cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The use of nonpolar matrices for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analysis of high boiling crude oil fractions.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) with nonpolar matrices has been investigated for its applicability to the characterization of atmospheric resid crude oil fractions. The data obtained by use of nonpolar matrices was compared with that from polar matrices as well as from direct LDI-MS and field ionization mass spectrometry. Nonpolar matrices, such as anthracene or 9-cyanoanthracene, yield only a single radical molecular cation upon LDI. Thus, no interfering matrix-related ions are present during the MALDI-TOFMS analysis of the crude oil sample. Nonpolar matrices yield molecular mass distributions from linear mode MALDI-TOFMS that are comparable to distributions found with LDI-MS. An advantage of nonpolar matrices is the increased production of analyte ions, which allows reflectron mode MALDI-TOFMS to be performed. Nonpolar matrices are also shown to be less sensitive to solvent and sample preparation conditions than conventional polar matrices. These results suggest that nonpolar matrices may be favorable alternatives to more traditional polar or acidic matrices commonly used in the MALDI mass spectral characterization of crude oil related samples.
Effects of irradiation on Hall probe sensitivity

Four Hall probes from two different manufacturers were exposed to increasing amounts of radiation at the Advanced Test Accelerator and were compared periodically to a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gaussmeter at magnetic field values of 2 to 8 kG. The radiation was primarily bremsstrahlung from a 45-MeV electron beam. The probes were mounted near a beam dump, along with LiF thermoluminescent detectors to keep track of the cumulative dose. The data show a threshold near 100 kRd, beyond which the probes tend to lose sensitivity and perform outside their nominal error limits. It is conjectured that the loss in sensitivity may be caused by crystal dislocations in the InAs Hall chip arising from neutrons generated in gamma-n reactions. It is observed that the radiation effects are not monotonic with cumulative dose, and in some cases appear to go away at the higher doses; this is attributed to annealing of the probe material during or in between the successive irradiations. >
Activin signaling limits the competence for retinal regeneration from the pigmented epithelium.

Regeneration of the retina in amphibians is initiated by the transdifferentiation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) into neural progenitors. A similar process occurs in the early embryonic chick, but the RPE soon loses this ability. The factors that limit the competence of RPE cells to regenerate neural retina are not understood; however, factors normally involved in the development of the eye (i.e. FGF and Pax6) have also been implicated in transdifferentiation. Therefore, we tested whether activin, a TGFβ family signaling protein shown to be important in RPE development, contributes to the loss in competence of the RPE to regenerate retina. We have found that addition of activin blocks regeneration from the RPE, even during stages when the cells are competent. Conversely, a small molecule inhibitor of the activin/TGFβ/nodal receptors can delay, and even reverse, the developmental restriction in FGF-stimulated neural retinal regeneration.
Using web helper agent profiles in query generation

Personalized information agents can help overcome some of the limitations of communal Web information sources such as portals and search engines. Two important components of these agents are: user profiles and information filtering or gathering services. Ideally, these components can be separated so that a single user profile can be leveraged for a variety of information services. Toward that end, we are building an information agent called SurfAgent; in previous studies, we have developed and tested methods for automatically learning a user profile [20]. In this paper, we evaluate alternative methods for recommending new documents to a user by generating queries from the user profile and submitting them to a popular search engine. Our study focuses on three questions: How do different algorithms for query generation perform relative to each other? Is positive relevance feedback adequate to support the task? Can a user profile be learned independent of the service? We found that three algorithms appear to excel and that using only positive feedback does degrade the results somewhat. We conclude with the results of a pilot user study for assessing interaction of the profile and the query generation mechanisms.
Towards Autonomous Fixed-Wing MAVs With Hovering Capabilities

Near-Earth environments, such as forests, caves, tunnels, and urban structures make reconnaissance, surveillance and search-and-rescue missions dificult and dangerous to accomplish. Micro-Air-Vehicles (MAVs), equipped with wireless cameras, can assist in such missions by providing real-time situational awareness. This paper describes an additional flight modality enabling fixed-wing MAVs to supplement existing endurance superiority with hovering capabilities. This secondary flight mode can also be used to avoid imminent collisions by quickly transitioning from cruise to hover ight. A sensor suite which will allow for autonomous hovering by regulating the aircraft’s yaw, pitch and roll angles is also described.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Characterization and physical modeling of power bipolar transistors in soft switching converters

In this paper, an extensive performance analysis of a power bipolar junction transistor (BJT) under hard- and soft-switching is discussed. The main focus is on improving the switching loss and switching time of the device by exploiting the interaction between the circuit and the device. The effect of the circuit components, switching sequence on switching loss of the device is also discussed. The charge dynamics of the device is explained in detail using simulation results from an advanced 2-D circuit and device simulator and the simulated and modeled results are compared with the measured data. In addition, two models of power BJT is proposed based on charge-control techniques. The existing models can simulate the storage time, delay time to a good accuracy. However, the fall time performance is compromised upon. This is because the existing models do not account for the charge decay due to recombination. Macromodeling technique is adopted to model the recombination current which gives a closer match with the measured results.
Infection and immunity in offspring of mice inoculated during gestation with murine poliomyelitis virus.

