cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Proteasome inhibitors sensitize human vascular smooth muscle cells to Fas (CD95)-mediated death.

It was investigated whether proteasome activity was implicated in susceptibility of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to Fas-mediated death. Human fetal aorta smooth muscle cells were treated with agonistic anti-Fas antibody (CH11) and proteasome inhibitors (MG115 or MG132) and then cell death was determined by morphology, viability, and DNA fragmentation. The present study reports that: (a) crosslinking of Fas receptor with anti-Fas antibody in the presence of proteasome inhibitor-induced death and DNA degradation in human VSMCs that were blocked by caspases inhibitor z-DEVD.fmk; (b) cotreatment with anti-Fas antibody and proteasome inhibitor activated caspase-3; (c) proteasome inhibitors did not influence expression of procaspase-8, procaspase-3, c-FLIP, and Bcl-2; and (d) proteasome inhibitors up-regulated Fas and FADD. The data indicate that proteasome activity is important in survival of VSMCs and provide the first evidence that proteasome is involved in Fas signal transduction. The present study proposes novel mechanism(s) by which VSMCs become susceptible to FasL.
Linearization method for finding Cramer-Rao bounds in signal processing

A new approach for finding and interpreting Cramer-Rao bounds in signal processing is presented in this correspondence. Using the linearization method in nonlinear models and the decoupling technique in linear models, the new method simplifies the burdensome derivations in finding Cramer-Rao bounds and offers insight to their interpretations.
A new explanation for the WTP/WTA disparity

Abstract We propose a new explanation for the WTP/WTA disparity in experiments and surveys. Uncertainty, irreversibility and limited learning opportunities can generate commitment costs, driving a wedge between WTP and WTA. We present experimental evidence that supports our hypothesis.
Journeys to remain childless: A grounded theory examination of decision-making processes among voluntarily childless couples

The goal of this study was to illuminate the processes of how spouses reach an agreement to remain childless, specifically finding out what spouses do, say, and feel in the process using grounded theory methods. This study conceptualized reaching an agreement not to have children as a dyadic process. Based on in-depth conjoint interviews with 20 married couples, 3 decision-making types were identified: mutual early articulator couples, mutual postponer couples, and nonmutual couples. The decision-making processes of voluntarily childless couples included three phases, agreement, acceptance, and closing of the door as well as two driving forces of the process, the strength of conviction and the importance of the relationship. The three types of couples navigated the process differently. The implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.
GE-02PARADOXICAL GENETIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CANCER AND AUTISM

BACKGROUND: Specific hereditary cancer syndromes and syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders are known to have overlap in causative genes. Well known examples include mutations within PTEN, TSC1/2, and NF1, which can lead to either hereditary cancer syndromes and/or neurodevelopmental disorders. With the advent of next generation sequencing, thousands of genomes have been sequenced from patients with cancer or neurodevelopmental disorders. Anecdotal reports have suggested there may be greater overlap than previously appreciated between genes involved in cancer development and neurodevelopmental disorders, specifically autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Our observations from exome sequencing of both patients with autism, as well as various tumors, suggest several of the same genes may be contributing to both conditions. HYPOTHESIS: There is a statistically significant association between neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer at the genetic and phenotypic level. METHODS: We examined for enrichment of rare, functional DNA variants in established cancer genes within exome sequencing data of patients with ASD as well as the Exome Variant Server (EVS) database. We also conducted an EMR-based epidemiologic analysis of patients with autistic disorder and rates of cancer, comparing them to 5x the control patients matched by age and gender. RESULTS: We found statistically significant differences in the enrichment of variants in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes of patients with ASD. Paradoxically, we found a significantly lower rate of neoplasms in patients with autistic disorder compared to controls. Furthermore, almost half of the neoplasms in ASD patients were benign. CONCLUSIONS: The discovery of an underlying genetic relationship between cancer and neurodevelopmental conditions such as ASD can be tremendously impactful. Targeted therapeutics previously developed for neoplastic conditions could benefit patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Further study of patients with ASD who do not develop cancer may provide important clues about compensatory anti-tumor cellular mechanisms that could lead to new cancer therapies for all patients.
Diffusion-Absorption and Flow Processes in Disordered Porous Media

This chapter reviews some rigorous methods to estimate effective properties associated with two different types of processes occurring in random porous media: diffusion-absorption and flow phenomena. In the first problem (that we will generally refer to as the “trapping problem”), our interest is in the trapping constant (or, equivalently, the mean survival time) and diffusion relaxation times. In the second problem, our interest is in the fluid permeability as well as in viscous relaxation times. We will review several topics: (i) microstructure characterization via statistical correlation functions; (ii) derivation of effective properties via homogenization theory; (iii) rigorous bounds on the effective properties in terms of correlation functions; and (iv) cross-property relations that rigorously link diffusion properties to flow properties.
Substituent Effects on Oxidation‐Induced Formation of Quinone Methides from Arylboronic Ester Precursors

