cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Classical S matrix: Application to classically forbidden vibrational excitation for He+HBr and H+Br2

The integral expressions of classical S matrix theory are tested against quantum mechanical results and classical path-forced quantum oscillator results for vibrational transition probabilities in collinear collisions of atoms with harmonic and Morse vibrators for the H+Br2 and He+HBr mass combinations. The interaction potential is assumed to be a repulsive exponential function. The energy range studied (in units of ℏ) is 2–10 for H+Br2 and 2–6 for He+HBr. The integral expressions are found to be accurate within a factor of two for almost all transition probabilities greater than 7×10−3 but to be very inaccurate for very small transition probabilities. Quasiclassical trajectory histogram methods are found to be accurate within a factor of two only for transition probabilities greater than 0.15. Neither the integral expressions of classical S matrix theory nor the quasiclassical trajectory histogram method are found to be as generally accurate as the classical path-forced quantum oscillator results.
Looking back on Goffman: The excavation continues

Sometime in late 1959. Erving Goffman is up for tenure but he is persuaded he won't make it and he is ready to quit academia. In 1957, he was invited by Herbert Blumer to join the Department of Sociology of the University of California, Berkeley, to fit the niche of "social psychol? ogy" left vacant by the departure of T. Shibutani. On January 1, 1958, he was hired as "Visiting Assistant Professor" with a yearly salary of $6,840.
Thermal Protection of Laundry-Appliance Motors

Laundry-appliance motors have displayed considerable evolution through the 1960's, and this has led to more critical demands on the thermal protector. This evolution is forecast to continue with still increased efficiencies in the utilization of active materials and the development of advanced insulating materials. These demands were understood by engineers experience in designing thermal-protection systems to be the signal for the development of an advanced generation of laundry-appliance thermal protectors. Application conditions relevant to the design of a thermal protector forlaundry-appliance motors, the interpretation of the effects of these conditions, and the conception of a new thermal protector are described. This protector is then examined in an actual application to a motor and in its operating characteristics; it is also examined in the light of possible changes of application conditions.
Elimination of artifacts in short echo time 1H MR spectroscopy of the frontal lobe

Localized 1H spectra from the frontal part of the human brain are often distorted by "ghost" artifacts, especially with short echo time PRESS sequences. These artifacts are caused by insufficient dephasing of unwanted coherences involving magnetization in the sinuses and the mouth. Because the various unwanted coherences of a PRESS sequence are dephased differently, the order of the slice gradients has a pronounced effect on the spectral quality. For frontal voxels, the last slice gradient has to be applied in the axial direction. With this slice order, the major metabolites can be quantified with an interindividual variability of about 10%.
Serum protein-binding characteristics of vancomycin.

A synthesis of studies of serum protein binding of vancomycin and its reported abnormal binding in serum with very high concentrations of immunoglobulin A (IgA) suggests that this antibiotic may be bound to more than one serum protein. Using an ultrafiltration method for separating free from bound drug and high-performance liquid chromatography to measure drug concentration, we studied the binding characteristics of vancomycin for alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, IgG, IgM, IgA, and albumin. The results showed that vancomycin does not bind to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, IgG, or IgM. Major binding to albumin and IgA occurs, and total drug binding to serum proteins can be fully explained by binding to these two proteins. We calculated an N (number of binding sites per molecule) of 1.3 +/- 0.4 and a K (association constant) of 3.3 x 10(5) +/- 6.3 x 10(4) M-1 (NK = 4.3 x 10(5) M-1) for binding to IgA, whereas the corresponding NK value for albumin was only 527.5 M-1, indicating that vancomycin preferentially binds to IgA. Very high concentrations of IgA in serum (i.e., grams per deciliter), such as in patients with IgA myeloma, may result in the paradox of high (total) concentrations of vancomycin in serum that may be clinically ineffective.
Transistorized Switching Control of a Variable-Speed DC Motor

Where a dc motor is supplied energy from a storage battery or other fixed voltage source, variable-speed operation is usually accomplished by adding resistance in series with the motor supply. In this type of control, only 3 part of the total energy delivered by the source is available at the motor to do useful work. The balance of the energy is converted into heat by the series resistance and is lost. A more desirable approach to speed control, as presented in this report, is to insert a switch rather than a resistor in series with the motor's supply. Here the switch would be opened and closed at regular intervals which would represent infinite or zero series resistance, respectively. In either state, the switch would present no energy losses to the circuit. The motor speed varies with the percentage of time the switch remains closed. The latter system has the advantage that for a given speed setting, variations in load will not cause fluctuations in speed due to IR drop in any series resistor. The transistorized switching circuit described in detail in this report represents an efficient method of switching the motor supply current for good speed control. The laboratory model, which gave very satisfactory performance, was designed to control 20 amperes at 24 volts, or approximately a one-half horsepower motor. This rating may be increased with only minor modifications to the circuit.
Glenoid labrum tears related to the long head of the biceps

