cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Leaf trichomes influence predatory mite densities through dispersal behavior

Habitat complexity can mediate interactions among predators and herbivores and influences arthropod population density and community structure. The abundance of many predatory mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is positively associated with abundance of non-glandular trichomes. We hypothesized that (1) increasing the complexity (trichome density mimicked with cotton fiber patches) of the habitat that predatory mites encounter on leaves would reduce adult dispersal from plants, and (2) increasing habitat complexity would reduce the time that mites spend walking. Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten retention on plants increased linearly in the presence of trichome mimics; mites placed on plants lacking leaf trichomes showed a behavioral response that led to active dispersal. Phytoseiid retention increased with both fiber patch size and fiber density within patches. Moving fiber patches from the underside of the leaf to the upper leaf surface did not change phytoseiid retention but did alter egg distribution, suggesting trichomes do not exclusively influence phytoseiid behavior. Phytoseiid activity level as measured by the amount of time spent walking did not decrease with the addition of fibers. Overall, increasing habitat complexity in the form of non-glandular trichomes strongly reduced T. pyri dispersal behavior; the predatory mites showed a consistent preference for complex trichome-rich habitat that was manifest both rapidly and in absence of predators. Hence, the frequently observed pattern of population-level accumulation of phytoseiids on trichome-rich plants appears to be driven by a behavioral response to the presence and abundance of non-glandular trichomes on the leaf surface manifested in the level of dispersal and/or retention. The primary implication of phytoseiid-habitat interactions for biocontrol programs is that where plants have no trichomes, T. pyri will not establish. Whether this behavioral response pattern is a general response of phytoseiids to leaf trichomes or varies with species is a question that remains unanswered.
Wisdom and Psychosocial Functioning in Later Life.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the connection between wisdom-related performance, personality, and generativity to further the understanding of how they are interrelated. METHOD: Our sample consisted of 163 men and women participants between 68-77 years of age, mostly white, and predominantly middle class. Wisdom was assessed with the performance-based Berlin Wisdom Paradigm with the remaining measures being mostly self-report. RESULTS: As hypothesized, on the zero-order level, wisdom-related performance (WRP) was positively associated with (i) growth, a personality component indexed by openness to experience, psychological mindedness, and a sense of well-being derived from growth, purpose in life, and autonomy; (ii) adjustment, a personality component associated with life satisfaction, high levels of agreeableness and conscientiousness, low neuroticism, a sense of well-being derived from positive relations with others, self-acceptance, and environmental mastery; and (iii) a generative concern for the welfare of others. Latent path analysis indicated that the bivariate associations between adjustment and wisdom and between generativity and wisdom were mediated by growth. CONCLUSIONS: Wise individuals are characterized by their ability to balance different personal strengths and interests, an integration that occurs, however, within the context of a dominant personality style marked by the pursuit of maturity through personal growth. Language: en
Crack Dynamics and Grain Size

Two aspects of fast cracks are considered: 1. the terminal velocity, and corresponding relative kinetic energy; 2. the grain size dependence of the fracture. It is argued that this is determined by the kinetic energies of cracks when they have expanded enough to reach the boundaries of the grains in which they lie. This is more consistent with the observed facts than the more usual quasi-static models. By considering the limiting conditions at the very tip of a moving crack, many complications are avoided in calculating the terminal velocity. The maximum transverse acceleration of material is limited by the maximum stress (cohesive) that can be applied. The resulting terminal velocity is: 0.4 v s , where v s is the longitudinal sound speed; compared with measured values which average about: 0.31 v s . In polycrystals, microcracks are found when the applied stress exceeds the yield stress. However, the microcracks do not propagate in fine-grained specimens because they do not have enough kinetic energy to cross a typical grain boundary. This leads to the observed dependence of the fracture stress on the grain size.
Don’t Confuse Brains with a Bull Market: Attribution Bias, Overconfidence, and Trading Behavior of Individual Investors

By comparing the trading behavior of individual investors in different market conditions, this paper tests the theory that attribution bias - inflated confidence in one’s own skill - creates overconfident traders. In a bull market, investors incorrectly attribute trading successes (luck) to their own abilities and therefore should be more overconfident than they are in a normal or a bear market. Consistent with this argument, we find that in a bull market investors exhibit more overconfidence indicated by the extent of excessive trading. This finding cannot be explained by alternative explanations such as disposition effect and the tendency to gamble.
Undetected Pectoralis Major Tendon Rupture in a Patient Referred to a Physical Therapist in a Combat Environment: A Case Report

