cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Accuracy and Acceptability of a Screening Tool for Identifying Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration among Women Veterans: A Pre-Implementation Evaluation.

Abstract Objectives Veterans are at heightened risk for perpetrating intimate partner violence (IPV), yet there is limited evidence to inform practice and policy for the detection of IPV perpetration. The present study evaluated the accuracy and acceptability of a potential IPV perpetration screening tool for use with women veterans. Design A national sample of women veterans completed a 2016 web-based survey that included a modified 5-item Extended-Hurt/Insult/Threaten/Scream (Modified E-HITS) and the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2). Items also assessed women's perceptions of the acceptability and appropriateness of the modified E-HITS questions for use in healthcare settings. Accuracy statistics, including sensitivity and specificity, were calculated using the CTS-2 as the reference standard. Main Outcome Measures Primary measures included the Modified E-HITS (index test), CTS-2 (reference standard), and items assessing acceptability. Results This study included 187 women, of whom 31 women veterans (16.6%) reported past-6-month IPV perpetration on the CTS-2. The Modified E-HITS demonstrated good overall accuracy (area under the curve, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.78–0.94). In addition, the majority of women perceived the questions to be acceptable and appropriate. Conclusions Findings demonstrate that the Modified E-HITS is promising as a low-burden tool for detecting of IPV perpetration among women veterans. This tool may help the Veterans Health Administration and other health care providers detect IPV perpetration and offer appropriate referrals for comprehensive assessment and services.
Metallothionein Expression in Thymomas

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of low molecular weight and cysteine-rich intracellular proteins involved in metal homeostasis and detoxication.1 Immunohistochemical expression of MT have been observed in certain normal tissues1,2 and tumors with more aggressive clinical course and poor outcome.1,3,4 MT expression in thymomas was studied to see if it can be used as a marker of the invasive potential of the thymomas.
Mast cells in the mammalian area postrema.

Mast cells, identified by metachromasia of perikarya in material fixed by two-step perfusion with Bouin's solution, were studied in the area postrema of 25 mammalian species. (A) The appearance of mast cells varied greatly, and when the population of these cells was high, they were predominantly of the pale type with pyknotic nuclei. (B) The mast cells tended to accumulate near the ventricular surface in primates and carnivores, while in other species the distribution was diffuse. (C) They were found in large numbers, up to 16 000, in such adult animals as the chimpanzee, stumptailed and cynomolgus monkeys, dog and cat, and in smaller numbers in the capuchin monkey, opossum, agouti and acuchi, but more rarely or not at all in most rodents and the lagomorph. No mast cells occurred in the mulatta monkey, with the exception of a 28-year-old female. (D) In the stumptailed and cynomolgus monkeys, the number increased with weight of the animal and, in both the cynomolgus monkey (already present at birth) and the cat, with age; even then, in individual instances, mast cells were absent. Infection was considered as a factor contributing to an increase in number, but study of pathogen-free cynomolgus monkeys was inconclusive. Appearance and content of mast cells in monkeys and/or cats were not affected by dietary regimen, treatment with reserpine, L-histidine, cortisone or thyrotropic hormone, or castration. —At this stage of experience, the role of mast cells in the area postrema remains enigmatic.
Variant of factor IX deficiency in female with 45, X Turner's syndrome.

The case of an 11-year-old girl with a severe bleeding diathesis, a factor IX level of 4 per cent, and 45, X Turner’s syndrome is described. Family studies revealed severe factor IX deficiency in 4 male relatives and mild deficiencies in 4 heterozygous female carriers. The Bm or B+ variant of this disorder was demonstrated in all affected members of the kindred.
N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine detected in human breast milk.

Abstract Purpose : Measure concentrations of the neurogenic, pro-neurogenic, pro-synaptogenic and anti-inflammatory mediator N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine (synaptamide) in relation to its precursor docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in breast milk. Design and methods : Postpartum women were recruited prior to discharge. We supplemented half the subjects with omega-3 fatty acids. Breast milk samples were collected at 1, 4 and 8 weeks. Synaptamide and DHA concentrations were determined by liquidchromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography, respectively. Results : Synaptamide was detected in all breast milk samples. The concentration ranged from 44 to 257 fmol/mL. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation did not affect DHA or synaptamide concentration in breast milk due to a high-DHA-containing diet self-selected by control mothers. Nevertheless, synaptamide levels significantly correlated with DHA concentration in breast milk (r = 0.624, P Conclusion : This is the first demonstration of detectable concentrations of synaptamide in human breast milk. Although the attempt to raise the milk DHA content by omega-3 fatty acid supplementation was not successful in the current study, the positive correlation observed between synaptamide and DHA concentration suggests that synaptamide levels in human milk can be raised by proper omega-3 fatty acid supplementation that is known to increase DHA.
Social entrepreneurship and the institutional environment

