cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dementia Induces Correlated Reductions in White Matter Integrity and Cortical Thickness: A Multivariate Neuroimaging Study with Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis

We use a new, unsupervised multivariate imaging and analysis strategy to identify related patterns of reduced white matter integrity, measured with the fractional anisotropy (FA) derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and decreases in cortical thickness, measured by high resolution T1-weighted imaging, in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). This process is based on a novel computational model derived from sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) that allows us to automatically identify mutually predictive, distributed neuroanatomical regions from different imaging modalities. We apply the SCCA model to a dataset that includes 23 control subjects that are demographically matched to 49 subjects with autopsy or CSF-biomarker-diagnosed AD (n=24) and FTD (n=25) with both DTI and T1-weighted structural imaging. SCCA shows that the FTD-related frontal and temporal degeneration pattern is correlated across modalities with permutation corrected p<0.0005. In AD, we find significant association between cortical thinning and reduction in white matter integrity within a distributed parietal and temporal network (p<0.0005). Furthermore, we show that-within SCCA identified regions-significant differences exist between FTD and AD cortical-connective degeneration patterns. We validate these distinct, multimodal imaging patterns by showing unique relationships with cognitive measures in AD and FTD. We conclude that SCCA is a potentially valuable approach in image analysis that can be applied productively to distinguishing between neurodegenerative conditions.
Handling Cell Culture Monolayers for Transmission Electron Microscopy

In our Core Facility, we are presented with a wide variety of tissue and sample types to process for TEM observation. Some tissues, such as liver, do not present orientation problems. Other tissues such as skeletal muscle have specific orientations that must be maintained. As long as the initial dissection of the tissue is done so that the orientation or area of interest can be identified, these samples do not present a problem. Likewise, when it is not necessary to maintain orientation, cells in culture can be treated with trypsin, to release them from the plate, and pelleted. Or the monolayer can be fixed in vitro and then scraped and pelleted, and the pellet can be processed while adherent to the wall of the Eppendorf tube or handled like a small piece of tissue, among other methods.
Acetylcholinesterase activity in partially isolated cerebral cortex after prolonged intermittent stimulation

Abstract Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels were determined in control samples of cat cerebral cortex, in partially neuronally isolated (undercut) cortex, and in undercut or intact cortex that had received long-term intermittent electrical stimulation. Assay of AChE activity was based on an automatic titration method using methalcholine as substrate. Tissues from ten of 15 undercut cerebral cortices showed the expected decrease in AChE. Long-term intermittent electrical stimulation of undercut cortex prevented the expected decrease in AChE in seven of 12 cortices. Previous data showed that similar long-term stimulation could prevent some electrical manifestations of supersensitivity. The present findings implicate, in part, a cholinergic system in the phenomenon of cortical supersensitivity.
Task type, posters, and workspace color on mood, satisfaction, and performance

Abstract Task type, poster presence, and workspace color were varied to determine their effects on mood, satisfaction, and performance. Students ( n =112) performed either a low or high demand task in a blue or red workspace, without or with a scenic poster. Only hostility was significantly affected by task type. Satisfaction and performance were not significantly affected by posters or workspace color, although performance decreased for the high demand tasks and increased for the low demand tasks over time. Posters made the workplace more pleasant, but also increased perceived task demand. Perceived task demand was also marginally related to workplace color. Perceived task demand may moderate the effects of posters and workplace color on mood and other perceptions. Other data support the notion that cool colors are calming and warm colors are stimulating.
Surface-wave luneberg lens antennas

It is demonstrated that a surface-wave structure having isotropy in the plane of the structure can be operated as a lens. The index of refraction is given for a dielectric slab on a ground plane, a bed of metal posts on a ground plane and a parallel-plate structure with one plate filled with holes. The necessary radial variations in index for several Luneberg-type lenses are given. These include the conventional Luneberg lens, Gutman's modification, the rim-fed Luneberg adapted to a spherical surface and a modification adapted to a spherical surface and collimation of the rays at an arbitrary angle with respect to the plane on which the lens is mounted. An approximate analysis of surface-wave lenses based on optics is described.
A General Approach for Representing Constructs in Organizational Research

A key assumption underlying methods of construct validation is that constructs and their indicators are represented at the appropriate depth (i.e., the specificity versus generality of constructs a...
Magnitudes and Mechanisms of Shoot-damage Compensation in Annual Species of Linum (Linaceae) in Iowa

ABSTRACT The effect of shoot damage on plant performance depends partly on a plant's ability to recover by growth compensation. Plant populations in tallgrass prairie likely experience, or historically experienced, high risks of damage and therefore might be expected to have evolved significant compensation ability. We investigated shoot damage and subsequent growth compensation in Iowa populations of the annuals Linum rigidum and L. sulcatum. To estimate damage rate and responses to damage under natural conditions, we collected two data sets. The first consisted of over 200 herbarium specimens collected over a 113-y period and the second consisted of field data for four populations in the same growing season. A companion experiment investigated damage responses under controlled greenhouse conditions and identified possible mechanisms of compensation. The study species frequently experience apical meristem removal in nature. Per-individual damage-rate estimates ranged from 33–54% in L. rigidum and from 12...
A pigmented lesion on a brain-dead organ donor: Should the dermatologist intervene before transplant?

