cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Influence of atomic radiative and collisional processes on the plasma modeling of Mg 1 0 + at low electron densities

In this paper, we report on theoretical calculations of electron-impact excitation cross sections and radiative transition rates for ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{10+}.$ The excitation cross sections were calculated using semirelativistic close-coupling and fully relativistic distorted-wave theory and the radiative rates were determined using semirelativistic and fully relativistic atomic-structure theory. After the solution of the corresponding collisional-radiative equations, the $K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}/K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ $(1s2p{ }^{3}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{1s}^{2}{ }^{1}{S}_{0}$ over $1s2p{ }^{1}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{1s}^{2}{ }^{1}{S}_{0})$ emission line ratio and the $K{\ensuremath{\beta}}_{2}/K{\ensuremath{\beta}}_{1}$ $(1s3p{ }^{3}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{1s}^{2}{ }^{1}{S}_{0}$ over $1s3p{ }^{1}{P}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{1s}^{2}{ }^{1}{S}_{0})$ emission line ratio were calculated as a function of electron temperature and density. The various scattering calculations involving different numbers of levels enabled us to study the influence of resonance structures and cascades from highly excited levels on the collisional-radiative modeling and we found that they have little effect on the level populations. However, even in this ten-times ionized species, the effects of orbital relaxation are found to be important in the determination of accurate electric-dipole radiative transition rates. Both line ratios were found to be strongly affected by whether the magnetic-dipole radiative transition from the $1s2s$ ${}^{3}{S}_{1}$ level to the ground state was included or not. At very low electron densities, the $1s2s$ ${}^{1}{S}_{0}$ two-photon transition to the ground state also has an effect on the $K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{2}/K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ line ratio. In addition, we found that the line ratios are enhanced at high temperatures by radiative and dielectronic recombination from the hydrogenic ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{11+}$ ion. However, the dielectronic satellite lines have no effect on the line ratios for the low-density astrophysical, solar, and magnetic-fusion plasmas considered in this paper.
Abstract LB-42: In vivo screen for novel breast cancer promoting genes.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Mis-regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes causes cancer. Although the evolution of cancer is not conclusive, most evidence supports that tumors arise from collaboration of multiple genes. To better understand the process of breast tumor initiation and cancer progression we carried out an in vivo screen, for genes that promote tumor formation. Our screen was performed using lentiviral transduction of primary murine mammary epithelial cells, and orthotopic implantation into syngeneic recipient mice. Wild type mammary stem cells can regenerate an entire mammary ductal tree in the recipients. We chose a well-characterized ErbB2/Her2 over-expression mouse model as a source of donor cells because HER2 over-expression occurs in >20% of human breast cancer patients. A cDNA library consisting of a “druggable” set of ~1000 genes was screened in 12 subsets segregated by ORF length. Ten months after transplantation the recipient mice were euthanized and DNA from mammary gland tumors was harvested. No tumors formed in mice transplanted with cells into which a control virus had been transduced. Genes from the library that were expressed in the tumors were identified by sequencing. The ability of these genes to drive tumor formation was confirmed by transduction and transplantation into a second cohort of mice. One of the genes identified in this screen is GTF2I repeat domain containing 1 (GTF2IRD1). Multi-focal atypical hyperplasia formed in mammary glands over-expressing GTF2IRD1 while no hyperplasia was seen in the control mice. This effect depends on the expression of ErbB2 because expression of GTF2IRD1 itself in wild type mammary glands did not cause abnormal growth before the end point. Analysis of the cancer genome atlas database demonstrates that GTF2IRD1 expression is significantly increased in invasive breast cancer compared to normal controls. Therefore, our screen has identified a novel tumor-promoting gene that is of potential clinical importance. A major advantage of our method is the use of normal cells of origin and immunocompetent mice. Moreover, it could be expanded to genome-wide searches for new tumor- and metastasis-promoting genes. Citation Format: Yongliang Huo, Ian Macara. In vivo screen for novel breast cancer promoting genes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-42. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-42
The concept of the bacterial battery

Abstract Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to characterize the electrochemical properties of Al 2024 and pure copper in Luria Bertani (LB) medium and in the same medium containing Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (ATCC 700550). Potentiodynamic polarization curves have been used to determine the power output of the Al 2024/Cu battery in the two media. For pure Cu significant changes of the impedance spectra have been found in the presence of the bacteria. The spectra resembled those usually observed for polymer-coated metals. Another unexpected result was the increase of the cell voltage and the maximum power output of the Cu/Al 2024 cell with increasing exposure time in the presence of MR-1.
Studying the emergence of depression and depressive symptoms during adolescence