A series of arylboronic esters containing different aromatic substituents and various benzylic leaving groups (Br or N(+)Me3Br(-)) have been synthesized. The substituent effects on their reactivity with H2O2 and formation of quinone methide (QM) have been investigated. NMR spectroscopy and ethyl vinyl ether (EVE) trapping experiments were used to determine the reaction mechanism and QM formation, respectively. QMs were not generated during oxidative cleavage of the boronic esters but by subsequent transformation of the phenol products under physiological conditions. The oxidative deboronation is facilitated by electron-withdrawing substituents, such as aromatic F, NO2, or benzylic N(+)Me3Br(-), whereas electron-donating substituents or a better leaving group favor QM generation. Compounds containing an aromatic CH3 or OMe group, or a good leaving group (Br), efficiently generate QMs under physiological conditions. Finally, a quantitative relationship between the structure and activity has been established for the arylboronic esters by using a Hammett plot. The reactivity of the arylboronic acids/esters and the inhibition or facilitation of QM formation can now be predictably adjusted. This adjustment is important as some applications may benefit and others may be limited by QM generation.
Postmortem Recognition of Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders

(1991). Postmortem Recognition of Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders. Pediatric Pathology: Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 365-370.
Bradford's Law and Fuzzy Sets: Statistical Implications for Library Analyses

Cet article est une analyse de la loi de Bradford de Dispersion de point du vue de theorie des ensembles flous et de l'inference statistique. Il montre que la loi de Bradford peut etre consideree comme un modele probabilistique pour la generation des ensembles flous, qui menent a leur tour aux detachements (outliers) qui compliquent le processus d'inference statistique. L'inference statistique est presentee dans le contexte des theories de Karl Pearson sur la contingence et la correlation. Les problemes d'inference statistique resultant du caractere flou des ensembles de Bradford sont illustres avec deux mesures a caractere scientifique basees sur les tests d'intelligence et citations qui ont ete derivees comme partie du projet de restructurer les donnees locales des publications en serie a la Louisiana State University (LSU). Ces mesures ont ete derivees de la chimie et ont revele les complications resultant des liens entre cette discipline a la biochimie. L'article se termine par une presentation du concept d'application de la theorie des ensembles flous comme une de techniques de manipulation de detachements.
Pulmonary appendix of the short-tailed shrew (Blarina): a unique immunologic organ.

The right bronchus of the short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda, terminates in a nonrespiratory pulmonary appendix (PA) containing two bronchial extensions. The experimentally demonstrated ability of these structures to collect and peristaltically expel aspirated material was initially assumed to be a sufficient reason for their developmental persistance, but as bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) became a subject of immunologic interest in other species, a possible immunologic role for the concentrations of BALT observed in the shrew PA were investigated. As the BALT of the PA contained many well-differentiated plasma cells and numerous particle-containing macrophages, 6-μ paraffin sections were treated with an immunoperoxidase avidin-biotin preparation that chromogenically identified alpha chains of IgA in many of the PA plasma cells and their associated luminal secretions. Also, vascular injections revealed that the PA had a complex relationship with anastomotic sinusoids connecting the bronchial and pulmonary circulation systems, and scanning electron microscopy showed that the luminal epithelial surfaces of the PA were virtually identical to the scattered BALT aggregates in the bronchi of other animals. It thus appeared that these unique structures in the shrew are morphologically and topographically suited to receive aspirated antigens that induce secretory IgA production, while possibly providing other humoral and cellular immunologic products to the general circulation. Anat Rec 266:184–191, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Induced flocculation of animal cells in suspension culture

Recycle unit operations for suspension cell cultures may be improved by flocculation of the cells. A flocculant search was conducted, and it was found that where strongly cationic polymers were severly toxic to the cells, neutral and anionic polymers were nontoxic and ineffective at flocculating the cells. A weak and poorly soluble polycation, poly-L-histidine, was capable of flocculating cultures of CHO, HeLa, U-937, and CRL 1606 hybridoma cells with no toxicity to the majority of cells. In addition to the lowered acute toxicity, the polymer treatment left the cells in a growing state for recycle. Flocculation was found to be mediated by precipitates of the polymer. The low toxicity of poly-L-histidine is probably due to its low solubility and charge at physiological pH. Nonelectrostatic interactions may also play a role.
Reproductive Success of the Black-crowned Night Heron at Alcatraz Island, San Francisco Bay, California, 1990-2002

