cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Changes in Blood Proteins During the Development of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana

Analyses by paper electrophoresis showed three protein fractions present in all stages of development except the egg, where only a single fraction was recovered. The fraction with the second greatest mobility was the most variable during the insect's development, always reaching a peak of concentration at and around times of molting, and disappearing between molts; it disappeared in adult males after 3 to 4 weeks and in adult females after 10 days. The first and third fractions showed variability that could be associated with development, but less strikingly. Fraction 3 also was present in greater proportion in adult females than in adult males.
High temperature SELMA: evolution of DNA-supported oligomannose clusters which are tightly recognized by HIV bnAb 2G12

SELMA (SELection with Modified Aptamers) is a directed evolution method which can be used to develop DNA-supported clusters of carbohydrates in which the geometry of clustering is optimized for strong recognition by a lectin of interest. Herein, we report a modification of SELMA which results in glycoclusters which achieve dramatically stronger target recognition (100-fold) with dramatically fewer glycans (2-3-fold). Our first applications of SELMA yielded clusters of 5-10 oligomannose glycans which were recognized by broadly neutralizing HIV antibody 2G12 with moderate affinities (150-500 nM Kd's). In the present manuscript, we report glycoclusters containing just 3-4 glycans, which are recognized by 2G12 with Kd's as low as 1.7 nM. These glycoclusters are recognized by 2G12 as tightly as is the HIV envelope protein gp120, and they are the first constructs to achieve this tight recognition with the minimal number of Man9 units (3-4) necessary to occupy the binding sites on 2G12. They are thus of great interest as immunogens which might elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV.
Walking in My Parents’ Steps

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph. "Ever since I was young my parents have supported me through sports and academics. They have helped me to achieve my goals and have ultimately made me who I am today. During this time however, I was so busy growing up that I forgot that they too were growing old. By taking a step back and realizing this, I have been able to think about all they have done for me throughout the years and how great of an impact that has had on my life and will continue to have as I continue to grow up." Cover Page Footnote Selected for the Parent and Child prize This parent and child is available in Verbum: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/verbum/vol13/iss2/15
Attenuation structure of coso geothermal area, California, from wave pulse widths

Abstract Pulse width data are used to invert for attenuation structure in the Coso geothermal area, California. The dataset consists of pulse width measurements of 838 microseismic events recorded on a seismic array of 16 downhole stations between August 1993 and March 1994. The quality factor Q correlates well with surface geology and surface heat flow observations. A broad region of low Q (≈ 30 to 37) is located at 0.5 to 1.2 km in depth below Devil9s Kitchen, Nicol Prospects, and Coso Hot Springs. A vertical, low Q (≈ 36 in contrast with surrounding rock of 80) region is interpreted as a channel through which hydrothermal energy is transported from depth to the surface. The location of the channel is between stations S1 and S4, and its dimension is about 1 km. At the deep end of the channel, a large, broad body of low Q is also located at 3 km in depth 2 to 4 km to the southwest of Nicol Prospects and Devil9s Kitchen. Since it lies at the bottom of the target region and beyond the scope of seismicity, further research is needed to constrain its extent. Numerical modeling with a pseudospectral method is also done to investigate the applicability of the inversion scheme to fractured regions. A linear relationship between pulse width broadening and travel time is upheld, and the proportional constants are estimated.
Arterial Blood Gas Monitoring

Arterial blood gas determinations (ABGs) play an important role in diagnosing derangements in acid-base balance, oxygenation, and ventilation . Frequent assessment is necessary in the management of critically ill patients. This article reviews the technologic evolution of modern blood gas analysis and the clinical application of monitoring hydrogen ion content (pH), blood oxygen tension (Po2), and carbon dioxide tension (Pco2).
Adipose tissue lipolytic rate in genetically obese and lean swine.

In vitro lipolytic rate was determined in adipose tissue from genetically obese and lean pigs. There were about 20 pigs/genetic strain at 25 and 80 kg and 10 pigs/strain at 50 kg body weight. When expressed on a cellular basis, the in vitro adipose tissue basal (no exogenous hormone) lipolytic rate was similar in obese and lean pigs at 25 and 50 kg body weight. At 80 kg body weight the basal rate was greater in obese than in lean pigs. The in vitro adipose tissue epinephrine-stimulated lipolytic rate expressed on a cell basis was greater at 25 kg, was similar at 50 kg body weight and tended (P less than or equal to .1) to be greater at 80 kg in obese compared with lean pigs. The in vitro sensitivity of lipolysis to epinephrine was slightly greater in lean compared with obese pigs. The data obtained in vitro indicate that obese pigs do not have low adipose tissue lipolytic rates compared with lean pigs. Consequently, adipose tissue lipolysis does not appear to be a major metabolic factor leading to the excessive fat accretion in these obese pigs.
Enhanced gamma ray sensitivity in bismuth triiodide sensors through volumetric defect control

