cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Multiscale Entropy Analysis of EEG for Assessment of Post-Cardiac Arrest Neurological Recovery Under Hypothermia in Rats

Neurological complications after cardiac arrest (CA) can be fatal. Although hypothermia has been shown to be beneficial, understanding the mechanism and establishing neurological outcomes remains challenging because effects of CA and hypothermia are not well characterized. This paper aims to analyze EEG (and the alpha-rhythms) using multiscale entropy (MSE) to demonstrate the ability of MSE in tracking changes due to hypothermia and compare MSE during early recovery with long-term neurological examinations. Ten Wistar rats, upon post-CA resuscitation, were randomly subjected to hypothermia (32degC-34degC, N = 5) or normothermia (36.5degC-37.5degC, N = 5). EEG was recorded and analyzed using MSE during seven recovery phases for each experiment: baseline, CA, and five early recovery phases (R1-R5). Postresuscitation neurological examination was performed at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h to obtain neurological deficit scores (NDSs). Results showed MSE to be a sensitive marker of changes in alpha-rhythms. Significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between the MSE for two groups during recovery, suggesting that MSE can successfully reflect temperature modulation. A comparison of short-term MSE and long-term NDS suggested that MSE could be used for predicting favorability of long-term outcome. These experiments point to the role of cortical rhythms in reporting early neurological response to ischemia and therapeutic hypothermia.
APPLICATION OF DYAR'S LAW TO LIFE STAGES OF SIGARA MATHESONI (HETEROPTERA: CORIXIDAE) 1

Sigara mathesoni, collected from Big Spring Creek in south-central Pennsylvania, were observed under laboratory and field conditions in 2007 in order to test Dyar's law in predicting developmental stage from head width. In the laboratory, eggs were collected with subsequent hatch- ing. Head width was obtained at each developmental stage. It was found that Dyar's law accurately modeled growth of S. mathesoni and instar number is easily determined by head width measurement. In the final two stages of growth, head width and body length were sexually dimorphic. Female head width was larger than male head width.
Online design bug detection: RTL analysis, flexible mechanisms, and evaluation

Higher level of resource integration and the addition of new features in modern multi-processors put a significant pressure on their verification. Although a large amount of resources and time are devoted to the verification phase of modern processors, many design bugs escape the verification process and slip into processors operating in the field. These design bugs often lead to lower quality products, lower customer satisfaction, diminishing brand/company reputation, or even expensive product recalls. This paper proposes a flexible, low-overhead mechanism to detect the occurrence of design bugs during on-line operation. First, we analyze the actual design bugs found and fixed in a commercial chip- multiprocessor, Sun's OpenSPARC Tl, to understand the behavior and characteristics of design bugs. Our RTL analysis of design bugs shows that the number of signals that need to be monitored to detect design bugs is significantly larger than suggested by previous studies that analyzed design bugs at a higher level using processor errata sheets. Second, based on the insights obtained from our analyses, we propose a programmable, distributed online design bug detection mechanism that incorporates the monitoring of bugs into the flip-flops of the design. The key contribution of our mechanism is its ability to monitor all control signals in the design rather than a set of signals selected at design time. As a result, it is very flexible: when a bug is discovered after the processor is shipped, it can be detected by monitoring the set of control signals that trigger the design bug. We develop an RTL prototype implementation of our mechanism on the OpenSPARC Tl chip multiprocessor. We found its area overhead to be 10% and its power consumption overhead to be 3.5% over the whole OpenSPARC Tl chip.
First Report of Gray Mold of Blackberry Caused by Botrytis cinerea in South Carolina

Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr. is a causal agent of gray mold of blackberry but may also affect grapevine, tomato, bulb flowers, and ornamental crops (2). In August 2010, blackberries (Rubus fruticosus and other species) showing gray mold symptoms were found in Longcreek, Six Mile, and Cheddar, SC. Symptomatic blackberry fruit exhibited patterns of brown-to-gray mycelia and conidiophores. Upon isolation, the mycelium grew at a rate of 12.3 mm per day at 22°C on potato dextrose agar, forming pale white-to-gray colonies with concentric rings and conidiophores (less than 12 h of fluorescent light per day). Some isolates formed dark brown sclerotia in the dark after 18 days. The lemon-shaped spores averaged 12 × 9 μm and were consistent with descriptions of B. cinerea. (1) The ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was amplified via PCR from genomic DNA obtained from mycelia using primers ITS1 and ITS4. A BLAST search in GenBank revealed highest similarity (99 to 100%) to sequences fro...
Existence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in patients with thoracic aortic dissections.

