cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Educational Activities and the Role of the Parent in Homeschool Families with High School Students.

Using a qualitative case study approach, this study looked at the educational activities that constitute a typical day in a homeschool family and the role that the parent has within those activities. Three homeschooling families with high school students in a single community in a southern state in the United States participated in the case study. Data was collected using observations, field notes, interviews and artifacts. Analysis of the data pointed to an eclectic mix of instructional modalities and activities used by families. Students often participated in a variety of instructional activities such as online courses, private tutors, and self-taught classes through the use of a flexible daily schedule. Parents were seen to be more of a facilitator or director of educational activities for their children rather than the direct providers of instruction in the homeschool setting.
The Guadalupe Fur Seal: Habitat, Behavior, Population Size, and Field Identification

Fur seals, Arctocephalus townsendi Merriam, 1897, at present land and breed regularly only along the precipitous, rocky east shore of Isla de Guadalupe, 256 km west of Baja California, Mexico. They seldom if ever land on open sandy beaches, and many haul out in caves and recesses along the narrow lava shoreline. The restricted range appears related to the near extermination of the species in the last century. Although congeneric with the fur seals of the Southern Hemisphere, which breed in the austral summer, A. townsendi breeds from May to July. Our censuses suggest that the population increased from a few individuals in 1954 to at least 500 in 1967. Form, pelage, vocalizations, certain activities, and habitat provide distinctive features for recognition of A. townsendi in the field.
Why Are Firms Admired

In this paper, we explore why certain firms are admired while others are not. We examine a broad range of organizational, governance and financial variables to glean significant factors that impact a firm's status as ‘Most Admired’. On the basis of our analysis of 1,842 firms, 285 of which were featured in Fortune's Most Admired companies list, we found that factors important to corporate reputation did not necessarily play a definitive role in companies being ranked on the most admired list. The major finding, robust in all cases, is that a larger size, prior ranking on the ‘Most Admired Companies’ list and a high market-to-book value of shares have a positive significant effect on a firm's likelihood of being classified as ‘Most Admired’. Consistent with prior literature, we also find that increases in executive entrenchment, via curtailment of shareholder rights, are viewed negatively by the stakeholders. From a strategic perspective, if a firm wishes to be admired, it would do well with a reasonably sized work force, a better market performance and a more democratic form of corporate governance.
Engineered Solder-Directed Self-Assembly Across Length Scales

We report on recent progress in the directed self-assembly of discrete inorganic semiconductor device components. Different from prior research, the goal is to enable the integration of increasingly small dies while supporting unique-angle orientation and contact pad registration. The process is based on the reduction of surface free energy between liquid solder coated areas on the substrate and metal-coated binding sites on the semiconductor dies. Recent advances include flip-chip assembly with unique angular orientation accomplished using “two-element” docking sites that contain pedestals that act as chaperones for the solder directed assembly to take place. The scale reduction to 20 μm sized components involves the use of a liquid-liquid interface to concentrate component delivery and speed up the self-assembly process to prevent oxidative dissolution of the solder sites prior to completion.
An approach to measure parameter sensitivity in watershed hydrological modelling.

ABSTRACTHydrological responses vary spatially and temporally according to watershed characteristics. In this study, the hydrological models that we developed earlier for the Little Miami River (LMR) and Las Vegas Wash (LVW) watersheds in the USA were used for detailed sensitivity analyses. To compare the relative sensitivities of the hydrological parameters of these two models, we used normalized root mean square error (NRMSE). By combining the NRMSE index with the flow duration curve analysis, we derived an approach to measure parameter sensitivities under different flow regimes. Results show that the parameters related to groundwater are highly sensitive in the LMR watershed, whereas the LVW watershed is primarily sensitive to near-surface and impervious parameters. The high and medium flows are more impacted by most of the parameters. The low flow regime was highly sensitive to groundwater-related parameters. Moreover, our approach is found to be useful in facilitating model development and calibration...
Intra-axonal bacilli in lepromatous leprosy. A light and electron microscopic study.