A 58-year-old white man with poorly controlled hypertension presented to the emergency department with a massive intracranial hemorrhage. Shortly after presentation, the patient was declared brain dead by established criteria. After discussion with the family, organ donation was considered and the organ procurement evaluation process was initiated. During the routine pretransplantation skin examination, the transplant coordinator and medical director noticed an irregular pigmented lesion on the donor’s back. The donor had no personal or family history of melanoma. The history of the lesion in question was not known. The dermatology service was consulted for additional evaluation.
Incidence-angle dependent external quantum efficiency: Laboratory characterization and use in irradiance-to-power modeling

We propose and analyze the use of an angle-of-incidence (AOI)-dependent external quantum efficiency (EQE) as the basis for a more accurate representation of specular reflection and diffuse light utilization in PV system modeling. We derive a response function defined by the ratio of the EQE spectrum at a given incidence angle to that at normal incidence as a replacement for the f2 and fd parameters in the Sandia Array Performance Model (SAPM). The response function can be obtained from measurements readily made in the laboratory, providing a rapid, versatile method for more accurately calibrating module performance models.
Acid-dependent degradation of a [2Fe-2S] cluster by nitric oxide.

New types of degradation products of iron–sulfur clusters by nitric oxide (NO) have been identified in the acidic environment. In the absence of acid, NO reacts with (Et4N)2[Fe2S2Cl4] (1) to form a {Fe(NO)2}9 dinitrosyliron complex, (Et4N)[Fe(NO)2Cl2] (2), wherein the bridging sulfides are oxidized to elemental sulfur by four electrons (2S2– → 2S0 + 4e–). In contrast, the successive additions of NO and HCl to 1 result in the formation of a {Fe(NO)}7 mononitrosyliron complex, (Et4N)[Fe(NO)Cl3] (3), along with elemental sulfur and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which are the two-electron-oxidized products of the bridging sulfides (2S2– + 2H+ → H2S + S0 + 2e–). The results demonstrate that the acidic environment plays a significant role in controlling the chemistry of an iron–sulfur cluster with NO and imply how two important gaseous molecules, NO and H2S, can be interconnected through iron–sulfur clusters.
The Effect of Single-Session Psychoeducational Music Therapy on Verbalizations and Perceptions in Psychiatric Patients

The purpose of this study was to compare group-based psychoeducational music therapy to psychoeducation in measures of satisfaction with life, knowledge of illness, treatment perceptions, and response frequency and type in acute psychiatric inpatients during a randomized and controlled clinical trial. Participants (N=105) took part in a scripted single session controlled by a treatment manual and facilitated by a Board-Certified Music Therapist. No significant differences were found between groups in measures of helpfulness, enjoyment, satisfaction with life, or psychoeducational knowledge. However, although not significant, the music therapy group tended to have slightly higher mean scores in all aforementioned variables, suggesting music therapy can be as effective as psychoeducation in these measures. There were no significant differences between groups for the number of therapist questions and validations as measured by a trained behavioral observer, although during the music therapy condition the therapist was able to ask a mean of almost 11 additional questions than during the psychoeducational control condition. Although not significant, there were almost 20 more participant mean verbalizations per session during the music therapy conditions. Additionally, many of these verbalizations were categorized as self and cognitive insight statements, indicating participants in the music therapy condition were talking more about themselves and their unique situations. Congruent with this finding, during the music therapy condition, the ratios of participant self statements to therapist questions and participant cognitive insights to therapist questions were higher than in the control condition. There was a significant correlation between participant total verbal participation and perception of helpfulness, enjoyment, and comfort for the control condition. This correlation was not significant for the experimental condition, indicating that the music therapy group did not have to verbally participate to perceive the session as helpful, enjoyable, and comfortable. Implications for psychoeducational music therapy and suggestions for future research are provided.
Diastolic intramyocardial tissue pressure before, during, and after temporary occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Diastolic intramyocardial tissue pressure (DIMP) was measured in 7 dogs before, during, and after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 minutes and in 5 control dogs in which the artery was not occluded. A significant increase in DIMP (p
UNVEIL: a large-scale, automated approach to detecting ransomware

