cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Complications of Coinfection with Babesia and Lyme Disease After Splenectomy

The patient is a 58-year-old man who had a trauma-related splenectomy 25 years ago. In August 2002 he presented to the office with several days of fluctuating fevers of 102° F or higher, rash, malaise, chills, and sweats. He spent a week at Cape Cod before a trip abroad to Brazil, from which he had just returned. His symptoms developed after the first week in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He recalled having no mosquito or other insect bites while in Brazil or Cape Cod. His temperature was 100.5° F and he had an eyrthema multiforme-like macular rash on his back and abdomen. An infectious disease specialist was consulted. Laboratory studies were notable for bandemia of 11%, mildly elevated liver injury tests, normal bilirubin, negative babesiosis, ehrlichia, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and typhus immunoglobulin IgG and IgM antibody titers, negative hepatitis A and hepatitis B titers, and a negative thick smear for intra-erythrocytic parasites. He was prescribed doxycycline but did not improve. Twelve days after presentation he noted myalgias with associated difficulty walking and was seen in the emergency department. Intraerythrocytic parasites were noted on a thick blood smear; malaria was diagnosed and the patient was prescribed oral chloroquine. One day later the diagnosis was changed to babesiosis and treatment was changed to oral clindamycin and quinine. Several days later the patient was hospitalized with dark-colored urine and Babesia parasitemia of 4%. He initially received intravenous quinine and clindamycin, but he did not respond and treatment was changed to atovaquone, azithromycin, and a 2-week course of doxycycline. He developed adult respiratory distress syndrome, presumably from a Babesia parasitemia now up to 16%; this necessitated an exchange transfusion. The myalgias and weakness worsened and primary demyelinating polyneuropathy was diagnosed on electromyography. A magnetic resonance image of the brain was normal but serum IgM and Western Blotting were positive for Lyme disease. Despite a 1-month course of ceftriaxone, neuropathic symptoms did not improve until he received a 5-day course of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). Five years later, the patient still has mild residual lower extremity sensory neuropathy but is otherwise well. He did not recall previously receiving vaccinations for encapsulated bacteria and was given meningitis, Haemophilus, and pneumococcal vaccines.
Hypoxia-Sensitive Epigenetic Regulation of an Antisense-Oriented lncRNA Controls WT1 Expression in Myeloid Leukemia Cells

WT1 is a transcription factor expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and in most cases of myeloid leukemia. We investigated the roles of hypoxia and epigenetics in the regulation of WT1 expression in myeloid leukemia cells. WT1 expression correlates with hypomethylation of the CpG island in Intron 1, and pharmacologic demethylation of this CpG island induces WT1 mRNA expression. Hypoxia causes decreases in DNMT expression and activity and increased expression and activity of TET2 and TET3, resulting in demethylation of this CpG island and expression of WT1 mRNA. Demethylation of the CpG island, either from pharmacologic treatment or induction of hypoxia, results in transcription of an antisense-oriented lncRNA, and inhibiting lncRNA expression with shRNA blocks WT1 mRNA expression. These results reveal a novel model of hypoxia-mediated epigenetic gene regulation. In addition, this is the first report that TET2 and TET3, increasingly recognized as important epigenetic regulators of gene expression in stem cells and in cancer cells, can be regulated by hypoxia, providing a solid mechanistic link between hypoxia and epigenetic regulation of gene expression with important implications for the role of hypoxia in stem cell function.
Fast Multivariate Spatio-temporal Analysis via Low Rank Tensor Learning

Accurate and efficient analysis of multivariate spatio-temporal data is critical in climatology, geology, and sociology applications. Existing models usually assume simple inter-dependence among variables, space, and time, and are computationally expensive. We propose a unified low rank tensor learning framework for multivariate spatio-temporal analysis, which can conveniently incorporate different properties in spatio-temporal data, such as spatial clustering and shared structure among variables. We demonstrate how the general framework can be applied to cokriging and forecasting tasks, and develop an efficient greedy algorithm to solve the resulting optimization problem with convergence guarantee. We conduct experiments on both synthetic datasets and real application datasets to demonstrate that our method is not only significantly faster than existing methods but also achieves lower estimation error.
The Geoarchaeology of Mudbricks in Architecture: A Methodological Study from Çatalhöyük, Turkey

This article provides a methodology for extracting social information through an analysis of mudbrick compositions, using a case study from Catalhoyuk, Turkey. Particle size analysis, loss on ignition, and magnetic susceptibility were used to examine variability in mudbrick recipe. The analysis revealed that neither magnetic susceptibility nor calcium carbonate were significantly altered through tempering. The results suggest that the greatest degree of compositional variability was a result of the manufacture process and not raw materials used in production. Mudbricks are products of deliberate human actions, similar to any other artifact assemblage, but have been long overlooked. Examining the technology involved with mudbrick manufacture highlights aspects of Neolithic social life through shared resources, production choices, and organization of labor. The analysis of mudbrick compositions considers how raw materials were used within and between groups of houses, represented in 1000 years of uninterrupted occupation at Catalhoyuk.
Dust Radiative Effects Over Global Oceans

