cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
"SAUDADES" AND RETURNING: Brazilian Women Speak of Here and There SAUDADES E RETORNO: Brasileiras falam sobre o aqui e o lá

Este artigo analisa o conceito de retorno ao Brasil articulado por um pequeno grupo de brasileiras que moram na regiao de Boston, Massachusetts. O tempo de moradia de cada uma das mulheres entrevistadas varia consideravelmente. Todas nos comentaram se tinham planos de voltar ao Brasil. Neste artigo nos examinamos a relacao entre o conceito de saudade, a experiencia de ser transnacional e o desejo de retornar ao Brasil. Nossa investigacao se baseia em tres categorias de expectativas das mulheres que encontramos nos seus comentarios sobre “saudade”. Os as tres categorias sao de: um grupo de mulheres que planejam permanecer no Estado Unidos; um em que elas pretendem ficar nos Estados Unidos temporariamente e outro em que as mulheres nao tinham certeza se iriam voltar ou ficar nos Estados Unidos. Usamos fragmentos das narrativas das mulheres para ilustrar a relacao entre a ideia de voltar para o Brasil, saudade e ser transnacional. Palavras-Chave: Imigrante brasileira. Retorno ao Brasil. Saudade. Transnacional. Abstract This article explores the concept of returning to Brazil articulated by a small group of Brazilian women living in Boston, MA, area. The time each of the women spent in the United States varies considerably. In the interviews they talked about whether they had plans to return to Brazil, and, in this paper, we examine the relationship between their conception of saudade , their transnational experience and their desire to return to their homeland. We look specifically at three subsets of women: women who planned to stay in the U.S. permanently; women who said their stay in the U.S. was temporary; and women who were unsure of whether they would stay or leave. This article uses excerpts from the women’s stories to illustrate the relationship between the idea of returning to Brazil, the idea of saudade and the transnational status. Keywords: Brazilian immigrant women. Return to Brazil. S audade. Transnational.
Quantitative Equity Portfolio Management

Equity portfolio management has evolved considerably since the 1950s. Portfolio theories and asset pricing models, in conjunction with new data sources and powerful computers, have revolutionized the way investors select stocks and create portfolios. Consequently, what was once mostly an art is increasingly becoming a science: Loose rules of thumb are being replaced by rigorous research and complex implementation. While greatly expanding the frontiers of finance, these advances have not necessarily made it any easier for portfolio managers to outperform the market. The two approaches to equity portfolio management are the traditional approach and the quantitative approach. Despite the contrasting of these two approaches by their advocates, they actually share many traits such as applying economic reasoning to identify a small set of key drivers of equity values, using observable data to quantify these key drivers, using expert judgment to develop ways to map these key drivers into the final stock-selection decision, and evaluating their performance over time. The difference in the two approaches is how they perform these tasks. Keywords: traditional approach; quantitative approach; signals; equilibrium expected returns; forecasting stock returns; factor risk model; forecasting transaction costs; tracking error; active return; information ratio; efficient portfolio; risk budget; optimized portfolio; rule-based portfolio
The use of view angle tilting to reduce distortions in magnetic resonance imaging of cryosurgery

Susceptibility artifacts from magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible cryoprobes can distort MR images of iceballs. In this work, we investigate the ability of view angle tilting (VAT) to correct susceptibility induced distortions in MR images of cryosurgery. The efficacy of VAT was tested in an ex vivo bovine liver model of cryosurgery using MR-compatible cryoprobes. Artifacts on high bandwidth fast spin echo images of freezing obtained with and without VAT were compared with photographs of the actual iceball shape and size. In vivo imaging with VAT was demonstrated during percutaneous MR-guided cryosurgery of pig liver and brain. VAT was most successful in reducing probe and iceball distortions when the imaging plane was normal to the cryoprobe, and the cryoprobe was perpendicular to the main magnetic field of the scanner. VAT had the greatest benefit when used to correct MR images of freezing when the surface of the iceball was relatively near to the cryoprobe. For large iceballs, the artifact was small so the VAT correction was less important. We conclude that VAT significantly reduced distortions in the shape of the signal void corresponding to the extent of freezing visualized during MR-guided cryosurgery. This improved ability to visualize the exact location of the cryoprobe, as well as the precise shape of the iceball, particularly during initial freezing when the iceball is small, has potential to significantly improve the accuracy of MR-guided cryosurgery of small lesions, and the accuracy of MR-assisted temperature calculations that are based on precise imaging of the probe location, and boundary geometry of the iceball.
Distribution of multivariate quadratic forms under certain covariance structures

Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the covariance structure of all the observations in a multivariate factorial experiment under which certain multivariate quadratic forms are independent and distributed as a constant times a Wishart. It is also shown that exact multivariate test statistics can be formed for certain covariance structures of the observations when the assumption of equal covariance matrices for each normal population is relaxed. A characterization is given for the dependency structure between random vectors in which the sample mean and sample covariance matrix have certain properties. On donne des conditions necessaires et suffisantes sur la structure de covariance que doivent posseder les observations d'un plan d'analyse de variance multidimensionnel pour que certaines formes quadratiques multidimensionnelles soient independantes et distribuees selon une constante fois une loi de Wishart. On montre egalement qu'en presence de certaines structures de covariance, la construction de tests exacts est possible sans pour autant presupposer l'egalite des matrices de covariance de chaque population multinormale. On etablit une caracterisation de la structure de dependance entre vecteurs aleatoires qui fait en sorte que le vecteur des moyennes experimentales et la matrice des covariances experimentales jouissent de certaines proprietes.
Hierarchies from D-brane instantons in globally defined Calabi-Yau orientifolds

We construct the first globally consistent semi-realistic Type I string vacua on an elliptically fibered manifold where the zero modes of the Euclidean D1-instanton sector allow for the generation of non-perturbative Majorana masses of an intermediate scale. In another class of global models, a D1-brane instanton can generate a Polonyi-type superpotential breaking supersymmetry at an exponentially suppressed scale.
Underwater man-made object prediction using line detection technique

Underwater imaging is primarily focused on search and rescue, underwater mine detection, underwater cable and pipeline overhauling and underwater geological survey. Main challenge in underwater imaging is blurriness. In underwater environment blurriness is caused by many factors which includes microscopic organism, impurities and density of water which effects refractive index of water, and bokeh which is blurred effect on those region of image that are out of focus in range. Picture of a moving object also have a blur effect, reason is motion blur. To detect object in underwater image, integration of different image processing technique has been made. It includes preprocessing to reduce blurriness and noise in image and Euclidean shape prediction by detecting lines in the image. Computationally feasible technique is also discuss in this paper which is not only independent of image data bank but also less time consuming to process.
Overthrust model for the Sierra Nevada

The structure of the northern Sierra Nevada, California, is a series of east-directed thrust faults modified by upright and west-directed folds and faults. The highest tectonic unit is a nappe composed of the Smartville ophiolitic complex and related rocks. These structures collectively represent the Middle Jurassic Nevadan orogeny. This overthrust-backfold model resembles Middle Jurassic events in British Columbia and the Cretaceous-Tertiary tectonics of the western European Alpine belt, and it is consistent with the hypothesis that the Nevadan orogeny reflects the collision of an oceanic volcanic arc with North America.
Teratogen update: Fetal effects of indomethacin administration during pregnancy

Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic used in the treatment of disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis. Prostaglandins have a significant stimulatory effect on established labor; because indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, this agent is also used in the treatment of preterm labor. Like other prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, indomethacin acts by inhibiting the activity of the cyclo-oxygenase enzyme necessary for the synthesis of prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxane. Unlike aspirin, which causes an irreversible inhibition of this enzyme, indomethacin results in a competitive and reversible inhibition.
Simulation mathematics and random number generation: mathematics for simulation

I survey several mathematical techniques and results that are useful in the context of stochastic simulation. The concepts are introduced through the study of a simple model of ambulance operation to ensure clarity, concreteness and cohesion.
Applications Of Artificial Intelligence

Intelligence evolves out of matter, so said the Sankhya philosophers of ancient India. The discipline of artificial intelligence (Al), which was established some 30 years ago, has confirmed the validity of the above assertion. Recently, a number of AI applications have been successfully demonstrated, generating a great deal of excitement and interest in scientific and technical circles. In this special issue of Optical Engineering a representative set of applications that incorporate Al principles is presented.
Industry-University Partnerships for Construction Engineering Education

Many construction engineering educators and construction industry leaders realize the value of establishing effective, working industry-university partnerships. By viewing the construction industry as its customer and by collaborating with industry leaders on matters influencing the undergraduate program, the university faculty can sustain and improve the quality of the educational program. The degree to which construction engineering graduates are prepared to perform well in practice can be enhanced by effective industry-university cooperation on such matters as the construction education mission and objectives, curriculum, course content, faculty qualifications and development, resources, co-ops and internships, and other issues. Based on 23 years of experience in Purdue University's Construction Engineering and Management program as well as on experience elsewhere, issues are discussed concerning ways of implementing effective industry-university collaboration in construction engineering education. Con...
RESOLUTION OF THE CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN SYNDROME AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION

Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis is a common condition with an unclear etiology. We report on a patient who had complete resolution of chronic prostatitis symptoms following full immunosuppression for a renal transplant. CASE REPORT A 35-year-old black man with end stage renal disease secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis presented elsewhere with a several month history of perineal and urethral sensitivity and pain. He produced only 3 ounces of urine per day with no dysuria. A few weeks earlier he had a single episode of painless white urethral discharge. He denied any recent sexual activity, or history of other urinary symptoms, urinary tract infections or sexually transmitted diseases. Genitourinary examination was normal except for discomfort on prostatic examination. Gonococcal and Chlamydia cultures were negative. Urine culture yielded greater than 100,000 colonies of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The patient was treated with metronidazole and norfloxacin for 7 days with partial resolution of symptoms. A month later he returned with persistent symptoms but no further discharge. Urine cultures were negative. However, the patient was treated with trovafloxacin for 2 weeks. Symptoms did not resolve and he was referred to us. Urine and expressed prostatic secretions were sterile but greater than 10 white blood cells per high power field were noted in the expressed prostatic secretions. Diagnosis was the chronic pelvic pain syndrome (National Institutes of Health category IIIa prostatitis). Symptoms did not improve with a course of norfloxacin. Before any other treatment regimen could be instituted, the patient underwent successful cadaveric renal transplantation with immediate renal function. Immunosuppression consisted of steroids, cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil. Postoperatively, perineal and urethral symptoms completely resolved. At 13-month followup the patient is symptom-free. DISCUSSION
Forward-looking automotive radar sensor

For intelligent cruise control (ICC) and forward looking collision warning systems to be successful products they must provide robust performance in a complex roadway environment. Inconveniences caused by dropped tracks and nuisance alarms will not be tolerated by consumers, and would likely result in rejection of these new technologies in the marketplace. The authors report on a low-cost automotive millimeter wave (MMW) radar design which addresses shortcomings associated with previously reported ICC system implementations. The importance of the sensor's ability to identify and separately track all obstacles in the field of view is discussed. The applicability of the MMW's FM-CW sensor implementation to collision warning systems is also discussed.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Behavioral assessment of gambling: an application of the timeline followback method.

The Gambling Timeline Followback (G-TLFB), a measure of gambling behavior that uses the timeline followback methodology, was psychometrically evaluated with samples of frequent-gambling young adults. Seven dimensions of gambling behavior were assessed: type, frequency, duration, intent, risk, win–loss, and consumption of alcohol while gambling. The G-TLFB demonstrated adequate to excellent test–retest reliability with a sample of 57 frequent gamblers ( r .75 to .96) and with a group of 34 disordered gamblers (r .73 to .93). With a separate sample of 58 frequent-gambling participants, convergent, concurrent, and discriminant validity were assessed. The G-TLFB correlated positively with daily self-monitoring reports (r .59 to .87). The dimensions of frequency and duration demonstrated concurrent validity with gambling screening instruments, and standard drinks consumed while gambling demonstrated concurrent validity with a measure of alcohol misuse. The G-TLFB also demonstrated discriminant validity with demographic variables and a measure of positive impression management. Understanding gambling behavior has not mirrored the rapid expansion of legalized gambling in the United States. Particularly lacking are validated tools that assess gambling behavior (Ferris, Wynne, & Single, 1999). In the present series of studies we evaluated the reliability and validity of a retrospective behavioral
Using oxygen isotopes of phosphate to trace phosphorus sources and cycling in Lake Erie.

Water samples collected during three sampling trips to Lake Erie displayed oxygen isotopic values of dissolved phosphate (δ18Op) that were largely out of equilibrium with ambient conditions, indicating that source signatures may be discerned. δ18Op values in the Lake ranged from +10‰ to +17‰, whereas the equilibrium value was expected to be around +14‰. The riverine weighted average δ18Op value was +11‰ and may represent one source of phosphate to the Lake. The lake δ18Op values indicated that there must be one or more as yet uncharacterized source(s) of phosphate with a high δ18Op value. Potential sources other than rivers are not yet well-characterized with respect to δ18O of phosphate, but we speculate that a likely source may be the release of phosphate from sediments under reducing conditions created during anoxic events in the hypolimnion of the central basin of Lake Erie. Identifying potential phosphorus sources to the Lake is vital for designing effective management plans for reducing nutrient inp...
Endomorphisms of Monogenic Hopf Algebras

Let k be a finite or algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0, and let H be a k-Hopf algebra. We obtain a classification of End (H), the k-Hopf algebra endomorphisms of H, obtaining a simple Dieudonne module description for each map. For H a Hopf algebra over the ring of Witt vectors W(k) we use finite Honda systems to describe End (H), and obtain concrete results for several special cases, including the case where k = F p as well as the case where H has rank p.
Effects of a mutation in the TM2-TM3 linker region of the glycine receptor α1 subunit on gating and allosteric modulation

