cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coupled fermion gap and vertex equations for chiral-symmetry breakdown in QCD.

The fermion gap equation for QCD is usually posed as a simple variant of the Baker-Johnson-Willey equation, with {ital ad} {ital hoc} cutoffs for infrared singularities in the running charge imposed as needed, and no confinement effects taken into account. While we too omit confinement effects, we replace the {ital ad} {ital hoc} cutoffs with a physically consistent picture of QCD, with a dynamically generated gluon mass {ital m} serving as an infrared regulator, and study not only the fermion gap equation but also nonlinear vertex equations which determine the running charge. Fermion loops are included in the vertex equations, which allows us to study the dependence of {alpha}{sub {ital s}}({ital q}{sup 2}) on the fermion constituent mass {ital M}. As one might expect from the one-loop running charge, {alpha}{sub {ital s}}(0) is an increasing function of {ital M}. When we use a standard form of the fermion gap equation and leave out all confinement effects, the relations between {alpha}{sub {ital s}}(0) and {ital M} which follow from the gap equation and the vertex equation are inconsistent with each other, for any value of the gluon mass {ital m}. Although our model is crude, this suggests that confinement plays anmore » important role in chiral-symmetry breakdown in QCD. Furthermore, lack of confinement above the deconfining temperature may explain why the chiral-symmetry-restoration temperature is so close to the deconfining temperature.« less
Vitamin Status and Needs for People with Stages 3-5 Chronic Kidney Disease

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience a decline in their nutrient intake starting at early stages of CKD. This reduction in intake can affect both energy-producing nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, as well as vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. Knowledge of the burden and bioactivity of vitamins and their effect on the health of the patients with CKD is very incomplete. However, without sufficient data, the use of nutritional supplements to prevent inadequate intake may result in either excessive or insufficient intake of micronutrients for people with CKD. The purpose of this article is to briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding vitamin requirements for people with stages 3, 4, or 5 CKD who are not receiving dialysis.
Author's comment on the retraction of "Neuroradiological advances detect abnormal neuroanatomy underlying neuropsychological impairments: the power of PET imaging".

Dear Sir, It has come to my attention that an article published in this journal, entitled “Neuroradiological advances detect abnormal neuroanatomy underlying neuropsychological impairments: the power of PET imaging,” has been retracted owing to similarities to a previous publication in the literature [1,2]. I wish to emphasize that this communication totally reflected my views and concepts about the role of PET imaging in assessment of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, I was not aware that passages from another paper had been included without proper citation, nor did I have any reason to suspect that this had happened. Although I am confident that the science behind our work was sound, the improper use of other authors’ work–whether intentional or not–is not at all acceptable. It is unfortunate that the utility of this review article for the medical community has been compromised in such a way, but I give my full support to the Editor-in-Chief and stand behind his decision to retract the article owing to the close similarity of some passages to parts of a previous publication. Neglecting to confirm the originality of the text by using a plagiarism prevention service prior to publication was a regrettable oversight that I will not let happen again. The availability of plagiarism detection software or other means for authors to identify such unethical behavior in the future will substantially improve our ability to scrutinize contributions in advance of publication.
Case comparison and literature review of glioblastoma: A tale of two tumors

Background: Diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) includes a heterogeneous group of tumors. We describe two cases with histopathologically and molecularly similar tumors, but very different outcomes. We attempt to illustrate the need for improved prognostic markers for GBM. Case Description: Two patients with similar molecular profiles were retrospectively identified. The following markers were assessed: O 6 ‑methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) status, Ki‑67, p53, and 1p/19q status. Each patient was assigned a Karnofsky performance score at presentation. Case 1 (62‑year‑old male) was a right temporal lobe glioblastoma with a molecular profile of amplified EGFR, normal PTEN, no IDH1/2 mutation, 28.7% MGMT promoter methylation, 5‑20% Ki‑67, 1p deletion, and 19q intact. The patient underwent resection followed by radiation therapy and 2 years of chemotherapy, and was asymptomatic and tumor free 5 years post diagnosis. Tumor eventually recurred and the patient expired 72 months after initial diagnosis. Case 2 (63‑year‑old male) was a right frontal white matter mass consistent with glioblastoma with a molecular profile of amplified EGFR, absent PTEN, no IDH1/2 mutation, 9.9% MGMT promoter methylation, 5‑10% Ki‑67, and 1p/19q status inconclusive. A radical subtotal resection was performed; however, 2 weeks later symptoms had returned. Subsequent imaging revealed a tumor larger than at diagnosis. The patient expired 3 months after initial diagnosis. Conclusion: The need for formulating more robust means to classify GBM tumor subtypes is paramount. Standard histopathologic and molecular analyses are costly and did not provide either of these patients with a realistic appraisal of their prognosis. Individualized whole genome testing similar to that being reported for medulloblastoma and other tumors may be preferable to the array of tests as currently utilized.
Towards Smaller-Sized Cache for Mobile Processors Using Shared Set-Associativity

