cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Differentiation of Self, Adult Attachment, and Sexual Communication on Sexual and Marital Satisfaction: A Path Analysis

This article explores the relations among differentiation of self, adult attachment, sexual communication, sexual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction, in a path analysis model. In a sample of 205 married adults, the path analysis results indicated that (a) differentiation of self had no direct effect on marital or sexual satisfaction, although it was significantly related to sexual communication; (b) adult attachment had a direct effect on marital satisfaction, but not on sexual satisfaction; (c) sexual communication is a mediating variable; (d) sexual communication was positively related to sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction; and (e) no gender differences existed in the model.
Preliminary results of balloon kyphoplasty for vertebral compression fractures in organ transplant recipients.

Object. Organ transplant recipients are at risk for vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). The goal of this study was to determine whether kyphoplasty is an effective treatment for VCFs that develop in this patient population. Methods. Six consecutive patients who had undergone an organ transplant (five liver and one kidney transplant) had a total of 13 symptomatic VCFs that were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. Postprocedure follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 12 months. The mean visual analog scale pain score was 9.3 before treatment and declined to 1.8 after treatment. This improvement was highly significant (p � 0.001). Intake of narcotic drugs decreased or was eliminated in all patients, and there were no complications related to the procedure. There was one instance of clinically insignificant extraosseous cement extravasation. Sagittal alignment was improved by 5˚ in one patient and was unchanged in the remaining five. During the follow-up period, a new fracture developed adjacent to a treated level in one patient. This was successfully treated with an additional kyphoplasty procedure. Conclusions. Kyphoplasty can be performed safely in organ transplant recipients with VCF, in whom results are just as favorable as those seen in patients with no history of organ transplantation.
Strand-Specific Nick in Open Circular R-Factor Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Attachment of the Linear Strand to a Proteinaceous Cellular Component

The fraction of covalently closed circular R-factor R12 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) isolated from Proteus mirabilis was found to depend upon the pH of the buffer used to suspend the cells at the time of lysis. Examination of the open circular DNA revealed that there is one strand-specific nick per R-factor molecule. This same DNA strand also appeared to be bound to a proteinaceous particulate fraction of the cell.
Students’ academic motivation: relations with parental warmth, autonomy granting, and supervision

In this investigation we assessed the relationships between perceptions of parenting and student’s academic motivation and success. College students completed a series of questionnaires assessing perceptions of parental warmth, autonomy granting, and supervision, and perceptions of academic control. Findings revealed different models for males and females. For females, perception of control was predicted by parental warmth and supervision. For males, only parental warmth was a significant predictor of perceptions of control. Perception of control predicted grade point average for both males and females. Parenting probably influences the development of motivational beliefs during childhood and adolescence and these beliefs continue to be important into the college years. Additionally, our findings of gender differences suggest that the effects of parenting may be moderated by the child’s gender.
Is it easy to be urban? Convergent success in urban habitats among lineages of a widespread native ant.

The most rapidly expanding habitat globally is the urban habitat, yet the origin and life histories of the populations of native species that inhabit this habitat remain poorly understood. We use DNA barcoding of the COI gene in the widespread native pest ant Tapinoma sessile to test two hypotheses regarding the origin of urban populations and traits associated with their success. First, we determine if urban samples of T. sessile have a single origin from natural populations by looking at patterns of haplotype clustering from across their range. Second, we examine whether polygynous colony structure – a trait associated with invasion success – is correlated with urban environments, by studying the lineage dependence of colony structure. Our phylogenetic analysis of 49 samples identified four well supported geographic clades. Within clades, Kimura-2 parameter pairwise genetic distances revealed <2.3% variation; however, between clade genetic distances were 7.5–10.0%, suggesting the possibility of the presence of cryptic species. Our results indicate that T. sessile has successfully colonized urban environments multiple times. Additionally, polygynous colony structure is a highly plastic trait across habitat, clade, and haplotype. In short, T. sessile has colonized urban habitats repeatedly and appears to do so using life history strategies already present in more natural populations. Whether similar results hold for other species found in urban habitats has scarcely begun to be considered.
Consumer need for tactile input

Abstract A shortcoming of Internet-based retailing efforts is consumers' inability to touch products during their purchase decision-making processes. This research is a preliminary effort to examine the construct of need for tactile input by consumers and its impact on the likelihood to purchase products over the Internet. Initial measurement of the construct is developed through a survey of 272 respondents. This consumer characteristic is then shown to impact negatively the purchase of products on the Internet, particularly those requiring more tactile cues for their evaluation. Further, women showed a higher need for tactile input compared to men in making product evaluations. Strategic implications of the importance of considering consumers' need for tactile input for Internet retailers are provided.
THE 94‐DAY CANNABIS STUDY

The UCLA cannabis project has provided several interesting observations that contribute to our knowledge about this plant and its constituents. Some of the findings (reduction in intraocular pressure, bronchodilation) may have therapeutic significance in the future. Certain results (testosterone lowering, airway narrowing after heavy use) indicate that side effects are also a possibility. Other data (unchanged immune response, lack of chromosomal alterations) seem to controvert the reports of other investigators. Still other information obtained (hemispheric lateralization, electroencephalographic changes) appears to represent new knowledge about the effects of cannabis on humans.
Trajectories of cigarette smoking from adolescence to adulthood as predictors of unemployment status.