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to determine the coexistence or later development of pararenal and infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) in patients with thoracic aortic dissections. Methods One hundred forty-five patients (95 men, 50 women) encountered from 1992 to 2001 with thoracic aortic dissections—excluding those associated with trauma, those with Marfan's syndrome, and those with thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms—were studied. The most common risk factors included hypertension (59%) and a history of tobacco use (52%). Type III dissections affected 86 patients (59%), and type I dissections affected the remaining 59 patients (41%). Aortic computed tomography (CT) scans were obtained annually. Data were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Five patients (3%) had a history of AAA repair prior to their thoracic aortic dissection diagnosis—3 were type III dissections and 2 were type I dissections. Twelve patient's (8%) AAAs were diagnosed with the initial CT study of their thoracic aortic dissection. Type III dissections accounted for all but one of these (11 of 12, 92%). Ten additional AAAs (7%) developed in the 128 patients with no initial evidence of an AAA being recognized from 1 to 48 months (average 16 months) after the thoracic aortic dissection was diagnosed. Type III dissections affected 8 of these 10 patients. Among the total 27 AAAs noted in this series, 74% (20 AAAs) were not continuous with the thoracic aortic dissection. In the univariate analysis, age ( P = .0002), male gender ( P = .044), history of smoking ( P = .01), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( P P = .05), and presence of type III dissection ( P = .009) were associated with the presence of an AAA. In the multivariate analysis, both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio 5.4, 95% CI, 1.3 to 22.3; P = .02) and age (OR 1.06, 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.11; P = .004) were significant predictors of the development of AAAs. Conclusion This study documented that patients with thoracic aortic dissections are at risk to harbor or develop a later AAA. This finding supports the tenet that abdominal CTs or ultrasound scanning should be mandatory in the follow-up of patients with known thoracic aortic dissections.
Demo Abstract: Model-Based Testing of Implantable Cardiac Devices

The heart is the most important natural realtime system and its interaction with an implantable artificial pacemaker make for a perfect example of a Cyber-Physical System. The increasing complexity in implantable cardiac device software has been responsible, in part, for the surge in device recalls due to firmware problems. To ensure the safety and efficacy of the device, the device's software has to be tested in a closed-loop with a real-time and interactive model of the heart. The Virtual Heart Model (VHM) has been developed in Simulink to simulate the electrophysiology of the heart. The VHM can be automatically translated into Verilog code using the Simulink HDL Coder and implemented on a FPGA platform. This faithful translation enables testing to move freely between model-level and implementation-level and take advantage of both. In this demo, the VHM implementation is connected to a pacemaker implementation and reproduces several safety critical closed-loop clinical cases which will not arise during open-loop testing. This work is part of a model-based framework for implantable cardiac device validation & verification.
Effects of Interpersonal Problems at Work on Organizational Commitment

Organizational commitment has been one of the most effective implements used for increasing employee performance by enhancing employee participation. On the other hand interpersonal problems at workplace make job conflict, increase job stress which is threatening to create positive job attitudes. This study highlights the effect of interpersonal problems at workplace on three types of commitments i.e. affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between interpersonal problems and organizational commitment, to explore how interpersonal problems affect different types of organizational commitment. The measuring instruments used in this study were: Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64) (Alden, Wiggins, Pincus and Horowitz, 2000) for measuring different types of interpersonal problems and Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, (Allen and Meyer, 1991) for measuring organizational commitment. According to the objective of the present study the obtain data were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation and regression analysis. The results revealed that interpersonal problem is significantly negatively correlated with organizational commitment.
Analysis and control techniques for the compass gait with a torso walking on stochastically rough terrain

Dynamic walking gaits which exploit inverted pendulum dynamics have demonstrated significant promise for biped robot locomotion. For example, these gaits can reduce the energy expended and the number and complexity of actuators required for level-ground walking. However, robot walkers employing dynamic gaits are, in general, also notoriously sensitive to terrain variations. In this paper, we focus on new methods for developing improved control strategies for and analyzing resulting stability of a simple yet effective model for biped walking on rough terrain. Our primary contributions are as follows. (1) We quantify the stabilizing value of adding a torso to the standard compass gait model; (2) we optimize a class of simple controllers on this walker to be robust to unsensed changes in upcoming terrain height; and (3) we develop improved numerical tools for estimating the statistics of fall events for rough terrain walking. Our results indicate that the torso walker can handle unanticipated step changes in terrain of approximately 14% of leg length, and that our statistical tools are effective for a 6-dimensional state space system, indicating promise in the challenge of addressing the curse of dimensionality when applying machine learning techniques to rough terrain walking.
Automatic secure fingerprint verification system based on fuzzy vault scheme

We construct an automatic secure fingerprint verification system based on the fuzzy vault scheme to address a major security hole currently existing in most biometric authentication systems. The construction of the fuzzy vault during the enrollment phase is automated by aligning the most reliable reference points between different templates, based on which the converted features are used to form the lock set. The size of the fuzzy vault, the degree of the underlying polynomial, as well as the number of templates needed for reaching the reliable reference point are investigated. This results in a high unlocking complexity for attackers with an acceptable unlocking accuracy for legal users.
Persistent effects of fire-induced vegetation change on energy partitioning and evapotranspiration in ponderosa pine forests

