cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Heart as a Site of Metastasis of Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Uterine leiomyomas are the most common gynecological tumors in premenopausal women. While the lung is the most common extrauterine organ afflicted, benign metastasizing leiomyomas (BML) of the heart are rarities. We report an incidental finding of a cardiac mass in a 36-year-old woman who presented to the Emergency Department after a motor vehicle accident. CT scan of the chest revealed 2 well-circumscribed pulmonary nodules and a filling defect in the right ventricle. Echocardiogram showed a 4 cm mass attached to the right ventricular (RV) septum. The cardiac tumor was resected and showed benign histologic features. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for smooth muscle α-actin and desmin, as well as estrogen and progesterone receptors, consistent with the diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma.
Analysis of Aldosterone in Urine by Double Isotope Dilution and Gas-Liquid Chromatography

The instability of corticosteroids, including aldosterone, during GLC was recognized by VandenHeuvel and Horning (1). Protection of aldosterone was provided by prior derivative formation as the gamma lactone (2, 3) and as the 18,21-diacetate (3, 4) Elimination of the 18 acetate group was found by Kliman and Foster (3) using 2%, 6 ft SE-30 columns, but not by Wotiz, Naukarinen and Carr who used 3%, 2-4 ft SE-30 columns (4). The application of GLC to the assay of biological samples containing aldosterone was reported by Kittinger (5), using gamma lactone formation after extraction of incubation fluid from rat adrenal glands. Because of prolonged retention time and low sensitivity of detection, 0.05-0.10 µg of aldosterone derivatives were required for analysis. The low concentration of aldosterone in biological fluids further limited the application of this new technique. The purpose of this investigation was to develop preparative and analytical methods allowing analysis of submicrogram amounts of aldosterone in human urine. Results using GLC were compared to the standard, sensitive, double isotope derivative method of Kliman and Peterson (6). The sensitivity of detection and identification of fractions eluting from the chromatograph were enhanced by simultaneous mass detection and collection of fractions for analysis of carbon-14 and tritium, by a modification of the method of Karmen et al. (7). The accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and utility of several methods of analysis were compared. The method of choice allows analysis in the millimicrogram range when radioactivity measurement is substituted as a detection system for GLC of aldosterone diacetate.
Uncertainty in illness and optimism in couples with Multiple Sclerosis

We examined relationships among uncertainty in illness, optimism, symptom severity, and depression in 18 individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and their partners. Participants are part of an ongoing study in which they complete assessments every 3 months for approximately 1 year. Preliminary analyses indicate some similarities as well as some differences in responses between individuals with MS and their partners. Specifically, results indicated a very strong positive correlation between patients' and partners' levels of uncertainty regarding the illness. Differences in responding were evident when comparing levels of depression with uncertainty. Levels of depression in patients positively related to levels of uncertainty in their partners. Preliminary results also suggest negative correlations between patients' levels of optimism and levels of uncertainty in both partners. Future analyses will focus on whether these relationships remain constant over time.
Polymerization and Polymer Modification Reactions in Near and Supercritical Fluids

Polymerization is the process of converting moeomer(s) to long chain molecules. It is a basic process to produce materials with “microstructural” features. The microstractural consequences of polymerization are reflected in the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, chain end groups, repeat unit orientation and chain regularity (as in tacticity), monomer sequence distributions (as in copolymers), branching, or crosslinking. The chain microstructure influences the ultimate properties of polymers that find ever increasing use in our everyday life.
Maternal effect of a hybrid inviability gene in Tribolium castaneum.

The Tribolium castaneum hybrid inviability gene, H, was selectively introgressed into a genetic background lacking H through serial paternal backcrosses. This revealed a poor viability phenotype (partial paralysis and poor control of the limbs, referred to as tremor) not present in the parent strains. Tremor cosegregated with H, but was expressed only when transmitted paternally and only when H was not also present maternally. The inferred maternal, self‐suppressive effect of H may explain nonreciprocal incompatibilty previously observed between H and H‐incompatible strains.
237. Die Allgemeinbehandlung schwerer Verbrennungen

Aus der zusammengefasten Definition der pathophysiologischen Ausgangssituation eines Schwerverbrannten werden die Ansatzpunkte der Allgemeintherapie abgeleitet.
Resonant Modes in Centrifugally Cast Stainless Steel (CCSS) Pipes

Lamb-waves are the elliptically polarized resonant modes of propagation in an isotropic solid plate with free boundaries. For a given plate thickness d and an ultrasonic frequency f, there exist a finite number of such propagation modes described by the associated phase velocity. A complete description of this dispersion structure is typically given in the form of a set of dispersion curves, one for each resonant mode, showing the variation of the Lamb-wave phase velocity as a function of the product fd. In general, Lamb-wave modes can be grouped into two fundamental types: symmetric modes or antisymmetric modes, depending on whether their displacement vector is symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to the median plane of the solid plate.
Modeling the Performance of CdTe Solar Cells with a CH 3 NH 3 Pb(I 1-X Br X ) 3 -like Back Buffer Layer

