cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Associations between pain, objective sleep efficiency and cognition in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

Abstract Introduction Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) frequently experience sleep disruption. Prior work shows associations between objective (actigraphic) sleep and cognition in these patients, but whether pain affects associations between measures of sleep fragmentation (eg, sleep efficiency, SE) and cognition is unknown. The present study examined independent and interactive associations between objective SE and pain on cognitive performance in patients with ICDs. Methods A total of 37 patients with ICDs (Mage = 60.0, SD = 12.4) and self-reported sleep disturbance completed 14 days of actigraphy. Average SE was computed [(average total sleep time/average time in bed) × 100%]. Patients completed the Short Form 36 Health Survey pain section, and computerized tasks measuring executive functioning (letter series, N-Back task), sustained attention/processing speed (symbol digit modalities test, SDMT), and simple reaction time. Multiple linear regressions examined whether SE independently predicted or interacted with pain ratings to predict cognitive performance. Results SE interacted with pain to predict SDMT performance, accounting for 12% unique variance. In patients reporting worse pain, higher SE was associated with better SDMT performance. Similar patterns of association on SDMT were not observed in patients with average or low pain. SE and pain ratings did not independently predict SDMT performance. Performance on other cognitive tasks was not associated with any predictors. Conclusion Better sleep efficiency may play an important role in improving sustained attention/processing speed in patients with ICDs and perceived severe pain. Future research should examine whether interventions aimed at improving sleep fragmentation provide benefit to lower order cognition, particularly in patients with worse pain.
Drug-Induced Colitis

Drug-induced colitis encompasses a wide spectrum of colon disorders that can manifest microscopically or macroscopically. Patients present with new-onset colitis or exacerbations of inflammatory bowel diseases; in some cases, colitis resolves with discontinuation of medication. Mucosal injury can be focal or extensive, involving the entire colonic mucosa, and sometimes involves other parts of the gastrointestinal tract. It has been a challenge to determine the proportion of new-onset colitis caused by medication and there are few data on the overall prevalence. We review the drugs that have been linked with development of drug-induced colitis and strategies for physicians who believe their patients have this disorder—usually discontinuation of the drug believed to cause colitis and treatment with steroids or immune-modulating therapies. Physicians must be aware of medications that can cause colitis.
Mathematical Appendices to: 'Stop-Outs Under Serial Correlation'

Proofs to the propositions in "Stop-Outs Under Serial Correlation".The paper "Stop-Outs Under Serial Correlation and 'The Triple Penance Rule" to which these Appendices apply is available at the following URL: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2201302
Crosscurrents: law, economy, and Islam in the Indian Ocean

Four recently published monographs expertly draw on careful and subtle readings of hitherto neglected sources to theorize the interplay and imbrications between legal structures and political econo...
State policy change and organizational response: Expansion of nurse practitioner scope of practice regulations in New York State.

Abstract Background In January of 2015, New York (NY) implemented a new policy, Nurse Practitioners Modernization Act, which removed the required written practice agreement between physicians and experienced nurse practitioners (NPs). Purpose We examined NP work environment in NY before (2012) and after (2018) the implementation of the new policy. Methods Cross-sectional survey data on work environments were collected from NPs in NY in 2012 and 2018. Work environment was measured with the Nurse Practitioner Primary Care Organizational Climate Questionnaire. In 2012, 278 and in 2018, 348 NPs completed the tool. Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the study year and work environment. Findings Controlling for individual and organizational characteristics, NPs reported significantly better work environments in 2018. Positive changes were observed both for experienced and less experienced NPs. Discussion Removing state-level policy restrictions on NPs may promote a better work environment within health care organizations.
The Implementation and Potential Effects of Teacher Evaluation under Local Control.

Under the Every Student Succeeds Act, states and local school districts have more flexibility to design and implement teacher evaluation systems; however, very few studies have empirically examined...
Domain Decomposition-Based Discontinuous Galerkin Time-Domain Method With Weighted Laguerre Polynomials

To further improve the computational efficiency of the existing wave equation-based discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method for modeling electrically small structures, the weighted Laguerre polynomials are incorporated to span the fields in the temporal domain, which finally results in a set of recursive linear equations related to the Laguerre polynomials to be solved. Compared with conventional time integration methods, the proposed approach requires much fewer iterations and thus shows considerable improvement in terms of computational efficiency. With respect to the first-order Maxwell’s curl equation-based DGTD method with weighted Laguerre polynomials, the proposed method reduces the unknowns by more than a half and gives a lighter linear system for solution. In addition, block iterative solvers and the block lower-diagonal-upper (LDU) direct solver can be applied to facilitating the solution at the subdomain level. Three numerical examples are included to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. With the weighted Laguerre polynomials, the wave equation-based DGTD method is expected to be more efficient for electrically small structure modeling.
Family Obligation, Parenting, and Adolescent Outcomes Among Mexican American Families:

The current study investigates how and under what conditions family obligation benefits Mexican American adolescents’ adjustment. The study used two waves of data from 604 Mexican American adolesce...
Compiler Construction Using Scheme

This paper describes a course in compiler design that focuses on the Scheme implementation of a Scheme compiler that generates native assembly code for a real architecture. The course is suitable for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students. It is intended both to provide a general knowledge about compiler design and implementation and to serve as a springboard to more advanced courses. Although this paper concentrates on the implementation of a compiler, an outline for an advanced topics course that builds upon the compiler is also presented.
DISSOCIATED HORIZONTAL DEVIATION: CLINICAL SPECTRUM, PATHOGENESIS, EVOLUTIONARY UNDERPINNINGS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND POTENTIAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFANTILE ESOTROPIA (AN AMERICAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY THESIS)

Purpose To elucidate the pathophysiology of dissociated horizontal deviation. Methods The reversed fixation test was performed prospectively in 28 patients who developed consecutive exotropia following horizontal extraocular muscle surgery for infantile esotropia. All patients were assessed for the presence of adduction weakness, latent nystagmus, dissociated vertical divergence, and neurologic disease. Results A positive reversed fixation test, indicating the presence of dissociated horizontal deviation, was found in 14 of 28 patients (50%) with consecutive exotropia. In patients with dissociated horizontal deviation, the exodeviation was usually smaller with the nonpreferred eye fixating than with the preferred eye fixating, and smaller with the preferred eye fixating than during periods of visual inattention or under general anesthesia. Dissociated horizontal deviation correlated with the findings of dissociated vertical divergence, but not with asymmetric adduction weakness, latent nystagmus, or neurologic disease. Conclusions Using reversed fixation testing, dissociated horizontal deviation can be detected in 50% of patients who develop consecutive exotropia following surgery for infantile esotropia. In this setting, monocular fixation with either eye superimposes a dissociated esotonus upon a baseline exodeviation. Fixation with the nonpreferred eye usually exerts greater esotonus than fixation with the preferred eye, producing an asymmetrical exodeviation during prism and alternate cover testing. Depending on the baseline anatomical position of the eyes, this dissociated esotonus can manifest as an intermittent exodeviation or an intermittent esodeviation. This unrecognized form of ocular motor dissociation may contribute to the pathogenesis of infantile esotropia.
Major Harvey Cushing's difficulties with the British and American armies during World War I

This historical review explores Harvey Cushing's difficulties with both the British and American armies during his World War I service to definitively examine the rumor of his possible court martial. It also provides a further understanding of Cushing the man. While in France during World War I, Cushing was initially assigned to British hospital units. This service began in May 1917 and ended abruptly in May 1918 when the British cashiered him for repeated censorship violations. Returning to American command, he feared court martial. The army file on this matter (retrieved from the United States National Archives) indicates that US Army authorities recommended that Cushing be reprimanded and returned to the US for his violations. The army carried out neither recommendation, and no evidence exists that a court martial was considered. Cushing's army career and possible future academic life were protected by the actions of his surgical peers and Merritte Ireland, Chief Surgeon of the US Army in France. After...
Comparison of ocean surface wind products in the perspective of ocean modeling of the Nordic Seas

High-resolution ocean surface wind velocity data derived from satellite observations are used to analyze winds in the Nordic Seas. For the analysis, a Cross-Calibrated, Multi-Platform (CCMP), multi-instrument ocean surface wind velocity data set is utilized. The ocean surface wind fields are compared with those derived from the National Centers for Environmental Protection/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis. The NCEP/NCAR fields are commonly used to provide atmospheric forcing for Arctic Ocean models. Wind fields with higher spatial and temporal resolution are demonstrated to resolve small-scale, short-lived atmospheric systems that are not represented in the NCEP reanalysis fields. The utility of using high-resolution winds in the ocean modeling is discussed. In particular, air-sea heat fluxes estimated from the two wind data sets are compared.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of beta-migrating very-low-density lipoprotein: Lipid research clinics program prevalence study ☆

