cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Providing Contraceptive Care To Low-Income, African American Teens: The Experience Of Urban Community Health Centers

Recently, attention has been drawn to the quality of the patient-provider relationship as a mediator of health outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities. The purpose of this study was to examine the provider-patient relationship in reproductive health care for low income African American teens and to identify effective techniques they use in caring for teens. We conducted focus groups with providers at two clinics serving six low-income neighborhoods on the Southside of Chicago. Sessions were audio-taped then transcribed verbatim. ATLAS/ti 5.0® (a qualitative data analysis software program), was used for coding, text retrieval, data management and analysis of data. Providers in community clinics use a number of tactics when working with teens. First, they forge strong relationships through the use of language, shared background experiences, honesty and spending extra time with teens. Second, clinic employees work collectively to care for the patients with all staff members, both professional and clerical, contributing to the provider-patient relationship. Third, providers seek opportunities for contraceptive counseling even attempting to reach males outside of clinic. Techniques used by providers in neighborhood clinics may provide important insights for providing reproductive health care to low income, African American teens.
Immunologic unresponsiveness to protein antigens induced in adult hypersensitive mice

Abstract A form of lasting immunologic unresponsiveness has been induced with protein antigens in adult mice already hypersensitive to these antigens. This specific tolerance appears as a delayed aftereffect of intense desensitizing treatments, and it develops gradually after a rapid rebound of desensitization-suppressed hypersensitivity. This immunologic inertia is explained as possibly due to antigenic overstimulation of a clone of immunocompetent cells specifically responsive to the antigen involved, so that it abandons capabilities for its reproduction in favor of efforts to produce antibody and thus eventually is eradicated. The unresponsiveness studied cannot be explained as due either to skin test-blocking serum factors or to nonspecific immunologic or physiologic body changes. The paralyzing effects reported in this paper influence both humoral and cellular, or delayed, types of hypersensitivity, but the latter is more strongly affected. This distinction is explained on the basis of differences in antigenic determinants involved in the two types of hypersensitivity and of the possibility that different kinds of immunocompetent cells are responsible for each. Data are presented which indicate that tolerance interfering with humoral hypersensitivity becomes progressively more difficult to induce as the time for hypersensitivity development increases.
MNS1 Is Essential for Spermiogenesis and Motile Ciliary Functions in Mice

During spermiogenesis, haploid round spermatids undergo dramatic cell differentiation and morphogenesis to give rise to mature spermatozoa for fertilization, including nuclear elongation, chromatin remodeling, acrosome formation, and development of flagella. The molecular mechanisms underlining these fundamental processes remain poorly understood. Here, we report that MNS1, a coiled-coil protein of unknown function, is essential for spermiogenesis. We find that MNS1 is expressed in the germ cells in the testes and localizes to sperm flagella in a detergent-resistant manner, indicating that it is an integral component of flagella. MNS1–deficient males are sterile, as they exhibit a sharp reduction in sperm production and the remnant sperm are immotile with abnormal short tails. In MNS1–deficient sperm flagella, the characteristic arrangement of “9+2” microtubules and outer dense fibers are completely disrupted. In addition, MNS1–deficient mice display situs inversus and hydrocephalus. MNS1–deficient tracheal motile cilia lack some outer dynein arms in the axoneme. Moreover, MNS1 monomers interact with each other and are able to form polymers in cultured somatic cells. These results demonstrate that MNS1 is essential for spermiogenesis, the assembly of sperm flagella, and motile ciliary functions.
The Effect of Parenteral Nutrition and Supplemental Glutamine on Glutamine Metabolism in Surgically Stressed Neonates

The Effect of Parenteral Nutrition and Supplemental Glutamine on Glutamine Metabolism in Surgically Stressed Neonates
Both DQB genes are expressed in BoLA haplotypes carrying a duplicated DQ region

The objective of this study was to determine whether more than one DQB gene is expressed in three BoLA haplotypes that have a duplicated DQ region. Leukocyte mRNA from three animals genotyped at the BoLA-A, DQB, and DRB3 loci was used as template for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), cloning, and DNA sequencing. Five DQB alleles were identified. All cDNA clones were 564 base pairs (bp) in length, including 507 bp of nonprimer-derived sequence that contained the coding sequence for the full length of exon 2 and 74 amino acids of exon 3. Three alleles were assigned to the DQB1 locus and two were assigned to DQB2 on the basis of sequence comparisons with previously reported alleles. The expression of DQB1 and DQB2 in individual animals was examined by RT-PCR followed by double digestion of the 564 bp PCR products with Eco O109 I and Dra III in order to discriminate the DQB alleles. Evidence that DQB1 and DQB2 are both transcribed was obtained for three different BoLA haplotypes with DQB duplications, DQB10, DQB11C, and DQB12. These results suggest that the duplication or deletion event that gave rise to the DQB1 and DQB2 genes is a relatively recent event in the evolution of the cattle MHC.
DOPAMINE REGULATES CANINE PLASMA β-ENDORPHIN-IMMUNOREACTIVITY LEVELS

