cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Analytic post-Newtonian expansion of the energy and angular momentum radiated to infinity by eccentric-orbit nonspinning extreme-mass-ratio inspirals to the 19th order

We develop new high-order results for the post-Newtonian (PN) expansions of the energy and angular momentum fluxes at infinity for eccentric-orbit extreme-mass-ratio inspirals on a Schwarzschild background. The series are derived through direct expansion of the Mano-Suzuki-Takasugi solutions within the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli formalism for first-order black hole perturbation theory (BHPT). By utilizing factorization and a few computational simplifications, we are able to compute the fluxes to 19PN, with each PN term calculated as a power series in (Darwin) eccentricity to ${e}^{10}$. This compares favorably with the numeric fitting approach used in previous work. We also compute PN terms to ${e}^{20}$ through 10PN. Then, we analyze the convergence properties of the composite energy flux expansion by checking against numeric data for several orbits, both for the full flux and also for the individual 220 mode, with various resummation schemes tried for each. The match between the high-order series and numerical calculations is generally strong, maintaining relative error better than ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ except when $p$ (the semilatus rectum) is small and $e$ is large. However, the full-flux expansion demonstrates superior fidelity (particularly at high $e$), as it is able to incorporate additional information from PN theory. For the orbit $(p=10,e=1/2)$, the full flux achieves a best fractional error near ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$, while the 220 mode exhibits error worse than 1%. The full series can be accessed electronically on the black hole perturbation toolkit and are also given as Supplemental Material. Finally, we describe a procedure for transforming these expansions to the harmonic gauge of PN theory by analyzing Schwarzschild geodesic motion in harmonic coordinates. This will facilitate future comparisons between BHPT and PN theory.
Bioorthogonal Functionalization of Material Surfaces with Bioactive Molecules

The ability to control and modify the bioactivity of surfaces is pivotal to the success of many medical devices. A biocompatible and bioorthogonal method to functionalize surfaces with a wide variety of bioactive molecules is an important tool for enabling innovative biotechnology and medical applications. We report herein a novel, catecholamine-based surface functionalization method that is chemoselective and free of a metal catalyst. This method utilizes the ligation between a coating formed from the tyrosinase-catalyzed polymerization of a tetrazine-containing catecholamine and one or more strained alkene-containing molecules of interest. The process is achieved under conditions ideal for biological applications. Using this method, we graft surfaces with a variety of active molecules, including a small molecule fluorophore, enzymes, and a cyclic peptide with the RGD motif, and demonstrate the maintenance of their activity on the surface. Additionally, we establish the cytocompatibility of grafted ECM-mimicking surfaces with fibroblasts and show improved cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization.
Networks of Empire: Disintegrating Imperial Networks

The Dutch East India Company consisted of networks of trade, shipping, information, law, diplomacy, and migration that combined in different ways in each of its nodes to constitute the whole of its imperial web. The Company's empire emanated from a particular conjuncture in state-building in early modern Europe and derived, and to some extent replicated, the split sovereignty of the United Provinces in its governance structure. The specific terms of the VOC charter set forth by the States-General and overseen by the Seventeen Gentlemen in Europe determined the extent of the Company's domain in the Indian Ocean and granted it partial sovereign rights. In this domain, sovereignty was extended through an evolving legal network created with respect to particular conditions at Batavia. Conditions in Batavia, while not identical to conditions in other imperial nodes, therefore disproportionately determined the parameters of a legal template intended to extend as an imperial network across the whole of the Company's web. In practice Company law, as developed in Batavia, could not be strictly applied in all its factories, settlements, and colonies. Regional circumstances determined the ability of the Company to impose its jurisdiction in any one node and, correspondingly, local laws were passed to accommodate specific conditions regarding particular, but not all, aspects of the Company's legal code.
Primary Lithium Air Batteries

Lithium air batteries exhibit much higher energy density than most other conventional energy-storage systems. Although there are significant barriers that need to be overcome before the commercialization of primary lithium air batteries, these barriers are less difficult to be solved than those in the rechargeable lithium air batteries. The key to realize the potential of primary lithium air batteries is a balanced design for the full batteries. This includes a balance between the mesopore structure and the macropore structures of the air electrode, a balance between oxygen solubility and polarity of the electrolyte, a balance between oxygen-diffusion rate and water penetration rate of the protective membrane, and a balance between energy density and power density of the batteries. Because of many similarities between primary and rechargeable lithium air batteries, success in primary lithium air batteries can also largely help the development of rechargeable lithium air batteries, which have great potential to be used in the next-generation energy-storage systems beyond lithium ion batteries.
Chapter 9. Inhibitors of the Renin-Angiotensin System

