cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase is involved in the degradation of the nuclear pool of the SUMO E3 ligase Siz1

The Slx5/Slx8 heterodimer constitutes a SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL) with an important role in SUMO-targeted degradation and SUMO-dependent signaling. This STUbL relies on SUMO-interacting motifs in Slx5 to aid in substrate targeting and carboxy-terminal RING domains in both Slx5 and Slx8 for substrate ubiquitylation. In budding yeast cells, Slx5 resides in the nucleus, forms distinct foci, and can associate with double-stranded DNA breaks. However, it remains unclear how STUbLs interact with other proteins and their substrates. To examine the targeting and functions of the Slx5/Slx8 STUbL, we constructed and analyzed truncations of the Slx5 protein. Our structure-function analysis reveals a domain of Slx5 involved in nuclear localization and in the interaction with Slx5, SUMO, Slx8, and a novel interactor, the SUMO E3 ligase Siz1. We further analyzed the functional interaction of Slx5 and Siz1 in vitro and in vivo. We found that a recombinant Siz1 fragment is an in vitro ubiquitylation target of the Slx5/Slx8 STUbL. Furthermore, slx5 cells accumulate phosphorylated and sumoylated adducts of Siz1 in vivo. Specifically, we show that Siz1 can be ubiquitylated in vivo and is degraded in an Slx5-dependent manner when its nuclear egress is prevented in mitosis. In conclusion, our data provide a first look into the STUbL-mediated regulation of a SUMO E3 ligase.
Autoaggregation Response of Fusobacterium nucleatum

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative oral bacterial species associated with periodontal disease progression. This species is perhaps best known for its ability to adhere to a vast array of other bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Numerous studies of F. nucleatum have examined various coaggregation partners and inhibitors, but it is largely unknown whether these interactions induce a particular genetic response. We tested coaggregation between F. nucleatum ATCC strain 25586 and various species of Streptococcus in the presence of a semidefined growth medium containing saliva. We found that this condition could support efficient coaggregation but, surprisingly, also stimulated a similar degree of autoaggregation. We further characterized the autoaggregation response, since few reports have examined this in F. nucleatum. After screening several common coaggregation inhibitors, we identified L-lysine as a competitive inhibitor of autoaggregation. We performed a microarray analysis of the planktonic versus autoaggregated cells and found nearly 100 genes that were affected after only about 60 min of aggregation. We tested a subset of these genes via real-time reverse transcription-PCR and confirmed the validity of the microarray results. Some of these genes were also found to be inducible in cell pellets created by centrifugation. Based upon these data, it appears that autoaggregation activates a genetic program that may be utilized for growth in a high cell density environment, such as the oral biofilm.
WISC-IV profiles are associated with differences in symptomatology and outcome in children with ADHD

Objective: The current study investigated the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) cluster profiles of children with ADHD to examine the association between IQ profiles...
Management of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Rates and predictors of care in an academic rheumatology practice

Objective To examine rheumatologists' management practices for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking glucocorticoids seen at one academic medical rheumatology practice. Methods All patients diagnosed with RA making at least 2 visits to the practice who were noted to be taking glucocorticoids on an index visit in January or February 1999 were included in a retrospective chart review. Results Of the 623 eligible patients identified with RA, 236 patients were taking glucocorticoids at their index visit and were included in this study. The mean daily dosage of prednisone (or its equivalent) was 8.8 mg and the mean duration of use during the 2-year chart review was 15.4 months. Twenty-three percent of the study population underwent bone densitometry, and 42% were prescribed a medication that reduces bone loss (not including calcium and/or vitamin D). Calcium and/or vitamin D were noted on the medication lists of 25% of patients. Factors associated with not undergoing bone densitometry in adjusted logistic models included male patient sex and premenopausal status in women. No physician factors were significantly related to performing bone densitometry. Variables associated with not receiving prescription treatment of osteoporosis were male patient sex, premenopausal status, and having at least 1 comorbid condition. Conclusion Patients with RA taking oral glucocorticoids did not routinely undergo bone densitometry and/or receive prescription medications for osteoporosis. Men and premenopausal women were less likely to undergo bone densitometry and to receive a prescription medication for osteoporosis than postmenopausal women. Interventions to improve detection and prevention of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis are necessary.
Yield Spreads and Interest Rate Movements: A Bird's Eye View

This paper examines postwar U.S. term structure data and finds that for almost any combination of maturities between one month and ten years, a high yield spread between a longer-term and a shorter-term interest rate forecasts rising shorter-term interest rates over the long term, but a declining yield on the longer-term bond over the short term. This pattern is inconsistent with the expectations theory of the term structure, but is consistent with a model in which the spread is proportional to the value implied by the expectations theory.
Atypical Antipsychotics: Part II Adverse Effects, Drug Interactions, and Costs

