cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Families perception of a rapid response community respiratory physiotherapy team

Background: A rapid response physiotherapy service for children with complex neurodisability was established in 2010. Due its success in reducing AE attendance, hospital admissions and length of stay the service was continued. Aim: To assess the parent and patient experience including school attendance of the service. Method: Parents were given the ‘care measure questionnaire’ - 10 questions, in July 2014 and July 2016. Each question was rated DNA/excellent/very good/good/fair/poor- the median response for each question was noted. The average School attendance was recorded for all children on the caseload for the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. Results: 49 and 45 families completed questionnaires in summer 2014 and 2016 respectively. How was the therapist at 1)Making you feel at ease- excellent 43/49 (2014) and 40/45 (2016) 2)Letting you tell your story -excellent 43/49(2014) and 39/45 (2016) 3)Really listening- Excellent 42/49 (2014) and 41/45(2016) 4)Being interested in you as a whole person- 42/49 (2014) and 40/45 (2016). 5)Fully understanding your concerns 45/49 (2014) and 41/45(2016) 6)Showing care and compassion 45/49 (2014) and 41/45 (2016) 7)Being positive 41/49 (2014) and 41/45 (2016) 8)Explaining things clearly 41/49(2014) and 41/45 (2016) 9)Helping you take control 38/49 (2014) and 39/45 (2016) 10)Making a plan of action 39/49 (2014) and 38/45 (2016). Average % school attendance was 87.6(2015),89(2016) and 86(2017). Conclusion: The rapid response service has an excellent response on the ‘care measure questionnaire’ which is sustained and despite the complexity of the children facilitates a good school attendance which parents/cares have reported is an important outcome.
Use of Technology to Provide Mental Health Care for Racial and Ethnic Minorities: Evidence, Promise, and Challenges

Abstract Mental health disparities among racial and ethnic minorities (R&EM) are well documented. Some of the variables driving these disparities are limited care availability, difficulty accessing services, and attitudinal barriers. Although no single approach will eliminate all these obstacles, the use of technology to provide mental health services represents a paradigmatic shift in care delivery that could reduce unmet mental health need. Despite increasing evidence supporting the feasibility and efficacy of behavioral intervention technologies (BITs), such evidence is more limited among R&EM. For BITs to truly reduce disparities in care, these interventions need to overcome common barriers to treatment that disproportionally affect R&EM. This article reviews the empirical support of different BIT modalities with R&EM. We then provide informed clinical recommendations for the use of BITs with these groups, as well as a case example illustrating these guidelines. We conclude this article by discussing future directions that can inform the development and refinement of BIT approaches for R&EM.
Phthalate Exposures and MicroRNA Expression in Uterine Fibroids: The FORGE Study.

Phthalates are associated with multiple, adverse reproductive outcomes including increased risk of uterine leiomyoma (fibroids). Phthalates can interact with epigenetic modifications including micr...
The Art of Begging

This article discusses how artists initiate collaborations with migrants from Romania who beg on the streets of Scandinavian cities. It analyses two projects: a performance for which the theatre group Institutet paid two migrants begging in Malmo to pose as ‘beggars’ inside the Malmo Fine Arts Museum, and a multiplatform project led by the cartoonist Sara Olausson in collaboration with Felicia Iosif, a homeless woman in Stockholm. In both projects, vulnerability as a condition commonly projected onto migrants is deployed in a tactical field, with unpredictable changes and results. The chapter shows how the migrants involved in the first project were not merely passive and exposed, but partly active when lending their bodies to artists at Institutet. It also sheds light on how Olausson and Iosif shared vulnerability in ways that provoked angry voices in a political climate that has become increasingly hostile to begging migrants in Scandinavia.
Association of geriatric comanagement with reduction in adverse surgical outcomes among patients 75 or older with cancer with prolonged hospital stay.

12036Background: Patients with prolonged hospital stay following surgery are at higher risk of readmission, emergency room visits, and mortality. In our study, we assessed the relationship between ...
Influence of polymer type and carbon nanotube properties on carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposite biodegradation

