cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional assessment of biomarker levels around implants versus natural teeth in periodontal maintenance patients.

Background: Recent studies point to the clinical utility of using peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) as a valuable diagnostic aid for monitoring peri-implant tissue health. The objectives of this study are to determine the levels of key biomarkers in PISF in periodontal maintenance participants and compare them with their corresponding levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained from the same participants.Methods: PISF and GCF were collected from an implant and a contralateral natural tooth after the clinical examination of 73 participants. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein, osteoprotegerin, leptin, and adiponectin were determined using multiplex proteomic immunoassays. The correlation of biomarker concentrations between GCF versus PISF, within GCF or PISF, and with several covariates (age, brushing frequency, days since professional cleaning, probing depth [PD], and plaque index) were also determined.Result...
Cranberry Interacts With Dietary Macronutrients to Promote Healthy Aging in Drosophila

Botanicals possess numerous bioactivities, and some promote healthy aging. Dietary macronutrients are major determinants of life span. The interaction between botanicals and macronutrients that modulates life span is not well understood. Here, we investigated the effect of a cranberry-containing botanical on life span and the influence of macronutrients on the longevity-related effect of cranberry in Drosophila. Flies were supplemented with cranberry on three dietary conditions: standard, high sugar–low protein, and low sugar–high protein diets. We found that cranberry slightly extended life span in males fed with the low sugar–high protein diet but not with other diets. Cranberry extended life span in females fed with the standard diet and more prominently the high sugar–low protein diet but not with the low sugar–high protein diet. Life-span extension was associated with increased reproduction and higher expression of oxidative stress and heat shock response genes. Moreover, cranberry improved survival of sod1 knockdown and dfoxo mutant flies but did not increase wild-type fly’s resistance to acute oxidative stress. Cranberry slightly extended life span in flies fed with a high-fat diet. These findings suggest that cranberry promotes healthy aging by increasing stress responsiveness. Our study reveals an interaction of cranberry with dietary macronutrients and stresses the importance of considering diet composition in designing interventions for promoting healthy aging.
On the equivalence of Shannon capacity and stable capacity in networks with memoryless channels

An equivalence result is established between the Shannon capacity and the stable capacity of communication networks. Given a discrete-time network with memoryless, time-invariant, discrete-output channels, it is proved that the Shannon capacity equals the stable capacity. The results treat general demands (e.g., multiple unicast demands) and apply even when neither the Shannon capacity nor the stable capacity is known for the given demands. The result also generalize from discrete-alphabet channels to Gaussian channels.
14-3-3 Proteins and photoneuroendocrine transduction: role in controlling the daily rhythm in melatonin.

This paper describes the role 14-3-3 proteins play in vertebrate photoneuroendocrine transduction. 14-3-3 proteins form a complex with arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the enzyme which turns melatonin production on during the day and off at night. Complex formation is triggered at night by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the enzyme, and results in activation and protection against proteolysis. This enhances melatonin production > 10-fold. Light exposure results in dephosphorylation of the enzyme and disassociation from 14-3-3, leading to destruction and a rapid drop in melatonin production and release and circulating levels.
Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review ☆

Abstract Introduction Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to resuscitate patients with cardiovascular collapse or refractory respiratory failure. Determination of death by neurologic criteria requires the performance of an apnea test. Few data exist describing performance of an apnea test in this setting. Understanding of ECMO physiology and mechanics is critical in the efficient and proper delivery of apnea testing. Methods We report the case of a young woman on venovenous ECMO post–cardiac arrest in whom we performed an apnea test to determine death by neurologic criteria. Decreasing sweep gas flow rate to 0 L/min led to a Pa co 2 increase of 3 to 5 mm Hg/min of apnea. Stable oxygen saturation was maintained with supplemental oxygen via the endotracheal tube. We further review all reported to date cases of apnea testing in the setting of ECMO. Results A total of 8 adult and 3 pediatric cases have been reported in the literature. Decreasing sweep rate is necessary to achieve hypercapnia. Oxygenation is maintained through oxygen circuit delivery with or without supplemental diffusion oxygenation via the endotracheal tube. Hemodynamics can be managed with circuit pump flow in addition to vasoactive medication support. Continuous positive airway pressure is recommended during the test. Conclusion According to current guidelines, apnea testing has to be performed after prerequisites have been met and in a fashion where hypercapnia is achieved in the face of stable oxygenation and hemodynamics. Performance of the test during ECMO is feasible.
LPI in pulsed laser space communications

A basic low-probability of intercept (LPI) study for a pulsed-laser pulse position modulated (PPM) optical link with a colocated direct detection intercepting receiver is presented. The latter is considered to be a form of optical radiometer using continuous threshold testing to detect the presence of the transmitting laser. The various design alternatives for the coded PPM link, and their effect on the communication and LPI performance, are examined. It is shown that the use of optical pulse power spreading via multiple frame symbol coding is vital for avoiding interception. It can be achieved by transmitting message symbols as repeated PPM symbols using a laser pulse of sufficiently low peak power so that the detected pulse energy is much less than the detected background energy. The possibility of the use of both wideband and narrowband radiometers by the interceptor further limits the communicator's code design choices. Some equations defining effective LIP gain parameters for the communication link are developed. >
Application of chemical toxicity distributions to ecotoxicology data requirements under REACH.

