cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Retroperitoneal Bleed Induced by Enoxaparin Therapy

Retroperitoneal bleeding is one of the most serious, potentially lethal complications of anticoagulation therapy. Although well documented in fully heparinized and coumadinized patients, there are only few reports of life-threatening hemorrhages in low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)-treated patients. We present a case of almost fatal spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding in a 71-year-old woman with pneumonia and acute coronary syndrome. After receiving combination therapy with Lovenox (enoxaparin), aspirin, and Plavix for 5 days, she developed acute hemorrhagic shock and possible intra-abdominal compartment syndrome. Urgent computed tomography scan of the abdomen and pelvis was performed and showed a left retroperitoneal hematoma. The patient's condition continued to deteriorate, which prompted emergent exploration. After evacuating 3 L of free blood from the peritoneal cavity, we managed to stabilize the patient. Our case of spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding adds to the growing number of cases in which enoxaparin has been associated with severe bleeding. A high index of suspicion is necessary if the patient displays any of the signs and symptoms that suggest major hemorrhage. It appears that those at highest risk receive doses approaching 1 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hours, have renal impairment, are of advanced age, and receive concomitant medications that can affect hemostasis. On average, a retroperitoneal hematoma occurs within 5 days of therapy with enoxaparin. In high-risk patients, enoxaparin activity (anti-factor Xa) should be carefully monitored.
Putting the World in Its “Proper Colour”: Exploring Hand-Coloring in Early Modern Maps

This article explores the utility of X-Ray Florescence (XRF) in identifying pigments used in early modern hand-colored prints. Published accounts of the use of XRF on hand-colored documents are rare. As a consequence, historians and conservators know little about the pigments used in hand-colored prints, information that is not only vital for the preservation of extant colored documents, but also essential for helping historians periodize hand-coloring and assess its usage. In collaboration with the Preservation, Research, and Testing Division (PRTD) at the Library of Congress, this study compared early modern coloring manuals with XRF analysis of printed and hand-colored cartographic compilations from Amsterdam (Fredrik de Wit, Atlas, c. 1688 printing) and London (Richard Blome, Geographical Descriptions of the Four Parts of the World, c. 1670 printing).The combination of textual and technological analysis resulted in a more nuanced understanding of the materials used in hand-coloring prints in early mod...
Contributions of Observed Parent Socialization of Coping and Skin Conductance Level Reactivity to Childhood Adjustment

This research examined the longitudinal association between parent socialization of coping and child adjustment, as well as the moderating role of children's skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR). Participants were a community sample of children (n = 64, M age = 9.02, 54.5% females, 93.2% Caucasian) and their parent(s). Parent coping suggestions were observed while their child engaged in a stressful challenge task, during which the child's SCLR, a measure of children's physiological reactivity to stress, was also measured. Parent(s) completed the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) at baseline and a 6-month follow-up to assess internalizing and externalizing problems. Results revealed that secondary control engagement suggestions predicted fewer internalizing problems over time. In addition, disengagement suggestions predicted fewer externalizing problems over time among children with high SCLR. This study provides evidence that parent coping suggestions serve as a resource that protects youth from developing adjustment problems.
Nonsurgical Ovum Transfer: The Harbor-UCLA Experience

Ovum transfer is defined as the nonsurgical uterine recovery and transfer of an in vivo fertilized human ovum donated by a fertile woman to an infertile recipient couple. From January 1983 to June 1984, ten fertile donor women and 13 infertile couples participated in the research program of nonsurgical ovum transfer. This program was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board and all parties signed informed consents.
Regulating Multiple Variables To Understand the Nucleation and Growth and Transformation of PbS Nanocrystal Superlattices.

Nanocrystals (NCs) can self-assemble into ordered superlattices with collective properties, but the ability for controlling NC assembly remains poorly understandable toward achievement of desired superlattice. This work regulates several key variables of PbS NC assembly (e.g., NC concentration and solubility, solvent type, evaporation rate, seed mediation and thermal treatment), and thoroughly exploits the nucleation and growth as well as subsequent superlattice transformation of NC assembles and underneath mechanisms. PbS NCs in toluene self-assemble into a single face-centered-cubic (fcc) and body-centered-cubic (bcc) superlattice, respectively, at concentrations ≤17.5 and ≥70 mg/mL, but an intermediate concentration between them causes the coexistence of the two superlattices. Differently, NCs in hexane or chloroform self-assemble into only a single bcc superlattice. Distinct controls of NC assembly in solvent with variable concentrations confirm the NC concentration/solubility mediated nucleation and ...
Resonance response of the quantum vacuum to an oscillating boundary

We present an exact analytic solution to describe the quantum dynamics of the vacuum field coupled with an oscillating boundary (mirror) in a one-dimensional cavity. We show that the finite part of the field energy density grows in the form of two traveling wave packets which become narrower as time increases. We also discover a "sub-Casimir" region where the energy density can be even smaller than the corresponding static vacuum value.
Power System Robust Decentralized Dynamic State Estimation Based on Multiple Hypothesis Testing

