cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Case: Determining Playing Eleven of a Cricket Team

Cricket is a bat-and-ball team sport, played by two teams with eleven players on each side. Recently, a new format of cricket called 'Twenty20' T20 was introduced, which has increased the excitement, fan following, and business opportunities in cricket. In 2008, Indian Premier League IPL was created with eight city-based franchises. Two more franchises were added in 2010. The focus of this case is on the selection of the playing eleven for the team Kolkata Knight Riders KKR, the most valued brand name among IPL franchises. Thirty five players were on the KKR team roster in the first two editions of the IPL. Unlike many other sports, the playing eleven cannot be changed in a cricket game once the game starts. The case aims to strengthen students' ability to mathematically formulate a real life "yes-or-no" type decision. Binary Integer Programming BIP is a suitable choice for modeling "yes-or-no" type decisions. The case, if provided with International Cricket Council ICC rankings data and in-house point system, will be appropriate for an undergraduate level management science/operations research class. The same case will be suitable at graduate level, if students are expected to gather ICC rankings data and build in-house point system. There are competing constraints that would lead to discussions about infeasibility. The case also points out the importance of interpretation of the solution and user friendliness of the model from an end user's perspective.
Guest editorial: special issue on learning theory

This special issue collects some of the most notable learning theory papers of 2008, which were chosen from the Conference on Learning Theory (COLT). The diversity of problems addressed in these papers reflects the significant progress being made in our theoretical understanding of the foundations of learning at both a computational and statistical level— topics include active learning, ranking, stability, graphical models, computational learning, to name a few. The best student paper, by Balcan, Hanneke, and Wortman, provides a novel analysis of active learning, showing how in a variety of settings substantial asymptotic improvements are always possible under active learning. Shalev-Shwartz and Singer utilize an elegant minimax interpretation of boosting to provide more efficient and robust boosting algorithms. In a regret minimization setting, Hazan and Kale provide an algorithm which achieves even less regret when the variation in experts is low (thus making another connection to our concentration inequalities, particular those which utilize variance properties of random variables). Ailon and Mohri provide an efficient reduction of ranking with a classification algorithm: the simple algorithm cleverly uses binary classifiers with a QuickSort algorithm. Shamir and Tishby provide a general characterization of the stability of the widely-used k-means algorithm, whose analysis identifies the factors which influence the stability of clustering algorithms. Kleinberg, Niculescu-Mizil, and Sharma provide online algorithms where the action set (of the experts) is time varying. These algorithms are shown to be optimal in that they match the information theoretic lower bounds. Blais, O’Donnell, and Wimmer
Magnetic dipole moment of the deuteron and the d-state components

Abstract The magnetic dipole moment of the deuteron is calculated with baryon resonances in the ground state, as estimated from high-energy proton scattering. It is shown that corrections to the traditional result can be obtained of the order of magnitude to explain the present discrepancy.
Reactions of Pd on (100) and (110) GaAs surfaces

The reactions of Pd on atomically clean or air‐exposed (100) and (110) GaAs surfaces at temperatures between 20 to 500 °C in different ambients were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Interfacial reactions quite different from previous x‐ray results were observed and two new Pd‐Ga‐As ternary phases were identified for the first time. At lower temperatures (T≲250 °C) the formation of a ternary phase PdGa∼0.3As∼0.2, which has a hexagonal structure very similar to that of Pd2Ge or Pd2Si with a0=b0=0.672 nm and c0=0.340 nm, was observed. This ternary phase is epitaxially oriented with (120)ternary∥(100)GaAs and [001]ternary∥[011]GaAs on (100) GaAs substrates, and with (110)ternary∥(110)GaAs and [001]ternary∥[110]GaAs on (110) GaAs substrates. At temperatures between 350 and 500 °C only one phase, PdGa, was observed to form in a high vacuum environment, whereas in a forming gas ambient, either a mixture of PdAs2 and another ternary phase PdGa∼0.6As∼0.4 (at 350 °C) or a mixture of PdAs2 and Pd...
Methanol Steam Reforming in Pd−Ag Membrane Reactors: Effects of Reaction System Species on Transmembrane Hydrogen Flux

The objective of this study is to understand and quantify the effects of the reactant and product species of the methanol steam reforming reaction (CH 3 OH, H 2 O, CO 2 , CO) on the H 2 flux through a Pd 77 Ag 23 membrane. Various concentrations of said gases along with H 2 were fed to a membrane separator apparatus containing a 3.9 μm thick Pd—Ag (23 wt % Ag) "nanopore" membrane. The decrease in H 2 flux through the membrane due to the presence of these gases was quantified at different temperatures (225-300 °C) and pressures (3―5 bar). The data show that CO causes the largest drop in H 2 flux while H 2 O has the least effect. A mechanistically based adsorption and reaction model was developed to quantify the fractional surface coverages of the non-H 2 species. Estimates of surface parameters such as adsorption equilibrium constants and binding energies are consistent with literature values. The adsorption model was incorporated into a two-dimensional separator model that accounted for concentration polarization (radial transport) effects. The model simulations successfully captured most of the trends in the flux data. The developed flux model is suitable for incorporation into a Pd-Ag membrane reactor model in order to evaluate the potential of a methanol membrane reformer for coupled hydrogen generation and purification.
Paraneoplastic movement disorder in a patient with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and CRMP‐5 autoantibody