The European Union's REACH regulation has further highlighted the lack of ecotoxicological data for substances in the marketplace. The mandates under REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization, and restriction of chemicals) to produce data and minimize testing on vertebrates present an impetus for advanced hazard assessment techniques using read-across. Research in our group has recently focused on probabilistic ecotoxicological hazard assessment approaches using chemical toxicity distributions (CTDs). Using available data for chemicals with similar modes of action or within a chemical class may allow for selection of a screening point value (SPV) for development of environmental safety values, based on a probabilistic distribution of toxicity values for a specific endpoint in an ecological receptor. Ecotoxicity data for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and surfactants in Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas were gathered from several data sources, including the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's ECOTOX and Pesticides Ecotoxicity databases, the peer-reviewed literature, and the Human and Environmental Risk Assessment (HERA) project. Chemical toxicity distributions were subsequently developed, and the first and fifth centiles were used as SPVs for the development of screening-predicted no-effect concentrations (sPNECs). The first and fifth centiles of these distributions were divided by an assessment factor of 1,000, as recommended by REACH guidance. Use of screening values created using these techniques could support the processes of data dossier development and environmental exposure assessment, allowing for rigorous prioritization in testing and monitoring to fill data gaps. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1943–1954. © 2011 SETAC
Tipos de recursos naturales e iniciativas para la finalización de conflictos

Existe creciente evidencia de que los recursos naturales pueden influenciar las probabilidades, la trayectoria y el resultado de los conflictos armados. Muchas de estas relaciones dependen del marco institucional en el cual el conflicto y la explotacion de recursos ocurren, y de las caracteristicas especificas de los recursos implicados. Este documento examina la relevancia de dos grandes caracteristicas de un recurso -saqueabilidad (lootability) y legalidad (legality)- para las iniciativas de finalizacion de conflictos. Observando la reparticion de ingresos, las sanciones economicas y las intervenciones militares en 26 conflictos entre el ano 1989 y el ano 2006, este documento sugiere que las caracteristicas de un recurso pueden afectar la effectividad de los instrumentos de finalizacion de un conflicto relacionado con los recursos naturales.
Antiviral Susceptibility of Variant Influenza A(H3N2)v Viruses Isolated in the United States from 2011 to 2013

Since 2011, outbreaks caused by influenza A(H3N2) variant [A(H3N2)v] viruses have become a public health concern in the United States. The A(H3N2)v viruses share the A(H1N1)pdm09 M gene containing the marker of M2 blocker resistance, S31N, but do not contain any known molecular markers associated with resistance to neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs). Using a fluorescent NA inhibition (NI) assay, the susceptibilities of recovered A(H3N2)v viruses (n=168) to FDA-approved (oseltamivir and zanamivir) and other (peramivir, laninamivir, and A-315675) NAIs were assessed. All A(H3N2)v viruses tested, with the exception of a single virus strain, A/Ohio/88/2012, isolated from an untreated patient, were susceptible to the NAIs tested. The A/Ohio/88/2012 virus contained two rare substitutions, S245N and S247P, in the NA and demonstrated reduced inhibition by oseltamivir (31-fold) and zanamivir (66-fold) in the NI assay. Using recombinant NA (recNA) proteins, S247P was shown to be responsible for the observed altered NAI susceptibility, in addition to an approximately 60% reduction in NA enzymatic activity. The S247P substitution has not been previously reported as a molecular marker of reduced susceptibility to the NAIs. Using cell culture assays, the investigational antiviral drugs nitazoxanide, favipiravir, and fludase were shown to inhibit the replication of A(H3N2)v viruses, including the virus with the S247P substitution in the NA. This report demonstrates the importance of continuous monitoring of susceptibility of zoonotic influenza viruses to available and investigational antiviral drugs.
A Tale of Two Architectures: The Once and Future U.N. Climate Change Regime

