cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Atypical presentation of Legionella pneumonia among patients with underlying cancer: A fifteen-year review.

Summary Background Immunocompromised patients, especially those receiving treatment with corticosteroids and cytotoxic chemotherapy are at increased risk for developing Legionella pneumonia. Objective The aim of this study was to determine clinical and radiographic characteristics of pulmonary infection due to Legionella in persons undergoing treatment for cancer and stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. Methods Retrospective review of Legionella cases at MSKCC over a fifteen-year study period from January 1999 and December 2013. Cases were identified by review of microbiology records. Results During the study period, 40 cases of Legionella infection were identified; nine among these were due to non-pneumophila species. Most cases occurred during the summer. The majority [8/9, (89%)] of patients with non- pneumophila infection had underlying hematologic malignancy, compared to 18/31 (58%) with Legionella pneumophila infections. Radiographic findings were varied-nodular infiltrates mimicking invasive fungal infection were seen only among patients with hematologic malignancy and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients and were frequently associated with non- pneumophila infections (50% vs 16%; P = 0.0594). All cases of nodular Legionella pneumonia were found incidentally or had an indolent clinical course. Conclusions Legionella should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nodular lung lesions in immunocompromised patients, especially those with hematologic malignancy and SCT recipients. Most cases of nodular disease due to Legionella are associated with non- pneumophila infections.
Genetic variation in the cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)—I. Esterase and water-soluble protein polymorphism

Abstract 1. 1. Variation in esterase and water-soluble proteins was investigated in the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne , by acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. 2. 2. Three distinct water-soluble protein and esterase phenotypes were observed, resulting from the expression of one and two gene loci, respectively. 3. 3. Esterase isozymes were characterized utilizing eserine sulfate, DFP and sulfhydryl-group inhibitors.
Masses and radii for thirteen chromospherically active ellipsoidal variables

The amplitude of the ellipticity effect, the mass function, and the V sin i in ten long-period RS CVn SB1 binaries are used to compute limits on the masses of the two stars and the radius of the primary: zeta And, UV CrB, V1764 Cyg, V826 Her, V350 Lac, GX Lib, V1197 Ori, AP Psc, 33 Psc, and EE UMa. Explicit masses and radii are computed for three SB2 systems: BL CVn, V1817 Cyg, and TZ Tri. The primary in several is found to fill 95 percent or more of its Roche lobe. The two minima produced by the ellipticity effect are unequal in depth, with the effect largest when i is near 90 deg and the primary nearly fills its Roche lobe. The greatest inequality found, in UV CrB, was 0.08 mag.
Magnetic domains in magnetostrictive Fe–Ga alloys

Lorentz microscopy was applied to the observation of magnetic domains in iron-gallium (Fe–Ga) alloys. Results did not show any link between the magnetic domains and the magnetostriction enhancement by Ga addition, but did reveal that the drastic decrease in magnetostriction for Fe–31.2 at. % Ga was due to the presence of large scale precipitates. Magnetic domain features did not change in the alloys of A2, D03, A2+D03, A2+B2+D03, and A2+fine scale precipitates. Large scale precipitates within the slow-cooled Fe–31.2 at. % Ga affected both the distribution and wall motion of magnetic domains.
Identification of Unique MEK-Dependent Genes in GNAQ Mutant Uveal Melanoma Involved in Cell Growth, Tumor Cell Invasion, and MEK Resistance

Purpose: Metastatic uveal melanoma represents the most common intraocular malignancy with very poor prognosis and no effective treatments. Oncogenic mutations in the G-protein α-subunit q and 11 have been described in about 85% of uveal melanomas and confer constitutive activation. Multiple signaling pathways are induced as a consequence of GNAQ/11 activation, which include the MEK/ERK kinase cascade. We analyzed the transcriptional profile of cell lines treated with a mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal–regulated (ERK) kinase (MEK) inhibitor to identify gene targets of activated GNAQ and to evaluate the biologic importance of these genes in uveal melanoma. Experimental Design: We conducted microarray analysis of uveal melanoma cell lines with GNAQ mutations treated with the MEK inhibitor selumetinib. For comparison, we used cells carrying BRAF V600E and cells without either mutation. Changes in the expression of selected genes were then confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunoblotting. Results: We found that GNAQ mutant cells have a MEK-dependent transcriptional output and identified a unique set of genes that are downregulated by MEK inhibition, including the RNA helicase DDX21 and the cyclin-dependent kinase regulator CDK5R1 whereas Jun was induced. We provide evidence that these genes are involved in cell proliferation, tumor cell invasion, and drug resistance, respectively. Furthermore, we show that selumetinib treatment regulates the expression of these genes in tumor tissues of patients with metastatic GNAQ/11 mutant uveal melanoma. Conclusions: Our findings define a subset of transcriptionally regulated genes by selumetinib in GNAQ mutant cells and provide new insights into understanding the biologic effect of MEK inhibition in this disease. Clin Cancer Res; 18(13); 3552–61. ©2012 AACR .
The effects of increasing nucleophilicity on transmembrane efflux

