cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spectra and structure of silicon-containing compounds. XXX. Raman and infrared spectra, conformational stability, vibrational assignment of chloromethyl silyl dichloride.

Abstract The Raman spectra (3200–30 cm−1) of liquid and solid, and infrared spectra of gaseous and solid chloromethyl silyl dichloride, ClCH2SiHCl2, have been recorded. Variable temperature (−105 to −150 °C) studies of the infrared spectra of the sample dissolved in liquid krypton have been carried out. From these data, the enthalpy difference was determined to be 363±40 cm−1 (4.34±0.48 kJ mol−1), with the more stable form being the gauche conformer, which is consistent with the prediction from ab initio calculations at both the Hartree-Fock level and with full electron correlation by the perturbation method to second order. It is estimated that 92% of the sample is in the gauche form at ambient temperature. A complete vibrational assignment is proposed for the gauche conformer and several of fundamentals of the trans conformer based on infrared band contours, relative intensities, depolarization values, and group frequencies, which is supported by normal coordinate calculations utilizing the force constants from the ab initio MP2/6-31G(d) calculations. The r0 SiH bond distances of 1.476 and 1.472 A have been obtained for the trans and gauche conformers, respectively, from the silicon–hydrogen stretching frequencies. The optimized geometries have also been obtained from ab initio calculations utilizing several different basis sets with full electron correlation by the perturbation method up to MP2/6-311+G(2d,2p). The results are discussed and compared to some corresponding results for several related molecules.
Bayesian analysis of time-domain Voigt functions

Abstract We demonstrate the use of Bayesian analysis methods for the extraction of information from time-domain Voigt functions. In several forms of time-domain spectroscopy the physically interesting spectrum consists of a single exponentially decaying function. Often, however, this spectrum is contaminated by the presence of a non-exponentially decaying “instrumental” contribution. Here we demonstrate the use of Bayesian analysis to extract the exponential term from a Voigt function in which the instrumental contribution has been modeled by a Gaussian decay. The extension to other instrumental contributions is straightforward.
Inhibition of Hormonal Activation of Hepatic Phosphorylase by Chlorpropamide: Evidence for an Intracellular Site of Drug Action*

Phosphorylase a activity was measured in hepatocytes from fed rats, some of which received ip chlorpropamide injections for 5 days preceding death (20 mg/100 g BW-day for 5 days). Chlorpropamide treatment significantly depressed basal phosphorylase a activity and lessened the increments in the activity of this enzyme induced by 10-10-10-8 M glucagon and arginine vasopressin. The reductions in phosphorylase a activity after treatment with chlorpropamide were more than sufficient to explain the accompanying decreases in hepatic glucose production. Since glucagon and arginine vasopressin stimulate alternate pathways of phosphorylase activation and since chlorpropamide antagonizes both hormones, it is likely that the drug acts at or distal to the intracellular site (phosphorylase kinase) at which the two activation pathways converge. (Endocrinology 116: 660- 664,1985)
Relative Permeabilities of Surfactant/Steam/Water Systems

Surfactants are now being used in field application to help reduce the flow of steam into more permeable zones during steamflooding operations. Despite the increasing interest, little is known about how surfactants function to reduce the permeability to steam nor how surfactants are transported from the wellbore into the formation. An important aspect in helping resolve these issues is the relative permeabilities to both steam and water. In this paper the relative permeabilities to both steam and water in the presence of two surfactants are reported. One important finding is that the steam saturation at residual increases with increasing surfactant concentration for the systems studied and the relative permeabilities to steam are shifted but the general shape of the curves is not changed. Unlike previous findings for gas-liquid systems, the relative permeability to water has been found to increase with increasing surfactant concentration rather than remain constant. While the mechanism responsible for this unexpected finding is not understood, the experimental trends are well defined. Considerable attention has been devoted to the design of the experimental apparatus. Calculations are presented which show that heat exchange with the environment can, in the absence of surfactants, give rise to both flow dependent relativemore » permeabilities and abnormally low residual steam saturations. These same calculations also indicated that more reliable results may be obtained if the core is well insulated even though it is in a well controlled thermal environment. In the absence of surfactant the relative permeabilities to both steam and water in Berea sandstone were found to be similar, although not identical, to oil-water relative permeabilities.« less
On consistency of conjectures in the private provision of public goods

Abstract This paper shows that the condition recently given by Cornes and Sandler for consistency of conjectures in a non-Nash model of voluntary public good provision is neither necessary nor sufficient. It gives an alternative condition which is both necessary and sufficient for consistency of conjectures and may be used to compute appropriate conjectural variations in communities of arbitrary size if a symmetric equilibrium exists.
Low-Speed Slip Flow Over a Wedge

The problem of low-speed slip flow of a rarefied gas over a wedge has been solved using Meksyn’s asymptotic method of integrating the boundary-layer equations. Detailed results are given for slip velocity and developing velocity profiles for various wedge angles. The solution tends far downstream asymptotically to the Falkner and Skan profiles of conventional nonslip flow. In addition, the first correction to the skin friction due to velocity slip is found to be of the order of the first power of the molecular mean free path of the gas.
Comparison of two state observer design algorithms

There are two contributions of this note. First, it clarifies and unifies the two design approaches which will generate the general state observer and the identity state observer, respectively. Especially for the first approach, even a very recent paper failed to clarify it. Second, this note shows that due to computational error, the general state observer will have an estimation error while the identity state observer will have an error in its desired poles.
Race-specific relationship of birth weight and renal function among healthy young children.