The paraneoplastic autoantibody, collapsin response-mediator protein (CRMP)-5 immunoglobulin G (IgG), is specific for neuronal cytoplasmic CRMP-5, and is usually associated with small-cell lung carcinoma or thymoma. We report on details of a movement disorder that followed anti-B-cell therapy in a patient with lymphoma, and was accompanied by CRMP-5 IgG.
Leadership Development for Faculty Women at The Ohio State University: The President and Provost’s Leadership Institute

The Problem.Universities struggle to create cultures that provide a welcoming home for women and underrepresented minorities. Department chairs often emerge reluctantly from among the faculty and are ill prepared to engage faculty and staff to achieve deep culture change, yet their role is vital if such change is to occur.The Solution.Recognizing a need for a completely new type of leader, Ohio State created the President and Provost’s Leadership Institute (PPLI) to develop a pool of women and underrepresented minority faculty who might move into leadership positions.The Stakeholders.The PPLI can provide a useful template for HRD practitioners who wish to tailor leadership development and succession planning strategies to address higher education’s unique culture and leadership pool challenges. For institutions interested in broadening the diversity of individuals prepared to lead, and developing leaders prepared to lead change, the PPLI is an example of one successful approach.
The Perils of Control: Affiliated Liability under the WARN Act

In these uncertain economic times, announcements of mass layoffs and plant closings punctuate the news. Not surprisingly, in the last quarter of 2001, there were 2698 mass layoffs resulting in the separation of 500,925 workers from their jobs. In the first half of 2002, the U.S. Department of Labor estimated that of the 3503 mass layoffsFresulting in approximately 725,839 workers losing their jobsFover twenty percent of the layoff events were due to internal company restructuring characterized by ‘‘bankruptcy, business ownership change, financial difficulty and reorganization.’’ Most recently, the nation’s unemployment rate ‘‘shot up to 6.4 percent in June, the highest level in more than nine years.’’ Under the Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN Act), employers with 100 or more employees are required to provide workers with sixty-day advance notice before ordering a plant closing or mass layoff.
Fluoride ions at the Cu–fluoropolymer interface

Nanometer thick films of sputtered and evaporated Cu were deposited on the surfaces of the fluoropolymers poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoropropyl vinyl ether) (PFA) and studied by both angle-resolved XPS at takeoff angles of 10°, 45° and 80° and in situ argon ion etching. Higher yields of the fluoride ion to fluoropolymer ratio were detected for sputtered than evaporated Cu. PFA and FEP show enhanced interaction with sputtered Cu to produce fluoride ions relative to the more polycrystalline PTFE. At intermediate depths (takeoff angle of 45°), PFA and FEP exhibit the strongest fluoride F 1s signals compared with the fluoropolymer peaks. The amount of fluoride ion detected reaches a maximum after brief Ar ion etching and then decreases with prolonged etching. Compared with untreated fluoropolymers, improved adhesion of evaporated Cu was observed on the fluoropolymer surfaces that were argon ion etched to expose fluoride ions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Niche diversity in crustacean cryptic species: complementarity in spatial distribution and predation risk

Recent genetic studies indicate that species with very close phenotypic similarity ("cryptic species") are a common feature of nature, and that such cryptic species often coexist in communities. Because traditional views of species coexistence demand that species differ in phenotype to coexist stably, the existence of sympatric cryptic species appears to challenge traditional perspectives of coexistence. We evaluated niche diversity in three recently discovered species of Hyalella amphipods that occur sympatrically in lakes and share close phenotypic similarity. We found that, in some cases, these species exhibited strong complementary spatial distributions within the littoral zone of lakes, both across a distance-from-shore gradient, and a vertical depth gradient. Additionally, we compared fish stomach contents with habitat samples and found that species differed in their vulnerability to predation from sunfish (Lepomis spp.). Complementarity among species across axes of spatial distribution and predation risk, two important niche components, suggests that species with close phenotypic similarity may differ appreciably along ecologically relevant axes. Our results, considered in the light of previous studies, suggest a community structured by predator-mediated coexistence or sequential dominance across environmental gradients in the littoral zone.
Validation of the ADHD Rating Scale as a clirlician administered and scored instrument

