cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Response of Chrysaora quinquecirrha medusae to low temperature

Because of their high abundance in Chesapeake Bay, Chrysaora quinquecirrha medusae may be an important reservoir of organic matter. The timing and location of the decomposition of biomass from medusae may have implications for carbon cycling in the bay. Our objective was to identify the cause of C. quinquecirrha medusa disappearance to better understand when and where decomposition occurs. A time series of visual surface counts and vertical net hauls in the Choptank River, a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, showed that as temperatures approached 15°C, C. quinquecirrha medusae disappeared from the surface, but persisted in net hauls until temperatures reached 10°C. In order to test whether medusae sink upon cooling, we exposed C. quinquecirrha medusae to low temperatures in large static tanks and measured their depth and pulsation rates twice daily for at least 6 days. This procedure was repeated three times through the 2008 jellyfish season. On average, individuals exposed to temperatures below 15°C were found deeper and pulsed slower than those in the warmer control tank. This suggests that low temperatures cause the medusae to sink before cooling to the limit of their physiological tolerance and may have implications for the deposition of organic matter associated with the seasonal disappearance of medusae from Chesapeake Bay.
Synthesis of Pt–Mo/Carbon Nanocomposites from Single-Source Molecular Precursors: A (1:1) PtMo/C PEMFC Anode Catalyst Exhibiting CO Tolerance*

Reactive, thermal degradation of py2Pt[MoCp(CO)3]2, (Me)(cod)PtMoCp(CO)3, or $$\{\hbox{Pt}_{3}(\hbox{dppm})_{3}(\hbox{CO})[\hbox{Mo}(\hbox{Cp})]\}$$ [BPh4]/Vulcan carbon powder composites affords Pt–Mo/carbon nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles of approximate compositions, PtMo2, PtMo, or Pt3Mo, widely dispersed on the carbon support. Total metal loadings range from 29–58 wt%. When tested as an anode electrocatalyst in a PEM fuel cell using either pure H2 or H2 containing 100 ppm CO as a fuel, the PtMo/carbon nanocomposite exhibits CO tolerance.
H2S signalling through protein sulfhydration and beyond

Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has recently emerged as a mammalian gaseous messenger molecule, akin to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. H(2)S is predominantly formed from Cys or its derivatives by the enzymes cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase. One of the mechanisms by which H(2)S signals is by sulfhydration of reactive Cys residues in target proteins. Although analogous to protein nitrosylation, sulfhydration is substantially more prevalent and usually increases the catalytic activity of targeted proteins. Physiological actions of sulfhydration include the regulation of inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling as well as of vascular tension.
Favorable outcome in a renal transplant recipient with donor-derived infection due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

: Most cases of donor-derived infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa reported in the literature are associated with vascular dehiscence, all of which resulted either in death or graft failure requiring graft removal. We report the successful treatment of donor-derived infection due to multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in a 64-year-old male who presented with bacteremia and peritransplant renal fluid collection after undergoing deceased-donor renal transplantation. As a result of the report of positive donor cultures by the host Organ Procurement Organization, the infection was promptly identified by blood cultures drawn before appearance of symptoms. Surveillance blood cultures in recipients are not usually recommended. However, they should be done if donor cultures turn positive. Therefore, it is crucial to perform cultures in donors and to closely follow them up for early identification and prompt treatment of donor-transmitted infections due to organisms like P. aeruginosa that can be graft and/or life threatening.
Availability of human papillomavirus vaccine at medical practices in an area with elevated rates of cervical cancer.

Abstract Purpose To assess availability of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine at medical practices in an area with elevated cervical cancer rates. Methods During July–November 2007, we conducted a telephone survey of staff at medical practices providing outpatient care to 9- to 26-year-old females in four North Carolina counties with elevated cervical cancer rates. We assessed availability of HPV vaccine and concerns about its provision. Results Staff from 71 of 96 eligible practices completed a full interview. Overall, 62% of these practices had HPV vaccine available to patients (family practice, 74%; pediatrics, 75%; obstetrics–gynecology, 64%; internal medicine, 15%). In multivariate analysis, practice characteristics that independently predicted a lower likelihood of carrying HPV vaccine were having at least 50% African-American patient population (odds ratio [OR] 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06–0.63) and providing only privately purchased (and no state-supplied) vaccines (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.06–0.63). HPV vaccine nonproviders were significantly more likely than HPV vaccine providers to report "large" concerns about the up-front costs of purchasing HPV vaccine (52% vs. 27%, p p Conclusions Approximately 1 year after its introduction, HPV vaccine was available at three-quarters of family practice and pediatrics practices, two-thirds of obstetrics–gynecology practices, and few internal medicine practices in an area with elevated cervical cancer rates. Practices' concerns about cost and reimbursement have implications for accessibility of HPV vaccine to those who need it most.
Integrated Optimization of a Dual Quality Water and Wastewater System

