cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Tank Sloshing on LNG Vessel Responses

The coupling and interactions between ship motion and inner-tank sloshing are investigated by a potential-viscous hybrid method in time domain. For the time domain simulation of vessel motion, the hydrodynamic coefficients and wave forces are obtained by a potential-theory-based 3D diffraction/radiation panel program in frequency domain. Then, the corresponding simulations of motions in time domain are carried out using the convolution-integral method. The liquid sloshing in a tank is simulated in time domain by a Navier-Stokes solver. A finite difference method with SURF scheme assuming the single-valued free surface profile is applied for the direct simulation of liquid sloshing. The computed sloshing forces and moments are then applied as external excitations to the ship motion. The calculated ship motion is in turn inputted as the excitation for liquid sloshing, which is repeated for the ensuing time steps. For comparison, we independently developed a 3D panel program for linear inner-fluid motions and it is coupled with the vessel motion program in the frequency domain. The developed computer programs are applied to a barge-type FPSO hull equipped with two partially filled tanks. The time-domain simulation results show reasonably good agreement when compared with MARIN’s experimental results. The frequency-domain results qualitatively reproduce the trend of coupling effects but the peaks are in general over-predicted. It is seen that the coupling effects on roll motions appreciably change with filling level. The most pronounced coupling effects on roll motions are the shift or split of peak frequencies. The pitch motions are much less influenced by the inner-fluid motion compared to roll motions.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Concurrent design of wideband RFIC and ESD

Robust on-chip ESD protection without RF performance degradation is a challenge in RF IC designs. This paper reviews a new co-design technique for ultra wideband (UWB) RF ICs and ESD protection so as to achieve whole-chip design optimization.
RECONSTRUCTING THE EVOLUTION OF SEXUAL DICHROMATISM: CURRENT COLOR DIVERSITY DOES NOT REFLECT PAST RATES OF MALE AND FEMALE CHANGE

Males of sexually dimorphic species often appear more divergent among taxa than do females, so it is often assumed that evolutionary changes have occurred primarily in males. Yet, sexual dimorphisms can result from historical changes in either or both of the sexes, and few previous studies have investigated such patterns using phylogenetic methods. Here, we describe the evolution of male and female plumage colors in the grackles and allies (Icteridae), a songbird clade with a broad range in levels of sexual dichromatism. Using a model of avian perceptual color space, we calculated color distances within and among taxa on a molecular phylogeny. Our results show that female plumage colors have changed more dramatically than male colors in the evolutionary past, yet male colors are significantly more divergent among species today. Historical increases in dichromatism have involved changes in both sexes, whereas decreases in dichromatism have nearly always involved females evolving rapidly to look like males. Dichromatism is also associated with mating system in this group, with monogamous taxa tending to exhibit relatively low levels of sexual dichromatism. Our findings suggest that, despite appearances, female plumage evolution plays a more prominent role in sexual dichromatism than is generally assumed.
“Our Club”: Place-Work and the Negotiation of Collective Belongingness

This research examines the process by which vying social groups negotiate collective belongingness within contested space. At an American Legion veterans’ post, two factions—the Skeet Club and the New Regime—developed strong emotional attachments to the location. The Skeet Club consisted of ineligible townspeople who had illegally gained access to the post through the help of several legitimate members. For Skeet Club members, the post was a beloved social club where strong social bonds had developed over the course of many years. For the New Regime, the post was first and foremost a shrine to honor and assist military veterans. These divergent interpretations resulted in a process the author calls place-work, whereby members of the two factions struggled to establish a definition of the location that would allow their respective groups to feel that “we belong.” The four place-work strategies observed include (1) the presentation of group value, (2) deference to organizational culture, (3) spatial control...
Movement Disorders Induced by Antipsychotic Drugs: Implications of the CATIE Schizophrenia Trial

Drug-induced movement disorders have dramatically declined with the widespread use of second-generation antipsychotics, but remain important in clinical practice and for understanding antipsychotic pharmacology. The diagnosis and management of dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, catatonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia are reviewed in relation to the decreased liability of the second-generation antipsychotics contrasted with evidence from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Schizophrenia Trial. Data from the CATIE trial imply that advantages of second-generation antipsychotics in significantly reducing extrapyramidal side effects compared with haloperidol may be diminished when compared with modest doses of lower-potency first-generation drugs.
Safe Play Spaces To Promote Physical Activity in Inner-City Children: Results from a Pilot Study of an Environmental Intervention