As multi-core trends are becoming dominant, cache structures are complicated and bigger shared level-2 caches are demanded. Also, in mobile processors, multi-core design is being applied. To achieve higher cache performance, lower power consumption and smaller chip area in multi-core mobile processors, cache configuration should be re-organized and re-analyzed. The MID (Mobile Internet Devices) which are embedding mobile processors are becoming one of major platforms and demanding to have a capability to run more general-purpose workload in new platforms (eg., Netbook). In this paper, we proposed a novel cache mechanism to provide performance improvement without increasing cache memory size. Most of applications (workloads) have spatial locality in cache behaviors which means small boundary of cache locations tend to be used in a given piece of time. Considering this concept of locality reversely, logically farthest sets will have relatively lower correlation in terms of locality. The possibility that these two sets are used in same basic block would be very low. With this observation, we investigate the feasibility of sharing two sets of cache blocks for data fill and replacement within a cache. By sharing the sets, certain amount of acceptable performance improvement could be expected without increasing cache size. Based on our simulation with sampled SPEC CPU2000 workloads, the proposed cache mechanism shows average reduction in cache miss rate up to 8.5% (depending on cache size and baseline set associativity), compared to the baseline cache.
Expert control of a slowly time-varying system using heuristic segmentation and pattern recognition techniques

A method of designing controllers is presented for a linear system whose parameters vary slowly over a wide range. The design of a single robust controller for such a system is always beset with the problem of high gains. To avoid this difficulty, the region of perturbation is divided into a number of segments and then a feedback controller is designed for each segment separately. An expert system that consists of an online system identifier and a rule-based switching scheme is utilized to control the system. >
Genome-wide investigation of light and carbon signaling interactions in Arabidopsis

Light and carbon are two essential signals influencing plant growth and development. Little is known about how carbon and light signaling pathways intersect or influence one another to affect gene expression. Microarrays are used to investigate carbon and light signaling interactions at a genome-wide level in Arabidopsis thaliana. A classification system, 'InterAct Class', is used to classify genes on the basis of their expression profiles. InterAct classes and the genes within them are placed into theoretical models describing interactions between carbon and light signaling. Within InterAct classes there are genes regulated by carbon (201 genes), light (77 genes) or through carbon and light interactions (1,247 genes). We determined whether genes involved in specific biological processes are over-represented in the population of genes regulated by carbon and/or light signaling. Of 29 primary functional categories identified by the Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences, five show over-representation of genes regulated by carbon and/or light. Metabolism has the highest representation of genes regulated by carbon and light interactions and includes the secondary functional categories of carbon-containing-compound/carbohydrate metabolism, amino-acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, fatty-acid metabolism and isoprenoid metabolism. Genes that share a similar InterAct class expression profile and are involved in the same biological process are used to identify putative cis elements possibly involved in responses to both carbon and light signals. The work presented here represents a method to organize and classify microarray datasets, enabling one to investigate signaling interactions and to identify putative cis elements in silico through the analysis of genes that share a similar expression profile and biological function.
PMaude: Rewrite-based Specification Language for Probabilistic Object Systems

We introduce a rewrite-based specification language for modelling probabilistic concurrent and distributed systems. The language, based on PMaude, has both a rigorous formal basis and the characteristics of a high-level rule-based programming language. Furthermore, we provide tool support for performing discrete-event simulations of models written in PMaude, and for statistically analyzing various quantitative aspects of such models based on the samples that are generated through discrete-event simulation. Because distributed and concurrent communication protocols can be modelled using actors (concurrent objects with asynchronous message passing), we provide an actor PMaude module. The module aids writing specifications in a probabilistic actor formalism. This allows us to easily write specifications that are purely probabilistic - and not just non-deterministic. The absence of such (un-quantified) non-determinism in a probabilistic system is necessary for a form of statistical analysis that we also discuss. Specifically, we introduce a query language called Quantitative Temporal Expressions (or QuaTEx in short), to query various quantitative aspects of a probabilistic model. We also describe a statistical technique to evaluate QuaTEx expressions for a probabilistic model.
Proton pump inhibitors and acute kidney injury: a nested case–control study

