cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SUPREME: a cancer subtype prediction methodology integrating multiple biological datatypes using graph convolutional neural networks

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, and cancer-specific networks are still not fully demystified. With increasing technology, various biological datasets from cancer tissues have been generated to better characterize the cancer biology. Using these datasets, subtypes of various cancers have been discovered and cancer subtype prediction tools have been developed. Several of the cancer subtype prediction studies rely only on one type of biological dataset such as gene expression, mutation, microRNA expression, and DNA methylation. However, each of these data types explain a unique aspect of the underlying biology and thus developing integrative computational methods have been an important problem in bioinformatics. Deep learning has the ability to find the significant relations in high-dimensional data. Getting benefit of deep learning, Graph Convolutional Neural Network (GCNN) was developed recently to model data by performing convolution in non-Euclidean domains like graphs and have been applied in many studies. In this study, we aim to develop a cancer subtype prediction methodology called SUPREME that will integrate multiple types of biological data to predict subtypes of cancer patients. Our objective is to deduce the signals from different biological datasets considering the patient similarities with GCNN and integrate the datatype-specific signals to predict the cancer subtypes of patients. We did preliminary analysis using 1022 breast cancer patients along with gene expression, copy number aberration, mutation, and DNA methylation from The Cancer Genome Atlas project. We generated individual networks and trained GCNN models for each network separately. Our preliminary results showed that individual networks had good prediction power as compared to multilayer perceptron even before integration step. This motivated us to analyze these networks more deeply and integrate them getting benefit of convolution and all the datatypes at once, potentially leading to more accurate models.
Reflections on systemism, Canadian foreign policy and international relations

This special issue of CFPJ has introduced systemism, a graphic approach to the study of Canadian foreign policy and International Relations (IR). It is beyond the scope of this final essay to cover...
Multistatic versus Multi-Monostatic Nearfield Millimeter-Wave Imaging of Dielectrics on Ground Planes for Body Scanning Security Sensing

Microwave nearfield imaging is useful for security applications as it safe, non-invasive and penetrates clothing. The phase details of the radar measurements are essential for reconstructing images of metal or dielectric objects which may be hidden on the body. In this paper, we model the body as a flat perfect electrical conductor (PEC) 20 cm in radius. The threat is a cylindrical explosive "puck" 50 mm in radius and 37 mm thick with the dielectric properties of TNT. The body-with-target is probed by 31 millimeter-wave wideband (10-40 GHz) transmitting radar units, each modeled as a right-circularly polarized (RCP) point source, which all lie on an arc in front of the body in the plane of Figure 1 . Thirty-one point source receivers are co-located with the transmitters. The 2½ Dimensional Quasi-Axisymmetric Finite Difference Frequency Domain (2.5D QAFDFD) computational code [1] , which solves the full 3D Helmholtz equation for arbitrary sources in axisymmetric geometries, is used to determine the cross-polarized received fields everywhere in space and particularly in the plane of the arc formed by the sources. This full wave computational tool can accurately model the corner, edge, diffraction and dielectric effects which are not fully captured by ray-based or physical optics methods.
Heterogeneity among the flavin-containing NADH peroxidases of group D streptococci. Analysis of the enzyme from Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 9790.

Polyclonal antisera prepared against the purified NADH peroxidase from Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 9790 (Enterococcus hirae) do not cross-react with the ATCC 11700 enzyme. Comparative tryptic maps of the two proteins indicate that the differences in primary structures extend beyond those localized to respective antigenic epitopes. Alignments of the NH2-terminal and active-site cysteinyl peptide sequences of the two streptococcal peroxidases reveal identities of 50 and 67% in the respective overlap regions. Dithionite titrations of the ATCC 9790 enzyme reveal a separation in potentials (E2 - E1) for the nonflavin and flavin redox centers of 39 mV, a value nearly 50 mV lower than that observed with the ATCC 11700 peroxidase. Despite these changes in redox behavior NADH titrations of the ATCC 9790 enzyme give rise to both EH2 and EH2.NADH species as previously observed. The enzyme turnover number with hydrogen peroxide is approximately 60% that of the ATCC 11700 peroxidase; the ATCC 9790 peroxidase is also inhibited during turnover with ethyl hydroperoxide. These findings suggest that the flavoprotein NADH peroxidases may exhibit greater diversity among the group D streptococci than previously observed with the widely distributed enzymes of the related flavoprotein disulfide reductase class.
The origin of acoustic noise in variable-reluctance motors

The authors study the origin of acoustic noise in inverter-driven variable reluctance motors (VRMs). A brief discussion of several hypothetical noise sources is given. These sources are investigated by performing a series of stationary and rotational experiments on a 1/2 hp VRM. The experiments show that resonant vibrations of the stator induced by radial magnetic forces in the motor are responsible for most of the acoustic noise. A method for predicting the stator's resonant frequencies and mode shapes is outlined and evaluated. A model of the VRM for predicting the radial acceleration of the stator is presented. Preliminary results from this model are presented. >
Vitellogenin synthesis by the fat body of the mosquito Aedes aegypti: Evidence for transcriptional control

