cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Detector and readout performance goals for quantum well and strained layer superlattice focal plane arrays imaging under tactical and strategic backgrounds

Abstract Advancements in III–V semiconductor based, Quantum-well infrared photodetector (QWIP) and Type-II Strained-Layer Superlattice detector (T2SLS) technologies have yielded highly uniform, large-format long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) QWIP FPAs and high quantum efficiency (QE), small format, LWIR T2SLS FPAs. In this article, we have analyzed the QWIP and T2SLS detector level performance requirements and readout integrated circuit (ROIC) noise levels for several staring array long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) imaging applications at various background levels. As a result of lower absorption QE and less than unity photoconductive gain, QWIP FPAs are appropriate for high background tactical applications. However, if the application restricts the integration time, QWIP FPA performance may be limited by the read noise of the ROIC. Rapid progress in T2SLS detector material has already demonstrated LWIR detectors with sufficient performance for tactical applications and potential for strategic applications. However, significant research is needed to suppress surface leakage currents in order to reproduce performances at pixel levels of T2SLS FPAs.
The Relationship between Institutional Enrollment Performance and Enrollment Management Effectiveness Factors

In July 1996, a mail survey was sent to enrollment managers at 500 two- and four-year undergraduate institutions. The purpose of this study was to determine which enrollment management effectivenes...
Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide in the canine coronary circulation.

Atriopeptin II has been reported to cause profound coronary vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused guinea pig heart and in the blood perfused canine heart. Consequently, this study was carried out to examine possible mechanisms by which vasomotor effects of human atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) occur in the canine coronary circulation. Bolus dosages of ANP were administered into the left circumflex coronary artery of in situ dog hearts perfused at constant flow rate. ANP produced dose-related coronary vasodilation with a threshold dosage of 2 ng/kg; a dosage of 2 micrograms/kg caused a 27 +/- 4% decrease in coronary vascular resistance. Coronary vasodilation produced by ANP was not altered by beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol (1 mg/kg i.v.). In addition, neither adenosine receptor blockade with 8-phenyltheophylline (5 mg/kg i.v.) nor cyclooxygenase inhibition with indomethacin (5 mg/kg i.v.) significantly altered the response to intra-arterial ANP. These data demonstrate that in the in vitro blood perfused canine heart, ANP administered intra-arterially results in coronary vasodilation that does not utilize adenosine-dependent or prostaglandin-dependent mechanisms.
CSF oxytocin and vasopressin levels after recovery from bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, bulimic subtype

Abstract Background: When ill, people with eating disorders have disturbances of the neuropeptides vasopressin and oxytocin. Methods: To avoid the confounding effects of the ill state, we studied women who were recovered (more than 1 year, normal weight, and regular menstrual cycles, no bingeing or purging) from bulimia nervosa (rBN) or binge eating/purging–type anorexia nervosa (rAN-BN), and matched healthy control women. Results: Vasopressin was elevated in rAN-BN and showed a trend towards elevation in rBN. In rBN, elevated cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin may be related to having a lifetime history of major depression. In comparison, cerebrospinal fluid oxytocin was normal in recovered subjects, but elevated levels in some rBN might be related to birth control pill use. Conclusions: These data confirm and extend the possibility that elevated cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin may be related to the pathophysiology of eating disorders, and/or a lifetime history of major depression.
Comparative immunological studies of RNA C-type viruses: radioimmunoassay for a low molecular weight polypeptide of woolly monkey leukemia virus.

Abstract A 12,000-dalton polypeptide was partially purified from the woolly monkey RNA C-type virus. A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for this polypeptide detected major differences in the reactivities of woolly monkey and gibbon ape viruses. In contrast, these viruses were indistinguishable in immunoassays for two other woolly monkey virion proteins, the major structural polypeptide and the reverse transcriptase. Each assay readily differentiated the woolly and gibbon from other mammalian RNA C-type viruses.
Breakeven Cost of Irrigating Bermudagrass, Tall Fescue, and Orchardgrass Hay Production in Tennessee

Published in Agron. J. 106:2227–2234 (2014) doi:10.2134/agronj14.0221 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ABSTRACT
Design of a CMOS Tapered Cascaded Multistage Distributed Amplifier

This paper presents the design and measurement of a distributed amplifier (DA) in a standard 90-nm CMOS process. To improve the gain and bandwidth (BW) of the DA, the use of an elevated coplanar waveguide line and also impedance tapering in the synthesized sections are proposed. The effects of elevation and shielding filaments on the impedance, loss, and effective dielectric constant of the transmission line are investigated and accompanied by measurements. A methodology for CMOS DA design is described that can take advantage of the multiple degrees of freedom in terms of device size, topology, and aspect ratio available in these processes. The fabricated tapered cascaded multistage DA achieves a 3-dB BW of 73.5 GHz with a passband gain of 14 dB. This results in a gain-BW product of 370 GHz. The realized 0-dB BW is 83.5 GHz and the input and output matchings stay better than -9 dB up to 77 and 94 GHz, respectively. The chip consumes an area of 1.5 mm times 1.15 mm, while drawing 70 mA from a 1.2-V supply.
Adenoma Development in Mouse Lung Following Treatment with Possible Promoting Agents