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are a widely-used class of drugs for the treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease and other acid-related disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. As a class, PPIs have demonstrated a favorable safety profile. However, case reports have suggested that this class of drugs may be linked to acute kidney injury, which may in turn lead to chronic injury or failure. The objective of this study was to determine if an association between PPIs and kidney failure exists and to estimate an effect size for the relationship between PPI use and renal disease. A nested case–control study was conducted in a privately insured population in a single Midwestern state including a total of 184,480 patients aged 18 years or older who were continuously enrolled with the insurer for at least 24 months between September 2002 and November 2005. Of the patients eligible for the study, 854 cases were identified as having at least two claims for an acute renal disease diagnosis. Cases were randomly matched with up to four controls (n = 3,289) based on age, gender, county of residence, and date of entry into the cohort. Patient demographic data, PPI use, illnesses, and medications associated with renal disease and a proxy for health status using pre-existing patient comorbidities were collected from inpatient, professional, and prescription claims data. Conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between renal disease and PPI use. Renal disease was positively associated with PPI use (odds ratio [OR] 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27, 2.32, p < 0.001) even after controlling for potential confounding conditions. After removing patients with potential confounding disease states from the study population, the number of cases (195 of the 854) and controls (607) was lower, but the relationship between renal disease and PPI use remained consistent (OR 2.25, CI 1.09-4.62, p < 0.001). Patients with a renal disease diagnosis were twice as likely to have used a previous prescription for a PPI. Therefore, it is necessary for physicians to increase recognition of patient complaints or clinical manifestations of this potentially harmful event in order to prevent further injury.
Investigation of Losses on a Highly Loaded Low Pressure Turbine Blade with Unsteady Wakes

Unsteady flow and its effects on the boundary layers of a low pressure turbine blade is complex in nature. The flow encountered in a low pressure turbine contains unstructured freestream turbulence as well as structured periodic perturbations caused by upstream vane row wake shedding. Researchers have shown that these conditions strongly influence turbine blade performance and boundary layer separation, especially at low Reynolds numbers. In order to simulate these realistic engine conditions and to study the effects of periodic unsteadiness, a moving bar wake generator has been designed and characterized for use in the Air Force Research Labs (AFRL) low speed wind tunnel. The layout is similar to other traditional squirrel cage designs, however, the entire wake generator, with the exception of the motor, is enclosed inside the wind tunnel up-stream of a linear cascade. A unique aspect of the wake generator design is the inclusion of a delay loop in the wake generator track. The delay loop avoids backwards running secondary wakes that are caused by the wake generating mechanism making a reverse traverse across the wind tunnel during each cycle. The effect of the periodic disturbances on turbine blade performance has been investigated at low Reynolds numbers (Re < 5 x 10) using the highly loaded, AFRL designed L1A low pressure turbine profile. The momentum deficit along with wake width and peak velocity deficit were used to quantify the wakes shed from the wake generating device. These properties along with the integrated wake total pressure loss were then used to quantify the profile loss of the L1A in the presence of unsteady wakes.
Metastatic ovarian sertoli-cell tumor: FNA findings with immunohistochemistry

A malignant Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary is a rare sex-cord stromal derived neoplasm. Sertoli cell tumors account for approximately 4% of Sertoli-stromal cell tumors (Hsu et al., J Histochem Cytochem 1981;29:577-580). The diagnosis of this entity by fine-needle aspiration and needle core biopsy can be difficult when the differential also includes a metastatic renal cell carcinoma, due to the overlap of both cytological and histological features. Here, we show that immunohistochemical staining on cytological material including alpha-inhibin can be used to differentiate between these two malignant tumors.
Initial value representation for the classical propagator and S-matrix with the help of coherent states

Abstract This Letter demonstrates how coherent states can be used to construct an initial value representation for the propagator and classical S -matrix. Advantage is taken of the fact that the coherent state `coordinate' describes trajectories in phase space, resulting in an unusual structure for the propagator. The method, which avoids the usual stability analysis, is successfully applied to nonreactive atom–diatom scattering.
Lipoprotein heterogeneity: diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

L ipoprotein heterogeneity is now well recognized as an important factor that reflects differences in lipoprotein composition, size, and metabolism as well as dietary and genetic influences.1–8 An important question is whether an accurate and reproducible assessment of lipoprotein heterogeneity in plasma provides additional predictive and therapeutic information concerning coronary artery disease (CAD) over that provided by traditional measurement of plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. This supplement considers this question through a series of articles that review the literature and, in some instances, contain new and pertinent data. For example, the apolipoprotein (apo) B–containing lipoproteins promote atherogenesis, and there is considerable evidence that a subclass of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), namely, small, dense LDL—particularly when accompanied by an elevated level of apo B—is superior to LDL cholesterol as a predictor of CAD, and as a guide to adequacy of LDL-lowering therapy. Small, dense LDL is often present in patients with the highly prevalent metabolic syndrome, which is often accompanied by higher triglyceride levels, lower highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, subclinical inflammation, and procoagulant factors. The apo A-I–containing lipoproteins exert an antiatherogenic effect, and the lower levels of the larger HDL subclasses in patients with the metabolic syndrome reflect a fundamental metabolic abnormality of overproduction of the large subclass of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). The theme of the supplement is the clinical relevance of the biochemical, metabolic, and genetic factors that influence lipoprotein heterogeneity. The purpose of this first article is to introduce lipoprotein heterogeneity and to provide an integrated overview of the supplement.
Analysis of the paired-tracer method of determining cell uptake