Ever since the Kyoto Protocol's entry into force in 2005, the central question facing the United Nations climate change regime has been what to do after 2012, when the Kyoto Protocol's initial limits on greenhouse gas emissions expire. This chapter explores the development of the climate change regime, the recent meetings in Copenhagen and Cancun, and the options for a long-term architecture going forward. In the development of the international climate change regime, the top-down approach adopted by the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer initially served as a major inspiration for many countries. The Kyoto Protocol negotiations marked the ascendance, at least temporarily, of the targets-and-timetables approach. The comparatively weak provisions of the Copenhagen Accord and Cancun Agreements are unlikely, in themselves, to produce the necessary level of emissions cuts to prevent dangerous climate change. Keywords: United Nations; Kyoto Protocol; climate change; Copenhagen; Cancun
A retroesophageal right subclavian artery with the right vertebral artery originating from the right common carotid artery

The right subclavian artery was found to be retroesophageal, and the right vertebral artery originated from the right common carotid artery in a 46-year-old female cadaver. The right subclavian artery stemmed from the upper portion of the thoracic aorta, posterior and inferior to the origin of the normal left subclavian artery. The right and left common carotid arteries originated from the aortic arch in close proximity. Compression of the trachea anteriorly could not be demonstrated. The right inferior laryngeal nerve was nonrecurrent. A brief review of the literature shows the importance of knowledge concerning the aberrant right subclavian artery for the roentgenologist and the surgeon in the treatment of patients with this vascular anomaly.
Radiographic and orthopedic evaluation of wrist trauma

This paper was written to enable radiologists to contribute more usefully to the diagnosis and treatment of various wrist injuries. All imaging modalities are discussed to equip the radiologist for his difficult task. We present a systematic approach to the evaluation of wrist trauma patients beginning with initial plain films and proceeding through more invasive or sophisticated studies in order to achieve a definitive diagnosis. Toward this end a flow chart has been developed as a quick reference source. The authors have then described the anatomy and kinematics of the wrist to further the radiologist's understanding of the forces involved and the injuries produced by trauma. From this foundation individual injuries are then discussed together with the best methods of making the proper diagnosis of each. Criteria for adequate treatment of various injuries are also presented.
Benefits of Information Technology–Enabled Diabetes Management

Abstract Objective: To determine the financial and clinical benefits of implementing information technology enabled disease management systems. Research Design and Methods: A computer model was created to project the impact of information technology enabled disease management on care processes, clinical outcomes and medical costs for patients with type 2 diabetes over the age of 25 in the United States. Several information technologies were modeled: diabetes registries, computerized decision support, remote monitoring, patient self-management systems and payer based systems. Estimates of care process improvements were derived from published literature. Simulations projected outcomes for both payer and provider organizations, scaled to the national level. The primary outcome was medical cost savings, in 2004 U.S. dollars discounted at 5%. Secondary measures include reduction of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy clinical outcomes. Results: All forms of information technology enabled disease management improved the health of patients with diabetes and reduced health care expenditures. Over ten years, diabetic registries saved $14.5 billion, computerized decision support saved $10.7 billion, payer-centered technologies saved $7.10 billion, remote monitoring saved $326 million, self-management saved $285 million, and integrated provider-patient systems saved $16.9 billion. Conclusions: Information technology enabled diabetes management has the potential to improve care processes, delay diabetic complications and save healthcare dollars. Of existing systems, provider-centered technologies such as diabetes registries currently show the most potential for benefit. Fully integrated provider-patient systems would have even greater potential for benefit. These benefits must be weighed against the implementation costs.
Two Informative Opinions on ‘Forgiveness’ Statute, Among Other Rulings from the New York Court of Appeals

This article discusses several important procedural decisions handed down by the New York Court of Appeals during its 2010-2011 term. The piece includes discussion of three cases addressing important provisions in the CPLR, including: CPLR 2001 (Mistakes, omission defects and irregularities), which was at issue in Goldenberg v. Westchester, 16 N.Y.3d 323 (2011) (dismissing medical malpractice action for failing to purchase an index number prior to serving summons and complaint); CPLR 321 (Attorneys), at issue in Moray v. Koven & Krause, Esqs., 15 N.Y.3d 384 (2010) (finding that an action is automatically stayed where plaintiff’s attorney is suspended from the practice of law and opposing party failed to serve notice to appoint new counsel); and CPLR 3126 (Penalties for Failing to Disclose-Conditional Orders), at issue in Gibbs v. St. Barnabas Hosp., 16 N.Y.3d 74 (2010) (overturning Appellate Division’s ruling that bill of particulars served 75 days late in violation of a conditional order was not grounds for granting summary judgment for defendant).
Spiracles of Adult Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) and Their Phylogenetic Significance. I. the Abdominal Spiracles