We have examined under what conditions it might be feasible to enhance the sensitivity of the mouse lung adenoma bioas-say. In mice given one single dose of urethan, the number of tumors formed can be increased 2-4 fold by repeated treatments with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The minimum number of injections required to increase the number of tumors which develop is 4 and treatment may begin as late as 4 months after urethan and still be effective. BHT has no effect on tumor development in strains of mice resistant to adenoma formation or in susceptible mice treated with other carcinogens. Although it was initially thought that BHT enhances adenoma formation by stimulating type II cell proliferation in lung, new data suggest that massive cell proliferation is not necessarily a prerequisite for enhancement of tumor formation. A dose of BHT too small to produce noticeable type II cell division (50 mg/kg) enhances tumor development, whereas repeated treatment with oxygen, although stimulating cell divisio...
Toeplitz-Hausdorff systems

Abstract The numerical range of an n × n matrix T is the image of T under a certain set of linear functionals—a set that comprises the extreme points among the states (i.e., norm-one, positive linear functionals) on the n × n matrices—and is convex, by the Toeplitz-Hausdorff theorem. One can view this convexity as a consequence of T's numerical range being equal to a manifestly convex set, the image of T under all states. Taking this view leads us to ask whether a similar result holds when we replace the n × n matrices by a finite dimensional Banach space , the states by a closed, convex subset Σ of ∗, and the extreme states by the extreme points of Σ. When it does, we call the pair ( , Σ) a Toeplitz-Hausdorff system. In this paper, we show that if is what we term a nullifying subspace of the n×n matrices, and if Σ is the closed unit ball in ∗, then ( , Σ) is a Toeplitz-Hausdorff system. (Both the upper and lower triangular matrices form nullifying subspaces.)
Evaluating pattern conformance of UML models: a divide-and-conquer approach and case studies

A design pattern is realized in various forms depending on the context of the applications. There has been intensive research on detecting pattern instances in models and in implementations. However, little work addresses variations of pattern realization. This paper describes an approach for evaluating conformance of pattern variations. This approach uses a divide-and-conquer strategy to evaluate the structural conformance of a UML class diagram to the solution of a design pattern. A design pattern is specified in an extension of the UML that defines the pattern in terms of roles. To demonstrate the approach, we use the Visitor pattern and two case studies of a price calculator and a word processor. We also present a prototype tool that supports the approach.
Resonant cavity linear interferometric intensity modulator

We propose an intensity modulator based on injection locking of a resonant cavity with gain that has a linear transfer function, multigigahertz bandwidth, possible optical gain, and very low Vπ. The arcsine phase response of the injection-locked resonant cavity placed in one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer is the key to the true linear performance of this modulator. The first (to our knowledge) demonstration of this modulator with 5 GHz bandwidth, Vπ of ∼2.6 mV, and 95 dB spur-free dynamic range is reported here.
Effects in vitro of thyrotropic hormone III. On incorporation of 1311 into a thyroglobulin-like protein by monolayer cultures of isolated sheep thyroid gland cells

Abstract 1. 1. Isolated sheep thyroid cells cultured in monolayers with 131I are capable of incorporating a considerable proportion of the isotope into a protein that has an electrophoretic mobility identical to that of purified thyroglobulin. In 1-day old cultures approx. 12–16% of the total 1311 was recovered in this protein. 2. 2. The 131I recovered in the electrophoretically separated thyroglobulin prepared from control cultures decreased sharply from the first to the third day, and thereafter continued to decrease (though less steeply) to the seventh day. 3. 3. Addition of thyrotropic hormone at the start of culturing enhanced the incorporation of 131I into thyroglobulin from the third to the seventh day. In 5-day-old cultures the 131I recovered as thyroglobulin in thyroid-stimulating-hormone-treated cells was about five times those of the controls. 4. 4. The effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone appeared to be specific for incorporation of the 131I into thyroglobulin; the incorporation of 131I into non-thyroglobulin proteins was not significantly affected. 5. 5. Addition of adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and insulin had no effect on the incorporation of 131I into thyroglobulin by the monolayer cultures of thyroid cells. 6. 6. The mitochondrial and microsomal fractions prepared from the isolated cells cultured as monolayers contained an appreciable amount of protein bound 131I. Electrophoresis revealed that in both fractions, much of the 131I-labeled protein remained at the origin. 131I-labeled protein of the soluble fraction behaved like thyroglobulin as judged by ( I ) electrophoretic behaviour, (2) gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and (3) reaction to anti-sheep-thyroglobulin antibodies. 7. 7. Mitochondria and microsomes contained significant amounts of free thyroxine. Peptide-bound thyroxine was present only in the protein of the soluble fraction. 8. 8. The relative roles of colloid and of cells in the biogenesis of thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle are discussed.
The effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on HIV disease progression following hurricane Katrina

