cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abgabenfestsetzung gegenüber gelöschten Kapitalgesellschaften

COVID-19 hat den osterreichischen Gesetzgeber veranlasst, zahlreiche wirtschaftspolitische Masnahmen umzusetzen, die den negativen Auswirkungen der Krise entgegenwirken sollen. Nichtsdestotrotz ist zu erwarten, dass insbesondere im Nachgang der Krise einige Unternehmen ihre Tatigkeit insolvenzbedingt aufgeben werden mussen und es zur Liquidation und Loschung von vielen Kapitalgesellschaften kommen wird. Unabhangig davon, ob die Auflosung einer Gesellschaft freiwillig oder unfreiwillig erfolgt, kommt es in samtlichen Fallen schlieslich zur Loschung der Gesellschaft aus dem Firmenbuch. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich in der Praxis die Frage, ob Abgabenanspruche, die im Zeitpunkt der Loschung noch nicht bescheidmasig festgesetzt waren, nach bereits erfolgter Loschung der Gesellschaft von der Abgabenbehorde noch festgesetzt werden durfen. Ebenso ist zu prufen, ob die Rechtskraft von vor der Loschung ergangenen Abgabenbescheiden nach erfolgter Loschung der Gesellschaft durchbrochen werden darf (etwa durch die Wiederaufnahme eines Verfahrens). Der Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber die (Un)-Zulassigkeit der Abgabenfestsetzung und Rechtskraftdurchbrechung im Kontext einer im Firmenbuch bereits geloschten Gesellschaft und thematisiert damit einhergehende abgabenrechtliche Haftungsrisiken fur vertretungsbefugte Organe.
Total knee arthroplasty is associated with greater immediate post-surgical pain and opioid use than total hip arthroplasty

As greater emphasis is being placed on opioid reduction strategies and implementation of multimodal analgesia, we sought to determine whether immediate post-surgical opioid consumption was different between THA and TKA. A single-institution total joint arthroplasty database was used to identify patients who underwent elective THA and TKA from 2016 to July 2019. Baseline demographic data, operative time (defined by incision time), and American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class were collected. Morphine milligram equivalents (MME) were calculated and derived from prospectively documented nursing opioid administration events, while visual analog scale (VAS) scores represented pain levels, both of which were collected as part of our institution’s standard protocols. Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care (AMPAC) was used to determine physical therapy progress. A total of 11,693 cases were identified: 5,909 THA (50.53%) and 5784 (49.47%) TKA. THA patients tended to be slightly younger (63.38 years, SD 11.61 years, vs 65.72 years, SD 9.56 years; p < 0.01) and have lower BMIs (28.92 kg/m2 vs 32.52 kg/m2; p < 0.01). THA patients had lower ASA scores in comparison to TKA patients (p < 0.01). Aggregate opioid consumption (93.76 MME vs 147.55 MME; p < 0.01) along with first 24-h and 48-h usage was significantly less for THA as compared to TKA. Similarly, mean pain scores (4.15 vs 5.08; p < 0.01) were lower for THA, while AMPAC mobilization scores were higher (20.88 vs 19.29; p < 0.01) when compared to TKA. THA patients reported lower pain scores and were found to require less opioid medication in the immediate post-surgical period than TKA patients.
Language Accessibility of Liver Transplantation Center Websites.

Low health literacy is a contributor to healthcare disparities and can be an insurmountable barrier to accessing quality care (1). End stage liver disease is a complex and daunting diagnosis for patients to educate themselves about. In liver transplantation, a lack of easy to understand educational materials and low health literacy have been associated with lower rates of waitlisting (2,3).
Detection of Cholera Toxin Genes

Laboratory diagnosis of cholera has traditionally been based on the phenotypic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae O1, expressed as its morphologic, physiologic, and biochemical properties, including its antigenic composition. Assays based on DNA hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA sequencing have been developed for the detection and characterization of the ctx gene. The chapter describes and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using these techniques in the diagnosis of cholera. Nucleic acid hybridization technology offers distinct advantages over phenotypic identification systems because of its specificity and sensitivity. The format of the hybridization test is important for the practical application of DNA probes for diagnostic purposes. The colony blot system has a great potential for screening a large number of colonies but gives little additional molecular information. A colony blot hybridization assay employing an alkaline phosphatase-labeled 23-bp oligonucleotide probe (CTAP) derived from a specific sequence of ctxA was used by Wright and coworkers on a strain collection representing 11 Vibrio species and toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. Nucleic acid-sequencing methods have developed so rapidly over the past 2 decades that comparative sequencing of homologous genes has become almost a standard method in systematic classification of bacteria. The progress in nucleic acid-based methods in recent years has demonstrated that the molecular approach to diagnosis of cholera could very well be the diagnostic choice of the future. Automation and standardization of molecular methods have also increased reproducibility and improved the quality of the laboratory test results.
Reduction with metal hydrides—XIX

