cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Perfusion Computed Tomography for the Evaluation of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Strengths and Pitfalls.

Ischemic stroke results from occlusion of a cerebral artery, and it is the leading cause of disability and the fifth leading cause of death in the United States.1 Cerebral artery occlusion results in irreversible death of a component of cerebral tissue, which is referred to as the core infarction. There is an additional component of brain tissue that is ischemic, but viable, which is commonly referred to as the penumbra. The penumbra is at risk of irreversible infarction if timely restoration of blood flow is not achieved, and the preservation of the penumbra by restoration of arterial blood flow is the target of reperfusion therapy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Increasingly, perfusion computed tomography CT (PCT) is performed for physiological evaluation of the brain parenchyma in the setting of cerebral ischemia, and this technique may be used to determine volume of core infarction and of the penumbra. The physiological data derived from PCT is typically displayed in perfusion maps, including cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT; Figure 1). Regions of brain with severely reduced CBV or CBF correspond to the region of core infarction.2 Regions of brain with prolongation of the MTT or its derivatives, the time-to-peak and time-to-maximum (Tmax) of the residue function, have been shown to accurately measure the penumbra in patients with acute ischemic stroke.2 Figure 1. Matched and Mismatched perfusion computed tomography (PCT) imaging in a patient with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions. Noncontrast head CT (NCCT) and PCT images in a patient with a matched core and penumbra (patient 1) and in a patient with a mismatch between the core and penumbra (patient 2). Patient 1: NCCT images demonstrate evidence of acute ischemia within the left MCA territory, including loss of the left insular ribbon (NCCT, …
The effect of thermal annealing on dopant site choice in conjugated polymers

Abstract Solution-processed organic electronic devices often consist of layers of polar and non-polar polymers. In addition, either of these layers could be doped with small molecular dopants. It is extremely important for device stability to understand the diffusion behavior of these molecular dopants under the thermal stress and whether the dopants have preference for the polar or the non-polar polymer layers. In this work, a widely used molecular dopant 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) was chosen to investigate dopant site preference upon thermal annealing between the polar thiophene poly(thiophene-3-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)ethoxy]-2,5-diyl) (S–P3MEET) and non-polar thiophene poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). F4TCNQ is able to p-type dope both P3HT and S–P3MEET. Further doping studies of S–P3MEET using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, conductivity measurements and atomic force microscopy show that the F4TCNQ additive competes for doping sites with the covalently attached dopants on the S–P3MEET. Calorimetry measurements reveal that the F4TCNQ interacts strongly with the side-chains of the S–P3MEET, increasing the melting temperature of the side-chains by 30 °C with 5 wt% dopant loading. Next, the thermal stability of doping in the polar/non-polar (S–P3MEET/P3HT) bilayer architectures was investigated. Steady-state absorbance and fluorescence results show that F4TCNQ binds much more strongly in S–P3MEET than P3HT and very little F4TCNQ is found in the P3HT layer after annealing. In combination with reflectometry measurements, we show that F4TCNQ remains in the SP3MEET layer with annealing to 210 °C even though the sublimation temperature for neat F4TCNQ is about 80 °C. In contrast, F4TCNQ slowly diffuses out of P3HT at room temperature. We attribute this difference in binding the F4TCNQ anion to the ability of the ethyl-oxy side-chains of the S–P3MEET to orient around the charged dopant molecule and thereby to stabilize its position. This study suggests that polar side-chains could be engineered to increase the thermal stability of molecular dopant position.
LATERAL PLATE MORPH VARIATION IN CALIFORNIA POPULATIONS OF THE THREESPINE STICKLEBACK, GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS.

Marine and anadromous populations of Gasterosteus aculeatus tend to be morphologically uniform, whereas freshwater populations inhabit diverse environments and exhibit great morphological variability (Bell, 1976a, 1984; Wootton, 1976). Although several structures of G. aculeatus vary geographically, the lateral plates have been studied most intensively. They are modified scales that are arranged in a single row along either side of the body. Lateral plate variation includes the lateral plate trimorphism (Hagen and Gilbertson, 1972, 1973), and plate number variation within each of the morphs (Bell, 1984). The complete morph has a continuous row of plates running from the nape onto the caudle peduncle, the partial morph has an abdominal plate row separated from a plate row on the caudal peduncle by an unplated area, and the low morph has only abdominal plates. A genetic basis for lateral plate morph variation has been established (Muinzing, 1959; Hagen and Gilbertson, 1973), and the pattern of geographical variation initially was attributed to divergence in glacial refugia and postglacial secondary intergradation (Miinzing, 1963; Miller and Hubbs, 1969). This explanation has been criticized (Hagen and McPhail, 1970; Bell, 1976a), and Hagen and Moodie ( 1982) suggested an alternative model for the global distribution of lateral plate morphs. They showed that in regions with cold winters and extreme annual temperature ranges, the complete morph dominates and the low morph is virtually absent. In regions with relatively warm winters and consequent low annual temperature flux the low morph is monomorphic. All three morphs occur in intermediate climates. Lateral plate morph frequencies vary markedly over short distances among freshwater populations in regions that harbor all three morphs. Although the functional significance of lateral plate morphs is not understood, the complete morph appears to be associated with more rapidly flowing water than the low morph (Hagen, 1967; Bell, 1982). In this paper we describe spatial variation of lateral plate morphs at two scales. We describe the distribution of the plate morphs among coastal drainages throughout most of the length of California, which includes the transition from low morph monomorphism to trimorphism. Within the cooler northern half of the state, where all three morphs occur, we analyze the distribution of the lateral plate morphs in relation to environmental variation.
The Types of Hesperioid Genera. Further Additions and Corrections to the Lindsey List, 1925