Using one year of moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) and clouds and the Earth's radiant energy system (CERES) data, we provide a satellite-based assessment of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) cloud-free shortwave and longwave dust radiative effects over global oceans from the Terra satellite. Over global cloud-free oceans, the dust net radiative effect is -0.7 plusmn0.2 W middotm-2, and the TOA dust shortwave radiative effect (SWRE) dominates the longwave radiative effect (LWRE). Globally, the annual mean dust contribution to the total MODIS level 2 aerosol optical thickness (AOT, at 550 nm) is about 30% with a dust SWRE of -0.7 plusmn0.2 W middotm-2 and LWRE of 0.03 plusmn0.02 W middotm-2. Averaged over all seasons, the cloud-free diurnal mean dust radiative efficiency is -33 plusmn5 W middotm-2 middottau-1, and there is a remarkable linear relationship between the CERES SWRE and the MODIS AOT. This is the first satellite-based assessment of dust net radiative effect over the global oceans and will serve as a useful constraint for numerical modeling analysis.
Estimating freight flows for metropolitan highway networks using secondary data sources

In this paper, we suggest that it is possible to estimate most of a metropolitan area's highway network truck shipments from secondary data sources, using these sources to generate relatively inexpensive and updateable link-specific estimates.
Design techniques for an intelligent fuel injector IC

The authors describe some of the new design features which have enabled the latest fuel-injector driver integrated circuits to achieve improved robustness and reliability, together with better fault condition detection during open-circuit conditions in the on-state. They also discuss power limiting as an alternative to thermal shutdown as a protection mechanism for excessive power conditions such as observed when a lead is short-circuited. A die photograph of the 104018 intelligent fuel injector IC is presented. >
Production of organometallic polymers by the interfacial technique. V. Partial mechanistic study of the production of poly[alkyl(aryl)oxysilances]

A modified interfacial polymerization system capable of producing poly[alkyl(aryl)oxysilanes] consisting of a dichlorosilane in an organic solvent as octane and a diol in 2,5-hexanedione is presented. It is believed that polymerization occurs near the interface in the dione phase. The products are low to intermediate in molecular weight. As the nature of silane is varied, the rate of polymer formation varies, the silane with the most electron-deficient silicon giving the greatest rate. Molecular weight is constant as diol is changed but varies when the silane is changed so that the silane with the most bulky substitutes will give polymer with the lowest molecular weight. The results are consistant with a SN2 type reaction mechanism.
Attachment Theory and Research as a Guide to Psychotherapy Practice

This article evaluates relevant links between theory and research on attachment relationships; cognitive structures including schemas and internal working models; aspects of the client-therapist re...
Ruminant metabolic systems biology: reconstruction and integration of transcriptome dynamics underlying functional responses of tissues to nutrition and physiological state.

High-throughput ‘omics’ data analysis via bioinformatics is one key component of the systems biology approach. The systems approach is particularly well-suited for the study of the interactions between nutrition and physiological state with tissue metabolism and functions during key life stages of organisms such as the transition from pregnancy to lactation in mammals, ie, the peripartal period. In modern dairy cows with an unprecedented genetic potential for milk synthesis, the nature of the physiologic and metabolic adaptations during the peripartal period is multifaceted and involves key tissues such as liver, adipose, and mammary. In order to understand such adaptation, we have reviewed several works performed in our and other labs. In addition, we have used a novel bioinformatics approach, Dynamic Impact Approach (DIA), in combination with partly previously published data to help interpret longitudinal biological adaptations of bovine liver, adipose, and mammary tissue to lactation using transcriptomics datasets. Use of DIA with transcriptomic data from those tissues during normal physiological adaptations and in animals fed different levels of energy prepartum allowed visualization and integration of most-impacted metabolic pathways around the time of parturition. The DIA is a suitable tool for applying the integrative systems biology approach. The ultimate goal is to visualize the complexity of the systems at study and uncover key molecular players involved in the tissue’s adaptations to physiological state or nutrition.
Near-surface anisotropic structure characterization by Love wave inversion for assessing ground conditions in Urban Areas

