cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Report On a Phase 2 Trial Of Combination Therapy With Lenalidomide and Azacitidine In Patients With Non-Del 5q, Low Risk MDS

Introduction Low risk MDS is a heterogeneous disease, with limited and short lived responses to available therapeutic options. We hypothesized that the combination of lenalidomide and azacitidine may result in higher response rates and longer duration of such responses than those achieved with either agent. Methods This was an investigator- initiated phase 2 trial, seeking to evaluate the safety , tolerability and response rate of the combination of lenalidomide and azacitidine in patients with low- int-1 risk MDS (excluding those with del 5q). Patients had to have up to three months of lenalidomide monotherapy, followed by response assessment per IWG 2006 criteria. Responders were to continue on lenalidomide until progression or failure. Non responders would receive 2 cycles of combination therapy with azacitidine at 25 mg/m2 for 5 days every 28 days, together with lenalidomide at the same dose they received in cycle 3. If no grade 4 toxicity developed, or if the initiation of the next cycle of therapy was not delayed by more than 2 weeks, patients would continue combination therapy, with dose escalation of azacitidine to 50 mg/m² on days 1 through 5 every 28 days for 4 more cycles along with same dose of lenalidomide received in prior cycles. Response assessment was to be performed after 6 cycles of combination therapy, with responders continuing to receive treatment until disease progression, intolerable toxicities or return to baseline transfusion dependence. Results Between January of 2011 and November of 2012, we enrolled 2 patients, a 69 year old male (1), and a 65 year old female (2), both patients had RARS, normal karyotype, IPSS was 0, and 1. Patient (1) was previously treated with ESA/G-CSF, the other was treatment naive. Both patients started Lenalidomide at 5 mg daily, due to reduced GFR (1). Treatment of patient (1) was complicated by severe anemia after 2 cycles of therapy, necessitating blood transfusion, dose reduction, and eventually holding therapy. The patient declined participation and was taken off study in September of 2011. Patient (2) was enrolled in August of 2012, received 3 cycles of lenalidomide at 5 mg daily, resulting in stable disease. She went on to receive two cycles of combination therapy. Treatment was complicated by a rash, attributed to revlimid, and hematological toxicity resulting in treatment delay by more than 2 weeks. Per protocol, she was taken off study. Conclusion Our study was closed prematurely, and our sample size is very small, but this experience suggests that Combination therapy in patients with low risk MDS is challenging on multiple levels: Accrual, tolerability of two myelosuppressive agents, and potentially, an unacceptable risk/benefit ratio. Disclosures: Shammo: celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Off Label Use: The use of lenalidomide and azacitidine in combination for the treatment of low risk MDS.
Space object detection: receiver operating characteristics for Poisson and normally distributed data

Object detection algorithms typically implement a Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) for determining if an image-pixel contains a star. Implementing a LRT requires prior knowledge about the statistics of the data, such as the mean and variance. Assuming the background noise follows a Gaussian distribution, the mean and the variance have to be calculated separately. If the background data follows a Poisson distribution, the mean is the only calculation needed, as mean and variance of the Poisson distribution equal each other. This paper will compare the possible detection improvements when using a Poisson assumption. Many star detection LRTs will use a windowing technique to limit the amount of background data that is being tested. Various window sizes will also be tested to determine possible detection improvements that can be realized.
The 1919 eclipse: a celebrity is born

In the spring of 1919, while Europe was just beginning to recover from the effects of the First World War, teams of British astronomers thousands of miles from home laboured to measure a tiny effect predicted by an obscure German scientist. This scientist was Albert Einstein, and when those astronomers presented their results he would move from little-known physicist to global celebrity. How did this dramatic turn of events come to be?
206. Determining the Effect of Endogenous PD-1 Expression on the Co-Stimulatory Potential of the PD1:CD28 Chimera

Adoptive immunotherapy is an emerging field of study involving genetic alteration of the immune system to enhance its effectiveness in eliminating cancer. A previous study created a novel chimera (PD1:CD28) containing the extracellular portion of an inhibitory molecule, Programmed Death 1 (PD-1), and the intracellular portion of a co-stimulatory molecule, CD28, resulting in tumor induced co-stimulation of T cells. Given that endogenous PD-1 expression is likely to up-regulate on T cells in the tumor microenvironment, the current study aims to determine whether the presence of PD-1 on the cell surface negatively impacts T cell stimulation by the PD1:CD28 chimera. Endogenous PD1 was tagged with a red fluorescent protein, mCherry, and PD1:CD28 with a green fluorescent protein, GFP. Fusion proteins were transfected into H9 cells and positive expression was detected via flow cytometric analysis and fluorescence microscopy. Stable cell lines expressing both PD1:mCherry and PD1:CD28:GFP fusion proteins are being examined for downstream signaling markers, proliferation, and cytokine expression following exposure to Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), as compared to cells engineered to express only PD1:mCherry or PD1:CD28:GFP. This study will provide further insight into the ability of the PD1:CD28 chimera to overcome PD-1 mediated tumor immune evasion.
Predicting Student Aptitude Using Performance History.