We compared energy fluxes between a site converted from ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest to sparse grassland by a severe wildfire 10 years ago and a nearby, unburned forest. We used eddy covariance and associated instruments to measure total radiation, net radiation, albedo, and fluxes of energy into latent heat, sensible heat, and the soil. Total radiation, vapor pressure deficit, and air temperature were similar for each site. Compared to the unburned site, net radiation efficiency (net radiation/total radiation) was 30% lower and albedo 30% higher at the burned site. The magnitude of sensible and latent heats varied seasonally at both sites. Sensible heat was the major component of the energy balance in cold or dry seasons, whereas latent heat was the major component in the warm and wet season. Soil heat flux was the smallest in magnitude of the measured energy fluxes. Compared with the unburned forest, the burn-created grassland generally had lower sensible and latent heats, but greater soil heat flux for both soil cooling in winter and warming in summer. The grassland had similar maximum air temperature as the forest, and warmer surface soil temperature during the summer. Thus, the lower albedo and greater sensible heat of the forest did not produce a warmer site compared with the grassland, apparently because of the cooling effect of greater latent heat in the forest. Our results suggest only small changes in site air temperature, but larger changes in site surface soil temperature by shifts from forest to grassland caused by severe fire in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests.
Identification and Characterization of a Shared TNFR-Related Receptor for Subgroup B, D, and E Avian Leukosis Viruses Reveal Cysteine Residues Required Specifically for Subgroup E Viral Entry

Genetic and receptor interference data have indicated the presence of one or more cellular receptors for subgroup B, D, and E avian leukosis viruses (ALV) encoded by the s1 allele of the chicken tvb locus. Despite the prediction that these viruses use the same receptor, they exhibit a nonreciprocal receptor interference pattern: ALV-B and ALV-D can interfere with infection by all three viral subgroups, but ALV-E only interferes with infection by subgroup E viruses. We identified a tvb s1 cDNA clone which encodes a tumor necrosis factor receptor-related receptor for ALV-B, -D, and -E. The nonreciprocal receptor interference pattern was reconstituted in transfected human 293 cells by coexpressing the cloned receptor with the envelope (Env) proteins of either ALV-B or ALV-E. This pattern of interference was also observed when soluble ALV surface (SU)immunoglobulin fusion proteins were bound to this cellular receptor before viral challenge. These data demonstrate that viral Env-receptor interactions can account for the nonreciprocal interference between ALV subgroups B, D, and E. Furthermore, they indicate that a single chicken gene located at tvb s1 encodes receptors for these three viral subgroups. The TVB S1 protein differs exclusively at residue 62 from the published subgroup B- and D-specific receptor, encoded by the s3 allele of tvb. Residue 62 is a cysteine in TVB S1 but is a serine in TVB S3 , giving TVB S1 an even number of cysteines in the extracellular domain. We present evidence for a disulfide bond requirement in TVB S1 for ALV-E infection but not for ALV-B infection. Thus, ALV-B and ALV-E interact in fundamentally different ways with this shared receptor, a finding that may account for the observed biological differences between these two ALV subgroups.
Computational and Functional Analysis of Growth Hormone (GH)-Regulated Genes Identifies the Transcriptional Repressor B-Cell Lymphoma 6 (Bc16) as a Participant in GH-Regulated Transcription

For insight into transcriptional mechanisms mediating physiological responses to GH, data mining was performed on a profile of GH-regulated genes induced or inhibited at different times in highly responsive 3T3-F442A adipocytes. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that GH-regulated genes are enriched in pathways including phosphoinositide and insulin signaling and suggested that suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) and phosphoinositide 3′ kinase regulatory subunit p85α (Pik3r1) are important targets. Model-based Chinese restaurant clustering identified a group of genes highly regulated by GH at times consistent with its key physiological actions. This cluster included IGF-I, phosphoinositide 3′ kinase p85α, SOCS2, and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein. It also contains the most strongly repressed gene in the profile, B cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl6), a transcriptional repressor. Quantitative real-time PCR verified the strong decrease in Bcl6 mRNA after GH treatment and induction of the other gene...
A contemporary analysis of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery: Is this a risk factor?