Background Low birth weight is associated with diminished renal function. However, despite African Americans being at increased risk of low birth weight and chronic kidney disease, little is known about the association between birth weight and renal function in diverse groups. We examined racial differences in the relationship of birth weight and renal function among healthy young children.
Arabic evidence for the formation of the verbal noun of the Semitic GT-stem

Bien qu'il existe de nombreuses preuves appuyant l'idee selon laquelle la langue semitique ancestrale possederait un radical verbal qui deriverait du radical de base en g- a l'aide du marqueur mediopassif -t-, il subsiste des desaccords considerables en ce qui concerne les regles gouvernant les details morphologiques de ce radical en Gt- dans les langues etudiees. En se concentrant plus particulierement sur la formation du nom verbal, l'A. montre que certaines donnees provenant de l'arabe et de l'akkadien reposent sur des regles qui depassent la reglementation morphologique telle que nous la connaissons a l'heure actuelle. Il souligne ainsi que, si ces donnees sont reliees au probleme du nom verbal en Gt-, il faut considerer chacune d'entre elles comme l'indication d'une ancienne strate dans l'histoire grammaticale des langues respectives. En tant que fossiles linguistiques, de telles formes permettent de mieux comprendre le radical en Gt-, en fournissant une perspective alternative a partir de laquelle il est possible d'examiner la morphologie du radical en Gt- et des noms verbaux en general
Resonance Broadening for Wave-Particle and Wave-Wave Turbulence

We propose an approximate but simple and general procedure for treating resonance broadening in weak-turbulence interactions. The resonance-broadening corrections to the wave-particle, wave-wave, nonlinear-Landau-damping, and four-wave weak-turbulence equations are computed as examples. The procedure may be used to predict at the outset whether resonance broadening occurs in a specific higher-order process.
An analytical model for wear applied to the design of total hip prostheses

Abstract A wear model, developed at the Endicott Development Laboratory of I.B.M., has been used to analyze the wear performance of total hip replacement prostheses. The analysis shows that all-metal prostheses are better able to resist significant wear than metal to plastic joints, and indicates the effect of diameter on the wear resistance of all-metal prostheses.
Factors related to the incidence of psychosomatic illness.

Abstract The three-year incidence of psychosomatic illness in a sample of the general population was analyzed in relation to a variety of sociodemographic, cultural, and psychopathologic factors and stressful life events. Persons who were older, female, black, previously married, and of lower socioeconomic status were more likely than others to develop psychosomatic symptoms and conditions, but the risk was significantly higher only in those of lower socioeconomic status. The authors discuss the various factors related to poverty that may contribute to the development of psychosomatic illness.
Measuring stress distribution in pavements using single-mode fiber

Stress distribution inside pavements can be determined by embedding single-mode optical fibers in the pavement. The stress experienced by the fiber, changes the relative index of refraction between two orthogonal components of a polarized light traveling in the fiber. This phenomenon causes a phase delay, which is known as birefringence, between the two orthogonal components. This paper represents the birefringence caused by lateral pressure on concrete and soil pavements.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Pathologic findings in orthodontic radiographic images

Orthodontists routinely use radiography to diagnose malocclusions, plan treatment, and assess progress or the achievement of treatment goals. These films often contain evidence of oral or dentofacial pathology that require dental or medical consultation and treatment. This study is a cross-sectional survey of 396 orthodontic patients under treatment at a single time whose x-ray films were examined for pathologic findings by oral radiologists or treating clinicians. The results showed that more than 6% of these patients had significant findings, some with medical ramifications.
The emerging China–EU space partnership: A geotechnological balancer

Abstract Through a techno-nationalist lens, this paper will assess the growing China–European Union (EU) space partnership, and its implications for international space cooperation and competition. Techno-nationalism ( jishu minzuzhuyi ), the idea that technological strength is an effective determinant of national power in a harshly competitive world, 3 informs both Chinese and US perceptions of China's space development. Using this lens elevates all space activities—manned, unmanned, military and scientific—to the strategic level. It is our contention that because of the increasing China–EU space partnership, the USA must re-evaluate its approach to China—away from the containment approach, which has thus far predominated, toward an approach which would offer the USA the opportunity to influence and, thereby, decrease the importance of the emerging partnership.
A Probabilistic Framework for Prioritizing Wood Pole Inspections Given Pole Geospatial Data

