cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Does Increased Horizontal Resolution Improve Hurricane Wind Forecasts

Abstract The representation of tropical cyclone track, intensity, and structure in a set of 69 parallel forecasts performed at each of two horizontal grid increments with the Advanced Research Hurricane (AHW) component of the Weather and Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) is evaluated. These forecasts covered 10 Atlantic tropical cyclones: 6 from the 2005 season and 4 from 2007. The forecasts were integrated from identical initial conditions produced by a cycling ensemble Kalman filter. The high-resolution forecasts used moving, storm-centered nests of 4- and 1.33-km grid spacing. The coarse-resolution forecasts consisted of a single 12-km domain (which was identical to the outer domain in the forecasts with nests). Forecasts were evaluated out to 120 h. Novel verification techniques were developed to evaluate forecasts of wind radii and the degree of storm asymmetry. Intensity (maximum wind) and rapid intensification, as well as wind radii, were all predicted more accurately with increased horizontal r...
Politics and the Axial Age Debate

This paper examines the political dimensions of the ongoing interdisciplinary debate about the occurrence of an "axial age" in human history during the first millennium BCE. It focuses on Karl Jaspers, who first formulated the "axial age" thesis, and Eric Voegelin, who was one of this thesis's earliest sympathetic critics.
A stochastic framework for estimation of summary measures in cost-effectiveness analyses.

Stochastic modeling of patient health and cost outcomes is a useful tool in identifying and assessing the important individual characteristics that influence these outcomes. It is a critical step in cost–effectiveness analysis that aims to structure comparisons between competing healthcare interventions on both health outcomes and costs. The authors use a continuous-time finite-state nonhomogeneous Markov process to describe the occurrence of patient events as they unfold over time. States of the process represent health conditions or health states (e.g., well, ill or dead). Commonly used measures of health outcome, such as life expectancy and quality-adjusted survival, are defined in terms of expected values of functions of the process. Costs are incurred through medical resource use while sojourning in health states, and in transitions between health states. By combining these expenditure streams, the authors define net present values for expected total cost over a specified time period. Metrics used in...
Eosinophilia at the Time of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Predicts Childhood Reactive Airway Disease

Objective. Bronchiolitis in infancy is viewed as a risk factor for childhood asthma, but factors predicting which infants will have persistent wheezing have not been identified. In addition, the nature of the association between the 2 conditions is uncertain. We wished to determine whether eosinophil counts at the time of acute bronchiolitis predicted the presence of wheezing in later childhood. Methods. We retrospectively identified infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis, determined peripheral blood eosinophil counts at the time of bronchiolitis, and then contacted their families when they had reached 7 years of age. Results. Eosinophil counts at the time of bronchiolitis were greater in subjects who would have wheezing at 7 years of age (median: 98 cells/mm3) than in infants who would have no recurrent wheezing (median: 0 cells/mm3) or transient wheezing only up to 3 years of age (median: 0 cells/mm3). When the effects of family history of asthma, gender, and passive exposure to cigarette smoke were examined, only eosinophilia at the time of bronchiolitis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship to the presence of wheezing at 7 years of age. Conclusions. Eosinophilia at the time of bronchiolitis generally predicts the development of wheezing persisting into later childhood. Therefore, the association of bronchiolitis and childhood asthma seems more likely to be attributable to an immunologic anomaly that precedes the development of, or is induced by, bronchiolitis rather than to structural damage to the airway as a result of bronchiolitis.
Current Issues in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Evaluation and Management

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an uncommon disease most often associated with occupational asbestos exposure and is steadily increasing in worldwide incidence. Patients typically present at an older age, with advanced clinical stage and other medical comorbidities, making management quite challenging. Despite great efforts, the prognosis of MPM remains poor, especially at progression after initial treatment. Macroscopic complete resection of MPM can be achieved through extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) or extended (ie, radical) pleurectomy (e-P/D) in selected patients and can result in prolonged survival when incorporated into a multimodality approach. Given the morbidity associated with surgical resection of MPM, optimizing identification of appropriate patients is essential. Unfortunately, most patients are not candidates for EPP or e-P/D due to advanced stage, age, and/or medical comorbidity. Pemetrexed and platinum combination chemotherapy has become the cornerstone of therapy for patients with unresectable disease because the combination is associated with improved survival and quality of life in treated patients. However, MPM eventually becomes resistant to initial therapy, and benefit to further lines of therapy has not been substantiated in randomized clinical trials. Translational research has provided exciting insights into tumorigenesis, biomarkers, and immune response in MPM, leading to the development of multiple novel therapeutic agents that are currently in clinical trials. These advances hold the promise of a new era in the treatment of MPM and suggest that this disease will not be left behind in the war on cancer.
Are Financial Markets Overly Optimistic about the Prospects of Firms That Issue Equity? Evidence from Voluntary versus Involuntary Equity Issuances by Banks

