cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Patient-specific spectrum power determination for source localization of ictal MEG

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been shown to be a useful diagnostic tool for presurgical evaluation of pediatric medically intractable partial epilepsy. MEG source localization has been shown to improve the likelihood of seizure onset zone (SOZ) sampling during subsequent evaluation with intracranial EEG (ICEEG). We investigated whether frequency-dependent ictal MEG onset source localization further improves results of interictal MEG in defining the SOZ.
Neural substrates of social status inference: Roles of medial prefrontal cortex and superior temporal sulcus

The negotiation of social order is intimately connected to the capacity to infer and track status relationships. Despite the foundational role of status in social cognition, we know little about how the brain constructs status from social interactions that display it. Although emerging cognitive neuroscience reveals that status judgments depend on the intraparietal sulcus, a brain region that supports the comparison of targets along a quantitative continuum, we present evidence that status judgments do not necessarily reduce to ranking targets along a quantitative continuum. The process of judging status also fits a social interdependence analysis. Consistent with third-party perceivers judging status by inferring whose goals are dictating the terms of the interaction and who is subordinating their desires to whom, status judgments were associated with increased recruitment of medial pFC and STS, brain regions implicated in mental state inference.
Fast full-system execution-driven performance simulator for blue gene/q

Full-system execution-driven simulators are essential tools in the development of supercomputers, such as IBM Blue Gene/Q. They enable software teams to develop and run code before the real system becomes available, typically a few years after the beginning of the project. Functional simulators support early software development. The addition of timing information allows for early performance assessment of applications to provide feedback on the hardware and system design. The techniques employed to implement a timing model for Blue Gene/Q, built on top of the functional model, are presented. Our simulator runs several orders of magnitude faster than traditional cycle-accurate simulators. The experiments with micro-kernels from the Sequoia Benchmark Suite demonstrate that our simulator provides the timing accuracy between 3 to 17% of the actual measurement from the real Blue Gene/Q machine. We also present some architecture design exploration and its performance implications.
Anterior cruciate ligament allograft transplantation Long-term function, histology, revascularization, and operative technique

In recent years much effort has been devoted to finding a satisfactory replacement for the injured ACL. None of the reconstruction techniques used in the past can be considered ideal because of their inability to duplicate the complex geometry, structure, and function of the ligament. Current advances in allograft transplantation and cryopreservation have led us to design and implement an experimental model for testing the feasibility of cryopreserved ACL allotransplantation. Groups of dogs were used to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on ligament strength and to compare the relative performance of both autograft and allograft ACL transplants up to 18 months after implantation. The ligaments were examined mechanically, histologically, and microangiographically. The cryopreservation process and duration of storage had no effect on the biomechanical or structural properties of the ligament. The mechanical integrity of the allografts was similar to that of the autografts, with both achieving nearly 90% of control ligament strength by 36 weeks. Revascularization approached normal by 24 weeks in both autograft and allograft. No evidence of structural degradation or immunological reaction was seen. Based on these results, we believe that a cryopreserved ACL allograft can provide the ideal material for ACL reconstruction. We have outlined a surgical technique for harvesting and implanting this graft clinically.
Influences of calcium intake and vitamin D supplementation on reproductive performance of dairy cows.

Abstract Reproductive performance of 37 2- to 6-year-old Holstein cows was observed, during 58 reproductive cycles, to compare effects of two calcium intakes, averaging 100 (A) and 200g (B), fed in rations contributing 80 to 100g of phosphorus daily, each with (+D) and without 300,000 IU vitamin D 3 (−D) weekly. Alfalfa hay and concentrate mixtures were group fed to satiety. Uterine involution was completed eight days sooner (P
Development and Population Growth of Lygus hesperus on Selected Weed Hosts, Artificial Diet and Cotton in the Laboratory

ABSTRACT Laboratory studies were conducted to obtain basic biological information of Lygus hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae) on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), pigweed (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.), Russian thistle (Salsola iberica Sennen and Pau), green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), artificial diet, and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) square and cotton boll at 27°C. The nymphal developmental duration was 28.8 d on cotton bolls, nearly twice longer, compared with ≈15 d in other hosts. The nymphal survivorship was significantly lowest on the cotton boll (18%), whereas the survivorship in other hosts ranged from 33% (cotton square) to 93% (green bean). The average total nymphal survivorship was ≈60% and the most nymphal mortalities occurred on the first three instars. The life-table parameters were obtained only in cotton square, artificial diet, green bean, and alfalfa. The average adult longevity in artificial diet was the shortest (18.7 d), with the longest longevity observed (36.1 d) on green beans. The...
Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of the Labeobarbus intermedius complex (Pisces, Cyprinidae) from Ethiopia

Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of populations of the Labeobarbus intermedius complex (hexaploid barb) was investigated using 88 complete and 71 partial cytochrome b ( cytb) sequences originating from 21 localities in five major drainages in Ethiopia and two localities in northern Kenya. The samples included 14 of the 15 Labeobarbus species described from Lake Tana. Discrete phylogeographic analyses of 159cytb sequences employing Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations using Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees (BEAST) supported the monophyly of the L. intermedius complex, including the Lake Tana species. This analysis, in combination with statistical parsimony analysis, identified two mitochondrial DNA lineages within the complex. Divergence dating employing coalescent simulations suggested that the geographic split in theL. intermedius complex that led to the formation of these lineages occurred during the Pleistocene ( c .0 ⋅5 M b.p.), consistent with the timing of volcano-tectonic events postulated to have shaped the current landscape of East Africa.
View selection for volume rendering

In a visualization of a three-dimensional dataset, the insights gained are dependent on what is occluded and what is not. Suggestion of interesting viewpoints can improve both the speed and efficiency of data understanding. This paper presents a view selection method designed for volume rendering. It can be used to find informative views for a given scene, or to find a minimal set of representative views which capture the entire scene. It becomes particularly useful when the visualization process is non-interactive - for example, when visualizing large datasets or time-varying sequences. We introduce a viewpoint "goodness" measure based on the formulation of entropy from information theory. The measure takes into account the transfer function, the data distribution and the visibility of the voxels. Combined with viewpoint properties like view-likelihood and view-stability, this technique can be used as a guide, which suggests "interesting" viewpoints for further exploration. Domain knowledge is incorporated into the algorithm via an importance transfer function or volume. This allows users to obtain view selection behaviors tailored to their specific situations. We generate a view space partitioning, and select one representative view for each partition. Together, this set of views encapsulates the "interesting" and distinct views of the data. Viewpoints in this set can be used as starting points for interactive exploration of the data, thus reducing the human effort in visualization. In non-interactive situations, such a set can be used as a representative visualization of the dataset from all directions.
The extended space technique for hybird computer solution of partial differential equations

The rapid solution of partial differential equations (PDE) has been a subject of increasing interest in recent years. This interest in partly due to advances in areas of technology which require the solution of PDEs, but is primarily due to the need to apply modern optimization and identification techniques to the spatially continuous systems that are best modeled by PDEs. The parallel organization of the analog subsection of a hybrid computer facilitates extremely rapid solutions of complicated systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Therefore, techniques to find a system of ODEs that can be solved to obtain a rapid approximate solution to a PDE on the hybrid computer have become the subject of intensive investigation.
Lennox-Gastaut syndrome symptomatic to hypothalamic hamartoma: evolution and long-term outcome following surgery.

Abstract Background Lennox-Gastaut syndrome is a catastrophic childhood cryptogenic or symptomatic epilepsy. Hypothalamic hamartomas cause refractory epilepsy often consistent with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Methods Children with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome were defined by a triad of multiple generalized seizure types, slow spike-and-wave on EEG, and mental retardation. Results Twenty-one of 159 hypothalamic hamartoma patients (14%) met the diagnostic criteria of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The median age of patients at epilepsy onset was 0.9 years (range, birth to 9 years). Six of the 21 patients (28%) had preceding infantile spasms. All patients underwent different surgical approaches, including endoscopic, transcallosal, orbitozygomatic resections, and radiosurgery treatment. Five of the 21 (24%) were seizure free with an additional 9 (42%) having at least >90% seizure reduction. Only 1 patient was not effectively treated ( Conclusions Patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome symptomatic to hypothalamic hamartomas have better postsurgical outcome due to other etiologies compared with cryptogenic and symptomatic Lennox-Gastaut syndrome patients. However, compared with overall hypothalamic hamartomas postsurgical outcomes, this cohort was less favorable. Earlier surgery may lead to better outcomes.
Channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping of long-range callosal projections

The functions of cortical areas depend on their inputs and outputs, but the detailed circuits made by long-range projections are unknown. We show that the light-gated channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is delivered to axons in pyramidal neurons in vivo. In brain slices from ChR2-expressing mice, photostimulation of ChR2-positive axons can be transduced reliably into single action potentials. Combining photostimulation with whole-cell recordings of synaptic currents makes it possible to map circuits between presynaptic neurons, defined by ChR2 expression, and postsynaptic neurons, defined by targeted patching. We applied this technique, ChR2-assisted circuit mapping (CRACM), to map long-range callosal projections from layer (L) 2/3 of the somatosensory cortex. L2/3 axons connect with neurons in L5, L2/3 and L6, but not L4, in both ipsilateral and contralateral cortex. In both hemispheres the L2/3-to-L5 projection is stronger than the L2/3-to-L2/3 projection. Our results suggest that laminar specificity may be identical for local and long-range cortical projections.
A’Lelia Walker: The Joy Goddess of Harlem