Alcohols and volatile anesthetics modulate the function of cys-loop ligand-gated ion channels, binding to a putative site between transmembrane domains two and three. The extracellular linker between these two domains is important in the transduction of the gating signal from the glycine binding site to the channel gate. Although the anesthetic binding site is proposed to be in the same region throughout the cys-loop receptor family, the modulatory effects of these compounds depend on the receptor. A sequence comparison revealed an extra proline in the TM2-TM3 loop of the 5-HT3A receptor (5-HT3AR) that is not found in the glycine receptor (GlyR). We hypothesized that this proline residue could affect the size and orientation of the putative alcohol and anesthetic binding pocket and perhaps explain some of the differences in alcohol and anesthetic effects seen in this family of receptors. A lysine to proline mutation was introduced into the TM2-TM3 linker region at position 281 (K281P) of the alpha1 GlyR. Mutation at this residue did not affect thiol binding to residues in TM2 or TM3 and it does not appear that residue 281 constitutes part of the alcohol binding site. The K281P receptors displayed constitutive activity in the absence of glycine, and unlike wild-type receptors, this channel opening was antagonized by application of either volatile anesthetics or another GlyR modulator, zinc. Our data suggest that the TM2-TM3 extracellular loop plays a role in the transduction of signals generated by allosteric modulators in addition to gating signals that follow glycine binding.
Centralization, Resource Depletion, and Coercive Conservation Among the Tyua of the Northeastern Kalahari

The colonial and post-colonial govemments of Botswana and Zimbabwe pursued policies toward their indigenous minority populations which included the establishment of settlement schemes, removals of people from national parks and game reserves, and the imposition of restrictions on hunting by local people. These polices had the effect of dispossessing indigenous groups and reducing their access to resources crucial to their adaptive success. The impacts of these polices are examined using data on Tyua Bushmen in the Nata river region of northem Botswana and western Zimbabwe. It demonstrates that the kinds of conservation and development programs employed resulted in greater resource depletion, increased poverty, and social stratification. There is evidence that resource conservation programs can sometimes do more hann than good.
On definitions of validity applied to quantum theories

In this work, quantum theories are considered which consist in essence of a map from state preparation proceduresw to states and a map from decision proceduresQ to probability operator measures. Two definitions of validity, similar to that given elsewhere, are given and compared for these theories. One definition is given in terms of one carrying out of somew followed by someQ, denoted by(Q, w). The other is given in terms of infinite repetitions(Q, w) ofw followed byQ. Both definitions are discussed in terms of the comparison of limit empirical means with theoretical expectation values. Particular attention is given to the use of outcome sequences of(Q, w) and of(Q, w) to determine properties of the probability measures the physical theory assigns to each(Q, w) in its domain.
Infrared spectra of matrix isolated FeO2: Evidence for a cyclic iron-oxygen complex

Abstract Infrared matrix isolation techniques were used to study the reaction of Fe(vapor) with oxygen molecules. For various isotopically enriched oxygen samples, spectral transitions at 945.9, 930.8 and 911.4 cm−1 were assigned on the basis of their relatively large frequency shifts to the OO stretching modes of Fe16O18O and Fe18O2, respectively. The low frequency FeO stretching modes were assigned to features at 517.1, 508.1 and 494.0 cm−1 for the same three isotopically substituted dioxygen complexes. Both the frequency behavior and intensity patterns involving the dioxygen ligand indicate a cyclic isosceles model for the FeO2 system.
ERS-24, a Mammalian v-SNARE Implicated in Vesicle Traffic between the ER and the Golgi

We report the identification and characterization of ERS-24 (Endoplasmic Reticulum SNARE of 24 kD), a new mammalian v-SNARE implicated in vesicular transport between the ER and the Golgi. ERS24 is incorporated into 20S docking and fusion particles and disassembles from this complex in an ATP-dependent manner. ERS-24 has significant sequence homology to Sec22p, a v-SNARE in Saccharomyces cerevisiae required for transport between the ER and the Golgi. ERS-24 is localized to the ER and to the Golgi, and it is enriched in transport vesicles associated with these organelles.
6-Aminoquinoline as a fluorogenic leaving group in peptide cleavage reactions: A new fluorogenic substrate for chymotrypsin

Abstract A new fluorogenic substrate capable of measuring the amidolytic activity of chymotrypsin and based upon the enzyme-catalyzed release of a highly fluorescent aromatic amine, 6-aminoquinoline, was prepared. The substrate, 6-( N -glutaryl- l -phenylalanylamido)quinoline, was found to have at pH 8.0 and 25°C K m = 1.77 m m and k cat = 1.4 × 10 −1 s −1 . The aminoquinoline is a unique leaving group in that its appearance can be measured fluorometrically at its excitation and emission maxima , while, under these conditions, fluorescence associated with unhydrolyzed substrate is negligible.
Size-dependent blood-brain barrier opening demonstrated with [14C]sucrose and a 200,000-Da [3H]dextran.

