cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Endodontic access to maxillary lateral incisors

One hundred thirty-one maxillary lateral incisors were radiographed from a mesiodistal vantage point. Projections of the buccal and lingual walls onto the incisal showed that 16 percent opened to the buccal of the incisal edge; 32.9 percent were buccal and inclusive of the incisal edge, 43.5 percent were buccal and lingual to the incisal edge, 6.9 percent were inclusive of the lingual to the incisal edge, and 0.8 percent were entirely to the lingual of the incisal edge. Theoretically, the highest success rate that could be achieved for that portion of endodontic therapy that depends upon canal debridement would be gained by having the occlusal access opening in the most direct path to the long axis of the root canal. In this study it has been shown that, for maxillary lateral incisors, that path would necessitate that out occlusal opening be made inclusive of and slightly buccal to the incisal edge.
Pollution and oxidative stress in schoolchildren

In this issue of Indian Pediatrics, investigators from Belgrade and Pancevo report on a comparison of blood plasma chemistry between children living in a petrochemicalpolluted city and a nearby more rural (and supposedly cleaner) city in Serbia(1). Of 24 measurements made on the plasma, three showed significance which appeared to be related to increased oxidative stress in the polluted city: (i) elevated (26%) malondialdehyde (MDA), (ii) decreased (14%) activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and (iii) decreased activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON1) among a genetic subgroup of the children.
Incomplete cholecystogastric fistula.

Abstract A case of incomplete cholecystogastric fistula has been presented. This case has been shown to be a problem of diagnosis in respect to gastrointestinal hemorrhage and gastric neoplasm.
Interlinked Barrier Chain and Delta Lobe Development, Northern Gulf of Mexico

Abstract A wealth of new data provides a well-constrained chronology of mid- to late Holocene coastal development in the Louisiana–Mississippi borderland that may also be utilized in a globally applicable sedimentation model. Barrier sand and deltaic mud sequences illustrate a process by which potential ground water and hydrocarbon reservoir rocks accumulated unusually rapidly and were preserved. Set against decelerating Holocene sea-level rise and locally variable subsidence rates, the study provides an example of the interplay between an emerging, prograding, and partially stranded barrier island chain, a sizable estuary, and several extensive delta lobes. Utilizing microfossil fauna-based depositional facies information and archaeological data, absolute dates helped to reconstruct the history of the Alabama–Louisiana barrier chain and deltas between ca. 5.7 and ca. 1.5 14C ka BP. Protected by the substantial dune cover that prevented island submersion, the regional eustastic transgression paradoxically was synchronous with significant progradational barrier and deltaic regression. The earliest barrier islands emerged ca. 4.6–4.4 14C ka BP (ca. 5.7–5.0 cal years) when sea level stood at ca. −1.0 to −1.5 m. These islands isolated Mississippi Sound from the greater Gulf of Mexico. The absence of a lagoonal-inshore sediment interval beneath the islands and the 3–15 m thick basal nearshore marine muddy–sandy unit that blankets the Pleistocene surface refutes the transgressive history of barrier initiation. The islands aggraded on a 3.0–16.5 m thick fine sandy shallow-marine regressive platform lithosome that, in turn, overlies a transgressive muddy–sandy nearshore marine lower sediment interval. Avulsion of the Mississippi River had abruptly reduced nearshore salinities by ca. 3.9–3.7 ka 14C BP. Renewed Mississippi delta growth induced rapid aggradation and progradation on the opposite Pearl River delta-mainland shore as well. Gulf influences have rapidly diminished in areas so affected. A new absolute chronology of the Mississippi–St. Bernard delta lobes constrains these events. Delta growth and mainland progradation first isolated, then severely constricted the Lake Borgne embayment. Accompanied by ongoing subsidence, the western barriers were stranded, then buried. Shoaling, related to St. Bernard delta progradation, interfered with westward littoral drift to maintain Cat Island. Archaeology provided important supplementary data for dating environmental changes. Refuting earlier suggestions that Native colonization rapidly followed delta complex formation, the earliest known Indian sites postdated the start of the associated St. Bernard delta lobe by 1.9–3.1 14C ka.
The reactions between SO2 and C2H2 (and C2H4) at elevated temperatures. A single‐pulse shock tube investigation

The high-temperature reaction between sulfur dioxide and acetylene in an excess of argon was studied in a 1−in. i.d. single-pulse shock tube. Mixtures ranging from 1.81% to 5.40% SO2 and 1.60% to 4.90% C2H2 were heated to reflected shock temperatures of 1550°–2150°K, for dwell times of about 0.6 msec and gas dynamically quenched. Total reaction densities were 0.89 to 5.4 × 10−2 moles/1. The reaction products were analyzed by gas chromatography. A technique was developed for separating Ar, C2H4, C2H2, SO2, CO, CO2, H2S, COS, and CS2. The major products of the reaction are CO, H2, CS2, and sulfur. The products observed were compared with those predicted on the assumption that equilibrium was attained. Several preliminary experiments were carried out with ethylene-sulfur dioxide mixtures, and the results indicated that for this combination the sulfur dioxide probably reacted with the acetylene generated from the decomposition of the ethylene, rather than directly with the ethylene. The rate of decline in the sulfur dioxide content in C2H2-SO2 mixtures was found to be approximately second order (total) and can be empirically represented by A mechanism is proposed to account for the overall reaction kinetics.
Use of technology for educating melanoma patients.

