cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Obesity does not decrease the accuracy of testicular examination in anesthetized boys with cryptorchidism.

Purpose: Given that the prevalence of childhood obesity is increasing in the United States, we tested the timely hypothesis that obesity hinders physical examination based localization of the cryptorchid testis.Materials and Methods: Body mass index and percentiles of weight for height and body mass index for age were calculated for boys undergoing surgery for cryptorchidism at the University of California San Francisco Children's Hospital and Children's Hospital of Oakland. Two definitions of obesity were examined, ie greater than 85% or greater than 95% for either percentile. Patients were examined in the office and under general anesthesia before the skin incision. Intraoperative testicular location was recorded for each patient. The numbers of correct and incorrect preoperative determinations of testicular location were stratified by weight classification. Results were analyzed using contingency tables and Fisher's exact test.Results: A total of 161 boys were recruited, accounting for 171 testes. The ...
Inhibition and student regall of instructional messages

This research investigated the effect of trait CA and anticipated interaction on student recall of instructional messages. It was hypothesized anticipated interaction would elicit higher levels of state anxiety in students with high CA which would inhibit their free recall of a lecture. Undergraduate students were tested for their level of trait CA three weeks prior to the main study. They were randomly assigned to either a control (lecture) or experimental (lecture and anticipated interaction) condition. Both groups completed a self report scale of state anxiety and listed their free recall of the lecture. Results supported the hypotheses. High CA students reported greater anxiety and lower recall as predicted. On average, the high CA experimental group showed a decline of 20% in correct recall compared to the high CA control group.
Barriers to Employment Among Working-Aged Patients with Major Burn Injury

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of preexisting and burn-related impairments and to describe their association with preburn employment status. Data gathered during the acute hospitalization were analyzed on a consecutive series of burn patients aged 16 to 64 years (N = 770) enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study. Patients who were unemployed before the injury were more likely than those who were employed to report being alcohol-dependent (36 vs 18%), abusing other drugs (22 vs 10%), having received psychiatric treatment in the past year (21 vs 6%), and having preexisting physical disability (23 vs 3%); all were significant at P < .001). Of the unemployed patients who received toxicologic screening at admission, 49% tested positive for alcohol and 39% positive for other drugs, percentages that were significantly higher than 26 and 31%, respectively, for the employed. With adjustment for age, sex, race, and education, variables that were most predictive of preinjury unemployment status were preexisting physical disability (odds ratio, 51.0; 95% confidence interval, 7.7-336.9) and being alcohol-positive at admission (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.8). Unemployed and employed patients also differed significantly in injury patterns and clinical outcomes, with inhalation injury and psychiatric distress being more prevalent among the unemployed and both hand burns and hand surgery among the employed. The greater prevalence of preexisting impairments among survivors who were unemployed before the injury helps explain why preburn employment status is such a powerful determinant of postburn work outcomes, and suggests the need to include psychosocial services in a program of comprehensive rehabilitation.
Computer-Based Investigative Techniques: A Comparison of Dose Using the MCNP Code for Optically Stimulated Light Dosimeters

AbstractA computer-based investigative technique, using the Los Alamos Monte Carlo code MCNP5 version 1.51 (Radiation Safety Information Computational Center), was completed to assess the shallow dose equivalent (SDE) reported on the Landauer, Inc.,™ Luxel+ optically stimulated light (OSL) dosimeter. Experimental test irradiations were conducted on 18 OSL dosimeters through various controlled exposures to the source (10 mCi 90Sr). The reported SDE for each test irradiation was compared to the results for SDE calculated using MCNP5. All test irradiation experiments were conducted with the 90Sr source placed in direct contact with the dosimeter with slight placement changes across the dosimeter face. It was found that these slight adjustments caused vast differences in reported doses by Landauer. The SDE determined in a tissue matrix using MCNP5 was studied for two of the dosimeter badge geometries, and it was found that some qualitative agreement exists between the reported and simulated doses in contradic...
'What, me worry?': Parents' reasons for worry and nonworry about adolescent risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI).

Little is known about the bases of parental worry about adolescents' risk for acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Parents (N = 247) of adolescents 12—17 years endorsed reasons that explained their worry or nonworry. Parents' past experience of an STI, perception of the child's sexual activity, and racial self-identification were predictors of worry. Cluster analyses identified five groups of worriers and four groups of nonworriers. Worriers tended to select reasons reflecting an external parental locus of control or child-specific reasons. Nonworriers endorsed reasons consistent with internal parental locus of control. Findings suggest that preventive health communication should be tailored to parents' perceptions of risk and protective factors.
MD/PNC with feedback for heterogeneous video multicast in lossy networks

The users that take part in a video multicast session often have different bandwidth capabilities, and also experience different loss rates in the network. The process of delivering video to these receivers appropriate to their available bandwidth is called heterogeneous multicast. We present a solution for this problem based on the combination of multiple description coding and network coding. The receivers feed back information on the number of linearly independent descriptions that they obtain, and this is used to optimize the rate allocation of multiple descriptions. Our simulations show significant improvement in performance compared to unirate multicast that uses network coding. Unlike the case for unirate multicast, users with higher bandwidth receive higher quality video with MD/PNC.
Arrhythmias: Catheter ablation for prevention of ventricular tachycardia.

