cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of restrictive versus obstructive pulmonary function patterns on mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Abstract Background Pulmonary function tests to estimate force vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1 ) have increasingly been used in patients evaluated for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The impact of obstructive versus restrictive lung disease on mortality remains unclear. The authors sought to identify differences in survival in patients with 2 distinct pulmonary function patterns (obstruction vs. restriction). Methods The authors retrospectively analyzed all patients with abnormal FEV 1 (lower than 80% of predicted) detected on the pulmonary function tests prior to TAVI from May 2011 to November 2014. Patients were divided into a group with obstructive pattern (FEV 1 /FVC 1 /FVC>70% of predicted). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to explore the impact of FEV 1 on mortality. Results A total of 94 patients were included in this analysis. Forty-one percent (n=38) had obstructive pattern, and 59% (n=56) had restrictive pattern. FEV 1 values were similar between both groups (43±19 vs. 42±26, p=0.89). Both groups had similar rates of in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year mortality. FEV 1 was not a correlate for 1-year mortality. Patients with pulmonary obstructive and restrictive patters had similar rates of mortality. Moreover, FEV 1 value is not a correlate for 1-year mortality. Conclusion In the current era, the pattern on pulmonary function tests and FEV 1 values should not influence the decision on whom to offer a transcatheter option for their severe valvular disease.
Racial Disparities in Fertility Care: an Analysis of 4537 Intrauterine Insemination Cycles

Studies suggest that race may affect access to fertility treatments and their outcomes. We examined whether race affects the following: duration of infertility prior to seeking evaluation, diagnosis, treatment cycle characteristics, and outcomes. Design: Retrospective cohort. Settings: Academic fertility center. Patients: 4537 intrauterine insemination ± ovulation induction (IUI ± OI) cycles/1495 patients. Interventions: IUI following: (i) OI with either clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins and (ii) ultrasound-monitored natural cycles. Outcome measures: Duration of infertility prior to seeking treatment, SART diagnosis, treatment cycle characteristics and outcomes (spontaneous abortion (SABR), clinical (CPR) and multiple pregnancy rates (MPR)). Asians and Hispanics compared to Caucasians waited significantly longer prior to seeking fertility evaluation (p < 0.01). The mean age of patients seeking infertility evaluation did not differ between groups nor did the type of treatment initially chosen by the patients. Idiopathic infertility was more common among Caucasians (p < 0.05, compared to all others) while PCOS and tubal factor infertility were more frequent among Hispanics (p < 0.05, compared to Caucasian, Asian, and mixed ancestry women) and decreased ovarian reserve was more common among African-Americans (p < 0.01, compared to Caucasians, Asians, and Hispanics). Gonadotropin cycle characteristics including dosing and duration of treatment, follicular recruitment, peak estradiol levels, and endometrial lining thickness differed between certain groups. However, no difference was found in CPR, MPR, and SABR between groups. Race affects timely access to infertility care, diagnosis, and treatment cycle characteristics but not outcomes. Considering the nation’s growing multiracial population, understanding the effect of race on fertility care becomes increasingly important.
Relationship between endogenous opioid function and opioid analgesic adverse effects.

Background and Objectives Our recent work indicates that endogenous opioid activity influences analgesic responses to opioid medications. This secondary analysis evaluated whether endogenous opioid activity is associated with degree of opioid analgesic adverse effects, and whether chronic pain status and sex affect these adverse effects. Methods Using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 51 subjects with chronic low back pain and 38 healthy controls participated in 3 separate sessions, undergoing 2 laboratory-evoked pain tasks (ischemic and thermal) after receiving placebo, naloxone, or morphine. Endogenous opioid system function was indexed by the difference in pain responses between the placebo and naloxone conditions. These measures were examined for associations with morphine-related adverse effects. Results Chronic pain subjects reported significantly greater itching and unpleasant bodily sensations with morphine than controls (P Conclusions No consistent relationships were observed between endogenous opioid function and morphine-related adverse effects. This is in stark contrast to our previous observation of strong relationships between elevated endogenous opioid function and smaller morphine analgesic effects.
Shock Tube Ignition and CH4 Time-Histories during Propanal Oxidation

Propanal is an aldehyde intermediate formed during hydrocarbon combustion process. In this paper, we provide ignition delay time measurements behind reflected shock waves for stochiometric (Φ = 1) mixtures of propanal (CH3CH2CHO) and oxygen (O2) in argon bath gas at temperatures of 1100 < T < 1500 K and pressures around 1 atm. The measurements were conducted using the kinetics shock tube facility at UCF. The results were compared to data available in the literature as well as the predictions of three different aldehyde kinetic models. In addition, we used the laser absorption diagnostics for measuring methane (CH4) time-histories behind the reflected shock waves using a continuous wave distributed feedback interband cascade laser centered at 3403.4 nm. Methane concentration time histories were obtained for pyrolysis of propanal at 1300 K and around atmospheric pressures.
Habitat and Arthropod Relationships Supporting the Red-backed Fairy-wren in the Tropical Savanna Dry Season

