cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Anchored Audio Sampling: A Seamless Method for Exploring Children's Thoughts During Deployment Studies

Many traditional HCI methods, such as surveys and interviews, are of limited value when working with preschoolers. In this paper, we present anchored audio sampling (AAS), a remote data collection technique for extracting qualitative audio samples during field deployments with young children. AAS offers a developmentally sensitive way of understanding how children make sense of technology and situates their use in the larger context of daily life. AAS is defined by an anchor event, around which audio is collected. A sliding window surrounding this anchor captures both antecedent and ensuing recording, providing the researcher insight into the activities that led up to the event of interest as well as those that followed. We present themes from three deployments that leverage this technique. Based on our experiences using AAS, we have also developed a reusable open-source library for embedding AAS into any Android application.
A Motivational and Neuropeptidergic Hub: Anatomical and Functional Diversity within the Nucleus Accumbens Shell

The mesocorticolimbic pathway is canonically known as the "reward pathway." Embedded within the center of this circuit is the striatum, a massive and complex network hub that synthesizes motivation, affect, learning, cognition, stress, and sensorimotor information. Although striatal subregions collectively share many anatomical and functional similarities, it has become increasingly clear that it is an extraordinarily heterogeneous region. In particular, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) medial shell has repeatedly demonstrated that the rules dictated by more dorsal aspects of the striatum do not apply or are even reversed in functional logic. These discrepancies are perhaps most easily captured when isolating the functions of various neuromodulatory peptide systems within the striatum. Endogenous peptides are thought to play a critical role in modulating striatal signals to either amplify or dampen evoked behaviors. Here we describe the anatomical-functional backdrop upon which several neuropeptides act within the NAc to modulate behavior, with a specific emphasis on nucleus accumbens medial shell and stress responsivity. Additionally, we propose that, as the field continues to dissect fast neurotransmitter systems within the NAc, we must also provide considerable contextual weight to the roles local peptides play in modulating these circuits to more comprehensively understand how this important subregion gates motivated behaviors.
Automatic verification of data-centric business processes

Recent years have witnessed the evolution of business process specification frameworks from the traditional process-centric approach towards data-awareness. Process-centric formalisms focus on control flow while under-specifying the underlying data and its manipulations by the process tasks, often abstracting them away completely. In contrast, data-aware formalisms treat data as first-class citizens. A notable exponent of this class is the business artifact model pioneered in [46, 34], deployed by IBM in professional services offerings with associated tooling, and further studied in a line of follow-up works [4, 5, 26, 27, 6, 38, 33, 35, 42]. Business artifacts (or simply “artifacts”) model key business-relevant entities, which are updated by a set of services that implement business process tasks. A collection of artifacts and services is called an artifact system. This modeling approach has been successfully deployed in practice, yielding proven savings when performing business process transformations [5, 4, 15].
Imaging Strategies for Evaluating Low-Flow, Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis with Reduced and Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common valvular heart diseases, and aortic valve replacement (AVR) provides both symptomatic and survival benefit in symptomatic severe AS patients. The purpose of this review is to discuss low-flow low-gradient AS which is still a challenging diagnostic entity. Thirty–forty percent of patients with AS have low flow which makes it difficult to differentiate truly severe AS that benefits from AVR compared to pseudo-severe AS which is currently managed conservatively. Patients with low-flow low-gradient AS (LF-LG AS) include those with reduced left ventricular systolic function (classical LF-LG AS) and those with preserved left ventricular systolic function (paradoxical LF-LG AS). Low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) helps to identify truly severe stenosis in patients with classical LF-LG AS. Aortic valve calcium scoring with multidetector computed tomography plays a major role in patients with paradoxical LF-LG AS and also among classical LF-LG AS patients who have reduced contractile reserve on DSE. This article will provide an overview of imaging strategies for evaluating LF-LG AS with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
Fishes with high reproductive output potential on California offshore oil and gas platforms

Reproductive output can serve as an important metric to assess the value of a marine habitat as it combines fish densities, size at maturity, and the exponential increase of fecundity with body length. California may permit some portion of the structures of offshore oil and gas platforms to remain in place if a "net benefit to the marine environment" can be demonstrated. Here we assess habitats at 23 oil and gas platforms in terms of site- and species- specific estimates of potential reproductive output. We identified 17 fish species (15 rockfishes Sebastes spp.) that have potential reproductive output densities (no. eggs m–2) on individual platforms that were tens to hundreds of times their average on natural reefs in the study area, with the highest potential reproductive output values being observed on platforms for all but two of these species. These extreme values were typically observed in platform base habitats, and likely result from the combined effects of high levels of fish recruitment to midwater platform habitats, relatively low fishing activity on these structures, and ontogenetic habitat use (depth-specific) patterns that make some platforms better habitats for some species based on the seafloor depth where they are sited. However, spatial variability was also very high across both platform and natural reef sites, including reproductive potential for almost all focal species being zero at the majority of surveyed sites. The contribution of fish reproductive potential to the discussion of decommissioning alternatives should therefore be considered on a case-by-case basis for each platform in California.
Event Delivery using Prediction for Faster Parallel SystemC Simulation