This paper proposes a fast and robust unscented Kalman filter based decentralized dynamic state estimator (DSE) for power system online monitoring and control. The proposed robust DSE is able to detect, identify, and suppress three types of outliers, namely the observation, innovation, and structural outliers. Observation outliers refer to the received PMU measurements providing unreliable metered values due to gross errors or cyber attacks; innovation outliers are typically caused by impulsive system process noise, whereas structural outliers are induced by incorrect parameters of the generators or its associated controllers, such as exciters and speed governors. To enable the fast estimation of generator states of large-scale power systems in a decentralized manner, two model decoupling approaches are presented and compared. It is shown that the generator decoupling approach presented in this paper achieves higher statistical efficiency than the ones proposed in the literature in the presence of both small and large measurement noise. To detect and distinguish three types of outliers, projection statistics based multiple hypothesis testing approach is proposed. Specifically, three hypotheses corresponding to the occurrence of three types of outliers are assumed by constructing three innovation matrices; these matrices are made up by time-correlated innovation vectors, and/or predicted states, and/or measurements; then projection statistics are applied to each of the innovation matrix and its calculated projection values are checked by a statistical test to validate the assumed hypothesis. The identified outliers are further suppressed by a generalized maximum-likelihood-type estimator. Numerical results carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Developing an objective assessment of surgical performance from operating room video and surgical imagery.

An unbiased, repeatable process for assessing operating room performance is an important step toward quantifying the relationship between surgical training and performance. Hip fracture surgeries o...
Chaos in the Conservative Duffing System — Renormalization Group Prediction

The conservative Duffing system of interest here may be described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian of the scaled form $$ H = \frac{{{p^2}}}{4} - 2{x^2} + {x^4} + \varepsilon x\cos \omega t $$ (1) This Hamiltonian also describes the motion of a particle with momentum p and position x in a quartic (double-well) potential in the presence of a monochromatic external force with amplitude e and frequency ω. After a canonical transformation to action-angle variables (1, θ) the Hamiltonian takes the form[1,2] $$ H = {E_0}\;(I) + \varepsilon \sum\limits_{{n = - \infty }}^{\infty } {{g_n}(I)} \cos \left( {n\theta - \omega t} \right) $$ (2) where E0 (I) is the energy of the system for e = 0 and gn (I) is a nonlinear function of the action variable I.
Quantization Schemes for Euclidean Space

One of the axioms of quantum mechanics states, “To each real-valued function f on the classical phase space there is associated a self-adjoint operator \(\hat{f}\) on the quantum Hilbert space.” The attentive reader will note that we have not, up to this point, given a general procedure for constructing \(\hat{f}\) from f.If we call \(\hat{f}\) the quantization of f,then we have only discussed the quantizations of a few very special classical observables, such as position, momentum, and energy.
Robust Exponential Stability of an Intermittent Transmission State Estimation Protocol

The problem of distributed networked sensor agents jointly estimating the state of a plant given by a linear time-invariant system is studied. Each agent can only measure the output of the plant at intermittent time instances, at which times the agent also sends the received plant measurement and its estimate to its neighbors. At each agent, a decentralized observer is attached which utilizes the asynchronous incoming information being sent from its neighbors to drive its own estimate to the state of the plant. We provide sufficient conditions that guarantee global exponential stability of the zero estimation error set. Numerical illustrations are provided.
Googling Aesthetic Plastic Surgery for Patient Insights into the Latest Trends.

BACKGROUND Analysis of Internet search patterns is rapidly transforming the study of human behavior. Google's data, accessed through Google Trends, have proven extremely insightful in several fields of medical research. Despite its adoption in other fields of medicine, Google Trends has not yet been explored in the field of plastic surgery. METHODS The number of cosmetic surgery procedures from 2005 through 2016 was obtained from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons annual reports. Using Google Trends, the most commonly used keywords describing each procedure were determined, and data regarding search interest over time, interest across geographic area, and Related Queries were obtained. The number of procedures performed annually was compared to relative search volume from the corresponding year and the year prior to determine correlation. RESULTS Of the 22 procedures evaluated, the annual number of eight procedures correlated with Internet search volume in the corresponding year, and six procedures correlated with the Internet searches performed in the year prior. Florida and New York were the states with the most searches for these procedures. Related Queries suggested that several factors, such as operative techniques, notable individuals undergoing procedures, and cost, variably drove correlations for different procedures. CONCLUSIONS Google Trends is a powerful tool that can be used to better understand patient interest in, questions about, and decisions regarding cosmetic surgery procedures. These findings warrant action by aesthetic surgeons to increase interest, address misinformation, and help patients fill the gaps of information missed by Internet searches.
Correction to: Beyond the immigrant enclave: differentiating between coethnic neighborhoods for the study of health and social problems

In the original publication, the author has missed to include the Acknowledgements. It has been provided in this correction.
Revisiting the estimations of PM2.5-attributable mortality with advancements in PM2.5 mapping and mortality statistics.