Abstract Objective Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) has been considered a risk factor for mortality in cardiac surgery. Among mitral valve surgery (MVS) patients, we sought to determine if severe PHT increases mortality risk and if patients who undergo concomitant tricuspid valve surgery (TVS) incur additional risk. Methods Preoperative PHT was assessed in 1571 patients undergoing MVS, from 2004 to 2013. Patients were stratified into PHT groups as follows (mm Hg): none ( Results Patients with severe PHT had higher mortality, both 30-day (4% PHT vs 1% no PHT, P P P = 1.0) or late mortality (86.2% severe vs 87.1% no PHT; P = .87). TVS did not increase 30-day (4.7% TVS vs 4.2% no TVS, P = .8) or late mortality (78.7% TVS vs 75.3% no TVS, P = .90). Late survival was lower in extreme PHT (75.4% vs no PHT 91.5%, P = .007), and a trend was found in 30-day mortality (11% extreme vs 3% no PHT, P = .16). Conclusions Mortality in MVS is unaffected by severe PHT or the addition of TVS, yet extreme PHT remains a risk factor. Severe PHT (50-79 mm Hg) should not preclude surgery; concomitant TVS does not increase mortality.
Influence of pre-dawn water potential and soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance on maximum daily leaf diffusive conductance in two oak species

Changes in pre-dawn water potential, soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance and leaf diffusive conductance were well correlated in oak trees during natural drying cycles in the field. Maximum daily leaf conductance was highly correlated with pre-dawn water potential for blackjack oak and northern red oak while leaf water potential at the time of measurement of leaf conductance was not significantly correlated with leaf conductance
Electron Microscopy of Conidiogenesis in Chloridium Chlamydosporis

Conidiophores of Chloridium chlamydosporis have been considered as phialides which produce two or more conidia concurrently from within a conspicuous collarette. Conidiogenesis was studied by elect...
Hepatocellular transport and secretion of biliary lipids.

Bile is the route for elimination of cholesterol from the body. Recent studies have begun to elucidate hepatocellular, molecular and physical-chemical mechanisms whereby bile salts stimulate biliary secretion of cholesterol together with phospholipids, which are enriched (up to 95%) in phosphatidylc
Nerve growth factor expression in mice by Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) exposure in vivo

Objective Expression of Nerve Growth Factor(NGF) mRNA in lung tissues of SPF mice induced by Di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate was explored.In this study,the mast cells of the lung tissue of mice were used for experimental materials.Methods By using RT-PCR test,the mRNA expression level of NGF in lung tissue was detected.Results It showed that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups when the mice were exposed to 125 mg/kg DEHP for two weeks.When the concentration was 250 mg/kg DEHP,there was significant difference of expression level of NGF mRNA in mice lung.Conclusions The results showed that DEHP might be able to trigger NGF pathway and contribute to asthma attack finally.
Regulation of luminal alkalinization and acidification in the cortical collecting duct by angiotensin II

Angiotensin II (ANG II) regulates whole kidney ion transport, yet its effects in the collecting duct are unknown. The purpose of these studies was to determine whether ANG II regulates luminal alkalinization and acidification in the rabbit cortical collecting duct (CCD). The rate of luminal alkalinization or acidification was measured as the rate of change of luminal fluid pH under stop-flow conditions using in vitro microperfused CCD segments. Outer CCD alkalinized the luminal fluid, consistent with net HCO3- secretion. Addition of ANG II, 10(-7) M, to the peritubular solution for 30 min significantly stimulated luminal alkalinization. The stimulatory effect of ANG II was not due to time-dependent effects and was blocked by peritubular addition of the ANG II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, losartan, at 10(-6) M. Losartan, 10(-6) M, when added to the peritubular solution, did not alter the rate of luminal alkalinization independent of ANG II. In contrast, peritubular ANG II, 10(-7) M, did not alter inner CCD luminal acidification. Addition of ANG II to the peritubular solution at the lower concentration of 10(-10) M did not alter the rates of luminal alkalinization and acidification in the outer and inner CCD, respectively. Peritubular ANG II, 10(-7) M, but not vehicle, stimulated B cell apical HCO3- secretion occurring in response to peritubular Cl- removal. These studies demonstrate that ANG II acts through a basolateral AT1 receptor to stimulate outer CCD luminal alkalinization via, at least in part, B cell stimulation.
The Effects of System Management Interrupts on Multithreaded, Hyper-threaded, and MPI Applications

System Management Interrupts (SMIs) are a potential source of noise for parallel applications at all levels, and their use may be increasing. Building on a previous effort, we have conducted a study of SMI effects on parallel applications. In this paper we present initial results for NAS benchmarks, a multithreaded application, and the UnixBench benchmark. Findings reconfirm that performance degradation scales with the latency of the SMI. Additional results show that performance degradation increases when SMIs are enabled upon multiple communicating nodes, and may be amplified with HTT. This potential source of noise is of interest to tool developers both to detect its presence and also to accommodate the effect on measurement tools.
10 Bi-ideals and R. Steinberg’s Theorem

In this chapter, we prove R. Steinberg’s Theorem [Ste62] that the direct sum of the tensor powers of a faithful representation of a monoid yields a faithful representation of the monoid algebra. We also commence the study of a special family of ideals, called bi-ideals, which will be at the heart of the next chapter.The results of this chapter should more properly be viewed as about bialgebras, but we have chosen not to work at that level of generality in order to keep things more concrete. The approach we follow here is influenced by Passman [Pas14]. The bialgebraic approach was pioneered by Rieffel [Rie67].
Identification of submicrogram amounts of digoxin, digitoxin, and their metabolic products. Isolation by chromatography and preparation of derivatives for assay by electron capture detector.