Case Description. A 29-year-old man, currently serving as an active duty soldier in the US Army in Iraq, had a sudden onset of right shoulder pain during the concentric portion of a bench press. He was seen by a physician immediately after the injury, diagnosed with a shoulder strain, and referred to a physical therapist for a sling and exercise instruction. On the basis of the history and physical examination findings, which were consistent with a pectoralis major tendon rupture, the physical therapist placed a consult to an orthopedic surgeon in the United States through teleconsultation because orthopedic surgeons were not easily accessible in Iraq for nonemergency musculoskeletal referrals. Subsequently, the orthopedic surgeon advised evacuating the patient out of Iraq for surgical treatment. Outcomes. By means of magnetic resonance imaging, the patient was diagnosed as having a rupture of the pectoralis major tendon at the musculotendinous junction near its insertion into the greater tubercle of the humerus that required surgical repair. At 3 months after surgery, the patient had full pain-free shoulder active range of motion and had progressed well through his strengthening program in a manner that allowed return to full duty. At 6 months after surgery, the patient maintained full duty status, was performing a routine of strength training 3 times per week, and had met all of his rehabilitation and personal goals. Discussion. Successful treatment of this patient depended on analysis of the history and physical examination findings by the physical therapist to form an accurate diagnosis. In addition, timely medical evacuation and referral to an orthopedic surgeon for surgical treatment were coordinated in a combat environment. Completion of a progressive rehabilitation program after pectoralis major tendon repair also contributed to this patient’s full recovery and return to duty. Had the physical therapist only followed the initial referral request, given this patient’s military duties and sports and recreational activities, this case probably would have resulted in suboptimal outcomes.
A sigma(54) activator protein necessary for spore differentiation within the fruiting body of Myxococcus xanthus.

Insertion of an internal DNA fragment into the act1 gene, which encodes one of several ς54-activator proteins in Myxococcus xanthus, produced a mutant defective in fruiting body development. While fruiting-body aggregation appears normal in the mutant, it fails to sporulate (<10−6 the wild-type number of viable spores). The A and C intercellular signals, which are required for sporulation, are produced by the mutant. But, while it produces A-factor at levels as high as that of the wild type, the mutant produces much less C-signal than normal, as measured either by C-factor bioassay or by the total amount of C-factor protein detected with specific antibody. Expression of three C-factor-dependent reporters is altered in the mutant: the level of expression of Ω4414 is about 15% of normal, and Ω4459 and Ω4403 have alterations in their time course. Finally, the methylation of FrzCD protein is below normal in the mutant. It is proposed that Act1 protein responds to C-signal reception by increasing the expression of the csgA gene. This C-signal-dependent increase constitutes a positive feedback in the wild type. The act1 mutant, unable to raise the level of csgA expression, carries out only those developmental steps for which a low level of C-signaling is adequate.
Temperature Dependence of Exchange Bias and Coercivity in (Ga,Mn)As–MnO Bilayer Structures

In this paper, we report a systematic study on the temperature dependences of the exchange bias (EB) field HEB and coercivity HC in (Ga,Mn)As-MnO bilayers via magnetotransport measurements. Structures of (Ga,Mn)As-Mn were grown by molecular beam epitaxy, and then oxidized to obtain a top layer of MnO. Different methods were used to oxidize the Mn, and their effects on the behavior of HEB and HC were studied. It is a striking result that, once the structure is field-cooled from room temperature to 4.2 K, HEB retains its value even after warming the structure to 130 K, indicating that the exchange coupling sustains the ordering in MnO above the Neacuteel temperature TN (110 K) of bare MnO
The efficacy of pharmacokinetic monitoring and dose modification of etanidazole on the incidence of neurotoxicity: results from a phase II trial of etanidazole and radiation therapy in locally advanced prostate cancer.

Abstract Fifty-four patients have been entered on a Phase II trial to study the efficacy of etanidazole (ETA) for locally advanced prostate cancer. The primary goal was to study the incidence of and time to a complete response for patients receiving ETA and radiation therapy. The secondary goal was to prospectively evaluate the utility of pharmacokinetic monitoring and dose-modification on the incidence and severity of the dose-limiting peripheral neurotoxicity. Within a constant radiation therapy regimen, the dose of ETA was either (a) unmodified (2 g/m 2 , 3 times weekly for 17 doses); (b) altered by a schedule modification of either number of doses or dose adjustment; or (c) individualization of single dose size so that the total number of doses (19 doses) were maintained but the single dose size was adjusted to keep the total AUC of plasma concentration versus time to
Two nonoverlapping domains on the Norwalk virus open reading frame 3 (ORF3) protein are involved in the formation of the phosphorylated 35K protein and in ORF3-capsid protein interactions.