Abstract Nesting chronology, habitat use, subcolony use, and hatchability were documented for the Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting at Alcatraz Island, San Francisco Bay, California during 1990-2002. Reproductive success was estimated using the Mayfield method and compared among years. Totals of monitored nests per year ranged from 68 in 2001 to 341 in 1996, with a trend of declining numbers since 1996. An increase in numbers of the Western Gull (Larus occidentalis), the Black-crowned Night Heron’s primary competitor, occurred during the same period. Overall reproductive success of the Black-crowned Night Heron at Alcatraz Island was below the 13-year average of 56.4% since 1996. During the study, the average number of chicks fledged per nest each year ranged from 0.46 to 1.27, which is less than the two chicks per nest suggested as a requirement for a sustained population. Embryos in five of 187 failed Black-crowned Night Heron eggs were deformed. In 1990 and 1991, eggs were analy...
Problems with the Hyperventilatory Response to Exercise and Hypoxia

To achieve the optimal ventilatory response to heavy exercise, several criteria must be satisfied. First, alveolar hyperventilation must be adequate to meet not only the rising CO2 flow to the lungs but also to compensate the progressive development of metabolic acidosis and to ensure a high overall \(\rm\dot{v}\)A/\(\rm\dot{Q}\)C and diffusion gradient in the face of marked reductions in mixed venous PO2 and shortened capillary transit time. Secondly, the mechanical limits of the lung and chest wall — in terms of respiratory muscle force, energy stores and rate of energy supply — must be sufficient to meet these ventilatory demands. Third, the regulation of respiratory muscle length and the timing of muscle contraction must be regulated so as to optimize chest wall function.
Combining insulin and sulfonylurea. A therapeutic option for type II diabetes.

PreviewNon-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease that requires sequential therapy to achieve optimal control. When diet and sulfonylurea fail to maintain glycemic control, the addition of a single daily injection of insulin may be indicated. The best candidates for this combined therapy are patients with typical adult-onset disease that has been present less than 10 to 15 years.
Long-term follow-up after “one-shot” CO2 laser stapedotomy: is the functional outcome stable during the years?

The use of "one-shot" CO2 laser technique for a primary small-fenestra stapedotomy is well established, but few papers report the long-term functional results. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 198 patients, treated for otosclerosis from January 2008 to December 2011, at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Catholic University of Rome. Statistical comparison between audiological thresholds obtained 24 h preoperatively, at early (4 weeks) and late postoperative examinations (mean time 45 months), was performed. Comparison of preoperative vs both early and late postoperative ACPTA showed a statistically significant difference (respectively 55 vs 33 and 31 dB; p 0.05). Both early and late postoperative ABG improved significantly compared to the preoperative one (respectively 10 and 9 vs 32 dB; p 0.05), early vs late postoperative ABG (respectively 10 vs 9 dB; p > 0.05) and early vs late ABG gain (respectively 22 vs 23 dB; p > 0.05). No subjects developed postoperative complications requiring revision surgery or late deterioration of hearing threshold. The analysis of our data suggests that "one-shot" CO2 laser stapedotomy is an effective and safe procedure: it allows a rapid stapedotomy without damages for the inner ear and optimal functional results that remain stable during the years.
Effect of Processing Temperature on the Morphology and Drug-Release Characteristics of Elastin-Like Polypeptide–Collagen Composite Coatings

Elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs) exhibit an inverse phase transition temperature (Tt) in response to changes in their environment. We hypothesized that processing ELP–collagen composites at tempera...
Strain Measures for Transfer Function Approaches to Resonant Column Testing

This paper presents strain measures to accompany a recently developed transfer function approach for resonant column testing of soils using a free-free apparatus. Although a number of past studies have proposed the use of random excitation or transfer functions in various forms, the new approach is unique in that the transfer function does not involve the current or voltage from the electromagnetic drive system. Consequently, the approach eliminates the need for many device-dependent calibrations and properties, including the torque-current calibration factor, stiffness of the torsional spring connecting the active and passive beams, and mass moments of inertia for the active platen and active beam. A brief review is given of the frequency domain transfer function approach for determining the shear modulus and damping of soil and rock, and a new theoretical formulation is presented for the associated strains in the soil specimen in terms of the measured boundary motion. It is demonstrated that higher modes can possess zero arithmetic average strains; therefore, a root-mean-square strain is proposed and derived as an alternative strain metric that will be non-zero for any frequency at which a specimen is undergoing deformation. Excellent agreement is found between experimental data and the newly derived strain measures. The concepts presented herein are valid for use with harmonic or stepped-sine testing as well as broadband random excitation, whereby strains are obtained for a range of frequencies spanning multiple modes of vibration. The approach provides a rigorous theoretical model that accurately describes the physics of the experiment over a broad frequency range spanning multiple modes. Additionally, the modulus and damping can be arbitrary functions of the frequency parameter without a loss of generality in the theoretical formulation, enabling studies of frequency-dependent modulus and damping.
Integrative geometric-hashing approaches to binding site modeling and ligand-protein interaction prediction