Like the emitter/absorber front interface, the backcontact interface plays a vital role in high efficiency CdTe solar cells. Due to the high electron affinity of CdTe, an additional buffer layer is required to ensure a proper band alignment at the back electrode. Recently, we showed that organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite can function as a back-buffer (BB)contact to CdTe devices. Here, we use numerical simulation to investigate the band alignment at the back junction of the CdTe device with the presence of a BB layer similar to the methylammonium lead iodide/bromide (MAPbI 1-X Br X ) systemSimulation were carried out for band gaps ranging from 1.6 to 2.2 eV while holding an offset of 0.5 eV in the conduction band with respect to CdTe. The result shows a significant enhancement in the open circuit voltage (V OC ) and fill factor (FF) for the BB layer with band gaps $\lt 2.0$ eV due to the reduction of the downward bending in the CdTe valance band. However, the BB layers with band gaps $\gt 2.0$ eV lead to a FF drop due to a large barrier formed at the BB/back-electrode interface.
Cross-Cultural Pedagogic Methods: Teaching in the Multi-Cultural Classroom

The classic study in ethnocultural diversity is Edward T. Hall's "The Silent Language”. The book’s message for educators is that the assumptions we make about student behaviors are based in our own cultural background and may have nothing to do with why a student behaves in a particular way. Therefore, it is important to understand the culturally imbued expectations of the ethnocultural groups encountered in the classroom and how these expectations play into the learning experience of these diverse sets of students. For example, the color red to a Korean student is unlucky and connotes a faux pas. So, marking a Korean student’s work with a red pen sends an unintended and offensive message. Many Asian cultures prefer group efforts over individual effort as is preferred in Western classrooms. How does this impact the typical assignments and exams given as part of a course? These issues are particularly important in the applied sciences, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels, where there are increasing numbers of students from diverse cultural communities. This presentation approaches these instructional issues and offers suggestions for avoiding the major improprieties that can occur in cross-cultural mis-communication. This will facilitate smooth integration of ethnoculturally diverse groups into instructional process.
Cultivating self-reliance: participation in urban agriculture as civil leisure

Using ethnographic methods, the present study explored volunteer participation in an urban farm in Austin, Texas, USA. Researchers spent three years documenting the activities of participants via p...
Steering Co-centered and Co-directional Optical and Acoustic Beams with a Water-immersible MEMS Scanning Mirror for Underwater Ranging and Communication*

This paper reports the development of a compact optical-acoustic frontend module for underwater communication and ranging. The module is enabled by a new water-immersible MEMS scanning mirror (WIMSM). It is capable of transmitting, receiving and steering co-centered and co-directional laser and ultrasound beams under water. To monitor its rotating angle in real time, scan position sensors based on Hall effect have been integrated into the WIMSM. The angular alignment of the laser and ultrasound beams in both transmission and reception modes has been examined. The experimental results show that the laser and ultrasound beams can remain aligned with less than 2.1 degrees under envelope of pan and tilt rotations. This capability is critical for the continuing development of the new bi-modal communication and ranging underwater Vehicles (AUVs).
Leveraging a Free Enterprise Printing Software Solution to Reduce Cost and Increase Revenue: Print Logger by PaperCut

Leveraging a free enterprise printing software solution to reduce cost and increase revenue tells the story of Valley Forge Military Academy & College's process of identifying the need for a printi...
Toward the Synthesis of Highly Processable Long-Chain Carbyne Using Multilevel Pulse Injection

Carbon nanomaterials receive much attention due to enhanced mechanical and electrical properties that arise from nanoconfinement. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (3-dimensional) and graphene sheets (2-dimensional) have seen applications as sensors, high-strength fiber reinforcements, and adhesives. Carbyne, a 1-dimensional purely carbon structure consisting of alternating single and triple bonds, is projected to be the strongest material in the known world, with specific strength several times that of CNTs and graphene. Despite its desirable properties, carbyne’s extreme instability under standard conditions has inhibited its commercial development. Recent advancements in carbyne synthesis using CNTs as molecular scaffolds show that carbyne may finally be able to progress from theory to reality. Here, an approach for the preparation and stabilization of long-chain carbyne without the use of CNTs is proposed. Using multilevel pulse-voltage injection (MLPI) to create uniform, subnanometer diameter pores in silicon nitride as thermally stable nanoreactors, initial theoretical calculations suggest that carbyne may be synthesized under high temperature and vacuum. Carbyne chains may then be extracted from the pores and subsequently stabilized by immersion into a solution of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). The long-chain carbyne is then free to be used for a multiplicity of applications, including low-threshold sensors and the realization of high-strength carbyne fibers.
Septic Arthritis of the Hip and Enterocutaneous Fistula Formation After Hip Arthroscopy: A Case Report of Psoas Abscess Misdiagnosed as Labral Pathology.