Many tutoring systems currently in use provide a wealth of information pertaining to student learning over long periods of time. Providing meaningful representations of student performance can indicate levels of knowledge and understanding that can alert instructors to potential struggling students in order to provide aid where it is needed; it is the goal of many researchers to even provide such indication preemptively in order to intervene before students become frustrated when attempting new skills. The goal of this work is to utilize student performance history to provide a means of quantizing student aptitude, defined here as the speed at which a student learns, and then using this measurement to predict the speed at which each student will learn the next skill before beginning. Observing a dataset of 21 skills, we compare two methods of predicting aptitude to majority class predictions at the skill level. Our results illustrate how our proposed methods exhibit different strengths in predicting student aptitude when compared to majority class, and may be used to direct attention to a struggling student before attempting a new skill.
O sirolimus é um fármaco conhecido para o stent farmacológico, mas é um novo fármaco para o balão farmacológico

o afarmacologico l ba e um dos dispositivos pro -missores para resolver as necessidades nao aten -didas do tratamento atual das doencas cardio-vasculares por meio de cateteres. Na Europa, ja foram aprovados baloes farmacologicos de varios fabricantes para uso na pratica clinica diaria e diversas evidencias, tanto no tratamento da doenca vascular periferica como na doenca arterial coronaria, tem sido publicadas.
Nutrient Profiles and Volatile Odorous Compounds of Raw Milk After Exposure to Electron Beam Pasteurizing Doses

Raw milk is known to contain relatively high numbers of microorganisms, some of which include microbial pathogens. Electron beam (eBeam) processing is a nonthermal pasteurization food processing technology. The underlying hypothesis was that eBeam processing will not negatively influence the composition, nutrient content, and aroma profile of raw milk. Raw milk samples were exposed to eBeam doses of 1 and 2 kGy, since our studies had shown that 2 kGy is suitable for raw milk pasteurization. The untreated and eBeam-treated raw milk samples were analyzed to detect changes in lactose, vitamin B2 , vitamin B12 , and calcium concentrations. The possible breakdown of casein and whey proteins and lipid oxidation were investigated along with the formation of volatile aroma compounds. Even though vitamin B2 showed a 31.6% decrease in concentration, the B2 content in eBeam-pasteurized raw milk met all USDA nutritional guidelines. Even though there were no indications of lipid oxidation after the 2.0-kGy eBeam treatment, there was lipid oxidation (58%) after 7 d of refrigerated storage. However, based on the GC-olfactory analysis, the lipid oxidation did not necessarily result in the development of a wide variety of off-odors.
Quantitative Comparisons of Large Numbers of Human Plasma Samples Using TMT10plex Labeling

One strategy for improving the throughput of human plasma proteomic discovery analysis while maintaining good depth of analysis is to multiplex using isobaric tags. At present, the greatest multiplexing that is commercially available uses the TMT10plex kit. As an example of this approach, we describe efficient shotgun discovery proteomics of large numbers of human plasma to identify potential biomarkers. In the analysis strategy, a common pooled reference was used to enable comparisons across multiple experiments. Duplicate samples showed excellent overall reproducibility across different TMT experiments. Data filters that improved the quality of individual peptide and protein quantitation included using a filter for purity of the targeted precursor ion in the isolation window and using only unique peptides.
Communicating correlated sources over multi-user channels

A new coding technique, based on fixed block-length codes, is proposed for the problems of communicating a pair of correlated sources over (i) a 2-user multiple access channel (MAC) and (ii) a 2-user interference channel. Its performance is analyzed to derive a new set of sufficient conditions for both problems. The derived conditions are proven to be strictly less binding than the current known best. Our findings are inspired by Dueck's example [1].
Mouthguard-based wireless high-bandwidth helmet-mounted inertial measurement system

Abstract Characterizing head impacts in athletic and occupational settings requires the evaluation of accelerations of the head. Often athletic and occupational scenarios with a heightened risk of head injury or impact already utilize helmet and/or mouthguard hardware. We present a device which relies on existing safety equipment to implement a mouthguard-based inertial measurement device. This device uses high-bandwidth spatially-separated single axis accelerometers and a helmet-mounted data collection and transmission system to record and report accelerations of the head with a measurement bandwidth and resolution that exceeds existing mouthguard-based inertial measurement systems. The device is capable of recording data for the duration of an athletic event (∼3 h) and transmitting impact events wirelessly to a receiver unit outside of the field of play, allowing for the real-time monitoring and recording of head impact events.
An evaluation of YouTube in disseminating dementia knowledge to older Chinese in Britain

Chinese immigrants may dismiss pathological decline of dementia as part of normal aging (Woo and Mehta, 2017). While the internet may be a source of health information for Chinese immigrants, the quality of online dementia information was lower in Chinese than in English (Tsiang and Woo, 2017). Recent studies have demonstrated feasibility of YouTube videos in disseminating health information to the Chinese-speaking general public (Lam et al., 2017; Zheng and Woo, 2017). Therefore, we evaluated the performance of YouTube in targeting Chinese-speaking individuals in Britain who are in the high risk age group (e.g. aged 55 years and above) of developing dementia.
Non cell adhesive photopolymerized cross-linked layers (I): synthesis and characterization.