The function of a protein is dependent on whether and how it can interact with various ligands. Therefore, an accurate prediction of protein-ligand interactions is paramount to understanding proteins' biological mechanisms and hence to the development of therapeutic agents. A ligand is most likely to bind in the largest pocket on the surface of the protein. Moreover, it requires that the pocket meets certain structural and geometric criteria that allow the ligand to "anchor" in place by forming stabilizing interactions with the protein. Based on this logic, many geometry-based algorithms have been developed to predict protein-ligand interactions. Here we investigate a geometric-hashing based algorithm - to see how well it distinguishes proteins that do and do not bind a ligand, and propose enhancements that improve its robustness. We also introduce an alternative way of integrating geometric and biochemical properties of multiple binding mechanisms into a single representation.
Bilateral Subaxial Rotational Vertebral Artery Occlusion in a Setting of a Prior Cervical Construct.

Background Rotational vertebral artery occlusion, or bow hunter's syndrome, most commonly affects the C1-2 level because of its importance in regulating rotational movement. Case Description A 50-year-old man with increasing neck pain and severe symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency with bidirectional head rotation had undergone several prior subaxial cervical spine operations. Dynamic cerebral angiography demonstrated complete occlusion of the left vertebral artery during head rotation to the right and complete occlusion of the right vertebral artery during head rotation to the left. Occlusions occurred at the level of and rostral to his prior construct, with immediate recurrence of debilitating vertigo and near syncope. Successful radiographic and clinical resolution of symptoms was achieved by posterior instrumentation and fusion from C2, connecting to his prior hardware. Conclusions A brief literature review and treatment options are discussed for this unusual presentation of a rare clinical entity.
Curriculum homeplacing as complicated conversation: (re)narrating the mentoring of Black women doctoral students

ABSTRACTThrough personal and dialogical narratives, we explore the ways Black women mentors (do not) reveal to their mentees their lived-experiences and the personal pain associated with the pursuit of careers in higher education; how and why their narratives of pain and pursuit are negotiated, sanctioned, and/or strategically altered; and the impact these decisions have on the development of Black women graduate students. Drawing on hooks’ notions of ‘imperialist white supremacist capitalist patriarchy’ (2015), ‘radical honesty’ (2004), and ‘homeplace’ (1990), we deploy the concept of curriculum homeplacing to more critically examine Black women’s mentoring relationships.
6th National Occupational Injury Research Symposium: Advancing Occupational Injury Research Through Integration and Partnership

Abstract Introduction The National Occupational Injury Research Symposium (NOIRS) is the only regularly held forum exclusively dedicated to occupational injury research and prevention. Method The 2015 conference theme, advancing occupational injury research through integration and partnership, shaped the conference and is reflected in articles selected for this special issue. Results' Conclusion The 6th NOIRS, held May 19–21, 2015, brought together more than 250 researchers, occupational safety practitioners and students to share and discuss occupational injury research. Articles in this special issue highlight some of the research presented at the conference, reflect multiple scientific disciplines and approaches, cover a breadth of occupational injury causes and worker populations, and provide examples of research advanced by partnerships. Practical Applications The next NOIRS, tentatively scheduled for 2018, will build upon the theme of integration and partnership as well as feedback from conference attendees.
Machine Vision and Robotics: Industrial Requirements

Machine vision is a major discipline derived from artificial intelligence research. With appropriate simplifying constraints, it is providing a powerful sensory tool for robot control and for important applications to automated inspection.
Abstract 417: Integrative drug sensitivity analysis of PI3K /mTOR pathway inhibitors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC)

Background: HNSCC is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. To date, Cetuximab is the only approved targeted therapy for HNSCC treatment. Thus,there is an immediate need to discover effective targets. Two pharmacogenomic HTS studies, Cancer Genome Project (CGP) and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) provide a large repository of drug sensitivity data. The PI3K/mTOR pathway is one of the frequently activated signaling cascades in HNSCC. However, it is unclear which class of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors is most promising and which biomarkers may be used to predict sensitivity. The rationale for this study is to identify novel biomarkers to targets such as PI3K/mTOR pathway by data mining these public databases. The potential biomarkers will be characterized in vitro in 68 HNSCC cell lines.Methods:The landscape of drug sensitivity profiles in 23 HNSCC cell lines (CGP) was analyzed by boxplot illustrations. Drugs that induce growth inhibition at low doses (median≤10 μM) were considered “effective”. Chemotherapy drugs, drugs with missing values and unknown targets were excluded from analyses. Hierarchical clustering of cell lines was performed based on drug sensitivity using GOWER distance metric and Ward9s linkage after normalization. Clustering of 140 drugs based on their sensitivity profiles was also done. In vitro, drug response to PI3K pathway inhibitors in 28 HNSCC cell lines was assessed by ATP based cell viability assay (CellTiter-Glo). Results: In the CGP datasets, we identified a set of effective drugs with median IC75 Citation Format: Vaishnavi Sambandam, Li Shen, Ming Zhang, Rishi Saigal, Lauren A. Byers, Curtis Pickering, Jeffrey N. Myers, Jing Wang, Faye M. Johnson. Integrative drug sensitivity analysis of PI3K /mTOR pathway inhibitors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 417. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-417
Does timing of gastroschisis repair matter? A comparison using the ACS NSQIP pediatric database.