In 1925 A. W. Lindsey2 published a catalog of 568 Hesperioid generic names (exclusive of Battus and Frenati , as well as four names listed as clerical errors) with data concerning genotype fixations. The present writer in 19313 added 25 names and called attention to several corrections made necessary by new information. In the decade following this second paper several workers have contributed important revisions of the Hesperiidae of the Indo-Australian and the African regions, and of Argentina on the South American continent. Recent intensive investigations pertaining to the publication dates of early works, especially the dates of Hubner‗s works by Hemming, have changed the standings of some of the earlier names. In the compilation of a new Nomendator Zoologicus (1939), S. A. Neave added a number of early names that do not appear in Scudder's Nomendator Zoologicus (1882). A few of these are names also in use for Hesperioid genera. For the latter Hemming has suggested new names. The status of the older generic names of holarctic butterflies up to 1863 has been reviewed by Hemming.4 A total of 63 new names appears in the present list of additions to Hesperioid genera and their types.
Designing Videos with Pedagogical Strategies: Online Students' Perceptions of Their Effectiveness

Despite the ubiquitous use of videos in online learning and enormous literature on designing online learning, there has been relatively little research on what pedagogical strategies should be used to make the most of video lessons and what constitutes an effective video for student learning. We experimented with a model of incorporating four pedagogical strategies, four instructional phases, and four production guidelines-in designing and developing video lessons for an online graduate course. In this paper, we share our experience as well as students' perceptions of their effectiveness. We also discuss what needs to be done for future research.
Research on cognition and attitude towards suicide among attempted suicides in rural area

Objective To study the cognition and attitude towards suicide and the influencing factors among attempted suicides in rural area.Methods Four hundred and nine cases occurred from Oct.1,2009 to Mar 31,2011 were collected from 6 cites in Shandong Province.Questionnaires about attitude towards suicide were used.Results The suicide attitude data of 386 cases were obtained successfully.The awareness rates on three items of suicide knowledge were 24.7%,59.6% and 52.6%,respectively.The rates were influenced by family income and mental illnesses(P0.05).About 14.5% cases took approving,acceptable or tolerant attitudes towards suicide,51.6% cases took neutral or ambiguity attitudes and 33.9% cases took denial,opposed or discriminatory attitudes,while cases suffering mental illnesses tended to regard suicide as an acceptable or tolerant behavior.The majority of cases(81.3%) agreed that suicide was an important social problem,while cases with mental illnesses tended to disagree.Multinomial Logistic regression model analysis suggested that the attitudes towards suicide were significantly different among cases with different suicide intent.Conclusion The cognitions and attitudes towards suicide vary among attempted suicides with different characteristics and different interventions should be taken.
Protein synthetic activity of membrane-bound and free ribosomes from parathyroid glands of dogs.

1. Membrane-bound and free polyribosomes were isolated from parathyroid glands of normal dogs by a discontinuous density-gradient technique. 2. The conditions necessary for optimum incorporation by bound and free ribosomes of [ 3 H]-phenylalanine into protein were determined for asays in vitro directed by both endogenous messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and polyuridylic acid [poly(U)]. 3. When the specific cofactors were available in optimum amounts, the rate of incorporation of amino acids into protein was directly proportional to the number of ribosomes present. This applied to assays directed by endogenous mRNA and poly-(U). 4. The results indicate that it is possible to isolate and directly study the protein synthetic activity of membrane-bound and free parathyroid ribosomes.
Poincaré-type inequalities

We begin this chapter with the following weak reverse Holder inequality, which is due to C. Nolder [71] and will be used repeatedly later.
Boundary Element Evaluation of ICCP Systems Under Simulated Service Conditions

The cost of repairing damage to marine structures and ships attributed to corrosion have lead to the development of technologies which try to limit the corrosion process. Use of cathodic protection systems take advantage of the electrochemical nature of the corrosion processes and attempt to limit the degree of corrosion which occurs. External sources of electrical current are used in impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) systems. Current is supplied through source anodes and voltage levels are monitored through reference cells. ICCP systems are currently in use on a wide variety of structures.
The Multilateral Trade Negotiations: United States Position