Abstract Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychological outcome of any disaster. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PTSD on disease progression among HIV-infected persons in metropolitan New Orleans post-hurricane Katrina. One-year post-storm, a convenience sample of 145 HIV-infected patients who returned to care at the HIV Outpatient Program clinic in New Orleans were interviewed. Clinical factors pre and one and two years post-disaster were abstracted from medical records and compared by PTSD status. Of the 145 participants, 37.2% had PTSD. Those with PTSD were more likely than those without PTSD to have detectable plasma viral loads at both follow-up time points post-disaster and more likely to have CD4 cell counts <200/mm3 two years post-disaster. They were also more likely to have had medication interruptions immediately post-disaster. Our findings corroborate the findings of others that PTSD accelerates HIV disease progression. Disaster planners should consider ...
Fast tool servo control for ultra-precision machining at extremely low feed rates

Abstract Diamond turning of brittle materials such as glass, ceramic, germanium and zinc sulfide has been of considerable research interest in recent years due to applications in optics and precision engineering systems. When diamond turning brittle materials, material removal should be kept within the ductile regime to avoid subsurface damage [1, 2]. It is generally accepted that ductile regime machining of brittle materials can be accomplished using extremely low depth of cut and feed rates. Nanometric level positioning accuracy of the machine tool axes is difficult particularly at low feed rates due to friction and backlash. Friction at extremely low feed rates is highly nonlinear due to the transition from stiction to coulomb friction, and as such is very difficult to model. In order to compensate the effect of friction and backlash of a machine tool stage, a nano-metric precision three degrees of freedom (DOF) positioner is designed and fabricated as a fast tool servo. The fast tool servo, which is an independently operated positioning device, would have a small range but high bandwidth and accuracy compared to the conventional lead-screw mechanism. The nano positioner as a fast tool servo and motor-driven feedback controller were combined in order to obtain large motion with high positioning accuracy. A CMAC neural network control algorithm was applied in order to provide on-line learning and better tracking capability compared to standard PID control algorithm. The learning controller was implemented using “C” language on DSP based PC-bus board to control both diamond turning machine and nano positioner.
Phenomenological model for inelastic scattering of 800 MeV/ c pions from nuclei

We present the results of our calculations for the inelastic scattering of 800 MeV/c charged pions from the $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ nucleus within a strong absorption framework in the adiabatic approximation. For this purpose we extend and generalize our previous model which has been successfully applied to the description of pion-nucleus elastic scattering at 800 MeV/c. This has been achieved by introducing a phenomenological approach involving complex angular momenta in the spirit of Regge. The results of the present calculation are found to be in very good agreement with the experimental data. We also discuss the validity of this approximation within the context of high energy pion-nucleus inelastic scattering and the implications of the results obtained regarding the structure of the ${2}^{+}$(4.44 MeV) and ${3}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$(9.64 MeV) states of $^{12}\mathrm{C}$.
The role of physical activity in the development and function of human juveniles' sex segregation

Sex segregation during the juvenile period is a pan-cultural phenomenon in humans as well as being observed in many other vertebrate species. In this paper I define sex segregation in human and nonhuman animals and chart its ontogeny in humans from childhood through early adolescence. Second, I argue that sexual selection theory can explain segregation in humans. Third and consistent with this theory I posit that sexual selection effects on segregation are moderated by proximal factors, such as individual differences in activity and ecological factors. Fourth, I suggest possible functions of sex segregation in humans. Lastly and in conclusion, I discuss methodological issues that need addressing in the study of human sex segregation.
Association of Hla Antigens and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

HLA testing of 55 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma revealed no increased frequencies of any of 17 HLA-A and 29 HLA-B antigens. However, the subgroup with a known family history of primary open-angle glaucoma had an increase in the frequency of the HLA-B12 antigen (48%). Intrafamily studies might further define the strength and importance of this association.
Larval reproduction in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis mccradyi (order Lobata)

Dissogony was observed in normal and experimentally manipulated individuals of Mnemiopsis mccradyi in February–April, 1985. The normal oral-aboral length at which sexual reproduction begins in M. mccradyi is 30±5 mm; however, some larvae, of 1.5 to 2.8 mm (oralaboral length), produce viable gametes. During the present study, not all individuals from a particular spawning which were kept in the same conditions became reproductive at an early age. The age at which larval reproduction began varied between individuals. The length of time over which individuals spawned varied considerably — some spawned only once, while others spawned repeatedly. Only the gonads located under the adesophageal ctene rows (and not those associated with the adtentacular rows) produced gametes during the early reproductive period. After larvae stopped spawning, the gonads regressed and the larvae grew to large lobate stages. Individuals which became sexually reproductive as larvae also became sexually reproductive during lobate stages.
Mars Global Digital Dune Database (MGD 3 ): Global dune distribution and wind pattern observations