M. leprae bacilli in nerves of 3 patients with lepromatous leprosy were found in the axoplasm of myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers. Axonal bacillation occurred in as much as 2% of myelinated axons. Bacilli within Schwann cells were a more common finding in lepromatous leprosy that intra-axonal bacilli. Intra-axonal bacillation probably represents a late stage phenomenon in lepromatous leprosy. Intra-axonal bacilli may contribute to the dissemination of leprosy by migration of bacilli within the axon, and may contribute directly to nerve fiber destruction.
The Meaning of Indeterminacy: Noise Music as Performance

In aesthetic terms, the category of ‘sound’ is often split in two: ‘noise’, which is chaotic, unfamiliar, and offensive; and ‘music’, which is harmonious, resonant, and divine. These opposing conce...
Investigation and analysis of depressive symptoms among 1414 female migrant workers in shoe factories

Objective To explore the association between depressive symptoms with family pressure and occupational stress among female migrant workers.Methods A cluster sample of 1414 female migrant workers were asked to participate in a questionnaire survey from two large shoe factories in Fuzhou.The questionnaires comprised questions based on center of epidemiology survey depression(CES-D)scale,effortreward imbalance(ERI)scale,family stress questionnaire.data was analyzed through using analysis of covariance,chi-square test,pearson's correlation.Results The score of depression symptoms among the subjects(15.5±7.1)was higher than the control group(14.0±6.7)or the national female norm(13.4±10.5)(P0.05).The difference of the score of the work stress factors among depression groups were statistical significance except the relaxing after work(P0.01),and each factor score all presented the dose-response relationship with the increase of the degree of depression symptoms.The scores at the group of definite depression symptoms were higher than the group of suspected and non-depression symptoms at all of the family pressure factors,and they were increased with the degree of depressive symptoms increased,the difference was statistically significant(F = 43.61,P 0.01).There was positive correlation between occupational stress and family pressure with depressive symptoms(R = 0.36、0.32,P 0.01).Conclusions Occupational stress and family stress may be the risk factor of depression symptoms among the female migrant workers.
Using turing's craft codelab to support CS1 students as they learn to program

This experiential paper focuses on CodeLab, a tool for improving student learning in CS1. We introduce the basic features of CodeLab, both from the student and instructor side, discuss the use of CodeLab at two different types of institutions, and compare CodeLab to other interactive programming tutor products (CodingBat, Problets, zyBooks, and Python Tutor) that we have used in the last academic year.
Mapping longitudinal stream connectivity in the North St. Vrain Creek watershed of Colorado

Abstract We use reach-scale stream gradient as an indicator of longitudinal connectivity for water, sediment, and organic matter in a mountainous watershed in Colorado. Stream reaches with the highest gradient tend to have narrow valley bottoms with limited storage space and attenuation of downstream fluxes, whereas stream reaches with progressively lower gradients have progressively more storage and greater attenuation. We compared the distribution of stream gradient to stream-reach connectivity rankings that incorporated multiple potential control variables, including lithology, upland vegetation, hydroclimatology, road crossings, and flow diversions. We then assessed connectivity rankings using different weighting schemes against stream gradient and against field-based understanding of relative connectivity within the watershed. We conclude that stream gradient, which is simple to map using publicly available data and digital elevation models, is the most robust indicator of relative longitudinal connectivity within the river network.
Practice and Educational Gaps in Abnormal Pigmentation

Dyschromia refers to abnormal pigmentation and is one of the most common diagnoses in dermatology. However, there are many educational and practice gaps in this area, specifically in melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and vitiligo. This article aims to review the gold standard of care for these conditions as well as highlight common educational and practice gaps in these areas. Finally, possible solutions to these gaps are addressed.
Indicators for the evolution of the academic architecture library

The future is not really something one can predict, which does not, of course, keep us from speculating. In fact, the rapid advance of technology in the last ten years has made talking about the future something of a sport and resulted in "future" becoming code for "changes in technology." The future as determined by technology is not the major thrust of this article, although changes in technology are a given to just about anyone's future. Instead, the future is more broadly considered by looking at what is happening around us and speculating on the impli cations. This article attempts to use our past and present as a springboard for discussions of the future of the architecture library, drawing from long-standing approaches as well as developments in both the library field and in the discipline of architecture.
Analyst Bias and Mispricing

This paper investigates whether financial analysts' power to move prices arises from investors' tendency to blindly follow analyst earnings forecasts. We find that the degree of optimism or pessimism in these forecasts is predictable and leads to temporary distortions in the stock prices of firms with difficult-to-forecast earnings. For example, among stocks with poor credit quality, the quintile predicted to have the most conservative forecasts outperforms the quintile with the most optimistic forecasts by a risk-adjusted 13.2% per year. For better credit quality firms, analyst bias is unrelated to subsequent stock returns. Firms susceptible to imprecision in earnings forecasts, like those with to poor credit quality, large idiosyncratic volatility, or high forecast dispersion, are much more likely to have highly optimistic forecasts. The greater analyst optimism for these types of stocks explains their lower returns and negative alphas, and offers a behavioral explanation for the credit risk, idiosyncratic volatility, and analyst dispersion anomalies.
Evaluation of a pharmacogenetic educational toolkit for community pharmacists.