We evaluated the feasibility of using technology for melanoma patient education in a clinic setting. We assessed technology skill level and preferences for education. Data were collected using an adapted version of the Use of Technology Survey. Most participants owned a computer and DVD player and were skilled in the use of these devices, along with Internet and e-mail. Participants preferred the option of using in-clinic and at-home technology versus in-clinic only use. Computer and DVD applications were preferred because they were familiar and convenient. Using technology for patient education intervention is a viable option; however, patients’ skill level and preferences for technology should be considered.
Mutations in the AF-2/Hormone-binding Domain of the Chimeric Activator GAL4·Estrogen Receptor·VP16 Inhibit Hormone-dependent Transcriptional Activation and Chromatin Remodeling in Yeast

GAL4.estrogen receptor.VP16 (GAL4.ER.VP16), which contains the GAL4 DNA-binding domain, the human ER hormone binding (AF-2) domain, and the VP16 activation domain, functions as a hormone-dependent transcriptional activator in yeast (Louvion, J.-F., Havaux-Copf, B., and Picard, D. (1993) Gene (Amst.) 131, 129-134). Previously, we showed that this activator can remodel chromatin in yeast in a hormone-dependent manner. In this work, we show that a weakened VP16 activation domain in GAL4.ER.VP16 still allows hormone-dependent chromatin remodeling, but mutations in the AF-2 domain that abolish activity in the native ER also eliminate the ability of GAL4.ER.VP16 to activate transcription and to remodel chromatin. These findings suggest that an important role of the AF-2 domain in the native ER is to mask the activation potential of the AF-1 activation domain in the unliganded state; upon ligand activation, a conformational change releases AF-2-mediated repression and transcriptional activation ensues. We also show that the AF-2 domain, although inactive at simple promoters on its own in yeast, can enhance transcription by the MCM1 activator in hormone-dependent manner, consistent with its having a role in activation as well as repression in the native ER.
Whole cinnamon and aqueous extracts ameliorate sucrose-induced blood pressure elevations in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Objective: Many agents (nutrients, nutraceuticals, and drugs) that enhance insulin sensitivity and/or reduce circulating insulin concentrations lower blood pressure (BP). Recently, it was reported that cinnamon has the potential to favorably influence the glucose/insulin system. Accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of dietary cinnamon on systolic BP (SBP), and various glucose- and insulin-related parameters in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Methods: In a series of three experiments, treated SHR eating sucrose and non sucrose containing diets were given various amounts of cinnamon, cinnamon extracts, or chromium. Then various parameters such as: body weight, systolic blood pressure, hematology and blood chemistries were followed for three to four weeks.Results: Diets high in sucrose content are associated with insulin resistance and the elevation of SBP. Addition to diets of cinnamon (8% w/w) reduced the SBP of rats eating sucrose containing diets to virtually the...
Entomopathogenic nematodes: host-finding ability in the presence of plant roots

The host-finding ability of Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks, and Hirschmann) and Steinernema feltiae Filipjev in the presence of plant roots in sandy soil was investigated. During a 7-d period, host-finding ability of H. heliothidis was not impaired when the dried root weights of corn, tomato, or marigold plants were 1.5 g. Thus, treatments with root weights> 1.5 g had significantly lower host mortalities (range, 27–50%) compared with control treatments (range, 73–96%); treatments with root weights 1.5 g were observed for H. heliothidis , this nematode species showed greater motility, hence greater host-finding ability, than S. feltiae in the presence of roots because host mortality occurred over a shorter period of time with higher mortality rates and with fewer nematodes.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Arguably the Most Common Endocrinopathy Is Associated with Significant Morbidity in Women

Women’s health is about the prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders that are unique to women. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is extremely prevalent and probably constitutes the most frequently encountered endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Primary care providers do not commonly appreciate that the syndrome is associated with significant morbidity in terms of both reproductive and nonreproductive events. Having the disorder may significantly impact the quality of life of women during the reproductive years, and it contributes to morbidity and mortality by the time of menopause. A cohort of women with PCOS who were followed for many years after wedge resection (1) revealed several important findings by the time they reached the age of menopause. Their symptoms of PCOS had persisted over this time, they had a later menopause, and they had experienced a higher hysterectomy rate. Most importantly, there was a high prevalence of diabetes (16%) and hypertension (40%).
Comparison of Metabolizable Energy Values of Feed Ingredients for Chicks and Hens

