cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Content Placement and Service Scheduling in Femtocell Caching Networks

This work considers the joint problem of content placement and service scheduling in femtocell caching networks, to maximize the traffic volume served from the cache. The problem is modeled as a Markov decision process. We combine the Edmonds-Karp algorithm and the marginal allocation algorithm to develop an efficient centralized policy called Infinite CAche-filling (ICA), which can get arbitrarily close to optimal asymptotically as the estimation time window increases. We also design a randomized algorithm called Infinite CAche-filling with Probabilistic scheduling (ICAP) that takes into consideration the femtocells service capability due to interference or multiplexing techniques. We derive a lower bound on the expected discounted hit count of ICAP. We also derive an upper bound on the probability that the performance of ICAP degrades from this expected value. Numerical results show that ICAP scales well and converges relatively fast in response to request pattern changes.
Migraine and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a single-institution review.

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and migraine-associated dizziness are common. The prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo seems to be higher in patients with migraine-associated dizziness than in those without migraine. Methods: A database of 508 patients seen at the primary author's balance clinic was analysed to determine the prevalence of migraine, as defined by International Headache Society criteria, in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Results: The percentage of patients with dizziness or vertigo who met criteria for migraine was 33.7 per cent, with a prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of 42.3 per cent. When excluding patients with migrainous vertigo, patients with migraine frequently had benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (66.7 per cent vs 55.8 per cent), although this finding was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results for the entire sample suggest that, after excluding patients with migrainous vertigo, patients with migraine seem more likely to have benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; however, this association was not significant, probably because of the small sample size.
A review of railway vehicle performance and design criteria

This paper reviews the fundamental criteria which affect the performance and design of railway vehicles. Various problems associated with the dynamic behaviour of trains and vehicles are discussed with regard to the design of the suspension and structural systems. A brief description of track characterisation, used in evaluating a vehicle's behaviour, is also given.
Growth and survival of postsettlement sea urchins

Abstract Sea urchins have skeletons made of calcareous plates, and growth occurs by enlarging plates and adding new ones. Spines grow as do ossicles of Aristotle's lantern. Differences in chemical composition of ossicles correlate with growth. Ossicles have growth lines that have been used to estimate age, and various tagging methods have been developed to model growth. The methods used include physical tags, as well as chemicals that are incorporated into the skeleton and later detected to measure growth increments. A large number of growth models have been employed, including the Bertalanffy, logistic, Gompertz, Tanaka, Gaussian, logistic dose response, and inverse logistic models, and these are compared using the Akaike Information Criterion. A frequent problem with data is a lack of small and large individuals. Survival is modeled using a negative exponential and annual rates are determined using a combination of growth models and population size structure.
A Preliminary Assessment of Fossil Fuel and Terrigenous Influences to Rainwater Organic Matter in Summertime in the Northern Gulf of Mexico

We report here for the first time rainwater organic carbon (OC) concentration and composition collected from open waters over the Gulf of Mexico. Rainwater OC concentrations ranged from 3.7 to 17.3 mg L−1. The δ13C of these rainwater samples ranged from −26.7 to −24.2‰ pointing toward terrestrial and/or fossil fuel OC sources (64–100%) combined with marine OC sources. Colored dissolved OM absorbance and EEM fluorescence spectra were indicative of secondary organic aerosol from terrestrial sources as well as aromatic fossil fuel compounds. Air mass back trajectory analyses along with these results indicate that rainwater OC in the Gulf of Mexico may be influenced by oil and gas infrastructure and emissions from known lanes of shipping traffic within the Gulf. These results also suggest that anthropogenic and biogenic emissions from the southeastern continental USA impact rainwater OC in the Gulf of Mexico.
Role of Diet and Nutritional Supplements in Parkinson's Disease Progression.

Objectives. The goal of this study is to describe modifiable lifestyle variables associated with reduced rate of Parkinson’s disease (PD) progression. Methods. The patient-reported outcomes in PD (PRO-PD) were used as the primary outcome measure, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. In this cross-sectional analysis, regression analysis was performed on baseline data to identify the nutritional and pharmacological interventions associated with the rate of PD progression. All analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and years since diagnosis. Results. 1053 individuals with self-reported idiopathic PD were available for analysis. Foods associated with the reduced rate of PD progression included fresh vegetables, fresh fruit, nuts and seeds, nonfried fish, olive oil, wine, coconut oil, fresh herbs, and spices ( ). Foods associated with more rapid PD progression include canned fruits and vegetables, diet and nondiet soda, fried foods, beef, ice cream, yogurt, and cheese ( ). Nutritional supplements coenzyme Q10 and fish oil were associated with reduced PD progression ( and , resp.), and iron supplementation was associated with faster progression ( ). Discussion. These are the first data to provide evidence that targeted nutrition is associated with the rate of PD progression.
Climate Change Impacts on the Potential Distribution and Abundance of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) With Special Reference to North America and Europe.

