cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1930: Trends of invasive and in-situ melanoma diagnosis in the U.S

Melanoma, accounts for about 4% of skin cancer cases, but is associated with 79% of skin cancer deaths. The number of new cases of melanoma in the US is rising dramatically. The incidence of in-situ melanoma is increasing at a more rapid rate than for melanoma overall. This may be due to better awareness, improved screening techniques and access to dermatologists that result in early diagnosis of melanoma. There is also concern that over the last few years, pathologists have had a lower threshold to diagnose in-situ melanoma due to medico-legal reasons. However, the lesions that are being called in-situ melanoma are most certainly severely dysplastic (atypical) nevi that are considered melanoma precursor lesions. The distinction is important to make an accurate diagnosis when providing medical care to a patient. We investigated the trend of diagnosis and melanoma invasive versus in situ in three national prospective cohorts of women and men: Nurses’ Health Study I (1976-2008, age at enrollment 30-55), Nurses’ Health Study II (1989-2007, age at enrollment 25-42), and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2008, age at enrollment 40-75). We accrued 940 invasive and 424 in situ cases in NHS I, 447 invasive and 326 in situ cases in NHS II, and 310 invasive and 153 in situ cases in HPFS. In each cycle of 2-year follow-up, the incidence rate of melanoma steadily increased, and the increased incidence rate of in-situ melanoma was substantially greater than invasive melanoma. These trends were similar in all three cohorts. The ratio of invasive and in-situ melanoma in each cycle 2-year follow-up decreased more than 5 folds over the follow-up period in the NHS I and II. The decrease was not apparent in HPFS. In this study, we found that in-situ melanoma incidence has continued to rise in the US in the last few decades, especially among women where the rate of in-situ melanoma increased more sharply compared to invasive melanoma incidence. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1930. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1930
Paired-associate learning as a function of the number of pre-experimental associative links

Each of the four groups of Ss learned a five pair P-A list. Lists varied in number of word association links between S-R items. Ease of learning was found to relate directly to the degree of associative linkage present in each list.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Osteoporosis

All patients with significant primary osteoporosis should be placed in a basic program of treatment to which an active therapeutic agent may or may not be added. It is important to estimate the activity of the disease because a different therapeutic approach is used when the compensated or semicompensated stage is reached.
Effect evaluation of individual health education on self management ability of community patients with chronic diseases

Objective To explore the effects of individual health education on community patients with chronic disease related knowledge,belief and self management ability.Methods Three hundred and ninety-seven hypertension or(and)diabetes mellitus patients who had chronic disease management files in communities were assigned into intervention group and control group.The control group carried out health education in general and regular follow-up management while the intervention group took lectures and self management of health education and behavior intervention.Changes in knowledge,belief,practice and blood pressure,blood glucose control rate after one year were observed and compared between two groups.Results The intervention group received one year of individual health education and achieved statistically higher knowledge rate in normal BMI values,the recommended intake of salt,hypertension,risk factors,damage and risk factors of diabetes and complications than the control group(P0.05).The increase of the intervention group in self-efficacy to adhere to the diet was significantly different from compared with control group(P0.01).Behavior forming rate in diet control,exercise,self detection of blood pressure increased significantly in the intervention group,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the control group(P0.05).Blood pressure control rate and blood sugar control rate in the intervention group were 85.9%,85.5%,respectively,significantly higher than the control group(56.4%,68.4%)(P0.05).Systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,blood glucose values of the intervention group were statistically lower than those of the control group(P0.01).Conclusions Individual health education and intervention is of great significance to improve the knowledge,self management ability and awareness rate,blood pressure,blood glucose control rate of community patients with chronic diseases.
A kind of nonlinear systems and its reduction and structural control

In practical situations we often encounter such kind of systems which possess similar structure. In accordance with the special structure of such kind of systems, we use modern differential geometric approach in this paper to analyze the properties possessed by similar structure. Based on the special structural properties, a new way of system reduction is given in this paper. In addition, a relative structural control is also proposed.
Health Literacy: What Do You Need to Do?