Summary1. From 100 mice, orally infected with Col.SK virus at various times during the period of gestation, only 18 viable litters were obtained. These litters were equally divided among 25 surviving animals and 75 animals which succumbed to the disease.2. The rate of abortion for mice inoculated during the first half of pregnancy, regardless of their capacity to resist infection, was high, being 72% for surviving animals and 88% for those which died, since two-thirds of the litters found in utero at the time of maternal death gave evidence of having predeceased the mother.3. Fetuses obtained at autopsy consistently contained demonstrable amounts of virus.4. Living young, when delivered at the time of onset of maternal symptoms, had apparently escaped infection, while a majority of stillborn young yielded virus.5. Surviving offspring of susceptible mothers, born during the maternal incubation period, were apparently normal and usually escaped infection.6. Litters of immune mothers, with one exception, wer...
Wages, Profit and Prices

I. Purpose of the article, 26. — Theoretical background of the analysis, 26. — Disregarding any particular link in the chain of cost-price relationships, 29. — II. Basis of the numerical measures of interdependence used, 30. — Setting up the basic equations, 31. — Results of the analysis, 31. — III. The question of fixed technical coefficients, 38.
Sin nombre virus and rodent species diversity: a test of the dilution and amplification hypotheses.

Background Species diversity is proposed to greatly impact the prevalence of pathogens. Two predominant hypotheses, the “Dilution Effect” and the “Amplification Effect”, predict divergent outcomes with respect to the impact of species diversity. The Dilution Effect predicts that pathogen prevalence will be negatively correlated with increased species diversity, while the Amplification Effect predicts that pathogen prevalence will be positively correlated with diversity. For many host-pathogen systems, the relationship between diversity and pathogen prevalence has not be empirically examined. Methodology/Principal Findings We tested the Dilution and Amplification Effect hypotheses by examining the prevalence of Sin Nombre virus (SNV) with respect to diversity of the nocturnal rodent community. SNV is directly transmitted primarily between deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Using mark-recapture sampling in the Spring and Fall of 2003–2005, we measured SNV prevalence in deer mice at 16 landscape level sites (3.1 hectares each) that varied in rodent species diversity. We explored several mechanisms by which species diversity may affect SNV prevalence, including reduced host density, reduced host persistence, the presence of secondary reservoirs and community composition. We found a negative relationship between species diversity and SNV prevalence in deer mice, thereby supporting the Dilution Effect hypothesis. Deer mouse density and persistence were lower at sites with greater species diversity; however, only deer mouse persistence was positively correlated with SNV prevalence. Pinyon mice (P. truei) may serve as dilution agents, having a negative effect on prevalence, while kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ordii), may have a positive effect on the prevalence of SNV, perhaps through effects on deer mouse behavior. Conclusions/Significance While previous studies on host-pathogen systems have found patterns of diversity consistent with either the Dilution or Amplification Effects, the mechanisms by which species diversity influences prevalence have not been investigated. Our study indicates that changes in host persistence, coupled with interspecific interactions, are important mechanisms through which diversity may influence patterns of pathogens. Our results reveal the complexity of rodent community interactions with respect to SNV dynamics.
Parenting Capacity Evaluation in Poland: A Descriptive Analysis

High rates of child maltreatment and neglect by parents continue to be a significant problem worldwide, underscoring the importance of adequate systemic assessment of substantiated cases of parental incapacity. Given the complexity of determining a parent's ability to meet a child's needs, psychological evaluations of the family are being increasingly requested by courts in numerous jurisdictions, despite receiving considerable criticism about a lack of standardized procedures. This descriptive study sought to examine the content of forensic mental health assessments conducted in child protection cases in Poland. Given that there is very little extant research on forensic mental health assessment practices in child welfare cases in general, and virtually no research on such evaluation practices outside of the United States, this study sought to examine such practices in Poland in comparison to existing U.S. forensic mental health assessment guidelines. The content of Polish parenting capacity evaluation r...
Knowledge management: a state of the practice summary

Knowledge management (KM) has evolved from the status of business fad to established business practice. Today leading organizations in business and government worldwide are employing KM principles and techniques to leverage intellectual capital in order to improve effectiveness, efficiency and innovation. Universities have established graduate programs in KM and professional societies have formed to promote education and standards. KM as a distinct management concept is a decade old now, and its status is said to be similar to where systems engineering and project management were in their infancies. While KM is not a mature discipline it is possible to identify key practice trends and lessons learned. This paper summarizes the state of KM with particular focus on KM in the federal government.
Test Results of LARP 3.6 m ${\rm Nb}_{3}{\rm Sn}$ Racetrack Coils Supported by Full-Length and Segmented Shell Structures