The aim of this study is to design an effective hydrogel, which has good potential for application in the field of tissue regeneration. Ultimately, the polymeric biomaterial will be used as a bottom, non-cell adhering layer of a polymeric scaffold, which will inhibit the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblast cells. A series of terpolymer hydrogels were prepared from MMA/HPOEM/MePOEM monomers based on varying formulations. The gels were polymerized via free radical polymerization under UV and characterized by TGA, DSC and FTIR studies. Furthermore, the double bond conversion, gel content and swelling properties of the polymer were analyzed and correlated to its crosslinking density, which revealed details about the hydrogel's character. Finally, cell culture experiments were used to compare the UV-cured polymer to its thermally derived non-functionalized polymer of the same formulation. Inverted optical microscopy was used to demonstrate cell-resistance of both materials with respect to a control Tissue Culture PolyStyrene plate.
IMPURITY TRAPPING IN NOMINALLY UNDOPED GaAs/AIGaAs QUANTUM WELLS

We report on extrinsic impurity-related emissions in low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements on nominally undoped AIGaAs/GaAs quantum well (QW) structures. The impurity binding energies determined from the spectra are in quantitative agreement with the comprehensive calculations by Masselink et al. for binding energies of carbon acceptors as a function of well width and of acceptor position in the well. The carbon atoms mainly accumulate near the inverted QW interface in first-grown wells. The extrinsic PL intensity correlates with the thickness of the AlGaAs layer grown prior to the test QW and the intrinsic PL line width, i.e. the interface roughness. The intrinsic line width tends to saturate at high extrinsic PL intensities. We established a quantitative dependence of extrinsic PL suppression on the thickness of GaAs prelayers.
Nerve Sparing Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Assessment of Clinical and Technical Factors Impacting Recovery of Sexual Function

In this chapter we discuss cavernous neuroanatomy, pathophysiological mechanisms of nerve injury, and strategies to minimize damage. We summarize our surgical technique for cautery-free robotic prostatectomy with an emphasis on minimally invasive traction neurovascular bundle dissection and report on potency outcomes.
Medication Appropriateness in Vulnerable Older Adults: Healthy Skepticism of Appropriate Polypharmacy

Older adults are prescribed a growing number of medications. Polypharmacy, commonly considered the receipt of five or more medications, is associated with a range of adverse outcomes. There is a debate about the reason(s) why. On one side is the assertion that older persons are being prescribed too many medications, with the number of medications increasing the risk of adverse events. On the other side is the observation that polypharmacy is associated both with overprescribing of inappropriate medications and underprescribing of appropriate medications. This leads to the concept of "inappropriate" vs "appropriate" polypharmacy, with the latter resulting from the prescription of many correct medications to persons with multiple chronic conditions. Few studies have examined the health outcomes associated with adding and/or removing medications to address this debate directly. The criteria used to identify underutilized medications are based on results of randomized controlled trials that may not be generalizable to older adults. Several randomized controlled trials and many more observational studies provide evidence that these criteria overestimate medication benefits and underestimate harms. In addition, evidence suggests that the marginal effects of medications added to an already complex regimen differ from their effects when considered individually. Although in selected circumstances adding medications results in benefit to patients, patients with multimorbidity and frailty/disability have susceptibilities that can decrease the likelihood of medication benefit and increase the likelihood of harms. The identification of appropriate polypharmacy requires more robust criteria to evaluate the net effects of complex medication regimens.
The addition of .gamma.-(trimethylsilyl)allylboronates to imines

The addition of γ-(trimethylsilyl) allylboronates to imines is described and compared with the addition of simple allylboronates to imines. The addition of γ-(trimethylsilyl) allylboronates to imines is found to be more efficient than the addition of simple allylboronates to imines. The stereoselectivity is dependant upon the nature of the imine; imines derived from aromatic aldehydes give anti products and imines derived from aliphatic aldehydes give syn products. Proof of stereochemistry was established by conversion of the anti and syn derivatives to their respective Z- and E-dienes by a methylation/E-2 elimination process. With α-alkoxy aldehydes the reaction proceeds with excellent selectivity giving the product of Felkin-Ahn addition
Cryotherapy and Electrodesiccation & Curettage for Basal Cell Carcinoma