Abstract Nitrogen corrected metabolizable energy values were determined for 4-week old broiler chicks and 60-week old Leghorn hens. Feed ingredients tested included corn, wheat, barley, bailey hulls, wheat bran, alfalfa meal, fish meal, meat scraps, soybean meal, safflower meal and peas. Significant differences in energy values were obtained for most feeds with higher energy values resulting in 8 of 11 feeds when fed to hens. Hens in general utilized more energy than chicks when fed feed ingredients with higher fiber levels.
Four Factors That Guarantee Health Care Change

The process of health reform policy will create new and demanding opportunities for nurse leaders in the academy. While it is difficult to predict the eventual outcomes of such reform, it is important to have a broad overview of the emerging trends. To fully engage in the political process, nursing educators need to become engaged in these discussions at the local, state and national levels as there are definitive implications for new roles for nurses across all health care settings. The education of current and future nurses should be an integral component of any health reform—making this call for involvement nothing short of an imperative.
Coherent optical spectrum analyzer

In this letter, we demonstrate coherent optical spectrum analysis with /spl sim/70-dB dynamic range based on a swept-tuned optical local oscillator and a coherent receiver operating in the 1.5-/spl mu/m wavelength hand. Measurement principles are presented along with high-resolution measurements of distributed feedback laser spectra.
Effects of Self-Hypnosis Training and Cognitive Restructuring on Daily Pain Intensity and Catastrophizing in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis and Chronic Pain

Abstract Fifteen adults with multiple sclerosis were given 16 sessions of treatment for chronic pain that included 4 sessions each of 4 different treatment modules: (a) an education control intervention; (b) self-hypnosis training (HYP); (c) cognitive restructuring (CR); and (d) a combined hypnosis-cognitive restructuring intervention (CR–HYP). The findings supported the greater beneficial effects of HYP, relative to CR, on average pain intensity. The CR–HYP treatment appeared to have beneficial effects greater than the effects of CR and HYP alone. Future research examining the efficacy of an intervention that combines CR and HYP is warranted.
Kinesin-1 transport reductions enhance human tau hyperphosphorylation, aggregation and neurodegeneration in animal models of tauopathies

Neurodegeneration induced by abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau defines neurodegenerative tauopathies. Destabilization of microtubules by loss of tau function and filament formation by toxic gain of function are two mechanisms suggested for how abnormal tau triggers neuronal loss. Recent experiments in kinesin-1 deficient mice suggested that axonal transport defects can initiate biochemical changes that induce activation of axonal stress kinase pathways leading to abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation. Here we show using Drosophila and mouse models of tauopathies that reductions in axonal transport can exacerbate human tau protein hyperphosphorylation, formation of insoluble aggregates and tau-dependent neurodegeneration. Together with previous work, our results suggest that non-lethal reductions in axonal transport, and perhaps other types of minor axonal stress, are sufficient to induce and/or accelerate abnormal tau behavior characteristic of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative tauopathies.
Analytical improvements in PV degradation rate determination

As photovoltaic (PV) penetration of the power grid increases, it becomes vital to know how decreased power output may affect cost over time. In order to predict power delivery, the decline or degradation rates must be determined accurately. For non-spectrally corrected data several complete seasonal cycles (typically 3–5 years) are required to obtain reasonably accurate degradation rates. In a rapidly evolving industry such a time span is often unacceptable and the need exists to determine degradation rates accurately in a shorter period of time. Occurrence of outliers and data shifts are two examples of analytical problems leading to greater uncertainty and therefore to longer observation times. In this paper we compare three methodologies of data analysis for robustness in the presence of outliers, data shifts and shorter measurement time periods.
The Effect of Pore Morphology on Hot Spot Temperature

Composite explosives contain pores that collapse under shock wave interaction generating localized regions of heat known to be important in the initiation of high explosives. Understanding pore collapse under shock loading is essential to create predictive reactive flow models to simulate the initiation process. While spherical pore collapse has been thoroughly simulated, other geometries have been relatively neglected. Simulating microoscale hot spot nucleation, we analyze the effect of pore morphology on the post-shock hot spot temperature. Several pore morphologies that yield higher temperatures than the spherical case are revealed and discussed. This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
Upper Cambrian Carbonate Platform Evolution, Elvinia and Taenicephalus Zones (Pterocephaliid--Ptychaspid Biomere Boundary), Northwestern Wyoming