Abstract With the advancements of geospatial technologies, geospatial datasets of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and mortality statistics are increasingly used to examine the health effects of PM2.5. Choices of these datasets with difference geographic characteristics (e.g., accuracy, scales, and variations) in disease burden studies can significantly impact the results. The objective of this study is to revisit the estimations of PM2.5-attributable mortality by taking advantage of recent advancements in high resolution mapping of PM2.5concentrations and fine scale of mortality statistics and to explore the impacts of new data sources, geographic scales, and spatial variations of input datasets on mortality estimations. We estimate the PM2.5-mortality for the years of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 using three PM2.5 concentration datasets [Chemical Transport Model (CTM), random forests-based regression kriging (RFRK), and geographically weighted regression (GWR)] at two resolutions (i.e., 10 km and 1 km) and mortality rates at two geographic scales (i.e., regional-level and county-level). The results show that the estimated PM2.5-mortality from the 10 km CTM-derived PM2.5 dataset tend to be smaller than the estimations from the 1 km RFRK- and GWR-derived PM2.5 datasets. The estimated PM2.5-mortalities from regional-level mortality rates are similar to the estimations from those at county level, while large deviations exist when zoomed into small geographic regions (e.g., county). In a scenario analysis to explore the possible benefits of PM2.5 concentrations reduction, the uses of the two newly developed 1 km resolution PM2.5 datasets (RFRK and GWR) lead to discrepant results. Furthermore, we found that the change in PM2.5 concentration is the primary factor that leads to the PM2.5-attributable mortality decrease from 2000 to 2015. The above results highlight the impact of the adoption of input datasets from new sources with varied geographic characteristics on the PM2.5-attributable mortality estimations and demonstrate the necessity to account for these impact in future disease burden studies. Capsule We revisited the estimations of PM2.5-attributable mortality with advancements in PM2.5 mapping and mortality statistics, and demonstrated the impact of geographic characteristics of geospatial datasets on mortality estimations.
Psychosocial and behavioral pathways of metabolic syndrome in cancer caregivers

Objective Cancer caregivers are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. The aims of this study were to examine psychosocial and behavioral predictors of metabolic syndrome, an intermediate endpoint of CVD. Methods Cancer caregivers were administered a battery of questionnaires assessing sociodemographic characteristics, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, caregiver quality of life, sleep, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco use, social support, relationship quality, and loneliness. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the American Heart Association guidelines and the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III, which includes the presence of at least three of the following abnormalities: blood pressure, glucose, abdominal girth, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides. Results Of the 104 caregivers, 77% were female, 94% were Caucasian, and the mean age was 59.5 (SD = 12.8). Of the 104 caregivers, 35.6% reported depressive symptoms in the clinical range of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) and 69.2% reported Perceived Stress Scale scores at least one standard deviation above the general population norms. A total of 16.3% of caregivers currently used tobacco, 28.8% consumed alcohol, and 26.7% were overweight (BMI = 25-29.9) and 48.5% were obese (BMI ≥ 30). Forty-nine percent of the caregivers met the criteria for metabolic syndrome. After age, gender, and race were adjusted, the following remained as significant predictors of metabolic syndrome: low levels of caregiver quality of life (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.067; 95% CI, 1.019-1.117; P = .006), high levels of hostility (OR = 1.142; 95% CI, 1.030-1.267; P = .012), and current alcohol use (OR = 4.193; 95% CI, 1.174-14.978; P = .027). Conclusion Development of interventions to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in cancer caregivers is recommended.
Geo-locating BGP prefixes

Geo-locating BGP prefixes can help us understand routing anomalies, prefix aggregation, or reveal what regions are affected by an Internet outage. Our work shows that the naive approach to prefix geo-location—simply mapping each IP address to its corresponding geo-location—can be ambiguous because a prefix may contain another, separately-announced prefix that maps to a different geographical location. Should the containing prefix also map to the locations of the contained prefix? We show that this question is difficult to answer and characterize the scope of these ambiguities by geo-locating around 680,000 prefixes to countries, regions, and cities using both GeoLite and NetAcuity Edge. We find that 0.3% of prefixes are ambiguous with respect to countries but these prefixes constitute 8.5% of the IPv4 address space. In the second part of our work, we study the mappings from prefix to location. We find that most prefixes map to only a single city but the shorter a prefix, the more locations it maps to. Our dataset however contains outliers, e.g., a /23 that maps to as many as 127 (potentially spoofed) countries. Our work takes a first look at prefix geo-location and identifies issues one should be aware of, which paves the way towards more sophisticated applications such as the geo-location of autonomous systems. We make our code and datasets publicly available to facilitate further analysis.
The United States Civil War: Marx versus John Stuart Mill