This paper examines firm performance around announcements of common stock issues. We study the banking industry in which some stock issues are made voluntarily by managers, and other issues are involuntary. We find that banks that voluntarily issue common stock experience a significant drop in the matched adjusted operating performance following the issue, a significant drop in benchmark firms’ adjusted stock prices following the issue, and systematically negative market reactions to post-issue quarterly earnings announcements. Banks that issue common stock involuntarily experience values for these measures that are not significantly different from those of the benchmark firm~s!.
Enrichment and isolation of a nitropropanol-metabolizing bacterium from the rumen

A bacterium capable of metabolizing nitropropanol, nitropropionate, and nitrate has been isolated from a mixed ruminal population enriched for enhanced rates of nitropropanol metabolism. The numbers of nitropropanol-metabolizing bacteria in mixed populations increased > 10,000-fold during enrichment; the rates of nitropropanol metabolism increased 8-fold. Hydrogen and phytone were important nutrients for nitropropanol metabolism.
Digital-Micromirror-Device Projection Printing System for Meniscus Tissue Engineering

Meniscus degeneration due to age or injury can lead to osteoarthritis. Although promising, current cell-based approaches show limited success. Here we present three-dimensional methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) scaffolds patterned via projection stereolithography to emulate the circumferential alignment of cells in native meniscus tissue. Cultured human avascular zone meniscus cells from normal meniscus were seeded on the scaffolds. Cell viability was monitored, and new tissue formation was assessed by gene expression analysis and histology after 2weeks in serum-free culture with transforming growth factor β1 (10ngml(-1)). Light, confocal and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe cell-GelMA interactions. Tensile mechanical testing was performed on unseeded, fresh scaffolds and 2-week-old cell-seeded and unseeded scaffolds. 2-week-old cell-GelMA constructs were implanted into surgically created meniscus defects in an explant organ culture model. No cytotoxic effects were observed 3weeks after implantation, and cells grew and aligned to the patterned GelMA strands. Gene expression profiles and histology indicated promotion of a fibrocartilage-like meniscus phenotype, and scaffold integration with repair tissue was observed in the explant model. We show that micropatterned GelMA scaffolds are non-toxic, produce organized cellular alignment, and promote meniscus-like tissue formation. Prefabrication of GelMA scaffolds with architectures mimicking the meniscus collagen bundle organization shows promise for meniscal repair. Furthermore, the technique presented may be scaled up to repair larger defects.
A genetic algorithm for the topology correction of cortical surfaces

We propose a technique to accurately correct the spherical topology of cortical surfaces. We construct a mapping from the original surface onto the sphere to detect topological defects as minimal non-homeomorphic regions. A genetic algorithm corrects each defect by finding the maximum-a-posteriori retessellation in a Bayesian framework. During the genetic search, incorrect vertices are iteratively identified and eliminated, while the optimal retessellation is constructed. Applied to synthetic and real data, our method generates optimal topological corrections with only a few iterations.
Explained Variance Measures for Multilevel Models

One challenge in using multilevel models is determining how to report the amount of explained variance. In multilevel models, explained variance can be reported for each level or for the total mode...
Understanding Images of Graphical User Interfaces: A New Approach to Activity Recognition for Visual Surveillance

A fundamental problem in surveillance systems is the specification of "activities of interest". While various activity recognition systems have been developed, they have used complex hand-coded representations. What is of interest to a particular surveillance system user can vary greatly, and the security forces using the system are not, in general, advanced computer users. This paper presents a novel paradigm for specifying and recognizing activities in a surveillance system by visualizing tracking results, and using computer vision techniques to interpret the images presented by their Graphical User Interfaces. Representation of activities of interest can be easily drawn by users. Not only is the drawing-based specification of activities of interest easier than previous approaches, but when a "rule" fires, it is easy to explain "why", by showing the operator the associated drawings. This approach also permits a new type of system integration, where we integrate the "display" of sensors rather than trying to develop a complex communication protocol. A user study is reviewed showing the proposed approach is thousands of time faster than HMMs for event definition while it is simultaneously more accurate in event recognition.
Overcoming obstacles: collaboration for change.

Effective diabetes care requires a partnership between prepared, proactive practice teams and informed, activated patients. Diabetes education helps to overcome many of the barriers to effective self-management by enabling people with diabetes to make informed decisions about their day-today self-care. Both psychosocial and health outcomes have been improved through a variety of training programmes; however, education must be coupled with ongoing self-management support if these benefits are to be sustained. The principal goal of diabetes education has undergone a major shift over the past few years ‐ evolving from primarily didactic interventions, focused on encouraging patients to adhere to the prescribed therapy, towards more interactive learning that supports people in making informed, self-directed decisions. It has become apparent that we need to reframe the patient ‐ care-giver relationship to reflect the fact that people with diabetes are central to their own care. Care-givers need to understand their patients’ goals and objectives for therapy so that both parties work towards the same goals. Patients also need to be informed about recommended metabolic and other parameters of quality diabetes care. Diabetes outcomes can then be improved through collaboration to identify barriers and to develop informed, individual and achievable treatment targets and self-care plans.
Northridge and Coupey Respond