What can physicians do to address limited health literacy and be sure that patients understand health information? The answer is twofold: practicewide changes and individual communication changes.
Some new techniques for evaluating Sommerfeld integrals for microstrip antenna analysis

A new transformation for evaluating Sommerfeld integrals is derived here when the path is deformed in the upper half of the complex plane. This transformation has the feature that as the lateral separation ρ → ∞, the argument of the Bessel function diminishes. It is argued that this approach shall facilitate much efficient calculation of Sommerfeld integrals.
Verifiable Functional Encryption

In light of security challenges that have emerged in a world with complex networks and cloud computing, the notion of functional encryption has recently emerged. In this work, we show that in several applications of functional encryption even those cited in the earliest works on functional encryption, the formal notion of functional encryption is actually not sufficient to guarantee security. This is essentially because the case of a malicious authority and/or encryptor is not considered. To address this concern, we put forth the concept of verifiable functional encryption, which captures the basic requirement of output correctness: even if the ciphertext is maliciously generated and even if the setup and key generation is malicious, the decryptor is still guaranteed a meaningful notion of correctness which we show is crucial in several applications. We formalize the notion of verifiable function encryption and, following prior work in the area, put forth a simulation-based and an indistinguishability-based notion of security. We show that simulation-based verifiable functional encryption is unconditionally impossible even in the most basic setting where there may only be a single key and a single ciphertext. We then give general positive results for the indistinguishability setting: a general compiler from any functional encryption scheme into a verifiable functional encryption scheme with the only additional assumption being the Decision Linear Assumption over Bilinear Groups DLIN. We also give a generic compiler in the secret-key setting for functional encryption which maintains both message privacy and function privacy. Our positive results are general and also apply to other simpler settings such as Identity-Based Encryption, Attribute-Based Encryption and Predicate Encryption. We also give an application of verifiable functional encryption to the recently introduced primitive of functional commitments. Finally, in the context of indistinguishability obfuscation, there is a fundamental question of whether the correct program was obfuscated. In particular, the recipient of the obfuscated program needs a guarantee that the program indeed does what it was intended to do. This question turns out to be closely related to verifiable functional encryption. We initiate the study of verifiable obfuscation with a formal definition and construction of verifiable indistinguishability obfuscation.
Thinking Rhizomatically in an Era of Neoliberalism

During his instructional unit on evolution, Mauro, a first year science teacher, had an exciting idea for introducing his lesson on natural selection to his ninth grade environmental science class. He went to Costco and bought a tub filled with approximately 80 pieces of a wide variety of well known candies: miniature bags of M&Ms and Skittles, Tootsie Rolls, Laffy Taffy, Smarties, Twizzlers, snack-size Snickers and Almond Joy bars, and flavored lollipops.
The cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol stimulates cell proliferation via ERβ in prostate cancer cells

For every six men, one will be diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) in their lifetime. Estrogen receptors (ERs) are known to play a role in prostate carcinogenesis. However, it is unclear whether the estrogenic effects are mediated by estrogen receptor α (ERα) or estrogen receptor β (ERβ). Although it is speculated that ERα is associated with harmful effects on PCa, the role of ERβ in PCa is still ill-defined. The cholesterol oxidized metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) has been found to bind to ERs and act as a selective ER modulator (SERM). Increased 27-OHC levels are found in individuals with hypercholesterolemia, a condition that is suggested to be a risk factor for PCa. In the present study, we determined the extent to which 27-OHC causes deleterious effects in the non-tumorigenic RWPE-1, the low tumorigenic LNCaP, and the highly tumorigenic PC3 prostate cancer cells. We conducted cell metabolic activity and proliferation assays using MTS and CyQUANT dyes, protein expression analyses via immunoblots and gene expression analyses via RT-PCR. Additionally, immunocytochemistry and invasion assays were performed to analyze intracellular protein distribution and quantify transepithelial cell motility. We found that incubation of LNCaP and PC3 cells with 27-OHC significantly increased cell proliferation. We also demonstrate that the ER inhibitor ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant) significantly reduced 27-OH-induced cell proliferation, indicating the involvement of ERs in proliferation. Interestingly, ERβ levels, and to a lesser extent ERα, were significantly increased following incubation of PCa cells with 27-OHC. Furthermore, in the presence of the ERβ specific inhibitor, PHTPP, 27-OHC-induced proliferation is attenuated. Altogether, our results show for the first time that 27-OHC, through ER activation, triggers deleterious effect in prostate cancer cell lines. We propose that dysregulated levels of 27-OHC may trigger or exacerbate prostate cancer via acting on ERβ.
Association Between Indulgent Descriptions and Vegetable Consumption: Twisted Carrots and Dynamite Beets

This observational study examines the association of labeling vegetables with indulgent descriptions and overall vegetable consumption compared with labeling vegetables with basic or health-focused labels.
Creative Analogy As a Means of Articulating Incongruent Sponsorships

Sponsorship congruence refers to the extent to which associations held for a property are perceived as sharing content and meaning with those held for a brand. Congruence has been shown to enhance ...
SOCIAL VIOLENCE AND WAR

