cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Seismomagnetic effect generated by the October, 1989, ML, 7.1 Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake

A differentially connected array of proton magnetometers operated within the epicentral region of the October 18, 1989, ML 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake for 12 years from 1974 to 1986. The closest magnetometer station was located 7.3 km from the epicenter of the earthquake and within 3 km of the site where anomalous ULF magnetic noise measurements were observed. Following the earthquake, the magnetometers were reinstalled with sensors replaced in the original undisturbed sensor holders. Comparison of pre-1986 total intensity magnetic field data with data obtained during the months following the earthquake indicate local offsets of about 1 nT may have been generated at stations nearest the epicenter. Tests on other continuous differenced data from 1983 to present indicate that offsets determined could be biased by as much as 0.7 nT. The offsets can be approximately fit with a simple seismomagnetic model of the earthquake for which 1.9 m of right lateral and 1.3 m of dip slip (southwest side up) occurred on a fault patch between 6 km and 18 km deep and 45 km long. The total rock magnetization is assumed to be 1.5 A/m. Since the offset has persisted following the earthquake, an alternate explanation in terms of electokinetic effects is unlikely even though transient ground water flow occurred following the earthquake. Comparison of pre-1986 and similar post-seismic total magnetic field noise does not indicate any change caused by aliasing of ULF (0.01 Hz-10 Hz) magnetic noise in the vicinity of the Loma Prieta earthquake.
Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in hepatic encephalopathy

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials were obtained from 30 patients primarily with viral hepatitis to determine the functional status of the brainstem in hepatic encephalopathy. The patients were divided into four groups: Group 1 with compensated hepatic diseases; Group 2 with hepatic failure but no hepatic encephalopathy; Group 3 with Grade 1 or 2 hepatic encephalopathy, and Group 4 with Grade 3 or 4 hepatic encephalopathy. The brainstem auditory evoked potential central conduction times (I-V interval) of four patient groups were not significantly different from that of the age-matched control group. The present data suggest that the brainstem auditory pathways remain undisturbed in hepatic encephalopathy.
Lipoprotein lipase and triglyceride in skeletal and cardiac muscles of rats fed lard or glucose

Abstract Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activities and triglyceride (TG) concentrations were measured in skeletal and cardiac muscles of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were fed isocalorically (67% of Kcals) glucose or lard diets for 13–14 days. LPL activities in the psoas (P), gastrocnemius (G), anterior tibialis (AT), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and biceps brachii (BB) were 5, 4, 6, 6, and 7-fold higher, respectively, in rats fed lard than in those fed the glucose diet. There was no difference between male and female rats in the response of muscle LPL activity to diet. Compared to the glucose diet, triglyceride concentrations in P, AT, BB, and EDL were about 2-fold greater in both male and female rats fed lard. LPL activities in heart (H) and soleus (S) and triglyceride concentratiosn in H, S, and G were similar in both diet groups. These results suggest that skeletal muscles of rats represent important sites for triglyceride uptake and storage and that male and female rats do not differ in the response of their muscle LPL activity to dietary triglyceride.
Clinical phenotypes associated with circulating tumor cell enumeration in metastatic castration–resistant prostate cancer

Abstract Background The presence of ≥5 circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is prognostic for shorter survival in men with metastatic castration–resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, some men have low CTCs despite widespread disease, suggesting heterogeneity in CTC phenotype or detection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CTC enumeration with clinical disease characteristics and overall survival in men with mCRPC at our institution. Design CTCs were enumerated using the CellSearch method in a prospective correlative study in men with mCRPC starting a new systemic therapy. The primary objective was to determine the clinical phenotype of the subset of men with mCRPC who have a poor prognosis and low CTCs. Secondary end points included associations of CTCs with survival and known prognostic biomarkers, before therapy and at progression. Results At baseline, median CTC count was 16 cells and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 178 ng/ml. At progression, median CTC count was 42, PSA level was 245 ng/ml, levels of lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase rose, and level of hemoglobin dropped. The median overall survival for this heavily pretreated population was 11.2 months, and the multivariable hazard ratio for death of men with CTCs Conclusion CTC enumeration appears to be prognostic in men with mCRPC and describes a phenotype of hematogenous dissemination that cannot be predicted based on standard clinical and laboratory assessments.
The Roles of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1RA in Obesity and Insulin Resistance in African-Americans

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-6, IL-10, measures of obesity, and insulin resistance in African-Americans. Research Design and Methods: Nondiabetic participants (n = 1025) of the Howard University Family Study were investigated for associations between serum IL (IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-10), measures of obesity, and insulin resistance, with adjustment for age and sex. Measures of obesity included body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and percent fat mass. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were analyzed with R statistical software using linear regression and likelihood ratio tests. Results: IL-1RA and IL-6 were associated with measures of obesity and insulin resistance, explaining 4–12.7% of the variance observed (P values < 0.001). IL-1RA was bimodally distributed and therefore was analyzed based on grouping those with ...
Improvement by picoTesla range magnetic fields of perceptual-motor performance and visual memory in a patient with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