The authors provide a response to the article entitled "Realizing Reproductive Health Equity Needs More Than Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC)" by A.C. Gubrium, E.S. Mann, S. Borrero, and others which appears in this issue of the journal and critiques the article "Realizing Reproductive Health Equity for Adolescents and Young Adults" which was published in a 2015 edition of the periodical. Social justice agendas, scientific evidence, and the American Academy of Pediatrics are examined.
Mechanical and Hormonal Mechanisms Influencing Skeletal Form

The rationale and methodology for an integrated computational/experimental study of the interaction of mechanical and hormonal influences on skeletal form has been described. An implementation of the ideas has been presented using a simple computational model of an idealized system. Realistic finite element models of rat tibiae under four point bending will be studied with the proposed adaptation models at a later date. By relating the results obtained from finite element analyses to specific experimental results for different treatment groups, we hope to generate statistically significant data concerning the interaction between osteogenic levels of mechanical loading and intermittent PTH treatment.
Increasing Teacher Mathematical Talk During Shared Book Reading in the Preschool Classroom: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACTResearch Findings: Shared book reading provides opportunities for adults to engage in literacy-related interactions with children in meaningful ways. Research has examined various dimensions of adult and child behavior during shared book-reading interactions with some focus on how book type affects the reading experience. Little research, however, has examined systematically the use of shared book reading in a mathematical context. Thus, the purpose of the study was twofold: (a) to examine the effect of book type on teacher use of mathematical talk during shared book reading in preschool classrooms and (b) to examine the effect of training teachers specifically to use mathematical talk during shared book reading. A multielement design with 2 female preschool teachers who taught in inclusion classrooms in an urban school district was used. Results generally indicated that the use of mathematical storybooks resulted in increased teacher mathematical talk compared to the use of nonmathematical storyb...
No One Can Hear Me Scream! The Integration of Expressive Therapy Techniques, Creative Processing of Countertransference Inductions and the Use of Metaphor in the Psychoanalytically Oriented Outpatient Treatment of a Woman Artist with Schizoaffective Disorder

(2010). No One Can Hear Me Scream! Psychoanalytic Perspectives: Vol. 7, Arts on the Couch, pp. 279-296.
Zero Creep Measurements of the Interfacial Free Energy of Ag/Ni Multilayers

The free energy γAgNi associated with an interface between layers of silver and nickel has been experimentally determined. Creep tests were conducted on multilayer thin films to determine the load at which the length of the film neither shrank nor stretched. The interfacial free energy was obtained from this zero creep load and microstructural data using a specific model for the grain boundary diffusional creep in multilayers.
Dielectric Property Study of Copper Ionic Migration at Insulation Layer on Metal Base PWB

金属べースプリント配線板の層方向に発生する銅イオンマイグレーションの発生プロセスを検討するため, 誘電特性 (絶縁抵抗R, 静電容量C, 誘電正接tanδ) による検出を試みるとともに課電時間ごとの観察を行った。その結果, (1) 当初マイグレーションにより絶縁抵抗Rは低下, 静電容量Cは増加すると考えられたが, 分極現象によりRは増加, Cは低下してしまうという逆の結果となり, 誘電特性からその成長を検出することはできなかった。 (2) 課電試験後に絶縁材料中のイオン分布を分析した結果, Cl, Sが電極近傍に偏在していることが確認され, 分極は解離イオンによるイオン分極が原因であることがわかった。なおイオン分極が顕著な材料ほどマイグレーションが発生しやすいことから, 誘電特性によってその発生, 成長メカニズムを検討するには, イオンの挙動を知ることがポイントと考えられる。
Agent Model of On-Orbit Servicing Based on Orbital Transfers

*† ‡ The amenability of satellites to on-orbit servicing (OOS) is assessed through the development of an agent-based model. With the context of a multi-year servicing campaign in the GEO (geosynchronous orbit) belt, OOS is treated as a multi-variable optimization problem with the principal trade of minimizing both ∆V (change in velocity) expenditures and transfer time. Assuming current launch vehicle, propulsion, and robotic technology for servicing vehicles, the focus in the model is on the serviceability of target satellites. Servicing vehicle operations are simulated over time, completing maneuvers as a function of pathdependent servicing operations. Primary outputs of the agent model are the cost of servicing (mean ∆V expenditure by servicing vehicle for satisfying tickets) and the performance of target satellites (availability for mission operations). Many interesting lessons emerged from the agent-based model of OOS with implications for both serviceability assessments of target satellites and servicing provider architecture. Most fundamentally, the high availability of GEO satellites in the model suggests that satellites work too well to stress a simple OOS system. Servicing vehicles were idle more than 90% of the time leading to a probability of two or more servicing vehicles conducting missions simultaneously of less than 1%. OOS business models need to balance the attraction of GEO due to the high concentration of valuable spacecraft and friendly orbital dynamics with the high-reliability of GEO satellites launched over the past two decades. Nomenclature a phase = Semi major axis of the phasing orbit for the servicer target a = Semi major axis of the target satellite orbit k servicer = Number of phasing revolutions of the servicer k t arg et = Number of phasing revolutions of the target satellite
Phase Diagram Relationships in the Ternary System Ti-Ai-V

