cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
If the Tide is Rising, Who Pays for the Ark?

Sea-level rise driven by the effects of greenhouse gas emissions is already driving significant and costly impacts to public and private coastal property owners, with future impacts likely to be immense. We examine legal frameworks in which remedies for these impacts and costs may be addressed. Our analysis focuses on remedies available through application of the common law concepts of nuisance and trespass. We argue that the common law provides mechanisms for restraining future impacts while assigning responsibility for real costs for receptors of these impacts to the generators of the causative pollutants.
Object views: fine-grained sharing in browsers

Browsers do not currently support the secure sharing of JavaScript objects between principals. We present this problem as the need for object views, which are consistent and controllable versions of objects. Multiple views can be made for the same object and customized for the recipients. We implement object views with a JavaScript library that wraps shared objects and interposes on all access attempts. The security challenge is to fully mediate access to objects shared through a view and prevent privilege escalation. We discuss how object views can be deployed in two settings: same-origin sharing with rewriting-based JavaScript isolation systems like Google Caja, and inter-origin sharing between browser frames over a message-passing channel.To facilitate simple document sharing, we build a policy system for declaratively defining policies for document object views. Notably, our document policy system makes it possible to hide elements without breaking document structure invariants. Developers can control the fine-grained behavior of object views with an aspect system that accepts programmatic policies.
Categorical and Noncategorical Teacher Certification in Special Education How Wide Is the Gap

A nationwide study examining the trend toward or away from categorical teacher certification in special education was conducted. Responses from both state directors of special education and state certification officers were obtained at a rate of 100% and 98%, respectively. Some discrepancies between responses from state officials were noted. Although states offering categorical certification alone outnumber those offering only noncategorical certification, the results of this study indicate a trend toward noncategorical models, as well as wide variation from state to state. Specific recommendations emphasizing interagency collaboration and task force sponsorship are included.
PERCEPTION OF CHOICE AND LOCUS OF CONTROL

-Ss high in either internal or external locus of control as measured by Rotter's I-E Scale were given 3 levels of choice to take the role of either the electric shock-giver or receiver in a learning experiment. l he perceived freedom of choice in those conditions in which choice was restricted turned out to be a complex function of locus of control, choice condition, and task role. A tentative explanation is offered in terms of both dissonance and reactance theories.
Assessing Secondary Science Students' Knowledge of Molecule Movement, Concentration Gradients, and Equilibrium through Multiple Contexts.

Background: Studies have shown that students’ knowledge of osmosis and diffusion and the concepts associated with these processes is often inaccurate. This is important to address, as these concepts not only provide the foundation for more advanced topics in biology and chemistry, but are also threaded throughout both state and national science standards.Purpose: In this study, designed to determine the completeness and accuracy of three specific students’ knowledge of molecule movement, concentration gradients, and equilibrium, I sought to address the following question: Using multiple evaluative methods, how can students’ knowledge of molecule movement, concentration gradients, and equilibrium be characterized?Sample: This study focuses on data gathered from three students – Emma, Henry, and Riley – all of whom were gifted/honors ninth-grade biology students at a suburban high school in the southeast United States.Design and Methods: Using various qualitative data analysis techniques, I analyzed multipl...
Localization of a Tumor Suppressor Gene in 11p15.5 Using the G401 Wilms' Tumor Assay

Multiple studies have underscored the importance of loss of tumor suppressor genes in the development of human cancer. To identify these genes, we used somatic cell hybrids in a functional assay for tumor suppression in vivo. A tumor suppressor gene in 11p15.5 was detected by transferring single human chromosomes into the G401 Wilms' tumor cell line. In order to better map this gene, we created a series of radiation-reduced t(X;11) chromosomes and characterized them at 24 loci between H-RAS and beta-globin. Interestingly, three of the chromosomes were indistinguishable as determined by genomic and cytogenetic analyses. Each contains an interstitial deletion with one breakpoint in 11p14.1 and the other breakpoint between the D11S601 and D11S648 loci in 11p15.5. PFGE analysis localized the 11p15.5 breakpoints to a 175 kb MluI fragment that hybridized to D11S601 and D11S648 probes. Genomic fragments from this 175 kb region were hybridized to DNA from mouse hybrid lines containing the delta t(X;11) chromosomes. This analysis detected the identical 11p15.5 breakpoint which disrupts a 7.8 kb EcoRI fragment in all three of the delta t(X;11) chromosomes, suggesting they are subclones of the same parent colony. Upon transfer into G401 cells, one of the chromosomes suppressed tumor formation in nude mice, while the other two chromosomes lacked this ability. Thus, our mapping data indicate that the gene in 11p15.5 which suppresses tumor formation in G401 cells must lie telomeric to the D11S601 locus. Koi et al. (Science 260: 361-364, 1993) have used a similar functional assay to localize a growth suppressor gene for the RD cell line centromeric to the D11S724 locus. The combination of functional studies by our lab and theirs significantly narrows the location of the tumor suppressor gene in 11p15.5 to the approximately 500 kb region between D11S601 and D11S724.
The Physical Tourist : A European Study Course ()