Although the concept of ransomware is not new (i.e., such attacks date back at least as far as the 1980s), this type of malware has recently experienced a resurgence in popularity. In fact, in the last few years, a number of high-profile ransomware attacks were reported, such as the large-scale attack against Sony that prompted the company to delay the release of the film "The Interview." Ransomware typically operates by locking the desktop of the victim to render the system inaccessible to the user, or by encrypting, overwriting, or deleting the user's files. However, while many generic malware detection systems have been proposed, none of these systems have attempted to specifically address the ransomware detection problem. In this paper, we present a novel dynamic analysis system called UNVEIL that is specifically designed to detect ransomware. The key insight of the analysis is that in order to mount a successful attack, ransomware must tamper with a user's files or desktop. UNVEIL automatically generates an artificial user environment, and detects when ransomware interacts with user data. In parallel, the approach tracks changes to the system's desktop that indicate ransomware-like behavior. Our evaluation shows that UNVEIL significantly improves the state of the art, and is able to identify previously unknown evasive ransomware that was not detected by the antimalware industry.
Estimating state-of-charge imbalance of batteries using force measurements

This paper addresses the problem of estimating SOC-imbalance between two battery cells connected in series. Particularly, the effectiveness of using force measurements for the SOC-imbalance detection against pack/total voltage measurements is studied. SOC imbalance estimation during charging using pack voltage measurement was previously demonstrated for the LiFePO4/graphite battery chemistry. However, the Li-ion battery with LiNiMnCoO2/graphite, which is of great interest in a hybrid electric vehicle application, exhibits an almost linear relation between SOC and voltage when battery SOC is greater than 15%. This characteristic makes SOC imbalance estimation using pack voltage challenging. The use of other novel measurands, related to volumetric change of the electrode materials during battery operations, make the problem feasible. To estimate SOCs of two batteries connected in series, a Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) technique is applied and three different measurement sets are considered: (1) total voltage, (2) force, and (3) both voltage and force. Simulations results show that, for the batteries of interest, the inclusion of force measurements significantly improves the estimation of SOC-imbalance.
Swimming and Children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder: A Winning Combination

The benefits of swimming for children with disabilities include improved motor skills, physical fitness, executive brain function and improved social skills. Swimming can also be an activity that provides a positive environment for children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). This article provides an overview of ADHD and includes best practices associated with teaching and coaching children with ADHD in an aquatic environment. Specifically, the article explores ways in which physical educators can use swimming to provide effective differentiated instruction for children with ADHD.
Numerical Computation of Solutions

Up to this point we have examined PDEs from an analytical viewpoint, often seeking a formula for the solution. Now we devote a brief chapter to solving PDEs numerically. It is a fact that in industry and applied science PDEs are almost always solved numerically on a computer; most real-world problems are too complicated to solve analytically. And, even if a problem can be solved analytically, usually the solution is in the form of a difficult integral or an infinite series, requiring a numerical calculation anyway. This chapter presents a brief introduction to one method, the finite difference method. There are many other methods, for example, the finite element method, to mention only one. Numerical methods for PDEs have been and continue to be one of the most active research areas in applied mathematics, computer science, and the applied sciences as investigators seek faster and more accurate algorithms. Another feature is that numerical methods give tremendous insight into the basic nature and theory of PDEs.
Gradual degradation under RF overdrive of MESFETs and PHEMTs

This paper is based on a narrative summary and discussion of a number of referenced investigations concerning the gradual degradation under RF overdrive of MESFETs and PHEMTs. After introducing the background of the problem, its mechanism, models, analysis, as well as potential solutions are discussed.
Design and commissioning of 2.5 MW DC supply for evaluating megawatt scale smart solar inverters

Utility scale photovoltaic plants often use megawatt scale central inverters with high efficiency and power density. Inverter manufacturers now offer solutions over 2 MW for 1000 V DC class PV arrays. Certifying inverters at this power level can present test equipment design and procurement challenges. This paper describes a retrofit of an existing medium voltage, 9-level TECO Westinghouse VersaBridge series connected H-bridge (SCHB) inverter to supply DC power up to 2500 A at 1000 V for central inverter testing. Simulations in PLECS and controller hardware-in-the-loop experiments with RTDS were used for initial controller design. The SCHB pulse-width modulation scheme led to an interleaved output stage topology in a six parallel module configuration without requiring modification to the existing VersaBridge controller. Commissioning results are shown along with experimental results for the first inverter test article at 2500 A, 900 V.
An Introduction to Wavelets and Multiscale Analysis: Theory and Applications

The purpose of this introductory chapter is to give the reader an overview of the contents of the monograph and show how the chapters are tied together. We give a brief description of each chapter but with emphasis on how the chapters fit in the monograph and the general subject area. The descriptions are not meant to replace, but to supplement, the chapters’ abstracts, which summarize the chapters’ main results.
Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals Novel Recurring Somatic Mutations Affecting HUWE1 and DIAPH2 Genes in Multiple Myeloma

