cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Unusual Co-Crystallization of both Monomeric and Dimeric Forms of Cu[PhN(py)quin]Cl2

The aryl functionalized diquinolyl amine MesN(quin)2 (1) and the pyridyl-quinolyl amine (2,6-iPr2C6H3)N(py)quin (2) have been prepared via palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of substituted anilines with 2-chloroquinoline. The HBF4 acid salts of (2,6-iPr2C6H3)N(quin)2 (3) and MesN(py)quin (4), as well as the copper complex [Cu{PhN(py)quin}Cl2] (5) have been prepared in order to probe the effect that ligand coordination has on its geometry. The molecular structures of each have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The free ligands 1 and 2 crystallize in three-bladed propellar conformations, having smaller degrees of “pitch” between the two heterocycles than either has with the aryl “blade”, allowing for greater heterocycle π-system overlap with the amine lone pair. Acid confinement of similar ligands in 3 and 4 results in forced coplanarity of the two heterocycles, which coordinate the HBF4 proton in an asymmetric fashion. The copper complex 5 crystallizes with both monomeric and dimeric forms present in the asymmetric unit. Crystal data: (1) Space group P21/c, a = 14.058(3), b = 12.202(2), c = 12.831(3) A, β = 104.61(3)°, V = 2129.8(8) A3, Z = 4, R = 0.0596, wR2 = 0.1453. (2) Space group P21/c, a = 22.250(4), b = 8.628(2), c = 23.031(5) A, β = 92.88(3)°, V = 4370(2) A3, Z = 8, R = 0.0514, wR2 = 0.1323. (3) Space group Pbca, a = 13.886(3), b = 18.016(4), c = 21.347(4) A, V = 5340(2) A3, Z = 8, R = 0.0722, wR2 = 0.1635. (4) Space group P21/c, a = 10.629(2), b = 18.489(4), c = 10.907(2) A, β = 92.88(3), V = 2140.6(7) A3, Z = 4, R = 0.0551, wR2 = 0.1531. (5) Space group $${\text P}\bar{1}$$ , a = 9.706(2), b = 11.325(2), c = 17.322(4) A, α = 98.28(3), β = 94.85(3), γ = 91.83(3)°, V = 1875.6(7) A3, Z = 1, R = 0.0481, wR2 = 0.0946. The molecular structures of free ligands MesN(quin)2 and (2,6-iPr2C6H3)N(py)quin, as well as the acid salts [H{(2,6-iPr2C6H3)N(quin)2}]BF4 and [H{MesN(py)quin}]BF4, and the copper complex Cu{PhN(py)quin]Cl2 have been determined. The asymmetric unit of the copper complex contains both monomeric and dimeric forms of the compound.
Precopulatory Sexual Cannibalism Causes Increase Egg Case Production, Hatching Success, and Female Attractiveness to Males

Precopulatory sexual cannibalism is an extreme form of sexual conflict that can entail significant costs to the cannibalized individual and a variety of costs and benefits to the cannibal itself. Characterizing these costs and benefits is fundamental to our understanding of how this behavior evolves. Using the spider Agelenopsis pennsylvanica, we tested the reproductive consequences of precopulatory sexual cannibalism by staging cannibalization events and comparing the performance of experimental cannibals against natural cannibals (i.e., those that cannibalized on their own) and non-cannibals. We found two performance benefits associated with precopulatory sexual cannibalism: first, experimental cannibals were more likely to produce egg cases than non-cannibals, and second, egg cases from experimental cannibals and natural cannibals were significantly more likely to hatch than those produced by non-cannibals. We then tested whether males were more likely to approach the webs of experimental cannibals vs. non-cannibalistic control females. Our data demonstrate that sexual cannibalism increases female attractiveness to males. Although this result seems counterintuitive, in fact, rates of precopulatory sexual cannibalism were much lower in females that had already cannibalized their first male: 38% of sexually naive females engaged in precopulatory sexual cannibalism, whereas only 5% of females engaged in cannibalism a second time. Thus, males that approach cannibals receive two benefits: they are less likely to be cannibalized precopula, and they have the possibility of mating with females that have a higher probability of producing viable egg cases. Taken together, our data suggest that precopulatory sexual cannibalism affords females numerous benefits and may have a hand in shaping male mate choice decisions.
The Adequacy and Scope of Roy's Adaptation Model to Guide Cross-Cultural Pain Research

The purpose of this study was to examine the adequacy (operational, empirical, and pragmatic) and scope of the Roy adaptation model and the gate control theory of pain to guide the cross-cultural study of pain. The sample consisted of 60 Mexican-American and Anglo-American women undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The conceptual-theoretical-empirical structure developed by Fawcett and Downs (1986) provided the framework for designing the study. Operational adequacy was determined by examining the reliability and validity of the empirical indicators used; it was judged adequate. Empirical adequacy was evaluated by comparing empirical data to hypothesized expectations. Only some of the conceptual-theoretical relational statements were supported. Pragmatic adequacy was assessed by determining whether innovative practice strategies might be derived from the data; several were recommended. Finally, the scope was determined by examining the variables identified by the model and several additional variables. Scope was judged adequate to the current stage of the model's development.
Can We Discern the Effect of Globalization on Income Distribution? Evidence from Household Surveys