A comparative study was made of the number, location, and morphology of abdominal spiracles of adult Passalidae, Lucanidae, and Scarabaeidae, using material of more than 150 genera. Major evolutionary trends are a reduction from 8 to 7 or fewer pairs of functional spiracles, a reduction in size of the posterior spiracles or of their openings, migration of 1 or more posterior pairs of abdominal spiracles into the tergites or sternites, and changes in the filter apparatus from simple atrial spines to a solid wall with imbedded trabeculae surrounding a slitlike subatrial opening. These characters are useful for assessing relationships between genera, tribes, and subfamilies, but division of the Scarabaeoidea into 2 great series, the Laparosticti and Pleurosticti, should be abandoned, since repeated evolutionary changes in location and size of the spiracles and in their number and morphology as well have occurred in different phyletic lines.
Determining the Lithium Local Environments in the Lithium Manganates LiZn0.5Mn1.5O4 and Li2MnO3 by Analysis of the 6Li MAS NMR Spinning Sideband Manifolds

Li2MnO3 and the spinel LiZn0.5Mn1.5O4 each contain a subset of lithium ions in very similar octahedral environments, in terms of the Li−O−Mn connectivities (i.e., numbers of nearby manganese ions a...
Elizabeth Cullinan’s House of Gold: Culmination of an Irish-American Dream

Much fiction about the Irish experience in America contains a recurrent conjunction of characterization and symbolism: the dominant mother who controls a house that also functions as a central organizing symbol. The persistence of this literary theme suggests that it reflects observable truths of Irish-American life, and before examining some of the literature, I want to lay a foundation by exploring some of those truths. In his pioneering sociological study, That Most Distressful Nation, The Taming of the American Irish, Andrew Greeley corroborates the dominant mother characterization by declaring that "there is a tendency for Irish women to have far more power in the family life than do women in some other ethnic cultures; and in some instances this produces a situation in which a stronger and domineering mother rules either by sheer force of will or by the much more subtle manipulation of constantly appealing to the sympathies and the guilts of her husband and children." Familiar in Irish-American fiction are the three matriarchal types which Greeley goes on to describe: "The Woman of Property," who juggles houses and funds while her "shadowy" husband sits "in the background saying practically nothing;" "The Pious Woman," who combines religious devotion with chronic ill health and exacts the total loyalty of her family; and "The Respectable Woman," who drives her family toward achievement and "whose whole life is governed by the categorical imperative, 'what will people say?"'I The reasons behind the development of such a figure and her establishment in the house-as-fortress most probably lie in consideration of the salient defining elements of the experience of the Irish ethnic group Ireland, Catholicism, and immigration. In the first place, conditions in Ireland were detrimental to the male self-image of the Catholic peasantry who made up the bulk of the nineteenth-century immigration. As unwilling colonial dependents under British imperial rule, the Irish were oppressed politically, culturally, and economically. Of course, the women suffered along with the men. However, the greatest humiliations came in MELUS, Volume 7, No. 4, Winter 1980.
Availability of vitamin E in the newborn infant.

SummaryRed blood cells of newborn infants are hemolyzed by dilute solutions of hydrogen peroxide. This hemolysis may be prevented by vit. E in vitro or in vivo. However, even with high daily doses ...
MARRIAGE TRENDS IN THE U.S. ARMY

St~mmary.-Since the early 1950s, the percentage of enlisted personnel who were married at any one time has climbed from approximately 30% of the force to nearly 60% today, while the percentage of married officers has fluctuated benveen 70 and 90%. Retaining a higher percenrage of married enlisted personnel has helped the all volunteer Army reach its strength objectives and has led to the force being older and more experienced than it might otherwise have been. Alchough evidence is confounded by the correlation of marital status with age, rank, years of service, having children, and gender, it appears that marriage after enrering the service is associated with increased retention at least for male soldiers. Marital status has a complex association with combat readiness as both advantages and disadvantages are observed when comparing readiness factors for unmarried and married soldiers.
Cosmic ray muon computed tomography of spent nuclear fuel in dry storage casks

Abstract Radiography with cosmic ray muon scattering has proven to be a successful method of imaging nuclear material through heavy shielding. Of particular interest is monitoring dry storage casks for diversion of plutonium contained in spent reactor fuel. Using muon tracking detectors that surround a cylindrical cask, cosmic ray muon scattering can be simultaneously measured from all azimuthal angles, giving complete tomographic coverage of the cask interior. This paper describes the first application of filtered back projection algorithms, typically used in medical imaging, to cosmic ray muon scattering imaging. The specific application to monitoring spent nuclear fuel in dry storage casks is investigated via GEANT4 simulations. With a cylindrical muon tracking detector surrounding a typical spent fuel cask, simulations indicate that missing fuel bundles can be detected with a statistical significance of ∼ 18 σ in less than two days exposure and a sensitivity at 1σ to a 5% missing portion of a fuel bundle. Potential detector technologies and geometries are discussed.
Inhibition and Excitation in the Locust DCMD Receptive Field: Spatial Frequency, Temporal and Spatial Characteristics