Surgical therapy (ST) including surgical excision (SE) and Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) are generally the preferred treatment options for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in those who can tolerate surgery given that ST allows the posttreatment histologic confirmation of tumor clearance and has been shown to have higher efficacy and lower recurrence rates (RRs) compared to nonsurgical treatment modalities. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) 2018 Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for BCC recommendations on treatment vary based on tumor risk stratification. For the primary treatment of low-risk BCCs, the NCCN recommends electrodesiccation and curettage (ED&C) in non-hair-bearing areas, standard excision with 4 mm clinical margins with postoperative margin assessment, or radiotherapy (RT) for nonsurgical candidates.
Spectral Analysis of Airgun Pulses During Marine Seismic Reflection Surveys

Marine seismic reflection surveys use acoustic energy to image the structure of the seafloor. Broadband impulsive sound signals are generated by an array of airguns and recorded by single or multiple long horizontal hydrophone arrays towed behind a vessel. The high sound intensity of airgun signals can have impacts on marine mammals that communicate in the same frequency ranges. Characterizing the propagation of different spectral contents of airgun pulses is important for mitigating any potential impact of airgun pulses on marine mammals. This study takes a data-driven approach to characterize the sound levels at different one-third-octave bands radiated from a seismic source during a seismic reflection survey. Data utilized in this study are from the COAST (Cascadia Open-Access Seismic Transects) seismic reflection survey conducted with the R/V Langseth in July 2012. This experiment was conducted in the NE Pacific Ocean and spanned a wide range of water depths between 41 m to 9670 m. These measurements are used to perform a statistical spectral analysis of the airgun pulses propagating behind the seismic source.
Use of prophylactic closed incision negative pressure therapy is associated with reduced surgical site infections in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy.

Background Surgical site infection after surgery for gynecologic cancer increases morbidity. Prophylactic closed incision negative pressure therapy has shown promise in reducing infectious wound complications across many surgical disciplines. Objective This study aimed to determine whether closed incision negative pressure therapy is associated with reduced surgical site infections in gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy compared with standard dressings. Study Design This was a retrospective case-control study of patients undergoing laparotomy for known or suspected gynecologic cancer from Jan. 1, 2017, to Feb. 1, 2020. Patients were matched in a 1:3 ratio (closed incision negative pressure therapy to standard dressing) by body mass index, age, diabetes, bowel surgery, smoking, and steroid use. Surgical site infection was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariable logistic regression using backward selection was performed. Results Of the 1223 eligible patients undergoing laparotomy, 64 (5.2%) received closed incision negative pressure therapy dressings and were matched to 192 (15.7%) controls. There were no differences in medical comorbidities (P>.05), site or stage of malignancy (P>.05), duration of surgery (P=.82), or surgical procedures (P>.05). Use of closed incision negative pressure therapy was associated with reduction in all adverse wound outcomes (20.3% vs 40.1%; P Conclusion Use of prophylactic closed incision negative pressure therapy after laparotomy in gynecologic oncology patients was found to be associated with reduced superficial incisional and deep incisional infections compared with standard dressings. Furthermore, closed incision negative pressure therapy was associated with reduction in all other adverse wound outcomes. Closed incision negative pressure therapy may be considered for surgical site infection prevention in high-risk gynecologic oncology patients undergoing laparotomy.
Post-weaning social isolation increases ΔFosB/FosB protein expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in mice

Abstract Social isolation is a growing public health concern across the lifespan. Specifically, isolation early in life, during critical periods of brain development, increases the risk of psychiatric disorders later in life. Previous studies of isolation models in mice have shown distinct neurological abnormalities in various regions of the brain, but the mechanism linking the experience of isolation to these phenotypes is unclear. In this study, we show that ΔFosB, a long-lived transcription factor associated with chronic stress responses and drug-induced neuroplasticity, is upregulated in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of adult C57BL/6J mice isolated for two weeks post-weaning. Additionally, a related transcription factor, FosB, is also increased in the medial prefrontal cortex in socially isolated females. These results show that short-term isolation during the critical post-weaning period has long-lasting and sex-dependent effects on gene expression in brain.
Game-Theoretic Analysis of Cyber Deception

Deception is a technique to mislead humans or computer systems by manipulating beliefs and information. For the applications of cyber deception, noncooperative games become a natural choice of models to capture the adversarial interactions between the players, and quantitatively characterize the conflicting incentives and strategic responses. In this chapter, we provide an overview of deception games in three different environments and extend the baseline signaling game models to include evidence through side‐channel knowledge acquisition to capture the information asymmetry, dynamics, and strategic behaviors of deception. We analyze the deception in binary information space based on signaling game framework with a detector that gives off probabilistic evidence of the deception when the sender acts deceptively. We then focus on a class of continuous one‐dimensional information space and take into account the cost of deception in the signaling game. We finally explore the multistage incomplete‐information Bayesian game model for defensive deception for advanced persistent threats (APTs). We use the perfect Bayesian Nash equilibrium (PBNE) as the solution concept for the deception games and analyze the strategic equilibrium behaviors for both the deceivers and the deceivees.
Scaling Analysis of Thermal-Hydraulic Integral Systems: Insights from Practical Applications and Recent Advancements