Abstract Competitive rate studies have been carried out for the reduction of 4-t-butylcyclohexanone, 3,5-dimethylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone, 3,3,5,5-tetramethylcyclohexanone and 2,2-dimethyl-4-t-butylclohexanone by LAH in ether, lithium aluminium tri-t-butoxyhydride in THF, lithium aluminium trimethoxyhydride in THF and NaBH4 in isopropyl alcohol and sodium triisopropoxyborohydride in isopropyl alcohol. Relative rate constants for attack of the various ketones from the axial and from the equatorial side were computed by reducing the ketones in pairs and analyzing the alcohol mixtures thus obtained. The relative rate constants support the concept of “steric approach control” but suggest that “product development control” plays at best a minor role especially in the reductions with aluminohydrides. Alternative explanations for the 10:1 ratio of equatorial to axial alcohol observed in the lithium aluminium hydride reduction of 4-t-butylcyclohexanone in ether are suggested.
Judicial Intervention and Local Spending

This study develops a methodology for examining the impact of court orders on local budgets and applies it to one of the most important areas of judicial involvement-local jails. During the 1980s an increasing number of local jails came under court order due to overcrowded facilities. In many counties this has been matched by equally rapid growth in jail capacity and expenditures. Based on simple comparisons of these trends and case studies of individual counties, previous research on court intervention has concluded that the courts have forced reluctant local governments to increase expenditures on corrections. However, past research on judicial intervention may be misleading because of inadequate controls for other factors that may affect both jail capacity and spending. We examine the determinants of jail spending for a national sample of jails in the mid-1980s. Our results indicate that court orders influence capacity expansion (their impact on current expenditures is less clear); however, other jail and demand factors may have a stronger effect. Contrary to conventional wisdom, our findings suggest that many jurisdictions, given adequate fiscal resources, budget for jail expansion when they need its not when forced by the courts to act.
Dynamics of spermiogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. VII. Effects of segregation distorter (SD) chromosome.

In Drosophila melanogaster males heterozygous for the Segregation Distorter chromosome, the deleterious effect of the chromosome upon development of sperm carrying the normal homologue appears to be primarily related to nuclear chromatin condensation in the later half of spermiogenesis.
Magnetic properties of a metal-organic antiferromagnet Mn(hfipbb)py(H2O)0.5

Mn(hfipbb)py(H2O)0.5 [H2hfipbb=4, 4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid), py=pyridine] is a recently discovered metal-organic coordination network. The crystal structure of this compound belongs to a triclinic space group P‐1, and the lattice parameters are a=12.988A, b=13.296A, c=14.644A, α=115.13°, β=95.61°, and γ=101.03°. Two crystallographically independent Mn atoms (Mn1 and Mn2) exist in this structure, and an alternate connection (–Mn1–Mn2–Mn1–Mn2–) through organic units along the x axis leads to a one-dimensional Mn2+ chain. Magnetic susceptibility M(T)∕H and isothermal magnetization M(H) were measured on single-crystal samples, as well as on powder samples of Mn(hfipbb)py(H2O)0.5. Antiferromagnetic ordering was observed below a transition temperature of TN=9.0K. High-temperature susceptibility data for powder samples were fitted to the Curie-Weiss law with θ=−30K and an effective moment of μeff=5.7μB, close to what is expected for a free Mn2+ ion. There is small but clear orientation depen...
Risk factors related to maternal self-efficacy among Mexican women: A comparison between Mexico and the United States of America

La depresion y la violencia de pareja afectan la vida de las mujeres de muy distintas formas, una muy particular tiene que ver con sus capacidades como madres. En el presente estudio se investigaron los efectos que tienen la depresion y la violencia de pareja en la auto-eficacia materna de mujeres mexicanas viviendo en Mexico y los Estados Unidos de Norteamerica. Un total de 136 mujeres viviendo en ambos paises (91 mujeres inmigrantes de origen mexicano radicando en los Estados Unidos de Norteamerica y 45 mujeres mexicanas residiendo en Mexico) respondieron los 3 instrumentos usados en esta investigacion. Los resultados mostraron que las madres mexicanas reportaron niveles mas altos de depresion, violencia fisica y violencia psicologica. Por otra parte, el analisis de regresion multiple mostro que el nivel educativo y la depresion fueron predictores significativos de la auto-eficacia materna. Una delas principales contribuciones del presente estudio fue el identificar el efecto mediador que tiene la depresion entre la violencia fisica y la auto-eficacia materna. De manera conclusiva se puede afirmar que en terminos generales las mujeres inmigrantes de origen mexicano residentes en los Estados Unidos de Norteamerica se percibieron como mas eficaces en relacion con sus capacidades maternas en comparacion con las madres residentes en Mexico.
William Faulkner's The Hamlet : A Monument to Footprints