The reclosure of the blood-brain barrier following osmotic opening was investigated by determining the product of permeability times surface area for two neutral, water-soluble compounds differing widely in molecular size. [14C]Sucrose (Mr 340 Da, radius 5A) and [3H]dextran (Mr 200,000 Da, radius 100 A) were simultaneously injected i.v., and their regional permeability times surface areas were calculated at 6, 10, 35, and 55 min after the blood-brain barrier was opened by a 30-s infusion of 1.8 m L(+)-arabinose into the right external carotid artery. The control permeability times surface area product was about 10(-5) cm3 s-1 g-1 brain for sucrose and negligible for dextran. It increased to 4 X 10(-4) cm3 s-1 g-1 brain and 10(-4) cm3 s-1 g-1 brain for sucrose and dextran, respectively, at 6 min after opening of the blood-brain barrier. Thereafter, permeability-surface area products for both substances declined. Dextran had significantly lower (P less than 0.05) values than sucrose at all times. The ratios of permeability times surface areas of [14C]sucrose to those to [3H]dextran were consistent with restricted diffusion through pores or slits at 35 and 55 min after blood-brain barrier opening, but at 6 and 10 min these ratios were less than the ratio of their free diffusion coefficients, indicative of bulk fluid flow with solute drag from blood to brain. A previously measured increase in brain water content following opening of the blood-brain barrier together with the present results, suggest the creation of slits approximately 400 A in width after osmotic treatment. Reduction in bulk fluid flow from blood to brain appears to be the major cause for the reduction of permeability times surface areas for both sucrose and dextran as the blood-brain barrier recloses.
Fractal Form of Proteins

Electron spin relaxation measurements on low-spin ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ in several proteins show that they occupy a space of fractal dimensionality $d=1.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$, in conformity with the dimensionality $d=\frac{5}{3}$ of a self-avoiding random walk. Analysis of myoglobin x-ray data independently confirms this fractal dimension.
Induction of Oxidative Stress in Trypanosoma brucei by the Antitrypanosomal Dihydroquinoline OSU-40

ABSTRACT Dihydroquinoline derivative OSU-40 (1-benzyl-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinolin-6-yl acetate) is selectively potent against Trypanosma brucei rhodesiense in vitro (50% inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ], 14 nM; selectivity index, 1,700) and has been proposed to cause the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in African trypanosomes (J. Fotie et al., J. Med. Chem. 53:966–982, 2010). In the present study, we sought to provide further support for the hypothesis that OSU-40 kills trypanosomes through oxidative stress. Inducible RNA interference (RNAi) was applied to downregulate key enzymes in parasite antioxidant defense, including T. brucei trypanothione synthetase (TbTryS) and superoxide dismutase B (TbSODB). Both TbTryS RNAi-induced and TbSODB RNAi-induced cells showed impaired growth and increased sensitivity toward OSU-40 by 2.4-fold and 3.4-fold, respectively. Decreased expression of key parasite antioxidant enzymes was thus associated with increased sensitivity to OSU-40, consistent with the hypothesis that OSU-40 acts through oxidative stress. Finally, the dose-dependent formation of free radicals was observed after incubation of T. brucei with OSU-40 utilizing electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. These data support the notion that the mode of antitrypanosomal action for this class of compounds is to induce oxidative stress.
What Do Apple Pie and Motherhood Have to Do With Feeding Tubes and Caring for the Patient

MEDICAL AND ethical guidelines state that the forgoing of artificial nutrition and hydration is no different from the forgoing of any other medical treatment. Yet a significant number of health care professionals believe that artificial nutrition and hydration must always be continued, even when the burdens of this treatment outweigh the benefits of prolonging life. I believe that health care professionals should accept the premise that artificial nutrition and hydration are medical treatment (which may be forgone under justifiable clinical and ethical conditions) rather than "basic care" (which morally cannot be forgone) because of (1) social meanings that create humans symbolically as "persons"; and (2) the permission medicine is given by society to touch the human body in various antisocial, but medically necessary, ways. While any decision to forgo life-supporting treatment may cause anxiety and anguish for even the most experienced physician,1the withholding or withdrawal of artificial nutrition
Evolution of Cambrian-Ordovician Carbonate Shelf, United States Appalachians: ABSTRACT

Cross sections and isopach maps (palinspastic) of the Cambrian-Ordovician continental shelf, United States Appalachians, show that thickness and facies trends are controlled by the Adirondack, New Jersey, and Virginia highs and depocenters in Tennessee, Pennsylvania, and by the Rome trough. Carbonate sedimentation was initiated with drowning of Early Cambrian clastics, deposition of carbonate ramp and rimmed shelf facies followed by drowning, then regional regression and deposition of Early to Middle Cambrian red beds and platform margin rimmed shelf facies. During subsequent regional transgression, the Conasauga intrashelf shale basin formed, bounded toward the shelf edge and along depositional strike by Middle to Upper Cambrian oolitic ramp facies and cyclic peritidal c rbonates. Intrashelf basin filling and regional regression caused progradation of Late Cambrian cyclic carbonates and clastics across the shelf. By this time, the margin had a relief of 2.5 km. During the Early Ordovician, incipient drowning of the shelf formed subtidal carbonates and bioherms that passed up into cyclic carbonate as sea level oscillations decreased in magnitude. Numerous unconformities interrupt this sequence in the northern Appalachians. The earlier high relief rimmed shelf was converted into a ramp, owing to uplift in the basin, heralding approaching collision. Subsidence rates on the margin were low (4 cm/1,000 yr) and typical of a mature passive margin. Shelf sedimentation in the southern Appalachians ceased with arc-continent collision and development of the Knox un onformity, which dies out into the Pennsylvania depocenter. Major exploration targets are in the Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician Knox Group. End_of_Article - Last_Page 299------------
Effect of the Coupled-bunch Modes on the Longitudinal Feedback System