Integral systems test (IST) facilities, which are sometimes referred to as integral effects tests (IETs), play a key role in the design, assessment, and certification of innovative reactor designs....
Assessment of Postprostatectomy Radiotherapy as Adjuvant or Salvage Therapy in Patients With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

Importance After radical prostatectomy, adverse pathologic features and postoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels can herald disease recurrence or progression. Postoperative radiotherapy (RT) remains beneficial in this setting. Objective To examine the evidence supporting the use of postoperative RT as well as recent advances that help determine timing, scope, and use in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with or without lymphatic irradiation. Evidence Review A search was conducted of Medline (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), and the Cochrane Library (Wiley) databases, in addition to clinical trial registries. The reference list of included studies was reviewed for relevant articles. The search was limited to studies published between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019. Findings After 548 citations were screened, 27 articles were selected for inclusion. In addition to conventional imaging, positron-emission tomographic (PET)–based radiotracers can aid in disease localization. While PET imaging may influence management with RT, studies are underway examining this issue, and several limitations must be considered, such as limited detectability at lower PSA levels and regional sensitivity. Available genomic classifiers can risk stratify patients or assess potential added benefit of RT. Prospective validation is underway with cooperative group trials. Adjuvant RT, on the basis of adverse pathologic features (such as extraprostatic extension or positive margins) is beneficial in terms of disease control, but it is unclear whether this therapy translates into more meaningful clinical benefit (eg, improved overall survival and a reduction in metastasis), which has been demonstrated by only 1 older, prospective randomized study. Preliminary data suggest that for a relatively favorable-risk population (low Gleason score but with positive margins), PSA monitoring may be a reasonable alternative in some men. Use of androgen deprivation therapy and lymphatic irradiation should be considered in higher-risk cohorts (those with high PSA, high Gleason score, seminal vesicle invasion or node positivity) in conjunction with postoperative RT. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this review suggest that postprostatectomy RT should be considered for men with prostate cancer in the setting of adverse pathologic features; in carefully selected patients with favorable characteristics, close PSA monitoring is an option. Androgen deprivation therapy and pelvic lymphatic irradiation should be considered for higher risk cohorts (eg, higher PSA values, higher Gleason score). PET imaging and molecular studies remain unproven as decision tools.
AML-243: Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin plus Standard Chemotherapy Carries a Comparable Burden of Hospitalization Compared with Standard Chemotherapy Alone in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Context For patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), adding fractionated dosing of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) to standard chemotherapy (SC) has resulted in improved outcomes. Such combination therapies may be perceived to increase the hospitalization burden (i.e., increasing either hospital admissions or length-of-hospital-stay [LOS]). Objective To evaluate whether adding GO to SC is associated with an increased hospitalization burden. Design In this phase 3 open-label trial, patients were enrolled between January 2008 and November 2010, and randomized 1:1 to GO+SC or SC alone. Data shown are for the safety reporting period (up to 28 days after last dose of study treatment). Setting Multicenter study conducted in France. Patients Patients were aged 50-70 years, had treatment-naive AML, and received fractionated-dose GO+SC (n=131) or SC alone (n=137) in the ALFA-0701 trial ( NCT00927498 ). Interventions Induction: 3+7 daunorubicin+cytarabine with/without GO 3 mg/m2 on days 1,4, 7. Consolidation: 2 courses with/without GO 3 mg/m2 on day 1. Main outcome measures Primary outcomes were previously published. In this post hoc analysis, we compared number of hospital admissions (planned or unplanned) and LOS with GO+SC vs SC, in the as-treated population and by treatment phase (induction vs consolidation). Results The mean number of hospital admissions was identical for GO+SC vs SC (2.9), with no significant difference in mean LOS (10.9 vs 10.0 weeks, p=0.16). Similarly, the mean number of intensive care unit admissions was 1.1 vs 1.0 for GO+SC vs SC, with mean LOS 1.25 vs 1.54 weeks, p=0.71. For patients receiving induction chemotherapy (including second induction/salvage), no significant difference was seen in LOS between GO+SC vs SC (mean 6.1 vs 5.6 weeks, p=0.64). For patients receiving consolidation chemotherapy (n=97 in each treatment arm), no significant difference was seen in mean LOS (6.5 vs 6.1 weeks for GO+SC vs SC, p=0.42). Conclusions This analysis shows that, in the ALFA-0701 trial, adding GO to SC for frontline AML did not significantly alter the associated hospitalization burden. Adding GO to SC is therefore not expected to increase healthcare resource utilization or related costs. Sponsor Pfizer.
Thermal stability of additively manufactured austenitic 304L ODS alloy