Case We describe a case of septic hip arthritis and enterocutaneous fistula formation caused by the seeding of a hip joint during hip arthroscopy performed in the setting of a psoas abscess. Treatment consisted of multiple debridements and femoral head resection with subsequent total hip arthroplasty. Conclusions This case highlights the importance of a thorough history, physical examination, and assessment of available imaging before proceeding to surgery, even when the procedure is one considered to have minimal risks, such as arthroscopy.
Classification of Error-Correcting Coded Data Using Multidimensional Feature Vectors

Error-correcting codes are used to encode data prior to transmission through noisy channel for their error-free data communication. In cryptographic secure communication, error-free key transmission is very essential for getting same key as used at transmitting end for message decryption at receiving end. As BCH codes, Golay codes, and Hamming codes are normally used in modern communication to encode data for error-free transmission over noisy channel, classification of distorted encoded data is an important activity and is very much required to decode intercepted data. We consider a statistical pattern recognition approach for classification of coded messages by applying multidimensional feature vectors and minimum distance criteria. The classification results obtained as shown in simulation results are quite encouraging, and we could classify such coded data with minimum 85 % and maximum up to 100 % success rate.
Variation in surgical management of primary hyperparathyroidism in the US Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system: A 15-year observational study

Abstract Background Primary hyperparathyroidism is underdiagnosed and undertreated nationally despite the benefits of parathyroidectomy. However, the degree of hospital-level variation in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism is unknown. Methods We performed a national, retrospective study of Veterans with primary hyperparathyroidism using the Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse from January 2000 to September 2015. The objective was to characterize the extent of hospital-level variation in the use of parathyroidectomy for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism within a national, integrated healthcare system. Rate of parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism was stratified by (1) geographic region, (2) facility complexity level, (3) volume of parathyroidectomies per facility, and (4) frequency of parathyroid hormone testing in hypercalcemic patients. Results Among 47,158 Veterans with primary hyperparathyroidism, 6,048 (12.8%) underwent parathyroidectomy. Rates of parathyroidectomy were significantly higher in the Continental (17.0%) and Pacific (16.0%) regions than in other areas (11.4%, P Conclusion Although there is notable variation in parathyroidectomy use for definitive treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism between Veterans Affairs facilities, parathyroidectomy rates are low across the entire system. Further research is needed to understand additional local contextual and other patient and clinician-level factors for the undertreatment of primary hyperparathyroidism to subsequently guide corrective interventions.
Data-Driven Insights on Behavioral Factors that Affect Diabetes Management

The prevalence of personal health data from wearable devices enables new opportunities to understand the impact of behavioral factors on health. Unlike consumer devices that are often auxiliary, such as Fitbit and Garmin, wearable medical devices like continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices and insulin pumps are becoming critical in diabetes care to minimize the occurrence of adverse glycemic events. Joint analysis of CGM and insulin pump data can provide unparalleled insights on how to modify treatment regimen to improve diabetes management outcomes. In this paper, we employ a data-driven approach to study the relationship between key behavioral factors and proximal diabetic management indicators. Our dataset includes an average of 161 days of time-matched CGM and insulin pump data from 34 subjects with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). By employing hypothesis testing and association mining, we observe that smaller meals and insulin doses are associated with better glycemic outcomes compared to larger meals and insulin doses. Meanwhile, the occurrence of interrupted sleep is associated with poorer glycemic outcomes. This paper introduces a method for inferring disrupted sleep from wearable diabetes-device data and provides a baseline for future research on sleep quality and diabetes. This work also provides insights for development of decision-support tools for improving short- and long-term outcomes in diabetes care.
Are we keeping up? Accessibility, equity and air quality in regional planning