Abstract 320 Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of antibody secreting plasma B-cells whose etiology is still poorly understood. We used whole genome sequencing (WGS) and deep-read capture validation to thoroughly characterize the mutation landscape in four newly diagnosed MM patients and further examined mutation recurrence in 89 additional MM patients. WGS cases were selected to be racially diverse and represent both hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid MM with otherwise “simple” karyotypes. All studies to date have used peripheral blood as controls, however, abnormal B cells and circulating tumor cells frequently contaminate the peripheral blood of MM patients and these studies may have missed the early genetic events potentially important in disease pathogenesis. We therefore chose to use matched skin samples as normal controls. The use of skin DNA controls and deep read count capture validation of single nucleotide variants (SNV) allowed us, for the first time, to demonstrate clear separation between normal and malignant cell populations. Our analysis pipeline detected both somatic SNVs and structural variants (SV, ie. translocations, deletions, insertions). In all four patients, we observed chromosomal translocations at the Ig heavy chain locus, VDJ recombination, and Ig locus somatic hypermuation. We found somatic mutations affecting the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1 in 4% (4/94) of cases, as well as recurring deletions affecting the Rho pathway regulator DIAPH2 (recurrence data will be presented). RNA sequencing was preformed for 3 of the WGS patients to explore transcriptional effects of mutations observed. Statistical analysis identified significantly mutated genes, i.e. mutation hotspots, including ROBO2, BCL6 and cadherin/catenin genes. Genes involved in cell polarity, cell adhesion and axon guidance were affected in all four WGS patients. Chromosomal translocations present in all four WGS patients involved both known oncogenes (CCND1, MYC and MAFB) and putative oncogenes. A novel translocation implicated KCNT2, encoding a sodium-activated potassium channel, as a potential oncogene in MM. Recurrent point mutations were relatively rare in MM, suggesting that SVs are more common driver mutations and/or that SNVs in MM disrupt a diverse array of genes to affect key pathways. For genomic studies in MM moving forward, our results emphasize the importance of matched normal controls uncontaminated by tumor cells, and suggest that careful analysis of SVs be included to find novel oncogenes and important clinical correlations. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Comparison of automatic and manual quality control procedures for a Siemens SPECT/CT system.

2833 Objectives The quality of Nuclear Medicine scans is dependent on the reproducibility of clinical radionuclide counting and the accuracy of the instrumentation. Quality control (QC) is an established set of corrections and analyses that validate camera performance within a predefined range. Siemens Symbia SPECT/CT systems come equipped with both user-initiated (manual) and automated QC procedures. Using statistical analysis and phantom imaging, the objective of this study was to evaluate potential differences in reconstructed SPECT uniformity, contrast and resolution when comparing automatic and manual QC calibrations. Methods To quantify the reproducibility of clinical imaging QC, five trials of MHR and uniformity calibrations were acquired both manually and automatically per the Siemens QC protocol recommendations. Manual multi-head registration (MHR) correction data was collected using five 37 MBq point sources of TC-99m in an integrated point source holder. Automatic MHR data was collected using an internal Gd-153 line source within the Siemens SPECT/CT system. All images were attained with LEHR collimators with the time per projection set to acquire 50 k counts on the first acquired projection. Manual intrinsic uniformity was evaluated using a 1 MBq Tc-99m point source placed into an integrated source holder to create a uniform flood. A 200 M count image was obtained. Automatic uniformity was acquired using an internal Co-57 point source to obtain a 200 M count image. Both automatic and manual MHR data, along with the uniformity calibration values, were statistically analyzed for variance and significance. In addition, a Spectrum Deluxe phantom (Jaz) was imaged using the ACR standard protocol for SPECT systems following both the manual and automatic calibration procedures. Visual analysis of reconstructed uniformity, contrast and resolution was performed. Results The center of rotation data demonstrated a variance range of 0.02 and 0.25 for the manual and automatic MHR calibrations, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between manual and automatic MHR parameters (p-value > 0.05). When analyzing uniformity values, there was a variance range of 0.001 and 0.009 over all the data, for both the manual and the automatic data. There was no statistically significant difference between manual and automatic uniformity parameters (p-value > 0.8). However, the reconstructed Jaz images demonstrated improved contrast of cold spheres and improved resolution of the cold rods. Conclusions Although there was no statistically significant difference between the mean values from manual and automatic QC procedures, the SPECT reconstructed images from the phantom did demonstrate statistically significant improvement of contrast and resolution using the automatic QC procedures.
New York city taxi analysis with graph signal processing

