cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Intestinal glucagon mRNA identified by hybridization to a cloned islet cDNA encoding a precursor

Poly(A) RNA was prepared from the intestine of anglerfish and was translated in a wheat germ cell-free system supplemented with 35S-methionine. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the labeled translation products revealed that the intestinal poly(A) RNA directs the synthesis of many proteins. Immunoprecipitations of the intestinal cell-free translation products with an antiserum to glucagon known to recognize anglerfish islet pre-proglucagon failed to identify an intestinal glucagon precursor. However, sensitive techniques of hybridization with a 32P-labelled cDNA containing the coding sequence for pancreatic glucagon identified a complementary RNA in the intestine. The mRNA of 620 bases is similar in size to the pre-proglucagon RNA in the islets (620–650 bases). These observations indicate that a gene encoding glucagon is expressed in the intestine, and that the mRNA encoding the intestinal glucagon precursor is of similar size to the pre-proglucagon mRNAs identified in the islets.
Politics of Organizational Adornment Lessons from Las Vegas and Beyond

Practices of design, although integral to contemporary capitalism, are too often overlooked by economic sociologists. To remedy this, I study a novel technology of organizational adornment: theming. Case data drawn from the global casino industry reveal that theming has diffused worldwide as standard business practice. Close examination, however, reveals divergence across jurisdictions in terms of the meanings that themes convey. These patterns derive from neither successful marketing (i.e., customizing design for consumers) nor symbolic isomorphism (i.e., signaling deference to global norms). In line with the markets-as-politics paradigm, I analyze design as a field-specific conception of control. In this view, themes signal to particular constituencies that one is a certain kind of organization (and not another). The makeup of these signals and audiences—that is, what counts as socially legitimate action—will depend on the political field in which a firm is embedded. Results demonstrate the explanatory ...
Automated sizing, counting and identification of zooplankton by pattern recognition

A computerized system was developed to automate the analysis of zooplankton samples. Classification to major taxonomic group was based on discriminant analysis of morphological features. Images were generated either from preserved organisms or from silhouette photographs. The latter technique simplified large-scale sample storage. Accuracy of correct classification, among organisms regularly occurring in New England coastal waters, exceeded 90%. Critical problems were due to limitations inherent to the imaging of low contrast, randomly oriented objects by a vidicon camera. One solution would utilize an incoherent-to-coherent transducer in a binocular field of observation through which plankton entrained in a flowing medium passed.
The steady-state kinetics of a catalytic reaction sequence

Abstract With the growth in the use of DFT for predicting elementary catalytic reaction step kinetics, it is desirable to develop approaches that provide the overall reaction (OR) rate in terms of these. Deriving an explicit rate expression for a sequence with three or more steps by solving the quasi-steady-state (QSS) equations, however, is tedious, or infeasible, and the resulting expressions are often unwieldy and difficult to interpret. As a result, the microkinetics approach is favored, providing, however, only numerical results. Here, we provide an alternate approach to obtain the QSS rate expression for a reaction sequence in analogy to an electrical circuit, i.e., OR rate = driving force/overall resistance, where the overall resistance may be obtained in terms of the individual step resistance following the electrical analogy. The individual step resistances, in turn, can be derived readily based on the traditional Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (LHHW) approach, by assuming each step in turn to be rate-limiting, combined with the notion of “intermediate reactions” for the formation of the intermediate species. This provides exact expressions for mechanisms with linear (first-order in intermediates) step kinetics in linear sequences, and approximate but accurate expressions in others. Further, it allows insightful conclusions to be drawn about one or more rate-limiting steps in a sequence, and the resulting simplifications. The approach is illustrated with the help of catalytic N 2 O decomposition (linear kinetics), and the hydrogenation of isobutene (nonlinear kinetics).
Parental Influences on Childhood Fitness and Activity Patterns

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parental attitudes and self-reported exercise habits on the fitness and activity levels of their children. One parent from each of 1,253 families was asked about exercise habits and completed the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS) to determine their personal attitudes toward exercise. The children completed a self-reported activity questionnaire (SRA) and had their aerobic power predicted using a cycle ergometer test. Multiple regression indicated that the parents' EBBS scores were weakly associated with the child's maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max); the mothers' association was significant, but the fathers was not. The children's SRA scores were not correlated with parents' attitudes or exercise habits. These results suggest either that factors other than parental attitudes and exercise habits are more influential in determining the fitness and activity levels of children or that the instruments lack precision. Thus, to improve the c...
The Effect of Water on the Adsorption of NO2 in Na− and Ba−Y, FAU Zeolites: A Combined FTIR and TPD Investigation