We organized and led a European study course for American undergraduate university students to explore the early history of relativity and quantum theory. We were inspired by The Physical Tourist articles published in this journal on Munich, Bern, Berlin, Copenhagen, and Gottingen. We describe this adventure both for others wishing to teach such a course and for anyone wishing to walk in the footsteps of the physicists who revolutionized physics in the early decades of the twentieth century.
A Dynamic Approach for Managing Stakeholder Credentials for Lightweight, Collaborative, Requirements Elicitation

As software projects increase in size and complexity, and involve stakeholders across geographic and organizational boundaries, it becomes increasingly important to develop new approaches and tools for supporting distributed, collaborative and scalable requirements elicitation processes. Such processes and related tools must support relatively open and inclusive collaborations, while simultaneously constraining stakeholders' contributions according to their areas and levels of expertise. This position paper proposes a new approach that uses information retrieval methods and group dynamics to manage stakeholder credentials and provide access permissions in a dynamically evolving, open-access, requirements elicitation process.
Posing: The Sociological Routine of a Serial Killer

This paper describes the serial killer Ronald Dominique. Ronald killed at least 23 men in southeast Louisiana between 1997 and 2006. The author of this paper served as a mitigation investigator/expert on his case and has worked in over 300 criminal cases since 1988, most of which were capital murder, but also include second degree murder, manslaughter, armed robbery, rape, and habitual offender hearings. In his capacity as a mitigation investigator he interviewed Ronald multiple times and his friends and family on several occasions. This author examines Ronald’s victims; the acts which killed them; Ronald’s life; and how others saw him. The literature on serial killers is discussed and applied to Ronald crimes and his life. Ronald was gay and his victims were either gay or hustlers who were willing to have sex with gay men for money. Using several theories, the author discusses explanations for serial murder. Implications for police investigators are discussed.
Prognostic Value and Function of KLF4 in Prostate Cancer: RNAa and Vector-Mediated Overexpression Identify KLF4 as an Inhibitor of Tumor Cell Growth and Migration

KLF4/GLKF4 is a transcription factor that can have divergent functions in different malignancies. The role of KLF4 in prostate cancer etiology remains unclear. We have recently reported that small double-stranded RNA can induce gene expression by targeting promoter sequence in a phenomenon referred to as RNA activation (RNAa). In this study, we examine KLF4 levels in prostate cancer tissue and utilize RNAa as a tool for gene overexpression to investigate its function. Expression analysis indicated that KLF4 is significantly downregulated in prostate cancer cell lines compared with nontumorigenic prostate cells. Meta-analysis of existing cDNA microarray data also revealed that KLF4 is frequently depleted in prostate cancer tissue with more pronounced reduction in metastases. In support, tissue microarray analysis of tumors and patient-matched controls indicated downregulation of KLF4 in metastatic tumor samples. Logistic regression analysis found that tumors with a KLF4 staining score less than 5 had a 15-fold higher risk for developing metastatic prostate cancer (P = 0.001; 95% confidence interval, 3.0–79.0). In vitro analysis indicated that RNAa-mediated overexpression of KLF4 inhibited prostate cancer cell proliferation and survival and altered the expression of several downstream cell-cycle–related genes. Ectopic expression of KLF4 via viral transduction recapitulated the RNAa results, validating its inhibitory effects on cancer growth. Reactivation of KLF4 also suppressed migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells. These results suggest that KLF4 functions as an inhibitor of tumor cell growth and migration in prostate cancer and decreased expression has prognostic value for predicting prostate cancer metastasis. Cancer Res; 70(24); 10182–91. ©2010 AACR.
Physical Therapy for Facial Paralysis: A Tailored Treatment Approach

Background and Purpose. Bell palsy is an acute facial paralysis of unknown etiology. Although recovery from Bell palsy is expected without intervention, clinical experience suggests that recovery is often incomplete. This case report describes a classification system used to guide treatment and to monitor recovery of an individual with facial paralysis. Case Description. The patient was a 71-year-old woman with complete left facial paralysis secondary to Bell palsy. Signs and symptoms were assessed using a standardized measure of facial impairment (Facial Grading System [FGS]) and questions regarding functional limitations. A treatment-based category was assigned based on signs and symptoms. Rehabilitation involved muscle re-education exercises tailored to the treatment-based category. Outcomes. In 14 physical therapy sessions over 13 months, the patient had improved facial impairments (initial FGS score=17/100, final FGS score=68/100) and no reported functional limitations. Discussion. Recovery from Bell palsy can be a complicated and lengthy process. The use of a classification system may help simplify the rehabilitation process.
Linkage mechanics and power amplification of the mantis shrimp's strike

Mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda) generate extremely rapid and forceful predatory strikes through a suite of structural modifications of their raptorial appendages. Here we examine the key morphological and kinematic components of the raptorial strike that amplify the power output of the underlying muscle contractions. Morphological analyses of joint mechanics are integrated with CT scans of mineralization patterns and kinematic analyses toward the goal of understanding the mechanical basis of linkage dynamics and strike performance. We test whether a four-bar linkage mechanism amplifies rotation in this system and find that the rotational amplification is approximately two times the input rotation, thereby amplifying the velocity and acceleration of the strike. The four-bar model is generally supported, although the observed kinematic transmission is lower than predicted by the four-bar model. The results of the morphological, kinematic and mechanical analyses suggest a multi-faceted mechanical system that integrates latches, linkages and lever arms and is powered by multiple sites of cuticular energy storage. Through reorganization of joint architecture and asymmetric distribution of mineralized cuticle, the mantis shrimp's raptorial appendage offers a remarkable example of how structural and mechanical modifications can yield power amplification sufficient to produce speeds and forces at the outer known limits of biological systems.
Effects of View of Life and Selection Bias on Emotional Memory in Old Age

Many studies have documented that we remember less negative information as we grow older. The present study examined the effects of view of life and selection bias on this positivity effect using an emotional picture memory task. Young adults were tested in the laboratory, and older adults were either tested in the laboratory or at home. Results confirmed a positivity effect in old age. Selection bias and view of life did not significantly influence older adults’ emotional memory as predicted. Metamemory, however, was affected by selection bias: Older adults tested in the laboratory had higher self-rated memory scores than those who tested at home.
Improving Value in Health Care--Against the Annual Physical.

Annual physicals do not reduce morbidity or mortality, and they waste time and money. To address their overuse, relationship-building visits could be created, preventive care could be updated in other ways, and reimbursement could be changed accordingly.
Interannual Variations in the Southwest U.S. Monsoon and Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies: A General Circulation Model Study

The interannual variability in the southwest U.S. monsoon and its relationship to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies is investigated via experiments conducted with the University of California, Los Angeles, atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). When the model is run without interannual variations in SSTs at the lower boundary, the simulation of the climatological mean monsoon is quite similar to the observed. In addition, the interannual precipitation variance and wet minus dry monsoon composite differences in the precipitation and monsoon circulation are largely realistic. When interannual variations in SSTs are introduced, the simulated interannual precipitation variance over the southwest U.S. monsoon region does not increase. Nor do SSTs seem to be important in selecting for wet or dry monsoons in this simulation, as there is little correspondence between observed wet and dry monsoon years and simulated wet and dry years. These results were confirmed through a 20-member ensemble of shorter seasonal simulations forced by an SST anomaly field corresponding to that observed for a wet minus dry southwest U.S. monsoon composite. When the AGCM is coupled to a mixed-layer ocean model, the pattern of SST anomalies generated in association with wet and dry monsoons is remarkably similar to that observed: there is a large area of positive SST anomalies in the subtropical eastern Pacific Ocean and weaker negative anomalies in the midlatitude North Pacific and Gulf of Mexico. It is demonstrated that the SST anomalies in the Pacific Ocean are forced by anomalies in the net surface solar radiative flux from the atmosphere associated with variations in planetary boundary layer stratus clouds; these variations are enhanced by a positive feedback between SST and stratus cloud variations. The anomalies in the Gulf of Mexico are associated with anomalous latent heat fluxes there. It is concluded that internal atmospheric variations are capable of 1) producing interannual variations in the southwest U.S. monsoon that are comparable to those observed, and 2) thermodynamically forcing the SST anomalies in the adjacent Pacific Ocean and Gulf of Mexico that are observed to accompany these variations. The implications of these results for seasonal forecasting are rather pessimistic since variations associated with internal atmospheric processes cannot be predicted on seasonal timescales.
Polyphase deformation, dynamic metamorphism, and metasomatism of Mount Everest’s summit limestone, east central Himalaya, Nepal/Tibet