Aim: Over the past several decades, the roles and services of community pharmacists have expanded beyond traditional medical dispensation and compounding, and include health services such as vaccinations, and clinical testing and screening. Incorporating pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing into the menu of pharmacy services is logical and feasible; however, few pharmacists have experience with PGx testing, and few educational resources about PGx are available to support the uptake of PGx testing in community pharmacies. Methods: We developed a toolkit of four resources to assist pharmacists to provide PGx testing. We conducted a survey of pharmacists in North Carolina to evaluate each component of the toolkit and the toolkit as a whole. Results: A total of 380 respondents completed the evaluation of one or more toolkit components (344 evaluated all four components and the overall toolkit). Most respondents (84%) have never ordered or used PGx test results. Though the usability of the toolkit overall was below a...
Impact of Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Psychological Factors on Glycemic Self-Management in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is reported as one of the most complex chronic diseases worldwide. In the United States, Type 2 DM (T2DM) is the seventh leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Individuals with diabetes require lifelong personal care to reduce the possibility of developing long-term complications. A good knowledge of diabetes risk factors, including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, family history of DM, and sedentary lifestyle, play an essential role in prevention and treatment. Also, sociodemographic, economic, psychological, and environmental factors are directly and indirectly associated with diabetes control and health outcomes. Our review intends to analyze the interaction between demographics, knowledge, environment, and other diabetes-related factors based on an extended literature search, and to provide insight for improving glycemic control and reducing the incidence of chronic complications.
Secreted factors, identified as exosomes, enhance proliferation, migration, and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells

IntroductionTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive forms of five major types of breast cancer. Because TNBC mortality disproportionately affects premenopausal African Am...
Choice of utility functions for adaptive critic designs

This paper first presents a general overview of Adaptive Critic Designs (ACDs) and their existing control applications. It describes the importance of the right choice of utility functions for the development of critic networks and their convergence to the cost-to-go function J. A closer look into the step by step derivation of an utility function for the design of an ACD nonlinear optimal neurocontroller to replace/augment the conventional controllers, the automatic voltage regulator and governor, in a power system consisting of a generator connected to the power grid is described and some results are presented.
Principles of Chromatography

Chromatography in its many different forms is an indispensable separation technique for purification or analysis of one or multiple components from a mixture that may contain a variety of simple as well as complex molecules. This unit is focused on a specific type of chromatography known as liquid chromatography (LC), with particular reference to separation of proteins. The theory of chromatography is discussed in the context of partition of the components of a mixture between a solid stationary phase and a liquid mobile phase. Although very useful for chromatographic separation of small molecules, considerable deviation is observed in the case of separation of proteins. The principles of three commonly used chromatographic techniques for separation of proteins, such as size exclusion, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography, are discussed. The unit is expected to be useful for biologists and biochemists, as well as engineers involved in downstream bioprocessing. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keywords: chromatography; liquid chromatography; theory of chromatography; plate model; protein purification; size exclusion chromatography; gel filtration; ion exchange chromatography; affinity chromatography
Gerosuppression by pan-mTOR inhibitors

Rapamycin slows organismal aging and delays age-related diseases, extending lifespan in numerous species. In cells, rapamycin and other rapalogs such as everolimus suppress geroconversion from quiescence to senescence. Rapamycin inhibits some, but not all, activities of mTOR. Recently we and others demonstrated that pan-mTOR inhibitors, known also as dual mTORC1/C2 inhibitors, suppress senescent phenotype. As a continuation of these studies, here we investigated in detail a panel of pan-mTOR inhibitors, to determine their optimal gerosuppressive concentrations. During geroconversion, cells become hypertrophic and flat, accumulate lysosomes (SA-beta-Gal staining) and lipids (Oil Red staining) and lose their re-proliferative potential (RPP). We determined optimal gerosuppressive concentrations: Torin1 (30 nM), Torin 2 (30 nM), AZD8055 (100 nM), PP242 (300 nM), both KU-006379 and GSK1059615 (1000 nM). These agents decreased senescence-associated hypertrophy with IC50s: 20, 18, 15, 200 and 400 nM, respectively. Preservation of RPP by pan-mTOR inhibitors was associated with inhibition of the pS6K/pS6 axis. Inhibition of rapamycin-insensitive functions of mTOR further contributed to anti-hypertrophic and cytostatic effects. Torin 1 and PP242 were more "rapamycin-like" than Torin 2 and AZD8055. Pan-mTOR inhibitors were superior to rapamycin in suppressing hypertrophy, senescent morphology, Oil Red O staining and in increasing so-called "chronological life span (CLS)". We suggest that, at doses lower than anti-cancer concentrations, pan-mTOR inhibitors can be developed as anti-aging drugs.
Re-cyclized octreotide analogues: A structure-activity relationship study