The Occurrence of cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been recognized since 1877 when Charcot first observed “enfeeblement of memory.” It is now recognized that visuoperceptive and visuomotor deficits commonly occur in MS patients particularly in those with a chronic progressive course of the disease. Using various drawing tests as markers of constructional performance, we reported recently that treatment with pico Tesla range magnetic fields (MF) rapidly improved visuoperceptive and constructional abilities in patients with MS. We now report a 58 year old man with a 37 year history of chronic progressive MS in whom external application of MF in the pico Tesla range produced rapid improvement of neurologic symptoms including walking, balance, sensory symptoms, and bladder functions. The patient's recovery was associated with a significant improvement in perceptual-motor functions as demonstrated on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure and the Trail Making tests. Specifically, the patient demons...
Traveling front approximations for infiltration into stratified soils

Abstract Two approximations are developed for infiltration into a stratified soil profile. Both satisfy the initial conditions, give the correct water content at a given depth for large time, obey mass conservation and give the correct rate of advance for large time. The first is referred to as the ‘square front’ solution and is analogous to Green-Ampt theory in that the profile is either wet or dry without a transition zone. The second solution is based on a homogeneous analog for which Philip's solution for a profile at large time is invoked. Examples are given for surface boundary conditions both as a specified head and as a flux density.
The Maternity Center at El Paso

: The Maternity Center at El Paso, Texas, opened its doors in August, 1976, with three clients. By December, 1978, 560 women had begun labor under the care of midwives associated with the center. Five hundred and eighteen gave birth at home or in the center and the remainder delivered in an El Paso or Juarez hospital. A description of the services of The Maternity Center is provided, as well as pregnancy outcome statistics from the first 29 months of operation.
Metallothionein rescues hypoxia-inducible factor-1 transcriptional activity in cardiomyocytes under diabetic conditions

Metallothionein (MT) is effective in the prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is known to control vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression and regulate angiogenesis in diabetic hearts. We examined whether or not MT affects HIF-1 activity in the heart of diabetic mice and in the cardiac cells cultured in high glucose (HG) media. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in a cardiac-specific MT overexpressing transgenic mouse model. The primary cultures of neonatal cardiomyocytes and the embryonic rat cardiac H9c2 cell line were cultured in HG media. HIF-1 and VEGF were determined by immunofluorescent staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The H9c2 cells were transfected with a hypoxia-responsive element-dependent reporter plasmid and the HIF-1 transcriptional activity was measured by luciferase reporter assay. MT overexpression increased HIF-1alpha in diabetic hearts. HG suppressed CoCl(2)-induced VEGF expression in primary cultures of neonatal cardiomyocytes and MT overexpression suppressed the inhibition. The addition of MT into the cultures of H9c2 cells relieved the HG suppression of hypoxia-induced luciferase activity. This study indicates that MT can rescue HIF-1 transcriptional activity in cardiomyocytes under diabetic conditions.
Early nucleosome deposition on, and replication of, HSV DNA requires cell factor PCNA

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a double-stranded DNA virus that can cause lytic infections in epithelial cells of the skin and latent infections in neuronal cells of the peripheral nervous system. After virion attachment to the cell membrane, the capsid enters the cytoplasm and is transported to the nucleus. Following docking at the nuclear pore, the HSV DNA, and contents of the virion, are injected into the nucleus. The viral DNA that enters the nucleus is devoid of histones, but begins to be covered with them soon after entry. The covering of histones, in the form of nucleosomes, reaches a maximum during the early stages of infection and drops off during late infection (after DNA replication). However, during latency, the genome is saturated with nucleosomes. In this study, we examine the role of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a cellular DNA polymerase accessory protein (processivity factor), and cell DNA polymerases in histone deposition during the early stages of HSV infection. Using SiRNA knockdown, and a cytosine arabinoside (araC) chemical inhibitor, we conclude that PCNA is important for viral replication and histone deposition. However, cell DNA polymerases that bind PCNA do not appear to be required for these processes and PCNA does not appear to bind to the viral DNA polymerase (which has its own viral processivity factor).
Insectivory and social digestion in Drosophila.