New samples collected from a transect across the summit limestone of Mount Everest (Qomolangma Formation) show that multiple distinct deformational events are discretely partitioned across this formation. Samples from the highest exposures of the Qomolangma Formation (Everest summit) preserve a well-developed mylonitic foliation and microstructures consistent with deformation temperatures of ≥250 °C. Thermochronologic and microstructural results indicate these fabrics were ingrained during initial contractile phases of Himalayan orogenesis, when crustal thickening was accommodated by folding and thrusting of the Tethyan Sedimentary Sequence. In contrast, samples from near the base of the Qomolangma Formation (South Summit) preserve extensional shear deformation, indicate metasomatism at temperatures of ∼500 °C, and contain a synkinematic secondary mineral assemblage of muscovite + chlorite + biotite + tourmaline + rutile. Shear fabrics preserved in South Summit samples are associated with activity on the Qomolangma detachment, while the crystallization of secondary phases was the result of reactions between the limestone protolith and a volatile, boron-rich fluid that infiltrated the base of the Qomolangma Formation, resulting in metasomatism. The 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of synkinematic muscovite indicates the secondary assemblage crystallized at ca. 28 Ma and that shear fabrics were ingrained at ≥18 Ma. This paper presents the first evidence that Everest’s summit limestone records multiple phases of deformation associated with discrete stages in Himalayan orogenesis, and that the structurally highest strand of the South Tibetan detachment on Everest was initially active as a distributed shear zone before it manifested as a discrete brittle detachment at the base of the Qomolangma Formation.
A Psychiatric Nurse's Role

1. Homelessness in America is a result of complex social, political, and economic forces; approximately one third to one half of the homeless have severe emotional problems. 2. The person with chronic mental illness who is also homeless will face numerous obstacles when the need for psychiatric care arises. 2. The person with chronic mental illness who is also homeless will face numerous obstacles when the need for psychiatric care arises. 3. The federal government is beginning to address the problems of the homeless chronically mentally ill population by establishing pilot programs in Veterans Administration hospitals. 4. The psychiatric nurse is in a unique position to provide services to those who are homeless and mentally ill.
Vitamins and Minerals

The importance of vitamin and mineral supplementation for persons who have cystic fibrosis (CF) is well established. Prior to the widespread availability of newborn screening, symptoms of overt vitamin or mineral deficiencies often were initial signs indicative of the CF diagnosis. Low vitamin serum levels continue to be seen, but signs of overt deficiency are infrequent and descriptions often are published as case reports. The introduction of CF-specific multivitamin supplements coupled with improved pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) has contributed to the reduction in the incidence and prevalence of deficiencies. First table lists the nutrient content of currently available CF-specific multivitamins with zinc. The content of CF-specific vitamins has evolved since their introduction over 20 years ago resulting in improvement of targeted micronutrient serum levels.
Pancreatic stem cells: Differentiation options

Available evidence strongly suggests that different cell types in pancreas are capable of undergoing transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation. Evidence also strongly supports the existence of stem cells in both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. In the rat copper dificiency model, dormant stem cells present in the ductal and ductular system can be stimulated to proliferate and they have been shown to clearly differentiate into hepatocytes, a cell type not normally present in pancreas. Putative stem cells derived from the pancreas of rats after prolonged copper deficiency, can be easily grown in culture, but there is need to identify appropriate signals and defined culture conditions that can direct the in a reproducible fashion to differentiate into a specific cell type such as β-cells or liver cells. When these specific signaling molecules are identified pancreatic stem cells will be a source of an unlimited supply of self-renewable cells for transplantation. Although, the existence of pancreatic stem cells is being increasingly accepted and their multidirectional differentiation potential is recognized, their role, if any, in pancreatic cancer development remains to be clarified and investigated.
Well-Rounded Figures

Yves Nievergelt (ynievergelt@ewu.edu) completed his diploma in mathematics from the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (Switzerland) in Decemberof 1976, then earned a Ph.D. in several complex variables under the guidance of James R. King at the University of Washington in 1984. Since 1985, he has been teaching complex analysis and numerical analysis at Eastern Washington University, where he likes to emphasize the precise connections and mutual influences between real applications and abstract theories in mathematics.
The African Development Bank and infant mortality: A cross-national analysis of structural adjustment and investment lending from 1990 to 2006

We conduct a cross-national analysis to examine the effects of different forms of African Development Bank (AfDB) on infant mortality. We analyze data on 31 countries from the period 1990–2006 usin...
The Role of Cross-Understanding in Teamwork: New Empirical Evidence

Cross-understanding, the extent to which team members possess accurate understandings of other members’ mental models, has the potential to explain how teams overcome differences, share critical ta...
232 UNRAVELING THE BARRIERS TO EXCELLENCE IN RESIDENTS' TEACHING: A NEEDS ASSESSMENT USING THE NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE TO IDENTIFY CONTENT AND FORMAT FOR A RESIDENTS AS TEACHERS AND LEADERS (RATL) PROGRAM.