Expression of the Norwalk virus open reading frame 3 (ORF3) in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells yields two major forms, the predicted 23,000-molecular-weight (23K) form and a larger 35K form. The 23K form is able to interact with the ORF2 capsid protein and be incorporated into virus-like particles. In this paper, we provide mass spectrometry evidence that both the 23K and 35K forms are composed only of the ORF3 protein. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphatase treatment showed that the 35K form results solely from phosphorylation and that the 35K band is composed of several different phosphorylated forms with distinct isoelectric points. Furthermore, we analyzed deletion and point mutants of the ORF3 protein. Mutants that lacked the C-terminal 33 amino acids (ORF31-179, ORF31-152, and ORF31-107) no longer produced the 35K form. An N-terminal truncation mutant (ORF351-212) and a site-directed mutant (ORF3T201V) were capable of producing the larger form, which was converted to the smaller form by treatment with protein phosphatase. These data suggest that the region between amino acids 180 and 212 is phosphorylated, and mass spectrometry showed that amino acids Arg196 to Arg211 are not phosphorylated; thus, phosphorylation of the serine-threonine-rich region from Thr181 to Ser193 must be involved in the generation of the 35K form. Studies of the interaction between the ORF2 protein and full-length and mutated ORF3 proteins showed that the full-length ORF3 protein (ORF3FL), ORF31-179, ORF31-152, and ORF351-212 interacted with the ORF2 protein, while an ORF31-107 protein did not. These results indicate that the region of the ORF3 protein between amino acids 108 and 152 is responsible for interaction with the ORF2 protein.
The Italian mental health reform nine years on.

— It is 9 years since the mental health reform was passed by the Italian Parliment. The author presents a data-based evaluation of the effects of the Italian mental health reform. There are still many problems to be resolved: More than 30,000 inpatints are still in psychiatric hospitals and little is known of the fate of those discharged in recent years. District mental health services are still lacking, especially in the south of the country; Psychiatric units in the general hospital function much the same way as the “old” psychiatric hospitals. The pattern of mental health services consumers have changed: They are younger with less severe psychiatric diagnosis and come from a higher social background.
High Conductivity Gate Metallurgy for TFT/LCD's

Amorphous silicon based thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT/LCD) have become the dominant technology used for flat panel displays for notebook computers. The need for higher resolution, larger diagonal displays for both notebook and desktop applications is discussed. Calculations have shown that the use of high conductivity gate metal such as aluminum or copper, together with the implementation of improved groundrules, can significantly extend today’s technology. Aluminum suffers from problems with hillock formation during PECVD processing, and copper typically has poor adhesion to glass, reaction problems with silicon and other PECVD films, and difficulties in contacting it to other metals. Approaches to solving problems with both materials are presented, and a novel reduced mask process to fabricate high resolution, high aperture ratio 10.5” SXGA (1280 × 1024) displays is described. The process uses copper gate metallurgy with redundancy, without the need for extra processing steps. The resulting displays have 150 dpi color resolution, an aperture ratio of over 35%, and excellent image quality, making them the first high resolution displays that are suitable for notebook applications.
WHICH IS THE CONSTITUTION

When deliberating over District of Columbia v. Heller (the gun control case) the Supreme Court might do well to consider whether the result on which it settles will depend on the number and placement of commas in the Second Amendment. There are, after all, several versions of the Second Amendment available. They feature from zero to three commas in various arrangements over which reasonable minds have differed for a long time, as William Van Alstyne recently noted. And the problem is more general: identifying and preserving a single, agreed-upon version of a text produced by our federal constitutional ratification processes can be much more difficult than one might imagine. If the Court does rest a decision in Heller on an interpretation of one particular version (any one will do) of the Second Amendment, it should be prepared to answer a puzzling question about federal judicial power. The question is this: If the Court is in charge of interpreting the Constitution, does that mean it is also in charge of deciding what counts as part of the Constitution? Does the Court have, for example, the power to say a three-comma version of the Second Amendment is part of the Constitution, and the no-comma, one-comma, and two-comma versions are not? And if it does have that power, is it also free to select different Second Amendments for different occasions?
Interindividual differences in response to chemoprotection against aflatoxin-induced hepatocarcinogenesis: implications for human biotransformation enzyme polymorphisms.

Aflatoxin B1(AFB) is a difuranocoumarin fungal metabolite produced by certain strains of Aspergillus flavus and related species that commonly contaminate corn, peanuts and other commodities (Newberne and Butler, 1969; Fig 1)
Pulse Width Effect on Rb2 Predissociation by Negatively Chirped Femtosecond Laser Pulses

The effect of laser pulse width on Rb2 predissociation is probed. The relative yields of Rb excited state fragments with different pulse widths are compared experimentally. Reproducible dissociation channels are observed.
Hyperion - three years of novel aircraft design

The Hyperion is a blended wing body aircraft architecture that has been developed over three years by international teams of graduate students. The motivations behind its design are NASA’s (N+3) goals: 1) Reduce aircraft fuel consumption; 2) Reduce aircraft emissions; 3) Reduce noise. Hyperion team’s solutions are: a) Aerodynamically efficient aircraft (inspired by Boeing X-48); b) Use of light weight composite materials; c) Hybrid propulsion technology; d) Assistance from autopilot. Primary tasks for final year were: 1) Finish new carbon-fiber wings; 2) Integrate wings & control surfaces; 3) Finish development of hybrid engine; 4) Finish autopilot fly-by-wire development; 5) Finish, Verify & Validate full A/C integration; 6) Fly & test Hyperion in R/C electric and hybrid configurations; 7) Stretch goal: Fly Hyperion with autopilot.
Organizing beyond organization: Branding, discourse, and communicative capitalism