Liquid-solid and solid state phase equilibria in the ternary system Ti-Al-V have been studied using a combination of several experimental techniques. A likely surface of primary seperation (i.e., the liquidus surface) is proposed in the form of the usual projection on the triangular base and the directions of the monovariant lines are defined. Four ternary invariant reactions have been identified in this system. Solid state equilibria have been determined at 900°C and are presented in the form of an isothermal section through the phase diagram. These are very similar to the relationships reported at 800°C by Hashimoto et al. [1].
An Approach to Trigonometric Inequalities

(1970). An Approach to Trigonometric Inequalities. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 254-257.
The Common Mission Automation Services Interface

The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) has developed a cross-platform language used by simulations, ground control stations, and UAV automation software in order to represent UAV missions and subsequently command UAV teams to prosecute those missions. The Common Mission Automation Services Interface (CMASI) allows common exchange of relevant mission data between software components. Similar to other interface description languages, CMASI uses a binary protocol to serialize pre-defined packets of information. The packet can be shared between software components and de-serialized to read and interpret the contained information. The protocol is supported in multiple computer languages and permits seamless data sharing between components on the same computer or over an IP network.
10th Street Substation Excavation of the Acequia Madre (41BX8), San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas

The acequias or irrigation systems were an important factor in the early history of San Antonio. One of the earliest of these was the Acequia Madre (41 BX 8) or Mother Ditch. Recently, proposed construction by City Publ ic Service at the 10th Street Substation was expected to encounter the course of the acequia, thus requiring archaeological investigation. Excavation of a section of the acequia with a backhoe and archival research revealed new information about the history of this ancient waterway.
Value of Colposcope in Diagnoses of Early Stage Cervical Cancer and Precancerous Lesion

Objective To investigate the value of colposcope in the diagnoses of early stage cervical cancer and precancerous lesion. Methods Clinical data of 470 patients diagnosed by electronic colposcope with biopsy in jiangxi maternal and child health hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Taking cervix pathological examination as a gold standard,among all the cases,120 patients with early stage cervical cancer and precancerous lesion were proved by cervix biopsy under colposcope,350 Patients with non-cerrical cancer and precancerous lesion.All evaluating indicators of colposcopy examination were analyzed by diagnostic test fourfold table. Results The sensitivity and specificity of colposcope for diagnosing the early stage cervical cancer and precancerous lesion were 80.83% and 91.43%,respectively. With the increase of lesion degree,the positive rate of colposcopy diagnosis increased. Conclusion Electronic colposcope is valuable for the early stage cervical cancer and precancerous lesion diagnoses and the cervical cancer screening.
Swallowing Disorders: Diagnosis and Medical Treatment

Esophageal dysfunction can lead to swallowing problems, chest pain, and aspiration. The approach to patients with gastroesophageal reflux is outlined. Most such patients can be managed with dietary measures and medications. Recent clinical studies are extensively reviewed. Evaluation and treatment of dysmotilities such as achalasia and esophageal spasm are presented. Esophageal infections and systemic diseases that affect the esophagus are also discussed.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Thermal Conductivity in Insulating Glasses

In amorphous solids anharmonicity may either decrease thermal conductivity, as in crystals, due to increased phonon-phonon scattering, or it may increase K by permitting localized vibrational modes to interact among themselves or with extended modes.
Monetary Theory and Policy

In order to isolate a field of study clearly enough demarcated to be usefully surveyed, it is necessary to define monetary theory as comprising theories concerning the influence of the quantity of money in the economic system, and monetary policy as policy employing the central bank’s control of the supply of money as an instrument for achieving the objectives of general economic policy. In surveying the field thus narrowly defined fourteen years ago, Henry Villard [123] began by remarking on the relative decline in the significance attached to it as compared with the offshoot fields of business cycle and fiscal (income and employment) theory, a decline related to the experience of the 1930’s, the intellectual impact of Keynes’s General Theory [66], and the inhibiting effects of the wartime expansion of public debt on monetary policy. While this division of labor has continued, and has indeed been accentuated by the emergence of the cross-cutting field of economic growth and development as an area of specialization, the field of money has been increasingly active and has received increasing attention in the past fourteen years.
A content analysis of physical activity in TV shows popular among adolescents