We apply graph signal processing to the study of taxi movement in New York City based on 2010–2013 New York City taxi data. Such analysis requires a signal extraction method that involves computing shortest paths between the start and end locations for each of the 700 million trip records. We perform spectral analysis on these graph signals, for which it is necessary to address the challenge of finding the eigendecomposition of the 6K-node directed Manhattan road network. We show that PSNR=29.90 dB is recovered for graph signals reconstructed from 70% of the graph frequency components. We illustrate that graph frequency components reveal taxi behaviors that are not obvious from the raw signal.
Discovering relational specifications

Formal specifications of library functions play a critical role in a number of program analysis and development tasks. We present Bach, a technique for discovering likely relational specifications from data describing input-output behavior of a set of functions comprising a library or a program. Relational specifications correlate different executions of different functions; for instance, commutativity, transitivity, equivalence of two functions, etc. Bach combines novel insights from program synthesis and databases to discover a rich array of specifications. We apply Bach to learn specifications from data generated for a number of standard libraries. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates Bach's ability to learn useful and deep specifications in a small amount of time.
Planning for Growth and Decline in America: A Concise History

Although cities have not always been planned, the North American experience tells us that most were quite well thought out from their very beginnings (Reps 1992; Southworth and Ben-Joseph 2013). Early planning was grounded in traditional sensibilities, using the design and layout of the city to emphasize military or economic might, celebrate religious symbols or buildings, or codify other traditional practices or rituals (Chudacoff 1981; Reps 1992; Alanen and Eden 2014).
Psychology’s Subject

Few could reasonably take exception to the idea that the discipline of psychology emerged to study the individual person: this is presumably the proper object of disciplinary inquiry or what I call “psychology’s subject.” The task of the field has been to develop the laws of individual functioning. Although a general consensus has emerged in regard to this matter, disagreements remain concerning just what it is about the individual person that should be studied: behavior, cognitive processes, neurophysiological processes, and so forth. And there continue to be disagreements about the methodologies that are required both to ground psychology’s work in the scientific tradition and to capture the essence of the human subject. Finally, even though specific subspecialities within psychology—for example, social psychology—are presumably designed to examine something “more than” the individual person, they generally round down to the study of the effects of other individuals on the individual who comes under their scrutiny (e.g., Allport, 1968).
46-Year Trends in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mortality in the United States, 1968 to 2013: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Background No large population-based studies have been done on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality trends in the United States. Objective To identify secular trends and population characteristics associated with SLE mortality. Design Population-based study using a national mortality database and census data. Setting United States. Participants All U.S. residents, 1968 through 2013. Measurements Joinpoint trend analysis of annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for SLE and non-SLE causes by sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region; multiple logistic regression analysis to determine independent associations of demographic variables and period with SLE mortality. Results There were 50 249 SLE deaths and 100 851 288 non-SLE deaths from 1968 through 2013. Over this period, the SLE ASMR decreased less than the non-SLE ASMR, with a 34.6% cumulative increase in the ratio of the former to the latter. The non-SLE ASMR decreased every year starting in 1968, whereas the SLE ASMR decreased between 1968 and 1975, increased between 1975 and 1999, and decreased thereafter. Similar patterns were seen in both sexes, among black persons, and in the South. However, statistically significant increases in the SLE ASMR did not occur among white persons over the 46-year period. Females, black persons, and residents of the South had higher SLE ASMRs and larger cumulative increases in the ratio of the SLE to the non-SLE ASMR (31.4%, 62.5%, and 58.6%, respectively) than males, other racial/ethnic groups, and residents of other regions, respectively. Multiple logistic regression showed independent associations of sex, race, and region with SLE mortality risk and revealed significant racial/ethnic differences in associations of SLE mortality with sex and region. Limitations Underreporting of SLE on death certificates may have resulted in underestimates of SLE ASMRs. Accuracy of coding on death certificates is difficult to ascertain. Conclusion Rates of SLE mortality have decreased since 1968 but remain high relative to non-SLE mortality, and significant sex, racial, and regional disparities persist. Primary funding source None.
A New Class of Planar Ultrawideband Modular Antenna Arrays With Improved Bandwidth