The interaction of anaerobic microorganisms with carbon nanotube/polymer nanocomposites (CNT/PNC) will play a major role in determining their persistence and environmental fate at the end of consumer use when these nano-enabled materials enter landfills and encounter wastewater. Motivated by the need to understand how different parameters (i.e., polymer type, microbial phenotype, CNT characteristics) influence CNT/PNC biodegradation rates, we have used volumetric biogas measurements and kinetic modeling to study biodegradation as a function of polymer type and CNT properties. In one set of experiments, oxidized multiwall carbon nanotubes (O-MWCNTs) with a range of CNT loadings 0-5% w/w were incorporated into poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) matrices and subjected to biodegradation by an anaerobic microbial community. For each CNT/PNC, complete polymer biodegradation was ultimately observed, although the rate of biodegradation was inhibited above certain critical CNT loadings dependent upon the polymer type. Higher loadings of pristine MWCNTs were needed to decrease the rate of polymer biodegradation compared to O-MWCNTs, an effect ascribed principally to differences in CNT dispersion within the polymer matrices. Above certain CNT loadings, a CNT mat of similar shape to the initial PNC was formed after polymer biodegradation, while below this threshold, CNT aggregates fragmented in the media. In situations where biodegradation was rapid, methanogen growth was disproportionately inhibited compared to the overall microbial community. Analysis of the results obtained from this study indicates that the inhibitory effect of CNTs on polymer biodegradation rate is greatest under conditions (i.e., polymer type, microbial phenotype, CNT dispersion) where biodegradation of the neat polymer is slowest. This new insight provides a means to predict the environmental fate, persistence, and transformations of CNT-enabled polymer materials.
Making Wilkie Worse: Qualified-Immunity Appeals & the Bivens Question after Ziglar and Hernandez

Qualified immunity is awful. But it’s not just the substantive defense that is a problem. Qualified immunity also comes with a slew of special appellate procedures that add difficulty, expense, and delay to civil-rights litigation. Qualified immunity makes it very hard to win civil rights suits. But before you can win, you have to litigate. And qualified immunity’s special appellate procedures ensure that litigating will not be quick or easy. One example is the inclusion of the Bivens question within the scope of interlocutory review. When plaintiffs sue a federal official, courts sometimes must ask the Bivens question: does a cause of action exist for suing this official for this alleged constitutional violation? In Wilkie v. Robbins, the Supreme Court held that this issue was within the scope of review in a qualified-immunity appeal. That was wrong; this inclusion of the Bivens question serves no legitimate purpose and needlessly adds to the complexity of civil rights litigation. The Supreme Court’s recent decisions in Ziglar v. Abbasi and Hernandez v. Mesa make Wilkie even worse. Ziglar and Hernandez emphasized the need to ask the Bivens question anytime a case arose in a “new context.” And the Court defined “new context” so broadly and vaguely that nearly all (if not all) federal officials will have a non-frivolous argument that the claims against them arise in a new context, thereby requiring addressing the Bivens question in both the district court and in an interlocutory appeal from the denial of qualified immunity. Should qualified immunity stick around in its current or an altered form, it will be imperative to reform the rules governing qualified-immunity appeals. And unlike efforts to reform the substantive immunity defense, efforts to change qualified-immunity appeals can be addressed to the Rules Committee. The prospects of doing away with qualified immunity are uncertain. So the time to start thinking about reforming qualified-immunity appeals is now.
Cognitive predictors of a performance-based measure of instrumental activities of daily living following stroke.

To inform cognitive interventions that target functional capacity for individuals who have survived stroke, an evaluation of predictors of daily functioning is necessary. The current literature is ...
Receiver Selectivity Limits on Bistatic Backscatter Range

Backscatter communication has been a popular choice in low-power/battery-free sensor nodes development. However, the effect of RF source to receiver distance on the operating range of this communication system has not been modeled accurately. In this paper, we propose a model for a bistatic backscatter system coverage map based on the receiver selectivity, receiver sensitivity, and geometric placement of the receiver, RF source, and the tag. To verify our proposed model and simulations, we perform an experiment using a low-cost commercial BLE receiver and a custom-designed BLE backscatter tag. We also show that the receiver selectivity might depend on the interference level, and present measurement results to signify how this dependence relates the system bit error rate to the RF excitation power.
Transition metal carbides and nitrides as catalysts for thermochemical reactions

Abstract Transition metal carbides and nitrides (TMCs and TMNs) have attracted much attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties brought by the incorporation of interstitial carbon and nitrogen into the crystal lattice of the parent metals. Recent advances in utilizing TMCs and TMNs have revealed their intriguing catalytic properties in many industrially important reactions, including heteroatom removal, CO2 activation, alcohol reforming, and water–gas shift reactions. The promising activity, selectivity, and stability of TMCs and TMNs, either as catalysts or as supports for other metals, are often attributed to their strong interactions with the adsorbates, tunable surface properties, as well as the synergy with supported metals. This review summarizes the synthesis and characterization of TMC and TMN model surfaces and powder catalysts, and uses several case studies to demonstrate their unique catalytic properties in these important reactions. A discussion is also provided regarding the challenges and opportunities associated with the utilization of TMCs and TMNs in thermocatalysis.
The Effect of intranasal IBR-PI3 vaccination of feeder cattle on arrival at a feedlot compared with vaccination at the start of an outbreak of acute respiratory tract disease