It has long been believed thatDrosophila larvae feed almost entirely by ingesting yeast and possibly other microorganisms that are associated with fermenting fruits or other vegetable matter. However, we have discovered that the larvae of a number ofDrosophila species can consume such diverse substrates as insect tissues, including the exoskeleton. Experiments reported here, which include raising sterile dechorionated eggs to adulthood on adult carcasses under axenic conditions, show that larvae can consume complex chitinous substrates directly without the assistance of microorganisms. We show thatDrosophila larvae are able externally to digest amylose, cellulose, and chitin, without coming into physical contact with them. We conclude that not only doDrosophila larvae produce enzymes enabling them to digest a wide variety of substrates, but also these enzymes are egested onto the substrates so that at least some digestion, especially of large polymers, takes place externally. Finally, we suggest that the phenomenon of external digestion explains both the previously unexplained massiveness ofDrosophila salivary glands and their chromosomes and the tendency of larvae to cluster, which may also be true of other dipterans.
Variations in abilities of animal fibrinogens to clump staphylococci

Abstract The property of many strains of staphylococci to clump in the presence of human fibrinogen or its derivatives of large molecular weight has been used as a sensitive test for the latter. The clumping appears to be due to a polypeptide bound to the surface of the bacteria and to differ from staphylocoagulase which is excreted into the media. Plasma from the following mammals clotted on addition of bovine thrombin, had a fibrinogen concentration comparable to that of human plasma and, in dilutions similar to those of human plasma, clumped the standard staphylococcal suspensions: echidna, wallaby, hedgehog, monkey, armadillo, rabbit, mouse, rat, porpoise, dog, cat, fox, raccoon, mink, seal, manatee, horse, pig, guanaco and cow. Plasmas from the following mammals contained clottable fibrinogen but did not clump staphylococci: opossum, guinea pig, elephant, sheep and goat. No inhibitor to the reaction could be found in these plasmas. Addition of afibrinogenemic human plasma did not cause these mammalian plasmas to clump the staphylococci. Among the pre-mammalian plasmas, those from goose and turtle were active and those from lamprey, elasmobranchs and fish were inactive.
Tissue reactions to a new restorative material

lissue reactions to dental and other materials have concerned investigators for many years. Numerous researchers, including us, have employed various methods to establish the acceptability of dental restorative materials.lW8 Prior to clinical testing, investigators usually determine the reaction of connective tissue to the materials. Occasionally a pulp response study is completed on animals before testing on human subjects is begun. Should these tests prove favorable, the experimental material is ready for evaluation on people. This report describes the bioassay of an experimental material (Part I) and its sequelae (Part II). The investigation was concerned only with biologic considerations; the physiochemical properties were reported elsewhere.g
Silver (I)-mediated separations by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis : Nonaqueous argentation electrophoresis

This study represents the first application of Ag(I) charge transfer complexation in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis. This method applies the principles of argentation chromatography to nonaqueous electrophoretic separations and is termed “nonaqueous argentation electrophoresis”. Since the separations are performed in 100% nonaqueous media, the advantages of nonaqueous solvents, such as enhanced solubility and flexibility in selectivity enhancement, compared to an aqueous or mixed hydroorganic solvent, are realized. A variety of compounds were separated. Qualitatively, the separation of eleven sulfonamides in 100% acetonitrile is shown to improve greatly upon the addition of Ag(I). These results also show that nonaqueous argentation electrophoresis provides fast, well-resolved separations of compounds, such as N-containing heterocyclics, that can selectively complex with Ag(I). Migration data and separation selectivities of these compounds by nonaqueous argentation electrophoresis were compared to previous aqueous argentation electrophoresis results. Selectivities were found to be significantly different for the two separation media. Ag(I) complexation provides an effective means of manipulating selectivity in nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis.
Cerebral cortical oxygenation: a pilot study.

Background: Cerebral hypoxia (cerebral cortical oxygenation [Pbro 2 ] 5 cm H 2 O (p 20 mm Hg, CPP ≤ 65 mm Hg, or Paco 2 ≤ 35 mm Hg. Conclusion: Cerebral oxymetry is confirmed safe in the patient with multiple injuries with TBI. Occult cerebral hypoxia is present in the traumatic brain injured patient despite normal traditional measurements of cerebral perfusion. Further research is necessary to determine whether management protocols aimed at the prevention of cerebral cortical hypoxia will affect outcome.
PLACEMENT OF DOUBLE-LUMEN ENDOBRONCHIAL TUBES Correlation Between Clinical Impressions and Bronchoscopic Findings

Double-lumen endobronchial tubes were placed "blindly" in 23 patients undergoing thoracotomy. Clinical criteria suggested satisfactory positioning in all cases; however, subsequent fibreoptic bronchoscopy revealed malposition in 48%. Bronchoscopic findings included the inability to view the bronchial cuff. narrowing of the bronchial lumen of the tube at the level of the cuff and herniation of the cuff over the carina. The potential hazards associated with these findings are discussed.
Least-error localization of discrete acoustic sources

We describe a new, least-error method for locating a discrete acoustic source (which generates a radially symmetric, outgoing wave) based on time-of-arrival data. This method localizes the source by minimizing the sum of the absolute values of the differences between the squares of the theoretical and actual times of arrival. The method is suited to noisy data, and whenever the errors in the data are unbiased, the more times of arrival used, the greater the expected accuracy of localization. The method is simplest for two dimensional data, requiring only elementary algebra. By means of simulations, we demonstrate the amelioration of localization with the number of times of arrival employed: the average inaccuracy falls asymptotically as the reciprocal of the square root of this number. The new method also yielded more accurate localization, on the average, than a least-square method. We make direct comparison with time-difference-of-arrival localizations, both for simulated data and for experimental data collected at a shooting range, demonstrating the favorability of the new method. We also demonstrate its facilitation of the localization of multiple, cotemporary sources: via partitioning of the data. Our method is suited to sensor networks with computationally empowered nodes.
Genome diversity of the TetR family of transcriptional regulators in a metal-reducing bacterial family Geobacteraceae and other microbial species.

