cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Microtubule-associated protein 1B: a neuronal binding partner for myelin-associated glycoprotein

Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is expressed in periaxonal membranes of myelinating glia where it is believed to function in glia–axon interactions by binding to a component of the axolemma. Experiments involving Western blot overlay and coimmunoprecipitation demonstrated that MAG binds to a phosphorylated neuronal isoform of microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGNs) and axolemma-enriched fractions from myelinated axons of brain, but not to the isoform of MAP1B expressed by glial cells. The expression of some MAP1B as a neuronal plasma membrane glycoprotein (Tanner, S.L., R. Franzen, H. Jaffe, and R.H. Quarles. 2000. J. Neurochem. 75:553–562.), further documented here by its immunostaining without cell permeabilization, is consistent with it being a binding partner for MAG on the axonal surface. Binding sites for a MAG-Fc chimera on DRGNs colocalized with MAP1B on neuronal varicosities, and MAG and MAP1B also colocalized in the periaxonal region of myelinated axons. In addition, expression of the phosphorylated isoform of MAP1B was increased significantly when DRGNs were cocultured with MAG-transfected COS cells. The interaction of MAG with MAP1B is relevant to the known role of MAG in affecting the cytoskeletal structure and stability of myelinated axons.
An ounce of prevention: decreasing painful interventions in the NICU.

Despite a proliferation of literature relative to pain physiology, assessment, and treatment, pain management in NICUs remains inconsistent—most often focused on assessment and treatment rather than prevention. The acceptance of pain as an inevitable part of NICU hospitalization is part of the culture in many NICUs. This article is intended to encourage discussion of pain prevention in the NICU, with a goal of creating a new "minimal-pain" NICU culture. The focus of NICU pain management programs should be on decreasing the number of painful events the NICU patient experiences. Areas for consideration include assessing the performance of procedures by novice versus experienced NICU personnel, reevaluating the role of pediatrie residents in the treatment of NICU patients, evaluating the use of umbilical lines and peripherally inserted central catheters to reduce the frequency of peripheral punctures, and evaluating the admission process for ways to reduce neonatal pain and stress. This article discusses the physiology of pain in the neonate, identifies adverse outcomes related to repeated pain, and proposes practice changes that can prevent unnecessary pain in neonatal care. This clinical case occurred, not 20 or even 10 years ago, but in 2008. Despite greater knowledge about pain physiology
Design of indirectly driven, high-compression Inertial Confinement Fusion implosions with improved hydrodynamic stability using a 4-shock adiabat-shaped drive

Experimental results from indirectly driven ignition implosions during the National Ignition Campaign (NIC) [M. J. Edwards et al., Phys. Plasmas 20, 070501 (2013)] achieved a record compression of the central deuterium-tritium fuel layer with measured areal densities up to 1.2 g/cm2, but with significantly lower total neutron yields (between 1.5 × 1014 and 5.5 × 1014) than predicted, approximately 10% of the 2D simulated yield. An order of magnitude improvement in the neutron yield was subsequently obtained in the “high-foot” experiments [O. A. Hurricane et al., Nature 506, 343 (2014)]. However, this yield was obtained at the expense of fuel compression due to deliberately higher fuel adiabat. In this paper, the design of an adiabat-shaped implosion is presented, in which the laser pulse is tailored to achieve similar resistance to ablation-front instability growth, but with a low fuel adiabat to achieve high compression. Comparison with measured performance shows a factor of 3–10× improvement in the neutron yield (>40% of predicted simulated yield) over similar NIC implosions, while maintaining a reasonable fuel compression of >1 g/cm2. Extension of these designs to higher laser power and energy is discussed to further explore the trade-off between increased implosion velocity and the deleterious effects of hydrodynamic instabilities.
Research on Sleepers River at Danville, Vermont

Research in hydrology and biology at Danville, Vermont is focused upon the complex physical processes in natural watersheds, leading to development of methods for predicting behavior of ungaged areas. Reliability of a precipitation gage record for specifying daily amounts at other points of interest was investigated by establishing correlation response surface around gages. Measurement of runoff production to streams suggests most of the contribution to storm hydrographs is produced in the immediate vicinity of channels. Diurnal fluctuations in streamflow may be accounted for by evaporation from streams and adjacent wet areas. Many coliform bacteria from storm samples are of streambed and bank origin, not from overland flushing of pollutants into streams. Cation concentrations in streams increase downstream, and are highly correlative with discharge. Distribution of aquatic insects in five streams was a function of water temperature and channel velocity only.
I-Os in the vanguard of big data analytics and privacy

In this response to Guzzo, Fink, King, Tonidandel, and Landis ( 2015 ), we suggest industrial–organizational (I-O) psychologists join business analysts, data scientists, statisticians, mathematicians, and economists in creating the vanguard of expertise as we acclimate to the reality of analytics in the world of big data. We enthusiastically accept their invitation to share our perspective that extends the discussion in three key areas of the focal article—that is, big data sources, logistic and analytic challenges, and data privacy and informed consent on a global scale. In the subsequent sections, we share our thoughts on these critical elements for advancing I-O psychology's role in leveraging and adding value from big data.
Will Today's Workers Retire with Adequate Income? How are Today's Retirees Surviving from a Financial Perspective?