Abstract Thermal stability and high-temperature mechanical properties of a 304L austenitic oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy manufactured via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are examined in this work. Additively manufactured 304L ODS alloy samples were aged at temperatures of 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C for 100 h in an argon atmosphere. Microstructure characterization of LPBF 304L ODS alloy before and after the thermal stability experiments revealed that despite the annihilation of dislocations, induced cellular substructure by the LPBF process was partially retained in the ODS alloy even after aging at 1200 °C. The size of Y-Si-O nanoparticles after aging at 1200 °C increased from 25 to 50 nm. EBSD analysis revealed that nanoparticles retained the microstructure of LPBF 304L ODS and hindered recrystallization and further grain growth. At 600 °C and 800 °C, the yield stress of the 290 and 145 MPa were measured, respectively, which are substantially higher than 113 MPa, and 68 MPa for 304L at the same temperatures. Furthermore, the creep properties of LPBF 304L ODS alloy were evaluated at a temperature of 700 °C under three applied stresses of 70, 85, and 100 MPa yielding a stress exponent (n) of ∼7.7; the minimum creep rate at 100 MPa was found to be about two orders of magnitude lower than found in the literature for wrought 304L stainless steel.
Improving bayesian posterior correlation analysis on type Ia supernova luminosity evolution

Much of the cosmological utility thus far extracted from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) relies on the assumption that SN~Ia peak luminosities do not evolve significantly with the age (local or global) of their stellar environments. Two recent studies have provided conflicting results in evaluating the validity of this assumption, with one finding no correlation between Hubble residuals (HR) and stellar environment age, while the other claims a significant correlation. In this Letter we perform an independent reanalysis that rectifies issues with the statistical methods employed by both of the aforementioned studies. Our analysis follows a principled approach that properly accounts for regression dilution and critically (and unlike both prior studies) utilises the Bayesian-model-produced SN environment age estimates (posterior samples) instead of point estimates. Moreover, the posterior is used as an informative prior in the regression. We find the Pearson correlation between the HR and local (global) age to be in excess of $4\sigma$ ($3\sigma$). Assuming there exists a linear relationship between HR and local (global) age, we find a corresponding slope of $-0.035 \pm 0.007\,\mathrm{mag\,Gyr}^{-1}$ ($-0.036 \pm 0.007\,\mathrm{mag\,Gyr}^{-1}$). We encourage further usage of our approach to examine possible cosmological implications of the HR and age correlation.
Characterization of estrogen receptor-low-positive breast cancer.

The biology of breast cancer with a low expression level (1–10%) of estrogen receptor (ER) remains a matter of confusion. The recent American Society of Oncology/College of American Pathologist Guidelines have recommended reporting such tumors as a new “ER-low-positive” category with a recommended comment to emphasize the possible overall benefit of endocrine therapies in these patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of ER-low-positive breast cancers. We characterized the clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes of ER-low-positive breast cancers in our 4179 patients diagnosed from 1998 to 2018. The ER-positive, ER-low-positive, and ER-negative cases in our cohort were 2982 (71.4%), 97 (2.3%), and 1100 (26.3%), respectively. ER-low-positive tumors showed similar clinicopathologic characteristics yet significantly superior prognosis when compared to ER-negative tumors, while demonstrated largely overlapping survival outcomes with ER-positive tumors in the entire cohort. In the subcohort of tumors with a PR-positive phenotype, the prognosis of ER-low-positive tumors was intermediate between that of the ER-positive and ER-negative groups. ER-low-positive/PR-positive tumors had a significantly worse prognosis than ER-positive tumors, and a trend toward favorable survival outcomes when compared to ER-negative tumors, although no significant difference was identified for the latter. In contrast, the ER-positive and ER-low-positive groups showed similar survival outcomes in the subset of tumors with a PR-negative status, both being significantly better than ER-negative tumors. PR status as a surrogate marker of functional ER signaling provides critical information in this regard. These findings suggest that while ER-low-positive tumors are themselves heterogeneous, they often respond to endocrine treatment. Analysis of molecular signatures and standardization of therapeutic strategies are important to understand the biology of ER-low-positive tumors and to enable optimal treatment in the pursuit of individualized medicine.
61 Real-time Burn Outpatient Virtual Visits in the Home During the Era of COVID-19