Patients with structural heart disease are at risk for life-threatening ventricular tachycardias (VTs). Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) can terminate VT, but often at the cost of traumatic shocks, syncope, or even exacerbation of underlying heart disease. Catheter ablation for VT can reduce the need for ICD therapies and is an increasingly important adjunct to the treatment of these patients.
Noise Exposures in Pulp and Paper Production

Abstract Machines employed in pulp and paper manufacturing produce high noise levels that are difficult to control. This paper presents data on noise levels both overall and in octave bands from 300 Hz through 2400 Hz in areas adjacent to such equipment with a discussion of control problems.
Enabling petascale science: data management, troubleshooting, and scalable science services

The Center for Enabling Distributed Petascale Science is developing serviced to enable researchers to manage large, distributed datasets. The center projects focus on three areas: tools for reliable placement of data, issues involving failure detection and failure diagnosis in distributed systems, and scalable services that process requests to access data
Suppression of aortic elastic tissue autofluorescence for the detection of viral antigen.

Suppression of aortic elastic tissue autofluorescence was achieved by employing a modification of Verhoeff's elastic tissue staining procedure. Consequently, coxsackievirus B antigen present in the aortic media was detected by conventional fluorescent antibody staining.
Dynamic behaviour at a nematic liquid crystal-rubbednylon interface using evanescent wave photon correlation spectroscopy

Abstract Photon correlation spectroscopy of light scattered by director fluctuations from an evanescent optical wave propagating in the nematic liquid crystal 5CB is used to study the interfacial dynamic behaviour of the liquid crystal. The intensity correlation function of light scattered by interfacial orientation fluctuations is measured by illuminating to give a short optical penetration depth within the nematic. These surface scattering correlation functions strongly differ from the bulk correlation function and are interpreted in terms of a nematic surface orientation mode arising from the coupling between the director field and the fluid velocity. It is shown that the analysis of the surface mode gives a method for measuring anchoring energies in liquid crystals. The anchoring energy obtained for rotation of the director away from the rubbing direction about an axis normal to the surface for 5CB at a rubbed nylon surface is 7.14±0.7 × 10-2 ergcm-2.
Null geodesics of charged black holes in string theory

In this paper, we investigate the null geodesics of the static-charged black hole in heterotic string theory. A detailed analysis of the geodesics are done in the Einstein frame as well as in the string frame. In the Einstein frame, the geodesics are solved exactly in terms of the Jacobi-elliptic integrals for all possible energy levels and angular momentum of the photons. In the string frame, the geodesics are presented for the circular orbits. As a physical application of the null geodesics, we have obtained the angle of deflection for the photons and the quasinormal modes of a massless scalar field in the eikonal limit.
Self-concepts and occupational prestige among vocational-technical students☆

Abstract This research examines the relationship between the self-concepts and subprofessional occupational prestige ratings of junior college occupational students. Based on cognitive consistency theory, it is hypothesized that high self-concepts are associated with higher prestige ratings for subprofessional occupations. Contrary to such theory, this is not found to be the case. Several alternative interpretations are offered.
RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE UTERUS: A REVIEW

Radiographic evaluation of uterine enlargement is discussed and illustrated. Normal (pregnancy) and abnormal (pyometra, complications of pregnancy, neoplasma) causes of uterine enlargement are addressed. Special radiographic procedures for uterine evaluation are described.
Route of Immunization with Peptide-pulsed Dendritic Cells Controls the Distribution of Memory and Effector T Cells in Lymphoid Tissues and Determines the Pattern of Regional Tumor Control

We have established that the route of immunization with peptide-pulsed, activated DC leads to memory CD8+ T cells with distinct distributions in lymphoid tissues, which determines the ability to control tumors growing in different body sites. Both intravenous (i.v.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) immunization induced memory T cells in spleen and control of metastatic-like lung tumors. s.c. immunization also induced memory T cells in lymph nodes (LNs), imparting protection against subcutaneously growing tumors. In contrast, i.v. immunization-induced memory was restricted to spleen and failed to impart protective immunity against subcutaneously growing tumors. Memory cell distribution and tumor control were both linked to injection route–dependent localization of DCs in lymphoid compartments. Using peripheral LN–ablated mice, these LNs were shown to be essential for control of subcutaneously growing tumors but not lung metastases; in contrast, using immunized asplenic mice, we found that the spleen is necessary and sufficient for control of lung tumors, but unnecessary for control of subcutaneously growing tumors. These data demonstrate the existence of a previously undescribed population of splenic-resident memory CD8 T cells that are essential for the control of lung metastases. Thus, regional immunity based on memory T cell residence patterns is an important factor in DC-based tumor immunotherapy.
GENERATION OF CAMPYLOBACTER FETUS S-LAYER PROTEIN DIVERSITY UTILIZES A SINGLE PROMOTER ON AN INVERTIBLE DNA SEGMENT