Purpose: Previous research has demonstrated that television has the potential to influence youth behaviors, but little evidence exists on how television depicts physical activity (PA), an important public health priority for youth. This mixed-methods study investigated depictions of television characters' participation in PA in the top 25 favorite shows ranked by a diverse sample of 2,793 adolescents. Method: Randomly selected episodes from each show were content-analyzed for PA incidents, reasons, and context and in relation to the gender and weight status of participating characters. Results: A total of 374 incidents of PA were coded across 75 episodes, with an average of 5.0 incidents per episode. Although male and female characters were equally likely to engage in at least 1 incident of PA, male characters were involved in a statistically significantly larger proportion of PA incidents than were female characters, and they were more likely to engage in PA for competitive sport. There was no statistica...
Direct Arylation Polycondensation of 2,5-Dithienylsilole with a Series of Difluorobenzodiimine-Based Electron Acceptors

This paper describes the use of direct arylation polymerization (DArP) reaction to synthesize three new 2,5-dithienylsilole polymers with a series of difluorobenzodiimine-based electron acceptors: 5,6-difluoro[2,1,3]benzothiadiazole (DFBT), 5,6-difluoro[2,1,3]benzoselenadiazole (DFBSe), and 5,6-difluoro[2,1,3]benzotriazole (DFBTA). The Stille cross-coupling polycondensation reaction was performed to confirm the structural quality of the polymers; however, only low molecular weight oligomers were obtained. This result demonstrates the power of the DArP method to prepare polymers containing strong electron-deficient monomers. During our investigation, it was found that Fagnou’s condition did not produce polymers, whereas the condition reported by Ozawa and co-workers gave polymers with moderate molecular weights. This is the first known example of the synthesis of 2,5-dithienylsilole-containing polymers by the DArP. Our polymers have reduced band gaps (<2.0 eV), and P1 provided hole mobility values in the r...
Abstract WMP1: Factors Influencing Differential Outcomes in Stent Retriever Trials: Comparison to a new Outcome Model Based on Percent Utilization of rt-PA

Background: While stent-retriever randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were uniformly positive, their designs differed. Here, we assessed whether trials also differed in the magnitude of improvement a...
Plant Growth and NOx-N in Leachate from Dieffenbachia maculata ‘Camille’

Abstract Dieffenbachia ‘Camille’ liners were planted and grown until “ready-for-market” in 1.6 liter pots containing Vergro Container Mix A without superphosphate. Plants were fertilized (FR) using 4, 8, 12, or 16 g 19N-2.6P-10K (0.14, 0.28, 0.42 or 0.56 oz 19–6–12) Osmocote 3-month release formula and were irrigated (IF) one, two or three times per week. Experiments were conducted during cooler months (20 weeks, January–May) and also during warmer months (13 weeks, June–September). Medium leachate samples were collected weekly for the duration of each experiment. Plant grade and top fresh weight (growth parameters) during the winter responded to an interaction between treatments (FR × IF). During the summer experiment, growth parameters were affected only by IF and were greatest at 3 irrigations per week. Weekly leachate characteristics (pH and electrical conductivity [EC], and P, NH4-N and NOx-N content) were affected only by FR, with increased fertilizer generally resulting in leachate with decreased p...
Black Body Being-in-Weirdness in the Academy

This chapter describes a 'fleshpoint' of a moment one Black female PhD student (Keitha-Gail) experienced living-in-weirdness in a doctoral seminar. The chapter captures what happens when the racialized body is expected to operate in an all-white space in the academy. To philosophize this bodily phenomenon, the authors draw on the work of Frantz Fanon and Sara Ahmed to tell a story of the Black body being distanced from itself under the White gaze. The Black body has the capacity to discern when it is being historized. The Black body carries with it legends, stories, and myths of its ancestors. The knowledge that is stored in the Black body is active; it operates in the subconscious and can be felt in the flesh.
Determining the Effectiveness of an Alcohol Intervention Program With Greek College Students

The authors examined the perception of college students from Greek organizations on the effectiveness of an alcohol intervention program that included gender-specific programming. Significant reductions in risky alcohol use were found in men who attended and evaluated the program as helpful.
The Aboriginal trauma narrative and Roeg’s Walkabout

ABSTRACTMarshall’s Walkabout and Nicolas Roeg’s adaptation of that novel appeared at different points in Aboriginal trauma narrative constructions. Works often appear before a trauma narrative is complete. In this article, I employ an analysis of the imperial gaze as a way of evaluating the two works. I investigate Nicolas Roeg’s 1971 adaptation of the novel in the context of the evolving Australian Aboriginal trauma narrative and also in the context of the Aboriginal narrative being one narrative among many in the larger global civil rights narrative. The source novel is itself the product of a stage in the Aboriginal trauma narrative. As the trauma narrative evolves, it opens up new definitions of the experience represented in the novel. Roeg examines and engages these developments in his adaptation. Roeg revises the racial and domestic logic of the novel, exposing its civil rights ethics as a product of arrested development. His film is best understood if one understands that it exists as part of the b...
The Neglected Links between Marital Support and Marital Satisfaction