Managing the widely distributed wood pole assets owned by typical electric power utilities in the USA is challenging in the absence of appropriate analytical tools. The traditional method of inspecting poles by headquarters or strictly age is insufficient for effective management since natural hazards cause the largest instantaneous pole replacements. A probabilistic framework is developed and presented in this paper to address this issue. Fragility assessment is conducted using Latin hypercube sampling to estimate pole failure probabilities conditional on wind speed intensities. Failure probability estimates are obtained using age-dependent fragility functions and appropriate distribution functions for maximum 3 s wind gust speeds. Pole locations from an electric power utility's database management system were imported into ArcMap, a component of Environmental Systems Research Institute geospatial processing program. Age distributions were extracted by county and used to estimate expected pole failures. A sort-algorithm on the failures-the inspection order indices gives the proposed appropriate order of pole locations to be inspected. These calculated values were added as a data layer into ArcMap generating a geospatial visualization of both the orders of pole inspections and probabilistic pole loss estimates for the electric utility by counties. Applying the framework will increase utilities' visibility into the vulnerability of their pole plants. Emergency preparedness will also improve, strengthening customer-perception on utilities' maintenance efforts.
Sexual preference in female rats: I. Choices in tests with copulation

A total of 10 females was tested for tendencies to repeat choices of the same four males during tests with copulation. The females were tested on three daily trials once a week for three weeks. The results indicated that the Long-Evans females repeated choices of males slightly in the last trial each day but chose randomly from week to week. The Sprague-Dawley females showed a marked tendency to return to the same males in the last week but chose males randomly when only the trials were considered.
A Line in the Sand: The Anglo-French Struggle for the Middle East, 1914–1948. By James Barr. (New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 2011. Pp. xii, 421. $29.95.)

Editorial Office: Elliott Hall IV, Ohio Wesleyan University;Delaware, OH 43015. Telephone: 740‐368‐3642. Facsimile: 740‐368‐3643.E‐mail Address: brhistor@owu.eduWeb Address: http://go.owu.edu/~brhi...
SUBSTRUCTURE MODEL UPDATING THROUGH ITERATIVE CONVEX OPTIMIZATION

In order to obtain a more accurate finite element (FE) model for a built structure, experimental data collected from the actual structure can be used to update the FE model. This process is known as FE model updating. Numerous FE model updating algorithms have been developed in the past few decades. However, most existing algorithms suffer computational challenges, particularly when applied to a large structure with dense measurements. The reason is these approaches usually operate on a relatively complicated model for the entire structure. To address this issue, a substructure updating approach is presented in this paper. The Craig-Bampton theory is adopted to condense the entire structural model into a substructure (currently being analyzed) and a residual structure. Dynamic response of the residual structure is approximated using only a limited number of dominant mode shapes. To improve the convergence of this substructure approach for model updating, an iterative convex optimization procedure is developed and validated through numerical simulation with a 200 degrees-of-freedom spring-mass model. The proposed substructure model updating is shown to successfully detect the locations and severities of simulated damage.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Membrane Resistances and Electromotive Forces during Stimulation of Chloride Secretion in the Canine Tracheal Epithelium

CHEST, 81: 5, MAY, 1982 SUPPLEMENT LUNG FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS 3S to match that across the apical membrane. Whether secretagogues directly augment Na-K pump activity and/or NaC1 co-transport across the basolateral membrane is not certain at the present time, but the secondary increase in basolateral membrane K permeability which accompanies their action has two effects: first, it provides for increased diffusional K exit from the cell to match the increase in Na-K pump rate so that cell composition is not markedly affected by large changes in transepithelial transport rate. Second, the resulting repolarization of the cell contributes, in an essential fashion, to the driving force for Cl exit from the cell across the apical membrane.
A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED COMPARISON OF FOLEY CATHETER INSERTION VERSUS INTRACERVICAL PROSTAGLANDIN E2 GEL FOR PREINDUCTION CERVICAL RIPENING

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to compare intracervical prostaglandin E 2 gel with insertion of a Foley bulb for efficacy in preinduction cervical ripening. Study Design: Women who came to the hospital for induction of labor with a Bishop score ≤5 were randomly assigned to treatment with either prostaglandin E 2 gel or a Foley bulb. Prostaglandin E 2 gel was used according to the manufacturer's recommendation. The Foley group had a number 14 Foley catheter inserted, inflated, and placed on traction. Immediately after Foley bulb extrusion or 6 hours after prostaglandin E 2 gel course completion, a dilute oxytocin solution was started if the patient was not in labor. Results: Seventy-seven women were entered into the Foley group and 72 were entered into the prostaglandin E 2 gel group. Both the Bishop score after preinduction ripening (6.5 vs 5.1, P P = .015) were significantly higher in the Foley group. There were no differences between the groups in mode of delivery, infant weight, rate of hyperstimulation, shoulder dystocia, patient discomfort, epidural use, oxytocin use, or nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns. The preinduction time (9.9 vs 17.2 hours, P P P Conclusion: Use of the Foley catheter resulted in a higher postinduction Bishop score, a greater change in Bishop score, a shorter induction time, and lower patient charges than did intracervical prostaglandin E 2 gel. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;180:55-9.)
The Adored Woman in Rap: An Analysis of the Presence of Philogyny in Rap Music