As part of the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) to build a high performance quadrupole magnet with Nb3Sn conductor, a pair of 3.6 m-long Nb3Sn racetrack coils has been made at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and installed in two shell-type support structures built by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL). These magnet assemblies have been tested at 4.5 K at BNL to gauge the effect of extended length and prestress on the mechanical performance of the long structure compared to earlier short models. This paper presents the results of quench testing and compares the overall performance of the two versions of the support structure. We also summarize the shell strain measurements and discuss the variation of quench current with ramp rate.
Sferic Clusters Associated with Early/Fast VLF Events

Characteristic subionospheric signal perturba- tionsreferredtoas'early/fast' VLFeventsarefoundtocon- sistently be associated with the simultaneous occurrence of unusual clusters of radio atmospherics as observed in wide- band VLF data. A burst of sferic activity occurs at or be- fore theonset of theearly/fast eventsandlasts from several hundredmilliseconds to several seconds. The cluster energy attenuateswithdistancemore rapidly thancloud-to-ground (CG) lightning, suggesting that these clusters may be pro- duced by intracloud (IC) lightning, and that the charge movement within the cloud may thus play a role in the causative mechanism of early/fast VLF events. As a result, only the peak of the associated sferic energy which exceeded the transmitter signal level was detectable. In this paper, we report broadband VLF measurements of sferics associated with early/fast VLF events, carried out withinseveralhundredkilometersofthecausativelightning. Within this range, several hundred millisecond clusters of sferics are consistently observed to accompany event on- sets. Thesfericclustersarefoundtoattenuatewithdistance more rapidly than discrete sferics often associated with CG flashes, indicating that they are likely to be produced by quasi-horizontal (intracloud) current sources. Our results are consistent with the one previously reported broadband case ofearly/fast eventassociated sferics located nearbythe source lightning discharges, in which case clusters remark- ably similar to those reported here were observed during event onsets (Rodriguez et al.,1992).
A case of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome caused by synthetic cannabinoids.

Abstract Background Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) was initially described in 2004 and remains an under-recognized clinical entity that occurs in chronic heavy marijuana smokers. Case Report We describe the first report of CHS in an abuser of synthetic cannabinoids. CHS is thought to be caused by over-stimulation of the cannabinoid 1 receptor. The synthetic cannabinoids found in K2, Spice, and other commonly abused designer cannabinoids, including those used by our patient (JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-122, AM-2201, and AM-694), are potent agonists of the cannabinoid 1 receptor. Conclusion Our report suggests that frequent habitual smoking of synthetic cannabinoids can cause cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.
Prey detection by vomeronasal chemoreception in a plethodontid salamander.

While chemoreception is involved in a wide variety of salamander behaviors, the chemosensory system that mediates specific behaviors is rarely known. We investigated the role of the vomeronasal system (VNS) in foraging behavior of the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) by manipulating salamanders' abilities to detect nonvolatile chemical cues emitted by potential prey. Subjects received one of three treatments: (1) impaired vomeronasal system, (2) sham manipulation, and (3) no manipulation. The role of the VNS in mediating foraging on motile prey (Drosophila melanogaster) was investigated under three light conditions (bright, dim, dark). Salamanders with impaired VNSs foraged less efficiently than either of the other experimental groups by displaying the longest latency to attack and the lowest rate of prey capture, especially in the absence of visual cues. A second experiment utilized freshly killed prey to determine whether the VNS takes on added importance in the absence of visual or tactile cues associated with moving prey. Animals with impaired VNSs showed a decreased foraging efficiency on stationary prey under both dark and light conditions. In addition, a mark–recapture study of VNS-impaired and sham salamanders in the field also indicated that salamanders with impaired VNSs consumed fewer stationary prey compared to shams. The study indicates that the VNS plays a substantial role in the foraging behavior of the plethodontid salamander, P. cinereus.
Validated UHPLC–MS-MS Method for Rapid Analysis of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin in Equine Plasma for Doping Control

A method involving ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated for the analysis of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in equine plasma. The analytes were recovered from plasma by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl tert-butyl ether and separated on a sub-2 micron column. The mobile phase was composed of 2 mM ammonium formate and methanol. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used to detect the analytes in positive electrospray ionization mode with selected reaction monitoring. The limits of detection, quantification and confirmation for both analytes were 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5 pg/mL, respectively. The linear dynamic range of quantification was 1.0-1,000 pg/mL. During storage, both analytes in equine plasma were unstable at room temperature but stable at -20 and -70°C. The retention time and product ion ratios were employed as the criteria for confirmation of the presence of the analytes in plasma. The total analysis time was 2 min. The method is fast, selectively sensitive, reproducible, reliable and fully validated.
Inerolysin, a Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysin Produced by Lactobacillus iners