There are several parent- and teacher-scored rating scales that are validated and available for assessing the severity of ADHD symptoms in pediatric populations. However, we are not aware of any symptom severity rating scales with published validation results when administered and scored by clinicians following a semi-structured interview with the parent or guardian.In a recent clinical trial, in order to have consistency in assessing entry severity criteria and changes in symptom severity over time across patients, we used the ADHD Rating Scale, administered and scored by trained clinicians. Using data from this trial, we assessed the validity and reliability of the ADHD Rating Scale when completed by trained clinicians based on interviews with parents.Results Indicate that this version of the scale has acceptable levels of inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and responsiveness. The psychometric properties were comparable to ...
Predicting the quality of sound pickup using microphone arrays

This paper addresses the problem of predicting audio quality for speech pickup using a linear microphone array. Computer simulations using the image method are used to show that the low reverberation typical of a small room does not affect speech intelligibility. A linear array steered for spherical waves is shown to produce substantial increases in predicted listener preference. The inability of the array to maintain these increases over all source positions in the room is attributed to the limited range resolution of a delay-and-sum steered linear array.
Pareto‐Improving Contracts for Express Package Delivery Services

We address the problem of an express package delivery company in structuring a long-term customer contract whose terms may include prices that differ by day-of-week and by speed-of-service. The company traditionally offered speed-of-service pricing to its customers, but without day-of-week differentiation, resulting in customer demands with considerable day-of-week seasonality. The package delivery company hoped that using day-of-week and speed-of-service price differentiation for contract customers would induce these customers to adjust their demands to become counter-cyclical to the non-contract demand. Although this usually cannot be achieved by pricing alone, we devise an approach that utilizes day-of-week and speed-of-service pricing as an element of a Pareto-improving contract. The contract provides the lowest-cost arrangement for the package delivery company while ensuring that the customer is at least as well off as he would have been under the existing pricing structure. The contract pricing smoothes the package delivery company's demand and reduces peak requirements for transport capacity. The latter helps to decrease capital costs, which may allow a further price reduction for the customer. We formulate the pricing problem as a biconvex optimization model, and present a methodology for designing the contract and numerical examples that illustrate the achievable savings.
Methylation analysis of cell wall glycoproteins and glycopeptides from Chlamydomonas reinhardii

Abstract Cell wall glycoproteins from Chlamydomonas reinhardii and the glycopeptides produced by the action of thermolysin were subjected to standard methylation analysis. GC-MS of the methylated alditol acetates revealed short oligosaccharides some of which show branching. O-glycosidically linked galactofuranosyl residues are present. The asymmetric distribution of the major O-glycosidic linkages is also reported.
Rigid point registration circuits

In 1996 Freeborough proposed a method for estimating target registration error (TRE) in the absence of ground truth. In his approach, a circuit of registrations is performed using the same registration method on multiple views of the same object: 1 to 2, 2 to 3, …, Nc –1 to Nc , and Nc to 1 where Nc is at least three and the last registration completes the circuit. Any difference between the original and final positions, which we call the “Circuit TRE” or TREc, indicates that at least one step in the registration method suffers from TRE. To estimate the mean single-step error, Freeborough proposed the formula, True TRE = k × TREc, and suggested that k = 1/square-root-of-Nc. Multiple articles have employed Freeborough’s approach to estimate the accuracy of intensity-based registration methods with various values of k, but no theoretical analysis of the expected accuracy of such estimates has been attempted for any registration method. As a first step in this direction, the current work provides such an analysis for the method of rigid point registration, also known as fiducial registration. The analysis, which is validated via computer simulation, reveals that for point registration Freeborough’s formula greatly underestimates TRE. The simulations further reveal that, to an excellent approximation, True TRE = k ×square-root-of-TREc, where k depends not only on the number of points but also on their configuration. We investigate the usefulness of this formula as a means to estimate true TRE. We find that it is less reliable than a standard formula published in 1998.
Establishing a distance education program: pedagogical preparation

Establishing a distance education program in software engineering is an intricate task. Educators must deal with technology, people, organizations, states, countries, intellectual property, billing, content, course delivery evaluation, etc. The team must put all these pieces together into a coherent, efficient system and support a new production for every course run. Of these educational intricacies, my professional focus has been on pedagogy-the art and science of teaching. In this paper, I articulate and justify a set of pedagogical guidelines for distance education in software engineering based on the literature and my professional experience.
Settleable and airborne particles in industrial environments

Data taken from two separate programs designed to characterize and measure particulate content in industrial environments are presented and examined. This testing was undertaken to aid in understanding what is encountered by business machines installed in these environments. The method of collecting and analyzing the data obtained from a selection of industrial sites in the Chicago, Illinois area is presented. The application of data to the design and evaluation of a magnet sensor for use in these environments is illustrated. Settleable contamination was analyzed in six different manufacturing industries: heavy machinery, stainless steel sinks, motor vehicles, electrical connectors, and steel sheet metal stamping. The intent of the second sampling program was to monitor a diverse spectrum of industries with moderate-to-severe particulate environments. The particulate environment characterization covered five types of industry: steel, textiles, paper, railroads, and metal products manufacturers. Each site is listed with the sampling locations noted and quantitative and qualitative data tabulated for the locations. >
Enhanced calcium signaling and acid secretion in parietal cells isolated from gastrin-deficient mice