Abstract Members of the TetR family of bacterial transcriptional regulators affect expression of genes whose products are involved in a variety of important functions, including osmotic stress, catabolic pathways, homeostasis, biosynthesis of antibiotics, expression of efflux pumps, multidrug resistance, and virulence of pathogenic bacteria. We used genome sequence information to carry out phylogenetic classification of 864 TetR family members with a special focus on TetR regulators in Geobacteraceae, an environmentally important family of delta-Proteobacteria. The genome of Geobacter sulfurreducens, a model representative of Geobacteraceae, contains nine genes from the tetR family. Several of these genes are located immediately upstream of operons encoding functionally important c-type cytochromes. Computational analyses identified the presence of conserved promoters and other regulatory binding sites upstream of several G. sulfurreducens tetR genes. This suggests the possibility of an intermediary role ...
THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE APPLICATIONS ON THE DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS AND AVAILABLE PHOSPHATE IN AN ACID SOIL

Summary The apparent bulk phosphate self-diffusion coefficient, resin extractable and isotopically exchangeable phosphate were measured on an acid Cecil sandy loam soil pre-treated with calcium carbonate and monocalcium phosphate. Apparent diffusion coefficients increased four-fold with a five-fold increase in phosphate addition, but were not increased by liming. Resin extractable phosphate was greater than isotopically exchangeable after large phosphate additions. Calculated porous self-diffusion coefficients did not change as a result of phosphate additions. The contribution of solid-phase phosphate to diffusion was small and close to the limits of measurement.
Tissue-specific Expression of the Na,K-ATPase β3 Subunit THE PRESENCE OF β3 IN LUNG AND LIVER ADDRESSES THE PROBLEM OF THE MISSING SUBUNIT

The Na,K-ATPase belongs to a family of P-type ion-translocating ATPases sharing homologous catalytic subunits (α) that traverse the membrane several times and contain the binding sites for ATP and cations. In this family, only Na,K- and H,K-ATPases have been shown to have a second subunit, a single-span glycoprotein called β. Recently a new isoform (β3) has been identified in mammals. Here we describe structural features and tissue distribution of the β3 protein, utilizing an antiserum specific for its N terminus. β3 was the only β detected in Na,K-ATPase purified from C6 glioma. Treatment with N-glycosidase F confirmed that β3 is a glycoprotein containing N-linked carbohydrate chains. Molecular masses of the glycosylated protein and core protein were estimated to be 42 and 35 kDa, respectively, which are different from those of the β1 and β2 subunits. Detection of β subunits has historically been difficult in certain tissues. Sensitivity was improved by deglycosylating, and expression was evaluated by obtaining estimates of β3/α ratio. The proportion of β3 protein in the rat was highest in lung and testis. It was also present in liver and skeletal muscle, whereas kidney, heart, and brain contained it only as a minor component of the Na,K-ATPase. In P7 rat, we found skeletal muscle and lung Na,K-ATPase to be the most enriched in β3 subunit, whereas expression in liver was very low, illustrating developmentally regulated changes in expression. The substantial expression in lung and adult liver very likely explains long-standing puzzles about an apparent paucity of β subunit in membranes or in discrete cellular or subcellular structures.
Name that tone. The proliferation of alarms in the intensive care unit.

The proliferation of alarms on equipment in ICUs contributes to a level of noise that can disturb both patient and staff. To determine whether these alarms are indentifiable by sound alone to our ICU staff, we recorded 33 audio signals commonly heard on the ward, 10 of which we defined as critical alarms. One hundred subjects (25 physicians, 41 nurses, and 34 respiratory therapists) listened individually in a quiet room to the tape recording that consisted of 10 s of audible followed by a 10-s pause for a written response. Only 50 percent of the critical alarms and only 40 percent of the noncritical sounds were correctly identified. By occupation, registered respiratory therapists scored highest, followed by nurses, nonregistered therapists, and physicians. Those with >1 year ICU work experience scored higher than those with less than 1 year. We conclude that the myriad of alarms that regularly occur in the ICU are too much for even experienced ICU staff to quickly discern. Patient and caregiver alike could benefit by a graded system in which only urgent problems have audible alarms, and these should be covered by regular in-service training.
PREDICTING CIRRHOSIS DEATH RATES IN HUNGARY AND THE USA

Marriage and birth rates predicted the rates of death from cirrhosis of the liver in the states of the U.S.A., but not in Hungarian counties.
Heavy metal accumulation in the sediments of a Washington lake