Synthesis of vitellogenin (yolk protein) by the fat body of Aedes aegypti is triggered by the blood meal. Total RNA of the fat body begins to rise 2 hr post blood meal (PBM) and increases 3-fold by 12 hr. Vitellogenin synthesis is detectable 3–4 hr PBM, and reaches a peak by 28 hr PBM. After 28 hr PBM both total RNA and the ability to synthesize vitellogenins fall precipitously. Actinomycin D at 10 μg/ml inhibits RNA synthesis by about 90%, but does not inhibit in vitro synthesis of tissue proteins. At this concentration of actinomycin, vitellogenin synthesis remains constant in vitro for up to 6 hr, suggesting the presence of a relatively long-lived messenger RNA. When injected into mosquitoes, actinomycin prevents the normal increase in the rate of vitellogenin synthesis but allows synthesis to proceed at the rate occurring at the time of injection. The results suggest that the blood meal triggers the synthesis of both messenger and ribosomal RNA necessary for later vitellogenin synthesis.
La educación entre la inmigración y el nacionalismo (1884-1930)

Inmigracion y nacionalismo estan asociados estrechamente en los primeros periodos del Territorio Nacional deI Neuquen a ''Ia cuestion chilena". La mencion recurrente y el especial tratamiento de Ia misma en Ia prensa de Ia epoca, asi corno en Ia documentacion escolar de Ias escuelas rurales, motivo el interes por profundizar Ia tematica enunciada. La casi exclusiva presencia de pobladores chilenos en Ia region y su fuerte resistencia a Ia aculturacion convirtio a Ia poblacion chilena, en el imaginario de los docentes y de Ia prensa, en una poblacion problema, frente al esfuerzo de homogeneizacion de Ia escuela del Estado argentino. Estos grupos etnicos estuvieron subordinados, y postergados en el concierto de Ia politica local y nacional, al ser considerados causantes de "Ia chilenizacion" de Ia cultura argentina. Palabras-clave: historia de la educacion, nacionalismo, inmigracion. Abstract During the first periods or the National Territory or Neuquen, inmigration and nacionalism were closely related to the "chilean issue". The interest in considering the topic previously mentioned, comes from perceiving the recurrency with which the issue appeared in the press and scholary documents or rural school during that period, and the special consideration it was given. The almost exclusive presence or chilean inhabitants in the region and their strong resistence, to be incorporated in the dominant culture, made them a ''problematic population" in the light of the purpose or homogenity the argentinian state sought for schools. These ethnic groups were subordinated and relegated within the local and national politics, because they were considered responsible or ''Ia chilenizacion" or the argentine culture. Keywords: history education, nacionalism, inmigration.
An agent-based model of a distributed IN platform

This paper presents an agent-based model for a distributed intelligent network platform. The aim is to present a general model and then to illustrate the applicability of the general model through a case study involving a set of specific IN services. The following IN targeted services are chosen: call waiting (CW); call forwarding; originating call screening (OCS); terminating call screening (TCS); completion of calls to busy subscriber (CCBS); universal access number (UAN); call distribution (CD); and mobility services. This paper identifies the service agents for the support of the above mentioned services and explains the configuration of these agents in the service platform. The interaction between the agents to support individual services is presented. It is proposed that the IN service platform can be layered on top of a common distributed processing platform such as CORBA.
Apicoaortic Valved Conduits for Complex Left Ventricular Outflow Obstruction: Technical Considerations and Current Status

Abstract The surgical considerations, clinical follow-up, and hemodynamic data for 23 patients (age range, 4 months to 80 years) who underwent insertion of a porcinevalved apicoaortic conduit between December, 1976, and June, 1983, are reviewed. All patients had complex forms of left ventricular outflow obstruction. All were symptomatic, and 18 had had 23 prior attempts at surgical relief of the obstruction. There was a total of 6 deaths (26%); 2 were in small children with other complex cardiac malformations, and 2 others in patients who required emergency operation for acute cardiac decompensation. Sixteen patients have had cardiac catheterization 1 to 1.5 years postoperatively, and a reduction in the resting left ventricular–aortic gradient from 91 ± 30 to 13 ± 8 mm Hg was demonstrated ( p
Peptide Epitope Identification by Affinity Selection on Bacteriophage MS2 Virus-Like Particles

Filamentous phages are now the most widely used vehicles for phage display and provide efficient means for epitope identification. However, the peptides they display are not very immunogenic because they normally fail to present foreign epitopes at the very high densities required for efficient B-cell activation. Meanwhile, systems based on virus-like particles (VLPs) permit the engineered high-density display of specific epitopes but are incapable of peptide library display and affinity selection. We developed a new peptide display platform based on VLPs of the RNA bacteriophage MS2. It combines the high immunogenicity of MS2 VLPs with the affinity selection capabilities of other phage display systems. Here, we describe plasmid vectors that facilitate the construction of high-complexity random sequence peptide libraries on MS2 VLPs and that allow control of the stringency of affinity selection through the manipulation of display valency. We used the system to identify epitopes for several previously characterized monoclonal antibody targets and showed that the VLPs thus obtained elicit antibodies in mice whose activities mimic those of the selecting antibodies.
The Luminal N‐Terminus of Yeast Nvj1 is an Inner Nuclear Membrane Anchor