Objectives. We evaluated the effect of providing a safe play space on the physical activity level of inner-city schoolchildren.Methods. In 1 of 2 matched neighborhoods, we opened a schoolyard and provided attendants to ensure children’s safety. Over the next 2 years we directly observed the number of children and their physical activity levels in the school-yard, as well as in the surrounding intervention and comparison neighborhoods. We also surveyed children in the schools in the intervention and comparison neighborhoods regarding sedentary activities.Results. After the schoolyard was opened, a mean of 71.4 children used it on weekdays and 25.8 used it on weekends during the school year. When observed, 66% of these children were physically active. The number of children who were outdoors and physically active was 84% higher in the intervention neighborhood than the comparison neighborhood. Survey results showed that children in the intervention school reported declines relative to the children in the co...
Influence of a direct‐fed microbial and xylanase enzyme on the dietary energy uptake efficiency and performance of broiler chickens

BACKGROUND Efficacy of a multi-strain direct-fed microbial product (PoultryStar® ME; PS) and a xylanase enzyme product on the dietary energy utilization efficiency and resulting performance in broiler chickens was evaluated. Apart from performance parameters, cecal and serum metabolites and activities of hepatic enzymes involved in energy metabolism were also determined. Ross 308 chicks were fed one of four experimental diets [control (CON), CON + PS, CON + xylanase and CON + PS + xylanase] using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement from 1–21 days of age. RESULTS Cecal proportions of propionate and butyrate, as well as total short-chain fatty acid concentration were increased (P <0.01) by PS suggesting increased fermentation of dietary fiber. Both additives reduced (P <0.01) serum non-esterified free fatty acids, while PS reduced (P <0.01) serum triglyceride. Hepatic glycogen concentration was increased (P <0.01) by both additives. Changes in these serum metabolites and hepatic glycogen indicate the influence of additives in swiftly transitioning the birds from fasting to feeding metabolism. The activity of hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was increased (P <0.01) by PS. Elevated hepatic glycogen and G6PDH activity indicate increased glucose-sparing potential. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lowered by both additives, while the magnitude of reduction was higher with the combination. CONCLUSION The combination worked synergistically, compared to their individual effects, to increase dietary energy uptake and hepatic energy retention. The combination additively increased the FCR, suggesting involvement of synergistic modes of actions. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
A covariance correction that accounts for correlation estimation to improve finite-sample inference with generalized estimating equations: a study on its applicability with structured correlation matrices

When generalized estimating equations (GEE) incorporate an unstructured working correlation matrix, the variances of regression parameter estimates can inflate due to the estimation of the correlation parameters. In previous work, an approximation for this inflation that results in a corrected version of the sandwich formula for the covariance matrix of regression parameter estimates was derived. Use of this correction for correlation structure selection also reduces the over-selection of the unstructured working correlation matrix. In this manuscript, we conduct a simulation study to demonstrate that an increase in variances of regression parameter estimates can occur when GEE incorporates structured working correlation matrices as well. Correspondingly, we show the ability of the corrected version of the sandwich formula to improve the validity of inference and correlation structure selection. We also study the relative influences of two popular corrections to a different source of bias in the empirical sandwich covariance estimator.
Happy hands: The effect of ASL on hearing children's literacy

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effect of American Sign Language (ASL) instruction on typical hearing kindergarten children's literacy in four specific areas: receptive English vocabulary, expressive English vocabulary, ASL ability, and English emergent reading level. The research was specifically modeled after a 1997 United Kingdom, Sign in Education, project in which a deaf teacher delivered instruction to hearing students using British Sign Language (BSL). The findings from the current United States study indicate hearing kindergarten students receiving ASL instruction made statistically significant gains in their receptive English vocabulary, maintained an age appropriate use of expressive English vocabulary, acquired a sufficient level of ASL phonology and morphology to begin to communicate in the visual‐gestural language, and tested higher than similar students on Marie M. Clay's (1993) reading placement measures.
DATA REDUCTION AND PERFORMANCE TEST METHODS FOR RECIPROCATING ENGINE AIRCRAFT

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses data reduction and performance test methods for reciprocating engine aircraft. In the study presented in the chapter, although the effects of thrust produced by the engine exhaust stacks are not considered, significant amounts of power may be generated by this thrust even though an ejector system is not utilized. In this case, the test data obtained over a wide altitude band may be expected to display scatter over and above that attributable to propeller efficiency variations and similar effects. On military aircraft, brake power developed is generally measured using a torque-meter, which measures the torque developed at the propeller shaft and a tachometer which permits determination of shaft RPM. The use of power charts is not entirely satisfactory as in their preparation it is generally presumed that factors, such as oil pressure, oil temperature, cylinder head temperature, etc., either remain constant or vary in some predetermined manner.
Indoor trajectory identification: Snapping with uncertainty