The special issue on the emergence and maintenance of depression and depressive symptoms is introduced. The special issue considers two typically separate lines of research, one focusing on severe clinical depression and another on depressive symptoms. The biological, social, and cognitive factors contributing to the emergence of depression in adolescence are highlighted in this special issue.
Numerical solution of Volterra integral and integro-differential equations with rapidly vanishing convolution kernels

Variable stepsize algorithms for the numerical solution of nonlinear Volterra integral and integro-differential equations of convolution type are described. These algorithms are based on an embedded pair of Runge–Kutta methods of order p=5 and p=4 proposed by Dormand and Prince with interpolation of uniform order p=4. They require O(N) number of kernel evaluations, where N is the number of steps. The cost of the algorithms can be further reduced for equations that have rapidly vanishing convolution kernels, by using waveform relaxation iterations after computing the numerical approximation by variable stepsize algorithm on some initial interval.
THE STABILITY OF DYNAMIC RENT-SEEKING GAMES

The asymptotical stability of the equilibrium in dynamic rent-seeking games is examined. Both discrete and continuous time scales are considered. Sufficient, necessary and sufficient stability conditions are derived and then economic interpretations are discussed. Special cases of linear production functions are used to illustrate the conditions.
SEASONAL VARIABILITY IN PHOSPHORUS SPECIATION AND DEPOSITION IN A CALCAREOUS, EUTROPHIC LAKE

Abstract Settling particulate matter was collected in sediment traps from the major depositional basin of Onondaga Lake, a calcareous, eutrophic lake in Syracuse, New York, U.S.A. Sediment traps were deployed at three depths from July to November and for a brief period under ice cover in February to investigate both vertical and seasonal variations in sedimentation. A sequential chemical extraction (fractionation) method was applied to the collected material to quantify the following phosphorus (P) fractions, or forms: loosely bound-P (sorbed-P, CaCO3 associated-P, and Fe and Al bound-P), extractable biogenic-P (easily degradable organic-P and biogenic inorganic poly phosphates), calcium mineral-P (e.g., apatite), and refractory organic-P. Extractable biogenic-P and refractory organic-P were strongly correlated, suggesting a common, autochthonous origin in plankton. Calcium mineral-P appears to be of terrigenous origin. A dramatic increase in the loosely bound-P content of the particulate matter was observed during fall turnover when dissolved Fe2+, which had accumulated in the anoxic hypolimnion, mixed with the surface waters and oxidized with attendant adsorption of P. We estimate that the labile-, or exchangeable-P (i.e. loosely bound- and extractable biogenic-P forms) content of the settling particulates constitutes ~ 50% of the total P influx to the sediments over the period of study. The labile-P flux over the July–November study period was 11 mg P m−2 day−1 and the labile-P flux estimated from sediment traps deployed under ice cover was 6 mg P m−2 day−1. From these values the annual average labile-P flux to the sediments was estimated to be 9 mg P m−2 day−1, only slightly less than the estimated annual average sediment P release rate of 10 mg P m−2 day−1. This indicates that the sediments are approximately at steady state with respect to current external P loadings to the lake.
The effect of unions on employee benefits: Updated employer expenditure results

As a practical matter, employee benefits are probably more important than ever to workers and employers so research on various aspects of benefits continues to be important. A legitimate part of the ongoing research literature is periodically checking the earlier results to see which relationships have remained constant and which have changed. With respect to the connections between labor unions and employee benefits, the theoretical and empirical framework established by Freeman and Medoff’s (1984) two faces of unionism continues to (appropriately) dominate the contemporary research agenda.
Anomalous phonon damping in insulating cuprates

Measurements of the in-plane (κab) and out-of-plane (κc) thermal conductivity for insulating cuprate crystals are discussed along with new measurements for YBa2Cu3O6, and PrBa2Cu3O6, where both κab and κc are twice the magnitude previously reported for this material. An unusual temperature (T) dependence of κab in cuprates with apical oxygen indicates the onset of strong phonon damping for T < 200–250K. Along with dielectric and elastic anomalies reported in this regime, the data suggest the occurrence of a structural phase transition, involving rotations of the CuO polyhedra about an in-plane axis. The role of such local distortions in the thermal transport of superconducting compounds and the superconducting-state enhancement of κab are discussed.
Streptozocin-induced diabetes mellitus in the pregnant ewe