The theory, design, fabrication, and measurement of a new class of planar ultrawideband modular antenna (PUMA) arrays are presented. The proposed PUMA array class achieves twice the bandwidth (from 3:1 to 6:1) of the conventional shorted via-based PUMA without using an external matching network and while retaining convenient unbalanced feeding, manufacturing, and assembly characteristics. The chief enabling technical innovation hinges upon the reconfiguration of shorting vias into capacitively-loaded vias that simultaneously: 1) mitigate low-frequency bandwidth-limiting loop modes and 2) shift problematic common-mode resonances out-of-band. A simple theoretical model based on ridged waveguides is proposed that qualitatively and quantitatively explains this novel common-mode mitigation. An infinite array operating over 3.53–21.2 GHz (6:1) is designed to achieve active VSWR < {2, 2.5, 3.8} while scanning to {broadside, 45°, 60°}, respectively, without oversampling the aperture. D-plane cross-polarization is around {−15, −10} dB for {45°, 60°} scans with high efficiency, i.e., 0.5 dB co-polarized gain loss on average. A dual-polarized prototype 256-port (128 elements per polarization) array is fabricated and measured having good agreement with full-wave finite array simulations.
Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Secondary to Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Objectives Pulmonary embolism is a rarely reported and potentially treatable cause of cardiac arrest in children and adolescents. The objective of this case series is to describe the course of five adolescent patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest secondary to pulmonary embolism. Design Case series. Setting Single, large academic children's hospital. Patients All patients under the age of 18 years (n = 5) who experienced an in-hospital cardiac arrest due to apparent pulmonary embolism from August 1, 2013, to July 31, 2017. Interventions All five patients received systemic thrombolytic therapy (IV tissue plasminogen activator) during cardiac arrest or periarrest during ongoing resuscitation efforts. Measurements and main results Five adolescent patients, 15-17 years old, were treated for pulmonary embolism-related cardiac arrests during the study period. These accounted for 6.3% of all children and 25% of adolescents (12-17 yr old) receiving at least 5 minutes of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the study period. All five had venous thromboembolism risk factors. Two patients had known, extensive venous thrombi at the time of cardiac arrest, and one was undergoing angiography at the time of arrest. The diagnoses of pulmonary embolism were based on clinical suspicion, bedside echocardiography (n = 4), and low end-tidal CO2 levels relative to arterial CO2 values (n = 5). IV tissue plasminogen activator was administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in three patients and after the return of spontaneous circulation, in the setting of severe hemodynamic instability, in the other two patients. Four of five patients were successfully resuscitated and survived to hospital discharge. Conclusions Pulmonary embolism was recognized as the etiology of multiple adolescent cardiac arrests in this single-center series and may be more common than previously reported. Recognition, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and treatment with thrombolytic therapy resulted in survival in four of five patients.
The Intersection of Gender and Resuscitation Leadership Experience in Emergency Medicine Residents: A Qualitative Study

Objectives The objective was to examine emergency medicine (EM) residents' perceptions of gender as it intersects with resuscitation team dynamics and the experience of acquiring resuscitation leadership skills. Methods This was an exploratory, qualitative study using grounded theory and a purposive sample of postgraduate year (PGY) 2-4 EM residents who function as resuscitation team leaders in two urban EM programs. One-on-one interviews were conducted by a single experienced researcher. Audiotaped interviews were transcribed and deidentified by two research assistants. A research team composed of a PhD educational researcher, a research nurse, an MPH research assistant, and an EM resident reviewed the transcripts and coded and analyzed data using MAXQDA v12. Themes and coding schema were discussed until consensus was reached. We used member checking to assess the accuracy of our report and to confirm that the interpretations were fair and representative. Results Theme saturation was reached after interviewing 16 participants: 10 males and 6 females. The three major themes related to gender that emerged included leadership style, gender inequality, and relationship building. Both male and female residents reported that a directive style was more effective when functioning in the resuscitation leadership role. Female residents more often expressed discomfort with a directive style of leadership, preferring a more communicative and collaborative style. Both female and male residents identified several challenges as disproportionately affecting female residents, including negotiating interactions with nurses more and "earning the respect" of the team members. Conclusions Residents acknowledged that additional challenges exist for female residents in becoming resuscitation team leaders. Increasing awareness in residency program leadership is key to affecting change to ensure all residents are trained in a similar manner, while also addressing gender-specific needs of residents where appropriate. We present suggestions for addressing these barriers and incorporating discussion of leadership styles into residency training.
PolyGEE: a generalized estimating equation approach to the efficient and robust estimation of polygenic effects in large-scale association studies

To quantify polygenic effects, i.e. undetected genetic effects, in large-scale association studies, we propose a generalized estimating equation (GEE) based estimation framework. We develop a marginal model for single-variant association test statistics of complex diseases that generalizes existing approaches such as LD Score regression and that is applicable to population-based designs, to family-based designs or to arbitrary combinations of both. We extend the standard GEE approach so that the parameters of the proposed marginal model can be estimated based on working-correlation/linkage-disequilibrium (LD) matrices from external reference panels. Our method achieves substantial efficiency gains over standard approaches, while it is robust against misspecification of the LD structure, i.e. the LD structure of the reference panel can differ substantially from the true LD structure in the study population. In simulation studies and in applications to population-based and family-based studies, we illustrate the features of the proposed GEE framework. Our results suggest that our approach can be up to 100% more efficient than existing methodology.
From Paracelsus to Newton: The Word of God, the Book of Nature, and the Eclipse of the “Emblematic World View”