The prevalence and clinical associations of beta-migrating very-low-density lipoprotein (beta-very-low-density lipoprotein), an atherogenic lipoprotein associated with type III hyperlipidemia, were compared in men and women using and not using estrogen-containing hormones. Beta-very-low-density lipoprotein was more common in men, 0.54 percent or one in 185, than in women not taking hormones, 0.30 percent or one in 333, and was least common in women taking hormones, 0.04 percent or one in 2,500. Beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-positive men and women were heavier and had higher triglyceride, cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared with beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-negative subjects, but 30 percent of the men and 21 percent of the nonuser women did not have elevated triglyceride or cholesterol levels. The very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total triglyceride ratio exceeded 0.30 in 55 percent and 54 percent of beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-positive men and women compared with 3.3 percent and 3.9 percent of beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-negative men and women. Ninety-three percent of the beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-positive subjects had some lipoprotein lipid abnormality and 60 percent had an abnormal glucose, liver, or renal function test result or high alcohol or dietary cholesterol intake. In conclusion, beta-migrating very-low-density lipoprotein is more common in men than in women, consistent with a protective effect of estrogen. About half of the time, beta-very-low-density lipoprotein is associated with an elevated very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/total triglyceride ratio, indicating that beta-very-low-density lipoprotein can be present independent of other markers of type III hyperlipidemia. Nonetheless, beta-very-low-density lipoprotein signifies abnormal lipoprotein metabolism of some kind in almost every instance, is frequently associated with treatable medical conditions, and may on pathophysiologic grounds be considered important in its own right in predicting atherosclerosis risk. Beta-very-low-density lipoprotein-associated conditions should attract medical attention.
Combined routing and scheduling of concurrent communication traffic in hypercube multicomputers

We propose and evaluate low-complexity, low-overhead schemes for distributed message scheduling and routing in binary hypercube multicomputers equipped with a hardware communication adapter at each node. The goal is to optimize the network performance not only for steady traffic flow, but also for concurrent bursty traffic. We comparatively evaluate the performance of different scheduling-coding combinations for several switching methods, such as message switching, circuit switching and virtual cut-through. The evaluation results have indicated that in case of heavy transient traffic, a partially-adaptive routing scheme, when combined with an appropriate message-scheduling policy, can outperform a fully-adaptive routing scheme.
Teacher-Child Relationships and Children's Success in the First Years of School.

This work examines associations between closeness and conflict in teacher-child relationships and children's social and academic skills in first grade in a sample of 490 children. Assessments of te...
Sodium flow blockage in liquid-metal fast breeder reactors: sweepout of a planar blockage

The method-of-Ergun fluidization theory is applied to a postulated porous blockage in the core of a liquid-metal fast breeder reactor (LMFBR). By the parallel flow channeling through the subassemblies of the reactor, a definite pressure gradient is imposed across each subassembly. This pressure gradient is found to be sufficient to fluidize (and entrain particles from) any postulated loose-particle-formed blockage. A parametric study that considers a range of reactor materials and sodium coolant temperatures demonstrates that a radially large planar blockage cannot be reasonably postulated to exist in an LMFBR. Further, any radially large particulate blockage would be subjected to fluidization and ultimate destruction by entrainment and turbulent flow forces. Thus, flow starvation via a slowly growing blockage can be dismissed as an incredible event.
Some Interference Effects Between Two Flat Surfaces Planing Parallel to Each Other at High Speed

temperature. In line with current work on the laminar boundary layer, the theory also has been extended to allow arbitrary variation of specific heat, thermal conductivity, and Prandtl Number, and the use of imperfect gas relations. These changes cause no basic complications in the work, requiring only the use of stagnation enthalpy in place of stagnation temperature and certain addi­ tional terms of the type employed for the arbitrary viscosity law. A report is in preparation which uses stagnation conditions for the basic thermal variable and includes the variable properties listed above. In reference 1, values of gi(0) and ^(0) had been obtained as eigenvalues of the equations representing the initial conditions for finite leading-edge velocity and a stagnation point, respec­ tively. It is now clear that the equation for the stagnation point does not possess a singularity as Tw* —* 1 and u0 —• 0 (as stated in reference 1) since u0 at x = 0 is always identically zero. There­ fore no special conditions need be imposed upon g2(0), and it assumes the constant value of —1/60 for a sixth-order poly­ nomial.
Effect of IVIG administration on complement activation and HLA antibody levels

The objective of the present study was to determine if there are changes on complement (C) activation and concentration of HLA antibodies (Abs) in patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). The patients evaluated were given IVIG as treatment of Ab-mediated rejection or desensitization. The patients' sera obtained before and after IVIG administration were tested for their effects on the deposition of both IgG (HLA Abs) and C3b (C activation) as measured by flow cytometry on T cells. IVIG consistently inhibited C activation when measured shortly after IVIG infusion but returned to the initial levels at 2-4 weeks, when total serum IgG also returned to pre-infusion levels. C inhibition was more pronounced with higher IVIG doses and the degree of inhibition was inversely proportional to the HLA Ab concentrations. IVIG did not block the binding of HLA Abs immediately after administration, although levels were slightly but consistently lower after several monthly IVIG infusions. The data show that C inhibition by IVIG is short-lived and that IVIG induces only a mild reduction of HLA Abs, seen not immediately but after months of treatment. These results may explain the inconsistent results of IVIG to achieve desensitization.
Teaching Personal Awareness