Purpose Residents are responsible for the majority of medical student teaching and directly supervise, instruct, and evaluate students. Residents also serve as important role models. The LCME and other organizations now recommend that resident training programs include more venues specifically designed to develop resident teaching skills. To create a Residents as Teachers and Leaders (RATL) Program that may be applied across all resident specialty training, we used a nominal group technique (NGT) to identify and rank the content and best delivery format for such a program. Methods We enlisted the help of all seven core student rotation residency program directors from Baylor College of Medicine. They recommended new PGY 2 residents from each program to make up an interdisciplinary group of residents to participate in a small-group needs assessment using NGT. The 2-hour session was composed of part 1, a large group overview, and part 2, two small groups using an NGT focusing on either content or format. Residents were randomly assigned to either the content or format group. Results Sixteen new PGY 2 residents participated in the 2-hour session and represented residency programs in internal medicine, pediatrics, surgery, and psychiatry. Nine residents participated in the content group and seven residents in the format group. The content group identified 52 items, clarified and grouped these items into 50, and ranked 26. They ranked items as important and necessary in a RATL program. The format group identified 38 items clarified and grouped them 15 and ranked and regrouped 9 items into 3. Residents identified 12 items and ranked 3 items they wish to exclude. Conclusions Using an NGT, we identified key content areas and formatting issues to help in the development of a RATL program for Baylor. This technique was very effective in generating ideas and ensuring equal participation within the group and equal representation of each member9s opinions.
Thinking of strengthening capital construction finance management for an appropriation unit

There has been problems,such as weakening management,nonstandard operation and being not suit-able for reform requirement while capital construction finance joints with corporation finance since the new ac-counting standard was implemented,thus,it is essential to reform and strengthen it.The appropriation unit should strengthen and perfect capital investment management in all aspects of finance management for saving construction funds,controlling construction costs and improving return on investment.
Complications of a Single Stage Radical Cystectomy and Ileal Conduit Diversion: Review of 214 Cases

AbstractSingle stage radical cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion were performed on 214 patients for treatment of bladder carcinoma. The over-all operative mortality rate was only 3.3 per cent. Early complications occurred in 27.6 per cent of the patients and late complications were noted in 41.1 per cent of the patients followed 6 months or longer. We refute recent arguments for staged procedures as a necessity for reducing operative mortality and morbidity
High-efficiency silicon RF power amplifier design – current status and future outlook

Silicon RF power amplifiers (PAs) are in various RF front end modules (FEMs) today for handset and WLAN applications. Even though III-V semiconductor-based RF PAs can still offer superior frequency and breakdown performance with higher Pout and power-added-efficiency (PAE) and faster time-to-market, silicon-based RF PAs do have the advantages in offering higher monolithic integration with added functionalities (e.g., on-chip digital control and selection on power level, modulation, frequency band, matching, predistortion, etc.), which can translate to lower cost and smaller sizes attractive for broadband multi-mode multi-band handset transmitters. Therefore, some key techniques for designing high-efficiency 4G/5G/WLAN broadband wireless silicon PAs will be discussed.
Negative Special Items, Tax Rates, and the Income-Transfer Hypothesis

Burgstahler, Jiambalvo, and Shevlin (2002) evaluate the implications of special items for future earnings and report evidence consistent with the notion that firms use negative special items to accelerate the recognition of future period expenses. That is, negative special items serve as an income-transfer device. In this analysis, we examine additional predictions suggested by this income-transfer hypothesis not considered in their analysis. Specifically do the augmented future income values they report decline in future quarters as the transfer effect dissipates? Contrary to this prediction, we find that future income values increase in post-special-item quarters beyond the four quarters considered in Burgstahler et al. (2002). Thus, our results are more consistent with real future rewards to costly short-term business decisions than with income-transfer. We also find that the tax rate assumptions made in the Burgstahler et al. (2002) greatly impact the magnitude of the estimated special items future income effect. Utilizing an empirically derived tax rate, we find that the magnitudes of income increases associated with the recognition of negative special items are substantially smaller than those they report.
The effect of violent crime on the human capital accumulation of young adults

Abstract This paper estimates the effect of an unprecedented increase of drug-related violence in Mexico on the educational outcomes and employment behavior of young adults. The panel nature and the timing of the Mexican Family Life Survey allows for unique gains in this literature, as we can compare pre- and post-violence outcomes of the same individual, and control for migratory response. The results suggest that young adults exposed to increased local violence attained significantly less years of education, were less likely to complete compulsory schooling, and were more likely to be employed. This change in behavior is driven by household financial hardship rather than fear, as it is unrelated to the parents’ perceptions of potential victimization and is strongest for those with parents that are self-employed, the employment group most adversely economically impacted by the Mexican War on Drugs.
Insulin’s direct hepatic effect explains the inhibition of glucose production caused by insulin secretion