To evaluate the effects of streptozocin on maternal pancreatic beta-cell function, we administered the agent to 14 pregnant ewes at 85 to 90 days' gestation on two occasions, 4 days apart. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed before the initial administration, before the second dose, and 4 weeks after the final dose of streptozocin. There was a significant elevation in maternal fasting blood glucose (82 +/- 8.1 mg/dl before streptozocin and 102.6 +/- 6.8 mg/dl after streptozocin, p less than 0.05). Five late-gestation ewes were used as controls, and a significant elevation in fasting plasma glucose levels was found in the streptozocin-treated animals (71.4 +/- 7.1 mg/dl control vs 102.6 +/- 6.8 mg/dl after streptozocin, p less than 0.05). The glucose tolerance test curves showed a significant elevation 4 weeks after streptozocin compared with before streptozocin (p less than 0.05). The maternal insulin response to streptozocin demonstrated a loss of the second-phase insulin response to the glucose load after one dose of streptozocin and loss of the first phase after two doses. The fetuses of the streptozocin-treated ewes showed a significant elevation in plasma glucose level compared with that of controls (13.3 +/- 0.8 mg/dl, n = 5) vs 42.1 +/- 8.1 mg/dl, n = 10; p less than 0.05, control vs streptozocin, respectively). There was a consistent trend to fetal hyperinsulinemia in the fetuses of the streptozocin-treated ewes, although this did not achieve statistical significance (3.3 +/- 0.8 microIU/ml, n = 5 vs 9.6 +/- 2.5 microIU/ml, n = 10; p = 0.06, control vs streptozocin, respectively). The fetal insulin/glucose ratio was preserved in the streptozocin-treated ewes. Comparison of fetal weights between the control and diabetic ewes showed a significant increase in fetal weight in the fetuses of diabetic ewes (3280 +/- 46 gm in control fetuses vs 3710 +/- 54 gm in diabetic fetuses, p less than 0.05). The alterations in the maternal glucose and insulin response resulting from streptozocin-induced pancreatic beta-cell destruction combined with elevations in fetal glucose, insulin, and weight provides a large animal model suitable for investigation of gestational diabetes in pregnancy.
On classification and segmentation of massive audio data streams

In recent years, the proliferation of VOIP data has created a number of applications in which it is desirable to perform quick online classification and recognition of massive voice streams. Typically such applications are encountered in real time intelligence and surveillance. In many cases, the data streams can be in compressed format, and the rate of data processing can often run at the rate of Gigabits per second. All known techniques for speaker voice analysis require the use of an offline training phase in which the system is trained with known segments of speech. The state-of-the-art method for text-independent speaker recognition is known as Gaussian mixture modeling (GMM), and it requires an iterative expectation maximization procedure for training, which cannot be implemented in real time. In many real applications (such as surveillance) it is desirable to perform the recognition process in online time, so that the system can be quickly adapted to new segments of the data. In many cases, it may also be desirable to quickly create databases of training profiles for speakers of interest. In this paper, we discuss the details of such an online voice recognition system. For this purpose, we use our micro-clustering algorithms to design concise signatures of the target speakers. One of the surprising and insightful observations from our experiences with such a system is that while it was originally designed only for efficiency, we later discovered that it was also more accurate than the widely used GMM. This was because of the conciseness of the micro-cluster model, which made it less prone to over training. This is evidence of the fact that it is often possible to get the best of both worlds and do better than complex models both from an efficiency and accuracy perspective. We present experimental results illustrating the effectiveness and efficiency of the method.
Isoprenoid metabolism in the vertebrate retina

Herein, studies concerning the biosynthesis, intracellular transport and utilization of isoprenoid lipids in vertebrate retinas are reviewed, with particular regard to rod photoreceptor cells and the assembly of rod outer segment (ROS) disk membranes. Initial in vitro studies with bovine retinas showed that [3H]mevalonate is metabolized primarily to squalene and 'methylated' sterols, rather than to cholesterol. Subsequently, similar results were obtained with frog retinas using [3H]acetate as a precursor, and the absolute rate of the sterol pathway was determined in vitro with 3H2O. With the aid of vesicular transport inhibitors, energy poisons, and reduced temperature, it was demonstrated that lipid and protein trafficking mechanisms in the rod cell are separate and independent from one another. In vivo, the majority of newly synthesized squalene in the frog retina is not metabolized to sterols; rather, it is transported to the ROS, where it turns over in parallel with the disk membranes. The remaining squalene is converted slowly to cholesterol, much of which becomes incorporated into the ROS. In contrast, the in vivo metabolism of [3H]acetate to cholesterol in the rat retina is relatively efficient and rapid. However, in both frog and rat, retinal cholesterol turnover is slow (> 60 days), suggesting the existence of a retention mechanism that minimizes the need for de novo biosynthesis. The use of pharmacological approaches to assess the biological roles of isoprenoid lipids and protein prenylation in the retina and the mechanism of retinal cholesterol homeostasis are discussed.
Programmable real-time incoherent matrix multiplier for optical processing.

An edge-addressed optical matrix processing system based in part on outer product decomposition is presented that not only can perform matrix–matrix multiplication but also many linear signal processing functions such as correlation and convolution, the calculation of the cross-ambiguity function, the matrix inversion, and histogram generation. Techniques for handling complex data are also presented.
Coarctation of a right-sided aortic arch and an unusual vascular ring.

The clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and surgical therapy of a coarcted right‐sided aortic arch associated with a vascular ring are described.
C-Aryl glycosides via tandem intramolecular benzyne-furan cycloadditions. Total synthesis of vineomycinone B2 methyl ester.

The vineomycins are a group of glycosidic antibiotics that were isolated from a culture of Streptomyces matensis vineus and found to be active against Gram-positive bacteria and sarcoma-180 solid tumors in mice.1 Acid-catalyzed methanolysis of vineomycin B2 furnished the aglycone vineomycinone B2 methyl ester (1). Bearing an olivose residue appended to one ring of the anthrarufin core, 1 is a representative member of the C-aryl glycoside family of natural products.2 A 3(R)-hydroxyisovaleryl side chain adorns the opposite side of the core making vineomycinone B2 methyl ester an intriguing target of modest complexity. Indeed, the structure of 1 coupled with its potential anticancer activity has rendered vineomycinone B2 methyl ester the object of a number of investigations, four of which have culminated in total syntheses.3 Despite these successes, there remains ample opportunity for the development of new chemistries.
Excitation of two-particle-one-hole high-spin states in the 45Sc(p,n)45Ti reaction at 136 MeV.

The $^{45}\mathrm{Sc}$(p,n${)}^{45}$Ti reaction was studied at 135 MeV with a beam-swinger system. Neutron kinetic energies were measured by the time-of-flight technique, with neutron detectors located in three detector stations at 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 24\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, and 45\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} with respect to the undeflected beam. Flight paths of 131.0, 131.1, and 81.3 m were used. The overall timing resolution was about 825 ps, providing energy resolutions of 320 keV in the first two stations and 520 keV in the third. The wide-angle spectra are dominated by a complex at ${\mathit{E}}_{\mathit{x}}$=4.3 MeV. The angular distribution for this complex is fitted well by a distorted-wave impulse approximation calculation for an assumed ${\mathit{J}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}$=17/${2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$,19/${2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ (\ensuremath{\pi}${\mathit{f}}_{7/2}^{2}$,\ensuremath{\nu}${\mathit{f}}_{7/2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$) doublet. The spectra and angular distribution are consistent with (p,${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\pi}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$) excitations of the same states and are in good agreement with a full 1f-2p shell-model calculation. The 17/${2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$,19/${2}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ strength predicted by distorted-wave impulse approximation calculations using these shell-model wave functions is in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
Characterization and error-correcting codes for TLC flash memories

Flash memory has become the storage medium of choice in portable consumer electronic applications, and high performance solid state drives (SSDs) are also being introduced into mobile computing, enterprise storage, data warehousing, and data-intensive computing systems. On the other hand, flash memory technologies present major challenges in the areas of device reliability, endurance, and energy efficiency. In this work, the error behavior of TLC flash is studied through an empirical database of errors which were induced by write, read, and erase operations. Based on this database, error characterization at the block and page level is given. To address the observed error behavior, a new error-correcting scheme for TLC flash is given and is compared with BCH and LDPC codes.
Multiple solutions of a class of nonlinear hyperbolic problems

Linear comparison results are derived and applied to develop iterative schemes for a class of nonlinear hyperbolic problems. Sharpness of the results is illustrated by examples.
Is there a role for herpes zoster vaccine in chronic pain management

(2007). Is There a Role for Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Chronic Pain Management? Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 99-100.
Mule Deer Milk

An adult Rocky Mountain mule deer doe ( Odocoileus hemionius hemionius ) was shot about 6 am, July 10, 1954. The doe, gross weight 132 lbs., 117 cm. crown-rump length, and estimated from her teeth wear according to the technic of Severinghaus (1949) to be about two years of age, was collected on Trisky Creek, National Bison Range. There was found upon autopsy only one large corpus luteum. The …
Response to Barbara Green, How Are the Mighty Fallen?

Barbara Green's monograph, How Are the Mighty Fallen?, opens new vistas for the interpretation of 1 Samuel. After a summary of some basic points of Green's work, she is engaged following three categories that she sets out for her readers: (1) 1 Samuel as part of the Deuteronomistic History addressing an exilic audience; (2) the reading strategy of Mikhail Bakhtin; (3) the attempt at a "co-authorial" reading based on Green's commitment to "biblical spirituality." Green is largely successful in her enterprise as she evokes dialogue in her readers and holds out to them, as does Bakhtin, the "unfinalizable" nature of language.
Pre-service and beginning teachers’ professional identity and its relation to dropping out of the profession