This essay examines the role A’Lelia Walker played as a fashion and social trendsetter in Harlem during the 1920s. The only daughter of early-twentieth-century hair-care-industry pioneer Madam C. J. Walker, she carved her own niche as a patron of the arts and philanthropist. An heiress with exquisitely decorated homes and chauffeured cars and hostess of music-filled soirees, she personified the spirit and flamboyance of the era. Always stylish, her blend of regal, statuesque African beauty and haute couture served as an inspiration to poets, painters, and novelists. Among those for whom she posed were photographers Berenice Abbott and Addison Scurlock and sculptors Richmond Barthe and Augusta Savage. Her parties were legendary. Whether at Villa Lewaro (her mother’s Irvington, New York, mansion), at The Dark Tower (a converted floor of her 136th Street townhouse), or at her 80 Edgecombe Avenue pied-a-terre, she welcomed uptown and downtown artists, musicians, actors, writers, political activists, and socialites. Langston Hughes called her “the joy goddess of Harlem’s 1920s” because her memorable gatherings lent such a glamorous, glitzy aura to the social scene above 110th Street.
Reasons for discontinued service among Guardians ad Litem

Abstract High attrition among Guardians ad Litem can compromise the quality of care for youth in the dependency system. In order to improve the retention of Guardians ad Litem and the quality of work completed, the characteristics of volunteers who have discontinued service as well as the reasons these volunteers provide for discontinuing service were examined. These analyses were conducted using a Grounded Theory approach as well as descriptive and bivariate statistics. The most frequently reported reason for discontinued service was the volunteers' inactivity for six months or longer. In addition, younger volunteers aiming to gain experience in the field had the shortest length of service, while older volunteers and volunteers who no longer wished to continue had the longest length of service. Our recommendations include 1) standardized and consistent tracking systems of volunteers, 2) create a track for student volunteers who cannot commit to the preferred length of service, 3) recruit older adults who may have more time and life experience to commit to the program, and 4) enhance volunteer commitment by increasing socialization, celebrating accomplishments, and cultivating volunteers' work expectations.
Challenges and Benefits in Designing and Implementing a Team-Based Research Mentorship Experience in Translational Research

Background. Translational research seeks to build bridges between research and practice to address public health issues efficiently and effectively. The purpose of this article was to evaluate a newly formed institute that provided graduate students and adolescent behavioral health community professionals with a translational research service-learning opportunity through the creation of a community–university mentoring partnership. Goals of the team-based research mentorship approach included (1) providing students the skills for implementing translational research, (2) providing research opportunities for community agencies to enhance operations and to encourage ongoing research involvement, and (3) developing relationships between university faculty and community agency professionals for further research collaborations. Method. The Institute used the National Institute on Drug Abuse’s Mentoring Mosaic to select a diverse group of community and academic mentors. The research mentorship experience of the ...
Implementation Procedures for the Risk in Early Design (RED) Method

Risk assessments performed at the conceptual design phase of a product may offer the greatest opportunity to increase product safety and reliability at the least cost. This is an especially difficult proposition, however, as often the product has not assumed a physical form at this early design stage. This paper introduces the Risk in Early Design (RED) method, a method for performing risk assessments based on functions, rather than physical components, to address this challenge. In particular, this paper focuses on the function based mathematical mappings of the RED method for a preliminary risk assessment based on catalogued historical failure information. An example is presented on how the RED preliminary risk assessment method is used in the design process on a spacecraft thermal control subsystem. Also, heuristics for applying the particular types of risk assessments are discussed. The preliminary risk assessment method discussed offers a potentially paradigm-shifting approach to identifying potential areas of concern in a product during the early stages of design when risk mitigation is least expensive.
Medaka as a model for studying environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of phenotypes

Ability of environmental stressors to induce transgenerational diseases has been experimentally demonstrated in plants, worms, fish, and mammals, indicating that exposures affect not only human health but also fish and ecosystem health. Small aquarium fish have been reliable model to study genetic and epigenetic basis of development and disease. Additionally, fish can also provide better, economic opportunity to study transgenerational inheritance of adverse health and epigenetic mechanisms. Molecular mechanisms underlying germ cell development in fish are comparable to those in mammals and humans. This review will provide a short overview of long-term effects of environmental chemical contaminant exposure in various models, associated epigenetic mechanisms, and a perspective on fish as model to study environmentally induced transgenerational inheritance of altered phenotypes.
How Social Movements Die: We Shall Overthrow!