The 1848–1849 revolutions, specifically the French theatre, also captured the attention of John Stuart Mill, arguably England’s foremost nineteenth-century intellectual and leading champion of liberalism and one-time friend of Tocqueville. Two decades earlier, he was enticed to breathe the air of revolution for the first time when France exploded in 1830. Not surprising, therefore, that he would be tempted to do the same when revolutionary whiffs blew anew from the same place at mid-century. But his response to France’s edition of the European Spring contrasted strikingly to that of Marx and Engels. It anticipated their different responses a decade later to the most consequential struggle of the century for the democratic quest, the Civil War in the United States—the centerpiece of this chapter. While Marx, Engels and Mill were all on the same political page about the need to overthrow the slavocracy, their actions in the realization of that goal, particularly Marx vis-a-vis Mill, also stood in stark contrast. Glaringly on display, in terms of who to look to for victory for the North and how much time and energy to expend to realize that end, were the implications of their more fundamental political differences.
RECUPERACIÓN DEL DEBATE LIBERAL-COMUNITARIO SUS ASPECTOS NUCLEARES Y LA CONFORMACIÓN TEÓRICA DE UN CONCEPTO DE LA "IDENTIDAD POLÍTICA"

The conception of person has shifted to the discussion on the republican theory of political self-determination. A fundamental milestone was the concept of the “political”, introduced by J. Rawls to define an artificial, non-metaphysical region of organization of human life in society. It is a normative concept to define citizenship, which includes a moral conception of human beings- The article claims that, in the articulation of this concept and its associated notions of full autonomy and rationa- lity of agents, political constructivism takes up the conception of human being as a subject of meanings, which is central to communitarianism.
Evaluating alcohol demand, craving, and depressive symptoms among women in alcohol treatment

Abstract Background Depression and alcohol craving predict drinking and relapse rates among alcohol treatment seekers. Alcohol demand, or one’s valuation of alcohol may be another determinant of drinking. There is little known about alcohol demand and its association with depression, craving, and drinking among treatment-seeking adults. Method Participants were 71 women with elevated depressive symptoms seeking outpatient treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). At baseline, participants self-reported daily drinking amount, alcohol craving, depressive symptoms, and alcohol demand assessed with the alcohol purchase task (APT; a task requesting participants to make hypothetical purchases of drinks at escalating prices). Baseline associations among alcohol demand, depressive symptoms, alcohol craving, and drinking severity were assessed. Results Participants averaged 40.68 (SD = 11.78) years of age, consumed 8.84 (SD = 5.14) drinks per drinking day and reported 15.45 (SD = 7.51) heavy drinking days in the past 30 days, and had an average PHQ-9 depression score of 13.00 (SD = 4.28). Results suggest that the alcohol demand metrics of intensity (consumption level when drinks are free) and Omax (maximum expenditure on alcohol) were associated with drinks per drinking day, whereas craving and depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with drinking. The number of heavy drinking days were not significantly associated with demand, craving, or depressive symptoms. Conclusions These results suggest that demand may reflect unique risk for drinking relative to craving or depressive symptoms. These findings provide support for the utility of the APT within a clinical setting to assess individualized valuation of alcohol.
Evaluation of a Pharmacist-Managed Hypertension Clinic in a Rural Primary Care Setting.

Objective:To describe clinical pharmacy services provided in a rural North Carolina primary care clinic and assess the impact of these services on systolic and diastolic blood pressures in patients...
Kafka’s Seinfeldian Humor

This article looks at Kafka’s writing as profoundly ambivalent. This ambivalence is articulated within the text as a disjunction between what is promised or expected in the text and what is actuall...
Molecular analysis of five rice blast resistant genes in landraces from Myanmar and Laos

In order to understand rice blast resistance gene patterns in rice landraces from Myanmar and Laos, we analysed the Pita, Pib, Pikh, Pi9 and Pi5 genes in 80 landraces through the use of functional molecular markers and functional fragment sequencing. These landraces were separated into four haplotypes (H1–H4) based upon three mutations identified in the Pita sequence. All four haplotypes were detected among landraces from Myanmar, whereas only the H1 and H2 haplotypes were detected among landraces from Laos. We additionally grouped landraces carrying 0–4 resistance genes into 18 genotypes based upon their resistance-susceptibility patterns and found that 16 of these genotypes were detected among Myanmar landraces at relative frequencies ranging from 2.50–12.50%, while 10 were detected among landraces from Laos at relative frequencies of 2.50–42.50%. The ‘Pib( + ) pikh(−) pi9(−) pi5(−) pita(−)’ genotype was found to be dominant, accounting for 12.5 and 42.5% of landraces from Myanmar and Laos, respectively. The Pib, Pikh, Pi5 and Pita genes were detected in 52.50, 32.50, 37.50 and 30.00% of landraces from Myanmar respectively, whereas they were detected in 52.50, 12.50, 30.00 and 17.50% of landraces from Laos, respectively. The Pi9 gene was rarely detected among analysed landraces and was particularly rare in those from Laos. These findings suggest that rice landraces from Myanmar are more genetically diverse than those from Laos, with clear differences in blast resistance gene patterns between landraces from these two countries.
Abstract 15839: Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Have Reduced Levels of MicroRNA 122-5p in Circulating Exosomes