This essay presents an argument for critical organization studies scholars to more seriously address the phenomenon of corporate branding as a central, constitutive feature of organizing in contemporary capitalism. While brands and branding have historically been the domain of marketing and consumer studies researchers, I argue that a focus on the intersection of branding and organizing enables critical researchers to more effectively address the ways in which neoliberal capitalism and post-Fordist organizational forms mediate processes of meaning construction and human identity formation. Taking up Bohm and Land’s claim that neoliberal capitalism is characterized by a ‘new hidden abode of production’, I adopt Dean’s conception of ‘communicative capitalism’ to explore how branding processes are ‘hidden in plain sight’ as a key, constitutive element of this ‘new hidden abode’. As such, branding can be explored as a particular case of ‘organizing beyond organization’. The essay develops three elements of th...
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria has assumed greater importance in recent years because of (1) an increase in recognition of the clinical significance of anaerobes, (2) a decrease in predictability of susceptibility patterns, (3) the appearance of new antimicrobial agents with variable activity against anaerobes, (4) an increase in use of and demand for susceptibility data by clinicians, and (5) the availability of a standardized reference and practical methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobes. The broth microdilution and broth disk-elution techniques are suitable for clinical microbiology laboratories and have been shown to provide results comparable to those obtained with the reference agar-dilution method developed by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. The ability to produce beta-lactamase has been demonstrated in most strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group and in over half of other Bacteroides. Increasing resistance of B. fragilis to clindamycin has been reported, and the newer beta-lactam antibiotics, including moxalactam, piperacillin, cefoperazone, and cefotaxime, have variable activity against this organism. Most medical centers should perform susceptibility tests on anaerobes isolated from patients with bacteremia and bone and joint and central nervous system infections and on those anaerobes isolated in pure culture from other specimens and also should test anaerobic isolates on special request of clinicians.
H-2 Class I and Class II Alloantigens as Triggering Stimuli of Suppressor T Cells

H-2 alloantigens induce a population of splenic suppressor T cells (MLR-Ts) following in vivo sensitization with H-2 allogeneic cells. After in vitro restimulation with cells of the priming haplotype Ts produce a suppressor factor (MLR-TsF) that inhibits T cell proliferation in MLR. MLR-Ts as a population express I-J and I-C antigens (1), and I-C, but not I-J determinants are found as components of MLR-TsF (2). In contrast, the specific H-2 alloantigens that are required to prime and subsequently trigger MLR-Ts have only recently been investigated, and are the focus of this report.
Synchronized Data Acquisition from Web Services Serving at Disparate Rates.

Service-oriented architectures (SOAs) have provided improved means of serving data in business-to-business (B2B) communications. Usually, however, the flow of data from services is limited by the service provider, and different providers may limit to vastly different rates, leading to different quality of services (QoSs) for each. In some cases, the data from these various providers must be synchronized by the service consumer, for example, when that data comes from different marketplaces (e.g. Amazon or Ebay) and provides such information as prices, item sales ranks, and quantities. The acquisition of that data from each service must be reasonably synchronized if that data is to be reliably compared. This paper addresses the problems associated with this synchronization when QoS differs greatly between services but the quality of the data and the services themselves vary as well.
Unravelling Starlight: An able assistant

… I had the great happiness of having secured an able and enthusiastic assistant, by my marriage in 1875. – William Huggins With each passing year, Huggins became increasingly involved in observations requiring assistance. Until the untimely death in 1870 of his neighbour, chemist William Allen Miller, Huggins relied on him to confirm important telescopic observations and assist in spectroscopic comparisons. On occasion, he invited others to work with him at Tulse Hill. But he could not long continue as a solitary observer if he wished to maintain his position on the cutting edge of research in astronomical physics. By the mid-1870s, he faced a growing field of able competitors in London and abroad, who vied with him for the same prize discoveries: to decipher the spectral code of the nebulae, to reduce the varieties of stellar spectra to a seemly and sensible order, to bring the full potential of the spectroscope's analytic power to bear on the solar surface and its immediate environs, and/or to be the first to observe some new as yet unimagined celestial phenomenon. He had already experienced a loss of priority to Lockyer's and Janssen's independent claims to have found a spectroscopic method for viewing solar prominences without an eclipse. He would have to work hard to ensure that he did not lose such an opportunity again. Another difficulty gradually arose as astronomical photography became an accepted, even expected, part of the serious amateur's toolkit.
Commentary on the Action Research Laboratory: A US School-based Action Research Program

