that describes commercial transactions for slaves, ivory, and gold on the Gold and Slave Coasts from 1789 to 1792. George Plimpton owned this manuscript. As it includes a slave-trading ledger of the schooner Swallow, Plimpton entitled the manuscript “The Journal of an African Slaver.” The “journal” is one of the few published documents in the English language that specifies financial transactions for slaves between European and African traders on the coast of Africa during the late eighteenth century.In his four-page introduction to the journal Plimpton stated that:The name of the ship engaged in the traffic was the schooner ‘Swallow,’ Capt. John Johnston, 1790-1792. There is a reference to a previous voyage when ‘Captain Peacock had her,’ also some abstracts of accounts kept by Capt. David McEleheran in 1789 of trade in gold, slaves and ivory on the Gold Coast. None of these names can be identified as to locality, and there is, of course, the possibility, especially taking into consideration the English nature of the cargo bartered, that the vessel was an English slaver.The journal was included with some mid-nineteenth century South Carolina plantation accounts when it was purchased at an auction in New York, thus suggesting to Plimpton that the journal's author was perhaps a “South Carolinian who made this trip to Africa.”In this research note I will identify the various vessels and traders mentioned in this manuscript by referring to the data-set I have assembled from other sources concerning the slave trade during this period. We will seethat Plimpton's “journal” is a set of account books owned by the Gold Coast agents of London and Havre merchant William Collow. I then will discuss the importance of Collow as a merchant and shipowner in the late eighteenth-century British slave trade.
Design of a normal incidence multilayer imaging x-ray microscope.

Normal incidence multilayer Cassegrain x-ray telescopes were flown on the Stanford/MSFC Rocket X-Ray Spectroheliograph. These instruments produced high spatial resolution images of the Sun and conclusively demonstrated that doubly reflecting multilayer x-ray optical systems are feasible. The images indicated that aplanatic imaging soft x-ray /EUV microscopes should be achievable using multilayer optics technology. We have designed a doubly reflecting normal incidence multilayer imaging x-ray microscope based on the Schwarzschild configuration. The Schwarzschild microscope utilizes two spherical mirrors with concentric radii of curvature which are chosen such that the third-order spherical aberration and coma are minimized. We discuss the design of the microscope and the results of the optical system ray trace analysis which indicates that diffraction-limited performance with 600 A spatial resolution should be obtainable over a 1 mm field of view at a wavelength of 100 A. Fabrication of several imaging soft x-ray microscopes based upon these designs, for use in conjunction with x-ray telescopes and laser fusion research, is now in progress. High resolution aplanatic imaging x-ray microscopes using normal incidence multilayer x-ray mirrors should have many important applications in advanced x-ray astronomical instrumentation, x-ray lithography, biological, biomedical, metallurgical, and laser fusion research.
Über die elektronische Zersetzung von CdBr2

Durch Elektronenbeugung wurde nachgewiesen, das CdBr2 durch Bestrahlung mit Elektronen zu Cd zersetzt wird.
A Careful Consideration of the Calibration Concept

This paper presents a detailed discussion of the technical aspects of the calibration process with emphasis on the definition of the measurand, the conditions under which the calibration results are valid, and the subsequent use of the calibration results in measurement uncertainty statements. The concepts of measurement uncertainty, error, systematic error, and reproducibility are also addressed as they pertain to the calibration process.
TelosRFID: An ad-hoc wireless networking capable multi-protocol RFID reader system

This work outlines the design and implementation of an ad-hoc wireless networking capable multi-protocol RFID reader system, called TelosRFID. The name TelosRFID stems from the system's combination of Crossbow Telos rev. B (TelosB) ZigBee motes with a custom 13.56MHz RFID reader board. Custom firmware enables the TelosB motes to construct an ad-hoc ZigBee network and relay RFID tag data from the custom reader board back to a client PC.
Adverse events due to suspected nickel hypersensitivity in patients with essure micro-inserts.