When addressing urban water problems, it is no longer adequate to consider issues of water supply, demand, disposal, and reuse independently. Innovative water management strategies and opportunities for water reuse can only be properly evaluated in the context of their interactions with the broader water system. An integrated linear deterministic optimization model is applied to Beirut, Lebanon, to determine the minimum cost configuration of future water supply, wastewater disposal, and reuse options for a semiarid coastal city. Previous urban water system optimization models considered only a single quality of potable water and were thus unable to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of reclaimed water among all viable options for water supply. Two innovations of our work include incorporation of the entire anthropogenic water cycle including interconnections between supply, demand, disposal, and reuse and modeling of the suitability of nonpotable and potable qualities of water for each demand sector. The optimization model yields surprising insights. For example, after full use of inexpensive conventional sources, nonpotable direct reuse appears to be Beirut's most cost- effective option for supply of its urban nonpotable and irrigation demands. Our work highlights the importance of modeling the utility of multiple qualities of water in modern water supply planning.
A unified model for partial-depletion and full-depletion SOI circuit designs: using BSIMPD as a foundation

We present our approach to developing a unified SOI MOSFET model for circuit designs using state-of-the-art SOI technologies. Using BSIMPD as a foundation, we unify the PD and FD models by the concept of body-source built-in potential lowering. This unification is crucial due to the coexistence of PD/FD devices in a single chip as well as the coexistence of PD/FD behavior in a single device. The unified BSIMSOI model has been implemented in Berkeley SPICE3f4 and many commercial circuit simulators.
Parallel synchronization-free approximate data structure construction

We present approximate data structures with construction algorithms that execute without synchronization. The data races present in these algorithms may cause them to drop inserted or appended elements. Nevertheless, the algorithms 1) do not crash and 2) may produce a data structure that is accurate enough for its clients to use successfully. We advocate an approach in which the approximate data structures are composed of basic tree and array building blocks with associated synchronization-free construction algorithms. This approach enables developers to reuse the construction algorithms, which have been engineered to execute successfully in parallel contexts despite the presence of data races, without having to understand the details of why they execute successfully.We evaluate the end-to-end accuracy and performance consequences of our approach by building a space-subdivision tree for the Barnes-Hut N-body simulation out of our presented tree and array building blocks. The resulting approximate data structure construction algorithm eliminates synchronization overhead and anomalies such as excessive serialization and deadlock. The algorithm exhibits good performance (running 14 times faster on 16 cores than the sequential version) and good accuracy (the accuracy loss is four orders of magnitude less than the accuracy gain associated with increasing the accuracy of the Barnes-Hut center of mass approximation by 20%).
Service attributes as drivers of behavioral loyalty in casinos: The mediating effect of attitudinal loyalty

Abstract This study takes its cues from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), service quality, and the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions to investigate the effect of casino service attributes on gambler loyalty. The posited theoretical model was tested using Structural Equation Modeling with a sample of 4511 gamblers. Findings indicate that the intention to return fully mediates the effect of casino ambiance and emotions on return patronage. Feelings pertaining to emotions have the greatest effect on casino players' intention to return. Additionally, emotions have the strongest indirect effect on return patronage. Results highlight the importance of player intent in order to secure their actual return to casinos. In the context of gambling loyalty research, service quality attributes influence return patronage through intention to return. Theoretically, this study shows that attitudinal loyalty is a strong predictor of action loyalty in casinos in a causal fashion.
Elementary Consequences of the Noncontractibility of the Circle

Most topology texts prove the noncontractibility of the circle as an easy corollary of the computation of its fundamental group or its homology groups. Thus, this property of the circle has become part of a relatively advanced subject: algebraic topology. The noncontractibility of the circle can be proved quite easily using only material from a traditional undergraduate point-set topology course. Furthermore, a large number of interesting and significant consequences of this fact can be obtained without additional mathematical prerequisites. Therefore, a fascinating area of elementary topology has been inaccessible to a substantial number of people who do, in fact, have sufficient background in topology to understand and appreciate it. The purpose of this paper is to try to correct this oversight.
Estimating delay differences of arbiter PUFs using silicon data

This paper presents a novel approach to estimate delay differences of each stage in a standard MUX-based physical unclonable function (PUF). Test data collected from PUFs fabricated using 32 nm process are used to train a linear model. The delay differences of the stages directly correspond to the model parameters. These parameters are trained by using a least mean square (LMS) adaptive algorithm. The accuracy of the response using the proposed model is around 97.5% and 99.5% for two different PUFs. Second, the PUF is also modeled by a perceptron. The perceptron has almost 100% classification accuracy. A comparison shows that the perceptron model parameters are scaled versions of the model derived by the LMS algorithm. Thus, the delay differences can be estimated from the perceptron model where the scaling factor is computed by comparing the models of the LMS algorithm and the perceptron. Because the delay differences are challenge independent, these parameters can be stored on the server. This will enable the server to issue random challenges whose responses need not be stored. An analysis of the proposed model confirms that the delay differences of all stages of the PUFs on the same chip belong to the same Gaussian probability density function.
Performance of communicable disease automatic warning system in Diaobingshan,Liaoning,2008- 2013