We consider the problem of indoor human trajectory identification using odometry data from smartphone sensors. Given a segmented trajectory, a simplified map of the environment, and a set of error thresholds, we implement a map-matching algorithm in a urban setting and analyze the accuracy of the resulting path. We also discuss aggregation of user step data into a segmented trajectory. Besides providing an interesting application of learning human motion in a constrained environment, we examine how the uncertainty of the snapped trajectory varies with path length. We demonstrate that as new segments are added to a path, the number of possibilities for earlier segments is monotonically non-increasing. Applications of this work in an urban setting are discussed, as well as future plans to develop a formal theory of odometry-based map-matching.
Parental Acculturative Stressors and Adolescent Adjustment Through Interparental and Parent–Child Relationships in Chinese American Families

Perpetual foreigner stereotype and bicultural management difficulty are two understudied acculturative stressors frequently experienced by Asian Americans. This study expanded the family stress model to examine how parental experiences of these two acculturative stressors relate to measures of adolescent adjustment (depressive symptoms, delinquent behaviors, and academic performance) during high school and emerging adulthood through interparental and parent–child relationship processes. Participants were 350 Chinese American adolescents (M age = 17.04, 58 % female) and their parents in Northern California. Path models showed that parental acculturative stressors positively related to parent–child conflict, either directly (for both mother–adolescent and father–adolescent dyads) or indirectly through interparental conflict (for mother–adolescent dyads only). Subsequently, both interparental and parent–child conflict positively related to a sense of alienation between parents and adolescents, which then related to more depressive symptoms, more delinquent behaviors, and lower academic performance in adolescents, for mother–adolescent and father–adolescent dyads. These effects persisted from high school to emerging adulthood. The results highlight the indirect effects of maternal and paternal acculturative stressors on adolescent adjustment through family processes involving interparental and parent–child relationships.
Sorbitol Hydrogenolysis over Hybrid Cu/CaO-Al2O3 Catalysts: Tunable Activity and Selectivity with Solid Base Incorporation

We report for the first time the performance of hybridized Cu/CaO-Al2O3 catalysts for aqueous-phase hydrogenolysis of sorbitol to ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO), and 1,2-butanediol (1,2-BDO) with linear alcohols as coproducts in a base-free liquid phase. These supported Cu catalysts with solid bases as promoters show significant activity for C–C cleavage and high selectivity (∼84%) to glycols and linear alcohols. The effects of Cu loading, catalyst pretreatment conditions, H2 pressure, and temperature on activity and selectivity of Cu/CaO-Al2O3 catalysts were investigated. The strong interaction between Cu and Ca2+ cations in the solid support is found to facilitate C–C and C–O cleavage of sorbitol, as evidenced from TEM, SEM, and TPR studies of the catalysts. Surface characterization and activity tests further suggest that CaxCuyAlzOp (Phase I) promotes dehydrogenation and isomerization reactions, whereas spinal CuAl2O4 (Phase II) species facilitates hydrogenation reactions. In addition,...
Disruption of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus in Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling-Deficient Mice.

Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) 8 is essential for the development of multiple brain regions. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that reduced Fgf8 signaling led to the developmental alterations of neuroendocrine nuclei that originated within the diencephalon, including the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei. To further understand the role of Fgf8 in the development of other hypothalamic nuclei, we examined if Fgf8 and its cognate receptor, Fgfr1, also impact the integrity of the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The SCN control an organism’s circadian rhythm and contain vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-producing neurons as the main input neurons. Mice hypomorphic for Fgf8, Fgfr1, or both were examined for their SCN volume and the number of VIP neurons on postnatal day (PN) 0; adult hypomorphic mice were further examined for SCN function by quantifying SCN neuronal activation using cFos as a marker. On PN0, mice homozygous for Fgf8 hypomorphy displayed the most severe reduction of the SCN volume and VIP neurons. Those heterozygous for Fgf8 hypomorphy alone or Fgf8 combined with Fgfr1 hypomorphy, called double heterozygotes (DH), showed normal SCN volume but significantly reduced VIP neurons, albeit less severely than the homozygotes. Adult wildtype (WT), heterozygous Fgf8 hypomorphs (F8 Het), and DH mice were also examined for SCN cFos activation at three time points: 1 (morning), 6 (afternoon), and 11 (evening) hours after light onset. In F8 Het mice, a significant change in the pattern of cFos immunostaining that may reflect delayed morning SCN activation was observed. Overall, our studies provide evidence supporting that deficiencies in Fgf8 not only impact the structural integrity of the SCN, but also the pattern of SCN activation in response to light.
Tending-toward-blackness