This study examines the effects of a country's institutional environment on economic social entrepreneurship. The measures of a country's institutional environment include Porter's social progress index (SPI) and the World Economic Forum's global competitiveness index (GCI). The GCI measures the economic environmental munificence of a country which supports entrepreneurial ventures. I used the SPI to measure social munificence or social welfare of a country. The dependent variable is the number of Ashoka social entrepreneurs working to address the economic needs in a nation. The study includes 82 countries with Ashoka fellows. Of the 82 countries, 58 countries had Ashoka economic social entrepreneur fellows. The control variables include the log of GNI per capita and the log of population. I hypothesised that the less the SPI, the greater the number of social entrepreneurs focusing on the economy. That is, the less the social munificence, the greater the need for social entrepreneurs.
LEFT VENTRICULAR STROKE VOLUME ASSESSMENT BY AUTOMATED THREE DIMENSIONAL COLOR FLOW DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: A RELIABLE ALTERNATIVE TO TWO DIMENSIONAL PULSE DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

Automated quantitation of stroke volume (SV) by three-dimensional volume color flow Doppler (3D-VCFD) in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) has been validated against cardiac MRI (CMR) as an accurate and reproducible technique and does not rely on unidimensional measure of LVOT area. We
Communication Technology and Social Integration: Access and Use of Communication Technologies Among Floridian Resettled Refugees

Access to and use of communication technology are essential to U.S. refugee social integration. These technologies allow individuals to stay connected with their home country, decrease social isolation, and lower negative mental health consequences. Therefore, refugee familiarity with communication technology is essential in order to participate in today’s global digital information age. This research study sought to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the influence of communication technologies on social well-being and connectedness of refugees resettled in the U.S. State of Florida (n = 95). This study used a transformative, mix-methods approach with a convergent design, conducted in a series of workshops at three highly resettled metropolitan cities. Results concluded that participants perceived to use technology slightly well (M = 2.85), where their perceived ability to use technologies, such as the phone, Internet, and computer (M = 2.60), were slightly better than their ability to search for jobs and navigate online banking (M = 3.00). Despite both advantages and disadvantages of communication technology voiced by participants, refugees acknowledged the ongoing importance of the Internet as a key communication tool. Although several participants acknowledged that many refugees have limited access to communication technology at large, an ongoing theme of self-confidence and independence emerged for those that did have access to its benefits. The results of the study’s social network analysis proved inconclusive with regard to participant’s perceived communication technology ability and his or her degree centrality. Results present recommendations to resettlement practitioners and policymakers in order to address refugee access to and use of communication technology in the current U.S. integration process.
Clinical factors influencing the response to intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in cases of treatment-resistant pyoderma gangrenosum.

Background: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a neutrophilic disorder which classically presents as chronic, painful ulcers on the lower extremities. There is evidence supporting a potential role for in...
Plasmofluidic nanoporous gold membranes for ultrasensitive raman spectroscopy

A label-free and ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy technique based on suspended plasmonic nanoporous structures is demonstrated. Drastically enhanced local fields and optofluidic analyte delivery is used to enhance detection limits.
Toward Optical Switching in the Data Center (Invited Paper)

Optical switching may be instrumental in meeting the cost, power, and bandwidth requirements of future data center networks. However, optical switching faces many challenges to practical adoption. We discuss some of the physical- and control-layer challenges that have been uncovered in the research community, and potential ways to address them.
Accurate colorimetric images using LEDs

It is well known that more than three or four spectral measurements are required for accurate measurement of color under arbitrary illumination. Previous work has shown 6 to 10 measurements can yield accurate results on average, but with significant numbers of errors above the threshold of obvious visual detection. We demonstrate an imaging system (LED box) consisting of a monochrome camera, multiple LED illumination in a diffuse reflecting chamber that produces excellent color capture in perceptual quality measured in ΔE00. We evaluate this system with respect to practical applications with emphasis on textile quality assessment. Our system of 12 LEDs produces average and maximum training ΔE00 errors around 0.7 and 2.4, respectively; and average and maximum testing ΔE00 errors around 1.5 and 5.0, respectively. This performance exceeds that of reported colorimetric camera systems, except highly specialized configurations. We find that the stability of the system to LED variability under operating conditions is good. We show that pseudoinverse estimate produces better results than the MMSE estimate under actual operating conditions.
Impact of Social Capital on the Availability of Health Care Services.

Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and their families experience many structural, financial, psychosocial, and physical obstacles to accessing and fully utilizing a continuum of health...
Guidance vs. guidelines: the role of evidence-based medicine in the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the practice of high-quality evidence-based medicine because no uniformly accepted treatment protocols or rigorous guidelines are widely available. This article...
Unique Decoding of Explicit ε-balanced Codes Near the Gilbert-Varshamov Bound.