1866 Objectives: The β turn conformation of the somatostatin (Sst) pharmacophore sequence, Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr, is critical in order to achieve high affinity receptor binding for Sst receptor imaging and radiotherapy agents. Therefore, we determined the three dimensional solution phase structures of several Re-cyclized octreotide analogues by high resolution NMR spectroscopy and correlated our findings with Sst receptor binding affinities. Methods: We previously reported the synthesis of four Re(V)-cyclized peptides from reduced linear peptides (octreotide, Ac-octreotide, Tyr3-octreotate, and Ac-Tyr3-octreoate) via transchelation reactions with [ReOCl3(OPPh3)(SMe2)] in aqueous methanol solutions (Bigott, et al. J. Labelled Cpd. Radiopharm. 48:S235;2005). For each reaction, the predominant isomer with the expected molecular weight was isolated in pure form by preparative RP-HPLC and confirmed by LCMS. The disulfide-cyclized parent peptides (Re-free) were also synthesized, purified, and confirmed by LCMS. Two dimensional NMR experiments were performed to assess the Re(V) coordination spheres and three dimensional structures of the purified Re(V)-peptides. The parent disulfide peptides were also studied by NMR for comparison with the Re(V)-peptide data. Sst receptor IC50 values were obtained for the Re-peptides and correlated to the NMR structural findings. Results: In each of the peptides, the ReO metal center was coordinated to the two cysteine sulfurs and the amide nitrogen of the third amino acid in the sequence. The remaining coordination site on the Re metal was filled either by the N-terminal amine nitrogen or, in the case of the N-acetylated peptides, the amide nitrogen of the sixth amino acid. Sst receptor binding affinities were in the 10-7 to 10-8 M range, in a binding order of Ac-octreotide Conclusions: Re-cyclization of these octreotide analogues resulted in low Sst receptor binding affinities, likely due to the perturbation of the β turn relative to the parent disulfide-cyclized peptide structure. Altering the N-terminus of these peptides had a significant effect on the Re(V) coordination sphere, overall peptide structure, and Sst receptor binding affinity. The proximity of the metal center to the β turn in the N-acetylated peptides disrupted the binding to a greater degree than when the N-terminus was involved in metal binding. Further structural modifications to distance the Re binding sphere from the Sst receptor pharmacophore may lead to new radiopharmaceutical agents with enhanced receptor binding.
Iterative Design and Classroom Evaluation of Automated Formative Feedback for Improving Peer Feedback Localization

A peer-review system that automatically evaluates and provides formative feedback on free-text feedback comments of students was iteratively designed and evaluated in college and high-school classrooms. Classroom assignments required students to write paper drafts and submit them to a peer-review system. When student peers later submitted feedback comments on the papers to the system, Natural Language Processing was used to automatically evaluate peer feedback quality with respect to localization (i.e., pinpointing the source of the comment in the paper being reviewed). These evaluations in turn triggered immediate formative feedback by the system, which was designed to increase peer feedback localization whenever a feedback submission was predicted to have a ratio of localized comments less than a threshold. System feedback was dynamically generated based on the results of localization prediction. Reviewers could choose to either revise their feedback comments to address the system’s feedback or could ignore the feedback. Our analysis of data from system logs demonstrates that our peer feedback localization prediction model triggered the formative feedback with high precision, particularly when peer feedback comments were written by college students. Our findings also show that although students often incorrectly disagree with the system’s feedback, when they do revise their peer feedback comments, the system feedback was successful in increasing peer feedback localization (although the sample size was low). Finally, while most peer comments were revised immediately after the system feedback, the desired revision behavior also occurred further after such system feedback.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson Disease

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy is now considered one of the most important advances in the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. DBS improves the cardinal motor symptoms of PD (rest tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity), markedly reduces motor complications (dyskinesias and wearing off), and dramatically improves quality of life. In this chapter, we review how DBS came to be and present the current science behind how DBS works. Clinical indications and up-to-date evidence on clinical outcomes of DBS are presented. Finally, the risks and side effects of DBS, and advances in DBS technology are discussed.
Private Equity's Diversification Illusion: Economic Comovement and Fair Value Reporting

Lobbying groups and private equity firms promote private equity's diversification as a key investment benefit to pensions. I show private equity returns based on prior methods of valuation understate the systematic risk of private equity. As valuation practices have changed, private equity returns reveal increased correlation to equity markets. Moreover, the alpha associated with private equity firms disappears after implementing redefined fair value standards. Market participants managing over $2 Trillion in portfolio assets responded to this by adjusting capital market assumptions for mean-variance optimization. Private equity firms also encounter higher -- not lower -- costs when accessing capital, a finding at odds with public market research.
Abstract 235: Chronic Endothelin Type A Receptor Blockade Abolishes Age-dependent Hypertension In Female Intrauterine Growth Restricted Rat Offspring.