Abstract This study explores different perceptions of pre-service and beginning teachers’ professional identity in relation to their decisions to leave the profession. Teachers’ professional identity was further broken down into six factors: value, efficacy, commitment, emotions, knowledge and beliefs, and micropolitics. This study employed mixed-methods which included 84 participant surveys, and 27 interviews from four groups of participants at different stages of teaching. The findings of this study showed that pre-service teachers tended to have naive and idealistic perceptions of teaching, and dropout teachers showed most emotional burnout. Implications for improvement of teacher education and retention of beginning teachers are discussed.
Permeability of interstitial space of muscle (rat diaphragm) to solutes of different molecular weights

The transport characteristics of muscle interstitial space were determined using an isolated rat diaphragm preparation. Permeability of the interstitial space for extracellular solutes is one-thirtieth to one-fiftieth that of an equivalent thickness of water. However, most of this low permeability can be accounted for by correcting for the tortuosity and relative volume of interstitial space. The estimated diffusivity of solutes (mol. wt. 100-70,000) in the interstitial space of muscle is only about one-half to one-fifth less than in water alone.
Anímate by DOMÍNGUEZ, MARCELA, DEBBIE RUSCH, & LUCÍA CAYCEDO GARNER

The article reviews the book "Animate," by Marcela Dominguez, Debbie Rusch, and Lucia Caycedo Garner.
Dynamic Material Balance Equation and Solution Technique Using Production and PVT Data

This paper presents a method that allows the simultaneous determination of the initial oil-in-place (N), ratio of initial gas to oil (m), reservoir permeability (K) or skin factor (S), and average pressure decline history of a reservoir from the combination of a solution to the material balance equation and pressure transient analysis theory. Cumulative production history and pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) data of the reservoir are used without any pressure data. The measured cumulative production from a reservoir, because it captures the processes that occur throughout the life cycle of the reservoir, is expected, especially for a fully developed reservoir, to give global reservoir-wide heterogeneity effects and also the extent and size of the reservoir. By accurately measuring and analyzing the production performance and how it changes with time, we are able to determine how the average pressure in the reservoir is declining and how large the reservoir is. By introducing a time variable into the classical material balance equation (MBE) and combining the solutions of the resulting equations with the theory of pressure transient analysis, the cumulative production history of the reservoir and readily available PVT data of the reservoir fluids provide an estimate not only of the original reserves in place, but also determine the average reservoir pressure decline history as indicated by the net fluid withdrawal from the reservoir. The reservoir permeability and skin factor as seen within the drainage area of each producing well can then be estimated from the already determined average pressure decline history. This is obtained from equations derived from solutions to analytical pressure-transient analysis equations. The solution method considers the material balance equation and its derivative with time to obtain the reservoir average pressure history as predicted by the measured net fluid withdrawals from the reservoir. This method assumes a fully-developed bounded reservoir in which no flow exist across its boundary. The obtained average reservoir pressure, N and m values, can then be used to estimate for each producing well, the reservoir permeability (as seen at the well) and/or the skin factor for the well from its production rate history. This method is very useful because the analysis procedure can easily be programmed and solved with a computer without much input from the user.
Population analyses of amlodipine in patients living in the community and patients living in nursing homes.

Objective Our objective was to determine the effects of age, sex, and morbidity on the apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of amlodipine. Methods Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed on data from 211 patients receiving oral racemic amlodipine (dose of 7.2±3.6 mg/d [mean±SD]) on a long-term basis. Of the patients, 105 were men, with a mean age of 72±13 years and lean body weight (LBW) of 60.7±7.6 kg, and 106 were women, with a mean age of 79±11 years and LBW of 44.2±6.0 kg; 119 lived in the community, 20 in assisted living facilities, and 72 in nursing homes. Amlodipine was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Population analyses were performed by use of NONMEM with sex, age, race, living site, alcohol intake, and concomitant medications considered as covariates. The significance of covariates was determined by likelihood ratio tests. Results Female sex and living in a nursing home were associated with a faster CL/F compared with men and community-dwelling patients, respectively. The mean CL/F was 7.83±0.50 mL·min−1·kg−1 (LBW) in women compared with 6.31±1.01 in men and 8.68±1.00 mL·min−1·kg−1 in nursing home residents compared with 6.32±1.17 in community-dwelling patients. Increasing age was associated with decreasing CL/F only in community-dwelling patients and residents of assisted living facilities. Conclusions In middle-aged and very old (>80 years) patients, amlodipine CL/F was faster in women compared with men and was faster in nursing home residents compared with community-dwelling patients, with increasing age decreasing CL/F only in community-dwelling patients and residents of assisted-living facilities. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2006) 79, 114–124; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2005.09.007
The Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer

BACKGROUND The psychological difficulties facing men with prostate cancer are acknowledged widely, yet identifying men who may benefit from mental health treatment has proven to be a challenging task. The authors developed the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) to facilitate the identification and assessment of men with prostate cancer-related anxiety. This scale consists of three subscales that measure general prostate cancer anxiety, anxiety related to prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in particular, and fear of recurrence. METHODS Ambulatory men with prostate cancer (n = 385 patients) were recruited from clinics throughout the United States. Prior to routine PSA tests, participants completed a baseline assessment packet that included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Distress Thermometer; the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale, Prostate Module; and measures of role functioning, sleep, and urinary functioning. PSA values from the last three tests also were collected. Follow-up evaluation was completed within 2 weeks after patients learned of their PSA test result using a subset of these scales. RESULTS Analysis of the MAX-PC revealed a high degree of internal consistency and test-retest reliability for the total score and for the three subscales, although reliability was somewhat weaker for the PSA Anxiety Scale. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by correlations between the MAX-PC and measures of anxiety. Overall changes in PSA levels were correlated only modestly with changes in MAX-PC scores (correlation coefficient, 0.13; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The MAX-PC appears to be a valid and reliable measure of anxiety in men with prostate cancer receiving ambulatory care. Cancer 2003;97:2910–8. © 2003 American Cancer Society. DOI 10.1002/cncr.11386
Intracellular binding of lead in the kidney: the partial isolation and characterization of postmitochondrial lead binding components.

Abstract Gel chromatography of kidney postmitochondrial fractions from control rats 2 hr after injection of 203Pb or after in vitro incubation with 203Pb disclosed the presence of two fractionated Pb-binding components plus binding in the void volume and total volume regions. The binding of Pb to the two components, with molecular weights of 11,500 and 63,000 daltons, was markedly decreased in Pb-pretreated rats. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and autoradiography showed the presence of one major 203Pb band with an estimated molecular weight of 60,000 daltons. The 11,500-dalton peak did not incorporate 14C-leucine nor did concomitant administration of cycloheximide with the 203Pb inhibit incorporation of 203Pb activity, suggesting that the component is a preformed constituent of the kidney. In vitro incubation of brain, liver and lung postmitochondrial supernatants with 203Pb disclosed that these two binding components were also present in brain but not in liver or lung, suggesting a target tissue-specific localization for these Pb-binding macromolecules.
Comparing methods for the assessment of reproductive activity in adult male loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta at Cape Canaveral, Florida

In an attempt to better understand the reproductive cycle of adult male loggerhead sea turtles, several techniques were used to assess their reproductive activity, including plastron-softness analysis, ultrasonography, laparoscopy, testicular biopsy samples, and measuring testosterone levels. Stress levels were evaluated on a subset of turtles by measuring testosterone and corticosterone concentrations after capture and before release. A total of 40 adult males were captured in the Port Canaveral shipping channel in April of 2006 and 2007. Four turtles were classified as reproductively inactive based on laparoscopic examination, histology of the testes, and testosterone levels. The rel- ative area of plastron softness was significantly lower for the inactive males compared to the active males. Ultrasonography proved to be a promising tool, as we were able to visualize both the testes and epididymides on the turtles examined. Furthermore, we found no statistical difference in epi- didymal duct diameters measured by ultrasonography and during laparoscopy, suggesting that ultra- sonography could be used successfully as a substitute for laparoscopic surgery. Finally, testosterone levels separated into 2 distinct groups, with concentrations of the inactive males below 5 ng ml -1 , and concentrations of the active males reaching 188 ng ml -1 . We conclude that in order to reduce stress levels due to capture and handling, especially during laparoscopy, ultrasonography and plastron analysis could be used together as a way to determine the reproductive activity of adult males in the field. The results from this study also suggest that not all adult males participate in mating activity each year.
The conduction system and arrhythmias in common atrioventricular canal

Abstract Atrioventricular (AV) canal defects are characterized by deficiencies in the atrial and ventricular septum. These defects result in posterior displacement of the conduction system with hypoplasia of the left anterior fascicle. The abnormal development of the conduction system results in a characteristic electrocardiogram consisting of a prolonged PR interval, left axis deviation, an initial counterclockwise frontal plane loop, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Arrhythmias are found in unrepaired patients as they reach the second and third decades of life. As surgical repair is usually performed during the first decade of life, these are now uncommonly seen. Postoperatively these patients are susceptible to complete AV block as well as other arrhythmias that are encountered following atrial or ventricular septal defect repair.
Metabolism of the calcium antagonist, mibefradil (POSICOR, Ro 40-5967). Part III. Comparative pharmacokinetics of mibefradil and its major metabolites in rat, marmoset, cynomolgus monkey and man.