Tears of the glenoid labrum were observed in 73 base ball pitchers and other throwing athletes who under went arthroscopic examination of the dominant shoul der. Most of the tears were located over the anterosu perior portion of the glenoid labrum near the origin of the tendon of the long head of the biceps muscle into the glenoid.At arthroscopy, the tendon of the long head of the biceps appeared to originate through and be continuous with the superior portion of the glenoid labrum. In many cases it appeared to have pulled the anterosuperior portion of the labrum off the glenoid. This observation was verified at arthroscopy by viewing the origin of the biceps tendon into the glenoid labrum as the muscle was electrically stimulated. With stimulation of the mus cle, the tendinous portion became quite taut, particu larly near its attachment to the glenoid labrum, and actually lifted the labrum off the glenoid.Three-dimensional high-speed cinematography with computer analysis revealed that the moment acting a...
4-Hydroxynonenal increases γ-glutamyl transpeptidase gene expression through mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) plays key roles in the metabolism of glutathione. Previous studies have shown that GGT expression was increased by oxidants, but the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the effects of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), an electrophilic end product of lipid peroxidation, on GGT expression were investigated in rat lung epithelial type II (L2) cells. We demonstrated that HNE increased GGT activity and mRNA content in both time- and dose-dependent manners. Actinomycin D, an RNA transcription inhibitor, blocked HNE-stimulated increase in GGT mRNA, suggesting transcriptional regulation of GGT mRNA by HNE. Of the seven GGT mRNA transcripts known to be produced from the single rat GGT gene, we found that types I, II, and V-2 were constitutively expressed in L2 cells, but only types I and V-2 were increased by HNE. PD98059 and SB203580, relatively specific inhibitors of the ERK and the p38MAPK kinase pathway, respectively, significantly attenuated HNE induction of both GGT activity and mRNA content. In contrast, studies with JNK inhibitor I, a cell-permeable peptide, indicated that JNK was not involved in the GGT induction by HNE. We also found that GGT induction by HNE could be completely blocked by a cocktail of PD98059 and SB203580, suggesting a combined effect of ERK and p38MAPK pathways in HNE-mediated GGT induction. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that HNE increased GGT expression in rat alveolar type II cells and that the induction of GGT by HNE was mediated through activation of the ERK and p38MAPK pathways.
Statistically-based interaction indices derived from molecular surface electrostatic potentials: a general interaction properties function (GIPF)

Abstract A number of physical properties determined primarily by non-covalent interactions can be expressed quantitatively in terms of molecular surface area plus three statistically-based quantities obtained from the surface electrostatic potential: Π, a measure of local polarity; σ 2 tot , which indicates the variability of the potential on the surface; v , a measure of the balance between positive and negative regions. In the applications discussed, these quantities and the area are obtained through ab initio computations. The various specific relationships can be summarized through a general interaction properties function (GIPF), property = f (area, Π, σ 2 tot , v ) the functional form of which depends upon the property of interest.
Regiospecific silver[I] promoted, palladium[O]-catalyzed intramolecular addition of aryl iodides to vinyl sulfones.

Abstract Treatment of aryl iodides with 5% tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium[O] in the presence of silver nitrate and triethylamine in acetonitrile at reflux effects intramotecular conjugate-addition/reductive elimination to generate an annulated vinyl sulfone. Omission of the silver nitrate produces mixtures of vinyl and allyl sulfones.
Innovative firms in emerging market countries

The article reviews the book "Innovative Firms in Emerging Market Countries" edited by Edmund Mann and John Cantwell.
Estrogen Receptor-α and β are Differentially Distributed, Expressed and Activated in the Fetal Genital Tubercle

Purpose: We examined the ontogenic and sex specific expression of estrogen receptor-α and β in mouse genital tubercles and assessed the effects of in utero estrogen exposure on these parameters.Materials and Methods: Expression of the 2 genes was detected in mouse genital tubercles from fetuses collected on gestational days 12, 14, 16 and 18, and from newborns using immunohistochemistry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Pregnant dams were exposed to ethinyl estradiol or corn oil as the control.Results: Estrogen receptor-α and β proteins first appeared on gestational days 12 and 14, respectively. The 2 proteins were expressed in the urethral plate and mesenchyma. Staining intensity was more prominent in the mesenchyma for estrogen receptor-α and in the urethral plate for estrogen receptor-β. Female genital tubercles expressed more estrogen receptor-α than male genital tubercles (p <0.01), while estrogen receptor-α expression increased gradually in the 2 sexes until birth. Estrogen receptor-β expr...
DSKE: Dynamic Set Key Encryption

In this paper, we present a novel paradigm for studying the problem of group key distribution, use it to analyze existing key distribution schemes, and then present a novel scheme for group key distribution which we call “Dynamic Set Key Encryption,” or DSKE. DSKE meets the demands of a tactical environment while relying only on standard cryptographic primitives. Our “set key” paradigm allows us to focus on the underlying problem of establishing a confidential communication channel shared by a group of users, without concern for related security factors like authenticity and integrity, and without the need to consider any properties of the group beyond a list of its members. This separation of concerns is vital to our development and analysis of DSKE, and can be applied elsewhere to simplify the analyses of other group key distribution schemes.
Extracytoplasmic sucrose synthesis in higher plants