Abstract Increasing the free base concentration of the tertiary analogs of choline by serially decreasing the hydrogen ion concentration of solvent over a pH range of 7·3–9·3 has shown that the free-base form of these analogs is capable of accelerating 86 Rb efflux of metabolically inhibited frog sartorius muscle. Control studies indicate membrane changes above pH 8·3. Dissociation energies do not confirm binding of effective substrates to tissue components.
A variational theory of nuclear matter

Abstract The pair-correlation operator fij in the variational wave function of nuclear matter is generated from a two-body Schrcdinger equation with boundary conditions which require the correlated wave function to heal at a distance d. The two-body cluster energy is calculated exactly, while the fij is approximated by a sum of central, spin, isospin and tensor correlation operators to evaluate the many-body cluster contributions (MBCC). The distribution functions that represent the MBCC are expanded in powers of the non-central correlations. The zeroth order term in this expansion represents a sum of all MBCC with central correlations, and is evaluated by the Fermi hypernetted chain equations. The first order terms are identically zero, while all the second order terms are calculated. When the range of correlations d is about 2r0 the expansion appears to converge, and is used to obtain upper bounds to the nuclear matter energy with various potentials. The upper bounds are much lower than energies suggested by earlier calculations; for example the Reid soft core potential gives E(kF = 1.7 fm−1)
SECuring the perimeter

Exquisitely regulated trafficking and fusion of vesicles is crucial for proper cell function. The molecules that regulate vesicle fusion are highly conserved among eukaryotes, but they have also undergone expansion and specialization within single genomes. With diversity comes the potential for functions in unique cell processes, and recent work in Arabidopsis reveals how a member of the SEC1 family, KEULE, functions in plant cell cytokinesis.
Crack Propagation in Rolling Line Contacts

The stress intensity factors for short straight and branched subsurface cracks subjected lo a Hertzian loading are calculated by the finite element method. The effect of crack face friction on stress intensity factors is considered for both straight and branched cracks. The calculations show that the straight crack is subjected to pure mode II loading, whereas the branched crack is subjected to both mode I and mode II, with ΔK I /ΔK II <0.25
Extracting Dynamic Information From Whole-Building Energy Models

Whole-building energy models are used in practice to predict energy and comfort for an entire building given its architectural and built state, external stimuli from weather, and internal behavior of both the equipment and occupants of the building. There exists both open source and commercial software for simulating such cases for an entire year at sub-hourly reporting intervals. Unfortunately, the dynamics of the building are masked in assumptions included in the numerical routines that are often intertwined within the thermal physics. Because of this, control-oriented analysis is limited to performing exhaustive time-based simulations. In this paper, we describe a method to analytically extract the dynamics from a whole-building energy simulator for the purpose of control and dynamical systems analysis. In this way, the function of the energy simulator is only a user interface and a means to organize information inherent in the dynamics (capacitances, interaction between elements of the building, etc.). We provide a test case on a medium office building and illustrate some of its control-oriented dynamic properties using EnergyPlus as the simulator.Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Nanogels as a Basis for Network Construction

Summary Reactive nanogels with diverse chemical and physical compositions were synthesized using solution free radical polymerization. Conventional monomer resins show a reduction in polymerization shrinkage and stress as well as improved bond strength when nanogels are used as a filler. Nanogels dispersed in inert solvent at appropriate concentrations form macroscopic networks with chemical compositions that are not directly available from the starting monomers.
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in patients 70 years of age or older: factors associated with survival

The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) has increased dramatically especially in persons over 60 years of age. We reviewed our experience in patients with NHL who were 70 years of age or older and seen between 1992 and 1998 in an effort to find any unique risk factors in this age group. There were 64 patients. Twenty-five had indolent disease and 38 had aggressive disease. The majority of patients with indolent lymphoma presented with nodal disease and were more likely to have bone marrow involvement. In contrast, 71% of patients with aggressive lymphoma presented with extra-nodal disease. Five of seven (71%) patients with indolent and 22 of 29 (76%) with aggressive NHL who received an Adriamycin containing regimen as first line therapy achieved a complete response. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) was a strong predictor of both survival (P<001) and response (P=007) for the group as a whole. The IPI accurately predicted the survival of patients with aggressive NHL (P=026). This was not the case with indolent lymphomas. This study suggests that elderly patients with NHL are more likely to have aggressive disease, a diffuse pathology and an extra-nodal presentation.
Reduced cholesterol efflux to mildly oxidized high density lipoprotein.