Wild-type strains of Campylobacter fetus contain a monomolecular array of surface layer proteins (SLPs) and vary the antigenicity of the predominant SLP expressed. Reciprocal recombination events among the eight genomic SLP gene cassettes, which encode 97- to 149 kDa SLPs, permit this variation. To explore whether SLP expression utilizes a single promoter, we created mutant bacterial strains using insertional mutagenesis by rescue of a marker from plasmids. Experimental analysis of the mutants created clearly indicates that SLP expression solely utilizes the single sapA promoter, and that for variation C. fetus uses a mechanism of DNA rearrangement involving inversion of a 6.2 kb segment of DNA containing this promoter. This DNA inversion positions the sapA promoter immediately upstream of one of two oppositely oriented SLP gene cassettes, leading to its expression. Additionally, a second mechanism of DNA rearrangement occurs to replace at least one of the two SLP gene cassettes bracketing the invertible element. As previously reported promoter inversions in prokaryotes, yeasts and viruses involve alternate expression of at most two structural genes, the ability of C. fetus to use this phenomenon to express one of multiple cassettes is novel.
Techniques for increasing effective data bandwidth

In this paper we examine techniques for increasing the effective bandwidth of the microprocessor off-chip interconnect. We focus on mechanisms that are orthogonal to other techniques currently being studied (3-D fabrication, optical interconnect, etc.) Using a range of full-system simulations we study the distribution of values being transferred to and from memory, and find that (as expected) high entropy data such as floating point numbers have limited compressibility, but that other data types offer more potential for compression. By using a simple heuristic to classify the contents of a cache line and providing different compression schemes for each classification, we show it is possible to provide overall compression at a cache line granularity comparable to that obtained by using a much more complex Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm.
LCP polyesters vs thermosetting polyesters: A paradigm for research in the 21st century

In this paper we attempt to trace the course of development of our work on aromatic copolyesters starting in 1963 with the successful polymerization of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and its aromatic copolyesters and continuing up to the present. In so doing a number of interesting issues are identified which provide us with important insights into the rapidly changing research environment of the past 30 years. Perhaps more importantly, some of the key requirements for successfully carrying out research into the 21st Century within a University framework begin to emerge. As part of the overview, a brief retrospective of work over the last 40 years in the field of high temperature polymers is given to provide a suitable background to the motivation for our research.
Biosynthesis of Phosphonic and Phosphinic Acid Natural Products

Natural products containing carbon-phosphorus bonds (phosphonic and phosphinic acids) have found widespread use in medicine and agriculture. Recent years have seen a renewed interest in the biochemistry and biology of these compounds with the cloning of the biosynthetic gene clusters for several family members. This review discusses the commonalities and differences in the molecular logic that lie behind the biosynthesis of these compounds. The current knowledge regarding the metabolic pathways and enzymes involved in the production of a number of natural products, including the approved antibiotic fosfomycin, the widely used herbicide phosphinothricin (PT), and the clinical candidate for treatment of malaria FR-900098, is presented. Many of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds catalyze chemically and biologically unprecedented transformations, and a wealth of new biochemistry has been revealed through their study. These investigations have also suggested new strategies for natural product discovery.
Reduction in host-finding behaviour in fungus-infected mosquitoes is correlated with reduction in olfactory receptor neuron responsiveness

Chemical insecticides against mosquitoes are a major component of malaria control worldwide. Fungal entomopathogens formulated as biopesticides and applied as insecticide residual sprays could augment current control strategies and mitigate the evolution of resistance to chemical-based insecticides. Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were exposed to Beauveria bassiana or Metarhizium acridum fungal spores and sub-lethal effects of exposure to fungal infection were studied, especially the potential for reductions in feeding and host location behaviours related to olfaction. Electrophysiological techniques, such as electroantennogram, electropalpogram and single sensillum recording techniques were then employed to investigate how fungal exposure affected the olfactory responses in mosquitoes. Exposure to B. bassiana caused significant mortality and reduced the propensity of mosquitoes to respond and fly to a feeding stimulus. Exposure to M. acridum spores induced a similar decline in feeding propensity, albeit more slowly than B. bassiana exposure. Reduced host-seeking responses following fungal exposure corresponded to reduced olfactory neuron responsiveness in both antennal electroantennogram and maxillary palp electropalpogram recordings. Single cell recordings from neurons on the palps confirmed that fungal-exposed behavioural non-responders exhibited significantly impaired responsiveness of neurons tuned specifically to 1-octen-3-ol and to a lesser degree, to CO2. Fungal infection reduces the responsiveness of mosquitoes to host odour cues, both behaviourally and neuronally. These pre-lethal effects are likely to synergize with fungal-induced mortality to further reduce the capacity of mosquito populations exposed to fungal biopesticides to transmit malaria.
Quantitative approach to independent schedule estimates of NASA Science Missions