Abstract Many US metropolitan areas have undergone dramatic shifts in socioeconomic organization.. As urban areas gentrify, many low-income residents and communities of color have transitioned towards the exurban periphery. These suburban neighborhoods tend to have fewer employment opportunities and are fairly disconnected from public transportation networks serving the urban core. Using regional transportation plans (RTPs) for three California MPOs, we show that the transportation accessibility and environmental health issues affecting these exurban communities are unique and inadequately captured by the MPOs' current equity metrics. MPOs performance evaluation is regional and achieving equity within the urban core communities will not address emerging equity, accessibility and air quality concerns for exurban communities. With a brief history and a focused case study of RTPs for the San Francisco Bay Area, San Diego, and Fresno, we examine how air pollution, equity, and transportation interact in three different types of 21st century cities. We find that when allocating limited transportation funds, California metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) prioritize the improvement of existing public transportation in urban core areas over expansion of transit networks towards disconnected exurbs. This approach is an effective way to reduce vehicle miles traveled (and thus, air pollution) at the regional level due to high population concentrations in urban cores. However, this approach also concentrates the air quality benefits of VMT reduction in these same urban core areas. Exurban residents' on-road and near-road exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP) will not be reduced by improving public transit within the urban core. We argue that although these suburban and exurban communities are a small percentage of the regional population, they have a right to share in the benefits of transportation investments, particularly given the historical and ongoing patterns of displacement and economic exclusion from urban core areas.
How personality affects teamwork: a study in multidisciplinary obstetrical simulation.

Background Multidisciplinary simulation has been shown to improve teamwork in the obstetrical literature by providing a safe, but realistic, environment for participants to learn. However, the impact of team members’ personality traits on how the team performs during an obstetrical emergency has not been studied in medicine. Objective Our objective was to evaluate teamwork and communication of simulation participants in association with personality traits within a multidisciplinary obstetrical simulation program. Study Design This was a prospective observational study of postpartum hemorrhage simulations involving participants from Obstetrics, Nursing, Midwifery, and Anesthesia. Before simulation, individual personality testing was performed on participants using the Big Five Inventory. Each team was scored using the Clinical Teamwork Scale after simulation. Communication and teamwork scores were evaluated for association, and personality traits were analyzed for association with teamwork and communication. For each personality trait, an interaction model was tested for 3 of the team scores: teamwork, communication, and situational awareness. Analysis of variance with 2 level interactions was used in this effort. Results From July 2018 to June 2019, 22 obstetrical simulations were performed with a total of 270 staff. Overall, teamwork was significantly associated with communication for each team. When examining individual personality scores, neuroticism was negatively associated with teamwork when coupled with communication. That is, increased neuroticism was significantly associated with increased communication that was detrimental to the overall teamwork. Other personality traits were not significantly associated with teamwork and communication (P=.03). Conclusion In a multidisciplinary simulation, communication was positively associated with teamwork, and specific personality traits negatively affected team performance.
Degree of preoperative hearing loss predicts time to early mobilization following vestibular schwannoma microsurgery.

Abstract Objective To test the hypothesis that severe to profound preoperative hearing loss predicts less acute postoperative vestibulopathy following microsurgical removal of vestibular schwannoma (VS) allowing for earlier postoperative mobilization and hospital discharge. Methods Patients with VS who underwent microsurgery and were found to have preoperative severe to profound hearing loss (pure tone average [PTA] > 70 dB HL) were matched 1:1 by age and tumor size to a group of randomly selected controls with preoperative serviceable hearing. Results A total of 57 patients met inclusion criteria and were matched to controls. Median age at the time of microsurgery was 56 years. The median PTA and WRS for cases were 91 dB HL (interquartile range [IQR] 78–120) and 0% (IQR 0–0), respectively. Median tumor size was 14.2 mm (IQR 10.9–20.9). A total of 35 (61%) patients exhibited nystagmus after surgery associated with acute vestibular deafferentation. Median time to ambulation in the hallway was 2 days. Controls exhibited similar tumor size (12.7 mm, p = 0.11) and age (57 years, p = 0.52). Preoperative hearing loss did not predict severity or duration of postoperative nystagmus or days to discharge; however, those with Class D hearing exhibited a shorter time to ambulation (p = 0.04). Conclusion Following microsurgical removal of VS, preoperative profound hearing loss was associated with a shorter time to postoperative mobilization; however, there were no observed associations with duration or severity of nystagmus and time to hospital discharge. Although not a predictor of nystagmus, preoperative profound hearing loss may portend quicker recovery from clinically significant postoperative vestibulopathy.
Therapeutic Implications of Germline Testing in Patients With Advanced Cancers.

PURPOSETumor mutational profiling is increasingly performed in patients with advanced cancer. We determined the extent to which germline mutation profiling guides therapy selection in patients with...
Partial resolution of the enzymes catalyzing oxidative phosphorylation. XXI. Resolution of submitochondrial particles from bovine heart mitochondria with silicotungstate.