In response to “A Question on Materialisms” (October 155), this text asks anew for a consideration of how blackness—as site, sign, sensibility, and subject position—productively recalibrates both recent and longstanding approaches to the unfolding of the sensible world.
Revascularization in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease and Severe Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: Everolimus-Eluting Stents Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

Background—Guidelines recommend coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) over percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for multivessel disease and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, CABG has not been compared with PCI in such patients in randomized trials. Methods and Results—Patients with multivessel disease and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤35%) who underwent either PCI with everolimus-eluting stent or CABG were selected from the New York State registries. The primary outcome was long-term all-cause death. Secondary outcomes were individual outcomes of myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization. Among the 4616 patients who fulfilled our inclusion criteria (1351 everolimus-eluting stent and 3265 CABG), propensity score matching identified 2126 patients with similar propensity scores. In the short term, PCI was associated with a lower risk of stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.39; P=0.004) in comp...
Routine radiographs at time of pin removal after closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for type 2 supracondylar humerus fractures do not change management: a retrospective cohort study

Radiographs are usually taken on day of pin removal for children treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) of type 2 supracondylar humerus fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radiographs taken at time of pin removal for patients recovering uneventfully alter management. After IRB approval, billing records identified 1213 patients aged 1–10 years who underwent elbow surgery between 2007 and 2013 at our institution for a supracondylar humerus fracture. Of these patients, 389 met inclusion criteria. Clinical charts were reviewed for demographics, operative details, and clinical follow-up, focusing on clinical symptoms present at pin removal. Radiographs taken at time of pin removal and subsequent visits were assessed for healing and fracture alignment. In no case was pin removal delayed based on radiographs. One hundred and nineteen (31 %) patients had radiographs taken following pin removal; in no case was loss of reduction found among these patients. No cases of neurologic or vascular injury, re-fracture, or loss of reduction occurred. Infection occurred in 12 patients (3 %). Pins were kept in place for 23.8 ± 4.4 days. Eighty-six patients (22 %) had additional intervention after pin removal (cast application in all cases). Of 389 patients, 75 (19 %) had no documented reason for extended casting, four (1 %) were extended based on physician evaluation of radiographs, and seven (2 %) were extended for other reasons. Elimination of radiographs at time of pin removal should be considered. If continuing to obtain radiographs at pin removal, we recommend removing pins before taking radiographs to reduce patient fear and anxiety from visualizing percutaneous pins.
Preliminary Analysis of Grande Ronde Basalt Formation Flow Top Transmissivity as it Relates to Assessment and Site Selection Applications for Fluid/Energy Storage and Sequestration Projects

Preliminary Analysis of Grande Ronde Basalt Formation Flow Top Transmissivity as it Relates to Assessment and Site Selection Applications for Fluid/Energy Storage and Sequestration Projects
Bulk Properties of Materials

Regardless of their particular surface properties, biomaterials are required to exhibit certain bulk characteristics, especially including those attributes (mechanical properties) that relate to the ability to carry loads. This chapter addresses mechanical properties in detail, followed by a brief consideration of selected other bulk properties (thermal, optical) that are often significant in the context of biomaterials.
Hypocholesterolemia Is Independently Associated with Decreased Survival in Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis: An Analysis of Lipid Profiles in 558 Myeloproliferative Patients.

BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the prognostic relevance of aberrant serum lipid values in the myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) of primary myelofibrosis (PMF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocythemia (ET). METHODS: The Mayo MPD patient institutional database was queried to identify clinical history and lipid profiles (within a year of diagnosis). Serum cholesterol (CHOL), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TRI) were assessed compared to clinical outcomes. RESULTS: 558 patients with MPDs (PMF 28%, PV 27%, and ET 45%) (median age at diagnosis of 56 (range18–81)) were identified. A lipid profile obtained a median of 0.0 months from diagnosis (range (-8 to 12 months) from MPD patients displayed low CHOL, LDL-C, and higher HDL-C than typical for the USA. Amongst MPD disease types PMF patients had lower CHOL (p Amongst PMF patients, although hypocholesterolemia was not a surrogate for malnutrition (p=0.13) median serum albumin 4.1 g/dL (range 2.7–4.8)), there was correlation with the presence of weight loss, hypercatabolic symptoms, and worse Mayo-CBC myelofibrosis prognostic scores (Cancer2006;106:623; p Decreased PMF survival was also associated with traditional PMF risk factors of hemoglobin 30 × 10(9)/L, platelets CONCLUSIONS: The presence of hypocholesterolemia is very common in patients with PMF and is independently associated with inferior survival.
Dynamics of the microbiota found in the vaginas of dairy cows during the transition period: Associations with uterine diseases and reproductive outcome