Objective To analyze the performance of the automatic early warning system of communicable disease in Diaobingshan,Liaoning province and provide evidences for the improvement of the system. Methods The statistic analysis was conducted on the data generated by the automatic early warning system of communicable disease in Diaobingshan from 21 April,2008 to 31 December,2013. Results A total of 185 signals were generated by the system,which involved 10 infectious diseases. Up to 86. 49% of the signals were responded within 24 hours. The median time of response was within 0. 83 h. The system successfully emitted 172 mobile phone signals(92. 97%) and 18 were considered as suspected signals after preliminary verification. Six disease epidemics were confirmed by field investigation,i. e. 5 mumps epidemics and 1 rubella epidemic. The positive rate of signals was 3. 24%(6 /185).Conclusion This system can give early warning of communicable disease epidemic automatically,but the positive rate of signals and related response should be improved,it is also necessary to strengthen the technical service for the system,the staff training and the management of network direct reporting of communicable dsieases.
DISCUSSION OF ANCHOR-CHAIN DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR DEEP WATER OFFSHORE DRILLING

In the deep water and bad surrounding ocean, it is very important that the anchor system severed as the located equipment of the platform or drilling boat. In the deep drilling, the bigger the anchor system sizes are, the stronger its strength is. The anchor-chain force subjected was more and more complex with the water depth increasing, so the dynamic analysis was very important. Considering the relations between the minimum movement and the minimum anchoring force, namely, the anchoring system required the most suitable stiffness, so the reasonable continuing model was selected. The characteristics frequency and vibration model of the anchor-chain was got by calculating and analyzing the dynamic properties of the deep water drilling anchor chain, and the up and down limits of the anchor-chain dynamic response were studied. The dynamic characteristics must be pay attention to void the resonance frequency with wave moving in design and construction.
Deduction in Stoic Logic

In their logical theory Stoic philosophers made use of a simple but important distinction alleged to hold among valid arguments, a distinction to which Aristotle had first called attention.1 They distinguished those arguments whose validity is evident from those whose validity is not evident and so needs to be demonstrated. The Stoics, having supposed that the distinction obtains, raise and answer the question, how does one demonstrate the validity of those arguments whose validity is not plain? The Stoics appear to have set forth both a discursive method of demonstration and a test for validity. In this paper I examine these two facets of Stoic logic.2
Periapical Microsurgery: Can Ultrasonic Root-end Preparations Clinically Create or Propagate Dentinal Defects?

Abstract Introduction This clinical study evaluates the effect of ultrasonic root-end preparations on dentinal defect creation and propagation. Methods Eighty-four teeth were treated with periapical microsurgery using a modern microsurgical protocol in a private practice setting. The root apices were resected and inspected for dentinal defects with a surgical operating microscope and a 0.8-mm diameter light-emitting diode microscope diagnostic probe light, both before and after ultrasonic root-end preparations. A 3-grade scale (none, partial, and full dentinal defect) was used to assess the status of the roots before and after ultrasonic root-end preparation. Results Of the 84 treated teeth, 3 had a vertical root fracture, leaving a total of 81 teeth for assessment. Fifty-one teeth were intact upon resection and remained intact after root-end preparation. Twenty-six teeth had partial dentinal defects, and 14 (54%) of these propagated into full dentinal defects after root-end preparation. Conclusions This periapical microsurgery study showed that ultrasonic root-end preparations are safe to use on intact roots. Preexisting dentinal defects can be propagated by ultrasonic root-end preparations. Through the use of light-emitting diodes, dentinal defects can be detected, special root-end management can be implemented, and more predictable outcomes may be achieved.
Classifying heatwaves: developing health-based models to predict high-mortality versus moderate United States heatwaves

Heatwaves are divided between moderate, more common heatwaves and rare “high-mortality” heatwaves that have extremely large health effects per day, which we define as heatwaves with a 20 % or higher increase in mortality risk. Better projections of the expected frequency of and exposure to these separate types of heatwaves could help communities optimize heat mitigation and response plans and gauge the potential benefits of limiting climate change. Whether a heatwave is high-mortality or moderate could depend on multiple heatwave characteristics, including intensity, length, and timing. We created heatwave classification models using a heatwave training dataset created using recent (1987–2005) health and weather data from 82 large US urban communities. We built twenty potential classification models and used Monte Carlo cross-validations to evaluate these models. We ultimately identified several models that can adequately classify high-mortality heatwaves. These models can be used to project future trends in high-mortality heatwaves under different scenarios of a changing future (e.g., climate change, population change). Further, these models are novel in the way they allow exploration of different scenarios of adaptation to heat, as they include, as predictive variables, heatwave characteristics that are measured relative to a community’s temperature distribution, allowing different adaptation scenarios to be explored by selecting alternative community temperature distributions. The three selected models have been placed on GitHub for use by other researchers, and we use them in a companion paper to project trends in high-mortality heatwaves under different climate, population, and adaptation scenarios.
Reinforcement Learning and Strategic Reasoning During Social Decision-Making