The unity of Sir Isaac Newton’s various esoteric and exoteric studies, the fundamental intersection—even convergence—of what we would regard now as discordant discourses, and the grounding in religion of Newton’s singular vision of Word and nature are foundational assumptions of much recent and revisionist Newtonian scholarship. This essay embraces the general spirit of the late Betty Jo Teeter Dobbs’s remarks in the above epigraph, while offering them for two strategic reasons. First, as an assurance to the reader that the subject of this paper does have some pertinence to Newton, even if its focus (and the limits of my scholarly horizons and competence) situates him on the periphery of the essay’s field of vision: for the Word of God and the Book of Nature do define metaphoric contexts for the narrative expression of Newton’s “vision,” or cultural project. Second, to suggest that certain specific features contributing to the general spirit of Dobbs’s portrait of Newton need to stand out in sharper relief: what meanings might “the assumption of the unity of Truth” have for the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? How, and to what extent, was such “Truth” accessible to humans? What were the relationships between God, His Word, and nature? In what senses were God and His Word seen to be “reflected” in nature? And finally, how was theological meaning encoded in nature and “retrieved” by human interpreters?
New p-ary Perfect Sequences and Difference Sets with Singer Parameters

For each odd prime p, each odd integer m > 1 and each even integer k,0 ≤ k ≤ m-1, the quadric Ω k defined by the quadratic form \(Tr\left( {{x^{{p^k} + 1}}} \right)\) on GF(pm)gives a difference set in G = GF(pm)x/GF(p)x which is equivalent to the classical one given by a hyperplane. We show that the equivalent quadrics D k = L k (Ω k ), where L k is the invertible linear map \(x \to x + {x^{{p^{2k}}}}\), are also difference sets; and we modulate the functions g k defined by \({g_k}\left( {{L_k}\left( x \right)} \right) = Tr\left( {{x^{{p^k} + 1}}} \right)\) to obtain p-ary functions h k whose corresponding sequences {h k (w t )}, w primitive in GF(pm)x, have ideal autocorrelation.
Analysis of optical turbulence evolution over the Space Shuttle Landing Facility

Ground to air temperature gradients drive the creation and evolution of optical turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer. Ground composition is an important factor when observing and measuring the generated optical turbulence. Surface roughness and thermal characteristics influence the formation of optical turbulence eddies. The Space Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF) at The Kennedy Space Center offers a unique opportunity to measure the generation and evolution of these turbulent eddies, while also providing a temperature gradient “Step Function” after which turbulence evolution can be analyzed. We present the analysis of data collected on the SLF during May of 2018. Mobile towers instrumented with sonic anemometers are used to examine the statistics of turbulent eddies leaving the increased heat gradient of the runway. This data is compared to an optical scintillometer and other local weather station data. Point and path average Cn2 data are calculated and attention is given to turbulence spectrum as a function of height above ground.
Surgical Versus Medical Team Assignment and Secondary Palliative Care Services for Patients Dying in a Cardiac Hospital.

Background:Secondary palliative care (SPC) provides several benefits for patients with cardiovascular disease, but historically, it has been underutilized in this population. Prior research suggest...
A Brief History of the β-Arrestins

Arrestins have now been implicated in the actions of virtually every G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for which they have been examined. Originally discovered for their role in the turnoff of visual perception, their newly discovered pleotropic functions in the cellular and physiological actions of GPCRs not only illuminate new mechanisms of signal transduction but also offer new avenues for therapeutic utility. Below, in this introductory chapter, we provide a short historical description and synopsis of how arrestins conceptually became associated with the function of GPCRs.
Family Resilience And Connection Promote Flourishing Among US Children, Even Amid Adversity.

The outcome of flourishing and its predictors have not been well documented among US children, especially those who face adversity. Using data for 2016 and 2017 from the National Survey of Children...
A Multi-View Discriminant Learning Approach for Indoor Localization Using Bimodal Features of CSI.

With the growth of location-based services, indoor localization is attracting great interests as it facilitates further ubiquitous environments. Specifically, device free localization using wireless signals is getting increased attention as human location is estimated using its impact on the surrounding wireless signals without any active device tagged with subject. In this paper, we propose MuDLoc, the first multi-view discriminant learning approach for device free indoor localization using both amplitude and phase features of Channel State Information (CSI) from multiple APs. Multi-view learning is an emerging technique in machine learning which improve performance by utilizing diversity from different view data. In MuDLoc, the localization is modeled as a pattern matching problem, where the target location is predicted based on similarity measure of CSI features of an unknown location with those of the training locations. MuDLoc implements Generalized Inter-view and Intra-view Discriminant Correlation Analysis (GI$^{2}$DCA), a discriminative feature extraction approach using multi-view CSIs. It incorporates inter-view and intra-view class associations while maximizing pairwise correlations across multi-view data sets. A similarity measure is performed to find the best match to localize a subject. Experimental results from two cluttered environments show that MuDLoc can estimate location with high accuracy which outperforms other benchmark approaches.
Predicting Density of Amorphous Solid Materials Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