A confluence of changing conditions has created a growing concern about whether America's current workers will receive an adequate income in retirement. This issue was examined at the Employee Benefit Research Institute's December 2003 policy forum, where experts examined current research on retirement savings and retirement income adequacy, the resources workers are likely to need in retirement, how current retirees are faring financially, and the implications for consumers, business, and government. There was agreement that the American retirement system was stressed and that there was a need for continuing change to meet new circumstances. Individuals will have to take a more active role in planning for retirement during their working years.
Deterministic generation of remote entanglement with active quantum feedback

We consider the task of deterministically entangling two remote qubits using joint measurement and feedback, but no directly entangling Hamiltonian. In order to formulate the most effective experimentally feasible protocol, we introduce the notion of average-sense locally optimal feedback protocols, which do not require real-time quantum state estimation, a difficult component of real-time quantum feedback control. We use this notion of optimality to construct two protocols that can deterministically create maximal entanglement: a semiclassical feedback protocol for low-efficiency measurements and a quantum feedback protocol for high-efficiency measurements. The latter reduces to direct feedback in the continuous-time limit, whose dynamics can be modeled by a Wiseman-Milburn feedback master equation, which yields an analytic solution in the limit of unit measurement efficiency. Our formalism can smoothly interpolate between continuous-time and discrete-time descriptions of feedback dynamics and we exploit this feature to derive a superior hybrid protocol for arbitrary nonunit measurement efficiency that switches between quantum and semiclassical protocols. Finally, we show using simulations incorporating experimental imperfections that deterministic entanglement of remote superconducting qubits may be achieved with current technology using the continuous-time feedback protocol alone.
Effects of the Global and Domestic Business and Economic Factors on Aggregate Output in Austria

Based on a quarterly sample during 2003.Q1 – 2015.Q1, this paper finds that Austria’s aggregate output is positively affected by the lagged German or U.S. output, the real oil price and labor productivity and is negatively influenced by real effective exchange rate appreciation, the real lending rate, central government debt as a percent of GDP and the expected inflation rate. Hence, a rising oil price would not harm aggregate output, and recent depreciation of the euro would be beneficial to aggregate output.
Hemagglutinins in sera of Africans of Gambia.

SummaryThirty-eight sera from Africans of Gambia were studied serologically. Twenty-two sera had increased titers of agglutinins to guinea pig erythrocytes and 20 had increased titers of rat hemagglutinins. Of 19 individuals of blood group O, 9 had increased titers of agglutinins to human A and/or B erythrocytes. Eleven of 38 sera agglutinated human blood group O erythrocytes exposed to trypsin. Possible relation of these serological findings to infectious processes, especially malaria, is discussed.
Spectrum Issues Faced by Active Remote Sensing: Radio frequency interference and operational restrictions Technical Committees

The scientific users of radio frequencies must contend with the fact that the spectrum is becoming increasingly crowded, which is in large measure due to the advent of advanced affordable electronics and mobile wireless technology. The growing demand for bandwidth has sparked increased discussions in the microwave remote sensing community of how to respond to this crowded spectrum environment and how to deal with the consequent issues of radio frequency interference (RFI). The National Research Council (NRC) published a study in 2010, "Spectrum Management for Science in the 21st Century" [1], that examined the increasing difficulties encountered by passive microwave measurements in the presence of the expanding worldwide commercial and governmental occupancy of the radio spectrum. The challenges faced by passive sensors also have been summarized in a 2014 IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine article [2]. Recognizing that active microwave sensors also face spectrum-related issues, NASA later commissioned the NRC to perform a similar study, "A Strategy for Active Remote Sensing Amid Increased Demand for Radio Spectrum," which was recently published in July 2015 [3]. (In this article, the report will be abbreviated as the NRC Active Sensing Report.) This report addresses the spectrum issues faced by active science sensors, primarily radars, and makes recommendations to government, industry, and the remote sensing community going forward. The report considers multiple types of active sensors including ground-based operational weather radars, ionospheric sensing radar, and radar astronomy. This article focuses on spectrum topics related primarily to Earth remote sensing from aircraft and spacecraft.
How Robust is Institutionalized Extortion? A Field Experiment with Truck Drivers in West Africa