The effects of globalization on income distribution in rich and poor countries are a matter of controversy. While international trade theory in its most abstract formulation implies that increased trade and foreign investment should make income distribution more equal in poor countries and less equal in rich countries, finding these effects has proved elusive. The author presents another attempt to discern the effects of globalization by using data from household budget surveys and looking at the impact of openness and foreign direct investment on relative income shares of low and high deciles. The author finds some evidence that at very low average income levels, it is the rich who benefit from openness. As income levels rise to those of countries such as Chile, Colombia, or Czech Republic, for example, the situation changes, and it is the relative income of the poor and the middle class that rises compared with the rich. It seems that openness makes income distribution worse before making it better-or differently in that the effect of openness on a country's income distribution depends on the country's initial income level.
Dopamine antagonist alters serum cortisol and prolactin secretion in lactating holstein cows

The role of dopamine in regulating glucocorticoid and prolactin secretion was investigated in lactating Holstein cows by characterizing serum cortisol and prolactin responses to fluphenazine, a dopamine receptor antagonist. Twelve anovulatory cows received an intravenous bolus injection of either saline (n = 6) or 0.3 mg of fluphenazine/kg of body weight (n = 6) in wk 2 postpartum. Blood samples were collected every 30 min for 4 h before and 4 h after saline or fluphenazine injection. Serum progesterone concentration was 0.13 +/- 0.1 ng/mL and did not differ between groups. No difference in serum cortisol concentrations was detected between groups before treatments. Fluphenazine increased serum cortisol concentrations within 30 min after fluphenazine administration (>30 ng/mL) and concentrations remained elevated throughout the sampling period. Cortisol remained unchanged in saline-treated cows (<10 ng/mL). Prolactin concentrations also increased after fluphenazine administration (103.1 +/- 3.1 ng/mL), but were unaffected by saline (18 +/- 3.1 ng/mL). Prolactin concentrations remained elevated throughout the sampling period in fluphenazine-treated cows. Our results indicated that a dopamine antagonist increased cortisol, suggesting that endogenous dopamine, at least in part, regulates cortisol and prolactin secretion. These effects are regulated through dopamine receptors in anovulatory lactating dairy cows during the early postpartum period.
Adolescent Leadership Development: Building a Case for an Authenticity Framework

This article reviews the literature on adolescent leadership development and connects the concept of leadership authenticity as a way to influence anti-social adolescent behavior for pro-social outcomes. Because adolescent leaders develop from both pro-social and anti-social constructs, educators must recognize the unique power of both leadership funnels. Pro-social leaders are inclusive and build affiliation, while anti-social leaders are exclusive and rely on power. Leadership studies overly focus on adult-level leadership development. This article centers on the idea that leadership development is essential at the adolescent level, and opportunities for productive adolescent leadership development research, though difficult, do exist. In this article a functional definition for authentic leadership is developed along with a proposed research framework with researchable variables for studying leadership authenticity in adolescents. A case for using an authentic leadership paradigm for helping adolescent...
Image upconversion using coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering

We report an experimental and theoretical study of real-time image upconversion with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering. Experimental results for image upconversion in hydrogen are presented. Various parameters affecting the efficiency of the upconverted signal and image resolution are discussed. >
Wing mass formula for twin fuselage aircraft

A formula is derived to calculate structural wing mass. This formula can be applied to twin fuselage aircraft, conventional single-body aircraft and some other unconventional aircraft (such as the Voyager). The approach is particularly useful in the first stages of preliminary aircraft design and in optimization programs where the wing-mass calculation time is an important characteristic. The concept model assumes a nontapered inboard wing section, a tapered outboard wing section and fuel stored only in the outboard wing. The theory for the wing-mass estimation is described. Unlike the other mass formulae where mass spanwise distribution is considered by an "unloading coefficient," the present method integrates the mass spanwise distribution with the air load spanwise distribution. This allows more precise consideration of the wing geometry and mass unloading. There are no simplifications applied and the formula completely reflects the initial concept model. Good comparison with statistical data for single body aircraft is obtained.
Factors to inform clinicians about the end of life in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract Context Palliative services have historically been offered to terminal patients with cancer, but much less so in other chronic illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of difficulties in predicting the trajectory to death. Objectives The goal of this study was to determine if the change over time of the key parameters (trajectory) in patients with severe COPD can independently predict short-term mortality. Methods We analyzed data from 1218 patients with severe COPD. Multivariate models for trajectory change were used to forecast mortality at 12 months. Results Changes in several variables by defined cutpoints increase significantly and independently the odds of dying in 12 months. The earliest and strongest predictors were the decrease in gait speed by 0.14m/s or six-minute walk by 50m (odds ratio [OR] 4.40, P Conclusion The changes in defined variables and patient-reported outcomes by defined cutpoints were independently associated with increased 12-month mortality in patients with severe COPD. These results may inform clinicians when to initiate end-of-life communications and palliative care.
The Social Awareness Inventory: Development and Applications