In his study Beginnings, Edward Said discusses two terms, authority and molestation, which for him describe any author's struggle to maintain control of the text he creates. Authority suggests to Said not only the traditional "power to enforce obedience," but "a connection as well with author-that is, a person who originates or gives existence to something, a begetter, a beginner, father, or ancestor, a person also who sets forth written statements.' Said thus sees the author as a person with considerable power, exerting control over his text and the language from which it is shaped. But that power extends only so far. Once the text is out of the author's hands, it is subject to molestation: once the text is published, the author loses his sense of command, surrendering his power over his work to the reader and to time, which change the way a text is read and diminish the author's impression of power over his material. Because of the indeterminate and uncontrollable nature of language itself, that power over the text may have been illusory from the beginning, but the point is that the author loses his sense of control over his materials and feels compelled to begin again with a new text (which is really a reworking of the same text), asserting anew his control over language and experience to produce a literary statement.
Toxicity Attribution in Phase I Trials: Evaluating the Effect of Dose on the Frequency of Related and Unrelated Toxicities

Purpose: Phase I studies rely on investigators to accurately attribute adverse events as related or unrelated to study drug. This information is ultimately used to help establish a safe dose. Attribution in the phase I setting has not been widely studied and assessing the accuracy of attribution is complicated by the lack of a gold standard. We examined dose–toxicity relationships as a function of attribution and toxicity category to evaluate for evidence of toxicity misattribution. Experimental Design: Individual patient records from 38 phase I studies activated between 2000 and 2010 were used. Dose was defined as a percentage of maximum dose administered on each study. Relationships between dose and patient-level toxicity were explored graphically and with logistic regression. All P values were two-sided. Results: 11,909 toxicities from 1,156 patients were analyzed. Unrelated toxicity was not associated with dose (P = 0.0920 for grade ≥3, P = 0.4194 for grade ≥1), whereas related toxicity increased with dose (P 0.1). Conclusions: Reassuringly, we did not observe an association between unrelated toxicity rate and dose, an association that could only have been explained by physician misattribution. Our findings also confirmed our expectation that related toxicity rate increases with dose. Our analysis supports simplifying attribution to a two-tier system by collapsing “possibly,” “probably,” and “definitely” related. Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 553–9. ©2015 AACR. See related commentary by Sharma and Ratain, p. 527
The status and future of silicon carbide

In this paper we discuss the status of a new class of high performance power switching device that is built with semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC). The potential impact on advanced electrical power systems of Sic is discussed and results show SiC switches and diodes with nearly ideal and high speed switching behavior. A hybrid power bridge, a silicon switch with a SiC diode, shows circuit efficiency improving from 88 to 92%.
Chapter IV Liquid and Solid3He

Publisher Summary Formidable mathematical difficulties still stand in the way of a quantitative theoretical description of 3 He, and consequently assumptions, approximations, and experimental data have been required to derive theoretical predictions of new 3 He phenomena. The degree to which the theoretical conclusions depend upon these approximations and assumptions is as yet not well established, and for those cases in which experimental data is available to compare with theory, the correspondence, although sometimes impressive, is more often only fair. But it is probably naive at the present time to expect any theory to provide a complete and quantitative description of 3 He. Hence, if the different theories are viewed by experimentalists as alternative approaches to an exceedingly difficult problem, and if the comparison of theoretical predictions with experiment is used by the theoreticians to draw conclusions concerning the validity of the various approaches employed, 3 He will continue to be a rich and rewarding raw material for both experimental investigation and its complementary theoretical interpretation for some time to come.
Development of freshman engineering discovery courses integrated with entrepreneurially minded learning (EML)

With the tremendous development and advent of new technologies in many areas and their applications to our real life, it has been recognized that the role of engineers has become increasingly important. In order for the engineering students (and future engineers) to ride on this trend, it is imperative that the engineering school should properly educate the engineering students to provide a clear vision as future engineers and their role in our society. The freshman engineering discovery courses developed at Marquette University — Opus College of Engineering offer the new engineering students the opportunity to discover and explore their potential through various course contents/topics and activities integrated with the entrepreneurially minded learning in which the students learn to create value; gather and assimilate information to discover opportunities or insights for further action. As a result, freshman engineering students learn to identify engineers' societal roles and responsibilities, while creating new innovative ideas and concepts with the potential to invigorate existing markets and technologies. These courses are also designed to create students who are curious about the world around them, unafraid to challenge existing methods, able to identify unexpected opportunities for growth and eager to seek out innovative solutions to challenging problems. Eventually, the engineering discovery courses provide new engineering students with a vision to become a future engineer with an entrepreneurial mindset.
Effects of standard mitral valve replacement on left ventricular function