Insulin can inhibit hepatic glucose production (HGP) by acting directly on the liver as well as indirectly through effects on adipose tissue, pancreas, and brain. While insulin’s indirect effects are indisputable, their physiologic role in the suppression of HGP seen in response to increased insulin secretion is not clear. Likewise, the mechanisms by which insulin suppresses lipolysis and pancreatic α cell secretion under physiologic circumstances are also debated. In this study, insulin was infused into the hepatic portal vein to mimic increased insulin secretion, and insulin’s indirect liver effects were blocked either individually or collectively. During physiologic hyperinsulinemia, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and glucagon levels were clamped at basal values and brain insulin action was blocked, but insulin’s direct effects on the liver were left intact. Insulin was equally effective at suppressing HGP when its indirect effects were absent as when they were present. In addition, the inhibition of lipolysis, as well as glucagon and insulin secretion, did not require CNS insulin action or decreased plasma FFA. This indicates that the rapid suppression of HGP is attributable to insulin’s direct effect on the liver and that its indirect effects are redundant in the context of a physiologic increase in insulin secretion.
Indexing Public-Private Graphs

We consider the reachability indexing problem for private-public directed graphs. In these graphs nodes come in three flavors: public--nodes visible to all users, private--nodes visible to a specific set of users, and protected--nodes visible to any user who can see at least one of the node's parents. We are interested in computing the set of nodes visible to a specific user online. There are two obvious algorithms: precompute the result for every user, or run a reachability algorithm at query time. This paper explores the trade-off between these two strategies. Our approach is to identify a set of additional visible seed nodes for each user. The online reachability algorithm explores the graph starting at these nodes. We first formulate the problem as asymmetric k-center with outliers, and then give an efficient and practical algorithm. We prove new theoretical guarantees for this problem and show empirically that it performs very well in practice.
Examination of the Thermocline

A mathematical model is used to simulate the development of a thermocline in a relatively quiescent body of water. A sensitivity analysis is performed on the light extinction coefficient and the thermal diffusivity to demonstrate the relative importance of each. Using measurements collected from Pend Oreille Lake in northern Idaho, a simulation is obtained. The Runge Kutta technique used to solve the diffusion type equation indicates the light extinction coefficient to be of primary importance.
The subject of psychology: A Lacanian critique

This paper provides an overview of Jacques Lacan's views on psychology, paying particular attention to how such critiques support a distinctively Lacanian view of the subject. Lacan attacked various facets of psychology, including: psychology's objectifying (and objectivistic) tendencies; the discipline's historical attempt to model itself on the natural sciences; its conceptual and practical prioritizations of the ego and consciousness; its frequent prioritization of developmental, biological and physiological paradigms above a careful analysis of the structures and operations of language and speech. The aim of the paper is not to systematically work through Lacan's various criticisms, still less to refute them. Ultimately, Lacan's historical attacks against psychology—apposite as they are—have their greatest value in helping us to strike some distance from commonplace assumptions and psychological assumptions about the nature of the subject.
Radiation induced pulmonary fibrosis as a model of progressive fibrosis: Contributions of DNA damage, inflammatory response and cellular senescence genes.

ABSTRACTPurpose/Aim of Study: Studies of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have resulted in DNA damage, inflammatory response, and cellular senescence being widely hypothesized to play a role in the progression of the disease. Utilizing these aforementioned terms, genomics databases were interrogated along with the term, “pulmonary fibrosis,” to identify genes common among all 4 search terms. Findings were compared to data derived from a model of radiation-induced progressive pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) to verify that these genes are similarly expressed, supporting the use of radiation as a model for diseases involving PF, such as human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Materials and Methods: In an established model of RIPF, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 12.5 Gy thorax irradiation and sacrificed at 24 hours, 1, 4, 12, and 32 weeks following exposure, and lung tissue was compared to age-matched controls by RNA sequencing. Results: Of 176 PF associated gene transcripts identified by database interrogation, 146 (>82%...
How to Manage Complex Debilitated Syncope Patients when no Data Supports any Approach

Management of recurrent syncope can be challenging to both physicians as well as to the patients. With limited data showing the benefits of any of any particular treatment in patients with Neurocardiogenic syncope (NCS), therapy may not be successful in all cases and recurrence of syncope can be both frustrating for the patient as well as the treating physician. Physical injuries and substantial psychological issues resulting from these difficult to manage and recurrent episodes of syncope are commonly seen in these patients and can severely affect their quality of life. This article provides an overview of some probable cause of difficult to manage syncope, how to recognize them and outlines the use of some management strategies which we believe have worked well in these cases.
Utilization of VADs in children with restrictive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Are we there yet?