Abstract Silicotungstate was found to remove the inner membrane spheres from submitochondrial particles derived from bovine heart. Both particulate and soluble ATPase were shown to be rapidly inactivated in the presence of low concentrations of silicotungstate. A simple and reproducible procedure for the preparation of deficient submitochondrial particles by treatment with silicotungstate was developed. These particles were resolved with respect to all known coupling factors as well as with respect to succinate dehydrogenase. Addition of reconstitutively active succinate dehydrogenase together with F1, F2, F3, and F5 restored oxidative phosphorylation with succinate as substrate. Addition of a succinate dehydrogenase preparation was required also for reconstitution of phosphorylation associated with the oxidation of DPNH or 32Pi-ATP exchange activity. This effect is due to the presence of a new coupling factor in the preparation.
Methods for evaluating the sustainability of green processes

Abstract A methodology, called GREENSCOPE (Gauging Reaction Effectiveness for the ENvironmental Sustainability of Chemistries with a multi-Objective Process Evaluator), is under development at the U.S. EPA's Office of Research and Development to directly compare the sustainability of processes that employ various chemistries or technologies. Evaluations using the method answer two questions: is an alternative green (i.e., does it have a lower environmental burden) and is it sustainable? For evaluating sustainability, methods are being developed in four areas, called the four E's: Efficiency, Environment, Energy and Economics. This paper represents the first descriptions of the evaluation methods for GREENSCOPE, including an example for the oxidation of toluene.
The Use of Auxiliary Ignition Devices to Improve Combustion of Low Cetane-High Volatility Fuels in a Diesel Engine

The use of auxiliary ignition devices to improve the combustion of low cetane-high volatility fuels in a Diesel engine is described. Previous combustion with a low cetane-high volatility fuel (with a spark plug located at the periphery of the cylinder) resulted in engine knock at heavy loads and poor engine operation at light loads. In the present investigation, several new ignition devices were used to ignite the fuel in the center of the cylinder, to allow combustion to be controlled by rate of injection. The devices used were an extended spark electrode, a fuel spray deflector, a nozzle glow ring, and a nozzle fuel cage. High speed photography and heat release were used to characterize the ignition and combustion process of the low cetane fuel in conjunction with the ignition devices. Combustion with all of the ignition devices was initiated in the center of the cylinder, significantly reducing engine knock. The use of the auxiliary ignition devices to ignite the fuel in the center of the chamber demonstrated extended operation of the Diesel engine for all of the devices tested.
Use of Crinone vaginal progesterone gel for luteal support in in vitro fertilization cycles.

Abstract Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravaginal Crinone 8% (Columbia Research Laboratories, Miami, FL) versus IM progesterone for luteal phase support after IVF-ET. Design: Prospective open trial with comparison to historical controls. Setting: University hospital. Patient(s): Two hundred six women undergoing IVF-ET. Intervention(s): One hundred patients received Crinone vaginal progesterone gel (90 mg once daily) and 106 patients received IM progesterone (50 mg once daily) beginning on the evening of oocyte retrieval. Main Outcome Measure(s): Pregnancy and miscarriage rates, and midluteal serum progesterone levels. Result(s): Positive β-hCG pregnancy rates, clinical pregnancy rates per transfer, and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar for the Crinone and IM progesterone groups. Women who received Crinone had higher rates of biochemical pregnancy loss but lower rates of clinical pregnancy loss (i.e., spontaneous abortion) than women who received IM progesterone. Midluteal serum progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the IM progesterone group (94.3 ± 8.8 ng/mL versus 57.7 ± 7.4 ng/mL). Several women who received Crinone had vaginal bleeding 11–13 days after oocyte retrieval. Conclusion(s): For all age categories, positive β-hCG and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar when Crinone or IM progesterone was given for luteal phase support in IVF-ET cycles, despite lower serum progesterone concentrations and higher rates of biochemical pregnancy loss with Crinone. Although the results of this study support the use of Crinone as an acceptable alternative for luteal support after IVF-ET, differences in bleeding patterns and rates of biochemical pregnancy loss demonstrate the need for a prospective randomized study.
Quantitative assessments of glycolysis from single cells

The most common positron emission tomography (PET) radio-labeled probe for molecular diagnostics in patient care and research is the glucose analog, 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG). We report on an integrated microfluidics-chip/beta particle imaging system for in vitro 18F-FDG radioassays of glycolysis with single cell resolution. We investigated the kinetic responses of single glioblastoma cancer cells to targeted inhibitors of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Further, we find a weak positive correlation between cell size and rate of glycolysis.
System on a chip: a system perspective

Technology advances are providing us with an overwhelming capability to create new products that will impact the way we work, live, learn and play. Integrated circuits are getting smaller and at the same time are faster, lower in cost and lower in power dissipation. We are, at the same time, integrating more on to a single device. The ability to put a complete system on one device is now a practical option. But, with the ability to create a complete "System On a Chip" (SOC) there comes the responsibility to do it wisely. The remainder of this paper will take a system's perspective of SOC. First, a quick look back at several examples of SOC. Then a discussion of why and how one should use SOC technology. Finally, a discussion on whom should design SOC.
Increasing file system availability through second-class replication