The Social Awareness Inventory (SAI), which assesses individual differences in eight social-perceptual styles, is introduced and applied in three studies. The model is derived by crossing the three binary dimensions of target (self or other), perspective (own or other's), and content (overt appearance or covert experience). Studies 1 and 2 describe the development of the SAI and show that its subscales are meaningfully associated with related constructs such as public and private self-consciousness, empathy, social anxiety, and narcissism. Studies 2 and 3 explore the factor structure of the SAI, showing that people high on a self-divided factor regulate themselves according to environmental controls, list more self presentational strivings, and are higher on neuroticism and depression. In contrast, people high on a self-grounded factor tend to be autonomy oriented. The SAI appears to provide an integrative conceptual and empirical framework for considering many personality and motivational constructs.
Perceptions of Traditional Information Sources and Use of the World Wide Web to Seek Health Information: Findings From the Health Information National Trends Survey

As medical information becomes increasingly available and individuals take a more active role in managing their personal health, it is essential for scholars to better understand the general public's information-seeking behavior. The study reported here explores the use of the World Wide Web to seek health information in a contemporary information-media environment. Drawing from uses and gratifications theory and the comprehensive model of health information seeking, perceptions of traditional information sources (e.g., mass media, one's health care provider, etc.) are posited to predict use of the Web to seek health information and perceptions of information acquired from searches. Data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS; N = 3982) were analyzed to test study hypotheses. Trust in information-oriented media, entertainment-oriented media, and one's health care provider all predicted Web use behavior and perceptions. The implications of the findings for research on information seeking and the role of the Web in patient empowerment are discussed.
Cellular uptake of 3H-actinomycin D in the hematological tissues and liver of the mouse.

Actinomycin D(AM), an inhibitor of DNA-dependent RNA synthesis, produces a reversible cessation of red blood cell production. This study examines the in vivo cellular uptake of 3H-AM in the hematological tissues and livers of B6D2F1 mice. 3H-Am (sp. act. = 2.97 to 4.20 C/mmole) was given IV at a dose of 4.0 to 5.7 μg (14 μc) per mouse. Spleen, bone marrow, blood, and liver samples were taken for autoradiography at post-injection times of five minutes to 67 hours. We have confirmed the rapid in vivo cellular uptake of AM; substantial quantities of the drug were in the nuclei within five minutes of IV administration. Not all cell types became labeled. Erythroid, hepatic, lymphoid, and reticulo-endothelial (RE) cells and monocytes took up the label, whereas labeling of granulocytic elements was doubtful. Most heavily labeled were liver cells (highest mean grain count = 110.1) and splenic RE(19.1) and erythroid (16.1) cells. Erythroid cells in the spleen were more heavily and more rapidly labeled than those in the bone marrow. All nucleated erythroid maturational stages, in both the spleen and the bone marrow, were labeled, even at five minutes. The time course of erythroid and hepatic labeling was quite different. Whereas early erythroid cells required six hours to become 100% labeled, liver cells were 100% labeled at five minutes and loss of hepatic labeling began as early as 15 to 30 minutes.
Novel mechanisms of platinum drug resistance identified in cells selected for resistance to JM118 the active metabolite of satraplatin.

The goal of this study was to identify molecular determinants of sensitivity and resistance to JM118, the active metabolite of satraplatin, an orally bioavailable cisplatin analog that has activity in prostate cancer. Human ovarian carcinoma 2008/JM118 cells were derived from parental 2008 cells by repeated exposure to JM118; the revertant 2008/JM118/REV subline was isolated from the 2008/JM118 cells by growth in the absence of drug. Drug sensitivity was determined by clonogenic assay and Pt levels were measured by ICP-MS. Eight sequential rounds of selection yielded the 2008/JM118 subline that was 4.9-fold resistant to JM118 and cross-resistant at varying levels to satraplatin, cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. Cross-resistance to the other Pt drugs was lost as resistance to JM118 waned. The same parental 2008 cells selected for resistance to cisplatin were partially cross-resistant to JM118. The 2008/JM118 cells accumulated significantly more Pt than the 2008 cells when exposed to low concentrations of either JM118 or cisplatin indicating a detoxification process that involves intracellular sequestration. In contrast, 2008 cells selected for cisplatin resistance accumulated less cisplatin and less JM118 reflecting a mechanism involving reduced accumulation. The 2008 and 2008/JM118 cells did not differ in their uptake or efflux of 64Cu, expression of Cu efflux transporters ATP7A or ATP7B or their glutathione content. The 2008/JM118 cells exhibited 3.0–7.7-fold hypersensitivity to docetaxel, paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Expression profiling identified 4 genes that were significantly up-regulated and 19 that were down-regulated in the 2008/JM118 cells at a false discovery rate of 1 gene. While the cellular defense mechanisms that protect cells against JM118 also mediate resistance to the other Pt drugs, these mechanisms are quite different from those commonly found in cells selected for resistance to cisplatin. JM118-resistant cells accumulate more rather than less Pt and rely on an intracellular detoxification mechanism different from that involved in cisplatin resistance. This is consistent with clinical evidence suggesting that satraplatin has activity in diseases in which cisplatin does not. In this model, JM118 resistance is associated with substantial collateral hypersensitivity to docetaxel, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin.
Neurodevelopmental surveillance in the first 2 years after extremely preterm birth: Evidence, challenges, and guidelines