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is largely divided between perinuclear and cortical compartments. Yeast Nvj1 localizes exclusively to small patches on the perinuclear ER where it interacts with Vac8 in the vacuole membrane to form nucleus–vacuole (NV) junctions. Three regions of Nvj1 mediate the biogenesis of NV junctions. A membrane-spanning domain targets the protein to the ER. The C-terminus binds Vac8 in the vacuole membrane, which induces the clustering of both proteins into NV junctions. The luminal N-terminus is required for strict perinuclear localization. Three-dimensional cryo-electron tomography reveals that Nvj1 clamps the separation between the two nuclear membranes to half the width of bulk nuclear envelope. The N-terminus contains a hydrophobic sequence bracketed by basic residues that resembles outer mitochondrial membrane signal-anchors. The hydrophobic sequence can be scrambled or reversed without affecting function. Mutations that reduce the hydrophobicity of the core sequence or affect the distribution of basic residues cause mislocalization to the cortical ER. We conclude that the N-terminus of Nvj1 is a retention sequence that bridges the perinuclear lumen and inserts into the inner nuclear membrane.
Parasites of Centrarchidae from Southern Florida

Abstract The paper reports a preliminary study of the parasites of eight species of fish of the family Centrarchidae. Centrarchids were numerous and widely distributed in the waters from which specimens were secured for examination. These fish along with the predaceous gars made up a dominant group in most areas visited. Of the 516 Centrarchidae examined, 513 or 99.4 per cent were parasitized. This percentage of infestation is higher than that found in the same species from northern waters. Fewer species of parasites were found in the Florida centrarchids. Larval encysted nematodes, strigeid flukes and gill finkes made up a majority of the parasites. Cestodes were taken much less frequently than from northern fish. The parasites of the following species are discussed: largemonth black bass, Huro salmoides; warmouth bass, Chaenobryttus gulosus; bluegill, Helioperca macrochira; black crappie, Pomoxis sparoides; blue-spotted sunfish, Enneacanthus gloriosus; stump-knocker, Eupomotis microlophus; black-spotted...
You May be Relaxing ... But the Microbes Are Not

Review of : Infections of Leisure , 4th edition; David Schlossberg, editor; (2009) . ASM Press, Washington, D.C. 431 pages.
Performance obstacles for direct and indirect labour in high technology manufacturing

Abstract Performance obstacles are factors in the work environment that restrict productivity by inhibiting employees in the execution of task responsibilities. In spite of their apparent importance, little research has been done to describe, categorize, or assess these obstacles. A research project carried out in 12 United States electronics firms demonstrates that employees in two groups (circuit board assemblers and manufacturing engineers) view performance obstacles as having a significant influence on their performance. Materials and information obstacles emerged as being the most important to the circuit board assemblers. For the engineers, information and control/authority were the most important obstacle categories. Managers tended to agree with circuit board assemblers about the importance of obstacles for that employee group. However, managers tended to disagree with the engineers, giving lower ratings of importance than the engineers did in several categories. The research provides a step towar...
Lean, six sigma and lean sigma: fads or real process improvement methods?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore if six sigma and lean are new methods, or if they are repackaged versions of previously popular methods – total quality management (TQM) and just‐in‐time (JIT).Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on a critical comparison of lean with JIT and six sigma with TQM, a study of the measure of the publication frequency – the number of academic articles published every year of the previous 30 years – for each topic, and a review of critical success factors (CSF) for change efforts.Findings – The more recent concepts of lean and six sigma have mainly replaced – but not necessarily added to – the concepts of JIT and TQM. lean and six sigma are essentially repackaged versions of the former, and the methods seem to follow the fad (product) life cycle. The literature offers fairly similar and rather general CSF for these methods, e.g. top management support and the importance of communication and information. What seems to be missing, however, is the need ...
Hemodynamic function of the Kay-Shiley prosthetic cardiac valve. Observations after mitral or tricuspid valve replacement.

Eighteen patients were catheterized before and nine months (average) after mitral and/or tricuspid valve replacement with the Kay-Shiley prosthesis. In 14 patients with Kay-Shiley mitral prostheses, average cardiac index rose from 2.2 L/min/M 2 preoperatively to 2.8 postoperation, average left atrial mean pressure fell from 26 to 18 mm Hg, and the average left atrioventricular mean diastolic gradient decreased from 15 to 8 mm Hg. In eight patients with Kay-Shiley tricuspid prostheses, average cardiac index rose from 1.74 to 2.54 L/min/M 2 , average right atrial mean pressure fell from 13 to 10 mmHg, and the average mean diastolic gradient across the tricuspid prostheses was 4 mmHg. The in vivo effective orifice areas of the Kay-Shiley mitral and tricuspid prostheses averaged 75 percent of the in vitro orifice areas. Kay-Shiley mitral prostheses were used only when the left ventricle was too small to accommodate a Starr-Edwards prosthesis; consequently, the Kay-Shiley protheses employed were small, accounting in part for significant prosthetic stenosis observed in some patients.
Transformation Optics with Metamaterials: A New Paradigm for Science of Light

Optical metamaterials designed for extreme control over the flow of light at both the nano- and macroscopic scales are discussed. These extreme metamaterials incorporate the innovative theories of transformation optics (TO).
Lysyl oxidase deficiency in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type V.