Abstract Pediatric Ventricular assist device (VAD) use in pediatrics has increased dramatically over the last decade. Over a quarter of children are currently supported with a VAD until a suitable organ becomes available. The majority of these patients have dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), though some have congenital heart disease, restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy remain difficult to support due to anatomic limitations and the limited number of devices currently available to children. This review discusses the past experience and potential for increased use of VADs in pediatric patients with RCM and HCM.
Transforming the Embodied Dispositions of Pre-Service Special Education Teachers

AbstractTeacher education programs seek to foster dispositions that welcome student differences in race, culture, language and ability. However, pre-service teachers’ dispositions are difficult to transform because they tend to be aligned with the field of schooling where differences are punished or excluded. This study examines an activity for transforming pre-service teachers’ communicative habitus that was inspired by Bourdieu’s theory that habitus or dispositions are unconsciously embodied and therefore require a bodily counter-training for change. The activity instructed 17 pre-service Special Education teachers to communicate an experience through sound alone rather than words in order to challenge teachers’ deeply embodied communicative norms and open them up to the possibilities of non-normative communication. Follow up discussions, written reflections and videotaped think-alouds provided opportunities for explicit pedagogy and reflection. In this article, we discuss findings and implications from...
Parameterization of Fuel-Optimal Synchronous Approach Trajectories to Tumbling Targets.

Docking with potentially tumbling Targets is a common element of many mission architectures, including on-orbit servicing and active debris removal. This paper studies synchronized docking trajectories as a way to ensure the Chaser satellite remains on the docking axis of the tumbling Target, thereby reducing collision risks and enabling persistent onboard sensing of the docking location. Chaser satellites have limited computational power available to them and the time allowed for the determination of a fuel optimal trajectory may be limited. Consequently, parameterized trajectories that approximate the fuel optimal trajectory while following synchronous approaches may be used to provide a computationally efficient means of determining near optimal trajectories to a tumbling Target. This paper presents a method of balancing the computation cost with the added fuel expenditure required for parameterization, including the selection of a parameterization scheme, the number of parameters in the parameterization, and a means of incorporating the dynamics of a tumbling satellite into the parameterization process. Comparisons of the parameterized trajectories are made with the fuel optimal trajectory, which is computed through the numerical propagation of Euler’s equations. Additionally, various tumble types are considered to demonstrate the efficacy of the presented computation scheme. With this parameterized trajectory determination method, Chaser satellites may perform terminal approach and docking maneuvers with both fuel and computational efficiency.
Effect of laser focus shift on surface quality and density of Inconel 718 parts produced via selective laser melting

Abstract Selective laser melting (SLM) is a method of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (AM) currently being pursued in numerous industries, including space launch and space flight. In this study we performed an extensive parameter development investigation to better understand the effect of laser parameters on surface roughness, density, and porosity of SLM Inconel 718 parts. Laser energy density was varied via laser focus shift, and the effects on porosity in both as-printed and post-HIP treated states were analyzed. Tensile testing was also conducted to investigate the effect of processing conditions on the mechanical properties of SLM 718. It was found that for these laser parameters, while the material met ultimate tensile strength and yield strength requirements per AMS 5662, the strain-to-failure was reduced with negative focus shift due to increases in porosity levels. It was also found that while correlations were observed between surface roughness, density, and porosity within the laser focus shift range investigated, porosity measurement appears to be the clearest indicator of build quality for AM processed 718.
Risk of long-term neuropsychiatric impairment in pediatric anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis (P3.197)

Objective: Characterization of functional outcomes in children with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Background: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis presents with motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms. There is limited data describing outcomes in pediatric populations. Design/Methods: Retrospective study of patients presenting to Texas Children’s Hospital between 2010 and 2016. Results: Nineteen patients were identified. The cohort was predominantly female (74%), Hispanic (68%) or African American (32%), and presented at a mean age of 9.8 years (1.5–17.9 years). 89% presented with neuropsychiatric dysfunction (agitation, confusion, or psychosis). Movement disorders occurred in 12 (63%) and seizures in 11 (58%). All but 1 patient received both corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin; 68% also received rituximab and 26% underwent plasma exchange. Mean duration of hospitalization was 38 days (6–128 days), with 47% requiring inpatient rehabilitation for a mean of 26 days (7–49 days). At discharge, 4 (21%) had complete recovery (normal mental status and neurological examination). The remaining 15 had neuropsychiatric deficits, including cognitive impairment, developmental regression, or mood dysregulation. Six (32%) also had chorea or impaired mobility. After discharge, patients were followed for a mean of 18 months (1–48 months), during which an additional 2 (11%) made full recovery. Three (16%) patients had residual motor symptoms at last follow-up. Eleven (58%) had neuropsychiatric impairments: 4 (21%) had attention deficits requiring stimulant medications, 5 (26%) had mood disorders (1 requiring inpatient psychiatric care), and 5 (26%) had cognitive impairments. Patients with residual cognitive or attention deficits at follow-up had a significantly longer initial hospitalization (mean 56 versus 26 days). Conclusions: A minority of pediatric patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis exhibit complete recovery at initial discharge. While motor symptoms improved during the initial 18 months of follow-up, the majority had residual neuropsychiatric dysfunction. It is unclear whether impairments will dissipate or if dysfunction reflects residual damage that warrants ongoing assessment and need for educational and psychiatric support. Disclosure: Dr. Nunneley has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lotze has nothing to disclose. Dr. Muscal has nothing to disclose.
The Importance of an Ordered Landscape at Pleasant Hill Shaker Village: Past and Present Issues