During the past decade, major advances in maternal-fetal medicine and neonatology have resulted in unprecedented survival of very preterm babies. These babies represent a small fraction of infants born preterm, but present significant challenges with respect to respiratory, nutritional, and developmental vulnerabilities. Several efforts involving the UK, US, Canada, Australia, and the Netherlands have provided information on regional trends over time with respect to neonatal morbidities and neurodevelopmental outcomes through the first two years of life. Historically gross and fine motor, cognitive and communicative skills, vision and hearing performance have been the focus of assessment. Indicators of major neurodevelopmental disabilities at 2 years have included presence of severe neurosensory impairment, i.e. cerebral palsy, sensorineural hearing loss requiring aides, and blindness. In addition cognitive developmental disability has been generally defined as a Bayley MDI or developmental quotient <70, i.e. lower than 2 standard deviations below the mean. However these outcomes cannot reliably capture trajectories of resiliency as well as more complex developmental challenges in the domains of coordination, perception, attention, communication, and learning. Recently tools have become available for assessing functional status in gross motor, communicative, adaptive and social-emotional behaviours of imitation, regulation, and play. This review will describe the major progress in assessing early neurodevelopmental status of vulnerable survivors receiving new biomedical technologies, highlight challenges, and propose guidelines based on current best evidence.
Land Dispossession and Global Crisis: Introduction to the Special Section on Land Rights in the World-System

Economy of the World-System section of the American Sociological Association. The theme of the conference was Land Rights in the World-System. The thought-provoking and wellresearched papers that were presented at the conference stimulated a lively debate and exchange of ideas that encoura ged us to publish a selection of these papers that linked globalization, capital accumulation, and land rights as a special section in this issue of JWSR. From a world-historical standpoint, the history of capitalism begins with the transformation of land rights. In one sense, the modern concept of land rights denotes the establishment of bourgeois land rights in the countryside (leading to export-led commercial agriculture) and in the city (as “real estate”). Of course, from the perspective of/within the modern world- system, it is easy to take these forms of property rights for granted and as everexisting. But this would be missing the massive social transformations that involved centuries of struggles for and against the establishment of bourgeois property rights in land and its usage. While the forms that this transformation took were complex and varied across time and space of the modern world-system, we can distinguish five of its salient features: (1) the transformation of a complex system of customary rights to land usage to legal and written titles to land ownership, (2) the transformation of the concept of property from jurisdiction over ambiguously defined areas to concretely defined (and enclosed) physical spaces, (3) the rationalization of the use of such demarcated landed property as a form of capital and at the service of “primitive” and expanded capital accumulation, (4) the increasing privatization of the earth’s surface through dispossession and displacement of peasants and Indigenous populations, and (5) destruction of nonmarket access to food and self-sustenance and creation of a (mobile) global proletariat that is massively concentrated at the urban centers of the world economy (and often living a life under a regime of “forced underconsumption”) (Araghi 2010a). The complex global history of this process o f commodification of land rights can be divided into four historical periods: primitive accumulation, colonialism, developmentalism, and globalization.
Context-based intent understanding using an Activation Spreading architecture

In this paper, we propose a new approach for recognizing intentions of humans by observing their activities with an RGB-D camera. Activities and goals are modeled as a distributed network of inter-connected nodes in an Activation Spreading Network (ASN). Inspired by a formalism in hierarchical task networks, the structure of the network captures the hierarchical relationship between high-level goals and low-level activities that realize these goals. Our approach can detect intentions before they are realized and it can work in real-time. We also extend the formalism of ASNs to incorporate contextual information into intent recognition. A fully functioning system is developed for experimental evaluation. We implemented a robotic system that uses our intent recognition to naturally interact with the user. Our ASN based intent recognizer is tested against two different scenarios involving everyday activities performed by a subject, and our results show that the proposed approach is able to detect low-level activities and recognize high-level intentions effectively in real-time. Further analysis shows that contextual ASN is able to discriminate between otherwise ambiguous goals.
Automated Identification of Injury Dynamics After Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia

Neonatal hypoxic ischemic injury (HII) is a devastating brain disease for which hypothermia is currently the only approved treatment. As new therapeutic interventions emerge there is a significant need for noninvasive objective quantification of the spatiotemporal lesion dynamics combined with precise information about lesion constituents (ischemic core and penumbra). These metrics are important for deciding treatment parameters (type, time, site, and dose) and for monitoring injury-therapy interactions. Such information provided ‘on-line’ in a timely fashion to the clinician could revolutionize clinical management. Like other spatiotemporal biological processes, video bioinformatics can assist objective monitoring of injury–therapy interactions. We have been studying the efficacy of various potential treatments in translational (rodent) HII models using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We have developed a novel computational tool, hierarchical region splitting (HRS) to rapidly identify ischemic lesion metrics. HRS detects similar lesion volumes compared to manual detection methods and is fast, robust, and reliable compared to other computational methods. HRS also provides additional information about the location, size, and evolution of the core and penumbra, which are difficult to ascertain with manual methods. This chapter summarizes the ability of HRS to identify lesion dynamics and ischemic core-penumbra evolution following neonatal HII. In addition, we demonstrate that HRS provides information about lesion dynamics following different therapies (e.g., hypothermia, stem cell implantation). Our findings show that computational analysis of MR images using HRS provides novel quantitative approaches that can be applied to clinical and translational stroke research using data mining of standard experimental and clinical MRI data.
Translating democracy: how activists in the European Social Forum practice multilingual deliberation

Linguistic barriers may pose problems for politicians trying to communicate delicate decisions to a European-wide public, as well as for citizens wishing to protest at the European level. In this article I present a counter-intuitive position on the language question, one that explores how grassroots activists in social movements use translation as a novel practice to debate political alternatives in the European Union's (EU) multilingual public sphere. In recent years, new cross-European protest movements have created the multilingual discursive democracy arena known as the European Social Forum (ESF). I compare deliberative practices in the multilingual ESF preparatory meetings with those in monolingual national Social Forum meetings in three Western European countries. My comparison shows that multilingualism does not reduce the inclusivity of democratic deliberation as compared to the national context. In the ESF, grassroots deliberators work using a novel practice of translation that has the potential to include marginalized groups. It is, however, a distinct kind of translation that activists use. Translation, compared to EU-official practices of multilingualism, affects a change in institutionalized habits and norms of deliberation. Addressing democratic theorists, my findings suggest that translation could be a way to think about difference not as a hindrance but as a resource for democracy in linguistically heterogeneous societies and public spaces, without presupposing a shared language or lingua franca, nor a national identity.
Regulation of rat plasma and cerebral cortex oxylipin concentrations with increasing levels of dietary linoleic acid

Linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the North American diet and is a precursor to circulating bioactive fatty acid metabolites implicated in brain disorders. This exploratory study tested the effects of increasing dietary LA on plasma and cerebral cortex metabolites derived from LA, its elongation-desaturation products dihomo-gamma linolenic (DGLA, 20:3n-6) acid and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6), as well as omega-3 alpha-linolenic (α-LNA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). Plasma and cortex were obtained from rats fed a 0.4%, 5.2% or 10.5% energy LA diet for 15 weeks and subjected to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Total oxylipin concentrations, representing the esterified and unesterified pool, and unesterified oxylipins derived from LA and AA were significantly increased and EPA metabolites decreased in plasma at 5.2% or 10.5% energy LA compared to 0.4% energy LA. Unesterified plasma DHA metabolites also decreased at 10.5% energy LA. In cortex, total and unesterified LA and AA metabolites increased and unesterified EPA metabolites decreased at 5.2% or 10.5% LA. DGLA and α-LNA metabolites did not significantly change in plasma or cortex. Dietary LA lowering represents a feasible approach for targeting plasma and brain LA, AA, EPA or DHA-derived metabolite concentrations.
Airplane loss of control problem: Linear controllability analysis

Abstract The controllability analysis for airplane flight dynamics is very crucial in upset/loss-of-control situations. Conventional airplanes are normally equipped with so redundant control authority. That is, an airplane might experience a loss of one or more control surfaces and remain controllable. As such, the aim of this paper is to investigate common upset situations and to explore the limits of controllability using linear analysis tools with emphasis on analysis of Thrust-only Flight Control Systems (TFCSs) where all the hydraulic systems are lost. Based on those analyses, the necessity of nonlinear controllability analysis for such situations is discussed.
Sinking, Fast and Slow: Relative Volatility Versus Correlation Tightening

Having exhausted the descriptive potential of semideviation and other elaborations of partial statistical moments, I now return to beta as a composite statistic combining relative volatility with correlation. The bifurcation of single-sided beta into distinct components measuring changes in volatility and in correlation reveals two very different aspects of market conduct, each with its own implications for investor behavior.
Causes and correction of dissatisfaction after implantation of presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the causes and possible solutions for patient dissatisfaction after the implantation of presbyopia-correcting intraocular lenses (IOLs). METHODS This study was a retrospective review of clinical records. All patients who were seen between January 2009 and December 2013 whose primary reason for consultation was dissatisfaction with visual performance after presbyopia-correcting IOL implantation were included in the study. A single treating physician, who determined the most probable cause of dissatisfaction, decided which interventions to pursue following the initial consultation. RESULTS Data from 74 eyes of 49 patients were analyzed. The most common cause for complaint was blurry or foggy vision both for distance and near (68%). Complaints were most frequently attributed to residual refractive error (57%) and dry eye (35%). The most common interventions pursued were treatment of refractive error with glasses or contact lenses (46%) and treatment for dry eye (24%). Corneal laser vision correction was done in 8% of eyes; 7% required an IOL exchange. After the interventions, 45% of patients had completed resolution of symptoms, 23% of patients were partially satisfied with the results, and 32% remained completely dissatisfied with the final results. CONCLUSION The most identifiable causes of dissatisfaction after presbyopia-correcting IOL implantation are residual refractive error and dry eye. Most patients can be managed with conservative treatment, though a significant number of patients remained unsatisfied despite multiple measures.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in the United States: Predictors of early hospital discharge.