Abstract Digoxin, digitoxin and their principal metabolites were separated by paper chromatography and then by thin-layer chromatography. Appropriate spots were identified by their RF values in comparison with known markers and then further characterized by gas-liquid chromatography after making volatile derivatives. The chromatographic procedures were demonstrated to have value for quantitative recovery and also for identification when combined with a gas chromatographic method reported earlier in this journal.
Chronic Orofacial Pain: Burning Mouth Syndrome and Other Neuropathic Disorders.

Chronic orofacial pain is a symptom associated with a wide range of neuropathic, neurovascular, idiopathic, and myofascial conditions that affect a significant proportion of the population. While the collective impact of the subset of the orofacial pain disorders involving neurogenic and idiopathic mechanisms is substantial, some of these are relatively uncommon. Hence, patients with these disorders can be vulnerable to misdiagnosis, sometimes for years, increasing the symptom burden and delaying effective treatment. This manuscript first reviews the decision tree to be followed in diagnosing any neuropathic pain condition, as well as the levels of evidence needed to make a diagnosis with each of several levels of confidence: definite, probable, or possible. It then examines the clinical literature related to the idiopathic and neurogenic conditions that can occasion chronic orofacial pain, including burning mouth syndrome, trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, post-herpetic neuralgia, and atypical odontalgia. Temporomandibular disorders also are examined, even though they are not neurologic conditions, because they are common and can mimic symptoms of the latter disorders. For each of these conditions, the paper reviews literature regarding incidence and prevalence, physiologic and other contributing factors, diagnostic signs and symptoms, and empirical evidence regarding treatments. Finally, in order to improve the quality and accuracy of clinical diagnosis, as well as the efficiency with which effective treatment is initiated and delivered, criteria are offered that can be instrumental in making a differential diagnosis.
ID: 110: Type 1 interferons as guardians of genome integrity and mediators of aging

Type 1 IFNs (IFN1) are potent anti-viral cytokines. Here we report that IFN1 are expressed in cells that harbor activated Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1) mobile genetic retrotransposon elements. IFN1 inhibits activities and propagation of LINE-1 in vitro and in vivo. While endonuclease activity of LINE-1 was required for IFN1 production, we also found that double strand DNA breaks (DSB) in general represent a potent IFN1-inducing signal that activates IFN1 signaling. Cells and tissues experiencing persistent DSB are characterized by increased IFN1 signaling. Experiments in mouse and human cells that harbor numerous DSB demonstrated that DSB-induced IFN1 signaling play a paramount role in DSB-induced cell senescence. Mice lacking the Terc telomerase component (harboring shortened telomeres and persistent DSB) exhibited activated IFN1 signaling concurrent with profound failure of their somatic and germinal stem cells that manifested in progeric phenotypes including impaired fertility and fecundity, atrophy in testes, skin, hematopoietic and intestinal compartments, and shortened life span. All these phenotypes could be substantially alleviated by concurrent ablation of Ifnar1 suggesting a role for IFN1 in accelerated aging. Furthermore, these data indicate that IFN1 acts as a guardian of genome integrity at many levels including single cell (by preventing the spread of retrotransposons), individual multi-cellular organism (by senescence-mediated prevention of proliferation of damaged cells) and biological population (by suppressing the offspring from species harboring altered genome). These non-canonical novel functions of IFN1 are of potential medical significance for treating patients with progerias and protecting individuals exposed to harmful agents that cause massive DNA damage.
On The Use of Variance Designs in Q Methodology

Misgivings concerning the use of variance design and analysis in the structuring and evaluation of Q samples derive from the basic assumptions of deductive methodologies. Several alternative uses of variance design, as discussed by Stephenson, are suggested. Criticism of Stephenson’s use of factorial arrangement is based on a misunderstanding of his position, too strict a reliance on the logical properties of Q samples, and failure to realize the synthetic quality of self-referent statements. Principles are illustrated with empirical examples.
Radiation characteristics of water droplets in a fire-inspired environment: A Monte Carlo ray tracing study

Abstract The effects of radiation of water mists in a fire-inspired environment are numerically investigated for different complexities of radiative media in a three-dimensional cubic enclosure. A Monte Carlo ray tracing (MCRT) method is employed to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE). The anisotropic scattering behaviors of water mists are modeled by a combination of the Mie theory and the Henyey-Greestein relation. A tabulation method considering the size and wavelength dependencies is established for water droplets, to reduce the computational cost associated with the evaluation of the nongray spectral properties of water mists. Validation and verification of the coupled MCRT solver are performed using a one-dimensional slab with gray gas in comparison with the analytical solutions. Parametric studies are then performed using a three-dimensional cubic box to examine radiation of two monodispersed and one polydispersed water mist systems. The tabulation method can reduce the computational cost by a factor of one hundred. Results obtained without any scattering model better conform with results obtained from the anisotropic model than the isotropic scattering model, when a highly directional emissive source is applied. For isotropic emissive sources, isotropic and anisotropic scattering models predict comparable results. The addition of different volume fractions of soot shows that soot may have a negative impact on the effectiveness of water mists in absorbing radiation when its volume fraction exceeds certain threshold.
A case of photodistributed multicentric reticulohistiocytosis: correlation with multiphoton microscopy imaging.

