cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Trends in the duration of emergency department visits, 2001-2006.

Objective: This study estimated trends in the duration of emergency department visits from 2001 to 2006 and compared duration by presenting complaint—mental health related or non-mental health related. Methods: Data on visits (N=193,077) were from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Emergency Department databases. Visits were classified as mental health visits if the primary reason for the visit was a common mental health symptom or disorder, a problem related to substance use, suicidal behaviors, or a need for counseling. Regression models were adjusted for year, diagnosis type, discharge status, payment source, demographic characteristics, receipt of medical care during the visit, mode of arrival, and immediacy of need for treatment. Results: The duration of all emergency department visits increased at an annual rate of 2.3%. Trends were similar for mental health visits and non-mental health visits. Throughout the period the average duration of mental health visits exceeded the average duration of non-mental health visits by 42% (p<.001). This difference was related to the longer durations of mental health visits ending in transfer and visits by persons with serious mental illness or substance use disorders. Conclusions: From 2001 to 2006, the duration of emergency department visits made by patients presenting with mental health complaints and visits made by all other patients increased at similar rates. However, the longer visits for certain groups of mental health patients suggest that emergency departments incur higher costs in connection with the delivery of services to persons in need of acute stabilization.
‘The full has never been told’: building a theory of sexual health for heterosexual Black men of Caribbean descent

Research on Black sexual health often fails to represent the heterogeneity of Black ethnic groups. For people of Caribbean descent in the USA, ethnicity is a salient cultural factor that influences definitions and experiences of sexual health. Most research on people of Caribbean descent focuses on the relatively high rate of STIs, but sexual health is defined more broadly than STI prevalence. Psychological and emotional indicators and the voice of participants are important to consider when exploring the sexual health of a minority culture. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore how heterosexual Black men of Caribbean descent define and understand sexual health for themselves. Eleven men who self-identified as Black, Caribbean and heterosexual participated in three focus groups and were asked to define sexual health, critique behaviours expertly identified as healthy and address what encourages and discourages sexual health in their lives. Findings point to six dimensions of sexual health for heterosexual Black men of Caribbean descent. These include: heterosexually privileged, protective, contextual, interpersonal, cultural and pleasurable dimensions. There were some notable departures from current expert definitions of sexual health. Recommendations for further theory development are provided.
Abstract 18860: Cardiorespiratory Fitness Affects the Rate of Decline of Maximal Heart Rate with Age

Introduction: There is a general consensus that an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) does not affect the rate of decline of maximal heart rate (HRmax) with age. This consensus was developed primarily from large cross-sectional studies performing symptom limited exercise tests, which lack cardiometabolic data to confirm the achievement of true maximal effort and are limited to predicting CRF. Methods: Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) results, with directly measured CRF, from participants (1161 men, 1070 women) of a university based health-assessment/fitness program were examined. Participants’ data were included if they performed a CPET on a treadmill, achieved a respiratory exchange ratio ≥1.0 and were not taking HR altering medications. Only subjects having completed ≥2 CPETs with ≥1 year between test dates were included in the longitudinal analysis (282 men, 172 women). Subjects were categorized into CRF categories (high, moderate, and low) relative to age and gender normative cla...
Isochronal annealing on n-type 4H-SiC epitaxial schottky barriers and investigation of defect levels by deep level transient spectroscopy

Schottky barriers were fabricated on 50 µm thick n-type 4H-SiC epitaxial layers. The effective doping concentration was calculated from high frequency (1 MHz) capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements and was found to be ∼ 9×1014 cm−3. Using a thermionic emission model, an effective barrier height of 1.22 eV and an ideality factor of 1.6 were calculated from the room temperature forward current-voltage (I–V) characteristics. The barrier height was also calculated from the C-V measurements and was found to be slightly higher compared to that obtained from I–V measurements, which suggests a spatial variation of surface barrier height across the device surface area. Capacitance mode deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) in the temperature range 80 to 800 K revealed the presence of four electron traps located in the energy range of 0.17 – 1.6 eV below the conduction band edge (Ec). Three deep level defects at Ec-0.67 eV (Z×), Ec-1.04 eV (EH5), and Ec-1.67 eV (EH6/7) are detected along with one shallow level defects at Ec-0.17 eV (Ti(c)). The capture cross-sections and defect densities were studied systematically through DLTS measurements before and after isochronal annealing in the temperature range of 100 – 800 K. Among different defects, Z½ and EH6/7 are found to be very stable in the entire isochronal annealing range. The defects' parameters are evaluated and correlated with previous studies.
Scarab larvae Killing Sugarbeet Seedlings