Social violence and warfare have been forms of human interaction and behavior throughout recorded history, as well as within the deeper recesses of our ancient past. Researchers have combined evidence from ethnographic studies, historical accounts, and archaeological remains to document and describe manifestations of social violence in a range of temporal and geographical settings. While some research studies demonstrate universal patterns of violence and warfare, others show a diversity of cultural variations pertaining to warfare tactics and equipment, motivations for violence, and warrior prestige. Within archaeology, it is important to note distinctions between homicide and warfare, and to recognize the various lines of evidence that can aid in the reconstruction of past manifestations of social violence.
Subjectivity and temporality in literary narratives about sports

This article explores the concept of embodied subjectivity in literary narratives about sport. While embodied subjectivity has been central to the methodology of sociologists of sport in recent years, it is also manifested in complex and fascinating ways in a special kind of literary sports narrative. Using narrative strategies developed by novelists in the early twentieth century, the authors discussed here aim to do more than simply describe sporting experience. They recount the deep physical, emotional, and psychic transformation of the self through athletic training and competition. They represent the sporting self as a construct layered over time through inclination, repetition, and habit. They characterize competition as a felt, embodied, and even sometimes disembodied experience. The lived experience of sport cannot be captured in simple narratives. The literariness of these narratives enables their authors to portray convincingly that lived experience.
Novel Treatment for Anastomotic Leak After Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy

Intrathoracic anastomotic leaks after esophagogastrostomy occur frequently, often resulting in prolonged hospitalization and delays in advancing oral nutrition and hydration. Management of anastomotic esophageal leaks vary based on time of occurrence to time of intervention, condition of the patient, and location. Conservative approaches such as endovascular clips and endovascular stents have gained momentum in addressing esophageal leaks and fistulas, replacing the original paradigm of surgical approach as initial management. More recently, the use of intraluminal and intracavitary endoscopic vacuum-assisted therapy has been used to treat esophageal leaks successfully. We present a novel treatment method for anastomotic leaks using a modified percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube.
A Synthetic Iterative Pathway for Ketoacid Elongation

Abstract Iterative formation of nonpolymeric carbon–carbon bonds has been employed by organisms to synthesize fatty acids, polyketides, and isoprenoids. In these biosynthetic schemes, same reaction cycles are used iteratively for functional modifications that result in the increase in carbon-chain length. This principle has been used in the design of a synthetic module for 2-ketoacid elongation. The system utilizes the Escherichia coli enzymes LeuABCD, which were engineered to accept bulkier nonnatural substrates, and was able to extend the chain length iteratively. The success in achieving a diverse range of 2-ketoacids and alcohols from this module via engineering of the 2-isopropylmalate synthase and ketoacid decarboxylase demonstrates the plasticity of LeuABCD and its feasibility for iterative carbon-chain elongations. In addition, this strategy illustrates a principle of designing novel metabolic modules for nonpolymeric carbon-chain elongation, which is essential in the synthesis of nonnative metabolites in microorganisms.
Individual differences and the science of human performance

This study comprises the third year of the Robust Automated Knowledge Capture (RAKC) project. In the previous two years, preliminary research was conducted by collaborators at the University of Notre Dame and the University of Memphis. The focus of this preliminary research was to identify relationships between cognitive performance aptitudes (e.g., short-term memory capacity, mental rotation) and strategy selection for laboratory tasks, as well as tendencies to maintain or abandon these strategies. The current study extends initial research by assessing electrophysiological correlates with individual tendencies in strategy selection. This study identifies regularities within individual differences and uses this information to develop a model to predict and understand the relationship between these regularities and cognitive performance.
Gait and Postural Disorders in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by alterations in the regulation of muscle tone during REM sleep, often in conjunction with dream enactment. RBD is of importance from both a clinical and basic science perspective since individuals diagnosed with RBD have an almost 80% risk of developing Parkinson’s disease (PD) or other α-synuclein-related disorders within one decade. For this reason, studying RBD provides an opportunity to improve our understanding of premotor stages of PD and related synucleinopathies. Moreover, the progression of RBD to RBD with PD is associated with the development of an akinetic-rigid subtype of PD that is often associated with a high risk of falls, gait disturbances, and the development of freezing of gait (FOG). This chapter summarizes the literature showing that the expression of RBD alone is associated with subtle changes in movement control, particularly in the domain of postural stability and gait. Some of the motor features of RBD are akin to distinct abnormalities in posture-locomotion coupling and muscle activation seen in PD with FOG. The possible neural substrates of these impairments are also discussed.
Conducting Effective and Productive Psychoeducational and Therapy Groups: A Guide for Beginning Group Leaders

