cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CONCRETENESS, IMAGERY, COMPREHENSIBILITY, AND COMPLEXITY RATINGS FOR TECHNICAL VOCABULARY

Mean ratings and standard errors of ratings were obtained on four stimulus attributes of the meanings of 138 low-frequency relatively technical words. A group of 34 undergraduates rated the concreteness, imagery, comprehensibility, and complexity of the items. A second group of 22 undergraduates rated imagery, comprehensibility, and complexity. Within- and between-groups' measures of reliabilities exceeded .79. Test-retest reliabilities for a subsample of 25 items indicated negligible confounding of attributes ratings from rating other attributes in the same sitting. Imagery correlated highly (.714) with concreteness and comprehensibility (.743). Complexity was highly negatively correlated with comprehensibility (−.675) and moderately negatively correlated with imagery (−.408). Patterns of relationships among the variables were similar to those described by Paivio, et al. (1968) for familiar nouns and extend the documented viability of those relationships and the dual coding position to the more complex a...
Addendum: Description and some aspects of control of temperature fluctuations in catalytic wires and gauzes

Abstract A model for the description and control of temperature fluctuations (flickering) in catalytic wires and gauzes is developed in this paper. The model is based on stochastic differential equations and experiments to test the model are proposed. A number of stochastic control problems for the control of flickering are formulated and two of the simplest ones (parameter optimizations) are solved.
A comparative analysis of coastal and shelf-slope copepod communities in the northern California Current system: Synchronized response to large-scale forcing?

The synchrony between coastal and shelf-slope copepod communities was investigated in the northern California Current (NCC) system, a strong upwelling zone, using time series of zooplankton sampled from a nearshore station (9 km offshore, water depth 62 m) and a shelf-slope station (46 km offshore, water depth 297 m). Long-term trends and seasonal changes were constructed for the dissimilarity index (Euclidean distance) between the two stations and for the biomass of three different copepod assemblages at the two stations: cold neritic, southern, and warm neritic copepods. The dissimilarity between the community structures of the two stations showed little variation in the long-term trend, but exhibited a clear seasonal pattern. All three copepod assemblages showed similar long-term trends in relation to the large-scale forcing as indexed by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation at both stations, but variations in the long-term trend at the nearshore station were much higher than the offshore station. Most copepod groups exhibited regular seasonal patterns at both stations except southern copepods at the nearshore station. All three copepod assemblages exhibited more pronounced seasonal fluctuations at the nearshore station compared with the slope station, and this difference is likely driven by higher productivity nearshore fueled by nutrient-enriched upwelled water. Copepods in the inshore and offshore waters in the NCC ecosystem showed synchronized response to the large-scale variability in physical forcing and copepods in the coastal waters were more responsive to local perturbations than were those in the slope waters.
District Officials' Assumptions about Teacher Learning and Change: Hindering Factors to Curriculum Reform Implementation in South Africa

This paper intends to shed light on the issue of non-implementation of new curriculum reforms by exploring how district officials’ understandings of teacher learning and change process can shape the outcomes of the curriculum implementation. This will be done by examining the officials’ assumptions about teacher learning and change, their source and impact in the reform implementation process in a district in South Africa. The paper argues that district officials’ assumptions influence the nature of the support they give teachers, for they become the lenses for viewing and engaging with teachers. These assumptions, the paper shows, also contribute to shaping the reform implementation or non-implementation process. In conclusion, it is recommended that officials enhance their communication channels and work rapport with teachers as these will facilitate their understanding of the various issues confronting teaching and impacting reform implementation.
Dedication of the Rutgers Library

Marchand recounts the official Dedication ceremonies took place on November 16 and 17, 1956.
CIDEP during the photolysis of di-tert.butyl ketone

Abstract The CIDEP of tert.butyl radicals during photolysis of di-tert.butyl ketone is analysed. Triplet and radical pair mechanism induce enhanced absorption and an E/A multiplet effect at the initiation stage. The F-pair polarization reflects S—T o and S—T + mixing due to a solvent dependent indirect exchange interaction with J > 0.
Pterosaur Stance and Gait and the Interpretation of Trackways

The tracks ascribed to pterosaurs from the Late Jurassic limestones at Crayssac, France, must be pterosaurian because the manus prints are so far outside those of the pes, the pes print is four times longer than wide, and the manus prints appear to preserve distinct traces of a posteromedially directed wing-finger. These tracks are different in important ways from previously described Pteraichnus trackways, which have been variably considered pterosaurian, crocodilian, or indeterminate. No Pteraichnus (sensu stricto: those not from Crayssac) tracks have diagnostic features of pterosaurs and in none can a complete phalangeal or digital formula be reconstructed; however, all published Pteraichnidae tracks fulfill the criteria of poor preservation, and some have some diagnostic features of crocodile tracks. Reconstructions of pterosaurs walking in pteraichnid tracks do not fit those tracks well, but crocodiles do. In contrast, the Crayssac tracks demonstrate the erect stance and parasagittal gait previously ...
Evaluation of warfarin resistance using transcription activator-like effector nucleases-mediated vitamin K epoxide reductase knockout HEK293 cells.