Abstract Recent studies have suggested that excision of the mitral valve apparatus during mitral valve replacement impairs left ventricular performance. However, functional measurements in humans have been difficult to obtain in a load-independent fashion. To investigate this concept, 12 patients (mean age, 65 ± 8 years; mean New York Heart Association functional class, 3.3 ± 0.7) with 4+ mitral regurgitation (n = 8) or mitral stenosis (valve area, 1.2 ± 0.2 cm 2 ) (n = 4) underwent prosthetic valve replacement using crystalloid cardioplegia. No patient required therapeutic inotropic support, every patient had at least the anterior mitral leaflet excised, and paced heart rate was maintained constant throughout. Left ventricular volume was measured with radionuclide angiocardiography, left ventricular pressure with a 3F micromanometer, and left ventricular wall volume with two-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. Left ventricular preload was varied over a mean enddiastolic pressure range of 9 to 20 mm Hg and an end-diastolic volume range of 134 to 170 mL to generate four to five steady-state pressure-volume loops before and ten minutes after cardiopulmonary bypass. Left ventricular performance was estimated with the stroke work/end-diastolic volume relationship, which is insensitive to load. After bypass, no significant change ( p > 0.1) was noted in wall volume for patients with mitral regurgitation or mitral stenosis (175 ± 68 to 189 ± 63 mL/m 2 and 130 ± 22 to 127 ± 19 mL/m 2 , respectively). The stroke work/end-diastolic volume relationships were highly linear before and after bypass with a mean linear regression coefficient of 0.96 ± 0.03, and the slope and x-intercept were not changed after bypass ( p > 0.1). These data suggest that partial excision of the mitral apparatus does not significantly impair left ventricular performance during the early period after routine valve replacement.
General HETP equation for the study of mass-transfer mechanisms in RPLC.

Classical HETP equations including the Van Deemter and the Knox equations, are semiempirical, approximate equations that provide apparent mass-transfer coefficients with little sound physical justifications. The conventional A and B coefficients are revisited, the former through the use of the fundamental theory of eddy diffusion due to Giddings, the latter by taking into account the intraparticle diffusion (pore and surface diffusion). Our work confirms that eddy diffusion originated from three different sources in RPLC: trans-channel, short-range interchannel, and long-range interchannel velocity biases. Accordingly, the eddy diffusion term is given by the ratio of two third-degree polynomials. Finally, the C term is the sum of two terms corresponding to the resistance to mass transfer due to diffusion through the external stationary film of liquid phase surrounding the silica particles and to the classical resistances to mass transfer due to diffusion through the silica particles. It is easily related...
On Strassen's version of the law of the iterated logarithm for the two-parameter Gaussian process

Abstract Strassen's version of the law of the iterated logarithm is extended to the two-parameter Gaussian process {X(s, t); ϵ(s, t) ∈[0, ∞)2} with the covariance function R((s 1 ,t 1 ),(s 2 ,t 2 )) = min (s 1 ,s 2 ) min (t 1 ,t 2 ).
Visualizing social network concepts

Social network concepts are invaluable for understanding the social network phenomena, but they are difficult to comprehend without computerized visualization. However, most existing network visualization techniques provide limited support for the comprehension of network concepts. This research proposes an approach called concept visualization to facilitate the understanding of social network concepts. The paper describes an implementation of the approach. Results from a controlled laboratory experiment indicate that, compared with the benchmark system, the NetVizer system facilitated better understanding of the concepts of betweenness centrality, gatekeepers of subgroups, and structural similarity. It also supported a faster comprehension of subgroup identification.
Should a pregnant flight nurse be allowed to fly

Summary The question posed at the start of this article, “Should a pregnant flight nurse be allowed to fly?” must be answered with qualifications. A flight nurse should not necessarily stop flying at the beginning of her pregnancy. The known and unknown risks specific to a particular program should be identified. The risk posed for maternal-fetal oxygen can be combated by using supplemental oxygen for the flight nurse who reaches cabin altitudes greater than 8,000 feet, although no documented adverse fetal effects have been reported at higher altitudes. A pregnancy policy that allows the flight nurse to leave active flight status when necessary, for whatever reason, and to return after maternity leave is optimal. An air medical program can always benefit from a temporary “ground nurse” who takes an intense look at quality assurance, community outreach, or flight nursing research.
Natural selection under population regulation

The dynamical behavior of multi-allele, one-locus systems is analyzed under population regulation. Weak selection is assumed. It is shown that for sufficiently large times, t, the nth time derivative of the population number N(t) is of order n}+1 in the selection coefficients. These order relations imply there is an asymptotic “quasi-equilibrium” in which population size and mean fitness change slowly relative to changes in gene frequencies. Consistent with the results of other authors, in quasi-equilibrium the mean fitness is second-order in the selection coefficients. In an effort to understand dynamic behavior beyond the immediate neighborhood of equilibrium, the topology of mean fitness surfaces is explored. In general, population regulation leads to regions of decreasing mean fitness in which there are important changes in gene frequencies. To illustrate this and other related phenomena, I analyze models in which there is logarithmic population control, and in which genotypic fitnesses Wi(x) are linear in the allele frequencies x. Exact solutions for mean fitness W(x) are obtained for two- and three-allele systems with symmetric fertilities and mortalities.
Interdisciplinary team training identifies discrepancies in institutional policies and practices