Freshwater and marine sediments are known to be potential sinks for heavy metals discharged into the atmosphere and into water through man's activities. Under natural conditions lake sediments may concentrate heavy metals to a certain extent over surrounding geological material.
When will ecologists learn engineering and engineers learn ecology

Abstract Six large-scale wetland restoration case studies are presented here, three of which relate to ecological engineering of coastlines, and three of which relate to large-scale watershed improvements that in turn lead to improvement of downstream aquatic ecosystems. All of these case studies suggest that there is much more to restoration than returning a system to what it was before, particularly given the drastic changes to the physical and chemical environment.
Mobility studies on vacuum deposited PbTe thin films

Abstract Transport phenomena in evaporated semiconductor thin films can be studied be extending the ideas of transport phenomenon in bulk crystalline material to include surface scattering and grain boundary scattering. The effect of thickness on charge carrier mobility can be explained by a diffuse surface scattering model; and the effect of grain boundaries can be explained using Petriz model for a potential barrier at the grain boundaries. The surface scattering effects are verified experimentally by measuring Hall mobility for various thicknesses of PbTe evaporated thin films. The mean scattering length, λ, was found to be 700 A. The effects of substrate temperature and annealing on evaporated PbTe thin films on glass substrates have been measured and indicate a barrier potential of magnitude 4.3 kT.
Right hemisphere's role in language, affective behavior and emotion

Since the fundamental discoveries of Broca and Wemicke that lesions in the left hemisphere cause language disorders (aphasias), vast numbers of studies have delineated the linguistic and related functions of the left hemisphere. This has led to the widely held opinion that the ‘dominant’ or ‘major’ hemisphere is the left while the right is relegated to a ‘minor’ or ‘non-dominant’ role. During the last decade neurological and neuropsychological evidence has been gathered which shows that this point of view is incorrect and that the true richness and complexity of human communication and behavior is only partially represented in the left hemisphere. This article summarizes the clinical evidence that the right hemisphere has a major role in the attitudinal and emotional aspects of language through its dominant modulation of the affective components of prosody and gestures.
Awareness of Initial Attitude and Prediction of Final Attitude: A Bystander Replication

Summary An experiment examined the effects of three variables on bystander Ss' predictions of involved Ss' attitude responses within the context of a forced-compliance dissonance study: (a) monetary incentive offered involved Ss (50¢ or $2.50); (b) whether involved Ss had been confronted with their pretest response (reinstatement) or not; (c) and whether the involved Ss' experiment had been conducted in two parts (separation-of-experiments) or in one (nonseparation). A significant triple interaction indicated that the separation variable was affecting the relationship between incentive and reinstatement. Bystander Ss predicted dissonance-like results for all combinations of separation and reinstatement variables, except under conditions of reinstatement-nonseparation.
Therapeutic effects of anti-spastic medication on neuromuscular abnormalities in SCI: A system identification approach

Previous attempts to investigate the effects of antispastic medications are limited to clinical studies using that use clinical evaluations to assess. Since these measures are neither objective nor quantitative, the therapeutic effects of such medications on neuromuscular properties have not been fully evaluated. In this study, as a first attempt, we examined the effect of tizanidine, an anti-spastic medication, on modification of the neuromuscular properties of patients with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Each patient was administered 2 mg of tizanidine four times per day for four weeks. The spastic ankle of each patient was evaluated at baseline (prior to any medication, and then 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the start of medication. The ankle was perturbed with a small-amplitude Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) perturbation at various positions over the ankle range-of-motion. A parallel-cascade system identification technique, which provides an objective and quantitative measure of neuromuscular properties, was used to calculate the intrinsic and reflex stiffness. The stiffness vs. joint angle trends were then calculated for each evaluation; these curves were compared across the intervention time to determine the recovery pattern (i.e. change over time) due to the tizanidine intervention. All patients exhibited decreases in reflex stiffness (which abnormally increase after SCI) due to the medication; however, patients were observed to exhibit multiple recovery patterns. For some patients, the reflex stiffness continuously reduced over the four-week intervention period, while for other patients, the decrease during the first week (i.e. between the baseline and 1-Week evaluations) was most pronounced. Also, some patients presented a significant decrease with time, while others presented no improvement in the intrinsic stiffness. These findings suggest that tizanidine may be effective in reducing not only reflex stiffness, but also the subject's intrinsic stiffness for certain patients. Future work remains to identify predictors which can objectively determine which patients are likely to exhibit maximal benefit from the tizanidine prior to being prescribed with the medication.
A Process for Developing Regional Business School—Business Community Relationships

ABSTRACT The relationship between a business school and the local business community can be a mutually beneficial relationship. For the regional business school, building relationships with business executives can be a timely and difficult challenge, which can be compounded by the presence and influence of larger private and state schools. The School of Business Administration at Oakland University (Rochester, MI), faced with these challenges, devised a simple straight-forward process that overcame these challenges and successfully involved 35 local business executives in a mutually beneficial relationship with the School in a very short time. This article describes the process, which can be used by any school or college.
Real-time mass-spectrometric study of the chemistry initiated by infrared-laser photolysis: CF2Cl2