Intravenous administration of the dopamine antagonists domperidone and metoclopramide elevates canine plasma β-endorphin immunoreactivity. Pretreatment with dopamine, but not dexamethasone, inhibits this effect. Sephadex G-50 chromatography shows that this response is due to β-endorphin-like peptides, not β-lipotropin. These findings indicate that pituitary β-endorphin secretion is tonically inhibited by dopamine and suggest that the intermediate lobe is the source of this secretion.
First Report of Powdery Mildew of Lycium chinense (Chinese Matrimony Vine) Caused by Arthrocladiella mougeotii in the Pacific Northwest

Chinese matrimony-vine (Lycium chinense Mill.) is a traditional medicinal plant grown in China and used as a perennial landscape plant in North America. This report documents the presence of powder...
Archaeologists study thermal shock

Abstract Archaeologists have studied ancient ceramics since the beginning of the discipline. A recent awakening of interest in ceramic technology has led some archaeologists to the study of vessel function and durability. A key approach in these studies has been thermal shock analysis. This paper reviews archaeological studies of thermal shock and considers the pitfalls and promises of a variety of techniques in the study of ancient ceramics.
The General Circulation Model Response to a North Pacific SST Anomaly: Dependence on Time Scale and Pattern Polarity

Abstract A general circulation model was integrated with perpetual January conditions and prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Pacific. A characteristic pattern with a warm region centered northeast of Hawaii and a cold region along the western seaboard of North America was alternately added to and subtracted from the climatological SST field. Long 1350-day runs, as well as short 180-day runs, each starting from different initial conditions, were performed. The results were compared to a control integration with climatological SSTs. The model's quasi-stationary response does not exhibit a simple linear relationship with the polarity of the prescribed SST anomaly. In the short runs with a negative SST anomaly over the central ocean, a large negative height anomaly, with an equivalent barotropic vertical structure, occurs over the Gulf of Alaska. For the same SST forcing, the long run yields a different response pattern in which an anomalous high prevails over northern Canada and ...
Flexor Tendon Injuries Following Locked Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures

We present 2 cases showing that flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus index injury can occur after placement of 2 commonly used locked volar plates. In contrast with the literature, the radii healed in an anatomic position without plate lift-off. The patients presented 6 and 8 months after surgery with new onset of radial wrist pain and tenderness at the site of the plate and absence or weakness of the flexor pollicis longus. In both cases, the plate was positioned anterior to the distal radial rim on the lateral radiograph. We suggest close follow-up of all fractures in which the distal end of the plate is anterior to the radial rim and removal of hardware if symptoms suggest tendon irritation.
Adsorption and Desorption Kinetics for Chlorosilanes on Si(111) 7×7

The adsorption and desorption kinetics for SiCl 4 and SiCl 2 H 2 on Si(111) 7×7 were studied using laser-induced thermal desorption (LITD) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) techniques. Both LITD and TPD experiments monitored SiCl 2 as the main desorption product at 950 K at all coverages of SiCl 4 and SiCl 2 H 2 on Si(111) 7×7.HC1 desorption at 850 K and H 2 desorption at 810 K were also observed following SiCl 2 H 2 adsorption. Isothermal LITD measurements of SiCl 4 and SiCl 2 H 2 ) adsorption on Si(111) 7×7 revealed that the initial reactive sticking coefficient decreased with increasing surface temperature for both molecules. The temperature-dependent sticking coefficients were consistent with precursor-mediated adsorption kinetics. Isothermal LITD studies of SiC1 2 desorption revealed second-order SiCl 2 desorption kinetics. The desorption kinetics were characterizedby a desorption activation energy of E d = 67 kcal/mol and a preexponential of vd = 3.2 cm 2 /s. TPD studies observed that the HCI desorption yield decreased relative to H 2 and SiCl 2 desorption as a function of surface coverage following SiCl 2 H 2 exposure. These results indicate that when more hydrogen desorbs as H 2 at higher coverages, The remaining chlorine is forced to desorb as SiCl 2 .
Nuclear Receptor PXR, transcriptional circuits and metabolic relevance

The pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) is a ligand activated transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily. PXR is highly expressed in the liver and intestine, but low levels of expression have also been found in many other tissues. PXR plays an integral role in xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism by regulating the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, as well as genes implicated in the metabolism of endobiotics. PXR exerts its transcriptional regulation by binding to its DNA response elements as a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and recruitment of a host of coactivators. The biological and physiological implications of PXR activation are broad, ranging from drug metabolism and drug-drug interactions to the homeostasis of numerous endobiotics, such as glucose, lipids, steroids, bile acids, bilirubin, retinoic acid, and bone minerals. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview on the transcriptional circuits and metabolic relevance controlled by PXR.
Coherent Movement of Cell Layers during Wound Healing by Image Correlation Spectroscopy