Introduction This longitudinal study examined the association between trajectories of cigarette smoking and unemployment across a 29-year time period from mean age 14 to mean age 43. Methods Participants came from a community-based random sample of residents in 2 upstate New York counties. Data were collected at 7 timepoints. Results Using growth mixture modeling, 5 trajectory groups of cigarette smokers were identified. The trajectory groups were as follows: heavy/continuous smokers, occasional smokers, late-starting smokers, quitters/decreasers, and nonsmokers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between the participant's trajectory group membership and unemployment in the fifth decade of life. The association was determined with controls for age, gender, current cigarette use, current alcohol use, current marijuana use, physical diseases, occupation, educational level, past unemployment experience, socioeconomic status measures of family of origin, depressive mood, and self-control from adolescence through the early 40s. The findings indicate that patterns of adolescent and young adult cigarette smoking have implications for later unemployment. Overall, the results showed that people who fell into the categories of heavy/continuous smokers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.84) and occasional smokers (AOR = 4.03) were more likely to be unemployed at mean age 43 when compared with nonsmokers. There was no significant difference between the quitters/decreasers and the nonsmokers with respect to unemployment. Conclusions Intervention programs designed to deal with unemployment should consider focusing on heavy/continuous and occasional cigarette smokers as risk factors for unemployment.
Genotype- and mutation site-specific QT adaptation during exercise, recovery, and postural changes in children with long-QT syndrome.

Background— Exercise stress testing has shown diagnostic utility in adult patients with long-QT syndrome (LQTS); however, the QT interval adaptation in response to exercise in pediatric patients with LQTS has received little attention. Methods and Results— One-hundred fifty-eight patients were divided into 3 groups: Those with LQTS type 1 (LQT1) or LQTS type 2 (LQT2) and normal control subjects without cardiovascular disease. Each patient underwent a uniform exercise protocol with a cycle ergometer followed by a 9-minute recovery phase with continuous 12-lead ECG monitoring. Each patient underwent a baseline ECG while resting in the supine position and in a standstill position during continuous ECG recording to determine changes in the QT and RR intervals. Fifty patients were gene-positive for LQTS (n=29 for LQT1 and n=21 for LQT2), and the control group consisted of 108 patients. QT interval adaptation was abnormal in the LQT1 patients compared with LQT2 and control patients ( P 460 ms in the late recovery phase at 7 minutes predicted LQT1 or LQT2 versus control subjects with 96% specificity, 86% sensitivity, and a 91% positive predictive value. A recovery ΔQTc(7 min−1 min) >30 ms predicted LQT2 versus LQT1 with 75% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and a 75% positive predictive value. The postural ΔQT was significantly different between LQTS and control groups ( P =0.005). Conclusions— Genotype-specific changes in repolarization response to exercise and recovery exist in the pediatric population and are of diagnostic utility in LQTS. An extended recovery phase is preferable to assess the repolarization response after exercise in the pediatric population.
Natural emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen from North America

The magnitudes, distributions, controlling processes and uncertainties associated with North American natural emissions of oxidant precursors are reviewed. Natural emissions are responsible for a major portion of the compounds, including non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO), that determine tropospheric oxidant concentrations. Natural sources include soil microbes, vegetation, biomass burning, and lightning. These sources are strongly in#uenced by human activities that have led to signi"cant changes in the magnitude and distribution of natural emissions in the past two centuries. The total NMVOC #ux of about 84]1012 g of carbon (Tg C) is comprised primarily of isoprene (35%), 19 other terpenoid compounds (25%) and 17 non-terpenoid compounds (40%). Vegetation is predicted to contribute about 98% of the total annual natural NMVOC emission. The estimated annual natural NO emission of 2.1]1012 g of nitrogen (Tg N) from North America is primarily due to soils and lightning, while the estimated 10 Tg C of CO arises from biomass burning and vegetation. Field measurements of ambient concentrations and above canopy #uxes have validated emission estimates for a few compounds from some important landscapes. The uncertainty associated with natural emission estimates ranges from less than 50% for midday summer isoprene emission from some locations to about a factor of 10 for some compounds and landscapes. ( 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
A new procedure for interfacing the transmission line matrix (TLM) method with frequency-domain solutions