OBJECTIVE:To compare the adverse effects, drug interactions, and costs of conventional and atypical agents, and to provide a summary of therapeutic guidelines. Part I compared the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of atypical and conventional agents.DATA SOURCES:Information was retrieved from a MEDLINE English-language literature search from June 1986 to June 1998 and by review of references. Indexing terms included atypical antipsychotics, neuroleptics, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, sertindole, quetiapine, and ziprasidone.STUDY SELECTION:Comparative studies were selected when possible; placebo-controlled studies were included when data were limited on newer atypical antipsychotics.DATA EXTRACTION:Emphasis was placed on properly designed clinical trials that assessed dosage, expanded efficacy, enhanced adverse effect profile, and cost.DATA SYNTHESIS:Significant adverse effects are agranulocytosis with clozapine, dose-dependent extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) with risperidone, and neurol...
Morphological properties of mouse retinal ganglion cells

The mouse retina offers an increasingly valuable model for vision research given the possibilities for genetic manipulation. Here we assess how the structural properties of mouse retinal ganglion cells relate to the stratification pattern of the dendrites of these neurons within the inner plexiform layer. For this purpose, we used 14 morphological measures to classify mouse retinal ganglion cells parametrically into different clusters. Retinal ganglion cells were labeled in one of three ways: Lucifer Yellow injection, 'DiOlistics' or transgenic expression of yellow fluorescent protein. The resulting analysis of 182 cells revealed 10 clusters of monostratified cells, with dendrites confined to either On or Off sublaminae of the inner plexiform layer, and four clusters of bistratified cells, dendrites spanning the On and Off sublaminae. We also sought to establish how these parametrically identified retinal ganglion cell clusters relate to cell types identified previously on the basis of immunocytochemical staining and the expression of yellow fluorescent protein. Cells labeled with an antibody against melanopsin were found to be located within a single cluster, while those labeled with the SMI-32 antibody were in four different clusters. Yellow fluorescent protein expressing cells were distributed within 13 of the 14 clusters identified here, which demonstrates that yellow fluorescent protein expression is a useful method for labeling virtually the entire population of mouse retinal ganglion cells. Collectively, these findings provide a valuable baseline for future studies dealing with the effects of genetic mutations on the morphological development of these neurons.
Canine cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles demonstrate rapid initial Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange activity.

To identify a rapid, uninhibited rate of exchange activity, we investigated in canine sarcolemmal vesicles the rapid kinetics of Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange. Sarcolemmal vesicles were incubated in 160 mM NaCl and 20 mM HEPES at 25 degrees C (pH 7.4) and actively loaded with 45Ca2+ for 2 minutes by Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange. After further uptake was inhibited by dilution into 0.15 mM Na(+)-free EGTA, sarcolemmal vesicles were immobilized on a rapid filtration apparatus that allowed millisecond resolution of 45Ca2+ fluxes. In the presence of external NaCl (Na+o) but not other monovalent cations (i.e., K+, Li+), a biphasic pattern of Ca2+ release was observed--an initial brief and rapid rate of Ca2+ release followed by a second slower, prolonged phase of Ca2+ release. Semilogarithmic plots of sarcolemmal Ca2+ content versus time were not linear but were consistent with a biexponential rate of Na+o-induced Ca2+ release during the first several seconds of the exchange reaction. The fast phase of Na+o-stimulated Ca2+ release was several thousand-fold more rapid than that in the absence of Na+o. Both phases of Ca2+ release showed a similar Na+o dependence (Km, approximately 12 mM) with evidence of a positive cooperative effect of Na+. Vmax of the fast and slow phases were approximately 37.0 and approximately 0.76 nmol/mg/sec, respectively. Using rapid-reaction techniques, we demonstrated in the present study that the initial velocity of sarcolemmal Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange activity is greater than previously reported in sarcolemmal vesicles and that this exchange process exhibits complex rate behavior with a biphasic pre-steady state kinetic pattern.
More Realistic Single Equation Models Through Specification of Random Coefficients

Regression analysis with its many modifications and extensions plays a dominant role as an analytical tool in economic research. The linear regression model with random coefficients (hereafter RCR for random coefficient regression) provides a generalization of the classical linear regression model and permits a more realistic specification of the real world than does the classical model. As a consequence RCR will probably play an increasingly important role in econometric analysis of a wide class of problems-particularly as probabilistic micro-economic theory develops.
The renin-angiotensin system does not contribute to the endothelial dysfunction and increased infarct size in rats exposed to second hand smoke.