The paired-tracer method has been used extensively for determining cell uptake of numerous substances, although the method of calculating uptake has no published theoretical support. We have invest...
Sabbatai Sevi in England

Several years ago Gershom Scholem's authoritative work on the seventeenth century messianic figure Sabbatai Sevi, first published in Hebrew in 1957, appeared in a revised English translation. The importance of Scholem's work for an informed understanding of the Sabbatian movement and for the general study of religious and political movements must be acknowledged by all readers. The relevance of Sabbatai's career in the Levant to the specific historical context of post-Restoration England may be less evident. If the English involvement with Sabbatai is compared with the excitement generated in other European countries by his appearance, the English connection cannot fail to appear questionable. The Jewish community in London was a relatively small one at the time of Sabbatai's ascendancy, and the mass of contemporary material on which Scholem has drawn to document this extraordinary episode in Jewish history includes little that was produced for or by “English Jews.” Moreover, Scholem takes pains to discredit the common notion that English Christian speculations on the year 1666 played a direct, causal role in determining Sabbatai's public emergence in the summer of the preceding year, without denying the historical interest of this conjunction of Christian expectations and Jewish developments. In the following discussion, I hope to establish the major significance of Sabbatai Sevi for England by examining several questions—limited in comparison with those entertained by Sabbatai's most profound and exhaustive historian—concerning the English awareness of him 300 years ago. How and in what form did the unparalleled developments in the Levant from 1665 to 1667 first become known to English-speaking people? What contribution was made by the Sabbatian movement to Christian eschatology and to the expectations aroused among its devotees by the approach of the “wonderful year” 1666? What was the range of response to the movement among English observers; what was its ideological or sectarian meaning to contemporaries? In confronting these questions I will, of course, rely heavily on Scholem's analysis and documentation of Sabbatai's career.
Perioperative Management of Acquired Hemophilia A: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Introduction Acquired hemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder with a high mortality rate. Diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can be very challenging to anesthesiologists because of lack of a personal or familial abnormal bleeding history. Case presentation We report a 60-year-old woman who presented to the operating room for an urgent fasciotomy. She was initially diagnosed to have compartment syndrome of her left upper extremity secondary to an expanding hematoma after multiple unsuccessful venipuncture attempts. After surgical intervention, she developed recurrent intramuscular hematomas, became severely anemic, and required surgical re-exploration and multiple blood product transfusions. Ultimately, she was found to have an elevated activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), very low FVIII activity, and high FVIII inhibitor titers consistent with the diagnosis of acquired hemophilia A. Conclusions Treatment strategies in acquired hemophilia are based on two major objectives. During the acute stage, effective control of bleeding is critical. The ultimate therapeutic goal during the subacute phase is the elimination of the inhibitors targeting factor VIII. Here, we present this case and will review current literature regarding therapeutic approaches to this rare condition in the operating room setting and postoperative course.
Interworking between WLANs and third-generation cellular data networks

In this paper we discuss the motivation for integrating wireless local area networks (WLANs) with third-generation (3G) cellular networks, and we briefly describe two key architectural approaches for such integration. In addition, we introduce a specific approach for tightly coupling a WLAN with GPRS networks and we describe is main characteristics, such as the protocol architecture and the key functional procedures.
Radiometric age of the Chickaloon Formation of south-central Alaska: Location of the Paleocene-Eocene boundary

K-Ar and fission-track ages from two volcanic ash partings in upper Chickaloon Formation coals range from 53.3 ± 1.5 m.y. to 55.8 ± 1.7 m.y. These ages establish that the Paleocene-Eocene boundary (55 m.y.) occurs within the dated upper part of this formation.
Toward an Agenda for Business Ethics Research

This article focuses on developing an agenda for business ethics research. Thirty-two researchers were enlisted to review the conduct of the field, and four underlying images that guide their work are outlined. Research questions are articulated to translate those images into concrete behaviors for both practitioners and researchers in the ethics field.
Curve-Based Shape Modeling a Tutorial

This tutorial provides a starting point for curve-based modeling. It introduces three rough categories of curve-based-modeling methods: extruding 2D shapes, inflating 2D shapes, and drawing 3D curves. This tutorial introduces representative methods that yield positive results while also exposing several issues related to curve-based modeling.
Computational Study of Rh-Catalyzed Carboacylation of Olefins: Ligand-Promoted Rhodacycle Isomerization Enables Regioselective C-C Bond Functionalization of Benzocyclobutenones.