The adsorption of NO2 was investigated and compared on Na− and Ba−Y, FAU zeolites both in the absence and presence of adsorbed water using FTIR and TPD techniques. The same ionic NOx species (NO+, NO+NO2, NO3-), formed by the disproportionation of NO2, were observed to form on both materials under dry conditions at room temperature. The thermal stabilities of these species, however, were vastly different on the two materials. Room-temperature evacuation was sufficient to decompose the NO+NO2 adduct in Na−Y, while this species was stable up to 350K over Ba−Y. The adsorbed NO+ was also much more stable over Ba−Y than on Na−Y. Water significantly affected the adsorbed NOx species on both materials. In the presence of water, the IR signatures of adsorbed NO+ were eliminated from both catalysts; however, it did not affect the IR feature of the NO+NO2 species on Ba−Y. In the TPD spectra, the NO2 desorption peak shifted from 350 K to 520 K on Na−Y preexposed to water. In Ba−Y, the high-temperature NO2 desorption...
A rapid solid-phase radioimmunoassay for human luteinizing hormone.

A rapid and sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay for serum hLH has been developed which requires only 1 day to complete. Assay of sera from normal women provided values which agree with those obtained by other methods. At ovulation the mean of the hLH peaks for eight cycles was 27.1 mIU hLH/ml of serum. The minimum was 1.7 mIU/ml in the luteal phase.
Safety of influenza vaccines in pregnant women

Prevention of influenza in pregnant women and their newborns through maternal immunization is a safe and effective intervention during seasonal epidemics and a priority during a pandemic. While influenza vaccination of pregnant women has been routine in the United States since the 1950s, coverage rates increased significantly only after the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Epidemiologic and clinical studies support the safety of inactivated influenza vaccines in pregnant women and their infants. Safety barriers to the use of vaccines during pregnancy can be addressed through research, active surveillance, and education.
K−p charge exchange and hyperon production cross sections from 860 to 1000 MeV/c

The K−p reactions leading to charge exchange and hyperon final states have been studied at nine momenta between 862 and 1001 MeV/c using data from a 600 000 picture exposure of the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 25″ liquid hydrogen bubble chamber. Partial cross sections are determined for all final states resolved by kinematic fitting. In addition, differential cross sections are presented for the two-body final states Kon, Λπo and Σ+-π-+ along with hyperon polarization angular distributions for Λπo and Σ+π−.
Impact of Interface Resistance on Pulsed Thermoelectric Cooling

Pulsed thermoelectric cooling is an attractive approach for the site specific thermal management of infrared sensors and other low-heat flux devices. Intense Joule heating caused by electrical interface resistance, however, can severely degrade pulsed cooling performance. Numerical simulations are used to quantify the impact of the interface resistance on pulsed thermoelectric cooling. The degradation in performance is most pronounced for micro-coolers that have small bulk resistivity at high pulse amplitudes. Our work also forms a basis for new techniques to probe interfaces in TE devices for energy harvesting as well as cooling applications.
QUANTIFICATION OF DOUBLET VECTOR DISTRIBUTION OF GRANULAR MATERIALS

Soil fabric quantities such as doublet vector and branch vector distributions are important in doublet mechanics and micromechanics modeling of soil behavior. The quantification of these quantities is therefore imperative in applying and verifying these modeling techniques. This paper presents the development of a new method to quantify the doublet distribution of granular assemblies and some experimental results. The method treated doublet vectors as random vectors and built up the integrated distribution function from the distribution functions of the projections of the random vectors in the three orthogonal subspaces. A mechanism to evaluate the doublet vector distribution from sectional images was developed for the case of granular assemblies composed of spherical or subspherical particles. A procedure was also developed to assess the integrated distribution function through evaluating the projection distribution functions in two orthogonal subspaces for the case of axial-symmetric distribution of doublet vectors of spherical particles. The comparison of the doublet distribution of a dense Ottawa sand specimen, quantified by the proposed procedure, with Oda’s experimental observations on contact normal distributions indicated a qualitative consistency. Doublet distribution of spherical assemblies is the same as the branch vector distribution and the contact normal distribution when the nearest neighbors are in contact, and therefore can be applied in both doublet mechanics and micromechanics modeling. The developed procedure is not scale-dependent and can be used to quantify these distributions of particulate materials in different length scales.
Effects of Caffeine Treatment for Apnea of Prematurity on Cortical Speech-Sound Differentiation in Preterm Infants

Caffeine, standard treatment for apnea of prematurity, improves brainstem auditory processing. We hypothesized that caffeine also improves cortical differentiation of complex speech sounds. We used event-related potential methodology to measure responses to speech-sound contrasts in 45 intensive care neonates, stratified by cumulative exposure as no-, low-, and high-caffeine groups. Sound differentiation in the low-caffeine group and near-term no-caffeine infants was similar with repeated measures analysis of variance controlling for gestational and postnatal age. However, a generalized estimating equation approach demonstrated that, at equivalent postnatal age, differentiation was reduced in the high-caffeine (gestational age 25 weeks) compared to the low-caffeine group (gestational age 28 weeks), reflecting the importance of maturity at birth (Z = 2.77, P < .006). We conclude that caffeine improves measures of auditory processing associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. However, current usage of caffeine for apnea of prematurity cannot fully compensate for the effects of brain immaturity on speech sound processing.
Room temperature operation of a quantum-dot flash memory

