cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1302: Targeting mTORC1 by epidermal overexpression of PRAS40(T246A) suppresses TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia during tumor promotion.

Akt activation is an important event during the early stages of skin tumor promotion by diverse tumor promoting stimuli. Transgenic mice overexpressing either wild-type Akt1 (Akt wt ) or a constitutively active form of Akt1 (Akt myr ) exhibit dramatically enhanced susceptibility to two-stage skin carcinogenesis and skin tumor promotion. Several downstream Akt targets are modulated (i.e., increased phosphorylation) in keratinocytes during tumor promotion, including the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1). Recent experiments show that inhibiting mTORC1 by using topical rapamycin in both wild-type and BK5.Akt wt transgenic mice can effectively block TPA-induced activation of mTORC1 signaling, epidermal hyperproliferation and skin tumor promotion in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with rapamycin also inhibited TPA-induced proliferation and migration of labeling retaining cells (LRCs) of the bulge region from the hair follicles to upper epidermal compartments. To further examine the importance of mTORC1 signaling in epithelial carcinogenesis, we generated BK5.PRAS40 mt (PRAS40 T246A ) mice using the BK5 vector that targets expression to the basal layer of epidermis. PRAS40 was originally identified as a novel Akt substrate with a phosphorylation site at Thr246 and acts as a negative regulator when bound to mTORC1. PRAS40 T246A expressed in BK5.PRAS40 mt mice remained bound to raptor even after TPA treatment as determined by immunoprecipitation analysis. BK5.PRAS40 mt mice displayed reduced phosphorylation of both S6K (T389) and 4EBP1 (S65) in epidermis following treatment with TPA. Furthermore, these transgenic mice were significantly less sensitive to TPA-induced epidermal proliferation (measured by both epidermal thickness and labeling index) compared to nontransgenic siblings. TPA-mediated migration and proliferation of LRCs was also inhibited in BK5.PRAS40 mt mice. BK5.PRAS40 mt mice also expressed lower levels of cell cycle proteins in epidermis after TPA treatment. Collectively, the current data further support the hypothesis that downstream signaling pathways through mTORC1 contribute significantly to the process of skin tumor promotion through effects on proliferation. Supported by CA37111 and 129409. Citation Format: Okkyung Rho, John DiGiovanni. Targeting mTORC1 by epidermal overexpression of PRAS40(T246A) suppresses TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia during tumor promotion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1302. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1302
Computational Study of Kinematics of Capture of Magnetic Particles by Stent: 2-D Model

This paper presents a simple 2-D model to study the kinematics of capture of 1 $\mu \text{m}$ diameter magnetic particles (MPs) by a periodic array of magnetic wires, which are aligned perpendicularly to Poiseuille flow in a rectangular 2-D channel in order to suggest improvements in the design of stent-assisted drug-targeting systems. The model examines the following: 1) the kinematics of particles near the wires; 2) the distribution of captured particles across the array of wires; and 3) the final position of particles that are not captured. An external homogenous magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the axis of the wires and either perpendicular to or along the flow in order to magnetize the particles and the wires to saturation. The trajectories of MPs are determined using the first-order stiff ordinary differential equations that are solved numerically using MATLAB. These trajectories reveal that regardless of the orientation of external magnetizing field, it is always the first wire that captures the MPs. In addition, the particles that are not captured are found to be repelled to the center of the channel when compared with their starting position. This is an unexpected phenomenon indicating that the repulsive effect of the magnetic stent is stronger than the attractive effect, and the simplicity of our model allowed us to expose this previously undiscovered effect.
The Canopy Spectral Features and Remote Sensing of Wheat Lodging

The ratio and illumination of wheat plant’s leaf and stalk in spectrometer’s field of view change due to wheat lodging,so it is possible to detect the lodging grade by remote sensing technique.Firstly,the spectral difference between leaf and stalk is analyzed,and how canopy spectral reflectance increases with lodge angle is explained.Secondly,because the relative increase of spectral reflectance in visible bands is larger than in near infrared bands,the significant negative correlation model between lodging angle and NDVI was built by statistical analysis.Finally,two LandSat ETM satellite images of April7(before lodging)andMay9,2003(after lodging)were selected,and the ratio of NDVI derived fromthe two images was statistically correlated to the lodging grade,and the lodging grade was successfully regressed.
Lifecycle-based software defect prediction technology

To ensure software reliability and software quality,lifecycle-based software defect prediction models using PCA-BP neural network is presented. Metrics are selected according to the relevant standard and the experience of engineering practice. Special flight command software's metrics are measured and some prediction results are presented. The prediction results show that PCA-BP neural network has better astringency and precision than BP neural network.
A New Method Applied to Rise the Level of Fine Machining Effectively for Important Auto Engine Parts