The Tokyo Round, a negotiating mechanism for liberalizing trade within a time-span of eight years, is the sixth large-scale multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) (so named because the agenda for the present series of conferences was agreed upon in that city) is now, with the passage of the Trade Act of 1979 in July, essentially complete (Chase Manhattan Bank, 1979).
Outer membrane protein design

Membrane proteins are the gateway to the cell. These proteins are also a control center of the cell, as information from the outside is passed through membrane proteins as signals to the cellular machinery. The design of membrane proteins seeks to harness the power of these gateways and signal carriers. This review will focus on the design of the membrane proteins that are in the outer membrane, a membrane which only exists for gram negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Unlike other membrane proteins, outer membrane proteins are uniquely shaped as β-barrels. Herein, I describe most known examples of membrane β-barrel design to date, focusing particularly on categorizing designs as: Firstly, structural deconstruction; secondly, structural changes; thirdly, chemical function design; and finally, the creation of new folds.
Design, simulation and financial analysis of a fixed array commercial PV system in the city of Abu Dhabi-UAE

This paper is aimed at preliminary study on designing 1.2MW-Commercial PV system and presenting the system performance and the financial analysis. This system is designed assuming that it will be installed at Abu Dhabi City in the United Arab of Emirates (UAE). To ease the designing process, computer based tools have been utilized. In this designing, a System Advisor Model (SAM) and PVWatts modeling tool are presented to design, predict and analyze Commercial PV systems. The results of this simulation showed the system performance hourly, monthly and annually basis. Based on installation, operating costs, and system design parameters that we specified as inputs, SAM and PVwatt software make the performance predictions and cost of energy estimates for this system.
ONE-DIMENSIONAL INTEGRATION

As the finite element method is based on integral relations, it is logical to expect that one should strive to carry out the integrations as efficiently as possible. In some cases, exact integration is employed. In others, it may be found that the integrals can become too complicated to integrate exactly. In such cases, the use of numerical integration will prove useful or essential. This chapter discusses important topics of local coordinate integration and Gaussian quadratures. They will prove useful when dealing with higher order interpolation functions in complicated element integrals. The chapter also discusses local coordinate Jacobian. The utilization of local element coordinates can greatly reduce the algebra required to establish a set of interpolation functions. Some 2-D elements must be formulated in local coordinates to meet the interelement continuity requirements.
Fruit and nut weight in pecan tree canopies in relation to the severity of pecan scab at different heights

Summary Fusicladium effusum is the cause of pecan scab, the most destructive disease of pecan in the south-eastern USA. The aim of the study was to determine how scab severity at different sample heights in tall trees (14–16 m) affected fruit and nut weight at those same heights. Three experiments were performed in 2010-2011 on trees of scab-susceptible cultivars (cvs. Desirable and Wichita) and either received fungicide using an air-blast sprayer or were non-treated controls. Samples for measures of fruit and nut weight were taken at 0–5.0, 5.0+–7.5, 7.5+–10.0, 10.0+–12.5 and 12.5+–15.0 m (and were assessed for scab severity). A general linear mixed model analysis showed main effects of sample height, fungicide treatment and sample height × fungicide treatment interactions in all experiments on fruit and nut weight and on disease severity. Control trees had significantly more severe disease on fruit lower in the canopy, while fungicide-treated trees either had similar disease severity at all heights or slightly more severe disease in the upper canopy. On control trees, where there was a linear relationships between fruit or nut weight and sample height, it was invariably positive (R2= .85–.94). On fungicide-treated trees, fruit or nut weight most often had a negative linear relationship with sample height (R2=.69–.89). When significant, in control and treated trees, there was invariably a negative linear relationship between fruit or nut weight and scab severity (R2=.66–.94). Gradients in fungicide coverage and scab severity impact fruit and nut weights that can have ramifications on yield for a tree as a whole. Understanding the distribution of scab in pecan and other tall tree canopies provides a basis for developing management strategies and fungicide application methods to uniformly minimize disease.
Association of IgG4 response and autoimmune pancreatitis with intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms

Abstract Objectives Concurrent intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) was observed in a patient (index case) at our institution. Cases of coincidental IPMN and type 1 AIP and concurrent ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and AIP have been previously reported. In this study we evaluate the hypothesis that IPMN elicits an IgG4 response. Methods Twenty-one pancreases (including the index case) with IPMN resected at our institution were studied. H&E stained slides were reviewed and blocks of peritumoral pancreas were immunostained with IgG4 to look for IgG4-positive plasma cells. Results We found evidence of variable IgG4 overexpression in 4/21 (19%) of IPMN. These included the index case and three others without stigmata of AIP. Conclusion A small subset of pancreatic neoplasms including intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) is associated with an IgG4 autoimmune response that sometimes progresses to peritumoral type 1 AIP and less often to diffuse AIP and IgG4-related systemic disease.
Chronic hypertension increases aortic endothelial hydraulic conductivity by upregulating endothelial aquaporin-1 expression