Educators rarely consider the attitudes that determine whether a learner will use the clinical skills we teach. Nevertheless, many learners and practitioners exhibit negative attitudes that can impede the use of patient-centered skills, leading to an isolated focus upon disease and impairing the provider-patient relationship. The problem is compounded because these attitudes often are incompletely recognized by learners and therefore are difficult to change without help. We present a research-based method for teaching personal awareness of unrecognized and often harmful attitudes. We propose that primary care clinicians without mental health training can follow this method to teach students, residents, faculty, and practitioners. Such teachers/mentors need to possess an abiding interest in the personal dimension, patience with a slowly evolving process of awareness, and the ability to establish strong, ongoing relationships with learners. Personal awareness teaching may occur during instruction in basic interviewing skills but works best if systematically incorporated throughout training.
Widespread intracranial calcifications in the follow-up of a patient with cartilage-hair hypoplasia--anauxetic dysplasia spectrum disorder: a coincidental finding?

Abstract Background/purpose Intracranial calcifications have been identified in many neurological disorders. To our knowledge, however, such findings have not been described in cartilage-hair hypoplasia – anauxetic dysplasia spectrum disorders (CHH-AD), a group of conditions characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Methods/results We report a 22-year old female patient, diagnosed with this disorder during her first year of life, and in whom bilateral intracranial calcifications (frontal lobes, basal ganglia, cerebellar dentate nuclei) were discovered by brain MRI at the age of 17 years. Conclusion The etiology of this finding remains unclear. Some causes of such deposits can be of a reversible nature, thus prompting early recognition although their consequences on clinical outcome remain mostly unknown.
An Econometric Analysis of the Sorghum Market

The basic objective was to identify and estimate the major structural relationships which influence annual sorghum prices in the US domestic market. Demand elasticities are estimated from the model to further analyze the domestic market. The paper also includes a comparison of alternative statistical estimates of the model with special reference to ex post estimation of endogenous variables in the system
Stereotyping: The Role of Ingroup-Outgroup Differences in Causal Attribution for Behavior

Summary A study was designed to test the idea that ingroup-outgroup differences in attributional processes play an important part in the origin of stereo-types. Specifically, it was hypothesized that ingroup members would make more dispositional attributions to positive behaviors and fewer dispositional attributions to negative behaviors than outgroup members would. A questionnaire including items on attributions to positive and negative behavior and interethnic attitudes was given to a triethnic sample of 750 fifth and sixth grade students. The hypothesis was well supported for the evaluation of the Chicanos' behavior, partially supported for the evaluation of Anglos' behavior, and unsupported for the evaluation of Blacks' behavior. Other results indicating that all three groups attribute positive behavior to the actor and negative behavior to the situation and that Anglos make more dispositional attributions than the other groups were also discussed.
Hot and Cold: Spatial Fluctuation in HIV-1 Recombination Rates

Coinfection of a single cell with two or more HIV strains may produce recombinant viruses upon template switching by the replication machinery. We applied a hierarchical multiple change point model to simultaneously infer inter-subtype recombination breakpoints and spatial variation in the recombination rate along the HIV-1 genome. We examined thousands of publicly available HIV-1 sequences representing the worldwide epidemic and focused on 544 unique recombinants with 1,701 recombination breakpoints. Estimates of per site recombination rate revealed the presence of a novel hotspot in the pol gene, surrounded by a cluster of mutations associated with resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors. We also confirm the presence of a known hotspot in the env gene and a previously hypothesized hotspot in the gag gene.
Foreign body in the maxillary antrum: A case report

A foreign body that had penetrated the infratemporal fossa via the orbit was removed through the maxillary sinus.
Evidence for possible involvement of 5-HT(2B) receptors in the cardiac valvulopathy associated with fenfluramine and other serotonergic medications.

Background—Serotonergic medications with various mechanisms of action are used to treat psychiatric disorders and are being investigated as treatments for drug dependence. The occurrence of fenfluramine-associated valvular heart disease (VHD) has raised concerns that other serotonergic medications might also increase the risk of developing VHD. We hypothesized that fenfluramine or its metabolite norfenfluramine and other medications known to produce VHD have preferentially high affinities for a particular serotonin receptor subtype capable of stimulating mitogenesis. Methods and Results—Medications known or suspected to cause VHD (positive controls) and medications not associated with VHD (negative controls) were screened for activity at 11 cloned serotonin receptor subtypes by use of ligand-binding methods and functional assays. The positive control drugs were (±)-fenfluramine; (+)-fenfluramine; (−)-fenfluramine; its metabolites (±)-norfenfluramine, (+)-norfenfluramine, and (−)-norfenfluramine; ergotamin...
Observations on the population dynamics of five cyathostome nematode species of horses in northern USA