Conducting Effective and Productive Psychoeducational and Therapy Groups offers a four-part structure designed to prepare future and beginning group leaders for the challenges that lie ahead: Getting Started, Encouraging Productivity, Troubleshooting/Problem Solving, and Closures. Along the way, readers will find practical, step-by-step instructions and guidance; activities to promote involvement, growth, and self-understanding; as well as processes and procedures to prevent and resolve difficult behaviors. Also included are 40+ activities, a typology of difficult member profiles, strategies to increase leader effectiveness, and a chapter on toxicity among groups as well as group members.
Improving Efficiency in Dental School Clinics by Computerizing a Manual Task

Background: We computerized a formerly manual task of requesting dental faculty to conduct quality checks on student providers during patient encounters. We surveyed student providers who experienced the manual and computerized versions of the faculty request process for one year each. Methods: All surveys were emailed to student providers and there were no reminders or incentives to complete the survey. Simple descriptive data were used to present the results of the study and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was provided by the University of Michigan Medical School Committee on Human Research (HUM00131029) on 1 June 2018 Results: The response rate for the survey was 47.1%. A total of 16.1% of student providers reported that the Faculty Request System (FRS) helped them save 1–10 min per clinic session, 22.3% said it saved them 11–20 min, 29.5% said it saved them 21–30 min, 21.4% said it saved 31–40 min, 2.67% said it saved 41–50 min, and 7.14% said it saved more than 50 min per clinic session. Regarding how student providers used the additional time they gained from the FRS, 96.4% said they used some of the time to write up their notes, 88.4% said they used some of the time to discuss treatments with their patients, 83.9% said they engaged in general conversation with their patients, 81.3% said they took care of other patient-related duties, while 1.8% said they had less time available after the implementation of the FRS. Conclusions: The FRS enabled student providers to remain with their patients for almost a full 30 min more (during a 3 h session). This paper describes several benefits experienced by student providers, and the resulting impacts on patient experiences.
Functionality of clonal lymphoid progenitor cells expressing the P210 BCR/ABL oncogene.

We have developed an in vitro system in which clonal progenitor cell lines which express the P210 BCR/ABL oncogene and are committed to the B cell lineage can be derived from murine bone marrow and maintained in culture. These cells retain immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes in a predominantly germline configuration. They express high levels of TdT and sterile u transcripts and undergo diverse DJ rearrangements at the Ig heavy chain locus in vitro. Although growth stimulated by BCR/ABL, the progenitor cells retain full differentiative capacity in vivo. Transfer of these cells to immunodeficient SCID mice leads to reconstitution of functional B cells which respond in a specific fashion to both T-independent and T-dependent antigens and which display diverse VH family utilization. Tumors have not been observed in the reconstituted mice for at least 60 days. This system demonstrates that P210 can growth stimulate an early progenitor cell without preventing differentiation and should be useful for studying both the B cell developmental process and leukemogenesis.
Effects of increased actinic keratosis count on skin-related quality of life: results from the Veterans Affairs Keratinocyte Carcinoma Chemoprevention (VAKCC) Trial

Actinic keratoses (AKs) are very common and it is therefore important to consider how morbidity of this disease impacts quality of life (QoL). Previous longitudinal studies of skin-related QoL in a high-risk population found no effect of increased AK counts on subsequent skin-related QoL, even though higher AK counts were associated with worse skin-related QoL cross-sectionally. To determine if development of new actinic keratoses (AKs) are associated with worse skin-related QoL in those at high risk of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC). A prospective analysis was performed using data from the Veterans Affairs Keratinocyte Carcinoma Chemoprevention Trial, a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of topical 5-fluorouracil for chemoprevention of KC. We report correlates of skin-related quality of life, a secondary outcome of the trial. Demographic and health-related information were self-reported and AK multiplicity on the face/ears were noted on semi-annual skin exams. Skindex-29 and Skin Cancer Index instruments were used to assess skin-related QoL yearly. Participants with increased AK counts had worse skin-related QoL compared to those with unchanged or decreased counts, particularly in Year 1. Our findings of impaired skin-related QoL associated with AKs underscore the importance of appropriate management to reduce the burden of disease.
The periodic integral orbits of polynomial recursions with integer coefficients

We show that polynomial recursions $x_{n+1}=x_{n}^{m}-k$ where $k,m$ are integers and $m$ is positive have no nontrivial periodic integral orbits for $m\geq3$. If $m=2$ then the recursion has integral two-cycles for infinitely many values of $k$ but no higher period orbits. We also show that these statements are true for all quadratic recursions.
Dynamic State and Parameter Estimation for Natural Gas Networks using Real Pipeline

We present a method for joint state and parameter estimation for natural gas networks where gas pressures and flows through a network of pipes depend on time-varying injections, withdrawals, and compression controls. The estimation is posed as an optimal control problem constrained by coupled partial differential equations on each pipe that describe space and time-dependent density and mass flux. These are discretized and combined with nodal conditions to give dynamic constraints for posing the estimation as nonlinear least squares problems. We develop a rapid, scalable computational method for performing the estimation in the presence of measurement and process noise. Finally, we evaluate its effectiveness using a data set from a capacity planning model for an actual pipeline system and a month of time-series data from its supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system.
Federal funding of nursing research by the National Institutes of Health (NIH): 1993 to 2017.