Set on the path of activism, but beset with a series of personal as well as political issues, the Henrys and Cleages searched for a different approach. The inspiration for a new direction came from two individuals. On one hand was Malcolm X, perhaps one of the most important political thinkers, sources of inspiration, and organizational facilitators in U.S. history, whose influence was only hindered by his assassination. On the other hand was Robert F. Williams, today much less well known than Malcolm but, in his time, perhaps one of the most important African American leaders in the United States. This chapter tells the story of the influence of these two men and the formation of the RNA. The Malcolm X Effect On November 10, 1963, a month after the creation of the Freedom Now Party, the Henry-Cleage group pulled together a conference intended to counter the activities undertaken by the better-financed, better-publicized Detroit Council for Human Rights leadership conference run by the Reverend C. L. Franklin. This event drew on the actions and connections not only of the Henrys and the Cleages but also of others from the community, for example, Reverend Milton Galamison, leader of an employment nongovernmental organization in Brooklyn; Sam Jordan, a candidate for Detroit mayor; and William Worthy, the FNP national chairperson. No individual, however, would be as important as Malcolm X (the keynote speaker), who had been drawn to the event by his friend Milton Henry.
An Intuitive Approach to Visualize Multidimensional Data and Relationships

Multidimensional relationships exist in almost any discipline. There are numerous visualization methods that enable us to ‘see’ multidimensional relationships in an easy and intuitive manner for two or three variables, using 2-d and 3-d representation s. It is substantially more difficult, and sometimes even impossible, to visualize more than three dimensions – at least easily or in a way that is intuitive to the user. In this paper, a visualization methodology is presented in which multidimensional relationships can be viewed in an intuitive and straightforward manner. Based on this visualization, it is possible to quickly identify regions of interest for functional relationships, optimization applications, or for high dimensional datasets, regardless of the complexity of space or data. The technology provides a new approach to visualize more than three dimensions in a way that looks remarkably similar to traditional 2-d and 3-d representations. The method uses a new technique of ‘lossless’ dimension blending, termed the Hyper-Space Diagonal Counting (HSDC). The methodology developed here provides a unique way to visually represent the relationships for n-dimensional problems. What is described here represents a totally new methodology that has the potential to greatly impact numerous industries, as well as th e educational enterprise.
Fate of EDC-CCl 4 (75:25) residues during milling and oil extraction of soybeans.

When soybeans were fumigated with ethylene dichloride-carbon tetrachloride (75:25, EDC-CCl4), a residue of each component of this mixture remained in both the hull and interior portion of the treated soybeans. Residues found in the various milling and processing fractions of the fumigated soybeans indicated that toasting removed the residues from the hulls but that steaming involved in the flaking process did not remove residues from dehulled soybeans. Fumigant residues from the flakes passed into both the miscella and extracted marc and were subsequently detected in the recovered hexane from both of these fractions. The solvent-free oil and meal products contained no residues. Accumulations of residues in the recovered hexane could present a contamination problem to the soybean processor as he depends upon the continuous reuse of hexane in his oil extraction process.
Reduced Larva Growth of Two Lepidoptera (Noctuidae) on Excised Leaves of Soybean Infected with a Mycorrhizal Fungus

Soybean roots were infected by the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasciculatum or were left noninoculated and fertilized with phosphorus (P). Detached leaves of infected plants were fed to neonate larvae of corn earworm, Heliothts zea (Boddie), or fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Average weights of larvae after 14 days were reduced by 40% relative to larvae fed P-fertilized (control) soybean leaves. Larvae of both species fed leaves from VAM plants took longer to pupate, average pupal weights were lower, and mortality was greater than for larvae that received control leaves. Growth reduction for larvae fed VAM leaves was not correlated with leaf nitrogen, amino acid, carbohydrate, micronutrient, or phenolic content. The extent of VAM-fungal infection of soybean roots varied between cultivars, and percent fungal infection was positively correlated with delays in pupation and negatively correlated with growth differences. We could not discern whether the basis of the mycorrhizal effect was due to induction of an anti-feedant, a toxic factor, or due to changes in the nutritional quality of the host plant’s leaves.
Women and Men in Western History: A Stereoptical Vision

n Victorian parlors one could often find a small viewer, called a stereopticon, and accompanying cards of photographs. Each card seems to contain two identical pictures, but when you place the card in the device, look through the eyepiece, and adjust the focus, a three-dimensional picture appears. The images on the card are not, after all, identical. When combined, they produce a fuller, deeper picture than one can obtain from a single image. So it is with the new field of western women's history. The slightly different perspective of women's history can add a significant dimension to western history that has heretofore been lacking. As Joan Jensen and Darlis Miller noted in their article, "Gentle Tamers Revisited," western women's history has experienced remarkable growth and development in the past ten years. Jensen and Miller surveyed the subfield and suggested many fruitful areas for future research, but they did not attempt to show how new research in western women's history might modify western history as a whole.' That is my intention. Western history has always been a diverse and prolific field. Today, however, it is widely acknowledged that the diversity indicates some theoretical disarray. The old masters-Turner, Bolton, and Webb-no longer dominate, but no new general themes have gained widespread acceptance. There is a growing interest in the creation of syntheses that will encorporate new approaches to western history while retaining older ones.2 The following observations on the perspective of women's history are offered in that spirit-as part of a general effort to contribute to the new western history.
A Review of Dry Etching of GaN and Related Materials

The characteristics of dry etching of the AlGaInN materials system in different reactor types and plasma chemistries are reviewed, along with the depth and thermal stability of etch-induced damage. The application to device processing for both electronics and photonics is also discussed.
The pathobiology of HIV infection. A review.