Abstract Mild oxidation ( 12h), diminished efflux of cell cholesterol was apparant for HDL samples without increased electrophoretic mobility or altered apolipoproteins. Thus, reduced cholesterol efflux to mildly oxidized HDL may reflect changes in its lipids rather than its apoproteins. By limiting cholesterol removal from cells, any mild oxidation of HDL which might occur in vivo could contribute to cellular cholesterol accumulation.
Compartmental Distribution of Organochlorine Contaminants in the Niagara River and the Western Basin of Lake Ontario

Abstract Ten chlorobenzenes, hexachlorobutadiene, and PCBs were measured in Niagara River water and suspended solids, and in western Lake Ontario sediments and benthic fauna. High levels of these contaminants were found on all fractions of the river suspended solids, but the larger particles contained much higher concentrations than the smaller particles. A portion of the CBs, HCBD, and PCBs present in the lake sediments was available to benthic organisms. A trend toward greater bioaccumulation for compounds having higher octanol-water partition coefficients was observed at all trophic levels.
Sweet taste liking is associated with impulsive behaviors in humans

Evidence from both human and animal studies suggests that sensitivity to rewarding stimuli is positively associated with impulsive behaviors, including both impulsive decision making and inhibitory control. The current study examined associations between the hedonic value of a sweet taste and two forms of impulsivity (impulsive choice and impulsive action) in healthy young adults (N = 100). Participants completed a sweet taste test in which they rated their liking of various sweetness concentrations. Subjects also completed measures of impulsive choice (delay discounting), and impulsive action (go/no-go task). Subjects who discounted more steeply (i.e., greater impulsive choice) liked the high sweetness concentration solutions more. By contrast, sweet liking was not related to impulsive action. These findings indicate that impulsive choice may be associated with heightened sensitivity to the hedonic value of a rewarding stimulus, and that these constructs might share common underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
Myxoma of the mandible: Resection and immediate reconstruction

Abstract A case of myxoma of the mandible in a 15-year-old girl is described. It is illustrative of the usual insidious course taken by a myxoma of the jaw. Hemimandibulectomy with simultaneous iliac crest bone grafting was performed with satisfactory results.
Enhanced superconducting properties in Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 1/Cu/sub 2/O/sub y/ by thermal and mechanical processing

The effect of processing on transition temperature, grain boundary coupling, and flux pinning has been examined for Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 1/Cu/sub 2/O/sub y/. Enhancement of critical temperature based on composition can be achieved by control of crystallization and subsequent annealing processes while thermomechanical processing may be used to modify weak link and flux pinning behavior. The microstructural basis for these changes is related to the composition of the superconducting phase and the presence of defects associated with deformation processing. The implications of these results for conductor development are related to the selection of alloy composition for optimum transition temperature and controlled thermomechanical processing which yields a uniform defect structure. >
General and nested Wiberg minimization

Wiberg matrix factorization breaks a matrix Y into low-rank factors U and V by solving for V in closed form given U, linearizing V (U) about U, and iteratively minimizing ‖Y-UV (U)‖ 2 with respect to U only. This approach factors the matrix while effectively removing V from the minimization. Recently Eriksson and van den Hengel extended this approach to L 1 , minimizing ‖Y-UV (U)‖ 1 . We generalize their approach beyond factorization to minimize an arbitrary function that is nonlinear in each of two sets of variables. We demonstrate the idea with a practical Wiberg algorithm for L 1 bundle adjustment. We also show that one Wiberg minimization can be nested inside another, effectively removing two of three sets of variables from a minimization. We demonstrate this idea with a nested Wiberg algorithm for L 1 projective bundle adjustment, solving for camera matrices, points, and projective depths. We also revisit L 1 factorization, giving a greatly simplified presentation of Wiberg L 1 factorization, and presenting a successive linear programming factorization algorithm. Successive linear programming outperforms L 1 Wiberg for most large inputs, establishing a new state-of-the-art for for those cases.
Extracting the Green's function of attenuating heterogeneous acoustic media from uncorrelated waves.

The Green’s function of acoustic or elastic wave propagation can, for loss-less media, be retrieved by correlating the wave field that is excited by random sources and is recorded at two locations. Here the generalization of this idea to attenuating acoustic waves in an inhomogeneous medium is addressed, and it is shown that the Green’s function can be retrieved from waves that are excited throughout the volume by spatially uncorrelated injection sources with a power spectrum that is proportional to the local dissipation rate. For a finite volume, one needs both volume sources and sources at the bounding surface for the extraction of the Green’s functions. For the special case of a homogeneous attenuating medium defined over a finite volume, the phase and geometrical spreading of the Green’s function is correctly retrieved when the volume sources are ignored, but the attenuation is not.
Male specific natural products in the bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus: Chemistry and possible function