Abstract Background There has been a dramatic increase in the number of doctoral programs (PhD and DNP) that prepare nurse research scientists and advanced practitioners since establishment of the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1985. Purpose The purpose of this report is to examine the historical context of federal research funding to schools/colleges of nursing to determine if the NINR/NIH budget is adequate. Method Data were extracted from the NIH RePORT/ER database from 1993 to 2017. Additional data were obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. A return on investment analysis for four landmark nursing studies is included. Findings The percent of the NINR budget awarded to schools/colleges of nursing peaked in 2005; since 2011, more funding to schools/colleges of nursing was received from all other NIH institutes combined, compared to NINR. The return on investment for four nursing research studies, ranged from $1:$202 to $1:$1,206, and far exceeds the Standard and Poor's 500 Index (S&P 500) of 10%. Discussion Federal funding of nursing research is inadequate and a chokepoint relative to the number of doctoral programs. We suggest the NINR budget would need to increase at least fivefold to over $763 million to adequately fund nursing science. The impact of inadequate funding on the discipline is discussed.
CpelTdm.jl: a Julia package for targeted differential DNA methylation analysis

Motivation: Identifying regions of the genome that demonstrate significant differences in DNA methylation between groups of samples is an important problem in computational epigenetics. Available methods assume that methylation occurs in a statistically independent manner at individual cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites or perform analysis using empirically estimated joint probability distributions of methylation patterns at no more than 4 contiguous CpG sites. These approaches can lead to poor detection performance and loss of reliability and reproducibility due to reduced specificity and sensitivity in the presence of insufficient data. Results: To accommodate data obtained with different bisulfite sequencing technologies, such as RRBS, ERRBS, and WGBS, and improve statistical power, we developed CpelTdm.jl, a Julia package for targeted differential analysis of DNA methylation stochasticity between groups of unmatched or matched samples. This package performs rigorous statistical analysis of methylation patterns within regions of the genome specified by the user that takes into account correlations in methylation and results in robust detection of genomic regions exhibiting statistically significant differences in methylation stochasticity. CpelTdm.jl does not only detect mean methylation differences, as it is commonly done by previous methods, but also differences in methylation entropy and, more generally, between probability distributions of methylation. Availability and Implementation: This Julia package is supported for Windows, macOS, and Linux, and can be freely downloaded from GitHub: https://github.com/jordiabante/CpelTdm.jl .
The impact of surface-polish on the angular and wavelength dependence of fiber focal ratio degradation

We present measurements of how multimode fiber focal-ratio degradation (FRD) and throughput vary with levels of fiber surface polish from 60 to 0.5 micron grit. Measurements used full-beam and laser injection methods at wavelengths between 0.4 and 0.8 microns on 17 meter lengths of Polymicro FBP 300 and 400 μm core fiber. Full-beam injection probed input focal-ratios between f/3 and f/13.5, while laser injection allowed us to isolate FRD at discrete injection angles up to 17 degrees (f/1.6 marginal ray). We find (1) FRD effects decrease as grit size decreases, with the largest gains in beam quality occurring at grit sizes above 5 μm; (2) total throughput increases as grit size decreases, reaching 90% at 790 nm with the finest polishing levels; (3) total throughput is higher at redder wavelengths for coarser polishing grit, indicating surface-scattering as the primary source of loss. We also quantify the angular dependence of FRD as a function of polishing level. Our results indicate that a commonly adopted micro-bending model for FRD is a poor descriptor of the observed phenomenon.
A Programmable Platform for Accelerating the Development of Smart Ultrasound Transducer Probe

During the COVID-19 pandemic, an ultraportable ultrasound smart probe has proven to be one of the few practical diagnostic and monitoring tools for doctors who are fully covered with personal protective equipment. The real-time, safety, ease of sanitization, and ultraportability features of an ultrasound smart probe make it extremely suitable for diagnosing COVID-19. In this article, we discuss the implementation of a smart probe designed according to the classic architecture of ultrasound scanners. The design balanced both performance and power consumption. This programmable platform for an ultrasound smart probe supports a 64-channel full digital beamformer. The platform’s size is smaller than 10 cm $\times5$ cm. It achieves a 60-dBFS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an average power consumption of ~4 W with 80% power efficiency. The platform is capable of achieving triplex B-mode, M-mode, color, pulsed-wave Doppler mode imaging in real time. The hardware design files are available for researchers and engineers for further study, improvement or rapid commercialization of ultrasound smart probes to fight COVID-19.
Bivalirudin and Alteplase for Pulmonary Embolism Requiring Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in an Adolescent.