The finding that extortion by state officials is regulated by highly routinized practices and strategies (Olken and Barron, 2009; Sequeira, 2012) lends credence to the theoretical claim that corruption should be viewed as an ‘informal institution’ (Banerjee, 1997; Darden, 2008; Hollyer and Wantchekon, 2015). If extortion is an institution, how institutionalized is it? How robust are the routines and norms of extortion to shocks to actors’ expectations?I present the results of a field experiment that attempted to randomly manipulate the expectations of the low-level officials who extort truck drivers for money along the main trade corridors of West Africa. Over a two-week period traveling with different truck drivers on over 1,500 miles of highway, I randomly assigned a subset of 123 interactions between drivers and officials at checkpoints in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo and Benin to be overtly observed and recorded by me, an obvious outsider. Prior to the experiment, I elicited expectations about how this intervention would impact such interactions from 20 experts in the field of logistics and road governance in West Africa. Using a Bayesian model to integrate both the expert and the experimental data, I discuss different kinds of updating that this framework makes possible, and how this affects posterior certainty about both treatment effects and expert bias.
Red cell volume-related ion transport systems in hemoglobinopathies

This article examines the expression of ion transporters involved in cell volume regulation in erythrocytes of patients homozygous for hemoglobin S (Hb S) with SS cells, of patients homozygous for Hb C (CC cells), or from patients with SC disease whose red cells contain both Hb S and Hb C (SC cells). Transport proteins that control intracellular cation content and, hence, red cell volume, may have pathophysiologic implications for these hemoglobinopathies.
Clinical status of human embryo cryopreservation in the United States of America.

This report describes the results with frozen human embryos from 25 member institutions of the Society of Assisted Reproductive Technology with cryopreservation experience before 1989. Two thousand eighty-five patients had a total of 7397 oocytes and pre-implantation embryos frozen. The number of oocytes, zygotes, cleaved embryos, and blastocysts frozen, thawed, transferred, and the resulting number of pregnancies were 463/127/8/0, 2,133/778/540/47, 4,460/1,567/1,089/68, and 341/186/138/3, respectively. The number of embryos transferred per pregnancy and pregnancy rate per transfer for zygotes, cleaved embryos, and blastocysts were 11.5/17.4%, 16.0/12.5%, and 46.0/4.3%, respectively. The average number of frozen-thawed embryos transferred per pregnancy was 15.0 and the average clinical pregnancy rate per transfer was 13.4%. Forty-eight births have resulted in 41 singletons and 7 sets of twins. Of centers reporting frozenthawed transfers, 54.6% (12/22) have at least one clinical pregnancy and 75.0% (9/12) of centers reporting a pregnancy have at least one birth.
Genuine stress urinary incontinence in women. New laparoscopic paravaginal reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: To assess a new laparoscopic technique of paravaginal repair, adapted from a classic laparotomy procedure, for genuine stress urinary incontinence. STUDY DESIGN: From January 1992 to July 1997, 28 patients in a consecutive, prospective clinical case study were subjected to laparoscopic paravaginal repair. No concomitant surgery was performed. A clinical diagnosis of genuine stress urinary incontinence was documented by cystometry following a positive cough stress test. When indicated, a multichannel uro-dynamics study was performed. RESULTS: In 16 patients (57%) of 28, the right pelvic side was affected, and in 43% fascia damage was identified and repaired bilaterally. The average operative time was 2 hours, 45 minutes; average blood loss was 1.2 g hemoglobin. No intraoperative, immediate postoperative, delayed postoperative or anesthesia-associated complications were observed. Patients were discharged from the surgical units in an average of 5 hours, 15 minutes. There was no postoperative hospital readmission. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic paravaginal repair is simple and safe and has a 93% cure rate. It is an attractive alternative to laparotomy.
Liquid chromatographic determination of acriflavine and proflavine residues in channel catfish muscle.

A liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for determination of acriflavine (ACR) and proflavine (PRO) residues in channel catfish muscle. Residues were extracted with acidified methanol solution, and extracts were cleaned up with C 18 solid-phase extraction columns. Residue concentrations were determined on an LC cyano column, with spectrophotometric detection at 454 nm. Catfish muscle was individually fortified with ACR (purified from commercial product) and PRO at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 ppb (5 replicates per level). Mean recoveries from fortified muscle at each level ranged from 86 to 95%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.5 to 5.7%. The method was applied to incurred residues of ACR and PRO in muscle after waterborne exposure of channel catfish to commercial acriflavine (10 ppm total dye for 4 h). RSDs for incurred residues of ACR and PRO were in the same range as those for fortified muscle. Low residue concentrations (<1 % of exposure water concentration) suggested poor absorption of ACR and PRO in catfish.
"Good Enough" to Release: A Probabilistic Assessment Methodology for Computer-Based Systems