Some of the more attractive semiconducting compounds for ambient temperature radiation detector applications are impacted by low charge collection efficiency due to the presence of point and volumetric defects. This has been particularly true in the case of BiI3, which features very attractive properties (density, atomic number, band gap, etc.) to serve as a gamma ray detector, but has yet to demonstrate its full potential. We show that by applying growth techniques tailored to reduce defects, the spectral performance of this promising semiconductor can be realized. Gamma ray spectra from >100 keV source emissions are now obtained from high quality Sb:BiI3 bulk crystals with limited concentrations of defects (point and extended). The spectra acquired in these high quality crystals feature photopeaks with resolution of 2.2% at 662 keV. Infrared microscopy is used to compare the local microstructure between radiation sensitive and non-responsive crystals. This work demonstrates that BiI3 can be prepared in ...
Understanding and advancing graduate teaching assistants’ mathematical knowledge for teaching

Abstract Graduate student teaching assistants (GTAs) usually teach introductory level courses at the undergraduate level. Since GTAs constitute the majority of future mathematics faculty, their image of effective teaching and preparedness to lead instructional improvements will impact future directions in undergraduate mathematics curriculum and instruction. In this paper, we argue for the need to support GTAs in improving their mathematical meanings of foundational ideas and their ability to support productive student thinking. By investigating GTAs’ meanings for average rate of change, a key content area in precalculus and calculus, we found evidence that even mathematically sophisticated GTAs possess impoverished meanings of this key idea. We argue for the need, and highlight one approach, for supporting GTAs to improve their understanding of foundational mathematical ideas and how these ideas are learned.
32-Phosphorus selectively delivered by listeria to pancreatic cancer demonstrates a strong therapeutic effect

Our laboratory has developed a novel delivery platform using an attenuated non-toxic and non-pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes that infects tumor cells and selectively survives and multiplies in metastases and primary tumors with help of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). 32P was efficiently incorporated into the Listeria bacteria by starvation of the bacteria in saline, and then cultured in phosphorus-free medium complemented with 32P as a nutrient. Listeria-32P kills tumor cells through both 32P-induced ionizing radiation and Listeria-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). The levels of 32P and Listeria were studied in various normal and tumor tissues, at sequential time points after injection of mice with pancreatic cancer (syngeneic model Panc-02). We found that 32P and Listeria predominantly accumulated in tumors and metastases, with their highest accumulation 4 hrs (32P) and 3 days (Listeria) after injection. Listeria also penetrated the transgenic KPC (conditionally express endogenous Kras-G12D and p53-R172H mutant alleles) pancreatic tumors and metastases. This is remarkable since KPC tumors, like human tumors, exhibit a stromal barrier, which prevents most drugs from penetrating the pancreatic tumors. Therapeutic treatment with Listeria -32P resulted in a strong reduction of the growth of pancreatic cancer at early and late stages in Panc-02 and KPC mice. These results highlight the power of Listeria as new delivery platform of anticancer agents to the TME. Not only were therapeutic levels of radioactive Listeria reached in tumors and metastases but the selective delivery also led to minimal side effects.
Sustainable Mass Transit

Public transportation networks including subway or elevated train lines, light rail systems, commuter rail lines, and bus lines including bus rapid transit, help to take commuters out of single occupancy vehicles. The burning of fossil fuels, specifically in automobiles, creates pollution, and contributes to climate change with greenhouse gas emittance. Mass transit puts people into less carbon footprint producing transportation modes, and makes cities more sustainable. Mass transit provides opportunities for each person, transportation professionals, and government agencies to make cities more sustainable and to affect big change. One of the best of the myriad of reasons that has made employing mass transit one of the best and most effective solutions to the on-going mission to reduce emissions, save energy, reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and be more sustainable is that quality solutions and great opportunities are in the hands of real professional people that can make a difference.
Davinder L. Bhowmik and Steve Rabson (eds.), Islands of Protest: Japanese Literature from Okinawa

This anthology of Okinawan literature, translated into English and comprising seven short stories, four poems, and one dramatic work, is a compelling read. The dates of the writings range from 1910...
Fourier processing with partially coherent fields.