Abstract For some time cell surface enzymes have been known to occur in yeast and other fungi (1). More recently hydrolytic enzymes have been demonstrated in the outer (free) space of higher plants (2,3,4,5). In the discussion that follows the terminology of Epstein (6) will be used, namely, outer space to refer to the extracytoplasmic portion of the tissue volume, which is confined to the cell wall region external to the plasma membrane, and is freely accessible to solutes in the ambient solution by diffusion, and inner space to refer to the portion internal to the plasma membranes (cf. 4). Although inner space includes both cytoplasm and vacuole, the view is adopted that the cytoplasm is the metabolic compartment and the vacuole functions largely as an intracellular storage compartment (4,7). Previous studies showed that the endocarp of Kentucky Wonder pole beans stores sugar largely as glucose and fructose, approximately equimolarly, with only traces of sucrose present (8,9). During aging of endocarp tissue in vitro on water-wetted filter paper considerable synthesis of sucrose occurred attending changes in membrane permeability (9). In exudation droplets which appeared on the upper tissue surfaces the concentration of sucrose was 0.03 M, with a sucrose/reducing sugar ratio of 16.0, while among the inner space sugars the ratio was 0.6. The gradient in the sucrose/reducing sugar ratio suggested the possibility that during leakage of sugars sucrose was synthesized in the outer space. This report presents the results of investigations which demonstrate the occurrence of outer space synthetic enzymes, namely uridinediphosphoglucose (UDPG) fructose transglucosylase and UDPG pyrophosphorylase, in fresh endocarp tissue.
Generation of ultrasonic replica wave packets.

Conduction electrons on closed orbits in pure copper single crystals at low temperatures can interact with an ultrasonic wave packet to produce replicas of the wave packet nearby. Measurements of the ratio of replica amplitude to primary amplitude for magnetic fields between 50 and 260 G are reported. The measurements are compared with the predictions of existing theoretical models. A semiquantitative model for the generation of replica wave packets is presented which explains many of the features of the magnetic field dependence of the replica amplitude and suggests new ways to calculate the electron relaxation time in metals. The use of replica wave generation in a device to produce a continuously variable signal delay is proposed, and an application of the measurements of replica-wave-packet amplitude to the theory of electromagnetic generation of ultrasound is discussed.
Effect of group-selective modification reagents on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activities.

Abstract Two forms of hamster hepatic arylamine N -acetyltransferase (NAT; EC 2.3.1.5), designated NAT I and NAT II, were purified 200- to 300-fold by sequential 35–50% ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography, AAB affinity chromatography, DEAE ion exchange chromatography, and P-200 gel filtration chromatography. Treatment of either NAT I or NAT II with N -ethylmaleimide (NEM), a cysteine selective reagent, caused a concentration-dependent loss of enzymatic activities. Acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) protected NAT I against inactivation by NEM, whereas both 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and AcCoA protected NAT II against inactivation. Incubation of either NAT I or NAT II with phenylglyoxal (PG), an arginine selective reagent, caused a time-dependent and a concentration-dependent loss of both NAT I and NAT II activities; the inactivations followed pseudo first-order kinetics. The reaction order with respect to PG was approximately two for each enzyme, consistent with the expected stoichiometry for the reaction of PG with arginine. The presence of AcCoA provided full protection of NAT I against inactivation by PG. However, neither AcCoA nor 2-AAF provided protection of NAT II against inactivation by PG. Diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC), a histidine selective reagent, caused time-dependent and concentration-dependent pseudo first-order inactivation of both NAT I and NAT II. Neither AcCoA nor products of NAT-catalyzed reactions protected NAT I and NAT II against inactivation by DEPC. These results suggest that cysteine, arginine and histidine residues are essential to the catalytic activity of both NAT I and NAT II; the cysteine(s) is located at or near the binding site of NAT I and NAT II, and the arginine residue appears to be located in the AcCoA binding site of NAT I. In contrast, the essential arginine residue(s) of NAT II and the essential histidine residue(s) of both NAT I and NAT II are not likely to reside in the binding site of the enzymes.
Dynamic event detection and location using wide area phasor measurements

This paper presents an online dynamic event detection and location method that uses wide-area generator rotor frequency measurements. It combines a variance-based approach to event detection with a clustering-based approach to event location. In the offline phase, the method involves partitioning the buses in a power network into coherent groups and selecting a single generator to represent each group. In the online phase, the method involves calculating the variance of each representative's rotor frequency over sliding window. This paper provides explanation and evidence that different detection thresholds should be used for variance-based triggers that have different window lengths. If the threshold is varied linearly with the window length then the variance-based criterion resembles the long-window derivative-based criterion. This paper provides guidelines for adjusting the window length and the detection threshold in a coordinated manner to balance the tradeoff between the detection delay and the prevalence of false detections. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Midwinter Stratospheric Warmings in the Southern Hemisphere General Remarks and a Case Study

