cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reducing execution parameter through correspondence in computer architecture

The purpose of this study is to develop and extend techniques to provide architectural correspondence between high-level language objects and hardware resources so as to minimize execution time parameters (memory traffic, program size, etc.). A resulting computer instruction set called Adept has been emulated, and a compiler has been developed with it as the target language. Although the study was restricted to Pascal, the resulting data are generally applicable to the execution time environment of any procedure-based language. Data indicate that significant bandwidth reductions are possible compared to System/370, VAX, P-code, etc. Specifically, the average improvement ratios realized were instruction bandwidth reduction: 3.46; data read reduction (in bytes): 5.42; data write reduction (in bytes): 14.72.
Monte Carlo low-temperature study of the kinetic three-spin triangular Ising model

The results of a Monte Carlo study of the low-temperature properties of a kinetic Ising model with triplet interactions on a triangular lattice are given. In particular, we determine the effective static exponents for the specific heat, susceptibility, and magnetization as well as the effective dynamic exponents for the time-dependent magnetic and energy correlation functions. Estimates are also given for the true exponents of these quantities. Within the accuracy of the Monte Carlo method, our results are consistent with the concept of weak universality.
Advanced Glycation End Products Enhance Expression of Pro-apoptotic Genes and Stimulate Fibroblast Apoptosis through Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial Pathways

Both aging and diabetes are characterized by the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Both exhibit other similarities including deficits in wound healing that are associated with higher rates of fibroblast apoptosis. In order to investigate a potential mechanism for enhanced fibroblast apoptosis in diabetes and aged individuals, experiments were carried out to determine whether the predominant advanced glycation end product in skin, N-epsilon-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML)-collagen, could induce fibroblast apoptosis. In vivo experiments established that CML-collagen but not unmodified collagen induced fibroblast apoptosis and that apoptosis was dependent upon caspase-3, -8, and -9 activity. In vitro experiments demonstrated that CML-collagen but not control collagen induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in fibroblast apoptosis. By use of blocking antibodies, apoptosis was shown to be mediated through receptor for AGE signaling. AGE-induced apoptosis was largely dependent on the effector caspase, caspase-3, which was activated through both cytoplasmic (caspase-8-dependent) and mitochondrial (caspase-9) pathways. CML-collagen had a global effect of enhancing mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic genes that included several classes of molecules including ligands, receptors, adaptor molecules, mitochondrial proteins, and others. However, the pattern of expression was not identical to the pattern of apoptotic genes induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Studies on metal carboxylates. VIII. Reactions of acetylacetonates of the first row transition elements with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid☆

Abstract The acetylacetonates VO(acac) 2 , M(acac) 3 , where M = V, Mn or Fe and [M′(acac) 2 ] n , where M′ = Co, Ni or Cu, have been reacted with pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (dipicH 2 ) in acetone to afford the complexes VO(dipic)·2H 2 O, M(acac)(dipic)·xH 2 O [M = V, Mn or Fe and x = 1 or 0] and M 2 (dipic) (dipicH) 2 ·yH 2 O [M = Co, Ni or Cu and y = 2 or 0]. The cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes are converted to polymeric [M(dipic)] n in ethanol and all three complexes formulated as M 2 (dipic)(dipicH) 2 react with 2,2′2″-terpyridyl to yield M(dipic)(terpy)·3H 2 O. The vanadium(III) complex V(acac)(dipic) is oxidized to VO(dipic)·4H 2 O in aqueous solution via the vanadium(III) intermediate V(OH)(dipic)·2H 2 O. Tentative structural conclusions are drawn for certain of these new complexes based upon room temperature spectral and magnetic measurements. The characterization of these complexes has included selected studies of their X-ray photoelectron spectra.
Higher-dimensional operators in SUSY SO(10) GUT models

Abstract SO ( 10 ) GUT models with only small Higgs fields use higher-dimensional operators to generate realistic fermion mass matrices. In particular, a Higgs field in the spinor representation, 16 H d , acquires a weak scale vev. We include the weak vev of the corresponding field 16 ¯ H u and investigate its effects based on two successful models, one by Albright and Barr (AB) and another by Babu, Pati and Wilczek (BPW). We find that the BPW model is a particular case within a class of models with identical fermion masses and mixings. In contrast, we expect corrections to the parameters of AB-type models.
“The Button”: Initiating the Patient–Nurse Interaction

Patient-nurse interactions are foundational to care that is desired by patients. Evidence about patient-initiated interactions with nurses is scant and little focus has been placed on the meaning to patients of ways to call for help when needed. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to provide a more intensive focus on initiative, one of four categories identified in a grounded theory study related to the perception of feeling safe in intensive care. Of 10 participants, a subset of 9 participant interviews was included in this analysis. Participants perceived "the button" was a way to initiate interaction with a nurse and to get the help they might need "right now." This report emphasizes the importance of nurse call lights to patients and contributes to evidence focused on the meaning for patients of initiating interaction with nurses. Findings have important implications for care quality and nurse education.
Outcomes of initial noninvasive Helicobacter pylori testing in U.S. primary care patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia

Outcomes of initial noninvasive Helicobacter pylori testing in U.S. primary care patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia
Multiresolution Ensemble Forecasts of an Observed Tornadic Thunderstorm System. Part I: Comparsion of Coarse- and Fine-Grid Experiments

Abstract Using a nonhydrostatic numerical model with horizontal grid spacing of 24 km and nested grids of 6- and 3-km spacing, the authors employ the scaled lagged average forecasting (SLAF) technique, developed originally for global and synoptic-scale prediction, to generate ensemble forecasts of a tornadic thunderstorm complex that occurred in north-central Texas on 28–29 March 2000. This is the first attempt, to their knowledge, in applying ensemble techniques to a cloud-resolving model using radar and other observations assimilated within nonhorizontally uniform initial conditions and full model physics. The principal goal of this study is to investigate the viability of ensemble forecasting in the context of explicitly resolved deep convective storms, with particular emphasis on the potential value added by fine grid spacing and probabilistic versus deterministic forecasts. Further, the authors focus on the structure and growth of errors as well as the application of suitable quantitative metrics to ...
The small angle electromagnetic calorimeter at SLD: a 2m/sup 2/ application of silicon detector diodes

The SLD (Stanford Linear Collider Large Detector) collaboration is preparing a solenoidal detector at SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center) to measure the properties of Z/sup 0/ decays at the SLC (Stanford Linear Collider). One feature of this detector is the nearly 4 pi coverage of the electromagnetic calorimetry extending down to 23 mrad from the beam axis. The smallest angle coverage (23-200 mrad) is provided by calorimeters using silicon detector readout. These calorimeters are twenty-three radiation lengths in depth, segmented longitudinally every radiation length, and the twenty-three layers of silicon detectors are ganged into towers of roughly 1-2-cm/sup 2/ cross section. These towers are read out as two signals, one from the first six radiation lengths and one from the last seventeen. The design and construction of these devices is presented. The potential of the approach for silicon hadron calorimeters at future colliders is also discussed. >
Screening Approaches to Neurotoxicity: A Functional Observational Battery:

Observational tests to assess the behavioral and neurologic integrity of laboratory rats have been advanced for use in the primary screening of chemicals to detect neurotoxic potential. To examine the use of such an approach, we are systematically using a functional observational battery (FOB) to characterize known neurotoxicants and to assess its selectivity, reliability, specificity, and sensitivity. Our FOB is a series of tests that includes home cage and open field observations, neuromuscular and sensorimotor tests, and physiologic measures. Described in this article are the compounds we have tested to date and how the data have been integrated to produce a profile of effects for each. We have found the FOB to be sensitive to a variety of neurotoxicants, whose effects can be distinguished using a type of profile analysis as illustrated herein. This research effort provides important information about both the execution and the interpretation of FOB studies.
Topological models of the chemical bonding in transition metal-silicon clusters

Models are proposed for the mixed transition metal-silicon bare clusters CuSi10 and MSi16 (M=Cr, Mo, W) in which the transition metals are located in the centers ofD4d silicon polyhedra which are dual polyhedra of the square antiprism and 4,4-bicapped square antiprism (gyroelongated square bipyramid), respectively. In CuSi 10 + and MSi16 (M=Cr, Mo, W) the central transition metals have the favored 18-electron rare gas configurations receiving electrons from the silicon atoms through Si2M three-center bonds analogous to the three-center C2M bonds in metal-olefin complexes. Thus in CuSi10 the silicon polyhedron functions as a chelating persila-tetraolefin whereas in MSi16 (M=Cr, Mo, W) the silicon polyhedron functions as a persila-octaolefin in which six of the eight double bonds are complexed to the central metal atom leaving two uncomplexed double bonds.
Renormalization group studies of phase diagrams of Ising and XY-model films of variable thickness

Abstract We compare the critical behavior of spin - 1 2 Ising model (ordinary phase transition in two dimensions) and classical XY-model (topological phase transition in two dimensions) films, with two flat surfaces and nearest neighbor couplings K S between surface spins and K B between all others, as a function of film thickness. We carry out a real space Migdal-style renormalization in two stages. In the bulk stage the film is first renormalized towards a double layer, with the renormalized parameters as inter- and intra-layer couplings. Then the double layer is renormalized with those couplings as initial parameters. From the RG-equations for the bulk stage we find a tricritical point, not only for the Ising model (in which case it is well known) but also for the XY-model. It signals the existence of distinct surface and bulk transitions for sufficiently large values of K S K B . For the Ising model the complete program can be carried out and the phase diagram for films of arbitrary thickness is constructed. For the double layer XY-model a sufficiently complex Migdal-style renormalization appears to be unfeasible, presumably due to the possible presence of strings between the layers. Therefore, in an alternative approach, two representations for the partition function of the double layer XY-model are given. The system can be described in terms of its topological excitations, i.e., vortices on each layer and strings, either closed or terminating in vortices, between them. The system is also written as three coupled Coulomb gases. Based on this representation a renormalization group is found, and used, together with a Griffiths inequality for the correlation functions, to obtain information on the phase diagram. If there is a single phase transition, there is one phase where the correlations exhibit power law behavior and another where they fall off exponentially. The transition temperature increases monotonously with interlayer coupling to twice its value in two dimensions, but the nature of the phase transition for any finite inter-layer coupling appears to be different from that at zero coupling. We suggest that this is associated with the behavior of the internal strings. These results should be relevant for the renormalization of the film with isotropic bulk couplings as well as for layered systems of finite thickness, with different inter- and intra-layer couplings.
Contribution of fortification and supplement use to interindividual variation in nutrient intakes of women