We describe how Fourier signal processing techniques can be generalized to partially coherent fields. Using standard coherence theory, we first show that focusing of a partially coherent beam by a lens modifies its coherence properties. We then consider a 4f imaging system composed of two lenses and discuss how spatial filtering in the Fourier plane allows one to tune the coherence properties of the beam. This, in turn, provides control over the beam’s directionality, spectrum, and degree of polarization.
Private Ordering Shaping Cybersecurity Policy: The Case of Bug Bounties

Security vulnerabilities are becoming the new oil. Mega-corporations and leading nations are struggling alike to address the ever-expanding cyber risk, as news of cyberattacks and data breaches are consuming the press, making top headlines. Never before the market for vulnerabilities has seen such prosperity. One result of this cyber chaos reality, is the proliferation of “bug bounties” programs in which security researchers legally trade newly discovered vulnerabilities for monetary and reputational rewards. This practice of organizations inviting individual hackers to perform penetration testing is becoming a best practice in cybersecurity and is expanding across industries and governmental organizations. While legislators, policymakers and courts continue to struggle to facilitate white and grey hat hacking, under murky and overbroad anti-hacking laws, industry, through form-contracts and market mechanisms created an alternative regime to foster security research. Yet, as this paper will show, that regime isn’t perfect. The rules of the emerging “bug bounty” economy are mainly dictated by companies and intermediary “platforms”, using multiple layers of unilaterally drafted “take-it-or-leave-it” terms, that often put hackers in “legal” harm’s way -- shifting the risk for civil and criminal liability towards hackers instead of authorizing access. That said, it is a step forward: a case study illuminating the growing and often unobserved role private ordering plays in shaping the cybersecurity regulatory landscape. Bug bounties programs through contracts invite more than 120,000 hackers to legally trade vulnerabilities for reputational and monetary rewards. Without form-contracts this emerging bug bounty economy wouldn’t be sustainable. Yet, more must be done to ensure bug bounties truly operate as the safe harbor they claim to be and serve their function as an alternative to the black market. This paper briefly illuminates the current problems in the bug bounty privately-ruled regulatory landscape and suggest steps to improve the quality of bug bounty legal terms in order to truly foster ethical hacking.
Practicing Communication Skills For Responding to Emotionally Charged Questions.

Objective:To assess the impact of a 1-hour communication skills workshop highlighting the “ask more and summarize technique” (AMST) to teach residents an effective way to respond to emotionally cha...
The Basics of Retiming

Retiming is a powerful sequential circuit optimization technique for improving the performance of sequential circuits. The concept of retiming is the notion of moving storage devices across memoryless computational elements to improve the performance without changing the input-output latency. Although retiming can operate on gate level netlists, or on higher-level abstractions such as data flow graphs, communication graphs, and processor schedules, our treatment will focus on circuit-level optimizations.
Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering

Welcome to NPAR 2002, the second meeting of the International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering, held June 3-5, 2002 in Annecy, France in conjunction with the Annecy International Animation Festival. This symposium brings together a community of computer scientists, animators, and visual artists who share an interest in using computers to create expressive, artistic imagery.The first symposium, NPAR 2000, was a great success. Practitioners and researchers gathered from all over the world to discuss cutting-edge work in stylized depiction, to explore this confluence of technology and art, and to define and shape the field. This year we hope to continue this process and identify the newest challenges and opportunities in non-photorealism.One would expect see a broadening in any healthy new field. Indeed, in these proceedings we are pleased to include technical papers that not only describe impressive new solutions to known problems but also address new problems. The 18 papers printed here were chosen from among 40 submissions, each of which was distributed for review by two or more program committee members as well as a number of auxiliary reviewers, depending on the topic and difficulty of review.
Tensile deformation and fracture behavior of a ductile phase reinforced dispersion strengthened copper composite

Niobium particle reinforced aluminum oxide (Al2O3) dispersion strengthened copper composite is an attractive and emerging engineered material for applications requiring high strength, high thermal and electrical conductivities and resistance to softening at elevated temperatures. In this paper, the microstructure, tensile deformation and fracture behavior of the composite is examined. The strength of the material decreases with an increase in temperature with a concomitant improvement in ductility. The composite microstructure maintains a high value of yield strength/ultimate tensile strength ratio. The factors contributing to increased strength and the intrinsic mechanisms governing fracture characteristics of the composite are examined in light of intrinsic microstructural effects, nature of loading and deformation characteristics of the matrix.
Olfactory Glomeruli: Structure and Circuitry

Olfactory glomeruli constitute the first stage of synaptic processing of olfactory information. Glomeruli are discrete anatomical structures whose presence and general organization is remarkably well conserved across species. Olfactory glomeruli have long been hypothesized to play a critical role in odor coding. Only recently, however, has an integrated picture emerged of the molecular, anatomical, and functional relationship within and among olfactory glomeruli, the olfactory receptor neurons which project to them, and their representation of olfactory information. New findings have shed considerable light on the complexity of the synaptic network in the glomerular layer and the various roles this network plays in processing olfactory input. This article focuses on the functional organization of glomerular circuits that may be involved in processing olfactory information.
Recurrent Nausea and Vomiting in a Pregnant Woman with Chronic Marijuana Use.