Abstract In the Coreoidea and some allied groups, male adults possess an abdominal gland opening through a midventral ostiole in the 7–8th abdominal intersegmental membrane. Using a GC-MS system, the following aromatic volatiles were identified in the abdominal gland secretion from males of the leaf footed bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus: guaiacol, benzyl alcohol, syringaldehyde, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, acetosyringone, and vanillin. Males from which the glands were removed still mated and were competitive with control males for a limited number of females. The ventral abdominal gland secretion may act as a long-range attractant of females. The possibility that attraction of females by males in Heteroptera is an adaptation facilitating colonization of successional habitats is discussed.
Molecular therapy of the intervertebral disc

Disc degeneration is the loss of the normal nucleus pulposus disc matrix to a more fibrotic and less cartilaginous structure. This change in disc micro-anatomy can be associated with pain and deformity, however, prevention and treatment options of disc degeneration are currently limited. Much research is going on to understand intervertebral discs at a molecular/ cellular level in hopes of creating clinically applicable options for treating disc degeneration. This review article will give insight into the current and developing status of treating intervertebral disc degeneration from a molecular standpoint.
The Reasonable Woman Standard: A Meta-Analytic Review of Gender Differences in Perceptions of Sexual Harassment

Courts and legislatures have begun to develop the “reasonable woman standard” (RWS) as a criterion for deciding sexual harassment trials. This standard rests on assumptions of a “wide divergence” between the perceptions of men and women when viewing social-sexual behavior that may be considered harassing. Narrative reviews of the literature on such perceptions have suggested that these assumptions are only minimally supported. To test these assumptions quantitatively, a meta-analytic review was conducted that assessed the size, stability, and moderators of gender differences in perceptions of sexual harassment. The effect of the actor's status relative to the target also was evaluated meta-analytically, as one alternative to the importance of gender effects. Results supported the claims of narrative reviews for a relatively small gender effect, and draw attention to the status effect. In discussing legal implications of the present findings, earlier claims are echoed suggesting caution in establishing the reasonable woman standard, and one alternative to the RWS, the “reasonable victim standard,” is discussed.
Procaine Interaction with the Corneal Surface and its Relation to Anesthesia

The effects of pH and procaine on the apparent density of charged groups fixed to the corneal surface of guinea pigs were studied. The net density of fixed charge was found to be negative over the pH range of 5 to 9 and decreased in the presence of procaine. These results are interpreted in terms of procaine interaction with the surface and its implications with regard to the factors that may influence the characteristics of the anesthetic response. The electrometric method employed allowed the study to be performed under physiological conditions using live animals. The method is general and can be equally applied to study other drug-tissue interactions.
A Note On 1Qs 9:14: the Sons of Righteousness or the Sons of Zadok?

The principal difficulty, of course, is explaining the phrase pr In.' Ignoring the unnecessary definite article it easily reads as "the sons of Zadok," and the surrounding material addressing the Master's role as a judge of the human spirit places him in that capacity with respect to Zadokites as well as non-priestly community members.2 Yet in the most recent edition of the scroll, the phrase is emended to read as "the
Impact of a cryopreservation program on the multiple pregnancy rate associated with assisted reproductive technologies.

Abstract Objective: To determine the impact of a cryopreservation program on pregnancy rates and multiple-pregnancy rates in ART cycles. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: University teaching hospital. Patient(s): Women who underwent stimulation for in vitro fertilization at the Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine between October 1987 and June 1999. Intervention(s): Analysis of pregnancy and multiple-pregnancy rates based on the number of embryos transferred. Main Outcome Measure(s): Implantation; pregnancy and multiple-pregnancy rates. Result(s): Pregnancy rates per transfer increased from 9% when one embryo was transferred to 20% with two embryos, 35% with three embryos, 40% with four embryos, and 41% with five embryos. The rate of twin pregnancies increased to 21% with two embryos, 23% with three embryos, 21% with four embryos, and 22% with five embryos. The triplet pregnancy rates were 8% with three embryos, 9% with four embryos, and 2% with five embryos. A theoretical model limiting the number of embryos transferred to two with cryopreservation and subsequent transfer yields a cumulative pregnancy rate of 77%, a twin rate of less than 20%, and no triplet or higher-order pregnancies. Conclusion(s): The use of a cryopreservation program can help maximize pregnancy rates while minimizing multiple-pregnancy rates. Cryopreservation should be considered in all assisted reproductive technology cycles.
High-efficiency FET/microstrip-patch oscillators

The author discusses class-C FET/patch oscillators; in these, the microstrip-patch antenna serves multiple purposes: the patch radiates energy, acts as a resonant load, and as a feedback network. These integrated antenna/oscillators are capable of efficiencies which approach conventional non-radiating oscillator designs. >
Purification and characterization of 2-oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase from rat liver.