There is an assumption, largely unexamined, that spouses’ assessments of marital satisfaction often involve considerations of social support from their partners (Fincham & Bradbury, 1990). If this assumption is true, then spouses’ perceptions of social support available from their partners should be related to their marital satisfaction. Surprisingly, there have been very few studies that test this prediction. Thus, as the title of this chapter suggests, the link between marital support and satisfaction has been neglected. Furthermore, marital status is sometimes used as an index of social support without assessing the extent to which the partners in the relationship perceive the marriage to be supportive (for discussions of the pitfalls of this practice see Coyne & De Longis, 1986; Fincham & Bradbury, 1990; Leatham & Duck, 1990). The literature on marriage has “virtually ignored the role of the support that spouses get from and give to each other in determining marital outcomes” (Julien & Markman, 1991, p. 549). The social support literature has also virtually ignored the link between social support and marital outcomes (McGonagle, Kessler, & Schilling, 1992). Thus, two areas of research (marriage and social support) that have become natural topics for the study of close relationships have hardly begun to tap their potential to inform one another (Acitelli & Antonucci, 1994).
Chronic furosemide administration blunts renal BOLD magnetic resonance response to an acute furosemide stimulus in patients being evaluated for renal artery revascularization

Background Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance (MR) is a novel imaging tool that is able to detect tissue oxygenation and has recently been utilized to evaluate renal function in patients with renal artery stenosis (RAS). Renal BOLD imaging is typically performed before and after a furosemide stimulus to assess kidney viability. Furosemide blocks the sodium-potassium2chloride transporter, an oxygen-dependent process, in the ascending loop of Henle located in the renal medulla. Presumably, kidneys that are able to decrease oxygen consumption and increase BOLD (T2*) signal in response to furosemide would be viable and benefit from revascularization procedures. A standard dose of 20mg of intravenous (IV) furosemide is administered to evaluate renal responsiveness (increased T2* signal intensity) and viability. However, little is known about the effect of prior exposure to furosemide on the ability of BOLD MR techniques to evaluate renal function.
Illusions of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism

This volume was born of a joint British Academy/University of St. Andrews Symposium on “9/11: Ten Years On,” held in London on September 2, 2011. Although it took quite some time to get the book in...
System-Level Demonstration of a Dynamically Reconfigured Burst-Mode Link Using a Nanosecond Si-Photonic Switch

Using a novel FPGA-based network emulator, microsecond-scale packets with 12.5–20-Gb/s data are generated, routed through a nanosecond Si-photonic switch, and received in a fast-locking burst-mode receiver. Error-free links with <382-ns system-level switching are shown.
Grain Boundary Precipitation and Fracture Behavior of Al–Cu–Li Alloys

Several microstructural factors have been proposed to explain the intergranular fracture exhibited by Al alloys, including grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) and precipitate free zones (PFZs), Li segregation at grain boundaries, and planar slip producing high stress concentration at grain boundaries. We present here the nature of grain boundary precipitate and the interfacial characteristics of precipitate matrix interface of Al–3Cu–2Li and Al-8090 alloys using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The fracture surfaces for both alloys are intergranular in nature. We show that the grain boundary microstructural feature, particularly the grain boundary precipitate matrix interface, is mostly responsible for dictating the fracture behavior.
A Theology of Accommodation as a Resource for Integrating Youth and Children into Intergenerational Church

This paper argues that a theology of accommodation can provide help to those wishing to integrate youth and children into an intergenerational local church. It will be demonstrated that God's accom...
In-situ high-energy X-ray characterization of neutron irradiated HT-UPS stainless steel under tensile deformation

Abstract The tensile deformation behavior of a high-temperature, ultrafine-precipitate strengthened (HT-UPS) stainless steel was characterized in-situ with high-energy X-ray diffraction at 20 and 400 °C. The HT-UPS samples were neutron irradiated to 3 dpa at 400 °C. Significant irradiation hardening and ductility loss were observed at both temperatures. Lattice strain evolutions of the irradiated samples showed a strong linear response up to near the onset of the macroscopic yield, in contrast to the unirradiated HT-UPS which showed a pronounced non-linear behavior well below the macroscopic yield. While the room-temperature diffraction elastic moduli in the longitudinal direction increased after irradiation, the 400 °C moduli were similar before and after irradiation. The evolution of the {200} lattice strain parallel to the loading axis ( e { 200 } L ) showed unique characteristics: in the plastic regime, the evolution of e { 200 } L after yield is temperature-dependent in the unirradiated specimens but temperature-independent in the irradiated specimens; and the value of e { 200 } L at the yield is an irradiation-sensitive, temperature-independent parameter. The evolution of e { 200 } L corresponds well with the dislocation density evolution, and is an effective probe of the deformation-induced long-range internal stresses in the HT-UPS steel.
The effects of systole on left ventricular blood flow.