Background. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is a condition characterized by chronic cannabis use and cyclic episodes of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, relieved by compulsive bathing. The syndrome is likely to be underdiagnosed in pregnant women due to its similarity with hyperemesis gravidarum in the presentation. Case. We report a 20-year-old pregnant woman with multiple admissions for recurrent nausea and vomiting who was observed to be taking frequent hot showers. Without other identifiable causes, she was diagnosed with cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome and managed with antiemetics and abstinence. Conclusion. Abstinence from cannabis use is highly recommended in pregnant women due to its potential harm in fetal development and stimulation of intractable nausea and vomiting. Recognizing the symptoms and proper history taking prompt early diagnosis, allowing timely and adequate treatment.
Piezoelectric-based high performance spray solvent delivery system for desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: Systematic design and case studies for high throughput screening of N-alkylation reactions

Abstract Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) is a powerful tool for ultra-high throughput chemical reaction screening having enormous scientific and practical implications. DESI-MS enables considerably faster chemical reaction and/or product discovery than most current screening methods using very small amount of materials. It has the advantage of bringing the reagents in contact inside charged micro-droplets, that can accelerate reaction by compared to bulk or flow reaction approaches. Since both the desorption efficiency from the surface and the reaction kinetics can be significantly influenced by the DESI spray solvent flowrate and composition, these parameters are expected to play key roles in the overall performance of the ultrahigh-throughput screening. Syringe pumps are frequently used to deliver the DESI spray. They are robust, but inflexible and slow when it comes to manipulating solvent composition and varying flowrate setpoints. This study addresses the importance of designing a high performance, flexible solvent delivery system that enables more rapid solvent composition and flowrate setpoint changes than the routinely used syringe pumps. Our system utilizes a piezoelectric-based pressure controller and valve system employed with fine-tuned adaptive proportional-integrative-derivative (PID) controller. N-alkylation reactions were used to demonstrate the impact of spray-solvent composition and flowrate on the DESI-MS outcome. In particular, the results showed that ions resulting from solvent mixtures can induce reactions that would be otherwise unobserved when using the corresponding neat solvents. This further signifies the need for a flexible spray-solvent delivery system with fast dynamics in the context of ultra-high throughput DESI-MS analysis.
Medical Family Therapy: Advanced Applications.

Book Title: Medical Family Therapy: Advanced Applications Book Authors: Jennifer Hodgson, Angela Lamson, Tai Mendenhall & D Russell Crane 2014, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, 489 pages ISBN 978-3-319-34336-5 (soft cover); 978-3-319-03481-2 (hardcover); 978-3-319-03482-9 (ebook) Price: US$57.50.
Diurnal Forcing and Phase Locking of Gravity Waves in the Maritime Continent

AbstractAn unfiltered zonal Hovmoller depiction of rainfall in the Maritime Continent (MC) reveals remarkable spatiotemporal continuity of zonally propagating disturbances with a diurnal period, wh...
Markers of Infection

Markers for the presence of a Helicobacter pylori infection consist of features or events that suggest that the infection is, or has been, present and include alterations in gastroduodenal structure and function, as well as tests to detect the bacterium itself or the presence of bacterial enzymes. It is now recognized that primary mucosa-associated gastric lymphoma (MALT lymphoma) and approximately 10% of cases of nonulcer dyspepsia are also directly related to H. pylori infection. There are a number of biochemical markers suggestive of the presence of an active or past H. pylori infection. A group of expert pathologists recommended that for diagnosis of H. pylori infection and characterization of the pattern of gastritis, two biopsies should routinely be taken from the antrum and two from the body of the stomach for histological evaluation. The accuracy of rapid urease testing is high, such that a correlation between histology and rapid urease testing provides a simple measure to gauge the accuracy of the pathology department. Detection of anti-H. pylori antibody is the easiest noninvasive approach to test for the presence of an H. pylori infection. With some tests only a few drops of fingerstick blood are required and the results are available in less than 5 min.
Microlaryngeal Teaching Courses: A National Survey on Prevalence, Value, and Barriers to Implementation.

Objective:To assess the prevalence of microlaryngeal teaching course in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited otolaryngology residency programs in an effort to eva...
Collaborating to Meet Challenges of Co - Teaching Common Core Standards--RESEARCH

Kentucky has led the nation in adopting Common Core Standards to revitalize education for next-generation learners and schools. To improve preparation of the state’s next-generation teachers, Kentucky has also mandated reform in training student teachers. This article reviews experiences of teacher educators from four Kentucky universities that are collaborating to ensure both quality and consistency in Co-Teaching Training, a new state requirement for all P12 cooperating teachers and university supervisors who mentor student teachers. The author reports cooperating teachers’ responses to their initial Co-Teaching Training; analyzes educators’ perceptions about a complementary relationship between Co-Teaching strategies and achievement of Common Core Standards; and reflects on mutual benefits of collaboration not only among the state’s teacher educators but also in collaborative partnerships between higher education and P-12 teachers so that Kentucky schools can meet the challenge of producing graduates who are college and career ready. By co-teaching with partners from universities in our area, we are modeling the strategies that mentor teachers must practice with teacher candidates.
In vivo functional localization of the temporal monocular crescent representation in human primary visual cortex.