In many geophysical applications, neglecting of anisotropy is somehow an oversimplification. The mismatch between prediction based on isotropic theory and near-surface seismic observations indicates the need for the inclusion of medium anisotropy. In this paper, surface wave (Love wave) dispersion properties are used to estimate the anisotropic structure of the near-surface layered earth, which is modeled as media possess vertical transverse isotropy (VTI), a reasonable assumption for near-surface sedimentary layers. Our approach utilizes multi-mode surface waves to estimate both the velocity structure and the anisotropy structure. This approach consists of three parts. First, the dispersion analysis is used to extract dispersion curves from real data. Second, the forward modeling is carried out based on the dispersion equation of Love wave in a multi-layered VTI medium. Dispersion curves of multi-modes, which are the numerical solutions of the dispersion equation, are obtained by a graphic-based method. Finally, the very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) algorithm is used to invert velocity structure and anisotropy structure simultaneously. Our approach is verified by the synthetic dispersion curve generated by a VTI medium model. The estimation of shear wave velocity and anisotropy structure of surface wave data acquired at Rentschler Field, an urban center site on sediments in the Connecticut River valley reveals a simple structure of the sediment layer over a bedrock half space. The results are verified by other inversion results based on different data set obtained on the same site. The consistency of inversion results shows the feasibility and efficiency of the approach.
Law, Sociology of

This article is a revision of the previous edition article by G. Rocher, volume 12, pp. 8544–8548, © 2001, Elsevier Ltd.
COMPETITIVE IRREVERSIBLE INHIBITION OF ENZYMES IN THE PRESENCE OF A SUBSTRATE: SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

Rapid irreversible inhibition of enzymes constitutes a difficult problem and demands sophisticated techniques to meet contemporary expectations of accuracy and precision. Modern computerized, analytical techniques now allow inhibition to be measured in the presence of a chromogenic substrate, the decomposition product of which can be followed by a conventional method and in a continuous mode. This article has been written to fulfill a need for guidelines to aid the designer of experiments for the irreversible inhibition of enzymes. Thus the scope and limitations of the continuous competitive method for the irreversible inhibition of enzymes is examined here. Examples of acetylcholinesterase inhibition by two diagonally different phosphonate inhibitors are used for illustrating accuracy and precision of the competitive irreversible inhibition technique at different levels of enzyme saturation with inhibitor and substrate.
Stand Together or Fall Apart: Professionals Working With Immigrant Families. Judith K. Bernhard

This book on immigration by a Canadian scholar is unique in various ways. First, Judith K. Bernhard, an educator, addresses Stand Together or Fall Apart: Professionals Working With Immigrant Famili...
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Associated with Impaired Exercise Capacity: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Because cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) aids in prognostic assessment of heart di...
Maternal Obesity and Risk of Infant Death Based on Florida Birth Records for 2004

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal obesity and risk of infant death. Methods In March 2004, maternal height and pre-pregnancy weight were added to the data collected on the Florida birth certificate. Using birth records linked to infant deaths, these data were used to assess the relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal obesity, as measured by body mass index, and infant death. Results Pre-pregnancy maternal obesity was associated with increased odds of infant death. The increased risk was found with and without adjustments for maternal race, marital status, age, education, trimester prenatal care began, first birth, and tobacco use. Conclusion There is a substantial and significant association between pre-pregnancy maternal obesity and infant death.
Glutamine Transporter Expression Profiling Reveal Major Role for ASCT2 and LAT1 in Primary and Metastatic Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

A concerted effort is underway to identify metabolic or physiological derangements in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that may offer targets for therapy. While past work from our lab has documented ASCT2 as the major glutamine transporter in human HCC cells, little is known regarding differences in the array of transporters that operate in primary and metastatic HCC. To address this issue, fourteen human HCC cell lines (7 epithelial and 7 mesenchymal) were evaluated for glutamine transporter expression via reverse-transcriptase – quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and functional glutamine uptake analyses. The transporters screened via RT-qPCR were: ASCT2 and LAT1, and six members of the SLC38 glutamine transporter family (System N and A transporters (SNATs)), including SNAT3 and SNAT5 – the dominant System N glutamine transporters in normal hepatocytes. All cell lines universally expressed ASCT2 and LAT1 as well as the SLC38 transporters SNAT2 and SNAT7. The System N transporters SNAT3 and SN...
Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a newly described disease process. Patients are generally young females who present with psychiatric symptoms and progress to have seizures, abnormal movements, and. autonomic instability. Diagnosis is made based on serum and cerebrospinal fluid results, However, a characteristic EEG pattern described as extreme delta brush has been associated with this disorder making it especially relevant to neurodiagnostic technologists in practice today. Our case presentations follow two patients through the course of their illness and recovery.
Towards an Existential Archeology of Capitalist Spirituality