A methodology for the probabilistic assessment of the "good enough to release" quality of computer-based systems is presented in this dissertation. The "'Good Enough' to Release" (GETR) Methodology is a process by which engineering judgment as to the acceptability and importance of disparate evidence is transformed into a system-level assessment as to the overall acceptability of a computer-based system for release to a user community. Formalizing what can be an intuitive, ad-hoc assessment brings several benefits, such as the abilities to document, reproduce, audit, and analyze an assessment. The process is also structured to provide identification and quantification of sources of uncertainty inherent in such an assessment. The methodology has three main components: a mathematical model of the assessment, methods for populating the model, and result analyses. The assessment is modeled using a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN); thus, the model presented in this dissertation is called GETR BBN. A novel means of populating the model, the Quantifying Judgment Method for Bayesian Belief Networks (QJ-BBN) is presented in this dissertation. QJ-BBN is a method by which expert opinion as to the contributions of various evidence are transformed into indices that can be calibrated into subjective conditional probabilities. Finally, GETR Methodology offers two types of Contribution Analyses (CA), providing information to direct future iterations of a given assessment: Contribution Importance Analysis (CIA) and Contribution Uncertainty Analysis (CUA). The importance measures are developed using the definition of the traditional sensitivity analysis measure, the partial derivative of system output with respect to a given input. CUA identifies sets of various evidence probabilities that result in certain overall GETR probabilities using Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, examples of how GETR Methodology can be used to support release assessments are given. The featured systems are in-house developed analytical tools. The choice to focus this research on this type of assessment was made primarily because of the challenges posed by the conditions under which the decisions are made and the perceived lack of support for release assessments for this class of unique computer-based systems among experts.
The Timing of Brain Maturation, Early Experience, and the Human Social Niche

The scaling of duration of human neurodevelopment is highly predictable from primate and general mammalian development. This highly predictable, stepwise nature of early brain development, including neurogenesis, axon extension and synaptogenesis, circuit assembly, and initial behavior contrasts with the more malleable nature of brain development as it interacts with the life history events of birth and weaning, which occur at variable times with respect to neural maturation. The early birth and weaning in humans place them in an unusual developmental niche, decoupled from unique association with the mother, for most of their extended development.
Treated-and-released urinary catheterization in the emergency department by sex.

Background The prevalence and difference in likely indications of urinary catheterization (UC) in treated-and-released emergency department (ED) visits between men and women are currently unknown. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis using the 2013 National Emergency Department Sample for all treated-and-released visits in persons aged ≥18 years. The prevalence of conditions associated with UC visits in men and women were identified. A hierarchical ranking was used to categorize diagnosis codes identified during ED visits into clinically meaningful categories to assess conditions for UC. Results In 2013, there were 87,797,062 treated-and-released ED visits in adults. The rate of UC in treated-and-released ED visits in adults was 4.3 per 1,000 visits, with 6.5 per 1,000 visits in men and 2.7 per 1,000 visits in women. Using the hierarchal ranking, a higher proportion of UC visits in men were coded for acute urinary retention, and a higher proportion of UC visits in women were coded for neurologic, cognitive, and psychiatric conditions. Conclusions The rate of UC in treated-and-released ED visits was higher in men than women, and UC rate increased with age. The heterogeneity of conditions coded in UC visits in women compared with men may suggest more potentially avoidable UC in women in the treated-and-released ED population. If confirmed, this would suggest opportunities for quality improvement in the ED to prevent overutilization of urinary catheters.
Hagedorn temperature in superstring bit model and S U ( N ) characters

We study the simplest superstring bit model at finite $N$ using the characters of the $SU(N)$ group. We obtain exact, analytic expressions for small $N$ partition functions and Gaussian approximations for them in the high-temperature limit for all $N$. We use numerical evidence to identify two temperature regimes where the partition function has different limiting behaviors. The temperature at which this transition takes place is identified as the Hagedorn temperature.
The Impact of Personality on Users' Specific Privacy Concerns Regarding Personal Health Information

The increased use of health information technology has made a wide range of personal health information available for practitioners and researchers alike. Notably, as more personal health information becomes available, there is increasing concern for the data's privacy. Personal electronic health information, i.e., digital report(s) of real-time patient-centered information, are a relatively new phenomenon for many of us to confront these days. Prior studies have examined the construct of privacy in-depth including cross-cultural perspective [1], analysis at different levels - organizational, group, and individual [2], literature reviews [3, 2] and more.Expounding on these areas, research is now beginning to investigate the influence personal characteristics has on privacy. Rather than viewing privacy concerns as a single multidimensional consequence, our study examines the link between personality traits and individual privacy concern dimensions. A widely established proxy for privacy [4], known as the concern for information privacy (CFIP), consists of four components: collection, errors, unauthorized secondary use and improper access.Unlike previous studies, we treat each of the privacy concern dimensions separately to determine how personality affects each specific concern. For some personality traits, we expect there to be a significant effect across all four dimensions; in others, the effect on some dimensions is expected to be significantly higher than others. In healthcare, the appropriate control of the information is viewed as an obligation of health care professionals from an ethics perspective but also as a function of their expertise, power and professional status [5]. We expect that characteristics such as the dynamic nature of healthcare and the private and intimate essence of patient information will highlight explicable relationships between personality traits and dimensions of privacy.We have developed a Likert-scale-based survey instrument corresponding to the model, gathered data, and are currently analyzing the dataset using structural equation modeling. We hope that the results of our study (once completed) will be beneficial for subsequent studies as well as for practitioners interfacing with concerned users of health data.
Some Contemporary Theories of Justice