The mechanism, reactivity, regio- and enantioselectivity of the Rh-catalyzed carboacylation of benzocyclobutenones are investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculations indicate that the selective activation of the relatively unreactive C1–C2 bond in benzocyclobutenone is achieved via initial C1–C8 bond oxidative addition, followed by rhodacycle isomerization via decarbonylation and CO insertion. Analysis of different ligand steric parameters, ligand steric contour maps, and the computed activation barriers revealed the origin of the positive correlation between ligand bite angle and reactivity. The increase of reactivity with bulkier ligands is attributed to the release of ligand–substrate repulsions in the P–Rh–P plane during the rate-determining CO insertion step. The enantioselectivity in reactions with the (R)-SEGPHOS ligand is controlled by the steric repulsion between the C8 methylene group in the substrate and the equatorial phenyl group on the chiral ligand in the ...
A New Species of Pteronyssus from Woodpeckers in Texas (Acarina: Analgesoidea: Pterolichidae)

Pteronyssus centurus is described from the golden-fronted woodpecker, Centurus aurifrons , and the ladder-backed woodpecker, Dendrocopos scalaris . It is closely related to P. glossifer Gaud but has a differently shaped propodosomal shield in both sexes, and the hysterosomal plate of the female is composed of two sections rather than three as in P. glossifer . The three lots of material on which the description is based were collected in Kleberg and Hidalgo Counties in South Texas, and in Palo Pinto County in the north-central part of the State.
An analysis of factors that influence personal exposure to nitrogen oxides in residents of Richmond, Virginia

An analysis of factors that influence personal exposure to nitrogen oxides in residents of Richmond, Virginia
Reaction of CO, CH2O, CH3OH on Zn-Modified Pt(111) Surfaces

In order to provide insight into how alloying Pt with Zn affects its reactivity for the steam reforming of methanol (SRM), the adsorption and reaction of CO, CH2O, and CH3OH on Zn-modified Pt(111) surfaces was investigated using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The reactivity of PtZn near surface alloys were found to be similar to that of Pt(111) and have relatively low activity for methanol decomposition. In contrast, on Zn-modified Pt(111) surfaces where the Zn was present only as adatoms, methanol adsorbs dissociatively to form methoxide groups bound to both Pt and Zn sites. The Pt-bound methoxides are stable up to ∼450 K at which point they undergo dehydrogenation to produce H2 and CO, while those adsorbed on Zn sites undergo partial dehydrogenation at 300 K to produce formaldehyde which desorbs intact. These differences in the reactivity of the two types of surfaces studied...
Driving Tyranny Home: A Narrative Consideration of Pavelensky's Fixation

In this rhetorical analysis, the 2013 performance piece Fixation by conceptualist artist Petr Pavlensky is considered in light of dramatist and narrative criticism. In addition to advancing a theme regarding governmental power, the piece is shown to reflect Burkean concepts, including the representative anecdote, the pentad, and tragic heroism. The impact of Fixation on various types of observers is also considered.
Constitutive Modeling under High Temperature and High Strain Rate Loading Conditions

The objective of the present work was to develop a temperaturedependent high strain-rate constitutive model for C1008 steel. We obtained data at room and elevated temperatures from tensile one-dimensional stress loading with a split Hopkinson bar (SHB), and for one-dimensional strain loading with plate-impact experiments. The state variable based visco-plastic constitutive model developed by Bodner-Partom [l] (B-P model) was selected for describing the material behavior. Since the model is formulated for three-dimensional stresses and strains, material response to a broad range of load histories can be calculated. The B-P model parameters were evaluated from the test data. The evaluation technique included a computational approach.
Python in CS1: why change now?

Python saw a noticeable amount adoption for introductory programming courses in the early 2000's. The primary reasons given were: the simple syntax[6][2], which means that simple programs stay simple, free tools, and the interactivity provided by a language that is typically implemented with an interpreter. It is claimed that together these features make it less frustrating for beginners to accomplish programming tasks, providing for better retention in the critical first semesters, and encouraging non-majors to consider CS. Since then Python has started to become a sort of new lingua franca, being used in books that are not about Python directly, due to its compactness and understandability. It is being used a substitute for pseudo code and can even be seen as an executable pseudo code.
Computational methods to design cyclic peptides.

Cyclic peptides (CPs) are promising modulators of protein–protein interactions (PPIs), but their application remains challenging. It is currently difficult to predict the structures and bioavailability of CPs. The ability to design CPs using computer modeling would greatly facilitate the development of CPs as potent PPI modulators for fundamental studies and as potential therapeutics. Herein, we describe computational methods to generate CP libraries for virtual screening, as well as current efforts to accurately predict the conformations adopted by CPs. These advances are making it possible to envision robust computational design of active CPs. However, unique properties of CPs pose significant challenges associated with sampling CP conformational space and accurately describing CP energetics. These major obstacles to structure prediction likely must be solved before robust design of active CPs can be reliably achieved.
Cultural Terms for Communication Events among Some American High School Adolescents.