Publisher Summary Pharmacological interruption of the renin-angiotensin system is a powerful tool for elucidating its role in hypertensive disease. This chapter discusses various approaches to the inhibition of different components of this system, but concentrates on the recent developments concerning those agents that have the greatest potential for therapeutic use. Renin is inhibited in vitro by high concentrations of naturally occurring renal lysophosphatidylethanolamines, synthetic phosphatidylethanolamines, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine analogs, and also by neutral lipids and phosphatidylcholine derivatives. In spite of their weak inhibitory activity in vitro, several of these compounds significantly lower blood pressure in the Goldblatt two-kidney renal hypertensive rat (RHR), a renin-mediated hypertensive model, in which one renal artery is constricted and the other kidney is left intact. Renin inhibitors have a unique potential for studying the pathophysiological function of the renin-angiotensin system, as they lack the ambiguity of angiotensin antagonists (partial agonism) or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (bradykinin potentiation). However, none of the inhibitors of renin that have been developed till date has been thoroughly evaluated in vivo. Parenterally administered, AII antagonists and ACE inhibitors have contributed significantly to the understanding of the renin-angiotensin system and its role in human hypertension. The orally active ACE inhibitors show great promise as a novel type of antihypertensive drug.
Writing the Stuff: Graphics Tablets, Tablet PC's, and Tablets as Feedback Tools

In the past several years a number of older technologies have become more readily available and easier to use as feedback tools. Graphics tablets and tablet PC's allow for more flexible feedback in student writing by allowing instructors to write directly on student work in Word 2007 or later. The price and complexity of graphics tablet systems have declined in recent years making them readily available for professors with minimal budget impact. While still expensive the tablet PC offers flexibility in grading not offered by graphics tablets or pure tablets such as the iPad. This paper offers a comparison of these technologies, their relative strengths and weaknesses, and costs. The use of these technologies provides greater flexibility in providing student feedback and can improve the quality of the student experience in fully online and hybrid courses.
Supersensitivity of the sensory cortex following partial deafferentation (lesion of the ventral posterior thalamic nuclei).

Abstract 1. 1. The loss or diminution of the spontaneous electrical discharges of the sensory cortex following lesions or destruction of the ipsilateral ventral posterior thalamic nuclei is often only transitory (experiments in cats). It may be followed by a tendency to periodic burst discharges or by a continuous activity of increased amplitude that may be subject to spontaneous fluctuations. 2. 2. The development of a hypersensitivity of the respective cortical area to toxins such as Mecholyl or Metrazol could be demonstrated. Mecholyl may accentuate an existing or bring to light a latent assymetry of the spontaneous discharges and/or the tendency to burst discharges. 3. 3. Stimulation of sensory nerves (ulnar, sciatic) is still able to elicit evoked potentials (secondary responses of Forbes) in the sensory cortex deprived of its connections with the ventral posterior thalamic nuclei. On bilateral peripheral stimulation with single shocks, one notices that the secondary response is more pronounced in the sensory area corresponding to the thalamic lesion than in the opposite cortex; this difference becomes more marked under the effect of Mecholyl. 4. 4. These findings may have a bearing upon the development of pain and hyperpathia in cerebral lesions extending into the white matter below the sensory cortex.
Before the Flight: Pre-Op Checklist

Like any military or commercial pilot, prior to any flight, you have to go over a “checklist” (• Fig. 9.1). In fact, the need to check everything obsessively is more crucial to you than to the pilot. For while a team of dedicated and well-trained maintenance professionals surround the pilot, you are not uncommonly surrounded only by jerks. We do not want to be abusive or rude, but let us be realistic—at 2 a.m. your intern or junior resident is much more interested in his lost sleep than your prospective operation. And the anesthetist? Your emergency case is just a pain in the ass. The sooner he or she can administer the gases, the sooner he or she can dump your “case” in the recovery room or intensive care unit and the sooner they can crawl under the comfort of their warm duvet. The nursing staff? Forget them. Not in vain today are they called OR technicians. (Lest we be accused of painting with too wide a brush, there are always the wonderful exceptions in this scenario; let them know they are appreciated!)
Performance, Scalability, and Robustness in the Harness Metacomputing Framework

Harness is a software framework and methodology that facilitates distributed metacomputing via a reconfigurable plugin-based architecture. The current version of Harness emulates multiple concurrent programming environments including PVM, MPI, JavaSpaces, and generic task parallelism models. Supporting multiple parallel programming models within a unified framework has high utility and flexibility, and is capable of evolving as needed. Harness, a modular software system, is able to deliver such functionality and support legacy as well as new programming paradigms without loss of efficiency. In a set of benchmarking experiments, the performance of applications executed using the Harness-PVM system was within a few percent of their performance using native PVM. Furthermore, the Harness-PVM system scales well and exhibits increased tolerance to failures, due to its event-based distributed architecture. Details of the Harness infrastructure, features that contributed to enhanced scalability and failure-resilience, and performance results are presented.
Air juggling and other tricks

Quantum tunnelling breaks the rules of classical physics — and leads to ghost-like transfer of matter through barriers. Demonstrations of a new type of quantum tunnelling have the ghosts taking new liberties.
Atmospheric chemistry A bad winter for Arctic ozone