The analytic school of legal theorists, whose members are committed to the analysis of ordinary language in the wake of Wittgenstein, have had a prominent representative in the philosophy of law in John Rawls. Rawls’ ideas have been known hitherto chiefly through the medium of journal articles. Chief among these is “Justice as Fairness” which appeared in the Philosophical Review in 1958 and has been reprinted.1 Now he has emerged at last with a comprehensive treatise on justice, in which there is no doubt he makes a major claim.2 How important is it? Judged by the enthusiastic response he has had from serious critics, very important. In the present chapter I have set out to see for myself just what the nature and extent of that importance is.
Guidelines for Ethical Use of Manual Restraint in Public School Settings for Behaviorally Disordered Students.

Practitioners have at their disposal many empirically validated strategies for managing aggressive behavior. In addition, the legal and ethical implications of these techniques have received consid...
Selective Deficits in Language Comprehension Following Early Left and Right Hemisphere Damage

Twenty-four children with discrete left or right hemisphere damage and 24 healthy controls were tested on their ability to judge the truth of embedded complements in sentences like ‘Max remembered that he locked the door’ and ‘Max remembered to lock the door’. Experimental sentences varied according to the type of matrix verb (know, remember or forget), the presence or absence of syntactic and/or lexical negation, and the syntax of the embedded complement (tensed or untensed). The results of a sentence-question task revealed hemispheric differences in syntactic, semantic and pragmatic language competence. Subjects with left hemisphere damage failed to vary their truth-value judgments according to the syntax of the sentence. In contrast, subjects with right hemisphere damage demonstrated a selective deficit in processing certain types of lexical-semantic and pragmatic information. These results converge with the adult neurolinguistic literature and suggest an early specialization of both hemispheres for certain types of language knowledge.
Electroactive Polymers: Consequenses of Electron Delocalization

Linear polyenes and heteroaromatic polymers (which we shall hereafter refer to collectively as delocalized electron polymers) have received considerable attention during the past decade because of their interesting electrical conductivity properties.1 As summarized in Fig.1, pristine polymers routinely exhibit electrical conductivities typical of insulators or semiconductors. However, upon doping by chemical, electrochemical, or ion implantation, methods, conductivities are observed to increase to metallic levels. Such electrical conductivity behavior has attracted theoretical attention because of the contribution of solitonic and polaronic species to electrical conductivity.2-8 In order to verify theoretical predictions, considerable experimental effort has been focused upon definition of "intrinsic" domain-wall defect (highest occupied molecular orbital) delocalization and upon measuring (soliton/polaron) diffusion, including both intra- and intermolecular contributions tc the diffusion coefficient. Substantial insight has been obtained concerning the detailed mechanisms of electrical conductivity, but questions remain, motivating the search for materials which will provide additional insight as well as practical utility.
Statistical learning and bilingualism

Purpose Over the last 2 decades, research on statistical learning has demonstrated its importance in supporting language development. Notably, most of the research to date has focused on monolingua...
Varicella and Herpes Zoster

All children without contraindications should receive two doses of varicella vaccine (trade name: Varivax®) after 1 year of age and at least 3 months apart. The first dose should be administered between 12 and 15 months of age and the second between 4 and 6 years of age, generally at the same time as measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine (abbreviation: MMR; trade name: M-M-R II®). The CDC recommends that MMR and varicella vaccine be administered separately albeit simultaneously for the first dose in order to reduce the risk of infant fever and febrile seizures, but the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella combination vaccine (abbreviation: MMRV; trade name: ProQuad®) vaccine can be administered for the second dose. The ACIP recommends all persons over 13 years of age without evidence of varicella immunity receive 2 doses of varicella vaccine separated by a minimum of 4 weeks. Immunity to varicella is especially important for health care personnel. Two doses of recombinant zoster vaccine (abbreviation: RZV; trade name: Shingrix®) are recommended for all persons without contraindications over 50 years of age, including among those who have previously been vaccinated with live attenuated zoster vaccine (abbreviation: ZVL; trade name: Zostavax®). One dose of ZVL is still recommended for all persons without contraindications over 60 years of age in the absence of RZV. However, there is now a preferential recommendation for RZV over ZVL.
Medical Treatment of Pouchitis