It comes as no surprise to most the acknowledgment that rap music is dominated by sexist themes and lyrics (Oware 22). For many years, the music industry has monopolized on sales of rap music with ...
Abstract continuations: a mathematical semantics for handling full jumps

Continuation semantics is the traditional mathematical formalism for specifying the semantics of non-local control operations. Modern Lisp-style languages, however, contain advanced control structures like full functional jumps and control delimiters for which continuation semantics is insufficient. We solve this problem by introducing an abstract domain of rests of computations with appropriate operations. Beyond being useful for the problem at hand, these abstract continuations turn out to have applications in a much broader context, e.g., the explication of parallelism, the modeling of control facilities in parallel languages, and the design of new control structures.
Water adsorption, solvation and deliquescence of alkali halide thin films on SiO2 studied by ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

The adsorption of water on KBr thin films evaporated onto SiO2 was investigated as a function of relative humidity (RH) by ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. At 30percent RH adsorbed water reaches a coverage of approximately one monolayer. As the humidity continues to increase, the coverage of water remains constant or increases very slowly until 60percent RH, followed by a rapid increase up to 100percent RH. At low RH a significant number of the Br atoms are lost due to irradiation damage. With increasing humidity solvation increases ion mobility and gives rise to a partial recovery of the Br/K ratio. Above 60percent RH the increase of the Br/K ratio accelerates. Above the deliquescence point (85percent RH), the thickness of the water layer continues to increase and reaches more than three layers near saturation. The enhancement of the Br/K ratio at this stage is roughly a factor 2.3 on a 0.5 nm KBr film, indicating a strong preferential segregation of Br ions to the surface of the thin saline solution on SiO2.
Hystories: Hysterical Epidemics and Modern Culture

Hysteria has traditionally been seen as a female disorder but in this study of its cultural implications, the author argues that it is a universal illness and that far from dying out with the end of the Victorian sexual repression it is becoming more widespread and manifest. Showalter identifies Gulf War syndrome, recovered memory, chronic fatigue syndrome, even claims of ritual satanic abuse, as the contemporary forms of the illness and by recognizing its universality releases women from the limiting association with hysteria.
Dependence of electron mobility on spatial separation of electrons and donors in AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs heterostructures

Single‐period modulation doped A1xGa1−x As/GaAs heterojunctions have been prepared by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Heterojunctions with a Si‐doped A1xGa1−x As layer grown on an unintentionally doped GaAs layer have exhibited enhanced mobility at 78 ° and 300 °K. The A1xGa1−x As, grown with x = 0.25 or x = 0.33, was doped to a level ND?3×1017 cm−3 resulting in a sheet‐charge density of about 8×1011 cm−2. Maximum mobilities of 74 200 cm2/V s at 78 °K and 6930 cm2/V s at 300 °K were observed in different structures. This represents an improvement of more than a factor of 2 over the best previously reported results at 78 °K. These structures, if used for normally off and/or psuedonormally off FET channel layers in high‐speed integrated circuits, can provide improved performance. These extremely high mobilities can lead to a power delay product improvement of about a factor of 2 at room temperature and a factor of more than 12 at liquid‐nitrogen temperature as compared to conventional structures. This increas...
Malathion for Control of Chicken Mites on Hens in Wire Cages

Aqueous sprays containing 0.5% and 1.0% actual malathion by volume, respectively, were applied to community-type cages with wooden frame work by means of a power-driven sprayer for the control of the chicken mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De G.). Both concentrations of malathion provided good control of the chicken mite and, in this instance, of the northern fowl mite, Ornithonyssus sylviarum (C. & F.). Complete control of chicken mites present in individual-type cages constructed entirely of wire was obtained with a single application of 4% malathion dust.
Structural Determinants Involved in the Regulation of CXCL14/BRAK Expression by the 26 S Proteasome