The Gilbert-Varshamov bound (non-constructively) establishes the existence of binary codes of distance $1/2 -\epsilon$ and rate $\Omega(\epsilon^2)$ (where an upper bound of $O(\epsilon^2\log(1/\epsilon))$ is known). Ta-Shma [STOC 2017] gave an explicit construction of $\epsilon$-balanced binary codes, where any two distinct codewords are at a distance between $1/2 -\epsilon/2$ and $1/2+\epsilon/2$, achieving a near optimal rate of $\Omega(\epsilon^{2+\beta})$, where $\beta \to 0$ as $\epsilon \to 0$. We develop unique and list decoding algorithms for (essentially) the family of codes constructed by Ta-Shma. We prove the following results for $\epsilon$-balanced codes with block length $N$ and rate $\Omega(\epsilon^{2+\beta})$ in this family: - For all $\epsilon, \beta > 0$ there are explicit codes which can be uniquely decoded up to an error of half the minimum distance in time $N^{O_{\epsilon, \beta}(1)}$. - For any fixed constant $\beta$ independent of $\epsilon$, there is an explicit construction of codes which can be uniquely decoded up to an error of half the minimum distance in time $(\log(1/\epsilon))^{O(1)} \cdot N^{O_\beta(1)}$. - For any $\epsilon > 0$, there are explicit $\epsilon$-balanced codes with rate $\Omega(\epsilon^{2+\beta})$ which can be list decoded up to error $1/2 - \epsilon'$ in time $N^{O_{\epsilon,\epsilon',\beta}(1)}$, where $\epsilon', \beta \to 0$ as $\epsilon \to 0$. The starting point of our algorithms is the list decoding framework from Alev et al. [SODA 2020], which uses the Sum-of-Squares SDP hierarchy. The rates obtained there were quasipolynomial in $\epsilon$. Here, we show how to overcome the far from optimal rates of this framework obtaining unique decoding algorithms for explicit binary codes of near optimal rate. These codes are based on simple modifications of Ta-Shma's construction.
Planning of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Signal Temporal Logic Specifications With Integral Predicates

We address the problem of coordinating the trajectories of heterogeneous multi-agent systems under spatio-temporal specifications. In particular, we consider global Signal Temporal Logic (STL) constraints to express the number and type of agents that should be present at specific locations within the desired time windows. We also introduce an integral predicate to specify cumulative progress that can be achieved asynchronously by multiple agents. In order to generate optimal trajectories, we formulate a mixed-integer linear program whose objective is minimizing the agent movement subject to the heterogeneous abstracted dynamics of the agents and a global STL specification including the novel integral predicate. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method via simulations and experiments with drones.
Sample Complexity of Block-Sparse System Identification Problem

In this paper, we study the system identification problem for sparse linear time-invariant systems. We propose a sparsity promoting block-regularized estimator to identify the dynamics of the system with only a limited number of input-state data samples. We characterize the properties of this estimator under high-dimensional scaling, where the growth rate of the system dimension is comparable to or even faster than that of the number of available sample trajectories. In particular, using contemporary results on high-dimensional statistics, we show that the proposed estimator results in a small element-wise error, provided that the number of sample trajectories is above a threshold. This threshold depends polynomially on the size of each block and the number of nonzero elements at different rows of input and state matrices, but only logarithmically on the system dimension. A by-product of this result is that the number of sample trajectories required for sparse system identification is significantly smaller than the dimension of the system. Furthermore, we show that, unlike the recently celebrated least-squares estimators for system identification problems, the method developed in this work is capable of $exact recovery$ of the underlying sparsity structure of the system with the aforementioned number of data samples. Extensive case studies on switching networks and power systems are offered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Psychological Stress during COVID-19 and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR)

Purpose : Psychological stress is a well-documented risk factor for developing CSCR. Given the unprecedented nature of COVID-19, we wanted to analyze the relationship between the pandemic and CSCR cases in a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Methods : All newly diagnosed CSCR cases were identified from nine clinics across Hampton Roads, VA (2015-2020). The medical billing system was used to query all CSCR cases, and other causes for retinal exudation were excluded, including inflammation, infiltration, hemorrhage, and choroidal neovascularization. Demographic data and previously reported risk factors were recorded, including recent stressors. CSCR cases and risk factors were compared between the pre-pandemic timeframe (Jan 2015-Feb 2020) and the COVID period (Mar 2020-Sept 2020). Cases were also compared using threemonth rolling sums. Categorical variables were analyzed using Chi-square analysis and Fisher's exact test. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Student's t-test. Results : A total of 247 patients with CSCR were identified with 205 patients in the preCOVID-19 period and 42 during COVID-19. The total number of CSCR cases per month was analyzed over 69 months (Fig 1). There was an average of 3.61 CSCR cases per month (SD, 2.21;range, 0-10 cases;median, 3 cases). The highest number of cases occurred in May 2020 (10 cases, 99.3 percentile). When comparing the CSCR cases longitudinally (Fig 2), the highest number of cases occurred in 2020 with an average of 6.7 monthly cases. The year 2020 was significantly different from 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 (P < 0.001). When analyzing the cases using three-month rolling sums, May-July 2020 had the largest number of cases (22 cases, 99.25 percentile), and January-March 2020 had the secondhighest total (21 cases, 97.8 percentile). Recent psychological stress was present in 19% of the COVID-era and only 9% of the pre-COVID patients, but was not significantly significant (P = 0.065). Conclusions : The relationship between a worldwide pandemic in the development of CSCR has not been previously reported. While the largest number of monthly cases occurred during the pandemic, there was a relative increase shortly before the designated pandemic start-date. Larger, retrospective studies are warranted to evaluate the significance of these findings.
Post-Stroke Timing of ECM Hydrogel Implantation Affects Biodegradation and Tissue Restoration.

Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogel promotes tissue regeneration in lesion cavities after stroke. However, a bioscaffold’s regenerative potential needs to be considered in the context of the evolving pathological environment caused by a stroke. To evaluate this key issue in rats, ECM hydrogel was delivered to the lesion core/cavity at 7-, 14-, 28-, and 90-days post-stroke. Due to a lack of tissue cavitation 7-days post-stroke, implantation of ECM hydrogel did not achieve a sufficient volume and distribution to warrant comparison with the other time points. Biodegradation of ECM hydrogel implanted 14- and 28-days post-stroke were efficiently (80%) degraded by 14-days post-bioscaffold implantation, whereas implantation 90-days post-stroke revealed only a 60% decrease. Macrophage invasion was robust at 14- and 28-days post-stroke but reduced in the 90-days post-stroke condition. The pro-inflammation (M1) and pro-repair (M2) phenotype ratios were equivalent at all time points, suggesting that the pathological environment determines macrophage invasion, whereas ECM hydrogel defines their polarization. Neural cells (neural progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes) were found at all time points, but a 90-days post-stroke implantation resulted in reduced densities of mature phenotypes. Brain tissue restoration is therefore dependent on an efficient delivery of a bioscaffold to a tissue cavity, with 28-days post-stroke producing the most efficient biodegradation and tissue regeneration, whereas by 90-days post-stroke, these effects are significantly reduced. Improving our understanding of how the pathological environment influences biodegradation and the tissue restoration process is hence essential to devise engineering strategies that could extend the therapeutic window for bioscaffolds to repair the damaged brain.
In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of β-Endorphin and Met-Enkephalin on Leukocyte Locomotion

Publisher Summary Several peptides have been described with chemotactic activity for neutrophils and monocytes. The one most widely studied has been formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (f-MLP). This peptide is a potent chemotactic factor for both monocytes and neutrophils, and recent studies have demonstrated the presence of specific receptors for these peptides on human neutrophils, and monocytes. Although these peptides are potent chemotactic factors, there is no evidence that they are naturally produced by the host, although the production of similar agents by bacteria has been described. Recently the hypotensive, vasodilator and smooth muscle contracting peptide, substance P has been shown to stimulate rabbit neutrophil chemotaxis and lysosomal enzyme release. This neuropeptide also blocks the binding of f-MLP to its receptor, and, therefore, may act through this receptor. Substance P has also been associated with pain transmission. Other nervous system-produced peptides, such as amino and carboxyterminal substituent tetrapeptides of angiotension, have been shown to be chemotactic for human monocytes, with lesser activity for neutrophils. Other studies have shown that human mononuclear phagocytes specifically bind [1125]8-L-arginine-vasopressin, and that vasoactive intestinal polypeptides can be found in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. All of these studies indicate that cells of the immune system may be directly affected by products of the central nervous system. As immigration of leukocytes to a site of inflammation is a primary step in host defense, it is the purpose of this study to determine if P-endorphin or the 5 amino acid constituent of P-endorphin, Met-enkephalin, have any effect on monocyte, lymphocyte or neutrophil locomotor responses.
A dominant negative mutant of TLK1 causes chromosome missegregation and aneuploidy in normal breast epithelial cells.

In Arabidopsis thaliana, the gene Tousled encodes a protein kinase of unknown function, but mutations in the gene lead to flowering and leaf morphology defects. We have recently cloned a mammalian Tousled-L ike K inase (TLK1B) and found that it phosphorylates specifically histone H3, in vitro and in vivo. We now report the effects that overexpression of a kinase-dead mutant of TLK1B mediates in a normal diploid cell line. Expression of a kinase-dead mutant resulted in reduction of phosphorylated histone H3, which could have consequences in mitotic segregation of chromosomes. When analyzed by FACS and microscopy, these cells displayed high chromosome number instability and aneuploidy. This phenomenon was accompanied by less condensed chromosomes at mitosis; failure of a number of chromosomes to align properly on the metaphase plate; failure of some chromosomes to attach to microtubules; and the occasional presentation of two bipolar spindles. We also used a different method (siRNA) to reduce the level of endogenous TLK1, but in this case, the main result was a strong block of cell cycle progression suggesting that TLK1 may also play a role in progression from G1. This block in S phase progression could also offer a different explanation of some of the later mitotic defects. TLK1 has a function important for proper chromosome segregation and maintenance of diploid cells at mitosis in mammalian cells that could be mediated by reduced phosphorylation of histone H3 and condensation of chromosomes, although other explanations to the phenotype are possible.
Estimating node voltages in bipolar circuits using linear programming