This review deals with the virus/cell interaction and explains the apparent paradox of the global immune defect in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome of a single subset of lymphocytes
ANC President, 1941–9

‘We are building a nation and making history’1 Alfred Xuma assumed the ANC presidency at a time of rapid change in South Africa. Following impassioned debate in the white parliament, South Africa had entered World War II on the side of Britain on 4 September 1939. Among the most significant by-products of the war was South Africa’s dramatic industrial growth, especially in mining, steel, and textiles. Such growth led to a 57 per cent increase in the number of Africans working in manufacturing between 1939–45. Understandably, urbanization grew side by side with industrialization.
Neprilysin Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Disease

Mortality from heart failure remains high despite advances in medical therapy over the last three decades. Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) combinations are the latest addition to the heart failure medical armamentarium, which is built on the cornerstone regimen of beta blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and aldosterone antagonists. Recent trial data have shown a significant mortality benefit from ARNIs, which, as of May 2016, have now received a class I recommendation for use in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction from the major American and European cardiology societies.
Paired VH:VL Analysis of Naïve B Cell Repertoires and Comparison to Antigen-Experienced B Cell Repertoires in Healthy Human Donors

Obtaining an extensive sequence database for the naive B cell repertoire is of high importance for immunology and medical research because the ensemble of sequences that comprise the naive repertoire will ultimately dictate whether an organism has the ability to recognize a particular chemical species.
Trace elements in natural azurite pigments found in illuminated manuscript leaves investigated by synchrotron x-ray fluorescence and diffraction mapping

We present trace-element and composition analysis of azurite pigments in six illuminated manuscript leaves, dating from the thirteenth to sixteenth century, using synchrotron-based, large-area x-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) and diffraction (SR-XRD) mapping. SR-XRF mapping reveals several trace elements correlated with azurite, including arsenic, zirconium, antimony, barium, and bismuth, that appear in multiple manuscripts but were not always detected by point XRF. Within some manuscript leaves, variations in the concentration of trace elements associated with azurite coincide with distinct regions of the illuminations, suggesting systematic differences in azurite preparation or purification. Variations of the trace element concentrations in azurite are greater among different manuscript leaves than the variations within each individual leaf, suggesting the possibility that such impurities reflect distinct mineralogical/geologic sources. SR-XRD maps collected simultaneously with the SR-XRF maps confirm the identification of azurite regions and are consistent with impurities found in natural mineral sources of azurite. In general, our results suggest the feasibility of using azurite trace element analysis for provenance studies of illuminated manuscript fragments, and demonstrate the value of XRF mapping in non-destructive determination of trace element concentrations within a single pigment.
Treatment of pulmonary embolism with argatroban and ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis with alteplase in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Purpose Successful ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis (USAT) with low-dose alteplase and argatroban in a patient with bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE) secondary to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is reported. Summary HIT is a life-threatening complication associated with a high risk of thromboembolism. Systemic anticoagulation for the treatment of thrombosis may not be sufficient in the presence of PE. Catheter-directed treatment may be indicated in patients with PE and associated right ventricular dysfunction. Literature describing the use of nonheparin anticoagulation with catheter-directed thrombolysis in the setting of HIT, particularly in the context of PE, is limited. A 76-year-old Caucasian woman with recent cardiac surgery was hospitalized with bilateral PE. Unfractionated heparin was initiated, but the patient was switched to argatroban upon suspicion of HIT due to recent heparin exposure. The patient clinically improved and was switched to rivaroxaban on hospital day 7 for long-term anticoagulation. She developed worsening dyspnea on hospital day 9, and a computed tomography angiogram revealed an increased clot burden. On hospital day 12, the patient underwent USAT with alteplase and argatroban using the EkoSonic Endovascular System (EKOS Corporation, Bothell, WA). The catheters and sheaths were removed after approximately 20 hours, and the patient had marked hemodynamic improvement with reduced bilateral pulmonary arterial pressure. She was transitioned to warfarin therapy and discharged on hospital day 19. Conclusion A woman with HIT and bilateral PE was successfully treated with the combination of argatroban and USAT with alteplase.
The propositional logic of mapping transnational american studies-a response to 'deep maps': A brief for digital palimpsest mapping projects

This response to Shelley Fisher Fishkin's “‘Deep Maps’: A Brief for Digital Palimpsest Mapping Projects” explicates the layers of complex interconnected practices that Fishkin’s paradigm of Deep Maps instates. Bishop notes that Fishkin’s trope of palimpsests “depends on a scholarly methodology that privileges the transnational as a structure, a means, and a dynamic site of excavation for intellectual inquiry” and “provides for new forms of collaborative writing and new reading practices” in which scholars, students, and even members of the general public can build geo-archives together. Fishkin’s Deep Maps project, Bishop concludes, foregrounds a construction of place in a “self-reflective placial exercise” that accepts “other national literatures and histories [with] . . . their own ways of understanding and engaging with the transnational.”
Comparison of Electronic Health Record-Based and Claims-Based Diabetes Care Quality Measures: Causes of Discrepancies.