A flash-memory device has been fabricated and demonstrated at room temperature by coupling a self-aligned, sub-50-nm quantum dot to the channel of a transistor on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. Large threshold voltage shifts of up to 0.75 V are obtained for small erase/write voltages (13 V) at room temperature. At 90 K, evidence of single electron storage is observed. The small size of this device is attractive for achieving high packing densities, while the relatively large output current (100 nA-/spl mu/A's), low off-state current (10 pA), and simple fabrication, requiring only minor variations in standard processing, make it suitable for integration with current silicon memory and logic technology.
The relation of leptin and insulin with obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors in US adults

Previous studies of leptin with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors have been limited by clinical samples or lack of representation of the general population. This cross-sectional study, designed to examine whether leptin or insulin may mediate the endogenous relation of obesity with metabolic, inflammatory, and thrombogenic cardiovascular risk factors, included 522 men and 514 women aged >or=40 years who completed a physical examination during the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were free of existing CVD, cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer), diabetes, or respiratory disease. In multivariable analyses adjusted for race/ethnicity and lifestyle factors, waist circumference (WC) was positively associated with blood pressure, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol:HDL ratio, apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen concentrations, and negatively associated with HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 levels. The associations of WC with the metabolic CVD risk factors were largely attenuated after adjustment for insulin levels, while the associations of WC with the inflammatory and thrombogenic factors (CRP and fibrinogen, respectively) were largely explained by adjustment for leptin concentrations. However, leptin levels were not independently associated with CRP and fibrinogen in men and CRP in women when adjusted for WC. Positive associations of leptin and insulin with fibrinogen in women, independent of WC, were noted. These results suggest that insulin may be an important mediator of the association of obesity with metabolic but not inflammatory or thrombogenic CVD risk factors, while leptin does not appear to influence cardiovascular risk through a shared association with these risk factors. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that leptin and insulin influence cardiovascular risk in women through independent effects on fibrinogen concentrations.
Insulin Therapy and Colorectal Adenomas in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for colorectal adenomas and cancer because of endogenous hyperinsulinemia. Exogenous insulin therapy has been associated with higher colorectal cancer incidence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between exogenous insulin therapy and adenoma formation, accounting for duration of therapy and location and stage of the adenoma. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 50 and 80 years who completed full colonoscopies. Cases were patients with any adenoma on index colonoscopy. Patients without any adenoma composed the control group. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and associated confidence intervals (CI). Results: Compared with the controls, case patients ( n = 196) did not have a significantly increased odds of insulin exposure, when exposure was defined as 12 months or more of insulin use compared with no insulin. However, the odds of insulin exposure among the cases was significantly increased when exposure was defined as 18 months or more (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.5), 24 months or more (OR 1.7, CI 1.1–2.6), and 36 months or more (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.4) of insulin use (test for trend P = 0.05). A similar trend in insulin exposure was seen among type 2 diabetics with advanced adenomas. Adenoma location was not significantly affected by insulin therapy. Conclusions: Chronic insulin therapy is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenomas in patients with type 2 diabetes. Impact: Diabetes patients receiving insulin may need more stringent colon cancer screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(10); 1833–40. ©2012 AACR .
The Role of Customer Engagement in Enhancing Passenger Loyalty in IndonesianAirline Industry: Relationship Marketing Approach

Scholars and practitioners agree that organisations cannot rely on transactional marketing since customers demand more personalized goods and services. Consequently, organisations need to build a relationships based on a mutual exchange with their customers to satisfy their needs and wants and customer relationship emerged to enhance long-term customer profitability. Customer perceived value have been widely accepted as important antecedents improving customer loyalty. However, only a few published studies have the integrated customer engagement construct with the other important marketing constructs to examine the interrelationship among them. This research aims to examine the interrelationships among perceived value, customer engagement and customer loyalty. Focus group discussions, and a survey of 250 Indonesian airline passengers in East Java Province, Indonesia, were conducted to satisfy the research objectives. In order to carry out a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between variables, a quantitative approach is used in this study. The methods used to analyse the data are Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to test the model fit and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test the hypothesis. Sobel’s test is also used to test the mediating role of customer engagement. The findings of this study indicate while customer perceived value consistently influences loyalty, customer engagement is also proven to be an antecedent of loyalty. Furthermore, customer engagement is also proven to play a mediating role which strengthens the relationship between perceived value and loyalty. The results of the empirical analysis is supported by previous studies that suggest customer engagement is a new construct that has an important role to play in enhancing passenger loyalty.
Interpretation and tectonic implications of cooling histories: An example from the Black Mountains, Death Valley extended terrane, California