High availability in the Coda file system is achieved through two types of data replication: first-class replication, in which entire servers are replicated, and second-class replication, otherwise known as client caching. The two are complementary: server replication increases the availability of the entire file store, whereas caching permits operation in the event of total disconnection. A particularly valuable use of disconnected operation is the graceful integration of portable computers into the system. The use of second-class replication and its contribution to the system availability and disconnected operation are discussed. Transparent disconnected operation dictates a much-expanded role for client cache managers, effectively turning them into pseudoservers. Three phases of pseudoserver operation-hoarding, server emulation and reintegration-are described. >
Alteration Processes of Alkenones and Related Lipids in Water Columns and Sediments

[1] Alkenones produced by the haptophyte algae are currently being used as indices of sea surface temperature in recent and past ocean environments, but limited information is available concerning the impact of biotic and abiotic processes on the integrity of these long chain lipids. This synthesis provides selected background information on major alteration processes that must be considered before such indices can be used with confidence. A number of processes in the water column and surface sediments have the potential to impact the structural integrity of alkenones and compromise their ability as temperature markers. Processes discussed include the alteration of alkenone structure during early diagenesis, direct biotic and abiotic impacts, and the effect of digestive processes by grazers. Current literature suggests that despite substantial changes in concentration from biological processing, the temperature signal is preserved. For each of these processes, information on the integrity of the alkenone isotopic signature is also needed and limited information available is reviewed. In addition to the alkenones, related lipids including the long chain alkadienes and akyl alkenoates that might serve as ancillary markers are discussed.
Practice Made Perfect

In this first of a two-part Practice Made Perfect, the noted psychiatrist Alfred A. Messer, MD, describes the various motivations that lead patients to seek reconstruction. In Part II, he discusses behavior suggesting psychiatric illness and ways to handle unexpected reactions.
Binder-Free and Carbon-Free Nanoparticle Batteries: A Method for Nanoparticle Electrodes without Polymeric Binders or Carbon Black

In this work, we have developed a new fabrication method for nanoparticle (NP) assemblies for Li-ion battery electrodes that require no additional support or conductive materials such as polymeric binders or carbon black. By eliminating these additives, we are able to improve the battery capacity/weight ratio. The NP film is formed by using electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of colloidally synthesized, monodisperse cobalt NPs that are transformed through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect into hollow Co3O4. EPD forms a network of NPs that are mechanically very robust and electrically connected, enabling them to act as the Li-ion battery anode. The morphology change through cycles indicates stable 5–10 nm NPs form after the first lithiation remained throughout the cycling process. This NP-film battery made without binders and conductive additives shows high gravimetric (>830 mAh/g) and volumetric capacities (>2100 mAh/cm3) even after 50 cycles. Because similar films made from drop-casting do not perform well un...
The vertical change of coefficient b, used in the relaxed eddy accumulation method for flux measurement above and within a forest canopy

Abstract The relaxed eddy accumulation method (REAM), a conditional sampling technique, provides a potential alternative to the traditional eddy correlation method for measuring turbulent flux of chemical trace gases in the lower atmosphere, because it does not require a high sampling rate that is not feasible with most chemical analyzers. Recent studies suggest that the turbulent flux ( w′c′ ) is proportional to the standard deviation of vertical velocity (σw) and the difference (Δcw) between mean concentrations conditionally sampled during updrafts and downdrafts. The relationship of w′c′ = bcσwΔcw is used as the basis for the REAM. This relationship was tested with turbulence measurements made at six heights in and above a deciduous forest with emphasis on the height dependence of the coefficient b in the forest region. Results, based on the analysis of only sensible heat and water vapor fluxes with the REAM, show that the w′c′ −σ w Δ w linear relation may hold for different atmospheric stabilities and canopy leaf densities. The values of the coefficients bT and bq for both temperature and water vapor density, however, change with height, possibly because of the change in the efficiency of conditional concentration sampling during updrafts and downdrafts associated with the turbulence structure at different heights. At about 2.5 times the canopy height, bT is approximately equal to 0.58, which is close to the value of 0.6 found over a smooth surface. However, both bT and bq decrease as the canopy is approached and fall to about 0.51 at the canopy top. Using bc = 0.6 could cause the flux within the forest roughness sublayer to be overestimated as much as 18%. The possible role of organized turbulence structures of flow and the scalar fields existing in the lower atmosphere near the forest was examined.
The Well-Being of Immigrant Latino Youth: A Framework to Inform Practice