1. The descending contralateral movement detector (DCMD) of the locust responds vigorously to small target ( ca . 5°) stimuli; this response is inhibited by simultaneous or subsequent rotation of a radial grating (windmill) pattern (subtending 19-90° of visual angle) and suppressed by earlier rotation. 2. The excitation produced in the DCMD by rotation of a radial grating pattern depends only on the spatial frequency of the stripes of the pattern, and is independent of pattern size, and of temporal frequency over the range of low values used. 3. The inhibition produced by this same stimulus similarly depends only on the spatial frequency of the stripes of the pattern, independent of pattern size, and of temporal frequency over the range of low values used. 4. As the radial grating excitation decreases with increasing spatial frequency, the inhibition increases until limited by optical and neural resolution. 5. For spatial frequencies of the radial grating pattern below 0.05 cyc/deg the radial grating patterns become excitatory. Above 0.05 cyc/deg they are inhibitory. This is the point in spatial frequency below which inhibitory grating ‘backgrounds’ become excitatory targets. 6. Inhibition decreases as the size of the radial grating pattern is decreased below 190 visual angle; at 8° or less no inhibition can be found at any spatial frequency. 7. Inhibition is greater in the posterior than anterior regions of the receptive field, and greater in the ventral than the dorsal regions. 8. Inhibition decreases as the distance between small target and the radial grating is increased, but this is influenced by the local variations of excitation and inhibition. 9. Habituation is often greater for small target and low-frequency radial grating response than for inhibited small target and high frequency grating response. 10. These results substantiate previously proposed lateral inhibition models of the acridid movement detector system.
Information Platform of Rice Molecular Breeding Based on.net Framework

To share the resource data of rice molecular biology,the strategy of dynamic Web-database and the architecture of Browser/Server(B/S) were used to develop the database platform on rice molecular breeding based on.net framework and Internet.Using it,we can select,manage and share the data from rice molecular biology.
Race, Educational Loans, and Bankruptcy

This article reports new data from the 2007 Consumer Bankruptcy Project revealing that as a group, college graduates, and specifically, white graduates are less likely to file for bankruptcy than their counterparts without a diploma. So it appears that a college education acts as an economic insurance policy of sorts against the setbacks that sometimes lead to financial hardship as measured by bankruptcy. But, the data also indicate that education does not help everyone equally. Unlike white college graduates, who are underrepresented in bankruptcy relative to their proportion in the general population, African American college graduates are equally likely to file for bankruptcy as African Americans without a college diploma. Thus, a college education may not confer the same protective benefit against financial hardship for African Americans that it does for their white counterparts. These findings highlight the tension between two federal policies with respect to educational attainment: educational lending policy that encourages Americans to take on debt to finance their educations and bankruptcy policy that makes discharge of such loans practically impossible. Indeed, these data suggest that African Americans may experience Congress’s restrictive educational loan discharge policy more acutely than whites because African Americans are more likely to borrow money for college, are bound by the same duty to repay educational loans, and yet do not experience the same benefits of the education. Ultimately, these educational loan policies may reveal a judgment, however inadvertent, about who, as a practical matter, should and who should not be going to college. More troubling is that this judgment seems to track socioeconomic and racial divisions. Accordingly, this article considers whether these findings should persuade Congress to reformulate its policy on the discharge of educational loans in bankruptcy or alternatively, to change the manner in which it supports educational attainment.
How Will We Know if We Got It Right? Aims, Benefits, and Risks of Consumer Information Initiatives

Article-at-a-Glance Background Initiatives on the part of many groups to provide American consumers with information about the quality of health care may have several goals. Symbolic aims include recognizing consumers, increasing the sense of accountability, providing reassurance about health care quality, and emphasizing quality. Instrumental aims include improving system performance, increasing satisfaction with care and/or plans, and reducing random plan switching. These efforts may have both good effects and bad effects. Benefits and risks The possible positive byproducts of consumer information initiatives are learning about consumer preferences and variations, learning how to help consumers use health plans and providers, changing consumer–provider relationships, and building an infrastructure of consumer-centered intermediaries. Possible bad effects are generating demands that cannot be met, skewing the system to certain consumers' preferences, discouraging consumers from using information, adding another new program that will die, contributing to biased plan selection, and decreasing trust in providers. Discussion Before health care professionals can gather evidence about outcomes signaling success, they must address several major issues. How should high-quality performance be defined and by whom? Whose vision will be embedded in these definitions? Will it be the consumer's vision or the patient's vision that will be maximized? How long will it take before expected consequences occur? A strategy to measure success calls for beginning immediately to develop consensus on outcomes and a "theory of action" specifying the pathways and timing for different players.
Contributors to Intelligibility in Preschool- Aged Children with Cerebral Palsy.