Keywords: angiotensin II, second hand smoke, ischaemiareperfusion, infarct size, endothelial dysfunction
LITTER BREAKDOWN IN MOUNTAIN STREAMS AFFECTED BY MINE DRAINAGE: BIOTIC MEDIATION OF ABIOTIC CONTROLS

Breakdown of plant litter in streams was studied as an example of a major ecological process subject to change through multiple stresses associated with mine drain- age. Rates of litter breakdown were measured at 27 sites in streams of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, USA. Eight of the sites were pristine, and 19 were affected to varying degrees by mine drainage. The pH, concentrations of dissolved zinc, and deposition rates of metal oxides were measured in each stream. Rates of litter breakdown were estimated from changes in mass of willow leaves in litterbags. Biomass of shredding invertebrates in litterbags was monitored at each site, as was microbial respiration on litter. Of the abiotic variables, increased concentrations of zinc and increased deposition rates of metal oxides were most closely related to decreased rates of litter breakdown. Biomass of shredding invertebrates was negatively related to concentration of dissolved zinc and deposition of metal oxides and was more closely related to breakdown rates than was microbial respi- ration. Microbial respiration was related negatively to deposition rates of metal oxides and positively to nutrient concentrations. Shredder biomass and microbial respiration together accounted for 76% of the variation in breakdown rates. Remediation schemes for streams affected by mine drainage should take into account the distinct ecological effects of the multiple stresses caused by mine drainage (pH, high concentrations of dissolved metals, deposition of metal oxides); remediation of a single stress is likely to be ineffective.
Molecular cloning and transmembrane structure of hCLCA2 from human lung, trachea, and mammary gland

The CLCA family of Ca2+-activated Cl− channels has recently been discovered, with an increasing number of closely related members isolated from different species. Here we report the cloning of the ...
Influence of Treatment and Tumor Grade on the Prognosis of Stage II Carcinoma of the Endometrium

A retrospective analysis of 53 patients with stage II endometrial carcinoma treated between 1963 and 1975 was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of treatment methods and the effect of tumor grade on survival and failure. Thirty-eight patients were irradiated preoperatively followed by total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, 15 were followed for at least 5 years with no lost to follow-up. An overall 5-year disease-free survival of 60.6 per cent was obtained. Further analysis of the data showed that tumor grade and treatment method were important factors influencing the prognosis. The data support the improved survival rate when irradiation is followed by hysterectomy. Patients with a low grade tumor (G1) given preoperative irradiation have a better survival than those with high grade tumor (G3) treated by the same method. Failure rate is also dependent on method of treatment and tumor grade. The results are in agreement with several data in the literature that combination of the irradiation and surgery should be the treatment of choice for stage II endometrial carcinoma. Tumor grade is also an important factor and must be evaluated for the extension of the disease before the proper management. For the high grade tumor, para-aortic node sampling might be important for the irradiation and should warrant further investigation.
Judging the Judges: Appellate Review of Immigration Decisions

Immigration can be a divisive issue and the federal appellate courts must decide thousands of immigration cases every year. The outcomes of these decisions have large ramifications for the immigrants facing deportation and the executive agencies tasked with enforcing immigration law. The appellate judges adjudicating these cases hold a wide array of beliefs about the efficacy of the current immigration system. While the scope of appellate courts’ review of immigration decisions appears rigidly circumscribed by statute, the true breadth of appellate court review is much more porous. Thus, the governing framework provides judges with a fair amount of latitude when deciding how they are going to assess an immigration case. This article examines how judges’ immigration predispositions can factor into their decision-making processes. The goal of this article is not to fault judges for expressly or implicitly bringing to bare their perceptions on immigration matters. Indeed, even the sincerest effort to remain neutral cannot erase the individual beliefs and experiences that necessarily couch a judge’s decision-making lens. Rather, this article seeks to identify instances, on both sides of the spectrum, where appellate judges’ viewpoints may lead to outcomes that do not comport with the legal framework of their oversight prerogative. A measured degree of divergence among judicial approaches to immigration cases can be beneficial. However, decisions that stray too far from the established framework negatively impact immigration law and the adjudication process in a number of significant ways.
The Role of International, Technological and Social Context in Considering Strategic Alliances in the Biotech–Pharmaceutical Industry

In this issue, we have a thought-provoking article that relates to managing risk in designing strategic alliances in the biotech–pharmaceutical space. Joanne L. Scillitoe, Shanthi Gopalakrishnan, a...
Searching for Cues: An Analysis on Factors Effecting the Decision Making Process of Regional Airline Pilots

Research on aviation accidents and incidents has indicated humans are potentially the “weak link” in the chain of accident causation. The problem faced by researchers here is there is often no clear standard of determining what decision is “correct” or “incorrect“. In addition, the loose coupling of an event outcome and the decision process makes it hard researchers to use accident reports as a reliable indicator of the quality of the decision. The goal of this research is to explore cognitive processes of pilots when dealing with the types of decisions required under time pressure and with conflicting information and how pilots use information as they are performing diagnostic and decision-making tasks in the automated cockpit. Differences were found between pilots with more experience in automated aircrafts however predicted automation bias effects were non-apparent.
Contributions to the analysis of tissue growth