The authors present a new procedure that interfaces the transmission-line matrix (TLM) method with frequency-domain solutions of electromagnetic fields. Frequency-domain solutions are transformed into appropriate time-domain sequences using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). Hence, the corresponding boundary Johns matrix can be determined with minimum computational effort. The subsequent treatment consists in convolving the streams of TLM impulses incident on the boundary with a Johns matrix generated with the new approach. The method is used to obtain the time-domain reflection sequence of wideband absorbing terminations in a rectangular waveguide in the dominant mode operation. In addition, the time-domain analysis of pulse penetration through a sheet with high, but finite, conductivity is presented. Good results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed procedure. >
The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership: A Roadmap for Success

The potential upside of a comprehensive Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership agreement to liberalize trade, investment, and regulatory barriers between the United States and the European Union is substantial. The economic benefits are estimated to be in the range of a $125 billion annual boost to GDP on each side of the Atlantic. Realistically, the benefits will depend on whether the enthusiastic rhetorical commitments to achieving a comprehensive agreement are matched by actual accomplishments on the ground. A comprehensive, ambitious agreement will require the resolution of differences in dozens of areas. On some issues, bridging the divides should be fairly straightforward, though not necessarily easy. On others, success will require copious amounts of determination, ingenuity, and political will.This paper suggests a procedural roadmap for managing the negotiations in an orderly, constructive, politically digestible manner. Managing with forethought and determination a process that could otherwise descend into an intractable quagmire is essential to ensuring that negotiators deliver most of what they promise.
Premises, Principles, and Practices in Qualitative Research: Revisiting the Foundations

In this keynote address, the author focuses on what we bring to qualitative inquiry and how we conduct our research. What we do, why we do it, and how we do it remain contested issues. She proposes that we look at our methodological premises anew, revisit our principles, and revise our practices. Throughout this address, she draws on Goffman's methodological insights to provide a foundation for reassessing qualitative inquiry. She argues that researchers can build on Goffman's ideas to strengthen their methodological practices and research products. Last, she counters current institutional scrutiny of qualitative inquiry and suggests unacknowledged benefits of this work.
Children with severe asthma have unique oxidative stress–associated metabolomic profiles

Children with severe asthma have unique metabolic derangements associated with oxidative stress-related pathways. These metabolic differences may contribute to corticosteroid insensitivity in severe asthma and may be novel targets for further study and therapeutic intervention.
Detecting Apprentices and Innovators in the Archaeological Record: The Shell Bead-Making Industry of the Channel Islands

Archaeologists have demonstrated that it is challenging but feasible to identify the material remains of apprenticing activities associated with stone tool and ceramic assemblages. Building on this work, I explore apprenticing behavior in North America’s most intensive ancient shellworking context, using the large bead-making assemblages from California's Channel Islands. I examine a spectrum of production errors associated with a newly identified variant of Olivella shell bead and offer generalizations about what we should find in the material record of apprentices engaged in manufacturing ornamental goods. I also explore how we may distinguish novices’ errors from the mistakes of skilled experts experimenting with new bead forms. Existing ethnoarchaeological studies of children’s roles and contemporary craft practitioners specializing in ceramics, bead making, stone work, and other materials are foundational sources of data for this project, providing insights into the transmission of technical information from experts to novices in communities of practice. Such work directly informs archaeological research and facilitates our understanding of apprenticing from periods and regions where ethnographic information is insufficient or inapplicable.
PULSED MICROWAVE-VACUUM DRYING OF FOOD MATERIALS

ABSTRACT Microwave drying of food materials has been investigated over several years as a potential means for reducing the total drying time. However, some quality loss almost always accompanied when foods were dried completely using microwaves due to nonuniform temperature and moisture distribution. Some strategies used to improve dried product quality include combination of microwave and conventional hot air drying. pulsed or intermittent drying, and microwave-vacuum drying. Combination of pulsing and vacuum drying is a useful technique to maximize energy use efficiency and product quality especially for temperature sensitive products such as fruits. Some results of pulsed, microwave-vacuum drying of cranberries are presented. Pulsed drying is more energy efficient than continuous drying. In pulsed drying, the longer the pulsing ratio (i.e. longer power-off time in relation to power-on time) was more energy efficient. The quality of pulse-dried product was also generally better than that of continuous-d...
Extracellular Vesicles Activate a CD36-Dependent Signaling Pathway to Inhibit Microvascular Endothelial Cell Migration and Tube Formation