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal; Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has recently emerged as a harmful pest of horticultural crops in North America and Europe. Native to East Asia, this highly polyphagous insect is spreading rapidly worldwide. Climate change will add further complications to managing this species in terms of both geographic distribution and population growth. This study used CLIMEX to compare potential H. halys distribution under recent and future climate models using one emission scenario (A2) with two different global circulation models, CSIRO Mk3.0 and MIROC-H. Simulated changes in seasonal phenology and voltinism were examined. Under the possible future climate scenarios, suitable range in Europe expands northward. In North America, the suitable H. halys range shifts northward into Canada and contracts from its southern temperature range limits in the United States due to increased heat stress. Prolonged periods of warm temperatures resulted in longer H. halys growing seasons. However, future climate scenarios indicated that rising summer temperatures decrease H. halys growth potential compared to recent climatic conditions, which in turn, may reduce mid-summer crop damage. Climate change may increase the number of H. halys generations produced annually, thereby enabling the invasive insect to become multivoltine in the northern latitudes of North America and Europe where it is currently reported to be univoltine. These results indicate prime horticultural production areas in Europe, the northeastern United States, and southeastern Canada are at greatest risk from H. halys under both current and possible future climates.
Decision-making Processes for a Do-not-resuscitate Poisoned Pediatric Patient Admitted to the Department of Emergency and Medical Services — A Case Study

A team of healthcare professionals in the Department of Emergency and Medical Services demonstrated decision-making processes for a poisoned pediatric patient with a Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. At the same time, clinical guidelines for poison resuscitations were critically applied. Lastly, the case examined and evaluated emergency care, management, treatment and diagnostic laboratory tests for pediatric poisoned patients. Ideas on pertinent literatures of decision-making models, clinical guidelines on poison resuscitation and DNR policies were already known by the majority. In addition, ideas on the benefits such as becoming enlightened on how to make sound judgments in an emergency situation, particularly addressing issues on how to prioritize patients waiting in the emergency departments were featured. Poison resuscitations were decided upon by using the descriptive, normative and prescriptive clinical decision-making models in a fast-paced environment. But the most important outcome however, was the recognition of client/relative satisfaction from hospital services — the demonstration of a sound decision-making that is legally, physiologically and financially in tandem with patient needs.
The No Child Left Behind Act, Scientific Research and Federal Educational Policy: A View from Washington, DC

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the concerns that were documented in press releases from the U.S. Department of Education. In 2001, the president of the United States, George W. Bush announced proposals for educational reform that he described as “the cornerstone of my administration.” Both the No Child Left Behind Act and the Education Sciences Reform Act were subsequently signed into law. The chapter reviews the implications of this historic legislation for educational research. Some of the philosophical assumptions that motivated the legislation includes: the beliefs that current levels of academic achievement are unacceptably low, low achievement threatens national economic competitiveness, almost all children can learn, and disparities in achievement across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups are offensive to the American ethos of equal opportunity and are impractical in the light of changing demographics. The four pillars of the No Child Left Behind Act are: accountability for results, tempered by flexibility and local control, increases in choices available to parents of students, and an emphasis on educational programs and practices. Although, researchers should feel encouraged that what they do is so strongly valued, there will no doubt be a tendency to defend past research, disciplinary turf, or the way things used to be. Administrators of the National Institute of Education, a previous incarnation of the Institute of Education Sciences, advocated some policies and created such noteworthy programs as “scholars in residence,” an excellent idea for attracting successful and highly qualified scientists to government service.
Reviewing Interstitial Cystitis Models and Treatments: A Focus on the Urothelium

Abstract Context: Interstitial cystitis is amultifactorial chronic and debilitating disease which is commonly associated with pain localized in the bladder region, increased urinary frequency, urgency and nocturia. Due to the high prevalence of pain in the population aﬀectedmore recently the condition is often referred to as interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Evidence Acquisition: Although IC presentswithmany diﬀerent symptoms, researchers have formulated three diﬀerent theories, which are notmutually exclusive, to explain IC pathology: the ﬁrst is related to the alteration of the proteoglycan and protein junc- tion composition, structure and presence in the urothelium. The second is an immune induced IC resulting from an increased number of activated mast cells in the bladder internal layers, such as detrusor muscle (DM), and mucosa/submucosa. The third type, which is closely related to the second one, is due to a sensory nerve sensitization as an eﬀect of neurotrophic factorsmolecule release. Results: Previous classiﬁcation has beenmirrored in the development of various in vitro and in vivo diseasemodels created tomimic IC, aswell as in the available therapies used to treat the condition to date. Conclusions: This reviewwill summarize themost recent advances in the ﬁeld, related to the diﬀerent causative factors contributing to the development of the condition, the in vivomodels used as well as the evidence they provide in advancing our knowledge and their limitations. The focus will be on works report- ing on IC in the domain related to alterations in proteoglycans and cellular junction, speciﬁcally their composition, structure and appearance in the urothelium, and also discuss present and future therapies. Conclusions: This reviewwill summarize themost recent advances in the ﬁeld, related to the diﬀerent causative factors contribut- ing to the development of the condition, the in vivomodels used as well as the evidence they provide in advancing our knowledge and their limitations. The focus will be on works reporting on IC in the domain related to alterations in proteoglycans and cellular junction, speciﬁcally their composition, structure and appearance in the urothelium, and also discuss present and future therapies.
How Many Ways of Thinking Literature across Continents