Abstract Study Objective To review reported adverse events associated with suspected nickel hypersensitivity and subsequent clinical outcomes in patients with Essure implants and to evaluate the correlation of nickel allergy–related adverse events with positive results of nickel patch testing. Design Case series (Canadian Task Force classification II-3). Measurements and Main Results Reports of suspected nickel hypersensitivity reported from 2001 through July 21, 2010, were collected from de-identified data obtained from the MAUDE (Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience) database and reports to the manufacturer directly from treating physicians, and published results for the 650 patients in the Phase II and Pivotal trials. Clinical outcomes and symptom resolution, when available, were obtained from de-identified information provided by the treating physicians to the manufacturer. Patients were not directly contacted for the study, and patient files were not reviewed. Patch testing was performed at the discretion of the treating physicians. Results were reported as positive or negative, without mention of the method or brand of patch testing used. Conclusion Even considering the possibility of underreporting by several orders of magnitude, the reported incidence of adverse events suspected to be related to nickel hypersensitivity in patients with Essure micro-inserts is extremely small (0.01%). The incidence of confirmed nickel reactions is even smaller. This very low incidence of clinical reactions is consistent with data from other nickel-containing implantable devices and is reassuring, raising the question of whether nickel reactions are clinically relevant in the use of nitinol-containing micro-inserts for hysteroscopic sterilization.
A fluorometric micromethod for estimation of carnosinase in dried blood samples

Abstract We describe a microfluorometric method for determination of carnosinase activity in dried blood spots on filter paper. The carnosinase in discs punched from such dried blood specimens is activated with cadmium at 30°C. After incubation with the substrate carnosine at the same temperature, histidine is determined fluorometrically. We compare the results of this method with those of a fluorometric method using liquid blood and assess the stability of the enzyme in dried blood on filter paper. The presence of erythrocytes has no effect on the activity. The method may be useful in early detection of carnosinase deficiency and certain other metabolic disorders.
JSON data management: supporting schema-less development in RDBMS

Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) have been very successful at managing structured data with well-defined schemas. Despite this, relational systems are generally not the first choice for management of data where schemas are not pre-defined or must be flexible in the face of variations and changes. Instead, No-SQL database systems supporting JSON are often selected to provide persistence to such applications. JSON is a light-weight and flexible semi-structured data format supporting constructs common in most programming languages. In this paper, we analyze the way in which requirements differ between management of relational data and management of JSON data. We present three architectural principles that facilitate a schema-less development style within an RDBMS so that RDBMS users can store, query, and index JSON data without requiring schemas. We show how these three principles can be applied to industry-leading RDBMS platforms, such as the Oracle RDBMS Server, with relatively little effort. Consequently, an RDBMS can unify the management of both relational data and JSON data in one platform and use SQL with an embedded JSON path language as a single declarative language to query both relational data and JSON data. This SQL/JSON approach offers significant benefits to application developers as they can use one product to manage both relational data and semi-structured flexible schema data.
The new queer narrative: Intervention and critique

(1995). The new queer narrative: Intervention and critique. Textual Practice: Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 477-502.
Butylated hydroxytoluene and inorganic phosphate plus Ca2+ increase mitochondrial permeability via mutually exclusive mechanisms.

Mitochondria undergo a permeability transition (PT), i.e., become nonselectively permeable to small solutes, in response to a wide range of conditions/compounds. In general, opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) is Ca2+- and Pi-dependent and is blocked by cyclosporin A (CsA), trifluoperazine (TFP), ADP, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Gudz and coworkers have reported [7th European Bioenergetics Conference, EBEC Short Reports (1992)7, 125], however, that, under some conditions, BHT increases mitochondrial permeability via a process that may not share all of these characteristics. Specifically, they determined that the BHT-induced permeability transition was independent of Ca2+ and was insensitive to CsA. We have used mitochondrial swelling to compare in greater detail the changes in permeability induced by BHT and by Ca2+ plus Pi with the following results. (1) The dependence of permeability on BHT concentration is triphasic: there is a threshold BHT concentration (ca. 60 nmol BHT/ mg mitochondrial protein) below which no increase occurs; BHT enhances permeability in an intermediate concentration range; and at high BHT concentrations (> 120 nmol/mg) permeability is again reduced. (2) The effects of BHT depend on the ratio of BHT to mitochondrial protein. (3) Concentrations of BHT too low to induce swelling block the PT induced by Ca2+ and Pi. (4) The dependence of the Ca2+-triggered PT on Pi concentration is biphasic. Below a threshold of 50–100 ΜM, no swelling occurs. Above this threshold swelling increases rapidly. (5) Pi levels too low to support the Ca2+-induced PT inhibit BHT-induced swelling. (6) Swelling induced by BHT can bestimulated by agents and treatments that block the PT induced by Ca2+ plus Pi. These data suggest that BHT and Ca2+ plus Pi, increase mitochondrial permeability via two mutually exclusive mechanisms.
Site-Specific Snow Load Models and Hazard Curves for Probabilistic Design