Birth weight is inversely associated with blood pressure. Placental insufficiency in the rat induces low birth weight indicative of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) associated with sex-dependent hypertension in IUGR offspring in young adulthood. However, placental insufficiency programs the development of age-dependent hypertension in the female IUGR rat by 12 months of age. Blood pressure increases with age and the prevalence of hypertension is significantly increased in low birth weight women at 60 relative to 50 years of age. Yet, the exact mechanisms that mediate age-dependent hypertension following a developmental insult are unknown. We previously noted that endothelin mediated via its endothelin type A receptor (ET A R) plays a significant role in blood pressure regulation in hypertensive male IUGR but not in normotensive female IUGR rats in young adulthood. Thus, we hypothesized that endothelin mediated via its ET A R would play a contributory role in the development of age-dependent hypertension in the female IUGR rat. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured via arterial catheter in conscious female control and female IUGR offspring at approximately 12 and 18 months of age in animals that received vehicle or an ET A R antagonist (ABT-627, 5 mg/kg BW, Abbott) in the drinking water for 4 days prior to measure of MAP. MAP was significantly increased in IUGR (135±2 mmHg; P P A R blockade significantly decreased MAP in treated IUGR (113±2 mmHg; P A R had no impact on blood pressure in treated control (134±9 mmHg; N=5) at 18 months of age. Thus, these findings indicate that age augments the importance of endothelin via its ET A R in the etiology of hypertension programmed by IUGR but does not contribute to the age-dependent increase in blood pressure in the female control. Furthermore, this study highlights the need for sex- and age-specific considerations in the management of hypertension following a developmental insult.
An unsupervised approach in learning load patterns for non-intrusive load monitoring

This paper proposes a new novel way for non-intrusive load monitoring. The technique can be applied to develop a powerful framework for low-cost power monitoring in buildings, particularly in the small commercial and residential sector. The method proposes the construction of a data base of prior knowledge about load patterns and it provides a powerful platform which has the capacity to solve one of the major challenges in power monitoring and energy management, which has been the development of robust unsupervised learning algorithms that eliminate the need for costly human involvement. To do so, a proposal is made on the basis of forming Bayesian networks for the load classification problem. The method has shown to be computationally compatible with handling a large data set. Finally, a case is studied for some major loads obtained from a bank building to demonstrate a basic test case in the real world.
How do strength and coordination recovery interact after stroke? A computational model for informing robotic training

Robotic devices can train strength, coordination, or a combination of both. If a robotic device focuses on coordination, what happens to strength recovery, and vice versa? Understanding this interaction could help optimize robotic training. We developed a computational neurorehabilitation model to gain insight into the interaction between strength and coordination recovery after stroke. In the model, the motor system recovers by optimizing the activity of residual corticospinal cells (focally connected, excitatory and inhibitory) and reticulospinal cells (diffusely connected and excitatory) to achieve a motor task. To do this, the model employs a reinforcement learning algorithm that uses stochastic search based on a reward signal produced by task execution. We simulated two tasks that require strength and coordination: a finger movement task and a bilateral wheelchair propulsion task. We varied the reward signal to value strength versus coordination, determined by a weighting factor. The model predicted a nonlinear relationship between strength and coordination recovery consistent with clinical data obtained for each task. The model also predicted that stroke can cause a competition between strength and coordination recovery, due to a scarcity of focal and inhibitory cells. These results provide a rationale for implementing robotic movement therapy that can adaptively alter the combination of force and coordination training to target desired components of motor recovery.
Effect of Simulation on Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Knowledge of Nursing Ethics Principles:

BackgroundUndergraduate nursing education standards include acquisition of knowledge of ethics principles and the prevalence of health-care ethical dilemmas mandates that nursing students study ethics. However, little research has been published to support best practices for teaching/learning ethics principles.PurposeThis study sought to determine if participation in an ethics consultation simulation increased nursing students’ knowledge of nursing ethics principles compared to students who were taught ethics principles in the traditional didactic format.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test/post-test design with randomized assignment of students at three universities into both control and experimental groups.ResultsNursing students’ knowledge of nursing ethics principles significantly improved from pre-test to post-test (p = .002); however, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups knowledge scores (p = .13).ConclusionFurther research into use of s...
Abstract 17015: Women Admitted With Presumed Acute Myocardial Infarction Report No Difference in Symptom Expression Regardless of Final Diagnosis