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at risk for a variety of communication problems, most notably dysarthria. Reductions in intelligibility are pervasive in children with dysarthria, and often have significant negative consequences for functional communication, social participation, and quality of life (Dickinson et al., 2007). Studies examining contributors to speech intelligibility have largely focused on adults with dysarthria. Although a few studies have examined children with dysarthria above the age of 5 years (Higgins & Hodge, 2002), to our knowledge there have been no studies examining intelligibility and the variables that contribute to it in preschool children with CP or typical children in early stages of speech development. Early identification of intelligibility problems in children at risk for dysarthria is critical to ensure that children receive treatment to enhance their communication abilities. The identification of variables that contribute to intelligibility in early development may advance the identification of treatment targets for enhancing speech intelligibility in these children. Research questions for this study were as follows: 1) What is the contribution of acoustic spectral and temporal variables as well as language variables to intelligibility in young children with CP? 2) What are the differences in speech production among children who: a) are typically developing (TD group; n = 5); b) have CP and typical language with speech intelligibility that is within the range of typical children (CP NL; n = 8); c) have CP and typical language with speech intelligibility that is below the range of typical children (CP NL II; n = 8); and d) have CP and language and/or cognitive involvement, regardless of intelligibility range (CP LD; n = 3)?
The histiocytoses: as easy as ABC (or LCMRH)

In this issue of Blood , [Emile et al][1], representing the Histiocyte Society (HS), have proposed a revised classification of histiocytoses and neoplasms of the macrophage-dendritic cell (DC) lineages, taking into account recent insights regarding cell of origin, molecular genetics, and clinical
Synthesis of a Multivalent, Multiepitope Vaccine Construct

A major challenge to contemporary peptide chemistry is to reproduce highly complex active sites or complexes of native proteins. In addition to the need for the combination of different peptide fragments, true protein mimics designed for therapeutic use frequently require the incorporation of multiple copies of given active domains in a biologically relevant spatial arrangement. Perhaps the best examples for this line of drug design are subunit vaccine candidates against extracellular domains of ion-channel proteins. One of our earlier constructs containing four copies of the ectodomain of the M2 protein of influenza virus together with two independent T-helper cell epitopes induced protective antibody production in mice. Here I describe an improved synthesis of the M2-based multiepitope and multivalent peptide construct. In general, the synthetic strategy outlined here can serve as a model for the orthogonal N-terminal and side-chain-protecting scheme during the preparation of large, complex peptides or small, engineered proteins.
Glancing up or down

We tracked social network site browsing after inducing negative or positive mood.The site featured upward or downward social comparison targets on two dimensions.Negative moods led to less upward and more downward social comparison exposure.Mood effect appeared for both career success and physical appearance comparisons.Results suggest online social comparisons facilitate mood management. Social networking sites (SNS) provide opportunities for mood management through selective exposure. This study tested the prediction that negative mood fosters self-enhancing social comparisons to SNS profiles. Participants were induced into positive or negative moods and then browsed manipulated profiles on an experimental SNS. Profiles varied in a 2×2 within-subjects design along two dimensions, ratings of career success and attractiveness, allowing for upward comparisons (high ratings) and downward comparisons (low ratings). Selective exposure was measured in seconds spent viewing profiles. Negative mood led to less exposure to upward comparisons and more to downward comparisons than positive mood. The comparison dimension did not influence selective exposure. Thus, in a negative mood, SNS users prefer self-enhancing social comparisons to manage their mood.
Design and simulation issues for secure power networks as resilient smart grid infrastructure

Abstract The increased penetration levels of renewables and distributed energy resources (DERs) result in increased challenges in maintaining reliable control and operation of the grid. Integrating a wide variety of systems governed by different regulations, and owned by different entities, to the grid increases the level of uncertainty, not only on the demand side, but also in terms of generating resource availability. This complicates the process of achieving a generation/demand balance. Renewable energy sources vary by nature and require intelligent forecasting and prediction systems to determine how and when this energy can be used. Most of these distributed resources will be installed on the distribution network, which, in its current state, already lacks the proper communication and control network necessary to control applicable resources. Moreover, the large number and widespread use of these resources make controlling them from a central location difficult.
“RUNX1-IRES-GFP Knock-in” Mice Lack Expression of Runx1a: A Versatile Tool for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Analysis