Abstract The partial purification (123-fold) of 2-oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase (2-oxoaldehyde : NAD(P) + oxidoreductase, 1.2.1.23) from rat liver was carried out using a purification procedure which involved (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex chromatography, Blue-Dextran affinity chromatography and CM-Sephadex chromatography. A single form of the enzyme was observed, mol. wt. approx. 50000 by gel chromatography. 2-Oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase appears to be highly specific for NADP + and methylglyoxal. No activity is observed in the absence of certain amines which have vicinal amino and hydroxyl groups. The only known amine which activates the enzyme at physiological pH is l -serine methyl ester, suggesting that the regulation of this enzyme in vivo may require a derivative of serine.
1000 times expansion/compression of optical pulses for chirped pulse amplification

Abstract Diffraction gratings are used in both positive and negative group velocity dispersion configurations to expand and compress an optical pulse. An expansion/compression factor of 1000 times, from 85 fs to 85 ps and back is demonstrated. This method, in conjunction with the technique of chirped pulse amplification, will make possible the production of ultrahigh peak power pulses in the terawatt to petawatt range.
Evaluating gestational weight gain recommendations in pregestational diabetes

Objective The Institute of Medicine (IOM) does not provide recommendations for gestational weight gain (GWG) specific to women with pregestational diabetes. We aimed to assess the impact of GWG outside the IOM recommendations on perinatal outcomes. Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of all singletons with pregestational diabetes from 2008 through 2013. Women were classified as GWG within, less than, or greater than IOM recommendations for body mass index per week of pregnancy. Maternal outcomes examined were cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, and percentage of visits with glycemic control (>50% blood sugars at goal). Neonatal outcomes were birthweight, small for gestational age ( 90th percentile), macrosomia (>4000 g), preterm delivery ( 2 test, as appropriate. Backwards stepwise logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding factors. Results Of 340 subjects, 37 (10.9%) were within, 64 (18.8%) less than, and 239 (70.3%) greater than IOM recommendations. The incidence of cesarean delivery, preeclampsia, glycemic control, preterm delivery, and birth injury were not significantly different between GWG groups. The incidence of LGA and macrosomia increased as GWG category increased (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–8.39 and AOR, 4.02; 95% CI, 1.16–13.9, respectively) without decreasing the incidence of small for gestational age (AOR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.10–1.19). Increases in the risk in LGA and macrosomia were not explained by differences in glycemic control by GWG groups. Conclusion Women with pregestational diabetes mellitus should be counseled to gain within the IOM recommendations to avoid LGA and macrosomic newborns.
Arecibo Multi-epoch H I Absorption Measurements Against Pulsars: Tiny-scale Atomic Structure

We present results from multi-epoch neutral hydrogen (H I) absorption observations of six bright pulsars with the Arecibo telescope. Moving through the interstellar medium (ISM) with transverse velocities of 10-150 AU yr–1, these pulsars have swept across 1-200 AU over the course of our experiment, allowing us to probe the existence and properties of the tiny-scale atomic structure (TSAS) in the cold neutral medium (CNM). While most of the observed pulsars show no significant change in their H I absorption spectra, we have identified at least two clear TSAS-induced opacity variations in the direction of B1929+10. These observations require strong spatial inhomogeneities in either the TSAS clouds' physical properties themselves or else in the clouds' galactic distribution. While TSAS is occasionally detected on spatial scales down to 10 AU, it is too rare to be characterized by a spectrum of turbulent CNM fluctuations on scales of 101-103 AU, as previously suggested by some work. In the direction of B1929+10, an apparent correlation between TSAS and interstellar clouds inside the warm Local Bubble (LB) indicates that TSAS may be tracing the fragmentation of the LB wall via hydrodynamic instabilities. While similar fragmentation events occur frequently throughout the ISM, the warm medium surrounding these cold cloudlets induces a natural selection effect wherein small TSAS clouds evaporate quickly and are rare, while large clouds survive longer and become a general property of the ISM.
Reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis due to trauma.

A 53-year-old man developed pulmonary tuberculosis, presumably reactivation, within ten days of sustaining multiple fractured ribs. Tuberculous bronchopneumonia developed in the right lung adjacent to the site of injury and spread to the contralateral lung. Sputum smears were positive for acid-fast bacilli three weeks after trauma. Theories for the reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis secondary to trauma are reviewed.
Use Of A Scanning Ccd To Discriminate Asteroid Images Moving In A Field Of Stars

In the presently revealed use of a CCD in scanning mode to recover asteroids and comet nuclei, discover new asteroids in the main belt, and follow up the astrometry of selected new asteroids, the routine limiting visual magnitude is 19.6. Semiautomatic software for detection of moving objects is in use, allowing angular speeds as low as 11.0 arcsec/hr to be distinguished from the effects of the earth's atmosphere on the field of view. A typical set of three 29-min scans near the opposition point along the ecliptic typically nets at least five new main belt asteroids down to magnitude 19.6. In 18 monthly observing runs, 59 new asteroids have been obtained and 22 comets have been located.
Reimagining the criminal: the marketing of Louis Feuillade’s Fantômas (1913–14) and Les Vampires (1915) in the United States