We investigated the microbiota found in the vaginas of Holstein dairy cows during the transition period and described the differences in bacterial composition and total bacterial load (TBL) associated with disease and fertility. Vaginal swabs were collected at -7, 0, 3, and 7 d relative to parturition from 111 dairy cows housed on a commercial dairy farm near Ithaca, New York. Microbiota were characterized by next-generation DNA sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, and TBL was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. We applied repeated-measures ANOVA to evaluate the associations of uterine disease and related risk factors with the microbiota and TBL. We estimated phylum-specific bacterial load by multiplying the TBL by the relative abundance of each phylum observed in the metagenomics results. We confirmed the validity of this approach for estimating bacterial load by enumerating the number of bacteria in an artificial sample mixed in vitro and in clinical and healthy vaginal samples. Phyla associated with uterine disease and related risk factors were Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Cows with retained placenta and healthy cows had similar TBL at the day of parturition, but at d 7 postpartum, cows with retained placenta showed a significantly higher TBL, mainly driven by higher estimated loads of Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Cows diagnosed with metritis had a significantly higher estimated load of Proteobacteria at d -7 and at calving and higher estimated loads of Fusobacteria in the postpartum samples. Additionally, the estimated load of Bacteroidetes at d 7 postpartum was higher for cows diagnosed with endometritis at 35 days in milk. Higher estimated loads of Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes were also evident in cows with postpartum fever, in primiparous cows, in cows with assisted parturition, and in cows that gave birth to twins. Our findings demonstrated that microbiota composition and TBL were associated with known periparturient risk factors of uterine diseases and reproductive failure, including parity, assisted parturition, and retained fetal membranes.
Repressing Integrase attachment site operation with CRISPR-Cas9 in E. coli

Serine integrases are bacteriophage proteins responsible for integrating the phage genome into that of the host. Synthetic biologists have co-opted these proteins into useful tools for permanent DNA logic, utilizing their specific DNA recombination abilities to build synthetic cell differentiation and genetic memory systems. Each integrase has a specific pair of DNA sequences (attP/attB sites) that it recombines, but multiple identical sites can result in unpredictable recombination. We have developed a way to control integrase activity on identical attP/attB sites by using catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) as a programmable binding protein that can compete with integrase for binding to specific attachment sites. Utilizing a plasmid that contains two identical Bxb1 attP sites, integration can be repressed up to 8 fold at either one of the two attP sites when guide RNA and dCas9 are present. Guide RNA sequences that bind specifically to attB, or either of two attP sites, have been developed. Future goals are to utilize this technology to construct larger and more complex integrase logic circuits.
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Prognostic and Risk Assessment Systems

Numerous staging systems have been developed to predict the prognosis of thyroid cancer. Historically these have focused primarily on mortality as the predicted outcome. The key prognostic variables include patient age, tumor size, presence of lymph node or distant metastases, invasive behavior of the tumor, and grade or histology of the tumor. In this chapter, each of these variables is discussed in depth. In addition all of the major staging systems are reviewed including MACIS, TNM, and many others.
The impact of the 2008 recession on the health of older workers: data from 13 European countries.

Background Fluctuations in the national economy shape labour market opportunities and outcomes, which in turn influence the health conditions of older workers. This study examined whether overall economic shifts during the 2008 recession was associated with four health indicators among older workers. Method Data came from 4917 respondents (16 090 contacts) aged 50-70 in 13 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland) participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Health and employment assessments from 2004-13 were linked to annual data on fluctuations in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, life expectancy and unemployment rates for each country. Using fixed effects models, we assessed the recession's implications on four individual health outcomes: body mass index (BMI), drinking alcohol, depression and general health, while isolating cyclical variation within countries and individual changes over time. Results Overall economic shifts had an effect on older workers: decreases in GDP were associated with a decline in average BMI, consumption of alcohol and deterioration in self-rated health; country-level unemployment rate had no effect on health outcomes, while life expectancy at birth was significant but not consistently across models. Being employed or retired were associated with fewer depressive symptoms and better self-rated health. Conclusions Overall economic shifts during recessions affect certain health outcomes of older workers, and better health conditions together with being employed or retired may limit the negative health consequences of a recession.
Statin use and risk of Alzheimer disease: A new view on an old relationship

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a rapidly growing clinical and public health issue, primarily due to the increasing numbers of elderly.1 There is currently no effective treatment.
Dynamic Encoding in the Notch Pathway.

A small number of signaling pathways are used ubiquitously throughout development. How can enough information be carried through such a small number of channels? Reporting in Cell, Nandagopal et al. (2018) reveal how different Notch ligands can regulate different targets through the same receptor using differences in signaling dynamics.
Do Creative Thinking and Creative Problem-Solving Have a Place in Counseling Curricula?