Introduction: AMI is common among women. Delay in seeking treatment upon the onset of AMI symptoms is longer in women than men. Inadequate AMI symptom recognition is thought to be the reason for this delay disparity. Many patients, especially women, are admitted with a suspected AMI only to receive another diagnosis, yet there are no studies comparing symptoms between those diagnosed with and without an AMI. Objective: To compare presenting and prodromal symptoms in women admitted with presumed AMI based on their final discharge diagnosis (AMI vs. no-AMI). Methods: Data were collected via inpatient interviews on women admitted with a suspected AMI. The Mcsweeney Acute and Prodromal Myocardial Infarction Symptom Survey, a comprehensive instrument with well-established reliability and validity, was used. Post-discharge chart review placed patients in the AMI group (n = 42) or the no-AMI group (n = 56). Results: Of the 38 acute and 33 prodromal symptoms only 4 differences were noted. The no-AMI group reported higher frequencies of the following: acute feelings of the heart racing ( p = .04), prodromal pain centered high in the chest ( p = .04), prodromal pain over the left breast ( p = .04) and prodromal increase in frequency of headaches ( p = .04). The no-AMI group also reported higher severity of prodromal discomfort in the general chest area ( p = .04), over the left breast ( p = .04), both legs ( p = .01), prodromal fatigue ( p = .02), shortness of air ( p = .02) and frequent indigestion ( p = .01). The positive AMI group reported a higher severity level only with acute discomfort in both arms ( p = .01) Conclusions: The acute and prodromal symptom expression of both groups is very similar, suggesting that differences in presenting symptoms may not distinguish between those with AMI versus those with no AMI. Therefore, symptoms may not warn of an impending AMI rendering the decision to seek medical attention difficult.
Characteristics of the Wave Loads on Coastal Low-Lying Twin-Deck Bridges

AbstractFailures of coastal low-lying bridges in the United States along the Gulf Coast have attracted substantial research interest. Many of the failures were associated with twin-deck bridges. Th...
Implementing Social Change: A Qualitative Analysis of Counseling Psychologists’ Engagement in Advocacy:

In recent years, many counseling psychology training programs in the United States have adopted social justice principles into training. Although previous studies have provided thought-provoking di...
Bourdieu’s Imposition of Form and Modernismo: The Symbolic Power of a Literary Movement

This chapter explores the Spanish American modernista movement and the textual production and alteration of language that allowed writers to wield symbolic power in the cultural, journalistic, literary and political fields for several decades. Using textual examples from Ruben Dario, Amado Nervo, Julian del Casal and Enrique Gomez Carrillo, the chapter incorporates the theoretical concept of Bourdieu’s “Imposition of Form” in order to think through Modernismo’s symbolic power and its wide, transnational influence at the turn of the twentieth century. It extends Bourdieu’s “imposition of form,” mediated through social institutions and the construction of the cultural field, resulting in an overcoming of the natural censorship that the sociologist sees as a direct result of deliberate formalism. In this way, Modernismo complicates literary autonomy through the wide public dissemination of its texts, and the movement’s interfield influence paradoxically increases its symbolic power across the Hispanic world.
Performance evaluation of diverse techniques for performance, energy, and temperature efficient task allocation

The task-to-core scheduling problem using Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) for achieving three objectives of performance, energy, and temperature (PET), poses algorithmic challenges as it involves conflicting goals and trade-offs. Some myriad static algorithms have been proposed for solving this problem which can be roughly categorized into three groups: approaches for generating optimal solutions (for smaller sizes problems), complex optimization techniques, and fast heuristics. These algorithms generate multi-dimensional results which can be hardly intelligible. The assessment of these results requires new comparison methods and concise evaluation measures. This paper proposes a set of benchmarks and evaluation procedures for carrying out methodical comparisons of various algorithms for solving the PET-aware task-to-core scheduling problem. The proposed performance measures assist in judiciously comparing these different algorithms and analyzing their results on a unified basis. The goal is also to seek answers as to how good the Pareto-optimal algorithms are compared to fast heuristics tackling the same problem with the same assumptions. At the same time, we are interested in knowing how good both the groups of algorithms are compared to the absolute optimal (at least for small sets of problems). In addition, the paper provides methods for evaluating trade-offs and determining which application and target parameters affect the results (performance, energy consumed and temperature achieved) of these algorithms. Extensive experimentations facilitate a comprehensive comparison of different kinds of algorithms amongst themselves as well as with optimal solutions obtained through Integer Linear Programming as a reference.
Impact of damping on the superconducting gap dynamics induced by intense terahertz pulses

