cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rumination and self-reflection in stress narratives and relations to psychological functioning

The longitudinal study aims to expand what is known about the costs and benefits of narrating stressful experiences by exploring changes in rumination within the narrative process and comparing it to changes in self-reflection. Rumination (e.g., brooding, self-criticism, and negative emotions) and self-reflection were measured in stress narratives of 56 college students. There were several goals: (1) examine changes in narrative rumination and narrative self-reflection over 3 days of writing, (2) examine the relations among the changes in narrative rumination variables and narrative self-reflection and (3) examine how changes in narrative rumination and narrative self-reflection relate to multiple measures of psychological functioning. Overall, individuals increased self-reflection over the 3-day writing task. Individuals who increased ruminative brooding across the 3 days of writing showed lower ego identity development (short term and long term) and self-esteem (short term), while increased self-criticism was positively correlated with identity distress (short term). Implications of the different aspects of narrative rumination, specifically in the context of stressful experiences, are discussed.
Comparison of quantitative k-edge empirical estimators using an energy-resolved photon-counting detector

Using an energy-resolving photon counting detector, the amount of k-edge material in the x-ray path can be estimated using a process known as material decomposition. However, non-ideal effects within the detector make it difficult to accurately perform this decomposition. This work evaluated the k-edge material decomposition accuracy of two empirical estimators. A neural network estimator and a linearized maximum likelihood estimator with error look-up tables (A-table method) were evaluated through simulations and experiments. Each estimator was trained on system-specific calibration data rather than specific modeling of non-ideal detector effects or the x-ray source spectrum. Projections through a step-wedge calibration phantom consisting of different path lengths through PMMA, aluminum, and a k-edge material was used to train the estimators. The estimators were tested by decomposing data acquired through different path lengths of the basis materials. The estimators had similar performance in the chest phantom simulations with gadolinium. They estimated four of the five densities of gadolinium with less than 2mg/mL bias. The neural networks estimates demonstrated lower bias but higher variance than the A-table estimates in the iodine contrast agent simulations. The neural networks had an experimental variance lower than the CRLB indicating it is a biased estimator. In the experimental study, the k-edge material contribution was estimated with less than 14% bias for the neural network estimator and less than 41% bias for the A-table method.
Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Following Surgical Fixation of Multiple Ipsilateral Upper-Extremity Fractures: A Case Report.

Postoperative vision loss is a rare but devastating surgical complication. Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is one such form of vision loss, most commonly recognized with prone positioning in spinal surgery. It is also documented as a complication of multiple surgical specialties, including general orthopaedics1, otolaryngology2, obstetrics and gynecology3, cardiothoracic surgery4,5, and general trauma surgery6. ION is an acute ischemic disorder that causes blindness, with reported postoperative incidence ranging from 0.013% to 1.3%5,7-9. Blood flow to the optic nerve is autoregulated and is dependent on ocular perfusion pressure (OPP). OPP can decrease to a level beyond which autoregulation mechanisms can compensate10, leading to ischemic injury. The most common associated risk factors for this complication are often encountered in orthopaedic trauma, namely length of surgery11 and intraoperative arterial hypotension6,8. To our knowledge, ION has not previously been reported in the orthopaedic trauma literature. We present the case of a fifty-year-old man who developed ION after internal fixation of ipsilateral fractures of the proximal part of the humerus and olecranon. The patient was informed that data concerning the case would be submitted for publication, and he provided consent. A fifty-year-old healthy man sustained an eight-foot fall from a ladder, landing directly on the right elbow. He was hemodynamically stable with isolated closed injuries to the right upper extremity; there were no neurovascular deficits. The general surgery trauma team evaluated the patient, and no additional injuries were found. Radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of the right shoulder showed a comminuted fracture of the proximal part of the humerus, described as an Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) classification type 11-B1.212, as well as a Neer two-part fracture involving the …
Effects of Viewing Angle, Spatial Abilty, and Sight of Own Hand on Accuracy of Movements Performed Under Simulated Laparoscopic Conditions

We examined performance on a maze-drawing task under conditions designed to simulate handassisted laparoscopy (a form of minimally invasive surgery in which the surgeon’s non-dominant hand is inserted into the patient’s abdominal cavity through an enlarged incision). The task was completed without direct vision, with participants relying solely on the image from a laparoscopic camera to guide their movements. On half the trials, participants held their non-dominant hand in view of the camera. We varied camera angle (offset in azimuth by 0o, 90o, 180o, or 270o), and measured spatial visualization ability. Both camera angle and spatial ability affected overall performance, and these two factors interacted. At 90o, having the hand in view significantly improved performance for all participants, but at 270o it impaired low spatial participants. At 0o, 90o, and 180o, the performance of high and low spatial participants differed significantly only when the hand was in view. Correlations supported the interpretation that hand-in-view accentuated, rather than attenuated, the relationship between spatial ability and performance. The findings have potential implications for surgeons using hand-assisted laparoscopic techniques in minimally invasive procedures.
Sparse matrix factorization in the implicit finite element method on petascale architecture