This paper examines a multi-level quantitative schedule analysis and estimating approach similar to one that is used when evaluating proposal costs, and cost risks. The Aerospace Corporation has developed a process for performing independent schedule estimates (ISE), which utilizes an analogy-based schedule assessment methodology, permitting greater insight into mission development times. The authors have used this tool in many proposal evaluations and independent assessments when estimating planetary and earth-orbiting mission schedules. Specific examples of how this tool has been used to evaluate overall development time and interim development milestone plans will be presented. Additionally, data will be shown for a past application of this tool in evaluating the schedule risk of a mission, and how the data compares to schedule reserves guidelines. This paper illustrates the progression in schedule estimating, and the importance of equal treatment as a programmatic discipline on par with cost estimating.
Internet-Enabled Remote Observation and Control of a Shake Table Experiment

This paper describes a computational framework and the corresponding interfaces required to convert a shake table experiment for remote access including control, observation, and protection from misuse. The laboratory environment is expanded by this research to include remote controlling of the experiment, multiuser viewing, data storage, and download capabilities. The software technology selected for programming this application is LabVIEW and its real-time counterpart, LabVIEW RT. Practical and intuitive control panels coupled with easy to follow data flow block diagrams are made possible by using LabVIEW, which is also capable of handling the data acquisition. The setup in this laboratory environment connects an administrator-controlled host computer to a real-time board that controls the DAQ through a TCP/IP connection. The information sent and received through the DAQ card is processed by LabVIEW RT code embedded upon the real-time board. The information is then sent back to the host computer for saving, visualization, and distribution to remote clients. Data visualization is implemented through a graphical user interface that is intended to serve the functions of an oscilloscope for displaying the accelerations from both the table and the structure in real time. Physical visualization is made possible by way of a real-time video stream. Protection of the experimental system from unintended or accidental damage required sufficient safety protocols.
Effects of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate and Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate on a Na+-Gated Nonselective Cation Channel

Olfactory receptor neurons in the lobster express a nonselective cation channel that is activated by intracellular Na+ and carries a substantial part of the depolarizing receptor current. Here, we show that phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] applied to the intracellular face of cell-free patches activate the channel in the absence of Na+and that antibodies against the respective phospholipids irreversibly inhibit the evoked activity. Further, we show that applying PI(4,5)P2 or PI(4)P in the presence of Na+ decreases the concentration of Na+ required to activate the channel from an EC50 of 74 to 22 mm for PI(4,5)P2 and to 29 mm for PI(4)P, respectively. Na+-gated channel activity was irreversibly inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against PI(4,5)P2 and PI(4)P in patches never exposed to exogenous phosphatidylinositols, suggesting that endogenous inositol phospholipids are required for the activation of the channel by intracellular Na+. Our findings suggest that PI(4,5)P2 and/or PI(4)P may serve as intracellular signaling molecules in these primary sensory neurons and provide a general mechanism to explain how the sensitivity of Na+-gated channels to Na+ could be much greater in intact cells than in excised membrane patches.
Toward practical integration of dual-use VLC within 5G networks

Visible light communication (VLC), a form of indoor optical wireless access, has the potential to be an integral part of 5G networks due to the massive available spectrum in the visible light band. VLC has desirable high bandwidth density (b/s/m2) stemming from the directionality of optical signals, and can exist as part of installed infrastructure in LED-based luminaires. In spite of these benefits, it is best paired with complementary RF technologies to overcome limitations of line of sight, glare in optical uplink, and use cases requiring darkness. The combination of VLC and RF shows promise to overcome limitations of each medium if successfully paired. In this article we describe motivating factors for VLC usage in environments with a high density of user devices, present models for VLC integration with RF technologies, define system components required for practical deployment, and evaluate scenarios where VLC integration is most beneficial. We show that by selecting appropriate operating conditions for each of the RF and VLC solutions, we can realize substantial improvement in the resulting heterogeneous network design.
Characterization of the minimum domain required for targeting budding yeast myosin II to the site of cell division