The Pedersen analysis [1, 2] of the low-level rf feedback system assumes that all bunches oscillate in phase what corresponds to the lowest coupled bunch mode. This analysis is extended here to take into account all other coupled-bunch modes what might be important for the strongly detuned cavities in large storage rings such as PEP-II.
Discovery of Novel Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Kinase Inhibitors by Structure-Based Virtual Screening

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play important roles in embryonic development, angiogenesis, wound healing, and cell proliferation and differentiation. In search of inhibitors of FGFR1 kinase, 2.2 million compounds were docked into the ATP binding site of the protein. A co-crystal structure, which shows two alternative conformations for the nucleotide binding loop, is reported. Docking was performed on both conformations and, ultimately, 23 diverse compounds were purchased and assayed. Following hit validation, two compounds 10 and 16, a benzylidene derivative of pseudothiohydantoin and a thienopyrimidinone derivative, respectively, were discovered that inhibit FGFR1 kinase with IC(50) values of 23 and 50 microM. Initial optimization of 16 led to the more unsaturated 40, which has significantly enhanced potency, 1.9 microM. The core structures represent new structural motifs for FGFR1 kinase inhibitors. The study also illustrates complexities associated with the choice of protein structures for docking, possible use of multiple kinase structures to seek selectivity, and hit identification.
Claiming races, broiler contracts, heresthetics, and habits: ten concepts for policy design

The formulation of policy alternatives can be viewed as an exercise in institutional design. What concepts should inform the craft of institutional design? This essay draws ideas from three intellectual sources to develop and illustrate ten representative concepts for institutional design. First, it presents concepts from the economics of organization involving the creation of desirable incentives: (1) inducing third-party enforcement through the creation of value, (2) making commitments credible, and (3) maintaining competition through tournaments. Second, it presents concepts from heresthetics involving the favorable structuring of decisions: (4) fixing agendas behind the ‘veil of ignorance,’ (5) automating policy decisions, (6) linking policy dimensions, and (7) collapsing and unlinking policy dimensions. Third, it presents concepts from the behavioral perspective recognizing the importance of habits and norms: (8) adapting organizational routines, (9) instilling and exploiting norms, and (10) monitoring through reporting and diligence requirements. These concepts are intended to help policy analysts be more creative in the crafting of policy alternatives.
Formation of the Phenyl Radical [C6H5(X2A1)] under Single Collision Conditions: A Crossed Molecular Beam and ab Initio Study

Reactions of dicarbon molecules (C2) with C4H6 isomers such as 1,3-butadiene represent a potential, but hitherto unnoticed, route to synthesize the first aromatic C6 ring in hydrocarbon flames and in the interstellar medium where concentrations of dicarbon transient species are significant. Here, crossed molecular beams experiments of dicarbon molecules in their X1Σg+ electronic ground state and in the first electronically excited a3Πu state have been conducted with 1,3-butadiene and two partially deuterated counterparts (1,1,4,4-D4-1,3-butadiene and 2,3-D2-1,3-butadiene) at two collision energies of 12.7 and 33.7 kJ mol−1. Combining these scattering experiments with electronic structure and RRKM calculations on the singlet and triplet C6H6 surfaces, our investigation reveals that the aromatic phenyl radical is formed predominantly on the triplet surface via indirect scattering dynamics through a long-lived reaction intermediate. Initiated by a barrierless addition of triplet dicarbon to one of the termin...
Some 2-isohedral tilings of the plane

In this paper we describe and classify, using adjacency symbols, the 2-isohedral tilings of the plane such that all tiles have four edges and four tiles meet at each vertex. There are 69 such tilings. Since many of these can be constructed by dissecting isohedral tilings appropriately, we show which isohedral tilings are related in this way to these 2-isohedral tilings.
Variables Affecting Transition from Wide-Spaced to Normal-Spaced Paper for Manuscript Handwriting.

AbstractThe study investigated the manuscript letter strokes made by second and third grade boys and girls using wide- and normal-spaced writing paper. Scoring overlay sizes of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm were used. The results of the study indicated no differences in the performance of boys and girls. Different scoring overlay sizes resulted in significantly different scores for both normal- and wide-spaced writing paper. Second graders made significantly more correct letter strokes using wide-spaced paper, whereas third graders showed no differences in their performance on normal- and wide-spaced paper. The results suggest that transition from wide- to normal-spaced writing paper may be appropriate during the second grade.
Imagining engagement Youth, social media, and electoral processes

The case of the 2010 municipal elections in Calgary, Canada, is used here to explore the discursive construction of social media in relation to political engagement. This article examines the way i...
Opening Presentations, Abstracts and Proceedings of the Sixtieth Annual Meeting of the American College Health Association Seattle, Washington, 1982: Presidential Address