In October 1970, seedling sugarbeets were wilting and dying in a portion of a 60-acre beet field near Higley, Ariz. On Oct. 31. examination showed that about the northern ⅔ of the field suffered substantial stand loss, whereas the southern ⅓ did not seem to be affected. The ⅓ of the field had been in alfalfa before sugarbeets were planted, whereas the northern ⅔ had been fallow, except for weeds and grasses.
Women Out of Africa Naming, Knowing, and the Conditions of Being

This essay critically examines naming and knowing in relation to African women as subjects in a global 21st century. Proceeding from the premise that naming is an epistemological act, it critically examines the relation between naming and knowledge production about African women who move across boundaries as transnational subjects. It considers the constraints placed by such naming and knowledge production on African women’s subjectivity. Finally, it considers the ways that African women challenge and contradict the politics of naming, and the possibilities those contradictions offer for forging new epistemologies of gender and Africa in the 21st century.
Regulation of type II adenylyl cyclase mRNA in rabbit skeletal muscle by chronic motor nerve pacing

Skeletal muscle exhibits a wide range in functional phenotype in response to changes in physiological demands. We have observed that, in response to changes in work patterns, alterations in gene expression of some proteins coincide with changes in adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity [Kraus, W.E., J.P. Longabaugh, and S. B. Liggett. Am. J. Physiol 263 (Endocrinol. Metab. 26): E266-E230, 1992]. We now examine AC isoform transcript prevalence in various rabbit skeletal muscles and in response to changing work demands. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we detected type II AC isoform transcripts in rabbit skeletal muscle. Ribonuclease protection analyses revealed that expression of the type II isoform significantly correlated with the percentage of fast-twitch type IIb/IId fibers (r2 = 0.765, P < 0.01). When a fast-twitch muscle was converted to a slow-twitch muscle via chronic electrical pacing, expression of type II AC mRNA significantly decreased. This response occurred 3 days after the onset of stimulation (78% decrease) and was still present after 21 days of stimulation (76% decrease). As type II AC is relatively insensitive to calcium regulation while sensitive to protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, these data provide further impetus for investigations of protein kinase A and PKC cross-talk signaling mechanisms in the regulation of gene expression.
Who Owns “Place of People” Cinema? Glocalizing “Taiwan New Cinema” in the Neoliberal Era:

The relationship between cultural–creative industries and globalization has been a significant concern of geographers for more than a decade. Geographers have argued that cultural–creative industries have become urban-based initiatives which reinforce social stratification and social inequalities. Analyzing Taiwan’s film industry, this article integrates the framework of the New International Division of Cultural Labor with the urban theory of David Harvey and Henri Lefebvre. The main research question examines how the famed Taiwan New Cinema was subsumed into the overarching structure of the New International Division of Cultural Labor in the neoliberal era. Meanwhile, through a case study of “Place of People” cinema in Taipei, this article examines the Taiwan state-led “Cultural and Creative Industry Development Plan” and its aftermath. This study argues that although public–private partnerships do in fact comprise Taipei’s urban entrepreneurial strategy governing Place of People cinema, they contribute...
The Rural Social Justice Leader: An Exploratory Profile in Resilience:

An exploratory investigation was conducted into the motivations and leadership traits of five rural school superintendents who over time evidenced a commitment to social justice. This effort meets ...
Ballistic effects on the copper precipitation and re-dissolution kinetics in an ion irradiated and thermally annealed Fe–Cu alloy

Studies of solute precipitation and precipitate phase stability in nuclear structural materials under concurrent irradiation and heat often lead to contradictory results due to the complex nature of the phenomena which is far from well understood. Here, we present a comprehensive atomistically based continuum model for the copper precipitation and re-dissolution kinetics in an ion irradiated and thermally annealed Fe-0.78 at. % Cu alloy. Our model incorporates thermal and irradiation enhanced diffusion of atomic Cu, clustering of Cu into sub-nanometer and nanometer sized precipitates, thermal dissociation of the precipitates and, in particular, a cascade re-dissolution parameter that has been made available by recent molecular dynamics simulations. Our model suggests that the Cu precipitates may form, re-dissolve, or coarsen under different irradiation and thermal conditions depending on the competition between the thermal and the ballistic effects. The quantitative predictions of our model are compared with available experiments including limited atom probe tomography data acquired in this study. The work highlights the importance of combining thermal and ballistic effects in the understanding of phase stability in extreme nuclear environments.
FRI0426 Do The Validated Tools of Disease and Functional Activity in Ankylosing Spondylitis Measure fibromyalgia Symptoms

