cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Successful airway management of a patient with a known difficult airway with the Direct Coupler Interface Video Laryngoscope

We present the case of a patient who first presented with unexpected difficult laryngoscopy and intubation after induction of general anesthesia. After multiple failed attempts using direct laryngoscopy, tracheal intubation was successfully performed with the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway. He returned to the operating room 5 days later for another surgical procedure, and intubation was performed with the Direct Coupler Interface Video Laryngoscope on the first attempt by the same anesthesiologist.
The Sheffield omission training procedure applied to the conditioning of the licking response in rats

A classical conditioning situation was modified to make the US contingent on the nonoccurrence of the CR (anticipatory licking by rats). Ss did not learn the rewarded response. Classical conditioning of anticipatory licking developed in spite of a rapidly decreasing frequency of US presentations over conditioning sessions.
Conscientiousness and Agreeableness as Moderators of the Relationship Between Neuroticism and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: A constructive replication

Several previous studies examining the predictors of counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) have found positive relationships for neuroticism and negative relationships for conscientiousness and agreeableness. We extend this research by examining whether employee personality traits interact with each other to influence CWBs. Because conscientiousness and agreeableness may suppress one's tendency to engage in CWBs, we hypothesized that the neuroticism–CWB relationship will be weaker among workers who are high in either conscientiousness or agreeableness than among workers who are low in these traits. Data from three independent samples provide support for these hypothesized moderator effects.
Putting the Work Back into Work/Family

This article locates the source of the work/family conflict in our shared underlying assumptions about how work must be done if one is to succeed. Based on a 6-month field study of engineers in a Fortune 100 company, three barriers to the successful implementation of work/family policies and programs were identified. Examining the source of these barriers reveals an assumption that individuals must be present at work to succeed. Gidden's theory of structuration is applied to explain why this assumption perpetuates. The article further indicates that to alter this assumption will require rethinking the organization's reward system and the recurrence of impromptu interactions that result. At the end, the article suggests that surfacing this and other underlying assumptions about work has potential benefits for organizations, as well as individuals.
Mis-Specification and Frequency Dependence in a New Keynesian Phillips Curve

A Phillips curve is at the center of New Keynesian macroeconomic modeling. Yet this relationship has proven quite difficult to detect in post-1984 quarterly data. Here we provide compelling evidence that previous models quantifying the dynamic relationship between inflation and unemployment rates have been mis-specified in their assumption that the coefficient on unemployment is a constant. Instead, we find that this coefficient is frequency-dependent: the inflation impact of a fluctuation in the unemployment rate differs for a fluctuation which is part of a smooth pattern of changes versus a fluctuation which is an isolated event, just as the Friedman-Phelps “natural rate” hypothesis suggests. In particular, we analyze the Blanchard/Gali (2005) Phillips Curve regression specification using a newly developed econometric technique capable of consistently estimating the frequency dependence in a feedback relationship. Explicitly allowing for feedback in such a relationship is essential because the two-sided nature of the Fourier transformations used in previous frequency domain studies otherwise confounds the analysis, leading to inconsistent parameter estimates.Using one-sided filtering to allow for observed feedback in the relationship, we find statistically significant frequency dependence. In particular, using quarterly data from 1984:I2003:IV, we find an economically and statistically significant inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment for higher-frequency unemployment rate fluctuations — with periods less than or equal to about one year — but no evidence for an effect of lower-frequency unemployment rate fluctuations. In contrast, an analogous model ignoring frequency dependence finds no statistically significant relationship at all between inflation and unemployment rates during this sample period.
TNF-α–stimulated fibroblasts secrete lumican to promote fibrocyte differentiation

In healing wounds and fibrotic lesions, fibroblasts and monocyte-derived fibroblast-like cells called fibrocytes help to form scar tissue. Although fibrocytes promote collagen production by fibroblasts, little is known about signaling from fibroblasts to fibrocytes. In this report, we show that fibroblasts stimulated with the fibrocyte-secreted inflammatory signal tumor necrosis factor-α secrete the small leucine-rich proteoglycan lumican, and that lumican, but not the related proteoglycan decorin, promotes human fibrocyte differentiation. Lumican competes with the serum fibrocyte differentiation inhibitor serum amyloid P, but dominates over the fibroblast-secreted fibrocyte inhibitor Slit2. Lumican acts directly on monocytes, and unlike other factors that affect fibrocyte differentiation, lumican has no detectable effect on macrophage differentiation or polarization. α2β1, αMβ2, and αXβ2 integrins are needed for lumican-induced fibrocyte differentiation. In lung tissue from pulmonary fibrosis patients with relatively normal lung function, lumican is present at low levels throughout the tissue, whereas patients with advanced disease have pronounced lumican expression in the fibrotic lesions. These data may explain why fibrocytes are increased in fibrotic tissues, suggest that the levels of lumican in tissues may have a significant effect on the decision of monocytes to differentiate into fibrocytes, and indicate that modulating lumican signaling may be useful as a therapeutic for fibrosis.
UAV-based passive geolocation based on channel estimation