BACKGROUND There is a concerted push for adopting a minimalist strategy with emphasis on early hospital discharge for patients undergoing Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However, studies on discharge patterns and predictors of early discharge (≤3 days post-TAVI) are sparse, in the United States. METHODS We analyzed using Healthcare Utilization Project, Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, 2011-2012. A total of 7321 TAVI procedures were identified. We compared in-hospital outcomes between early and late discharge cohorts, and determined the predictors of early discharge. Correlation of costs and post-TAVI length of stay was also performed. RESULTS Early discharge rate post-TAVI was about 21% in the United States, in 2011-2012. Overall mean age was 81 years. In-hospital adverse outcomes post-TAVI were higher in late discharge cohort (P < 0.001). Mean length of stay post-TAVI (7.7 days vs 2.6 days) and costs ($208 752 vs $157 663) were significantly higher in late discharge than early discharge cohort. Females, bleeding, blood transfusions, stroke, permanent pacemakers, mechanical circulatory support, acute kidney injury were associated with significantly lower adjusted odds for early discharge. Transfemoral TAVI approach, prior aortic valvuloplasty, and procedure year 2012 were associated with significantly higher odds for early discharge. We observed positive correlation between costs of hospitalization and post-TAVI length of stay (R = 0.58; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Females, bleeding, blood transfusions, stroke, permanent pacemakers, mechanical circulatory support devices, renal failure were associated with lower odds for early discharge. Transfemoral approach and prior aortic valvuloplasty increased the likelihood for early discharge. Post-TAVI length of stay was associated with significantly higher hospitalization costs.
Carbon nanotube supported PdAg nanoparticles for electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol in anion exchange membrane fuel cells

Abstract Electro-oxidation of alcohol is the key reaction occurring at the anode of a direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC), in which both reaction kinetics (rate) and selectivity (to deep oxidation products) need improvement to obtain higher power density and fuel utilization for a more efficient DAFC. We recently found that a PdAg bimetallic nanoparticle catalyst is more efficient than Pd for alcohol oxidation: Pd can facilitate deprotonation of alcohol in a base electrolyte, while Ag can promote intermediate aldehyde oxidation and cleavage of C C bond of C3 species to C2 species. Therefore, a combination of the two active sites (Pd and Ag) with two different functions, can simultaneously improve the reaction rates and deeper oxidation products of alcohols (Applied Catalysis B, 2016, 199, 494). In this continuing work, Pd, Ag mono, and bimetallic nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes (Ag/CNT, Pd/CNT, Pd1Ag1/CNT, and Pd1Ag3/CNT) were prepared using an aqueous-phase reduction method; they served as working catalysts for studying electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol in an anion-exchange membrane-based direct glycerol fuel cell. Combined XRD, TEM, and HAADF-STEM analyses performed to fully characterize as-prepared catalysts suggested that they have small particle sizes: 2.0 nm for Pd/CNT, 2.3 nm for PdAg/CNT, 2.4 nm for PdAg3/CNT, and 13.9 nm for Ag/CNT. XPS further shows that alloying with Ag results in more metal state Pd presented on the surface, and this may be related to their higher direct glycerol fuel cell (DGFC) performances. Single DGFC performance and product analysis results show that PdAg bimetallic nanoparticles can not only improve the glycerol reaction rate so that higher power output can be achieved, but also facilitate deep oxidation of glycerol so that a higher faradaic efficiency and fuel utilization can be achieved along with optimal reaction conditions (increased base-to-fuel ratio). Half-cell electrocatalytic activity measurement and single fuel cell product analysis of different glycerol oxidation intermediates, including C3: glycerate, tartronate, mesoxalate, and lactate; C2: glycolate and oxalate, over PdAg/CNT catalyst was further conducted and produced deeper insight into the synergistic effects and reaction pathways of bimetallic PdAg catalysts in glycerol electrocatalytic oxidation.
Hardware trojans in 3-D ICs due to NBTI effects and countermeasure