The aortic endothelia of two high-renin hypertensive rat models express greater than two times the aquaporin-1 and, at low pressures, have greater than two times the endothelial hydraulic conductiv...
Management And Training Programs Of Military Drone Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems

The present study investigated the operational readiness of Army unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) training programs. Small unmanned aircraft systems (SUAS), unlike larger UAS, are not managed by the...
Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) enhances chemotherapeutic effect of 5-FU

4983 AHCC is a mixture of polysaccharides, amino acids, lipids and minerals derived from cocultured mycelia of several species of Basidiomycete mushrooms. AHCC has been implicated to modulate immune functions and plays a protective role against infection and tumor growth. It has been used quite broadly in Japan for helping to reduce the side effect of chemotherapy. However, the molecular mechanisms are less understood. To establish the effect of AHCC on 5-FU-mediated chemotherapeutic effect, female C57BL/6 mice were divided into 4 groups (10 per each group): mice were orally given water or AHCC for 2 weeks with gavage (A and B with water), and C and D with AHCC at 60 mg/ml, 200 microlittle/mouse). B16 melanoma cells were inoculated (2 x 106 cells/mouse) and at day 7 when visible tumor was observed, group B and D were treated with 5-FU (80 mpk, i.p.) for 3 times (day 7, 10 and 13). AHCC treatment significantly delayed tumor growth, and enhanced 5-FU therapeutic effect, with 70% tumor completely went for remission in group D. Moreover, AHCC significantly increaded survival rate of 5-FU treated mice, with survival rate of 20% in group B vs 80% survival rate in group D. AHCC treatment significantly increased the number of NK and gd T cells from 5-FU-treated mice, indicating a potential effect of AHCC on counter balancing 5-FU-induced suppression of innate immune responses.
Mechanism of Adeno-Associated Virus Latent Infection

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a defective parvovirus with a linear, single-stranded DNA genome. In the absence of a helper virus coinfection AAV DNA is uncoated in the nucleus and can integrate into the cellular DNA. The integrated DNA exists as a head-to-tail tandem repeat and the junctions with cellular DNA specifically involve the terminal repetition of the virion genome. The latent viral genome is efficiently rescued by superinfection of the latently infected cells by a helper virus. Recently, the AAV genome has been cloned intact into pBR322. Upon transfection of the recombinant plasmid into human cells in the presence of a concomitant adenovirus helper infection the AAV genome is rescued, replicated, and infectious virus is produced. This system has allowed detailed study of the rescue process. To date the primary conclusions derived are that the terminal repetition is essential to the rescue process and that the symmetrical nature of the terminal repetition affords remarkable capabilities of self repair in the subsequent process of replication after the rescue is effected.
Lipids: LPA activates TRPV1—and it hurts

Lysophosphatidic acid, a lipid mediator, second messenger and intermediate in lipid biosynthesis, finds a new intracellular target in TRPV1. This nonselective cation channel is also targeted by the analgesic capsaicin, which acts to desensitize the channel.
Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy

Cognitive rehabilitation therapy has been defined as a systematic and functionally oriented therapeutic cognitive activity directed to achieve functional changes by (1) reestablishing or strengthening previously learned patterns of behavior or (2) establishing new patterns of cognitive activity or compensatory mechanisms for impaired neurological systems.
3D Echocardiography to Evaluate Right Atrial Pressure in Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure: Correlation With Invasive Hemodynamics

Objectives This study examined the utility of 3-dimensional right atrial volume index (3D-RAVi), combined with 2-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) parameters, for the identification of elevated right atrial pressure (RAP) in patients with heart failure. Background Accurate noninvasive determination of RAP is clinically important for the management of patients with heart failure. Although 2DE methods have been used to noninvasively estimate RAP, the accuracy of these parameters has limitations when estimating RAP in an individual patient. Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) provides tomographic imaging of right atrial volume that may be helpful in refining the noninvasive assessment of hemodynamics in patients with heart failure. Methods 2DE and 3DE studies were examined in 40 initial patients who were admitted for acutely decompensated heart failure. Simultaneous pulmonary artery catheter monitoring was performed. The relationship between echocardiographic parameters and RAP was examined in this derivation group. The findings from the derivation group were then prospectively tested in a validation group of 40 additional patients. Results Mean RAP was 11 ± 5 mm Hg (range 2 to 22 mm Hg). 3D-RAVi correlated with RAP (r = 0.51, p 10 mm Hg. The value of 3D-RAVi ≥35 ml/m2, combined with IVC measures, for predicting RAP >10 mm Hg was prospectively tested in the validation group. 3D-RAVi ≥35 ml/m2 in combination with IVC ≥2 cm had a high accuracy (88%) for identifying RAP >10 mm Hg and had a higher accuracy than the combination of IVC ≥2 cm and IVC collapse Conclusions In patients with heart failure, 3D-RAVi in conjunction with IVC parameters has a high accuracy for detection of elevated RAP. The addition of 3D-RAVi to 2DE methods may be helpful in the noninvasive estimation of right atrial pressure.
Molecular mechanisms of K+ channel blockade: 4-aminopyridine interaction with a cloned cardiac transient K+ (Kv1.4) channel.