Lactobacillus iners is a common constituent of the human vaginal microbiota. This species was only recently characterized due to its fastidious growth requirements and has been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. Here we present the identification and molecular characterization of a protein toxin produced by L. iners. The L. iners genome encodes an open reading frame with significant primary sequence similarity to intermedilysin (ILY; 69.2% similarity) and vaginolysin (VLY; 68.4% similarity), the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins from Streptococcus intermedius and Gardnerella vaginalis, respectively. Clinical isolates of L. iners produce this protein, inerolysin (INY), during growth in vitro, as assessed by Western analysis. INY is a pore-forming toxin that is activated by reducing agents and inhibited by excess cholesterol. It is active across a pH range of 4.5 to 6.0 but is inactive at pH 7.4. At sublytic concentrations, INY activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and allows entry of fluorescent phalloidin into the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Unlike VLY and ILY, which are human specific, INY is active against cells from a broad range of species. INY represents a new target for studies directed at understanding the role of L. iners in states of health and disease at the vaginal mucosal surface.
The ITC as an attractive patent litigation forum for the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry.

Osha Liang LLP, 909 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77010, USA *Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 713 228 8600 Fax: +1 713 228 8778 E-mail: burton@oshaliang.com The US International Trade Commission (ITC) is increasingly being used as a forum for patent litigation. Despite the rise in ITC filings, the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries have not taken significant advantage of the unique benefits the ITC offers.
Mechanistic relationships between DNA adducts, oncogene mutations, and lung tumorigenesis in strain A mice.

This paper describes a series of studies on the lung tumorigenic activities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in strain A/J mice, their ability to form PAH-DNA adducts in lung tissues, and their ability to mutate the Ki-ras oncogene in PAH-induced tumors. Seven PAHs were studied: cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP), benzo[a]pyrene (B [a]P), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), dibenz[a,h] anthracene (DBA), 5-methylchrysene (5MC), benz[j]aceanthrylene (B[j]A), and dibenzo[a,1]pyrene (DB[a,1]P). The dose-response data for the PAHs revealed 100-fold differences in tumor potency based on dose, with the order of activity DB[a,1]P, DBA > B[j]A > 5MC > CPP > B[a]P > B[b]F. Large differences in tumor multiplicity were also observed between the PAHs. DNA adducts were measured by 32P-postlabeling techniques on DNA from lungs of mice treated with these PAH's. DB[a,l]P gave syn- and anti-fjord-region diol-epoxide adducts of dAdo and dGuo; DBA gave both bay-region diol-epoxide-dGuo and bisdihydrodiol-epoxide adducts; CPP gav...
Incorporating low‐cycle fatigue model into duration‐dependent inelastic design spectra

Seismic performance of structures is related to the damage inflicted on the structure by the earthquake, which means that formulation of performance-based design is inherently coupled with damage assessment of the structure. Although the potential for cumulative damage during a long-duration earthquake is generally recognized, most design codes do not explicitly take into account the damage potential of such events. In this paper, the classical low-cycle fatigue model commonly used for seismic damage assessment is cast in a framework suitable for incorporating cumulative damage into seismic design. The model, in conjunction with a seismic input energy spectrum, may be used to establish an energy-based seismic design. In order to ensure satisfactory performance in a structure, the cyclic plastic strain energy capacity of the structure is designed to be larger than or equal to the portion of seismic input energy contributing to cumulative damage. The resulting design spectrum, which depends on the duration of the ground motion, indicates that the lateral strength of the structure must be increased in order to compensate for the increased damage due to an increased number of inelastic cycles that occur in a long-duration ground motion. Examples of duration-dependent inelastic design spectra are developed using parameters currently available for the low-cycle fatigue model. The resulting spectra are also compared with spectra developed using a different cumulative damage model. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sampling Native Bees in Proximity to a Highly Competitive Food Resource (Hymenoptera: Apiformes)

Abstract The efficacy of sweeping and vacuuming as methods of sampling native bees were compared to those of passive blue and yellow translucent-vane traps located adjacent to a highly attractive forage source, Helianthus spp. (Asteraceae). A total of 35 species of native bees belonging to 12 genera were caught during September, 94% in the passive blue-vane traps, 63% by sweeping, and 54% by vacuuming and yellow-vane traps. Overall, 55.7 % of all the native bees trapped in the study across the four treatments were collected in the blue vane traps. There were almost double the number of species, and over five times more individuals in blue vane traps than in the yellow. Agapostemon virescens (Fabr.) was the predominant species collected across all methods (400 of 1208). The majority of females (> 99%) captured in the blue vane traps lacked pollen suggesting that the bees may have been diverted by the reflected light from the trap during their flight to the floral sources rather than on their return flight ...
Beating the odds in Uganda.