ABSTRACT The Pterocephaliid-Ptychaspid biomere boundary is an Upper Cambrian extinction horizon that can be used to correlate mixed carbonate-siliciclastic strata in northwestern Wyoming. The biomere boundary is defined by the change between the Elvinia and Taenicephalus Zones of the standard North American trilobite zonation. It is also signaled chemostratigraphically by a positive trend in carbon-isotope ratios. Thus, both biostratigraphic horizons and carbon-isotope data are used to constrain the position of the biomere boundary in northwestern Wyoming. Study of 21 stratigraphic sections reveals the presence of distinct facies belts for the middle and upper Elvinia Zone and lower Taenicephalus Zone. These are interpreted to reflect deposition in three distinct paleoenvironments: (1) oolitic shoal, (2) intrashelf basin, and (3) inner platform-margin. Following a major hiatus in sedimentation in Wyoming during much of Pterocephaliid biomere time, a healthy shallow-water carbonate factory was reestablished during Elvinia Zone time. This produced abundant deposits of oolitic and skeletal packstone in the shoal environment and an areally extensive thrombolite boundstone facies in the intrashelf basin setting. Approximately coincident with the biomere boundary extinction event (Irvingella major time), ooid production was terminated and the thrombolites were drowned. The correlation of this major change in the pattern of sedimentation allows for the recognition of parts of two depositional sequences in the study area. This drowning event (sequence boundary) may also be coeval with the accumulation of transported shallow-water carbonate deposits in an inner-platform-margin environment. During early Taenicephalus Zone time, sedimentation rates were apparently reduced and the entire study area is marked by thin concentrations of trilobite and brachiopod shells. The nonskeletal carbonate factory was never reestablished in the former shoal environment, where thick successions of homogeneous lime mud accumulated during the rest of Taenicephalus Zone time. Flat-pebble conglomerate and shale accumulated in the storm-influenced intrashelf basin during this time. Sea-level change and changes in seawater chemistry likely both played roles in the drowning event across the Elvinia-Taenicephalus boundary. A positive trend in carbon-isotope values across the Pterocephaliid-Ptychaspid biomere boundary is observed in the six sections analyzed. This is consistent with previous studies that indicated that the mass extinction occurs within a regional shift towards positive values, and this may reflect the development of low-oxygen conditions on the shelf. The global significance of these isotopic trends, changes in relative sea level, and the mass extinction has not been confirmed, although recent study of the extinction event at the base of the Pterocephaliid biomere has revealed a similar trend towards positive carbon-isotope values that is worldwide.
Pedestrian detection and tracking with night vision

This paper presents a method for pedestrian detection and tracking using a night vision video camera installed on the vehicle. To deal with the nonrigid nature of human appearance on the road, a two-step detection/tracking method is proposed. The detection phase is performed by a support vector machine (SVM) with size-normalized pedestrian candidates and the tracking phase is a combination of Kalman filter prediction and mean shift tracking. The detection phase is further strengthened by information obtained by a road detection module that provides key information for pedestrian validation. Experimental comparisons have been carried out on gray-scale SVM recognition vs. binary SVM recognition and entire body detection vs. upper body detection.
ErbB4 in Laminated Brain Structures: A Neurodevelopmental Approach to Schizophrenia.

The susceptibility genes for schizophrenia Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) and ErbB4 have critical functions during brain development and in the adult. Alterations in the ErbB4 signaling pathway cause a variety of neurodevelopmental defects including deficiencies in neuronal migration, synaptic plasticity and myelination. I have used the ErbB4-/- HER4heart KO mice to study the neurodevelopmental insults associated to deficiencies in the NRG1-ErbB4 signaling pathway and their potential implication with brain disorders such as schizophrenia, a chronic psychiatric disease affecting 1% of the population worldwide. ErbB4 deletion results in an array of neurodevelopmental deficits that are consistent with a schizophrenic model. First, similar defects appear in multiple brain structures, from the cortex to the cerebellum. Second, these defects affect multiple aspects of brain development, from deficits in neuronal migration to impairments in excitatory/inhibitory systems, including reductions in brain volume, cortical and cerebellar heteropias, alterations in number and distribution of specific subpopulations of interneurons, deficiencies in the astrocytic and oligodendrocytic lineages, and additional insults in major brain structures. This suggests that alterations in specific neurodevelopmental genes that play similar functions in multiple neuroanatomical structures might account for some of the symptomatology observed in schizophrenic patients, such as defects in cognition. ErbB4 mutation uncovers flaws in brain development that are compatible with a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, and it establishes a comprehensive model to study the basis of the disorder before symptoms are detected in the adult.
Interactive viscosity