In this paper, we propose a Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) algorithm for passive geolocation based on delay estimation of two correlated wireless channels. It's assumed that the passive receiver is carried by a small flying UAV in the sky, and the transmitter is located on the ground (static or mobile), so Rician flat fading model should be used. To estimate the delay of two correlated channels, Block Phase Estimation (BPE) is used for each wireless channel estimation, and then the two estimated channels are compared to get the best time delay. We also compare it against a cross-correlation-based TDoA algorithm. Simulation results show that our TDoA algorithm performs much better than the cross-correlation-based TDoA algorithm with a lower level of magnitude in terms of average TDoA error and Root-Mean-Square-Error (RMSE). Four different Rician fading channel groups are evaluated, and conclusions are drawn for our TDoA algorithm and the cross-correlation-based TDoA algorithm.
Four-year experience with the CarboMedics valve: The North American experience

Abstract A multicenter prospective trial of the CarboMedics valve was initiated in July 1988. Twelve North American centers were included for the purpose of establishing the safety and efficacy of this new rotatable, bileaflet, pyrolytic-Carbon prosthesis. The study included 786 patients (using 891 valves) enrolled between July 1988 and August 1992. There were 447 male and 339 female patients from ages 2 to 83 years. Of the 618 primary replacement operations (including double valves), 393 were aortic and 292 were mitral valve replacements. Mean follow-up time was 16.1 months; 94.7% of patients had completed documentation up to and including one year. New York Heart Association functional class was III or IV for 84.4% of patients preoperatively, and I and II in over 96% of patients for the first three postoperative years. Survival for the entire group was 93% (622) at 1 month, 89% (504) at 1 year, 87% (213) at 2 years, and 85% (41) at 3 years. There were no significant survival differences between primary and repeat replacements or between aortic, mitral, and double-valve replacements. Primary replacement patients with concomitant procedures (n = 241) had slightly decreased survival rates compared with those who underwent isolated procedures (isolated survival rate, 92% [98]; concomitant procedure survival rate, 81% [59] at 2 years; p = 0.002). There was no valve failure. Linearized rates (events per 100 patient-years) in primary replacement patients after 30 days included the following: thrombosis, 0.39; thromboembolism, 0.92; hemolysis, 0.53; anticoagulant-related hemorrhage, 2.36; paravalvular leak, 0.92; endocarditis, 0.53; reoperation, 0.92; and explantation, 0.66. We conclude that this valve, which recently has been recommended for approval by the Food and Drug Administration advisory panel, is safe and efficacious for use.
Studies on the Role of the Preoptic Area in the Control of Reproductive Function in the Rat

The present study was designed to determine the effects of bilateral lesions restricted to the medial preoptic area on reproductive function in rats. Adult female rats were placed in a stereotaxic instrument, and bilateral lesions were made in the medial preoptic area of the diencephalon using an anodic current and platinum or stainless steel electrodes. Both types of lesions produced identical effects. Most animals with lesions restricted to the medial preoptic area showed repeated periods of pseudopregnancy for the duration of their lives. Ova were detected in the oviducts on the day of estrus between pseudopregnancies, and deciduomata could be produced by uterine traumatization during pseudopregnancy. Daily administration of lergotrile mesylate, a dopamine agonist, for about two weeks, to the pseudopregnant rats with lesions resulted in the appearance of normal 4 or 5-day estrous cycles. These results suggest that the medial preoptic area may not be necessary for ovulation in the rat, and that the norm...
A Bayesian Approach to Determine Focus of Attention in Spatial and Time-Sensitive Decision Making Scenarios

Complex decision making scenarios require maintaining high level of concentration and acquiring knowledge about the context of the task in hand. Focus of attention is not only affected by contextual factors but also by the way operators interact with the information. Conversely, determining optimal ways to interact with this information can augment operators’ cognition. However, challenges exist for determining efficient mathematical frameworks and sound metrics to infer, reason and assess the level of attention during spatio-temporal complex problem solving in hybrid human-machine systems. This paper proposes a computational framework based on a Bayesian approach (BAN) to infer users’ focus of attention based on physical expression generated from embodied interaction and further support decision-making in an unobtrusive manner. Experiments involving five interaction modalities (vision-based gesture interaction, glove-based gesture interaction, speech, feet, and body balance) were conducted to assess the proposed framework’s feasibility including the likelihood of assessed attention from enhanced BAN and task performance. Results confirm that physical expressions have a determining effect in the quality of the solutions in spatio-navigational type of problems.
Solar powered UAV: Design and experiments

Unmanned solar powered aircraft offer a unique set of advanced capabilities and have set general aviation records for longest continuous flight and greatest sustained altitude. However, the application of solar powered flight to small scale solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has seen sparse research activity and is only partially explored. The use of solar power as an energy resource allows small scale UAVs to carry heavier, more powerful sensor payloads, and can extend flight times to over 24 hours, thereby achieving multi-day flight. This work focuses on recent developments by the Center for Distributed Robotics on a four meter wingspan solar UAV designed for low altitude aerial sensing applications. Highlighted in this paper are aspects of airframe, propulsion, and electronics hardware design as well as experiments that quantify the solar power system and airframe performance.
Oculomotor Plant Characteristics: The Effects of Environment and Stimulus