Abstract In the Death Valley extended terrane of California, the Black Mountains have long been considered unique because they largely lack the miogeoclinal cover rocks characteristic of the surrounding ranges. Fission-track ages presented here are combined with published40Ar/39Ar ages and used to construct cooling path envelopes for samples of Precambrian crystalline basement and Miocene plutonic rocks collected across the entire range. The cooling history reconstructions are used to differentiate between contrasting Miocene unroofing histories proposed for this range. Apatite and zircon fission-track ages from the southeastern portion of the range suggest unroofing occurred there at ∼ 13–8.5 Ma from temperatures well below 300°C. Cooling age data from the central Black Mountains indicate major unroofing at 8.5–6.0 Ma from temperatures greater than 300°C. Old cooling ages from directly beneath the highly extended Amargosa chaos rocks are consistent with the chaos rocks being part of an allochthonous slice that was tectonically transported from high crustal levels onto deeper crustal levels. Scenarios for the Miocene unroofing history of this range rely heavily on interpretations of the depth of emplacement of Miocene plutons in the core of the range. Thermochronologic and geobarometric data and thermal modeling of intrusion cooling suggest emplacement of an 11.6 Ma pluton into the crystalline core at a depth of 10–15 km. Both the cooling-age data and considerations of the local geology seem to preclude an unroofing history dominated by erosion of the overlying miogeoclinal section. The morphology of the cooling path envelopes constructed here are similar to those constructed for detachment fault terranes. The data are most consistent with unroofing involving tectonic denudation (10–15 km) along a single, westerly dipping detachment zone. Diachronous rapid cooling from southeast to northwest within the range is interpreted as a result of the lower plate undergoing flexural deformation as it pulls out from underneath a relatively rigid, scoop-shaped hanging wall block (the ‘rolling-hinge’ model). Migration of unroofing and tilting within the range mimics the overall east to west sequential tilting and unroofing of range blocks in the Death Valley extended terrane. Similar thermochronologic evidence for sequential range-scale tilting has been obtained from the Lake Mead extended region, suggesting that this style of extension might provide an explanation for strongly extended domains in the Basin and Range Province.
Shock-induced temperatures of MgO

Shock-compressed MgO radiates thermally at temperatures between 2900 and 3700 K in the 170–200 GPa pressure range. A simple energy-transport model of the shocked-MgO-targets distinguishes between different shock-induced radiation sources in these targets and provides estimates of spectral absorption-coefficients, α_(λMgO), for shocked MgO (e.g. at 203 GPa, α_(λMgO) ~ 630, 7500, 4200 and 3800 m^(−1), at 450, 600, 750 and 900 nm, respectively). The experimentally inferred temperatures of the shock-compressed states of MgO are consistent with temperatures calculated for MgO assuming that (1) it deforms as an elastic fluid, (2) has a Dulong-Petit value for specific heat at constant volume in its shocked state, and (3) undergoes no phase transformation below 200 GPa.
Implementation of a Project-Based Molecular Biology Laboratory Emphasizing Protein Structure–Function Relationships in a Large Introductory Biology Laboratory Course

In introductory laboratory courses, many universities are turning from traditional laboratories with predictable outcomes to inquiry-inspired, project-based laboratory curricula. In these labs, students are allowed to design at least some portion of their own experiment and interpret new, undiscovered data. We have redesigned the introductory biology laboratory course at Brandeis University into a semester-long project-based laboratory that emphasizes concepts and contains an element of scientific inquiry. In this laboratory, students perform a site-directed mutagenesis experiment on the gene encoding human γD crystallin, a human eye lens protein implicated in cataracts, and assess the stability of their newly created protein with respect to wild-type crystallin. This laboratory utilizes basic techniques in molecular biology to emphasize the importance of connections between DNA and protein. This project lab has helped engage students in their own learning, has improved students' skills in critical thinking and analysis, and has promoted interest in basic research in biology.
Moving Radioimmunotherapy Forward for Follicular Lymphoma

The treatment of follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which is the second most common NHL in Western countries, continues to evolve. In this issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology, two important reports deal with the upfront use of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in follicular lymphoma (FL). Both of these studies enrolled FL patients who were considered to be in need of therapy. The report by Scholz et al 1 used RIT as a single-agent without any chemotherapy, whereas the second study by Press et al 2 was a phase III randomized trial of the standard six cycles of rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) versus six cycles of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) with RIT as consolidation (Southwest Oncology Group [SWOG] S0016). The results of these studies have implications for current care and the design of future studies but, as is typical for FL studies, leave us with nagging unanswered questions. RIT is a unique therapeutic modality that uses an antibody carrier to target high-energy, short–path-length radionuclides to tumor sites with little effect on other solid organs. If pretherapy guidelines are followed, the only toxicity is reversible myelosuppression. The known sensitivity of FL to conventional radiation therapy and the usual widespread nature of FL make this type of NHL an attractive target for RIT. Indeed, early randomized studies of unlabeled antibody versus the radiolabeled version of essentially the same antibody in relapsed indolent NHL demonstrated the advantage of the radioimmunoconjugate (RIC) with respect to the overall response rate (ORR) and complete response (CR) rates. 3,4
Visualization of neuronal activity in monkey striate cortex.