We studied the blocking effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on a Kvl.4 K+ channel. A permanently charged 4-AP derivative only produced block when applied intracellularly. 4-AP block accumulated from pulse to pulse indicating trapping of 4-AP in deactivated channels. For long trains of depolarizing pulses, 4-AP block increased with decreasing pulse duration. This increase took many pulses (>10) to accumulate and was relieved by two to three subsequent pulses of 500 msec duration. We conclude that the time-and voltage-dependence of 4-AP block can not be accounted for solely by either simple pure open channel or pure closed channel blocking schemes. We propose that the data can be explained by a model in which 4-AP binding is most stable when the channel has a symmetric arrangement in the binding regions.
Electrooptical Properties of Polymer–Liquid Crystal Mixtures

In the search for novel electronic display technology, various liquid crystal optical materials and devices have been developed for use in flat panel displays.1–3 The first generation liquid crystal device, which is much thinner and lighter and consumes less power than a conventional cathode-ray tube, was a twisted nematic (TN) cell. The TN device and its modified versions such as a supertwisted nematic liquid crystal (STN) have been utilized in hand-carried computer monitors. TN and STN devices have been customarily fabricated through tangential alignment of low molar mass liquid crystals (LC) on transparent conductive glass substrates by rubbing in one direction. The anchoring angle of the nematic directors may vary depending on the surface modification of the substrates. For instance, polyimide-coated substrates generally give a planar alignment whereas a silicate-treated surface yields a homeotropic alignment of the nematic directors. The two glass plates are then placed on each other such that the orientation of the LCs remains parallel, and subsequently the top plate is twisted to the orthogonal (90 ° for TN cells or 270 ° for STN cells) direction. The tangentially aligned liquid crystals in the TN cell change their orientation in a helical form from the bottom to the top plates, as depicted in Figure 1. In the absence of an external electric field, the device appears opaque as the polarized light cannot pass through the TN cell. When a modest electric voltage is applied across the TN cell, the LC directors in the bulk orient towards the direction of the applied electric field, viz. normal to the glass substrates, thereby allowing incident light to transmit through the cell. Hence, the TN cells can be switched electrically between the transparent and the opaque states.
X-Ray Stress Measurement of Structural Ceramics

This paper describes the application of a unique x-ray diffraction stress instrument to the measurement of residual stresses in three structural ceramic components.
Using Machine Learning Approach to Evaluate the PM2.5 Concentrations in China from 1998 to 2016

Pollution is one of the main negative outcomes for rapid economic growth without sustainable development in China. Different types of pollutions are harming people's health and the impacts of pollution on environment and people's health could last for decades. Fine particulate matter(PM2.5), which is one of most common types of air pollutions in China, could penetrate and sediment in human's respiratory system and cause different kind of respiratory diseases. Research has shown the strong association between Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and PM2.5. For this reason, remote sensing imagery could be used to estimate the level of PM2.5 concentration near ground. With utilizing PM2.5 dataset estimated by Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) and machine learning approach, this paper is aimed to provide spatiotemporal comparison of PM2.5 concentrations in China. Result from this analysis could help people to better understand the recent history and current status of PM2.5 pollution in China.
Assessing Component Machinability Using Voxelized Solid Models

New automated approaches in design often generate nonmanufacturable component geometries. Improved machinability of topology optimized parts, for example, has been under exploration for over a decade with limited success. Recent work is pursuing novel design approaches enabled by developments in voxel-based representation and advanced process technologies. Research reported here suggests a featureless approach for analyzing the machinability of a given geometry using voxels. The input is a tessellated shape, which is converted into a voxel representation. The voxelized shape is then filled in the orthogonal toolpath directions defined by the minimum bounding box to approximate the reach of the cutting tool in each part orientation. The filled shapes are intersected with each other to achieve a solid representation that can be readily accessed by a cutting tool. Overlaying this solid shape against the original tessellated shape will highlight the non-machinable regions of the part when visualized. The volume of non-machinable material can be estimated and used to inform a larger search process for separating and adding part features together to improve component manufacturability.Copyright © 2018 by ASME
Balance Sense: Response Motifs that Pervade the Brain.