Abstract Nutrient intake data obtained from 3-day diet records were used to compare means and coefficients of variation (CV's) between 46 women classified as high users of fortified foods and 68 women designated as low fortifiers. Greater use of fortified foods was not associated with larger CV's for total nutrient intake, but the CV's associated specifically with the portion of a nutrient added to the diet through fortification were significantly greater. This contrasts with substantial increases in both mean values and CV's when vitamin and mineral supplement use was included in estimates of total nutrient intake.
802.11g channel characterization utilizing labview and NI-USRP

Medical device manufacturers have recently begun to incorporate wireless communication, such as ZigBee and Bluetooth operating in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, into their medical devices. Wi-Fi, however, is a major source of interference in the ISM band. With patient safety in mind, the FDA has mandated coexistence testing for wireless medical devices [1]. An initial step toward supporting this mandate is to be able to accurately characterize the interfering network in a typical environment. In this paper, a software defined radio (SDR) is employed to serve as a platform for measuring channel duty cycle, packet arrival rate, node distribution, and packet inter-arrival time distribution of 802.11g networks. Theoretical and technical concerns are discussed, and tests performed to assess system integrity are described. Experimental tests examining channel characteristics of an 802.11g network are also reported.
QUALITY, OPERATIONAL LOGISTICS STRATEGY, AND REPURCHASE INTENTIONS: A PROFILE DEVIATION ANALYSIS

Emerging thoughts on quality suggest that three principal sources of customer-based value creation exist for firms operating in the online marketplace. These include a focus on delivering (1) service quality, (2) product quality, and (3) eBusiness quality. Drawing on strategic choice theory coupled with configuration theory, we conducted a profile deviation analysis among customers of online grocery firms using the “ideal” quality profile for four operational logistics strategies as the benchmark (semi extended strategy, fully extended strategy, de-coupled strategy, and centralized extended strategy). The findings suggest that service, product, and eBusiness quality-based fit with operational logistics strategy type are associated with customers' behavioral (repurchase) intentions. This lends support to the notion that capitalizing on the appropriately weighted quality-focus represents a strategic vehicle to create superior outcomes in online businesses. The makeup of these ideal quality profiles that represent the strongest repurchase intentions of customers is also provided.
A Reachability-Based Method for Large-Signal Behavior Verification of DC-DC Converters

A method for large-signal behavior verification of power electronics dc-dc converters subject to uncertain variations in operating conditions is proposed. This method relies on the computation of the reach set, i.e., the set of all possible trajectories that arise from different initial conditions, unknown-but-bounded inputs, and inherent switching. Large-signal behavior verification is accomplished by checking that the reach set remains within the region of state space defined by performance requirements, e.g., output voltage tolerance specifications, component voltage and current limits. Algorithms to solve the reachability problem for power electronics converters operating under both open- and closed-loop control are provided along with simulations illustrating the proposed method.
Resistance of Pinus taeda families under artificial inoculations with diverse fusiform rust pathogen populations and comparison with field trials

Controlled inoculations with 10 bulk inocula of Cronartium quercuum (Berk) Miyabe ex Shirai f.sp. fusiforme were carried out on open-pollinated progeny of 25 fast-growing Pinus taeda L. parents. The parents had a range of breed- ing values for resistance to fusiform rust in progeny field trials. There were highly significant differences among the half- sib families in response to inoculations, and these differences were very reproducible; the half-sib family-mean heritability of resistance to controlled inoculation was 0.97. All of the families that were susceptible in the field were susceptible in controlled inoculations, and most (12 of 17) of the field-resistant families were resistant in response to controlled inocula- tions. Significant pathogenic variability was observed among the different bulk inocula, although this accounted for only 1.9% of the total variation. Genetic differences among families within field-resistant or field-susceptible groups accounted for 13.7% of the total variation. The family by inocula interaction was highly significant, but a single field-resistant family contributed 44% of the total family by inocula interaction variance, and two other field-resistant families also showed sig- nificant interactions. Resume´ : Des tests d'inoculation controlee avec 10 sources d'inoculum de Cronartium quercuum (Berk) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme ont eteeffectues sur des descendances issues de pollinisation libre et provenant de 25 parents de Pinus taeda L. a croissance rapide. Les parents representaient une gamme de valeurs genetiques pour la resistance ala rouille fu- siforme dans des tests de descendance sur le terrain. Il y avait des differences significatives parmi les descendances unipar- entales en reaction aux inoculations et ces differences etaient tres reproductibles; l'heritabilitemoyenne des descendances uniparentales pour la resistance aux inoculations controlees etait de 0,97. Toutes les familles qui etaient sensibles sur le terrain etaient egalement sensibles dans les essais d'inoculation controlee et la plupart (12 sur 17) de celles qui etaient re´-
Hidden Markov Models for Online Handwritten Tamil Word Recognition