Abstract The Mars Global Digital Dune Database (MGD 3 ) is complete and now extends from 90°N to 90°S latitude. The recently released south pole (SP) portion (MC-30) of MGD 3 adds ∼60,000 km 2 of medium to large-size dark dune fields and ∼15,000 km 2 of sand deposits and smaller dune fields to the previously released equatorial (EQ, ∼70,000 km 2 ), and north pole (NP, ∼845,000 km 2 ) portions of the database, bringing the global total to ∼975,000 km 2 . Nearly all NP dunes are part of large sand seas, while the majority of EQ and SP dune fields are individual dune fields located in craters. Despite the differences between Mars and Earth, their dune and dune field morphologies are strikingly similar. Bullseye dune fields, named for their concentric ring pattern, are the exception, possibly owing their distinctive appearance to winds that are unique to the crater environment. Ground-based wind directions are derived from slipface (SF) orientation and dune centroid azimuth (DCA), a measure of the relative location of a dune field inside a crater. SF and DCA often preserve evidence of different wind directions, suggesting the importance of local, topographically influenced winds. In general however, ground-based wind directions are broadly consistent with expected global patterns, such as polar easterlies. Intriguingly, between 40°S and 80°S latitude both SF and DCA preserve their strongest, though different, dominant wind direction, with transport toward the west and east for SF-derived winds and toward the north and west for DCA-derived winds.
Internal Structure of the Geomagnetic Neutral Sheet

Models for internal structure of geomagnetic tail neutral sheet deduced from Explorer 34 magnetic data
Building design advisor: automated integration of multiple simulation tools

Abstract The Building Design Advisor (BDA) is a software environment that supports the integrated use of multiple analysis and visualization tools throughout the building design process, from the initial, conceptual and schematic phases to the detailed specification of building components and systems. Based on a comprehensive design theory, the BDA uses an object-oriented representation of the building and its context, and acts as a data manager and process controller to allow building designers to benefit from the capabilities of multiple tools. The BDA provides a graphical user interface that consists of two main elements: the Building Browser and the Decision Desktop. The Browser allows building designers to quickly navigate through the multitude of descriptive and performance parameters addressed by the analysis and visualization tools linked to the BDA. Through the Browser the user can edit the values of input parameters and select any number of input and/or output parameters for display in the Decision Desktop. The Desktop allows building designers to compare multiple design alternatives with respect to multiple descriptive and performance parameters addressed by the tools linked to the BDA. The BDA is implemented as a Windows®-based application for personal computers. Its initial version is linked to a Schematic Graphic Editor (SGE), which allows designers to quickly and easily specify the geometric characteristics of building components and systems. For every object created in the SGE, the BDA activates a Default Value Selector (DVS) mechanism that selects ‘smart’ default values from a Prototypes Database for all non-geometric parameters required as input to the analysis and visualization tools linked to the BDA. In addition to the SGE that is an integral part of its user interface, the initial version of the BDA is linked to a daylight analysis tool, an energy analysis tool, and a multimedia, Web-based Case Studies Database (CSD). The next version of the BDA will be linked to additional analysis tools, such as the DOE-2 (thermal, energy and energy cost) and RADIANCE (day/lighting and rendering) computer programs. Plans for the future include the development of links to cost estimating and environmental impact modules, building rating systems, CAD software and electronic product catalogs.
Smart signal conditioner in suppressing vibration noise of crystal oscillators

An improved polarization-effect tuning technique, which suppresses the vibration-induced phase noise of quartz crystal oscillator, is presented. Unlike the earlier approach, a smart signal conditioner is used to provide varying magnitude and varying phase to the tuning signal in order to correct the nonlinear distortion of accelerometer and the phase delay of tuning mechanism. Experiment result demonstrates that the suppression of vibration noise is significantly improved.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Trace element patterns at a non-marine Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary

At the fossil-pollen-defined Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary in the Raton Basin of New Mexico and Colorado, an iridium abundance anomaly and excess scandium, titanium, and chromium are associated with a thin ash or dust fallout bed (now kaolinitic clay) that was preserved in freshwater coal swamps.
Children eat what they are served: the imprecise regulation of energy intake.