Gastrin-deficient mice have impaired basal and agonist-stimulated gastric acid secretion. To analyze whether an intrinsic parietal cell defect contributed to the reduced acid secretion, we analyzed...
Determination of molecular weight for poly(vinyl butyral)using size exclusion chromatography/low-angle laser light scattering (SEC/LALLS) in hexafluoroisopropanol

Size exclusion chromatography/low-angle laser light-scattering (SEC/LALLS) determinations of molecular weight for poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) using hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as the polymer solvent and chromatographic mobile phase are described. The use of HFIP provided aggregate-free SEC/LALLS chromatograms from which molecular weight distribution averages were calculated. Comparison of SEC/LALLS molecular weights determined in HFIP with similar data obtained using tetrahydrofuran as the polymer solvent and chromatographic mobile phase indicated that the former is more generally applicable for PVB of different vinyl alcohol content.
Electron and hole trapping in doped oxides

An electron paramagnetic resonance, thermally stimulated current, and capacitance-voltage study has been carried out on phosphorus (PSG), boron (BSG), and boron and phosphorus (BPSG) co-doped oxide films on Si. The principal spin-active defects are the phosphorus-oxygen-bole-center (POHC) and the boron-oxygen-hole-center (BOHC), which are unpaired electrons on oxygen atoms with P or B in the near vicinity. The centers are activated by hole capture. We find that holes are trapped in the PSG, BSG, and BPSG dielectrics; however, hole trapping is most effective in the PSG and BPSG dielectrics. We find that electrons are trapped to differing extents in the doped films. The BPSG films are the most efficient in trapping electrons the PSG films are the least efficient. The electrical data can be explained by assuming that the precursor to the BOHC is negatively charged and the precursor to the POHC is electrically neutral. Last, the charge trapping properties of PSG, BSG, and BPSG dielectrics are compared and contrasted with those observed in thermally grown oxides.
The parallel implementation of a cascade adaptive identification algorithm

This note presents a new method of parameter estimation, called cascading, for use in adaptive control. The algorithm is shown to be superior to a simple recursive least-squares estimator especially for a system characterized by noisy measurements. The algorithm can be implemented easily on a parallel processor such as ORAC [1], [2] or any sequential processor. When the algorithm is implemented on a parallel processor such as ORAC the real time used to compute the parameter estimates is of the same order as a recursive least-squares estimator.
The Society of Behavioral Medicine position statement on the CMS decision memo on intensive behavior therapy for obesity

In 2011, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a decision to cover intensive behavior therapy for obesity in the primary care setting. The Society of Behavioral Medicine (SBM) Public Policy Leadership Group reviewed the CMS decision and has issued a position statement. SBM is in support of the CMS decision to cover intensive behavior therapy for obesity but expresses significant concern that aspects of the decision will severely limit the impact of the decision. Concerns focus on the degree to which this care can be feasibly implemented in its current form given the limitations in providers who are covered and the short length of counseling visits relative to evidence-based protocols. SBM is in strong support of modifications that would include providers who have expertise in weight control (e.g., psychologists and dietitians) and to expand the treatment time to better match protocols with confirmed efficacy.
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) floristic associations in Pennsylvania: guidance for identifying calcium-rich forest farming sites

In the eastern United States, there is interest among forest landowners in American ginseng husbandry, and particularly in cultivating this plant on forestlands using a wild-simulated forest farming approach. This study documented the flora and soil conditions associated with wild and wild-simulated ginseng populations throughout Pennsylvania (PA) to develop floristic “indicators” that can be used to identify supportive growing sites on forestlands. A total of 243 plant species were documented associates of ginseng across PA: 32 over-story trees, 37 shrubs and understory trees, 15 vines, 143 herbs, and 16 ferns. Statistical analysis revealed a largely shared floristic assemblage throughout the state although some associates did differ according to region and physiographic province. Previous studies have suggested that a soil calcium content, especially soils having at least 3,360 kg ha−1 (3,000 lbs ac), appear to be particularly conducive to wild and wild-simulated ginseng occurrence and/or vigor, and indicator species analysis in this study revealed that three of the top plant associates that can be used for determining sites that meet this calcium threshold in PA are white ash, Jack-in-the-pulpit, and rattlesnake fern. These results suggest that successful adoption of wild-simulated ginseng forest farming is likely to be improved in forested areas where these species are found collectively as a dominant component of local plant assemblages.
Position of Developing Replacement Teeth in Teleosts