The greatest recent success at describing the functional anatomy of one neocortical area was achieved by Hubel & Wiesel (11) whose work on primary visual (striate) cortex has provided tantalizing information about the topographical organization of two response properties, ocular dominance and orientation selectivity. The first of these is associated with depth perception and refers to the response preference that a neuron shows for one eye or the other. The second property, orientation selectivity, relates to contour detec­ tion and refers to the preference that a neuron shows for edges at particular orientations. Hubel & Wiesel's work has established that both properties remain constant with depth, yet vary systematically with lateral displacement. For ocular dominance this variation arises from the interdigitation of two sets of slabs, each about 0.5 mm wide, and each containing neurons dominated by one eye or the other. For orientational preference this variation occurs con­ tinuously; lateral movements through cortex produce regular and predictable shifts (or rotations) in preferred orientation. At intervals however, that corre­ spond roughly (and curiously) to the widths of ocular dominance slabs, there are sudden jumps in preferred orientation or reversals in the direction of change that disrupt the continuity. Given the obvious importance that lateral arrangements play in the ordering of cortical information, one naturally wonders whether or not there might be a convenient way of studying them-a technique that possibly would allow the direct visualization of responses in cortex to different visual stimuli. The
The in vivo inhibition of mouse brain protein kinase-C by retinoic acid

Abstract The intracisternal injection of either all- trans -retinoic acid or [α]-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) into the brain of 9-day-old mice blocked (90%) phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, EC 4.1.1.17) activity in a concentration-dependent fashion; this inhibition was not evident with the use of the biologically impotent furyl analog of retinoic acid. In a similar manner, retinoic acid reduced the soluble protein kinase-C (PK-C) activity by 60% as well as total EGTA-sensitive kinase activity (66%) associated with the plasma membrane. Sixty-six percent of the retinoic acid-induced loss of PK-C activity in the soluble fraction could be accounted for by the translocation of PK-C to the plasma membrane as measured by the specific binding of 12- O -[ 3 H]tetradecanylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). DFMO and furyl-retinoic acid were not effective in altering PK-C activity or TPA binding to PK-C. In the presence of retinoic acid, however, there was a 2.3-fold increase in specific [ 3 H] TPA binding in the plasma membrane fraction, which was 3.4-fold greater than that lost from the cytosol. Because retinoids do not directly affect TPA binding to PK-C, the data suggest that (i) the presence of retinoic acid results in the exposure of heretofore cryptic TPA-binding sites in the membrane, where this binding is most likely related to the alteration of membrane structure and (ii) de novo ODC induction is not required for retinoid-dependent inhibition of PK-C, although the TPA induction of PK-C appears to be necessary with regard to ODC induction.
Heterotic / type I duality, D instantons and a N=2 AdS / CFT correspondence

D-instanton effects are studied for the IIB orientifold T 2 /(−1) FL I of Sen using type I/heterotic duality. An exact one loop threshold calculation of t8trF 4 and t8(trF 2 ) 2 terms for the heterotic string on T 2 with Wilson lines breaking SO(32) to SO(8) 4 is related to D-instanton induced terms in the worldvolume of D7 branes in the orientifold. Introducing D3 branes and using the AdS/CFT correspondence in this case, these terms are used to calculate Yang-Mills instanton contributions to four point functions of the large Nc limit of N = 2 USp(2Nc) SYM with four fundamental and one antisymmetric tensor hypermultiplets.
Use of the standardized patient model to develop nutrition counseling skills.

One active learning method emerging in medical education encompasses a simulation experience with a standardized patient (SP). In the SP model, educators present students with a staged encounter designed to be most like one that students will experience in a clinical setting. The student acts as a health care provider to someone who has been trained to play a defined patient role (the SP). Standardized patient activities extend beyond role-playing as the setting, and the SP-student interactions are structured to convincingly mirror clinical encounters. When compared to actual, clinical experiences, SP activities offer students opportunities to practice in a low-stakes, yet realistic, environment. Also, the SP activity enhances assessment of students’ skills, as all students interact with the same patient model; comparisons can be made more easily than when patient encounters vary. The SP model may provide an innovative method for teaching nutrition counseling. The purpose of this article is to describe the process and the results of integrating a SP session into a graduate nutrition counseling class. The SP session was designed to develop students’ knowledge of counseling methods, interviewing skills, and attitudes about being a counselor. MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT
USE OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS TO EVALUATE SENSORY‐OBJECTIVE RELATIONS OF PROCESSED GREEN BEANS