Abstract Finding an efficient learning algorithm in a complex social environment is challenging. When there is a sufficient amount of information about the intentions of other decision-makers and decision-makers are cognitively capable of predicting the outcomes of their actions more accurately using that information, a complex learning algorithm might be advantageous. However, a simpler heuristic learning algorithm might work better with limited information. Previous studies have found that humans and other primates apply a mixture of multiple learning algorithms during various social decision-making tasks. In addition, neural activity related to multiple learning algorithms has been identified in different cortical areas and basal ganglia, suggesting that various learning algorithms for social decision-making might be implemented throughout the brain. By contrast, the processes for evaluating the performance of various learning algorithms and switching between them might be more closely tied to specific regions in the prefrontal cortex.
On Ccommunication Switching in Tactical and Field Environments

Communication requirements in tactical and field environments dictate that mobile, reliable, secure and integrated voice and data services be provided. These demands call for a new generation of voice/data switches. Attributes that acceptable switches must have are enumerated. We present an evaluation of existing and/or proposed switches and switching schemes for such applications; these include: ITT System 12 switch element, R-switch concept, GTE Burst (link and hub) Switches, Delta switch concept, BBN Pluribus and current PBX's. A list of suggestions that enhance system survivability, security, protocol and performance is then presented.
SQL for Streaming, Semi-Structured, and Operational Analytics

This chapter is divided into three major topics: SQL on semi-structured data, SQL on streaming data, and SQL for operational analytics on big data platforms. It covers the technologies for each of the preceding areas in which SQL can be applied in big data systems. Because of the ubiquity, ease of understanding, and available skill set of SQL, rather than designing a new way to query and access data irrespective of its origin, mode of availability, or format, SQL is being increasingly used as the way to access these data sets. New tools and frameworks are being developed today with this in mind, and at the same time, existing tools and frameworks are being morphed to ensure that they accept SQL as the lingua franca for any of these data types.
Molecular Genetics of MEN1-Related Neuroendocrine Tumors

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are frequently observed in patients with the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. The characteristic features of MEN1 include tumors in multiple endocrine glands – the parathyroids, pancreas, and pituitary. MEN1-related NETs include duodenal gastrinomas, pancreatic NETs (PNETs), and foregut NETs (gastric, thymic, or bronchial carcinoids). Heterozygous germline inactivating mutations in the MEN1 gene predisposes to tumor development in the specific target tissues that also show somatic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the MEN1 locus. MEN1 is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and with high penetrance by age 50, but with no obvious genotype–phenotype correlation. MEN1 is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes a 610 amino acid protein – menin – that is multifunctional through its interactions with a variety of proteins. In mouse models, homozygous germline loss of Men1 causes early embryonic death, and heterozygous germline loss of Men1 mimics the pattern of endocrine tumor development seen in human MEN1. Studies in mouse models have revealed candidate genes that may affect the tumorigenesis of PNETs from menin loss. This chapter covers the genetic and molecular findings of MEN1-related NETs.
Projected 21st century changes in tornado exposure, risk, and disaster potential

While risk and associated hazard characteristics are important components of disaster formation, the consequences of hazards are often driven by underlying human and built-environment vulnerabilities. Yet, there has been little research conducted on how the evolving contributors of risk and vulnerability commingle to produce disaster potential. In this study, we assess the interaction of risk and vulnerability by investigating a single hazard, the tornado. How future changes in risk and vulnerability influence tornado disaster probability is estimated by integrating, for the first time, projected residential built environment data and modeled future severe weather environments. Results suggest that, although the projected twenty-first century escalation in tornado risk will play a role in increasing disaster consequences and frequency, growth in the human-built environment is projected to outweigh the effects of increased risk on future tornado disaster potential. While changes in societal exposure are projected to overshadow potential climate change-driven alterations in tornado risk, the combination of both an increase in risk and exposure may lead to a threefold increase in median annual tornado impact magnitude and disaster potential from 2010 to 2100.
STUDIES ON MENINGOCOCCUS INFECTION : X. A FURTHER NOTE ON THE PRESENCE OF MENINGOCOCCUS PRECIPITINOGENS IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID.