Introduction The majority of burn injured patients travel long distances to receive burn care from regional burn centers, creating a burden on families and impairing outcomes Recent federal policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have relaxed some of the barriers to virtual visits in the non-health care setting We sought to review the experience of a comprehensive burn program in managing burn patients with a virtual platform Methods A clinical quality database was maintained to evaluate virtual videoconference and in-person clinic visits for a comprehensive adult and pediatric burn program during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 to August 2020) Virtual visits utilized a telemedicine platform that employs real-time audio and video communication Demographic, burn severity, and visit quality data were recorded Zip code data was also collected and then used to calculate the following estimated savings for the patient and their family: total miles, travel hours, driving costs, and wages Results A total of 145 patients were included in this study with 96 (66 2%) male and 49 (33 7%) female 91 (62 8%) were pediatric patients with a mean age of 6 2 ± 0 5 years and 54 (37 2%) were adult patients with a mean age of 40 4 ± 2 5 years There were 320 total burn outpatient follow-up visits with 199 pediatric visits (40 virtual and 159 in-person) and 121 adult visits (24 virtual and 97 in-person) The majority of patients (73 1%) were treated as in-person visits while 6 9% had purely virtual visits, and 20 0% of patients had both virtual and in-person visits The following savings were associated with virtual visits: 8562 6 total miles (average 133 8 ± 42 4), $6789 29 total driving cost (average $106 08 ± 33 61), 161 5 total travel hours (average 2 5 ± 0 7), and $4758 42 total wages lost to travel (average $74 35 ± 21 43) Technical issues were only reported in 14% of total visits (2 5% of pediatric virtual visits and 33 3% of adult virtual visits) Conclusions Outpatient virtual visits for burn care are a new frontier, driven by improvements in technology and reduced barriers to reimbursement This study demonstrates that virtual visits are associated with major financial and temporal benefits for patients and their families Technical issues remain an important barrier, particularly in the adult population A clear understanding of this and other barriers may improve implementation of this new healthcare delivery paradigm
Study on energy dispatch strategy of active distribution network using chance-constrained programming

Active distribution network has gradually become the important direction of the future smart power grid. It plays an important role in increasing capability of renewable energy accommodation, improving the power utilization level and realizing the flexible intelligent distribution network management. The active distribution network energy management system(DMSs), which is the highest decision-making center of active distribution network, uses effective controlling and scheduling of the distributed power to guarantee global optimization operation of distribution network. This paper aims to improve the economy and reliability of the active distribution network. As the wind power and photovoltaic power generation have uncertainty, it uses random simulation technique and the penalty function method, based on the chance-constrained programming to establish a energy scheduling mathematical model, which has wind turbines, photovoltaic power generation unit and the active power energy storage device. Considering various constraint conditions, the model uses the improved particle swarm algorithm to solve. In order to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the provided model, an actual system in a certain area is used as an example and the standard particle swarm algorithm is compared.
Revolution Retold: What a Gender Lens Tells Us about the Cuban Insurrection

A photo by Spanish photojournalist Enrique Meneses portrays Fidel Castro reclining in a guerrilla camp at night, reading by candlelight. With the caption “Fidel Castro in the Sierra Maestra,” he is framed as the subject of this photo. But what caught my eye and my imagination is the woman to his right, who sits beside him, head bowed, holding the candle for Fidel to read by. Who is she? Meneses does not tell us. In all likelihood, she is a bit actor who played a minor role in the insurrection. But without her and many more like her, Fidel would never have succeeded. This book is, in part, a people's history of the Cuban insurrection. The focus is principally but not exclusively upon women, whose history of activism has been acknowledged but remains largely unexplored. Given the spotlight trained upon Fidel Castro and Che Guevara, and to a lesser extent other rebel leaders, a focus that includes rank and file women forces one off the literature's center stage to inquire about those who held the candle for Fidel to read by, smuggled messages down the mountain, planted bombs in theaters, or hid rebels in their home. These are decidedly not the bearded rebels romanticized (or vilified) in the literature. Indeed, some guerrilla combatants were women. Such women combatants inform the post-1958 Cuban official historical narrative, the Cuban War Story central to the construction of the New Woman in the new revolutionary society. But the attention to armed combatants – men and women alike – obscures two essential elements of the insurrection. First, as this study makes clear, insurrections are not only won or lost through bullets and battlefield heroics but through the more mundane tasks that women and lower-status men perform. Second, the Cuban War Story featuring guerrilla warfare obscures the battle for hearts and minds. The Castro-led July 26 Movement (M-26-7) put considerable effort into this latter battle, and women were central as both strategists and gendered subjects. This foray into a women's history of the Cuban insurrection aims not only to right the past wrongs of women's exclusion, important as that is.
Hybrid 3d-2d Deep Learning For Detection Of Neovascularage-Related Macular Degeneration Using Optical Coherence Tomography B-Scans And Angiography Volumes

With the availability and increasing reliance on the noninvasive Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography(OCTA) imaging technique for detection of vascular diseases of the retina,suchasage-related macular degeneration(AMD),clinicians now have access to more data than they can effectively parse and digest. Artificial intelligence in the form of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown successful detection of AMDvs. no AMD from fundus images as well as from OCT structural images. In this work, we address an ovel classification problem: automated detection of late stage of the disease, neovascular AMD, visualized through presence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and its sequelae. We describe hybrid 3D-2D CNNs that achieve accuracy up to 77.8% at multi-class categorical classification of non-AMD eyes, eyes having non-neovascular AMD, and eyes having neovascular AMD, offering a first-of-its-kind deep learning approach for differentiating progression in AMD.
The relevance of indigenous knowledge in conserving natural forests in the face of modernisation: The case of Makete District, Southern Highlands of Tanzania