Abstract The infrared-laser photolysis/mass-spectrometric (ILP/MS) technique was used to monitor directly in real time the free-radical and stable reactants and products present in the reactive system initiated by the multiphoton-induced dissociation of CF 2 Cl 2 . It was found that contrary to conclusions based on final-products analyses, the C 2 F 4 observed as a final product in this system is not formed solely through the recombination of: CF 2 radicals, but rather C 2 F 4 is produced in a complex series of secondary reactions.
Biochemical aspects of oögenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract The growth of ovaries of a wild type strain of Drosophila melanogaster has been studied from eclosion to 7 days later. Wet weight, protein, DNA, RNA, and carbohydrate have been determined at successive intervals. All experiments were performed on flies grown axenically on a killed yeast medium. The results indicate that wet weight increases rapidly from day 1 to day 4 and reaches a maximum at day 6. This increase is associated with the appearance of vitellogenic and post-vitellogenic stages of oogenesis. The increase in protein and RNA generally follows the wet weight curve and remains more or less constant after reaching a maximum at day 6. The DNA content reaches a maximum at day 3 and falls rapidly thereafter. The carbohydrate content increases slowly, reaching a maximum at day 7. The data are compared with available evidence from other strains and genotypes of D. melanogaster .
A note on the characterization of the Barlow and Wu continuum structure functions

A set of three conditions are developed which characterize generalized Barlow-Wu systems within the larger class of monotone continuum structure functions. This provides an alternative characterization to results of Block and Savits [Oper. Res. 32 (1984) 703-714] and Kim and Baxter [Oper. Res. Lett. 6 (1987) 297-300].
Kinetics of dithionite-dependent reduction of cytochrome P450 3A4: heterogeneity of the enzyme caused by its oligomerization.

To explore the basis of apparent conformational heterogeneity of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), the kinetics of dithionite-dependent reduction was studied in solution, in proteoliposomes, and in Nanodiscs. In CYP3A4 oligomers in solution the kinetics obeys a three-exponential equation with similar amplitudes of each of the phases. Addition of substrate (bromocriptine) displaces the phase distribution toward the slow phase at the expense of the fast one, while the middle phase remains unaffected. The fraction reduced in the fast phase, either with or without substrate, is represented by the low-spin heme protein only, while the slow-reducible fraction is enriched in the high-spin CYP3A4. Upon monomerization by 0.15% Emulgen-913, or by incorporation into Nanodiscs or into large proteoliposomes with a high lipid-to-protein (L/P) ratio (726:1 mol/mol), the kinetics observed in the absence of substrate becomes very rapid and virtually monoexponential. In Nanodiscs and in lipid-rich liposomes bromocriptine decre...
Changing Institutional Culture through Peer Mentoring of Women STEM Faculty.

Higher education institutions often use mentoring to socialize faculty members into their academic disciplines and to retain them. Mentoring can also be used to change organizational culture to meet the needs of historically marginalized faculty members. In this article we focus on peer mentoring circles for women STEM faculty at a large, midwestern research university. Participants reported diverse, context-dependent mentoring needs and expressed interest in communicating issues raised in the circles to administrative leaders. A workshop for circle participants and administrators led subsequently to college-wide teams that addressed problems identified in the circles. We conclude that peer mentoring as a means to facilitate institutional change has great potential.
Picturing Multiple Sclerosis: Conventional and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has provided an unparalleled window into understanding multiple sclerosis (MS). Through recognition of relatively specific characteristics of MS, MRI has become an integral part of patient initial evaluation and long-term management. MRI has now been integrated into the formal diagnostic criteria, whereby new lesions can fulfill either dissemination in space or dissemination in time criteria. Long-term MS therapies significantly reduce the development of new lesions as measured by MRI, and clinical trial methodology now routinely uses MRI as the primary outcome in Phase I/II MS trials. Despite the advantages provided by MRI, conventional imaging indicates only the presence of injury to the central nervous system, providing little information on either the severity of injury or its later recovery. Several advanced imaging methodologies such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provide a greater dynamic range for evaluating tissue integrity. DTI has provided useful insights into the pathogenesis of MS, both within lesions as well as within the white matter which appears normal on conventional imaging. Evidence from animal models suggests that DTI may differentiate axonal injury from demyelination and therefore may be useful in the evaluation of neuroprotective therapies.
Cortical under-sampling and crowding

Crowding is the term used to describe the negative effect of nearby patterns on the identifiability of patterns in peripheral vision. When the top line of letters is viewed peripherally, the middle letter is clear, but can be difficult to identify when closely surrounded. Crowding has been the focus of many recent studies and the subject of a recent special issue (Pelli, Cavanagh, Desimone, Tjan, and Treisman, 2007).
From Selfobjects to Mutual Recognition: Towards Optimal Responsiveness in Father and Daughter Relationships

