cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Randomized Study to Evaluate the Use of High-Dose Therapy as Part of Primary Treatment for “Aggressive” Lymphoma

PURPOSE: This trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group compares the use of high-dose therapy (HDT) as part of primary treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) plus etoposide followed by involved-field (IF) radiotherapy in a randomized, multicenter, phase III study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred twelve patients with “aggressive” non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma aged ≤ 60 years with elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels were included from 1990 to 1997. Patients with at least a minor response after two cycles of CHOEP (CHOP + etoposide 3 × 100 mg/m2) were to receive three further cycles of CHOEP followed by IF radiotherapy (arm A) or one further cycle of CHOEP followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation and IF radiotherapy (arm B). RESULTS: Among 158 patients randomized to arm B, 103 (65%) received HDT. The complete remission rate at the end of treatment was 62.9% in arm A and 69.9% in arm B. With a median observation time of 45.5 months...
Differential blocking effects of the acetaldehyde-derived DNA lesion N2-ethyl-2'-deoxyguanosine on transcription by multisubunit and single subunit RNA polymerases.

Acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, reacts with DNA to form adducts, including N2-ethyl-2′-deoxyguanosine (N2-Et-dG). Although the effects of N2-Et-dG on DNA polymerases have been well studied, nothing is known about possible effects of this lesion on transcription by RNA polymerases (RNAPs). Using primer extension assays in vitro, we found that a single N2-Et-dG lesion is a strong block to both mammalian RNAPII and two other multisubunit RNAPs, (yeast RNAPII and Escherichia coli RNAP), as well as to T7 RNAP. However, the mechanism of transcription blockage appears to differ between the multisubunit RNAPs and T7 RNAP. Specifically, all three of the multisubunit RNAPs can incorporate a single rNTP residue opposite the lesion, whereas T7 RNAP is essentially unable to do so. Using the mammalian RNAPII, we found that CMP is exclusively incorporated opposite the N2-Et-dG lesion. In addition, we also show that the accessory transcription factor TFIIS does not act as a lesion bypass factor, as it does for other nonbulky DNA lesions; instead, it stimulates the polymerase to remove the CMP incorporated opposite the lesion by mammalian RNAPII. We also include models of the N2-Et-dG within the active site of yeast RNAPII, which are compatible with our observations.
Thymocyte Selection Is Regulated by the Helix-Loop-Helix Inhibitor Protein, Id3

E2A, HEB, E2-2, and daughterless are basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins that play key roles in multiple developmental pathways. The DNA binding activity of E2A, HEB, and E2-2 is regulated by a distinct class of inhibitor HLH proteins, the Id gene products. Here, we show that Id3 is required for major histocompatability (MHC) class I- and class II-restricted thymocyte positive selection. Additionally, H-Y TCR-mediated negative selection is severely perturbed in Id3 null mutant mice. Finally, we show that E2A and Id3 interact genetically to regulate thymocyte development. These observations identify the HLH inhibitory protein Id3 as an essential component required for proper thymocyte maturation.
Exploring possible connections between tribology and osteoarthritis

This paper is part of a continuing study aimed at exploring possible connections between tribology and mechanisms of synovial joint lubrication and degeneration. In a separate paper, the focus was on the tribological behaviour of natural and ‘normal’ synovial joints. The central thrust or purpose of the present paper is to stimulate discussion of ‘abnormal’ joint behaviour, in particular, degenerative joint disease or osteoarthritis, from the point of view of a tribologist, and in the light of our findings on cartilage wear. Some provocative questions are raised. For example, can a lack of ‘proper’ synovial joint lubrication or a specific biochemical ‘anti-wear’ agent lead to degeneration of the joint or more rapid removal of articular cartilage? Does osteoarthritic articular cartilage have poorer resistance to wear than ‘normal’ cartilage? It is not argued that arthritis is a tribological problem. However, it would seem that tribological connections with degenerative joint disease — and possibly other forms of arthritis — are indeed possible, but complex.
Effect of Habitat Fragmentation on Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar L.) Dispersal: The Quality of the Matrix

Abstract The effect of the matrix within which habitat fragmentation occurs was studied with respect to gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) egg-mass number on the E. S. George Reserve in Livingston Co., Michigan, in October 1999. Overgrown old fields were assumed to be relatively high quality matrix compared to a large herbaceous swamp. Oak forest fragments were located in each matrix type as well as in a reference matrix of extensive oak forest. The mean number of egg masses in stands of black oaks (Quercus velutina) was determined for fragments in high and low quality matrices. A significant difference in gypsy moth egg-mass number between areas of high vs. low quality matrix was detected.
Does Completing an Enriched Writing Course Improve Writing Self-Efficacy of Talented Secondary Students?