Precipitin tests have been carried out on spinal fluid from cases of meningococcal and other forms of meningitis, with monovalent anti-meningococcus horse serum of high titer. Using such a test it has been possible within 2 hours to diagnose and type cases of Type I and Type II meningococcal meningitis. In a certain number of cases fluids which were negative when first drawn became positive after standing for 1 or 2 days at 37 degrees C. or room temperature. In 9.5 per cent of all Type I cases the fluids did not become positive. Fluids from cases due to atypical meningococci may react with the type serum of the group to which they belong (i.e., Types II* and VII, which belong to group II, with Type II serum) but do not in every case. Fluids from forms of meningitis other than meningococcal give no reaction. The use of concentrated sera is not advantageous at present, owing to the heterologous reactions which occur.
Life perceptions of patients receiving palliative care and experiencing psycho-social-spiritual healing

Background: It is important to identify, from the patients’ perspectives, the different factors that contribute toward psycho-social-spiritual healing. Methods: This was a qualitative study that took place at a large research center, an underserved clinic, and a community hospital. We used a needs assessment questionnaire and open-ended questions to assess the constituents of psycho-social-spiritual healing: (I) how previous life experiences affected patients’ present situations in dealing with their illnesses; (II) barriers to palliative care; and (III) benefits of palliative care. Results: Of a total of 30 participants from 3 different study sites, 24 (80%) were receiving inpatient or outpatient palliative care at a research center. Thirteen (43%) participants were female, 10 (33%) were Black/African American, and 16 (53%) reported being on disability. While the initial shock of the diagnosis made participants feel unprepared for their illnesses, many looked to role models, previous work experiences, and spiritual as well as religious support as sources of strength and coping mechanisms. Barriers to palliative care were identified as either external (lack of proper resources) or internal (symptom barriers and perceived self-limitations). The feeling of “being seen/being heard” was perceived by many participants as the most beneficial aspect of palliative care. Conclusions: The needs assessment questionnaire and open-ended questions presented in this study may be used in clinical settings to better help patients achieve psycho-social-spiritual healing through palliative care and to help clinicians learn about the person behind the patient.
Comprehensive Cataloging and Analysis of Alternative Splicing in Maize

Gene expression is a key step in developmental regulation and responses in changing environments in plants. Alternative splicing (AS) is a process generating multiple RNA isoforms from a single gene pre-mRNA transcript that increases the diversity of functional proteins and RNAs. Identification and analysis of alternatively splicing events are critical for crop improvement and understanding regulatory mechanisms. In maize large numbers of transcripts generated by RNA-seq technology are available, we incorporated these data with data assembled with ESTs and mRNAs to comprehensively catalog all genes having pre-mRNAs undergoing AS. A total of 192 624 AS events were detected and classified, including 103 566 (53.8%) basic events and 89 058 (46.2%) complex events which were formed by combination of various types of basic events. Intron retention was the dominant type of basic AS event, accounting for 24.1%. These AS events were identified from 91 128 transcripts which were generated from 26 669 genomic loci, of which consisted of 20 860 gene models. It was estimated that 55.3% maize genes may be subjected to AS. The transcripts mapping information can be used to improve the predicted gene models in maize. The data can be accessed at Plant Alternative Splicing Database (http://proteomics.ysu.edu/altsplice/).
Monopoles Loaded With 3-D-Printed Dielectrics for Future Wireless Intrachip Communications

We propose a novel antenna design enabled by 3-D printing technology for future wireless intrachip interconnects aiming at applications of multicore architectures and system-on-chips. In our proposed design we use vertical quarter-wavelength monopoles at 160 GHz on a ground plane to avoid low antenna radiation efficiency caused by the silicon substrate. The monopoles are surrounded by a specially designed dielectric property distribution. This additional degree of freedom in design enabled by 3-D printing technology is used to tailor the electromagnetic wave propagation. As a result, the desired wireless link gain is enhanced and the undesired spatial crosstalk is reduced. Simulation results show that the proposed dielectric loading approach improves the desired link gain by 8–15 dB and reduces the crosstalk by 9–23 dB from 155 to 165 GHz. As a proof-of-concept, a 60 GHz prototype is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Our measurement results match the simulation results and demonstrate 10–18 dB improvement of the desired link gain and 10–30 dB reduction in the crosstalk from 55 to 61 GHz. The demonstrated transmission loss of the desired link at a distance of 17 mm is only 15 dB, which is over 10 dB better than the previously reported work.
Effect of Potassium Perchlorate and Sodium Chloride Given Orally upon Radioiodine Deposition into Milk of Goats

Abstract Studies were conducted to determine the optimal oral dose of potassium perchlorate required by goats to minimize the radioiodine content of milk after a single 131 Iodine injection, and to determine the effects of oral dosing of KClO 4 or sodium chloride, or both, upon 131 I deposition into milk during multiple dosing of radioactivity. The data indicate that 1.0g of KClO 4 per head per day was adequate to substantially reduce the level of radioiodine in milk and that KClO 4 had the same relative protective effect against the iodine transfer into milk, whether it was given as a single dose or in multiple doses. Sodium chloride given orally had no effect on the iodine transfer into milk in these studies.
Whole-Cell Pseudomonas aeruginosa Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Aptasensor.