This paper presents an objective evaluation of the effects of environmental factors, such as stimulus presentation and eye tracking specifications, on the biometric accuracy of oculomotor plant characteristic biometrics. This paper examines the largest known data set for eye movement biometrics, with eye movements recorded from 323 subjects over multiple sessions. Six spatial precision tiers (0.01°, 0.11°, 0.21°, 0.31°, 0.41°, and 0.51°), six temporal resolution tiers (1000, 500, 250, 120, 75, and 30 Hz), and three stimulus types (horizontal, random, and textual) are evaluated to identify acceptable conditions under which to collect eye movement data. The results suggest the use of eye tracking equipment providing at least 0.1° spatial precision and 30-Hz sampling rate for biometric purposes, and the use of a horizontal pattern stimulus when using the 2-D oculomotor plant model developed by Komogortsev et al.
Fatty acid biosynthesis in developing fetal lung

Fatty acids are integral components of glycerolipids and hence of the phosphatidylcholine-rich pulmonary surfactant. There is ample evidence that the lung is able to synthesize fatty acids de novo. Toward the end of gestation as the fetus prepares for life outside the uterus, there is a surge in phosphatidylcholine synthesis. At the same time there is an increase in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis as well as in the activity of fatty acid synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the final steps in fatty acid synthesis. Glucocorticoids have long been known to accelerate phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in the fetal lung and they have also been found to stimulate fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid synthase activity. In fact, fatty acid synthase is the first, and so far the only, enzyme involved in lipid biosynthesis to be clearly identified as glucocorticoid inducible in fetal lung. De novo fatty acid biosynthesis may have two important roles relating to surfactant production during late fetal life. In addition to providing fatty acids for incorporation into surfactant phospholipids, recent data suggest that fatty acids may also directly regulate phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by activation of choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase, an enzyme catalyzing a rate-limiting step in its biosynthetic pathway.
Single optical carrier 200G DP-QPSK transmitter using RF sub-banding with integrated ultra-wide band IQ mixers

Employing RF sub-band multiplexing with the aid of ultra-wide band RF IQ mixers, we demonstrated a 200G DP-QPSK transmitter using two RF sub-bands and a single optical carrier. The novel technique is readily applicable to current commercial coherent DSP designed for 100G without the need for high baud-rate generation electrically. The 200G DP-QPSK transmitter, implemented using the fabricated ultra-wide band mixers, was shown to have great OSNR tolerance as it suffers only 0.5∼1-dB OSNR penalty when compared to a standard 100G Nyquist DP-QPSK transmitter. The proposed RF sub-banding architecture could potentially reduce the cost and power consumption at the transmitter side for coherent optics design, without suffering the transmission penalty associated with high baud-rate generation and/or complex modulation format.
DEVELOPMENT OF A YARN QUALITY ANALYZING SYSTEM

An automatic analyzing system has been developed for continuous measurement of dye-uptake evenness of a fine-denier, continuous polyester filament yarn along its axis.The system consists of a Yarn Sampling Unit, a Continuous Dyeing Unit, a FYL Analyzer and a Data Processing Unit. All operations are carried out in a fully continuous way, and are executed within a very short time, about 10 minutes.The results obtained by this system are in good agreement with those by the conventional method. The system is useful in various fields such as the analysis of fiber manufacturing processes, the evaluation of textile machines, etc.
Mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) in support of tandem cycles of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC)

We evaluated the efficacy, toxicity and feasibility of two cycles of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC), each supported with mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC). Ninety-six patients with metastatic or high-risk cancers received disease-specific HDC regimens. The first cycle consisted of cyclophosphamide 6000 mg/m2, thiotepa 500 mg/m2 and carboplatin 1200 mg/m2. Alternatively, some patients received etoposide 1800 mg/m2 substituted for thiotepa. A second cycle was planned 6-8 weeks later and consisted of mitoxantrone 60 mg/m2 with either melphalan 140 mg/m2 or thiotepa 600 mg/m2. PBPC were mobilized with either growth factor alone or cyclophosphamide followed by growth factor(s). Thirty-four of 96 enrolled patients (35%) did not receive the second cycle. The reasons were: patient refusal (15); insurance refusal (three); toxicities of cycle 1 (seven); no response to cycle 1 (four); and inadequate mobilization or poor engraftment, (five). Of the 33 patients who entered cycle 2 with measurable disease, 28 demonstrated further response after cycle 2 (including 10 who entered CR). One patient died of toxicity after each cycle. Hematologic recovery was rapid and complete in most patients. Tandem cycles of high-dose chemotherapy supported by PBPC are feasible and safe, although many patients fail to receive the second treatment. Preliminary evaluation shows evidence of further antitumor efficacy following cycle 2.
Electroneutral NaCl transport by distal tubule: evidence for Na+/H+-Cl-/HCO3- exchange.