Hidden Markov Models (HMM) have long been a popu- lar choice for Western cursive handwriting recognition fol- lowing their success in speech recognition. Even for the recognition of Oriental scripts such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean, Hidden Markov Models are increasingly being used to model substrokes of characters. However, when it comes to Indic script recognition, the published work em- ploying HMMs is limited, and generally focussed on iso- lated character recognition. In this effort, a data-driven HMM-based online handwritten word recognition system for Tamil, an Indic script, is proposed. The accuracies obtained ranged from 98% to 92.2% with different lexicon sizes (1K to 20K words). These initial results are promising and warrant further research in this direction. The results are also encouraging to explore possibilities for adopting the approach to other Indic scripts as well.
Incidence of and outcomes after misaligned deployment of the Talent Thoracic Stent Graft System

Objective Various types of device-specific adverse events can occur during deployment of thoracic stent grafts due to the high flow rate and severe aortic angulation that is often encountered in the thoracic aorta. This study assessed the incidence, etiology, and overall effect of misaligned deployment of the Talent Thoracic Stent Graft (TSG) System. Techniques to predict and avoid this complication are discussed. Methods Data collection included pivotal-trial follow-up, direct surveys of centers inside and outside the United States and principal investigators, a targeted literature search, and review of complaint files. Misaligned deployment was considered to occur when the proximal covered or uncovered stent apices of a thoracic stent graft folded back on itself and remained nonparallel to the wall of the aorta after deployment had been completed. Results Of about 20,305 deployments to date of the Talent TSG, 24 misaligned deployments were identified for an incidence of 0.1%. Nineteen (79%) events occurred during treatment of degenerative aneurysms or penetrating ulcers, four (17%) during treatment of dissections, and the underlying pathology could not be determined for one patient. The misalignment was noted at the proximal end of the stent graft in 15 patients (63%), and the other 9 events (37%) occurred at the graft overlap junction. Two events were treated intraoperatively, with a second overlapping device placed in one patient and a snare used to reposition the proximal stent in another. Adverse clinical events occurred in three patients and included a persistent type I endoleak, continued false lumen perfusion in a patient with dissection, and delayed retrograde type A dissection in a patient undergoing total arch repair. No intraoperative contrast extravasation or computed tomography evidence of perforation was noted. There were no perioperative deaths or cerebrovascular events, with one report of paraplegia among the 24 patients in this series. Conclusion Misaligned deployment is an unusual phenomenon that tends to occur in the context of certain well-defined anatomic conditions in the thoracic aorta. To date, most of these events have not led to significant adverse sequelae. However, careful patient selection, periprocedural imaging, and case planning can help to identify anatomies in which misaligned opening is likely to occur, allowing physicians to avoid this complication.
Fault Geometry and the Dynamics of the 1999 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) Earthquake

The 1999 M 7.6 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) earthquake produced a data set of unparalleled size and quality, particularly in the near-source region where data have been previously quite scarce. The large amount of near-source data allows the verification of many predictions of thrust-fault behavior for faults that intersect the surface of the earth. Through rigorous three-dimensional dynamic models of the Chi-Chi earthquake, it can be shown that many aspects of the observed near-source ground motion in this event are direct effects of the asymmetrical dipping fault geometry. These effects include the hanging wall moving more than the footwall (with strongly peaked velocities right at the fault trace) and a transition from predominantly thrust motion in the south of the fault to largely left-lateral motion in the north. Building on the work of Oglesby and Day (2001), the current work helps to delineate the effects of fault geometry, nonuniform prestress, and dynamic waves on the physics of the Chi-Chi earthquake and dip-slip faults in general. In particular, we find that a completely homogeneous prestress pattern still fits the gross features of the near-source ground motion quite well. Additionally, the strike-slip component of motion near the fault trace is seen to be a combination of dynamic and static effects. Finally, dynamic overshoot is seen to be much larger for dip-slip faults than for otherwise identical vertical faults. The results emphasize the necessity of rigorous models that correctly account for both the effects of fault geometry and dynamic waves in the rupture and slip processes. Manuscript received 31 July 2000.
Measuring Time Use of Older Couples: Lessons from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics

Time diaries are a well-established method for providing population estimates of the amount of time and types of activities respondents carry out over the course of a full day. This article focuses on a computerassisted telephone application developed to collect multiple, same-day 24hour diaries from older couples who participated in the 2009 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We present selected findings from developmental and field activities, highlighting methods for three diary enhancements: (1) implementationofamultiple,same-daydiarydesign;(2)minimizingerroneous reporting of sequential activities as simultaneous; and (3) tailoring activity descriptors (or ‘‘follow-up’’ questions) that depend on a precoded activity value. A final section discusses limitations and implications for future time diary efforts.
Borrelia burgdorferi Are Susceptible to Killing by a Variety of Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Components