Abstract The temporal monocular crescent (TMC) is the most peripheral portion of the visual field whose perception relies solely on input from the ipsilateral eye. According to a handful of post-mortem histological studies in humans and non-human primates, the TMC is represented visuotopically within the most anterior portion of the primary visual cortical area (V1). However, functional evidence of the TMC visuotopic representation in human visual cortex is rare, mostly due to the small size of the TMC representation (~6% of V1) and due to the technical challenges of stimulating the most peripheral portion of the visual field inside the MRI scanner. In this study, by taking advantage of custom-built MRI-compatible visual stimulation goggles with curved displays, we successfully stimulated the TMC region of the visual field in eight human subjects, half of them right-eye dominant, inside a 3 ​T MRI scanner. This enabled us to localize the representation of TMC, along with the blind spot representation (another visuotopic landmark in V1), in all volunteers, which match the expected spatial pattern based on prior anatomical studies. In all hemispheres, the TMC visuotopic representation was localized along the peripheral border of V1, within the most anterior portion of the calcarine sulcus, without any apparent extension into the second visual area (V2). We further demonstrate the reliability of this localization within/across experimental sessions, and consistency in the spatial location of TMC across individuals after accounting for inter-subject structural differences.
The basics of transition in congenital lifelong urology

Transition in urology is defined by the process that allows an adolescent or a young adult with a congenital or acquired urogenital anomaly to assume increasing responsibility for their own health care and to become the primary decision maker in their care. A review of the literature regarding transitional care for lifelong urologic congenital anomalies was performed with the aim of reporting expert opinion when data are non-existent. This review focuses on special considerations for adolescents and young adults with spina bifida, bladder exstrophy, anorectal malformations and differences of sexual development. Urologic goals during the transition from childhood to adulthood continue to include attention to the preservation of renal function and optimization of lower urinary tract function. Additional concerns include care to decrease long-term surgical complications (especially after augmentation cystoplasty), to monitor for malignancy, to prepare for sex activity and fertility, and to help the adult patient in decision making. Transition aims to maximize quality of life and independence by ensuring uninterrupted appropriate care through a multidisciplinary approach which varies by geographical location and healthcare setting. Barriers include patient and family factors as well as provider and system related factors. A dedicated team is an important element of successful transition.
Neo-extractivism, the Bolivian state, and indigenous peasant women’s struggles for water in the Altiplano:

In pursuing progress and economic growth, the Bolivian state led by President Evo Morales replicated the colonial division of labor through a development model known as neo-extractivism. Rooted ten...
Predictive Analytics and the Return of "Research" Information to Participants

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates older adults aged 60+ will double by 2050 with 80% living in low to moderate income countries. As remote research studies supported by digital devices increase separation between researchers and participants, it is important to maintain participant trust. Research participants have expressed an interest in accessing both group and individual level results, which are not readily available. To bridge this gap, we engaged residents of a local continuing care senior housing community (CCSHC) to co-design documents used to convey information about study results. The process informed the refinement of informational materials for communicating scientific research that the CCSHC community considers accessible and meaningful.
Effects of Chia Seed Levels on Quality and Bio-Functional Profile of Stirred Yoghurt

Yoghurt is considered as a healthy food. Thus, it could convey functional and bioactive ingredients. Chia seeds are of great interest due to their ability to improve consumer health. In this study, chia seeds were added to stirred yoghurt at diff erent doses (1.5, 3, 4.5, or 6%). The effects of chia seeds on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory qualities were assessed during 28 days of refrigerated storage. The results showed that chia seeds slightly decreased post-acidification, the lowest value was obtained in yogurt with 3% chia seeds (24°D), but syneresis rose significantly (P<0.05) when 6% of chia seeds was added. Furthermore, chia seeds promote viability of yoghurt bacteria, and antioxidant activity reached 62.20±0.02% in yoghurt added with 1.5% chia seeds. However, proteolysis is not affected. The effects of chia seeds were not dose dependent as 4.5% and 6% did not follow trend. These findings were affirmed by sensory characteristics. Thus, stirred yoghurt containing 1.5 or 3% of chia seeds proved to be the most adequate choices.
An etiological study of intellectually disabled children under 14 years old in Anhui Province, China