Out-of-order Parallel Discrete Event Simulation (OoO PDES) is an advanced simulation approach that efficiently verifies and validates SystemC models. To preserve the simulation semantics, OoO PDES performs a conservative event delivery strategy which often postpones the execution of waiting threads due to unknown future behaviors of the model. In this paper, based on predicted behaviors of threads, we introduce a novel event delivery strategy that allows waiting threads to resume execution earlier, resulting in significantly increased simulation speed. Experimental results show that the proposed approach increases the OoO PDES simulation speed by up to 4.9x compared to the original one on a 4-core machine.
Effect of two kinds of pulling needle order on the arteriovenous fistula bleeding after dialysis

Objective To explore the proper pulling needle order so as to reduce the complication of arteriovenous fistula and provide evidence for increasing the use time of arteriovenous fistula.Methods Totals of 80 cases were recruited and divided into traditional pulling group and new pulling group,with 40 case in each group.In the traditional pulling group,the arterial puncture needles were pulled first,while the venous puncture needles were pulled first in new pulling group.Then,the hemostasis press time and the complications incidence of arteriovenous fistula were observed.Results The hemostasis press time and bleeding volume of new pulling group were lower than that of traditional pulling group(9.47 min vs 19.87 min,0.23 ml vs 4.82 ml),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of hematoma and bleeding of new pulling group (0.00％ and 10.50％ ) was lower than that of the control group( 3.00％,31.00％ ),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The new technology of pulling the venous puncture needles can achieve the aim of effective hemostasis,reduce the complication of arteriovenous fistula,which can protect the arteriovenous fistula better and prolong its use time. Key words: Nursing care; Renal dialysis; Arteriovenous fistula; Hemostasis
Security Enhancement Against Insiders in Cyber-Manufacturing Systems

Abstract Insiders—who are within a security parameter of a system—can intentionally or unintentionally harm the system due to their granted access authorization and intimate knowledge of the system. Especially, Cyber-Manufacturing systems employing Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to control manufacturing processes via various computer networks can be easily compromised and critically damaged by insiders. This paper presents a system architecture of an applied blockchain in Cyber-Manufacturing System, where the input data for PLC is stored and retrieved through the blockchain. The paper demonstrates how the blockchain technology can help preventing the data from unintended manipulation or data injection by insiders.
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with High-Grade Features Versus Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: An Analysis of Clinicopathologic and Molecular Features and Outcome.

Background: Similar to poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma with high-grade features (PTC HGF) demonstrates increased mitotic activity and/or necrosis; howeve...
Spinal fistulas documented by contrast enhanced computed tomography during myelopathy workup: a lost opportunity

Low-flow spinal arteriovenous fistulas (SAVFs) with intradural venous drainage typically manifest with a progressive venous hypertensive myelopathy (VHM) in older patients. VHM is difficult to identify. MRI is often nonspecific, and many cases are initially misdiagnosed, most often as transverse myelitis. The workup of myelopathic patients frequently includes thoracic and/or abdominal contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) that are generally not reviewed by neuroradiologists. The purpose of this work was to investigate how often abnormal enhancing intracanalar structures corresponding to the draining veins of a low-flow SAVF were documented by CECT. We evaluated 92 consecutive patients with low-flow SAVFs and VHM treated at our institution between 2009 and 2018. The study group included 22 of these patients with at least one thoracoabdominal CECT available for review. The control group consisted of 20 consecutive myelopathy patients with negative angiography and at least one thoracoabdominal CECT. Intracanalar enhancing structures were classified either as (i) conspicuous or (ii) equivocal or absent. One CECT in the study group was technically inadequate. Conspicuous intracanalar enhancing structures were observed in 20 of the remaining 21 patients with SAVFs (95.2%) and in 2 of 20 control patients (10%). None of the enhancing intracanalar structures was mentioned in official study reports. The presence of enhancing vascular structures within the spinal canal on thoracoabdominal CECT obtained during the workup of myelopathies appears to represent a powerful but currently underappreciated tool for the detection of low-flow SAVFs.
Relationships between Physical and Mental Health in Adolescents from Low-Income, Rural Communities: Univariate and Multivariate Analyses

