cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterizing In-Flight Temperature of Shaped Charge Penetrators in CTH

Abstract With the increasing use of hydrocodes in modelling and system design, benchmarking of software against experiments has become even more vital. While substantial work has been done in this regard, comparisons with temperature data within dynamic experiments are sparse due to experimental limitations. However, novel developments in measurement techniques has enabled the in-flight acquisition of hypervelocity projectile temperature, providing a new source for validation. This is achieved by tracking the decay of an induced magnetic field which is related to conductivity and further correlated to material temperature. As such, an AC-14 bare shaped charge with a copper lining is simulated using CTH, and benchmarked against experimental temperature results observed by Uhlig and Hummer. Particular attention was given to the slug temperature profiles after separation, and the effect of varying equation-of-state and strength models. Simulations are in agreement with experimental results, with a best case of under 2% error between the observed and simulated temperatures for this shaped charge setup. This varied notably (around 20% variance) depending on strength model. Jet structures compare well with radiographic images and are consistent with ALEGRA simulations previously conducted. SAND2017-3686C.
KBCommons: A multi ‘OMICS’ integrative framework for database and informatics tools

Advancement of next generation sequencing and high-throughput technologies has resulted in generation of multi-level of ‘OMICS’ data for many organisms. However, these data are often individually scattered across different repositories based on data type, making it difficult to integrate them. We have addressed this issue through our in-house developed Soybean Knowledge Base [1,2] (SoyKB) framework, a comprehensive web-based resource. It acts as a centralized repository for soybean multi-omics data, and is equipped with an array of bioinformatics analytical and graphical visualization tools. It is available at http://soykb.org and has proven to be a great success with more than 500 registered users. Users working on other biological organisms including plants, animals and biomedical diseases have similar needs and the developed framework can be expanded to make the visualization and analysis tools function for other organisms, without having to reinvent the wheel. To achieve this we have developed KBCommons, a platform that automates the process of establishing the database and making the tools for other organisms available via a dedicated web resource. It provides information for six entities including genes/proteins, microRNAs/sRNAs, metabolites, SNP, traits as well as plant introduction or strains/populations. It also incorporates several multi-omics datasets including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, epigenomics, molecular breeding and other types. We have currently expanded KBCommons framework and tools to Zea mays, Arabidopsis, Mus musculus and Homo sapiens. We have integrated various genomics dataset for maize including RNAseq B73 mutants and Tassel meristem from our collaborators. It provides a suite of tools such as the gene/metabolite pathway viewer, Protein Bio-Viewer, heatmaps, scatter plots and hierarchical clustering. It also provides access to PGen, Pegasus analytics workflows developed for genomics variations analysis. It also has suite of tools for differential expression analysis of transcriptomics and other multi-omics datasets including venn diagrams, volcano plots, function enrichment and gene modules.
Cu metal based radiotellurium separation from simulated and HEU process streams

Radioiodine interferes significantly in short-lived and low yield fission product detection by radiometric means. A simple method has been developed for removing radiotellurium and its radioiodine daughters from process HEU analyte streams. The method uses metallic copper relying on the electrochemical behavior between Cu and Te to deposit Te on the surface of Cu packed chromatography columns. Method development on stable metal samples exhibited > 93% Te removal from high HCl conditions (> 5 M). The method was applied to processed HEU streams providing > 90% Te removal (examining 129mTe and 132Te), and providing > 99.9% radioiodine removal (examining 131I and 132I).
The Chemical Transformations of Chromium in Natural Waters – A Model Study

A hybrid chemical kinetic and equilibrium model has been developed to quantitatively assess the dynamic oxidation-reduction (redox) transformations of chromium in natural waters. Simulations are conducted to examine the effects of 11 chemical and environmental parameters on the redox cycle between trivalent [Cr(III)] and hexavalent [Cr(VI)] chromium. Based on the model results, it is found that natural water serves as a reductive environment for chromium under typical conditions, since the common oxidants of Cr(III) (e.g., hydroxyl radical and manganese) do not convert chromium to Cr(VI) at significant rates because of their extremely low levels or slow oxidation kinetics. At low pH ( 6.0), ferrous iron [Fe(II)] becomes the predominant reductant. However, at pH greater than 8.0 and in the presence of dissolved oxygen (DO), Cr(VI) reduction by Fe(II) is greatly suppressed due to the rapid oxidation of Fe(II) by DO. Other reactive species such as hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•/O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) present in sunlit waters can indirectly affect the chromium redox cycle through their reactions with iron and S(IV). pH appears to be an important parameter, as it affects both chemical speciation and reaction kinetics. Chelating agents in natural waters should not significantly affect chromium redox transformations due to their usually low concentrations and generally weak interactions with Fe(II).
Xenograft Models of Human Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths among men in the Western world. Understanding the biology of CaP is essential to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. To do this effectively, researchers need access to cell lines, animal models, and biospecimens. Ideally, these should reflect characteristics of the disease from early diagnosis through the period of androgen-independent metastases. However, the biology of CaP is extraordinarily complex. The primary tumors are heterogeneous and multifocal. They almost uniformly produce a number of biomarkers, such as prostate-specific antigen, prostate acid phosphatase, human kallikrein 2, prostate-specific membrane antigen, and prostate stem cell antigen. The tumors are characteristically androgen dependent, and respond favorably to androgen ablation for a variable period, after which time, they progress to an androgen refractory state, wherein the low androgen levels are no longer growth inhibitory. Progression also involves metastases, primarily to the lymph nodes and bone. Unlike other epithelial tumors that metastasize to bone, CaP results in a notoriously osteoblastic response characterized by the formation of new bone. Thus, CaP presents to the investigator a very dynamic, biologically diverse set of characteristics during its course from early disease to bone metastases. Unfortunately, no single model mimics all of the features of human CaP, but by using a combination of models, nearly all of the biological characteristics can be studied to some degree.
Incorporation of anionic monomer to tune the reversible catechol-boronate complex for pH responsive, reversible adhesion