Anthropogenic activities are influencing, and in many cases decreasing the tropics’ biodiversity. In Australia’s tropical savanna, mismanaged fire regimes and the introduction of nonnative species are of major concern; climate change may worsen the situation. Already very fire-prone, Australia’s wet-dry northern tropical savanna ecosystem is experiencing intensive burn regimes and also suffers from an invasive grass species which may influence the severity and frequency of fires. This study investigates relationships between fire history, vegetation, arthropods and a grassland-dwelling insectivorous bird, the red-backed fairy-wren ( Malurus melanocephalus ). We found that fire history predicts grass cover, which in turn influences arthropod abundance and diversity and the presence of red-backed fairy-wrens. On the basis of these finding, we argue that this species may be suitable as an indicator for ecosystem health in Australia’s tropical savanna, in the context of intensive fire regimes.
Noninvasive measurements of bilirubin in the newborn

The practice of noninvasive measurement of bilirubin in newborns is not at all a new one; indeed, visual estimates of the degree of jaundice or icterus were being made before the recognition that bilirubin was the agent responsible for the presence of jaundice. This article reviews the use of transcutaneous bilirubinemetry as a noninvasive replacement for serum bilirubin testing or as a screening device to gauge whether or not the degree of jaundice present warrants serum bilirubin testing.
Practical Research on AC/DC Power Flow Algorithm Considering DC Regulating and Control Mode

The control modes of DC power transmission system are flexible and various.It is necessary that the power flows in AC/DC power system are calculated on the basis of considering control actions of control modes and transformation conditions.Combined with the variation law of two terminal HVDC systems in typical control modes,an approach to AC/DC power flow is proposed,the new method is based on simultaneous algorithm.The actions of converter transformer and operation modes transformation of DC power transmission system are taken into account in power flows calculation.To test the method with two-terminal HVDC transmission system,the calculation results are satisfying.This method can effectively deal with adjustment of converter transformer's tap changer,the triggering angle limit and control modes conversion in AC/DC power flow calculation.
FROM SEA AND GARDEN TO SCHOOL AND TOWN: CHANGING GENDER AND HOUSEHOLD PATTERNS AMONG POLLAP ATOLL MIGRANTS

POPULATION MOBILITY in many parts of the world is not a simple matter of migration, with permanent movement from rural to urban areas. Nor are recent movements necessarily a radical change from some previous stage of equilibrium or stability. The term “migration” has typically implied a permanent move and a new process contrasting with a sedentary past, yet movement patterns often show considerable continuity with the past, even when factors such as foreign administrations, growth of urban areas, and entry into the world economy affect population movement. Furthermore, movement in many situations and among many migrants is not permanent; people return home, though perhaps only after a long sojourn away, and in other cases, they circulate between two or more sites. The term “circulation” has been proposed for this latter process and is a common pattern in the Pacific (Chapman 1985; Chapman and Prothero 1985; Prothero and Chapman 1985). This applies to the case of people from Pollap, one of a group of three atolls known as the Western Islands of Chuuk State, part of what is now the Federated States of Micronesia. 1 They also have a heritage of mobility, so that in many respects today’s movements are continuous with past ones. Yet this is far more the case for men than for women; mobility is part of male but not female gender ideology, A male focus on travel and adventure appears, in fact, to be a widespread Micronesian cultural factor involved in migration (Rubinstein 1993:260). In recent years, however, women have increasingly participated in these movements.
ESR Studies of Monoamine Oxidase B. First Direct Evidence for a Substrate Radical Intermediate.

Incubation of MAO B with the new substrate (I) alone does not lead to reasonable ESR signals but addition of the spin trap (IV) produces a triplet of doublets centered about a g value of 2.006 which is assigned to (V).
Perceived Competency in Grief Counseling: Implications for Counselor Education

Grief is regarded as a critical life event. Unresolved grief issues can interfere with quality of life and can result in emotional, behavioral, physical, and cognitive symptoms. If unresolved, this can result in suicidal ideation. Counselors can be called upon and often do work with grief issues in clients, including U.S. Military veterans. This study examined whether 93 master’s-level counselors specializing in rehabilitation counseling reported having been adequately trained to identify and work with clients who are having grief-related issues from loss or disability. Using the Grief Counseling Competency Scale, participants showed a wide range of scores regarding personal competency related to grief. However, scores tended to be low when examining skills and knowledge relating to grief counseling. Implications for further research are discussed.
Human Rights Violations and the Policy Crossroads