Objective—Literature on the effect of cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EV), ≤1 μm vesicles shed from various cell types during activation or apoptosis, on microvascular endothelial cell (MVEC) signaling is conflicting. Thrombospondin-1 and related proteins induce anti-angiogenic signals in MVEC via CD36. CD36 binds EV via phosphatidylserine exposed on their surface but the effects of this interaction on MVEC functions are not known. We hypothesized that EV would inhibit angiogenic MVEC functions via CD36. Approach and Results—EV generated in vitro from various cell types or isolated from plasma inhibited MVEC tube formation in in vitro matrigel assays and endothelial cell migration in Boyden chamber assays. Exosomes derived from the same cells did not have inhibitory activity. Inhibition of migration required endothelial cell expression of CD36. In mouse in vivo matrigel plug assays, EV inhibited cell migration into matrigel plugs in wild type but not in cd36 null animals. Annexin V, an anionic phosph...
Modeling Peer Choice in a Static Setting: The Roles of Relative Position, Bandwagon Effects, and Reference Income Proximity

This paper presents a simple model of peer selection in a static, single-period model setting. Given the connections between consumption and how one perceives the consumption of peers, this project takes a further step backward in terms of understanding the process of consumer self-segregation into various “classes” or “peer groups” as a result of concerns about relative consumption, the extent to which one is a member of a relatively larger group of consumers (the size of the bandwagon), and the proximity of the peer or reference income. The paper considers the choice process in the context of a single period model where consumers expend all of their resources. It compares social welfare when individuals independently choose their class divisions with social welfare achieved when class boundaries are determined through an external social welfare maximizing process. The paper then goes on to consider a redistributive scheme that would minimize the difference between the social welfare maximum and that achieved when individuals choose their class divisions freely.
Retinal Detachment in Axial Myopia

A retrospective review of the complications of extracapsular cataract extraction in 127 cases followed between August 1980 and February 1985 is presented. The incidence of retinal detachment in eyes with axial length greater than 25.00 mm was found to be 9.59%, while no detachments occurred in eyes less than 25.00 mm. All of the patients with detached lenses were male. Extracapsular cataract extraction, an intact capsule, and placement of a posterior chamber lens do not prevent retinal detachment. A male with an axial length greater than 25.00 mm is more predisposed to develop a retinal detachment following cataract extraction and should therefore be counseled regarding the symptoms of retinal detachment and followed with careful ophthalmoscopy.
Philosophy-in-place and the provenance of dialogue

Dialogue, as a concept, is often seen as both central to and a prerequisite for philosophical understanding, especially across cultural divides. I wish to reposition dialogue from being a force for unity and transcendence, to being a force for distinction and immanence. This creative tension is possible only when one takes a place-based approach to philosophy, that is, when one recognises that concepts have their own provenance, a provenance which was defined and developed as questions were raised in an environment of productive inter-traditional tension. Philosophical traditions are constructed as they (to use Deleuze and Guattari's terms) deterritorialise and reterritorialise thought, that is, as they transform concepts into usable markers of philosophical life. I will resist the impulse to move to the meta-level of ‘conversation’, which serves only to obscure the productive tension between traditions. Attending to the place of philosophy, on the other hand, makes possible both a more thorough self-crit...
Syntheses and Characterization of Palladium Complexes with a Hemilabile “PCO” Pincer Ligand

The synthesis of a new pincer ligand (tBuPCO = 2-(CH2PtBu2)-6-(CH2OCH3)C6H3) is reported. This ligand has been observed to coordinate in three different modes to palladium. The tBuPCO ligand coordinates in a monodentate fashion through the phosphine moiety in the dimeric [(tBuPCO)Pd(Cl)(μ-Cl)]2. Bidentate coordination is observed through the phosphine and the aryl ring in the binuclear [(tBuPCO)Pd(μ-OH)]2. The traditional tridentate coordination mode of a pincer is observed in the monomeric complex (tBuPCO)PdCl, wherein the ether oxygen provides the third point of attachment. Each of these novel palladium(II) complexes was characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. A variety of other palladium(II) complexes of tBuPCO have also been prepared and characterized, including the hydroxide complex (tBuPCO)PdOH. The reactivity of the hydroxide complex with CO2, CO, and H2 is reported.
The Influence of Diflubenzuron on Several Reproductive Characteristics in Male and Female Layer-Breed Chickens

Abstract The possibility exists for the accidental contamination of feedstuffs used in poultry and livestock feeds with diflubenzuron (Dimilin, TH 6040; N-[[(4-chlorophenyl) amino]-carbonyl] -2, 6-difluorobenzamide), an insect growth regulator. The effect of this insecticide on reproduction in chickens was tested by feeding diflubenzuron at levels of 0, 2.5, 25, and 250 ppm to male and female layer-breed chickens from 1 day of age through a laying cycle. Characteristics measured were egg production, egg weight, eggshell weight, fertility, hatchability, and effects on the progeny. Feeding diflubenzuron at levels up to 250 ppm did not affect die characteristics measured. These results will be useful in evaluating the use of diflubenzuron in the field.
Potentiation of rat colon intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) natural killer (NK) activity with indomethacin.