Abstract Pouchitis is the most common complication in patients with ulcerative colitis who undergo restorative proctocolectomy. Pouchitis is not homogenous in underlying etiology, clinical presentation, response to medical therapy and prognosis. Rather, pouchitis represents a disease spectrum, with ranging etiopathogenetic pathways, disease phenotypes, and clinical courses. Based on the etiopathogenesis, pouchitis can be broadly classified in to microbiota-associated (dysbiosis-related vs pathogen-related), immune-mediated, and ischemia-associated types. This new classification system has helped to direct proper medical therapy. For example, antimicrobial therapy is beneficial for microbiota-associated pouchitis. Antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive agents have been used for immune-mediated pouchitis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be attempted for the treatment of ischemia-associated pouchitis.
EDTA functionalized magnetic nanoparticle sorbents for cadmium and lead contaminated water treatment

Cadmium (Cd(2+)) and lead (Pb(2+)) are toxic to human beings and other organisms, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified both as probable human carcinogens. In this study, a regenerable magnetic ligand particle (Mag-Ligand) which includes a metal-binding organic ligand (EDTA) attached to an iron oxide nanoparticle was developed for rapid removal of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) as well as other metals from contaminated water. Mag-Ligand showed fast removal ability for both Cd(2+) (<2 h) and Pb(2+) (<15 min) with relatively high sorption capacity (79.4 and 100.2 mg/g for Cd(2+) and Pb(2+), respectively). The removal performance of Mag-Ligand was high across a wide pH range (3-10) as well as in the presence of competitive metal ions (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)). In addition, Mag-Ligands can be easily regenerated (washed by 1% HCl) and reused several cycles with high sorption capacity. This study indicated that Mag-Ligand is a reusable sorbent for rapid, convenient, and efficient removal of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) from contaminated aquatic systems.
Remembering Gotham: Urban Legends, Public History, and Representations of Poverty, Crime, and Race in New York City

The "past" is never truly past, nor are historians/archaeologists privileged stewards of a city's memory. The moment ground was broken at Five Points, researchers encountered a public avidly interested in the history of New York's legendary nineteenth-century "slum." From the 1840s this Manhattan neighbor hood provided journalists with grist for lurid tabloid tales, creating a grim literary legacy that lingers in popular historical memory into the twenty-first century and also continues to shape public perceptions of poverty andantipoverty policies. New York's press remains steeped in memories of a crime-infested Five Points. Even as researchers uncovered nineteenth-century accounts of gangs, prostitution, and sweat-shop labor at the Five Points, our own newspapers arrived with blaring headlines drawing on nineteenth-century stereotypes of poverty, race, and place. The struggle to create alternative accounts of life in Five Points based on archae ological evidence clashed with these tenacious narratives and the class interests informing them.
Engineering Zero-Dimensional Quantum Confinement in Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures.

Achieving robust, localized quantum states in two-dimensional (2D) materials like graphene is desirable for optoelectronics and quantum information yet challenging due to the difficulties in confining Dirac fermions. Traditional colloidal nanoparticle and epitaxially grown quantum dots are also impractical for solid-state devices, due to either complex surface chemistry, unreliable spatial positioning, or lack of electrical and optical access. In this work, we design and optimize nanoscale monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures to natively host massive Dirac fermion bound states. We develop an integrated multiscale approach to translate first-principles electronic structure to higher length scales, where we apply a continuum model to consider arbitrary 2D quantum dot geometries and sizes. Focusing on a model system of an MoS2 quantum dot in a WS2 matrix (MoS2/WS2), we find discrete bound states in triangular dots with side lengths up to 20 nm. We propose figures of merit that, wh...
Is it Worth the Regret? Deciding to Engage in Employee Voice

The current study integrated emotion, specifically anticipated regret, into the decision process for employee voice. As a cognitively mediated emotion, anticipated regret is unique from previously studied voice factors (i.e., motivators and inhibitors) that influence risk judgments and voice decisions. Two studies utilizing an experimental moderated mediation design was used to examine the indirect influence of risk on voice intent through both anticipated voice and silence regret. In both studies, high-risk voice situations led to higher anticipated voice regret, lower anticipated silence regret, and decreased intent to voice compared with low-risk situations. Anticipated regret for engaging in voice was found to mediate the relationship between risk and voice intent in both studies, and also exhibited a significantly stronger indirect effect. This indicates that employees differentially weigh the two types of anticipated regret, especially for situations with greater risk. These findings were consistent across two voice scenarios and two samples, illustrating its robustness to different workplace contexts. Importantly, our study indicates that judgments of risk influence an employee’s anticipated emotions, leading to regret-averse behavior. In contrast to previous research, this study demonstrated that emotion-based factors do not always lead to rash or irrational decision-making. Instead, anticipated regret was integrated into the traditional, utility-based voice calculation and allowed individuals to augment their voice decisions by anticipating and acting upon their desired emotional outcomes. By jointly considering traditional voice factors and anticipated emotions, we provide a novel pathway for organizations to understand employee voice and silence.
Proteomic method to extract, concentrate, digest and enrich peptides from fossils with coloured (humic) substances for mass spectrometry analyses