Environment (i.e., rural vs. urban) and socioeconomic status (SES) are moderating factors of physical (i.e., obesity and/or physical activity) and internalizing mental health (i.e., stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) in adolescents. Relationships between physical and mental health have been shown in adolescents; however, research has not addressed these relationships in those from low-income, rural backgrounds. Thus, the present study characterized physical and mental health in rural, low-SES adolescents and investigated relationships between physical and mental health in this population. Data were collected from 253 10th and 11th-grade students from Title I schools in rural Alabama. Self-report measures of mental health, self-esteem, body image, and physical activity were obtained, in addition to functional fitness and physical health assessments completed at each school. Relationships between mental and physical health were assessed using Pearson correlations and multivariate data-driven cluster analysis. Positive correlations were observed between body composition and mental health symptoms, while negative correlations were observed between body image and mental health and body composition. However, sex differences were present in these relationships. The multivariate cluster analysis identified groups of individuals based on profiles of mental and physical health. This individual-level analysis identified students with greater mental and/or physical health burdens (n = 53 and n = 40) who may benefit from targeted interventions. Overall, these results provide evidence of elevated mental and physical health burdens among rural, low-income adolescents. Moreover, targeted programs are needed to provide education about the relationship between physical and mental health to reduce health burdens in both domains in this population.
Atrial arrhythmia related outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

RATIONALE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with many clinical manifestations including respiratory failure and cardiovascular compromise. OBJECTIVES: We examine outcomes in critically ill individuals with COVID-19 who develop atrial tachyarrhythmias. METHODS: We collected data from electrocardiograms and the electronic medical record of COVID-19 positive (COVID+ ) and negative (COVID- ) individuals admitted to our medical intensive care unit between February 29 and June 28, 2020. We compared clinical and demographic characteristics, new onset atrial tachyarrhythmia, hemodynamic compromise following atrial tachyarrhythmia, and in-hospital mortality in COVID+ versus COVID- . Hemodynamic compromise was defined as having a new or increased vasopressor requirement or the need for direct current cardioversion for hemodynamic instability within 1 hour of atrial tachyarrhythmia onset. RESULTS: Of 300 individuals included, 200 were COVID+ and 100 were COVID- . Mean age was 60 ± 16 years, 180 (60%) were males, and 170 (57%) were African American. New onset atrial tachyarrhythmia occurred in 16% of COVID+ and 19% of COVID- individuals (P = .51). When compared to COVID- participants without atrial tachyarrhythmia, COVID+ individuals with new onset atrial tachyarrhythmia had higher mortality after multivariable adjustment (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.9-13.5). New onset atrial tachyarrhythmia was followed by hemodynamic compromise in 18 COVID+ but no COVID- participants (P = .0001). COVID+ individuals with hemodynamic compromise after atrial tachyarrhythmia required increased ventilatory support at the time of atrial tachyarrhythmia onset. CONCLUSIONS: Atrial tachyarrhythmia is associated with increased mortality in critically ill individuals with COVID-19, especially those mechanically ventilated. Recognition of this could assist with clinical care for individuals with COVID-19.
17 Lupus treatment in the next decade: the next decade is upon us

There is little question that our colleagues in rheumatology who treat patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis have outdone us ‘lupologists’ in bringing new therapies to the community. Biologics have truly been transformative for those patients with inflammatory arthritis. We are now starting to see the same successes in lupus. As we celebrate the 10th anniversary of the FDA approval of belimumab, the lupus community recently witnessed the approval of two drugs, belimumab and voclosporin, for the treatment of lupus nephritis. In addition, several Phase 2 studies yielded favorable results and will be progressing to Phase 3.1–5 Drug development activity is currently unprecedented, and there is no doubt that research advances will improve outcomes and ensure brighter futures for our patients with systemic lupus. Learning Objectives Describe unmet needs in SLE treatment Discuss biologic targets for SLE drug development Explain recent clinical trial results References Wallace DJ, Furie RA, Tanaka Y, et al. Baricitinib for systemic lupus erythematosus: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2018;392(10143):222–31. Rovin BH, Solomons N, Pendergraft WF, 3rd, et al. A randomized, controlled double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of dose-ranging voclosporin with placebo in achieving remission in patients with active lupus nephritis. Kidney Int. 2019;95(1):219–31. Furie R, Werth VP, Merola JF, et al. Monoclonal antibody targeting BDCA2 ameliorates skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest. 2019;129(3):1359–71. Furie R, Rovin BH, Houssiau F, et al. Two-Year, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Belimumab in Lupus Nephritis. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(12):1117–28. Morand EF, Furie R, Tanaka Y, et al. Trial of Anifrolumab in Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(3):211–21.
A Critical Approach to 14C Dating in the Caribbean: Using Chronometric Hygiene to Evaluate Chronological Control and Prehistoric Settlement