OBJECTIVE To explore the etiological factors of intellectually disabled children in Anhui Province using a multicenter etiological study. METHODS A total of 200 children aged 0 to 14 years in Anhui Province who were diagnosed with intellectual disabilities were recruited as the study cohort. Their general information (perinatal information, parental educational levels, family environments, etc.) was collected through questionnaires, and the Gesell Developmental Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale were used to assess the intelligence development of the enrolled children. RESULTS Among the 528 children, 270 (51.14%) had severe intellectual disabilities and 258 (48.86%) had mild intellectual disabilities. It was found that various perinatal factors (premature birth, asphyxia, ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy, etc.), severe cerebral palsy, and psychosocial factors were the main etiological factors, accounting for 27.42%, 22.29%, and 17.16% respectively. There was a significant difference in the distribution of the etiologies between the rural and urban areas (P<0.01). The educational levels of most of the parents in the rural areas were lower than the parents' educational levels in the cities. CONCLUSION Correlation analyses are helpful for the early diagnosis of children suspected of having intellectual disabilities and they provide a scientific basis for improving the children's quality of life and their early rehabilitation treatment.
Precursor of pair-density wave in doping Kitaev spin liquid on the honeycomb lattice

We study the effects of doping the Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice where the spins interact via the bond-directional interaction JK, which is known to have a quantum spin liquid as its exact ground state. The effect of hole doping is studied within the t-JK model on a three-leg cylinder using density-matrix renormalization group. Upon light doping, we find that the ground state of the system has a dominant quasi-long-range charge-density-wave correlations but short-range single-particle correlations. In the pairing channel, the even-parity superconducting correlation is dominant with d-wave-like symmetry, which oscillates in sign as a function of separation with a period equal to that of the spin-density wave and two times the charge-density wave. Although these correlations fall rapidly (possibly exponentially) at long distances, this is never-the-less the example where a pair-density wave is the leading instability in the pairing channel on the honeycomb lattice.
Intergenerational transmission of appetite self-regulation

Abstract Parents and other primary caregivers affect the development of children's self-regulation in myriad ways, including via the parent's own self-regulation abilities. Ample evidence supports the association between mother and child self-regulation, yet this has never been experimentally assessed with regard to appetite self-regulation, the self-regulation of food intake. This study sought to explicitly test the associations between mother and child self-regulation across 3 domains: (1) appetite, (2) attentional control, and (3) inhibitory control. A community sample of 88 mother-preschooler dyads (ages 3–5) participated in this cross-sectional, experimental study. Results demonstrated that maternal self-regulation was significantly positively associated with child self-regulation in the appetite domain, b = 0.52, t(63.54) = 2.39, p = .020, but not for attentional or inhibitory control. These results add to the literature on parental influences on self-regulation development in early childhood and suggest that patterns of mother-child associations may vary across domains of self-regulation.
Induced ovulation and conception in locating sows.

Fifty lactating sows were injected with 1,500 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) at an average of 25 days postpartum. Twenty-four of these sows received prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) 24 hr prior to PMSG. Ninety-six hours after the PMSG injection, 1,000 IU of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) were injected. Artificial insemination was performed at 24 and 36 to 42 hr post-HCG. The PMSG/HCG treatment resulted in pregnancy in 17 of 20 sows slaughtered from 34 to 43 days postbreeding and in 23 of 30 sows allowed to complete gestation. Mean numbers of corpora lutea (33) and viable embryos (15) were counted at slaughter. Litter sizes were averaged (11) for those sows allowed to farrow. Treatment with PGF2 alpha prior to PMSG injection had no effect on conception rates, number of corpora lutea, number of embryos or litter size in the lactating sows. In a second experiment, the same hormone treatments were administered to lactating sows beginning on day 5, 10, 15 or 20 postpartum. Pregnancy rates were 0/10, 2/10, 8/10 and 6/10, respectively (P less than .05, chi-square). At slaughter (30 to 40 days postbreeding), corpora lutea and embryo numbers recorded from pregnant sows were 23.0, 9.5; 31.5, 15.3, and 28.0, 18.8, respectively, for the sows in the day 10, day 15 and day 20 groups. In a third experiment, sows were given PMSG-HCG as previously described on either day 5 (five sows) or day 10 (14 sows) postpartum. Laparotomy of these sows 2 to 5 days postbreeding revealed minimal ovarian responsiveness at day 5, but 43% of the animals responded with multiple ovulations at day 10. The low pregnancy rate seen at day 10 in Exp. 2 may reflect embryonic mortality due to unfavorable uterine environment. We conclude that the PMSG/HCG treatment followed by timed artificial insemination of lactating sows will induce ovulation and coneption as early as 15 days postfarrowing. Pregnancy is thus concurrent with lactation, eliminating the need for early weaning and reducing the interval between successive farrowings.
Stoichiometric relationships in cortisol-induced swelling of rat liver mitochondria.