Summary Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) gene have been successfully used for warfarin dosage prediction. However, warfarin resistance studies of naturally occurring VKOR mutants do not correlate with their clinical phenotype. This discrepancy presumably arises because the in vitro VKOR activity assay is performed under artificial conditions using the non-physiological reductant dithiothreitol. Objectives The aim of this study is to establish an in vivo VKOR activity assay in mammalian cells (HEK293) where VKOR functions in its native milieu without interference from endogenous enzymes. Methods Endogenous VKOR activity in HEK293 cells was knocked out by transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs)-mediated genome editing. Results and Conclusions Knockout of VKOR in HEK293 cells significantly decreased vitamin K-dependent carboxylation with vitamin K epoxide (KO) as substrate. However, the paralog of VKOR, VKORC1L1, also exhibits substantial ability to convert KO to vitamin K for carboxylation. Using both VKOR and VKORC1L1 knockout cells, we examined the enzymatic activity and warfarin resistance of 10 naturally occurring VKOR mutants that were reported previously to have no activity in an in vitro assay. All 10 mutants are fully active; five have increased warfarin resistance, with the order being W59R>L128R≈W59L>N77S≈S52L. Except for the L128R mutant, this order is consistent with the clinical anticoagulant dosages. The other five VKOR mutants do not change VKOR's warfarin sensitivity, suggesting that factors other than VKOR play important roles. In addition, we confirmed that the conserved loop cysteines in VKOR are not required for active site regeneration after each cycle of oxidation.
On the relation between insolation and climatological variables—IV. Construction of a model year of solar intensity and climate

Abstract Proper design and sizing of a solar energy heating and/or cooling system involves an assessment of the local availability of solar energy and its relationship to local climate. A study is made of availability of solar energy at Fort Hood, Texas for the period 1961–1969. Hourly values of climatological variables were obtained from the National Climatic Center. These are combined with correlations of solar intensity with cloud cover and visibility to obtain hourly estimates of total insolation and normal incidence solar intensity. Monthly totals are calculated for each of the 108 months in 1961–1969, and average monthly solar intensities are obtained. For each month of the year, the month in the 1961–1969 period that most closely approximated the average solar intensities, as well as the average heating and cooling degree-days, is chosen to prepare an average model year. This average has hourly values of solar intensities as well as climatological variables. Hourly models are also prepared for the worst winter and summer months in the period. Finally, a study is made of correlations of solar availability with degree-days. It is found that there is very little correlation in winter, but in summer sunny days are highly correlated with hot days.
Long deletions of the Williams syndrome region on chromosome 7 result in more severe mental retardation

Williams syndrome (WS) is characterized by dysmorphic facial features, mental retardation, elastin arteriopathy, a specific cognitive profile, and a unique personality. It is caused by a ∼ 1.5 Mb deletion in chromosome 7ql1.23, bounded by markers D7S1778 and D7S489A. We report four individuals with WS who have longer deletions in the telomeric direction. The individuals with longer deletions had the classic WS phenotype, but had more severe mental retardation than those with the common WS deletion. The mean (Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test) IQ for 47 individuals with WS (age range 5 years - 47 years) with the classic deletion was 71.13 (SD=14.02), while the mean IQ for those with longer deletions was 47.0 (SD=5.48). the difference between the two groups was significant, t=3.39 (p=.001). These findings suggest that gene(s) telomeric to the classic WS region may play an important role in normal cognitive development.
Pluronics' influence on pseudomonad biofilm and phenazine production

Colonization of roots by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 (PcO6) involves root surface coverage through surface motility and biofilm formation. Root colonization and the production of antifungal phenazines are important in the ability of the bacterium to protect plants against pathogens. In this in vitro study we report that both biofilm formation and phenazine production are differentially influenced by nutrition and the presence of polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide triblock copolymer surfactants (Pluronics). Such surfactants are used for many purposes including agricultural formulations. Four Pluronics differing in molecular weight and in hydrophobic/hydrophilic proportions had distinct effects on biofilm formation and secondary metabolite production, although each increased surface motility, termed swarming, to a similar extent. These findings show that Pluronics had specific metabolic impacts on the bacterium, where both up- and downregulation was achieved depending on the medium and the Pluronic composition. In environmental and agricultural settings, Pluronics may have unanticipated effects on soil microorganisms, while in bioprocessing these effects may be leveraged to regulate metabolite yield.
A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION OF MOTHERS’ AND FATHERS’ INITIAL FATHERING IDENTITIES AND LATER FATHER-CHILD RELATIONSHIP QUALITY