Coronary artery flow is complex. Flow in this system is divided into systolic and diastolic. However, systolic flow should be divided into two phases, isovolumetric and the ejection phase, since these two components are determined by completely different parameters. Flow through the myocardium is affected by the close mechanical coupling between myocytes and capillaries effected by the array of collagen struts and their disposition. This latter provides the anatomic arrangement that makes possible the integrated “massaging” effect postulated by Wiggers (26).
Optimizing the Role of Surgery and Radiation Therapy in Urethral Cancer Based on Histology and Disease Extent.

Purpose Urethral cancer is rare, with limited data guiding treatment. A national hospital-based registry was used to evaluate the role of local therapy in these patients. Methods and Materials We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who, between 2004 and 20013, received a diagnosis of T0-4N0-2 M0 urethral cancer. Local therapy was radiation therapy (RT), surgery (S), or S and RT (S+RT). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the impact of therapy type on overall survival (primary endpoint). Subgroup analysis by extent of disease (early stage [T0-2 N0] vs locally advanced [T3+ or N+]) and histology was performed. Results In our study, 2614 patients had a median follow-up of 28 months. Three-year overall survival was 54%. In 501 patients with locally advanced disease, S+RT was associated with improved survival versus S alone (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42-0.80). There was no difference for patients with squamous cell carcinoma by treatment type, but patients with adenocarcinoma (RT vs S: HR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.07-0.60) or transitional cell carcinoma (S+RT vs S: HR 0.45, 95% CI, 0.26-0.77) had improved OS with RT as part of treatment. In 1705 early-stage patients, there was no association with survival when comparing S+RT versus S. Conclusions For patients with locally advanced disease and transitional cell carcinoma undergoing S, the addition of RT is associated with improved overall survival and should be considered. An RT-based approach may be preferred for adenocarcinoma, but there was no clear association with survival by therapy type for squamous cell carcinoma. This study is hypothesis generating; prospective trials are necessary.
Addition of eltrombopag to immunosuppressive therapy in patients with newly diagnosed aplastic anemia

Background The immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells is implicated in the pathophysiology of aplastic anemia (AA). Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) using antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine is successful in this setting. Eltrombopag is active in patients with refractory AA, presumably by increasing the bone marrow progenitors. Methods This phase 2 trial initially was designed to evaluate standard IST in newly diagnosed patients with severe AA and later was amended to add eltrombopag to simultaneously address immune destruction and stem cell depletion. The primary outcome was the overall response rate (ORR) at 3 months and 6 months. Results A total of 38 patients were enrolled: 17 (45%) received IST alone and 21 (55%) received additional eltrombopag. The ORR was 74%. Patients receiving IST plus eltrombopag had a similar ORR (76% vs 71%; P = .72), complete remission rate (38% vs 29%; P = .73), and median time to response (84 days vs 57 days; P = .30) compared with those receiving IST alone. The 2-year overall survival rate in the IST group was 91% compared with 82% for those patients treated with IST plus eltrombopag (P = .82). No cumulative toxicities were noted after the addition of eltrombopag. Conclusions The addition of eltrombopag to standard IST was well tolerated and resulted in similar responses.
Ransomware Detection Using Limited Precision Deep Learning Structure in FPGA

We propose a fast ransomware detection method using Memory-Assisted-Stochastic-Dynamic-Fixed-Point arithmetic using a four-layer Deep Belief Network (DBN) structure. The method stores random bit-streams in memory to produce efficient cross-correlation for the stochastic computation in FPGA. The memory technique for stochastic computation with dynamic fixed-point arithmetic trains the Deep Belief Network (DBN) to detect ransomwares with 91% precision rate and detection speed of.006ms. The method represents a promising step toward improving ransomware detection in devices with limited power and memory resources such as the Internet of Things (IoTs).
An extension of the fewest switches surface hopping algorithm to complex Hamiltonians and photophysics in magnetic fields: Berry curvature and “magnetic” forces

We present a preliminary extension of the fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm to the case of complex Hamiltonians as appropriate for modeling the dynamics of photoexcited molecules in magnetic fields. We make ansatze for the direction of momentum rescaling, and we account for Berry’s phase effects through “magnetic” forces as applicable in the adiabatic limit. Because Berry’s phase is a nonlocal, topological characteristic of a set of entangled potential energy surfaces, we find that Tully’s local FSSH algorithm can only partially capture the correct physics.We present a preliminary extension of the fewest switches surface hopping (FSSH) algorithm to the case of complex Hamiltonians as appropriate for modeling the dynamics of photoexcited molecules in magnetic fields. We make ansatze for the direction of momentum rescaling, and we account for Berry’s phase effects through “magnetic” forces as applicable in the adiabatic limit. Because Berry’s phase is a nonlocal, topological characteristic of a set of entangled potential energy surfaces, we find that Tully’s local FSSH algorithm can only partially capture the correct physics.
Beyond PaO2: Relationships between Indices of Pulmonary Oxygen Transfer in Hospitalized Adults Undergoing Blood Gas Testing