Throughout his career, Michel Foucault sustained a trenchant critique of Jean-Paul Sartre, whom he accused of arguing that the subject “dispenses (all) significations”. In contrast to existentialism’s interests in subjective consciousness, Foucault pursues an archaeological method which he later develops into a genealogical approach to discourse that emphasizes the institutional practices and forms of knowledge/power that undergird historical epistemes. Taking contemporary networked Capitalism, the discourse of “workplace spirituality”, and the life history of one management reformer as its case studies, this paper turns to the cognitive linguistics of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson in an effort to historicize experiences of neoliberal “spirituality”, as an archaeology of knowledge might, while also attempting to account for intentionality and biography, as existential approaches would. Turning to work in contemporary critical theory, which associates strident anti-humanism in social theory with the rise of neoliberal discourse, I argue that sustained attention to the ways in which personal and social history always entail one another and are mutually arising makes not only for better phenomenology but makes for better critical scholarship as well.
Negotiation based on individualization: Incorporating personalization into federation

In virtual business place, organizations store information of its members. Federated access control systems such as Shibboleth, active directory federation service allow virtual organizations to share their member's information. Based on this information, members enjoy seamless access to federated resources. However in this federated world, a member's information is divulged by her home organization. The member has little say in it. We have presented an extension to this work where members can personalize their own attribute release policy. As opposed to simple request reply based communication, such personalization inherently necessitates a mechanism of negotiation. To facilitate such personalization, we have presented negotiation enabled framework in federation. In this paper, we provide an extension to this framework to facilitate selection of negotiation flavor on per-need-basis. This is supported by negotiation protocol which defines the ordering of the messages and unique message structure that carries negotiation information.
Newer concepts in antimicrobial therapy.

Antimicrobial agents continue to play a significant role in clinical practice not only due to their active role in the treatment of bacterially induced infections. The accompanying anti-inflammatory characteristics and their antagonism against superantigens add to their importance. The practitioner must also be aware of both overt and covert unwanted effects.
Impact of smoking reduced nicotine content cigarettes on sensitivity to cigarette price: further results from a multi-site clinical trial

Aims To assess the impact of a reduction in the nicotine content of cigarettes on estimated consumption of reduced nicotine cigarettes and usual brand cigarettes at a variety of hypothetical prices. Design Double-blind study with participants assigned randomly to receive cigarettes for 6 weeks that were either usual brand or an investigational cigarette with one of five nicotine contents. Setting Ten sites across the United States. Participants A total of 839 eligible adult smokers randomized from 2013 to 2014. Intervention and comparator Participants received their usual brand or an investigational cigarette with one of five nicotine contents: 15.8 (primary control), 5.2, 2.4, 1.3, or 0.4 mg/g. Measurements The Cigarette Purchase Task was completed at baseline and at the week 6 post-randomization visit. Findings Compared with normal nicotine content controls, the lowest nicotine content (0.4 mg/g) reduced the number of study cigarettes participants estimated they would smoke at a range of prices [mean reduction relative to 15.8 mg/g at a price of $4.00/pack: 9.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.81,12.19]. The lowest nicotine content also reduced the maximum amount of money allocated to study cigarettes and the price at which participants reported they would stop buying study cigarettes [median reduction relative to 15.8 mg/g, 95% CI = $8.21 (4.27,12.15) per day and $0.44 (0.17,0.71) per cigarette, respectively]. A reduction in nicotine content to the lowest level also reduced the maximum amount of money allocated to usual brand cigarettes (median reduction relative to 15.8 mg/g: $4.39 per day, 95% CI = 1.88,6.90). Conclusions In current smokers, a reduction in nicotine content may reduce cigarette consumption, reduce the reinforcement value of cigarettes and increase cessation if reduced nicotine content cigarettes were the only cigarette available for purchase.
What Factors Are Associated With Medicaid Patients’ Use of Health Centers?

Objective: To identify patient and neighborhood factors associated with health center (HC) use. Methods: A cross-sectional study of Medicaid fee-for-service claims in 2009 comparing HC users and no...
The Consequences of Chromosome Segregation Errors in Mitosis and Meiosis

Mistakes during cell division frequently generate changes in chromosome content, producing aneuploid or polyploid progeny cells. Polyploid cells may then undergo abnormal division to generate aneuploid cells. Chromosome segregation errors may also involve fragments of whole chromosomes. A major consequence of segregation defects is change in the relative dosage of products from genes located on the missegregated chromosomes. Abnormal expression of transcriptional regulators can also impact genes on the properly segregated chromosomes. The consequences of these perturbations in gene expression depend on the specific chromosomes affected and on the interplay of the aneuploid phenotype with the environment. Most often, these novel chromosome distributions are detrimental to the health and survival of the organism. However, in a changed environment, alterations in gene copy number may generate a more highly adapted phenotype. Chromosome segregation errors also have important implications in human health. They may promote drug resistance in pathogenic microorganisms. In cancer cells, they are a source for genetic and phenotypic variability that may select for populations with increased malignance and resistance to therapy. Lastly, chromosome segregation errors during gamete formation in meiosis are a primary cause of human birth defects and infertility. This review describes the consequences of mitotic and meiotic errors focusing on novel concepts and human health.
Superstition, Astrometry, and Suspension of Disbelief: An Explanatory Model of Risk-Seeking Tendencies—An Abstract