Abstract The performance of the massively parallel direct multifrontal solver Watson Sparse Matrix Package (WSMP) for solving large sparse systems of linear equations arising in implicit finite element method on unstructured (free) meshes in solid mechanics was evaluated on one of the most powerful supercomputers currently available to the open science community—the sustained petascale high performance computing system of Blue Waters. We have performed full-scale benchmarking tests up to 65,536 cores using assembled global stiffness matrices and load vectors ranging from 11 to 40 million unknowns extracted from “real-world” commercial implicit finite element analysis (FEA) applications. The results show that a direct multifrontal factorization method with a hybrid parallel implementation in WSMP performs exceedingly well on a petascale high-performance computing (HPC) system, and delivers superior factorization time and parallel scalability, thus opening the door for the high fidelity modeling of complex industrial structures and assemblies in real scale.
Mapping Out Protein Hydration Dynamics by Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization

Water molecules in the immediate vicinity of biomolecular surfaces (e.g., protein, lipid membranes, and DNA) are essential to mediate biological activities, such as enzyme activity, ligand binding, allosteric effect, or molecular recognition. For instance, the formation of a functional enzyme-substrate complex may be mediated by the retardation of water mobility at the active site of the enzyme. Hydrated water could also facilitate specific protein function, such as channel gating, whose kinetics has been found to be critically correlated with the rate of water fluctuations. Additionally, water is generally thought to be a catalyst for the hydrogen-bond rearrangements of a protein. The prevailing view is that water molecules actively contribute to the hydrophobic effect involved in protein-folding and ligand-binding events by modulating protein conformational changes through the formation or breaking of hydrogen bonds at protein–water interfaces. Interestingly, the diffusion dynamics of hydration water that entails hydrogen-bond rearrangement of the dynamic protein–water network may be critically coupled to protein dynamics, not only at the interfaces, but also at the core. A combination of the rapid hydrogen-bond rearrangements and the fast hydration dynamics at protein–water interfaces are suggested to be essential in increasing the protein structural flexibility and facilitating protein-ligand recognition.
The Relationship between Number Change of Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Yield of Super Hybrid Rice

The relationship between number change of rhizosphere microorganisms and yield of super hybrid rice was studied.The results showed that the number of rhizosphere microorganisms was significant different in different nitrogen treatments,and it was affected by density at the same time;the number change of rhizosphere microorganisms during whole growth duration was different in different nitrogen treatments;the activity change of different rhizosphere microorganisms showed disaccord expression after a cropping season,and the decreasing extent of total microorganism activity related to nitrogen rate and density;the activity of microorganism decreased with the increasing application rate of N,P and K;the number of PAM bacteria at tillering stage evidently increased with application of bacterium fertilizer,and the number of K-bacterium increased along with the growth stages but it was not affected by K fertilizer.
Fertility-Sparing Surgery in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: Indications and Applications

This article describes the surgical and pathologic findings of fertility-sparing radical trachelectomy using a standardized surgical technique, and reports the rate of posttrachelectomy outcomes. The authors analyzed a prospectively maintained database of all patients with FIGO stage IA1-IB1 cervical cancer admitted to the operating room for planned fertility-sparing radical abdominal trachelectomy. Sentinel node mapping was performed through cervical injection. Between November 2001 and May 2010, 98 consecutive patients with FIGO stage IA1-IB1 cervical cancer and a median age of 32 years (range, 6-45 years) underwent a fertility-sparing radical trachelectomy. The most common histology was adenocarcinoma in 54 patients (55%) and squamous carcinoma in 42 (43%). Lymph-vascular invasion was seen in 38 patients (39%). FIGO stages included IA1 (with lymph-vascular invasion) in 10 patients (10%), IA2 in 9 (9%), and IB1 in 79 (81%). Only 15 (15%) needed immediate completion radical hysterectomy because of intraoperative findings. Median number of nodes evaluated was 22 (range, 3-54), and 16 (16%) patients had positive pelvic nodes on final pathology. Final trachelectomy pathology showed no residual disease in 44 (45%) cases, dysplasia in 5 (5%), and adenocarcinoma in situ in 3 (3%). Overall, 27 (27%) patients needed hysterectomy or adjuvant pelvic radiation postoperatively. One (1%) documented recurrence was fatal at the time of this report. Cervical adenocarcinoma and lymph-vascular invasion are common features of patients selected for radical trachelectomy. Most patients can undergo the operation successfully with many having no residual invasive disease; however, nearly 27% of all selected cases will require hysterectomy or postoperative chemoradiation for oncologic reasons. Investigation into alternative fertility-sparing adjuvant therapy in patients with node-positive disease is needed.
Commercial Fibrinogen, Autogenous Plasma, Whole Blood and Cryoprecipitate for Coagulum Pyelolithotomy: A Comparative Study