Abstract : The influence of cortisol on the swelling of rat liver mitochondria was studied by measuring the changes of optical density of mitochondrial suspensions in the presence and in the absence of the steroid. The results show that an increase of the swelling rate under the influence of cortisol is apparent 12 and 44 minutes after mixing the hormones and the mitochondrial suspension; the effect disappears after a few hours. Maximal acceleration is observed at 1/10 to the 9th power M cortisol. At this steroid concentration the ratio of cortisol molecules per mitochondrion is approximately 1000:1. This is the same order of magnitude that has previously been observed in spontaneous beinding of cortisol to rat liver mitochondria. (Author)
Sulphur heterocycles in coal-derived products: Relation between structure and abundance

Abstract Sulphur heterocycles in a coal tar and in a coal liquid vacuum residue were isolated by ligand exchange chromatography using PdCl2 on silica gel. Subsequent fractions were analysed by capillary column gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two new selective stationary phases (a smectic liquid-crystalline polysiloxane and a biphenyl polysiloxane), as well as a methylpolysiloxane, were used to resolve the numerous isomers. All major sulphur heterocycles with 3–6 rings were identified by comparison of retention times of mixture components with those of standard reference compounds. The structures and relative abundances of the major sulphur heterocycles were analogous to those of the major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the same or similar samples.
The Big Chill: Interpersonal Coldness and Emotion‐Labeling Skills

Interpersonally cold (relative to warm) individuals may be less skilled in inferring the emotional states of others, a factor that should contribute to their poorer social relationships. Systematic support for this hypothesis was obtained in 4 studies (total N = 434 undergraduates) involving diverse emotion- and affect-decoding tasks. Specifically, relatively cold individuals exhibited lower accuracy in decoding emotional facial expressions (Study 1), in labeling the emotions of others from audio and video clips (Study 2), in predicting the emotions of others from social scenario descriptions (Study 3), and in the normative accuracy of their word evaluations (Study 4). Altogether, the results demonstrate that cold individuals appear broadly deficient in linking emotion and affect to relevant environmental stimuli. Implications of the findings for understanding the nature and correlates of interpersonal coldness are discussed.
Weight management using the internet a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Most weight-loss research targets obese individuals who desire large weight reductions. However, evaluation of weight-gain prevention in overweight individuals is also critical as most Americans become obese as a result of a gradual gain of 1–2 pounds per year over many years. Method: This study evaluated the efficacy of an Internet-based program for weight-loss and weight-gain prevention with a two-group, prospective, randomized controlled trial. A military medical research center with a population of 17,000 active-duty military personnel supplied 446 overweight individuals (222 men; 224 women) with a mean age of 34 years and a mean BMI of 29. Recruitment and study participation occurred 2003–2005 and data were analyzed in 2006. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the 6-month behavioral Internet treatment (BIT, n227) or usual care (n224). Change in body weight, BMI, percent body fat, and waist circumference; presented as group by time interactions, were measured. Results: After 6 months, completers who received BIT lost 1.3 kg while those assigned to usual care gained 0.6 kg (F(df366)24.17; I0.001). Results were similar for the intention-to-treat model. BIT participants also had significant changes in BMI (– 0.5 vs 0.2 kg/m 2 ; F(df366)24.58); percent body fat (– 0.4 vs 0.6%; F(df366)10.45); and waist circumference (–2.1 vs – 0.4 cm; F(df366)17.09); p0.001 for all. Conclusions: Internet-based weight-management interventions result in small amounts of weight loss, prevent weight gain, and have potential for widespread dissemination as a population health approach.
Structure and innervation of the third axillary muscle of Manduca relative to its role in turning flight

The morphology, ultrastructure, innervation and physiology of the third axillary muscle in Manduca sexta were examined to investigate the role of this muscle in flight. The muscle consists of three parts: the upper bundle, which originates on the episternum, and the middle and lower bundles, which originate on the epimeron; all three parts insert on the tip of a projection from the third axillary sclerite. The middle bundle is composed of tonic fibres, and is innervated by a single slow axon, while the other two bundles consist of intermediate fibres and are each innervated by a single fast axon. The shape and position of the third axillary sclerite within the wing hinge are such that its primary function appears to be remotion of the wing. The length of the third axillary muscle determines the amount of remotion, independency of the degree of elevation or depression of the wing and independently of the amount of remotion of the contralateral wing. Electrophysiological recordings from the three parts of the muscle during tethered flight indicate that they may each function independently of each other and in different ways. The tonic (middle) bundle is capable of maintaining tension to hold the wings in the folded position at rest and is active when the wings are folded at the end of flight. The intermediate (upper and lower) bundles are activated phasically with impulses that may occur with various relationships to the timing of activation of a direct depressor, the subalar, or of several of the elevators. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the third axillary muscles on both sides are important in determining the asymmetric degrees of remotion observed in turning flight.
Analysis of regulatory network topology reveals functionally distinct classes of microRNAs