Ozone loss in the Arctic is on a smaller scale than in the Antarctic, where the seasonal `ozone hole' is such a huge environmental concern. But in recent winters that has been changing _ worst of all was the winter of 1995/96, when Arctic ozone fell from about 450 Dobson units to about 300. This change appears to be due to longer stratospheric winters, which allow nitric acid (whose breakdown usually gets in the way of ozone loss) to fall out of the stratosphere on ice particles.
Induction of the myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) gene in C6 glioblastoma cells: functional analysis of the PLP promotor

The terminal differentiation of postmitotic oligodendrocytes is marked by the induction of myelin-specific genes. In this report, we demonstrate that culture conditions that induce oligodendrocyte differentiation of glial progenitor cells also induce differentiation of C6 glioblastoma cells, as monitored by activated transcription of the gene encoding proteolipid protein (PLP), the major myelin protein of the CNS. When assayed by transfections of hybrid reporter plasmids, the transcriptional control region of the PLP gene is preferentially active in differentiated C6 cells and contains both positive and negative cis-regulatory elements. In general, functional identification of these elements is well correlated with the binding sites of glial nuclear proteins, as visualized by the presence of DNase I-protected footprints. A sequence within one positive cis-regulatory element of the PLP gene is conserved in the control regions of three other myelin- specific genes, suggesting that their coordinate transcription may involve a common regulatory mechanism.
Utilization and perception of alternative methods to induce gallbladder contraction

2726 Objectives In June 2013, Bracco Diagnostics announced that Kinevac, the cholecystokinin (CCK) analogue used during hepatobiliary scans to induce gallbladder contraction, was no longer in production. This began a nationwide Kinevac shortage that required hospitals to use an alternative method of contracting the gallbladder, such as pharmacy-compounded sincalide (a CCK derivative) or a fatty meal. The focus of this research was to determine nuclear medicine technologist and radiologist perception of the alternatives used in practice. Technologists will provide data on their perception of patient tolerance, while radiologists will provide their perception of the diagnostic value. Methods After gaining IRB approval, the researcher distributed a mixed method questionnaire via Survey Monkey to obtain information regarding the Kinevac alternatives. The sample population consisted of technologists and radiologists at various Wheeling Jesuit University affiliated clinical sites in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Washington, D.C., and Ohio, as well as clinical sites in the greater Cincinnati area outside Wheeling Jesuit University’s clinical program. The questionnaire gathered data on alternative CCK protocols practiced by the hospitals, which alternative gallbladder contraction method they used, and their perception of those alternatives. Results Questionnaires are currently being distributed, and the response deadline is March 31,2014. Data analysis will be completed by April 20, 2014. Conclusions Expectations for completing this research include: determining if CCK alternatives are adequate for regular clinical use; gaining an understanding of technologist and radiologist perception of alternative protocols; increasing awareness of alternative protocols during materials shortages.
Antagonism of substance P and perception of dyspnea in patients with COPD

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate whether substance P, an excitatory neuropeptide, modulates the perception of dyspnea by administering aprepitant, a selective antagonist that blocks NK-1 receptor signaling. Methods: Sixteen patients (age, 70 ± 6 years) with COPD completed the study. At intervention visits, aprepitant (125 mg) or placebo was administered orally, and patients rated breathlessness during resistive load breathing (RLB). Blood levels of substance P and beta (β)-endorphin were measured. Results: After aprepitant, but not with placebo, there were significant increases in substance P (+54 ± 39 %) and β-endorphin (+27 ± 17 %); changes were significantly correlated (Spearman r = 0.62; p = 0.01). There were no differences in ratings of breathlessness during RLB between interventions. Conclusions: Our results do not support a role for the substance P-NK-1 pathway in the perception of dyspnea in patients with COPD. These findings may be explained by opposing effects of excitatory (substance P) and inhibitory (β-endorphin) neuropeptides, released after administration of aprepitant, that affect perception.
Preterm infants' affective responses in independent versus toy‐centered play with their mothers

Le comportement affectif de nourrissons a haut risque medicalement (HR) et a faible risque medicalement (FR), ainsi qu'un groupe controle de bebes a terme (T) a l'age de 6 mois a ete compare durant une session de jeu independant de 5 minutes et une autre session de jeu avec leurs meres, session de 5 minutes polarisee sur un jouet. Les recherches precedentes ayant montre que le jeu commun avec un jouet embarrasse les capacites d'attention des bebes HR, il etait predit que les bebes HR feraient etat d'un affect moins positif et d'un affet plus negatif dans une seance de jeu polarisee sur un jouet (par rapport a independante) et dans des interactions d'attention commune (par rapport a face a face) que les bebes FR et T
Ethnic and Religious Tolerance in Poland

Since its democratic revolution was set in motion, Poland has enjoyed tremendous progress in its degree of democratic consolidation. For example, significant institutional changes have taken place in the status of Poland's ethnic, national, and religious minorities. Yet, institutional protections alone do not fully capture the extent of openness to diversity. More comprehensive depictions of the quality of democracy need to encompass investigations of the democratic citizens' “hearts and minds.” In this article, using data from a recent nationally representative survey, the author examines the extent and sources of Poles' tolerance of ethnic and religious difference. She focuses on social tolerance of difference, using questions about acceptance of interethnic and interreligious marriage as the dependent variables. As part of the inquiry, the author compares and contrasts the levels and sources of tolerance of interreligious marriage over time and discusses the political implications of the findings and f...
Stability of allophycocyanin's quaternary structure.