Abstract Most osteichthyans continuously replace their teeth throughout their lifetimes. Replacement teeth may develop in the soft tissue outside the bone to which they will attach (“extraosseous”) or in sockets within the bone (“intraosseous”) beneath their functional predecessor. This paper presents a systematic documentation of the position of developing replacement teeth in teleost fishes, based upon a literature review and examination of modern skeletal material. Plotting the distribution of this character on a cladogram of teleost phylogeny indicates that extraosseous development of replacement teeth is plesiomorphic. Intraosseous development, the derived state, has evolved in at least three clades: in branchial and palatal dentitions of the elopiform Albula; in oral dentitions of several characiforms; and in oral and/or pharyngeal dentitions of various acanthopterygians, especially many perciforms. Two interrelated changes are necessary for the evolution of this derived state: replacement teeth mus...
The use of tannic acid in microtubule research.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes a fixation method using tannic acid with glutaraldehyde for the study of microtubule structure and provides mechanism of the effect tannic acid. Various applications of the use of tannic acid to other ultrastructural studies are also discussed. Tannic acid is a natural product and a mixture of many types of polyphenolic compounds. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain various effects of tannic acid observed in electron micrographs. Tannic acid acts as a fixative because it causes polypeptides with more than nine amino acids to precipitate, if the pH is optimally controlled. These polypeptides that precipitate with tannic acid are probably not covalently crosslinked because the precipitates can be resolubilized by altering pH or by removing tannic acid by dialysis. Covalent crosslinking may not occur in the biological specimen treated with tannic acid; tannic acid can stabilize certain biological structures, such as many types of membranes, interstitial structures, and isolated tubulin paracrystals induced by vinblastine.
AppGrouper: Knowledge-based Interactive Clustering Tool for App Search Results

A relatively new feature in Google Play Store presents mobile app search results grouped by topic, helping users to quickly navigate and explore. The underlying Search Results Clustering (SRC) system faces several challenges, including grouping search results in topical coherent clusters as well as finding the appropriate level of granularity for clustering. We present AppGrouper, an alternative approach to algorithmic-only solutions, incorporating human input in a knowledge-graph-based clustering process. AppGrouper provides an interactive interface that lets domain experts steer the clustering process in early, mid, and late stages. We deployed and evaluated AppGrouper with internal experts. We found that AppGroup improved quality of algorithm-generated app clusters on 56 out of 82 search queries. We also found that the internal experts made more changes in early and mid stages for lower-quality algorithmic results, focusing more on narrow queries. Our result suggests, in some contexts, machine learning systems can greatly benefit from steering from human experts, creating a symbiotic working relationship.
Metabolism of Pathogenic Bacteria Growing Under Aerobic Conditions in Carbohydrate-rich Culture Media.∗:

Summary and ConclusionsDiplococcus pneumoniœ, Eberthella typhosa, and Escherichia coli were grown 24 hours at 37.5°C in meat infusion or meat extract culture medium enriched with 1% of peptone, 0.7 to 1.8% of Na2HPO4. 12 H2O, and 1% of glucose. The pneumococcus was grown under anaerobic as well as highly aerobic conditions. The principal products were lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, and ethyl alcohol. The last 3 products appeared in the approximate ratio of 2 to 1 to 1. The reactions representing their formation most likely are: Glucose → hexose diphosphate → 2 triosephosphate → glycerophosphate and phosphoglycerate. Glycerophosphate → C2H5OH + HCOOH. Phosphoglycerate → phosphopyruvate → CH3COOH + HCOOH. These are anaerobic mechanisms. Only a trace of CO2 was obtained from pneumococci.Rapidly growing bacteria may metabolize sugar almost entirely by anaerobic mechanisms when grown under relatively aerobic conditions. The same intermediary reactions are probably also utilized by microorganisms when g...
Preliminary observations on the value of raw and dried tomatoes as antiscorbutic foods for guinea pigs

The external signs of the nutritional failure known as experimental scurvy, which can be produced in young guinea pigs in 16-26 days by feeding a mixture consisting of whole soy bean flour, milk, yeast, paper puip, and inorganic salts,1 have not been encountered during a period of 75 days in which 10 gm. of raw tomatoes were added daily to the diet. If on the appearance of the clinical scorbutic manifestations attributable to the scurvy-producing diet, 10 gm. of raw tomatoes are added as a daily supplement, the symptoms will subside and the animals will be restored to health.Tomatoes dried in a blast of air either for 14-24 hours at 55-60° C. or for 36-44 hours at 35-40° C. retain some of their antiscorbutic property. This statement is based on the fact that young guinea pigs receiving a daily addition of 1 gm. of either of such dried products have grown and continued in apparently perfect health for a period three times as long as that within which the usual scorbutic symptoms appear.Further experiments ...
Systematic Review of Theory-Based Interventions Aimed at Increasing Physical Activity in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury

Background: Approximately 200 000 individuals have a spinal cord injury (SCI) and more than 12 000 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States. Lowered physical functioning caused by SCI...
Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of a Ru polypyridine phenothiazine dyad