This study examined whether writing self-efficacy would change and have an effect on final course grade in 267 talented middle and high school students in the course of taking enriched 6-week writing classes. Confidence in writing increased across time within three courses, whereas approach to writing did not. Differences were found between genders and between students taking different courses. In the writing process class, girls scored higher in their approach to writing at the end of class than boys. Girls obtained higher final grades than boys, but girls who had higher change in approach to writing obtained higher final grades than (a) boys who reported a higher change and (b) both boys and girls who reported less change. A unique association may exist between talented students’ gender and change in self-efficacy on final course grade.
Average Efficiency Factors and Adjusted Orthogonality in Multidimensional Designs

SUMMARY An upper bound is given for the average efficiency factor of a connected multidimensional design. It is shown that, when the design has adjusted orthogonality, its average efficiency factor is a simple function of the average efficiency factors of its component designs.
Hemi-Chorea and Brainstem Glioma

A case-report from Baroda Medical College, India, concerns a 9-year-old girl who complained of difficulty in walking and involuntary movements of the left upper and lower limbs.
A national survey of emergency pharmacy practice in the United States

Purpose The results of a survey to characterize pharmacy practice in emergency department (ED) settings are reported. Methods An electronic survey was sent to all members of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists’ Emergency Medicine Connect group and the American College of Clinical Pharmacy’s Emergency Medicine Practice and Research Network. Approximately 400 nontrainee pharmacy practitioners were invited to participate in the survey, which was open for 30 days. Descriptive statistics were used for all analyses. Results Two hundred thirty-three responses to the survey that were at least partially completed were received. After the removal of duplicate responses and null records, 187 survey responses were retained. The majority of respondents were from community hospitals (59.6%) or academic medical centers (36.1%). A pharmacist’s presence in the ED of more than eight hours per day on weekdays and weekends was commonly reported (68.7% of respondents); 49.4% of institutions provided more than eight hours of coverage daily. Nearly one in three institutions (34.8%) provided no weekend ED staffing. The most frequently reported hours of coverage were during the 1 p.m.–midnight time frame. The distribution of ED pharmacist activities, by category, was as follows (data are median reported time commitments): clinical, 25% (interquartile range [IQR], 15–40%); emergency response, 15% (IQR, 10–20%); order processing, 15% (IQR, 5–25%); medication reconciliation/history-taking, 10% (IQR, 5–25%); teaching, 10% (IQR, 5–15%); administrative, 5% (IQR, 3–10%); and scholarly endeavors, 0% (IQR, 0–5%). Conclusion Pharmacists from academic and community EDs perform a variety of clinical, educational, and administrative activities.
Education Researchers, AERA Presidents, and Reforming the Practice of Schooling, 1916–2016:

For a century, AERA has had as its mission using research to improve K–12 and higher education practices. Born in a period of reform, the Association’s mission—reformist both in spirit and the letter—has been articulated time and again by its elected presidents. As different reform movements have swept across U.S. schools, as demographics and contexts changed, elected presidents reflecting those shifting reforms, contexts, and demographics have adhered to the founding mission of the Association. Using presidents’ addresses across the century, I show that the belief in using research to improve practice has remained stable yet contested in recent decades.
Perineural Spread of Head and Neck Cancer: Ophthalmic Considerations

Head and neck malignancies with orbital involvement present difficult decisions to the treating physician. When the spread is perineural, the challenges are greater due to the incipient nature of the spread and the fact that the orbit can also be involved by centrifugal spread from the non-ophthalmic branches of the trigeminal nerve. The disease is often misdiagnosed and the subsequent delay in treatment results in worse outcomes. This article discusses the evaluation of the eye and the many facets of orbital involvement by perineural spread of malignancy including the treatment of complications.
Research on Related Entity Identification Model and Incremental Verification Algorithm for Heterogeneous Networks

Related entity identification is a necessary technique to find and integrate the entities that are related tightly in heterogeneous networks.It is useful to make users understand the search result better.However,current techniques consider limited influence factors for related entity identification and lack verification which often lead to dumb results.In this paper,we present a two-phase related entity identification model by fully considering entity schema and entity feature.Also an incremental verification algorithm is proposed to iteratively verify and repair the result of identification.The experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our key techniques.
The Effect of Management Design on the Portfolio Concentration and Performance of Mutual Funds

We show that the performance of actively managed equity mutual funds increases when portfolios are concentrated in the top one or two stocks within each industry sector. Funds managed by a single manager have much more concentrated portfolios, tend to perform better, and have higher expense ratios than funds managed by multiple managers. We observe that when a fund’s management design is changed from single manager to multiple managers, the portfolio’s within- and cross-sector concentration, performance, and expense ratios decrease.
The Role of the Baroreflex in Tilt Table Testing: Outcome and Type of Response.