The chemokine CXCL14/BRAK participates in immune surveillance by recruiting dendritic cells. CXCL14 gene expression is altered in a number of cancers, but protein expression levels have not been investigated. Here we report that CXCL14 protein can be expressed in primary epithelial cells; however, in several immortalized and cancer cell lines this protein is targeted for polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. We determined the NMR structure of CXCL14 to identify motifs controlling its expression. CXCL14 adopts the canonical chemokine tertiary fold but contains a unique five amino acid insertion (41VSRYR45) relative to other CXC chemokines. Deletion or substitution of key residues within this insertion prevented proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we defined a 15 amino acid fragment of CXCL14 that is sufficient to induce proteasomal degradation. This study elucidates a post-translational mechanism for the loss of CXCL14 in cancer and a novel mode of chemokine regulation.
Neurophysiology of Speech Differences in Childhood Apraxia of Speech

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a picture naming task of simple and complex words in children with typical speech and with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). Results reveal reduced amplitude prior to speaking complex (multisyllabic) words relative to simple (monosyllabic) words for the CAS group over the right hemisphere during a time window thought to reflect phonological encoding of word forms. Group differences were also observed prior to production of spoken tokens regardless of word complexity during a time window just prior to speech onset (thought to reflect motor planning/programming). Results suggest differences in pre-speech neurolinguistic processes.
Development and validation of the Male Body Talk Scale: a psychometric investigation.

Abstract This paper details the development of the Male Body Talk (MBT) scale and five studies supporting the psychometric soundness of scores on this new measure. Participants were 18–65-year-old men recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk, introductory psychology courses, and snowball sampling. The MBT scale assesses the frequency with which men engage in negatively valenced body-related conversations with others. Two subscales were identified through a combination of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The Muscle Talk subscale assesses men's tendency to express concerns regarding degree of muscularity and being too small. The Fat Talk subscale assesses men's tendency to express concerns regarding level of body fat and being overweight. Scores on the MBT scale demonstrated strong internal consistency and moderate test–retest reliability. Evidence of convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity of scores on the MBT scale is presented. This new measure is a useful tool for examining how often men engage in negative body talk.
The solubility of hydrogen in NiAl

Abstract Measurements of the H-solubility of stoichiometric NiAl in the temperature range 670–1373 K have been carried out at a constant H 2 gas pressure of 1.01×10 5 Pa. The data obtained are not consistent with simple mixing statistics where the H-atoms occupy unique interstitial sites in the B2 cubic NiAl lattice. The thermodynamic behavior is consistent with a model in which H-atoms may occupy both tetrahedral and octahedral sites and the relative site occupancy depends on the temperature.
Inside the pre-kindergarten door: Classroom climate and instructional time allocation in Tulsa's pre-K programs

Abstract This observational study of 106 pre-K classrooms in Tulsa, Oklahoma provides descriptive data on children's classroom experiences – classroom climate and exposure to academic instruction – and comparisons of Tulsa classrooms with a multi-state sample of pre-K and Head Start classrooms led by comparably educated teachers. We also examined teacher and classroom characteristics that were associated with variation in children's classroom experiences. Compared to other school-based pre-K and Head Start classrooms, teachers in the Tulsa classrooms received significantly higher scores for various dimensions of Instructional Support and Classroom Organization, and devoted significantly more time to academic instruction, notably Literacy and Math Activities. Within the Tulsa sample, children in Head Start classrooms received less exposure to Math instruction, but more exposure to Social Studies activities as compared to their peers in public school pre-K classrooms. Teacher and classroom characteristics were not associated with classroom climate, and only the teachers’ years of experience was associated with greater exposure to Literacy Activities. Major challenges remain in identifying classroom and teacher attributes that contribute to high-quality, educationally rich pre-K environments.
A Retrospective Analysis of Squamous Carcinoma of the Buccal Mucosa: An Aggressive Subsite Within the Oral Cavity

Purpose Squamous carcinoma of the buccal mucosa is relatively uncommon in the North American population. It is considered an aggressive cancer, with difficulty in obtaining negative surgical margins and poor locoregional control. This single-institution retrospective analysis attempted to identify prognostic variables, treatment outcomes, and survival patterns of patients with buccal carcinoma. Materials and Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients with buccal carcinoma treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland from 1992 through 2008 was conducted. Thirty newly diagnosed and previously untreated patients were reviewed and their outcomes data were analyzed. Results Thirteen female and 17 male patients were identified (mean age, 64 yr). Eighteen patients had early-stage disease (stages I to II). Fifteen patients (50%) developed recurrence, with 13 patients developing local recurrence despite 80% of patients achieving negative surgical margins. The overall nodal metastasis rate was 43%, with an occult nodal rate of 32%. Overall 2- and 5-year survival rates were 69% and 53%, respectively. Thirty-nine percent of patients not receiving adjuvant therapy developed recurrence. Early recurrence tended to occur more commonly and was a poor prognostic indicator of successful salvage. Conclusions Buccal carcinoma is an aggressive disease, with high rates of locoregional disease recurrence independent of surgical margin status. Elective neck dissection and adjuvant therapy should be considered for early-stage disease. Successful salvage is rare in cases of early recurrence.
Nuclear medicine techniques in the evaluation of pulmonary neoplasia.