This paper addresses the problem of estimating node voltages in bipolar circuits. The node estimation algorithm uses linear programming constraint equations derived from the circuit structure and a heuristic objective function.
Internalization of 125I-human choriogonadotropin in bovine luteal slices. A biochemical study.

Abstract Various intracellular organelles as well as outer cell membranes of bovine corpora lutea intrinsically contain gonadotropin receptors (Rao et al., J biol chem 256 (1981) 2628 [5]). In order to investigate whether exogenously added human Choriogonadotropin (hCG) can internalize and bind to the intracellular sites, bovine luteal slices that had been carefully checked with respect to structural and functional integrity were incubated with 0.1 nM 125 I-hCG. Following incubation, specific radioactivity was found to be associated with various intracellular organelles, but not with cytosol. The order of radioactivity uptake by subcellular organelles following a 2-h incubation was: Golgi medium > Golgi heavy > Golgi light > plasma membranes = rough endoplasmic reticulum > mitochondria-lysosomes> nuclei. The 5′-nucleotidase activity and electron microscopic examination of the fractions revealed that the presence of radioactivity in the intracellular organelles cannot be attributed solely to plasma membrane contamination. The internalization and intracellular binding of 125 I-hCG was time and temperature-dependent. Only excess unlabeled hCG and hLH (but not hCG subunits, FSH and PRL) competed with 125 I-hCG for internalization in luteal slices. Very little or no 125 I-hCG added was internalized in liver or kidney slices; luteal, liver and kidney slices accumulated neither 125 I-BSA nor 125 I. The radioactivity eluted from various luteal subcellular organelles was able to rebind to fresh corresponding organelles and came off Sepharose 6B columns in a position corresponding to native 125 I-hCG. The gel filtration profile of detergent-solubilized radioactivity revealed that 125 I-hCG was macromolecular bound. The degraded and altered 125 I-hCG was found in the incubation media.
Physical modeling of the composting ecosystem.

Abstract A composting physical model with an experimental chamber with a working volume of 14 × 103 cm3 (0.5 ft3) was designed to avoid exaggerated conductive heat loss resulting from, relative to field-scale piles, a disproportionately large outer surface-area-to-volume ratio. In the physical model, conductive flux (rate of heat flow through chamber surfaces) was made constant and slight through a combination of insulation and temperature control of the surrounding air. This control was based on the instantaneous conductive flux, as calculated from temperature differentials via a conductive heat flow model. An experiment was performed over a 10-day period in which control of the composting process was based on ventilative heat removal in reference to a microbially favorable temperature ceiling (temperature feedback). By using the conduction control system (surrounding air temperature controlled), 2.4% of the total heat evolved from the chamber was through conduction, whereas the remainder was through the ventilative mechanisms of the latent heat of vaporization and the sensible temperature increase of air. By comparison, with insulation alone (the conduction control system was not used) conduction accounted for 33.5% of the total heat evolved. This difference in conduction resulted in substantial behavioral differences with respect to the temperature of the composting matrix and the amount of water removed. By emphasizing the slight conduction system (2.4% of total heat flow) as being a better representative of field conditions, a comparison was made between composting system behavior in the laboratory physical model and field-scale piles described in earlier reports. Numerous behavioral patterns were qualitatively similar in the laboratory and field (e.g., temperature gradient, O2 content, and water removal). It was concluded that field-scale composting system behavior can be simulated reasonably faithfully in the physical model.
Adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix in a 20-year-old female: a case report

Adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix is a rare condition mostly occurring among postmenopausal women. Although it can be confused with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix, adenoid basal carcinoma has several clinicopathologic features that will allow distinction from adenoid cystic carcinoma. This is the case of a twenty-year old African-American female who initially presented with a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion on Pap smear, with a subsequent cervical LEEP specimen revealing adenoid basal carcinoma. The lesion showed the characteristic histologic features of adenoid basal carcinoma and was positive for the immunohistochemical marker EMA and negative for collagen IV, further defining the tumor while helping to rule out the possibility of adenoid cystic carcinoma. As far as the authors are aware, this is the youngest reported case of adenoid basal carcinoma to date. This case shows that adenoid basal carcinoma can deviate markedly from its typical postmenopausal demographics to affect women as young as 20 years of age. In addition, adenoid basal carcinoma has several identifiable features that will differentiate it from adenoid cystic carcinoma including histologic and cellular morphologies, as well as immunohistochemistry. Treatment for most patients involves hysterectomy, LEEP, or a conization procedure which provides a favorable prognosis because of this lesion's low potential for recurrence and metastasis.
The effect of material properties on solid line r stability during magnetic implosion