All eukaryotes with the exception of plants use an actomyosin ring to generate a constriction force at the site of cell division (cleavage furrow) during mitosis and meiosis. The structure and filament forming abilities located in the C-terminal or tail region of one of the main components, myosin II, are important for localising the molecule to the contractile ring (CR) during cytokinesis. However, it remains poorly understood how myosin II is recruited to the site of cell division and how this recruitment relates to myosin filament assembly. Significant conservation between species of the components involved in cytokinesis, including those of the CR, allows the use of easily genetically manipulated organisms, such as budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), in the study of cytokinesis. Budding yeast has a single myosin II protein, named Myo1. Unlike most other class II myosins, the tail of Myo1 has an irregular coiled coil. In this report we use molecular genetics, biochemistry and live cell imaging to characterize the minimum localisation domain (MLD) of budding yeast Myo1. We show that the MLD is a small region in the centre of the tail of Myo1 and that it is both necessary and sufficient for localisation of Myo1 to the yeast bud neck, the pre-determined site of cell division. Hydrodynamic measurements of the MLD, purified from bacteria or yeast, show that it is likely to exist as a trimer. We also examine the importance of a small region of low coiled coil forming probability within the MLD, which we call the hinge region. Removal of the hinge region prevents contraction of the CR. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we show that GFP-tagged MLD is slightly more dynamic than the GFP-tagged full length molecule but less dynamic than the GFP-tagged Myo1 construct lacking the hinge region. Our results define the intrinsic determinant for the localization of budding yeast myosin II and show it to be an oligomer of tentatively 3 monomers. We suggest that this is the minimum oligomeric unit (rather than the traditional myosin II dimer) that would allow specific assembly to the site of cytokinesis in a manner similar to the full length molecule. The flexible hinge region also contributes to CR structural integrity and contractility.
Formation of N‐Hydroxy‐amines of Spin Labeled Nucleosides for 1H‐NMR. Analysis

Amine-oxide radical 1a was efficiently converted to the corresponding N-hydroxy-amine 2a with sodium dithionite in acetone/water. This reaction was used to develop a procedure for monitoring the NMR. spectra of sodium dithionite reduced amine-oxide radicals and of novel reduced amine-oxide-labeled nucleosides.
Impact of Abdominal Complications on Outcome After Mechanical Circulatory Support

Background Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is life sustaining for patients with end-stage heart failure. Most devices require abdominal wall transgression, creating a potential for abdominal complications. The incidence and impact of these relatively underreported complications are unknown. Methods A retrospective review was performed on 179 patients who received MCS therapy from 1999 to 2008. Abdominal complications were grouped as abdominal wall, gastrointestinal tract, and solid organ. Results Ninety-eight patients (55%) experienced 157 abdominal complications. These involved the abdominal wall in 69 (44%), the gastrointestinal tract in 52 (33%), and the solid organs in 36 (23%). Surgical intervention was required in 36% of patients with abdominal wall complications, 19% of patients with gastrointestinal tract complications, and 14% of patients with solid organ complications. Multivariate analysis identified diabetes mellitus (p Conclusions Abdominal complications are common in patients supported with MCS devices and significantly reduce survival. Surgical intervention is more frequently required for complications related to the abdominal wall compared with other complications. Patients with significant comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, respiratory failure) requiring urgent or emergent device placement are at higher risk for the development of abdominal complications with an attendant reduction in device-related survival.
Research Note: The Effects of Switching Males Among Caged Females on Egg Production and Hatchability in Japanese Quail

Abstract For a half-sib mating design each male was switched among four females that were kept in separate cages once a day, so that each female was paired with a male every 4th day. Control males were permanently paired with one female each. There was some evidence that the mating system involving switching of males among females decreased egg production and hatchability by about 9 and 16%, respectively. The present study argues, however, that the slight decrease in hatchability, which was only present in some males, does not prevent the application of this method for half-sib breeding designs to estimate heritabilities.
Diversity of Frankia Populations in Root Nodules of Geographically Isolated Arizona Alder Trees in Central Arizona (United States)

The diversity of uncultured Frankia populations in root nodules of Alnus oblongifolia trees geographically isolated on mountaintops of central Arizona was analyzed by comparative sequence analyses of nifH gene fragments. Sequences were retrieved from Frankia populations in nodules of four trees from each of three mountaintops (n = 162) and their levels of diversity compared using spatial genetic clustering methods and single-nucleotide or 1, 3, or 5% sequence divergence thresholds. With the single-nucleotide threshold level, 45 different sequences with significant differences between the mountaintops were retrieved, with the southern site partitioning in a separate population from the two other sites. Some of these sequences were identical in nodules from different mountaintops and to those of strains isolated from around the world. A high level of diversity that resulted in the assignment of 14 clusters of sequences was also found on the 1% divergence level. Single-nucleotide and 1% divergence levels thus demonstrate microdiversity of frankiae in root nodules of A. oblongifolia trees and suggest a partitioning of diversity by site. At the 3 and 5% divergence levels, however, diversity was reduced to three clusters or one cluster, respectively, with no differentiation by mountaintop. Only at the 5% threshold level do all Frankia strains previously assigned to one genomic group cluster together.
Bilateral pulmonary emboli in a collegiate gymnast: a case report.