Abstract Total daily food intake of 16 preschool children 4–6 years of age were collected from 5 to 7 consecutive days. The most powerful determinant of the amount of food consumed at meals was amount served (r=0.77, P The present results indicate that eating behavior of children is similar to adults in that they display very poor regulation of energy intake and are responsive to environmental stimuli. The conclusion from this study is that both the cause of overweight in children, as well as its prevention, may lie in the hands of the caregiver.
Infants' Perception of Phrase Structure in Music

A visual preference procedure was used to examine 6- and 41/2-monthold infants’ sensitivity to phrase structure in music. Sections of Mozart minuets were divided into segments that either did or did not correspond to the phrase structure of the music. Infants in both age groups listened significantly longer to the appropriately segmented versions. Their behavior accorded well with judgments of the same materials made by adults, suggesting that protracted musical experience may not be necessary to perceive phrase structure in music. Strong correlations were found between certain musical variables and the infants’ preferences for the musical passages, pointing to acoustic properties that may be important for defining musical phrases.
Composition of helical structures in crystallization in petroleum carbon on a metal surface

The authors selected a petroleum pitch that forms distinct adhesion, melted it on a hot plate in the laboratory, and cooled it at a rate of 3.5 C/min to form a minimum number of large helices. Measurements of pitch mass and radioactivity support the authors' conclusion that the helical structures of pitch on a metal surface are formed with preferential participation of the carboids, which make up the disperse phase in the original molten pitch, and the helical structure on the crystalline part of pitch consists of various aromatic structures.
Bioactive glass fiber/polymeric composites bond to bone tissue

Bioactive glass fibers were investigated for use as a fixation vehicle between a low modulus, polymeric composite and bone tissue. In an initial pilot study, bioactive glass fiber/polysulfone composites and all-polysulfone control rods were implanted into the rabbit tibia; the study was subsequently expanded with implantation into the rabbit femur. Bone tissue exhibited direct contact with the glass fibers and adjacent polymer matrix and displayed a mechanical bond between the composite and bone tissue after six weeks implantation. Interfacial bond strengths after six weeks implantation averaged 12.4 MPa, significantly higher than those of the all-polymer controls. Failure sites for the composite at six weeks generally occurred in the bone tissue or composite, whereas the failure site for the polymer implants occurred exclusively at the implant/tissue interface. The bioactive glass fiber/polysulfone composite achieved fixation to bone tissue through a triple mechanism: a bond to the bioactive glass fiber, mechanical interlocking between the tissue and glass fibers, and close apposition and possible chemical bond between the portions of the polymer and bone tissue. This last mechanism resulted from an overspill of bioactivity reactions from the fibers onto the surface of the surrounding polymer which we call the “halo” effect. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 39, 161–170, 1998.
A cosmological model for our universe. I

Cosmological model for universe based on astronomical observations and validity of einstein theory and existing laws of physics
A Planning Perspective for Library Journal Publishing Services

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a practical framework and guidance, based on the authors’ local experience, for libraries investigating or in the early stages of planning to offer scholarly publishing services for journal literature. While the authors use a number of publishing tools and platforms at Penn State, based on the content and needs of the requester, here the focus is on a model of using Open Journal Systems for a range of needs from peer-reviewed scholarly journals to more informal publications such as student research. Design/methodology/approach – Penn State Libraries Publishing and Curation Services has been both defining the philosophy and building the mechanics for delivering a formal publishing services program for a variety of clients and formats. This article traces the authors’ journey as a facilitator within the research life cycle. Findings – The authors’ results from working with a range of clients show that there will need to be an equally varied range of publishi...
Tracing paleofluid circulations using iron isotopes: A study of hematite and goethite concretions from the Navajo Sandstone (Utah, USA)

Ironconcentrations andisotopiccompositionsweremeasuredinsphericalhematiteandgoethiteconcretions,together withassociated red (Fe-oxide coated) and white (bleached) sandstones from the Jurassic Navajo formation, Utah (USA). Earlier studies showed that, in the Navajo Sandstone, reducing fluids (presumably rich in hydrocarbons) mobilized Fe present as Fe-oxide coatings on detrital quartz grains.DissolvedFethenprecipitatedassphericalconcretionsbyinteractionwithoxidizinggroundwater. DespitebeingdepletedinFeby ∼50%, the bleached sandstones have Fe isotopic compositions similar to adjacent red sandstones (∼0‰/amu relative to IRMM-014). Thisshows thatdissolutionofFe-oxidedidnotproducesignificantisotopefractionation,in agreement with previousexperimentalstudies of abiotic Fe-oxide dissolution. In contrast, the concretions are depleted in the heavy isotopes of iron by −0.07 to −0.68‰/amu. This is oppositetotheexpectedfractionationforpartialFeoxidation,whichtendstoenrichtheprecipitateintheheavyisotopes.Severalscenarios areconsideredfor explaining themeasured Feisotopiccompositions.Although diffusionmight beanimportant processin controlling the growth of spherical concretions, the associated isotopic fractionation is negligible compared to the observed variations. Kinetic isotope fractionationduringprecipitationcanberuledoutaswellbecausenoisotopiczonationisseenwithininduratedconcretionsandFeisotope evidence supports the occurrence of dissolution–reprecipitation reactions consistent with equilibrium growth conditions. The Fe isotopic compositions of the concretions are best explained by evolution of the fluid composition through precipitation and/or adsorption of isotopicallyheavyFeduringfluidflowthroughthesandstone.Thisscenarioissupportedbyaregionaltrendintheisotopiccompositionof
6-Chloro-N,N-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (CAT) sensor based on biomimetic recognition utilizing a molecularly imprinted artificial receptor.