Introduction: There are currently no specific biomarkers to screen and monitor disease progression in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), which are the 15th leading cause of death in the United State...
Messenger Effects in COVID-19 Communication: Does the Level of Government Matter?

Abstract Public efforts to limit the spread of the coronavirus rely on motivating people to cooperate with the government. We test the effectiveness of different governmental messengers to encourage preventive health actions. We administered a survey experiment among a sample (n = 1,545) of respondents across the United States, presenting them with the same social media message, but experimentally varying the government sender (i.e., Federal, State, County, a combination of Federal + County, and a control condition) to test whether local relevance influences messaging efficacy. We find that in an information saturated environment the messenger does not matter. There is, however, variation in treatment response by partisanship, education, income, and the degree to which respondents are affected by the pandemic. While the main effect of the level of government on intended behavior is null, public health organizations are universally perceived as more trustworthy, relevant, and competent than anonymous messengers.
Closed-Loop Cognitive Stress Regulation Using Fuzzy Control in Wearable-Machine Interface Architectures

Keeping cognitive stress at a healthy range can improve the overall quality of life: helping subjects to decrease their high levels of arousal, which will make them relaxed, and elevate their low levels of arousal, which could increase their engagement. With recent advances in wearable technologies, collected skin conductance data provides us with valuable information regarding ones’ cognitive stress-related state. In this research, we aim to create a simulation environment to control a cognitive stress-related state in a closed-loop manner. Toward this goal, by analyzing the collected skin conductance data from different subjects, we model skin conductance response events as a function of simulated environmental stimuli associated with cognitive stress and relaxation. Then, we estimate the hidden stress-related state by employing Bayesian filtering. Finally, we design a fuzzy control structure to close the loop in the simulation environment. Particularly, we design two classes of controllers: (1) an inhibitory controller for reducing cognitive stress and (2) an excitatory controller for increasing cognitive stress. We extend our previous work by implementing the proposed approach on multiple subjects’ profiles. Final results confirm that our simulated skin conductance responses are in agreement with experimental data. In a simulation study based on experimental data, we illustrate the feasibility of designing both excitatory and inhibitory closed-loop wearable-machine interface architectures to regulate the estimated cognitive stress state. Due to the increased ubiquity of wearable devices capable of measuring cognitive stress-related variables, the proposed architecture is an initial step to treating cognitive disorders using non-invasive brain state decoding.
Ergonomic evaluation of an extension screw gun to improve work postures

Carpenters frequently work in awkward and stooped postures. Autofeed extension screw guns (ESGs) allow certain tasks to be performed upright. This study evaluated low back and wrist motion in fifteen carpenters using a traditional screw gun (TSG) and ESG during floor level work. ESG use required a greater percentage of time in awkward wrist postures with higher velocities and accelerations, yet neither tool placed workers at risk for wrist injury. The ESG resulted in significantly less low back flexion, left-sided bending and twisting, velocity and acceleration. The probability of low back disorder group membership risk was 53% with TSG use and 47% with ESG use. Carpenters liked using ESGs and reported less exertion when using them. The ESG’s autofeed feature enhanced productivity. Training may be important to further reduce back flexion and improve tool maintenance, and design changes would improve ESGs overall.
Role of Neuroendocrine System in Regulation of Mammary Tumors in Different Species

Mammary tumors are the most common type of neoplasm in the female rat, mouse, dog and man, but these tumors differ in their origin, morphology, invasiveness, degree and kind of hormone dependency, and in other characteristics. Mammary tumors are believed to originate from ductal tissue in women and rats, from pre-neoplastic alveolar nodules in mice, and from epithelial, fibrous and other tissues in the dog. Most spontaneous mammary tumors in aging female rats and dogs appear to be benign, whereas a high percentage of mammary tumors in mice and women are malignant. There are marked contrasts in the reproductive cycles among these 4 species which can differentially influence mammary tumor development and growth.
Family-centered care practices in a multidisciplinary sample of pediatric professionals providing autism spectrum disorder services in the United States ☆