Abstract A bipyridine phenothiazine ligand [(PTZEtv 2 bpy) and metal complexes [Ru(Ph 2 phen) 3 ] 2+ ( 1 ), [(Ph 2 phen) 2 Ru(PTZEtv 2 bpy)] 2+ ( 2 ), and [(PTZEtv 2 bpy)(Ph 2 phen)Ru(dpp)] 2+ ( 3 ) were synthesized and characterized, where Ph 2 phen is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, dpp is 2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine and PTZEtv 2 bpy is 4,4′ ethylene bridged phenothiazine 2,2′bipyridine. The reduction potentials of PTZEtv 2 bpy, 1 , 2 , and 3 were determined by cyclic and square wave voltammetric methods. The absorbance and emission spectra of complexes 2 and 3 yield intense, visible Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) transitions. The nanosecond transient absorption data indicate formation of both the 3 MLCT state and a ligand localized 3 PTZ state.
Study on Key Techniques of Web Mining for Personalized Information Reorganization and Distribution

The personalized information reorganization and distribution is an important part on Web personalization. Now the major problem of this domain is not lacking the tools for information reorganization and distribution, but re- quirinig the supporting techniques for them work effectively. This paper proposes an approach including: Stream data processing technique is imported in analyzing Web click stream, IP stream and text steam for studying users' behavior and requirement based on stream data mining. Ontology and domain knowledge is introduced in Web content mining for guiding the mining process. Users'behavior and requirement analysis based on Web stream data mininig is com- bined with Web content mininig under the guidance of domain knowledge for creating Web information pattern, user model and their relation. The study results are used for supporting effectively personalized information reorganization and distribution of Internet according to users'requirement.
Textbooks in Academic Libraries

ABSTRACTIn response to the rising costs of course materials, some academic libraries are evaluating and adjusting the ways in which they provide access to textbooks in all formats. Some popular initiatives include cultivating and promoting print textbook reserve collections, the acquisition of ebooks and etextbooks as alternatives to print, and Open Educational Resources (OERs). This column highlights initiatives at a variety of academic libraries designed to help mitigate the cost of course materials for students. Incorporating interviews and studies from the literature, projects at institutions such as North Carolina State University, George Mason University, and East Carolina University are highlighted, including some discussion of the challenges and benefits of each project.
2-deoxyglucose inhibits induction of chemokine expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and adipose tissue explants

Objective To determine the influence of glycolytic inhibition on the adipocyte inflammatory response. Methods To determine the effect of 2-deoxyglucose (2-DOG) on the inflammatory response, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were co-treated with 2-DOG and LPS or TNF. To determine the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress on TNF-induced induction of chemokines, adipocytes were pretreated with thapsigargin or salubrinal. Chemokine mRNA levels were determined using quantitative real-time PCR, and secretion of CCL2 was determined by Western blot. Results 2-DOG treatment reduced the ability of LPS and TNF to induce CCL2 mRNA levels and reduced secreted CCL2 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. A similar pattern of mRNA regulation was observed for other chemokines. The attenuation of TNF-induced CCL2 mRNA levels occurred regardless of whether glucose or pyruvate was present in the media, suggesting that mechanisms other than glycolysis might mediate the observed effects. Treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum stressor thapsigargin and the endoplasmic reticulum signaling activator salubrinal reduced chemokine mRNA levels similarly to 2-DOG. Conclusions Collectively, our data indicate that 2-DOG suppresses inflammatory chemokine induction in adipocytes. The effects of 2-DOG do not seem to be linked to glycolysis but correlate with endoplasmic reticulum stress activation.
A portable, low-power, wireless two-lead EKG system

Sensor devices ("motes") which integrate an embedded microprocessor, low-power radio and a limited amount of storage have the potential to significantly enhance the provision of emergency medical care. Wearable vital sign sensors can wirelessly monitor patient condition, alerting healthcare providers to changes in status while simultaneously delivering data to a backend archival system for longer-term storage. As part of the CodeBlue initiative at Harvard University, we previously developed a mote-based pulse oximetry module which gathers data from a noninvasive finger sensor and transmits it wirelessly to a base station. To expand the capabilities of the mote for healthcare applications we now introduce EKG on Mica2, the first custom-designed electrocardiograph sensor board to interface with this platform. We additionally present VitalEKG, a collection of software components which allow the capture and wireless transmission of heart activity traces. We present preliminary test results which validate our approach and suggest the feasibility of future enhancements.
Symmetric Gaussian interference channel with state information