AbstractCoagulation pyelolithotomy provides an effective means to remove multiple calculi from the renal collecting system. The strength of the coagulum is directly proportional to the concentration of fibrinogen and inversely proportional to the concentration of thrombin. Because of the fear of hepatitis fibrinogen may soon be unavailable commercially. It will then become necessary to use plasma from the patient as the source of fibrinogen. By the process of cryoprecipitation fibrinogen levels can be increased about 10-fold, yielding clots of greater tensile strength than would be obtained from non-concentrated plasma.
Role of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Support in Treatment of Breast Cancer

Patients with metastatic breast cancer with chemotherapy-sensitive disease, good performance status, and few sites of metastatic disease are the best candidates for high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell reinfusion. Even in this selected subset of patients, however, at best only 30% to 40% will maintain a complete remission beyond 2 years. Clearly both new chemotherapeutic agents and approaches are needed in the treatment of breast cancer.
Successful Implementation of a Clinical Care Pathway for Management of Epistaxis at a Tertiary Care Center

ObjectiveWe compare the management of patients with severe epistaxis before and after the implementation a clinical care pathway (CCP) to standardize care, minimize hospital stay, and decrease cost.Study DesignSingle prospective analysis with historical control.SettingTertiary academic hospital.Subjects and MethodsPatients treated for epistaxis between October 2012 to December 2013 were compared with a prospective analysis of patients treated for severe epistaxis after implementation of a CCP from June 2014 to February 2015. Severe epistaxis was defined as nasal bleeding not able to be controlled with local pressure, topical vasoconstrictors, or simple anterior packing.ResultsSevere epistaxis was similar in the pre- and post-CCP cohorts: 24.7% (n = 42) vs 18.9% (n = 22), respectively. Implementation of early sphenopalatine artery ligation resulted in decreased number of days packed (3.2 ± 1.6 to 1.4 ± 1.6; P = .001), decreased hospital stay (5.2 ± 3.9 to 2.1 ± 1.3 days; P < .001), an increased percentage ...
Biologic Treatments in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Protein-Based and Cell-Based Therapies

Lumbar back pain is a clinical entity of global significance. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a commonly attributed source of lumbar back pain that has a vast potential for treatment innovation. The current basis of treatments for IDD, both nonoperative and surgical, focuses largely on alleviating symptoms rather than restoring native anatomy, biology, and mechanics. Advances in the understanding of intervertebral disc (IVD) biology and IDD pathogenesis have given rise to the field of regenerative medicine including protein-based and cell-based therapies. The goal of biologic therapies in IDD is to cultivate molecular changes in the IVD toward repair. Protein-based therapies offer a way to manipulate the microenvironment of the diseased IVD with the goal of shifting the catabolic profile of IDD toward anabolism and matrix homeostasis. Cell-based therapies offer a way to repopulate the IVD with cells of a favorable phenotypic profile for disc matrix regeneration. Advances in the delivery of these therapies using biomaterial scaffolds have also provided an avenue for nucleus pulposus replacement. Although investigations for biologic treatments in IDD have largely been limited to in vitro and animal studies, this developing field has vast potential for future clinical application. This article reviews the native anatomy and biology of the IVD, the pathomechanisms and limitations of current treatments of IDD, and the status of emerging cell-based and biologic therapies including the challenges facing the field today.
Why the debate about composition is factually empty (or why there’s no fact of the matter whether anything exists)

I argue in this paper that the debate over composition is factually empty; in other words, I argue that there’s no fact of the matter whether there are any composite objects like tables and rocks and cats. Moreover, at the end of the paper, I explain how my argument is suggestive of a much more general (and much more radical) conclusion, namely, that there’s no fact of the matter whether there are any material objects at all. Roughly speaking, the paper proceeds by arguing that (a) if there were a fact of the matter about whether composite objects exist, then it would be either a necessary fact or a contingent fact, and (b) both of these alternatives are implausible.
Biological Factors Related to Male Mediated Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity

Over the past 30 years the area of reproductive problems and reproductive failure has assumed a greater proportion of the interest of clinicians, epidemiologists, teratologists, geneticists and toxicologists. Much has been learned about the reproductive risks of exposing pregnant women to drugs and chemicals and physical environmental agents. Both epidemiological and animal studies have assisted in understanding the mechanism of some of these reproductive toxicants and the actual risk of being exposed to these agents. There also has been great advances in the field of clinical and basic genetics so that we have a much better understanding of the impact of genetic disease and our ability to diagnose these disorders. We are also aware of the fact that each generation has a small proportion of genetic disease not due to inherited genetic traits, but due to new genetic disease resulting from mutations that occurred during the development of germ cell mutations that produce mature eggs and sperm. We are still in the early stages of understanding the process of mutation and are presently investigating the impact of environmental agents on the induction of mutations as well as the alteration of reproductive performance.
The Politics and Semiotics of Argentine Postage Stamps