Two maternal cousins affected by the X–linked form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome have been observed. Both had congenital heart disease, “floppy valve syndrome”, hernias, short stature, stretchable skin and moderate joint hyper–mobility. Both excreted normal amounts of urinary glycosaminoglycans, almost entirely represented by dermatan sulfate, whose degradation appeared to be inadequate. They also excreted large amounts of hydroxylysine glycosides and L–valyl–proline, considered to be products of degradation of collagen and elastin, respectively. Cultured skin fibroblasts of the propositus synthesized excessively soluble collagen and had a low lysyl oxidase activity. These findings suggest that the increased degradation of structural proteins may be secondary to the defective cross–linking processes caused by the enzymic defect. Addition of (+) catechin, a flavonoid, to the propositus's cultured fibroblasts decreased the abnormal solubility of their collagen.
Multiple primary cancers. Review of clinical studies from two missouri hospitals

A composite review of a series of hospital-based, clinical studies on the prevalence of simultaneous and nonsimultaneous multiple primary cancers, including those in which data were recorded by the life table method for six different series of cancer patients and one "control" series of patients who did not have cancer at first contact is provided. The studies came from Barnes Hospital and the Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital (EFSCH) and span the period from 1914 through 1964. The conclusions of the studies support the concept that the presence of one primary cancer neither increases nor decreases the chances for developing additional cancers with the possible exception of a few "target organ" areas. One study of this period showed a nonrandom distribution of patients with multiple primary cancers referred to EFSCH and this observation merits further epidemiologic research.
The mammalian formin FHOD1 interacts with the ERK MAP kinase pathway

Formin homology 2 domain containing protein (FHOD1), a mammalian formin, regulates cytoskeletal architecture, enhances cell migration, and induces gene expression from the serum response element. In this study, we describe co-precipitation of FHOD1 with components of the ERK MAP kinase pathway while co-precipitation of FHOD1 with p38 MAP kinase and JNK was not observed. In addition, FHOD1 co-localized to lamellipodia with Raf-1 and to stress fibers with MEK. FHOD1-induced gene expression from the serum response element was dependent on ERK MAP kinase activation, and the native skeletal actin promoter were activated by FHOD1 through the SRF site. However, FHOD1-induced stress-fiber formation and gene expression from the skeletal actin promoter was independent of ERK activation. These novel data demonstrate that FHOD1-ERK MAP kinase interaction regulates key aspects of FHOD1 biology.
Family Meal Frequency and Weight Status Among Adolescents: Cross‐sectional and 5‐year Longitudinal Associations

This study examined cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations between the frequency of family meals and overweight status (>85th percentile for age and gender) in a large, diverse population of adolescents (n = 2,516). The population included two cohorts (midadolescence to young adulthood, n = 1,710, and early adolescence to midadolescence, n = 806). Logistic regression models tested cross-sectional and longitudinal (1999-2004) associations between family meal frequency and overweight status. Two sets of models are presented: (i) models adjusted only for baseline demographic characteristics and (ii) models also adjusted for physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and energy intake. Longitudinal models adjusted for baseline overweight status. Although significant inverse associations between family meal frequency and overweight status were observed for early adolescent females in all cross-sectional models (P < 0.001), longitudinal associations were not significant. Neither cross-sectional nor longitudinal associations were significant for males of either cohort and older females in any models. Young adolescent females who do not eat meals with their families may be at risk for overweight; however, the increased risk may not persist over a 5-year period. Eating family meals during high school may not protect against overweight during young adulthood. Although previous longitudinal research has suggested significant dietary and psychosocial benefits related to family meal frequency, the weight-related benefits of family meals may be more complex and deserving of further study, including an examination of the quality and quantity of food consumed at family meals.
On Horiguchi's solution of the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model

Abstract A simple derivation is given on the exact solution of the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model on the honeycomb lattice with the spin-1 hamiltonian −β H = Σ 〈i,j〉 (JS i S j + KS i 2 S j 2 ) − ΔΣ i S i 2 in the subspace K = −ln cosh J . The model exhibits an Ising transition at tanh |J| = (2 + e Δ ) 2 3 .
Improving Survivability of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Application-Level Intrusion Detection Case Study