We investigate the interplay between coherent gap dynamics and damping in superconductors taken out of equilibrium by strong optical pulses with subgap terahertz frequencies. A semiphenomenological formalism is developed to include the damping within the electronic subsystem that arises from effects beyond Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer mean-field theory, such as interactions between Bogoliubov quasiparticles and decay of the Higgs mode. These processes, conveniently expressed as longitudinal ${T}_{1}$ and transverse ${T}_{2}$ relaxation times in the standard pseudospin language for superconductors, cause the gap amplitude to be suppressed after the pulse is turned off, but before the timescale where thermalization occurs due to coupling to the lattice. We show that our model quantitatively captures the experimental gap dynamics reported here of NbN and ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{3}\mathrm{Sn}$ through the picosecond timescale.
Objectivity, advocacy, and critical pedagogy in the race, gender, and media classroom: Individual, interpersonal, and structural tensions and recommendations:

The United States is in the midst of an historical moment of heightened awareness and division regarding the experiences of people of color, women, and the LGBTQ+ community. Activism around social ...
Unshackling Addiction: A Public Health Approach to Drug Use During Pregnancy

Criminal law recognizes the legal right of fetuses to be free from harm and neglect. In some scenarios, such as in cases of violence against pregnant women by intimate partners, the recognition of fetal rights bolsters women’s rights. Such fetal homicide laws were originally intended to create additional penalties in cases where a pregnant woman was killed. In contrast, cases where pregnant women are imprisoned due to illicit drug use during pregnancy or due to a suicide attempt while pregnant, fetal rights actually work to subordinate women’s rights. Laws which criminalize women for mental health problems such as drug addiction and depression may have the unintended consequence of preventing women from seeking prenatal care or aid to overcome such problems. Such laws, instead of protecting the fetal victim, actually may work to encourage women not to carry the pregnancy to term in certain circumstances. Despite a body of scholarship critiquing criminalization of pregnant women for public health problems, such as drug addiction, prosecutors continue the practice of penalizing pregnant mothers for illicit drug use. Additionally, states continue to pass laws that seek to penalize pregnant women in the name of fetal rights. For example, in March 2010, Utah passed a law that could be used to prosecute women who miscarry due to drug use or another intentional act. This paper summarizes the recent cases and laws that aim to protect fetal victims by criminalizing pregnant women for illegal or reckless acts, such as illicit drug use and attempted suicide due to depression. This paper then analyzes the recent cases and laws that grant fetal rights at the expense of women’s rights through a bioethical lens. Applying the bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice to recent cases highlights the error of submerging the rights of a pregnant woman in favor of the rights of a fetus as a victim in the criminal justice system. Additionally, this paper analyzes this issue as a public health problem and describes how public health methodologies may be more useful to aid this problem, rather than a criminal law approach.
The Case for Global Civics

“Civics” often refers to the familiar constellation of rights and responsibilities emanating from citizenship in a nation-state. But what about global civics? Would this be feasible - or even desirable? There are several plausible objections to the concept of global civics. One can argue that allowing for even a modest level of responsibility toward all the world’s 6.7 billion people is so overwhelming that it is a nonstarter. Furthermore, it can be argued that any meaningful experience of pan-global solidarity among human beings is nascent at best, and therefore cannot form the basis for a formidable constellation of rights and responsibilities, and that the experience of being a global citizen is restricted to a few activists and international elites like those who gather for the World Economic Forum in Davos. Finally, one can argue that civics assumes effective enforcement and a state, and since we do not have a world government, any talk of global civics is whimsical. Notwithstanding such skepticism, here I attempt to demonstrate that it is in fact possible to imagine global civics. First I consider the unhelpful views that have impeded fruitful consideration of the concept of global civics. Then I outline the rationale for global civics and offer two thought experiments to operationalize this new concept. Finally, I argue that universities should be key sites for the conversation about global civics. One of the invaluable missions of a university education is to equip younger generations with the information and analytical tools for them to exercise competent control over their lives and become conscientious citizens. Given our increasing interdependence, a university education which does not provide effective tools and forums for students to think through their responsibilities and rights as one of the several billions on planet Earth, and along the way develop their moral compass, would be a failure.
Educational Technology in India: The Field and Teacher's Sensemaking.

The educational technology (EdTech) is being viewed as one of the hopes for failing government schools in India. Huge investments are being made in EdTech by the market, philanthropies and the gove...
Signaled Queueing

Burstiness in queues where customers arrive independently leads to rush periods when wait times are long. We propose a simple signaling scheme to decrease wait times by distributing customer arrivals more uniformly. Agents receive one of several signals with suggestions on what time to join the queue. We quantify the efficiency gains, both analytically and empirically, with respect to a number of parameters of the proposed signaled queue, such as burstiness of arrivals, number of distinct signals, and propensity of customers to follow suggestions.
Sequential electrocoagulation-electrooxidation for virus mitigation in drinking water.