Children benefit from high quality relationships with their fathers in a number of ways. However, little is known about the origins of father-child relationships. Here, identity theory and data from the Fragile Families dataset are used to investigate associations between mothers’ and fathers’ fathering identities at the time of the child’s birth and nine years later, and the father-child relationship as reported by children at age nine. Neither mothers’ nor fathers’ role identity standards at birth were associated with father-child relationship quality, but greater father status centrality and not having considered abortion were associated with better father-child relationships. The association between abortion consideration and relationship quality was mediated by whether parents were romantically involved at Year 9. Implications for theory, policy, and practice are discussed.
Subgraph-preconditioned conjugate gradients for large scale SLAM

In this paper we propose an efficient preconditioned conjugate gradients (PCG) approach to solving large-scale SLAM problems. While direct methods, popular in the literature, exhibit quadratic convergence and can be quite efficient for sparse problems, they typically require a lot of storage and efficient elimination orderings to be found. In contrast, iterative optimization methods only require access to the gradient and have a small memory footprint, but can suffer from poor convergence. Our new method, subgraph preconditioning, is obtained by re-interpreting the method of conjugate gradients in terms of the graphical model representation of the SLAM problem. The main idea is to combine the advantages of direct and iterative methods, by identifying a sub-problem that can be easily solved using direct methods, and solving for the remaining part using PCG. The easy sub-problems correspond to a spanning tree, a planar subgraph, or any other substructure that can be efficiently solved. As such, our approach provides new insights into the performance of state of the art iterative SLAM methods based on re-parameterized stochastic gradient descent. The efficiency of our new algorithm is illustrated on large datasets, both simulated and real.
Blowing the whistle: A pharmacist’s vexing experience unraveled

On February 6, 2005, the New York Times reported that Paul Kornak pled guilty to fraud and criminally negligent homicide a month earlier.[1][1] Kornak was a nonphysician employee at the Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center (SVAMC) in Albany, New York. On November 21, 2005, a federal judge
An algebraic study of BIB designs: A complete solution for v = 6 and k = 3☆

Abstract The set of all distinct blocks of a BIB design is referred to as the support of the design. The family of BIB designs with v = 6 and k = 3 is studied in depth from the view of possible support sizes. Via a linear algebraic technique it is shown that: (i) a BIB design with v = 6 and k = 3 exists if and only if the support size belongs to {10, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}; (ii) the minimum block size, b, needed to obtain a BIB design with support size b ∗ is given by: b ∗ 10 14 16 17 18 19 20 b 10 20 20 30 40 30 20 (iii) if, for a given b, a BIB design for v = 6 and k = 3 with support size b ∗ exists, then we can construct a BIB design with support size b ∗ and any larger admissible b.
Independent control of drop size and velocity in microfluidic flow-focusing generators using variable temperature and flow rate

This paper describes a method to control the volume and the velocity of drops generated in a flow-focusing device dynamically and independently. This method involves simultaneous tuning of the temperature of the nozzle of the device and of the flow rate of the continuous phase; the method requires a continuous phase liquid that has a viscosity that varies steeply with temperature. Increasing the temperature of the flow-focusing nozzle from 0 to 80 °C increased the volume of the drops by almost 2 orders of magnitude. Tuning both the temperature and the flow rate controlled the drop volume and the drop velocity independently; this feature is not possible in a basic flow-focusing device. This paper also demonstrates a procedure for identifying the range of possible drop volumes and drop velocities for a given flow-focusing device and shows how to generate drops with a specified volume and velocity within this range. This method is easy to implement in on-chip applications where thermal management is already ...
Characterization of T cell responses in peanut-allergic patients by polychromatic flow cytometry

Abstract Rationale Antigen-specific effector T cells from allergic individuals are rare. Others have reported the use of CFSE to identify antigen-specific lymphocytes. We sought to characterize the phenotype of antigen-responsive CD4 T cells in peanut-allergic individuals. Methods Challenge-proven peanut allergy patients were recruited. PBMC were CFSE-labeled at a range of concentrations. Following culture, cells were stimulated with low (5 ng/250ng) or high (50 ng/1ug) concentrations of PMA and calcium ionophore. Cells were stained with ethidium monazide bromide, then fixed, permeabilized and stained for flow cytometry. Results CFSE titration experiments revealed substantial suppression of lymphocyte responses to both antigen and mitogen in a dose-dependent manner. Low PMA/calcium ionophore stimulation was optimum for the detection of cytokine with minimum cell death. The ability to incorporate the live/dead cell discriminator, EMA, significantly improved the measurement of proliferation and intracellular cytokine (particularly IL-4). There was a consistent two-to-four fold increase in percent of IL-4+CD3+CD4+ over spontaneous levels in response to peanut antigen. In contrast, non-peanut allergic individuals had no appreciable IL-4. IL-4 percentage was higher to peanut extract than to SEB, suggesting the phenotype is antigen-specific. Unexpectedly, there was a higher percent IL-4+ lymphocytes among the non-proliferating population. For many patients, the majority of IL-4+ CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes were undivided and CD25−. In contrast, the percent of ifn-γ+ cells in the zproliferating subset was substantially higher than in the nondividing population. Conclusions Evaluation of allergen-specific lymphocytes is sensitive to methodology. under the conditions of this study, there is an important th2 effector population with low proliferative capacity.
Active Control of Regenerative Chatter During Metal Cutting Process