Your conscious experience is not a function of the world, it is a function of the neural networks of your brain. Therefore, the biology of the brain and consciousness is as fundamental to understanding the universe, as we know it, as the high-energy physics of subatomic particles. This is especially true for the study of sensory and cognitive illusions, since they represent effects that clearly stand out as not representing the real world. That is, since illusions don't match reality we can know that by studying illusions we are studying exactly what the brain is actually doing, and not just what we think the brain should be doing. Your brain does a staggering amount of pragmatic self-dealing guesswork and outright confabulation in order to construct the highly imperfect mental simulation of reality known as "consciousness." This is not to say that objective reality isn't "out there" in a very real sense--but no one lives there. No one's ever even been there for a visit. Ironically, the fact that consciousness feels like a solid, robust, fact-rich transcript of reality is just one of the countless illusions your brain creates for itself.Illusions are not errors of the brain. Far from it. Illusions arise from processes that are critical to our survival. Our brains have developed illusory processes so that we may experience the world in a ready-to-consume manner. Remove the machinery of illusion, and you unwind the entire tapestry of human awareness. Illusions are those perceptual experiences that do not match the physical reality. They are therefore exquisite tools with which to analyze the neural correlates of human perception and consciousness. Neuroscientists have long known that they can only be sure of where they stand, in terms of correlating neural responses to awareness, when they correlate the awareness of an illusion to the brain's response, specifically because of the illusions' mismatch with reality. The study of illusions is therefore of critical importance to the understanding of the basic mechanisms of sensory perception and conscious awareness.If you've ever seen a good magician perform, you know how thrilling it is to watch the impossible happening before your eyes. The laws of physics, probability, psychology and common sense--the four trusty compass points in your mental map of reality--are suddenly turned into liabilities. Objects and people appear, vanish, levitate, transpose, transform, and with all your smarts you can't imagine how it's being done. Magicians are the premier artists of attention and awareness, and they manipulate our cognition like clay on a potter's wheel.And the mechanisms underlying magic perception have implications for our daily lives. The magical arts work because humans have hardwired processes of attention and awareness that are hackable. By understanding how magicians hack our brains, we can better understand how we work.
Nitrate reducing capacity of two vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

(1975). Nitrate Reducing Capacity of Two Vesiculararbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. Mycologia: Vol. 67, No. 4, pp. 886-888.
Effect of Compaction History on Pore Pressure Prediction

Summary Correct pore pressure prediction relies on the recognition of formation compaction history and good characterization of the velocity pressure relationships under various scenarios. Experiments were attempted to better characterize the normal compaction trend and unloading curves. Theoretical models were used to better understand the pore pressure’s effect on velocity. Introduction The relationship between velocity and pressure is currently the main resource used to predict pore pressure in formation. Eaton’s (Eaton 1975) equation remains the most popularly used method in the industry. While the overburden pressure follows a stable trend, the pore pressure experiences more variation during compaction. Furthermore, the effect of the pore pressure on velocity and other rock properties does not follow a one to one relationship. Figure 1 schematically depicts the pressure paths for three different scenarios. For a normal compaction trend, the overburden and pore pressures increase at approximately a 2:1 ratio during subsidence. If undercompaction occurs, the overburden and pore pressures may increase at approximately the same rate (dashed dotted line). In the third scenario, the formation first went through normal compaction, and then underwent a pore pressure increase which would most possibly be caused by the fluid expansion. Although the final overburden/pore pressure pair can reach the same value from scenario 2 and 3, the formation rocks have different compaction levels thus exhibit different properties including velocity, resistivity, and porosity. This non-uniqueness in velocity-pressure relationships imposes ambiguity into the pore pressure prediction. To reduce the ambiguity and improve the pore pressure prediction, we need attempts in the following four aspects: 1. Better understanding on the pore pressure mechanism and its relationship to velocity. 2. Ways to recognize the compaction history of the formation: mostly by geologic interpretation, maybe with help from multi-parameter analysis as suggested by Bowers. 3. Better characterization on the normal compaction trend by experiments, for different lithology, and different geologic settings. 4. Also to characterize the unloading trend by experiments. In this report, we present our recent work mainly on points 1, 3, and 4.
BopoNoto: An Intelligent Sketch Education Application for Learning Zhuyin Phonetic Script.

The zhuyin phonetic script not only provides greater learning benefits compared to romanization systems for Chinese Mandarin language students with existing English fluency, but also allows students to take advantage of its use in Taiwan where it exists in both official and popular usage. However, while penenabled computing educational applications can assist traditional pedagogical approaches for accelerating mastery of the script, existing approaches are either constrained in providing writing assessment, catered to native language users, or are less flexible in recognizing more natural writing. We present BopoNoto, an intelligent sketch education application for language students to learn zhuyin. Our application provides a sketching interface for practicing the symbols, and a sketch recognition system for assessing the visual and technical correctness of their input. From our evaluations, BopoNoto successfully demonstrates strong results in understanding and assessing students’ written input. Keywords-sketch recognition; intelligent user interface; intelligent tutoring system; Chinese Mandarin; zhuyin; bopomofo
The Incidence of Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage Is Associated with Infection in Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support

from stroke was similar for patients with and without DL infections - 92.5% vs. 91.0% at 6 months, 77.0% vs. 87.0% at 1 year, and 70.5% vs. 81.0% at 2 years; p= 0.273. The incidence of pump thrombosis was also similar - 4.2% vs. 3.7%%; p= 0.999. Survi val was similar between the groups with 1-month, 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year survivals of 100.0%, 100.0%, 94.7%, and 94.7%, respectively, for DL infection patients, versus 93.5%, 85.8%, 79.6%, and 69.8%, respectively, for patients without DL infections (p= 0.259). DL infection was not a significant predictor of survival in Cox proportional hazard regression (HR 1.58, p= 0.277). Conclusion: Drive line infections were not associated with a higher incidence of thromboembolic complications. Based on these data, it does not appear necessary to raise anticoagulation target goals in the setting of a DL infection. (
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis with cerebral involvement. Light and electron microscopic study of a case.