All families must confront positive and negative influences when raising children. This challenge is greater for new immigrants, who must negotiate the additional influences of culture and environment and incorporate their family history into their life in a new country. This article summarizes findings regarding the well-being of Latino youth on domains important to functioning later in life (e.g., mental health, substance use, school functioning, early adult role-taking). The summary is followed by a discussion of the psychosocial risks that threaten the successful adaptation of Latino youth in immigrant families and the protective factors that facilitate their adaptation. A framework of practice guidelines and case applications is proposed to guide helping professionals in assessing the needs of Latino youth.
Power fingerprinting in SDR & CR integrity assessment

Integrity assessment plays a critical role in the security and regulatory certification of software-defined radio (SDR) and cognitive radio (CR). We propose a novel approach to assess the execution status of SDR and CR by monitoring their dynamic power consumption. The approach relies on extracting distinctive power consumption signatures, or fingerprints, and then using pattern recognition techniques to determine if they match expected behavior. This approach provides an external, independent monitor for assessing the integrity of SDR and CR. Feasibility experiments are encouraging and show the correct identification of basic software routines using discriminatory features extracted from the time domain.
Impact of MIC Range for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae on the Ceftolozane In Vivo Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target

Ceftolozane is a novel cephalosporin with activity against drug-resistant pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The in vivo investigation reported here tested the limits of this drug against 20 P. aeruginosa and S. pneumoniae isolates across a wide MIC range and defined resistance mechanisms. The times above the MIC (T>MIC) targets for stasis and 1- and 2-log reductions were 31%, 39%, and 42% for P. aeruginosa and 18%, 24%, and 27% for S. pneumoniae, respectively. The 1-log endpoint was achieved for strains with MICs as high as 16 μg/ml.
The Proportional Venn Diagram of Obstructive Lung Disease*: Two Approximations From the United States and the United Kingdom

Study objectives The nonproportional Venn diagram of obstructive lung disease (OLD) produced for the 1995 American Thoracic Society guidelines has not been quantified. We aim to quantify the proportion of the general population with OLD and the intersections of physician-diagnosed asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema in the United States and the United Kingdom, and to examine the relationship to obstructive spirometry. Design and participants We analyzed data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) III survey (1988 to 1994) and the UK General Practice Research Database for the year 1998. Results The areas of intersection among the three OLD conditions produced seven mutually exclusive disease groups. The asthma-only group was the largest proportion of OLD patients, accounting for 50.3% and 79.4% of all OLD patients in the United States and the United Kingdom, respectively, and decreased with increasing age. Overall, 17% and 19% of OLD patients in the United States and in the United Kingdom, respectively, reported more than one OLD condition, and this percentage increased with age. According to the spirometry data from NHANES III, only 37.4% of emphysema-only patients had objective airflow obstruction. The prevalence of airflow obstruction was significantly higher among participants with combinations of emphysema and chronic bronchitis (57.7%), with emphysema and asthma (51.9%), and with all three OLD diseases concomitantly (52.0%). Conclusion Concomitant diagnosis of asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema is common among OLD patients from the general population, particularly in adults aged ≥ 50 years.
Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Assemblies of a Polydiacetylene. 1. Synthesis, Structure, and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties

A diacetylene monomer with a rigid backbone and capable of forming hydrogen bonds was synthesized and found to polymerize forming two-dimensional supramolecular assemblies. The two-dimensional structure self-assembles when UV light generates polydiacetylene comb polymers, and hydrogen bonds are established within molecular layers. The two-dimensional assemblies have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy and found to consist of highly ordered bilayers. The material forms blue solid thin films which generate third-order nonlinear optical signals and have remarkable photochemical stability to 1064 nm radiation from a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Upon heating to 62 °C, the material turns bright red reversibly while maintaining its two-dimensional structure, and this thermochromic process is accompanied by endothermic and exothermic signatures detected by differential scanning calorimetry. Most importantly, however, variable temperature sum frequency generation experiments show that the...
Amplidyne-Controlled Log Carriage Drive

HIGH PRODUCTION rates demanded by modern sawmills necessitate having a log carriage drive capable of moving the log-supporting carriage back and forth past the saw at an extremely rapid rate — in many mills this rate will be as high as 15 round trips per minute, when cutting a 16-foot log. For years the only prime mover which would meet these high production rates was steam, using the so-called “shotgun” drive or “twin-engine” drive. However, the recently developed amplidyne-controlled electric drive is now a serious competitor of the steam drive wherever high production, ease of control, and efficiency are demanded.
Geometry of simple molecules: nonbonded interactions, not bonding orbitals, and primarily determine observed geometries.