A group of 6-9month old Hereford heifers were vaccinated intranasally with modified live IBR-PI3 vaccine on arrival at a feedlot. Of these, 35% subsequently required treatment for acute respiratory disease, with clinical symptoms including depression, anorexia, increased respiration rate, lacrimation, excess nasal discharge and rectal temperature of 104 deg F. Of the unvaccinated controls, 55% needed treatment, and of contact controls, 57% developed clinical symptoms. In another group of animals, vaccination was not given until respiratory disease occurred. Of these, 68% of the vaccinated animals and 50% of the unvaccinated controls required treatment for acute respiratory tract disease. From the results it is concluded that giving IBR vaccine before possible exposure to the virus is preferable to giving it when infection has already occurred, as vaccination of a sick animal is an additional stress.
Learning from optimal caching for content delivery

Content delivery networks (CDNs) distribute much of today's Internet traffic by caching and serving users' contents requested. A major goal of a CDN is to improve hit probabilities of its caches, thereby reducing WAN traffic and user-perceived latency. In this paper, we develop a new approach for caching in CDNs that learns from optimal caching for decision making. To attain this goal, we first propose HRO to compute the upper bound on optimal caching in an online manner, and then leverage HRO to inform future content admission and eviction. We call this new cache design LHR. We show that LHR is efficient since it includes a detection mechanism for model update, an auto-tuned threshold-based model for content admission with a simple eviction rule. We have implemented an LHR simulator as well as a prototype within an Apache Traffic Server and the Caffeine, respectively. Our experimental results using four production CDN traces show that LHR consistently outperforms state of the arts with an increase in hit probability of up to 9% and a reduction in WAN traffic of up to 15% compared to a typical production CDN cache. Our evaluation of the LHR prototype shows that it only imposes a moderate overhead and can be deployed on today's CDN servers.
Recent Advances in Silicon-29 NMR Spectroscopy

Publisher Summary This chapter deals with the recent advances made in silicon–29 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The tremendous growth of 29 Si NMR has been due largely to the development and application of the pulsed Fourier transform (FT) method in commercial spectrometers. More recently, better sensitivity and the availability of high resolution solids capability on newer spectrometers have further increased the scope of 29 Si NMR. The importance of silicon containing materials to electronics and chemical industries in the form of substrates, catalysts, adhesives, rubbers, fillers, additives, and consumer products has necessitated the development of better characterization methods. For theoretical chemists and physicists, 29 Si chemical shifts, couplings, and relaxation data provide information about bonding, molecular interactions, and motions. Silicon lies immediately below the well-understood carbon and at the beginning of the heavier elements in the periodic table, therefore, understanding the factors involved in determining its chemical shifts and couplings plays a significant role in the development of a unified theory. The chapter presents the more recently obtained results in 29 Si NMR spectroscopy.
Modulation of Amniotic Fluid Activin-A and Inhibin-A in Women With Preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes and Infection-Induced Preterm Birth

PROBLEM Activins and inhibins are important modulators of inflammatory processes. We explored activation of amniotic fluid (AF) activin-A and inhibin-A system in women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM).
Management of oral hemangioma: Review of the literature and report of a case

Abstract Management of the oral hemangioma involves the problem of determining the best treatment modality for each patient. This article presents the factors and considerations necessary to evaluate the various techniques available for treatment.
The use of computer graphic organizers for narrative writing by elementary school students with specific learning disabilities

Writing is an academic skill critical to students in today's schools as it serves as a predominant means for demonstrating knowledge during school years (Graham, 2008). However, for many students with Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD), learning to write is a challenging, complex process (Lane, Graham, Harris, & Weisenbach, 2006). Students SLD have substantial writing challenges related to the nature of their disability (Mayes & Calhoun, 2005). This study investigated the effects of computer graphic organizer software on the narrative writing compositions of four, fourth- and fifth-grade, elementary-level boys with SLD. A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to explore the effects of the computer graphic organizer software on four dependent variables: total number of words, total planning time, number of common story elements, and overall organization. Prior to baseline, participants were taught the fundamentals of narrative writing. Throughout baseline and intervention, participants were read a narrative writing prompt and were allowed up to 10 minutes to plan their writing, followed by 15 minutes for writing, and 5 minutes of editing. During baseline, all planning was done using paper and pencil. During intervention, planning was done on the computer using a graphic organizer developed from the software program Kidspiration 3.0 (2011). All compositions were written and editing was done using paper and pencil during baseline and intervention. The results of this study indicated that to varying degrees computer graphic organizers had a positive effect on the narrative writing abilities of elementary aged students with SLD. Participants wrote more words (from 54.74 to 96.60 more), planned for longer periods of time (from 4.50 to 9.50 more minutes), and included more story elements in their compositions (from 2.00 to 5.10 more out of a possible 6). There were nominal to no improvements in overall organization across the 4 participants. The results suggest that teachers of students with SLD should considering use computer graphic organizers in their narrative writing instruction, perhaps in conjunction with remedial writing strategies. Future investigations can include other types of writing genres, other stages of writing, participants with varied demographics and their use combined with remedial writing instruction.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a cause of necrotizing renal papillitis

Abstract 1. 1. A case of renal papillary necrosis with suppurative pyelonephritis in a nondiabetic adult with a left unilateral calculus urinary obstruction is reported as a unique occurrence. 2. 2. Pathogenesis of this disease entity is discussed with emphasis of bacteriological aspects. 3. 3. Pathologically, the lesion is well recognized and described. 4. 4. Antemortem clinical diagnosis of this disease is rarely made and only if considered in the presence of obvious septicemia and urinary tract obstruction not limited to diabetes.
Selective nonresponse bias in population-based survey estimates of drug use behaviors in the United States.