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an interdisciplinary team-training program in obstetric emergencies on identifying unsupportive institutional policies and systems-based practices. We implemented a qualitative study design with a purposive sample of interdisciplinary physicians, nurses, and ancillary allied health professionals from 4 specialties (n = 79) to conduct a 6-month, weekly simulation-based intervention for managing obstetric emergencies. Debriefing focused on identifying discrepancies between clinical practice and institutional policies. Our data yielded 5 categories of discrepancies between institutional or departmental policy and actual clinical practice. Specific institutional policies and system-based practices were recommended to health system administration for reevaluation. Simulation-based interdisciplinary team training can inform system-wide quality improvement objectives that could lead to increased patient safety.
agency and social theory: a review of Anthony Giddens

New Rules of Sociological Method: A Positive Critique of Interpretative Sociologies Central Problems in Social Theory: Action, Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 1. Power, Property and the State
Multiscale characterization of macromolecular dynamics: application to photoacitve yellow protein

Photoactive yellow protein was first discovered in Halorhodospira halophilia, causing the bacterium to flee potentially DNA-damaging light, and serves as a model system for signaling proteins. Upon absorption of a blue photon, PYP's chromophore undergoes a trans-to-cis isomerization that disrupts the hydrogen bond network in the core of the protein, resulting in a large conformational change and transformation into the signaling state. Because of the timescales involved, conventional molecular dynamics simulation of this system is practically impossible. In addition, due to the short signaling state lifetime, experimental determination of the signaling-state structure is also challenging. Here we use a combination of tools we have developed: a coarse-grain model [4], an all-atom reconstruction technique [5], locally scaled diffusion maps [9], and our most recent technique diffusion map-directed molecular dynamics [14], to explore the elusive structure of the signaling state of PYP.
Retention of mediation set in paired-associate learning of normal children and retardates.

Abstract The paired-associate learning (PAL) performance of seven-year-old children and educable retardates of equivalent MA was compared in learning three successive lists under varying degrees of mediational facilitation and in retention of mediational set on two additional lists. The mediational paradigm consisted of S s reciting prearranged sentences containing stimulus and response terms prior to learning the first list, formulating their own sentences prior to learning the second, and receiving nonspecific instructions on the third; one week later S s learned two additional lists without comment. Normals and retardates in the mediating condition were equally superior in PAL as compared with S s in the nonmediating condition, but only the normal children were successful in retention of set. Since the majority of retardates did not formulate sentences spontaneously in the later lists, their inability to retain set was diseussed in terms of a production deficiency.
State of Knowledge and Practice: Opportunities for Intelligent Transportation Systems in the Energy Arena

This study examined the capacity of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) to reduce energy consumption in the transportation sector. Research included a literature review focused on the energy-saving capacity of ITS technologies and interviews with ITS stakeholders and transportation experts and practitioners. A case study of an ITS project in Portland, Oregon, was used to illustrate the challenges and the opportunities associated with implementing ITS technologies. The objective of this study was to document the state of knowledge and practice and to create a resource for action and implementation of ITS technologies with energy savings as a goal. There is a lack of empirical evidence to substantiate the capacity of ITS to reduce energy consumption in the transportation sector. However, research indicates that the use of ITS has contributed to reductions in vehicular delay but further benefits may be limited. In contrast, ITS does have the potential to reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT), with signifi...
Global Forced Hierarchical Router

The Global Forced Hierarchical Router routes a printed circuit board first using a coarse grid to globally approximate a routing solution, and then using a fine grid to complete each coarse cell sequentially. The global stage assigns net crossings to each coarse cell border without specifying the exact location of crossing or layer number. The sequential stage takes each coarse cell and completely routes the cell. All that resides in memory is the coarse grid, a fine grid large enough to route one coarse cell, and the list of segments created by the sequential stage. The global stage routes quickly because it uses a coarse grid; the sequential stage routes quickly because its cells are small and therefore simple.
Mosaic crystal X-ray spectrometer to resolve inelastic background from anomalous scattering experiments