Summary form only given, as follows. We have been conducting studies of both stable and unstable solid aluminum liners in a Z-pinch configuration using a variety of pulse-power sources. The peak magnetic fields produced by these systems have ranged from 0.5 to 1.7 megagauss. Potential applications for such liners include studies of shock formation and propagation, equation of state, strength properties of materials at high strain rates, and the production of megagauss magnetic fields through flux compression. These applications all require a stable, well-characterized liner with reproducible behavior to drive these experiments. Unfortunately, the onset of what has been called Magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, when excessive current is used to drive a liner, has been a limitation on the design of these liners. Conventional wisdom is that only material strength would delay the onset of these instabilities, and once the liner surface has melted the instabilities were free to grow. Analysis of the data from a wide range of experiments and comparison to one- and two-dimensional MHD simulations has permitted us to identify some of the dominant mechanisms that appear to contribute to the onset of these instabilities in a limited but important range of parameters. Careful variations of drive conditions, initial liner surface conditions, and eos properties (including conductivity) in an attempt to predict if a liner would be stable or unstable has brought to light a strong dependence on the nature of the material properties at or near the saturated liquid line of aluminum. Hence, while the nature of the instability may still be fundamentally driven by the acceleration of a fluid interface, the effect is drastically accentuated by the onset of liquid to vapor phase change in super heated liquid aluminum.
An analysis of the 2.6 - 3.7 micron spectrum of R Dor

Here, I present our modelling (Ryde & Eriksson, A&A 2002, 386, 874) of the 2.6 – 3.7 microns spectrum of the red semiregular variable R Doradus observed with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer on board the Infrared Space Observatory.
Separating versus strictly separating vectors

Let S be a linear manifold of Banach space operators which is closed in the strong operator topology. Existence of a disjoint pair of separating vectors does not guarantee reflexivity of S, but S must be reflexive if one of these vectors is strictly separating. S must also be reflexive if all non–zero linear combinations of some independent pair of vectors strictly separate S.
Chronic versus Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection States

This chapter reviews the observations supporting the idea that acute and chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections represent distinct modes of host-pathogen interaction. The virulence factors associated with acute infections and chronic infections are discussed, with a focus on data obtained from human subject-based studies, when possible. P. aeruginosa expresses many virulence factors that can damage host cells and which contribute to infection in both humans and animal models. Ectopic expression of virulence factor regulator (Vfr) in mucA22 strains restored expression of ExoS, type IV pilus (TFP), and elastase, confirming that downregulation of Vfr is responsible for decreased virulence factor expression in mucoid strains under the conditions evaluated in this study. While it is clear that regulators of TFP biogenesis and function are intimately associated with the control of Vfr and cyclic AMP (cAMP) expression, the mechanism that links twitching motility and Vfr remains to be elucidated. rsmZ and rsmY are two sRNAs that interact with the RNA binding protein RsmA. The paper by Bordi and coworkers also provides the first data that rsmY and rsmZ are not functionally redundant. Increased expression of T6SS genes, whose translation is negatively regulated by RsmA, specifically requires increased expression of the rsmZ sRNA. Most bacterial pathogens, P. aeruginosa included, use their virulence factors for the primary purpose of gaining access to nutrients rather than for causing damage to specific hosts. The chapter focuses on a few examples of regulatory networks that broadly impact virulence factor expression.
Modeling and analysis of gate leakage in ultra-thin oxide sub-50nm double gate devices and circuits

Double gate (DG) FET have emerged as the most promising technology for sub-50 nm transistor design. However, analysis and control of the gate tunneling leakage in DGFET is necessary to fully exploit their advantages. In this paper we have modeled (numerically and analytically) and analyzed gate-to-channel leakage in different DGFET structures, namely, doped body symmetric device (SymDG) with polysilicon gates, intrinsic body symmetric device with metal gates (MGDG) and intrinsic body asymmetric device (AsymDG) with different front and back gate materials. It is observed that, use of (near-mid-gap) metal gate and intrinsic body can result in 3-4/spl times/ reduction in gate-to-channel leakage compared to the SymDG structure.
Religion and the Japanese American Incarceration