Author(s): Amber, Kyle T; Valdebran, Manuel; Makdisi, Joy; De Feraudy, Sebastien; Balu, Mihaela; Kelly, Kristen M
Ultrastructural Effects of Gossypol Acetic Acid on Mouse Epididymis

Light and electron microscope studies of the effects of gossypol acetic acid, a phenolic compound isolated from cotton plants, on epididymal tissue in DBA/2J mice were undertaken since the information on the effects of the compound on the male reproductive tract in mice is limited. The agent, mixed in olive oil, was administered orally to four groups of mice andupon the sacrifice, the epididymal tissues were dissected and prepared for light and electron microscopy. Administration of the drug substantially reduced sperm motility and viable sperm counts and induced anomalies in sperm heads, sperm parts, and mitochondrial structures. Numerous vesicular structures containing granules and concentric membranous bodies in the principal and light cells, dilation of the Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum, and a cumulation of lysosomal bodies were found in epididymal cells. The severity and frequency of the ultrastructural changes increased with the dose and duration of the treatments.
The role of omega-3 dietary supplementation in blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (an AOS thesis).

Purpose Blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) are common sources of complaints from patients. To evaluate the effect on ocular symptoms, ocular findings, and serum and meibomian gland contents, patients with blepharitis and MGD were prospectively evaluated to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids.
Pectoralis Muscle Attenuation Improves the Prediction of Right Ventricular Failure after LVAD Implantation

Purpose Right ventricular failure (RVF) after LVAD implantation remains difficult to predict pre-operatively. As right heart failure is associated with muscle wasting, we hypothesized pectoralis muscle tissue attenuation quantified on pre-operative CT scans would enhance the prediction of RVF after LVAD implantation. Methods Patients with a first time continuous flow (CF) LVAD implants from Houston Methodist (n=208) and University of Minnesota (n=224) with complete post-operative RVF data were included in the analysis (total n = 432). As we wanted to create a model that applied to INTERMACS 2-5 patients, we limited the analysis to INTERMACS 2 and higher patients. RVF was defined as RVAD within 30 days of implantation or requiring inotropic support ≥ 14 days. To develop an RVF Risk Model, we implemented backward model selection using logistic regression. Thirty-one candidate hemodynamic and clinical predictors were tested during model development. This method was repeated limiting the analysis to patients with mean pectoralis Hounsfield units (PHUm) available by pre-operative CT scans (total n=188). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the RVF Risk Model and the Pectoralis RVF Risk Model were then generated. Results The RVF Risk Model included the following variables: albumin, log total bilirubin, and INTERMACS profile. The AUC for this model was 69% (95% CI: 62-76%). The Pectoralis RV Risk Model included albumin, creatinine and PHUm. The AUC for this model was 73% (95 % CI: 63-82%). Conclusion Pectoralis muscle tissue attenuation was predictive of RVF after LVAD implantation in this multicenter study. Incorporating this measure into a RVF Risk Model improved model performance. This measure is quantifiable, repeatable, and appears to add information to traditional preoperative assessment.
Cloud-based Low-cost Energy Monitoring System through Internet of Things

With the ever-increasing capacity of the Internet and demand for human lives, Internet of Things (IoT) applications is increasing like never before, primarily to facilitate smart homes and smart cities. However, consumers have become increasingly cognizant of the negative effects of energy consumption as well as the importance of footprint reduction. Despite the increased interest in energy reduction and consumption, the average consumer still feels intimidated and unsure of how to start. In this paper, we propose an energy monitoring system (Watts On) to be used per room within a house that is efficient, intuitive, and economic (cost effective). The significant contribution of this paper is the design and development details of WattsOn prototype application. WattsOn is a low-cost IoT and cloud-based system that allows end-users to monitor, store and display energy usage data in an intuitive graphical user interface. As part of this system, we have also developed companion mobile applications in both platforms (Android and iOS), which allows the users to look at the real-time energy usage for the entire house or building to best pinpoint where excess energy is being used to understand better how to reduce consumption. The widespread use of our system will provide several benefits like saving on electricity bills by monitoring the usage and conserving the precious natural resources by reducing electrical energy consumption.
Title IX's Substantive Equity Mandate for Transgender Persons in American Law Schools: A Call to Disaggregate SOGI Data