Abstract Background There is no consensus on optimal timing of gastroschisis repair. The 2012–2014 ACS NSQIP Pediatric Participant Use Data File was used to compare outcomes of primary versus staged gastroschisis repair. Methods Cases were divided into primary repair (0–1day) and staged repair (4–14days). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared for primary versus staged closure using Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. Length of stay was compared after controlling for prematurity. Results There were 627 subjects included, with 364 neonates in the primary group and 263 in the staged group. The primary group demonstrated shorter hospital length of stay (LOS) (5.1days; p Conclusion Staged repair of gastroschisis has longer LOS attributed to preoperative timing, but less ventilator days. Outcomes for these closure techniques are equivocal and support surgeons performing the closure technique they are most experienced with. Level of Evidence III (Treatment: retrospective comparative study).
The effects of early food deprivation upon adult learning

The hypothesis under investigation was that equal amounts of food are not equally reinforcing when Ss have received differential food experience early in life. An experimental group of 9 Wistar strain rats was maintained on a six gram deprivation schedule for 15 days following weaning. The control group of 10 Ss was on an ad lib schedule for this interval. Both groups were kept on an ad lib schedule until adulthood, when they were deprived and trained in a black-white discrimination task. It was found that the experimental group learned the discrimination problem significantly better than did the control group, as predicted by the hypothesis.
GATA3 frameshift mutation promotes tumor growth in human luminal breast cancer cells and induces transcriptional changes seen in primary GATA3 mutant breast cancers.

// John P. Gustin 1 , Jernelle Miller 1 , Mina Farag 1 , D. Marc Rosen 1 , Matthew Thomas 1 , Robert B. Scharpf 1 and Josh Lauring 1 1 Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA Correspondence to: Josh Lauring, email: jlauring@jhmi.edu Keywords: GATA3, mutation, breast cancer, luminal Received: October 05, 2017 Accepted: October 10, 2017 Published: October 20, 2017 ABSTRACT The GATA3 transcription factor is one of the most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer. Heterozygous mutations, mostly frameshifts, are seen in 15% of estrogen receptor positive breast cancers, the subtype in which these mutations are almost exclusively found. Mouse studies have shown that Gata3 is critical for breast development and that GATA3 gene dosage affects breast tumor progression. Human patient data have shown that high Gata3 expression, a feature of luminal subtype breast cancers, is associated with a better prognosis. Although the frequency of GATA3 mutation suggests an important role in breast cancer development or progression, there is little understanding of how mutations in GATA3 affect its function in luminal breast epithelial cells and what gene expression changes result as a consequence of the mutations. Here, using gene editing, we have created two sets of isogenic human luminal breast cancer cell lines with and without a hotspot truncating GATA3 mutation. GATA3 mutation enhanced tumor growth in vivo but did not affect sensitivity to clinically used hormonal therapies or chemotherapeutic agents. We identified genes with upregulated and downregulated expression in GATA3 mutant cells, a subset of which was concordantly differentially expressed in GATA3 mutant primary luminal breast cancers. Addback of mutant GATA3 recapitulated mutation-specific gene expression changes and enhanced soft agar colony formation, suggesting a gain of function for the mutant protein.
Obesity: Trends in underweight and obesity — scale of the problem

A recent study reports that the global prevalence of paediatric obesity increased to >5% between 1975 and 2016. This increase occurred even as the prevalence of paediatric underweight decreased slightly but remained >8%. These average prevalence changes blur the remarkable regional variations in how prevalence has changed. There is a pressing need to address both underweight and obesity worldwide.
Combined chemoembolization and thermal ablation for the treatment of metastases to the liver.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate safety, time to recurrence, and overall survival (OS) in patients with liver metastases (LM), treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by ablation. This retrospective study included all patients with LM treated with combined TACE and ablation from August 1998 to September 2015. Forty-two patients (12 women, 30 men; age 62.9 ± 11.9 years) were treated for 44 LMs. Tumor characteristics, imaging response to treatment, recurrence, and OS data were reviewed. Statistical analysis included Kaplan–Meier estimation, Cox regression and Fisher’s exact, Wilcoxon rank sum, or log rank tests. Median follow-up was 10.3 months. Eighteen patients had 1 hepatic lesion, 16 had 2–5, and 8 had > 5. Median index lesion size was 4.7 cm (range 1.5–8 .0 cm). Tumor response (mRECIST) was available for 41/44 treated lesions, with CR in 32 (78.0%), PR in 8 (19.5%), and PD in 1 (2.4%). Long-term imaging follow-up was available for 38 patients. Freedom from local recurrence was 61% at 1 year and 50% at 2 years. OS was 55% at 1 year and 30% at 2 years (median OS, 14.5 months). Tumor size and histology were not predictors of time to progression or OS. Complications occurred in 19 patients (45%). Major complications occurred in 19% of patients and included hospitalization for fever (n = 2), hepatic abscess (n = 3) and fall requiring transfusion, portal vein thrombus causing lobar infarct, biliary fistula, and retroperitoneal hematoma (n = 1 each). Combined TACE and ablation is effective for local tumor control of liver metastases up to 8 cm when part of a multidisciplinary treatment strategy. Major complications occurred in 19% of patients.
Thomas Aquinas on War and Peace, by Gregory M. Reichberg