Mable was 24 years old when I first met her 5 years ago. A petite young woman, with dark brown skin, her hair tightly braided, she did not look well. She had a chronically ill appearance to her, her thinness disguised by edema. Edema was pretty ubiquitous on the Nephrology Ward at Mulago Hospital. Mable was lying in bed on the thin hospital-issued mattress, head propped up by a few pillows, her body covered by a nice, heavy, gently used blanket. Mable smiled nervously as I approached her bedside with my team and greeted us quietly, tenderly, in perfect Ugandan-accented English. The cavernous ward to which Mable was admitted is shared with the pulmonology and cardiology services. Men in one room, women in the other, and between them a hall that fills with the more acutely ill; a large oxygen tank stands in the center of a network of beds, sending tubing outward in all directions, each tube ending in a cannula, adorning a patient in need. Suffering partially alleviated by shared oxygen in a shared space. Mable was in the back corner of the women’s ward, next to the windows that are always open, letting in fresh air and the constant din of the city below. The rains were still around and, usually once a day, the urban sounds were overtaken by the ruckus of rain pelting at the windows, cleaning off the red Ugandan dirt, and splattering those, like Mable, who lie beneath. Why Mable’s kidneys failed is unknown. She was last well many months ago, although whatever was progressing inside her likely started years before, manifesting recently, around the time she graduated Uganda’s top university. Since then, she gradually became more fatigued, frail, and less able to lead her normal life. Many of the patients around her were in similar straits, presenting in the late stages of kidney disease—far later than most patients come to medical attention in developed countries. They are frequently oliguric, hyperkalemic, acidotic, and anemic at presentation. Fluid accumulates in the face, legs, peritoneal cavity and, ultimately the lungs. I was quickly becoming very familiar with uremic
Anwenderbericht — Industrie: Multinationales Corporate Network von Ford Europe

Der Zeit weit vorausblickend, nahm Henry Ford II bereits sehr fruh die europaische Idee auf und grundete - um fur die Heraus- forderungen der Zukunft besser gewappnet zu sein - 1967 Ford Europa.
Corrections to “GPU-Accelerated Parallel Sparse LU Factorization Method for Fast Circuit Analysis”

In [1] , Fig. 5 has an error (see the old Fig. 5). The new Fig. 5 is shown here. The following is the detailed explanation for the correction.
Bourdieu and African Americans’ Park Visitation: The Case of Cedar Hill State Park in Texas

ABSTRACTThis study used Pierre Bourdieu's theory of practice to understand African Americans’ underrepresentation at Cedar Hill State Park (CHSP) in Texas. Archival methods, site visits, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 13 local African Americans. Four salient themes related to African Americans’ under-representation were identified: (1) racial conflict within the field, (2) CHSP as a racialized space, (3) African American leisure habitus, and (4) lack of relevant attractions. These themes were closely related and together showed that perceived racial discrimination was a common factor which explained nonvisitation at CHSP.
A comparison theorem for the first nodal line of the solutions of quasilinear hyperbolic equations with non-increasing initial values

The oscillatory behaviour of quasilinear hyperbolic equations of the form is studied using a Sturmian-type comparison theorem. We assume that for some function ψ′( x )≦0 and ψ′( x ≦0.) The existence of the first nodal line of u is then inferred from the existence of that of the solution ν of with .Some results of Pagan are improved using this approach and a problem posed by him is also studied.
Terminating Gubernatorial Investigatory Commissions

This paper reviews the controversies in New York State that have involved the times when commissions appointed to investigate corruption have been terminated.
Two Cases of Paradoxical Hidradenitis Suppurativa while on Adalimumab.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurring abscesses, nodules, and fistulas predominantly in the groin and axillae. The association between HS and Crohn’s disease (CD) has been well documented. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have shown to be effective in treating both HS and CD. We report 2 patients who developed HS while on TNF inhibitor treatment for CD.
Monitoring results of immunization successful rate of measles and rubella combined vaccine in Daxingin District of Beijing City in 2011

[Objective] To know the immunization effect of measles and rubella combined vaccine on 8-month-old infants in Daxingin District of Beijing City in 2011,,and provide a basis for immunization strategy.[Methods]The serum samples of 8-month-old infants were collected before and 1 month after immunization of measles and rubella combined vaccine,then the IgG antibody of measles and rubella were detected.[Results] After immunization,the positive rate of measles antibody was 100%,and GMT reached 1∶1385.52;33 cases were rubella IgG positive with the positive rate of 82.5%,and GMT reached 1∶31.18.[Conclusion]The immunogenicity of measles ingredient in current measles and rubella combined vaccine is good in this district,but the effect of rubella ingredient is not so good.Therefore,revaccination is necessary.
Survey and analysis on patient-oriented service system of AIDS prevention and treatment