Abstract Anomalously high stratospheric temperatures were measured by rocket sounding techniques over McMurdo, Antarctica, in midwinter 1963. Because of the importance of these observations in determining whether the Southern Hemispheric circulation exhibits midwinter stratospheric warming events similar to those in the Northern Hemisphere, data sources independent of the rocket soundings are examined. The data from the 15-μ radiometer aboard TIROS VII, capable of determining the gross features of stratospheric temperature patterns, are used to check the rocket temperatures. Winds at McMurdo measured from rocketsonde techniques are used to determine the direction and magnitude of the 28-km thermal wind, which is compared with observed (rocket and radiosonde) temperatures. The TIROS VII radiometer data and the thermal wind and temperature gradient data are shown to be inconsistent with the high temperatures measured by the rocketsonde. Some suggestions are made as to the reasons for this apparent inconsist...
An N‐Stage, Fractional Period, Quarterly Dividend Discount Model

This paper develops a dividend discount model that will allow as many growth stages as desired. The model is directly applicable to most common stocks in that quarterly dividends are assumed and you need not be on a dividen payment date. The equation is easily programmed into a computer and is computationally very fast. The Newton-Rhapson algorithm is suggested as a means for estimating the required rate of return.
Simultaneous Co-segmentation and Predictive Modeling for Large, Temporal Marketing Data

Several marketing problems involve prediction of customer purchase behavior and forecasting future preferences. We consider predictive modeling of large scale, bi-modal or multimodal temporal marketing data, for instance, datasets consisting of customer spending behavior over time. Such datasets are characterized by variability in purchase patterns across different customer subgroups and shifting trends in behavior over time, which pose challenges to any predictive technique. The response variable in this case can be viewed as the entries of a matrix/tensor, while the independent variables are the attributes associated with different modes. We propose a simultaneous co-segmentation and learning approach that partitions the input space into relatively homogeneous regions by simultaneously clustering the"customers", segmenting the "time" axis and concurrently learning predictive models for each (evolving) homogeneous partition. This approach forms a very general framework for predicting missing entries in the data matrix/tensor as well as for making predictions for new entities, e.g., new customers or future time intervals. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach through detailed experimentation on the challenging ERIM marketing dataset.
The candidate proto-oncogene bcl-3 is related to genes implicated in cell lineage determination and cell cycle control

Abstract A gene, bcl -3, is found on chromosome 19 adjacent to the breakpoints in the translocation t(14;19)(q32;q13.1), which occurs in some cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sequence analysis of the human bcl -3 gene predicts a protein containing seven tandem copies of the SW16cdc10 motif. This motif was previously identified in yeast genes that regulate events at the start of the cell cycle and in invertebrate transmembrane proteins involved in cell differentiation pathways. Expression of bcl -3 in normal blood cells increases markedly following mitogenic stimulation, and leukemic cells with the translocation show much greater expression than controls. These results suggest that bcl -3 is a proto-oncogene that may contribute to leukemogenesis when abnormally expressed.
Ruthenium(II) complex with a notably longexcited state lifetime

A new Ru(II) diimine complex, [Ru(5-pyrenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)]3(PF6)2 ([Ru(py-phen)3]2+), possesses a room temperature excited state lifetime of 148 ± 8 μs.
Fractal curves and complexity

Fractal curves were generated on square initiators and rated in terms of complexity by eight viewers. The stimuli differed in fractional dimension, recursion, and number of segments in their generators. Across six stimulus sets, recursion accounted for most of the variance in complexity judgments, but among stimuli with the most recursive depth, fractal dimension was a respectable predictor. Six variables from previous psychophysical literature known to effect complexity judgments were compared with these fractal variables: symmetry, moments of spatial distribution, angular variance, number of sides,P2A, and Leeuwenberg codes. The latter three provided reliable predictive value and were highly correlated with recursive depth, fractal dimension, and number of segments in the generator, respectively. Thus, the measures from the previous literature and those of fractal parameters provide equal predictive value in judgments of these stimuli.
Generating nonlinear class boundaries using distributed encodings

Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) networks function as hyperplane classifiers when applied to classification problems. Therefore, MLP networks can be inefficient when applied to problems in which class boundaries are inadequately modeled by hyperplanes. Attempts to remedy this problem typically necessitate the introduction of a new neural network model in which alternative node connection functions are used to allow the formation of nonlinear class boundaries. In this paper we demonstrate the use of a biologically motivated data representation scheme which, while working within the constraints of the MLP model, permits the development of nonlinear class boundaries. The enhancements afforded by the data representation scheme are demonstrated and analyzed in the context of a classification problem.
Methyl 3,4-0-isopropylidene-2-O-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-thio-β-L-fucopyranoside — a novel, efficient glycosylating reagent for the synthesis of linear and other α-L-fucosyl oligosaccharides