The stamp on the left (figure 1a) led to a number of diplomatic protests because of the placement of many of the borders. The countries protesting were Chile (the Patagonian and Tierra del Fuego frontier), Peru (the border with Ecuador), and Great Britain (the Malvinas/Falklands). To placate these countries, with the exception of Great Britain, the map was redrawn (figure 1b). Subsequently, during the Peron years, Argentina’s Antarctic claim was added.
Training Surgeons in the Current US Healthcare System: A Review of Recent Changes in Resident Education

This review highlights research focusing on the quality of surgical education within the current constraints of healthcare delivery in the United States. The Flexibility in Duty Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) trial has provided the first evidence from a randomized controlled trial regarding duty hour regulations. Results of the FIRST trial were instrumental in the 2017 ACGME Common Core Requirement changes that allow for more flexibility in clinical hours to encourage professionalism and accommodate both patient care and educational opportunities. Research focusing on resident autonomy has highlighted multiple factors necessary to ensure appropriate graduated levels of responsibility during training. Lastly, competency-based education provides a structured format to ensure minimum standards of performance in all graduates. More flexible hours, increasing autonomy, and competency-based evaluations may help improve confidence and competence of surgery residency graduates.
Probing the Atomic Structure of Transient Protein Contacts by Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement Solution NMR

Important biological processes, including enzyme catalysis, signaling, and protein folding, proceed through lowly populated (<5%) states that elude structural characterization by conventional techniques. Here, we describe the steps required for visualization of these sparsely populated conformations and transient protein-protein interactions using paramagnetic relaxation enhancement solution NMR. We describe experimental design, sample preparation, data acquisition and processing, and the basics of data analysis of structural ensembles.
SIRT6-mediated transcriptional suppression of Txnip is critical for pancreatic beta cell function and survival in mice

Better understanding of how genetic and epigenetic components control beta cell differentiation and function is key to the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent beta cell dysfunction and failure in the progression of type 2 diabetes. Our goal was to elucidate the role of histone deacetylase sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in beta cell development and homeostasis. Sirt6 endocrine progenitor cell conditional knockout and beta cell-specific knockout mice were generated using the Cre-loxP system. Mice were assayed for islet morphology, glucose tolerance, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and susceptibility to streptozotocin. Transcriptional regulatory functions of SIRT6 in primary islets were evaluated by RNA-Seq analysis. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR and immunoblot were used to verify and investigate the gene expression changes. Chromatin occupancies of SIRT6, H3K9Ac, H3K56Ac and active RNA polymerase II were evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Deletion of Sirt6 in pancreatic endocrine progenitor cells did not affect endocrine morphology, beta cell mass or insulin production but did result in glucose intolerance and defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. Conditional deletion of Sirt6 in adult beta cells reproduced the insulin secretion defect. Loss of Sirt6 resulted in aberrant upregulation of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in beta cells. SIRT6 deficiency led to increased acetylation of histone H3 lysine residue at 9 (H3K9Ac), acetylation of histone H3 lysine residue at 56 (H3K56Ac) and active RNA polymerase II at the promoter region of Txnip. SIRT6-deficient beta cells exhibited a time-dependent increase in H3K9Ac, H3K56Ac and TXNIP levels. Finally, beta cell-specific SIRT6-deficient mice showed increased sensitivity to streptozotocin. Our results reveal that SIRT6 suppresses Txnip expression in beta cells via deacetylation of histone H3 and plays a critical role in maintaining beta cell function and viability. Sequence data have been deposited in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with the accession code GSE104161.
Conventional Medical Management of Ulcerative Colitis: Azathioprine

Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine are effective therapies for maintaining steroid-free remission for many patients with ulcerative colitis. Genetic variation in the population leading to variable thiopurine metabolism warrants initial and ongoing laboratory monitoring throughout the course of treatment for dose-dependent toxicities. Dose-independent toxicity often occurs in the first few weeks of therapy, and some reactions may be avoided by switching from azathioprine to 6-mercaptopurine. Infections are a primary risk of long-term therapy. There is an elevated relative risk of lymphoma during therapy; however, the absolute risk is relatively low. Future clinical trials may determine if the combination of azathioprine and biologic therapy is more effective in ulcerative colitis than either therapy alone.
Will Americans Vote for Muslims? Cultural Outgroup Antipathy, Candidate Religion, and U.S. Voting Behavior

We assess how likely Americans are to support political candidates who are Muslim, and the extent to which support for Muslim candidates is structured by “cultural outgroup antipathy”—generalized antipathy targeting cultural outgroups. We employ two survey experiments included in the 2007 and 2010 Cooperative Congressional Election Studies that juxtapose a hypothetical state legislative candidate's Muslim faith with Arab ethnicity, African American race, and both Democratic and Republican party affiliation. Identifying a candidate as Muslim significantly reduces voter support and that reduction is largest among people with higher levels of cultural outgroup antipathy. The effect is consistent regardless of whether the candidate is also identified as being Arab or African American or is just presented as a Muslim. We also find that cultural outgroup antipathy diminished electoral support for same-party Muslim candidates among Democrats but not among Republicans.
Development of A Turbulence Model for Flows with Rotation and Curvature