Radiocarbon (14C) dating is one of the most important tools for archaeologists. Although radiocarbon dates provide a temporal foundation for analyzing the remains of past cultures, it is critical that these dates be periodically reviewed for consistency and accuracy to ensure chronological control. A review of publications pertaining to Caribbean archaeology since the 1960s demonstrates that researchers there have often failed to adequately report and critique radiocarbon dates, making it difficult to fully assess their value in chronology building. A chronometric hygiene analysis of over 600 dates reveals that when isolated, culturally ambiguous, poorly provenienced, and contaminated dates are rejected, only about 80 percent remain useful. In addition, the paucity of early Saladoid (ca. 500 B.C.–A.D. 1) and Archaic age (ca. 2500–500 B.C.) dates in the southern Lesser Antilles suggests that there was not a “stepping-stone” migration of prehistoric peoples northward from South America into the Lesser Antilles.
Fine-grained spatial information extraction in radiology as two-turn question answering.

Abstract Objectives Radiology reports contain important clinical information that can be used to automatically construct fine-grained labels for applications requiring deep phenotyping. We propose a two-turn question answering (QA) method based on a transformer language model, BERT, for extracting detailed spatial information from radiology reports. We aim to demonstrate the advantage that a multi-turn QA framework provides over sequence-based methods for extracting fine-grained information. Methods Our proposed method identifies spatial and descriptor information by answering queries given a radiology report text. We frame the extraction problem such that all the main radiology entities (e.g., finding, device, anatomy) and the spatial trigger terms (denoting the presence of a spatial relation between finding/device and anatomical location) are identified in the first turn. In the subsequent turn, various other contextual information that acts as important spatial roles with respect to a spatial trigger term are extracted along with identifying the spatial and other descriptor terms qualifying a radiological entity. The queries are constructed using separate templates for the two turns and we employ two query variations in the second turn. Results When compared to the best-reported work on this task using a traditional sequence tagging method, the two-turn QA model exceeds its performance on every component. This includes promising improvements of 12 , 13 , and 12 points in the average F1 scores for identifying the spatial triggers, Figure, and Ground frame elements, respectively. Discussion Our experiments suggest that incorporating domain knowledge in the query (a general description about a frame element) helps in obtaining better results for some of the spatial and descriptive frame elements, especially in the case of the clinical pre-trained BERT model. We further highlight that the two-turn QA approach fits well for extracting information for complex schema where the objective is to identify all the frame elements linked to each spatial trigger and finding/device/anatomy entity, thereby enabling the extraction of more comprehensive information in the radiology domain. Conclusion Extracting fine-grained spatial information from text in the form of answering natural language queries holds potential in achieving better results when compared to more standard sequence labeling-based approaches.
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry— General Considerations for the Application of Experimental Techniques

In applying atomic absorption spectrometry to an analytical problem, the analyst must have an understanding of the basic instrumental components. The essential components of an atomic absorption instrument consist of a primary source of radiation, a means of producing atomic vapor from the analyte, wavelength selection, signal detection, and readout. While several types of radiation sources are available, hollow cathode lamps are the primary choice for most workers in the field. The production of atomic vapor of the analyte is probably the most important parameter in atomic absorption spectrometry. The selection of the oxidant-fuel or nonflame method of producing neutral atoms will depend upon the concentration of analyte and the matrices. While the analyst has a wide choice of methods at his disposal, an understanding of the problems related to the production of atomic vapor is essential to- obtain the maximum precision and accuracy. Also, interferences, sample preparation, and methods for evaluation of data are discussed.
Open mobile alliance secure content exchange: introducing key management constructs and protocols for compromise-resilient easing of DRM restrictions

This paper presents an insider's view of the rationale and the cryptographic mechanics of some principal elements of the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Secure Content Exchange (SCE) Technical Specifications. A primary goal is to enable implementation of a configurable methodology that quarantines the effects that unknown-compromised entities have on still-compliant entities in the system, while allowing import from upstream protection systems and multi-client reuse of Rights Objects that grant access to plaintext content. This has to be done without breaking compatibility with the underlying legacy OMA DRM v2.0/v2.1 Technical Specifications. It is also required that legacy devices can take at least partial advantage of the new import functionality, and can request the creation of SCE-compatible Rights Objects and utilize Rights Objects created upon request of SCE-conformant devices. This must be done in a way that the roles played by newly defined entities unrecognizable by legacy devices remain hidden.
Boundary value problems in transport with mixed or oblique derivative boundary conditions—I: Formulation of equivalent integral equations