(1982). Opening Presentations, Abstracts and Proceedings of the Sixtieth Annual Meeting of the American College Health Association Seattle, Washington, 1982: Presidential Address. Journal of American College Health: Vol. 31, Sixtieth Annual Meeting of the American College Health Association, Seattle, Washington, 1982, pp. 9-10.
Pressures on surface-mounted prisms: The effects of incident turbulence

Abstract This paper discusses the effect of small-scale turbulence on the pressures observed on surface-mounted prisms placed in a variety of turbulent boundary layers. The effects of turbulence intensity and prism geometry are discussed in detail for oblique angles of attack with emphasis on observations on the top surface near the upstream corner and along its leading edges. In order to achieve a better simulation of the lateral turbulence intensity and the small-scale turbulence, small spires are placed directly upstream of the model location. Model/full scale comparison of the mean and fluctuating pressure coefficients are made to evaluate the effect of the spires on these coefficients in comparison with the conventional spire-roughness simulation method. Two specific situations are discussed with emphasis on the very low suction pressures usually encountered near the leading prism edges and under the corner vortices.
Predictors of efficacy after stereotactic radiosurgery for medial temporal lobe epilepsy

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (RS) is a promising treatment for intractable medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). However, the basis of its efficacy is not well understood. Methods: Thirty patients with MTLE were prospectively randomized to receive 20 or 24 Gy 50% isodose RS centered at the amygdala, 2 cm of the anterior hippocampus, and the parahippocampal gyrus. Posttreatment MRI was evaluated quantitatively for abnormal T2 hyperintensity and contrast enhancement, mass effect, and qualitatively for spectroscopic and diffusion changes. MRI findings were analyzed for potential association with radiation dose and seizure remission (Engel Ib or better outcome). Results: Despite highly standardized dose targeting, RS produced variable MRI alterations. In patients with multiple serial imaging, the appearance of vasogenic edema occurred approximately 9–12 months after RS and correlated with onset of seizure remission. Diffusion and spectroscopy-detected alterations were consistent with a mechanism of temporal lobe radiation injury mediated by local vascular insult and neuronal loss. The degree of these early alterations at the peak of radiographic response was dose-dependent and predicted long-term seizure remission in the third year of follow-up. Radiographic changes were not associated with neurocognitive impairments. Conclusions: Temporal lobe stereotactic radiosurgery resulted in significant seizure reduction in a delayed fashion which appeared to be well-correlated with structural and biochemical alterations observed on neuroimaging. Early detected changes may offer prognostic information for guiding management.
Cavum Vergae and Neurologic Abnormalities

Cavum vergae is a midline cavity of the brain, posterior to the septum pellucidum which often communicates with a cavum septum pellucidum. While the clinical significance of this anatomic finding is not clear, we have seen 6 pediatric patients with cavum vergae who had neurologic abnormalities. They ranged from 3 weeks to 4 years of age at the time of presentation. The reason for initial evaluation was large head size in 3 patients, dysmorphic facies in 2 patients, and seizure associated with fever in one patient. The diagnosis of cavum vergae was made by CT scan of the brain - 2 of the 6 had only a cavum vergae while 4 had a cavum vergae and cavum septum pellucidum. It is significant that 5 of the 6 patients had developmental delay, and 4 had head circumferences ≥97th percentile without radiographic evidence of gross hydrocephalus. Two of the patients with large head circumferences were thought to have cerebral gigantism. To determine the background frequency of cavum vergae in children without apparent neurologic abnormality, we reviewed 50 CT scans of the brain in children between 4 months and 5 years of age whose CT scans were done for head trauma and found no cases of cavum vergae. These observations suggest that cavum vergae can be associated with neurologic dysfunction and macrocephaly.
Tobacco knowledge among adults in Zhejiang Province, China.

Objective The aims of current study were to assess the level of tobacco knowledge, anti-tobacco messages and major information channels in Zhejiang. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 2112 adults in Zhejiang. Data on demographic information, smoking status, tobacco knowledge, anti-tobacco messages and major information channels was collected. Results The findings revealed that only 31.87% of the population were aware that smoking could cause all three diseases (stoke, heart disease, and lung cancer), 86.09% were aware that smoking causes lung cancer, 46.43% and 42.40% were aware that smoking causes stroke and heart attack, respectively. Residence and education level had significant effects on awareness, while the effects of smoking status, gender, age, and household monthly income were not significant. There were five major information channels as follows: television (67.52%), newspapers or magazines (40.79%), billboards (30.02%), public walls (24.72), and radio (23.79%). Respondents got the following anti-tobacco messages from mass media: “No smoking in public” (66.34%), “No smoking in front of other people” (35.18%) and “Not offering cigarettes to one another” (22.82%). Conclusions The tobacco knowledge among residents in Zhejiang province is relatively poor. Improved information channels and content of anti-tobacco messages are necessary to increase the public’s tobacco knowledge, particularly among rural residents and people with less education.
Effect of Endplates on Two-Dimensional Airfoil Testing at Low Reynolds Number