1. The metabolism of mibefradil has been examined in rat, marmoset, cynomolgus monkey and man after single and multiple oral administration. 2. Metabolites typically represent between 50 and 80% of the circulating drug-related material after single oral doses of mibefradil to man, rat and marmoset. They arise by a combination of enzymatic processes: cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation at saturated and unsaturated carbon atoms, cytochrome P450-catalysed dealkylation and hydrolysis of the ester side-chain. 3. Plasma levels of mibefradil in the cynomolgus monkey are extremely low as a result of very efficient first-pass hydrolysis of its side-chain to give the corresponding alcohol. Steady-state concentrations of this metabolite are comparable with those of the parent drug in man and marmoset, but are relatively low in rat plasma. 4. Hydroxylation at the benzylic carbon of the tetrahydronaphthyl ring leads to further important metabolites in primates, whereas the products of O - and N -demethylation are found...
Cooperative sensor networks with misinformed nodes

The communication capacity of Cooperative SEnsor Networks with Mobile Access (C-SENMA) is considered when some sensors may be misinformed with erroneous messages. It is assumed that a global message is first distributed to all the nodes, each node receiving the message correctly with probability 1-/spl beta/. The nodes cooperate in delivering the global message to the mobile access point. Three system configurations are discussed based on whether a polling channel and/or an energy constraint are present. The first type is C-SENMA with Polling with No Energy constraints (PNE), where the mobile access point has the ability to poll individual sensors. Without energy constraints, each sensor can transmit for an unlimited number of times. The second type is C-SENMA with No Polling with No Energy constraints (NPNE), where adaptive polling is not allowed and sensors have to transmit according to a predetermined schedule. The third type is C-SENMA with No Polling with an Energy constraint (NPE), where each node has a limit on the number of transmissions. The capacities of the three system configurations are analyzed. It is shown that, the capacity for C-SENMA PNE is the same as that when there are no misinformed sensors. For C-SENMA NPNE, with the absence of the polling channel, there is a loss on the achievable rate, proportional to /spl beta/, the probability that a sensor is misinformed. Results are extended to multiple simultaneous transmissions with the presence of channel fading. The optimal number of simultaneous transmissions is investigated under three different fading situations.
X-Ray Variability Coherence: How to Compute It, What It Means, and How It Constrains Models of GX 339-4 and Cygnus X-1

We describe how the coherence function—a Fourier frequency–dependent measure of the linear correlation between time series measured simultaneously in two energy channels—can be used in conjunction with energy spectra, power spectra, and time delays between energy channels to constrain models of the spectrum and variability of X-ray binaries. Here we present a procedure for estimating the coherence function in the presence of counting noise. We apply this method to the black hole candidates Cyg X-1 and GX 33924 and find that the near-perfect coherence between low- and high-energy X-ray photons rules out a wide range of models that postulate spatially extended fluctuating emission, thermal flares, and overlapping shot noise.
Mohs surgery. Technique, indications, applications, and the future.

• Each year, it is estimated, more than 500,000 new cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer develop. 1-3 The majority of these cutaneous neoplasms are treated by various modalities that include excision, 4-6 electrodesiccation and curettage, 7-9 cryosurgery, 10,11 and irradiation, 12,13 with greater than 90% success. 3,14,15 Certain of the remaining primary tumors, as well as recurrent carcinomas, present a demanding therapeutic challenge. For these lesions, Mohs surgery has evolved as the most reliable and cost-effective treatment modality, offering maximal preservation of normal tissue and therefore the lowest functional and cosmetic morbidity. 1,3,16-24 In this review, the history and evolution of Mohs surgery and the technique itself will be briefly outlined. The indications for Mohs surgery, together with methods of handling the postoperative wound and future applications of the technique, will be discussed in detail. ( Arch Dermatol 1983;119:761-773)
Sacral insufficiency stress fracture as etiology of positional autonomic dysreflexia: Case report

The medical literature is replete with case reports of the syndrome known as autonomic dysreflexia. Although the majority of cases are known to be induced by either bladder or bowel distention, there does exist a small number of cases in which the inciting stimulus is more obscure. In such cases, a comprehensive medical evaluation is necessary to ensure proper identification of the source of irritation and the appropriate medical management of the patient. We present a patient with a heretofore unreported suspected etiology of autonomic dysreflexia, axial loading of a sacral stress fracture.
Constitutive equations for hot-working of metals

Abstract Elevated temperature deformation processing - “hot-working,” is an important step during the manufacturing of most metal products. Central to any successful analysis of a hot-working process is the use of appropriate rate and temperature-dependent constitutive equations for large, interrupted inelastic deformations, which can faithfully account for strain-hardening, the restoration processes of recovery and recrystallization and strain rate and temperature history effects. In this paper we develop a set of phenomenological, internal variable type constitutive equations describing the elevated temperature deformation of metals. We use a scalar and a symmetric, traceless, second-order tensor as internal variables which, in an average sense, represent an isotropic and an anisotropic resistance to plastic flow offered by the internal state of the material. In this theory, we consider small elastic stretches but large plastic deformations (within the limits of texturing) of isotropic materials. Special cases (within the constitutive framework developed here) which should be suitable for analyzing hot-working processes are indicated.
Analysis and Design of Evanescent Mode Waveguide Filter with Non-Touching E-Plane Fins