Abstract When an internally heated body is cooled along its boundary by a peripherally flowing fluid that is continually replenished from an external source, a differential energy balance on the boundary leads to unfamiliar boundary conditions. Such boundary conditions involve mixed second derivatives with respect to spatial variables, which under additional assumptions (such as an infinite heat transfer coefficient) lead to oblique derivative boundary conditions; i.e. at the boundary an oblique derivative of the temperature is specified. Classical attempts at solution of elliptic partial differential equations with oblique derivative boundary conditions have been through the establishment of equivalent singular integral equations, using complex analytic continuation. The theory of singular integral equations is complicated, however. Using appropriate Green's functions, the boundary value problems of interest have been reduced to equivalent integral equations in this work. While oblique derivative boundary value problems are shown to lead to singular integral equations, the mixed derivative boundary value problem is shown to yield Fredholm integral equations directly. This surprising finding is mathematically significant, because Fredholm integral equations are solved more easily, and physically significant because the mixed derivative boundary condition is the more realistic condition in the present context. A method of solution of Fredholm integral equations is discussed. More complicated boundary conditions in which axial conduction in the coolant fluid is important have also been shown to lead to Fredholm integral equations. Finally a transient problem has been formulated.
Perceptive Agile Measurement: New Instruments for Quantitative Studies in the Pursuit of the Social-Psychological Effect of Agile Practices

Rising interest on social-psychological effects of agile practices necessitate the development of appropriate measurement instruments for future quantitative studies. This study has constructed such instruments for eight agile practices, namely iteration planning, iterative development, continuous integration and testing, stand-up meetings, customer access, customer acceptance tests, retrospectives and co-location.
The Economic Impact of Living Wage Ordinances

Opponents of living wage measures consistently warn that these initiatives will not help, but will actually harm low-wage workers and their families. They argue that living wage laws will set off a series of unintended consequences which, because of the way wage ﬂoors are theorized to operate in market settings, will lower the welfare of their intended beneﬁciaries. Two sets of effects are of concern. The ﬁrst involves the ﬁrms covered by living wage requirements, where it is feared that higher wage ﬂoors will cause employers to shed low-wage labor through means such as workplace reorganization, substitution of new machinery or equipment, or replacement with higher-skilled (and already higher-paid) workers. In the extreme, ﬁrms could respond by relocating out of the area in an effort to avoid the living wage mandate. The second set of effects involves the cities that pass living wage ordinances. Adjusting to higher wage ﬂoors will impose costs on some businesses, and, at least in the case of city service contractors, much of this could be passed back to cities in the form of higher contract costs. Such costs to local government could be signiﬁcant, and carry with them the risk of reducing the level of existing city services or creating the need for additional taxes. These are matters of serious concern, given the precarious economic position of the lowest-paid segment of the US workforce, the fragile condition of local government ﬁnances, and the rapid proliferation of living wage measures throughout the country.
SiC/SiC Composites for 1200°C and Above

The successful replacement of metal alloys by ceramic matrix composites (CMC) in high-temperature engine components will require the development of constituent materials and processes that can provide CMC systems with enhanced thermal capability along with the key thermostructural properties required for long-term component service. This chapter presents information concerning processes and properties for five silicon carbide (SiC) fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composite systems recently developed by NASA that can operate under mechanical loading and oxidizing conditions for hundreds of hours at 1204, 1315, and 1427°C, temperatures well above current metal capability. This advanced capability stems in large part from specific NASA-developed processes that significantly improve the creeprupture and environmental resistance of the SiC fiber as well as the thermal conductivity, creep resistance, and intrinsic thermal stability of the SiC matrices.
Abstract 11651: Results of the LIMBS Study: Yoga, Alone or in Combination With Other Lifestyle Measures Reduces BP in Untreated Prehypertension and Stage 1 Hypertension

Introduction: Hypertension affects 1 in 3 adults in the US. Alternatives to drug therapy in mild hypertension are sought by patients preferring to avoid life long medication. Yoga is increasingly popular and potentially an alternative to chronic medication use. Methods: Based on pilot data we conducted an NIH funded study to assess the effects of yoga alone, or with dietary intervention, on BP reduction in subjects with prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension in untreated, healthy, yoga naive adults. Subjects were randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups for 24 weeks: Group 1 (Yoga): yoga practice in a yoga studio 2-3 x per week. Group 2 (Diet): supervised diet/weight reduction and walking program. Group 3 (Combo): Combination program of both yoga and dietary intervention. Subjects had inpatient 24 hour ambulatory BP monitoring performed at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Results: The study enrolled 137 subjects and 87 subjects completed the protocol. Results of the study and within group BP changes are shown in...
Incidence and Risk Factors for Perioperative Hyperglycemia in Children with Traumatic Brain Injury

BACKGROUND:Hyperglycemia after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor outcome. In this study, we examined the incidence and risk factors for perioperative hyperglycemia in children with TBI.METHODS:A retrospective cohort study of children ≤13 yr who underwent urgent or emergent craniot
Low-order state estimators and compensators for dynamical systems with unknown inputs