Electrochemical water treatment is a promising alternative for small-scale and remote water systems that lack operational capacity or convenient access to reagents for chemical coagulation and disinfection. In this study, the mitigation of viruses was investigated using electrocoagulation as a pretreatment prior to electrooxidation treatment using boron-doped diamond electrodes. This research is the first to investigate a sequential electrocoagulation-electrooxidation treatment system for virus removal. Bench-scale, batch reactors were used to evaluate mitigation of viruses in variable water quality via: a) electrooxidation, and b) a sequential electrocoagulation-electrooxidation treatment train. Electrooxidation of two bacteriophages, MS2 and ΦX174, was inhibited by natural organic matter and turbidity, indicating the probable need for pretreatment. However, the electrocoagulation-electrooxidation treatment train was beneficial only in the model surface waters employed. In model groundwaters, electrocoagulation alone was as good or better than the combined electrocoagulation-electrooxidation treatment train. Reduction of human echovirus was significantly lower than one or both bacteriophages in all model waters, though bacteriophage ΦX174 was a more representative surrogate than MS2 in the presence of natural organic matter and turbidity. Compared to conventional treatment by ferric salt coagulant and free chlorine disinfection, the electrocoagulation-electrooxidation system was less effective in model surface waters but more effective in model groundwaters. Sequential electrocoagulation-electrooxidation was beneficial for some applications, though practical considerations may currently outweigh the benefits.
Burying Your Head in the Sand: Heading Belowground to Find Future Targets of Selection in Roots.

Burying one’s head in the sand is usually synonymous with avoiding an issue, but in this volume of Plant Physiology , [Colombi et al. (2019)][1] delve belowground to tackle an important topic in the ongoing quest to improve crop productivity. The authors investigate root traits in wheat ( Triticum
Proximal charge effects on guest binding to a non-polar pocket

Science still does not have the ability to accurately predict the affinity that ligands have for proteins. In an attempt to address this, the Statistical Assessment of Modeling of Proteins and Ligands (SAMPL) series of blind predictive challenges is a community-wide exercise aimed at advancing computational techniques as standard predictive tools in rational drug design. In each cycle, a range of biologically relevant systems of different levels of complexity are selected to test the latest modeling methods. As part of this on-going exercise, and as a step towards understanding the important factors in context dependent guest binding, we challenged the computational community to determine the affinity of a series of negatively and positively charged guests to two constitutionally isomeric cavitand hosts: octa-acid 1, and exo-octa acid 2. Our affinity determinations, combined with molecular dynamics simulations, reveal asymmetries in affinities between host-guest pairs that cannot alone be explained by simple coulombic interactions, but also point to the importance of host-water interactions. Our work reveals the key facets of molecular recognition in water, emphasizes where improvements need to be made in modelling, and shed light on the complex problem of ligand-protein binding in the aqueous realm.
Three-Dimensional Seismic Response of a Large Embedded Structure and Induced Earth Pressure

AbstractFor large embedded structures, soil-structure interaction (SSI) plays a major role in dictating the overall seismic response. In light of recent strong seismic excitation affecting such str...
Granular-cell myoblastoma of the oral cavity

Abstract Four cases of granular-cell myoblastoma of the oral cavity (two in the tongue and two in the gingiva) have been reported. The clinical aspects, histogenesis, and pathologic findings have been reviewed in detail. The peculiarities and diagnostic difficulties of this entity, which are of interest to the dentist, surgeon, and pathologist, have been discussed. As the lesion mimics a malignant tumor in the tongue, breast, larynx, and skin, its accurate recognition is imperative to avoid needless radical surgery.
Surficial geology of Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, Michigan, USA

Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore is located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan along the southern shore of Lake Superior. The park spans approximately 300 km2 and is almost fully incorporated with...
Writing in the Twenty-First Century: The Importance of Pedagogy in Higher Education

Writing is one of the most important courses to take within higher education in the twenty-first century, especially when aligning education that will meet individual career goals. According to the Nation's Report Card on Writing, in 2011 alone, only about a quarter of young people can write proficiently. There is a need to institute change to developing and increasing the amount and quality of writing students are expected to produce. There is a need for greater collaboration for student learning by using innovative pedagogies that maintain the complexity and importance of pioneering work while showing that it is, in some cases, negotiable with traditional classroom practices. There are three specific examples: teaching point of view with multicultural studies, incorporating language awareness/critical theory into the composting process, and considering prescriptive suggestions in the workshop. Discussions of large-scale structural change should and will continue, but this article—which reviews how some theorists situate and enact innovation, include narratives of student resistance, and discuss practices that reframe more traditional activities—invites instructors to reflect on recent scholarship and consider larger educational goals for their classrooms.