Abstract The dissociation of allophycocyanin trimers to monomers was examined under a variety of conditions. For alkyl ureas and alcohols the dissociation increased as the straight-chain alkyls increased in length. The effect of branching chains was smaller. Tetrapropylammonium chloride was found to be a very effective agent for trimer dissociation when compared to ureas and alcohols with similar or longer alkyl chains. An explanation for these observations is that the hydrocarbons have an affinity for nonpolar regions in the contact areas between monomers in a trimeric structure. A comparison among several inorganic salts demonstrated that the chaotropic salts (NaSCN > NaClO 4 ⪢ NaNO 3 > NaBr) fostered increased trimer dissociation, while nonchaotropes (KF, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , K phosphate, and NaCl) produced no measurable amounts of monomer. Allophycocyanin dissolved in D 2 O was much more stable against dissociation than when dissolved in H 2 O. All the above observations were consistent with hydrophobic forces being the dominant source of trimer stabilization. The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of trimers to monomers was calculated to be about 6 × 10 −16 mol 2 liter −2 . Calculations were made of the apparent total number of amino acids (40) in the two contact regions on each monomer. An absorption change analogous but not necessarily identical to a conversion of allophycocyanin II to III was noted when (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 was present. When allophycocyanin's nonexchangeable hydrogens were replaced by deuteriums, it was more readily dissociated to monomers.
Wavelet classification of high frequency pupillary responses

This paper addresses the problem of classifying users with different visual abilities on the basis of their pupillary response while performing computer-based tasks. Multiscale Schur monotone (MSM) summaries of high frequency pupil diameter measurements are utilized as feature (or input) vectors in this classification. Various MSM measures, such as Shannon, Picard, and Emlen entropies, the Gini coefficient and the Fishlow measure, are investigated to assess their discriminatory characteristics. A combination of classifiers, motivated by a Bayesian paradigm, is proposed to minimize and stabilize the misclassification rate in training and test sets with the goal of improving classification accuracy. In addition, the issue of wavelet basis selection for optimal classification performance is discussed. The members of the Pollen wavelet library are included as competitors. The proposed methodology is validated with extensive simulation and applied to high-frequency pupil diameter measurements collected from 36...
Endocannabinoids and the Control of Energy Homeostasis

Endocannabinoids (ECBs) are ubiquitous lipid mediators that act through the same G protein-coupled receptors (CB1 and CB2) that recognize plant-derived cannabinoids. As regulators of metabolism, ECBs are anabolic: they increase the intake, promote the storage, and decrease the expenditure of energy. Recent work indicates that activation of peripheral CB1 receptors by ECBs plays a key role in the hormonal/metabolic changes associated with obesity/metabolic syndrome and may be targeted for its pharmacotherapy.
An image encryption & decryption approach based on pixel shuffling using Arnold Cat Map & Henon Map

In this paper we have done the Encryption and Decryption of an image by doing pixel shuffling using Arnold Cat Map and generate Pseudo-random number by using Henon Map. As we know both Henon Map and Arnold Cat Map behave chaotic in nature and Pseudo-random number has an important role in the field of Image Cryptography, so we have taken Arnold Cat Map for pixel shuffling and Henon Map for pseudorandom number generation and have done XOR operation between the pixel value and the key value generated by the Henon Map. We have done some experimental analysis of the chaotic nature of the Henon map. It has been found out that Henon map behaves chaotic in nature and encryption and decryption of image is successfully done.
Assessing the quality of surgical care.

Because of better educated patients, more demanding payers, and regulatory agencies, safety and quality have become prominent criteria for evaluating surgical care. Providers are increasingly asked to document these areas, and patients are using this documentation to select surgeons and hospitals. Payers are using the data to direct patients to providers, and potentially to adjust reimbursement rates. Therefore, health care policy makers, health service researchers, and others are aggressively developing and implementing quality indicators for surgical practice. Given the complex interplay of structure, process, and outcomes, assessment of surgical quality presents a daunting task. We must firmly establish the links between these elements to validate current and future metrics, while engendering ``buy-in'' on the part of surgeons.
Pulsewidth modulator with carriers derived from converter waveforms

Carrier signals for pulsewidth modulation are generated using simple filters operating on the waveforms readily available in a power converter. Also containing the averaged dynamics, such carrier signals can be bonded to a signal to be controlled to realise fast, linear transient responses. The operating principle and circuitry are described and validated for the buck and boost DC–DC converters.
A scanning tunneling microscopy study of low-temperature grown GaAs