Background Concomitant fibromyalgia syndrome is a common problem in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its recognition is important for optimal management of AS. There is a concern that validated tools of disease activity, function and patient reported outcomes in AS may be measuring fibromyalgia pain and symptoms in patients with concomitant AS and fibromyalgia. Objectives We studied the relationship between the validated AS measures of disease activity, functional index, and markers of inflammation and ACR fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. Methods Study was approved by our IRB. We prospectively recruited 51 subjects ≥18 years of age with AS (meeting modified New York criteria with grade 3 or 4 sacroiliitis and high disease activity (BASDAI ≥3). Demographic and clinical data were collected and stored in Redcap data base. Various validated Questionnaires to assess disease, functional activity and patient reported outcomes in AS were administered to the patients. The frequency of FMS was determined using validated 2010 ACR diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia [1]. The patient met the fibromyalgia criteria if (i) widespread pain index (WPI) of ≥7 & symptom severity score (SS) ≥5 or WPI 3–6 & SS score ≥9,(ii) symptoms were present at a similar level for at least 3 months and (iii) the pain was not attributed to AS by the clinician. ESR and CRP was measured using routine laboratory methods. Descriptive analysis included continuous variables (the mean ± SD) and the categorical variables percentage. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between BASDAI, BASMI, ASDAS, Rapid 3 and fibromyalgia status Results There 34 males and 17 females with mean age of 49.8 ± 12.2; 30.6% African-Americans, 63.2% whites and 4.0% Asians, with 47.0% HLA-B27 positive, 29.4% negative and 23% unknown.18/47 (38.3%) have had acute anterior uveitis. 45% of the patients had been on TNF-α inhibitors. Mean BASDAI was 5.23 (±2.5); BASFI 4.7 (± 2.8); PGA 5.1 (±2.4); ASDAS-CRP 3.4 (±1.13); and RAPID 3 score 13.76 (± 7.21), ESR 22.4 mm/hr (±22.0) and CRP 1.3 mg/dl (±1.9).21 AS patients (41.2%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria of fibromyalgia. No statistically significant relationship was found between WPI score (Figure 1) with BASDAI (p=0.56), ASDAS (p=0.19), BASFI (0.50), RAPID 3 (p=0.70), CRP (p=0.25), and ESR (p=0.30). Also, no statistically significant relationship was found between SS score (Figure 1) with BASDAI (p=0.12), ASDAS (p=0.87), BASFI (0.73), RAPID 3 (p=0.75), CRP (p=0.79), and ESR (p=0.90). Conclusions Despite high frequency of fibromyalgia prevalence in our patients with AS and active disease, the validated tools of disease and functional activity in AS did not measure fibromyalgia pain and symptoms. Disclosure of Interest None declared
The Impact of Parental Involvement on a Structured Youth Program Experience: A Qualitative Inquiry

Parental involvement is an often proposed, but rarely researched, key element of youth programs. Questions remain regarding the impact of parental involvement on program processes and outcomes. Qualitative data were collected over a one-year period with youth participants (n=46), parents (n=26), and teachers (n=5) associated with an international immersion/service learning program for adolescents. Three main research questions guided the data analysis: (1) what role does parental involvement play in the youths’ experience in the program; (2) how does parental involvement in the program influence the parent/child relationship; and (3) what role does parental involvement play in terms of the program’s long-term impact on the youth participants? Findings suggest a relationship between parental involvement in youth programs and improved parent/child communication, bonding, and perceptions of one another. Findings also suggest that having a common ground experience prolonged the experience’s positive post-participation effects.
Swarm cognition and artificial life

Swarm Cognition is the juxtaposition of two relatively unrelated concepts that evoke, on the one hand, the power of collective behaviours displayed by natural swarms, and on the other hand the complexity of cognitive processes in the vertebrate brain. Recently, scientists from various disciplines suggest that, at a certain level of description, operational principles used to account for the behaviour of natural swarms may turn out to be extremely powerful tools to identify the neuroscientific basis of cognition. In this paper, we review the most recent studies in this direction, and propose an integration of Swarm Cognition with Artificial Life, identifying a roadmap for a scientific and technological breakthrough in Cognitive Sciences.
Design and optimization of focal plane arrays integrated with dielectric microspheres

In this work, we propose and optimize several designs of mid-IR focal plane arrays (FPAs) where individual pixels are integrated with dielectric microspheres to provide maximal light collection efficiency in combination with large angle-of-view (AOV). The designs are developed for back-illuminated FPAs with progressively shorter effective focal length to increase AOV by more than an order of magnitude compared to commercial microlens arrays.
Micro-Doppler characteristics of pedestrians and bicycles for automotive radar sensors at 77 GHz

Future millimeter-wave automotive radar sensors will likely have the capability to utilize the micro-Doppler signatures for classifying different targets, especially pedestrians and bicyclists. This paper presents the study findings on micro-Doppler signatures associated with the movements of body and rotating wheels of pedestrian and bicyclist at 77 GHz. The pedestrian micro-Doppler signatures were studied analytically and experimentally. The micro-Doppler responses of bicycles were studied via experiments.
The Effects of a Pretrained Excitatory Stimulus on Schedule-Induced Polydipsia in the Rat