Objective To investigate magnitude and sources of discrepancy in quality metrics using claims versus electronic health record (EHR) data. Study design Assessment of proportions of HbA1c and LDL testing for people ascertained as diabetic from the respective sources. Qualitative interviews and review of EHRs of discrepant cases. Data collection/extraction Claims submitted to Rhode Island Medicaid by three practice sites in 2013; program-coded EHR extraction; manual review of selected EHRs. Principal findings Of 21,030 adult Medicaid beneficiaries attributed to a primary care patient at a site by claims or EHR data, concordance on assignment ranged from 0.30 to 0.41. Of patients with concordant assignment, the ratio of patients ascertained as diabetic by EHR versus claims ranged from 1.06 to 1.14. For patients with concordant assignment and diagnosis, the ratio based on EHR versus claims ranged from 1.08 to 18.34 for HbA1c testing, and from 1.29 to 14.18 for lipid testing. Manual record review of 264 patients discrepant on diagnosis or testing identified problems such as misuse of ICD-9 codes, failure to submit claims, and others. Conclusions Claims data underestimate performance on these metrics compared to EHR documentation, by varying amounts. Use of claims data for these metrics is problematic.
Surgical necrotizing enterocolitis in extremely premature neonates is associated with genetic variations in an intergenic region of chromosome 8.

Twin studies suggest that genetic factors may account for up to 50% increased risk for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but genome-wide association studies for NEC are lacking. Genotyping was done on Illumina BeadChip, followed by analysis using PLINK with logistic regression under an additive model. Among 751 extremely-low-birth-weight ( 401 g) neonates, 30 had surgical NEC. Two hundred and sixty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed association with NEC at P<0.05, of which 35 were significant at P<10−7. Minor allele(s) in a cluster of SNPs spanning a 43-kb region of chromosome 8 (8q23.3) conferred an odds ratio of 4.72 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.51–8.88) for elevated risk of NEC. Two smaller clusters on chromosome 14 and chromosome 11 exhibited P values of 10–7–10–8. The chromosome 8 cluster is in an intergenic region between CUB and Sushi multiple domains 3 (−1.43 Mb) and trichorhinophalangeal syndrome I (+542 kb). RNA sequencing in this region identified a potential novel open-reading frame corresponding to a long interspersed element-1 retrotransposable element. Genetic variation in an intergenic region of chromosome 8 is associated with increased risk for NEC with a mechanism that is yet to be identified.
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners in Special Education: English Learners:

The multidimensional issue of the representation of diverse students in special education has been a persistent and challenging concern for decades. Overwhelmingly, research outlining racial and et...
Characterizing the Saddlebag Deformity After Lower Body Lift.

Background One of the commonly cited sequelae of lower body lift is recurrence of the saddlebag deformity. However, there are currently no data that characterize the evolution of the saddlebag following lower body lift, nor is there a classification scheme to objectively quantify the severity of the deformity. Objectives The authors aimed to develop a grading scale to score the severity of the saddlebag deformity and, using this, determine the short- and long-term changes in the saddlebag following lower body lift. Methods Using the Pittsburgh Rating Scale, the Pittsburgh Saddlebag Rating Scale, a 4-point Likert scale, was developed to score the saddlebag deformity. Patients who underwent lower body lifts were parsed from a prospectively maintained database. Two educated observers independently reviewed both preoperative and postoperative photographs and graded the saddlebag deformity according to the Pittsburgh Saddlebag Rating Scale. Results Seventy-nine patients met inclusion criteria, including 5 males and 74 females. The average saddlebag score preoperatively was 1.34, while the average scores at short- and long-term follow up were 1.28 and 1.42, respectively. No significant differences in saddlebag severity scores were noted between preoperative and short- or long-term postoperative time points (P > 0.05). Conclusions This is the first study to objectively demonstrate the postoperative changes in the saddlebag following lower body lift. Results demonstrated that lower body lift does not effectively treat the saddlebag as the deformity only slightly improved in the short-term window but recurred within a year of surgery. Level of Evidence 4
Hidden Vulnerabilities in the Water-Energy-Land-Food (WELF) Nexus