Through ethnographic interviewing, participant observation, and cluster analysis of perceptual judgment data, this study examines the natural language descriptions employed by some American high school adolescents in talking about the kinds of communication events they experience in everyday life and the underlying semantic dimensions by which these adolescents perceptually organize this domain. Adolescents described communication events through use of setting, participant, speech act, and purpose marker terms. Nine basic clusters of communication events were differentiated along five underlying semantic dimensions.
What's in the Words? Development and Validation of a Multidimensional Dictionary for CSR and Application Using Prospectuses

ABSTRACT: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and initial public offerings (IPOs) are important aspects of research across multiple academic disciplines, primarily accounting, finance, and management. This research paper seeks to link streams of research through the development of a content analytic dictionary using computer-aided text analysis (CATA).The dictionary, validated in the context of U.S. IPOs between 2011 and 2013, revealed four dimensions of corporate social responsibility. Each of these dimensions is used to predict IPO size in terms of offering price and total shares offered, as well as underpricing on the first day of trade. This research provides a new measure of CSR that can be generalized to other text documents issued by a corporation. Researchers may find this tool useful as we continue to advance our understanding of the explicit and implicit meanings embodied in the CSR disclosures made by corporations.
Variation in Birth and Weight Traits of identical Calves Produced Through Nuclear Transplantation1

The identical genetic makeup within groups of beef cattle produced through nuclear transplantation (NT) should reduce the number of animals required for statistically powerful research trials, assuming a lack of variability within genotypes. With this in mind, five groups of male, Brangus, second-generation NT pregnancies (seven to eight per group) being gestated in Holstein recipient females were obtained from Granada Biosciences (Wheelock, TX). Calving occurred from December 1991 to April 1992, and resulted in 24 live calves from 39 pregnancies. All animals were DNA fingerprinted to verify genotype within clone groups using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of genomic DNA. At birth, all calves were measured for head circumference (HC), shoulder width (SW), heart girth (HG), metacarpal circumference (MC), body length (BL), and birth weight (BW). All linear measures were positively correlated (P < 0.01) to BW, and accounted for 84.5% of the variability observed in BW. Adjusted 205-d weaning weight (AWW) and adjusted 365-d yearling weight (AYW) were used to assess changes in variability within and among groups over time. Weight variability decreased 60% on average within genotypes as the animals matured. In one genotype, low variability (CV = 6.3%) at birth with little change over time was observed. This uniformity may have been attributable to the surrogate dams being on a higher nutritional plane than earlier calving groups. These data indicate a reduction in observed weight trait variability within NT calves over time.
CSF and CNS Cytology

The cytological examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cytological specimens prepared from central nervous system (CNS) lesions plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of CNS disorders, including tumors. The proper evaluation of CNS tumors typically includes a cytological touch preparation or squash preparation, used in conjunction with a frozen section during an intraoperative consult. Considering the potential wealth of information obtained, these cytological examinations constitute relatively simple and inexpensive investments in time and resources. Prompt evaluation and accurate interpretations are essential as patients can be acutely ill with infectious, neoplastic, or other disorders. The goal of this chapter is to provide a practical and illustrated approach to the interpretation of CSF and CNS cytology specimens. The first part of the chapter includes guidelines for the processing and examination of CSF and detailed descriptions of the microscopic findings, while the second part focuses on the practical aspects of brain tumor smear cytology. Smears of brain tumor tissue highlight important cytological features, such as nuclear detail and the presence of fibrillary extensions, that are critical to recognize when formulating a diagnosis and may be under recognized on frozen section; thus, as illustrated in this chapter, cytological smears are a valuable complement to frozen sections during intraoperative consultations.
State Power: Technology Versus Technology

This chapter explores the expansion of the state’s power with the advent of higher states of technology, and how this power is being used to control citizens. The argument of having to choose between civil liberties and safety typically empowers the state, but the same tools that undermine civil liberties can also be employed against the state to make it more accountable. Most state intrusions have become pervasive because of the nature of recent technological innovations, which enable the collection, storage, and use of a humongous range of data with relative ease and cost. Instead of making the state more accountable and transparent, these advanced techniques of discipline and control have curtailed much of the freedom and autonomy of citizens.
The internet of trash [Internet of Everything]

IN 2016, MASAYOSHI SON, the CEO of SoftBank Group Corp., predicted that in the next 20 years there will be a trillion connected devices in the world and orbiting the planet. This spurred his investment in Arm Holdings, the chip-design company, which is profiting from increased demand for battery-sipping chips meant for low-compute jobs. Arm's microcontrollers are now inside rings, watches, and sensors on industrial equipment.
Spectroscopy of Proton Coordination with Ethylenediamine.