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are deployed around the world to improve the safety and efficiency of surface transportation through the application of advanced information technology. However, ITS expose the transportation system to new vulnerabilities, making it imperative that those implementing such systems design them to be more survivable. The approaches most commonly used to increase the survivability of ITS are physical security, hardware redundancy, and software and data backups. An essential element of a survivable system that has not been adequately addressed is intrusion detection. Intrusion detection seeks to identify individuals who have gained unauthorized access to a system, as well as those with authorized access who are abusing the system. Described is the importance of robust intrusion detection for ITS (and other transportation information systems). The state of the practice in intrusion detection is summarized, and a case study is presented that investigates the development o...
Interplay of structure and vibrational dynamics in six-coordinate heme nitrosyls

The isolation of two polymorphic forms of nitrosyl(1-methylimidazole)(tetra-p-fluorophenylporphinato)iron(II) provides a unique opportunity to explore the interplay of structure and vibrational dynamics in six-coordinate {FeNO}7 nitrosyliron porphyrinates. The two species display differing vibrational spectroscopic properties both in νNO (IR) and the iron vibrational modes obtained through the use of nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy. Structural characterization of the two complexes has yielded extremely high-quality structures that further confirm that coordination of NO leads to ligand tilting and asymmetry in the equatorial Fe−Np bond distances. The two polymorphic structures (monoclinic and triclinic crystal systems) differ in the relative orientations of the two axial ligands and small but significant differences in coordination group bond distances. Although DFT calculations suggest that the NO/imidazole orientations should be indistinguishable, real experimental (structural and vibrational...
A speed-adaptive strategy for location management cost reduction in cellular networks

A speed adaptive location management scheme will greatly reduce the cost of tracking mobile stations, because mobile stations can travel at a wide range of speeds. Recently, an elegant distance- and time-based scheme has been proposed. The scheme uses a look-up table which describes the relationship between the distance and the time: the distance decreases while the time increases. In the scheme, the paging area for a mobile station will be automatically reduced if the mobile station does not update its location over a certain time period. Therefore, the scheme performs well when a mobile station travels at a low speed. However, it does not perform well when the incoming call arrival rate is high or when the speed of a mobile station is high. To overcome those drawbacks, a novel speed-adaptive scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme uses an enhanced look-up table that consists of two parts: the distance in the first part increases while the time increases; in the second part, the distance decreases with the increasing time. By introducing the first part, the proposed scheme reduces the paging cost for a call arriving shortly after a location update, and adapts to the speed range of a mobile station. To reduce the paging cost further, a paging angle is introduced for high-speed mobile stations. Numerical simulations using various activity-based models and random walk models show that the proposed scheme performs well for mobile stations traveling at both high and low speeds.
Atmospheric Deposition of Chemical Contaminants to the Great Lakes

Abstract The contamination of air and water by persistent toxic substances is one of the most important environmental issues confronting the Great lakes region. The atmospheric transport and deposition of chemical contaminants is a dominant source for many of these chemicals, but accurate estimates of the fluxes have been elusive. Data for the concentrations of trace substances in the various environmental compartments are scant, and several of the important transfer processes are not fully understood. A major research initiative is needed to calculate the atmospheric fluxes of chemical contaminants with an acceptable degree of uncertainty.
Reconstitution of mammalian excision repair activity with mutant cell-free extracts and XPAC and ERCC1 proteins expressed in Escherichia coli

Abstract Nucleotide excision repair in humans involves the coordinated actions of 8-10 proteins. To understand the roles of each of these proteins in excision it is necessary to develop an in vitro excision repair system reconstituted entirely from purified proteins. Towards this goal we have expressed in E. coli two of the 8 genes known to be essential for the excision reaction. XPAC and ERCC1 were expressed as fusion proteins with the Escherichia coli maltose binding protein (MBP) and purified to > 80% homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The purified proteins either as fusions or after cleavage from the MBP were able to complement the CFE of cells with mutations in the corresponding genes in an excision assay with thymine dimer containing substrate.
A comparison of oral health in elderly populations seeking and not seeking dental care

The General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) has been recommended for use as an outcome measure in the evaluation of dental treatment. This study was designed to assess the ability of the GOHAI in the evaluation of differences in those actively seeking dental care compared with those not seeking care. GOHAI was self-administered to two samples of elderly individuals, over 65 years of age, in the Columbus, OH, area. The first sample was ambulatory individuals living in a nursing home in Columbus, and the second sample consisted of patients accessing dental care at The Ohio State University (OSU) dental school clinics. Other variables used in this study were age, gender, self-rated oral and general health, and use of prostheses. Overall mean GOHAI score in the nursing home respondents was significantly higher (32.1 +/- 3.0) when compared with that of dental patients (mean, 30.4 +/- 3.9, p = 0.01). Mean GOHAI scores for all categories of variables used were consistently higher (better) in the nursing home respondents than for the dental patients. Results of this study show that self-assessed oral health measured by the GOHAI was higher for those individuals not seeking dental care than for those actively seeking dental care. The GOHAI is sensitive as an outcome measure in differentiating between individuals actively seeking care and those not seeking care.
Using the port of entry report as a benchmark: Survey results of on-the-job training among public relations internship site managers

Abstract The more up-to-date educators are regarding what the public relations industry expects from students, the more lucrative are students’ opportunities for potential employment upon graduation. This study looks through the lenses of internship supervisors within the framework of the “ Port of Entry ” study. Its purpose is to determine the skills and professional characteristics site supervisors deem most necessary for interns employed in their organizations. Results ( n = 109) indicate that in general, writing, oral, and organizational skills are most necessary for interns; professional characteristics include motivation and personality/attitude.
Multiple routes to similar network output.