The detection of whole-cell Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents an intriguing challenge with direct applications in health care and the prevention of nosocomial infection. To address this problem, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based sensing platform was developed to detect whole-cell Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 using a surface-confined aptamer as an affinity reagent. Nanosphere lithography (NSL) was used to fabricate a sensor surface containing a hexagonal array of Au nanotriangles. The sensor surface was subsequently modified with biotinylated polyethylene glycol (Bt-PEG) thiol/PEG thiol (1:3), neutravidin, and biotinylated aptamer in a sandwich format. The 1:3 (v/v) ratio of Bt-PEG thiol/PEG thiol was specifically chosen to maximize PAO1 binding while minimizing nonspecific adsorption and steric hindrance. In contrast to prior whole-cell LSPR work, the LSPR wavelength shift was shown to be linearly related to bacterial concentration over the range of 10–103 cfu mL–1. This LSPR sensing ...
Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) protein in human colostrum

Proteins of the serum amyloid A (SAA) family have been remarkably conserved in evolution. Their biologic function(s) are not fully defined but they are likely to be a part of primordial host defense. We have detected a ∼ 12-kDa protein reacting with antibodies against serum amyloid A (SAA) in human colostrum by western blotting. Mass spectrometry identified the reactive species as SAA1, previously identified as a prominent member of the acute-phase response in serum. Our finding SAA1 in human colostrum contrasts with bovine, caprine and ovine colostrum where a species corresponding to putative SAA3 is uniformly present. SAA1 protein in human colostrum presumably contributes to neonatal protection.
Spiritual Competency Scale: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

This study used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to validate the 21-item Spiritual Competency Scale (SCS–R–II) with data from 176 participants. Moreover, this study examined correlations between ...
Measurement of the γ NN∗ form factor

Abstract The cross section for e − + p → e − + N ∗ (1230) is measured by observing inelastically scattered electrons in coincidence with protons from N ∗ → p + π o . It is found that G ∗ M (k 2 ) , the magnetic dipole γNN ∗ form factor, is proportional to G MV ( k 2 ) and extrapolates to the photoproduction value at k 2 = 0.
Leukoaraiosis is independently associated with naming outcome in poststroke aphasia.

Objective To test the hypothesis that severity of leukoaraiosis in the noninfarcted hemisphere at onset is associated with poorer language outcome after poststroke aphasia independently of volume of infarct, damage to 3 critical language areas (left inferior frontal gyrus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and superior temporal gyrus), comorbid conditions, and time since stroke. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated naming outcome (>3 months after stroke) in 42 individuals who initially had aphasia after stroke. We rated leukoaraiosis in the right hemisphere 1 to 4 weeks from onset of stroke using the Cardiovascular Health Study rating scale. We evaluated associations between severity of leukoaraiosis and each measure of naming using Spearman correlations and evaluated the independent contributions of leukoaraiosis, lesion volume, months since onset, comorbid conditions, and damage to critical nodes of the language network on language outcomes using logistic regression. We also evaluated associations between dichotomously defined leukoaraiosis and language outcomes using χ 2 tests. Results Severity of leukoaraiosis at onset correlated with object naming (ρ = −0.56, p = 0.0008) and word fluency (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.01) outcomes. Severe leukoaraiosis was associated with failure to achieve the highest quartile of object naming and word fluency. Severity of leukoaraiosis was associated with degree of naming outcome with the use of both measures after controlling for lesion volume, months since stroke, comorbid conditions, and damage to specific locations. Conclusion Naming outcome after poststroke aphasia is influenced by the initial severity of right hemisphere leukoaraiosis independently of other variables. Degree of recovery from aphasia may depend on the integrity of the noninfarcted brain tissue.
Occupational Health and Wellness: Current Status and Future Directions