Protonated ethylenediamine monomer, dimer, and trimer were produced in the gas phase by an electrical discharge/supersonic expansion of argon seeded with ethylenediamine (C2H8N2, en) vapor. Infrare...
The Cellular Basis for Prostate Cancer Metastasis

It has been known for over 100 years that tumors originating in different locations metastasize to different sites. Examples include the metastasis of clear cell carcinoma of the kidney to the thyroid; small cell carcinoma of the lung to brain, cutaneous melanoma to skin, liver, brain and bowel, and ocular melanoma from the eye specifically to the liver. Many other examples are known, yet the mechanism behind site-specific tumor metastasis has been under dispute for many decades. Paget’s theory, originally formulated in 1888, [1] maintained that tumors colonized particular organs because they grew there preferentially. In a lasting analogy, he compared the tumor to a seed and the organs to the soil. He maintained that tumors would preferentially colonize only those organs that had congenial soil, a theory now know as the “seed and soil” hypothesis of tumor metastasis. In contrast, the surgeon Ewing argued that tumors merely followed the vascular circulation and colonized the first organ that they encountered downstream from the primary tumor [2]. Since many tumors shed into the venous circulation, the first organ downstream would be the lung, and Ewing maintained that this would explain the preference of many metastatic tumors for the lung. With hindsight, we now know that both Paget and Ewing were partially correct.
Reminiscences in Eight Parts

Rick Ansorge, Gazette Telegraph, Thursday, April 22, 1993: Math problems that make most people’s eyes glaze over bring a sparkle to the eyes of Alexander Soifer. Soifer – a math prodigy, Soviet 'emigr'e and professor at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs – is the driving force behind the Colorado Mathematical Olympiad. The 10th–annual event, which begins at 8:15 a.m. Friday in UCCS’s Science Hall, will pit the minds of up to 1,100 junior and senior high school students against five mad– deningly difficult problems devised by Soifer during spring break.
Is cardiac arrest an inflammatory state? Adding steroid into ACLS guidelines will save more lives?

Cardiac arrest is a life-threatening condition with low survival rate. Over the years ACLS guidelines have been developed to reduce cardiac arrest specific mortality rate. In this review article, the authors researched steroid use during and after CPR for determining its effect on survival rate and post cardiac arrest disabilities. Scholarly articles from well-known reputed journals relevant to both cardiac arrest and steroid use since 1960 have been reviewed. This article first examines the question whether cardiac arrest can be considered an inflammatory state. Afterwards, evidence of the beneficial role of steroid use in cardiac arrest and in other cardiac conditions have been outlined. In conclusion, this review paper summarizes any benefits of steroid use in cardiac arrest. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2018; 6(2): 92-94
Immunophenotypic Comparison of Neoplasms of the Appendix, Right Colon, and Left Colon in Search of a Site-Specific Phenotypic Signature:

Aims. The proximal colon derives from the midgut endoderm, the distal one third derives from the hindgut endoderm, and the distal anal canal is of ectodermal origin. At least 5 molecular subtypes of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) have been identified, and some have a marked preferential right-sided location. Histologically, some CRC are much more common in the appendix. We hypothesized that these findings suggest the existence of diverse molecular genetic colonic subregions and compared the expression of classic and recently discovered colorectal markers in tumors at various locations to determine if a site-specific immunophenotypic signature could be identified. Methods and Results. Immunostains for CK7, CK20, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, SATB2, DCR3/TNF6B, CDX2, Ki-67, and MMR proteins were performed on 17 appendiceal low-grade mucinous neoplasms and 6 crypt cell adenocarcinomas of the appendix, 15 right-sided and 15 left-sided mucinous adenocarcinomas, 17 right-sided and 15 left-sided conventional adenocarcinomas, and 5 signet ring cell adenocarcinomas (SRCCA). Statistically significant differences in the expression of MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CK7, and SATB2 by site and/or histologic type were documented. MMR deficiency showed a significant correlation with MUC5AC and MUC6 expression. DCR3, CDX2, and CK20 expression was consistent throughout the colon. A CK7+/CK20+ phenotype was most common in appendiceal tumors and SRCCA. Conclusions. Statistically significant differences in the expression of some markers by histologic type and site were documented, supporting the existence of regional molecular genetic heterogeneity in the colon that result in site-specific epigenetic susceptibilities, tumor phenotypes, and immunophenotypes.
PL02.1 Identification and management of complicated syphilis

While the course of syphilis can be complicated by involvement of virtually all organ systems, arguably the most difficult forms of complicated syphilis to identify and manage are those that involve the nervous system. In the pre-antibiotic era, all patients with syphilis, regardless of symptoms, underwent a lumbar puncture (LP), and those with cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities received augmented therapy in an effort to prevent subsequent symptomatic neurosyphilis. When penicillin became available, this practice seemed unnecessary. Subsequent reports of symptomatic neurosyphilis after appropriate treatment for early syphilis in persons living with HIV revived LP in neurologically asymptomatic individuals. However, its benefit in terms of morbidity averted is unknown, and recommendations have varied despite lack of data. In this presentation, complicated syphilis is defined as neurosyphilis, ocular syphilis, or otosyphilis. Topics to be discussed include epidemiology, host and bacterial risk factors, screening, the role of LP in management, and treatment. Disclosure No significant relationships.
973. Single-cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of Zika Virus Infection in Human Stem Cell-Derived Cerebral Organoids