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Little is known about the crosstalk between miRNAs and transcription factors (TFs). Here we provide data suggesting that the interaction patterns between TFs and miRNAs can influence the biological functions of miRNAs. From this global survey, we find that a regulated feedback loop, in which two TFs regulate each other and one miRNA regulates both of the factors, is the most significantly overrepresented network motif. Mathematical modeling shows that the miRNA in this motif stabilizes the feedback loop to resist environmental perturbation, providing one mechanism to explain the robustness of developmental programs that is contributed by miRNAs. Furthermore, on the basis of a network motif profile analysis, we demonstrate the existence of two classes of miRNAs with distinct network topological properties. The first class of miRNAs is regulated by a large number of TFs, whereas the second is regulated by only a few TFs. The differential expression level of the two classes of miRNAs in embryonic developmental stages versus adult tissues suggests that the two classes may have fundamentally different biological functions. Our results demonstrate that the TFs and miRNAs extensively interact with each other and the biological functions of miRNAs may be wired in the regulatory network topology.
Changing Modern Languages To Meet Modern Trends

Author's Summary— An extra-curricular program has been worked out which reacts not only to train for constructive citizenship, and to develop an international mind, but to stimulate class work so that the foreign language department can contribute to present-day ideals of education, without sacrificing any disciplinary training in the academic sphere.)
Lincoln in His Own Time: A Biographical Chronicle of His Life, Drawn from Recollections, Interviews, and Memoirs by Family, Friends, and Associates

Lincoln in His Own Time: A Biographical Chronicle of His Life, Drawn from Recollections, Interviews, and Memoirs by Family, Friends, and Associates EDITED BY HAROLD K. BUSH, JR. Iowa City: Universi...
Timing of the auxin response in coleoptiles and its implications regarding auxin action.

The timing of the auxin response was followed in oat and corn coleoptile tissue by a sensitive optical method in which the elongation of about a dozen coleoptile segments was recorded automatically. The response possesses a latent period of about 10 min at 23°C, which is extended by low concentrations of KCN or by reducing the temperature, but is not extended by pretreatments with actinomycin D, puromycin, or cycloheximide at concentrations that partially inhibit the elongation response. Analysis of the data indicates that auxin probably does not act on the elongation of these tissues by promoting the synthesis of informational RNA or of enzymatic protein. Not excluded is the possibility that auxin acts at the translational level to induce synthesis of a structural protein, such as cell wall protein or membrane protein. While the data do not provide direct support for this hypothesis, the speed with which cycloheximide inhibits elongation suggests that continual protein synthesis may be important in the mechanism of cell wall expansion.
Treatment and prevention of pain due to vaso-occlusive crises in adults with sickle cell disease: an educational void

Pain due to vaso-occlusive crisis is the major cause of hospital use in sickle cell disease. Although available guidelines provide recommendations for opioid administration in this setting, only 4 (21%) of 19 medical textbooks present treatment regimens that are consistent with them. Moreover, only 7 texts (37%) note that addiction is infrequent in this population, while 11 (92%) of 12 texts provide such reassurance for cancer-related pain ( P < .005). Finally, hydroxyurea use to decrease the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises is completely defined only in 2 textbooks. Thus, most medical texts provide neither adequate information for the treatment or prevention of pain due to vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease nor reassurance of the unlikelihood of addiction in this population. In contrast, treatment recommendations for less common hematologic disorders are consistent with current standards in 53% to 84% of appropriate texts ( P < .05). Limited knowledge regarding the principles and appropriateness of opioid therapy; a lack of evidence-based research on pain control; and misconceptions and prejudices about drug abuse and addiction contribute to this educational void. Thus, research and training on pain control in sickle cell disease are needed to parallel studies of environmental and genetic factors contributing to the known clinical heterogeneity of this disorder.
An analysis of nontraditional activities at U.S. commercial banks

Abstract In recent years, commercial banking in the United States has experienced a decline in its traditional business of financing loans by issuing deposits. Simultaneously, banks have become more involved in nontraditional activities that provide financial services and generate fee income. As a result, real aggregate noninterest income has risen relative to income from traditional activities. This paper examines features common to banks that are heavily engaged in nontraditional areas. The empirical analysis suggests that these banks tend to be larger, have smaller net interest margins, have relatively fewer core deposits, and exhibit less risk. These findings have intuitive appeal and conform to conventional wisdom; while larger banks have fewer core deposits and face more competitive interest rate conditions, resulting in narrow spreads from traditional intermediation, they have more diverse sources of revenue and greater access to financial markets, which reduces risk.
Brave New Reductionism: TQM as Ethnocentrism

At century's end, practices at institutions of higher education are regularly subjected to a numbing array of stresses. Under the umbrella of fiscal austerity, intensified regimes of surveillance, in the form of corporatist management philosophies such as Total Quality Management (TQM), have been widely imposed. TQM proponents now advocate the total managementof human thought and identity. In a blatantly econometric and ethnocentric discourse where human variability is a "virus" to be "eliminated" under a war metaphor, nothing less than the future of independent intellectual work is at stake. This essay primarily explores how the theoretical roots and contemporary tropes of TQM shape a range of TQM-effects.