Many noninvasive imaging techniques are available for evaluating patients with pulmonary neoplastic processes. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and gallium scintigraphy, while having made major contributions to the noninvasive workup of patients with pulmonary neoplastic processes, are inadequate for purposes of accurate pathologic staging. A more complete understanding of the potential for existing techniques utilizing gallium 67 and thallium 201 along with the development of new radiopharmaceuticals coupled with recent advances in detection equipment will further expand the role of nuclear medicine in the noninvasive assessment of pulmonary neoplasias. 46 references.
The role of gp70 in the target antigen recognized by murine leukemia virus immune cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

The role of the murine leukemia virus (MLV) envelope glycoprotein, gp70, in the formation of the target antigen recognized by in vivo generated MLV-immune cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (FMR-MLV immune T) was studied. Treatment of the Rauscher MLV-transformed C57BL/6 target cell, RBL-5, for 4 h with the protein glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin, was found to render the cells resistant to lysis by FMR-MLV immune Tc while lysis of the tunicamycin-treated RBL-5 cells by allogeneic H-2b immune Tc was not decreased. This failure of FMR-MLV-immune Tc to lyse tunicamycintreated RBL-5 cells correlated with an inhibitory effect of tunicamycin on the synthesis of gp70, resulting from impaired glycosylation of the gp70 precursor, gpPr90. Yet, examination of the tunicamycin-treated RBL-5 cell surface by lactoperoxidase 125I iodination and immunoprecipitation techniques, revealed (I) that neither unglycosylated gp70 nor gpPr90 antigens were detectable and (2) that the gp70 antigens from tunicamycin-treated and untreated RBL-5 cells were identical in their (I) migration pattern in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) (2) isoelectric focusing profiles on a pH 3.5 - pH 10 gradient and (3) external, lactoperoxidase accessible, 125I peptides. Further, tunicamycin-treated RBL-5 cells retained 33% - 50% of their Rauscher MLV gp70 expression, as determined by quantitative absorption of a goat anti-Rauscher MLV gp70 serum. When this latter result was interpreted with reference to the study by Lesley et al. (1974), who observed a linear relationship between the amount of alloantigen expressed and susceptibility to immune Tc killing, it was concluded that this quantitative change in gp70 expression could not adequately account for the failure of FMR-MLV immune Tc to lyse tunicamycin-treated RBL-5 cells. It is therefore proposed that an MLV-induced antigen other than gp70 may be recognized on RBL-5 cells by FMR-MLV immune Tc.
A scalable data structure for real-time estimation of resource availability in build-to-order environments

This paper defines a highly scalable interval index structure called the Temporal Bin tree (TB-tree) that can be embedded in any resource planning application whose algorithms require efficiently estimating either the time that a resource will be available to process a specific task of known length or the net availability of a resource during a specified period of time. It is specifically engineered to meet the real-time response and space efficiency requirements of large-scale resource planning applications that are required for mass customization. Basically, the TB-tree is a binary tree structure that represents availability of a resource across a planning horizon. Representing intervals of availability hierarchically using a tree structure increases the efficiency of search for resource availability when the discretization of time is fine-grained or the planning horizon is long. The tree forms a backbone structure that does not require disruptive rebalancing during update operations, which would mitigate the ability of the tree to respond to queries in real time. Its specific implementation allows for random access at any level of the tree to further improve scalability. An application of planning to real-time promising of order due dates for custom built products provides the context for empirical evaluation. Results of analytical evaluations and simulation experiments clearly demonstrate the scalability of the TB-tree relative to existing index structures in terms of both time and space.
CORR Insights®: What Are the Predictors and Prevalence of Pseudotumor and Elevated Metal Ions After Large-diameter Metal-on-metal THA?

This CORR Insights® is a commentary on the article “What Are the Predictors and Prevalence of Pseudotumor and Elevated Metal Ions After Large-diameter Metal-on-metal THA?” by Bayley and colleagues available at: DOI: 10.1007/s11999-014-3824-2. The author certifies that he, or any member of his immediate family, has no funding or commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ® editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. The opinions expressed are those of the writers, and do not reflect the opinion or policy of CORR ® or the Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons®. This CORR Insights® comment refers to the article available at DOI: 10.1007/s11999-014-3824-2.
Analysis of stone disease in morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery.