Neuronal networks are built from neurons with different properties and from synapses of different strengths. Modeling suggests that networks can tune these parameters to many different combinations that nonetheless produce very similar network outputs.
Optimization of quadrilayer structures for various magneto-optical recording materials

Computer simulation of magneto-optical responses as a function of wavelength (3000-8000 angstrom), thicknesses, and material were made, based on the scattering matrix formulation for the calculation of optical and magneto-optical response of multilayer systems. Results from the following MO materials systems are presented: TbFeCo and Co/Pt multilayer. Silicon nitride and silicon nitride and silicon dioxide were the dielectrics used in the simulations, and aluminum was assumed for the reflector. The optimum structure for each of these materials systems has been found. The Kerr rotation, reflectance, and figures of merit for recording were calculated.
Testican in Human Blood1

Testican is a highly conserved, differentially expressed gene product of unknown function. Since testican is expressed by human endothelial cells and includes a signal sequence, it was our hypothesis that testican protein would be present in blood. We have developed chicken antibodies specific for testican sequence near the N-terminal and identified a 130-kDa form of testican in human plasma. This is much larger than the calculated molecular weight of the encoded polypeptide, suggesting glycosylation of this plasma protein, and large forms of recombinant testican produced in culture were found to include chondroitin sulfate. The 130-kDa form of testican is unstable in plasma. It is converted to smaller stable forms by separable plasma factors that can be blocked by certain serine protease inhibitors. Testican size conversion may be important in its functional activation or decay. One testican domain has strong homology to thyropin-type cysteine protease-inhibitors. Thus, testican may have a function related to protease inhibition in the blood.
EFFECTS OF FRESH FROZEN PLASMA INFUSIONS ON COAGULATION SCREENING TESTS IN SICK NEONATES

It is commonly stated that transfusion of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) in a volume of 10-20 cc/Kg. will correct non-platelet related coagulation defects in sick neonates. We studied 23 neonates in our Intensive Care Nursery who received 10-15 cc/Kg. of FFP for treatment of hypotension associated with respiratory distress syndrome. Gestational ages of infants studied ranged from 27-37 weeks. Prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and fibrinogen were performed prior to plasma infusion, and again 15-30 minutes, following infusion. Three infants were felt to have disseminated intravascular coagulation and were excluded. Eleven of the 20 remaining infants had pre-infusion PT's>16 seconds (sec.). Of these 11, 4 infants corrected to 16 sec. or less, while 7 showed almost no change in PT values. Eighteen of the 20 infants studied had initial PTT values >70 sec. Of these 18, only 5 infants corrected PTT values to 90 sec. Our preliminary data would suggest that, at least in sick infants with hypotension, FFP infusion may not result in dramatic improvement in coagulation parameters. Sick infants who receive FFP for bleeding problems should have careful monitoring of coagulation parameters, since therapy more aggressive than FFP infusion may be required.
Anionic forensic signatures for sample matching of potassium cyanide using high performance ion chromatography and chemometrics

Potassium cyanide was used as a model toxicant to determine the feasibility of using anionic impurities as a forensic signature for matching cyanide salts back to their source. In this study, portions of eight KCN stocks originating from four countries were separately dissolved in water and analyzed by high performance ion chromatography (HPIC) using an anion exchange column and conductivity detection. Sixty KCN aqueous samples were produced from the eight stocks and analyzed for 11 anionic impurities. Hierarchal cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to demonstrate that KCN samples cluster according to source based on the concentrations of their anionic impurities. The Fisher-ratio method and degree-of-class separation (DCS) were used for feature selection on a training set of KCN samples in order to optimize sample clustering. The optimal subset of anions needed for sample classification was determined to be sulfate, oxalate, phosphate, and an unknown anion named unk5. Using K-nearest neighbors (KNN) and the optimal subset of anions, KCN test samples from different KCN stocks were correctly determined to be manufactured in the United States. In addition, KCN samples from stocks manufactured in Belgium, Germany, and the Czech Republic were all correctly matched back to their original stocks because each stock had a unique anionic impurity profile. The application of the Fisher-ratio method and DCS for feature selection improved the accuracy and confidence of sample classification by KNN.
Hard prey specialists or opportunistic generalists? An examination of the diet of the cownose ray, Rhinoptera bonasus