Abstract Family-centered care (FCC) has not been studied extensively in the field of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but has been highlighted as a critical component of practice with youth with ASD. The aim of this study was to examine predictors (e.g., the theory of planned behavior, [TPB]) of providing family-centered care (FCC) services to youth with ASD in pediatric professionals from a range of disciplines. A multidisciplinary (e.g., medicine, psychology, education, etc.) sample of professionals ( N = 709) who endorsed providing services to youth with ASD in the United States was recruited from online provider listings, listservs, etc. Hierarchical multiple regressions examined the relationship of demographic and TPB predictors to professionals' self-reported FCC practices. Professionals reported a high degree of using FCC in their practice with youth with ASD. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control predicted self-reported FCC practices, while subjective norms did not. Experienced practitioners reported using FCC practices in spite of not having necessarily received FCC training. Discipline differences were evident in rates of reported FCC. The Theory of Planned Behavior is helpful in understanding FCC practices and attention should be given to training professionals in FCC as they work with youth with ASD. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Control of Gastric Emptying by Amino Acids

Studies were made of gastric emptying of amino acids in 6 healthy subjects using test meals (350 ml) containing phenol red and the appropriate amino acid. Gastric contents were aspirated at 20 min and samples estimated for phenol red concentration and titratable acidity. The amino acids were glycine, β-alanine, L-leucine, L-lysine, and DLmethionine and the concentrations were 0.1 m, 0.2 m, 0.5 m, and 1.0 m. It was found that all amino acids in concentrations of 0.2 m delayed emptying significantly when compared with test meals containing water and phenol red only. The delay in emptying was related to the molar concentration of the amino acid in the test meal and unrelated to the molecular weight of the amino acid or to the amount of acid secreted. The results of these studies indicate, that gastric emptying of amino acids is related to their osmolar concentration.
Trajectories of marijuana use from adolescence to adulthood predicting unemployment in the mid 30s.

Background and Objectives Unemployment (5.5% as of 2015) is a serious social and economic problem in our society. Since marijuana use is an important factor related to unemployment, identifying the trajectory of the use of marijuana may aid intervention programs and research on unemployment. Methods Six hundred seventy-four participants (53% African-Americans, 47% Puerto Ricans) were surveyed (60% females) from ages 14 to 36. The first data collection was held when the participants were students attending schools in the East Harlem area of New York City. Results We found that the chronic marijuana use (OR = 4.07, p < .001; AOR = 2.58, p < .05) and the late marijuana quitter (OR = 2.91, p < .05) trajectory groups were associated with an increased likelihood of unemployment compared with the no marijuana use trajectory group. Conclusions and Scientific Significance The results suggest that those who use marijuana chronically are at greater risk for being unemployed. Consequently, these individuals should have access to and participate in marijuana cessation treatment programs in order to reduce their risk of unemployment. Unemployment intervention programs should also consider focusing on the cessation of the use of marijuana to decrease the likelihood of later unemployment. (Am J Addict 2015;24:452 –459)
Epistemological objectivity in financial reporting: Does internet accounting require a new accounting model?

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the complexity surrounding the meaning of the terms “economic reality” and “neutral representation” as these terms are applied to the resolution of financial accounting issues.Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the concept of epistemological objectivity in financial reporting through an analysis of issues raised by the US Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) with respect to accounting for internet activities and the concomitant manner in which the US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) approached these issues.Findings – An analysis of communications between the SEC and the FASB pertaining to accounting for internet activities reveals that, while these bodies seek to resolve issues in a manner that is neutral and objective, they often employ subjective reasoning in pursuing their regulatory purpose, thus raising questions about the extent of their concern with neutral representations of economic reality.Originality/value – The paper ...
The “Place” of Place-Based Pedagogy in Teaching Religion: Brooklyn and Its Religions

Place-based pedagogy offers students a distinctive way to be attentive to a particular expression of a given religion while enabling them to minimize generalizations on the basis of that experience. Place-based pedagogies decenter the traditional classroom as the sole locus of learning and emphasize the value of learning within varied spatial frameworks including undeveloped natural environments and built environments in rural, suburban, or urban communities. This article, set in Brooklyn, New York, is a case study of place-based teaching in an urban context. “Brooklyn and Its Religions” is a course that provides students with a place to explore diverse expressions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The article describes the course and analyzes students' field reports in two settings to demonstrate the value of place-based learning for studying religion in Brooklyn.
Calibration of a bioassay instrument using I-131 standards