SOGI (sexual orientation and gender identity) data has been routinely studied by federal agencies for several years, including disaggregation of such data. For example, the LGBTQIA umbrella is more specifically analyzed per each of those letters in crime and health surveys. Law schools, despite tremendous gains to provide formal equity for women, pursuant to Title IX, still strive to reach full substantive equity for those women. Title IX's substantive equity mandate includes transgender persons. Yet, without an on-point ABA Standard or statutory mandate, law schools fail to parse data such that the academy can know how many transgender students or professors are among the ranks. In fact, LGBT data need not be tracked at all. However, to offer diverse students, especially transgender persons, a safe and fully inclusive environment, law schools must know how many persons are impacted by policies and procedures. Law schools should track LGTBQIA enrollment and employment data, and they should disaggregate that data to yield efficient policy development. This paper offers examples from federal surveys and suggestions for policy development.
Live Demonstration: Sample-to-Answer Nucleic Acid Testing Device for Point-of-Care Applications

We demonstrate a sample-to-answer nucleic acid testing device. The streamlined nucleic acid sample processing, including DNA extraction, amplification, and real-time detection, are achieved on a single microfluidic reagent disc by actuating the DNA-carrying magnetic beads against stationary reagent droplets. The battery-powered handheld instrument is unprecedentedly integrated with mechanical, thermal and optical subsystems with data connectivity. LCD touchscreen and smartphone connectivity offer a user-friendly interface for easy operation. This versatile platform can be widely disseminated to a variety of other situations that demand portability, connectivity, and ease-of-use.
Same-Day Delivery with Drone Resupply

Unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly referred to as drones, have recently seen an increased level of interest as their potential use in same-day home delivery has been promoted and advocated by large...
Advanced Differential Equations: Asymptotics & Perturbations

Approximation techniques have been historically important for solving differential equations, both as initial value problems and boundary value problems. The integration of numerical, analytic and perturbation methods and techniques can help produce meaningful approximate solutions for many modern problems in the engineering and physical sciences. An overview of such methods is given here, focusing on the use of perturbation techniques for revealing many key properties and behaviors exhibited in practice across diverse scientific disciplines.
Assessing the links between internalizing symptoms and treatment motivation in incarcerated juveniles

Abstract The assessment of internalizing symptoms among incarcerated juveniles is limited. Untreated internalizing symptoms can lead to both problems within the facility as well as a higher likelihood of recidivism. However, more research is needed to understand how specific types of symptoms experienced (i.e., depressive vs. anxiety symptoms) are associated with treatment motivation (i.e., problem recognition and treatment readiness) to inform treatment approaches. Alexithymia (i.e., difficulties communicating emotions) is prevalent in incarcerated juveniles and may contribute to the links between internalizing symptoms and treatment motivation. Accordingly, this study evaluated associations between internalizing symptoms and treatment motivation, including the influence of alexithymia, among detained youth. The study used data from 111 detained juveniles who responded to surveys assessing levels of internalizing symptoms, alexithymia, and treatment motivation. Path models suggested that higher levels of depression, higher levels of anxiety, and higher levels of alexithymia were linked to higher levels of problem recognition when internalizing symptoms were assessed both simultaneously and separately. While higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms were linked to higher levels of treatment readiness when assessed in separate models, no variable was uniquely associated with treatment readiness when internalizing symptoms were assessed simultaneously. Further, alexithymia did not moderate any of the associations examined. Findings suggest that anxiety and depressive symptoms are both more strongly linked to problem recognition than treatment readiness. Implications for facility staff and clinicians are discussed.
Institutional policies and readiness in management of critical illness among patients with viral hemorrhagic fever.

OBJECTIVE: In response to the 2013-2016 Ebola virus disease outbreak, the US government designated certain healthcare institutions as Ebola treatment centers (ETCs) to better prepare for future emerging infectious disease outbreaks. This study investigated ETC experiences and critical care policies for patients with viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF). DESIGN: A 58-item questionnaire elicited information on policies for 9 critical care interventions, factors that limited care provision, and innovations developed to deliver care. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The questionnaire was sent to 82 ETCs. METHODS: We analyzed ordinal and categorical data pertaining to the ETC characteristics and descriptive data about their policies and perceived challenges. Statistical analyses assessed whether ETCs with experience caring for VHF patients were more likely to have critical care policies than those that did not. RESULTS: Of the 27 ETCs who responded, 17 (63%) were included. Among them, 8 (47%) reported experience caring for persons under investigation or confirmed cases of VHF. Most felt ready to provide intubation, chest compressions, and renal replacement therapy to these patients. The factors most cited for limiting care were staff safety and clinical futility. Innovations developed to better provide care included increased simulation training and alternative technologies for procedures and communication. CONCLUSIONS: There were broad similarities in critical care policies and limitations among institutions. There were several interventions, namely ECMO and cricothyrotomy, which few institutions felt ready to provide. Future studies could identify obstacles to providing these interventions and explore policy changes after increased experience with novel infectious diseases, such as COVID-19.
Nostalgia for the empire: the politics of neo-Ottomanism: by M. Hakan Yavuz, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2020, 336 pages, $34.95 (hardcover), ISBN: 9780197512289