Chatter, a violent relative vibration between a workpiece and a cutting tool, is a frequent problem in a machining operation. Among the many factors which contribute to the problem, regenerative chatter is found to be the most detrimental. Optimal control is designed for suppressing regenerative chatter with the critical regenerative effect taken into account. Furthermore, a novel hybrid time and frequency domain approach is developed for generating the stability lobe diagram for the dynamic system after control, since the conventional frequency domain approach is no longer feasible. Numerical results are obtained in both time and frequency domain for verifying the effectiveness of the controller as well as the hybrid approach for generating the stability lobe diagram.
Rapid Nanodroplet-Based Real-time PCR System with Laser Heating

We report the first use of laser heating for rapid PCR to our knowledge. Real-time PCR DNA analysis is performed using nanoliter droplets dispersed in oil as independent assay chambers.
The Rate of Change in the Vitamin A Content of Milk

Summary Studies were made of the rate of change in carotene and vitamin A content of milk fat from two cows following a change from a ration of high vitamin A value to one of law vitamin A value and vice versa . Alfalfa hay was the principal source of vitamin A in the high vitamin A ration while timothy hay was used as the principal source in the low vitamin A ration. Following the change from a high vitamin A diet to a low vitamin A diet, the milk fat secreted by the cows declined very rapidly in carotene and vitamin A value, reaching an equilibrium level with the ration in about 11 days. In the repletion period, the carotene content and vitamin A value of the milk fat increased very rapidly to an equilibrium level with the ration ten days after the cows were put on the high vitamin A ration (alfalfa). It may be concluded that the major effect of a change in the diet upon the vitamin A content of cows' milk can be ascertained by relatively short feeding trials.
Studies on fish scale formation and resorption—II. Effect of estradiol on calcium homeostasis and skeletal tissue resorption in the goldfish, Carassius auratus, and the killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus

1. 1. Skeletal tissue resorption was examined by estradiol injection in 45Ca-prelabeled fish, Carassius auratus and Fundulus heteroclitus. 2. 2. A single injection of estradiol resulted in marked increases in plasma calcium levels. 3. 3. Scale resorption was shown by significant decreases in radioactivity of the prelabeled scale following estrogenization. 4. 4. No evidence was obtained in favor of Ca resorption from the vertebra, jaw and otolith.
Effect of substrate composition on the piezoelectric response of reactively sputtered AlN thin films

Deposition parameters were found to have a marked effect on piezoelectric response of reactive radio frequency (RF) sputtered AlN thin films. The authors observed peizoelectric response values ranging from {minus}3.5 to +4.2 pm/V for 1 {micro}m thick AlN films deposited onto Ti/Ru electrode stacks. An investigation of the effects of deposition parameters, in particular the nature of the Ru/AlN interface, was conducted. The lag time between deposition of adjacent thin film layers appeared to have the greatest affect on the value of the piezoelectric response. This suggests that chemical reaction occurring on the Ru thin film surface is responsible for changing an important thin film property such as dipole orientation within the overlying AlN thin film.
Hyperglycemia repression of miR-24 coordinately upregulates endothelial cell expression and secretion of von Willebrand factor.

An elevated level of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in diabetic patients is associated with increased risk of thrombotic cardiovascular events. The underlying mechanism of how VWF expression is upregulated in diabetes mellitus is poorly understood. We now report that hyperglycemia-induced repression of microRNA-24 (miR-24) increases VWF expression and secretion in diabetes mellitus. In diabetic patients and diabetic mouse models (streptozotocin/high-fat diet-induced and db/db mice), miR-24 is reduced in both tissues and plasma. Knockdown of miR-24 in mice leads to increased VWF mRNA and protein levels and enhanced platelet tethering (spontaneous thrombosis). miR-24 tightly controls VWF levels through pleiotropic effects, including direct binding to the 3′ untranslated region of VWF and targeting FURIN and the histamine H1 receptor, known regulators of VWF processing and secretion in endothelial cells. We present a novel mechanism for miR-24 downregulation through hyperglycemia-induced activation of aldose reductase, reactive oxygen species, and c-Myc. These findings support a critical role for hyperglycemic repression of miR-24 in VWF-induced pathology. miR-24 represents a novel therapeutic target to prevent adverse thrombotic events in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Third-Order Solution to the Main Problem in Satellite Theory