Abstract A facile approach toward the synthesis of linear L-fucosyloligosaccharides containing α-L-(1»2) interglycosidic linkages was made possible through the development and utilization of the titled glycosylating reagent. Synthesis of methyl-O-(α-L-fucopyranosyl)-(lα2)-O(α-L-fucopyranosyl)-(1»2)-α-L-fucopyranoside is described. Extended application toward facile and stereoselective synthesis of fucosyl oligosaccharides containing an anomeric p-nitrophenyl or benzyl group is presented.
Chaotic Behavior of the Forced Hodgkin-Huxley Axon

Using the method of Benetin, et. al., [3] and of Shimada and Nagashima [9], the Liapunov exponents of the stimulated Hodgkin-Huxley equations were estimated for different forcing amplitudes and frequencies. From the Kaplan-Yorke conjecture [7], the dimension of the underlying attractor in (V, n, m, h)-space was approximated. The Hodgkin-Huxley equations were taken in the form (see [6]) in which the unstimulated axon is not in a state of self-sustained oscillation. In this sense, the work of ([1],[2], [5]) is complemented.
Rapid temperature compensation of volitional swimming speeds and lethal temperatures in tropical tunas (Scombridae)

Observations on continuously swimming tunas were used to determine effects of temperature upon volitional locomotory activity and to determine upper and lower lethal temperatures. Experimental subjects were 10 skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, 9 kawakawa, Euthynnus affinis, and 3 yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares.
Questioning Moral Theories

Not a day passes but we find ourselves indignant about something or other. When is our indignation justified, and when does it count as moral indignation rather than a legitimate but non-moral gripe? You might think that we should turn to moral theories – to the varieties of utilitarian, Kantian, virtue theories, etc – to answer this question. I shall try to convince you that this is a mistake, that moral theory – as it is ordinarily presently conceived and studied – does not have a specific subject matter, a specific aim, scope or boundaries. You might think that the difference between echt moral indignation and other forms of disapproval is their relative strength or the importance of their target; but moral indignation can be quite faint, directed to a relatively minor transgression and a strongly felt gripe may be directed to a serious but presumptively non-moral infraction. I shall try to persuade you that morality does not constitute an important and distinctive domain with a distinctive set of over-riding norms or a privileged mode of reasoning: morality is everywhere or nowhere in particular. Radical as this claim may sound, I am not a complete Luddite about the matter. Traditional moral theories nevertheless have important functions. But rather than being competing ‘winner takes all’ explanatory and normative theories, OldSpeak moral systems function heuristically. They offer a heterogeneous set of reminders, questions, advice, ideals, warnings, considerations for deliberation. While we try to integrate and systematize them, there is no single overarching organizational plan.
MPI on the I-WAY: a wide-area, multimethod implementation of the Message Passing Interface

High-speed wide-area networks enable innovative applications that integrate geographically distributed computing, database, graphics, and networking resources. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) can be used as a portable, high-performance programming model for such systems. However, the wide-area environment introduces challenging problems for the MPI implementor, because of the heterogeneity of both the underlying physical infrastructure and the authentication and software environment at different sites. We describe an MPI implementation that incorporates solutions to these problems. This implementation, which was developed for the I-WAY distributed-computing experiment, was constructed by layering MPICH on the Nexus multithreaded runtime system. Nexus provides automatic configuration mechanisms that can be used to select and configure authentication, process creation, and communication mechanisms in heterogeneous systems.
Influence of Juvenile Size on the Age at Maturity of Individually Marked Wild Chinook Salmon

Abstract The age at maturity for an organism represents a trade-off between survival and reproductive fitness and is controlled by both genetic factors and environmental conditions. In the case of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., most of our understanding of the importance of various drivers in determining age at maturity has relied on information from cohort analyses using average size and age conditions or from hatchery fish that might not reflect observed patterns in wild fish. I used 14 years of adult return data from individually passive integrated transponder (PIT)–tagged wild Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha from the Snake River to examine the influence of juvenile size on subsequent age at maturity. I also included information on the natal watershed as a surrogate for genetic influence. I found a significant, positive relationship between juvenile length and the proportion of adult salmon returning at age 4 versus age 5, but the effect of juvenile length varied among the three watersheds. This sugge...
Meaningful Lives and Major Life Activities