A generalized eddy viscosity model is formulated by using the rotation modified energy spectrum. Rotation and mean shear effects are directly included in the eddy viscosity without the use of the local equilibrium assumption. Since the model is of a general form, additional modifications to the eddy viscosity for non-equilibrium effects are not needed. The formulation also includes modeling vortex stretching and viscous destruction terms of the dissipation rate equation based on the limit of rotating isotropic turbulence at high Reynolds numbers. Since the rotation modified energy spectrum includes the contribution of rotation effects on the dissipation and structure of turbulence, the model coefficients in the dissipation rate equation are also modified. The model is shown to reproduce the rotation effects in isotropic turbulence. The implications of the model and its general applicability for turbulent flows are also addressed.
Assignment of a 15 kDa protein complex formed between the p160 coactivator ACTR and CREB binding protein.

Nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) regulate the expression of target genes in a ligand dependent fashion (Mangelsdorf et al., 1995). To accomplish this, NHRs recruit coactivator proteins in the presence of ligand or corepressor proteins in the absence of ligand which work in concert with the receptors to generate an activation or repression response. p160 coactivator proteins bind directly to NHRs and recruit other proteins such as CBP/p300, a general transcriptional coactivator with strong histone acetyltransferase activity (Chakravarti et al., 1996), which are necessary to allow RNA polymerase II and the basal transcriptional machinery to operate. Both the p160 family of proteins and CBP/p300 are essential for normal cell cycle control, differentiation and apoptosis and are implicated in human disease (Chen et al., 1997; Goodman and Smolik, 2000). We have expressed and purified the interacting domains from the p160 coactivator protein ACTR and from CBP (Chen et al., 1997). The first construct consists of residues 1018–1088 of ACTR and the second of residues 2059–2117 of CBP. The 2D 1H-15N HSQC spectra of the isolated domains of both proteins display limited resonance dispersion, an indication that they are unfolded. The two polypeptides combine with high affinity to form a cooperatively folded protein domain. Upon formation of the complex, there is a significant increase in backbone NH dispersion throughout both proteins. This result strongly suggests that folding and binding are coupled events.
The biomechanical faces of articular cartilage in growth, aging, and osteoarthritis

Articular cartilage ideally functions over a lifetime as a low-friction wear-resistant load-bearing material that covers the ends of long bones. During the fetal, postnatal, and childhood stages of life and into adulthood, articular cartilage grows and adapts to varying mechanical demands. However, with advancing age or traumatic injury, cartilage degeneration and mechanical dysfunction occur frequently, especially at particular sites and joints. During the stages of growth up to early adulthood, articular cartilage normally exhibits a variety of biomechanical properties. With aging in the adult as well as the osteoarthritic degeneration that occurs commonly in advanced age, articular cartilage shows a different set of biomechanical properties. Thus, articular cartilage has many biomechanical “faces” during the life stages of growth, aging, and osteoarthritis.
Educational Malpractice: The Price of Professionalism

ver the last two decades, educational malpractice has emerged as a formidable threat to educators. Increasingly, parents have brought suits on behalf of their children, alleging that teachers were either negligent or incapable of providing competent instruction, proper placement, and classification of their children. In these cases students have charged that they suffered academic injury by being denied the full benefits of a proper education. While numerous suits have been filed in the past, no case currently has been won by parents or students. However, with the emergence of school-based management, national teaching standards, and an emphasis on professionalism in education, the prospect of a successful malpractice challenge is greatly heightened. There is little doubt that somewhere in the foreseeable future a malpractice suit will be won by a student who has suffered academic injury.
L'homme intégral : dignité humaine et transcendance

Toute recherche, a fortiori en sciences humaines, sociales ou religieuses, qui ont pour objet des significations humaines et leurs interpretations, engage une definition de l’homme, a la fois comme point de depart et comme point d’arrivee, et doit, par consequent, en repondre, en raison meme de la responsabilite sociale qu’elle assume inevitablement. Seule la conception d’un homme integral, concu dans sa complexite et dans l’interaction de toutes ses dimensions, y compris celles qui depasse le seul cadre de sa realite materielle ou de son inscription historique immediate, permet de penser et de servir en meme temps la dignite intrinseque de tout homme, independamment de tout ce qui vise a exclure tel homme ou a justifier son exclusion anterieure ou ulterieure. Tout chercheur sert l’homme et tout recherche doit servir a l’expression de cette dignite absolue. La pensee chretienne enracine cet absolu en Dieu et la concoit comme participation a l’Absolue. L’imago Dei est le principe dont l’expression ultime est le Verbe fait chair, Image visible du Dieu invisible, car « le mystere de l’homme ne s’eclaire vraiment que dans le mystere du Verbe incarne. » (Vat.II GS 22). La dignite humaine n’est pas un totem ou un grigri, elle est le fruit d’une transcendance reconnue dans l’Incarnation redemptrice.
Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection: elimination with mass drug administration