Cluster analysis was applied to the acceptability scores of panelists to partition the panel into groups showing a preference for either canned or frozen green beans. Cluster analysis was then applied to 20 sensory and 28 objective attributes to ascertain if the correlations changed according to whether differences had been judged by panelists preferring the canned or frozen product. The order of inclusion of terms and the correlations were affected. Flavor was the most important determinant of acceptability and mouthfeel was next most important. The utilization of particular descriptors to detect differences and sensory-objective relations varied according to whether the panelist scored canned or frozen green beans higher in acceptability.
A meta-analysis of math performance in Turner syndrome.

AIM Studies investigating the relationship between Turner syndrome and math learning disability have used a wide variation of tasks designed to test various aspects of mathematical competencies. Although these studies have revealed much about the math deficits common to Turner syndrome, their diversity makes comparisons between individual studies difficult. As a result, the consistency of outcomes among these diverse measures remains unknown. The overarching aim of this review is to provide a systematic metaanalysis of the differences in math and number performance between females with Turner syndrome and age-matched neurotypical peers. METHOD We provide a meta-analysis of behavioral performance in Turner syndrome relative to age-matched neurotypical populations on assessments of math and number aptitude. In total, 112 comparisons collected across 17 studies were included. RESULTS Although 54% of all statistical comparisons in our analyses failed to reject the null hypothesis, our results indicate that meaningful group differences exist on all comparisons except those that do not require explicit calculation. INTERPRETATION Taken together, these results help elucidate our current understanding of math and number weaknesses in Turner syndrome, while highlighting specific topics that require further investigation.
Mapping from Space

Remote sensing of the earth promises to become an operational tool of the engineer and the scientist within the next few years. There are no real technical limits on the uses of data from space sensors. However, it is not practical to fly special missions, particularly in space, for each specific use. General-purpose, earth-sensing missions aimed at meeting a wide variety of requirements must be defined. Engineers must help define earth-sensing missions, based on the concepts of repetitive coverage, multispectral response, and spatial correlation.
The UNEDF Project

A new era has dawned for nuclear structure and reaction theory. Renewed interest in the physics of nuclei is fueled by experiments at rare isotope beam facilities, which explore new regions of exotic nuclei; by astrophysical observations and simulations, which require controlled extra-polations of the nuclear equation of state; by the use of nuclei in experiments on fundamental symmetries, which rely on robust nuclear structure information; and by nuclear energy and security needs, which include predictions of reaction cross-sections and fission fragment properties. The UNEDF collaboration of nuclear theorists, applied mathematicians, and computer scientists is addressing this broad spectrum of physics through a comprehensive study of all nuclei, based on the most accurate knowledge of the strong nuclear interaction, the most reliable theoretical approaches, the most advanced algorithms, and extensive computational resources.
Rate Response of Cotton to Three Pyrethroids

Physiological response of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., to increasing rates of three pyrethroids was investigated. Fenvalerate, flucythrinate, and cypermethrin were applied to cotton at six rates each in season-long applications. Due to a dry 1983 season, plant growth was restricted and yields were low. Square numbers and yield did not respond to rate. Boll numbers increased quadratically with an increase in rate of cypermethrin, but yield was not affected. The 1984 growing conditions were favorable and yields were high. Square and boll numbers increased with an increase in rate of cypermethrin, yet decreased at the highest rates in a quadratic response curve. Yield in cypermethrin plots, increased quadratically to rate and was correlated with square and boll responses. Boll numbers increased with the same type quadratic response to increasing rates of flucythrinate, yet yield increases were significantly linear. Yields did not respond to increasing rates of fenvalerate.
Information-Theoretic Optimization of Periodic Orbits for Persistent Cooperative Geolocation

The optimization of periodic orbits for tracking both stationary and moving targets with two uninhabited aerial vehicles with camera sensors is considered. A natural informationtheoretic metric is defined which takes into account the fact that the orbits are periodic. In keeping with the current literature, the search space of orbits is restricted to circular orbits of constant radius and altitude. However, additional freedom is created by allowing the orbits to be offset, as opposed to centered about the target. Three key results are obtained from the optimization. First, the widely held belief that aircraft in target centric orbits should be separated in their orbits by 90 ◦ is shown to be correct only when the target altitude is known. Second, allowing the orbits to be offset from the target can provide a significant increase in tracking performance. Third, the level of process noise in the target model affects the optimal choice of orbit parameters. These optimization results are used to evaluate the use of approximate metrics that are based on instantaneous information measures. These approximate metrics, though common in the literature, are shown both analytically and numerically to be limited in their range of applicability. Also, simulations of the ScanEagle UAV for stationary and moving targets were performed for various aircraft phase angle commands and orbit offsets. These simulations are used to develop a number of practical guidelines for persistent cooperative geolocation.
Specialty pharmacy for hematologic malignancies