This chapter examines the establishment and evolution of the Action Research Laboratory (ARL) at Highland Park High School (USA). The ARL was created in 1995 as a way to provide teachers the means and encouragement to make substantive changes in their classroom practices that would increase student learning. The ARL established a professional development program in which teams of teachers used collaborative action research to improve classroom practices. This chapter engages in a “conversation” with the assistant principal who founded, facilitated, fostered, and documented the ARL. At the conclusion of this chapter, the author provides five axioms derived from his experiences with the ARL that have resulted from and guided his work.
Mathematical Modeling of Electrolyte Flow in a Segment of Flow Channel over Porous Electrode Layered System in Vanadium Flow Battery with Flow Field Design

Abstract In this work, a two-dimensional mathematical model is developed to study the flow patterns and volumetric flow penetrations in a segment of flow channel over porous electrode layered system in vanadium flow battery with flow field design. The flow distributions at the interface between the flow channel and porous electrode are examined. It is found that the non-linear pressure distributions can distinguish the interface flow distributions under the ideal plug flow and ideal parabolic flow inlet boundary conditions. Nevertheless, the volumetric flow penetration within the porous electrode beneath the flow channel through the integration of interface flow velocity reveals that this value is identical under both ideal plug flow and ideal parabolic flow inlet boundary conditions. The volumetric flow penetrations under the advection effects by both flow channel and landing/rib are estimated. The maximum current density achieved in a flow battery with a flow field architecture can be predicted based on the 100% amount of electrolyte flow reactant consumption through the porous electrode beneath flow channel and landing/rib. The corresponding theoretical maximum current densities achieved in vanadium flow battery with one and three layers of SGL 10AA carbon paper electrode have reasonable agreement with experimental results under a proper permeability.
Custodianship of Shahidganj in colonial Lahore: Land, land use and the formation of religious community, 1850–1936:

This article presents the history of the administration and management of the Lahore Shahidganj, a site that was disputed between Muslims and Sikhs, from 1850 to 1936. Drawing on a rare and detaile...
Universal Transcriptional Responses to Different Modalities of Traumatic Stress as a Measure of Stress Exposure

Molecular diagnostic tools that can robustly and quantitatively measure the response to traumatic stress would be of considerable value in assessing the individual risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder or stress-induced depression following stress exposure. The gene regulatory network can integrate and encode a large number of different signals, including those elicited by exposure to stress. We find that many genes respond to at least one modality of stress but only a subset of stress-sensitive genes track stress exposure across multiple stress modalities and are thus universal markers of stress exposure. A sensitive and robust measure of stress exposure can be constructed using a small number of genes selected from this modality-independent set of stress-sensitive genes. This stress-sensitive gene expression (SSGE) index can detect chronic traumatic stress exposure in a wide range of different stress models in a manner that is relatively independent of the modality of stress exposure and that parallels the intensity of stress exposure in a dose-dependent manner.
Electrochemical characterization of nanocrystalline RuO 2 with aqueous multivalent (Be 2+ and Al 3+ ) sulfate electrolytes for asymmetric supercapacitors

Abstract Ruthenium oxide (RuO2) is one of the most investigated electrode materials due to its unique characteristics, such as high reversibility and high capacitance, etc. However, it has always been tested with univalent electrolyte systems for charge storage applications. In contrast, here, for the first time, we examined electrochemical characteristics of a nanocrystalline RuO2 using multivalent aqueous 0.5 M BeSO4 (pH-2.2) and 0.167 M Al2(SO4)3 (pH-2.8) electrolytes and then compared the performance with the data obtained using a commonly investigated univalent 0.5 M H2SO4 (pH-1.08) electrolyte. The asymmetric two electrode systems of RuO2 Vs. activated carbon (AC) showed maximum capacitances of 397 (at 3.12 Ag−1) and 189 Fg−1 (at 3.65 Ag−1) with Be2+ and Al3+ sulfate electrolytes, respectively, reflecting both the double layer and pseudo capacitance mechanisms for charge storage. These studies present an advantage of multivalent electrolytes for RuO2 based charge storage applications.
A Wavelet-Based Penalized Mixed-Effects Decomposition for Multichannel Profile Detection of In-Line Raman Spectroscopy