Saddle pulmonary embolism (PE) remains a challenge to diagnose and manage in pediatric patients. Current literature encourages early consideration of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in high-risk PE patients with impending right ventricular failure. We present a 17-year-old patient who was admitted to a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit with saddle PE requiring emergent VA-ECMO support because of cardiovascular collapse. Despite anticoagulation with bivalirudin and receiving systemic thrombolysis with alteplase, the clot burden was persistent with minimal improvement in right ventricular function. We proceeded to catheter thrombolysis while on VA-ECMO. This ultimately led to a successful resolution of the PE and allowed for weaning off VA-ECMO. PE is rare in children compared with adults, and pediatricians may be unaware of therapies becoming increasingly used in adults such as the use of VA-ECMO, with systemic and local thrombolysis. The concurrent use of a direct thrombin inhibitor for ECMO anticoagulation alongside the thrombolysis is a novel combination in this condition and age-group.
HCT for Germ Cell Tumors

The use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation is well established as a potentially curative approach to patients with relapsed or refractory disease after initial cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The use of tandem transplant with high-dose carboplatin and etoposide conditioning in this setting has been a standard in the United States based on the large experience from Indiana University. Ongoing randomized trials seek to confirm this approach.
Abstract PO013: SNP rs1982 in the 3’UTR of placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) is associated with endometrial cancer survival

Placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) is a small (212aa) secreted protein normally only expressed on the apical surfaces of syncytiotrophoblasts. However, over the past two decades we and other investigators have shown that human cancers and, in particular, cancers of the human reproductive tract, induce PLAC1 expression. In gynecologic cancers, PLAC1 expression has been shown to be associated with risk, histology and TP53 mutation status. A previously unassessed informative SNP rs1982 (A>C) lies in the 3’ untranslated region of the PLAC1 gene. We have begun to explore the utility of this SNP by genotyping a panel of 75 endometrial cancers. The panel is composed of 29 endometrial adenocarcinomas, 10 papillary serous adenocarcinomas, 9 mixed Mullerian tumors, 6 mixed histologies, 2 tumors identified as displaying complex atypia and 1 neuroendocrine tumor. High molecular weight genomic DNA was extracted from these tumors and SNP genotypes determined by directly sequencing a 312bp PCR amplicon generated by the primers: rs1982for: GAGGATTGGTCTCTTCACACAG; rs1982rev: ACAATGTCTGGCCCATACTAAA SNP genotypes were then evaluated against a variety of clinical variables including age, BMI, tobacco use, Charlson Index, co-morbidities, stage, grade, myometrial invasion, recurrence, and death by cancer using both univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Progression-free and overall survival were assessed by Cox Proportional Hazard ratio. Results show that CC homozygotes have increased progression-free and overall survival though neither reached statistical significance. However, several clinical variables were statistically associated with different rs1982 genotypes. Charlson co-morbidity Index was positively associated with presence of the wild-type A allele (OR = 1.61; 1.06 - 2.69; p Citation Format: Eric J. Devor, Jesus Gonzalez-Bosquet, Kimberly K. Leslie. SNP rs1982 in the 3’UTR of placenta-specific protein 1 (PLAC1) is associated with endometrial cancer survival [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO013.
Predation of larval Lepidoptera in habitat fragments varies spatially and temporally but is not affected by light pollution

As human populations continue to expand, many more species are affected by habitat fragmentation and urbanization. One of the most common themes in studies of fragmented habitats is finding higher rates of predation along habitat edges. However, field studies supporting this pattern are heavily influenced by avian literature and may not apply similarly to other organisms, such as invertebrates. Field studies of predation are typically performed during the day or do not distinguish between day and night; these studies therefore overlook daily fluctuations in predation and may miss important effects that occur solely at night, such as light pollution from streetlights. We tested whether predation of larval Lepidoptera differed between edge and core habitats and also whether predation along the habitat edge varied in response to light pollution from streetlights. We placed larvae in the core of suburban habitat patches and along the habitat edge, both under streetlights as well as between streetlights where it was dark. We found that predation rate increased in both edge and core habitats over the summer. Early season, we found daily fluctuations in predation dynamics with greater predation along the habitat edge than in the habitat core during the day, but not at night. Additionally, we found that streetlights did not affect predation rate along the habitat edge. Our results suggest that increased predation along habitat edges may be a diurnal effect.
Rate equations for sodium catalyzed quartz dissolution