The presence of endplates (or sideplates ) in two-dimensional wind-tunnel force measurements on airfoils has a strong effect on lift and drag coefe cients at low Reynolds numbers. Results on an Eppler 61 airfoil indicate that the endplates are responsible for a sharp decrease in the airfoil performance. The lift coefe cient is reduced and the drag coefe cient is increased due to the interaction of the airfoil boundary layer with the sideplate boundary layer. Nomenclature b = span Cd = section proe le drag coefe cient Cl = section lift coefe cient c = chord length eQ = quantization error M = resolution of A/D converter Rec = chord Reynolds number Rex = Reynolds number based on distance x along endplate U1 = freestream velocity x = distance from leading edge of endplate ® = angle of attack ± = boundary-layer thickness
The Looming Expansion And Transformation Of Public Substance Abuse Treatment Under The Affordable Care Act

Public substance abuse treatment services have largely operated as an independent part of the overall health care system, with unique methods of administration, funding, and service delivery. The Affordable Care Act of 2010 and other recent health care reforms, coupled with declines in state general revenue spending, will change this. Overall funding for these substance abuse services should increase, and they should be better integrated into the mainstream of general health care. Reform provisions are also likely to expand the variety of substance abuse treatment providers and shift services away from residential and stand-alone programs toward outpatient programs and more integrated programs or care systems. As a result, patients should have better access to care that is more medically based and person-centered.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator criteria for primary and secondary prevention of pediatric sudden cardiac death

The implantable cardioverter defibrillator is established as life-saving in specific adult populations. However, the precise indications and criteria for defibrillator implantation in children are less well defined. This article provides a succinct review of the indications and implantation criteria in pediatric populations at risk for sudden cardiac death, including specific disease substrates such as cardiomyopathies, inherited arrhythmias, and congenital heart disease.
Effect of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate on the phosphorylation of protein 4.1 by protein kinase C.

Abstract We have previously shown that 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) inhibits the phosphorylation of erythrocyte membrane cytoskeletal proteins by endogenous casein kinases. Here, we report that 2,3-DPG stimulates the phosphorylation of protein 4.1 by protein kinase C. Studies with red cell membrane preparations showed that while the phosphorylation of most of the membrane proteins by endogenous membrane-bound kinases and purified kinase C was inhibited by 2,3-DPG, the phosphorylation of protein 4.1 was slightly enhanced by the metabolite. The effect of 2,3-DPG was further examined using purified protein 4.1 preparations. Our results indicate that 2,3-DPG stimulates both the rate and the extent of phosphorylation of purified protein 4.1 by kinase C. The amount of phosphate incorporated was found to double to 2 mol of phosphate per mole of protein 4.1 in the presence of 10 m m 2,3-DPG. The increase in phosphorylation was distributed over all phosphorylation sites as revealed by an analysis of the labeling patterns of phosphopeptides resolved by high performance liquid chromatography, but a significantly higher incorporation was detected in two of the phosphopeptides. The stimulatory effect of 2,3-DPG on the phosphorylation of protein 4.1 was observed only with kinase C. Phosphorylation by the cytosolic erythrocyte casein kinase and the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase was inhibited by 2,3-DPG. Moreover, the stimulatory effect of 2,3-DPG seemed to be unique to the phosphorylation of protein 4.1 since a similar effect had not been observed with other protein kinase C substrates. Our results suggest that 2,3-DPG may play an important role in the regulation of cytoskeletal interactions.
The Use of Predicted Confidence Intervals When Planning Experiments and the Misuse of Power When Interpreting Results

Although there is a growing understanding of the importance of statistical power considerations when designing studies and of the value of confidence intervals when interpreting data, confusion exists about the reverse arrangement: the role of confidence intervals in study design and of power in interpretation. Confidence intervals should play an important role when setting sample size, and power should play no role once the data have been collected, but exactly the opposite procedure is widely practiced. In this commentary, we present the reasons why the calculation of power after a study is over is inappropriate and how confidence intervals can be used during both study design and study interpretation.
A Statewide Evaluation of Family Preservation and Family Reunification Services

In recent years, social workers have begun to focus on services intended to help keep families together. This article describes evaluation studies of family preservation and reunification services provided to families of status offenders across the state of Florida. Logistic regression methods were used to identify correlates offamily preservation and family reunification in data from 4,195 families served by 23 Florida Network of Youth and Family Services programs during fiscal year 1989-1990. Statistically significant models were identified for both family preservation and family reunification efforts. Then data from families served by Florida Network agencies during fiscal years 1988-1989 (2,065 families) and 1990-1991 (3,931 families) were analyzed in a model validation study. Several demographic, client history, and service variables were identified as correlates of family preservation and family reunification. The implications of these results for the efforts of social workers to preserve and reunif...