Up to 30 mol % of acrylic acid (AAc) was incorporated into a pH-responsive smart adhesive consisting of dopamine methacrylamide and 3-acrylamido phenylboronic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and rheometry confirmed that the incorporation of AAc shifted the pH of catechol–boronate complexation to a more basic pH. Correspondingly, adhesive formulations with elevated AAc contents demonstrated strong adhesion to quartz substrate at a neutral to mildly basic pH (7.5–8.5) based on Johnson–Kendall–Roberts contact mechanics test. When pH was further increased to 9.0, there was a drastic reduction in the measured work of adhesion (18- and 7-fold reduction compared to values measured at pHs 7.5 and 8.5, respectively) due to the formation of catechol–boronate complex. The complex remained reversible, and the interfacial binding property of the adhesive was successfully tuned with changing pH in successive contact cycles. However, an acidic pH (3.0) was required to break the catechol–boronate complex to...
Trends in surgery and disparities in receipt of surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the US: 2005-2014.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) is a malignancy with an increasing incidence. Surgery is the only treatment modality associated with long term survival. The objective of this study is to utilize a nationwide representative database to quantify the trends in incidence, and surgery for IHC in the United States from 2004–2014, as well as identify any disparities in the receipt of surgery. Methods: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of IHC between 2005 and 2014 were identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Trends in the number of IHC admissions and surgery procedures as well as outcomes were examined, and a multivariate analysis was used to determine the effects of demographic and clinical co-variables on resection rates. Results: An estimated total of 104, 045 IHC related admissions occurred between 2005 and 2014. The hospitalization rate for IHC increased by nearly 2-fold in 2014 [38.9 per 100,000 (95% CI, 35.7–42.2)] from 18.1 per 100,000 (95% CI, 15.8–20.3) in 2005. Liver resections increased 248% (P 80 years (OR =0.45; 95% CI, 0.33–0.60), Black race (OR =0.50; 95% CI, 0.39–063), Hispanic race (OR =0.59; 95% CI, 0.45–0.79), Medicaid insurance (OR =0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.79) and Elixhauser comorbidity score >3 (OR =0.58; 95% CI, 0.47–0.73) were associated with decreased rates of resection. Conclusions: Overall hospitalization and volume of surgery for IHC has increased dramatically over the past decade. There has been an increase in cost, decrease in LOS and inpatient mortality during the period. Socioeconomic and racial disparities were observed in the receipt of surgery for IHC. Additional work is needed to understand the complex interplay between socioeconomic status and race in in the treatment of IHC.
The Ethical Imperative of Caribbean Diasporic Writers in Market Aesthetics

Review of Elena Machado Saez, Market Aesthetics: The Purchase of the Past in Caribbean Diasporic Fiction. (Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia Press, 2015).
Abstracts Presented at the American Chemical Society National Meetings: Analysis of Their Characteristics

This paper analyzes the abstracts from the 244th – 248th American Chemical Society national meetings, 2012–2014 for the Divisions of Biological Chemistry and Organic Chemistry. The main objective o...
The Efficiency, Efficacy, and Retention of Motor Training in Chronic Stroke

In motor skill learning, the greater the dose of training, the greater the efficacy of training, the lower the efficiency of training, and the better the long-term retention. Whether such principles apply to motor training after stroke is unclear. Here, we developed novel mixed-effects models of the change in the quality of arm movements during and following training fitted to data from a recent randomized controlled trial of the effect of the dose of training in chronic stroke. Analysis of the learning and retention rates of the model demonstrated an increase in efficacy of training with greater doses, a decrease in efficiency of training with both additional doses and additional bouts of training, and fast initial decay following training. Two additional effects modulated retention: a positive self-training effect, and an unexpected negative effect of dose. Our results suggest that for patients with sufficient arm use post-training, self-training will further improve use, but additional therapy may be in vain.
Gamma-delta mycosis fungoides in a posttransplant patient