The true density of an amorphous solid is an important parameter for studying and modeling materials behavior. Experimental measurements of density using helium pycnometry are standard but may be prevented if the material is prone to rapid recrystallization, or preparation of gram quantities of reproducible pure component amorphous materials proves impossible. The density of an amorphous solid can be approximated by assuming it to be 95% of its respective crystallographic density; however, this can be inaccurate or impossible if the crystal structure is unknown. Molecular dynamic simulations were used to predict the density of 20 amorphous solid materials. The calculated density values for 10 amorphous solids were compared with densities that were experimentally determined using helium pycnometry. In these cases, the amorphous densities calculated using molecular dynamics had an average percent error of − 0.7% relative to the measured values, with a maximum error of − 3.48%. In contrast, comparisons of amorphous density approximated from crystallographic structures with pycnometrically measured values resulted in an average percent error of + 3.7%, with a maximum error of + 9.42%. These data suggest that the density of an amorphous solid can be accurately predicted using molecular dynamic simulations and allowed reliable calculation of density for the remaining 10 materials for which pycnometry could not be done.
Cascaded H-Bridge MLI based Grid Connected Cell Level Battery Energy Storage System

This paper proposes a combination of cell-level energy processing and a Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHBMLI) for medium voltage, grid connected, battery energy storage systems. One isolated converter (Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter) manages each cell in the Battery Module, and the combination of Battery module and converter modules are cascaded to get the multi-level ac output voltage. The operating principle and control design of cell level isolated converter with double frequency ripple power, and the control strategy of the CHBMLI are presented. The performance of the battery cell level CHBMLI system with a 9-level inverter at small scale power level is validated through the simulations in MATLAB®/SIMULINK® software. The configuration holds promise for improving the performance and reliability of the battery modules at the cell level while also providing cell level galvanic isolation and high ac voltage.
Improving Quality of Care in Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Mobile Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement: Focus Group Study.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for chronic disease management can be integrated into the routine workflow by leveraging mobile technology. Objective: The objective of our study was to describe the process of our quality improvement (QI) efforts using tablets for PRO collection in a busy, academic rheumatology practice to support a treat-to-target (TTT) approach for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. Methods: Our QI team designed a process for routine collection of PROs for RA patients at the Arthritis Center, employing information technology and an electronic medical record (EMR) system. Patients received a tablet at the clinic check-in desk to complete the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3) survey, a validated RA PRO. RAPID3 scores were uploaded to the EMR in real time and available for use in shared decision making during routine office visits. Weekly data were collected on RAPID3 completion rates and shared with front desk staff and medical assistants to drive improvement. Patients in our patient family advisory council and focus groups provided informal feedback on the process. Results: From May 1, 2017, to January 31, 2019, a total of 4233 RAPID3 surveys were completed by 1691 patients. The mean age of patients was 63 (SD 14) years; 84.00% (1420/1691) of the patients were female, and 83.00% (1403/1691) of the patients were white. The rates of RAPID3 completion increased from 14.3% (58/405) in May 2017 to 68.00% (254/376) in September 2017 and were sustained over time through January 2019. Informal feedback from patients was positive and negative, relating to the usability of the tablet and the way rheumatologists used and explained the RAPID3 data in shared decision making during the office visit. Conclusions: We designed a sustainable and reliable process for collecting PROs from patients with RA in the waiting room and integrated these data through the EMR during office visits.
Diagnosis and clinical outcome following surgical resection of an intracranial grade III anaplastic gemistocytic astrocytoma in a cat.

Case summaryA 10-year-old Maine Coon cat was presented for acute onset seizures and cerebrothalamic signs. An intracranial mass, suspected to be a meningioma, was diagnosed on MRI and surgically ex...
Examining metastatic behavior within 3D bioprinted vasculature for the validation of a 3D computational flow model

Understanding the dynamics of circulating tumor cell (CTC) behavior within the vasculature has remained an elusive goal in cancer biology. To elucidate the contribution of hydrodynamics in determining sites of CTC vascular colonization, the physical forces affecting these cells must be evaluated in a highly controlled manner. To this end, we have bioprinted endothelialized vascular beds and perfused these constructs with metastatic mammary gland cells under physiological flow rates. By pairing these in vitro devices with an advanced computational flow model, we found that the bioprinted analog was readily capable of evaluating the accuracy and integrated complexity of a computational flow model, while also highlighting the discrete contribution of hydrodynamics in vascular colonization. This intersection of these two technologies, bioprinting and computational simulation, is a key demonstration in the establishment of an experimentation pipeline for the understanding of complex biophysical events.