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) was expected to grant much needed freedom for tens of millions of Americans with physical or mental disabilities, but to the surprise and dismay of many of the Act's supporters, courts routinely refuse to hear the claims of people with physical impairments or diseases such as cancer or epilepsy, in effect saying that these individuals are not "disabled enough." This emphasis on difference is troubling to plaintiffs who seek treatment as equals, and the necessary change in interpretation can be accomplished through the part of the ADA's definition that invites consideration of sameness or equality: the identification of "major life activities."A wide-ranging, thoroughgoing inquiry into what qualifies as a major life activity is needed, and a philosopher's approach to this investigation is one that the ADA can accommodate. This article first sketches the current legal landscape and proposes a standard for determining whether a life activity is major. Then several philosophical accounts of the "good human life" are explored. Next are brief illustrations from other fields to demonstrate what they could contribute to the inquiry. Last, the article returns briefly to the ADA to note the Act's ambitions and its appreciation of the everyday aspects of life.
Perceptions of the First Family Counseling Session: Why Families Come Back

This article reports the findings of a study that examined why families choose to return to family therapy after their first family therapy session. The 87 families that were referred to a university family counseling center for assistance with their children’s behavioral problems at school completed an author-developed survey in which they rated the influence of various therapist-related and family-related factors on their decision to return for a second session. Factor analysis of the survey data revealed that the families’ positive experience of the therapist during the first session had the strongest influence on their continuation decision. The findings suggest that family therapists are not helpless victims to client attrition after the first session, but rather, have the strongest potential for influencing client decisions to come back. Specific family therapist actions for maximizing family continuation after the first session are described.
Theoretical Study of the Molecular and Electronic Structures of TiO4H4, Ti2O7H6, and Ti2O6H4

State-of-the-art multistate configuration interaction (CI) calculations were performed for a series of titanium complexes, namely, TiO 4 H 4 , Ti 2 O 7 H 6 , and Ti 2 O 6 H 4 , which were chosen to identify features present in titanium oxide nanoclusters and titanium dioxide surfaces. All electrons were included in the calculations, and transformation methods were employed to achieve high accuracy for the excitations of interest. The electronic structures of the ground and excited states are discussed, and excitation energies are reported for different molecular conformations. Of particular interest is the extent of localization of the electron-hole pair formed upon excitation from the oxygen 2p molecular orbitals. Singlet and triplet excited states were resolved, and energies of electronic states are reported as a function of molecular geometry.
Abstract 15606: Genome-wide Loss-of-Function Screen Identifies SNARE Proteins as a Central Component of Programmed Necrosis

Background: It has become apparent that while apoptosis occurs in the heart after myocardial infarction, more cells die by necrosis, which we and others have recently shown can be a regulated process. Defining the molecular mechanisms underlying programmed cellular necrosis may thus offer novel treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease and other cell death-driven disease processes. Methods: To identify novel molecular effectors of programmed necrotic cell death we developed a functional cell-based assay to quantitate plasma membrane rupture (a hallmark of necrosis) in conjunction with a high-throughput, robotic-based screen using an shRNA total genome library in lentivirus. This library consists of over 77,500 clones targeting more than 16,000 genes in the mouse genome (~5 clones/gene target) to enable loss-of-function screening in a 96-well format. Results: We identified hundreds of shRNA clones that enhanced membrane rupture (protective gene targets), as well as hundreds of shRNA clones that inhibited membrane rupture (pro-necrosis gene targets). Using bioinformatic enrichment analyses and gene ontology grouping, a novel and interesting pathway emerged that was associated with the SNARE-complex and genes affecting membrane fusion events. Secondary screening with a custom SNARE pathway library of 350 lenti-shRNAs targeted against 66 genes confirmed a prominent role in programmed necrosis initiated by a variety of death-inducing stimuli. Indeed, knockdown of select genes in this membrane fusion/SNARE pathway ameliorated programmed cellular necrosis in vitro. Summary: These findings suggest membrane fusion/SNARE complex pathways as a novel biological component of programmed necrosis and provide an entirely new therapeutic strategy for reducing cell death in the heart following myocardial infarction injury.
Analysis of ED and UCC Visits Related to Synthetic Marijuana in ESSENCE-FL, 2010-2015

One of the numerous functions of syndromic data has been the identification of visits of interest using customized free text queries. For this study a specific query was created to search for and identify visits possibly related to the use of synthetic marijuana. This presentation will quantify this public health issue in Florida as well discuss the use of free text queries to identify visits related to other, even newer, synthetic drugs.
Research on the electromagnetic environment of ships based on the high frequency algorithm

Research on the electromagnetic environment on ships that are mounted with many electric sys-tems and equipment are of vital importance on improving the electromagnetic compatibility and protectioncapability. First,the physical theory of diffraction(PTD)algorithm is verified with simplified models, whichcan be used to calculate the target shaded area and edge diffraction field when calculating the scatteredfield. Then,the physical optics(PO)and PTD are combined to calculate the field around the ship illuminat-ed by electromagnetic waves. Next,the results are compared to the MIL-STD-461 C standard, and the haz-ard areas of the ship are estimated, revealing that the superstructure is the major hazard area. Finally, the raytracing from the source to the view point beside the mast is obtained with the method of geometrical theory ofdiffraction(GTD),which successfully explains the potential threat of superstructures: the electromagneticwave that impinges on the structure of the ship will be repeatedly reflected. In brief, the combination of a va-riety of algorithms for the studying of the ship electromagnetic compatibility has a great significance.
Electroplated thick-film cobalt platinum permanent magnets