We aimed to develop a 6-chloro-N,N-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (CAT)-sensing system based on a biomimetic receptor of a molecularly imprinted polymer for CAT and electrochemical determination of CAT. A molecularly imprinted polymer for CAT was prepared by the polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a cross-linker with a template molecule (CAT) in dimethyl formamide (DMF). The polymer prepared with the ratio of these monomers (CAT:MAA:EDMA = 1:7.5:20) showed the most selective rebinding to CAT, and the obtained polymer was recognized as a CAT-imprinted polymer (CAT-MIP). The effect of the specific imprinting sites of CAT-MIP was demonstrated by Scatchard analysis. In an aqueous solution of CAT, CAT-MIP showed the maximum binding of CAT in a 0.05 M phosphate buffer (PB), pH 5.0. The binding amount of CAT to CAT-MIP was 24% more than atrazine and 72% more than propazine. The CAT-sensing system was composed of a column of CAT-MIP particles and a voltammetry analyzer. The reductive current of CAT depended on the concentration of CAT up to 30 µM with the system.
Noninvasive techniques in acute myocardial infarction

Abstract It would be ideal if sophisticated assessment of cardiocirculatory performance could be achieved in a safe, uncomplicated, simple, and reproducible manner. Interest in noninvasive techniques has received considerable impetus from this hope. Such methods are especially desirable in patients with acute myocardial infarction, since margins of safety are reduced and diagnostic interventions that would ordinarily be done with impunity are applied with trepidation. The purpose of this essay has been to review the current status of noninvasive techniques chiefly as they apply in acute myocardial infarction. In so doing, the following topics were covered: the time intervals of the cardiac cycle, phonocardiography, electrocardiography, recordings of precordial movements, the external phlebogram, echocardiography, radioactive scanning, electrical impedance cardiography, ballistocardiography, and magnetocardiography.
Variable occurrence of the nrdB intron in the T-even phages suggests intron mobility

The bacteriophage T4 nrdB gene, encoding nucleoside diphosphate reductase subunit B, contains a self-splicing group I intervening sequence. The nrdB intron was shown to be absent from the genomes of the closely related T-even phages T2 and T6. Evidence for variable intron distribution was provided by autocatalytic 32P-guanosine 5'-triphosphate labeling of T-even RNAs, DNA and RNA hybridization analyses, and DNA sequencing studies. The results indicate the nonessential nature of the intron in nrdB expression and phage viability. Furthermore, they suggest that either precise intron loss from T2 and T6 or lateral intron acquisition by T4 occurred since the evolution of these phages from a common ancestor. Intron movement in the course of T-even phage divergence raises provocative questions about the origin of these self-splicing elements in prokaryotes.
Negative Regulation by HLA-DO of MHC Class II-Restricted Antigen Processing

HLA-DM is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-like molecule that facilitates antigen processing by catalyzing the exchange of invariant chain-derived peptides (CLIP) from class II molecules for antigenic peptides. HLA-DO is a second class II-like molecule that physically associates with HLA-DM in B cells. HLA-DO was shown to block HLA-DM function. Purified HLA-DM-DO complexes could not promote peptide exchange in vitro. Expression of HLA-DO in a class II+ and DM+, DO- human T cell line caused the accumulation of class II-CLIP complexes, indicating that HLA-DO blocked DM function in vivo and suggesting that HLA-DO is an important modulator of class II-restricted antigen processing.
Natural killer cell activity and autologous mixed lymphocyte response of splenic, mesenteric lymph node, and colonic lymphocytes during DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in the rat.

Twoin vitro models of immune surveillance were used to examine the immune status of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen during the early stages of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMN)-induced colon tumorigenesis. DMH-and vehicletreated Fischer rats were sacrificed at one of three time points; one week, two months, or five months after cessation of treatment. Colonic, lymph node, and splenic natural killer cell cytolytic activity toward YAC-1 tumor targets and T-cell response to autologous la-induced balstogenesis were measured at each time point. We found little change in natural killer cell activity or T-cell proliferation induced by autologous Ia gene products at these time periods.
Learning preferences, computer attitudes, and test performance with computer-aided instruction