Modeling and analysis of profiles, especially high-dimensional nonlinear profiles, is an important and challenging topic in statistical process control. Conventional mixed-effects models have several limitations in solving the multichannel profile detection problems for in-line Raman spectroscopy, such as the inability to separate defective information from random effects, computational inefficiency, and inability to handle high-dimensional extracted coefficients. In this paper, a new wavelet-based penalized mixed-effects decomposition (PMD) method is proposed to solve the multichannel profile detection problem in Raman spectroscopy. The proposed PMD exploits a regularized high-dimensional regression with linear constraints to decompose the profiles into four parts: fixed effects, normal effects, defective effects, and signal-dependent noise. An optimization algorithm based on the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) is developed to do parameter estimation efficiently for the proposed model. Finally, the separated fixed effects coefficients, normal effects coefficients, and defective effects coefficients can be used to extract the quality features of fabrication consistency, within-sample uniformity, and defect information, respectively. Using a surrogated data analysis and a case study, we evaluated the performance of the proposed PMD method and demonstrated a better detection power with less computational time. Note to Practitioners —This paper was motivated by the need of implementing multichannel profile detection for Raman spectra to realize in-line process monitoring and quality control of continuous manufacturing of carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypaper. Existing approaches, such as the mixed-effects model or the smooth-sparse decomposition method, cannot separate defective information in random effects effectively. This paper develops a penalized mixed-effects decomposition which decomposes Raman spectra into four components: fixed effects, normal effects, defective effects, and signal-dependent noise, respectively. The first three components can be applied to monitor the fabrication consistency, degree of uniformity, and defect information of buckypaper, respectively. With this new approach, several quality features can be monitored simultaneously and the algorithm based on the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) method can satisfy the computation speed requirement of in-line monitoring. This paper provides a solid foundation for in-line process monitoring and quality control for scalable nanomanufacturing of CNT buckypaper. Furthermore, the developed methodology can be applied in the decomposition of other signal systems with fixed, normal, and defective effects.
La influencia de Dostoievski y la novela rusa en la obra de Emilia Pardo Bazán

In 1885, while still in Paris, Emilia Pardo Bazan discovered Russian literature through the French translation of Crime and Punishment. From that moment, she read widely about Russia and its literature. In March and April 1887, she gave a series of three long lectures in the Atheneum in Madrid on The Revolution and the Novel in Russia. Pardo Bazan’s book presents a number of significant issues: the decline of the aristocracy, the rise of the bourgeoisie, the peasantry, and the connection between aesthetics and social and political issues. In this work, Pardo Bazan did make Spaniards aware of the Russian novel and Dostoyevski, bringing a new type of literary current to their notice. One of the most significant results is that she adopted the Russian literary style, considering it more appropriate than the French naturalist novel.
A Computer Experiment Based Model for a Spirally-Wounded Lithium-Ion Cell

Based on previous numerical models of spirally-wounded lithium-ion cells and the coordinate transformation method, a new method to carry out real-time calculation and simulation to predict the temperature distribution within the cell is developed. Based on the coupling of heat equation and a pseudo two dimensional (P2D) physics-based electrochemical model, samples of input combinations covering the input space are collected as training data. Computer experiments to predict current source density and thus heat generation rate in the cell with Gaussian process are done to exam the validity of the method.Copyright © 2017 by ASME
Practitioner Enquiry and Its Role in Jewish Education

While both practitioners and researchers are rightfully wary of panaceas, in this chapter I argue that practitioner enquiry is a critical endeavor that not only unites the worlds of research and practice, but also has the chance to improve both research and practice simultaneously.
Fundamental Equations of Radiation Gas Dynamics

Radiation energy transfer is introduced as an average representation of electromagnetic transport processes. Fundamental properties are defined and an analogy drawn with molecular properties. The interaction parameters with homogeneous matter and with interfaces are discussed. Radiation terms are then introduced into the conservation laws and into several classical relations of fluid dynamics.
Atypical Auditory Development and Effects of Experience

Early onset of hearing loss results in atypical auditory development, compromising the child’s ability to acquire spoken language. Children must be able to attend selectively to speech to extract information about the organization of sound pattern information in the speech signal. It is for this reason that the appropriate selection of an auditory sensory device as early as possible is essential to the development of auditory skills in the child with hearing loss. This chapter highlights the prominent research findings related to pediatric hearing loss from a developmental perspective Attention is given to degree of hearing loss, age at identification, and communication mode/intervention with emphasis on speech perception and production. Auditory experience after sensory device activation affords researchers the opportunity to explore the effects of auditory deprivation and the time course of maturation through use of behavioral and electrophysiological measures. The most compelling evidence comes from research on auditory evoked potentials, showing the critical role that early auditory stimulation plays in promoting maturation of central auditory pathways and pinpointing a critical period when the auditory system is most plastic.
Mining Temporal Patterns from Sequential Healthcare Data

Electronic health records (EHRs) can be represented as sequences of time-stamped events. Therefore, temporal patterns, such as transitions between clinical events over time, can be extracted using temporal mining techniques. This has the benefit of transforming large temporal data records into a clear and easily understandable knowledge base that could support clinical practice. However, EHR data poses many challenges due to the dynamic, heterogeneous and complex nature of health information. This project focuses on developing a methodological approach to extract patterns of transitions between adverse events after Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) implant in patients with advanced heart failure.
Inhibition of MEK and ATR Is Effective in a B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Model Driven by Mll-Af4 and Activated Ras