Abstract Going vertical as in 3-D IC design, reduces the distance between vertical active silicon dies, allowing more dies to be placed closer to each other. However, putting 2-D IC into three-dimensional structure leads to thermal accumulation due to closer proximity of active silicon layers. Also the top die experiences a longer heat dissipation path. All these contribute to higher and non-uniform temperature variations in 3-D IC; higher temperature exacerbates negative bias temperature instability (NBTI). NBTI degrades CMOS transistor parameters such as delay, drain current and threshold voltage. While the impact of transistor aging is well understood from the device point of view, very little is known about its impact on security. We demonstrated that a hardware intruder could leverage this phenomenon to trigger the payload, without requiring a separate triggering circuit. In this paper we provide a detailed analysis on how tiers of 3-D ICs can be subject to exacerbated NBTI. We proposed to embed threshold voltage extractor circuit in conjunction with a novel NBTI-mitigation scheme as a countermeasure against such anticipated Trojans. We validated through post-layout and Monty Carlo simulations using 45 nm technology that our proposed solution against NBTI effects can compensate the NBTI-effects in the 3-D ICs. With the area overhead of 7% implemented in Mod-3 counter, our proposed solution can completely tolerate NBTI-induced degraded threshold voltage shift of up to 60%.
The Middle Ages are not enough: the fourth paradox and the marginalization of the Roman Empire

Abstract : The palates of the nationalist authors of the 19 th century found the common past exemplified by the Roman Empire to be too homogeneous a taste. Although this premise may be valid for all European nationalist movements of the 19th and early 20 th centuries, the discussion here is limited to Spain’s problematic national construction during the 19 th century and the group formed by Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Spain and ‘Benelux’ were chosen because they represent complex problems in the construction of a key dynamic of European nationalism: a political contemporary diversity linked to pre-Roman and post-Roman pasts. Despite these political and historical connections, the paths taken by these nationalisms are significantly different. Key words : Rome, Netherlands, Spain, nationalism, Europe Resumen : Un pasado comun ejemplificado por el Imperio Romano pasa por ser demasiado homogeneo para el gusto de los autores nacionalistas en el siglo XIX. Esta premisa puede ser valida para todos los movimientos nacionalistas europeos, pero voy a limitarme a la problematica de la construccion nacional en Espana durante el siglo XIX y al grupo formado por Belgica, los Paises Bajos y Luxemburgo. Ambas regiones representan similares complejidades en la construccion de un nacionalismo europeo: una diversidad politica contemporanea enlazada con un pasado prerromano y post-romano. A pesar de tener conexiones politicas e historicas, el camino de estos dos nacionalismos es significativamente diferente. Palabras clave : Roma, Paises Bajos, Espana, nacionalismo, Europa doi: https://doi.org/10.20318/revhisto.2017.3712
Confluência Etnomatemática Intersecção de Visões de Mundo Nativa e Acadêmica

We adopt the concept of confluence as a metaphor to consider our ethnomathematical engagement for the past fourteen years. In this time, we have worked with students and teachers and have realized that the diversity of meanings brought to our collective mathematical commitment has had many influences. The principle of two-eyed seeing (Marshall, 2004), allows the authors a different framework through which to consider the importance of the Native worldview and a Western academic view. The confluence of the Native worldview and Western academic view is what guides our story. From the Native view we bring the richness of story and oral traditions. The Western side of our story brings forwarded a variety of academic backgrounds, e.g. mathematics education, linguistics, and anthropology. An overarching theme that we will bring forward is the affect. Affect for our students as well as us as researchers.
Demonstration of interactive dialog teaching for learning a practical end-to-end dialog manager

This is a demonstration of a platform for building practical, task-oriented, end-to-end dialog systems. Whereas traditional dialog systems consists of a pipeline of components such as intent detection, state tracking, and action selection, an end-to-end dialog system is driven by a machine learning model which takes observable dialog history as input, and directly outputs a distribution over dialog actions. The benefit of this approach is that intermediate quantities such as intent or dialog state do not need to be labeled – rather, learning can be done directly on example dialogs.
RFID-Based Non-repudiation Protocols for Supply Chains

RFID-tagged items are highly likely to change ownerships during their lifetime. While there are more than a dozen ownership transfer protocols in extant literature, none of these address the issue of non-repudiation. We purport to fill this gap by proposing non-repudiation protocols with and without a trusted third party that seamlessly also transfer ownership of the tagged item.
Thermal Effects in the Brain During Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

We used a three-dimensional magnetic resonance image to model the Lorentz force in scalp, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, gray matter, and white matter of the human brain during transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The simulations show that during TMS procedures, measurable intracranial forces develop within different tissue layers of the brain. This force strongly depends on the strength of the magnetic field generated by the TMS coil. The effect of this force will cause stress in the brain tissues and creates around 5%-10% deformation in both gray and white matter.
Brentuximab vedotin with AVD shows safety, in the absence of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, in newly diagnosed HIV-associated Hodgkin lymphoma.