2734 Objectives Regulations require all personnel administering liquid I-131 NaI to have thyroid bioassays on an appropriate instrument which must be calibrated annually. The objective of the study was to calibrate a bioassay instrument utilizing appropriate internal I-131 NaI standards. Methods The bioassay instrument used was a thyroid uptake probe with a multichannel analyzer (Biodex Medical). The activity of an initial I-131 NaI sample (1.0 ml) was measured in a dose calibrator and, by serial dilution, two I-131 NaI standards prepared (0.862 uCi and 1.294 uCi). The standards were placed in a thyroid phantom as close as possible to the uptake probe and counted twice (CPM). After background subtraction, the mean net CPM was calculated and converted to mean net CPM/uCi. A Cs-137 check source (1 uCi), used for testing instrument operability, was counted three times in a fixed geometry (CPM). After background subtraction, the mean net CPM was calculated and a ± 10% range created. Results After counting the I-131 NaI standards in a thyroid phantom, the net CPM/uCi of standard 1 and standard 2 was 4284.88 and 4212.02, respectively, resulting in a mean counting efficiency of 4248 net CPM/uCi. Utilizing this counting efficiency, easy conversion to regulatory limits, ranging from 0.04 uCi to 0.14 uCi in thyroid, was possible. The mean net CPM of the Cs-137 check source, used to test instrument operability, was 43455 with a range of 39110-47800 net CPM (± 10%). Conclusions Our facility utilized I-131 NaI standards to calibrate a thyroid bioassay instrument. The calibration procedure, as outlined, was simple to perform and produced accurate results. This procedure was acceptable to Agreement State Regulatory Agencies
Actin filament segmentation using spatiotemporal active- surface and active-contour models

We introduce a novel algorithm for actin filament segmentation in a 2D TIRFM image sequence. We treat the 2D time-lapse sequence as a 3D image volume and propose an over-grown active surface model to segment the body of a filament on all slices simultaneously. In order to locate the two ends of the filament on the over-grown surface, a novel 2D spatiotemporal domain is created based on the resulting surface. Two 2D active contour models deform in this domain to locate the two filament ends accurately. Evaluation on TIRFM image sequences with very low SNRs and comparison with a previous method demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of this approach.
Exercise Regulation of Marrow Fat in the Setting of PPARγ Agonist Treatment in Female C57BL/6 Mice.

The contribution of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) to skeletal fragility is poorly understood. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ agonists, associated with increased fractures in diabetic patients, increase MAT. Here, we asked whether exercise could limit the MAT accrual and increase bone formation in the setting of PPARγ agonist treatment. Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were treated with 20-mg/kg · d rosiglitazone (Rosi) and compared with control (CTL) animals. Exercise groups ran 12 km/d when provided access to running wheels (CTL exercise [CTL-E], Rosi-E). After 6 weeks, femoral MAT (volume of lipid binder osmium) and tibial bone morphology were assessed by microcomputer tomography. Rosi was associated with 40% higher femur MAT volume compared with CTL (P CTL, P Rosi, P < .01). In summary, despite the Rosi induction of MAT extending well into the femoral diaphysis, exercise was able to significantly suppress MAT volume and induce bone formation. Our results suggest that the impact of PPARγ agonists on bone and marrow health can be partially mitigated by exercise.
Celebrating 40 Years of Title IX

(2012). Celebrating 40 Years of Title IX. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance: Vol. 83, No. 8, pp. 4-56.
Inhibition and stimulation of photoreceptor phosphodiesterases by dipyridamole and M&B 22,948.

Few high affinity inhibitors of the photoreceptor phosphodiesterases have been identified. We show here that dipyridamole and MB PDE activity was stimulated at drug concentrations from 1 to 10 microM and inhibited at higher concentrations. Stimulation was not observed with IBMX. This stimulation of activity apparently was not an allosteric effect caused by direct binding of the dipyridamole and MB whereas no cooperativity of cGMP binding to this site has been demonstrated, the drugs actually stimulated the binding of low concentrations of cGMP to this site. In addition, whereas preincubation with cGMP and cGMP analogs blocked the stimulation exerted by the drugs, they did so only at much higher concentrations than those necessary for saturation of the high affinity noncatalytic cGMP site. Because the stimulation can only be seen at higher substrate levels than are thought to exist in the photoreceptor, only the inhibitory effects of the drugs are likely to be pharmacologically relevant. However, the stimulation exerted by these drugs may point to a hitherto unknown allosteric interaction between the catalytic and regulatory sites on the PDE or to a previously unrecognized regulatory site.
Precipitation and Cementation of Deep-Sea Carbonate Sediments

Inorganic precipitation of calcium carbonate, both as limestone cement and unconsolidated lutite, occurs in several types of deep-sea environments. While such carbonates account for only a small part of the total calcium carbonate budget, they appear to be more important quantitatively than shallow-water precipitates. Recognizing and understanding the processes of precipitation and cementation of carbonates can give added insights into deep-sea carbonate sedimentation prior to the evolution of calcareous nannoplankton and Zooplankton.
Experiences in Identification and Treatment of Dispersive Clays in Mississippi Dams