Background and Purpose: Recent studies have demonstrated a higher incidence of nephrolithiasis in the morbidly obese. Nephrolithiasis also has been described as a potential outcome after gastric bypass surgery. This is the first study to our knowledge that examines the incidence of nephrolithiasis in the morbidly obese in the setting of gastric bypass surgery at a tertiary referral center. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric Roux-en-Y bypass surgery for morbid obesity at our institution for the incidence of nephrolithiasis preoperatively, de novo stones postoperatively, and both preoperative and postoperative stone formation. Results: Of the 972 patients who underwent a laparoscopic gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity between 1990 and the present, 85 (8.8%) were found to have upper urinary-tract calculi preoperatively, and 32 (3.2%) had de novo stones postoperatively. Of those 85 who had stones preoperatively, 26 (31.4%) ...
Coming unglued: Workplace characteristics, work satisfaction, and family cohesion

Many studies that make use of the spillover model of work and family cite anecdotal stories bout how a reduction in work-family spillover will directly enhance family relations. The authors argue that while work-family fit is certainly important, this relationship is complex; there are more basic processes in a marital relationship that mediate the association between work-family spillover and family functioning. This paper focuses on the effect that work has on one sphere of family functioning - family cohesion - considering the mediating roles of work-to-family spillover and negotiated aspects of the marital relationship.
Physics of elliptical reflectors at large reflection and divergence angles I: Their design for nano-photonic integrated circuits and application to low-loss low-crosstalk waveguide crossing

Abstract In this work, we study the formulation of beam propagation in an elliptical reflector in nanophotonic integrated circuits (NPICs). We introduce a Gaussian beam mode analysis with Effective Refractive Index Approximation (EIA) applied to planar waveguides. The wavelength-scale waveguides in NPICs lead to large diffraction angle of the input beam and phase aberration in the reflected beam. However, this aberration can be shown to be negligible under first order approximation (FOA). With the Gaussian beam formulation, we study the Near Field and Far Field scenarios in the incident and reflected beams and propose a design methodology that utilizes the two scenarios to minimize footprint of associated devices. Specifically, we use Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation to show that applying such methodology in designing a waveguide crossing using elliptical reflectors not only minimizes the device footprint but also creates a novel crossing that outperforms the conventional Direct Waveguide Crossing (DWC) in terms of the lowest order mode transmission efficiency and crosstalk.
Transcript distribution of plasma membrane Ca2+ pump isoforms and splice variants in the human brain

Abstract Plasma membrane calcium pumps (PMCAs) play a major role in the maintenance and fine regulation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Fourteen subregions of the normal human brain were carefully dissected and analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for the distribution of rnRNAs corresponding to the four known PMCA genes as well as their alternative splicing products at two previously defined ‘hotspots’ A and C. All PMCA genes were found to be expressed in every brain subregion; however, consistent differences were found in the distribution of alternative splice options. The four cortical regions and hippocampus were characterized by the relative preference of variants that include an entire exon at site C and lead to the expression of isoforms of the a-type. Inferior olive and olfactory bulb showed a relative preponderance of the b-form ‘default’ types of alternative splicing at site C, and a decrease or even the lack of ‘differentiated’ forms such as variants la and 1c. At the N-terminal splice site A, the default x-type variants were predominant in all brain regions for PMCA 1, 3, and 4. By contrast, the pattern of PMCA2 variants was the most variable, ranging from the presence of the entire set of 2x, 2w, and 2z forms in inferior olive to the almost exclusive presence of form 2z (excluding all alternatively spliced sequences) in the four cortical regions, caudate, and hippocampus. Regional differences in the PMCA splice type distribution in normal human brain may correlate with different demands on the regulation of the set-point resting Ca2+ levels in these areas. Changes in these patterns may correlate with altered physiological states of the affected regions and/or reflect an (early) sign of Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases.
Continuous GPS measurements of contemporary deformation across the northern Basin and Range province

We have acquired and analyzed data from the northern Basin and Range (NBAR) continuous GPS network since July 1996. The RMS residual with respect to the best fitting lines through the individual station position estimates is 2–3 mm in the horizontal and 6–10 mm in the vertical. After the first 395 days of operation, uncertainties in horizontal velocity estimates are 1–2 mm/yr (1-σ). Relative motion among NBAR sites located in eastern Nevada and in Utah is small, but east-west extension is significant assuming uniform strain accumulation across the whole network. The relative motion observed across the Wasatch fault zone is 2 ±2 mm/yr, east-west. Relative motions among stations in western Nevada and California, in contrast, are dominated by northwest, right-lateral shear. We infer an integrated deformation across the northern Basin and Range of 11 ± 2 mm/yr, northwest. These rates are consistent with previous geodetic measurements. Our GPS velocity estimates, however, reveal a possibly abrupt transition from east-west extension in eastern Nevada and Utah to right-lateral shear in western Nevada. This transition is roughly coincident with the central Nevada seismic belt and is consistent with the right-oblique focal mechanisms of the 1954 Dixie Valley and Fairview Peak earthquakes. The transition also appears to correlate spatially with a transition in upper mantle structure.
Infant Sleep Location: Associated Maternal and Infant Characteristics with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Prevention Recommendations