Light and EM study of a case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis revealed a pleomorphic lymphoreticular cell infiltrate, angiitis and necrosis with involvement of the brain, lungs, skin and right ear of a 30 year old woman. Cells comprising the infiltrate were classified as lymphocytoid, plasmacytoid, immunoblastic (histocytic) and phagocytic. A number of elements partook of the ultrastructural features of two cell types and were considered to be intermediate froms (plasmacytoid lymphocytes, lymphocytoid immunoblasts, and plasmacytoid immunoblasts). It is believed that the various cell elements from part of a wide spectrum in which transformation of cell types takes place by maturation. This suggests an immunologic process as the main pathogenetic factor in the development of LG.
The expression of myeloid-specific antigens on myeloid leukemia cells: correlations with leukemia subclasses and implications for normal myeloid differentiation

The expression of three distinct myeloid-specific cell surface antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies (PMN 6, PMN 29, and AML-2-23) on acute and chronic myeloid leukemia cells is correlated with blast cell morphology and normal myeloid cell antigen display. In studies on normal peripheral blood cells, monoclonal antibodies PMN 6 and PMN 29 have previously been shown to react exclusively with neutrophils while AML-2-23 reacts with both neutrophils and monocytes. The present report demonstrates that these antigens are absent from blast cells of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) classified as M1 and M2 in the French-American-British system and chronic myelocytic leukemia in myeloid blast crisis. However, leukemia cells with myelomonocytic morphology (M4) expressed all three antigens, while cells with pure monocytic features (M5) were generally only positive for AML-2-23. Based on the absence of these antigens on both leukemic and normal myeloblasts and granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and their characteristic patterns of display on more differentiated leukemic and normal cells, we propose a modified concept of normal myelopoiesis. In this hypothesis, the myeloblast is an uncommitted cell that gives rise to a series of intermediate precursors that acquire committment to either the granulocytic or monocytic lineage marked by the acquisition of specific cell surface markers.
The AND/OR Process Model

In the AND/OR Process Model, a logic program is solved by a dynamic set of processes that communicate via messages. Processes can be described as actors, objects with discrete states updated in an atomic operation triggered by the receipt of a message from another process [41]. A process will be created to solve a small portion of a logic program. Its state transformations reflect its progress in executing the portion of the program, and it will terminate after all solutions to its subproblem have been found.
Isopycnic analysis of intact cells — I: Escherichiacoli over its growth curve

Abstract Two computer models for the decline of ribosomal RNA in late exponential phase E. coli are tested isopycnographically. The model in which the excess r-RNA is scavenged to support the last stages of cell division is discarded, whereas the experimental data support the model in which r-RNA production is halted and the r-RNA is diluted among the cells as they continue their final division. This plus the pycnotic profile of E. coli relA− support previous work pertaining to control of the genome by guanosine-3′-diphosphate-5′-diphosphate (ppGpp). Other evidence suggests the possibility that part of the genome is also under separate control.
Supervisees’ Perceptions of Effective Supervision: A Comparison of Fully Synchronous Cybersupervision to Traditional Methods

ABSTRACTDespite a great increase in the popularity of cybersupervision, little research is provided regarding supervisees’ perceptions of its effectiveness. This study examined the differences in Master’s level counseling student supervisees’ perceptions of participating in cybersupervision as compared to traditional face-to-face clinical supervision. Results indicated no significant difference in the perceived effectiveness between the two conditions. Implications and suggestions for future research and practice are provided.
Increased Sporulation of Clostridium perfringens in a Medium Prepared with the Prereduced Anaerobically Sterilized Technique or with Carbon Dioxide or Carbonate

Sporulation of ten strains of Clostridium perfringens was determined in Duncan-Strong sporulation medium prepared and stored in the presence of atmospheric oxygen (DS) or prepared as a prereduced anaerobically sterilized medium (DSPR). Numbers of heat-resistant spores were higher in DSPR compared to DS for 4 strains in fresh media and for 7 strains in stored media. For strains 8679 and 8799, spore numbers were as much as 5 logs greater in DSPR than in DS with a concomitant higher culture pH and fewer vegetative cell numbers. The effects of the addition of an antioxidant, degraders of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or scavengers of oxygen radicals to DS or H2O2 to DSPR do not suggest a role for toxic oxygen species in inhibiting sporulation of these two strains in DS. Increases in spore numbers and culture pH were similar in DSPR and in DS to which carbon dioxide (CO2) or sodium carbonate had been added. Modifications of sporulation media which increased the levels of CO2 or increased the culture pH improved sp...
The Martyr Takes a Selfie