Abstract Background: Learning preference refers to how individuals choose to approach learning situations. Computer-aided instruction (CAI) permits the adaptation of educational content to individual student learning strategies. Methods: To determine if learning preference and computer attitude influence the acquisition of knowledge using CAI materials, a prototype CAI program was developed that incorporated differing learning exercises. Students (n = 180) completed Rezler’s Learning Preference Inventory (LPI) and a computer attitude survey (CAS). The LPI uses three sets of paired scales to characterize learning preference and choice of learning situation. The CAS assesses student attitudes toward computers in general (CAS-G), as well as the educational use of computers (CAS-E). After finishing the program students completed a program attitude survey (CAS-P). Immediate comprehension was assessed by pretests and posttests incorporated into the program. Retention was assessed by a repeat of the posttest 4 to 6 weeks after initial program review. Results: Scores (mean ± SEM) on the pretest, posttest, and late posttest were 38.1% ± 1.35%, 70.9% ± 1.24%, and 62.5% ± 1.44%, respectively. There was no correlation between students’ learning preferences or computer attitude and test performance. Conclusions: The data indicate that CAI provides a means of delivering educational content that results in an increase in knowledge that is not correlated with computer attitudes or learning preferences.
Loss of Bright/ARID3a Function Promotes Developmental Plasticity

B-cell regulator of immunoglobulin heavy chain transcription (Bright)/ARID3a, an A+T-rich interaction domain protein, was originally discovered in B lymphocyte lineage cells. However, expression patterns and high lethality levels in knockout mice suggested that it had additional functions. Three independent lines of evidence show that functional inhibition of Bright results in increased developmental plasticity. Bright-deficient cells from two mouse models expressed a number of pluripotency-associated gene products, expanded indefinitely, and spontaneously differentiated into cells of multiple lineages. Furthermore, direct knockdown of human Bright resulted in colonies capable of expressing multiple lineage markers. These data suggest that repression of this single molecule confers adult somatic cells with new developmental options.
Economics, Evaluation, and Trends of High-Temperature Motors

The enormous strides which have been made in the development and processing of high-temperature insulations over the past 15 years has caused a reevaluation of their use in rotating machines. This reappraisal is resulting in furnishing more and more electric machines to industry on a Class B or higher temperature basis. Less than 5 years ago, 95% of induction machines in 150-5,000-horsepower sizes were furnished with Class A insulation (rated for 105 C [degrees centigrade] total temperature). Today it is estimated that 40% of all units falling in this category are Class B (rated for 130 C total tempera-ture) or higher. The conversion to higher temperature machines is continuing rapidly and it is reasonable to expect that 75% of all units falling in this horsepower range will be furnished on a Class B basis within several years. How will higher temperature machines differ from the older Class A motor designs? What basic improvements in high-temperature insulations have been made which make an industry transition appropriate? It is the purpose of this paper to answer these questions and to set in focus the reasons for the trend to higher temperature machines.
Time-reversal techniques applied to ultrawideband indoor wireless communication systems: A comparative study

Time-reversal (TR) signal processing techniques have been applied to ultrawideband (UWB) wireless communication systems, providing myriad of advantages including: reduced receiver complexity and power consumption, increased system capacity, and enhanced immunity to eavesdropping. In this paper, we introduce three new TR-based techniques for UWB wireless: (i) equalized TR beamforming, (ii) TR beamforming with multiple-signal-classification (MUSIC), and (iii) differential TR. We apply them to multiple-input single-output (MISO) UWB wireless communication systems operating in indoor scenarios. We compare the bit error rate (BER) performances of the proposed techniques with those of conventional beamforming.
Predicting nonlinear behavior in receive phased array antennas

This paper describes the complex behavior of receive phased array antennas with high level incident signals with respect to generation and suppression of intermodulation and harmonic products. The resulting complex spatial dependencies are described and demonstrated with a Matlab ™ -based nonlinear phased array antenna analysis tool whose results are compared to phased array antenna measurements.
Contrasting depositional models for Pennsylvanian black shale discerned from molybdenum abundances

Some black shales contain >1,000 ppm Mo, comparable to conventional ores. These include Mo-rich Pennsylvanian black shales that were deposited rapidly near shore as epeiric seas inundated peat swamps, while coeval beds, less enriched in Mo, accumulated slowly offshore. Concentration of Mo probably resulted from retention of the metal by organic matter in acidic pore fluids characteristic of nearshore deposits. Thus, in Pennsylvanian shales where organic productivity is significant, Mo variations may be used to distinguish nearshore from offshore conditions. Enrichments in Mo occur in black shales of other ages; therefore a high Mo content may be useful as a general criterion for nearshore environments and other conditions with strong pH gradients.
Hippocampal correlates of consummatory and observed behavior

Abstract Because of certain conflicting results and interpretations of the functional significance of hippocampal theta activity, an attempt was made to record such activity from albino rats during typical behavior patterns and motivational conditions. Theta activity clearly demonstrated during exposure to a novel environment, decreased during repeated presentations of that environment. Food deprivation reinstated theta activity, but was immediately “blocked” when feeding was initiated. Water deprivation and drinking yielded results parallel to those obtained with food. A similar “blocking” was observed when the animal engaged in grooming behavior. In an effort to resolve certain conflicting results, a tentative hypothesis was suggested in which hippocampal theta activity was related to attention mechanisms (information processing) and hippocampal desynchronization (theta “blocking”) was related to organized response patterns.
Mechanisms and models for large-strain heterogeneous plasticity