Twenty floodwater retarding dams in Mississippi have been treated to protect them from failure due to tunnel erosion. All of these sites developed severe tunneling characteristics of dispersed soils because of extreme rains in 1973, causing rapid acceleration of the probably latent soil condition. The Soil Conservation Service in Mississippi initiated a detailed sampling and testing program for every site, not only to design treatment, but also to provide a basis for followup evaluation of performance. All three laboratory tests-dispersion, pinhole, and chemical-correlated well. Field identification tests did not correlate as well to actual site conditions or laboratory tests. Field tests were crumb, ultraviolet light, and turbidity. The primary treatment used was hydrated lime applied in a 15-in. blanket following reworking of the fill to eliminate tunnels. Lime applications varied from 0.5 to 3 percent. Two structures were treated with sand-gravel blanket. The pH values for lime-treated soils stayed high following application, restricting root penetration and vegetative growth. Laboratory data coupled with field testing and performance observations provide engineers with a unique opportunity for studies that will evaluate and improve identification and treatment of dispersive clays. Some comparisons are already available and are presented in this paper.
Cardiac troponin I inhibitory peptide: location of interaction sites on troponin C

Cardiac troponin I(129–149) binds to the calcium saturated cardiac troponin C/troponin I(1–80) complex at two distinct sites. Binding of the first equivalent of troponin I(129–149) was found to primarily affect amide proton chemical shifts in the regulatory domain, while the second equivalent perturbed amide proton chemical shifts within the D/E linker region. Nitrogen-15 transverse relaxation rates showed that binding the first equivalent of inhibitory peptide to the regulatory domain decreased conformational exchange in defunct calcium binding site I and that addition of the second equivalent of inhibitory peptide decreased flexibility in the D/E linker region. No interactions between the inhibitory peptide and the C-domain of cardiac troponin C were detected by these methods demonstrating that the inhibitory peptide cannot displace cTnI(1–80) from the C-domain.
The secretion of an antidiuretic substance into the circulation of adrenalectomized and hypophysectomized rats exposed to noxious stimuli.

THE exposure of normal rats to a variety of noxious stimuli (pain, noise, a strange environment, and the intraperitoneal injection of histamine) results in a rapid, marked increase in the antidiuretic activity of the plasma (Mirsky, Stein and Paulisch, 1953). Although the precise nature of the substance (or substances) (ADS) responsible for the augmented antidiuretic activity was not established, its resemblance to the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) extractable from the neurohypophysis and the speed with which it is released into the circulation suggested that ADS and ADH may be identical. It was proposed that common to the specific reactions induced by the various noxious stimuli is an activation of the hypothalamus with a resultant release of the antidiuretic hormone into the circulation. It is generally assumed that the secretion of the antidiuretic hormone is dependent upon the integrity of the supraoptic and para ventricular nuclei, the supraoptico-hypophyseal tract and the neurohypophysis
Familial and Nonfamilial Relationships as Ecological Sources of Health and Positive Development Across the Life Span: A View of the Issues

Relational developmental systems theories emphasize that development is embodied within cross-context relations. Little research has appraised the simultaneous effects of multiple contexts for healthy and positive development within and across developmental periods. The research in this issue explores how familial and nonfamilial contexts combine to serve as ecological bases for development across the life span. The articles vary with respect to the period of the life span they examine, the ecological contexts of concern, and the developmental outcomes of interest. However, all articles emphasize the integrative role of variables within and across contexts in positive, healthy life span development.
SELF-ABSORPTION CORRECTION FOR CARBON-14. A NEW TREATMENT YIELDS A CORRECTION FACTOR THAT IS LINEARLY RELATED TO THE THICKNESS OF THE SAMPLE

A new and simple technique was developed for correcting C/sup 14/ radioactivity measurements for loss of radiation due to self absorption. Results are discussed which show the applicability of the technique for many different counting situations. It is found that the absorption of radiation follows a hyperbolic law much more closely than an exponential one. Futhermore, the absorption coefflcient for the sample itself was found to be a function of weight rather than a constant, as had been assumed for the derivation of the law of exponential absorption. (auth)
Comparison of multimicrophone probe design and processing methods in measuring acoustic intensity

Three multimicrophone probe arrangements used to measure acoustic intensity are the four-microphone regular tetrahedral, the four-microphone orthogonal, and the six-microphone designs. Finite-sum and finite-difference processing methods can be used with such probes to estimate pressure and particle velocity, respectively. A numerical analysis is performed to investigate the bias inherent in each combination of probe design and processing method. Probes consisting of matched point sensor microphones both embedded and not embedded on the surface of a rigid sphere are considered. Results are given for plane wave fields in terms of root-mean-square average bias and maximum bias as a function of angle of incidence. An experimental verification of the analysis model is described. Of the combinations considered and under the stated conditions, the orthogonal probe using the origin microphone for the pressure estimate is shown to have the lowest amount of intensity magnitude bias. Lowest intensity direction bias comes from the six-microphone probe using an average of the 15 intensity components calculated using all microphone pairs. Also discussed are how multimicrophone probes can advantageously use correction factors calculated from a numerical analysis and how the results of such an analysis depend on the chosen definition of the dimensionless frequency.