The purpose of the present study was to test two predictions derived from the application of Pavlovian conditioning principles to the schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) phenomena. The first prediction was that a pretrained excitatory signal for pellet delivery would facilitate the development of SIP. A second prediction was that phenomena which are typically observed in Pavlovian conditioning experiments, such as learned irrelevance, latent inhibition, and the US preexposure effect, would also be observed in the SIP paradigm. The results indicated that a group given excitatory pretraining to a tone failed to develop SIP more rapidly than controls when this tone was used to signal pellet deliveries during SIP training. However, learned irrelevance, latent inhibition, and the US preexposure effect were demonstrated. Thus, these data generally support the predictions derived from the Pavlovian conditioning view of SIP.
Parameter and State Estimation: Introduction and Interrelation

Abstract The analysis and synthesis of parameter estimators and of state estimators are based upon a few simple principles. Mathematical notation and jargon often obscures the simplicity of the underlying concepts and serve to confuse the innocent. This paper focuses attention on these concepts and emphasizes their appearance in parameter and state estimation. Issues such as the system model, probabilistic assumptions, performance criteria, estimator characteristics, and computational concerns are discussed. Interrelations among different approaches and between parameter and state estimators are highlighted.
Adapting Content Presentation for Mobile Web Browsing

As the use of mobile handheld devices for Web access becomes increasingly popular, ease of use has become an important issue for mobile devices. However, due to their small screen size, users often suffer from the poor content presentation that seriously hinders the usability of Mobile Web applications. Therefore, adapting Web content presentation for more effective user browsing on handheld devices becomes very important. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid approach to presentation adaptation that integrates three techniques, namely tree-view adaptation, hierarchical text summarization, and keyword highlighting. A prototype system called M-Web is implemented based on the proposed approach. We conducted a preliminary user study to evaluate the effect of presentation adaptation on mobile Web browsing. The results show that presentation adaptation improves users’ performance and perception of mobile Web browsing.
Voltage control by using capacitor banks and tap changing transformers in a renewable microgrid

This paper is based on an ongoing project that is evaluating the potential for a microgrid in a city in northwest region of the US. Power for the microgrid will be supplied largely from existing hydroelectric generators and proposed photovoltaic installations. This study focuses on the voltage profiles of all of the buses in the microgrid during different seasons of the year and identifies the ways to ensure adequate voltage quality. The microgrid is modeled in Powerworld. The steady state behavior of the voltage profile is studied over time using time step simulation in Powerworld in four different seasons of a year. The main objective of this paper is to study the effectiveness of using shunt capacitor banks or on load tap changing or a combination of both for improving the voltage profile of all the buses in the microgrid.
Practical Approaches and Pearls to Complete a Successful Application

Applicants should start early, stay on track, and not hesitate to seek clarification and assistance in completing all the materials necessary for promotion. A complete CV may be required weeks before the final deadline as it is provided to internal and external individuals who make independent assessments of the eligibility for promotion. The CV and personal statement must clearly articulate that the applicant meets the expectations for the requested promotion and convey his/her leadership and contributions to the institution and possibly nationally. Positive attitude, good writing style, and attention to detail are necessary to prepare a cohesive and persuasive application dossier. The application must enable the reviewer to identify and understand the core evidence as efficiently as possible and convince him/her to advocate for the promotion. Appreciating the different perspectives of reviewers is as important as understanding the expectations for promotion. Obtaining robust reviews from experienced faculty members from different departments is invaluable.
High Resolution Inverse Raman Spectroscopy of Molecular Hydrogen

In this paper we briefly summarize our recent measurements of H2 Raman Q-branch spectra in both pure and H2-rare gas mixtures. This work includes a novel speed-dependent line-broadening model to explain the the H2-Ar lineshape and broadening results.
A Longitudinal Case Study of Exceptional Leadership Talent.

The development of leadership talent in a gifted individual was the focus of this 15-year longitudinal case study. Four major themes explained the development of his leadership talent. Crucial fami...
Media and Social Media

Social media are widely used by medical societies, healthcare providers, patients, and other stakeholders. There are multiple public-facing social networks as well as platforms specific to healthcare professionals and the majority of urologists have a social media account. Social media has many potential benefits for clinical care, research, and education along with potential risks including spread of misinformation and professional misconduct. Urologists should review the professional guidelines on social media prior to use. It is important to maintain an ongoing relationship with your institution’s media department to identify potential opportunities. When contacted by the media to participate in an interview, it is important to respond promptly to these inquiries and remember to use lay language and avoid medical jargon. These relationships are essential for urologists seeking repeated, ongoing media opportunities.
Barred Owls reduce occupancy and breeding propensity of Northern Spotted Owl in a Washington old-growth forest