There is a trend of decreasing response rates in population surveys, and selective nonresponse represents a major source of potential bias in population-based survey estimates of drug use behaviors, especially estimates based on longitudinal designs. This study compared baseline substance use behaviors among initial respondents who did respond (n = 34,653) and did not respond (n = 8440) to a 3-year follow-up interview in a prospective study of the general U.S. adult population. Differences in nonresponse rates were assessed as a function of past-year drug use behaviors both before and after adjustment for socio-demographic differences potentially associated with these behaviors, and the effects of interactions of the socio-demographic characteristics with the drug use behaviors were assessed in multivariate logistic regression models for response at the 3-year follow-up. Weighted and unweighted nonresponse rates varied between alcohol users and users of other drugs such as cocaine and marijuana, with rates of nonresponse being higher in the latter drug categories. There were also significant differences in nonresponse rates as a function of frequency of use and demographics. More specifically, being married tends to reduce the probability of non-response, while older age, being male, being Asian or Hispanic, and having lower education all substantially increase the probability of nonresponse at Wave 2, even after controlling for relevant covariates. This study provides the substance abuse field with a methodology that users of longitudinal data can apply to test the sensitivity of their inferences to assumptions about attrition patterns.
Normal Optical Flow chip

This paper introduces a 2-D dense Normal Optical Flow estimation algorithm being implemented in VLSI which combines imaging and processing on the same chip efficiently. The algorithm computes partial derivatives with respect to time and space and uses their ratio to compute normal flow velocity. The chip implemented in 0.5/spl mu/m CMOS process has a 92/spl times/52 array of APS pixels. The chip occupies an area of 4.5 mm/sup 2/.
Propofol for tracheal intubation in children anesthetized with sevoflurane: a dose-response study.

BACKGROUND: Tracheal intubation during sevoflurane induction is frequently facilitated with i.v. propofol. We designed a dose-response study to evaluate the intubating conditions, and the incidence and duration of apnea after i.v. propofol in children. METHODS/MATERIALS: Sixty healthy children were randomly assigned to 0, 0.5, 1, 2 or 3 mg x kg(-1) i.v. propofol during sevoflurane/nitrous oxide anesthesia. Tracheal intubation was performed approximately 30 s after propofol by an anesthesiologist who was blind to the treatment. The anesthesiologist assessed the responses to laryngoscopy and intubation using a standardized scale. Incidence and duration of apnea after propofol as well as heart rate, and systolic blood pressure before and after laryngoscopy were recorded. Data were analyzed using one-way and repeated measures ANOVA, the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, and logistic regression, with P < 0.05 accepted. RESULTS: The laryngoscopy score after 3 mg x kg(-1) propofol was less than that after 0 mg x kg(-1) (P < 0.01) and 0.5 mg x kg(-1) (P < 0.05). Incidence of apnea after propofol 3 mg x kg(-1), 8/10, was greater than after 0 mg x kg(-1), 3/14 (P < 0.011) and 0.5 mg x kg(-1), 3/12 (P < 0.03). Duration of apnea after 3 mg x kg(-1) was greater than after 0 and 0.5 mg x kg(-1) (P < 0.01). The risk of apnea increased 1.83 fold for each 1 mg x kg(-1) dose increase in propofol (P < 0.01). Mean heart rate and systolic pressure decreased with the main effect, time. CONCLUSION: During sevoflurane/nitrous oxide anesthesia, propofol 3 mg x kg(-1) provides superior intubating conditions with an increased incidence of and prolonged apnea compared with 0 and 0.5 mg x kg(-1).
Purification and kinetic studies of an α-l-fucosidase of Venus mercenaria☆

An alpha-L-fucosidase activity has been isolated from the liver (hepatopancreas) of the common edible clam, Venus mercenaria, and has been purified approximately 300-fold (11% yield) by affinity chromatography on agarose-epsilon-amino-caproylfucosamine. Isoelectric focusing profiles were heterogeneous, revealing several isoenzymes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated the presence of a single subunit of Mr 50,000. The purified enzyme preparation contained only trace amounts of other alpha- and beta-D-glycosidases tested. In addition to p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside, the enzyme hydrolyzed natural substrates such as fucose-containing milk pentasaccharides, thyroglobulin glycopeptides, human salivary glycoproteins, and blood-group-active glycosphingolipids. The enzyme preparation had a broad pH optimum range between 4.5 and 5.5. The apparent Km value with respect to p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside was 0.26mM.
Brief report: Peer group influences and adolescent internalizing problems as mediated by effortful control