The killing of Borrelia burgdorferi by intact human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and by individual PMNL components was compared. Intact PMNL killed B. burgdorferi 6.5-fold more efficiently and 5-fold more completely when spirochetes were opsonized with specific antibodies. U-cytoplasts, which have activatable oxidase, killed opsonized B. burgdorferi with an efficiency similar to that of intact PMNL in killing unopsonized B. burgdorferi. Although B. burgdorferi were susceptible to H 2 O 2 and nitric oxide, PMNL lysates killed B. burgdorferi nearly as well as intact PMNL killed opsonized B. burgdorferi, suggesting a critical role for granule contents. B. burgdorferi were killed by the PMNL antimicrobial components elastase, LL-37, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, and human neutrophil peptide-1. B. burgdorferi had limited susceptibility to killing by lysozyme and were not killed by azurocidin, proteinase 3, or lactoferrin. The efficient killing of B. burgdorferi by a variety of PMNL mechanisms highlights the paradoxical persistence of spirochetes in vivo.
Acoustic detections of blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) and fin whale (B. physalus) sounds during a SURTASS LFA exercise

Acoustic data collected on the R/V Cory Chouest in February and March 1996 during an active operation of the U.S. Navy's surveillance-towed-array-sensor-system low-frequency-active (LFA) sonar were analyzed for blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) and fin whale (B. physalus) sounds. Operational monitoring and mitigation protocols were implemented throughout the exercise to reduce the chances of an acoustic impact on marine mammals and sea turtles. The operational schedule did not include intentional "control" periods without transmissions but did include periods when the LFA sonar was not operating for other reasons (e.g., repairs). There were insufficient detections of blue whales for further analysis. Fin whale acoustic detection probabilities were calculated from the postprocessed data. A local-linear-regression analysis was used to compare fin whale detection probabilities from 2065 11-min intervals under conditions when the LFA sonar was and was not transmitting. There was an indication of a slightly higher probability of detecting fin whale sounds during periods when there were no LFA transmissions than during periods with transmissions. This may be the result of the following: 1) Reduced vocal activity by whales in response to LFA transmissions; 2) the effect of the mitigation protocols; or 3) some combination of 1) and 2). The data presently available do not allow one to distinguish definitively between these explanations, mainly because there were not enough data recorded for periods without LFA transmissions
Prediction of placenta accreta by ultrasonography and color doppler imaging

Objective. To determine the accuracy of ultrasound and color flow Doppler to diagnose placenta accreta.Methods. Respectively, ultrasound images consistent with signs of placenta accreta (concomitant previa, numerous vascular lacunae, absent lower uterine segment between bladder–placenta, turbulent or complicated blood flow at the uteroplacental interface) were correlated with findings at the time of surgery and pathologic examination.Results. Over 64 months, 12 cases with suspected placenta accreta by ultrasound were studied. The median gestational age at first diagnosis was 25 weeks and 92% had a previa while all had at least one previous cesarean delivery. At surgery, 83% (10/12) had an adherent placenta requiring hysterectomy (eight accreta, one increta, and one percreta). There were two false positives (one complete previa, one low-lying placenta with vasa previa). Nine of 12 women (75%) required blood transfusions due to a mean hematocrit nadir of 22.7 ± 4.6%. The mean number of packed red blood cell...
VitisCyc: a metabolic pathway knowledgebase for grapevine (Vitis vinifera).

We have developed VitisCyc, a grapevine-specific metabolic pathway database that allows researchers to i) search and browse the database for its various components such as metabolic pathways, reactions, compounds, genes and proteins, ii) compare grapevine metabolic networks with other publicly available plant metabolic networks, and iii) upload, visualize and analyze high-throughput data such as transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes etc. using OMICs-Viewer tool. VitisCyc is based on the genome sequence of the nearly homozygous genotype PN40024 of Vitis vinifera ‘Pinot Noir’ cultivar with 12X v1 annotations and was built on BioCyc platform using Pathway Tools software and MetaCyc reference database. Furthermore, VitisCyc was enriched for plant-specific pathways and grape-specific metabolites, reactions and pathways. Currently VitisCyc harbors 68 super pathways, 362 biosynthesis pathways, 118 catabolic pathways, 5 detoxification pathways, 36 energy related and 6 transport pathways, 10,908 enzymes, 2912 enzymatic reactions, 31 transport reactions and 2,024 compounds. VitisCyc, as a community resource, can aid in the discovery of candidate genes and pathways that are regulated during plant growth and development, and in response to biotic and abiotic stress signals generated from a plant’s immediate environment. VitisCyc version 3.18 is available online at http://pathways.cgrb.oregonstate.edu.
A GC–MS study of the addition reaction of aryl amines with acrylic monomers