1) Living tissue is noted as early as twenty-four hours. Greatest activity in tubule cells and fibroblasts is between the fifth and seventh days. Very little kidney regeneration is observed after the fourteenth day. 2) No apparent difference between the autoplastic and homoeoplastic tissue is seen until sometime about the ninth day. More rapid destruction of the regenerated tubules takes place in the homoeoplastic than in the autoplastic tissue after this time, as a result of connective tissue invasion. 3) Those conditions which lead, after the removal of one kidney, to compensatory hypertrophy in the other kidney, do not produce any change in the transplanted pieces.
Understanding Cultural Sway: An Essential Component for Competent Practice

ABSTRACTPower has a great deal of sway in the therapeutic arena, especially when variant cultures are involved. Social workers have a responsibility when formulating assessments as well as developing and carrying out treatment plans to understand their clients’ unique cultural gestalt. This article will discuss how clients’ variant cultural components impact and influence clinical work by analyzing two interacting forces: the practitioner’s awareness of self and the new concept, cultural sway (culture with the interwoven dynamic of power). A discussion of the presence of awareness and cultural sway in the therapeutic process (assessment and intervention) will follow.
Optimum Design of Support Brackets of Evaporators based on BP Neural Network and Improved Genetic Algorithm

The optimum structure parameters were selected using significance analysis,the sample data of neural network were determined using orthogonal testing method and finite element method,the artificial neura1 network mode1 which reflected the structure features was established to provide fitness function for genetic algorithm,the function optimization was conducted using improved genetic algorithm.The results of comparison and analysis show that the volume of optimum structure decreased by 19.9%,and the buckling load increased by 293% in comparison with those of initial structure,and the intensity condition was satisfied.
Highly Compact and Robust 3D Imaging and Shape Measurement System

The fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is one of the most widely used techniques for three-dimensional (3D) imaging and 3D shape measurements. In this paper, a FPP-based compact, portable, easy-to-implement yet robust 3D imaging and shape measurement system is explored and established. The system utilizes a series of advanced electronic devices, such as a single board computer, a credit-card sized projector, and a USB camera. It employs a number of novel techniques including ultrafast phase unwrapping with multi-frequency fringes, effective gamma correction of digital projection, arbitrary setup of system components, automatic system calibration with a least-squares inverse approach, and multi-thread parallel processing for 3D shape acquisition, reconstruction and display. The system not only provides full-field 3D information with high accuracy and fast speed, but also possesses remarkable features including but not limited to high compactness, easy implementation, and superior capability of dealing with multiple objects with complex shapes in a wide measurement range.
Synthesis and characterization of nano-sized Poly(APMA)-DOTA-Copper conjugate for radionuclide cancer therapy: Assessment of stability and distribution in vivo by microPET imaging

1577 Objectives: To study stability and distribution of Poly(APMA)-DOTA-Copper nanoparticles in vivo by intratumoral injection of the nanoparticles conjugated with copper-64 radioisotope and subsequent microPET imaging. Methods: N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide (APMA) nano-sized polymer was synthesized by free radical precipitation polymerization in acetone/DMSO using N,N’-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as the initiator. The poly(APMA) was characterized with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and dynamic light scattering (DLC). Then 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) was conjugated with the poly(APMA) using 1-(3-dimetylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) as an activator. To assess stability and retention of the nanoparticles in the tumor tissues, the Poly(APMA)-DOTA nanoparticles conjugated with copper-64 chloride (64CuCl2) were directly injected to the human prostate cancer xenograft tissues in mice, followed by whole body imaging using a Concorde microPET R4 tomograph at 1 and 24 hours post injection of the nanoparticles. Results: Nano-sized poly(APMA)-DOTA polymers conjugated with 64Cu radionuclide were synthesized and characterized as a nano-sized particle (Mw ~3 KDa, effective diameter ~ 60 nm). Following intratumoral injection, the nanoparticles conjugated with 64Cu were localized in the human prostate cancer xenograft tissues with little leakage of the 64Cu radionuclide from the tumor to the normal mouse organs, as demonstrated by intense 64Cu signals in the region of the tumor xenograft on the microPET images and little radioactivity signals in the other regions of the mouse body. Conclusions: The nano-sized Poly(APMA)-DOTA polymer conjugated with a therapeutic β-emitter copper isotope, such as 67Cu, might be useful for radionuclide cancer therapy by interventional delivery of the nanoparticles to a tumor lesion. Research Support (if any): Research Development Award from Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University
Exact Distributions of the Linear Combination of Gamma and Rayleigh Random Variables

The distribution of a linear combination of random variables arise in many applied problems, and have been extensively studied by different researchers. This article derived the exact distribution of the linear combination aX + bY , where a > 0 and b are real constants, and X and Y denote gamma and Rayleigh random variables respectively and are distributed independently of each other. The associated cdfs and pdfs have been derived. The plots for the cdf and pdf, percentile points for selected coefficients and parameters, and the statistical application of the results have been provided. We hope the findings of the paper will be useful for practitioners in various fields.
Three Great Filmmakers: Haldeman, Ehrlichman & Chapin, or Nixon's Home Movies