Abstract Quartz dissolution rate data were fit to an equation that predicts the dissolution flux (J, mol/m2 sec) as a function of temperature (T, K), sodium concentration (mNa+, molal), and hydrogen ion activity (aH+). J = 0.646 10 - 74800 2.303 R 1 T + 6.64 10 - 88000 2.303 R 1 T m Na + 0.331 a H + 0.441 The same data fit equally well to an equation that expresses the rate as a function of temperature, sodium concentration, and hydroxide ion activity ( a OH - ) . J = 0.646 10 - 74800 2.303 R 1 T + 11200 10 - 71600 2.303 R 1 T m Na + 0.326 a OH - 0.441 These equations are more convenient to use than those given by Bickmore et al. (2008) because rates can be predicted without the implementation of a surface speciation model. They predict that at 25 °C quartz dissolves more than 200 times faster in seawater than in pure water. These two equations fit the data just as well as five other equations from Bickmore et al. (2008) that are based on surface species concentrations. All of these rate equations contain information about the reaction mechanism(s) for quartz dissolution but that information is ambiguous because the independent variables used to develop the equations are correlated. This means that rate equations alone cannot be used to infer the dissolution mechanism. Existing surface complexation, surface charge, terrace-ledge-kink, and Lewis acid-base models must be modified and amalgamated in order to develop a reliable model of the reaction mechanism(s).
New processing strategies for multichannel cochlear prostheses

Publisher Summary Cochlear implants have improved the lives of many deaf people. Most patients enjoy remarkable gains in face-to-face communication when the implant is used as an adjunct to lipreading and some are able to understand the portions of conversational speech with hearing alone. Full restoration of speech recognition without visual cues, however, has remained elusive. This chapter presents various strategies for representing speech information with multichannel cochlear prostheses that are compared in tests with implant patients. The strategies included the compressed analog (CA) approach of a standard clinical device and alternative interleaved pulses (IP) and continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) strategies. CA and IP strategies are compared with all three types in tests with one subject and CA and CIS strategies in tests with six additional subjects. Subjects for the studies are selected for their excellent performance with the clinical CA processor, and the tests included closed-set identification of consonants and open-set recognition of words and sentences. For every test, every subject obtained the highest score, or repeated a score of 100% correct, using a CIS strategy. In the comparisons of all three approaches, IP processor scores are between those obtained with CA and CIS processors. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for processor design.
Scleroderma and its oral manifestations. Report of three cases of progressive systemic sclerosis (diffuse scleroderma).

Abstract 1. 1. Three cases of scleroderma have been presented to show the systemic and oral manifestations of the disease. 2. 2. The dentist should recognize the importance of this rare disease and refer the patient to a qualified authority for definitive treatment. 3. 3. In all three of the cases reported here there was rigidity of the lips, with difficulty in retracting them. 4. 4. Crippling of the hands was present in the three patients, and shortness of breath was noted while the patients were resting. A gasping for air seemed to be typical in all three cases. 5. 5. The characteristic dental roentgenographic finding of widening of the periodontal membrane was observed in one of the three patients seen.
Planted forests: poplars

Poplars (Populus spp.) have been planted in Europe and Asia since very early times. Known in the Near East as the “blessed tree”, poplars have been the primary timber producer in regions lacking natural forests in the northern hemisphere. Now, though, we are seeing poplar plantations becoming part of the forest resources even in the abundantly forested Pacific Northwest. Though still a minor contributor to the world’s timber supply, the area of land planted to poplars is, nevertheless, increasing rapidly, particularly in China, South Korea, and the United States. The 1992 report from the International Poplar Commission listed nineteen countries with at least 10,000 ha of planted poplars and seven with more than 100,000 ha. Much of the success of poplar plantations results from the breeding of fast-growing and disease-resistant poplar hybrids. Accordingly, at least eleven countries support poplar breeding programs. Uses of poplar wood range from peeled poles for rafters and other elements of construction in agrarian economies to the manufacture of paper, plywood, oriented strand board, and engineered lumber in industrial nations. Interest has also developed in poplar plantations as a renewable source of energy.
Motor skill and behavior adjustment: an exploratory study.