We have determined the complex sequence of events from the point of injury until reepithelialization in axolotl skin explant model and shown that cell layers move coherently driven by cell swelling after injury. We quantified three-dimensional cell migration using correlation spectroscopy and resolved complex dynamics such as the formation of dislocation points and concerted cell motion. We quantified relative behavior such as velocities and swelling of cells as a function of cell layer during healing. We propose that increased cell volume (∼37% at the basal layer) is the driving impetus for the start of cell migration after injury where the enlarged cells produce a point of dislocation that foreshadows and dictates the initial direction of the migrating cells. Globally, the cells follow a concerted vortex motion that is maintained after wound closure. Our results suggest that cell volume changes the migration of the cells after injury.
Monitoring el chichon aerosol distribution using noaa-7 satellite avhrr sea surface temperature observations

El velo de polvo de la erupcion volcanica de El Chichon en abril de 1982 ha tenido un notable efecto sobre la capacidad del AVHRR del satelite NOAA-7 para registrar la temperatura de la superficie del mar (SST). Las pequenas particulas de acido sulfurico de una micra o aun menos de tamano en la estratosfera atenuan la radiacion de la Tierra causando un desplazamiento (sesgo) negativo en los SSTs producidos operacionalmente por NOAA. Hemos utilizado este desplazamiento para observar mensualmente la evolucion y dispersion de la nube de aerosol a medida que se esparcia rapidamente hacia el norte durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 1982 y hasta la primavera de 1983.
α-Tocopherol modulates human umbilical vein endothelial cell expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and catalase and lipid peroxidation

Recent studies suggest the potential of alpha-tocopherol as a gene regulator, possibly through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) activation due to the structural similarity of alpha-tocopherol to a PPARgamma ligand, troglitazone. Other investigators have suggested that a link exists between induction of the antioxidant enzymes Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and PPARgamma activation. This study was designed to examine whether alpha-tocopherol modulates expression of Cu/Zn SOD and catalase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through redox-sensitive transcription factors, PPARgamma, and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Alpha-tocopherol treatments showed significant increases in both PPARgamma (1.4- to 2.2-fold, P < .01) and NF-kappaB p50 (1.3- to 1.5-fold, P < .005) DNA binding activities compared with vehicle control. Significant increases in Cu/Zn SOD mRNA levels (6.0-fold, P < .005) and catalase mRNA (8.0-fold, P < .005) and its protein levels (2.3-fold, P < .005) and lipid peroxidation levels (5.3-fold, P < .005) were observed at the lowest concentration (10 mumol/L) of alpha-tocopherol treatments. Both mRNA and protein levels of these 2 antioxidant enzymes were positively associated with lipid peroxidation (P < .05). Alpha-tocopherol may play a role not only in preventing against oxidative damage as an exogenous antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and superoxide but also in modulating the expression of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes as a gene regulator through PPARgamma and NF-kappaB in the vascular cells. The alpha-tocopherol-mediated gene expression is either stimulatory or inhibitory, depending on its oxidative status or its concentrations.
A SEER-based Probability Model Using HPV Status and Lymph Node Levels to Predict Primary Head-and-Neck Tumor Site for Squamous Cell Cancer Confined to Cervical Lymph Nodes

outcomes according to HPV status, maintenance E use, and stage were evaluated using the log-rank test. Toxicity was scored using CTCAE v3. Results: Forty-three pts (33 male), median age 57 years (range 35-75), with Stage III or IV (81%) were enrolled. The primary site of disease was as follows: oropharynx (nZ29), larynx (nZ10) and oral cavity (nZ4). Median follow-up is 21.1 months (range 1.4 59.6). All pts have completed chemoRT, 3 have not yet met the restaging time point. 6 pts have died from disease progression. One pt died during chemoRT from an unrelated cause. HPV status was available for 24 pts (19 HPV+). For all pts, 1-year locoregional failure-free survival (LFFS), distant metastasisfree survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were 90.9%, 96.3%, 88.9%, and 95.0% respectively. 2-year rates were 72.9%, 88.0%, 70.7%, 88.2% respectively. No significant differences in outcomes were found to be associated with maintenance E use or by stage. HPV positive status was associated with improved 1-yr LFFS (93.3% vs 66.7%, pZ0.003) and PFS (85.6% vs 66.7%, pZ0.023) and demonstrated a trend toward improved OS (100.0% vs 80.0%, pZ0.074). Grade 3 leukopenia was noted in a majority of pts. Grade 4 hematologic toxicity was observed in 13 pts and Grade 4 GI toxicity was noted in 2 pts. Conclusions: Erlotinib in combination with RT and docetaxel is an active and effective treatment regimen for pts with LA-SCCHN with acceptable toxicities. HPV positive status was associated with improved LFFS and PFS. Acknowledgment: This project was supported in part by Genentech, NIH grants P30 CA43703 and M01 RR-000080. Author Disclosure: C.R. Woods: None. M. Yao: None. R. Rezaee: None. C. Zender: None. D. Hsu: None. P. Fu: None. J. Wasman: None. M. Machtay: None. P. Lavertu: None. P. Savvides: E. Research Grant; Genentech. F. Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb.
Current Issues: Advanced Digital Technology for Supervising Graduate Clinicians

Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide clinical supervisors with information pertaining to state-of-the-art clinic observation technology. We use a novel video-capture technology, the L...
Fostering the innovation process by textual analysis of stakeholder opinions

Stakeholder concerns and opinions related to employee attitudes about their work are grouped into dimensions to allow insight to be gained and to facilitate innovative solutions to perceived problems. The concept of lexical analysis of human communication is developed, and examples of the technique taken from actual industrial experience are shown. A mathematical framework for clustering text into problem dimensions is proposed, and a morphological characterization of text is used to expose features of a problem which might otherwise not be apparent. It is concluded that the analysis of textural data opens many opportunities to study complex decision problems which do not lend themselves to typical survey analysis, and that it cultivates creative decision making. >
Meta-Analysis in Education: How Has It Been Used?

For many years, researchers have been concerned about the difficulties of integrating findings from dozens or sometimes hundreds of studies on a particular topic (see, e.g., Cooper, 1982; Jackson, 1980; Light & Smith, 1971). In traditional, descriptive reviews of research, different reviewers of the same body of research will draw markedly different conclusions, often in line with the reviewers' own biases.
“O QUE O BRASILEIRO NÃO ESQUECE NEM A TIRO É O CHAMADO FRANGO DE BARBOSA” – QUESTÕES SOBRE O RACISMO NO FUTEBOL BRASILEIRO.

analisa a culpa atribuida ao ex-goleiro Barbosa pela derrota brasileira na Copa de 1950 a luz do debate sobre raca e racismo no Brasil. Do ponto de vista da Historia Cultural, a presenca do debate racial em textos academicos (DaMatta, 1982; Vogel, 1982; Gordon Jr., 1996) que apontam o ex-goleiro como o algoz desta derrota expressam os significados sobre as relacoes raciais na cultura brasileira. No plano simbolico, o negro Barbosa se tornou um dos emblemas necessarios para denunciar as representacoes sobre “raca” e a sobreposicao de narrativas sobre a especificidade do racismo na sociedade brasileira.
Parents' Mainstreaming Modification Preferences for Children with Educable Mental Handicaps, Behavior Disorders, and Learning Disabilities.

Parents of children with educable mental handicaps, behavior disorders, and learning disabilities completed a questionnaire on the types and numbers of program modifications needed to persuade them to accept full-time mainstreaming for their exceptional children. Results suggest that successful full-time mainstreaming requires parent involvement. Contingent upon recognition and implementation of their recommendations for mainstreaming, most parents are supportive of full-time integration of their mildly handicapped children in regular classrooms. Parents' specific mainstreaming recommendations are discussed along with educational reform implications.
INTERACTIONS OF DIMETHOXY‐SUBSTITUTED TOLAZOLINE DERIVATIVES WITH α1‐ AND α2‐ADRENORECEPTORS IN VITRO

The activities of a series of dimethoxy-substituted tolazoline derivatives were investigated at alpha 1-adrenoreceptors in guinea-pig aorta and alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in field-stimulated guinea-pig ileum. Radioligand binding studies to alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in rat cerebral cortex were also performed to support the pharmacological findings. The 2,5- and 3,5-dimethoxy-substituted tolazoline derivatives were potent full agonists at alpha 1-adrenoreceptors in guinea-pig aorta, whereas the 2,3- and 3,4-dimethoxy-substituted tolazoline derivatives were inactive as alpha 1-adrenoreceptor agonists. 2,3-Dimethoxytolazoline was a partial agonist at alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in field-stimulated guinea-pig ileum. The intrinsic activity of 2,3-dimethoxytolazoline was similar to that of clonidine, but less than that of UK-14,304. The -log ED50 of 2,3-dimethoxytolazoline (7.66) was only 3- to 5-fold lower than that of clonidine or UK-14,304, indicating that this compound has relatively high potency as an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist. The 2,5-, 3,5- and 3,4-dimethoxy-substituted tolazoline derivatives were inactive as alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonists. 3,4-Dimethoxytolazoline was a moderately potent and selective alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist in field-stimulated guinea-pig ileum. The results indicate that the dimethoxy-substituted tolazoline derivatives possess different pharmacological activities and selectivities at alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoreceptors, depending upon the positions of the dimethoxy substitutions. The 2,5- and 3,5-dimethoxytolazoline derivatives are potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoreceptor agonists, whereas 2,3-dimethoxytolazoline is a potent and selective alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist. 3,4-dimethoxytolazoline is a moderately potent and selective alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Characterization of interface traps in the subthreshold region of implanted 4H and 6H-SiC MOSFETs