Abstract We propose a new type of state estimator for a class of dynamical systems with unknown inputs. We synthesize the combined low-order estimator-controller compensator and show the stability of the closed-loop system. The results are illustrated with a numerical example.
Current status of radionuclide tracer imaging of thrombi and atheroma

The imaging of thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques has great potential for decision making in the management of patients with all types of disease within the circulatory systems. This importance is owing to the developments showing that areas of moderate stenosis with underlying atheroma are physiologically reactive and capable of causing reversible clinical symptoms that can progress to irreversible end-organ damage if not effectively treated. Identifying and quantifying areas of smaller vulnerable plaque and areas of acute thrombosis will assist in identification of patients at risk and help determine when and how to treat these patients. Initial efforts in this area used nonspecific constituents of thrombi and atheroma that were radiolabeled using long-lived isotopes, which had high background activity that required imaging over 48 to 72 hours. Newer approaches have focused on the use of small antibody fragments or small peptides, so-called molecular recognition units , that specifically target antigens present only in areas of thrombosis or active atherogenesis. These compounds are labeled Technetium-99 m ( 99m Tc) and provide excellent images. Efforts to image thrombi have been directed at the IIB/IIIA receptor, which is present in low concentration on the cell membrane of circulating quiescent platelets, but on stimulation and active thrombosis, more than 80,000 potential binding sites per platelet appear. One such peptide has been clinically approved for imaging of deep vein thrombophiebitis. Parallel efforts are being made for imaging areas of active atherogenesis by targeting smooth muscle cells and other constituents unique for vulnerable plaques. Efforts in developing these modalities are important to expand the applications to new areas in nuclear cardiology.
The Cult of the Martyrs in Egypt Before Constantine: the Evidence of the Coptic Apocalypse of Elijah*

L'A. entend conduire son analyse du culte chretien des martyrs a partir d'une nouvelle approche: celle de Smith qui presente ce culte comme une localisation d'un type de piete utopique. En Egypte, ce culte trouve son origine dans les traditions indigenes de la region. Le christianisme egyptien devient ainsi une religion egyptienne christianisee. L'Apocalypse d'Elie incarne a elle seule le caractere regional du premier culte des martyrs
Bending Free Energy from Simulation: Correspondence of Planar and Inverse Hexagonal Lipid Phases

Simulations of two distinct systems, one a planar bilayer, the other the inverse hexagonal phase, indicate consistent mechanical properties and curvature preferences, with single DOPE leaflets having a spontaneous curvature, R0 = −26 A (experimentally ∼–29.2 A) and DOPC leaflets preferring to be approximately flat (R0= –65 A, experimentally ∼–87.3 A). Additionally, a well-defined pivotal plane, where a DOPE leaflet bends at constant area, has been determined to be near the glycerol region of the lipid, consistent with the experimentally predicted plane. By examining the curvature frustration of both high and low curvature, the transferability of experimentally determined bending constants is supported. The techniques herein can be applied to predict the effect of biologically active molecules on the mechanical properties of lipid bilayers under well-controlled conditions.
Description of interaction processes in agitated liquid-liquid dispersions

Abstract Phenomenological models are proposed to describe drop breakup and coalescence in a turbulently agitated liquid-liquid dispersion. Based on these models, breakage and coalescence rate functions are developed and used to solve the general population balance equation describing drop interactions in a continuous flow vessel. Parameters of the models are evaluated by comparison with experimental data on drop size distributions and mixing frequencies obtained in a continuous flow vessel over a range of operating conditions. The favorable agreement between experimental observation and the model are encouraging that the model is suitable for predicting dispersion properties such as drop size distributions, interfacial areas and mixing frequencies.
Intra-caste size differences between two social forms of the southern yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)

Changes in intraspecific social organization are of particular interest to sociobiologists, because an understanding of the genetic and ecological determinants of different social forms bears on the origins of sociality and mating isolation. The Southern Yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa (Drury), occurs as both polygyne and single queen nests. This study examined intra-caste size differences between both social forms of nests. Four polygyne and 13 single queen nests were collected from counties in Florida and Georgia. All single queen nests were one season old, whereas polygyne nests were at least 2 years old. The latter had significantly more workers per nest (p 0.72), whereas the lowest positive correlations were obtained between weight and all other measures of size (r < 0.64). Gynes of both social forms differed significantly in weight (p < 0.001) and thorax length (p < 0.04), whereas workers differed significantly for all six measures of size (p < 0.04 to p < 0.001).
Transformation through the Brigades