Infant B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALLs) that harbor MLL-AF4 rearrangements are associated with a poor prognosis. One important obstacle to progress for this patient population is the lack of immunocompetent models that faithfully recapitulate the short latency and aggressiveness of this disease. Recent whole-genome sequencing of MLL-AF4 B-ALL samples revealed a high frequency of activating RAS mutations; however, single-agent targeting of downstream effectors of the RAS pathway in these mutated MLL-r B-ALLs has demonstrated limited and nondurable antileukemic effects. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of activating mutant N-RasG12D cooperates with Mll-Af4 to generate a highly aggressive serially transplantable B-ALL in mice. We used our novel mouse model to test the sensitivity of Mll-Af4/N-RasG12D leukemia to small molecule inhibitors and found potent and synergistic preclinical efficacy of dual targeting of the Mek and Atr pathways in mouse- and patient-derived xenografts with both mutations in vivo, suggesting this combination as an attractive therapeutic opportunity that might be used to treat patients with these mutations. Our studies indicate that this mouse model of Mll-Af4/N-Ras B-ALL is a powerful tool to explore the molecular and genetic pathogenesis of this disease subtype, as well as a preclinical discovery platform for novel therapeutic strategies.
Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy and Image-Guided Adapted Brachytherapy for Cervix Cancer.

Purpose This study reported long-term outcomes of patients with cervical cancer who were treated with intensity modulated radiation therapy and 3-dimensional (3D) image-guided adapted brachytherapy (IMRT/3D-IGABT) compared with those treated with 2-dimensional (2D) external irradiation and 2D brachytherapy (2D EBRT/BT). Methods and Materials This study included patients with newly diagnosed cervical cancer and pretreatment fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans who were treated with curative-intent irradiation from 1997 to 2013. The treatment policy changed from using 2D EBRT/BT to IMRT/3D-IGABT in 2005. Patterns of recurrence, cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Late gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity were scored with National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Results The median follow-up for patients alive at the time of last follow-up in the 2D EBRT/BT group (n = 300) was 15.3 years (range, 10.8-20.5 years). In the IMRT/3D-IGABT group (n = 300), it was 7 years (range, 5-12.4 years). According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 33% of tumors were stage IB1 to IB2, 41% were stage IIA to IIB, and 26% were stage IIIA to IVA. The results after 5 years for patients treated with 2D EBRT/BT showed that freedom from relapse (FFR) was 57%, CSS was 62%, and OS was 57%. For the IMRT/3D-IGABT group, the 5-year results showed that FFR was 65% (P = .04), CSS was 69% (P = .01), and OS was 61% (P = .04). When stratified by lymph node status according to positron emission tomography scan results, disease control was most improved with IMRT/3D-IGABT versus 2D EBRT/BT in patients with positive pelvic lymph nodes only (P = .02). Cumulatively, 88 of 600 patients (15%) had grade ≥3 late bowel/bladder toxicity. The 2D EBRT/BT group had 55 patients (18%), and the IMRT/3D-IGABT group had 33 patients (11%; P = .02). Conclusions IMRT/3D-IGABT was associated with improved survival and decreased gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity in patients with cervical cancer compared with those who received 2D EBRT/BT.
An analysis of the sensitivity and stability of patients’ preferences can lead to more appropriate medical decisions

Patients are faced with multiple alternatives when selecting the preferred method for colorectal cancer screening, and there are multiple criteria to be considered in the decision-making process. We model patients’ choices using a multicriteria decision model, specifically an Analytic Hierarchy Process-based model, and propose a new approach for characterizing the idiosyncratic preference regions for individual patients. The new approach involves the development of a personalized sensitivity and stability analysis of preferences that provides pertinent insights about the changes that occur in a patient’s preferences, as he/she learns additional relevant medical information. We show how the insights derived from the sensitivity and stability of patients’ preferences could be used by a healthcare provider within the medical decision-making process.
The Massachusetts Hepatitis C Testing Cascade, 2014-2016.

Objectives:To characterize hepatitis C testing in Massachusetts and guide stakeholders in addressing the needs of people living with hepatitis C.Methods:All persons with a positive laboratory repor...
The Constitution As a Coup Against Public Opinion

This article, which draws upon material from my book, "The Framers’ Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution" (Oxford University Press 2016), investigates how and why the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 wrote a constitution that was far more nationalizing and antipopulist than most Americans probably anticipated or desired. The article also seeks to shed light on how the Federalists managed to convince the nation, through a reasonably democratic ratifying process, to approve a constitution that was, in significant part, designed to reduce popular influence upon the federal government.
Testing Convergence between Singing and Music Perception Accuracy Using Two Standardized Measures

ABSTRACTResearch on individual differences in musical abilities, and music-related deficits, has increased dramatically in the past 20 years. Although most studies to date concern music perception,...
Interaction of dietary calcium and supplemental fat on digestive function and growth performance in feedlot steers.