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to better understand the role of the baroreflex in tilt-induced vasovagal syncope (VVS). Background The role of the baroreflex in tilt-induced VVS remains controversial. The authors hypothesized that: 1) patients with positive tilt table test (TTT) results have greater baroreflex gain (BRG) compared with patients with negative TTT results; and 2) patients with tilt-induced asystole have greater BRG compared with patients without asystole. Methods Using the sequence method, BRG measurements were obtained in 438 consecutive patients undergoing TTT. Two hundred sixty-eight patients (61%) had positive TTT results (mean age 50 ± 21 years; 34% men), and 170 patients (39%) had negative TTT results (mean age 48 ± 21 years; 35% men). Results Mean BRG was significantly higher in patients with positive TTT results compared with those with negative TTT results (12.9 ± 6.0 ms/mm Hg vs. 11.5 ± 6.0 ms/mm Hg; p = 0.01). Among the 268 patients with positive TTT results, 23 (9%) had more than 3 s of asystole (mean age 37 ± 17; 30% men), and 245 patients had a mixed vasodepressor or cardioinhibitory response without asystole (mean age 51 ± 17 years; 34% men). Mean BRG was greater in patients with tilt-induced asystole (>3 s) compared with patients without asystole (15.3 ± 5.9 ms/mm Hg vs. 12.7 ± 5.9 ms/mm Hg; p = 0.03). Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that baseline BRG was higher in patients with positive TTT results compared with those with negative TTT results, with greater values noted in patients with tilt-induced asystole (>3 s) compared with those without asystole.
Driving Democracy: Federalism and Decentralization

Parliamentary republics and proportional electoral systems generate horizontal checks and balances in the core institutions of state. By contrast, federalism and decentralization lead toward vertical power-sharing among multiple layers of government. Contemporary debates about decentralized governance have arisen in many plural democracies, notably among the Francophone majority living in Quebec, the Basques in Spain, and the Scots in the United Kingdom. These arguments have been particularly influential in fragile multinational states afflicted with deep-rooted civil wars where decentralization has been advocated as a potential constitutional solution aiming to reduce conflict, build peace, and protect the interests of marginalized communities. In Sri Lanka, for example, federalism has been proposed in a peace-agreement designed to settle the long-running tensions between the majority Buddhist Sinhalese community and the mainly Hindu Tamils in the northeast. In Sudan the 2005 peace-settlement proposed a high degree of federal autonomy for the south and a constitutionally guaranteed regional division of oil revenues, in the attempt to bind together a country afflicted for two decades by a bloody civil war between the mainly Muslim north and the animist and Christian south. Federal arrangements have also been advocated, more controversially, in Iraq as a mechanism seeking to stem violence among Shi'a and Sunni Muslims, as well as to provide some degree of autonomy for the Kurds in the north.
Time-Minimal Motion: Generalizations

This chapter contains two topics. In Section 5.1, we extend the accessibility approach to the case of disappearing and appearing obstacles in the plane. In Section 5.2, the concept of accessibility is generalized to three dimensions.
Translating Vague Statutes into Rules and Regulations

If you were walking down the street one afternoon and a news reporter asked for your candid thoughts on environmental rulemaking, you would probably respond with a blank stare or you might say the act of rulemaking included a bureaucrat sitting behind a computer all day, filling out forms. As you will learn in this chapter, rulemaking is an essential component to a thorough understanding of how environmental policy works. Here, we recount details from our conversation with Professor Daniel Fiorino, a 31-year veteran of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), about how complex the regulatory profession can be.1 Fiorino’s extensive career included many different duties, but we focus on the start and conclusion of his EPA career—from a regulatory analyst to the Director of the National Environmental Performance Track Program. In documenting the evolution of his work, we start with his responsibilities as they pertain to agency rulemaking.
How do we mobilize and collect autologous peripheral blood stem cells

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) with mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) has become a widely applied therapeutic approach for many hematologic and nonhematologic diseases. Adequate PBSC mobilization is critical to the success of ASCT. However, many factors can contribute to poor mobilization. Plerixafor is an effective yet costly adjunct agent that has been increasingly used to improve mobilization in a variety of diagnoses and clinical settings. However, to achieve both optimal cell collection yields and cost-effectiveness, the role of plerixafor in PBSC mobilization needs to be well defined in terms of triggers for initiating its use and criteria for monitoring response. As one of the largest hematopoietic transplant centers in the country, we have developed an approach to PBSC mobilization and collection that incorporates patient laboratory assessments, monitoring of the collection yields, and judicious use of plerixafor as well as various patient support and education programs. These measures have resulted in an increase in our collection success rate and a decrease in the mean number of collection days. In this article we describe our approach to autologous PBSC mobilization and collection. Pertinent reports in the literature are also reviewed and discussed.
Fighting banking botnets by exploiting inherent command and control vulnerabilities

Malware poses a significant threat to commerce and banking systems. Specifically, the Zeus banking botnet is reported to have caused more than 100 million dollars in damages. This type of malware has been around for over ten years, and in 2013 alone was responsible for compromising over one-million computers. The impact of banking botnets (i.e., typically Zeus or its derivatives) can be lessened by exploiting the inherent vulnerabilities of their command and control (CC however we do not discourage traditional malware removal and clean-up processes. As a complement to traditional processes, we offer our approach to organizations with the proper authority for an active defense (i.e., offensive measures). We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by using the leaked Zeus 2.0.8.9 toolkit that included the C&C web application. The following security flaws exist in the Zeus 2.0.8.9 C&C web application: (1) no authentication between the zbot (i.e., client-side malware) and the C&C, (2) a lack of proper access control in the web application folders, and (3) simple clear text authentication between C&C and the remote bot-herder. Our results suggest that because of these security flaws, a range of offensive measures are viable against the Zeus C&C, including Buffer-Overflow, Denial-of-Service, and Dictionary or Brute Force Attacks.
In quest of the next switch