Teaching critical thinking skills beyond a formulaic, positivist set of questions is a central challenge in radical political economy and critical geography. Grounded in historical consciousness and a quest for human emancipation, critical thinking emerges as part of praxis, the reflective combination of theory and practice. Drawing on Gramsci and Freire, this paper presents the example of the Bucknell Brigades in which students learn about community based initiatives and work with an NGO grounded in community defined projects. The Brigades push the boundaries of most service-learning based in most social service agencies by offering a glimpse of historical consciousness, praxis, critical thinking, all with an emancipatory perspective.
Optimizing the SDS sedimentation test for end-use quality selection in a soft white and club wheat breeding program

ABSTRACT Soft white and club wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) market subclasses have specific end-use characteristics. Among the most important of these characteristics are weak dough mixing and handling properties as a result of weak gluten. The SDS sedimentation test has gained wide acceptance as a useful, small-scale test in bread wheat breeding programs to predict gluten strength and baking quality. To optimize its use for soft white or club wheat breeding, variations of the SDS sedimentation test were performed on grain from winter wheats grown at eight locations in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and the effects of lines, environment, and their interactions on SDS sedimentation volumes were determined. Using different sample weights and substituting whole meal for flour did not affect the ability of the SDS sedimentation test to differentiate among lines. Changes in protein concentration and sample weight caused proportional changes in SDS sedimentation volumes; however, the response was not consistent amon...
Continuous wave uv radiation tunable from 285 nm to 400 nm by harmonic and sum frequency generation.

Broadly tunable cw uv radiation has been generated by frequency doubling and sum frequency mixing in ADP, ADA, and RDP, using the output of a Kr laser, a Rh6G dye laser, and an oxazine 1 dye laser. Continuous tunable uv radiation has been obtained from 285 nm to 400 nm with a maximum power of 750 μW at 313 nm and with powers in excess of 5 μW from 290 nm to 390 nm.
Assessing the effects of library instruction

The current study sought to measure the influence of a one-hour library training/orientation session on college students' library use and library skill development. Data analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in student library use while there was no statistically significant increase in library skill development. Some issues, however, limited the utility of the findings. This paper also critiques the study's design with the intention of helping future researchers plan for occurrences that may limit the accuracy of their findings.
Individual sulfonylureas and serious hypoglycemia in older people

OBJECTIVE: To compare the risk of serious hypoglycemia associated with the use of individual sulfonylureas in older people. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study SETTING: The Tennessee Medicaid Program PATIENTS: A total of 13,963 Medicaid enrollees, aged 65 years or older, who were prescribed one of six sulfonylureas from 1985 to 1989. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Hospitalization, emergency room admission, or death associated with neuroglycopenic or autonomic symptoms, myocardial infarction, stroke, or injury, with a concomitant blood glucose determination of less than 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL). RESULTS: We identified 255 persons with a first episode of serious hypoglycemia during 20,715 person-years of sulfonylurea use. The crude rate (per 1000 person-years) of serious hypoglycemia was highest in glyburide users, 16.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.2 to 19.9) and lowest among users of tolbutamide, 3.5 (95% CI, 1.2 to 5.9). Users of tolbutamide, tolazamide, and glipizide had lower risks of serious hypoglycemia than users of chlorpropamide, whereas the risk of serious hypoglycemia among glyburide users did not differ from that of chlorpropamide users. Among second generation sulfonylureas, the adjusted relative risk of severe hypoglycemia among glyburide users, compared with glipizide users, was 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2 to 2.9). An increased risk of serious hypoglycemia associated with use of glyburide compared with glipizide occurred in all strata, including those defined by gender, race, nursing home residence, dose, and duration of use. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in risk of serious hypoglycemia were observed among users of individual agents. This may be explained by duration, timing, or potency of hypoglycemic action. These data confirm previous findings that chlorpropamide use is associated with high risk of hypoglycemia and indicate that among second generation sulfonylureas, glipizide is less associated with hypoglycemia than is glyburide. More information comparing the effectiveness of glycemic control among individual sulfonylureas is needed to assist prescribers in selecting a specific agent for use in clinical practice.
Effects of “Best Practices” of Environmental Management on Cost Advantage: The Role of Complementary Assets

Research on the effects on firm performance of “best practices” of environmental management, which are supposed to enable firms to simultaneously protect the environment and reduce costs, has so far ignored the roles of existing firm resources and capabilities. Drawing on the resource-based view of the firm, this study analyzes whether complementary assets are required to gain cost advantage from implementing best practices. Results based on survey data from 88 chemical companies indicate that capabilities for process innovation and implementation are complementary assets that moderate the relationship between best practices and cost advantage, a significant factor in determining firm performance.
Liquid drop surface dynamics for large nuclear deformations.