A description and analysis of home movies filmed by H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and Dwight Chapin while working for President Nixon.
Team-Based Learning

Team-Based Learning (TBL) is a large group, peer teaching strategy, that can alternately be described as an expert-led, interactive and analytical teaching strategy. TBL keeps the class together (large group) with one or more expert(s) while the students apply the content to specific problems (analytical) in small groups (interactive) at intervals during the learning session. The students are expected to prepare prior to the session. Content is used throughout the session rather than simply introduced. This approach allows students to practice with the content under the watchful eye of the expert.
9 Square in the Air: Not Your Parents' Traditional Four Square Game

Physical educators are constantly looking for new ideas and activities that will quickly grab the interest of their students. 9 Square in the Air is a game that does just this. The game was developed as a way to integrate students who enjoy volleyball and those who like Four Square. 9 Square in the Air provides the opportunity for students to use many common game skills (i.e., hand-eye coordination, passing, strategizing, defense), while simultaneously learning to cooperate and resolve conflict. This article examines the game, the rules, and implementation and benefits of 9 Square in the Air in physical education. Teachers will also find tips for implementing this game at all levels and drills that will help their students find increasing success. Readers will find that this game embraces many concepts of the comprehensive school physical activity program as well as the National Standards for physical education. Finally, a simple case study depicts exactly how one elementary school implemented 9 Square in...
Long-term impact of sepsis on cardiovascular health.

Recent retrospective epidemiological studies demonstrated that new-onset cardiovascular disease is one of the most emerging issues among sepsis survivors. Sepsis incident may also accelerate cardiovascular dysfunction/disease existing prior to sepsis. This review summarizes recent key literature on long-term cardiovascular outcomes after sepsis and pneumonia, and highlights potential biologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms that contribute to long-term cardiovascular disease after a sepsis incident. Prospective pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to characterize cardiovascular dysfunction after sepsis, the role of chronic biologic sequelae in pathophysiology of post-sepsis cardiovascular disease, and design interventions to prevent and reduce long-term cardiovascular burden of sepsis.
The Role of the UNISIST/ICSU-AB Reference Manual in Data Base Processing

Most computer-produced bibliographic data bases must serve two masters, (1) printed products such as abstract bulletins, bibliographies, and indexes, and (2) on-line and batch searching. It is also desirable that a data base be compatible with others in format and data elements. The Reference Manual is judged on these criteria, based on its use for the GeoRef data base.
Lower anterior face height and lip incompetence do not predict nasal airway obstruction.

Abstract The controversy regarding nasal obstruction and malocclusion has been largely due to the inability to quantitate nasal airway function and hence objectively determine the mode of breathing. The purpose of this study was to measure the nasal airway resistance of patients before and after rapid maxillary expansion (RME), to compare them to a control group of subjects not receiving RME, and to measure oral/nasal airflow ratios (respiratory mode). An evaluation of the statistical associations between anterior facial height, lip posture, oral/nasal airflow ratios, and nasal resistance was undertaken. The effects of RME on nasal resistance have been reported elsewhere. We found that variation, for resistance values, was very high, and thus the median response for the group was not an adequate estimation of individual response. In this paper we describe associations between lip posture, lower anterior facial height, and nasal resistance. No significant correlations could be established between respirato...
Electron-Stimulated Desorption of D n + Clusters from Condensed Deuterium Layers on Pd(111) Between 5 and 20 K

Electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) of ions from deuterium condensed on a Pd(111) surface has been measured at temperatures between 5 and 20 K. Exposure of a palladium sample to gas phase D2 at surface temperatures, Ts, below 8 K results in the growth of solid deuterium multilayers. Bombardment of these layers by 100 eV electrons gives rise to the desorption of Dn + clusters which, except for n=2, are comprised of odd numbers of atoms with n as large as 21 observed. By examining the cluster size distribution as a function of the thickness of the solid deuterium layer we conclude that the larger clusters are produced when an ion, formed within the multilayer by electron excitation, collides with surrounding D2 molecules in the condensed layer as it is ejected from the surface. The cluster size distribution also indicates that many of the larger clusters are produced with internal energies exceeding their binding energy and that these “hot” species dissociate into smaller fragments shortly upon leaving the surface. Examination of the temperature dependence of the various ion yields reveals that ion production correlates well with surface coverage in a straightforward manner. Finally, the dependence of the ESD signal upon the incident electron beam energy shows the existence of a threshold between 30 and 35 eV for the production of high kinetic energy D+. This threshold is in the same region as the D2 +(2pσu) state which is known from gas phase experiments to dissociate to D(1s) and D+.
Relationship between SHARE-FI Frailty Scores and Physical Performance Measures in Older Adult Medicaid Recipients