Background The molecular mechanisms underpinning the neurologic and congenital pathologies caused by Zika virus (ZIKV) infection remain poorly understood. One barrier has been the lack of relevant model systems for the developing human brain; however, thanks to advances in the stem cell field, we can now evaluate ZIKV central nervous system infections in human stem cell-derived cerebral organoids which recapitulate complex 3-dimensional neural architecture.
To degeneracy and back

Experiments carried out at the National Ignition Facility show that the degree of degeneracy can be varied for an electron plasma. Partially degenerate electron plasmas make up most of the interiors of low mass stars, brown dwarfs and giant planets.
Approach to a Patient with Sudden Onset of Mucocutaneous Bleeding and Thrombocytopenia

Acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common acquired bleeding disorder with peak presentation in the preschool age group. ITP is characterized by sudden onset of mucocutaneous bleeding and platelet count <100,000/mm3 without an alternative etiology. The thrombocytopenia culminates from autoantibody production, increased platelet removal, and, at times, reduced platelet production. Typical management may include careful observation and/or immune modulation to increase platelet survival. As up to 80% of patients will have normalization of platelet counts within 6 months, acute ITP is generally considered a benign childhood disorder.
Asteroid rotation. IV

The results from the year 1979 of an ongoing program of asteroid photometry at Table Mountain Observatory are presented. The results for 53 asteroids are summarized in a table, showing the number, name, opposition date, taxonomic class, diameter, absolute magnitude, mean absolute magnitude at zero phase angle and values of the absolute magnitude and linear phase coefficient derived from it, the rotation period in hours, peak-to-peak amplitude of variation, difference between mean and maximum brightness, and reliability index. Another table presents data on aspect and comparison stars, including brightness and distance data. Reliable rotation periods are reported for 22 asteroids for which no previous values are known. For seven asteroids, periods are reported which are revisions of previously reported values.
The Job Market in the Academy

At a recent workshop during the 2019 meeting of the AAR in San Diego, California, Dr. Russell McCutcheon offered valuable advice to graduate students seeking employment after graduation. As the job market, particularly the academic job market, tightens, it has become increasingly difficult for any to find a job in the specialty their dissertation prepared them for. The solution McCutcheon suggested is rooted from his experience with the field itself: reinvention. His workshop on writing CVs illustrated the need in this changing market for graduate students to be able to describe the skills they have obtained in a way that makes their interests applicable to a wide range of jobs in the field rather than limiting themselves to a niche specialty that may limit potential jobs.
Way to Go! Effects of Motivational Support and Agents on Reducing Foreign Language Anxiety.

Using a tutoring system for English as a foreign language, we studied the impact on students’ anxiety levels of an animated agent that provides motivational, supportive feedback. We compared two types of feedback — explanatory and motivational supportive feedback — presented in three ways: by text, by voice, or by a character agent. Results showed that using an agent that gives motivational, supportive feedback decreases the learners’ anxiety levels overall. We also found that performance and gender interact with the effectiveness of the treatment for reducing foreign language anxiety (FLA). Our findings have implications for promoting equity and determining how best to improve positive emotions and reduce anxiety for all students.
Hydrogel nanoparticle degradation influences the activation and survival of primary macrophages

The effect of nanoparticle (NP) internalization on cell fate has emerged as an important consideration for nanomedicine design, as macrophages and other phagocytes are the primary clearance mechanisms of administered NP formulations. Pro-survival signaling is thought to be concurrent with phagocytosis and recent work has shown increased macrophage survival following lysosomal processing of internalized NPs. These observations have opened the door to explorations of NP physiochemical properties aimed at tuning the NP-driven macrophage survival at the lysosomal synapse. Here, we report that NP-induced macrophage survival and activation is strongly dependent on NP degradation rate using a series of thiol-containing poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-based NPs of equivalent size and zeta potential. Rapidly degrading, high thiol-containing NPs allowed for dramatic enhancement of cell longevity that was concurrent with macrophage stimulation after 2 weeks in ex vivo culture. While equivalent NP internalization resulted in suppressed caspase activity across the NP series, macrophage activation was correlated with increasing thiol content, leading to increased lysosomal activity and a robust pro-survival phenotype. Our results provide insight on tuning NP physiochemical properties as design handles for maximizing ex vivo macrophage longevity, which has implications for improving macrophage-based immune assays, biomanufacturing, and cell therapies.