This article examines the marketing of Louis Feuillade’s Fantomas (1913–14) and Les Vampires (1915), arguing that these series’ representations of crime and their fascinating criminal antagonists were significantly altered in order to appeal to and compete for an American audience. It also revises previous scholarship that maintained that Fantomas failed in the United States when it was released in 1913; the series enjoyed a prolonged circulation that culminated in a 1916 re-release through an American distributor, the Mutual Film Corporation. The strategy of classifying these notable crime films as detective films, emphasizing the detective figures over the fascinating criminals, depicting the films’ criminal element as masculine and distributing these films in weekly installments in the style of American serials indicates Gaumont’s concerted effort to culturally negotiate their two most celebrated crime film series to remain commercially viable in a changing international market.
Analysis of acoustic scattering in fluids and solids by the method of fundamental solutions

The method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is a boundary method for the numerical solution of certain elliptic boundary value problems. In the MFS, the approximate solution is a linear combination of fundamental solutions with singularities placed outside the domain of the problem. In the present paper, the MFS is applied to acoustic scattering in fluids. The singularities are allowed to move during the solution process from arbitrary locations to more optimal locations. It is demonstrated that the ''fictitious eigenfrequency'' difficulty encountered with the boundary element method (BEM) is not present in the MFS. In addition, MFS results obtained by the use of fixed singularities are presented for scattering of waves in elastic solids.
Pressure field due to drag reducing outer layer devices in turbulent boundary layers

The wall static pressure in the vicinity of drag reducing outer layer devices in flat wall turbulent boundary layers has been measured and compared with an inviscid theory. Symmetric and cambered airfoil devices have been examined at small angles of attack and very low chord Reynolds numbers. Airfoil devices impose a sequence of strong favorable and adverse pressure gradients on the boundary layer whose drag is to be reduced. At very small angles of attack (± 2°), this pressure field extends up to about three chord lengths downstream of the trailing edge of an airfoil device. Also examined are the pressures on the upper and lower surfaces of a symmetric airfoil device in the freestream and near the wall. The freestream pressure distribution around an airfoil section is altered by the wall proximity. The relevance of lift enhancement caused by wall proximity to drag reduction has been discussed. The pressure distributions on the flat wall beneath the symmetric airfoil devices are predicted well by the inviscid theory. However, the remaining pressure distributions are predicted only qualitatively, presumably because of strong viscous effects.
DNA sequences regulating human β globin gene expression

Human delta globin is expressed at approximately 1-2% of the level of human beta globin in erythroid cells despite the marked homology between these two globins. To determine the DNA sequences responsible for this effect, delta and beta globin genes and fusion products of these genes constructed in vitro were transfected and expressed in HeLa cells. The results indicate that when the small intervening sequence of the beta gene (beta IVS 1) is replaced by delta IVS 1, expression of the chimeric gene is the same as that of the normal beta globin gene. By contrast, when the large intervening sequence of the beta gene (beta IVS 2) is replaced by delta IVS 2, expression of the chimeric gene is markedly reduced. These results suggest that there are signals within IVS 2 of the delta and beta genes which affect their relative expression.
Interface selective transient grating spectroscopy: theory and applications to thermal flow and acoustic propagation in superconducting thin films

A general theoretical and experimental treatment of transient grating diffraction is presented for interfacial holographic gratings in thin film structures. The theoretical treatment allows for gratings that have nonuniform spatial amplitude throughout the sample. Interface selective transient gratings experiments are performed on oriented thin films (approximately 100 nm) of YBa2Cu3O7-x, with MgO and SrTiO3 substrates. Four different excitation and probe geometries are utilized such that each geometry results in a unique temporal decay. The grating has a significant amplitude on both sides of the film-substrate interface with a grating wave-vector parallel to the interface. The four experimental geometries comprise an over determined system that can be used to confirm the validity of the model assumptions. Numerical fits to the experimental data, using a straight forward diffusive model, are performed to obtain information on thermal diffusivity and to demonstrate the applicability of the technique to monitor anisotropic thermal relaxation processes in thin film- substrate structures. This analysis yields the anisotropic YBa2Cu3O7-x thermal diffusivity constants and the thermal boundary resistance between the thin film and substrate.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Political rhetoric: A reassessment of critical methodologies

(1978). Political rhetoric: A reassessment of critical methodologies. Journal of Applied Communication Research: Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 55-63.
Constructing intersubjectivity in representational design activities

Abstract What communication techniques do teacher and student use to achieve intersubjectivity when involved in design activities? In this article, I argue that people rely on an intuitive interactional method I call marking to define, constrain, and maintain their understanding of the task at hand and achieve common ground to solve collaborative design problems. To illustrate how this method works, I use data from video segments of middle and high school students and their teacher inventing representations of geometric figures as an executable set of instructions (as in a computer program). The analysis centers on the collaborative interaction — verbal communication, gestures, and representations — among teacher and students as they create and tune their understanding of the goal and nature of the activity.
CD95 signaling is not required for the down regulation of cellular responses to systemic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