In “The Martyr Takes a Selfie,” Hatem N. Akil integrates the concept of visuality with that of the human body under peril in order to identify conditions that lead to comparative suffering or a division that views humanity as something other than unitary and of equal value. Akil relates the figures of der Muselmann, Shylock, Othello, the suicide bomber, and others to subvert a narrative that claims that one’s suffering is deeper than another’s or that life could be valued differently depending on the place of your birth, the color of your skin, or the thickness of your accent.
The Assessment Of Online Degree Programs: Lessons From Recent Alumni

The main focus of this study was the assessment performed by recent alumni as an important component of online degree program outcomes assessment. A model of components of the online learning environment was developed and tested to predictive various levels of educational outcomes of online degree programs separately for bachelor and master degree programs' alumni. The educational outcomes include direct educational outcomes and attributed educational outcomes. The model was then validated in predicting summative outcomes assessment. The model played an important role in understanding degree program's online educational outcomes and its predictive validity across all outcomes and degree levels is very high. The alum assessment of the quality of the learning model was found to be the most dominant predictor of educational outcomes for all assessment criteria and for all levels of degree programs. Finally, the explanations and implications of these findings were discussed.
Donor-specific antibodies' C1q binding: improvement in kidney graft management?

The diagnosis of acute antibody mediated rejection (ABMR) after kidney transplantation is based on three parameters: 1) decreased renal function, 2) histopathological signs of rejection, 3) presence of Donor Specific Antibody (DSA) [1]. Patient survival, as well as graft survival have improved since 5 to 10 years [2], thanks to several factors, including better management of patients, better immunosuppressive regimens, detection and avoidance of DSA. Although anti-HLA antibodies follow-up have improved ABMR management, its treatment remains challenging, and outcome may be worsened because of a delay in the diagnosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Cortical Sensitivity to Guitar Note Patterns: EEG Entrainment to Repetition and Key.

Music is ubiquitous throughout recent human culture, and many individual’s have an innate ability to appreciate and understand music. Our appreciation of music likely emerges from the brain’s ability to process a series of repeated complex acoustic patterns. In order to understand these processes further, cortical responses were measured to a series of guitar notes presented with a musical pattern or without a pattern. ERP responses to individual notes were measured using a 24 electrode Bluetooth mobile EEG system (Smarting mBrainTrain) while 13 healthy non-musicians listened to structured (i.e. within musical keys and with repetition) or random sequences of guitar notes for 10 minutes each. We demonstrate an increased amplitude to the ERP that appears ~200 ms to notes presented within the musical sequence. This amplitude difference between random notes and patterned notes likely reflects individual’s cortical sensitivity to guitar note patterns. These amplitudes were compared to ERP responses to a rare note embedded within a stream of frequent notes to determine whether the sensitivity to complex musical structure overlaps with the sensitivity to simple irregularities reflected in traditional auditory oddball experiments. Response amplitudes to the negative peak at ~175ms are statistically correlated with the mismatch negativity (MMN) response measured to a rare note presented among a series of frequent notes (i.e. in a traditional oddball sequence), but responses to the subsequent positive peak at ~200 do not show a statistical relationship with the P300 response. Thus, the sensitivity to musical structure identified to 4 Hz note patterns appears somewhat distinct from the sensitivity to statistical regularities reflected in the traditional “auditory oddball” sequence. Overall, we suggest that this is a promising approach to examine individual's sensitivity to complex acoustic patterns, which may overlap with higher level cognitive processes, including language.
The nature of subslab slow velocity anomalies beneath South America

Slow seismic velocity anomalies are commonly imaged beneath subducting slabs in tomographic studies, yet a unifying explanation for their distribution has not been agreed upon. In South America two such anomalies have been imaged associated with subduction of the Nazca Ridge in Peru and the Juan Fernandez Ridge in Chile. Here we present new seismic images of the sub-slab slow velocity anomaly beneath Chile, which give a unique view of the nature of such anomalies. Slow seismic velocities within a large hole in the subducted Nazca slab connect with a sub-slab slow anomaly that appears correlated with the extent of the subducted Juan Fernandez Ridge. The hole in the slab may allow the sub-slab material to rise into the mantle wedge, revealing the positive buoyancy of the slow material. We propose a new model for sub-slab slow velocity anomalies beneath the Nazca slab related to the entrainment of hotspot material.
Abstract 1034: Population Trends in the Incidence of Acute Coronary Heart Disease: The Minnesota Heart Survey