As counseling curricula evolve in future years, the idea of including the topics of creative thinking and problem-solving in coursework is explored by the researcher. These domains, along with the ...
Seismic Instrumentation of Dams

The desirability of installing seismic instruments on and near major dams is explained. Two types of instruments are required: (1) Strong-motion accelerographs for recording potentially destructive ground shaking and resulting dam vibrations; and (2) sensitive seismographs for determining the local seismicity. A minimum of two strong-motion accelerographs should be installed on the dam and a minimum of two should be installed in the immediate vicinity of the dam. Each accelerograph should record three components of motion, should have a natural frequency of approx. 20 Hz, a recording speed of approx 1 cm/s. The sensitive seismographs are intended to record the local seismicity in the vicinity of the dam site before construction, and to detect any changes in seismicity during reservoir filling. A minimum of three seismographs is recommended for installation in the vicinity of the dam site. A vertical-component seismometer (1 Hz - 5 Hz) with visual recorder and approx l0,000 magnification at 1 Hz is recommended.
Modern Human Colonization of the Siberian Mammoth Steppe: A View from South-Central Siberia

Was the transition from the middle Upper Paleolithic (MUP) to late Upper Paleolithic (LUP) in Siberia the result of gradual, in situ cultural change or abrupt change that resulted from multiple recolonization attempts? Past studies have primarily focused on chronology and typology in attempts to reconstruct culture histories. As a result reconstruction of hunter-gatherer ecology has been limited to broad overviews and generalizations. Questions regarding the processes of human colonization have largely remained unanswered. Explaining the differences between MUP and LUP behavioral adaptations and decision-making in the Siberian mammoth steppe is critical to achieving full understanding of the process of human colonization of the North during the late Pleistocene. This study uses both radiocarbon and lithic technological data from MUP and LUP sites located in the Enisei River valley of south-central Siberia to address the problem from a more comprehensive behavioral perspective. Chronological data demonstrate the MUP and LUP in the Enisei region were separated by a 4000-year gap straddling the LGM, while lithic data suggest MUP foragers before the LGM were making different technological provisioning decisions than LUP foragers after the LGM. Results of this study indicate that the Siberian mammoth steppe was colonized during multiple dispersal events.
From charge spin logic to probabilistic spin logic - An experimental approach

While magnetic materials in storage devices are part of our electronic world since many decades and are explored more recently by the semiconductor industry for memory applications such as Spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory (STT-RAM), spin based devices for logic applications are still in their infancies. Mimicking a CMOS type logic with magnets requires a "Write" and a "Read" unit as well as proper input/output isolation. In my presentation, I will first describe what we call "charge spin logic" (CSL) and then "probabilistic spin logic" (PSL) as implementations of this novel type of spin based logic devices.
Impact of a simulated electronic health record on pharmacy students' perceptions of preparedness for clinical practice.

Abstract Background and purpose The growing use of electronic health records (EHRs) in clinical practice highlights the need to incorporate simulated EHRs into the curriculum of healthcare professions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a simulated EHR on student performance and to describe students’ perceptions of preparedness to use an EHR in clinical practice. Educational activity and setting A simulated EHR was introduced to third-year pharmacy students in a practice lab and case studies course series. The impact of the simulated EHR was measured by comparing student grades from acute patient care and ambulatory care advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) before and after EHR implementation. Data on students’ perceptions of preparedness to use an EHR was collected by means of a questionnaire. Findings There was no significant difference between groups on student performance from the acute patient care APPE (p = 0.522) or from the ambulatory care APPE (p = 0.936). Questionnaire responses showed statistically significant improvements in students’ perceptions of preparedness to use an EHR in clinical practice. Discussion Positive findings related to students’ perceptions of preparedness to use an EHR in clinical practice were used to guide expansion of the simulated EHR throughout the didactic curriculum at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Summary Implementation of a simulated EHR at the end of the PharmD didactic curriculum did not show a difference in student performance on select APPEs, but did show improvements in students’ perceptions of preparedness to use an EHR in clinical practice.
How Distress Tolerance Mediates the Relationship Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide Constructs in a U.S. Military Sample