Atlantic cownose rays (Rhinoptera bonasus) are benthic, suction feeders whose foraging activities have been implicated in severe damage to commercial shellfish industries. With jaws highly modified for durophagy, it has been assumed that R. bonasus are crushing specialists that feed primarily upon hard molluscan prey. Stomach contents from R. bonasus caught within Florida’s Charlotte Harbor estuary between July 2003 and July 2004 were analysed using the index of relative importance (IRI) to determine most important prey types. Prey items were identified from 38 families and fell into nine distinctive groups. The three most dominant prey groups were crustaceans (%IRI = 55.31), polychaetes (%IRI = 25.20) and bivalves (%IRI = 12.58). Shoalmates had more similar diets than non-shoalmates, suggesting group feeding. Most small or softer-bodied prey consumed were relatively intact, indicating lack of prey processing and capture through suction feeding. All larger, harder-bodied prey showed evidence of crushing (fractured and broken shells). Although R. bonasus has been characterised as a hard prey specialist, these results suggest it may behave as an opportunistic generalist, modifying feeding behaviour to consume readily available prey.
Structural specificity in phospholipid biosynthesis. Formation of 2-acyl-1,2-alkanediolphosphorylcholine in a cell-free system.

Summary Microsomal preparations from rat liver catalyze the formation of 2-acyl-1,2-alkanediolphosphorylcholine from a long-chain 2-acyl-1,2-alkanediol and CDP-choline in the presence of Mg ++ or Mn ++ . The reaction is inhibited by Ca ++ . The results indicate that 2-acyl-1,2-alkanediol can substitute for 1,2-diglyceride in phospholipid biosynthesis.
Relation between Dynamical Processes at Surfaces and Electron-Energy-Loss Measurements

Mesure directe par spectroscopie de perte d'energie des electrons de la fonction de reponse de surface
Study of EUV Spectra from Al X-pinch and Wire Array Implosions Produced on the 1 MA Zebra at UNR

Summary form only given. It is well known that implosions of X-pinches and wire arrays produce the powerful laboratory X-ray sources. X-ray spectroscopy is a very useful tool for diagnostics of X-and Z-pinch plasmas at stagnation while EUV spectroscopy seems to be an appropriate tool of diagnosing the plasma before and after the stagnation. Though X-ray spectra that characterize the stagnating plasmas are intensively used for X-and Z-pinch plasma diagnostics the EUV spectra are not vet studied in detail. In the present work a collection of EUV spectra from implosions of very different X-and Z-pinch loads on the 1 MA Zebra generator at UNR is presented for the first time. Specifically, the loads were Al X-pinches with 2 and 4 wires, cylindrical wire arrays (with and without a small portion of NaF coating), and planar wire arrays. The Al wires were from Al 5056 (95% Al and 5% Mg) and Al 1100 (99% Al) alloys. Non-LTE kinetic models of Al as well as Mg that were recently used to model X-ray K-shell Al and Mg spectra from the same loads were applied here to calibrate and identity the EUV spectra. Preliminary plasma parameters were computed. Similar and different features of the EUV spectra as well as corresponding plasma parameters from the above-mentioned loads were identified and analyzed. Modification of the existing models for the best fit of EUV spectra is discussed.
Dependence of ER-Mitochondria Calcium Transfer on Different IP3 Receptor Isoforms

IP3 receptors (IP3Rs) release Ca2+ from the ER, which is locally relayed to the mitochondria to control several aspects of mitochondrial function. Recent studies have suggested that type 3 IP3Rs (IP3R3) are particularly important for mediating the Ca2+ transfer at the ER-mitochondrial interface. We set out to systematically evaluate the respective role of each IP3R isoform in chicken DT40 cell lines that express only one IP3R isoform (double-knockout, DKO1, DKO2 and DKO3) or provide a null-background (triple-knockout, TKO) for analysis of mammalian IP3Rs and their mutants.Simultaneous imaging of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial matrix [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]c and [Ca2+]m) was performed in either permeabilized cells challenged with IP3 or in muscarinic receptor overexpressing intact cells stimulated with carbachol (Cch), an IP3-linked agonist. Saturating IP3 evoked complete discharge of ER calcium and resulted in comparable [Ca2+]m increases in each DKO. Furthermore, the Cch-induced [Ca2+]c spike was closely followed by a [Ca2+]m rise in each DKO. When TKO cells were rescued with rat IP3R1 or IP3R3, the latter mediated a larger [Ca2+]c transient but the [Ca2+]m increases were very similar for both isoforms. The relationship between the [Ca2+]c peak and the corresponding [Ca2+]m response was also very similar for IP3R1 and IP3R3. To assess the impact of the release kinetic through IP3R1 in the mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer we used two point mutants of the IP3R1, which display either enhanced inhibition by Ca2+ (D426N) or are relatively insensitive to Ca2+ inhibition (D442N). D426N showed dampened [Ca2+]m signal and [Ca2+]m vs. [Ca2+]c relationship, whereas D442N displayed a steeper [Ca2+]m vs. [Ca2+]c relationship than the wild type IP3R1. Thus, each IP3R isoform can support local ER-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer and their competence to activate mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake depends on their deactivation kinetic.
Formation of electrostatically-stabilized complex at low ionic strength inhibits interprotein electron transfer between yeast cytochrome c and cytochrome c peroxidase.