Introduction: Age-adjusted mortality rates for coronary heart disease (CHD) continue to decline. And there is increasing CHD prevalence resulting from improving survival from acute care and the movement of the epidemic into older age groups. However, trends in incidence and recurrence, most likely the result of primary and secondary prevention, are not well studied. Hypothesis: Population trends in acute CHD incidence and recurrence are declining. Methods: The Minnesota Heart Survey abstracted hospital admissions for patients age 30 –74 with acute coronary syndromes in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area (population 2.85 million) since 1985. The American Heart Association (AHA-2003) diagnostic algorithm was applied to patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (ICD-9 410) or unstable angina (ICD-9 411) to validate an AMI case. Cases were stratified into incident or recurrent based on hospital record review. Results: From 1985 to 2001, 5932 cases were abstracted. Cases with a discharge diagnosis of AMI or unstable angina (410 and 411) fell 17% for men and 15% for women. Attack rate for validated AMI fell 13% for men and 3% for women. Correction of rates for the more sensitive biomarker troponin, reduced event rates in 2001 resulting in larger declines in incident and recurrent events. From 1985 to 2001, incidence fell 42% in men and 39% in women. Recurrence fell 57% in men and 69% in women. Conclusions: Using a standard definition and correction for troponin, incident and recurrent AMI are falling, particularly in the most recent period, suggesting that primary and secondary prevention play an increasing role in population trends.
Visual-inertial curve simultaneous localization and mapping: Creating a sparse structured world without feature points

We present a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm that uses Bezier curves as static landmark primitives rather than feature points. Our approach allows us to estimate the full six degrees of freedom pose of a robot while providing a structured map that can be used to assist a robot in motion planning and control. We demonstrate how to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) location of curve landmarks from a stereo pair and how to compare the 3D shape of curve landmarks between chronologically sequential stereo frames to solve the data association problem. We also present a method to combine curve landmarks for mapping purposes, resulting in a map with a continuous set of curves that contain fewer landmark states than conventional point-based SLAM algorithms. We demonstrate our algorithm's effectiveness with numerous experiments, including comparisons to existing state-of-the-art SLAM algorithms.
Tunable NF-κB Oscillations in Yeast

Studies of genetic networks in situ are confounded by unknown interactions with native networks. In Zhang et al. (2017), the authors capitalize on the fact that yeast lacks the NF-κB pathway to study the human NF-κB pathway in isolation and develop a predictive model.
TRANSRADIAL ACCESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER RISK OF DIALYSIS AND ACUTE RENAL FAILURE THAN TRANSFEMORAL ACCESS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION OR PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION

It remains unclear if transradial (TR) access, compared with transfemoral (TF) access, is associated with lower risk of long-term dialysis and acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We conducted a systematic search of
Initial Radiations from Tactical Nuclear Weapons

Neutron and gamma-ray free-field kermas and fluence spectra for ranges between 1 and 2 km are presented for three tactical nuclear weapons and are compared with nuclear radiations at Hiroshima. The three tactical weapons are modeled as near-surface bursts of a fusion explosive, a fission explosive, and a suppressed-neutron explosive represented by the Little Boy bomb used at Hiroshima.
Palladium and electrophilic cyclization approaches to carbo- and heterocyclic compounds

2,3-Disubstituted benzo[6]furans are readily prepared under very mild reaction conditions by the palladium/copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of o-iodoanisole and terminal alkynes, followed by electrophilic cyclization using 12, Br2, PhSeCl and /?-02NC6H4SCl. Aryland vinylic-substituted alkynes undergo electrophilic cyclization in excellent yields. Biologically important furopyridines can be prepared by this approach in high yields. Introduction The benzo[e]furan nucleus is prevalent in a wide variety of biologically active natural and unnatural compounds.1 Many 2-arylbenzofuran derivatives are well known to exhibit a broad range of biological activities, such as anticancer,2 antiproliferative,3 antiviral,4 antifungal,5 immunosuppressive,6 antiplatelet,7 antioxidative,8 insecticidal,9 anti­ inflammatory,10 antifeedant,11 and cancer preventative activity.12 These compounds are also important calcium blockers13 and phytoestrogens.14 For instance, XH-1415 was the first
Reykjanes "V"-shaped ridges originating from a pulsing and dehydrating mantle plume.

Prominent crustal lineations straddle the Reykjanes ridge, south of Iceland (Fig. 1). These giant V-shaped features are thought to record temporal variations in magma production at the Reykjanes ridge axis, associated with along-axis flow of Icelandic plume material1. It has been proposed that this flow is channelled preferentially along the ridge axis2,3,4, and that temporal variability is induced by fluctuations of the Iceland plume itself1,4,5,6,7 or, alternatively, by relocations of the ridge axis on Iceland8. Here I present a geodynamic model that predicts the formation of crustal V-shaped ridges from a pulsing and radially flowing mantle plume. In this model, plume pulses produce mantle temperature perturbations that expand away from the plume in all directions beneath the zone of partial melting. The melting zone has a high viscosity owing to mantle dehydration at the onset of partial melting9. This high-viscosity region allows for reasonable variations in crustal thickness, produces crustal Vs that extend hundreds of kilometres along the axis, and prevents the plume material from being preferentially channelled along the ridge axis. The angle of the crustal V-shaped features relative to the ridge axis reflects the rate of lateral plume flow, which remains several times greater than the ridge half-spreading rate over the length of a crustal V. Consequently, this radially expanding plume produces lineations in crustal thickness and free-air gravity anomalies that appear to be nearly straight.