Objective To identify factors associated with infant sleep location. Study design Demographic information and infant care practices were assessed for 708 mothers of infants ages 0 to 8 months at Women, Infants and Children centers. Generalized linear latent mixed models were constructed for the outcome, sleeping arrangement last night (room-sharing without bed-sharing versus bed-sharing, and room-sharing without bed-sharing versus sleeping in separate rooms). Results Two-thirds of the mothers were African-American. A total of 48.6% mothers room-shared without bed-sharing, 32.5% bed-shared, and 18.9% slept in separate rooms. Compared with infants who slept in separate rooms, infants who room-shared without bed-sharing were more likely to be Hispanic (odds ratio [OR], 2.58, 95% CI 1.11-5.98) and younger (3.66- and 1.74-times more likely for infants 0-1 month old and 2-3 months old, respectively, as compared with older infants). Compared with infants who bed-shared, infants who room-shared without bed-sharing were more likely to be 0 to 1 month old (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.05-2.35) and less likely to be African-American (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.26-0.70) or have a teenage mother (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.23-0.58). Conclusions Approximately one-third of mothers and infants bed-share, despite increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The factors associated with bed-sharing are also associated with SIDS, likely rendering infants with these characteristics at high risk for SIDS.
Religion And National Identity In America And Europe

America and Europe have had very different religious experiences, and these differences have continuing consequences. In America, the preponderance of Reform Protestantism gave rise to religious and political pluralism, a religious marketplace, and the continuing vitality of the churches. In Europe, the dominance of state churches gave rise to the eventual rejection of these churches and religions when the traditional political and social authorities were rejected, particularly by the Generation of 1968. However, Europe’s extreme secularization has rendered it confused and ineffective in dealing with the new religious challenge posed by Muslim immigrant communities.
KUSHNER AND STERK RESPOND

We thank Carpiano and Kelly for restating, albeit in their own words, some of the arguments we made. We are, however, a bit perplexed by the concerns they raise. We did not dispute that Durkheim constructed the categories of altruism and fatalism. Rather, we demonstrated that, given Durkheim’s typology, he misclassified military suicides as altruistic and trivialized women’s suicidal behavior. He could have used his data on military suicide to reveal the importance of social integration in suicide. In addition, he could have examined the high rate of suicidal behavior among women as further evidence of the importance of fatalistic suicide. But Durkheim did neither. His belief that egoism and alienation were responsible for the decline in what he labeled “social cohesion” led him to ignore the role of social integration in the majority of suicides. No reader of his Suicide could possibly conclude that Durkheim believed that social integration was an important cause of modern suicide or suicidal behavior. We agree that social cohesion and social capital should not be conflated—thus our title, “The Limits of Social Capital.” We did report the extent to which recent public health writers have conflated the 2 concepts, and we criticized that conflation throughout our article. We are also skeptical of the way social capital has been constructed in many recent public health studies, because this construct has been the basis for downplaying the crucial role of class and of political and financial capital in influencing population health. That Durkheim made many useful contributions to social theory is not in dispute. However, the way his work has been cited, unquestioned, to buttress vague constructs such as “social capital” cannot be ignored. We are confident that when Carpiano and Kelly reread our article they will be relieved to find the extent to which their concerns about our interpretations are unfounded.
Residual neuropsychologic effects of cannabis.

Acute intoxication with cannabis clearly produces cognitive impairment, but it is less clear how long cognitive deficits persist after an individual stops regular cannabis use. Numerous methodologic difficulties confront investigators in the field attempting to assess the residual neuropsychologic effects of cannabis among heavy users, and these must be understood to properly evaluate available studies. At present, it appears safe to conclude that deficits in attention and memory persist for at least several days after discontinuing regular heavy cannabis use. Some of these deficits may be caused or exacerbated by withdrawal effects from the abrupt discontinuation of cannabis; these effects typically peak after 3 to 7 days of abstinence. It is less clear, however, whether heavy cannabis use can cause neurotoxicity that persists long after discontinuation of use. It seems likely that such long-term effects, if they exist, are subtle and not clinically disabling—at least in the majority of cases.
On wear as a mechanism of granule attrition

Abstract Mechanisms of granule or agglomerate attrition are studied in the light of the principles of fracture mechanics. Fracture properties are measured for agglomerated systems including both glass beads bound by polymeric binders and pesticide products. In the present work, the sizes of typical granules are less than the critical specimen sizes capable of gross fracture, as calculated from fracture theory. This implies that the mode of granule attrition is primarily one of erosion of abrasive wear and not gross fracture. Previous abrasive wear research is reviewed, with the aim of establishing the dependence of agglomerate bar wear on material properties. Idealized bar agglomerates are studied, as they allow convenient characterization of the dependence of granule erosion on material properties. Bar wear rates are foud to parallel results from the ceramics wear literature. In particular, wear rate is found to have a similar but somewhat different dependence on fracture toughness than the work of Mullier et al.4, where both fluid-bed granule erosion rate and wear of bar agglomerates were found proportional to 1/Kc.