Summary Monthly variations in the magnitude of adult and larval cyathostome burdens were observed in 55 horses necropsied over a 15-month period in the northern USA. Peak numbers of adult cyathostomes occurred in late winter (March) and late summer (September). Larval cyathostomes demonstrated peak numbers from February to April and again in October, beginning one month earlier than the spring adult peak and one month after the autumn adult peak, respectively. The reproductive status of individual female Cyathostomum catinatum, Cyath coronatum, Cylicocyclus nassatus, Cylicostephanus goldi and Cylicostephanus longibursatus was classified as immature, gravid or spent. Seasonal changes in these classifications were monitored as a marker for the age structure of these populations. Each reproductive category of female small strongyle was dominant during only one period per year and these periods were similarly distributed for all five species examined. Immature cyathostomes were most common from late winter to spring (March to May); gravid worms were predominant beginning in spring (April/May) and continuing into autumn (October to December). Spent females prevailed from autumn through winter (October to March/April).
Integration of differential global positioning system with ultrawideband synthetic aperture radar for forward imaging

The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), as part of a customer and mission-funded exploratory development program, has been evaluating low-frequency, ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging radar for forward imaging to support the Army's vision for increased mobility and survivability of unmanned ground vehicle missions. As part of the program to improve the radar system and imaging capability, ARL has incorporated a differential global positioning system (DGPS) for motion compensation into the radar system. The use of DGPS can greatly increase positional accuracy, thereby allowing us to improve our ability to focus better images for the detection of small targets such as plastic mines and other concealed objects buried underground. The ability of UWB radar technology to detect concealed objects could provide an important obstacle avoidance capability for robotic vehicles, which would improve the speed and maneuverability of these vehicles and consequently increase the survivability of the U.S. forces. This paper details the integration and discusses the significance of integrating a DGPS into the radar system for forward imaging. It also compares the difference between DGPS and the motion compensation data collected by the use of the original theodolite-based system.
Neuroticism, Side Effects, and Health Perceptions Among HIV-Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Medications.

Side effects from antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV disease can deter treatment, impact quality of life, and impede medication adherence. Individual differences in neuroticism may account for variations in the experience of side effects and perceptions of health status. Cross-sectional assessments were conducted with 258 participant’s with confirmed HIV infection and current ART regimen. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to evaluate a model of self-reported ART side effect frequency and severity and perceived health status, as related to neuroticism. Symptoms of neuroticism were associated with greater reports of ART side effects and poorer perceived health but unrelated to reported CD4 count and viral load, thus supporting the structural model. Individual differences in symptoms of neuroticism can explain variations in side effect reporting and consequential impairments in perceived health in the context of HIV treatment. Identification and intervention with individuals high in symptoms of neuroticism may be warranted to alleviate side effect-related concerns and maximize treatment benefit.
Age-dependent gene expression profile analysis in Morquio syndrome type A mouse cartilage tissue

Pompe disease is an inherited lysosomal disorder that results from a deficiency in acid α-glucosidase (GAA), and is characterized by progressive accumulation of lysosomal glycogen in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) using recombinant human GAA (rhGAA) is the only approved treatment available for Pompe disease. This ERT requires the specialized carbohydrate mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) for cellular uptake and subsequent delivery to lysosomes via cell surface cation-independent M6P receptors (CI-MPRs). However, the current rhGAA ERT contains low amounts of M6P that limit drug targeting and efficacy in diseaserelevant tissues. We have developed a proprietary production cell line and manufacturing process that yield a novel rhGAA (designated as ATB200) with optimal glycosylation and higher M6P content, particularly the high-affinity bis-M6P N-glycan structure, for improved drug targeting. ATB200 binds the CI-MPR with high affinity (KD ~ 2–4 nM) and was efficiently internalized by Pompe fibroblasts and skeletal muscle myoblasts (Kuptake ~ 7–14 nM). ATB200 was evaluated in vivo and shown to be much more effective for clearing accumulated glycogen in skeletal muscles of Gaa KO mice than the current rhGAA ERT. Our results indicate that bi-weekly administrations of 5 mg/kg ATB200 were equivalent to 20 mg/kg rhGAA for reducing glycogen, while substantially greater glycogen clearance was observed with 20 mg/kg ATB200 compared to 20 mg/kg rhGAA in key skeletal muscles. These results were confirmed by histological examination. The addition of a pharmacological chaperone (PC) enhanced glycogen reduction by ATB200. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the higher M6P content of ATB200 results in better lysosomal targeting and substrate reduction, which can be further improved by combination with a PC, thus warranting further investigation of this next-generation treatment for Pompe disease.
Post-CTS delay insertion