In the present paper we announce a completely analytic closed-form third-order solution to the main problem in the theory of an artificial satellite. This is the first time an analytic solution of the main problem has been produced to order 3 which is valid for satellites with any eccentricity 0<Kl. The solution is accomplished by constructing a progression of three canonical transformations from the state variables to a set of action-angle variables in which the Hamiltonian for the problem is a function of the action variables only. The transformed Hamiltonian is developed, without omitting terms, to order 4 in the small parameter €= -J2; by way of verification it was found to agree through order 3 with the theory of Brouwer as extended by Kozai. The algebraic expressions for these transformations were produced by computer in a very compact form; conciseness is achieved in two ways, by eliminating the parallax and by controlling the computer automated calculations so as to avoid infinite series expansions in the eccentricity. Our programs prove that the main problem in satellite theory can be solved in closed form to order 3.
Experimental studies and sheet beam transport for low-voltage, grating TWT amplifiers

Summary form only given, as follows. Spontaneous emission and linear gain measurements for a low-voltage sheet-beam-compatible, grating TWT amplifier are presented. Results of analyses of a sheet beam formation by magnetic quadrupoles from a round beam and staple transport in a periodic cusp magnetic field are also discussed. A round "probe" beam from a 10 kV, 0.25 A Pierce gun electron source is utilized for 14 GHz amplifier experiments. The spontaneous emission measurements provide (a) measurement of the grating-induced spontaneous emission spectrum which can be correlated with the theoretically predicted linear gain curves, (b) measurements of broad-band noise emission, and (c) measurement of spontaneous emission in the backward-wave regime to correlate with start oscillation predictions. The noise emission spectra have been correlated with experimental factors including the guide magnetic field intensity and body current. Measurements of linear gain are also compared with the theoretical prediction in both forward and backward-wave regimes. A sheet beam can be formed by the use of magnetic quadrupoles to transform an initially round beam from a conventional Pierce gun into a highly eccentric elliptical beam. Results of a 3-D PIC simulation of the beam will be discussed.
Development of process and outcome measures for improvement: Lessons learned in a quality improvement collaborative for pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract: The Institute of Medicine's publications, To Err is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, publicized the widespread deficits in healthcare quality. The quality of care in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been comprehensively evaluated, in part due to a lack of well-established IBD measures of quality. Quality can be measured for evaluation, benchmarking, or continuous quality improvement, using structural, process, and outcome measures. Measurement is an essential component of the model for improvement, necessary to determine whether changes made have resulted in improvement. Measures used for quality improvement should be based on evidence and consensus, be clear and collectable in a timely fashion, occur with sufficient frequency, and have the potential to improve outcomes. While no current IBD measures of quality are perfect, an iterative process of measure development can produce a set of measures that are feasible, relevant, and useful for performing quality improvement. This review describes the history, rationale, and methods of quality measurement and discusses the early work and lessons learned from measuring quality of care in a pediatric IBD quality improvement collaborative. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011;)
Oxfordian magnetic polarity pattern—reply to comment by R.E. Sheridan and K.A. Suydam

Abstract Sheridan and Suydam [1] raise several important points, which are primarily related to the origin of reported magnetic anomalies within the Jurassic magnetic quiet zone of the ocean crust, and therefore are not directly relevant to our magnetostratigraphic study of Oxfordian sediments [2]. We will discuss only two points: (1) the consistency of our Oxfordian results with other evidence of mixed polarity, and (2) the factors complicating the resolution of rapid magnetic reversals in the anomaly record of deep Jurassic crust.
Pharmacy students' perception of a modified supplemental instruction program

Abstract Objective To determine pharmacy students' perceptions of the potential academic benefit, mandatory attendance policy, notification of and preparation for the sessions and negative stigma related to an academic assistance program at a new school of pharmacy. Methods An anonymous, 16-question online questionnaire assessing the study's objective was administered to 137 of 167 first- (P1) and second- (P2) year students enrolled in a Doctor of Pharmacy program. Results The results of this study indicate that students who had been enrolled in the program perceived an academic benefit. Student insight on the mandatory attendance policy, the notification of and preparation for the sessions, and the negative stigma related to an academic assistance program led to changes that were incorporated into the supplemental instruction (SI) design and implementation. Conclusions The early detection of high-risk students and immediate and ongoing interaction between these students and course faculty is perceived as a benefit and a unique aspect of our Doctor of Pharmacy program. This study introduces the development and implementation of an SI program and the findings may assist other schools of pharmacy in designing their own SI programs.
Effect analysis in higher-order languages