The pursuit of Omo River basin development is leading to a major human rights crisis in the Ethiopia-Kenya-South Sudan transboundary region of eastern Africa. Among the principal human rights being violated are those recognized by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) Treaty adopted by the U.N. General Assembly. Although the Ethiopian government is most immediately responsible for initiating human rights violations in the region, the Kenyan government and international development banks are variously complicit, collaborative and partnered in these transgressions. The World Bank, African Development Bank and major donor countries continue to support—even legitimate—the development despite predictable destruction of hundreds of thousands of indigenous peoples’ livelihoods and major political rights violations, particularly within Ethiopia. Cumulative and synergistic effects of the Gibe III megadam and its linked irrigated plantations and energy export transmission system must be integrally considered for adequate social and environmental impact assessment, yet both governments and development banks have failed to act on this mandate. A crossroads in public policy has now emerged: either pursue the present pathway toward massive scale hunger, regional economic collapse and major new cross-border armed conflict or suspend the development underway in order to take genuine account of human rights and proceed in a direction that is accountable to citizens and provides for a sustainable future for the three nations involved.
IPO Signaling Theory: A Revisit

The theoretical model in this study predicts signaling and non-signaling equilibriums can coexist within perfectly competitive stock markets, with signaling evident in larger IPO proceeds. Introduction of market incompleteness into the theoretical framework demonstrates signaling is evident in better post IPO price support, equivalently evident in less negative or more positive post IPO price drift. Within context of markets that are incomplete, separating signaling equilibriums are shown not to be amenable to assumptions of valuation uncertainty. Separating signaling equilibriums constitute, however, dominant equilibriums within context of presence of information asymmetry between issuers and investors. In presence of frictions within product markets, assumptions of information asymmetry within incomplete stock markets generate separating or mixed signaling equilibriums. A distinguishing feature of the signaling framework in relation to prior work is a departure from a priori categorization of IPO parameters as signals of quality. This abstraction nonetheless, the signaling framework endogenously generates distributions of IPO underpricing as sufficient statistics for identification of signaling equilibriums. The theoretical model predicts characterization of IPO underpricing as "money left on the table" during IPOs is theoretically appropriate only within context of mixed signaling equilibriums. Given mixed signaling equilibriums imply presence of market frictions within product markets, IPO issuers act rationally whenever they "leave money on the table" during IPOs. Study predictions, obtained endogenously without recourse to underpricing as a signal of quality, constitute significant departures from and improvements on prior models of IPO signaling theory.
Imaging in Neurology Research III: Focus on Neurotransmitter Imaging

Small animal PET is one of the most recently developed and rapidly evolving areas of biomedical imaging, with applications ranging from drug development to the study of molecular events associated with normal and abnormal thought and behavior. The aim of this chapter is to describe how the development of techniques for measuring neurotransmitter concentrations has enabled neurochemical physiology and function (particularly of the brain) to be imaged directly using PET. This compares to traditional PET approaches that have used receptor imaging to measure the static concentration of proteins localized to a particular tissue in the brain. The development of neurotransmitter mapping approaches has opened up the possibility to study the brain in ways that were previously unachievable, with results that are universally comparable.
Factors Affecting Variation in Salmonella Virulence

Salmonella annually causes a substantial number of illnesses associated with the consumption of fecally-contaminated meats, eggs, milk, and produce. Whether someone becomes ill following the consumption of Salmonella-tainted foods is dependent on: (1) the host’s susceptibility to infection (age, immune status, etc.); (2) pathogen concentration (population); (3) the amount of the adulterated product consumed; (4) nature of the food matrix; and (5) Salmonella serovar or strain type. Salmonella primarily causes self-limiting gastroenteritis, and its pathogenesis is associated with a type 3 secretion system involved in cell invasion and inflammation. The evolution of Salmonella as a pathogen is attributed to acquisition of large virulence gene clusters, referred to as pathogenicity islands that are responsible for cell invasion, inflammation, colonization, and macrophage survival. While Salmonella is genetically diverse, as evident in 2500 plus serovars, there is a significant disparity in the serovars and strain types associated with human illness. This disparity is in part due to the distribution of mobile genetic elements (prophages and plasmids) and resident virulence genes. Several of these plasmid/phage-borne virulence genes are type 3 secretion system effectors associated with Salmonella pathogenicity islands responsible for cell invasion and macrophage survival. Gene polymorphisms (alleles) and alterations in virulence gene expression play an important role in shaping the virulence of Salmonella serovars and strains. Transitioning towards whole genome sequencing as an epidemiologic, investigative tool, will reveal more about Salmonella virulence and provide markers for rapid identification of virulent serovar/strain types in foods.
Chinese teachers’ perceptions of academically oriented teacher preparation