Humic substances are breakdown products of decaying organic matter that co-extract with proteins from fossils. These substances are difficult to separate from proteins in solution and interfere with analyses of fossil proteomes. We introduce a method combining multiple recent advances in extraction protocols to both concentrate proteins from fossil specimens with high humic content and remove humics, producing clean samples easily analysed by mass spectrometry (MS). This method includes: (i) a non-demineralizing extraction buffer that eliminates protein loss during the demineralization step in routine methods; (ii) filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) of peptides, which concentrates and digests extracts in one filter, allowing the separation of large humics after digestion; (iii) centrifugal stage tipping, which further clarifies and concentrates samples in a uniform process performed simultaneously on multiple samples. We apply this method to a moa fossil (approx. 800-1000 years) dark with humic content, generating colourless samples and enabling the detection of more proteins with greater sequence coverage than previous MS analyses on this same specimen. This workflow allows analyses of low-abundance proteins in fossils containing humics and thus may widen the range of extinct organisms and regions of their proteomes we can explore with MS.
Michael J. MacDonald, The Oxford Handbook of Rhetorical Studies. New York: Oxford UP, 2017. 819 pp. $150.00 (hardback). ISBN: 978-0199731596.

Over the course of my career, I have been privileged to review a number of single-volume surveys of the discipline of rhetoric, including Theresa Enos’s Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition in ...
Evaluation of student perceptions of introductory pharmacy practice experiences

Abstract Introduction Introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs) are focused on sharpening the student's knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes related to becoming an effective member of the healthcare team. Currently, the literature on student pharmacists' perceptions focused only on advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). This study gathered perceptions of IPPEs from pharmacy students in their first through third year professional years. Methods A voluntary pre- and post-survey instrument was administered to 367 first through third year professional students from Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED) and Cedarville University at the beginning and end of the 2017–2018 academic year. Each survey utilized questions with Likert scales designed to detect differences in student expectations and experiences related to IPPE training. Questions primarily focused on demographics, objectives, goals, interprofessional teamwork, application of knowledge, and preceptor engagement. Students ages 18 and older who were enrolled at the participating institutions were eligible for inclusion in this study. Survey completion was voluntary, and students were not incentivized to participate. Results Sixty-six students completed the pre- and post- surveys with matching, identifiable data for analysis. Twenty-nine items demonstrated a more negative perception of IPPEs between the pre- and post-surveys (p Conclusions Student expectations of IPPEs were significantly less positive in the pre-survey than in the post-survey. Future studies should examine the implications of these results on student IPPE performance and methods to impact student perception of the value of IPPE training.
Parenthood, Subjective Well-Being, and the Moderating Effects of Parent Narcissism

Abstract. Previous research on the link between parenthood and subjective well-being has observed a positive, a negative, or no relation between the two depending upon a variety of factors includin...
DUSTY CRADLES IN A TURBULENT NURSERY: THE SGR A EAST H II REGION COMPLEX AT THE GALACTIC CENTER

We present imaging at 19, 25, 31, and 37 μm of the compact H II region complex G-0.02-0.07 located 6 pc in projection from the center of the Galaxy obtained with SOFIA using FORCAST. G-0.02-0.07 contains three compact H II regions (A, B, and C) and one ultra-compact H II region (D). Our observations reveal the presence of two faint, infrared sources located 23'' and 35'' to the east of region C (FIRS 1 and 2) and detect dust emission in two of the three "ridges" of ionized gas west of region A. The 19/37 color temperature and 37 μm optical depth maps of regions A-C are used to characterize the dust energetics and morphology. Regions A and B exhibit average 19/37 color temperatures of ~105 K, and regions C and D exhibit color temperatures of ~115 K and ~130 K, respectively. Using the DustEM code, we model the SEDs of regions A-D and FIRS 1, all of which require populations of very small, transiently heated grains and large, equilibrium-heated grains. We also require the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in regions A-C in order to fit the 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 μm fluxes observed by Spitzer/IRAC. The location of the heating source for region A is determined by triangulation from distances and temperatures derived from DustEM models fit to SEDs of three different points around the region, and it is found to be displaced to the northeast of the center of curvature near the color temperature peak. Based on total luminosity, expected 1.90 μm fluxes, and proximity to the mid-IR color temperature peaks, we identify heating source candidates for regions A, B, and C. However, for region D, the observed fluxes at 1.87 and 1.90 μm of the previously proposed ionizing star are a factor of ~40 times too bright to be the heating source and hence is likely just a star lying along the line of sight toward region D.
Active esophageal cooling for the prevention of thermal injury during atrial fibrillation ablation: a randomized controlled pilot study.