Purpose The oral oncology medications used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are reviewed, and the specialty pharmacy services at three large academic medical centers are described. Summary More than one dozen oral oncology medications are being used for hematologic malignancies and afford patients increased convenience and the potential to improve their quality of life. These agents include ibrutinib, idelalisib, imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, ponatinib, thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, panobinostat, ixazomib, and vorinostat. Despite the benefits of an autonomous-driven patient care plan, these high-risk, high-cost treatments are not without their challenges. Oral oncology medications are associated with significant barriers to adherence, including low health literacy, patient forgetfulness, complex administration instructions, troublesome adverse effects, and high copayments. Many outpatient cancer center pharmacies associated with large academic medical centers are now applying for specialty pharmacy designation. This affords the onsite dispensing pharmacy access to once-limited oral oncology medications that can be dispensed to clinic patients. In addition, the specialty pharmacy services offered within these cancer centers bridge an important gap in patient care and improve the care provided to oncology patients. Conclusion As oral oncology agents continue to be approved by FDA, oncology treatment teams must establish a comprehensive plan for their management. Because of their pharmacologic expertise, access to patients’ medical records, and unique position within ambulatory care oncology teams, pharmacists can play an important role in patient education, laboratory monitoring, medication adherence, and cost saving.
Value of multi-slice CT angiography in the diagnosis of malrotation with midgut volvulus in children

Objective:To assess the value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography(MSCTA)in the diagnosis of malrotation with midgut volvulus in children.Methods:The clinical and MSCTA findings of eleven pediatric patients with malrotation with midgut volvulus proved by surgery were retrospectively analyzed.There were 8 males and 3 females,with the age ranged from 13d~8y,mean age 2.3y.All patients underwent CT scanning without and with contrast administration,postprocessing techniques including multi-planar reformation(MPR),maximum intensity projetion(MIP)and volume rendering(VR)were performed.Resuts:Among these 11 cases,"whirl sign"was demonstrated in 10 cases,inversion of SMA and SMV in one case,"beak sign"in 6 cases,dilatation of intestinal lumen and fluid retention in 5 cases,edema of intestinal wall and mesentery in 4 cases,abdominal and pelvic ascites in 4 cases.Conclusion:MSCTA has important value in the diagnosis of malrotation with midgut volvulus in children.
Late Stage Freiberg Infraction in a Division I Collegiate Tennis Player.

INTRODUCTION Freiberg infraction is a relatively rare osteochondrosis of the metatarsal head. The etiology of Freiberg infraction is poorly understood but likely involves factors such as, repetitive trauma and vascular compromise. When discovered early, Freiberg infraction can be cured with conservative measures but late presentations require surgical intervention. We present a case of stage V Freiberg infraction in a Division I collegiate tennis player that responded to conservative treatment. CASE REPORT A 20 year old female tennis player presented with worsening of her chronic foot pain. She had tenderness to palpation and diminished range of motion at the second metatarsophalangeal joint. Radiographs revealed late stage Freiberg infraction of the second metatarsal. This patient's pain was successfully treated with conservative measures; prolonging her collegiate tennis career. CONCLUSION Surgical intervention is required for definitive treatment of late stage Freiberg infraction. Conservative treatment can be effective in prolonging the athlete's career.
EVOLUTIONARY TREND OF RELIGION INSPIRED CONFLICTS AND VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA: THE ISLAMIC IMPACT

A cursory look into the history of religious conflicts and violence in Nigeria easily identifies the influence of Islamic faith and its adherents in all these. All over the world, the resurgence of Islamic violence is making negative impact. The september 9/11 terrorist attack in U.S.A. by Islamists (Alqaeda) changed the character and magnitude of Islamic terrorism and drew the attention of the world to the evil inherent in extremism. Since then violence traceable to Islamic religion has been recurring and spreading like wild fire. In Nigeria, the people have had a good dose of this Islamic motivated conflicts and violence even before septeber 9/11 in the U.S.A. In the case of Nigeria, it seems the religion has been so much manipulated by those perpetrating this evil probably to serve their own personal and group aggrandizement. The fact that Islamic violence seem to be skewed towards the Muslim northern part of the country provokes some thoughts and permutations on the raison d’tre of this cankerworm. This paper is set out to critically examine the evolutionary trend of religion inspired conflicts and violence in Nigeria, with special focus on the impact of Islamic faith.
Oncologic progress for the treatment of parathyroid carcinoma is needed