Summary Measuring how the brain encodes and processes an animal’s own motion presents major technical challenges. New approaches demonstrate the viability and merit of measuring vestibular responses throughout the entire brain.
Accessing Homeownership With Credit Constraints

The tightening of mortgage credit in the aftermath of the global financial crisis has been identified as a factor in the decline of homeownership in the United States to 50-year lows. In this artic...
Incentive D2D Off-Loading Scheme for Energy Efficiency in the Next-Generation Mobile Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a promising technology to improve energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency of the next-generation mobile networks. In this paper, we propose a D2D data off-loading scheme using game theoretical approach to reduce energy consumption for a wireless mobile network service provider. In the meantime, our proposed scheme provides a fair incentive mechanism to motivate D2D relay users for participation. The D2D scenario studied in this work focuses on downlink communications from the service provider to some users who request the same service, e.g., live streaming of a sports game. As an incentive, the service provider rewards some data usage to D2D relay users. In particular, we formulate a Stackelberg game to find the optimal portion of off-loading data for the relay users and the optimal incentive mechanism settings for the base station. With the proposed D2D off-loading scheme, a base station can maximize the energy saving while providing the most attraction to D2D relay users. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme will enhance the network energy efficiency and be attractive to D2D relay users.
The Hybridizable Discontinuous Galerkin Method

In this section, we show how the spaces of RT and BDM can be balanced to have an equal polynomial degree. Stability will be restored using a discrete stabilization (not penalization) function. This is how local quantities of RT, BDM, and HDG methods compare. Note that there is no natural finite element structure for \({\mathbf {q}}_h\), where we can recognize boundary and internal degrees of freedom. Instead, we will have a projection that integrates \(({\mathbf {q}}_h, u_h)\) into the same structure.
Primary Carcinoma of the Duodenum

Summary A case of primary carcinoma of the second portion of the duodenum is presented. There was a clinical course of 2 years before the severity of symptoms led to laparotomy and pathologic diagnosis. Primary carcinoma of the duodenum occurs uncommonly but should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Its clinical and roentgenologic features are briefly discussed.
Entre España y América: hacia una clasificación de cuentecillos indianos (con algunos ejemplos)

Este trabajo ofrece un primer esbozo del panorama en torno a los cuentecillos de tema indiano o incluidos en textos que aluden a America, recoge una muestra ilustrativa y presenta las dificultades que entranan su estudio y su clasificacion. Si bien se aboga por recoger todo cuentecillo que se refiera a las Indias, aunque se verifique su origen diverso, se identifica la existencia de un tipo de cuentecillo que parece ser el indiano stricto sensu: el del soldado de la hueste, que se puede mostrar tanto devoto cristiano como tirano cruel.
Failure to Prevent Severe Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide in Chronic Granulomatous Disease.

Haploidentical related donor (HRD) transplantation was performed in 7 recipients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) who had no matched-related or unrelated donor. Peripheral blood cell (PBC) products were used with a conditioning regimen consisting of low-dose cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, total body irradiation, and busulfan. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of high-dose post-transplant cyclophosphamide and sirolimus. Recipients were ages 14–26 years, and 3 had severe infections active at transplant. All 7 recipients achieved full engraftment with complete donor chimerism early in the post-transplant period. Acute GVHD occurred in all cases and was grade 3 or steroid refractory in 3. Two patients with steroid-refractory GVHD died. Three patients with severe infectious complications active at transplant, 1 Nocardia pneumonia and 2 extensive invasive fungal infections), survived and were cured of their infection at last follow-up. Bacterial disease occurred post-transplant in all recipients, and viral infections/reactivation were common, including 4 cases of BK virus–associated hemorrhagic cystitis. Seven patients with CGD achieved rapid and full-donor engraftment from HRDs utilizing PBCs and a conditioning regimen with PTCy and sirolimus GVHD prophylaxis. However, the incidence of grade 3 and steroid-refractory GVHD was high and led to 2 deaths. Patients with active infections at transplant had successful transplant courses and were cured of their disease. Although there was an initial success with this regimen, the cumulative experience does not support its use in CGD due to an unacceptable rate of severe GVHD.
Efficacy and patient satisfaction of single-session transoral incisionless fundoplication and laparoscopic hernia repair.

Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) is an effective endoscopic treatment for refractory GERD with small or absent hiatal hernia (< 2 cm in length and width). The single-session laparoscopic hernia repair followed by transoral incisionless fundoplication (HH + TIF) aims to repair mechanical defects in the lower esophageal sphincter that leads to GERD in patients with hiatal hernias ≥ 2 cm. The procedure effectively treats GERD without causing added post-surgical dysphagia and gas bloating commonly associated with partial laparoscopic fundoplication. We aimed to assess patient satisfaction, symptom resolution, safety, and proton pump inhibitor use following the HH + TIF procedure. Thirty-three patients underwent single-session laparoscopic hernia repair with intraoperative TIF using the EsophyX Z device (EndoGastric Solutions, Inc.) between June 2015 and June 2018. The presence of GERD and normal esophageal motility were confirmed with pH testing and manometry prior to the procedure. Data were collected on pre- and post-procedure symptoms, patient satisfaction, PPI use, and complications. Median post-procedure follow-up with symptom surveys was 9 months (11–29 months). Patients reported significant decreases in common GERD symptoms including heartburn, regurgitation, cough, and hoarse voice. Eighty-one percent (27/33) of patients were off daily PPIs. Ninety-four percent (31/33) of patients reported 75% or greater satisfaction with the procedure and outcomes. One patient had a superficial mucosal laceration after the procedure, likely due to vomiting, which was treated conservatively. The majority of patients reported 75% or greater satisfaction with the procedure and had an improvement in GERD symptoms as well as decreased PPI use. There were no serious adverse events.
Laboratory findings in hematology, clinical chemistry, and urinalysis for patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Laboratory diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) often begins with routine laboratory tests; a complete blood count (CBC), clinical chemistry panel, and urinalysis. The classical findings may include anemia with schistocytes, thrombocytopenia, reticulocytosis or polychromasia, bilirubinemia, dark urine, and hemoglobinuria without red blood cells in the sediment. Additional findings including decreased haptoglobin can identify fragmentation as the cause for the hemolysis. The hemolysis in TTP arises from increased shear stress on red blood cells in arterioles and capillaries narrowed by microthrombi. Hemoglobinemia and schistocytes may generate spurious results in hematology analyzers that require correction before results can be released to the patient chart.
Understanding and Tracing Accountability in the Public Procurement Process: Interpretations, Performance Measurements, and the Possibility of Developing Public-Private Partnerships

How do public procurement specialists define accountability? Are public-private partnerships possible in public procurement? Is there an accountability nexus between public-private partnerships and public procurement? Using data collected from semistructured interviews, it is determined that public-private partnerships in public procurement are possible only under rigid constraints. Findings suggest that there are two decision-making patterns—the broker and the purist—correlated with length of employment by the same organization and the political context of the agency. Understanding accountability within public procurement requires consideration of a complex decision-making process at the individual and organizational levels and also of the political environment, because public procurement is not immune to politics.
Intra-Operative Abdominal Drain Placement for Gallbladder Cancer Surgery and Risk of Infectious Complications.

Background: Routine intra-operative abdominal drain placement (IADP) is not beneficial for uncomplicated cholecystectomies though outcomes in gallbladder cancer surgery is unclear. This retrospecti...
Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of temporal patterning in neural progenitors.

Abstract During development, neural progenitors undergo temporal patterning as they age to sequentially generate differently fated progeny. Temporal patterning of neural progenitors is relatively well-studied in Drosophila. Temporal cascades of transcription factors or opposing temporal gradients of RNA-binding proteins are expressed in neural progenitors as they age to control the fates of the progeny. The temporal progression is mostly driven by intrinsic mechanisms including cross-regulations between temporal genes, but environmental cues also play important roles in certain transitions. Vertebrate neural progenitors demonstrate greater plasticity in response to extrinsic cues. Recent studies suggest that vertebrate neural progenitors are also temporally patterned by a combination of transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms in response to extracellular signaling to regulate neural fate specification. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of temporal patterning of neural progenitors in Drosophila and vertebrates. We also discuss the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms, specifically the Polycomb group complexes and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes, in the temporal patterning of neural progenitors.
Feasibility and acceptability of using a meditation app in adults with rheumatic disease.

OBJECTIVE Meditation is a stress-reduction and contemplative technique that can improve emotional distress in people with chronic disease and may be especially beneficial for patients with rheumatic diseases. However, patient access to in-person programs is challenging. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility/acceptability associated with physician-directed use of a widely available smartphone application (app), Calm©. METHODS In this single-arm, pre-post intervention study with recruitment over a 10-month period, adults with rheumatic disease were asked to use the app for ≥5 min/day for 30 days. Participants completed sociodemographic surveys and validated health related quality of life (HRQL) questionnaires from the Patient Reported Outcomes Information System (PROMIS) and NIH Toolbox at baseline and 30-days. RESULTS Thirty-five participants who were mostly well-educated (66% ≥college degree) females (91%) with a mean age of 50 (SD 13) completed baseline questionnaires; 18 participants completed post-study questionnaires ("full completers"). Full completers had higher baseline stress, anxiety, pain, and patient global assessment scores (p's <0.05) compared to partial completers. Full completers who provided data used the app on average for 283 min/30 days (SD 257; n = 16) and showed significant improvements in fatigue (-7.6 T-Score units, p = 0.017), with trends for improvement in perceived stress, anxiety, sleep disturbance, self-efficacy for managing symptoms, and pain intensity (p's <0.15). CONCLUSIONS A 30-day meditation, stress-reduction app used by patients with rheumatic disease revealed that this is a feasible non-pharmacologic modality to target HRQL and problematic symptoms like fatigue. More rigorous study on app use and potential effect is needed.
Newton-like methods in partially ordered Banach spaces

We provide convergence results and error estimates for Newton-like methods in generalized Banach spaces. The idea of a generalized norm is used whichis defined to be a map from a linear space into a partially ordered Banach space. Convergence results and error estimates are improved compared with the real norm theory.
Students with Disabilities in Practicum: What Is Reasonable Accommodation?.