Conventional CMOS scaling and the Moore's law have been the cornerstone of progress in computing hardware technology. However, with dimensional scaling expected to end soon, there is a pressing need to find the next transistor solution that can continue to support the technology revolution. Will this hardware solution be an enhanced or an augmented version of MOSFET or a switch based on a radically new switching mechanism. Ultimately, do we require a complete deviation from the Boolean paradigm itself? In this invited paper, we will review some of the actively pursued state-of-the-art transistor and related concepts. While it remains unclear which of these options will eventually make it into commercial products, we will argue-based on lessons learnt from the past two decades of transistor development-that sustained and systematic research with careful benchmarking remains the key to success in the quest for the new switch.
Safety and Immunological Efficacy of a DNA Vaccine Encoding the Androgen Receptor Ligand‐Binding Domain (AR‐LBD)

BACKGROUND The androgen receptor (AR) is a key oncogenic driver of prostate cancer, and has been the primary focus of prostate cancer treatment for several decades. We have previously demonstrated that the AR is also an immunological target antigen, recognized in patients with prostate cancer, and targetable by means of vaccines in rodent models with delays in prostate tumor growth. The current study was performed to determine the safety and immunological efficacy of a GMP-grade plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of the AR, pTVG-AR. METHODS Groups of male mice (n = 6–10 per group) were evaluated after four or seven immunizations, using different schedules and inclusion of GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant. Animals were assessed for toxicity using gross observations, pathological analysis, and analysis of serum chemistries. Animals were analyzed for evidence of vaccine-augmented immunity by tetramer analysis. Survival studies using different immunization schedules and inclusion of GM-CSF were conducted in an autochthonous genetically engineered mouse model. RESULTS No significant toxicities were observed in terms of animal weights, histopathology, hematological changes, or changes in serum chemistries, although there was a trend to lower serum glucose in animals treated with the vaccine. There was specifically no evidence of toxicity in other tissues that express AR, including liver, muscle, hematopoietic, and brain. Vaccination was found to elicit AR LBD-specific CD8+ T cells. In a subsequent study of tumor-bearing animals, animals treated with vaccine had prolonged survival compared with control-immunized mice. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate that, in immunocompetent mice expressing the target antigen, immunization with the pTVG-AR vaccine was both safe and effective in eliciting AR-specific cellular immune responses, and prolonged the survival of prostate tumor-bearing mice. These findings support the clinical evaluation of pTVG-AR in patients with recurrent prostate cancer. Prostate 77:812–821, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
‘Form is easy, meaning is hard’ revisited: (re) characterizing the strengths and weaknesses of language in children with autism spectrum disorder

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate impairments in social interaction and communication, and in repetitive/stereotypical behaviors. The degree to which children with ASD also manifest impairments in structural language-such as lexicon and grammar-is currently quite controversial. We reframe this controversy in terms of Naigles' (Naigles, Cognition 2002, 86: 157-199) 'form is easy, meaning is hard' thesis, and propose that the social difficulties of children with ASD will lead the meaning-related components of their language to be relatively more impaired than the form-related components. Our review of the extant literature supports this proposal, with studies (1) reporting that children with ASD demonstrate significant challenges in the areas of pragmatics and lexical/semantic organization and (2) highlighting their good performance on grammatical assessments ranging from wh-questions to reflexive pronouns. Studies on children with ASD who might have a co-morbid grammatical impairment are discussed in light of the absence of relevant lexical-semantic data from the same children. Most importantly, we present direct comparisons of assessments of lexical/semantic organization and grammatical knowledge from the same children from our laboratory, all of which find more children at a given age demonstrating grammatical knowledge than semantic organization. We conclude with a call for additional research in which in-depth grammatical knowledge and detailed semantic organization are assessed in the same children. WIREs Cogn Sci 2017, 8:e1438. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1438 This article is categorized under: Linguistics > Language Acquisition Linguistics > Language in Mind and Brain Neuroscience > Development.
Skin to Intramuscular Compartment Thigh Measurement by Ultrasound in Pediatric Population.