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has been used to investigate the effect of low-temperature (LT) growth of GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy on the morphology of the resulting surface. We present STM images of a GaAs(001) surface that was grown at ∼300°C and subsequently annealed at 600°C and show that there is a recovery of the (2×4) reconstruction. We also report images of a surface grown on top of a buried LT GaAs layer and show that the LT layer has little effect on the resulting surface morphology. In addition, scanning tunneling spectroscopy spectra are presented which demonstrate that the current-voltage characteristics of annealed and unannealed LT grown GaAs are significantly different.
Immigration and Economic Conditions Among Older Asian Americans

This study compares native-immigrant gaps in economic conditions among older Asian Americans to those in other racial groups. This study uses the American Community Survey data collected from 2006 to 2010. The sample consists of Asians, whites, blacks, and Hispanics, who are 65 years old or older (N = 2,205,148). The dependent variables are per capita income, poverty, asset income, homeownership, and vehicle ownership. This study employs linear and logit regressions. Analysis results show that older native Asian Americans’ economic statuses are comparable to or better than older native whites. Older immigrant Asian Americans’ economic situations are worse off than older immigrant whites but better off than their black and Hispanic counterparts. Regression analyses indicate that native-immigrant gaps among older Asian Americans are significantly larger than those among other racial groups. These findings suggest that the public perception of economically successful immigrant Asians is not consistent with the economic reality of older immigrant Asian Americans. Analysis results call for further research on native-immigrant gaps among older Asian Americans and policy interventions to enhance economic security among older minority groups, including older immigrant Asian Americans.
Parsing the ageing Asian woman: symptom results from the China study of midlife women.

Abstract Objectives It has become popular to assert that Asian women in general have low midlife rates of reporting a wide variety of symptoms and that these rates are much lower than those found among women in western countries. Comparable data from mainland China remains sparse, however. This study aimed to uncover the symptom reporting frequency for a general population sample of women in mainland China and to compare these results with rates from similar studies conducted in Japan and North America. Methods The author conducted a community-based survey of over 400 Chinese women aged 40–65 years living in a rural village and an urban neighborhood in northern China. The cross-cultural analysis was conducted on the 156 Chinese women within that sample who were between the ages of 45 and 55 years. Their rates of reporting 16 core symptoms in the previous 2 weeks were compared with those of women in the same age range in studies conducted in Japan [Lock M. Encounters with aging: mythologies of menopause in Japan and North America. Berkeley: University of California Press; 1993], Canada [Kaufert P, Lock M, McKinlay S, et al. Menopause research: the Korpilampi workshop. Soc Sci Med 1986;22(11):1285–9], and the U.S. [McKinlay SM, McKinlay JB. Research note: aging in a ‘healthy’ population. Soc Sci Med 1986;23(5):531–5]. Results The Chinese women had a low to moderate rate (below 50%) of reporting each of the 16 core symptoms. On most symptoms, the Chinese rates were higher than the Japanese and more similar to the North American. The only exceptions were hot flashes and headaches. Conclusions Data from the China Study of Midlife Women showed that women's rates of midlife core symptom reporting in mainland China differ from the extremely low levels found in Japan. It is important to avoid generalizations about East Asian women relative to North American women in this regard.
Intron loss from the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene of lettuce mitochondrial DNA: evidence for homologous recombination of a cDNA intermediate

The mitochondrial gene coding for subunit 4 of the NADH dehydrogenase complex I (nad4) has been isolated and characterized from lettuce, Lactuca sativa. Analysis of nad4 genes in a number of plants by Southern hybridization had previously suggested that the intron content varied between species. Characterization of the lettuce gene confirms this observation. Lettuce nad4 contains two exons and one group IIA intron, whereas previously sequenced nad4 genes from turnip and wheat contain three group IIA introns. Northern analysis identified a transcript of 1600 nucleotides, which represents the mature nad4 mRNA and a primary transcript of 3200 nucleotides. Sequence analysis of lettuce and turnip nad4 cDNAs was used to confirm the intron/exon border sequences and to examine RNA editing patterns. Editing is observed at the 5′ and 3′ ends of the lettuce transcript, but is absent from sequences that correspond to exons two, three and the 5′ end of exon four in turnip and wheat. In contrast, turnip transcripts are highly edited in this region, suggesting that homologous recombination of an edited and spliced cDNA intermediate was involved in the loss of introns two and three from an ancestral lettuce nad4 gene.
Unanswered Questions in Assessment Center Research

This study compared the predictive validity of two types of overall assessment center ratings (clinical and mechanical) and two types of performance ratings (supervisor and subordinate). Data were gathered on approximately 50 law enforcement agency managers over a four-year time span. Results indicated that clinical predictions were not significantly better than mechanical ones and that prior performance ratings were better predictors of future performance ratings than were assessment centers. Further, dimension ratings within the assessment center were found to be unrelated to ratings of the same dimensions on the job four years later, supporting the notion of subtle criterion contamination (Klimoski & Strickland, 1977) and raising questions about the central assumptions underlying the assessment center approach.
Oral interpretation as metaphorical expression