As an example of holes of engine cylinder,this article explained that the micro structure of part surface is very important to technical character of products,then there is limitations of the traditional honing. After describing the principle of laser structuring rised the level of fine machiing effectively for important auto engine parts,this article introduced mainly the application of this new method to the fine machining for holes of cylinder and big holes of connecting rod,farther expressed some features and advantage applying laser structuring.
The Study of Influencing Factor on Fuel Injection Quantity of High Pressure Common Rail System with Electronic Control

High pressure common rail injection system not only enables the diesel engine to meet the increasingly strict emission criterion,but also enhances its economic efficiency and power performance. But the change of characteristic parameters can influence system's working performance because high pressure common rail is a system coupled of multiple physical fields. The simulation model of high pressure common rail was established in AMESim environment. The influences to fuel injection quantity of electromagnetic valve lift,clearance of control piston,needle valve lift,open pressure and flow coefficient were analyzed in different working conditions. The results show that electromagnetic valve lift,needle valve lift,open pressure and flow coefficient are the key characteristic parameters which cause the fuel injection quantity fluctuation.
Confirmed: there is no correlation between the insertional distance between the nasal limbus and the insertion of the medial rectus muscle--and the size of the strabismus angle in infantile esotropia.

Introduction Historical systems of measuring the amount of surgical recession of the medial rectus muscles appropriate to be performed for a given size of angle of infantile esotropia, based upon relative recession measurement from the limbus might have proven to be better than relative recession measurement from the insertion--if a positive correlation were found between the size of the angle of the esodeviation and the distance between the insertion of the medial rectus and the nasal limbus. A search of the scientific literature since 1966 as listed in PubMed (National Library of Medicine, formerly Index Medicus) did not reveal any additional confirmatory study of this type in PubMed. We therefore undertook to perform such a study. Methods Using standard strabismus calipers, at surgery for esotropia, intraoperative measurements were made of the insertional distance (in mm between the most nasal point of the clear cornea and, following standard surgical excision of the muscle from the globe, the anterior insertional ridge of the medial rectus muscle of the eye) in a series of 104 consecutive infantile esotropes operated by the author between 1987 and 1991. These data were then graphically plotted as the ordinate with the abscissa defined as the size of the angle of the esotropia measured with the prism alternate cover test the day prior to surgery. Results No correlation was found between the medial rectus muscle insertional distance and the size of the preoperative esodeviation in prism diopters, correlation coefficient r=0.14, p=0.078. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS: In this large series, the lack of a correlation has credibility as it fails to achieve conventional limits of a "statistical significance" of the difference. Conclusion The lack of correlation between the size of the deviation and the insertional distance offers support for the widespread acceptance and use of the alternative, the dose-response curves based on the mm of recession measured from the anterior ridge of the medial rectus muscle insertion.
The Prophylactic Approach to Hemophilia A

Cryoprecipitated factor vm has made a home care program for both prophylactic and symptomatic treatment of hemophilia entirely feasible, the experience of a pioneer coordinating center shows. Even young children can be trained to infuse themselves with almost no trauma and hematoma formation. Parental participation in obtaining blood donations has reduced the costs to minimal levels.
Immunsuppressiva und Entwicklungsstörungen des Sehorgans

Die pharmakologische Immunsuppression ist, auser bei Transplantationen, auch zur Behandlung bestimmter Formen der Uveitis angezeigt. Im Hinblick auf die Nebenwirkungen dieses Behandlungsverfahrens war es das Ziel der vorliegenden tierexperimentellen Studie, Alkylantien als Teratogene zur Prufung und gleichzeitig zur Gewinnung von Misbildungsmo-dellen fur entsprechende Entwicklungsstorungen des menschlichen Auges zu schaffen.
The 1920s: the security aspect

Disarmament The postwar world began in 1919, with the signing of the Versailles peace treaty. Nobody could tell then how stable the new structure of peace would be, or even what the structure meant in different regions of the world. With the U.S. Senate refusing to ratify the treaty, some were already writing off the just begun postwar period as but a brief interlude in otherwise conflict-ridden international affairs, and many were pessimistic about the future of the League of Nations as well as other arrangements the powers had worked out in Paris. The world during 1919–20 did, indeed, seem very precarious, little different from the situation on the eve of the Great War. Not only did the United States not participate in the League, thus apparently reverting to prewar isolationism, but the peace treaty was proving extremely unpopular in many countries: Germany, Italy, China, and others. In these countries movements were already developing to denounce the peace treaty and what it signified. The Germans condemned the punitive aspects of the peace, the Italians thought they should have gotten more out of it, and the Chinese were disatisfied because the treaty had not forced the Japanese to withdraw from Shantung. The situation was still unstable in the Soviet Union, and Poland seized the opportunity to invade the revolutionary nation. In Hungary, in the meantime, a radical government established itself, giving rise to fears elsewhere that Bolshevism was spreading. The creation, in 1919, of the Communist International, to coordinate Communist activities throughout the world, conjured up the spectacle of a global movement to challenge the peace.
Detection and location for slow leakage of oil pipeline based on weighted logical inference and data fitting