Introduction: Ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the causative agent for trachoma, is responsible for 1.9 million cases of visual loss worldwide. Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with azithromyc...
Year in Surgical Thyroidology: Part 2

Abstract This series of two videos reprises the opening session of the 2019 Annual Meeting of the American Thyroid Association. A summary of original research articles influencing surgical thyroido...
Reduced TUBA1A Tubulin Causes Defects in Trafficking and Impaired Adult Motor Behavior.

Newly born neurons express high levels of TUBA1A α-tubulin to assemble microtubules for neurite extension and to provide tracks for intracellular transport. In the adult brain, Tuba1a expression decreases dramatically. A mouse that harbors a loss-of-function mutation in the gene encoding TUBA1A (Tuba1aND/+ ) allows us to ask whether TUBA1A is important for the function of mature neurons. α-Tubulin levels are about half of wild type in juvenile Tuba1aND/+ brains, but are close to normal in older animals. In postnatal day (P)0 cultured neurons, reduced TUBA1A allows for assembly of less microtubules in axons resulting in more pausing during organelle trafficking. While Tuba1aND/+ mouse behavior is indistinguishable from wild-type siblings at weaning, Tuba1aND/+ mice develop adult-onset ataxia. Neurons important for motor function in Tuba1aND/+ remain indistinguishable from wild-type with respect to morphology and number and display no evidence of axon degeneration. Tuba1aND/+ neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synapses are the same size as wild-type before the onset of ataxia, but are reduced in size in older animals. Together, these data indicate that the TUBA1A-rich microtubule tracks that are assembled during development are essential for mature neuron function and maintenance of synapses over time.
Liminal States of Disorienting Dilemmas: Two Case Studies of English Teacher Candidates.

Research has shown that progressive methods taught in teacher education programs have little impact on traditional approaches teacher candidates encounter during their internship semester. To under...
A Low-Barrier and Comprehensive Community-Based Harm-Reduction Site in Vancouver, Canada.

“The Molson” is a low-barrier, peer-staffed, supervised consumption site located in Vancouver, Canada. In addition to overdose response, this site offers drug checking and a colocated injectable hy...
Forecasting extreme labor displacement: A survey of AI practitioners

Abstract While labor-displacing AI has the potential to transform critical aspects of society in the near future, previous work has ignored the possibility of the extreme labor displacement scenarios that could result. To explore this we surveyed attendees of three AI conferences in 2018 about near-to-mid-term AI labor displacement as well as five more extreme labor-displacing AI scenarios. Practitioners indicated that a median of 22% of tasks which humans are currently paid to do could be automated with existing AI; they anticipate this figure rising to 40% in 5 years and 60% in 10 years. Median forecasts indicated a 50% probability of AI systems being capable of automating 90% of human tasks in 25 years and 99% of human tasks in 50 years. Practitioners surveyed at the different conferences had similar forecasts for AI labor displacement this decade, but attendees of the Human-level AI Conference had significantly shorter and more precise forecasts for the more extreme labor-displacing AI scenarios. Interestingly, median forecasts of a 10% probability of 90% and 99% of human tasks being automated were 10 years and 15 years, respectively. We conclude that future of work researchers should more carefully consider these relatively high likelihoods of extreme labor-displacing AI scenarios.
Seismic Response Characteristics of Liquefiable Sites with and without Sediment Ejecta Manifestation

AbstractDynamic nonlinear effective stress analysis of 45 well-documented liquefaction field case histories provides insights on the seismic response of sites where simplified liquefaction triggeri...
Water Resources Implications of Energy Development

Many new energy technology development programs have potentially significant but poorly understood water resources impacts. Two such technologies currently in the advanced stages of planning and demonstration are oil shale development in the Rocky Mountain region and enhanced gas recovery in the Appalachian region. The paper describes these two energy technologies and their respective water resources impacts. The analysis of western oil shale development focuses on groundwater quality and quantity impacts resulting from mining and in situ retorting activities. The examination of enhanced gas recovery development focuses on sediment load and other impacts resulting from widespread drilling and construction-related land surface modifications. Information and data from current technology demonstrations are integrated into the impact descriptions.
Hyperbolic–Parabolic Coupling and the Occurrence of Resonance in Partially Dissipative Systems