This paper treats the relationship between interpreter, literature, and performance as a process of metaphorical expression. This expressive relationship which constitutes an oral interpretation is viewed as one of (1) partial identification, (2) interaction, (3) tension, (4) individual unified perception, and (5) definition.
PSM‐R: Revised optimism‐pessimism scale for the MMPI‐2 and MMPI

The Revised Optimism-Pessimism (PSM-R) scale was developed for use with either the MMPI-2 or the MMPI. The scale measures explanatory style on a continuum from optimistic to pessimistic by using 263 MMPI items of the original 298-item Optimism-Pessimism (PSM) scale. These 263 items are common to both the MMPI-2 and MMPI. PSM-R norms are based on a random sample of 1,408 normal adults who also were used for developing norms for the original PSM scale. Reliability estimates (.93 for men; .94 for women) indicate that the PSM-R scale is as accurate as the original PSM scale.
Thermal contact resistance at elastomer to metal interfaces

An experimental study examining thermal contact resistance and total resistance of metal (SS304)/silicone rubber/SS304 joint under light loads (0.02 to 0.25 MPa of apparent stress) for the different heat flux inputs (2.4 to 8.6 kW/m2) has been carried out. The bulk resistance of the 4.76 mm thick elastomer specimen accounted for between 65 to 70% of the total resistance, depending upon the applied conditions. A high thermal rectification was observed, that is, contact resistance at the hot interface was approximately 1.3 to 1.6 times higher than the contact resistance at the cold interface. The mean temperature at the interface and heat flux were found more influencing parameters than the apparent stress.
NINEPIN: Non-invasive and energy efficient performance isolation in virtualized servers

A virtualized data center faces important but challenging issue of performance isolation among heterogeneous customer applications. Performance interference resulting from the contention of shared resources among co-located virtual servers has significant impact on the dependability of application QoS. We propose and develop NINEPIN, a non-invasive and energy efficient performance isolation mechanism that mitigates performance interference among heterogeneous applications hosted in virtualized servers. It is capable of increasing data center utility. Its novel hierarchical control framework aligns performance isolation goals with the incentive to regulate the system towards optimal operating conditions. The framework combines machine learning based self-adaptive modeling of performance interference and energy consumption, utility optimization based performance targeting and a robust model predictive control based target tracking. We implement NINEPIN on a virtualized HP ProLiant blade server hosting SPEC CPU2006 and RUBiS benchmark applications. Experimental results demonstrate that NINEPIN outperforms a representative performance isolation approach, Q-Clouds, improving the overall system utility and reducing energy consumption.
Late Miocene to Pliocene stratigraphic evolution of northeast Carmen Island, Gulf of California: implications for oblique-rifting tectonics

Abstract This paper describes a thick section of upper Miocene(?) to middle Pliocene marine sedimentary rocks exposed at Punta Perico, northeastern Carmen Island, in the southern Gulf of California. These strata overlie Miocene volcanic rocks along a low-angle unconformity and have a total thickness of ∼1100 m. The section contains the following units: (1) lower conglomerate (∼750 m thick) representing submarine debris flows and grain flows; (2) conglomerate and sandstone (∼90–160 m) deposited by gravelly grain flows and sandy turbidity currents; (3) marlstone and mudstone (∼120 m) with benthic forams that record bathyal water depths (400–500 m) and an age of ∼3.5–3.1 Ma; (4) dacite breccia and boulder beds (∼20 m) emplaced by submarine avalanches and debris flows and (5) stratified conglomerate and bioclastic limestone (≧80 m) deposited by traction currents in a shallow shelf environment. Conjugate syn-sedimentary faults, deformation bands, and growth structures are recognized within a 250-m-wide belt adjacent to a large N-striking, W-dipping normal fault that bounds the eastern margin of the Pliocene section, indicating that the eastern normal fault was active during deposition of at least the upper ∼300 m of the dipping section. Considering the thickness of the two units below the marlstone (∼900 m) and assuming a range of possible sediment-accumulation rates (0.2–1.0 m/ka), we postulate that deposition of the lower conglomerate was initiated in late Miocene or early Pliocene time (∼8–4 Ma), possibly coincident with initial opening of the Gulf of California. Deposition of the marlstone unit above a probable unconformity represents a major change in basinal tectonics at ∼3.5–3.1 Ma, which is about the time when seafloor spreading and transform faulting were initiated in the Gulf of California. These tentative correlations suggest that the Baja California peninsula was structurally and mechanically linked to the deep Gulf during late Miocene to middle Pliocene time.
Facing Places in The Weeding of Covent Garden