Protected lands like national parks are important refuges for threatened and endangered species as environmental pressures on wildlife and their habitats increase. The Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina), a species designated as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, occurs on public lands throughout the western United States including Mount Rainier National Park (MRNP), Washington. With virtually no history of timber harvest or large forest disturbance within MRNP boundaries since the park's creation in 1899, MRNP provides an ideal place to evaluate potential impacts of climate change and invasive Barred Owls (Strix varia) on the Northern Spotted Owl. We used a multi-state, multi-season occupancy model to investigate how Northern Spotted Owl occupancy dynamics and breeding propensity are related to the presence of Barred Owls, local and regional weather, and habitat characteristics at MRNP from 1997 to 2016. Historical occupancy of Northern Spotted Owl breeding territories in MRNP has declined by 50% in the last 20 yr, and territory occupancy by breeding Northern Spotted Owls also decreased, reaching a low of 25% in 2016. Occupancy rates were higher on territories with steeper terrain and breeding rates were lower when Barred Owls were detected within historical territories. Our results also indicated that breeding propensity was higher when early nesting season temperatures during March and April were higher. In addition, the ability to detect breeding Northern Spotted Owls decreased when Barred Owls were present in the territory. Habitat variables from LiDAR were not correlated with Northern Spotted Owl occupancy dynamics, likely reflecting the dominance of old-growth forest in this protected park. This study illustrates the strong relationship between Barred Owls and Northern Spotted Owl demographics and breeding site selection in a landscape where habitat loss by timber harvest and fire has not occurred.
Comparative study of wild-type and rd10 mice reveals transient intrinsic optical signal response before phosphodiesterase activation in retinal photoreceptors:

Transient intrinsic optical signal (IOS) has been observed in stimulus-evoked retinal photoreceptors. This study is to compare IOS changes in wild-type and retinal degeneration 10 (rd10) mouse reti...
Increased history of ischemic stroke and decreased neurocognitive performance in children with chronic kidney disease.

This study aimed to determine stroke incidence and assess the association between stroke and neurocognitive functioning in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Data was derived from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort study. Stroke incidence was calculated after confirming self-reports of stroke occurrence by chart review. Each participant with stroke was matched with three stroke-free participants and performance on selected neurocognitive measures was compared. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare neurocognitive test scores. Effect size (ES) was estimated using a modified version of Cohen’s U3 metric that measures the excess percentage of the stroke group worse than the median of the control group. Of 891 subjects, five (0.56%) had a confirmed stroke prior to study entry. Median time at risk was 15.7 years [interquartile range, 12.5–18.4]. Estimated incidence rate of history of stroke was 36.8 per 100,000 children per year (95% confidence interval 15.3, 88.5). Controls and subjects with stroke were similar in age, CKD duration, race, and maternal education. ES for many of the neurocognitive comparisons was moderate to large. Subjects in the CKID cohort with a history of stroke had lower scores on spatial span reverse, spatial span forward, and design fluency, and worse parent ratings on BRIEF Metacognition Index compared to a matched sample of children with CKD without stroke. Children with CKD have an increased incidence of prior ischemic stroke compared to the general pediatric population. A stroke history was associated with poorer performance on neurocognitive measures.
The Demand for Forward-looking Information about Other Comprehensive Income and Special Items

We investigate the information content of analysts’ book value per share (BVPS) forecasts. We test whether analysts’ BVPS forecasts are informative about future realizations of other comprehensive income (OCI) and special items controlling for analysts’ EPS forecasts. Our results suggest that analysts’ BVPS forecasts generally incorporate upcoming realizations of OCI and special items, especially for financial firms. We also find evidence that BVPS forecasts provide expectations of non-EPS income, and that the market responds to BVPS innovations, especially BVPS forecasts misses. Finally, we find evidence that analysts provide more BVPS forecasts for financial firms that 1) have greater absolute levels of accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) from securities and derivatives, 2) report higher levels of OCI from securities, and 3) hold more opaque financial assets, and for non-financial firms with high absolute levels of pension-related AOCI.
Comparison of Tendon Lengthening With Traditional Versus Accelerated Rehabilitation After Achilles Tendon Repair: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial:

Background:Early weightbearing protocols after Achilles tendon repair promote mobilization, yet little is known about their effect on tendon lengthening.Purpose:To evaluate tendon lengthening after...
Chapter 8 – Unanticipated Risk in Clinical Research

Publisher Summary This chapter illustrates how clinical research can be a risky undertaking not only for the subject but also for the investigator. Clinical studies are carefully orchestrated processes that require preparation and oversight. The complexity of clinical research arises because it involves more than just a contract between subject and investigator brokered over an informed consent document. The language of clinical research revolves around risk. Considering that the research endeavor involves a partnership, it is surprising that all of the discussions of risk concern only one of the partners, the research subject. The important risk to the investigator is that something will go terribly wrong; patients could be hurt or even die, and one's judgment in designing the study will be questioned. Thus, there is a need of proper guidelines and protocols for greater productivity and security.
Emergency Mail-in Voting in Rhode Island: Protecting Civic Participation During COVID-19 and Beyond