Previous studies have shown that the interaction of carboxylic acid groups with the amine functionalities of aryl amines, especially secondary and tertiary aryl amines, can lead to the free-radical polymerization of acrylic monomers such as methyl methacrylate. In this study, the Michael addition reaction of primary and secondary aryl amines with acrylic monomers such as acrylic acid (AA) was investigated. Equivalent amounts of either p-toluidine (PT) or N-phenylglycine (NPG) and AA were combined in polar solvents such as ethanol. The reactions were conducted at ambient (23°C) or near-ambient (37–60°C) temperatures. Samples (about 3–5 mg) of these products were then trimethylsilylated with a solution consisting of 0.4 mL of bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) and 0.4 mL of acetonitrile by heating for 30 min at 140°C under N2. These derivatives were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The GC–MS analyses suggest that 1 mol of the primary amine PT had reacted with 2 mol of AA to yield the expected N-p-tolyliminodipropionic acid. Similarly, the secondary amine NPG added to 1 mol of AA yielded the corresponding mixed iminodiacid, N-phenyliminoacetic–propionic acid. It would appear that the Michael reaction of primary and secondary amines with acrylic monomers may offer a general, facile synthetic route to a variety of tertiary amines. Aryl amino acids of the type synthesized in this study may find use in a number of dental applications, e.g., as surface-active adhesive agents and as polymerization initiators or activators. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polm Sci 67:1545–1551, 1998
Fatty acid and stable isotope biomarkers suggest microbe‐induced differences in benthic food webs between depths

Benthic marine consumers inhabiting the subphotic zone rely on subsidies of energy synthesized by macrophytes and phytoplankton in the photic zone. The effects of this energy subsidy on the trophic ecology of deep invertebrates are generally unknown. We used fatty acids (FA) and multiple stable isotopes (MSI) as trophic biomarkers to compare tissues from conspecifics of primary and secondary consumers in photic and subphotic habitats (15 and 100 m depth) at three sites in the San Juan Archipelago, Washington. FA composition differed across depths for all five species and MSI differed across depths for six of seven species. We found a general pattern of enrichment in d13C from shallow to deep for all consumers. d15N was consistently enriched in deep herbivores and suspension feeders, but did not differ in predators. Total v-3 FA were lower in deep primary consumers, whereas predator v-3 FA did not differ between depths. Total bacterial marker FA were lower in deep suspension feeders but higher in deep predators. The results suggest a possible mechanism for the differences in FA and enrichment between habitats: deep consumers potentially ingest detritus that has been biochemically altered by microbes during transport. We found support for this hypothetical mechanism in an algal aging experiment. Aged algae colonized by microbes responded with increases in bacterial FA, and decreases in v-3 FA. This study highlights the power of combining FA and MSI biomarkers, and provides evidence for the importance of organic matter degradation to food web studies.
Cross-Cultural Field Education: A Transformative Learning Experience

Seminary field education offers students a hands-on way to connect theology and prac- tice. When that practice occurs in a cross-cultural setting, students and faculty need an educational lens to guide their experiences of teaching and learning. Mezirow's Transformative Learning Theory informs and forms the process of exploring ministry in unfamiliar settings that are right next door.
Advances in the IBM z13 I/O function and capability

The IBM z13™ introduces a number of significant improvements in the I/O subsystem relative to the IBM zEnterprise™ EC12. This includes advancing the I/O drawer infrastructure to implement generation 3 (Gen 3) of the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express® (PCIe®) links and switches. For the first time on this platform, the PCIe ports are placed directly within the IBM z13 processor itself, reducing latency by avoiding the necessity of using hub chips that have traditionally been implemented for routing and expansion of the PCIe infrastructure. Portions of the processor chip have been reserved to implement the functionality that would previously have resided on these separate hub chips. Traditional I/O features such as Fiber Connection (FICON®), Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP), Open System Adapter (OSA), Crypto Express, and Flash Express are provided with enhanced functionality in the PCIe I/O drawer. The PCIe infrastructure has created the opportunity to integrate additional native PCI adapters. This is further exploited with the use of Single Root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) capability on a Remote Direct Memory Access over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Express adapter, which now provides shared exploitation of the facilities within this adapter. An adapter utilizing field programmable gate arrays has been developed to provide compression acceleration in the z13 and forms a foundation for additional varieties of acceleration in the future.
Dynamically Modified Capillary Columns for Liquid Chromatographic Separations of Biological Compounds

Dynamically modified open tubular capillary columns were evaluated for separations of biological and clinical interest. Small diameter, dynamically modified columns were readily prepared by simple addition of cetyltrimethylammonium salts to the mobile phase. Separations similar to those obtained on conventional reversed-phase columns were observed for neutral solutes, and ion-pair reversed-phase separations were observed for charged solutes. Borosilicate and standard flint glasses were evaluated with respect to common etching procedures. A potential clinical application is presented in the separation of antitumor drugs.
The Single-License Solution

State regulation of insurance companies has long been criticized for increasing costs and limiting product innovation and rate competition as insurers attempt to conform to different states' codes. In response, it has been suggested that insurance regulation be federalized. This article proposes, instead, that insurers be allowed to operate nationally so long as they are licensed in one state. Doing this would provide 50 new licensing options for multi-state insurers. The single-license solution has the potential for triggering competition and innovation on insurance products and rates while preserving a role for meaningful state regulation.
I. Ars Moriendi: Illuminations on ‘The Good Death’ from the Arts and Humanities