Abstract Objective: To characterize the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in collegiate student-athletes and to raise awareness among sports medicine providers of the possibility of this potentially fatal disease in the student-athlete population. Background: An 18-year-old, previously healthy National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female gymnast complained of intense pain, bilaterally, deep in her chest. The athlete was referred to her team physician, who identified normal vital signs but referred her to the emergency room because of significant pain. The student-athlete was diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary emboli in the emergency room. Differential Diagnosis: Pneumonia, renal calculi, upper urinary tract infection, intercostal muscle strain or rib fracture, pancreatitis, gall bladder disease, gastritis, ulceration, esophagitis, infection, tumor, pulmonary embolism. Treatment: The student-athlete was immediately placed on anticoagulants for 6 months. During that time, she was unable to parti...
Postnational Rulemaking, Compliance, and Justification: The New Europe

Complying with Europe: EU Harmonisation and Soft Law in the Member States. Gerda Falkner, Oliver Treib, Miriam Hartlapp, and Simone Leiber. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 418p. 75.00.Beate Sissenich is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Indiana University. She wishes to thank Jeffrey Isaac for insightful comments and suggestions on previous versions of this essay.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure of Neptunium(V) Oxide

Single crystals of Np{sub 2}O{sub 5} have been synthesized by low-temperature hydrothermal reaction of a (NpO{sub 2}){sup +} stock solution with natural calcite crystals. The structure of Np{sub 2}O{sub 5} was solved by direct methods and refined on the basis of F{sup 2} for all unique data collected on a Bruker X-ray diffractometer equipped with an APEX II CCD detector. Np{sub 2}O{sub 5} is monoclinic, space group P2/c, with a = 8.168(2) A, b = 6.584(1) A, c = 9.3130(2) A, {beta} = 116.01(1) deg., V = 449.8(2) A{sup 3}, and Z = 1. The structure contains chains of edge-sharing neptunyl pentagonal bi-pyramids linked into sheets through cation-cation interactions with distorted neptunyl square bi-pyramids. Additional cation-cation interactions connect the sheets into a three-dimensional framework. The formation of Np{sub 2}O{sub 5} on the surface of calcite crystals has important implications for the precipitation of isolated neptunyl phases in natural aqueous systems. (authors)
Structure of a midlatitude squall line formed in strong unidirectional shear

Abstract Data from five Doppler radars, the surface mesonet, aircraft, and rawinsondes from the Cooperative Convective Precipitation Experiment (CCOPE) are used to document the structure and evolution of a squall line with unusually persistent cells and an anvil that spreads downwind in strong upper-level westerlies. The environmental sounding showed linear shear of ∼4 m s−1 km−1 through the troposphere, a convective available potential energy of 600 m2 s−2, and a convective Richardson number of 10, based on the wind in the lowest 6 km. The orientation of the squall line, comprised of high-reflectivity centers spaced 20–40 km apart, changed with time. Initially, the squall-line axis was normal to the environmental shear, but with time it became parallel to the shear vector, as the northeastern portion of the subcloud cold dome merged with cold air generated by individual storms that had formed ahead of the line. The intensity of the cells within the squads line diminished as its axis became more parallel ...
Investigation of a Method to Consolidate Hard Materials in a Tough Matrix

The production of the so-called cemented carbides, a class of very hard, wear resisting materials manufactured by powder metallurgy processes, is well known. The uses to which these materials are put range from cutting tools to drawing dies for tungsten wire. The processes used to produce such products are combinations of cold pressing, hot pressing, regular sintering and liquid phase sintering. The resulting material is usually a hard substance imbedded in a tough matrix.
Succinct set-encoding for state-space search

We introduce the level-ordered edge sequence (LOES), a succinct encoding for state-sets based on prefix-trees. For use in state-space search, we give algorithms for member testing and element hashing with runtime dependent only on state size, as well as time and memory efficient construction of and iteration over such sets. Finally we compare LOES to binary decision diagrams (BDDs) and explicitly packed set-representation over a range of IPC planning problems. Our results show LOES produces succinct set-encodings for a wider range of planning problems than both BDDs and explicit state representation, increasing the number of problems that can be solved cost-optimally.
Molecular basis of cAMP signaling in pancreatic β cells