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a clonal T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the skin that accounts for an estimated 50% to 60% of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) cases.1,2 The gamma-delta (γδ) subtype of MF (GD-MF) is a rare variant, with only a few cases reported in the literature and only 1 in a patient after solid organ transplant.3 Here we present a case of GD-MF developing after liver transplantation in an older man.
Analysis of the Impact of Different Reactive Power Compensation Devices on HVDC System Rectifier Station Power System Automation

With the large-scale operation of UHVDC transmission project and the rapid development of new energy sources, the problem of voltage stability in power system is becoming more and more prominent. As the main reactive compensation devices at present, synchronous phase modulator, static var compensator and static synchronous compensator have important influence on increasing the strength of weak AC system at the sending end and improving the ability of system fault recovery. At present, the existing research mainly focuses on the HVDC system receiving-end power grid. In this paper, the dynamic reactive power compensation, fault recovery and voltage stability of HVDC transmission system with weak transmission terminal are analyzed by three kinds of reactive power compensation devices. The simulation results in this paper provide a reference for reactive power allocation of converter station.
Wave Equation Extraction from A Video Using Sparse Modeling

The identification of partial differential equations (PDEs) governing physical systems based solely on data recently has attracted significant research attention. Previous work in this area has concerned applications to notional or synthetic models or direct measurements of signals. For real signals, noise and missing data present significant obstacles to identification of PDEs. Further, indirect observations of dynamic systems, e.g. video data, present additional challenges which include the identification of the salient physical phenomena in the video frames. In this work, we use robust principal component analysis to extract the dynamic part of each frame in a water tank wave video and demonstrate a sparse-modeling method to extract the PDE governing the wave propagation in the video. From the video we correctly identify the wave equation and can extract the phase speed.
Mixed Signal and Power Semiconductor Technology for Industrial and Automotive Electronics

Innovations in multi-domain mixed signal integration are driving Industry 4.0 whereas significant improvements in power density and high voltage technology is enabling automotive systems like the 48V battery as well as EV/HEV. Though silicon is still the dominant semiconductor material, recent advances in wide band gap semiconductor technology have opened up the possibilities of more optimal system partition to achieve even higher power conversion efficiencies and densities with superior system reliability and diagnostics. This paper looks at some of the features and trends of integrated power technologies to achieve an overall optimal system performance
Beyond Fact-Checking: Lexical Patterns as Lie Detectors in Donald Trump’s Tweets

Journalists often debate whether to call Donald Trump’s falsehoods “lies” or stop short of implying intent. This article proposes an empirical tool to supplement traditional fact-checking methods and address the practical challenge of identifying lies. Analyzing Trump’s tweets with a regression function designed to predict true and false claims based on their language and composition, it finds significant evidence of intent underlying most of Trump’s false claims, and makes the case for calling them lies when that outcome agrees with the results of traditional fact-checking procedures.
Investigation of Complex Intermediates in Solvent-Mediated Synthesis of Thiophosphate Solid-State Electrolytes

Lithium thiophosphates represent a promising class of solid Li+ conductors for all-solid-state batteries. Scalable solvent-mediated synthesis routes for several Li–P–S ternary compounds have been r...
Associations Between Community Nutrition Environments and Early Care and Education Classroom Nutrition Practices

Objectives Poor child diet is influenced by nutrition environments surrounding schools and homes; influence of these environments on Early Care and Education (ECE) settings is not understood. The purpose of this study was to determine associations between community nutrition environments and ECE classroom nutrition practices, by ECE context [Head Starts, community-based childcare (CBCs), and family child care homes (FCCHs)].
Nf1 ; Trp53 mutant mice develop glioblastoma with evidence of strain-specific effects

Astrocytomas are the leading cause of brain cancer in humans. Because these tumours are highly infiltrative, current treatments that rely on targeting the tumour mass are often ineffective. A mouse model for astrocytoma would be a powerful tool for dissecting tumour progression and testing therapeutics. Mouse models of astrocytoma have been designed to express oncogenic proteins in astrocytes, but have had limited success due to low tumour penetrance or limited tumour progression. We present here a mouse model of astrocytomas involving mutation of two tumour-suppressor genes, Nf1 and Trp53. Humans with mutations in NF1 develop neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) and have increased risk of optic gliomas, astrocytomas and glioblastomas. The TP53 tumour suppressor is often mutated in a subset of astrocytomas that develop at a young age and progress slowly to glioblastoma (termed secondary glioblastomas, in contrast to primary glioblastomas that develop rapidly de novo). This mouse model shows a range of astrocytoma stages, from low-grade astrocytoma to glioblastoma multiforme, and may accurately model human secondary glioblastoma involving TP53 loss. This is the first reported mouse model of astrocytoma initiated by loss of tumour suppressors, rather than overexpression of transgenic oncogenes.
Semiautomated clone verification by real-time PCR using molecular beacons.

Conventional, high-throughput PCR analysis of common elements utilizing numerous primer sets and template DNA requires multiple rounds of PCR to ensure optimal conditions. Laborious gel electrophor...
Opportunity lost: end-of-life discussions in cancer patients who die in the hospital.