(1998). I. Ars Moriendi: Illuminations on ‘The Good Death’ from the Arts and Humanities. The Hospice Journal: Vol. 13, A Good Dying: Shaping Health Care for the Last Months of Life, pp. 5-28.
Fentanyl and a Novel Synthetic Opioid U-47700 Masquerading as Street “Norco” in Central California: A Case Report

In 2013 and 2014, more than 700 deaths were attributed to fentanyl and fentanyl analogues in the United States. Of recent concern is the cluster of unintentional fentanyl overdoses because of tablets thought to be "Norco" purchased on the street in Northern California. U-47700 ( trans -3,4-dichloro- N -[2-(dimethyl-amino)cyclohexyl]- N -methylbenz-amide) is a nonfentanyl-based synthetic opioid with 7.5 times the binding affinity of morphine to μ-opioid. We report a case of fentanyl and U-47700 intoxication from what was thought to be illicitly purchased Norco. A 41-year-old woman presented to the emergency department (ED) for altered mental status shortly after ingesting 3 beige Norco pills bearing a Watson imprint. She had pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression, which reversed after 0.4 mg naloxone administration intravenously. She had complete recovery and was discharged from the ED after a 4-hour observation period. Serum testing with liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC 1260 QTOF/MS 6550; Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) confirmed the presence of the medications the patient reported receiving, and additionally fentanyl (15.2 ng/mL) and U-47700 (7.6 ng/mL). In this case report, street Norco purchased in Central California resulted in altered mental status requiring naloxone reversal because of fentanyl and the novel synthetic opioid U-47700. Because these compounds are not detected by routine urine drug testing and physical examination findings are similar to those of a traditional opioid toxidrome, emergency providers should use the patient's history and other circumstantial details to aid in diagnosis. In cases with suspicion of opioid or opioid analogue cause, we recommend that emergency providers contact their local poison control center, medical toxicologist, or public health department to aid in the investigation.
Niccolò Machiavelli: Il Principe, Blado: Rom 1532, 98 S. (dt.: Il Principe/Der Fürst, ital.- dt., übers. und hrsg. v. Philipp Rippel, Stuttgart 1986, 249 S.)

Niccolo Machiavelli wird am 3. Mai 1469 in Florenz geboren. Seine humanistische Ausbildung bereitet ihn auf Wunsch des Vaters auf eine politische Laufbahn vor. Am 19. Juni 1498 wird er vom Grosen Rat, der Burgervertretung von Florenz, zum Vorsteher der Zweiten Kanzlei fur militarische und ausenpolitische Angelegenheiten ernannt.
Sigma-1 Receptors Fine-Tune the Neuronal Networks.

The endoplasmic reticular (ER) protein sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) has been implicated in CNS disorders including but not limited to neurodegenerative diseases, depression, amnesia, and substance abuse. Sig-1Rs are particularly enriched in the specific domain where ER membranes make contacts with the mitochondria (MAM). Within that specific domain, Sig-1Rs play significant roles governing calcium signaling and reactive oxygen species homeostasis to maintain proper neuronal functions. Studies showed that the Sig-1R is pivotal to regulate neuroplasticity and neural survival via multiple aspects of mechanism. Numerous reports have been focusing on Sig-1R’s regulatory effects in ER stress, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and protein chaperoning. In this book chapter, we will discuss the emerging role of Sig-1R in balancing the populations of neuron and glia and their implications in CNS diseases.
Actuality and the a priori

We consider a natural-language sentence that cannot be formally represented in a first-order language for epistemic two-dimensional semantics. We also prove this claim in the “Appendix” section. It turns out, however, that the most natural ways to repair the expressive inadequacy of the first-order language render moot the original philosophical motivation of formalizing a priori knowability as necessity along the diagonal.
Isolation and identification of compounds from Kalanchoe pinnata having human alphaherpesvirus and vaccinia virus antiviral activity.

AbstractContext: Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (Crassulaceae) is a succulent plant that is known for its traditional antivirus and antibacterial usage.Objective: This work examines two compounds identified from the K. pinnata plant for their antivirus activity against human alphaherpesvirus (HHV) 1 and 2 and vaccinia virus (VACV).Materials and methods: Compounds KPB-100 and KPB-200 were isolated using HPLC and were identified using NMR and MS. Both compounds were tested in plaque reduction assay of HHV-2 wild type (WT) and VACV. Both compounds were then tested in virus spread inhibition and virus yield reduction (VYR) assays of VACV. KPB-100 was further tested in viral cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assay of HHV-2 TK-mutant and VYR assay of HHV-1 WT.Results: KPB-100 and KPB-200 inhibited HHV-2 at IC50 values of 2.5 and 2.9 μg/mL, respectively, and VACV at IC50 values of 3.1 and 7.4 μg/mL, respectively, in plaque reduction assays. In virus spread inhibition assay of VACV KPB-100 and KPB-200 yielded IC...
Identifying Policy Implications and Future Research Directions Regarding Military Community Support and Child Psychosocial Adjustment.