Recent advances in conditional gene targeting and cyclic nucleotide research further our understanding of how the incretin hormone GLP-1 exerts a therapeutically important action to restore pancreatic insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These studies demonstrate that the pancreatic β-cell GLP-1 receptor has the capacity to signal through two distinct branches of the adenosine 30,50-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) signal transduction network; one branch activates protein kinase A (PKA), and the second engages a cAMPregulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor designated as Epac2. Under normal dietary conditions, specific activation of the cAMP-PKA branch in mice dramatically augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). However, under conditions of diet-induced insulin resistance, cAMP-Epac2 signaling in the control of GSIS becomes prominent. This chapter provides an update on GLP-1 receptor signaling in the islets of Langerhans, with special emphasis on key molecular events that confer “plasticity” in the β-cell cAMP signal transduction network. The reader is reminded that an excellent review of β-cell cAMP signaling can also be found in the prior first edition of this book.
OSTEOSARCOMA SPECIFIC TUMOR MANAGEMENT AND RESULTS

The survival rate of patients with osteogenic sarcoma has greatly improved with the institution of a multidisciplinary approach that combines multi-agent chemotherapy and limb-sparing surgery. Presently, 80% of those patients who do not have distant metastases at presentation will become long-term survivors, compared to 20% prior to 1970. For patients with metastases at diagnosis, or who develop metastases after initiation of treatment, long-term survival is also possible if all primary and metastatic disease is removed. The data presented in this article supports aggressive resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma patients.
Quantification of the Dynamics of DNA Repair to Ionizing Radiation via Colocalization of 53BP1 and ɣH2AX

Cellular response to stress can be manifested and visualized by measuring induced DNA damage. However, cellular systems can repair the damage through a variety of DNA repair pathways. It is important to characterize the dynamics of DNA repair in a variety of model systems. Such a characterization is another example of the video bioinformatics through harvesting and fixing of a large sample size at different time points. This chapter provides background and motivation for quantifying the dynamics of DNA damage induction and repair in cycling and stationary cells. These model systems indicate that the repair kinetics have a similar profile for gamma radiation; however, following iron ion exposure residual unrepaired damage is noted at longer times when assayed in stationary cells. Repair kinetics are visualized by immunofluorescence staining of phosphorylated histone gamma-H2AX and the DNA repair protein 53BP1. The kinetics are then quantified using cell-based segmentation, which provides a context for repair measurements and colocalization analysis. For enhanced robustness, cell-based segmentation and protein localization leverage geometric methods. Subsequently, cellular profiles are stored in a database, where colocalization analysis takes place through specially design database queries.
AB0326 Characterizing Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a disorder associated with considerable diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic uncertainty for many clinicians. Objectives The aim of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of the diagnosis and manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis with negative serologies. Methods The study was a retrospective chart review of electronic medical records from January, 2003 to December, 2012. Patients were identified using ICD-9 code Rheumatoid Arthritis 714.0 and at least two rheumatology clinic visits during the specified time. Charts were reviewed individually by two investigators. The inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of RA confirmed by a rheumatologist with normal values for both rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies (CCP, third generation assay). Data were collected on demographics (sex, race, smoking status), family history of rheumatoid arthritis, and laboratory values (presence of anemia, inflammatory markers) at the time of diagnosis. The presence of erosions and synovitis identified by imaging studies was assessed. In addition, the presence of extra-articular manifestations of RA including nodules, pleural or parenchymal lung disease, eye involvement and osteoporosis was recorded. The therapies (DMARD, biologic) used to treat the seronegative RA were also reviewed. Results Charts from 108 patients were reviewed. Forty-five patients were excluded based on incorrect initial diagnosis or low clinical suspicion for seronegative RA by the rheumatologist. Sixty-three patients were included in this analysis. The demographics were similar to that of our patient population with seropositive RA. Of available data, at the time of diagnosis, 25% of the patients were smokers, 13% had a family history of RA, 54% were anemic, and 76% had abnormal ESR or CRP. Seven of the 63 (11%) patients had erosions on radiography, and 6 of 63 (9.5%) patients had MRI findings of synovitis. Initial data suggest that extra-articular manifestations are infrequent in this group. Forty-eight of the 62 were initiated on a DMARD, most commonly hydroxychloroquine (16% patients) or methotrexate (29% patients) with a large percentage of patients with combination of methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine therapy (35%). Of the 63 patients, 17 (27%) patients required a biologic therapy during treatment course. Conclusions This study supports the hypothesis that clinical history and physical examination are the most important determinants in diagnosing seronegative RA. In addition to characteristic symptoms, factors which might contribute to diagnosis of RA in a patient without seropositivity include positive family history, smoking history, acute phase reactants, presence of anemia, and imaging studies. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2163
An “Uncommon Tranquility of Mind”: Emotional Self-Control and the Construction of a Middle-Class Identity in Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia

Like many eighteenth-century Americans, Philadelphia Quaker Caleb Cresson kept a diary. According to the common practice of the age, his diary was meant to be read by others and, in Cresson's case, his children were the intended audience. Cresson said that he wanted to give his sons "some little account of our family, and my passage through the wilderness of this world." The diary, however, was much more than just a personal narrative or a literary representation of the Cresson family tree. Cresson also used this forum to provide his children with a clear understanding of their place in the community, reminding them at one point that there was no basis for his sons "to apprehend themselves above the middk class"1 Throughout this piece of personal literature, Cresson delineated in specific detail the kinds of values, sensibilities, and behaviors that he considered appropriate for those who either aspired to, or defined themselves as part of, the middle class. In particular, like many of his nineteenth-century middle-class descendants, Cresson extolled the virtues of moderating one's passions as a means of maintaining one's spiritual, physical, and mental health, an ideal that will be the focus of this essay. In recent years, Stuart Blumin has become the most vocal champion of studies that focus on "middle Americans as a class unto themselves."3 Relying on data from the city of Philadelphia, Blumin's tendency to define class along somewhat arbitrary occupational lines led him to the conclusion that a middle-class "way of life" was the product of antebellum urbanization and industrialization. It is Blumin's belief, an assumption that is implicit in the work of most scholars of American middle-class formation, that an identifiable middle class did not emerge in America until the nineteenth-century.4 Caleb Cresson's diary, along with the writings of many other eighteenth-century Philadelphians, challenges that assumption and provides us an entree into a world that deserves our historical attention/
Recursion Restrictions: Where Grammars Count

Since recursion is a fundamental property of human languages, it is puzzling that we regularly find cases where recursion is impossible or restricted. In this paper we argue that these restrictions follow from an independently necessary property associated with individual lexical items, which encodes sensitivity to phonological properties. These restrictions must be stated on the output of the syntactic derivation, when syntactic structures are transferred to phonology as expected in current late spell-out models. The main idea is that phonological properties can be “grafts” on the structure-building requirement of a lexical item, referred to as an epp property, which can then be viewed as a repository of the finely grained knowledge speakers have of the phonological properties associated with local syntactic environments. In this view, restrictions on recursion, though accidental, can be straightforwardly and simply accounted for as arising from the way that independently necessary properties interact in specific local syntactic environments. This accounts for a number of well-known effects, including left branch restrictions, restrictions on center embedding, and complexity effects.
The Network in Politics:The New Paradigm of Modern Government Administration

"The network in politics" is one of the most popular political terms,and it means the new paradigm of modern government administration.The development of network in politics in China has caused the serious attention of Party and country.This paper concludes and grasps the innovation of this modern government-technology from such aspects as the booming,the channel,and the operation mechanism and implementation of network in politics.We should recognize the positive effects of network governance in modern Chinese government governance innovation and at the same time we should also be aware of its disadvantages and improve them in practice.It suggests that we improve network governance from three angles,that is,the combination of official and netizen,of network in politic and governance,and of network in politics and network out of politics.
Introduction: neuropsychological assessment après Luria.

Neuropsychological assessment since Alexander R. Luria's death in 1977 has demonstrated increased sophistication and advancement, and a number of models or approaches to neuropsychological assessment are available worldwide today. This article reviews, in the context of this special issue, Luria's influence on the further development of neuropsychological assessment approaches and methods. Contemporary approaches are summarized and contrasted, and a discussion of neo-Lurian adaptations and extensions of his neuropsychological model is presented. Brief comments about the succeeding articles in this issue help to demonstrate the wide influence sustained by Luria's ideas in various regions of the world.
Building occupancy diversity and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) system energy efficiency

Abstract Approximately forty percent of total building energy consumption is attributed to HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems that aim to maintain healthy and comfortable indoor environments. An HVAC system is a network with several subsystems, and there exist heat transfer and balance among the zones of a building, as well as heat gains and losses through a building's envelope. Diverse occupancy (diversity in terms of when and how occupants occupy a building) in spaces could result in increase of loads that are not actual demands for an HVAC system, leading into inefficiencies. This paper introduces a framework to quantitatively evaluate the energy implications of occupancy diversity at the building level, where building information modeling is integrated to provide building geometries, HVAC system layouts, and spatial information as inputs for computing potential energy implications if occupancy diversity were to be eliminated. An agglomerate hierarchical clustering-based iterative evaluation algorithm is designed for iteratively eliminating occupancy diversity. Whole building energy simulations for a real-world building, as well as virtual reference buildings demonstrate that the proposed framework could effectively quantify the HVAC system energy efficiency affected by occupancy diversity and the framework is generalizable to different building geometries, layouts, and occupancy diversities.