This article examines the nature of the father and daughter relationship, studying its impact on both parties. The author first summarizes the relatively sparse psychoanalytic literature on this topic, and offers a detailed analysis of newer models of development that might broaden our understanding of desire and sexuality. It will be argued that, for the daughter, an optimal experience with her father includes the development of a capacity for an intimacy with otherness, and, in turn, permits the father a new opportunity, in midlife, to further develop this capacity in himself. A clinical vignette with a male patient portrayed an enactment in which the author experienced herself as a daughter, and used this experience in a way that facilitated an understanding of and integration of the patient's split-off self-states.
Aperiodic orbits of piecewise rational rotations of convex polygons with recursive tiling

We study piecewise rational rotations of convex polygons with a recursive tiling property. For these dynamical systems, the set Σ of discontinuity-avoiding aperiodic orbits decomposes into invariant subsets endowed with a hierarchical symbolic dynamics (Vershik map on a Bratteli diagram). Under conditions which guarantee a form of asymptotic temporal scaling, we prove minimality and unique ergodicity for each invariant component. We study the multi-fractal properties of the model with respect to recurrence times, deriving a method of successive approximations for the generalized dimensions α( q ). We consider explicit examples in which the trace of the rotation matrix is a quadratic or cubic irrational, and evaluate numerically, with high precision, the function α( q ) and its Legendre transform.
EFFECT OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON PRESERVATION OF MOTILITY,VIABILITY AND ACROSOMAL INTEGRITY OF EQUINE SPERMATOZOA DURING STORAGE AT 5°C

Abstract Preservation of liquid semen at 5°C is an important technique in the breeding management of horses. Oxidative damage to spermatozoa during storage is a potential cause of the decline in motility and fertility during hypothermic storage of liquid semen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of water-soluble and lipid-soluble antioxidants to improve the maintenance of motility of equine spermatozoa at 5°C during storage for 72 to 96 h. In Experiment 1, the effect of addition of catalase on the maintenance of motility, viability and acrosomal integrity was determined. Semen was collected, and these treatments were applied: catalase (0, 100 or 200 U/mL) in nonfat, dried skim milk extender (NFDSM; with or without seminal plasma) or 10% seminal plasma + NFDSM. Motility was determined by computerized semen analysis (CASA) at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Viability and acrosomal integrity were determined at 72 h of storage. There was no significant treatment effect on the maintenance of sperm motility during 72 h storage. In Experiment 2, the effect of adding lipid-soluble antioxidants on maintenance of motility was evaluated. Semen was diluted to a final concentration of 25 × 106 sperm/mL in NFDSM containing butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT; 2.0, 1.0, or 0.5 mM), Vitamin E (4.0, 2.0, 1.0 mM), or Tempo (2.0, 1.0, or 0.5 mM). Although the addition of BHT significantly reduced (P
Design, Fabrication and Integration of HIC Glass Waveguides on a Silicon Platform

We demonstrate Si-CMOS-compatible lift-off fabrication of chalcogenide glass waveguides monolithically integrated on a silicon platform. As a novel route of glass film patterning, lift-off allows several benefits: leverage with Si-CMOS process compatibility; ability to fabricate single-mode waveguides with core sizes down to submicron range; reduced sidewall roughness; and wide applicability to other non-silica glass compositions. High-index-contrast (HIC) single-mode strip waveguides have been fabricated with from several glass target compositions including Ge 23 Sb 7 S 70 , As 2 S 3 , As 36 Ge 6 S 58 , As 36 Sb 6 S 58 and TeO 2 . We measured Ge-Sb-S waveguides with low loss and excellent wafer-scale uniformity. We have experimentally demonstrated propagation loss reduction via graded-index (GRIN) cladding layers in HIC glass waveguides. These efforts have shown that scattering loss arising from sidewall roughness can be significantly reduced without compromising the high-index-contrast condition by inserting thin GRIN cladding layers with refractive indices intermediate between the core and topmost cover of a strip waveguide.
Condom Negotiation in Heterosexually Active Men and Women: Development and Validation of a Condom Influence Strategy Questionnaire

The ability to negotiate condom use with a partner is a skill that sexually active men and women must have in order to avoid sexually transmitted diseases including HIV. Despite this fact, there is no psychometrically valid instrument in the literature to measure condom influence strategies. This investigation reports on the development and initial validation of the condom influence strategy questionnaire (CISQ). Exploratory and confirmatory analyses revealed and confirmed six influence strategies used by heterosexually active men and women to negotiate condom use. These CISQ subscales accounted for variance in safer sexual variables including sexual assertiveness, self-efficacy, and partner communication. Further, those who endorsed CISQ subscales were more likely to have intentions to use condoms consistently and to use condoms. Gender differences in subscales favoring women as the ones most likely to use influence strategies also emerged. Implications of these results as well as future directions for r...
Maintenance considerations in CIM design: an expert system perspective