Objectives Despite the general suicide rate within the military being comparable to the general population when comparing peers, there are certain branches of the military that have elevated risk. Specifically, the U.S. National Guard has suicide rates that are constantly higher than other military branches and civilian peers. The National Guard are a unique military population in which they frequently transition between military and civilian life. With these unique experiences and heightened risk, military suicide prevention efforts may benefit from further research within this population. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is another concern amongst military personnel and has been linked to suicidal behavior. Methods The current study examined the indirect effects that distress tolerance, a protective factor against suicide, has on the relationship between PTSD and constructs within a well-validated theory for suicide (the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory for suicidal behaviors) in a sample of U.S. Army National Guard personnel. Results Results indicated that distress tolerance had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between PTSD and thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and capability for suicide. Conclusions These findings are consistent with previous literature examining the relationship between distress tolerance and our outcome variables. These results could have important clinical implications, mainly that intervention strategies targeting distress tolerance could have significant impacts on suicide-relate thoughts.
Balanced Instructional Support and Challenge in Universally Designed Learning Environments

This article suggests a future where accessibility and the universal design of the physical education environment is no longer an issue and where the focus is on universal design for learning. The ...
Developing High Impact Practices (HIPs) in University Internship Courses

The implementation of several High Impact Practices (HIPs) in an apparel merchandising and product development curriculum fosters a comprehensive learning environment resulting in graduates who can be more competitive with peers from other institutions. Several HIPs are discussed in the article, including pre-internship, VLOGs, digital portfolios and online delivery of the internship. The impact of the internship is far-reaching and provides a practical experience in a work situation, affording the opportunity for application of classroom fundamentals. It also provides industry with strong additions to their management staff with the objective of increasing sales and profit. These high impact practices utilized in a college curriculum enable students to have the best possible scenario for job success.
Preservation of Wastewater Effluent Samples for Forms of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

Samples of water containing concentrations of total organic carbon at levels greater than 20 mg/liter when preserved with 40 mg/liter of mercuric chloride did not provide a complete inhibition of microbiological growth. Acomplete inhibition was noted at a preservation level of 400 mg/liter of mercuric chloride. A study was conducted on chemical changes of forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater effluents preserved with 400 mg/liter of mercuric chloride. A variety of wastewater treatment plant effluent samples was combined into one composite. The composite was then divided into ten equal samples. Each sample was analyzed separately for Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, orthophosphate phosphorus, and total phosphate phosphorus after 10, 30, 60, 80, and 100 days. Due to a logistical handling problem, the samples were usually processed in order in batches. An analysis for total organic carbon, total inorganic carbon, and dissolved inorganic mercury was conducted after 100 days. Small but measurable differences were observed for all constituents from one period to another. The ammonia, nitrite, nitrate nitrogen system was most susceptible to change. The Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis showed the greatest variation among replicates and sets. The study indicated that wastewater samples can be stored at room temperature after preservation with 400 mg/liter of mercuric chloride for periods of up to 100 days with only minimal changes in the form of nitrogen and phosphorus.
75 Demonstrating leadership in health care: utilising artificial intelligence to improve NCD outcomes

Context Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for more than 71% of all deaths worldwide and more than 85% of these deaths are premature and in low- and middle-income countries. Diabetes is one of four key NCDs, the others being cardiovascular disease (CVD) chronic respiratory illness and cancer. Those with diabetes are at high risk for CVD and are two to four times more likely to die from CVD than those without. 1 in 10 people with diabetes were not aware about CVD and its risk factors; greater than 9 in 10 had one or more risk factors for CVD; and 1 in 4 thought their risk for CVD was low or none. These results of a study conducted by the International Diabetes Federation in 2017/2018 reported that in South East Asia more than half those studied reported that they were at no or low risk of CVD. Furthermore, almost 1 in 5 could not recall having discussed risk for CVD with their clinician. Thailand’s National Health Examination Survey III showed that approximately half of the people with the coexistence of hypertension and diabetes were unaware of either one condition and 85% of them were unaware of having both conditions. Researchers conclude that efforts to increase detection, treatment, and control of those affected are critical. A multisectoral approach involving key stakeholders and leveraging technology with credible information can be used to address the challenge. Intervention We leveraged artificial intelligence to address two key issues; identify persona of diabetes patients who are not aware of their risk for CVD and provide targeted information to raise awareness and improve adherence. The Medical Lead for NCDs, the Regional Medical Lead for ASEAN and the Regional Business Technology (BT) Lead led the design and execution of this strategic project in Thailand. Our teams included country medical and regional portfolio and BT leads. A defined project management plan with milestone reviews helped execute this project on time.
Joseph Franz Domin (1754-1819) and His Contribution to Electrotherapy