Natural killer (NK) cells are thought to play a central role in host immunosurveillance against the development and dissemination of cancer (1–3). The role of gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in anti-tumor host defense is not known. It is logical to assume that a malignancy developing within a specific organ would first encounter local immune elements. Rats treated with the colon carcinogens 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine have been widely used as a model of human colon carcinoma (4). In addition, this model is suitable for studying the immune response to large bowel cancer (5). The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is NK activity in rat colon intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and whether treatment with the prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, indomethacin, will enhance NK function.
Herpesvirus Entry into Host Cells Mediated by Endosomal Low pH

Herpesviral pathogenesis stems from infection of multiple cell types including the site of latency and cells that support lytic replication. Herpesviruses utilize distinct cellular pathways, including low pH endocytic pathways, to enter different pathophysiologically relevant target cells. This review details the impact of the mildly acidic milieu of endosomes on the entry of herpesviruses, with particular emphasis on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). Epithelial cells, the portal of primary HSV-1 infection, support entry via low pH endocytosis mechanisms. Mildly acidic pH triggers reversible conformational changes in the HSV-1 class III fusion protein glycoprotein B (gB). In vitro treatment of herpes simplex virions with a similar pH range inactivates infectivity, likely by prematurely activating the viral entry machinery in the absence of a target membrane. How a given herpesvirus mediates both low pH and pH-independent entry events is a key unresolved question.
Establishing the Firm Commumnist Ideal and Belief

In this paper,the author expounds that the Communist Party members should study harder and establish a firm communist ideal and belief. First,communism is in conformity with the objective law of the development of history,represents the interests of the majority of the people and is the most advanced society in human history. Second,the Communist Party aims to serve the people wholeheartedly and holds an essential political belief in socialism and communism.
Fas ligation induces apoptosis and Jun kinase activation independently of CD45 and Lck in human T cells

Stimulation through the Fas/APO-1 receptor results in apoptosis through an incompletely characterized signaling pathway. More is known regarding signal transduction events that occur after ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR). It has been shown that TCR stimulation requires both the membrane tyrosine phosphatase, CD45, and the Src-family kinase, Lck, to result in cellular activation. Although prior studies suggest a role for protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases in Fas signaling, we report here that Fas ligation induces apoptosis in T cells deficient in either CD45 or Lck. Further, in normal and CD45- or Lck-deficient cell lines, Fas stimulation results in activation of Jun kinase (JNK), a proposed mediator of stress activation pathways. Previous studies have also demonstrated a role for endogenous ceramide release in Fas-mediated apoptosis. We show that stimulation with a synthetic ceramide analog results in JNK activation as well as apoptosis, suggesting ceramide release occurs proximal to JNK activation in Fas signaling. Our data suggest that although CD45 and Lck are not required for Fas signaling, JNK activation may play an important role transducing distal signals that lead to apoptosis after Fas ligation.
The Effects of Team-Based Learning on Students’ Attitudes and Students’ Performances in Introductory Sociology Classes

Relevant in many academic contexts, recent scholarship in sociology has challenged departments to improve the public face of the discipline through introductory classes. However, this scholarship has not addressed how departments can improve the discipline’s public face while maintaining student performance. It is one thing to create an engaging introductory class; it is another to create an engaging introductory class that ensures student learning. One way to possibly achieve the latter is to implement innovative instructional methods that promote active learning. As documented in various fields, one such method is Team-Based Learning (TBL), an active-learning strategy that uses student groups to teach concepts and their applications. Literature has highlighted the success of TBL on students’ perceptions of classes, but reported ambiguous results concerning improved students’ performances. In this article we deviate from previous research, by examining the effect of TBL on students’ attitudes toward sociology (e.g. the public face of the discipline) as well as students’ performances. Results indicate that, as opposed to lecture-based classes, students in TBL classes have much more positive attitudes toward the discipline, while demonstrating equivalent performances. Consequently, we argue that, as long as students’ performances are maintained, academic departments should put time and effort into converting introductory courses into environments of active learning in order to improve the discipline’s public face.
Perfeccionismo, autopresentación perfeccionista, y síntomas depresivos en adolescentes Paraguayos según género y grado