Abstract An unmanned manufacturing system (UMS) will typically be characterized by a large number of highly reliable components which are interconnected in a highly complex fashion. These characteristics suggest: (1) there will be a large number of ways in which a UMS can fail; (2) the mean time between repeat occurrences of a given type of problem will be quite large; and (3) the time and place where a failure creates an observable symptom may be quite different from the time and place where the failure occurred. This suggests that an UMS could be difficult to maintain. Maintenance personnel obviously need assistance for dealing with the complex cognitive problems which can arise in troubleshooting the UMS. This paper describes a procedure for developing an expert system to provide this assistance. Simulation is utilized to generate proxy data on how the system could be expected to behave when a given type of failure occurs. Transfer-function/intervention analysis is utilized to develop models which describes the system transient response to the various types of failures. Failure problems are diagnosed by comparing the shape of the actual transient response with the shapes of transient responses which correspond to the various types of failures.
Toolkit support for developing and deploying sensor-based statistical models of human situations

Sensor based statistical models promise to support a variety of advances in human computer interaction, but building applications that use them is currently difficult and potential advances go unexplored. We present Subtle, a toolkit that removes some of the obstacles to developing and deploying applications using sensor based statistical models of human situations. Subtle provides an appropriate and extensible sensing library, continuous learning of personalized models, fully automated high level feature generation, and support for using learned models in deployed applications. By removing obstacles to developing and deploying sensor based statistical models, Subtle makes it easier to explore the design space surrounding sensor based statistical models of human situations. Subtle thus helps to move the focus of human computer interaction research onto applications and datasets, instead of the difficulties of developing and deploying sensor based statistical models.
Infectivity of Hemophilus pertussis for the chick embryo.

ConclusionsThe chick embryo is highly susceptible to H. pertussis when infected via the yolk-sac. The results of inoculation via the allantoic cavity are much less satisfactory. The chick embryo would seem to promise considerable utility in the quantitative experimental evaluation of antibody preparations and chemotherapeutic compounds versus H. pertussis.
A Novel Operational Partition between Neural Network Classifiers on Vulnerability to Data Mining Bias

It is difficult if not impossible to appropriately and effectively select from among the vast pool of existing neural network machine learning predictive models for industrial incorporation or academic research exploration and enhancement. When all models outperform all the others under disparate circumstances, none of the models do. Selecting the ideal model becomes a matter of illsupported opinion ungrounded on the extant real world environment. This paper proposes a novel grouping of the model pool grounded along a non-stationary real world data line into two groups: Permanent Data Learning and Reversible Data Learning. This paper further proposes a novel approach towards qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrating their significant differences based on how they alternatively approach dynamic and raw real world data vs static and prescient data mining biased laboratory data. The results across 2040 separate simulation runs using 15,600 data points in realistically operationally controlled data environments show that the two-group division is effective and significant with clear qualitative, quantitative and theoretical support. Results across the empirical and theoretical spectrum are internally and externally consistent yet demonstrative of why and how this result is non-obvious.
Serum cytosolic β-glucosidase elevation and early ischemic injury to guinea pig small intestine

Abstract Background: The lack of an early, sensitive marker for intestinal ischemia has led to delay in diagnosis and worsened outcome for patients with acute onset of this condition. Our preliminary studies revealed that guinea pig cytosolic β-glucosidase (CBG) is expressed predominantly in the small intestine, with lower levels in the liver and pancreas and undetectable levels in other organs. Cytosolic β-glucosidase was investigated as a serum marker of small intestinal ischemia in a guinea pig model. Methods: Guinea pigs underwent anesthesia, sham laparotomy, 30 minutes of mesenteric ischemia followed by 6 hours of reperfusion, 6 hours of sustained mesenteric ischemia, or closed-loop small bowel obstruction. Serum samples were assayed for CBG activity. At the conclusion of the ischemia/reperfusion experiments, small bowel samples were assayed for residual enzyme activity, and paraffin sections were graded for the severity of histologic injury. Results: Serum CBG activity rose rapidly after intestinal ischemia with and without reperfusion. Peak enzyme activities were elevated 23-fold for reperfused animals (P
The radiopurity of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylethionine preparations

In the biosynthesis of labeled S-adenosylmethionine and S-adeno-sylethionine from the corresponding 14C-labeled sulfur amino acids by yeast, some radioimpurity occurred by non-specific labeling of the sulfonium compounds. This is explained by partial degradation of methionine and ethionine in the yeast cells, followed by utilization of the randomized fragments in the biosynthesis. The degree of mislabeling remains low because endogenous methionine synthesis from metabolic pool constituents is suppressed by the excess of methionine and ethionine supplement in the culture medium. Hydrolysis of the sulfonium compounds and analysis of the fragments showed that the misplaced isotope amounts to approximately 0.5% in the adenine, and 0.2% in the homoserine part compared with the total radioactivity of the sulfonium compounds (100%).