Joseph Franz Domin (1754-1819) as the croatian theologian and philosopher is primary animist (vitalist), and in practice he has worked as physicist - mechanist, although the humoral theory at that time will be a foundation of medical philosophy more than twenty centuries from Hippocrates to the half of 19th century and Virchow's cellular theory. Besides his academic and researcher's work he has been working on electrotherapy of numerous conditions and diseases about which he has published (cephalea, neuralgia, paresis, plegias, pterigyum oculi, rheumatisms, Gicht, epilepsia, arthralgias, febres etc). The latter is undoubtedly progressive natural scientific theory which at that time have widely spread at Habsburgs Monarchy Universities and as proof between first and second Wien's medical school by integration of other scientific branches (physics and chemistry) in medicine. According to the various researchers Domin was an author of the first electrotherapy manual published in Zagreb, practitioner of electrotherapy in pregalvanic era in contemporary Austrian empire and for sure a scientist who have left a significant remark in contemporary applied physics in medicine, which continued in professional and scientific elaborations not until the end of the 19th century.
Toward the Peaceful Coexistence of Patent and Antitrust Law

This chapter explores the interrelationship between these two basic provisions, both as a matter of general theory and through their development in case law over the past 130 years—which spans multiple eras of technological innovation. It is easy to find cases where patent law appears to move in one direction and antitrust law in the opposite. But as a general matter, this chapter defends the thesis that, as the Federal Circuit has written, “[t]he patent and antitrust laws are complementary, the patent system serving to encourage invention and the bringing of new products to market by adjusting investment-based risk, and the antitrust laws serving to foster industrial competition.” As a descriptive matter, today, this thesis is largely, but not uniformly, respected. More specifically, the central task of this chapter is to note how the concern with monopolization—explicit in the antitrust laws—plays a powerful, if somewhat concealed, role in the articulation of patent law as well. As is always the case, any concern with monopolization is a two-edged sword: It is always important to make sure that monopoly practices do not go undetected, but it is equally important that the doctrines of both patent and antitrust law do not impose penalties for supposed monopolistic practices that ultimately turn out to be procompetitive.
Mediastinitis Secondary to Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Migration and Perforation after Minor Trauma: A Case Report.

Author(s): Martinez, Osvaldo; Puller, Justin | Abstract: Introduction: The use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) has been integral to the advancement of medical care in both in-patient and out-patient arenas.1 However, our knowledge of PICC line complications remains incomplete, particularly in regard to venous perforation and extraluminal migration. Utilization of displaced catheters harbors lethal complications and is an infrequently reported phenomenon, with traumatic etiologies only referenced as possible mechanisms; however, to date no formal cases have been reported.5,6 Case Report: We report a case of a fall associated with extraluminal PICC migration and perforation causing mediastinitis and severe sepsis after total parenteral nutrition (TPN) infusion in a 54-year-old woman. Our patient required a right-sided PICC for long-term home TPN due to severe malnutrition following gastric bypass surgery. During a routine home care visit our patient was found tachypneic, hypoxic, and short of breath. Computed topography imaging in the emergency department (ED) identified the injury, likely related to the recent fall. The patient experienced a complicated hospital course after removal of the PICC. Although rare, PICC line migrations and perforations cause serious complications that should be considered by emergency physicians evaluating patients with chronic indwelling vascular access. Conclusion: Given the efficacy and widespread use of PICC lines, we present this case as a rarely reported but life-threatening complication that requires particular attention. Emergency physicians should be aware of such PICC line complications when encountering patients with chronic indwelling vascular access.
Towards nanovesicle-based disease diagnostics: a rapid single-step exosome assay within one hour through in situ immunomagnetic extraction and nanophotonic label-free detection.

Exosomes have been considered as high-quality biomarkers for disease diagnosis, as they are secreted by cells into extracellular environments as nanovesicles with rich and unique molecular information, and can be isolated and enriched from clinical samples. However, most existing exosome assays, to date, require time-consuming isolation and purification procedures; the detection specificity and sensitivity are also in need of improvement for the realization of exosome-based disease diagnostics. This paper reports a unique exosome assay technology that enables completing both magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-based exosome extraction and high-sensitivity photonic crystal (PC)-based label-free exosome detection in a single miniature vessel within one hour, while providing an improved sensitivity and selectivity. High specificity of the assay to membrane antigens is realized by functionalizing both the MNPs and the PC with specific antibodies. A low limit of detection on the order of 107 exosome particles per milliliter (volume) is achieved because the conjugated MNP–exosome nanocomplexes offer a larger index change on the PC surface, compared to the exosomes alone without using MNPs. Briefly, the single-step exosome assay involves (i) forming specific MNP–exosome nanocomplexes to enrich exosomes from complex samples directly on the PC surface at the bottom of the vessel, with a >500 enrichment factor, and (ii) subsequently, performing in situ quantification of the nanocomplexes using the PC biosensor. The present exosome assay method is validated in analyzing multiple membrane proteins of exosomes derived from murine macrophage cells with high selectivity and sensitivity, while requiring only about one hour. This assay technology will provide great potential for exosome-based disease diagnostics.