Taking as its prompt Ranjan Ghosh and J. Hillis Miller's Thinking Literature across Continents (Duke University Press, 2016), this article explores some aspects of the ethics of ‘sahitya’ / literat...
Statistical inference of peroxisome dynamics

The regulation of organelle abundance sustains critical biological processes, such as metabolism and energy production. Biochemical models mathematically express these temporal changes in terms of reactions, and their rates. The rate parameters are critical components of the models, and must be experimentally inferred. However, the existing methods for rate inference are limited, and not directly applicable to organelle dynamics.
Cadherin-Mediated Adhesion and Signaling During Vertebrate Central Synapse Formation

The events that encompass synaptogenesis—growth cone guidance, axonal and dendritic arborization, dendritic spine growth, even neurotransmitter release, and receptor dynamics—all are calcium-dependent processes. As calcium-dependent molecules, the members of the cadherin superfamily are particularly well suited to mediate shifting requirements for adhesion during these dynamic events. These molecules, which are thought to bind homophilically across synapses, couple to the actin-based cytoskeleton as well as synaptic vesicles, ion channels, and neurotransmitter receptors. Given these biochemical features, it is not surprising that manipulating cadherin functions compromises normal synapse maturation and plasticity alike. Although the contributions of individual family members to synaptogenesis appear to differ to varying degrees, their fundamental roles in calcium-dependent junctional maintenance are ontogenetically and phylogenetically conserved.
Infectious Dose Determination of Acute Salmonella Infection in Swine

Minimal infectious doses have been determined for intranasal and Salmonella contaminated environmental models of acute Salmonella infection. Trials 1 and 2 were conducted in which Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium were intranasally inoculated at levels of 1 X 101 , 1 X 103 , and 1 X 105 (trial 1) or 1 X 103 , 1 X 105 and 1 X 107 (trial 2) colony forming units (CFU) per animal (5 animals per principle group). Trials 3 and 4 were conducted in which S. Typhimurium were used to contaminate holding pens to levels of 1 X 101 , 1 X 103 , and 1 X 105 (trial 3) or 1 X 103 , 1 X 105 and 1 X 107 (trial 4) CFU per gram of feces (5 animals per principle group). Pigs were necropsied 3 hours following intranasal inoculation or introduction into a Salmonella contaminated environment. Blood, tonsil, mandibular lymph node, thymus, lung, liver, spleen, ileocecal lymph node, kidney, muscle, ileum, colon contents, and cecum contents were collected for Salmonella isolation and qualitatively recorded for the presence of Salmonella. These results indicate minimal levels in which Salmonella must be controlled during transportation and lairage in order to reduce acute Salmonella infection immediately prior to slaughter.
Insulin-Resistant Cardiomyopathy : Clinical Evidence, Mechanisms, and Treatment Options

Increasing evidence points to insulin resistance as a primary etiologic factor in the development of nonischemic heart failure (HF). The myocardium normally responds to injury by altering substrate metabolism to increase energy efficiency. Insulin resistance prevents this adaptive response and can lead to further injury by contributing to lipotoxicity, sympathetic up-regulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. Animal models have repeatedly demonstrated the existence of an insulin-resistant cardiomyopathy, one that is characterized by inefficient energy metabolism and is reversible by improving energy use. Clinical studies in humans strongly support the link between insulin resistance and nonischemic HF. Insulin resistance is highly prevalent in the nonischemic HF population, predates the development of HF, independently defines a worse prognosis, and predicts response to antiadrenergic therapy. Potential options for treatment include metabolic-modulating agents and antidiabetic drugs. This article reviews the basic science evidence, animal experiments, and human clinical data supporting the existence of an "insulin-resistant cardiomyopathy" and proposes specific potential therapeutic approaches.
Immunotherapy of human cancer.