The analysis and design of evanescent mode waveguide filters with non-touching E-plane fins are presented. The theoretical analysis is based on the generalized scattering matrix technique in conjunction with the spectral domain approach and mode matching method. The mesasured filter responses in Ka band (26.5-40.0 GHz) are in good agreement with those obtained by analysis.
Capture! From Big Eight to Big Four to regulation

This paper examines the evolution of the US public accounting industry from providers of audit services to ultimate regulation by a quasi-government agency. During the past 30 years, consolidation within the industry led to the counterintuitive result of increased competition for audit services. The economic difficulties at the start of this century revealed deficiencies in audit quality, caused in part by the joint sale of audit, tax, and consulting services. With regulation, remaining Big Four firms now have the enforcement mechanism to reduce competition in the price of audits with the risk of total business failure removed.
Mars residual north polar cap: Earth‐based spectroscopic confirmation of water ice as a major constituent and evidence for hydrated minerals

A description is presented of new earth-based reflectance spectra of the Martian north residual polar cap. The spectra indicate that the composition is at least mostly water ice plus another component with a 'gray' reflectance. The other minerals in the ice cap appear to be hydrated. The data were obtained with a cooled circular variable filter spectrometer on February 20, 1978, using the 2.2-m telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. It is pointed out that the identification of water ice in the north polar cap alone does not indicate that water makes up all or even most of the bulk of the cap. Kieffer (1970) has shown that a small amount of water will mask the spectral features of CO2.
Origin of the Electric Motor

Had it not been for the efforts of men like Davenport, De Jacobi, and Page, the benefits of the electric motor would not be enjoyed today. It is the purpose of this article to trace briefly the early history of the science of electro-motion and, in particular, to bring to light and to honor the inventor of the electric motor.
Seek first to understand

A recent study suggests that doctors often diminish effective time with patients by talking about themselves in a manner that does not improve the patient visit and is sometimes disruptive to it. Good care requires hearing what the patient has to say, as the doctor cannot set proper goals for a visit without knowing the patient's agenda. Listening to the patient is the key both to good patient care and to caring for the patient.
Microwave studies of color centers in barium oxide

Abstract Electron spin-resonance absorption measurements have been made at 9300 Mc/sec on BaO crystals with excess barium. No spin resonance is observed which can be associated with the imperfection responsible for the optical absorption band at 2.0 eV. A resonance is observed in some crystals which can be identified as arising from an F -center, i.e., a single electron trapped at an oxygen vacancy in the lattice. This resonance shows a strong central line at g = 1.936 ± 0.006, and four satellite lines, spaced 68 G apart. This pattern is consistent with the assumption of an F -center as the source. Since the F -center is observed, but is not correlated with the 2.0-eV optical absorption, it is concluded that the center responsible for the 2.0-eV band is probably an F -center, i.e., two electrons trapped at the oxygen vacancy. Large non-resonant microwave losses are also observed in the colored crystals. The present measurements are unable to distinguish between conduction in colloidal barium particles and electronic conduction in crystalline BaO itself as the source of the large losses.
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: A New Perspective

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) was found to have no negative effect on the export performance of American industry. Market share of U.S. industry in countries where the FCPA is reported to be an important trade disincentive was compared with U.S. market share in other countries. No differences were discovered.
The clearance of urea and sucrose from isotonic and hypertonic fluids perfused through the ventriculo-cisternal system

The ventriculo-cisternal perfusion technique was utilized in anaesthetized goats to investigate the clearance of urea and sucrose from isotonic and hypertonic perfusion fluids. Diffusional outflux coefficients of 0.114±0.015 (SEM) and 0.030±0.003 ml/min were found for urea and sucrose, respectively, in the isotonic (control) perfusions; these coefficients increased by 40% and 83%, respectively, in the hypertonic (0.40 osmolal) perfusions. Changes in ventricular hydrostatic pressure were not of sufficient magnitude, and changes in fluid accretion (osmotic flow from brain to ventricular fluid) were not in the right direction, to explain the enhanced clearance of nonelectrolytes in the experimental perfusions. The outflux coefficient data, together with previously reported osmometric data, support the hypothesis that the increased clearance of urea and sucrose from the hypertonic perfusion fluids is primarily the result of expansion of intercellular channels (due to cell shrinkage) between ependymal and parenchymal cells. Some of the factors affecting indicator clearance from isotonic perfusion fluid (e.g. perfusion rate, unilateral vs. bilateral ventriculo-cisternal perfusion, anesthetic, and anatomical barriers) have been further evaluated.
Ecology of the Land Snails Mesodon thyroidus and Allogona profunda

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