There is a tendency among tuberculosis patients to have reduced cellular responses to mycobacterial antigens and this loss has been associated with apoptosis of CD4 T cells. In order to determine the role of CD95 in mediating apoptosis of antigen-specific lymphocytes in tuberculosis, mice with a mutated CD95L molecule were infected systemically with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both control and CD95L mutant mice exhibited the expected loss of response to mycobacterial antigens, with the only difference being a slight delay in the loss of the response in the mutant mice. The limited persistence of the response in the mutant mice suggests that, while antigen-specific cellular responses do decline in mice infected with mycobacteria, this decline is not dependent upon CD95L.
Convertible Securities in Merger Transactions

This paper provides a rationale for the use of convertible securities as the medium of exchange in corporate change-of-control transactions. We argue that convertible securities can resolve the information asymmetry about the bidder's value while at the same time mitigating the information asymmetry about the target's value. In contrast, deals with cash or stock can only address one information asymmetry or the other but not both. Empirically, we find that a bidder is more likely to offer convertible securities, rather than all cash or all stock, when both the bidder and its target face large asymmetric information problems. We also find that both bidders and targets in convertible deals enjoy positive abnormal stock returns around takeover announcements. These findings provide empirical support for the use of convertible securities to resolve the double-sided asymmetric information problem. Finally, we find that bidder returns in convertible deals are larger than in all-cash and all-stock deals, but that target returns in convertible deals are smaller than in all-cash and all-stock deals.
Biogenic amines and their metabolites as substrates for phenol sulphotransferase (EC 2.8.2.1) of brain and liver.

Phenol sulphotransferase activity in homogenates of rat liver and brain was determined spectrophotometrically. Rat liver had about 100-fold more phenol sulphotransferase activity than brain; however, both tissues showed about the same spectrum of activity towards the phenolic compounds tested. Dopamine and its acidic and neutral metabolites and the neutral metabolites of norepinephrine were the compounds most readily sulphury-lated in vitro. They were also the compounds most readily sulphurylated in vivo when they were injected intraventricularly together with labelled Na2SO4. When labelled Na2SO4 was injected alone, we detected conjugation of endogenous phenols. One of the compounds formed was identified by its chromatographic characteristics as 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylethyleneglycol sulphate. We detected other conjugates which appeared to be the sulphate esters of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; and homovanillic acid. In brain, sulphate conjugation may be a major route of metabolism for many of the phenolic compounds related to the biogenic amines and possibly for phenolic drugs which enter the brain.
Cagan type rational expectation model on complex discrete time domains

Abstract In this article, we derive a solution for a linear stochastic model on a complex time domain. In this type of models, the time domain can be any collection of points along the real number line, so these models are suitable for problems where events do not occur at evenly-spaced time intervals. We present examples based on well-known results from economics and finance to illustrate how our model generalizes and extends conventional dynamic models.
Acoustic reflectometry imaging of the airway

This review deals with time-domain acoustic reflectometry, which is a dynamic, real-time imaging modality that can be used to generate an easily interpretable area-distance profile of a cavity, such as the breathing tube/lower airway system or the esophagus. Without resorting to capnography, the acoustic reflectometry profile allows for instant diagnosis of the site of placement of the breathing tube: tracheal, bronchial, or esophageal. Additional applications include: evaluation of sleep apnea, septal disorders, plus the site and the severity of breathing tube obstruction (kinks, mucus plugs) and of lower airway abnormalities (bronchospasm, pulmonary edema). Other applications of the acoustic reflectometer are discussed.
Embryonic mouse lung morphogenesis and type II cytodifferentiation in serumless, chemically defined medium using prolonged in vitro cultures

The timing, position and mechanism(s) for determining type II cytodifferentiation during mammalian lung development are not known. To approach this problem, we have cultured Theiler stage 16 embryonic B10.A strain mouse lung primordia (12-days gestation, E12) in serumless, chemically defined medium in the presence or absence of dexamethasone (DEX) for periods up to 27 days in vitro. Morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation were evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy, and immunochemical techniques. Pulmonary surfactant-associated apoproteins (PSAP) were initially expressed by type II cells at 16.5-day gestation in vivo. DEX-supplementation to the culture medium resulted in the accelerated expression of PSAP; the apoprotein isoforms (A1, A2, and A3) produced in vitro were comparable to those synthesized during fetal and postnatal in vivo development by high resolution, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with immunoblot staining. Cultures without DEX produced PSAP A2 and A3 isoforms, but did not produce A1 (26–31 kDa, pI 5.2–5.3). DEX-treated cultures produced more lamellar bodies within type II cells than non-treated controls. The results demonstrate that long-term cultures of embryonic lung primordia express morphogenesis, cytodifferentiation and the synthesis and secretion of PSAP in the absence of exogenous hormones or growth factors. The data set further supports the hypothesis that morphogenesis and type II cytodifferentiation are regulated by autocrine and paracrine factors intrinsic to the embryonic lung developmental program and independent of exogenous hormone controls.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A neurological perspective.