Abstract We describe a mosaic crystal X-ray energy analyzing spectrometer to separate the inelastic scattering enhanced by radiation near an absorption edge from the elastic diffraction of interest for atomic site determinations. An important consideration is to minimize the sensitivity to changing source profile so that diffracted intensities are comparable over large angular ranges. Energy resolution limited mainly by fractional-mm source sizes is comparable to that with nearly perfect crystals. High spectrometer efficiency for the diffusely distributed X-ray scattering associated with amorphous materials and the weak Laue scattering from chemical order in crystalline solid solutions is achieved with a combination of sagittal and parafocusing from a mosaic graphite monochromator. Because of the mosaic nature of the crystal, the parafocusing geometry achieves meridional focusing for a magnification of 1 : 1, and a broad energy range proportional to the mosaic spread is dispersed along a linear position-sensitive detector for simultaneous detection. Energy resolution ΔE/E of 1 500 and lower is achieved in the 6–10-keV energy range tested. Though the sagittal radius is fixed, the spectrometer will operate effectively over an X-ray energy range of E ± 0.5E with fixed focal distances. This mosaic crystal spectrometer offers similar advantages for X-ray spectroscopy experiments.
Isomer shifts of the 145-keV transition in 14159Pr

Abstract Isomer shifts have been observed in a Mossbauer scattering study of the 145-keV level in 141 59 Pr and an estimate has been made of the difference in mean square charge radius, 〈γ 2 〉1g 7 2 − 〈γ 2 2d 5 2 = −(8.3 ± 2.5) · 10 −29 cm 2 .
Marina inventory and berthing supply projections: Mississippi's Gulf Coast

Abstract The location as well as pace of marina development is a major issue in current coastal zone management. The supply and demand for marinas providing certain services in specific locations are growing and must be met. At the same time the environmental integrity of the coastal zone must be maintained against the many possible impacts of marina development. Compounding these problems from the view of both the developer and coastal zone manager is the absence of necessary data and accepted methodologies for estimating future supply needs for marine berthing. This paper describes a multi‐focii approach to the establishment of an information base and marina supply projections for the Mississippi Gulf Coast. Data on existing marina types, services, and facilities are obtained via fieldwork; future marina slip supply needs are estimated using a combination of several techniques and data sources. The study serves two purposes. First, it initiates the basis for improved management of marina development on ...
Who gets the most out of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders? The role of treatment dose and patient engagement.

Objective The present study explored treatment dose and patient engagement as predictors of treatment outcome in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders. Method Measures of high versus low treatment dose and high versus low patient engagement in CBT were compared as predictors of 12- and 18-month outcomes for patients being treated for anxiety disorders with CBT (with or without concurrent pharmacotherapy) in primary care settings as part of a randomized controlled effectiveness trial of the Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management (CALM) intervention. Measures of dose (attendance, exposure completion) and engagement in CBT (homework adherence, commitment) were collected throughout treatment, and blinded follow-up phone assessments of outcome measures (12-item Brief Symptom Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire 8, Sheehan Disability Scale) were completed at 12 and 18 months. Propensity score weighting controlled for baseline differences in demographics and symptom severity between patients with high and low dose and engagement. These analyses included the 439 patients who selected CBT as treatment modality. Results Completing exposures, having high attendance, and being more adherent to completing homework predicted better outcomes across all measures at 12 and 18 months, and high CBT commitment predicted better outcomes on all measures at 18 months. Conclusions This study found that higher treatment dose and patient engagement in CBT for anxiety disorders were stable and robust predictors of greater reductions in anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and functional disability.
Transparent yttrium oxide ceramics

Abstract Transparent discs of yttrium oxide, one centimeter in diameter by several millimeters thick, have been produced by hot forging under vacuum at 950°C and 10,000–12,000 psi for 48 hours. Lithium fluoride, required to produce full transparency, is eliminated during the sintering process. Optical absorption spectra of the hot-forged samples are nearly identical to those reported for single crystals.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Syndecan-1 and -4 Cytoplasmic Domains in Adherent B82 Fibroblasts

Abstract The syndecans, a family of cell surface proteoglycans, have highly conserved cytoplasmic domains that bind proteins containing PDZ domains and co-localize with the actin cytoskeleton. The syndecan cytoplasmic domains contain four conserved tyrosine residues, two of which are located within favorable sequences for phosphorylation. Endogenous tyrosine phosphorylation of syndecans-1 and -4 is detected in adherent B82 fibroblasts. Approximately 1.5% of total syndecan is endogenously phosphorylated, while most, if not all, cell surface syndecan is phosphorylated following treatment with the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate. Syndecan phosphorylation is also detected in Raji-S1 and NMuMG cells, but only following treatment with vanadate or pervanadate, suggesting that endogenous phosphorylation is maintained in an “off” state in these cells. Endogenous syndecan phosphorylation in B82 cells is rapidly blocked by genistein (IC50 < 10 μm) confirming the presence of a constitutively active kinase and a corresponding tyrosine phosphatase. Phosphorylation is also inhibited by herbimycin A (IC50 < 1.0 μm) and staurosporine (IC50 < 1.0 nm), suggesting a role for Src family kinases in regulating syndecan phosphorylation. Together, these data suggest an important role for tyrosine phosphorylation of the syndecan cytoplasmic domains in regulating downstream signaling events in response to cell adhesion and/or growth factor activity.
Topotecan and vincristine combination is effective against advanced bilateral intraocular retinoblastoma and has manageable toxicity