When programs are intended for parallel execution it becomes critical to determine whether the evaluations of two expressions can be carried out independently. We provide a scheme for making such determinations in a typed language with higher-order constructs and imperative features. The heart of our scheme is a mechanism for estimating thesupport of an expression, i.e., the set of global variables involved in its evaluation. This computation requires knowledge of all the aliases of an expression. The inference schemes are presented in a compositional fashion reminiscent of abstract interpretation. We prove the soundness of our estimates with respect to the standard semantics of the language.
Reconstitution of a cyclic amp-dependet protein kinase from Dictyostellium discoideum

Abstract Dicytostelium discoideum has a cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity which can be assayed after DEAE-ion exchange chromatography. Mixing cAMP binding protein (free of kinase activity) from the DEAE column eluate with the protein kinase catalytic activity from a chromatofocusing column leads to a restoration of the cyclic AMP-activatable protein kinase activity.
Collaborative approach to dental treatment of a severely anxious patient: report of case.

Because of his emotional problems, a patient may not seek necessary treatment until his condition becomes acute. Both the emotional and physical needs of the patient should be considered before treatment is begun.
Superconducting properties of AuPb3 and AuPb2

Abstract The superconducting critical temperature of AuPb 3 and AuPb 2 has been measured as 4.40°K and 3.15°K, respectively. Data available on the superconducting properties of Pb filaments in an Au matrix indicate AuPb 2 is readily formed at room temperature due to rapid diffusion of Au into Pb.
Intrathoracic foreign bodies.

An 18-year-old youth presented to the Emergency Department (ED) complaining of a BB in his right knee. He had been at a party the previous evening where some youths shot him. Examination revealed two small holes over the right knee; palpation suggested foreign bodies. He also complained of chest pain, giving a history of asthma. Physical examination revealed some tiny (l–2 mm) red marks over the anterior chest. There were a few wheezes but otherwise normal breath sounds. The heart sounds were normal and he had no jugular venous distention. The right knee had an entrance wound, below which there was a palpable small hard lump. There was an abrasion on the right elbow, but no entrance or exit wounds. Neurovascular examination was intact. Chest X-ray studies revealed metallic linear structures— two in the right middle lobe and one in the superior mediastinum (Figure l, A and B, arrows). No pneumothorax was present. There also appeared to be one in the infradiaphragmatic region. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a straight pin above the aortic arch between the origin of the left carotid and left subclavian artery against the esophagus. The pin had its tip in a disk of the thoracic spine (Figure 2, arrow). Also, a pin can be seen near the region of the spleen on the lower cuts of the CT scan.
The Challenges of Data Collection in Rural Dwelling Samples

Data collection in rural areas presents unique problems that impact the research process and thus the outcomes of the research. Some of the issues that must be accounted for include utilization of appropriate tools when studying rural dwelling persons, location of appropriate participants, rural health issues, environmental barriers, and ethical considerations. Researchers must be aware of these unique problems and issues and consider the impact of these issues on the integrity of the data.
Osmoregulation in Six Sympatric Fiddler Crabs (genus Uca) from the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Abstract. As problems in taxonomy and systematic relationships among the Uca species are resolved, a definition of how each fiddler crab species partitions and utilizes habitat resources is needed. To this end, the osmoregulatory capabilities were studied in six species of fiddler crabs from the western Gulf of Mexico. Specimens were placed in 50 ml of artificial seawater ranging in osmolality from 50 to 3450 mOsm (2 to 109 ‰) for five days. Survivorship was recorded for each species. Uca rapax, U. panacea and U. subcylindrica are hardy from 200 to 3200 mOsm (6 to 101 ‰). Uca spinicarpa and U. minax survive only below 1400 mOsm (44 ‰). U. longisignalis is intermediate, with limited survival above 2500 mOsm (79 ‰). Hemolymph osmolality was determined for crabs surviving the osmotic regimen. Uca panacea, U. subcylindrica and U. rapax are equivalent in their regulation between 50 and 3200 mOsm (2 – 101 ‰). Uca longisignalis lost its ability to control hemolymph osmolality above 2200 mOsm (69 ‰). On the other hand, U. spinicarpa and U. minax become less effective hyporegulators in media above 1200 (38 ‰) and 1500 mOsm (47 ‰), respectively. Only U. longisignalis appears to exhibit clear differences in osmoregulatory capacity between populations. Population data for U. panacea and laboratory experiments with U. subcylindrica also support the notion of capacitative acclimation in Uca. These physiological capabilities correlate well with the known habitat characteristics for each fiddler crab species in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico.
The Influence of Accelerated Reader on the Affective Literacy Orientations of Intermediate Grade Students