The mechanisms, of electrolyte transport by isolated and perfused late distal tubules of the salamander, Amphiuma, were investigated by electrophysiological and transport techniques. The tubules absorbed Na+, HCO3-, and Cl- but not K+. The transepithelial voltage (VT) was not different from zero. Amiloride (10(-3) M) in the perfusion fluid reduced sodium absorption by 43% and HCO3- absorption by 49% without changing VT. This and previous data are consistent with the presence of a Na+/H+ antiporter in the apical membrane. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, 10(-4) M) in the perfusion fluid inhibited Na+ absorption by 48% but had no effect on HCO3- absorption or VT. Thus HCTZ reduced NaCl absorption. Intracellular microelectrode techniques were used to examine the cellular mechanisms of ion transport and sites of action of amiloride and HCTZ. Two cell types were identified by their electrophysiological properties. Neither amiloride nor HCTZ appreciably altered the electrical properties of cell type I, a cell previou...
Language Learning Impairment in Sequential Bilingual Children.

We review and synthesize empirical evidence at the intersection of two populations: children with language learning impairment (LLI) and children from immigrant families who learn a single language from birth and a second language beginning in early childhood. LLI is a high incidence disorder that, in recent years, has been referred to by researchers and clinical educators as specific language impairment (SLI), primary language impairment (PLI), developmental language disorder or language disorder not otherwise specified. Over the past two decades, significant international attention has been directed at the LLI-sequential bilingual learner interface. Researchers have developed linguistic profiles of children with LLI who are learning different language pairs, investigated the diagnostic accuracy of various measures and, more recently, examined the relative efficacy of different treatment protocols. Participants in these studies range in age from 3 to 12 years. A main goal of this review is to relate available evidence to key theoretical and pedagogical issues. An additional aim is to indicate main areas of need for future research.
Ifosfamide in small cell lung cancer.

Carboplatin, a new cisplatin analogue, appears as active as cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer, but in phase I and II trials has proven significantly less toxic. In single-agent phase II trials, carboplatin has been associated with clinical complete response (CR) rates of up to 13% and overall objective response rates of up to 32% in patients with prior cisplatin exposure. As first-line treatment in phase II trials, single-agent carboplatin has produced clinical CR rates ranging from 9% to 62% and overall objective response rates of 45% to 85%. In phase III trials in this patient population, single-agent carboplatin has been associated with clinical CR rates comparable with or exceeding those of single-agent cisplatin. Phase I/II trials of combination chemotherapy have yielded overall objective response rates of 44% to 75% when carboplatin was combined with either cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil. In randomized phase III trials of combination chemotherapy, response rates similar to those of cisplatin have been achieved. However, toxicities were greatly reduced in the carboplatin-treated patients. The data from these phase I, II, and III trials document that carboplatin is as active as cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and is associated with a significantly lower incidence of emesis, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and renal dysfunction. Thus, carboplatin may become the platinum compound of choice in the first-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
Spontaneous pregnancy in women awaiting oocyte donation.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate of spontaneous pregnancy in women awaiting oocyte donation. STUDY DESIGN Two hundred women with histories of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (follicle-stimulating hormone > 60 mIU/mL, estradiol < 20 pg/mL) were evaluated for oocyte donation. RESULTS While awaiting gamete donation, five women (2.5% of patients monitored) spontaneously conceived. Their ages ranged from 32 to 42 years (mean, 37.0 +/- 5.0) (mean +/- SD). Conceptions occurred 5.0 +/- 2.6 years (range, two to eight) from their original diagnosis, while they were using hormone replacement therapy. Four of the five pregnancies continued uneventfully, and one patient spontaneously aborted. Subsequently all women demonstrated elevated serum gonadotropins and amenorrhea. CONCLUSION Patients with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism may spontaneously conceive while awaiting oocyte donation.
Optimization of symmetric zero-gap directional couplers for large switch-array applications

Integrated optic switch arrays require development of compact, efficient, easy to fabricate 2×2 switches. This paper describes the optimization of such individual switches from which a large (more than 4×4) array could be formed.
Detection of bowel inflammation with fused DWI/T2 images versus contrast-enhanced images in pediatric MR enterography with histopathologic correlation.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the fused, colorized diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and anatomic T2 images compared to routine contrast-enhanced T1 images at pediatric magnetic resonance enterography (MRE). Methods Fused, colorized DWI/T2 images were created from patients with magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and colonoscopy/biopsy. Radiologists noted inflammation in five bowel segments (terminal ileum–rectosigmoid colon) on postcontrast images and DWI/T2 images. Test characteristics and agreement were calculated. Results For 20 patients, sensitivity/specificity/positive predictive value (PPV)/negative predictive value (NPV) were 0.53/0.90/0.77/0.76 for DWI/T2 and 0.45/0.90/0.72/0.73 for postcontrast images. Intraobserver agreement was ҡ=0.45–0.73. Interobserver agreement was ҡ=0.53 for DWI/T2 and ҡ=0.63 for postcontrast images. Conclusion DWI/T2 images are similar in sensitivity/specificity to contrast-enhanced images and with moderate intra/interobserver reliability.
How to make a cocktail