Objective To explore the status of health care service utilization on HIV infections / patients about:antidiscrimination,medical treatment,rescue and other aspects in Huanggang City.Methods All the HIV infections and patients were surveyed using a special questionnaire from June to July in 2013.Results Blood-borne route was the major infection way,accounting for 63.91%;the majority sample source was from medical testing organizations,accounting for74.17%.Route of infection was an important factor affecting the infection between spouses(P = 0.00).Household income was an important factor of discrimination(P = 0.00).Knowledge about AIDS and condom-use were of no significant difference(P = 0.58,P = 0.16).70.49% were satisfied with the overall evaluation of counseling and testing.99.66%expressed satisfaction with the antiviral therapy of CDC.93.81% were satisfied with the way for the reimbursement of medical expenses.86.97% were satisfied with the government care.Conclusions The comprehensive AIDS service system of Huanggang City basically meets the needs of the patients in anti-discrimination,counseling and testing,medical treatment,care and assistance,and achieved remarkable results.However,with the change of the mode and scale of disease transmission,the present prevention model needs further adjustment and improvement.
1995 Epizootic of Vesicular Stomatitis (New Jersey Serotype) in the Western United States: an Entomologic Perspective

Entomologic and epizootic data are reviewed concerning the potential for transmission of vesicular stomatitis (VS) virus by insects, including field data from case-positive premises in New Mexico and Colorado during the 1995 outbreak of the New Jersey serotype (VSNJ). As with previous outbreaks of VSNJ in the western United States, the 1995 epizootic illustrated that risk of exposure is seasonal, increasing during warm weather and decreasing with onset of cool weather; virus activity spread from south to north along river valleys of the southwestern and Rocky Mountain states; clinical disease was detected most commonly in horses, but also occurred in cattle and 1 llama; and most infections were subclinical. Overall, 367 case-positive premises were identified during the 1995 outbreak, with foci of virus activity along the Rio Grande River south of Albuquerque, NM, in southwestern Colorado, and along the Colorado River near Grand Junction, CO. The establishment of a 16-km (10-mile) radius zone of restricted animal movement around confirmed positive premises, along with imposition of state and international embargoes, created economic hardship for livestock owners and producers. The importance of defining the role of blood-feeding insects as biological vectors of VSNJ virus relative to risk factors that promote high levels of insect transmission, such as the presence of livestock along western river valleys, blood feeding activity, and frequent transport of animals for recreational purposes, is emphasized as a basis for developing effective disease management.
Humanizing Modernism?: Jaap Bakema's Het Dorp, a Village for Disabled Citizens

In 1962, Open Het Dorp (Open the Village), the first telethon ever to air in the Netherlands, enlisted the Dutch people in building a village for people with disabilities. Designed by Jaap Bakema, Het Dorp featured a program for atypical users and unusual terrain at its site that provided an ideal opportunity for exploring the local, humanized, and democratic architecture espoused by Team 10. Wanda Katja Liebermann argues that Het Dorp embodied the Dutch welfare state9s expansion in a design based on Team 109s architectural principles. Despite many innovations, however, its design reveals the incompleteness of postwar architectural modernism and its limits in recognizing and planning for human diversity. Analyzing Het Dorp9s form as well as its representations, Humanizing Modernism? Jaap Bakema9s Het Dorp, a Village for Disabled Citizens critiques postwar architecture9s aspiration to design for “human associations” instead of universal and standard formulas.
Peginterferon alpha-2a improved the hepatitis C virologic response in concurrent HIV and chronic hepatitis C virus infections.

Source Citation Chung RT, Andersen J, Volberding P, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin versus interferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-coinfected persons. N Engl J ...
Domestic violence among Belizean Maya

L'A. evoque quelques aspects de la violence domestique envers les femmes mayas du Belize. Apres une introduction sur la violence domestique et la representation de l'Autre et sur les limites de la recherche pour la comprehension de la violence domestique a travers le temps et les cultures, elle examine les consequences de la modernisation sur le statut des femmes mayas. Elle decrit ensuite, a travers une demarche d'ethnographie narrative, les moyens traditionnels qui permettent aux femmes de se proteger ou d'eviter la violence des hommes, les nouvelles manieres qui leurs permettent d'eviter le mariage, ainsi que les conceptions traditionnelles sur la legitimite de la violence dans la relation conjugale.
TCT-406 The Predictors of Instent Restenosis Again After Drug Eluting Balloon