There is growing concern that traditional assessments focused on water resources alone ignore vulnerabilities related to water’s connections to food, energy, and land. The international trade in food includes embedded water, sometimes with unintended consequences. Water problems may appear in unexpected forms because of these interdependencies. The production of energy requires large volumes of water for cooling and turning turbines. Water shortages and disruptions from water-related events can interrupt power supplies with significant ramifications for the economy and society. Failure to account for the water consequences of land use decisions results in a governance gap between the land and water sectors. Vulnerabilities can occur in surprising and exaggerated ways in the water, energy, food, and land (WELF) systems that dominate today’s complex resource systems.
Measures of Efficiency for Triangulations

Computational experience with the fixed-point algorithms of Chapters IV and VII-IX has shown a considerable sensitivity to the triangulation used. Our aim in this chapter is to define some theoretical measures that we hope will predict the relative efficiencies of different triangulations.
SATL, Learning Theory, and the Physiology of Learning

Abstract It is argued that the demonstrable success of the Systemic Approach to Teaching and Learning (SATL) arises from the relationship of the SATL techniques to constructivist learning theory and the most current interpretation of brain function which, from one point of view, also operates on constructivist principles.
Swimmers' Compliance to Training as a Function of Observation: A Pilot Study.

ABSTRACTAdherence to prescribed training intensity (i.e., swim speed) has been conveyed as a key parameter regarding improvements in seasonal performance. Evidence has also suggested swimmers have difficulty complying with coach-prescribed training. How this compliance is affected by a coaching presence and oversight has yet to be examined. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine swimmers’ compliance to prescribed training intensity during 3 observational conditions using activity monitors. Method: Individualized prediction equations were created via linear regression analyses for intensity using arm-stroke and leg-kick activity counts during a series of seven 91.4-m swim bouts in a group of 17 collegiate swimmers. Equations were used to calculate intensity performed during a standardized training session during which only the observational condition varied (e.g., a coach present on deck, no coach present on deck, and an appointed observer in addition to the coach present on deck). Compliance ...
National trends in the emergency department management of adult patients with elevated blood pressure from 2005 to 2015.

Abstract Emergency department (ED)-based screening and referral of patients with elevated blood pressure (BP) are recommended by 2006 and 2013 American College of Emergency Physicians guidelines; however, it is unknown if these recommendations or disparities in care impact clinical practice. The objectives of the study were to assess temporal trends in antihypertensive prescriptions, outpatient follow-up referrals, and diagnosis of hypertension (HTN)/elevated BP and to identify potential disparities by patient characteristics. Using the 2005–2015 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, we examined the frequency and trends over time of antihypertensive prescriptions, outpatient follow-up referrals, and BP diagnoses for US ED visits by adult patients with an elevated triage BP and identified potential disparities in management by patient demography and socioeconomic status. Of the 594 million eligible ED visits by patients from 2005 to 2015, 1.2% (1.0%–1.4%) received antihypertensive prescriptions at discharge, 82.3% (80.0%–83.6%) outpatient follow-up referrals, and 2.1% (1.9%–2.4%) an HTN/elevated BP diagnosis. There were small annual increases over time in the odds of antihypertensive prescriptions at discharge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.05 [1.00–1.10]), follow-up referrals (aOR 1.04 [1.01–1.07]), and HTN/elevated BP diagnosis (aOR 1.05 [1.02–1.08]). For BPs ≥160/100 mm Hg, prescriptions were more common for Blacks (aOR 2.36 [1.93, 2.88]) and uninsured patients (aOR 1.81 [1.38, 2.38]), and diagnoses were more common for Blacks (aOR 1.95 [1.70, 2.24]) and uninsured patients (aOR 1.30 [1.09, 1.55]). These data suggest little change in and the need for improvement in the management of ED patients with elevated BP, despite the American College of Emergency Physicians guidelines, and raise concern about patient care disparities.
Variational Inequality Models of Instantaneous Dynamic User-Optimal Route Choice Problems

In this chapter, we present several variational inequality (VI) models for instantaneous dynamic user-optimal route choice problems for a network with multiple origin-destination pairs. In Section 12.1, a route-time-based VI model is first proposed. The equivalence of the VI model with the route-time-based instantaneous DUO route choice conditions is demonstrated. In order to generalize this route-based model, travelers are stratified into several groups and a multi-group route-cost-based VI model is developed in Section 12.2.
Abstract 3433: IL11 promotes the PhIP/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis

Inflammation of the large intestine, such as colitis, is known to increase the risk of colorectal cancer in human. The colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfite (DSS) has been shown to promote carcinogen- and genetic-induced colon tumorigenesis in rodent models. In a CYP1A-humanized (hCYP1A) mouse colon cancer model that we developed to study dietary carcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]-pyridine (PhIP), DSS-induced colitis was required for colon tumor development after the PhIP treatment. Nevertheless, the mechanism for DSS-induced colitis to promote carcinogenesis is not clear. To uncover the key cancer promotion factor induced by colitis is important in understanding the mechanism of colon cancer development. By investigating the gene expression profiles of PhIP/DSS-induced colon tumors and normal colon epithelium, we found that cytokine IL11 was significantly upregulated in all tumors. The elevated levels of IL11 are also found in the human colon cancer genomic data available in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), suggesting an important role of IL11 in human colon cancer. Consistently, the activation/phosphorylation of STAT3, a key downstream factor of IL11 signaling, was also positively identified in tumors but not the normal adjacent tissues. To investigate the role of IL11 signaling, we generated hCYP1A:IL11Rα1-/- mice for investigating the role of IL11 signaling in PhIP/DSS-induced carcinogenesis by crossing the IL11Rα1-/- mice with hCYP1A mice. These mice are infertile as the phenotype reported previously for the IL11Rα1 knockout mice, and need to be maintained through the breeding by the heterozygous. The experimental mice were maintained on the AIN93M diet. We found that the tumor incidence was reduced by 51.0% in hCYP1A:IL11Rα1+/- mice and 80.0% in hCYP1A:IL11Rα1-/- mice, suggesting that IL11 signaling plays critical roles in PhIP/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis. By immunohistochemical staining for pSTAT3, we found the pSTAT3 staining in the colitis epithelial tissues induced by the DSS treatment in both heterozygous and homozygous mice were significantly reduced; whereas the tissues from the wildtype mice displayed strong positive staining in the nucleus. IL11 signaling could be a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer prevention. (supported by the John L. Colaizzi Chair Endowment Fund and GI Pilot Study from Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA072720) Citation Format: Hong Wang, David Wang, Yuhai Sun, Xu Yang, Chung S. Yang. IL11 promotes the PhIP/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3433.
Phase I/II Study of Rituxan (R) in Combination with Doxil (D) in Patients (pts) with Relapsing or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma: Promising Early Results.

In the past, the most common initial combination chemotherapy regimen used by most oncologists to treat B-cell lymphoma was the CHOP regimen. Although doxorubicin (DOX) is a major component of CHOP, it is associated with myelosuppression, alopecia, and potential cardiotoxicity. In vitro data has demonstrated synergistic activity between rituximab and certain drugs, including DOX. Because of D’s unique liposomal encapsulation, delivery, and toxicity profile, it may prove to be a more effective, less toxic anthracycline to combine with R. A formal Phase I/II trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of R+D in pts with relapsing B-cell lymphoma was undertaken. R (375 mg/m 2 /dose) was given on day 1 and D (30 mg/m 2 /dose) on day 3 on q 21 day cycles for 6 cycles. Thirteen pts have completed therapy to date: 9F, 4M; Follicular lymphoma, grade 1 (n=6), grade 2 (n=1), grade 3 (n=3), DLBCL (n=3); med age = 63 (38–78); median number of prior Rx’s = 3 (range 1–8); prior anthracycline exposure (n=8). Overall, the combination of R + D was well-tolerated. Transient grade 3 cytopenias were noted in 3 pts with limited bone marrow reserve and grade 3 palmar/plantar erythrodysesthesia seen in 2 pts. All 13 pts completed the planned 6 courses of Rx. Objective responses were seen in 85% (11 of 13 pts), including 54% CR, 31% PR. Median time-to-progression has not been reached at 7+ months (range 4.5+ to 19+ months). No cardiac toxicity was seen and comparison of pre-Rx to post-Rx LVEF remained unchanged in 9, increased in 2, and decreased in 2 (yet still remaining > 50%). D + R immunochemotherapy is a well-tolerated, unique, non-cardiotoxic, and apparently effective salvage therapy for relapsed B-cell lymphoma. The study will continue until accrual of 42 pts has been reached.
Teaching About Gender Harassment: An Experiential Approach:

The prevalence of sexual harassment in the workplace has become more visible thanks to the #MeToo movement. For college students about to enter the workforce, it is important to understand and lear...
Combining Stokes and anti-Stokes interactions to achieve ultra-low noise dynamic Brillouin strain sensing

Brillouin based fiber sensors are susceptible to a range of technical and environmental noise sources that can degrade the sensor performance or introduce unacceptable levels of crosstalk. Here, we introduce a new measurand that combines information from the complex Stokes and anti-Stokes interactions to extract the Brillouin frequency shift while suppressing noise and crosstalk originating from fluctuations in the power, frequency, or polarization state of the pump and probe beams. We then present a modified slope-assisted Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) architecture capable of simultaneously recording the gain, loss, and phase associated with both the Stokes and anti-Stokes interactions. We experimentally confirm that the sensor is able to reject noise due to laser frequency jitter, intensity noise, or polarization fading and is immune to crosstalk due to effects such as pump depletion. By suppressing these noise sources, the sensor is able to achieve a minimum detectable strain of only 15.6 ne/Hz1/2 in ∼1 km of fiber with 4 m spatial resolution and a sensor bandwidth of 25 kHz, representing a significant noise improvement compared to state-of-the-art BOTDA systems.