A ghost has been haunting Turkey, a ghost of the Ottoman past. This statement, inspired by The Communist Manifesto, succinctly captures the message of M. Hakan Yavuz's latest book. Nostalgia for th...
Experiences and insights of college students with autism spectrum disorder: an exploratory assessment to inform interventions.

OBJECTIVE College students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience elevated drop-out rates, peer difficulties, and mental health concerns compared to their neurotypical counterparts. Thus, the firsthand concerns of college students with ASD were examined, so that supports can be appropriately tailored. Methods: Responses of 31 college students with ASD were examined in relation to 39 demographically similar neurotypical students regarding students' college experiences (e.g., social interactions, mental health, daily living habits). Students with ASD also provided recommendations for improving college support programs. Results: Difficulties unique to students with ASD included trouble conversing with peers, feeling isolated despite preferences to be alone, inaccessible extra-curricular activities, and experiencing anxiety and depression resulting from social demands. Notably, these students endorsed desire for a "social group" to learn from the experiences of successful students. Conclusions: Practical targets were identified for university-implemented support groups, such as navigating social interactions and processing experiences with peers.
Flexible organic light emitting devices

Today organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are entering the market lace as a competitive flat panel display technology. Rapidly OLED displays are moving from small passive matrices to full color active matrices built on conventional indium tin oxide coated glass. The work in this paper is focused on developing high resolution full color displays on flexible substrates. Presented here will be new developments in high efficiency OLED displays with the application of this technology to flexible substrates thus allowing a whole new generation of display concepts to be realized.
Magnetic field sensors for detection of trapped flux in superconducting radio frequency cavities

Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities are fundamental building blocks of modern particle accelerators. They operate at liquid helium temperatures (2–4 K) to achieve very high quality factors (1010–1011). Trapping of magnetic flux within the superconductor is a significant contribution to the residual RF losses, which limit the achievable quality factor. Suitable diagnostic tools are in high demand to understand the mechanisms of flux trapping in technical superconductors, and the fundamental components of such diagnostic tools are magnetic field sensors. We have studied the performance of commercially available Hall probes, anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors, and flux-gate magnetometers with respect to their sensitivity and capability to detect localized, low magnetic flux amplitudes, of the order of a few tens of magnetic flux quantum at liquid helium temperatures. Although Hall probes have the lowest magnetic field sensitivity (∼96 nV/μT at 2 K), their physical dimensions are such that they have the ability to detect the lowest number of trapped vortices among the three types of sensors. Hall probes and anisotropic magnetoresistive sensors have been selected to be used in a setup to map regions of trapped flux on the surface of a single-cell SRF cavity.
The subscale specificity of the Affective Control Scale: Ecological validity and predictive validity of feared emotions

The Affective Control Scale (ACS) is a widely used measure of fear of emotion. Although the scale as a whole has good utility and predictive validity, there is little work on the specificity of the subscales of the ACS, which measure fear of anxiety, anger, depressed mood and positive mood. In the present study, we investigated the unique relations between fear of specific emotions and the everyday experience of those emotions. We sampled 120 undergraduate students and tracked their emotional experiences over the course of a week using ecological momentary assessments. We found evidence for specificity in the predictive validity of the subscales. After controlling for common variance across the subscales, fear of anger, anxiety, and depressed mood uniquely predicted greater daily experience of the corresponding emotion. These data also support the notion that those who fear specific emotions tend to experience more of those emotions in everyday life.
Iterative Solution for Thin Solid P-Version Elements

We present new preconditioning strategy for thin 3D p-version elements used to model plate and shell structures as well as the microstructure of composite materials. The strategy is incorporated in an adaptive preconditions suitable for large real-world problems. The method is shown to perform well for several large real world problems, including a model of the skin on an aircraft with over 1.6 million degrees of freedom, and a highly accurate model of a 28 ply laminated fiber plate.
CERCLA, Sustainability and Public and Environmental Health

The Comprehensive Environmental Responses, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, or CERCLA, also known as the Superfund Act, is a landmark piece of environmental legislation [1]. Its notably bold design, discussed in detail below, fits the daunting work it was established to perform, the remediation of the worst and most dangerous releases of hazardous materials in the history of the USA. CERCLA also plays a role in the prevention of threatened releases. While it is subject to criticism and may not function perfectly, or even quite as intended, CERCLA remains an essential safeguard of environmental and public health in the USA.