Many people espouse superstition, whether individually (e.g., wearing a lucky charm) or collectively (e.g., applying feng shui to the workplace) as a mechanism for garnering preferred life outcomes. Psychologists acknowledge the value of studying superstition at the personal level; yet our understanding of how superstitious beliefs influence risk-seeking tendencies is incomplete (e.g., Kramer and Block 2008). Drawing from prior research on superstition, astrometry, suspension of disbelief, and risk-seeking, this study applies the experiential consumption theory and ‘magical thinking’ literatures to test a model of risk-seeking tendencies. Because superstition is a joy-filled experiential consumptive practice for many consumers, it influences their behaviors meaningfully (Holbrook et al. 1986).
Enhanced Response Time of Electrowetting Lenses with Shaped Input Voltage Functions

Adaptive optical lenses based on the electrowetting principle are being rapidly implemented in many applications, such as microscopy, remote sensing, displays, and optical communication. To characterize the response of these electrowetting lenses, the dependence upon direct current (DC) driving voltage functions was investigated in a low-viscosity liquid system. Cylindrical lenses with inner diameters of 2.45 and 3.95 mm were used to characterize the dynamic behavior of the liquids under DC voltage electrowetting actuation. With the increase of the rise time of the input exponential driving voltage, the originally underdamped system response can be damped, enabling a smooth response from the lens. We experimentally determined the optimal rise times for the fastest response from the lenses. We have also performed numerical simulations of the lens actuation with input exponential driving voltage to understand the variation in the dynamics of the liquid–liquid interface with various input rise times. We furt...
Amino-terminal processing of Dictyostelium discoideum actin.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes two assays for studying the removal of the Acamino acid from the amino terminus of preactin, procedures for making the actin precursor, preparation of reagents necessary for the assay, and a procedure for partial purification of the processing enzyme from rat liver. Various approaches are presented for further investigation of this processing system. The method for producing [ 35 S]methionine-labeled Dictyostelium actin precursor by translating actin messenger RNA (mRNA) in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate is discussed. The methods described enables to study the nature of the unusual posttranslational modifications occurring at the NH 2 terminus of virtually all actins. It is likely this modification is important for actin function, as it essentially has been conserved throughout evolution. Understanding how this processing occurs may be extremely important in elucidating the manner in which actins combine with actin-binding proteins such as myosin and various actin accessory proteins, such as depactin, which have been shown to bind to actin at or near its amino terminus.
Non-invasive assessment of hepatic mitochondrial metabolism by positional isotopomer NMR tracer analysis (PINTA)

Hepatic mitochondria play a central role in the regulation of intermediary metabolism and maintenance of normoglycemia, and there is great interest in assessing rates of hepatic mitochondrial citrate synthase flux (VCS) and pyruvate carboxylase flux (VPC) in vivo. Here, we show that a positional isotopomer NMR tracer analysis (PINTA) method can be used to non-invasively assess rates of VCS and VPC fluxes using a combined NMR/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of plasma following infusion of [3-13C]lactate and glucose tracer. PINTA measures VCS and VPC fluxes over a wide range of physiological conditions with minimal pyruvate cycling and detects increased hepatic VCS following treatment with a liver-targeted mitochondrial uncoupler. Finally, validation studies in humans demonstrate that the VPC/VCS ratio measured by PINTA is similar to that determined by in vivo NMR spectroscopy. This method will provide investigators with a relatively simple tool to non-invasively examine the role of altered hepatic mitochondrial metabolism. Liver mitochondrial metabolism plays an important role for glucose and lipid homeostasis and its alterations contribute to metabolic disorders, including fatty liver and diabetes. Here Perry et al. develop a method for the measurement of hepatic fluxes by using lactate and glucose tracers in combination with NMR spectroscopy.
On the Relationship Between Self-Concept and Literacy Development in the Spanish Heritage Language Context

ABSTRACTResearchers have studied academic self-concept and its relationship to academic achievement extensively, but not in the Spanish heritage language context. Using measures of reading, writing, and spelling performance, I investigate the relation between self-concept and performance and whether self-concept can predict performance scores. I obtained measures of self-perceptions of abilities and attitudes from 281 students in 4 Spanish heritage language course levels. The results indicated that self-concept increased as course level increased. Self-perceptions related significantly to students’ performance in all subcompetencies except reading and were predictors of performance scores. Cluster analysis showed that students with the highest level of self-concept also had the highest reading, writing, and spelling scores and the most positive attitudes. This study demonstrates that self-concept plays a significant role in student literacy performance. Thus, practitioners should focus on helping students...
HCUG Clinical Information System