It is well known that elastic solids, when subjected to a time-periodic load of frequency ω, may respond with a drastic increase of the magnitude of basic kinematic and dynamic quantities, such as displacement, velocity and energy, whenever ω is near to one of the “proper frequencies” of the solid. This phenomenon is briefly described as resonance. Objective of our analysis is to investigate whether the interaction of an elastic solid with a dissipative agent can affect and possibly prevent the occurrence of resonance. We shall study this problem in a broad class of dynamical systems that we call partially dissipative, and whose dynamics is governed by strongly continuous semigroups of contractions. For such systems we will provide sharp necessary and sufficient conditions for the occurrence of resonance. Afterward, we shall furnish a number of applications to physically relevant problems including thermo- and magneto-elasticity, as well as several liquid–structure interaction models.
Effect of Proposed Grain Standards on Marketing Costs of the U.S. Sorghum Sector: An Interregional Transshipment-Plant Location Model

Recent legislative initiatives call for studies to evaluate costs associated with cleaning U.S. grains to meet more stringent standards. This paper reports on a study which developed a mixed-integer programming model of the U.S. sorghum sector to (I) determine the least-cost geographic location for new cleaning investment at the country, terminal and port elevator stages of the marketing system and (2) measure additional system marketing costs associated with implementing the proposed standards. Results show the least-cost cleaning location to be at country and terminal elevators in excess supply regions, implementing the proposed standard would increase system costs about 2 percent.
A linear system of equations with constraints for multipoint queries in image retrieval

In this paper, we argue that two inferences can be made from the results of recent studies: the continuity of image representation and the non-homogeneity of feature space. These characteristics enable the identification of points that satisfy the constraints established in multipoint queries in any orthogonal feature representations. The set can be described by a linear system of equations with constraints. We look at several existing techniques and propose one that can retrieve the set efficiently. We evaluated the performance of our present technique on large sets of images. The results indicate that the new representation matches semantic classes of images very well. The superiority of our approach is evident in the experimental results and in actual implementation.
The Nature of Film Spectators

Francesco Casetti _Inside the Gaze: The Fiction Film and its Spectator_ Translated by Nell Andrew with Charles O\'Brien Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1998 ISBN: 0-253-21232-4 (pb); 0-253-33443-8 (hb) xviii + 174 pp.
Breeding and Improvement of Forage Sorghums for the Tropics

Publisher Summary Sorghum belongs to the tribe Andropogoneae of the Gramineae family Poaceae. It is a coarse, perennial grass that is treated as an annual in temperate or subtropical climes where cold temperature limits growth and development. In tropical regions, however, it can be harvested many times. All types, except the Sudan grasses, produce some grain that adds to the feeding quality and enhances subsequent utilization. Forage sorghums in the tropics are used predominately as a temporary alternative to perennial forages when the latter are in a low-biomass production cycle or their quality is not adequate to sustain animals. In general, temperate grasses are more digestible than tropical ones. High temperatures, low nutrient inputs, pathogen pressure, acid soil infertility and stresses, and genetic variability all contribute to this low digestibility problem in the tropics. This chapter concentrates on the genetic improvement of forage sorghums.
e-Business Innovation: The Next Decade

Innovation is invention or application of technologies or theories that radically alters business and the economy. For many years, innovation and the economy have been locked in 80-year cycles, which might imply that innovation is an economic driver, and vice versa. Based on this, some forecast that innovation and the economy might decrease sharply due to several forces: a) decreasing economic growth, b) increasing demand for custom services, c) more entrepreneurial work environments, and d) urban and environmental degradation. Should such forecasts hold true, business may need to alter its offerings, operations and organization to survive. Such a scenario may also require applied e-Business innovation by combining existing internet, wireless, broadband, and video technologies. One possible result: flexible front offices integrated with efficient back offices. Such an e-Business could comprise: a) a customer-based and transaction-based organization, b) functions for adaptive offerings that anticipate need, c) highly responsive, real-time, operations having no inventory, and d) value-based front-end, and automated back-end, decision making.
Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter liquefaciens

Production of 5'-nucleotides by Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter liquefaciens correlates with deoxyribonuclease production, indicating the close relationship between these two organisms. To determine further relationships, susceptibilities of 279 strains of the tribe Klebsielleae were determined by the high-potency disc method, agar-dilution method, or both, by using 14 antibiotics. Ninety-seven per cent of S. marcescens (201 of 207 strains) and 100% of E. liquefaciens (17 strains) had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 mug/ml or greater with colistin and polymyxin B. With these two antibiotics, 93% of other Enterobacter species (28 strains) had MIC values of less than 1.6 mug/ml, and 100% of Klebsiella (27 strains) had MIC values less than 1.6 mug/ml. Consistent patterns were not noted with the other antibiotics tested, but the results with colistin and polymyxin B provide additional evidence of the close relationship of S. marcescens and E. liquefaciens.
Elevated soluble Interleukin-2 receptor in childhood hemophagocytic histiocytic syndromes