Internalizing problems in adolescence encompass behaviors directed inward at the self (Colman, Wadsworth, Croudace, & Jones, 2007). Several predictors have been linked to internalizing problems including antisocial and prosocial peers (Cartwright, 2007; Chung, 2010). Effortful control, a component of self-regulation, is one factor that could mediate the relationship between peer behaviors and individual outcomes. This study assessed the relationship between peer behaviors, effortful control, and adolescent internalizing problems. Participants were 151 middle school adolescents (M = 12.16 years old) who completed self-report questionnaires regarding behaviors of their peers, perceptions of effortful control, and experiences of internalizing problems. Structural equation modeling (SEM) yielded a significant negative relationship between antisocial peers and effortful control, and a significant positive relationship between prosocial peers and effortful control. In addition, effortful control significantly mediated the relationship between prosocial peers and internalizing problems, but not for antisocial peers. Implications for interventions related to adolescent health were discussed.
The Simulacra Effect: The Effect of Media Simulations on Eating Disorder Symptomology in Gay Men

Researchers have uncovered a disturbing trend in the gay community: Gay men are at an increased risk for disordered eating. Researchers in this area generally support the existence of a sociocultural component to this phenomenon; however, these assertions have not been experimentally tested. We attempted to demonstrate that media representations targeted toward gay men have the potential to affect disordered eating and self-perception. Results showed that contrary to the hypothesis, the experimental group did not show an increase in eating disorder symptomology; in some cases, the opposite occurred. Implications of the importance of identifying with media images are discussed.
An integrated multiphase flow sensor for microchannels

The flow regimes of microscale multiphase flows affect the yield and selectivity of microchemical systems, and the heat transfer properties of micro heat exchangers. We describe an integrated optical sensor that uses total internal reflection to detect the structure of multiphase flows in microchannels. The non-intrusive sensor enables detection of individual slugs, bubbles, or drops, and can be used to continuously determine their number and velocity. The sensor performance is modeled using ray-tracing techniques, and tested for several channel geometries. Both gas-liquid and liquid-liquid flows are investigated in microchannels with rectangular and triangular cross-sections. Statistical properties of the flow, derived from the sensor signal, compare favorably to commonly-used dynamic pressure measurements. We demonstrate the integration of the sensor into a planar multichannel microreactor. An existing glass layer used as a waveguide allows us to monitor flows in optically inaccessible channels. This sensor configuration can be integrated into layers of vertically-stacked multichannel microreactors.
Linear Wavenumber Plotting of Spectrophotometer Outputs

The quantity of direct interest in the mathematical analysis and correlation of spectra is the integrated absolute intensity, i.e., I = ∫edv, where e is the molar absorptivity at wavenumber v. Its evaluation requires that the spectra be plotted with an abscissa linear in wavenumber (energy) and the ordinate linear in absorptivity or absorbance. Paradoxically, while the convenience of the ratio recording spectrophotometer has long been available with direct plotting of absorbance, spectra linear in wavenumber have generally been obtained by either hand replotting or digitizing and replotting by computer. A simple analog device is described which obviates this slow step and performs an on-line conversion of wavelength to wave-number according to the equation: 107/mμ = cm−1. The converter, which is mechanically linked to the wavelength scroll of the spectrophotometer, provides an output voltage proportional to the reciprocal of the scroll position. This output is used to position a servocontrolled chart drive (abscissa) on the readout recorder. Electrical circuits and details of construction are given, along with examples of spectra produced.
Anti-reflective coatings reflect ultraviolet radiation

Anti-reflective (AR) coatings provide numerous visual benefits to spectacle wearers. However, coating designers and manufacturers seem to have placed little or no emphasis on reflectance of wavelengths outside the visible spectrum. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sources behind the wearer can reflect from the back lens surface toward the wearer's eye. Various clear lens materials, with and without AR coatings, were tested for their transmittance and reflectance properties. Although the transmittance benefits of AR coatings were confirmed, most coatings were found to reflect UV radiation at unacceptably high levels. Tinted sun lenses also were tested with similar results. Frame and lens parameters were evaluated, confirming that eyewear that incorporates a high wrap frame and high base curve lenses can prevent UV radiation from reaching the eye. The findings strongly suggest that clear, flat lenses should not be dispensed for long-term use in sunny environments, even if clip-on tints are provided.
Water adsorption on clay minerals as a function of relative humidity: application of BET and Freundlich adsorption models.