Most patients prefer to die at home, pain free and without the use of life-sustaining treatments1,2 yet the majority of patients with serious illness die in the hospital.3–5 When hospitalized patient die, the care is frequently focused on life-sustaining treatments6; pain, dyspnea, and agitation levels are higher when compared with patients who die in non-hospital settings.7–9 End-of-life discussions and their products (ie, advanced directives) can clarify treatment options with patients and family,10 and help ensure that patients receive care consistent with their beliefs.11–13 End-of-life discussions are associated with a decrease use of life-sustaining treatments, improved quality of life, and reduced costs of care.14,15 For the majority of patients dying of cancer, the first end-of-life discussion takes place in the hospital setting.16 Conducting end-of-life conversations in the hospital setting can be challenging. Patients are acutely ill and nearly 40% are incapable of making their own medical decisions.17 In order to participate in an end-of-life discussion, a physician must determine that a patient meets the 4 criteria of decisional capacity as outlined by Appelbaum and Grisso:18 Does the patient (1) communicate a clear and consistent choice; (2) understand the relevant information surrounding that decision; (3) appreciate the consequences of that decision; and (4) communicate reasoning for that decision?19 In practice, however, clinicians inaccurately assign capacity up to 25% of the time.17 When a physician determines, accurately or inaccurately, that the patient does not meet this standard for decisional capacity, discussions must be held instead with a surrogate decision-maker. Surrogate decision-making can make communication with the physician more difficult,20 delay important medical decisions,21 and be stressful on the decision-maker.22 To our knowledge, no studies have examined patient and surrogate participation in end-of-life discussions at the time of terminal hospitalization and its association with end-of-life treatments received. Our goals were to examine physician assessment of decisional capacity and the prevalence of end-of-life discussions during the terminal hospitalization of patients with advanced cancer. Our research questions were: (1) What proportion of patients were assessed to have decisional capacity by the clinical team at the time of their terminal hospital admission? (2) What proportion of these patients had a documented discussion about end-of-life care with the clinical team, and for what proportion was the conversation held instead by the patient’s surrogate decision-maker because the patient was considered to have lost decisional capacity? (3) Was patient participation in a discussion about end-of-life care associated with life-sustaining and palliative treatments received?
Direct Cost and Complications Associated With Total Joint Arthroplasty in Patients With Preoperative Anxiety and Depression.

Abstract Introduction The outcome of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) may be affected by numerous factors including the mental health status of patients and the presence of psychological disorders Therefore, the present study was designed and conducted to determine the impact of concomitant psychiatric disorders on the hospitalization charges and complications in patients with preoperative depression or anxiety undergoing TJA. Materials and Methods International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes were used to identify perioperative complications in patients with and without concomitant diagnosis of depression or anxiety who underwent TJA at our institution during 2009. Hospitalization charges and complications were compared for patients with and without depression or anxiety undergoing TJA. Results Respectively, 12.7% and 6.4% of knee and the hip arthroplasty patients had concomitant depression or anxiety. In the knee but not the hip group, the charge was $3420 higher in patients with depression/anxiety ( P Discussion Depression or anxiety was a predictor of increased complications after TJA. Therefore, patients with depression or anxiety undergoing TJA need to be counselled appropriately, and all efforts need to be invested to minimize complications and the added cost in these patients.
Interrupting the Intergenerational Transmission of Violence

Children exposed to domestic violence are at increased risk for a wide range of emotional and behavioural disorders. Conduct disorder, in particular, may ultimately lead to the perpetration of further domestic violence in the next generation. Parental characteristics such as warmth and positive attributions may mitigate the risk for intergenerational transmission of violence. Sixty-one children, ages eight to 17, and their parents completed self-report measures of disruptive behaviour, parental warmth and parental attributions in order to determine the extent to which parental warmth and attributions of child behaviours may relate to behaviour problems that serve as risk factors for the intergenerational transmission of violence. Children were also interviewed about stressful life events to which they had been exposed, in addition to domestic violence, in order to better understand results in the context of children's lives. As predicted, parental warmth and positive attributions were related to fewer disruptive behaviour problems, r = −0.35, p = 0.04 and r = −0.32, p = 0 .05, respectively. Results were similar for boys and girls, but specific to adolescents versus younger children. Findings were maintained after accounting for other forms of adversity. Potential implications for interrupting the intergenerational transmission of violence, particularly during adolescence, are discussed. ‘Parental characteristics such as warmth and positive attributions may mitigate the risk for intergenerational transmission of violence’ Key Practitioner Messages Children exposed to domestic violence are exposed to a wide range of other forms of adversity. Cumulative adversity may contribute to disruptive behaviours that may ultimately develop into violent acts, manifesting a transmission of violence from one generation to the next. Parental warmth and positive attributions of children's behaviours may be one way in which healthy parenting may prevent the intergenerational transmission of violence. These parenting factors may be particularly critical during adolescence.
Case-Control Study of Malignant Melanoma in Washington State I. Constitutional Factors and Sun Exposure