Pleasant Hill Shaker village in central Kentucky, an interpreted historic site open to the public for day visits, overnight lodging, and conferences, is a powerful and complex place to visit. As I have explored it archaeologically since the early 1990s, I have observed both a high density of architectural features and some very unusual ones. In this chapter, I try to find a context to better understand some unusual archaeological features at a washhouse at Pleasant Hill and to make sense of its overall gendered landscape. I begin with a brief historical overview of the community, followed by an analysis of the archaeological material and the new insights it provides. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the challenges in the preservation of the gendered landscape. Shaker communities are probably among the most well known of a host of communal and alternative communities founded in the United States in the nineteenth century. This familiarity may in part be related to their numerical prominence, with over 20 communities and over 6,000 active members. Most Shaker villages were organized in three to seven key communal families of up to 100 persons, with from several hundred to about 600 persons in total. Most of the communities were located in the northeast, though a few short-lived ones were in Florida or Georgia, and six long-term communities flourished in Kentucky, Ohio, or Indiana, which was termed the West by the Shakers (Stein 1992). The name Shakers (in reference to the frenzied movements during worship) was not of their choosing, though they did come to accept it. Their official name for themselves was The United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing. The development of the Shaker belief system and way of life in America (after origins as an offshoot from the Quakers in England at the end of the eighteenth century, see Stein 1992) is a subject too complex for this chapter, especially since Chapter 10 by
SATURN PROJECT STATUS

Survey of design advances in the saturn vehicle for boosting large payloads, discussing flight testing, various configurations and facilities
Postoperative pain management after sinus surgery: a survey of the American Rhinologic Society.

Background Postoperative pain management is controversial as there are no current guidelines to direct clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate prescribing patterns for pain management after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methods A 15-item web-based survey was electronically distributed to 1770 members of the American Rhinologic Society (ARS). Linear regression analysis was used to determine associations between providers and prescribing patterns. Results The survey was completed by 168 members (9.49%), representing all regions of the United States. The most commonly prescribed medications were opioid/non-opioid combination pills. One hundred fifty-seven of 168 members (94.05%) prescribed at least one kind of opioid after FESS, with an average of 27.38 pills. The majority of surveyed members worked in private or academic settings. Academic physicians were less likely to prescribe ibuprofen (p = 0.0407), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in general (p = 0.032). Physicians in private practice were less likely to refer patients to pain management (p = 0.0117), but more likely to refer patients to nontraditional forms of pain management (p = 0.0164). Academic physicians were more likely to refer patients to pain management (p = 0.00121). There was no association between perception of pain control and the prescription of NSAIDs or with number of opioid pills prescribed. Conclusion Most providers prescribed opioids after FESS. There was no significant difference in the number of opioids prescribed based on geography or practice setting. There was significant heterogeneity in the adjuvant pain management strategy between academic and private practitioners. Most members provided patient education and few reported poor pain control. However, there was a gap in understanding of appropriate medication disposal and evidence-based postoperative pain management.
The Benefits of Improved Information Literacy Skills on Student Writing Skills: Developing a Collaborative Teaching Model with Research Librarians in Undergraduate Social Work Education.

Improving the information literacy and writing skills of undergraduate social work students continues to be an issue for social work educators. In spite of the persistent concern, only a few studie...
Answering the Smartphones: Citizen Witness Activism and Police Public Relations

The dramatic proliferation of smart phones worldwide has fostered the growth of video activism as a check on government authority. Cop-watching, as it is known colloquially, is one such response in the U.S., where citizens are killed by police more often than in other democratic countries. Based on ethnographic and qualitative text analysis, this project examines the way video evidence has changed the discursive landscape for police officers, who are faced with an existential impetus to regain authority. The analysis suggests that a war-like metaphor fuels a broad range of official and unofficial responses, whether in high-brow public relations tactics or street-level violence. The grounded evidence from this project suggests that smart phone video influences not only news coverage about individual instances of violence but also societal discourses about police authority.