The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe-Frailty Instrument (SHARE-FI) is a frailty assessment tool designed for primary care settings comprised of four self-report questions and grip strength measurement, yet it is not known how SHARE-FI scores relate to objective physical performance measures that assess physical functioning, fall risk, and disability. This cross-sectional, observational study examined the association between SHARE-FI scores and a battery of physical performance measures in a sample of older adult, Medicaid waiver recipients (n = 139, mean age = 74.19 ± 8.36 years). We administered the SHARE-FI, Timed Up and Go (TUG), gait speed, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in participants' homes. Among clients, 45% were frail, 35% pre-frail, and 20% non-frail. There were significant differences in all physical performance measure scores with respect to SHARE-FI category. SHARE-FI continuous scores significantly predicted TUG time, all domains of the SPPB, gait speed, and inability to complete the chair rise test. Self-reported walking difficulty and objectively measured gait speed were significantly correlated. The SHARE-FI continuous frailty score predicts scores on a variety of validated physical performance measures. Given the fast administration time, the SHARE-FI could potentially be used to serve as a surrogate for physical performance measures with known association with physical function, fall risk, and disability.
Two for one? Effects of a couples intervention on partners of persons with Type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

Aims To compare the outcomes of partners who participated in a telephone couples behavioural intervention to improve glycaemic control in persons with Type 2 diabetes with those of untreated partners of participants in an individual intervention or education; to explore 'ripple effects', i.e. positive behaviour changes seen in untreated partners. Methods The Diabetes Support Project was a three-arm randomized telephone intervention trial comparing outcomes of couples calls (CC), individual calls (IC) and diabetes education calls (DE). Couples included one partner with Type 2 diabetes and HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol (7.5%). All arms received self-management education (two calls). CC and IC arms participated in 10 additional behaviour change calls. CC included partners, emphasizing partner communication, collaboration and support. Blinded assessments were performed at 4, 8 and 12 months. Partner outcomes were psychosocial (diabetes distress, relationship satisfaction, depressive symptoms), medical (BMI, blood pressure) and behavioural (fat intake, activity). Results Partners' (N = 268) mean age was 55.8 years, 64.6% were female and 29.9% were from minority ethnic groups. CC (vs. IC and DE) partners had greater reductions in diabetes distress, greater increases in marital satisfaction (4 and 8 months), and some improvements in diastolic BP. There were no consistent differences among arms in other outcomes. There was no evidence of a dietary or activity behaviour ripple effect on untreated partners, i.e. comparing partners in the IC and DE arms. Conclusions A collaborative couples intervention resulted in significant improvements in partner diabetes distress and relationship satisfaction. There were no consistent effects on behavioural or medical partner outcomes, and no evidence of diet or activity behaviour ripple effects, suggesting that partners should be targeted directly to achieve these changes. (Clinical Trial Registry No: NCT01017523).
Transcriptomic Analysis of Cellular Pathways in Healing Flexor Tendons of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1/Serpine1) Null Mice

Injuries to flexor tendons can be complicated by fibrotic adhesions, which severely impair the function of the hand. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1/SERPINE1), a master suppressor of fibrinolysis and protease activity, is associated with adhesions. Here, we used next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to assess genome-wide differences in messenger RNA expression due to PAI-1 deficiency after zone II flexor tendon injury. We used the ingenuity pathway analysis to characterize molecular pathways and biological drivers associated with differentially expressed genes (DEG). Analysis of hundreds of overlapping and DEG in PAI-1 knockout (KO) and wild-type mice (C57Bl/6J) during tendon healing revealed common and distinct biological processes. Pathway analysis identified cell proliferation, survival, and senescence, as well as chronic inflammation as potential drivers of fibrotic healing and adhesions in injured tendons. Importantly, we identified the activation of PTEN signaling and the inhibition of FOXO1-associated biological processes as unique transcriptional signatures of the healing tendon in the PAI-1/Serpine1 KO mice. Further, transcriptomic differences due to the genetic deletion of PAI-1 were mechanistically linked to PI3K/Akt/mTOR, PKC, and MAPK signaling cascades. These transcriptional observations provide novel insights into the biological roles of PAI-1 in tendon healing and could identify therapeutic targets to achieve scar-free regenerative healing of tendons. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:43-58, 2020.
Vitamin E absorption and kinetics in healthy women, as modulated by food and by fat, studied using 2 deuterium-labeled α-tocopherols in a 3-phase crossover design