We report 17 cases of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) admitted to Indiana University Medical Center (IUMC) between January 1985 and December 1994. There were 11 women and 6 men ranging in age from 17 to 70 years. Fifteen patients had impaired mental status during hospitalization, and seven had seizures. Patients were treated with different therapeutic modalities including corticosteroids, aspirin, plasma transfusions, splenectomy, and plasma exchange. Neither neurological status on admission nor seizures was predictive of outcome. Presence of underlying disorders did not alter outcome or treatment response. Three patients died during hospitalization, and three developed end-stage renal disease. The presence of confusion, seizures, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and renal failure should alert the clinician to the possibility of TTP and the need for prompt administration of plasma exchange.
Mixed colloid cysts-xanthogranulomas of the third ventricle

Abstract Two cases of third ventricle tumors with histological features of both colloid cysts and xanthogranuloma are described. One presented with signs of recurrent chemical meningitis. The association between these two lesions is easily explainable by their histogenesis.
Psychosine blocks quisqualate-induced glutamate excitotoxicity in hippocampal CA sector neurons

Abstract Quisqualate is a potent specific agonist for Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR's), that activate G protein-coupled phospholipase C (PLC) in a molecular signal-transduction mechanism that raises cytoplasmic Ca2+ and, when excessive, damages hippocampal neurons. Psychosine (β-galactosylsphingosine), a cationic lysosphingolipid occurring naturally in nervous tissues, dose-dependently inhibited PLC activation induced by metabotropic α1-adrenergic receptor signaling in cultured rat brain astrocytes in vitro. In the present study, we have tested neuroprotective efficacy of psychosine in vivo, in a rat model of glutamate excitotoxicity induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of quisqualate. A sublethal i.c.v. dose of quisqualate caused episodes of prolonged akinesia and convulsions, and major damage to pyramidal neurons of the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 sector, but not to granule cell neurons of the dentate gyrus. Prior infusion of psychosine greatly attenuated quisqualate-induced behaviors, and fully prevented destruction by quisqualate of vulnerable hippocampal neurons. Psychosine may prove useful in prophylaxis of neurodegenerative disorders that arise from intensive hippocampal Group 1 mGluR stimulation.
Aging With Traumatic Brain Injury: Cross-Sectional Follow-Up of People Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation Over More Than 3 Decades

Abstract Sendroy-Terrill M, Whiteneck GG, Brooks CA. Aging with traumatic brain injury: cross-sectional follow-up of people receiving inpatient rehabilitation over more than 3 decades. Objective To investigate aging with traumatic brain injury (TBI) by determining if long-term outcomes after TBI are predicted by years postinjury and age at injury after controlling for the severity of the injury and sex. Design Cross-sectional follow-up telephone survey. Setting Community residents who had received initial treatment in a comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Participants Survivors of TBI (N=243) stratified by years postinjury (in seven 5-year cohorts ranging from 1 to over 30 years postinjury) and by age at injury (in 2 cohorts of people injured before or after age 30). Interventions None. Main Outcome Measures Measures of postconcussive symptoms, major secondary conditions including fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale), physical and cognitive activity limitations (FIM, Alertness Behavior Subscale of the Sickness Impact Profile, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Health Status Survey Short Form), societal participation restrictions (Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique), environmental barriers (Craig Hospital Inventory of Environmental Factors), and perceived quality of life (Satisfaction with Life Scale). Results Most problems identified by the outcome measures were reported by one fourth to one half of the study participants. Increasing decades postinjury predicted declines in physical and cognitive functioning, declines in societal participation, and increases in contractures. Increasing age at injury predicted declines in functional independence, increases in fatigue, declines in societal participation, and declines in perceived environmental barriers. Conclusions This investigation has increased our understanding of the aging process after TBI by demonstrating that both components of aging (years postinjury and age at injury) are predictive of several outcomes after TBI.
A note on optical routing on trees

Bandwidth is a very valuable resource in wavelength division multiplexed optical networks. The problem of finding an optimal assignment of wavelengths to requests is of fundamental importance in bandwidth utilization. We present a polynomial-time algorithm for this problem on fixed constant-size topologies. We combine this algorithm with ideas from Raghavan and Upfal (1994) to obtain an optimal assignment of wavelengths on constant degree undirected trees. Mihail, Kaklamanis, and Rao (1995) posed the following open question: what is the complexity of this problem on directed trees? We show that it is NP-complete both on binary and constant depth directed trees.