The forces responsible for the observed geometries of the YX3 (Y = N or P; X = H, F, or Cl) molecules were studied through ab initio computations at the HF-SCF/6-31G* level. The calculated molecular orbitals were grouped as contributing primarily to (a) the covalent bonds, (b) the terminal atom nonbonding electrons (for X = F or Cl), and (c) the central atom nonbonding electrons. This grouping was accomplished through 3-D plotting and an atomic population analysis of the molecular orbitals. The molecules were then moved through a X−Y−X angular range from 90° to 119°, in four or five degree increments. Single-point calculations were done at each increment, so as to quantify the energy changes in the molecular orbital groups as a function of geometry. These calculations show that the nonbonding electrons are much more sensitive to geometry change than are the bonding orbitals, particularly in the trihalide compounds. The molecular orbitals representing the nonbonding electrons on the terminal atoms (both va...
Harmful algal bloom species and phosphate-processing effluent: Field and laboratory studies

In 2002, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection began discharging phosphate-processing effluent into Bishop Harbor, an estuary within Tampa Bay. Because of concerns that the effluent would serve as a nutrient source for blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, a field monitoring program was established and laboratory bioassays were conducted. Several harmful algal bloom (HAB) species, including Prorocentrum minimum and Heterosigma akashiwo, were observed in bloom concentrations adjacent to the effluent discharge site. Blooms of diatoms were widespread throughout Bishop Harbor. K. brevis was observed with cell concentrations decreasing with increasing proximity to the effluent discharge site. Bioassays using effluent as a nutrient source for K. brevis resulted in decreased cell yields, increased growth rates, and increased time to log-phase growth. The responses of HAB species within Bishop Harbor and of K. brevis to effluent in bioassays suggested that HAB species differ in their response to phosphate-processing effluent.
Neutron resonances in 185Re and 187Re

Abstract In a search for intermediate structure, neutron time-of-flight spectra corresponding to 1 and 4 MeV capture γ-ray thresholds were measured for the target isotopes 185, 187 Re. The data were analyzed from the point of view of level spacings as well as intermediate structure. A method was developed for estimating the neutron widths of the resonances even in those cases where the neutron widths are comparable to the γ-widths. On the basis of this analysis it was decided which resonances were most likely to be due to p-wave capture. While some unusual behavior was observed, there is no conclusive evidence for intermediate structure. The statistics of level spacings agree with the long range ordering described in the theory of Dyson and Mehta, and are inconsistent with an uncorrelated Wigner distribution. Energies, estimated neutron widths and p-wave probabilities (if over 10 %) for 488 resonances in 185 Re and 335 resonances in 187 Re are tabulated for the energy range 24 eV to 2 keV.
Equilibrium Defects and Concentrations in Nickel Aluminide

Perturbed angular correlation of gamma rays was applied to determine properties of equilibrium defects in B2 NiAl near the stoichiometric composition. Point defects were detected through quadrupole interactions they induce at In probe atoms on the Al sublattice. Well-resolved signals were observed for probe atoms having zero, one or two Ni-vacancies (V{sub Ni}) in the first neighbor shell. The fractions of probes in different sites are analyzed using a thermodynamic model to determine defect properties as follows. The equilibrium high-temperature defect is determined to be the triple defect combination (two V{sub Ni} and one Ni-antisite atom) through the variation of the vacancy concentration with composition and not, for example, the Schottky vacancy pair. The binding enthalpy of V{sub Ni} with a probe atom was determined to be in the range 0.18--0.24 eV. Site fractions were measured for three samples having 50.03, 50.14 and 50.91 at.% Ni at temperatures up to 1300 C. Vacancy concentrations were deduced from the site fractions and binding enthalpy. The equilibrium constant for formation of the triple defect was determined as a function of temperature from the vacancy concentrations and sample compositions. The formation enthalpy was found to be in the range 1.65--1.83 eV, depending onmore » the binding enthalpy. The formation entropy was found to be {minus}3.2(4)k{sub B}. The large, negative value of the formation entropy probably cannot be explained in terms of a binding entropy, and the authors speculate that triple defects harden the B2 lattice, perhaps by disrupting the well-known 1/3 {l{underscore}angle}111{r{underscore}angle} soft mode lattice instability in B2 and bcc materials.« less
Microcomputer applications in pathology research

In a study of over 700 cases of uveal melanoma on file in the Department of Pathology of Wills Eye Hospital, a low-cost microcomputer using commercially available software (without modification) was used to: word process and edit this manuscript, create a patient file storage and retrieval system including the ability to create subfiles, merge files, and interchange file types, plot data points in several different graphic formats, transcribe and store information from microscopic tissue sections containing intraocular melanomas, and solve complex equations including statistical analysis. The results showed that over 150 different ophthalmologists contributed specimens to this data base. The mean age of the patients studied was 57 years and the tumors were evenly distributed according to sex and laterality of the eye. This study illustrates the feasibility of using a low-cost microcomputer and commercially available software in the study of a large patient data base.