In this paper, we study the state-dependent symmetric Gaussian interference channel, where the additive Gaussian state is non-causally known at both transmitters but unknown to either of the receivers. We apply the coding scheme in [5] with different dirty paper coding parameters. We study both strong and weak interference scenarios and characterize the theoretical gap between the achievable symmetric rate and the upper bound, which is shown to be less than 1/4 bit for the strong interference case and less than 3/4 bit for the weak interference case. Finally, we provide numerical evaluations of the achievable rates against the upper bound, which validates the theoretical analysis for both cases.
Flipper stroke rate and venous oxygen levels in free-ranging California sea lions

ABSTRACT The depletion rate of the blood oxygen store, development of hypoxemia and dive capacity are dependent on the distribution and rate of blood oxygen delivery to tissues while diving. Although blood oxygen extraction by working muscle would increase the blood oxygen depletion rate in a swimming animal, there is little information on the relationship between muscle workload and blood oxygen depletion during dives. Therefore, we examined flipper stroke rate, a proxy of muscle workload, and posterior vena cava oxygen profiles in four adult female California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus ) during foraging trips at sea. Flipper stroke rate analysis revealed that sea lions minimized muscle metabolism with a stroke–glide strategy when diving, and exhibited prolonged glides during the descent of deeper dives (>100 m). During the descent phase of these deep dives, 55±21% of descent was spent gliding, with the longest glides lasting over 160 s and covering a vertical distance of 340 m. Animals also consistently glided to the surface from 15 to 25 m depth during these deeper dives. Venous hemoglobin saturation ( S O 2 ) profiles were highly variable throughout dives, with values occasionally increasing during shallow dives. The relationship between S O 2 and flipper stroke rate was weak during deeper dives, while this relationship was stronger during shallow dives. We conclude that (1) the depletion of oxygen in the posterior vena cava in deep-diving sea lions is not dependent on stroke effort, and (2) stroke–glide patterns during dives contribute to a reduction of muscle metabolic rate.
Excimer Laser for the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Psoriasis

The 308 nm excimer laser is a targeted phototherapy modality for the treatment of psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and vitiligo. For psoriasis, the advantage of using the excimer laser is that because psoriasis plaques can take higher doses of light compared to normal skin, targeted treatment of lesions allows for use of higher doses of UVB. Higher doses of light permit quicker time to clearance of psoriasis lesions. Patients are treated two to three times per week with increasing doses as tolerated. Results are typically observed after 10–12 treatment sessions. Duration of remission is approximately 3–6 months. Side effects include erythema, burning, blistering, and hyperpigmentation.
Regulation of herpes simplex virus type 1 gene expression.

The Herpesviridae represent a large and diverse family of vertebrate pathogens and at least seven members of the group infect humans (Roixman 1990a). In this brief review, we shall discuss gene expression in herpes simplex virus (HSV) and point out those gene products which act as targets for the immune response.
RESIDENTS’ CHANGE IN SOCIALIZATION AND LONELINESS SINCE MOVING TO SENIOR HOUSING

It is frequently assumed older adults who move to senior housing communities (SHCs) will socialize more and be less lonely. The purpose of this study is to describe changes in residents’ frequency of socialization and loneliness since moving into senior housing, and to determine factors associated with these changes. Ninety-six older adults living in two SHCs completed cross-sectional surveys with items regarding changes in socialization and loneliness since moving into a SHC, age, education, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, years lived in the SHC, and distance to previous residence. Analyses for the current study include descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression models. Since moving into a SHC, twenty-five percent of residents had decreases in socializing with family, 20% had decreases in socializing with friends, 19% had decreases in level of companionship, 21% felt more left out, and 14% felt more isolated. Age, education, anxiety symptoms, and years living in the SHC were related to changes in socialization and loneliness in the multinomial logistic models. These analyses suggest a significant portion of older adults living in senior housing may socialize with friends and family less and feel lonelier after moving to senior housing. It is important to understand the reasons for decreasing social interactions and increasing loneliness after older residents move to senior housing, and how to intervene upon their behalf. Additional studies are needed to determine if these findings are consistent, and interventions should be developed to increase socializing and decrease loneliness among residents living in senior housing.
Alanine scan reveals modifiable residues in teixobactin

An alanine scan of Lys10-teixobactin reveals that a cationic residue at position 10 is not necessary for antibiotic activity and that position 3 tolerates substitution without loss of activity. An unexpected correlation between poor aqueous solubility and better antibiotic activity of the teixobactin analogues is observed.
Management of Stage I Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal.