Este estudio comparo dimensiones negativas del perfeccionismo, autopresentacion perfeccionista, y sintomas depresivos segun genero y grado en adolescentes de habilidad intelectual por encima de la media de una escuela privada de Asuncion, Paraguay. Instrumentos fueron el Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS), Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale (PSPS-V), y el Inventario de Depresion de Beck-II (BDI-II). Un analisis de varianza multivariado hallo diferencias significativas segun genero, pero no segun grado ni en la interaccion genero X grado. Pruebas t post-hoc indicaron que las mujeres demostraron mas sintomas depresivos, sin diferencias en perfeccionismo ni autopresentacion perfeccionista. This study compared negative dimensions of perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and depressive symptoms by gender and grade in adolescents of above average intellectual ability in a private school in Asuncion, Paraguay. Instruments included the Child and Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS), the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale (PSPS-V), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). A multivariate analysis of variance found significant differences by gender but neither by grade nor a gender X grade interaction. Post hoc t tests found that females showed more depressive symptoms, yet no differences emerged in perfectionism or perfectionistic self-presentation.
Epithelial Cell Structure and Polarity

Few cell types more elegantly embody the dictum that “form follows function” than do those of polarized epithelia. It is the unique architecture of renal epithelial cells that permits them to mediate vectorial transport. This transport, in turn, essentially determines the body’s fluid and electrolyte composition. This chapter reviews the structures of renal epithelial cells and explores the mechanisms through which these structures are generated and maintained.
Scaling Relationships and Physics for Mixed Heating Convection in Planetary Interiors: Isoviscous Spherical Shells

We use a suite of 3-D numerical experiments to test and expand 2-D planar isoviscous scaling relationships of Moore (2008) for mixed heating convection in spherical geometry mantles over a range of Rayleigh numbers (Ra). The internal temperature scaling of Moore (2008), when modified to account for spherical geometry, matches our experimental results to a high degree of fit. The heat flux through the boundary layers scale as a linear combination of internal (Q) and basal heating, and the modified theory predictions match our experimental results. Our results indicate that boundary layer thickness and surface heat flux are not controlled by a local boundary layer stability condition (in agreement with the results of Moore (2008)) and are instead strongly influenced by boundary layer interactions. Subadiabatic mantle temperature gradients, in spherical 3-D, are well described by a vertical velocity scaling based on discrete drips as opposed to a scaling based on coherent sinking sheets, which was found to describe 2-D planar results. Root-mean-square (RMS) velocities are asymptotic for both low Q and high Q, with a region of rapid adjustment between asymptotes for moderate Q. RMS velocities are highest in the low Q asymptote and decrease as internal heating is applied. The scaling laws derived by Moore (2008), and extended here, are robust and highlight the importance of differing boundary layer processes acting over variable Q and moderate Ra.
From occupancy to occupant behavior: An analytical survey of data acquisition technologies, modeling methodologies and simulation coupling mechanisms for building energy efficiency

Abstract Energy consumption and indoor environment of buildings are proved to be largely influenced by the presence and behaviors of occupants. The uncertainty caused by occupant behaviors accounts for a significant discrepancy between the predicted and actual energy usage. In a real world, building system operations and control will be directly affected by occupant behavior, which may lead to over thirty percent waste against building's designed performance. Therefore, the capability to seamlessly integrate occupant behavior in energy simulation tools and building management systems in the future is clearly important to optimize building energy use while maintaining the same level of services. However, research has not reached the phase that occupant behaviors could be effectively modeled. Thus, the traditional schedule based approach is not adequate to satisfy the needs of building efficiency. In this paper, a thorough survey of occupant behavior modeling and simulation state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies for building energy efficiency is conducted. The paper first identifies and discusses the significance and application scale of building occupant behavior model. Based on the information collected, some recent data acquisition technologies for behavior-related research and occupant behavior modeling approaches are summarized. The advantages and limitations of these modeling methods are compared and analyzed, as well as appropriate recommendations are made for the future research. The paper finally outlines the findings and potential development areas in the field of occupant behavior modeling for energy efficient buildings.
Treatment Patterns in Asthma- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome.

Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) is a complex disease entity with limited guidance surrounding medication therapy. Objective: To evaluate a patient population with possible ACOS and their medication regimen based on the Global Initiative for Asthma and Global Initiative for COPD joint statement for ACOS. Methods: This was a retrospective study based at a large clinical practice within a school of medicine. The sample included adults 40 to 85 years old who had an active concurrent diagnosis of asthma and COPD. Patients were considered to have likely inconsistent therapy (only preventive, no rescue medication), inconsistent therapy (neither preventive nor rescue medication), and likely consistent therapy (both preventive and rescue medication or rescue medication alone). Results: A total of 513 patients were included the study. The majority of the sample were female (75%) and white (87.1%), with an average age of 61 years. About 7% of patients had l...
Conformational Preference of Serogroup B Salmonella O Polysaccharide in Presence and Absence of the Monoclonal Antibody Se155-4.