A leakage location method for oil pipeline based on weighted logical inference and data fitting (WLIDF) is proposed, which can decrease the number of false alarms and improve accuracy of slow leakage detection and location. According to the running parameters, the running model of oil pipeline can be decided based on weighted logical inference, which can give a solution under situation of compact representations for multi-valued uncertain causalities and incomplete information. When the leakage happened, the data fitting is used to decide the location and time of the leakage. According to the method of WLIDF, the slow leakage can be found on time and the position of the leakage point can be accuracy located. The simulation and application shows the effective and good performance of the proposed methods.
Interactions in 2D and 3D mid-infrared metamaterials

We explore the issue of interactions between metamaterial resonators and different types of absorbers placed in proximity to these resonators. Very clear anticrossing behaviour and level splitting is observed when IR phonons interact with planar metamaterials. More complex dipole transitions can be designed using semiconductor bandgap engineering. We show experimentally the coupling between metamaterial resonances and intersubband transitions and discuss this mechanism for electrical tuning of metamaterials throughout the optical infrared spectral region. Finally we will discuss interactions in 3D dielectric resonator metamaterials.
Architecting Information Security Services for Federated Satellite Systems

This paper investigates the provision of information security services in federated satellite systems. The discussion is initiated by describing possible threats that the system faces, as well as the specific security services that have to be provided in order to mitigate them. Next, a set of five primal security functions that a federated satellite system has to implement is defined, and an interaction state model is propose to characterize the security state when two federates are interacting with each other. Differences in these security states are then used to define the interaction state machine, which is a transition state diagram that can be used to rapidly identify which security functionality has to be provided in order to securitize an unreliable interaction. Finally, the interaction state model and interaction state machine are applied in a multihop setting where information is relayed through multiple federated satellite system participants. Based on this discussion, the concept of best-effort...
The Effect of Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT) on Survival in Californians with Multiple Myeloma (MM) in the Era of Modern Treatment

Abstract Background: The use and timing of ASCT on survival after MM in the era of modern therapy remain topics of debate. Using population based data, we evaluated factors associated with the receipt of ASCT and the effect of ASCT on overall survival (OS). Methods: Patients diagnosed with MM during 2000 - 2012 were identified in the California Cancer Registry (CCR) (n=12,714). CCR data were linked to the California Patient Discharge Database (PDD). Logistic regression estimated the odds ratio (OR) of having an early ( 1 year) ASCT (vs. no ASCT). OS was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. To determine the effect of ASCT on OS from diagnosis date, Cox regression models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of death treating ASCT as a time dependent covariate. OS time was compared after matching ASCT to no ASCT patients on age, sex, race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES), comorbidity at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, and accounting for time to transplant. Results: The majority of MM patients were male (54%) and of non-Hispanic white (58%) race/ethnicity; 19% Hispanic, 12% African American, and 9% Asian. Median age at diagnosis was 67 (range 18 - 104). African Americans and Hispanics were younger than non-Hispanic whites (median age 64 and 65 vs 69). Comorbidity data from the PDD was available in 59% of the patients in the 2 years prior to MM diagnosis: 7.5% had 0, 21% had 1-2, and 31% had ≥3 comorbidities. A total of 2136 (17%) patients underwent ASCT: 1347 The median follow-up was 32 months. Median OS from diagnosis for the entire cohort, unadjusted for age, comorbidities, and SES was 37 months. Adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, age at diagnosis, SES, comorbidities, insurance status and year of diagnosis, OS improved over time: compared to patients diagnosed in 2008 - 2012, aHR of death of those diagnosed 2000-2003 was 1.58 (P Conclusions :ASCT was utilized in 17% of Californians with MM during 2000-2012, and its use increased over time. The use of ASCT, whether within a year of diagnosis or later in the disease course, is associated with improved OS and this effect may be more pronounced in the era of novel agents. Despite the inherent limitations of analyses of administrative databases, the large number of patients and established robust nature of CCR and PDD data makes accurate depiction of results in the community probable. These data support the continued role of ASCT in the management of patients with MM. Download : Download high-res image (100KB) Download : Download full-size image Disclosures Jonas: Celgene: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria; GlycoMimetics: Consultancy.
Cyberbullying Prevention and Intervention Efforts: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

Bullying is a serious public health concern that is associated with significant negative mental, social, and physical outcomes. Technological advances have increased adolescents’ use of social media, and online communication platforms have exposed adolescents to another mode of bullying—cyberbullying. Prevention and intervention materials, from websites and tip sheets to classroom curriculum, have been developed to help youth, parents, and teachers address cyberbullying. While youth and parents are willing to disclose their experiences with bullying to their health care providers, these disclosures need to be taken seriously and handled in a caring manner. Health care providers need to include questions about bullying on intake forms to encourage these disclosures. The aim of this article is to examine the current status of cyberbullying prevention and intervention. Research support for several school-based intervention programs is summarised. Recommendations for future research are provided.
Sugar-influenced water diffusion, interaction, and retention in clay interlayer nanopores probed by theoretical simulations and experimental spectroscopies