Water adsorption on kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite clays was studied as a function of relative humidity (RH) at room temperature (298 K) using horizontal attenuated total reflectance (HATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy equipped with a flow cell. The water content as a function of RH was modeled using the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models to provide complementary multilayer adsorption analysis of water uptake on the clays. A detailed analysis of model fit integrity is reported. From the BET fit to the experimental data, the water content on each of the three clays at monolayer (ML) water coverage was determined and found to agree with previously reported gravimetric data. However, BET analysis failed to adequately describe adsorption phenomena at RH values greater than 80%, 50%, and 70% RH for kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite clays, respectively. The Freundlich adsorption model was found to fit the data well over the entire range of...
Impact of stigma on veteran treatment seeking for depression

The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) mandates annual depression screening in primary care; however, veterans often delay seeking treatment after screening positive, which can increase the severity and impact of depression. This mixed-methods study examined the association between stigma and treatment utilization among veterans (N = 271) in primary care with a positive depression screen. A subsample of veterans (n = 23) participated in a semistructured interview to qualitatively explore the social and cultural contexts of treatment utilization for depression. Treatment utilization data based on Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) guidelines were obtained by chart review 3 months following the positive screen date. Logistic regression indicated a lack of evidence that stigma was associated with treatment utilization. However, grounded thematic analysis suggested that stigma negatively influenced perceptions of depression and treatment utilization for some veterans. Four themes emer...
Receptor-templated stapling of intrinsically disordered peptide ligands

We report here a chemoselective peptide “stapling” method that can be performed on ligand–receptor complexes in situ. An appropriately structured macrocyclic bis-oxime linkage is shown to improve the affinity of a peptide ligand for its native protein receptor. The presence of the receptor as a template to preorganize the ligand into its bioactive conformation is found to bias reaction outcomes, suggesting the potential application of the method for receptor-assisted selection of stapled peptides.
Second and third order interactions of benzene with graphite. Hindered rotation in physical adsorption

Abstract Low coverage data for the interaction of benzene with graphite have been analyzed in terms of the virial treatment of physical adsorption. Several potential functions are examined and it is shown that the neglect of hindered rotation in interpreting Henry's Law constant results in serious error.
Overlapping Communication and Computation with High Level Communication Routines

Collective operations and non-blocking point-to-point operations are two important parts of PM I that each provide important performance and programmability benefits. Although non-blocking collective operations are an obvious extension to MPI, there have been no comprehensive studies of this functionality. This dissertation will study non- blocking collective operations, integrating theory, practice, and application. We use a well-understood network model to found our theoretical analyses and we realize our communication operations as a portable library layered on MPI. A real-world quantum-mechanical application is used as a deployment and evaluation vehicle for our approach.
Serologically determined in utero exposure to oral pathogens may be associated with increased risk for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions and length of stay.

Article Title and Bibliographic Information Fetal exposure to oral pathogens and subsequent risk of neonatal intensive care admission. Jared H, Boggess KA, Moss K, Bose C, Auten R, Beck J, et al. J Periodontal 2009;80:878-83. Reviewer Paul I. Eke, PhD, MPH Purpose/Question Is fetal exposure to oral pathogens associated with increased risk for infant admissions to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)? Source of Funding Government: National Institutes of Health Grant (R01DE01245) Type of Study/Design Prospective cohort study Level of Evidence Level 2: limited-quality, patient-oriented evidence Strength of Recommendation Grade Not applicable
Max-flow min-cut for power system security index computation

The security index problem for false data injection attacks on power systems is considered. In particular, the problem is to find the minimum cost set of bus injection meters and line flow meters that an attacker can seize so as to execute a false data injection. A polynomial-time algorithm is provided to solve this problem in certain settings, based on the principle of max-flow min-cut. The security index problem is shown to be equivalent to a min-cut problem, and that this problem can be solved using a generalization of the classic max-flow min-cut algorithm in which flows are successively augmented until doing so is no longer possible.
Long‐distance induced tremor observed off western Canada

Using seismic observations made near the Queen Charlotte Margin (QCM), a seismically active region off the western coast of Canada, Aiken et al. add to the growing body of research on how large earthquakes can cause tectonic plates to slip half way around the world. Reaching north from the intersection of the Juan de Fuca ridge, the Cascadia subduction zone, and the Queen Charlotte Fault, QCM underlies the islands of Haida Gwaii and was the site of a magnitude 7.7 earthquake in October 2012. Drawing on seismic readings collected from 1990 to 2012 and using a database of major worldwide earthquakes, the authors identified three earthquakes that induced tremors in QCM: the 2002 magnitude 7.9 Denali earthquake, the 2004 magnitude 9.2 Sumatra quake, and the 2011 magnitude 9.1 Tohoku earthquake. The authors observed the induction not of conventional earthquakes but of deep tectonic tremors, slips of tectonic plates with epicenters located far beneath the surface.
Comparison of pulsed and continuous-wave carbon dioxide laser interactions with cutaneous tissue