At the beginning of The Weeding of Covent Garden , a builder and a potential homebuyer wax eloquent about the ongoing construction of Covent Garden, a piazza designed to rival any in Venice. Not only do these characters praise the Surveyor’s aesthetic purity, but they also speculate how social and economic betterment should ensue from such a massive urban project. Immediately following this exchange, they observe a woman dressed as a Venetian courtesan stepping onto her balcony, a woman who boldly proclaims her economic and sexual independence in pursuing a profession much prized in Italy. In this clash of values between Italian ‘high’ culture and its ‘low’ sexual mores, between masculine building and feminine selling, the body of architecture becomes curiously conflated with the female body as the garish spectacle of a painted courtesan is juxtaposed against a classical architectural facade. Drawing on the gender scheme ascribed to architecture by Inigo Jones, the Surveyor who planned the square, this paper explores how the crucible of Covent Garden, historical and imagined, reveals the tension between the importation of Continental architectural principles and the assimilation of ‘foreignness’ in gender roles, particularly within the new public sphere created by the piazza itself.
Packet-pair sizing for controlling packet dispersion on wired heterogeneous networks

The packet-pair structure is a widely used probing technique for measuring link capacity over network paths. In packet-pair probing, the probe-gap value at the link of interest (e.g., the link with the smallest capacity or any link along a path) is determined for link-capacity measurement, which can be affected if dispersion (i.e., separation) of the packet pair is created by the heterogeneous link capacities and cross traffic over an end-to-end path. In this paper, we present an analytical model concerning the effect of heterogeneous link capacities and cross traffic on the packet-pair structure over a multiple-hop path, and define the constraints on the packet sizing for accurate end-link (i.e., the link connected to the destination node of an end-to-end path) capacity measurement. We test the model through numerical evaluations and experimentally, on end-to-end paths with heterogeneous links and different cross traffic loads. The experiments are performed on a testbed and in the Internet.
On a general class of contagious distributions: The Pascal-Poisson distribution

In the paper entitled “A Generalized Class of Contagious Distributions”, Gurland (1958) has presented a brief review of the classical approach to the development of Neyman Type A distribution. By imposing a distribution on one of the intermediate parameters involved, he obtains the generalized class. We have obtained a completely different class of contagious distributions by altering the classical approach. In particular, we have obtained a distribution which arises as a limiting form of the general distribution under certain conditions and which does not seem to have been referred to in the literature. We call this distribution the Pascal-Poisson distribution in view of the form of its p.g.f. We have studied the problem of the fitting of this distribution.
Healthcare-Associated Candidemia: Is It a Distinct Syndrome?

Candidemia historically has represented a nosocomial infection rather than one that can present in the emergency department. However, many pathogens traditionally thought confined to the hospital setting now are frequently seen in persons presenting to the emergency department. This phenomenon led to the creation of the notion of the healthcare-associated infection. Healthcare-associated infections reflect an intermediate status between community-acquired and nosocomial processes and describe a select subgroup of persons with community-onset infection but an ongoing interaction with the healthcare system. The question necessarily therefore arises regarding the potential role for yeast as pathogens in healthcare-associated bloodstream infection. Several studies have specifically explored this issue. Each of the studies illustrate that community-onset candidemia does, in fact occur, and most subjects with such infections meet the criteria for a healthcare-associated syndrome. Although methodologically limited, these analyses reveal that healthcare-associated candidemia clearly exists but remains a rare occurrence.
Measurement of the Q2-evolution of the Bjorken integral and extraction of an effective strong coupling constant at low Q2

We report on the measurement of the Bjorken sum in the range 0.16 Q 2 1.1 GeV 2 . The extraction of an effective strong coupling constant is then discussed.
Local migration promotes competitive restraint in a host–pathogen 'tragedy of the commons'

These T4 page and their E. coli hosts are the model for a typical 'victim-exploiter' interaction in a study of the role of migration patterns in a 'tragedy of the commons' competition for limited resources within fragmented communities. In this host-pathogen system, growing in 96-well microtitre plates, coexistence, stability and evolution within the separated communities depend critically on migration: restricted migration can promote restraint in the use of the common resource. In this experiment and in theory, highly connected social networks favour virulence. Fragmented populations possess an intriguing duplicity: even if subpopulations are reliably extinction-prone, asynchrony in local extinctions and recolonizations makes global persistence possible1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Migration is a double-edged sword in such cases: too little migration prevents recolonization of extinct patches, whereas too much synchronizes subpopulations, raising the likelihood of global extinction. Both edges of this proverbial sword have been explored by manipulating the rate of migration within experimental populations1,3,4,5,6,8. However, few experiments have examined how the evolutionary ecology of fragmented populations depends on the pattern of migration5. Here, we show that the migration pattern affects both coexistence and evolution within a community of bacterial hosts (Escherichia coli) and viral pathogens (T4 coliphage) distributed across a large network of subpopulations. In particular, different patterns of migration select for distinct pathogen strategies, which we term 'rapacious' and 'prudent'. These strategies define a 'tragedy of the commons'9: rapacious phage displace prudent variants for shared host resources, but prudent phage are more productive when alone. We find that prudent phage dominate when migration is spatially restricted, while rapacious phage evolve under unrestricted migration. Thus, migration pattern alone can determine whether a de novo tragedy of the commons is resolved in favour of restraint.
Intelligent network management using graph differential anomaly visualization