Abstract Understanding the hydrodynamics in clay nanopores is important for gaining insights into the trapping of water, nutrients, and contaminants in natural and engineered soils. Previous investigations have focused on the interlayer organization and molecular diffusion coefficients ( D ) of cations and water molecules in cation-saturated interlayer nanopores of smectite clays. Little is known, however, about how these interlayer dynamic properties are influenced by the ubiquitous presence of small organic compounds such as sugars in the soil environment. Here we probed the effects of glucose molecules on montmorillonite interlayer properties. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed re-structuring of the interlayer organization of the adsorptive species. Water-water interactions were disrupted by glucose-water H-bonding interactions. “Dehydration” of the glucose-populated nanopore led to depletion in the Na solvation shell, which resulted in the accumulation of both Na ions (as inner-sphere complexes) and remaining hydrated water molecules at the mineral surface. This accumulation led to a decrease in both D Na and D water . In addition, the reduction in D glucose as a function of increasing glucose content can be explained by the aggregation of glucose molecules into organic clusters H-bonded to the mineral surface on both walls of the nanopore. Experimental nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray diffraction data were consistent with the theoretical predictions. Compared to clay interlayers devoid of glucose, increased intensities and new peaks in the 23 Na nuclear magnetic resonance spectra confirmed increasing immobilization of Na as a function of increasing glucose content. And, the X-ray diffraction data indicated a reduced collapse of glucose-populated interlayers exposed to decreasing moisture conditions, which led to the maintenance of hydrated clay nanopores. The coupling of theoretical and experimental findings sheds light on the molecular to nanoscale mechanisms that control the enhanced trapping of water molecules and solutes within sugar-enriched clay nanopores.
Reaction of 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic acid-thioanhydride (bmata) with PhCCo3(CO)9. X-ray diffraction structure of \( {\text{Co}}_{\text{3}} ({\text{CO)}}_{\text{6}} [\mu _2 ,\eta ^2 ,\eta ^1 {\text{ - C(Ph)}}{\text{(O)](}}\mu _2 {\text{ - PPh}}_{\text{2}} )\)

The benzylidyne-capped cluster PhCCo3(CO)9 (1) reacts with the diphosphine ligand 2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)maleic acid-thioanhydride (bmata) to afford ultimately the new cluster $${\text{Co}}_{\text{3}} ({\text{CO)}}_{\text{6}} [\mu _2 ,\eta ^2 ,\eta ^1 {\text{ - C(Ph)}}{\text{(O)](}}\mu _2 {\text{ - PPh}}_{\text{2}} )$$ (3) in low yield under thermolysis conditions or by Me3NO activation of PhCCo3(CO)9. The intermediate cluster compound PhCCo3(CO)7(bmata) (2) has been confirmed by IR spectroscopy and is shown to give $${\text{Co}}_{\text{3}} ({\text{CO)}}_{\text{6}} [\mu _2 ,\eta ^2 ,\eta ^1 {\text{ - C(Ph)}}{\text{(O)](}}\mu _2 {\text{ - PPh}}_{\text{2}} )$$ upon heating. Cluster 3 has been isolated and characterized in solution by IR and 31P NMR spectroscopies, and the solid-state structure of 3 was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. $${\text{Co}}_{\text{3}} ({\text{CO)}}_{\text{6}} [\mu _2 ,\eta ^2 ,\eta ^1 {\text{ - C(Ph)}}{\text{(O)](}}\mu _2 {\text{ - PPh}}_{\text{2}} )$$ crystallizes in the triclinic space group P $${\bar 1}$$ , a = 11.6053(8) A, b = 11.8438(8) A, c = 15.099(1) A, α = 105.169(5)○, β = 90.530(5)○, γ = 104.976(6)○, V = 1928.5(2) A3, Z = 2, and d calc = 1.578; R = 0.0442, R w = 0.481 for 2591 observed reflections with I > 3σ (I). The cyclic voltammetric properties of 3 have been investigated and are contrasted with the related bma-derived cluster $${\text{Co}}_{\text{3}} ({\text{CO)}}_{\text{6}} [\mu _2 ,\eta ^2 ,\eta ^1 {\text{ - }}{\text{(O)OC(O)](}}\mu _2 {\text{ - PPh}}_{\text{2}} )$$ .
Ideological Call to Arms: Analyzing Institutional Contradictions in Political Discourse on Education

Despite a legacy of research that emphasizes contradictions and their role in explaining change, less is understood about their character or the mechanisms that support them. This gap is problemati...
Biomaterial-Free Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Cardiac Tissue using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes

We have developed a novel method to deliver stem cells using 3D bioprinted cardiac patches, free of biomaterials. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), fibroblasts (FB) and endothelial cells (EC) were aggregated to create mixed cell spheroids. Cardiac patches were created from spheroids (CM:FB:EC = 70:15:15, 70:0:30, 45:40:15) using a 3D bioprinter. Cardiac patches were analyzed with light and video microscopy, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, cell viability assays and optical electrical mapping. Cardiac tissue patches of all cell ratios beat spontaneously after 3D bioprinting. Patches exhibited ventricular-like action potential waveforms and uniform electrical conduction throughout the patch. Conduction velocities were higher and action potential durations were significantly longer in patches containing a lower percentage of FBs. Immunohistochemistry revealed staining for CM, FB and EC markers, with rudimentary CD31+ blood vessel formation. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of Cx43, the main cardiac gap junction protein, localized to cell-cell borders. In vivo implantation suggests vascularization of 3D bioprinted cardiac patches with engraftment into native rat myocardium. This constitutes a significant step towards a new generation of stem cell-based treatment for heart failure.
Sacroiliitis and Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Sacroiliac joint pain is a common pain compliant, with up to 30% of patients with low back pain and specifically with certain areas of increased incidence like inflammatory bowl disease and post lumbar fusion. Strategies exist to locally treat these patients, with randomized support.
An orthosis for congenital genu recurvatum in a neonate

In congenital genu recurvatum the knee appears to be back to front. This illusion is caused by a transverse crease on the anterior surface of the joint with a femoral condyle resembling a patella on the posterior aspect. The deformity arose from an intrauterine malposition. This report describes the occupational therapy processes which were undertaken from assessment immediately after birth (day 1) to the successful discharge after 4 weeks (day 28).
CO2 Emissions Impact of Sustainable Food Procurement: Informing University Policy

This chapter intends to aid university administrators designing sustainable food policy in dining areas by evaluating the environmental impact of “sustainable” food alternatives – local and organic – using the related environmental metrics “embedded energy” and CO2 emissions. The authors calculate CO2-equivalent emissions associated with local and organic options for fresh fruits and vegetables commonly served in a major Midwestern research university dining hall. Emissions savings associated with organic food are narrowly defined as emissions associated with manufacturing agrochemicals customarily used in conventional production. Similarly, averted emissions associated with local food are defined as emissions that can be reasonably attributed to transportation, accounting for both mode and distance. Additionally, energy and CO2 emissions are calculated for food preservation strategies. The authors advance an approach for quantifying CO2 impact from food based on three categories of “embedded energy” to facilitate CO2 reductions in college and university dining halls.
Using spatial language in multi-modal knowledge capture

The ability to understand and communicate spatial relationships is central to many human-level reasoning tasks. People often describe spatial relationships using prepositions (i.e., in, on, under). Being able to use and interpret spatial prepositions could help create interactive systems for many tasks, including knowledge capture. Here I describe my thesis work modeling the learning and use of spatial prepositions and applying this model to the task of knowledge capture.
Your Family, Your Neighborhood: results from a feasibility and acceptability study of parent engagement in subsidized project-based housing

Your Family, Your Neighborhood (YFYN) is a dual-generation, skill-building intervention designed to strengthen the parent-child bond, increase parent engagement, academic success, and health/well-b...
Temperature-controlled-orientation dependence of electrical properties of Pb0.95La0.05Zr0.46Ti0.54O3 thin films

In this work, the relationship between annealing temperature, crystallographic orientation, and electrical properties of Pb0.95La0.05Zr0.54Ti0.46O3 thin films was investigated. The films (∼210 nm) were prepared using a chemical solution deposition method and annealed in the temperature range of 550–750 °C. From the x-ray diffraction results, it was observed that high temperature annealing (650 and 750 °C) resulted in films having a mixed orientation of (110) and (001) with no pyrochlore phase, whereas low temperature annealing (550 °C) resulted in films with mixed phases. The ferroelectric properties of the films were studied using a metal/ferroelectric/metal model. The capacitance–voltage curves were used to calculate the free carrier concentration (FCC) and built-in potential. The annealing temperature was observed to control the orientation, which in turn affects the electrical properties. Films annealed at higher temperature exhibit higher capacitance, remanent polarization, and FCC but lower coercive voltage, loss tangent, and built-in potential as compared to the film annealed at 550 °C. Thus, high temperature annealing enhances (110) orientation and suppresses the pyrochlore phase in the films which helps in improving the electrical properties.In this work, the relationship between annealing temperature, crystallographic orientation, and electrical properties of Pb0.95La0.05Zr0.54Ti0.46O3 thin films was investigated. The films (∼210 nm) were prepared using a chemical solution deposition method and annealed in the temperature range of 550–750 °C. From the x-ray diffraction results, it was observed that high temperature annealing (650 and 750 °C) resulted in films having a mixed orientation of (110) and (001) with no pyrochlore phase, whereas low temperature annealing (550 °C) resulted in films with mixed phases. The ferroelectric properties of the films were studied using a metal/ferroelectric/metal model. The capacitance–voltage curves were used to calculate the free carrier concentration (FCC) and built-in potential. The annealing temperature was observed to control the orientation, which in turn affects the electrical properties. Films annealed at higher temperature exhibit higher capacitance, remanent polarization, and FCC but lower coercive...
Fuel effects on interacting triple flame propagation velocities