Constitutional factors and sun exposure were examined among 256 cases of melanoma and 273 controls in three counties of western Washington State. Cases were individuals diagnosed with melanoma at ages 25-65 years during 1984-1987 who were identified from a Seattle-Puget Sound cancer registry. Population controls were identified through random digit dialing and were randomly selected, stratified by age, sex, and county. Participants completed a telephone interview with questions on demographic, sun exposure, and constitutional factors. Risk factors for melanoma were examined through the use of logistic regression, controlling for age, sex, and educational level, and data on each exposure variable were tested for the significance of trends across levels of exposure. The constitutional factor most strongly associated with melanoma risk was sun sensitivity, measured as either reaction to chronic sun exposure (for no tan vs. deep tan, odds ratio (OR) = 9.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.8-21.1; p or = 10 nevi vs. none, OR = 5.7, 95% CI 2.2-14.6; p for trend < 0.001). Sun exposure in adulthood and occupational sun exposure were not related to melanoma risk. The effect of sun exposure in childhood on melanoma risk was modified by tanning ability. Poor tanners showed no effect of sun exposure at ages 2-10 years or ages 11-20 years. In contrast, people who reported a deep or moderate tan in reaction to chronic sun exposure appeared to be protected from melanoma with increasing sun exposure at ages 2-10 years (for upper third vs. lower third, OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.6; p for trend < 0.001), with identical results for exposure at ages 11-20 years. The finding that childhood sun exposure is protective only among those able to tan supports the hypothesis that developing a tan during childhood may reduce the risk of melanoma by offering protection from the effects of sunlight exposure.
Liver cell potentials: in vitro effects of metabolic inhibitors, cardiac glycosides, and hormones.

Inhibition ofin vitro hepatic cell electrical membrane potentials (RP) by metabolic inhibitors constitutes further evidence that this is an electrophysiologically viable preparation. RP was rapidly and reversibly inhibited by 1mm cyanide (CN) and 1mm 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). A gradual, irreversible decline of RP occurred following addition of 10mm iodoacetamide (IA). Digitoxin (1mm), but not ouabain, markedly inhibited hepatic cell RP, with immediate recovery of RP upon removal of this agent. Insulin andl-thyroxine had no effect on hepatic cell RP. The only significant effect of epinephrine was slight depolarization at a concentration of 0.01mm/liter.
Selective production of phenylalanine from phenylpyruvate using growing cells ofCorynebacterium glutamicum

Phenylalanine was produced from phenylpyruvate by growing cells of a mutant strain ofCorynebacteriumglutamicum over-producing valine. A defined medium was used to minimize the accumulation of valine. The maximum phenylalanine concentration achieved was 44.5 mM (7.5 g/l) with a phenylpyruvate molar conversion of 75%.
Functionalization of Diamond(100) by Cycloaddition of Butadiene: First-Principles Theory

Density functional theory calculations have been used to study [4+2] and [2+2] cycloaddition reactions between 1,3-butadiene and the diamond(100) surface. The structure, energetics, and spectra of ...
Inhibition of epinephrine and metaraminol uptake into adrenal medullary vesicles by aralkylamines and alkylamines

Abstract Two amine uptake mechanisms appeared to operate in isolated adrenal medullary storage vesicles; one site had a high affinity for epinephrine (Km ∼- 30 ωM) and low capacity (Umax ∼- 20 nmoles/100 ωg of endogenous catecholamines), while the other had a low affinity (K m ⋍ 2 mM ) and a higher capacity (Umax ⋍ 130 nmoles). The low affinity site was non-specific and did not display competitive inhibition by agents which affected the high affinity, stimulated transport system. The high affinity system was inhibited in a purely competitive fashion by a variety of indoleamines and phenethylamines. but the two classes of compounds displayed different structure-activity relationships. Substitution on the α-carbon decreased the abilities of indoleamines to inhibit stimulated epinephrine uptake, but enhanced activity of phenethylamines. Ring hydroxylation reduced, and methoxylation eliminated, the inhibitory activity of tryptamine, but the same substituents markedly enhanced the activity of phenethylamines. Studied of compounds with restricted side-chain conformation indicated that a condensed structure favored activity in indoleamines, while an extended chain enhanced inhibition by phenethylamines. Linear alkylamines of 5- or 6-carbon length were also able to inhibit active epinephrine uptake. None of the agents inhibited the non-stimulated uptake component of metaraminol, which uses primarily the low affinity system. These data suggest that while indoleamines and phenethylamines do compete with epinephrine for attachment to the high affinity transport site in the vesicle membrane, the point of interaction is probably solely at the locus which binds the amine nitrogen; the remainder of the two types of molecule probably bind to at least two different sites adjacent to the N-binding area.
Velocity waveforms in hypertensive disease.