The COVID-19 pandemic challenges safe and equitable voting in the United States' 2020 elections, and in response, several states including Rhode Island (RI) have made significant changes to election policy. In addition to increasing accessibility of mail-in voting by mailing applications to all registered voters, RI has suspended their notary/witness requirement for both the primary and general election. However, RI's "emergency" voting process still plays a crucial role in allowing voters who missed the mail-in ballot application deadline, such as those unexpectedly hospitalized in the days leading up to the election, to still cast their ballot. COVID-19 has also forced RI to modify its emergency voting procedures, most notably allowing healthcare workers to serve on bipartisan ballot delivery teams. This commentary highlights these salient updates to voting procedures and serves as a primer as to how interested health care workers may navigate this process alongside patients and lead in the arena of patient voting rights.
Association of asymptomatic hemorrhage after endovascular stroke treatment with outcomes.

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) occurs in ~20%–30% of stroke patients undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT). However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of asymptomatic ICH (aICH) on post-EVT outcomes. We sought to evaluate the effect of aICH on immediate and 90-day post-EVT neurological outcomes. Methods In this post-hoc analysis of the multicenter, prospective Blood Pressure after Endovascular Therapy (BEST) study we identified subjects with ICH following EVT. This population was divided into no ICH, aICH, and symptomatic ICH (sICH). Associations with 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) dichotomized by functional independence (0–2 vs 3–6) and early neurological recovery (ENR) were determined using univariate/multivariate logistic regression models. Results Of 485 patients enrolled in BEST, 446 had 90-day follow-up data available. 92 (20.6%) developed aICH, and 18 (4%) developed sICH. Compared with those without ICH, aICH was not associated with worse 90-day outcome or lower ENR (OR 0.84 [0.53–1.35], P=0.55, aOR 0.84 [0.48–1.44], P=0.53 for 90-day mRS 0–2; OR 0.77 [0.48–1.23], P=0.34, aOR 0.72 [0.43–1.22] for ENR). aICH was not associated with 90-day outcome or ENR in patients with mTICI ≥2 b (OR 0.78 [0.48–1.26], P=0.33 for 90-day mRS 0–2; OR 0.89 [0.69–1.12], P=0.15 for ENR). A higher proportion of patients with aICH had mTICI ≥2 b than those without ICH (97%vs 87%, P=0.01). Conclusions aICH was not associated with worse outcomes in patients with large-vessel stroke treated with EVT. aICH was more frequent in patients with successful recanalization. Further validation of our findings in large cohort studies of EVT-treated patients is warranted.
Geographic Patterns of Innovation Across U.S. States: 1980-2010

The distribution of innovation in the United States has become more concentrated and has shifted to the West.
Intrinsic material constants of poroelasticity

Abstract Biot and Willis (1957) performed micromechanical analysis on isotropic poroelastic materials and presented three material constants, the jacketed compressibility , the unjacketed compressibility, and the coefficient of fluid content, to characterize the volumetric deformation. Brown and Korringa (1975) and Rice and Cleary (1976) recast them into a drained bulk modulus K , an unjacketed bulk modulus K s ′ , and an unjacketed pore modulus K s ′ ′ . The constant K s ′ ′ is tied to the storage capacity of porous medium; hence is highly important in petroleum and geosequestration applications. It is, however, difficult to measure in the laboratory due to the lack of a direct way to observe pore volume deformation. In this work, a physics based approach is used to explore these micromechanical constants. Three intrinsic material constants that isolate the physical mechanisms, an unjacketed solid bulk modulus K s , a drained pore modulus K p , and a micro inhomogeneity and anisotropy modulus K ψ , are presented to characterize the porous material. Bounds on material constants are developed based on thermodynamics and elastic stability requirements. Past attempts in measuring K s ′ ′ using direct or indirect approaches are compiled. Most of the efforts failed to satisfy the theoretical bounds. Only those attempted to measure the change in pore volume passed the test. The intrinsic constants are used to interpret the bulk material constants, such as the drained and undrained bulk modulus, and the storage and Skempton pore pressure coefficient. The total volume change and the storage capacity can be partitioned into those attributed to solid, pore, fluid, and the microinhomogeneity compressibilities. A published data set on stress dependent Skempton pore pressure coefficient and bulk modulus is reanalyzed. The data are matched by the calibration of a single of K ψ value.
Did the Timing of State Mandated Lockdown Affect the Spread of COVID-19 Infection? A County-level Ecological Study in the United States.