Abstract Two features are of predominant importance for the large-strain plastic deformation of heterogeneous materials: the connectivity of the phases, and the spread of their strengths. When the softer phase is continuous and the harder phase is not, the non-uniformity of deformation is the greater, the greater the spread of strengths. When there are many hard inclusions, the altered flow patterns are significant far away from the particles, and effective-medium models are inapplicable. In cases where “self-consistent” models should apply, the main problem is the derivation of the interaction stiffness for grossly non-linear materials: it controls the relative spread of stresses and strains or strain rates. Reasons are given why, for the actual form of the constitutive relations, a large spread of stresses is more tolerable in a model than a large spread of strain rates.
Efficient parallel out-of-core matrix transposition

This paper addresses the problem of parallel transposition of large out-of-core arrays. Although algorithms for out-of-core matrix transposition have been widely studied, previously proposed algorithms have sought to minimise the number of I/O operations and the in-memory permutation time. We propose an algorithm that directly targets the improvement of overall transposition time. The I/O characteristics of the system are used to determine the read, write and communication block sizes such that the total execution time is minimised. We also provide a solution to the array redistribution problem for arrays on disk. The solutions to the sequential transposition problem and the parallel array redistribution problem are then combined to obtain an algorithm for the parallel out-of-core transposition problem.
The electronic absorption spectra of ClOCl and ClClO. An ab initio EOM-CCSD(T) investigation

Abstract Equation-of-motion coupled cluster calculations with singles and doubles (EOM-CCSD) and with noniterative inclusion of triples (EOM-CCSD(T)) have been carried out with the POL1 basis set to iinvestigate the excited states of ClOCl and ClClO. Both isomers have five excited states with excitation energies at wavelengths longer than 200 nm. These states are valence excited states which arise from transitions which remove electron density from the π system and place it into σ, or from electron excitation within the σ framework. The results of these calculations are used to assign the bands in the recently reported experimental spectra of these molecules.
High affinity binding of the mastoparans by calmodulin.

Abstract Calmodulin exhibits high affinity, calcium-dependent binding of the mastoparans — a group of cytoactive tetradecapeptides. The dissociation constants for the peptide-calmodulin complexes determined in 0.20 N KCl, 1.0 mM CaCl2, pH 7.3 are ∼0.3 nM for mastoparan, ∼0.9 nM for mastoparan X, and ∼3.5 nM for Polistes mastoparan. The dissociation constant for the mastoparan-calmodulin complex is the smallest known for any calmodulin binding protein or peptide, suggesting that some type of peptide-calmodulin interaction could be physiologically significant.
Relevance heuristics for program analysis

Relevance heuristics allow us to tailor a program analysis to a particular property to be verified. This in turn makes it possible to improve the precision of the analysis where needed, while maintaining scalability. In this talk I will discuss the principles by which SAT solvers and other decision procedures decide what information is relevant to a given proof. Then we will see how these ideas can be exploited in program verification using the method of Craig interpolation. The result is an analysis that is finely tuned to prove a given property of a program. At the end of the talk, I will cover some recent research in this area, including the use of interpolants for verifying heap-manipulating programs.
ELECTROMAGNETIC VIOLATION OF CONSERVATION OF VECTOR CURRENT

The electromagnetic violation of vector current conservation is considered and the strong interaction renormalization of the BETA -decay coupling constant G/sub V/ in the presence of electromagnetism is estimated. It is shown that the existing discrepancy between the G/sub V and the mu -decay coupling constant G/sub mu / may be due to such a renormalization. Use is made of a hypothetical scalar particle with isotopic spin unity. This particle was used as an auxiliary means and the final results do not depend on the parameters of such a panticle. It is shown that this particle has interactions with other particles only if the electromagnetic mass splitting of the isotopic multiplets is not neglected. Other properties of this particle are discussed. (auth)
Influence of Suspended Volcanic Ash on Homing Behavior of Adult Chinook Salmon

Abstract Adult male chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were tested for behavioral responses to suspended volcanic ash from Mount St. Helens, Washington. Chinook salmon exhibited a strong baseline preference for clean (ash-free) home water over a clean non-natal water source. The addition of ash to the home water significantly reduced preference for home water, apparently because of an avoidance response to ash, not an inability to identify home water. The ash also reduced upstream movement in the testing apparatus. The homing performance of displaced chinook salmon was assessed after a 7-day exposure to an ash suspension of approximately 650 mg/liter. The ash did not affect the proportion of fish that homed.
Composite structures with built-in diagnostics

A built-in diagnostic technique based on a distributed sensor network is presented for composite structures. The technique uses the built-in sensors to measure the response of the structures and process the measured signals to interpret the changes of signals at two different times in terms of physical change of the structures. The development of the technique includes three major items: sensor selection, sensor/structure integration, and signal processing and interpretation.