Abstract The material and magnetic properties of multi-micron-thick (up to 6 μm) L1 0 CoPt magnetic films electroplated onto silicon substrates are investigated as candidate materials for integration in silicon-based microsystems. The influence of various process conditions on the structure and magnetic properties of electroplated CoPt thick-films is studied in order to better understand the complex process/structure/property relationships associated with the electroplated films. Process variables studied here include different seed layers, electroplating current densities (ranging from 25–200 mA/cm 2 ), deposition times (up to 60 min), and post-deposition annealing times and temperatures. Analyses include film morphology, film thickness, composition, surface roughness, grain size, phase volume fractions, and L1 0 ordering parameter. Key correlations are found relating process and structure variations to the extrinsic magnetic properties (remanence, coercivity, squareness, and energy product). Strong hard magnetic properties ( B r ~0.8 T, H ci ~800 kA/m, squareness close to 0.9, and BH max of 100 kJ/m 3 ) are obtained for films deposited on Si/TiN/Ti/Cu at current densities of 100 mA/cm 2 , pH of 7, and subsequently annealed at 675 °C for 30 min.
Recent HIV Testing Prevalence, Determinants, and Disparities Among U.S. Older Adult Respondents to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Background Although routine human immune deficiency virus (HIV) testing during health care visits is recommended for most adults, many older adults (i.e., ages 50–64 years) do not receive it. This study identified factors associated with HIV testing in the past 12 months (i.e., recent HIV testing) among US adults in the 3 categories of older adulthood (50–54, 55–59, and 60–64 years) for which routine HIV testing is recommended.
End-Product Inhibition of Tyrosine Hydroxylase as a Possible Mechanism for Regulation of Norepinephrine Synthesis

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of endogenous norepinephrine content on the rate of norepinephrine synthesis in vivo . Tissue levels of norepinephrine were increased in guinea pigs by administration of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and tyrosine-14C and DOPA-3H were used to measure norepinephrine synthesis. In brain and heart when norepinephrine levels were increased 2- to 3-fold, conversion of tyrosine-14C to norepinephrine was decreased markedly. When tyrosine hydroxylase was bypassed by administering DOPA-3H, conversion to norepinephrine was actually increased. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that norepinephrine synthesis is regulated by a mechanism of end-product inhibition at the tyrosine hydroxylase step.
Blake’s Deep Ecology, or the Ethos of Otherness

The matter motivating this chapter, which analyzes an emergent ecological criticism manifest in a wide range of disciplines through the poetry of William Blake, seems both controversial and necessary. It is controversial, in that it applies a contemporary political view to past poets and their poetry, which might seem anachronistic at best or pure projection at worst (the twin traces of contemporary desire, one might say). Yet recent research has firmly established the ecological dimension of Romantic poetics, obviating, for the most part, any controversy in such applications. It is necessary, because it directly responds to a physical crisis in which all are implicated and requires us to rethink our intellectual enterprises and institutions.1 Most Romantic poetics, which carries with it responsibilities, urges such a recognition of all human activities that impinge upon the active universe. Thus, ‘Ecological criticism’ is well adapted to approach Romantic poetic events, since all ecocriticism ‘shares the fundamental premise that human culture is connected to the physical world, affecting it and affected by it’ (Glotfelty and Fromm xix). Ecocriticism will not simply slip away into the forests of the night, to paraphrase Blake’s ‘The Tyger’, since the crisis with which ecological thought grapples will deepen in relation to the supposed success of what Fredric Jameson describes as ‘late capitalism’ (Postmodernism 3).
E2Flash — Alle Speicher auf einem Chip

In vielen Anwendungsfallen wird im Automobil ein nichtfluchtiger Datenspeicher benotigt. Haufig wird aus kommerziellen und technischen Grunden das externe EEPROM mit dem Mikrocontroller-internen Flash-Speicher emuliert. Dies scheitert jedoch haufig an der begrenzten Anzahl der Schreib-Loschzyklen, dem eingeschrankten Temperaturbereich wahrend des Flash-Vorgangs oder der ungeeigneten Speichersegmentierung. Renesas stellt eine Kombination aus Code-Flash, Datenflash und EEPROM-Flash Speicher vor, die neben simultanem Schreiben und Loschen auch den Anforderungen an Schreib-Loschzyklen, Datenerhalt und Temperaturbereich genugt.
Power and energy of futuristic automobiles

For years the vision for futuristic vehicles has being in the mind of many engineers. Nonetheless, the combination of many old thoughts and ideas has played a significant role to modern day vehicles as well a major foundation to futuristic vehicles. Improvements to the early vehicle are what will create the futuristic vehicle. The search for better motors and clean efficient energy is well under way. To enhance the understanding of these technologies, it is best to recognize the history of cars. It is also important to realize the major effects the DC and AC motors have with today's vehicles. The importance of energy sources has to also be taken into consideration. Many different types of batteries have been introduced as sources. These batteries have their advantages as well as disadvantages. Some of these disadvantages include chemicals that, if mixed, can be corrosive. However, research is now in progress to reduce these types of problems
Focus on Technology: Digitizing Students' Writing With Online Tools: Hani Morgan, Editor