Objectives Previous pandemics have demonstrated that several demographic, geographic, and socioeconomic factors may play a role in increased infection risk. During this current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, our aim was to examine the association of timing of lockdown at the county level and aforementioned risk factors with daily case rate (DCR) in the United States. Methods A cross-sectional study using publicly available data was performed including Americans with COVID-19 infection as of May 24, 2020. The United States counties with >100 000 population and >50 cases per 100 000 people were included. The independent variable was the days required from the declaration of lockdown to reach the target case rate (50/100 000 cases) while the dependent (outcome) variable was the DCR per 100 000 on the day of statistical calculation (May 24, 2020) after adjusting for multiple confounding socio-demographic, geographic, and health-related factors. Each independent factor was correlated with outcome variables and assessed for collinearity with each other. Subsequently, all factors with significant association to the outcome variable were included in multiple linear regression models using stepwise method. Models with best R2 value from the multiple regression were chosen. Results The timing of mandated lockdown order had the most significant association on the DCR per 100 000 after adjusting for multiple socio-demographic, geographic and health-related factors. Additional factors with significant association with increased DCR include rate of uninsured and unemployment. Conclusions The timing of lockdown order was significantly associated with the spread of COVID-19 at the county level in the United States.
Demographic Characteristics Among Members of Patient Family Advisory Councils at a Pediatric Health System.

Patient Family Advisory Councils (PFACs) are groups of patients, families, and clinical health system leaders collaborating to improve the quality, safety, and experience of care. Best practices en...
Animals in Advertising: Eliciting Powerful Consumer Response, Resulting in Enhanced Brand Engagement

The use of live animals as a communications tool has been seen in thousands of commercials, many of which have received international attention through online channels. As the Internet becomes a prevalent sharing platform, the reactions from viewers can be better understood with quantifiable metrics. A new perspective on why live animals are used in advertising is given, with consideration of three branches of study. These include (1) the role of animals in advertising, (2) the role of...
Exotic Nuclear Spectroscopy—Remembrance of Past Futures

Many of the developments presented in Exotic Nuclear Spectroscopy are realizations of dreams and goals of long ago. Radioactive beams, 4π high-multiplicity γ-ray spheres, on-line recoil mass spectrometers, nuclei ever further from stability, peculiar nuclear shapes and transitions, insight into details of nuclear structure unthought of several decades ago—all these are now being realized in nuclear spectroscopy. And theory is keeping pace with experiment—more elaborate shell-model calculations, partial details of the p-n residual interaction, successful group-theoretical models, feedback from quarks and elementary-particle theory into models of nuclear structure. It is an exciting time to be working in nuclear spectroscopy, for we are producing far-out but concrete results. In this summary chapter, I shall try to tie together some of the new findings and ideas presented in the book, relate some of these to “past futures,” and even make a few cautious predictions about the state of nuclear spectroscopy in future futures.
Query Refinement: Negation Detection and Proximity Learning Georgetown at TREC 2014 Clinical Decision Support Track

Abstract : In this paper we describe our efforts for TREC Clinical Decision Support Track 2014. Our system takes medical case narratives as input and returns relevant biomedical articles to answer clinical questions to determine the patient's diagnosis, the tests the patient should receive, and how the patient should be treated. We model each topic as highly representative keyword-based structured queries. Since both the topics and returned documents are written in highly technical language, we address the traditional vocabulary gap present within medical information retrieval, while also focusing on employing methodologies to refine our queries by detecting negation and applying query proximity learning. We hypothesized terms with high frequency among the topics, which are likely to create noise and impair the return of highly relevant documents. Our top two runs utilizing negation detection perform above the median for P@10, R-Prec, and infAP, and our other three runs that utilized proximity learning performed approximately consistent with the median. More research is required to explore the potential benefits of proximity learning over a more robust set of topics.
An Interview with Gerald Stern

DH: Maybe we can call this "Going Forth and Forth." GS: I like going forth and forth. DH: Well, it's a line of yours I like too and we can try to earn it. What poet have you memorized most? Who do you have most lines of by heart? GS: I suspect ... I suspect Yeats. Used to be Auden, some Hart Crane. Before that it was Marlowe. Not a lot of Shakespeare for some reason or other. DH: I was surprised when I noticed Marlowe mentioned in your verse. GS: I remember the joy with which I used to read Tamburlaine, both parts, and of course Dr. Faustus. I just adored Marlowe: there was bril liance. It was pure, intense music, unadulterated, unashamed, the poetry of a young man, a Keats, a Hart Crane. The man was unashamedly . . . unashamedly a poet, unashamedly an intellectual, unashamedly a kind of ideologue. Far ahead of his time. Whereas Shakespeare is everybody's priest. Marlowe forces you to disagree or agree with him because of that fierce intense philosophical position, so to speak, I mean both in language and ideas. But it was the pure poetry, the lines that just came back to you, over and over again, to haunt you. DH: But Yeats too. I guess I'm not surprised at Yeats. GS: And Cummings. You know, when I was in my early twenties two of the poets I read then, I don't think people read them as much now, were MacLeish and Cummings, also as I think about it, Gerard Manley Hopkins and Dylan Thomas. DH: The warm blooded poets that stir us. GS: Yeah. DH: And in the generation just before you, did you correspondingly go for Roethke more than for Lowell? GS: You know that's such a good question, such a relevant question. I re member I was in Europe in the mid-fifties with Pat. We lived for three years there. We gave ourselves twenty-five dollars a week. In some places, like France, that was hard, and in places like Austria it was very easy. I was studying the American poets, trying to decide what to do, where to go.
Thermal degradation analysis of polymeric materials by combined mass spectrometric and thermogravimetric analysis