Electron transfer from yeast ferrous cytochrome c to H2O2-oxidized yeast cytochrome c peroxidase has been studied using flash photoreduction methods. At low ionic strength (μ < 10 mM), where a strong complex is formed between cytochrome c and peroxidase, electron transfer occurs rather slowly (k ∼ 200s−1). However, at high ionic strength where the electrostatic complex is largely dissociated, the observed first-order rate constant for peroxidase reduction increases significantly reaching a concentration independent limit of k ∼1500 s−1. Thus, at least in some cases, formation of an electrostatically-stabilized complex can actually impede electron transfer between proteins.
On the time required to construct a simple linear order

Pairs of digits or two-syllable words were presented visually for subjects to study as long as necessary in order to construct a single string reflecting the ordering inherent in the pairs. For example, given 75, 27, 58, the subject was to produce 2758. The time spent studying individual pairs was shown to reflect a set of five constructive processes identified in a theory proposed by Foos, Smith, Sabol, and Mynatt (1976) to account for errors in constructing the correct order. In addition, the results indicate that the time required to determine that a pair contains no elements in common with previously presented pairs is greater for two-syllable words than for digits, suggesting that an exhaustive search through short-term storage is occurring.
Characterization of human lymphocyte subpopulations: alloreactive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor and effector cells are phenotypically distinct from Leu 2+ suppressor cells.

The OKT8/Leu 2+ human T-cell subset contains cells which perform suppressor and cytotoxic functions. We have recently produced two monoclonal antibodies (termed 2D2 and D12) which define four subpopulations of human E+ cells. Previous studies have shown that the Leu 2+ cells that suppress T-cell proliferative responses have the 2D2+D12+ phenotype. In the present studies, we have used these antibodies and fluorescence-activated cell sorter techniques to characterize the phenotype of cytotoxic T lymphocytes generated in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte cultures. These studies indicate that the cytolytic effector cells which recognize class I major histocompatibility antigens express the 2D2+D12− phenotype. The phenotype of the precursor cells for these cytotoxic T cells was similarly demonstrated to be 2D2+D12−. The subset of E+ cells with NK cytolytic activity expressed the 2D2−D12+ phenotype. These data demonstrate that the Leu 2+ precursor and effector cytotoxic T cells reactive against class I alloantigens are phenotypically distinct from the Leu 2+ cells previously shown to suppress T-cell proliferative responses.
Special Section Guest Editorial: Single-Photon Detection, Generation, and Applications

The past two decades have produced significant advancement in the state-of-the-art for many single-photon technologies. The use of single-photon generation and detection is being pursued over an enormous portion of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from ultraviolet to millimeter wavelengths, and the breadth of applications that rely on these technologies—including fluorescence techniques, quantum information processing, and photon-starved imaging and communications—continues to grow rapidly. The papers in this special section of Optical Engineering provide a snapshot of some of the recent work that has focused on promising new single-photon component technologies and applications.
The occurrence of Aspergillus flavus in vegetative tissue of cotton plants and its relation to seed infection.

Twenty-seven mature cotton bolls with Aspergillus flavus Link colonies naturally occurring on the surface of the boll or lint were collected in the field in Arizona along with their subtending stems and peduncles. Bolls inoculated through the carpel wall 30 days after anthesis were allowed to mature in the field and were collected in the same manner. The seed and stem and peduncle sections of each boll were surface-sterilized, plated on agar media and observed for A. flavus. Seventy-eight percent of the naturally contaminated bolls with A. flavus in the seed also had the fungus in the stem and peduncle, whereas only 31% of the naturally contaminated bolls with no A. flavus in the seed had the fungus in the stem or peduncle. This difference was significant (P=0.0125), indicating a positive relationship between seed infection and stem and peduncle infection. All of the bolls inoculated through the carpel wall had A. flavus in the seed, but only 11% of the stem and peduncle sections were infected, indicating that the fungus does not readily grow downward from the boll into the supporting stem or peduncle.
Chemodectomas arising in temporal bone structures

This is an analysis of 32 patients with chemodectomas arising in temporal bone structures who were evaluated and treated at the University of Florida between February 1964 and December 1984. The follow-up ranged from 2 to 18 years, with 24 patients (75%) having greater than 5 years of follow-up. The tumors were staged according to the presence or absence of bone or cranial nerve involvement. Twenty-five patients were treated for de novo lesions as follows: 6 patients with early lesions were managed with surgery alone, 15 patients with radiotherapy alone, and 4 patients with surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Seven patients were seen for the management of recurrent chemodectomas after initial surgery (4 patients) or initial surgery plus radiotherapy (3 patients) elsewhere. All patients managed with radiotherapy were treated with megavoltage equipment with doses ranging from 4,000 to 5,000 cGy at 170–180 cGy per fraction. The disease was controlled in all 25 patients who presented with de novo lesions. Local failure occurred in one of seven patients treated for recurrent chemodectomas; this patient was previously managed with surgery and radiotherapy elsewhere.