The efficacy of the conventional modalities of cancer treatment—surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy—has been reasonably well defined. There is also sufficient experience to permit one to predict the nature of future improvements in efficacy for these conventional modalities. For surgery, it is likely that the limit of efficacy has been reached, and while surgery can effectively cure a proportion of patients with apparent local disease, it is clear that disseminated, microscopic tumor deposits are present in at least half the operable cases at the time of surgery, ultimately eventuating in metastatic disease. A limited but important additional role for surgery will be the debulking of metastatic disease in an attempt to reduce the tumor burden and thus to improve the efficacy of subsequent systemic treatment with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other possible approaches.
VEGF and PDGF Receptors: Biologic Relevance and Clinical Approaches to Inhibition

The dependence of tumor growth on the development of a neovasculature is well established. One of the best studied angiogenic factor is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF belongs to a family of homodimeric glycoproteins that bind to three different VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases in an overlapping pattern. VEGFRs share regulatory mechanisms with other well-characterized receptor tyrosine kinases, such as the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). These mechanisms include receptor dimerization and activation of tyrosine kinase, as well as creation of docking sites for signal transducers to direct cellular function including cell migration, survival, and proliferation. Tumor biology studies, drug development, and clinical studies have established VEGFR and PDGFR as validated drug targets. Well-interconnected preclinical and clinical efforts are necessary for the continued development of this exciting process. This chapter will review the biological role of VEGFR and PDGFR signal transduction and the interplay between the different receptors as it relates to kidney cancer.
The Voting Rights Act and Judicial Elections: A Horse of a Different Color or Canary in the Coal Mine?

Before the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, there were fewer than seventy-five black elected officials in the South. Over the next twenty years, the complexion of the executive and legislative branches of southern state governments changed dramatically. The Voting Rights Act did an impressive job of integrating most organs of southern government. But long after substantial numbers of black elected officials had begun to serve as state legislators, county commissioners, and school board members, state courts remained largely untouched by the voting rights revolution. Starting in 1985, black voters began to challenge judicial election schemes. They established that Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act covers judicial elections. Although the Voting Rights Act expressly eschews any right to proportional representation, in legislative cases courts often found substantial disparities between the percentage of minorities in the relevant jurisdiction and the share of offices held by minorities at least probative of dilution.
Response of a Coastal Plume Formed by Tidally Modulated Estuarine Outflow to Light Upwelling-Favorable Wind

AbstractThis study presents observations of a buoyant plume off Winyah Bay, South Carolina, which was formed under conditions of high freshwater discharge and upwelling-favorable wind forcing. Anal...
Timing of Prison Programs and the Odds of Returning to Prison

Despite the rapid growth in empirical research on the effectiveness of prison treatment programs for reducing postrelease criminality, much less attention has been paid to the importance of the tim...
Effect of Particle Arrangement on the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Composites

Alternative thermal management solutions for electronic devices are being widely explored due to the increasing power density that results from shrinking sizes and increasing power of modern electronics. Clearly, there is a need to spread the heat effectively in these systems, and polymer composites can potentially provide high thermal conductivity at low filler fraction while maintaining desirable mechanical properties for electronic packaging. The present study aims to investigate the effect of filler particle arrangements on the thermal conductivity of a polymer matrix. Although typical composites consist of particles randomly distributed in a polymer matrix, this work focuses on a 2D analog of these composites with well controlled filler configurations to directly observe the impact of filler arrangement and validate models for thermal conductivity. With these methods, we aim to improve the physical understanding of thermal transport in composite TIMs. Here, the composites are fabricated using laser cut acrylic templates to embed vertically aligned copper rods in a polymer and create different configurations, while maintaining a constant volume fraction. The arrangements of interest are a cubic grid, a hexagonal grid, and random placement. Heat conduction through the cross-section of the composites is directly observed with an infrared (IR) camera that enables 2D mapping of temperatures. The effective thermal conductivity of the composites is obtained using a simplified 1D reference-bar type technique. The experimentally obtained effective thermal conductivity is compared to COMSOL numerical simulations and effective medium models. Furthermore, the experimental and simulation results help provide an understanding of the thermal behavior of composite materials. Such polymer composites, with enhanced conductive properties, can be implemented in electronic packaging as an alternative to conventional heat dissipation methods (i. e. mechanical fans, heat sinks, fins).
Social network analysis in humanitarian logistics research

The purpose of this paper is to promote social network analysis (SNA) methodology within the humanitarian research community, surveying its current state of the art and demonstrating its utility in analyzing humanitarian operations.,A comprehensive survey of the related literature motivates a proposed agenda for interested researchers. Analysis of two humanitarian networks in Afghanistan demonstrates the use and utility of SNA, based on secondary data. In the second case study, the use of random graphs to detect network motifs is demonstrated using Monte Carlo simulation to create the benchmark null sets.,SNA is an adaptable and highly useful methodology in humanitarian research, quantifying patterns of community structure and collaboration among humanitarian organizations. Network motifs suggesting distinct affinity between particular agencies within humanitarian clusters are observed.,The authors summarize common challenges of using SNA in humanitarian research and discuss ways to alleviate them.,Practitioners can use SNA as readily as researchers, to visualize existing networks, identify areas of concern and better communicate observations.,By making SNA more accessible to a humanitarian research audience, the authors hope its ability to capture complex, dynamic relationships will advance understanding of effective humanitarian relief systems.,To the best of knowledge, it is the first study to conduct a systematic analysis of the application of SNA in empirical humanitarian research and outline a concrete SNA-based research agenda. This is also a currently rare instance of a humanitarian study using random graphs to assess observed SNA measures.
Office-Based Laboratory Indications and Interpretation