Abstract In this paper the interface trap densities (Dit) of 4H and 6H-SiC MOSFETs in the subthreshold region have been studied. Interface trap densities in this region were extracted as a function of trap energy (ET) from the transfer characteristics. We show these interface trap densities increase exponentially approaching the onset of strong inversion for both polytypes, and Dit(ET) is higher in 4H than in 6H through the subthreshold region. These results are consistent with previous reports [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] .
Hyperfine structure in the 4 p 5 5 d states of Kr 83

Hyperfine splittings in the $4{d}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, $4{d}_{3}$, $4{d}_{4}$, and $4{d}_{5}$ states of the $4{p}^{5}5d$ configuration of $^{83}\mathrm{Kr}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}(I=9∕2)$ have been measured using two-step laser excitation. The corresponding hyperfine coupling constants $A$ and $B$ are negative (with one exception) and range from $\ensuremath{-}400\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}+85\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MHz}$.
Diagnostic Utility of CT Scan for Acute Headache

ED records for 364 children 2 to 5 years of age who presented to the Children’s National Medical Center ED, Washington, DC, between July 1, 2003, and June 30, 2006, with headache as their chief complaint, were examined to determine whether CT scans led to better acute management, justifying the risk of radiation.
Needed interventions to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in health.

Large racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status (SES) differences in health persist in the United States. Eliminating these health disparities is a public health challenge of our time. This article addresses what is needed for social and behavioral interventions to be successful. We draw on important insights for reducing social inequalities in health that David Mechanic articulated more than a decade ago in his article "Disadvantage, Inequality, and Social Policy." We begin by outlining the challenge that interventions that have the potential to improve health at the population level can widen social inequalities in health. Next, given that there are racial differences in SES at every level of SES, we review research on race/ethnicity-related aspects of social experience that can contribute to racial inequalities in SES and health. We then explore what is needed for social and behavioral interventions to be successful in addressing disparities and consider the significance of race/ethnicity in designing and developing good policies to address this added dimension of inequality. We conclude that there is a pressing need to develop a scientific research agenda to identify how to build and sustain the political will needed to create policy to eliminate racial/ethnic health disparities.
Sensitivity analysis for a solar steam redox reformer

Interest in using renewable energy sources like solar energy for power production has grown because of the concern over CO2 emissions. One method of implementing solar energy for large scale power production is using hybrid solar fossil fuel power generation systems. Solar reforming has been shown to be a promising integration method with steam redox reforming to raise the chemical energy of the fuel. In this article, a sensitivity analysis for a solar steam redox reformer (proposed in Sheu and Ghoniem, 2016) with respect to different performance metrics is presented. Results show that the channel cross section, inlet gas temperature, and reformer pressure have the largest effect on the reactor performance. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the reduction kinetics can have a large effect on the calculated reactor performance and should be considered carefully. A reactor sizing analysis was also performed and results show that complete conversion can be achieved with a reasonable reactor size and that there is a tradeoff between conversion and cost/solar utilization efficiency. Moreover, a strategy for reactor design based on maximizing stand-alone performance as well as integration with a power cycle is discussed.
Rapid preparation and characterization of chaotic mixing chip integrated indium tin oxide electrodes

Effective mixing of reactants is a prerequisite to chemical and biochemical reactions,thus mixing becomes an important functional unit in micro-total analytical system.In this paper,a simple procedure of reproducing a hybrid chaotic mixer made of dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-glass in ordinary laboratory is presented.Indium tin oxide(ITO) micro-electrodes are integrated in the mixing channel,and the surface of the PDMS micro-channels is modified by using sol-gel of silica.The mixing performance is characterized for the first time by conductivity of an acid-base reaction with the integrated electrodes.The glass mother mold was prepared by isotropic wet etching of glass,and the mixing channel together with the sub micro-structure was formed by one-step exposure and one-step etching.Positive mold with complementary micro-structure to that of the mother mold(negative) was prepared by UV assisted in situ-polymerization of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA),and PDMS replication of the positive PMMA mold was achieved by thermal in situ polymerization.Hybrid chip mixer was obtained by sealing the PDMS replica with a glass slide with ITO electrodes.The effective mixing performance was confirmed both by conductivity detection and fluorescence imaging.The method introduced here is easy to implement in common laboratories without double exposures and SU-8 photoresist,and will find wide applications in the microfluidic analytical chips.
The Current State of Interorganizational Collaboration: Lessons for Human Service Research and Management

The research on interorganizational and intersectoral collaboration in recent years has proliferated, offering an increasing number of lessons learned for both the study and management of human ser...
FRIB Cryogenic Plant Status

After practical changes were approved to the initial conceptual design of the cryogenic system for MSU FRIB and an agreement was made with JLab in 2012 to lead the design effort of the cryogenic plant, many activities are in place leading toward a cool-down of the linacs prior to 2018. This is mostly due to using similar equipment used at CHLII for the 12 GeV upgrade at JLab and an aggressive schedule maintained by the MSU Conventional Facilities department. Reported here is an updated status of the cryogenic plant, including the equipment procurement status, plant layout, facility equipment and project schedule.
Transpiration and Plant Water Balance