Abstract This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of a supplementary physical education program in improving selected motor skills and behavior adjustment of primary school children who were poor in motor skills and deficient in behavior adjustment. Tests were administered to members of two experimental groups (instruction and non-instruction) and two control groups (deviant and normal) at various times during a one-year period. Improvement in motor performance demonstrated by each of the two experimental groups was significantly greater than such improvement made by each of the control groups. The level of motor performance attained by each of the experimental groups did not significantly differ from the level of motor performance exhibited by normal primary school children. Changes in behavior adjustment among the participants were not statistically significant.
Abstract T P347: "Changing How We've Always Done it" Utilizing Lean Six-Sigma to Improve Door to IV-tPA times

Background & Purpose: Changing procedures in a large academic hospital is a difficult process. Our institution sought to improve IV-tPA administration times for patients with acute stroke. The purpose of this Kaizen event was to break down this process and rebuild it with the goal of safely administering IV-tPA consistently within the 60- minute window. Methods: Utilizing the expertise of a lean Six-Sigma trained professional, a team was carefully selected comprising multiple disciplines. After receiving lean Six-Sigma training, this team deconstructed the process of IV-tPA administration, using a mock patient experience, external consultants, and direct observation of other institutions. Delays in treatment were attributed to obtaining multi-modal imaging on arrival and performing multiple examinations by different providers. Data were analyzed using reports from the GWTG national registry. Results: With support from all stakeholders, the group developed a new pathway: ED triage◊CT scan (non-contrast onl...
Methods of Quantum Field Theory in the Physics of Subsurface Solute Transport

The stochastic theory of subsurface solute transport has received stimulus recently from modeling techniques originating in quantum field theory (QFT), resulting in new calculations of the solute macrodispersion tensor that derive from the solving Dyson equation with a subsequent renormalization group analysis. In this paper, we offer a critical evaluation of these techniques as they relate specifically to the derivation of a field-scale advection-dispersion equation. An approximate Dyson equation satisfied by the ensemble-average solute concentration for tracer movement in a heterogeneous porous medium is derived and shown to be equivalent to a truncated cumulant expansion of the standard stochastic partial differential equation which describes the same phenomenon. The full Dyson equation formalism, although exact, is of no importance to the derivation of an improved field-scale advection-dispersion equation. Similarly, renormalization group analysis of the macrodispersion tensor has not yet provided results that go beyond what is available currently from the cumulant expansion approach.
Fucosidosis Type 2

Two siblings, 9 and 4½ years old, had α-L-fucosidase deficiency, angiokeratoma, progressive psychomotor retardation, neurologic signs, coarse facial features, and dysostosis multiplex. It appears that genetic heterogeneity is present in fucosidosis; there are at least two types. In type 1, patients have no vascular lesions, but have rapid psychomotor regression, severe and rapidly progressing neurologic signs, elevated sodium and chloride excretion in the sweat, and fatal outcome before the sixth year. In type 2, patients have angiokeratoma, milder psychomotor retardation and neurologic signs, longer survival, and normal salinity in the sweat. Quantitative studies on erythrocytes and in saliva disclosed severely increased expressions of Lea and Leb. Biopsies of skin and gingiva showed alterations as seen in angiokeratoma. There was also evidence of lysosomal storage in vascular endothelium, eccrine sweat gland epithelium, and fibroblasts of the skin.
Prevalence and Enumeration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in U.S. Abattoirs that Process Fewer than 1,000 Head of Cattle per Day†

A significant portion (15 to 20%) of beef in the United States is produced in small beef processing plants that harvest fewer than 1,000 cattle per day. However, there are little data on the prevalence and levels of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in these processing plants. To address this lack of data, hides (n = 1,995) and carcasses (n = 1,995) of cattle at seven small processing plants located across the United States were analyzed for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella. Across all plants, hide prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella was 71 and 91%, respectively. Twelve percent of hides had E. coli O157:H7 at enumerable levels (≥40 CFU/100 cm2), while 36% of hides had Salmonella at enumerable levels. Across all plants, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 on preevisceration carcasses was 33%, with 2% at an enumerable level (≥0.8 CFU/100 cm2). Across all plants, Salmonella prevalence on preevisceration carcasses was 58%, with 8% at an enumerable level. Significant plant-to-plant variations in lev...
APAP: a computer-based tool for analyzing data flow in arithmetic pipelines

The arithmetic pipeline analysis package (APAP), an interactive PC-based software package for simulating data flow within an arithmetic pipeline, is described. The package is designed for use by undergraduate and graduate students with background in computer architecture and parallel processing. It allows the student to design hardware and analyze its functionality without building the circuit. In addition, APAP shows detailed data flow which makes it easy for the student to envision exactly how the pipeline works. The main simulation process used follows five major steps: construction of the arithmetic pipeline, specification of pipeline connections, definition of the reservation table, definition of the input data, and calculation and presentation of data flow. In order to provide the student with a detailed data flow to further understand the entire operating condition, APAP allows the student to choose between a flow diagram, flow table, or flow analysis trace to analyze the results. >