Importance The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) is increasing. Although standard management of SCCAC includes the use of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy), data are lacking on potentially less morbid, alternative management strategies, such as local excision, among patients with node-negative T1 disease. Objectives To examine the use of local excision among patients with T1 SCCAC and to compare overall survival relative to those who received standard treatment with chemoradiotherapy. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cohort study assessed 2243 patients in the National Cancer Database (2004-2012) between 18 and 80 years of age with T1N0M0 SCCAC. The association between the type of treatment received and overall risk of death was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Data analysis was performed from June 29, 2016, to April 17, 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures Overall survival. Results Among 2243 patients with T1N0 SCCAC, 503 (22.4%) were treated with local excision alone (mean [SD] age, 54.5 [12.1] years; 240 [47.7%] male; 419 [83.3%] white) and 1740 with chemoradiotherapy (mean [SD] age, 57.0 [10.6] years; 562 [32.3%] male; 1547 [88.9%] white). Among those treated with chemoradiotherapy, 12 patients underwent a subsequent abdominoperineal resection. There was a statistically significant increase in the use of local excision during the study period (34 [17.3%] in 2004 to 68 [30.8%] in 2012; trend test,P Conclusions and Relevance The use of local excision alone for the management of T1N0 SCCAC has significantly increased over time, with no clear decrement in overall survival. Because local excision may represent a lower-cost, less morbid treatment option for select patients with SCCAC, future studies are needed to better delineate its role and efficacy relative to the current standard of chemoradiotherapy.
Cotton growth modeling using unmanned aerial vehicle vegetation indices

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images have great potential for agricultural researches because of their high spatial and temporal resolutions. However, most UAV researches in the agriculture field have adopted vegetation indices without second derivative parameters related with a growth model. In addition, visible band vegetation indices in UAV researches have not been explored in detail despite of their importance in UAV application. In this study, three RGB vegetation indices that showed good performance in previous studies are adopted and growth modeling using time series vegetation indices is proposed. In addition, growth model-based second derivatives are extracted for crop growth analysis. R squares of the proposed method from three RGB vegetation indices were 0.8–0.9 and excessive green vegetation index (ExG) showed the best accuracy.
Corneal remodeling after implantation of a shape-changing inlay concurrent with myopic or hyperopic laser in situ keratomileusis.

Purpose To compare the induced addition (add)-power profile and epithelial remodeling between patients receiving hyperopic and myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) concurrently with implantation of a corneal shape–changing inlay. Setting Specialty clinics in Monterrey and Tijuana, Mexico. Design Retrospective case series. Methods Preoperative hyperopic patients (mean spherical equivalent [SE] treatment +1.71 diopters [D] ± 0.51 [SD]) and myopic patients (mean SE treatment −2.48 ± 1.33 D) had implantation of a Raindrop Near Vision Inlay in the nondominant eye immediately after the excimer laser ablation in both eyes under a corneal flap. Monocular and binocular visual acuities were recorded at 6 m. Wavefront measurement analysis yielded the mean inlay add-power profile, and optical coherence tomography images yielded the mean epithelial remodeling profile. Results In the inlay eye in the hyperopic group (n = 34) and myopic group (n = 29), the mean uncorrected near visual acuity exceeded 20/25 (85% 20/25 or better), the mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/32 (62% 20/32 or better), and the mean binocular UDVA was 20/18 (100% 20/25 or better). The add-power profiles for the hyperopic and myopic groups were similar. The epithelial thinning profiles were also the same, thinning centrally by approximately 19 μm, and were uncorrelated with the treated refractive error. Conclusions After concurrent LASIK and inlay implantation, the visual acuity, induced add-power profile, and epithelial remodeling were the same, regardless of hyperopic or myopic treatment.
Overviews of Selected Applications of Photography

Many professional photographers start out as generalists; however, as their careers evolve, they are often recognized for a specific type of work. Photography as a field has become increasingly dependent on technology in the digital age where imaging equipment, software, and related products are necessary to make and deliver pictures as well as related services at a professional level. Staying current is quite a challenge—financially as well as educationally—for the most motivated professionals. Specialization by photographers is mostly a consequence of the markets and services professionals choose to offer. It is interesting to observe that as technology continues to change, the practitioners of traditional photographic services are displaced into photographic services that employ new technology. In some disciplines—such as film retouching—is a field almost nonexistent. Although new job titles are being created, there still exists a core group of professional photographers worldwide who make pictures. Their pictures, however, are distributed and viewed using a myriad of new methods, including cell phones.
Toward achieving precision health.

Health care systems primarily focus on patients after they present with disease, not before. The emerging field of precision health encourages disease prevention and earlier detection by monitoring health and disease based on an individual’s risk. Active participation in health care can be encouraged with continuous health-monitoring devices, providing a higher-resolution picture of human health and disease. However, the development of monitoring technologies must prioritize the collection of actionable data and long-term user engagement.
Language Policy in Russia: Nation, Nationalism, and Language

Examines language planning activities in Russia in the context of the relationship between Russia’s inherent linguistic diversity and the notions of national identity and nationhood. The examination’s focus is on shifts that have taken place in language policy in the Russian Federation since the early 1990s—notably, the shift “away from [the 1990s] efforts to strengthen multilingual and multicultural education to reasserting the importance of the Russian language in education” and the increased stress, since 2005, on “legislative attempts to purify the Russian language, banning the use of obscenity in the public sphere, and regulating the use of foreign lexicon.”