This chapter emphasizes the transpiration and water balance in plants. Transpiration, the loss of water vapor from plants, is a physical process that is under control of both external physical and physiological factors. Solar radiation provides the energy source for transpiration. In general, the rate of transpiration is proportional to the gradient in water vapor concentration between sources of water within the plant and the bulk atmosphere and the total resistance to water vapor diffusion of the plant. Most water loss is from leaves, and stomata largely control leaf transpiration. Regulation of stomatal aperture is very complex, as stomata respond to a variety of environmental factors such as light, humidity, temperature, CO 2 concentration, and endogenous factors such as root and leaf hormone production and release, and age. Transpiration varies with changes in controlling factors in a complex fashion, and increases in at least some factors that would be expected to increase transpiration rate, for instance reduction in boundary layer resistance to water vapor loss is compensated by other concurrent effects such as reduction in leaf temperature and hence vapor concentration gradient. Relative losses of water vapor by transpiration and evaporation from the soil vary with plant community type and stand density, with communities and stands characterized by sparse cover losing relatively more water by evapotranspiration. Greater evaporative losses in arid areas and understocked forest stands tend to cause lower ratios of dry matter production to total evapotranspiration. Because water often is a limiting resource in plant production, there has been considerable interest in measures of efficiency of water use with regard to photosynthesis and productivity.
Left and right ventricular dyssynchrony and strains from cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking do not predict deterioration of ventricular function in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot

Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) suffer from progressive ventricular dysfunction decades after their surgical repair. We hypothesized that measures of ventricular strain and dyssynchrony would predict deterioration of ventricular function in patients with rTOF. A database search identified all patients at a single institution with rTOF who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) at least twice, >6 months apart, without intervening surgical or catheter procedures. Seven primary predictors were derived from the first CMR using a custom feature tracking algorithm: left (LV), right (RV) and inter-ventricular dyssynchrony, LV and RV peak global circumferential strains, and LV and RV peak global longitudinal strains. Three outcomes were defined, whose changes were assessed over time: RV end-diastolic volume, and RV and LV ejection fraction. Multivariate linear mixed models were fit to investigate relationships of outcomes to predictors and ten potential baseline confounders. One hundred fifty-three patients with rTOF (23 ± 14 years, 50 % male) were included. The mean follow-up duration between the first and last CMR was 2.9 ± 1.3 years. After adjustment for confounders, none of the 7 primary predictors were significantly associated with change over time in the 3 outcome variables. Only 1–17 % of the variability in the change over time in the outcome variables was explained by the baseline predictors and potential confounders. In patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular dyssynchrony and global strain derived from cine CMR were not significantly related to changes in ventricular size and function over time. The ability to predict deterioration in ventricular function in patients with rTOF using current methods is limited.
Valuation and optimization for performance based logistics using continuous time Bayesian networks

When awarding contracts in the private sector, there are a number of logistical concerns that agencies such as the Department of Defense (DoD) must address. In an effort to maximize the operational effectiveness of the resources provided by these contracts, the DoD and other government agencies have altered their approach to contracting through the adoption of a performance based logistics (PBL) strategy. PBL contracts allow the client to purchase specific levels of performance, rather than providing the contractor with the details of the desired solution in advance. For both parties, the difficulty in developing and adhering to a PBL contract lies in the quantification of performance, which is typically done using one or more easily evaluated objectives. In this work, we address the problem of evaluating PBL performance objectives through the use of continuous time Bayesian networks (CTBNs). The CTBN framework allows for the representation of complex performance objectives, which can be evaluated quickly using a mathematically sound approach. Additionally, the method introduced here can be used in conjunction with an optimization algorithm to aid in the process of selecting a design alternative that will best meet the needs of the contract, and the goals of the contracting agency. Finally, the CTBN models used to evaluate PBL objectives can also be used to predict likely system behavior, making this approach extremely useful for PHM as well.
The response of tree ring δ15N to whole-watershed urea fertilization at the Fernow Experimental Forest, WV

Plant tissue δ15N is frequently used as a proxy for N availability and N cycle dynamics, and the δ15N signature of tree rings could potentially be used to reconstruct past changes in the N cycle due to forest disturbance or anthropogenic N deposition. However, there are substantial uncertainties regarding how effectively tree ring δ15N records N cycle dynamics. We used increment tree cores from a forested watershed that received a one-time application of urea, along with the long-term stream water chemistry record from that watershed and a nearby reference watershed, to determine the effectiveness of tree ring δ15N in recording a change in N availability, and whether its effectiveness differed by species or mycorrhizal type. Tree ring δ15N of three species increased rapidly (within ~1 to 3 years) following fertilization (Quercus rubra, Fagus grandifolia, and Prunus serotina), while that of Liriodendron tulipifera did not respond to fertilization but increased ~10 years later. Tree ring δ15N tended to remain elevated throughout the measured time period (1967–2000), well past the pulsed fertilization response in stream water. This extended δ15N response may be partially caused by chronic atmospheric N deposition in the region, which also contributed to greater losses of nitrate in stream water by ~1980. Additionally, local recycling of N compounds, and retranslocation of N within the trees, may account for the persistence of elevated tree ring δ15N levels beyond the direct fertilization effects. Collectively, these results confirm that tree ring δ15N from some species can document the onset of historical changes in the N cycle. We suggest that studies utilizing tree ring δ15N as a proxy for long-term N cycle dynamics should look for a consistent pattern of change among several species rather than relying on the record from a single species.
Effect of Price on Use of ACTH for Infantile Spasms