Abstract Triple flame propagation velocities have been characterized in the literature as a function of equivalence ratio gradient and flame curvature to better understand flame propagation through a single fuel–air mixing layer. Turbulent partially-premixed flowfields, however, can produce regions which have multiple stoichiometric locations, and therefore multiple edge flames. Previous work with partially-premixed ethylene has shown that these multiple flames can interact resulting in even larger propagation speeds. In this paper, propagation velocities for interacting triple flames of partially-premixed methane and propane were measured with different levels of triple flame interaction. For both fuels, the interacting triple flames propagate faster than a single triple flame with similar equivalence ratio gradients. The interacting triple flames can be described with an effective curvature, allowing the linear relationship between propagation speed and curvature from single triple flames to be used to describe the interacting flame speed. The aerodynamic effects of the interaction maximize the propagation speed and achieve the theoretical maximum velocity for single triple flames. For all fuels studied, the interacting flames reach this asymptotic limiting propagation speed and no significant effects are observed due to the variations in fuel diffusivity.
Expanding the potential window of aqueous electrochemical capacitors with binder-free electrostatically sprayed manganese oxide composite cathode films

In this study, three binder-free manganese oxide-carbon nanotube (MnOx-CNT) composite films were synthesized using electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and evaluated as electrochemical capacitor (EC) electrodes in aqueous media. The MnOx-CNT 9-1 composition exhibited superior electrochemical performance as compared to both the pristine MnOx and MnOx-CNT 8-2 composite films, exhibiting a high specific capacitance of 281 F g−1 in addition to excellent rate handling and cyclability. In order to investigate the practical viability of the MnOx-CNT 9-1 electrodes, a comprehensive two-electrode analysis was performed using activated carbon (AC) counter electrodes for different mass ratios to obtain optimal energy-power trade-off. The asymmetric capacitor with the AC electrode with a mass 2.6 times that of the MnOx-CNT 9-1 electrode exhibited the best energy-power characteristics reaching a maximal gravimetric energy density of 30.3 Wh kg−1; the excellent electrochemical performance of the asymmetric capacitor is attributed to the wider cell voltage of 2V as well as the high gravimetric capacitance of the ESD- based MnOx-CNT composite cathode.
Fabrication and characterization of furnace oxidized vanadium dioxide thin films

Abstract Vanadium dioxide thin films have been prepared on lightly doped silicon substrates via the electron beam evaporation of pure vanadium and subsequent furnace oxidation in an oxygen environment at 300 °C. The as-fabricated thin films exhibit a phase transition at 68 °C, a 26% change in transmittance at a near-infrared wavelength of λ = 2.5 μm, and a 17% change in transmittance at a mid-infrared wavelength of λ = 10 μm with temperature. The composition of the VO2 has been investigated using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The morphology and thicknesses of the thin films have been characterized using atomic force microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is employed to investigate the temperature-dependent optical properties of the prepared VO2 thin films. The dielectric constants of the insulating and metallic VO2 are fitted to a Lorentz model and dispersion model, respectively. Furthermore the heating and cooling curves of the prepared films are presented, showing a transition range of 57 °C to 77 °C upon heating and a transition range of 37 °C to 57 °C upon cooling. Lastly, the temperature-dependent filling fraction of the prepared films is determined and a model for the optical properties of the fabricated VO2 in phase transition is presented.
The Hrq1 helicase stimulates Pso2 translesion nuclease activity to promote DNA inter-strand crosslink repair

Abstract DNA inter-strand crosslink (ICL) repair requires a complicated network of DNA damage response pathways. Removal of these lesions is vital as they are physical barriers to essential DNA processes that require the separation of duplex DNA, such as replication and transcription. The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway is the principle mechanism for ICL repair in metazoans and is coupled to replication. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a degenerate FA pathway is present, but ICLs are predominantly repaired by a pathway involving the Pso2 nuclease that is hypothesized to digest through the lesion to provide access for translesion polymerases. However, Pso2 lacks translesion nuclease activity in vitro, and mechanistic details of this pathway are lacking, especially relative to FA. We recently identified the Hrq1 helicase, a homolog of the disease-linked RECQL4, as a novel component of Pso2-mediated ICL repair. Here, we show that Hrq1 stimulates the Pso2 nuclease in a mechanism that requires Hrq1 catalytic activity. Importantly, Hrq1 also stimulates Pso2 translesion nuclease activity through a site-specific ICL in vitro. Stimulation of Pso2 nuclease activity is specific to eukaryotic RecQ4 subfamily helicases, and Hrq1 likely interacts with Pso2 through their N-terminal domains. These results advance our understanding of FA-independent ICL repair and establish a role for the RecQ4 helicases in the repair of these dangerous lesions.
Left ventricular retraining in corrected transposition: Relationship between pressure and mass.