Thomas Aquinas is well known in military ethics as one of the founders of the Just War tradition, a crown that he may be said to share with another Catholic saint, Augustine. Despite his fame in th...
Assessing Community Health Priorities and Perceptions about Health Research: A Foundation for a Community-Engaged Research Program

We performed this study to better understand communities’ health priorities and willingness to participate in research in order to reduce health disparities. To include communities whose members often experience health disparities and may lack opportunities to participate in research, student interns from multiple disciplines administered the Sentinel Network’s 33-item survey in nontraditional locations. The survey was completed by 3,151 respondents. The five most frequently identified health concerns were diabetes, cancer, hypertension, heart problems, and weight. Concerns varied by race/ethnicity. In general, respondents across all races/ethnicities—especially Pacific Islanders—expressed willingness to participate in research. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of this method for identifying health priorities and willingness to participate in research. The results illustrate minority communities’ willingness to participate in research if provided the opportunity. Insights gained from this study are informing current and planned community-engaged research to reduce health disparities among minority communities.
CT Scans in the Diagnosis of Appendicitis.

CT scans are recommended to help identify appendicitis, particularly when the diagnosis is unclear. Virtual Mentor is a monthly bioethics journal published by the American Medical Association.
Laser-atom interactions: A multiresolution approach

Isolated, attosecond laser pulses have allowed real-time measurement and control of electrons on atomic time scales. We present an explicit time-evolution scheme solving the time dependent Schrodinger equation, which employs an adaptive, discontinuous, spectral-element basis that automatically refines to accommodate the requested precision providing efficient computation across many length scales in multiple dimensions. This method is illustrated through time evolution studies of single electron atoms and molecular ions in three and four dimensions under the influence of intense, few-cycle laser pulses.
Erratum: "Non-orthogonal configuration interaction with single substitutions for the calculation of core-excited states" [J. Chem. Phys. 149, 044116 (2018)].

Author(s): Oosterbaan, Katherine J; White, Alec F; Head-Gordon, Martin | Abstract: In our recent publication,1 we incorrectly stated some of the CIS and TDDFT k-edge excitations. Specifically the errors were in the CIS k-edge for all molecules except C2N2 and C2H6 and the TDDFT k-edge for only C2H2, N2, CO2 O, F2, and C2H2, all of which are shown in Table II of the original paper. A corrected version of that table can be found below. This changes our results slightly in that the RMSEs of the CIS and the TDDFT results are slightly reduced, but it does not change the primary conclusion that NOCIS is a promising method for calculating core excitations though it lacks dynamical correlation. (Table Presented).
Public Accountants, Senior Accounting Students, and Non-Accounting Senior Business Majors: Comparing their Perception of Corporate Ethics and Social Responsibility

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyze data collected from public accountants and students to assess differences in their perceived stakeholder and stockholder views. Paired-sample t-tes...
Measurement of Moller Scattering at 2.5 MeV

M\o{}ller scattering is one of the most fundamental processes in QED, and a variety of modern experiments require its knowledge to high precision. A recent calculation considered the radiative process at low energy, where the electron mass cannot be neglected. To test the calculation, an experiment was carried out using the Van de Graaff accelerator at the MIT High Voltage Research Laboratory. Momentum spectra at three scattering angles are reported here and compared to simulation, based on our previous calculation. Good agreement between the measurements and our calculation is observed.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Potential Pharmacological Treatment for Intracranial Aneurysm