The arterial partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood reveals limited information about pulmonary oxygen transfer. In 989 hospitalized patients undergoing arterial blood gas testing, we compared conventional indices of oxygen transfer: (1) P(A-a) O2 (A-a); (2) PaO2/PAO2 (a/A); and (3) the P/F ratio Nine hundred twenty-five of the patients were receiving supplemental oxygen therapy (FIO2 .24-1.00) and 65 were breathing room air. In patients receiving supplemental O2, the a/A ratio closely correlated with the P/F ratio (r = .98 to .99); the A-a O2 difference did not correlate as closely with the a/A ratio (r = -.77 to -.85) or with the P/F ratio (r = -.72 to -.80). In those breathing room air (FIO2 .21), the a/A ratio was closely and inversely correlated with the A-a difference (r= -.97 to -.98); correlations between the a/A and P/F ratios (r=.88 to .89) and between the P/F ratio and A-a O2 difference (r = -.78 to -.79) were less robust. We conclude that the a/A ratio is the preferred oxygen transfer parameter over the wide range of FIO2 levels encountered clinically.
Two New Changes to the Reviewing Process

Excerpt] I am using this issue's editorial to describe some of the changes I have made to the review process for the Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly. I have come to the decision to make these changes based on feedback I have received from my editorial board, comments from authors, letters and phone calls from readers, and remarks made by my colleagues here at the Hotel School at Cornell. While, like any editor, I constantly reevaluate the way articles go through the submission process, the nature of the changes I am making do merit some particular mention. All of these changes went into effect in the beginning of 2004.
Have Treatment Studies of Depression Become Even Less Generalizable? Applying the Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria in Placebo-Controlled Antidepressant Efficacy Trials Published over 20 Years to a Clinical Sample.

BACKGROUND Antidepressants are amongst the most frequently prescribed medications. More than a decade ago, our clinical research group applied a prototypic set of inclusion/exclusion criteria used in an antidepressant efficacy trial (AET) to patients presenting for treatment in our outpatient practice and found that most patients would not qualify for the trial. In the present report from the Rhode Island Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services (MIDAS) project, we apply the psychiatric inclusion/exclusion criteria used in 158 placebo-controlled studies to a large sample of depressed patients who presented for outpatient treatment to determine the range and extent of the representativeness of samples treated in AETs and whether this has changed over time. METHOD We applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria used in 158 AETs to 1,271 patients presenting to an outpatient practice who received a principal diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The patients underwent a thorough diagnostic evaluation. RESULTS Across all 158 studies, the percentage of patients that would have been excluded ranged from 44.4 to 99.8% (mean = 86.1%). The percentage of patients that would have been excluded was significantly higher in the studies published in 2010 through 2014 compared to the studies published from 1995 to 2009 (91.4 vs. 83.8%, t(156) = 3.74, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Only a minority of depressed patients seen in clinical practice are likely to be eligible for most AETs. The generalizability of AETs has decreased over time. It is unclear how generalizable the results of AETs are to patients treated in real-world clinical practice.
The 2017 Trump Administration Travel Ban and International Graduate Applications at Two Texas Public Universities.

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the Trump administration ban on individuals from 7 Muslim-majority countries (i.e., Executive Order 13769), influenced prospective international graduate applicants to two Texas institutions. Inferential statistical procedures revealed the presence of a statistically significant, sharp decline in international graduate applicants, particularly from Muslim-majority countries. From Fall 2016 to Fall 2018, international graduate applicants from non-Muslim-majority countries declined 18.36%. Over this same time period, applicants from Muslim-majority countries declined 33.37%. Most notably, applicants from the 7 countries targeted in the travel ban declined 53.93%. Concerns clearly exist regarding the effects of this travel ban on international student mobility. Implications of these findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Emotions, Interactions, and Institutions in Preschool Teaching

Between Teaching and Caring in the Preschool: Talk, Interaction, and the Preschool Teacher Identity By John C Pruit (Lexington Books, 2019) Due to school closures and shelter-in-place orders - both necessary measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic - parents around the world were forced in 2020 to provide full time care as well as educational instruction to their own children while also trying to work from home or cope with the loss of their employment But his findings also point to promising avenues of future research on preschool teachers' professional culture, a culture that likely possesses both similarities and key differences with that of K-12 teachers Much of the scholarship on teachers in the sociology of education focuses on K-12 teachers, and Pruit's book signals that greater attention to preschool teachers could be very fruitful, especially with regard to emotional socialization [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Symbolic Interaction is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
Evaluation of LY573144 (lasmiditan) in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache

BackgroundMedication overuse is a significant issue that complicates the treatment of headache disorders. The most effective medications for the acute treatment of migraine all have the capacity to...