A post-clock-tree-synthesis (post-CTS) optimization method is proposed that suggests delay insertion at the leaves of the clock tree in order to implement a limited version of clock skew scheduling. Delay insertion is limited on each clock tree branch simultaneous with a global monitoring of the total amount of delay insertion. The delay insertion for nonzero clock skew operation is performed only at the clock sinks in order to preserve the structure and the optimizations implemented in the clock tree synthesis stage. The methodology is implemented as a linear programming model amenable to two design objectives: fixing timing violations or optimizing the clock period. Experimental results show that the clock networks of the largest ISCAS'89 circuits can be corrected post-CTS to resolve the timing conflicts in approximately 90% of the circuits with minimal delay insertion (0.159×clock period per clock path on average). It is also shown that the majority of the clock period improvement achievable through unrestricted clock skew scheduling are obtained through very limited insertion (≈43% average improvement through 10% of max insertion).
Corner detection for identification of man-made objects in noisy aerial images

Corner detection is an essential feature extraction step in many image understanding applications including aerial image analysis and manufactured part inspection. Available corner detectors require the user to set critical manual thresholds, degrade under significant noise levels, or introduce high computational complexity. We present a nonlinear corner detection algorithm that does not require prior image information or any threshold to be set by the user. It provides 100% correct corner detection and fewer than 1 false positive corner per image when the contrast to noise ratio of the image is 6 or more, under Gaussian white noise.
Kqlz‐FM: Pirate radio's musical swagger

(1993). Kqlz‐FM: Pirate radio's musical swagger. Popular Music and Society: Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 77-85.
All-Electrical Control of Single Ion Spins in a Semiconductor

We propose a method for all-electrical manipulation of single ion spins substituted into a semiconductor. Mn ions with a bound hole in GaAs form a natural example. Direct electrical manipulation of the ion spin is possible, because electric fields manipulate the orbital wave function of the hole, and through the spin-orbit coupling the spin is reoriented as well. Coupling ion spins can be achieved using gates to control the size of the hole wave function. Coherent manipulation of ionic spins may find applications in high-density storage and in scalable coherent or quantum information processing.
Ion-pairing control of excited-state electron-transfer reactions Effect of cations on cationic reactants

Abstract The rate constants for the oxidative quenching of ∗Ru(bpy)32+ by MV2+ (kq) and the cage escape yields (ηce) of the redox products (Ru(bpy)33+ and MV+) were determined as a function of added electrolytes (Cl− salts of Li+, Na+, Cs+, Ca2+, La3+) and temperature (10–60°C) in aqueous solution. At 25°C and constant [Cl−], kq is independent of the cation. There is, however, a specific cation effect on ηce (La3+ > Ca2+ ∼ Li+ > Na+ > Cs+), which is attributed to differences in the rate constants of cage escape (kce) due to variations in the bulk properties of the solution (viscosity, dielectric constant); the rate constants of back electron transfer within the cage are essentially independent of the nature of the electrolyte cation. The reactant cations are extensively ion-paired by Cl− in bulk solution and within the quenching solvent cage. However, the electrolyte cations do not have any effect on the rates of electron transfer between the cationic species.
Religion, Violence, Memory, and Place

Religion, Violence, Memory, and Place, edited by Oren Baruch Stier and J. Shawn Landres. Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 2006, 280 pp., $24.95, ISBN: 978-0-253-21864-3 (pap...
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Faculty's and Academic Administrators' Dilemmas in a University-K-12 Partnership.

This case explores the complexity and dilemmas that faculty and academic administrators at Southwestern University (SU) encountered as they engaged in the development and establishment of a partnership with the local city’s school districts. The partnership—carried at SU’s College of Science but funded and based through a university-based agency—aimed to prepare math and science educators to better respond to the increasing pressure of improving student achievement in those subject areas. The complications and dilemmas that the math and science partnership encountered are traced and made visible as its establishment coincides with a period of institutional changes at SU. The changes involve the university’s redefinition of its mission and goals including an institutional shift from a focus on teaching to one on research. The shift brought into stark relief a long-standing tension between two cherished but unequally valued academic practices: disciplinary (or basic) scholarship versus transdisciplinary (ed...
Age and pasture effects on vernal transition in mares

Abstract The objectives of the present study were to determine if follicular activity was less in old than in young mares during the spring transition and if green pasture would hasten onset of the ovulatory season. Experiments were conducted over 2 sequential years using young mares (3 to 7 yr) and old mares (≥14 yr). In Experiment 1, growth of the largest and second-largest follicles were compared for young mares (5 to 7 yr) and old mares (≥14 yr) for 21 d prior to the first ovulation of the year. More follicular activity was noted in young than in old mares. Main effect of age was significant for diameter of the largest follicle, and interaction of day-by-age was significant for diameter of the second-largest follicle. Prior to the beginning of the breeding season, the mares were randomly divided into dry-lot and pasture groups. The interval from May 2 to ovulation was shorter (P
Customer Centric Cloud Service Model and a Case Study on Commerce as a Service