This chapter looks at what laboratory testing is, a very brief understanding of how to interpret the laboratory results, what common lab tests are ordered, what they are used for, and what they mean to an office-based practitioner. The laboratory tests covered in this chapter are the white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, international normalized ratio, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, culture and sensitivity, permanent stain, immunofluorescence, and the urine pregnancy test.
Cu-Catalyzed Silylation and Borylation of Vinylidene Cyclopropanes.

A Cu-catalyzed addition of silicon or boron nucleophiles to vinylidene cyclopropanes is reported. The reactions generated propargylic silane or boron products by forming a C–Si or C–B bond at the terminal carbon of the allene moiety of vinylidene cyclopropanes. The obtained silicon and boron reagents are versatile intermediates that can undergo a variety of transformations to give synthetically useful products. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated a copper enolate was involved in the reaction process.
Toxic chemicals in Samanta Schweblin’s "Distancia de rescate" ("Fever Dream")

espanolPublicada en 2014 con el titulo “Distancia de rescate” y luego en la traduccion al ingles como “Fever Dream” en 2017, la primera novela de Samanta Schweblin se une al largo y celebre inventario de obras literarias argentinas que se basan en formas innovadoras para cuestionar nuestra realidad. Ambientada en un pueblo a “cuatro horas y media” de la capital, “Distancia de rescate” presenta las historias de Amanda, Carla y sus familias, cuyas vidas cambian para siempre por el ambiente de pesadilla que las rodea, mientras enfrentan los efectos fisicos, emocionales y mentales de la exposicion a una sustancia omnipresente. En este articulo analizo “Distancia de rescate” en el contexto del cambio global en los ecosistemas impulsado por desechos toxicos y contaminantes persistentes, subproductos de practicas capitalistas industriales y agricolas. Desde esta perspectiva, la novela de Schweblin plantea algunas preguntas para reflexionar: ?Como un ambiente alterado por venenos quimicos afecta nuestra percepcion de la realidad? ?Que debemos hacer frente a estas amenazas invisibles pero omnipresentes? ?Como podemos hablar de conceptos como medicina, ciencia y supersticion? ?Que posibilidades ofrece la literatura para examinar los efectos de la propagacion de quimicos toxicos a escala global? Propongo algunas respuestas estableciendo un dialogo con trabajos previos que han examinado la presencia de sustancias quimicas toxicas en el medio ambiente desde una perspectiva historica, antropologica y de la critica literaria. EnglishPublished in 2014 under the Spanish title “Distancia de rescate” and then in English translation as “Fever Dream” in 2017, Samanta Schweblin’s first novel joins the long and celebrated inventory of Argentinean literary works that draw upon innovative forms to question our reality. Set in a small town “four and a half hours” away from the capital, “Fever Dream” presents the stories of Amanda, Carla, and their families, whose lives are forever changed by the nightmarish environment around them, as they deal with the physical, emotional, and mental effects of the exposure to an omnipresent substance. In this article, I analyze “Distancia de rescate (Fever Dream)” in the context of the global change in ecosystems driven by toxic waste and persistent pollutants as byproducts of industrial and agricultural capitalist practices. From this perspective, Schweblin’s novel poses some thought-provoking questions: How does an environment altered by chemical poisons affect our perception of reality? What are we to do in the face of such invisible but omnipresent menaces? How can we talk about concepts such as medicine, science, and superstition? What possibilities does literature offer to examine the effects of the spread of toxic chemicals at a global scale? I propose some answers by establishing a dialogue with previous works that have examined the presence of toxic chemicals in the environment from a historical, anthropological, and literary studies perspective.
A Smart Charging Strategy for Electric Vehicles to Increase their Hosting Capacity in Distribution Systems

This paper proposes a smart charging strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) to increase their hosting capacity in distribution systems (DSs). Although EVs can be charged at both home and public charging stations, large percentages of EVs are charged at home. Therefore, coordinated charging of EVs at home has the potential to increase their hosting capacity in DSs. The proposed smart charging strategy is developed based on hourly extra available power (HEAP) of DSs and probability distribution functions of daily travel distance, charging duration, departure time, and arrival time. These distribution functions are constructed using survey data collected from several technical reports. The HEAP is calculated by taking the difference between maximum hourly loading capacities and hourly loads at each node. The proposed strategy is demonstrated on the IEEE 123 node test feeder through several case studies. The AC power flow is performed using OpenDSS to calculate the maximum hourly loading capacities and to check network constraints. Monte Carlo simulations are used to calculate the hosting capacity. The results show that the hosting capacity of EVs in the IEEE 123 node test feeder using the proposed strategy is approximately 43.2% larger than that of uncontrolled charging.
A Modified CREATE Intervention Improves Student Cognitive and Affective Outcomes in an Upper-Division Genetics Course†