BACKGROUND Determining the human vitamin E [α-tocopherol (α-T)] requirement is difficult, and novel approaches to assess α-T absorption and trafficking are needed. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the dual-isotope technique, using 2 deuterium-labeled [intravenous (IV) d6- and oral d3-] α-T, would be effective in determining α-T fractional absorption. Further, defined liquid meal (DLM) fat or fasting would modulate α-T fractional absorption and lipoprotein transport. METHODS A 3-phase cr ossover design was used. At 0 h, participants received IV d6-α-T and consumed d3-α-T with a 600-kcal DLM (40% or 0% fat) followed by controlled meals or by the 0% fat DLM, a 12-h fast, and then controlled meals. Blood samples and fecal samples were collected at intervals and analyzed by LC-MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma tracer concentrations and enrichments. Fractional absorption was calculated from d3- to d6-α-T areas under the curve, from a novel mathematical model, and from the balance method (oral d3-α-T minus fecal d3-α-T excreted). RESULTS Estimated α-T fractional absorption during the 40% fat intervention was 55% ± 3% (mean ± SEM; n = 10), which was 9% less than during the 0% fat intervention (64% ± 3%, n = 10; P < 0.02). Fasting had no apparent effect (56% ± 3%, n = 7), except it slowed plasma oral d3-α-T appearance. Both balance data and model outcomes confirmed that the DLM fat did not potentiate d3-α-T absorption. During the IV emulsion clearance, HDL rapidly acquired d6-α-T (21 ± 2 nmol/L plasma per minute). During the first 8 h postdosing, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) were preferentially d3-α-T enriched relative to LDL or HDL, showing the TRL precursor role. CONCLUSIONS Quantitatively, α-T absorption is not limited by fat absence or by fasting. However, α-T leaves the intestine by a process that is prolonged during fasting and potentiated by eating, suggesting that α-T absorption is highly dependent on chylomicron assembly processes. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00862433.
Radially expanding dilatation

Trocars used in laparoscopic surgery occasionally produce serious complications, such as bleeding, visceral injury, or incisional hernia. We report the evaluation of a new, potentially safer laparoscopic access device in which the cutting obturator of a standard trocar is replaced by a blunt, radially expanding device. Conventional and radially expanding trocars were used in laparoscopic cholecystectomies in 12 pigs. Their abdominal walls were excised and the defects caused by the trocars were examined. The defects caused by the radially expanding devices were about 50% narrower (P<0.001), and the incidence of abdominal wall bleeding was considerably less (0% vs 21%) with the radially expanding trocars. Since incisional hernias at trocar sites are related to the size of the abdominal wall defect, the use of radially expanding trocars should decrease the incidence of this complication. There should also be less risk of visceral injury.
Wind Instrument Technique, Function, and Evaluation: An Overview

Research relevant to the interactions of the vocal tract and wind instruments has been limited with varied foci. However, a relationship among dentofacial anomalies and various wind instruments, and the effects of each area upon the other, exists. However, published materials for medical practitioners and musicians that clearly connect the relevance of scientific research in voice and dentofacial structures with traditional pedagogical practice and ideology in wind instrument instruction have not existed until now. The revelation that the entire vocal tract can suffer damage or discomfort due to wind instrument performance has gained more focus as a central topic of investigation, as opposed to an anecdotal observation, over approximately the past 70 years. Yet, very few of the findings have been shared with musicians, music teachers, and instrumentalists. This chapter focuses on connecting the scientific findings in medicine and dentistry with the traditional applications and practices of playing, teaching, and working with wind instrumentalists from the musician’s perspective.
SaFIoV: A Secure and Fast Communication in Fog-based Internet-of-Vehicles using SDN and Blockchain

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a decentralized network that enables data sharing between connected vehicles and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). However, since different IoV applications have varied Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements, creating an effective solution to cope with big data in IoV is challenging. Fog computing addresses the inherent flaw of centralized data processing in cloud computing by offloading computationally-intensive tasks to closely located fog nodes. Also, with an increasing number of vehicles under the IoV architecture, new challenges and requirements are emerging such as scalability, efficient resource usage, and secure communication. In this paper, we address the problems of load-balancing and secure communication in SDN-enabled and fog-based IoV networks. Our methodology (SaFIoV) efficiently distributes tasks in the fog-to-fog and vehicles-to-fog layers using reinforcement learning (RL) methods. Moreover, powered by Blockchain technology, our method provides secure communication. The result of our experimental study shows that SaFIoV can efficiently utilize the available resources while avoiding congestion and minimizing latency in the IoV network.
Balayage of Excessive Measures

Recall [S, (12.1)] that an (F t ) stopping time, T, is a weak terminal time provided (i) for each t, \(t + T \circ {{\theta }_{t}} = T\) a.s. on t 0: X t ∈ B} is an exact terminal time in the above sense, while D B : = inf {t ≥ 0: X t ∈ B} is a terminal time. Moreover T B is the exact regularization of D B .
ISOLATED CONGENITAL PULMONIC INSUFFICIENCY: DIFFERENTIATION OF MILD FROM SEVERE REGURGITATION.