AbstractAcademically oriented teacher preparation, which prioritises subject matter knowledge for teaching, is still widely practised in Confucian societies. Few studies, however, have investigated the impact of this academic model on teaching practices in Confucian contexts. Drawing on interviews and classroom observations of six Chinese mathematics teachers, this study identifies the affordances and limitations of a typical academically oriented teacher preparation in today’s China. Although this helped the sampled teachers establish their initial self-efficacy for teaching it limited the teachers’ awareness of and their capacity for engaging all students to learn. The paper argues that academically oriented teacher preparation programmes in Confucian societies may need to reform their curricula so as to help their graduates advance both excellence and equity in education through their teaching.
Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy

Intra-arterial chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases (CLM) has been extensively studied over the last 30 years. In both patients with resectable and unresectable liver metastases, hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy with floxuridine has been shown to be an effective and safe method of treating patients with CLM. As an adjuvant therapy, HAI is associated with markedly improved hepatic progression-free survival and improved overall survival. In the unresectable setting, HAI is associated with high response rates and rates of conversion to complete resection. With careful observation and management to minimize the toxicity of this treatment, HAI chemotherapy via the hepatic artery should be considered as an adjuvant therapy in patients undergoing definitive surgical resection of CLM, as well as those being treated with modern systemic chemotherapy for unresectable disease.
Banff Classification of Polyomavirus Nephropathy: A New Tool for Research and Clinical Practice.

Over the past two decades, various transplant nephrologists and renal pathologists have worked together under the banner of the Banff Working Group to define aspects of renal disease and renal pathology in the setting of kidney transplantation. Polyomavirus pathology has been a particular area of
Conditions of reverse bullwhip effect in pricing under joint decision of replenishment and pricing

Abstract A “reverse bullwhip effect in pricing (RBP)” occurs when an amplification of price variability takes place moving from the upstream suppliers to the downstream customers in a supply chain. In this study, we investigate RBP conditions for supply chains where joint replenishment and pricing decisions are made. Commencing with a single-stage supply chain in which a retailer faces a random and price-sensitive demand, we extend the results to a multi-stage supply chain using a leader-follower game theoretical framework. We discuss RBP conditions for supply chains where newsvendor and continuous review inventory policies are employed, and present numerical examples for commonly used demand functions.
Eastern Redbud ( Cercis canadensis L.) and Judas Tree ( Cercis siliquastrum L.)

Cercis is a genus of 11 species native to North America, Asia, and Europe. All are large shrubs or small trees under 10 m in height. The genus Cercis is an unusual member of the caesalpinoid subfamily of legumes (Leguminosae sub. Caesalpiniaceae) producing pea-like, papilionaceous flowers more common to the Fabaceae subfamily. The two most important species are C. canadensis (Eastern redbud) and C. siliquastrum (Judas tree). Both species are similar in appearance, with C. canadensis, produced as a nursery crop in the United States, where it is native, and C. siliquastrum, being commercially important in its natural distribution in Europe (Table 1). Cercis is cultivated as an ornamental landscape tree and for establishment in windbreaks or wildlife habitats.
Morpurgo Davies, Anna (b. 1937)

Anna Morpurgo Davies (b. 1937), Diebold Professor of Comparative Philology, Emerita, at the University of Oxford, is the most distinguished living historical linguist in the United Kingdom. She is best known for her pioneering work in three quite distinct areas: the interpretation of Ancient Greek dialects, particularly Mycenaean (Linear B); the decipherment and analysis of the Anatolian language Hieroglyphic Luvian; and the elucidation of the history of 19th-century linguistics.
Optimal three-level designs for response surfaces in spherical experimental regions

﻿[This abstract is based on the author's abstract.] Because of their simplicity and efficiency, Box-Behnken designs have been widely used to estimate a second-order model in three or four factors, but as the number of factors increases, the run size of..
Surface membranes and biological regulation in differentiated hepatoma cells in vitro.

The variety of Morris hepatomas with their properties ranging from minimal deviation, slow growing tumors to undifferentiated, fast replicating carcinomas have been invaluable in their contribution to the understanding of basic mechanisms in cellular biology and biochemistry. The ability to culture (Fig 1) and clone many of these tumors have enhanced their value since under conditions in vitro genetically homogeneous populations, derived from single cells, could be readily studied.
Quantum Revival Spectroscopy and Multi-Body Interactions

Interactions lie at the heart of correlated many-body quantum phases [1–3]. Typically, the interactions between microscopic particles, such as electrons, atoms, or molecules, are described as two-body interactions. Only in rare cases, such as strongly interacting nuclear matter, higher-body interactions are considered by introducing a new energy scale, whenever three or more particles collide. Recent theoretical studies have shown that such multi-body interactions may give rise to novel, exotic many-body quantum phases in systems of ultracold quantum gases [4–6]. So far, higher-body interactions in ultracold atomic systems have only been observed as inelastic loss resonances in three- and four-body recombinations of atom-atom and atom-dimer collisions [7–11]. Elastic multi-body interactions, however, have been elusive, because a method to detect them has not been available.
Indigenous Data Sovereignty: University Institutional Review Board Policies and Guidelines and Research with American Indian and Alaska Native Communities:

American Indians, Alaska Native, and other Indigenous people throughout the world have undergone and continue to experience research abuses. Qualitative data such as intellectual property, Indigeno...
Summary of Carbohydrate Functionalities

Abstract This chapter reviews, in two tables, the carbohydrates used as food ingredients by (a) structural types and (b) specific applications and functionalities plus some carbohydrate ingredients to consider providing the required functionalities.
CaMKII signaling in heart diseases: Emerging role in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is upregulated in diabetes and significantly contributes to cardiac remodeling with increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias. Diabetes is frequently associated with atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, which may further enhance CaMKII. Activation of CaMKII occurs downstream of neurohormonal stimulation (e.g. via G-protein coupled receptors) and involve various posttranslational modifications including autophosphorylation, oxidation, S-nitrosylation and O-GlcNAcylation. CaMKII signaling regulates diverse cellular processes in a spatiotemporal manner including excitation-contraction and excitation-transcription coupling, mechanics and energetics in cardiac myocytes. Chronic activation of CaMKII results in cellular remodeling and ultimately arrhythmogenic alterations in Ca2+ handling, ion channels, cell-to-cell coupling and metabolism. This review addresses the detrimental effects of the upregulated CaMKII signaling to enhance the arrhythmogenic substrate and trigger mechanisms in the heart. We also briefly summarize preclinical studies using kinase inhibitors and genetically modified mice targeting CaMKII in diabetes. The mechanistic understanding of CaMKII signaling, cardiac remodeling and arrhythmia mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets and ultimately better treatment in diabetes and heart disease in general.
Comparison of GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS for the analysis of hormones and pesticides in surface waters: advantages and pitfalls

The occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in aquatic environments has long been a concern because of their threat to human and aquatic health. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) were optimized and compared for the detection of potential EDCs in order to examine the advantages and limitations of these commonly used instrumental methods in environmental analysis. The comparison between the two methods indicated that the performance and analytical results were not significantly different, except for the analysis of legacy organochlorine pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites, where GC-MS/MS outperformed LC-MS/MS. However, because of the very low water solubility of these compounds they are less likely to be found in surface water samples, and they were therefore removed from the list of target analytes in the LC-MS/MS method. On the other hand, by using LC-MS/MS, highly water-soluble EDCs such as estrogens and their conjugates were simultaneously analyzed with the currently registered pesticides without the need for derivatization. In this study, an optimized procedure for solvent exchange of sample extracts originally dissolved in ethyl acetate (for GC-MS/MS) is described in order to prepare them for LC-MS/MS analysis. Quantitative analysis using LC-MS/MS was developed for the detection of potential EDCs including estrogens, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. Scheduled selected reaction monitoring acquisition in LC-MS/MS assured the optimum sensitivity of trace analysis. Electrospray positive and negative ionizations were performed in a single run by using wrong-way-round ionization employing a pH 10 mobile phase. Limits of detection ranging from 0.4 to 6 ng L−1 for all the target compounds could be achieved using the developed LC-MS/MS method. Recoveries (n = 3) for most of the compounds were above 70% with a relative standard deviation below 20%. The validated LC-MS/MS method was applied to natural river water samples and the results showed no significant difference from those obtained using GC-MS/MS.
Increasing the SAT Attack Resiliency of In-Cone Logic Locking

A method to increase the resiliency of in-cone logic locking against the SAT attack is described in this paper. Current logic locking techniques provide protection through the addition of circuitry outside of the original logic cone. While the additional circuitry provides provable security against the SAT attack, other attacks, such as the removal attack, limit the efficacy of such techniques. Traditional in-cone logic locking is not prone to removal attacks, but is less secure against the SAT attack. The focus of this paper is, therefore, the analysis of in-cone logic locking to increase the security against the SAT attack, which provides a comparison between in-cone techniques and newly developed methodologies. A novel algorithm is developed that utilizes maximum fanout free cones (MFFC). The application of the algorithm limits the fanout of incorrect key information. The MFFC based algorithm resulted in an average increase of 61.8% in the minimum number of iterations required to complete the SAT attack across 1,000 different variable orderings of the circuit netlist while restricted to a 5% overhead in area.
Adults with alcohol use disorder may overreport dietary intake using the 1-year Diet History Questionnaire II.