Many national reports have called for undergraduate biology education to incorporate research and analytical thinking into the curriculum. In response, interventions have been developed and tested. CREATE (Consider, Read, Elucidate the hypotheses, Analyze and interpret the data, and Think of the next Experiment) is an instructional strategy designed to engage students in learning core concepts and competencies through careful reading of primary literature in a scaffolded fashion. CREATE has been successfully implemented by many instructors across diverse institutional contexts and has been shown to help students develop in the affective, cognitive, and epistemological domains, consistent with broader meta-analyses demonstrating the effectiveness of active learning. Nonetheless, some studies on CREATE have reported discrepant results, raising important questions on effectiveness in relation to the fidelity and integrity of implementation. Here, we describe an upper-division genetics course that incorporates a modified version of CREATE. Similar to the original CREATE instructional strategy, our intervention's design was based on existing learning principles. Using existing concept inventories and validated survey instruments, we found that our modified CREATE intervention promotes higher affective and cognitive gains in students in contrast to three comparison groups. We also found that students tended to underpredict their learning and performance in the modified CREATE intervention, while students in some comparison groups had the opposite trend. Together, our results contribute to the expanding literature on how and why different implementations of the same active-learning strategy contribute to student outcomes.
Diversity, not Divisiveness, is the Future of Nuclear Medicine

TO THE EDITOR: I am writing with regard to the article “The Standard of Care: From Nuclear Radiology to Nuclear Medicine,” by Johannes Czernin, in the May 2020 edition of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine ( JNM ) ([1][1]). In this article, Dr. Czernin speaks to the rapidly evolving future of our
Stress in Families of Children with Disabilities

Background: The institution of family is considered essential for the existence of society. Family serves as a shock absorber in times of crisis and stress. Having a child with disability in a family is not the same as having a child without a disability. This study intends to portray the characteristics of families with children with mental retardation. The various forms of stress experienced by these families and their expectations, experiences and limitation are described during the course of the study. Materials and Method: Parents of Mentally Retarded children from 7 special schools for children with disabilities in the urban limits of Trichy District were chosen for the study. Family Interview for Stress and Coping in Disabilities (FISC-MR) was the tool used for the study. Results: Fathers reported more stress related to their child’s temperament and their relationship to their child. Mothers reported more stress from the personal consequences of parenting. Fathers were more sensitive to the effects of the family environment whereas mothers were more affected by their personal support networks. Conclusion: The delicate balance of family relationships can be strengthened or broken by the impact of stress felt by the parents of these special children.
Detecting Execution Anomalies As an Oracle for Autonomy Software Robustness

We propose a method for detecting execution anomalies in robotics and autonomy software. The algorithm uses system monitoring techniques to obtain profiles of executions. It uses a clustering algorithm to create clusters of those executions, representing nominal execution. A distance metric determines whether additional execution profiles belong to the existing clusters or should be considered anomalies. The method is suitable for identifying faults in robotics and autonomy systems. We evaluate the technique in simulation on two robotics systems, one of which is a real-world industrial system. We find that our technique works well to detect possibly unsafe behavior in autonomous systems.
Outcomes following single, caudally based bilateral versus unilateral frontonasal sinusotomy for treatment of equine paranasal sinus disease.

BACKGROUND Bilateral sinus disease is relatively uncommon in horses, accounting for 3%-4.5% of horses with sinonasal disease, but may require bilateral paranasal surgery for complete resolution. Complications and recurrence following bilateral sinusotomy have not been reported or compared to those following unilateral procedures. OBJECTIVE To describe clinical features and outcomes in horses undergoing standing single, caudally based bilateral frontonasal sinusotomy compared to unilateral frontonasal surgery. METHODS Records of horses (n = 37) undergoing surgical treatment for sinus disease (five bilateral, 32 unilateral) were retrospectively reviewed (2010-2017) for signalment, presenting complaint, duration of signs preoperatively, diagnostic imaging, treatments administered, duration hospitalization, complications, and owner satisfaction with the procedure. Mann-Whitney testing was used to compare age, duration of hospitalization, and follow-up time in horses undergoing unilateral or bilateral procedures. Fisher's exact testing was used to determine if sex predilection was present for unilateral or bilateral disease. Survival time and time to recurrence were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank curve comparison testing. Significance was assessed at p < 0.05. RESULTS Length of signs prior to admission did not differ between horses with unilateral and bilateral disease (p = 0.09), but there was a tendency for horses with bilateral disease to have clinical signs for longer. Age (p = 0.19) and hospitalization duration (p = 0.53) did not differ between horses undergoing unilateral versus bilateral procedures. Recurrence or failure to resolve signs was reported in 11/32 (34%) of unilateral and 0/5 bilateral cases (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS The bilateral single, caudally based sinusotomy approach may be considered to effectively treat bilateral paranasal sinus disease without concern for increased risk of life-threatening complications or longer hospitalization duration than would be typical for unilateral sinusotomy procedures.
The Right Agent for the Job