In pre-colonial Africa, Indigenous Knowledge (IK) was very effective in conserving natural forests because it was free from the current challenges. Therefore, this paper assesses effectiveness and sustainability of IK in conserving natural forests. It also examines the impact of modernisation on IK. The study employed mixed research methods to triangulate information. Thus, the data were collected through in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), field observation and household survey. The study composed of 242 respondents, of whom 88 respondents participated in in-depth interview and FGDs, whereas 154 respondents participated in a household survey. The study found that IK lost its power hence affecting its effectiveness in conserving natural forests. Modernisation and missionary religion played a central role in weakening the power of IK. It was further found that the relevance and sustainability of IK was questionable because IK faces many challenges, which threaten its existence. Therefore, the study recommends that to ensure the sustainability of IK, there is a need for elders to transfer IK to young generation based on the local environment. It is also imperative for the government to take part in conserving forests owned by clans. This is because IK has lost the power, which contributed in conserving natural forests.
Study protocol for a type III hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial of strategies to implement firearm safety promotion as a universal suicide prevention strategy in pediatric primary care.

Insights from behavioral economics, or how individuals’ decisions and behaviors are shaped by finite cognitive resources (e.g., time, attention) and mental heuristics, have been underutilized in efforts to increase the use of evidence-based practices in implementation science. Using the example of firearm safety promotion in pediatric primary care, which addresses an evidence-to-practice gap in universal suicide prevention, we aim to determine: is a less costly and more scalable behavioral economic-informed implementation strategy (i.e., “Nudge”) powerful enough to change clinician behavior or is a more intensive and expensive facilitation strategy needed to overcome implementation barriers? The Adolescent and child Suicide Prevention in Routine clinical Encounters (ASPIRE) hybrid type III effectiveness-implementation trial uses a longitudinal cluster randomized design. We will test the comparative effectiveness of two implementation strategies to support clinicians’ use of an evidence-based firearm safety practice, S.A.F.E. Firearm, in 32 pediatric practices across two health systems. All pediatric practices in the two health systems will receive S.A.F.E. Firearm materials, including training and cable locks. Half of the practices (k = 16) will be randomized to receive Nudge; the other half (k = 16) will be randomized to receive Nudge plus 1 year of facilitation to target additional practice and clinician implementation barriers (Nudge+). The primary implementation outcome is parent-reported clinician fidelity to the S.A.F.E Firearm program. Secondary implementation outcomes include reach and cost. To understand how the implementation strategies work, the primary mechanism to be tested is practice adaptive reserve, a self-report practice-level measure that includes relationship infrastructure, facilitative leadership, sense-making, teamwork, work environment, and culture of learning. The ASPIRE trial will integrate implementation science and behavioral economic approaches to advance our understanding of methods for implementing evidence-based firearm safety promotion practices in pediatric primary care. The study answers a question at the heart of many practice change efforts: which strategies are sufficient to support change, and why? Results of the trial will offer valuable insights into how best to implement evidence-based practices that address sensitive health matters in pediatric primary care. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04844021 . Registered 14 April 2021.
Management of Fetal Arrhythmias

Prompt recognition and treatment of hemodynamically significant fetal arrhythmias is paramount to achieving an optimal outcome. As our diagnostic capabilities expand, there is ample opportunity to improve management strategies including initiating targeted therapy based on mechanism of fetal arrhythmia identified on fetal echocardiogram and/or fetal ECG/MCG. The most recent advancements in diagnostic capabilities using fetal ECG/MCG have allowed for risk stratification of fetuses with or at risk for fetal long QT syndrome. Home fetal heart rate monitoring and its importance in management of fetal atrioventricular block pose great promise in altering the guarded prognosis that currently exists for these patients. The spectrum of fetal arrhythmias is substantial. Current ongoing prospective clinical trials will add invaluable information regarding the ideal antiarrhythmic agent for fetal tachyarrhythmias as well as the most effective management protocol to halt the progression to autoimmune-mediated complete atrioventricular block. Wider appreciation of the fetus at risk for arrhythmias and the ensuing evaluation by fMCG and surveillance by echocardiography and adjunct tools will improve both pre- and postnatal outcomes.
Identifying cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genes induced in response to Aspergillus flavus infection

Development of aflatoxin-resistant cotton against Aspergillus flavus is handicapped by the lack of resistance source in available germplasm. Genetic engineering warrants for identification of resistance-associated genes in cotton. As a first step toward this, we isolated 44 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to A. flavus infection, using annealing control primer system. Different functional classification of the DEGs suggested a complex and multi-factorial plant–fungus interaction. Eight DEGs, including transcription factors, kinase, and downstream stress responsive genes, showed a tissue- and time-dependent differences in their expression. The upregulated genes can be used as transgenes and/or functional markers for breeding aflatoxin-resistant cottonseed.