This paper proposes a Cloud service model that centers around customer business requirements. The model covers the customers' subscribed services and the service providers' offered Cloud services. It covers the relationship among offering versus subscription, Cloud infrastructure service versus Cloud application service, configuration versus customization of Cloud services, etc. It then depicts a customer centric Cloud service model which models the artifacts of enterprises owned by public serving Cloud services. It’s an extension of enterprise services to open service ecosystem leveraging the latest technical innovation of Cloud computing.Later, this paper carries out a case study on an IBM software group ongoing project, Commerce as a Service, which aims to provide e-commerce functions as services over a Cloud infrastructure.
Restrictions and Generalized Inverses in Linear Models

Abstract Given any generalized inverse (X'X)− appropriate to normal equations X'Xb 0 = X'y for the linear model y = Xb + e, a procedure is given for obtaining from it a generalized inverse appropriate to a restricted model having restrictions P'b = 0 for P'b nonestimable.
Motivated action: new light on prefrontal-neuromodulatory circuits

A new study has used optogenetic methods to stimulate prefrontal-brainstem neuromodulatory pathways while animals face environmental stressors, the results providing further compelling evidence that prefrontal control of neuromodulatory function can have a dramatic effect on motivated behavior.
Benoît Pilon: Dwelling in Québec: A Young Filmmaker's Gaze

In this article, I propose to briefly review Quebecker filmmaker Benoit Pilon's (1962-) career in light of his unique gaze, in which the history of Quebec and the tribulations of daily life are comingled in compelling ways. Although still a young filmmaker, Pilon has already produced many international prize-winning documentaries and fictional feature films. Neither category of his work has, as yet, been thoroughly discussed and critically examined from within a literary and cultural studies frame. This article will explore Pilon's early days dedicated to short films such as the kieslowskien Regards Voles (1993), as well as his consistent background in writing and directing documentaries that question and impose their stories inspired by Quebec's recent history. In each of his works, Pilon revisits times in Quebec history, elaborating on the clash between language, culture, and the vicissitudes of life. Most recently, and by contrast with the proclaimed humanity hailed by his critics, Benoit Pilon propose...
Data harvesting in sensor networks using mobile sinks

Data collection architectures for static sensor networks typically adopt a multipoint-to-point routing model in which data from individual sensors is routed to strategically placed static sink units. In spite of its operational simplicity, this model suffers from uneven energy burden in the network due to the high routing energy expenditure around the static sink units. This can lead to limited network life caused by sink disconnections due to the early energy exhaustion of those energy-strained nodes near the data sinks. Introducing sink mobility to combat this lifetime issue has recently generated a lot of interest among the sensor network research community. The key idea is to avoid routing hotspots using policybased sink mobility for improving network life. This article first explores and categorizes the general problem of sink mobility in the context of trade-offs between data delivery delay and network lifetime. Then it reviews a number of existing solutions in the literature and their applicability to various application scenarios. Finally, the article introduces and studies a novel mobility control solution in which the network nodes cooperatively determine the sink trajectory, and navigate the mobile sinks for delay and energy optimized data collection.
Self-Assembly of Tethered Diblocks in Selective Solvents

We use scaling arguments and self-consistent field calculations to determine the behavior of AB diblock copolymers that are grafted to a planar surface at relatively low densities. The surrounding solution is assumed to be a theta or marginally good solvent for the A block and a poor solvent for the B block. When the chains are grafted by the ends of the B blocks and the B blocks are sufficiently long, the layer associates into an ordered array of “flowerlike” structures. The solvophobic B's form the core of the “flowers”, and the soluble A's form the outer corona of “petals”. The size and spacing of the micellar aggregates can be manipulated by varying the different block lengths. The findings provide guidelines for fabricating patterned films with well-defined morphologies.
Gracious submission: the Southern Baptist Convention's press portrayals of women

Among recent controversies surrounding the Southern Baptist Convention, the largest Protestant denomination, have been statements on the role of women in society. With the 2004 election the SBC gained political influence due to its role in the re-election of President George W. Bush and ratification of 13 state constitutional amendments banning same-sex marriage. This study examines the portrayals of women by the SBC's Baptist Press during the six-month period surrounding the 2004 election in order to determine how this religiously and politically powerful group depicts women and their role in the family, church, and society.
Effects of inbreeding on infant mortality in captive primates