An exploratory study was conducted to inquire into the field placement process for students with disabilities. Fourteen students with disabilities and twelve field directors were interviewed. Findings were grouped into seven areas: (1) field education expectations, (2) special and general considerations for placement, (3) agencies’ response to requests for placement, (4) schools’ response to agencies, (5) students’ response to placement, (6) factors promoting acceptance of students in the field, and (7) reasonable accommodation. Results indicate that there were biases, considerations, and accommodations made by schools and agencies that interfered with students’ educational needs. In addition, respondents’ definitions of reasonable accommodation varied, yet maintained some common elements.
Antimicrobial formulary management: a case study in a teaching hospital.

The role of the formulary system for effective cost containment is becoming increasingly important. With antimicrobial agents taking up a large proportion of most pharmaceutical budgets, this group of agents is an obvious target for cost reduction. The responsible interchange of selected antimicrobial agents offers a promising method to achieve this goal. The Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee at Henry Ford Hospital implemented the formulary replacement of cefoxitin with cefotetan on a cost basis after the agents were evaluated and considered to be therapeutically equivalent. Drug usage guidelines were developed to implement this change. Educational materials were distributed to the medical staff, and lectures on the appropriate use of cefotetan were given to the house staff. On implementation, all orders written for cefoxitin were automatically changed to cefotetan in the appropriate dosage. After the first 12 months of cefotetan usage no unanticipated problems with treatment failures or adverse effects were noted. Based on analysis of cefotetan use for the first year, a savings of $229,811 was achieved with this interchange. (Pharmacotherapy 1991;11(1 Pt 2):27S-31S)
Biotin-labeled hairpin oligonucleotides: probes to detect double-strand breaks in DNA in apoptotic cells

Hairpin oligonucleotides were synthesized with stems ending in a double-stranded structure, which can be ligated to double-strand breaks in DNA, and with loops that contain nucleotides modified by the attachment of biotin. These probes specifically and sensitively detect double-strand breaks in apoptotic cells. Localization of these probes is restricted to areas of chromatin characteristic of apoptosis, whereas much more diffuse labeling was obtained when all available 3' DNA ends were labeled by terminal transferase. In principle, hairpin oligonucleotide probes can be designed with any type of 3' or 5' overhang complementary to double-strand DNA termini being detected.
Glossary of Higher Education Corruption with Explanations.

Higher education corruption is an emerging sub-field of research that has yet to develop its terminological apparatus and own specific research methodologies. The interdisciplinary nature of this sub-field predetermines its dependency on other well-established fields, such as microeconomics, organizational theory, political economy, education policy, and sociology. Accordingly, most of the terminology of higher education corruption is not unique fundamentally but derived from terminologies of social sciences. A specific professional language is required to communicate major issues in the field of study that may be formulated as higher education corruption. This Glossary presents terminology used in research and discussion of higher education corruption. It contains 155 terms and offers brief definitions and explanations of the terms. Most of the terms presented in this Glossary are not operational, i.e. they are often not very formal but useful in describing the phenomenon of corruption. They carry an explanatory function rather than function of operationalization. Operationalization is the process of strictly defining variables into measurable factors. Operationalization of higher education corruption anticipates development of a set of special terms that not only describe but put them into clearly defined measurable variables ready for quantitative analysis. This terminology does not rely on any particular conceptual approach to higher education corruption. Nor does it refer to any particular country or national educational system. Different terms apply better to different national educational systems, since the systems differ significantly and so do forms of corruption that may be found in these systems. All of the terms, presented in this Glossary, refer to corruption higher education even if not mentioned so specifically. This Glossary does not offer any references, nor does it offer further readings on the topic of corruption. Finally, this Glossary may be updated periodically, new terms may be added and descriptions of terms extended.
Plato's Cosmology and its Ethical Dimensions

Although a great deal has been written on Plato's ethics, his cosmology has not received so much attention in recent times and its importance for his ethical thought has remained underexplored. By offering accounts of Timaeus, Philebus, Politicus and Laws X, the book reveals a strongly symbiotic relation between the cosmic and human sphere. It is argued that in his late period Plato presents a picture of an organic universe, endowed with structure and intrinsic value, which both urges our respect and calls for our responsible intervention. Humans are thus seen as citizens of a university that can provide a context for their flourishing even in the absence of good political institutions. The book sheds light on many intricate metaphysical issues in late Plato and brings out the close connections between his cosmology and the development of his ethics.