Four Holstein steers (261 ± 2 kg) with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the interaction of dietary Ca (.45 vs.90%) and supplemental fat (0 vs 5% yellow grease) on characteristics of digestion. There were no treatment interactions (P >.10). Supplemental Ca did not influence (P >.10) digestibility of OM, NDF, starch, N, and fatty acids. Supplemental fat decreased ruminal (21%, P .10) by Ca intake but was closely associated with ruminal pH and fatty acid intake (R 2 =.84). Apparent ruminal Ca absorption was generally negative, being increased (P .10) postruminal or total tract Ca absorption. One hundred forty-four medium-frame crossbred steers were used to evaluate treatment effects on feedlot growth performance. There were no treatment interactions (P > .10). Increasing dietary Ca did not influence ( P >.10) steer performance. Supplemental fat decreased (P < .01) DMI and increased NE value of the diet (P < .01). It is concluded that increasing dietary Ca from .45 to.9% in high-grain finishing diets will not affect the feeding value of supplemental fat and that high levels (5%) of supplemental fat will not have a detrimental effect on Ca absorption.
Preoperative ERCP has no impact on islet yield following total pancreatectomy and islet autotransplantation (TPIAT): Results from the Prospective Observational Study of TPIAT (POST) cohort.

Abstract Background and aims Many patients undergoing total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplant (TPIAT) for severe, refractory chronic pancreatitis or recurrent acute pancreatitis have a history of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Using data from the multicenter POST (Prospective Observational Study of TPIAT) cohort, we aimed to determine clinical characteristics associated with ERCP and the effect of ERCP on islet yield. Methods Using data from 230 participants (11 centers), demographics, pancreatitis history, and imaging features were tested for association with ERCP procedures. Logistic and linear regression were used to assess association of islet yield measures with having any pre-operative ERCPs and with the number of ERCPs, adjusting for confounders. Results 175 (76%) underwent ERCPs [median number of ERCPs (IQR) 2 (1-4). ERCP was more common in those with obstructed pancreatic duct (p = 0.0009), pancreas divisum (p = 0.0009), prior pancreatic surgery (p = 0.005), and longer disease duration (p = 0.004). A greater number of ERCPs was associated with disease duration (p Conclusions ERCP did not appear to adversely impact islet yield. When indicated, ERCP need not be withheld to optimize islet yield but the risk-benefit ratio of ERCP should be considered given its potential harms, including risk for excessive delay in TPIAT.
Soil Erosion and Control Measures in the Mountainous Agricultural Zones of Azerbaijan

As a result of the erosion process, most of the mountainous and foothill areas of the country have lost their fertility. The need for comprehensive control measures to restore lost fertility is as important as the demand of the day, and its scientific and economic effectiveness is determined. For this purpose, the soil vegetation of the natural zones, climatic conditions, and ecological conditions of the landscapes were studied and analyzed based on the results of the monitoring. In the example of Gusar region, the object of research was selected and cuts were made, and the corresponding field-soil-erosion study was carried out. Analytical laboratory researches were carried out on soil samples taken in the area and the results were analyzed. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, it was determined that these gray-brown soil types, which are widespread in the area, are mostly eroded to a moderate degree. The fertility of these lands has been lost and productivity has declined. In the process of soil erosion in the mountainous and foothill regions of the country, many of them have lost their productivity. It is recommended to take comprehensive measures to restore soil fertility. To this end, it is necessary to have the honor of climatic conditions, vegetation landscapes, and other natural ecological aspects.
Potential Beneficial Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation and Exercise on Functional Capacity in a Pilot Study of Individuals with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Approximately half of heart failure patients in the US have heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF impairs physical performance and thus reduces quality of life. Increasing d...
El aprendizaje del estudiante o la experiencia del estudiante: el cambio de la facultad tradicional a la no tradicional en la educación superior

Trends in higher education indicate transformations from teachers to facilitators, mentors, or coaches. New classroom management requires diverse teaching methods for a changing population. Non-traditional students require non-traditional faculty. Higher education operates similar to a traditional corporation, but competes for students, faculty, and funding to sustain daily operations and improve academic ranking among peers (Pak, 2013). This growing phenomenon suggests the need for faculty to transform the existing educational culture, ensuring the ability to attract and retain students. Transitions from student learning to the student experience and increasing student satisfaction scores are influencing facilitation in the classroom. On-line facilitation methods are transforming to include teamwork, interactive tutorials, media, and extending beyond group discussion. Faculty should be required to provide more facilitation, coaching, and mentoring with the shifting roles resulting in transitions from traditional faculty to faculty-coach and faculty mentor. The non-traditional adult student may require a more hands on guidance approach and may not be as self-directed as the adult learning theory proposes. This topic is important to individuals that support creation of new knowledge related to non-traditional adult learning models.