Abstract Minimal recent research explores how alcohol use disorder (AUD) affects dietary intake during periods of alcohol consumption. Therefore, we aimed to assess the feasibility and utility of a computerized food frequency questionnaire, the Diet History Questionnaire II (DHQ II), to quantify dietary intake in adults with AUD. Participants were adult men and women seeking treatment for AUD at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. Participants (N = 21) were enrolled in an observational study examining the microbiome in AUD. The Web-based DHQ II, reflecting dietary intake over the past year, was administered to participants within 2 weeks of admission to an inpatient alcohol rehabilitation program. Descriptive data are reported as mean ± SEM. Analyses were run in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and P
A Unique Case of Microvascular Triple Decompression for Combined Simultaneous Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm, and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia Because of the Dolichoectatic Vertebrobasilar System.

Background Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm (HFS), and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) are hyperactive dysfunction syndromes (HDS) commonly caused by microvascular compression of their root entry zone. Cases of combined HDS involving 2 or more of these entities are extremely rare. Although microvascular decompression is the surgical treatment of choice, there are additional techniques that have been described as efficient methods to accomplish vessel transposition. Objective To our knowledge, we present the first reported case of triple simultaneous HDS successfully treated using the clip-sling technique to achieve microvascular decompression. We discuss several technical pearls and pitfalls relevant to the use of the sling suspension technique. Methods We report the rare case of a 66-yr-old male with combined simultaneous unilateral right-sided TN, HFS, and GPN because of a dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar system compressing the exit zones of the right trigeminal, facial, and glossopharyngeal nerves and present a literature review of combined HDS and their different surgical treatments. Results Symptomatic TN, HFS, and GPN have been reported 8 times in the literature with our case being the ninth. A retrosigmoid craniotomy was performed for microvascular decompression of the brainstem with a clip-sling suspension technique augmented with Teflon felt pledgets. The patient had immediate complete relief from TN, HFS, and GPN postoperatively. Conclusion Microvascular decompression using the clip-sling technique via a retrosigmoid approach should be considered as a safe and effective option for transposition and suspension of the offending artery and decompression of the affected nerve roots in cases of combined HDS.
Perceived impact of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education.

Abstract Background Faculty practice is believed to positively affect health education, however limited research exists on the impact of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education. Purpose The purpose was to explore the perceived impact of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education. Methods A preliminary mixed methods approach was used to evaluate nurse practitioner student and faculty perspectives on the impact of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education. Student group interviews were conducted and practicing faculty were surveyed. Results Study findings included student and faculty-perceived benefits and challenges of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education. Specific benefits were increased access to faculty preceptors and clinical sites for nurse practitioner students, influencing faculty-developed education materials, increased number of real-world examples, faculty credibility, applying evidence-based practice, and overall improvement in the quality of teaching. Specific challenges were time, faculty availability to students, managing multiple roles, and clinical sites not conducive to precepting. Conclusion This study provided preliminary information on the perceived impact of faculty practice on nurse practitioner education including the benefits and challenges. Findings support faculty practice as having a positive perceived impact on nurse practitioner education.
Mathematical Statistical Analysis of Financial Investment Industry Combining Resistance Algorithm under the Context of Internet

The reason why some mathematical approaches fail to achieve ideal results in social and economic statistics, especially in financial statistics, is that outliers and exceptions in the sample data lead to the fact that the calculation results cannot reflect the internal relationship of variables correctly and thus deviate from the practical economic significance. The resistance algorithm introduced in this paper can be used to solve these problems in many economic fields and achieve an excellent effect, especially in the financial, statistical analysis field. In this paper, the resistance algorithm is used to analyze the relationship of the liquidity preference with the income and interest rate. Based on the analysis of the annual network data in recent years, the effect of interest rate and liquidity preference is analyzed in this paper. The economic theory is combined with the actual situation in China for analysis. It is believed that a proper economic explanation can be obtained based on the application of the resistance algorithm proposed in this paper.
A Large Cohort Study of Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer by Smoking Status.

Background: Some evidence suggests the association between body mass index (BMI) and pancreatic cancer risk is weaker among current smokers than among never smokers. Methods: We examined the association between BMI and pancreatic cancer mortality among adults who reported smoking status at enrollment into Cancer Prevention Study-II in 1982, including 420,543 never smokers, 282,244 former cigarette smokers, and 219,885 current cigarette smokers. After excluding the first 3 years of follow-up to reduce reverse causation, we calculated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Results: During the full follow-up period from 1985 to 2014, 7,904 participants died of pancreatic cancer. The HR per 5 BMI units was lower among current smokers [HR = 1.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.20] than never smokers (HR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.17–1.27), although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). BMI was significantly less strongly associated with pancreatic cancer mortality among current smokers reporting ≥20 cigarettes/day (HR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03–1.18) than among never smokers. During follow-up within 10 years of enrollment, when current smokers at enrollment were the most likely to have still been smoking, BMI was not associated with pancreatic cancer mortality among current smokers (HR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.90–1.16, P = 0.03 for difference between current and never smokers). BMI HRs were similar among former and never smokers. Conclusions: These results support a weaker association between BMI and pancreatic cancer among current smokers than among never smokers. Impact: In populations with low smoking prevalence, the pancreatic cancer burden due to BMI is likely to be higher than that predicted by risk estimates from studies including substantial numbers of smokers.
Competing Ontologies: A Redux Primer for Public Administration:

Over the last decade, a growing number of public administration theorists have taken up the question of how ontology—assumptions about the nature of existence—shapes our understanding of governance...
Selective demethylation of O-aryl glycosides by iridium-catalyzed hydrosilylation

The cleavage of alkyl ethers by hydrosilylation is a powerful synthetic tool for the generation of silyl ethers. Previous attempts to apply this transformation to carbohydrate derivatives have been constrained by poor selectivity and preferential reduction of the anomeric position. O-Aryl glycosides are found to be stable under iridium- and borane-catalyzed hydrosilylation conditions, allowing for alkyl ether cleavage without loss of anomeric functionality. A cationic bis(phosphine)iridium complex catalyzes the selective 3-demethylation of a variety of 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl pyranoses, offering a unique approach to 3-hydroxy or 3-acetyl 2,4-di-O-methylpyranoses.
Differential Cross Sections for Electron and Positron Scattering from Argon

Recent intense efforts to generate slow positron beams have led to many exciting developments in positron scattering experiments from atoms and molecules. Last year the first direct measurements were performed by Detroit group [1] for the differential cross sections of positrons elastically scattered from argon atoms at 100 and 200 eV. Since the differential cross sections provide more rigorous testing for theories and experiments, it may be of great interest to present the calculated differential cross sections of positrons and electrons from argon.
Meta-Analysis of Open vs Closed Surgery of Mandibular Condyle Fractures

META-ANALYSIS OF OPEN VERSUS CLOSED TREATMENT OF MANDIBULAR CONDYLE FRACTURES By Marcy L. Nussbaum, M.S. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2006 Major Director: Dr. Al M. Best, Professor of Biostatistics A review of the literature reveals a difference of opinion regarding whether open or closed reduction of condylar fractures produces the best results. It would be beneficial to critically analyze past studies that have directly compared the two methods in an attempt to answer this question. A Medline search for articles using the key words ‘mandibular condyle fractures’ and ‘mandibular condyle fractures surgery’ was performed. The articles chosen for the meta-analysis contained data on at least one of the following: postoperative maximum mouth opening, lateral excursion, protrusion, deviation on opening, asymmetry, and joint pain or muscle pain. Several common statistical methods were used to test for differences between open and closed surgery, including the weighted average method for fixed and random effects as well as the Mantel-Haenszel method for fixed effects. Some of the outcome variables were found to be statistically significant but were interpreted with caution because of the poor quality of the studies assessed. There is a need for more standardized data collection as well as patient randomization to treatment groups.
How Structure Encourages and Limits the Influence of Progressive Ideas in International Politics

After the Cold War, progressive ideas from democracy to civil and human rights seem to have swept the globe. With time, security fears increased, and the power of these progressive ideas seemed to wane. This is the fourth time in 200 years that peace-causing ideas have sprung forward, only to retrench in the face of security concerns. I argue that the recent rise and decline of progressive ideas helps show that the progress of peace-causing norms reflects and is dependent on the international structure. When security competition increases, the role of progressive ideas decreases. I base this argument on the 200 year history of collective security systems ranging from the Concert of Europe to the League of Nations, the United Nations, and the post-Cold War U.N. A benign international structure helps boost progressive ideas.
The use of a mixture of morphine and n-allylnormorphine as an analgesic.

Abstract The role of n-allylnormorphine in reversing morphine and other opiate respiratory and circulatory depressant effects is gaining wider acceptance. In order to obtain full advantage of the superior analgesic properties of morphine with minimal side effects, it was decided to mix n-allylnormorphine with each morphine administration. When equal concentrations of 5, 10, or 15 mg. of each of these drugs were mixed and injected into pediatric, geriatric, or obstetric patients, intense sedation and analgesia were produced with either slight or no effect on respiration or circulation. Only slight respiratory depression of one newborn infant resulted in this series from the administration of this analgesic mixture to the mothers in labor. The results obtained with the morphine-n-allylnormorphine mixtures are encouraging and warrant further trial.
Long-term motion in a restricted problem of rotational motion

A method of general perturbations, based on the use of Lie series to generate approximate canonical transformations, is applied to study the long-term effects of gravity-gradient torque and orbital evolution on the rotational motion of a triaxial, rigid satellite. The center of mass of the satellite is constrained to move in an elliptic orbit about an attracting point mass. The orbit, which has a constant inclination, is constrained to precess and spin with constant rates. The method of general perturbations is used to obtain the Hamiltonian for the nonresonant secular and long-period rotational motion of the satellite to second order in n/ω0, where n is the orbital mean motion of the center of mass and ω0 is a reference value of the magnitude of the satellite’s rotational angular velocity. The differential equations derivable from the transformed Hamiltonian are integrable and the solution for the long-term motion may be expressed in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions and elliptic integrals. Geometrical aspects of the long-term rotational motion are discussed and a comparison of theoretical results with observations is made.
Complexity of Derivations from Quantifier-Free Horn Formulae, Mechanical Introduction of Explicit Definitions, and Refinement of Completeness Theorems