Salmonella infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Antibodies directed toward the O polysaccharide (OPS) of S. Typhimurium, a serogroup B nontyphoidal Salmonella serovar, have protected against fatal infection in animal models. The OPS is known to undergo O-acetylation, though the impact of these modifications on antibody binding is poorly understood. Using molecular simulations, we assessed the conformational properties and antigen–antibody interactions of deacetylated and O-acetylated S. Typhimurium OPS when bound by monoclonal anti-OPS IgG Se155–4. Our findings indicate that (i) the α-d-abequose (8) monosaccharide makes important interactions with Se155–4, (ii) the deacetylated form binds to the antibody in two conformations, (iii) the acetyl group at α-l-rhamnose (5) traps the acetylated O-antigenic saccharide in one of those two conformations when bound to the antibody; (iv) the dominant conformation sampled by both unbound saccharides only occurs in the deacetylated-antibody complex; a...
Regulation of Steroidogenic and Related P450s

One broad classification of P450s is as two groups, one containing forms that metabolize endogenous substrates and the other, forms that metabolize exogenous substrates (xenobiotics). Those forms that metabolize endogenous substrates generally convert less active compounds into more active ones. This is particularly true of the P450s that participate in steroid hormone biosynthesis, where the less active steroid cholesterol is converted into more active mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, progestins, and sex hormones. Interestingly, hepatic P450s of the xenobiotic-metabolizing class may play important roles in inactivating these steroid hormones. In the case of vitamin D we also find that distinct P450s play roles in producing the most active forms of this hormone and other P450s are important in their inactivation. This chapter will summarize our understanding of the function and regulation of P450 systems involved in production of active steroids and related compounds.
Securities Crowdfunding: More than Family, Friends, and Fools?

The US securities crowdfunding market opened on May 16th, 2016. I provide the first description of the companies and investors participating in this market using data on the full universe of Regulation Crowdfunding issues. I then demonstrate that investment in an issue is closely tied to economic fundamentals after the first week. This result is consistent with unsophisticated investors arriving in the first week and investing indiscriminately and relatively more sophisticated investors arriving thereafter. Based on this evidence, I conclude that the market provides a promising new way for high quality early stage companies to seek financing.
An effective methodology for robust design of monolithic voltage regulators

A procedure for the design of fully integrated voltage regulators is proposed in this paper, for applications requiring high levels of reliability and robustness. A sensitivity analysis is presented, showing how variations in the values of the components, used for the compensation, affect the loop transfer function. To mitigate the effect of process variations and uncertainty in the inductances and capacitances of the output filter, a smart programmable compensation scheme is proposed. The described technique has been verified through transistor level simulations, considering a multiphase buck converter, operated at 1.2-MHz switching frequency, supplied by a 5-V input and generating a 1-V regulated output. The regulator has been designed in a 0.25-μm CMOS technology and occupies a layout area of 0.36-mm2. Without loss of generality, the proposed methodology can be extended to other types of dc-dc switching regulators, single-phase or multi-phase in voltage mode.
Creating and parameterizing patient-specific deep brain stimulation pathway-activation models using the hyperdirect pathway as an example

Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established clinical therapy and computational models have played an important role in advancing the technology. Patient-specific DBS models are now common tools in both academic and industrial research, as well as clinical software systems. However, the exact methodology for creating patient-specific DBS models can vary substantially and important technical details are often missing from published reports. Objective Provide a detailed description of the assembly workflow and parameterization of a patient-specific DBS pathway-activation model (PAM) and predict the response of the hyperdirect pathway to clinical stimulation. Methods Integration of multiple software tools (e.g. COMSOL, MATLAB, FSL, NEURON, Python) enables the creation and visualization of a DBS PAM. An example DBS PAM was developed using 7T magnetic resonance imaging data from a single unilaterally implanted patient with Parkinson’s disease (PD). This detailed description implements our best computational practices and most elaborate parameterization steps, as defined from over a decade of technical evolution. Results Pathway recruitment curves and strength-duration relationships highlight the non-linear response of axons to changes in the DBS parameter settings. Conclusion Parameterization of patient-specific DBS models can be highly detailed and constrained, thereby providing confidence in the simulation predictions, but at the expense of time demanding technical implementation steps. DBS PAMs represent new tools for investigating possible correlations between brain pathway activation patterns and clinical symptom modulation.
Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in the Management of Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis

Historically, patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to colorectal cancer have a poor overall prognosis. Recent data support the use of cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS + HIPEC) to specifically address the peritoneal disease. Retrospective studies on CRS + HIPEC have been promising, showing significant improvements in OS compared with systemic chemotherapy alone. However, CRS + HIPEC carries morbidity similar to other advance oncology procedures such as liver resection and pancreatoduonectomy. It is hoped that ongoing clinical trials will clarify its role in the treatment of patients with peritoneal metastatic colorectal cancer.
The growing challenge of dementia and its impact on patients, their caregivers, and providers.