The visual design of virtual agents presents developers with a very large number of choices. We conducted a series of studies using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk that demonstrate that there are no design universals for characters, optimal design of character proportion and rendering style depends on the task domain and user characteristics. Specifically, we found these adjustments to an agent’s appearance directly effected how users rated it based on whether it was discussing social or medical content. The results of this research aim to help create visual guidelines for the development of domain specific virtual agents.
Plasma Metabolomics Reveal Longitudinal Changes in Branched-Chain Amino Acids and other Metabolites during Diabetes Progression in the UCD-Type-2-Diabetes Rat Model

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) causes dysregulation in many metabolic pathways; however, temporal progression of these disturbances has not been fully elucidated. Alterations of branched-chain amin...
African American Women's Spiritual Beliefs

Abstract Spirituality and religious beliefs and practices have been used as a coping resource for African American women, along with Afrocentric values and beliefs. Many of the spiritual beliefs interact with stereotypes and images that have evolved from the legacy of slavery, specifically, Mammy, Sapphire, and Jezebel. The internalization of these images may lead to identity issues and psychological symptoms. Culturally sensitive treatment of African American women includes an understanding of spirituality and the interaction with stereotypes and identity issues. Guidelines for treatment are included, as well as case examples. Special thanks is given to Bernice Jones for assistance in preparation of this manuscript.
Technological limitations of monolithic high-frequency oscillators in MOS and bipolar processes

The relationship between the maximum oscillation frequency and the process parameter f/sub T/ for two useful classes of VCOs ( ring oscillators and LC-tank oscillators) is developed. Results show that the oscillation frequency of a class of LC-tank oscillators can be substantially higher than f/sub T/ if high-Q inductors are used.
SOME ASPECTS OF METHANE OXIDATION.

Abstract Johnson, John L. (Montana State College, Bozeman) and Kenneth L. Temple. Some asspects of methane oxidation. J. Bacteriol. 84:456–458. 1962.—A culture of Pseudomonas methanica (Methanomonas methanica) was isolated from a film of growth on the water layer in a methane storage bottle. This organism differed from Dworkin and Foster's strain in pH optimum, requirement for growth factors, sensitivity to oxygen and optimal oxygen level, and minor cultural features. Highly significant interactions were found for the concentrations of oxygen, methane, and carbon dioxide in growth experiments.
Recent Developments and Open Problems in the Mathematical Theory of Viscoelasticity.

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on a class of one-dimensional model equations, whose structure is typical of problems arising in viscoelasticity. Under appropriate smoothness assumptions, it can be shown that such a scheme is well-defined and converges. This is accomplished by adapting a result because of P. E. Sobolevskii for equations without integral terms. At each step of the iteration, a linear parabolic equation with time-dependent coefficients is solved in the chapter. In P. E. Sobolevskii's approach, this equation is regarded as a perturbation of the problem with time-independent coefficients, evaluated at the initial time t = 0, and a convergent iteration based on the variation of constants formula can be formulated. The chapter presents a proof the mapping un→un+1 being a contraction in an appropriate Banach space.
Broken Heartland: The Rise of America's Rural Ghetto

Between 1940 and the mid 1980s, farm production expenses in America's Heartland tripled, capital purchases quadrupled, interest payments jumped tenfold, profits fell by 10 percent, the number of farmers decreased by two-thirds, and nearly every farming community lost population, businesses, and economic stability. Growth for these desperate communities has come to mean low-paying part-time jobs, expensive tax concessions, waste dumps, and industrial hog farming, all of which come with environmental and psychological price tags. In "Broken Heartland, " Osha Gray Davidson chronicles the decline of the Heartland and its transformation into a bitterly divided and isolated regional ghetto. Through interviews with more than two hundred farmers, social workers, government officials, and scholars, he puts a human face on the farm crisis of the 1980s.In this expanded edition Davidson emphasizes the tenacious power of far-right-wing groups; his chapter on these burgeoning rural organizations in the original edition of "Broken Heartland" was the first in-depth look six years before of the Oklahoma City bombing at the politics of hate they nurture. He also spotlights NAFTA, hog lots, sustainable agriculture, and the other battles and changes over the past six years in rural America."
Infant temperament and maternal anxiety and depressed mood in the early postpartum period