Severe endoscopically detected esophageal thermal lesions (EDELs) have been associated with higher risk of progression to atrio-esophageal fistula (AEF) following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of atrial fibrillation (AF). We sought to evaluate safety and feasibility of active esophageal cooling using the Attune Medical Esophageal Heat Transfer Device (EnsoETM) to limit frequency or severity of EDELs. We sought To evaluate safety and feasibility of active esophageal cooling using the Attune Medical Esophageal Heat Transfer Device (EnsoETM) to limit frequency or severity of EDELs Consecutive patients undergoing first-time RFCA were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to esophageal cooling (device group) or standard temperature monitoring (control group). Ablation on the posterior wall was performed with a maximum power of 30W for up to 20s. All patients underwent EGD within 48 h. Endoscopy findings were classified as 1, erythema–mild injury; 2, superficial ulceration–moderate injury; 3, deep ulceration–significant injury; and 4, fistula/perforation. Severe EDELs were defined as grade 3 or 4 lesions. Forty-four patients completed the study (22 device group, 22 control group). Adjunctive posterior wall isolation was performed more frequently in the device group (11/22, 50% vs. 4/22, 18%). EDELs were detected in 5/22 (23%) control group patients, with mild or moderate injury in 2/5 patients (40%) and severe thermal injury in 3/5 patients (60%). In the device group, EDELs were detected in 8/22 (36%) patients, with mild or moderate injury in 7/8 (87%) patients and severe thermal injury in 1/8 (12%) patients. There was no acute perforation or AEF during follow-up. Active esophageal cooling may reduce the occurrence of severe EDELs. A larger randomized study is warranted to further evaluate the benefit of this strategy.
Correction: Electrode-adsorption activates trans-[Cr(cyclam)Cl2]+ for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction.

Correction for ‘Electrode-adsorption activates trans-[Cr(cyclam)Cl2]+ for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction’ by Sarah E. Braley et al., Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, 603–606, DOI: 10.1039/C9CC08550E.
Protocol for assessing and predicting acute respiratory decline in hospitalized patients

Summary This protocol aids both new and experienced researchers in designing retrospective clinical and translational studies of acute respiratory decline in hospitalized patients. This protocol addresses (1) the basics of respiratory failure and electronic health record research, (2) defining patient cohorts as “mild, progressive, or severe” instead of “ICU versus non-ICU”, (3) adapting physiological indices, and (4) using biomarker trends. We apply these approaches to inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19, but this protocol can be applied to any progressive respiratory failure study. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Mueller et al. (2020) .
Cytoplasmic mRNA decay represses RNA polymerase II transcription during early apoptosis

RNA abundance is generally sensitive to perturbations in decay and synthesis rates, but crosstalk between RNA polymerase II transcription and cytoplasmic mRNA degradation often leads to compensatory changes in gene expression. Here, we reveal that widespread mRNA decay during early apoptosis represses RNAPII transcription, indicative of positive (rather than compensatory) feedback. This repression requires active cytoplasmic mRNA degradation, which leads to impaired recruitment of components of the transcription preinitiation complex to promoter DNA. Importin α/β-mediated nuclear import is critical for this feedback signaling, suggesting that proteins translocating between the cytoplasm and nucleus connect mRNA decay to transcription. We also show that an analogous pathway activated by viral nucleases similarly depends on nuclear protein import. Collectively, these data demonstrate that accelerated mRNA decay leads to the repression of mRNA transcription, thereby amplifying the shutdown of gene expression. This highlights a conserved gene regulatory mechanism by which cells respond to threats.
Zhuangzi: Philosophical Disputation as Transformative

Disputation has the potential for transformation. Often what people say who engage in it is unclear, and becomes clearer only in the course of a series of dialectical exchanges. Most people who engage in argument or debate are too attached to what they take to be their positions to appreciate the value of opening up their views or ideas to challenge or criticism. However, properly understood, disputation, even disputation about disputation, can be transformative.
Conformational analysis of sesquiterpene lactones of germacrane type

The structure of 1(10)Z,4Z-germacranolides was studied by the method of molecular mechanics. Possible conformers, the probability of their existence, and barriers to conformational transitions were determined.
Biofilms: their structure, activity, and effect on membrane filtration

The goal of this presentation is to identify biofouling mechanisms that cause undesirable effects to the membrane separation processes of flux decline and pressure drop. The underlying assumption of this presentation is that biofouling is unavoidable and that the operator cannot eliminate it entirely. This premise justifies research efforts toward understanding the mechanisms by which biofouling affects the membrane processes, rather than expecting that technology can entirely eliminate membrane biofouling in the near future. An improved understanding of biofouling mechanisms may lead to better membrane design, better membrane modules, and better membrane cleaning procedures.