Abundant scholarship analyzes the United States' incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, but the subject of religion in the camps and religious responses to the incarceration has been long overlooked. The government promised freedom of religion in the camps while encouraging Japanese Americans to consolidate worship into one Buddhist, one Catholic, and one Protestant church in each incarceration center. Incarcerees found strength through fellowship and religious faith. Outside of the camps, progressive Christians tried to alleviate the harms caused by the injustice and increase tolerance around the country. The field offers examples of early race relations work within American Protestantism and introduces the ways in which the government prioritized and attempted to enforce freedom of religion within a fabricated and restricted wartime environment. Further examination of these events will complement studies of 20th century liberal Christianity, American Buddhism, religious liberty and the state, the early civil rights movement, religion and World War II, and Asian American theology.
Number of Transformable Units Per Cell in Diplococcus pneumoniae

Abstract Analysis of frequencies of single and random multiple transformations in Diplococcus pneumoniae showed that there are at least two transformable units per cell of the total population in highly competent cultures. If 100% of the cells are competent in these cases, the units may be interpreted as the strands of one duplex deoxyribonucleic acid recipient chromosome. The theory is developed to allow for extension to more complex situations.
Blood Pressure Standards for Normal Children As Determined Under Office Conditions

Standards for auscultatory blood pressure determinations under office conditions in 120 three-year olds are given here, to supple ment standards published previously for children aged four through 15.Discussed also are suggested thresholds for diagnosing hypertension; improved methods of obtaining reliable pressure readings in three-year olds; and some relationships of blood pressure to weight and height.
A branch-reduce-cut algorithm for the global optimization of probabilistically constrained linear programs

We consider probabilistically constrained linear programs with general distributions for the uncertain parameters. These problems involve non-convex feasible sets. We develop a branch-and-bound algorithm that searches for a global optimal solution to this problem by successively partitioning the non-convex feasible region and by using bounds on the objective function to fathom inferior partition elements. This basic algorithm is enhanced by domain reduction and cutting plane strategies to reduce the size of the partition elements and hence tighten bounds. The proposed branch-reduce-cut algorithm exploits the monotonicity properties inherent in the problem, and requires solving linear programming subproblems. We provide convergence proofs for the algorithm. Some illustrative numerical results involving problems with discrete distributions are presented.
The effect of particle drag relationships on prediction of kinematic wave velocity in fluidized beds

Abstract Most equations of state for fluidized beds have been derived in two different ways, by extending single-particle drag models, and by extending packed bed models. A number of diverse equations have been critically compared, and their limitations explored. When these equations are used to infer kinematic wave velocity, greater disagreement in the predictions is evident. In some cases, the conclusions reached about transient void phenomena may depend upon the equations used.
Permeability and Structure of Junctional Membranes at an Electrotonic Synapse

The dye Procion Yellow M4RS crosses junctional membranes from cytoplasm to cytoplasm at electrotonic synapses between segments of the crayfish septate axon. The dye does not enter the cells from extracellular space. Thus permeability of junctional membranes is qualitatively different from that of nonjunctional membranes. Electron microscopy after fixation in the presence of lanthanum hydroxide indicates that these synapses are "gap junctions" and that there is a network of channels continuous with extracellular space between apposed junctional membranes. These channels must be interlaced with intercytoplasmic channels that are not open to extracellular space.
The Efficacy of Two Training Approaches on Attitudes of Prospective Teachers Toward Mainstreaming

Abstract Favourable attitudes of regular teachers are crucial for the successful integration of handicapped learners; the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two training models on the attitudes of prospective regular education teachers toward mainstreaming. Three groups were compared: a) 14 pre‐service teachers provided with both information about and experience with the handicapped; b) 115 provided with information only; and c) a control group of 124. Two instruments were adminstered as pre‐ and post‐treatment measures. ANCOVA revealed significant differences between groups on total post‐test scores of both scales, and on factor scores. Post hoc t‐tests indicated that scores of the two treatment groups were significantly different from those of the control group but did not differ significantly from each other. Variables related to the improvement of teacher attitudes and the question of their maintenance over time are discussed.
Characteristics associated with interest in long-acting reversible contraception in a postpartum population.

Abstract Background Short interpregnancy intervals lead to adverse perinatal outcomes and could be prevented with increased use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) in the postpartum period. The primary objective of this study was to assess which baseline characteristics are associated with the intent to use LARC among postpartum women. Study Design This study was a substudy of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. Eight hundred women completed a pre-intervention survey of demographics and reproductive health history and intentions. We estimated adjusted relative risks (RRs) of intent to use LARC for baseline characteristics of interest. Results Three hundred three postpartum women (38%) intended to use LARC. Two out of 10 baseline characteristics were significantly associated with intent to use LARC: not trying for pregnancy at time of conception [adjusted RR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–2.1] and no desire for another pregnancy within 2 years (adjusted RR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2–2.8). Conclusions High interest in LARC exists among postpartum women, particularly among women with a recent unintended pregnancy and women who do not desire pregnancy for at least 2 years. Past and future pregnancy intentions should be incorporated into future models and frameworks that evaluate postpartum contraceptive choice. Educational intervention studies are also needed to assess if LARC interest can be increased among postpartum women who are less likely to intend to use LARC but at risk for future adverse perinatal outcomes.
Scales for the measurement of homophily with public figures