Although difficult infant temperament has been associated with maternal postpartum anxiety and depressed mood in later infancy, the emergence of this association in the early postpartum period has not been explored. In a survey study of 296 mothers of healthy term newborns during the first postpartum month, the relationship of infant temperament with maternal anxiety and depressed mood was explored. Maternal ratings of infant temperament were measured by the Early Infancy Temperament Questionnaire. Postpartum anxiety was measured by the State Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and depressed mood by the Beck Depression Inventory. The State Scale and Beck Depression Inventory correlated positively with ratings of infant activity, rhythmicity, approach, distractibility, and overall temperamental difficulty. In addition, the State Scale correlated positively with ratings of adaptability and intensity. In regression analyses, controlling for other factors, ratings of overall temperamental difficulty were independently associated with both State Scale and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Associations of difficult infant temperament with maternal postpartum anxiety and depressive symptoms emerge early in the postpartum period. These associations are independent of other known contributors to postpartum mood.
Distinctive activities of cognitive-behavioral therapy. A review of the comparative psychotherapy process literature.

Abstract The present review examined the comparative psychotherapy process literature in order to identify the distinctive activities of cognitive–behavioral (CB) treatment. Six techniques and interventions were found to distinguish CB from psychodynamic–interpersonal (PI) therapy: (1) use of homework and outside-of-session activities; (2) direction of session activity; (3) teaching of skills used by patients to cope with symptoms; (4) emphasis on patients' future experiences; (5) providing patients with information about their treatment, disorder, or symptoms; and (6) an intrapersonal/cognitive (C) focus. Identifying the distinctive features of CB therapy can improve the measurement of process–outcome correlations by more accurately specifying and operationalizing the treatment-specific processes of CB treatment, help researchers differentiate between common and treatment-specific factors, and aid in development of more psychometrically sound instruments assessing adherence and competence in CB therapy. In addition, this review can improve training of CB therapists by providing a guide for clinical practice.
Permeability of the Diaphragm and Fluid Resorption from the Peritoneal Cavity in the Rat

The ability to remove fluid from the peritoneal cavity is greatly impaired in rats after sealing the diaphragm (abrading such that fibrous tissue forms). The in vivo resorptive capacity of rats with sealed diaphragms was significantly reduced from 12.3 ± 1.77%·hr-1 in controls to 5.05 ± 2.53% · hr-1 in rats with sealed diaphragms. The in vitro permeability of isolated diaphragms for mannitol, inulin, and dextrans of mol wt 16,000 and 75,000 was 4.69 ± 0.74, 1.16 ± 0.22, 0.54 ± 0.11, and 0.22 ± 0.04 cm · sec-1. 10-6 for controls, and 0.54 ± 0.24, 0.19 ± 0.19, 0.09 ± 0.03, and 0.08 ± 0.02 cm · sec-1 · 10-6 for sealed diaphragms, respectively. The reduction in the permeability of the fibrosed diaphragm to larger molecules could account for the reduced resorptive capacity.
The seismology of sun-like stars

By observing the p-mode oscillation spectrum of a star and determining its first and second order frequency spacings, Δv and δ, it is possible to obtain constraints which are useful in modeling the star. We show, as an example, how the positions of the frequencies of the p-modes changes from the familiar “picket fence” or regular spacing to a more random irregular spacing as the sun evolves from the ZAMS to the base of the giant branch. For α Cen, e Eri, Procyon, Arcturus, and μ Cas we describe, in specific terms, how the frequency spacings can be used to improve our knowledge about each of these stars. We discuss the important advantages of observing the p-modes of stars in star clusters. We also discuss how rotational splittings could be used along with other stellar diagnostics to infer the rotational history of the star's interior.
The singular graph of lower triangular, nilpotent matrices

A partially ordered set (singular graph) is associated with a lower triangular, nilpotent matrix. Conditions are found which relate the structure of the singular graph to algebraic invariants of the matrix, such as the Weyr and Segre characteristic. The class of matrices with a given singular graph is also studied, and combinatoric conditions are found for the singular graph which determine the Weyr and Segre characteristic of matrices in the class.
Diagnosis and management of latex allergy in surgical patients

Latex or rubber products have long been known to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in the form of eczematous contact dermatitis? This is observed primarily in hospital workers, rubber workers, and others with repeated exposure to latex products. Chemicals used in the production of commercially available rubber have been determined to be the offending substances. Recently, immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions have been linked to latex and rubber products.“8 These immunoglobulin (Ig)Emediated reactions appear to be directed to a protein component of natural 1atex.l” The clinical manifestations can vary from mild urticaria to anaphylaxis.‘-5 Both types of allergic reactions can occur in patients exposed to latex-containing products such as rubber gloves, urinary and enema catheters, and intravenous tubing.4,5 In addition, patients that do develop immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions to latex usually