The effect of the 14-fold price increase on Aug 27, 2007 of ACTH treatment of infantile spasms in the US was evaluated at University of Colorado, Denver, in 97 patients treated 2007-2009.
The Motion of a Rigid Body

In the narrow world of the exact sciences there are several kinds of rigid body. There are nuclei, generally not spherical and precessing in the atomic field or some applied field. There are molecules, whose shapes may be very complex, and there are stars and planets interacting through gravitation. In the closely adjacent field of engineering, and especially space engineering, there is an immense variety of oscillating and rotating devices, some of which, such as the gyroscopic stabilizers used on space craft, are extremely sophisticated.
Dilema diagnóstico en un paciente despierto con edema pulmonar tras craneotomía: reporte de caso

Resumen Introduccion Presentamos un caso de desarrollo de edema pulmonar idiopatico tras craneotomia sin sintomas neurologicos. Descripcion del caso Una paciente de sexo femenino de 70 anos de edad con una historia medica sin interes se sometio a una extirpacion de tumor cerebral bajo anestesia general. La craneotomia se realizo sin eventos notables y sus condiciones respiratorias y hemodinamicas durante la operacion se mantuvieron normales. Inmediatamente al concluir la operacion la paciente recobro su conciencia y se encontro en estado neurologico intacto. Sin embargo, su oxigenacion no era suficiente sin administracion de oxigeno, y las radiografias indicaban edema pulmonar. Gradualmente su edema pulmonar visualizado en las radiografias toracicas desaparecio. No habia ninguna razon para el edema pulmonar excepto manipulacion intracraneal, asi que fue considerado como un edema pulmonar neurologico. Conclusion En este caso, habriamos simplemente seguido el proceso de restauracion del edema pulmonar neurologico que se desarrollo durante la operacion.
Hybrid integration for coherent laser beam combining on silicon photonics platform

We propose and demonstrate hybrid integration of a diode laser array with a passive coherent beam combining (CBC) cavity on silicon photonics platform. We show that the critical bonding alignment in the vertical direction can be precisely controlled by dry-etched pedestals on the silicon chip.
Estimate of mortality reduction with implementation of advanced automatic collision notification

ABSTRACTObjective: Advanced Automatic Collision Notification (AACN) is a system on a motor vehicle that notifies a public safety answering point (PSAP), either directly or through a third party, that the vehicle has had a crash. AACN systems enable earlier notification of a motor vehicle crash and provide an injury prediction that can help dispatchers and first responders make better decisions about how and where to transport the patient, thus getting the patient to definitive care sooner. The purposes of the current research are to identify the target population that could benefit from AACN, and to develop a reasonable estimate range of potential lives saved with implementation of AACN within the vehicle fleet.Methods: Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) years 2009–2015 and National Automotive Sampling System–Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) years 2000–2015 were obtained. FARS data were used to determine absolute estimates of the target population who may receive benefit from AA...
Autophagy upregulates (pro)renin receptor expression via reduction of P62/SQSTM1 and activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway in podocytes

Autophagy plays a major role in podocytes health and disease. P62, also known as sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1), is a marker for autophagic activity and is required for the formation and degradation of ub...
REFIXATION OF LOOSENED HIP PROSTHESES: OSTEOGENIC CAPACITY OF PERIPROSTHETIC TISSUE CELLS

Background Aseptic loosening of prostheses is the most common cause for failure in total joint arthroplasty. Particulate wear debris induces a non-stop inflammatory-like response resulting in the formation of a layer of fibrous periprosthetic tissue at the bone/implant interface. The current treatment is an invasive revision joint replacement surgery. However, this procedure has a high morbidity rate, therefore, a less invasive alternative is necessary. One approach could be to re-establish osseointegration of the joint prosthesis by inducing osteoblast differentiation in the periprosthetic tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of periprosthetic tissue cells to differentiate into the osteoblast lineage. Methods Periprosthetic tissue samples were collected during revision surgery of aseptic loosened hip prostheses, after which cells were isolated by collagenase digestion. Of 14 different donors, cells from passage 1 till 3 were used for differentiation experiments. During 21 days, cells were cultured under normal and several osteogenic culture conditions. Cultures were stained for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineral deposits in the extracellular matrix. Results When cells were cultured in osteogenic medium, ALP staining was increased compared to normal culture medium in 12 donors. Mineralisation of the matrix was observed in 13 donors. Addition of bone morphogenetic protein 2 or 6 (BMP) increased the ALP staining even further in 4 donors, whereas the mineralisation increased by 2–3 fold in 2 different donors. Nevertheless, in 1 donor, addition of a specific GSK3β inhibitor (GIN) to the osteogenic medium or a combination of both GIN and BMP2 was required to induce mineralisation of the matrix. Conclusions Periprosthetic tissue cells show characteristics of differentiation into the osteoblast lineage when cultured under osteogenic conditions. However, the responses to different osteogenic stimuli were donor specific. Level of Evidence Level IV. Experimental research study.
Treating Adults with Complex Trauma: An Evidence-Based Case Study