The October 2017 issue of Annals of Palliative Medicine ( APM ) features the second straight focused issue, this one dedicated to describing the current state of palliative care for dementia in Europe and North America for patients with advanced dementia. The focused issue is guest edited by Dr. Ladislav Volicer, a Professor in the School of Aging Studies at the University of South Florida, who also has faculty appointments at Charles University in Prague and the University of Western Sydney in Sydney.
Traditional Time-Series Models

Marketing and performance data often include measures repeated (typically at equally spaced intervals) over time. In Chap. 2 of Vol. I, we captured market dynamics with lagged effects for predictor variables and distributed lags on the criterion variable, y. In this chapter, we refine and extend this treatment of market dynamics by means of time-series models. Time-series models are uniquely suited to capture the time dependence of both a criterion variable (e.g. sales performance) and predictor variables (e.g. marketing actions, online consumer behavior metrics), how they relate to each other over time.
Equipping couples with the tools to cope with predictable and unpredictable crisis events: the PREP Program.

The current article focuses on the application of crisis intervention principles to primary prevention programs for marital distress. The Prevention and Relationship Enhancement Program (PREP) is a universal, empirically-supported preventative intervention program that teaches couples skills that decrease relationship risk factors and increase protective factors. These skills, mainly conflict resolution and communication skills, serve to protect relationships from the negative impact of both normative transitional crises (e.g., marriage) and other non-predictive crises. PREP emphasizes the development and maintenance of intimacy, commitment, and friendship in the relationship, which not only protects couples from the negative ramifications of crisis events, but may also decrease the chance of such crises happening in the first place. Research has shown that PREP significantly decreases multiple indicators of marital distress as much as four years after participation in the program in both clinical and community settings. PREP has also been shown to increase marital satisfaction.
Crack Fundamental Element (CFE) for Multi-scale Crack Classification

With the advance of sensor and information technology, high-resolution 2D image and 3D range data are available to support crack classification. However, crack classification still remains a challenge because state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) engineers often use multi-scale crack characteristics (e.g. crack width/length, intersection, pattern, etc) to classify the crack types, and these characteristics are not fully modelled for a reliable crack classification. Based on the new 3D range data, this paper proposes a Crack Fundamental Element (CFE) to characterize cracks at different scales. After an analysis of the fundamental and multi-scale crack characteristics, CFE is proposed for the fundamental line segment approximation of the crack characteristics on multi-scale grid cell analysis, and it is characterized by its density, relative area, bounding box, length, width, center, and orientation. Based on the low-level CFEs, a topological crack graphical representation is, for the first time, built by extending the CFEs into significant crack curves, intersecting crack curves, and approximating polygons of closed crack pieces/spalls at multiple scales. The crack can then be classified using the characteristics of CFEs and their density measures on multi-scale levels. An experimental test using actual 3D data taken in Savannah, Georgia, demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed CFE for multi-scale crack classification. Future research is also discussed.
Triplet Energy Transfer Governs the Dissociation of the Correlated Triplet Pair in Exothermic Singlet Fission.

Singlet fission is a spin-allowed process of exciton multiplication that has the potential to enhance the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. The majority of studies to date have emphasized understanding the first step of singlet fission, where the correlated triplet pair is produced. Here, we examine separation of correlated triplet pairs. We conducted temperature-dependent transient absorption on 6,3-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS-Pn) films, where singlet fission is exothermic. We evaluated time constants to show that their temperature dependence is inconsistent with an exclusively thermally activated process. Instead, we found that the trends can be modeled by a triplet–triplet energy transfer. The fitted reorganization energy and electronic coupling agree closely with values calculated using density matrix renormalization group quantum-chemical theory. We conclude that dissociation of the correlated triplet pair to separated (but spin-entangled) triplet excitons in TIPS-Pn occurs by trip...
The Future of Post-Silicon Debug

Increasing design complexity coupled with limited post-silicon observability creates a critical need for developing efficient post-silicon validation methods. This book presented a wide variety of state-of-the-art debug infrastructures as well as post-silicon validation techniques to drastically reduce the overall post-silicon debug effort. This chapter concludes the book with a summary of ideas presented in the previous chapters and outlines the road map of future post-silicon debug challenges and opportunities.