The serum of children with untreated hemophagocytic syndromes contains elevated levels (23,600 to 75,200 U/mL) of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL2R) that returns toward normal with clinical improvement. These levels are in excess of levels previously reported for benign conditions. They are as high as levels reported for HTLV-1-associated adult T-cell leukemia (HATL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) in adults and some children with poor-prognosis non-T, non-B, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Serum SIL-2R is a marker of disease activity that has the potential to identify infants at risk for the inherited form of the disease before the disease is clinically expressed.
Distances Using a Supergiant Stars

With modern detectors it is possible to obtain spectra of individual stars in nearby galaxies. A and B supergiants are among the brightest stars in galaxies with young populations, and it has long been known that these objects have spectral characteristics that are luminosity dependent. There are two physical processes that conspire to weaken the Balmer absorption lines in more luminous stars. (1) Surface gravity is reduced in the brighter stars, leading to narrower photospheric hydrogen absorption lines. (2) Mass loss is greater in the brighter stars, leading to hydrogen line emission in extended atmospheres that tends to fill in the photospheric absorption lines.
Using Object Modeling Techniques To Design MLS Data Models

The expressiveness of the data model has a significant impact on the functionality of the resulting database system. The more general the data model, the less need be lost when the conceptual model is mapped onto a particular data model.
A high-energy, ultrashort-pulse x-ray system for the dynamic study of heavy, dense materials

Thomson-scattering based x-ray radiation sources, in which a laser beam is scattered off a relativistic electron beam resulting in a high-energy x-ray beam, are currently being developed by several groups around the world to enable studies of dynamic material properties which require temporal resolution on the order of tens of femtoseconds to tens of picoseconds. These sources offer pulses that are shorter than available from synchrotrons, more tunable than available from so-called Ka sources, and more penetrating and more directly probing than ultrafast lasers. Furthermore, Thomson-scattering sources can scale directly up to x-ray energies in the few MeV range, providing peak brightnesses far exceeding any other sources in this regime. This dissertation presents the development effort of one such source at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Picosecond Laser-Electron InterAction for the Dynamic Evaluation of Structures (PLEIADES) project, designed to target energies from 30 keV to 200 keV, with a peak brightness on the order of 10{sup 18} photons {center_dot} s{sup -1} {center_dot} mm{sup -2} {center_dot} mrad{sup -2} {center_dot} 0.01% bandwidth{sup -1}. A 10 TW Ti:Sapphire based laser system provides the photons for the interaction, and a 100 MeV accelerator with a 1.6 cell S-Band photoinjector at the front end providesmore » the electron beam. The details of both these systems are presented, as is the initial x-ray production and characterization, validating the theory of Thomson scattering. In addition to the systems used to enable PLEIADES, two alternative systems are discussed. An 8.5 GHz X-Band photoinjector, capable of sustaining higher accelerating gradients and producing lower emittance electron beams in a smaller space than the S-Band gun, is presented, and the initial operation and commissioning of this gun is presented. Also, a hybrid chirped-pulse amplification system is presented as an alternative to the standard regenerative amplifier technology in high-power ultrafast laser systems. This system combines an optical-parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) system with a titanium:sapphire-based four-pass amplifier to provide the high pre-pulse contrast and ease of assembly of an OPCPA using a commercial pump laser while avoiding the loss of efficiency such a system would normally entail.« less
Elastic wave scattering in random anisotropic solids

Abstract A general ultrasonic scattering model for a polycrystal with arbitrary macroscopic texture and triclinic ellipsoidal grains is developed allowing the texture and grain orientation frames to be independent and the wave propagation direction arbitrary in those frames. Numerical examples are given for an approximate texture model exhibiting triclinic macroscopic symmetry for triclinic crystallites. The scattering coefficients are obtained from integrands of the attenuation coefficients recently derived elsewhere in the Born approximation for the same problem. The results obtained are reducible to the known scattering/backscattering coefficients for a macroscopically isotropic medium in the limit of negligible macroscopic anisotropy. The model is applicable to most single phase polycrystalline materials that may occur as a result of thermomechanical manufacturing processes leading to different macrotextures and ellipsoidal shaped grains. As in the macroscopically isotropic case, the scattering coefficients are factorized into an elastic factor dependent on the preferred crystallographic orientation of the grains and a frequency dependent geometric factor affected by grain size and shape. A general reciprocity relationship for the scattering coefficients is obtained and discussed. Simulation results are presented to shed light on the effect of texture, grain shape and nondimensional frequency on ultrasonic scattering. An approximation of the quasilongitudinal wave polarization, that neglects the deviation of the polarization vector from the propagation direction, on the backscattering coefficient is investigated and the error of the approximation is estimated.
Status for Suspension Connection for SSC Coil Assembly

Superconducting Super Collider dipole magnets require an integrated suspension system to meet the structural and thermal requirements outlined in the design criteria. Sliding suspension connections which retain the cold mass assembly during static and dynamic loading, while allowing axial motion during thermal contraction are an integral part of this magnet suspension system. Variations from the original prototype design have been tested and their performance compared. The results of these evaluations, and areas of future investigation are described.