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the complexity of proofs by quantifier-free rules, and presents the refinements of completeness theorems. Such refinements involve complexity measures μ and provide bounds for μ-shortest proofs of formulae A as a function of μA. Part of the job of analyzing a proposed refinement is determining how the given bounds depend on μ. One principal result is that for some very general classes of rules, with minimal conditions on μ, bounds vary polynomially in μ with respect to improvement on a fixed (universal) system and fixed measure. The bulk of the results in the chapter concern the complexity of derivations by rules associated with quantifier-free Horn formulae. The chapter also presents refinements of the completeness of the propositional calculus.
A Test of the Standard Model, Using Da$\Phi$ne

Both the light hypernucleus ${}_\Lambda {\rm H}^4$ and the nucleus ${\rm He}^4$ have spin 0. The ratio $R$ of the electron to muon rates for the pure Fermi transitions \begin{equation} R=\frac{\Gamma\left({}_\Lambda {\rm H}^4\rightarrow {\rm e}^- + \bar \nu +{\rm He}^4\right)} {\Gamma\left({}_\Lambda {\rm H}^4\rightarrow {\mu}^- + \bar \nu +{\rm He}^4\right)} \end{equation} is a sensitive measure of the presence of a {\em second-class} weak current (to the extent that SU(3) is valid in strong interactions), and hence, is a test of the Standard Model. Rates and sensitivities, using Da$\Phi$ne, the $e^+e^-$ machine under construction at Frascati, are discussed.
High-Resolution Gas-Chromatographic Analysis of the Volatile Constituents of Body Fluids, with Use of Glass Capillary Columns

Trace volatile constituents of human urine, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid were concentrated on a porous polymer precolumn, and resolved with high-efficiency glass capillary columns. Thin-film glass columns facilitate effective resolution of underivatized compounds within the volatility range up to docosane in relatively short analysis times. Glass capillary columns coated with stationary phases of different polarity were used. Recorded volatile metabolic profiles of human urine are altered after the sample is treated with β-glucuronidase and sulphatase.
Chronic Condition Clusters and Polypharmacy among Adults

Objective. The primary objective of the study was to estimate the rates of polypharmacy among individuals with multimorbidity defined as chronic condition clusters and examine their associations with polypharmacy. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis of 10,528 individuals of age above 21, with at least one physical condition in cardiometabolic (diabetes or heart disease or hypertension), musculoskeletal (arthritis or osteoporosis), and respiratory (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma) clusters from the 2009 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were performed to analyze the association between polypharmacy and multimorbidity. Results. Polypharmacy rates varied from a low of 7.2% among those with respiratory cluster to a high of 64.1% among those with all three disease clusters. Among those with two or more disease clusters, the rates varied from 28.3% for musculoskeletal and respiratory clusters to 41.8% for those with cardiometabolic and respiratory clusters. Individual with cardiometabolic conditions alone or in combination with other disease clusters were more likely to have polypharmacy. Compared to those with musculoskeletal and respiratory conditions, those with cardiometabolic and respiratory conditions had 1.68 times higher likelihood of polypharmacy. Conclusions. Rates of polypharmacy differed by specific disease clusters. Individuals with cardiometabolic condition were particularly at high risk of polypharmacy, suggesting greater surveillance for adverse drug interaction in this group.
Yeast display evolution of a kinetically efficient 13-amino acid substrate for lipoic acid ligase

Escherichia coli lipoic acid ligase (LplA) catalyzes ATP-dependent covalent ligation of lipoic acid onto specific lysine side chains of three acceptor proteins involved in oxidative metabolism. Our lab has shown that LplA and engineered mutants can ligate useful small-molecule probes such as alkyl azides (Nat. Biotechnol. 2007, 25, 1483−1487) and photo-cross-linkers (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 7018−7021) in place of lipoic acid, facilitating imaging and proteomic studies. Both to further our understanding of lipoic acid metabolism, and to improve LplA’s utility as a biotechnological platform, we have engineered a novel 13-amino acid peptide substrate for LplA. LplA’s natural protein substrates have a conserved β-hairpin structure, a conformation that is difficult to recapitulate in a peptide, and thus we performed in vitro evolution to engineer the LplA peptide substrate, called “LplA Acceptor Peptide” (LAP). A ∼107 library of LAP variants was displayed on the surface of yeast cells, labeled by LplA...