Although the highly popular Accelerated Reader (AR) book reading incentive program claims to motivate children of all reading ability levels, very little independent empirical research has examined this assertion. To help fill this void, we used two related three-factor mixed designs with Method (AR vs. Control), Gender, and either Grade Level (fourth vs. fifth) or Reading Ability (high vs. low) to explore AR's influence on the reading attitudes and self-perceptions of children in two comparable school districts. The analyses indicate that AR positively influenced academic reading attitudes, but not recreational ones, and that it negatively influenced two types of self-perceptions in low achieving male readers. These findings and others of consequence are discussed along with implications for future research.
Effect of gonadectomy on subsequent development of age-related cognitive impairment in dogs

Objective—To determine whether gonadectomy predisposes dogs to development of age-related behavioral changes linked to cognitive impairment. Design—Cohort study. Animals—29 sexually intact male dogs, 63 spayed female dogs, and 47 castrated male dogs 11 to 14 years old. Procedure—Information on possible impairments in 4 behavioral categories linked to cognitive impairment (orientation in the home and yard, social interactions, house training, and sleep-wake cycle) was obtained from owners of the dogs by use of a structured telephone interview format. A second interview was performed 12 to 18 months after the initial interview, and differences in responses were evaluated. Results—Sexually intact male dogs were significantly less likely than neutered dogs to progress from mild impairment (ie, impairment in 1 category) to severe impairment (ie, impairment in ≥ 2 categories) during the time between the first and second interviews. This difference was not attributable to differences in ages of the dogs, duratio...
Should Government Subsidize Caregiver Wages? Some Evidence on Worker Turnover and the Cost of Long-Term Care in Group Homes for Persons With Developmental Disabilities:

High rates of worker turnover have been a persistent problem in the long-term care industry. Spending on individuals with developmental disabilities represents 20 percent of all long-term care spen...
Identification, Management and Outcome of Postoperative Hemoperitoneum in 23 Horses After Emergency Exploratory Celiotomy for Gastrointestinal Disease

Objective To investigate postoperative hemoperitoneum in a population of horses that had surgery for colic. Study design Retrospective case series. Animals Horses (n = 23). Methods Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative information was obtained from medical records (1985–2012) of horses with postoperative hemoperitoneum after emergency exploratory celiotomy. Pre-existing hemoperitoneum during surgery and nonsurgical hemoperitoneum were excluded. Results Of 4520 horses that had emergency exploratory celiotomy for gastrointestinal disease, 23 horses met inclusion criteria; an incidence of 0.5%. Horse signalment approximated the colic population, although Thoroughbreds were significantly overrepresented. Hemoperitoneum was significantly associated with intestinal resection. Postoperative hemoperitoneum was recognized a mean (±SD) of 1.0 ± 0.7 days after surgery and associated with tachycardia, decreasing hematocrit, incisional drainage, or ultrasonographic identification of swirling, echogenic abdominal fluid. Primary treatments included intravenous fluid therapy (n = 23), colloid support (20), blood transfusion (13), and antifibrinolytic agents (11). Fifteen horses (65%) survived to discharge, which was associated with admission lactate and days of hospitalization. Conclusions Postoperative hemoperitoneum is a rare complication of exploratory celiotomy in horses that should be considered when there are signs of abdominal discomfort and declining hematocrit in the early postoperative period. Prognosis is guarded because of potential sequelae of septic peritonitis and adhesion formation.
Three-dimensional Rotational Angiography: Introduction of an Adjunctive Tool for Successful Transarterial Chemoembolization

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TACE) is a minimally invasive procedure that requires precise visualization of the feeding vessels to liver tumors for proper catheter placement and effective therapy. The use of three-dimensional (3D) rotational angiography (RA) can be extremely useful to the interventional radiologist during TACE while the patient is on the catheterization table. This report demonstrates the role of 3D RA in interventional oncology by presenting two cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with complex vascular anatomy successfully treated because of the information provided by this new technology.
On the relative completeness of bytecode analysis versus source code analysis

We discuss the challenges faced by bytecode analyzers designed for code verification compared to similar analyzers for source code. While a bytecode-level analysis brings many simplifications, e.g., fewer cases, independence from source syntax, name resolution, etc., it also introduces precision loss that must be recovered either via preprocessing, more precise abstract domains, more precise transfer functions, or a combination thereof. The paper studies the relative completeness of a static analysis for bytecode compared to the analysis of the program source. We illustrate it through examples originating from the design and the implementation of Clousot, a generic static analyzer based on Abstract Interpretation for the analysis of MSIL.
An application of reachable set analysis in power system transient stability assessment