This paper reports three factor analytic studies of perceived homophily with public figures. The original instrument was comprised of sixty‐one Likert Scales. Factor analysis produced two interpret...
Development, survival, and fecundity of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), on several host plants

Mortality and developmental rates of the cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter), were affected by the species and maturity of host plants. Survival was higher and development was faster on Croton sp. than on other hosts such as spotted beebalm, Monarda punctata L., cutleaf primrose, Oenothera laciniata Hill, and cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. Also, survival and development rates were higher on flowering plants than on plants in a preflowering growth stage. Predictions of fleahopper development based on temperature data were affected by the host plant. Heat units required for total nymphal development varied from 98.2°C days on flowering croton to 163.2°C-days on preflowering cutleaf primrose.
DOI Determination by Rise Time Discrimination in Single-Ended Readout for TOF PET Imaging

Clinical TOF PET systems achieve detection efficiency using thick crystals, typically of thickness 2-3 cm. The resulting dispersion in interaction depths degrades spatial resolution for increasing radial positions due to parallax error. Furthermore, interaction depth dispersion results in time pickoff dispersion and thus in degraded timing resolution, and is therefore of added concern in TOF scanners. Using fast signal digitization, we characterize the timing performance, pulse shape and light output of LaBr3:Ce, CeBr3 and LYSO. Coincidence timing resolution is shown to degrade by ~50 ps/cm for scintillator pixels of constant cross section and increasing length. By controlling irradiation depth in a scintillator pixel, we show that DOI-dependence of time pickoff is a significant factor in the loss of timing performance in thick detectors. Using the correlated DOI-dependence of time pickoff and charge collection, we apply a charge-based correction to the time pickoff, obtaining improved coincidence timing resolution of <; 200 ps for a uniform 4 × 4 × 30 mm3 LaBr3 pixel. In order to obtain both DOI identification and improved timing resolution, we design a two layer LaBr3[5%Ce]/LaBr3[30%Ce] detector of total size 4 × 4 × 30 mm3, exploiting the dependence of scintillator rise time on [Ce] in LaBr3:Ce . Using signal rise time to determine interaction layer, excellent interaction layer discrimination is achieved, while maintaining coincidence timing resolution of <; 250 ps and energy resolution <; 7% using a R4998 PMT. Excellent layer separation and timing performance is measured with several other commercially-available TOF photodetectors, demonstrating the practicality of this design. These results indicate the feasibility of rise time discrimination as a technique for measuring event DOI while maintaining sensitivity, timing and energy performance, in a well-known detector architecture.
Synthesis of High-Purity Copper(II) Fluoride Dihydrate for Carrier-Distillation Emission Spectroscopy

The preparation and analysis of high-purity copper fluoride dihydrate for use as a carrier in emission spectroscopy is described. Copper metal was oxidized with hydrogen peroxide or nitric acid in the presence of an excess of different grades of hydrofluoric acid. The resulting copper fluoride was analyzed to determine the effect of different factors on the levels of impurities. The quality of the hydrofluoric acid was the main factor affecting the purity of the product. The order of appearance of contaminants during crystallization of copper fluoride is described. Iron, nickel, and manganese gradually appear as the mother liquor is concentrated, while silicon, tin, aluminum, and lead usually contaminate only the lots immediately preceding evaporation of the solution to dryness. Magnesium, regard-less of its concentration in the mother liquor, coprecipitates with all lots of copper fluoride.
Long-term monitoring of COPD using wearable sensors

Activity recognition can provide important contextual information for the diagnosis and treatment of several medical conditions. In COPD patients, measurement of long term physical activity level, combined with physiological parameters such as heart rate and respiration rate can be used for early detection of exacerbations. Using wearable sensors, we can achieve this goal by continuously monitoring the daily activities of COPD patients. Due to low computation power of wearable sensors, typical activity monitoring systems are designed to store or wirelessly transfer raw data from the sensors to a more powerful PC-class computer for classification. While this approach preserves the original data at the highest resolution, it is highly resource-intensive and therefore reduces the lifetime of the wearable sensors due to required storage space, bandwidth, and battery capacity. In this demo, we present an optimized activity monitoring system for COPD patients that performs feature extraction on wearable sensors. Such implementation minimizes the number of radio packets sent by the wearable sensors and eliminates the need to store raw sensor data.
Risk factors: New risk-assessment guidelines—more or less personalized?

The new ACC/AHA cardiovascular-risk guidelines feature updated equations for women, distinct equations for African–American individuals, and include stroke prediction. However, the equations rely on the same traditional risk factors as previous versions, are driven predominantly by age, and curtail the intermediate-risk group, in which personalized risk assessment is recommended.