Although targeted therapies have significantly improved outcomes for patients across a number of cancer types, primary and acquired resistance remain considerable challenges. To inhibit resistance, the development of combination drug approaches cotargeting bypass and crosstalk signaling pathways may
The implications of Chinese strategic culture and counter-intervention upon Department of Defense space deterrence operations

ABSTRACTThe People's Republic of China (PRC) and its rapidly evolving space forces are viewed to be one of the principal threats to the United States' national security space infrastructure and the U.S. capability for timely force projection in the Pacific Theater. This view, especially since the 2007 kinetic anti-satellite (ASAT) weapons test, added emphasis to the Space Posture Review of 2010 and the Department of Defense's quest for deterrence as a means to secure the sanctuary of space from weaponization. This article will examine the strategic culture of the PRC and how it impacts the space deterrence philosophies of both the PRC and the U.S. Department of Defense.
Artists and records: moving history and memory

AbstractOver the past several decades the archival turn in contemporary art practice has produced a panoply of visual, performance and literary art works that activate the archives. Artists working within this turn often employ critical-aesthetic strategies to records in order to reconsider historical narratives, expose missing or silenced voices, interrogate modes of representation, or investigate relations between official and personal memory through art-making processes and works. Other artists combine these strategies with socially and community-engaged practices, as did poet Kaia Sand and interdisciplinary artist Garrick Imatani, who were artists-in-residence at the City of Portland Archives and Records Center in Portland, Oregon from 2013 to 2015. This paper explores how Sand and Imatani affectively engaged history and memory with a collection of police surveillance records, transforming records of control into works of art that commemorate the lives and work of activists. Employing interdisciplinar...
Early Stages of Sea-Level Rise Lead To Decreased Salt Marsh Plant Diversity through Stronger Competition in Mediterranean-Climate Marshes

Climate change shuffles species ranges and creates novel interactions that may either buffer communities against climate change or exacerbate its effect. For instance, facilitation can become more prevalent in salt marshes under stressful conditions while competition is stronger in benign environments. Sea-level rise (SLR) is a consequence of climate change that affects the distribution of stress from inundation and salinity. To determine how interactions early in SLR are affected by changes in these two stressors in Mediterranean-climate marshes, we transplanted marsh turfs to lower elevations to simulate SLR and manipulated cover of the dominant plant species, Salicornia pacifica (formerly Salicornia virginica). We found that both S. pacifica and the subordinate species were affected by inundation treatments, and that subordinate species cover and diversity were lower at low elevations in the presence of S. pacifica than when it was removed. These results suggest that the competitive effect of S. pacifica on other plants is stronger at lower tidal elevations where we also found that salinity is reduced. As sea levels rise, stronger competition by the dominant plant will likely reduce diversity and cover of subordinate species, suggesting that stronger species interactions will exacerbate the effects of climate change on the plant community.
Abstract 489: The Role of Hemodynamics in Modulating p120 and Kaiso Expression and Activity in Atherogenesis

Introduction. The generation of atherosclerosis has been shown to be a non-random process, with endothelial cells (ECs) in regions of disturbed hemodynamics developing an atheroprone (pro-inflammatory) phenotype. While a great deal of research has focused on hemodynamic regulation of EC phenotype, the mechanisms that mediate ECs’ response to local shear stress environment remain elusive. p120-catenin (p120) and its transcription factor binding partner Kaiso are expressed in ECs and possess a variety of functions that potentially contribute to the hemodynamic regulation of EC phenotype in atherosclerosis. Specifically, p120 has been shown to regulate adherens junction stability and regulate gene transcription through interaction with Kaiso. Hypothesis. We hypothesize hemodynamic forces modulate the activity of p120 and Kaiso in a manner that alters local endothelial susceptibility to atherogenesis. Methods. Atheroprone/protective hemodynamic profiles obtained by human carotid artery imaging were applied to human ECs in vitro . Protein/gene expression was then analyzed by Western blot, RT-PCR, and imaging. To determine Kaiso-dependent regulation of target gene expression, siRNAs were used to knockdown Kaiso expression. For in vivo validation, vasculature from Apolipoprotein E -/- mice was isolated, fixed, and stained. Results. In vitro, atheroprotective flow upregulates p120 expression and increases its junctional continuity and nuclear accumulation. There is a flow-dependent increase in Kaiso expression over time in both flow conditions, but p120/Kaiso interaction is increased under atheroprone flow. Kaiso knockdown under protective flow results in decreased expression of the anti-inflammatory genes eNOS (0.49 fold) and KLF2 (0.68 fold) and increased expression of the inflammatory marker VCAM (1.44 fold), suggesting a previously unknown anti-atherogenic function of Kaiso. In preliminary mouse studies, Kaiso is expressed in ECs overlying both healthy and diseased regions, as well as being highly expressed within the lesions. Conclusions. p120 and Kaiso expression are regulated in a flow-dependent manner and are potentially a mechanism by which hemodynamics modulate susceptibility to atherogenesis.
The Poisoned Pediatric Patient