Objective Brentuximab vedotin is a Food and Drug Administration approved anti-CD30 antibody drug conjugate potently active in Hodgkin lymphoma. Trials of brentuximab vedotin with doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD-BV) excluded patients with HIV. We studied the safety of AVD-BV in newly diagnosed HIV-associated classical Hodgkin lymphoma . Design and methods Patients diagnosed with stage II-IV HIV-associated classical Hodgkin lymphoma received AVD-BV on days 1 and 15 every 28 days for six cycles. Anti-HIV medications with strong CYP3A4 inhibition were excluded. This phase 1 trial followed a 3+3 dose de-escalation design started with brentuximab vedotin at 1.2 mg/kg with standard dosing of AVD. Dose-limiting toxicities were defined in cycle one. Results Seven patients were enrolled with six being evaluable: five of six stage III/IV, three with an international prognostic score at least 4. With no dose-limiting toxicities identified, all six were treated at the 1.2 mg/kg dose. Only five grade (G) three nonhematological adverse events were noted in three patients: pulmonary infection, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy. No G4/5 adverse events occurred. PET/computer tomography was negative in five of six after cycle 2 and six of six post therapy. Progression-free survival was 100% at 25 months with all patients in remission. One patient was deemed ineligible for taking ritonavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, but developed G3/4 adverse events including febrile neutropenia, and pancreatitis and though consented was excluded from all evaluation. Conclusion AVD-BV was well tolerated at recommended phase 2 dose of 1.2 mg/kg. Concurrent strong CYP3A4 inhibitors should be avoided. A phase 2 study of AVD-BV is currently enrolling (NCT01771107).
Financial Aspects of Carve-Out

Separations, by their very nature, are risky and complex. They require functions such as finance, information technology (IT), and human resources (HR) to be fully operational on Day 1 (i.e., transaction close), whereas integrations typically allow for the deferment of activities post-transaction close.
(An)Other Terrain for Thought: "Good Gossip"

INTRODUCTION This essay proposes to work the limits of a taken-for-granted system of thought in order to name the multiple at work in the classroom through the educator’s and student’s body. It both promotes the “theoretical rupture” currently challenging traditional Anglo-American studies of philosophy, literary theory, and the so-called “sciences of man,” and diverges from much of poststructural thought by adding a specific sexual inflection to the seemingly common goal of “redefining the subject.” It is not my desire here to construct yet another bad utopian vision nor to lead us down some path of righteous destruction. I position the following deconstructions not as destruction but rather as a kind of historical affirmation that not only resists the rancor of failed historical ideals but works that site of failure to resignify the very terms that, having become unmoored from their ground, are at once the tenants of that loss and the resources from which to articulate the future. My attempt involves investigation into a practice I call “good gossip” in some effort to help re\fuse the social imaginary about liberal discourses of dialogue, identity and community in academic research, pedagogy, and philosophical frameworks. My aim here is to map a different space in which other performances, other thinking, power, and pleasures are undertaken. The very notion of gossip, positioned as it is, outside of if not contrary to normalized, disciplinary philosophical convention, suggests to me a possible route of escape, providing moments to re\think, to re\fuse what we are, to con\test the dominant in order to move to some place which might be named a counter discourse of feminist imaginaries. In some ways, then, this is an experiment to open up possibilities for thinking complexities through a familiar practice that often moves through different registers, its participants often speaking through multiple codes. My goal is not a facile for or against institutionalized knowledge claims of disciplines, methods of verification and communication, but rather an exploration of their possibiliites in the face of limit questions, questions that are both insistent and interminable in approaching the boundary on which the tree of knowledge has its roots.
Perspectives in diving and asphyxia

Animals vary in their ability to tolerate asphyxia. Among aquatic species, some are well adapted to asphyxia associated with the apnea of their diving behavior. The related mechanisms and their regulation are not unique to aquatic animals, rather they are extensions of similar reactions noted in terrestrial species. Our understanding of asphyxia has grown in large part from research on aquatic mammals and birds and by comparing the responses of these natural breath-holding specialists with those of other animals. Studies in nature and in the laboratory have both contributed to this knowledge. The divers have been shown to rely ultimately on oxygen conservation and enhanced anaerobic reserves, producing a strategic retreat into a hypometabolic state.
Co-Prescription of Strong CYP1A2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Tizanidine-Associated Hypotension: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Tizanidine, a widely used muscle relaxant that can lower blood pressure, is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). We studied 1,626 patients prescribed tizanidine and 5,012 prescribed cyclobenzaprine concurrently with a strong CYP1A2 inhibitor. The primary outcome was severe hypotension, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≤ 70 mmHg during periods of drug co-exposure. Severe hypotension occurred more often in the tizanidine group (2.03%; n = 33) than the cyclobenzaprine group (1.28%; n = 64); odds ratio (OR) = 1.60; P = 0.029. This difference remained statistically significant after adjustment for a log-transformed propensity score that included age, sex, race, Charlson's comorbidity index, and concurrent use of antihypertensive medications (OR = 1.57; P = 0.049). A sensitivity analysis that defined hypotension as SBP < 90 mmHg also yielded higher rates of hypotension among patients prescribed tizanidine. In conclusion, CYP1A2 inhibition increases the risk of hypotensive episodes associated with the use of tizanidine in routine clinical practice.