Abstract 2329 Previously reported “RUNX1-IRES-GFP knock-in mice” (Blood 2004;103:2522) (KI mice) were generated by replacing exon 4 of runx1 gene with cDNA of Runx1b/c from exon 4 to exon 8 followed by IRES-GFP, aiming to evaluate Runx1 expression in specific lineages and developmental stages during adult hematopoiesis. They are phenotypically normal, fertile, and blood indices are normal. GFP intensity correlates with Runx1 expression level, and shows lineage-specific changes during maturation in myeloid, erythroid, and lymphoid cells. However, the behavior in the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) had not been carefully examined. Interestingly, we discovered that this knock-in strategy eliminated Runx1a expression. Since Runx1a expression is relatively higher in HSCs than in differentiated cells, we analyzed HSCs in these mice to evaluate its roles in stable and stress hematopoiesis. We found that LSK fraction in bone marrow (BM) was significantly decreased in KI mice compared to wild type (WT) mice (0.043% vs 0.085%, p = 0.001). Among subpopulations in LSK, short-term HSC and multipotent progenitor fractions were significantly decreased (0.024% vs 0.046%, p = 0.003, 0.0021% vs 0.0026%, p = 0.001, respectively). SLAM marker staining using CD150 and CD48 showed similar results. Competitive repopulation assay showed less functional HSCs in KI mice. However, there was no significant difference in recovery of cell counts after single-dose 5-FU intraperitoneal injection (150 mg/kg body weight) or sublethal irradiation (5 Gy), or survival after weekly 5-FU injection. After G-CSF subcutaneous injection (125 μg/kg body weight, twice daily for 5 days), mobilized WBC or neutrophil in PB showed no difference. However, LSK and long-term HSC in PB were significantly less in KI mice (0.078% vs 0.135%, p = 0.010, 0.043% vs 0.092%, p = 0.029, respectively) while those in BM did not show significant difference (increased to 0.295% and 0.346% in KI and WT mice, respectively). In conclusion, Runx1a plays some non-redundant roles in stable hematopoiesis, while it is dispensable for tested stress hematopoiesis. RUNX1-GFP KI mice are a versatile tool to evaluate roles of Runx1a in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis when combined with other genetic modifications. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
California Dreams: Higher Education in the Golden State

This chapter provides an overview of the college choice set and attendance patterns in California. I discuss the history of California’s three-tiered public college system, consisting of community colleges, somewhat selective California State Universities (CSUs), and very selective University of California institutions (UCs). I document changes to public higher education in California, from “tuition-free” to the increasingly high fees that make UCs, in particular, out of reach financially for many students. I describe the messages respondents reported receiving from peers, teachers, counselors, and parents about where to apply and what to expect from college, and show how contemporary sociopolitical factors such as regional context and the state political landscape contribute to “college for all” but fall short of providing “success for all.”
Flexible glucose sensors and fuel cells for bioelectronic implants

Microfabrication techniques were developed to create flexible 24 μm thick glucose sensors on polyimide substrates. Measurements of the sensor performance, recorded as voltage potential, were carried out for a range of glucose concentrations (0–8 mM) in physiological saline (0.1 M NaCl, pH 7.4). The sensors show rapid response times (seconds to stable potential) and good sensitivity in the 0–4 mM range. Additionally, we demonstrate that the sensors can operate as fuel cells, generating peak power levels up to 0.94 μW/cm2. Such flexible devices, which can be rolled up to increase surface area within a fixed volume, may enable ultra-low-power bio-electronic implants for glucose sensing or glucose energy harvesting in the future.
ZBP-89 function in colonic stem cells and during butyrate-induced senescence

// Ramon Ocadiz-Ruiz 1 , Amanda L. Photenhauer 1 , Michael M. Hayes 1 , Lin Ding 1 , Eric R. Fearon 2 and Juanita L. Merchant 1, 3 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 2 Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 3 Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Correspondence to: Juanita L. Merchant, email: merchanj@umich.edu Keywords: organoids, Apc, CDKN2A, ChIP-Seq, SA-bGal Abbreviations: SCFA = short chain fatty acids, tdT = tdTomato, Tx = tamoxifen, HDAC = histone deacetylase Received: August 02, 2017 Accepted: September 08, 2017 Published: October 09, 2017 ABSTRACT ZBP-89 ( Zfp148, ZNF148 ) is a Kruppel-type zinc-finger family transcription factor that binds to GC-rich DNA elements. Earlier studies in cell lines demonstrated that ZBP-89 cooperates with Wnt β-catenin signaling by inducing β-catenin gene expression. Since β-catenin levels are normally highest at the crypt base, we examined whether ZBP-89 is required for stem cell maintenance. Lineage-tracing using a Zfp148Cre ERT2 transgenic line demonstrated expression in both intestine and colonic stem cells. Deleting the Zfp148 locus in the colon using the Cdx2NLSCre ERT2 transgene, reduced the size and number of polyps formed in the Apc -deleted mice. Since colon polyps form in the presence of butyrate, a short chain fatty acid that suppresses cell growth, we examined the direct effect of butyrate on colon organoid survival. Butyrate induced senescence of colon organoids carrying the Apc deletion, only when Zfp148 was deleted. Using quantitative PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation, we determined that butyrate treatment of colon cell lines suppressed ZNF148 gene expression, inducing CDKN2a ( p16 Ink4a ) gene expression. Collectively, Zfp148 mRNA is expressed in CBCs, and is required for stem cell maintenance and colonic transformation. Butyrate induces colonic cell senescence in part through suppression of ZBP-89 gene expression and its subsequent occupancy of the CDKN2A promoter.
Teaching for Cosmopolis: Bernard Lonergan's Hopeful Vision for Education in a Globalized World