Polymeric materials thermal degradation kinetic parameters using combined mass spectrometric and thermogravimetric analysis /MS-TGA/
Vegetative approach to manage poor water quality in central California

Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of developed water resources. At the same time, drainage from irrigated lands is one of the major causes of waterlogging and of water pollution. Water availability for irrigation could be enhanced through the proper use of drainage water. Expanding such use would minimize water/logging drainage problems and reduce the hazardous effects of irrigation on the environment. Many drainage waters can be used successfully to grow crops without long-term consequences to some crops or soils. Reuse of saline subsurface drainage water for irrigation is a subject of increasing interest for managing high drainage volumes and sustaining crop productivity in California’s agricultural region of San Joaquin Valley. Typical drainage waters from this part of central California originate from infiltrated water that has percolated through the root zone carrying dissolvable salts, e.g., boron, selenium, chloride, into subsurface drains. Successful use of these collected saline drainage waters requires an adequate understanding of how natural-occurirng salts affect waters, soils, and plants. Proper management and disposal of these drainage waters are difficult because of the high salinity (EC>10 dS/m), boron (>10 mg B/L), and selenium (>150 ug Se/L) levels. Concerns have been reported in different ecosystems, including selenium poisoning in waterfowl and crop toxicities associated with increased salinity and boron in the soil. Environmental concerns related to selenium found in conjunction with boron and salinity have added a new dimension to drainage management and disposal with water-reuse strategies. Information is available regarding the effect of both salinity and boron on plant growth but identification of tolerant species remains an on-going and complex selection process. In the last few years potential plant and tree species have been irrigated with saline and boron-rich drainage waters under greenhouse and field conditions. The accumulation of boron, chloride, and selenium and their effect on dry matter production has been evaluated. Information will be presented on the tolerance of the better candidates among the tested crops.
Pathologic physiology and chemotherapy of Plasmodium berghei. X. Pulmonary edema and naphthoquinones.

The effects of the following naphthoquinones were investigated in mice: WR 26,041 or 2-hydroxy-3-(9-hydroxy-pentyltetradecyl) 1,4-naphthoquinone and WR 49,808 or 3-(8-cyclohexyIoctyl)-2-hydroxyl, -4-naphthoquinone. Compound WR 49,808 is more potent than WR 26,041 in suppressing parasitemia in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The extent of pulmonary edema was evaluated by determining the lung weight/body weight ratio, and moisture content of the lung. There was definite edema in the lungs of malarial mice 6 days after inoculation. Prior treatment with either WR 26,041 or WR 49,808 reduced the intensity of pulmonary edema in malarial mice. This is interpreted as a nonspecific antiedema action of naphthoquinones, since they are also effective in preventing pulmonary edema associated with injection of large doses of epinephrine or inhalation of 25% carbon dioxide. Prior treatment with morphine sulfate prevented edema in infected mice or in mice inhaling carbon dioxide but not in mice treated with epinephrine. The inhalation of 100% oxygen reduced the degree of parasitemia but did not prevent edema. The use of oxygen inhalation, morphine sulfate, and naphthoquinones in the management of pulmonary edema in human malaria in particular and of pulmonary edema from other causes requires additional investigation.
Design of concept libraries for c

We present a set of concepts (requirements on template arguments) for a large subset of the ISO C++ standard library. The goal of our work is twofold: to identify a minimal and useful set of concepts required to constrain the library's generic algorithms and data structures and to gain insights into how best to support such concepts within C++. We start with the design of concepts rather than the design of supporting language features; the language design must be made to fit the concepts, rather than the other way around. A direct result of the experiment is the realization that to simply and elegantly support generic programming we need two kinds of abstractions: constraints are predicates on static properties of a type, and concepts are abstract specifications of an algorithm's syntactic and semantic requirements. Constraints are necessary building blocks of concepts. Semantic properties are represented as axioms. We summarize our approach: concepts =constraints +axioms . This insight is leveraged to develop a library containing only 14 concepts that encompassing the functional, iterator, and algorithm components of the C++ Standard Library (the STL). The concepts are implemented as constraint classes and evaluated using Clang's and GCC's Standard Library test suites.