Managing large-scale networks involving users and applications is challenging due to the complexity and dynamic nature of the heterogeneous graphs. How to quickly identify the meaningful changes and hidden anomalous activities in the spatiotemporally dynamic network graphs is essential in many aspects of network management, such as security, performance and troubleshooting. In this paper, we explore the viability and efficacy of a novel graph differential anomaly visualization (DAV) model in the area of network management. Our approach combines algorithmic graph analysis methods and visualization technologies by taking advantages from both computer and human intelligence. We focus on DAV at various levels, i.e., nodes, links and communities. Specifically, a novel community-based DAV scheme is proposed that can help understand the managed networks with a right balance of granularity and complexity. More importantly, the community-based DAV algorithm is less susceptible to network dynamics and high churn. The developed visual analytic tool can not only detect but more importantly find the root causes of anomalies in a time efficient manner.
National History Day: an opportunity for K‐16 collaboration

Purpose – For more than 25 years, the National History Day (NHD) program has a number of distinctive features that make it a uniquely powerful collaborative vehicle for information literacy instruction. By requiring that student participants do in‐depth research using primary source materials, NHD strongly encourages integrated learning of historical content and information‐seeking processes, and thus partnerships between history teachers and librarians. Because few middle and high schools have extensive collections of primary source materials, NHD also promotes partnerships between K‐12 schools and academic libraries, public libraries, and museums in making primary source materials available to students. This case study aims to draw on one academic library's three‐year experience of partnering in NHD events in its community.Design/methodology/approach – Describes the NHD program, highlighting the commonalities between NHD learning goals; the National Standards for History: Historical Thinking Standards (...
Bridging alkyls in d-transition metal chemistry: Reactions of (cod) 2M2(μ-R)2 with organolithium reagents to give (cod)2M2(R)4Li2, where M is Rh or Ir, and the crystal structure of (cod)2Rh2(CH2SiMe3)4Li2 and (cod) Rh( CH2SiMe3)2Li(Me2NCH2CH2NMe2)

Abstract The bridging alkyls, (cod) 2 Rh 2 (μ-R) 2 where R is Me or Me 3 SiCH 2 , react with one molar equivalent of RLi to generate the thermally stable dialkylrhodates, (cod)Rh(R) 2 Li, which may be crystallized from hydrocarbons. X-Ray crystallography of the compound with R = CH 2 SiMe 3 shows that the complex is a centrosymmetric dimer with space group C 2/ c , a 24.370(6), b 9.946(2), c 17.791(5) A, γ 106.62(2)°, and V 4132(2) A 3 . The dimer is cleaved by reaction with the Lewis base, Me 2 NCH 2 CH 2 NMe 2 , to give (cod)Rh(CH 2 SiMe 3 )2Li(tmed) as shown by X-ray crystallography. The space group is Pbca , a 16.532(5), b 19.239(5), c 18.141(4), and V 5770(3) A 3 . The coordination geometry about the square planar Rh I atom is similar in both compounds; Rh I is bonded to cod and two CH 2 SiMe 3 groups and the lithium atom is oriented ca. 30° off a normal to the rhodium atom towards the CH 2 SiMe 3 groups with a Li … Rh distance of ca. 2.6 A. Solution NMR spectroscopy as a function of temperature and solvent on these and the related iridates, (cod)Ir(CH 2 SiMe 3 ) 2 Li(tmed) and (cod)Ir(R) 2 Li where R is Me or CH 2 SiMe 3 , are interpreted relative to the solid state structures.
Synchronizing microelectrode and electronic goniometer data using a pseudo-random binary signal

Intra-operative investigation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) requires concurrent measurement of microelectrode voltage, electrode depth and joint movement during deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Commercial solutions to this problem exist but are more expensive. Multiple instruments from different manufacturers can collect the same data, but data from incompatible instruments are collected on disparate clocks, precluding quantitative analysis. A pseudo-random binary signal recorded simultaneously by each set of instruments allows for chronological reconciliation. A custom program collects microelectrode data while simultaneously sending a pseudo-random binary signal to instruments measuring joint movement. The record of this signal is later used to express microelectrode voltage and joint position in a single chronological frame of reference. ClockSynch was used in 15 DBS procedures. After each surgery, records of microelectrode and joint movement were successfully chronologically reconciled. In conclusion, a pseudo-random binary signal integrates disparate systems of instrumentation at a significantly decreased cost.
Testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin of human plasma: Denaturation and protection

Abstract The effects of temperature, dithiothreitol, and p-hydroxymercuriphenyl sulfonic acid on the rate of inactivation of the testosterone-estradiol-binding globulin of human serum is examined. Calcium, dihydrotestosterone, glycerol and decreased temperatures all markedly retard the rate of inactivation of this protein. The binding activity is more stable in Tris-maleate buffer than in either phosphate, glycine acetate, or imidazole buffer.