BACKGROUND: New, effective chemotherapeutic agents are needed for intraocular retinoblastoma. METHODS: This institutional clinical trial sought to estimate the rate of response to 2 courses of vincristine and topotecan (VT) window therapy in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma and advanced disease (Reese-Ellsworth group IV or V) in at least 1 eye. The topotecan dose started at 3 mg/m2/day for 5 days and was adjusted to target a systemic exposure of 140 ± 20 ng/mL · hour. The vincristine dose was 0.05 mg/kg for patients 12 months of age at diagnosis. RESULTS: From February 2005 to June 2010, 27 patients received VT window therapy. Median age at enrollment was 8.1 months (range, 0.7-22.1 months). Twenty-four patients (88.9%) responded to window therapy (95% confidence interval = 71.3%-96.9%). Hematologic toxicity comprised grade 4 neutropenia (n = 27), grade 3 anemia (n = 19), and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia (n = 16). Thirteen patients had grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support was added after 10 patients had been treated, and it significantly reduced the duration of grade 4 neutropenia (median, 7 vs 24 days; P < .001). Pharmacokinetic studies showed rapid changes in topotecan clearance rates during the first year of life. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of topotecan and vincristine is effective for the treatment of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment alleviates the duration of grade 4 neutropenia. Appropriate topotecan starting doses for patients 0-3, 3-6, 6-9, 9-12, and >12 months of age are specified. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Hip rotation range of motion in people with and without low back pain who participate in rotation-related sports

Abstract Objective To examine whether passive hip rotation motion was different between people with and without low back pain (LBP) who regularly participate in sports that require repeated rotation of the trunk and hips. We hypothesized that people with LBP would have less total hip rotation motion and more asymmetry of motion between sides than people without LBP. Design Two group, case control. Setting University-based musculoskeletal analysis laboratory. Participants Forty-eight subjects (35 males, 13 females; mean age: 26.56±7.44 years) who reported regular participation in a rotation-related sport participated. Two groups were compared; people with LBP ( N =24) and people without LBP ( N =24; NoLBP). Main outcome measures: Data were collected on participant-related, LBP-related, sport-related, and activity-related variables. Measures of passive hip rotation range of motion were obtained. The differences between the LBP and NoLBP groups were examined. Results People with and without a history of LBP were the same with regard to all participant-related, sport-related and activity-related variables. The LBP group had significantly less total rotation ( P =.035) and more asymmetry of total rotation, right hip versus left hip ( P= .022) than the NoLBP group. Left total hip rotation was more limited than right total hip rotation in the LBP group ( P =.004). There were no significant differences in left and right total hip rotation for the NoLBP group ( P =.323). Conclusions Among people who participate in rotation-related sports, those with LBP had less overall passive hip rotation motion and more asymmetry of rotation between sides than people without LBP. These findings suggest that the specific directional demands imposed on the hip and trunk during regularly performed activities may be an important consideration in deciding which impairments may be most relevant to test and to consider in prevention and intervention strategies.
Hospitality management: a guide to key reference works

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an overview of the field of hospitality management and a guide to the major books, databases, web sites, and other resources that comprise a quality hospitality management reference collection. Design/methodology/approach – Following a short introduction and overview, key sources and annotations are presented in categories that will help reference and collection librarians to better understand and serve hospitality management students. The sources were identified through the author's experience, library research guides and web sites, bibliographies, and other standard sources. Findings – Hospitality management is growing and maturing as an academic discipline, aided by the fact that the field offers good job prospects. The key sources pertaining to hospitality management are scattered among several different industry sectors, including food and beverage, lodging, meetings and special events, travel and tourism, and theme parks and attractions. Originality/value – This ...
A revised peeling algorithm for determining if a hexagonal system is Kekuléan

Abstract It is proved that for any hexagonal system there is a peak and a valley which are border adjacent (the path from the peak to the valley along the border is monotone) and such that either the wetting border of the peak contains no peaks or the catching border of the valley contains no valleys. Based on this property, a revised peeling algorithm is given to find a perfect matching for a hexagonal system if it exists. As a consequence, it is shown that the matching between peaks and valleys induced by perfect path systems is unique.
Non-translation invariant Gibbs states with coexisting phases. I: Existence of sharp interface for Widom-Rowlinson type lattice models in three dimensions

We investigate the spatially inhomogeneous states of two component,A - B, Widom-Rowlinson type lattice systems. When the fugacity of the two components are equal and large, these systems can exist in two different homogeneous (translation invariant) pure phases oneA-rich and oneB-rich. We consider now the system in a box with boundaries favoring the segregation of these two phases into “top and bottom” parts of the box. Utilizing methods due to Dobrushin we prove the existence, in three or more dimensions, of a “sharp” interface for the system which persists in the limit of the size of the box going to infinity. We also give some background on rigorous results for the interface problem in Ising spin systems.
Causes of hypercalcemia in a population of military veterans in the United States.