The Hopital Cantonal Universitaire de Geneve (HCUG) comprises a group of primary, secondary, and tertiary care facilities, employing 8000 staff members and totaling 2200 beds. There are 50,000 admissions and 450,000 outpatient visits each year (Figure 13.1). The main hospital information system in use is the Diogene system, built over a generation by the pioneering efforts of Professor Jean-Raoul Scherrer [Borst 1999, Scherrer 1997, 1998]. Developed in the 1970s in a mainframe environment, it migrated to a farm of Unix-based servers in the early 1990s. Another locally developed system, Philos, is used in smaller facilities. Since 1997, the government has funded a major effort for the integration of these hospital information systems, and for the development of an institution-wide clinical information system (CIS).
Biomechanical characterization of the periodontal ligament: Orthodontic tooth movement.

ABSTRACT Objective: To quantify the biomechanical properties of the bovine periodontal ligament (PDL) in postmortem sections and to apply these properties to study orthodontic tooth intrusion using finite element analysis (FEA). We hypothesized that PDL's property inherited heterogeneous (anatomical dependency) and nonlinear stress-strain behavior that could aid FEA to delineate force vectors with various rectangular archwires. Materials and Methods: A dynamic mechanical analyzer was used to quantify the stress-strain behavior of bovine PDL. Uniaxial tension tests using three force levels (0.5, 1, and 3 N) and samples from two anatomical locations (circumferential and longitudinal) were performed to calculate modulus. The Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic (MRH) model was applied to the experimental data and used in an FEA of orthodontic intrusion rebounded via a 0.45-mm step bend with three archwire configurations of two materials (stainless steel and TMA). Results: Force levels and anatomical location were stat...
Fertility: Political and Political–Economic Perspectives

This article traces the development of three of the most vigorous streams of multidisciplinary research on population at the twentieth century's end: the culture and political economy of fertility, the politics of reproduction, and Foucauldian perspectives on ‘population.’ It also examines the methodological, ethical, and political dilemmas faced by students of reproductive politics. The article cites the recent emergence of these new perspectives as evidence that the study of fertility is growing in theoretical sophistication and that human reproduction is assuming a more central place in social, cultural, and political theory.
Comparison of Advanced Distillation Control Techniques

This paper is concerned with the comparison of advanced distillation control techniques. The methods considered are PI controls, nonlinear Process Model Based Control and Artificial Neural Networks. Preliminary results are presented for setpoint changes and two cases of disturbance rejection for a C3 splitter. The detailed dynamic model of the C3 splitter was developed and qualitatively compared to industrial data.
The role of genomics in transfusion medicine.

Purpose of reviewTo summarize recent advances in red blood cell (RBC) blood group genotyping, with an emphasis on advances in the use of NGS next generation sequencing (NGS) to detect clinically relevant blood group gene variation.Recent findingsGenetic information is useful in predicting RBC blood
Mechanics of Gold Nanoparticle Superlattices at High Hydrostatic Pressures

Pressure-driven assembly of ligand-grafted gold nanoparticle superlattices is a promising approach for fabricating gold nanostructures, such as nanowires and nanosheets. Optimizing this fabrication...
Working Nursing Students Willing to Seek Psychological Services

Work-related psychological stress may result in reduced coping abilities. Working nursing students can develop work-related psychological stress. This study’s purpose was to describe first-year working rural nursing students with work-related psychological stress and their perception of stigma to psychological services and perceived willingness and openness to seek such services. Results showed over 55% of students reported work-related stress and a willingness to seek psychological services. Students in a licensed practical nursing program showed less stigma to seeking psychological services (F (2, 23) = 10.09, p = 0.001) as compared to higher degree seeking students in associate and bachelor nursing programs. Stigma appeared not to be a factor in rural nursing students seeking psychological services. In conclusion, working nursing students are willing to seek psychological services regardless of stigma.
Attack Surface Analysis of Permissioned Blockchain Platforms for Smart Cities

In this paper, we explore the attack surfaces in open source permissioned blockchain project Hyperledger Fabric that can be exploited and compromised through cryptographic tactics. Attacks such as insider threats, DNS attacks, private key attacks, and certificate authority (CA) attacks are proposed and discussed. Points in transaction flow where the proposed attacks are threats to the permissioned blockchain are specified and analyzed. Key management systems are discussed, and a deep analysis of Hierarchical Deterministic wallets is conducted. The Membership Service Provider (MSP) proves to be a centralizing aspect of an otherwise decentralized system and proves to be a weakness of the permissioned blockchain network.
HOSPITALIZATION FOR HEART FAILURE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS

Obese patients with heart failure have a more favorable outcome than their normal weight counterparts. However, the safety of bariatric surgery in obese patients with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction has been questioned. We utilized data from The National Inpatient Sample
Rectus sheath catheters-a novel approach to perioperative analgesia for colorectal surgery in an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol: a case series.