AbstractCanadian Jesuit philosopher and theologian Bernard Lonergan offers a vision for education that promotes what he terms “cosmopolis.” For Lonergan, authentic cosmopolitanism does not impose a universal, totalizing metanarrative. Rather, it embraces the particularity of one's own cultural, religious, and intellectual traditions, while remaining radically open to dialogue with the other. By doing so, education for cosmopolis fosters both authentic appropriation and reflective critique of one's own traditions, as well as an appreciation for the authenticity of others. Teaching for cosmopolis is an invitation to dialogue which promotes mutual understanding, mutual respect, and mutual interdependence in a globalized world.
Electronic and structural properties of RuO2.

We present ab initio total-energy calculations for the cohesive, structural, and electronic properties of ${\mathrm{RuO}}_{2}$ in the rutile structure. Our calculations were performed within the local-density approximation employing ``soft-core'' ab initio pseudopotentials and a plane-wave basis. Our calculated cohesive energy and structural parameters are within 10% and 2% of experimental values, respectively, as is typical of local-density calculations. We find good agreement between our theoretical density of states and experimental photoemission results and predict a Fermi surface which agrees well with experiment. Our results for this late transition-metal oxide show that the local-density approximation yields accurate electronic and structural properties for a ``weakly magnetic'' system.
48.1 – Introduction

This chapter describes earthquake history. Seismograms comprise the basic observational data for earthquake studies. Because instrumental coverage of the world was not adequate until the establishment of the WWNSS and the ESSN in the early 1960s, recorded history and related materials were critical in many areas of the world upto 1963. Recorded history and related materials are used to extend knowledge about the past earthquakes. Seismograms before 1963 were difficult to access; hence an effort was made to archive historical (pre-1963) seismograms in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
Shoulder injury in the throwing athlete.

Successful nonoperative treatment of shoulder injury in the throwing athlete requires a team approach. The physician, physical therapist, and athletic trainer work together with the athlete to determine a diagnosis and design a treatment protocol. Injury recovery requires restoration of muscle strength and balance followed by a careful return to a throwing program.
Training Neural Networks Using Predictor-Corrector Gradient Descent

We improve the training time of deep feedforward neural networks using a modified version of gradient descent we call Predictor-Corrector Gradient Descent (PCGD). PCGD uses predictor-corrector inspired techniques to enhance gradient descent. This method uses a sparse history of network parameter values to make periodic predictions of future parameter values in an effort to skip unnecessary training iterations. This method can cut the number of training epochs needed for a network to reach a particular testing accuracy by nearly one half when compared to stochastic gradient descent (SGD). PCGD can also outperform, with some trade-offs, Nesterov’s Accelerated Gradient (NAG).
RNA Switches for Synthetic Biology

In addition to coding for protein sequences, RNA molecules encode a diverse set of gene-regulatory elements. RNA switches are one class of gene-regulatory elements that control protein expression in a manner that is dependent on the concentration of specific ligand molecules. These allosteric gene-regulatory elements have been shown as useful tools in engineering diverse cell types to display novel function. In particular, RNA switches have been used as genetically encoded biosensors and conditional controllers to direct cellular decisions based on the system's changing environment. A significant focus in the field has been the generation of novel RNA switches that are tailored for different biological systems. We review approaches that have been used to generate RNA switches, which leverage the unique physical properties of RNA and the myriad ways in which RNA can modulate gene expression.
A Priority and QoS-Aware Scheduler for LTE Based Public Safety Networks

4G Long-Term Evolution (LTE) has been selected by the U.S. federal and EU authorities to be the access technology for public safety broadband networks (PSBNs) that would allow first responders to seamlessly communicate between agencies nationwide. From Release 11 on, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has been outlining the standards for the features that will enable LTE to be used as part of a PSBN. The requirements for scheduling user equipments (UEs) with appropriate quality of service (QoS) and priority has not been addressed yet. In this paper, we highlight the scheduling challenges in PSBNs and propose a solution which considers all the QoS parameters. Proposed algorithm minimizes packet losses while scheduling packets in a priority and QoS aware fashion. Simulations results illustrate superiority of the proposed scheduler.