Background Saccular intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are outpouchings of the vessel wall of intracranial arteries. Rupture of IAs results in subarachnoid hemorrhage which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical interventions, such as clipping and coiling, have associated risks. Currently, there are no proven pharmacological treatments to prevent the growth or rupture of IAs. Infiltration of proinflammatory cytokines in response to increased wall sheer stress is a hallmark of IA. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are being investigated as potential therapeutic agents for reduction in growth and/or prevention of IA through inhibition of inflammatory pathways. Summary This review will discuss the role of NSAIDs in attenuating the inflammation that drives IA progression and rupture. There are two main subtypes of NSAIDs, nonselective COX and selective COX-2 inhibitors, both of which have merit in treating IA. Evidence will be presented which shows that NSAIDs inhibit several key inflammatory mediators involved in IA progression including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, the role of NSAIDs in limiting inflammatory cell adhesion to endothelial cells and attenuating endothelial cell senescence will be discussed. Key Messages: There is an abundance of basic science and preclinical data that support NSAIDs as a promising treatment for IA. Additionally, a combination treatment strategy of low-dose aspirin given concomitantly with a selective COX-2 inhibitor may result in a reduced side effect profile compared to aspirin or selective COX-2 inhibitor use alone. Several large clinical trials are currently planned to further investigate the efficacy of NSAIDs as an effective nonsurgical treatment for IAs.
Applied Layered-Security Model to IoMT

Nowadays, IoT has crossed all borders and become ubiquitous in everyday life. This emerging technology has a huge success in closing the gap between the digital and the real world. However, security and privacy become huge concerns especially in the medical field which prevent the healthcare industry from adopting it despite its benefits and potentials. This paper focuses on identifying potential security threats to the IoMT and presents the security mechanisms to remove any possible impediment from immune information security of IoMT. A summarized framework of the layered-security model is proposed followed by a specific assessment review of each layer.
Distributed Solar Energy Sharing within Connected Communities: A Coalition Game Approach

As penetration of distributed energy resources such as rooftop photovoitaic (PV) increases, during certain hours of the day, power supplied by distributed generators is anticipated to exceed local consumption needs. This creates the potential to send power flows in the “reverse direction”, which may create a technical challenge for the grid. This paper proposes to examine how the transactive energy might help solve this challenge and also disrupt electricity markets. Specifically, we model an environment in which owners of distributed PV can sell their excess generation to their neighbors through a virtual community exchange. The PV energy sharing is modeled as a cooperative game, which also considers the demand response (DR) of energy trading prosumers. A simplified reward allocation mechanism is developed based on the Shapley value and marginal contributions to allocate the coalition revenue. The objective of the coalition game among multi-prosumers is to maximize the total welfare of these prosumers increase by joining the coalition. A case study with 50 houses (all having distributed PV) in Texas shows that the coalition with both PV sharing and DR could improve cost savings for all prosumers.
Product Kanerva Machines: Factorized Bayesian Memory

An ideal cognitively-inspired memory system would compress and organize incoming items. The Kanerva Machine (Wu et al, 2018) is a Bayesian model that naturally implements online memory compression. However, the organization of the Kanerva Machine is limited by its use of a single Gaussian random matrix for storage. Here we introduce the Product Kanerva Machine, which dynamically combines many smaller Kanerva Machines. Its hierarchical structure provides a principled way to abstract invariant features and gives scaling and capacity advantages over single Kanerva Machines. We show that it can exhibit unsupervised clustering, find sparse and combinatorial allocation patterns, and discover spatial tunings that approximately factorize simple images by object.
Laser Doppler Vibrometry Measurements of Conversion of Surface Guided Waves to Optical Fiber Modes

Previous studies demonstrated the coupling of Lamb waves to guided traveling waves in an optical fiber through an adhesive bond. However, the mode conversion at the specific coupling location has not been experimentally verified. This work measures the mode conversion of ultrasonic waves through an adhesive bond, implementing a high-resolution 3-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometer. Specifically, the propagation of surface guided S0 and A0 modes in a thin plate and their conversion into L01 and F11 modes in an optical fiber are successfully verified. In addition, the conversion of a shear-horizontal mode in the plate into an orthogonal F11 mode is also identified.
Rise and fall of preoperative coronary revascularization.

About 234 million major surgical procedures are performed each year worldwide, of which >60 million surgeries are performed in the United States. Though postoperative major adverse cardiac complica...
Symptomatic osteomalacia after jejunoileal bypass surgery in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism

Abstract A 48-year-old woman underwent jejunoileal bypass surgery for obesity while hypercalcemic. Three years later, she developed symptomatic osteomalacia impairing her daily activities. Bone biopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis of osteomalacia, and treatment with 8000 U daily of vitamin D and milk resulted in striking improvement of clinical symptoms and resolution of her osteomalacia both chemically and histologically. The patient, however, again became hypercalcemic and a parathyroid adenoma was subsequently removed with restoration of serum calcium values to normal. Neither the occurrence and successful treatment of gross symptomatic osteomalacia consequent to Jejunoileal bypass surgery, nor the obscuration of primary hyperparathyroidism by osteomalacia has been hitherto well documented in the United States.
The PD-1 Pathway Regulates Development and Function of Memory CD8+ T Cells following Respiratory Viral Infection