Author(s): Duong, Myto; Botchway, Albert; dela Cruz, Jonathan; Austin, Richard; McDaniel, Kevin; Jaeger, Cassie | Abstract: Introduction Pediatric obesity threatens the efficacy of life-saving medications given intramuscularly to anaphylactic patients. Epinephrine auto-injector needle lengths are potentially too short to reach the muscle compartment in patients with elevated body habitus. The objective of the study was to determine needle length requirements for intramuscular injections in pediatric patients. Methods Ultrasound was used to measure the distance from skin to muscle compartment of the thigh in 200 pediatric patients of various weight and body mass index who presented to the Emergency Department. Results Patients with higher body mass index had an increased distance to muscle and bone. If current auto-injector recommendations were followed, 12% of patients weighing less than 30 kilograms and 9% of patients weighing more than 30 kilograms would have potentially used an auto-injector inadequate in needle length. Conclusion With the increase in childhood obesity, auto-injector needle lengths may be too short to effectively deliver medications. Needle length should be evaluated to accommodate pediatric patients with increased skin to muscle distance.
The State of Health in Latin America: Trends and Correlates of Health Expenditures

This chapter draws on quantitative data to examine the trends and correlates of health expenditure, including overall expenditure, the public–private mix of health expenditure, and public health expenditure compared to other public expenditures in Latin American countries. This chapter sets the stage for the three country case studies. The quantitative analysis reveals that overall, public health expenditure in Latin America has been on the rise, and that World Bank conditions attached to these loans do not have a statistically significant effect on health expenditure across a variety of measures in Latin America. Does this mean that the World Bank and other international financial institutions do not matter for health financing and health sector reform in Latin America and the Caribbean? The answer is more complicated. This chapter simultaneously contradicts some established notions of IFIs acting as neoliberal agents, driving down public expenditure and programs, and establishes the possibility of a non-unitary, contingent effect of World Bank work in health across countries, confirmed in the following country case-study chapters.
Production of Cell Wall-Degrading Enzymes by Corn Stalk Rot Strains of ErwiniaChrysanthemi

Several strains of E. chrysanthemi were screened for their ability to produce extracellular cell wall-degrading enzymes. Three of the strains were corn stalk rot (CSR) pathogens while the other strains had been originally isolated from other hosts. Bacteria were grown in liquid media and culture filtrates were assayed for enzyme activity. Most of the enzymes detected were produced by all strains with only minor differences in the amount of enzyme produced. The major difference detected was in xylanase activity which was substantially greater in the CSR strains. The difference in xylanase activity was correlated with ability to macerate autoclaved corn tissues.
Young children's reasoning about the effects of poverty on people experiencing it: A qualitative thematic analysis

Abstract This study examined how economically disadvantaged children conceptualize the causes and consequences of poverty. The study sample included 30 children (age 6–9 years) who completed individual interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data, beginning with initial codes that were then collated into themes. The following themes emerged from coding of interview content: material resource deprivation of people in poverty; academic, social, and emotional consequences of lacking material resources; personal competence of the non-poor and incompetence of people in poverty; and honor and honesty in people in poverty. Perceived trait weaknesses of people in poverty were also discussed but were less prominent than references to external, resource-based attributions for negative beliefs about people in poverty. This study reflects the voices of young economically disadvantaged children, elucidating their beliefs about the causes and consequences of poverty. The findings may be useful to researchers interested in the mechanisms by which poverty impacts children's psychological development and academic functioning as well as to practitioners (teachers, social workers, therapists) who work with low-income children.
Is the Program-Specific Paragraph Responsible for Declining Application Numbers? A Commentary:

An alarming trend of declining applications to otolaryngology-head and neck surgery has surfaced over the past 3 years. There are many possible explanations for this decline, and a recent publication has implicated "impossible" qualifications as the reason for this decline. While these qualifications may deter a significant number of potential applicants, they have not changed significantly in the past 5 years and do not seem to explain a sudden decline. This commentary argues that the program-specific paragraph, which was introduced in 2015, may be at least in part responsible.
Finite element analysis of strain effects on symmetry reduction of semiconductor quantum dots

Abstract Strain deformations and piezoelectric effects greatly modify the band edge potential profile and the symmetry of the semiconductor self-assembled quantum dot system, playing a critical role in determining the material optical and electronic properties. In this paper, based on the continuum elasticity model, we develop an easily implementable finite element method approach to calculate the material displacement, strain, stress, piezoelectric effect, and their impacts on the band edges of quantum dots. No matter the intrinsic symmetric level of the quantum dot geometric shape, we show the maximum symmetry group of the Hamiltonian for an III-V group quantum dot system is C2v. Orientation changes of the quantum dot in the crystal will lead to different Hamiltonian symmetry even though the geometric symmetry groups are the same. We also notice that for a symmetric quantum dot, such as a pyramid, its smallest band gap is normally not at the geometric center, but at the base or near the top. Aspect ratio changes of quantum dots will lead to apparent bandgap variations; however, conformal size changes of the quantum dots will not result in visible bandgap modifications.
Assessment of Wearable Tactile System: Perception, Learning, and Recall