Today, young learners must know how to write well in digital formats. This seemingly simple expectation is actually quite complex and presents two challenges for educators. First, little research e...
Novel Intraoperative Neurophysiologic Monitoring (IONM) Techniques during Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) to Rapidly Assess Central Spinal Cord versus Peripheral Limb Ischemia (P4.192)

OBJECTIVE: We present a novel multimodality IONM approach to facilitate rapid assessment and prompt differentiation of contributing factors to suspected ischemia during TEVAR. BACKGROUND: The utility of IONM, including somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and/or transcranial motor evoked potentials (tcMEPs) during TEVAR has previously been described, but there remains no consensus regarding standardized neuromonitoring protocols. Traditional SSEPs and tcMEPs alone may not adequately distinguish central spinal cord versus peripheral limb ischemia, which is of critical importance. METHODS: We present five TEVAR cases for which a unique multimodality IONM protocol was employed that incorporates pudendal/perianal SSEPs and anal sphincter tcMEPs, along with upper/lower extremity SSEPs and tcMEPs, as well as electroencephalography (EEG). RESULTS: In all five cases reliable bilateral anal sphincter tcMEPs were obtained, and in two cases reproducible pudendal/perianal SSEPs were also elicited. In two cases, sudden loss of leg SSEPs and/or tcMEPs was observed during selective vessel catheterization. In contrast, anal sphincter tcMEPs and pudendal/perianal SSEPs remained unchanged. This pattern appeared consistent with transient peripheral limb ischemia rather than spinal cord ischemia (SCI). Following stent deployment, leg SSEPs and tcMEPs returned to baseline with no further changes. In all cases bilateral anal sphincter tcMEPs remained stable throughout TEVAR. All patients awoke postoperatively with no new neurologic deficits or symptoms to suggest recent or delayed onset SCI. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal cord and limb ischemia are potential complications of TEVAR. The loss of extremity SSEPs/tcMEPs with preservation of pudendal/perianal SSEPs and anal sphincter tcMEPs suggests peripheral limb ischemia rather than SCI. We advocate the routine monitoring of anal sphincter tcMEPs and pudendal/perianal SSEPs in conjunction with traditional IONM techniques, to allow for rapid differentiation between central and peripheral causes of evolving ischemia. The surgeon may then better ascertain the need for more aggressive versus conservative treatment interventions to improve perioperative outcomes. Disclosure: Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jones has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cho has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nguyen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Le has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lopez has received research support from Earlogic/Good Ear Company.
Imaging Considerations in Pregnancy

Pregnant women commonly present to the emergency department (ED) for a variety of complaints, and often their evaluation includes diagnostic imaging studies. Confusion exists over how to image a pregnant patient appropriately and safely, and useful diagnostic tests are often unnecessarily avoided. Multiple factors play a role in deciding how and when to use imaging to aid in diagnosis; therefore, possessing a clear understanding of the risks and benefits of each imaging modality is essential. Imaging studies commonly used in the ED include ultrasonography, X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine. Importantly, a necessary diagnostic test should not be withheld from a pregnant patient out of concern for the possible risk to the fetus.
Bile Salt-like Dienones Having a Novel Skeleton or a Rare Substitution Pattern Function as Chemical Cues in Adult Sea Lamprey

Two novel sulfated bile salt-like dienones, featuring either a unique, rearranged side chain or a rare cis-11,12-diol on the steroidal C-ring, herein named petromyzene A (1) and B (2), respectively, were isolated from water conditioned with spawning male sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus; a jawless vertebrate animal). The structures of these natural products were elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Petromyzenes A and B exhibited high olfactory potency for adult sea lamprey and strong behavioral attraction for spawning females.
4D segmentation of longitudinal brain MR images with consistent cortical thickness measurement

Accurate segmentation of the brain MR images plays an important role in investigation of neurodegenerative changes in the cerebral cortex. However, most of the previous algorithms were proposed for segmentation of 3D images and few studies have taken the temporal consistency of cortical-thickness changes into account during the longitudinal studies. In this paper, we propose a 4D segmentation framework for the adult brain MR images with consistent longitudinal cortical thickness changes. Specifically, we utilize local intensity information to address the intensity inhomogeneity, spatial cortical thickness constraint to maintain the cortical thickness within a reasonable range, and temporal cortical thickness constraint to ensure the cortical thickness at the current time-point to be temporally consistent with thicknesses in the neighboring time-points. The proposed method has been tested on BLSA dataset and ADNI dataset. Both qualitative and quantitative experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and consistency of the proposed method, in comparison to other state-of-the-art 4D segmentation methods.