Background and Objectives Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is rare but potentially lethal. No standardized staging system or treatment guidelines have been established. We aimed to determine whether management of PC and patient outcomes have changed at our institution over the past 35 years. Methods Retrospective review of patients with PC at our institution between 1980 and 2015. Patients were grouped by date of initial surgery: group 1, 1980–2001; group 2, 2002–2015. Results About 57 patients (26 in group 1; 31 in group 2) were included. Group 2 had more female patients (61%) than group 1 (31%; P = 0.033). Patients in group 2 were older at the time of initial operation (mean age 48 years in group 1 (SD:14.3) and 56 years (SD:14.6) in group 2; P = 0.034). The 5-year OS rates were 82% (95%CI 59.6%, 93%) for group 1 and 72% (95%CI 45.0%, 87.7%) for group 2. The 5-year DFS rates were 62% (95%CI 36.4%, 79.9%) for group 1 and 66% (95%CI 40.6%, 82.2%) for group 2. Conclusion Management of PC and patient outcomes (OS and DFS) have not significantly changed over the past 35 years at our institution. This rare malignancy needs oncologic improvement. J. Surg. Oncol. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A new construction for low density parity check convolutional codes

Low density parity check (LDPC) block codes have been shown to achieve near capacity performance for binary transmission over noisy channels. Block codes, however, require splitting the data to be transmitted into frames, which can be a disadvantage in some applications. Convolutional codes, on the other hand, have no such requirement, and are well suited for continuous transmission. Felstrom and Zigangirov (1999) proposed the construction of periodic time-varying convolutional codes with LDPC matrices. A set of time-invariant LDPC convolutional codes was described by Sridharan et al. (2002). The codes of Felstrom and Zigangirov were obtained by random construction techniques whereas those of Sridharan et al. were essentially algebraic constructions. The new LDPC convolutional codes described here are obtained by introducing a degree of randomness into the latter construction.
The Times of Alfred Cowles III

Cowles remained in Colorado Springs for two decades. He had survived the stock market turmoil of the late 1920s relatively unscathed financially, and had simultaneously decided to withdraw from both the financial markets and urban congestion before the crash of 1929. He was firmly entrenched in the dry mountain air of Colorado Springs.
Excavating the Memory Palace: An Account of the Disappearance of Mnemonic Imagery from English Rhetoric, 1550–1650

In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the visual precepts of rhetoric’s fourth canon found themselves at odds with the iconoclasm of England’s Protestant elite. Under this negative influence, mnemonic imagery disappeared from rhetorical theory. Interest in the fourth canon declined, replaced with a Ramist conception of memory grounded in abstract (and imageless) order. A general outline of this history has been offered by several scholars—most notably, Frances Yates—but new bibliographic data along with recently digitized archives can verify its accuracy. Print, written culture, or “modernist” ideologies alone cannot explain the historical marginalization of the canon of memory.
Identification of a Fermentation with SOM

Abstract This paper demonstrates the applicability of unsupervised neural networks in form of self-organizing maps (SOM) to process visualization and modeling. The structures of SOMs and learning algorithms are summarized. Unsupervised methods are applied to identify the different metabolic pathways which exist during a yeast fermentation. The neural network model was able to predict the different metabolic pathways.
Towards Data Science Literacy

Abstract The growing importance of data competency implies that adequate Data Science course offerings should be available to all students regardless of their interests, backgrounds and intended major. This paper describes the design and implementation of a course targeted at a non-technical audience and centered on data science literacy, with a focus on collecting, processing, analyzing and using data. The objective is through general education to prime students at an early stage of their education for the changes in the data-driven society and to provide them with skills to navigate capably in today’s data-rich world. Our experience and evaluation results indicate that it is realistic for a diverse population of undergraduate students to acquired data science literacy and practical skills through a general education course.
Medieval Islamic Maps: An Exploration. By Karen C. Pinto

A schematic circular map of the world appears in numerous medieval Islamic manuscripts. Oriented with south at the top and surrounded by a band of the world ocean, it shows the three continents of ...
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among BRCA mutation carriers.

1561Background: BRCA mutation carriers are often offered risk-reducing surgery (oophorectomy, hysterectomy) and medication regimens (hormone modulators, chemotherapy) in a preventative format. Thes...
Ions as Regulators of Growth and Development

Fungal cells respond to a multitude of environmental conditions for reproduction, dispersal, attachment to a substratum, growth, and in the case of pathogenic species penetration into host tissues. For phytopathogenic fungi, a set of prerequisite conditions must be met before a successful parasitic relationship can be established. The fungal propagule, usually a spore, is dispersed to the host surface and is secured to that surface in a way that optimizes the likelihood of remaining there until germination and growth occur. Optimally, growth is toward the most appropriate site for entry into the host. The environmental conditions that surround the fungal cell and promote these cell responses vary, but include minimally the availability of moisture, light, nutrients, and physical characteristics of the substratum such as wettability and topography.