Abstract Background A subset of patients with corrected transposition of the great arteries (CC-TGA) will require left ventricular (LV) retraining before undergoing a double-switch procedure. LV retraining results in an immediate increase in LV pressure but not in LV mass. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between LV pressure and mass during LV retraining. Methods This was a retrospective review of 36 patients with CC-TGA who were enrolled in LV retraining. The median age at enrollment was 12 months. The majority (82%) had an Ebstenoid tricuspid valve or moderate to severe tricuspid valve regurgitation before pulmonary artery banding. Results Twenty-seven of the 36 patients underwent LV retraining and a double switch, including 14 patients with a single pulmonary artery band (PAB), 12 patients with 2 PABs, and 1 patient with 3 PABs. There was no early or late mortality associated with these procedures. Ninety percent of the patients demonstrated a linear relationship between LV pressure and mass; however, 3 patients (10%) demonstrated a different LV retraining pattern characterized by excess LV mass compared to LV pressure. Two of these 3 patients are LV retraining failures, whereas the third patient did undergo a double switch. Conclusions The data show that the majority of patients enrolled in LV retraining have a predictable relationship between LV mass and pressure. A minority demonstrate an excess accrual of mass with respect to pressure load. These results suggest there may be an important distinction between normal and pathological hypertrophy during the LV retraining process.
Chapter 99 – Fire Ants

Publisher Summary This chapter concerns fire ants. These reddish brown ants are well known for their aggressiveness and stings that produce a burning sensation. The term fire ant actually applies to a group of New World ant species in the genus Solenopsis. All fire ants in the genus Solenopsis can be separated from all other ants by having two segments in their narrow waists and antennae with 10 segments. Their workers are polymorphic, ranging in size from small to large. Fire ant venom consists mainly of piperidine alkaloids, which are highly unusual as animal by-products and are found only in the ant genera Solenopsis and Monomorium. The venom also contains a small amount of protein (<1%) that can cause anaphylactic shock in susceptible individuals. Fire ant alkaloids have hemolytic, phytotoxic, antibiotic, and insecticidal activity. When fire ants encounter other ant species, they vibrate their gasters (abdomens) and protruded stingers, spraying their venom and chasing away most other ants. There are many insecticides that control fire ants. Baits are advantageous because it is not necessary to find the mounds; ants carry the bait back to their nests. Most fire ant baits consist of corncob grits coated with soybean oil as an attractant.
Bicavitary eosinophilic effusion in a dog with coccidioidomycosis.

This is a case of coccidioidomycosis in a dog, examined for vomiting and labored breathing. Physical examination and thoracic and abdominal imaging revealed pleural and peritoneal effusions, both of which exhibited neutrophilic inflammation with a substantial eosinophilic component. The dog had positive IgM and IgG coccidioidomycosis titers at initial evaluation. The eosinophilic component of the inflammation was attributed to coccidioidomycosis. The dog underwent approximately 6 months of fluconazole treatment, with both effusions and clinical signs improving after 6 weeks. Three months after cessation of antifungal treatment, the dog developed a mid-diaphyseal lytic and proliferative lesion in the left radius caused by Coccidioides spp. This case illustrates the importance of consideration of coccidioidomycosis when an eosinophilic cavitary effusion is present in dogs that live in or have traveled to endemic regions.
Ten-day decitabine with venetoclax (DEC10-VEN) in AML and high-risk (HR) MDS.

7519Background: VEN-based low intensity regimens have shown promise in older pts with newly diagnosed (ND) AML. We hypothesized that adding VEN to 10-day (d) DEC may improve outcomes in AML and HR ...
Legal Information in Special Education: Accuracy with Transparency

This article presents a tool for systematic consideration of the accuracy of the legal contents of publications in special education. The tool is a two-dimensional grid with one axis having three o...
Getting a grip on the gripers: Curmudgeon personality's relationships with job attitudes and employee well-being

Abstract Some people are curmudgeons—they dislike most things. Individual differences in curmudgeon personality are assessed by having respondents provide evaluations of heterogeneous sets of everyday objects. Prior research has found that curmudgeon personality is distinct from more established personality traits and is related to various attitudes—particularly job and consumer attitudes. We extend that research by examining curmudgeon personality as a predictor of a broader set of job attitudes (i.e., job satisfaction, organizational satisfaction, affective commitment) and employee well-being variables (i.e., job-related affective well-being, life satisfaction, physical health) than has been examined within prior research. And whereas prior research has relied solely upon self-reports of criteria, we incorporate informant-reports of criteria to better explain the predictive validity of curmudgeon personality. Using 328 worker-informant pairs, we found that curmudgeon personality consistently predicted both self-reported and informant-reported criteria after the effects of more established personality traits (i.e., the Five Factor Model characteristics and trait affectivity) were controlled. These findings suggest that curmudgeon personality's may have important effects on the well-being of the person and these relationships are not simply the result of common-method bias. As such, curmudgeon personality may contribute unique insights into the dispositional basis of important outcomes.
Financial Analysis of Dalbavancin for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections for Self-Pay Patients

Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) are an increasing cause of admission in the self-pay population. We previously reported that patients with ABSSSI discharged to receive dalbavancin showed a decreased length of stay (LOS) and total direct costs without increasing 30-day readmission rate. For patients who are financially eligible, a dalbavancin vial replacement program can offset costs. The objective of this study was to determine cost differences in treating ABSSSI in self-pay inpatients discharged to receive dalbavancin compared to standard of care (SOC). This retrospective cohort within a community health system compared self-pay adult inpatients with ABSSSI from February 3, 2016 to August 5, 2019 discharged to receive dalbavancin at an outpatient infusion center with SOC intravenous antibiotics. Patients were included with cellulitis, abscess, or postoperative wound infections diagnoses on the basis of International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes. Excluded populations were patients without dalbavancin vial replacement performed, pregnant, infections caused exclusively by gram-negative bacteria or fungi, or ICD-10 codes not consistent with ABSSSI. The primary outcome was direct cost of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rates, adverse events (AE), and indirect hospital costs. On the basis of previous studies, a one-sided Student’s t test was performed on financial data. Twelve dalbavancin and 263 SOC patients met inclusion criteria. Direct cost ($2758 vs $4010, p = 0.105) and indirect hospital cost ($2913 vs $3646 , p = 0.162) per patient were less in the dalbavancin group. There was no significant difference between median LOS (4 vs 4, p = 0.888), AE (0% vs 14.8%), and 30-day readmission rates for dalbavancin vs SOC group (8.3% vs 7.2%, p = 0.604). Self-pay patients with ABSSSI discharged to receive dalbavancin with vial replacement resulted in decreased direct and indirect costs per patient with similar 30-day readmission rates, AE, and LOS. More studies targeted toward this population are warranted to determine ultimate benefit.
The persistent associations between early institutional care and diurnal cortisol outcomes among children adopted internationally.

Young children in institutional care experience conditions that are incompatible with their needs for attachment relationships. As a result, early institutionalization is expected to have lasting effects on the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The current study tested whether early institutionalization has persistent consequences for diurnal HPA axis outcomes among 130 children who had been adopted internationally between the ages of 6 and 48 months. Daily cortisol samples were collected from children at two time points: shortly after adoption (average of 5.3 months after adoption) and approximately 3 years later (average of 39.2 months after adoption). Shortly after adoption, children who had experienced a long duration of institutional care had lower morning cortisol levels and more blunted declines in cortisol across the day than children who experienced minimal or no institutional care. Three years later, children who had experienced a long duration of institutionalization continued to exhibit low morning cortisol levels and also exhibited low bedtime cortisol levels. Altogether, these results support the idea that early adversity results in the downregulation of the HPA axis and suggest that the effects of institutionalization on HPA axis functioning may persist several years after children are adopted into highly enriched families.
Comparing tracheostomy techniques: Bjork flap vs. tracheal window

Abstract Objectives Various operative techniques are used to perform tracheostomies. The objective of this study was to evaluate patient factors that influence the decision to perform a Bjork flap or a window. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients who underwent tracheostomies from January 2015 to December 2019 at a tertiary care medical center. All patients underwent tracheostomy with either a Bjork flap or a window. Charts were reviewed for demographics, comorbidities, indication for tracheostomy, operative details, and complications. Results A total of 217 tracheostomies were evaluated, of which 104 (47.9%) had a Bjork flap and 113 (52.1%) had a window. Bjork flap was significantly more likely to be performed in patients with a higher average body mass index (p = 0.05), requiring ventilatory support (p = 0.0001), or had a stroke (p = 0.0140). A window was used significantly more in patients with prior neck dissection (p = 0.0110) or neck radiation (p Conclusion Bjork flaps were more likely to be performed in those with a history of prolonged mechanical ventilation and elevated body mass index. Windows were performed more frequently in patients with a head and neck cancer history. Future prospective studies are needed to compare the outcomes of these techniques and their impacts on the trachea long term.
Legal Issues and the Need to Engineer Positioning Systems for Protection of Privacy and Personal Security

Precise historical and real-time positioning of people and things supports efficient environments, especially for Smart Cities. From GPS/DGPS to context-aware systems, from mobile to commercial systems, these improve human experiences, improving logistics, commercial and social engagement, and access to services. Especially with smartphones, whose locational services and intimacy with users make the penultimate tracking device. The power and security of positioning systems create challenges to privacy and the security of people under that umbrella. These range from injury from data misuse by malicious parties to injuries from reliance on insecure, compromised data. We discuss regulations that guide the engineering of these systems in compliance with law, ethics and social values, present and future. That compliance will better protect those whose lives are affected by positioning systems.