Apres un rappel des modifications hemodynamiques physiologiques au cours de la grossesse, les auteurs decrivent les differentes modifications observees lors d'enregistrements Doppler des arteres ombilicales et uterines. Chez des meres developpent une hypertension arterielle. La correlation est etablie avec les autres parametres maternels associes a l'hypertension (albuminurie-uremie) et la frequence de la survenue d'une pathologie fœtale ou perinatale
The secretory nature of the excretory gland cells of Stephanurus dentatus. II. Presence of hydrolytic enzymes

Abstract Enzymes catalyzing the hydrolysis of casein, N-benzoyl- l -tyrosine ethyl ester, p-nitrophenyl acetate, and l -leucyl-β-naphthylamine hydrochloride were found in extracts of the excretory gland cells of Stephanurus dentatus.
GW583340 and GW2974, human EGFR and HER-2 inhibitors, reverse ABCG2- and ABCB1-mediated drug resistance

The overexpression of ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters often leads to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) and results in a suboptimal response to chemotherapy. Previously, we reported that lapatinib (GW572016), a human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), significantly reverses MDR in cancer cells by blocking the efflux function of ABC subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and ABC subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). In the present study, we conducted in vitro experiments to evaluate if GW583340 and GW2974, structural analogues of lapatinib, could reverse ABCB1- and ABCG2-mediated MDR. Our results showed that GW583340 and GW2974 significantly sensitized ABCB1 and ABCG2 overexpressing MDR cells to their anticancer substrates. GW583340 and GW2974 significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of [(3)H]-paclitaxel in ABCB1 overexpressing cells and [(3)H]-mitoxantrone in ABCG2 overexpressing cells respectively. In addition, GW583340 and GW2974 significantly inhibited ABCG2-mediated transport of methotrexate in ABCG2 overexpressing membrane vesicles. There was no significant change in the expression levels of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in the cell lines exposed to 5μM of either GW583340 or GW2974 for 3 days. In addition, a docking model predicted the binding conformation of GW583340 and GW2974 to be within the transmembrane region of homology modeled human ABCB1 and ABCG2. We conclude that GW583340 and GW2974, at clinically achievable plasma concentrations, reverse ABCB1- and ABCG2-mediated MDR by blocking the drug efflux function of these transporters. These findings may be useful in developing combination therapy for cancer treatment with EGFR TKIs.
An epidemiologic assessment of hair dye use

Abstract A number of epidemiological studies have attempted to assess the potential increase in risk of cancer among occupational groups, e.g., hairdressers, beauticians, and others, and, by inference, to associate this risk with hair dye use. The results of such studies have only raised suspicions of an increased risk. Lack of adequate demographic and exposure information prevents the interpretation that increased risks are associated with any chemicals to which such people are occupationally exposed. In case-control studies of bladder or breast cancer either no increased risk was found with hair dye use or conflicting evidence was reported. Only one study has reported an increased risk of breast cancer associated with hair dye use in female patients who were at low risk for breast cancer for other reasons.
Hot-water immersion quarantine treatment for carambolas infested with Caribbean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Immersing carambolas, Averrhoa carambola L., infested with larvae of Anastrepha Suspensa (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 46-46.4°C water for 45 min provided probit 9 security (99.9968% mortality) with > 99% confidence based on a confirmatory test in which > 190,000 larvae (mostly third instars) were killed. The treatment shortened the shelf life of the sweet cultivars ‘Arkin,’ ‘Demak,’ ‘Butts Dwarf,’ ‘Key West,’ ‘Sri Kembayan,’ ‘Fwang Tung,’ ‘B-lO,’ ‘Hart,’ and ‘Wheeler’ by 15-40%. Tart ‘Golden Star’ and ‘Star King’ carambolas turned soft and were an off-yellow color compared with nontreated fruits within a few days after treatment. The sweet cultivar ‘Hew r developed brown spots within 15 min after removal from the hot water.
CD4+, HLA class I‐restricted, cytolytic T‐lymphocyte clone against primary malignant melanoma cells

The involvement of HLA-class I in target cell lysis by CD4(+) cytolytic T cells (CTL) has been a controversial issue. A CTL clone of CD4 phenotype was derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with primary melanoma. The CTL clone stably lysed the autologous primary melanoma cells for approximately 9 months in culture. Both the Valpha2/Vbeta8 T-cell receptor and CD4 were involved in CTL cytotoxicity. Of a large panel of allogeneic primary and metastatic melanoma or colorectal carcinoma cells, autologous and allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells and autologous fibroblasts, only allogeneic metastatic melanoma cells matched with the autologous tumor cells for HLA-class I (B57[17]) were lysed and induced IFN-gamma secretion by the CTL clone. Lysis of the autologous tumor cells was significantly blocked by monoclonal antibody to HLA-B17. Importantly, allogeneic, HLA-class I- and class II-unmatched melanoma cells were lysed by the CTL only following transfection of the cells with B57[17] cDNA. Our results provide direct evidence for the involvement of both CD4 and HLA-class I in tumor cell lysis by CD4(+) CTL.
LAMINAR FLOW PAST THREE CLOSELY SPACED MONODISPERSE SPHERES OR NONEVAPORATING DROPS