Opioids have played a critical role in the management of perioperative pain following abdominal surgery. Increasing attention is being paid to the deleterious side effects and limitations of this practice. This case report offers a novel alternative to opioid-based analgesia in the form of rectus sheath catheters (RSCs) which we employed as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Three patients underwent laparoscopic- assisted colorectal surgery and were treated intra- and postoperatively with local anesthesia administered via bilateral rectus sheath catheters as well as by multimodal adjuncts. Evaluations of the patients’ pain scores, opioid usage, and abdominal sensitivity to sharp stimuli were conducted daily. The patients demonstrated a substantially lessened opioid requirement over their hospital stay with two of them requiring no opioid analgesic medications postoperatively. We suggest that the incorporation of these catheters into an ERAS protocol can play an important role in further reducing perioperative opioid usage for procedures in which pain control can be especially challenging.
Pelvic muscle size and myosteatosis: Relationship with age, gender, and obesity.

Purpose: To evaluate interreader performance in the measurement of the cross-sectional area and myosteatosis of pelvic skeletal muscles using fat quantification magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and correlate with patient anthropomorphic characteristics. Materials and Methods: A Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act–compliant retrospective cross-sectional study was performed. Between January and April 2016, 61 patients (26 males and 35 females) underwent a lumbosacral plexus 3T MRI with a modified three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo sequence dedicated to fat quantification (mDixon Quant; Philips Healthcare). Two independent reviewers outlined muscle cross-sectional area on axial images using a freehand region of interest tool and documented proton-density fat fraction (FF) and muscle area (cm2) of the psoas, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and rectus femoris muscles on each side. Interreader agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and correlation between the measurements and subject's age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Excellent interreader agreement was obtained (ICC ≥0.74) for all muscle groups except for the left gluteus medius area and right psoas FF which showed good agreement (0.65 and 0.61, respectively). Statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) positive correlation was seen between the gluteal muscle FF and area with BMI, and rectus muscle FF with age and BMI. Statistically significant negative correlation between the rectus femoris area and age was also observed. Conclusion: Fat quantification MRI is a highly reproducible imaging technique for the assessment of myosteatosis and muscle size. Intramuscular FF and cross-sectional area were correlated with age and BMI across multiple muscle groups.
Antitumor T-cell Homeostatic Activation Is Uncoupled from Homeostatic Inhibition by Checkpoint Blockade

T-cell transfer into lymphodepleted recipients induces homeostatic activation and potentiates antitumor efficacy. In contrast to canonical T-cell receptor-induced activation, homeostatic activation yields a distinct phenotype and memory state whose regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show in patients and murine models that, following transfer into lymphodepleted bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients, CD8+ T cells undergo activation but also simultaneous homeostatic inhibition manifested by upregulation of immune-checkpoint molecules and functional suppression. T cells transferred into BMT recipients were protected from homeostatic inhibition by PD-1/CTLA4 dual checkpoint blockade (dCB). This combination of dCB and BMT-"immunotransplant"-increased T-cell homeostatic activation and antitumor T-cell responses by an order of magnitude. Like homeostatic activation, homeostatic inhibition is IL7/IL15-dependent, revealing mechanistic coupling of these two processes. Marked similarity in ex vivo modulation of post-BMT T cells in mice and patients is promising for the clinical translation of immunotransplant (NCT03305445) and for addressing homeostatic inhibition in T-cell therapies. SIGNIFICANCE: For optimal anticancer effect, T-cell therapies including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte, and transgenic T-cell therapies require transfer into lymphodepleted recipients and homeostatic activation; however, concomitant homeostatic inhibition mitigates T-cell therapies' efficacy. Checkpoint blockade uncouples homeostatic inhibition from activation, amplifying T-cell responses. Conversely, tumors nonresponsive to checkpoint blockade or BMT are treatable with immunotransplant.See related commentary by Ansell, p. 1487.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1469.
Extended Abstract: Making Design Thinking Genre Knowledge: Embodiment, Typification, and Engineering Design

Due to the designerly nature of technical and professional communication (TPC), theoretical and methodological efforts to accentuate the link between TPC and design thinking need to consider what the two domains of practice might share. One approach to meet this need is to view the teaching of the design process in light of the rhetorical approach to genre as social action. Drawing from rhetorical genre theory, the authors articulate the design process as a kind of embodied genre composed of bodily actions and orientations to tools, texts, and environments. Using observational fieldnotes from an engineering design course, the authors report how a repertoire of embodied routines is demonstrated for students as a genre and later employed in their design work. The study uses rhetorical genre theory as a way of conceiving design thinking for TPC classroom’s and beyond.
Translating the Libraries: A Multilingual Information Page for International Students

The Project: The goal of the project was to provide library information in students’ native languages to ease the transition to the American library system. The use of international students as translators guaranteed accurate translations and provided employment opportunities within the international community. The two translators met with the project directors for a series of library orientation sessions prior to the translation phase of the project. The final translations were reviewed for clarity and accuracy by a faculty contact in each of the target languages. These contacts will serve as ongoing consultants for updates of the translated pages.
Rethinking retirement: ambition in term-limited legislatures

Political careerism has long focused on the idea of progressive ambition, rarely using retirements as a measure. The end of a legislator's career can reveal how term limits have changed the institu...
Lack of Association of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection With Autoimmune Disease.