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting balloons (DEB) has emerged as an adjunctive treatment for instent restenosis lesion. When compared to drug-eluting stents (DES), DEBs offer advantages such as immediate and homogeneous drug release in the arterial wall, absence of polymers
Magnetic orientation in C. elegans relies on the integrity of the villi of the AFD magnetosensory neurons

The magnetic field of the earth provides many organisms with sufficient information to successfully navigate through their environments. While evidence suggests the widespread use of this sensory modality across many taxa, it remains an understudied sensory modality. We have recently showed that the nematode C. elegans orients to earth-strength magnetic fields using the first pair of described magnetosensory neurons, AFDs. The AFD cells are a pair of ciliated sensory neurons crowned by fifty villi known to be implicated in temperature sensation. We investigated the potential importance of these subcellular structures for the performance of magnetic orientation. We show that ciliary integrity and villi number are essential for magnetic orientation. Mutants with impairments AFD cilia or villi structure failed to orient to magnetic fields. Similarly, C. elegans larvae possessing immature AFD neurons with fewer villi were also unable to orient to magnetic fields. Larvae of every stage however retained the ability to orient to thermal gradients. To our knowledge, this is the first behavioral separation of magnetic and thermal orientation in C. elegans. We conclude that magnetic orientation relies on the function of both cilia and villi in the AFD neurons. The role of villi in multiple sensory transduction pathways involved in the sensory transduction of vectorial stimuli further supports the likely role of the villi of the AFD neurons as the site for magnetic field transduction. The genetic and behavioral tractability of C. elegans make it a promising system for uncovering potentially conserved molecular mechanisms by which animals across taxa detect and orient to magnetic fields.
Fishy behavior: A field experiment on (dis)honesty in the marketplace

Abstract We conduct a natural field experiment in fish markets where sellers frequently cheat on weight and face negligible economic penalty. Exploiting exogenous variations in fish prices, an indicator of marginal economic benefit from cheating, we examine how dishonest behavior varies with rising economic benefit from cheating. We find that most sellers cheat but that cheating almost never exceeds ten percent of purchased quantity, and that the value of cheating is small. The data reveal a non-monotonic relationship wherein cheating initially increases and thereafter decreases in the fish price.
Antibody-Mediated Rejection

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) of the cardiac allograft, formerly also termed vascular or humoral rejection, typically occurs in the absence of interstitial lymphocytic infiltrates that are characteristic of acute cellular rejection. Its pathological hallmarks include capillary endothelial activation and macrophage infiltration, as well as vascular immunofluorescent deposition of immunoglobulin and complement. Clinically, AMR occurs early post heart transplant and tends to recur, is harder to treat, and is associated with poor outcomes [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6].
Scope of Telepsychiatry in Clinical Settings

While mental health disorders have high prevalence rates with chronic disability burden and enormous societal implications, there continues to be a dearth of specialized mental health service providers. A growing body of literature shows that telepsychiatry has the potential to improve access to care as well as train the future workforce in child and adolescent, forensics, geriatrics, and other subspecialties. In geriatrics, this is very timely given the increase in the aging population, prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease, and dearth of geriatric psychiatry providers. Moreover, health care services often tend to be concentrated in urban areas, worsening the rural–urban divide. Strengthening and expanding the existing human capital with specialized training, infrastructure, and integrating mental health into primary care could offer solutions for care in the elderly using telepsychiatry as an innovative healthcare tool. While there have been several telepsychiatry studies across a wide age and diagnostic range, there is paucity of literature in the geriatric age group. Telepsychiatry in the elderly based on the existing evidence in psychiatry can be applied effectively and safely in this population across a variety of clinical and educational settings.
On the Origins of Phonology

Why do humans drink and drive but fail to rdink and rdive? Here, I suggest that these regularities could reflect abstract phonological principles that are active in the minds and brains of all spea...
Multiscale network modeling of oligodendrocytes reveals molecular components of myelin dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin are critical for normal brain function and have been implicated in neurodegeneration. Several lines of evidence including neuroimaging and neuropathological data suggest that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be associated with dysmyelination and a breakdown of OL-axon communication. In order to understand this phenomenon on a molecular level, we systematically interrogated OL-enriched gene networks constructed from large-scale genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic data obtained from human AD postmortem brain samples. We then validated these networks using gene expression datasets generated from mice with ablation of major gene expression nodes identified in our AD-dysregulated networks. The robust OL gene coexpression networks that we identified were highly enriched for genes associated with AD risk variants, such as BIN1 and demonstrated strong dysregulation in AD. We further corroborated the structure of the corresponding gene causal networks using datasets generated from the brain of mice with ablation of key network drivers, such as UGT8, CNP and PLP1, which were identified from human AD brain data. Further, we found that mice with genetic ablations of Cnp mimicked aspects of myelin and mitochondrial gene expression dysregulation seen in brain samples from patients with AD, including decreased protein expression of BIN1 and GOT2. This study provides a molecular blueprint of the dysregulation of gene expression networks of OL in AD and identifies key OL- and myelination-related genes and networks that are highly associated with AD.
No Hoof, No Horse: Hoof Care, Veterinary Manuals, and Cross-Species Communication in Late Medieval England