This article presents an overview of complex trauma and a case study describing the evidence-informed treatment of a 25-year-old woman with chronic complex trauma symptoms resulting from childhood sexual, physical, and psychological abuse from a caregiver. Treatment followed a relationship-based, cognitive behavior therapy model across 3 treatment phases. Significant reductions in trauma and general distress symptoms occurred from pre- to posttreatment, although firm conclusions about cause cannot be drawn from case studies. Verbatim vignettes illustrate specific interactions.
A comparison of sensitivity metrics for two-stage ignition behavior in rapid compression machines

Abstract A rapid compression machine (RCM) multi-zone model is used to simulate the ignition of primary reference fuel (PRF) mixtures that exhibit two-stage ignition behavior. Sensitivity coefficients for each reaction in the PRF mechanism are calculated from four different metrics: (1) first-stage energy release, (2) first-stage pressure rise, (3) first-stage ignition delay time, and (4) total ignition delay time. The sensitivity coefficients are used to provide four unique rankings, and the rankings are compared using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Special emphasis is given to comparing the rankings based on first-stage energy release and total ignition delay time. The level of agreement between these two rankings is shown to depend on the reaction conditions. Simulation cases with high peak heat release rates during the first stage of ignition tend to exhibit disagreement in the rankings, indicating that new kinetic information can be obtained by studying first stage energy release in addition to total ignition delay time. Simulations show that the high peak heat release rates are associated with energy release across a broad range of temperatures (range can be in excess of 100 K even for lean conditions). This distribution leads to a discrepancy between sensitivity coefficients calculated for the total ignition delay time and the first-stage energy release. Sensitivity coefficients for the total ignition delay time are characterized by reactivity at the highest temperatures in the RCM, while sensitivity coefficients for the first-stage energy release are characterized by reactivity across the full range of temperatures in the RCM.
Esp: Procurement and Processing of Tongue River Silicified Sediment

Archaeological work at the .East Short Pines (ESP) site in Harding County, South Dakota, is the first intensive effort to study procurement and processing operations for Tongue River Silicified Sed...
SHetA2 Dry Powder Aerosols for Tuberculosis: Formulation, Design, and Optimization Using Quality by Design.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a life threatening pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Current treatments are complex, lengthy, and associated with severe side effects that decrease patient compliance and increase the probability of the emergence of drug resistant strains. Thus, more effective drugs with little to no side effects are needed to diversify the armamentarium against the global TB epidemic. SHetA2, an anticancer compound with null toxicity at doses much higher than the effective dose, was recently discovered to be active against MTB. In the present study, a dry powder formulation of SHetA2 for pulmonary delivery was developed to overcome its poor aqueous solubility and to maximize its concentration in the lungs, the main site of TB infection. Using quality by design (QbD) methodology, three different formulations of SHetA2 microparticles (MPs) were designed, manufactured, and optimized, SHetA2 alone, SHetA2 PLGA, and SHetA2 mannitol MPs, to maximize the drug dose, target alveo...
The divorce profile : differential social correlates in 1952 and in 1972 /

This is a study of changes over time in several dimensions of the divorce profile in Franklin County, Ohio. The data were drawn from a sampling of 10 per cent of divorce records of the Domestic Court in 1952 and in 1972. Selection of the information retrieved was based on several a priori hypotheses. Chi square analysis was employed. The findings show ed no significant increase over these two decades in the percentage of husbands who were plaintjffs in divorce proceedings. There was a signi ficant decrease from 1952 to 1972 in the percentage of divorced couples with only one child. There was a significant increase in the number of divorces occurring in 1972 among couples married for longer periods of time. There was a significant increase in the percentage of husbands granted custody of non-emancipated children in 1972. There were drama tic changes in the occupational profiles of both men and women from 1952 to 1972—the percentages of both men and women in skilled, semi-professional and professional occupations whose marriages were terminated by divorce during 1972 increased sharply in that year as contrasted with the percentages during 1952. In comparison, the per centages of divorced men in unskilled and blue-collar occupations and divorced women in the unskilled occupations decreased sharply from 1952 to 1972. Divorce is more and more recognized as a socially accep table option for all concerned, rather than as a personalfailure for which there is no socially reasonable explanation.