1. Michael S. Toce, MD, MS* 2. Michele M. Burns, MD, MPH*,† 1. *Harvard Medical Toxicology Program and 2. †Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA * Abbreviations: AGMA: : anion gap metabolic acidosis ALT: : alanine aminotransferase APAP: : acetaminophen ASA: : acetylsalicylic acid AST: : aspartate aminotransferase Cl-: : chloride ECG: : electrocardiogram GI: : gastrointestinal GSH: : glutathione HCO3−: : bicarbonate IV: : intravenous K+: : potassium NAC: : N-acetylcysteine NAPQI: : N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine NPDS: : National Poison Data System PO: : oral Poisonings remain a frequent source of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric age group. All pediatricians, whether in training or in practice, encounter these patients, yet toxicologic training is lacking in most pediatric residencies. After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Understand the epidemiology of pediatric poisonings and explain how developmental milestones influence behavior that may lead to a poisoning exposure. 2. Perform a focused toxicologic physical examination and describe the various toxidromes. 3. Explain the primary acid-base disturbance in salicylate toxicity. 4. Determine which patient requires treatment after acute acetaminophen ingestion. 5. Provide the differential diagnosis of an anion gap metabolic acidosis. 6. Identify which drugs can lead to QRS and QTc prolongation and the treatment for each abnormality. 7. Describe the toxicologic differential diagnosis for hypoglycemia and explain the physiologic reasons why pediatric patients are at increased risk for complications. This review focuses on the epidemiology and initial evaluation and treatment of the poisoned pediatric patient. We emphasize the diagnosis and treatment of acetaminophen and aspirin toxicity, identifying and treating prolonged QRS/QTc, and developing a differential diagnosis for an anion gap metabolic acidosis (AGMA) and hypoglycemia (Table 1). View this table: Table 1. Introduction to the Poisoned Patient Pediatric exposures and poisonings continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. According to the 2014 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’ National Poison Data System (NPDS), 1,326,789 toxic exposures occurred in children younger than age 20 years in 2014, representing 1,595 exposures per 100,000 …
Inducing Conceptual Embedding Spaces from Wikipedia

The word2vec word vector representations are one of the most well-known new semantic resources to appear in recent years. While large sets of pre-trained vectors are available, these focus on frequent words and multi-word expressions but lack sufficient coverage of named entities. Moreover, Google only released pre-trained vectors for English. In this paper, we explore an automatic expansion of Google's pre-trained vectors using Wikipedia, adding millions of concepts and named entities in over 270 languages. Our method enables all of these to reside in the same vector space, thus flexibly facilitating cross-lingual semantic applications.
Chronic Helicobacter cinaedi cellulitis diagnosed by microbial polymerase chain reaction

Author(s): Matsumoto, Andrew; Yeh, Iwei; Schwartz, Brian; Rosenblum, Michael; Schmidt, Timothy H
Synthesis of hexavalent molybdenum formo- and aceto-hydroxamates and deferoxamine via liquid-liquid metal partitioning

Abstract We report a new method of crystal growth and synthesis based on liquid-liquid partitioning that allows for isolation and in-depth characterization of molybdenyl bis(formohydroxamate), Mo-FHA, molybdenyl bis(acetohydroxamate), Mo-AHA, and molybdenyl deferoxamine, Mo-DFO, for the first time. This novel approach affords shorter crystal growth time (hourly timeframe) without sacrificing crystal size or integrity when other methods of crystallization were unsuccessful. All three Mo complexes are characterized in solution via FTIR, NMR, UV–vis, and EXAFS spectroscopy. Mo-AHA and Mo-FHA structures are resolved by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Using the molybdenyl hydroxamate structural information, the speciation of Mo in a siderophore complex (Mo-DFO) is determined via complimentary spectroscopic methods and confirmed by DFT calculations. ESI-MS verifies that a complex of 1:1 molybdenum to deferoxamine is present in solution. Additionally, the Mo solution speciation in the precursor organic phase, MoO2(NO3)2HEH[EHP]2 (where HEH[EHP] is 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester), is characterized by FTIR and EXAFS spectroscopy as well as DFT calculations.
Herbals and cancer.