A basic understanding of the highly nonlinear interaction effects of multiple, closely spaced spheres or droplets on the fluid flow patterns and fluid mechanics parameters is of importance for the improved design of a variety of fluid-particl e systems. Streamlines, vorticity contours, flow separation angles, and individual drag/interaction coefficients are presented for steady laminar axisymmetric flow past a linear array of three spheres or droplets. A finite element method has been used to solve the complete Navier-Stokes equations for the system parameter ranges of 1 < Red < 200 (particle Reynolds numbers) and 2 < dy < 6 (dimensionless particle spacings). The verified computer simulation results indicate that the separation angles and effective drag coefficients of interacting spheres deviate significantly from solitary spheres at all Reynolds numbers. The differences between solid spheres and nonevaporating water drops in air with stress-induced internal circulation are only marginal.
Diaspora Sounds from Caribbean Central America

Bearing a proud, militant history of resistance to slavery, the Garinagu1 comprise a unique African-Amerindian maroo people dating to the early seventeenth century, when indigenous Carib and Arawak-speaking peoples of the eastern Caribbean took in Afri cans escaped from bondage. In their native St. Vincent, the Garinagu (or Black Caribs, as they were known during the colonial era) resisted French and English forces who sought to take control of the island's cultivable lands.
The O VI and C III Lines at 1032 and 977 Å in Hyades F Stars

We continue our investigations into the mechanisms heating the outer layers of cool dwarf stars. In this study we specifically seek to determine whether in the layers with temperatures around 250,000-300,000 K, in which the O VI lines are emitted, the temperatures are determined by heat conduction from the coronae or by the same processes that heat the lower temperature regions. To study this we discuss here 22 spectra of Hyades F stars taken by the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite to study the O VI lines at 1032 A and the C III lines at 977 A and compare them with other lower transition layer lines, observed with HST and IUE, and with existing X-ray data. For our targets with B-V > 0.4, the X-ray fluxes of single F stars increase, on average, slowly with increasing B-V, while the O VI line fluxes show the same steep decrease around B-V = 0.43 as previously found for the lower temperature transition layer lines. For single stars the X-ray fluxes decrease with increasing v sin i, except for the stars with B-V between 0.418 and 0.455, while for the O VI lines, as for the other transition layer lines, fluxes increase with increasing v sin i, if v sin i is larger than 30 km s-1. For smaller v sin i, line fluxes are independent of v sin i. The B-V and v sin i dependences of the O VI line fluxes are then very different from those of the X-ray fluxes. We thus conclude that for electron temperature Te below 300,000 K, the transition layers for Hyades F stars are not mainly heated by heat conduction from their coronae.
"I'll see your GCAT and raise you a TGAC", Commodification in Biological Research

Hypothesis 7 the Liberals have just inherited, I wonder whether the Liberals will commit to their promise of shutting down these private MRI clinics. There is no question that Ontarians should have equal access to state-of-the art diagnostic services. However, I question the rationale of selling-off such public services to private hands as inevitability, for a crisis that was born out of chronic under-funding.
E-Matrix—Choosing to Grow Your Own Electronic Resource Management System

Even with commercial options now available, the North Carolina State University (NCSU) Libraries has chosen to continue developing a homegrown electronic resource management (ERM) system, E-Matrix. This contributor provides a brief description of E-Matrix and outlines the reasons NCSU chose not to go with a commercial product. He also discusses changes to technical services workflows and presents lessons learned by NCSU during the development process. Meyer offers recommendations to consider when implementing either a homegrown or commercial ERM system.
Characteristic surfaces of the equations of motion for non-newtonian fluids

Apres avoir derive la condition caracteristique pour les equations du mouvement des fluides «non newtoniens», nous avons determine les directions caracteristiques pour le cas du mouvement plan.
Up conversion luminescence of Yb3+-Er3+ codoped CeO2 nanocrystals with imaging applications

Abstract The effects of Yb3+ doping on up conversion in Yb3+–Er3+ co-doped cerium oxide nanocrystals are reported. Green emission around 545 and 560 nm attributed to the 2H11/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2 transitions and red emission around 660 and 680 nm due to 4F9/2→ 4I15/2 transitions under 975 nm excitation were studied at room temperature. Both green and red emission intensities increase as the Yb3+ concentration increases from 0%. Emission strength starts to decrease after the Yb3+ concentration exceeds a critical amount. The green emission strength peaks around 1% Yb3+ concentration while the red emission strength peaks around 4%. An explanation of competition between different decay mechanisms is presented to account for the luminescence dependence on Yb3+ concentration. Also, the application of up converting nanoparticles in biomedical imaging is demonstrated.
Relationship between Differential Heats of Adsorption and Brønsted Acid Strengths of Acidic Zeolites: H-ZSM-5 and H-Mordenite