This paper describes a study to develop site-specific probabilistic snow load models for use in reliability analyses of structures in the United States. Annual maximum snow water-equivalent depth data measured at 93 first-order weather stations was obtained from the National Climatic Data Center. These were then converted to annual maximum ground snow loads and statistics at each site were obtained using graphical fitting techniques. The 50 year maximum roof snow load values (in ratio to code-specified nominal values) were then evaluated site by site using the statistics for annual maximum ground snow, extreme value theory, Monte Carlo simulation, statistics for ground to roof conversion factors, and the nominal ground snow load values in ASCE 7. Finally, the 84 sites in the continental United States (excluding nine sites in Alaska) were grouped on the basis of the 5% exclusion values of actual to nominal 50 year maximum roof snow load. Aggregated statistics for 50 year roof snow load in three geographic ...
Evolving black-box search algorithms employing genetic programming

Restricting the class of problems we want to perform well on allows Black Box Search Algorithms (BBSAs) specifically tailored to that class to significantly outperform more general purpose problem solvers. However, the fields that encompass BBSAs, including Evolutionary Computing, are mostly focused on improving algorithm performance over increasingly diversified problem classes. By definition, the payoff for designing a high quality general purpose solver is far larger in terms of the number of problems it can address, than a specialized BBSA. This paper introduces a novel approach to creating tailored BBSAs through automated design employing genetic programming. An experiment is reported which demonstrates its ability to create novel BBSAs which outperform established BBSAs including canonical evolutionary algorithms.
Idiopathic Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage in a 63-Year-Old Male: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Adrenal hemorrhage is a largely uncommon condition typically caused by a number of factors including infection, MI, CHF, anticoagulants, trauma, surgery, and antiphospholipid syndrome. Yet, idiopathic bilateral hemorrhage is rare. The authors present a case of a 63-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain that was eventually diagnosed as bilateral adrenal hemorrhages due to an unknown origin. Abdominal CT revealed normal adrenal glands without enlargement, but an MRI displayed enlargement due to hemorrhage in both adrenals. There was no known cause; the patient had not suffered from an acute infection and was not on anticoagulants, and the patient's history did not reveal any of the other known causative factors. The case underscores the importance of keeping bilateral adrenal hemorrhages on the list of differentials even when a cause is not immediately clear. It also raises the question of whether CT is the most sensitive test in the diagnosis of adrenal hemorrhage and whether the diagnostic approach should place greater weight on MRI. The case highlights the need for prompt therapy with steroids once bilateral hemorrhage is suspected to avert the development or progression of adrenal insufficiency.
Energy dissipation without viscosity in ideal hydrodynamics I. Fourier analysis and local energy transfer

Abstract We outline a proof and give a discussion at a physical level of an assertion of Onsager's: namely, that a solution of incompressible Euler equations with Holder continuous velocity of order h > 1 3 conserves kinetic energy, but not necessarily if h ≤ 1 3 . We prove the result under a “∗-Holder condition” which is somewhat stronger than usual Holder continuity. Our argument establishes also the fundamental result that the instantaneous (sub-scale) energy transfer is dominated by local triadic interactions for a ∗-Holder solution with exponenth in the range 0
Primary decompositions and morita contexts

As shown by Mueller, a Morita context (R,M,N,S) yields a one-to-one order preserving correspondence between certain torsion theories on RMand SMIn addition, Goldman has defined the notions of prime kernei functors and primary modules for arbitrary associative rings. These notions lead to a type of primary decomposition for kernel functors. In this paper we show that under the above correspondence prime kernel functors correspond to prime kernel functors and primary modules correspond to primary modules. Finally we show that the above correspondence preserves the primary decomposition of kernel functors.
Isolated Idiopathic Optic Neuritis: Analysis of Free º-Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Correlation With Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Findings

• There is controversy about the frequency with which patients with isolated optic neuritis (ON) subsequently develop clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, at the time of isolated ON, there are no features that are both sensitive and accurate in predicting which patients will develop clinically definite multiple sclerosis. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from eight patients with isolated ON and compared the result with the presence of clinically silent brain lesions demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The single most common laboratory abnormality was an elevated level of free o-light chains in CSF. This abnormality was present in five (63%) of eight patients with isolated ON and correlated with the presence of clinically silent brain lesions demonstrated in four of the five patients by nuclear magnetic resonance. The only other laboratory abnormality that correlated with disseminated disease was the presence of oligoclonal bands, but this finding was observed less frequently than was an elevated level of free o-chains. Thus, the presence of free o-chains in CSF appears to correlate with disseminated disease in patients with isolated ON and may have prognostic value.