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the various causes of hypercalcemia in a population of US veterans at the San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Methods A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed on 212 US veterans encountered between 1998 and 2002 with serum calcium measurements between 10.5 and 10.9 mg/dL on multiple readings or 11.0 mg/dL (or greater) on any single determination. Data were collected from the clinical records for each patient and used to determine the cause of each patient’s hypercalcemia. Patients undergoing hemodialysis were excluded from this study. Results The study population consisted of 201 men (95%) and 11 women (5%), with a median age of 63 years (range, 25 to 95). Of the 212 patients, 59 (28%) had a diagnosis of malignant disease, 38 (18%) had primary hyperparathyroidism, and 114 (54%) had hypercalcemia due to a range of other causes. The mean total serum calcium concentration for all patients in this study was 11.69 mg/dL. Lung carcinoma was the most prevalent malignant condition (in 17 patients or 29% of those with cancer). A single parathyroid adenoma (in 20 of 22 patients who underwent surgical intervention) accounted for the majority of cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. Among the other identified causes of hypercalcemia, acute renal failure was the most common (in 37 patients or 17% of all patients). In 37 patients, no specific cause for the hyper-calcemia was identified. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on hypercalcemia within the US veterans population. Although the 2 most common causes of hypercalcemia, hyperparathyroidism and malignant disease, were represented in this study, the majority of cases of hyper-calcemia in this population of US veterans related to other etiologic factors. (Endocr Pract. 2006;12:535-541)
Culture and the Environment in the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union is one of the most physically and culturally diverse nations on earth. Its natural environment embraces a rich variety of resources and ecosystems, many of which, such as Lake Baikal, are of world significance. Culturally, it is comprised of over a hundred ethnic groups, belonging to eight major language groups and six major religions. However, two cultures are dominant: the Slavic group (which takes in 75% of the USSR population and 80% of its land area) and the Turkic-Islamic peoples who account for the large majority of the remainder. Owing to the highly centralized nature of the country's political-administrative system, however, the effect of culture or ethnic traditions in the resolution of national environmental issues is quite small. Major decisions regarding either specific conservation issues or basic environmental policies are made at the centralized level by ministerial, planning, and Communist Party officials, and are based on pragmatically refined ideological considerations, rather than on regional cultural attitudes. This pragmatic refining of ideological considerations will involve the weighing of specific economic and environmental imperatives, and deciding on appropriate trade-offs. To find cultural expression in environmental management, one would need to look closely at local projects and approaches in the various ethnic regions, particularly the non-Slavic ones.
Hypocretin (orexin) and melanin concentrating hormone loss and the symptoms of Parkinson's disease

We reported that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have a substantial loss of hypocretin (Hcrt) cells (Thannickal et al. , 2007). As two of the authors of the letter to which we are responding have emphasized in their prior publication (Baumann et al. , 2005), and as other groups have reported, the sleep disturbances associated with PD are a major complaint in a large proportion of these patients (Arnulf et al. , 2000; Frucht et al. , 2000; Arnulf et al. , 2002; Frucht, 2002; Onofrj et al. , 2003; Arnulf, 2005; Abbott et al. , 2005; Arnulf, 2006; Benbir et al. , 2006; Rye, 2006; Savitt et al. , 2006) and resemble the sleep complaints of narcoleptics. These disturbances can include not only sleep attacks and nocturnal insomnia, but also REM sleep behaviour disorder, which can lead to severe injury. In our prior study of narcoleptics, the loss of Hcrt cells, in patients who had been symptomatic for an average of 41 years (range 31–51 years), was on average 91% (range from 86 to 94%) (Thannickal et al. , 2000). Published data have not …
Infrasonic waves from moving auroral electrojets

Abstract The source regions of infrasonic waves observed at College, Alaska are identified with supersonic auroral electrojets which cross the zenith from the northwest during substorm activity. By the use of an infinite line current approximation the speed, direction of motion, and zenith crossing time are determined for the electrojets from their surface magnetic perturbations. The directions of motion of the electrojets and of the infrasonic wave surfaces are in good agreement. However a comparison of the speed of auroral electrojets, determined on the one hand by estimating d(BZ/BH) dt, on the basis of the observed values of ΔH and δZ, and on the other hand by auroral photographic measurements, indicates that return currents and induced Earth currents cause the velocities derived from magnetograms to be too small by a factor of two. Nevertheless, magnetic analysis can establish a lower limit to the electrojet speed to determine whether or not it can be a source of auroral infrasonic shock waves.