We have used microcalorimetry to measure the differential heats of adsorption of both a series of alkylamines and a series of substituted pyridines in H-ZSM-5 and H-Mordenite. With few exceptions, the differential heats are approximately constant to coverages close to the expected Bronsted site concentration. Both zeolites show good correlations between the average differential heats of adsorption and the gas-phase proton affinities of the basic adsorbates. Slopes of the correlation lines for the two zeolites are similar; the intercepts differ by about 15 kJ/mol. We use this data set to demonstrate that a self-consistent, quantitative Bronsted acidity scale for solid acids cannot be obtained from heats of adsorption of ammonia or pyridine or any other single reference base. However, the correlation between heats of adsorption and gas-phase proton affinities does provide a useful starting point for a more complete description of the thermochemistry of proton transfer reactions in zeolites. Deviations from ...
Analytical solutions of fully plastic crack-tip higher order fields under antiplane shear

Analytical solutions of higher order fields in a fully plastic power-law hardening material are presented. By the use of hodograph transformation and asymptotic analysis the stress and strain exponents, angular distributions of shear stresses and strains are analytically determined. Special cases, such as linearly elastic, perfectly plastic materials are discussed. Similar characteristics between mode III and mode I plane strain, and mode II plane stress are examined. Comparison of four-term asymptotic solutions with exact and leading term solutions in an infinite strip with a semi-infinite crack under constant displacements along its edges is provided.
Temperature Dependence for the Relative Raman Cross Section of the Ammonia/Water Complex.

Abstract The Raman spectra of aqueous ammonia solutions have been obtained between −40 and 25°C. The Raman spectrum of neat water was also obtained at 25°C and is characterized by two broad peaks observed at 3200 and 3400 cm−1. The spectrum due to water is subtracted to determine the NH3 spectrum at all temperatures. In ammonia–water solutions, the spectrum shows three features at measured displacements of 3250, 3316, and 3400 cm−1. The feature at 3316 cm−1 is assigned to the Q branch of the symmetric stretch. The broad, weak features at 3250 and 3400 cm−1, previously assigned to rotational bands, are assigned to combination bands. The NH3 combination bands are assigned by comparing with sum frequency generation (SFG) experiments, monitoring changes with temperature, and analyzing the polarization data. The rotational structure of the Q band is also discussed. As the temperature is lowered from 25 to −40°C, an increase in the Raman intensity is observed for all bands. The relative Raman scattering cross section is determined from the numerically integrated area of the NH3Q branch at each temperature.
Tyrosine B10 Inhibits Stabilization of Bound Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen in Soybean Leghemoglobin

Detailed comparisons of the carbon monoxide FTIR spectra and ligand-binding properties of a library of E7, E11, and B 10 mutants indicate significant differences in the role of electrostatic interactions in the distal pockets of wild-type sperm whale myoglobin and soybean leghemoglobin. In myoglobin, strong hydrogen bonds from several closely related conformations of the distal histidine (His E 7 ) side chain preferentially stabilize bound oxygen. In leghemoglobin, the imidazole side chain of His E 7 is confined to a single conformation, which only weakly hydrogen bonds to bound ligands. The phenol side chain of Tyr B 1 0 appears to "fix" the position of His E 7 , probably by donating a hydrogen bond to the Nδ atom of the imidazole side chain. The proximal pocket of leghemoglobin is designed to favor strong coordination bonds between the heme iron and axial ligands. Thus, high oxygen affinity in leghemoglobin is established by a favorable staggered geometry of the proximal histidine. The interaction between His E 7 and Tyr B 1 0 prevents overstabilization of bound oxygen. If hydrogen bonding from His E 7 were as strong as it is in mammalian myoglobin, the resultant ultrahigh affinity of leghemoglobin would prevent oxygen transport in root nodules.
Synchrony dual-optic accommodating intraocular lens. Part 1: optical and biomechanical principles and design considerations.

Purpose To describe a dual-optic accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) based on theoretical considerations. Setting University and independent research group. Methods Ray-tracing analysis using optical modeling software (ZEMAXTM, Focus Software Inc., Tucson, Ariz) in a theoretical model eye was used to analyze lens configurations to optimize the accommodative and magnification effects of axial lens displacement. Finite-element modelling using a commercially available PC-based software package (COSMOS DesignSTAR) was applied to design the biomechanical parameters of the inter-optic articulations and optics. Results Ray-tracing analysis indicated that a dual-optic design with a high plus-powered front optic coupled to a minus posterior optic produced greater change in conjugation power of the eye compared to a single-optic intraocular lens and that magnification effects were unlikely to account for improved near vision. Finite-element modelling indicated that the 2 optics can be linked by spring-loaded haptics that allow anterior and posterior axial displacement of the front optic in response to changes in ciliary body tone and capsular tension. Conclusion A dual-optic design linked by spring haptics increases the accommodative effect of axial optic displacement with minimal magnification effect and has promise for improving the performance of accommodative intraocular lenses.