Abstract The clinical, phonocardiographic and hemodynamic manifestations of isolated congenital pulmonary insufficiency in 4 patients are reported. Two clinical varieties of this anomaly have been observed, and a review of the reported cases with adequate documentation support this concept. Group I includes the older patients with physical evidence of right ventricular overload; roentgenologic evidence of right ventricular enlargement, prominent pulmonary arteries and a vigorous “hilar dance;” electrocardiographic abnormalities; phonocardiograms which demonstrate a low-pitched, crescendodecrescendo, mid-diastolic murmur; and hemodynamic evidence of early equilibration of the diastolic pressures in the pulmonary artery and right ventricle. The available evidence suggests that the individuals in this group have moderate to severe pulmonic insufficiency. Group II is composed of younger patients with minimal or no physical evidence of right ventricular overload; milder roentgenologic and electrocardiographic abnormalities; phonocardiograms which demonstrate a higher-pitched, decrescendo diastolic murmur; and end-diastolic equilibration of the pulmonary artery and right ventricular pressures. Patients in this group have a milder degree of insufficiency.
Indexing Integrated Manual Sets at Northern Telecom

Cet article presente le projet mis en place par l'entreprise Northern Telecom aux Etats-Unis qui permet une nouvelle approche de l'indexation des sujets de la documentation technique de l'entreprise, en effet, les modeles d'indexation traditionnels ne s'appliquent pas toujours a la documentation technique et des problemes d'acces a l'information se posent alors. Apres une presentation des problemes que posent les modeles d'indexation traditionnels et les besoins des utilisateurs de cette entreprise, une enquete permettant d'evaluer les besoins des utilisateurs lorsqu'ils effectuent un recherche d'information est presentee et interpretee
A desarmonia da democracia

A vontade popular pode dar apoio a decisoes politicas que estao em contradicao com as proprias condicoes para o governo da maioria. Argumenta-se que ha uma forma de conceber o ideal democratico - a "democracia deliberativa" - que resolve esse paradoxo da "democracia populista" sem negar, como faz o "liberalismo negativo", o valor do autogoverno na esfera da politica. Mesmo o ideal de democracia deliberativa, entretanto, nao tem como escapar da desarmonia entre a autodeterminacao na politica e a autodeterminacao individual.
Computer Science in the Information Age

The last forty years have seen computer science evolve as a major academic discipline. Today the field is undergoing a major change. Some of the drivers of this change are the internet, the world wide web, large sensor networks, large quantities of information in digital form and the wide spread use of computers for accessing information. This change is requiring universities to revise the content of computer science programs. This talk will cover the changes in the theoretical foundations needed to support information access in the coming years.
Variably lytic infection dynamics of large Bacteroidetes podovirus phi38:1 against two Cellulophaga baltica host strains

Bacterial viruses (phages) influence global biogeochemical cycles by modulating bacterial mortality, metabolic output and evolution. However, our understanding of phage infections is limited by few methods and environmentally relevant model systems. Prior work showed that Cellulophaga baltica phage ϕ38:1 infects its original host lytically, and an alternative host either delayed lytically or lysogenically. Here we investigate these infections through traditional and marker-based approaches, and introduce geneELISA for high-throughput examination of phage-host interactions. All methods confirmed the lytic, original host infection (70-80 min latent period; approximately eight phages produced per cell), but alternative host assays were more challenging. A 4.5 h experiment detected no phage production by plaque assay, whereas phageFISH and geneELISA revealed phage genome replication and a latent period ≥ 150 min. Longer experiments (26 h) suggested an 11 h latent period and a burst size of 871 by plaque assay, whereas phageFISH identified cell lysis starting at < 5 h and lasting to 11 h, but for only 7% to 21.5% of infected cells, respectively, and with ∼ 39 phages produced per cell. These findings help resolve the nature of the alternative host infection as delayed lytic and offer solutions to methodological challenges for studying inefficient phage-host interactions.
Non-holonomic Kinematics and the Role of Elliptic Functions in Constructive Controllability

Beginning around 1963 with the paper of Hermann [1] there began to be developed a theory of controllability that included nonlinear effects in a mathematically natural way. By the early 1970’s this work was in full swing, with several centers of activity throughout the world. In addition to the study of thermodynamic paths, which were the inspiration for the earlier work of Caratheodory and Chow, a number of other physical problems began to be studied using these techniques. Among these were a set of questions concerning the control of rigid bodies. Some of these are mentioned in reference [2] and several others, including the development of necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability of the Euler equations in body fixed, angular velocity space, were discussed in [3] [4] [5]. One could characterize the bulk of this work as being nonconstructive in the sense that the authors gave sufficient conditions for the existence of a control which steered the state from one point to another but did not give a procedure for computing such a control.
Direct measurement of polariton–polariton interaction strength

Exciton–polariton condensates have garnered interest as a means to access macroscopic displays of quantum phenomena such as Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity. In this work, a direct measure of the polariton–polariton interaction is obtained.