This handbook has provided a comprehensive overview of the growing clinical research evidence related to the emerging transdisciplinary field of occupational health and wellness. This ever-expanding field has become especially more important today because of the growing costs, including socioeconomic as well as those associated with human suffering. In today’s World of international business and finance, these costs are becoming even more significant because of the intertwining of world-wide economies. Indeed, a “hiccup” in one country will drastically affect others, as attested by recent economic “meltdowns” in various countries throughout the World. What makes these “meltdowns” even more troubling is the fact that there are so many disparities across countries in terms of economic and occupational variables, such as, working conditions and human rights, workers’ compensation benefits, mental and physical health disorder rates, socialized vs. privatized health-care costs, retirement ages and related pension costs, etc. Thus, one major issue that needs to be addressed is whether there is any way that these variables can be standardized across countries in order to produce a “level playing field?” This has been tried by some countries, such as the establishment of the European Union (EU), but there are now also “cracks” occurring in the EU because of wide economic disparities that are emerging among the participating nations. Of course, solutions to such issues are beyond the scope of the current handbook. We have addressed only those issues that we may be able to control/modify in the present zeitgeist. Of course, we must also introduce a word of caution concerning the material presented in this handbook. A vast majority of it emanated from works translated into English and conducted in North America, Western Europe, and certain Nordic countries (e.g., Scandinavia and Finland). Thus, it would be unforgivable hubris to assume that such findings/suggestions would automatically generalize to all countries, especially the emerging industrial nations of the East and Pacific Rim. Actually, an important area of future research is to evaluate the generalizability of such issues and topics to these emerging industrial countries such as China, Taiwan, South Korea, and India.
Measurement of ΔS in the proton

The helicity density of the strange sea in the proton has been measured in an “isoscalar” extraction from semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on the deuteron. In the region of measurement, x > 0.02, the helicity density is zero within experimental error. The first moment of the strange quark helicity density over the measured region is determined to be 0.006±0.029(stat.)±0.007(sys.). The corresponding moment of the octet axial charge combination is sustantially less than the total axial charge extracted from hyperon semi-leptonic decays.
Women and Glossolalia in Pauline Communities

The egalitarian vision of the Pauline communities based upon Elizabeth Schussler Fiorenza’s discovery of a baptismal creedal formulation in Gal. 3:28 continues to impact current scholars’ notion of the prominent role of women in the Pauline communities. This article examines the extent of the role of the Corinthian women vis-a-vis Mary McClintock Fulkerson’s study of glossolalic women in late twentieth-century Appalachian churches. Her findings reveal that tongues-speaking women have authority only within the bounds of oral participation in worship; in all other circumstances they live under stricter patriarchal social structures than do their female contemporaries. Using the model of the glossolalic Appalachian churches to shed light upon the role of women in the Corinthian church exposes the possibility of a complex social dynamic with regard to women’s authority. By understanding Paul’s affirmation of women’s leadership as limited to those moments of ecstatic, spirit-driven speech—much in the same way as it is currently practiced in glossolalic Appalachian churches—then the seeming incongruities of such restrictive passages in 1 Corinthians (e.g. 14:34-35) to the more accepting of women’s participation in the worship service (e.g. 1 Cor. 11:5) are explained.
Current status of thymosin and other hormones of the thymus gland.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the current status of the chemistry, biology, and clinical applications of the well-defined thymic hormones. The first biologically active polypeptide to be isolated from among the highly acidic components of bovine thymosin fraction 5 has been termed thymosin α1. This peptide is highly active in amplifying T-cell immunity and is active in modulating the expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. The ultimate application of the thymosins and other thymic hormones and factors in cancer treatment should be in providing a means of safely augmenting specific T lymphocyte functions in patients with diminished thymic-dependent immunity. In anergic cancer patients, thymic hormones may be of importance as an adjunct to conventional treatments by increasing T-cell function in response not only to tumor cells but also to pathogens, thus reducing the high incidence of infection that often accompanies cancer treatment.
Ossicular chain mobilisation versus reconstruction in surgery for isolated malleus and/or incus fixation: systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo compare post-operative audiometric outcomes for the two prevailing surgical approaches for isolated malleus and/or incus fixation: ossicular mobilisation with preservation of the ossicular chain, and disruption and reconstruction of the ossicular chain.MethodsA search was conducted, in December 2016, of PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature articles written in English. Papers presenting original data regarding post-operative audiometric outcomes in patients who underwent surgical treatment for malleus and/or incus fixation with a mobile and intact stapes were included. A risk of bias assessment was performed on the 14 selected papers and a tier system was developed. Meta-analysis was accomplished by comparing pooled rates of surgical success by chi-square test and calculating odds ratios by logistical regression. Analysis was performed using Revman5 and R software.Results and conclusionAnalysis of the literature revealed no differences in audiometric outcomes between ossicular chain mobilisation and ossicular chain reconstruction in patients with isolated malleus and/or incus fixation. A large, prospective study comparing both short- and long-term hearing results for ossicular chain mobilisation and ossicular chain reconstruction in this population may identify whether a difference in outcomes exists between the two approaches.
A Secure Integrity Checking System for Nanoelectronic Resistive RAM