Breeding records for 16 primate colonies representing six families and both suborders were obtained from 10 institutions breeding primates in captivity and from the international studbook on one endangered species. Inbreeding coefficients relative to the founding population were calculated for each individual born. Individuals with an inbreeding coefficient of zero were classified as “noninbred” those with inbreeding coefficients greater than zero, as “inbred.” Infant mortality was defined as all deaths prior to the age of 6 months. Infant mortality of inbred young was higher than that of noninbred young in 15 of the 16 colonies surveyed (P =0.0003, one-tailed sign test). The higher mortality rate of the inbred young was significant by a Fisher’s exact test with a probability less than or equal to 0.05 in five of the individual colonies: Lemur fulvus, Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri, Saguinus fuscicollis, Leontopithecus rosalia,and Mandrillus sphinx.
The specificity of the effects of stimulant medication on classroom learning-related measures of cognitive processing for Attention Deficit Disorder children

There appear to be beneficial effects of stimulant medication on daily classroom measures of cognitive functioning for Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) children, but the specificity and origin of such effects is unclear. Consistent with previous results, 0.3 mg/kg methylphenidate improved ADD children's performance on a classroom reading comprehension measure. Using the Posner letting-matching task and four additional measures of phonological processing, we attempted to isolate the effects of methylphenidate to parameter estimates of (a) selective attention, (b) the basic cognitive process of retrieving name codes from permanent memory, and (c) a constant term that represented nonspecific aspects of information processing. Responses to the letter-matching stimuli were faster and more accurate with medication compared to placebo. The improvement in performance was isolated to the parameter estimate that reflected nonspecific aspects of information processing. A lack of medication effect on the other measures of phonological processing supported the Posner task findings in indicating that methylphenidate appears to exert beneficial effects on academic processing through general rather than specific aspects of information processing.
On a Likely Shape of the Random Ferrers Diagram

We study the random partitions of a large integern, under the assumption that all such partitions are equally likely. We use Fristedt's conditioning device which connects the parts (summands) distribution to the one of ag-sequence, that is, a sequence of independent random variables, each distributed geometrically with a size-dependent parameter. Confirming a conjecture made by Arratia and Tavare, we prove that the joint distribution of counts of parts with size at mostsn?n1/2(at leastsn?n1/2, resp.) is close?in terms of the total variation distance?to the distribution of the firstsncomponents of theg-sequence (of theg-sequence minus the firstsn?1 components, resp.). We supplement these results with the estimates for the middle-sized parts distribution, using the analytical tools revolving around the Hardy?Ramanujan formula for the partition function. Taken together, the estimates lead to an asymptotic description of the random Ferrers diagram, close to the one obtained earlier by Szalay and Turan. As an application, we simplify considerably and strengthen the Szalay?Turan formula for the likely degree of an irreducible representation of the symmetric groupSn. We show further that both the size of a random conjugacy class and the size of the centraliser for every element from the class are doubly exponentially distributed in the limit. We prove that a continuous time process that describes the random fluctuations of the diagram boundary from the deterministic approximation converges to a Gaussian (non-Markov) process with continuous sample path. Convergence is such that it implies weak convergence of every integral functional from a broad class. To demonstrate applicability of this general result, we prove that the eigenvalue distribution for the Diaconis?Shahshahani card-shuffling Markov chain is asymptotically Gaussian with zero mean, and variance of ordern?3/2.
Optical Manipulation with Counter Propagating Helical Beams

We present a novel method for using multiple beams to exert optical forces using holographically generated phase masks. Here we use counter propagating helical modes with opposite charge to manipulate mesoscopic particles.
From partnering to road maps

Rigsbee, E. 2001. PartnerShift: How to Profit from the Partnering Trend, 2nd ed. (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.). Hanson, P. (Forthcoming) The M&A Guide: A 10-Step Roadmap for Workforce Integration (New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.).
Digital Holography: Algorithms, E-Beam Lithography, And 3-D Display

Computer Generated holograms offer a wide variety of applications, specifically in the synthesis and processing of real and synthetic images. In this paper we examine and demonstrate the major aspects of recording these holograms using an ejectron beam exposure system (MEBES). Holographic patterns stored in memory can be recorded directly onto an electron sensitive resist with a IX format, thus requiring no reduction techniques. The MEBES system can record holograms as large as 12 cm. by 12 cm. square with a resolution of 500 cycles per mm. without significant distortions. The amount of information required to record such a hologram can far exceed 15 gigabytes. But by the method presented this process can be divided into manageable parcels (260k bytes) which are then combined to form a large scale hologram. The end effect of this project was to demonstrate that computer generated binary holograms can be recorded using an electron beam exposure system (MEBES). The results of this technique have been modest but more important, offer a promising future.© (1983) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.