Abstract Background Case reports and referral-based studies suggest spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is associated with autoimmune diseases and causes 2% to 4% of acute coronary syndromes. Objectives This study determined the association of SCAD with autoimmune diseases, together with incidence and recurrence, in a population-based study. Methods This case–control study took place from 1995 to 2018 within the Rochester Epidemiology Project. The study identified cases with SCAD from diagnosis codes and verified them using coronary angiography images, matching each case to 3 control subjects on age, sex, county, and years of medical history. Autoimmune disease history came from a validated, code-based definition. A multivariable logistic regression model calculated the odds ratio (OR) for SCAD among patients with a history of autoimmune disease, adjusting for race and body mass index. Results The study identified 114 cases with SCAD (mean age 51 years and 90% women) and 342 matched control subjects. Autoimmune disease occurred in 13 (11%) cases with SCAD and 40 (12%) control subjects (p = 0.93). Even after adjustment, autoimmune diseases were not associated with SCAD (OR: 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40 to 1.66). SCAD incidence between 2010 and 2018 (2.7 per 100,000; 95% CI: 1.7 to 3.7) was 10-fold higher than the incidence between 1995 and 2009 (0.3 per 100,000; 95% CI: 0.0 to 0.6). SCAD recurrence was 10% (95% CI: 3% to 16%) at 5 years. Conclusions These findings suggested SCAD pathogenesis is noninflammatory and screening for autoimmune diseases based on SCAD alone is not warranted. The code-based incidence of SCAD has increased over time, highlighting the importance of considering SCAD among patients with acute coronary syndromes.
Pelvic osteotomies for acetabular dysplasia: Are there outcomes, survivorship and complication differences between different osteotomy techniques?

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO), and eccentric rotational acetabular osteotomy (ERAO) for treating hip dysplasia by comparing complication rates, survivorship, and functional outcomes after treatment. A systematic review in the MEDLINE and CINAHL databases was performed, and studies reporting outcomes after pelvic osteotomy for hip dysplasia with a minimum of 1-year follow-up or reported postoperative complications was included. Patient demographics, radiographic measurements, patient reported outcomes including the modified Harris hip score (mHHS), complications using the modified Clavien-Dindo classification, and reoperations were extracted from each study. A meta-analysis of outcome scores, complications, change in acetabular coverage, and revision rates for the 3 pelvic osteotomies was performed. A total of 47 articles detailing outcomes of 6,107 patients undergoing pelvic osteotomies were included in the final analysis. When stratified by procedure, RAO had a statistically greater change in LCEA when compared to PAO (33.9° vs 18.0°; P 0.05). Lastly, patients undergoing PAO had a statistically greater complication rate than those undergoing ERAO and RAO (P <0.001 for both), while revision rate was not statistically different between the 3 techniques. In summary, there are many more publications on PAO surgery with a wide range of reported complications. Complications after ERAO and RAO surgery are lower than PAO surgery in the literature, but it is unclear whether this represents an actual difference or a reporting bias. Lastly, there are no significant differences between revisions, or postoperative reported outcomes between the 3 techniques.
A within-subjects test of ego depletion and potential moderators.

Ego depletion, the finding that initial exertion of self-control hinders performance on subsequent self-control tasks, has become a controversial topic. There have been discrepant results from empirical studies and different conclusions drawn from meta-analyses and multilab studies. We examined ego depletion and three potential moderators in a preregistered experiment using a within-subjects design in order to overcome limitations of the standard between-subjects design. In two sessions separated by 1 week, participants (N = 214) completed an ego depletion or control version of a Stroop task. Each Stroop task was followed by manipulation check questions and an antisaccade task. Participants also completed measures of lay theory of willpower, trait self-control, and action orientation. There was no significant evidence for ego depletion, and Bayes factors strongly favored the null hypotheses that there was no difference in antisaccade performance (accuracy or response time) after ego depletion and control Stroop tasks. Additionally, lay theory willpower, trait self-control, and action orientation were not significantly related to ego depletion effects. Exploratory between-subjects comparisons that omitted participants who responded at lower than chance accuracy levels, however, found significant ego depletion effects. These results provide further evidence that ego depletion effects are elusive.