Recent advances in resistive random access memory (RRAM) as high density, low power, and faster memory systems drive the need for devising a more lightweight integrity checking system for RRAM. In this paper, we design a new tag generation system for integrity checking of RRAM. A single read operation to a crossbar RRAM in the presence of sneak path currents can output a tag for the memory data that can be used for integrity checking. An analytical approach to model such a tag generation process is described in this paper. Security results predicted by the analytical model provide various design options leading to an optimal system from the perspective of considered security properties. The proposed design is simulated to investigate and verify the security properties of the system for a number of optimal design options predicted by the analytical model. Reliability of the proposed system is also measured for varying conditions of device parameters, operating temperatures, load resistances, and read voltage. Finally, the performance of the proposed system is compared against another existing lightweight tag generation method from the perspective of energy consumption, transistor count, and delay.
Tailoring the Thermo-Optic Coefficient in Silica Optical Fibers

Compositional design of the thermo-optic coefficient of optical fiber is discussed. The influences of P2O5, B2O3, SrO, and F are presented. Phosphorus borosilicate compositions appear to be the most attractive for reaching negative values.
Recent Advances in Acyl Suzuki Cross-Coupling

Acyl Suzuki cross-coupling involves the coupling of an organoboron reagent with an acyl electrophile (acyl halide, anhydride, ester, amide). This review provides a timely overview of the very important advances that have recently taken place in the acylative Suzuki cross-coupling. Particular emphasis is directed toward the type of acyl electrophiles, catalyst systems and new cross-coupling partners. This review will be of value to synthetic chemists involved in this rapidly developing field of Suzuki cross-coupling as well as those interested in using acylative Suzuki cross-coupling for the synthesis of ketones as a catalytic alternative to stoichiometric nucleophilic additions or Friedel-Crafts reactions.
New Year’s Resolutions, Career Outlook, and Personality: An Investigation of Library Employees’ Goal Setting Behaviors

Many organizations use goal setting as a professional tool to get employees to achieve gains within the workplace. Many librarians in the United States participate in setting New Year’s resolutions as part of their personal goal-setting behavior. As studies indicate correlations between personal goal-setting behaviors, performance and attitude in professional roles, the researchers posit that learning how library employees set and achieve New Year’s resolutions could provide insight into how organizations can improve employee goal setting. An online survey was conducted in 2016 with 512 respondents. Results showed that respondents who self-reported as ambitious tend to be more successful in achieving their goals. Furthermore, ambitious respondents utilized goal-setting best practices more than less ambitious respondents. Respondents with a less clear sense of purpose in life tended to put in less effort or gave up more often than those with a clearer sense of purpose.
Arquelología de los pueblos costeros del norte de Chile. Nuevas evidencias

The Archaeology of the Coastal Peoples of Northern Chile: New Evidence Since the time of Max Uhle, the northern coast of Chile has been at the fore- front of archaeological studies. For more than a century, important research has resulted in the identification of stages of development and of cultural processes. In recent years, however, due in part to the consolidation of the archaeological profession the development of new analytical techniques and the requirement for environmental impact studies, research has proliferated with great results. This article presents some of the main lines of inquiry that make up the interdisciplinary nature of archaeological science in the north coast of Chile.
Urachal cyst and enteric duplication in a pediatric patient

Abstract Here we present an unusual case of a 3-year-old male with multiple congenital developmental abnormalities discovered during laparotomy: an urachal cyst and enteric duplication. This combination of anomalies has not been described before.
Correlates of Physicians’ and Patients’ Language Use during Surgical Consultations

A multi-method approach was used to explore correlates of technical and complex language use within 145 audio-recorded physician-patient interactions. When discussing the prospect of surgery, physicians used more technical and complex language (more jargon, larger words, longer sentences) than patients on average. Patients' demographic characteristics (education, health literacy, English fluency) and markers of health (condition severity) inconsistently predicted physicians' and patients' use of complex and technical language. Interactions with happier and more hopeful patients involved less technical and complex language, but physicians' language use was unrelated to patients' emotions following the consultation. Finally, physicians' use of more technical language predicted greater patient satisfaction following the consultation, and physicians' use of more complex language at the initial consultation predicted better adherence by patients following surgery. Our results highlight the nuanced role of language use within healthcare interactions and identifies language complexity as a novel target for health communication research.
Demographic Group Representation in Occupational Categories: A Longitudinal Study of EEO-1 Data:

Demographic group representation in medium and large private-sector employers was analyzed using multiple regression and EEO-1 data. Across 21 years (1996-2016), these data show an underrepresentat...
Electron emission characteristics of wet spun carbon nanotube fibers

Wet spun carbon nanotube fibers were characterized using both field emission and electron energy distribution measurements. Fowler-Nordheim analysis of the field emission results showed that the carbon fibers demonstrated a large effective emission area, 2 x 10-12 m2, which resulted in a reduced brightness of 1.84 x 1010 A/m2/sr/V. By considering the emission and number of carbon nanotube emitters it can be shown that the brightness is consistent with previous reports for single nanotube emitters. Additionally, using the effective emission area determined from the Fowler-Nordheim analysis an emittance value around 0.70 μm was found. These characteristics are useful metrics in determining the applicability of using wet spun carbon nanotube fibers for field emission devices.