Previous research investigated concepts of tactile salience and core variables mediating effects on human perception and learning, resulting in validation of independent scaled ratings of tactile salience. This approach provides an integrated and systematic approach to assess effectiveness of tactile displays. We report an initial series of comparative tests of various multi-tactor cues, or tactions. Tactions were developed to vary in temporal sequencing and amplitude. In the first experiment 8 tactions were used; a follow-up investigation used 12. In this report we summarize results, with a focus on experiment methods association with measurement of tactile salience, ease of learning, and ease of recall.
“A Second Bible”: Liturgy and Interpretation in the Expositions of John Boys

The Expositions of the English lectionary by preacher and eventual Dean of Canterbury John Boys (1571–1625) represent a Jacobean Calvinist’s attempt to defend the Book of Common Prayer against not only puritans and Catholics but also against the tensions between ceremonial order and scriptural preeminence in the Prayer Book itself. Boys’s extensive commentaries, in the form of sermons, sermon notes, and especially in a treatise on the “principall Scriptures” embedded in the prayer and communion services, employ a surprising variety of biblical hermeneutics to bolster the claim that the order of the liturgy is itself a form of scripture. He thus rejects the claims of ceremonial adiaphora, insisting that the Church of England’s worship has a better claim to apostolic antiquity and scriptural authenticity than that of either Protestant radicals or the Roman Church.
Immunochemistry of Human Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells

The recent development of monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated markers of human teratocarcinomas is a logical continuation of the research along two major avenues of investigation. On the one hand, the present work is a continuation of the efforts to improve the diagnostic techniques for immunochemical detection of germ cell tumors in a clinical setting. Some of the recent advances in this field have been reviewed by Lange (1982), Stigbrand and Engvall (1982), Moon et al. (1983). On the other hand, the work on human teratocarcinoma-derived cell lines represents an extension of similar studies performed on murine teratocarcinomas, which have culminated in detailed immunochemical characterization of mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells and their derivatives (Solter and Knowles, 1978; Stern et al., 1978; Muramatsu et al., 1978; see also Appendix in Silver et al., 1983).
What Shapes Uneven Access to Urban Amenities? Thick Injustice and the Legacy of Racial Discrimination in Denver’s Parks:

Like other urban amenities, parks are unevenly distributed throughout cities, with advantaged groups enjoying better access to better parks than more disadvantaged residents. Although such inequiti...
Getting Disciplined: What's Trans* About Queer Studies Now?

This essay maps the epistemological terrain trans* studies may face as it is widely incorporated into queer studies programs, often housed within women’s studies departments. Over the past two deca...
Semiglobal Feedback Linearization of the Human Head and Binocular Eye Tracking Dynamics Satisfying Donders’ Law

In this paper, we revisit the head and binocular eye pointing control problems as a constrained dynamics on $SO(3)$ from the point of view of a nonlinear multi input multi output (MIMO) system. The constraint, proposed by Donders, is that for every human head rotating away from its primary pointing direction, the rotational vectors are restricted to lie on a surface called the Donders’ surface. This paper assumes that the Donders’ surface is described by a quadratic equation on the coordinates of the rotation vector. The inputs to the MIMO system are three external torques provided by muscles rotating the head. The three output signals are chosen as follows. Two of the signals are coordinates of the frontal pointing direction. The third signal measures deviation of the state vector from the Donders’ surface. Thus we have a $3\times 3$ square system and recent results have shown that this system is feedback linearizable on a suitable neighborhood $\mathcal{N}$ of the state space. In this paper, we estimate a lower bound on the size of $\mathcal{N}$ by computing a lower bound on the distance between the Donders’ and the Singularity surface. For the eye pointing control, the Donders’ surface is replaced by Listing’s plane whereas the two eyes are constrained by a coplanarity condition. The binocular eye pointing control system is described as a MIMO system on SO $=SO(3)\times SO(3)$ with six inputs and six outputs. Semiglobal feedback linearization, on a suitable neighborhood $\mathcal {B}$ of SO is proposed and an analogous lower bound on this neighborhood is obtained. Binocular tracking control using semiglobal feedback linearization, described in this paper, is new.
Pancreas deformation in the presence of tumors using feature tracking from free-breathing XD-GRASP MRI.