ABSTRACT Introduction: As former U.S. Army Surgeon General Horoho points out, a large fraction of what determines the health and readiness of our military families does not occur during appointments with professionals, but rather within the “Lifespace—where health really happens….” Indeed, when children of military families experience psychosocial difficulties, such stress impacts the service members' personal well-being and ability to focus at work, impairing their capacity to attend to the mission. As such, the Department of Defense (DoD) has instituted a family readiness system to bolster resiliency within military families, including children, e.g., by linking families with support networks. Bolstering military family resiliency, including the prevention of and effective intervention for child psychosocial problems, is an important issue at all levels of the DoD. Service members, leaders, and policy makers have a vested interest in promoting mission readiness and a healthy force. Research can play an ...
Parasitemia due to Sarcocystis neurona-like infection in a clinically ill domestic cat.

An 8-year-old, 6-kg, male neutered Domestic Shorthair cat was presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center (OSU-VMC) for difficulty breathing. Physical examination and thoracic radiographs indicated pneumonia, a soft-tissue mass in the left caudal lung lobe, and diffuse pleural effusion. The effusion was classified as modified transudate. Rare extracellular elongated (~5-7 μm × 1-2 μm) zoites with a central round to oval-shaped purple to deep purple vesicular nucleus with coarsely stippled chromatin and light blue cytoplasm were seen on a peripheral blood smear. Serum IgG and IgM were positive for Sarcocystis sp. antibodies and negative for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, suggesting that the infection was acute rather than a recrudescence of prior infection. This organism was most consistent with either Sarcocystis neurona or Sarcocystis dasypi based on DNA sequence analysis of PCR products using COC ssRNA, ITS-1, snSAG2, and JNB25/JD396 primer sets. This is the first report to visualize by light microscopy circulating Sarcocystis sp. merozoites in the peripheral blood of a domestic cat. Therefore, Sarcocystis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats with suspected systemic protozoal infection.
Open-Ended Half-Mode Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Sensor for Complex Permittivity Measurement

A novel open-ended half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (HMSIW) sensor with dielectric flange for measuring complex permittivity of liquids, semisolids, and granular and particulate materials is presented. The open-ended HMSIW is designed and fabricated on FR4 substrate. The sensor model is described by using the aperture admittance model of open-ended waveguide. The complex permittivity of a given material is determined from measurement of the one-port reflection coefficient. For accurate measurement of the complex permittivity, the well-known three-material (air, distilled water, and 25% ethanol aqueous solution) calibration method was used. Complex permittivity of ethanol and 50% and 76% ethanol aqueous solutions measured with the HMSIW were in good agreement with those obtained by using an open-ended coaxial-line probe. In addition, results of measurements on saline solutions, gelatin samples, and canola seed samples of different moisture contents are shown.
Solutions of (PDE) with Two Transitions in x 1 and Heteroclinic Behavior in x 2

The goal of this chapter is to construct another class of solutions of (PDE) that \(C^2(\mathbb{R}^2\times\mathbb{T}^{n-2})\)As \( x_2 \rightarrow \pm\infty\)the solutions we seek approach twotransition solutions of the type considered in Chapter 9.
Classification and Diagnosis of Childhood Autism

Kanner’s (1943) description of the autistic syndrome stands as a classic example of the contribution of an individual clinician investigator to psychiatric taxonomy. Despite subsequent modifications, this description has proven remarkably enduring; it stands as a benchmark against which all subsequent attempts to refine the diagnostic concept must be measured. Kanner’s description also suggested false leads for research (e.g., parental psychopathology) and colors current conceptions of this disorder almost irrevocably. How might we view these disorders today if Kanner had never published his initial case reports?
Urbanization Impacts on Pacific Northwest Aquatic and Riparian Physical Habitats

Physical habitat variables in aquatic environments include streambed substrate size, channel complexity and cover, riparian vegetation structure, and the degree and type of interaction between the channel and riparian area. Various physical processes work in combination to create a wide variety of riparian and aquatic physical habitats. Those processes include peak flow timing and magnitude; wood and sediment supply, transport, and deposition; stream bank and bed erosion; and channel migration. The spatial–temporal complexity of physical habitat conditions formed by those processes provides habitat elements critical to salmonid persistence. Rural-residential and urban development can significantly modify the processes that link aquatic ecosystems to the surrounding landscapes and directly or indirectly lead to habitat deterioration by altering hydrology, channel and substrate structure, and riparian vegetation.
Chemical Foundation of the Development of Resistance against Insecticides

Resistance against insecticides may develop in an insect population as a result of the selection pressure from chemical-control agents so changing its genetic composition that the bulk of the population comes to consist of resistant genotypes. Such developed resistance, to one or more insecticide types, has now been proven in more than 270 species of insects and acarines. It is the chemical and physiological basis of such gene-determined resistance that is the subject of this chapter.