Summary The PD-1 pathway regulates dysfunctional T cells in chronic infection and cancer, but the role of this pathway during acute infection remains less clear. Here, we demonstrate that PD-1 signals are needed for optimal memory. Mice deficient in the PD-1 pathway exhibit impaired CD8+ T cell memory following acute influenza infection, including reduced virus-specific CD8+ T cell numbers and compromised recall responses. PD-1 blockade during priming leads to similar differences early post-infection but without the defect in memory formation, suggesting that timing and/or duration of PD-1 blockade could be tailored to modulate host responses. Our studies reveal a role for PD-1 as an integrator of CD8+ T cell signals that promotes CD8+ T cell memory formation and suggest PD-1 continues to fine-tune CD8+ T cells after they migrate into non-lymphoid tissues. These findings have important implications for PD-1-based immunotherapy, in which PD-1 inhibition may influence memory responses in patients.
Commodity Fetishism as Semblance

With the aid of Hannah Arendt’s distinction between authentic and inauthentic semblances, this article reconstructs Karl Marx’s notion of commodity fetishism as a phenomenological concept. It revea...
Photophysics and excited-state absorption of bis-cyclometalated iridium complexes with isocyanide ancillary ligands

Cyclometalated iridium complexes have long been prominent in electroluminescent applications, and several recent studies have shown that this family of compounds offers several potential advantages for designing materials with reversesaturable absorption (RSA) and other nonlinear optical properties. In this talk we present a comprehensive study of the excited-state properties of three bis-cyclometalated iridium complexes of the general formula [Ir(C^N)2(CNdmp)2]+, where C^N is a variable cyclometalating ligand and CNdmp is 2,6-dimethylisocyanide. The ground-state absorption and photoluminescence (PL) properties are described, with the identity of the cyclometalating ligand having a large effect on the observed PL wavelength. When the cyclometalating ligand is 2-phenylbenzothiazole (pbt), intense yellow PL is observed, whereas the PL with nitro-substituted 9-pyridylphenanthrene or 2-phenylpyridine C^N ligands is red-shifted and much weaker. Transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy was used to evaluate the excited-state absorption of the compounds. TA spectra indicate broad and intense excited-state absorption for all three compounds, with the wavelength profile strongly determined by the cyclometalating ligand. TA lifetimes are consistent with PL lifetimes and strongly oxygendependent, indicating that excited-state absorption that arises from a triplet state. To evaluate the effects of the CNdmp isocyanide ancillary ligands, we include comparisons to charge-neutral Ir(C^N)2(acac) (acac = acetylacetonate) complexes with the same C^N ligands. The isocyanide compounds have substantially blue-shifted ground-state absorption, excitedstate absorption, and PL, and in most cases longer lifetimes compared to the acac analogues.
Augmented ENDF/B-VIII.0 covariance library for SCALE 6.3

Abstract There are many challenges associated with the proper assessment, evaluation, interpretation and use of nuclear data covariance. There are even topics on which the international nuclear data community has not reached a consensus as evidenced by the formation of a subgroup of the Working Party for Nuclear Data Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC) under the auspices of the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) dedicated to working on problems in nuclear data covariance. One of those issues is directly reflected in the disclaimer published with the ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data library. This paper documents the effort undertaken to produce an augmented ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data covariance library to be distributed and used with the upcoming release of the SCALE 6.3 code package. SCALE has a history of distributing a covariance library that is an edited version of the published ENDF/B release. The demonstrated need, the approach methodology and some preliminary results were published earlier in a pair of ORNL reports. The major contribution of this paper, in the spirit of scientific transparency and reproducibility, is to carefully document the intent and procedure that were used to create the augmented ENDF/BVIII. 0 covariance library for SCALE 6.3 such that the users of SCALE are clearly informed about how the ENDF/B-VIII.0 covariance library was augmented.
NEW APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL ULTRASTRUCTURE BY HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

Publisher Summary Improvements in specimen preparation techniques and instrumentation have made it possible to perform high-resolution electron microscope and electron diffraction studies of biological systems under conditions approaching the hydrated native state. As a result of the better morphological and histochemical preservation achieved by these techniques, including liquid-helium cryofixation and related low-temperature methods, previously undetected unit components have been observed in the plane of the layers of photo-receptors and related lamellar systems. Correlated electron-microscope and biochemical studies of mitochondrial membranes have resulted in the detection and isolation of a fundamental unit of energy transduction, corresponding to the respiratory enzyme assemblies in mitochondrial membranes. Enhanced contrast and resolution of the order of 8A were achieved in direct studies of the macromolecular organization of τ2 bacteriophage particles, ribosomes, and of isolated cell constituents. Electron microbeam probes, measuring only 100 to 1,000 A in diameter, have also been applied in controlled irradiation of selected minute regions of hydrated systems containing DNA, including the head portion of single bacteriophage particles and viable bacterial spores.