By some recent estimates up to 30% of Americans routinely use some form of dietary supplement. In attempts to comply with government and public health messages about the health benefits of including fruits and vegetables in the diet many interpret this to include the use of vitamins, herbals, and other dietary supplements in addition to, or, as a substitute for fruits and vegetables. The use of herbal and botanical supplements has been meteoric, with sales approaching $4 billion in 1999. Gingko, St. John’s Wort, ginseng, garlic, echinacea, and saw palmetto are among the most popular herbs used in this country (1). While they may be consumed with the hopes of improving memory, combating depression, stimulating the immune system, and a plethora of other health benefits, it is increasingly likely that some herbal and botanical products may also have cancer preventive activities, as well. It is also estimated that as many as 1 in 2 cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in addition to, or following the failure of standard therapy (2).
Chronic constipation in adults. How far should evaluation and treatment go

PreviewConstipation needs to be evaluated in all patients who complain of infrequent or difficult bowel movements. Dr Marshall outlines the diagnostic effort that should be expended, depending on the patient's age, duration and severity of constipation, and presence of concomitant symptoms, and offers advice on treating constipation that is primarily functional.
The Matrix Method for the Analyses of Metal-Forming Processes

A numerical technique for the analyses of metal-forming processes is described. This technique, called the “matrix method”, uses the finite-element approximation and is based on the rigid-plastic behavior of materials. The method is capable of obtaining solutions for non-steady-state as well as for steady-state processes. Results are obtained for the plane-stress problems of bore expanding and flange drawing. Both normal and planar anisotropies are incorporated in the calculations. The method is also applied to the non-steady-state axisymmetric problems of compression and heading of circular cylinders and to steady-state axisymmetric extrusion. Detailed results are obtained in each case in terms of stress and strain distributions, deformation patterns, rigid-plastic boundaries and load-displacement curves. In selected cases, the computed solutions are compared with the experimental results, showing an excellent agreement between the two. Especially noteworthy are the predictions of double-bulge formation in compression of tall cylinders, and of the double-peak grid distortion in extrusion.
Imaging the breast treated by segmental mastectomy and irradiation.

With widespread acceptance of screening mammography, breast imaging has become an integral part of health care for women. The resulting diagnosis of earlier stage carcinomas has permitted breast sparing surgical procedures to be an option elected by many. In our institution, over 75% of eligible patients choose this alternative.
Assessment of myocardial defect detectability with PET-CT

98 Objectives Typically, lesion detectability pertains to hot lesions. This work assesses detectability of cold lesions (perfusion defects) in the myocardium under different scenarios of noise levels and realistic activity distributions. Methods We performed a series of phantom experiments on a PET-CT scanner using an anthropomorphic torso phantom with cardiac insert(myocardium wall with defect and cavity), lungs, liver, spine, and soft tissue compartments. Noise-free data sets were acquired for each compartment separately, by filling it with 18F solution and filling all other compartments with cold water. The phantom was repositioned in an identical manner in the scanner hence allowing to generate a family of activity distributions by scaling and combining the activity maps associated with each compartment. The “normal” activity distribution and total number of detected coincidences were based on a 18F myocardial blood flow PET scan of a normal subject. Based on the normal distribution, activity in one compartment was changed for each condition (defect severity).The combined sinograms were then scaled to yield a total 20 million counts in the background. 64 noise realizations were generated for each activity distribution. The images were reconstructed using FBP, OP-OSEM (2it,8ss), and PSF-OSEM (2it,8ss), while incorporating attenuation and scatter corrections. Myocardial defect detectability was assessed using channelized Hotelling observer (CHO). Results CHO detection SNR for FBP, OP-OSEM, and PSF-OSEM were plotted versus the total counts, defect/myocardium, liver/background, and lung/background concentration ratios. SNR increased with increasing the total number of counts and defect/myocardium contrast. SNR was found to be insensitive to lung/background and liver/background concentration ratios. PSF yielded the highest SNR while FBP yielded the lowest. Conclusions SNR detection studies of cold lesions can allow to optimize the scan parameters (injected dose, study duration, etc) for novel 18F myocardial perfusion studies. Research Support Research supported by NIH (R01-HL110241 and T32-EB013180).
Toward Multiperiod AC-Based Contingency Constrained Optimal Power Flow at Large Scale

This work presents a scaling study of a parallel nonlinear, nonconvex optimization approach applied to a multiperiod contingency constrained alternating current optimal power flow. We propose a “variable duplication” model for efficient parallelization of the numerical optimization on massively parallel HPC hardware. The model is expressed as a two-stage nonlinear programming problem, where the first stage captures time-dependent constraints and the second stage reflects the system changes in response to contingencies. The parallel interior-point optimization solver for nonlinear programming (PIPS-NLP) enables us to leverage the dual-block angular structure specific to the formulation by applying the Schur complement for efficient parallelization of the linear solves. The Julia modelling package StructJuMP, allows us to compactly and conveniently express the model's algebraic components. StructJuMP uses automatic differentiation to provide the first-and second-order derivatives to PIPS-NLP. Aiming at a strategy for computations at petascale, numerical experiments conducted on Theta, an Intel KNL-based system at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility are presented.
Spontaneous renal artery dissection associated with sexual intercourse: a case report

Spontaneous renal artery dissection is a rare cause of renal infarction and can be a diagnostic challenge at times, necessitating high index of suspicion. Other common underlying causes, especially thromboembolic phenomena, need to be considered and investigated first before making this uncommon diagnosis with vascular imaging studies. Very few cases did report strenuous exercise as a predisposing factor for the development of spontaneous renal artery dissection, but we believe that sexual intercourse has not been reported before as an underlying precipitating etiology. We report a case of a young male who presented with renal infarction that started during sexual intercourse and was found to have an angiographically proven renal artery dissection.
Analysis of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) on impact and trend of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in upper urinary tract urothelial cancer.