Reading fifteenth-century equine veterinary manuals next to late medieval vernacular poetry, McGregor argues that veterinary attention to the hoof—to its development, structure, ailments, cures, and capacity to suffer pain—provided an instrument by which late medieval culture voiced its recognition of the horse as physical intimate in an often frightening and lonely era. Though one cultural orientation perceived the horse as utilitarian, as a beast of physical and figurative work, a second, evinced powerfully in veterinary manuals, perceived the horse as undeniably of its own “kynde,” behaving according to species-specific rules that had little to do with human concerns or mores. In this very condition of alterity, the horse becomes a cogent locus of identification and empathy, a potential companion in sensation.
Impact of the presence of Mo carbide species prepared ex situ in Mo/HZSM-5 on the catalytic properties in methane aromatization

Abstract The catalytic activity of HZSM-5 supported Mo-oxide (MoOx) and Mo-carbide (MoCy) for methane aromatization was studied using a packed-bed microreactor. MoOx/HZSM-5 catalysts with 3, 6, 10, and 12 wt.% Mo loading were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method followed by calcination at 500 °C. The MoCy/HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared ex situ by treating the oxide catalysts by temperature-programmed reduction and carburization. The MoCy/HZSM-5 catalysts show significantly higher activities and stability compared to those of the MoOx/HZSM-5 catalysts. Unlike the oxide catalysts, not only methane conversion and benzene yield improve with higher Mo loading but also the deactivation rate becomes much slower for the carbide catalysts. The optimum carbide catalyst has a Mo loading of 10 wt% The catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, TPR, NH3-TPD, TPO,TGA and 27Al-NMR. The results show that the oxide catalysts at a high loading face pore blockage after few hours of reaction, which makes the active sites inaccessible to CH4. Carbide catalysts, on the other hand face no pore blockage even after a long period of reaction, making them much better catalysts than the oxides for nonoxidative methane aromatization reaction.
Depth and flow from motion energy

This paper presents a model of motion perception that utilizes the output of motion-sensitive spatiotemporal filters. The power spectrum of a moving texture occupies a tilted plane in the spatiotemporal-frequency domain. The model uses 3-D (space-time) Gabor filters to sample this power spectrum. By combining the outputs of several such filters, the model estimates the velocity of the moving texture — without first computing component (or normal) velocity. A parallel implementation of the model encodes velocity as the peak in a distribution of velocity-sensitive units. For a fixed 3-D rigid-body motion, depth values parameterize a line through image-velocity space. The model estimates depth by finding the peak in the distribution of velocity-sensitive units lying along this line. In this way, depth and velocity are simultaneously extracted.
A Potential Biomarker for Predicting the Risk of Radiation-Induced Fibrosis in the Lung

Biomarkers could play an essential role during triage in the aftermath of a radiological event, where exposure to radiation will be heterogeneous and complicated by concurrent trauma. Used alongside biodosimetry, biomarkers can identify victims in need of treatment for acute radiation effects, and might also provide valuable information on later developing consequences that need to be addressed as part of a treatment strategy. Indeed, because the lung is particularly sensitive to radiation and resultant late effects not only affect quality of life, but can also lead to morbidity, the risk of developing downstream pulmonary complications in exposed individuals requires assessment. In this study, analyses of changes in pulmonary and circulating content of club cell secretory protein (CCSP) and surfactant protein D (SP-D), expressed by epithelial club cells and type II pneumocytes in the lung, respectively, were used to evaluate pulmonary epithelial damage in several lung injury models. Using a combined radi...
The X-Pulley Technique for Subpectoral Long Head of the Biceps Tenodesis Using All-Suture Anchors

Subpectoral long head of the biceps tenodesis is gaining popularity as a technique for treating patients with various pathologies of the tendon or its anchor to the superior labrum. It has the added advantage of addressing bicipital groove pathologies. Various techniques for performing it have been described, but none is without problems. We present a modification of the previously described techniques that involves 2 all-suture anchors and offers the added advantage of a reduced risk of fracture without sacrificing the biomechanical strength of the construct. We also believe that it may potentiate healing by providing an adequate surface contact area between the tendon and bone with a minimal risk of damage to the tendon and neurovascular structures.
Working out the bugs: microbial modulation of athletic performance.

A multi-faceted translational study provides the first evidence that gut microbial conversion of lactate to propionate may enhance athletic performance during high-intensity endurance exercise.