BACKGROUND Quantifying the biomechanical properties of pancreatic tumors could potentially help with assessment of tumor aggressiveness, prognosis, and prediction of therapy response. PURPOSE To quantify respiratory-induced deformation in the pancreas and pancreatic lesions using XD-GRASP (eXtra-Dimensional Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel), MRI. STUDY TYPE Retrospective study where patients undergoing clinically indicated abdominal MRI which included free-breathing radial T1 -weighted (T1 W) imaging were studied. SUBJECTS Thirty-two patients (12 male and 20 female) including nine with pancreatic lesions constituted our study cohort. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3.0 T with T1 WI contrast-enhanced gradient echo radial free-breathing acquisition. ASSESSMENT Using the XD-GRASP imaging technique, the acquired free-breathing radial data were sorted and binned into 10 consecutive respiratory motion states that were jointly reconstructed. 3D deformation fields along the respiratory dimension were computed using an optical flow method and were analyzed in the pancreas. STATISTICAL TESTS The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess the difference in average displacement across pancreatic regions, while the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for displacement differences between patients with and without tumors. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was computed to assess consistency between observers for each image quality measure. RESULTS There was a significantly larger displacement in the pancreatic tail compared with the head (8.2 ± 3.7 mm > 5.8 ± 2.4 mm; P 6.6 ± 2.9 mm; P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was reduced normalized average displacement in patients with pancreatic lesions compared with subjects without lesions (0.33 ± 0.1 < 0.69 ± 0.26, P < 0.001 for the head; 0.30 ± 0.1 < 0.84 ± 0.31, P < 0.001 for the body; and 0.44 ± 0.31 < 1.08 ± 0.53, P < 0.001 for the tail, respectively). DATA CONCLUSION Free-breathing respiratory motion-sorted XD-GRASP MRI has the potential to noninvasively characterize the biomechanical properties of the pancreas by quantifying breathing-induced mechanical displacement. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1633-1640.
Teledermatology in Underserved Populations

Teledermatology holds promise as a tool to bridge distances and enhance access for populations that are underserved by conventional means of dermatologic care. This review delineates underserved populations and examines recent investigations of teledermatology for these populations. An analysis of the benefits and ongoing challenges for teledermatology for underserved people is presented. Many studies demonstrate enhancement of access dermatologic service particularly when using store and forward modes. Many countries and states within the USA are beginning to reimburse for teledermatology services. There is an inherent educational benefit to healthcare providers in using teledermatology systems. However, the recent published literature tends to spotlight successes and may not balance the picture with descriptions of real-world challenges including sustainability, burden shifting, and differing cultural, ethical, and legal contexts around the world. Teledermatology for underserved populations is fast becoming a useful tool for enhancing currently limited access to dermatologic services. Health systems will need to apply this tool tailored to the unique needs of each locale. Follow-up studies will be key to demonstrate durability of successful models and to learn from program challenges.
Magnetoencephalographic Correlates of Suicidal Ideation in Major Depression.

Abstract Background Defining the neurobiological underpinnings of suicidal ideation (SI) is crucial to improving our understanding of suicide. This study used magnetoencephalographic gamma power as a surrogate marker for population-level excitation-inhibition balance to explore the underlying neurobiology of SI and depression. In addition, effects of pharmacological intervention with ketamine, which has been shown to rapidly reduce SI and depression, were assessed. Methods Data were obtained from 29 drug-free patients with major depressive disorder who participated in an experiment comparing subanesthetic ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) with a placebo saline infusion. Magnetoencephalographic recordings were collected at baseline and after ketamine and placebo infusions. During scanning, patients rested with their eyes closed. SI and depression were assessed, and a linear mixed-effects model was used to identify brain regions where gamma power and both SI and depression were associated. Two regions of the salience network (anterior insula, anterior cingulate) were then probed using dynamic causal modeling to test for ketamine effects. Results Clinically, patients showed significantly reduced SI and depression after ketamine administration. In addition, distinct regions in the anterior insula were found to be associated with SI compared with depression. In modeling of insula–anterior cingulate connectivity, ketamine lowered the membrane capacitance for superficial pyramidal cells. Finally, connectivity between the insula and anterior cingulate was associated with improvements in depression symptoms. Conclusions These findings suggest that the anterior insula plays a key role in SI, perhaps via its role in salience detection. In addition, transient changes in superficial pyramidal cell membrane capacitance and subsequent increases in cortical excitability might be a mechanism through which ketamine improves SI.
On linear version of an elementary group theory result

Given a cyclic group $G$ of order $p^r$, where $p$ is a prime and $r\in\mathbb{N}$. It is well-known that the order of its greatest proper subgroup $\psi(G)$ and the number of its generators $\phi(G)$ satisfy $\psi(G)+\phi(G)=p^r$. In this paper, we give a linear version of this group theory theorem for primitive subspaces in a field extension using tools from field theory and linear algebra. We also discuss partitions of finite fields by using their primitive subspaces.
Effect of an application with video visual scene displays on communication during play: pilot study of a child with autism spectrum disorder and a peer

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and limited speech are at risk for exclusion from pretend play with their peers due in part to communication difficulties. The purpose of this pilot stu...
Analysis of Factors Related to Regional Occurrence Distribution of Scrub Typhus: 2012∼2016