408Background: Five year cancer specific survival rate is between 12- 70% for pT2 and higher UUTUC tumors. Adjuvant platinum based therapies have proven to improve Overall survival (OS) in observat...
Gender Disparity in Cystectomy Postoperative Outcomes: Propensity Score Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database

Abstract Background While female gender is considered a protective determinant in the majority of cancers, outcomes in women diagnosed with bladder cancer have continued to show disproportional mortality when compared with men. Objective The aim of this retrospective propensity score-matched analysis was to evaluate the intra- and postoperative differences among genders, as well as to evaluate reproductive organ-preserving radical cystectomy (ROPRC) as compared with radical cystectomy (RC) as a potential confounder in female cystectomy patients. Design, setting, and participants Utilizing the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP), men and women undergoing a cystectomy between 2011 and 2017 were analyzed. In addition, females undergoing ROPRC and RC were analyzed for immediate postoperative outcomes. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis Men and women undergoing a cystectomy were evaluated through propensity score matching (PSM) for baseline differences using a 1:1 caliper width of 0.2 to the nearest neighbor. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, we evaluated differences in the risk of readmission, complications, and reoperation in the immediate postsurgical period in males and females. Similarly, differences were assessed in ROPRC and RC groups. Results and limitations We achieved a balance between males and females after PSM: 1263 males and 1263 females treated with cystectomy. The risks of readmission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.228 [1.005–1.510], p = 0.045), superficial surgical site infection (aOR 1.507 [1.095–2.086], p = 0.012), and transfusion (aOR 2.031 [1.713–2.411], p Conclusions Using the 2011–2017 NSQIP database, we were able to demonstrate an increased rate of postoperative transfusion, readmission rate, and surgical site infection in females who underwent cystectomy. Our findings suggest that females experience an increased rate of complications in the immediate postoperative period. This may ultimately lead to worse oncologic outcomes in females after an RC. Lastly, we did not find any increased rate of complications in ROPRC as compared with RC. Patient summary This study highlights differences in immediate postoperative outcomes between males and females undergoing cystectomy for bladder cancer. Some of these potential differences include higher risk of infection, transfusion, and readmission. These differences may predispose females to worse long-term outcomes. In addition, due to potential benefits of ovarian preservation in the recent literature, we also evaluated the risks and complications of ovarian sparing cystectomy. We found ovarian preservation to be a safe and feasible procedure in a highly selected group of patients.
Patterns of prescription opioid use before total hip and knee replacement among US Medicare enrollees.

Summary Objective To examine patterns of prescription opioid use before total joint replacement (TJR) and factors associated with continuous use of opioids before TJR. Design We conducted an observational cohort study among Medicare enrollees aged ≥65 years who underwent TJR between 2010 and 2014. Preoperative opioid use was defined as having any opioid prescription in the 12-month period before TJR. Patients who had an opioid prescription every month for a 12-month period were defined as continuous users. We examined patients' demographics, pain-related conditions, medication use, other comorbidities, healthcare utilization and their association with use of opioids before TJR. Results A total of 473,781 patients underwent TJR:,155,516 THR and 318,265 TKR. Among the total cohort, 60.2% patients had any use of opioids and of those, 12.4% used opioids at least once a month continuously over the 12-month baseline period. Correlates of continuous opioid use included African American race (OR = 2.14, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 2.01–2.28, compared to White patients), history of drug abuse (OR = 5.18, 95% CI = 3.95–6.79) and back pain (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 2.24–2.39). Conclusions In this large cohort of patients undergoing TJR, over 60% ever used opioids and 12.4% of them continuously used opioids in the 12-month prior to surgery. Utilization of opioids became more frequent and high-dosed near the surgery. History of drug abuse, back pain, and African American race were strongly associated with continuous use of opioids preoperatively. Further research is needed to determine short-term and long-term risks of preoperative use of opioids in TJR patients and to optimize pre- and post-TJR pain management of patients with arthritis.
Reduction of IgE antibody binding to rDer p 2 variants generated by site-directed mutagenesis.

Our studies have focused on the 14 kD Group 2 allergens of D. pteronyssinus which are potent immunogens and elicit humoral and cellular responses in 80–90% of mite allergic individuals. Previous studies have shown that the B cell epitopes are heat and pH resistant, but are destroyed upon reduction and alkylation, suggesting that these determinants are dependent on the tertiary structure of the protein (1). This conclusion is supported by studies that showed a low prevalence of IgE Ab binding to polypeptide fragments produced from truncated Der p 2 cDNA (2,3).Synthetic peptides spanning the entire Der p 2 sequence have also been used to map Ab binding regions, however, only one peptide, amino acids 65–78, retained IgE Ab binding, confirming that the majority of epitopes are conformational (4). Taken together, these studies suggested that an alternative approach was required to further map the conformational determinants on Group 2 allergens.