Macroscopic dynamical equations for the effective nuclear surface in terms of the collective variables are derived within the framework of the liquid drop model for large deformations. The inertia and friction parameters are calculated for Lorentz parametrization of nuclear shape in the case of incompressible and irrotational flow. We found the noticeable discrepancy between our results for the calculated friction tensor components related to the ``neck'' degree of freedom and obtained in other macroscopic models.
Congenital aneurysm of the right anterior sinus of Valsalva (interventricular aneurysm) with spontaneous rupture into the left ventricle

Abstract 1. 1. The clinical and post-mortem findings of a case of congenital aneurysm of the right anterior sinus of Valsalva with spontaneous rupture into the left ventricle are presented and discussed. 2. 2. This is believed to be the first published report of such a case.
Holonomic quantum field theory of bosons in the Poincaré disk and the zero curvature limit

Abstract We formulate a holonomic quantum field theory of bosons on a Poincare disk of radius R ( D R ) based on a monodromy preserving deformation of the laplacian operator defined on D R . First the isomonodromy problem for the laplacian is converted to an isomonodromy problem for a fuchsian system using the hyperbolic Laplace transform defined on D R . The deformation equations for the fuchsian system (Schlesinger equations) and an associated closed one-form ω are then discussed. Locally ω = d log τ defines a τ-function which is then identified with an n-point function of bosons defined on D R . At every step we discuss the limit R → ∞ where the problem reduces to one on the euclidean plane. This facilitates a detailed comparison with the original results of Sato, Miwa and Jimbo on the euclidean plane. The two-point function is discussed in some detail and it is shown that it can be expressed in terms of a Painleve transcendent of the sixth kind.
Characterization of antibodies to the native human collagens and to their component α chains in the sera and the joint fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Studies were conducted on selected patients with rheumatoid arthrities (RA) to determine the specificity of antibodies to native human Types I, II, and III collagens and to their component α chains in sera and in joint fluids. Hemagglutination inhibition experiments showed that these antibodies were specific for each collagen and its component chain(s). Fractionation of the samples by Sephadex G-200 and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, as well as treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, indicated that the antibodies belong to both IgG and IgM classes.
Associations of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs with diabetes and pre-diabetes: Is the toxic equivalency approach useful? ☆

Abstract Toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds have been established by the World Health Organization. Toxic equivalency (TEQ) was derived using 6 chlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins, 9 chlorinated dibenzofurans and 8 polychlorinated biphenyls, in blood, from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Relationships of 8 individual chemicals, the number of compounds elevated, and TEQ with pre-diabetes and total diabetes (diagnosed and undiagnosed) were investigated using logistic regressions. For the 8 chemicals analyzed separately, values above the 75th percentile were considered elevated, whereas for the other 15 compounds, values above the maximum limit of detection were considered elevated. Pre-diabetes with glycohemoglobin (A1c) 5.9–6.4% was associated with PCB 126, PCB 118 and having one or more compounds elevated (odds ratio 2.47, 95% CI 1.51–4.06). Pre-diabetes with A1c 5.7–5.8% was not associated with any individual chemical or the number of compounds elevated. Total diabetes was associated with 6 of the 8 individual compounds tested, and was associated with having 4 or more compounds elevated. Toxic equivalency ≥81.58 TEQ fg/g was associated with total diabetes (odds ratio 3.08, 95% CI 1.20–7.90), but was not associated with A1c 5.9–6.4%. Having multiple compounds elevated appeared to be important for total diabetes, whereas for pre-diabetes with A1c 5.9–6.4%, having a single compound elevated appeared most important. Diabetes plus A1c ≥5.9% was associated with 34.16–81.57 TEQ fg/g (odds ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.06–3.77) and with ≥81.58 TEQ fg/g (odds ratio 2.48, 95% CI 1.21–5.11), indicating that half the population has elevated risk for this combination of conditions.
Is cardiac resynchronization therapy an antiarrhythmic therapy for atrial fibrillation? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on atrial fibrillation (AF) burden is poorly characterized. To assess the influence of CRT on AF, we performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE using the MeSH headings “cardiac resynchronization therapy” or “cardiac pacing, artificial” and “atrial fibrillation.” Selected studies were peer-reviewed and written in English. Most studies enrolled patients meeting traditional CRT criteria. Ten observational studies and two secondary analyses of clinical trials were identified. Although ten studies suggest that CRT favorably impacts AF, one secondary analysis of a clinical trial showed no effect of CRT on new-onset AF. In a meta-analysis of three studies examining the effect of CRT on persistent or permanent AF, the combined rate of conversion from persistent or permanent AF to sinus rhythm was 0.107 (95 % confidence interval 0.069-0.163). Prospective studies, particularly among patients not meeting traditional CRT criteria, are needed.
RTCA SC-228 & DAA standards development

• Develop Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) • Detect and Avoid (DAA) • Command and Control (C2) • Two-Phased MOPS Supporting Implementation via the ConOps