A novel method to compute the stability region in power system transient stability analysis is presented. This method is based on the level set analysis. The key to this method is to construct the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) partial differential equation (PDE) of a nonlinear system, using which we can compute the backward reachable set by applying the level set methods. The backward reachable set of a stable equilibrium yields the stability region of the equilibrium point in power system transient stability assessment. The proposed method is applied to a single machine infinite bus system and a classical two-machine system yielding satisfactory results.
Unilateral colloid milium of the arm

Abstract We describe a case of colloid milium limited to the left arm. To the best of our knowledge, only 2 other cases of unilateral colloid milium have been reported. All of these patients had occupational UV light exposure patterns that could account for this unique distribution. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;46:S5-7.)
Real-Time Attitude and Position Estimation for Small UAVs Using Low-Cost Sensors

Small unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) and micro air vehicles (MAVs) have payload and power constraints that prohibit heavy sensors and powerful processors. This paper presents real-time attitude and position estimation solutions that use small, inexpensive sensors and low-power microprocessors. In connection with an Extended Kalman Filter attitude estimation scheme, a novel method for dealing with latency in real-time is presented using a distributed-in-time architecture. Essential to small UAV or MAV missions is the ability to navigate precisely. To reduce computational overhead and to simplify design, a cascaded filter approach to position estimation is used. The design is insensitive to noise and to loss of GPS lock. Simulation and hardware tests show that the algorithms operate in real-time and are suitable for control, stabilization, and navigation.
Milton and the Book of Enoch — An Alternative Hypothesis

In an examination of the influence of the Book of Enoch on certain motifs in Milton's Paradise Lost, Mr. Grant McColley challenges the commonly accepted belief that Bruce was the first to restore to Western Civilization the knowledge of the existence of I Enoch, which had passed out of circulation during the early centuries of Christianity. Mr. McColley's belief that at least the existence of I Enoch was known to certain persons in the mid-seventeenth century and before rests on quotations from three popular travel books of the time: Sandys' Relation of a Journey (1615), Purchas His Pilgrimage (1613), and Peter Heylyn's Cosmography (1652). These authors all agree that the Ethiopians, or Abyssinians, had books containing the ‘oracles’ or ‘writings’ of the patriarch Enoch.
Intelligent mobile agents for efficient and inexpensive e-shopping

To mine useful information for e-shopping users, the intelligent mobile agents are built on the Kaariboga mobile agents system. The centralized fuzzy mobile data mining algorithm for the intelligent mobile agents is designed and implemented to process distributed wired and wireless databases at different shopping centers. The major goal is to provide a user with current e-shopping information to help the user make efficient shopping decisions.
Microwave Tumor Ablation: Mechanism of Action, Clinical Results and Devices

Microwave ablation uses dielectric hysteresis to produce direct volume heating of tissue. Microwaves are capable of propagating through many tissue types, even those with high impedance such as lung or bone, with less susceptibility to "heat-sink" effects along vessels. Microwaves are highly conducive to the use of multiple applicators, showing the synergy seen with other energies, but also the potential capability for phasing of the electromagnetic field. As a result, larger, more customizable ablation zones may be created in less time. Although multiple microwave ablation systems are currently available, further study and continued development are needed.
Grasp Planning via Decomposition Trees

Planning realizable and stable grasps on 3D objects is crucial for many robotics applications, but grasp planners often ignore the relative sizes of the robotic hand and the object being grasped or do not account for physical joint and positioning limitations. We present a grasp planner that can consider the full range of parameters of a real hand and an arbitrary object, including physical and material properties as well as environmental obstacles and forces, and produce an output grasp that can be immediately executed. We do this by decomposing a 3D model into a superquadric 'decomposition tree' which we use to prune the intractably large space of possible grasps into a subspace that is likely to contain many good grasps. This subspace can be sampled and evaluated in GraspIt!, our 3D grasping simulator, to find a set of highly stable grasps, all of which are physically realizable. We show grasp results on various models using a Barrett hand.
Comparison of uptake and incorporation of docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids by frog retinas

Vertebrate retinas, especially photoreceptor cellular membranes, contain high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and relatively low levels of arachidonic acid (AA). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that DHA enrichment in the retina is the result of preferential uptake and incorporation relative to other fatty acids. Frog retinas were incubated in vitro with [3H]DHA or [3H]AA for up to 6 h, and the amounts of label in retinal lipids were quantitated. The incorporation of DHA into total lipids, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine was similar to that of AA when each was presented as the only substrate, and was linear with fatty acid concentration and incubation time. The addition of excess, unlabeled AA reduced the uptake and incorporation of DHA into retinal lipids. A slightly greater inhibition was noted for the uptake and incorporation of AA in the presence of unlabeled DHA. There was about 2-3 fold greater incorporation of DHA into phosphatidic acid, di...