We measured the acute tissue shrinkage using a continuous wave and a pulsed carbon dioxide laser for skin resurfacing. The tissue shrinkage was measured on in vitro, non-facial human skin samples. We also examined the amount of thermal damage in the skin acutely and three days after laser resurfacing using a piglet model. The pulsed laser used a 100 microsecond pulse and delivered 500 mJ in a 3 by 3 mm square spot. The continuous wave laser was delivered with a hand piece that moved the beam in a 3.4 mm spiral during the 0.2 s irradiation. The continuous wave laser was set to 8 W. As expected, the pulsed laser showed less thermal damage acutely and after three days when compared to the continuous wave laser. However, the pulsed laser also showed more tissue shrinkage than was observed with the continuous wave laser. These results imply that the tissue shrinkage from carbon dioxide laser resurfacing may be related to the tissue removal more than collagen denaturation.
The role of H2O during crystallization of primitive arc magmas under uppermost mantle conditions and genesis of igneous pyroxenites: an experimental study

Exposed, subduction-related magmatic arcs commonly include sections of ultramafic plutonic rocks that are composed of dunite, wehrlite, and pyroxenite. In this experimental study we examined the effects of variable H2O concentration on the phase proportions and compositions of igneous pyroxenites and related ultramafic plutonic rocks. Igneous crystallization experiments simulated natural, arc magma compositions at 1.2 GPa, corresponding to conditions of the arc lower crust. Increasing H2O concentration in the liquid changes the crystallization sequence. Low H2O concentration in the liquid stabilizes plagioclase earlier than garnet and amphibole while derivative liquids remain quartz normative. Higher H2O contents (>3%) suppress plagioclase and lead to crystallization of amphibole and garnet thereby producing derivative corundum normative andesite liquids. The experiments show that alumina in the liquid correlates positively with Al in pyroxene, as long as no major aluminous phase crystallizes. Extrapolation of this correlation to natural pyroxenites in the Talkeetna and Kohistan arc sections indicates that clinopyroxenes with low Ca-Tschermaks component represent near-liquidus phases of primitive, Si-rich hydrous magmas. Density calculations on the residual solid assemblages indicate that ultramafic plutonic rocks are always denser than upper mantle rocks in the order of 0.05 to 0.20 g/cm3. The combination of high pressure and high H2O concentration in the liquid suppresses plagioclase crystallization, so that ultramafic plutonic rocks form over a significant proportion of the crystallization interval (up to 50% crystallization of ultramafic rocks from initial, mantle-derived liquids). This suggests that in subduction-related magmatic arcs the seismic Moho might be shallower than the petrologic crust/mantle transition. It is therefore possible that calculations based on seismic data have overestimated the normative plagioclase content (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3) of igneous crust in arcs.
Conductometric Study of Cationic and Anionic Complexes in Propylene Carbonate

Conductivity data are used to determine thermodynamic complex formation constants for cases in which both the initial electrolyte and the complexed electrolyte form ion pairs. Using the method described in the text, the complex formation constants of Li+, Na+ and K+ with the crown ether 18-crown-6 and of Li+ with the ligand triphenylphosphine oxide in propylene carbonate have been evaluated from conductance data. The complexation of AgBr in propylene carbonate solutions of n-etrabutylammonium bromide has also been studied by the measurement of molar conductivities. The results of these studies indicate that ion pairing should not be neglected, even in high permittivity solvents such as propylene carbonate, and that the ion pair association constants correlate well with structural studies on cation-crown ether molecular conformations.
Computer-Controlled Video Subtraction Procedures For Radiology

Over the past five years, our group at the Arizona Health Sciences Center has been developing a system for photoelectronic radiology. One of the projects in which we are involved is intravenous angiography, which Dr. Paul Capp reported on in Session 2 of Recent and Future Developments in Medical Imaging II. The purpose of this paper is to show some of the procedures of manipulation and measurements that have been developed to obtain better subtracted images.© (1979) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Atomic resolution observations of solute-atom segregation effects and phase transitions in stacking faults in dilute cobalt alloys—II. Analyses and discussion

Abstract Solute atom segregation effects to individual stacking faults in Co-0.96 at.% Nb and Co-0.98 at.% Fe alloys have been investigated using the atom-probe field-ion microscope (Part I). In this paper a deconvolution procedure is developed. This procedure in combination with the experimental results is used to demonstrate that the solute concentration profile associated with a stacking fault is extremely narrow—it falls off to the solute concentration of the matrix within less than 4 A. The thermodynamics of solute-atom segregation is discussed in light of the experimental observations. It is shown that a simple Langmuir-McLean segregation isotherm—which assumes no interaction between the segregating atoms—can not be used to interpret our experimental results. However, the results can be explained qualitatively by a Bragg-Williams model, which takes into account the first-nearest-neighbor interaction between atoms. This isotherm predicts the occurrence of a phase transition in the plane of the stacking fault. A partial molar heat of segregation of − 20meV atom−1 and a first-nearest-neighbor interaction energy parameter of −65meV atom−1 are consistent qualitatively with our experimental observations. The experimentally observed transition from an unsaturated (disordered) to a saturated (ordered) stacking fault is broader than the one predicted by the Bragg-Williams model. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed.
Menaquinone is the sole quinone in the facultatively aerobic green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus

Abstract The role of quinones was investigated in Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a thermophilic green bacterium capable of photosynthetic or respiratory growth. Thin-layer chromatography, ultraviolet difference spectroscopy and high-pressure liquid chromatography showed that menaquinone is the only quinone present in both photosynthetic and respiratory Chloroflexus cultures. Menaquinone-10 and menaquinone-8 are the predominant homologues in both cultures. For comparative purposes the quinone compositions in photoheterotrophic cultures of Chromatium vinosum and Chlorobium limicola were also analyzed. Chloroflexus is the only facultatively aerobic photosynthetic bacterium that does not possess ubiquinone. Menaquinone appears to be the only quinone involved in the photosynthetic and oxidative electron transport in this organism.
Gas-Phase Mercury Conversion in H2, O2, Chloro C1-Hydrocarbon, and NO x Combustion Effluent from Use of an Elementary Kinetic Mechanism

Emissions of gaseous mercury from combustion sources and their control are a major environmental concern facing power generators. The removal of mercury by conversion to mercury halides is evaluated by use of an elementary reaction mechanism that is developed from fundamental principles of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Thermochemical properties have been calculated for needed reaction intermediates using CBS-QB3 and density functional methods, and kinetics are from evaluated literature and calculations. An elementary reaction mechanism has been constructed with quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel analysis for chemical activation, and dissociation reactions with Master Equation for fall off. Comparisons of mercury loss versus halogen, hydrocarbon, H2, H2O, O2, CH4, and NO x presence in a typical combustion effluent stream are performed. Results illustrate significant effects of H2 on the formation of HgCl2, and competing effects of NO x species with Hg for the halides. [Supplementary materials are a...
Evaluation of the Labeled Hedonic Scale under different experimental conditions.

Abstract The present study explored the performance, psychophysical properties, and potential limitations of the Labeled Hedonic Scale (LHS) in two different test conditions. The LHS was first compared against the 9-point hedonic scale in a psychophysical laboratory setting by having subjects evaluate two sets of taste stimuli with different size of hedonic ranges. Both scales showed equal discrimination power, but the LHS was more resistant to ceiling effects and its data satisfied the normality assumption for statistical analysis. In the second experiment, subjects with different levels of prior experience with the 9-point scale were recruited to evaluate juice samples and food item names in a large-scale consumer test, after receiving either common written instructions or detailed instructions emphasizing the use of the LHS. Improper use of the LHS (e.g. categorical ratings) was evident for those who received written instructions, especially among subjects who had previous experience with the 9-point scale. The present results support the efficacy of the LHS in various test settings, while highlighting the importance of providing adequate instructions to subjects to fully utilize its advantages.
Sesquiterpene Lactones and Thymol Esters from Vicoa pentanema

The aerial parts of Vicoa pentanema yielded four new sesquiterpene lactones, namely, 10α-hydroxy-14H-inuviscolide (1), 4α,5α-epoxy-10α,11β,13H,14H-1-epi-inuviscolide 3-β-d-glucoside (2), 2α-O-acety...
The influence of density on adults and juveniles of the estuarine fish, the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus)

Abstract The relationship between population density and demographic rates (e.g. survival, reproduction, and growth) is critical to understand population dynamics and has been widely studied in fishes. Estuarine species are regularly exposed to dramatic changes in density with daily, monthly, and seasonal tide cycles, yet knowledge on how density influences demographic rates of fish within these systems is largely lacking. We evaluated the influence of density on the sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) survival, growth, maturation, and reproduction in a series of laboratory studies. Four experiments evaluated the impact of density on demographic rates with and without food limitations and with single (adult) and mixed cohorts (juveniles and adults). The proportion of juveniles to reach sexual maturity was significantly affected by density but was not related to size, indicating that maturation is a function of both the presence and the density of adults. Fecundity was significantly less in the mid-range and high densities compared to the lowest densities tested. There was minimal mortality of both adults and juveniles across all densities, and juvenile growth was only affected at extremely high densities (> 500 fish m− 2). Fish collected from marsh sites using 1 m2 box samplers provided estimates of the frequency of high fish density in estuarine systems. Highest field densities coincided with densities where sexual maturation and fecundity were altered by density treatments in laboratory fish. These studies provide a baseline assessment of the influence of density on previously unmeasured demographic endpoints for an estuarine species and demonstrate both density dependence and demographic plasticity.