쯔쯔가무시증은 가을철 대표적인 발열성 질환으로 매년 환자가 지속적으로 증가하고 있지만, 환자 발생 및 지역적으로 차이가 생기는 원인은 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이 연구에서는 고발생 지역과 저발생 지역에서 발생하는 환자의 역학적 특성과 지역적 발생 차이를 분석하였다. 2012∼2016년 신고된 환자47,717명을 대상으로 연도별, 월별, 지역별, 인구 10만 명당 발생률을 Microsoft Excel 2013과 지리정보분석시스템을 이용하여 분석하였고, 확진 환자 18,851명의 역학적 특성을 분석하였다. 월별 환자 발생은 가을철인 10∼12월이 전체 신고의 90%이상으로 높았다. 역학조사서 18,851명을 분석한 결과 다발생지역은 14,777명(78.4%), 저발생 지역은 4,074명(21.6%), 성별은 남자 7,233명(38.4%)보다 여자가 11,618명(61.6%)으로 더 많았다(P＜0.001). 임상증상은 발열이 16,688건(89.1%), 오한은 11,533건(61.2%), 근육통은 11,439명(60.7%) 순이었다. 가피(Eschar)는 몸통(어깨, 겨드랑이, 가슴, 복부, 허리) 부위가 6,005건(45.4%)으로 가장 많았고, 인구 10만 명당 환자발생 지역 중 고발생 지역은 경남, 전남, 전북, 충남 지역 순이다. 이 연구는 고발생 지역과 저발생 지역의 차이를 분석하였고, 고발생 지역은 활순털진드기의 분포 지역과 일치하였다. 쯔쯔가무시증은 온난화로 인한 털진드기의 증가와 농작업 및 야외활동의 증가가 예상되므로 환자 및 환경의 지속적인 관리 강화가 필요하다.
The Design of Saliva Wicking Scarves for Individuals with Oral Motor Impairments

Sialorrhea, or the drainage of saliva outside of the mouth, is often observed in individuals with neurologic diseases. It can cause psychosocial and physical health problems that impact quality of life. The purpose of this research was to develop quick-drying and high wicking scarves for older children aiming to be cosmetically pleasing, affordable, and functional to prevent saliva from dampening clothing. Four different wicking fabrics or waterproof fabrics were chosen as potential materials for prototype design. The researchers conducted fabric thickness, wicking, and stiffness/softness tests. The Dryline Wicking Spandex fabric was selected for prototyping because of its better comfort and moisture management performance. The researchers conducted a review of trending scarf designs and selected seven different prototype styles in this study.
Plasmon-Enhanced Greenhouse Selectivity for High-Temperature Solar Thermal Energy Conversion.

The greenhouse effect arises when thermal radiation is forced to undergo many absorption and re-emission events before escaping, while sunlight transmits largely unimpeded. Buildup of carbon dioxid...
Plural forms of governance for international strategic alliances: toward an integrative framework

Many international strategic alliances (ISAs) are characterised by plural forms of governance whereby individual, generic alliance arrangements such as equity investment, licensing, management contracts, and supply agreements coexist. Yet, most existing research on ISA governance decisions either deals with the choice of alliances against market transactions or hierarchy or studies the choice of one mode of alliance against another (such as equity versus non-equity alliances). Very limited insight is available on multinational companies' simultaneous inclusions of several, rather than only one, generic modes of alliance to establish plural ISAs for their international operations. In this paper, we tackle the issue of plural alliances in the context of selecting forms of governance for international strategic alliances. Drawing from diverse theories on interorganisational relationships, transaction cost theory, competitive strategy, organisational learning, relationship marketing, and foreign market entry modes; this paper develops an integrative conceptual model that guides company decisions on choosing plural governance forms for international strategic alliances. Research and managerial implications of the study are discussed.
Early-life persistent vitamin D deficiency-induced cardiovascular dysfunction in mice is mediated by transient receptor potential C channels.

Abstract Background Studies indicate that chronic vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may predispose to hypertension, yet, there is very little data characterizing its direct cardiac effects. Vitamin D modulates the function of transient receptor potential C cation channels (TRPC), which is a mechanosensitive cation channel that plays a role in cardiac slow-force responses to hemodynamic changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiac effects of VDD and the potential role of TRPC. Methods Three-week old mice were placed on a VDD or normal diet (ND) for 19 weeks. Mice were then implanted with radiotelemeters for the measurement of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), while a separate group was anesthetized to measure blood pressure (BP) and left ventricular function using an intraventricular probe. Animals were treated with a TRPC antagonist or vehicle after which they were challenged with dobutamine to measure cardiac responses. Results VDD mice had significantly increased BP (72 ± 3 mmHg vs. 62 ± 2 mmHg) and left ventricular pressure (LVP) (84.6 ± 0.8 mmHg vs. 78.2 ± 2.0 mmHg), and decreased cardiac contractility (−3 % vs. + 11 %) and HR response (+8 % vs. + 13 %) to dobutamine when compared to ND. These responses were blocked by the TRPC antagonist. HRV decreased with increasing dobutamine doses in ND but not VDD mice, however, the antagonist had no effect. Conclusion VDD increases BP and alters cardiac mechanical function in mice, the latter appears to be mediated by TRPC, in particular TRPC6. Although the cardiac effects might be due to increased BP, it is likely that VDD also affects the function of the heart directly. This is the first study to demonstrate the potentially deleterious effects of VDD on cardiac function and the role of TRPC6 in this response.
Review of Bantu applicative constructions

This is a review of Bantu applicative constructions by Sara Pacchiarotti. CSLI Publications, Stanford California.